Pulse-shape discrimination between electron and nuclear recoils in a NaI(Tl) crystal

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Lee, H.S.; Adhikari, G.; Adhikari, P.; Choi, S.; Hahn, I.S.

2015-01-01

We report on the response of a high light-output NaI(Tl) crystal to nuclear recoils induced by neutrons from an Am-Be source and compare the results with the response to electron recoils produced by Compton-scattered 662 keV γ-rays from a 137 Cs source. The measured pulse-shape discrimination (PSD) power of the NaI(Tl) crystal is found to be significantly improved because of the high light output of the NaI(Tl) detector. We quantify the PSD power with a quality factor and estimate the sensitivity to the interaction rate for weakly interacting massive particles (WIMPs) with nucleons, and the result is compared with the annual modulation amplitude observed by the DAMA/LIBRA experiment. The sensitivity to spin-independent WIMP-nucleon interactions based on 100 kg⋅year of data from NaI detectors is estimated with simulated experiments, using the standard halo model.

Pulse-shape discrimination between electron and nuclear recoils in a NaI(Tl) crystal

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Lee, H.S. [Department of Physics, Ewha Womans University,Seoul 120-750 (Korea, Republic of); Adhikari, G.; Adhikari, P. [Department of Physics, Sejong University,Seoul 143-747 (Korea, Republic of); Choi, S. [Department of Physics and Astronomy, Seoul National University,Seoul 151-747 (Korea, Republic of); Hahn, I.S. [Department of Science Education, Ewha Womans University,Seoul 120-750 (Korea, Republic of)

2015-08-18

We report on the response of a high light-output NaI(Tl) crystal to nuclear recoils induced by neutrons from an Am-Be source and compare the results with the response to electron recoils produced by Compton-scattered 662 keV γ-rays from a {sup 137}Cs source. The measured pulse-shape discrimination (PSD) power of the NaI(Tl) crystal is found to be significantly improved because of the high light output of the NaI(Tl) detector. We quantify the PSD power with a quality factor and estimate the sensitivity to the interaction rate for weakly interacting massive particles (WIMPs) with nucleons, and the result is compared with the annual modulation amplitude observed by the DAMA/LIBRA experiment. The sensitivity to spin-independent WIMP-nucleon interactions based on 100 kg⋅year of data from NaI detectors is estimated with simulated experiments, using the standard halo model.

Crystalline phase of sodium germanate system determined by x-ray diffraction and 23Na magic angle spinning nuclear magnetic resonance

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Hussin, R.; Holland, D.; Dupree, R.

2000-01-01

Crystalline products of sodium germanate glasses system with composition from 10 mol% to 50 mol% Na 2 O have been investigated using 23 Na magic angle spinning (MAS) nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy and x-ray diffraction (XRD). Fitting of the 23 Na NMR spectra of the crystalline phases concerning different crystallographically sodium atom in sodium germanate system are reasonably reproducible as observed by the spectra obtained. The line shape simulations of the 23 Na NMR spectra yielded NMR quadrupolar parameters such as nuclear quadrupole coupling constants (C Q ), asymmetry parameters (η), and isotropic chemical shifts (δ i ). 23 Na NMR isotropic chemical shift may also provide further information on the structural environment of the sodium atom. A simple correlation between structure and NMR parameters to be tested can be used to probe the structure of sodium germanate glasses. The experimental 23 Na chemical shifts correlate well with an empirical shift parameter based on the total oxygen-cation bond valence and Na-O distances of all oxygen atoms in the first coordination sphere of the sodium cation. In this study the different phases in the sodium germanate system were identified. These results show that 23 Na NMR can provide examples of the types of structural information for sodium germanate system. (Author)

Ensino interativo na abordagem de Eletricidade numa escola portuguesa

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Maria José Quintas

2016-12-01

Full Text Available http://dx.doi.org/10.5007/2175-7941.2016v33n3p839 A exploração de materiais didáticos interactivos é vista como potenciadora de uma melhor aprendizagem da Física. Neste trabalho apresentam-se alguns resultados obtidos da realização de atividades práticas de laboratório (APL e exploração de ferramentas baseadas em recursos educativos digitais (RED, na abordagem de Eletricidade em algumas escolas portuguesas. Nesta investigação, os alunos foram divididos em Grupo Experimental (GE e Grupo de Controlo (GC. Na recolha dos dados foram usadas fichas, relatórios de aula, inquéritos e entrevistas. Os resultados apontam para uma melhor aprendizagem dos alunos do GE, validando assim as hipóteses de qualidade e de continuidade desta prática de ensino e aprendizagem nas escolas. Este trabalho mostra também que quer a utilização pelos alunos dos materiais interativos quer a formação dos professores na exploração desses materiais, são necessárias para promover uma aprendizagem colaborativa.

Centro de Energia Nuclear na Agricultura (CENA) - Sao Paulo, Brazil, - Annual report, 1978

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Anon.

The activities carried out at 'Centro de Energia Nuclear na Agricultura (CENA) S.P., Brazil, in 1978 are related, such as : development of research on the use of radioisotopes in crop improvement and plant breeding, as well as in the improvement of animal production; works in collaboration with other entities; personnel formation and scientific exchange with other countries. (M.A.) [pt

Inovação na fabricação de cervejas especiais na região de Belo Horizonte

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Rubens Hermógenes Ferreira

Full Text Available Este artigo tem como objetivo identificar os processos de inovação na fabricação de cervejas especiais na grande Belo Horizonte. Para tanto, utilizou-se conceitos como cervejas especiais, inovação, empreendedorismo e gestão do conhecimento. O foco teórico foi concentrado na evolução da indústria cervejeira, no processo de inovação e nas diversas tipologias adotadas pelos autores tradicionais, que são referência no tema. Autores como Schumpeter, e os mais recentes, como Tidd, Bessant & Pavitt (2008, auxiliaram na definição de inovação usada neste trabalho. A coleta de dados deu-se através de entrevistas com atores da produção de cervejas especiais, da observação em painel setorial, em mesa redonda em evento do setor, além de pesquisa documental. Os sujeitos pesquisados foram os atores envolvidos com cervejas especiais, como: microcervejeiros, homebrewers e consultores do setor. As conclusões indicam que a inovação tem sido importante para aqueles que atuam com esse tipo de cerveja, seja pela diferenciação do produto, pelo atendimento às exigências do mercado e por uma atuação incipiente em redes sociais para transmissão do conhecimento. Os resultados da pesquisa mostraram evidências da ocorrência de inovação no setor cervejeiro artesanal, em particular, as incrementais.

O comércio intra-sectorial na indústria agro-alimentar nos países BRIC

OpenAIRE

Zhou, Qiong

2012-01-01

Mestrado em Contabilidade, Fiscalidade e Finanças Empresariais Esta dissertação analisa a evolução do comércio intra-sectorial total e por tipos (comércio intra-sectorial horizontal e vertical) na indústria agro-alimentar do Brasi, Rússia, Índia e China (os chamados BRIC). É feita, também, a caracterização dos quatro países em termos do seu peso nas exportações e importações de produtos agro-alimentares. A metodologia usada utiliza o índice de Comércio intra-sectoriasl de Grubel e Lloyd (1...

A genética dos distúrbios do sono na infância e adolescência

OpenAIRE

Nunes,Magda Lahorgue; Bruni,Oliviero

2008-01-01

OBJETIVO: O objetivo deste artigo é revisar a literatura sobre a genética dos distúrbios do sono na infância e adolescência. FONTES DOS DADOS: As palavras-chave "sono" e "genética" foram usadas para pesquisar por artigos publicados nos últimos cinco anos no banco de dados MEDLINE. A seguir, seus resumos foram analisados. A pesquisa também incluiu artigos clássicos, com a primeira descrição dos genes. SÍNTESE DOS DADOS: A recorrência familiar de muitos distúrbios do sono é um achado freqüente,...

Investigation on U - O - Na, Pu - O - Na and U,Pu - O - Na phase diagrams

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Pillon, S.

1989-03-01

The thermochemical interaction between the nuclear fuel (uranium and plutonium mixed oxides) and the sodium has been investigated and particularly the three phase diagrams: U - O - Na; Pu - O - Na; U,Pu - O - Na. High temperature neutron diffraction, microcalorimetry and powder X-ray diffraction were used for the characterization of the compounds synthetized. This study allowed to complete the knowledge about each of these diagrams and to measure some physical and thermal properties on the compounds. The limits on the modelization of the fuel-sodium interaction are discussed from the results of the UO 2 - Na reaction [fr

Comportamento do ergorreflexo na insuficiência cardíaca

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Juliana Fernanda Canhadas Belli

2011-08-01

Full Text Available Grande número de evidências tem sugerido a existência de uma rede de reflexos que se tornam hiperativos secundariamente a alterações músculo-esqueléticas que ocorrem na síndrome insuficiência cardíaca (IC. Estes, aliados aos reflexos cardiovasculares simpato-inibitórios, suprimidos na síndrome, podem contribuir para a intolerância ao exercício físico. A hiperativação dos sinais originados dos receptores localizados nos músculos esqueléticos (mecanoceptores - metaborreceptores é uma hipótese proposta recentemente para explicar a origem dos sintomas de fadiga e dispneia e os efeitos benéficos do treinamento físico na síndrome da IC. Na IC, outras alterações nos sistemas de controle reflexo, que não são mutuamente exclusivos, contribuem para dispneia. Estimulação inapropriada dos barorreceptores arteriais com consequente falta de inibição da descarga do metaborreflexo muscular e quimiorreflexo carotídeo e aumento da vasoconstricção renal com liberação de angiotensina II pode também ser considerada. Apesar das alterações funcionais dos reflexos terem sido usadas de maneira independente para ilustrar a excitação simpática observada na IC, a interação entre esses reflexos em condições normais e patológicas, especialmente sua contribuição para o estado simpato-excitatório encontrado na IC, não tem sido amplamente estudados. Assim, o problema se ambos os receptores musculares (mecano e metaborreceptores estão envolvidos na gênese da exacerbação do ergorreflexo observado na IC ainda fica a ser resolvido. Dessa forma, essa revisão tem por objetivo integrar os conhecimentos a respeito do mecano e metaborreflexo (ergorreflexo na síndrome da insuficiência cardíaca bem como esclarecer a influência da terapêutica medicamentosa da IC no ergorreflexo.

Nuclear astrophysics with DRAGON at ISAC: the 21Na(p, γ)22Mg reaction

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

D'Auria, J.M.

2003-01-01

The DRAGON facility at the new intense radioactive beams facility, ISAC, is now operational. It was built to perform studies of radiative alpha and proton capture reactions involving radioactive reactants, and of interest to nuclear astrophysics. The rate of the 21 Na(p, γ) 22 Mg reaction has been measured using inverse kinematics. Resonance strengths have been measured for states of importance for novae explosions. This report will summarize aspects of this study and its impact. (orig.)

Plantas usadas por aves en paisajes cafeteros de Nariño, Colombia

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Yulieth Viviana Castillo R.

2017-12-01

Full Text Available Las plantas son un importante recurso alimenticio para las aves presentes en los paisajes cafeteros, por lo que la heterogeneidad en las diferentes unidades de estos paisajes, garantizan la disponibilidad de alimento. Conocer este tipo de interacciones entre plantas y aves es importante para la conservación de la biodiversidad en paisajes cafeteros. En esta investigación, se presenta la lista inicial de especies de plantas usadas por las aves de paisajes cafeteros en zonas rurales de los municipios de Colón-Génova, La Unión, Arboleda y San Pedro de Cartago en el departamento de Nariño, Colombia. Las observaciones en campo y colectas generales de plantas muestran que 25 especies vegetales son consumidas por aves frugívoras, ocho especies son aprovechadas por aves nectarívoras y nueve especies son aprovechadas por aves insectívoras. Los resultados obtenidos permiten proponer un listado de especies de plantas potenciales como fuente de recursos para las aves, algunas nativas y otras introducidas, que pueden ser útiles para el manejo de paisajes cafeteros en la región a través de la implementación de estrategias de producción y propagación para la restauración.

Study On Analytical Methods Of Tellurium Content In Natriiodide (Na131I) Radiopharmaceutical Solution Produced In The Dalat Nuclear Reactor

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Vo Thi Cam Hoa; Duong Van Dong; Nguyen Thi Thu; Chu Van Khoa

2007-01-01

This report describes the practical methods for analyzing of Tellurium content in Na 131 I solution produced at the Dalat Nuclear Research Institute. We studied analytical methods to control Tellurium content in final Na 131 I solution product used in medical purposes by three methods such as: spot test, gamma spectrometric and spectrophotometric methods. These investigation results are shown that the spot test method is suitable for controlling Tellurium trace in the final product. This spot test can be determinate Tellurium trace less than 10 ppm and are used to quality control of Na 131 I solution using in medical application. (author)

Esquecer Peirce? Dificuldades de uma teoria da comunicação que se apoia no modelo lógico e na religião (parte 1

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Ciro Marcondes Filho

2012-12-01

Full Text Available Grande parte das teorias da comunicação está fora de moda. A semiótica, especialmente a peirceana, aparece como uma das opções mais atuais na área. Entretanto, ela não dá conta das exigências do momento porque está presa a um referencial lógico-matemático que a leva ao logocentrismo e à metafísica, apresenta trilogias vacilantes, sugere um diagrama dificilmente aplicável a conceitos filosóficos abstratos, apóia-se na religião, e last but not least, está sendo usada para compromissos escusos com as novas formas de poder.

Thermal expansion of the nuclear fuel-sodium reaction product Na{sub 3}(U{sub 0.84(2)},Na{sub 0.16(2)})O{sub 4} - Structural mechanism and comparison with related sodium-metal ternary oxides

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Illy, Marie-Claire [Chimie ParisTech, PSL Research University, CNRS, Institut de Recherche de Chimie Paris (IRCP), F-75005 Paris (France); European Commission, Joint Research Centre, P.O. Box 2340, 76125 Karlsruhe (Germany); Smith, Anna L. [European Commission, Joint Research Centre, P.O. Box 2340, 76125 Karlsruhe (Germany); Delft University of Technology, Faculty of Applied Sciences, Department of Radiation Science & Technology, Nuclear Energy and Radiation Applications (NERA), Mekelweg 15, 2629 JB, Delft (Netherlands); Wallez, Gilles, E-mail: gilles.wallez@upmc.fr [Chimie ParisTech, PSL Research University, CNRS, Institut de Recherche de Chimie Paris (IRCP), F-75005 Paris (France); Sorbonne University, UPMC Université, Paris 06, 75005 Paris (France); Raison, Philippe E.; Caciuffo, Roberto; Konings, Rudy J.M. [European Commission, Joint Research Centre, P.O. Box 2340, 76125 Karlsruhe (Germany)

2017-07-15

Na{sub 3.16(2)}U{sup V,VI}{sub 0.84(2)}O{sub 4} is obtained from the reaction of sodium with uranium dioxide under oxygen potential conditions typical of a sodium-cooled fast nuclear reactor. In the event of a breach of the steel cladding, it would be the dominant reaction product forming at the rim of the mixed (U,Pu)O{sub 2} fuel pellets. High-temperature X-ray diffraction measurements show that a distortion of the uranium environment in Na{sub 3.16(2)}U{sup V,VI}{sub 0.84(2)}O{sub 4} results in a strongly anisotropic thermal expansion. A comparison with several related sodium metallates Na{sub n-2}M{sup n+}O{sub n-1} - including Na{sub 3}SbO{sub 4} and Na{sub 3}TaO{sub 4}, whose crystal structures are reported for the first time - has allowed us to assess the role played in the lattice expansion by the M{sup n+} cation radius and the Na/M ratio. On this basis, the thermomechanical behavior of the title compound is discussed, along with those of several related double oxides of sodium and actinide elements, surrogate elements, or fission products. - Highlights: •Thermal expansion and structural mechanism of Na{sub 3}(U{sub 0.84(2)},Na{sub 0.16(2)})O{sub 4}, main product of the reaction of sodium with nuclear fuel. •Thermomechanical behavior of sodium uranate suggests possible strains on the fuel cladding and risks of de-cohesion with the fuel pin. •Effect of homo- and aliovalent cation substitutions allows to predict the thermomechanical behavior of sodium metallates involving fission products or minor actinide elements. •Crystal structure of new compounds Na{sub 3}SbO{sub 4} and Na{sub 3}TaO{sub 4}.

Uma abordagem semiótica e indicial da identidade na era de YouTube

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Fernando Andacht

2015-12-01

Full Text Available O artigo estuda os efeitos comunicacionais e imaginários produzidos pelos vlogs, quer autênticos, quer falsos, no YouTube através de alguns casos célebres na história desse site para carregar e compartilhar vídeos. Em muitas dessas produções audiovisuais há um predomínio dos signos indiciais – a classe de significação que surge do contato do signo com seu objeto, como as pegadas ou os sintomas. Na época atual, estes signos são muito procurados pelos públicos para satisfazer o interesse coletivo por um corpo a corpo com os realizadores amadores – ou aqueles que se apresentam assim – de vlogs autobiográficos. A abordagem teórica da semiótica triádica de Peirce é usada para a análise da identidade humana na era da internet, e também para uma análise da dúvida sobre o autêntico e seu oposto, o simulado, um elemento inseparável dessa experiência midiática

A angústia dos corpos indóceis: prostituição e conflito armado na Colômbia contemporânea The anguish of indocile bodies: prostitution and the armed conflict in contemporary Colombia

OpenAIRE

José Miguel Nieto Olivar

2008-01-01

Uma das estratégias de controle usadas pelos grupos armados no marco da agudização do conflito na Colômbia é o controle e a "gerência" da prostituição (e da sexualidade em geral) nos territórios de dominação. O que significa ser prostituta no contexto de controle armado masculino na Colômbia contemporânea? Quais as possibilidades da vivência dos direitos humanos nas mulheres trabalhadoras sexuais nesse contexto? Essas perguntas surgem da vivência próxima da história da Lady entre os anos 2003...

O trabalho do agente comunitário na promoção da saúde: revisão integrativa da literatura

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Iara Cristina Pereira

2013-06-01

Full Text Available O presente artigo é uma revisão integrativa que teve como objetivo avaliar as evidências disponíveis na literatura sobre o desenvolvimento de estratégias operacionalizadas pelos agentes comunitários de saúde em prol da promoção da saúde. Para a seleção dos estudos foram usadas três bases de dados: BDTD, LILACS e SciELO. Foram encontradas 2.179 publicações, das quais 58 foram selecionadas para análise. Os resultados foram sistematizados em três categorias empíricas: A promoção da saúde: desafios na reorientação do modelo assistencial, A prática educativa no cotidiano de trabalho dos ACS e A formação profissional na perspectiva da Atenção Primária em Saúde. Concluiu-se que a construção de um modelo assistencial baseado na promoção da saúde requer a incorporação de novas práticas formativas, assistenciais e institucionais.

Utilização de técnicas multivariadas e de morfometria geométrica na discriminação de espécies do gênero Rhinobatos (Família Rhinobatidae) do Nordeste do Brasil

OpenAIRE

Cristiane Rocha Albuquerque Lima

2007-01-01

Rhinobatos cf percellens é uma espécie de raia marinha de águas costeiras. A amostra analisada foi coletada em Caiçara do Norte, no estado do Rio Grande do Norte (Brasil). Técnicas tradicionais e de morfometria geométrica foram usadas com o objetivo de identificar o status específico da espécie explorada na costa Nordeste do Brasil. Para isso, comparações entre R. percellens e R. lentiginosus foram feitas através de dados obtidos na literatura e dados de parátipos de ambas espécies prov...

Effects of different litter depths on environmental parameters and growth performance of growing finishing pigs Efeito de diferentes profundidades de cama usada para suínos em crescimento e em terminação sobre parâmetros ambientais e desempenho de crescimento

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Érico Kunde Corrêa

2009-06-01

, comparando três tratamentos: cama de casca de arroz com 0,5m (T1, com 0,25m de profundidade (T2 e piso de concreto (T3. A primeira cama foi usada em dois lotes de animais e foi substituída por uma segunda, usada em outros dois lotes, compreendendo 52 semanas. Cada lote foi constituído por cinco animais criados dos 60 aos 145 dias de idade, em uma baia de 7m². Os seguintes parâmetros ambientais foram medidos semanalmente: temperatura ambiente, umidade relativa e temperatura no centro da baia, na superfície (TSF e na metade da profundidade da cama (TMP, apenas em T1 e T2. O consumo de ração e o peso dos animais foram aferidos a cada quatro semanas. A temperatura ambiente e a umidade relativa não foram influenciadas pelos tratamentos (P>0,05. A TSF média foi de 22,8±3,6°C, sendo menor no T3 (P0,05. A TSF foi mais alta nas camas novas do que nas usadas (P<0,001 e nas primeiras camas em comparação com as segundas (P=0,03, aparentemente sendo mais alta nos lotes criados durante as fases termofílicas. A TMP média foi de 33,8 ± 10,8°C, sendo mais alta no T1 do que no T2 (P<0,05. A TMP também foi mais alta nas camas novas do que nas usadas (P<0,001 e nas primeiras camas em comparação com as segundas (P<0,05. Nenhum dos parâmetros de crescimento diferiu entre os tratamentos (P<0,05. Ainda que possam ocorrer condições de conforto térmico desfavoráveis aos animais, principalmente sob temperaturas mais elevadas, o sistema de criação sobre cama pode ser usado nos setores de crescimento e terminação sem prejuízo para o desempenho de crescimento.

Diffusion and the dynamics of displacive phase transitions in cryolite (Na3AlF6) and chiolite (Na5Al3F14): Multi-nuclear NMR studies

Science.gov (United States)

Spearing, Dane R.; Stebbins, Jonathan F.; Farnan, Ian

1994-10-01

Cryolite is a mixed-cation perovskite (Na2(NaAl)F6) which undergoes a monoclinic to orthorhombic displacive phase transition at ˜550° C. Chiolite (Na5Al3F14) is associated with cryolite in natural deposits, and consists of sheets of corner sharing [AlF6] octahedra interlayered with edge-sharing [NaF6] octahedra. Multi-nuclear NMR line shape and relaxation time (T1) studies were performed on cryolite and chiolite in order to gain a better understanding of the atomic motions associated with the phase transition in cryolite, and Na diffusion in cryolite and chiolite. 27Al, 23Na, and 19F static NMR spectra and T1's in cryolite suggest that oscillatory motions of the [AlF6] octahedra among four micro-twin and anti-phase domains in α-cryolite begin at least 150° C below the transition temperature and persist above it. Variable temperature 23Na MAS NMR further indicates diffusional exchange at a rate of at least 13 kHz between the Na sites by the time the transition temperature is reached. 27Al and 23Na T1's show the same behavior with increasing temperature, indicating the same relaxation mechanisms are responsible for both. The first order nature of the cryolite transition is apparent as a jump in the 23Na and 27Al T1's. Above the transition temperature, the T1's decrease slightly indicating that the motions responsible for the drop in T1, are still present above the transition, further supporting the dynamic nature of the high temperature phase of cryolite. Chiolite 23Na static spectra decrease in linewidth with increasing temperature, indicating increased Na diffusion, which is interpreted as occurring within the [NaF6] sheets in the chiolite structure, but not between the two different Na sites. 27Al and 23Na T1's show similar behavior as in cryolite, but there is no discontinuity due to a phase transition. 19F T1's are constant from room temperature to 150° C indicating no oscillatory motion of the [AlF6] octahedra in chiolite.

Adição de aparas de papel reciclável na fabricação de chapas de madeira aglomerada.

OpenAIRE

Leandro Calegari; Clovis R. Haselein; Marcos V. Barros; Tobias L. Scaravelli; Lourdes Patricia E. Dacosta; Cristiane Pedrazzi; Everton Hillig

2010-01-01

Neste trabalho, foram analisadas as propriedades físico-mecânicas de chapas aglomeradas produzidas com dois tipos de papel reciclável (papel jornal e offset) e partículas de madeira de Pinus elliottii Engelm. As aparas de papel foram usadas no colchão em dois diferentes formatos (tiras ou moídas) e em diferentes proporções: 0, 20, 40, 60 e 100% do peso seco das partículas. Utilizoaram-se 10% de adesivo à base de tanino-formaldeído na proporção 100:10. O experimento foi estabelecido segundo mo...

O papel do tamanho dos poros na biocompatibilidade de duas próteses de polipropileno usadas na retopexia pré-sacra estudo experimental em cães

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Greca Fernando Hintz

2000-01-01

Full Text Available A sacropromonto-fixação no tratamento do prolapso retal é freqüentemente realizada através do uso de telas, suturas ou associações destas com ressecções. O objetivo deste trabalho foi comparar a reação da parede retal em contato com duas telas macroporosas de polipropileno, bem como determinar a incorporação de colágeno às telas. Dezoito cães adultos, pesando entre 10 e 15 kg, divididos em 2 grupos de 9 animais, foram submetidos à laparotomia e retopexia pré-sacra, sendo a tela fixada com pontos de fio monofilamentar de náilon 3.0. No primeiro grupo utilizou-se a tela denominada X (porosidade = 4 mm x 3 mm, espessura = 0,2 mm e no segundo a tela de Prolene® (porosidade = 164 m x 96 m, espessura = 0,7 mm. No 30º dia de pós-operatório os animais foram sacrificados. A reação tissular foi avaliada macro e microscópicamente. Os parâmetros macroscópicos analisados foram: presença de seroma, hematoma, abscesso, fístula, estenose, aderência e não incorporação da tela. Na avaliação microscópica foram verificados: reação inflamatória, fibrose, presença de células gigantes e infiltração fibroblástica além da incorporação qualitativa e quantitativa de colágeno à tela. Verificou-se que na análise macroscópica e histológica as telas se comportaram de maneira semelhante. Já a densitometria do colágeno revelou maior incorporação de colágeno I (maduro na tela X, não havendo diferença significante quanto ao colágeno III (imaturo. Concluiu-se não haver diferença de parâmetros macroscópicos, histopatológicos ou de incorporação de colágeno III entre as duas telas. A tela com poros maiores incorporou mais colágeno I e consequentemente mais colágeno total.

Desmistificação da Linguagem Clara e Objetiva na Profissão de Secretariado Executivo

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Fernanda Cristina Back

2013-06-01

Full Text Available O presente estudo deteve-se à análise das publicações científicas da área – livros - e procurou investigar a problemática referente à linguagem. A análise das publicações científicas detectou “brechas” na linguagem usada nessa área. Salienta-se, aqui, o grande número de manuais, o que leva a uma prática técnica desse profissional, atuante somente como executor de tarefas. Daí a importância da mudança da linguagem dos manuais, já que ela constitui sujeitos (profissionais da área de Secretariado Executivo, e tem, no caso em questão, “construído” sujeitos dominados pelo verbo imperativo e não gestores de informações. Assim, é na perspectiva de gestor da informação que se vislumbra uma mudança na identidade desse profissional, através do uso da linguagem, visto que a linguagem constitui o sujeito e, desta forma, a identidade do profissional de Secretariado Executivo.DOI:10.7769/gesec.v4i1.125

Os desafios do desenvolvimento da engenharia genética na agricultura : percepção de riscos e regulação

OpenAIRE

Izaias de Carvalho Borges

2010-01-01

Resumo:Nos últimos 15 anos a engenharia genética vem sendo usada para o desenvolvimento de cultivos geneticamente modificados (GM) com diversos atributos de interesses para a produção agrícola, tais como tolerância a herbicidas, resistência a insetos e modificações nas características nutricionais de diversos cultivos. Os cultivos GM estão sendo utilizados na produção de produtos de grande importância no mercado mundial de commodities agrícolas, tais como algodão, milho e soja. Agricultores d...

Producción y caracterización de un anticuerpo policlonal dirigido contra la fosfoproteína del virus de la rabia

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Nadia Yadira Castañeda

2007-06-01

Materiales y métodos. El gen P que codifica para la proteína P del virus de la rabia, fue amplificado por reacción en cadena de la polimerasa de transcriptasa reversa y clonado en el vector de expresión PinPointTM Xa-1 T (PROMEGA. La proteína recombinante P fue expresada en E. coli purificada por cromatografía de afinidad y usada para la producción del anticuerpo policlonal anti-P. El anticuerpo obtenido fue purificado y caracterizado por inmunocitoquímica con un sistema enzimático, inmunofluorescencia, Cell-ELISA fluorométrica y Western blotting. Resultados. La proteína recombinante se expresó eficientemente como una proteína de fusión biotinilada de aproximadamente 50 kd, que corresponde a la forma completa de la proteína P del virus de la rabia. El anticuerpo policlonal anti-P detectó con alta especificidad la proteína P en cultivos de neuronas sensoriales infectados con el virus de la rabia. Conclusión. La proteína P recombinante expresada en E. coli se constituyó en un antígeno específico para producir un anticuerpo policlonal que reconoce la proteína P nativa en células infectadas con el virus de la rabia.

High resolution laser spectroscopy of the D lines of on-line produced 21Na, 22Na, 24Na, 25Na using a new high sensitivity method of detection of optical resonances

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Huber, G.; Thibault, G.; Klapisch, R.; Duong, H.T.; Vialle, J.L.; Pinard, I.; Juncar, P.; Jacquinot, P.

1975-01-01

A polyisotopic sodium beam of 21 - 25 Na, produced by spallation of Al, was illuminated by a tunable dye laser. The atomic beam, analyzed by a sixpole magnet is then ionized and detected after a mass spectrometer. The results are the isotope shifts, nuclear magnetic moment and quadrupole moment of 25 Na [fr

Thermal expansion of the nuclear fuel-sodium reaction product Na3(U0.84(2),Na0.16(2))O4 - Structural mechanism and comparison with related sodium-metal ternary oxides

Science.gov (United States)

Illy, Marie-Claire; Smith, Anna L.; Wallez, Gilles; Raison, Philippe E.; Caciuffo, Roberto; Konings, Rudy J. M.

2017-07-01

Na3.16(2)UV,VI0.84(2)O4 is obtained from the reaction of sodium with uranium dioxide under oxygen potential conditions typical of a sodium-cooled fast nuclear reactor. In the event of a breach of the steel cladding, it would be the dominant reaction product forming at the rim of the mixed (U,Pu)O2 fuel pellets. High-temperature X-ray diffraction measurements show that a distortion of the uranium environment in Na3.16(2)UV,VI0.84(2)O4 results in a strongly anisotropic thermal expansion. A comparison with several related sodium metallates Nan-2Mn+On-1 - including Na3SbO4 and Na3TaO4, whose crystal structures are reported for the first time - has allowed us to assess the role played in the lattice expansion by the Mn+ cation radius and the Na/M ratio. On this basis, the thermomechanical behavior of the title compound is discussed, along with those of several related double oxides of sodium and actinide elements, surrogate elements, or fission products.

Efetividade da "multimistura" como suplemento de dietas deficientes em vitaminas e/ou minerais na recuperação ponderal de ratos submetidos à desnutrição pós-natal

OpenAIRE

Ferreira,Haroldo da Silva; Assunção,Monica Lopes de; França,Adijane Oliveira Santos de; Cardoso,Eliana Paiva Cunha; Moura,Fabiana Andréa

2005-01-01

OBJETIVO: Avaliar a efetividade da "multimistura", usada como suplemento de dietas deficientes em vitaminas, deficientes em minerais, ou deficientes em vitaminas e minerais, na recuperação ponderal de ratos desnutridos. MÉTODOS: Após o desmame, 56 ratos Wistar, submetidos à desnutrição pós-natal, foram aleatoriamente distribuídos em 7 grupos diferenciados segundo o tipo de dieta oferecida: controle, dietas deficientes em vitaminas, deficientes em minerais, deficientes em vitaminas e minerais ...

Nuclear pore complex-mediated modulation of TCR signaling is required for naïve CD4+ T cell homeostasis.

Science.gov (United States)

Borlido, Joana; Sakuma, Stephen; Raices, Marcela; Carrette, Florent; Tinoco, Roberto; Bradley, Linda M; D'Angelo, Maximiliano A

2018-05-07

Nuclear pore complexes (NPCs) are channels connecting the nucleus with the cytoplasm. We report that loss of the tissue-specific NPC component Nup210 causes a severe deficit of naïve CD4 + T cells. Nup210-deficient CD4 + T lymphocytes develop normally but fail to survive in the periphery. The decreased survival results from both an impaired ability to transmit tonic T cell receptor (TCR) signals and increased levels of Fas, which sensitize Nup210 -/- naïve CD4 + T cells to Fas-mediated cell death. Mechanistically, Nup210 regulates these processes by modulating the expression of Cav2 (encoding Caveolin-2) and Jun at the nuclear periphery. Whereas the TCR-dependent and CD4 + T cell-specific upregulation of Cav2 is critical for proximal TCR signaling, cJun expression is required for STAT3-dependent repression of Fas. Our results uncover an unexpected role for Nup210 as a cell-intrinsic regulator of TCR signaling and T cell homeostasis and expose NPCs as key players in the adaptive immune system.

The CERES / NA45 experiment

CERN Multimedia

Laurent Guiraud

2000-01-01

Ceres is one of the second generation heavy ion experiments at CERN's SPS. It is dedicated to the study of electron-positron pairs in relativistic nuclear collisions. NA45 is one of the seven experiments (NA44, NA45, NA49, NA50, NA52, WA97/NA57 and WA98) involved in CERN's Heavy Ion programme which provided evidence for the existence of a new state of matter, the quark-gluon plasma. In this state, quarks, instead of being bound up into more complex particles such as protons and neutrons, are liberated and roam freely. Theory predicts that this state must have existed at about 10 microseconds after the Big Bang, before the formation of matter as we know it today.

Emprego experimental da placa de compósito poli-hidroxibutirado/hidroxiapatita na fixação femoral em gatos

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

E.G.L. Alves

2010-10-01

Full Text Available Avaliou-se o compósito de poli-hidroxibutirado (PHB 70% e hidroxiapatita (HA 30% na forma de placas para fixação óssea em gatos. Foram usadas placas do compósito com 60mm de comprimento por 10mm de largura e espessura variando de 3mm no centro a 5mm nas extremidades, com seis orifícios. A placa do compósito foi empregada na fixação de osteotomia de fêmur em quatro gatos, totalizando seis intervenções. Verificou-se a ruptura de cinco placas (83,3% até o quarto dia e de uma placa (16,7% aos 21 dias, quando se observou um calo ósseo exuberante. O resultado da implantação da placa no gato mostrou que o compósito não possui resistência suficiente para ser empregado como placas de fixação de fêmur em gatos.

Estudo da modelagem molecular do receptor canabinóide CB1 e suas interações com o ∆9 - THC

OpenAIRE

Emmanuela Ferreira de Lima

2009-01-01

Marihuana (Cannabis sativa) é uma planta amplamente usada pelo ser humano há séculos e suas várias aplicações têm benefícios importantes. A planta Cannabis sativa tem sido usada pelo homem como comida, em práticas medicinais e rituais religiosos. Seus efeitos incluem analgesia, alteração na percepção, cognição, memória e atividade psicomotora. Os compostos canabinoides têm sido usados na quimioterapia do câncer e AIDS. No entanto, o uso da marijuana é um problema devido aos seus efeitos indes...

Characterization of sodium transport in Acholeplasma laidlawii B cells and in lipid vesicles containing purified A. laidlawii (Na+-Mg2+)-ATPase by using nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy and 22Na tracer techniques

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Mahajan, S.; Lewis, R.N.; George, R.; Sykes, B.D.; McElhaney, R.N.

1988-01-01

The active transport of sodium ions in live Acholeplasma laidlawii B cells and in lipid vesicles containing the (Na+-Mg2+)-ATPase from the plasma membrane of this microorganism was studied by 23Na nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopic and 22 Na tracer techniques, respectively. In live A. laidlawii B cells, the transport of sodium was an active process in which metabolic energy was harnessed for the extrusion of sodium ions against a concentration gradient. The process was inhibited by low temperatures and by the formation of gel state lipid in the plasma membrane of this organism. In reconstituted proteoliposomes containing the purified (Na+-Mg2+)-ATPase, the hydrolysis of ATP was accompanied by the transport of sodium ions into the lipid vesicles, and the transport process was impaired by reagents known to inhibit ATPase activity. At the normal growth temperature (37 degrees C), this transport process required a maximum of 1 mol of ATP per mol of sodium ion transported. Together, these results provide direct experimental evidence that the (Na+-Mg2+)-ATPase of the Acholeplasma laidlawii B membrane is the cation pump which maintains the low levels of intracellular sodium characteristic of this microorganism

O Rio e as cidades: uma análise exploratória de dependências e alcances das comunidades do Arapiuns (Pará-Brasil) e da formação do urbano na Amazônia

OpenAIRE

Ana Paula Dal’Asta; Silvana Amaral; Antônio Miguel Vieira Monteiro

2014-01-01

Considerando as comunidades ribeirinhas dos rios Arapiuns, Maró e Aruã, no SudoesteParaense como unidades socioespaciais que estruturam o fenômeno urbano na escala local, este artigo apresenta uma análise dos dados de campo que as descrevem. Questionáriossemiestruturados aplicados a 49 comunidades proveram 32 variáveis, usadas para compor cinco indicadores, que descrevem as condições de infraestrutura, saúde e educação, presença do estado, us...

Use of Piaget's theory in preschool nutrition education Uso da teoria de Piaget na educação nutricional de pré-escolares

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Hatice Başkale

2009-12-01

Full Text Available The preschool period is a time when children learn many concepts and develop life-long habits. In that period, children learn about appropriate and balanced nutrition and acquire good eating habits for later years. Piaget determined that children's cognitive development is important for their understanding of and learning about the world around them. Piaget's theory can be used as a guide in nutrition education. In fact, it helps to design effective nutrition education appropriate for the developmental stages of childhood. The purpose of this article is to describe Piaget's theory and nutrition education based on this theory. This article will discuss how Piaget's theory is to be used in the development of nutritional habits of preschool children and will make an attempt to provide a viewpoint for those who provide nutrition education.O período pré-escolar é uma época na qual a criança aprende muitos conceitos e desenvolve hábitos que persistem a vida toda. Nesta época, a criança aprende sobre nutrição adequada e balanceada e adquire bons hábitos alimentares para os anos seguintes. Piaget estabeleceu que o desenvolvimento cognitivo de uma criança é importante para a compreensão e o aprendizado do mundo que a cerca. A teoria de Piaget pode ser usada como um guia na educação nutricional. De fato, a teoria ajuda a elaborar uma educação nutricional apropriada para os estágios de desenvolvimento infantis. O objetivo deste artigo é descrever a teoria de Piaget e a educação nutricional com base nesta teoria. Este artigo discutirá como a teoria de Piaget pode ser usada no desenvolvimento dos hábitos nutricionais de pré-escolares na tentativa de apresentar um panorama aos profissionais envolvidos com a educação nutricional.

Estudo da influência de resíduos catalíticos na degradação de plásticos reciclados (Blenda HDPE/PP e PET provenientes de lixo urbano

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Santos Amélia S. F.

1999-01-01

Full Text Available A degradação derivada do processamento, uso, descarte, lavagem e reprocessamento foram caracterizados neste estudo. Para o HDPE/PP pós-consumo, a degradação foi estudada em função da presença de garrafas de HDPE/LDPE reprocessadas (recicladas e da presença de tampas e rótulos de LDPE e PP. Esses materiais mostraram uma influência significativa na degradação total de HDPE/PP apenas quando presentes em conjunto. Os resíduos que apresentaram menor estabilidade termo-oxidativa foram os rótulos e tampas de LDPE e PP. As análises usadas na caracterização da influência destes resíduos foram espectroscopia do Infra-vermelho (IR e Calorimetria Diferencial Exploratória (tempo de indução oxidativa - OIT. Além disso, a degradação do PET foi estudada em função das condições de lavagem e da presença de resíduos de soda cáustica e adesivo. Foram usadas medidas de viscosidade intrínseca e de titulação para caracterizar estas variáveis. Foi observado que apesar do uso de altas temperaturas (80 ºC durante a lavagem, a extensão de tempo desta etapa (5 ou 15 min não afetou a degradação do PET, pelo menos não em níveis detectáveis pelas análises. No entanto, a remoção do resíduo de adesivo mostrou uma influência significativa na degradação catalítica do PET.

Palmeras usadas por los indígenas Asháninkas en la Amazonía Peruana

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Joanna Sosnowska

2011-05-01

Full Text Available El presente artículo muestra el conocimiento e importancia de las palmeras en la vida de los nativos Asháninkas. Presentamos una descripción cualitativa y cuantitativa de 32 entrevistas, obtenidos durante la visita a siete comunidades nativas ubicadas en los márgenes de los ríos Perené y Tambo en el departamento Junín, Perú. Registramos 15 especies de palmeras usadas por los Asháninkas, agrupadas bajo cinco categorías de uso: alimenticio, construcción, herramienta, ornamental y medicinal. Las especies con usos más amplios son: Attalea phalerata, Bactris gasipaes, Oenocarpus bataua y Socratea exorhiza. Las partes de las palmeras más utilizadas son los frutos, principalmente gracias a su valor comestible. La cercanía de las comunidades Asháninkas del valle del Perené a ciudades, influirían en un cambio en el tipo de vida tradicional, donde las palmeras son los más importantes recursos naturales utilizados por ellos. Sin embargo, en las comunidades del valle Tambo la vida tradicional, el conocimiento y practica en el uso de las palmeras esta aún vital

Nuclear spin phonon relaxation by Raman process in Na{sub 3}H(SO{sub 4}){sub 2} single crystals with the electric-quadrupole-type interaction using {sup 1}H and {sup 23}Na NMR

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Lim, Ae Ran [Department of Science Education, Jeonju University, Jeonju 560-759, Chonbuk (Korea, Republic of)], E-mail: aeranlim@hanmail.net; Shin, Chang Woo [Solid State Analysis Team, Korea Basic Science Institute, Daegu 702-701 (Korea, Republic of)

2008-11-30

Successive phase transitions in a Na{sub 3}H(SO{sub 4}){sub 2} single crystal were found at 296, 513, and 533 K. To investigate the mechanism of the phase transition at 296 K, the {sup 1}H and {sup 23}Na spin-lattice relaxation time and the spin-spin relaxation time of Na{sub 3}H(SO{sub 4}){sub 2} were measured near the phase transition temperature using a FT NMR spectrometer. The spin-lattice relaxation time, T{sub 1}, for {sup 1}H in Na{sub 3}H(SO{sub 4}){sub 2} crystals exhibits a minimum below T{sub C1} (=296 K) indicating the presence of distinct molecular motion governed by the Bloembergen-Purcell-Pound (BPP) theory. Although the results for the {sup 1}H and {sup 23}Na relaxation times provide no evidence of the phase transition at T{sub C1}, the separation of the {sup 23}Na resonance lines changes abruptly at T{sub C1}. The phase transition at 296 K produces a change in the separation of the Na resonance line that is associated with a change in the atomic positions in the vicinity of the Na ions. Also, the nuclear spin-lattice relaxation process in Na{sub 3}H(SO{sub 4}){sub 2} crystals with the electric-quadrupole-type interaction proceed via Raman process. These results are compared with those obtained for other M{sub 3}H(SO{sub 4}){sub 2} (M=K, Rb, and Cs) crystals, which have similar hydrogen-bonded structures.

Consumo de cafeína e prematuridade Caffeine intake and prematurity

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Rita Adriana Gomes de Souza

2005-10-01

Full Text Available A cafeína (1, 3, 7-trimetilxantina é uma metilxantina que facilmente atravessa a barreira placentária, com quantidades substanciais passando para o líquido amniótico, sangue do cordão umbilical, plasma e urina dos neonatos. As maiores fontes de cafeína são café, chá, chocolate e refrigerantes do tipo cola. Além disso, cerca de mil drogas prescritas e 2 mil drogas não prescritas contêm cafeína, e 25 dessas drogas podem ser usadas na gravidez. Embora estudos em animais indiquem que a cafeína leve à diminuição no crescimento intrauterino fetal, redução do peso ao nascer, reabsorção fetal e teratogênese, nos estudos epidemiológicos os achados são, ainda, inconclusivos. Pelo fato de os alimentos com cafeína serem amplamente consumidos na gravidez, é importante avaliar se o uso dessa substância está associado com a redução da idade gestacional. Este artigo examina o conhecimento atual do consumo de cafeína durante a gravidez, abordando os estudos epidemiológicos sobre a associação entre consumo de cafeína e prematuridade, as fontes de cafeína e seu consumo na gravidez, a bioquímica, a fisiopatologia e a plausibilidade biológica da associação e as principais limitações dos estudos sobre cafeína e prematuridade.Caffeine (1, 3, 7-trimethylxanthine is a methylxanthine that easily crosses the placental barrier, substantial amounts passing into the amniotic fluid, umbilical cord blood, and the plasma and urine of the neonates. The main sources of caffeine are coffee, tea, chocolate and cola soft drinks. Moreover, about 1000 prescribed drugs and 2000 non-prescribed drugs contain caffeine, and 25 of these drugs can be used during pregnancy. Although animal studies indicate that caffeine leads to a decrease in fetal intrauterine growth, low birth weight, fetal re-absorption and teratogenesis, these findings are still inconclusive in the epidemiological studies. Since foods containing caffeine are widely consumed

22 Na positron source for annihilation positron spectroscopy

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Cimpeanu, Catalina; Craciun, L.; Dragulescu, E.; Dudu, D.; Racolta, P. M.; Voiculescu, Dana; Miron, N.

2003-01-01

To extend the nuclear physics applications and to perform the study of vacancy - type defects in metals, semiconductors, polymers etc., we decided to promote positron annihilation techniques. In order to achieve this goal we started a project of dedicated positron sources produced at the IFIN-HH U-120 Cyclotron. We have used the nuclear reaction: 24 Mg(d,α) 22 Na with deuterons of 13 MeV energy. The paper presents the main characteristics of this procedure, as follows: general conditions asked for 22 NaCl sources, reactive chamber and characteristics of Mg target, parameters for the irradiation, radiochemical procedures for separating Na from Mg after the irradiation and geometrical or mechanical requirements for dedicated NaCl source for positron annihilation spectrometry. In the e + lifetime measurements, the e + end - start signals may be obtained from prompt γ -quanta emitted from the NaCl source (1. 275 MeV photons). The 22 NaCl stock solution obtained by radiochemical separation will be kept in quartz sealed ampoules in dry places and will be dropped between the study materials before the use in positron spectrometry. (authors)

22 Na positron source for annihilation positron spectroscopy

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Cimpeanu, Catalina; Craciun, Liviu; Dragulescu, Emilian; Dudu, Dorin; Racolta, Petre Mihai; Voiculescu, Dana; Miron, N.

2005-01-01

To extend the nuclear physics applications and to perform the study of vacancy - type defects in metals, semiconductors, polymers, etc., we developed new positron annihilation techniques. In line with this goal we started a project for production of positron sources at the IFIN-HH U-120 Cyclotron. We made use of the nuclear reaction: 24 Mg(d,α) 22 Na with deuterons of 13 MeV energy. The paper present the main steps of this procedure which are: establishing the conditions required for 22 NaCl sources, for the parameters of reaction chamber and the characteristics of Mg target, parameters for the irradiation, radiochemical procedures for separation of Na from Mg after irradiation as well as the geometrical and mechanical requirements for the NaCl source. In the e + lifetime measurements the e + 'stop' signals are always provided by gamma - quanta generated by the e + e - annihilation and the 'start' signals are obtained from 'prompt' gamma - quanta emitted by the NaCl source (1.275 MeV photons). The 22 NaCl stock solution obtained by radiochemical separation will be kept in quartz sealed ampoules. (authors)

1H nuclear magnetic resonance studies of the conformation of an ATP analogue at the active site of Na,K-ATPase from kidney medulla

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Stewart, J.M.M.; Grisham, C.M.

1988-01-01

1 H nuclear magnetic relaxation measurements have been used to determine the three-dimensional conformation of an ATP analogue, Co(NH 3 ) 4 ATP, at the active site of sheep kidney Na,K-ATPase. Previous studies have shown that Co(NH 4 ) 4 ATP is a competitive inhibitor with respect to MnATP for the Na,K-ATPase and that Mn 2+ bound to a single, high-affinity site on the ATPase can be an effective paramagnetic probe for nuclear relaxation studies of the Na-K-ATPase. From the paramagnetic effect of Mn 2+ bound to the APTase on the longitudinal relaxation rates of the protons of Co(NH 3 ) 4 ATP at the substrate site (at 300 and 361 MHz), Mn-H distances to seven protons on the bound nucleotide were determined. Taken together with previous 31 P nuclear relaxation data, these measurements are consistent with a single nucleotide conformation at the active site. The nucleotide adopts a bent configuration, in which the triphosphate chain lies nearly parallel to the adenine moiety. The glycosidic torsion angle is 35 0 , and the conformation of the ribose ring is slightly N-type. The bound Mn 2+ lies above and in the plane of the adenine ring. The distances from Mn 2+ to N 6 and N 7 are too large for first coordination sphere complexes but are appropriate for second-sphere complexes involving, for example, intervening hydrogen-bonded water molecules. The NMR data also indicate that the structure of the bound ATP analogue is independent of the conformational state of the enzyme

Scintillation efficiency measurement of Na recoils in NaI(Tl) below the DAMA/LIBRA energy threshold

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Xu, Jingke; Shields, Emily; Calaprice, Frank; Westerdale, Shawn; Froborg, Francis; Suerfu, Burkhant; Alexander, Thomas; Aprahamian, Ani; Back, Henning O.; Casarella, Clark; Fang, Xiao; Gupta, Yogesh K.; Ianni, Aldo; Lamere, Edward; Lippincott, W. Hugh; Liu, Qian; Lyons, Stephanie; Siegl, Kevin; Smith, Mallory; Tan, Wanpeng; Kolk, Bryant Vande

2015-07-01

The dark matter interpretation of the DAMA modulation signal depends on the NaI(Tl) scintillation efficiency of nuclear recoils. Previous measurements for Na recoils have large discrepancies, especially in the DAMA/LIBRA modulation energy region. We report a quenching effect measurement of Na recoils in NaI(Tl) from 3 to 52 keVnr, covering the whole DAMA/LIBRA energy region for dark matter-Na scattering interpretations. By using a low-energy, pulsed neutron beam, a double time-of-flight technique, and pulse-shape discrimination methods, we obtained the most accurate measurement of this kind for NaI(Tl) to date. The results differ significantly from the DAMA reported values at low energies but fall between the other previous measurements. We present the implications of the new quenching results for the dark matter interpretation of the DAMA modulation signal.

Seasonal variation in the environmental background level of cosmic ray produced 22Na

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Tokuyama, Hideki; Igarashi, Shuichi

1998-01-01

22 Na (half life 2.6 year) is produced by cosmic rays, nuclear test and reactor. 7 Be (half life 53.3 day) is produced in atmosphere by reaction. 7 Be/ 22 Na activity ratio is good factor to observe the mixing process between stratosphere and troposphere atmosphere. The seasonal variation of 7 Be and 22 Na deposition, the ratio and the background level of 22 Na deposition were observed in Fukui city and reported in this paper. Very large reasonable change of 22 Na deposition was observed, especially the largest peak in winter. Because the concentration of cosmic-ray-produced nuclear in precipitation and the amount of precipitation were large in winter. 22 Na produced by the previous nuclear test was attenuated. The present 22 Na is only produced by cosmic rays, indicating the background level. 22 Na deposition at Fukui was 0.42Bq m -2 y -1 , one ten-thousandth of 7 Be deposition. 7 Be/ 22 Na activity ratio was changed in season and the largest peak was shown in autumn. In this reason, atmosphere showed relatively short residence time in the lower part of stratosphere, Mixture and exchange of atmosphere between stratosphere and troposphere were the most active in autumn. (S.Y.)

Análise de polissacaridos da parede celular da laranja por quimimetria

OpenAIRE

Barros, Mário Jorge Oliveira

2004-01-01

O objectivo deste trabalho é a aplicação de técnicas estatísticas multivariadas com potencial aplicação no controlo de qualidade analítica. Estas técnicas estatísticas foram usadas na análise de dados químicos e espectroscópicos de polissacáridos da parede celular da polpa da laranja. Na primeira parte deste texto é feita a exposição de algumas técnicas matemáticas e estatísticas que são usadas de forma mais ou menos frequente em química analítica. Algumas destas técnicas são descrit...

Characterisation of Ba(OH){sub 2}–Na{sub 2}SO{sub 4}–blast furnace slag cement-like composites for the immobilisation of sulfate bearing nuclear wastes

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Mobasher, Neda; Bernal, Susan A.; Hussain, Oday H. [Immobilisation Science Laboratory, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, The University of Sheffield, Sheffield S1 3JD (United Kingdom); Apperley, David C. [Solid-State NMR Group, Department of Chemistry, Durham University, Durham DH1 3LE (United Kingdom); Kinoshita, Hajime [Immobilisation Science Laboratory, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, The University of Sheffield, Sheffield S1 3JD (United Kingdom); Provis, John L., E-mail: j.provis@sheffield.ac.uk [Immobilisation Science Laboratory, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, The University of Sheffield, Sheffield S1 3JD (United Kingdom)

2014-12-15

Soluble sulfate ions in nuclear waste can have detrimental effects on cementitious wasteforms and disposal facilities based on Portland cement. As an alternative, Ba(OH){sub 2}–Na{sub 2}SO{sub 4}–blast furnace slag composites are studied for immobilisation of sulfate-bearing nuclear wastes. Calcium aluminosilicate hydrate (C–A–S–H) with some barium substitution is the main binder phase, with barium also present in the low solubility salts BaSO{sub 4} and BaCO{sub 3}, along with Ba-substituted calcium sulfoaluminate hydrates, and a hydrotalcite-type layered double hydroxide. This reaction product assemblage indicates that Ba(OH){sub 2} and Na{sub 2}SO{sub 4} act as alkaline activators and control the reaction of the slag in addition to forming insoluble BaSO{sub 4}, and this restricts sulfate availability for further reaction as long as sufficient Ba(OH){sub 2} is added. An increased content of Ba(OH){sub 2} promotes a higher degree of reaction, and the formation of a highly cross-linked C–A–S–H gel. These Ba(OH){sub 2}–Na{sub 2}SO{sub 4}–blast furnace slag composite binders could be effective in the immobilisation of sulfate-bearing nuclear wastes.

/sup 14/N nuclear quadrupole resonance in ferroelectric sodium nitrite NaNO/sub 2/

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Singh, S; Singh, K [Defence Science Lab., Delhi (India)

1974-06-01

Nuclear quadrupole resonance has been studied in ferroelectric sodium nitrite (NaNO/sub 2/) from 77 K to its phase transition point 437 K. The three rotational frequencies ..omega../sub c/ = 190 cm/sup -1/, ..omega../sub b/ = 120 cm/sup -1/ and ..omega../sub c/ = 227 cm/sup -1/ and their temperature variation when fitted in the Bayer-Kushida theory predict the temperature dependence of nqr frequencies reasonably well. A second order phase transition is found to occur at 180 K which is in confirmity with the one found earlier from thermal expansion and dielectric studies. The shift in resonance frequencies is seen to occur mainly by rotation around the 'c' axis and hence it is inferred that the mechanism of polarization reversal is intimately connected with orientational motion about 'c' axis. (auth)

Professional Nuclear Materials Management; Gestion Industrielle des Matieres Nucleaires; Obrashchenie s yadernymi materialami na professional'nom urovne; Administracion Eficiente de Materiales Nucleares

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Forcella, A. A.; O' Leary, W. J. [Allis-Chalmers Manufacturing Company, Bethesda, MD (United States)

1966-02-15

manipulacion y su transporte resulten economicos y sea facil sustituirlos. La programacion de las operaciones de fabricacion debera reducir al mfnimo las perdidas de ingresos debidas a un almacenamiento improductivo excesivamente largo de materiales de costo elevado. Para la etapa de su empleo en el reactor, sera necesario un programa adecuado de redistribucion de los elementos combustibles a fin de lograr el grado maximo de combustion del material fisionable. Ademas, habra que reducir en la medida de lo posible los paros improductivos del reactor debidos a la redistribucion del combustible, a las inspecciones, etc. Cuando el combustible haya llegado a un grado predeterminado de agotamiento, el administrador tendra que disponer la forma mas economica de regeneracion de los materiales fisionables y de recuperacion de los subproductos. La administracion de materiales nucleares es por consiguiente un factor esencial para la reduccion de los costos del ciclo del combustible y para lograr que el costo unitario de la energia producida resulte economicamente interesante. (author) [Russian] Daets ja opisanie ob{sup e}ma rabot na tipichnom jenergetichesko m reaktore v SShA. Poskol'ku jetot reaktor finansiruetsja chastnym kapitalom, odna iz osnovnyh objazannostej operatora sostoit v obespechenii sohrannosti kapitalovlozhenij i poluchenii opredelennoj pribyli. Vvidu bol'shoj sebestoimosti jadernyh materialov neobhodimo postojanno obespechivat' nadlezhashhuju bezopasnost' i uchet s cel'ju svedenija k minimumu poter', ne svjazannyh s obespe- cheniem bezopasnosti i ucheta jadernyh materialov. Neobhodimo vse tshhatel'no produmyvat' i planirovat' zaranee, chtoby izbegat' nenuzhnyh zatrat i rashodovanija kapitala ili snizhe- nija razmerov pribyli v rjade oblastej. Pojetomu administrator, vedajushhij jadernymi materialami, dolzhen zaranee uchityvat' vse nepredvidennye obstojatel'stva i osushhestvljat' postojannyj kontrol' nad otklonenijami ot standartov pri planirovanii vo vremja a

"Avaliação da poluição atmosférica por metais na região metropolitana de São Paulo utilizando a Bromélia Tillandsia Usneoides L. como biomonitor"

OpenAIRE

Cláudio Ailton Nogueira

2006-01-01

Tillandsia usneoides L. é uma bromélia que vive em árvores ou em outros substratos inertes, absorvendo água e nutrientes diretamente do ambiente, sem apresentar raízes. Devido às suas características morfológicas e fisiológicas, esta espécie acumula os poluentes presentes na atmosfera. No presente trabalho, Tillandsia usneoides foi usada como biomonitor de poluição atmosférica por metais em São Paulo, Brasil, que é a maior cidade da América do Sul, com uma população de cerca de 18 milhões de ...

Comparação das técnicas transarterial e de estimulação de múltiplos nervos para bloqueio do plexo braquial por via axilar usando lidocaína com epinefrina

OpenAIRE

Imbelloni, Luiz Eduardo; Beato, Lúcia; Cordeiro, José Antônio

2005-01-01

JUSTIFICATIVA E OBJETIVOS: A técnica transarterial com grandes doses de anestésico local resulta em alta efetividade para o bloqueio axilar do plexo braquial. A técnica utilizando múltiplos estímulos exige mais tempo e maior experiência. Este estudo prospectivo compara a latência e o índice de sucesso do bloqueio do plexo braquial usando duas técnicas de localização: transarterial ou múltipla estimulação dos nervos. MÉTODO: A lidocaína com epinefrina, 800 mg, foi usada inicialmente para o blo...

22 Na positron source for annihilation positron spectroscopy

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Cimpeanu, Catalina; Craciun, L.; Dragulescu, E.; Dudu, D.; Racolta, P.M.; Voiculescu, Dana; Miron, N.

2002-01-01

To extend the nuclear physics applications and to perform the study of vacancy - type defects in metals, semiconductors, polymers etc., we decided to promote positron annihilation techniques. In order to achieve this goal we started a project of dedicated positron sources produced at the IFIN-HH U-120 Cyclotron. We have used the nuclear reaction 24 Mg(d,α) 22 Na and deuterons of 13 MeV energy. The paper presents the main steps of this procedure like: general conditions required for 22 NaCl sources, reactive chamber and characteristics of Mg target, parameters for the irradiation, radiochemical procedures to separate Na from Mg after the irradiation and geometrical or mechanical requirements for dedicated NaCl source for positron annihilation spectrometry. In the e + lifetime measurements the e + 'death - stop' signals are always provided by γ - quanta generated by the e + e - annihilation and the 'birth - start' signals may be obtained from 'prompt' γ - quanta emitted from the NaCl source (the 1.275 MeV photons). The 22 NaCl stock solution obtained by radiochemical separation will be kept in the sealed quartz vials in dry places and will be dropped between the studied materials before use in positron spectrometry. (authors)

Regressões Logísticas Múltiplas: fatores que influenciam sua aplicação na predição de classes de solos

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Alexandre ten Caten

2011-02-01

Full Text Available Métodos mais eficazes para determinação do padrão de distribuição de classes de solo na paisagem precisam ser avaliados visando suprir a demanda por mapas de solo em escalas regional e global. Neste estudo, Regressões Logísticas Múltiplas foram utilizadas como modelos preditores em uma aplicação de Mapeamento Digital de Solos. Os modelos foram gerados utilizando um mapa de solos existente como variável dependente e atributos de terreno como variáveis independentes, o que possibilitou determinar a probabilidade de encontrar classes de solo na paisagem no primeiro e no segundo nível categórico do SiBCS. A qualidade dos mapas preditos foi verificada por meio da matriz de contingência. A classe dos Argissolos foi predita corretamente, em relação ao mapa original, em aproximadamente 85 %. As classes de solos hidromórficos (Planossolos e Gleissolos foram preditas corretamente em 75 %. Houve confundimento dos modelos para as classes que ocupam posições muito semelhantes na paisagem. Foi verificado também que classes de solo pouco representativas na paisagem não são adequadamente espacializadas em razão da sensibilidade dos modelos logísticos à proporção relativa das amostras usadas para treinar os modelos.

Influência da cera de carnaúba no comportamento reológico de misturas usadas na moldagem por injeção em baixa pressão

OpenAIRE

P. A. Ourique; R. C. D. Cruz; J. E. Zorzi

2015-01-01

A moldagem por injeção em baixa pressão (MIBP) tem algumas vantagens sobre outros métodos de conformação de peças cerâmicas com formas complexas. Dentre as vantagens estão os menores custos na produção de lotes pequenos e médios e o menor desgaste de moldes e equipamento. Neste trabalho, foi estudado o efeito de um dos aditivos orgânicos usados na MIBP, a cera de carnaúba, no comportamento reológico da mistura (feedstock). O pó cerâmico utilizado foi uma alumina, com tamanho de partícula em t...

NaK handling and removal

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Desreumaux, J.; Rodriguez, G.; Guigon, A.; Verdelli, J.; Thomine, G.

1997-01-01

Sodium-potassium alloy is used in specific application in French Fast Breeder Reactors as: cold traps, NaK bubbler for argon purification, valves and also in experimental irradiation devices. lt has been preferred to sodium because it is liquid from + 7 deg. C for the most common peritectic alloy. After its use, NaK is considered as a hazardous waste (nuclear or not) due to its high reactivity with air and water. The most important risk remains in handling NaK systems which have not been operated for some time. The NaK will be covered with a crust of the superoxide K02 which is a strong oxidising agent. Thermodynamically, K02 will react with most organic material or metallic dust or swarfs and can also react with additional NaK to give sufficient heat to boil part of the NaK, resulting in a sudden increase in pressure and small explosions. We describe the formation given to experimenters in our Sodium School and the CEA's experience in treating specific devices for transportation, decanting of tanks, tank opening and NaK removal. (author)

Estudo comparativo entre clonidina associada à bupivacaína e bupivacaína isolada em bloqueio de plexo cervical para endarterectomia de carótida Estudio comparativo entre la clonidina asociada a la bupivacaína y la bupivacaína aislada en bloqueo de plexo cervical para endarterectomía de carótida A comparative study between bupivacaine and clonidine associated with bupivacaine in cervical plexus block for carotid endarterectomy

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Walter Pinto Neto

2009-08-01

Full Text Available JUSTIFICATIVA E OBJETIVOS: O bloqueio de plexo cervical permite avaliação neurológica durante a endarterctomia, além de manter analgesia pós-operatória. A clonidina é agonista alfa2 com efeito analgésico em diferentes bloqueios. O objetivo deste estudo foi comparar o efeito analgésico da clonidina com bupivacaína em relação à bupivacaína isolada em bloqueio de plexo cervical. MÉTODO: Foram avaliados 30 pacientes de forma aleatória e duplamente-encoberta divididos em dois grupos: G1 recebeu 1,5 mg.kg-1 de bupivacaína a 0,375% associados a 150 ¼g de clonidina (2 mL e G2, 1,5 mg.kg-1 de bupivacaína a 0,375% associados à solução fisiológica (2 mL. Foram avaliados: frequência cardíaca e pressão arterial nos momentos 0 (bloqueio, 30, 60, 90 e 120 minutos; necessidade de complementação anestésica; momento para primeira complementação analgésica; quantidade de analgésico usada e intensidade da dor nos momentos 0 (término da operação, 30, 60, 120, 240 e 360 minutos. RESULTADOS: A complementação anestésica com lidocaína foi de 3,8 mL no G1 e 3,6 mL no G2 sem diferença estatística significativa. O momento para a primeira complementação foi de 302,6 ± 152,6 minutos no G1, e de 236,6 ± 132,9 minutos no G2, sem diferença significativa. Não houve diferença na dose de dipirona e tramadol usada. Não houve diferença na intensidade da dor entre os grupos. CONCLUSÃO: A associação de 150 ¼g de clonidina à bupivacaína em bloqueio de plexo cervical para endarterectomia de carótida não promoveu melhora significativa do efeito analgésico avaliado por intensidade da dor, primeira complementação analgésica e quantidade de analgésico complementar.JUSTIFICATIVA Y OBJETIVOS: El bloqueo de plexo cervical permite la evaluación neurológica durante la endarterectomía, además de mantener la analgesia postoperatoria. La clonidina es agonista alfa-2 con un efecto analgésico en diferentes bloqueos. El objetivo de

The nuclear reaction model code MEDICUS

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Ibishia, A.I.

2008-01-01

The new computer code MEDICUS has been used to calculate cross sections of nuclear reactions. The code, implemented in MATLAB 6.5, Mathematica 5, and Fortran 95 programming languages, can be run in graphical and command line mode. Graphical User Interface (GUI) has been built that allows the user to perform calculations and to plot results just by mouse clicking. The MS Windows XP and Red Hat Linux platforms are supported. MEDICUS is a modern nuclear reaction code that can compute charged particle-, photon-, and neutron-induced reactions in the energy range from thresholds to about 200 MeV. The calculation of the cross sections of nuclear reactions are done in the framework of the Exact Many-Body Nuclear Cluster Model (EMBNCM), Direct Nuclear Reactions, Pre-equilibrium Reactions, Optical Model, DWBA, and Exciton Model with Cluster Emission. The code can be used also for the calculation of nuclear cluster structure of nuclei. We have calculated nuclear cluster models for some nuclei such as 177 Lu, 90 Y, and 27 Al. It has been found that nucleus 27 Al can be represented through the two different nuclear cluster models: 25 Mg + d and 24 Na + 3 He. Cross sections in function of energy for the reaction 27 Al( 3 He,x) 22 Na, established as a production method of 22 Na, are calculated by the code MEDICUS. Theoretical calculations of cross sections are in good agreement with experimental results. Reaction mechanisms are taken into account. (author)

Dissolution of targets for the production of Mo-99: Part 1. Influence of NaOH concentration and the addition of NaNO3 and NaNO2 on the dissolution time

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Camilo, Ruth L.; Araujo, Izilda da C.; Mindrisz, Ana C.; Forbicini, Christina A.L.G. de O.

2011-01-01

Faced with global crisis in the production of radioisotope 99 Mo, which product of decay, 99 mTc, is the tracer element most often used in nuclear medicine and accounts for about 80% of all diagnostic procedures in vivo, since September 2008 Brazil is developing the project called Brazilian Multipurpose Reactor (RMB). Within the Brazilian Nuclear Program (PNB) the construction of the RMB, is seen as a long term solution to meet all domestic demand relative to the supply of radioisotopes and radiopharmaceuticals. In the process to be studied to obtain 99 Mo from irradiated UA1 x -A1 LEU targets employing alkaline dissolution, processing time should be minimized, considering the short half life of 99 Mo and 99 mTc, about 66 h and 6 h, respectively. That makes dissolution time a significant factor in the development of the process. This paper presents the results of alkaline dissolution of scraps of Al, used to simulate the dissolution process of UA1 x -A1 targets. Al corresponds to about 79% of the total weight of the UA1 x -A1 target. The effect of NaOH concentration on dissolution time for the interval of 1 to 3.5 mol.L-1 was studied, keeping the molar ratio in 1Al:2.16NaOH and the initial temperature of 88 degree C. The influence of reagent composition over dissolution time was studied using three different solutions: a) 3 mol.L -1 NaOH, b) 3 mol.L -1 NaOH/NaNO 3 and c) 3 mol.L -1 NaOH/NaNO 2 , keeping the same molar ratio and temperature. The results showed that the dissolution time decreases with increasing NaOH concentration and the addition of NaNO 3 or NaNO 2 in the NaOH solution reduces both dissolution time and volume of gases released. (author)

Avaliação da acupressão auricular na síndrome do ombro doloroso: estudo de caso

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Ana Paula Zanelatto

2013-10-01

Full Text Available A Síndrome do Ombro Doloroso (SOD é definida como dor e limitação funcional decorrente do acometimento de estruturas estáticas e dinâmicas do ombro, como ligamentos, cápsula e músculos. É uma das queixas mais comuns e incapacitantes do sistema musculoesquelético na população em geral com uma prevalência estimada entre 15 a 25%. Este estudo objetivou avaliar os resultados da acupressão auricular quando usada como terapia no tratamento da Dor crônica, secundária à SOD, quanto ao efeito analgésico e terapêutico satisfatório e o tempo estimado de tratamento. Para a obtenção do objetivo foi realizado um Estudo de Caso que teve como intervenção a acupressão auricular com esferas de cristais e como indicador de resultado o questionário Penn Shoulder Score (PSS - Brasil. Os dados foram analisados qualitativa e quantitativamente. Conclui-se que a auriculoterapia é uma importante técnica terapêutica, pois o estudo demonstrou uma melhora na pontuação total do PSS - Brasil em 34,3%.

/sup 1/H nuclear magnetic resonance studies of the conformation of an ATP analogue at the active site of Na,K-ATPase from kidney medulla

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

MacD. Stewart, J.M.; Grisham, C.M.

1988-06-28

/sup 1/H nuclear magnetic relaxation measurements have been used to determine the three-dimensional conformation of an ATP analogue, Co(NH/sub 3/)/sub 4/ATP, at the active site of sheep kidney Na,K-ATPase. Previous studies have shown that Co(NH/sub 4/)/sub 4/ATP is a competitive inhibitor with respect to MnATP for the Na,K-ATPase and that Mn/sup 2 +/ bound to a single, high-affinity site on the ATPase can be an effective paramagnetic probe for nuclear relaxation studies of the Na-K-ATPase. From the paramagnetic effect of Mn/sup 2 +/ bound to the APTase on the longitudinal relaxation rates of the protons of Co(NH/sub 3/)/sub 4/ATP at the substrate site (at 300 and 361 MHz), Mn-H distances to seven protons on the bound nucleotide were determined. Taken together with previous /sup 31/P nuclear relaxation data, these measurements are consistent with a single nucleotide conformation at the active site. The nucleotide adopts a bent configuration, in which the triphosphate chain lies nearly parallel to the adenine moiety. The glycosidic torsion angle is 35/sup 0/, and the conformation of the ribose ring is slightly N-type. The bound Mn/sup 2 +/ lies above and in the plane of the adenine ring. The distances from Mn/sup 2 +/ to N/sub 6/ and N/sub 7/ are too large for first coordination sphere complexes but are appropriate for second-sphere complexes involving, for example, intervening hydrogen-bonded water molecules. The NMR data also indicate that the structure of the bound ATP analogue is independent of the conformational state of the enzyme.

Artesanato na terceira idade: um estudo na cidade de Sinop no ano de 2011

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Rosane Marlene Weber

2015-04-01

ão sobre a qualidade de vida na idade madura, envolvendo o criar e inovar. Algumas obras de Paulo Freire serão usadas como referências de educação, por suas ideias sempre muito atuais e motivadoras. Em especial, na primeira etapa da pesquisa, usaremos a obra Pedagogia da Autonomia, em que o autor nos fala da autonomia como um ato de pensar por si mesmo, buscar seu próprio conhecimento com liberdade para intervir no mundo em que vive. Para alcançar os objetivos desta pesquisa será realizado um Estudo de Caso do tipo Etnográfico, com entrevistas, observações e análise de documentos com os sujeitos da Terceira Idade que já realizam trabalhos artesanais, e também pessoas ligadas a Associação dos Artesões de Sinop, para esclarecer o Conceito de artesanato em nossa Cidade e seu valor cultural. A Pesquisa acontecerá em três momentos Fase exploratória, Fase de delimitação do estudo e de coleta de dados e Fase de análise sistemática dos dados e da elaboração do relatório, em que através da Triangulação serão discutidos e analisados os dados coletados.Palavras-chave: educação; terceira idade; artesanato; autonomia; Paulo Freire.

Flow Components in a NaK Test Loop Designed to Simulate Conditions in a Nuclear Surface Power Reactor

Science.gov (United States)

Polzin, Kurt A.; Godfroy, Thomas J.

2008-01-01

A test loop using NaK as the working fluid is presently in use to study material compatibility effects on various components that comprise a possible nuclear reactor design for use on the lunar surface. A DC electromagnetic (EM) pump has been designed and implemented as a means of actively controlling the NaK flow rate through the system and an EM flow sensor is employed to monitor the developed flow rate. These components allow for the matching of the flow rate conditions in test loops with those that would be found in a full-scale surface-power reactor. The design and operating characteristics of the EM pump and flow sensor are presented. In the EM pump, current is applied to a set of electrodes to produce a Lorentz body force in the fluid. A measurement of the induced voltage (back-EMF) in the flow sensor provides the means of monitoring flow rate. Both components are compact, employing high magnetic field strength neodymium magnets thermally coupled to a water-cooled housing. A vacuum gap limits the heat transferred from the high temperature NaK tube to the magnets and a magnetically-permeable material completes the magnetic circuit. The pump is designed to produce a pressure rise of 5 psi, and the flow sensor's predicted output is roughly 20 mV at the loop's nominal flow rate of 0.5 GPM.

Comparação das técnicas transarterial e de estimulação de múltiplos nervos para bloqueio do plexo braquial por via axilar usando lidocaína com epinefrina Comparación de las técnicas transarterial y de estimulación de múltiples nervios para bloqueo del plexo braquial por vía axilar usando lidocaína con epinefrina Comparison of transarterial and multiple nerve stimulation techniques for axillary block using lidocaine with epinephrine

OpenAIRE

Luiz Eduardo Imbelloni; Lúcia Beato; José Antônio Cordeiro

2005-01-01

JUSTIFICATIVA E OBJETIVOS: A técnica transarterial com grandes doses de anestésico local resulta em alta efetividade para o bloqueio axilar do plexo braquial. A técnica utilizando múltiplos estímulos exige mais tempo e maior experiência. Este estudo prospectivo compara a latência e o índice de sucesso do bloqueio do plexo braquial usando duas técnicas de localização: transarterial ou múltipla estimulação dos nervos. MÉTODO: A lidocaína com epinefrina, 800 mg, foi usada inicialmente para o blo...

Long-Range Effects of Na(+) Binding in Na,K-ATPase Reported by ATP.

Science.gov (United States)

Middleton, David A; Fedosova, Natalya U; Esmann, Mikael

2015-12-01

This paper addresses the question of long-range interactions between the intramembranous cation binding sites and the cytoplasmic nucleotide binding site of the ubiquitous ion-transporting Na,K-ATPase using (13)C cross-polarization magic-angle spinning (CP-MAS) solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance. High-affinity ATP binding is induced by the presence of Na(+) as well as of Na-like substances such as Tris(+), and these ions are equally efficient promoters of nucleotide binding. CP-MAS analysis of bound ATP with Na,K-ATPase purified from pig kidney membranes reveals subtle differences in the nucleotide interactions within the nucleotide site depending on whether Na(+) or Tris(+) is used to induce binding. Differences in chemical shifts for ATP atoms C1' and C5' observed in the presence of Na(+) or Tris(+) suggest alterations in the residues surrounding the bound nucleotide, hydrogen bonding, and/or conformation of the ribose ring. This is taken as evidence of a long-distance communication between the Na(+)-filled ion sites in the membrane interior and the nucleotide binding site in the cytoplasmic domain and reflects the first conformational change ultimately leading to phosphorylation of the enzyme. Stopped-flow fluorescence measurements with the nucleotide analogue eosin show that the dissociation rate constant for eosin is larger in Tris(+) than in Na(+), giving kinetic evidence of the difference in structural effects of Na(+) and Tris(+). According to the recent crystal structure of the E1·AlF4(-)·ADP·3Na(+) form, the coupling between the ion binding sites and the nucleotide side is mediated by, among others, the M5 helix.

Um sistema de processamento escalável de consultas analíticas sobre data warehouses criptografados e armazenados na nuvem

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Claudivan Cruz Lopes

2017-06-01

Full Text Available Sistemas de processamento de consultas para bancos de dados criptografados têm sido propostos como uma solução para proteger a confidencialidade de dados armazenados em servidores não confiáveis, tais como provedores de computação em nuvem, e para reduzir o impacto da criptografia no desempenho de consultas sobre dados criptografados. Pouca atenção, no entanto, tem sido dedicada em determinar como a escalabilidade provida pela computação em nuvem pode ser usada para melhorar o desempenho de consultas analíticas sobre Data Warehouses (DW criptografados. Nesse sentido, este artigo descreve um sistema de processamento escalável de consultas analíticas sobre DW criptografados armazenados na nuvem, em que são especificados os componentes arquiteturais que dão suporte a esta escalabilidade.

Estados Unidos: a instituição de um sistema prisional singular

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Virgílio Caixeta Arraes

2010-10-01

Full Text Available O presente artigo busca analisar historicamente o peculiar sistema prisional norte-americano,  focando  na doutrina da guerra ao terror, comumente usada como justificativa pelas ações de Washington.

Análise das propagandas dos medicamentos isentos de prescrição veiculadas em revistas para prescritores na área médica

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Lais Danciguer Guanaes

2012-08-01

Full Text Available O presente artigo apresenta uma análise da qualidade das propagandas de medicamentos isentos de prescrição destinadas à classe médica, baseado na nova RDC no 96, de 17 de dezembro de 2008. Para análise coletou-se 16 fascículos da Revista Brasileira de Medicina (RBM a partir de agosto 2009 a dezembro de 2010. Para averiguação da qualidade, elaborou-se um questionário dividido em três partes. Ao todo 160 peças publicitárias foram encontradas, em que 27 delas eram referentes aos medicamentos isentos de prescrição, contemplando nove indústrias farmacêuticas. Observou-se que nenhuma das peças publicitárias cumpriu na íntegra as novas regras exigidas na legislação vigente (RDC 96/08, apresentando infrações desde identificação da mesma até as proibições de figuras humanas e mensagens subjetivas. Portanto, concluiu-se que: há necessidade de implantação de um instrumento mais efetivo de fiscalização, a fim de melhorar à qualidade das propagandas para poderem ser usadas como fonte fidedigna de informação e atualização aos prescritores.

Dissolution of targets for the production of Mo-99: Part 1. Influence of NaOH concentration and the addition of NaNO{sub 3} and NaNO{sub 2} on the dissolution time

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Camilo, Ruth L.; Araujo, Izilda da C.; Mindrisz, Ana C.; Forbicini, Christina A.L.G. de O., E-mail: rcamilo@ipen.br, E-mail: icaraujo@ipen.br, E-mail: acmindri@ipen.br, E-mail: cforbici@ipen.br [Instituto de Pesquisas Energeticas e Nucleares (IPEN/CNEN/SP), Sao Paulo, SP (Brazil)

2011-07-01

Faced with global crisis in the production of radioisotope {sup 99}Mo, which product of decay, {sup 99}mTc, is the tracer element most often used in nuclear medicine and accounts for about 80% of all diagnostic procedures in vivo, since September 2008 Brazil is developing the project called Brazilian Multipurpose Reactor (RMB). Within the Brazilian Nuclear Program (PNB) the construction of the RMB, is seen as a long term solution to meet all domestic demand relative to the supply of radioisotopes and radiopharmaceuticals. In the process to be studied to obtain {sup 99}Mo from irradiated UA1{sub x}-A1 LEU targets employing alkaline dissolution, processing time should be minimized, considering the short half life of {sup 99}Mo and {sup 99}mTc, about 66 h and 6 h, respectively. That makes dissolution time a significant factor in the development of the process. This paper presents the results of alkaline dissolution of scraps of Al, used to simulate the dissolution process of UA1{sub x}-A1 targets. Al corresponds to about 79% of the total weight of the UA1{sub x}-A1 target. The effect of NaOH concentration on dissolution time for the interval of 1 to 3.5 mol.L-1 was studied, keeping the molar ratio in 1Al:2.16NaOH and the initial temperature of 88 degree C. The influence of reagent composition over dissolution time was studied using three different solutions: a) 3 mol.L{sup -1} NaOH, b) 3 mol.L{sup -1} NaOH/NaNO{sub 3} and c) 3 mol.L{sup -1} NaOH/NaNO{sub 2}, keeping the same molar ratio and temperature. The results showed that the dissolution time decreases with increasing NaOH concentration and the addition of NaNO{sub 3} or NaNO{sub 2} in the NaOH solution reduces both dissolution time and volume of gases released. (author)

Modification of the short osmotic resistance test for evaluating the functional integrity of boar spermatozoa Teste de resistência osmótica modificado (sort modificado na avaliação da integridade funcional do espermatozóide de suíno

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

J.K.F. Nascimento

2001-06-01

Full Text Available Neste trabalho descreve-se a técnica do teste de resistência osmótica modificado (SORT modificado e sua eficiência na avaliação da integridade da membrana do acrossoma do espermatozóide do varrão. Modificaram-se as soluções usadas nos testes de resistência osmótica atuais, eliminando-se também a incubação em solução isosmótica (300 mOsml. Esta foi substituída pela percentagem de NAR das amostras de morfologia espermática.

Utilização Potencial do Lenho de Acacia melanoxylon: a Crescer em Povoamentos Puros ou Mistos com Pinus pinaster - pela Indústria Florestal Portuguesa

OpenAIRE

Santos, António; Teixeira, Andreia; Anjos, Ofélia; Simões, Rogério; Nunes, Lina; Machado, José S.; Tavares, Mário

2007-01-01

A Acacia melanoxylon R. Br. (acácia-austrália ou austrália) cresce bem em Portugal, em povoamentos puros ou mistos com Pinus pinaster Aiton, ainda que apresente fortes constrangimentos ecológicos e legais. Apesar de algumas dificuldades, por exemplo na secagem, a madeira de austrália é usada em mobiliário e produtos manufacturados devido, principalmente, à sua textura e cor escura. Pode também ser usada para pasta, sendo plantada em muitos países com esse propósito juntamente com Acacia mangi...

Átomos na integração: a aproximação Brasil-Argentina no campo nuclear e a construção do Mercosul

OpenAIRE

Vargas, Everton Vieira

1997-01-01

Este trabalho tenciona ser uma reflexão sobre a importância da aproximação entre o Brasil e a Argentina no campo nuclear, na segunda metade da década de 80 e no início dos anos 90, como fundamento para a construção de um relacionamento novo que suplantou uma rivalidade histórica entre ambos. O processo de aproximação encetado com um propósito aparentemente econômico, tinha uma dimensão estratégica. As repercussões desse esforço iam além dos interesses bilaterais imediatos e se refletiram na b...

Nuclear energy for use in Agriculture

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Cervellini, A.

1981-01-01

The utilization of nuclear energy to solve problems in agriculture, aiming to increase the food production, is presented. The projects that are being developed at CENA (Centro de Energia Nuclear na Agricultura) are showed. (E.G.) [pt

Opaque Nuclear Strategy

Science.gov (United States)

2017-12-01

Relationship, 0000271219, 1961. https://www.cia.gov/ library / readingroom/docs/DOC_0000271219.pdf. . Trends in South Africa’s Nuclear Security Policies ...official policy or position of the Department of Defense or the U.S. Government. IRB number ____N/A____. 12a. DISTRIBUTION / AVAILABILITY STATEMENT...how Israel and South Africa shaped those strategies. This research may contribute to better understanding possible policies of potential nuclear

Contribuições do uso do controle estatístico de processos na análise do desempenho na indústria química

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Paulo Saldanha

2015-04-01

Full Text Available A competitividade do mercado obriga as empresas a trabalhar de forma incessante na redução de custos e melhoria da qualidade. Uma maneira de atingir tais objetivos é através da otimização dos processos produtivos pela substituição de matérias-primas ou melhorando a produtividade dos recursos. Nesse sentido, esta pesquisa analisou o desempenho de um processo produtivo de uma empresa gaúcha aplicando o Controle Estatístico do Processo. A primeira fase do estudo foi identificar o problema que estava ocorrendo, e na sequência foram realizadas as coletas de dados e posteriormente a análise. Na etapa de análise, foram usadas ferramentas como o histograma, a carta de controle das médias e amplitudes, além da análise de capacidade do processo através dos índices de Cp e Cpk. Os principais resultados da pesquisa evidenciam que o processo investigado não apresenta um comportamento estatístico satisfatório, determinando ações de melhoria para a empresa implantar. The market competition forces companies to work relentlessly on cost reduction and quality improvement. One way to achieve these goals is through the optimization of production processes by replacing raw materials or improving resource productivity. Thus, this research analyzes the performance of a production process of a gaucho company applying Statistical Process Control. The first phase of the study was to identify the problem that was occurring, and following the data collection and subsequent analysis were performed. In the analysis stage, tools like the histogram, control chart of averages and ranges were used, and analysis of process capability indices through Cp and Cpk. The main results of the research show that the process investigated does not present a satisfactory statistical behavior, determining actions to improve the company deploy.

Comparación de las metodologías usadas para medir la radiación electromagnética de las bandas de servicios de 4G con las de servicios 3G- Comparisson Between Methodologies Used for Measuring the Electromagnetic Radiation Coming from the 3G and 4G Services

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Carlos Arturo Lezama Márquez

2018-01-01

Full Text Available En el presente artículo se compara la metodología usada para las mediciones del proyec -to de Investigación Mapa de Radiación Electromagnética producida por los Servicios de 4G en la Localidad de Usaquén, con la Metodología usada para la medición de la radiación de servicios 3G. Las dos metodologías están basadas en los resultados de los análisis de las recomendaciones de la UIT-T K.52 [2], K.61 [3] y K.83 [4] ya publicados en el artículo Metodología para hacer mediciones de radiación electromagnética de telefonía celular

Influência da temperatura e da duração do molhamento foliar na severidade do míldio da cebola

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Leandro Luiz Marcuzzo

Full Text Available RESUMO No presente trabalho foram estudadas, em condições controladas para o desenvolvimento de um modelo climático baseado na influência da temperatura (10, 15, 20 e 25°C e da duração do molhamento foliar (6, 12, 24 e 48 horas na severidade do míldio da cebola incitado por Peronospora destructor. A densidade relativa de lesões foi influenciada pela temperatura e pela duração do molhamento foliar (P<0,05. A doença foi mais severa na temperatura de 15°C. Os dados foram submetidos à análise de regressão não linear. A função beta generalizada foi usada para ajuste dos dados de severidade e temperatura, enquanto uma função logística foi escolhida para representar o efeito do molhamento foliar na severidade do míldio da cebola. A superfície de resposta obtida pelo produto das duas funções foi expressa por SE = 0,1506 * (((x-80,0614 * ((30-x0,1419 * (0,71642/(1+0,56954 * exp (-0,04460*y, onde SE, representa o valor da severidade estimada (0,1; x, a temperatura (ºC e y, o molhamento foliar (horas. Este modelo climático deverá ser validado em condições de campo para aferir o seu emprego como um sistema de previsão computacional para o míldio da cebola

Degeneração oxychromatica ("inclusões intranucleares" na febre amarella

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

C. Magarinos Torres

1931-05-01

Full Text Available 1- No interior do nucleo de cellulas hepaticas de Macacus rhesus e M. cynomolgus (figs. 13-34 inoculado com o virus da febre amarella e de cellulas hepaticas de doentes de febre amarella (figs. 61-65 e 68-69 ocorre o processo regressivo referido na literatura sob o nome de «degeneração oxychromatica». Tal processo apresenta grande intensidade nos macacos, sendo, porém, assaz escasso no material humano colhido em autopsias. Esta alteração está intimamente associada ao effeito nocivo causado pelo proprio virus da febre amarella, sendo, neste sentido, a unica alteração verdadeiramente especifica na febre amarella. Não foram encontradas alterações do cytoplasma nem granulos intracellulares que tivessem relação com o virus da febre amarella. Assim sendo, a febre amarella pertencerá ao grupo de doenças de virus filtraveis produzindo alterações cellulares caracteristicas ou corpusculos especificos, exclusivamente limitados ao nucleo. Deve ser incluida, portanto no grupo karyo-oikon da classificação de Lipschütz, juntamente com herpes, varicella, virus III do coelho, «submaxillary disease», etc. Como acontece em geral, nas doenças de virus filtraveis, formando inclusões intracellulares, observa-se na febre amarella que a inclusão celular especifica predomina ou existe exclusivamente em determinada especie cellular. Até agora, no nosso material só conseguimos evidenciar a degeneração oxychromatica da febre amarella na cellula hepatica. Quando existe, porém, a sua abundancia é notavel, não raro attingido a quasi totalidade das cellulas hepaticas nos cortes histologicos examinados. Esse facto não poude ser observado nos casos humanos que examinamos,provavelmente em virtude de condições proprias do virus no homem e da phase da molestia na qual foi retirado o material para estudo. Nas cellulas da camada cortical das suprarenaes de M. rhesus infectados encontramos aspectos nucleares suggestivos de degenera

AS METÁFORAS DA MORTE NA POESIA BRASILEIRA: UM ESTUDO À LUZ DA LINGUÍSTICA COGNITIVA

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Silvana Maria Calixto de Lima

2016-01-01

Full Text Available Neste artigo, a partir de uma visão sistematicamente cognitiva da metáfora, com base nos pressupostos da teoria da metáfora conceitual (LAKOFF; JOHNSON, 1980, 1999; LAKOFF; TURNER, 1989; LAKOFF, 1987,1993; KÖVECSES, 2005, apresentamos um inventário de dez metáforas conceituais usadas no licenciamento do conceito MORTE na construção de poesias de autores da literatura brasileira de diferentes escolas literária. O seu foco principal está na análise das relações das metáforas conceituais inventariadas com os diferentes modelos culturais que integram as construções textuais analisadas. Tal empreendimento possibilitou a identificação e descrição de diversificados modelos cognitivos/culturais subjacentes à construção do conceito MORTE, os quais, em linhas gerais, revelam tanto a concepção ocidental de morte como um fato inevitável da condição humana, quanto uma releitura dessa condição por meio da capacidade criativa dos poetas de (reapresentar a morte sob diferentes facetas nem sempre tão aterrorizantes, provavelmente numa tentativa de atenuar o terror que lhe é característico pela sua natureza de mistério.Palavras-chave: Metáfora conceitual. Conceito Morte. Poesia

Eficiência da farinha desengordurada de gergelim como complemento protéico da farinha extrudada de caupi1

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Geraldo Arraes Maia

1999-07-01

Full Text Available O objetivo deste trabalho foi promover uma avaliação nutricional da mistura protéica desengordurada, obtida do gergelim (Sesamum indicum L., com a farinha extrudada do caupi (Vigna unguiculata L. Walp, utilizando-se métodos físicos, bioquímicos, nutricionais e sensoriais. Usando-se semente integral do gergelim, com 54,08% de óleo e 21,83% de proteína, obteve-se a semente descascada com baixa concentração de oxalatos, que foi usada para a produção de farinha desengordurada de gergelim (FDG contendo 2,81% de óleo e 59,16% de proteína. A principal característica desta farinha foi sua alta concentração de aminoácidos sulfurados (30,88 mg/g proteína. Esta FDG foi usada como complemento da proteína da farinha do caupi obtida pelo processo de cozimento por extrusão (FEC, o que ocasionou a inativação de grande parte dos inibidores de tripsina. A proteína da farinha FEC mostrou uma concentração de 24,29%, um baixo conteúdo de aminoácidos sulfurados (17,22 mg/g proteína e alto teor de lisina (58,47 mg/g proteína. O alimento formulado foi considerado de boa qualidade nutricional.

Mechanochemical transformations in Li(Na)AlH4-Li(Na)NH2 systems

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Dolotko, Oleksandr; Zhang Haiqiao; Ugurlu, Ozan; Wiench, Jerzy W.; Pruski, Marek; Scott Chumbley, L.; Pecharsky, Vitalij

2007-01-01

Mechanochemical transformations of tetrahydroaluminates and amides of lithium and sodium have been investigated using gas volumetric analysis, X-ray powder diffraction, solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and transmission electron microscopy. In a transformation of LiAlH 4 and LiNH 2 taken in an 1:1 molar ratio, the amount of released hydrogen (6.6 wt.% after 30 min ball milling) was higher than in any known one pot mechanochemical process involving a hydrogen-containing solid. A total of 4.3 wt.% of hydrogen is released by the NaAlH 4 -NaNH 2 system after 60 min ball milling; and 5.2 wt.% H 2 is released when LiAlH 4 and NaNH 2 or NaAlH 4 and LiNH 2 are ball milled for 90 min and 120 min, respectively. All transformations proceed at room temperature. The mechanism of the overall transformation MAlH 4 (s) + MNH 2 (s) → 2MH(s) + AlN(s) + 2H 2 (g) was identified based on detailed spectroscopic analysis of the intermediate (M 3 AlH 6 ) and final products of the ball milling process

NMR studies of Na+-anion association effects in polymer electrolytes

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Greenbaum, S.G.; Pak, Y.S.; Wintergill, M.C.; Fontanella, J.J.

1988-01-01

23 Na nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) measurements on poly (propylene oxide) (PPO) and siloxane based polymer electrolytes containing various sodium salts at a single nominal concentration are reported. In addition, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and electrical conductivity studies were carried out on the PPO materials. The NMR-determined mobile Na + concentrations and DSC results provide evidence for ionic aggregation effects which, for some samples, result in salt precipitation at elevated temperatures. 23 Na chemical shifts observed in solid state NMR due to mobile Na + -anion interactions influence ionic transport as well as the number of available carriers. (author). 19 refs.; 7 figs

Sodium fast reactors energy conversion systems. Na-CO2 interaction. Comparison with Na-water interaction of conventional water Rankine cycle

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Latge, Christian; Simon, Nicole

2006-01-01

The Sodium Fast Reactor is a very promising candidate for the development of Fast Neutron Reactors. It is well known owing to its wide development since the 1950's, throughout all countries involved in the development of nuclear power plants. The development of Sodium-cooled fast neutron reactors is possible due to its very attractive sodium, nuclear, physical and even some of its chemical properties. Nevertheless, the operational feedback has shown that the concept has several drawbacks: difficulties for In-Service Inspection and Repair operations due to the sodium opacity and possible detrimental effects of its reactivity with air and water when the heat conversion is performed with a conventional Rankine cycle. Moreover, the various design projects have shown some difficulties in enhancing its competitiveness with regards to existing NPPs without any new innovative options, i.e. the possibility of suppressing the intermediate circuits and/or the development of an optimized energy conversion system. The Supercritical CO 2 Brayton Cycle option for the energy conversion has been widely suggested because of its high thermodynamic efficiency (over 40%), its potential compactness of the Balance Of Plant equipment due to the small-sized turbo machinery system, and for its applicability to both Direct or Indirect Cycle (Na, PbBi, He) assuming the hypothesis that the Supercritical CO 2 -Na interaction has less serious potential consequences than sodium-water consequences in the conventional Rankine cycle. Within the framework of the SMFR (Small Modular Fast Reactor) project, developed jointly by Argonne National Laboratory (ANL-USA), the 'Commissariat a l'Energie Atomique' (CEA) and Japan Atomic Energy Agency (JAEA, formerly Japan Nuclear Cycle development), this option has been selected and investigated. This paper deals with the study of the interaction between Na and CO 2 , based on a literature review: the result of this study will allow the definition of R and D

Fibras vegetais utilizadas na pesca artesanal na microrregião do Salgado, Pará

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Jorge Oliveira

Full Text Available As espécies vegetais fibrosas ocupam papel de destaque no cotidiano das comunidades tradicionais amazônicas ao lado das espécies medicinais, alimentícias e madeireiras. Na microrregião do Salgado do estado do Pará - constituída pelos municípios de Colares, Curuçá, Magalhães Barata, Maracanã, Marapanim, Salinópolis, Santarém Novo, São Caetano de Odivelas, São João de Pirabas e Vigia - as fibras vegetais são usadas em cestaria, trançados, fixadoras em substituição ao prego, adornos e vestuário. Para a elaboração do presente trabalho, os dados foram obtidos entre artesãos e pescadores artesanais da microrregião do Salgado do estado do Pará, com cerca de 150 entrevistas semiestruturadas. Foram registradas 17 espécies, distribuídas em oito famílias e 17 gêneros utilizados na preparação de implementos de pesca artesanal, cujas matérias prima são provenientes de diversas partes da planta, onde as talas são da haste caulinar de Marantaceae e estipe de Arecaceae, os cipós são raízes de Araceae e Cyclanthaceae e os caules de Bignoniaceae e Dilleniaceae, enquanto que as palhas são folhas e pinas de Arecaceae. A família mais representativa com relação ao número de espécies e o fornecimento de matéria prima utilizada foi Arecaceae com 8 spp., seguida de Dilleniaceae e Araceae com 2 spp., Bignoniaceae, Bombacaceae, Cyclanthaceae, Marantaceae e Poaceae com 1 sp. cada. O trabalho visa contribuir para o conhecimento das espécies vegetais fibrosas, quanto a sua morfologia, origem e manuseio da matéria prima, os produtos confeccionados e seus usos, além do registro dos aspectos culturais da utilização de espécies vegetais fibrosas no cotidiano da atividade pesqueira artesanal daquela microrregião.

Avaliação nutricional do farelo de arroz desengordurado em suínos nas fases de crescimento e terminação utilizando o método de substituição e análise de regressão

OpenAIRE

Marco Antônio Kunrath

2010-01-01

A avaliação de alimentos alternativos como o farelo de arroz desengordurado (FAD) se faz necessária para um adequado balanço nutricional das dietas de suínos. As metodologias usadas para esse fim podem constituir-se num fator de variação, diminuindo a precisão dos resultados obtidos. Este trabalho teve os objetivos de avaliar o valor nutricional do FAD na dieta de suínos com diferentes níveis de inclusão e também fazer uma comparação de diferentes metodologias usadas para esse fim. Foram real...

Síntese de zeólita tipo NaA a partir de caulim para obtenção de zeólita 5A através de troca iônica Synthesis of NaA zeolites from kaolin for obtaining 5A zeolites through ion exchange

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

C. R. Melo

2010-12-01

Full Text Available A síntese de zeólitas com o intuito de utilizá-las posteriormente como materiais adsorventes exige rigoroso controle das variáveis de processamento. Para cada tipo diferente de zeólita, existem variáveis de processo distintas para obtenção do tipo específico desejado. Neste trabalho os objetivos foram obter zeólita NaA partindo de caulim, para posteriormente obter zeólita 5A por meio de troca iônica com esta zeólita anteriormente sintetizada. Estas zeólitas, por sua vez, podem ser usadas como adsorventes altamente seletivos para adsorver, por exemplo, metais pesados de efluentes industriais. Os resultados obtidos foram satisfatórios, a metodologia utilizada mostrou-se eficiente. A partir do metacaulim comercial utilizado, obteve-se com sucesso zeólita tipo NaA, e por meio de trocas iônicas obteve-se zeólita 5A. A porcentagem de sódio trocada na zeólita final foi 61,4%.Zeolites synthesis as adsorbing materials requires accurate control of the variables. There are distinct process variables for obtaining specific desired types depending on each different kind of zeolite to be synthesized. This paper was aimed at obtaining NaA zeolites from kaolin in order to obtain zeolites A afterwards through ionic exchange with the previously synthesized zeolite. These zeolites can then be used as highly selective adsorbents to adsorb, for instance, heavy metals in industrial effluents. The results obtained were satisfactory, the methodology was efficient. From the commercial metakaolin used NaA zeolite was obtained successfully, and through ionic exchanges 5A zeolite was obtained. The exchangeable sodium percentage in the final zeolite was 61.4%.

CRESCIMENTO DA PARTE AÉREA DE MUDAS DE COUVE-FLOR PRODUZIDAS EM DIFERENTES SUBSTRATOS EM SISTEMA AGROECOLÓGICO

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Julio Cesar Gradice Saluci

2017-04-01

Full Text Available A agricultura exerce grande expressividade no desenvolvimento social, político e econômico do Brasil. Contudo existe constate crescimento na procura e exigência por alimentos mais saudáveis, que podem ser produzidos com técnicas da agroecologia. Objetivou-se com este trabalho avaliar diferentes substratos na produção de mudas de couve-flor. O experimento foi em DIC, no esquema fatorial (4x4 avaliando 7 plantas em cada tratamento na fase final de mudas. Os resultados encontrados para a parte aérea, demostraram desenvolvimento satisfatório para a cultura nos substratos orgânicos, em relação ao comercial, sendo que foi observado superioridade das variáveis quando utilizou-se o vermicomposto como substrato, independente das concentrações usadas, entretanto não houve diferença entre as concentrações usadas para esse substrato. Os substratos orgânicos proporcionaram boa produção. Dentre estes substratos destacou-se o vermicomposto.

Review on Material Synthesis and Characterization of Sodium (Na) Super-Ionic Conductor (NASICON)

Science.gov (United States)

Kimpa, M. I.; Mayzan, M. Z. H.; Yabagi, J. A.; Nmaya, M. M.; Isah, K. U.; Agam, M. A.

2018-04-01

Sodium (Na) Super Ionic Conductor (NASICON) has general formula Na1+ x Zr2P3- xSi x O12 (0 ≤x ≤ 3) derived from its parent compound, sodium zirconium phosphate NaZr2(PO4)3 (NZP) which belong to a rhombohedral crystal structure. This material consists of three-dimensional structure with interesting features such as low thermal expansion coefficient, thermal stability, gas sensor and nuclear waste immobilization that make it viable for industrial applications. Current study presents comprehensive studies on the synthesis and essential characteristics required to understand the theory behind the mechanism that justifies the study of NASICON structure and its application such as lithium ion rechargeable battery, gas sensor, and nuclear waste immobilization and so on.

In vitro solubility of meat and bone meal protein with different pepsin concentrations Solubilidade in vitro da proteína de farinhas de carne e ossos com diferentes concentraçoes de pepsina

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Cláudio Bellaver

2000-06-01

Full Text Available In vitro protein digestibility of protein sources has been correlated with in vivo digestibility values. However, factors like protein origin, enzyme used and its concentration, pH and processing have been related with the significance of the correlation between the estimates. To address only the enzyme concentration factor, this paper had the objective of testing pepsin at 0.2, 0.02, 0.002 and 0.0002% using the standard AOAC (1995 procedure. Two meat and bone meals (MBM with low and high crude protein (CP content were used to determine the coefficient of solubility of CP in pepsin and HCl (CSCPPEPH. Centrifugation was used to establish the nitrogen (N in the soluble phase, instead of filtration and analysis of N in the residue. The variance analysis and a non-linear asymptotic model were adjusted. The CSCPPEPH under different pepsin concentrations for the two MBM showed higher solubility discrimination with low pepsin concentration. The level of 0.0002% pepsin is better to predict the CP soluble in MBM. This finding implies the assumption that 0.2% pepsin found in the AOAC is not correct for the purpose of determining the range of solubility in high and low CP content in MBM.A digestibilidade in vitro da proteína de fontes protéicas tem sido correlacionada com a digestibilidade in vivo. Entretanto, fatores como a origem protéica, enzima usada e sua concentração, pH e processamento têm sido relacionados com a significância da correlação entre as estimativas. Para atuar somente no fator da concentração enzimática, este trabalho teve por objetivo testar a pepsina nas concentrações de 0,2, 0,02, 0,002 e 0,0002%, utilizando o procedimento padrão do AOAC (1995. Duas farinhas de carne e ossos com baixo ou alto teor de proteína (PB foram usadas para determinar o coeficiente de solubilidade da PB em pepsina e HCl (CSCPPEPH. Centrifugação foi usada para obter o nitrogênio (N na fase solúvel, em vez da filtração e análise do N no

As metáforas da morte na poesia brasileira: um estudo à luz da linguística cognitiva

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Silvana Maria Calixto de Lima

2016-01-01

Full Text Available Neste artigo, a partir de uma visão sistematicamente cognitiva da metáfora, com base nos pressupostos da teoria da metáfora conceitual (LAKOFF; JOHNSON, 1980, 1999; LAKOFF; TURNER, 1989; LAKOFF, 1987,1993; KÖVECSES, 2005, apresentamos um inventário de dez metáforas conceituais usadas no licenciamento do conceito MORTE na construção de poesias de autores da literatura brasileira de diferentes escolas literária. O seu foco principal está na análise das relações das metáforas conceituais inventariadas com os diferentes modelos culturais que integram as construções textuais analisadas. Tal empreendimento possibilitou a identificação e descrição de diversificados modelos cognitivos/culturais subjacentes à construção do conceito MORTE, os quais, em linhas gerais, revelam tanto a concepção ocidental de morte como um fato inevitável da condição humana, quanto uma releitura dessa condição por meio da capacidade criativa dos poetas de (reapresentar a morte sob diferentes facetas nem sempre tão aterrorizantes, provavelmente numa tentativa de atenuar o terror que lhe écaracterístico pela sua natureza de mistério.Palavras-chave: Metáfora conceitual. Conceito Morte. Poesia

Abordagem proteômica para estudos de fotobiologia e fotoinativação de fungos

OpenAIRE

Guilherme Thomaz Pereira Brancini

2015-01-01

A proteômica é uma técnica muito importante e amplamente utilizada na elucidação de diversos mecanismos biológicos. Essa técnica pode ser usada, por exemplo, na avaliação da resposta celular a estímulos ou na determinação de modificações proteicas resultantes de um tratamento. Neste trabalho, a abordagem proteômica foi utilizada em dois sistemas diferentes: (1) na elucidação da resposta à luz no fungo Metarhizium acridum e (2) na determinação dos danos proteicos causados pelo tratamento fotod...

Aqueous partial molar heat capacities and volumes for NaReO4 and NaTcO4

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Lemire, R.J.; Saluja, P.P.S.; Campbell, A.B.

1989-01-01

As part of the Canadian Nuclear Fuel Waste Management Program, data are required to model the equilibrium thermodynamic behavior of key radionuclides at temperatures above 25 degree C. A flow microcalorimeter/densimeter system has been commissioned to measure heat capacities and densities of solutions containing radioactive species. Measurements for solutions of aqueous NaReO 4 (a common analogue for NaTcO 4 ) were made at seven temperatures (15 to 100 degree C) over the concentration range 0.05 to 0.2 mol·kg -1 . Subsequently, measurements were made for NaTcO 4 solutions under similar conditions. The heat capacity and density data are analyzed using Pitzer's ion-interaction model, and values of the NaReO 4 partial molar heat capacities are compared to literature values based on integral heats of solution. The agreement between the two sets of NaReO 4 data is good below 75 degree C, but only fair at the higher temperatures. Values of the partial molar volumes have also been derived. The uncertainties introduced by using thermodynamic data for ReO 4 - , in the absence of data for TcO 4 - , are discussed

Thermochemical modeling of nuclear waste glass

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Spear, K.E.; Besmann, T.M.; Beahm, E.C.

1998-06-01

The development of assessed and consistent phase equilibria and thermodynamic data for major glass constituents used to incorporate high-level nuclear waste is discussed in this paper. The initial research has included the binary Na 2 O-SiO 2 , Na 2 O-Al 2 O 3 , and SiO 2 -Al 2 O 3 systems. The nuclear waste glass is assumed to be a supercooled liquid containing the constituents in the glass at temperatures of interest for nuclear waste storage. Thermodynamic data for the liquid solutions were derived from mathematical comparisons of phase diagram information and the thermodynamic data available for crystalline solid phases. An associate model is used to describe the liquid solution phases. Utilizing phase diagram information provides very stringent limits on the relative thermodynamic stabilities of all phases which exist in a given system

Radiative heat transfer in the Na mist dispersion over the hot surface of liquid Na in the cooling system of nuclear reactor

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Kunitomo, T.; Shafey, H.M.

1980-01-01

The analysis has been carried out for the radiative heat transfer in the Na mist dispersion enclosed between the hot surface of liquid Na at temperature Tsub(n) and the cold surface of Na deposit at Tsub(c). The model selected for the present study represents the Na mist formed in a sodium cooled fast breeder reactor in which the condensed liquid particles are dispersed in the mixture of the Ar cover gas and the Na vapor. The analysis is based on replacing the inhomogeneous dispersing medium by three discrete homogeneous layers, and formulating the transfer equation for the monochromatic radiation in each layer according to the Chandrasekhar theory. The numerical calculations of the radiative qsub(r) and convective qsub(c) heat transfers have been performed for the wave length range lambda=1.6-30 μm and are compared. The qsub(r) has the same order of magnitude as the qsub(c) for all conditions of the mist dispersions. Both qsub(r) and qsub(c) increase by nearly equal rates with the increase of Tsub(H) and decrease by different rates with increasing Tsub(c). Variations of the particle diameter of the Na mist do not change substantially the qsub(r). Both qsub(r) and qsub(c) decrease slightly with the increase in the total thickness of the Na mist dispersion

Abuso sexual na infância: compreensão a partir da Epidemiologia e dos Direitos Humanos

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Ivan França Junior

Full Text Available Este artigo examina as possibilidades e limites das abordagens epidemiológica e de direitos humanos da questão do abuso sexual na infância (ASI. Para tanto, examina-se a literatura epidemiológica sobre magnitude e fatores de risco, concluindo-se que o ASI é de grande magnitude; afeta principalmente jovens, em especial mulheres; não sendo episódico ou isolado nas vidas das pessoas e das comunidades e que seus determinantes são, em grande parte, desconhecidos. Discutem-se os problemas desta produção e indicam-se as razões possíveis para seus limites. A análise de direitos humanos compreendeu o exame do caráter intersubjetivo do direito, da natureza da esfera (privada ou pública relativa ao direito e às forças que determinam a adesão de sujeitos a uma determinada norma jurídica. Nesta perspectiva, conclui-se que direito a viver e desenvolver-se livre do abuso sexual na infância é um direito da liberdade e integridade (autonomia privada. Há mecanismos explícitos na legislação nacional que vedam este comportamento, mas com baixa eficácia e cobertura populacional. As condições de operação do direito brasileiro fazem com que as crianças sejam socialmente vulneráveis ao ASI. Conclui-se que estas abordagens, embora distintas, podem ser usadas de modo complementar com vistas à ação intersetorial para a erradicação do ASI.

Abuso sexual na infância: compreensão a partir da Epidemiologia e dos Direitos Humanos

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Ivan França Junior

2003-02-01

Full Text Available Este artigo examina as possibilidades e limites das abordagens epidemiológica e de direitos humanos da questão do abuso sexual na infância (ASI. Para tanto, examina-se a literatura epidemiológica sobre magnitude e fatores de risco, concluindo-se que o ASI é de grande magnitude; afeta principalmente jovens, em especial mulheres; não sendo episódico ou isolado nas vidas das pessoas e das comunidades e que seus determinantes são, em grande parte, desconhecidos. Discutem-se os problemas desta produção e indicam-se as razões possíveis para seus limites. A análise de direitos humanos compreendeu o exame do caráter intersubjetivo do direito, da natureza da esfera (privada ou pública relativa ao direito e às forças que determinam a adesão de sujeitos a uma determinada norma jurídica. Nesta perspectiva, conclui-se que direito a viver e desenvolver-se livre do abuso sexual na infância é um direito da liberdade e integridade (autonomia privada. Há mecanismos explícitos na legislação nacional que vedam este comportamento, mas com baixa eficácia e cobertura populacional. As condições de operação do direito brasileiro fazem com que as crianças sejam socialmente vulneráveis ao ASI. Conclui-se que estas abordagens, embora distintas, podem ser usadas de modo complementar com vistas à ação intersetorial para a erradicação do ASI.

Pelletizing of NaF granules as adsorbent for fluorides of nuclear fuel materials, (2)

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Kimura, Syojiro; Tsutsui, Tenson; Kanagawa, Akira.

1976-01-01

Experimental studies on compressibility of NaF granules are investigated. Brittleness and porosity of a tableted pellet depend on compressive power applied to the granules. Relation of the compressive power and distortion of NaF granules agree with Kawakita's formula. About the brittleness of NaF pellet tableted with optional pressure, the follow experimental formula is formed between axial destructive power and compressive power. Dsub(p)=f.psup(n) Then, relation of the axial destructive power and porosity of NaF pellet is given from the above mentioned experimental formula and Kawakita's formula. At the lower value of the porosity than 0.4, the axial destructive power varies steeply as compared with variation of the porosity. At optional porosity, the brittleness of the tableted NaF pellet are lower than Harshow Chem. Co. NaF.HF pellet. So it requires some process raising the brittleness of the pellet after the compression. (auth.)

Influência da cera de carnaúba no comportamento reológico de misturas usadas na moldagem por injeção em baixa pressão

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

P. A. Ourique

2015-03-01

Full Text Available A moldagem por injeção em baixa pressão (MIBP tem algumas vantagens sobre outros métodos de conformação de peças cerâmicas com formas complexas. Dentre as vantagens estão os menores custos na produção de lotes pequenos e médios e o menor desgaste de moldes e equipamento. Neste trabalho, foi estudado o efeito de um dos aditivos orgânicos usados na MIBP, a cera de carnaúba, no comportamento reológico da mistura (feedstock. O pó cerâmico utilizado foi uma alumina, com tamanho de partícula em torno de 0,4 μm. Com adições de 5% e 10% em peso de cera de carnaúba no veículo orgânico a viscosidade diminui significativamente, sendo bem mais acentuada com 10%, enquanto que, acima deste valor (15%, a viscosidade diminui, mas esta redução é menos pronunciada. Em contrapartida, em feedstocks sem a cera de carnaúba (0%, a viscosidade é tão elevada que praticamente inviabiliza a injeção em baixas pressões.

Sepsis does not alter red blood cell glucose metabolism or Na+ concentration: A 2H-, 23Na-NMR study

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Hotchkiss, R.S.; Song, S.K.; Ling, C.S.; Ackerman, J.J.; Karl, I.E.

1990-01-01

The effects of sepsis on intracellular Na+ concentration ([Na+]i) and glucose metabolism were examined in rat red blood cells (RBCs) by using 23Na- and 2H-nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. Sepsis was induced in 15 halothane-anesthetized female Sprague-Dawley rats by using the cecal ligation and perforation technique; 14 control rats underwent cecal manipulation without ligation. The animals were fasted for 36 h, but allowed free access to water. At 36 h postsurgery, RBCs were examined by 23Na-NMR by using dysprosium tripolyphosphate as a chemical shift reagent. Human RBCs from 17 critically ill nonseptic patients and from 7 patients who were diagnosed as septic were also examined for [Na+]i. Five rat RBC specimens had [Na+]i determined by both 23Na-NMR and inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectroscopy (ICP-AES). For glucose metabolism studies, RBCs from septic and control rats were suspended in modified Krebs-Henseleit buffer containing [6,6-2H2]glucose and examined by 2H-NMR. No significant differences in [Na+]i or glucose utilization were found in RBCs from control or septic rats. There were no differences in [Na+]i in the two groups of patients. The [Na+]i determined by NMR spectroscopy agreed closely with measurements using ICP-AES and establish that 100% of the [Na+]i of the RBC is visible by NMR. Glucose measurements determined by 2H-NMR correlated closely (correlation coefficient = 0.93) with enzymatic analysis. These studies showed no evidence that sepsis disturbed RBC membrane function or metabolism

Nuclear physics with polarized heavy ions

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Fick, D.; Grawert, G.; Turkiewicz, I.M.

1992-01-01

Polarized heavy ion beams ( 6 Li, 7 Li, 23 Na) have been in use as tools for the investigation of nuclear scattering and nuclear reactions for almost two decades. This review attempts to survey the research activities in this field with reference to nuclear structure, nuclear dynamics and reaction mechanisms. Besides reviewing the results from full quantum mechanical coupled channels analyses of data, special attention is paid to handwaving arguments and semiclassical pictures as a complementary way of obtaining a better understanding of the relevant physics. (orig.)

Problems and prospects of nuclear power industry

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Karelin, A.I.

2001-01-01

A consideration is given to problems associated with operating nuclear power plants in many countries and building new NPPs. A special attention is given to safety operation of nuclear plants, to reprocessing and transportation of spent nuclear fuel as well as to radioactive waste disposal. In connection with difficulties in solving the above-mentioned problems a proposition is made to resume work on designing NPPs with the use of nuclear liquid salt reactors based on molten fuel fluoride salts. Advantages and disadvantages of fuel compositions of LiF-BeF 2 -UF 4 -(ThF 4 ) are listed. It is recommended that fundamental studies be carried out into such compositions as KF + CsF; BaF 2 + KF + NaF; AlF 3 + Na 3 AlF 6 , eutectics on the basis of tin and zinc fluorides and their complex salts of M x Sn(Zn)F y . An international program is suggested to be developed to find some way out of crisis of nuclear power industry using research efforts in homogeneous liquid salt nuclear underground reactors with a U(233)-Th fuel cycle [ru

COMPOSIÇÃO CENTESIMAL E MINERAL DA ALFARROBA EM PÓ E SUA UTILIZAÇÃO NA ELABORAÇÃO E ACEITABILIDADE EM SORVETE

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Daiane Rebeca SABATINI

2011-01-01

Full Text Available Alfarroba (Ceratonia siliqua L. é uma leguminosa arbórea tropical comum no semi-árido, que se desenvolve em lugares secos, onde difi cilmente outras plantas poderiam sobreviver. Suas vagens produzem uma farinha que pode ser usada na alimentação humana, semelhante ao cacau. Este trabalho teve por objetivos determinar a composição centesimal e o conteúdo mineral da alfarroba em pó, bem como avaliar a viabilidade da alfarroba na elaboração e aceitabilidade de um sorvete. Os resultados demonstraram que a alfarroba em pó é rica em carboidratos (76,6%, rica em proteínas (4,79%, pobre em lipídios (0,48% e apresenta alto teor de fi bras (5,68%. Com relação aos minerais analisados, o conteúdo de K, Cu, Fe e Mn atendem com mais de 20% das DRIs para um adulto. O sorvete elaborado foi avaliado sensorialmente por 127 provadores não treinados utilizando a escala hedônica (de “gostei extremamente” a “desgostei extremamente”, com relação aos atributos aparência, sabor, textura e aspecto global. O índice de aceitabilidade foi superior a 87% para todos os atributos, indicando a boa aceitabilidade do produto desenvolvido. Desta forma, conclui-se que a alfarroba em pó pode ser utilizada como ingrediente na elaboração de sorvetes, contribuindo no desenvolvimento de novos produtos alimentícios.

Orchid bee baits attracting bees of the genus Megalopta (Hymenoptera, Halictidae in Bauru region, São Paulo, Brazil: abundance, seasonality, and the importance of odors for dim-light bees Abelhas do gênero Megalopta (Hymenoptera, Halictidae atraídas por iscas químicas usadas para euglossíneos na região de Bauru, SP: abundância, sazonalidade e importância de odores para abelhas crepusculares

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Fátima R. N. Knoll

2012-12-01

Full Text Available Nocturnal bees in the genus Megalopta Smith, 1853 are generally collected using artificial light sources. However, between 1993 and 2000, a total of 946 females (no males were captured were captured using aromatic baits commonly used for orchid bees (Euglossini in five localities in Bauru region, São Paulo, Brazil. Aromatic compounds used in bait traps were: benzyl acetate, eucalyptol, eugenol, skatole, methyl salicylate, and vanillin. The Megalopta species collected were: M. guimaraesi (71.2% of total number of specimens, M. amoena (28.1%, and M. aegis (0.6%. Using the data from these traps, we showed that there was a positive and significant correlation between the abundance of individuals and meteorological factors, rainfall and temperature. Bees were more commonly collected in the spring (September to December and summer (December to March than in the autumn and winter, the latter characterized for being a drier and colder period. Variations in the abundance were also detected among localities and years. The most attractive compounds were eugenol (54%, methyl salicylate (22%, and eucalyptol (16%. The ability to detect smells may have an important role in searching for flowers during dim-light conditions. We suggest the use of aromatic compounds in future studies on the biology of Megalopta in the Neotropical region.Abelhas noturnas do gênero Megalopta (Smith, 1853 são geralmente coletadas usando fontes artificiais de luz. Porém entre os anos de 1993 e 2000, um total de 946 fêmeas de Megalopta foram capturadas (machos não foram capturados usando iscas aromáticas frequentemente usadas para atração de machos de Euglossini, em cinco localidades na região de Bauru, São Paulo, Brasil. Os compostos aromáticos utilizados foram: acetato de benzila, eucaliptol, eugenol, escatol, salicilato de metila e vanilina. As espécies encontradas foram M. guimaraesi (71.2% do total de indivíduos, M. amoena (28.1% and M. aegis (0.6%. De modo geral

Interferência de ferro na dosagem de boro no solo com azometina-H em soluções extratoras ácidas

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Ferreira Gilvan Barbosa

2002-01-01

Full Text Available A busca de métodos que permitam a extração do boro para avaliação da fertilidade do solo para a recomendação de adubação é importante, devido aos baixos teores de boro e aos altos teores de Fe na maioria dos solos brasileiros. A extração com água quente, método-referência, é trabalhosa e apresenta dificuldades operacionais. Por outro lado, soluções de CaCl2 5 mmol/L e BaCl2.2H2O 5 mmol/L são usadas com sucesso. O objetivo deste trabalho foi testar a eficiência do ácido tioglicólico na eliminação da interferência do Fe na dosagem de B do solo com azometina-H, após extrações com soluções ácidas de Mehlich-1 e HCl (50 e 100 mmol/L. Dosagem com azometina-H, com e sem ácido tioglicólico, foram feitas para oito solos de Minas Gerais e dois solos do Mato Grosso do Sul. Foi utilizada como referência, a extração com BaCl2.2H2O 5 mmol/L, com aquecimento em forno de microondas e dosagem com azometina-H; a determinação de B com azometina-H em extratos originados de soluções ácidas sofre forte interferência do Fe. A adição do ácido tioglicólico não remove esta interferência. A coloração do complexo B-azometina-H fica menos estável com a adição do ácido tioglicólico na dosagem do boro.

Aplicação foliar de cálcio em pessegueiro na Serra Gaúcha: avaliação do teor de nutrientes na folha, no fruto e produção Foliar application of calcium in peach in Serra Gaúcha: evaluation of content of nutrients in the leaf, fruit and yield

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Gustavo Brunetto

2008-06-01

Full Text Available Na região Sul do Brasil, as aplicações foliares de cálcio têm sido usadas durante o ciclo produtivo do pessegueiro. Entretanto se carece de conhecimentos sobre o teor de cálcio e de outros nutrientes na folha, usada para estimar o estado nutricional da planta, no fruto, utilizado como referência para definir a ocorrência de distúrbio fisiológico e na produção. O trabalho objetivou avaliar o efeito de pulverizações foliares de diferentes fontes de cálcio no seu teor e de outros nutrientes nas folhas, nos frutos e na produção. O trabalho compreendeu dois experimentos e foi conduzido na safra agrícola de 2003/2004, em um pomar comercial de pessegueiro da cultivar Chimarrita, em Pinto Bandeira-RS, sobre um Cambissolo Húmico. O experimento 1 consistiu de uma, duas e três pulverizações foliares de cloreto de cálcio nas concentrações de 0 (água; 0,5; 1,0 e 2,0%. O experimento 2 compreendeu uma, duas e três pulverizações foliares de nitrato de cálcio nas concentrações de 0 (água; 0,5; 1,0 e 2,0%. O delineamento experimental usado nos dois experimentos foi de blocos ao acaso, com três repetições e três plantas por parcela, que foram distribuídas ao longo da linha de plantio. Nas plantas dos dois experimentos, foram coletadas folhas completas (limbo+pecíolo do terço médio dos ramos do ano, nos diferentes lados da planta, secas, moídas e preparadas para a análise dos teores de cálcio, nitrogênio, potássio e magnésio. Na maturação completa, os frutos foram colhidos e determinados a massa, a produção e os teores de cálcio, nitrogênio, potássio e magnésio. Os resultados mostraram que as aplicações foliares de cloreto de cálcio e nitrato de cálcio durante o ciclo produtivo do pessegueiro aumentaram o teor de cálcio na folha. Porém, não afetaram o teor de nitrogênio, potássio e magnésio na folha, o teor de cálcio, nitrogênio, potássio e magnésio no fruto e na produção.Foliar application of

Na,K-ATPase isozymes in colorectal cancer and liver metastases

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Marc eBaker Bechmann

2016-01-01

Full Text Available The goal of this study was to define Na,K-ATPase α and β subunit isoform expression and isozyme composition in colorectal cancer cells and liver metastases. The α1, α3 and β1 isoforms were the most highly expressed in tumor cells and metastases; in the plasma membrane of non-neoplastic cells and mainly in a cytoplasmic location in tumor cells. α1β1 and α3β1 isozymes found in tumor and metastatic cells exhibit the highest and lowest Na+ affinity respectively and the highest K+ affinity. Mesenchymal cell isozymes possess an intermediate Na+ affinity and a low K+ affinity. In cancer, these ions are likely to favor optimal conditions for the function of nuclear enzymes involved in mitosis, especially a high intra-nuclear K+ concentration. A major and striking finding of this study was that in liver, metastasized CRC cells express the α3β1 isozyme. Thus, the α3β1 isozyme could potentially serve as a novel exploratory biomarker of CRC metastatic cells in liver.

Efeito da técnica de polimento na topografia de superfície e na transmitância da resina composta

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Marina Moura de Azevedo Souza

Full Text Available Introdução: Clinicamente, é comum observar os efeitos de estratificação de restaurações de compósito apenas após o polimento. Objetivo: Avaliar o efeito da técnica de polimento na transmitância de luz e na topografia de superfície de uma resina composta. Material e método: Amostras da resina Filtek Z-350 XT (cor A1E foram confeccionadas em matriz metálica. Uma das superfícies das amostras recebeu acabamento com brocas de 12 lâminas e polimento através de uma das seguintes técnicas: SL (Sof-Lex, EH (Enhance e DH (DHPro. Ausência de polimento foi usada como controle. Após o polimento, as amostras deviam apresentar espessura final de 1 mm. A transmitância de luz foi avaliada através do espectrofotômetro, sendo considerada apenas a luz no espectro visível. A topografia de superfície foi avaliada através de interferometria a laser, com os parâmetros Sdq (híbrido, St (amplitude máxima e As (média de picos e vales. Os dados (n=5 foram submetidos a ANOVA e teste SNK. O teste de correlação de Pearson correlacionou Sdq, St e Sa à transmitância (α=0,05. Resultado: Todos os sistemas de polimento aumentaram a transmitância de luz em relação ao controle, não havendo diferença entre estes. Apenas as amostras polidas com SL e DH apresentaram maiores valores de Sdq que o Controle. Já para os parâmetros St e Sa, EH mostrou menores valores que o controle. Sdq e St mostraram correlação significativa com transmitância. Conclusão: Todos os sistemas de polimento foram efetivos em aumentar a transmitância, sendo a redução dos valores Sdq e St relacionada a esta modificação.

Portable in situ NaI(Tl) γ spectroscopy system

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Wang Bairong; Dong Binjiang; Zeng Liping; Shen Tingyun

2000-01-01

The author describes a portable in situ NaI(Tl) γ spectroscopy system, which consists of a NaI (Tl) scintillation detector, an integrative spectroscopy card, a notebook computer and spectroscopy software. The spectrometer addresses applications in environmental or nuclear accident in situ γ spectroscopy measurements, and gives valid quantitative results of radionuclide concentrations per unit volume (Bq/kg) or unit area (Bq/cm 2 ) in the soil and absorbed dose rate in air at 1 m above ground (Gy/h)

Estimation of covariances of 16O, 23Na, Fe, 235U, 238U and 239Pu neutron nuclear data in JENDL-3.2

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Shibata, Keiichi; Nakajima, Yutaka; Kawano, Toshihiko; Oh, Soo-Youl; Matsunobu, Hiroyuki; Murata, Toru.

1997-10-01

Covariances of nuclear data have been estimated for 6 nuclides contained in JENDL-3.2. The nuclides considered are 16 O, 23 Na, Fe, 235 U, 238 U, and 239 Pu, which are regarded as important for the nuclear design study of fast reactors. The physical quantities for which covariances are deduced are cross sections, resolved and unresolved resonance parameters, and the first order Legendre-polynomial coefficient for the angular distribution of elastically scattered neutrons. As for 235 U, covariances were obtained also for the average number of neutrons emitted in fission. The covariances were estimated by using the same methodology that had been used in the JENDL-3.2 evaluation in order to keep a consistency between mean values and their covariances. The least-squares fitting code GMA was used in estimating covariances for reactions of which JENDL-3.2 cross sections had been evaluated by taking account of measurements. In nuclear model calculations, the covariances were calculated by the KALMAN system. The covariance data obtained were compiled in the ENDF-6 format, and will be put into the JENDL-3.2 Covariance File which is one of JENDL special purpose files. (author). 193 refs

LS1 Report: NA62 readies for beam

CERN Multimedia

Katarina Anthony

2014-01-01

On Wednesday, 10 September, the last NA62 straw tracker chamber was lowered into position in the experiment. This feat brings almost 8 years of CERN construction and design to a close, as the tracker has gone from the drawing board to construction and installation.   The final straw tracker module is lowered into position in NA62. The NA62 straw tracker is one of a kind. As the first of its scale to be placed directly into the vacuum tank of an experiment, it will allow NA62 physicists to measure the direction and momentum of charged particles with high precision. "From the first design to the final plug-in and testing, CERN teams have been 100% involved in developing this unique tracker," says Hans Danielsson, NA62 straw project leader. "We worked in close collaboration with the Joint Institute for Nuclear Research (JINR), Russia, who helped develop the straw tracker technology and will participate in the running of the detector now that construction and installa...

Influência das fibras de aço e das adições minerais na fissuração de tirantes de concreto armado

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

L. A. Oliveira Júnior

Full Text Available Neste trabalho é investigada a influência das fibras de aço e das adições minerais (sílica ativa e cinza volante na fissuração de tirantes de concreto armado. Fibras de aço com gancho nas extremidades e relação de aspecto igual a 65 foram usadas nas frações volumétricas de 0,75%, 1,00% e 1,50%. Dezesseis tirantes de 800 mm de comprimento e seção transversal quadrada de 150 mm de lado reforçados com uma barra de aço CA-50 de 20 mm de diâmetro foram submetidos à tração axial para determinação das aberturas das fissuras. Os resultados mostraram que as fibras reduziram a abertura média de fissuras em até 75% e que as adições minerais melhoraram o comportamento do concreto na fissuração. As aberturas de fissuras foram comparadas aos valores sugeridos pelas recomendações das normas brasileira, americana e européia, que se mostraram inadequadas para estimar a abertura de fissuras em concretos reforçados com fibras.

O uso de drogas anti-reumáticas na gravidez Use of anti-rheumatic drugs during pregnancy

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Roger A. Levy

2005-06-01

Full Text Available A prescrição de drogas anti-reumáticas em pacientes férteis deve ter em conta o conhecimento atual sobre os efeitos na concepção, gestação e lactação. Um aconselhamento que levasse em consideração os riscos e benefícios do planejamento da gravidez, quando possível, seria o ideal. Com a incorporação de novas substâncias e o aparecimento constante de novos dados na literatura, esse assunto deve ser continuamente atualizado. O estagiamento de acordo com o fator de risco estabelecido pelo FDA é algumas vezes contraditório em relação a nossa prática, em parte porque os estudos em modelos animais podem não ser diretamente aplicáveis a humanos. A terapia com agentes modificadores da resposta biológica é aparentemente segura durante a gestação, considerando-se que tais agentes sejam compostos por moléculas grandes, incapazes de atravessar a placenta. Antiinflamatórios não-esteroidais (incluindo os inibidores específicos de COX-2 podem prejudicar a implantação do óvulo, mas o seu uso é possível no caso da gestação estar em curso, devendo ser evitados após 32 semanas do início da gravidez, quando estão relacionados com complicações fetais. Os inibidores específicos de COX-2 devem ser evitados pelo risco de malformação renal. Aspirina em baixa dose pode ser usada seguramente, quando indicada durante a gravidez. Há preferência pelas heparinas de baixo peso molecular, desde que a não fracionada apresente maior risco de induzir trombocitopenia e sangramento. A hidroxicloroquina é usada e de fato recomendada em gestantes com lúpus, com benefícios para a paciente e sem risco fetal. Varfarina é teratogênica se usada da 6ª a 9ª semana de gestação, mas pode ser usada durante o segundo e terceiro trimestres até a 34ª semana, quando deve ser interrompida com o intuito de evitar sangramento fetal. A imunoglobulina endovenosa é recomendada em casos difíceis de síndrome do anticorpo antifosfolipídeo e vem

Mechanochemical transformations in Li(Na)AlH{sub 4}-Li(Na)NH{sub 2} systems

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Dolotko, Oleksandr [Ames Laboratory of the U.S. DOE, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011-3020 (United States); Zhang Haiqiao [Ames Laboratory of the U.S. DOE, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011-3020 (United States); Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011-2300 (United States); Ugurlu, Ozan [Ames Laboratory of the U.S. DOE, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011-3020 (United States); Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011-2300 (United States); Wiench, Jerzy W. [Ames Laboratory of the U.S. DOE, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011-3020 (United States); Pruski, Marek [Ames Laboratory of the U.S. DOE, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011-3020 (United States); Scott Chumbley, L. [Ames Laboratory of the U.S. DOE, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011-3020 (United States); Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011-2300 (United States); Pecharsky, Vitalij [Ames Laboratory of the U.S. DOE, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011-3020 (United States) and Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011-2300 (United States)]. E-mail: vitkp@ameslab.gov

2007-05-15

Mechanochemical transformations of tetrahydroaluminates and amides of lithium and sodium have been investigated using gas volumetric analysis, X-ray powder diffraction, solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and transmission electron microscopy. In a transformation of LiAlH{sub 4} and LiNH{sub 2} taken in an 1:1 molar ratio, the amount of released hydrogen (6.6 wt.% after 30 min ball milling) was higher than in any known one pot mechanochemical process involving a hydrogen-containing solid. A total of 4.3 wt.% of hydrogen is released by the NaAlH{sub 4}-NaNH{sub 2} system after 60 min ball milling; and 5.2 wt.% H{sub 2} is released when LiAlH{sub 4} and NaNH{sub 2} or NaAlH{sub 4} and LiNH{sub 2} are ball milled for 90 min and 120 min, respectively. All transformations proceed at room temperature. The mechanism of the overall transformation MAlH{sub 4}(s) + MNH{sub 2}(s) {sup {yields}} 2MH(s) + AlN(s) + 2H{sub 2}(g) was identified based on detailed spectroscopic analysis of the intermediate (M{sub 3}AlH{sub 6}) and final products of the ball milling process.

Membranas poliméricas de PE-g-MA-Al/AlPO4 impregnado com Fe, Al - utilização na recuperação de efluentes de galvanoplastia

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Joice Andrade de Araújo

2014-01-01

Full Text Available Neste trabalho foram desenvolvidas membranas filtrantes de materiais híbridos de polietileno de alta densidade modificado com anidrido maleico e ionizado com hidróxido de alumínio (PE-g-MA-Al (matriz orgânica e fosfato de alumínio amorfo puro (AlPO4 ou impregnado com ferro e/ou alumínio (fase dispersa inorgânica. Essas membranas foram obtidas nas composições de PE-g-MA-Al (M1, PE-g-MA-Al/AlPO4 (M2, PE-g-MA-Al/AlPO4-Al (M3, PE-g-MA-Al/AlPO4-Fe (M4 e PE-g-MA-Al/AlPO4-Fe,Al (M5, na proporção de 97/3% em massa, pelo método de "casting", usando xileno à quente e sob refluxo, como solvente. As técnicas de espectroscopia na região do infravermelho (FTIR, difração de raios X (DRX, análise termogravimétrica (TGA, análise textural, tensão superficial e microscopia eletrônica de varredura (MEV serviram para comprovar a influência da natureza dos materiais e da metodologia usada na confecção das membranas na incorporação da fase inorgânica na matriz polimérica e nas propriedades dos materiais híbridos resultantes. A aplicação das membranas na recuperação de metais presentes no efluente de galvanoplastia mostrou que a presença do ferro e/ou alumínio influenciou na morfologia e nas propriedades texturais desses materiais, e consequentemente na utilização como membranas mesoporosas de ultrafiltração, com os melhores resultados apresentados por M1 e M3 na recuperação de ferro (32 e 35% e zinco (62 e 60%.

CIRFT Data Update and Data Analyses for Spent Nuclear Fuel Vibration Reliability Study

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Wang, Jy-An John [Oak Ridge National Lab. (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States); Wang, Hong [Oak Ridge National Lab. (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States)

2017-08-01

The objective of this research is to collect experimental data on spent nuclear fuel (SNF) from pressurized water reactors (PWRs), including the H. B. Robinson Nuclear Power Station (HBR), Catawba Nuclear Station, North Anna Nuclear Power Station (NA), and the Limerick Nuclear Power Station (LMK) boiling water reactor (BWR).

Cross Section Measurements of the Reaction 23Na(p, γ)24Mg

Science.gov (United States)

Boeltzig, Axel; Deboer, Richard James; Macon, Kevin; Wiescher, Michael; Best, Andreas; Imbriani, Gianluca; Gyürky, György; Strieder, Frank

2017-09-01

The reaction 23Na(p, γ)24Mg can provide a link from the NeNa to the MgAl cycle in stellar burning and is therefore of interest in nuclear astrophysics. To determine the reaction rates at stellar temperatures, new cross section measurements at low proton energies have been performed recently, and further experiments are underway. The current cross section data implies that the reaction rate up to temperatures of 1 GK is determined by a few narrow resonances and direct capture. Complementary to these experimental efforts at low proton energies, cross section measurements at higher energies can help to constrain the direct capture and broad resonance contributions to the cross section and reduce the uncertainty of the extrapolation towards stellar energies. In this paper we report an experiment to measure the 23Na(p, γ)24Mg cross section with a solid target setup at the St. ANA 5U accelerator at the University of Notre Dame. The experiment and the current status of data analysis will be described. This work benefited from support by the National Science Foundation under Grant No. PHY-1430152 (JINA-CEE), the Nuclear Science Laboratory (NSL), the Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare (INFN), and the Gran Sasso Science Institute (GSSI).

Stability of detecting system using NaI(Tl)

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Zhuo Yunshang; Lei Zhangyun; Zen Yu; Gong Hua

1996-01-01

A detecting system using NaI(Tl) is widely used in research and industry of nuclear science and other fields. For providing the high accuracy and working well under inclement environment, the stability of detecting system using NaI(Tl) is very important. The variation of environment temperature, the change of counting rate and long time continuous working of detector will cause un-negligible effect on the measurement. Three approaches were used. They are: 1) temperature control (It makes the effect of the variation of environment temperature on the measurement negligible.); 2) spectrum stabilizing (It adjust the peak position of the spectrum when the counting rate changes.); and 3) auto-checking and adjusting (It adjusts the drift of the NaI(Tl) detecting system when it works continuously)

The J/$\\psi$ normal nuclear absorption

CERN Document Server

Alessandro, B; Arnaldi, R; Atayan, M; Beolè, S; Boldea, V; Bordalo, P; Borges, G; Castanier, C; Castor, J; Chaurand, B; Cheynis, B; Chiavassa, E; Cicalò, C; Comets, M P; Constantinescu, S; Cortese, P; De Falco, A; De Marco, N; Dellacasa, G; Devaux, A; Dita, S; Fargeix, J; Force, P; Gallio, M; Gerschel, C; Giubellino, P; Golubeva, M B; Grigorian, A A; Grigorian, S; Guber, F F; Guichard, A; kanyan, H; ldzik, M; Jouan, D; Karavicheva, T L; Kluberg, L; Kurepin, A B; Le Bornec, Y; Lourenço, C; Cormick, M M; Marzari-Chiesa, A; Masera, M; Masoni, A; Monteno, M; Musso, A; Petiau, P; Piccotti, A; Pizzi, J R; Prino, F; Puddu, G; Quintans, C; Ramello, L; Ramos, S; Riccati, L; Santos, H; Saturnini, P; Scomparin, E; Serci, S; Shahoyan, R; Sigaudo, M F; Sitta, M; Sonderegger, P; Tarrago, X; Topilskaya, N S; Usai, G L; Vercellin, E; Villatte, L; Willis, N; Wu T

2005-01-01

We present a new determination of the ratio of cross-sections (J/psi) /DY as expected for nucleus-nucleus reactions if J/psi would only be normally absorbed by nuclear matter. This anticipated behaviour is based on proton-nucleus data exclusively, and compared, as a function of centrality, with updated S-U results from experiment NA38 and with the most recent Pb-Pb results from experiment NA50.

Nano-sized precipitated formations in irradiated NaCl

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Sugonyako, Anton V.

2007-01-01

The interest in the formation of radiation damage in alkali halides and in particular, in NaCl, is stimulated by the fact that rock-salt in stable geological formations is a prominent candidate medium for storage of high-level waste (HLW) of nuclear power plants. Since the 1950s, scientists and

Paganismo e cristianismo na correspondência entre Agostinho de Hipona e Nectário de Calama

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

José Mário Gonçalves

2017-12-01

Full Text Available Este artigo analisa as cartas trocadas pelo bispo católico Agostinho de Hipona e o pagão Nectário de Calama por ocasião dos distúrbios ocorridos em junho de 408. O enfoque do trabalho é perceber as estratégias retóricas usadas pelos correspondentes a fim de demarcar suas respectivas posições diante do conflito. Do lado pagão, Nectário se esforça para defender seus correligionários e poupá-los das punições previstas na lei; do lado cristão, Agostinho procura justificar a disciplina dos culpados, tentando mostrar que elas estão de acordo com a caridade cristã. A correspondência revela o ambiente de conflito entre cristãos e pagãos no início do século V, no qual o cristianismo considerado ortodoxo conta com o apoio do poder Imperial, enquanto os grupos dissidentes se encontram em desvantagem e precisam fazer uso de diversas táticas que visam afirmar sua identidade e resistir ao predomínio católico.

Altura do joelho como medida alternativa confiável na avaliação nutricional de idosos

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Vera Elizabeth CLOSS

2015-10-01

Full Text Available Objetivo:Avaliar o uso da altura do joelho como medida alternativa confiável na avaliação nutricional de idosos atendidos em um ambulatório de geriatria.Métodos:Estudo transversal com idosos atendidos em ambulatório de geriatria de um hospital universitário, entre novembro de 2009 e novembro de 2010. Variáveis investigadas: gênero, idade, peso, estatura, altura do joelho, estatura estimada através das equações de Chumlea, índice de massa corporal para as medidas de estatura aferida e estimada e classificado segundo Lipschitz, e dados sociodemográficos. Na análise descritiva dos dados foram usadas medidas de tendência central, dispersão e proporção; a homogeneidade entre as medidas foi verificada através do coeficiente de correlação intraclasse e do gráfico de Bland e Altman e a concordância entre a avaliação nutricional baseada no índice de massa corporal calculado a partir da estatura aferida e a avaliação nutricional baseada no índice de massa corporal calculado a partir da estatura estimada foi avaliada através do coeficiente Kappa ponderado com pesos quadráticos.Resultados:Foram avaliados 186 idosos com média de idade de 74,3±7,1 anos. A média do índice de massa corporal aferido e estimado foi 28,96±5,86 kg/m2e 27,95±5,47 kg/m2, respectivamente, e a prevalência de sobrepeso foi de 59,7% para o índice de massa corporal aferido e 53,2% para o estimado. Foi observada uma boa concordância (Kappa=0,79; p<0,001 entre as duas avaliações.Conclusão:Os resultados mostraram ser possível utilizar a altura do joelho na estimativa da estatura para cálculo do índice de massa corporal em idosos atendidos em ambulatório, alternativa útil para aqueles que apresentam limitações na aferição das medidas, sendo esta uma medida alternativa importante na avaliação nutricional de idosos.

A portable in situ NaI(Tl) γ spectroscopy system

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Wang Bairong; Dong Binjiang; Zeng Liping

1999-01-01

The author describes a portable in situ NaI(Tl) γ spectroscopy system, which consists of a NaI(Tl) scintillation detector, an integrative spectroscopy card, a notebook computer and the spectroscopy software. The spectrometer addresses applications in environmental or nuclear accident in situ γ spectroscopy measurements, and gives valid quantitative results of radionuclide concentrations per unit volume (Bq/kg) or per unit area (Bq/cm 2 ) in the soil and absorbed dose rate in air 1 m above ground (Gy/h)

Development of Na/sup 123/I pharmaceutical from antimony target

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Yongjian, L.; Qixun, S.; Dequn, S. (Shanghai Inst. of Nuclear Research, Academia Sinica, Shanghai (China))

A new method for the production of Na/sup 123/I is described. It is produced by the /sup 121/Sb(..cap alpha..,2n)/sup 123/I nuclear reaction and using a natural antimony target prepared by electroplating in a bath of antimony oxide and hydrofluoric acid. The target is irradiated with 32MeV ..cap alpha..-beams then transferred to a dry distillation apparatus and the iodide evolved and absorbed in NaOH. Quality control is by paper chromatography.

Influence of communication on public opinion about nuclear energy; Influencia da comunicacao na aceitacao publica da energia nuclear

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Carvalho, Everton de Almeida [ELETROBRAS Termonuclear S.A., (ELETRONUCLEAR), Rio de Janeiro, RJ (Brazil)

1997-12-31

Public opinion on risks and benefits associated to nuclear energy is depending on psychological and social factors and mainly on the communication strategy used to transfer knowledge and facts about nuclear technology to the public. In this work, the individual and collective communication process and the influences on the public opinion on nuclear energy will be analyzed. (author) 3 refs., 1 fig.

Nuclear and non-nuclear safety aspects in nuclear facilities dismantling. The example of a PWR pilot decommissioning project

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Massaut, V.; Deboodt, P.; Dadoumont, J.; Valenduc, P.; Denissen, L.

2002-01-01

The dismantling of nuclear facilities, and in particular of nuclear power plants, involves new challenges for the nuclear industry. Although the dismantling of various activated and contaminated components is nowadays considered as almost industrial practice, the safety aspects of decommissioning bring some specific features which are not always taken into account in the operation of the plants. Moreover, most of the plants and facilities currently decommissioned are rather old and were never foreseen to be decommissioned. The operations involved in dismantling and decontamination, often imply new or unforeseen situations. On the nuclear, or radiological side, the radioprotection optimisation of the operations involved often requires to model the environment and to analyse different scenarios to tackle the operation. Recent 3-D software (like the Visiplan software) allowing representation of the actual environment and the influence of the various sources present, is really needed to be able to minimise the radiological impact on the operators. The risk of contamination spread, by opening loops and components or by the dismantling process itself, is also an important aspect of the radiological protection study. Nevertheless, the radiological aspects of the safety approach are not the only ones to be dealt with when decommissioning nuclear facilities. Indeed, classical industrial safety aspects are also important: the dismantling can bring handling and transporting risk (heavy loads, difficult ways, uneasy access, etc.) but also the handling of toxic or hazardous materials. For instance, the removal of asbestos in contaminated areas can lead to additional hazard; the presence of alkali metals (like Na or NaK), of toxic metals (like e.g. Beryllium) or of corrosive fluids (acid,...) have to be tackled often in unstructured environment, and sometimes with limited knowledge of the actual situation. This leads to approach the operations following the ASARA principle (As

Effect of TGFβ on Na+/K+ ATPase activity in megakaryocytes

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Hosseinzadeh, Zohreh; Schmid, Evi; Shumilina, Ekaterina; Laufer, Stefan; Borst, Oliver; Gawaz, Meinrad; Lang, Florian

2014-01-01

Highlights: • TGFß1 markedly up-regulates Na + /K + ATPase in megakaryocytes. • The effect is abrogated by p38-MAP kinase inhibitor skepinone. • The effect is abrogated by SGK inhibitor EMD638683. • The effect is abrogated by NF-κB inhibitor wogonin. - Abstract: The Na + /K + ATPase generates the Na + and K + concentration gradients across the plasma membrane and is thus essential for cellular electrolyte homeostasis, cell membrane potential and cell volume maintenance. A powerful regulator of Na + /K + ATPase is the serum- and glucocorticoid-inducible kinase 1 (SGK1). The most powerful known regulator of SGK1 expression is TGFß1, which is pivotal in the regulation of megakaryocyte maturation and platelet formation. Signaling involved in the upregulation of SGK1 by TGFß1 includes p38 mitogen activated protein (MAP) kinase. SGK1 in turn phosphorylates the IκB kinase (IKKα/β), which phosphorylates the inhibitor protein IκBα thus triggering nuclear translocation of nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB). The present study explored whether TGFβ influences Na + /K + ATPase activity in megakaryocytes, and if so, whether the effect of TGß1 requires p38 MAP kinase, SGK1 and/or NF-κB. To this end, murine megakaryocytes were treated with TGFß1 and Na + /K + ATPase activity determined from K + induced current utilizing whole cell patch clamp. The pump current (I pump ) was determined in the absence and presence of Na + /K + ATPase inhibitor ouabain (100 μM). TGFß1 (60 ng/ml) was added in the absence or presence of p38 MAP kinase inhibitor skepinone-L (1 μM), SGK1 inhibitor EMD638683 (50 μM) or NF-κB inhibitor wogonin (50 nM). As a result, the I pump was significantly increased by pretreatment of the megakaryocytes with TGFß1, an effect reaching statistical significance within 16 and 24 h and virtually abrogated in the presence of skepinone-L, EMD638683 or wogonin. In conclusion, TGFß1 is a powerful regulator of megakaryocytic Na + /K + ATPase activity

Thermodynamic description of Tc(iv) solubility and carbonate complexation in alkaline NaHCO3-Na2CO3-NaCl systems.

Science.gov (United States)

Baumann, A; Yalçıntaş, E; Gaona, X; Polly, R; Dardenne, K; Prüßmann, T; Rothe, J; Altmaier, M; Geckeis, H

2018-03-28

The solubility of 99 Tc(iv) was investigated in dilute to concentrated carbonate solutions (0.01 M ≤ C tot ≤ 1.0 M, with C tot = [HCO 3 - ] + [CO 3 2- ]) under systematic variation of ionic strength (I = 0.3-5.0 M NaHCO 3 -Na 2 CO 3 -NaCl-NaOH) and pH m (-log[H + ] = 8.5-14.5). Strongly reducing conditions (pe + pH m ≈ 2) were set with Sn(ii). Carbonate enhances the solubility of Tc(iv) in alkaline conditions by up to 3.5 log 10 -units compared to carbonate-free systems. Solvent extraction and XANES confirmed that Tc was kept as +IV during the timeframe of the experiments (≤ 650 days). Solid phase characterization performed by XAFS, XRD, SEM-EDS, chemical analysis and TG-DTA confirmed that TcO 2 ·0.6H 2 O(am) controls the solubility of Tc(iv) under the conditions investigated. Slope analysis of the solubility data in combination with solid/aqueous phase characterization and DFT calculations indicate the predominance of the species Tc(OH) 3 CO 3 - at pH m ≤ 11 and C tot ≥ 0.01 M, for which thermodynamic and activity models are derived. Solubility data obtained above pH m ≈ 11 indicates the formation of previously unreported Tc(iv)-carbonate species, possibly Tc(OH) 4 CO 3 2- , although the likely formation of additional complexes prevents deriving a thermodynamic model valid for this pH m -region. This work provides the most comprehensive thermodynamic dataset available for the system Tc 4+ -Na + -Cl - -OH - -HCO 3 - -CO 3 2- -H 2 O(l) valid under a range of conditions relevant for nuclear waste disposal.

Comparison of Five Nuclear Isolation Buffers for Flow Cytometric ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

Jocky

2012-02-23

Feb 23, 2012 ... species. A systematic comparison of nuclear lysis buffers has been ... All experiments were carried out with 3 replicates (n = 3) per treatment. ... Na2EDTA, 0.5 mM spermine.4HCl, 80 mM KCl, 20 mM NaCl, 0.1%. (v/v) Triton ...

US and Russian academies forge ties for nuclear security

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Eldridge, Christopher A.

2005-01-01

In response to the growing threats of nuclear terrorism and proliferation, the US National Academies (NA) and the Russian Academy of Sciences (RAS) initiated a series of joint projects in early 2002 that bring their concerted expertise to bear on the challenges of cooperation between their two countries on nuclear non-proliferation. The IAEA has lent its talent and support to this inter-academy collaboration by hosting workshops that were jointly organized by the NA and RAS with financial support from the US-based Nuclear Threat Initiative. The two workshops, held at IAEA headquarters in September 2003, shed valuable light on both the obstacles and opportunities being faced. The first workshop explored ways of overcoming impediments to cooperation between the US and Russia on nuclear non-proliferation. Participants included current and former US and Russian government officials with responsibility for cooperative programs as well as experts from non-governmental organizations in the two countries. The second workshop convened a multinational group of experts on nuclear materials protection, control, and accounting (MPC and A) to discuss practices and procedures in light of the evolving threats of nuclear proliferation and terrorism

How the Nuclear Applications Laboratories Help in Strengthening Emergency Response

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

2014-01-01

Safety is one of the most important considerations when engaging in highly advanced scientific and technological activities. In this respect, utilizing the potential of nuclear technology for peaceful purposes also involves risks, and nuclear techniques themselves can be useful in strengthening emergency response measures related to the use of nuclear technology. In the case of a nuclear incident, the rapid measurement and subsequent monitoring of radiation levels are top priorities as they help to determine the degree of risk faced by emergency responders and the general public. Instruments for the remote measurement of radioactivity are particularly important when there are potential health risks associated with entering areas with elevated radiation levels. The Nuclear Science and Instrumentation Laboratory (NSIL) — one of the eight laboratories of the Department of Nuclear Sciences and Applications (NA) in Seibersdorf, Austria — focuses on developing a variety of specialized analytical and diagnostic instruments and methods, and transferring knowledge to IAEA Member States. These include instruments capable of carrying out remote measurements. This emergency response work carried out by the NA laboratories supports health and safety in Member States and supports the IAEA’s mandate to promote the safe and peaceful use of nuclear energy

Assessment of maximal erythrocyte Na+, K+-ATPase activity in patients with various arterial hypertensions by using 23Na NMR

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Revazov, A.V.; Knubovets, T.L.; Sibel'dina, L.A.; Sumarokov, A.V.; AN SSSR, Moscow

1990-01-01

The paper provides measurements of maximal erythrocyte Na + , K + -ATPase activity in 20 patients with hypertensive disease, 20 patients with secondary hypertension and 20 healthy donors. The investigation was made by high-resolution nuclear magnetic resonance using sodium nuclei. A significant decrease was found in Na + , K + -ATPase activity in the patients with hypertensive disease (9.0±0.3 mg-equiv. per liter cells an hour) as compared with those with secondary hypertension (10.3±0.3 mg-equiv. per liter cells an hour) and the controls (10.5±0.3 mg-equiv. per liter cells an hour), which supports the finding of impaired membrane morphology in hypertensive disease

Normas percibidas por los estudiantes universitarios hondureños acerca de sus pares y el uso de tabaco, alcohol, marihuana y cocaína Normas percebidas pelos estudantes universitários hondurenhos sobre os pares e o uso de tabaco, álcool, maconha e cocaína Perceived norms among honduran university students about peers and tobacco, alcohol, marijuana and cocaine use

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Syntia Dinora Santos Figueroa

2009-01-01

Full Text Available El propósito del presente estudio fue estimar la diferencia entre las normas percibidas sobre el uso de drogas por los pares y el uso real informado por estudiantes universitarios, entre 18 a 24 años, del segundo y tercer año en el área de Educación. La teoría de las Normas Sociales fue usada como marco referencial. 286 estudiantes participaron en el estudio, el 67% expresó haber consumido alcohol al menos una vez en la vida y el 28% declaró consumirlo diariamente. Los estudiantes percibieron que 62% de sus compañeros consumen tabaco y el 63% alcohol. El estándar percibido de consumo de drogas fue ligeramente más alto entre las mujeres que en los hombres. Se concluye que los resultados indican una sobreestimación al compararse el estándar percibido con el consumo informado de tabaco y alcohol así como de marihuana y cocaína.O objetivo do presente estudo foi estimar a diferença entre as normas percebidas sobre o uso de drogas pelos pares e o próprio uso em estudantes universitários, entre 18 e 24 anos, do segundo e terceiro ano da área de educação. A teoria das Normas Sociais foi usada como marco referencial. Participaram do estudo 286 estudantes, sendo que 67% declararam ter consumido álcool ao menos uma vez na vida e 28%, diariamente. Os estudantes estimaram que 62% dos pares consomem tabaco e 63%, álcool. A norma percebida para o consumo de drogas foi ligeiramente mais alta em mulheres do que em homens. Como conclusão os resultados indicaram hiperestimativa ao se comparar a norma percebida com o próprio consumo, em relação ao tabaco, ao álcool, à maconha e à cocaína.The purpose of this study was to assess the difference between perceived norms and peers' drug use among sophomore and junior university students (from the field of education aged 18 to 24 years. The Social Norms Theory was used as the theoretical framework. In total, 286 students participated in the study, 67% of which reported having consumed

Environmental background level of cosmic ray produced 22Na

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Tokuyama, H.; Oonishi, M.; Matsuura, H.

1993-01-01

The annual deposition rate of cosmogenic 22 Na has been studied at Fukui City, Japan, to obtain the current background level. The deposition rate was found to range from 0.16 to 0.22 Bq m -2 y -1 with a mean value of 0.20 Bq m -2 y -1 for the years 1986-1990. The author's results agree fairly well with those observed for the years 1975-1977 in Tokyo. The 22 Na concentration in rain water was also estimated. The mean value for this period was found to be 0.09 mBq litre -1 , which is about one-third of that detected during the latter half of the 1950's. The high levels of environmental 22 Na in the 1950's are attributed to the many nuclear weapon tests conducted at that time. At present, however, the 22 Na from these weapons tests has practically decayed and the concentration in rain water has decreased to the natural background level. (Author)

Adaptabilidade na produção de massa verde e grãos de genótipos de milho no Tocantins

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Edmar Vinícius de Carvalho

Full Text Available Condições distintas de cultivo fazem com que a resposta dos genótipos seja diferente em cada situação. Para amenizar o efeito desta interação são realizadas análises de adaptabilidade e estabilidade, que auxiliam na escolha dos genótipos. Porém, muitas vezes, um genótipo apresenta diversas finalidades, causando problemas ao agricultor em algumas situações e, o uso de genótipos específicos, poderia ser uma solução. O objetivo desta pesquisa foi estudar a adaptabilidade e estabilidade de genótipos de milho na região Centro-Sul do Estado do Tocantins, e classificá-los, quanto a tendência da finalidade produtiva: grãos ou massa verde. Foram realizados oito experimentos em dois municípios do Tocantins na entressafra 2010 e na safra 2010/2011, sendo avaliados 16 genótipos de milho. Avaliou-se a massa verde total da planta e a produção de grãos (em g planta-1, as quais foram usadas na análise de adaptabilidade e estabilidade e, posteriormente buscou-se classificar a tendência da finalidade produtiva dos genótipos. Os genótipos P09, P12, P10, H02 e H01 apresentaram classificação do coeficiente de regressão superior na produção de grãos em relação à massa verde total da planta, acontecendo o contrário com os genótipos P02 e P01. O genótipo H01, quanto à produção de grãos, foi adaptado a ambientes favoráveis e apresentou tendência da finalidade produtiva para esta característica. Ao contrário dos genótipos P08 e P02, que foram adaptados a ambos ambientes e a ambientes favoráveis, respectivamente, quanto à massa verde total da planta e, obtiveram tendência da finalidade produtiva para esta característica.

Informal Progress Report Contract Number: DE-FG03-02NA00074/A000

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Brune, Carl R.; Grimes, Steven M.

2003-01-01

OAK B127 We report on work performed under contract DE-FG03-03NA00074 since January 1,2003. The research is in the area of low energy nuclear reactions and nuclear structure. The progress on research on level densities and improvement to R-Matrix calculations are presented. The preparations to begin high resolution experiments on p-shell nuclei are reviewed

Production of no carrier added residue free /sup 22/Na

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Britto, J L.Q. de; Bastos, M A.V.; Silva, R.F. da; Silva, A.G. da

1988-05-02

A method for the production of no carrier added and residue free /sup 22/Na, was developed via the /sup 24/Mg(d,..cap alpha..)/sup 22/Na nuclear reaction applying 14 MeV deuterons and a high current MG-Cu target. The yield for the reaction was measured and the chemical separation was performed using a Dowex 50WX8 resin in H/sup +/ form. The overall yield was higher than 98%. Residue could not be detected. All experiments were carried out at IEN's CV-28 cyclotron. (author) 13 refs.; 2 figs.

Métodos cromatográficos para determinar aminas biogênicas em alimentos de origem animal

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

César Aquiles Lázaro de la Torre

2013-12-01

Full Text Available Aminas biogenicas sao formadas como resultado da descarboxilacao de aminoacidos livres especificos. A analise desses metabolitos e de grande importancia na determinacao da qualidade e monitoramento de biogenicas como histamina e tiramina relacionadas com episodios de intoxicacao em humanos. A cromatografia e uma tecnica de separacao química usada para caracterizar aminas biogenicas. Variacoes da tecnica (cromatografia liquida, em camada delgada e gasosa tem sido amplamente usadas, porem a complexidade da matriz alimentar faz com que sejam realizadas mudancas nos processos de extracao, derivatizacao e deteccao em concordancia com cada grupo de alimento. A cromatografia liquida de alta eficiencia (CLAE e o metodo mais utilizado na determinacao de aminas biogenicas em alimentos. Contudo, devido a importancia das aminas biogenicas no controle da qualidade e a seguranca do consumidor, os pesquisadores tentam desenvolver novos metodos com o intuito de uma analise mais rapida e precisa para o controle de alimentos no mercado. O objetivo da revisao e apresentar algumas tecnicas cromatograficas aplicadas no monitoramento de aminas biogenicas em produtos de origem animal.

Parametri za procena na kvalitetot na polietilenska i na polipropilenska ambalaza i na gumeni zatvoraci nameneti za farmacevtski preparati

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Liljana Ugrinova

2002-03-01

Full Text Available Napraven e pregled na parametrite za procena na kvalitetot na polietilenska i na polipropilenska ambalaza i na gumeni zatvoraci nameneti za farmacevtski preparati. Za procena na kvalitetot na ispituvaniot materijal bea izvrseni fizicki, hemiski i bioloski ispituvanja spored postapkite dadeni vo Ph. Eur., DIN i spored DIN ISO standardite. Baranjata za kvalitet na ovoj vid ambalaza propisani spored Ph. Eur., DIN i DIN ISO standardite se razlikuvaat vo odnos na predvidenite parametri za fizicki, za hemiski i za bioloski ispituvanja. Isto taka, propisani se i razlicni granici na dozvoleno otstapuvanje na oddelni parametri.

Characterisation, repackaging and incineration of NaK and Na used for heat transfer experiences on LMFBR at the JRC-Ispra site

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Mazzuccato, M.; D' Alberti, F.; D' Amati, F. [European Commission, Joint Research Centre, Nuclear Decommissioning Unit, Via Fermi 210207 Ispra VA (Italy)

2010-07-01

The Joint Research Centre (JRC) is a service of the European Commission and its mission is to provide scientific and technical support to the EU policies. At the Italian JRC Ispra site is currently ongoing a nuclear decommissioning program aimed at dismantling and disposing facilities and materials no longer used for nuclear research purposes, e.g. alkali metals, whose radioactive content has to be checked prior the disposal as radioactive or conventional waste. This paper describes the project phases consisting in characterising, repackaging and disposing of {approx}607 kg of alkali metals, composed by {approx}397 kg of NaK liquid alloy and {approx}210 kg of Na metal. The material was used in the past for scientific experiences on heat transfer for liquid metal fast breeder reactors. The alkali metals are very reactive in presence of water leading to the formation of hydrogen; moreover the NaK had been stored for several years in a bunker inside drums unable to guarantee the needed confinement, with the consequent formation of oxygenated compounds in the outer layer of the alloy crust, as Na{sub 2}O{sub 2}, NaO{sub 2}, K{sub 2}O{sub 2} and KO{sub 2}, unstable if moved in presence of the liquid substrate. To perform the characterization and repackaging operations in a safe manner, avoiding any possible reaction between the liquid alloy and the solid surface of oxides, the alloy has been solidified reducing bunker temperature down to the alloy melting point (-15 deg. C). The sampling has been carried out by means of glove bag sealed on the top of each drum and filled in with inert gas to reduce the presence of humidity. Having characterization campaign proved that the alkali metals could not be classified as radioactive material, the NaK and Na containers were shipped to UK in a refrigerated truck. In order to allow a safe thermal destruction in a conventional incineration plant, additional repackaging has been performed in a UK plant to reduce the amount of alkali

Incentivos, competências e conhecimento: evidência na França e integração teórica

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Fabrice Galia

2007-06-01

Full Text Available Este artigo examina a criação do conhecimento, bem como a partilha e a transferência de processos em firmas de manufatura na perspectiva da inovação. Primeiramente, usando dados franceses, mostra a complementariedade entre a gerência de recursos humanos e as práticas de gerência do conhecimento (HRM e KM, e seu impacto na inovação. Expõe a diversidade organizational das firmas. Três conjuntos ou pacotes de práticas organizationais são identificados como "sistemas das práticas HRM e de KM". Caracterizamos, respectivamente, (i firmas tradicionais na organização do trabalho; (ii firmas usando práticas de gestão de pessoal com incentivos e (iii firmas de aprendizagem, adicionando aos incentivos práticas de gerência do conhecimento. Correspondem aos modelos organizationais teóricos, includindo arquiteturas organizationais modernas, baseadas em incentivos para desenvolver competências e conhecimento, sem deixar de lado firmas inspiradas em tayloring. Os resultados empíricos permitem concluir que os pacotes das práticas de HRM e de KM produzem significativo e positivo impacto no desempenho da inovação, quando mudanças marginais em práticas individuais dão pouco resultado. Além disso, a fim de confirmar tais complementariedades, concentramo-nos em quatro práticas específicas usadas, principalmente, por firmas: gerência da equipe, dos incentivos, do treinamento e do conhecimento. Empregamos novo procedimento, baseado no conceito de supermodularidade, para estudar a complementaridade e a substitutabilidade em casos onde práticas organizationais múltiplas afetam o desempenho inovativo. Este procedimento baseia-se na limitação múltipla da desigualdade. Nossos resultados sugerem que as firmas usam certas práticas de maneira comum e sistematicamente, que explicam sinergias existentes. O resultado confirma a noção de que a gerência do conhecimento é mais eficaz quando acompanhada pela organização da equipe e por

Analgesia preemptiva com S(+cetamina e bupivacaína peridural em histerectomia abdominal Analgesia preemptiva con S(+cetamina y bupivacaína peridural en histerectomía abdominal Preemptive analgesia with epidural bupivacaine and S(+ketamine in abdominal hysterectomy

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Ferdinand Edson de Castro

2005-02-01

Full Text Available JUSTIFICATIVA E OBJETIVOS: O presente estudo investiga a capacidade de o antagonista do receptor NMDA, S(+cetamina, associado à injeção peridural de anestésico local (bupivacaína, previamente administrado à incisão promover analgesia preemptiva em pacientes submetidas a histerectomia total abdominal. MÉTODO: Foram avaliadas 30 pacientes, distribuídas aleatoriamente em dois grupos de igual tamanho e estudadas prospectivamente de forma encoberta. Injeção peridural e inserção de cateter foram realizadas entre os interespaços de L1-L2. No grupo I (G1, n = 15, as pacientes receberam, por via peridural, 17 mL de bupivacaína a 0,25%, sem vasoconstritor, associados a 30 mg de S(+cetamina (3 mL, trinta minutos antes da incisão cirúrgica; após 30 minutos da incisão, receberam 20 mL de solução fisiológica a 0,9%. No grupo 2 (G2, n = 15, receberam 20 mL de solução fisiológica, por via peridural, 30 minutos antes da incisão, sendo feita administração de 17 mL de bupivacaína a 0,25% associados a 30 mg de S(+cetamina (3 mL, trinta minutos depois da incisão. Após a injeção peridural, realizou-se anestesia geral com propofol, pancurônio, O2 e isoflurano. Para analgesia pós-operatória foi usada solução peridural em bolus de fentanil associada à bupivacaína, em intervalo mínimo de quatro horas e suplementação com dipirona, se necessária. Avaliou-se a intensidade da dor através de escala numérica e verbal (ao despertar, 6, 12, 18 e 24 horas após o término da operação, o tempo necessário para solicitar pela primeira vez o analgésico e o consumo total de analgésicos. RESULTADOS: Não houve diferença significativa entre os grupos em relação ao tempo para solicitar analgésicos pela primeira vez, ao consumo de analgésicos e aos escores de dor pelas escalas numérica e verbal. CONCLUSÕES: Não foi possível demonstrar efeito preemptivo com a utilização peridural de S(+cetamina e bupivacaína nas doses

[Nuclear matrix organization of the chromocenters in cultured murine fibroblasts].

Science.gov (United States)

Sheval', E V; Poliakov, V Iu

2010-01-01

In the current work, the structural organization of nuclear matrix of pericentromeric heterochromatin blocks (chromocenters) inside cultured murine fibroblasts was investigated. After 2 M NaCl extraction without DNase I treatment, chromocenters were extremely swelled, and it was impossible to detect them using conventional electron microscopy. Using immunogolding with anti-topoisomerase IIalpha antibody, we demonstrated that residual chromocenters were subdivided into numerous discrete aggregates. After 2 M NaCl extraction with DNase I treatment, the residual chromocenters appeared as a dense meshwork of thin fibers, and using this feature, the residual chromocenters were easily distinguished from the rest of nuclear matrix. After extraction with dextran sulfate and heparin, the chromocenters were decondensed, and chromatin complexes having rosette organization (central core from which numerous DNA fibers radiated) were seen. Probably, the appearance of these rosettes was a consequence of incomplete chromatin extraction. Thus, the nuclear matrix of pericentromeric chromosome regions in cultured murine fibroblasts differs morphologically from the rest of nuclear matrix.

COMPONENTES E COMPOSIÇÃO QUÍMICA DO RESÍDUO DE LIMPEZA DO ARROZ E SUA UTILIZAÇÃO NA ALIMENTAÇÃO DE NOVILHAS LEITEIRAS

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Clair Jorge Olivo

1991-08-01

Full Text Available RESUMO Este experimento, conduzido em Santa Maria - RS, foi realizado objetivando estudar a composição, qualidade do resíduo de limpeza do arroz e sua utilização na alimentação de novilhas leiteiras. Para avaliação dos componentes (grãos inteiros, grãos chochos, grãos quebrados, cascas, palhas, sementes de capim arroz, impurezas, pó e pequenas partículas e sua composição química foram utilizadas amostras de resíduo de limpeza do arroz (pós-secagem oriundos da região de abrangência de Santa Maria (RS, em dois anos consecutivos. Os resultados demonstraram diferenças significativas (P<0,05 em termos de proteína bruta e digestibilidade entre os componentes, mantendo-se no entanto, semelhança na composição química do resíduo entre as amostras de cada ano. Para avaliação com animais foram usadas 12 novilhas Holandês (6 por tratamento, complementadas a razão de 1% do peso vivo, com resíduo de limpeza do arroz (Tratamento 1 e farelo de arroz desengordurado (Tratamento 2, durante o inverno, em pastagem de setária (Setária spp.. Os resultados, quanto ao ganho de peso, foram de 0,282 e 0,376kg/novilha/dia, respectivamente, não demonstrando diferença significativa (P<0,05 entre os tratamentos.

Laser-induced nuclear orientation and gamma anisotropy in sodium

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Pappas, P.G.

1980-12-01

The use of laser optical pumping to induce nuclear orientation in several isotopes and one isomer of atomic sodium vapor is described. Essentially complete nuclear polarization, P > 90%, has been achieved in stable 23 Na when pumping with modest laser intensities (I approx. = 10 mW/cm 2 ). The volume of the sample cell was approximately 10 cc, and was filled with a sodium density of about 10'' atoms/cc. Complete coverage of the Doppler distribution was accomplished with the use of trace amounts (less than or equal to 1 torr) of argon buffer gas to induce velocity changing collisions. A theoretical model which accurately predicts the amount of polarization is developed. The orientation of nuclei which are unstable to gamma decay can manifest itself in anisotropic gamma ray emission. This anisotropy can be used to measure isotope and isomer shifts, from which nuclear properties can be derived. Gamma anisotropy was observed in two systems, 22 Na and /sup 24m/Na. From the observed anisotropy in /sup 24m/Na, a negative sign for the g factor is determined. Values are derived for the magnetic moment, μ = 2.56 +- 0.64 nm, and the isomer shift, deltaν/sub 24m/ = 288 +- 191 MHz (D1 line). A model is described which relates various laser and fubber gas parameters to the observed gamma anisotropy lineshape. This model facilitates the extraction of physical parameters from knowledge of the laser frequency at which the anisotropy is a maximum

International law and arms control: Soviet Union and Russia’s stance on nuclear test ban treaties

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Renata Hessmann Dalaqua

2013-12-01

Full Text Available The long-lasting struggle against nuclear tests can be examined through different perspectives. In this paper, the focus will be on the part played by the USSR and Russia in the international efforts aimed at establishing legal instruments to outlaw nuclear explosions in space, underground, under water and in the atmosphere.  A luta contra os testes nucleares pode ser examinada sob diferentes perspectivas. Aqui, o foco recairá sobre o papel desempenhado pela União Soviética e Rússia na criação de instrumentos legais para proibir explosões nucleares no espaço, no subsolo, debaixo da água e na atmosfera.

Contamination monitoring of Na 131 I levels in therapy unit of Research Institute for Nuclear Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences by indirect method (Wipe test)

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Beiki, D.; Shahhosseini, S.; Eftekhari, M.; Takavar, A.; Fard-Esfahani, A.

2003-01-01

Contamination with radiopharmaceuticals in nuclear medicine centres in addition to being a health concern requires time consuming decontamination efforts. According to Nuclear Regulatory Commission Contamination should be monitored in nuclear medicine centers where radiopharmaceuticals are prepared and administrated at the end of each working session; otherwise, contamination spread to other areas not only equipment but also personnel and other people will be expected. The wipe test for the presence of radioactivity is accomplished by wiping the surface over an area approximately 100 cm 2 with an absorbent paper, then counting it in an appropriate radiation detector. In this study, contamination monitoring of patient's rooms (4 rooms), entrance corridor, patient's corridor, waiting room, control room (nursing station), radiopharmaceutical storage room in therapy unit of Research Institute for Nuclear Medicine, Shariati hospital was performed by indirect method. Based on the results, some areas including storage room were contaminated. There was also a direct relationship between dose administrated and levels of contamination in patient's rooms. Regarding high uptake of iodine by thyroid gland and damaging effects of Na 131 I, weekly wipe tests are required to determine the level of contamination. Patient's rooms after discharging the patients and before re hospitalization specially should be checked. If these tests reveal contamination over standard levels, appropriate decontamination procedures should be carried out immediately

Occurrence of /sup 22/Na in some species of Canadian biota

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Guthrie, J E

1965-09-01

Cosmic-ray spallation of argon and fallout from testing of high-yield nuclear weapons have increased the amount of /sup 22/Na present in the environment. Consequently, it has been possible to measure /sup 22/Na in Alaskan natives, caribou, elk, and some foods. Samples of flora and fauna were routinely collected in the vicinity of Pinawa, Manitoba, as a part of the Whiteshell Nuclear Research Establishment's radiation survey program. Gamma spectrometric analysis methods revealed the presence of /sup 22/Na in samples taken during 1964, in addition to other long-lived fission products such as /sup 144/Ce, /sup 125/Sb, /sup 106/Ru, /sup 137/Cs, and /sup 54/Mn. Sodium-22 was measured in samples of muscle tissue taken from the red squirrel (Tamiasciurus sp.) and hare (Lepus americanus), but was not detected in the flesh of the short-tailed weasel (Mustela erminea). Sodium-22 was detected neither in the sweet (white) clover which grew profusely in the area where the mammals were trapped nor in composite samples of Winnipeg River water in any of the species of fish taken from the river during this period: rock bass (Amblopletes rupestris), sucker (Castostomus sp.), pike (Esox lucius), pickerel (Stizostedion vitreum), and sauger (Stizostedion canadense). However, /sup 22/Na has been reported in bass caught in the Columbia River, Washington. Potassium-40 and /sup 137/Cs means in the samples examined indicate an apparent increase in the amounts of /sup 137/Cs. The amount of /sup 22/Na measured in rabbits is much less than the maximum permissible body burden for the nuclide (10 ..mu..C).

Studies in Low-Energy Nuclear Science

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Carl R. Brune; Steven M. Grimes

2010-01-13

This report presents a summary of research projects in the area of low energy nuclear reactions and structure, carried out between March 1, 2006 and October 31, 2009 which were supported by U.S. DOE grant number DE-FG52-06NA26187.

Concentração plasmática de lidocaína durante a broncofibroscopia

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Maria Sucena

2004-07-01

Full Text Available RESUMO: A lidocaína é frequentemente usada para anestesia local durante a realização da broncofibroscopia (BFC. Tem sido sugerido que a dose total de lidocaína deverá ser inferior a 300-400 mg (< 8,2 mg/kg. A toxicidade da lidocaína está directamente relacionada com a sua concentração sanguínea. Uma concentração plasmática inferior a 5 μg/ml é considerada segura.Foram objectivos deste trabalho a determinação das concentrações plasmáticas da lidocaína, a frequência com que são atingidas concentrações em níveis potencialmente tóxicos e sua correlação com eventuais efeitos laterais.Os níveis plasmáticos de lidocaína foram determinados em 30 doentes submetidos a BFC. A lidocaína foi administrada sob a forma de gel a 2%, spray a 10% e solução a 2%. Foram recolhidas amostras de sangue venoso antes do início da anestesia local e aos 20, 30 e 40 minutos após a sua aplicação.Foi administrada uma dose total média de 746,3±± 159,5 mg (11,6±3,1 mg/kg de lidocaína.Antes do início da anestesia os níveis plasmáticos de lidocaína foram inferiores a 0,1 μg/ml.A concentração plasmática de lidocaína foi de 3,2±1,7 μg/ml, 3,3±1,7 μg/ml e 3,0±1,5 μg/ml respectivamente aos 20, 30 e 40 minutos.Verificaram-se níveis considerados tóxicos em 6 doentes, mas não se observaram reacções adversas relacionadas com a lidocaína.Apesar de a quantidade de lidocaína usada neste estudo exceder a dose máxima recomendada e de se terem verificado níveis considerados tóxicos, não foram observadas complicações. A determinação do limite máximo de lidocaína a administrar deverá ser estabelecida, apesar de doses superiores a 400 mg parecerem ser seguras.REV PORT PNEUMOL 2004; X (4: 287-296 ABSTRACT: Lidocaine is commonly used for

Real-time control of electronic motion: Application to NaI

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Grønager, Michael; Henriksen, Niels Engholm

1998-01-01

+ + I- depends on the electron distribution (i.e., where the electron "sits") prior to the time where the bond is broken by a subpicosecond half-cycle unipolar electromagnetic pulse. Thus we control, in real time, which nucleus one of the valence electrons will follow after the bond is broken. (C) 1998......We study theoretically the electronic and nuclear dynamics in NaI. After a femtosecond pulse has prepared a wave packet in the first excited state, we consider the adiabatic and the nonadiabatic electronic dynamics and demonstrate explicitly that a nonstationary electron is created in Na...

Stimulated nuclear spin echos and spectral diffusion in glasses

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Borges, N.M.; Engelsberg, M.

1984-01-01

Experimental results of stimulated nuclear spin echos decay in glasses are presented. The measurements were performed in B 2 O 3 glasses, at the 23Na and 11 B resonance lines. The data analysis allows the study of Spectral diffusion at an inhomogeneous nuclear magnetic (NMR) resonance line, broadened for a desordered system of nuclear spins. A model is proposed to explain the time constants, and the particular form of the decay. (A.C.A.S.) [pt

Assessment of maximal erythrocyte Na sup + , K sup + -ATPase activity in patients with various arterial hypertensions by using sup 23 Na NMR. Otsenka maksimal'noj aktivnosti Na sup + , K sup + -ATFazy v ehritrotsitakh u bol'nykh s razlichnymi formami arterial'noj gipertenzii metodom sup 23 Na-YaMR

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Revazov, A V; Knubovets, T L; Sibel' dina, L A; Sumarokov, A V [Pervyj Moskovskij Meditsinskij Inst., Moscow (USSR) AN SSSR, Moscow (USSR). Inst. Khimicheskoj Fiziki

1990-03-01

The paper provides measurements of maximal erythrocyte Na{sup +}, K{sup +}-ATPase activity in 20 patients with hypertensive disease, 20 patients with secondary hypertension and 20 healthy donors. The investigation was made by high-resolution nuclear magnetic resonance using sodium nuclei. A significant decrease was found in Na{sup +}, K{sup +}-ATPase activity in the patients with hypertensive disease (9.0{plus minus}0.3 mg-equiv. per liter cells an hour) as compared with those with secondary hypertension (10.3{plus minus}0.3 mg-equiv. per liter cells an hour) and the controls (10.5{plus minus}0.3 mg-equiv. per liter cells an hour), which supports the finding of impaired membrane morphology in hypertensive disease.

Načrtovan porod na domu

OpenAIRE

Todorović, Tamara; Takač, Iztok

2017-01-01

Izhodišča: Porod na domu je sicer star toliko kot človeštvo, pa vendar v veliki večini srednje in visoko razvitih držav prevladuje mnenje, da so zaradi nepredvidljivosti zapletov porodnišnice najbolj varno okolje za rojevanje. Kljub temu obstaja peščica držav, v katerih je porod na domu integriran v sistem zdravstvenega varstva (npr. Nizozemska, Velika Britanija, Kanada). Pri porodih na domu ločimo nenačrtovane in načrtovane porode na domu, slednje pa lahko nadalje razdelimo še na porode s sp...

Cristalización y predicción de la estructura tridimensional de la proteína homóloga del receptor activado para la quinasa c (lack de leishmania

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Edwin Patiño González

2014-10-01

Full Text Available Los parásitos del género Leishmania son los causantes de la enfermedad conocida como Leishmaniasis. Esta enfermedad es endémica en 98 países. Veinte especies de Leishmania sp han sido descritas como patógenos en humanos y varias de ellas presentan manifestaciones clínicas diferentes. No se dispone de vacuna, a pesar del considerable esfuerzo de muchos grupos de investigación. Las alternativas para descubrir nuevos medicamentos están basadas en el diseño de compuestos que interaccionen con blancos específicos, principalmente, proteínas encargadas de procesos metabólicos o celulares del patógeno, e.g. la parasitación de las células del huésped vertebrado. La eficiente parasitación del huésped vertebrado por Leishmania depende de la expresión de diferentes proteínas, incluyendo la proteína Lack. Parásitos deficientes de Lack no sobreviven internalizados en las células de los vertebrados. Este artículo presenta las condiciones de renaturalización, purificación y cristalización de la proteína Lack del patógeno humano Leishmania (Viannia panamensis. Además, los resultados de modelación estructural de esta proteína muestran una conformación proteica similar a un ventilador organizado en 7 aspas, cada una compuesta de 4 hojas β. La estructura de la proteína Lack resultó similar a la proteína asociada a ribosoma RACK1 de Trypanosoma brucei y Saccharomyces cerevisiae, y a la de otros eucariotas. Las características estructurales de la proteína Lack podrían ser usadas para la exploración de nuevos fármacos.

Compact device for the extraction of sup(99m)TcO4Na

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Pliego, O.H.; Mitta, A.E.A.

1982-01-01

A non automatic device for the extraction of sup(99m)TcO 4 Na by liquid-liquid extraction method is described. It has been developed at the Laboratory of Labelled Molecules of the CNEA and was installed at the Nuclear Medicine Centre of the Hospital de Clinicas Jose de San Martin. The solutions of sup(99m)TcO 4 Na are used for the labelling of radiopharmaceuticals and also for making radiodiagnosis. (author) [es

Thermogravimetric and nuclear magnetic resonance study of hydrated Na-β''-alumina

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Donoso, P.; Panepucci, H.; Gobato, Y.G.; Oliveira, L.N.; Souza, D.P.F. de

1990-01-01

This paper reports thermogravimetric and proton spin-lattice relaxation times measurement of hydrated Na-β''-alumina, which yield information about the identification of the sites where the loosely bound water molecules are located in the polycrystalline sample. It examines also the influence of impurities on the motion of the protons. (autor) [pt

A farmacobotânica, ainda tem lugar na moderna anestesiologia? ¿La farmacobotánica, aún tiene lugar en la moderna anestesiología? Is there still a place for pharmacobotany in modern anesthesiology?

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Nilton Bezerra do Vale

2002-06-01

Full Text Available JUSTIFICATIVA E OBJETIVOS: Recentemente, o uso de chás medicinais - infusões, decoctos, tisanas, tinturas - ou medicamentos de origem vegetal vem sendo retomado de maneira sistemática e crescente na profilaxia e tratamento das doenças, ao lado da terapêutica convencional, na maioria dos países ocidentais. A presente revisão objetiva analisar as principais plantas que serviram como base de progresso para a moderna terapêutica anestesiológica através de sua utilização como modelos moleculares para síntese orgânica na moderna química fina de ponta, bem como fornecer mais embasamento sobre benefícios, potenciais efeitos adversos, interações e risco de efeitos colaterais que possam afetar o ato anestésico no paciente cirúrgico usuário habitual de fitoterapia. CONTEÚDO: Considerações anestesiológicas selecionadas são discutidas focalizando uma pequena revisão sobre ervas medicinais mais populares que foram essenciais no desenvolvimento de uma farmacologia anestesiológica e, ainda, as potenciais interações de plantas medicinais usadas por pacientes para tratar suas doenças ou controlar seus sintomas com drogas sintéticas usadas na anestesia. CONCLUSÕES: Enquanto a Medicina especializada fascina-se cada vez mais com a tecnologia avançada de novos fármacos e de fantásticos monitores, cresce em vários países o número de pacientes que desejam uma abordagem mais holística com rejeição dos modernos métodos de tratamento, optando por chás, meditações, dietas vegetarianas, anti-oxidantes, entre outros. Cabe ao anestesiologista avaliar quanto o conhecimento de farmacognosia e de farmacobotânica pode ajudá-lo na prática anestésica e, principalmente, na segurança de seu paciente.JUSTIFICATIVA Y OBJETIVOS: Recientemente, el uso de tés medicinales - infusiones, decocciones, tisanas, tinturas - o medicamentos de origen vegetal viene siendo retomado de manera sistemática y creciente en la profilaxis y tratamiento

Recurso ao inquérito por questionário na avaliação do papel das Tecnologias de Informação Geográfica no ensino de Geografia

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Olga Maciel

2014-12-01

Full Text Available Com o presente artigo pretende-se apresentar a metodologia usada na implementação de uma investigação baseada em inquérito por questionário, cujo principal objetivo é identificar as representações dos docentes de Geografia do ensino básico e secundário (EBS e dos professores formandos de História e Geografia sobre o papel das Tecnologias de Informação Geográfica (TIG no ensino da disciplina de Geografia. Sistematiza-se os procedimentos metodológicos da técnica inquérito por questionário e coloca-se em evidência o modo como foi construído e aplicado o questionário “O papel das TIG no ensino de Geografia”, desde a fase de definição de objetivos, até à implementação do processo de recolha de dados.

Recurso digital na aprendizagem dos surdos: leitura e a escrita = Digital resource in learning of the deaf: reading and writing

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Domingues, Cristiane Lumertz Klein

2015-01-01

Full Text Available Este artigo apresenta um estudo sobre a inclusão, sobre as leis e aborda a educação no desenvolvimento do surdo, discutindo o uso do recurso digital durante esse processo. O estudo descreve por meio de uma pesquisa qualitativa os resultados alcançados através de respostas adquiridas numa entrevista realizada com alunos surdos. Visa compreender como esse indivíduo utiliza o recurso digital, em especial para poder pensar como ele poderia usufruir da educação a distância, considerando as limitações da sua deficiência. Os resultados obtidos na entrevista, com os alunos surdos, apontam que a maior dificuldade está nos textos escolhidos para as aulas, por serem longos e porque eles não dominam completamente a língua portuguesa, pois a língua deles é libras, isso torna a leitura mais difícil e trabalhosa. Também, se levantou algumas sugestões, para o uso de maneira mais qualificada, das ferramentas usadas no meio digital, com o objet ivo de melhorar a aprendizagem dos alunos

Processos cognitivos na leitura inicial: relação entre estratégias de reconhecimento de palavras e alfabetização

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Sara Mourão Monteiro

2014-06-01

Full Text Available O conhecimento das correspondências grafema-fonema fornece um sistema mnemônico que contribui para a formação dos leitores iniciantes, favorecendo o desenvolvimento da fluência e da compreensão na leitura. Entretanto, muitas crianças apresentam dificuldade no processo de mapeamento automático da escrita das palavras e de sua pronúncia e podem necessitar de muito mais treino para atingir um nível normal de aprendizagem da leitura. Esta pesquisa examinou as estratégias de reconhecimento de palavras escritas manifestadas por crianças que enfrentam dificuldades no processo de alfabetização, em um teste de leitura controlado por critérios linguísticos relacionados às propriedades das palavras, tais como a estrutura interna da sílaba e os valores de grafemas independentes e dependentes de contexto na composição das palavras. A partir da caracterização das estratégias usadas pelas crianças, buscou-se saber em que medida elas impedem a identificação da pronúncia e do significado da palavra escrita. Concluiu-se que as dificuldades das crianças estão relacionadas a estratégias de leitura de palavras que evidenciam uma dissociação entre conhecimento das letras e desenvolvimento da consciência fonológica. Constatou-se, ainda, que o atraso no processo de aprendizagem dos alunos pode ter relação com o pouco conhecimento das regras de correspondências letra-som e com a dificuldade do mecanismo de decodificação na análise de estruturas silábicas não canônicas.

Development and validation of the ASTEC-Na thermal-hydraulic models

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Herranz, L. E.; Perez, S.; Bandini, G.; Jacq, F.; Parisi, C.; Berna, C.

2014-07-01

Last years the interest in sodium-cooled fast reactors (SFR) has been fostered worldwide by the search for higher nuclear energy sustainability. This has been reflected in the various international initiatives like GEN-IV International Forum, INPRO or ESNII platforms. At the same time, innovative nuclear reactor designs, particularly SFR, are aiming at even higher safety standards than current LWRs. A proof of it is the consideration of severe accidents since the earliest stages of reactor design. commonalities of LWR and SFR severe accident scenarios suggest that some of the knowledge achieved in the LWR arena might be applicable to some extent to SFRs. This is the spirit underneath of the EU-JASMIN project, which generic goal is developing the ASTEC-Na code from the LWR ASTEC platform. This will entail to t extend and adapt some existing models as well as to implement new ones in all the areas covered, from neutronics and pin thermo-mechanics and pin thermo-mechanics to the in-containment source term behavior by these, going through the indispensable Na thermal-hydraulics. (Author)

A CVD Diamond Detector for (n,a) Cross-Section Measurements

CERN Document Server

Weiss, Christina; Griesmayer, Erich; Guerrero, Carlos

A novel detector based on the chemical vapor deposition (CVD) diamond technology has been developed in the framework of this PhD, for the experimental determination of (n,a) cross-sections at the neutron time-of-flight facility n_TOF at CERN. The 59Ni(n,a)56Fe cross-section, which is relevant for astrophysical questions as well as for risk-assessment studies in nuclear technology, has been measured in order to validate the applicability of the detector for such experiments. The thesis is divided in four parts. In the introductory part the motivation for measuring (n,a) cross-sections, the experimental challenges for such measurements and the reasons for choosing the CVD diamond technology for the detector are given. This is followed by the presentation of the n_TOF facility, an introduction to neutron-induced nuclear reactions and a brief summary of the interaction of particles with matter. The CVD diamond technology and the relevant matters related to electronics are given as well in this first part of the t...

Viabilidade do uso de placas de granito como lajes em edificações

OpenAIRE

Moreiras,Sérgio Trajano Franco; Paraguassú,Antenor Braga

2012-01-01

Placas de granitos são amplamente empregadas no revestimento de pisos na forma de ladrilhos assentados com argamassa industrializada. Recentemente, tem crescido o interesse no uso de sistemas não aderentes (sem argamassa) com placas de rocha. Porém, na literatura muito pouco foi publicado a respeito. O presente trabalho avaliou as propriedades físico-mecânicas de três granitos com grande aceitação comercial, e determinou as espessuras necessárias para estas das placas serem usadas como lajes ...

Evaluación del gluten de maíz como una fuente reemplazante de la harina de pescado en dietas para el camarón juvenil litopenaeus vannamei

OpenAIRE

Molina, César

2004-01-01

Evaluación del gluten de maíz como una fuente reemplazante de la harina de pescado en dietas para el camarón juvenil Litopenaeus vannamei En alimentos para especies acuáticas comerciales, la harina de pescado es una de las fuentes de proteína marina más ampliamente usada, por su alto valor nutricional y palatabilidad.

Significance and outcome of nuclear anaplasia and mitotic index in prostatic adenocarcinomas.

Science.gov (United States)

Kır, Gozde; Sarbay, Billur Cosan; Gumus, Eyup

2016-10-01

The Gleason grading system measures architectural differentiation and disregards nuclear atypia and the cell proliferation index. Several studies have reported that nuclear grade and mitotic index (MI) are prognostically useful. This study included 232 radical prostatectomy specimens. Nuclear anaplasia (NA) was determined on the basis of nucleomegali (at least 20µm); vesicular chromatin; eosinophilic macronucleoli, nuclear lobulation, and irregular thickened nuclear membranei. The proportion of area of NA was recorded in each tumor in 10% increments. The MI was defined as the number of mitotic figures in 10 consecutive high-power fields (HPF). In univariate analysis, significant differences included associations between biochemical prostate-specific antigen recurrence (BCR) and Gleason score, extraprostatic extension, positive surgical margin, the presence of high-pathologic stage, NA≥10% of tumor area, MI≥3/10 HPF, and preoperative prostate-specific antigen. In a stepwise Cox regression model, a positive surgical margin, the presence of a NA≥10% of tumor area, and a MI of≥3/10 HPF were independent predictors of BCR after radical prostatectomy. NA≥10% of tumor area appeared to have a stronger association with outcome than MI≥3/10 HPF, as still associated with BCR when Gleason score was in the model. The results of our study showed that, in addition to the conventional Gleason grading system, NA, and MI are useful prognostic parameters while evaluating long-term prognosis in prostatic adenocarcinoma. Copyright © 2016 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Transnacionalidade dos princípios da não-violação de privacidade na internet

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Rachel Benedelli

2006-06-01

Full Text Available Este artigo tem como objetivo esclareceralguns mitos em relação à internet, principalmentesobre que não se poderia ter uma regulamentaçãodo Estado e que haveria liberdade absoluta nesseespaço. Então, como conseqüência desses mitos,a internet poderia ser usada de maneira indevida,causando uma aparente desordem nessa rede, comoa vulneração à intimidade, que leva à ofensa à honrados indivíduos. No entanto, é apresentado, aqui,que o ciberespaço tem mais regulamentos do quese supunha, haja vista que os princípios discutidosestão presentes na maioria dos EstadosDemocráticos de Direito.This article has as objective to clarifysome myths in relation to the internet, mainly onthat if it could not have a regulation of the Stateand that would have absolute freedom in thisspace. Then, as consequence of this myth, theInternet is used in improper way, causing anapparent clutter in this net, as the vulneração tothe privacy, that it leads to the offence to thehonor of the individuals. However, it is presented,here, that net has more regulations of what wasassumed, it has seen that the principles arguedhere are gifts in the majority of the DemocraticStates of Right.

Use of microcontroller in gamma-ray spectrometer construction using NaI(Tl) sensor, with emphasis in multichannel analyzer, to applications in nuclear and environmental geophysics; Uso de microcontrolador na construcao de espectrometro gama com sensor de NaI(Tl), com enfase em analisador multicanal, para aplicacao em geofisica nuclear e ambiental

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Silva, Nilton

2005-07-01

In this work of nuclear geophysical instrumentation the main purpose was the development of a gamma-ray spectrometer prototype with multi channel analyzer, since the spectroscopic amplifier until your firmware. The heart of the digital part was an ATMEL 8 bits microcontroller (AT89S8252). All circuits were made and assembled in the Laboratory of Applied Geophysical Instrumentation (LIGA) of IAG-USP. A microcontroller software was completely developed in C ANSI language using the Small Device C Compiler version 2.4.8, that is a free software distributed under General Public License (GPL). At first, microcontroller was used to change all digital circuit of one classic SCINTREX GAD-6 differential gamma-ray spectrometer. Measurement times with order of 2 days became possible, and it could work in non climate ambient. Then, after this stage, had been started the development of a multichannel analyzer (MCA) working in pulse height analyzer mode with 4096 channels capacity, to use in many kinds of nuclear detection. Besides it, was developed an automatic gain system for photopeak stabilization, by the use of one radioactive source ({sup 133}Ba). This automatic gain system is very important in the case of NaI(Tl) scintillometric detectors, due PMT sensitivity with temperature and aging of some laboratory electronic circuits. Two power supplies with high stability, using pulse width modulation (PWM) techniques were developed, in order to all system became free of electrical line break off. One PWM power polarizes a photo multiplier tube (PMT) with high voltage and another supplies remaining developed circuits. Calibration in energy using standards sources {sup 137}Cs and {sup 60}Co showed that gamma detector developed has a good linearity and low thermal drift, even working in absent of air-conditioned. Concentrations measurements of K, U and Th were made in samples of soils, vegetables, etc. (author)'

Correlação das escalas de avaliação utilizadas na doença de Parkinson com aplicabilidade na fisioterapia

OpenAIRE

Mello,Marcella Patrícia Bezerra de; Botelho,Ana Carla Gomes

2010-01-01

INTRODUÇÃO: A doença de Parkinson (DP) é uma patologia neurológica crônica e degenerativa do sistema nervoso central que acomete os gânglios da base, cujas características principais são tremor, rigidez e bradicinesia. Com o progresso terapêutico, desenvolveram-se várias escalas visando monitorar a evolução da doença e a eficácia de tratamentos. O objetivo deste estudo de revisão bibliográfica é caracterizar as principais escalas usadas para a avaliação da DP, discutindo sua aplicabilidade à ...

Design, Fabrication and Integration of a NaK-Cooled Circuit

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Garber, Anne; Godfroy, Thomas

2006-01-01

The Early Flight Fission Test Facilities (EFF-TF) team has been tasked by the NASA Marshall Space Flight Center Nuclear Systems Office to design, fabricate, and test an actively pumped alkali metal flow circuit. The system, which was originally designed for use with a eutectic mixture of sodium potassium (NaK), was redesigned for use with lithium. Due to a shift in focus, it is once again being prepared for use with NaK. Changes made to the actively pumped, high temperature circuit include the replacement of the expansion reservoir, addition of remotely operated valves, and modification of the support table. Basic circuit components include: reactor segment, NaK to gas heat exchanger, electromagnetic (EM) liquid metal pump, load/drain reservoir, expansion reservoir, instrumentation, and a spill reservoir. A 37-pin partial-array core (pin and flow path dimensions are the same as those in a full design) was selected for fabrication and test. This paper summarizes the integration and preparations for the fill of the pumped NaK circuit. (authors)

Redução de haste verde e retenção foliar na soja em razão de maior disponibilidade de nitrogênio pelo tratamento de sementes

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Fernando Fávero

2014-10-01

Full Text Available Problemas relacionados à retenção foliar e maturação desuniforme na cultura da soja têm sido relatados em várias regiões do país, inclusive no Estado do Paraná, desafiando pesquisadores brasileiros. Várias hipóteses já foram levantadas sobre o desequilíbrio nutricional das plantas e intensificação do problema, porém nenhuma com conclusão definitiva. Com o objetivo de avaliar como a disponibilidade de N via inoculação e uso de Co e Mo no tratamento de sementes, associado ao uso de fungicida e inseticida, pode minimizar a retenção foliar e haste verde, instalou-se um ensaio no campo da Estação Experimental da Copacol, em Cafelândia, PR. Oito combinações de produtos foram usadas no tratamento de sementes de soja, considerando a presença ou ausência de Co e Mo, inoculante e inseticida/fungicida. Avaliaram-se o teor de N foliar, a frequência de plantas anormais por ocasião da colheita, a porcentagem de vagens, com 0, 1, 2, 3 e 4 grãos formados, o peso de 1000 grãos, o teor de umidade, a impureza na colheita e o rendimento de grãos. O uso do Co e Mo e a inoculação de sementes promoveram aumento do teor de N foliar na soja e reduziram o número de plantas anormais, refletindo positivamente no rendimento e seus componentes. Os resultados evidenciaram efeito positivo da melhor nutrição das plantas de soja com relação ao N na redução de haste verde e reafirmaram a necessidade do uso do Co e Mo e da inoculação de sementes.

Section for nuclear physics annual report

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

1989-04-01

The experimental activities in nuclear physics have in 1988 mainly been centered around the cyclotron laboratory with the SCANDITRONIX MC-35 cyclotron. The CACTUS multidetector system has been realised and will soon be operating. With 8 particle telescopes, 28 NaI detectors and 2 Ge detectors this experimental arrangement represents a major improvement compared to earlier set-ups in the laboratory. Theoretical studies of many-body problems, nuclear structure and reactions have continued. The study of problems related to the foundations of quantum mechanics has also been persued

O retorno da estimulação cerebral na terapêutica dos transtornos neuropsiquiátricos: o papel da estimulação magnética transcraniana na prática clínica The answer of the transcranial magnetic stimulation in the brain desordes: transcranial magnetic stimulation in the clinical practice

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Felipe Fregni

2004-01-01

Full Text Available Estimulação magnética transcraniana (EMT é uma nova técnica capaz de estimular o cérebro humano com algumas vantagens sobre as já existentes. A EMT é indolor, não-invasiva, simples de ser aplicada e, mais importante, é considerada de baixo risco para pesquisas em seres humanos. Essa nova ferramenta tem sido proposta para ser usada como tratamento de diversas doenças neurológicas e psiquiátricas. A EMT pode atuar modulando a excitabilidade cortical no cérebro humano. Portanto, essa técnica pode ser usada no tratamento de patologias cerebrais que cursem com alterações de excitabilidade cortical, como epilepsia, acidente vascular cerebral, distonia, doença de Parkinson, depressão e esquizofrenia. Alguns desses transtornos têm sido extensivamente estudados, tal como a depressão, porém os resultados ainda não permitem a aplicação desse método na prática clínica. Entretanto, no futuro, a EMT pode se tornar uma poderosa ferramenta na terapêutica em neuropsiquiatria. O objetivo do autor nesta revisão foi de apresentar os princípios básicos da EMT e discutir os resultados preliminares dos estudos publicados sobre o uso dessa técnica no tratamento das doenças psiquiátricas e neurológicas.Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS is a new technique capable of stimulating the brain with some advantages over existing ones. TMS is painless, non-invasive, simple to apply and, more importantly, it is considered of low risk for research in human. This new tool has been proposed to be used in several neurologic and psychiatric diseases. The mechanism of TMS action might be based on the modulation of cortical brain excitability. Therefore, brain disorders with cortical excitability dysfunction such as epilepsy, stroke, distonia, Parkinson disease, depression and schizophrenia may be benefited from this method. Some of these disorders have been extensively studied during the last decade - such as depression - but the results to date

Nuclear Overhauser effect studies of the conformation of Co(NH3)4ATP bound to kidney Na,K-ATPase

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Stewart, J.M.; Jorgensen, P.L.; Grisham, C.M.

1989-01-01

Transferred nuclear Overhauser effect measurements (in the two-dimensional mode) have been used to determine the three-dimensional conformation of an ATP analogue, Co(NH3)4ATP, at the active site of sheep kidney Na,K-ATPase. Previous studies have shown that Co(NH3)4ATP is a competitive inhibitor with respect to MnATP for the Na,K-ATPase. Nine unique proton-proton distances on ATPase-bound Co(NH3)4ATP were determined from the initial build-up rates of the cross-peaks of the 2D-TRNOE data sets. These distances, taken together with previous 31P and 1H relaxation measurements with paramagnetic probes, are consistent with a single nucleotide conformation at the active site. The bound (Co(NH3)4ATP) adopts an anti conformation, with a glycosidic torsion angle of 35 degrees, and the conformation of the ribose ring is slightly N-type (C2'-exo, C3'-endo). The delta and gamma torsional angles in this conformation are 100 degrees and 178 degrees, respectively. The nucleotide adopts a bent configuration, in which the triphosphate chain lies nearly parallel to the adenine moiety. Mn2+ bound to a single, high-affinity site on the ATPase lies above and in the plane of the adenine ring. The distances from enzyme-bound Mn2+ to N6 and N7 are too large for first coordination sphere complexes, but are appropriate for second-sphere complexes involving, for example, intervening hydrogen-bonded water molecules. The NMR data also indicate that the structure of the bound ATP analogue is independent of the conformational state of the enzyme

Nuclear Overhauser effect studies of the conformation of Co(NH3)4ATP bound to kidney Na,K-ATPase

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Stewart, J.M.; Jorgensen, P.L.; Grisham, C.M. (Univ. of Virginia, Charlottesville (USA))

1989-05-30

Transferred nuclear Overhauser effect measurements (in the two-dimensional mode) have been used to determine the three-dimensional conformation of an ATP analogue, Co(NH3)4ATP, at the active site of sheep kidney Na,K-ATPase. Previous studies have shown that Co(NH3)4ATP is a competitive inhibitor with respect to MnATP for the Na,K-ATPase. Nine unique proton-proton distances on ATPase-bound Co(NH3)4ATP were determined from the initial build-up rates of the cross-peaks of the 2D-TRNOE data sets. These distances, taken together with previous 31P and 1H relaxation measurements with paramagnetic probes, are consistent with a single nucleotide conformation at the active site. The bound (Co(NH3)4ATP) adopts an anti conformation, with a glycosidic torsion angle of 35{degrees}, and the conformation of the ribose ring is slightly N-type (C2'-exo, C3'-endo). The delta and gamma torsional angles in this conformation are 100 degrees and 178 degrees, respectively. The nucleotide adopts a bent configuration, in which the triphosphate chain lies nearly parallel to the adenine moiety. Mn2+ bound to a single, high-affinity site on the ATPase lies above and in the plane of the adenine ring. The distances from enzyme-bound Mn2+ to N6 and N7 are too large for first coordination sphere complexes, but are appropriate for second-sphere complexes involving, for example, intervening hydrogen-bonded water molecules. The NMR data also indicate that the structure of the bound ATP analogue is independent of the conformational state of the enzyme.

Nuclear techniques in agriculture

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Bhagwat, S.G.

2012-01-01

Crops provide us food grains and many other products. Demand for food and other agricultural products is increasing. There is also need for improvement of quality of the agricultural produce. There are several technologies in use for achieving the goal of increasing the quantity and quality of agricultural produce. Nuclear techniques provide us with an option which has certain advantages. The characteristics of crop plants are determined by the genetic make up of the plant. Traditionally the genetic make up was modified using conventional breeding techniques such as cross breeding to improve crops for yield, disease resistance, stress tolerance, resistance to insect pests or to improve quality. New varieties of crops are produced which replace the earlier ones and thus the demands are met. The process of development of new varieties is long and time consuming. Nuclear technique called mutation breeding provides an efficient way of breeding new varieties or improving the older ones. This technique merely enhances the process of occurrence of mutations. In nature mutations occur at a rate of approximately one in a million, while when mutations are induced using radiations such as gamma rays the efficiency of inducing mutations is enhanced. Useful mutations are selected, the mutants are evaluated and developed as a new variety. In the Nuclear Agriculture and Biotechnology Division (NA and BTD) this technique has been used to develop mutants of many crop plants. The mutants can be used to develop a variety directly or by using it in further breeding programme. Using these approaches the NA and BTD has developed 40 new varieties of crops such as groundnut, mungbean, urid, pigeon pea, mustard, soybean, sunflower, cowpea, jute. These varieties are developed in collaboration with other agricultural institutions and are popular among the farming community. The method of mutation breeding can be applied to many other crops for improvement. There is increasing interest among

Estudo de impactos ambientais em solos: o caso da reciclagem de baterias automotivas usadas, tipo chumbo-ácido

OpenAIRE

Fernandes, Josely Dantas; Dantas, Edilma Rodrigues Bento; Barbosa, Juliana Nóbrega; Barbosa, Edimar Alves

2011-01-01

A ocorrência de solos contaminados com o elemento chumbo está se tornando cada vez mais comum. Ele é, essencialmente, um contaminante ambiental e suas concentrações no meio ambiente vem aumentando de acordo com a aplicação sempre crescente em diversos produtos industriais necessários à sociedade moderna. Hoje, usa-se o chumbo, por exemplo, na fabricação de canos, em revestimentos de cabos elétricos, de chapas para pias, cisternas e telhados e, principalmente, na indústria de baterias automoti...

Incubação de ovos de pacamã com florfenicol

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Áurea Luiza Dayrell Batista

2014-11-01

Full Text Available O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o efeito de doses de florfenicol na incubação de ovos de pacamã (Lophiosilurus alexandri. Na primeira etapa, os ovos foram submetidos a concentrações de florfenicol entre 0 e 500 mg L-1, durante 24 horas. Na segunda etapa, as larvas foram observadas até o sétimo dia após a eclosão. Na terceira etapa, as larvas foram alimentadas por dez dias. Peso e comprimento apresentaram respostas que variaram de acordo com a fase de desenvolvimento e as concentrações de florfenicol. Concentrações menores que 309 mg L-1 de florfenicol podem ser usadas sem afetar as larvas nas fases posteriores.

Prediction of Intrinsic Cesium Desorption from Na-Smectite in Mixed Cation Solutions.

Science.gov (United States)

Fukushi, Keisuke; Fukiage, Tomo

2015-09-01

Quantitative understanding of the stability of sorbed radionuclides in smectite is necessary to assess the performance of engineering barriers used for nuclear waste disposal. Our previous study demonstrated that the spatial organization of the smectite platelets triggered by the divalent cations led to the apparent fixation of intrinsic Cs in smectite, because some Cs is retained inside the formed tactoids. Natural water is usually a mixture of Na(+) and divalent cations (Ca(2+) and Mg(2+)). This study therefore investigated the desorption behavior of intrinsic Cs in Na-smecite in mixed Na(+)-divalent cation solutions under widely various cation concentrations using batch experiments, grain size measurements, and cation exchange modeling (CEM). Results show that increased Na(+) concentrations facilitate Cs desorption because Na(+) serves as the dispersion agent. A linear relation was obtained between the logarithm of the Na(+) fraction and the accessible Cs fraction in smectite. That relation enables the prediction of accessible Cs fraction as a function of solution cationic compositions. The corrected CEM considering the effects of the spatial organization suggests that the stability of intrinsic Cs in the smectite is governed by the Na(+) concentration, and suggests that it is almost independent of the concentrations of divalent cations in natural water.

Enhanced nuclear magnetic resonance in a non-magnetic cubic doublet

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Veenendaal, E.J.

1982-01-01

In this thesis two lanthanide compounds are studied which show enhanced nuclear magnetism at low temperatures: Rb 2 NaHoF 6 and CsNaHoF 6 . Chapter II gives a description of the 4 He-circulating refrigerator, which was built to provide the low temperatures required for the polarization of the enhanced nuclear moments. This type of dilution refrigerator was chosen because of its simple design and large cooling power. Chapter III is devoted to a comparison of the different types of dilution refrigerators. A theoretical discussion is given of their performance, starting from the differential equations, which govern the temperature distribution in the refrigerator. In chapter IV the actual performance of the refrigerator, described in chapter II is discussed. In chapter V a description of the NMR-apparatus, developed for very-low-temperature NMR experiments is given. In chapter VI experimental results on the compound Rb 2 NaHoF 6 are presented. The CEF-ground state of this compound is probably the non-magnetic doublet GAMMA 3 , but at a temperature of 170 K a structural phase transition lowers the crystal symmetry from cubic to tetragonal and the doublet is split into two singlets. In chapter VII specific heat, (enhanced) nuclear magnetic resonance and magnetization measurements on the compound Cs 2 NaHoF 6 are presented which also has a GAMMA 3 -doublet ground state. In zero magnetic field the degeneracy of the doublet is removed at a temperature of 393 mK, where a phase transition is induced by quadrupolar interactions. (Auth.)

Effect of TGFβ on Na{sup +}/K{sup +} ATPase activity in megakaryocytes

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Hosseinzadeh, Zohreh; Schmid, Evi; Shumilina, Ekaterina [Department of Physiology, University of Tübingen (Germany); Laufer, Stefan [Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Tübingen (Germany); Borst, Oliver; Gawaz, Meinrad [Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Tübingen (Germany); Lang, Florian, E-mail: florian.lang@uni-tuebingen.de [Department of Physiology, University of Tübingen (Germany)

2014-09-26

Highlights: • TGFß1 markedly up-regulates Na{sup +}/K{sup +} ATPase in megakaryocytes. • The effect is abrogated by p38-MAP kinase inhibitor skepinone. • The effect is abrogated by SGK inhibitor EMD638683. • The effect is abrogated by NF-κB inhibitor wogonin. - Abstract: The Na{sup +}/K{sup +} ATPase generates the Na{sup +} and K{sup +} concentration gradients across the plasma membrane and is thus essential for cellular electrolyte homeostasis, cell membrane potential and cell volume maintenance. A powerful regulator of Na{sup +}/K{sup +} ATPase is the serum- and glucocorticoid-inducible kinase 1 (SGK1). The most powerful known regulator of SGK1 expression is TGFß1, which is pivotal in the regulation of megakaryocyte maturation and platelet formation. Signaling involved in the upregulation of SGK1 by TGFß1 includes p38 mitogen activated protein (MAP) kinase. SGK1 in turn phosphorylates the IκB kinase (IKKα/β), which phosphorylates the inhibitor protein IκBα thus triggering nuclear translocation of nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB). The present study explored whether TGFβ influences Na{sup +}/K{sup +} ATPase activity in megakaryocytes, and if so, whether the effect of TGß1 requires p38 MAP kinase, SGK1 and/or NF-κB. To this end, murine megakaryocytes were treated with TGFß1 and Na{sup +}/K{sup +} ATPase activity determined from K{sup +} induced current utilizing whole cell patch clamp. The pump current (I{sub pump}) was determined in the absence and presence of Na{sup +}/K{sup +} ATPase inhibitor ouabain (100 μM). TGFß1 (60 ng/ml) was added in the absence or presence of p38 MAP kinase inhibitor skepinone-L (1 μM), SGK1 inhibitor EMD638683 (50 μM) or NF-κB inhibitor wogonin (50 nM). As a result, the I{sub pump} was significantly increased by pretreatment of the megakaryocytes with TGFß1, an effect reaching statistical significance within 16 and 24 h and virtually abrogated in the presence of skepinone-L, EMD638683 or wogonin. In conclusion

Fast molten salt reactor-transmuter for closing nuclear fuel cycle on minor actinides

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Dudnikov, A. A.; Alekseev, P. N.; Subbotin, S. A.

2007-01-01

Creation fast critical molten salt reactor for burning-out minor actinides and separate long-living fission products in the closed nuclear fuel cycle is the most perspective and actual direction. The reactor on melts salts - molten salt homogeneous reactor with the circulating fuel, working as burner and transmuter long-living radioactive nuclides in closed nuclear fuel cycle, can serve as an effective ecological cordon from contamination of the nature long-living radiotoxic nuclides. High-flux fast critical molten-salt nuclear reactors in structure of the closed nuclear fuel cycle of the future nuclear power can effectively burning-out / transmute dangerous long-living radioactive nuclides, make radioisotopes, partially utilize plutonium and produce thermal and electric energy. Such reactor allows solving the problems constraining development of large-scale nuclear power, including fueling, minimization of radioactive waste and non-proliferation. Burning minor actinides in molten salt reactor is capable to facilitate work solid fuel power reactors in system NP with the closed nuclear fuel cycle and to reduce transient losses at processing and fabrications fuel pins. At substantiation MSR-transmuter/burner as solvents fuel nuclides for molten-salt reactors various salts were examined, for example: LiF - BeF2; NaF - LiF - BeF2; NaF-LiF ; NaF-ZrF4 ; LiF-NaF -KF; NaCl. RRC 'Kurchatov institute' together with other employees have developed the basic design reactor installations with molten salt reactor - burner long-living nuclides for fluoride fuel composition with the limited solubility minor actinides (MAF3 10 mol %) allows to develop in some times more effective molten salt reactor with fast neutron spectrum - burner/ transmuter of the long-living radioactive waste. In high-flux fast reactors on melts salts within a year it is possible to burn ∼300 kg minor actinides per 1 GW thermal power of reactor. The technical and economic estimation given power

The U.S./IAEA Workshop on Software Sustainability for Safeguards Instrumentation: Report to the NNSA DOE Office of International Nuclear Safeguards (NA-241)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Pepper, Susan E. [Brookhaven National Lab. (BNL), Upton, NY (United States); Pickett, Chris A. [Oak Ridge National Lab. (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States); Queirolo, Al [Brookhaven National Lab. (BNL), Upton, NY (United States); Bachner, Katherine M. [Brookhaven National Lab. (BNL), Upton, NY (United States); Worrall, Louise G. [Oak Ridge National Lab. (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States)

2015-04-07

The U.S Department of Energy (DOE) National Nuclear Security Administration (NNSA) Next Generation Safeguards Initiative (NGSI) and the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) convened a workshop on Software Sustainability for Safeguards Instrumentation in Vienna, Austria, May 6-8, 2014. Safeguards instrumentation software must be sustained in a changing environment to ensure existing instruments can continue to perform as designed, with improved security. The approaches to the development and maintenance of instrument software used in the past may not be the best model for the future and, therefore, the organizers’ goal was to investigate these past approaches and to determine an optimal path forward. The purpose of this report is to provide input for the DOE NNSA Office of International Nuclear Safeguards (NA-241) and other stakeholders that can be utilized when making decisions related to the development and maintenance of software used in the implementation of international nuclear safeguards. For example, this guidance can be used when determining whether to fund the development, upgrade, or replacement of a particular software product. The report identifies the challenges related to sustaining software, and makes recommendations for addressing these challenges, supported by summaries and detailed notes from the workshop discussions. In addition the authors provide a set of recommendations for institutionalizing software sustainability practices in the safeguards community. The term “software sustainability” was defined for this workshop as ensuring that safeguards instrument software and algorithm functionality can be maintained efficiently throughout the instrument lifecycle, without interruption and providing the ability to continue to improve that software as needs arise.

The U.S./IAEA Workshop on Software Sustainability for Safeguards Instrumentation: Report to the NNSA DOE Office of International Nuclear Safeguards (NA-241)

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Pepper, Susan E.; Pickett, Chris A.; Queirolo, Al; Bachner, Katherine M.; Worrall, Louise G.

2015-01-01

The U.S Department of Energy (DOE) National Nuclear Security Administration (NNSA) Next Generation Safeguards Initiative (NGSI) and the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) convened a workshop on Software Sustainability for Safeguards Instrumentation in Vienna, Austria, May 6-8, 2014. Safeguards instrumentation software must be sustained in a changing environment to ensure existing instruments can continue to perform as designed, with improved security. The approaches to the development and maintenance of instrument software used in the past may not be the best model for the future and, therefore, the organizers' goal was to investigate these past approaches and to determine an optimal path forward. The purpose of this report is to provide input for the DOE NNSA Office of International Nuclear Safeguards (NA-241) and other stakeholders that can be utilized when making decisions related to the development and maintenance of software used in the implementation of international nuclear safeguards. For example, this guidance can be used when determining whether to fund the development, upgrade, or replacement of a particular software product. The report identifies the challenges related to sustaining software, and makes recommendations for addressing these challenges, supported by summaries and detailed notes from the workshop discussions. In addition the authors provide a set of recommendations for institutionalizing software sustainability practices in the safeguards community. The term ''software sustainability'' was defined for this workshop as ensuring that safeguards instrument software and algorithm functionality can be maintained efficiently throughout the instrument lifecycle, without interruption and providing the ability to continue to improve that software as needs arise.

Real-time high-resolution X-ray imaging and nuclear magnetic resonance study of the hydration of pure and Na-doped C3A in the presence of sulfates

KAUST Repository

Kirchheim, A. P.

2011-02-21

This study details the differences in real-time hydration between pure tricalcium aluminate (cubic C3A or 3CaO·Al2O 3) and Na-doped tricalcium aluminate (orthorhombic C3A or Na2Ca8Al6O18), in aqueous solutions containing sulfate ions. Pure phases were synthesized in the laboratory to develop an independent benchmark for the reactions, meaning that their reactions during hydration in a simulated early age cement pore solution (saturated with respect to gypsum and lime) were able to be isolated. Because the rate of this reaction is extremely rapid, most microscopy methods are not adequate to study the early phases of the reactions in the early stages. Here, a high-resolution full-field soft X-ray imaging technique operating in the X-ray water window, combined with solution analysis by 27Al nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy, was used to capture information regarding the mechanism of C3A hydration during the early stages. There are differences in the hydration mechanism between the two types of C3A, which are also dependent on the concentration of sulfate ions in the solution. The reactions with cubic C3A (pure) seem to be more influenced by higher concentrations of sulfate ions, forming smaller ettringite needles at a slower pace than the orthorhombic C3A (Na-doped) sample. The rate of release of aluminate species into the solution phase is also accelerated by Na doping. © 2011 American Chemical Society.

Manchester nuclear physics report

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

1989-01-01

This report describes the experimental research of the Manchester University Nuclear Physics Group for the period August 1987 - December 1988. The experiments have been performed at the Daresbury Nuclear Structure Facility, mostly using the gamma-ray arrays and the Recoil Separator. However, experiments using the Daresbury Isotope Separator, the Oxford Folded Tandem and the new charged particle detector array are also reported. Studies of gamma decaying states in 21 Ne and 23 Na are reported. The spectroscopy of medium mass nuclei includes the investigation of the Gamow-Tellar decay of 98 Cd. Fourteen studies of the spectroscopy of nuclei with A ≥ 100 are reported. Fission studies and instrumentation and computer developments are also included. (U.K.)

Securing a better future for all: Nuclear techniques for global development and environmental protection. NA factsheet on nuclear physics: Facilitating the peaceful and practical uses of nuclear science

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

2012-01-01

When properly applied, nuclear science - the study of atomic nuclei and other subatomic particles - can contribute in many ways to the health, development and security of communities around the world. In this context, the IAEA plays an important role in helping interested Member States develop the capabilities and infrastructure necessary to manage their own programmes devoted to nuclear and radiological applications. The IAEA's nuclear science programme helps Member States to establish sound frameworks for the efficient, safe and secure use of new nuclear technologies, including accelerator facilities, research reactors and future nuclear fusion facilities. By applying nuclear technologies in a wide variety of areas such as energy production, health care, food and agriculture, industry and the environment, Member States can benefit immensely from the ensuing socioeconomic developments, as well as providing better living conditions for their citizens.

Corrosion of simulated nuclear waste glass

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Music, S.; Ristic, M.; Gotic, M.; Foric, J.

1988-01-01

In this study the preparation and characterization of borosilicate glasses of different chemical composition were investigated. Borosilicate glasses were doped with simulated nuclear waste oxides. The chemical corrosion in water of these glasses was followed by measuring the leach rates as a function of time. It was found that a simulated nuclear waste glass with the chemical composition (weight %), 15.61% Na 2 O, 10.39% B 2 O 3 , 45.31% SiO 2 , 13.42% ZnO, 6.61% TiO 2 and 8.66% waste oxides, is characterized by low melting temperature and with good corrosion resistance in water. Influence of passive layers on the leaching behaviour of nuclear waste glasses is discussed. (author) 20 refs.; 7 figs.; 4 tabs

Results on leptonic probes from NA50

CERN Document Server

Alessandro, B; Arnaldi, R; Atayan, M; Baglin, C; Baldit, A; Bedjidian, Marc; Beolè, S; Boldea, V; Bordalo, P; Borenstein, S R; Borges, G; Bussière, A; Capelli, L; Castanier, C; Castor, J I; Chaurand, B; Cheynis, B; Chiavassa, E; Cicalò, C; Claudino, T; Comets, M P; Constantinescu, S; Cortese, P; Cruz, J; De Falco, A; De Marco, N; Dellacasa, G; Devaux, A; Dita, S; Drapier, O; Espagnon, B; Fargeix, J; Force, P; Gallio, M; Gavrilov, Yu K; Gerschel, C; Giubellino, P; Golubeva, M B; Gonin, M; Grigorian, A A; Grigorian, S; Grossiord, J Y; Guber, F F; Guichard, A; Gulkanian, H R; Hakobyan, R S; Haroutunian, R; Idzik, M; Jouan, D; Karavitcheva, T L; Kluberg, L; Kurepin, A B; Le Bornec, Y; Lourenço, C; Macciotta, P; MacCormick, M; Marzari-Chiesa, A; Masera, M; Masoni, A; Monteno, M; Musso, A; Petiau, P; Piccotti, A; Pizzi, J R; Prado da Silva, W L; Prino, F; Puddu, G; Quintans, C; Ramello, L; Ramos, S; Rato-Mendes, P; Riccati, L; Romana, A; Santos, H; Saturnini, P; Scalas, E; Scomparin, E; Serci, S; Shahoyan, R; Sigaudo, F; Sitta, M; Sonderegger, P; Tarrago, X; Topilskaya, N S; Usai, G L; Vercellin, Ermanno; Villatte, L; Willis, N; Wu, T

2003-01-01

The NA50 Collaboration has performed a new measurement of the J/ psi yield in Pb-Pb collisions at 158 GeV/nucleon in improved experimental conditions. Our preliminary analysis of the year 2000 data sample, while confirming the onset of anomalous suppression and the non saturation of the J/ psi /Drell-Yan cross-section ratio, shows that peripheral Pb-Pb interactions follow the normal nuclear absorption pattern, which has in turn been established more precisely thanks to high statistics p-A data. (11 refs).

Análise da velocidade do vento e altura de onda em incidentes de naufrágio na costa brasileira entre os estados do Sergipe e do Rio Grande do Sul

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Eduardo Vetromilla Fuentes

2013-09-01

Full Text Available A ocorrência de naufrágios pode ser atribuída a vários fatores. Contudo, embarcações de pequeno porte usadas na pesca costeira, são geralmente mais suscetíveis aos fatores meteorológicos e oceânicos. O objetivo desse estudo foi analisar o comportamento da velocidade do vento e altura significativa de onda em relação à ocorrência de naufrágios na costa brasileira, entre os estados de Sergipe e Rio Grande do Sul. As frequências trimestral e mensal de naufrágios registrados entre Janeiro/2004 e Junho/2008 foram comparados com os ventos e com a altura significativa de ondas. As velocidades médias e máximas do vento nos dias e áreas de ocorrência, bem como a altura significativa de onda, foram comparadas aos valores históricos dessas variáveis. Foram observados ventos e ondas acima da climatologia em 54% e 46% das ocorrências de naufrágio, respectivamente. Em vários casos, o vento atingiu velocidades muito elevadas, sendo a provável causa para a ocorrência desses naufrágios. Os resultados apontaram para uma maior incidência de naufrágios em ambientes costeiros das regiões sudeste e sul do Brasil, com maior ocorrência entre os meses de março e agosto, envolvendo principalmente embarcações de pequeno porte (94%, utilizadas na pesca costeira. Os resultados encontrados reforçam a necessidade do envio de informações meteorológicas e oceanográficas para pequenas embarcações, em especial àquelas empregadas na atividade de pesca costeira.

Estudo do Fenômeno da Ilha de Calor na Cidade de Manaus/AM: Um Estudo a Partir de Dados de Sensoriamento Remoto, Modelagem e Estações Meteorológicas

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Polari Batista Corrêa

2016-06-01

Full Text Available Resumo O fenômeno da ilha de calor (IC na cidade de Manaus foi estudado usando dados de modelagem do clima urbano com o modelo Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF e dados de estações meteorológicas. Foram usados os dados de temperatura da superfície (TS obtidos pelo sensor MODIS do satélite ambiental Aqua, produto MYD11A2 na resolução horizontal de 1 km por um 1 km para o período de 2002 a 2012 na cidade de Manaus para avaliar o processo de urbanização. Foi realizado um estudo de caso com as simulações de TS e de temperatura do ar (TA nos meses de agosto e setembro de 2009 que foram comparadas, respectivamente, com os dados de satélite e de estações meteorológicas. Identificou-se a distribuição espacial da TS na cidade, e as diferenças de TS entre a área urbana e a de floresta e entre a área urbana e de rios foram quantificadas. As diferenças de TS ao longo das faixas de longitude de 60,03° O a 59,97° O e de latitude de 3,09° S a −3,03° S foram analisadas com os dados do modelo WRF e do sensor MODIS. A intensidade da IC estimada com os dados de TA do modelo e de estações meteorológicas foram, em média, respectivamente de 1,87 °C e de 1,80 °C, consistentes com resultados anteriores. Portanto, a TA simulada pode ser usada para fins de estimar a intensidade da IC em Manaus.

Functionalized NaA nanozeolites labeled with 224,225Ra for targeted alpha therapy.

Science.gov (United States)

Piotrowska, Agata; Leszczuk, Edyta; Bruchertseifer, Frank; Morgenstern, Alfred; Bilewicz, Aleksander

2013-01-01

The 223 Ra, 224 Ra, and 225 Ra radioisotopes exhibit very attractive nuclear properties for application in radionuclide therapy. Unfortunately the lack of appropriate bifunctional ligand for radium is the reason why these radionuclides have not found application in receptor-targeted therapy. In the present work, the potential usefulness of the NaA nanozeolite as a carrier for radium radionuclides has been studied. 224 Ra and 225 Ra, α-particle emitting radionuclides, have been absorbed in the nanometer-sized NaA zeolite (30-70 nm) through simple ion exchange. 224,225 Ra-nanozeolites exhibited very high stability in solutions containing physiological salt, EDTA, amino acids, and human serum. To make NaA nanozeolite particles dispersed in water their surface was modified with a silane coupling agent containing poly(ethylene glycol) molecules. This functionalization approach let us covalently attach a biomolecule to the NaA nanozeolite surface.

Evidence that Na+-pumping occurs through the D-channel in Vitreoscilla cytochrome bo

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Kim, Seong K.; Stark, Benjamin C.; Webster, Dale A.

2005-01-01

The operon (cyo) encoding the Na + -pumping respiratory terminal oxidase (cytochrome bo) of the bacterium Vitreoscilla was transformed into Escherichia coli GV100, a deletion mutant of cytochrome bo. This was done for the wild type operon and five mutants in three conserved Cyo subunit I amino acids known to be crucial for H + transport in the E. coli enzyme, one near the nuclear center, one in the K-channel, and one in the D-channel. CO-binding, NADH and ubiquinol oxidase, and Na + -pumping activities were all substantially inhibited by each mutation. The wild type Vitreoscilla cytochrome bo can pump Na + against a concentration gradient, resulting in a transmembrane concentration differential of 2-3 orders of magnitude. It is proposed that Vitreoscilla cytochrome bo pumps four Na + through the D-channel to the exterior and transports four H + through the K-channel for the reduction of each O 2

Dano cavitacional em revestimentos depositados por aspersão termica a chama

OpenAIRE

Paulo Villani Marques

1996-01-01

Resumo: Quantias elevadas são gastas anualmente na manutenção de turbinas hidráulicas usadas na geração de energia elétrica por causa do ataque cavitacional. Avaliou-se a aplicabilidade de revestimentos metálicos e cerâmicos depositados sobre aço carbono por aspersão térmica a chama na manutenção destes equipamentos em função de sua resistência à erosão por cavitação. Foram realizados ensaios de dureza, rugosidade, ensaio acelerado de cavitação induzida por vibração ultra-sônica, adesão (traç...

EFEITOS DA LASERTERAPIA DE BAIXA INTENSIDADE E EXTRATOS VEGETAIS NO PROCESSO DE REPARO TECIDUAL: REVISÃO INTEGRATIVA

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Ana Paula Pinto

2017-05-01

Full Text Available Na prática clínica a Laserterapia de Baixa Intensidade (LBI tem sido usada para promover o alívio da dor, a ação anti-inflamatória, e para acelerar o processo de cicatrização em casos de lesão por queimaduras, feridas cirúrgicas e úlceras crônicas. Além da LBI, diversos tipos de extratos vegetais na forma hidroalcoólica ou óleo essencial, também são usadas para estimular a nutrição de células, a regeneração de tecidos e promover a velocidade de cicatrização de feridas. Neste estudo buscou-se evidências que comparasse ou associasse os efeito da LBI à óleos ou extratos vegetais no processo de cicatrização de feridas. Utilizou-se como metodologia a revisão integrativa. Na análise dos artigos, foram identificados 36 artigos, entretanto após adotar os critérios de inclusão descritos na metodologia, restaram apenas três artigos, sendo duas pesquisas que compararam os efeitos da LBI com o extrato hidroalcoólico uma que analisou a atividade das duas terapias, utilizando o extrato das folhas da Solidago chilensis e a irradiação com laser. Conclui-se que utilização a da LBI e os extratos vegetais, isoladamente, mostram-se efetivas durante o processo de reparo tecidual.

Exclusive nuclear location of estrogen receptors in Squalus testis.

Science.gov (United States)

Callard, G V; Mak, P

1985-01-01

An estrogen (E)-binding molecule having both occupied and unoccupied sites is restricted to nuclear subfractions in the testis of the spiny dogfish (Squalus acanthias). We investigated the hypothesis that a species characterized by high body-fluid osmolarity (1010 mosM) has an estrogen receptor (ER) that binds to chromatin with high affinity and consequently resists redistribution during tissue processing. Although the steroid binding and sedimentation properties of the Squalus nuclear ER conformed to those of classical ER, its elution maximum from DNA-cellulose was unusually high (0.55 M NaCl). A tendency to adhere tightly to cell nuclei was reflected in the high salt concentration (0.43 M KCl) required to extract 50% of the receptors from the nuclear compartment during homogenization and in the stability of the nuclear ER population in the presence of high concentrations of a nonionic solute (urea) or increased buffer volume. Mixing and redistribution experiments showed that nuclear ER could be quantitatively and qualitatively measured in cytosolic extracts, ruling out the possibility that soluble receptors were being masked. Although Squalus oviduct ER was similar to that of testis, ER in the testis and liver of a related elasmobranch (Potamotrygon) that maintains osmotic equilibrium at 300 mosM more closely resembled mammalian ER in its elution maximum from DNA-cellulose (0.22 M NaCl) and cytosolic/nuclear ratios in low-salt buffers. We conclude that Squalus testis has a single ER pool located exclusively in the nuclear compartment. These observations support a revised concept of steroid action and further indicate that the chromatin affinity of the hormone-ER complex is an important factor in determining subfractional distribution during tissue processing. PMID:3856265

Nuclear and Radiochemistry Fundamentals and Applications

CERN Document Server

Lieser, Karl Heinrich

2001-01-01

This handbook gives a complete and concise description of the up-to-date knowledge of nuclear and radiochemsitry and applications in the various fields of science. I is based on teaching courses and on research for over 40 years. The book is addressed to any researcher whishing sound knowledge about the properties of matter, be it a chemist, a physicist, a medical doctor, a mineralogist or a biologist. They will all find it a valuable source of information about the principles and applications of nuclear and radiochemistry. Research in radiochemistry includes: Study of radioactice matter in na

Longitudinal polarization of positrons in 22Na decay

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Skalsey, M.; Girard, T.A.; Rich, A.

1985-01-01

Detailed descriptions are given of previously reported measurements of the longitudinal polarization (P/sub L/) of positrons in the allowed and unique second forbidden weak decays of 22 Na. The measurements were performed relative to the allowed decay of 68 Ga by application of time-resolved spectroscopy of the n = 1 hyperfine states of positronium formed in powder media. Assuming the theoretical value P/sub L/( 68 Ga) = β(0.999 +- 0.001), the results are P/sub L/( 22 Na, 3 + →2 + ) = β(+1.003 +- 0.011) and P/sub L/( 22 Na, 3 + →0 + ) = β(+1.00 +- 0.05). The allowed decay result (combined with other 22 Na experimental data on the decay rate, the capture ratio, the spectral shape, the βγ directional correlation, and the weak magnetic form factor) yields a determination of the full weak form factor structure of the transition through second order in recoil. The experimental value for the capture ratio is currently considered to be anomalously low compared to theoretical estimates. Our polarization result is not, however, sufficiently accurate to definitively favor one or the other value. The forbidden decay result, together with model-dependent nuclear structure calculations, restricts the contribution of previously neglected higher-order corrections to the allowed decay to be less than 10 -8

Precision mass measurements of very short-lived, neutron-rich Na isotopes using a radiofrequency spectrometer

CERN Document Server

Lunney, M D; Doubre, H; Henry, S; Monsanglant, C; De Saint-Simon, M; Thibault, C; Toader, C F; Borcea, C; Bollen, G

2001-01-01

Mass measurements of high precision have been performed on sodium isotopes out to $^{30}$Na using a new technique of radiofrequency excitation of ion trajectories in a homogeneous magnetic field. This method, especially suited to very short-lived nuclides, has allowed us to significantly reduce the uncertainty in mass of the most exotic Na isotopes: a relative error of 5x10$^{-7}$ was achieved for $^{28}$Na having a half-life of only 30.5 ms and 9x10$^{-7}$ for the weakly produced $^{30}$Na. Verifying and minimizing binding energy uncertainties in this region of the nuclear chart is important for clarification of a long standing problem concerning the strength of the $N$=20 magic shell closure. These results are the fruit of the commissioning of the new experimental program Mistral.

Paraquat adsorption on NaX and Al-MCM-41.

Science.gov (United States)

Rongchapo, Wina; Deekamwong, Krittanun; Loiha, Sirinuch; Prayoonpokarach, Sanchai; Wittayakun, Jatuporn

2015-01-01

The aim of this work is to determine paraquat adsorption capacity of zeolite NaX and Al-MCM-41. All adsorbents were synthesized by hydrothermal method using rice husk silica. For Al-MCM-41, aluminum (Al) was added to the synthesis gel of MCM-41 with Al content of 10, 15, 20 and 25 wt%. The faujasite framework type of NaX and mesoporous characteristic of Al-MCM-41 were confirmed by X-ray diffraction. Surface area of all adsorbents determined by N2 adsorption-desorption analysis was higher than 650 m2/g. Al content and geometry were determined by X-ray fluorescence and 27Al nuclear magnetic resonance, respectively. Morphology of Al-MCM-41 were studied by transmission electron microscopy; macropores and defects were observed. The paraquat adsorption experiments were conducted using a concentration range of 80-720 mg/L for NaX and 80-560 mg/L for Al-MCM-41. The paraquat adsorption isotherms from all adsorbents fit well with the Langmuir model. The adsorption capacity of NaX was 120 mg/g-adsorbent. Regarding Al-MCM-41, the 10% Al-MCM-41 exhibited the lowest capacity of 52 mg/g-adsorbent while the other samples had adsorption capacity of 66 mg/g-adsorbent.

Communication of nuclear data progress: No.4(1990)

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

1990-12-01

Communication of Nuclear Data Progress (CNDP) in English is set up by Chinese Nuclear Committee and Chinese Nuclear Data Center (CNDC). This is the fourth issue. It includes measurements of neutron smaee angle scattering cross sections for Fe, Ni and Cr; n-D scattering phase-shift and 17 O R-matrix analyses; calculations of neutron elastic and inclastic scattering from 7 Li; evaluations of 2 H(n,2n), 23 Na, 59 Co(n, γ), 235,238 U, 239 Pu(n,f) and (n, γ) cross sections; and a fitting code of corrected SLBW with multlievel effect (CBNFIT); R-matrix analysis code (RAC) etc

Regulation of Na(+)/K(+)-ATPase by nuclear respiratory factor 1: implication in the tight coupling of neuronal activity, energy generation, and energy consumption.

Science.gov (United States)

Johar, Kaid; Priya, Anusha; Wong-Riley, Margaret T T

2012-11-23

NRF-1 regulates mediators of neuronal activity and energy generation. NRF-1 transcriptionally regulates Na(+)/K(+)-ATPase subunits α1 and β1. NRF-1 functionally regulates mediators of energy consumption in neurons. NRF-1 mediates the tight coupling of neuronal activity, energy generation, and energy consumption at the molecular level. Energy generation and energy consumption are tightly coupled to neuronal activity at the cellular level. Na(+)/K(+)-ATPase, a major energy-consuming enzyme, is well expressed in neurons rich in cytochrome c oxidase, an important enzyme of the energy-generating machinery, and glutamatergic receptors that are mediators of neuronal activity. The present study sought to test our hypothesis that the coupling extends to the molecular level, whereby Na(+)/K(+)-ATPase subunits are regulated by the same transcription factor, nuclear respiratory factor 1 (NRF-1), found recently by our laboratory to regulate all cytochrome c oxidase subunit genes and some NMDA and AMPA receptor subunit genes. By means of multiple approaches, including in silico analysis, electrophoretic mobility shift and supershift assays, in vivo chromatin immunoprecipitation, promoter mutational analysis, and real-time quantitative PCR, NRF-1 was found to functionally bind to the promoters of Atp1a1 and Atp1b1 genes but not of the Atp1a3 gene in neurons. The transcripts of Atp1a1 and Atp1b1 subunit genes were up-regulated by KCl and down-regulated by tetrodotoxin. Atp1b1 is positively regulated by NRF-1, and silencing of NRF-1 with small interference RNA blocked the up-regulation of Atp1b1 induced by KCl, whereas overexpression of NRF-1 rescued these transcripts from being suppressed by tetrodotoxin. On the other hand, Atp1a1 is negatively regulated by NRF-1. The binding sites of NRF-1 on Atp1a1 and Atp1b1 are conserved among mice, rats, and humans. Thus, NRF-1 regulates key Na(+)/K(+)-ATPase subunits and plays an important role in mediating the tight coupling between

Activity determination of Na+ K+ - ATPase and Mg++ - ATPase enzymes in the gill of Poecilia vivipara (Osteichthyes, Cyprinodontiformes in different salinities

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Marcelo da Cunha Amaral

2001-03-01

ânquias foram extraídas em tampão apropriado para isolar a membrana plasmática e usada dosagem específica para a atividade enzimática total de Na+ K+ ATPase e Mg++ - ATPase e sua relação a adaptação da variação da salinidade. A atividade das duas enzimas mostrou diferentes resultados. A maior expressão de Na+ K+ - ATPase foi observada em 20‰ (35 mimoles Pi/mg proteína.h, sendo a melhor salinidade para se manter o cultivo de P. vivipara.

Extratos brutos e constituintes de própolis brasileiras: avaliação dos efeitos nos carrapatos Rhipicephalus sanguineus, Rhipicephalus microplus e Amblyomma cajennense

OpenAIRE

Adne Abbud Righi

2013-01-01

Própolis é uma substância resinosa produzida por Apis mellifera, contendo principalmente resinas vegetais e cera das próprias abelhas. É usada na colmeia para diversas finalidades, como vedar aberturas, reparar as células e envolver invasores que foram mortos na colméia, além de contribuir para a quase constância da temperatura dentro da colmeia (28 - 30oC). A própolis é importante para as abelhas, pois é responsável pela manutenção de um ambiente quase estéril, agindo contra bactérias, fungo...

Characterization of contaminating bacterial community from ethanol fermentation process and the impact on the metabolome

OpenAIRE

Maria Letícia Bonatelli

2016-01-01

O processo fermentativo da Saccharomyces cerevisiae para a produção de etanol tem grande relevância para o Brasil por ser responsável por uma fonte de energia renovável que é amplamente usada na indústria automotiva. No entanto, em escalas industriais, a fermentação da levedura não ocorre em ambiente asséptico, sendo que diferentes micro-organismos contaminantes são capazes de crescer, competir por nutrientes e até mesmo interferir na fermentação da S. cerevisiae. A fim de melhor compreender ...

Avaliação agroeconômica das culturas da beterraba e coentro em função da época de estabelecimento do consórcio

OpenAIRE

Grangeiro,Leilson Costa; Santos,Allysson Pereira; Freitas,Francisco Claúdio Lopes; Simão,Livia Maciel Costa; Bezerra Neto,Francisco

2011-01-01

A consorciação de culturas é uma prática de cultivo usada na produção de hortaliças, e que influencia sobremaneira a produtividade dessas culturas, além de gerar vários benefícios agroeconômicos. O objetivo do presente trabalho foi avaliar os rendimentos de beterraba (Beta vulgarias L.) e coentro (Coriandrum sativum L.) em função da época de estabelecimento do consórcio entre essas culturas. O trabalho foi conduzido na Universidade Federal Rural do Semiárido, Mossoró-RN, durante o período de ...

ESTUDOS TEÓRICOS E DE MODELAGEM MOLECULAR IN SILICO APLICADOS À INTERAÇÃO ENTRE A ENZIMA DELTA-AMINOLEVULINATO DESIDRATASE E DISSELENETOS DE DIARILA

OpenAIRE

Rogério de Aquino Saraiva

2013-01-01

A enzima δ-aminolevulinato desidratase (δ-ALA-D) é uma metaloproteína essencial em vários processos biológicos, uma vez que é responsável por catalisar a formação de porfobilinogênio (PBG), um precursor dos tetrapirrólicos (heme, clorofila). Esta enzima é sensível a metais pesados e outros pró-oxidantes e, dessa forma, tem sido classicamente usada como um marcador na intoxicação por chumbo. Estudos in vitro e in vivo têm demonstrado que o organocalcogênio disseleneto de difenila [(P...

Alterações metabolicas induzidas pela cafeina durante o exercicio intermitente

OpenAIRE

Leonardo dos Reis Silveira

1998-01-01

Resumo: A cafeína porser uma droga muito comum nos dias atuais e capaz de alterar a performace durante o exercicio fisico, tem sido usada como um recurso ergogênico durante as competições esportivas em várias modalidades. O objetivo deste trabalho foi de verifiar a influência da cafeína no tempo de endurance, nas concentrações plasmáticas de ácidos graxos livres antes do exercício, nas concentrações de TBARS em amostras de urina no final do exercício, nas concentrações sanguíneas de lactato ...

Eriyik Tuz Reaktörlerinde Yakıt Malzemesi Olarak Kullanılan Na Çekirdeğinin Üretim Tesir Kesiti Hesaplamaları

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

S. Sedat DOĞAN

2014-12-01

Full Text Available Özet: Bu çalışmada, eriyik tuz reaktörlerinde yakıt malzemesi olarak kullanılan Na çekirdeğinin üretim tesir kesitleri hesaplanmıştır. Hesaplamalar; 24Mg(p,α21Na, 23Na(n,γ24Na, 24Mg(n,p24Na, 20Ne(d,n21Na ve 23Na(n,2n22Na reaksiyonları için 70 MeV parçacık gelme enerjisine kadar denge ve denge–öncesi nükleer reaksiyon modelleri kullanılarak gerçekleştirilmiştir. Denge–öncesi hesaplamalar için; Full Exciton Model, Hibrit Model, Geometri Bağımlı Hibrit Model ve Cascade Exciton Model, denge hesaplamaları için ise; Weisskopf–Ewing Model kullanılmıştır. Elde edilen sonuçlar, Deneysel Nükleer Reaksiyon Data (EXFOR Kütüphanesi'nden alınan deneysel değerlerle karşılaştırılmıştır. Ayrıca; 21,22,24Na üretimi için optimum enerji aralıkları belirlenmiştir. Anahtar kelimeler: Eriyik tuz reaktörleri, reaksiyon tesir kesiti, EXFOR, denge ve denge–öncesi reaksiyonlar, nükleer reaksiyonlar modelleri Production Cross Section Calculations of Na Nucleus Used as Fuel Material in Molten Salt Reactors Abstract: In this study, the production cross sections of Na nucleus used as fuel material in molten salt reactors have been calculated. The calculations for 24Mg(p,α21Na, 23Na(n,γ24Na, 24Mg(n,p24Na, 20Ne(d,n21Na and 23Na(n,2n22Na reactions have been carried out up to 70 MeV incident particle energies by using the equilibrium and pre–equilibrium nuclear reaction models. Full Exciton Model, Hybrid Model, Geometry Dependent Hybrid Model and Cascade Exciton Model for the pre–equilibrium reactions and Weisskopf–Ewing Model for the equilibrium reactions have been used. The calculated results have been compared with experimental data taken from the Experimental Nuclear Reaction Data (EXFOR library. Also, the optimum energy ranges for 21,22,24Na production have been determined. Key words: Molten salt reactor, reaction cross section, EXFOR, equilibrium and pre–equilibrium reactions, nuclear

AVALIAÇÃO DA USABILIDADE DE INTERFACES DE SISTEMAS VGI NA TAREFA DE INSERÇÃO DE FEIÇÕES.

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Péricles Luiz Picanço Jr

Full Text Available Um sistema de mapeamento voluntário (VGI - Volunteer Geographic Information, é uma aplicação computacional na qual um indivíduo voluntariamente visualiza, organiza, e dissemina livremente dados e informações geográficas que podem ser usadas gratuitamente por qualquer usuário (Tulloch, 2008. O objetivo principal de um sistema VGI é permitir que um voluntário colete dados geográficos; para isso é essencial considerar, durante o processo de desenvolvimento da aplicação, a interação do usuário com os elementos da interface. Sistemas VGI como o OpenStreetMap têm diferentes processos de interação com o usuário, os quais implicam em diferentes tipos de interfaces, funcionalidades e formulários. A execução de uma tarefa, assim como o seu resultado, pode diferir dependendo do sistema utilizado. Diferentes processos de interação acarretam em diferentes experiências do usuário, e consequentemente afetam a qualidade e a confiabilidade da informação espacial coletada. O processo de interação pode também influenciar a retenção de usuários no sistema, bem como a adesão de novos voluntários. O objetivo desta pesquisa é obter um panorama de aspectos da usabilidade de sistemas VGI, especificamente na tarefa de inserção de feições geográficas, desde o acesso ao sistema até o sucesso ou falha na execução da tarefa. Para execução desta pesquisa foram realizados testes com usuários com diferentes tipos de familiaridade com os sistemas Wikimapia, OpenStreetMap, e Wikiloc, com o objetivo final de inserir uma ou mais feições geográficas nesses aplicativos

Crosslinked Spondia purpurea gum: NaCl and p H effects on the gel absorption capability

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Silva Junior, Joao Batista A.; Feitosa, Judith P.A.; Paula, Regina C.M.; Paula, Haroldo C.B.

1999-01-01

Exudate gum from Spondia purpurea tree was cross linked with epichlorohydrin and its swelling behaviour as a function of Na Cl concentration and pH was investigated. Preliminary structural study was carried out by C-13 nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. The gum was found to absorb 35 time its own weight in water. Swelling increased with pH, being maximal in the pH range 8-10. The equilibrium water content was found to decrease with increasing Na Cl concentration. (author)

Estimation of covariances of {sup 16}O, {sup 23}Na, Fe, {sup 235}U, {sup 238}U and {sup 239}Pu neutron nuclear data in JENDL-3.2

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Shibata, Keiichi [Japan Atomic Energy Research Inst., Tokai, Ibaraki (Japan). Tokai Research Establishment; Nakajima, Yutaka; Kawano, Toshihiko; Oh, Soo-Youl; Matsunobu, Hiroyuki; Murata, Toru

1997-10-01

Covariances of nuclear data have been estimated for 6 nuclides contained in JENDL-3.2. The nuclides considered are {sup 16}O, {sup 23}Na, Fe, {sup 235}U, {sup 238}U, and {sup 239}Pu, which are regarded as important for the nuclear design study of fast reactors. The physical quantities for which covariances are deduced are cross sections, resolved and unresolved resonance parameters, and the first order Legendre-polynomial coefficient for the angular distribution of elastically scattered neutrons. As for {sup 235}U, covariances were obtained also for the average number of neutrons emitted in fission. The covariances were estimated by using the same methodology that had been used in the JENDL-3.2 evaluation in order to keep a consistency between mean values and their covariances. The least-squares fitting code GMA was used in estimating covariances for reactions of which JENDL-3.2 cross sections had been evaluated by taking account of measurements. In nuclear model calculations, the covariances were calculated by the KALMAN system. The covariance data obtained were compiled in the ENDF-6 format, and will be put into the JENDL-3.2 Covariance File which is one of JENDL special purpose files. (author). 193 refs.

Na+-stimulated ATPase of alkaliphilic halotolerant cyanobacterium Aphanothece halophytica translocates Na+ into proteoliposomes via Na+ uniport mechanism

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Soontharapirakkul Kanteera

2010-08-01

Full Text Available Abstract Background When cells are exposed to high salinity conditions, they develop a mechanism to extrude excess Na+ from cells to maintain the cytoplasmic Na+ concentration. Until now, the ATPase involved in Na+ transport in cyanobacteria has not been characterized. Here, the characterization of ATPase and its role in Na+ transport of alkaliphilic halotolerant Aphanothece halophytica were investigated to understand the survival mechanism of A. halophytica under high salinity conditions. Results The purified enzyme catalyzed the hydrolysis of ATP in the presence of Na+ but not K+, Li+ and Ca2+. The apparent Km values for Na+ and ATP were 2.0 and 1.2 mM, respectively. The enzyme is likely the F1F0-ATPase based on the usual subunit pattern and the protection against N,N'-dicyclohexylcarbodiimide inhibition of ATPase activity by Na+ in a pH-dependent manner. Proteoliposomes reconstituted with the purified enzyme could take up Na+ upon the addition of ATP. The apparent Km values for this uptake were 3.3 and 0.5 mM for Na+ and ATP, respectively. The mechanism of Na+ transport mediated by Na+-stimulated ATPase in A. halophytica was revealed. Using acridine orange as a probe, alkalization of the lumen of proteoliposomes reconstituted with Na+-stimulated ATPase was observed upon the addition of ATP with Na+ but not with K+, Li+ and Ca2+. The Na+- and ATP-dependent alkalization of the proteoliposome lumen was stimulated by carbonyl cyanide m - chlorophenylhydrazone (CCCP but was inhibited by a permeant anion nitrate. The proteoliposomes showed both ATPase activity and ATP-dependent Na+ uptake activity. The uptake of Na+ was enhanced by CCCP and nitrate. On the other hand, both CCCP and nitrate were shown to dissipate the preformed electric potential generated by Na+-stimulated ATPase of the proteoliposomes. Conclusion The data demonstrate that Na+-stimulated ATPase from A. halophytica, a likely member of F-type ATPase, functions as an electrogenic Na

Spectroscopy of Na-18: Bridging the two-proton radioactivity of Mg-19

Czech Academy of Sciences Publication Activity Database

Assie, M.; de Oliveira Santos, F.; Achouri, L.; Angelique, J. C.; Borcea, C.; Borcea, R.; Caceres, L.; Chudoba, V.; Pang, D. Y.; Ducoin, D.; Fallot, M.; Kamalou, O.; Kiener, J.; Lam, Y.; Lefevre, A.; Lotay, G.; Mrázek, Jaromír; Perrot, L.; Sánchez, A.; Rotaru, F.

2012-01-01

Roč. 712, č. 3 (2012), s. 198-202 ISSN 0370-2693 Grant - others:European Commission(XE) RII3-CT-2004-506065 Institutional support: RVO:61389005 Keywords : two-proton radioactivity * resonant elastic scattering * (19)mg * Na-18 * Ne-17 Subject RIV: BG - Nuclear, Atomic and Molecular Physics, Colliders Impact factor: 4.569, year: 2012

Polarization dependence of Na* + Na* associative ionization revisited

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Meijer, H.A.J.; Meulen, H.P. v.d.; Morgenstern, R.; Hertel, I.V.; Meyer, E.; Witte, R.

1986-01-01

The dependence of the associative ionization process Na 3 2P3/2 + Na 3 2P3/2 → Na2+ + e- on the polarization of the laser light used for Na excitation was independently investigated in Utrecht and Berlin. The purpose of this paper is to clarify discrepancies between two other earlier experimental

Recent advances in nuclear cardiology

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Lee, Won Woo

2016-01-01

Nuclear cardiology is one of the major fields of nuclear medicine practice. Myocardial perfusion studies using single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) have played a crucial role in the management of coronary artery diseases. Positron emission tomography (PET) has also been considered an important tool for the assessment of myocardial viability and perfusion. However, the recent development of computed tomography (CT)/magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) technologies and growing concerns about the radiation exposure of patients remain serious challenges for nuclear cardiology. In response to these challenges, remarkable achievements and improvements are currently in progress in the field of myocardial perfusion imaging regarding the applicable software and hardware. Additionally, myocardial perfusion positron emission tomography (PET) is receiving increasing attention owing to its unique capability of absolute myocardial blood flow estimation. An F-18-labeled perfusion agent for PET is under clinical trial with promising interim results. The applications of F-18 fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) and F-18 sodium fluoride (NaF) to cardiovascular diseases have revealed details on the basic pathophysiology of ischemic heart diseases. PET/MRI seems to be particularly promising for nuclear cardiology in the future. Restrictive diseases, such as cardiac sarcoidosis and amyloidosis, are effectively evaluated using a variety of nuclear imaging tools. Considering these advances, the current challenges of nuclear cardiology will become opportunities if more collaborative efforts are devoted to this exciting field of nuclear medicine

Estudo da potencialidade da aplicação de uma argila contaminada com calcário na produção de placas cerâmicas Study of the potentiality of the application of a contaminated clay with limestone in the production of ceramic plates

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

R. A. L. Soares

2012-12-01

Full Text Available Na região da cidade de Teresina, PI, encontra-se uma grande quantidade de jazidas de argilas de queima vermelha usadas na produção de cerâmica estrutural, sendo o principal motivo da instalação de um pólo cerâmico nesta região. Porém muitas destas jazidas não estão sendo exploradas de forma adequada ou simplesmente abandonadas por causa da contaminação com calcário, sendo este o principal contaminante indesejável pelos ceramistas do pólo teresinense. Assim, esta pesquisa tem como objetivo avaliar a potencialidade de aplicação de uma argila com calcário na produção de placas de revestimento cerâmico de queima vermelha. Para isso foram caracterizadas uma massa cerâmica usada na produção de revestimento semiporoso e uma argila contaminada com calcário. As matérias-primas foram queimadas em forno industrial separadamente e em combinação nas proporções de 25%, 50% e 75% em peso da argila adicionada a massa industrial. Foram realizados nos corpos de prova queimados ensaios tecnológicos de retração linear, absorção de água e resistência mecânica. A microestrutura foi avaliada através de análise por difração de raios X. Os resultados mostraram potencialidade da utilização da argila contaminada com calcário em massa de revestimento cerâmico.In the city of Teresina area, capital of Piauí, Brazil, there is a lot of clay deposits red burning used in the production of structural ceramics, being the main reason for installing a ceramic center in the region. But many of these deposits are not being adequately exploited or simply abandoned because of contamination with limestone, which is the main undesirable contaminant for the ceramic producers pole of Teresina. Thus, this research aims to evaluate the capability of applying some clay with limestone in the production of these plates of red ceramic burning. A ceramic body used in the production of coating semiporous and a contaminated clay with limestone were

High-precision half-life determination for 21Na using a 4 π gas-proportional counter

Science.gov (United States)

Finlay, P.; Laffoley, A. T.; Ball, G. C.; Bender, P. C.; Dunlop, M. R.; Dunlop, R.; Hackman, G.; Leslie, J. R.; MacLean, A. D.; Miller, D.; Moukaddam, M.; Olaizola, B.; Severijns, N.; Smith, J. K.; Southall, D.; Svensson, C. E.

2017-08-01

A high-precision half-life measurement for the superallowed β+ transition between the isospin T =1 /2 mirror nuclei 21Na and 21Ne has been performed at the TRIUMF-ISAC radioactive ion beam facility yielding T1 /2=22.4506 (33 ) s, a result that is a factor of 4 more precise than the previous world-average half-life for 21Na and represents the single most precisely determined half-life for a transition between mirror nuclei to date. The contribution to the uncertainty in the 21Na F tmirror value due to the half-life is now reduced to the level of the nuclear-structure-dependent theoretical corrections, leaving the branching ratio as the dominant experimental uncertainty.

The INS nuclear microprobe and its application

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Coote, G.E.

1986-01-01

The nuclear microprobe directs a well-focused beam of high-energy protons or deuterons at a solid specimen inside a vacuum chamber. Atomic and nuclear reactions are induced in those elements in a layer about 20 micro m thick, leading to the emission of characteristic x-rays, gamma rays, and charged particles as well as Rutherford scattering of the incident beam. These radiations impinge on several detectors near the specimen (NaI, Ge(Li), Si(Li) and Si surface barrier). Using proton-excited x-rays all elements above Na may be detected with sensitivities 10 or 100 times that of the electron probe, while elements which can be estimated from their gamma rays include C, N, O, F, Na and Al. In most of our projects the distribution of a trace or minor element (e.g. F, N) is compared to that of a major element (e.g. Ca or Fe). Recent areas of application include archaeometry (diffusion profiles of F in bones and teeth; depth profiles of sodium in obsidian), geology (F concentrations in mineral grains; studies of the Cretaceous-Tertiary boundary), metallurgy (C, O, N in steel and in welds; S, O, C in corrosion layers), fisheries management (Zn, Sr in otoliths; F in dogfish fin spines and vertebrae), biology (Fe, Sr, N in egg shells; trace elements in human hair), and dental research

CIRFT Data Update and Data Analyses for Spent Nuclear Fuel Vibration Reliability Study

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Wang, Jy-An John [Oak Ridge National Lab. (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States); Wang, Hong [Oak Ridge National Lab. (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States)

2018-01-01

The objective of this research is to collect experimental data on spent nuclear fuel (SNF) from pressurized water reactors (PWRs), including the H. B. Robinson Nuclear Power Station (HBR), Catawba Nuclear Station, North Anna Nuclear Power Station (NA), and the Limerick Nuclear Power Station (LMK) boiling water reactor (BWR). Data will be collected under simulated transportation environments using the cyclic integrated reversible-bending fatigue tester (CIRFT), an enabling hot-cell testing technology developed at Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL). These data will be used to support ongoing SNF modeling activities and to address regulatory issues associated with SNF transport.

Nuclear Structure Research at TRIUMF

Science.gov (United States)

Garrett, P. E.; Andreyev, A.; Austin, R. A. E.; Ball, G. C.; Bandyopadhyay, D.; Becker, J. A.; Boston, A. J.; Chakrawarthy, R. S.; Cline, D.; Cooper, R. J.; Churchman, R.; Cross, D.; Dashdorj, D.; Demand, G. A.; Dimmock, M. R.; Drake, T. E.; Finlay, P.; Gagon-Miosan, F.; Gallant, A. T.; Green, K. L.; Grint, A. N.; Grinyer, G. F.; Hackman, G.; Harkness, L. J.; Hayes, A. B.; Kanungo, R.; Kulp, W. D.; Leach, K. G.; Lee, G.; Leslie, J. R.; Martin, J.-P.; Mattoon, C.; Mills, W. J.; Morton, A. C.; Mythili, S.; Nelson, L.; Newman, O.; Nolan, P. J.; Padilla-Rodal, E.; Pearson, C. J.; Phillips, A. A.; Porter-Peden, M.; Ressler, J. J.; Roy, R.; Ruiz, C.; Savajols, H.; Sarazin, F.; Schumaker, M. A.; Scraggs, D. P.; Scraggs, H. C.; Strange, M. D.; Svensson, C. E.; Waddington, J. C.; Wan, J. M.; Whitbeck, A.; Williams, S. J.; Wong, J.; Wood, J. L.; Wu, C. Y.; Zganjar, E. F.

2007-04-01

The radioactive beam laboratory at TRIUMF is currently the highest power ISOL facility in the world. Taking advantage of the high-intensity beams, major programs in nuclear astrophysics, nuclear structure, and weak interaction studies have begun. The low-energy area, ISAC-I, is capable of delivering beams up to mass 30 at approx 1.7 MeV/u or 60 keV up to the mass of the primary target, whereas ISAC-II will ultimately provide beams up to mass 150 and approx 6.5 MeV/u. Major gamma -ray spectrometers for nuclear structure research consist of the 8pi spectrometer at ISAC-I, and the TIGRESS spectrometer now being constructed for ISAC-II. Results from recent experiments investigating the beta -decay of nuclei near N=90 and Coulomb excitation of 20,21Na are presented that highlight the capabilities of the spectrometers.

Radiological respiratory protection in Angra-1 Nuclear Power Plant; Protecao respiratoria radiologica na Usina Nuclear de Angra

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Amaral, Marcos A. do [Furnas Centrais Eletricas S.A., Angra dos Reis, RJ (Brazil). Central Nuclear de Angra I. Div. de Protecao Radiologica e Ambiental

1996-07-01

The present paper has the purpose to describe the actual situation of the Radiological respiratory Protection in Angra I Nuclear Power Plant, the difficulties found and the goals to achieve, in order of the radiological protection excellence. (author)

ON01210.Na (Ex-RAD® mitigates radiation damage through activation of the AKT pathway.

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Anthony D Kang

Full Text Available Development of radio-protective agents that are non-toxic is critical in light of ever increasing threats associated with proliferation of nuclear materials, terrorism and occupational risks associated with medical and space exploration. In this communication, we describe the discovery, characterization and mechanism of action of ON01210.Na, which effectively protects mouse and human bone marrow cells from radiation-induced damage both in vitro and in vivo. Our results show that treatment of normal fibroblasts with ON01210.Na before and after exposure to ionizing radiation provides dose dependent protection against radiation-induced damage. Treatment of mice with ON01210.Na prior to radiation exposure was found to result in a more rapid recovery of their hematopoietic system. The mechanistic studies described here show that ON01210.Na manifests its protective effects through the up-regulation of PI3-Kinase/AKT pathways in cells exposed to radiation. These results suggest that ON 01210.Na is a safe and effective radioprotectant and could be a novel agent for use in radiobiological disasters.

Pseudo-ternary phase diagram in the Na2O-Na2O2-NaOH system

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Saito, Jun-ichi; Tendo, Masayuki; Aoto, Kazumi

1997-10-01

Generally, the phase diagrams are always used to understand the present state of compounds at certain temperature. In order to understand the corrosion behavior of structural material for FBR by main sodium compounds (Na 2 O, Na 2 O 2 and NaOH), it is very important to comprehend the phase diagrams of their compounds. However, only Na 2 O-NaOH pseudo-binary phase diagram had been investigated previously in this system. There is no study of other pseudo-binary or ternary phase diagrams in the Na 2 O-Na 2 O 2 -NaOH system. In this study, in order to clarify the present states of their compounds at certain temperatures, the pseudo-binary and ternary phase diagrams in the Na 2 O-Na 2 O 2 -NaOH system were prepared. A series of thermal analyses with binary and ternary component system has been carried out using the differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). The liquidus temperature and ternary eutectic temperatures were confirmed by these measurements. The beneficial indications for constructing phase diagrams were obtained from these experiments. On the basis of these results, the interaction parameters between compounds which were utilized for the Thermo-Calc calculation were optimized. Thermo-Calc is one of thermodynamic calculation software. Consequently the accurate pseudo-binary and ternary phase diagrams were indicated using the optimized parameters. (author)

ReNuAL: Renovation of the Nuclear Applications Laboratories

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Harman, Ruzanna

2014-01-01

The IAEA Department of Nuclear Sciences and Applications (NA) operates eight laboratories in Seibersdorf, near Vienna. Each of these laboratories performs unique functions that include supporting research and training for improving animal production and health, ensuring the effective and safe use of radiotherapy equipment, reinforcing food safety and developing hardier and higher-yielding food crops. They also contribute to protecting the global environment, enhancing countries’ capabilities in using nuclear instrumentation and analytical techniques, eliminating insect pests and managing soil and water sustainably. These are essential contributions to the IAEA’s mission of supporting the peaceful use of nuclear technologies to help meet global development challenges

LOCALIZATION OF Na+, K+-ATPASE AND OTHER ENZYMES IN TELEOST PSEUDOBRANCH

Science.gov (United States)

Dendy, Leslie A.; Deter, Russell L.; Philpott, Charles W.

1973-01-01

In an effort to determine the subcellular localization of sodium- and potassium-activated adenosine triphosphatase (Na+, K+-ATPase) in the pseudobranch of the pinfish Lagodon rhomboides, this tissue was fractionated by differential centrifugation and the activities of several marker enzymes in the fractions were measured. Cytochrome c oxidase was found primarily in the mitochondrial-light mitochondrial (M+L) fraction. Phosphoglucomutase appeared almost exclusively in the soluble (S) fraction. Monoamine oxidase was concentrated in the nuclear (N) fraction, with a significant amount also in the microsomal (P) fraction but little in M+L or S. Na+, K+-ATPase and ouabain insensitive Mg2+-ATPase were distributed in N, M+L, and P, the former having its highest specific activity in P and the latter in M+L. Rate sedimentation analysis of the M+L fraction indicated that cytochrome c oxidase and Mg2+-ATPase were associated with a rapidly sedimenting particle population (presumably mitochondria), while Na+, K+-ATPase was found primarily in a slowly sedimenting component. At least 75% of the Na+, K+-ATPase in M+L appeared to be associated with structures containing no Mg2+-ATPase. Kinetic properties of the two ATPases were studied in the P fraction and were typical of these enzymes in other tissues. Na+, K+-ATPase activity was highly dependent on the ratio of Na+ and K+ concentrations but independent of absolute concentrations over at least a fourfold range. PMID:4349221

O PROCESSAMENTO DA LEITURA NA AQUISIÇÃO DA MORFOLOGIA DERIVACIONAL EM PORTUGUÊS BRASILEIRO (PB POR DISLÉXICOS

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

José Ferrari Neto

2013-01-01

Full Text Available Este estudo investiga a aquisição da morfologia derivacional do português brasileiro (PB por crianças com diagnóstico preliminar de dislexia. A literatura tem sugerido uma dificuldade dos disléxicos em processar palavras morfologicamente complexas (CAPLAN, 1998, o que remete a um possível distúrbio no modo como palavras derivadas são representadas no léxico mental dos portadores de dislexia e por eles processadas. Outra explicação cabível seria a de que o disléxico apresenta problemas na passagem do reconhecimento da forma gráfica da palavra para a forma fônica correspondente. Em qualquer dos casos, essa dificuldade se reflete tanto nas habilidades de leitura quanto na aquisição das regras subjacentes aos processos derivacionais de formação de palavras em PB. A fim de prover mais evidências sobre essa questão, realizou-se um experimento, valendo-se da Técnica de Decisão Morfossemântica (BESSE; VIDIGAL DE PAULA; GOMBERT, 2005, numa adaptação da que foi usada por Mota (2008. Foram testadas 25 crianças sem queixa de dislexia, divididas em dois grupos etários, as quais serviram como controle, e 16 crianças com diagnóstico preliminar desse distúrbio, também divididas em dois grupos etários. Os resultados indicam que as crianças disléxicas que adquirem PB têm maior dificuldade em ler e processar as palavras morfologicamente complexas, em relação às crianças não disléxicas que adquirem essa mesma língua.

Efeitos da sibutramina sobre o sistema reprodutor masculino de ratos

OpenAIRE

Bellentani, Fernanda Furlanetto [UNESP

2011-01-01

A sibutramina é uma droga usada mundialmente para o tratamento da obesidade. Poucos A sibutramina é uma droga usada mundialmente para o tratamento da obesidade. Poucos A sibutramina é uma droga usada mundialmente para o tratamento da obesidade. Poucos A sibutramina é uma droga usada mundialmente para o tratamento da obesidade. Poucos A sibutramina é uma droga usada mundialmente para o tratamento da obesidade. Poucos A sibutramina é uma droga usada mundialmente para o tratamento da obesidade. ...

Convivência (des)ligada: Relações Interpessoais na Era Digital

OpenAIRE

Reis, Sílvia Raquel Vieira

2017-01-01

As relações interpessoais entre crianças e entre jovens são fundamentais para um desenvolvimento saudável e hospitaleiro. A interação face-a-face requer o desenvolvimento de capacidades distintas das usadas quando estamos online, pois aqui as emoções são expressas por bonecos (emojis) ou outros símbolos. No contexto mundial atual, as distâncias já não têm o significado que tinham, pois as fronteiras são, hoje, muitas vezes, meras formas simbólicas e sociais. Assistimos, hoje, a grandes ...

Átomos na integração: a aproximação Brasil-Argentina no campo nuclear e a construção do Mercosul

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Everton Vieira Vargas

1997-06-01

Full Text Available Este trabalho tenciona ser uma reflexão sobre a importância da aproximação entre o Brasil e a Argentina no campo nuclear, na segunda metade da década de 80 e no início dos anos 90, como fundamento para a construção de um relacionamento novo que suplantou uma rivalidade histórica entre ambos. O processo de aproximação encetado com um propósito aparentemente econômico, tinha uma dimensão estratégica. As repercussões desse esforço iam além dos interesses bilaterais imediatos e se refletiram na busca de uma nova inserção internacional dos dois países, num momento de transformações profundas nos planos interno e internacional. Através do programa de integração Brasil-Argentina (que mais tarde também envolveu o Uruguai e do MERCOSUL buscou-se estabelecer uma arquitetura político-jurídica, que criou uma realidade que extrapola o campo econômico e projeta-se no terreno político.This paper aims to be a reflection on the importance of the Brazil and Argentina closer relations in the nuclear field, in the late eighties and early nineties, as the basis for building a new relationship that replaced a historical rivalry. The aproximation process has begun with apparently economic purposes, but also had a strategic dimension. The repercussions of this effort went beyond immediate bilateral interests, reflected in the search for a new international insertion by both countries, at a time of deep transformations, both internally and internationally. The Brazil-Argentina integration program (that later also involved Uruguay and MERCOSUL led to the establishment of a political-legal structure that created a reality that goes beyond economics to the political domain.

Efeitos da desertificação na composição de espécies do bioma Caatinga, Paraíba/Brasil

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Bartolomeu Israel Souza

2015-12-01

Full Text Available A desertificação é reconhecida como uma das principais ameaças a zonas de clima seco em todo mundo. No Brasil, esse fenômeno tem atingido especialmente o bioma Caatinga, para o qual ainda existe pouca informação acerca de suas consequências na composição florística. O presente trabalho objetivou avaliar este efeito em sítios inseridos em três municípios da Paraíba (Nordeste, Brasil. Sítios de amostragem foram previamente selecionados por imagens de satélite usando a técnica IVDN, seguido de um levantamento vegetacional in locu (método transecto abrangendo ambientes não-desertificados e desertificados. Análises univariadas (teste U e multivariadas (nMDS foram usadas a verificar diferenças nas variáveis vegetacionais e demonstrar padrões de dissimilaridades entre os ambientes contrastantes, respectivamente. A riqueza e diversidade de plantas diferiram significativamente entre os ambientes. O nMDS identificou três grupos de plantas: i espécies associadas a áreas não-desertificadas (Anadenanthera columbrina, Bauhinia cheilantha e Tabebuia impetiginosa, ii espécies relacionadas a áreas desertificadas (Aspidosperma pyrifolium, Jatropha molissima, Mimosa tenuiflora e Pilosocereus gounellei e iii espécies presentes nos dois tipos de ambientes (Croton sonderianus, Piptadenia stipulacea e Poincianella pyramidalis. Os resultados apontaram que a desertificação desencadeou mudanças severas na composição florística da Caatinga, indicando também que as intervenções humanas foram determinantes no estabelecimento dos diferentes ambientes.

Extracellular Na+ levels regulate formation and activity of the NaX/alpha1-Na+/K+-ATPase complex in neuronal cells.

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Emmanuelle eBerret

2014-12-01

Full Text Available MnPO neurons play a critical role in hydromineral homeostasis regulation by acting as sensors of extracellular sodium concentration ([Na+]out. The mechanism underlying Na+-sensing involves Na+-flow through the NaX channel, directly regulated by the Na+/K+-ATPase α1-isoform which controls Na+-influx by modulating channel permeability. Together, these two partners form a complex involved in the regulation of intracellular sodium ([Na+]in. Here we aim to determine whether environmental changes in Na+ could actively modulate the NaX/Na+/K+-ATPase complex activity.We investigated the complex activity using patch-clamp recordings from rat MnPO neurons and Neuro2a cells. When the rats were fed with a high-salt-diet, or the [Na+] in the culture medium was increased, the activity of the complex was up-regulated. In contrast, drop in environmental [Na+] decreased the activity of the complex. Interestingly under hypernatremic condition, the colocalization rate and protein level of both partners were up-regulated. Under hyponatremic condition, only NaX protein expression was increased and the level of NaX/Na+/K+-ATPase remained unaltered. This unbalance between NaX and Na+/K+-ATPase pump proportion would induce a bigger portion of Na+/K+-ATPase-control-free NaX channel. Thus we suggest that hypernatremic environment increases NaX/Na+/K+-ATPase α1-isoform activity by increasing the number of both partners and their colocalization rate, whereas hyponatremic environment down-regulates complex activity via a decrease in the relative number of NaX channels controlled by the pump.

Development and study of airborne spectrometer system being compatible with nuclear emergency monitoring

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Jiangqi, Fang; Huaiwu, Wang; Mingkao, Hu; Renkang, Gu

2002-01-01

The exploitation and use of nuclear energy are of great importance to developing of national economy and maintaining state security. But it also has a possibility of serious accident. Based on the principles of airborne gamma ray spectrometry in the uranium exploration, nuclear emergency monitoring has been developed. This method has high sensitivity to the radioactive nuclides in the air and on the ground, and with the advantage of fast measuring in large area. Hence, in the middle of 1980s, some developed countries began to survey the scope and degree of nuclear accident contamination and environmental radiation level monitoring in the surrounding nuclear facilities, it can also be used to search for the lost radioactive sources. According to the actual situation and compatible guideline, National Nuclear Emergency Office consigned this project to our Center. After development and study on the Airborne gamma ray spectrometer system associated NaI(Tl) used for the uranium exploration, a compatible spectrometer system associated NaI(Tl) was established in a short period by us, which can fulfill airborne nuclear emergency survey basically. In normal situation, it was proved that the start-up time is less than two hours including transport to the airport. The system has high sensitivity to radioactive plume of 41 Ar and can respond rapidly to artificial sources, such as 192 Ir, 60 Co, 137 Cs and 131 I etc

Família e o processo de diferenciação na perspectiva de Murray Bowen: um estudo de caso

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Elizabeth Medeiros de Almeida Martins

2008-06-01

Full Text Available Este estudo teve como objetivo investigar a aplicabilidade do conceito de diferenciação do self elaborado por Murray Bowen na terapia da família. Focalizou a história de uma família mostrando como as histórias de vida do casal, a partir das primeiras triangulações, tanto na família nuclear quanto na extensa, foram transmitidas entre gerações até gerar uma história renovada do casal e de sua própria família.

A Study of the Distribution of Sodium Cations in the Zeolites NaX, NaY and ZnNaY Using Carbon Monoxide Adsorption and 23Na NMR Techniques

Science.gov (United States)

Seidel, A.; Boddenberg, B.

1995-03-01

The zeolites NaX, NaY, Zn(55)NaY, and Zn(74)NaY were investigated by means of carbon monoxide adsorption and with static and magic angle spinning (MAS) 23Na NMR spectroscopy. The Na+ distribution between the sodalite (ß)- and supercages of the fully hydrated zeolites NaX and NaY were found to agree with XRD results. In the hydrated zinc-exchanged zeolites the Na+ ions almost exclusively populate the ß-cages. The adsorption isotherms of CO in the dehydrated zeolites were analyzed quantitatively to yield the concentrations of Na+ residing in the supercages. The measured static and MAS 23Na NMR spectra were analyzed by comparing their widths and shapes with simulated central transition patterns and yield, inter alia, the concentrations of Na+ associated with the spectrum components. Arguments are put forward that 23Na NMR of dehydrated zeolites is well suited to distinguish Na+ cations in highly symmetric environments and mobile Na+ species from others located on general positions, but further resolution is hardly feasible.

HCO3(-)-coupled Na+ influx is a major determinant of Na+ turnover and Na+/K+ pump activity in rat hepatocytes

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Fitz, J.G.; Lidofsky, S.D.; Weisiger, R.A.; Xie, M.H.; Cochran, M.; Grotmol, T.; Scharschmidt, B.F.

1991-01-01

Recent studies in hepatocytes indicate that Na(+)-coupled HCO3- transport contributes importantly to regulation of intracellular pH and membrane HCO3- transport. However, the direction of net coupled Na+ and HCO3- movement and the effect of HCO3- on Na+ turnover and Na+/K+ pump activity are not known. In these studies, the effect of HCO3- on Na+ influx and turnover were measured in primary rat hepatocyte cultures with 22Na+, and [Na+]i was measured in single hepatocytes using the Na(+)-sensitive fluorochrome SBFI. Na+/K+ pump activity was measured in intact perfused rat liver and hepatocyte monolayers as Na(+)-dependent or ouabain-suppressible 86Rb uptake, and was measured in single hepatocytes as the effect of transient pump inhibition by removal of extracellular K+ on membrane potential difference (PD) and [Na+]i. In hepatocyte monolayers, HCO3- increased 22Na+ entry and turnover rates by 50-65%, without measurably altering 22Na+ pool size or cell volume, and HCO3- also increased Na+/K+ pump activity by 70%. In single cells, exposure to HCO3- produced an abrupt and sustained rise in [Na+]i from approximately 8 to 12 mM. Na+/K+ pump activity assessed in single cells by PD excursions during transient K+ removal increased congruent to 2.5-fold in the presence of HCO3-, and the rise in [Na+]i produced by inhibition of the Na+/K+ pump was similarly increased congruent to 2.5-fold in the presence of HCO3-. In intact perfused rat liver, HCO3- increased both Na+/K+ pump activity and O2 consumption. These findings indicate that, in hepatocytes, net coupled Na+ and HCO3- movement is inward and represents a major determinant of Na+ influx and Na+/K+ pump activity. About half of hepatic Na+/K+ pump activity appears dedicated to recycling Na+ entering in conjunction with HCO3- to maintain [Na+]i within the physiologic range

Electronic structure of fractionally nuclear charged atoms

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Pavao, Antonio C.; Bastos, Cristiano C.; Ferreira, Joacy V.

2008-01-01

Different properties of quark chemistry are studied by performing accurate ab initio Hartree- Fock calculations on fractionally nuclear charged atoms. Ground and first excited states of sodium atoms with quarks attached to the nucleus are obtained using CI calculations. It is suggested that the sodium 2 P -> 2 S electronic transition can be used as a guide in searching for unconfined quarks. Also, the variation of the binding electronic energy with nuclear charge in the isoelectronic series of fractionally nuclear charged atoms A ±2/3 and A ±1/3 (A = H, Li, Na, P and Ca) is analyzed. The present calculations suggest that unconfined colored particles have large appetite for heavy nuclei and that quark-antiquark pairs could be stabilized in presence of the atomic matter. (author)

The effect of Na vapor on the Na content of chondrules

Science.gov (United States)

Lewis, R. Dean; Lofgren, Gary E.; Franzen, Hugo F.; Windom, Kenneth E.

1993-01-01

Chondrules contain higher concentrations of volatiles (Na) than expected for melt droplets in the solar nebula. Recent studies have proposed that chondrules may have formed under non-canonical nebular conditions such as in particle/gas-rich clumps. Such chondrule formation areas may have contained significant Na vapor. To test the hypothesis of whether a Na-rich vapor would minimize Na volatilization reaction rates in a chondrule analog and maintain the Na value of the melt, experiments were designed where a Na-rich vapor could be maintained around the sample. A starting material with a melting point lower that typical chondrules was required to keep the logistics of working with Na volatilization from NaCl within the realm of feasibility. The Knippa basalt, a MgO-rich alkali olivine basalt with a melting temperature of 1325 +/- 5 C and a Na2O content of 3.05 wt%, was used as the chondrule analog. Experiments were conducted in a 1 atm, gas-mixing furnace with the fO2 controlled by a CO/CO2 gas mixture and fixed at the I-W buffer curve. To determine the extent of Na loss from the sample, initial experiments were conducted at high temperatures (1300 C - 1350 C) for duration of up to 72 h without a Na-rich vapor present. Almost all (up to 98%) Na was volatilized in runs of 72 h. Subsequent trials were conducted at 1330 C for 16 h in the presence of a Na-rich vapor, supplied by a NaCl-filled crucible placed in the bottom of the furnace. Succeeding Knudsen cell weight-loss mass-spectrometry analysis of NaCl determined the P(sub Na) for these experimental conditions to be in the 10(exp -6) atm range. This value is considered high for nebula conditions but is still plausible for non-canonical environments. In these trials the Na2O content of the glass was maintained or in some cases increased; Na2O values ranged from 2.62% wt to 4.37% wt. The Na content of chondrules may be controlled by the Na vapor pressure in the chondrule formation region. Most heating events capable

The NA60 experiment results and perspectives

CERN Document Server

Heuser, J M; Banicz, K; Borer, K; Buytaert, J; Castor, J I; Chaurand, B; Chenn, W; Cheynis, B; Cicalò, C; Colla, A; Cortese, R; David, A; De Falco, A; De Marco, N; Devaux, A; Drees, A; Ducroux, L; Enyo, H; Ferretti, A; Floris, M; Force, P; Grigorian, A A; Grossiord, J Y; Guettet, N; Guichard, A; Gulkanian, H R; Keil, M; Kluberg, L; Li, Z; Lourenço, C; Lozano-Bahilo, J; Manso, F; Masoni, A; Neves, A; Ohnishi, H; Oppedisano, C; Parracho, P; Puddu, G; Radermacher, E; Rosinsky, P; Scomparin, E; Seixas, J; Serci, S; Shahoyan, R; Sonderegger, P; Tieulent, R; Usai, G L; Vardanian, H; Veenhof, R; Wöhri, H K

2003-01-01

The NA60 experiment takes place at the SPS at CERN, to study the production of open charm and prompt dimuons in collisions induced by proton and heavy ion beams on nuclear targets. For this task, several novel detector systems were added to the dimuon spectrometer and zero-degree calorimeter, which were previously used in the NA50 experiment. The main upgrade is a new silicon pixel vertex spectrometer. It tracks the charged particles that are produced through the collisions in the target and allows us to match their trajectories and momenta with those of the muons that are measured behind the hadron absorber in the muon spectrometer. Besides improving considerably the dimuon mass resolution, the vertex telescope measures the offset of each muon track with respect to the interaction point. This allows us to select events where charm mesons were produced. We present in this article first results from dimuon data that were acquired in Summer 2002 with a 400 GeV proton beam. A silicon microstrip telescope was use...

Na/K pump inactivation, subsarcolemmal Na measurements, and cytoplasmic ion turnover kinetics contradict restricted Na spaces in murine cardiac myocytes.

Science.gov (United States)

Lu, Fang-Min; Hilgemann, Donald W

2017-07-03

Decades ago, it was proposed that Na transport in cardiac myocytes is modulated by large changes in cytoplasmic Na concentration within restricted subsarcolemmal spaces. Here, we probe this hypothesis for Na/K pumps by generating constitutive transsarcolemmal Na flux with the Na channel opener veratridine in whole-cell patch-clamp recordings. Using 25 mM Na in the patch pipette, pump currents decay strongly during continuous activation by extracellular K (τ, ∼2 s). In contradiction to depletion hypotheses, the decay becomes stronger when pump currents are decreased by hyperpolarization. Na channel currents are nearly unchanged by pump activity in these conditions, and conversely, continuous Na currents up to 0.5 nA in magnitude have negligible effects on pump currents. These outcomes are even more pronounced using 50 mM Li as a cytoplasmic Na congener. Thus, the Na/K pump current decay reflects mostly an inactivation mechanism that immobilizes Na/K pump charge movements, not cytoplasmic Na depletion. When channel currents are increased beyond 1 nA, models with unrestricted subsarcolemmal diffusion accurately predict current decay (τ ∼15 s) and reversal potential shifts observed for Na, Li, and K currents through Na channels opened by veratridine, as well as for Na, K, Cs, Li, and Cl currents recorded in nystatin-permeabilized myocytes. Ion concentrations in the pipette tip (i.e., access conductance) track without appreciable delay the current changes caused by sarcolemmal ion flux. Importantly, cytoplasmic mixing volumes, calculated from current decay kinetics, increase and decrease as expected with osmolarity changes (τ >30 s). Na/K pump current run-down over 20 min reflects a failure of pumps to recover from inactivation. Simulations reveal that pump inactivation coupled with Na-activated recovery enhances the rapidity and effectivity of Na homeostasis in cardiac myocytes. In conclusion, an autoregulatory mechanism enhances cardiac Na/K pump activity when

El efecto de información engañosa para eventos emocionales: ¿cuán susceptibles son nuestras memorias?

OpenAIRE

Neufeld, Carmem Beatriz; Brust, Priscila Goergen; Stein, Lilian Milnitsky

2008-01-01

O presente trabalho visa fornecer evidências científicas da susceptibilidade das memórias a distorção através do estudo das falsas memórias (lembranças de eventos que, na realidade, não ocorreram) para situações emocionalmente carregadas. Foi usada a versão brasileira dos instrumentos e procedimentos de Cahill, Prins, Weber, e McGaugh e adaptada por Neufeld, Brust e Stein para a investigação do efeito da emoção na memória e nas falsas memórias. O experimento investigou o efeito de sugestão de...

O efeito da sugestão de falsa informação para eventos emocionais: quão suscetíveis são nossas memórias?

OpenAIRE

Neufeld,Carmem Beatriz; Brust,Priscila Goergen; Stein,Lilian Milnitsky

2008-01-01

O presente trabalho visa fornecer evidências científicas da susceptibilidade das memórias a distorção através do estudo das falsas memórias (lembranças de eventos que, na realidade, não ocorreram) para situações emocionalmente carregadas. Foi usada a versão brasileira dos instrumentos e procedimentos de Cahill, Prins, Weber, e McGaugh e adaptada por Neufeld, Brust e Stein para a investigação do efeito da emoção na memória e nas falsas memórias. O experimento investigou o efeito de sugestão de...

CONDIÇÃO AUDITIVA DE FREQUENTADORES DE GRUPOS DE APOIO A EXUSUÁRIOS DE DROGAS

OpenAIRE

Tainara Milbradt Weich

2012-01-01

O presente trabalho tem como objetivo verificar a condição auditiva de frequentadores de grupos de apoio a ex-usuários de drogas. Foram avaliados 17 indivíduos ex-usuários de drogas, estando entre as mais usadas a maconha, o crack e a cocaína. Os indivíduos foram divididos em dois grupos, conforme o tipo de droga mais consumida: Grupo 1 (G1) 10 ex-usuários de maconha; Grupo 2 (G2) sete ex-usuários de crack/cocaína. Para a análise dos resultados, houve uma subdivisão confor...

Evolução da força de mordida, encefalização e socialidade em canídeos (Carnívora: Mammalia)

OpenAIRE

SILVA, Elis Marina Damasceno

2011-01-01

As formas em que as diferenças taxonômicas na morfologia, comportamento ou história de vida se relacionam uns com os outros têm sido usadas regularmente para testar idéias sobre forças seletivas envolvidas na sua evolução. A comparação entre espécies é a técnica mais utilizada para examinar como os organismos estão adaptados aos seus ambientes. Os objetivos deste trabalho são: testar a correlação entre força de mordida e volume encefálico a reconstruir os estados ancestrais par...

Evolução da força de mordida, encefalização e socialidade em canídeos (Carnivora: Mammalia)

OpenAIRE

Damasceno Silva, Elis Marina

2011-01-01

As formas em que as diferenças taxonômicas na morfologia, comportamento ou história de vida se relacionam uns com os outros têm sido usadas regularmente para testar idéias sobre forças seletivas envolvidas na sua evolução. A comparação entre espécies é a técnica mais utilizada para examinar como os organismos estão adaptados aos seus ambientes. Os objetivos deste trabalho são: testar a correlação entre força de mordida e volume encefálico a reconstruir os estados ancestrais par...

Explosive hazards analysis of the eutectic solution NaK and KO2

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Commander, J.C.

1975-06-01

Planning, preparation, conductance, and evaluation of field tests are reported to determine the explosive hazards associated with the combining of the sodium-potassium eutectic alloy (NaK) with the superoxide of potassium (KO 2 ) under various conditions of state, contamination, and detonation initiation. The planning and preparation was conducted by Aerojet Nuclear Company (ANC) at the Idaho National Engineering Laboratory, and the explosive hazards testing was done by Cook Associates, Inc., at IRECO Chemicals Pelican Point Research and Development facility in Utah. The test results showed that binary combinations of pure NaK and KO 2 could not be made to detonate, although the mixtures will spontaneously ignite and burn. However, tertiary combinations of NaK, KO 2 plus a water or hydrocarbon contaminant produced explosive hazards under a variety of conditions. The work was performed as part of the Decontamination and Decommissioning (D and D) of the first Experimental Breeder Reactor (EBR-I) and was funded by 189c I-215. (U.S.)

Nuclear Data Parameter Adjustment BNL-INL

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Palmiotti, G.; Hoblit, S.; Herman, M.; Nobre, G.P.A.; Palumbo, A.; Hiruta, H.; Salvatores, M.

2013-01-01

This presentation reports on the consistent adjustment of nuclear data parameters performed within a BNL-INL collaboration. The main advantage compared to the classical adjustment of multigroup constants is to provide final nuclear data constrained by the nuclear reaction theory and consistent with both differential and integral measurements. The feasibility of a single-isotope assimilation was tested on a few priority materials ( 23 Na, 56 Fe, 105 Pd, 235,238 U, 239 Pu) using a selection of clean integral experiments. The multi-isotope assimilation is under study for the Big-3 ( 235,238 U, 239 Pu). This work shows that a consistent assimilation is feasible, but there are pitfalls to avoid (e.g. non-linearity, cross section fluctuations) and prerequisites (e.g. realistic covariances, good prior, realistic weighting of differential and integral experiments). Finally, only all experimental information combined with the state of the art modelling may provide a 'right' answer

Influenza polymerase encoding mRNAs utilize atypical mRNA nuclear export.

Science.gov (United States)

Larsen, Sean; Bui, Steven; Perez, Veronica; Mohammad, Adeba; Medina-Ramirez, Hilario; Newcomb, Laura L

2014-08-28

Influenza is a segmented negative strand RNA virus. Each RNA segment is encapsulated by influenza nucleoprotein and bound by the viral RNA dependent RNA polymerase (RdRP) to form viral ribonucleoproteins responsible for RNA synthesis in the nucleus of the host cell. Influenza transcription results in spliced mRNAs (M2 and NS2), intron-containing mRNAs (M1 and NS1), and intron-less mRNAs (HA, NA, NP, PB1, PB2, and PA), all of which undergo nuclear export into the cytoplasm for translation. Most cellular mRNA nuclear export is Nxf1-mediated, while select mRNAs utilize Crm1. Here we inhibited Nxf1 and Crm1 nuclear export prior to infection with influenza A/Udorn/307/1972(H3N2) virus and analyzed influenza intron-less mRNAs using cellular fractionation and reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR). We examined direct interaction between Nxf1 and influenza intron-less mRNAs using immuno purification of Nxf1 and RT-PCR of associated RNA. Inhibition of Nxf1 resulted in less influenza intron-less mRNA export into the cytoplasm for HA and NA influenza mRNAs in both human embryonic kidney cell line (293 T) and human lung adenocarcinoma epithelial cell line (A549). However, in 293 T cells no change was observed for mRNAs encoding the components of the viral ribonucleoproteins; NP, PA, PB1, and PB2, while in A549 cells, only PA, PB1, and PB2 mRNAs, encoding the RdRP, remained unaffected; NP mRNA was reduced in the cytoplasm. In A549 cells NP, NA, HA, mRNAs were found associated with Nxf1 but PA, PB1, and PB2 mRNAs were not. Crm1 inhibition also resulted in no significant difference in PA, PB1, and PB2 mRNA nuclear export. These results further confirm Nxf1-mediated nuclear export is functional during the influenza life cycle and hijacked for select influenza mRNA nuclear export. We reveal a cell type difference for Nxf1-mediated nuclear export of influenza NP mRNA, a reminder that cell type can influence molecular mechanisms. Importantly, we

Spastin-Interacting Protein NA14/SSNA1 Functions in Cytokinesis and Axon Development

Science.gov (United States)

Chang, Jaerak; Blackstone, Craig

2014-01-01

Hereditary spastic paraplegias (HSPs) are a genetically diverse group of inherited neurological disorders (SPG1-72) with the cardinal feature of prominent lower-extremity spasticity due to a length-dependent axonopathy of corticospinal motor neurons. The most frequent form of autosomal dominant HSP results from mutations of the SPG4 gene product spastin. This is an ATPase associated with diverse cellular activities (AAA) protein that binds to and severs microtubules. While spastin participates in crucial cellular processes such as cytokinesis, endosomal tubulation, and axon development, its role in HSP pathogenesis remains unclear. Spastin interacts in cells with the NA14 protein, a major target for auto-antibodies in Sjögren's syndrome (nuclear autoantigen 1; SSNA1). Our analysis of endogenous spastin and NA14 proteins in HeLa cells and rat cortical neurons in primary culture revealed a clear distribution of both proteins to centrosomes, with NA14 localizing specifically to centrioles. Stable NA14 knockdown in cell lines dramatically affected cell division, in particular cytokinesis. Furthermore, overexpression of NA14 in neurons significantly increased axon outgrowth and branching, while also enhancing neuronal differentiation. We postulate that NA14 may act as an adaptor protein regulating spastin localization to centrosomes, temporally and spatially regulating the microtubule-severing activity of spastin that is particularly critical during the cell cycle and neuronal development. PMID:25390646

Spastin-interacting protein NA14/SSNA1 functions in cytokinesis and axon development.

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Uma Goyal

Full Text Available Hereditary spastic paraplegias (HSPs are a genetically diverse group of inherited neurological disorders (SPG1-72 with the cardinal feature of prominent lower-extremity spasticity due to a length-dependent axonopathy of corticospinal motor neurons. The most frequent form of autosomal dominant HSP results from mutations of the SPG4 gene product spastin. This is an ATPase associated with diverse cellular activities (AAA protein that binds to and severs microtubules. While spastin participates in crucial cellular processes such as cytokinesis, endosomal tubulation, and axon development, its role in HSP pathogenesis remains unclear. Spastin interacts in cells with the NA14 protein, a major target for auto-antibodies in Sjögren's syndrome (nuclear autoantigen 1; SSNA1. Our analysis of endogenous spastin and NA14 proteins in HeLa cells and rat cortical neurons in primary culture revealed a clear distribution of both proteins to centrosomes, with NA14 localizing specifically to centrioles. Stable NA14 knockdown in cell lines dramatically affected cell division, in particular cytokinesis. Furthermore, overexpression of NA14 in neurons significantly increased axon outgrowth and branching, while also enhancing neuronal differentiation. We postulate that NA14 may act as an adaptor protein regulating spastin localization to centrosomes, temporally and spatially regulating the microtubule-severing activity of spastin that is particularly critical during the cell cycle and neuronal development.

Composition - structure - properties relationships of peraluminous glasses for nuclear waste containment

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Piovesan, Victor

2016-01-01

Part of the Research and Development program concerning high level nuclear waste conditioning aims to assess new glass formulations able to incorporate a high waste content with enhanced properties in terms of homogeneity, thermal stability, long term behavior and process ability. This study focuses on peraluminous glasses, defined by an excess of aluminum ions Al"3"+ in comparison with modifier elements such as Na"+, Li"+ or Ca"2"+. A Design of Experiment approach has been employed to determine relationships between composition of simplified peraluminous glasses (SiO_2 - B_2O_3 - Al_2O_3 - Na_2O - Li_2O - CaO - La_2O_3) and their physical properties such as viscosity, glass transition temperature and glass homogeneity. Moreover, some structural investigation (NMR) was performed in order to better understand the structural role of Na"+, Li"+ and Ca"2"+ and the structural organization of peraluminous glasses. Then, physical and chemical properties of fully simulated peraluminous glasses were characterized to evaluate transposition between simplified and fully simulated glasses and also to put forward the potential of peraluminous glasses for nuclear waste containment. (author) [fr

Ergonomics in the licensing and evaluation of nuclear reactors control room; A ergonomia no licenciamento e na avaliacao de salas de controle de reatores nucleares

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Santos, Isaac Jose Antonio Luquetti dos [Instituto de Engenharia Nuclear (IEN), Rio de Janeiro, RJ (Brazil); Vidal, Mario Cesar Rodriguez [Universidade Federal, Rio de Janeiro, RJ (Brazil). Coordenacao dos Programas de Pos-graduacao de Engenharia. Programa de Engenharia de Producao

2002-07-01

A nuclear control room is a complex system that controls a thermodynamic process used to produce electrical energy. The operators interact with the control room through interfaces that have significant implications to nuclear plant safety and influence the operator activity. The TMI (Three Mile Island) accident demonstrated that only the anthropometric aspects were not enough for an adequate nuclear control room design. The studies showed that the accident was aggravated because the designers had not considered adequately human factor aspects. After TMI accident, the designers introduce in the nuclear control room development only human factors standards and human factors guidelines. The ergonomics approaches was not considered. Our objective is introduce in nuclear control room design and nuclear control room evaluation, a methodology that. includes human factors standards, human factors guidelines and ergonomic approaches, the operator activity analysis. (author)

Na+/Ca2+ exchange and Na+/K+-ATPase in the heart

Science.gov (United States)

Shattock, Michael J; Ottolia, Michela; Bers, Donald M; Blaustein, Mordecai P; Boguslavskyi, Andrii; Bossuyt, Julie; Bridge, John H B; Chen-Izu, Ye; Clancy, Colleen E; Edwards, Andrew; Goldhaber, Joshua; Kaplan, Jack; Lingrel, Jerry B; Pavlovic, Davor; Philipson, Kenneth; Sipido, Karin R; Xie, Zi-Jian

2015-01-01

This paper is the third in a series of reviews published in this issue resulting from the University of California Davis Cardiovascular Symposium 2014: Systems approach to understanding cardiac excitation–contraction coupling and arrhythmias: Na+ channel and Na+ transport. The goal of the symposium was to bring together experts in the field to discuss points of consensus and controversy on the topic of sodium in the heart. The present review focuses on cardiac Na+/Ca2+ exchange (NCX) and Na+/K+-ATPase (NKA). While the relevance of Ca2+ homeostasis in cardiac function has been extensively investigated, the role of Na+ regulation in shaping heart function is often overlooked. Small changes in the cytoplasmic Na+ content have multiple effects on the heart by influencing intracellular Ca2+ and pH levels thereby modulating heart contractility. Therefore it is essential for heart cells to maintain Na+ homeostasis. Among the proteins that accomplish this task are the Na+/Ca2+ exchanger (NCX) and the Na+/K+ pump (NKA). By transporting three Na+ ions into the cytoplasm in exchange for one Ca2+ moved out, NCX is one of the main Na+ influx mechanisms in cardiomyocytes. Acting in the opposite direction, NKA moves Na+ ions from the cytoplasm to the extracellular space against their gradient by utilizing the energy released from ATP hydrolysis. A fine balance between these two processes controls the net amount of intracellular Na+ and aberrations in either of these two systems can have a large impact on cardiac contractility. Due to the relevant role of these two proteins in Na+ homeostasis, the emphasis of this review is on recent developments regarding the cardiac Na+/Ca2+ exchanger (NCX1) and Na+/K+ pump and the controversies that still persist in the field. PMID:25772291

Communication of nuclear data progress: No.6 Supplement (1992)

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

1992-10-01

This is a supplement to No.6 of Communication of Nuclear Data Progress (CNDP), in which the second and final part of the papers of CENDL-2 (Chinese Evaluated Nuclear Data Library, Version 2.0) is published. It includes the evaluation reports of 17 elements and isotopes with incident neutron energy from 10 -5 eV to 20 MeV, they are 16 O, 23 Na, 31 P, Ca, Zn, Mn, 59 Co, Cd, In, Hf, 232 Th, 235 U, 239 Pu, 240 Pu, 241 Am, 249 Bk, 249 Cf

Estrategias de reperfusión usadas en pacientes con síndrome coronario agudo con elevación persistente del segmento ST en un hospital general: Reperfusion strategies in patients with acute coronary syndrome and persistent ST-segment elevation in a general hospital

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Luis Borda-Velásquez

2015-01-01

Full Text Available Objetivos: Conocer las estrategias de reperfusión en pacientes con síndrome coronario agudo ST elevado (SCASTE atendidos en el departamento de emergencia de un hospital general, y determinar el tiempo para realizar dichas estrategias a través de los tiempos puerta-aguja (P-A, puerta-balón (P-B, electrocardiograma (ECG y total de isquemia. Material y métodos: Estudio retrospectivo transversal en pacientes con diagnóstico de SCASTE en el Hospital Nacional Cayetano Heredia (HNCH desde el 1° de enero de 2011 al 31 de enero de 2013. Se registraron las características demográficas y clínicas, tiempos de reperfusión miocárdica, de síntomas, para toma de ECG. Los factores asociados fueron analizados por análisis bivariado. Resultados: Cuarenta y cinco pacientes fueron elegibles. La edad media fue 60,5 ± 10,98 años, 88,8% fueron varones. El tiempo medio de hospitalización fue 9,79 ± 10,36 días. Se encontró obesidad (IMC ≥ 30 en 61,3%; hipertensión en 40,9%: tabaquismo en 43,1%; y diabetes mellitus II (DM II en 25%. El tiempo medio P-A de 57 ± 54,1 minutos; en 28,1% se administró el agente trombolítico antes de los 30 minutos. Angioplastia fue realizada en un paciente con un tiempo P-B de 440 minutos. El tiempo total de isquemia (TTI medio fue 244 ± 143,9 minutos. Conclusiones: Las estrategias de reperfusión fueron usadas en 71,1% de pacientes, siendo trombólisis la más usada; sin embargo, el tiempo P-A se encontró fuera del rango óptimo

WEB based user's applications for NA61/SHINE experiment at CERN

CERN Document Server

Piwek, Mateusz

1. Introduction The Master Thesis titled „Web based users applications for NA61/SHINE experiment at CERN” presents the World Wide Web technologies that has been used during development of the software suite for NA61/SHINE experiment. Presented software was implemented and is use by a group of approximately sixty users 1 . The NA61/SHINE is one of many projects that takes place in the European Organization for Nuclear Research – CERN located near Geneva. 1.1. About CERN CERN (French: Organisation européenne pour la recherche nucléaire 2 ) was established on 29 th of September 1954. Poland is a member state since 1991, however a for a long time before joining CERN Poland as the only country of Communist Block had an observatory status. Nowadays Polish scientists are taking a part in a main CERN's experiments such as ALICE, ATLAS or CMS. CERN's essential scientific facilities are the particle physics accelerators and detectors. The beam provided by the accelerator or collider by interacting w...

Plants used in the treatment of leishmanial ulcers due to Leishmania (Viannia braziliensis in an endemic area of Bahia, Brazil

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Flávio França

1996-06-01

Full Text Available This paper records the plants used in the treatment of cutaneous leishmaniasis due to Leishmania (Viannia braziliensis (L(Vb among the rural population of a cocoa- producing coastal area of Bahia state, Brazil. An enquiry conducted among a hundred patients identified 49 plant species used to treat skin ulceration caused by this Leishmania species. The principal plants used are caju-branco (Anacardium occidentale - Anacardiaceae, used by 65% of the population, folha-fogo (Clidemia hirta - Melastomataceae 39%, alfavaca-grossa (Plectranthus amboinicus - Lamiaceae 33%, mastruz (Chenopodium ambrosioides - Chenopodiaceae 31%, erva-de-santa-maria (Solatium americanum - Solanaceae (25% and transagem (Plantago major - Plantaginaceae. 2%.Este trabalho relata as plantas usadas no tratamento da leishmaniose cutânea, causada por Leishmania (Viannia braziliensis (L(Vb, na população rural da faixa litorânea produtora de cacau do estado da Bahia, Brasil. Um inquérito realizado entre 100 pacientes, identificou 49 espécies de plantas usadas para tratar úlceras de pele causadas por esta espécie de Leishmânia. As principais plantas usadas foram o cajueiro-branco (Anacardium occidentale - Anacardiaceae usado por 65% da população, a folha-fogo (Clidemia hirta - Melastomataceae 39%, a alfavaca-grossa (Plectranthus amboinicus - Lamiaceae 33%, o mastruz (Chenopodium ambrosioides - henopodiaceae 31%, a erva-de-santa-maria (Solanum americanum - Solanaceae 25% e a transagem (Plantago major - Plantaginaceae 2%.

Altered Na+ transport after an intracellular alpha-subunit deletion reveals strict external sequential release of Na+ from the Na/K pump.

Science.gov (United States)

Yaragatupalli, Siddhartha; Olivera, J Fernando; Gatto, Craig; Artigas, Pablo

2009-09-08

The Na/K pump actively exports 3 Na(+) in exchange for 2 K(+) across the plasmalemma of animal cells. As in other P-type ATPases, pump function is more effective when the relative affinity for transported ions is altered as the ion binding sites alternate between opposite sides of the membrane. Deletion of the five C-terminal residues from the alpha-subunit diminishes internal Na(+) (Na(i)(+)) affinity approximately 25-fold [Morth et al. (2007) Nature 450:1043-1049]. Because external Na(+) (Na(o)(+)) binding is voltage-dependent, we studied the reactions involving this process by using two-electrode and inside-out patch voltage clamp in normal and truncated (DeltaKESYY) Xenopus-alpha1 pumps expressed in oocytes. We observed that DeltaKESYY (i) decreased both Na(o)(+) and Na(i)(+) apparent affinities in the absence of K(o)(+), and (ii) did not affect apparent Na(o)(+) affinity at high K(o)(+). These results support a model of strict sequential external release of Na(+) ions, where the Na(+)-exclusive site releases Na(+) before the sites shared with K(+) and the DeltaKESYY deletion only reduces Na(o)(+) affinity at the shared sites. Moreover, at nonsaturating K(o)(+), DeltaKESYY induced an inward flow of Na(+) through Na/K pumps at negative potentials. Guanidinium(+) can also permeate truncated pumps, whereas N-methyl-D-glucamine cannot. Because guanidinium(o)(+) can also traverse normal Na/K pumps in the absence of both Na(o)(+) and K(o)(+) and can also inhibit Na/K pump currents in a Na(+)-like voltage-dependent manner, we conclude that the normal pathway transited by the first externally released Na(+) is large enough to accommodate guanidinium(+).

Estudo de lidocaína a 0,5% e combinação de lidocaína a 0,25% com fentanil e vecurônio em anestesia regional intravenosa para cirurgias de membros superiores Estudio de la lidocaína al 0,5% y en combinación de lidocaína al 0,25% con fentanilo y vecuronio en anestesia regional intravenosa para cirugías de miembros superiores Study of 0.5% lidocaine alone and combination of 0.25% lidocaine with fentanyl and vecuronium in intravenous regional anesthesia for upper limb surgeries

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Santhosh MCB

2013-06-01

Full Text Available JUSTIFICATIVA E OBJETIVOS: A anestesia regional intravenosa (ARIV para cirurgias de membros superiores com a tradicional alta dose de lidocaína pode levar a efeitos colaterais potencialmente letais. A fim de evitar esses efeitos, muitas técnicas modificadas de ARIV foram experimentadas com o uso de uma dose baixa de lidocaína, relaxante muscular e opioide. MÉTODOS: O presente estudo foi feito com 60 pacientes não medicados previamente, com classificação ASA 1-2, para comparar as características sensoriais e motoras, os parâmetros cardiorrespiratórios e os efeitos colaterais durante o período intraoperatório e de deflação pós-torniquete entre os pacientes que receberam 40 mL de lidocaína a 0,5% (n = 30 e aqueles que receberam uma combinação de 40 mL de lidocaína a 0,25% com 0,05 mg de fentanil e 0,5 mg de vecurônio (n = 30 em ARIV para cirurgias ortopédicas de membros superiores. Os resultados foram analisados com o uso do teste t de Student pareado para identificar a significância estatística. RESULTADO: A diferença entre os dois grupos em relação ao tempo médio de início e completo bloqueio sensitivo e motor foi estatisticamente significante. Porém, houve completo bloqueio sensitivo e motor em ambos os grupos 15 minutos após a injeção da solução anestésica. CONCLUSÃO: Embora a pequena demora observada no início e na obtenção completa dos bloqueios sensitivo e motor possa, teoricamente, atrasar o início da cirurgia em 10-15 minutos, clinicamente esse tempo seria gasto na preparação do campo cirúrgico. Portanto, essa combinação pode ser usada com segurança e eficácia em anestesia regional intravenosa para cirurgias ortopédicas de membros superiores com menor possibilidade de toxicidade anestésica local.JUSTIFICATIVA Y OBJETIVOS: La anestesia regional intravenosa (ARIV para cirugías de miembros superiores con la tradicional dosis alta de lidocaína, puede conllevar a efectos colaterales que

Ca/Na selectivity coefficients from the Poisson-Boltzmann theory

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Hedstroem, Magnus; Karnland, Ola

2010-01-01

Document available in extended abstract form only. A possible scenario in the post-glacial evolution of the bentonite buffer used in a KBS-3 repository for spent nuclear fuel is that parts of the buffer may erode due to sol formation caused by the extensive swelling of, in particular, Na-montmorillonite in water of low ionic strength. Presence of calcium in the interlayer has been shown to promote gel formation even in electrolytes with ionic strengths in the vicinity of those in glacial melt waters. In order to estimate the amount of calcium in the clay at the onset of glaciation one needs information of the selectivity coefficient for Ca/Na exchange. Hitherto, most experimental data for evaluating the Gaines-Thomas selectivity coefficient, K GT have been obtained in batch experiments, i.e. at high water-to-solid ratios. The conditions in highly compacted bentonite are, however, radically different in many respects, e.g. the interlayer space is on the nanometre scale and the concentration of counterions is in molar range. Therefore we would like to theoretically investigate the transferability of the selectivity coefficients, determined in batch experiments, to compacted conditions. We solve the Poisson-Boltzmann (PB) equation for two parallel charged surfaces in equilibrium with an external NaCl/CaCl 2 mixed solution. Integration of the ion concentration profiles obtained from the PB equation gives the occupancy of Na + and Ca 2+ in the clay. That information together with the composition of the external electrolyte is all that is needed for the calculation of K GT . With a surface layer-charge density of one charge per 145 A 2 , which is close to the value for Wyoming montmorillonite, we find a variation of the selectivity coefficient from about 4 M in batch to 8 M for compacted montmorillonite with dry density 1700 kg/m 3 . The significance as well as the physics behind these results will be presented in detail. The predictions, based on the PB theory, will

Write up of the codes for microscopic models of NN and NA scattering

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Amos, K.

1998-01-01

This report documents the essential details of the NN and NA computer programs that culminate in the prediction of elastic and inelastic nucleon scattering observables form optical potentials generated by full folding and effective NN interaction within the nuclear medium. That same (energy and density dependent) effective interaction is used as the transition operator in the distorted wave approximation (DWA) for inelastic (and charge exchange) nucleon scattering from nuclei. The report consists of four sections: 1) general remarks and program locations, 2) the t- and g-matrix codes and how to use them, 3) the effective interaction codes and how to use them, and 4) the NA codes, DWBA97 and DWBB97 and how to use them. (author)

Section for nuclear physics and energy physics - Annual report 1989

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

1990-04-01

The experimental activities in nuclear physics have in 1989 mainly been centered around the cyclotron laboratory with the Scanditronic MC-35 cyclotron. The installation of the CACTUS multidetector system has been completed. With 8 particle telescopes, 28 NaI detectors and 2 Ge detectors, this experimental arrangement represents a major improvement compared to earlier set-ups in the laboratory. Theoretical studies of manybody problems, and nuclear structure and reactions have continued. The study of problems related to the foundations of quantum mechanics has also been persued

Research in nuclear reactor theory and experimental reactors; Istrazivanja u teoriji nuklearnih reaktora i ekspeimentalni reaktori

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Pop-Jordanov, J [Elektrotehnicki fakultet, Beograd (Yugoslavia)

1978-05-15

The paper is devoted to the possibilities of using experimental reactors for scientific research in nuclear power with a stress on problems in nuclear reactor theory. The stationary and nonstationary neutron fields, burnup prediction and analyses as well as fuel element development and the corresponding role of test-reactors were dealt with. It was shown that the investigations in nuclear reactor theory in Yugoslavia were developing continuously and in a useful interaction with experiments on research reactors. The needs for continuing the work on fundamental problems in neutron transport theory and on improving the calculation methods for thermal power reactors, together with the improvement of performances of existing research systems, were pointed out. A new quality in scientific work could be obtained dealing with the problems connected to a possible introduction of test-reactors, and fast systems later on. It was also pleaded for the corresponding orientations in fundamental sciences. (author) Rad je posvecen mogucnostima koriscenja eksperimentalnih reaktora za naucna istrazivanja u nuklearnoj energetici, sa akcentom na probleme teorije nuklearnih reaktora. Obradjena su stacionarna i nestacionarna neutronska polja, predikcija i analize sagorevanja, kao i razvoj gorivnih elemenata te uloga test-reaktora u osvajanju njihove tehnologije. Pokazano je da su se istrazivanja u teoriji nuklearnih reaktora u nas odvijala kontinualno i u korisnoj interakciji sa eksperimentima na istrazivackim reaktorima. Istaknuta je potreba nastavljanja rada na fundamentalnim problemima transportne teorije neutrona i na usavrsavanju metoda proracuna termalnih enerrgetskih reaktora, uz poboljsanje performansi postojecih istrazivackih sistema. Novi kvalitet u naucnom radu bi predstavljala orijentacija na probleme vezane sa eventualnim uvodjenjem test-reaktora, a zatim i brzih sistema. Pledirano je i za odgovarajuca usmeravanja u fundamentalnim naukama. (author)

Análise da utilização das tecnologias da informação e comunicação na educação a distância (EaD.

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Carla Simone Pires

2017-02-01

Full Text Available A EaD se caracteriza por docentes e discentes fisicamente separados, conectados por TICs. No Brasil a EaD não é recente, entretanto, tem aumentado nos últimos anos devido a políticas públicas e à evolução das TICs, entretanto, a sua aplicação normalmente tem foco na economia de recursos. Apesar das dificuldades encontradas, é tendência mundial e converge para o uso de tecnologias. Neste sentido, TICs podem causar inclusão/exclusão social, dependendo de como sua utilização é planejadas. O mesmo ocorre com processos avaliativos, que mostram fragilidades. Os resultados permitem concluir que a transição para EaD não apresenta mudanças de práticas pedagógicas. Apesar disto, tem importante papel social, uma vez que vem suprir demandas reprimidas no que tange o acesso à educação superior, além de incentivar o desenvolvimento de municípios com Baixos Índice de Desenvolvimento Humano (IDH e Índice de Desenvolvimento da Educação Básica (IDEB. Ainda, mostra a necessidade de redimensionar as práticas de ensino (reinventando usos para TICs na transição entre ensino presencial e EaD, possibilitando que a EaD assuma sua função social na educação brasileira. Neste sentido,  Este trabalho teve como objetivo fazer um estudo analítico do contexto da Educação a Distância (EaD no Brasil, as práticas pedagógicas usadas e o papel das Tecnologias de Informação (TICs neste processo.

AVALIAÇÃO DA ATIVIDADE ANTIINFLAMATÓRIA DA FRAÇÃO ALCALOÍDICA DO FRUTO DE Solanum lycocarpum A.St.-Hil. (LOBEIRA)

OpenAIRE

VIEIRA JÚNIOR, Geraldo

2004-01-01

Solanum lycocarpum A. St.-Hil., popularmente conhecida como lobeira, é facilmente encontrada no cerrado. Caracteriza-se como uma planta arbustiva com até cinco metros de altura, ramos frágeis, apresentando fruto tipo baga globosa, de oito a quinze centímetros de diâmetro, cor verde-amarelada mesmo quando maduro, polpa carnosa e suculenta. A lobeira é usada na medicina popular para diversos fins terapêuticos, como por exemplo, bronquite, verminose, diabete e úlcera. Estudo co...

Stress corrosion evaluation on stainless steel 304 pipes in Laguna Verde Nuclear Power Plant

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Arganis J, C.R.

1996-01-01

Inside the frame of the project IAEA/MEX-41044 'Stress corrosion as a starting event of accidents in nuclear plants', and of the institutional project IA-252 under the same name, it was required from the Laguna Verde Nuclear Plant, material equivalent to the one employed in the piping of the primary recycling system. Laguna Verde Nuclear Plant granted two tracks of tubes, that could be used to substitute the ones that are in operation, as is the tube SA-358TP304 CL-QC with transversal welding, designated as ER-316-LQA. According to the report entitles 'Revision of the operational experience related to corrosion in the nuclear plants' it was found that the stress corrosion is the principal mechanism of corrosion present in the nuclear plants. Previous records indicate that sensitized stainless steels are resistant to stress corrosion in testings of constant loading in sea water (3.5% of chlorides approximately) to 80 Centigrade and to 80% of the limit of conveyance and that a solution of 22% of NaCl to 90 Centigrade, produces cracking due to stress corrosion in highly sensitized steels, in tests of speed of slow extension (SSRT), to a speed of 1x10 -6 s -1 . Daniels reports that there is a direct relation between the speed limit of detection of the SSRT test and the concentration of chlorides, for stainless steels tested to 100 Centigrade. The minimum detection speed of susceptibility to stress corrosion for solution to 20% of NaCl, is of 1x10 -7 s -1 . Taking into account these considerations, the employment of a solution with 22% of NaCl to 90 Centigrade to a speed of 1x10 -6 s -1 seems a good choice for the evaluation of stainless steel. (Author)

Active transport of Na+ by reconstituted Na,K-ATPase

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Boldyrev, A.A.; Svinukhova, I.A.

1987-01-01

The ability of ATP, CTP, ITP, GTP, and UTP to support ouabain-sensitive accumulation of Na + by proteoliposomes with a reconstituted Na/K-pump was investigated. At a low [Na + ]/[K + ] ratio in the medium (20 mM/50 mM), a correlation is observed between the proton-accepting capacity of the nucleotide and its effectiveness as a substrate of active transport. To test the hypothesis of the importance of the presence of a negative charge in the 1-position of the purine (3-pyrimidine) base of the nucleotide for mutual transitions between the Na- and K-conformations of Na,K-ATPase they used two analogs of ATP: N 1 -hydroxy-ATP, possessing proton acceptor capacity, and N 1 -methoxy-ATP, in the molecule of which the negative charge is quenched by a methyl group. The first substrate supports active accumulation of Na + in proteoliposomes at the same rate as ATP, whereas the second substrate is relatively ineffective

Correlação das escalas de avaliação utilizadas na doença de Parkinson com aplicabilidade na fisioterapia

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Marcella Patrícia Bezerra de Mello

Full Text Available INTRODUÇÃO: A doença de Parkinson (DP é uma patologia neurológica crônica e degenerativa do sistema nervoso central que acomete os gânglios da base, cujas características principais são tremor, rigidez e bradicinesia. Com o progresso terapêutico, desenvolveram-se várias escalas visando monitorar a evolução da doença e a eficácia de tratamentos. O objetivo deste estudo de revisão bibliográfica é caracterizar as principais escalas usadas para a avaliação da DP, discutindo sua aplicabilidade à prática fisioterapêutica. MATERIAIS E MÉTODO: Levantamento bibliográfico a partir de bases de dados como Scielo, Medline, Lilacs, PubMed, entre 1990 a 2005. RESULTADOS: Seis escalas são abordadas: Escala dos Estágios de Incapacidade de Hoehn e Yahr; Escala Unificada de Avaliação da DP (UPDRS; Escala de Sydney; Questionário da DP (PDQ-39; Qualidade de vida (PSN; Escala de atividade de Parkinson (PAS. Destacando-se a PDQ-39 pela percepção do paciente sobre sua qualidade de vida. A PAS é a que melhor atende aos objetivos específicos da fisioterapia, pois avalia os principais problemas de mobilidade funcional. Além das escalas de Hoehn e Yahr e a UPDRS, por sua confiabilidade, pois podem ser usadas por fisioterapeutas para melhor avaliação do estado clínico-funcional do paciente. CONCLUSÃO: A necessidade de monitorar a evolução dos pacientes e os resultados de intervenção fisioterapêutica exige do fisioterapeuta o conhecimento para utilizar medidas sistematizadas e de fácil aplicabilidade para avaliar pacientes com DP. Cabe a esse profissional optar pela que permita uma tomada de decisão clínica compatível com seu local de trabalho, com as necessidades do paciente e com o meio em que ele vive.

Measurement of exchangeable sodium: 22Na or 24Na

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Smith, T.; Edmonds, C.J.

1987-01-01

A case is made for the use of 22 Na in low activities in preference to 24 Na for routine diagnostic estimation of exchangeable sodium, and is based chiefly on considerations of availability, cost and radiation dosimetry. A method in which only 37 kBq (1 μCi) 22 Na is administered orally is shown to be sufficiently accurate and to possess distinct advantages in terms of cost and convenience with a committed radiation dose no greater than that for a measurement using 24 Na. (author)

Ouabain-induced internalization and lysosomal degradation of the Na+/K+-ATPase.

Science.gov (United States)

Cherniavsky-Lev, Marina; Golani, Ofra; Karlish, Steven J D; Garty, Haim

2014-01-10

Internalization of the Na(+)/K(+)-ATPase (the Na(+) pump) has been studied in the human lung carcinoma cell line H1299 that expresses YFP-tagged α1 from its normal genomic localization. Both real-time imaging and surface biotinylation have demonstrated internalization of α1 induced by ≥100 nm ouabain which occurs in a time scale of hours. Unlike previous studies in other systems, the ouabain-induced internalization was insensitive to Src or PI3K inhibitors. Accumulation of α1 in the cells could be augmented by inhibition of lysosomal degradation but not by proteosomal inhibitors. In agreement, the internalized α1 could be colocalized with the lysosomal marker LAMP1 but not with Golgi or nuclear markers. In principle, internalization could be triggered by a conformational change of the ouabain-bound Na(+)/K(+)-ATPase molecule or more generally by the disruption of cation homeostasis (Na(+), K(+), Ca(2+)) due to the partial inhibition of active Na(+) and K(+) transport. Overexpression of ouabain-insensitive rat α1 failed to inhibit internalization of human α1 expressed in the same cells. In addition, incubating cells in a K(+)-free medium did not induce internalization of the pump or affect the response to ouabain. Thus, internalization is not the result of changes in the cellular cation balance but is likely to be triggered by a conformational change of the protein itself. In physiological conditions, internalization may serve to eliminate pumps that have been blocked by endogenous ouabain or other cardiac glycosides. This mechanism may be required due to the very slow dissociation of the ouabain·Na(+)/K(+)-ATPase complex.

Impact of nuclear data on sodium-cooled fast reactor calculations

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Aures, A.; Bostelmann, F.; Zwermann, W.; Velkov, K.

2016-01-01

Neutron transport and depletion calculations are performed in combination with various nuclear data libraries in order to assess the impact of nuclear data on safety-relevant parameters of sodium-cooled fast reactors. These calculations are supplemented by systematic uncertainty analyses with respect to nuclear data. Analysed quantities are the multiplication factor and nuclide densities as a function of burn-up and the Doppler and Na-void reactivity coefficients at begin of cycle. While ENDF/B-VII.0 / -VII.1 yield rather consistent results, larger discrepancies are observed between the JEFF libraries. While the newest evaluation, JEFF-3.2, agrees with the ENDF/B-VII libraries, the JEFF-3.1.2 library yields significant larger multiplication factors. (authors)

Suppression of Na interstitials in Na-F codoped ZnO

Science.gov (United States)

Huo, Wenxing; Mei, Zengxia; Tang, Aihua; Liang, Huili; Du, Xiaolong

2018-04-01

Controlling the formation of interstitial Na (Nai) self-compensating defects has been a long-term physics problem for effective Na doping in ZnO. Herein, we present an experimental approach to the suppression of Nai defects in ZnO via Na and F codoping under an oxygen-rich condition during the molecular beam epitaxy growth process. It is found that the incorporation of such large numbers of Na and F dopants (˜1020 cm-3) does not cause an obvious influence on the lattice parameters. Hall-effect measurements demonstrate that F doping efficiently raises the Fermi level (EF) of ZnO films, which is expected to make the formation energy of Nai and NaZn increase and decrease, respectively. Most of the Na atoms occupy the substitutional Zn sites, and the formation of Nai is suppressed consequently. Secondary ion mass spectrometry measurements reveal that F and Na atoms are tightly bonded together due to their strong Coulomb interaction. The enhanced deep level emission (DLE) in ZnO:Na-F is ascribed to the considerable amount of isolated Zn vacancy (VZn) defects induced by the elevated EF and the formation of neutral (" separators="| FO + - Na Zn - ) 0 complexes. On the other hand, formation of (" separators="| FO + - VZn 2 - ) - complexes in ZnO:F exhausts most of the isolated Zn vacancies, leading to the disappearance of the DLE band.

MAPEAMENTO DA SUSCETIBILIDADE A DESLIZAMENTOS USANDO TÉCNICAS DE ESTATÍSTICA BIVARIADA E SISTEMA DE INFORMAÇÕES GEOGRÁFICAS NA REGIÃO NORDESTE DO RIO GRANDE DO SUL

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Roberto Nunes Vanacôr

2012-08-01

Full Text Available Este trabalho apresenta um método para mapeamento de suscetibilidade a deslizamentos na região nordeste do Rio Grande Sul, Brasil. O método é baseado em duas principais linhas de pesquisa: 1 a seleção e análise dos fatores condicionantes de deslizamentos e 2 o mapeamento de susceptibilidade com uso de um Sistema de Informações Geográficas (SIG, sensoriamento remoto e estatística bivariada. Durante a pesquisa foram testados estatisticamente parâmetros topográficos, geológicogeotécnicos e antrópicos gerados a partir de imagens ASTER, fotografias aéreas e mapas temáticos. Para determinar o peso dos fatores e diminuir a subjetividade no processo de decisão, foi avaliada a contribuição relativa de cada um deles com uso da técnica Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP, baseada na lógica de comparação pareada. Por fim, através da avaliação por critérios múltiplos, foi definido o peso de cada plano de informação empregando o método de combinação linear ponderada, obtendo como produto o mapa de susceptibilidade da área. A metodologia utilizada se mostrou rápida, de fácil aplicação e relativamente de baixo custo, podendo ser usada por instituições públicas para a previsão de deslizamentos e para auxiliar no gerenciamento do uso do solo.

A Comparison between HPGe and NaI(Tl) detectors performance for gamma-spectrometry of low level measurement

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Poursiamy, N. H.; Tajikahmadi, H.; Mirshojaei, S. F.

2005-01-01

According to progressive usage of nuclear technology, it's important to prevent the contamination of the environment by man-made radioisotopes and exposures of human being. Radioisotopes can enter the human body by inhalation and ingestion which are the most important ways to internal exposures. Measurement of radiation level in foodstuff is one of the most important parameters in environmental safety which is performed according to constitution and standard tests in most countries such as Iran. Gamma spectrometry is carried out by NaI(Tl) and HPGe detector systems for foodstuffs. In this research operation of HPGe and NaI(Tl) detectors in gamma spectrometry with a standard radioactive source are investigated and compared. Also the result of NaI superiority in foodstuff radiation measurement given

Sodium Iodide-131 (Na131I) AS Gelatin Capsules At TNRC-In Libya

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Sherief, M. F.; Abudeeb, F. N.; Abudaia, J. A.; Elghanoudy, Y. A.

2004-01-01

In this contribution, the production of a capsulated Na 131 I radiopharmaceutical, for treatment of variety of hyperthyroidism diseases, at Tajoura Nuclear Research Center in Tripoli-Libya is described. The process requires the application of a very small volume of iodine-131 (not more than 25μ l in some cases) with radioactivities reaching some 37 GBq per capsule. The application of such volume is necessary to prevent damage to gelatin material. Loading a volume of 100 μ l of radioactive Na 131 I solution containing 37 GBq. radioactivity within a capsule filled with anhydrous sodium hydrogen phosphate as an adsorption material for Na 131 I solution brings such solution into a direct interaction with the gelatin material. This is assumed to have an inadequate effect in therapy. To overcome this problem, the work team has introduced some substantial alterations on the irradiation procedure and the process of the pre-irradiation treatment of the target. As a consequence, that has successfully culminated in production of Na 131 I capsules with proper perspective (e.g. radioactive yield of 74 GBq from 37 GBq previously and radioactive concentration of 37 GBq/ml). (Authors)

OGLAŠEVANJE NA DRUŽBENIH OMREŽJIH NA PRIMERU FACEBOOKA

OpenAIRE

Novak, Martina

2012-01-01

V diplomskem delu obravnavamo družbene medije kot novo priložnost za promocijo in oglaševanje podjetij. Spoznali smo družbena omrežja na splošno in nekaj teh, ki jih uporabljamo tudi v Sloveniji na kratko predstavili. Podrobneje smo se osredotočili na družbeno omrežje Facebook, predvsem na samo spletno stran, njen izgled in storitve, ki jih ponuja uporabnikom. V nalogi je podrobneje opisan Facebook kot orodje za uporabo oglaševanja. Spoznali smo brezplačne in plačljive načine promocije in ogl...

Na+,K+-ATPase Na+ affinity in rat skeletal muscle fiber types

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Kristensen, Michael; Juel, Carsten

2010-01-01

Previous studies in expression systems have found different ion activation of the Na(+)/K(+)-ATPase isozymes, which suggest that different muscles have different ion affinities. The rate of ATP hydrolysis was used to quantify Na(+),K(+)-ATPase activity, and the Na(+) affinity of Na(+),K(+)-ATPase...

Bose-Einstein correlations and the equation of state of nuclear matter in relativistic heavy-ion collisions

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Schlei, B.R.

1998-01-01

Experimental spectra of the CERN/SPS experiments NA44 and NA49 are fitted while using four different equations of state of nuclear matter within a relativistic hydrodynamic framework. For the freeze-out temperatures, T f = 139 MeV and T f = 116 MeV, respectively, the corresponding freeze-out hypersurfaces and Bose-Einstein correlation functions for identical pion pairs are discussed. It is concluded, that the Bose-Einstein interferometry measures the relation between the temperature and the energy density in the equation of state of nuclear matter at the late hadronic stage of the fireball expansion. It is necessary, to use the detailed detector acceptances in the calculations for the Bose-Einstein correlations

Uso popular de espécies medicinais da família Verbenaceae no Brasil

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

A.C.B. SANTOS

2015-01-01

Full Text Available RESUMO Com o presente trabalho objetivou-se realizar um levantamento bibliográfico acerca das espécies da família Verbenaceae utilizadas na medicina popular nas diversas regiões do Brasil. Os trabalhos acadêmicos utilizados para elaboração desta pesquisa foram extraídos de revistas indexadas junto ao Scielo publicadas no período de 2000 a 2012, sendo também realizada busca no Google acadêmico. Os dados foram compilados e organizados em ordem alfabética por espécies, seguidas do nome popular, forma de uso, parte usada, indicações e área de estudo. Foram encontrados um total de 85 publicações indicando 55 espécies distribuídas em oito gêneros. A espécie com maior número de citações foi Lippia alba (Mill. N.E.Br., com 56 registros. Das plantas descritas na literatura, a folha foi o órgão mais citado como parte usada e o chá, o modo de preparo mais utilizado. Dentre as categorias de indicações medicinais, as plantas que mereceram destaque foram às relacionadas ao tratamento das doenças do sistema respiratório e digestório. Constatou-se que o Rio de Janeiro foi o estado que contou com o maior número de publicações na área. O uso de plantas medicinais está cada vez mais presente entre as diversas comunidades. Com isso, as informações contidas neste trabalho servirão para auxiliar na elaboração de banco de dados sobre o modo de uso das plantas pertencentes à família Verbenaceae com potencial medicinal encontradas nos Estados brasileiros.

Crystal structure of Na+, K(+)-ATPase in the Na(+)-bound state.

Science.gov (United States)

Nyblom, Maria; Poulsen, Hanne; Gourdon, Pontus; Reinhard, Linda; Andersson, Magnus; Lindahl, Erik; Fedosova, Natalya; Nissen, Poul

2013-10-04

The Na(+), K(+)-adenosine triphosphatase (ATPase) maintains the electrochemical gradients of Na(+) and K(+) across the plasma membrane--a prerequisite for electrical excitability and secondary transport. Hitherto, structural information has been limited to K(+)-bound or ouabain-blocked forms. We present the crystal structure of a Na(+)-bound Na(+), K(+)-ATPase as determined at 4.3 Å resolution. Compared with the K(+)-bound form, large conformational changes are observed in the α subunit whereas the β and γ subunit structures are maintained. The locations of the three Na(+) sites are indicated with the unique site III at the recently suggested IIIb, as further supported by electrophysiological studies on leak currents. Extracellular release of the third Na(+) from IIIb through IIIa, followed by exchange of Na(+) for K(+) at sites I and II, is suggested.

Evaluation of 1cm dose equivalent rate using a NaI(Tl) scintilation spectrometer

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Matsuda, Hideharu

1990-01-01

A method for evaluating 1 cm dose equivalent rates from a pulse height distribution obtained by a 76.2mmφ spherical NaI(Tl) scintillation spectrometer was described. Weak leakage radiation from nuclear facilities were also measured and dose equivalent conversion factor and effective energy of leakage radiation were evaluated from 1 cm dose equivalent rate and exposure rate. (author)

PIRATARIA E DOWNLOAD COMO COMPORTAMENTO DESVIANTE E AS TÉCNICAS DE NEUTRALIZAÇÃO USADAS PELO CONSUMIDORES

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

João Felipe R. Sauerbronn

2011-03-01

Full Text Available Apesar do crescimento na venda de música digital, pesquisas apontam que 95% dos downloads musicais não pagam direitos autorais. As tecnologias de download e compartilhamento são geralmente apontados como responsáveis pelo fenômeno chamado de pirataria pela indústria fonográfica, colocando na mesma categoria pessoas físicas e jurídicas, vendedores e usuários. A indústria classifica download como crime, um comportamento desviante do ideal social e econômico. Este trabalho busca dar voz ao consumidor, ao tentar compreender suas percepções e estratégias de neutralização de tal comportamento desviante. Para tanto, foram realizados quatro grupos de foco com jovens “downloaders” com o objetivo de verificar a relação desses consumidores com a música, a identificação de comportamentos desviantes e a descrição das Técnicas de Neutralização utilizadas. Os dados foram analisados segundo a Análise de Discurso e os resultados mostraram oito maneiras dos consumidores justificarem ‘maus comportamentos’, representando a ampliação de duas das categorias apresentadas pela literatura.

A construção da coordenação política e da cooperação estratégica entre o Brasil e Argentina na área nuclear (1980-1997)

OpenAIRE

Silva, Ana Paula da [UNESP

2011-01-01

O trabalho analisa o processo histórico do surgimento, desenvolvimento e consolidação da coordenação política e da cooperação estratégica entre Brasil e Argentina na área nuclear. Levando em conta a rivalidade existente entre os dois países, faz-se um exame das políticas interna e externa exercida por ambos, considerando ainda aspectos importantes da política regional e global, e de que maneira foram implantados os mecanismos para a superação da desconfiança mútua e estabelecimento da coopera...

Meltability in system of K2TaF7-NaF-NaCl-KCl

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Kartsev, V.E.; Kovalev, F.V.; Korshunov, B.G.

1975-01-01

Thermographic and visual-polythermal techniques were used to study the meltability in K 2 TaF 7 -NaF-NaCl-KCl system. The tetrahedron-forming sections NaF-NaCl-K 2 TaF 7 xKCl and NaF-K 2 TaF 7 xKCl-2K 2 TaF 7 xNaCl divide the concentration tetrahedron into three particular tetrahedra: NaF-K 2 TaF 7 xKCl-2K 2 TaF 7 xNaCl-K 2 TaF 7 , NaF-NaCl-K 2 TaF 7 xKCl-2K 2 TaF 7 xaCl, and NaF-NaCl-KCl-K 2 TaF 7 xKCl. Non-variant equilibrium points in all of the particular four-component systems have been determined

Um estudo de downscaling dinâmico de precipitação intrasazonal acoplado a modelo chuva-vazão na bacia hidrográfica alto-médio São Francisco A study of intraseasonal precipitation dynamic downscaling coupled to rain-streamflow model at the alto-médio São Francisco hydrographic basin

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

José Pedro Rebés Lima

2009-09-01

Full Text Available Este estudo mostra a aplicação de modelagem hidroclimática dinâmica (hydroclimate downscaling de precipitação acoplada a um modelo hidrológico chuva-vazão, para as Bacias hidrográficas denominadas Cachoeira Manteiga e Porto da Extrema, localizadas na Bacia do Alto-Médio São Francisco no Estado de Minas Gerais. Ênfase foi dada à simulação na escala intrasazonal (mensal. Os resultados sugerem que a simulação de precipitação pode ser usada como variável de entrada em modelos de estimativa de vazão para períodos na escala de um mês, dando subsídio a um melhor aproveitamento dos recursos hídricos na bacia hidrográfica estudada. Estes ainda sugerem que a simulação de precipitação, quando corrigida pela técnica Probability Density Function (PDFs, é mais eficiente na estimativa de precipitação simulada quando comparada com a precipitação observada na bacia, resultando em uma melhor simulação de vazão afluente na bacia.This study shows the use of rainfall dynamic hydroclimate downscaling coupled to the rain-streamflow hydrological model for the hydrographic basins named Cachoeira Manteiga and Porto da Extrema, localized at Alto-Médio São Francisco Basin in Minas Gerais State. The emphasis was to simulate the intraseasonal scale (monthly. The results suggest that the rainfall simulation can be used as input data to streamflow estimation models for periods of monthly scale, allowing a more rational usage of the surface water resources in the hydrographic basin studied. It is also suggested that the rainfall data simulation, corrected by the Probability Density Function (PDF technique, is more efficient to estimate rainfall comparing to observed rainfall in the basin thus resulting in a better simulation of the basin flow outlet.

Nuclear methods in medicine

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Wolfe, D.M.

1997-01-01

Physicists have created remarkably sophisticated instruments for the performance of experiments. With variable phase lags many of these have become useful in technology. In the medical field NMD techniques have become commonplace under the rubric of Magnetic Resonance Imaging. Particle physics has developed sophisticated detectors for both charged and neutral particles. Many of these also have been adapted to medical uses. In both radiology and nuclear medicine, pixel detectors based on designs originating at large-scale colliders, are becoming highly useful in replacing film and NaI as the primary means of X-ray and (-ray detection. Coupled with high-speed work stations, these new techniques allow exciting new imagining modalities. Many of these are based on the handling of digital images originally developed for astronomy. Thus, once again, fundamental science is making large contributions to the development of technology. In this talk, various examples of developments in digital mammography and digital detectors for nuclear medicine will be given. The possibilities for telemedicine will be discussed. (author)

Development of Al2O3 carrier-Ru composite catalyst for hydrogen generation from alkaline NaBH4 hydrolysis

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Huang, Yao-Hui; Su, Chia-Chi; Wang, Shu-Ling; Lu, Ming-Chun

2012-01-01

A recyclable and reusable Ru/Al 2 O 3 catalyst is prepared for hydrogen generation from the hydrolysis process of alkaline sodium borohydride (NaBH 4 ) solution. The hydrogen generation rate by the hydrolysis and methanolysis of alkaline NaBH 4 was explored as a function of NaOH concentration. Meantime, the byproducts derived from the spent alkaline NaBH 4 solution were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electro microscope/energy dispersive spectrometer (SEM/EDS) and NMR (Nuclear Magnetic Resonance). The effect of NaOH concentration on the hydrogen generation from the hydrolysis of NaBH 4 significantly depends on the type of catalysts. With increasing NaOH concentration, the hydrogen generation rates decrease when using ruthenium (Ru) composite as a catalyst. The hydrogen generation rate of the methanolysis of NaBH 4 is significantly inhibited in the presence of NaOH as compared with the hydrolysis of NaBH 4 . The durability test of the Ru/Al 2 O 3 catalyst shows that the hydrogen generation rate decreases with recycling and reuse. The XRD and NMR analysis results show that the borate hydrate (NaBO 2 H 2 O) was derived from the hydrolysis of 20 wt% and 30 wt% NaBH 4 . -- Highlights: ► A recyclable Ru/Al 2 O 3 catalyst was synthesized for hydrogen generation. ► Ru/Al 2 O 3 significantly promotes the hydrogen generation rate from alkaline NaBH 4 solution. ► The prepared Ru/Al 2 O 3 catalyst can easily collect from the spent alkaline NaBH 4 solution.

Exigências Líquidas e Dietéticas de Energia, Proteína e Macroelementos Minerais de Bovinos de Corte no Brasil

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Silva Fabiano Ferreira da

2002-01-01

Full Text Available Foram utilizados dados parciais ou totais de vários experimentos sobre exigências nutricionais de bovinos, nos quais foi usada a técnica do abate comparativo, abate de uma amostra representativa dos animais experimentais no início do período de alimentação e determinação da composição do corpo vazio. Os conteúdos de gordura, proteína, energia, Ca, P, Mg, Na e K retidos no corpo dos animais de cada grupamento racial foram estimados por meio de equações de regressão do logaritmo do conteúdo corporal de proteína, gordura, energia, Ca, P, Mg, Na e K, em função do logaritmo do peso de corpo vazio (PCVZ. As exigências líquidas de proteína, energia, Ca, P, Mg, Na e K foram obtidas a partir de equação Y' = b. 10ª. Xb-1, sendo "a" e "b" o intercepto e coeficiente de regressão, respectivamente, das equações de predição dos conteúdos corporais de gordura, proteína, energia, Ca, P, Mg, Na ou K. A energia líquida para mantença (ELm foi obtida pelos valores médios, de todos os trabalhos, para os diferentes grupos raciais. As eficiências de utilização da energia metabolizável (EUEM para mantença (k m e ganho de peso (k f foram estimadas a partir da relação entre os teores de energia líquida, para mantença ou ganho, respectivamente, em função da EM da dieta. Para a análise de todos os dados agrupados, entre animais zebuínos e F1 (E x Z e entre animais mestiços leiteiros e Holandeses, aplicou-se o teste de identidade de modelos. A relação ganho de PCVZ/ganho de peso vivo em jejum (GPVJ dos animais zebuínos, F1, mestiços leiteiros e Holandeses foi 0,96; 1,00; 0,94 e 0,86, respectivamente. As equações obtidas para estimativa da proteína retida (PR, em função do GPVJ e da energia retida (ER foram: PR = - 17,6968 + 192,31 GPVJ - 3,8441 ER, para animais zebuínos e PR = 31,4045 + 107,039 GPVJ + 5,632 ER, para F1. As energias líquidas para ganho (ELg podem ser obtidas pelas equações ELg = 0,0435 x PCVZ0

Oficinas de história de vida: uma construção metodológica no enlace entre psicanálise e saúde coletiva

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Marta Conte

2014-12-01

Full Text Available O objetivo deste artigo é apresentar a História de Vida como metodologia modificada para utilização em grupo. Tal ferramenta foi usada na pesquisa A construção identitária na adolescência em contextos violentos na perspectiva da Clínica em Saúde Mental, financiada pelo Edital 033/2008 do CNPq e desenvolvida em 2009 e 2010. Analisamos as potencialidades da História de Vida, proposta como dispositivo grupal, possibilitador de narrativas coletivas e ficcionais, compartilhadas e testemunhadas pelo grupo. O campo teórico do presente trabalho aproxima a Psicanálise da Saúde Coletiva. Visa, também, à construção de ferramentas clínicas e de alternativas singulares e coletivas de expressão psicossocial possíveis de serem utilizadas para além do campo da pesquisa, na clínica, na assistência social, na interface da saúde-justiça- direitos humanos voltadas aos adolescentes atendidos em serviços públicos.

Use of nuclear magnetic resonance in the characterization of modified clays; Uso da ressonancia magnetica nuclear na caracterizacao de argilas modificadas

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Leite, Sidnei Q.M. [Universidade Federal, Rio de Janeiro, RJ (Brazil). Coordenacao dos Programas de Pos-graduacao de Engenharia; Menezes, Sonia M.C. de [PETROBRAS, Rio de Janeiro, RJ (Brazil). Centro de Pesquisas; Gil, Rosane A.S. San [Universidade Federal, Rio de Janeiro, RJ (Brazil). Inst. de Quimica

1992-12-31

This work uses NMR spectroscopy with rotation in the {sup 29} Si, {sup 27} Al and {sup 23} Na magic angles for characterization of clays with Si/Al ratio in the range 3.0 - 16,5, obtained by chemical treatment of commercial samples, under different conditions of leaching with mineral acid 5 refs., 2 figs., 2 tabs.

FORMAÇÃO HUMANA OU PRODUÇÃO DE RESULTADOS? TRABALHO DOCENTE NA ENCRUZILHADA

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Olinda Evangelista

2015-12-01

Full Text Available A metáfora da “encruzilhada” foi usada por Fernando de Azevedo, nos anos de 1920, para obscurecer os diferentes interesses de classes sob o litígio “tradicionais e renovadores” e definir o sentido burguês da escola pública. A encruzilhada de classe, então elidida por Azevedo, permanece e a essencial relação Capital-Trabalho tem sido dissolvida na designação “rico e pobre”. O debate proposto refere-se à encruzilhada do trabalho docente: produção de resultados ou formação humana. Baseadas em análises de documentos educacionais de Organizações Multilaterais, do Aparelho de Estado e numa literatura nacional e internacional, problematizamos as políticas destinadas aos professores, como as de recrutamento, avaliação, formação e gestão. Objetivamos colaborar para o esforço de compreender o horizonte do trabalho docente: compromisso com a educação da classe trabalhadora, promoção da contrainteriorização do projeto burguês, desalienação, formação da consciência crítica nos cursos de formação docente e nas lutas sociais, construção de um projeto histórico a contrapelo das demandas capitalistas. Concluímos que os professores são combatidos porque podem ensinar crianças, jovens e adultos a pensar historicamente de modo que questionem as relações sociais capitalistas e possam se ver como arquitetos do futuro, tendo como norte outra ordem social.

Active transport of Na/sup +/ by reconstituted Na,K-ATPase

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Boldyrev, A.A.; Svinukhova, I.A.

1987-02-20

The ability of ATP, CTP, ITP, GTP, and UTP to support ouabain-sensitive accumulation of Na/sup +/ by proteoliposomes with a reconstituted Na/K-pump was investigated. At a low (Na/sup +/)/(K/sup +/) ratio in the medium (20 mM/50 mM), a correlation is observed between the proton-accepting capacity of the nucleotide and its effectiveness as a substrate of active transport. To test the hypothesis of the importance of the presence of a negative charge in the 1-position of the purine (3-pyrimidine) base of the nucleotide for mutual transitions between the Na- and K-conformations of Na,K-ATPase they used two analogs of ATP: N/sub 1/-hydroxy-ATP, possessing proton acceptor capacity, and N/sub 1/-methoxy-ATP, in the molecule of which the negative charge is quenched by a methyl group. The first substrate supports active accumulation of Na/sup +/ in proteoliposomes at the same rate as ATP, whereas the second substrate is relatively ineffective.

Estudio del perfil de anticuerpos contra Helicobacter pylori producidos por pacientes con diferentes patologías gastroduodenales

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Olga María Bermúdez

2004-07-01

de la subclase 1 en los pacientes con gastritis atrófica y adenocarcinoma gástrico, indica que la presencia de anticuerpos hacia esta proteína podría ser usada como un marcador de cáncer, mientras que el estudio del reconocimiento de los demás antígenos principales (70 kDa, 90 kDA y VacA puede convertirse en una herramienta de importante valor para la caracterización de cada enfermedad.

Relationship between intracellular Na+ concentration and reduced Na+ affinity in Na+,K+-ATPase mutants causing neurological disease

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Toustrup-Jensen, Mads Schak; Einholm, Anja P.; Schack, Vivien

The neurological disorders familial hemiplegic migraine type 2 (FHM2), alternating hemiplegia of childhood (AHC), and rapid-onset dystonia parkinsonism (RDP) are caused by mutations of Na+,K+-ATPase α2 and α3 isoforms, expressed in glial and neuronal cells, respectively. Although these disorders......, addressing the question to what extent they cause a change of the intracellular Na+ and K+ concentrations ([Na+]i and [K+]i) in COS cells. C-terminal extension mutants generally showed dramatically reduced Na+ affinity without disturbance of K+ binding, as did other RDP mutants. No phosphorylation from ATP...

O espaço da energia nuclear no Brasil

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Joaquim Francisco de Carvalho

2012-01-01

Full Text Available Este artigo repassa a história e descreve a experiência acumulada em energia nuclear no Brasil, mostrando que as aplicações biomédicas, industriais e agrícolas desenvolveram-se bem no país, a partir dos anos 1950. Em seguida, o artigo demonstra que o país pode cobrir seu consumo de energia elétrica apenas com fontes renováveis de energia, sem recorrer a usinas nucleares de potência. Por fim, são analisados os argumentos comuns na imprensa, a favor e contrários às centrais nucleares, e são discutidos alguns aspectos comerciais e políticos do problema. São também examinadas as estratégias de vendas da indústria nuclear no Brasil.This article reviews the history and describes the experience on nuclear energy in Brazil, showing that nuclear technology applied to biomedical sciences, industry and agriculture has been largely developed in this country, from the year 1950 on. Then the paper shows that Brazil can cover its electricity consumption with only renewable energy sources, without nuclear power plants. Finally the arguments usually employed in the press, pro and against nuclear power plants are analyzed and some commercial and political aspects of the problem are commented. The sales strategy of the nuclear industry in Brazil is also commented.

MOŽNOSTI VSTOPA NA TUJE TRGE NA PRIMERU PODJETJA AWOODTURE

OpenAIRE

Orličnik, Urša

2014-01-01

Danes pojavljanje podjetja samo na domačem trgu ni več dovolj. Spremembe okolja, naraščanje konkurence ter hiter tehnološki napredek, silijo podjetja k nenehnemu prilagajanju in iskanju novih priložnosti tako na domačem kot tudi na tujem trgu. Internacionalizacija podjetja tako postaja vedno bolj pomemembna za preživetje podjetja. Internacionalizacija se v najširšem smislu nanaša na vse oblike mednarodnega ekonomskega sodelovanja. Je dinamičen proces, kateremu nujno sledi sprememba stanja...

International conference on isotopic and nuclear analytical techniques for health and environment. Unedited papers

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

2004-01-01

The IAEA has been supporting nuclear and isotopic analytical techniques as part of its mandate to foster the peaceful uses of nuclear energy for many years. Nuclear analytical laboratories have been installed and upgraded through technical co-operation assistance in many laboratories of Member States. These techniques, including INAA, CRF, PIXE, stable isotopes and radioisotopes, α, β, γ spectrometry, Moessbauer spectrometry, etc., have been applied to a wide range of subjects with varying success. Nuclear analytical techniques, featuring some intrinsic quality control aspects, such as multi-nuclide analysis, frequently serve as 'reference methods' to crosscheck critical results. As nuclear properties of elements are targeted, matrix problems seem to be negligible. In light of its continued commitment and support, the IAEA organized the International Conference on Isotopic and Nuclear Analytical Techniques for Health and Environment. Out of 220 from 61 countries who applied for participation, 155 official participants and five observers from 47 countries were in attendance, with 67 from 32 developing countries and 21 from international organizations, including the World Health Organization. Eleven plenary sessions were held. Also conducted was a panel discussion on Human Capacity Development Needs in the Areas of Analytical Quality Control Services (AQCS), Radiochemistry and Nutrition. The scientific sessions were divided into several topics, which reflect some of the important activities of the IAEA's Department of Nuclear Sciences and Applications (NA): - Isotopic and nuclear techniques (general); - Metrology and quality assurance in nuclear measurements; - Nuclear analytical techniques for environmental monitoring; - Radioecology; - Environmental monitoring; - Radiological safety of food and water; - Methodological aspects of stable isotope techniques in health and environment; - Applications of isotopic techniques in health and environment; - New

The role of nuclear energy in brazilian energy matrix: socioeconomic and environmental aspects; O papel da energia nuclear na matriz energetica brasileira: aspectos socioeconomicos e ambientais

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Schirmer, Priscila

2016-09-01

With the large increase of energy demand in the world, either for the continued expansion of industrialization, or by the raise of consumption, are increasing the need for energy sources diversification and the search for cleaner alternatives of energy production. Nuclear power has been considered as an option to curb the emission of greenhouse gases and reduce the dependence of fossil fuels. However, nuclear energy is an issue that still causes a lot of doubt and questions, turning the development of this work very important for a better understanding of the lay public as well as to contribute and encourage future research through an assessment of their environmental and socio-economic aspects, discussing the risks, benefits, and an assessment of the expansion of nuclear energy use, including an overview of nuclear energy in Brazil. Concluding that nuclear energy can contribute to the expansion of the Brazilian energy matrix, as the only heat source able to ensure constant supply of energy without emitting greenhouse gases. Considering that Brazil dominates the technology of the nuclear fuel cycle, and has a large reserves of uranium. A larger share of nuclear energy in the Brazilian energy matrix can generate greater diversification of the same, valuing the environmental and economic sustainability of the country and reducing the system's vulnerability. However, nuclear generation should not be considered as the only solution to the energy problems of the country, but make a part of it by the combination with other renewable sources, increasing the diversity and energy security of the country. (author)

Na/K pump inactivation, subsarcolemmal Na measurements, and cytoplasmic ion turnover kinetics contradict restricted Na spaces in murine cardiac myocytes

OpenAIRE

Lu, Fang-Min; Hilgemann, Donald W.

2017-01-01

The Na/K pump exports cytoplasmic Na ions while importing K ions, and its activity is thought to be affected by restricted intracellular Na diffusion in cardiac myocytes. Lu and Hilgemann find instead that the pump can enter an inactivated state and that inactivation can be relieved by cytoplasmic Na.

Kaon production in intermediate-energy nuclear collisions

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Russkikh, V.N.; Ivanov, Yu.B.

1992-01-01

Production of positive kaons in nuclear collisions at intermediate energies (∝ 1-2 GeV/nucleon) is studied within the 3-dimensional fluid dynamics combined with the hadrochemical kinetics for strangeness production. Sensitivity of the kaon probe to a form of the nuclear equation of state is analyzed. The model reproduces total and differential cross sections of Ne+NaF→K + +X and Ne+Pb→K + +X reactions at E lab =2.1 GeV/nucleon, provided a soft equation of state is used. The pion-production data are also well described employing the same equation of state. Predictions are made for the current experiment on kaon production at the SIS accelerator. The obtained results are compared with the predictions of other models. (orig.)

Cost-effectiveness of positive contrast and nuclear arthrography in patients who underwent total hip arthroplasty

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Swan, J.S.; Braunstein, E.M.; Capello, W.; Wellman, H.

1989-01-01

The authors have compared the cost effectiveness of contrast arthrography (CA) and nuclear arthrography (NA), in which In-111 chloride is injected with the contrast material, of total hip arthroplasties. Their series included 48 cases of surgically proved loose femoral components. The cost per true-positive result was obtained by taking the total cost of the examinations in surgically proved cases and dividing by the number of true-position cases. The cost of CA was $297 and the cost of NA was $335. For CA, the cost per true positive was $1,018, and for the NA the cost per true positive was $946. In spite of higher initial cost, NA is more cost effective than CA on a cost per true-positive case basis. NA is cost effective in evaluating hip arthroplasties in which there is suspicion of a loose femoral component

Raman and X-ray absorption spectroscopic studies of hydrothermally altered alkali-borosilicate nuclear waste glass

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

McKeown, David A., E-mail: davidm@vsl.cua.ed [Vitreous State Laboratory, Catholic University of America, 620 Michigan Ave., N.E., Washington, DC 20064 (United States); Buechele, Andrew C.; Viragh, Carol; Pegg, Ian L. [Vitreous State Laboratory, Catholic University of America, 620 Michigan Ave., N.E., Washington, DC 20064 (United States)

2010-04-01

Raman spectroscopy and X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) are used to characterize structural changes that took place in hydrothermally altered (Na,K)-alumina-borosilicate glasses with different Na/K ratios, formulated as part of a durability study to investigate the behavior of glasses for nuclear waste storage. The hydrothermal experiments, or vapor hydration tests (VHT), were performed on each glass for 3 and 20 days at 200 deg. C to accelerate and approximate long-term alteration processes that may occur in a nuclear waste repository. Results found for both glasses and their VHT altered counterparts show little, if any, structural influence from the different starting Na/K ratios. X-ray diffraction, differential scanning calorimetry, scanning electron microscopy, and Raman spectroscopy indicate that the altered samples are mostly amorphous with small amounts of analcime-like and leucite-like crystals within 200 mum of the sample surface and contain up to 9.7 wt.% water or OH. The Raman data are nearly identical for the amorphous portions of all altered VHT samples investigated, and indicate that two glass structural changes took place during alteration: one, partial depolymerization of the alumina-borosilicate network, and two, introduction of water or OH. Al and Si XAS data indicate tetrahedral AlO{sub 4} and SiO{sub 4} environments in the original glasses as well as in the altered samples. Small energy shifts of the Si K-edge also show that the altered VHT samples have less polymerized networks than the original glass. Na XAS data indicate expanded Na environments in the VHT samples with longer Na-O distances and more nearest-neighbor oxygen atoms, compared with the original glasses, which may be due to hydrous species introduced into the expanding Na-sites.

A compact HV supply for field/PC based nuclear instrumentation

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Manna, A.; Nikhare, D.M.; Madhavi, V.; Bayala, A.K.; Mukhopadhyay, P.K.; Kataria, S.K.

2001-01-01

In the recent years, most of the nuclear instruments that were earlier based on NIM Bin standards, are becoming available as PC Add-on cards. This trend is due to the decreasing prices of desktop personal computers and the necessity for automation in radioactivity measurements. This paper describes the design and development of a HV supply module and its PC Add-on card version for field portable/ PC based nuclear instrumentation. The HV supply though being very compact in size meets all the stringent specifications required for detector biasing applications and it has been tested for use with NaI, BF 3 . (author)

Reinterpretando a cooperação nuclear entre Brasil e Argentina : as diversas nuances e perspectivas deste relacionamento no contexto mundial

OpenAIRE

Ricardo Medeiros de Castro

2006-01-01

A presente pesquisa analisa a validade de interpretações liberais relacionadas ao fenômeno cooperativo bilateral entre Brasil e Argentina no âmbito nuclear. A partir de uma contextualização abrangente, demonstra-se a forma como se arquitetou, na década de 80, a multilateralização das políticas externas nucleares dos referidos países, bem como apontam-se os ajustes destas políticas ocorridas na década de 90. Também, discute-se, neste trabalho, como aconteceu a adesão do Brasil e da Argentina e...

Studies in Low-Energy Nuclear Science

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Brune, Carl R.; Grimes, Steven M.

2006-01-01

This report presents a summary of research projects in the area of low energy nuclear reactions and structure, carried out between 1 January 2003 and 31 December 2005 and supported by U.S. DOE grant number DE-FG03-03NA00074. Cross sections measured with high resolution have been subjected to an Ericson theory analysis to infer information about the nuclear level density. Other measurements were made of the spectral shape of particles produced in evaporation processes; these also yield level density information. A major project was the development of a new Hauser-Feshbach code for analyzing such spectra. Other measurements produced information on the spectra of gamma rays emitted in reactions on heavy nuclei and gave a means of refining our understanding of gamma-ray strength functions. Finally,reactions on light nuclei were studied and subjected to an R-matrix analysis. Cross sections fora network of nuclear reactions proceedingthrough a given compound nucleus shouldgreatly constrain the family of allowed parameters. Modifications to the formalism andcomputer code are also discussed.

First Medicolegal Forensic Entomology Case of Central Amazon: A Suicide by Hanging with Incomplete Suspension

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Eduardo Souza

2014-04-01

Resumo. Este relato descreve o primeiro caso de entomologia forense médico-legal na Amazônia Central. Um suicídio por enforcamento ocorrido em um platô de “terra firme” em floresta primária. A estimativa de intervalo pós-morte foi calculada com base na biologia da mosca varejeira Hemilucilia segmentaria (Fabricius e também pelo padrão de sucessão ecológica do besouro silfídeo Oxelytrum cayennense (Sturm. Este é o primeiro caso onde as informações ecológicas de um besouro foram usadas como indicador forense no Brasil. Estudos preliminares realizados em área urbana na cidade de Manaus e em hábitat semelhante em floresta primária, na Reserva Florestal Adolpho Ducke, próximo do local onde o caso ocorreu, foram fundamentais para ajudar para a estimativa do intervalo pós-morte.

Characterization of an AtCCX5 gene from Arabidopsis thaliana that involves in high-affinity K+ uptake and Na+ transport in yeast

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Zhang, Xinxin; Zhang, Min; Takano, Tetsuo; Liu, Shenkui

2011-01-01

Highlights: → The AtCCX5 protein coding a putative cation calcium exchanger was characterized. → AtCCX5 expressed in yeast was localized in the plasma membrane and nuclear periphery. → AtCCX5 protein did not show the same transport properties as the CAXs. → AtCCX5 protein involves in mediating high-affinity K + uptake in yeast. → AtCCX5 protein also involves in Na + transport in yeast. -- Abstract: The gene for a putative cation calcium exchanger (CCX) from Arabidopsis thaliana, AtCCX5, was cloned and its function was analyzed in yeast. Green fluorescent protein-tagged AtCCX5 expressed in yeast was localized in the plasma membrane and nuclear periphery. The yeast transformants expressing AtCCX5 were created and their growth in the presence of various cations (K + , Na + , Ca 2+ , Mg 2+ , Fe 2+ , Cu 2+ , Co 2+ , Cd 2+ , Mn 2+ , Ba 2+ , Ni 2+ , Zn 2+ , and Li + ) were analyzed. AtCCX5 expression was found to affect the response to K + and Na + in yeast. The AtCCX5 transformant also showed a little better growth to Zn 2+ . The yeast mutant 9.3 expressing AtCCX5 restored growth of the mutant on medium with low K + (0.5 mM), and also suppressed its Na + sensitivity. Ion uptake experiments showed that AtCCX5 mediated relatively high-affinity K + uptake and was also involved in Na + transport in yeast. Taken together, these findings suggest that the AtCCX5 is a novel transport protein involves in mediating high-affinity K + uptake and Na + transport in yeast.

Solubility and hydrolysis of Np(V) in dilute to concentrated alkaline NaCl solutions. Formation of Na-Np(V)-OH solid phases at 22 C

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Petrov, Vladimir G. [Lomonosov Moscow State Univ. (Russian Federation). Dept. of Chemistry; Fellhauer, David; Gaona, Xavier; Dardenne, Kathy; Rothe, Joerg; Altmaier, Marcus [Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (Germany). Inst. for Nuclear Waste Disposal; Kalmykov, Stepan N. [Lomonosov Moscow State Univ. (Russian Federation). Dept. of Chemistry; NRC Kurchatov Institute, Moscow (Russian Federation)

2017-03-01

. Furthermore, the XRD pattern collected for one of the pink solid phases match the data recently reported for NaNpO{sub 2}(OH){sub 2}(cr). UV-vis/NIR spectra collected in 0.1-5.0 M NaCl solutions show the predominance of NpO{sub 2}{sup +} (≥80%) at pH{sub m} ≤ 10.3. This observation is consistent with the Np(V) hydrolysis scheme currently selected in the NEA-TDB. This work provides sound evidences on the formation of ternary Na-Np(V)-OH solid phases in Na-rich hyperalkaline solutions and ambient temperature conditions. Given the unexpectedly high complexity of the system, further experimental efforts dedicated to assess the thermodynamic properties of these solid phases are needed, especially in view of their likely relevance as solubility controlling Np(V) solid phases in Na-rich systems such as saline and cement-based environments in the context of the safety assessment for nuclear waste disposal.

Investigation on the chirality of positrons from 22Na decay and their asymmetrical interactions with D-, L- and DL-alanines

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Conte, E.; Pieralice, M.

1987-01-01

An investigation on the chirality of the positrons from 22 Na and on their asymmetrical interactions with D-, L-, and DL-alanines was carried out. By using nuclear gamma-spectroscopy, the asymmetrical interaction was proved to be induced with a distinguishably asymmetrical effect

Vpliv toplotnih mostov na porabo energije za ogrevanje na primeru osnovne šole

OpenAIRE

Megušar, Primož

2015-01-01

Na primeru Osnovne šole Dobrova sem preveril, kakšen vpliv imajo dejanski toplotni mostovi na porabo energije za ogrevanje. Iz načrtov stavbe sem evidentiral vse toplotne mostove, kateri vplivajo na porabo energije. Tem toplotnim mostovom sem nato v standardu SIST EN ISO 14683 poiskal ustrezne približke. Nato sem s programom TOST izvedel tri simulacije. V prvem primeru toplotnih mostov nisem upošteval. V drugem primeru sem toplotne mostove upošteval na poenostavljen način, v zadnjem primeru p...

Na and K dependence of the Na/K pump in cystic fibrosis fibroblasts.

OpenAIRE

Reznik, V M; Schneider, J A; Mendoza, S A

1981-01-01

The Na and K dependence of the Na/K pump was measured in skin fibroblasts from patients with cystic fibrosis and age/sex-matched controls. Under basal conditions, there was no difference between control and cystic fibrosis cells in protein per cell, intracellular Na and K content, or Na/K pump activity (measured as ouabain-sensitive 86Rb uptake). There was no difference in the Na dependence of the Na/K pump between cystic fibrosis cells and control cells. In cells from patients with cystic fi...

Vliv mikroflóry na senzorické vlastnosti vína

OpenAIRE

Petrášová, Ludmila

2014-01-01

Tato bakalářská práce se zabývá vlivem mikroflóry na senzorické vlastnosti vína. Teoretická část informuje o botanickém popisu hroznů vína Veltlínské zelené, dále o jeho složení, o technologii zpracování bílého vína a o vlivu kvasinek na aromatický profil vína. V další části popisuje metodu stanovení aromaticky aktivních látek pomocí plynové chromatografie v kombinaci s mikroextrakcí tuhou fází (SPME-GC). Cílem experimentální části bylo proměřit vzorky 4 různých moštů odrůdy Veltlínské zelené...

Acesso Motor ao Recurso de Comunicação Alternativa: Opinião de Profissionais em Relação ao Layout de Figuras1

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Andréia Naomi SANKAKO

Full Text Available RESUMO: o uso de um tamanho e de uma disposição adequada de uma figura de comunicação alternativa tem sido dúvida frequente entre os professores e profissionais especializados que lidam com crianças com paralisia cerebral. Este estudo, portanto, teve como intuito verificar a opinião de profissionais que trabalham com comunicação alternativa em relação à adequação do tamanho e disposição de figuras de comunicação para crianças com paralisia cerebral. Para tanto, participaram seis profissionais com experiência em comunicação alternativa. Foi realizada uma entrevista semiestruturada. Os dados foram analisados por meio da análise de conteúdo. Foram identificadas três categorias e 11 subcategorias. A pesquisa permitiu identificar que não existe um tamanho padrão de figuras utilizadas na comunicação alternativa; a seleção do tamanho ideal das figuras e da melhor disposição é realizada por tentativa e erro e os participantes não conhecem um instrumento ou protocolo para esse fim; durante seleção do tamanho ideal de figura, são utilizados três tamanhos: pequeno, médio e grande; a melhor posição e a mais comumente utilizada é a central, na mesma ou um pouco acima da linha dos olhos; a pior posição e a menos usada é abaixo da linha dos olhos; a disposição das figuras na horizontal é a mais comumente usada.

Feasibility Study for the Measurement of Nuclear Fragmentation Cross Sections with NA61/SHINE at the CERN SPS

CERN Document Server

Aduszkiewicz, A

2017-01-01

A detailed knowledge of the fragmentation cross sections of intermediate mass nuclei is of paramount importance to understand the propagation of cosmic rays in our Galaxy and to evaluate the background for dark matter searches with space-based cosmic-ray experiments such as AMS. Therefore, we suggest a one-week test run in 2018 with secondary ions to establish the capabilities of NA61/SHINE to measure fragmentation cross sections at isotope level. No major modifications to the experimental setup of NA61/SHINE are needed to perform this feasibility study. The experience gained during the test run will be used to formulate a comprehensive measurement campaign for cosmic-ray related fragmentation cross sections for the possible extension of the NA61/SHINE physics program beyond 2020. The test data on carbon-proton and oxygen-proton interactions at 13A GeV/c that we intend to collect during the proposed test run have already the potential to reduce the current cross section uncertainties.

Combined 18F-NaF and 18F-FDG PET/CT in the Evaluation of Sarcoma Patients.

Science.gov (United States)

Jackson, Tatianie; Mosci, Camila; von Eyben, Rie; Mittra, Erik; Ganjoo, Kristen; Biswal, Sandip; Gambhir, Sanjiv Sam; Iagaru, Andrei

2015-09-01

The combined administration of F-NaF and F-FDG in a single PET/CT scan has the potential to improve patient convenience and cancer detection. Here we report the use of this approach for patients with sarcomas. This is a retrospective review of 21 patients (12 men, 9 women; age, 19-66 years) with biopsy-proven sarcomas who had separate F-NaF PET/CT, F-FDG PET/CT, and combined F-NaF/F-FDG PET/CT scans for evaluation of malignancy. Two board-certified nuclear medicine physicians and 1 board-certified musculoskeletal radiologist were randomly assigned to review the scans. Results were analyzed for sensitivity and specificity, using linear regression and receiver operating characteristics. A total of 13 patients had metastatic disease on F-NaF PET/CT, F-FDG PET/CT, and combined F-NaF/F-FDG PET/CT. Skeletal disease was more extensive on the F-NaF PET/CT scan than on the F-FDG PET/CT in 3 patients, whereas in 1 patient, F-FDG PET/CT showed skeletal disease and the F-NaF PET/CT was negative. Extraskeletal lesions were detected on both F-FDG and combined F-NaF/F-FDG PET/CT in 20 patients, with 1 discordant finding in the lung. The combined F-NaF/F-FDG PET/CT scan allows for accurate evaluation of sarcoma patients. Further evaluation of this proposed imaging modality is warranted to identify the most suitable clinical scenarios, including initial treatment strategy and evaluation of response to therapy.

Ginkgo biloba extract alters the binding of the sodium [123I] iodide (Na123I) on blood constituents

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Aleixo, Luiz Cláudio Martins; Moreno, Silvana Ramos Farias; Freitas, Rosimeire de Souza; Thomaz, Hélio; Santos-Filho, Sebastião David

2012-01-01

We evaluated the in vitro effect of an aqueous extract of Ginkgo biloba (EGb) on the distribution in blood cells (BC) and plasma (P) and on the binding of Na 123 I to the blood constituents using precipitation with trichloroacetic acid. The radioactivity percentages insoluble (SF) and insoluble fraction (IF) of blood constituents were determined. The EGb interfered (p 123 I in the P (from 69.64 to 86.13) and BC (from 30.36 to 13.87) and altered the fixation of the Na 123 I in IF-P and in IF-BC. - Highlights: ► Interaction between the Ginkgo biloba and blood constituents radiolabeled. ► Modification of the binding of sodium iodide (Na 123 I) to the blood constituents. ► This alteration should have influence in a diagnosis of nuclear medicine.

Utility of Social Modeling in Assessment of a State's Propensity for Nuclear Proliferation

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Coles, Garill A.; Brothers, Alan J.; Whitney, Paul D.; Dalton, Angela C.; Olson, Jarrod; White, Amanda M.; Cooley, Scott K.; Youchak, Paul M.; Stafford, Samuel V.

2011-01-01

This report is the third and final report out of a set of three reports documenting research for the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) National Security Administration (NASA) Office of Nonproliferation Research and Development NA-22 Simulations, Algorithms, and Modeling program that investigates how social modeling can be used to improve proliferation assessment for informing nuclear security, policy, safeguards, design of nuclear systems and research decisions. Social modeling has not to have been used to any significant extent in a proliferation studies. This report focuses on the utility of social modeling as applied to the assessment of a State's propensity to develop a nuclear weapons program.

Energia nuclear na mídia: Jornalismo científico em portais de notícias nacionais

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Ricardo Henrique Almeida Dias

2017-07-01

Full Text Available This study seeks to examine how the nuclear energy is conveyed by the news media. We used the newsworthiness criteria in journalistic discourse to analyse some science journalism texts on nuclear energy in Brazilian news websites. We selected some news and classified using news values such as conflict, proximity, novelty and relevance. We concluded that nuclear energy is conveyed by the media in a way that the advantages and disadvantages were discussed, and news values were useful to point how all these arguments worked.

FORMA DE DESCARTE DE PILHAS E BATERIAS DE CELULARES USADAS POR MORADORES DO MUNICÍPIO DE CAMPOS DOS GOYTACAZES E CONSCIÊNCIA AMBIENTAL QUANTO O DESCARTE ADEQUADO

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

FORMA DE DESCARTE DE PILHAS E BATERIAS DE CELULARES USADAS POR MORADORES DO MUNICÍPIO DE CAMPOS DOS GOYTACAZES E CONSCIÊNCIA AMBIENTAL QUANTO O DESCARTE ADEQUADO

2015-12-01

Full Text Available O descarte de pilhas e baterias é um problema que não envolve somente órgãos responsáveis, mas também a população como um todo. A cooperação da comunidade pode contribuir para a diminuição dos impactos causados por resíduos perigosos no meio ambiente. O objetivo do presente trabalho é analisar as formas de descarte de pilhas e baterias usadas pelos moradores dos bairros Calabouço, Jardim Carioca e Parque Guarus do município de Campos dos Goytacazes – RJ. Foi elaborado um questionário de seis perguntas fechadas, sendo duas perguntas sobre informações pessoais dos participantes e quatro perguntas sobre o descarte de pilhas e baterias. O mesmo foi aplicado a um total de 308 moradores (numero de pessoas alcançadas num período de seis meses dos bairros selecionados, sendo 98 do calabouço, 107 do Jardim Carioca e 103 do Parque Guarus. O resultado dos questionários foi tabulado, devidamente analisado e discutido com base no objetivo proposto pelo presente trabalho. Analisando os dados de modo geral é possível dizer que, embora a população não apresente conhecimento sobre os problemas ocasionados pelo descarte indevido, é necessário que haja por parte dos órgãos governamentais a implementação de políticas públicas que viabilizem o descarte correto e responsável uma vez que segundo a lei 12.305/2010 (que trata da Política Nacional de Resíduos Sólidos a responsabilidade pelo gerenciamento de resíduos sólidos, incluindo os perigosos é dos geradores, do poder público e dos instrumentos econômicos aplicáveis (Sistema de Gestão Integrada. Os fabricantes de pilhas e baterias ainda de acordo com a lei 12.305/2010 devem estruturar e implementar sistemas de logística reversa, ou seja, o retorno dos produtos após o uso pelo consumidor. Esse sistema quando colocado em prática traz benefícios como: o retorno de alguns materiais para o processo produtivo e redução do volume de resíduos despejados em aterros, no

NCT program at Nuclear Medicine, Inc

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Noonan, D.J.

1986-01-01

The Neutron Capture Therapy program at Nuclear Medicine, Inc. (NMI) is focused on obtaining Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approval of the treatment for malignant brain tumors. To minimize both the time and expense of the approval process, research efforts have been strictly focused and Orphan Drug sponsorship of the boron compound, Na 2 B 12 H 11 SH, has been obtained. The significance of Orphan Drug sponsorship and NMI's initial meeting with the FDA to discuss preclinical and clinical protocols are discussed. 9 references, 2 figures

Simulation of the peak efficiency for a stacked NaI(Tl) spectrometer

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Yoshida, H; Murohka, H; Anami, K; Nohtomi, A; Uozumi, Y; Sakae, T; Matoba, M [Kyushu Univ., Fukuoka (Japan). Faculty of Engineering; Koori, N; Maki, T

1996-07-01

A stacked NaI(Tl) spectrometer has been developed to measure proton spectra in wide energy range. In the measurement of charged particles with intermediate energy, the detecting efficiency of the spectrometer decreases considerably due to nuclear reactions or out-scattering in the detector material. A Monte Carlo simulation code has been developed to estimate the peak efficiency (peak-to-total ratio) of the spectrometer. The calculated efficiency for intermediate energy is in good agreement with the experimental one. (author)

18F-NaF PET/CT: EANM procedure guidelines for bone imaging

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Beheshti, M.; Langsteger, W.; Mottaghy, F.M.; Payche, F.; Behrendt, F.F.F.; Wyngaert, T.V. den; Fogelman, I.; Strobel, K.; Celli, M.; Fanti, S.; Giammarile, F.; Krause, B.

2015-01-01

The aim of this guideline is to provide minimum standards for the performance and interpretation of 18 F-NaF PET/CT scans. Standard acquisition and interpretation of nuclear imaging modalities will help to provide consistent data acquisition and numeric values between different platforms and institutes and to promote the use of PET/CT modality as an established diagnostic modality in routine clinical practice. This will also improve the value of scientific work and its contribution to evidence-based medicine. (orig.)

Investigating the influence of Na+ and Sr2+ on the structure and solubility of SiO2-TiO2-CaO-Na2O/SrO bioactive glass.

Science.gov (United States)

Li, Y; Placek, L M; Coughlan, A; Laffir, F R; Pradhan, D; Mellott, N P; Wren, A W

2015-02-01

This study was conducted to determine the influence that network modifiers, sodium (Na+) and strontium (Sr2+), have on the solubility of a SiO2-TiO2-CaO-Na2O/SrO bioactive glass. Glass characterization determined each composition had a similar structure, i.e. bridging to non-bridging oxygen ratio determined by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. Magic angle spinning nuclear magnetic resonance (MAS-NMR) confirmed structural similarities as each glass presented spectral shifts between -84 and -85 ppm. Differential thermal analysis and hardness testing revealed higher glass transition temperatures (Tg 591-760 °C) and hardness values (2.4-6.1 GPa) for the Sr2+ containing glasses. Additionally the Sr2+ (~250 mg/L) containing glasses displayed much lower ion release rates than the Na+ (~1,200 mg/L) containing glass analogues. With the reduction in ion release there was an associated reduction in solution pH. Cytotoxicity and cell adhesion studies were conducted using MC3T3 Osteoblasts. Each glass did not significantly reduce cell numbers and osteoblasts were found to adhere to each glass surface.

A produção de contra-argumentos na escrita infantil Counterargument in children’s writing

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Selma Leitão

2000-01-01

Full Text Available Pesquisas sobre a produção de textos argumentativos mostram que antecipar contra-argumentos e reagir a estes é uma das principais dificuldades na escrita deste tipo de texto. Este estudo investigou a habilidade de 157 crianças (segunda, quarta e sétima séries gerarem contra-argumentos nos textos que produziam. Observou-se que, embora contra-argumentos apareçam ocasionalmente nos escritos da segunda série, só a partir da quarta essa presença se torna sistemática. Progressos relacionados à idade e escolaridade foram também registrados quanto ao número de contra-argumentos examinados num mesmo texto. A estrutura global dos textos produzidos (narrativo vs. opinativo e o tema discutido não parecem ter afetado a produção de contra-argumentos pelas crianças, embora efeitos destes fatores tenham sido notados sobre o número de idéias usadas pelas mesmas para justificarem suas própria posições. Na discussão destes resultados examina-se o papel de fatores pragmáticos no desenvolvimento de contra-argumentos em textos escritos.Studies on argumentative text writing have shown that anticipating counterargument and reacting to them is one of the hardest demands of argumentative writing. The present study focused on second, fourth, and seventh graders’ ability to generate counterarguments in their writings. The results showed that, although counterarguments appear in some of the second graders’ writings, it is only after the fourth grade that their presence is systematically observed in children’s writing. Age- and schooling-related effects were also noted on the number of counterarguments examined per text. The global structure of the texts produced (a narrative vs. an opinion text did not affect the production of counterargument by children, although a main effect of such factors was noted on the number of ideas children used to justify their own views. The role of pragmatic factors in the development of counterargument in

Site-specific induction of nuclear anomalies (apoptotic bodies and micronuclei) by carcinogens in mice

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Ronen, A.; Heddle, J.A.

1984-01-01

The usefulness of nuclear anomalies (NA) as a short-term test for indication of carcinogens in the mouse colon has been suggested previously by experiments in which colon-specific carcinogens induced NA in the colon, whereas non-colon carcinogens were, in general, impotent in that organ. We have extended this work to other sites in the digestive tract of female C57BL/6 mice treated with gamma-rays, 1,2-dimethylhydrazine dihydrochloride, or N-methylnitrosourea. Each agent induced NA at all of the sites examined. The frequency of NA at different times after treatment depended upon both the agent used and the site examined. 1,2-Dimethylhydrazine dihydrochloride (which is known to induce tumors predominantly in the colon) induces NA with the highest efficiency (relative to gamma-rays) in the descending colon. N-Methylnitrosourea (which induces tumors mainly in the forestomach) induces NA with the highest efficiency in the forestomach. These results further support the usefulness of the assay in that the frequency of NA produced at the various sites by 1,2-dimethylhydrazine dihydrochloride and N-methylnitrosourea correlates with that found in the carcinogenicity studies

Estudo da estabilidade química da magnetita utilizada como adsorvedor na remoção de compostos orgânicos de soluções

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Ortiz N.

2003-01-01

Full Text Available Um resíduo siderúrgico composto predominantemente por magnetita (Fe3O4 finamente dividida foi empregado como material adsorvedor não convencional na adsorção e fixação de compostos corantes orgânicos tóxicos. Estudos preliminares indicaram que a magnetita quando utilizada em meio ácido (pH<3 sob agitação contínua pode apresentar diversos graus de desagregação e de solubilização. Este efeito é indesejável em sistemas adsortivos porque representa redução na porcentagem de remoção de composto tóxico orgânico e possível aumento de contaminação por produtos de dissolução e de desagregação da magnetita. Soluções de metasilicato de sódio, sulfato de ferro e hidróxido de sódio foram empregadas nos processos de estabilização de quatro frações granulométricas da magnetita usadas como adsorvedor não convencional em meio ácido. Os resultados obtidos permitiram concluir que o tratamento com metasilicato de sódio das frações de magnetita resulta em redução de 1% nos valores de remoção de composto tóxico corante da solução (de 98% para a fração sem tratamento para 97% para a fração com tratamento com metasilicato e redução nos valores de constante de velocidade de adsorção (k ab de 30.10-3 mg.g-1.min-1 para 10.10-3 mg.g-1.min-1. Embora tenha sido observada redução na capacidade adsortiva das frações tratadas e na velocidade de adsorção, este efeito foi considerado aceitável comparando-se o aumento da estabilidade química e redução nos valores de perda de massa em 46%. Analisando-se as isotermas obtidas para as frações #30 com e sem tratamento, pode-se confirmar que o tratamento com metasilicato promoveu um processo de adsorção mais favorável, com menor interferência dos processos de dissolução, de desagregação e maior correspondência com o modelo de Freundlich.

Chemical and mineralogical aspects of water-bentonite interaction in nuclear fuel disposal conditions

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Melamed, A.; Pitkaenen, P.

1996-01-01

In the field of nuclear fuel disposal, bentonite has been selected as the principal sealing and buffer material for placement around waste canisters, forming both a mechanical and chemical barrier between the radioactive waste and the surrounding ground water. Ion exchange and mineral alteration processes were investigated in a laboratory study of the long-term interaction between compacted Na-bentonite (Volclay MX-80) and ground water solutions, conducted under simulated nuclear fuel disposal conditions. The possible alteration of montmorillonite into illite has been a major object of the mineralogical study. However, no analytical evidence was found, that would indicate the formation of this non-expandable clay type. Apparently, the change of montmorillonite from Na- to Ca-rich was found to be the major alteration process in bentonite. In the water, a concentration decrease in Ca, Mg, and K, and an increase in Na, HCO 3 and SO 4 were recorded. The amount of calcium ions available in the water was considered insufficient to account for the recorded formation of Ca-montmorillonite. It is therefore assumed that the accessory Ca-bearing minerals in bentonite provide the fundamental source of these cations, which exchange with sodium during the alteration process. (38 refs.)

Experimental study of the 22Ne(p,γ)23Na reaction and its implications for novae scenarios

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Menzel, Marie-Luise

2013-01-01

The 22 Ne(p,γ) 23 Na reaction belongs to the catalytic neon-sodium cycle and has an important role in the explosive hydrogen burning. The neon-sodium cycle takes place at temperatures of T = 0.1 - 0.5 GK and is assumed to occur in different astrophysical systems: e.g. in novae, in super novae of type Ia and during the shell-burning of red giant branch stars. The implications of 22 Ne(p,γ) 23 Na and the neon-sodium cycle in a nova scenario have been studied by using the nuclear network code libnucnet at GSI in Darmstadt. A nova is an outburst of matter in a binary system consisting of a white dwarf and a red giant star. It is therefore a representative phenomenon for explosive hydrogen burning. For the calculation of the nucleosynthesis during the nova outburst, the code libnucnet requires the initial mass composition of the novae partners, the temperature and density profiles of the nova explosion and the thermonuclear reaction rates of the participating reactions. In the following, the code determined the flow and the final atomic abundance in the neon-sodium cycle during the entire nova process. Additionally, the influence of the temperature profile of the novae outburst as well as the thermonuclear reaction rate of the 22 Ne(p,γ) 23 Na reaction on the final atomic abundance in the outburst has been studied. A characteristic measure for the reactions in astrophysical environments is the thermonuclear reaction rate. The reaction rate of 22 Ne(p,γ) 23 Na has still strong uncertainties in the temperature range of T = 0.03 - 0.3 GK. These uncertainties are based on insufficient upper limits of the resonance strengths as well as the possible existence of tentative states that are populated in the energy range of E lab p = 30 - 300 keV. The research presented in this thesis is dedicated to the experimental study of the 22 Ne(p,γ) 23 Na reaction for an improved determination of the thermonuclear reaction rate. Furthermore, the implications of 22 Ne(p,γ) 23 Na and

Terapia com agentes biológicos na criança e no adolescente Treatment with biologic agents in child and adolescent

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Ricardo Maisse Suehiro

2010-06-01

Full Text Available OBJETIVO: Revisar os mecanismos fisiopatológicos e novos alvos terapêuticos, os agentes biológicos disponíveis, principais indicações e a evidência científica atual para o uso de terapias biológicas na população pediátrica. FONTES DE DADOS: Pesquisa na base de dados Medline e SciELO, nas línguas inglesa e portuguesa, entre 2000 e 2009. As palavras-chave usadas foram "agentes biológicos", "crianças" e "adolescentes". SÍNTESE DOS DADOS: Os agentes biológicos são uma importante opção terapêutica para tratar as doenças autoimunes refratárias às terapias convencionais na infância e na adolescência. Com exceção da artrite idiopática juvenil, a maioria dos estudos em outras doenças autoimunes não é controlada. CONCLUSÕES: Os agentes biológicos têm demonstrado eficácia no tratamento de doenças autoimunes pediátricas como artrite idiopática juvenil, miopatias idiopáticas inflamatórias, lúpus eritematoso juvenil, vasculites, uveítes crônicas, doenças inflamatórias intestinais e púrpura trombocitopênica imune crônica, assim como no linfoma não-Hodgkin. Considerando-se o custo elevado e os potenciais eventos adversos, o uso desses agentes deve ser individualizado e acompanhado por especialista.OBJECTIVE: To review the physiopathology and new therapeutical targets, the available biologic agents, the main indications and the current scientific evidence for the use of biological therapies in the pediatric population. DATA SOURCES: A bibliographical search was obtained from Medline and SciELO databases in English and Portuguese from 2000 to 2009. The key-words included were "biologic agent", "children" and "adolescent". DATA SYNTHESIS: Biologic agents are important therapeutic options to treat refractory autoimmune diseases to conventional therapies in childhood and adolescence. Excluding juvenile idiopathic arthritis, the majority of studies in other autoimmune diseases are uncontrolled trials. CONCLUSIONS

Caracterização farmacognóstica da espécie Erythrina falcata Benth., Fabaceae

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Emanuel Eustáquio Almeida

Full Text Available Erythrina falcata Benth., Fabaceae, conhecida popularmente no Brasil pelos nomes de mulungu, sapatinho-de-judeu, corticeira-da-serra, muchoco, é usada pela população como planta medicinal indicada como sedativo, ansiolítico ou para doenças do aparelho respiratório. Seu uso indiscriminado, no entanto, pode trazer consequências graves à saúde, devido à forte presença de alcaloides, particularmente nas sementes e na casca. O presente trabalho tem como objetivo estudos fitoquímicos para identificação dos principais grupos de substâncias existentes na espécie, além de estudos morfológicos e histológicos para diferenciação entre outras espécies do gênero.

Study of the Na-C-O and Na-H-O ternary systems in the sodium rich corner

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Maupre, J.-P.

1978-02-01

The purpose of this study is to provide a contribution to the understanding of the sodium - carbon - oxygen and sodium - hydrogen - oxygen ternary systems in the sodium rich corner. In order to do this the Na-NaH-Na 2 O-NaOH phase diagram was completed and the Na-Na 2 O-Na 2 CO 3 -C phase diagram was outlined. This work is made up of two parts. The first is devoted to a critical literature survey essential to establish correct phase diagrams. The second is an experimental study followed by a discussion collating our finding to the literary data. The basic experimental technique used is differential thermal analysis (DTA) but it has been completed by quenching, X-ray and chemical analysis methods. The proposed phase diagrams imply that Na-NaH-Na 2 O-NaOH and Na-Na 2 O-Na 2 CO 3 -C systems are reciprocal ternary systems. Temperatures of stable pairs reversal are respectively 410 and 690 0 C. The stable pairs are Na-NaOH and Na-Na 2 CO 3 at elevated temperature, Na 2 O-NaH and Na 2 O-C at low temperature [fr

ADIÇÃO DE APARAS DE PAPEL RECICLÁVEL NA FABRICAÇÃO DE CHAPAS DE MADEIRA AGLOMERADA

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Everton Hillig

2004-05-01

Full Text Available Neste trabalho, foram analisadas as propriedades físico-mecânicas de chapas aglomeradas produzidas com dois tipos de papel reciclável (papel jornal e offset e partículas de madeira de Pinus elliottii Engelm. As aparas de papel foram usadas no colchão em dois diferentes formatos (tiras ou moídas e em diferentes proporções: 0, 20, 40, 60 e 100% do peso seco das partículas. Utilizoaram-se 10% de adesivo à base de tanino-formaldeído na proporção 100:10. O experimento foi estabelecido segundo modelo fatorial, com três repetições. Os testes físico-mecânicos das chapas foram realizados segundo a norma ASTM D1037 (1995. Chapas aglomeradas produzidas tanto pela inclusão de papel jornal quanto offset no formato de tiras apresentaram tendência ao estouro durante a abertura dos pratos da prensa, causado pelo alto teor de umidade do colchão. A inclusão de aparas de papel prejudicaram a maioria das propriedades analisadas, fazendo com que não atendessem aos valores estabelecidos pelas normas DIN 68761 (1-1961, (3-1971 e ANSI A 208.1 (1987. A absorção d’água após 24 horas de imersão, a ligação interna e a resistência ao arrancamento de parafusos foram as propriedades mais prejudicadas. De modo geral, o uso de papel jornal se mostrou mais promissor do que o papel offset.

Estudo da Ilha de Calor na Região Metropolitana do Rio de Janeiro Usando Dados do MODIS

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Caio Atila Pereira Sena

2014-07-01

Full Text Available A Região Metropolitana do Rio de Janeiro (RMRJ apresenta uma série de problemas ambientais, dentre eles, a ocorrência de Ilhas de Calor Urbanas (ICU e este trabalho tem como objetivo examinar as características da ICU na RMRJ. Para tal, foram usadas composições de 8 dias de dados de Temperatura Superficial Continental (TSC geradas pelo sensor MODIS (Moderate-resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer a bordo dos satélites Aqua e Terra no período de janeiro de 2003 a dezembro de 2010. A análise foi feita agrupando-se os dados para as diferentes estações do ano e posteriormente calculando-se a média de TSC para cada estação com o intuito de verificar a variação sazonal da ICU. Observou-se que, algumas zonas apresentaram temperaturas próximas dos 50°C durante a primavera e o verão. Ao longo do outono e do inverno as médias atingiram 40°C sobre a maior parte da região de estudo. Foram registradas amplitudes térmicas de até 25°C entre áreas com diferentes níveis de urbanização, durante a primavera. No verão a amplitude foi de 20°C entre as mesmas áreas. No outono a diferença foi de 15°C e no inverno, de 10°C.

Response of saliva Na/K ratio to changing Na supply of lactating cows under tropical conditions.

Science.gov (United States)

Thiangtum, Wandee; Schonewille, J Thomas; Verstegen, Martin Wa; Arsawakulsudhi, Supot; Rukkwamsuk, Theera; Hendriks, Wouter H

2017-06-01

Factorial determination of the sodium (Na) requirement of heat-stressed lactating cows is hindered by accurate estimates of the Na losses through sweat. Direct studies, therefore, may be needed requiring information on the time course of healthy animals to become Na depleted and the subsequent rate of repletion. The rate of Na depletion and subsequent rate of Na repletion with two levels of dietary Na to lactating dairy cows housed under tropical conditions were investigated using the salivary Na/K. The 12 lactating cows (salivary Na/K ratio 14.6) rapidly developed clinical signs of Na deficiency, including pica, polyuria and polydipsia, reduced body weight and reduced milk yield when fed a low-Na ration (0.33 g kg -1 dry matter (DM)) for 3 weeks. Deficiency symptoms were associated with a rapid decrease in salivary Na/K ratio to cows with NaCl to a ration concentration of 1.1 or 1.6 g Na kg -1 DM for 5 weeks did not restore salivary Na/K ratio to values of >6. A daily Na intake of heat-stressed lactating cows to a ration intake of 1.6 g Na kg -1 DM was insufficient to restore Na deficiency. One week was sufficient to deplete heat-stressed lactating cows of Na, allowing for rapid dose-response studies utilizing the salivary Na/K ratio as a parameter for Na status of cows under tropical conditions. © 2016 Society of Chemical Industry. © 2016 Society of Chemical Industry.

Nuclear astrophysics at ISAC with DRAGON: Initial studies

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Olin, Art; Bishop, Shawn; D'Auria, John M.; Lamey, Michael; Liu, Wenjie; Wrede, Chris; Buchmann, Lothar; Chen, Alan; Hunter, Don; Laird, Alison M.; Ottewell, Dave; Rogers, Joel; Chatterjee, Mohan L.; Engel, Sabine; Strieder, Frank; Gigliotti, Dario; Hussein, Ahmed; Greife, Uwe; Jewett, Cybele; Hutcheon, Dave

2002-01-01

The new DRAGON recoil separator facility, designed and built to measure directly the rates of radiative proton and alpha capture reactions important for nuclear astrophysics, is now in operation at the TRIUMF-ISAC radioactive beams facility in Vancouver, Canada. Experiments have been conducted for the first time on the 21Na(p,γ)22Mg reaction. The evolution of nova explosions, and particularly their 22Na abundance, depends sensitively on this reaction rate. The radioactive 21Na beam with an intensity of up to 5 x 108 /s was directed onto a windowless hydrogen gas target (3.8 x 1018 H atoms/cm2). Prompt reaction gamma rays were detected using a BGO array and separated reaction products detected using a silicon strip detector at the end of the 20.8 m recoil mass separator. Yield measurements recording simultaneously singles and coincident signals were performed by scanning in energy over the known resonance reported previously in 22Mg at Ecm = 212 keV, and in addition, over a strong resonance observed at Ecm ≅822 keV. Known resonances in the 21Ne(p,γ)22Na, 20Ne(p,γ)21Na, and 24Mg(p,γ)25Al reactions have been used to calibrate the DRAGON. Studies are in progress to further define the performance of the DRAGON facility. Status of the data analysis and results from system performance studies will be presented along with a brief description of the new ISAC and DRAGON facilities

Efeito da N-acetilcisteína oral na bronquite crónica: uma revisão sistematizada quantitativa

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

C. Stey

2001-07-01

Full Text Available RESUMO: O papel da N-acetilcesteína (NAC no tratamento da bronquite crónica não está estabelecido.Dado que vários estudos foram publicados sobre este assunto, os autores propuseram-se fazer uma revisão sistematizada de alguns desses estudos.Efectuaram a revisão de ensaios randomizados comparando a NAC oral com placebo em doentes com doença pulmonar obstrutiva crónica (DPOC. Foram pesquisados artigos publicados em diversas línguas, em Medline, Embase e Cochrane Library.Onze artigos envolvendo 2011 doentes preen-cheram os critérios de selecção.O tratamento com NAC consistia em terapêutica oral de 400 a 600 mg por dia sendo a duração superior a 3 meses na maioria dos estudos. Os factores de risco de exacerbação bem como a caracterização da gravidade da DPOC através do estudo funcional não foram avaliados em todos os estudos.O papel da NAC na redução do número de exacerbações foi avaliado em 9 dos 11 estudos, sendo exacerbação definida como o aumento da tosse, da expectação mucopurulenta e/ou dispneia. Os resultados mostraram que 48,5% dos doentes medicados com NAC (351 de 723 não tiveram exacerbações comparativamente com 31,2% dos doentes sob placebo (229 de 733. O benefício relativo da NAC foi de 1,56.Em 5 estudos foram usadas escalas de auto-avaliação do tratamento, sendo possível seleccionar os doentes que referiam melhoria dos seus sintomas, o que se verificou em 61,4% dos doentes medicados com NAC (286 de 466 comparativamente a 34,6% dos doentes sob placebo (160 de 462. O benefício relativo da NAC foi de 1,78.Em relação aos efeitos adversos, 6 estudos relataram queixas gastrointestinais que se repartiram por 68 em 666 (10,2% dos doentes tratados com NAC, comparativamente a 73 em 671 (10,9% dos doentes medicados com placebo.Alguns estudos analisaram outras variáveis. Num estudo com DPOC grave o FEV1 melhorou significativamente nos doentes tratados com NAC, embora o ensaio decorresse em apenas 4 semanas

Prototype tests for the liquid Krypton, Calorimeter of the CP-violation Experiment NA48

CERN Document Server

Viehauser, Georg

This work 1s the result of a one year stay as a technical student in the NA48 group at the European Center for Nuclear Research CERN from May 1992 to May 1993. The NA48 experiment is a fixed target experiment at the CERN Super Proton Synchrotron (SPS) to study direct CP violation in neutral kaon decays. The aim of the experiment is the measurement of the ratio of the CP violation parameters £ '/£. Chapter 1 will explain the origin of these parameters and our current knowledge of their size. Chapter 2 will give a description of the NA48 experiment. A crucial part of the experiment will be a photon calorimeter filled with liquid krypton. It has to meet very ambitious demands concerning the high rate capability and the energy, space and time resolutions. In chapter 3 the principles of electromagnetic calorimetry and ionization chambers are reviewed. In 1992 two test beam exposures of a prototype of the liquid krypton calorimeter were performed. A description of these tests will be given in chapter 4. During th...

Passivity of alloy C-22 in NaCl solutions

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Rodriguez, Martin A.; Carranza, Ricardo M.

2004-01-01

Alloy C-22 has been proposed as the corrosion resistant barrier of high-level waste nuclear containers. This alloy must be resistant to corrosion in multi-ionic solutions for a period of time as long as 10,000 years. The aim of the present work was to study the corrosion behavior of alloy C-22 in NaCl solutions. General and crevice corrosion were studied by means of electrochemical techniques. Open circuit potential was measured over the time, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) measurements were carried out at open circuit and passivity potentials, as well as cyclic potentiodynamic polarization curves. Corrosion rates obtained by EIS measurements were acceptable for a waste nuclear container ( P ) values increased with open circuit potential and polarization time at constant potential. This was attributed to an increase in oxide film thickness and its aging respectively. The passive oxide form on alloy C-22 at the studied conditions presented a n-type semiconductor behavior in the passive potential range. Repassivation potential values (E R1 ) were determined for alloy C-22 at the studied conditions using PCA probes. (author) [es

Project and construction of a measurement system and nuclear radiations analysis

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Castro, R. B. de.

1983-01-01

A counting system was designed and built, aiming to: detect and measure nuclear radiations using a Geiger-Mueller counter; and to measure the amplitudes of pulses from either a proportional or a NaI detector. The results obtained of the Cs-137 and Co-60 energy spectra were compared with results obtained from other researches. (Author) [pt

Utility of Social Modeling in Assessment of a State’s Propensity for Nuclear Proliferation

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Coles, Garill A.; Brothers, Alan J.; Whitney, Paul D.; Dalton, Angela C.; Olson, Jarrod; White, Amanda M.; Cooley, Scott K.; Youchak, Paul M.; Stafford, Samuel V.

2011-06-01

This report is the third and final report out of a set of three reports documenting research for the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) National Security Administration (NASA) Office of Nonproliferation Research and Development NA-22 Simulations, Algorithms, and Modeling program that investigates how social modeling can be used to improve proliferation assessment for informing nuclear security, policy, safeguards, design of nuclear systems and research decisions. Social modeling has not to have been used to any significant extent in a proliferation studies. This report focuses on the utility of social modeling as applied to the assessment of a State's propensity to develop a nuclear weapons program.

Glutathionylation-Dependence of Na+-K+-Pump Currents Can Mimic Reduced Subsarcolemmal Na+ Diffusion

Science.gov (United States)

Garcia, Alvaro; Liu, Chia-Chi; Cornelius, Flemming; Clarke, Ronald J.; Rasmussen, Helge H.

2016-01-01

The existence of a subsarcolemmal space with restricted diffusion for Na+ in cardiac myocytes has been inferred from a transient peak electrogenic Na+-K+ pump current beyond steady state on reexposure of myocytes to K+ after a period of exposure to K+-free extracellular solution. The transient peak current is attributed to enhanced electrogenic pumping of Na+ that accumulated in the diffusion-restricted space during pump inhibition in K+-free extracellular solution. However, there are no known physical barriers that account for such restricted Na+ diffusion, and we examined if changes of activity of the Na+-K+ pump itself cause the transient peak current. Reexposure to K+ reproduced a transient current beyond steady state in voltage-clamped ventricular myocytes as reported by others. Persistence of it when the Na+ concentration in patch pipette solutions perfusing the intracellular compartment was high and elimination of it with K+-free pipette solution could not be reconciled with restricted subsarcolemmal Na+ diffusion. The pattern of the transient current early after pump activation was dependent on transmembrane Na+- and K+ concentration gradients suggesting the currents were related to the conformational poise imposed on the pump. We examined if the currents might be accounted for by changes in glutathionylation of the β1 Na+-K+ pump subunit, a reversible oxidative modification that inhibits the pump. Susceptibility of the β1 subunit to glutathionylation depends on the conformational poise of the Na+-K+ pump, and glutathionylation with the pump stabilized in conformations equivalent to those expected to be imposed on voltage-clamped myocytes supported this hypothesis. So did elimination of the transient K+-induced peak Na+-K+ pump current when we included glutaredoxin 1 in patch pipette solutions to reverse glutathionylation. We conclude that transient K+-induced peak Na+-K+ pump current reflects the effect of conformation-dependent β1 pump subunit

Glutathionylation-Dependence of Na(+)-K(+)-Pump Currents Can Mimic Reduced Subsarcolemmal Na(+) Diffusion.

Science.gov (United States)

Garcia, Alvaro; Liu, Chia-Chi; Cornelius, Flemming; Clarke, Ronald J; Rasmussen, Helge H

2016-03-08

The existence of a subsarcolemmal space with restricted diffusion for Na(+) in cardiac myocytes has been inferred from a transient peak electrogenic Na(+)-K(+) pump current beyond steady state on reexposure of myocytes to K(+) after a period of exposure to K(+)-free extracellular solution. The transient peak current is attributed to enhanced electrogenic pumping of Na(+) that accumulated in the diffusion-restricted space during pump inhibition in K(+)-free extracellular solution. However, there are no known physical barriers that account for such restricted Na(+) diffusion, and we examined if changes of activity of the Na(+)-K(+) pump itself cause the transient peak current. Reexposure to K(+) reproduced a transient current beyond steady state in voltage-clamped ventricular myocytes as reported by others. Persistence of it when the Na(+) concentration in patch pipette solutions perfusing the intracellular compartment was high and elimination of it with K(+)-free pipette solution could not be reconciled with restricted subsarcolemmal Na(+) diffusion. The pattern of the transient current early after pump activation was dependent on transmembrane Na(+)- and K(+) concentration gradients suggesting the currents were related to the conformational poise imposed on the pump. We examined if the currents might be accounted for by changes in glutathionylation of the β1 Na(+)-K(+) pump subunit, a reversible oxidative modification that inhibits the pump. Susceptibility of the β1 subunit to glutathionylation depends on the conformational poise of the Na(+)-K(+) pump, and glutathionylation with the pump stabilized in conformations equivalent to those expected to be imposed on voltage-clamped myocytes supported this hypothesis. So did elimination of the transient K(+)-induced peak Na(+)-K(+) pump current when we included glutaredoxin 1 in patch pipette solutions to reverse glutathionylation. We conclude that transient K(+)-induced peak Na(+)-K(+) pump current reflects the effect

NMR studies of the fifth transmembrane segment of Na+,K+-ATPase reveals a non-helical ion-binding region

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Underhaug, Jarl; Jakobsen, Louise Odgaard; Esmann, Mikael

2006-01-01

The structure of a synthetic peptide corresponding to the fifth membrane-spanning segment (M5) in Na(+),K(+)-ATPase in sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) micelles was determined using liquid-state nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. The spectra reveal that this peptide is substantially less...... transmembrane element of the Ca(2+)-ATPase. Furthermore, this region spans the residues implicated in Na(+) and K(+) transport, where they are likely to offer the flexibility needed to coordinate Na(+) as well as K(+) during active transport....... alpha-helical than the corresponding M5 peptide of Ca(2+)-ATPase. A well-defined alpha-helix is shown in the C-terminal half of the peptide. Apart from a short helical stretch at the N-terminus, the N-terminal half contains a non-helical region with two proline residues and sequence similarity to a non-structured...

Estudo sobre reciclagem de lâmpadas fluorescentes

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Danniele Miranda Bacila

2014-01-01

Full Text Available Lâmpadas fluorescentes (LF contêm mercúrio em sua composição, um metal pesado que pode causar danos à saúde e ao meio ambiente. As LF são amplamente consumidas no Brasil, porém o descarte correto de LF usadas não é amplamente divulgado e os índices de reciclagem são baixos. O objetivo deste estudo foi demonstrar a relevância do descarte adequado, avaliar as tecnologias de reciclagem e a destinação dos materiais, por meio de estudo comparativo entre Brasil e Alemanha. Através de visitas a recicladoras e análise das tecnologias adotadas nos dois países, foi verificado que no Brasil o vidro é destinado à indústria de cerâmica, enquanto que na Alemanha é destinado à fabricação de tubos para LF. Além disso, foi observado que o mercúrio apresenta diversas possibilidades de uso. Um ponto a ser explorado nos dois países, e de grande potencial para reciclagem, é a recuperação de terras raras do pó fosfórico presente nas LF. Tanto Brasil como Alemanha possuem oportunidades de melhoria na logística reversa de LF, por meio da qual se torna possível elevar os índices de reciclagem e reduzir os impactos ambientais causados pelo descarte inadequado de LF usadas.

Spectral Analysis Method of Plastic Scintillator-based Radiation Detector against Nuclear/Radiological Terrorism

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Kwak, Sung-Woo; Yoo, Ho-Sik; Jang, Sung Soon; Kim, Jung-Soo; Yoon, Wan-Ki

2008-01-01

In these days, the threats relating to nuclear or radioactive materials have become a matter of internationally increased grave concern. A plastic scintillation detector in radiation portal monitoring (RPM) application has been used to detect radioactive sources in steel scrap entering reprocessing facilities, and to detect illicit transport of radioactive material across border ports-of-entry. The detection systems for RPM application usually are large and can not easily be moved to a different location. For some situations, an inconspicuous and mobile system for the radioactive or nuclear material during road transport is needed. The mobile radiation detection system has employed a NaI- based radiation detector to detect and identify the material hidden in vehicle. There are some operational constraints - short measuring time, weak activity due to heavy shield of illegal source, long distance - of inspection system in such nuclear security applications. Due to these constraints, large area sensor is required to maximize its sensitivity. Large NaI material, however, is extremely expensive. In designing a radiation detector for prevention of illicit trafficking of nuclear or radioactive materials, the trade-off should be carefully optimized between performance and cost in order to achieve cost-effective inspection system. For the cost-effective mobile radiation detection system, this paper describes new spectral analysis method to use the crude spectroscopic information available from a plastic detector to discriminate other man-made radiation source from NORM

Nuclear energy between science and public

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Bobnar, B [Inst. Jozef Stefan, Ljubljana (Slovenia)

1992-07-01

The objective of the presented research was to establish the presence and the structure of nuclear energy as a theme in Slovenian mass media and at the same time to answer the question what chances an active Slovenian reader had in the year 1991 to either strengthen or change his opinion on nuclear power. Measurement and analysis of chosen relevant variables in 252 contributions in six Slovenian mass media publications in the year 1991 showed that the most frequent nuclear theme was decommissioning and closing down of a nuclear power plant. Other themes followed in the order of the frequency of appearance: nuclear energy as an economic issue, waste disposal, NPP Krsko operation, influence on health, information about events, seismic questions. The scientific theme - nuclear energy, was intensely represented in chosen Slovenian mass media publications in 1991. Common to all nuclear themes is that they were being presented from the political point of view. (author) [Slovenian] Prispevek s strani komunikoloskih raziskav osvetljuje nekatere dileme ob vstopanju stroke v svet mnozicnih medijev. Cilj raziskave je bil: ugotoviti prisotnost in strukturo jedrske energije kot teme v javnih pisnih medijih v letu 1991 ter oceniti, ali je imel povprecni bralec vsaj enega dnevnega casopisa moznost, da okrepi ali spremeni svoje mnenje o jedrski energiji. Merjenje in analiza relevantnih izbranih spremenljivk v 252 prispevkih v sestih slovenskih pisnih medijih sta pokazala, da je bila najpogostejsa jedrska tema zapiranje in razgradnja jedrskih elektrarn, sledili so ekonomski vidiki jedrske energije, vprasanja, povezana s skladiscenjem in odlagaliscem radioaktivnih odpadkov, delovanje NE Krsko, vpliv jedrske energije na zdravje, informacije o nezgodah, seizmoloska vprasanja. Strokovna tema - jedrska energija, je bila intenzivno predstavljena v slovenskih pisnih medijih v letu 1991, vendar prevladujoce s politicnega zornega kota. (author)

Cianeto na farinha e folhas de mandioca (Manihot esculenta Crantz Cyanide in the leaves and cassava leaves flour (Manihot esculenta Crantz

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Carmen Wobeto

2004-10-01

Full Text Available No Brasil, a farinha de folhas de mandioca (FFM vem sendo usada no combate à desnutrição, por ser fonte de vitaminas e minerais, além de ser um subproduto de ampla disponibilidade e baixo custo. Porém, a toxicidade, devido à presença de cianeto, pode restringir seu uso na alimentação humana. Determinaram-se os teores de cianeto nas folhas e nas FFM de cinco cultivares (Ouro do Vale, Maracanã, Mantiqueira IAC 24-2, IAC 289-70 e Mocotó, a fim de selecionar a cultivar com menores níveis desse antinutriente. Constatou-se que as cultivares apresentaram diferentes teores de cianeto e percentuais de perdas, destacando-se a IAC 289-70, com os níveis mais baixos e os maiores percentuais de perdas de cianeto. Portanto, antes de se indicar uma cultivar para a inclusão na dieta da população, faz-se necessário avaliar os teores de cianeto.In Brazil, cassava leaves flour (CLF has been used to combat undernourish, because it is a source of vitamins and minerals. Besides that, it is a sub-product of wide availability and low cost material. However, the toxicity, due to the presence of cyanide, can restrict its use for human feeding. The contents of cyanide in leaves and in CLF of five cultivars (Ouro do Vale, Maracanã, Mantiqueira IAC 24-2, IAC 289-70 and Mocotó, were determined, in order to select cultivars with smallest levels of these substance. It was verified that cultivars presented different levels of cyanide and percentile of losses, standing out the IAC 289-70 with the lowest levels and the largest losses of cyanide. Therefore, before indicating a cultivar for the inclusion in the population diet it is necessary to evaluate the contents of cyanide.

The effect of finasteride on spermatogenesis of Mesocricetus auratus Impacto da finasterida na espermatogênese do Mesocricetus auratus

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Dimas José Araújo Vidigal

2008-06-01

control group.OBJETIVO: Estudar o impacto da finasterida na espermatogênese do Mesocricetus auratus, adulto. MÉTODOS: Foram avaliados 20 hamsters adultos, com idades superiores a 1 ano, distribuídos em dois grupos: grupo controle com dez animais (n=10 e grupo experimental também com dez animais (n=10. No grupo experimental foi aplicado 7,14ng/mL (0,5mL de finasterida por 100mg/Kg/peso, subcutâneo (SC, na região dorsal do animal, três vezes por semana por 90 dias, dose correspondente a 5mg da droga usada em homens adultos, para tratamento da hiperplasia benigna da próstata (HBP. No final de três meses, esses Hamsters foram mortos por hipovolemia, após serem anestesiados com cloridrato de quetamina, na dosagem de 200 mg/kg juntamente com diazepam, na dosagem de 2,5 mg/kg. Os testículos foram retirados em monobloco juntamente com todo o aparelho geniturinário, fixados em formalina a 10% e encaminhados à histotécnica para posterior análise histológica em microscópico óptico. Foram usadas para coloração das lâminas a hematoxilina e eosina (HE. RESULTADOS: Quando foram mortos, os Hamsters do grupo de controle pesaram em média 129,0g e desvio padrão (DP de 18,8g. O grupo de experimento apresentou média de peso de 145,0g e DP de 15,25g. A idade dos animas de controle quando foram mortos apresentou média de 15,2 meses e DP de 1,13 meses. Os animais de experimento apresentaram média de idade de 17,16 meses e DP de 0,82. A diferença das médias de peso entre os dois grupos não teve significado estatístico (p=0,0514. Os animais (100% do grupo controle não tiveram alterações tubulares e apresentaram todas as etapas da espermatogênese normais. Quatro animais (40% do grupo de experimento apresentaram hipotrofia dos túbulos seminíferos, e seis (60% desses animais apresentaram espermatogênese normal, mas diminuída em relação ao grupo controle. Do ponto de vista estatístico houve significância (p=0,043 entre o grupo de experimento e controle em rela

Crystal structure of a Na+-bound Na+,K+-ATPase preceding the E1P state.

Science.gov (United States)

Kanai, Ryuta; Ogawa, Haruo; Vilsen, Bente; Cornelius, Flemming; Toyoshima, Chikashi

2013-10-10

Na(+),K(+)-ATPase pumps three Na(+) ions out of cells in exchange for two K(+) taken up from the extracellular medium per ATP molecule hydrolysed, thereby establishing Na(+) and K(+) gradients across the membrane in all animal cells. These ion gradients are used in many fundamental processes, notably excitation of nerve cells. Here we describe 2.8 Å-resolution crystal structures of this ATPase from pig kidney with bound Na(+), ADP and aluminium fluoride, a stable phosphate analogue, with and without oligomycin that promotes Na(+) occlusion. These crystal structures represent a transition state preceding the phosphorylated intermediate (E1P) in which three Na(+) ions are occluded. Details of the Na(+)-binding sites show how this ATPase functions as a Na(+)-specific pump, rejecting K(+) and Ca(2+), even though its affinity for Na(+) is low (millimolar dissociation constant). A mechanism for sequential, cooperative Na(+) binding can now be formulated in atomic detail.

Na+-H+ exchange and Na+-dependent transport systems in streptozotocin diabetic rat kidneys

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

El-Seifi, S.; Freiberg, J.M.; Kinsella, F.J.; Cheng, L.; Sacktor, B.

1987-01-01

The streptozotocin-induced diabetic rat was used to test the hypothesis that Na + -H + exchange activity in the proximal tubule luminal membrane would be increased in association with renal hypertrophy, altered glomerular hemodynamics, enhanced filtered load and tubular reabsorption of 22 Na + , and stimulated 22 Na= pump activity in the basolateral membrane, previously reported characteristics of this experimental animal model. Amiloride-sensitive H + gradient-dependent Na + uptake and Na + gradient-dependent H + flux were increased in brush-border membrane vesicles from the streptozotocin-treated animals. Na + gradient-dependent uptakes of phosphate, D-glucose, L-proline, and myoinositol were decreased in the drug-induced diabetic animals. These membrane transport alterations were not found when the streptozotocin-diabetic animals were treated with insulin

Qualidade dos produtos de terapias avançadas: requisitos de células extensamente manipuladas usadas em terapias celulares e em bioengenharia

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Rosana Bizon Carias

2018-02-01

Full Text Available Introdução: O preparo de produtos para terapias avançadas inclui, frequentemente, a manipulação extensa de células primárias in vitro, o que pode acarretar em alterações da população celular final. A padronização dos métodos de obtenção das culturas, seguindo as regras das Boas Práticas de Fabricação, com a realização dos controles de qualidade do processo e do produto final, é essencial para garantir a segurança do paciente e a comparabilidade dos resultados clínicos obtidos. Objetivo: Este estudo buscou identificar os ensaios, prevalentemente citados na literatura científica ou em normas sanitárias, aplicados na avaliação da qualidade de células primárias humanas, passíveis de serem inseridos na rotina dos Centros de Processamento Celular. Método: Foi realizado o levantamento de artigos científicos e de normas sanitárias que tratassem de terapia celular e dos ensaios de qualidade associados. Resultados: Foi evidenciado que as normas regulamentares direcionadas a produtos com base em células cultivadas in vitro não detalham os ensaios de qualidade, o que torna urgente a discussão dessa matéria. Conclusões: Evidenciamos a necessidade de preparo do produto na forma de um lote de células, que deve ser controlado para a qualidade, a partir de amostras representativas do todo e propomos a realização de uma bateria de ensaios, que definem a qualidade do produto de terapia avançada, a base de células cultivadas in vitro, com detalhamento dos pontos em que estes devem ser realizados, organizados como fluxogramas de processamento.

The falsification of Chiral Nuclear Forces

Science.gov (United States)

Ruiz Arriola, E.; Amaro, J. E.; Navarro Perez, R.

2017-03-01

Predictive power in theoretical nuclear physics has been a major concern in the study of nuclear structure and reactions. The Effective Field Theory (EFT) based on chiral expansions provides a model independent hierarchy for many body forces at long distances but their predictive power may be undermined by the regularization scheme dependence induced by the counterterms and encoding the short distances dynamics which seem to dominate the uncertainties. We analyze several examples including zero energy NN scattering or perturbative counterterm-free peripheral scattering where one would expect these methods to work best and unveil relevant systematic discrepancies when a fair comparison to the Granada-2013 NN-database and partial wave analysis (PWA) is undertaken. Work supported by Spanish Ministerio de Economia y Competitividad and European FEDER funds (grant FIS2014-59386-P), the Agencia de Innovacion y Desarrollo de Andalucia (grant No. FQM225), the U.S. Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory under Contract No. DE-AC52-07NA27344, U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Nuclear Physics under Award No. DE-SC0008511 (NUCLEI SciDAC Collaboration)

Studies in Low-Energy Nuclear Science

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Brune, Carl R.; Grimes, Steven M.

2010-01-01

This report presents a summary of research projects in the area of low energy nuclear reactions and structure, carried out between March 1, 2006 and October 31, 2009 which were supported by U.S. DOE grant number DE-FG52-06NA26187. We describe here research into low-energy nuclear reactions and structure. The statistical properties of nuclei have been studied by measuring level densities and also calculating them theoretically. Our approach of measuring level densities via evaporation spectra is able to reach a very wide range of nuclei by using heavy ion beams (we expect to develop experiments using radioactive beams in the near future). Another focus of the program has been on γ-ray strength functions. These clearly impact nuclear reactions, but they are much less understood than corresponding transmission coefficients for nucleons. We have begun investigations of a new approach, using γ-γ coincidences following radiative capture. Finally, we have undertaken several measurements of cross sections involving light nuclei which are important in various applications. The 9 Be(α,n) and B(d,n) reactions have been measured at Ohio University, while neutron-induced reactions have been measured at Los Alamos (LANSCE).

The two C-terminal tyrosines stabilize occluded Na/K pump conformations containing Na or K ions.

Science.gov (United States)

Vedovato, Natascia; Gadsby, David C

2010-07-01

Interactions of the three transported Na ions with the Na/K pump remain incompletely understood. Na/K pump crystal structures show that the extended C terminus of the Na,K-adenosine triphosphatase (ATPase) alpha subunit directly contacts transmembrane helices. Deletion of the last five residues (KETYY in almost all Na/K pumps) markedly lowered the apparent affinity for Na activation of pump phosphorylation from ATP, a reflection of cytoplasmic Na affinity for forming the occluded E1P(Na3) conformation. ATPase assays further suggested that C-terminal truncations also interfere with low affinity Na interactions, which are attributable to extracellular effects. Because extracellular Na ions traverse part of the membrane's electric field to reach their binding sites in the Na/K pump, their movements generate currents that can be monitored with high resolution. We report here electrical measurements to examine how Na/K pump interactions with extracellular Na ions are influenced by C-terminal truncations. We deleted the last two (YY) or five (KESYY) residues in Xenopus laevis alpha1 Na/K pumps made ouabain resistant by either of two kinds of point mutations and measured their currents as 10-mM ouabain-sensitive currents in Xenopus oocytes after silencing endogenous Xenopus Na/K pumps with 1 microM ouabain. We found the low affinity inhibitory influence of extracellular Na on outward Na/K pump current at negative voltages to be impaired in all of the C-terminally truncated pumps. Correspondingly, voltage jump-induced transient charge movements that reflect pump interactions with extracellular Na ions were strongly shifted to more negative potentials; this signals a several-fold reduction of the apparent affinity for extracellular Na in the truncated pumps. Parallel lowering of Na affinity on both sides of the membrane argues that the C-terminal contacts provide important stabilization of the occluded E1P(Na3) conformation, regardless of the route of Na ion entry into the

Análise do uso da terra na microbacia do Arroio do Meio - Santa Maria - RS, por Sistema de Informações Geográficas e imagem de satélite

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Piroli Edson Luís

2002-01-01

Full Text Available O objetivo desse trabalho foi verificar a viabilidade do uso de um Sistema de Informações Geográficas (SIG e a imagem de satélite para a análise do uso atual da terra e localização de áreas onde possam estar ocorrendo conflitos entre capacidade e uso do solo, na microbacia hidrográfica do Arroio do Meio. Foram utilizadas técnicas de geoprocessamento, como álgebra entre mapas, consulta ao banco de dados e reclassificação de imagens. Uma microbacia foi escolhida como objeto deste estudo, por ser considerada por muitos autores como sendo uma das melhores unidades para o planejamento e desenvolvimento sócioeconômico dos habitantes do meio rural. Na microbacia estudada, foram encontrados 555ha cobertos com florestas, compreendendo 24% da área total. As lavouras com área de 1.314ha ocupam a maior parte da microbacia (56%. Os campos de pastagens cobrem 184ha, ou seja, 8% da área total. As áreas alagadas representam 11% da área da microbacia, tendo respectivamente 265ha. Foram detectados ainda, 31ha sombreados (1% onde não se determinou com exatidão o uso da terra. Nas áreas com declividade superior a 47%, foram detectados 32ha sem cobertura de florestas, perfazendo 1,4% da área da microbacia. Em declives superiores a 30%, existem 71ha (3% sendo usados para a agricultura. A área ocupada com Chernossolos e Neossolos Litólicos, unidade de mapeamento Ciríaco-Charrua em declividade maior que 30% sem cobertura florestal é de 14ha (0,6%. De acordo com a declividade e o solo, as áreas de conflito alcançam 5% da área total, o que demonstra que, na maior parte da microbacia, a terra está sendo usada de acordo com sua capacidade.

The immobilisation of nuclear waste materials containing different alkali elements into single-phase NZP based ceramics

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Pet'kov, V.I.; Orlova, A.I.; Trubach, I.G.; Demarin, T.; Kurazhkovskaya, V.S.

2002-01-01

The NZP matrix, which is based on NaZr 2 (PO 4 ) 3 , is a viable candidate for nuclear waste immobilisation. We examined the possibilities of incorporating of alkali elements into the NZP host structure, investigated the conditions of the crystalline solution formation, and determined the regions of the NZP structure compositional stability for a series of complex orthophosphates of titanium or zirconium and alkali elements A m-x A' x M 2-(m-1)/4 (PO 4 ) 3 with m = 1, 3, or 5 and 0 ≤ x ≤ m, where A and A' are mutually different alkali elements and M is Ti or Zr. The phosphates containing Li-Na, Li-K, Li-Rb, Li-Cs, Na-K, Na-Rb, Na-Cs, K-Rb, K-Cs and Rb-Cs pairs were prepared and studied by X-ray powder analysis, IR spectroscopy, simultaneous DTA-TG measurements and electron microprobe analyses. In the systems studied, wide ranges of crystalline phosphate solutions with tailored alkali metal substitutions were formed owing to the large number of sites available for substitution and high degree of flexibility in the NZP structure. It was found that introduction of the less expensive and lighter Ti in the host phase in place of the commonly used Zr permits cheaper ceramics, having in some cases larger alkali element contents, to be obtained. The phases containing alkali metals can be formed, for instance, during phosphate solidification of molten alkali chlorides with radioactive nuclides from the pyroelectrochemical technologies of nuclear fuel recycling

Identificação de variáveis cataclísmicas eruptivas na direção do bojo galáctico e Nuvens de Magalhães usando dados do OGLE

Science.gov (United States)

Cieslinski, D.; Diaz, M. P.; Mennickent, R.; Pietrzyski, G.

2003-08-01

Na década de 90 iniciaram-se vários programas para a pesquisa de matéria escura na Galáxia usando o efeito de microlentes gravitacionais. Entre os projetos mais bem conhecidos podemos mencionar o OGLE (Optical Gravitational Lensing Experiment) e o MACHO (MAssive Compact Halo Objects). A estratégia usada por eles consiste em fazer fotometria de banda larga (normalmente B, R e I) de um grande número de estrelas (dezenas de milhões) tão freqüentemente quanto possí vel e por longos perí odos de tempo (anos). Uma tal sistemática de observação, além de descobrir inúmeras lentes gravitacionais, é também muito apropriada para a descoberta de estrelas variáveis. De fato, inúmeras novas variáveis de vários tipos foram descobertas como subproduto. Exemplos podem ser encontrados nos endereços http://bulge.princeton.edu/~ogle/ e http://wwwmacho.mcmaster.ca/. As variáveis cataclí smicas eruptivas (novas clássicas, novas recorrentes e novas anãs) são objetos que apresentam variabilidade de grande amplitude com escalas de tempo de dias a centenas de dias e, por esta razão, devem ter sido detectadas em grande número nestes "surveys". Para testar esta possibilidade nós procuramos nos dados do OGLE por tais sistemas e o presente trabalho mostra os resultados desta pesquisa. Os objetos foram selecionados entre as variáveis detectadas usando a amplitude de variação de brilho como critério principal. Este critério forneceu 13756 objetos, sendo 2169 na direção da Grande Nuvem de Magalhães, 1162 na direção da Pequena Nuvem de Magalhães e o restante na direção do Bojo Galáctico. A análise foi feita inspecionando-se visualmente cada curva de luz por erupções com as características acima mencionadas. Os resultados obtidos podem ser sumarizados como: descoberta de duas novas clássicas e 33 novas anãs. Além disso, pode-se mencionar a identificação de candidatas a outros tipos de variáveis como: estrelas simbióticas, RV Tauri, R Coronae

{sup 18}F-NaF PET/CT: EANM procedure guidelines for bone imaging

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Beheshti, M.; Langsteger, W. [St Vincent' s Hospital, PET - CT Center LINZ, Department of Nuclear Medicine and Endocrinology, Linz (Austria); Mottaghy, F.M. [University Hospital Aachen, RWTH Aachen University, Department of Nuclear Medicine, Aachen (Germany); Maastricht University Medical Center, Department of Nuclear Medicine, Maastricht (Netherlands); Payche, F. [Louis Mourier Hospital, Department of Nuclear Medicine, Colombes (France); Behrendt, F.F.F. [University Hospital Aachen, RWTH Aachen University, Department of Nuclear Medicine, Aachen (Germany); Wyngaert, T.V. den [Antwerp University Hospital, Department of Nuclear Medicine, Edegem (Belgium); Fogelman, I. [King' s College, Department of Nuclear Medicine, London (United Kingdom); Strobel, K. [Lucerne Cantonal Hospital, Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Lucerne (Switzerland); Celli, M.; Fanti, S. [Policlinico S. Orsola-Malpighi, Department of Nuclear Medicine, PET Unit, Bologna (Italy); Giammarile, F. [Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Lyon, Department of Nuclear Medicine, Lyon (France); Krause, B. [University Hospital Rostock, Department of Nuclear Medicine, Rostock (Germany)

2015-10-15

The aim of this guideline is to provide minimum standards for the performance and interpretation of {sup 18}F-NaF PET/CT scans. Standard acquisition and interpretation of nuclear imaging modalities will help to provide consistent data acquisition and numeric values between different platforms and institutes and to promote the use of PET/CT modality as an established diagnostic modality in routine clinical practice. This will also improve the value of scientific work and its contribution to evidence-based medicine. (orig.)

Improvement of Sodium Neutronic Nuclear Data for the Computation of Generation IV Reactors

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Archier, P.

2011-01-01

The safety criteria to be met for Generation IV sodium fast reactors (SFR) require reduced and mastered uncertainties on neutronic quantities of interest. Part of these uncertainties come from nuclear data and, in the particular case of SFR, from sodium nuclear data, which show significant differences between available international libraries (JEFF-3.1.1, ENDF/B-VII.0, JENDL-4.0). The objective of this work is to improve the knowledge on sodium nuclear data for a better calculation of SFR neutronic parameters and reliable associated uncertainties. After an overview of existing 23 Na data, the impact of the differences is quantified, particularly on sodium void reactivity effects, with both deterministic and stochastic neutronic codes. Results show that it is necessary to completely re-evaluate sodium nuclear data. Several developments have been made in the evaluation code Conrad, to integrate new nuclear reactions models and their associated parameters and to perform adjustments with integral measurements. Following these developments, the analysis of differential data and the experimental uncertainties propagation have been performed with Conrad. The resolved resonances range has been extended up to 2 MeV and the continuum range begins directly beyond this energy. A new 23 Na evaluation and the associated multigroup covariances matrices were generated for future uncertainties calculations. The last part of this work focuses on the sodium void integral data feedback, using methods of integral data assimilation to reduce the uncertainties on sodium cross sections. This work ends with uncertainty calculations for industrial-like SFR, which show an improved prediction of their neutronic parameters with the new evaluation. (author) [fr

Estudo botânico, fitoquímico e fisico-químico de Euphorbia hirta L. (Euphorbiaceae)

OpenAIRE

Pinto,M.V.; Nogueira,J.C.M.; Tresvenzol,L.M.F.; Fiuza,T.S.; Paula,J.R.; Bara,M.T.F.

2014-01-01

Euphorbia hirta L., popularmente conhecida por erva andorinha, tem sido utilizada no tratamento de distúrbios respiratórios e como antiespasmódico. Esse trabalho foi realizado com a finalidade de determinar as características macroscópicas e microscópicas das folhas, caule e raiz dessa planta, uma vez que estas são as partes usadas popularmente. Algumas características de valor na sua diagnose foram apontadas e ilustradas por fotomicrografias. Reações de fitoquímica e a determinação do conteú...

Estabilidade do movimento rotacional de satélites artificiais

OpenAIRE

Regina Elaine Santos Cabette

2006-01-01

Usando uma formulação canônica, neste trabalho é analisada a estabilidade do movimento de rotacional de um satélite artificial que considera perturbações devido ao torque de gradiente de gravidade. Aqui as variáveis de Andoyer são usadas para descrever o movimento de rotacional. Uma das aproximações que permitem a análise da estabilidade de sistemas hamiltonianos necessita da redução da hamiltoniana na forma normal. Primeiramente são encontrados pontos de equilíbrio e usando coordenadas gener...

Predictors Of Burnout Syndrome In Nurses In The Prehospital Emergency Services [preditores Da Síndrome De Burnout Em Enfermeiros De Serviços De Urgência Pré-hospitalar

OpenAIRE

De Souza Franca S.P.; De Martino M.M.F.; Dos Santos Aniceto E.V.; Silva L.L.

2012-01-01

OBJETIVO: Analisar os preditores da Síndrome de Burnout apresentados por enfermeiros de serviços de urgência pré-hospitalar móvel. MÉTODOS: Estudo descritivo, exploratório, quantitativo com 38 enfermeiros. Utilizou-se questionário estruturado acrescido do Maslach Burnout Inventory em setembro de 2010. Na análise dos dados, foram usadas técnicas de estatística descritiva e inferencial (teste t-Student e teste F (ANOVA)). A verificação da hipótese de igualdade foi realizada pelo teste F de Leve...

Estudo observacional do uso da hipodermóclise em cuidados paliativos oncológicos

OpenAIRE

Gabriela Ferri Carone

2016-01-01

Hipodermóclise (HDC) é uma importante técnica alternativa para a administração de medicamentos e fluidos pela via subcutânea. É usada com frequência para o controle dos sintomas em pacientes em cuidados paliativos com dificuldade de acesso venoso e que são incapazes de tolerar medicação oral. No entanto, raros estudos abordaram o uso da HDC de uma forma global, para reposição hidroeletrolítica e terapia medicamentosa, tanto na forma contínua quanto intermitente, observando detalhes e complica...

Estudio de la resistencia a la corrosión por picadura de aceros inoxidables austeníticos: influencia de la adición de manganeso en solución sólida

OpenAIRE

José Wilmar Calderón-Hernández; Lara Beatriz Braga Luz; Duberney Hincapie-Ladino; Neusa Alonso-Falleiros

2015-01-01

Este documento presenta los resultados de una investigación sobre la influencia del Mn en solución sólida sobre la resistencia a la corrosión por picadura de dos aceros inoxidables austeníticos, uno denominado 17Cr6Mn5Ni y un acero comercial UNS S304L utilizado como material de referencia. Fueron usadas soluciones electrolíticas de 0,6M NaCl en tres diferentes condiciones de concentración de oxígeno (solución desaireada, naturalmente aireada y aireada artificialment...

Anion-coupled Na efflux mediated by the human red blood cell Na/K pump

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Dissing, S.; Hoffman, J.F.

1990-01-01

The red cell Na/K pump is known to continue to extrude Na when both Na and K are removed from the external medium. Because this ouabain-sensitive flux occurs in the absence of an exchangeable cation, it is referred to as uncoupled Na efflux. This flux is also known to be inhibited by 5 mM Nao but to a lesser extent than that inhibitable by ouabain. Uncoupled Na efflux via the Na/K pump therefore can be divided into a Nao-sensitive and Nao-insensitive component. We used DIDS-treated, SO4-equilibrated human red blood cells suspended in HEPES-buffered (pHo 7.4) MgSO4 or (Tris)2SO4, in which we measured 22Na efflux, 35SO4 efflux, and changes in the membrane potential with the fluorescent dye, diS-C3 (5). A principal finding is that uncoupled Na efflux occurs electroneurally, in contrast to the pump's normal electrogenic operation when exchanging Nai for Ko. This electroneutral uncoupled efflux of Na was found to be balanced by an efflux of cellular anions. (We were unable to detect any ouabain-sensitive uptake of protons, measured in an unbuffered medium at pH 7.4 with a Radiometer pH-STAT.) The Nao-sensitive efflux of Nai was found to be 1.95 +/- 0.10 times the Nao-sensitive efflux of (SO4)i, indicating that the stoichiometry of this cotransport is two Na+ per SO4=, accounting for 60-80% of the electroneutral Na efflux. The remainder portion, that is, the ouabain-sensitive Nao-insensitive component, has been identified as PO4-coupled Na transport and is the subject of a separate paper. That uncoupled Na efflux occurs as a cotransport with anions is supported by the result, obtained with resealed ghosts, that when internal and external SO4 was substituted by the impermeant anion, tartrate i,o, the efflux of Na was inhibited 60-80%. This inhibition could be relieved by the inclusion, before DIDS treatment, of 5 mM Cli,o

Nuclear densimeter of soil simulated in MCNP-4C code

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Braga, Mario R.M.S.S.; Penna, Rodrigo; Vasconcelos, Danilo C.; Pereira, Claubia; Guerra, Bruno T.; Silva, Clemente J.G.C.

2009-01-01

The Monte Carlo code (MCNPX) was used to simulate a nuclear densimeter for measuring soil density. An Americium source (E = 60 keV) and a NaI (Tl) detector were placed on soil surface. Results from MCNP shown that scattered photon fluxes may be used to determining soil density. Linear regressions between scattered photons fluxes and soil density were calculated and shown correlation coefficients near unity. (author)

O regime de previdência dos servidores públicos: implicações distributivas com base na instituição de um teto nos valores dos benefícios e da criação da FUNPRESP

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Leonardo Alves Rangel

2016-03-01

Full Text Available O sistema brasileiro de Previdência Social é composto de dois grandes regimes, um para trabalhadores do setor privado (Regime Geral e outro para servidores públicos (Regimes Próprios, que possuem regras diferentes. A Lei nº12.618/2012 instituiu teto para aposentadorias e pensões dos servidores federais e criou sua previdência complementar. Essas alterações possuem, potencialmente, implicações distributivas. O objetivo deste artigo é analisar as implicações distributivas a partir dessas alterações. A metodologia usada decompõe os fatores do Coeficiente de Gini da distribuição do rendimento domiciliar per capita observada na PNAD de 2011, com ênfase no componente da renda previdenciária. Conclui que os benefícios superiores ao teto do Regime Geral são altamente regressivos e que a limitação no valor dos benefícios tem potencial de melhorar o perfil distributivo do gasto público com previdência, mas sem gerar grandes impactos no Gini da distribuição de renda.

Immunohistochemistry in diagnostic veterinary pathology: a critical review Imuno-histoquímica na patologia veterinária diagnóstica: uma revisão crítica

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Felipe Sueiro Ruiz

2005-08-01

Full Text Available Immunohistochemistry has become a practical and widely used tool for diagnosis in human pathology since the 70's. However, its application in veterinary diagnostic pathology has not been so common, especially due to the lack of specific antibodies. To overcome this drawback, antibodies which present cross reactivity with human and animal antigens have been applied. The purpose of the present study was to test the cross reactivity of some antibodies intended for the human pathology, which may be used in animal tissues, with the help of antigen retrieval and amplification systems. In the present study it was confirmed that many of the antibodies produced for use in human histopathology might be applied in veterinary pathology. Further studies are needed to increase the list of applicability of these antibodies to different animal species. It must be stressed that in this type of study some variables, such as clone of antibody, dilution, antigen retrieval method, and detection system, have to be evaluated.A técnica de imuno-histoquímica é usada na rotina diagnóstica e na pesquisa em patologia humana desde 1970, porém seu uso na patologia veterinária é relativamente recente, principalmente com objetivo diagnóstico. A maior dificuldade no uso da imuno-histoquímica na patologia veterinária tem sido a falta de anticorpos específicos para os tecidos animais. Na falta de anticorpos específicos para as espécies domésticas, a patologia veterinária freqüentemente faz uso de anticorpos que apresentam reatividade cruzada entre antígenos humanos e animais. O objetivo deste trabalho foi testar a reatividade cruzada de diversos anticorpos feitos para uso humano em tecido parafinado de algumas espécies animais, utilizando-se dos novos métodos de recuperação antigênica e amplificação da reação imuno-histoquímica. No presente estudo foi possível confirmar a aplicabilidade de que muitos anticorpos produzidos para diagnóstico imuno

Need for capacity building and knowledge management in nuclear applications, an IAEA perspective

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Rossbach, M.

2004-01-01

In view of an aging workforce and an increasing lack of students interested in nuclear technology and sciences many reports have pinpointed to the crucial situation in loosing valuable expertise and urged for the initiation of capable programmes to revitalize training opportunities and public interests in nuclear subjects. Several international and national initiatives emerged to support education and training in nuclear engineering and radiochemistry but it appears that money alone is not sufficient to reverse the trend. Nuclear knowledge management concepts and strategies have been discussed at various levels but a clear picture how to attract more interest in nuclear activities in the young generation did not emerge so far. It seems that only concerted action including social, political, scientific and technical components can positively change public perception of nuclear applications and, hence, result in an increased interest of students to take up this subject and embark in a professional life as a nuclear scientist or engineer. The Department of Nuclear Sciences and Applications (NA) of the IAEA is trying to support - through many different mechanisms - training and education in the nuclear sector and enhance the dissemination of nuclear knowledge from advanced to less advanced countries. Some of the more recent activities of the Department will be described in this communication. (author)

Na5NbO5 and Na5TaO5 phases

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Darriet, J.; Maazaz, A.; Bouloux, J.C.; Delmas, C.

1982-01-01

New ternary oxides of formulas Na 5 NbO 5 and Na 5 TaO 5 have been prepared. They crystallize in the monoclinic system (space group C2/c). The crystal structure of Na 5 NbO 5 has been determined. It derives from a NaCl-type structure by ordering of the cations and of the oxygen vacancies in the anionic sublattice, the corresponding formula being Nasub(5/6)Nbsub(1/6)Osub(5/6)vacant sub(1/6). Sodium and niobium have a distorted square-pyramidal surrounding. (author)

An application of the IAEA GCS-R-3 Standard in Nuclear Quality Management System

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Kim, D. I.; Juhn, P. E. [TUEV SUED Korea, Seoul (Korea, Republic of); Kwon, M. J. [TUEV SUED KOCEN, Seoul (Korea, Republic of)

2012-03-15

IAEA GCS-R-3 Standard (2006) is intended to help nuclear community establishing a nuclear quality management system that integrates such 6 elements as safety, health, environment, security, quality and economics. In the present paper, the management principles of GCS-R-3 Standard are compared with those of ISO 9001 and ASME N/A-1 Codes and Standards. The paper also summarizes the worldwide survey on application of GS-R-3, which was conducted by the TUEV SUED Korea in 2011. The result concludes that the top priority should be given to safety upon which the management system must be based, in proper coordination with other 5 elements to enhance nuclear safety, in particular after Fukushima Dais-Ici nuclear power accidents on 11{sup th} March 2011 in Japan.

Handbook on nuclear data for borehole logging and mineral analysis

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

1993-01-01

In nuclear geophysics, an extension of the nuclear data available for reactor and shielding calculations, is required. In general, the problems and the methods of attack are the same, but in nuclear geophysics the environment is earth materials, with virtually all the natural elements in the Periodic Table involved, although not at the same time. In addition, the geometrical configurations encountered in nuclear geophysics are very different from those associated with reactor and shielding design, and they can impose a different demand on the required accuracy of the nuclear data and on the dependence on the calculational approach. Borehole logging is a very good example, since an experimental investigation aimed at varying only one parameter (e.g. moisture content) whilst keeping all the others constant in a geologically complex system that effectively exhibits 'infinite geometry' for neutrons and γ rays is virtually impossible. An increasingly important are of nuclear geophysics is the on-line analysis of natural materials such as coal (e.g. C, H, O, Al, Si, Ca, Fe, Cl, S, N,) the raw materials of the cement industry (S, Na, K, Al, Si, Ca, Fe, Mn, Ti, P, Mg, F, O), and mined ores of Fe, Al, Mn, Cu, Ni, Ag and Au, amongst others. Refs, figs and tabs

Synthesis of Na-A and/or Na-X zeolite/porous carbon composites from carbonized rice husk

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Katsuki, Hiroaki; Komarneni, Sridhar

2009-01-01

Na-A and/or Na-X zeolite/porous carbon composites were prepared under hydrothermal conditions by NaOH dissolution of silica first from carbonized rice husk followed by addition of NaAlO 2 and in situ crystallization of zeolites i.e., using a two-step process. When a one-step process was used, both Na-A and Na-X zeolites crystallized on the surface of carbon. Na-A or Na-X zeolite crystals were prepared on the porous carbonized rice husk at 90 deg. C for 2-6 h by changing the SiO 2 /Al 2 O 3 , H 2 O/Na 2 O and Na 2 O/SiO 2 molar ratios of precursors in the two-step process. The surface area and NH 4 + -cation exchange capacity (CEC) of Na-A zeolite/porous carbon were found to be 171 m 2 /g and 506 meq/100 g, respectively, while those of Na-X zeolite/porous carbon composites were 676 m 2 /g and 317 meq/100 g, respectively. Na-A and Na-X zeolites are well-known microporous and hydrophilic materials while carbonized rice husk was found to be mesoporous (pores of ∼3.9 nm) and hydrophobic. These hybrid microporous-mesoporous and hydrophilic-hydrophobic composites are expected to be useful for decontamination of metal cations as well as organic contaminants simultaneously. - Graphical Abstract: Novel Na-X zeolite/porous carbon composite.

Equilibrium chemical transformations in NaPO3 + NaCl melts

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Kovarskaya, E.N.; Rodionov, Yu.I.

1988-01-01

Because of the problems of the burial of solidified radioactive wastes into different geological rock formations, in particular into massives of rock-salt, the state of molten polyphosphate-chloride mixtures (taking into account the chemical character of the interaction of their components) for a prolonged period of time. The equilibrium products of the reaction in the NaPO 3 -NaCl system were studied in melts in air in the composition range of 30-70 mole % NaCl. It was shown that with increase in the NaCl content in the mixtures, the polyphosphate gradually depolymerizes to sodium tri-, di-, and monophosphates, and the composition of the equilibrium melts is dependent only on the ratio between the components in the initial molten mixtures. The time until the equilibrium is attained is shorter, the higher is the experimental temperature

Interaction between Na+/K+-pump and Na+/Ca2+-exchanger modulates intercellular communication.

Science.gov (United States)

Matchkov, Vladimir V; Gustafsson, Helena; Rahman, Awahan; Briggs Boedtkjer, Donna M; Gorintin, Sarah; Hansen, Anne Kirstine; Bouzinova, Elena V; Praetorius, Helle A; Aalkjaer, Christian; Nilsson, Holger

2007-04-13

Ouabain, a specific inhibitor of the Na(+)/K(+)-pump, has previously been shown to interfere with intercellular communication. Here we test the hypothesis that the communication between vascular smooth muscle cells is regulated through an interaction between the Na(+)/K(+)-pump and the Na(+)/Ca(2+)-exchanger leading to an increase in the intracellular calcium concentration ([Ca(2+)](i)) in discrete areas near the plasma membrane. [Ca(2+)](i) in smooth muscle cells was imaged in cultured rat aortic smooth muscle cell pairs (A7r5) and in rat mesenteric small artery segments simultaneously with force. In A7r5 coupling between cells was estimated by measuring membrane capacitance. Smooth muscle cells were uncoupled when the Na(+)/K(+)-pump was inhibited either by a low concentration of ouabain, which also caused a localized increase of [Ca(2+)](i) near the membrane, or by ATP depletion. Reduction of Na(+)/K(+)-pump activity by removal of extracellular potassium ([K(+)](o)) also uncoupled cells, but only after inhibition of K(ATP) channels. Inhibition of the Na(+)/Ca(2+)-exchange activity by SEA0400 or by a reduction of the equilibrium potential (making it more negative) also uncoupled the cells. Depletion of intracellular Na(+) and clamping of [Ca(2+)](i) at low concentrations prevented the uncoupling. The experiments suggest that the Na(+)/K(+)-pump may affect gap junction conductivity via localized changes in [Ca(2+)](i) through modulation of Na(+)/Ca(2+)-exchanger activity.

Intracellular Na(+) and metabolic modulation of Na/K pump and excitability in the rat suprachiasmatic nucleus neurons.

Science.gov (United States)

Wang, Yi-Chi; Yang, Jyh-Jeen; Huang, Rong-Chi

2012-10-01

Na/K pump activity and metabolic rate are both higher during the day in the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) that houses the circadian clock. Here we investigated the role of intracellular Na(+) and energy metabolism in regulating Na/K pump activity and neuronal excitability. Removal of extracellular K(+) to block the Na/K pump excited SCN neurons to fire at higher rates and return to normal K(+) to reactivate the pump produced rebound hyperpolarization to inhibit firing. In the presence of tetrodotoxin to block the action potentials, both zero K(+)-induced depolarization and rebound hyperpolarization were blocked by the cardiac glycoside strophanthidin. Ratiometric Na(+) imaging with a Na(+)-sensitive fluorescent dye indicated saturating accumulation of intracellular Na(+) in response to pump blockade with zero K(+). The Na(+) ionophore monensin also induced Na(+) loading and hyperpolarized the membrane potential, with the hyperpolarizing effect of monensin abolished in zero Na(+) or by pump blockade. Conversely, Na(+) depletion with Na(+)-free pipette solution depolarized membrane potential but retained residual Na/K pump activity. Cyanide inhibition of oxidative phosphorylation blocked the Na/K pump to depolarize resting potential and increase spontaneous firing in most cells, and to raise intracellular Na(+) levels in all cells. Nonetheless, the Na/K pump was incompletely blocked by cyanide but completely blocked by iodoacetate to inhibit glycolysis, indicating the involvement of both oxidative phosphorylation and glycolysis in fueling the Na/K pump. Together, the results indicate the importance of intracellular Na(+) and energy metabolism in regulating Na/K pump activity as well as neuronal excitability in the SCN neurons.

Rabdomiossarcoma aveolar de parede abdominal: estratégia terapêutica

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Mateus Calixto Colturato

2015-10-01

Full Text Available O rabdomiossarcoma (RMS é um tumor maligno da infância de origemmesenquimatosa, sendo o sarcoma de partes moles mais comum e o quartotumor sólido mais comum na pediatria. O fato do tumor surgir em uma ampla variedade de locais, alguns associados a padrões de invasão local específicos, disseminação linfonodal regional, e resposta terapêutica, requerem médicos familiarizados com o estadiamentoespecífico do local e detalhes de tratamento. A terapia multifatorial que incluicirurgia, quimioterapia e frequentemente radioterapia podem ser associadas,visando a melhor abordagem para otimizar a chance de cura e manter aqualidade de vida. O resumo relata um paciente que foi admitido por uma massa na paredeabdominal com imunohistoquímica confirmando o diagnóstico, D33 e F5Dpositivos. Estadiamento clínico III. O tumor surgiu no músculo reto abdominalesquerdo, estendendo-se ao assoalho pélvico, deslocando a bexiga e o reto.Hidronefrose bilateral, trombose venosa profunda e linfedema do membroinferior esquerdo e inchaço da genitália externa estavam presentes. Aquimioterapia usada foi Ifosfamide, Vincristine e Dactinomycin e foi observado uma resposta terapêutica significativa. A abordagem cirúrgica consistiu em linfadenectomia da cadeia periaórtica e ilíaca, além da ressecção completa do tumor. Foi usada tela flexível de dupla face na reconstrução da paredeabdominal. Foi realizada radio e quimioterapia. O objetivo de cura é real e depende do estágio dos tumores. O manejo destes  pacientes ainda continua desafiador. Com a terapia multidisciplinar, o cirurgião desempenha um papel vital em determinar a estratificação do risco para o tratamento e o controle local do tumor primário para o RMS

Synthesis of zeolites Na-A and Na-X from tablet compressed and calcinated coal fly ash

Science.gov (United States)

Hu, Tao; Gao, Wenyan; Liu, Xin; Zhang, Yifu; Meng, Changgong

2017-10-01

Zeolites Na-A and Na-X are important synthetic zeolites widely used for separation and adsorption in industry. It is of great significance to develop energy-efficient routines that can synthesize zeolites Na-A and Na-X from low-cost raw materials. Coal fly ash (CFA) is the major residue from the combustion of coal and biomass containing more than 85% SiO2 and Al2O3, which can readily replace the conventionally used sodium silicate and aluminate for zeolite synthesis. We used Na2CO3 to replace the expensive NaOH used for the calcination of CFA and showed that tablet compression can enhance the contact with Na2CO3 for the activation of CFA through calcination for the synthesis of zeolites Na-A and Na-X under mild conditions. We optimized the control variables for zeolite synthesis and showed that phase-pure zeolite Na-A can be synthesized with CFA at reactant molar ratio, hydrothermal reaction temperature and reaction time of 1.3Na2O: 0.6Al2O3: 1SiO2: 38H2O at 80°C for 6 h, respectively, while phase-pure zeolite Na-X can be synthesized at 2.2Na2O: 0.2Al2O3: 1SiO2: 88H2O at 100°C for 8 h, respectively. The composition, morphology, specific surface area, vibration spectrum and thermogravimetry of synthesized Na-A and Na-X were further characterized.

Break-up of Ca-montmorillonite particles by Na-montmorillonite

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Hedstroem, Magnus; Birgersson, Martin

2012-01-01

Document available in extended abstract form only. In the Swedish KBS-3 concept for a geological deep storage of spent nuclear fuel, bentonite of high montmorillonite content is proposed to serve as a buffer surrounding copper canisters containing the spent fuel. Montmorillonite has an exceptional affinity for water which results in the build-up of a swelling pressure when bentonite is placed in a confined volume. However, there is a concern that during and after a glaciation, meltwater of low ionic strength may cause the bentonite to swell extensively into fractures and turn into a sol that could be transported away by the seeping water. It is thus warranted to understand the behaviour of montmorillonite at aqueous condition of low ionic strength. Turbidity measurements were used to a large extent in previous work to follow the free swelling or settling process of montmorillonite in various aqueous solutions and thereby give information regarding sol formation. From theory we know that turbidity of a suspension is proportional to the particle concentration. However turbidity is also proportional to V p 2 where V p is the volume of the scattering particle. Thus the fact that turbidity of a Ca-montmorillonite suspension is higher than the turbidity of a Na- montmorillonite suspension of the same clay concentration indicates that Na-montmorillonite separate into smaller particles than Ca-montmorillonite. In this work we make use this size dependence to quantify the difference between Wyoming, Milos and Kutch montmorillonite in particular with respect to how mixed Ca/Na montmorillonite systems behave. Some Ca/Mg, Mg/Na and Na/K systems are also included for comparison. Figure 1 shows the final (stabilized) turbidity response of mixed Wy-Ca/Na montmorillonite as a function of the fraction of Ca 2+ in the clay. Starting material are suspensions of homo-ionic Wy-Ca and Wy-Na montmorillonite at a concentration of 1 g/l. The turbidity of the suspensions of the homo

Estimation of radioactive effluents concentrations in the vicinity of nuclear power plant; Predviduvanje na koncentraciite na radioaktivni aerozagaduvaci vo okolinata na nuklearni energetski postrojni

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Arsov, Lj [Elektrostopanstvo, Skopje (Yugoslavia)

1977-07-01

This paper deals with the problem of mathematical prediction of radioactive effluent concentrations around nuclear power plants. This mathematical model which describes the behaviour of the effluent in the atmosphere here in after is expanded and adapted for radioactive effluent treatment. In this way the mathematical model includes the description of the following effects: the rise of plume caused by its vertical momentum and its heat content, wind velocity profile and vertical growth of the coefficient of diffusion, fallout under gravity, ground deposition, precipitation scavenging, and radioactive decay. The advanced computer program DIFFUS has been applied to evaluate the ground concentration of the nuclides of I, which constitute the greatest risk for population.(author)

Research achievements in Bangladesh agriculture using nuclear techniques

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Sattar, M.A.

1997-01-01

Application of isotope and radiation techniques in Bangladesh agriculture has been initiated in 1961 with the establishment of Atomic Energy Agricultural Research Centre, Dhaka under the then Pakistan Atomic Energy Commission. The activity of the centre was strengthened and upgraded to the level of an institute as a constituent organization of Bangladesh Atomic Energy Commission in 1972. It was further reorganized, made an autonomous research organization under the Ministry of Agriculture in 1982 and renamed as Bangladesh Institute of Nuclear Agriculture. The other organizations involved in nuclear agricultural research are Institute of Food and Radiation Biology and Bangladesh Agricultural University. A number of technologies have been developed using nuclear techniques that imparted on agricultural development. Sixteen new crops were developed using physical (200-700 Gy gamma rays) and chemical mutagen (NaN 3 ). Soil fertility and plant nutrition technologies were developed using both stable and radio isotopes. The improved feeding strategies and utilization of locally available low quality feed material (rice straw) were determined using 51 Cr-EDTA and 125 I in order to have better livestock growth and reproduction ability. Several constraints related to nuclear research were identified. Increased government commitment and international cooperation are of the utmost importance for effective utilization of the benefits of nuclear technology and to face the increasing demand for food for the ever increasing population in years to come

Effluent monitoring for nuclear safeguards

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Stanchi, L.

1977-01-01

A microprocessor-based instrument operates a continuous surveillance on effluents from a nuclear facility. It receives and evaluates pulses from two NaI detectors and a set of single-channel analyzers. It has self-diagnosing capability so that it takes actions not only when it recognizes excessive radioactivity but also when it ascertains some abnormal behavior. Power failure procedure and automatic restart are provided. Operative constants such as alarm thresholds, times, and number of successive measurements are permanently stored in a read/write battery operated C-MOS memory. The program allows automatic succession of phases in a peculiar way and has a feature for loading an auxiliary program into RAMs

Effluent monitoring for nuclear safeguards

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Stanchi, L.

1976-01-01

A microprocessor-based instrument operates a continuous surveillance on effluents from a nuclear facility. It receives and evaluates pulses from two NaI detectors and a set of single-channel analyzers. It has self-diagnosing capability so that it takes actions not only when it recognizes excessive radioactivity but also when it ascertains some abnormal behavior. Power failure procedure and automatic restart are provided. Operative constants such as alarm thresholds, times, and number of successive measurements are permanently stored in a read/write battery operated C-MOS memory. The program allows automatic succession of phases in a peculiar way and has a feature for loading an auxiliary program into RAMs

Comparison of nuclear reactor types of the next generation; Komparativni prikaz novih tipova reaktorskih komercijalnih postrojenja slijedece generacije

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Pavlovic, Z; Kastelan, M [NPP Krsko (Slovenia)

1992-07-01

The paper presents a comparison for a selected relevant set of parameters for different commercial nuclear reactor types at the next generation. This parameters overview could serve as the base for the semi-quantitative decision bases for the selection of the future nuclear strategy. The number of advanced reactor designs of the LWR, HWR, GCR and LMR type are presented. Even currently many of them are still on the drawing boards, the concepts and designs should be assessed in the sense of sensible approach for planning the possible future nuclear strategy. (author) Clanek predstavlja usporedbu odabranih bitnih parametara karakteristicnih za razlicite tipove energetskih nuklearnih postrojenja slijedece generacije. Prikazani pregled parametara omogucava osnov za polu kvantitativnu osnovu za odlucivanje u svrhu donosenja odluke oko odrednica buduce strategije uporabe nuklearne energije. Brojni koncepti naprednih nuklearnih reaktora tipa LWR, HWR, GCR i LMR su prezentirani. S obzirom na cinjenicu da se mnogi of prezentiranih nalaze jos uvijek na crtacim daskama projektanata, koncepti i projekti koji su iz njih proizasli zahtijevaju analizu u smislu kvalitativnog pristupa planiranja moguce buduce nuklearne startegije. (author)

Prevalência do uso de medicamentos na gravidez e relações com as características maternas

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Gomes Keila R O

1999-01-01

Full Text Available INTRODUÇÃO: Há no Brasil crescente utilização de medicamentos industrializados, inclusive durante o ciclo reprodutivo feminino. Na gestação os efeitos dos medicamentos no feto pode resultar em toxicidade com possíveis lesões irreversíveis. Nesse sentido, foi verificada a prevalência do uso de medicamentos, durante a gravidez, na população estudada e sua relação com as características maternas, grupos farmacológicos e fonte de indicação. MÉTODOS: Foram avaliadas, quanto ao uso de medicamentos, 1.620 mulheres que deram à luz em cinco hospitais de atendimento público, privado ou conveniado, da cidade de São Paulo, de julho a setembro de 1993. Os dados referentes ao uso de medicamentos e de outras variáveis foram coletados, por meio de entrevista estruturada, no intervalo de 30 dias consecutivos junto às puérperas. RESULTADOS E CONCLUSÕES: A relação entre escolaridade materna e atendimento hospitalar revelou desigualdade social no acesso aos diversos tipos de serviço de assistência ao parto. A prevalência do uso de pelo menos um medicamento foi de 97,6%, com média de 4,2 medicamentos por mulher. A prevalência do uso de medicamentos por indicação médica e por automedicação foi de 94,9% e 33,5%, respectivamente. As medicações mais usadas, excluindo-se as vitaminas, sais minerais e vacinas, foram os analgésicos, antiácidos, antieméticos e antiespasmódicos. Usuárias com maior uso de medicamentos tiveram as seguintes características: acima de 29 anos de idade, casadas, terceiro grau completo, atividade remunerada e acesso aos serviços privados de saúde. A assistência médica desempenhou papel facilitador no acesso ao uso de medicamentos durante o período gestacional. As mulheres deveriam ser conscientizadas dos riscos em potencial a que expõem seus fetos ao fazerem uso de tantas medicações. O pré-natalista deveria repensar seu papel diante desta problemática.

The rapid-onset dystonia parkinsonism mutation D923N of the Na+, K+-ATPase alpha3 isoform disrupts Na+ interaction at the third Na+ site.

Science.gov (United States)

Einholm, Anja Pernille; Toustrup-Jensen, Mads S; Holm, Rikke; Andersen, Jens Peter; Vilsen, Bente

2010-08-20

Rapid-onset dystonia parkinsonism (RDP), a rare neurological disorder, is caused by mutation of the neuron-specific alpha3-isoform of Na(+), K(+)-ATPase. Here, we present the functional consequences of RDP mutation D923N. Relative to the wild type, the mutant exhibits a remarkable approximately 200-fold reduction of Na(+) affinity for activation of phosphorylation from ATP, reflecting a defective interaction of the E(1) form with intracellular Na(+). This is the largest effect on Na(+) affinity reported so far for any Na(+), K(+)-ATPase mutant. D923N also affects the interaction with extracellular Na(+) normally driving the E(1)P to E(2)P conformational transition backward. However, no impairment of K(+) binding was observed for D923N, leading to the conclusion that Asp(923) is specifically associated with the third Na(+) site that is selective toward Na(+). The crystal structure of the Na(+), K(+)-ATPase in E(2) form shows that Asp(923) is located in the cytoplasmic half of transmembrane helix M8 inside a putative transport channel, which is lined by residues from the transmembrane helices M5, M7, M8, and M10 and capped by the C terminus, recently found involved in recognition of the third Na(+) ion. Structural modeling of the E(1) form of Na(+), K(+)-ATPase based on the Ca(2+)-ATPase crystal structure is consistent with the hypothesis that Asp(923) contributes to a site binding the third Na(+) ion. These results in conjunction with our previous findings with other RDP mutants suggest that a selective defect in the handling of Na(+) may be a general feature of the RDP disorder.

Influence of aging on the quality of the skin of white women: the role of collagen Influência do envelhecimento na qualidade da pele de mulheres brancas: o papel do colágeno

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Eloina do Rocio Valenga Baroni

2012-10-01

Full Text Available PURPOSE: Evaluate the influence of aging on the quality of the skin of white women, analyzing the dermal collagen. METHODS: Pre-auricular flaps were collected for histological and morphometric analysis of 218 white women who underwent spontaneous facial aesthetic plastic surgery. Picrosirius ultrared stain was used for analysis and quantification of collagen in five age groups (OBJETIVO: Avaliar a influência do envelhecimento na qualidade da pele de mulheres brancas analisando o colágeno dérmico. MÉTODOS: Realizou-se análise histológica e morfométrica de 218 retalhos pré-auriculares de mulheres brancas que se submeteram espontaneamente à cirurgia estética facial. Foi usada a coloração de Picrosirius Ultrared para analisar e quantificar os colágenos I, III e total em cinco grupos etários (<40 anos, 40 a 49 anos, 50 a 59 anos, 60 a 69 anos e 70 a 79 anos. RESULTADOS: A análise histológica mostrou alterações sugestivas de envelhecimento cutâneo (fragmentação e desorganização das fibras de colágeno, especialmente em pacientes acima de 60 anos. Não houve diferenças significantes entre a idade e a espessura da derme e da epiderme, mas houve diferenças significantes entre as percentagens de colágeno I, III e total (p<0,001 com o aumento da idade. CONCLUSÃO: Existe redução do colágeno com o aumento da idade e um aumento na sua degradação, levando à fragmentação das fibras.

Recikliranje plastenk na kreativen način

OpenAIRE

Pavlin, Suzana

2017-01-01

Plastenke, poleg ostalih plastičnih izdelkov, v zadnjih letih predstavljajo pravo katastrofo za okolje. Domnevamo, da se le redko kdo vpraša, kaj se zgodi z njo po tem, ko je iz nje zaužil še zadnjo kapljico vode. Plastenka je lahko kot večina ostalih komunalnih odpadkov ponovno uporabljena, reciklirana, sežgana ali odložena na deponijo. V primeru nespoštovanja Zakona o varstvu okolja pa pristane v naravi, pogosto v morju, kjer prav počasi razpada in negativno vpliva na celoten ekosistem. V d...

Gasto energético na marcha em pacientes com mucopolissacaridose Energy expenditure during gait in patients with mucopolysaccharidosis

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Marcos Almeida Matos

2013-04-01

Full Text Available OBJETIVO: Avaliar o gasto energético na marcha em pacientes com mucopolissacaridose, utilizando uma metodologia simples e aplicável ao ambiente clínico. MÉTODOS: Realizou-se estudo transversal comparando-se o gasto energético da marcha de 19 pacientes portadores de mucopolissacaridose (Grupo MPS com 19 indivíduos assintomáticos da comunidade (Grupo Comparação. O gasto energético foi mensurado em Cal por um relógio da marca Polar (modelo FT7 durante uma caminhada de 50 metros. Foram também avaliados idade, peso, altura, IMC, frequência cardíaca inicial, frequência cardíaca final, e tempo de marcha. RESULTADOS: O Grupo MPS teve gasto energético na marcha de 2,84 Cal(±1,01, versus 1,42 Cal(±0,51, sendo 100% maior que o Grupo Comparação; também em relação ao Grupo Comparação, o Grupo MPS teve frequência cardíaca inicial 22% maior, frequência cardíaca final 13% e tempo da caminhada 25% maiores. CONCLUSÕES: O gasto energético na marcha de pacientes com mucopolissacaridose é duas vezes mais alto em comparação com indivíduos assintomáticos e a metodologia usada para avaliação mostrou-se alternativa eficiente para o ambiente clínico convencional. Nível de Evidencia III, Estudo Transversal Comparativo.OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study is to evaluate energy expenditure during gait in patients with mucopolysaccharidosis using a simple methodology applicable to the clinical setting. METHODS: A cross-sectional study was carried out comparing energy expenditure during gait in 19 patients with mucopolysaccharidosis (MPS Group with 19 control individuals from the community (Comparison Group. Energy expenditure was measured in calories using a Polar telemetric watch (model FT7 in a 50-meters walking. Variables such as age, weight, height, BMI, initial hart rate, final hart rate, and gait time were recorded. RESULTS: MPS Group showed an expenditure during gait of 2.84 Cal (± 1.01 versus 1.42 Cal (± 0.51, being 100% higher

Plant Defensins NaD1 and NaD2 Induce Different Stress Response Pathways in Fungi

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Peter M. Dracatos

2016-09-01

Full Text Available Nicotiana alata defensins 1 and 2 (NaD1 and NaD2 are plant defensins from the ornamental tobacco that have antifungal activity against a variety of fungal pathogens. Some plant defensins interact with fungal cell wall O-glycosylated proteins. Therefore, we investigated if this was the case for NaD1 and NaD2, by assessing the sensitivity of the three Aspergillus nidulans (An O-mannosyltransferase (pmt knockout (KO mutants (An∆pmtA, An∆pmtB, and An∆pmtC. An∆pmtA was resistant to both defensins, while An∆pmtC was resistant to NaD2 only, suggesting NaD1 and NaD2 are unlikely to have a general interaction with O-linked side chains. Further evidence of this difference in the antifungal mechanism was provided by the dissimilarity of the NaD1 and NaD2 sensitivities of the Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici (Fol signalling knockout mutants from the cell wall integrity (CWI and high osmolarity glycerol (HOG mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK pathways. HOG pathway mutants were sensitive to both NaD1 and NaD2, while CWI pathway mutants only displayed sensitivity to NaD2.

Experimental study of the {sup 22}Ne(p,{gamma}){sup 23}Na reaction and its implications for novae scenarios

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Menzel, Marie-Luise

2013-08-01

The {sup 22}Ne(p,{gamma}){sup 23}Na reaction belongs to the catalytic neon-sodium cycle and has an important role in the explosive hydrogen burning. The neon-sodium cycle takes place at temperatures of T = 0.1 - 0.5 GK and is assumed to occur in different astrophysical systems: e.g. in novae, in super novae of type Ia and during the shell-burning of red giant branch stars. The implications of {sup 22}Ne(p,{gamma}){sup 23}Na and the neon-sodium cycle in a nova scenario have been studied by using the nuclear network code libnucnet at GSI in Darmstadt. A nova is an outburst of matter in a binary system consisting of a white dwarf and a red giant star. It is therefore a representative phenomenon for explosive hydrogen burning. For the calculation of the nucleosynthesis during the nova outburst, the code libnucnet requires the initial mass composition of the novae partners, the temperature and density profiles of the nova explosion and the thermonuclear reaction rates of the participating reactions. In the following, the code determined the flow and the final atomic abundance in the neon-sodium cycle during the entire nova process. Additionally, the influence of the temperature profile of the novae outburst as well as the thermonuclear reaction rate of the {sup 22}Ne(p,{gamma}){sup 23}Na reaction on the final atomic abundance in the outburst has been studied. A characteristic measure for the reactions in astrophysical environments is the thermonuclear reaction rate. The reaction rate of {sup 22}Ne(p,{gamma}){sup 23}Na has still strong uncertainties in the temperature range of T = 0.03 - 0.3 GK. These uncertainties are based on insufficient upper limits of the resonance strengths as well as the possible existence of tentative states that are populated in the energy range of E{sup lab}{sub p} = 30 - 300 keV. The research presented in this thesis is dedicated to the experimental study of the {sup 22}Ne(p,{gamma}){sup 23}Na reaction for an improved determination of the

Glutamate Water Gates in the Ion Binding Pocket of Na(+) Bound Na(+), K(+)-ATPase

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Han, Minwoo; Kopec, Wojciech; Solov'yov, Ilia A

2017-01-01

III is always protonated. Glutamic acid residues in the three binding sites act as water gates, and their deprotonation triggers water entry to the binding sites. From DFT calculations of Na(+) binding energies, we conclude that three protons in the binding site are needed to effectively bind Na......The dynamically changing protonation states of the six acidic amino acid residues in the ion binding pocket of the Na(+), K(+) -ATPase (NKA) during the ion transport cycle are proposed to drive ion binding, release and possibly determine Na(+) or K(+) selectivity. We use molecular dynamics (MD......(+) from water and four are needed to release them in the next step. Protonation of Asp926 in site III will induce Na(+) release, and Glu327, Glu954 and Glu779 are all likely to be protonated in the Na(+) bound occluded conformation. Our data provides key insights into the role of protons in the Na...

Adaptability of Brayton cycle conversion systems to fast, epithermal and thermal spectrum space nuclear reactors

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Tilliette, Z.P.

1988-01-01

The two French Government Agencies C.N.E.S. (Centre National d'Etudes Spatiales) and C.E.A. (Commissariat a l'Energie Atomique) are carrying out joint preliminary studies on space nuclear power systems for future ARIANE 5 launch vehicle applications. The Brayton cycle is the reference conversion system, whether the heat source is a liquid metal-cooled (NaK, Na or Li) reactor or a gas-cooled direct cycle concept. The search for an adequate utilization of this energy conversion means has prompted additional evaluations featuring the definition of satisfactory cycle conditions for these various kinds of reactor concepts. In addition to firstly studied fast and epithermal spectrum ones, thermal spectrum reactors can offer an opportunity of bringing out some distinctive features of the Brayton cycle, in particular for the temperature conditioning of the efficient metal hydrides (ZrH, Li/sub 7/H) moderators. One of the purposes of the paper is to confirm the potential of long lifetime ZrH moderated reactors associated with a gas cycle and to assess the thermodynamical consequences for both Nak(Na)-cooled or gas-cooled nuclear heat sources. This investigation is complemented by the definition of appropriate reactor arrangements which could be presented on a further occasion

Nuclear energy in the former Soviet Union. From secrecy to export product; Kernenergie in de voormalige Sovjet-Unie. Van geheimhouding tot exportproduct

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Tellegen, E. [Departement Innovatie- en Milieuwetenschappen, Universiteit Utrecht, Utrecht (Netherlands)

2006-07-01

In this special issue of the magazine attention is paid to several aspects of nuclear energy. In this article the role of nuclear energy in the former Soviet Union is discussed with special attention to the Chernobyl accident on April 26, 1986. [Dutch] In vergelijking met landen als de Verenigde Staten en Engeland verliep de ontwikkeling van nucleaire energie in de Sovjet-Unie in een traag tempo. Het totalitaire karakter van de Sovjet-maatschappij werkte bovendien een lichtzinnige toepassing in de hand. Na de ramp in Tsjenobyl stagneerde de ontwikkeling, niet zozeer door de ramp als wel door de economische terugval na het uiteenvallen van de Unie. Deze terugval was echter van tijdelijke aard.

Influência das gonadotrofinas na regulação da maturação nuclear de oócitos eqüinos Influence of gonadotropins on nuclear maturation of equine oocytes

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Juan Manuel Larre Borges

1998-06-01

Full Text Available A maturação in vitro, fecundação e as técnicas de cultivo de embriões na espécie eqüina são extremamente importantes e necessárias para se examinar as causas de repetição de cio, redução de concepção em éguas velhas e também para a preservação da espécie eqüina. Para avaliar o efeito das gonadotrofinas na regulação da maturação nuclear de oócitos eqüinos, folículos com diâmetro entre 5 a 20mm foram aspirados de 551 ovários provenientes de matadouro obtendo-se 408 oócitos aptos para cultivo. Após a aspiração, os oócitos foram avaliados no próprio líquido folicular quanto a sua integridade e distribuídos nos diferentes tratamentos. No Tratamento I (T1 - grupo controle - os oócitos (n=92 foram cultivados em TCM-199 modificado (mod., com 25mM de HEPES, 2,2mg/ml de bicarbonato de sódio, 1 mi g/ml 17-beta estradiol, 250mi M de piruvato de sódio e 0,4% de albumina sérica bovina. No tratamento 2 (T2, os oócitos (n= 108 foram cultivados no mesmo meio TC M-199 mod. acrescido de lug/ml de hormônio luteinizante suíno (LHs. No Tratamento 3 (T3, os oócitos (n=102 também foram cultivados em TCM-199 mod. porém com 0,5mi g/ml de hormônio folículo estimulante suíno (FSHs e no Tratamento 4 (T4 os oócitos (n= 106 foram cultivados com 1mi g/ml de LHs e 0,5mi g/ml, de FSHs. Os oócitos dos quatros tratamentos foram cultivados em estufa a 39°C com 5% de CO2 , e 95% de umidade relativa no ar, durante 24 h. Após este período, as células do Cumulus oophorus foram removidas e os oócitos fixados em solução de ácido acético glacial-metanol (1:3 em placas de Petri 10 x 35mm por 24h sendo posteriormente corados com aceto-orceína. O percentual de oócitos em telófase I / metáfase II foi de 55,6% (59/106 para o T4 (FSHs/LHs e de 53,9% (55/102 para o T3 (FSHs, os quais não diferiram significativamente. No entanto, estes percentuais foram significativamente superiores (pIn vitro maturation, in vitro fertilization

Securing a better future for all: Nuclear techniques for global development and environmental protection. NA factsheet on nuclear and atomic data: Providing values for science

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

2012-01-01

The IAEA supports nuclear research activities in Member States by providing essential nuclear data and serving as the central agency for the collection and dissemination of data from laboratories worldwide. The EXFOR database contains a compilation of experimental reaction data from all around the world, and this effort - led by the IAEA - has been very well received, as it provides invaluable data for nuclear calculations and evaluations to researchers in Member States. ENSDF is a collection of evaluated data on the structure and decay properties of radioactive nuclides collected worldwide through a network coordinated by the IAEA. The IAEA has also developed tools to allow users to visualize data, since visual presentation of data in the form of a plot makes them easier to understand and appreciate. Two important applications are available from the Nuclear Data Services web site: LiveChart interactively presents nuclide properties, and ZVView plots reaction cross-sections, both from evaluated files and from EXFOR, as 2-D or 3-D plots. Concerted efforts by the IAEA include coordination of activities in Member States, such as EXFOR and ENSDF, coordinated research project (CRP) implementation, and also staff efforts, which have resulted in data libraries of immense value. IBANDL and RIPL-3 are examples of two databases resulting from CRPs. IBANDL is a database of experimental and evaluated nuclear cross-sections relevant to ion beam analysis. RIPL-3 is a library of reference input parameters which are essential ingredients of theoretical modelling codes. By providing a complete set of verified parameters, it is ensured that evaluations carried out around the world are compatible and can be produced easily and efficiently.

The structure of phosphate glass biomaterials from neutron diffraction and 31P nuclear magnetic resonance data

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Pickup, D M; Ahmed, I; Guerry, P; Knowles, J C; Smith, M E; Newport, R J

2007-01-01

Neutron diffraction and 31 P nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy were used to probe the structure of phosphate glass biomaterials of general composition (CaO) 0.5-x (Na 2 O) x (P 2 O 5 ) 0.5 (x = 0, 0.1 and 0.5). The results suggest that all three glasses have structures based on chains of Q 2 phosphate groups. Clear structural differences are observed between the glasses containing Na 2 O and CaO. The P-O bonds to bridging and non-bridging oxygens are less well resolved in the neutron data from the samples containing CaO, suggesting a change in the nature of the bonding as the field strength of the cation increases Na + → Ca 2+ . In the (CaO) 0.5 (P 2 O 5 ) 0.5 glass most of the Ca 2+ ions are present in isolated CaO x polyhedra whereas in the (Na 2 O) 0.5 (P 2 O 5 ) 0.5 glass the NaO x polyhedra share edges leading to a Na-Na correlation. The results of the structural study are related to the properties of the (CaO) 0.4 (Na 2 O) 0.1 (P 2 O 5 ) 0.5 biomaterial

Evaluation of microcomputer assisted system for nuclear emulsion measurement, 2

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Sato, Yoshihiro; Tezuka, Ikuo; Izawa, Kazuo.

1983-01-01

In the reaction of hardrons of several hundreds GeV/c, charm particles with from 10 -12 to 10 -13 second lifetime and beauty particles of shorter lifetime are generated. For directly observing these particles, the experiment using a system which combines nuclear emulsion and an electronic counter is carried out. The authors have engaged in the development of a nuclear emulsion analyzing system since several years ago, and recently developed a program for that system, and made measurement using the program, as one of the works to participate in the NA-19 hybrid experiment of this type, which is a high energy experiment implemented with the CERN accelerator using 350 GeV/c π - beam. In this report, first the outline of NA-19 experiment, next the corresponding of counter coordinates to nuclear emulsions, and the search for candidate events, in which two or more muons exist, that passed iron and tungsten dampers, are described. Further, the measuring programs XPRED 5 and CRS 34 and the relationship between these programs and measuring procedure and the evaluation for them are described at the end. The present program allows the measurement of generated secondary particles without any trouble up to the distance of 5 mm downstream from the collision point. It was also found that the program was applicable to the measurement of the decay phenomena and kink of the particles expected in the measurement of short-life particles. The system capability of estimating the position of target particles within 10 μm greatly contributes to this. (Wakatsuki, Y.)

Combate ao Desmodus rotundus rotundus (E. Geoffroy,1810 na região cárstica de Cordisburgo e Curvelo, Minas Gerais

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Almeida E.O.

2002-01-01

Full Text Available Com o objetivo de avaliar em uma região cárstica o tipo de refúgio, as espécies de morcegos, a população de animais domésticos, as associações interespecíficas nas coabitações com outros mamíferos silvestres suscetíveis à raiva e a eficácia da warfarina aplicada no dorso do Desmodus rotundus rotundus foi realizada uma pesquisa de maio de 1998 a março de 2000, nos municípios de Cordisburgo e Curvelo, Minas Gerais. Em 49 refúgios vistoriados, 29 naturais e 20 artificiais, localizados em 14 propriedades, encontrou-se o Desmodus rotundus rotundus em 18 abrigos naturais. Destes, 17 eram cavernas formadas pela dissolução ou abatimento de rocha calcária, típica do carste, e um era túnel escavado na terra pela ação das águas de um rio. As características geomorfológicas e de localização espacial foram registradas com base nas coordenadas geográficas, obtidas com auxílio de um sensor geográfico de posição. Nesses abrigos foram capturados e identificados 1457 morcegos de 14 espécies, sendo 640 Glossophaga soricina (Pallas, 1766, 566 Desmodus rotundus (E. Geoffroy, 1810, 73 Anoura geoffroyi (Gray 1838, 58 Trachops cirrhosus (Spix, 1823, 38 Diphylla ecaudata ecaudata (Spix, 1823, 23 Platyhrrinus lineatus (E. Geoffroy, 1810, 16 Lasiurus ega (Gervais, 1856, 14 Carollia perspicillata (Linnaeus, 1758, 13 Phyllostomus hastatus hastatus (Pallas, 1767, 9 Artibeus lituratus (Olfers, 1818, 3 Mimmon bennettii (Gray, 1838, 2 Myotis nigricans (Schinz, 1821, 1 Eptesicus brasiliensis (Desmarest, 1819 e 1 Pygoderma bilabiatum (Wagner, 1843. Não se conseguiu isolar ou detectar o vírus rábico no cérebro de 25 hematófagos selecionados e em 52 de outras espécies. A maioria desses abrigos também era usada por pacas (Agouti paca Linnaues, 1766, capivaras (Hydrochaeris hydrochaeris, Linnaues, 1766, guaxinins (Procyon cancrivorus, G. Cuvier, 1798 e raposas (Lycalopex vetulus, Lund, 1842 que são suscetíveis à raiva. Em 546 Desmodus

Dose evaluation on the basis of {sup 24}Na activity in the human body for the criticality accident at JCO Tokai nuclear fuel processing plant

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Momose, T.; Tsujimura, N.; Tasaki, T.; Kanai, K.; Hayashi, N.; Shinohara, K. [Japan Nuclear Cycle Development Inst., Tokai, Ibaraki (Japan)

2000-07-01

Sodium-24({sup 24}Na) generated in human body due to neutron activation was measured by whole body counter (WBC) in JNC Tokai works. Total 148 persons (JCO employees and contractor, public member, fire fighters, etc.) were measured and {sup 24}Na was detected in the 62 persons. Neutron energy spectrum around the facility was calculated using ANISN and MCNP code and estimated mean capture probability {xi} of neutron for human body at this accident was around 0.25-0.28 at any distance from the center of the precipitation tank. Effective dose equivalent for the 62 persons were estimated based on the calculated conversion factors from {sup 24}Na specific activity to neutron dose. Maximum {sup 24}Na activity was 7.7 kBq (83 Bq({sup 24}Na)/g({sup 23}Na)) in total body and the evaluated effective dose equivalent was 47 mSv. (author)

Fieldable Nuclear Material Identification System

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Radle, James E.; Archer, Daniel E.; Carter, Robert J.; Mullens, James Allen; Mihalczo, John T.; Britton, Charles L. Jr.; Lind, Randall F.; Wright, Michael C.

2010-01-01

The Fieldable Nuclear Material Identification System (FNMIS), funded by the NA-241 Office of Dismantlement and Transparency, provides information to determine the material attributes and identity of heavily shielded nuclear objects. This information will provide future treaty participants with verifiable information required by the treaty regime. The neutron interrogation technology uses a combination of information from induced fission neutron radiation and transmitted neutron imaging information to provide high confidence that the shielded item is consistent with the host's declaration. The combination of material identification information and the shape and configuration of the item are very difficult to spoof. When used at various points in the warhead dismantlement sequence, the information complimented by tags and seals can be used to track subassembly and piece part information as the disassembly occurs. The neutron transmission imaging has been developed during the last seven years and the signature analysis over the last several decades. The FNMIS is the culmination of the effort to put the technology in a usable configuration for potential treaty verification purposes.

NA62 and NA48/2 results on search for Heavy Neutral Leptons

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Lamanna Gianluca

2018-01-01

Full Text Available In this paper we present new results on upper limits for the search of Heavy Neutral Leptons (HNL with data collected by NA48/2 (2003-2004, NA62-RK (2007 and NA62 (2015 CERN experiments. The data collected with different trigger configuration allow to search for both long and short living heavy neutrinos in the mass range below the kaon mass. In addition the status of the search for K+ → π+vv with the NA62 detector will be briefly presented.

Na, Mg, Ni and Cs distribution and speciation after long-term alteration of a simulated nuclear waste glass: A micro-XAS/XRF/XRD and wet chemical study

Science.gov (United States)

Curti, Enzo; Dähn, Rainer; Farges, François; Vespa, Marika

2009-04-01

Microscopic distribution and speciation of Na, Mg, Ni and Cs in a simulated (inactive) nuclear waste glass were studied using micro X-ray fluorescence (μ-XRF) and micro X-ray absorption spectroscopy (μ-XAS), after aqueous leaching during 12 years at 90 °C. Na and Mg are major constituents of the glass that can be used to determine the progress of the glass corrosion process and the nature of secondary alteration phases. Ni and Cs represent dose determining long-lived radionuclides ( 59Ni, 135Cs) in vitrified nuclear waste. The Na-Mg μ-XRF maps revealed that the core regions of the glass fragments are apparently unaltered and compositionally homogeneous, whereas rims and interstitial spaces are enriched with Mg-rich smectite formed during the leaching process. The micro X-ray absorption near edge structure (μ-XANES) spectra collected at the Mg K-edge in the altered zones show three sharp resonances typical for crystalline Mg-silicates. These resonances are distinctive of Mg occupying undistorted octahedral positions. In contrast, the μ-XANES spectra collected in the core zones of the glass fragments lack this resonance pattern and are identical to the spectra measured on the pristine (unleached) MW glass. Micro extended X-ray absorption fine structure (μ-EXAFS) and μ-XANES analyses at the Ni K-edge revealed three distinct Ni(II) species: (a) Ni uniformly distributed in the glass matrix, (b) micro-inclusions with high Ni concentrations and (c) Ni associated to the Mg-clay. The comparison with reference spectra of unleached MW and other Ni-bearing silicate glasses indicated that species (a) represents the original coordinative environment of Ni in the glass. The μ-EXAFS analyses revealed that species (b) is structural Ni in trevorite (NiFe 2O 4), which probably formed through unmixing processes during the cooling of the glass melt. The μ-EXAFS of species (c) could be successfully modeled assuming specific adsorption or incorporation of Ni into the lattice of

Representações da mulher em cartas bíblicas analisadas sob a perspectiva sistêmico-funcional

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Angela Maria Rossi

2014-02-01

Full Text Available Este artigo tem como objetivo analisar como a linguagem é usada para representar a mulher em duas cartas bíblicas do Novo Testamento sob o enfoque da Gramática Sistêmico-Funcional, de Halliday e Matthiessen (2004. Para isso, utilizamo-nos de categorias que realizam as três metafunções da linguagem. Na metafunção ideacional, ocupamo-nos do sistema de transitividade; da metafunção interpessoal, focalizamos o sistema de MODO e a polaridade; na metafunção textual, detemo-nos na estrutura temática. A análise conjunta dessas categorias evidenciou que a escolha pelo Tema Ideacional conjugada à função de fala proposta direcionada à mulher e às funções léxico-gramaticais de Ator, Experienciador e Portador desempenhadas por esse participante representam a mulher principalmente como submissa ao homem, ao marido e à sociedade.

Transmural gradients in Na/K pump activity and [Na+]I in canine ventricle.

Science.gov (United States)

Gao, J; Wang, W; Cohen, I S; Mathias, R T

2005-09-01

There are well-documented differences in ion channel activity and action potential shape between epicardial (EPI), midmyocardial (MID), and endocardial (ENDO) ventricular myocytes. The purpose of this study was to determine if differences exist in Na/K pump activity. The whole cell patch-clamp was used to measure Na/K pump current (I(P)) and inward background Na(+)-current (I(inb)) in cells isolated from canine left ventricle. All currents were normalized to membrane capacitance. I(P) was measured as the current blocked by a saturating concentration of dihydro-ouabain. [Na(+)](i) was measured using SBFI-AM. I(P)(ENDO) (0.34 +/- 0.04 pA/pF, n = 17) was smaller than I(P)(EPI) (0.68 +/- 0.09 pA/pF, n = 38); the ratio was 0.50 with I(P)(MID) being intermediate (0.53 +/- 0.13 pA/pF, n = 19). The dependence of I(P) on [Na(+)](i) or voltage was essentially identical in EPI and ENDO (half-maximal activation at 9-10 mM [Na(+)](i) or approximately -90 mV). Increasing [K(+)](o) from 5.4 to 15 mM caused both I(P)(ENDO) and I(P)(EPI) to increase, but the ratio remained approximately 0.5. I(inb) in EPI and ENDO were nearly identical ( approximately 0.6 pA/pF). Physiological [Na(+)](i) was lower in EPI (7 +/- 2 mM, n = 31) than ENDO (12 +/- 3 mM, n = 29), with MID being intermediate (9 +/- 3 mM, n = 22). When cells were paced at 2 Hz, [Na(+)](i) increased but the differences persisted (ENDO 14 +/- 3 mM, n = 10; EPI 9 +/- 2 mM, n = 10; and MID intermediate, 11 +/- 2 mM, n = 9). Based on these results, the larger I(P) in EPI appears to reflect a higher maximum turnover rate, which implies either a larger number of active pumps or a higher turnover rate per pump protein. The transmural gradient in [Na(+)](i) means physiological I(P) is approximately uniform across the ventricular wall, whereas transporters that utilize the transmembrane electrochemical gradient for Na(+), such as Na/Ca exchange, have a larger driving force in EPI than ENDO.

Stainless steel phase detector for the 15 UD Pelletron at Nuclear Science Centre

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Ghosh, S.; Ahuja, R.; Rao, S.; Sarkar, A.; Avasthi, D.K.; Kanjilal, D.; Roy, A.; Bhowmik, R.K.

1995-01-01

A spiral resonant cavity has been installed at Nuclear Science Centre to monitor the phase of the accelerated pulsed beam from the 15 UD Pelletron. The cavity, made of stainless steel, is optimised for particles with β 0 similar 0.08. The unloaded Q-factor of the cavity is similar 2000 at a resonant frequency of 48 MHz. The measured sensitivity of the cavity pickup for 161.5 MeV 58 Ni pulsed beam is 5.9 μV (peak to peak) per nA of average beam current. The cavity signal can be used for average beam current down to 1 nA. ((orig.))

Reactions of metal oxides with molten NaPO3 + NaCl mixtures

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Kovarskaya, E.N.; Mityakhina, V.S.; Rodionov, Yu.I.; Silin, M.Yu.

1988-01-01

We consider the dissolution mechanism for iron (III), europium(III), and tin(IV) oxides in molten NaPO 3 + NaCl that are responsible for the peak solubilities. We chose Fe 2 O 3 as the basic material since this occurs in large amounts around damaged metal structures in rock salt mines in a proposed zone for storing vitrified radioactive wastes. Solubility measurement and paper chromatography show that Fe 2 O 3 dissolves in molten NaPO 3 + NaCl in air by reaction with the solvent to give double iron and sodium diphosphates and monophosphates in accordance with the initial solution-in-the-melt composition, the degree of equilibration, and the temperature. The elevated solubilities for initial NaCl contents close to 30 mole % are due to sodium triphosphates and tricyclophosphates present in these melts. Moessbauer spectroscopy confirms that double iron, europium and tin diphosphates and monophosphates containing sodium occur in these chloride-polyphosphate melts

A review of the developments of radioxenon detectors for nuclear explosion monitoring

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Sivels, Ciara B.; McIntyre, Justin I.; Bowyer, Theodore W.; Kalinowski, Martin B.; Pozzi, Sara A.

2017-09-27

Developments in radioxenon monitoring since the implementation of the International Monitoring System are reviewed with emphasis on the most current technologies to improve detector sensitivity and resolution. The nuclear detectors reviewed include combinations of plastic and NaI(Tl) detectors, high purity germanium detectors, silicon detectors, and phoswich detectors. The minimum detectable activity and calibration methods for the various detectors are also discussed.

Na(+),K (+)-ATPase as a docking station: protein-protein complexes of the Na(+),K (+)-ATPase.

Science.gov (United States)

Reinhard, Linda; Tidow, Henning; Clausen, Michael J; Nissen, Poul

2013-01-01

The Na(+),K(+)-ATPase, or sodium pump, is well known for its role in ion transport across the plasma membrane of animal cells. It carries out the transport of Na(+) ions out of the cell and of K(+) ions into the cell and thus maintains electrolyte and fluid balance. In addition to the fundamental ion-pumping function of the Na(+),K(+)-ATPase, recent work has suggested additional roles for Na(+),K(+)-ATPase in signal transduction and biomembrane structure. Several signaling pathways have been found to involve Na(+),K(+)-ATPase, which serves as a docking station for a fast-growing number of protein interaction partners. In this review, we focus on Na(+),K(+)-ATPase as a signal transducer, but also briefly discuss other Na(+),K(+)-ATPase protein-protein interactions, providing a comprehensive overview of the diverse signaling functions ascribed to this well-known enzyme.

Characterization of Na+-linked and Na+-independent Cl-/HCO3- exchange systems in Chinese hamster lung fibroblasts

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Cassel, D.; Scharf, O.; Rotman, M.; Cragoe, E.J. Jr.; Katz, M.

1988-01-01

The PS120 variant of Chinese hamster lung fibroblasts which lacks Na + /H + exchange activity was used to investigate bicarbonate transport systems and their role in intracellular pH (pH/sub i/) regulation. When pH/sub i/ was decreased by acid load, bicarbonate caused pH/sub i/ increase and stimulated 36 Cl - efflux from the cells, both in a Na + -dependent manner. These results together with previous findings that bicarbonate stimulates 22 Na + uptake in PS120 cells demonstrate the presence of a Na + -linked Cl - /HCO 3 - exchange system. In cells with normal initial pH/sub i/, bicarbonate caused Na + -independent pH/sub i/ increase in Cl - -free solutions and stimulated Na + -independent 36 Cl - efflux, indicating that a Na + -independent Cl - /HCO 3 - exchanger is also present in the cell. Na + -linked and Na + -independent Cl - /HCO 3- exchange is apparently mediated by two distinct systems, since a [(tetrahydrofluorene-7-yl)oxy]acetic acid derivative selectively inhibits the Na + -independent exchanger. An additional distinctive features is a 10-fold lower affinity for chloride of the Na + -linked exchanger. The Na + -linked and Na + -independent Cl - /HCO 3 - exchange systems are likely to protect the cell from acid and alkaline load, respectively

Na+ Influx Induced by New Antimalarials Causes Rapid Alterations in the Cholesterol Content and Morphology of Plasmodium falciparum.

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Sudipta Das

2016-05-01

Full Text Available Among the several new antimalarials discovered over the past decade are at least three clinical candidate drugs, each with a distinct chemical structure, that disrupt Na+ homeostasis resulting in a rapid increase in intracellular Na+ concentration ([Na+]i within the erythrocytic stages of Plasmodium falciparum. At present, events triggered by Na+ influx that result in parasite demise are not well-understood. Here we report effects of two such drugs, a pyrazoleamide and a spiroindolone, on intraerythrocytic P. falciparum. Within minutes following the exposure to these drugs, the trophozoite stage parasite, which normally contains little cholesterol, was made permeant by cholesterol-dependent detergents, suggesting it acquired a substantial amount of the lipid. Consistently, the merozoite surface protein 1 and 2 (MSP1 and MSP2, glycosylphosphotidylinositol (GPI-anchored proteins normally uniformly distributed in the parasite plasma membrane, coalesced into clusters. These alterations were not observed following drug treatment of P. falciparum parasites adapted to grow in a low [Na+] growth medium. Both cholesterol acquisition and MSP1 coalescence were reversible upon the removal of the drugs, implicating an active process of cholesterol exclusion from trophozoites that we hypothesize is inhibited by high [Na+]i. Electron microscopy of drug-treated trophozoites revealed substantial morphological changes normally seen at the later schizont stage including the appearance of partial inner membrane complexes, dense organelles that resemble "rhoptries" and apparent nuclear division. Together these results suggest that [Na+]i disruptor drugs by altering levels of cholesterol in the parasite, dysregulate trophozoite to schizont development and cause parasite demise.

PfGBP: una proteína de unión al telómero de Plasmodium falciparum

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Eliana Calvo

2015-01-01

Full Text Available Los telómeros son estructuras complejas de ADN y proteína localizadas en el extremo de los cromosomas eucariotes. Su principal función es proteger el extremo cromosomal de ser reconocido y procesado como ADNs fracturado, evitando así eventos de recombinación y fusión que conducen a inestabilidad cromosomal. El ADN telomérico consta de secuencias cortas, repetidas una tras otra, ricas en guanina; la cadena rica en guanina se extiende formando una región de cadena sencilla denominada extremo 3´ protuberante. Las proteínas por su parte, se pueden clasificar en: dsBPs, o proteínas de unión a la cadena doble, GBPs aquellas que reconocen específicamente el extremo protuberante y, proteínas que las interconectan mediante interacciones proteína-proteína. El gen PF3D7_1006800 de Plasmodium falciparum codifica para una proteína putativa similar a una GBP de Criptosporidium parvum, con el fin de establecer si esta proteína de P. falciparum presenta la capacidad de unión al ADN telomérico del parásito, se produjo una proteína recombinante a partir de la región codificante del gen, se purificó y se utilizó en ensayos de unión a ADN, y en la generación de anticuerpos policlonales específicos contra PfGBP. Nuestros resultados indican que la proteína de P. falciparum es una proteína nuclear con capacidad de unión al ADN telomérico in vitro, por lo que podría ser parte del complejo proteico encargado de proteger y/o mantener el telómero in vivo.

Use of a low energy proton accelerator for calibrating a large NaI(Tl) array in a high energy physics experiment

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Kirkbride, G.I.; O'Reilly, J.G.; Tompkins, J.C.

1978-01-01

The use of a 500 keV Van de Graaff proton accelerator to produce γ-rays in the range 4 - 18 MeV via nuclear reactions for the purpose of calibrating a large NaI(Tl) crystal array is reported. Data analysis indicates an energy calibration to approx. 1% over this range

Na/K Pump and Beyond: Na/K-ATPase as a Modulator of Apoptosis and Autophagy

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Cassiano Felippe Gonçalves-de-Albuquerque

2017-04-01

Full Text Available Lung cancer is a leading cause of global cancer deaths. Na/K-ATPase has been studied as a target for cancer treatment. Cardiotonic steroids (CS trigger intracellular signalling upon binding to Na/K-ATPase. Normal lung and tumour cells frequently express different pump isoforms. Thus, Na/K-ATPase is a powerful target for lung cancer treatment. Drugs targeting Na/K-ATPase may induce apoptosis and autophagy in transformed cells. We argue that Na/K-ATPase has a role as a potential target in chemotherapy in lung cancer treatment. We discuss the effects of Na/K-ATPase ligands and molecular pathways inducing deleterious effects on lung cancer cells, especially those leading to apoptosis and autophagy.

Na/K Pump and Beyond: Na/K-ATPase as a Modulator of Apoptosis and Autophagy.

Science.gov (United States)

Felippe Gonçalves-de-Albuquerque, Cassiano; Ribeiro Silva, Adriana; Ignácio da Silva, Camila; Caire Castro-Faria-Neto, Hugo; Burth, Patrícia

2017-04-21

Lung cancer is a leading cause of global cancer deaths. Na/K-ATPase has been studied as a target for cancer treatment. Cardiotonic steroids (CS) trigger intracellular signalling upon binding to Na/K-ATPase. Normal lung and tumour cells frequently express different pump isoforms. Thus, Na/K-ATPase is a powerful target for lung cancer treatment. Drugs targeting Na/K-ATPase may induce apoptosis and autophagy in transformed cells. We argue that Na/K-ATPase has a role as a potential target in chemotherapy in lung cancer treatment. We discuss the effects of Na/K-ATPase ligands and molecular pathways inducing deleterious effects on lung cancer cells, especially those leading to apoptosis and autophagy.

Subnitride chemistry: A first-principles study of the NaBa3N, Na5Ba3N, and Na16Ba6N phases

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Oliva, Josep M.

2005-01-01

An ab initio study on the electronic structure of the subnitrides NaBa 3 N, Na 5 Ba 3 N, and Na 16 Ba 6 N is performed for the first time. The NaBa 3 N and Na 5 Ba 3 N phases consist of infinite 1 ∞ [NBa 6/2 ] strands composed of face-sharing NBa 6 octahedra surrounded by a 'sea' of sodium atoms. The Na 16 Ba 6 N phase consist of discrete [NBa 6 ] octahedra arranged in a body-cubic fashion, surrounded by a 'sea' of sodium atoms. Our calculations suggest that the title subnitrides are metals. Analysis of the electronic structure shows partial interaction of N(2s) with Ba(5p) electrons in the lower energy region for NaBa 3 N and Na 5 Ba 3 N. However, no dispersion is observed for the N(2s) and Ba(5p) bands in the cubic phase Na 16 Ba 6 N. The metallic band below the Fermi level shows a strong mixing of N(2p), Ba(6s), Ba(5d), Ba(6p), Na(3s) and Na(3p) orbitals. The metallic character in these nitrides stems from delocalized electrons corresponding to hybridized 5d l 6s m 6p n barium orbitals which interact with hybridized 3s n 3p m sodium orbitals. Analysis of the electron density and electronic structure in these nitrides shows two different regions: a metallic matrix corresponding to the sodium atoms and the regions around them and heteropolar bonding between nitrogen and barium within the infinite 1 ∞ [NBa 6/2 ] strands of the NaBa 3 N and Na 5 Ba 3 N phases, and within the isolated [NBa 6 ] octahedra of the Na 16 Ba 6 N phase. The nitrogen atoms inside the strands and octahedra are negatively charged, the anionic character of nitrogens being larger in the isolated octahedra of the cubic phase Na 16 Ba 6 N, due to the lack of electron delocalization along one direction as opposed to the other phases. The sodium and barium atoms appear to be slightly negatively and positively charged, the latter to a larger extent. From the computed Ba-N overlap populations as well as the analysis of the contour maps of differences between total density and superposition of

Calculations to support design of a nuclear material tracking system

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Carter, L.L.; Eggers, R.F.; Williams, T.L.

1991-01-01

The Westinghouse Hanford Company is developing a nuclear material tracking system called NTRAK for the US Department of Energy at the Savannah River site. The NTRAK system is designed to determine the position and approximate magnitude of packages of special nuclear material (SNM) moving through a nuclear plant. The NTRAK accomplishes this by using special assemblies of detectors called modules to measure the gamma radiation emitted by the SNM. After measurement, raw data are processed to determine the direction to and position of the gamma-ray source. In order for the NTRAK method of SNM tracking to work, the gamma-ray signal at the detector modules must be at least four standard deviations above background. This paper addresses the use of the Monte Carlo computer code for neutron and photon transport (MCNP) to (a) predict the radiation emitted by plutonium oxide sources and (b) predict the counting rate of NaI detectors measuring those sources

MANEJO DO CRESCIMENTO DIAMÉTRICO DE Araucaria angustifolia (Bert. O. Ktze. BASEADO NA ÁRVORE INDIVIDUAL

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Leif Nutto

2001-04-01

Full Text Available Neste trabalho, foi analisado o potencial do crescimento diamétrico de Araucaria angustifolia (Bert. O. Ktze. em diferentes sítios, com o objetivo de obter informações para o manejo dessa espécie em florestas heterogêneas inequiâneas, visando à produção de madeira de alta qualidade em árvores pré-selecionadas. O material usado constitui-se de 400 árvores de florestas nativas e plantios, crescendo sob condições e tratamentos variáveis nos estados de Santa Catarina, Paraná e Rio Grande do Sul. O método usado para investigar a relação entre a largura da copa e o dap foi baseado na projeção horizontal da copa da árvore individual. Usando 16 amostras de 25 árvores, foram estudados vários estágios de desenvolvimento. Para cada amostra, foi feito um mapa de distribuição das árvores e das projeções das copas para avaliar o efeito da competição. O estudo mostra que existe uma estreita relação entre a largura da copa e o dap, que pode ser usada para o desenvolvimento de novas ferramentas de decisão aplicáveis em árvores individuais para o manejo de araucária em florestas heterogêneas inequiâneas ou para a produção de madeira de alta qualidade com árvores pré-selecionadas. Também, mostrou-se uma estreita correlação entre o crescimento de diâmetro e a qualidade do sítio, pois a expansão máxima da copa depende da qualidade deste, indicando que ele deve ser considerado como fator limitante para o manejo do crescimento.

WPŁYW WIEKU NA WYTRZYMAŁOŚĆ NA ŚCISKANIE BETONU MODYFIKOWANEGO DODATKIEM METAKAOLINITU

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Janusz KONKOL

Full Text Available W artykule przedstawiono wyniki badań wytrzymałości na ściskanie betonów modyfikowanych dodatkiem metakaolinitu po 2, 3, 7, 14, 28 i 56 dniach dojrzewania. Dodatek metakaolinitu użyto jako częściowy substytut cementu, dokonując wymiany 10% masy cementu na metakaolinit. Udział ten uznawany jest za optymalny z uwagi na inne niż wytrzymałość na ściskanie właściwości betonu, w tym trwałość betonu modyfikowanego metakaolinitem. Badania przeprowadzono także dla betonu tła, betonu bez dodatku metakaolinitu. Betony wykonano przy założeniu stałego stosunku woda/spoiwo, względnie woda/cement wynoszącego 0,45 oraz przy użyciu cementu portlandzkiego CEM I 32,5R, piasku kwarcowego frakcji do 2 mm oraz grysu bazaltowego frakcji do 16 mm. W celu uzyskania pożądanej konsystencji mieszanki betonowej zastosowano upłynniacz na bazie estrów polikarboksylowych. Uzyskane rezultaty badań potwierdziły wysoką aktywność pucolanową metakaolinitu już we wczesnym okresie dojrzewania betonu. W okresie między 3 a 7 dniem dojrzewania stwierdzono wolniejszy przyrost wytrzymałości na ściskanie w betonie niemodyfikowanym metakaolinitem, podczas gdy w betonie, w którym 10% masy cementu zastąpiono metakaolinitem uwidocznił się znaczący przyrost wytrzymałości na ściskanie. Po 2 dniach dojrzewania wytrzymałość na ściskanie betonu tła była nieznacznie wyższa od wytrzymałości na ściskanie betonu modyfikowanego. Korzystny wpływ dodatku metakaolinitu wynikający z jego wysokiej aktywności pucolanowej, jak również z uszczelniającego charakteru tego dodatku obserwowano jest zwłaszcza w okresie między 3 a 14 dniem dojrzewania. W tym okresie obserwowano znaczny przyrost wytrzymałości na ściskanie betonu modyfikowanego w porównaniu z wytrzymałością na ściskanie betonu tła. Po 7 i 14 dniach dojrzewania stwierdzono odpowiednio prawie 25% i 21% wzrost wytrzymałości na ściskanie na skutek użycia metakaolinitu.

Adição de aparas de papel reciclável na fabricação de chapas de madeira aglomerada.

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Leandro Calegari

2010-08-01

Full Text Available Neste trabalho, foram analisadas as propriedades físico-mecânicas de chapas aglomeradas produzidas com dois tipos de papel reciclável (papel jornal e offset e partículas de madeira de Pinus elliottii Engelm. As aparas de papel foram usadas no colchão em dois diferentes formatos (tiras ou moídas e em diferentes proporções: 0, 20, 40, 60 e 100% do peso seco das partículas. Utilizoaram-se 10% de adesivo à base de tanino-formaldeído na proporção 100:10. O experimento foi estabelecido segundo modelo fatorial, com três repetições. Os testes físico-mecânicos das chapas foram realizados segundo a norma ASTM D1037 (1995. Chapas aglomeradas produzidas tanto pela inclusão de papel jornal quanto offset no formato de tiras apresentaram tendência ao estouro durante a abertura dos pratos da prensa, causado pelo alto teor de umidade do colchão. A inclusão de aparas de papel prejudicaram a maioria das propriedades analisadas, fazendo com que não atendessem aos valores estabelecidos pelas normas DIN 68761 (1-1961, (3-1971 e ANSI A 208.1 (1987. A absorção d'água após 24 horas de imersão, a ligação interna e a resistência ao arrancamento de parafusos foram as propriedades mais prejudicadas. De modo geral, o uso de papel jornal se mostrou mais promissor do que o papel offset.

Poder simbólico no reajuste tarifário do transporte metropolitano de passageiros de Porto Alegre na crise de 2004

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Duarte de Souza Rosa Filho

2011-06-01

Full Text Available Em julho de 2004 ocorreu uma crise no transporte coletivo metropolitano de passageiros da Região Metropolitana de Porto Alegre (RMPA, quando foram queimados ônibus em protestos contra o aumento das tarifas. O presente trabalho visa analisar o exercício do poder simbólico nos discursos pronunciados na elaboração dos estudos do reajuste das tarifas, ou seja, poder da linguagem, como "o poder de constituir o dado pela enunciação, de fazer ver e fazer crer, de confirmar ou de transformar a visão do mundo" (Bourdieu, 2004a:14-15. A fim de potencializar a análise do poder simbólico, foram utilizados os conceitos da análise crítica do discurso (ACD. De acordo com a definição de Fairclough (2001:90, discurso é "o uso de linguagem como forma de prática social". Para Fairclough e colaboradores (2000, baseados nas afirmações de Lemke (1995, a linguagem matemática também é usada para atender a objetivos ideológicos. O trabalho conclui que os discursos pronunciados utilizam a condensação temática para incluir apenas aqueles atores sociais que dispõem de recursos de poder, oriundos do acervo de conhecimentos sobre o processo de produção dos serviços de transportes e do cálculo dos seus custos operacionais, que utilizam formalização matemática.

Teratological studies of DTPA-CaNa3, DTPA-ZnNa3 and quinamic acid in mice

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Luo Meichu; Ruan Tianming; Tong Shungao

1989-01-01

DTPA-CaNa 3 , DTPA-ZnNa 3 and quinamic acid are effective chelating agents for removing actinide elements from the body. In this experiment, different doses of DTPA-CaNa 3 , DTPA-ZnNa 3 and quinamic acid were given to mice on gestation days 6-10. Eight groups of mice received 0.8 and 2.0 mM/kg of DTPA-CaNa 3 , 3.8, 7.6, and 11.4 mM/kg of DTPA-ZnNa 3 and 0.42, 2.1, and 4.2 mM/kg of quinamic acid. Hypetonic saline and isotonic saline were given to two control groups. DTPA-CaNa 3 and quinamidic acid were found to be much more toxic to fetus of mice than DTPA-ZnNa 3 . When the doses of DTPA-CaMa 3 and quinamidic acid were 20 times higher than the human dose, the number of resorbed fetus was increased and the number and weight of live fetus were reduced. The result of injection with 7.6 mM/kg (200 times of human dose)DTPA-ZnNa 3 and that of injection with isotonic saline are the same. Therefore, we suggest that the DTPA-CaNa 3 and quinamidic acid should not be given to pregnant woman, if chelation therapy is needed, while the much safer DTPA-ZnNa 3 could be used

Interaction between a plasma membrane-localized ankyrin-repeat protein ITN1 and a nuclear protein RTV1

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Sakamoto, Hikaru [Department of Bioproduction, Faculty of Bioindustry, Tokyo University of Agriculture, 196 Yasaka, Abashiri-shi, Hokkaido 093-2422 (Japan); Sakata, Keiko; Kusumi, Kensuke [Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Kyushu University, 6-10-1 Hakozaki, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8581 (Japan); Kojima, Mikiko; Sakakibara, Hitoshi [RIKEN Plant Science Center, 1-7-22 Suehiro-cho, Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama 230-0045 (Japan); Iba, Koh, E-mail: koibascb@kyushu-u.org [Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Kyushu University, 6-10-1 Hakozaki, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8581 (Japan)

2012-06-29

Highlights: Black-Right-Pointing-Pointer ITN1, a plasma membrane ankyrin protein, interacts with a nuclear DNA-binding protein RTV1. Black-Right-Pointing-Pointer The nuclear transport of RTV1 is partially inhibited by interaction with ITN1. Black-Right-Pointing-Pointer RTV1 can promote the nuclear localization of ITN1. Black-Right-Pointing-Pointer Both overexpression of RTV1 and the lack of ITN1 increase salicylic acids sensitivity in plants. -- Abstract: The increased tolerance to NaCl 1 (ITN1) protein is a plasma membrane (PM)-localized protein involved in responses to NaCl stress in Arabidopsis. The predicted structure of ITN1 is composed of multiple transmembrane regions and an ankyrin-repeat domain that is known to mediate protein-protein interactions. To elucidate the molecular functions of ITN1, we searched for interacting partners using a yeast two-hybrid assay, and a nuclear-localized DNA-binding protein, RTV1, was identified as a candidate. Bimolecular fluorescence complementation analysis revealed that RTV1 interacted with ITN1 at the PM and nuclei in vivo. RTV1 tagged with red fluorescent protein localized to nuclei and ITN1 tagged with green fluorescent protein localized to PM; however, both proteins localized to both nuclei and the PM when co-expressed. These findings suggest that RTV1 and ITN1 regulate the subcellular localization of each other.

Defense Nuclear Material Stewardship Integrated Inventory Information Management System (IIIMS).

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Aas, Christopher A.; Lenhart, James E.; Bray, Olin H.; Witcher, Christina Jenkin

2004-11-01

Sandia National Laboratories was tasked with developing the Defense Nuclear Material Stewardship Integrated Inventory Information Management System (IIIMS) with the sponsorship of NA-125.3 and the concurrence of DOE/NNSA field and area offices. The purpose of IIIMS was to modernize nuclear materials management information systems at the enterprise level. Projects over the course of several years attempted to spearhead this modernization. The scope of IIIMS was broken into broad enterprise-oriented materials management and materials forecasting. The IIIMS prototype was developed to allow multiple participating user groups to explore nuclear material requirements and needs in detail. The purpose of material forecasting was to determine nuclear material availability over a 10 to 15 year period in light of the dynamic nature of nuclear materials management. Formal DOE Directives (requirements) were needed to direct IIIMS efforts but were never issued and the project has been halted. When restarted, duplicating or re-engineering the activities from 1999 to 2003 is unnecessary, and in fact future initiatives can build on previous work. IIIMS requirements should be structured to provide high confidence that discrepancies are detected, and classified information is not divulged. Enterprise-wide materials management systems maintained by the military can be used as overall models to base IIIMS implementation concepts upon.

Advanced Safeguards Technology Road-map for the Global Nuclear Energy Partnership

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Miller, M.C.; Tobin, S.; Smith, L.E.; Ehinger, M.; Dougan, A.; Cipiti, B.; Bakel, A.; Bean, R.

2008-01-01

Strengthening the nonproliferation regime, including advanced safeguards, is a cornerstone of the Global Nuclear Energy Partnership (GNEP). To meet these challenges, the Safeguards Campaign was formed, whose mission is to provide research and technology development for the foundation of next generation safeguards systems for implementation in U.S. GNEP facilities. The Safeguards Campaign works closely with the Nuclear Nonproliferation and International Security department (NA-24) of NNSA (National Nuclear Safety Administration) to ensure that technology developed for domestic safeguards applications are optimum with respect to international safeguards use. A major milestone of the program this year has been the development of the advanced safeguards technology road-map. This paper will broadly describe the road-map, which provides a path to next generation safeguards systems including advanced instrumentation; process monitoring; data integration, protection, and analysis; and system level evaluation and knowledge extraction for real time applications. (authors)

Na-ion dynamics in Quasi-1D compound NaV2O4

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Månsson, M; Umegaki, I; Nozaki, H; Higuchi, Y; Sugiyama, J; Kawasaki, I; Watanabe, I; Sakurai, H

2014-01-01

We have used the pulsed muon source at ISIS to study high-temperature Na-ion dynamics in the quasi-one-dimensional (Q1D) metallic antiferromagnet NaV 2 O 4 . By performing systematic zero-field and longitudinal-field measurements as a function of temperature we clearly distinguish that the hopping rate increases exponentially above T diff ≈ 250 K. The data is well fitted to an Arrhenius type equation typical for a diffusion process, showing that the Na-ions starts to be mobile above T diff . Such results make this compound very interesting for the tuning of Q1D magnetism using atomic-scale ion-texturing through the periodic potential from ordered Na-vacancies. Further, it also opens the door to possible use of NaV 2 O 4 and related compounds in energy related applications

Securing a better future for all: Nuclear techniques for global development and environmental protection. NA factsheet on nuclear sciences and applications: Applying 21st century nuclear science to 21st century problems

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

2012-01-01

By enhancing the integration across various thematic areas, the IAEA plays a role in helping to address today's emerging challenges. In radiation medicine, for example, nuclear technology is used for the diagnosis and treatment of major non-communicable diseases such as cancer and cardiovascular disorders. The Human Health Campus at http://humanhealth.iaea.org provides on-line resources and learning for health professionals working in radiation medicine. Responding to the world cancer crisis, the IAEA developed a unique initiative, the Programme of Action for Cancer Therapy which works closely with the World Health Organization (WHO) through the WHO-IAEA Joint Programme on Cancer Control. The programme aims at providing assistance to Member States to adopt comprehensive national cancer control programmes that encompass early detection, prevention, cancer diagnosis and treatment and palliative care. In a joint division with the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, the IAEA assists Member States in applying nuclear techniques to alleviate challenges in food safety, food security and sustainable agricultural development. The IAEA has made significant contributions to helping developing countries adopt sterile insect techniques to suppress and eradicate insect pests that pose a threat to human and to animal health. Using scientific methods based on the tracing of isotopes, the IAEA is improving the management of the world's freshwater resources, a key aspect of sustainable development in the face of climate change. The IAEA also helps Member States monitor known sites of radioactive contamination, as manifested by their ongoing efforts in Japan after the incident at Fukushima. Radioisotope products and radiation technology are essential components for applications across all fields, be it medicine, industry, or agriculture. The demand for the most used radioisotopes has been steadily increasing, such as, for example, fission produced 99Mo and 99m

Design of single-walled NaK capsules for fast breeder fuel pins irradiation (IVO-FR2-Vg7 program)

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Lopez Jimenez, J.; Hafner, H.E.

1979-01-01

In Frame of the Joint Irradiation Program IVO-FR2 between the Nuclear Research Centre of Karlsruhe (RFA) and the Junta de Energia Nuclear (Spain) is carried out in the FR2 reactor (Karlsruhe) the irradiation of 12 mixed-oxide fuel rods of 172 mm length. These test rods are first irradiated under various conditions in four modified FR2 capsule (Typ 7). Two versions of single-walled NaK (78% K) are used for this purpose. This report contains the design and description of these two capsule versions as well as the considerations required to oftain the operations licence, supplemented by the relevant figures. (author)

O Passeio Público do Rio de Janeiro na Literatura, na Pintura e na Fotografia do Século XIX

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Solange de Aragão

2012-06-01

Full Text Available Este artigo tem como objetivo geral e mais amplo chamar a atenção dos pesquisadores para a importância da literatura, da pintura e da fotografia como fontes documentais para a construção da História do Paisagismo no Brasil por meio de um estudo de caso muito particular: o Passeio Público do Rio de Janeiro no século XIX. São objetivos específicos apresentar e analisar o modo como esse espaço livre público aparece na literatura, na pintura e na fotografia desse período, considerando suas transformações paisagísticas.

TAXAS DE RECUPERAÇÃO DE BORO POR EXTRATORES EM SOLOS DA BAHIA E DE MINAS GERAIS, NA PRESENÇA E AUSÊNCIA DE CALAGEM

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

José Augusto dos Santos Neto

2015-08-01

Full Text Available As informações referentes às taxas de recuperação do boro pelo extrator em razão das doses adicionadas são escassas e necessárias para os sistemas de recomendação de adubação e corretivos. Esta pesquisa teve o objetivo de determinar as taxas de recuperação desse nutriente com água fervente e CaCl2 fervente em solos dos Estados da Bahia e Minas Gerais, na ausência e na presença de calagem. O experimento foi instalado em casa de vegetação, utilizando tratamentos em esquema fatorial (6 × 2 + 9 × 6, correspondendo a seis solos com e sem calagem, nove solos sem calagem e seis doses de B. Utilizaram-se blocos casualizados, com três repetições. As unidades experimentais foram constituídas por 0,6 dm3 de solo. A calagem foi calculada com base na análise de solo, seguindo a recomendação de calagem usada para o Estado de Minas Gerais. Após 15 dias de incubação, os solos receberam doses de B (0,0; 1,5; 3,0; 6,0; 9,0; e 15 mg dm-3, fazendo-se uma nova incubação por um período de 45 dias. Usou-se ácido bórico como fonte de B. Terminada a incubação, o teor de B disponível foi extraído com água fervente e CaCl2 5 mmol L-1 fervente, sendo a dosagem feita com azometina-H. Foram feitas análises de regressão e correlação para as diversas variáveis. O B extraído do solo com água fervente e o CaCl2 fervente, independentemente da calagem, aumentou linearmente com a elevação das doses aplicadas desse nutriente aos solos. Os extratores água fervente e o CaCl2fervente não são sensíveis à calagem. As taxas de recuperação de B dos solos pelos extratores usados variam de acordo com os teores de matéria orgânica, a quantidade e qualidade de argila e pelo equivalente de umidade. Os extratores utilizados foram altamente correlacionados entre si na extração do B do solo.

Use of microcontroller in gamma-ray spectrometer construction using NaI(Tl) sensor, with emphasis in multichannel analyzer, to applications in nuclear and environmental geophysics

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Silva, Nilton

2005-01-01

In this work of nuclear geophysical instrumentation the main purpose was the development of a gamma-ray spectrometer prototype with multi channel analyzer, since the spectroscopic amplifier until your firmware. The heart of the digital part was an ATMEL 8 bits microcontroller (AT89S8252). All circuits were made and assembled in the Laboratory of Applied Geophysical Instrumentation (LIGA) of IAG-USP. A microcontroller software was completely developed in C ANSI language using the Small Device C Compiler version 2.4.8, that is a free software distributed under General Public License (GPL). At first, microcontroller was used to change all digital circuit of one classic SCINTREX GAD-6 differential gamma-ray spectrometer. Measurement times with order of 2 days became possible, and it could work in non climate ambient. Then, after this stage, had been started the development of a multichannel analyzer (MCA) working in pulse height analyzer mode with 4096 channels capacity, to use in many kinds of nuclear detection. Besides it, was developed an automatic gain system for photopeak stabilization, by the use of one radioactive source ( 133 Ba). This automatic gain system is very important in the case of NaI(Tl) scintillometric detectors, due PMT sensitivity with temperature and aging of some laboratory electronic circuits. Two power supplies with high stability, using pulse width modulation (PWM) techniques were developed, in order to all system became free of electrical line break off. One PWM power polarizes a photo multiplier tube (PMT) with high voltage and another supplies remaining developed circuits. Calibration in energy using standards sources 137 Cs and 60 Co showed that gamma detector developed has a good linearity and low thermal drift, even working in absent of air-conditioned. Concentrations measurements of K, U and Th were made in samples of soils, vegetables, etc. (author)'

Solubility of NaNd(CO3)2.6H2O(c) in concentrated Na2CO3 and NaHCO3 solutions

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Rao, L.; Rai, D.; Felmy, A.R.; Fulton, R.W.; Novak, C.F.

1996-01-01

NaNd(CO 3 ) 2 x 6 H 2 O(c) was identified to be the final equilibrium solid phase in suspensions containing concentrated sodium carbonate (0.1 to 2.0 M) and sodium bicarbonate (0.1 to 1.0 M), with either NaNd(CO 3 ) 2 x 6 H 2 O(c) or Nd 2 (CO 3 ) 3 x xH 2 O(s) as initial solids. A thermodynamic model, based on Pitzer's specific into-interaction approach, was developed to interpret the solubility of NaNd(CO 3 ) 2 x 6 H 2 O(c) as functions of sodium carbonate and sodium bicarbonate concentrations. In this model, the solubility data of NaNd(CO 3 ) 2 x 6 H 2 O(c) were explained by assuming the formation of NdCO 3 + , Nd(CO 3 ) 2 - and Nd(CO 3 ) 3 3- species and invoking the specific ion interactions between Na + and Nd(CO 3 ) 3 3- . Ion interaction parameters for Na + -Nd(CO 3 ) 3 3- were developed to fit the solubility data. Based on the model calculations, Nd(CO 3 ) 3 3- was the predominant aqueous neodymium species in 0.1 to 2 M sodium carbonate and 0.1 to 1 M sodium bicarbonate solutions. The logarithm of the NaNd(CO 3 ) 2 x 6 H 2 O solubility product (NaNd(CO 3 ) 2 x 6 H 2 O(c)=Na + +Nd 3+ +2 CO 3 2- +6 H 2 O) was calculated to be -21.39. This model also provided satisfactory interpretation of the solubility data of the analogous Am(III) system in less concentrated carbonate and bicarbonate solutions. (orig.)