The effects of objectification on stereotypical perception and attractiveness of women and men

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Rollero Chiara

2016-01-01

Full Text Available Objectification has been found to have negative consequences on how women are perceived by others. However in an even more sexualized world being a sexual object has become a standard of physical attractiveness for women and objectification could foster a positive evaluation increasing attractiveness. Although Objectification Theory was originally grounded in women’s experiences, some research points to the promise of Objectification Theory for understanding men’s experiences as well. The aim of the paper was investigating the effects of objectification on gender stereotypes and perceived attractiveness. Two experimental studies were conducted. Study 1 (N=139 investigated the effects of objectification on female targets. Study 2 (N=146 investigated the effects on male targets. In both studies three dependent variables were considered: communality, agency, and attractiveness. Results of Study 1 revealed that objectified women were considered less communal and more attractive. Moreover, men perceived objectified women less agentic than the non-objectified ones, whereas women showed the opposite perception. Concerning men, objectification has a limited impact, as it interacted with participants’ gender only on communality: men considered objectified males more communal than the non-objectified ones, while women revealed the opposite perception.

Sexualizing reality television: associations with trait and state self-objectification.

Science.gov (United States)

Vandenbosch, Laura; Muise, Amy; Eggermont, Steven; Impett, Emily A

2015-03-01

Two studies combining cross-sectional and daily experience methods tested whether watching sexualizing reality television is associated with self-objectification in women. In Study 1, an online survey of 495 undergraduate women, we demonstrated that watching sexualizing reality television was associated with higher levels of trait self-objectification. In Study 2, an online daily experience study of 94 undergraduate women, we extended the results from Study 1 by focusing on state self-objectification and showed that changes in daily exposure to sexualizing reality television correspond to fluctuations in the importance participants attached to appearance, but were unrelated to the importance attached to body-competence. The results of these two studies with multiple methods provide support for the influence of exposure to sexualizing reality television to the development of an objectified self-concept but also underline differences in how exposure to sexualizing reality television relates to trait and state self-objectification. Copyright © 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

How Self-Objectification Impacts Physical Activity Among Adolescent Girls in Costa Rica.

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Monge-Rojas, Rafael; Fuster-Baraona, Tamara; Garita-Arce, Carlos; Sánchez-López, Marta; Colon-Ramos, Uriyoán; Smith-Castro, Vanessa

2017-02-01

In Latin America, more than 80% of adolescent girls are physically inactive. Inactivity may be reinforced by female stereotypes and objectification in the Latin American sociocultural context. We examined the influence of objectification on the adoption of an active lifestyle among 192 adolescents (14 and 17 years old) from urban and rural areas in Costa Rica. Analyses of 48 focus-groups sessions were grounded in Objectification Theory. Vigorous exercises were gender-typed as masculine while girls had to maintain an aesthetic appearance at all times. Adolescents described how girls were anxious around the prospect of being shamed and sexually objectified during exercises. This contributed to a decrease in girls' desire to engage in physical activities. Among males, there is also a budding tolerance of female participation in vigorous sports, as long as girls maintained a feminine stereotype outside their participation. Self-objectification influenced Costa Rican adolescent girls' decisions to participate in physical activities. Interventions may include: procuring safe environments for physical activity where girls are protected from fear of ridicule and objectification; sensitizing boys about girl objectification and fostering the adoption of a modern positive masculine and female identities to encourage girls' participation in sports.

Disordered eating among Asian American college women: A racially expanded model of objectification theory.

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Cheng, Hsiu-Lan; Tran, Alisia G T T; Miyake, Elisa R; Kim, Helen Youngju

2017-03-01

Objectification theory has been applied to understand disordered eating among college women. A recent extension of objectification theory (Moradi, 2010) conceptualizes racism as a socialization experience that shapes women of color's objectification experiences, yet limited research has examined this theoretical assertion. The present study proposed and examined a racially expanded model of objectification theory that postulated perceived racial discrimination, perpetual foreigner racism, and racial/ethnic teasing as correlates of Asian American college women's (N = 516) self-objectification processes and eating disorder symptomatology. Perceived racial discrimination, perpetual foreigner racism, and racial/ethnic teasing were indirectly associated with eating disordered symptomatology through self-objectification processes of internalization of media ideals of beauty (media internalization), body surveillance, and body shame. Results support the inclusion of racial stressors as contexts of objectification for Asian American women. The present findings also underscore perceived racial discrimination, racial/ethnic teasing, and perpetual foreigner racism as group-specific risk factors with major theoretical, empirical, and clinical relevance to eating disorder research and treatment with Asian American college women. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2017 APA, all rights reserved).

Objectification Theory: Of Relevance for Eating Disorder Researchers and Clinicians?

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Tiggemann, Marika

2013-01-01

Background: There is a large and expanding body of research on Objectification Theory. Central to the theory is the proposition that self-objectification results in shame and anxiety surrounding the body, and as a consequence, the development of eating disorders. However, the theory and research have been developed and reported in the gender and…

Individuation or Identification? Self-Objectification and the Mother-Adolescent Relationship

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Katz-Wise, Sabra L.; Budge, Stephanie L.; Lindberg, Sara M.; Hyde, Janet S.

2013-01-01

Do adolescents model their mothers’ self-objectification? We measured self-objectification (body surveillance and body shame), body mass index (BMI), body esteem, and quality of the mother-adolescent relationship in 179 female and 162 male adolescents at age 15, as well as self-objectification in their mothers. Initial analyses indicated no improvement in model fit if paths were allowed to differ for females and males; therefore a single model was tested for the combined sample. Findings revealed that mothers’ body surveillance negatively predicted adolescents’ body surveillance. Mothers’ body shame was unrelated to adolescents’ body shame, but positively predicted adolescents’ body surveillance. Results for the relationship between mothers’ and adolescents’ self-objectification suggest that adolescents engaged in more individuation than modeling. A more positive mother-adolescent relationship predicted lower body shame and higher body esteem in adolescents, suggesting that the quality of the relationship with the mother may be a protective factor for adolescents’ body image. Mother-adolescent relationship quality did not moderate the association between mothers’ and adolescents’ self-objectification. These findings contribute to our understanding about the sociocultural role of parents in adolescents’ body image and inform interventions addressing negative body image in this age group. The quality of the mother-adolescent relationship is a clear point of entry for such interventions. Therapists should work with adolescents and their mothers toward a more positive relationship quality, which could then positively impact adolescents’ body image. PMID:24363490

Testing a Culture-Specific Extension of Objectification Theory regarding African American Women's Body Image

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Buchanan, Taneisha S.; Fischer, Ann R.; Tokar, David M.; Yoder, Janice D.

2008-01-01

Objectification theory has emphasized objectification in terms of body shape and size. African American women may expect to be evaluated on additional physical attributes such as skin tone. Therefore, we extended previous research on objectification theory by adding separate measures of skin-tone concerns in a survey of 117 African American women.…

Reducing self-objectification: are dissonance-based methods a possible approach?

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Becker, Carolyn Black; Hill, Kaitlin; Greif, Rebecca; Han, Hongmei; Stewart, Tiffany

2013-01-01

Previous research has documented that self-objectification is associated with numerous negative outcomes including body shame, eating disorder (ED) pathology, and negative affect. This exploratory open study investigated whether or not an evidence-based body image improvement program that targets thin-ideal internalization in university women also reduces self-objectification. A second aim of the study was to determine if previous findings showing that body shame mediated the relationship between self-objectification and eating disorder pathology at a single time point (consistent with self-objectification theory) but did not mediate longitudinally (inconsistent with self-objectification theory) would be replicated in a new sample under novel conditions. Ninety-six university women completed a peer-led dissonance-based intervention, along with assessment measures at pre-, post-intervention, 8-week and 8-month follow-up. To address the open trial nature of this study, a planned manipulation check was included to make sure that peer-led dissonance decreased thin-ideal internalization, body dissatisfaction, eating disorder pathology, and negative affect with effect sizes being similar to past randomized controlled trials. We hypothesized that all three subscales of the Objectified Body Consciousness Scale (i.e., self-surveillance, body shame, and appearance control beliefs) would be reduced. In addition, we hypothesized that body shame would mediate the relationship between self-objectification (i.e., self-surveillance) and eating disorder pathology at a both at a single time point and longitudinally. The planned manipulation check supported the interpretation that peer-led dissonance in this study largely yielded comparable changes to past controlled trials. In terms of changes in dependent variables, results supported all hypotheses with the exception of body shame, which remained unchanged. With regards to the mediation analyses, our first (cross

The objectification of women in mainstream pornographic videos in Australia.

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McKee, Alan

2005-11-01

Using twelve measures of objectification, I measured the degree to which women are objectified in mainstream pornographic videos in Australia. Seven of the measures allowed for direct comparison of female and male objectification. Of these, one shows women being more objectified than men (presence of orgasms, where women have fewer orgasms). Three show men being more objectified than women (in time spent looking at camera, where men return the gaze significantly less; in time spent talking to the camera, where they are also less engaged; and in initiating sex, where men are more sexual objects than active sexual subjects in seeking their sexual pleasure in the sample). Three measures showed no difference in objectification between men and women (naming, central characters, and time spent talking to other characters).

Estimation de pose omnidirectionnelle dans un contexte de réalité augmentée

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Poirier, Stéphane

2012-01-01

Estimer la pose de la caméra est un défi fondamental en réalité augmentée et permet la superposition d’un modèle à la réalité. Estimer précisément la pose est souvent critique en ingénierie d’infrastructures. Les images omnidirectionnelles ont un champ de vision supérieur aux images planaires communément utilisées en RA. Cette propriété peut bénéficier à l’estimation de la pose. Or, aucun travail ne présente de résultats montrant clairement un gain de précision. Notre objectif est de quantifi...

L\\'hydrocephalie Chronique De L\\'adulte : A Propos De 15 Cas | Ba ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

Introduction L\\'hydrocéphalie chronique de l\\'adulte (HCA), est une dilatation des cavités ventriculaires par trouble de l\\'hydrodynamique du liquide cérébro-spinal (LCS), s\\'exprimant cliniquement par la triade d\\'Adams-Hakim. La cause peut être identifiable ou idiopathique. Objectifs L\\'objectif de notre travail est de ...

Objectification of injuries and consequences in expert medical opinions

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Miran Vrabl

2007-04-01

Full Text Available Background: Only unequivocal evidence confirming the total extent of injury. Biomechanical analysis, objectifications of permanent consequences after injury and objectification, whether such injuries influence life activities of an injured person, should be the basics for preparation of expert medical opinion. To make a necessary distinction from the previous injuries or illnesses that might have influence on current health state of a patient and its treatment, analysis of all medical records of a certain injured person is needed. Therefore this are inevitable steps in preparation of an expert medical opinion. In cases when medical opinion should explain disability of a patient as a consequence of a certain contractual relationship, the contract should be taken into consideration when such opinions is prepared.Methods: 500 opinions have been retrospectively analysed, selected at random out of 3452 opinions, submitted in claims for damages at Zavarovalnica Maribor, d. d., in the period from January 2001 until January 2006. Thirteen typical data have been analysed and evaluated on the basis of objective evidences.Results: On the basis of analyses it has been established that there is a great difference between principles of objectification and the data in analysed opinions. It has been noticed the most obvious deviation in biomechanical analysis (95 %, in records of decreased life activities (90 %, in all medical records of an injured person (65 % and in objectification of permanent consequences after injuries (55 %.Conclusions: As results of analysis demonstrate, there are significant differences in preparations of expert and medical opinions in Slovenia, particularly when basic principles are analysed that need to be considered when writing such opinions. Irrational avoidance of basic principle of objectification, nomination of experts without licence in certain fields of medicine, avoidance of objectification of subjective statements of injured

Body Conscious? Interoceptive Awareness, Measured by Heartbeat Perception, Is Negatively Correlated with Self-Objectification

OpenAIRE

Ainley, Vivien; Tsakiris, Manos

2013-01-01

BACKGROUND: 'Self-objectification' is the tendency to experience one's body principally as an object, to be evaluated for its appearance rather than for its effectiveness. Within objectification theory, it has been proposed that self-objectification accounts for the poorer interoceptive awareness observed in women, as measured by heartbeat perception. Our study is, we believe, the first specifically to test this relationship. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: Using a well-validated and reliable...

Crowdsourcing Sexual Objectification

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Carissima Mathen

2014-08-01

Full Text Available This paper analyzes the criminal offence of the non-consensual distribution of intimate images (what some call “revenge porn”. Focussing on the debate currently underway in Canada, it notes that such an offence would fill a grey area in that country’s criminal law. Arguing, more broadly, that the criminal law has an important expressive function, the paper posits that the offence targets the same general type of wrongdoing—sexual objectification—that undergirds sexual assault. While not all objectification merits criminal sanction, the paper explains why the non-consensual distribution of intimate images does and why a specific offence is legitimate.

Research

African Journals Online (AJOL)

abp

4 févr. 2013 ... 24,52% de nos patients ont fait recours à la tradithérapie en remplacement ou en complément de leur traitement. Discussion. Notre étude est une étude transversale avec quelques biais engendrés en rapport avec le non-respect des rendez-vous. Toutefois, notre objectif qui était d'évaluer l'observance.

Self-objectification and depressive symptoms: does their association vary among Asian American and White American men and women?

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Grabe, Shelly; Jackson, Benita

2009-03-01

Objectification Theory (Fredrickson & Roberts, 1997) posits that viewing one's body as an object - i.e., self-objectification - increases depressive symptomatology. Though a handful of studies to date have found self-objectification and depressive symptoms correlated among White American women, few studies have examined whether this finding generalizes to other social groups. We examine whether self-objectification and depressive symptoms are associated among Asian Americans and White Americans in a college sample of women and men (N=169). Self-objectification and depressive symptoms were positively associated among White American women but not among White American men or Asian American men or women. These data suggest the parameters of Objectification Theory are circumscribed by both race/ethnicity and gender and self-objectification may put White women, in particular, at risk for depressive symptoms.

Bringing Back the Body: A Retrospective on the Development of Objectification Theory

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Fredrickson, Barbara L.; Hendler, Lee Meyerhoff; Nilsen, Stephanie; O'Barr, Jean Fox; Roberts, Tomi-Ann

2011-01-01

In this article, Barbara L. Fredrickson reflects back on two early papers--"Objectification Theory: Toward Understanding Women's Lived Experiences and Mental Health Risks" and "A Mediational Model Linking Self-Objectification, Body Shame, and Disordered Eating"--and puts them into larger context. Both papers share an unusual origin story. To tell…

Notre Dame'i traagilised armastajad Pirita kloostri iidsete varemete vahel / Aigi Viira

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

Viira, Aigi

2003-01-01

Meelelahutustootja Comedy Productions eestvedamisel peaks etenduma 2004.a. suvel muusikal "Notre Dame de Paris" ("Jumalaema kirik Pariisis"). Lisaks sõnum "Muusikalivormi pakendatud kirjandusklassika"

Protective versus risk factors for self-objectification in different age and gender cohorts

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Rollero Chiara

2018-01-01

Full Text Available The harmful effects of objectification and self-objectification have been widely investigated, but few studies have examined factors that may predict self-objectification. This research intends to assess the protective versus risk role of sociodemographic and physical characteristics (age, BMI, psychosocial variables (self-esteem; self-oriented perfectionism and socially prescribed perfectionism, and social factors (influence of family and friends; internalization of media standards on self-objectification in men and women. The selfobjectification was assessed with two subscales of the Objectified Body Consciousness Scale: Body Shame and Body Surveillance. Participants were 812 Italian adults of different age cohorts (age range 21–60 years; 50.7% females recruited via a quota sampling method. Two regression models separately for males and females were performed. Results showed that mass media influence was the strongest predictor for body surveillance and body shame in both men and women, whereas gender-related patterns emerged for physical, psychological, and relational variables with age as moderator.

The Effects of Yoga on Body Dissatisfaction, Self-Objectification, and Mindfulness of the Body in College Women

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Clancy, Sara Elysia

2010-01-01

Previous research on the Objectification Theory suggests that woman may experience self-objectification and body dissatisfaction. Research has demonstrated that yoga is associated with lower self-objectification and lower body dissatisfaction (Daubenmeir, 2005; Impett, Daubenmeir, & Hirschman, 2006) and thus may be a key intervention toward…

Technologies numériques et crise environnementale : peut-on croire aux TIC vertes ?

OpenAIRE

Flipo , Fabrice; Deltour , François; Gossart , Cédric; Dobré , Michelle; Michot , Marion; Berthet , Laurent

2009-01-01

213 p; La prise de conscience d'une crise environnementale majeure ainsi que la numérisation croissante de nos modes de vie constituent deux éléments saillants des transformations actuelles de notre société. Notre étude a pour objectif de mieux comprendre la nature du lien entre ces deux facettes de notre société et questionne les enjeux écologiques des technologies numériques de l'information et de la communication (TNIC). Le terme de " Green IT " ou " TIC vertes " commence à se diffuser, af...

Media models and objectification of men and women

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Chiara Rollero

2013-06-01

Full Text Available Literature on objectification has largely demonstrated the relationship between exposure to objectified media models and body dissatisfaction for women. The aim of the research presented here is to extend the study of the consequences of such exposure - examining both male and female models - in relation to psychological well-being, self-esteem and endorsement of sexist attitudes. 166 university students (51.8% male participated in the study. Results showed that exposure to objectified male models decreases men’s well-being, while exposure to objectified female models not only decreases women’s well-being but also their perception of attractiveness and social esteem. Furthermore, female objectification influences men’s sexism, increasing hostility towards women and at the same time reducing the hostility toward their own gender. The implications are discussed.

Power, Ethnic Origin, and Sexual Objectification

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Ciro Civile

2016-04-01

Full Text Available In this study, we investigated the effects of primed power on sexual objectification of Caucasian and Asian men and women. As in previous studies, sexual objectification was assessed using an inversion paradigm with face–body compound stimuli. Previous work has shown that participants primed to power do not show the typical drop in recognition performance for inverted face–body compound stimuli, suggesting that they process these stimuli in terms of their individual features, in a manner akin to objects, and quite different from the way in which faces and bodies are normally processed (i.e., configurally. Caucasian male and female participants were primed to high or neutral-power before engaging in an old/new recognition task involving sexualized face–body compound images of Caucasian and Asian men and women. Participants primed to high-power showed a decreased inversion effect for Caucasian models of the opposite gender, but not for Asian models. Thus, power exerts different effects on this specific type of social perception, depending on the ethnic origin of the target. We discuss our results in the context of the extant literature on power and with reference to media stereotyping of Caucasians and Asians.

Sociocultural attitudes surrounding menstruation and alternative menstrual products: the explanatory role of self-objectification.

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Grose, Rose Grace; Grabe, Shelly

2014-01-01

We extend objectification theory research to consider the relationship between self-objectification and attitudes toward an alternative menstrual product in a diverse sample of female undergraduates from the United States (N = 151). We use a survey design to investigate attitudes toward one's menstruation as a potential mechanism that may explain this relationship. Reactions to an alternative menstrual product were predominantly negative, supporting prior research on stigma and shame surrounding menstruation. Exploratory structural equation modeling revealed attitudes toward one's menstruation mediated the relationship between self-objectification and participants' reactions to an alternative menstrual product. Implications for women's health are discussed.

Les Cahiers du CREAD

African Journals Online (AJOL)

Admin

aux intérêts objectifs de leurs auteurs sans avoir été expressément conçue à cette fin » (Bourdieu P, (1980). Questions de sociologie, éd, Minuit, Paris, p119). De ce point de vue, notre objectif est de proposer une définition opérationnelle propre, touchant ...... les années comme critères de recrutement pour deux différents.

Body Image across the Life Span in Adult Women: The Role of Self-Objectification.

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Tiggemann, Marika; Lynch, Jessica E.

2001-01-01

Investigated body image across life span in cross-section of women ages 20-84 years. Found that although body dissatisfaction remained stable, self-objectification, habitual body monitoring, appearance anxiety, and disordered eating all significantly decreased with age. Self- objectification mediated the relationship between age and disordered…

Trio of terror (pregnancy, menstruation, and breastfeeding): an existential function of literal self-objectification among women.

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Morris, Kasey Lynn; Goldenberg, Jamie L; Heflick, Nathan A

2014-07-01

Research and theorizing suggest that objectification entails perceiving a person not as a human being but, quite literally, as an object. However, the motive to regard the self as an object is not well understood. The current research tested the hypothesis that literal self-objectification can serve a terror management function. From this perspective, the female body poses a unique existential threat on account of its role in reproduction, and regarding the self as an object is posited to shield women from this threat because objects, in contrast to humans, are not mortal. Across 5 studies, 3 operationalizations of literal self-objectification were employed (a denial of essentially human traits to the self, overlap in the explicit assignment of traits to the self and objects, and implicit associations between self and objects using an implicit association test) in response to 3 aspects of women's bodies involved in reproduction (pregnancy, menstruation, and breastfeeding). In each study, priming mortality led women (but not men, included in Studies 1, 3, 4, and 5) to literally self-objectify in conditions where women's reproductive features were salient. In addition, literal self-objectification was found to mediate subsequent responsiveness to death-related stimuli (Study 4). Together, these findings are the first to demonstrate a direct link between mortality salience, women's role in reproduction, and their self-objectification, supporting an existential function of self-objectification in women.

Case series

African Journals Online (AJOL)

abp

12 mars 2015 ... Notre objectif principal était d'évaluer les résultats préliminaires de la prise en charge des lésions précancéreuses éligibles pour .... CHU de Yaoundé. et les objectifs spécifiques, déterminer le profil sociodémographique des ... Echantillonnage: Le recrutement était consécutif et la taille de l'échantillon a été ...

Out of "Objectification Limelight"? The Contribution of Body Appreciation to Sexual Adjustment in Midlife Women.

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Robbins, Anne-Rose; Reissing, Elke D

2017-10-13

According to objectification theory, women become culturally desexualized during midlife and have the opportunity to let go of their propensity to self-objectify. In young women, self-objectification is negatively related to sexual adjustment. Yet little is known about what could ameliorate this relationship or whether it continues after midlife. Body appreciation (i.e., acceptance and positive regard for the body) has been substantiated as a contributor to improved sexual adjustment in young and older women alike. Hence, this study was designed to examine whether it helps mitigate the deleterious effect of self-objectification on sexual function, satisfaction, and distress in women over the age of 50 (n = 193). Path analyses revealed that self-surveillance is related to body shame and appearance anxiety, the latter of which was related to body self-consciousness during sex. In turn, body self-consciousness during sex mediated the relationship between body shame, appearance anxiety, and all three indicators of sexual adjustment. Furthermore, high body appreciation attenuated the negative associations between self-objectification constructs, body self-consciousness during sex, and sexual satisfaction and distress. Overall, this study supports the use of objectification theory in midlife and older women. Sex therapy interventions that incorporate mindfulness and body appreciation principles are discussed.

Self-objectification, habitual body monitoring, and body dissatisfaction in older European American women: exploring age and feminism as moderators.

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Grippo, Karen P; Hill, Melanie S

2008-06-01

This study examined the influence of feminist attitudes on self-objectification, habitual body monitoring, and body dissatisfaction in middle age and older women. The participants were 138 European American heterosexual women ranging in age from 40 to 87 years old. Consistent with previous research, self-objectification and habitual body monitoring were positively correlated with body dissatisfaction and, self-objectification and habitual body monitoring remained stable across the lifespan. While age did not moderate the relationship between self-objectification and body dissatisfaction, age was found to moderate the relationship between habitual body monitoring and body dissatisfaction such that the relationship was smaller for older women than for middle-aged women. Interestingly, feminist attitudes were not significantly correlated with body dissatisfaction, self-objectification, or habitual body monitoring, and endorsement of feminist attitudes was not found to moderate the relationship between self-objectification or habitual body monitoring and body dissatisfaction. Potential implications for older women are discussed.

Self-objectification, weight bias internalization, and binge eating in young women: Testing a mediational model.

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Mehak, Adrienne; Friedman, Aliza; Cassin, Stephanie E

2018-03-01

Self-objectification and weight bias internalization are two internalization processes that are positively correlated with binge eating among young women. However, the mechanisms underlying these relationships are understudied. Consistent with objectification theory, this study examined appearance anxiety and body shame as mediators between self-objectification, weight bias internalization and binge eating. Female undergraduates (N=102) completed self-report measures of self-objectification, weight bias internalization, appearance anxiety, body shame, and binge eating. Results indicated that women who self-objectified and internalized negative weight-related attitudes reported greater binge eating (r s =.43 and r s =.57, respectively) and these associations were mediated by the combined effects of body shame and appearance anxiety. The contrast between the two mediators was also significant, such that body shame emerged as a stronger mediator within both mediational models. Results demonstrated that these internalization processes contribute to negative affect in young women, which may in turn lead to binge eating. Copyright © 2018 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Short communication

African Journals Online (AJOL)

abp

22 oct. 2013 ... Notre objectif est d'évaluer l'indice de masse corporelle (IMC) pour estimer les ... which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the .... Prs Annick Robinson, Olivat Rakoto Alson et.

Weltliche Einflüsse in der Notre-Dame-Musik? Überlegungen zu einer Klausel im Codex F

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Büttner, Fred

2002-12-01

Full Text Available The unlimited validity of the rectilinear evolution that, according to Friedrich Ludwig, led from Notre Dame Clausula to Latin and thenceforth to French Motet was most recently questioned by Wolf Frobenius in his article "Zum genetischen Verhältnis zwischen Notre-Dame-Klauseln und ihren Motetten" (1987. Nevertheless, Frobenius does not thoroughly examine the pieces concerned, with hardly more far-reaching conclusions being attached to the priority claimed for many French Motets when comparing their concordances as Clausula and Latin Motet. With a setting of the choral melisma "ne" (Sm8 - already used by Ludwig in order to substantiate his estimation of the historical precedence of the Clausula - as an example, the point of view held by Frobenius is therefore once again subjected to critical scrutiny. Thus several traits can be established in the specifics of the Clausula that point to the field of secular music. Although this corroborates the considerations made by Frobenius, on the other hand such a result will open up new perspectives for further research into the School of Notre Dame.

[de] Spätestens durch den Aufsatz „Zum genetischen Verhältnis zwischen Notre-Dame-Klauseln und ihren Motetten" von Wolf Frobenius (1987 wurde die uneingeschränkte Gültigkeit des geradlinigen Entwicklungsgangs, den Friedrich Ludwig von der Notre-Dame-Klausel über die lateinische bis zur franzosischen Motette zeichnete, in Frage gestellt. Jedoch bleibt Frobenius eine gründliche Untersuchung der betreffenden Stücke ebenso schuldig, wie auch an die behauptete Priorität vieler französischer Motetten gegenüber ihren Konkordanzen als Klausel und lateinische Motette kaum weiterreichende Schlußfolgerungen geknüpft werden. Anhand des „Ne"-Satzes Sm8, den bereits Ludwig exemplarisch hervorhob, um seine Auffassung von der Klausel als ältestem Stadium zu belegen, wird deshalb die Sichtweise von Frobenius noch einmal auf ihre Stichhaltigkeit �

Exploring the relationship between appearance-contingent self-worth and self-esteem: The roles of self-objectification and appearance anxiety.

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Adams, Katherine E; Tyler, James M; Calogero, Rachel; Lee, Jenifer

2017-12-01

Previous work has shown that both an appearance-contingent self-worth (i.e., staking one's overall self-evaluation on one's physical appearance) and self-objectification are associated with higher appearance anxiety and lower self-esteem among women. Although prior evidence separately links both appearance-contingent self-worth and self-objectification to these negative outcomes, no work has examined the mediating processes that may underlie this relationship. With the current project, we examined the relationship between appearance-contingent self-worth and self-objectification, and the degree to which this relationship is associated with higher appearance anxiety and lower overall self-esteem. We hypothesized that appearance-contingent self-worth would be positively associated with self-objectification; in turn, we expected self-objectification to be related to higher appearance anxiety, and ultimately, lower self-esteem. Across two studies, one cross-sectional (N=208) and one short-term longitudinal (N=191), we found compelling support for this hypothesis. These findings have practical and theoretical significance for both the self-objectification and contingent self-worth literatures. Published by Elsevier Ltd.

Vaccination contre l'hepatite B chez les patients infectes par le VIH ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

Objectif : Les objectifs de notre étude étaient de décrire les profils d'immunisation contre le VHB des patients VIH positifs non porteurs d'Ag HBs et d'identifier les patients successibles d'être vaccinés contre l'hépatite B. Matériels et méthodes : Il s'était agi d'une étude transversale, descriptive qui s'était déroulée du 1er ...

Notre top 9 des films anglophones de 2015

OpenAIRE

Roche, David; Souladié, Vincent

2016-01-01

Il y a eu beaucoup de bons films au cours de cette année 2015, mais peu de grands films. L’an dernier, certains des longs-métrages présentés ci-dessous n’auraient sans doute pas figuré dans notre liste. Quelques cinéastes de renom ont réalisé des films tout à fait honorables : avec Bridge of Spies (Le Pont des espions, USA/Allemagne), Steven Spielberg prolonge les questionnements juridico-éthiques de Saving Private Ryan (Il faut sauver le soldat Ryan, 1998) et de Lincoln (2012) à travers une ...

gestion d'une agence de voyage selon le modele client/serveur avec swing et mySQL

OpenAIRE

BELGACEM, Hicham; BOUAZZA, Mohammed Reda

2014-01-01

L’objectif de ce modeste travail est le développement d'une application Client/serveur pour la gestion d’une agence de voyage en se basant sur SWING et MySQL. Dans le premier chapitre de notre rapport nous avons présenté les outils misent en place pour la réalisation de notre application, en commençant par le langage Java utilisés sous Netbeans, MySQL pour la gestion de base de données et phpMyAdmin pour créer la BDD. Le deuxième chapitre est consacré à la présentation de notre...

Chapitre 2. Des télévisions hertziennes aux télévisions satellitaires dans les pays arabes

OpenAIRE

Guaaybess, Tourya

2013-01-01

Notre champ d’observation dans ce chapitre est le système télévisuel arabe, intimement lié au territoire arabe. C’est essentiellement dans la région arabe que se rencontrent les flux télévisuels des nouvelles chaînes de télévision, toujours plus nombreuses. Géographiquement, cette région est limitée par la Méditerranée, la Turquie, l’Iran, l’Océan indien, l’Éthiopie, les pays de l’Afrique noire et l’Atlantique ; elle regroupe près de 272 millions d’habitants sur 14 millions de km. Sur le plan...

Female public Jordanian university undergraduate students' intentions and attitudes toward breastfeeding: application of self-objectification theory.

Science.gov (United States)

Al-Ali, Nahla; Hatamleh, Reem; Khader, Yousef

2013-11-01

Breastfeeding is the natural way of feeding infants and an important public health issue. Representation women as sexual objects by highlighting their bodies as mainly for the desire of men causes women to prioritise their physical appearance and internalise sexual objectification of their bodies. Such ideologies make women less comfortable to accept other functions of their bodies such as the reproductive functions, including breastfeeding and childbirth. To describe, in a sample of female undergraduate students, attitudes toward breastfeeding, level of self-objectification and to examine whether women's attitudes and the intention of breastfeeding is related to the level of self-objectification. An exploratory, cross-sectional design was used. All female undergraduate university students, attending a large university in the Northern part of Jordan were eligible to participate. A convenience sample of 600 female students from both health professional and non-health professional schools were invited to complete a self-administered questionnaire designed to collect data on students' intentions and attitudes toward breastfeeding and self-objectification, with a response rate of 82.6% (n=496). Ethical approval was obtained from the Scientific Research Board of the Jordan University of Science and Technology prior to the start of the study. The majority of the students gave favourable responses towards the attitude statements and reported a commitment to breastfeeding Students' attitudes toward breastfeeding correlated significantly with self-objectification. Participants with negative attitudes towards breastfeeding were more likely to internalise and accept the socio-cultural attitudes towards appearance (r = -0.098, p = 0.029). Participants' intention to breastfeed correlated negatively with self-objectification and those who intended to breastfeed were more likely to reject the socio-cultural attitudes towards the "apearance" subscale (r = 0.097, p = 0.031). The

Stranger Harassment ("Piropo") and Women's Self-Objectification: The Role of Anger, Happiness, and Empowerment.

Science.gov (United States)

Moya-Garófano, Alba; Rodríguez-Bailón, Rosa; Moya, Miguel; Megías, Jesús L

2018-03-01

According to objectification theory, women's habitual exposure to sexually objectifying situations can lead them to internalize a third-person perspective of themselves in physical terms, leading women to adopt an observer's viewpoint of themselves as a body or collection of body parts that is valued principally for use or consumption by others (i.e., self-objectification). The frequency and/or intensity of situations of female objectification have generally been studied as precedents of self-objectification. Our research analyzes whether direct exposure to a particular objectifying situation, as in the case of verbal stranger harassment (called piropos in Spain), could have these same effects. We tested the consequences of exposure to piropos (vs. a control situation) on body surveillance and body shame in a sample of 329 Spanish women. The impact of verbal harassment on women's anger, anxiety, happiness, and sense of empowerment was also analyzed. The results of a moderated mediation analysis showed that exposure to piropos increased body shame through body surveillance but only in women who reacted to the piropo with happiness, empowerment, or low levels of anger. The negative effects that objectifying situations (e.g., stranger harassment) may have on women, and the importance of women's reactions and perceptions of such situations are discussed.

Is Self-Objectification Related to Interoceptive Awareness? An Examination of Potential Mediating Pathways to Disordered Eating Attitudes

Science.gov (United States)

Myers, Taryn A.; Crowther, Janis H.

2008-01-01

Although there has been considerable empirical support for Objectification Theory (Fredrickson & Roberts, 1997), findings have been mixed regarding self-objectification's relationship to interoceptive awareness, an awareness of one's internal physical and emotional states. We examined whether interoceptive awareness mediated the relationship…

Fathers, daughters, and self-objectification: does bonding style matter?

Science.gov (United States)

Miles-McLean, Haley; Liss, Miriam; Erchull, Mindy J

2014-09-01

As women are exposed to objectification and the "male gaze," they self-objectify, which predicts negative psychological outcomes. Given the centrality of the "male gaze," positive father/child relationships may have a buffering effect. In this study, women (N=447) completed a survey measuring paternal bonding (care and overprotection), self-objectification, negative eating attitudes, and depression. Women were categorized into four groups based on bonding style. Analyses indicated an interaction such that women who reported high care and low overprotection reported the fewest negative eating attitudes. A path model was tested for each group. The fit of the high care/high overprotection group's model significantly differed from that of the high care/low overprotection group. The relationships between body surveillance and shame as well as between shame and negative eating attitudes were stronger in the former group. These findings suggest that caring but overprotective fathers may exacerbate the negative effects of body surveillance and shame. Copyright © 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Role of Sexual Objectification Experiences and Internalization of Standards of Beauty in Eating Disorder Symptomatology: A Test and Extension of Objectification Theory

Science.gov (United States)

Moradi, Bonnie; Dirks, Danielle; Matteson, Alicia V.

2005-01-01

This study extends the literature on eating disorder symptomatology by testing, based on extant literature on objectification theory (B. L. Fredrickson & T. Roberts, 1997) and the role of sociocultural standards of beauty (e.g., L. J. Heinberg, J. K. Thompson, & S. Stormer, 1995), a model that examines (a) links of reported sexual objectification…

Sexual Objectification of Women: Clinical Implications and Training Considerations

Science.gov (United States)

Szymanski, Dawn M.; Carr, Erika R.; Moffitt, Lauren B.

2011-01-01

This article focuses on the implications of theory and empirical research on the sexual objectification of women. Drawing largely from the American Psychological Association's 2007 "Guidelines for Psychological Practice With Girls and Women," the 2007 "Report of the American Psychological Association's Task Force on the Sexualization of Girls,"…

Compétences interactionnelles et métier de service en restauration : les enjeux méthodologiques d’un corpus complexe

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Alcade-Lebrun Céline

2015-01-01

Full Text Available Notre contribution aborde la problématique méthodologique des choix effectués déterminant les modalités d’approche du terrain et de recueil de données. Dans un premier temps, nous replaçons notre étude dans le triple contexte, scientifique, éducatif, et professionnel, qui en a fait émerger son impérativité, ainsi que les partenaires qui en ont été à l’origine et les objectifs qui lui ont été assignés. Nous envisageons ensuite les contraintes et spécificités auxquelles nous avons été confrontée dans notre démarche de constitution de corpus pour mener à bien notre recherche, et développons les caractéristiques originales sur lesquelles est basé le dispositif de recueil de données hétérogènes adopté, en mettant en lumière les choix auxquels il a répondu, les questions éthiques et méthodologiques que ce dispositif a générées, et l’exploitation de données qu’il a permis de réaliser. Dans un troisième temps, nous explicitons de quelle manière, en plusieurs étapes successives et sur le long terme, le processus de production de données a fait évoluer notre questionnement de recherche dans la perspective de nos objectifs d’étude. Cette analyse nous permet finalement de considérer la question de l’articulation et du traitement des différents types de données en faveur d’une cohérence globale de notre étude.

Définition et révision d'une stratégie de développement industriel

OpenAIRE

Choffray, Jean-Marie; Wagner, Philippe

1983-01-01

L'objet de cet article est de présenter une approche nouvelle de définition et de révision de la stratégie d'une entreprise, reposant sur l'utilisation de l'Analyse des Processus Hiérarchiques. Nous présentons le modèle permettant de mesurer les priorités à établir entre les différents objectifs et actions possibles à chaque niveau de la hiérarchie. Peer reviewed

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African Journals Online (AJOL)

daddy

Serum Lipids and Glucose Abnormalities in HIV/AIDS Patients on. Antiretroviral Therapies ... aux soins de notre centre. OBJECTIF: Pour déterminer la prévalence et la structure de la .... and classification of DM6 as FPG > 6.1 mmol/L but <7.0 ...

Informations et satisfactions de l'accouchement dystocique : à propos de 85 patientes ayant eu recours à une extraction instrumentale ou à une césarienne en urgence à terme

OpenAIRE

Dupré, Laura

2012-01-01

Introduction : Actuellement, en France, 33.1% des accouchements nécessitent l'intervention de l'obstétricien pour une extraction instrumentale ou une césarienne en urgence. Le caractère imprévisible et urgent des situations obstétricales per partum est susceptible de modifier la satisfaction maternelle et du couple. Les cours de PNP représentent un moyen d'information préalable des patientes face à ce type de naissance. Objectifs : L'objectif principal de notre étude était d'évaluer le nombre...

27 Etude comparative de la compacité expérimentale et ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

Moussa

objectif de notre recherche ... Par définition la compacité virtuelle est inaccessible à l'expérience et à partir de la formule (1) on remarque .... l'optimisation granulaire par des modèles théoriques constitue un bon outil d'étude des empilements.

Can self-esteem protect against the deleterious consequences of self-objectification for mood and body satisfaction in physically active female university students?

Science.gov (United States)

Thøgersen-Ntoumani, Cecilie; Ntoumanis, Nikos; Cumming, Jennifer; Bartholomew, Kimberley J; Pearce, Gemma

2011-04-01

Using objectification theory (Fredrickson & Roberts, 1997), this study tested the interaction between self-objectification, appearance evaluation, and self-esteem in predicting body satisfaction and mood states. Participants (N = 93) were physically active female university students. State self-objectification was manipulated by participants wearing tight revealing exercise attire (experimental condition) or baggy exercise clothes (control condition). Significant interactions emerged predicting depression, anger, fatness, and satisfaction with body shape and size. For participants in the self-objectification condition who had low (as opposed to high) appearance evaluation, low self-esteem was associated with high depression, anger, and fatness and low satisfaction with body shape and size. In contrast, for participants with high self-esteem, these mood and body satisfaction states were more favorable irrespective of their levels of appearance evaluation. For female exercisers, self-esteem-enhancing strategies may protect against some of the negative outcomes of self-objectification.

Syndrome de Gougerot-Sjögren primitif du sujet âgé ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

Les objectifs de notre etude est d'etudier les caracteristiques cliniques et immunologiques du syndrome de Gougerot Sjogren primitif (SGSp) du sujet age et les comparer a une population temoin plus jeune. Nous avons analyse retrospectivement les dossiers de 60 patients atteints de SGSp consecutifs, suivis au service de ...

The Naturalized Nation: Anchoring, Objectification and Naturalized Social Representations of History

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Eemeli Hakoköngäs

2016-12-01

Full Text Available This study focuses on the connection between social representations of history and collective memory from the perspective of elementary concepts of social representations theory: anchoring, objectification and naturalization. The aims of the study are to arrive at a conceptual clarity of this connection and demonstrate how to apply basic concepts of social representations theory to the study of collective memory. The study also focuses on the naturalized characteristics of Finnish history. The data consist of the covers of twenty Finnish history books between the years 1965 and 2014. All the covers are embellished with typography or visual images. The covers were analysed using a semiotic approach in which the interest is in the description (denotation, the associations (connotation and the meaning system these construe (myth. The analysis shows how national history is concretized with visual images (objectification, how the meaning of representation is conveyed (anchoring and how collective memory is maintained (naturalization, transmitted and shaped during the years. The results show how the stable collective memories and changing social representations of history are interacting. The most frequently used visual element was the colour blue, which alludes to the Finnish flag, a symbol of the nation that represents the core of Finnish history. The study suggests that it is possible to conceptualize collective memories as naturalized social representations of history. It shows how processes of anchoring and objectification serve as tools of collective memory and how the naturalized conceptions are subtly changed. In addition, the study develops the use of visual semiotic analysis in social representations research.

Au XXIème siècle, qui sont les patients dialysés souffrant d'une hyperparathyroïdie secondaire sévère ? Cohorte prospective, multicentrique de patients dialysés, incidents pour l'hyperparathyroïdie secondaire. EPHEYL (Etude PHarmacoEpidémiologique de l'hYperparathyroïdie secondaire en Lorraine)

OpenAIRE

Thomas-Laurain , Emmanuelle

2013-01-01

Non disponible / Not available; L'hyperparathyroïdie secondaire (HPTS) est une complication fréquente de l'insuffisance rénale chronique. Mais son diagnostic et sa prise en charge sont encore complexes et mal codifiés. Dans notre étude, nous faisons l'hypothèse que la population de patients atteints d'HPTS est hétérogène. L'objectif de notre étude était d'identifier des sous-groupes de patients présentant un profil d'HPTS commun à partir des données cliniques, biologiques et thérapeutiques di...

Complications thromboemboliques apres catheterisme veineux ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

L' objectif de notre etude a ete de determiner la survenue de thrombose veineuse chez les patients hemodialyses porteurs de catheter veineux femoral et d'en preciser les facteurs favorisants. 11 s'agissait d'une etude retrospective sur 18 mois incluant tousles patients ayant beneficie de la pose d'un catheter veineux ...

La Contribution de la Qualité dans l’Education Pour Tous En Afrique Subsaharienne: Une analyse basée sur l’approche Shapley-Owen-Shorrocks

OpenAIRE

Romuald Foueka

2017-01-01

Contexte: Il est devenu évident que dans les pays africains, le droit à l’éducation ne devait pas se limiter au droit d’être admis à l’école. Dès lors, le défi d’améliorer l’éducation en Afrique subsaharienne comprenait non seulement une dimension quantitative mais aussi une dimension qualitative. Objectif: Ainsi, notre étude avait pour objectif principal d’estimer la contribution de la qualité de l’éducation dans le développement de l’éducation pour tous (EPT) en Afrique francophone subsa...

Self-Objectification, Disordered Eating, and Depression: A Test of Mediational Pathways

Science.gov (United States)

Peat, Christine M.; Muehlenkamp, Jennifer J.

2011-01-01

Objectification theory asserts that poor interoceptive awareness and features of anxiety, such as social anxiety, may be two potential mechanisms that place women at risk for both eating disorders and depression. Existing research supports this theory; however, few studies have examined the extent to which these two constructs may serve as…

iObjectify: Self‐ and other‐objectification on grindr, a geosocial networking application designed for men who have sex with men.

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Anderson, Joel R.; Holland, Elise; Koc, Yasin; Haslam, Nick

2018-01-01

Grindr is a smartphone application for men who have sex with men (MSM). Despite its reputation as a ‘hook‐up app’, little is known about its users' self‐presentation strategies and how this relates to objectification. This article explores objectification on Grindr. The results of Study 1 showed

Recours therapeutique en pediatrie: place de l'automedication chez ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

L'itineraire therapeutique fait reference aux parcours utilises par les individus pour !'obtention de soins en developpant des strategies les mettant en relation avec divers lieux de traitements. L' objectif de notre travail etait d'etudier les itineraires therapeutiques des enfants rei(US au CHUP CDG. 11 s'est agi d'une etude ...

Analyse de la croissance de Gymnogongrus patens Agardh de la ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

AKA Boko

Le suivi de la croissance in situ de cette espèce est indispensable pour son exploitation industrielle au Maroc. Dans le cadre d'un programme de recherche pour la valorisation des carraghénophytes marocains, notre travail a eu pour objectif d'étudier la biologie en milieu naturel de l'espèce Gymnogongrus patens.

Research Article

African Journals Online (AJOL)

1 janv. 2017 ... propre. L'objectif de notre travail est d'étudier l'impact de l'invasion des systèmes modernes d'irrigation (réalisation du barrage de Djorf Torba, la propagation anarchique et irrationnelle des motopompes) sur l'utilisation des techniques ancestrales de captage et de partage des eaux dans l'oasis de Kerzaz, ...

Central Asia | Page 3 | IDRC - International Development Research ...

International Development Research Centre (IDRC) Digital Library (Canada)

Read more about Call for civil registration and vital statistics systems experts. Language English. Photo: Dominic Chavez / Banque mondiale. Read more about Atteindre les objectifs de développement durable [ODD] liés à la santé – Pourquoi nous avons besoin d'opérer des changements importants dans notre façon de ...

Pyélonéphrite Emphysémateuse Avec Une Issue Favorable Après ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

28 août 2011 ... 1Service d'Urologie, 2Service de Radio Hôpital militaire Avicenne,. Marrakech, Maroc. RÉSUMÉ. Introduction: La pyélonéphrite emphysémateuse est une infection nécrotique du rein dont la sanction est le plus souvent radicale. Objectif: Notre propos est de montrer que le traitement conservateur pourrait ...

Objectification of people and thoughts: An attitude change perspective.

Science.gov (United States)

Briñol, Pablo; Petty, Richard E; Belding, Jennifer

2017-06-01

Many objectification phenomena can be understood from a mind-body dualism perspective in which the more people focus on their bodies, the less they focus on their minds. Instead of viewing mind and body in opposition to each other, we advocate for a more reciprocal view in which mind and body work in conjunction. Consistent with an integrated mind-body approach, we begin our review by describing research on embodied persuasion revealing that focusing on our own body can reduce but also increase thinking (elaboration), as well as affecting the use of thoughts in forming evaluations (validation). Next, we extend our integrated view to a new domain and suggest that physical objects can influence thoughts and that one's thoughts can also be objectified. The first portion of this section focuses on research on enclothed cognition revealing that wearing physical objects can operate through the same processes of elaboration (increasing and decreasing thinking) and validation (increasing and decreasing thought usage) as the body. The second portion reveals that thoughts can be understood and treated as if they were physical objects affecting evaluative processes by influencing elaboration and validation processes. The final section provides some practical guidance relevant to campaigns designed to reduce the objectification of women and the infrahumanization of stigmatized groups. © 2017 The British Psychological Society.

Conference - Découvrez notre région - Aux bornes de Genève

CERN Multimedia

Staff Association

2016-01-01

  Les premières bornes-frontière sont posées en 1816 aux confins du royaume de Sardaigne, d’autres feront leur apparition dès 1818 du côté du royaume de France. Deux cents ans plus tard, on retrouve toujours ces pierres, témoins de la naissance du canton et patrimoine partagé des communes genevoises, gessiennes et savoisiennes qui font notre région.  

Synthèse de quelques hybrides antioxydants-peptidomimétiques

OpenAIRE

GHAFFOUR, Hafsa

2015-01-01

La plupart des antioxydants de synthèse ou d’origine naturelle possèdent des groupements hydroxyphénoliques (notre exemple est la vanilline).Dans notre travail, nous avons pris la glycine et la L-cystéine (acide aminé soufré) dans le but de coupler chacun de ces derniers avec la vanilline. Cette étude a comme objectifs de réunir dans un seul composé (composé D ou D’) les propriétés bénéfiques de chaque fragment (A, B, et E).Le premier travail consiste à synthétiser le compos...

Body Guilt: Preliminary Evidence for a Further Subjective Experience of Self-Objectification

Science.gov (United States)

Calogero, Rachel M.; Pina, Afroditi

2011-01-01

Two studies investigated body guilt (i.e., feeling regret and remorse over how the body looks and a desire for reparative action to "fix" the body) within the framework of objectification theory among predominantly White British undergraduate women. In Study 1 (N = 225), participants completed self-report measures of interpersonal sexual…

Extending Sexual Objectification Theory and Research to Minority Populations, Couples, and Men

Science.gov (United States)

Heimerdinger-Edwards, Sarah R.; Vogel, David L.; Hammer, Joseph H.

2011-01-01

This reaction highlights several strengths of this major contribution and discusses some future directions in this line of research. The authors offer research ideas in the areas of cultural and cross-cultural issues, couples and relationships, as well as direct and indirect effects of sexual objectification on men. In terms of providing…

Self-objectification, feminist activism and conformity to feminine norms among female vegetarians, semi-vegetarians, and non-vegetarians.

Science.gov (United States)

Brinkman, Britney G; Khan, Aliya; Edner, Benjamin; Rosén, Lee A

2014-01-01

Recent research has suggested that vegetarians may be at an increased risk for developing disordered eating or body image issues when compared to non-vegetarians. However, the results of such studies are mixed, and no research has explored potential connections between vegetarianism and self-objectification. In the current study, the authors examine factors that predicted body surveillance, body shame, and appearance control beliefs; three aspects of self-objectification. Surveys were completed by 386 women from the United States who were categorized as vegetarian, semi-vegetarian, or non-vegetarian. The three groups differed regarding dietary motivations, levels of feminist activism, and body shame, but did not differ on their conformity to feminine norms. While conformity to feminine norms predicted body surveillance and body shame levels among all three groups of women, feminist activism predicted appearance control beliefs among non-vegetarians only. These findings suggest that it is important for researchers and clinicians to distinguish among these three groups when examining the relationship between vegetarianism and self-objectification. Copyright © 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Développer et personnaliser les compétences info-communicationnelles des enseignants de français langue étrangère – un impératif face à une mutation des publics apprenant au Centre du Vietnam

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

HOANG Thi Thu Hanh

2016-12-01

Full Text Available Selon notre témoignage, le nombre d’apprenants de FLE au centre du Vietnam ne baisse pas mais les objectifs et les motivations ont changé et bien varié. Vu les débouchés francophones, il y a moins d’étudiants qui choisissent comme leur première option d’études universitaires les sciences du langage français et la didactique du FLE, mais de plus en plus nombreux sont ceux qui étudient le français comme un moyen de se professionnaliser et ou pour un objectif personnel (étudier ou faire un stage dans un pays francophone, consulter les documents en français, communiquer avec la clientèle francophone, participer à des réseaux sociaux, etc.. Cette situation témoigne d’une évolution des attentes où s’expriment un pouvoir d’action élargie et l’intégration dans un monde global largement numérisé. Se dessine ainsi progressivement une nouvelle voie pour l’apprentissage du FLE,résultat d’une convergence entre notre héritage culturel complexe et un milieu technique devenu un lieu de sociabilité sans précédent. Ces dernières années, plusieurs courants de pensée se sont intéressés à l’essor des TICE et à l’explosion des pratiques info-communicationnelles. Deux concepts dominent : l’information litéracy anglo-saxonne et nord-américaine et la culture de l’information francophone et européenne. La première, plus utilitariste, est centrée sur l’opérationnel dans une société de la connaissance ; la seconde propose de sortir d’une vision techniciste de la communication et vise le développement non seulement de compétences mais aussi de connaissances pour un monde ouvert. Compétences et connaissances que les enseignants doivent dorénavant maitriser avant de les transmettre.

(216-IJBCS-Article-A B Béchir)

African Journals Online (AJOL)

RHUMSIKI

L'objectif de cette étude a été d'analyser les variations saisonnières des ressources .... Tableau 1: Caractéristiques climatiques des saisons selon les agro-éleveurs et éleveurs du Tchad. Type de saison en ..... pour illustrer au mieux la situation globale dans notre ... ses limites dans un environnement sahélien soumis entre ...

Etude de l'activité antifongique d'extraits de Cymbopogon citratus ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

Cependant, l'introduction des pesticides bio s'avère une alternative judicieuse et moins onéreuse pour la production, d'où l'objectif de notre étude qui était de promouvoir l'efficacité des extrait aqueux et huiles essentiels de quelques plantes locales dans la lutte contre les microorganismes. A travers la méthode de la ...

Waardeoordelen in gesprekken. Een pragmatische studie van het Frans gesproken door Nederlanders

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Pouw, Adrianus Henricus Maria

1990-01-01

Notre objectif est l'élaboration d'un modele qui puisse servir a l'analyse du discours de langue étrangere (LE). Pour caractériser la compétence discursive du locuteur de LE nous cherchons a définer ce qui distingue le langage du discours en LE de celui du discours en langue premiere (L1). ... Zie:

Santé sexuelle et reproductive des adolescentes de Bobo Dioulasso ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

Introduction: Les adolescentes sont très vulnérables face aux Infections Sexuellement Transmissibles (IST) et au VIH/SIDA. Notre étude a pour objectifs ... Vingt (20) adolescentes scolarisées ont été tirés au sort dans trois établissements secondaires et 20 autres non scolarisées choisies de façon accidentelle dans la ville.

Integrating Social Entrepreneurship with Service and Experiential Learning: A Case Study at the University of Notre Dame

Science.gov (United States)

Paulsen, Melissa A.

2012-01-01

The Gigot Center for Entrepreneurship, supported by the Mendoza College of Business at the University of Notre Dame, launched a Microventuring Certificate Program in the fall of 2006, designed to engage upper-level undergraduate business and nonbusiness students in the provision of technical assistance and other consulting services to low-income…

Esthesioneuroblastome : dilemme diagnostic et challenge ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

Introduction : L'esthésioneuroblastome est une tumeur maligne rare des fosses nasales. Il s'agit d'une tumeur agressive et récidivante dont le traitement est controversé. Notre objectif est de décrire les particularités diagnostiques et les actualités thérapeutiques de cette tumeur. Matériels et méthode : Etude rétrospective sur ...

Contributions of Social Comparison and Self-Objectification in Mediating Associations Between Facebook Use and Emergent Adults' Psychological Well-Being.

Science.gov (United States)

Hanna, Emily; Ward, L Monique; Seabrook, Rita C; Jerald, Morgan; Reed, Lauren; Giaccardi, Soraya; Lippman, Julia R

2017-03-01

Although Facebook was created to help people feel connected with each other, data indicate that regular usage has both negative and positive connections to well-being. To explore these mixed results, we tested the role of social comparison and self-objectification as possible mediators of the link between Facebook use and three facets of psychological well-being: self-esteem, mental health, and body shame. Participants were 1,104 undergraduate women and men who completed surveys assessing their Facebook usage (minutes, passive use, and active use), social comparison, self-objectification, and well-being. Data were analyzed using structural equation modeling, testing separate models for women and men. Models for each gender fit the data well. For women and men, Facebook use was associated with greater social comparison and greater self-objectification, which, in turn, was each related to lower self-esteem, poorer mental health, and greater body shame. Mediated models provided better fits to the data than models testing direct pathways to the mediators and well-being variables. Implications are discussed for young people's social media use, and future directions are provided.

Objectification of Anxiety and Depressive Disorders and Substantiation of Their Correction in Gastroenterological Patients

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

S.V. Kosinskaya

2013-11-01

which corresponds to clinically significant categories, by scale of depression (9.20 ± 3.61 — to subclinical one. Personal high anxiety had 62.5 %, and high reactive anxiety — 65.6 % of patients. Objectification of anxiety and depressive disorders enable the reasonable approach to the choice of therapy.

Alimentation des nourrissons reçus a la vaccination au Togo ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

Introduction : l'amélioration de l'état nutritionnel, de la santé et du développement des nourrissons dépend des pratiques de leur alimentation. L'objectif de notre étude a été d'évaluer l'alimentation des nourrissons de 2 à 6 mois apparemment sains reçus en vaccination dans le service de pédiatrie du CHU Sylvanus ...

Le VIH chez le malade neurologique aux CHU de Lome ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

Etude prospective à propos de 397 malades hospitalisés du 1er Janvier au 31 Décembre 2015. Objectifs: Evaluer l'évolution de la séroprévalence hospitalière et les manifestations cliniques neurologiques de l'infection à VIH. Méthodologie: Notre étude s'est déroulée du 1er Janvier au 31 Décembre 2015 dans les services ...

Distribution épidémiologique de l'infection à VIH chez les femmes ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

Introduction: le Cameroun se situe dans un contexte d'épidémie généralisée du VIH. La sous-population des femmes enceintes, facilement accessible au sein de la population générale, représente une cible robante pour mener la surveillance du VIH et estimer l'évolution épidémiologique. L'objectif de notre étude était ...

Un cas d'angiosarcome de l'oreille externe | Issara | Pan African ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

L'angiosarcome de l'oreille est une tumeur maligne très rare, et localement très agressive. Elle représente 4-5% des sarcomes cutanés et moins de 1% de tous les sarcomes. Notre objectif est de décrire et de discuter les modalités diagnostiques et thérapeutiques de cette tumeur maligne. A travers le cas clinique d'une ...

Contribution à la théorie du capital humain : Les bénéfices à court ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

Les enfants scolarisés communiquent-ils à leurs parents paysans des connaissances reçues de l'école ? C'est la problématique de notre étude qui se fixe pour objectif de revisiter la théorie classique du capital humain, plus singulièrement dans le registre du délai des bénéfices que l'on en tire (court ou long terme).

African Journal of Neurological Sciences - 2009 Vol. 28 No 1

African Journals Online (AJOL)

L'objectif de ce travail est d'étudier les aspects épidémiologiques, phénotypiques et évolutifs de la maladie épileptique dans une cohorte d'enfants au Sénégal. 2. .... paradoxal mais s'explique par un double fait: les conditions de recrutement de notre série étaient que les enfants soient régulièrement suivis depuis au moins ...

Fonctionnalisation de la bentonite traitement et applications à léxtraction des colorants et colorants pour mordants.

OpenAIRE

MOULESSEHOUL, Hidayet

2015-01-01

L'objectif de notre étude est d'améliorer les propriétés de désorption de la bentonite vis à vis les colorants qui sont classés parmi les plus toxiques. La première partie du travail concerne la préparation et la caractérisation des bentonites modifiées avec les sels de diphosphate (porte-parapluie)TPhPMB.

Les infections urinaires chez les patients insuffisants rénaux ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

L'infection urinaire chez l'insuffisant rénal est fréquente et particulière dans sa prise en charge diagnostique et thérapeutique. L'objectif de notre étude est de déterminer le profil bactériologique et d'étudier les facteurs de risque des infections urinaires chez le patient insuffisant rénal chronique en milieu de néphrologie.

ETUDE DE LA DISTRIBUTION DES CATIONS ECHANGEABLES

African Journals Online (AJOL)

SEI Joseph

D'autre part, à cause de la corrélation directe entre l'étendue des inondations et les quantités de poissons et de pâturages fournies par la plaine, il y a eu dégradation des ... aux changements climatiques en zone sahélienne du Cameroun. Un des objectifs de notre étude était de préciser le comportement des agriculteurs ...

REFERENTIELS D’ACTIVITE ET DE COMPETENCES EN KINESITHERAPIE: BASES DE L’INGENIERIE ET DE LA RECONNAISSANCE DE LA PROFESSION

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Lacramioara Manole

2009-12-01

Full Text Available L’utilité et la valeur ajoutée de la kinésithérapie pour la société roumaine renvoie au projet de société de notre pays et à la place qu’elle réserve à la santé. Aujourd’hui il s’agit de proposer un «projet de la Kinésithérapie » pour notre société en retour du projet que la société réserve à la Kinésithérapie.Cette question d’intérêt général doit être construite en tenant compte de tous les acteurs, décideurs, chercheurs et plus particulièrement des patients.Nous voyons tous les jours notre société bouger et en même temps la conception de la santé change. Si pendant longtemps la santé se caractérisait par l’absence de maladies’ aujourd’hui nous voyons émerger une vision plus subjective, plus individuelle fondée sur de « nouveaux rapports à la vie ». Nous constatons que la santé est devenue une véritable obsession de l’homme moderne. Les progrès technologiques, l’accroissement de l’espérance de vie et l’envie du mieux-être ont déplacé la frontière entre le normal et le pathologique.Pour notre société l’objectif de la Kinésithérapie c’est de ré-insèrer le patient dans son contexte familial et professionnel afin que lui-même puisse assurer ses missions d’acteur social.La question est alors de savoir ce que fait le Kinésithérapeute - référentiel d’activités - et ce que lasociété attend du Kinésithérapeute - référentiel de compétences – pour s’inscrire dans cette nouvelle vision de la Santé.Pour répondre à cette question nous proposons une approche sociologique scientifique par la description des référentiels qui sont à la base de la Kinésithérapie. Ces référentiels sont « des schémas d’intelligibilité construits en vue d’une identification à partir d’une analyse de situation ». ( J. Ardoino, France .

Expand Your Horizon: A programme that improves body image and reduces self-objectification by training women to focus on body functionality.

Science.gov (United States)

Alleva, Jessica M; Martijn, Carolien; Van Breukelen, Gerard J P; Jansen, Anita; Karos, Kai

2015-09-01

This study tested Expand Your Horizon, a programme designed to improve body image by training women to focus on the functionality of their body using structured writing assignments. Eighty-one women (Mage=22.77) with a negative body image were randomised to the Expand Your Horizon programme or to an active control programme. Appearance satisfaction, functionality satisfaction, body appreciation, and self-objectification were measured at pretest, posttest, and one-week follow-up. Following the intervention, participants in the Expand Your Horizon programme experienced greater appearance satisfaction, functionality satisfaction, and body appreciation, and lower levels of self-objectification, compared to participants in the control programme. Partial eta-squared effect sizes were of small to medium magnitude. This study is the first to show that focusing on body functionality can improve body image and reduce self-objectification in women with a negative body image. These findings provide support for addressing body functionality in programmes designed to improve body image. Copyright © 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Education for Sustainable Development: Assessment of the Current Situation at the Faculty of Engineering of Notre Dame University--Louaize

Science.gov (United States)

Salem, Talal; Harb, Jacques

2012-01-01

There is a growing need to incorporate educational sustainable development (ESD) principles into engineering education. This paper identifies engineering competencies within the Faculty of Engineering at Notre Dame University--Louaize and the means to shift towards sustainability. ESD tools are used to carry the analysis, keeping in mind the…

Madame Kara Walker, notre artiste

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Riché Deianne Richardson

2008-01-01

Full Text Available « Mon Ennemi, Mon Frère, Mon Bourreau, Mon Amour, » the epic exhibition at ARC/ Musée d’art moderne de la ville de Paris running from 20 June to 9 September, reveals the creative genius and vision of the artist Kara Walker, who was born in Stockton, California in 1969. The show is her most comprehensive one yet in Europe and includes the form that Walker has uniquely developed and for which she is best known, cut-out black silhouettes that are sometimes small and at other times gigantic and r...

Les dysthyroïdies chez l'hémodialysé chronique | Zbiti | Pan African ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

Introduction: Les dysthyroïdies chez l'hémodialysé chronique sont représentées par une hypothyroïdie: dite le syndrome de basse T3, actuellement nommée "le syndrome de la maladie euthyroïdienne". L'objectif de notre travail est de déterminer le profil thyroïdien de nos HDC afin de préciser la prévalence des différents ...

Inactivité physique et nombre d'heures passées devant la télévision chez les adultes autochtones asthmatiques : analyse transversale de l'Enquête auprès des peuples autochtones

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

N. Doggett

2015-01-01

Full Text Available Contexte : Notre analyse visait à déterminer l'association entre l'asthme et le niveau d'activité physique ainsi qu'avec le nombre d'heures d'activités sédentaires chez les adultes autochtones et visait à comprendre l'influence de l'inactivité physique et du nombre d'heures d'activités sédentaires sur l'utilisation des soins de santé par les adultes autochtones asthmatiques. Méthodologie : Notre analyse a porté sur 20 953 répondants adultes de l'Enquête auprès des peuples autochtones de 2006. Nous avons considéré que les répondants étaient atteints d'asthme « actuel » s'ils avaient déclaré avoir reçu un diagnostic d'asthme de la part d'un médecin et s'ils avaient une ordonnance valide pour des médicaments contre l'asthme. Notre définition d'une activité physique insuffisante correspondait au fait de pratiquer moins de 3 heures d'activité physique modérée à intense par semaine, et notre définition d'un nombre élevé d'heures passées devant la télévision correspondait au fait de regarder la télévision pendant plus de 10 heures par semaine. Nous avons évalué l'utilisation des soins de santé à l'aide du nombre de consultations de professionnels de la santé et du nombre d'hospitalisations d'au moins une nuit. Résultats : Les adultes autochtones asthmatiques étaient plus susceptibles de déclarer un nombre élevé d'heures passées devant la télévision (RC = 1,16; IC : 1,11 à 1,22 et une activité physique insuffisante (RC = 1,15; IC : 1,10 à 1,20 que les non-asthmatiques. Les asthmatiques ayant déclaré un nombre élevé d'heures passées devant la télévision ont signalé plus de consultations de professionnels de la santé au cours des 12 derniers mois (RC = 2,59; IC : 2,34 à 2,87, plus d'hospitalisations d'au moins une nuit au cours de la dernière année (RC = 1,95; IC : 1,82 à 2,08 et plus d'hospitalisations d'au moins une nuit au cours des 5 dernières années (RC = 1,13; IC : 1,07 à 1

5- NAFA

African Journals Online (AJOL)

Administrateur

Toujours dans le même sens, le mode virtuel fait référence à notre objectif principal qui ... marché mondial; les internautes qui rêvent de progrès grâce au facteur d'ubiquité .... accoutumée aux délices du libre accès à l'information. Nous n' ... veulent établir un ordre basé sur une coopération internationale et de l'autre, se ...

Case series

African Journals Online (AJOL)

abp

11 août 2015 ... le pronostic vital tout en encadrant l'hémostase chirurgicale. Cependant la réanimation a sa propre morbi-mortalité qui vient s'ajouter à celle de l'évènement hémorragique. L'objectif de notre étude était de décrire le profil épidémiologique des patientes qui ont été prises en charge en milieu de réanimation ...

The influence of maternal self-objectification, materialism and parenting style on potentially sexualized 'grown up' behaviours and appearance concerns in 5-8year old girls.

Science.gov (United States)

Slater, Amy; Tiggemann, Marika

2016-08-01

There is widespread concern about young girls displaying 'grown up' or sexualized behaviours, as well as experiencing body image and appearance concerns that were previously thought to only impact much older girls. The present study examined the influence of three maternal attributes, self-objectification, materialism and parenting style, on sexualized behaviours and appearance concerns in young girls. A sample of 252 Australian mothers of 5-8year old girls reported on the behaviours and appearance concerns observed in their daughters and also completed measures of their own self-objectification, materialism and parenting style. It was found that a significant proportion of young girls were engaging with 'teen' culture, using beauty products and expressing some degree of appearance concern. Maternal self-objectification was related to daughters' engagement in teen culture, use of beauty products and appearance concern. Maternal materialism was related to girls' engagement in teen culture and appearance concern, while an authoritative parenting style was negatively related to girls' use of beauty products. The findings suggest that maternal self-objectification and materialism play a role in the body image and appearance concerns of young girls, and in so doing, identify these maternal attributes as novel potential targets for intervention. Copyright © 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Face consciousness among South Korean women: a culture-specific extension of objectification theory.

Science.gov (United States)

Kim, Si Yeon; Seo, Young Seok; Baek, Keun Young

2014-01-01

This study tested key tenets of objectification theory with South Korean women and explored the roles of sexually objectifying media and culture-specific standards of beauty in body image and eating disorder symptoms. Two pilot studies with South Korean college women (n = 40, n = 30) revealed that facial characteristics such as size and shape represent a discrete variable among culture-specific standards of beauty for South Korean women. Results with a sample of 562 South Korean college women indicated that media exposure had significant positive indirect relations with body shame and eating disorder symptoms through the mediating roles of internalization, body surveillance, and face surveillance. Internalization of cultural standards of beauty had significant positive direct relations with body surveillance and face surveillance and had both direct and indirect relations with body shame and eating disorder symptoms. Body and face surveillances had significant positive direct relations with body shame and had indirect relations with eating disorder symptoms. Finally, body shame mediated the links from internalization and surveillance variables to eating disorder symptoms. The results support the applicability of objectification theory as it relates to South Korean women and point to the significance of culture-specific standards of beauty within that framework. These findings could contribute to the broader field of multicultural body image research, with potential implications for therapist practices and training. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2014 APA, all rights reserved).

Visions and visioning in foresight activities

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Jørgensen, Michael Søgaard; Grosu, Dan

2007-01-01

The paper discusses the roles of visioning processes and visions in foresight activities and in societal discourses and changes parallel to or following foresight activities. The overall topic can be characterised as the dynamics and mechanisms that make visions and visioning processes work...... or not work. The theoretical part of the paper presents an actor-network theory approach to the analyses of visions and visioning processes, where the shaping of the visions and the visioning and what has made them work or not work is analysed. The empirical part is based on analyses of the roles of visions...... and visioning processes in a number of foresight processes from different societal contexts. The analyses have been carried out as part of the work in the COST A22 network on foresight. A vision is here understood as a description of a desirable or preferable future, compared to a scenario which is understood...

Le français sportif: un jeu lexical d’exportation/importation

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Riham M. EL KHAMISSY

2017-04-01

Full Text Available Le sport a renouvelé la vision du monde et a envahi les différentes sphères d’activités humaines sous de multiples aspects, entre autres la langue. Sport et presse écrite participent de concert à la génération “d’une langue qui joue”. Afin de décrire des événements sportifs ou en rendre compte, le journalisme génère un lexique qui s’est répandu progressivement jusqu’à conquérir la langue courante. Inversement, les termes empruntés à d’autres champs d’activité, prennent des dimensions sémantiques intéressantes, lorsqu’elles immigrent vers les terrains sportifs. Dans la présente contribution, notre objectif est de mettre en relief l’investissement du lexique du sport dans le discours politique et économique d’une part et celui d’autres domaines dans le discours sportif d’autre part, afin de souligner les effets de ce jeu “d’exportation/importation”. Nous verrons à quel point le journalisme se permet des usages particuliers qui pourraient défricher des voies peu explorables.

Mortalité Des Patients Vih Positifs Dans Le Service De Neurologie ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

Description On estime à 2,3 millions, le nombre de personnes décédées du SIDA en 2004 en Afrique subsaharienne. Ainsi le VIH/SIDA a réduit de plus de 20 ans, l\\'espérance de vie de la population en Afrique. Objectifs Le but de notre étude était d\\'identifier les causes de décès et d\\'étudier la létalité des affections chez ...

Dialogue with Immigrant Mothers from Chinese and Tamil Communities to Explore Homogenization, Normalization, and Objectification of their Body

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Manuela Ferrari

2012-11-01

Full Text Available The influence of urbanization, modernization and acculturation processes as causes for the development of body image concerns and eating disorders are documented in the literature. Women exposed to a Western idea of "beauty" as skinny and thin may be more vulnerable to body dissatisfaction. The elements of Western society that contribute to women's body dissatisfaction are captured and described in BORDO's empire of images (2003 and FREDRICKSON and ROBERTS' objectification theories (1997. Both theories rest on the assumptions that women's bodies are seen as passive elements in Western society, and that as a result women often engage in activities that measure, modify, and control their bodies to meet Western standards of beauty and attractiveness. Homogenization, normalization, and objectification have not been studied among immigrant women, nor have similarities and differences been explored across ethno-cultural communities. Participatory methodology informed the data collection process and analysis. A series of three separate parent focus groups were held with each of the Tamil and Mainland Chinese mothers of elementary school children respectively, for a total of six focus groups and 13 participants. Through dialogue, newcomer immigrant mothers were invited to define their cultural idea of beauty and to confront it with the Canadian one. For both Chinese and Tamil mothers, the homogenization, normalization, and objectification of their bodies appeared to occur in similar ways. Immigrant women and their daughters tend to internalize the Western ideals of women's thinness; this makes them self-conscious about their own bodies. URN: http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:0114-fqs130126

Body Image and Eating Disorder Symptoms in Sexual Minority Men: A Test and Extension of Objectification Theory

Science.gov (United States)

Wiseman, Marcie C.; Moradi, Bonnie

2010-01-01

On the basis of integrating objectification theory research with research on body image and eating problems among sexual minority men, the present study examined relations among sociocultural and psychological correlates of eating disorder symptoms with a sample of 231 sexual minority men. Results of a path analysis supported tenets of…

Menstruation, objectification and health-related quality of life: A questionnaire study.

Science.gov (United States)

Sveinsdóttir, Herdís

2018-02-01

To explore young women's health-related quality of life (HRQOL) and investigate whether menstrual and menarche experiences and objectification predict mental and physical health components of HRQOL. Menstruation plays a fundamental role in female biology, in women's relationship to their bodies and consequently in women's health and their HRQOL. Cross-sectional explorative survey design. A questionnaire that included the SF-36v2, the Self-objectification Questionnaire (SOQ), the Body Surveillance and Body Shame subscales of the Objectified Body Consciousness Scale, the Belief and Attitudes Towards Menstruation Questionnaire (four subscales), and questions on menarche and menstruation was administered at the end of 2013 to 319 Icelandic women who represented the population by age. The SF-36v2 includes eight dimensions addressing the mental and physical components of HRQOL. Scores are presented as raw data scores and scores based on standardised score of American women and range from 0 to 100 with higher scores indicating better HRQL. A hierarchical multiple linear regression model was employed to calculate significant predictors of mental and physical health components of HRQOL. Mean raw data scores on SF36-v2 dimensions ranged from 54.7 to 91.5. The participants scored below the standardised, mean norm-based score for all dimensions. Secrecy of menstruation, experience of body shame and pain during menstruation predicted worse mental HRQOL. To believe in the proscriptive role and the unpleasantness of menstruation, experience of body shame, medication for menstrual pain and not holding a university education predicted worse physical HRQOL. These two models explained 30% and 22% of the variance of the mental and physical components of SF36-v2, respectively. Young women's mental and physical HRQOL is influenced by the specific context of their lives. Women's health education should take into account the various relationships women may have with their bodies. © 2017

Le plan du métro comme métaphore spatiale et cognitive dans la visualisation

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Coleta Vaisman

2016-05-01

Full Text Available Le point de départ de notre article est la carte du métro comme interface de médiation entre le territoire et l’utilisateur du réseau de transport. Cette carte est une représentation topographique qui, avec le diagramme de Beck, a évolué vers un modèle topologique. Notre démarche méthodologique s’articule en quatre points : le plan du métro vu comme un dialogue entre topographie et topologie ; la carte employée comme un système de visualisation ; la carte interactive comme métaphore spatiale et la carte comme modèle de représentation des connaissances. Sur cette base, nous voulons montrer que cette carte, hors contexte géographique, constitue une forme de métaphore visuelle. Notre travail montre l’importance de la visualisation de l’information et de ses représentations spatiales avec la métaphore du métro. Notre objectif va donc être d’établir les ponts conceptuels entre la métaphore spatiale et la métaphore cognitive pour passer des cartes interactives vers l’usage de la carte du métro comme une représentation visuelle universelle des connaissances.

Is Sexual Objectification and Victimization of Females in Video Games Associated With Victim Blaming or Victim Empathy?

Science.gov (United States)

Beck, Victoria; Rose, Chris

2018-04-01

The goal of this study was to investigate whether the sexual objectification and virtual violence against females in video games increases negative attitudes toward females, when addressing a variety of noted methodological issues. Study participants were randomly assigned to a control group, where participants played Madden NFL 12, or an experimental group, where participants played Grand Theft Auto. In the experimental group, participants played the game with a confederate, who exposed participants to sexual objectification and violence against females. Study results indicated that both the experimental and control groups had equivalently low levels of rape myth acceptance prior to game play. Immediately after game play, there still was no statistically significant difference in rape myth acceptance between groups; however, there was a decrease in rape myth acceptance for the experimental group. The decrease in rape myth acceptance continued and magnified for the experimental group, over time, to the point of creating a statistically significant difference between the two groups for the follow-up measure at the end of the study.

Materialists on Facebook: the self-regulatory role of social comparisons and the objectification of Facebook friends

OpenAIRE

Ozimek, Phillip; Baer, Fiona; Förster, Jens

2017-01-01

In this study, we examine chronic materialism as a possible motive for Facebook usage. We test an explanatory mediation model predicting that materialists use Facebook more frequently, because they compare themselves to others, they objectify and instrumentalize others, and they accumulate friends. For this, we conducted two online surveys (N1 = 242, N2 = 289) assessing demographic variables, Facebook use, social comparison, materialism, objectification and instrumentalization. Results confir...

Vision Assessment and Prescription of Low Vision Devices

OpenAIRE

Keeffe, Jill

2004-01-01

Assessment of vision and prescription of low vision devices are part of a comprehensive low vision service. Other components of the service include training the person affected by low vision in use of vision and other senses, mobility, activities of daily living, and support for education, employment or leisure activities. Specialist vision rehabilitation agencies have services to provide access to information (libraries) and activity centres for groups of people with impaired vision.

The role of vision processing in prosthetic vision.

Science.gov (United States)

Barnes, Nick; He, Xuming; McCarthy, Chris; Horne, Lachlan; Kim, Junae; Scott, Adele; Lieby, Paulette

2012-01-01

Prosthetic vision provides vision which is reduced in resolution and dynamic range compared to normal human vision. This comes about both due to residual damage to the visual system from the condition that caused vision loss, and due to limitations of current technology. However, even with limitations, prosthetic vision may still be able to support functional performance which is sufficient for tasks which are key to restoring independent living and quality of life. Here vision processing can play a key role, ensuring that information which is critical to the performance of key tasks is available within the capability of the available prosthetic vision. In this paper, we frame vision processing for prosthetic vision, highlight some key areas which present problems in terms of quality of life, and present examples where vision processing can help achieve better outcomes.

Santé sexuelle et reproductive des adolescentes de Bobo Dioulasso, Burkina Faso: place de la communication parents-adolescentes pour la réduction des risques

OpenAIRE

Some, Donmozoun Télesphore; Some, Der Adolphe; Hien, Hervé; Diallo, Ramata; Zingue, Dézémon; Diallo, Ibrahim; Diagbouga, Serge; Dao, Blami

2012-01-01

Introduction Les adolescentes sont très vulnérables face aux Infections Sexuellement Transmissibles (IST) et au VIH/SIDA. Notre étude a pour objectifs d’explorer la qualité de la communication entre les adolescentes et leurs parents sur les IST/VIH/SIDA et de recueillir leurs suggestions pour l’amélioration de cette communication. Méthodes L’étude était transversale qualitative sur 2 mois. La population de l’étude était composée par des adolescentes de 13 à 17 ans et leurs parents habitant la...

Etude et Simulation d’un aérogénérateur connecté au réseau (Turbine + MADA + Réseau) en mode continu et discret

OpenAIRE

MALKI, Mohammed; BELARBI, Saïd ALI

2014-01-01

Cet exemple montre qu’un jour arrivera ou les solutions à base d’énergies renouvelables et alternatives qui sont en ce moment trop couteuses et peu rentables, se révéleront moins chères que les énergies fossiles. Attendons toutefois que nous saurons développer ces énergies renouvelables avant ce jour. L’énergie éolienne porte sur une des énergies renouvelables en développement en ce moment pour nous objectif que vient s’insérer notre étude.

Les effets potentiels du taping chez une population adulte souffrant d'un conflit sous-acromial

OpenAIRE

Roch, Sylvie; Thétaz, Alain; Balthazard, Pierre

2012-01-01

Introduction : Le conflit sous-acromial est une pathologie fréquente qui touche une grande partie de la population. Quelques revues de la littérature recommandent une prise en charge spécifique, mais peu d’études proposent le taping comme adjuvant aux traitements préconisés. Ainsi ce travail de bachelor a pour objectif de déterminer les effets potentiels du taping chez une population adulte souffrant de conflit sous-acromial. Méthodologie : Notre recherche d’études s’est effectuée de janvier ...

Au cœur des services : les larmes au travail

OpenAIRE

Soares, Angelo

2014-01-01

Nous avons cru pendant longtemps qu’il était possible de laisser nos émotions à la porte des organisations. Cela simplifie excessivement la complexité et l’hétérogénéité du travail et, par conséquent, on finit par sous-estimer les effets du travail sur la santé. Notre objectif est de comprendre une forme particulière de l’expression des émotions des travailleuses et travailleurs : les larmes au travail. Pour comprendre cette question, nous utilisons une approche qualitative avec les travaille...

Substance use among sportive adolescents in the French-speaking part of Switzerland

OpenAIRE

Bélanger, R.

2010-01-01

CONTEXTE: Pour diverses raisons, les adultes et en particulier les parents croient que la pratique sportive à l'adolescence est un facteur de protection contre les comportements à risque tels que la consommation de substances. Les preuves présentes à l'intérieur de la littérature ne sont toutefois pas concluantes à ce sujet. Le principal objectif de notre étude était donc de comparer la prévalence de la consommation de substances psychoactives (licites et illicites) et de substances ergogéniq...

Approche pour la recommandation de ressources pédagogiques basée sur les liens sociaux

OpenAIRE

Tadlaoui , Mohammed; George , Sébastien; Sehaba , Karim

2015-01-01

Conférence EIAH 2015; Les systèmes de recommandation ont pour objectif de proposer des ressources pertinentes à une personne en utilisant certaines informations sur les utilisateurs et les ressources du système. Notre travail s’intègre dans le contexte des systèmes de recommandation de ressources pédagogiques et plus particulièrement des systèmes qui utilisent des informations sociales. En se basant sur les résultats de recherche dans le domaine des systèmes de recommandation, des réseaux soc...

Notre Dame Nuclear Database: A New Chart of Nuclides

Science.gov (United States)

Lee, Kevin; Khouw, Timothy; Fasano, Patrick; Mumpower, Matthew; Aprahamian, Ani

2014-09-01

Nuclear data is critical to research fields from medicine to astrophysics. We are creating a database, the Notre Dame Nuclear Database, which can store theoretical and experimental datasets. We place emphasis on storing metadata and user interaction with the database. Users are able to search in addition to the specific nuclear datum, the author(s), the facility where the measurements were made, the institution of the facility, and device or method/technique used. We also allow users to interact with the database by providing online search, an interactive nuclide chart, and a command line interface. The nuclide chart is a more descriptive version of the periodic table that can be used to visualize nuclear properties such as half-lives and mass. We achieve this by using D3 (Data Driven Documents), HTML, and CSS3 to plot the nuclides and color them accordingly. Search capabilities can be applied dynamically to the chart by using Python to communicate with MySQL, allowing for customization. Users can save the customized chart they create to any image format. These features provide a unique approach for researchers to interface with nuclear data. We report on the current progress of this project and will present a working demo that highlights each aspect of the aforementioned features. This is the first time that all available technologies are put to use to make nuclear data more accessible than ever before in a manner that is much easier and fully detailed. This is a first and we will make it available as open source ware.

Low Vision

Science.gov (United States)

... USAJobs Home » Statistics and Data » Low Vision Listen Low Vision Low Vision Defined: Low Vision is defined as the best- ... Ethnicity 2010 U.S. Age-Specific Prevalence Rates for Low Vision by Age, and Race/Ethnicity Table for 2010 ...

Les facteurs d’influence de l’indépendance de l’auditeur externe: une étude exploratoire auprès des préparateurs de l’information financière tunisiens

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Omri Mohamed Ali Brahim

2014-09-01

Full Text Available Cette étude vise à déterminer les facteurs d’influence de l’indépendance perçue de l’auditeur externe. Afin d’atteindre notre objectif nous avons menée une analyse fondée sur une première phase qualitative et une deuxième quantitative. Cette dernière repose sur un questionnaire adressé à 87 préparateurs d’information financière tunisiens. Notre étude a révélé que les préparateurs de l’information financière construisent leurs perception en privilégiant essentiellement la réputation de l’auditeur externe, suivi par la taille du cabinet, le contrôle de la profession et la responsabilité juridique, les liens personnels, les incompatibilités, les honoraires, la dépendance financière et la rotation des auditeurs.

Education for Sustainable Development at Notre Dame University--Louaize: Environmental Science Curriculum--A Pre-Phase to the Rucas Project on Education for Sustainable Development

Science.gov (United States)

Khalaf-Kairouz, Layla

2012-01-01

The Faculty of Natural and Applied Sciences at Notre Dame University--Louaize, conscious to the need of experts in the emerging field of sustainability and to the role that an educational institution plays for the service of the community, introduced into the university curricula a major in environmental science. This paper will present the…

L’église Notre-Dame-des-Pauvres à Issy-les-Moulineaux (Hauts-de-Seine

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Claire Vignes-Dumas

2009-11-01

Full Text Available L’église Notre-Dame des Pauvres d’Issy-les-Moulineaux est l’une des toutes premières églises construites dans la proche banlieue parisienne après les bombardements de la seconde guerre mondiale. Datée de 1954-1955, elle est l’œuvre du tout jeune architecte Jean-Blaise Lombard associé à l’architecte Henri Duverdier. Destinée à une population ouvrière très défavorisée et réalisée avec un très petit budget, elle attire cependant l’attention de la critique par la liberté de son architecture caractérisée par l’ampleur du sanctuaire et l’importance attribuée aux verrières réalisées par le peintre Léon Zack. Les dispositions liturgiques d’avant-garde ainsi que l’unité de son décor dominé par l’art abstrait - où interviennent aussi le maître verrier Jean Lesquibe, les sculpteurs Maxime Adam-Tessier et Irène Zack -, en font un édifice clé de la reconstruction en Île-de-France.Issy-les-Moulineaux’s church, Notre Dame des Pauvres, « Our Lady of Poor People », is one of the very first churches built in close Parisian suburbs after Second World War bombings. Dated from 1954-1955, it is a very young architect’s work, Jean-Blaise Lombard, associated with architect Henri Duverdier. Meant to serve a very disadvantaged working class and made with a very small budget, it attracts the critics’ attention thanks to the freedom of its architecture, characterized by the large size of the shrine as well as by the importance ascribed to stained glass walls realized by painter Leon Zack. The avant-garde liturgical lay-out, together with the décor unity dominated by abstract art - where glassmaker Master Jean Lesquive and sculptors Maxime Adam-Tessier and Irène Zack intervene - made this church a key edifice in Île-de-France post-war rebuilding period.

Aptitude visuelle à la conduite automobile: exemple des candidats au permis de conduire à Libreville

Science.gov (United States)

Souhail, Hassane; Assoumou, Prudence; Birinda, Hilda; Mengome, Emmanuel Mve

2015-01-01

L'objectif était d’évaluer l'aptitude visuelle à la conduite automobile des candidats au permis de conduire à Libreville. Il s'agissait d'une étude transversale, descriptive et analytique, qui s'est déroulée à Libreville pendant la période du 4 avril 2012 au 14 juillet 2012 (soit 4 mois et 10 jours). La population d’étude concernait les candidats soumis aux épreuves d'obtention du permis de conduire. Nous avons inclus dans notre travail, les candidats, ayant donné leur consentement par écrit et exclus ceux refusant d'adhérer à l'enquête. Les variables étudiées concernaient l’âge, le sexe, la population d’étude, l'activité professionnelle, l'acuité visuelle de loin et de près, la vision des couleurs, la catégorie du permis de conduire, et l'aptitude visuelle à la conduite automobile. La saisie et l'analyse des données ont été collectées au moyen d'une fiche d'enquête standardisée; après vérification et validation, elles ont été saisies sur le logiciel Excel Windows et analysées sur le logiciel Epi Info version 3.5.1. L’âge moyen des 406 candidats était de 29 ans ± 6,65 ans avec des extrêmes allant de 17 ans à 52 ans. Les hommes représentaient 283 (69,7%) et les femmes 123 (30,3%), soit un ratio de 2,3. Les fonctionnaires étaient retrouvés dans 39,4 % des cas, suivi des élèves-étudiants dans 33,5%. Dans notre population d’étude, 71 sur 406 candidats avaient une baisse de l'acuité visuelle de loin, soit 17,5%. Dans notre série, nous avons retrouvés 34 candidats âgés de 40 ans et plus, et seulement 14 candidats (41,2%) avaient une baisse de l'acuité visuelle de près. La quasi-totalité des patients avaient une vision de couleurs normale (99,5%), cependant 2 candidats avaient une vision de couleurs anormale, soit une prévalence de 0,5%. Dans notre échantillon, 403 (99,3%) sollicitaient un permis de conduire de catégorie léger (perms A, A1, B, F) et 3 (0,7%) sollicitaient un permis de conduire de type

Noyaux et radioactivité une introduction à la physique des particules et à la physique nucléaire

CERN Document Server

Debu, Pascal

2017-01-01

Nées au début du XXe siècle, la physique nucléaire et la physique des particules ont bouleversé notre vision du monde et révolutionné la société par leurs innombrables applications : l'énergie nucléaire et l'utilisation des rayonnements pour la médecine et les sciences des matériaux en sont des exemples emblématiques. L'objectif de cet ouvrage est de permettre au lecteur d'appréhender les phénomènes nucléaires et la physique des hautes énergies, d'illustrer les retombées de la physique fondamentale dans la société, et d'éveiller ainsi la curiosité et l'intérêt pour ces disciplines. Le premier chapitre rappelle les notions indispensables de mécanique quantique et de relativité restreinte. Il se termine par une introduction sur l'antimatière et ses applications. Le deuxième chapitre aborde la physique des particules par la description des constituants de la matière et des lois qui gouvernent leurs interactions. L'interaction faible est l'occasion de développements sur les notions...

The developmental effects of media-ideal internalization and self-objectification processes on adolescents' negative body-feelings, dietary restraint, and binge eating.

Science.gov (United States)

Dakanalis, Antonios; Carrà, Giuseppe; Calogero, Rachel; Fida, Roberta; Clerici, Massimo; Zanetti, Maria Assunta; Riva, Giuseppe

2015-08-01

Despite accumulated experimental evidence of the negative effects of exposure to media-idealized images, the degree to which body image, and eating related disturbances are caused by media portrayals of gendered beauty ideals remains controversial. On the basis of the most up-to-date meta-analysis of experimental studies indicating that media-idealized images have the most harmful and substantial impact on vulnerable individuals regardless of gender (i.e., "internalizers" and "self-objectifiers"), the current longitudinal study examined the direct and mediated links posited in objectification theory among media-ideal internalization, self-objectification, shame and anxiety surrounding the body and appearance, dietary restraint, and binge eating. Data collected from 685 adolescents aged between 14 and 15 at baseline (47 % males), who were interviewed and completed standardized measures annually over a 3-year period, were analyzed using a structural equation modeling approach. Results indicated that media-ideal internalization predicted later thinking and scrutinizing of one's body from an external observer's standpoint (or self-objectification), which then predicted later negative emotional experiences related to one's body and appearance. In turn, these negative emotional experiences predicted subsequent dietary restraint and binge eating, and each of these core features of eating disorders influenced each other. Differences in the strength of these associations across gender were not observed, and all indirect effects were significant. The study provides valuable information about how the cultural values embodied by gendered beauty ideals negatively influence adolescents' feelings, thoughts and behaviors regarding their own body, and on the complex processes involved in disordered eating. Practical implications are discussed.

Oppressive Beliefs at Play: Associations among Beauty Ideals and Practices and Individual Differences in Sexism, Objectification of Others, and Media Exposure

Science.gov (United States)

Swami, Viren; Coles, Rebecca; Wilson, Emma; Salem, Natalie; Wyrozumska, Karolina; Furnham, Adrian

2010-01-01

In recent years, beauty ideals and practices have been explained almost exclusively using evolutionary psychological frameworks, to the exclusion of more proximate factors such as psychosocial and individual psychological variables. To overcome this limitation, we examined the associations among sexist beliefs, objectification of others, media…

Les déterminants de l’attractivité territoriale des entreprises manufacturières et logistiques étrangères : application à la ville de Tanger – Maroc

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Abbes Elhasbi

2017-03-01

Full Text Available L’objectif de cet article est de proposer les principaux facteurs d’attractivité des investisseurs étrangers dans les secteurs manufacturiers et logistiques de la ville de Tanger au Maroc. Notre modèle conceptuel a été élaboré à partir d’une revue de littérature et d’entretiens avec un échantillon de dirigeants des petites et moyennes entreprises (PME étrangères. Notre analyse empirique est réalisée à partir des données issues d’une enquête menée auprès des dirigeants des entreprises étrangères (manufacturières et logistiques installées à la ville de Tanger. L’utilisation de l’approche Partial least squares (PLS nous a permis de tester les liens de causalité entre les divers facteurs politiques, économiques, sociaux, technologiques, environnementaux et juridiques (Pestel. L’intérêt scientifique de notre modèle est de présenter aux décideurs de la ville de Tanger des recommandations afin d’améliorer le développement et l’attractivité des investissements étrangers dans les deux secteurs logistique et manufacturier.

THE OBJECTIFICATION OF DEFINITION OF THE PURCHASING POWER OF CONSUMERS IN SHADOW ECONOMY

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N. Tyukhtenko

2016-04-01

Full Text Available The paper analyzed the level of truthfulness of information as to actual volume revenues of workers of the shadow economy. Revealed results of actual solvency of the local population by goods production, work execution, services rendering. Discovered action of currency fluctuation. Analyzed sales of new cars in Ukraine for 2010-2014. Proposed the method of calculating the correction coefficient with a view to determining the level of objectification purchasing power of consumers in a shadow economy and the potential capacity of the sale market of new cars. Defined the optimal selling price of new vehicles in Kherson. Calculated potential market volume of new vehicles and optimal logistic route of their realization in the Kherson region.

Objectification of the school-related transport monitoring of the adolescents

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Michal Kudláček

2013-03-01

Full Text Available BACKGROUND: School and school-related physical activity (PA are important for the total PA of children and youth. The total amount of PA is higher within school days compare to weekends. Children and youth, who use active transportation (to/from the school, confirm the higher PA per week compared to those without active transportation (using car, train, bus. There is a lack of available data in the Czech Republic about active transportation of children and adolescents. AIM: The main aim of the study is the objectification of the school-related transport monitoring of the adolescents. One of the additional outcomes is to enrich this relatively new scientific area in the Czech Republic. METHODS: There was one high school chosen for this project - Gymnázium Nový Jičín. Data were collected by using ActiGraph GT1M, pedometer YAMAX SW-700, NQLS questionnaire and internet system INDARES. RESULTS: By using the newly developer map module "tracker", within the system INDARES, we could compare the participants which active transport (AT was lower than 1000 m, with participants with the AT values higher than 1000 m. We found out significant differences between school days and weekends in the intensity of 1 to 3 MET. The statistical significance was supported by the coefficient effect size (d = 0.83. The participants recording AT values lower than 1000 m showing significantly higher level of PA in school days then during weekends (p = .003; F = 26.149; ω2 = 0.456. Similar results were found in participants recording AT values higher than 1000 m; the differences between school days and weekends are highly significant (p = .0004; F = 26.149; ω 2 = 0.456. CONCLUSIONS: We have contributed to the objectification of the school-related transport monitoring of the adolescents by the creation of the map module within the INDARES system. The usage of a triangulation approach (objective methods - subjective methods - system INDARES into the PA monitoring in

Shot and Counter-shot: Presence, Obscurity, and the Breakdown of Discourse in Godard’s Notre Musique

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Burlin Barr

2010-01-01

Full Text Available "Notre Musique includes a lengthy sequence that involves a presentation by Godard on the relationship between text and image. The occasion of the lecture is a conference in Sarajevo titled European Literary Encounters, an annual event first organized in 2000. Godard gave his lecture in 2002 and the long middle-section of the film offers a "lightly fictionalized restaging" of his address and of other encounters surrounding the conference. The narrative setting of the majority of this film, then, is a space of discourse (a conference and a lecture, but I suggest that the film is conceptually sited more generally and abstractly in the "space" or “frame” of discourse itself. Because it ponders various parameters—spatial, historical, conceptual—that allow or disallow discursive connection, I regard Notre Musique as an extended meditation on the possibilities for and barriers to discourse. By siting the film in Sarajevo, Godard is clearly highlighting a frame for this meditation—a frame that includes a history of violence and reconciliation. The conference is decidedly international and takes place in a city with a rich cosmopolitan and multi-ethnic history, even as it bears the scars of violence and ethnic division.  Sarajevo, moreover, is a city with a complex relationship to the state—having been a nucleus to various formations of state and empire in the last century. In its history and in the present, Sarajevo is a site of discourse and discord; of the union and clash of influences (be they religious, political, or ethnic. Hence, Sarajevo’s relevance to the film is not merely one of documentary fidelity (because it was the host city for the conference. It is a perfect site for Godard to pursue a line of reflection on discourse and its breakdown in the frame of changing formations of power. Sarjevo as a site also calls attention to how the parties or constituencies for discourse remain in states of flux—either through processes of

The use of convent archival records in medical research: the School Sisters of Notre Dame archives and the nun study.

Science.gov (United States)

Patzwald, Gari-Anne; Wildt, Sister Carol Marie

2004-01-01

The School Sisters of Notre Dame (SSND) archives program in a cooperative system for the arrangement and preservation of the records of the SSND provinces in North America, including records of individual sisters. Archival records include autobiographies, school and college transcripts, employment histories, and family socioeconomic data. The Nun Study, a longitudinal study of Alzheimer's disease and aging in 678 SSND sisters, compares data extracted from these records with data on late-life cognitive and physical function and postmortem brain neuropathology to explore early life factor that may affect late-life cognitive function and longevity.

Operational Based Vision Assessment Automated Vision Test Collection User Guide

Science.gov (United States)

2017-05-15

AFRL-SA-WP-SR-2017-0012 Operational Based Vision Assessment Automated Vision Test Collection User Guide Elizabeth Shoda, Alex...June 2015 – May 2017 4. TITLE AND SUBTITLE Operational Based Vision Assessment Automated Vision Test Collection User Guide 5a. CONTRACT NUMBER... automated vision tests , or AVT. Development of the AVT was required to support threshold-level vision testing capability needed to investigate the

les valvulopathie

OpenAIRE

benguediab, Khalida; kaou, belkassim

2014-01-01

L’objectif de notre travail est d’analyser le devenir clinique, électrique et échocardiographique des patients valvulaires opérés (remplacement valvulaire mitral et / ou aortique). Nous présentons une étude prospective, descriptive réalisée au service de cardiologie de CHU TLMECEN, étalée sur une période de 24 mois allant de Janvier 2012 à Décembre 2014, portant sur une série de 86 patients ayant bénéficié de 107 remplacements valvulaires cardiaques par prothèses mécaniqu...

Epidémiologie des infections nosocomiales dues aux bactéries à Gram négatifs à l’unité de néonatologie de l’EHS de Tlemcen du 14 mai au 22 juin 2012

OpenAIRE

Yadi, Salima Nesma

2014-01-01

Résumé Introduction : Les infections nosocomiales posent un véritable problème de santé publique du fait de leur fréquence, leur gravité et leur coût socioéconomique. A part les pays développés, peu de pays disposent de statistiques nationales fiables en matière d’infection nosocomiale ; des discordances importantes peuvent s’observer d’une série à l’autre en fonction du pays et du type d’établissement. Objectif : Le but de notre étude est de déterminer l’incidence et ...

Contribution a l'étude des infections nosocomiales "service de chirurgie A "C.H.UTlemcen

OpenAIRE

LETRECHE, AMINE SOUFIANE

2012-01-01

Les infections nosocomiales (fl%) posent un véritable problème de santé publique du fait de leur fréquence, leur gravité, et Idur cout socio-économique, notre travail réalisé dans le cadre de «Contribution à l'étude des infections nosocomiales au niveau chirurgie A » qui s'est déroulée en centre Hospitalo- Universitaire Tlemcen en 2012. Qui avait pour objectifs de déterminer la fréquence globale des infections nosocomiales dans le service de chirurgie A et d'évçquer les princip...

Apports et limites des programmes de recherche aux sciences de gestion

OpenAIRE

Jeanjean, Thomas; Tixier, Julie

2001-01-01

Dans cet article, nous étudions la méthodologie des programmes de recherche de Lakatos (1978) et ses apports aux sciences sociales et en particulier à la recherche en gestion. Notre objectif est triple. Il s'agit d’abord de préciser la nature des programmes de recherche, de les critiquer et de les situer par rapport aux thèses défendues par Popper, Feyerabend et Kuhn. Par ailleurs, nous étudions la transférabilité de la méthodologie de Lakatos aux sciences sociales. Enfin, nous analysons l’in...

Evaluation de la vulnérabilité sismique du patrimoine historique : Modélisation numérique

OpenAIRE

LIMOGE SCHRAEN, Claire; GIRY, Cédric; DESPREZ, Cédric; RAGUENEAU, Frédéric; BROCATO, Maurizio

2014-01-01

La Savoie conjugue l'aléa sismique métropolitain le plus important et un patrimoine architectural rural baroque de grande valeur, aux similitudes structurelles et matérielles prononcées, qui font redouter des pathologies importantes. Notre objectif est de mettre en place une méthode d'analyse et de traitement des données architecturales, mécaniques et géographiques, pour produire un catalogue des risques potentiels hiérarchisés pour chaque zone. Pour ce faire, nous avons procédé à des relevés...

Prise en charge globale du patient BPCO en médecine générale : prise en compte de la notion de multimorbidité

OpenAIRE

Jilani, Sarah

2016-01-01

La bronchopneumopathie chronique obstructive (BPCO) est un problème majeur de santé publique en termes de morbimortalité. Longtemps considérée comme une pathologie respiratoire isolée, il est aujourd’hui admis qu’elle coexiste souvent avec d’autres pathologies (maladies cardiovasculaires, anxiété, dépression, ostéoporose, cancers liés au tabac). L’objectif principal de notre étude était de quantifier la prévalence des patients BPCO multimorbides en soins primaires. 138 médecins généralistes P...

Dialogue with Immigrant Mothers from Chinese and Tamil Communities to Explore Homogenization, Normalization, and Objectification of their Body

OpenAIRE

Ferrari, Manuela; McVey, Gail; Rummens, Joanna Anneke

2012-01-01

The influence of urbanization, modernization and acculturation processes as causes for the development of body image concerns and eating disorders are documented in the literature. Women exposed to a Western idea of "beauty" as skinny and thin may be more vulnerable to body dissatisfaction. The elements of Western society that contribute to women's body dissatisfaction are captured and described in BORDO's empire of images (2003) and FREDRICKSON and ROBERTS' objectification theories (1997). B...

Dialogue with immigrant mothers from Chinese and Tamil communities to explore homogenization, normalization, and objectification of their body

OpenAIRE

Ferrari, Manuela; McVey, Gail; Rummens, Joanna Anneke

2013-01-01

"Urbanisierungs-, Modernisierungs- und Akkulturationsprozesse sind als Ursachen von Körperbild- und Essstörungen hinlänglich bekannt. Frauen, die einem westlichen Schönheitsideal von Schlankheit ausgesetzt sind, sind hiernach eher in Gefahr, mit ihrem Körper unzufrieden zu sein. Was zu dieser Unzufriedenheit beiträgt, kann mit Bordo's Theorie des 'Empire of Images' (2003) und mit der 'Objectification Theory' von Fredrickson und Roberts (1997) gefasst werden: Beide Theorien gehen davon aus, da...

Pediatric Low Vision

Science.gov (United States)

... Asked Questions Español Condiciones Chinese Conditions Pediatric Low Vision What is Low Vision? Partial vision loss that cannot be corrected causes ... and play. What are the signs of Low Vision? Some signs of low vision include difficulty recognizing ...

Low Vision FAQs

Science.gov (United States)

... de los Ojos Cómo hablarle a su oculista Low Vision FAQs What is low vision? Low vision is a visual impairment, not correctable ... person’s ability to perform everyday activities. What causes low vision? Low vision can result from a variety of ...

Ground penetrating radar data used in discovery of the early Christian church of Notre Dame de Baudes near Labastide-du-Temple, France.

Science.gov (United States)

Gragson, Ted L; Thompson, Victor D; Leigh, David S; Hautefeuille, Florent

2016-06-01

Data on ground-penetrating radar transect files are provided that support the research presented in "Discovery and Appraisal of the Early Christian Church of Notre Dame de Baudes near Labastide-du-Temple, France" [1]. Data consist of 102 transect files obtained with a GSSI SIR-3000 controller and a 400 MHz center frequency antenna in two grid blocks covering ca. 2700 m(2). The data are distributed raw without post-processing in SEG-Y rev. 1 format (little endian).

His Biceps become Him: A Test of Objectification Theory's Application to Drive for Muscularity and Propensity for Steroid Use in College Men

Science.gov (United States)

Parent, Mike C.; Moradi, Bonnie

2011-01-01

Men's body image problems may manifest as an unhealthy drive for muscularity and propensity to use anabolic-androgenic steroids (AAS). Aspects of objectification theory were integrated with literature on men's drive for muscularity and AAS use to identify correlates of these problems. The resultant model was tested with path analyses of data from…

Grounding Our Vision: Brain Research and Strategic Vision

Science.gov (United States)

Walker, Mike

2011-01-01

While recognizing the value of "vision," it could be argued that vision alone--at least in schools--is not enough to rally the financial and emotional support required to translate an idea into reality. A compelling vision needs to reflect substantive, research-based knowledge if it is to spark the kind of strategic thinking and insight…

Ground penetrating radar data used in discovery of the early Christian church of Notre Dame de Baudes near Labastide-du-Temple, France

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Ted L Gragson

2016-06-01

Full Text Available Data on ground-penetrating radar transect files are provided that support the research presented in "Discovery and Appraisal of the Early Christian Church of Notre Dame de Baudes near Labastide-du-Temple, France" [1]. Data consist of 102 transect files obtained with a GSSI SIR-3000 controller and a 400 MHz center frequency antenna in two grid blocks covering ca. 2700 m2. The data are distributed raw without post-processing in SEG-Y rev. 1 format (little endian.

Computational vision

CERN Document Server

Wechsler, Harry

1990-01-01

The book is suitable for advanced courses in computer vision and image processing. In addition to providing an overall view of computational vision, it contains extensive material on topics that are not usually covered in computer vision texts (including parallel distributed processing and neural networks) and considers many real applications.

Making a vision document tangible using "vision-tactics-metrics" tables.

Science.gov (United States)

Drury, Ivo; Slomski, Carol

2006-01-01

We describe a method of making a vision document tangible by attaching specific tactics and metrics to the key elements of the vision. We report on the development and early use of a "vision-tactics-metrics" table in a department of surgery. Use of the table centered the vision in the daily life of the department and its faculty, and facilitated cultural change.

Economie d'énergie en réseau filaire : ingénierie de trafic et mise en veille

OpenAIRE

Thaenchaikun, Chakadkit

2016-01-01

Les travaux portent sur l’économie d’énergie dans le secteur des technologies de la communication et plus particulièrement dans les réseaux filaires. La technologie support de nos travaux est Ethernet qui historiquement utilisée dans les entreprises est actuellement déployée dans les réseaux d’accès et de coeur des opérateurs. Notre objectif est d’économiser de l’énergie par une mise en sommeil des liens Ethernet en s’appuyant sur des mécanismes standards aisément déployables. Pour ce faire n...

Détermination de quelques paramètres hématologiques chez les agriculteurs exposés aux pesticides dans la région de Tlemcen

OpenAIRE

SAIDI, Fatima Zohra

2015-01-01

Résumé Les pesticides représentent une large gamme de produits utilisés de façon très variable. Les agriculteurs sont aujourd'hui le groupe le plus exposé aux risques de contact avec les pesticides. L'objectif de notre travail consiste à mettre en évidence les altérations hématologiques chez les hommes agriculteurs disposés aux pesticides comparés aux hommes témoins. Un prélèvement sanguin est réalisé afin de déterminer quelques paramètres hématologiques (FNS, numérations cellu...

Étude anatomique d'une espèce de lémurien (Eulemur fulvus) : coupes topographiques et tomodensitométriques du thorax, de l'abdomen et du bassin. Application à la pratique de l'échographie du cœur et des reins

OpenAIRE

Raharison, Fidiniaina

2008-01-01

L'objectif de notre étude est d'élaborer un document de référence mettant en relation l'anatomie, l'imagerie et la clinique du lémurien brun (Eulemur fulvus) et débouchant sur des mesures échographiques normales des reins et du cœur. Les études anatomique et tomodensitométrique ont été effectuées sur deux lémuriens et l'étude échographique sous différents modes sur 16 animaux après anesthésie. Les coupes anatomiques et tomodensitométriques nous ont permis de préciser la position et la conform...

Prévalence des troubles liés à l’usage du cannabis en médecine générale

OpenAIRE

Lepez, Clara Noaki

2015-01-01

Seuls 8% des généralistes aborderaient le sujet du cannabis lors des consultations. Or, sa consommation n’est pas anodine si l’on exclut celle récréative occasionnelle. 1,2 millions de français parmi les 11-64 ans étaient consommateurs réguliers en 2011 (au moins dix consommations par mois) avec presque 50% des 18-25 ans l’ayant expérimenté. L’objectif de notre travail était de disposer d’une étude donnant une prévalence des troubles liés à l’usage du cannabis en soins primaires, ce qui est u...

Construire les stratégies avec le Balanced Scorecard:vers une approche interactive du modèle de Kaplan et Norton

OpenAIRE

Gérald Naro; Denis Travaillé

2010-01-01

(VF)L’objectif de cet article est de confronter le Balanced Scorecard avec le modèle des leviers de contrôle de Simons (1995) et de discuter de son rôle dans les différentes phases du processus stratégique. Nous privilégions une représentation du BSC comme outil de contrôle interactif. Notre recherche est fondée sur une méthodologie longitudinale de type recherche action à partir de l’étude de deux cas. Les résultats montrent que le BSC crée un processus de construction collective favorisant ...

Problématique de la recherche textuelle et Intranet qualité

OpenAIRE

Vitali, Xavier; Daehne, Peter; Burdet, Xavier

2007-01-01

En effet, M BURDET désirait un outil intégré au site lui permettant, ainsi qu’aux autres collaborateurs de la HEG, d’effectuer des recherches par mots clé sur le site Intranet. C'est la raison pour laquelle nous avons donc axé notre travail de diplôme sur le thème de la recherche textuelle de l’information et le principe d’indexation avec comme objectif de réaliser un prototype fonctionnel sur le site Intranet. Pour cela, nous avons étudié différents outils du marché et choisi l’un d’entre e...

LA FIDELISATION DE LA CLIENTELE DANS LES ASSURANCES

OpenAIRE

MEZOUAR, Mohammed Amine

2012-01-01

La présente recherche se penche sur la question de la fidélisation de la clientèle dans les assurances. L’objectif de cette recherche est de proposer une mesure de la fidélité en adoptant une approche relationnelle. Une étude empirique a été réalisée auprès d’un échantillon de clients de la compagnie d’assurance (SAA). Les résultats trouvés ont des implications théoriques qui ont permis de déceler les limites de notre recherche et de proposer des voies futures de recherche....

The impact of men's magazines on adolescent boys' objectification and courtship beliefs.

Science.gov (United States)

Ward, L Monique; Vandenbosch, Laura; Eggermont, Steven

2015-02-01

Although much attention concerning the potential impact of sexualized media has focused on girls and women, less is known about how this content effects boys' perceptions of women and courtship. Accordingly, the current three-wave panel study investigated whether exposure to sexualizing magazines predicts adolescent boys' (N = 592) sexually objectifying notions of women and their beliefs about feminine courtship strategies. The results indicated that when boys consumed sexualizing magazines more often, they expressed more gender-stereotypical beliefs about feminine courtship strategies over time. This association was mediated by boys' objectification of women. The possibility of a reciprocal relation whereby beliefs about courtship strategies predict future consumption of sexualizing magazines was also explored but received no support. Discussion focuses on effects of sexualizing media on boys, and supports future research to build on multidisciplinary knowledge. Copyright © 2014 The Foundation for Professionals in Services for Adolescents. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Evidence of pre-industrial air pollution from the Heads of the Kings of Juda statues from Notre Dame Cathedral in Paris.

Science.gov (United States)

Del Monte, M; Ausset, P; Lefèvre, R A; Thiébault, S

2001-06-12

Pollution originating from wood combustion characterised the urban atmospheres of the past and led to the formation of thin grey crusts on the surface of the stone of monuments. The grey crusts discovered on the Heads of the Kings of Juda statues, which adorned the facade of Notre Dame in Paris from the 13th century until 1792, constitute a material record of the effects of this ancient air pollution. The height at which the statues stood suggests that the effect was not the result of a point phenomenon, but was caused by a generalised pollution of the Paris atmosphere at the time.

Near vision spectacle coverage and barriers to near vision ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

easily help to address this visual disability.7 An average cost of near vision spectacle in Ghana is approximately. $ 5.8 Near-vision spectacle could be dispensed as single vision, bifocal or progressive eye glasses to meet near vi- sion needs.2. Recent evidence suggests that the ageing population in. Ghana is increasing ...

AN INVESTIGATION OF VISION PROBLEMS AND THE VISION CARE SYSTEM IN RURAL CHINA.

Science.gov (United States)

Bai, Yunli; Yi, Hongmei; Zhang, Linxiu; Shi, Yaojiang; Ma, Xiaochen; Congdon, Nathan; Zhou, Zhongqiang; Boswell, Matthew; Rozelle, Scott

2014-11-01

This paper examines the prevalence of vision problems and the accessibility to and quality of vision care in rural China. We obtained data from 4 sources: 1) the National Rural Vision Care Survey; 2) the Private Optometrists Survey; 3) the County Hospital Eye Care Survey; and 4) the Rural School Vision Care Survey. The data from each of the surveys were collected by the authors during 2012. Thirty-three percent of the rural population surveyed self-reported vision problems. Twenty-two percent of subjects surveyed had ever had a vision exam. Among those who self-reported having vision problems, 34% did not wear eyeglasses. Fifty-four percent of those with vision problems who had eyeglasses did not have a vision exam prior to receiving glasses. However, having a vision exam did not always guarantee access to quality vision care. Four channels of vision care service were assessed. The school vision examination program did not increase the usage rate of eyeglasses. Each county-hospital was staffed with three eye-doctors having one year of education beyond high school, serving more than 400,000 residents. Private optometrists often had low levels of education and professional certification. In conclusion, our findings shows that the vision care system in rural China is inadequate and ineffective in meeting the needs of the rural population sampled.

Construction and simulation of a multi-reflection time-of-flight mass spectrometer at the University of Notre Dame

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Schultz, B.E., E-mail: bschult4@nd.edu; Kelly, J.M.; Nicoloff, C.; Long, J.; Ryan, S.; Brodeur, M.

2016-06-01

One of the most significant problems in the production of rare isotopes is the simultaneous production of contaminants, often time isobaric. Thus, a high-resolution beam purification method is required which needs to be compatible with both the low yield and short half-life of the desired radionuclide. A multi-reflection time-of-flight mass spectrometer meets all these criteria, in addition to boasting a smaller footprint relative to traditional separator dipole magnets. Such a device is currently under construction at the University of Notre Dame and is intended to be coupled to the IG-ISOL source of the planned cyclotron facility. The motivation and conceptual design are presented, as well as the status of simulations to determine the feasibility of using a Bradbury–Nielsen gate for bunching ion beams during initial system testing.

Living with vision loss

Science.gov (United States)

Diabetes - vision loss; Retinopathy - vision loss; Low vision; Blindness - vision loss ... of visual aids. Some options include: Magnifiers High power reading glasses Devices that make it easier to ...

A child's vision.

Science.gov (United States)

Nye, Christina

2014-06-01

Implementing standard vision screening techniques in the primary care practice is the most effective means to detect children with potential vision problems at an age when the vision loss may be treatable. A critical period of vision development occurs in the first few weeks of life; thus, it is imperative that serious problems are detected at this time. Although it is not possible to quantitate an infant's vision, evaluating ocular health appropriately can mean the difference between sight and blindness and, in the case of retinoblastoma, life or death. Copyright © 2014 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Effects of visual skills training, vision coaching and sports vision ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

The purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of three different approaches to improving sports performance through improvements in “sports vision:” (1) a visual skills training programme, (2) traditional vision coaching sessions, and (3) a multi-disciplinary approach identified as sports vision dynamics.

Color vision test

Science.gov (United States)

... present from birth) color vision problems: Achromatopsia -- complete color blindness , seeing only shades of gray Deuteranopia -- difficulty telling ... Vision test - color; Ishihara color vision test Images Color blindness tests References Bowling B. Hereditary fundus dystrophies. In: ...

Impairments to Vision

Science.gov (United States)

... an external Non-Government web site. Impairments to Vision Normal Vision Diabetic Retinopathy Age-related Macular Degeneration In this ... pictures, fixate on the nose to simulate the vision loss. In diabetic retinopathy, the blood vessels in ...

Vision Lab

Data.gov (United States)

Federal Laboratory Consortium — The Vision Lab personnel perform research, development, testing and evaluation of eye protection and vision performance. The lab maintains and continues to develop...

Robot Vision Library

Science.gov (United States)

Howard, Andrew B.; Ansar, Adnan I.; Litwin, Todd E.; Goldberg, Steven B.

2009-01-01

The JPL Robot Vision Library (JPLV) provides real-time robot vision algorithms for developers who are not vision specialists. The package includes algorithms for stereo ranging, visual odometry and unsurveyed camera calibration, and has unique support for very wideangle lenses

On 'False, Collusive Objectification': Becoming Attuned to Self-Censorship, Performance and Interviewer Biases in Qualitative Interviewing.

Science.gov (United States)

Yanos, Philip T; Hopper, Kim

2008-07-01

In this paper, we discuss a problem in qualitative interviewing labeled by Bourdieu as 'false, collusive objectification'. As described by Bourdieu, interviews where this occurs appear authentic because they often echo social science concepts and terminology and therefore may please the interviewer; however, they are actually unusable. We evaluate Bourdieu's claim for the existence of 'false' interviews in light of the predominant postmodern position in qualitative research, offer examples from our own research on people diagnosed with mental illness and raise the issue of whether, when and how qualitative researchers should concern themselves with the shortcomings of interviews. We conclude with suggestions derived from Bourdieu's view on how to address the problem he described.

Visions of Vision: An Exploratory Study of the Role College and University Presidents Play in Developing Institutional Vision

Science.gov (United States)

McWade, Jessica C.

2014-01-01

This qualitative research explores how college and university presidents engage in the process of developing formal institutional vision. The inquiry identifies roles presidents play in vision development, which is often undertaken as part of strategic-planning initiatives. Two constructs of leadership and institutional vision are used to examine…

Light Vision Color

Science.gov (United States)

Valberg, Arne

2005-04-01

Light Vision Color takes a well-balanced, interdisciplinary approach to our most important sensory system. The book successfully combines basics in vision sciences with recent developments from different areas such as neuroscience, biophysics, sensory psychology and philosophy. Originally published in 1998 this edition has been extensively revised and updated to include new chapters on clinical problems and eye diseases, low vision rehabilitation and the basic molecular biology and genetics of colour vision. Takes a broad interdisciplinary approach combining basics in vision sciences with the most recent developments in the area Includes an extensive list of technical terms and explanations to encourage student understanding Successfully brings together the most important areas of the subject in to one volume

What Is Low Vision?

Science.gov (United States)

... Your Rights Training Resources Workplace Technology CareerConnect Stories Working as a Senior with Vision Loss For Seniors Age-Related Vision ... Changes Health and Aging Retirement Living Continuing to Work as a Senior with Vision Loss Get Connected About VisionAware Join ...

Temps et espace de l'antiquité à nos jours

CERN Document Server

Rovelli, Carlo

2007-01-01

Des visions du cosmos dans la Grèce ancienne aux théories récentes sur la gravité quantique, Carlo Rovelli explore les métamorphoses de la notion d'espace et de temps. Une approche lumineuse de l'histoire des sciences par le biais de ces "coordonnées fondamentales de notre description du monde". Au terme de ce voyage, qui fait la part belle aux recherches actuelles, se dessine un Univers fascinant fait de " grains d'espace", où le temps pourrait n'être qu'un effet de notre ignorance des lois du monde.

Static and dynamic postural control in low-vision and normal-vision adults.

Science.gov (United States)

Tomomitsu, Mônica S V; Alonso, Angelica Castilho; Morimoto, Eurica; Bobbio, Tatiana G; Greve, Julia M D

2013-04-01

This study aimed to evaluate the influence of reduced visual information on postural control by comparing low-vision and normal-vision adults in static and dynamic conditions. Twenty-five low-vision subjects and twenty-five normal sighted adults were evaluated for static and dynamic balance using four protocols: 1) the Modified Clinical Test of Sensory Interaction on Balance on firm and foam surfaces with eyes opened and closed; 2) Unilateral Stance with eyes opened and closed; 3) Tandem Walk; and 4) Step Up/Over. The results showed that the low-vision group presented greater body sway compared with the normal vision during balance on a foam surface (p≤0.001), the Unilateral Stance test for both limbs (p≤0.001), and the Tandem Walk test. The low-vision group showed greater step width (p≤0.001) and slower gait speed (p≤0.004). In the Step Up/Over task, low-vision participants were more cautious in stepping up (right p≤0.005 and left p≤0.009) and in executing the movement (p≤0.001). These findings suggest that visual feedback is crucial for determining balance, especially for dynamic tasks and on foam surfaces. Low-vision individuals had worse postural stability than normal-vision adults in terms of dynamic tests and balance on foam surfaces.

Bio-objects and the media: the role of communication in bio-objectification processes.

Science.gov (United States)

Maeseele, Pieter; Allgaier, Joachim; Martinelli, Lucia

2013-06-01

The representation of biological innovations in and through communication and media practices is vital for understanding the nature of "bio-objects" and the process we call "bio-objectification." This paper discusses two ideal-typical analytical approaches based on different underlying communication models, ie, the traditional (science- and media-centered) and media sociological (a multi-layered process involving various social actors in defining the meanings of scientific and technological developments) approach. In this analysis, the latter is not only found to be the most promising approach for understanding the circulation, (re)production, and (re)configuration of meanings of bio-objects, but also to interpret the relationship between media and science. On the basis of a few selected examples, this paper highlights how media function as a primary arena for the (re)production and (re)configuration of scientific and biomedical information with regards to bio-objects in the public sphere in general, and toward decision-makers, interest groups, and the public in specific.

VISION development

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Hernandez, J.E.; Sherwood, R.J.; Whitman, S.R.

1994-01-01

VISION is a flexible and extensible object-oriented programming environment for prototyping computer-vision and pattern-recognition algorithms. This year's effort focused on three major areas: documentation, graphics, and support for new applications

Vision-based interaction

CERN Document Server

Turk, Matthew

2013-01-01

In its early years, the field of computer vision was largely motivated by researchers seeking computational models of biological vision and solutions to practical problems in manufacturing, defense, and medicine. For the past two decades or so, there has been an increasing interest in computer vision as an input modality in the context of human-computer interaction. Such vision-based interaction can endow interactive systems with visual capabilities similar to those important to human-human interaction, in order to perceive non-verbal cues and incorporate this information in applications such

Performances de reproduction dans l’espèce féline en élevage en France

OpenAIRE

Masson, Marine

2016-01-01

Notre étude a pour objectif d’établir des données de référence aux performances de reproduction des chats de race. Cette thèse s’appuie sur l’analyse d’une base de données issue d’un logiciel d’aide à la gestion des élevages félins (Breeding Management System®, BMS, Royal Canin, Aimargues, France). Les informations ont été récoltées de façon anonyme auprès de 1537 éleveurs et portent sur 9327 périodes de chaleurs de 5415 reproductrices de 45 races différentes, 7293 portées et 28966 chatons. L...

Système d'information et d'assistance à la conduite pour la mise en oeuvre de la sécurité à bord d'un véhicule

OpenAIRE

Cai , Shichao

2011-01-01

Dans un souci d'amélioration des conditions de sécurité routière, l'union Européenne s'est fixée comme objectif de réduire le nombre de décès sur les routes. Le projet Européen ASSET aspire à l'amélioration de la sécurité et de la protection des conducteurs, des engins roulants ainsi que des infrastructures routières. Notre travail de thèse s'inscrit pleinement dans le cadre du projet ASSET et a pour application le développement d'outils théoriques et pratiques intégrant un véhicule lambda po...

Mal être et souffrance psychique : un défi pour le système de santé ?

OpenAIRE

Grand, Alain

2018-01-01

Dans un contexte socio-économique qui se durcit, on peut observer l’apparition d’un “effet ciseau” vis-à-vis de la santé. La dette sociale et le déficit de la sécurité sociale se creusent de manière abyssale (30,6 milliards d’euros de déficit prévu pour l’exercice 2010) ce qui affecte notamment les hôpitaux publics, et tout particulièrement les Centres Hospitaliers Régionaux. Dans ce contexte, l’objectif général de notre système de santé est d’adapter l’offre aux besoins. Or, avec le vieillis...

Impact de la qualité de l'audit externe sur la liquidité des titres des entreprises tunisiennes cotées

OpenAIRE

Faten Hakim Ghorbel

2008-01-01

Cette recherche a pour objectif d'étudier l'impact de la qualité d'audit externe sur la liquidité. Nous appréhendons la qualité d'audit dans le cadre de notre étude par "la qualité de l'auditeur", et notamment de son indépendance et de ses compétences. Après avoir contrôlé l'effet d'autres variables censées, d'après la théorie, influencer la liquidité, les tests effectués ont permis de dégager une relation positive entre l'appartenance des auditeurs à un réseau international (Big 4), la spéci...

Impact de la qualité de l'audit externe sur la liquidité des titres des entreprises tunisiennes cotées : Investigation théorique et évidence empirique

OpenAIRE

Hakim Ghorbel , Faten

2008-01-01

International audience; Cette recherche a pour objectif d'étudier l'impact de la qualité d'audit externe sur la liquidité. Nous appréhendons la qualité d'audit dans le cadre de notre étude par "la qualité de l'auditeur", et notamment de son indépendance et de ses compétences. Après avoir contrôlé l'effet d'autres variables censées, d'après la théorie, influencer la liquidité, les tests effectués ont permis de dégager une relation positive entre l'appartenance des auditeurs à un réseau interna...

Analyse des difficultés de l’expression orale Chez des collégiens algériens

OpenAIRE

BEKARA, Nacéra

2014-01-01

Ce mémoire se compose de trois parties, la première est consacrée à la définition des concepts théoriques : l’expression orale et la communication, dans la deuxième partie, on a analysé les difficultés rencontrées par les élèves du collège. La troisième partie contient les activités proposées pour favoriser un bon fonctionnement de la communication en classe de langue étrangère. L’objectif de notre travail est d’aider les élèves à améliorer leur compétence de communiquer, de s’exprimer ...

Myélome multiple survenant au cours d'une Fièvre Méditerranéenne Familiale

Science.gov (United States)

Salem, Bouomrani; Afef, Farah; Nadia, Bouassida; Nabil, Ayadi; Zouhir, Bahloul; Maher, Béji

2013-01-01

L'objectif de ce travail est de rapporter une observation particulière de myélome multiple survenant au cours d'une maladie périodique. Il s'agit d'un patient tunisien de 53 ans suivi depuis le jeune âge pour maladie périodique dont le diagnostic était confirmé par l’étude génétique montrant l'homozygotie pour la mutation M694V du gène MEFV, fut admis pour exploration d'une douleur avec tuméfaction fessière droite récente. Les explorations biologiques et radiologiques ont permis de retenir le diagnostic d'un myélome multiple de type IgA à chaînes légères kappa stade III B, associé à une volumineuse localisation plasmocytaire très agressive de l'aile iliaque droite envahissant les structures musculaires avoisinantes. Notre observation, qui à notre connaissance est la deuxième signalant une telle association, se distingue par sa survenue brutale, sa progression rapide et le caractère très agressif de l'hémopathie. PMID:24255729

Materialists on Facebook: the self-regulatory role of social comparisons and the objectification of Facebook friends.

Science.gov (United States)

Ozimek, Phillip; Baer, Fiona; Förster, Jens

2017-11-01

In this study, we examine chronic materialism as a possible motive for Facebook usage. We test an explanatory mediation model predicting that materialists use Facebook more frequently, because they compare themselves to others, they objectify and instrumentalize others, and they accumulate friends. For this, we conducted two online surveys ( N 1 = 242, N 2 = 289) assessing demographic variables, Facebook use, social comparison, materialism, objectification and instrumentalization. Results confirm the predicted mediation model. Our findings suggest that Facebook can be used as a means to an end in a way of self-regulatory processes, like satisfying of materialistic goals. The findings are the first evidence for our Social Online Self-regulation Theory (SOS-T), which contains numerous predictions that can be tested in the future.

Barriers to accessing low vision services.

Science.gov (United States)

Pollard, Tamara L; Simpson, John A; Lamoureux, Ecosse L; Keeffe, Jill E

2003-07-01

To investigate barriers to accessing low vision services in Australia. Adults with a vision impairment (vision difficulties, duration of vision loss and satisfaction with vision and also examined issues of awareness of low vision services and referral to services. Focus groups were also conducted with vision impaired (Vision Australia Foundation. The discussions were recorded and transcribed. The questionnaire revealed that referral to low vision services was associated with a greater degree of vision loss (p = 0.002) and a greater self-perception of low vision (p = 0.005) but that referral was not associated with satisfaction (p = 0.144) or difficulties related to vision (p = 0.169). Participants with mild and moderate vision impairment each reported similar levels of difficulties with daily activities and satisfaction with their vision (p > 0.05). However, there was a significant difference in the level of difficulties experienced with daily activities between those with mild-moderate and severe vision impairment (p low vision services related to awareness of services among the general public and eye care professionals, understanding of low vision and the services available, acceptance of low vision, the referral process, and transport. In addition to the expected difficulties with lack of awareness of services by people with low vision, many people do not understand what the services provide and do not identify themselves as having low vision. Knowledge of these barriers, from the perspective of people with low vision, can now be used to guide the development and content of future health-promotion campaigns.

Progress in computer vision.

Science.gov (United States)

Jain, A. K.; Dorai, C.

Computer vision has emerged as a challenging and important area of research, both as an engineering and a scientific discipline. The growing importance of computer vision is evident from the fact that it was identified as one of the "Grand Challenges" and also from its prominent role in the National Information Infrastructure. While the design of a general-purpose vision system continues to be elusive machine vision systems are being used successfully in specific application elusive, machine vision systems are being used successfully in specific application domains. Building a practical vision system requires a careful selection of appropriate sensors, extraction and integration of information from available cues in the sensed data, and evaluation of system robustness and performance. The authors discuss and demonstrate advantages of (1) multi-sensor fusion, (2) combination of features and classifiers, (3) integration of visual modules, and (IV) admissibility and goal-directed evaluation of vision algorithms. The requirements of several prominent real world applications such as biometry, document image analysis, image and video database retrieval, and automatic object model construction offer exciting problems and new opportunities to design and evaluate vision algorithms.

The CCH Vision Stimulation Program for Infants with Low Vision: Preliminary Results.

Science.gov (United States)

Leguire, L. E.; And Others

1992-01-01

This study evaluated the Columbus (Ohio) Children's Hospital vision stimulation program, involving in-home intervention with 15 visually impaired infants. Comparison with controls indicated benefits of appropriate vision stimulation in increasing the neural foundation for vision and visual-motor function in visually impaired infants. (Author/DB)

CARACTERÍSTICAS Y EVOLUCIÓN DE LA REVISTA DIDÁCTICA GEOGRÁFICA

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Rafael Sebastiá Alcaraz

2011-12-01

�tudierles aspects qualitatifs et quantitatifs et, en particulier, la question formelle, lescaractéristiques des auteurs, la nature des contenus, l'iconographie utilisée, la présencedes nouvelles technologies, etc.Finalement, notre étude présente une vision critique de la revue avec l'objectif derenforcer un milieu de rencontre entre les enseignants en géographie et prétendcontribuer à la diffusion de la recherche éducative pour améliorer l’enseignement decette discipline.MOTS-CLÉS:Analyse, Revue, Didactique géographique.

Machine Vision Handbook

CERN Document Server

2012-01-01

The automation of visual inspection is becoming more and more important in modern industry as a consistent, reliable means of judging the quality of raw materials and manufactured goods . The Machine Vision Handbook  equips the reader with the practical details required to engineer integrated mechanical-optical-electronic-software systems. Machine vision is first set in the context of basic information on light, natural vision, colour sensing and optics. The physical apparatus required for mechanized image capture – lenses, cameras, scanners and light sources – are discussed followed by detailed treatment of various image-processing methods including an introduction to the QT image processing system. QT is unique to this book, and provides an example of a practical machine vision system along with extensive libraries of useful commands, functions and images which can be implemented by the reader. The main text of the book is completed by studies of a wide variety of applications of machine vision in insp...

Agnosic vision is like peripheral vision, which is limited by crowding.

Science.gov (United States)

Strappini, Francesca; Pelli, Denis G; Di Pace, Enrico; Martelli, Marialuisa

2017-04-01

Visual agnosia is a neuropsychological impairment of visual object recognition despite near-normal acuity and visual fields. A century of research has provided only a rudimentary account of the functional damage underlying this deficit. We find that the object-recognition ability of agnosic patients viewing an object directly is like that of normally-sighted observers viewing it indirectly, with peripheral vision. Thus, agnosic vision is like peripheral vision. We obtained 14 visual-object-recognition tests that are commonly used for diagnosis of visual agnosia. Our "standard" normal observer took these tests at various eccentricities in his periphery. Analyzing the published data of 32 apperceptive agnosia patients and a group of 14 posterior cortical atrophy (PCA) patients on these tests, we find that each patient's pattern of object recognition deficits is well characterized by one number, the equivalent eccentricity at which our standard observer's peripheral vision is like the central vision of the agnosic patient. In other words, each agnosic patient's equivalent eccentricity is conserved across tests. Across patients, equivalent eccentricity ranges from 4 to 40 deg, which rates severity of the visual deficit. In normal peripheral vision, the required size to perceive a simple image (e.g., an isolated letter) is limited by acuity, and that for a complex image (e.g., a face or a word) is limited by crowding. In crowding, adjacent simple objects appear unrecognizably jumbled unless their spacing exceeds the crowding distance, which grows linearly with eccentricity. Besides conservation of equivalent eccentricity across object-recognition tests, we also find conservation, from eccentricity to agnosia, of the relative susceptibility of recognition of ten visual tests. These findings show that agnosic vision is like eccentric vision. Whence crowding? Peripheral vision, strabismic amblyopia, and possibly apperceptive agnosia are all limited by crowding, making it

Gender differences in adolescent sport participation, teasing, self-objectification and body image concerns.

Science.gov (United States)

Slater, Amy; Tiggemann, Marika

2011-06-01

This study examined gender differences in adolescent participation in sport and physical activity, in teasing experiences specific to the physical activity domain, and the relationship between adolescent physical activity and body image. A sample of 714 adolescents (332 girls, 382 boys) aged between 12 and 16 years completed measures of participation in organised sport and other physical activities, experiences of teasing specific to sport, self-objectification and body image. Adolescent girls participated in organised sport at a lower rate than boys, but experienced higher levels of teasing. Both girls and boys reported being teased by same-sex peers, but in addition, girls also reported being teased by opposite-sex peers (i.e. boys). Time spent on aesthetic physical activities was related to disordered eating symptomatology for both girls and boys. It was concluded that teasing and body image concerns may contribute to adolescent girls' reduced rates of participation in sports and other physical activities. Copyright © 2010 The Foundation for Professionals in Services for Adolescents. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Peripheral vision of youths with low vision: motion perception, crowding, and visual search.

Science.gov (United States)

Tadin, Duje; Nyquist, Jeffrey B; Lusk, Kelly E; Corn, Anne L; Lappin, Joseph S

2012-08-24

Effects of low vision on peripheral visual function are poorly understood, especially in children whose visual skills are still developing. The aim of this study was to measure both central and peripheral visual functions in youths with typical and low vision. Of specific interest was the extent to which measures of foveal function predict performance of peripheral tasks. We assessed central and peripheral visual functions in youths with typical vision (n = 7, ages 10-17) and low vision (n = 24, ages 9-18). Experimental measures used both static and moving stimuli and included visual crowding, visual search, motion acuity, motion direction discrimination, and multitarget motion comparison. In most tasks, visual function was impaired in youths with low vision. Substantial differences, however, were found both between participant groups and, importantly, across different tasks within participant groups. Foveal visual acuity was a modest predictor of peripheral form vision and motion sensitivity in either the central or peripheral field. Despite exhibiting normal motion discriminations in fovea, motion sensitivity of youths with low vision deteriorated in the periphery. This contrasted with typically sighted participants, who showed improved motion sensitivity with increasing eccentricity. Visual search was greatly impaired in youths with low vision. Our results reveal a complex pattern of visual deficits in peripheral vision and indicate a significant role of attentional mechanisms in observed impairments. These deficits were not adequately captured by measures of foveal function, arguing for the importance of independently assessing peripheral visual function.

Vision restoration after brain and retina damage: the "residual vision activation theory".

Science.gov (United States)

Sabel, Bernhard A; Henrich-Noack, Petra; Fedorov, Anton; Gall, Carolin

2011-01-01

Vision loss after retinal or cerebral visual injury (CVI) was long considered to be irreversible. However, there is considerable potential for vision restoration and recovery even in adulthood. Here, we propose the "residual vision activation theory" of how visual functions can be reactivated and restored. CVI is usually not complete, but some structures are typically spared by the damage. They include (i) areas of partial damage at the visual field border, (ii) "islands" of surviving tissue inside the blind field, (iii) extrastriate pathways unaffected by the damage, and (iv) downstream, higher-level neuronal networks. However, residual structures have a triple handicap to be fully functional: (i) fewer neurons, (ii) lack of sufficient attentional resources because of the dominant intact hemisphere caused by excitation/inhibition dysbalance, and (iii) disturbance in their temporal processing. Because of this resulting activation loss, residual structures are unable to contribute much to everyday vision, and their "non-use" further impairs synaptic strength. However, residual structures can be reactivated by engaging them in repetitive stimulation by different means: (i) visual experience, (ii) visual training, or (iii) noninvasive electrical brain current stimulation. These methods lead to strengthening of synaptic transmission and synchronization of partially damaged structures (within-systems plasticity) and downstream neuronal networks (network plasticity). Just as in normal perceptual learning, synaptic plasticity can improve vision and lead to vision restoration. This can be induced at any time after the lesion, at all ages and in all types of visual field impairments after retinal or brain damage (stroke, neurotrauma, glaucoma, amblyopia, age-related macular degeneration). If and to what extent vision restoration can be achieved is a function of the amount of residual tissue and its activation state. However, sustained improvements require repetitive

Filtering and polychromatic vision in mantis shrimps: themes in visible and ultraviolet vision.

Science.gov (United States)

Cronin, Thomas W; Bok, Michael J; Marshall, N Justin; Caldwell, Roy L

2014-01-01

Stomatopod crustaceans have the most complex and diverse assortment of retinal photoreceptors of any animals, with 16 functional classes. The receptor classes are subdivided into sets responsible for ultraviolet vision, spatial vision, colour vision and polarization vision. Many of these receptor classes are spectrally tuned by filtering pigments located in photoreceptors or overlying optical elements. At visible wavelengths, carotenoproteins or similar substances are packed into vesicles used either as serial, intrarhabdomal filters or lateral filters. A single retina may contain a diversity of these filtering pigments paired with specific photoreceptors, and the pigments used vary between and within species both taxonomically and ecologically. Ultraviolet-filtering pigments in the crystalline cones serve to tune ultraviolet vision in these animals as well, and some ultraviolet receptors themselves act as birefringent filters to enable circular polarization vision. Stomatopods have reached an evolutionary extreme in their use of filter mechanisms to tune photoreception to habitat and behaviour, allowing them to extend the spectral range of their vision both deeper into the ultraviolet and further into the red.

Materialists on Facebook: the self-regulatory role of social comparisons and the objectification of Facebook friends

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Phillip Ozimek

2017-11-01

Full Text Available In this study, we examine chronic materialism as a possible motive for Facebook usage. We test an explanatory mediation model predicting that materialists use Facebook more frequently, because they compare themselves to others, they objectify and instrumentalize others, and they accumulate friends. For this, we conducted two online surveys (N1 = 242, N2 = 289 assessing demographic variables, Facebook use, social comparison, materialism, objectification and instrumentalization. Results confirm the predicted mediation model. Our findings suggest that Facebook can be used as a means to an end in a way of self-regulatory processes, like satisfying of materialistic goals. The findings are the first evidence for our Social Online Self-regulation Theory (SOS-T, which contains numerous predictions that can be tested in the future. Keywords: Psychology, Information science

Micro Vision

OpenAIRE

Ohba, Kohtaro; Ohara, Kenichi

2007-01-01

In the field of the micro vision, there are few researches compared with macro environment. However, applying to the study result for macro computer vision technique, you can measure and observe the micro environment. Moreover, based on the effects of micro environment, it is possible to discovery the new theories and new techniques.

Low Vision Devices and Training

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Imran Azam Butt

2004-01-01

Full Text Available Vision is the ability to see with a clear perception of detail, colour and contrast, and to distinguish objects visually. Like any other sense, vision tends to deteriorate or diminish naturally with age. In most cases, reduction in visual capability can be corrected with glasses, medicine or surgery. However, if the visual changes occur because of an incurable eye disease, condition or injury, vision loss can be permanent. Many people around the world with permanent visual impairment have some residual vision which can be used with the help of low vision services, materials and devices. This paper describes different options for the enhancement of residual vision including optical and non-optical devices and providing training for the low vision client.

Research on robot navigation vision sensor based on grating projection stereo vision

Science.gov (United States)

Zhang, Xiaoling; Luo, Yinsheng; Lin, Yuchi; Zhu, Lei

2016-10-01

A novel visual navigation method based on grating projection stereo vision for mobile robot in dark environment is proposed. This method is combining with grating projection profilometry of plane structured light and stereo vision technology. It can be employed to realize obstacle detection, SLAM (Simultaneous Localization and Mapping) and vision odometry for mobile robot navigation in dark environment without the image match in stereo vision technology and without phase unwrapping in the grating projection profilometry. First, we research the new vision sensor theoretical, and build geometric and mathematical model of the grating projection stereo vision system. Second, the computational method of 3D coordinates of space obstacle in the robot's visual field is studied, and then the obstacles in the field is located accurately. The result of simulation experiment and analysis shows that this research is useful to break the current autonomous navigation problem of mobile robot in dark environment, and to provide the theoretical basis and exploration direction for further study on navigation of space exploring robot in the dark and without GPS environment.

Peripheral Vision of Youths with Low Vision: Motion Perception, Crowding, and Visual Search

Science.gov (United States)

Tadin, Duje; Nyquist, Jeffrey B.; Lusk, Kelly E.; Corn, Anne L.; Lappin, Joseph S.

2012-01-01

Purpose. Effects of low vision on peripheral visual function are poorly understood, especially in children whose visual skills are still developing. The aim of this study was to measure both central and peripheral visual functions in youths with typical and low vision. Of specific interest was the extent to which measures of foveal function predict performance of peripheral tasks. Methods. We assessed central and peripheral visual functions in youths with typical vision (n = 7, ages 10–17) and low vision (n = 24, ages 9–18). Experimental measures used both static and moving stimuli and included visual crowding, visual search, motion acuity, motion direction discrimination, and multitarget motion comparison. Results. In most tasks, visual function was impaired in youths with low vision. Substantial differences, however, were found both between participant groups and, importantly, across different tasks within participant groups. Foveal visual acuity was a modest predictor of peripheral form vision and motion sensitivity in either the central or peripheral field. Despite exhibiting normal motion discriminations in fovea, motion sensitivity of youths with low vision deteriorated in the periphery. This contrasted with typically sighted participants, who showed improved motion sensitivity with increasing eccentricity. Visual search was greatly impaired in youths with low vision. Conclusions. Our results reveal a complex pattern of visual deficits in peripheral vision and indicate a significant role of attentional mechanisms in observed impairments. These deficits were not adequately captured by measures of foveal function, arguing for the importance of independently assessing peripheral visual function. PMID:22836766

Chemicals Industry Vision

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

none,

1996-12-01

Chemical industry leaders articulated a long-term vision for the industry, its markets, and its technology in the groundbreaking 1996 document Technology Vision 2020 - The U.S. Chemical Industry. (PDF 310 KB).

Low Vision Tips

Science.gov (United States)

... this page: https://medlineplus.gov/lowvision.html MedlinePlus: Low Vision Tips We are sorry. MedlinePlus no longer maintains the For Low Vision Users page. You will still find health resources ...

Review: Familiarity to Vision Rehabilitation Process

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Nasser Sadegh-Pour

2006-10-01

Full Text Available Considering the numbers of low vision patients who have been visited and treated in eye clinics, sometimes there is no exact treatment to increase their visual acuity. Therefore, the necessity to pay attention to vision rehabilitation for them is strongly felt. The aims of this essay are to define vision rehabilitation and its process in relevant centers (called Low Vision Clinic.The statistic of low vision people is reported and the method of collecting data is described. Standard definition, causes of low vision and related diseases (congenital, heredity, acquired… are explained. In addition, low vision aids and role of test and prescription are discussed. Sometimes ophthalmologists and optometrists can not exactly cure patient to raise their V.A because there is no treatment or drug or ordinary glasses. In these cases the clients should refer to low vision clinic and visit low vision specialist on vision rehabilitation process. After primary evaluation they are tested completely and at the end are prescribed proper low vision aid and also provided with advice in relation to career, education role and training techniques especially in children. At the last part of present dissertation, some examples are provided to show effectiveness of vision rehabilitation and low vision aid among the clients in different countries.

Head-Mounted Display Technology for Low Vision Rehabilitation and Vision Enhancement

Science.gov (United States)

Ehrlich, Joshua R.; Ojeda, Lauro V.; Wicker, Donna; Day, Sherry; Howson, Ashley; Lakshminarayanan, Vasudevan; Moroi, Sayoko E.

2017-01-01

Purpose To describe the various types of head-mounted display technology, their optical and human factors considerations, and their potential for use in low vision rehabilitation and vision enhancement. Design Expert perspective. Methods An overview of head-mounted display technology by an interdisciplinary team of experts drawing on key literature in the field. Results Head-mounted display technologies can be classified based on their display type and optical design. See-through displays such as retinal projection devices have the greatest potential for use as low vision aids. Devices vary by their relationship to the user’s eyes, field of view, illumination, resolution, color, stereopsis, effect on head motion and user interface. These optical and human factors considerations are important when selecting head-mounted displays for specific applications and patient groups. Conclusions Head-mounted display technologies may offer advantages over conventional low vision aids. Future research should compare head-mounted displays to commonly prescribed low vision aids in order to compare their effectiveness in addressing the impairments and rehabilitation goals of diverse patient populations. PMID:28048975

Profile of Low Vision Population Attending Low Vision Clinic in a Peripheral Eye Hospital in Nepal

OpenAIRE

Safal Khanal, BOptom; Pekila Lama, MD

2013-01-01

Background: Blindness and low vision are major causes of morbidity and constitute a significant public health problem, both detrimental to the quality of life for the individual and an economic burden on the individual, family, and society in general. People with low vision have the potential for enhancement of functional vision if they receive the appropriate low vision services. The present study aims to determine the profile of the low vision population attending a low vision clinic at a p...

Learning from vision-to-touch is different than from touch-to-vision.

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Dagmar A Wismeijer

2012-11-01

Full Text Available We studied whether vision can teach touch to the same extent as touch seems to teach vision. In a 2 x 2 between-participants learning study, we artificially correlated visual gloss cues with haptic compliance cues. In two "natural" tasks, we tested whether visual gloss estimations have an influence on haptic estimations of softness and vice versa. In two "new" tasks, in which participants were either asked to haptically judge glossiness or to visually judge softness, we investigated how perceptual estimates transfer from one sense to the other. Our results showed that vision does not teach touch as efficient as touch seems to teach vision.

ETUDE ANALYTIQUE DES CARACTERES PHYSICO-CHIMIQUES ET HYDRIQUES DE DEUX TYPES DE BENTONITE (exemple de la bentonite de Maghnia et de la bentonite de Mostaganem)

OpenAIRE

MELKI, Abderrahim

2015-01-01

L'objectif de notre travail consiste a étudier les dépôts néogènes et essentiellement les dépôts argileux qui sont l'une des caractéristiques du bassin néogène du Bas Chélif et la plaine de Maghnia, présentant des propriétés spécifiques pour diverses applications. Des échantillons ont été prélevés en trois points des deux gisements. Les paramètres physico-chimiques et hydriques des échantillons d'argile bentonitique prélevés ont été analysés: l'indice de gonflement, la matière ...

Biofeedback for Better Vision

Science.gov (United States)

1990-01-01

Biofeedtrac, Inc.'s Accommotrac Vision Trainer, invented by Dr. Joseph Trachtman, is based on vision research performed by Ames Research Center and a special optometer developed for the Ames program by Stanford Research Institute. In the United States, about 150 million people are myopes (nearsighted), who tend to overfocus when they look at distant objects causing blurry distant vision, or hyperopes (farsighted), whose vision blurs when they look at close objects because they tend to underfocus. The Accommotrac system is an optical/electronic system used by a doctor as an aid in teaching a patient how to contract and relax the ciliary body, the focusing muscle. The key is biofeedback, wherein the patient learns to control a bodily process or function he is not normally aware of. Trachtman claims a 90 percent success rate for correcting, improving or stopping focusing problems. The Vision Trainer has also proved effective in treating other eye problems such as eye oscillation, cross eyes, and lazy eye and in professional sports to improve athletes' peripheral vision and reaction time.

Low Vision Rehabilitation and Diabetic Retinopathy

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Khan, Sarfaraz A.

2007-01-01

Diabetic retinopathy is emerging as a major cause of blindness. Diabetic retinopathy calls for a multidisciplinary to the patients. Management of the patient requires a team work by the internist, diabetologist, dietician, ophthalmologist and low vision therapist. Diabetic retinopathy very often results in vision loss. It is important for ophthalmologist to recognize the importance of low vision rehabilitation in formulating appropriate treatment strategies. People with low vision loss due to diabetic retinopathy usually experience difficulty in daily life. Most people with diabetic retinopathy (who have remaining useful vision) can be helped with low vision devices. However, often one low vision device may not be suitable for all purposes. A comprehensive low vision evaluation is required to assess the person's current visual status, identify the goals and the visual needs, and then design an individualized vision rehabilitation program to meet these needs. (author)

Beauty and cuteness in peripheral vision

Science.gov (United States)

Kuraguchi, Kana; Ashida, Hiroshi

2015-01-01

Guo et al. (2011) showed that attractiveness was detectable in peripheral vision. Since there are different types of attractiveness (Rhodes, 2006), we investigated how beauty and cuteness are detected in peripheral vision with a brief presentation. Participants (n = 45) observed two Japanese female faces for 100 ms, then were asked to respond which face was more beautiful (or cuter). The results indicated that both beauty and cuteness were detectable in peripheral vision, but not in the same manner. Discrimination rates for judging beauty were invariant in peripheral and central vision, while discrimination rates for judging cuteness declined in peripheral vision as compared with central vision. This was not explained by lower resolution in peripheral vision. In addition, for male participants, it was more difficult to judge cuteness than beauty in peripheral vision, thus suggesting that gender differences can have a certain effect when judging cuteness. Therefore, central vision might be suitable for judging cuteness while judging beauty might not be affected by either central or peripheral vision. This might be related with the functional difference between beauty and cuteness. PMID:25999883

Efficacy of vision therapy in children with learning disability and associated binocular vision anomalies.

Science.gov (United States)

Hussaindeen, Jameel Rizwana; Shah, Prerana; Ramani, Krishna Kumar; Ramanujan, Lalitha

To report the frequency of binocular vision (BV) anomalies in children with specific learning disorders (SLD) and to assess the efficacy of vision therapy (VT) in children with a non-strabismic binocular vision anomaly (NSBVA). The study was carried out at a centre for learning disability (LD). Comprehensive eye examination and binocular vision assessment was carried out for 94 children (mean (SD) age: 15 (2.2) years) diagnosed with specific learning disorder. BV assessment was done for children with best corrected visual acuity of ≥6/9 - N6, cooperative for examination and free from any ocular pathology. For children with a diagnosis of NSBVA (n=46), 24 children were randomized to VT and no intervention was provided to the other 22 children who served as experimental controls. At the end of 10 sessions of vision therapy, BV assessment was performed for both the intervention and non-intervention groups. Binocular vision anomalies were found in 59 children (62.8%) among which 22% (n=13) had strabismic binocular vision anomalies (SBVA) and 78% (n=46) had a NSBVA. Accommodative infacility (AIF) was the commonest of the NSBVA and found in 67%, followed by convergence insufficiency (CI) in 25%. Post-vision therapy, the intervention group showed significant improvement in all the BV parameters (Wilcoxon signed rank test, p<0.05) except negative fusional vergence. Children with specific learning disorders have a high frequency of binocular vision disorders and vision therapy plays a significant role in improving the BV parameters. Children with SLD should be screened for BV anomalies as it could potentially be an added hindrance to the reading difficulty in this special population. Copyright © 2017 Spanish General Council of Optometry. Published by Elsevier España, S.L.U. All rights reserved.

Synthetic vision to augment sensor based vision for remotely piloted vehicles

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Tadema, J.; Koeners, J.; Theunissen, E.

2006-01-01

In the past fifteen years, several research programs have demonstrated potential advantages of synthetic vision technology for manned aviation. More recently, some research programs have focused on integrating synthetic vision technology into control stations for remotely controlled aircraft. The

What You Should Know (Low Vision)

Science.gov (United States)

... Cataract Diabetic retinopathy Glaucoma Macular degeneration What is low vision? When you have low vision, eyeglasses, contact lenses, ... eyesight. How do I know if I have low vision? Below are some signs of low vision. Even ...

Vision Problems in Homeless Children.

Science.gov (United States)

Smith, Natalie L; Smith, Thomas J; DeSantis, Diana; Suhocki, Marissa; Fenske, Danielle

2015-08-01

Vision problems in homeless children can decrease educational achievement and quality of life. To estimate the prevalence and specific diagnoses of vision problems in children in an urban homeless shelter. A prospective series of 107 homeless children and teenagers who underwent screening with a vision questionnaire, eye chart screening (if mature enough) and if vision problem suspected, evaluation by a pediatric ophthalmologist. Glasses and other therapeutic interventions were provided if necessary. The prevalence of vision problems in this population was 25%. Common diagnoses included astigmatism, amblyopia, anisometropia, myopia, and hyperopia. Glasses were required and provided for 24 children (22%). Vision problems in homeless children are common and frequently correctable with ophthalmic intervention. Evaluation by pediatric ophthalmologist is crucial for accurate diagnoses and treatment. Our system of screening and evaluation is feasible, efficacious, and reproducible in other homeless care situations.

Genetics Home Reference: color vision deficiency

Science.gov (United States)

... my area? Other Names for This Condition color blindness color vision defects defective color vision vision defect, color ... Perception KidsHealth from the Nemours Foundation MalaCards: color blindness MalaCards: color vision deficiency Orphanet: Blue cone monochromatism Orphanet: NON ...

Militantisme et identités gaies et lesbiennes : quelle identité pour quels objectifs ?

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Guillaume Marche

2008-05-01

Full Text Available Le contexte de la guerre d’Irak met les mouvements sociaux identitaires face à un défi. Le mouvement gai, lesbien, bisexuel et transgenre (glbt se divise ainsi sur la question de savoir si son militantisme doit exclusivement se porter sur des enjeux d’orientation sexuelle. Cela rejoint la question théorique du rapport entre identité collective et objectifs politiques : l’identité est-elle conditionnée par les objectifs, ou est-ce l’inverse ? Les prises de position divergentes des organisations glbt sur la guerre d’Irak permettent de conclure que l’identité n’est pas donnée a priori — c’est-à-dire qu’elle n’est pas a priori apolitique pour n’être politisée que par nécessité – mais que c’est un vecteur de sens politique, qui ne définit pas la posture politique, mais la véhicule et en est le signifiant. Ainsi, la ligne de fracture politique pertinente dans le mouvement glbt ne correspond pas aux divisions traditionnelles universalisme–différentialisme ou intégrationnisme–séparatisme, mais à la distinction entre des conceptions fixes et fluides de l’identité collective.The war in Iraq poses a challenge for identity-based social movements. The lesbian, gay, bisexual and transgender (LGBT movement is split as to whether it should mobilize exclusively around issues narrowly defined in terms of sexual orientation. This raises the theoretical issue of the relationship between collective identity and political goals: is identity determined by goals, or is it the reverse? LGBT organizations’ diverging stances on the war in Iraq lead us to conclude that identity is not a given—an essentially apolitical identity which is politicized out of necessity—but a vehicle and a signifier of political meaning which it does not in itself determine. Consequently, the politically significant fault-line in the LGBT movement does not derive from traditional divisions (sameness v. difference, integration

Learning from vision-to-touch is different than learning from touch-to-vision.

Science.gov (United States)

Wismeijer, Dagmar A; Gegenfurtner, Karl R; Drewing, Knut

2012-01-01

We studied whether vision can teach touch to the same extent as touch seems to teach vision. In a 2 × 2 between-participants learning study, we artificially correlated visual gloss cues with haptic compliance cues. In two "natural" tasks, we tested whether visual gloss estimations have an influence on haptic estimations of softness and vice versa. In two "novel" tasks, in which participants were either asked to haptically judge glossiness or to visually judge softness, we investigated how perceptual estimates transfer from one sense to the other. Our results showed that vision does not teach touch as efficient as touch seems to teach vision.

IDA's Energy Vision 2050

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Mathiesen, Brian Vad; Lund, Henrik; Hansen, Kenneth

IDA’s Energy Vision 2050 provides a Smart Energy System strategy for a 100% renewable Denmark in 2050. The vision presented should not be regarded as the only option in 2050 but as one scenario out of several possibilities. With this vision the Danish Society of Engineers, IDA, presents its third...... contribution for an energy strategy for Denmark. The IDA’s Energy Plan 2030 was prepared in 2006 and IDA’s Climate Plan was prepared in 2009. IDA’s Energy Vision 2050 is developed for IDA by representatives from The Society of Engineers and by a group of researchers at Aalborg University. It is based on state......-of-the-art knowledge about how low cost energy systems can be designed while also focusing on long-term resource efficiency. The Energy Vision 2050 has the ambition to focus on all parts of the energy system rather than single technologies, but to have an approach in which all sectors are integrated. While Denmark...

Panoramic stereo sphere vision

Science.gov (United States)

Feng, Weijia; Zhang, Baofeng; Röning, Juha; Zong, Xiaoning; Yi, Tian

2013-01-01

Conventional stereo vision systems have a small field of view (FOV) which limits their usefulness for certain applications. While panorama vision is able to "see" in all directions of the observation space, scene depth information is missed because of the mapping from 3D reference coordinates to 2D panoramic image. In this paper, we present an innovative vision system which builds by a special combined fish-eye lenses module, and is capable of producing 3D coordinate information from the whole global observation space and acquiring no blind area 360°×360° panoramic image simultaneously just using single vision equipment with one time static shooting. It is called Panoramic Stereo Sphere Vision (PSSV). We proposed the geometric model, mathematic model and parameters calibration method in this paper. Specifically, video surveillance, robotic autonomous navigation, virtual reality, driving assistance, multiple maneuvering target tracking, automatic mapping of environments and attitude estimation are some of the applications which will benefit from PSSV.

FPGA Vision Data Architecture

Science.gov (United States)

Morfopoulos, Arin C.; Pham, Thang D.

2013-01-01

JPL has produced a series of FPGA (field programmable gate array) vision algorithms that were written with custom interfaces to get data in and out of each vision module. Each module has unique requirements on the data interface, and further vision modules are continually being developed, each with their own custom interfaces. Each memory module had also been designed for direct access to memory or to another memory module.

Forgery at the Snite Museum of Art? Improving AMS Radiocarbon Dating at the University of Notre Dame

Science.gov (United States)

Troyer, Laura; Bagwell, Connor; Anderson, Tyler; Clark, Adam; Nelson, Austin; Skulski, Michael; Collon, Philippe

2017-09-01

The Snite Museum of Art recently obtained several donations of artifacts. Five of the pieces lack sufficient background information to prove authenticity and require further analysis to positively determine the artwork's age. One method to determine the artwork's age is radiocarbon dating via Accelerator Mass Spectrometry (AMS) performed at the University of Notre Dame's Nuclear Science Laboratory. Samples are prepared by combustion of a small amount of material and subsequent reduction to carbon into an iron powder matrix (graphitization). The graphitization procedure affects the maximum measurement rate, and a poor graphitization can be detrimental to the AMS measurement of the sample. Previous graphitization procedures resulted in a particle current too low or inconsistent to optimize AMS measurements. Thus, there was a desire to design and refine the graphitization system. The finalized process yielded physically darker samples and increased sample currents by two orders of magnitude. Additionally, the first testing of the samples was successful, yet analysis of the dates proved inconclusive. AMS measurements will be performed again to obtain better sampling statistics in the hopes of narrowing the reported date ranges. NSF and JINA-CEE.

FLORA™: Phase I development of a functional vision assessment for prosthetic vision users.

Science.gov (United States)

Geruschat, Duane R; Flax, Marshall; Tanna, Nilima; Bianchi, Michelle; Fisher, Andy; Goldschmidt, Mira; Fisher, Lynne; Dagnelie, Gislin; Deremeik, Jim; Smith, Audrey; Anaflous, Fatima; Dorn, Jessy

2015-07-01

Research groups and funding agencies need a functional assessment suitable for an ultra-low vision population to evaluate the impact of new vision-restoration treatments. The purpose of this study was to develop a pilot assessment to capture the functional visual ability and well-being of subjects whose vision has been partially restored with the Argus II Retinal Prosthesis System. The Functional Low-Vision Observer Rated Assessment (FLORA) pilot assessment involved a self-report section, a list of functional visual tasks for observation of performance and a case narrative summary. Results were analysed to determine whether the interview questions and functional visual tasks were appropriate for this ultra-low vision population and whether the ratings suffered from floor or ceiling effects. Thirty subjects with severe to profound retinitis pigmentosa (bare light perception or worse in both eyes) were enrolled in a clinical trial and implanted with the Argus II System. From this population, 26 subjects were assessed with the FLORA. Seven different evaluators administered the assessment. All 14 interview questions were asked. All 35 tasks for functional vision were selected for evaluation at least once, with an average of 20 subjects being evaluated for each test item. All four rating options—impossible (33 per cent), difficult (23 per cent), moderate (24 per cent) and easy (19 per cent)—were used by the evaluators. Evaluators also judged the amount of vision they observed the subjects using to complete the various tasks, with 'vision only' occurring 75 per cent on average with the System ON, and 29 per cent with the System OFF. The first version of the FLORA was found to contain useful elements for evaluation and to avoid floor and ceiling effects. The next phase of development will be to refine the assessment and to establish reliability and validity to increase its value as an assessment tool for functional vision and well-being. © 2015 The Authors. Clinical

Modeling foveal vision

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Florack, L.M.J.; Sgallari, F.; Murli, A.; Paragios, N.

2007-01-01

geometric model is proposed for an artificial foveal vision system, and its plausibility in the context of biological vision is explored. The model is based on an isotropic, scale invariant two-form that describes the spatial layout of receptive fields in the the visual sensorium (in the biological

The Relationship Between Television Sports Exposure and Rape Myth Acceptance: The Mediating Role of Sexism and Sexual Objectification of Women.

Science.gov (United States)

Custers, Kathleen; McNallie, Jenna

2016-06-30

Rape affects a large proportion of women in the United States but is one of the most underreported crimes. It is believed that rape myth acceptance contributes to low reporting rates. We tested whether television sports exposure was indirectly related to higher acceptance of rape myth beliefs. An online survey involving 465 undergraduate students showed that viewing TV sports was positively related to hostile sexism, benevolent sexism, and sexual objectification of women. Through these variables, TV sports was indirectly and positively associated with rape myth acceptance. These results suggest that sports programming contributes to the perpetuation of rape myths in society. © The Author(s) 2016.

Students, teachers and technicians are installing a cosmic ray detector in the CMS visitor gallery. The detector was designed and built in the framework of the US Quarknet project under the supervision of physicists from the Notre Dame University (USA)

CERN Document Server

Claudia Marcelloni

2007-01-01

Students, teachers and technicians are installing a cosmic ray detector in the CMS visitor gallery. The detector was designed and built in the framework of the US Quarknet project under the supervision of physicists from the Notre Dame University (USA)

Impact of low vision services on the quality of life of low vision patients in Ghana

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Godwin O. Ovenseri-Ogbomo

2016-03-01

Full Text Available Patients’ perspectives on the impact of clinical interventions have been recognised as critical elements in patient care. Quality-of-life instruments are designed to measure these perspectives. We used the National Eye Institute’s 25-item Visual Function Questionnaire (NEI VFQ to measure the impact of optical low vision devices on the quality of life of 22 low vision patients who obtained and were using low vision devices from a secondary low vision clinic in the Eastern Region, Ghana. The study employed a pre- and post-intervention technique. We found statistically significant improvements in measured visual acuity and NEI VFQ scores in 8 of the 10 domains evaluated. We conclude that optical low vision devices have a positive impact on the quality of life of low vision patients in Ghana. Keywords: low vision; quality of life; visual acuity; visual impairment; Ghana

Industrial vision

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Knudsen, Ole

1998-01-01

This dissertation is concerned with the introduction of vision-based application s in the ship building industry. The industrial research project is divided into a natural seq uence of developments, from basic theoretical projective image generation via CAD and subpixel analysis to a description...... is present ed, and the variability of the parameters is examined and described. The concept of using CAD together with vision information is based on the fact that all items processed at OSS have an associated complete 3D CAD model that is accessible at all production states. This concept gives numerous...... possibilities for using vision in applications which otherwise would be very difficult to automate. The requirement for low tolerances in production is, despite the huge dimensions of the items involved, extreme. This fact makes great demands on the ability to do robust sub pixel estimation. A new method based...

Case Studies on Africa and the Middle East | CRDI - Centre de ...

International Development Research Centre (IDRC) Digital Library (Canada)

21 avr. 2016 ... Voir davantageUne nouvelle vision de la transition en Syrie · Ce que nous faisons · Financement · Ressources · À propos du CRDI. Savoir. Innovation. Solutions. Carrières · Communiquez avec nous · Plan du site. Abonnez-vous à notre bulletin pour recevoir les nouvelles du CRDI chaque mois. Abonnez- ...

Company Vision and Organizational Learning

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Vojko Toman

2015-11-01

Full Text Available The effectiveness of a company is largely dependent on the company itself; it depends above all on its corporate governance, management, and implementation, as well as on decision-making processes and coordination. Many authors believe that organizational learning and knowledge are the most relevant aspects of company effectiveness. If a company wants to be effective it needs to create and realize its vision; to do this, it needs creativity, imagination, and knowledge, which can be obtained or enhanced through learning. This paper defines vision, learning, creativity and management and, above all, their relationships. The author argues that company vision influences the learning and knowledge of employees in the company through the vision’s content, through the vision-creating process, and through the vision enforcement process. Conversely, the influence of learning on company vision is explained. The paper is aimed at the use in the practice of companies and helps them to increase their effectiveness.

Understanding and preventing computer vision syndrome.

Science.gov (United States)

Loh, Ky; Redd, Sc

2008-01-01

The invention of computer and advancement in information technology has revolutionized and benefited the society but at the same time has caused symptoms related to its usage such as ocular sprain, irritation, redness, dryness, blurred vision and double vision. This cluster of symptoms is known as computer vision syndrome which is characterized by the visual symptoms which result from interaction with computer display or its environment. Three major mechanisms that lead to computer vision syndrome are extraocular mechanism, accommodative mechanism and ocular surface mechanism. The visual effects of the computer such as brightness, resolution, glare and quality all are known factors that contribute to computer vision syndrome. Prevention is the most important strategy in managing computer vision syndrome. Modification in the ergonomics of the working environment, patient education and proper eye care are crucial in managing computer vision syndrome.

UNDERSTANDING AND PREVENTING COMPUTER VISION SYNDROME

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

REDDY SC

2008-01-01

Full Text Available The invention of computer and advancement in information technology has revolutionized and benefited the society but at the same time has caused symptoms related to its usage such as ocular sprain, irritation, redness, dryness, blurred vision and double vision. This cluster of symptoms is known as computer vision syndrome which is characterized by the visual symptoms which result from interaction with computer display or its environment. Three major mechanisms that lead to computer vision syndrome are extraocular mechanism, accommodative mechanism and ocular surface mechanism. The visual effects of the computer such as brightness, resolution, glare and quality all are known factors that contribute to computer vision syndrome. Prevention is the most important strategy in managing computer vision syndrome. Modification in the ergonomics of the working environment, patient education and proper eye care are crucial in managing computer vision syndrome.

[Quality system Vision 2000].

Science.gov (United States)

Pasini, Evasio; Pitocchi, Oreste; de Luca, Italo; Ferrari, Roberto

2002-12-01

A recent document of the Italian Ministry of Health points out that all structures which provide services to the National Health System should implement a Quality System according to the ISO 9000 standards. Vision 2000 is the new version of the ISO standard. Vision 2000 is less bureaucratic than the old version. The specific requests of the Vision 2000 are: a) to identify, to monitor and to analyze the processes of the structure, b) to measure the results of the processes so as to ensure that they are effective, d) to implement actions necessary to achieve the planned results and the continual improvement of these processes, e) to identify customer requests and to measure customer satisfaction. Specific attention should be also dedicated to the competence and training of the personnel involved in the processes. The principles of the Vision 2000 agree with the principles of total quality management. The present article illustrates the Vision 2000 standard and provides practical examples of the implementation of this standard in cardiological departments.

Predictors of vision impairment in Multiple Sclerosis.

Science.gov (United States)

Sanchez-Dalmau, Bernardo; Martinez-Lapiscina, Elena H; Pulido-Valdeolivas, Irene; Zubizarreta, Irati; Llufriu, Sara; Blanco, Yolanda; Sola-Valls, Nuria; Sepulveda, Maria; Guerrero, Ana; Alba, Salut; Andorra, Magi; Camos, Anna; Sanchez-Vela, Laura; Alfonso, Veronica; Saiz, Albert; Villoslada, Pablo

2018-01-01

Visual impairment significantly alters the quality of life of people with Multiple Sclerosis (MS). The objective of this study was to identify predictors (independent variables) of visual outcomes, and to define their relationship with neurological disability and retinal atrophy when assessed by optical coherence tomography (OCT). We performed a cross-sectional analysis of 119 consecutive patients with MS, assessing vision using high contrast visual acuity (LogMar), 2.5% and 1.25% low contrast visual acuity (Sloan charts), and color vision (Hardy-Rand-Rittler plates). Quality of vision is a patient reported outcome based on an individual's unique perception of his or her vision and was assessed with the Visual Functioning Questionnaire-25 (VFQ-25) with the 10 neuro-ophthalmologic items. MS disability was assessed using the expanded disability status scale (EDSS), the MS functional composite (MSFC) and the brief repetitive battery-neuropsychology (BRB-N). Retinal atrophy was assessed using spectral domain OCT, measuring the thickness of the peripapillar retinal nerve fiber layer (pRNFL) and the volume of the ganglion cell plus inner plexiform layer (GCIPL). The vision of patients with MS was impaired, particularly in eyes with prior optic neuritis. Retinal atrophy (pRNFL and GCIPL) was closely associated with impaired low contrast vision and color vision, whereas the volume of the GCIPL showed a trend (p = 0.092) to be associated with quality of vision. Multiple regression analysis revealed that EDSS was an explanatory variable for high contrast vision after stepwise analysis, GCIPL volume for low contrast vision, and GCIPL volume and EDSS for color vision. The explanatory variables for quality of vision were high contrast vision and color vision. In summary, quality of vision in MS depends on the impairment of high contrast visual acuity and color vision due to the disease.

[Comparison of the Pressure on the Larynx and Tongue Using McGRATH® MAC Video Laryngoscope--Direct Vision versus Indirect Vision].

Science.gov (United States)

Tanaka, Yasutomo; Miyazaki, Yukiko; Kitakata, Hidenori; Shibuya, Hiromi; Okada, Toshiki

2015-12-01

Studies show that McGRATH® MAC (McG) is useful during direct laryngoscopy. However, no study has examined whether McG re- duces pressure on the upper airway tract We compared direct vision with indirect vision concerning pressure on the larynx and tongue. Twenty two anesthesiologists and 16 junior residents attempted direct laryngoscopy of airway management simulator using McG with direct vision and indirect vision. Pressure was measured using pressure measurement film. In anesthesiologists group, pressure on larynx was 14.8 ± 2.7 kgf · cm(-2) with direct vision and 12.7 ± 2.7 kgf · cm(-2) with indirect vision (P vision and 7.6 ± 2.8 kgf · cm(-2) with indirect vision (P = 0.18). In junior residents group, pressure on larynx was 19.0 ± 1.3 kgf · cm(-2) with direct vision and 14.1 ± 3.1 kgf · cm(-2) with indirect vision (P vision and 11.2 ± 4.7 kgf · cm(-2) with indirect vision (P vision can reduce pressure on the upper airway tract.

Stereo Vision Inside Tire

Science.gov (United States)

2015-08-21

1 Stereo Vision Inside Tire P.S. Els C.M. Becker University of Pretoria W911NF-14-1-0590 Final...Stereo Vision Inside Tire 5a. CONTRACT NUMBER W911NF-14-1-0590 5b. GRANT NUMBER 5c. PROGRAM ELEMENT NUMBER 6. AUTHOR(S) Prof PS Els CM...on the development of a stereo vision system that can be mounted inside a rolling tire , known as T2-CAM for Tire -Terrain CAMera. The T2-CAM system

Copenhagen Energy Vision

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Mathiesen, Brian Vad; Lund, Rasmus Søgaard; Connolly, David

The short-term goal for The City of Copenhagen is a CO2 neutral energy supply by the year 2025, and the long-term vision for Denmark is a 100% renewable energy (RE) supply by the year 2050. In this project, it is concluded that Copenhagen plays a key role in this transition. The long-term vision...

Vision/INS Integrated Navigation System for Poor Vision Navigation Environments

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Youngsun Kim

2016-10-01

Full Text Available In order to improve the performance of an inertial navigation system, many aiding sensors can be used. Among these aiding sensors, a vision sensor is of particular note due to its benefits in terms of weight, cost, and power consumption. This paper proposes an inertial and vision integrated navigation method for poor vision navigation environments. The proposed method uses focal plane measurements of landmarks in order to provide position, velocity and attitude outputs even when the number of landmarks on the focal plane is not enough for navigation. In order to verify the proposed method, computer simulations and van tests are carried out. The results show that the proposed method gives accurate and reliable position, velocity and attitude outputs when the number of landmarks is insufficient.

Governance and Vision: Visions of Cities towards a low-energy future

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Pares-Ramos, Isabel K.; Dupas, Stephane

2010-07-01

The overall aim of this report was to identify and review the process by which different cities have built visionary plans for the long-term sustainable development of their territory for a low-energy, climate-resilient future. We used a case studies approach to describe different methods used by cities to build their visionary plans and address present energy and climate change challenges. The purpose of this report is as well to contribute to the debate on the future of cities in the post-carbon society and to inspire further initiatives for a low-energy future. The first step towards understanding the visioning/planning process of cities for a low-energy future was to identify several initiatives were cities have developed a plan or statement to address energy and climate change issues in the next 20 to 50 years. These plans and documents were then reviewed in search of diverse and innovative methods and process for visioning, design and planning towards a low-carbon future. After these preliminary assessments and observations, we selected 4 cities based on the use of different methodologies for visioning, planning and development of the action plan and projects. Afterwards, we focused on the description of the visioning/planning process per city, based on information obtained from official plans and documents, and from interviews with local authorities and other personnel working for projects in each of the cities selected. The content of the interviews varied according to the local context of the initiative, but in general contained questions regarding methods and tools used to build their visions and action plans, as well as enquiries about the visioning steps and process, the role of stakeholders, and implementation strategies used to drive forward this initiatives

Traits atypiques du développement de notre société

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Ivan Hadjiiski

2010-06-01

Full Text Available Texte d’Ivan Hajiiski initialement paru en bulgare dans la revue Problèmes sociologiques/Sotziologitcheski problemi, 1986, n° 3, et publié ici avec l’aimable autorisation des ayants droits de l’auteur. Ce texte faisait partie du manuscrit de la troisième partie de son livre Mode de vie et état d’esprit de notre peuple (1945. Supposé perdu, ce manuscrit écrit en 1943 est découvert par la fille de l’auteur Maria Hadjiiska dans les années 1980 et publié pour la première fois en 1986. Traduction de Svetla Koleva.Atypical features of our society’s development (text of 1943Ivan Hajiiski’s text first published in Bulgarian in the review Sociological Problems/ Sotziologitcheski problemi, 1986, no. 3, and published here with the kind permission of the copyright owners of the author. This text belonged to the manuscript of the third part of his book Life style and state of mind of our people (1945. Assumed lost, this manuscript written in 1943 is discovered by the daughter of author, Maria Hadjiiska, in the 1980s and published for the first time in 1986. Translation by Svetla Koleva.Aspectos inhabituales del desarrollo de la sociedad actualTexto de Ivan Hajiinski primeramente publicado en búlgaro en la revista Problemas sociológicas/Sotziologitcheski problemi, 1986, n° 3. Reproducido en estas paginas con la amable autorización del autor y de los editores. Este texto forma parte del manuscrito de la parte tercera de su libro Formas de vivir y mentalidad de nuestro pueblo (1945. Aunque que se pensaba inexistente o perdido este manuscrito, fechado en 1943, fue encontrado en la década de los ochenta por la hija del autor, Maria Hadjiiska, que lo hizo publicar en 1986. Traducción de Svetla Koleva.

The Pedagogy of Teaching Educational Vision: A Vision Coach's Field Notes about Leaders as Learners

Science.gov (United States)

Schein, Jeffrey

2009-01-01

The emerging field of educational visioning is full of challenges and phenomena worthy of careful analysis and documentation. A relatively neglected phenomenon is the learning curve of the leaders (often lay leaders) involved in the visioning process. This article documents a range of experiences of the author serving as a vision coach to five…

Low vision and mobility scooters: the experiences of individuals with low vision who use mobility scooters.

Science.gov (United States)

McMullan, Keri S; Butler, Mary

2018-05-09

Older adults with low vision are a growing population with rehabilitation needs including support with community mobility to enable community participation. Some older adults with low vision choose to use mobility scooters to mobilize within their community, but there is limited research about the use by people with low vision. This paper describes a pilot study and asks the question: what are the experiences of persons with low vision who use mobility scooters? This study gathered the experiences of four participants with low vision, aged 51 and over, who regularly use mobility scooters. Diverse methods were used including a go-along, a semi-structured interview and a new measure of functional vision for mobility called the vision-related outcomes in orientation and mobility (VROOM). Four themes were found to describe experiences: autonomy and well-being, accessibility, community interactions and self-regulation. Discussion and implications: This study was a pilot for a larger study examining self-regulation in scooter users. However, as roles emerge for health professionals and scooters, the findings also provide evidence to inform practice, because it demonstrates the complex meaning and influences on performance involved in low vision mobility scooter use. Implications for rehabilitation Scooter use supports autonomy and well-being and community connections for individuals with both mobility and visual impairments. Low vision scooter users demonstrate self-regulation of their scooter use to manage both their visual and environmental limitations. Issues of accessibility experienced by this sample affect a wider community of footpath users, emphasizing the need for councils to address inadequate infrastructure. Rehabilitators can support their low vision clients' scooter use by acknowledging issues of accessibility and promoting self-regulation strategies to manage risks and barriers.

Case Report: Use of Sports and Performance Vision Training to Benefit a Low-vision Patient's Function.

Science.gov (United States)

Laby, Daniel M

2018-05-17

Despite our inability to attenuate the course of many ocular diseases that can ultimately lead to loss or significantly decreased visual function, this report describes a potential technique to aid such patients in maximizing the use of the vision that remains. The aim of this study was to demonstrate the applicability of utilizing sports vision training to improve objective and subjective visuomotor function in a low-vision patient. A 37-year-old woman with Usher syndrome presented with reduced central visual acuity and visual field. Although we were unable to reverse the damage resulting from her diagnosis, we were able to improve the use of the remaining vision. A 27 to 31% improvement in hand-eye coordination was achieved along with a 41% improvement in object tracking and visual concentration. Most importantly, following the 14-week training period, there was also a subjective improvement in the patient's appreciation of her visual ability. The sports vision literature cites many examples in which sports vision training is useful in improving visuomotor and on-field performance. We hypothesized that these techniques may be used to aid not only athletes but also patients with low vision. Despite suffering from reduced acuity and a limited visual field, these patients often still have a significant amount of vision ability that can be used to guide motor actions. Using techniques to increase the efficient use of this remaining vision may reduce the impact of the reduced visual function and aid in activities of daily living.

Vision in water.

Science.gov (United States)

Atchison, David A; Valentine, Emma L; Gibson, Georgina; Thomas, Hannah R; Oh, Sera; Pyo, Young Ah; Lacherez, Philippe; Mathur, Ankit

2013-09-06

The purpose of this study is to determine visual performance in water, including the influence of pupil size. The water environment was simulated by placing goggles filled with saline in front of the eyes with apertures placed at the front of the goggles. Correction factors were determined for the different magnification under this condition in order to estimate vision in water. Experiments were conducted on letter visual acuity (seven participants), grating resolution (eight participants), and grating contrast sensitivity (one participant). For letter acuity, mean loss of vision in water, compared to corrected vision in air, varied between 1.1 log min of arc resolution (logMAR) for a 1 mm aperture to 2.2 logMAR for a 7 mm aperture. The vision in min of arc was described well by a linear relationship with pupil size. For grating acuity, mean loss varied between 1.1 logMAR for a 2 mm aperture to 1.2 logMAR for a 6 mm aperture. Contrast sensitivity for a 2 mm aperture deteriorated as spatial frequency increased with a 2 log unit loss by 3 c/°. Superimposed on this deterioration were depressions (notches) in sensitivity with the first three notches occurring at 0.45, 0.8, and 1.3 c/° with estimates for water of 0.39, 0.70, and 1.13 c/°. In conclusion, vision in water is poor. It becomes worse as pupil size increases, but the effects are much more marked for letter targets than for grating targets.

Bio-inspired vision

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Posch, C

2012-01-01

Nature still outperforms the most powerful computers in routine functions involving perception, sensing and actuation like vision, audition, and motion control, and is, most strikingly, orders of magnitude more energy-efficient than its artificial competitors. The reasons for the superior performance of biological systems are subject to diverse investigations, but it is clear that the form of hardware and the style of computation in nervous systems are fundamentally different from what is used in artificial synchronous information processing systems. Very generally speaking, biological neural systems rely on a large number of relatively simple, slow and unreliable processing elements and obtain performance and robustness from a massively parallel principle of operation and a high level of redundancy where the failure of single elements usually does not induce any observable system performance degradation. In the late 1980's, Carver Mead demonstrated that silicon VLSI technology can be employed in implementing ''neuromorphic'' circuits that mimic neural functions and fabricating building blocks that work like their biological role models. Neuromorphic systems, as the biological systems they model, are adaptive, fault-tolerant and scalable, and process information using energy-efficient, asynchronous, event-driven methods. In this paper, some basics of neuromorphic electronic engineering and its impact on recent developments in optical sensing and artificial vision are presented. It is demonstrated that bio-inspired vision systems have the potential to outperform conventional, frame-based vision acquisition and processing systems in many application fields and to establish new benchmarks in terms of redundancy suppression/data compression, dynamic range, temporal resolution and power efficiency to realize advanced functionality like 3D vision, object tracking, motor control, visual feedback loops, etc. in real-time. It is argued that future artificial vision systems

Virtual Vision

Science.gov (United States)

Terzopoulos, Demetri; Qureshi, Faisal Z.

Computer vision and sensor networks researchers are increasingly motivated to investigate complex multi-camera sensing and control issues that arise in the automatic visual surveillance of extensive, highly populated public spaces such as airports and train stations. However, they often encounter serious impediments to deploying and experimenting with large-scale physical camera networks in such real-world environments. We propose an alternative approach called "Virtual Vision", which facilitates this type of research through the virtual reality simulation of populated urban spaces, camera sensor networks, and computer vision on commodity computers. We demonstrate the usefulness of our approach by developing two highly automated surveillance systems comprising passive and active pan/tilt/zoom cameras that are deployed in a virtual train station environment populated by autonomous, lifelike virtual pedestrians. The easily reconfigurable virtual cameras distributed in this environment generate synthetic video feeds that emulate those acquired by real surveillance cameras monitoring public spaces. The novel multi-camera control strategies that we describe enable the cameras to collaborate in persistently observing pedestrians of interest and in acquiring close-up videos of pedestrians in designated areas.

UNDERSTANDING AND PREVENTING COMPUTER VISION SYNDROME

OpenAIRE

REDDY SC; LOH KY

2008-01-01

The invention of computer and advancement in information technology has revolutionized and benefited the society but at the same time has caused symptoms related to its usage such as ocular sprain, irritation, redness, dryness, blurred vision and double vision. This cluster of symptoms is known as computer vision syndrome which is characterized by the visual symptoms which result from interaction with computer display or its environment. Three major mechanisms that lead to computer vision syn...

Color Vision in Aniridia.

Science.gov (United States)

Pedersen, Hilde R; Hagen, Lene A; Landsend, Erlend C S; Gilson, Stuart J; Utheim, Øygunn A; Utheim, Tor P; Neitz, Maureen; Baraas, Rigmor C

2018-04-01

To assess color vision and its association with retinal structure in persons with congenital aniridia. We included 36 persons with congenital aniridia (10-66 years), and 52 healthy, normal trichromatic controls (10-74 years) in the study. Color vision was assessed with Hardy-Rand-Rittler (HRR) pseudo-isochromatic plates (4th ed., 2002); Cambridge Color Test and a low-vision version of the Color Assessment and Diagnosis test (CAD-LV). Cone-opsin genes were analyzed to confirm normal versus congenital color vision deficiencies. Visual acuity and ocular media opacities were assessed. The central 30° of both eyes were imaged with the Heidelberg Spectralis OCT2 to grade the severity of foveal hypoplasia (FH, normal to complete: 0-4). Five participants with aniridia had cone opsin genes conferring deutan color vision deficiency and were excluded from further analysis. Of the 31 with aniridia and normal opsin genes, 11 made two or more red-green (RG) errors on HRR, four of whom also made yellow-blue (YB) errors; one made YB errors only. A total of 19 participants had higher CAD-LV RG thresholds, of which eight also had higher CAD-LV YB thresholds, than normal controls. In aniridia, the thresholds were higher along the RG than the YB axis, and those with a complete FH had significantly higher RG thresholds than those with mild FH (P = 0.038). Additional increase in YB threshold was associated with secondary ocular pathology. Arrested foveal formation and associated alterations in retinal processing are likely to be the primary reason for impaired red-green color vision in aniridia.

Lambda Vision

Science.gov (United States)

Czajkowski, Michael

2014-06-01

There is an explosion in the quantity and quality of IMINT data being captured in Intelligence Surveillance and Reconnaissance (ISR) today. While automated exploitation techniques involving computer vision are arriving, only a few architectures can manage both the storage and bandwidth of large volumes of IMINT data and also present results to analysts quickly. Lockheed Martin Advanced Technology Laboratories (ATL) has been actively researching in the area of applying Big Data cloud computing techniques to computer vision applications. This paper presents the results of this work in adopting a Lambda Architecture to process and disseminate IMINT data using computer vision algorithms. The approach embodies an end-to-end solution by processing IMINT data from sensors to serving information products quickly to analysts, independent of the size of the data. The solution lies in dividing up the architecture into a speed layer for low-latent processing and a batch layer for higher quality answers at the expense of time, but in a robust and fault-tolerant way. This approach was evaluated using a large corpus of IMINT data collected by a C-130 Shadow Harvest sensor over Afghanistan from 2010 through 2012. The evaluation data corpus included full motion video from both narrow and wide area field-of-views. The evaluation was done on a scaled-out cloud infrastructure that is similar in composition to those found in the Intelligence Community. The paper shows experimental results to prove the scalability of the architecture and precision of its results using a computer vision algorithm designed to identify man-made objects in sparse data terrain.

Jane Addams’ Social Vision

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Villadsen, Kaspar

2018-01-01

resonated with key tenets of social gospel theology, which imbued her texts with an overarching vision of humanity’s progressive history. It is suggested that Addams’ vision of a major transition in industrial society, one involving a BChristian renaissance^ and individuals’ transformation into Bsocialized...

Computer vision for sports

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Thomas, Graham; Gade, Rikke; Moeslund, Thomas B.

2017-01-01

fixed to players or equipment is generally not possible. This provides a rich set of opportunities for the application of computer vision techniques to help the competitors, coaches and audience. This paper discusses a selection of current commercial applications that use computer vision for sports...

Impact of low vision rehabilitation on functional vision performance of children with visual impairment.

Science.gov (United States)

Ganesh, Suma; Sethi, Sumita; Srivastav, Sonia; Chaudhary, Amrita; Arora, Priyanka

2013-09-01

To evaluate the impact of low vision rehabilitation on functional vision of children with visual impairment. The LV Prasad-Functional Vision Questionnaire, designed specifically to measure functional performance of visually impaired children of developing countries, was used to assess the level of difficulty in performing various tasks pre and post visual rehabilitation in children with documented visual impairment. Chi-square test was used to assess the impact of rehabilitation intervention on functional vision performance; a P visual acuity prior to the introduction of low vision devices (LVDs) was 0.90 ± 0.05 for distance and for near it was 0.61 ± 0.05. After the intervention, the acuities improved significantly for distance (0.2 ± 0.27; P visual rehabilitation was especially found in those activities related to their studying lifestyle like copying from the blackboard (P visual rehabilitation, especially with those activities which are related to their academic output. It is important for these children to have an early visual rehabilitation to decrease the impairment associated with these decreased visual output and to enhance their learning abilities.

Functional programming for computer vision

Science.gov (United States)

Breuel, Thomas M.

1992-04-01

Functional programming is a style of programming that avoids the use of side effects (like assignment) and uses functions as first class data objects. Compared with imperative programs, functional programs can be parallelized better, and provide better encapsulation, type checking, and abstractions. This is important for building and integrating large vision software systems. In the past, efficiency has been an obstacle to the application of functional programming techniques in computationally intensive areas such as computer vision. We discuss and evaluate several 'functional' data structures for representing efficiently data structures and objects common in computer vision. In particular, we will address: automatic storage allocation and reclamation issues; abstraction of control structures; efficient sequential update of large data structures; representing images as functions; and object-oriented programming. Our experience suggests that functional techniques are feasible for high- performance vision systems, and that a functional approach simplifies the implementation and integration of vision systems greatly. Examples in C++ and SML are given.

Computer Vision for Timber Harvesting

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Dahl, Anders Lindbjerg

The goal of this thesis is to investigate computer vision methods for timber harvesting operations. The background for developing computer vision for timber harvesting is to document origin of timber and to collect qualitative and quantitative parameters concerning the timber for efficient harvest...... segments. The purpose of image segmentation is to make the basis for more advanced computer vision methods like object recognition and classification. Our second method concerns image classification and we present a method where we classify small timber samples to tree species based on Active Appearance...... to the development of the logTracker system the described methods have a general applicability making them useful for many other computer vision problems....

Development and evaluation of vision rehabilitation devices.

Science.gov (United States)

Luo, Gang; Peli, Eli

2011-01-01

We have developed a range of vision rehabilitation devices and techniques for people with impaired vision due to either central vision loss or severely restricted peripheral visual field. We have conducted evaluation studies with patients to test the utilities of these techniques in an effort to document their advantages as well as their limitations. Here we describe our work on a visual field expander based on a head mounted display (HMD) for tunnel vision, a vision enhancement device for central vision loss, and a frequency domain JPEG/MPEG based image enhancement technique. All the evaluation studies included visual search paradigms that are suitable for conducting indoor controllable experiments.

Night Vision Manual for the Flight Surgeon.

Science.gov (United States)

1985-08-01

macula and fovea centralis. 4. Duality theory of vision-extends sensitivity of vision over 100,000 times (Fig. 12). ~Im Uilting Ullmlrage WVIVIWCentral...lowered night vision capa- bilities due to disease or degenerations . F. Hypoxia 1. Decrement of central vision due to 02 lack is quite small; such as, at

Gait disorder rehabilitation using vision and non-vision based sensors: A systematic review

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Asraf Ali

2012-08-01

Full Text Available Even though the amount of rehabilitation guidelines has never been greater, uncertainty continues to arise regarding the efficiency and effectiveness of the rehabilitation of gait disorders. This question has been hindered by the lack of information on accurate measurements of gait disorders. Thus, this article reviews the rehabilitation systems for gait disorder using vision and non-vision sensor technologies, as well as the combination of these. All papers published in the English language between 1990 and June, 2012 that had the phrases “gait disorder” “rehabilitation”, “vision sensor”, or “non vision sensor” in the title, abstract, or keywords were identified from the SpringerLink, ELSEVIER, PubMed, and IEEE databases. Some synonyms of these phrases and the logical words “and” “or” and “not” were also used in the article searching procedure. Out of the 91 published articles found, this review identified 84 articles that described the rehabilitation of gait disorders using different types of sensor technologies. This literature set presented strong evidence for the development of rehabilitation systems using a markerless vision-based sensor technology. We therefore believe that the information contained in this review paper will assist the progress of the development of rehabilitation systems for human gait disorders.

The Trickle-Down Effect of Institutional Vision: Vision Statements and Academic Advising

Science.gov (United States)

Abelman, Robert; Atkin, David; Dalessandro, Amy; Snyder-Suhy, Sharon; Janstova, Patricie

2007-01-01

A description of the kinds of educated humans to be cultivated at a particular institution can be found in the college or university vision statement. The extent that vision is reflected in the governing models of advising operations, known by personnel, and transformed into day-to-day activities was assessed through a NACADA membership survey.…

Lessons Learned from the Creation of a Center of Excellence in Low Vision and Vision Rehabilitation in Wenzhou, China

Science.gov (United States)

Marinoff, Rebecca; Heilberger, Michael H.

2017-01-01

A model Center of Excellence in Low Vision and Vision Rehabilitation was created in a health care setting in China utilizing an inter-institutional relationship with a United States optometric institution. Accomplishments of, limitations to, and stimuli to the provision of low vision and vision rehabilitation services are shared.

Basic design principles of colorimetric vision systems

Science.gov (United States)

Mumzhiu, Alex M.

1998-10-01

Color measurement is an important part of overall production quality control in textile, coating, plastics, food, paper and other industries. The color measurement instruments such as colorimeters and spectrophotometers, used for production quality control have many limitations. In many applications they cannot be used for a variety of reasons and have to be replaced with human operators. Machine vision has great potential for color measurement. The components for color machine vision systems, such as broadcast quality 3-CCD cameras, fast and inexpensive PCI frame grabbers, and sophisticated image processing software packages are available. However the machine vision industry has only started to approach the color domain. The few color machine vision systems on the market, produced by the largest machine vision manufacturers have very limited capabilities. A lack of understanding that a vision based color measurement system could fail if it ignores the basic principles of colorimetry is the main reason for the slow progress of color vision systems. the purpose of this paper is to clarify how color measurement principles have to be applied to vision systems and how the electro-optical design features of colorimeters have to be modified in order to implement them for vision systems. The subject of this presentation far exceeds the limitations of a journal paper so only the most important aspects will be discussed. An overview of the major areas of applications for colorimetric vision system will be discussed. Finally, the reasons why some customers are happy with their vision systems and some are not will be analyzed.

Vision based systems for UAV applications

CERN Document Server

Kuś, Zygmunt

2013-01-01

This monograph is motivated by a significant number of vision based algorithms for Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAV) that were developed during research and development projects. Vision information is utilized in various applications like visual surveillance, aim systems, recognition systems, collision-avoidance systems and navigation. This book presents practical applications, examples and recent challenges in these mentioned application fields. The aim of the book is to create a valuable source of information for researchers and constructors of solutions utilizing vision from UAV. Scientists, researchers and graduate students involved in computer vision, image processing, data fusion, control algorithms, mechanics, data mining, navigation and IC can find many valuable, useful and practical suggestions and solutions. The latest challenges for vision based systems are also presented.

LATE VISION: PROCESSES AND EPISTEMIC STATUS

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Athanassios eRaftopoulos

2011-12-01

Full Text Available In this paper, I examine the processes that occur in late vision and address the problem of whether late vision should be construed as a properly speaking perceptual stage, or as a thought-like discursive stage. Specifically, I argue that late vision, its (partly conceptual nature notwithstanding, neither is constituted by nor does it implicate what I call pure thoughts, that is, propositional structures that are formed in the cognitive areas of the brain through, and participate in, discursive reasoning and inferences. At the same time, the output of late vision, namely an explicit belief concerning the identity and category membership of an object (that is, a recognitional belief or its features, eventually enters into discursive reasoning. Using Jackendoff’s distinction between visual awareness, which characterizes perception, and visual understanding, which characterizes pure thought, I claim that the contents of late vision belong to visual awareness and not to visual understanding and that although late vision implicates beliefs, either implicit or explicit, these beliefs are hybrid visual/conceptual constructs and not pure thoughts. Distinguishing between these hybrid representations and pure thoughts and delineating the nature of the representations of late vision lays the ground for examining, among other things, the process of conceptualization that occurs in visual processing and the way concepts modulate perceptual content affecting either its representational or phenomenal character. I also do not discuss the epistemological relations between the representations of late vision and the perceptual judgments they ‘support’, or ‘guide’ or ‘render possible’ or ‘evidence’ or ‘entitle’. However, the specification of the epistemology of late vision lays the ground for attacking that problem as well.

Colour, vision and ergonomics.

Science.gov (United States)

Pinheiro, Cristina; da Silva, Fernando Moreira

2012-01-01

This paper is based on a research project - Visual Communication and Inclusive Design-Colour, Legibility and Aged Vision, developed at the Faculty of Architecture of Lisbon. The research has the aim of determining specific design principles to be applied to visual communication design (printed) objects, in order to be easily read and perceived by all. This study target group was composed by a selection of socially active individuals, between 55 and 80 years, and we used cultural events posters as objects of study and observation. The main objective is to overlap the study of areas such as colour, vision, older people's colour vision, ergonomics, chromatic contrasts, typography and legibility. In the end we will produce a manual with guidelines and information to apply scientific knowledge into the communication design projectual practice. Within the normal aging process, visual functions gradually decline; the quality of vision worsens, colour vision and contrast sensitivity are also affected. As people's needs change along with age, design should help people and communities, and improve life quality in the present. Applying principles of visually accessible design and ergonomics, the printed design objects, (or interior spaces, urban environments, products, signage and all kinds of visually information) will be effective, easier on everyone's eyes not only for visually impaired people but also for all of us as we age.

Reinforcement learning in computer vision

Science.gov (United States)

Bernstein, A. V.; Burnaev, E. V.

2018-04-01

Nowadays, machine learning has become one of the basic technologies used in solving various computer vision tasks such as feature detection, image segmentation, object recognition and tracking. In many applications, various complex systems such as robots are equipped with visual sensors from which they learn state of surrounding environment by solving corresponding computer vision tasks. Solutions of these tasks are used for making decisions about possible future actions. It is not surprising that when solving computer vision tasks we should take into account special aspects of their subsequent application in model-based predictive control. Reinforcement learning is one of modern machine learning technologies in which learning is carried out through interaction with the environment. In recent years, Reinforcement learning has been used both for solving such applied tasks as processing and analysis of visual information, and for solving specific computer vision problems such as filtering, extracting image features, localizing objects in scenes, and many others. The paper describes shortly the Reinforcement learning technology and its use for solving computer vision problems.

INL Vision and Strategy 2015

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Pillai, Rekha Sukamar

2015-01-01

This Laboratory vision and strategy presents INL's vision and strategy for the Laboratory and is our introduction to a special place dedicated to improving our nation's energy security future.

Objectif Express 1 le monde professionnel en français A1/A2

CERN Document Server

Tauzin, Béatrice

2013-01-01

Avec un nouveau look et des contenus actualisés pour prendre en compte les évolutions du monde de l’entreprise française, la nouvelle édition d'Objectif Express 1 propose une parfaite association entre le français de tous les jours et le français de l'entreprise. 10 unités basées sur des thématiques de l'entreprise : Entrez en contact ; Organisez votre journée ; Trouvez un emploi ... Chaque unité propose : - 4 leçons d'apprentissage (1 leçon = 1 double page) basées sur des tâches concrètes et simples, ancrées dans le monde du travail francophone - 1 double page Outils linguistiques - 1 page Entrainez-vous - 1 page Testez-vous - 2 pages Repères dans chaque unité : des repères culturels et des repères professionnels Toutes les 3 unités, un scénario professionnel pour une mise en œuvre des acquis langagiers et une mobilisation des compétences professionnelles de l'apprenant. Une préparation aux diplômes DFP A2, DELF Pro A1 et A2 et au test BULATS En annexes : des tableaux d...

National Hydrogen Vision Meeting Proceedings

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

None

2001-11-01

This document provides presentations and summaries of the notes from the National Hydrogen Vision Meeting''s facilitated breakout sessions. The Vision Meeting, which took place November 15-16, 2001, kicked off the public-private partnership that will pave the way to a more secure and cleaner energy future for America. These proceedings were compiled into a formal report, A National Vision of America''s Transition to a Hydrogen Economy - To 2030 and Beyond, which is also available online.

The Vision Thing in Higher Education.

Science.gov (United States)

Keller, George

1995-01-01

It is argued that while the concept of "vision" in higher education has been met with disdain, criticism is based on misconceptions of vision's nature and role--that vision requires a charismatic administrator and that visionaries are dreamers. Educators and planners are urged to use imaginative thinking to connect the institution's and staff's…

ABCs of foveal vision

Science.gov (United States)

Matchko, Roy M.; Gerhart, Grant R.

2001-12-01

This paper presents a simple mathematical performance model of the human foveal vision system based on an extensive analysis of the Blackwell-McCready (BM) data set. It includes a closed-form equation, the (ABC)t law, that allows the analyst to predict the entire range of BM threshold data. Relationships are derived among the four fundamental parameters of foveal vision: target area A, background luminance B, threshold contrast C, and stimulus presentation time t. Hyperbolic-curve fits on log-log plots of the data lead to the well-known laws of Ricco, Blackwell, Weber and Fechner, and Bloch. This paper unifies important relationships associated with target and background scene parameters as they relate to the human foveal vision process. The process of detecting a BM target, using foveal vision, is reduced to the total temporal summation of light energy modified by a multiplicative energy ratio. A stochastic model of human observer performance is presented in terms of a cumulative Gaussian distribution, which is a function of the apparent and BM contrast threshold values.

What is vision Hampton Roads?

Science.gov (United States)

2010-01-01

What is Vision Hampton Roads? : Vision Hampton Roads is... : A regionwide economic development strategy based on the collective strengths of all : localities of Hampton Roads, created with the input of business, academia, nonprofits, : government,...

Notre-Dame des Fleurs et Miracle de la rose, de Jean Genet. L’écriture mise au secret

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Pascaline Hamon

2011-12-01

Full Text Available Notre-Dame des Fleurs et Miracle de la Rose sont les deux romans que Jean Genet a composés durant des périodes d’incarcération. La fiction se veut alors non seulement un remède à la solitude carcérale et à la marginalisation de son auteur, mais également un lieu de dévoilement des pratiques d’écriture propres à l’univers carcéral. Le roman tout entier se trouve dès lors habité d’une tension entre la liberté créatrice, qui fait la part belle aux provocations de l’auteur et à l’expression de ses fantasmes et un enfermement contraignant, qui pèse comme une menace sur la possibilité d’écrire.Our Lady of the Flowers and Miracle of the Rose were written during Genet’s time of imprisonment. The fictional narrative operates not only as a remedy to the experience of solitude and marginalization, but also brings the practice of prison writings into focus. The novels are haunted by a tension between a creative freedom which can launch provocations and phantasms, and the constraint of imprisonment, which threatens the very possibility of writing.

Temporary effects of alcohol on color vision

Science.gov (United States)

Geniusz, Maciej K.; Geniusz, Malwina; Szmigiel, Marta; Przeździecka-Dołyk, Joanna

2017-09-01

The color vision has been described as one to be very sensitive to the intake of several chemicals. The present research reviews the published literature that is concerned with color vision impairment due to alcohol. Most of this research considers people under long-term effects of alcohol. However, there is little information about temporary effects of alcohol on color vision. A group of ten volunteers aged 18-40 was studied. During the study levels of alcohol in the body were tested with a standard breathalyzer while color vision were studied using Farnsworth Munsell 100 Hue Color Vision Tests. Keywords: Col

Résultats de recherche | Page 41 | CRDI - Centre de recherches ...

International Development Research Centre (IDRC) Digital Library (Canada)

En janvier 2016, peu de temps après que 194 pays ont ratifié les Objectifs de développement durable (ODD) et adopté une vision ambitieuse, universelle et ... L'introduction de nouvelles pratiques agricoles et de quelques outils simples et bon marché pourrait grandement alléger la tâche des paysans qui cultivent les ...

Interoperability Strategic Vision

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Widergren, Steven E.; Knight, Mark R.; Melton, Ronald B.; Narang, David; Martin, Maurice; Nordman, Bruce; Khandekar, Aditya; Hardy, Keith S.

2018-02-28

The Interoperability Strategic Vision whitepaper aims to promote a common understanding of the meaning and characteristics of interoperability and to provide a strategy to advance the state of interoperability as applied to integration challenges facing grid modernization. This includes addressing the quality of integrating devices and systems and the discipline to improve the process of successfully integrating these components as business models and information technology improve over time. The strategic vision for interoperability described in this document applies throughout the electric energy generation, delivery, and end-use supply chain. Its scope includes interactive technologies and business processes from bulk energy levels to lower voltage level equipment and the millions of appliances that are becoming equipped with processing power and communication interfaces. A transformational aspect of a vision for interoperability in the future electric system is the coordinated operation of intelligent devices and systems at the edges of grid infrastructure. This challenge offers an example for addressing interoperability concerns throughout the electric system.

Le symptôme dans la psychothérapie d'un enfant dysphasique: analyse de sa fonction dynamique dans une perspective psychanalytique

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Julio C. Guillén

2012-06-01

Full Text Available Dans cet article, à partir d'un cas clinique, nous analysons la spécificité de la prise en charge psychothérapeutique de l'enfant dysphasique. Notre objectif principal est de montrer comment la succession de moments logiques donne une place à chaque fois nouvelle au symptôme. L'étude du déroulement de la séquence clinique, permet d'interroger la valeur du symptôme et son lien indissociable à la parole, dans la relation transférentielle, pour rendre compte du processus de subjectivation à l'œuvre chez cet enfant. En outre, ce travail amène à préciser la particularité de la démarche psychothérapeutique par rapport à celles des autres professionnels intervenant auprès des enfants dysphasiques.

Pleiades Visions

Science.gov (United States)

Whitehouse, M.

2016-01-01

Pleiades Visions (2012) is my new musical composition for organ that takes inspiration from traditional lore and music associated with the Pleiades (Seven Sisters) star cluster from Australian Aboriginal, Native American, and Native Hawaiian cultures. It is based on my doctoral dissertation research incorporating techniques from the fields of ethnomusicology and cultural astronomy; this research likely represents a new area of inquiry for both fields. This large-scale work employs the organ's vast sonic resources to evoke the majesty of the night sky and the expansive landscapes of the homelands of the above-mentioned peoples. Other important themes in Pleiades Visions are those of place, origins, cosmology, and the creation of the world.

Le FOS: une évaluation des ressources pédagogiques en ligne

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Nuria Rodríguez

2007-04-01

Full Text Available Conscients de l’importance croissante que revêtent la formation en distanciel et par voie de conséquence les méthodes, outils et activités articulées autour d’un apprentissage autonome, cette étude se propose d’évaluer l’ensemble des ressources pédagogiques en ligne mises à disposition de l’internaute apprenant. Comme les contenus interactifs et multimédia concernant le FLE (français langue étrangère sont innombrables, nous nous sommes centrés sur le français de spécialité (FOS: français sur objectifs spécifiques, en particulier, le français des affaires et du tourisme. Notre objectif étant de compléter un travail précédent portant sur l’évaluation des sites FOS, de nouveaux critères ont été considérés pour une utilisation optimale des ressources en jeu. Il s’avère qu’une bonne combinaison des outils pédagogiques disponibles sur Internet pourrait être une bonne option pour les apprenants du français des affaires, alors que les outils de formation interactive concernant le français du tourisme demeurent insuffisants pour garantir un apprentissage adéquat de cette langue spécifique.

A Hanged From the Past: Medical Consideration on the Judas Iscariot Fresco-Chapelle Notre-Dame-des-Fontaines, La Brigue (15th Century).

Science.gov (United States)

Gaeta, Raffaele; Fornaciari, Antonio

2016-09-01

The medieval chapel of Notre Dame-des-Fontaines (Our Lady of the Fountains), in the French Maritime Alps, is entirely covered by the fresco cycle of the Passion (15th century) that depicts the last days of Jesus from the Last Supper to the Resurrection. Under a small window, there is the brutal representation of the suicide of Judas Iscariot, hanging from a tree, with the abdomen quartered from which his soul, represented by a small man, is kidnapped by a devil. The author, Giovanni Canavesio, represented the traitor's death with very detailed anatomical structures, differently thus from other paintings of the same subject; it is therefore possible to assume that the artist had become familiar with the human anatomy. In particular, the realism of the hanged man's posture, neck bent in an unnatural way, allows us to hypothesize that it probably comes from direct observation of the executions of capital punishment, not infrequently imposed by the public authorities in low medieval Italy.

School Vision of Learning: Urban Setting

Science.gov (United States)

Guy, Tiffany A.

2010-01-01

In this paper, the author develops her school vision of learning. She explains the theories she used to help develop the vision. The author then goes into detail on the methods she will use to make her vision for a school that prepares urban students for a successful life after high school. She takes into account all the stakeholders and how they…

Computer vision for an autonomous mobile robot

CSIR Research Space (South Africa)

Withey, Daniel J

2015-10-01

Full Text Available Computer vision systems are essential for practical, autonomous, mobile robots – machines that employ artificial intelligence and control their own motion within an environment. As with biological systems, computer vision systems include the vision...

Altered vision destabilizes gait in older persons.

Science.gov (United States)

Helbostad, Jorunn L; Vereijken, Beatrix; Hesseberg, Karin; Sletvold, Olav

2009-08-01

This study assessed the effects of dim light and four experimentally induced changes in vision on gait speed and footfall and trunk parameters in older persons walking on level ground. Using a quasi-experimental design, gait characteristics were assessed in full light, dim light, and in dim light combined with manipulations resulting in reduced depth vision, double vision, blurred vision, and tunnel vision, respectively. A convenience sample of 24 home-dwelling older women and men (mean age 78.5 years, SD 3.4) with normal vision for their age and able to walk at least 10 m without assistance participated. Outcome measures were gait speed and spatial and temporal parameters of footfall and trunk acceleration, derived from an electronic gait mat and accelerometers. Dim light alone had no effect. Vision manipulations combined with dim light had effect on most footfall parameters but few trunk parameters. The largest effects were found regarding double and tunnel vision. Men increased and women decreased gait speed following manipulations (p=0.017), with gender differences also in stride velocity variability (p=0.017) and inter-stride medio-lateral trunk acceleration variability (p=0.014). Gender effects were related to differences in body height and physical functioning. Results indicate that visual problems lead to a more cautious and unstable gait pattern even under relatively simple conditions. This points to the importance of assessing vision in older persons and correcting visual impairments where possible.

Vision Restoration in Glaucoma by Activating Residual Vision with a Holistic, Clinical Approach: A Review.

Science.gov (United States)

Sabel, Bernhard A; Cárdenas-Morales, Lizbeth; Gao, Ying

2018-01-01

How to cite this article: Sabel BA, Cárdenas-Morales L, Gao Y. Vision Restoration in Glaucoma by activating Residual Vision with a Holistic, Clinical Approach: A Review. J Curr Glaucoma Pract 2018;12(1):1-9.

Odométrie visuelle en milieu naturel pour les robots mobiles

OpenAIRE

Duperal, B.

2013-01-01

/ Dans le cadre de ce stage, l'objectif est d'étudier les performances de la vision artificielle, pour permettre à un robot mobile de se localiser, en utilisant soit une caméra, soit un système de stéréovision, dans un environnement naturel (arbres, cultures, champs agricoles, bâtiments,...), suite à des pertes de signal GPS. La localisation de robots par vision artificielle nécessite de réaliser des opérations d'appariement de points invariants (détection d'amers, zones particulières sur ...

Accuracy of vision technicians in screening ocular pathology at rural vision centres of southern India.

Science.gov (United States)

Suram, Vasantha; Addepalli, Uday Kumar; Krishnaiah, Sannapaneni; Kovai, Vilas; Khanna, Rohit C

2016-03-01

There is paucity of data on the inter-observer agreement and diagnostic accuracy between a primary-care technician (vision technician) and an ophthalmologist. Hence, the current study was conducted to assess the accuracy of vision technicians, to screen potentially sight-threatening ocular conditions at rural vision centres of southern India and their agreement with an ophthalmologist. In July to August 2010, patients presenting to seven vision centres in Adilabad district (Andhra Pradesh) were selected and screened in a masked manner by seven vision technicians followed by an examination by a consultant ophthalmologist. Agreement was assessed between vision technicians and the ophthalmologist for screening of potential sight-threatening ocular conditions and decisions for referral. The ophthalmologist's findings were considered as the reference standard. Two hundred and seventy-nine patients were enrolled at seven vision centres with a mean age of 32.9 ± 21.8 years. Agreement for screening of ocular pathology was 0.82 (95 per cent CI, 0.8-0.83). There was excellent agreement for cataract (0.97; 95 per cent CI, 0.93-1), refractive error (0.98; 95 per cent CI, 0.96-1), corneal pathology (1.0; 95 per cent CI, 1.0-1.0) and other anterior segment pathology (0.95; 95 per cent CI, 0.9-1); the agreement was moderate to fair for detection of glaucoma suspects (0.43; 95 per cent CI, 0.28-0.60) and retinal pathology (0.39; 95 per cent CI, 0.14-0.63). Sensitivity for screening of anterior segment pathology was 94.6-100 per cent. There was a fair to moderate sensitivity for glaucoma suspect; 35.6 per cent (95 per cent CI, 21.9-51.2) and retinal pathology 26.3 per cent (95 per cent CI, 9.2-51.2). Specificity for screening of ocular pathology was 98.2 to 100 per cent. The kappa (κ) agreement for referral for any pathology was 0.82 (0.8-0.83) CONCLUSION: As there is good agreement between the vision technicians and the ophthalmologist for screening and referral of

Soft Computing Techniques in Vision Science

CERN Document Server

Yang, Yeon-Mo

2012-01-01

This Special Edited Volume is a unique approach towards Computational solution for the upcoming field of study called Vision Science. From a scientific firmament Optics, Ophthalmology, and Optical Science has surpassed an Odyssey of optimizing configurations of Optical systems, Surveillance Cameras and other Nano optical devices with the metaphor of Nano Science and Technology. Still these systems are falling short of its computational aspect to achieve the pinnacle of human vision system. In this edited volume much attention has been given to address the coupling issues Computational Science and Vision Studies.  It is a comprehensive collection of research works addressing various related areas of Vision Science like Visual Perception and Visual system, Cognitive Psychology, Neuroscience, Psychophysics and Ophthalmology, linguistic relativity, color vision etc. This issue carries some latest developments in the form of research articles and presentations. The volume is rich of contents with technical tools ...

Dense image correspondences for computer vision

CERN Document Server

Liu, Ce

2016-01-01

This book describes the fundamental building-block of many new computer vision systems: dense and robust correspondence estimation. Dense correspondence estimation techniques are now successfully being used to solve a wide range of computer vision problems, very different from the traditional applications such techniques were originally developed to solve. This book introduces the techniques used for establishing correspondences between challenging image pairs, the novel features used to make these techniques robust, and the many problems dense correspondences are now being used to solve. The book provides information to anyone attempting to utilize dense correspondences in order to solve new or existing computer vision problems. The editors describe how to solve many computer vision problems by using dense correspondence estimation. Finally, it surveys resources, code, and data necessary for expediting the development of effective correspondence-based computer vision systems.   ·         Provides i...

Participative Action Research: The Vision Conference

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

René Victor Valqui Vidal

2003-11-01

Full Text Available This paper presents the principles behind the design and management of the Vision Conference: a one-day workshop for a large group of participants endeavoured to create ideas, projects and visions for the future activities of a local community or an organisation. A case study from a local community in Denmark is also presented with the purpose of illustrating the organisation, planning and management of a Vision Conference. The paper focuses in the three central social processes of the conference: group work, problem solving and facilitation. The paper ends with a discussion of creativity and creativity techniques suitable for Vision Conferences.

Regional new energy vision for Fukuoka city; Fukuokashi chiiki shin energy vision

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2001-02-01

A regional new energy vision has been formulated for Fukuoka city, Fukuoka Prefecture, which will serve as a basic guide to the promotion of new energy introduction which is one of the measures for coping with environmental problems. The vision is described in five chapters of (1) the local characteristics of Fukuoka city, (2) energy situation in Fukuoka city, (3) basic program, (4) high priority plans, and (5) efforts to enhance the vision toward realization. Discussed as high priority plans are the introduction of new energy into public buildings above all others, high efficiency utilization of refuse-derived energy, utilization of new energy at water supply and drainage facilities, utilization of water temperature difference energy, introduction of clean energy vehicles, promotion of a new energy industry, and the extension of assistance for encouraging citizens and industrialists to adopt new energy. In extending assistance for encouraging the introduction of new energy, studies are made about measures for introducing new energy into individual residences and about a citizenry-involving new energy adopting industry (offering a site to the power generation industry) under the basal conditions that information be supplied sufficiently and that the citizenry and administration cooperate with each other in driving forward the vision. (NEDO)

Vision in high-level football officials.

Science.gov (United States)

Baptista, António Manuel Gonçalves; Serra, Pedro M; McAlinden, Colm; Barrett, Brendan T

2017-01-01

Officiating in football depends, at least to some extent, upon adequate visual function. However, there is no vision standard for football officiating and the nature of the relationship between officiating performance and level of vision is unknown. As a first step in characterising this relationship, we report on the clinically-measured vision and on the perceived level of vision in elite-level, Portuguese football officials. Seventy-one referees (R) and assistant referees (AR) participated in the study, representing 92% of the total population of elite level football officials in Portugal in the 2013/2014 season. Nine of the 22 Rs (40.9%) and ten of the 49 ARs (20.4%) were international-level. Information about visual history was also gathered. Perceived vision was assessed using the preference-values-assigned-to-global-visual-status (PVVS) and the Quality-of-Vision (QoV) questionnaire. Standard clinical vision measures (including visual acuity, contrast sensitivity and stereopsis) were gathered in a subset (n = 44, 62%) of the participants. Data were analysed according to the type (R/AR) and level (international/national) of official, and Bonferroni corrections were applied to reduce the risk of type I errors. Adopting criterion for statistical significance of pfootball officials were similar to published normative values for young, adult populations and similar between R and AR. Clinically-measured vision did not differ according to officiating level. Visual acuity measured with and without a pinhole disc indicated that around one quarter of participants may be capable of better vision when officiating, as evidenced by better acuity (≥1 line of letters) using the pinhole. Amongst the clinical visual tests we used, we did not find evidence for above-average performance in elite-level football officials. Although the impact of uncorrected mild to moderate refractive error upon officiating performance is unknown, with a greater uptake of eye examinations, visual

VISION User Guide - VISION (Verifiable Fuel Cycle Simulation) Model

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Jacobson, Jacob J.; Jeffers, Robert F.; Matthern, Gretchen E.; Piet, Steven J.; Baker, Benjamin A.; Grimm, Joseph

2009-01-01

The purpose of this document is to provide a guide for using the current version of the Verifiable Fuel Cycle Simulation (VISION) model. This is a complex model with many parameters; the user is strongly encouraged to read this user guide before attempting to run the model. This model is an R and D work in progress and may contain errors and omissions. It is based upon numerous assumptions. This model is intended to assist in evaluating 'what if' scenarios and in comparing fuel, reactor, and fuel processing alternatives at a systems level for U.S. nuclear power. The model is not intended as a tool for process flow and design modeling of specific facilities nor for tracking individual units of fuel or other material through the system. The model is intended to examine the interactions among the components of a fuel system as a function of time varying system parameters; this model represents a dynamic rather than steady-state approximation of the nuclear fuel system. VISION models the nuclear cycle at the system level, not individual facilities, e.g., 'reactor types' not individual reactors and 'separation types' not individual separation plants. Natural uranium can be enriched, which produces enriched uranium, which goes into fuel fabrication, and depleted uranium (DU), which goes into storage. Fuel is transformed (transmuted) in reactors and then goes into a storage buffer. Used fuel can be pulled from storage into either separation of disposal. If sent to separations, fuel is transformed (partitioned) into fuel products, recovered uranium, and various categories of waste. Recycled material is stored until used by its assigned reactor type. Note that recovered uranium is itself often partitioned: some RU flows with recycled transuranic elements, some flows with wastes, and the rest is designated RU. RU comes out of storage if needed to correct the U/TRU ratio in new recycled fuel. Neither RU nor DU are designated as wastes. VISION is comprised of several Microsoft

delta-vision

Data.gov (United States)

California Natural Resource Agency — Delta Vision is intended to identify a strategy for managing the Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta as a sustainable ecosystem that would continue to support environmental...

Computer and machine vision theory, algorithms, practicalities

CERN Document Server

Davies, E R

2012-01-01

Computer and Machine Vision: Theory, Algorithms, Practicalities (previously entitled Machine Vision) clearly and systematically presents the basic methodology of computer and machine vision, covering the essential elements of the theory while emphasizing algorithmic and practical design constraints. This fully revised fourth edition has brought in more of the concepts and applications of computer vision, making it a very comprehensive and up-to-date tutorial text suitable for graduate students, researchers and R&D engineers working in this vibrant subject. Key features include: Practical examples and case studies give the 'ins and outs' of developing real-world vision systems, giving engineers the realities of implementing the principles in practice New chapters containing case studies on surveillance and driver assistance systems give practical methods on these cutting-edge applications in computer vision Necessary mathematics and essential theory are made approachable by careful explanations and well-il...

Standards for vision science libraries: 2014 revision.

Science.gov (United States)

Motte, Kristin; Caldwell, C Brooke; Lamson, Karen S; Ferimer, Suzanne; Nims, J Chris

2014-10-01

This Association of Vision Science Librarians revision of the "Standards for Vision Science Libraries" aspires to provide benchmarks to address the needs for the services and resources of modern vision science libraries (academic, medical or hospital, pharmaceutical, and so on), which share a core mission, are varied by type, and are located throughout the world. Through multiple meeting discussions, member surveys, and a collaborative revision process, the standards have been updated for the first time in over a decade. While the range of types of libraries supporting vision science services, education, and research is wide, all libraries, regardless of type, share core attributes, which the standards address. The current standards can and should be used to help develop new vision science libraries or to expand the growth of existing libraries, as well as to support vision science librarians in their work to better provide services and resources to their respective users.

Efficacy of vision therapy in children with learning disability and associated binocular vision anomalies

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Jameel Rizwana Hussaindeen

2018-01-01

Conclusion: Children with specific learning disorders have a high frequency of binocular vision disorders and vision therapy plays a significant role in improving the BV parameters. Children with SLD should be screened for BV anomalies as it could potentially be an added hindrance to the reading difficulty in this special population.

Prevalence of computer vision syndrome in Erbil

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Dler Jalal Ahmed

2018-04-01

Full Text Available Background and objective: Nearly all colleges, universities and homes today are regularly using video display terminals, such as computer, iPad, mobile, and TV. Very little research has been carried out on Kurdish users to reveal the effect of video display terminals on the eye and vision. This study aimed to evaluate the prevalence of computer vision syndrome among computer users. Methods: A hospital based cross-sectional study was conducted in the Ophthalmology Department of Rizgary and Erbil teaching hospitals in Erbil city. Those used computers in the months preceding the date of this study were included in the study. Results: Among 173 participants aged between 8 to 48 years (mean age of 23.28±6.6 years, the prevalence of computer vision syndrome found to be 89.65%. The most disturbing symptom was eye irritation (79.8%, followed by blurred vision(75.7%. Participants who were using visual display terminals for more than six hours per day were at higher risk of developing nearly all symptoms of computer vision syndrome. Significant correlation was found between time-consuming on computer and symptoms such as headache (P <0.001, redness (P <0.001, eye irritation (P <0.001, blurred vision (P <0.001 and neck pain (P <0.001. Conclusion: The present study demonstrates that more than three-fourths of the participants had one of the symptoms of computer vision syndrome while working on visual display terminals. Keywords: Computer vision syndrome; Headache; Neck pain; Blurred vision.

Representing vision and blindness.

Science.gov (United States)

Ray, Patrick L; Cox, Alexander P; Jensen, Mark; Allen, Travis; Duncan, William; Diehl, Alexander D

2016-01-01

There have been relatively few attempts to represent vision or blindness ontologically. This is unsurprising as the related phenomena of sight and blindness are difficult to represent ontologically for a variety of reasons. Blindness has escaped ontological capture at least in part because: blindness or the employment of the term 'blindness' seems to vary from context to context, blindness can present in a myriad of types and degrees, and there is no precedent for representing complex phenomena such as blindness. We explore current attempts to represent vision or blindness, and show how these attempts fail at representing subtypes of blindness (viz., color blindness, flash blindness, and inattentional blindness). We examine the results found through a review of current attempts and identify where they have failed. By analyzing our test cases of different types of blindness along with the strengths and weaknesses of previous attempts, we have identified the general features of blindness and vision. We propose an ontological solution to represent vision and blindness, which capitalizes on resources afforded to one who utilizes the Basic Formal Ontology as an upper-level ontology. The solution we propose here involves specifying the trigger conditions of a disposition as well as the processes that realize that disposition. Once these are specified we can characterize vision as a function that is realized by certain (in this case) biological processes under a range of triggering conditions. When the range of conditions under which the processes can be realized are reduced beyond a certain threshold, we are able to say that blindness is present. We characterize vision as a function that is realized as a seeing process and blindness as a reduction in the conditions under which the sight function is realized. This solution is desirable because it leverages current features of a major upper-level ontology, accurately captures the phenomenon of blindness, and can be

Hi-Vision telecine system using pickup tube

Science.gov (United States)

Iijima, Goro

1992-08-01

Hi-Vision broadcasting, offering far more lifelike pictures than those produced by existing television broadcasting systems, has enormous potential in both industrial and commercial fields. The dissemination of the Hi-Vision system will enable vivid, movie theater quality pictures to be readily enjoyed in homes in the near future. To convert motion film pictures into Hi-Vision signals, a telecine system is needed. The Hi-Vision telecine systems currently under development are the "laser telecine," "flying-spot telecine," and "Saticon telecine" systems. This paper provides an overview of the pickup tube type Hi-Vision telecine system (referred to herein as the Saticon telecine system) developed and marketed by Ikegami Tsushinki Co., Ltd.

Low Vision Care: The Need to Maximise Visual Potential

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Ramachandra Pararajasegaram

2004-01-01

Full Text Available People with low vision have residual vision with some light perception, but their vision loss does not lend itself to improvement by standard spectacles or medical or surgical treatment. Such persons have the potential for enhanced functional vision if they receive appropriate low vision care services.

Algorithmic strategies for FPGA-based vision

OpenAIRE

Lim, Yoong Kang

2016-01-01

As demands for real-time computer vision applications increase, implementations on alternative architectures have been explored. These architectures include Field-Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGAs), which offer a high degree of flexibility and parallelism. A problem with this is that many computer vision algorithms have been optimized for serial processing, and this often does not map well to FPGA implementation. This thesis introduces the concept of FPGA-tailored computer vision algorithms...

Eldercare at Home: Vision Problems

Science.gov (United States)

... seeing close objects or reading small print. Many things can be done to help with these vision problems. Using reading ... t Working If vision problems seem to be getting worse and are of major concern to the ... what the results have been. Related Resources ...

Les objectifs et les critères de sélection. Les aptitudes bouchères : croissance, efficacité alimentaire et qualité de la carcasse

OpenAIRE

SELLIER, Pierre; BOUIX, J.; Renand, Gilles; MOLENAT, M.

1992-01-01

Les programmes de sélection sur les aptitudes bouchères ont un double objectif : l’abaissement du coût de production et l’amélioration de la qualité du produit. Cet article rappelle un certain nombre de données de base sur les aptitudes bouchères : courbe de croissance, évolution de la composition chimique et tissulaire chez l’animal en croissance (notion d’allométrie), énergétique de la croissance (relation entre efficacité alimentaire et croissance musculaire), développement des tissus musc...

Embedded active vision system based on an FPGA architecture

OpenAIRE

Chalimbaud , Pierre; Berry , François

2006-01-01

International audience; In computer vision and more particularly in vision processing, the impressive evolution of algorithms and the emergence of new techniques dramatically increase algorithm complexity. In this paper, a novel FPGA-based architecture dedicated to active vision (and more precisely early vision) is proposed. Active vision appears as an alternative approach to deal with artificial vision problems. The central idea is to take into account the perceptual aspects of visual tasks,...

Age-Related Psychophysical Changes and Low Vision

Science.gov (United States)

Dagnelie, Gislin

2013-01-01

When considering the burden of visual impairment on aging individuals and society at large, it is important to bear in mind that vision changes are a natural aspect of aging. In this article, we consider vision changes that are part of normal aging, the prevalence of abnormal vision changes caused by disorders of the visual system, and the anticipated incidence and impact of visual impairment as the US population ages. We then discuss the services available to reduce the impact of vision loss, and the extent to which those services can and should be improved, not only to be better prepared for the anticipated increase in low vision over the coming decades, but also to increase the awareness of interactions between visual impairment and comorbidities that are common among the elderly. Finally, we consider how to promote improved quality, availability, and acceptance of low vision care to lessen the impact of visual impairment on individuals, and its burden on society. PMID:24335074

State of Vision Development in Slovenian Companies

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Vojko Toman

2014-05-01

Full Text Available Vision is a prerequisite for efficient strategic planning and the effectiveness of a company. If a company has no vision (i.e., it does not know where it is heading, then it cannot build on advantages, eliminate weaknesses, exploit opportunities and avoid threats. The term ‘vision’ is often used in scientific and professional literature, but it should be noted that different authors understand the term differently and often discuss it inadequately. Many questions regarding the nature of vision arise in practice and in theory, and I answer many of them in my article. I define vision, explain the reasons for its necessity and provide its characteristics and content. I define mission and explain the main difference between vision and mission. The majority of the article presents the results of empirical research on the state of vision setting in Slovenian companies. The article highlights the way in which these terms are understood by top managers.

Là où compte chaque goutte de pluie – la gestion des risques ...

International Development Research Centre (IDRC) Digital Library (Canada)

10 nov. 2011 ... Je consulte chaque jour notre pluviomètre et je prends des notes, dit-elle. Autrefois, les prévisions de la météo, c'était pour beaucoup d'entre nous comme un tambour qu'on entendait au loin, mais aujourd'hui on comprend bien le message. Ça nous aide à prédire la quantité de pluie que nous allons ...

Understanding and applying machine vision

CERN Document Server

Zeuch, Nello

2000-01-01

A discussion of applications of machine vision technology in the semiconductor, electronic, automotive, wood, food, pharmaceutical, printing, and container industries. It describes systems that enable projects to move forward swiftly and efficiently, and focuses on the nuances of the engineering and system integration of machine vision technology.

Low-Power Smart Imagers for Vision-Enabled Sensor Networks

CERN Document Server

Fernández-Berni, Jorge; Rodríguez-Vázquez, Ángel

2012-01-01

This book presents a comprehensive, systematic approach to the development of vision system architectures that employ sensory-processing concurrency and parallel processing to meet the autonomy challenges posed by a variety of safety and surveillance applications.  Coverage includes a thorough analysis of resistive diffusion networks embedded within an image sensor array. This analysis supports a systematic approach to the design of spatial image filters and their implementation as vision chips in CMOS technology. The book also addresses system-level considerations pertaining to the embedding of these vision chips into vision-enabled wireless sensor networks.  Describes a system-level approach for designing of vision devices and  embedding them into vision-enabled, wireless sensor networks; Surveys state-of-the-art, vision-enabled WSN nodes; Includes details of specifications and challenges of vision-enabled WSNs; Explains architectures for low-energy CMOS vision chips with embedded, programmable spatial f...

Investigation report on establishment of new energy vision in Toyohashi area; Toyohashi chiiki shin energy vision sakutei chosa hokokusho

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2001-02-01

The 'new energy vision for Toyohashi (Aichi Prefecture) area' was established from the viewpoint that proliferation of new energy use, which is less familiar and higher in cost, requires induction by urban and environmental measures, and consistency with district characteristics. The achievements were put into order as the report on the Toyohashi area new energy vision and the investigation on the vision establishment. The vision is composed by the following four items: 1) basic matters concerning the vision, 2) ideas and policies of the vision, 3) major measures for introducing new energies, and 4) promotion of the vision. Item 3) presents the introduction measures, introduction project, and measure development by areas. Considerations on the introduction measures include enlightenment for proliferation, expansion in information provision, development of preferential treatments, initiative introduction into public facilities, and the measures to strengthen cooperative works by citizens, business entities, and the administration. The following four projects were set: introduction of wastes power generation into the Resource Production Center (wastes treatment plant), improvement of the surplus heat utilization facilities, and introduction of wind power generation into the General Agricultural Park. (NEDO)

Investigation report on establishment of new energy vision in Toyohashi area; Toyohashi chiiki shin energy vision sakutei chosa hokokusho

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2001-02-01

The 'new energy vision for Toyohashi (Aichi Prefecture) area' was established from the viewpoint that proliferation of new energy use, which is less familiar and higher in cost, requires induction by urban and environmental measures, and consistency with district characteristics. The achievements were put into order as the report on the Toyohashi area new energy vision and the investigation on the vision establishment. The vision is composed by the following four items: 1) basic matters concerning the vision, 2) ideas and policies of the vision, 3) major measures for introducing new energies, and 4) promotion of the vision. Item 3) presents the introduction measures, introduction project, and measure development by areas. Considerations on the introduction measures include enlightenment for proliferation, expansion in information provision, development of preferential treatments, initiative introduction into public facilities, and the measures to strengthen cooperative works by citizens, business entities, and the administration. The following four projects were set: introduction of wastes power generation into the Resource Production Center (wastes treatment plant), improvement of the surplus heat utilization facilities, and introduction of wind power generation into the General Agricultural Park. (NEDO)

Quality of life in Nepalese patients with low vision and the impact of low vision services

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Rajendra Gyawali

2012-10-01

Conclusions: Low vision patients have poor quality of life as measured with the NEI VFQ-25. Low vision service is associated with improved visual function, better quality of life and high rate of patient satisfaction.

A memory-array architecture for computer vision

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Balsara, P.T.

1989-01-01

With the fast advances in the area of computer vision and robotics there is a growing need for machines that can understand images at a very high speed. A conventional von Neumann computer is not suited for this purpose because it takes a tremendous amount of time to solve most typical image processing problems. Exploiting the inherent parallelism present in various vision tasks can significantly reduce the processing time. Fortunately, parallelism is increasingly affordable as hardware gets cheaper. Thus it is now imperative to study computer vision in a parallel processing framework. The author should first design a computational structure which is well suited for a wide range of vision tasks and then develop parallel algorithms which can run efficiently on this structure. Recent advances in VLSI technology have led to several proposals for parallel architectures for computer vision. In this thesis he demonstrates that a memory array architecture with efficient local and global communication capabilities can be used for high speed execution of a wide range of computer vision tasks. This architecture, called the Access Constrained Memory Array Architecture (ACMAA), is efficient for VLSI implementation because of its modular structure, simple interconnect and limited global control. Several parallel vision algorithms have been designed for this architecture. The choice of vision problems demonstrates the versatility of ACMAA for a wide range of vision tasks. These algorithms were simulated on a high level ACMAA simulator running on the Intel iPSC/2 hypercube, a parallel architecture. The results of this simulation are compared with those of sequential algorithms running on a single hypercube node. Details of the ACMAA processor architecture are also presented.

Functional vision loss: a diagnosis of exclusion.

Science.gov (United States)

Villegas, Rex B; Ilsen, Pauline F

2007-10-01

Most cases of visual acuity or visual field loss can be attributed to ocular pathology or ocular manifestations of systemic pathology. They can also occasionally be attributed to nonpathologic processes or malingering. Functional vision loss is any decrease in vision the origin of which cannot be attributed to a pathologic or structural abnormality. Two cases of functional vision loss are described. In the first, a 58-year-old man presented for a baseline eye examination for enrollment in a vision rehabilitation program. He reported bilateral blindness since a motor vehicle accident with head trauma 4 years prior. Entering visual acuity was "no light perception" in each eye. Ocular health examination was normal and the patient made frequent eye contact with the examiners. He was referred for neuroimaging and electrophysiologic testing. The second case was a 49-year-old man who presented with a long history of intermittent monocular diplopia. His medical history was significant for psycho-medical evaluations and a diagnosis of factitious disorder. Entering uncorrected visual acuities were 20/20 in each eye, but visual field testing found constriction. No abnormalities were found that could account for the monocular diplopia or visual field deficit. A diagnosis of functional vision loss secondary to factitious disorder was made. Functional vision loss is a diagnosis of exclusion. In the event of reduced vision in the context of a normal ocular health examination, all other pathology must be ruled out before making the diagnosis of functional vision loss. Evaluation must include auxiliary ophthalmologic testing, neuroimaging of the visual pathway, review of the medical history and lifestyle, and psychiatric evaluation. Comanagement with a psychiatrist is essential for patients with functional vision loss.

From Vision to Actuality: Translating the Organizing Vision of Mobile Technology in Home Care

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Jensen, Tina Blegind; Agger Nielsen, Jeppe

Empirical evidence from a case study of the diffusion and adoption of mobile technology in a highly structured home care setting in Denmark shows how an organizational field vision of an efficient mobile technology was created and became transformed through diverse translation mechanisms...... the organizing vision for mobile technology in practice. Our findings show that an integration of the translation perspective not only furthers our understanding of the malleability of the organizing vision but also shows how actions at multiple levels interact to enable technology adoption and eventually...... institutionalization. Our study contributes to the increasing research on diffusion and adoption of mobile technologies within healthcare by challenging dominant single level analysis and factor-orientated approaches....

Robot vision for nuclear advanced robot

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Nakayama, Ryoichi; Okano, Hideharu; Kuno, Yoshinori; Miyazawa, Tatsuo; Shimada, Hideo; Okada, Satoshi; Kawamura, Astuo

1991-01-01

This paper describes Robot Vision and Operation System for Nuclear Advanced Robot. This Robot Vision consists of robot position detection, obstacle detection and object recognition. With these vision techniques, a mobile robot can make a path and move autonomously along the planned path. The authors implemented the above robot vision system on the 'Advanced Robot for Nuclear Power Plant' and tested in an environment mocked up as nuclear power plant facilities. Since the operation system for this robot consists of operator's console and a large stereo monitor, this system can be easily operated by one person. Experimental tests were made using the Advanced Robot (nuclear robot). Results indicate that the proposed operation system is very useful, and can be operate by only person. (author)

Integrating National Space Visions

Science.gov (United States)

Sherwood, Brent

2006-01-01

This paper examines value proposition assumptions for various models nations may use to justify, shape, and guide their space programs. Nations organize major societal investments like space programs to actualize national visions represented by leaders as investments in the public good. The paper defines nine 'vision drivers' that circumscribe the motivations evidently underpinning national space programs. It then describes 19 fundamental space activity objectives (eight extant and eleven prospective) that nations already do or could in the future use to actualize the visions they select. Finally the paper presents four contrasting models of engagement among nations, and compares these models to assess realistic pounds on the pace of human progress in space over the coming decades. The conclusion is that orthogonal engagement, albeit unlikely because it is unprecedented, would yield the most robust and rapid global progress.

Applications of AI, machine vision and robotics

CERN Document Server

Boyer, Kim; Bunke, H

1995-01-01

This text features a broad array of research efforts in computer vision including low level processing, perceptual organization, object recognition and active vision. The volume's nine papers specifically report on topics such as sensor confidence, low level feature extraction schemes, non-parametric multi-scale curve smoothing, integration of geometric and non-geometric attributes for object recognition, design criteria for a four degree-of-freedom robot head, a real-time vision system based on control of visual attention and a behavior-based active eye vision system. The scope of the book pr

FPGA Implementation of Computer Vision Algorithm

OpenAIRE

Zhou, Zhonghua

2014-01-01

Computer vision algorithms, which play an significant role in vision processing, is widely applied in many aspects such as geology survey, traffic management and medical care, etc.. Most of the situations require the process to be real-timed, in other words, as fast as possible. Field Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGAs) have a advantage of parallelism fabric in programming, comparing to the serial communications of CPUs, which makes FPGA a perfect platform for implementing vision algorithms. The...

21 CFR 886.5915 - Optical vision aid.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-04-01

... 21 Food and Drugs 8 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false Optical vision aid. 886.5915 Section 886.5915 Food... DEVICES OPHTHALMIC DEVICES Therapeutic Devices § 886.5915 Optical vision aid. (a) Identification. An optical vision aid is a device that consists of a magnifying lens with an accompanying AC-powered or...

21 CFR 886.5540 - Low-vision magnifier.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-04-01

... 21 Food and Drugs 8 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false Low-vision magnifier. 886.5540 Section 886.5540...) MEDICAL DEVICES OPHTHALMIC DEVICES Therapeutic Devices § 886.5540 Low-vision magnifier. (a) Identification. A low-vision magnifier is a device that consists of a magnifying lens intended for use by a patient...

21 CFR 886.5870 - Low-vision telescope.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-04-01

... 21 Food and Drugs 8 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false Low-vision telescope. 886.5870 Section 886.5870...) MEDICAL DEVICES OPHTHALMIC DEVICES Therapeutic Devices § 886.5870 Low-vision telescope. (a) Identification. A low-vision telescope is a device that consists of an arrangement of lenses or mirrors intended for...

VISION- REQUIREMENT FOR A SUCCESSFUL LEADER

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Angela - Olimpia Lobonea (Oltean

2014-12-01

Full Text Available These people were called in the past chiefs, rulers. Now they are known as leaders. After management by objectives, strategic planning, project organization, this concept appears as a tool called "fourth generation". It is called VISION. Leadership and vision exist in the actual sense, which has become modern a few decades ago, managing to gather during this time a variety of scientific instruments. The connection between these two domains creates a certain type of leader, the visionary leader. The hypothesis from which we start is that all active leaders have a vision of what needs to be accomplished, and the inability to predict something that could be provided involves loss the capacity of the leader. Without vision, the energy reaches the lowest quotas, production decreases, terms limits are exceeded and human resources begin to dissipate.. The conclusion is that visionary leaders are endowed with multiple attributes (multiple intelligence, even if sometimes the role of intuition and unconscious in building vision at the expense of reason that is based on experience and facts is exaggerated.

The Rate of Low Vision Aids Usage after Prescription at the Saba and Khazaneh Clinics in Low Vision Clients

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Nasser Sadegh-Pour

2008-04-01

Full Text Available Objective: This research was aimed to determine the rate of low vision aids uses by low vision clients in their daily living. Materials & Methods: In this descriptive study that was done at the Saba and Khazaneh clinics, 50 people from low vision clients were selected by convenient sampling during 2005 & 2006. One questionnaire was completed by therapist at the first time of optometric examination and useful low vision aid (LVA has been prescript and given to clients. After three months (at least they should came back to center and fill the second form. The first form was about functional vision without LVA and second too, but by using of LVA. They have been compared to fulfill the result of research. Data were analyzed by Spearman correlation coefficient, Chi – square and Wilcoxon tests. Results: Spearman correlation coefficient between use of LVAs for near with duration and frequency of study were 0/491 and 0/520 with probability values such as P=0/003 and P=0/002 that shown significant relation. There was significant difference in traffic measure and environment knowing between before and after of far LVAs using (P=0/002 and their SCC was 0/499. There was significant relation between use of low vision aid and education after prescription (P=0/011. Conclusion: However the LVAs improve vision of low vision person, but many of them don’t use by different reasons.

Color Vision Defects in School Going Children

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

R K Shrestha

2010-12-01

Full Text Available Introduction: Color Vision defect can be observed in various diseases of optic nerve and retina and also a significant number of people suffer from the inherited condition of red and green color defect. Methods: A cross-sectional descritptive study was designed with purposive sampling of students from various schools of Kathmandu Valley. All children were subjected to color vision evaluation using Ishihara Isochromatic color plates along with other examination to rule out any other causes of color deficiency. Results: A total of 2001 students were examined, 1050 male students and 951 females with mean age of 10.35 (±2.75 and 10.54 (±2.72 respectively. Among the total students examined, 2.1% had some form of color vision defects. Of the male population , 3.9% had color vision defects while none of the female was found with the deficiency. Conclusions: The prelevance of color vision defect in Nepal is significant and comparable with the prelevance quoted in the studies from different countries. Keywords:color vision; congenital red green color effect; Nepal; prevalence.

Management Matters. Nurture Your Vision

Science.gov (United States)

Pappas, Marjorie L.

2005-01-01

In many professional roles, long-term vision may help guide short-term decisions. This is especially true for school library professionals as library media programs are constantly evolving. This author suggests strategies to assist library media specialists to nurture their vision and provides reviews of several sources and experts in the field…

Coaching Peripheral Vision Training for Soccer Athletes

Science.gov (United States)

Marques, Nelson Kautzner, Jr.

2010-01-01

Brazilian Soccer began developing its current emphasis on peripheral vision in the late 1950s, by initiative of coach of the Canto do Rio Football Club, in Niteroi, Rio de Janeiro, a pioneer in the development of peripheral vision training in soccer players. Peripheral vision training gained world relevance when a young talent from Canto do Rio,…

Identifying the factors that affect the job satisfaction of early career Notre Dame graduate physiotherapists.

Science.gov (United States)

Bacopanos, Eleni; Edgar, Susan

2016-11-01

Objective Previous studies have highlighted the short career intentions and high attrition rates of physiotherapists from the profession. The aim of the present study was to examine the job satisfaction and attrition rates of early career physiotherapists graduating from one Western Australian university. Methods A self-administered online survey was conducted of 157 Notre Dame physiotherapy graduates (2006-2012), incorporating a job satisfaction rating scale. Results Results showed that lowered job satisfaction was related to working in the cardiorespiratory area of physiotherapy and working in multiple jobs since graduation. The majority of graduates did not predict a long-term career in physiotherapy, highlighting a lack of career progression and limited scope of practice as influential factors. Conclusions Job satisfaction in early career physiotherapists varies across different clinical areas of practice related to several factors, including challenge and flexibility. New roles in the profession, including extended scope roles, may impact on the future job satisfaction of physiotherapists. Further studies are needed to explore the effect of these roles on workforce trends, including attrition rates. What is known about the topic? Physiotherapists predict careers of 10 years or less on entry into the profession. No previous studies have explored the individual factors influencing job satisfaction in early career physiotherapists across different clinical settings. What does this paper add? This study highlights specific factors influencing the job satisfaction of early career physiotherapists, including clinical area of practice. Physiotherapists working in the cardiorespiratory area were less satisfied, as were physiotherapists undertaking multiple positions since graduation. What are the implications for practitioners? This study informs employers and workforce planners on the factors affecting job satisfaction in early career physiotherapists. In addition

Notre Continent, Notre Avenir: Perspectives africaines sur l ...

International Development Research Centre (IDRC) Digital Library (Canada)

On ne sait pas très bien si la non-application effective résulte du refus ...... La main-d'œuvre est moins mobile au plan international que le capital, et donc ...... Auty, R., 1995, « Economic development and the resource curse thesis », dans ...

Color in Computer Vision Fundamentals and Applications

CERN Document Server

Gevers, Theo; van de Weijer, Joost; Geusebroek, Jan-Mark

2012-01-01

While the field of computer vision drives many of today’s digital technologies and communication networks, the topic of color has emerged only recently in most computer vision applications. One of the most extensive works to date on color in computer vision, this book provides a complete set of tools for working with color in the field of image understanding. Based on the authors’ intense collaboration for more than a decade and drawing on the latest thinking in the field of computer science, the book integrates topics from color science and computer vision, clearly linking theor

Ecstasy and vision

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Anders Hultgård

1981-01-01

Full Text Available In this paper we shall present some observations on the role played by ecstasy in the activity of the seer, as he emerges in ancient Jewish and Iranian texts. In the Jewish religious literature of the Hellenistic-Roman period, visions are described on almost every page, and visions were the most important means of divine revelation. Specific techniques for inducing the ecstatic state are not recorded in the Jewish sources. Some elements in the pattern leading up to the vision may be interpreted as parts of a method for inducing the final ecstasy; i.e. fasting and prayer. The Iranian material shows clearly the importance of ecstasy in the activity of the seer. The ecstatic seeing also means that the visionary shares with Ahura Mazda a divine quality, the "wisdom of omniscience". The granting of the "wisdom of omniscience" appears as a temporary and it conveys to the visionary a supernatural seeing. There is evidence to suggest that chanting was an important method of inducing ecstasy within the early Zoroastrian community. We do not find in the Jewish material a clear correspondence to the Iranian notion of "omniscient wisdom".

Limits of colour vision in dim light.

Science.gov (United States)

Kelber, Almut; Lind, Olle

2010-09-01

Humans and most vertebrates have duplex retinae with multiple cone types for colour vision in bright light, and one single rod type for achromatic vision in dim light. Instead of comparing signals from multiple spectral types of photoreceptors, such species use one highly sensitive receptor type thus improving the signal-to-noise ratio at night. However, the nocturnal hawkmoth Deilephila elpenor, the nocturnal bee Xylocopa tranquebarica and the nocturnal gecko Tarentola chazaliae can discriminate colours at extremely dim light intensities. To be able to do so, they sacrifice spatial and temporal resolution in favour of colour vision. We review what is known about colour vision in dim light, and compare colour vision thresholds with the optical sensitivity of the photoreceptors in selected animal species with lens and compound eyes. © 2010 The Authors, Ophthalmic and Physiological Optics © 2010 The College of Optometrists.

Vision training methods for sports concussion mitigation and management.

Science.gov (United States)

Clark, Joseph F; Colosimo, Angelo; Ellis, James K; Mangine, Robert; Bixenmann, Benjamin; Hasselfeld, Kimberly; Graman, Patricia; Elgendy, Hagar; Myer, Gregory; Divine, Jon

2015-05-05

There is emerging evidence supporting the use vision training, including light board training tools, as a concussion baseline and neuro-diagnostic tool and potentially as a supportive component to concussion prevention strategies. This paper is focused on providing detailed methods for select vision training tools and reporting normative data for comparison when vision training is a part of a sports management program. The overall program includes standard vision training methods including tachistoscope, Brock's string, and strobe glasses, as well as specialized light board training algorithms. Stereopsis is measured as a means to monitor vision training affects. In addition, quantitative results for vision training methods as well as baseline and post-testing *A and Reaction Test measures with progressive scores are reported. Collegiate athletes consistently improve after six weeks of training in their stereopsis, *A and Reaction Test scores. When vision training is initiated as a team wide exercise, the incidence of concussion decreases in players who participate in training compared to players who do not receive the vision training. Vision training produces functional and performance changes that, when monitored, can be used to assess the success of the vision training and can be initiated as part of a sports medical intervention for concussion prevention.

Real-time vision systems

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Johnson, R.; Hernandez, J.E.; Lu, Shin-yee [Lawrence Livermore National Lab., CA (United States)

1994-11-15

Many industrial and defence applications require an ability to make instantaneous decisions based on sensor input of a time varying process. Such systems are referred to as `real-time systems` because they process and act on data as it occurs in time. When a vision sensor is used in a real-time system, the processing demands can be quite substantial, with typical data rates of 10-20 million samples per second. A real-time Machine Vision Laboratory (MVL) was established in FY94 to extend our years of experience in developing computer vision algorithms to include the development and implementation of real-time vision systems. The laboratory is equipped with a variety of hardware components, including Datacube image acquisition and processing boards, a Sun workstation, and several different types of CCD cameras, including monochrome and color area cameras and analog and digital line-scan cameras. The equipment is reconfigurable for prototyping different applications. This facility has been used to support several programs at LLNL, including O Division`s Peacemaker and Deadeye Projects as well as the CRADA with the U.S. Textile Industry, CAFE (Computer Aided Fabric Inspection). To date, we have successfully demonstrated several real-time applications: bullet tracking, stereo tracking and ranging, and web inspection. This work has been documented in the ongoing development of a real-time software library.

Interfon

CERN Multimedia

Interfon

2014-01-01

Découvrez nos news sur notre site  www.interfon.fr « Au service de ses adhérents »   Le 26 février 2014, le Cern a reçu dans son univers exceptionnel une délégation des administrateurs de la mutuelle Interfon-Adrea ! Après une courte introduction, mais non moins passionnée, sur l’origine, la structure, les objectifs et le fonctionnement du Cern, les visiteurs ont pu descendre au cœur d’ATLAS, puis pénétrer dans le laboratoire de tests de composants « high tech » destinés aux accélérateurs de particules… En fin d’après-midi, les représentants  de l’Association du Personnel recevaient dans les locaux du « Jardin d’Enfants » cette délégation venue remettre un ch&...

L’interaction orale en présentiel et à distance : une étude de cas en classe de français

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Gemma Delgar Farrés

2015-12-01

Full Text Available Dans cet article, nous analysons les différences qui existent entre l’interaction orale directe et l’interaction orale à distance à partir de l’enregistrement d’une tâche d’expression orale réalisée par deux groupes de deux étudiants de français d’un niveau B1 face à face et par visioconférence. Ces deux enregistrements ont été transcrits avec le logiciel CLAN du programme CHILDES et ce logiciel nous a permis de caractériser les deux types d’interaction orale au niveau des pauses, des répétitions, des reformulations, de la longueur des énoncés, de la richesse lexicale, etc. Notre objectif est l’étude de l’influence du dispositif dans la communication orale à distance en cours de français.

Managing Dreams and Ambitions: A Psychological Analysis of Vision Communication

NARCIS (Netherlands)

D.A. Stam (Daan)

2008-01-01

textabstractThe communication of inspiring visions is arguably the sine qua non of change-oriented leadership. Visions are images of the future. Vision communication refers to the expression of a vision with the aim of convincing others (usually followers) that the vision is valid. Despite the fact

Mini-review: Far peripheral vision.

Science.gov (United States)

Simpson, Michael J

2017-11-01

The region of far peripheral vision, beyond 60 degrees of visual angle, is important to the evaluation of peripheral dark shadows (negative dysphotopsia) seen by some intraocular lens (IOL) patients. Theoretical calculations show that the limited diameter of an IOL affects ray paths at large angles, leading to a dimming of the main image for small pupils, and to peripheral illumination by light bypassing the IOL for larger pupils. These effects are rarely bothersome, and cataract surgery is highly successful, but there is a need to improve the characterization of far peripheral vision, for both pseudophakic and phakic eyes. Perimetry is the main quantitative test, but the purpose is to evaluate pathologies rather than characterize vision (and object and image regions are no longer uniquely related in the pseudophakic eye). The maximum visual angle is approximately 105 0 , but there is limited information about variations with age, race, or refractive error (in case there is an unexpected link with the development of myopia), or about how clear cornea, iris location, and the limiting retina are related. Also, the detection of peripheral motion is widely recognized to be important, yet rarely evaluated. Overall, people rarely complain specifically about this visual region, but with "normal" vision including an IOL for >5% of people, and increasing interest in virtual reality and augmented reality, there are new reasons to characterize peripheral vision more completely. Copyright © 2017 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

[Ophthalmologist and "computer vision syndrome"].

Science.gov (United States)

Barar, A; Apatachioaie, Ioana Daniela; Apatachioaie, C; Marceanu-Brasov, L

2007-01-01

The authors had tried to collect the data available on the Internet about a subject that we consider as being totally ignored in the Romanian scientific literature and unexpectedly insufficiently treated in the specialized ophthalmologic literature. Known in the specialty literature under the generic name of "Computer vision syndrome", it is defined by the American Optometric Association as a complex of eye and vision problems related to the activities which stress the near vision and which are experienced in relation, or during, the use of the computer. During the consultations we hear frequent complaints of eye-strain - asthenopia, headaches, blurred distance and/or near vision, dry and irritated eyes, slow refocusing, neck and backache, photophobia, sensation of diplopia, light sensitivity, and double vision, but because of the lack of information, we overlooked them too easily, without going thoroughly into the real motives. In most of the developed countries, there are recommendations issued by renowned medical associations with regard to the definition, the diagnosis, and the methods for the prevention, treatment and periodical control of the symptoms found in computer users, in conjunction with an extremely detailed ergonomic legislation. We found out that these problems incite a much too low interest in our country. We would like to rouse the interest of our ophthalmologist colleagues in the understanding and the recognition of these symptoms and in their treatment, or at least their improvement, through specialized measures or through the cooperation with our specialist occupational medicine colleagues.

Embedded Active Vision System Based on an FPGA Architecture

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Chalimbaud Pierre

2007-01-01

Full Text Available In computer vision and more particularly in vision processing, the impressive evolution of algorithms and the emergence of new techniques dramatically increase algorithm complexity. In this paper, a novel FPGA-based architecture dedicated to active vision (and more precisely early vision is proposed. Active vision appears as an alternative approach to deal with artificial vision problems. The central idea is to take into account the perceptual aspects of visual tasks, inspired by biological vision systems. For this reason, we propose an original approach based on a system on programmable chip implemented in an FPGA connected to a CMOS imager and an inertial set. With such a structure based on reprogrammable devices, this system admits a high degree of versatility and allows the implementation of parallel image processing algorithms.

Embedded Active Vision System Based on an FPGA Architecture

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Pierre Chalimbaud

2006-12-01

Full Text Available In computer vision and more particularly in vision processing, the impressive evolution of algorithms and the emergence of new techniques dramatically increase algorithm complexity. In this paper, a novel FPGA-based architecture dedicated to active vision (and more precisely early vision is proposed. Active vision appears as an alternative approach to deal with artificial vision problems. The central idea is to take into account the perceptual aspects of visual tasks, inspired by biological vision systems. For this reason, we propose an original approach based on a system on programmable chip implemented in an FPGA connected to a CMOS imager and an inertial set. With such a structure based on reprogrammable devices, this system admits a high degree of versatility and allows the implementation of parallel image processing algorithms.

En vision for CBS?

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Thyssen, Ole

2015-01-01

Kommentar. CBS’ ry for at være et moderne Business University med forskere fra hele verden og forskningsmæssig dynamik faldt på gulvet. Udfordringen er nu at få samlet CBS forskere om en fælles vision.......Kommentar. CBS’ ry for at være et moderne Business University med forskere fra hele verden og forskningsmæssig dynamik faldt på gulvet. Udfordringen er nu at få samlet CBS forskere om en fælles vision....

Ultraviolet vision may be widespread in bats

Science.gov (United States)

Gorresen, P. Marcos; Cryan, Paul; Dalton, David C.; Wolf, Sandy; Bonaccorso, Frank

2015-01-01

Insectivorous bats are well known for their abilities to find and pursue flying insect prey at close range using echolocation, but they also rely heavily on vision. For example, at night bats use vision to orient across landscapes, avoid large obstacles, and locate roosts. Although lacking sharp visual acuity, the eyes of bats evolved to function at very low levels of illumination. Recent evidence based on genetics, immunohistochemistry, and laboratory behavioral trials indicated that many bats can see ultraviolet light (UV), at least at illumination levels similar to or brighter than those before twilight. Despite this growing evidence for potentially widespread UV vision in bats, the prevalence of UV vision among bats remains unknown and has not been studied outside of the laboratory. We used a Y-maze to test whether wild-caught bats could see reflected UV light and whether such UV vision functions at the dim lighting conditions typically experienced by night-flying bats. Seven insectivorous species of bats, representing five genera and three families, showed a statistically significant ‘escape-toward-the-light’ behavior when placed in the Y-maze. Our results provide compelling evidence of widespread dim-light UV vision in bats.

Vision and vision-related outcome measures in multiple sclerosis

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Balcer, Laura J; Miller, David H; Reingold, Stephen C

2015-01-01

Visual impairment is a key manifestation of multiple sclerosis. Acute optic neuritis is a common, often presenting manifestation, but visual deficits and structural loss of retinal axonal and neuronal integrity can occur even without a history of optic neuritis. Interest in vision in multiple...... sclerosis is growing, partially in response to the development of sensitive visual function tests, structural markers such as optical coherence tomography and magnetic resonance imaging, and quality of life measures that give clinical meaning to the structure-function correlations that are unique...... of investigators involved in the development and study of visual outcomes in multiple sclerosis, which had, as its overriding goals, to review the state of the field and identify areas for future research. We review data and principles to help us understand the importance of vision as a model for outcomes...

The effect of Medicaid adult vision coverage on the likelihood of appropriate correction of distance vision: Evidence from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey.

Science.gov (United States)

Lipton, Brandy J; Decker, Sandra L

2016-02-01

Medicaid is the main public health insurance program for individuals with low income in the United States. Some state Medicaid programs cover preventive eye care services and vision correction, while others cover emergency eye care only. Similar to other optional benefits, states may add and drop adult vision benefits over time. This article examines whether providing adult vision benefits is associated with an increase in the percentage of low-income individuals with appropriately corrected distance vision as measured during an eye exam. We estimate the effect of Medicaid vision coverage on the likelihood of having appropriately corrected distance vision using examination data from the 2001-2008 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. We compare vision outcomes for Medicaid beneficiaries (n = 712) and other low income adults not enrolled in Medicaid (n = 4786) before and after changes to state vision coverage policies. Between 29 and 33 states provided Medicaid adult vision benefits during 2001-2008, depending on the year. Our findings imply that Medicaid adult vision coverage is associated with a significant increase in the percentage of Medicaid beneficiaries with appropriately corrected distance vision of up to 10 percentage points. Providing vision coverage to adults on Medicaid significantly increases the likelihood of appropriate correction of distance vision. Further research on the impact of vision coverage on related functional outcomes and the effects of Medicaid coverage of other services may be appropriate. Copyright © 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

L'implication des langues dans l'élaboration et la publication des recherches scientifiques l'exemple du français parmi d'autres langues

CERN Document Server

Blanchet, Philippe

2015-01-01

Pour certains, les langues sont des outils neutres sans liens (qu'ils soient nécessaires ou accidentels et historiques) avec des univers culturels, sans liens avec des façons de penser. Pour ceux-là, en tout cas, elles peuvent n'être que des outils quand on tient des discours scientifiques, ce qui implique une conception de la science comme étant neutre, objective, détachée du monde social. Dans cette vision, on peut sans encombre, y compris en sciences humaines, choisir n'importe quelle(s) langue(s) pour le faire. L'objectif de ce volume est de proposer une autre vision des rapports profonds

Evaluation of functional color vision requirements and current color vision screening tests for air traffic control specialists.

Science.gov (United States)

1990-08-01

An experiment was conducted to evaluate the relation of type and degree of color vision deficiency and aeromedical color vision screening test scores to performance of color-dependent tasks of Air Traffic Control Specialists. The subjects included 37...

Vision in high-level football officials.

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

António Manuel Gonçalves Baptista

Full Text Available Officiating in football depends, at least to some extent, upon adequate visual function. However, there is no vision standard for football officiating and the nature of the relationship between officiating performance and level of vision is unknown. As a first step in characterising this relationship, we report on the clinically-measured vision and on the perceived level of vision in elite-level, Portuguese football officials. Seventy-one referees (R and assistant referees (AR participated in the study, representing 92% of the total population of elite level football officials in Portugal in the 2013/2014 season. Nine of the 22 Rs (40.9% and ten of the 49 ARs (20.4% were international-level. Information about visual history was also gathered. Perceived vision was assessed using the preference-values-assigned-to-global-visual-status (PVVS and the Quality-of-Vision (QoV questionnaire. Standard clinical vision measures (including visual acuity, contrast sensitivity and stereopsis were gathered in a subset (n = 44, 62% of the participants. Data were analysed according to the type (R/AR and level (international/national of official, and Bonferroni corrections were applied to reduce the risk of type I errors. Adopting criterion for statistical significance of p<0.01, PVVS scores did not differ between R and AR (p = 0.88, or between national- and international-level officials (p = 0.66. Similarly, QoV scores did not differ between R and AR in frequency (p = 0.50, severity (p = 0.71 or bothersomeness (p = 0.81 of symptoms, or between international-level vs national-level officials for frequency (p = 0.03 or bothersomeness (p = 0.07 of symptoms. However, international-level officials reported less severe symptoms than their national-level counterparts (p<0.01. Overall, 18.3% of officials had either never had an eye examination or if they had, it was more than 3 years previously. Regarding refractive correction, 4.2% had undergone refractive surgery and

Optoelectronic vision

Science.gov (United States)

Ren, Chunye; Parel, Jean-Marie A.

1993-06-01

Scientists have searched every discipline to find effective methods of treating blindness, such as using aids based on conversion of the optical image, to auditory or tactile stimuli. However, the limited performance of such equipment and difficulties in training patients have seriously hampered practical applications. A great edification has been given by the discovery of Foerster (1929) and Krause & Schum (1931), who found that the electrical stimulation of the visual cortex evokes the perception of a small spot of light called `phosphene' in both blind and sighted subjects. According to this principle, it is possible to invite artificial vision by using stimulation with electrodes placed on the vision neural system, thereby developing a prosthesis for the blind that might be of value in reading and mobility. In fact, a number of investigators have already exploited this phenomena to produce a functional visual prosthesis, bringing about great advances in this area.

Christina Mosegaards barok-vision

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Isar, Nicoletta

2008-01-01

  Christina Mosegaards barok-vision: om folder, ansigter og stilhed Det mest fængslende ved Christinas billeder er ved første øjekast den slående kontrast mellem roen i hendes ikonagtige ansigter og den dramatiske drejende bevægelse i stoffolderne. Men er de nu så radikalt forskellige i deres nat...... under sløret. Hun forbliver tro mod sin særegne vision i ikonerne, som i deres hudvæv gentager det opal-agtige og iriserende i marmorfoldens årer....

Loss of Self and the Struggle for Individuality in Kate Chopin’s The Awakening

OpenAIRE

Yemez, Öznur

2016-01-01

Using Chodorowian terminology, the present study deals with The Awakening, in which Kate Chopin questions the concept of feminine personality, loss of self, vision of womanhood, male oppression of women, mother-woman and female quest for an individual personhood. Therefore, the paper argues that male-dominated society legitimates the victimization of women, creating a sense of selflessness through objectification of the female gender. Being exposed to overwhelming responsibilities from a very...

Computer vision as an alternative for collision detection

OpenAIRE

Drangsholt, Marius Aarvik

2015-01-01

The goal of this thesis was to implement a computer vision system on a low power platform, to see if that could be an alternative for a collision detection system. To achieve this, research into fundamentals in computer vision were performed, and both hardware and software implementation were carried out. To create the computer vision system, a stereo rig were constructed using low cost Logitech webcameras, and connected to a Raspberry Pi 2 development board. The computer vision library Op...

Linear study and bundle adjustment data fusion; Application to vision localization; Recherche lineaire et fusion de donnees par ajustement de faisceaux; Application a la localisation par vision

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Michot, J.

2010-12-09

de reduire le temps de convergence des minimisations. Une difficulte des algorithmes de localisation en temps reel par la vision (SLAM monoculaire) est que la trajectoire estimee est souvent affectee par des derives: derives d'orientation, de position et d'echelle. Puisque ces algorithmes sont incrementaux, les erreurs et approximations sont cumulees tout au long de la trajectoire, et une derive se forme sur la localisation globale. De plus, un systeme de localisation par vision peut toujours etre ebloui ou utilise dans des conditions qui ne permettent plus temporairement de calculer la localisation du systeme. Pour resoudre ces problemes, nous proposons d'utiliser un capteur supplementaire mesurant les deplacements de la camera. Le type de capteur utilise varie suivant l'application ciblee (un odometre pour la localisation d'un vehicule, une centrale inertielle legere ou un systeme de navigation a guidage inertiel pour localiser une personne). Notre approche consiste a integrer ces informations complementaires directement dans l'ajustement de faisceaux, en ajoutant un terme de contrainte pondere dans la fonction de cout. Nous evaluons trois methodes permettant de selectionner dynamiquement le coefficient de ponderation et montrons que ces methodes peuvent etre employees dans un SLAM multi-capteur temps reel, avec differents types de contrainte, sur l'orientation ou sur la norme du deplacement de la camera. La methode est applicable pour tout autre terme de moindres carres. Les experimentations menees sur des sequences video reelles montrent que cette technique d'ajustement de faisceaux contraint reduit les derives observees avec les algorithmes de vision classiques. Ils ameliorent ainsi la precision de la localisation globale du systeme

Key Informant Perceptions of Vision Loss in Children and ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

tulyasys

understand how vision can practically be assessed and how poor vision can affect a child, whether by limiting the ability to do activities of daily living or by limiting social interactions. In this group, there were some misconceptions regarding the use of color vision and the assessment of reading as a tool for vision assessment ...

Vision Related Quality of Life in Patients with Keratoconus

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Sevda Aydin Kurna

2014-01-01

Full Text Available Purpose. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the vision related quality of life in patients with keratoconus by using the National Eye Institute Visual Function Questionnaire-25 (NEI-VFQ-25. Methods. Thirty patients presented with keratoconus (keratoconus group and 30 healthy patients (control group were included in this study. Twenty patients were using rigid gas permeable and 10 patients were not using contact lenses in keratoconus group. High and low contrast visual acuity and mean K values of the patients were recorded. Each subject completed the 25-item NEI-VFQ-25. Results. All subscales of NEI-VFQ-25 were lower in the keratoconus patients. The difference was more evident in the subscales of general vision, ocular pain, near vision, vision-specific mental health, vision-specific role difficulties, and peripheral vision P 0.4 in the better eye had lower distance vision, social functioning, mental health, and role difficulties. Meanwhile, patients with low visual acuity (logMAR > 0.4 in the worse eye had lower general health scores P<0.05. Conclusions. Vision related quality of life was worse in keratoconus patients. Success in the contact lens usage and maintaining higher visual acuity may improve vision related quality of life.

A Practical Solution Using A New Approach To Robot Vision

Science.gov (United States)

Hudson, David L.

1984-01-01

Up to now, robot vision systems have been designed to serve both application development and operational needs in inspection, assembly and material handling. This universal approach to robot vision is too costly for many practical applications. A new industrial vision system separates the function of application program development from on-line operation. A Vision Development System (VDS) is equipped with facilities designed to simplify and accelerate the application program development process. A complimentary but lower cost Target Application System (TASK) runs the application program developed with the VDS. This concept is presented in the context of an actual robot vision application that improves inspection and assembly for a manufacturer of electronic terminal keyboards. Applications developed with a VDS experience lower development cost when compared with conventional vision systems. Since the TASK processor is not burdened with development tools, it can be installed at a lower cost than comparable "universal" vision systems that are intended to be used for both development and on-line operation. The VDS/TASK approach opens more industrial applications to robot vision that previously were not practical because of the high cost of vision systems. Although robot vision is a new technology, it has been applied successfully to a variety of industrial needs in inspection, manufacturing, and material handling. New developments in robot vision technology are creating practical, cost effective solutions for a variety of industrial needs. A year or two ago, researchers and robot manufacturers interested in implementing a robot vision application could take one of two approaches. The first approach was to purchase all the necessary vision components from various sources. That meant buying an image processor from one company, a camera from another and lens and light sources from yet others. The user then had to assemble the pieces, and in most instances he had to write

Vision systems for scientific and engineering applications

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Chadda, V.K.

2009-01-01

Human performance can get degraded due to boredom, distraction and fatigue in vision-related tasks such as measurement, counting etc. Vision based techniques are increasingly being employed in many scientific and engineering applications. Notable advances in this field are emerging from continuing improvements in the fields of sensors and related technologies, and advances in computer hardware and software. Automation utilizing vision-based systems can perform repetitive tasks faster and more accurately, with greater consistency over time than humans. Electronics and Instrumentation Services Division has developed vision-based systems for several applications to perform tasks such as precision alignment, biometric access control, measurement, counting etc. This paper describes in brief four such applications. (author)

Vision Screening

Science.gov (United States)

... an efficient and cost-effective method to identify children with visual impairment or eye conditions that are likely to lead ... main goal of vision screening is to identify children who have or are at ... visual impairment unless treated in early childhood. Other problems that ...

Embodied Visions

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Grodal, Torben Kragh

Embodied Visions presents a groundbreaking analysis of film through the lens of bioculturalism, revealing how human biology as well as human culture determine how films are made and experienced. Throughout the book the author uses the breakthroughs of modern brain science to explain general featu...

The Democratic Vision of Carl Schmitt

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Pedersen, Søren Hviid

2013-01-01

The main purpose of this paper is to justify two propositions. One, that Schmitt’s political vision is indeed democratic and second, that Schmitt’s democratic vision, plebiscitary or leadership democracy, is better adapted to our modern political condition and the challenges confronting modern...

Functional Vision Observation. Technical Assistance Paper.

Science.gov (United States)

Florida State Dept. of Education, Tallahassee. Bureau of Education for Exceptional Students.

Technical assistance is provided concerning documentation of functional vision loss for Florida students with visual impairments. The functional vision observation should obtain enough information for determination of special service eligibility. The observation is designed to supplement information on the medical eye examination, and is conducted…

Telerehabilitation for people with low vision.

Science.gov (United States)

Bittner, Ava K; Wykstra, Stephanie L; Yoshinaga, Patrick D; Li, Tianjing

2015-08-31

Low vision affects over 300 million people worldwide and can compromise both activities of daily living and quality of life. Rehabilitative training and vision assistive equipment (VAE) may help, but some visually impaired people have limited resources to attend in-person visits at rehabilitation clinics. These people may be able to overcome barriers to care through remote, Internet-based consultation (i.e., telerehabilitation). To compare the effects of telerehabilitation with face-to-face (e.g., in-office or inpatient) vision rehabilitation services for improving vision-related quality of life and reading speed in people with visual function loss due to any ocular condition. Secondary objectives are to evaluate compliance with scheduled rehabilitation sessions, abandonment rates for visual assistive equipment devices, and patient satisfaction ratings. We searched CENTRAL (which contains the Cochrane Eyes and Vision Group Trials Register) (2015 Issue 5), Ovid MEDLINE, Ovid MEDLINE In-Process and Other Non-Indexed Citations, Ovid MEDLINE Daily, Ovid OLDMEDLINE (January 1980 to June 2015), EMBASE (January 1980 to June 2015), PubMed (1980 to June 2015), ClinicalTrials.gov (www.clinicaltrials.gov) and the World Health Organization (WHO) International Clinical Trials Registry Platform (ICTRP) (www.who.int/ictrp/search/en). We did not use any language restriction or study design filter in the electronic searches; however, we restricted the searches from 1980 onwards because the Internet was not introduced to the public until 1982. We last searched the electronic databases on 15 June 2015. We planned to include randomized controlled trials (RCTs) or controlled clinical trials (CCTs) in which participants were diagnosed with low vision and were undergoing low vision rehabilitation using an Internet, web-based technology compared with an approach based on in-person consultations. Two authors independently screened titles and abstracts, and then full-text articles against

Rebalancing binocular vision in amblyopia.

Science.gov (United States)

Ding, Jian; Levi, Dennis M

2014-03-01

Humans with amblyopia have an asymmetry in binocular vision: neural signals from the amblyopic eye are suppressed in the cortex by the fellow eye. The purpose of this study was to develop new models and methods for rebalancing this asymmetric binocular vision by manipulating the contrast and luminance in the two eyes. We measured the perceived phase of a cyclopean sinewave by asking normal and amblyopic observers to indicate the apparent location (phase) of the dark trough in the horizontal cyclopean sine wave relative to a black horizontal reference line, and used the same stimuli to measure perceived contrast by matching the binocular combined contrast to a standard contrast presented to one eye. We varied both the relative contrast and luminance of the two eyes' inputs, in order to rebalance the asymmetric binocular vision. Amblyopic binocular vision becomes more and more asymmetric the higher the stimulus contrast or spatial frequency. Reanalysing our previous data, we found that, at a given spatial frequency, the binocular asymmetry could be described by a log-linear formula with two parameters, one for the maximum asymmetry and one for the rate at which the binocular system becomes asymmetric as the contrast increases. Our new data demonstrates that reducing the dominant eye's mean luminance reduces its suppression of the non-dominant eye, and therefore rebalances the asymmetric binocular vision. While the binocular asymmetry in amblyopic vision can be rebalanced by manipulating the relative contrast or luminance of the two eyes at a given spatial frequency and contrast, it is very difficult or even impossible to rebalance the asymmetry for all visual conditions. Nonetheless, wearing a neutral density filter before the dominant eye (or increasing the mean luminance in the non-dominant eye) may be more beneficial than the traditional method of patching the dominant eye for treating amblyopia. © 2014 The Authors Ophthalmic & Physiological Optics © 2014 The

Information Society Visions in the Nordic Countries

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Henten, Anders; Kristensen, Thomas Myrup

2000-01-01

This paper analyses the information society visions put forward by the governments/administrations of the Nordic countries and compares them to the visions advanced at the EU-level. The paper suggests that the information society visions constitute a kind of common ideology for almost the whole...... political spectrum although it is characterised by a high degree of neo-liberal thinking. It is further argued that there is no distinctly Nordic model for an information society....

Reproducibility of an objective four-choice canine vision testing technique that assesses vision at differing light intensities.

Science.gov (United States)

Annear, Matthew J; Gornik, Kara R; Venturi, Francesca L; Hauptman, Joe G; Bartoe, Joshua T; Petersen-Jones, Simon M

2013-09-01

The increasing importance of canine retinal dystrophy models means accurate vision testing is needed. This study was performed to evaluate a four-choice vision testing technique for any difference in outcome measures with repeated evaluations of the same dogs.   Four 11-month-old RPE65-deficient dogs. Vision was evaluated using a previously described four-choice vision testing device. Four evaluations were performed at 2-week intervals. Vision was assessed at six different white light intensities (bright through dim), and each eye was evaluated separately. The ability to select the one of the four exit tunnels that was open at the far end was assessed ('choice of exit') and recorded as correct or incorrect first tunnel choice. 'Time to exit' the device was also recorded. Both outcomes were analyzed for significance using anova. We hypothesized that performance would improve with repeated testing (more correct choices and more rapid time to exit). 'Choice of exit' did not vary significantly between each evaluation (P = 0.12), in contrast 'time to exit' increased significantly (P = 0.012), and showed greater variability in dim light conditions. We found no evidence to support the hypothesis that either measure of outcome worsened with repeated testing; in fact, the 'time to exit' outcome worsened rather than improved. The 'choice of exit' gave consistent results between trials. These outcome data indicate the importance of including a choice-based assessment of vision in addition to measurement of device transit time. © 2012 American College of Veterinary Ophthalmologists.

The secret world of shrimps: polarisation vision at its best.

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Sonja Kleinlogel

Full Text Available BACKGROUND: Animal vision spans a great range of complexity, with systems evolving to detect variations in light intensity, distribution, colour, and polarisation. Polarisation vision systems studied to date detect one to four channels of linear polarisation, combining them in opponent pairs to provide intensity-independent operation. Circular polarisation vision has never been seen, and is widely believed to play no part in animal vision. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: Polarisation is fully measured via Stokes' parameters--obtained by combined linear and circular polarisation measurements. Optimal polarisation vision is the ability to see Stokes' parameters: here we show that the crustacean Gonodactylus smithii measures the exact components required. CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE: This vision provides optimal contrast-enhancement and precise determination of polarisation with no confusion states or neutral points--significant advantages. Linear and circular polarisation each give partial information about the polarisation of light--but the combination of the two, as we will show here, results in optimal polarisation vision. We suggest that linear and circular polarisation vision not be regarded as different modalities, since both are necessary for optimal polarisation vision; their combination renders polarisation vision independent of strongly linearly or circularly polarised features in the animal's environment.

Fractured Visions

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Bonde, Inger Ellekilde

2016-01-01

In the post-war period a heterogeneous group of photographers articulate a new photographic approach to the city as motive in a photographic language that combines intense formalism with subjective vision. This paper analyses the photobook Fragments of a City published in 1960 by Danish photograp...

Artificial intelligence and computer vision

CERN Document Server

Li, Yujie

2017-01-01

This edited book presents essential findings in the research fields of artificial intelligence and computer vision, with a primary focus on new research ideas and results for mathematical problems involved in computer vision systems. The book provides an international forum for researchers to summarize the most recent developments and ideas in the field, with a special emphasis on the technical and observational results obtained in the past few years.

Pre-attentive and attentive vision module

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Nyamsuren, Enkhbold; Taatgen, Niels A.

This paper introduces a new vision module, called PAAV, developed for the cognitive architecture ACT-R. Unlike ACT-R's default vision module that was originally developed for top-down perception only, PAAV was designed to model a wide range of tasks, such as visual search and scene viewing, where

Visions of the Future of (Legal) Education

OpenAIRE

Madison, Michael

2017-01-01

One law professor takes a stab at imagining an ideal law school of the future and describing how to get there. The Essay spells out a specific possible vision, taking into account changes to the demand for legal services and changes to the economics and composition of the legal profession. That thought experiment leads to a series of observations about values and vision in legal education in general and about what it might take to move any vision forward.

Optics, illumination, and image sensing for machine vision II

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Svetkoff, D.J.

1987-01-01

These proceedings collect papers on the general subject of machine vision. Topics include illumination and viewing systems, x-ray imaging, automatic SMT inspection with x-ray vision, and 3-D sensing for machine vision

Teachers’ professional vision: exploring and clarifying the concept

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Tomáš Janík

2012-06-01

Full Text Available This theoretical study introduces the concept of professional vision into Czech academic discourse as one of the potential concepts that can be used when contemplating (teacher professionalization. At the beginning the authors mention selected attempts to define characteristics of a profession and introduce their view of the issue of teacher professionality that is built on three dimensions – professional vision, professional knowledge and professional action. They further suggest the relationships among these dimensions in the model of pedagogical reasoning and action (Shulman, 1986 and the ALACT model of reflection (Korthagen, 2011.Professional vision in general and specifically in the teaching profession is discussedand its existing conceptualizations are described. Based on other theoretical and empirical studies connected to this issue, the authors then suggest their own approach to teachers’ professional vision. The relationship between professional vision and reflection on the spiral of pedagogical reasoning and action is elaborated on. In the end,the usability of the concept of professional vision in teacher education is discussed, specifically in the process of development of an e-learning (videoenvironment for(prospective teachers.

Agrarian Visions.

Science.gov (United States)

Theobald, Paul

A new feature in "Country Teacher,""Agrarian Visions" reminds rural teachers that they can do something about rural decline. Like to populism of the 1890s, the "new populism" advocates rural living. Current attempts to address rural decline are contrary to agrarianism because: (1) telecommunications experts seek to…

Regional new energy vision for Aogaki town; Aogakicho chiiki shin energy vision

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2001-02-01

A regional new energy vision has been formulated as part of Phase 4 of the Town Development Program of Aogaki town, Hyogo Prefecture, calling for 'building a town, comfortable to live in and full of hope, by utilizing rich natural environments.' The results of activities conducted in this connection are summarized in five chapters, which are (1) the description of the new energy vision, (2) Aogaki-town's energy characteristics, (3) basic plan, (4) driving forward of prioritized plans, and (5) toward the driving forward of the new energy vision. Chapter (4) comprises the goal of the formulation of the prioritized plans, the definition of the prioritized plans, and the establishment of individual projects. Established as the individual projects are the introduction of new energy linked to the inhibition of carbon dioxide gas emissions, use of wind energy for multiple purposes, public facilities preceding others in the introduction of new energy, building of environmentally symbiotic residences utilizing new energy, utilization of new energy at recreation facilities, and the popularization of and enlightening about new energy and its introduction through the participation of the local population. (NEDO)

Computer vision based room interior design

Science.gov (United States)

Ahmad, Nasir; Hussain, Saddam; Ahmad, Kashif; Conci, Nicola

2015-12-01

This paper introduces a new application of computer vision. To the best of the author's knowledge, it is the first attempt to incorporate computer vision techniques into room interior designing. The computer vision based interior designing is achieved in two steps: object identification and color assignment. The image segmentation approach is used for the identification of the objects in the room and different color schemes are used for color assignment to these objects. The proposed approach is applied to simple as well as complex images from online sources. The proposed approach not only accelerated the process of interior designing but also made it very efficient by giving multiple alternatives.

Causes of vision impairment and assessment of need for low vision services for students of blind schools in Nepal.

Science.gov (United States)

Kansakar, I; Thapa, H B; Salma, K C; Ganguly, S; Kandel, R P; Rajasekaran, S

The present study is first of its kind to evaluate causes of visual impairment of blind students in Nepal and assess their need for low vision rehabilitation services. To evaluate causes of vision impairment of students enrolled in blind schools in Nepal and assess the need for low vision rehabilitation services in these students. A survey was conducted in 12 blind schools in Nepal, which were registered with Nepal Association for Welfare of Blindness (NAWB).It was conducted by a team of an ophthalmologist and an optometrist, by using standard eye examination protocols of the World Health Organization Prevention of Blindness Program (WHO/PBL). Of the 345 students enrolled in 12 schools, 285 students were examined (response rate of 82.61%). The students were in the 5 - 29 years age group. Nearly three-fourth of the children had become blind within one year of age and 52.3% visually impaired at birth and 20.7% developed vision impairment within one year of age. After refraction, 26 students (9.12%) had mild visual impairment, 21 students (7.37%) had severe visual impairment and 238 students (83.51%) were blind. The main cause of vision impairment was found to be corneal 35.79% and retina diseases, mainly dystrophy, 20.35% followed by problems with the whole globe, lens and optic nerve, accounting for 13.33%, 12.63% and 12.98% respectively. The major etiological factors were those of childhood such as Vitamin A deficiency, measles and similar causes (42.11%) followed by hereditary causes (25.26%). Of the total students examined, 48.07% were visually impaired due to preventable causes and 16.14% treatable aggregating to 64.21% of avoidable blindness. Fifty seven (28.22%) students could read smaller than 2 M print size after low vision assessment for near and 33(15.78%) students benefited with telescopic trial for distance low vision. In Nepal, renewed focus on providing best possible quality of life for visually impaired children by proper low vision assessment and eye

Cities and Climate - What Visions?

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Haentjens, Jean

2015-01-01

Given the difficulty of achieving a global agreement to cope with the challenges of climate change or even a national resilience programme, an increasing number of initiatives are coming up from the local level for preemptively implementing policies to adapt to climate change or combat it. There are several towns and cities across the world that have taken this line (Copenhagen, Totnes, Vaexjoe, Bristol, etc.) but, as Jean Haentjens shows here, an effective response to climate change requires the development of a genuine strategic vision capable of mobilizing all the actors concerned. For the moment, the towns and cities that have managed to come up with such a vision are few and far between. After a -largely historical- review of the importance of vision in changes of urban paradigm, Jean Haentjens stresses how much twenty-first century eco-urbanism broadens the range of possible solutions to the many issues facing our towns and cities today. But, though digital innovations in fact offer new opportunities at the local level, we should nonetheless be wary of 'technological solutionism': the new technologies are tools which towns and cities can use to their advantage, but to become really 'smart' they have to develop a vision. After presenting a series of established or emerging urban models (the frugal city, the creative city, the leisure city and the eco-metropolis), along with the values and imaginative conceptions that underpin them, this article shows - without being unaware of the potential obstacles - how a town or city can produce and renew its strategic vision to reinvent itself and meet the challenges of today

Family Functioning and Low Vision: A Systematic Review

Science.gov (United States)

Bambara, Jennifer K.; Wadley, Virginia; Owsley, Cynthia; Martin, Roy C.; Porter, Chebon; Dreer, Laura E.

2009-01-01

This review highlights the literature on the function and adjustment process of family members of persons with adult-onset vision loss. The majority of the literature has focused on the unique role that the family plays in providing both instrumental and emotional support to adults with low vision. In contrast, the impact of low vision on the…

Front-end vision and multi-scale image analysis multi-scale computer vision theory and applications, written in Mathematica

CERN Document Server

Romeny, Bart M Haar

2008-01-01

Front-End Vision and Multi-Scale Image Analysis is a tutorial in multi-scale methods for computer vision and image processing. It builds on the cross fertilization between human visual perception and multi-scale computer vision (`scale-space') theory and applications. The multi-scale strategies recognized in the first stages of the human visual system are carefully examined, and taken as inspiration for the many geometric methods discussed. All chapters are written in Mathematica, a spectacular high-level language for symbolic and numerical manipulations. The book presents a new and effective

Vision and the hypothalamus.

Science.gov (United States)

Trachtman, Joseph N

2010-02-01

For nearly 2 millennia, signs of hypothalamic-related vision disorders have been noticed as illustrated by paintings and drawings of that time of undiagnosed Horner's syndrome. It was not until the 1800s, however, that specific connections between the hypothalamus and the vision system were discovered. With a fuller elaboration of the autonomic nervous system in the early to mid 1900s, many more pathways were discovered. The more recently discovered retinohypothalamic tracts show the extent and influence of light stimulation on hypothalamic function and bodily processes. The hypothalamus maintains its myriad connections via neural pathways, such as with the pituitary and pineal glands; the chemical messengers of the peptides, cytokines, and neurotransmitters; and the nitric oxide mechanism. As a result of these connections, the hypothalamus has involvement in many degenerative diseases. A complete feedback mechanism between the eye and hypothalamus is established by the retinohypothalamic tracts and the ciliary nerves innervating the anterior pole of the eye and the retina. A discussion of hypothalamic-related vision disorders includes neurologic syndromes, the lacrimal system, the retina, and ocular inflammation. Tables and figures have been used to aid in the explanation of the many connections and chemicals controlled by the hypothalamus. The understanding of the functions of the hypothalamus will allow the clinician to gain better insight into the many pathologies associated between the vision system and the hypothalamus. In the future, it may be possible that some ocular disease treatments will be via direct action on hypothalamic function. Copyright 2010 American Optometric Association. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Challenges to micro-financing PLWHA clients in Rwanda : a study based on vision finance, a world vision mico-finance institution, Kigali Branch

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Muyinda, B.

2008-01-01

The study was conducted on Vision Finance a microfinance institution of World Vision in Rwanda. The major research question focussed on determining the factors that have contributed default on loans disbursed to PLWHA clients by Vision Finance. Results show that chronic illness and death disrupt

Coevolution of coloration and colour vision?

Science.gov (United States)

Lind, Olle; Henze, Miriam J; Kelber, Almut; Osorio, Daniel

2017-07-05

The evolutionary relationship between signals and animal senses has broad significance, with potential consequences for speciation, and for the efficacy and honesty of biological communication. Here we outline current understanding of the diversity of colour vision in two contrasting groups: the phylogenetically conservative birds, and the more variable butterflies. Evidence for coevolution of colour signals and vision exists in both groups, but is limited to observations of phenotypic differences between visual systems, which might be correlated with coloration. Here, to illustrate how one might interpret the evolutionary significance of such differences, we used colour vision modelling based on an avian eye to evaluate the effects of variation in three key characters: photoreceptor spectral sensitivity, oil droplet pigmentation and the proportions of different photoreceptor types. The models predict that physiologically realistic changes in any one character will have little effect, but complementary shifts in all three can substantially affect discriminability of three types of natural spectra. These observations about the adaptive landscape of colour vision may help to explain the general conservatism of photoreceptor spectral sensitivities in birds. This approach can be extended to other types of eye and spectra to inform future work on coevolution of coloration and colour vision.This article is part of the themed issue 'Animal coloration: production, perception, function and application'. © 2017 The Author(s).

Night vision: changing the way we drive

Science.gov (United States)

Klapper, Stuart H.; Kyle, Robert J. S.; Nicklin, Robert L.; Kormos, Alexander L.

2001-03-01

A revolutionary new Night Vision System has been designed to help drivers see well beyond their headlights. From luxury automobiles to heavy trucks, Night Vision is helping drivers see better, see further, and react sooner. This paper describes how Night Vision Systems are being used in transportation and their viability for the future. It describes recent improvements to the system currently in the second year of production. It also addresses consumer education and awareness, cost reduction, product reliability, market expansion and future improvements.

Vision servo of industrial robot: A review

Science.gov (United States)

Zhang, Yujin

2018-04-01

Robot technology has been implemented to various areas of production and life. With the continuous development of robot applications, requirements of the robot are also getting higher and higher. In order to get better perception of the robots, vision sensors have been widely used in industrial robots. In this paper, application directions of industrial robots are reviewed. The development, classification and application of robot vision servo technology are discussed, and the development prospect of industrial robot vision servo technology is proposed.

[Acquired disorders of color vision].

Science.gov (United States)

Lascu, Lidia; Balaş, Mihaela

2002-01-01

This article is a general view of acquired disorders of color vision. The revision of the best known methods and of the etiopathogenic classification is not very important in ophthalmology but on the other hand, the detection of the blue defect advertise and associated ocular pathology. There is a major interest in serious diseases as multiple sclerosis, AIDS, diabetes melitus, when the first ocular sign can be a defect in the color vision.

Predicting Visual Disability in Glaucoma With Combinations of Vision Measures.

Science.gov (United States)

Lin, Stephanie; Mihailovic, Aleksandra; West, Sheila K; Johnson, Chris A; Friedman, David S; Kong, Xiangrong; Ramulu, Pradeep Y

2018-04-01

We characterized vision in glaucoma using seven visual measures, with the goals of determining the dimensionality of vision, and how many and which visual measures best model activity limitation. We analyzed cross-sectional data from 150 older adults with glaucoma, collecting seven visual measures: integrated visual field (VF) sensitivity, visual acuity, contrast sensitivity (CS), area under the log CS function, color vision, stereoacuity, and visual acuity with noise. Principal component analysis was used to examine the dimensionality of vision. Multivariable regression models using one, two, or three vision tests (and nonvisual predictors) were compared to determine which was best associated with Rasch-analyzed Glaucoma Quality of Life-15 (GQL-15) person measure scores. The participants had a mean age of 70.2 and IVF sensitivity of 26.6 dB, suggesting mild-to-moderate glaucoma. All seven vision measures loaded similarly onto the first principal component (eigenvectors, 0.220-0.442), which explained 56.9% of the variance in vision scores. In models for GQL scores, the maximum adjusted- R 2 values obtained were 0.263, 0.296, and 0.301 when using one, two, and three vision tests in the models, respectively, though several models in each category had similar adjusted- R 2 values. All three of the best-performing models contained CS. Vision in glaucoma is a multidimensional construct that can be described by several variably-correlated vision measures. Measuring more than two vision tests does not substantially improve models for activity limitation. A sufficient description of disability in glaucoma can be obtained using one to two vision tests, especially VF and CS.

Mission statements and vision documents in medical practices.

Science.gov (United States)

Drury, Ivo; Slomski, Carol

2006-01-01

Thoughtful, carefully constructed mission statements and vision documents serve both to signal the purpose of a medical practice to the public and other professional colleagues, and to keep the practice's providers focused on its key purposes. Practice culture is the primary driver ofmission and vision. We clarify the differences between mission statements and vision documents, and offer guidelines to aid in constructing them.

Parallel inputs to memory in bee colour vision.

Science.gov (United States)

Horridge, Adrian

2016-03-01

In the 19(th) century, it was found that attraction of bees to light was controlled by light intensity irrespective of colour, and a few critical entomologists inferred that vision of bees foraging on flowers was unlike human colour vision. Therefore, quite justly, Professor Carl von Hess concluded in his book on the Comparative Physiology of Vision (1912) that bees do not distinguish colours in the way that humans enjoy. Immediately, Karl von Frisch, an assistant in the Zoology Department of the same University of Münich, set to work to show that indeed bees have colour vision like humans, thereby initiating a new research tradition, and setting off a decade of controversy that ended only at the death of Hess in 1923. Until 1939, several researchers continued the tradition of trying to untangle the mechanism of bee vision by repeatedly testing trained bees, but made little progress, partly because von Frisch and his legacy dominated the scene. The theory of trichromatic colour vision further developed after three types of receptors sensitive to green, blue, and ultraviolet (UV), were demonstrated in 1964 in the bee. Then, until the end of the century, all data was interpreted in terms of trichromatic colour space. Anomalies were nothing new, but eventually after 1996 they led to the discovery that bees have a previously unknown type of colour vision based on a monochromatic measure and distribution of blue and measures of modulation in green and blue receptor pathways. Meanwhile, in the 20(th) century, search for a suitable rationalization, and explorations of sterile culs-de-sac had filled the literature of bee colour vision, but were based on the wrong theory.

78 FR 62935 - Qualification of Drivers; Exemption Applications; Vision

Science.gov (United States)

2013-10-22

..., his optometrist noted, ``Mr. Smith, despite having a prosthetic left eye, has fully functional vision...-0166] Qualification of Drivers; Exemption Applications; Vision AGENCY: Federal Motor Carrier Safety... announces receipt of applications from 26 individuals for exemption from the vision requirement in the...

75 FR 1453 - Qualification of Drivers; Exemption Renewals; Vision

Science.gov (United States)

2010-01-11

...; Exemption Renewals; Vision AGENCY: Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration (FMCSA), DOT. ACTION: Notice... the vision requirement in the Federal Motor Carrier Safety Regulations for 23 individuals. FMCSA has statutory authority to exempt individuals from the vision requirement if the exemptions granted will not...

Hypnosis-associated blue-tinted vision: a case report

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Savedoff Aaron D

2005-12-01

Full Text Available Abstract Background Self-hypnosis has been taught routinely at the SUNY Upstate Medical University for treatment of pulmonary symptoms thought to be amenable to psychological therapy. While using hypnosis for relaxation, four individuals, including a patient with cystic fibrosis, reported development of blue-tinted vision. Based on a search of the literature, we believe this is the first published report of hypnosis-associated blue-tinted vision. Case presentation The patient reported blue-tinted vision when he used hypnosis on an almost daily basis for seven years. The visual change typically occurred when he was relaxed. Moreover, a concurrent erection in the absence of sexual thoughts usually was present. The other three individuals reported blue-tinted vision after learning how to use hypnosis for relaxation as part of a group hypnosis instruction. Conclusion The blue-tinted vision experienced by the individuals in this report may be the result of an hypnosis-induced primary change in cognitive processing. Additionally, as the relaxing effect of hypnosis can be associated with a reduction in blood pressure and increased blood flow, hypnosis-associated blue-tinted vision also may be related to retinal vasodilation.

Individual vision and peak distribution in collective actions

Science.gov (United States)

Lu, Peng

2017-06-01

People make decisions on whether they should participate as participants or not as free riders in collective actions with heterogeneous visions. Besides of the utility heterogeneity and cost heterogeneity, this work includes and investigates the effect of vision heterogeneity by constructing a decision model, i.e. the revised peak model of participants. In this model, potential participants make decisions under the joint influence of utility, cost, and vision heterogeneities. The outcomes of simulations indicate that vision heterogeneity reduces the values of peaks, and the relative variance of peaks is stable. Under normal distributions of vision heterogeneity and other factors, the peaks of participants are normally distributed as well. Therefore, it is necessary to predict distribution traits of peaks based on distribution traits of related factors such as vision heterogeneity and so on. We predict the distribution of peaks with parameters of both mean and standard deviation, which provides the confident intervals and robust predictions of peaks. Besides, we validate the peak model of via the Yuyuan Incident, a real case in China (2014), and the model works well in explaining the dynamics and predicting the peak of real case.

Vision Systems with the Human in the Loop

Science.gov (United States)

Bauckhage, Christian; Hanheide, Marc; Wrede, Sebastian; Käster, Thomas; Pfeiffer, Michael; Sagerer, Gerhard

2005-12-01

The emerging cognitive vision paradigm deals with vision systems that apply machine learning and automatic reasoning in order to learn from what they perceive. Cognitive vision systems can rate the relevance and consistency of newly acquired knowledge, they can adapt to their environment and thus will exhibit high robustness. This contribution presents vision systems that aim at flexibility and robustness. One is tailored for content-based image retrieval, the others are cognitive vision systems that constitute prototypes of visual active memories which evaluate, gather, and integrate contextual knowledge for visual analysis. All three systems are designed to interact with human users. After we will have discussed adaptive content-based image retrieval and object and action recognition in an office environment, the issue of assessing cognitive systems will be raised. Experiences from psychologically evaluated human-machine interactions will be reported and the promising potential of psychologically-based usability experiments will be stressed.

Specifying colours for colour vision testing using computer graphics.

Science.gov (United States)

Toufeeq, A

2004-10-01

This paper describes a novel test of colour vision using a standard personal computer, which is simple and reliable to perform. Twenty healthy individuals with normal colour vision and 10 healthy individuals with a red/green colour defect were tested binocularly at 13 selected points in the CIE (Commission International d'Eclairage, 1931) chromaticity triangle, representing the gamut of a computer monitor, where the x, y coordinates of the primary colour phosphors were known. The mean results from individuals with normal colour vision were compared to those with defective colour vision. Of the 13 points tested, five demonstrated consistently high sensitivity in detecting colour defects. The test may provide a convenient method for classifying colour vision abnormalities.

Perioperative Vision Loss in Cervical Spinal Surgery.

Science.gov (United States)

Gabel, Brandon C; Lam, Arthur; Chapman, Jens R; Oskouian, Rod J; Nassr, Ahmad; Currier, Bradford L; Sebastian, Arjun S; Arnold, Paul M; Hamilton, Steven R; Fehlings, Michael G; Mroz, Thomas E; Riew, K Daniel

2017-04-01

Retrospective multicenter case series. To assess the rate of perioperative vision loss following cervical spinal surgery. Medical records for 17 625 patients from 21 high-volume surgical centers from the AOSpine North America Clinical Research Network who received cervical spine surgery (levels from C2 to C7) between January 1, 2005, and December 31, 2011, inclusive, were reviewed to identify occurrences of vision loss following surgery. Of the 17 625 patients in the registry, there were 13 946 patients assessed for the complication of blindness. There were 9591 cases that involved only anterior surgical approaches; the remaining 4355 cases were posterior and/or circumferential fusions. There were no cases of blindness or vision loss in the postoperative period reported during the sampling period. Perioperative vision loss following cervical spinal surgery is exceedingly rare.

Dense range map reconstruction from a versatile robotic sensor system with an active trinocular vision and a passive binocular vision.

Science.gov (United States)

Kim, Min Young; Lee, Hyunkee; Cho, Hyungsuck

2008-04-10

One major research issue associated with 3D perception by robotic systems is the creation of efficient sensor systems that can generate dense range maps reliably. A visual sensor system for robotic applications is developed that is inherently equipped with two types of sensor, an active trinocular vision and a passive stereo vision. Unlike in conventional active vision systems that use a large number of images with variations of projected patterns for dense range map acquisition or from conventional passive vision systems that work well on specific environments with sufficient feature information, a cooperative bidirectional sensor fusion method for this visual sensor system enables us to acquire a reliable dense range map using active and passive information simultaneously. The fusion algorithms are composed of two parts, one in which the passive stereo vision helps active vision and the other in which the active trinocular vision helps the passive one. The first part matches the laser patterns in stereo laser images with the help of intensity images; the second part utilizes an information fusion technique using the dynamic programming method in which image regions between laser patterns are matched pixel-by-pixel with help of the fusion results obtained in the first part. To determine how the proposed sensor system and fusion algorithms can work in real applications, the sensor system is implemented on a robotic system, and the proposed algorithms are applied. A series of experimental tests is performed for a variety of configurations of robot and environments. The performance of the sensor system is discussed in detail.

Object recognition in images by human vision and computer vision

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Chen, Q.; Dijkstra, J.; Vries, de B.

2010-01-01

Object recognition plays a major role in human behaviour research in the built environment. Computer based object recognition techniques using images as input are challenging, but not an adequate representation of human vision. This paper reports on the differences in object shape recognition

Early Cognitive Vision as a Frontend for Cognitive Systems

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Krüger, Norbert; Pugeault, Nicolas; Baseski, Emre

We discuss the need of an elaborated in-between stage bridging early vision and cognitive vision which we call `Early Cognitive Vision' (ECV). This stage provides semantically rich, disambiguated and largely task independent scene representations which can be used in many contexts. In addition...

75 FR 60862 - Qualification of Drivers; Exemption Renewals; Vision

Science.gov (United States)

2010-10-01

...-2006-24015; FMCA- 2008-0106; FMCSA-2008-0174] Qualification of Drivers; Exemption Renewals; Vision.... SUMMARY: FMCSA previously announced its decision to renew the exemptions from the vision requirement in... exempt individuals from the vision requirement if the exemptions granted will not compromise safety. The...

78 FR 1919 - Qualification of Drivers; Exemption Applications; Vision

Science.gov (United States)

2013-01-09

...-0339] Qualification of Drivers; Exemption Applications; Vision AGENCY: Federal Motor Carrier Safety... announces receipt of applications from 14 individuals for exemption from the vision requirement in the Federal Motor Carrier Safety Regulations. They are unable to meet the vision requirement in one eye for...

Sciences et éthique | conférence d'Axel Kahn | 20 novembre

CERN Multimedia

2012-01-01

Mardi 20 novembre 2012 à 20h30 Globe de la science et de l'innovation Route de Meyrin, 1211 Genève En français Tout public - entrée libre Nombre de places limité - réservation indispensable Réservation au +41 22 767 76 76 Parce que « le savoir est pouvoir pour l'homme de se rendre comme maître et possesseur de la nature », nous sommes collectivement de plus en plus savant et de plus en plus puissant. Reste à ce que notre sagesse nous conduise à utiliser nos pouvoirs au profit des personnes, et non à leur détriment, en d'autres termes, à ce que le progrès scientifique constitue une chance et non une menace. Pour qu'il en soit ainsi, il importe de non seulement développer les sciences et les techniques mais aussi de leur assigner des objectifs au centre desquels résident l'...

Delusion and bi-ocular vision.

Science.gov (United States)

De Masi, Franco

2015-10-01

The delusional experience is the result of a grave disjunction in the psyche whose outcome is not readily predictable. Examination of the specific mode of disjunction may help us understand the nature and radical character of delusion. I will present the therapy of a psychotic patient who after many years of analysis and progresses in his life continues to show delusional episodes although limited and contained. In his case, the two visions, one delusional and the other real, remain distinct and differentiated from each other because they both possess the same perceptual character, that of reality. He has a bi-ocular vision of reality and not a binocular one because his vision lacks integration, as would necessarily be the case if the two visions could be compared with each other. The principle of non-contradiction ceases to apply in delusion. A corollary of the failure of the principle of non-contradiction is that, if a statement and its negation are both true, then any statement is true. Logicians call this consequence the principle of explosion. For this reason, the distinction between truth, reality, improbability, probability, possibility and impossibility is lost in the delusional system, thus triggering an omnipotent, explosive mechanism with a potentially infinite progression. The paper presents some thoughts for a possible analytic transformation of the delusional experience. Copyright © 2015 Institute of Psychoanalysis.

Comparing sports vision among three groups of soft tennis adolescent athletes: Normal vision, refractive errors with and without correction

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Shih-Tsun Chang

2015-01-01

Full Text Available Background: The effect of correcting static vision on sports vision is still not clear. Aim: To examine whether sports vision (depth perception [DP], dynamic visual acuity [DVA], eye movement [EM], peripheral vision [PV], and momentary vision [MV], were different among soft tennis adolescent athletes with normal vision (Group A, with refractive error and corrected with (Group B and without eyeglasses (Group C. Setting and Design: A cross-section study was conducted. Soft tennis athletes aged 10–13 who played softball tennis for 2–5 years, and who were without any ocular diseases and without visual training for the past 3 months were recruited. Materials and Methods: DPs were measured in an absolute deviation (mm between a moving rod and fixing rod (approaching at 25 mm/s, receding at 25 mm/s, approaching at 50 mm/s, receding at 50 mm/s using electric DP tester. A smaller deviation represented better DP. DVA, EM, PV, and MV were measured on a scale from 1 (worse to 10 (best using ATHLEVISION software. Statistical Analysis: Chi-square test and Kruskal–Wallis test was used to compare the data among the three study groups. Results: A total of 73 athletes (37 in Group A, 8 in Group B, 28 in Group C were enrolled in this study. All four items of DP showed significant difference among the three study groups (P = 0.0051, 0.0004, 0.0095, 0.0021. PV displayed significant difference among the three study groups (P = 0.0044. There was no significant difference in DVA, EM, and MV among the three study groups. Conclusions: Significant better DP and PV were seen among soft tennis adolescent athletes with normal vision than those with refractive error regardless whether they had eyeglasses corrected. On the other hand, DVA, EM, and MV were similar among the three study groups.

Computer vision and machine learning for archaeology

NARCIS (Netherlands)

van der Maaten, L.J.P.; Boon, P.; Lange, G.; Paijmans, J.J.; Postma, E.

2006-01-01

Until now, computer vision and machine learning techniques barely contributed to the archaeological domain. The use of these techniques can support archaeologists in their assessment and classification of archaeological finds. The paper illustrates the use of computer vision techniques for

Artificial vision support system (AVS(2)) for improved prosthetic vision.

Science.gov (United States)

Fink, Wolfgang; Tarbell, Mark A

2014-11-01

State-of-the-art and upcoming camera-driven, implanted artificial vision systems provide only tens to hundreds of electrodes, affording only limited visual perception for blind subjects. Therefore, real time image processing is crucial to enhance and optimize this limited perception. Since tens or hundreds of pixels/electrodes allow only for a very crude approximation of the typically megapixel optical resolution of the external camera image feed, the preservation and enhancement of contrast differences and transitions, such as edges, are especially important compared to picture details such as object texture. An Artificial Vision Support System (AVS(2)) is devised that displays the captured video stream in a pixelation conforming to the dimension of the epi-retinal implant electrode array. AVS(2), using efficient image processing modules, modifies the captured video stream in real time, enhancing 'present but hidden' objects to overcome inadequacies or extremes in the camera imagery. As a result, visual prosthesis carriers may now be able to discern such objects in their 'field-of-view', thus enabling mobility in environments that would otherwise be too hazardous to navigate. The image processing modules can be engaged repeatedly in a user-defined order, which is a unique capability. AVS(2) is directly applicable to any artificial vision system that is based on an imaging modality (video, infrared, sound, ultrasound, microwave, radar, etc.) as the first step in the stimulation/processing cascade, such as: retinal implants (i.e. epi-retinal, sub-retinal, suprachoroidal), optic nerve implants, cortical implants, electric tongue stimulators, or tactile stimulators.

Séroprévalence du virus de l'herpès humain-8 chez des patients VIH positif à l'hôpital général de Yaoundé – Cameroun

Science.gov (United States)

Jacky, Njiki Bikoï; Paul, Ndom; Lilian, Mupang; Sylvie, Agokeng Demanou

2015-01-01

L'épidémiologie de l'infection par le virus herpès humain de type 8 (HHV8) associée à celle à VIH, reste encore méconnue au Cameroun, bien que le pays soit considéré comme une zone endémique pour ces deux virus. L'objectif de ce travail était de ressortir le profil de la séroprévalence du HHV8 au sein de notre population d'étude. 57 personnes ont été recrutées à l'Hôpital Général de Yaoundé et suivies sur une durée 12 mois. Des anticorps IgG anti-HHV8 ont été déterminés par ELISA. Des paramètres autres, tels que l'âge, le sexe, le stade des maladies (SK et VIH/SIDA), le protocole ARV, ainsi que les taux de CD4 ont été utilisés pour déterminer les variables associées à la séropositivité au HHV8. Cette association a été évaluée par le test khi carré. La séroprévalence du HHV8 était de 90% dans notre population en début d'étude et de 74% douze mois plus tard, une séroprévalence qui restait élevée quelque soit le profil clinique, la tranche d'âge, le sexe ou le taux de CD4+ de l'individu. Aucune variable de l'étude n'était significativement associée à la séropositivité du HHV8. Le virus HHV8 semblait circuler au sein de notre population d'étude. Cependant l'on constate, douze mois plus tard, l'absence de manifestations cliniques du SK chez les patients VIH+ positifs, malgré des titres très élevés en IgG anti-HHV8. PMID:26090027

Ponction biopsies rénales dans le Service de Néphrologie de Fès: indications et résultats: à propos de 522 cas

Science.gov (United States)

Mbarki, Houda; Belghiti, Khadija Alaoui; Harmouch, Taoufiq; Najdi, Adil; Arrayhani, Mohamed; Sqalli, Tarik

2016-01-01

L'apport de la ponction biopsie rénale (PBR) dans le diagnostic, le choix thérapeutique et l’évaluation pronostique des néphropathies est considérable. Aucune étude marocaine n'a évalué la pratique et l'apport de la PBR. Notre objectif est d’étudier les indications de la PBR, déterminer la fréquence des maladies rénales identifiées par PBR dans notre région et de faire une confrontation entre les données clinico-biologiques et le diagnostic historique. Notre étude menée entre Janvier 2009 et Décembre 2012, est rétrospective. Nous avons inclus tous les patients du service de Néphrologie du CHU Hassan II de Fès ayant bénéficié d'une biopsie de reins natifs. 522 PBR ont été réalisées. Nous avons exclu 8 biopsies devant le manque de renseignements et avons donc retenu 514. L’âge moyen des patients au moment de la PBR est de 39 ±17 ans (3-82 ans). Le sex ratio est de 0,9. Le syndrome néphrotique est le diagnostic clinique le plus fréquent à tous les âges (58,2%). Les néphropathies glomérulaires représentent 94,2% des maladies rénales diagnostiquées, leur distribution varie selon l’âge des patients. La PBR a confirmé le premier diagnostic suspecté cliniquement dans 40,65% des cas, alors qu'elle a révélé un diagnostic inattendu chez 22,5% d'entre eux. Le diagnostic syndromique permet d'orienter vers la maladie rénale la plus probable et de guider les thérapeutiques urgentes en attendant les résultats de la PBR. Mais il ne peut en aucun remplacer la PBR qui reste le gold standard. PMID:27583085

Low Vision Enhancement System

Science.gov (United States)

1995-01-01

NASA's Technology Transfer Office at Stennis Space Center worked with the Johns Hopkins Wilmer Eye Institute in Baltimore, Md., to incorporate NASA software originally developed by NASA to process satellite images into the Low Vision Enhancement System (LVES). The LVES, referred to as 'ELVIS' by its users, is a portable image processing system that could make it possible to improve a person's vision by enhancing and altering images to compensate for impaired eyesight. The system consists of two orientation cameras, a zoom camera, and a video projection system. The headset and hand-held control weigh about two pounds each. Pictured is Jacob Webb, the first Mississippian to use the LVES.

Robotics, vision and control fundamental algorithms in Matlab

CERN Document Server

Corke, Peter

2017-01-01

Robotic vision, the combination of robotics and computer vision, involves the application of computer algorithms to data acquired from sensors. The research community has developed a large body of such algorithms but for a newcomer to the field this can be quite daunting. For over 20 years the author has maintained two open-source MATLAB® Toolboxes, one for robotics and one for vision. They provide implementations of many important algorithms and allow users to work with real problems, not just trivial examples. This book makes the fundamental algorithms of robotics, vision and control accessible to all. It weaves together theory, algorithms and examples in a narrative that covers robotics and computer vision separately and together. Using the latest versions of the Toolboxes the author shows how complex problems can be decomposed and solved using just a few simple lines of code. The topics covered are guided by real problems observed by the author over many years as a practitioner of both robotics and compu...

Computer Vision and Image Processing: A Paper Review

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

victor - wiley

2018-02-01

Full Text Available Computer vision has been studied from many persective. It expands from raw data recording into techniques and ideas combining digital image processing, pattern recognition, machine learning and computer graphics. The wide usage has attracted many scholars to integrate with many disciplines and fields. This paper provide a survey of the recent technologies and theoretical concept explaining the development of computer vision especially related to image processing using different areas of their field application. Computer vision helps scholars to analyze images and video to obtain necessary information,    understand information on events or descriptions, and scenic pattern. It used method of multi-range application domain with massive data analysis. This paper provides contribution of recent development on reviews related to computer vision, image processing, and their related studies. We categorized the computer vision mainstream into four group e.g., image processing, object recognition, and machine learning. We also provide brief explanation on the up-to-date information about the techniques and their performance.

Vision Based Autonomous Robot Navigation Algorithms and Implementations

CERN Document Server

Chatterjee, Amitava; Nirmal Singh, N

2013-01-01

This book is devoted to the theory and development of autonomous navigation of mobile robots using computer vision based sensing mechanism. The conventional robot navigation systems, utilizing traditional sensors like ultrasonic, IR, GPS, laser sensors etc., suffer several drawbacks related to either the physical limitations of the sensor or incur high cost. Vision sensing has emerged as a popular alternative where cameras can be used to reduce the overall cost, maintaining high degree of intelligence, flexibility and robustness. This book includes a detailed description of several new approaches for real life vision based autonomous navigation algorithms and SLAM. It presents the concept of how subgoal based goal-driven navigation can be carried out using vision sensing. The development concept of vision based robots for path/line tracking using fuzzy logic is presented, as well as how a low-cost robot can be indigenously developed in the laboratory with microcontroller based sensor systems. The book descri...

Vision Systems with the Human in the Loop

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Bauckhage Christian

2005-01-01

Full Text Available The emerging cognitive vision paradigm deals with vision systems that apply machine learning and automatic reasoning in order to learn from what they perceive. Cognitive vision systems can rate the relevance and consistency of newly acquired knowledge, they can adapt to their environment and thus will exhibit high robustness. This contribution presents vision systems that aim at flexibility and robustness. One is tailored for content-based image retrieval, the others are cognitive vision systems that constitute prototypes of visual active memories which evaluate, gather, and integrate contextual knowledge for visual analysis. All three systems are designed to interact with human users. After we will have discussed adaptive content-based image retrieval and object and action recognition in an office environment, the issue of assessing cognitive systems will be raised. Experiences from psychologically evaluated human-machine interactions will be reported and the promising potential of psychologically-based usability experiments will be stressed.

Reading by Children with Low Vision

Science.gov (United States)

Gompel, Marjolein; van Bon, Wim H. J.; Schreuder, Robert

2004-01-01

This study of the reading of text found that despite their lower reading speed on a reading-comprehension task, the children with low vision comprehended texts at least as well as did the sighted children. Children with low vision need more time to read and comprehend a text, but they seem to use this time with enough efficiency to process the…

International Conference on Computational Vision and Robotics

CERN Document Server

2015-01-01

Computer Vision and Robotic is one of the most challenging areas of 21st century. Its application ranges from Agriculture to Medicine, Household applications to Humanoid, Deep-sea-application to Space application, and Industry applications to Man-less-plant. Today’s technologies demand to produce intelligent machine, which are enabling applications in various domains and services. Robotics is one such area which encompasses number of technology in it and its application is widespread. Computational vision or Machine vision is one of the most challenging tools for the robot to make it intelligent.   This volume covers chapters from various areas of Computational Vision such as Image and Video Coding and Analysis, Image Watermarking, Noise Reduction and Cancellation, Block Matching and Motion Estimation, Tracking of Deformable Object using Steerable Pyramid Wavelet Transformation, Medical Image Fusion, CT and MRI Image Fusion based on Stationary Wavelet Transform. The book also covers articles from applicati...

Vision and the Nobel Prize.

Science.gov (United States)

Morais, Fábio Barreto

2018-04-01

The Nobel Prize is the world's foremost honor for scientific advances in medicine and other areas. Founded by Alfred Nobel, the prizes have been awarded annually since 1901. We reviewed the literature on persons who have won or competed for this prize in subjects related to vision and ophthalmology. The topics were divided into vision physiology, diagnostic and therapeutic methods, disease mechanism, and miscellaneous categories. Allvar Gullstrand is the only ophthalmologist to win a Nobel Prize; he is also the only one to receive it for work in ophthalmology. Other ophthalmologists that have been nominated were Hjalmar Schiötz (tonometer), Karl Koller (topical anesthesia), and Jules Gonin (retinal detachment). Other scientists have won the prize for eye-related research: Ragnar Granit, Haldan Hartline and George Wald (chemistry and physiology of vision), and David Hubel and Torsten Wiesel (processing in the visual system). Peter Medawar is the only person born in Brazil to have won the Nobel Prize.

Quantum vision in three dimensions

Science.gov (United States)

Roth, Yehuda

We present four models for describing a 3-D vision. Similar to the mirror scenario, our models allow 3-D vision with no need for additional accessories such as stereoscopic glasses or a hologram film. These four models are based on brain interpretation rather than pure objective encryption. We consider the observer "subjective" selection of a measuring device and the corresponding quantum collapse into one of his selected states, as a tool for interpreting reality in according to the observer concepts. This is the basic concept of our study and it is introduced in the first model. Other models suggests "soften" versions that might be much easier to implement. Our quantum interpretation approach contribute to the following fields. In technology the proposed models can be implemented into real devices, allowing 3-D vision without additional accessories. Artificial intelligence: In the desire to create a machine that exchange information by using human terminologies, our interpretation approach seems to be appropriate.

Riemannian computing in computer vision

CERN Document Server

Srivastava, Anuj

2016-01-01

This book presents a comprehensive treatise on Riemannian geometric computations and related statistical inferences in several computer vision problems. This edited volume includes chapter contributions from leading figures in the field of computer vision who are applying Riemannian geometric approaches in problems such as face recognition, activity recognition, object detection, biomedical image analysis, and structure-from-motion. Some of the mathematical entities that necessitate a geometric analysis include rotation matrices (e.g. in modeling camera motion), stick figures (e.g. for activity recognition), subspace comparisons (e.g. in face recognition), symmetric positive-definite matrices (e.g. in diffusion tensor imaging), and function-spaces (e.g. in studying shapes of closed contours).   ·         Illustrates Riemannian computing theory on applications in computer vision, machine learning, and robotics ·         Emphasis on algorithmic advances that will allow re-application in other...

Vision impairment and corrective considerations of civil airmen.

Science.gov (United States)

Nakagawara, V B; Wood, K J; Montgomery, R W

1995-08-01

Civil aviation is a major commercial and technological industry in the United States. The Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) is responsible for the regulation and promotion of aviation safety in the National Airspace System. To guide FAA policy changes and educational programs for aviation personnel about vision impairment and the use of corrective ophthalmic devices, the demographics of the civil airman population were reviewed. Demographic data from 1971-1991 were extracted from FAA publications and databases. Approximately 48 percent of the civil airman population is equal to or older than 40 years of age (average age = 39.8 years). Many of these aviators are becoming presbyopic and will need corrective devices for near and intermediate vision. In fact, there has been approximately a 12 percent increase in the number of aviators with near vision restrictions during the past decade. Ophthalmic considerations for prescribing and dispensing eyewear for civil aviators are discussed. The correction of near and intermediate vision conditions for older pilots will be a major challenge for eye care practitioners in the next decade. Knowledge of the unique vision and environmental requirements of the civilian airman can assist clinicians in suggesting alternative vision corrective devices better suited for a particular aviation activity.

Computer Vision Syndrome.

Science.gov (United States)

Randolph, Susan A

2017-07-01

With the increased use of electronic devices with visual displays, computer vision syndrome is becoming a major public health issue. Improving the visual status of workers using computers results in greater productivity in the workplace and improved visual comfort.

Artificial Vision, New Visual Modalities and Neuroadaptation

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Hilmi Or

2012-01-01

Full Text Available To study the descriptions from which artificial vision derives, to explore the new visual modalities resulting from eye surgeries and diseases, and to gain awareness of the use of machine vision systems for both enhancement of visual perception and better understanding of neuroadaptation. Science could not define until today what vision is. However, some optical-based systems and definitions have been established considering some factors for the formation of seeing. The best known system includes Gabor filter and Gabor patch which work on edge perception, describing the visual perception in the best known way. These systems are used today in industry and technology of machines, robots and computers to provide their "seeing". These definitions are used beyond the machinery in humans for neuroadaptation in new visual modalities after some eye surgeries or to improve the quality of some already known visual modalities. Beside this, “the blindsight” -which was not known to exist until 35 years ago - can be stimulated with visual exercises. Gabor system is a description of visual perception definable in machine vision as well as in human visual perception. This system is used today in robotic vision. There are new visual modalities which arise after some eye surgeries or with the use of some visual optical devices. Also, blindsight is a different visual modality starting to be defined even though the exact etiology is not known. In all the new visual modalities, new vision stimulating therapies using the Gabor systems can be applied. (Turk J Oph thal mol 2012; 42: 61-5

Thresholds and noise limitations of colour vision in dim light.

Science.gov (United States)

Kelber, Almut; Yovanovich, Carola; Olsson, Peter

2017-04-05

Colour discrimination is based on opponent photoreceptor interactions, and limited by receptor noise. In dim light, photon shot noise impairs colour vision, and in vertebrates, the absolute threshold of colour vision is set by dark noise in cones. Nocturnal insects (e.g. moths and nocturnal bees) and vertebrates lacking rods (geckos) have adaptations to reduce receptor noise and use chromatic vision even in very dim light. In contrast, vertebrates with duplex retinae use colour-blind rod vision when noisy cone signals become unreliable, and their transition from cone- to rod-based vision is marked by the Purkinje shift. Rod-cone interactions have not been shown to improve colour vision in dim light, but may contribute to colour vision in mesopic light intensities. Frogs and toads that have two types of rods use opponent signals from these rods to control phototaxis even at their visual threshold. However, for tasks such as prey or mate choice, their colour discrimination abilities fail at brighter light intensities, similar to other vertebrates, probably limited by the dark noise in cones.This article is part of the themed issue 'Vision in dim light'. © 2017 The Author(s).

A vision for modernizing environmental risk assessment

Science.gov (United States)

In 2007, the US National Research Council (NRC) published a Vision and Strategy for [human health] Toxicity Testing in the 21st century. Central to the vision was increased reliance on high throughput in vitro testing and predictive approaches based on mechanistic understanding o...

New energy vision in Mobara City area (Chiba Prefecture); Mobarashi chiiki shin energy vision

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2001-02-01

With the saying {sup M}obara, you find good when you live in it' as the target, the 'new energy vision for Mobara City area' was established. The vision is intended to utilize natural gas existing around the city, and utilize energy saving and new energy technologies. Specifically, the vision was established by a discussion committee composed of people of experience and academic standing, related business entities, and organizations, who took into consideration the natural environment, status of energy existence, and economic activities. The activity achievements were put into order by the following seven items: 1) the situation surrounding new energies, 2) district characteristics and viewpoints of introducing new energies, 3) energy demand, 4) existence quantity of new energies, 5) actual status of new energy introduction, and result of hearing investigations, 6) directionality and conception of introducing new energies, and 7) specific project objectives related to new energy introduction. Five projects were set up, including introduction of natural gas fueled automobiles, natural gas utilizing cogeneration and fuel cells, and effective utilization of wastes and bio-mass. (NEDO)

Synthetic vision and memory for autonomous virtual humans

OpenAIRE

PETERS, CHRISTOPHER; O'SULLIVAN, CAROL ANN

2002-01-01

PUBLISHED A memory model based on ?stage theory?, an influential concept of memory from the field of cognitive psychology, is presented for application to autonomous virtual humans. The virtual human senses external stimuli through a synthetic vision system. The vision system incorporates multiple modes of vision in order to accommodate a perceptual attention approach. The memory model is used to store perceived and attended object information at different stages in a filtering...

Acute Reversal of Vision Metamorphopsia: Report of Two Cases

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Francisco de Assis Aquino Gondim

2014-12-01

Full Text Available Purpose: Acute reversal of vision metamorphopsia (RVM is a rare, paroxysmal, sudden and transient vertical inversion of vision, also known as floor-on-the-ceiling phenomenon. Its pathogenesis is uncertain, but it may due to transient impairment of vestibular projections to the parietal lobes. Case description: Here we present a case of a 60 year-old man with a right paramedian pontine stroke developed episodes of upside-down reversal of vision during transition from awake to sleep time (hypnagogic acute reversal of vision metamorphopsia that subsided after treatment with gabapentin.

Artificial vision in nuclear fuel fabrication

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Dorado, P.

2007-01-01

The development of artificial vision techniques opens a door to the optimization of industrial processes which the nuclear industry cannot miss out on. Backing these techniques represents a revolution in security and reliability in the manufacturing of a highly technological products as in nuclear fuel. Enusa Industrias Avanzadas S. A. has successfully developed and implemented the first automatic inspection equipment for pellets by artificial vision in the European nuclear industry which is nowadays qualified and is already developing the second generation of this machine. There are many possible applications for the techniques of artificial vision in the fuel manufacturing processes. Among the practices developed by Enusa Industrias Avanzadas are, besides the pellets inspection, the rod sealing drills detection and positioning in the BWR products and the sealing drills inspection in the PWR fuel. The use of artificial vision in the arduous and precise processes of full inspection will allow the absence of human error, the increase of control in the mentioned procedures, the reduction of doses received by the personnel, a higher reliability of the whole of the operations and an improvement in manufacturing costs. (Author)

Stereo vision with distance and gradient recognition

Science.gov (United States)

Kim, Soo-Hyun; Kang, Suk-Bum; Yang, Tae-Kyu

2007-12-01

Robot vision technology is needed for the stable walking, object recognition and the movement to the target spot. By some sensors which use infrared rays and ultrasonic, robot can overcome the urgent state or dangerous time. But stereo vision of three dimensional space would make robot have powerful artificial intelligence. In this paper we consider about the stereo vision for stable and correct movement of a biped robot. When a robot confront with an inclination plane or steps, particular algorithms are needed to go on without failure. This study developed the recognition algorithm of distance and gradient of environment by stereo matching process.

Advances in embedded computer vision

CERN Document Server

Kisacanin, Branislav

2014-01-01

This illuminating collection offers a fresh look at the very latest advances in the field of embedded computer vision. Emerging areas covered by this comprehensive text/reference include the embedded realization of 3D vision technologies for a variety of applications, such as stereo cameras on mobile devices. Recent trends towards the development of small unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) with embedded image and video processing algorithms are also examined. The authoritative insights range from historical perspectives to future developments, reviewing embedded implementation, tools, technolog

Correction for near vision in pseudophakic patients

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Dujić Mirjana

2004-01-01

Full Text Available Objective of the study was to show the mean values of correction for near vision and to discuss the presbyopic correction in pseudophakic patients. Setting was the Eye department where authors work. Inclusion criteria for 55 patients were native or corrected distant vision of 0.8-1.0 on Snellen's chart; 0,6 on Jagger's chart for near vision; round pupil and good position of the implant. Biometry of the anterior chamber depth with Alcon biophysics during distant and near vision was performed in our study. „Hi square" test was carried out and it was concluded that patients younger than 59 years (41 eyes had median correction of +2.0 dsph, while patients older than 60 years (36 eyes had correction of+3.0 dsph, but it was not statistically significant. There was no statistically significant difference of the correction between pseudophakic (41 and phakic (19 eyes in patients younger than 59 years. The anterior movement of the IOL was 0.18 mm in the younger group and 0.15 mm in the older group. With good IOL movement and new materials which could have changeable refractive power, the problem of pseudophakic correction for near vision might be solved.

Remote-controlled vision-guided mobile robot system

Science.gov (United States)

Ande, Raymond; Samu, Tayib; Hall, Ernest L.

1997-09-01

Automated guided vehicles (AGVs) have many potential applications in manufacturing, medicine, space and defense. The purpose of this paper is to describe exploratory research on the design of the remote controlled emergency stop and vision systems for an autonomous mobile robot. The remote control provides human supervision and emergency stop capabilities for the autonomous vehicle. The vision guidance provides automatic operation. A mobile robot test-bed has been constructed using a golf cart base. The mobile robot (Bearcat) was built for the Association for Unmanned Vehicle Systems (AUVS) 1997 competition. The mobile robot has full speed control with guidance provided by a vision system and an obstacle avoidance system using ultrasonic sensors systems. Vision guidance is accomplished using two CCD cameras with zoom lenses. The vision data is processed by a high speed tracking device, communicating with the computer the X, Y coordinates of blobs along the lane markers. The system also has three emergency stop switches and a remote controlled emergency stop switch that can disable the traction motor and set the brake. Testing of these systems has been done in the lab as well as on an outside test track with positive results that show that at five mph the vehicle can follow a line and at the same time avoid obstacles.

Control system for solar tracking based on artificial vision; Sistema de control para seguimiento solar basado en vision artificial

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Pacheco Ramirez, Jesus Horacio; Anaya Perez, Maria Elena; Benitez Baltazar, Victor Hugo [Universidad de onora, Hermosillo, Sonora (Mexico)]. E-mail: jpacheco@industrial.uson.mx; meanaya@industrial.uson.mx; vbenitez@industrial.uson.mx

2010-11-15

This work shows how artificial vision feedback can be applied to control systems. The control is applied to a solar panel in order to track the sun position. The algorithms to calculate the position of the sun and the image processing are developed in LabView. The responses obtained from the control show that it is possible to use vision for a control scheme in closed loop. [Spanish] El presente trabajo muestra la manera en la cual un sistema de control puede ser retroalimentado mediante vision artificial. El control es aplicado en un panel solar para realizar el seguimiento del sol a lo largo del dia. Los algoritmos para calcular la posicion del sol y para el tratamiento de la imagen fueron desarrollados en LabView. Las respuestas obtenidas del control muestran que es posible utilizar vision para un esquema de control en lazo cerrado.

The significance of end-of-life dreams and visions.

Science.gov (United States)

Grant, Pei; Wright, Scott; Depner, Rachel; Luczkiewicz, Debra

End-of-life dreams and visions (ELDVs) have been well documented through history and across cultures. They appear to affect both dying people and their families deeply, and may be a source of profound meaning and comfort. The aims of the study were to; document hospice patients' ELDV experiences over time using a daily survey, examine the content and subjective significance of ELDVs, and relate the prevalence, content and significance of end-of-life experiences over time until death. Patients (n = 66) in a hospice inpatient unit, between January 2011 and July 2012, were interviewed daily. The interview contained closed questions about the content, frequency and level of comfort or distress of dreams and visions. Most participants reported at least one dream or vision and almost half of the dreams and visions occurred during sleep. Nearly all patients reported that their experience felt real. The most common content featured deceased friends and relatives, followed by living friends and relatives. As participants approached death, comforting dreams and visions of the deceased became more prevalent. End-of-life dreams and visions are commonly experienced during dying. These dreams and visions may be a profound source of potential meaning and comfort to the dying.

The Effect of Targeted Advertisement in the Media and on the Internet on High school Students' Lifestyle Choices (Part II

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Cosmin SIMA

2014-11-01

Full Text Available Si l’éducation joue un rôle fondamental pour la compréhension de la façon dont la télévision, les revues et la publicité influencent notre perception sur le «corps parfait» et sur la manière d’être sexy, il l'est encore plus à comprendre comment les médias peuvent influencer quoi penser et comment réfléchir à ces questions.

Effectiveness of Assistive Technologies for Low Vision Rehabilitation: A Systematic Review

Science.gov (United States)

Jutai, Jeffrey W.; Strong, J. Graham; Russell-Minda, Elizabeth

2009-01-01

"Low vision" describes any condition of diminished vision that is uncorrectable by standard eyeglasses, contact lenses, medication, or surgery that disrupts a person's ability to perform common age-appropriate visual tasks. Examples of assistive technologies for vision rehabilitation include handheld magnifiers; electronic vision-enhancement…

Investigating Teachers' Personal Visions and Beliefs: Implications ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

Investigating Teachers' Personal Visions and Beliefs: Implications for Quality in Language Teacher Education. ... attitude, focus and performance. The growing influence of constructivism in teacher education and the increase in the amount of research into teacher cognition has put the notion of beliefs and vision into central ...

Realisering af Vision 2020

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Bertelsen, Niels Haldor; Hansen, Ernst Jan de Place

Repræsentanter for byggesektoren har på 11 dialogmøder drøftet Erhvervs- og Byggestyrelsens "Vision 2020 - Byggeri med mening". Drøftelserne førte til formulering af en lang række initiativforslag til realisering af visionen. Den mest centrale udfordring bliver at reducere fejl og mangler i...... byggeriet. Branchen lægger også vægt på, at styringen af Vision 2020s reaisering sker i byggesektoren. Initiativforslagene er i rapporten samlet under 3 hovedområder. Det første hovedområde lægger vægt på bygningerne, brugerbehov og det globale samfund. Det andet omhandler processen og leverancesystemet...

Evolution of Vision

Science.gov (United States)

Ostrovsky, Mikhail

The evolution of photoreception, giving rise to eye, offers a kaleidoscopic view on selection acting at both the organ and molecular levels. The molecular level is mainly considered in the lecture. The greatest progress to date has been made in relation to the opsin visual pigments. Opsins appeared before eyes did. Two- and three-dimensional organization for rhodopsin in the rod outer segment disk membrane, as well as molecular mechanisms of visual pigments spectral tuning, photoisomerization and also opsin as a G-protein coupled receptor are considered. Molecular mechanisms of visual pigments spectral tuning, namely switching of chromophore (physiological time scale) and amino acid changes in the chromophore site of opsin (evolutionary time scale) is considered in the lecture. Photoisomerization of rhodopsin chromophore, 11-cis retinal is the only photochemical reaction in vision. The reaction is extemely fast (less that 200 fs) and high efficient (. is 0.65). The rhodopsin photolysis and kinetics of the earlier products appearance, photo- and bathorhodopsin, is considered. It is known that light is not only a carrier of information, but also a risk factor of damage to the eye. This photobiological paradox of vision is mainly due to the nature of rhodopsin chromophore. Photooxidation is the base of the paradox. All factors present in the phototrceptor cells to initiate free-radical photooxidation: photosensitizers, oxygen and substrates of oxidation: lipids and proteins (opsin). That is why photoprotective system of the eye structures appeared in the course of evolution. Three lines of protective system to prevent light damage to the retina and retina pigment epithelium is known: permanent renewal of rod and cone outer segment, powerful antioxidant system and optical media as cut-off filters where the lens is a key component. The molecular mechanisms of light damage to the eye and photoprotective system of the eye is considered in the lecture. The molecular

Vision eller verklighet?

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Andersson, Jonas E

2012-01-01

and drawing analysis. This study suggests that there is a gap between reality and visions. Despite research-based guidelines, the architecture of contemporary residential care homes relies on universal qualities that are associated with the home environment rather than with the particular conditions...

A digital retina-like low-level vision processor.

Science.gov (United States)

Mertoguno, S; Bourbakis, N G

2003-01-01

This correspondence presents the basic design and the simulation of a low level multilayer vision processor that emulates to some degree the functional behavior of a human retina. This retina-like multilayer processor is the lower part of an autonomous self-organized vision system, called Kydon, that could be used on visually impaired people with a damaged visual cerebral cortex. The Kydon vision system, however, is not presented in this paper. The retina-like processor consists of four major layers, where each of them is an array processor based on hexagonal, autonomous processing elements that perform a certain set of low level vision tasks, such as smoothing and light adaptation, edge detection, segmentation, line recognition and region-graph generation. At each layer, the array processor is a 2D array of k/spl times/m hexagonal identical autonomous cells that simultaneously execute certain low level vision tasks. Thus, the hardware design and the simulation at the transistor level of the processing elements (PEs) of the retina-like processor and its simulated functionality with illustrative examples are provided in this paper.

Visual memory for objects following foveal vision loss.

Science.gov (United States)

Geringswald, Franziska; Herbik, Anne; Hofmüller, Wolfram; Hoffmann, Michael B; Pollmann, Stefan

2015-09-01

Allocation of visual attention is crucial for encoding items into visual long-term memory. In free vision, attention is closely linked to the center of gaze, raising the question whether foveal vision loss entails suboptimal deployment of attention and subsequent impairment of object encoding. To investigate this question, we examined visual long-term memory for objects in patients suffering from foveal vision loss due to age-related macular degeneration. We measured patients' change detection sensitivity after a period of free scene exploration monocularly with their worse eye when possible, and under binocular vision, comparing sensitivity and eye movements to matched normal-sighted controls. A highly salient cue was used to capture attention to a nontarget location before a target change occurred in half of the trials, ensuring that change detection relied on memory. Patients' monocular and binocular sensitivity to object change was comparable to controls, even after more than 4 intervening fixations, and not significantly correlated with visual impairment. We conclude that extrafoveal vision suffices for efficient encoding into visual long-term memory. (c) 2015 APA, all rights reserved).

Causes of visual impairment in children with low vision.

Science.gov (United States)

Shah, Mufarriq; Khan, Mirzaman; Khan, Muhammad Tariq; Khan, Mohammad Younas; Saeed, Nasir

2011-02-01

To determine the main causes of visual impairment in children with low vision. To assess the need of spectacles and low vision devices (LVDs) in children and to evaluate visual outcome after using their LVDs for far and near distance. Observational study. Khyber Institute of Ophthalmic Medical Sciences, Peshawar, Pakistan, from June 2006 to December 2007. The clinical record of 270 children with low vision age 4-16 years attending the Low Vision Clinic were included. All those children, aged 4-16 years, who had corrected visual acuity (VA) less than 6/18 in the better eye after medical or surgical treatment, were included in the study. WHO low vision criteria were used to classify into visually impaired, severe visually impaired and blind. Results were described as percentage frequencies. One hundred and eighty nine (70%) were males and 81 (30%) were females. The male to female ratio was 2.3:1. The main causes of visual impairment included nystagmus (15%), Stargardt's disease (14%), maculopathies (13%), myopic macular degeneration (11%) and oculocutaneous albinism (7%). The percentages of visually impaired, severe visually impaired and blind were 33.8%, 27.2% and 39.0% respectively. Spectacles were prescribed to 146 patients and telescopes were prescribed to 75 patients. Spectacles and telescope both were prescribed to 179 patients while Ocutech telescope was prescribed to 4 patients. Retinal diseases nystagmus and macular conditions were mainly responsible for low vision in children. Visually impaired children especially with hereditary/congenital ocular anomalies benefit from refraction and low vision services which facilitate vision enhancement and inclusive education.

Vision: A Conceptual Framework for School Counselors

Science.gov (United States)

Watkinson, Jennifer Scaturo

2013-01-01

Vision is essential to the implementation of the American School Counselor Association (ASCA) National Model. Drawing from research in organizational leadership, this article provides a conceptual framework for how school counselors can incorporate vision as a strategy for implementing school counseling programs within the context of practice.…

Efficacy of a Low Vision Patient Consultation

Science.gov (United States)

Siemsen, Dennis W.; Bergstrom, A. Ren?e; Hathaway, Julie C.

2005-01-01

A variety of obstacles can prevent persons or individuals with low vision from deriving the greatest possible benefit from the rehabilitation process, including inadequate understanding of their visual impairment, lack of knowledge about available services, and misconceptions about low vision devices. This study explores the use of a…

Color vision: introduction by the feature editors.

Science.gov (United States)

Buck, Steven L; Baraas, Rigmor; Lee, Barry B; Lindsey, Delwin T; Uchikawa, Keiji; Webster, Michael A; Werner, John S

2016-03-01

This feature issue of the Journal of the Optical Society of America A (JOSA A) reflects the basic and applied research interests of members of the color vision community. Most of the articles stem from presentations at the 23rd Biennial Symposium of the International Colour Vision Society (ICVS).

Fiscal 2000 report on regional new energy vision for Tanoura town; 2000 nendo Tauracho chiiki shin energy vision hokokusho

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2001-03-01

A new energy vision has been formulated to make an environmentally friendly community of Tanoura town, Kumamoto Prefecture, which is a 6,000-people town facing Shiranui Bay and consisting of seashore, the streets, and a mountainous district. The amount of new energy in existence, when converted into electric power, will be 10 GWh/year accounting for approximately 20% of 1999 power consumption. The types of new energy subjected to study are solar energy, wind energy, biomass energy, refuse-derived energy, and geothermal energy, with solar energy surpassing the rest. In the new energy vision, the roles of the administration, citizens, and industrialists are made obvious; new energy introduction projects are established for the introduction of photovoltaic power, solar heat, and wind power into Hot Spring Center; and clean energy vehicles will be acquired to serve as official vehicles. The new energy vision booklet comprises six chapters, with chapter 1 dealing with the basic philosophy of vision formulation. (NEDO)

Latency in Visionic Systems: Test Methods and Requirements

Science.gov (United States)

Bailey, Randall E.; Arthur, J. J., III; Williams, Steven P.; Kramer, Lynda J.

2005-01-01

A visionics device creates a pictorial representation of the external scene for the pilot. The ultimate objective of these systems may be to electronically generate a form of Visual Meteorological Conditions (VMC) to eliminate weather or time-of-day as an operational constraint and provide enhancement over actual visual conditions where eye-limiting resolution may be a limiting factor. Empirical evidence has shown that the total system delays or latencies including the imaging sensors and display systems, can critically degrade their utility, usability, and acceptability. Definitions and measurement techniques are offered herein as common test and evaluation methods for latency testing in visionics device applications. Based upon available data, very different latency requirements are indicated based upon the piloting task, the role in which the visionics device is used in this task, and the characteristics of the visionics cockpit display device including its resolution, field-of-regard, and field-of-view. The least stringent latency requirements will involve Head-Up Display (HUD) applications, where the visionics imagery provides situational information as a supplement to symbology guidance and command information. Conversely, the visionics system latency requirement for a large field-of-view Head-Worn Display application, providing a Virtual-VMC capability from which the pilot will derive visual guidance, will be the most stringent, having a value as low as 20 msec.

A practical introduction to computer vision with OpenCV

CERN Document Server

Dawson-Howe, Kenneth

2014-01-01

Explains the theory behind basic computer vision and provides a bridge from the theory to practical implementation using the industry standard OpenCV libraries Computer Vision is a rapidly expanding area and it is becoming progressively easier for developers to make use of this field due to the ready availability of high quality libraries (such as OpenCV 2).  This text is intended to facilitate the practical use of computer vision with the goal being to bridge the gap between the theory and the practical implementation of computer vision. The book will explain how to use the relevant OpenCV

provision of low vision service in the department of ophthalmology ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

LIVINGSTON

of distance refractive error and common eye related or surgical ... assessment of residual vision and needs, and the identification of ways and means to address the problem. ... The clinical records of low vision patients seen at the Low Vision.

Software Platform Evaluation - Verifiable Fuel Cycle Simulation (VISION) Model

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

J. J. Jacobson; D. E. Shropshire; W. B. West

2005-01-01

The purpose of this Software Platform Evaluation (SPE) is to document the top-level evaluation of potential software platforms on which to construct a simulation model that satisfies the requirements for a Verifiable Fuel Cycle Simulation Model (VISION) of the Advanced Fuel Cycle (AFC). See the Software Requirements Specification for Verifiable Fuel Cycle Simulation (VISION) Model (INEEL/EXT-05-02643, Rev. 0) for a discussion of the objective and scope of the VISION model. VISION is intended to serve as a broad systems analysis and study tool applicable to work conducted as part of the AFCI (including costs estimates) and Generation IV reactor development studies. This document will serve as a guide for selecting the most appropriate software platform for VISION. This is a ''living document'' that will be modified over the course of the execution of this work

Deriving projects from the organisational vision using the Vision-to ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

Organisations initiate and execute projects at an ever-increasing rate in order to achieve their strategic intentions. Many of these, however, find it difficult to measure the contribution that these projects make towards the realisation of the organisational vision. In order to effect these changes in a cumulatively beneficial way, ...

Neuropharmacology of vision in goldfish: a review.

Science.gov (United States)

Mora-Ferrer, Carlos; Neumeyer, Christa

2009-05-01

The goldfish is one of the few animals exceptionally well analyzed in behavioral experiments and also in electrophysiological and neuroanatomical investigations of the retina. To get insight into the functional organization of the retina we studied color vision, motion detection and temporal resolution before and after intra-ocular injection of neuropharmaca with known effects on retinal neurons. Bicuculline, strychnine, curare, atropine, and dopamine D1- and D2-receptor antagonists were used. The results reviewed here indicate separate and parallel processing of L-cone contribution to different visual functions, and the influence of several neurotransmitters (dopamine, acetylcholine, glycine, and GABA) on motion vision, color vision, and temporal resolution.

Machine Vision Tests for Spent Fuel Scrap Characteristics

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

BERGER, W.W.

2000-01-01

The purpose of this work is to perform a feasibility test of a Machine Vision system for potential use at the Hanford K basins during spent nuclear fuel (SNF) operations. This report documents the testing performed to establish functionality of the system including quantitative assessment of results. Fauske and Associates, Inc., which has been intimately involved in development of the SNF safety basis, has teamed with Agris-Schoen Vision Systems, experts in robotics, tele-robotics, and Machine Vision, for this work

Pollution Atmosphérique et Santé: Corrélation ou Causalité? Le Cas de la Relation entre l'Exposition aux Particules et la Mortalité Cardio-pulmonaire.

Science.gov (United States)

Dab, William; Ségala, Claire; Dor, Frédéric; Festy, Bernard; Lameloise, Philippe; Moullec, Yvon Le; Tertre, Alain Le; Médina, Sylvia; Quénel, Philippe; Wallaert, Benoît; Zmirou, Et Denis

2001-02-01

De nombreuses études épidémiologiques ont observé dans des contextes différents une faible relation à court terme entre les particules et la mortalité cardio-pulmonaire, même quand les normes de qualité de l'air n'étaient pas dépassées. La causalité de cette relation est un enjeu de santé publique en raison de l'importance de la population exposée. Notre objectif est de faire l'inventaire critique des arguments utilisés dans 15 revues de la littérature publiées. Nous expliquons l'importance de distinguer la validité de la causalité et analysons de façon systématique les différents critères de jugement dans le contexte des études écologiques temporelles. Notre conclusion est que la relation observée est valide et que la plupart des critères de causalité sont respectés. Diminuer le niveau d'exposition des populations aux particules est souhaitable. En Europe, en agissant à la source, notamment sur les émissions Diesel, on diminuera aussi d'autres polluants qui peuvent jouer un rôle sanitaire. Aux États-Unis, la situation est plus complexe car les particules sont surtout secondaires. Il est également indispensable de poursuivre les recherches pour mieux connaître les déterminants des expositions globales des individus et mieux comprendre le rôle toxique des différents facteurs physico-chimiques des particules.

Life History and Risk of Death after 50: A Survival Analysis for Europe.

Science.gov (United States)

Nicińska, Anna; Kalbarczyk-Stęclik, Małgorzata

2015-12-01

RÉSUMÉ Dans notre étude nous avons examiné l'influence des événements du passé des individus sur le risque de décès des Européens âgés de plus de 50 ans, en contrôlant autres variables pertinentes. Notre analyse était basée sur les données d'entretiens biographiques rétrospectifs, les données d'entretiens réguliers au suivi longitudinal et celles d'entretiens de fin de vie de l'Enquête européenne SHARE sur la santé, le vieillissement et la retraite en Europe. En particulier, nous relevons l'état de santé auto-déclaré pendant l'enfance; les périodes de pauvreté, de faim et de mauvaise santé éprouvées dans le passé; et aussi l'histoire des soins de santé, y compris les soins dentaires, les analyses de sang et les mesures de pression artérielle. Ces informations, avec l'age, le sexe, l'état de santé subjectif et objectif, et d'autres facteurs socio-démographiques, permettent d'expliquer le risque de décès. L'analyse de survie, en contrôlant des variables pertinentes, montre que les événements du passé ont un impact significatif sur le risque de décès des Européens âgés de plus de 50 ans.

Implementing Vision Research in Special Needs Education

Science.gov (United States)

Wilhelmsen, Gunvor Birkeland; Aanstad, Monica L.; Leirvik, Eva Iren B.

2015-01-01

This article presents experiences from vision research implemented in education and argues for the need for teachers with visual competence and insight into suitable methods for stimulation and learning. A new type of continuing professional development (CPD) focuses on the role of vision in children's learning and development, the consequences of…

Literacy skills of children with low vision

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Gompel, M.

2005-01-01

The main question of the studies reported in this thesis is how the reading and spelling skills of children with low vision compare to those of their sighted peers, and which factors determine the variation in reading and spelling ability in children with low vision. In the study reported in chapter

Does functional vision behave differently in low-vision patients with diabetic retinopathy?--A case-matched study.

Science.gov (United States)

Ahmadian, Lohrasb; Massof, Robert

2008-09-01

A retrospective case-matched study designed to compare patients with diabetic retinopathy (DR) and other ocular diseases, managed in a low-vision clinic, in four different types of functional vision. Reading, mobility, visual motor, and visual information processing were measured in the patients (n = 114) and compared with those in patients with other ocular diseases (n = 114) matched in sex, visual acuity (VA), general health status, and age, using the Activity Inventory as a Rasch-scaled measurement tool. Binocular distance visual acuity was categorized as normal (20/12.5-20/25), near normal (20/32-20/63), moderate (20/80-20/160), severe (20/200-20/400), profound (20/500-20/1000), and total blindness (20/1250 to no light perception). Both Wilcoxon matched pairs signed rank test and the sign test of matched pairs were used to compare estimated functional vision measures between DR cases and controls. Cases ranged in age from 19 to 90 years (mean age, 67.5), and 59% were women. The mean visual acuity (logMar scale) was 0.7. Based on the Wilcoxon signed rank test analyses and after adjusting the probability for multiple comparisons, there was no statistically significant difference (P > 0.05) between patients with DR and control subjects in any of four functional visions. Furthermore, diabetic retinopathy patients did not differ (P > 0.05) from their matched counterparts in goal-level vision-related functional ability and total visual ability. Visual impairment in patients with DR appears to be a generic and non-disease-specific outcome that can be explained mainly by the end impact of the disease in the patients' daily lives and not by the unique disease process that results in the visual impairment.

Home vision tests

Science.gov (United States)

... missing areas. If any lines appear distorted or broken, note their location on the grid using a pen or pencil. DISTANCE VISION This is the standard eye chart doctors use, which has been adapted for home use. The chart is attached to a wall ...

Visions, Strategic Planning, and Quality--More than Hype.

Science.gov (United States)

Kaufman, Roger

1996-01-01

Discusses the need to shift from the old models for organizational development to the new methods of quality management and continuous improvement, visions and visioning, and strategic planning, despite inappropriate criticisms they receive. (AEF)

Deep Learning for Computer Vision: A Brief Review

Science.gov (United States)

Doulamis, Nikolaos; Doulamis, Anastasios; Protopapadakis, Eftychios

2018-01-01

Over the last years deep learning methods have been shown to outperform previous state-of-the-art machine learning techniques in several fields, with computer vision being one of the most prominent cases. This review paper provides a brief overview of some of the most significant deep learning schemes used in computer vision problems, that is, Convolutional Neural Networks, Deep Boltzmann Machines and Deep Belief Networks, and Stacked Denoising Autoencoders. A brief account of their history, structure, advantages, and limitations is given, followed by a description of their applications in various computer vision tasks, such as object detection, face recognition, action and activity recognition, and human pose estimation. Finally, a brief overview is given of future directions in designing deep learning schemes for computer vision problems and the challenges involved therein. PMID:29487619

Deep Learning for Computer Vision: A Brief Review

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Athanasios Voulodimos

2018-01-01

Full Text Available Over the last years deep learning methods have been shown to outperform previous state-of-the-art machine learning techniques in several fields, with computer vision being one of the most prominent cases. This review paper provides a brief overview of some of the most significant deep learning schemes used in computer vision problems, that is, Convolutional Neural Networks, Deep Boltzmann Machines and Deep Belief Networks, and Stacked Denoising Autoencoders. A brief account of their history, structure, advantages, and limitations is given, followed by a description of their applications in various computer vision tasks, such as object detection, face recognition, action and activity recognition, and human pose estimation. Finally, a brief overview is given of future directions in designing deep learning schemes for computer vision problems and the challenges involved therein.

Deep Learning for Computer Vision: A Brief Review.

Science.gov (United States)

Voulodimos, Athanasios; Doulamis, Nikolaos; Doulamis, Anastasios; Protopapadakis, Eftychios

2018-01-01

Over the last years deep learning methods have been shown to outperform previous state-of-the-art machine learning techniques in several fields, with computer vision being one of the most prominent cases. This review paper provides a brief overview of some of the most significant deep learning schemes used in computer vision problems, that is, Convolutional Neural Networks, Deep Boltzmann Machines and Deep Belief Networks, and Stacked Denoising Autoencoders. A brief account of their history, structure, advantages, and limitations is given, followed by a description of their applications in various computer vision tasks, such as object detection, face recognition, action and activity recognition, and human pose estimation. Finally, a brief overview is given of future directions in designing deep learning schemes for computer vision problems and the challenges involved therein.

VIP - A Framework-Based Approach to Robot Vision

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Gerd Mayer

2008-11-01

Full Text Available For robot perception, video cameras are very valuable sensors, but the computer vision methods applied to extract information from camera images are usually computationally expensive. Integrating computer vision methods into a robot control architecture requires to balance exploitation of camera images with the need to preserve reactivity and robustness. We claim that better software support is needed in order to facilitate and simplify the application of computer vision and image processing methods on autonomous mobile robots. In particular, such support must address a simplified specification of image processing architectures, control and synchronization issues of image processing steps, and the integration of the image processing machinery into the overall robot control architecture. This paper introduces the video image processing (VIP framework, a software framework for multithreaded control flow modeling in robot vision.

VIP - A Framework-Based Approach to Robot Vision

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Hans Utz

2006-03-01

Full Text Available For robot perception, video cameras are very valuable sensors, but the computer vision methods applied to extract information from camera images are usually computationally expensive. Integrating computer vision methods into a robot control architecture requires to balance exploitation of camera images with the need to preserve reactivity and robustness. We claim that better software support is needed in order to facilitate and simplify the application of computer vision and image processing methods on autonomous mobile robots. In particular, such support must address a simplified specification of image processing architectures, control and synchronization issues of image processing steps, and the integration of the image processing machinery into the overall robot control architecture. This paper introduces the video image processing (VIP framework, a software framework for multithreaded control flow modeling in robot vision.

Clinical Tests of Ultra-Low Vision Used to Evaluate Rudimentary Visual Perceptions Enabled by the BrainPort Vision Device.

Science.gov (United States)

Nau, Amy; Bach, Michael; Fisher, Christopher

2013-01-01

We evaluated whether existing ultra-low vision tests are suitable for measuring outcomes using sensory substitution. The BrainPort is a vision assist device coupling a live video feed with an electrotactile tongue display, allowing a user to gain information about their surroundings. We enrolled 30 adult subjects (age range 22-74) divided into two groups. Our blind group included 24 subjects ( n = 16 males and n = 8 females, average age 50) with light perception or worse vision. Our control group consisted of six subjects ( n = 3 males, n = 3 females, average age 43) with healthy ocular status. All subjects performed 11 computer-based psychophysical tests from three programs: Basic Assessment of Light Motion, Basic Assessment of Grating Acuity, and the Freiburg Vision Test as well as a modified Tangent Screen. Assessments were performed at baseline and again using the BrainPort after 15 hours of training. Most tests could be used with the BrainPort. Mean success scores increased for all of our tests except contrast sensitivity. Increases were statistically significant for tests of light perception (8.27 ± 3.95 SE), time resolution (61.4% ± 3.14 SE), light localization (44.57% ± 3.58 SE), grating orientation (70.27% ± 4.64 SE), and white Tumbling E on a black background (2.49 logMAR ± 0.39 SE). Motion tests were limited by BrainPort resolution. Tactile-based sensory substitution devices are amenable to psychophysical assessments of vision, even though traditional visual pathways are circumvented. This study is one of many that will need to be undertaken to achieve a common outcomes infrastructure for the field of artificial vision.

Eyesight quality and Computer Vision Syndrome.

Science.gov (United States)

Bogdănici, Camelia Margareta; Săndulache, Diana Elena; Nechita, Corina Andreea

2017-01-01

The aim of the study was to analyze the effects that gadgets have on eyesight quality. A prospective observational study was conducted from January to July 2016, on 60 people who were divided into two groups: Group 1 - 30 middle school pupils with a mean age of 11.9 ± 1.86 and Group 2 - 30 patients evaluated in the Ophthalmology Clinic, "Sf. Spiridon" Hospital, Iași, with a mean age of 21.36 ± 7.16 years. The clinical parameters observed were the following: visual acuity (VA), objective refraction, binocular vision (BV), fusional amplitude (FA), Schirmer's test. A questionnaire was also distributed, which contained 8 questions that highlighted the gadget's impact on the eyesight. The use of different gadgets, such as computer, laptops, mobile phones or other displays become part of our everyday life and people experience a variety of ocular symptoms or vision problems related to these. Computer Vision Syndrome (CVS) represents a group of visual and extraocular symptoms associated with sustained use of visual display terminals. Headache, blurred vision, and ocular congestion are the most frequent manifestations determined by the long time use of gadgets. Mobile phones and laptops are the most frequently used gadgets. People who use gadgets for a long time have a sustained effort for accommodation. A small amount of refractive errors (especially myopic shift) was objectively recorded by various studies on near work. Dry eye syndrome could also be identified, and an improvement of visual comfort could be observed after the instillation of artificial tears drops. Computer Vision Syndrome is still under-diagnosed, and people should be made aware of the bad effects the prolonged use of gadgets has on eyesight.

PixonVision real-time video processor

Science.gov (United States)

Puetter, R. C.; Hier, R. G.

2007-09-01

PixonImaging LLC and DigiVision, Inc. have developed a real-time video processor, the PixonVision PV-200, based on the patented Pixon method for image deblurring and denoising, and DigiVision's spatially adaptive contrast enhancement processor, the DV1000. The PV-200 can process NTSC and PAL video in real time with a latency of 1 field (1/60 th of a second), remove the effects of aerosol scattering from haze, mist, smoke, and dust, improve spatial resolution by up to 2x, decrease noise by up to 6x, and increase local contrast by up to 8x. A newer version of the processor, the PV-300, is now in prototype form and can handle high definition video. Both the PV-200 and PV-300 are FPGA-based processors, which could be spun into ASICs if desired. Obvious applications of these processors include applications in the DOD (tanks, aircraft, and ships), homeland security, intelligence, surveillance, and law enforcement. If developed into an ASIC, these processors will be suitable for a variety of portable applications, including gun sights, night vision goggles, binoculars, and guided munitions. This paper presents a variety of examples of PV-200 processing, including examples appropriate to border security, battlefield applications, port security, and surveillance from unmanned aerial vehicles.

Parallel Architectures and Parallel Algorithms for Integrated Vision Systems. Ph.D. Thesis

Science.gov (United States)

Choudhary, Alok Nidhi

1989-01-01

Computer vision is regarded as one of the most complex and computationally intensive problems. An integrated vision system (IVS) is a system that uses vision algorithms from all levels of processing to perform for a high level application (e.g., object recognition). An IVS normally involves algorithms from low level, intermediate level, and high level vision. Designing parallel architectures for vision systems is of tremendous interest to researchers. Several issues are addressed in parallel architectures and parallel algorithms for integrated vision systems.

Vision-Related Quality of Life Associated with Unilateral and Bilateral Ocular Conditions.

Science.gov (United States)

Brown, Gary C; Brown, Melissa M; Stein, Joshua D; Smiddy, William E

2018-02-21

To present ophthalmic patient time-tradeoff vision utilities for quantifying vision-related quality-of-life when the fellow eye still has good vision. These utilities are important for performing reliable cost-utility analyses. Consecutive time-tradeoff vision utilities were obtained from ophthalmic patients with good vision (20/20-20/25) in one eye and vision ranging from 20/20 to no light perception in the fellow eye over a 15-year period from 2000 through 2014. Five hundred eighty-six ophthalmic participant interviews from Wills Eye Hospital, New York Eye and Ear Hospital, and ophthalmology office practices in Pennsylvania and New Jersey. Participants underwent a full ophthalmic examination, after which time-tradeoff vision utilities were obtained by personal interview by the authors using a standardized, validated instrument. Time-tradeoff vision utilities. Mean time-tradeoff vision utilities were as follows in participants with good vision (20/20-20/25) in at least one eye and the following visions in the fellow eyes: no light perception, 0.79; counting fingers to light perception, 0.87; 20/200 to 20/400, 0.88; 20/60 to 20/100, 0.88; 20/30 to 20/50, 0.87; and 20/20 to 20/25, 0.94. In people with good vision (20/20-20/25) in one eye, the associated mean time-tradeoff vision utility is a remarkably consistent 0.87 to 0.88 when vision in the fellow eye ranges from 20/30 to light perception. Vision of 20/20 to 20/25 in the fellow eye results in a significantly higher associated utility of 0.94 (P vision of no light perception in the fellow eye results in a significantly lower utility of 0.079 (P < 0.01). These utilities are important for calculating reliable patient value (quality-adjusted life-year) gains in ophthalmic cost-utility analysis populations in which there is unilateral and bilateral disease involvement. Copyright © 2018 American Academy of Ophthalmology. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Pre-Service Teacher Vision and Urban Schools

Science.gov (United States)

Roselle, Rene; Liner, Kevin

2012-01-01

As preservice teachers enter their first teaching experience, they often have perceptions about what teaching will be like based on a vision that is typically linked to their own background and experiences. This study explores the changes in visions of 15 preservice teachers throughout student teaching in an urban environment. The research will…

Tensors in image processing and computer vision

CERN Document Server

De Luis García, Rodrigo; Tao, Dacheng; Li, Xuelong

2009-01-01

Tensor signal processing is an emerging field with important applications to computer vision and image processing. This book presents the developments in this branch of signal processing, offering research and discussions by experts in the area. It is suitable for advanced students working in the area of computer vision and image processing.

Use of an augmented-vision device for visual search by patients with tunnel vision.

Science.gov (United States)

Luo, Gang; Peli, Eli

2006-09-01

To study the effect of an augmented-vision device that superimposes minified contour images over natural vision on visual search performance of patients with tunnel vision. Twelve subjects with tunnel vision searched for targets presented outside their visual fields (VFs) on a blank background under three cue conditions (with contour cues provided by the device, with auditory cues, and without cues). Three subjects (VF, 8 degrees -11 degrees wide) carried out the search over a 90 degrees x 74 degrees area, and nine subjects (VF, 7 degrees -16 degrees wide) carried out the search over a 66 degrees x 52 degrees area. Eye and head movements were recorded for performance analyses that included directness of search path, search time, and gaze speed. Directness of the search path was greatly and significantly improved when the contour or auditory cues were provided in the larger and the smaller area searches. When using the device, a significant reduction in search time (28% approximately 74%) was demonstrated by all three subjects in the larger area search and by subjects with VFs wider than 10 degrees in the smaller area search (average, 22%). Directness and gaze speed accounted for 90% of the variability of search time. Although performance improvement with the device for the larger search area was obvious, whether it was helpful for the smaller search area depended on VF and gaze speed. Because improvement in directness was demonstrated, increased gaze speed, which could result from further training and adaptation to the device, might enable patients with small VFs to benefit from the device for visual search tasks.

Synthetic vision and memory model for virtual human - biomed 2010.

Science.gov (United States)

Zhao, Yue; Kang, Jinsheng; Wright, David

2010-01-01

This paper describes the methods and case studies of a novel synthetic vision and memory model for virtual human. The synthetic vision module simulates the biological / optical abilities and limitations of the human vision. The module is based on a series of collision detection between the boundary of virtual humans field of vision (FOV) volume and the surface of objects in a recreated 3D environment. The memory module simulates a short-term memory capability by employing a simplified memory structure (first-in-first-out stack). The synthetic vision and memory model has been integrated into a virtual human modelling project, Intelligent Virtual Modelling. The project aimed to improve the realism and autonomy of virtual humans.

Multi-focal Vision and Gaze Control Improve Navigation Performance

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Kolja Kuehnlenz

2008-11-01

Full Text Available Multi-focal vision systems comprise cameras with various fields of view and measurement accuracies. This article presents a multi-focal approach to localization and mapping of mobile robots with active vision. An implementation of the novel concept is done considering a humanoid robot navigation scenario where the robot is visually guided through a structured environment with several landmarks. Various embodiments of multi-focal vision systems are investigated and the impact on navigation performance is evaluated in comparison to a conventional mono-focal stereo set-up. The comparative studies clearly show the benefits of multi-focal vision for mobile robot navigation: flexibility to assign the different available sensors optimally in each situation, enhancement of the visible field, higher localization accuracy, and, thus, better task performance, i.e. path following behavior of the mobile robot. It is shown that multi-focal vision may strongly improve navigation performance.

A vision on methodology for integrated sustainable urban development: bequest

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Bentivegna, V.; Curwell, S.; Deakin, M.; Lombardi, P.; Mitchell, G.; Nijkamp, P.

2002-01-01

The concepts and visions of sustainable development that have emerged in the post-Brundtland era are explored in terms laying the foundations for a common vision of sustainable urban development (SUD). The described vision and methodology for SUD resulted from the activities of an international

COMPUTER VISION SYNDROME: A SHORT REVIEW.

OpenAIRE

Sameena; Mohd Inayatullah

2012-01-01

Computers are probably one of the biggest scientific inventions of the modern era, and since then they have become an integral part of our life. The increased usage of computers have lead to variety of ocular symptoms which includ es eye strain, tired eyes, irritation, redness, blurred vision, and diplopia, collectively referred to as Computer Vision Syndrome (CVS). CVS may have a significant impact not only on visual com fort but also occupational productivit...

Vision and vision-related outcome measures in multiple sclerosis

Science.gov (United States)

Balcer, Laura J.; Miller, David H.; Reingold, Stephen C.

2015-01-01

Visual impairment is a key manifestation of multiple sclerosis. Acute optic neuritis is a common, often presenting manifestation, but visual deficits and structural loss of retinal axonal and neuronal integrity can occur even without a history of optic neuritis. Interest in vision in multiple sclerosis is growing, partially in response to the development of sensitive visual function tests, structural markers such as optical coherence tomography and magnetic resonance imaging, and quality of life measures that give clinical meaning to the structure-function correlations that are unique to the afferent visual pathway. Abnormal eye movements also are common in multiple sclerosis, but quantitative assessment methods that can be applied in practice and clinical trials are not readily available. We summarize here a comprehensive literature search and the discussion at a recent international meeting of investigators involved in the development and study of visual outcomes in multiple sclerosis, which had, as its overriding goals, to review the state of the field and identify areas for future research. We review data and principles to help us understand the importance of vision as a model for outcomes assessment in clinical practice and therapeutic trials in multiple sclerosis. PMID:25433914

Assessment of functional vision and its rehabilitation.

Science.gov (United States)

Colenbrander, August

2010-03-01

This article, based on a report prepared for the International Council of Ophthalmology (ICO) and the International Society for Low Vision Research and Rehabilitation (ISLRR), explores the assessment of various aspects of visual functioning as needed to document the outcomes of vision rehabilitation. Documenting patient abilities and functional vision (how the person functions) is distinct from the measurement of visual functions (how the eye functions) and also from the assessment of quality of life. All three areas are important, but their assessment should not be mixed. Observation of task performance offers the most objective measure of functional vision, but it is time-consuming and not feasible for many tasks. Where possible, timing and error rates provide an easy score. Patient response questionnaires provide an alternative. They may save time and can cover a wider area, but the responses are subjective and proper scoring presents problems. Simple Likert scoring still predominates but Rasch analysis, needed to provide better result scales, is gaining ground. Selection of questions is another problem. If the range of difficulties does not match the range of patient abilities, and if the difficulties are not distributed evenly, the results are not optimal. This may be an argument to use different outcome questions for different conditions. Generic questionnaires are appropriate for the assessment of generic quality of life, but not for specific rehabilitation outcomes. Different questionnaires are also needed for screening, intake and outcomes. Intake questions must be relevant to actual needs to allow prioritization of rehabilitation goals; the activity inventory presents a prototype. Outcome questions should be targeted at predefined rehabilitation goals. The Appendix cites some promising examples. The Low Vision Intervention Trial (LOVIT) is an example of a properly designed randomized control study, and has demonstrated the remarkable effectiveness of

Change in vision, visual disability, and health after cataract surgery.

Science.gov (United States)

Helbostad, Jorunn L; Oedegaard, Maria; Lamb, Sarah E; Delbaere, Kim; Lord, Stephen R; Sletvold, Olav

2013-04-01

Cataract surgery improves vision and visual functioning; the effect on general health is not established. We investigated if vision, visual functioning, and general health follow the same trajectory of change the year after cataract surgery and if changes in vision explain changes in visual disability and general health. One-hundred forty-eight persons, with a mean (SD) age of 78.9 (5.0) years (70% bilateral surgery), were assessed before and 6 weeks and 12 months after surgery. Visual disability and general health were assessed by the CatQuest-9SF and the Short Formular-36. Corrected binocular visual acuity, visual field, stereo acuity, and contrast vision improved (P visual acuity evident up to 12 months (P = 0.034). Cataract surgery had an effect on visual disability 1 year later (P visual disability and general health 6 weeks after surgery. Vision improved and visual disability decreased in the year after surgery, whereas changes in general health and visual functioning were short-term effects. Lack of associations between changes in vision and self-reported disability and general health suggests that the degree of vision changes and self-reported health do not have a linear relationship.

Community identities as visions for landscape change

Science.gov (United States)

William P. Stewart; Derek Liebert; Kevin W. Larkin

2004-01-01

Residents' felt senses of their community can play substantial roles in determining visions for landscape change. Community identities are often anchored in tangible environments and events of a community, and have the potential to serve as visions for landscape planning processes. Photo-elicitation is applied in this study to connect community-based meanings to...

CHARACTERISTICS OF THE NIGERIAN LOW VISION POPULATION

African Journals Online (AJOL)

vision and refractive errors among Braille reading children in Nigeria identified corneal, lens problems and glaucoma as causes of visual impairment. Susan also reported on the causes of low vision and blindness in East Africa and listed. “whole globe” –retina and corneal/phthisis as major cause in that order. These reports ...

The Development of Peripheral Vision in Infants.

Science.gov (United States)

Guez, Jean R.

This study investigated the extent of infant peripheral vision, specifically the extent of infants' constricted field, or tunnel vision. Thirteen infants, 2 to 5 months old, were tested using a psychophysical procedure to obtain contrast sensitivity thresholds at four retinal loci (-40, -15, +15, +40 deg.). Infants were placed in an infant bed in…

Evolution of cichlid vision via trans-regulatory divergence

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

O’Quin Kelly E

2012-12-01

Full Text Available Abstract Background Phenotypic evolution may occur through mutations that affect either the structure or expression of protein-coding genes. Although the evolution of color vision has historically been attributed to structural mutations within the opsin genes, recent research has shown that opsin regulatory mutations can also tune photoreceptor sensitivity and color vision. Visual sensitivity in African cichlid fishes varies as a result of the differential expression of seven opsin genes. We crossed cichlid species that express different opsin gene sets and scanned their genome for expression Quantitative Trait Loci (eQTL responsible for these differences. Our results shed light on the role that different structural, cis-, and trans-regulatory mutations play in the evolution of color vision. Results We identified 11 eQTL that contribute to the divergent expression of five opsin genes. On three linkage groups, several eQTL formed regulatory “hotspots” associated with the expression of multiple opsins. Importantly, however, the majority of the eQTL we identified (8/11 or 73% occur on linkage groups located trans to the opsin genes, suggesting that cichlid color vision has evolved primarily via trans-regulatory divergence. By modeling the impact of just two of these trans-regulatory eQTL, we show that opsin regulatory mutations can alter cichlid photoreceptor sensitivity and color vision at least as much as opsin structural mutations can. Conclusions Combined with previous work, we demonstrate that the evolution of cichlid color vision results from the interplay of structural, cis-, and especially trans-regulatory loci. Although there are numerous examples of structural and cis-regulatory mutations that contribute to phenotypic evolution, our results suggest that trans-regulatory mutations could contribute to phenotypic divergence more commonly than previously expected, especially in systems like color vision, where compensatory changes in the

Prevalence of color vision deficiency among arc welders.

Science.gov (United States)

Heydarian, Samira; Mahjoob, Monireh; Gholami, Ahmad; Veysi, Sajjad; Mohammadi, Morteza

This study was performed to investigate whether occupationally related color vision deficiency can occur from welding. A total of 50 male welders, who had been working as welders for at least 4 years, were randomly selected as case group, and 50 age matched non-welder men, who lived in the same area, were regarded as control group. Color vision was assessed using the Lanthony desatured panel D-15 test. The test was performed under the daylight fluorescent lamp with a spectral distribution of energy with a color temperature of 6500K and a color rendering index of 94 that provided 1000lx on the work plane. The test was carried out monocularly and no time limit was imposed. All data analysis were performed using SPSS, version 22. The prevalence of dyschromatopsia among welders was 15% which was statistically higher than that of nonwelder group (2%) (p=0.001). Among welders with dyschromatopsia, color vision deficiency in 72.7% of cases was monocular. There was positive relationship between the employment length and color vision loss (p=0.04). Similarly, a significant correlation was found between the prevalence of color vision deficiency and average working hours of welding a day (p=0.025). Chronic exposure to welding light may cause color vision deficiency. The damage depends on the exposure duration and the length of their employment as welders. Copyright © 2016 Spanish General Council of Optometry. Published by Elsevier España, S.L.U. All rights reserved.

Vision Rehabilitation is Part of AMD Care

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

August Colenbrander

2018-01-01

Full Text Available AMD does not just affect the retina. It severely affects people’s lives. Paying attention to this aspect will only become more important as the population ages and more otherwise healthy individuals become affected. This paper will discuss the need for teamwork to overcome the difference between medical care, which addresses the causes of AMD, and rehabilitative care, which addresses the consequences. Different aspects and different degrees of vision loss ask for different interventions. Loss of detailed vision can be addressed by a wide variety of magnification devices. The means to address this aspect are well recognized. Surround vision is largely processed pre-attentively. Its loss cannot be remediated by devices, but must be addressed through patient education to bring previously subconscious reactions to conscious awareness. Loss of contrast vision is an aspect that is not sufficiently studied. It is important for early detection, and for the safety of the patient. When the eye condition cannot be modified, environmental modifications provide the most effective remediation.

Self-powered vision electronic-skin basing on piezo-photodetecting Ppy/PVDF pixel-patterned matrix for mimicking vision

Science.gov (United States)

Han, Wuxiao; Zhang, Linlin; He, Haoxuan; Liu, Hongmin; Xing, Lili; Xue, Xinyu

2018-06-01

The development of multifunctional electronic-skin that establishes human-machine interfaces, enhances perception abilities or has other distinct biomedical applications is the key to the realization of artificial intelligence. In this paper, a new self-powered (battery-free) flexible vision electronic-skin has been realized from pixel-patterned matrix of piezo-photodetecting PVDF/Ppy film. The electronic-skin under applied deformation can actively output piezoelectric voltage, and the outputting signal can be significantly influenced by UV illumination. The piezoelectric output can act as both the photodetecting signal and electricity power. The reliability is demonstrated over 200 light on–off cycles. The sensing unit matrix of 6 × 6 pixels on the electronic-skin can realize image recognition through mapping multi-point UV stimuli. This self-powered vision electronic-skin that simply mimics human retina may have potential application in vision substitution.

Self-powered vision electronic-skin basing on piezo-photodetecting Ppy/PVDF pixel-patterned matrix for mimicking vision.

Science.gov (United States)

Han, Wuxiao; Zhang, Linlin; He, Haoxuan; Liu, Hongmin; Xing, Lili; Xue, Xinyu

2018-06-22

The development of multifunctional electronic-skin that establishes human-machine interfaces, enhances perception abilities or has other distinct biomedical applications is the key to the realization of artificial intelligence. In this paper, a new self-powered (battery-free) flexible vision electronic-skin has been realized from pixel-patterned matrix of piezo-photodetecting PVDF/Ppy film. The electronic-skin under applied deformation can actively output piezoelectric voltage, and the outputting signal can be significantly influenced by UV illumination. The piezoelectric output can act as both the photodetecting signal and electricity power. The reliability is demonstrated over 200 light on-off cycles. The sensing unit matrix of 6 × 6 pixels on the electronic-skin can realize image recognition through mapping multi-point UV stimuli. This self-powered vision electronic-skin that simply mimics human retina may have potential application in vision substitution.

Postraumatic delayed loss of vision

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Partington, C.R.; Graves, V.B.; Ruetenacht, D.A.; Weinstein, J.M.; Strother, C.M.

1989-01-01

The imaging studies and clinical findings in 10 patients who suffered delayed vision loss beginning 1 day to 13 years after head trauma have been reviewed. Two different primary lesions could be identified: pseudoaneurysm of the internal carotid artery and carotid cavernous fistula. The pathologic changes associated with pseudoaneurysm included compression of the optic nerves and/or chiasm by arterial aneurysm and intracranial hematoma. Carotid cavernous fistula caused delayed vision loss by compression of the optic nerves and chiasm by saccular dilatation of the cavernous sinus and by abnormal orbital venous drainage with retinal venous stasis, retinal edema, and glaucoma