Modelo predictivo para determinar el riesgo de caries dental en niños de 6 a 12 años:Ciudad de Matanzas 2004-2006

OpenAIRE

Duque de Estrada Riverón, Johany

2010-01-01

La Caries Dental afecta a algunos individuos más que otros; por lo que, teniendo esto presente se decidió desarrollar un Modelo Predictivo para determinar el riesgo de Caries Dental en niños. La investigación se dividió en dos etapas: la primera, descriptiva-transversal, a través de un estudio de prevalencia y la segunda analítica, mediante un estudio de casos y testigos; esta se desarrolló en el municipio Matanzas, provincia Matanzas, en el período comprendido por los cursos académicos 2004-...

Areas naturales protegidas de Puerto Rico

Science.gov (United States)

William A. Gould; Maya Quinones; Mariano Solórzano; Waldemar Alcobas; Caryl Alarcon

2011-01-01

En este mapa mostramos las areas naturales protegidas designadas para la conservacion de los recursos naturales en Puerto Rico y regiones reguladas por ley con el potencial de mejorar la conservacion de los mismos. La designacion de areas protegidas es un proceso dinamico debido a que es el resultado de la constante evolucion de valores en los diferentes sectores de la...

Trends in spending on eating away from home in Brazil, 2002-2003 to 2008-2009.

Science.gov (United States)

Claro, Rafael Moreira; Baraldi, Larissa Galastri; Martins, Ana Paula Bortoletto; Bandoni, Daniel Henrique; Levy, Renata Bertazzi

2014-07-01

The study aims to describe trends in food consumption away from home in Brazil from 2002-2003 to 2008-2009 and to analyze the influence of income on this behavior. The authors used data collected by the Household Budget Surveys conducted by the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics (IBGE) in 2002-2003 and 2008-2009. The information analyzed in this study involves records of food and beverage purchases for consumption away from home. Trends in eating away from home were estimated for the total population and according to demographic and economic strata. The association between the share of food consumed away from home and income was studied using regression models to estimate income elasticity coefficients. The share of eating away from home increased 25% during the period, reaching 28% of total spending on food. Each 10% increase in mean per capita income leads to a 3.5% increase in the share of food consumed away from home. This suggests that income growth will result in future increases in the share of eating away from home.

QUALITY OF PERINATAL CARE IN SLOVENIA 2003–2008

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Tanja Premru-Sršen

2018-02-01

Full Text Available Background: The purpose of this analysis was to find whether the quality indicators of perinatal care in Slovenia change. Methods: We used the same quality indicators which are used in the European project Europeristat1 to compare the quality of perinatal care among the countries of the European Union. We used two 5-year periods, from 1998 to 2002 (reference period and from 2003 to 2008 (observed period. Data for perinatal quality were collected from the National Perinatal Information System of the Republic of Slovenia.2 Statistical significance was tested using the Pearson’s chi-square test. Results: Between 1998 and 2002, there were 87.679 labours ending in the delivery of 88.678 new- borns, and between 2003 and 2008, there were 90.662 labours ending in the delivery of 91.736 babies. In the observed period (2003 do 2008 mothers had statistically significantly higher educational level, a higher percentage came to their first pregnancy examination before the 12th week of gestation (84.0 % vs. 75.3 %, a higher percentage conceived after assisted reproductive techniques (2.0 % vs. 1.7 %, and the incidence of multiple pregnancies was higher (1.7 % vs. 1.6 %. Significantly lower were the percentages of labours without medical interventions (34.7 % vs. 41.9 % and of spontaneous onset of labour (74.0 % vs. 92.6 %. The percentages of induced labours and of elective cesarean sections increased dramatically (20.1 % vs. 6.6 % and 6.0 % vs. 0.9 %. The increase in the overall percentage of cesarean sections (14.8 % vs. 11.0 % is mainly due to increased incidence of elective cesarean sections, but the percentage of operative termination of vaginal labour increased as well (3.1 % vs. 2.6 %. The incidence of episiotomies was lower (48.7 % vs. 51.0 % and so was the incidence of 2nd degree perineal lacerations (4.5 % vs. 5.4 %, while the incidence of 3rd–4th degree lacerations was higher (0.3 % vs. 0.2 %. Transfusion was required in a lower percentage (0

Groundwater chemical baseline values to assess the Recovery Plan in the Matanza-Riachuelo River basin, Argentina.

Science.gov (United States)

Zabala, M E; Martínez, S; Manzano, M; Vives, L

2016-01-15

The two most exploited aquifers in the Matanza-Riachuelo River basin are being monitored in the framework of the Integrated Environmental Sanitation Plan that implements the Basin Authority, Autoridad de Cuenca Matanza Riachuelo. In this context, this work identifies the groundwater chemical types and the natural processes behind them; determines spatial and temporal changes; establishes ranges of variation for chemical components, and proposes concentration values for the upper limit of the natural chemical background. A total of 1007 samples from three aquifer-layers (Upper Aquifer, top and bottom of Puelche Aquifer) have been studied. As concrete guidelines for practical determination of baseline values are not available in the region, the methodology used follows the proposals of European projects which assessed European water directives. The groundwater composition is very stable in terms of both chemical facies and mineralization degree, and the changes observed in the dry and wet periods analysed are subtle in general. Most of the groundwater is Na-HCO3 type, except a few samples that are Ca-HCO3, Na-ClSO4 and Na-Cl types. The Ca-HCO3 waters are the result of calcium carbonate dissolution, Na-HCO3 waters result from cation exchange and carbonate dissolution, while in the Na-ClSO4 and Na-Cl waters, mixing with connate and with encroached old marine water from the underlying and overlying sediments are the most relevant processes. The proposed values for the upper limit of the natural background consider the influence of geology and Holocene marine ingressions in the baseline of coastal groundwater. This study allowed to know the initial chemical conditions of the groundwater system of the Matanza-Riachuelo River basin and to establish the reference from which Basin Authority can start to evaluate trends and monitor the recovery plan. At the same time, it sets a precedent for future studies in the region. Copyright © 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Heavy metal levels in dune sands from Matanzas urban resorts and Varadero beach (Cuba): Assessment of contamination and ecological risks.

Science.gov (United States)

Díaz Rizo, Oscar; Buzón González, Fran; Arado López, Juana O; Denis Alpízar, Otoniel

2015-12-30

Concentrations of chromium (Cr), nickel (Ni), copper (Cu), zinc (Zn) and lead (Pb) in dune sands from six urban and suburban Matanzas (Cuba) resorts and Varadero beach were estimated by X-ray fluorescence analysis. Ranges of metal contents in dune sands show a strong variation across the studied locations (in mg/kg(-1)): 20-2964 for Cr, 17-183 for Ni, 17-51 for Cu, 18-88 for Zn and 5-29 for Pb. The values of contamination factors and contamination degrees how that two of the studied Matanzas's resorts (Judio and Chirry) are strongly polluted. The comparison with Sediment Quality Guidelines shows that dune sands from Judio resort represent a serious risk for humans, due to polluted Cr and Ni levels, while sands from the rest of the studied resorts, including Varadero beach, do not represent any risk for public use. Copyright © 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

SEGURIDAD DEL PARACETAMOL EN CUBA. 2003 - 2008

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Ashley Chao Cardeso

2010-01-01

Full Text Available n observational, descriptive and retrospective study was realized to characterize the behavior of the adverse reactions related to paracetamol, including in the data base of the National Coordinating Unit of Pharmacovigilance, in the period included from January of the 2003 to December of the 2008.Once identified the main's adverse reactions associated to the use of paracetamol and organs' systems more affected it was determined his distribution by sex and groups of ages. In addition, severity and causality were classified accordantly to the avoidable reactions and their causes.Of the 612 notified reactions, the cutaneous eruptions were those of greater quantity (52.2%, corresponding this result with the system of organs more affected, then it was the skin (54.4%. Feminine sex and the group of age between the 16 and 39 years, presented/displayed the majors percents of undesirable effects, with 62.9% and 30.2%, respectively. The behavior, as far as severity and causality, was not different from what it was reported in other studies because the slight reactions predominated (56.7% and probable (80.2%. As far as the avoidable, the 69.1% of the reactions were catalogued like no avoidable, in as much, the errors in the indication of paracetamol constituted the main evitable cause.

Patrimonio Geológico y Espacios Naturales Protegidos

OpenAIRE

Gallego Valcarce, E.; García Cortés, Ángel

1995-01-01

A partir de la publicación del libro Espacios Naturales Protegidos del Estado Español, editado por la Sección del Estado Español de la Federación de Parques Naturales y Nacionales de Europa, que incluye un inventario completo a 7 de Junio de 1994 de dichos Espacios, se comparan sus resultados con el Inventario Nacional de Puntos de Interés Geológico y se hace un primer análisis de los valores geológicos de los espacios naturales protegidos en el Estado Español From the Information relative...

Intestinal Parasites in Children from a Day Care Centre in Matanzas City, Cuba

Science.gov (United States)

Cañete, Roberto; Díaz, Mariuska Morales; Avalos García, Roxana; Laúd Martinez, Pedro Miguel; Manuel Ponce, Félix

2012-01-01

Background Intestinal parasitic infections are widely distributed throughout the world and children are the most affected population. Day care centres are environments where children have proven to be more susceptible to acquiring IP. Methods and Principal Findings A cross-sectional study was carried to determine the prevalence of intestinal parasites in stool samples among children who attend to a day care centre in an urban area of Matanzas city, Cuba, from March to June 2012. 104 children under five years old were included on the study after informed consent form was signed by parents or legal guardians. Three fresh faecal samples were collected from each child in different days and were examined by direct wet mount, formalin-ether, and Kato- Katz techniques. Data relating to demography, socioeconomic status, source of drinking water, and personal hygiene habits were also collected using a standardized questionnaire. In total, 71.1% of children harbored at least one type of intestinal parasite and 47 (45.2%) were infected by more than one species. Giardia duodenalis and Blastocystis sp. were the most common parasites found, with prevalence rates of 54.8% and 38.5% respectively. Conclusions Despite public health campaigns, improvement in the level of education, and the availability of and access to medical services in Cuba infections by intestinal protozoan is high in this centre. Almost nothing is published regarding intestinal parasites in Matanzas province during the last 40 years so this work could also be the initial point to carry out other studies to clarify the IP status in this region. PMID:23236493

Evaluación y modificación del Sistema de Tratamiento de Aguas Residuales de la Planta de Matanza del ITCR en Santa Clara, San Carlos

OpenAIRE

Deloya Martínez, Alma

2006-01-01

La planta de matanza de ganado vacuno y porcino del ITCR, Sede San Carlos, en Santa Clara, procesa en promedio 23 reses y 11 cerdos por día. El caudal de aguas residuales promedio generado durante el proceso de matanza varió de un máximo de 72 m3/día hasta un mínimo de 12 m3/día. Las aguas residuales son tratadas en un sistema de tratamiento biológico anaerobio, para controlar la contaminación del agua, según el Reglamento de vertido y reúso de aguas residuales. El sistema original consistió ...

Analysis of construction accidents in Spain, 2003-2008.

Science.gov (United States)

López Arquillos, Antonio; Rubio Romero, Juan Carlos; Gibb, Alistair

2012-12-01

The research objective for this paper is to obtain a new extended and updated insight to the likely causes of construction accidents in Spain, in order to identify suitable mitigating actions. The paper analyzes all construction sector accidents in Spain between 2003 and 2008. Ten variables were chosen and the influence of each variable is evaluated with respect to the severity of the accident. The descriptive analysis is based on a total of 1,163,178 accidents. Results showed that the severity of accidents was related to variables including age, CNAE (National Classification of Economic Activities) code, size of company, length of service, location of accident, day of the week, days of absence, deviation, injury, and climatic zones. According to data analyzed, a large company is not always necessarily safer than a small company in the aspect of fatal accidents, experienced workers do not have the best accident fatality rates, and accidents occurring away from the usual workplace had more severe consequences. Results obtained in this paper can be used by companies in their occupational safety strategies, and in their safety training programs. Copyright © 2012 National Safety Council and Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Gang homicides - five U.S. cities, 2003-2008.

Science.gov (United States)

2012-01-27

Gang homicides account for a substantial proportion of homicides among youths in some U.S. cities; however, few surveillance systems collect data with the level of detail necessary to gang homicide prevention strategies. To compare characteristics of gang homicides with nongang homicides, CDC analyzed 2003-2008 data from the National Violent Death Reporting System (NVDRS) for five cities with high levels of gang homicide. This report describes the results of that analysis, which indicated that, consistent with similar previous research, a higher proportion of gang homicides than other homicides involved young adults and adolescents, racial and ethnic minorities, and males. Additionally, the proportion of gang homicides resulting from drug trade/use or with other crimes in progress was consistently low in the five cities, ranging from zero to 25%. Furthermore, this report found that gang homicides were more likely to occur with firearms and in public places, which suggests that gang homicides are quick, retaliatory reactions to ongoing gang-related conflict. These findings provide evidence for the need to prevent gang involvement early in adolescence and to increase youths' capacity to resolve conflict nonviolently.

La excavación arqueológica y la conservación patrimonial en el Castillo de San Severino de Matanzas

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Silvia Teresita Hernández Godoy

2009-03-01

Full Text Available El Castillo de San Severino de Matanzas, declarado Monumento Nacional en 1978 por sus valores histórico-arquitectónicos, se inaugura como Museo Regional de la Ruta del Esclavo en 1997. Desde los inicios tuvo un proyecto de restauración asesorado por el Centro Nacional de Restauración, Conservación y Museología y la Oficina de Monumentos y Sitios Históricos de Patrimonio Provincial. Muchas son las locaciones rescatadas en San Severino mediante acciones de restauración, conservación y propuestas museográficas, donde la arqueología ha tenido un importante desempeño. En tal sentido, el artículo aborda la campaña arqueológica que tuvo lugar en mayo de 2008 en el área del foso. Se expone la metodología de trabajo implementada, se analizan el contexto y las unidades estratigráficas relacionadas, se discuten los resultados alcanzados y se presenta la interrelación final entre las estructuras localizadas como parte del proceso de restauración finalizado.

Efectos de la política comercial en los recursos naturales y el ambiente

OpenAIRE

GONZÁLEZ ACOLT, Roberto; GONZÁLEZ GUILLÉN, Manuel de Jesús

2010-01-01

Este estudio analiza la influencia de la liberalization comercial total, que se dará a partir de 2008 en México, sobre los costos por agotamiento de los recursos naturales (petróleo, recursos forestales, uso de agua subterránea) y por degradación del ambiente (erosión del suelo y contaminación del agua, aire y suelo), usando un modelo de equilibrio general computable. Los resultados indican que los efectos de la liberalización comercial sobre las actividades económicas no fueron homogéneos. E...

Catálogo de los puentes proyectados por Jules Sagebien en la provincia de Matanzas.

OpenAIRE

Luis R. González Arestuche; C. J. Rolo Pico; Rubén A. Delgado Rodríguez

2014-01-01

Esta investigación recopila en documento único, el mejor quehacer de uno de los principales forjadores de Matanzas como ciudad y del desarrollo industrial inicial, alcanzado en el siglo XIX, para la demarcación. El respeto hacia la conservación y el rescate del patrimonio construido en la actual provincia homónima, por sus altísimos valores: histórico, cultural y tecnológico, considera la necesidad del conocimiento ciudadano sobre la actividad del francés Jules Sagebien Tavernier. Desde el añ...

Más allá de las ideologías. El comercio y las finanzas entre Argentina y Venezuela (2003-2008

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Mariano Roark

2010-09-01

Full Text Available El presente artículo se propone analizar las relaciones bilaterales entre Argentina y Venezuela durante el período 2003-2008, con el objetivo general de brindar una aproximación al proceso de acercamiento económico desarrollado durante dichos años,estableciéndo un análisis general acerca de las oportunidades y desafíos que implica el estrechamiento de vínculos con entre estos dos países.AbstractThis article offers an analysis of bilateral relations between Argentina and Venezuela during the period 2003-2008. The overall objective is to offer an approximation of how the countries have come closer together in matters of economic development during the years cited, establishing a general analysis of opportunities and challenges that the strengthening of ties implies for the countries involved.

Waste statistics 2003

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2005-07-01

The 2003 reporting to the ISAG comprises 403 plants owned by 273 enterprises. In 2002, reports covered 407 plants owned by 296 enterprises. Waste generation in 2003 is compared to targets from 2008 in the government's Waste Strategy 2005-2008. The following can be said to summarise waste generation in 2003: 1) In 2003, total reported waste arisings amounted to 12,835,000 tonnes, which is 270,000 tonnes, or 2 per cent, less than in 2002. 2) If amounts of residues from coal-fired power plants are excluded from statistics, waste arisings in 2003 were 11,597,000 tonnes, which is a 2 per cent increase from 2002. 3) If amounts of residues from coal-fired power plants and waste from the building and construction sector are excluded from statistics, total waste generation in 2003 amounted to 7,814,000 tonnes, which is 19,000 tonnes, or 1 per cent, less than in 2002. In other words, there has been a fall in total waste arisings, if residues and waste from building and construction are excluded. 4) The overall rate of recycling amounted to 66 per cent, which is one percentage point above the overall recycling target of 65 per cent for 2008. In 2002 the total rate of recycling was 64 per cent. 5) The total amount of waste led to incineration amounted to 26 per cent, plus an additional 1 per cent left in temporary storage to be incinerated at a later time. The 2008 target for incineration is 26 per cent. These are the same percentage figures as applied to incineration and storage in 2002. 6) The total amount of waste led to landfills amounted to 8 per cent, which is one percentage point below the overall landfill target of a maximum of 9 per cent landfilling in 2008. In 2002, 9 per cent was led to landfill. 7) The targets for treatment of waste from individual sectors are still not being met: too little waste from households and the service sector is being recycled, and too much waste from industry is being led to landfill. (au)

A decomposition analysis of change in skilled birth attendants, 2003 to 2008, Ghana Demographic and Health Surveys.

Science.gov (United States)

Bosomprah, Samuel; Aryeetey, Genevieve Cecelia; Nonvignon, Justice; Adanu, Richard M

2014-12-24

The single most critical intervention to improve maternal and neonatal survival is to ensure that a competent health worker with midwifery skills is present at every birth, and transport is available to a referral facility for obstetric care in case of an emergency. This study aims to describe changes in percentage of skilled birth attendants in Ghana and to identify causes of the observed changes as well as the contribution of different categories of mother's characteristics to these changes. This study uses two successive nationally representative household surveys: the 2003 and 2008 Ghana Demographic and Health Surveys (GDHS). The two datasets have comparable information on household characteristics and skilled attendants at birth at the time of the survey. The 2003 GDHS database includes information on 6,251 households and 3639 live births in the five years preceding the survey, whereas the 2008 GDHS database had information on11, 778 households and 2909 live births in the five years preceding the survey. A decomposition approach was used to explain the observed change in percentage of skilled birth attendants. Random-effects generalized least square regression was used to explore the effect of changes in population structure in respect of the mother's characteristics on percentage of skilled birth attendants over the period. Overall, the data showed absolute gain in the proportion of births attended by a health professional from 47.1% in 2003 to 58.7% in 2008, which represents 21.9% of gap closed to reach universal coverage. The increase in skilled birth attendants was found to be caused by changes in general health behaviour. The gain is regardless of the mother's characteristics. The structural change in the proportion of births in respect of birth order and mother's education had little effect on the change in percentage of skilled birth attendants. Improvement in general health behaviour can potentially contribute to an accelerated increase in proportion

Reflections on the Journal of Applied Psychology for 2003 to 2008.

Science.gov (United States)

Zedeck, Sheldon

2017-03-01

The topic and theme content of the articles published during my term as editor of the Journal of Applied Psychology (2003-2008) are presented and discussed. The analysis of the content and trends is discussed in the context of attempts by my editorial team to influence what content was to be considered for publication as well as to engage in special efforts to generate more "theory" as well as alternative methodological approaches (e.g., qualitative data, content analysis, and the like) into the journal. The bigger issue for the perspective is whether the editorial team can influence what is published (yes) as opposed to what is researched (unlikely). The bottom line of the analysis is a call for future research that takes an interdisciplinary or multidisciplinary approach to the study of applied problems in a work setting. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2017 APA, all rights reserved).

Prognostic and predictive factors of the breast cancer impact at the Matanzas Provincial Oncology Unit

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Gonzalo Zambrano, Ruben Dario; Fundora Madruga, Guillermo; Rodriguez Jimenez, Pablo

2010-01-01

We carried out a descriptive study of prevalence or cross sectional study to assess predictive and prognostic factors of the breast cancer from recidivism in 406 women treated at the Matanzas Provincial Oncology Unit, and remitted from provincial and territorial hospitals, since January 2004 to December 2008. Data were collected from clinical records and biopsy informs, processed with the Epi Info System, Version 6.04. There was a higher incidence of the breast cancer in post-menopausal women and a higher aggressiveness in pre-menopausal women. Almost half of the patients were diagnosed in the precocious stage and there was a high index of recidivism, mainly in advanced stages. The invasive lobular carcinoma presented more recidivists, while the tubular one had a better prognosis; the ductal carcinoma in situ and the lobular carcinoma in situ had more recurrences than they were expected. The conservative surgery showed a higher number of recidivists in distance than the modified radical mastectomy, while the last one showed local recidivism (2,1 %) and the first, no one; the conservative one was related with a high percent of disease persistence, in which the compromised section edges. The ganglion status, tumour size and histological level were pointed out as the main anatomic-pathological prognosis facts, but not the hormonal receptors. There it was a good answer to tamoxifen and to CMF (cyclophosphamide, metothrexate and 5 flouracil) cycles. In conclusion, we demonstrated the influence of the modifiable and non-modifiable prognostic and predictive facts on the high index of recidivism and recommend taking measures to improve those indicators

Agricultura, recursos naturales, medio ambiente y desarrollo sostenible en costa rica

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Jorge A. Morera

2000-01-01

Full Text Available Agricultura, recursos naturales, medio ambiente y desarrollo sostenible en Costa Rica. La agricultura sostenible en Costa Rica debe reconocer la necesidad de intensificar la productividad como medio de soportar la acelerada demanda creada por el incremento poblacional, pero al mismo tiempo debe prever el mejor uso y conservación de los recursos naturales. Sin recursos naturales no hay agricultura y sin ésta no hay seguridad alimentaria. Es de esperar que Costa Rica pueda satisfacer la demanda creciente de alimentos y otros productos agrícolas; evitando el acelerado proceso de degradación que sufren nuestros suelos y bosques. El proceso de agricultura sostenible en Costa Rica y otros países de la región, presenta un incremento en la demanda de tierras y recursos naturales; lo cual suscita competencias y agudos conflictos sociales, económicos y ecológicos. Costa Rica debe plantearse una estrategia de desarrollo sostenible que contemple los efectos asociados del crecimiento demográfico, la seguridad alimentaria, la protección de la biodiversidad, la regeneración de los ecosistemas, el desarrollo de tecnologías amigables con el ambiente, la regulación sobre el acceso a los recursos naturales y la formación de capital humano

Development of neurosurgery in Germany: comparison of data collected by polls for 1997, 2003, and 2008 among providers of neurosurgical care.

Science.gov (United States)

Steiger, Hans J; Krämer, Michael; Reulen, Hans J

2012-01-01

To deduce structural trends in neurosurgery in Germany by comparison of data derived from polls conducted by the Deutsche Gesellschaft für Neurochirurgie (DGNC) in 1997, 2003 and 2008. The questionnaires of the different polls probed a comparable set of issues. The data from the responding sample were extrapolated to the nationwide average or sum and compared between the different time periods. The number of identified neurosurgical departments increased from 146 to 201 during the years 1997-2008 largely as a result of the new foundation of numerous private groups. Nationwide total neurosurgical bed capacity and intensive care unit bed capacity increased modestly over the time period. The extrapolated total number of neurosurgical operations increased from 196,341 to 319,295. Although cranial and spinal neurosurgery remain the dominant subspecialties, the number of functional neurosurgical procedures and operations for pain increased more than proportionally. Outpatient procedures were established during the time period and corresponded in 2008 to a substantial proportion of the surgical volume. The total number of residents and board-certified neurosurgeons increased during the period 1997-2008 from 1513 to 1961. The proportion of residents decreased during 1997-2003 and then increased again. The number of neurosurgical operations increased in Germany proportionally to the economic growth of other service branches over the time period. Private organizations developed more than neurosurgical departments at university and other general hospitals. Work density measured as operations per physician increased during the period 1997-2008. Copyright © 2012 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Emulating Multiple Inheritance in Fortran 2003/2008

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Karla Morris

2015-01-01

in Fortran 2003. The design unleashes the power of the associated class relationships for modeling complicated data structures yet avoids the ambiguities that plague some multiple inheritance scenarios.

Necesidad de prótesis buco-maxilofacial en el municipio Matanzas en el año 1999 Need for oral-maxillofacial protheses in Matanzas municipality in the year 1999

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Evelio García Pulido

2004-04-01

Full Text Available Resumen Se realizó este trabajo con el objetivo de conocer la necesidad de prótesis buco-máxilo-facial en el municipio Matanzas, así como el comportamiento de estas y su relación con el sexo, la edad y la etiología. Se realizó un estudio descriptivo de corte transversal donde se tomó como referencia la población perteneciente a las distintas áreas de salud de este municipio. Para la obtención de la muestra se aplicó un diseño muestral estratificado por conglomerado, la cual quedó constituida por 1 937 personas, y a aquellas que reunieron los criterios de inclusión, se les aplicó la encuesta de necesidad de rehabilitación buco-maxilofacial. Se obtuvo como resultado que existía necesidad de prótesis buco-maxilofacial con preferencia por la del tipo ocular, sexo masculino y pacientes jóvenes. La etiología traumática fue la predominante como causa de lesión para ambos sexos, seguida por la oncológica. Las regiones auriculares y maxilares estuvieron afectadas en el sexo masculino en mayor cuantía que en el femenino. En las regiones orbital, nasal, mandibular y compleja no hubo afectaciones.This paper was aimed at finding out the need for oral-maxillofacial prostheses in Matanzas municipality as well as the performance of these appliances and their relation with sex, age and etiology. A cross-sectional descriptive study was made in which the population cared for by the different health care areas of this municipality was taken as reference. A stratified sampling design by conglomerates was applied to obtain a sample, finally composed of 1937 persons and those who met the inclusion criteria were administered the Oral-maxillofacial rehabilitation requirement survey. The results showed that the ocular oral maxillofacial prosthesis was the one that males and young patients preferred most. Trauma lesion was the predominant cause for both sexes followed by oncological problems. Auricular and maxillary regions were more affected in

Prognostic factors associated with breast cancer in Sancti Spiritus. January 2003 to January 2008

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Jimenez Madrigal, Yania; Martha Gallego Diaz, Julia

2009-01-01

We analyzed 200 patients with the diagnosis of breast cancer over a period of 5 years (January 2003 to January 2008) who were diagnosed and treated at the specialist breast in the Department of Oncology, University Hospital of Sancti Spiritus. We studied the prognostic factors related to the primary tumor, the presence of metastatic nodes, the treatment provided, time and disease-free survival time. It was demonstrated that as increasing the size of primary tumor (T) and regional lymph node involvement (N), is more advanced clinical stage and axillary lymph node metastatic in surgical specimen condition that there is greater chance of recurrence occurs tumor, with a higher incidence of distant metastases and death occurs in these patients. (Author)

Influencia del uso de mapas conceptuales en la construcción de la habilidad. Clasificación en Ciencias Naturales

OpenAIRE

Amaya Moyano, Blanca Lilia

2003-01-01

Tesis (Maestría en Educación y Desarrollo Humano). Universidad de Manizales. Facultad de Ciencias Sociales y Humana. CINDE, 2003 El presente trabajo de investigación Influencia del uso de mapas conceptuales en la construcción de la habilidad clasificación en ciencias naturales, parte de la consideración de que la dinámica del mundo contemporáneo y globalizado, exige la formación de ciudadanos con capacidad para comprender los cambios que se producen en la sociedad y para enfrentar un mu...

Apreciación del grado de motivación de médicos de la familia en Matanzas

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Jorge Luis Orihuela de la Cal

1998-12-01

Full Text Available Se realizó esta investigación con el propósito de explorar la motivación y superación de los médicos de la familia, en función asistencial, de 3 áreas de salud de la ciudad de Matanzas. Se encuestaron 124 facultativos entre marzo de 1996 e igual mes de 1997. La mayoría de ellos, en los 3 policlínicos, refieren sentirse medianamente motivados. Entre las condiciones generadoras de insatisfación está la bibliografía, el insuficiente apoyo de organizaciones de masas y consejos populares y dificultades con los locales donde se trabaja. Existen criterios favorables sobre el fucionamiento del programa del médico de la familia. La participación de los galenos en actividades de superación es escasaThis research was simed at exploring the degree of motivation and upgrading of the family physicians serving the population at there health areas in the city of Matanzas. 124 physicians were surveyed from March, 1996, to March, 1997. Most of them felt fairly motivated. Some of the conditions that caused their unsatisfactions were bibliography, the insufficient support of the mass organizations and of the people’s councils, and the difficulties existing at the places they worked in. There were favorable criteria about the family physician program. It was observed a poor participation of these physicians in upgrading activities

Histopathological retrospective study of canine renal disease in Korea, 2003~2008

Science.gov (United States)

Yhee, Ji-Young; Yu, Chi-Ho; Kim, Jong-Hyuk; Im, Keum-Soon; Chon, Seung-Ki

2010-01-01

Renal disease includes conditions affecting the glomeruli, tubules, interstitium, pelvis, and vasculature. Diseases of the kidney include glomerular diseases, diseases of the tubules and interstitium, diseases of renal pelvis, and developmental abnormalities. Renal tissue samples (n = 70) submitted to the Department of Veterinary Pathology of Konkuk University from 2003 to 2008 were included in this study. Tissue histopathology was performed using light microscopy with hematoxylin and eosin stains. Masson's trichrome, Congo Red, and Warthin starry silver staining were applied in several individual cases. Glomerular diseases (22.9%), tubulointerstitial diseases (8.6%), neoplastic diseases (8.6%), conditions secondary to urinary obstruction (24.3%), and other diseases (35.7%) were identified. Glomerulonephritis (GN) cases were classified as acute proliferative GN (5.7%), membranous GN (4.3%), membranoproliferative GN (4.3%), focal segmental GN (2.9%), and other GN (4.2%). The proportion of canine GN cases presently identified was not as high as the proportions identified in human studies. Conversely, urinary obstruction and end-stage renal disease cases were relatively higher in dogs than in human populations. PMID:21113095

Non-robbery-related occupational homicides in the retail industry, 2003-2008.

Science.gov (United States)

Konda, Srinivas; Tiesman, Hope M; Hendricks, Scott; Gurka, Kelly K

2014-02-01

The purpose of this study was to examine non-robbery-related occupational homicides in the retail industry from 2003 to 2008. Data were abstracted from the Census of Fatal Occupational Injuries. Motive (robbery- or non-robbery-related) and workplace violence (WPV) typology (Type I-IV) were assigned using narrative text fields. Non-robbery-related homicide rates were calculated and compared among WPV types, demographic characteristics, and occupation. Twenty-eight percent of homicides that occurred in the retail industry were non-robbery-related. The leading event associated with non-robbery-related homicides was Type II (perpetrated by customers) (34%), followed by Type IV (perpetrated by personal relationship) (31%). The majority of homicides were due to arguments (50%). Security guards and workers in drinking establishments had the highest homicide rates per 100,000 workers (14.3 and 6.0, respectively). Non-robbery-related homicides comprised a meaningful proportion of workplace homicides in the retail industry. Research is needed to develop strategies to prevent non-robbery-related homicides specifically. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

Non-Robbery-Related Occupational Homicides in the Retail Industry, 2003–2008

Science.gov (United States)

Konda, Srinivas; Tiesman, Hope M.; Hendricks, Scott; Gurka, Kelly K.

2015-01-01

Background The purpose of this study was to examine non-robbery-related occupational homicides in the retail industry from 2003 to 2008. Methods Data were abstracted from the Census of Fatal Occupational Injuries. Motive (robbery- or non-robbery-related) and workplace violence (WPV) typology (Type I–IV) were assigned using narrative text fields. Non-robbery-related homicide rates were calculated and compared among WPV types, demographic characteristics, and occupation. Results Twenty-eight percent of homicides that occurred in the retail industry were non-robbery-related. The leading event associated with non-robbery-related homicides was Type II (perpetrated by customers) (34%), followed by Type IV (perpetrated by personal relationship) (31%). The majority of homicides were due to arguments (50%). Security guards and workers in drinking establishments had the highest homicide rates per 100,000 workers (14.3 and 6.0, respectively). Conclusions Non-robbery-related homicides comprised a meaningful proportion of workplace homicides in the retail industry. Research is needed to develop strategies Periodicals, Inc. PMID:24248892

Desarrollo del pensamiento científico en el contexto de las ciencias naturales.

OpenAIRE

Espinoza Guajardo, José R.

2010-01-01

Introducción Evaluación diagnóstica Tema 1 ¿Cómo se conceptualiza la competencia del desarrollo del pensamiento científico en el contexto de las Ciencias Naturales? Tema 2. ¿Por qué es relevante la competencia del desarrollo del pensamiento científico en el contexto de las Ciencias Naturales para una sociedad basada en conocimiento? Tema 3. ¿Cómo las personas desarrollan la competencia del desarrollo del pensamiento científico en el contexto de las Ciencias Naturales? Tema ...

Domínios de atividade física e escolaridade em São Paulo, Brasil: estudo transversal seriado, 2003 e 2008

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Ana Paula de Oliveira Barbosa Nunes

2015-08-01

Full Text Available O objetivo foi estimar a prevalência de atividade física em diferentes domínios e a sua associação com escolaridade. Trata-se de estudo seriado de base populacional de duas edições do Inquérito de Saúde de São Paulo, Brasil. Participaram 1.667 adultos, em 2003, e 2.086, em 2008. Amostragem probabilística foi realizada por conglomerados em dois estágios. O International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ longo permitiu avaliar diversos domínios de atividade física. Foi utilizada regressão de Poisson. Os homens foram mais ativos no lazer e no trabalho; as mulheres, no lar. Encontrou-se aumento de ativos no deslocamento e na atividade total em homens e, também, no trabalho, entre as mulheres. A escolaridade foi associada de forma direta com lazer (2003 e 2008 e de forma inversa com o trabalho (2003, para os homens, e casa, para as mulheres; pessoas com menor nível de escolaridade estão se tornando menos ativas. As estratégias de intervenção devem considerar os níveis de escolaridade. Intervenções no espaço urbano e no transporte podem aumentar a oportunidade e o acesso mais amplo da população à atividade física.

Experience of the Irish National Centre for hereditary haemorrhagic telangiectasia 2003-2008.

LENUS (Irish Health Repository)

Ni Bhuachalla, C F

2012-01-31

Hereditary haemorrhagic telangiectasia (HHT) is a group of autosomal dominant disorders of vascular structure. The Irish National Centre for HHT at the Mercy University Hospital, Cork, Ireland was founded in 2003. From 2003 to 2008, screening of 164 patients with contrast echocardiography, thoracic computerised tomography (CT) and cerebral magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has identified 88 patients with definite HHT, 72 (82%) of whom had epistaxis, 70 (80%) had telangiectasia and 81 (92%) had a first-degree relative with HHT. We sought to describe the manifestations of HHT in an Irish population and to determine differences between internationally reported data. The HHT patient database was analysed to describe demographics, clinical manifestations and interventional procedures performed in all referred patients. Contrast echocardiography and\\/or CT were performed in 86 patients with definite HHT, identifying 27 patients (31%) with pulmonary arteriovenous malformations (pAVMs). Nineteen patients with single or multiple pAVMs had 28 embolisation procedures performed, with 1-6 pAVMs embolised per procedure. Cerebral MRI was performed in 78 (89%) patients and 2 (2.3%) had cerebral arteriovenous malformations (cAVMs). HHT prevalence is thought to be 1 in 2500-8000, suggesting that there are many undiagnosed cases in Irish patients. Internationally published data suggest a prevalence of 15-35% for pAVMs and 10-23% for cAVMs in patients with HHT. While the prevalence of pAVMs in our group is consistent with these data, the prevalence of cAVMs is considerably lower, suggesting that Irish patients with HHT may differ genotypically and phenotypically from those in other countries.

The clinicopathological and epidemiological aspects of bacterial endocarditis in dogs: 28 cases (2003-2008 / Aspectos clínico-patológicos e epidemiológicos da endocardite bacteriana em cães: 28 casos (2003-2008

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Patrícia Mendes Pereira

2010-04-01

Full Text Available The aim of this study was to review the clinicopathological aspects and report the data obtained from bacterial endocarditis cases in dogs. A restropective study was carried out based on files of the Veterinary Hospital and the Animal Pathology Laboratory of Universidade Estadual de Londrina (UEL from January 2003 to may 2008. During this period, 28 dogs presented bacterial endocarditis, 50% males and 50% females. Medium to large dogs were the most affected and adult animals were prevalent, with the following clinical signs: apathy, hiporexy, hyperthermia, splenomegaly, dyspnea, dehydration, dysuria and cardiac murmur, Necropsy revealed the mitral valve as the most affected cardiac structure and among the organs, the kidneys were the most affected.O presente trabalho objetivou revisar os aspectos clínico-patológicos e relatar os dados obtidos sobre a endocardite bacteriana em cães, por meio de estudo retrospectivo realizado nos arquivos do Hospital Veterinário e Laboratório de Patologia Animal da Universidade Estadual de Londrina (UEL, durante o período de janeiro de 2003 a maio de 2008. No transcorrer do período considerado, 28 cães apresentaram a doença, sendo 50% machos e 50% fêmeas. Animais de médio a grande porte foram os mais acometidos e os adultos obtiveram prevalência. Os principais sinais clínicos apresentados foram apatia, hiporexia, hipertermia, esplenomegalia, dispnéia, desidratação, disúria e sopro cardíaco. À necropsia, observou-se que a válvula mitral foi a estrutura cardíaca mais afetada, sendo o rim o órgão mais frequentemente acometido.

El derecho como modelo para las ciencias naturales

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Vittorio Villa

2005-12-01

Full Text Available El artículo comienza con una exposición del modo tradicional de entender, durante siglos, la relación entre ciencia jurídica y ciencias naturales. Describe después el cambio radical del contexto epistemológico de fondo que se ha producido en las últimas cuatro décadas. Expone luego cómo, dentro de ese cambio, va apareciendo el derecho como modelo para las ciencias naturales, en fuerza de dos tipos diversos de analogía entre el derecho y esas ciencias. La última parte está dedicada a proponer la concepción del autor sobre las razones de la elección del derecho como modelo

Evidence-based cognitive rehabilitation: updated review of the literature from 2003 through 2008.

Science.gov (United States)

Cicerone, Keith D; Langenbahn, Donna M; Braden, Cynthia; Malec, James F; Kalmar, Kathleen; Fraas, Michael; Felicetti, Thomas; Laatsch, Linda; Harley, J Preston; Bergquist, Thomas; Azulay, Joanne; Cantor, Joshua; Ashman, Teresa

2011-04-01

To update our clinical recommendations for cognitive rehabilitation of people with traumatic brain injury (TBI) and stroke, based on a systematic review of the literature from 2003 through 2008. PubMed and Infotrieve literature searches were conducted using the terms attention, awareness, cognitive, communication, executive, language, memory, perception, problem solving, and/or reasoning combined with each of the following terms: rehabilitation, remediation, and training for articles published between 2003 and 2008. The task force initially identified citations for 198 published articles. One hundred forty-one articles were selected for inclusion after our initial screening. Twenty-nine studies were excluded after further detailed review. Excluded articles included 4 descriptive studies without data, 6 nontreatment studies, 7 experimental manipulations, 6 reviews, 1 single case study not related to TBI or stroke, 2 articles where the intervention was provided to caretakers, 1 article redacted by the journal, and 2 reanalyses of prior publications. We fully reviewed and evaluated 112 studies. Articles were assigned to 1 of 6 categories reflecting the primary area of intervention: attention; vision and visuospatial functioning; language and communication skills; memory; executive functioning, problem solving and awareness; and comprehensive-holistic cognitive rehabilitation. Articles were abstracted and levels of evidence determined using specific criteria. Of the 112 studies, 14 were rated as class I, 5 as class Ia, 11 as class II, and 82 as class III. Evidence within each area of intervention was synthesized and recommendations for Practice Standards, Practice Guidelines, and Practice Options were made. There is substantial evidence to support interventions for attention, memory, social communication skills, executive function, and for comprehensive-holistic neuropsychologic rehabilitation after TBI. Evidence supports visuospatial rehabilitation after right

Calidad de vida percibida en adultos mayores de la provincia de Matanzas Quality of life perceived in elderlies from Matanzas province

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Dianelis Dueñas González

2009-09-01

Full Text Available INTRODUCCIÓN: el estudio de la calidad de vida es de gran utilidad en las poblaciones envejecidas, en tanto constituye un trazador cualitativo de la salud en este segmento poblacional, aquejado con frecuencia de discapacidades que limitan su desempeño social. OBJETIVO: describir el comportamiento de la calidad de vida percibida en general, y su relación con variables seleccionadas en adultos mayores de la provincia de Matanzas. MÉTODOS: se realizó un estudio descriptivo de corte transversal, en un universo de 108 559 adultos mayores, de los que se seleccionó una muestra de 741, por muestreo estratificado polietápico. Se aplicaron el Examen Mínimo del Estado Mental y la Escala para la Evaluación de la Calidad de Vida Percibida. Se calcularon frecuencias absolutas y porcentajes, y se aplicó la prueba de homogeneidad y otras específicas como Bartholomew, Ridit Analysis y x² para la regresión. El procesamiento se realizó con SPSS versión 11,5, y Epidat 3,1. Los resultados de presentan en tablas. RESULTADOS: predominio de calidad de vida percibida baja, que constituyó el 43,3 % de la muestra investigada. Hubo diferencias importantes en el comportamiento de la calidad de vida por edad y escolaridad, con tendencia a empeorar en la medida que se incrementa la edad (p=0,000 y disminuye la escolaridad (p=0,000. No hubo diferencias por sexo (p=0,343 ni por estado conyugal (p=0,123. CONCLUSIONES: el predominio de baja calidad de vida en la población investigada evidencia la necesidad de continuar el estudio sobre este constructo, para lo cual resulta de interés su relación con la edad y la escolaridad.INTRODUCTION: quality of life study is very useful in aging populations, since it is a qualitative marker of health in this segment of population, frequently affected by disabling events limiting its social performance. OBJECTIVE: to describe quality of life behavior in general, and its relation with selected variables in elderlies from

Activity levels of 137 Cs in mushrooms collected from the territory of Serbia and Montenegro during 2003-2008

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Cuculovic, A.; Momcilovic, M.; Dragovic, S.

2009-01-01

In this paper activity levels of 137 Cs in mushrooms collected from the territory of Serbia and Montenegro during 2003-2008 are presented. Results pointed out that mushrooms are good bioindicators of radioactive contamination of the environment and also that activity levels of this radionuclide depend on mushroom specie and its treatment. Due to high activity levels of 137 Cs in some mushrooms species they must be taken into consideration in the assessment of radiation burden of population, especially in highland ecosystems. (author) [sr

Croatian Telecommunication Market: Concentration Trends in the Period from 2003 to 2008

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Mirjana Pejić Bach

2013-01-01

Full Text Available Telecommunication markets are a valuable factor that contributes to the economic growth and development. The development of the telecommunication markets and services was slower in the countries in transition than in developed European countries, altough after the fall of communism countries in transition implemented a big progress in spreading and modernizing of their telecommunication network.The paper analysis the level of concentration of telecommunication industry in Croatia from 2003 to 2008. The data used in the analysis consider 50 Croatian largest IT firms that are operating on telecommunication market and specific telecommunication sectors: producers of telecommunication equipment, distributers of telecommunication services and implementers of telecommunication solutions. The main two conclusions of this article are: (1 degree of concentration on the telecommunication market in Croatia changed differently in different market shares, (2 degree of concentration on the telecommunication market in Croatia is influenced by different barriers to enter the market.The analysis finds that Croatian telecommunication industry is in a good position even a few steps ahead of some other transition countries.

Gestión ambiental de canteras de materiales para la construcción en la provincia de Matanzas, Cuba

OpenAIRE

Reynaldo I. Fuentes-Sardiña; Arlene Hernández-Álvarez

2014-01-01

Las canteras de materiales para la construcción al dejar de ser minadas se usan, a menudo, como rellenos "sanitarios" o basureros, generando un problema ambiental. En la provincia de Matanzas más del 75 % de las canteras se encuentran abandonadas. Ello condujo a una investigación en la que, a partir de la identificación y validación de 16 variables, y su evaluación in situ en 250 canteras, pudo obtenerse una base de datos que refleja las características de cada uno de estos espacios. La aplic...

Uso de plantas acuáticas en el tratamiento de agua y aguas residuales en la Universidad de Matanzas "Camilo Cienfuegos"

OpenAIRE

Damarys Santana Diaz

2011-01-01

En el presente trabajo  se analiza el uso de las plantas acuáticas para purificar el agua que se utiliza con fines ornamentales en el Parque de La Juventud de la Universidad de Matanzas "Camilo Cienfuegos", así como para el tratamiento de aguas residuales de dicha instalación. El estudio se realiza a escala de laboratorio y en ambos casos la efectividad del tratamiento se valora a partir de la determinación de parámetros como: demanda química de ...

Amenazas naturales y evaluación subjetiva en la construcción de la vulnerabilidad social ante desastres naturales en Chile y Brasil

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Hugo Romero

2012-07-01

Full Text Available http://dx.doi.org/10.5007/1807-1384.2012v9n1p127   Se analiza desde los puntos de vista objetivo y subjetivo,  algunos de los factores económicos, políticos, sociales y culturales que han participado de la construcción de la vulnerabilidad social con que, comunidades de Chile y Brasil, han enfrentado desastres naturales recientes, que han incluido inundaciones, remociones en masa de sedimentos, terremotos y tsunamis. Factores globales han generado restricciones económicas que se han manifestado localmente en un aumento de la vulnerabilidad social debido a la falta de inversiones públicas  en obras de protección. Adicionalmente, se han observado procesos de exclusión y segregación social, traducidos en una ocupación humana permanente y sistemática de áreas expuestas a las amenazas naturales, en las cuáles se ha ubicado a la población de menores recursos. Las percepciones de los riesgos naturales, las formas de organización social y las expectativas y frustraciones de las comunidades locales constituyen valiosas lecciones que deberían ser las bases del aprendizaje social necesario para evitar que estas tragedias continúen repitiéndose en nuestros países.

Información general sobre la preparación y la respuesta frente a desastres naturales

Science.gov (United States)

Esta página brinda información general sobre la manera en que se puede preparar para enfrentar desastres naturales potenciales y las acciones a tomar después de dichos desastres naturales y otras emergencias ambientales.

Economic costs attributable to smoking in China: update and an 8-year comparison, 2000-2008.

Science.gov (United States)

Yang, Lian; Sung, Hai-Yen; Mao, Zhengzhong; Hu, Teh-wei; Rao, Keqin

2011-07-01

To estimate the health-related economic costs attributable to smoking in China for persons aged 35 and older in 2003 and in 2008 and to compare these costs with the respective results from 2000. A prevalence-based, disease-specific approach was used to estimate smoking-attributable direct and indirect economic costs. The primary data source was the 2003 and 2008 China National Health Services Survey, which contains individual participant's smoking status, healthcare use and expenditures. The total economic cost of smoking in China amounted to $17.1 billion in 2003 and $28.9 billion in 2008 (both measured in 2008 constant US$). Direct smoking-attributable healthcare costs in 2003 and 2008 were $4.2 billion and $6.2 billion, respectively. Indirect economic costs in 2003 and 2008 were $12.9 billion and $22.7 billion, respectively. Compared to 2000, the direct costs of smoking rose by 72% in 2003 and 154% in 2008, while the indirect costs of smoking rose by 170% in 2003 and 376% in 2008. The economic burden of cigarette smoking has increased substantially in China during the past decade and is expected to continue to increase as the national economy and the price of healthcare services grow. Stronger intervention measures against smoking should be taken without delay to reduce the health and financial losses caused by smoking.

Simulando catástrofes : recursos para la enseñanza de los riesgos naturales

OpenAIRE

Brusi i Belmonte, David

2008-01-01

Los riesgos naturales son abordados por distintas asignaturas de ciencias naturales a lo largo de la ESO y el bachillerato. Su tratamiento en el aula es una evidencia del interés y el carácter aplicado de muchos aspectos de las ciencias de la tierra. Para facilitar su enfoque didáctico se proponen algunas actividades prácticas

Spatial extent and dissipation of the deep chlorophyll layer in Lake Ontario during the Lake Ontario lower foodweb assessment, 2003 and 2008

Science.gov (United States)

Watkins, J. M.; Weidel, Brian M.; Rudstam, L. G.; Holek, K. T.

2014-01-01

Increasing water clarity in Lake Ontario has led to a vertical redistribution of phytoplankton and an increased importance of the deep chlorophyll layer in overall primary productivity. We used in situ fluorometer profiles collected in lakewide surveys of Lake Ontario in 2008 to assess the spatial extent and intensity of the deep chlorophyll layer. In situ fluorometer data were corrected with extracted chlorophyll data using paired samples from Lake Ontario collected in August 2008. The deep chlorophyll layer was present offshore during the stratified conditions of late July 2008 with maximum values from 4-13 μg l-1 corrected chlorophyll a at 10 to 17 m depth within the metalimnion. Deep chlorophyll layer was closely associated with the base of the thermocline and a subsurface maximum of dissolved oxygen, indicating the feature's importance as a growth and productivity maximum. Crucial to the deep chlorophyll layer formation, the photic zone extended deeper than the surface mixed layer in mid-summer. The layer extended through most of the offshore in July 2008, but was not present in the easternmost transect that had a deeper surface mixed layer. By early September 2008, the lakewide deep chlorophyll layer had dissipated. A similar formation and dissipation was observed in the lakewide survey of Lake Ontario in 2003.

Relationship between empowerment and wealth: trends and predictors in Kenya between 2003 and 2008-2009.

Science.gov (United States)

Voronca, Delia; Walker, Rebekah J; Egede, Leonard E

2018-06-01

This study aimed to examine the association between women's empowerment and wealth over time in Kenya. Kenya Demographic and Health Surveys (DHS) for 2003 and 2008-2009 were used. Eligible women and men were either married or living with a partner. Two scales were used for empowerment: female participation in decision-making, and attitudes toward domestic violence against female partners. Hierarchical linear models were used based on theoretical blocks of covariates. In a sample of 9847 women and 3207 men, results showed empowerment increased over time. After adjustment, female partners' reporting greater empowerment on either scale remained significantly associated with increased wealth, (urban: β = 0.04, p value wealth in rural regions (β = 0.04, p value wealth in urban regions (β = - 0.08, p value wealth. The association varies by gender of respondent and rural/urban residence.

Estudio del comportamiento de antioxidantes naturales adicionados a poliolefinas en aplicaciones industriales

OpenAIRE

Castro López, María del Mar

2013-01-01

[Resumen] En esta tesis doctoral se ha abordado el uso de antioxidantes naturales como agentes activos para su uso tanto en la protección de polímeros frente a su degradación oxidativa, como en envases activos con el objetivo de proteger tanto al polímero como al alimento envasado. Se han desarrollado varios sistemas cromatográficos y electroforéticos para la identificación y cuantificación de catequinas y quercetina tanto en muestras naturales como en los simulantes alimentarios, y sistemas ...

Economic Costs Attributable to Smoking in China: Update and an 8-year Comparison, 2000–2008

Science.gov (United States)

Yang, Lian; Sung, Hai-Yen; Mao, Zhengzhong; Hu, Teh-wei; Rao, Keqin

2013-01-01

Objective To estimate the health-related economic costs attributable to smoking in China for persons aged 35 and older in 2003 and in 2008 and to compare these costs with the respective results from 2000. Methods A prevalence-based, disease-specific approach was used to estimate smoking-attributable direct and indirect economic costs. The primary data source was the 2003 and 2008 China National Health Services Survey, which contains individual participant’s smoking status, healthcare utilization, and expenditures. Results The total economic cost of smoking in China amounted to $17.1 billion in 2003 and $28.9 billion in 2008 (both measured in 2008 constant US dollars). Direct smoking-attributable healthcare costs in 2003 and 2008 were $4.2 billion and $6.2 billion, respectively. Indirect economic costs in 2003 and 2008 were $12.9 billion and $22.7 billion, respectively. Compared to 2000, the direct costs of smoking rose by 72% in 2003 and 154% in 2008, while the indirect costs of smoking rose by 170% in 2003 and 376% in 2008. Conclusion The economic burden of cigarette smoking has increased substantially in China during the past decade and is expected to continue to increase as the national economy and the price of healthcare services grow. Stronger intervention measures against smoking should be taken without delay to reduce the health and financial losses caused by smoking. PMID:21339491

Los recursos naturales del Perú

OpenAIRE

Oficina Nacional de Evaluación de Recursos Naturales

1985-01-01

Ofrece una aproximación integral para el mejor conocimiento de los recursos naturales del país, proporcionando una visión en conjunto de la riqueza existente y de las posibilidades que puede brindar el territorio nacional. Este estudio consiste en la revisión, catalogación y clasificación metodológica de la información proveniente de diversas fuentes del conocimiento y fundamentalmente de la información generada por la ONERN.

Tuberculosis genitourinaria: Reporte de 9 casos en el Hospital Universitario de Santander, Colombia, 2003-2008 Genitourinary tuberculosis: A report of 9 cases in Santander University Hospital, Colombia, 2003-2008

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Julio Cesar Mantilla Hernández

2009-08-01

Full Text Available Introducción: La tuberculosis constituye aún un problema de salud pública en el mundo, el cual se agrava por la pandemia del SIDA. La tuberculosis extrapulmonar puede comprometer cualquier órgano, siendo el sistema genitourinario uno de los más afectados, por lo cual es importante conocer su magnitud en cada institución. Objetivos: Caracterizar la tuberculosis genitourinaria desde el punto de vista epidemiológico, clínico y paraclínico de los pacientes en los cuales la enfermedad constituyó la causa básica de muerte y su compromiso genitourinario fue un hallazgo principal de autopsia. Metodología: Estudio descriptivo retrospectivo realizado entre el 2003 y el 2008 mediante revisión de los protocolos de autopsias efectuadas en el Departamento de Patología de la Universidad Industrial de Santander, de los pacientes que fallecieron a causa de tuberculosis en el Hospital Universitario de Santander, Colombia. Resultados: Se encontraron 9 casos, con rango de edad entre 20 y 66 años, de los cuales 8 correspondían a hombres y 5 se asociaron con síndrome de inmunodeficiencia adquirida. Las manifestaciones clínicas más frecuentes fueron los síntomas constitucionales, seguido de los respiratorios, los urinarios, el dolor lumbar y los testiculares. El diagnóstico se realizó a través de los hallazgos anatomopatológicos durante la autopsia. Conclusiones: La tuberculosis genitourinaria es una forma severa de tuberculosis extra pulmonar, que por la poca especificidad del cuadro clínico, tiene un índice de sospecha bajo, lo que resulta inconveniente, ya que no permite diagnóstico oportuno, ni tratamiento adecuado para prevenir daños severos irreversibles. Salud UIS 2009; 41: 181-196Introduction: Tuberculosis continues to be a serious public health problem worldwide, which increases with AIDS pandemic. Extra-pulmonary tuberculosis can compromise any organ, genitourinary system being one of the most affected therefore it is important to

The Tail Exponent for Stock Returns in Bursa Malaysia for 2003-2008

Science.gov (United States)

Rusli, N. H.; Gopir, G.; Usang, M. D.

2010-07-01

A developed discipline of econophysics that has been introduced is exhibiting the application of mathematical tools that are usually applied to the physical models for the study of financial models. In this study, an analysis of the time series behavior of several blue chip and penny stock companies in Main Market of Bursa Malaysia has been performed. Generally, the basic quantity being used is the relative price changes or is called the stock price returns, contains daily-sampled data from the beginning of 2003 until the end of 2008, containing 1555 trading days recorded. The aim of this paper is to investigate the tail exponent in tails of the distribution for blue chip stocks and penny stocks financial returns in six years period. By using a standard regression method, it is found that the distribution performed double scaling on the log-log plot of the cumulative probability of the normalized returns. Thus we calculate α for a small scale return as well as large scale return. Based on the result obtained, it is found that the power-law behavior for the probability density functions of the stock price absolute returns P(z)˜z-α with values lying inside and outside the Lévy stable regime with values α>2. All the results were discussed in detail.

Polielectrolitos Orgánicos Naturales en el Tratamiento de Agua para Consumo Humano

OpenAIRE

Valeriano Mamani, Jappsem; Matos Chamorro, Rodrigo Alfredo; Universidad Peruana Unión

2013-01-01

El objetivo de este artículo es revisar el uso de los polímeros naturales en el tratamiento de agua para consumo humano, así como los mecanismos de coagulación y floculación, y los compuestos naturales más utilizados. Las fuentes de agua pueden estar contaminadas con materiales inorgánicos, en forma natural o en combinación con otros (sales disueltas, materiales suspendidos como las arcillas, silicio) y materiales orgánicos (células o algas microbianas, zooplancton, fitoplancton, bacterias, v...

Cálculo de frecuencias naturales en vigas elásticas, un estudio comparativo

OpenAIRE

Salinas Gutiérrez, Rogelio

2003-01-01

El estudio de vibraciones mecánicas de vigas y el conocimiento de sus frecuencias naturales de vibración han sido de sumo interés dentro del área de mecánica de estructuras. El comportamiento vibratorio de una viga al ser sometida a una o varias fuerzas puede modelarse por medio de una ecuación diferencial parcial (EDP) que involucra derivadas parciales tanto en la variable tiempo como en el espacio. La importancia de conocer las frecuencias naturales radica en que si una frecuencia de excita...

Food Security and Cardiovascular Disease Risk Among Adults in the United States: Findings From the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 2003?2008

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Ford, Earl S.

2013-01-01

Introduction Little is known about the relationship between food security status and predicted 10-year cardiovascular disease risk. The objective of this study was to examine the associations between food security status and cardiovascular disease risk factors and predicted 10-year risk in a national sample of US adults. Methods A cross-sectional analysis using data from 10,455 adults aged 20 years or older from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2003?2008 was conducted. Fou...

Interannual variability in water storage over 2003-2008 in the Amazon Basin from GRACE space gravimetry, in situ river level and precipitation data

OpenAIRE

Xavier , L.; Becker , M.; Cazenave , A.; Longuevergne , L.; Llovel , W.; Rotunno Filho , Otto Correa

2012-01-01

International audience; We investigate the interannual variability over 2003-2008 of different hydrological parameters in the Amazon river basin: (1) vertically-integrated water storage from the GRACE space gravimetry mission, (2) surface water level of the Amazon River and its tributaries from in situ gauge stations, and (3) precipitation. We analyze the spatio-temporal evolution of total water storage from GRACE and in situ river level along the Amazon River and its main tributaries and not...

Las catástrofes naturales

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Alberto Capacci

2015-01-01

Full Text Available Durante los últimos cuarenta años, la cantidad de víctimas por catástrofes naturales se ha quintuplicado en el mundo. El aumento incontrolado de la población, especialmente de la urbana, así como la situación socioeconómica, medioambiental y política de algunas regiones, son las principales causas de esta situación. El objetivo del presente trabajo es dar una idea de las principales cuestiones (teóricas, tipológicas, dimensionales y de costos ligadas a dichas catástrofes, las cuales pueden estimular reflexiones, desde consideraciones de tipo teórico hasta aquellas más prácticas y operativas.

A preliminary carbon and nitrogen isotopic investigation of bone collagen from skeletal remains recovered from a Pre-Columbian burial site, Matanzas Province, Cuba

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Buhay, W.M.; Chinique de Armas, Y.; Rodriguez Suárez, R.; Arredondo, C.; Smith, D.G.; Armstrong, S.D.; Roksandic, M.

2013-01-01

Highlights: ► Collagen isotope (carbon and nitrogen) based reconstruction of paleodiets. ► Human remains recovered from Canimar Abajo, Matanzas Province, Cuba. ► Individuals consumed marine resource diets supplemented with terrestrial plants. ► Trophic level and isotope shifts for breastfed and weaned infant/juveniles (I/J). ► I/J evidence of weaning through distinct δ 15 N enrichments and δ 13 C depletions. - Abstract: This preliminary study investigates the diet of a population of humans (n = 28) recovered from a shell-matrix site of Canimar Abajo on the Canimar River, Matanzas Province, Cuba. The site is characterized by two cemetery levels separated by a layer of occupation/ritual/midden activity that lasted 1.5 ka. Stable C (δ 13 C) and N (δ 15 N) isotope analysis of human bone collagen samples obtained from individuals (7 infant/juveniles, and 21 adults) from both cemetery levels was conducted in order to reconstruct the diet of these two populations, investigate the relative importance of marine vs. terrestrial resources, and reveal any sex- and age-related distinctions in their food sources. Initial indications suggest that individuals from both cemetery levels consumed diets that were marine resource intensive but also supplemented with varied additions of terrestrial (mostly plant) resources. This supplementation is particularly evident in the later cemetery population. Though there are no significant differences in diet according to sex, there is a trophic level and terrestrial-based shift for breastfed and weaning infant/juveniles. The infant/juveniles showed evidence of being weaned through distinct δ 15 N enrichments and δ 13 C depletions over adult females

Epidemiología de la retinopatía del prematuro en Medellín, 2003-2008 = Retinopathy of prematurity: epidemiology in Medellín, Colombia, 2003-2008

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Giraldo Restrepo, Mónica María

2011-09-01

Full Text Available Objetivo: describir las características clínicas y demográficas y los factores de riesgo de neonatos con retinopatía de la prematuridad (ROP, detectados en el programa de tamización de la Clínica Universitaria Bolivariana, en la ciudad de Medellín, Colombia, durante los años 2003 a 2008.Metodología: se revisaron los registros de 1.080 neonatos. Los criterios para tamización fueron: 32 o menos semanas de edad gestacional (EG y 1.600 gramos o menos de peso al nacer (PN. Se creó una base de datos en la que se registraron las variables demográficas, algunos factores de riesgo maternos y neonatales, la clasificación de la ROP y el tratamiento requerido. Se analizaron y compararon los resultados con la epidemiología regional e internacional.Resultados: la prevalencia global de ROP fue del 18,2% (197 neonatos, con EG media de 29,53 semanas y PN medio de 1.230 gramos. En menores de 1.250 gramos dicha prevalencia fue del 40%. Los factores de riesgo más frecuentes fueron la enfermedad de membrana hialina, la sepsis (p = 0,00 y la preeclampsia; 125 de los 197 niños (63,5% recibieron terapia con oxígeno (p = 0,00. El 10,2 % de los neonatos con ROP requirieron tratamiento quirúrgico.Conclusión: con el presente estudio, se aportan datos estadísticos actualizados referentes a la prevalencia de ROP y a los factores de riesgo en nuestra población.

Cervical cancer incidence and mortality in Fiji 2003-2009.

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Kuehn, Rebecca; Fong, James; Taylor, Richard; Gyaneshwar, Rajanishwar; Carter, Karen

2012-08-01

Previous studies indicate that cervical cancer is the second most frequent cancer and most common cause of cancer mortality among women in Fiji. There is little published data on the epidemiology of cervical cancer in Pacific countries. To determine the incidence 2003-2009 of, and mortality 2003-2008 from, cervical cancer by ethnicity and period in Fiji, identify evidence of secular change and relate these data to other Pacific countries, Australia and New Zealand. Counts of incident cervical cancer cases (2003-2009) and unit record mortality data (2003-2008) from the Fiji Ministry of Health were used to calculate age-standardised (to the WHO World Population) cervical cancer incidence and mortality rates, and cervical or uterine cancer mortality rates, by ethnicity, with 95% confidence intervals. On the basis of comparison of cervical cancer mortality with cervical or uterine cancer mortality in Fiji with similar populations, misclassification of cervical cancer deaths is unlikely. There is no evidence of secular change in cervical cancer incidence and mortality rates for the study period. For women of all ages and ethnicities, the age-standardised incidence rate of cervical cancer (2003-2009) was 27.6 per 100,000 (95% CI 25.4-29.8) and the age-standardised mortality rate (2003-2008) was 23.9 per 100,000 (95% CI 21.5-26.4). The mortality/incidence ratio was 87%. Fijians had statistically significant higher age-standardised incidence and mortality rates than Indians. Fiji has one of the highest estimated rates of cervical cancer incidence and mortality in the Pacific region. Cervical cancer screening in Fiji needs to be expanded and strengthened. © 2012 The Authors ANZJOG © 2012 The Royal Australian and New Zealand College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists.

La gestión local de los recursos naturales

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Field S., Leonard

1999-01-01

El concepto de la gestión de los recursos naturales no es necesariamente estático y fraccional, pero nos invita a esta interpretación: hay tantos recursos; hay que sostenerlos y sacarlos el mejor provecho posible y, cuando sea del caso, lograr un adecuado equilibrio entre el aprovechamiento y la conservación del recurso.

Cogestión de recursos naturales en la Región Atlántica de Colombia

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Zulma Martínez Rodríguez

2004-01-01

Full Text Available La gestión de los recursos naturales constituye un problema transfronterizo e interdisciplinario que ha estado en la base de muchos conflictos. Abarca no sólo el campo biológico sino el social, económico y político. La ineficiencia de la gestión de los recursos naturales en Colombia es hoy en día crítica, particularmente en la Región de la Costa Atlántica, como se muestra en el presente artículo. Desde una perspectiva histórica, multidisciplinar y de análisis de actores en los entornos local, nacional e internacional, la autora examina esta problemática, aplicando los conceptos de biodiversidad, ecoturismo y áreas protegidas (parques naturales. Centrándose en una estrategia de coecoturismo, como una opción efectiva para el mejoramiento de la gestión de los recursos naturales, analiza el proceso de participación y fortalecimiento (empowerment de las comunidades de la Costa Atlántica en el proceso de gestión de áreas protegidas, mediante la canalización de recursos financieros y técnicos de organismos internacionales en interacción con instituciones del Estado y comunidades locales.

Hurricane Irma's Effects on Dune and Beach Morphology at Matanzas Inlet, Atlantic Coast of North Florida: Impacts and Inhibited Recovery?

Science.gov (United States)

Adams, P. N.; Conlin, M. P.; Johnson, H. A.; Paniagua-Arroyave, J. F.; Woo, H. B.; Kelly, B. P.

2017-12-01

During energetic coastal storms, surge from low atmospheric pressure, high wave set-up, and increased wave activity contribute to significant morphologic change within the dune and upper beach environments of barrier island systems. Hurricane Irma made landfall on the southwestern portion of the Florida peninsula, as a category 4 storm on Sept 10th, 2017 and tracked northward along the axis of the Florida peninsula for two days before dissipating over the North American continent. Observations along the North Florida Atlantic coast recorded significant wave heights of nearly 7 m and water levels that exceeded predictions by 2 meters on the early morning of Sept. 11th. At Fort Matanzas National Monument, the dune and upper beach adjacent to Matanzas Inlet experienced landward retreat during the storm, diminishing the acreage of dune and scrub habitat for federally-listed endangered and threatened animal species, including the Anastasia beach mouse, gopher tortoises, and several protected shore birds. Real Time Kinematic (RTK) GPS surveys, conducted prior to the passage of the storm (Sept. 8) and immediately after the storm (Sept. 13) document dune scarp retreat >10 m in places and an average retreat of 7.8 m (+/- 5.2 m) of the 2-m beach contour, attributable to the event, within the study region. Although it is typical to see sedimentary recovery at the base of dunes within weeks following an erosive event of this magnitude, our follow up RTK surveys, two weeks (Sept. 26) and five weeks (Oct. 19) after the storm, document continued dune retreat and upper beach lowering. Subsequent local buoy observations during the offshore passage of Hurricanes Jose, Maria (Sept. 17 and 23, respectively) and several early-season Nor'easters recorded wave heights well above normal (2-3 meters) from the northeast. The lack of recovery may reveal a threshold vulnerability of the system, in which the timing of multiple moderate-to-high wave events, in the aftermath of a land falling

La geografía de los recursos naturales en Cuba: potencial natural y combinaciones territoriales

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Ana María Luna

1999-01-01

Este trabajo tiene como objetivo elaborar una imagen geográfica sintetizada de la distribución regional de los recursos naturales en Cuba- Para ello, fue necesario transitar las posturas teórico-metodológicas que abordan este tema de manera unificada. En tal sentido, el cálculo del "potencial natural" y la clasificación de las "combinaciones territoriales de los recursos naturales", posiciones que emergen en la escuela rusa de Geografía, representan los soportes cognoscitivos esenciales de es...

Neighborhood Racial Diversity and Metabolic Syndrome: 2003-2008 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey.

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Li, Kelin; Wen, Ming; Fan, Jessie X

2018-03-30

This study investigated the independent association between neighborhood racial/ethnic diversity and metabolic syndrome among US adults, and focused on how this association differed across individual and neighborhood characteristics (i.e., race/ethnicity, sex, age, urbanity, neighborhood poverty). Objectively-measured biomarker data from 2003 to 2008 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey were linked to census-tract profiles from 2000 decennial census (N = 10,122). Multilevel random intercept logistic regression models were estimated to examine the contextual effects of tract-level racial/ethnic diversity on individual risks of metabolic syndrome. Overall, more than 20% of the study population were identified as having metabolic syndrome, although the prevalence also varied across demographic subgroups and specific biomarkers. Multilevel analyses showed that increased racial/ethnic diversity within a census tract was associated with decreased likelihood of having metabolic syndrome (OR 0.71, 95% CI 0.52-0.96), particularly among female (OR 0.64; 95% CI 0.43-0.96), young adults (OR 0.60; 95% CI 0.39-0.93), and residents living in urban (OR 0.67; 95% CI 0.48-0.93) or poverty neighborhoods (OR 0.54; 95% CI 0.31-0.95). The findings point to the potential benefits of neighborhood racial/ethnic diversity on individual health risks.

Dinámica empresarial en la industria argentina. Un análisis a nivel provincial para el período 2003-2008

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Calá, Carla Daniela; Rotondo, Sebastián

2010-01-01

El período de crecimiento económico comprendido entre los años 2003 y 2008, interrumpió un prolongado proceso de desindustrialización del tejido empresarial argentino, que había comenzado a mediados de la década del '70 y se había profundizado durante los años '90 hasta la crisis de 2001. Esta nueva etapa de expansión no sólo presentó una fuerte recuperación del empleo industrial -incluso, por momentos, liderando el crecimiento del empleo registrado- en las empresas que sobrevivieron a la cri...

Lecciones aprendidas durante desastres naturales: 1970-2007

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Raquel E. Cohen

2008-01-01

Full Text Available Los desastres naturales impactan vidas y propiedades, devastando comunidades por largos periodos. En este articulo se presenta, cómo algunos conocimientos basados en experiencias y el avance de la ciencia biológica, psicosocial y de la conducta, siguen ayudándonos a entender el comportamiento del sobreviviente. La capacidad de poder aplicar lineamientos y operaciones de ayuda, obtener datos y prácticas basadas en evidencias, así como estudios empíricos en el ámbito de desastres, es un proceso evolutivo para los profesionales en este campo.

Las ideologias, las ciencias naturales y sus implicaciones en la educacion cientifica

Science.gov (United States)

Lozada Roldan, Sandra

Este estudio ausculto las concepciones epistemologicas de los docentes de ciencia del nivel secundario con relacion a las ideologias y las ciencias naturales. Tambien examino las posiciones de los docentes ante asuntos publicos relacionados a la ciencia. Para propositos de este estudio se diseno y se valido el cuestionario con el cual se obtuvieron los resultados. La investigacion es de tipo cuantitativa y se utilizo como diseno la encuesta. El cuestionario se administro en varias actividades de desarrollo profesional para maestros de ciencia. Un total de 78 maestros del nivel secundario respondieron el cuestionario. Para analizar los datos obtenidos se utilizaron estadisticas descriptivas como la distribucion de frecuencia y el porciento. Ademas se establecieron codigos y categorias para describir las posiciones de los maestros ante asuntos publicos relacionados a la ciencia. Los analisis demostraron que entre los docentes participantes de este estudio prevalecen ciertas concepciones epistemologicas adecuadas acerca de las ciencias naturales, a la luz de la literatura consultada. Entre estas concepciones se destacan las siguientes: a) la filosofia materialista de las ciencias naturales, b) la naturaleza tentativa y constructivista del conocimiento cientifico, c) el uso de una metodologia que garantiza cierto grado de objetividad y con el que se justifican y validan los enunciados cientificos y d) la funcion instrumental del conocimiento cientifico. Sin embargo, entre los docentes participantes de este estudio prevalecen ciertas concepciones epistemologicas erroneas acerca de las ciencias naturales, a la luz de la literatura consultada. Entre estas concepciones se destacan las siguientes: a) tendencia inductivista en el que las teorias cientificas comienzan con observaciones que establecen generalizaciones, b) secuencia jerarquica de la metodologia cientifica. Ademas, entre los docentes participantes de este estudio prevalecen concepciones epistemologicas adecuadas

Fluoruro en aguas minerales naturales envasadas en España y prevención de la caries dental

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Francisco Maraver

2015-01-01

Conclusiones: Las concentraciones de fluoruro en las aguas minerales naturales comercializadas en España muestran una gran variabilidad. Dado el creciente consumo de las aguas minerales naturales en España, este tipo de información es de suma importancia para poder hacer una correcta utilización de flúor en la prevención primaria de la caries dental.

Managing GHG emissions : performance to the end of 2003 and forecast to 2008

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

2004-10-01

This paper presents statistics of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions for Shell Canada Ltd., one of the largest integrated oil and gas companies in Canada. Strategies for future emissions reductions were also presented. Since 1995, Shell has both set and met targets to reduce emissions in base businesses. They have increased their target reductions to a further 6 per cent by 2008. Strategies included reductions in energy consumption and improvements in energy efficiency. Challenges presented by new governmental regulations were discussed. Alternate energy sources are being considered as a means of expanding the Shell energy business portfolio. Principles and management plans guiding the emissions reduction strategy were presented, as well as details of the Shell management structure and climate change advisory panel. Figures and statistics of emissions reductions were provided in relation to changes in business activity; energy efficiency; formation gas; energy in declining fields; and fuel mix. An emissions forecast to 2010 was presented with newly adjusted goals. In 2003, overall refinery energy efficiency improved by over 4 per cent. Statistics of refinery energy intensity were presented. Exploration and production businesses achieved a reduction of 6 per cent, with energy intensity per unit of production presented. Oil sands projects achieved a GHG emissions intensity of 69 kilograms per barrel of bitumen. In addition, the voluntary GHG management plan introduced a number of offsets including tree planting programs and the purchase of voluntary GHG credits. The methodology used to calculate GHG emissions was also provided. tabs., figs

La gestión eficaz de los recursos naturales para disminuir los impactos negativos de la urbanizacion

OpenAIRE

Higueras García, Esther

2013-01-01

lA GESTION EFICAZ DE LOS RECURSOS NATURALES PARA DISMINUIR EL IMPACTO DE LA URBANIZACION .- La gestión de los recursos naturales, la capacidad de carga .- Adecuación entre la ordenación y el medio .- La densidad y sus consecuencias ambientales .- La paradoja de la realidad construida madrileña: espacios compactos con densidades dispersas. .- La densidad sostenible. .- La gestión sostenible del agua en los entornos urbanos

Tendência temporal de asma em crianças e adolescentes no Brasil no período de 1998 a 2008 Tendencia temporal de asma en niños y adolescentes en Brasil en el período de 1998 a 2008 Time trend of asthma in children and adolescents in Brazil, 1998-2008

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Fernando César Wehrmeister

2012-04-01

Full Text Available OBJETIVO: Analisar as tendências de asma em crianças e adolescentes entre 1998 e 2008 no Brasil. MÉTODOS: Foram analisados os dados de prevalência de asma da Pesquisa Nacional por Amostra de Domicílios, dos anos de 1998, 2003 e 2008. A amostra foi constituída por 141.402, 144.443 e 134.032 indivíduos em 1998, 2003 e 2008, respectivamente, e a análise foi ajustada pelo desenho amostral. As tendências de asma foram descritas por sexo, regiões do Brasil e local de residência, em crianças (zero a nove anos e adolescentes (dez a 19 anos. RESULTADOS: A prevalência de asma entre crianças foi 7,7% em 1998, 8,1% em 2003 e 8,5% em 2008, com um incremento anual de 1%. O maior aumento anual foi observado nas regiões Sudeste e Norte (1,4%. Entre o grupo de adolescentes, a prevalência de asma foi de 4,4% em 1998, 5,0% em 2003 e 5,5% em 2008, com aumento de 2,2% ao ano. Na região Nordeste, o aumento anual na prevalência de asma foi de 3,5%. Os maiores incrementos foram observados entre os meninos e entre moradores da zona rural. CONCLUSÕES: Apesar de a asma apresentar um decréscimo em países emergentes, no Brasil os resultados apontam um incremento da asma entre crianças e adolescentes no período de 1998 e 2008, especialmente na zona rural.OBJETIVO: Analizar las tendencias de asma en niños y adolescentes entre 1998 y 2008 en Brasil. MÉTODOS: Se analizaron los datos de prevalencia de asma de la Investigación Nacional por Muestra de Domicilios, de los años de 1998, 2003 y 2008. La muestra fue constituida por 141.402, 144.443 y 134.032 individuos en 1998, 2003 y 2008, respectivamente y el análisis fue ajustado por el diseño muestral. Las tendencias de asma fueron descritas por sexo, regiones de Brasil y lugar de residencia, en niños (cero a nueve años y adolescentes (diez a 19 años. RESULTADOS: La prevalencia de asma entre niños fue de 7,7% en 1998, 8,1% en 2003 y 8,5% en 2008, con un incremento anual de 1%. El mayor aumento anual

Etnografía de la gestión colectiva de políticas estatales en organizaciones de desocupados de La Matanza-Gran Buenos Aires

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Virginia Manzano

2007-12-01

Full Text Available En este artículo presento resultados de un trabajo de campo antropológico que desarrollé en el distrito de La Matanza, Gran Buenos Aires, entre abril de 2002 y marzo de 2006. En ese marco, observé las actividades cotidianas de grupos barriales vinculados con organizaciones de desocupados. En este sentido, el objetivo general del trabajo es analizar las prácticas cotidianas que se entretejen en función de la gestión colectiva de programas estatales. En particular, reconstruyo las actividades de un grupo de personas pertenecientes a una de las organizaciones estudiadas, quienes se encargaban de las tareas administrativas requeridas por las normativas de los programas estatales de empleo. Muestro la complejidad del proceso de especialización técnica y apropiación de saberes que torna sumamente difusa la frontera teórica entre Estado y movimientos sociales.In this article, I show some of the results of an anthropological fieldwork that I carried out in La Matanza, Greater Buenos Aires Area, between April 2002 and March 2006. In that frame, I observed the everyday activities developed by neighbourhood groups linked to unemployed people's organizations. In that regard, this article aims at analyzing the everyday practices that are entwined with the collective negotiation of State-run programs. Particularly, this article reconstructs the activities of a group of people belonging to one of organizations under study, who were in charge of the administrative tasks required by the normative that framed the State-run employment programs. The article contends that the complexity of that process of technical specialization and knowledge appropriation turns the theoretical frontiers between State and social movements extremely blurred.

Gestión ambiental de canteras de materiales para la construcción en la provincia de Matanzas, Cuba

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Reynaldo I. Fuentes-Sardiña

2014-03-01

Full Text Available Las canteras de materiales para la construcción al dejar de ser minadas se usan, a menudo, como rellenos "sanitarios" o basureros, generando un problema ambiental. En la provincia de Matanzas más del 75 % de las canteras se encuentran abandonadas. Ello condujo a una investigación en la que, a partir de la identificación y validación de 16 variables, y su evaluación in situ en 250 canteras, pudo obtenerse una base de datos que refleja las características de cada uno de estos espacios. La aplicación del análisis de agrupamiento (método de Ward a los datos permitió obtener cuatro grupos de manejo ambiental. A cada grupo se le asignó posibles variantes de uso, así como propuestas de objetivos y programas para el manejo, lo cual facilitó la elaboración de un procedimiento para la rehabilitación de estos espacios degradados

Comportamiento de las variables meteorológicas para el monitoreo del moho azul del tabaco durante las campañas 1999-2000, 2000-2001, 2001-2002, en la Provincia de Matanzas

OpenAIRE

Nilián Fernández Rosado; Milagros Alfonso Cabrera

2010-01-01

La provincia de Matanzas, al igual que muchos lugares del país, tiene poca  experiencia en el manejo del cultivo del tabaco (Nicotiana tabacum L.), por lo que la incorporación de todos los sectores, a su manejo integrado es decisiva, especialmente ante la presencia  de plagas y enfermedades en las que su aparición, establecimiento y diseminación se relacionan directamente con el comportamiento  de las variables meteorológicas;  tal es el ...

LOS TEMAS FÍSICO-NATURALES EN LIBROS DE TEXTO Y LA ENSEÑANZA DE LA GEOGRAFÍA

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Eliana Marta Barbosa de Morais

2014-12-01

Full Text Available En este artículo se discute cómo tratan los contenidos relieve, rocas y suelos en el contexto de las temáticas físico-naturales los profesores y los libros de texto en la enseñanza de la Geografía. Desde este enfoque se evalúa en qué medida la enseñanza de los temas físico-naturales ayuda a los estudiantes a llevar a cabo el análisis crítico de sus vidas cotidianas. Por lo tanto, desde una metodología de investigación cualitativa se realizaron entrevistas a sesenta profesores de Geografía y se analizaron los libros de texto de Geografía aprobados por el PNLD/2008 en Brasil. Con las entrevistas se identificó el perfil de los docentes graduados en la Geografía que enseñan ese curso en la educación básica, su formación inicial y continua. Asimismo procuramos comprender cómo enseñan los temas físicos-naturales. Con el análisis de los libros de texto averiguamos que colaboraciones ofrecen ellos a los maestros para planear sus actividades. A lo largo de este estudio se argumenta que la formación teórico-metodológica, el conocimiento de las orientaciones curricular y de sólidos materiales de apoyo pedagógico son claves para que el trabajo de los profesores sea de calidad. No presente artigo temos o intuito de discutir como os docentes e os livros didáticos abordam os conteúdos relevo, rochas e solos no contexto das temáticas físico-naturais da Geografia escolar. A partir dessa abordagem avaliamos em que medida o ensino encaminhado em torno das temáticas físico-naturais na Geografia Escolar auxiliam os alunos a realizar uma leitura crítica do seu cotidiano. Assim, assentadas na metodologia de pesquisa qualitativa realizamos entrevistas com sessenta docentes da Rede Municipal e Estadual de Educação de Goiânia/Goiás e analisamos os livros didáticos de Geografia do 6º ano aprovadas pelo PNLD de 2008. Com a realização das entrevistas identificamos o perfil dos professores graduados em Geografia que ministram

Aprovechamiento sostenible de los recursos naturales del Valle de Valdavia (Palencia)

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Doncel Macho, Raúl

2012-01-01

Búsqueda de soluciones al desarrollo de una Comarca azotada por las dolencias comunes del medio rural en España, a través del aprovechamiento sostenible de unos valiosos recursos naturales, infrautilizados a día de hoy. Economía Aplicada Máster en Desarrollo Económico Regional, Local y Gestión del Territorio

Los núcleos didácticos integradores como alternativa para el aprendizaje de las Ciencias Naturales

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Giolvys Basulto- González

2017-11-01

Full Text Available En el proceso de enseñanza - aprendizaje de las Ciencias Naturales en la formación de profesores es frecuente que los mismos memoricen mecánicamente los conocimientos sin relacionarlos entre sí y con los antecedentes cognoscitivos que poseen. En el presente trabajo se presentan los núcleos integradores a trabajar en el proceso de enseñanza - aprendizaje de las Ciencias Naturales como vía para lograr en los estudiantes el desarrollo de un pensamiento reflexivo e interdisciplinario, así como de las habilidades en correspondencia con el modo de actuación profesional pedagógico.

LA RESPUESTA A LOS PELIGROS NATURALES Y AL CAMBIO CLIMÁTICO EN EUROPA

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Philipp Schmidt-Thomé

2009-01-01

Full Text Available Los peligros naturales son la causa de desastres terribles y también la fuente de importantes ventajas naturales, por lo que desempeñan un papel crucial al crear tanto restricciones como oportunidades para el desarrollo territorial. Por lo pronto, si la comparamos con el resto del mundo, probablemente Europa no sea propensa a sufrir los efectos más catastróficos de los desastres, aunque este continente está afectado por algunos de los más considerables. En el presente estudio, se analizan los riesgos resultantes, incluidos los efectos potenciales del cambio climático en toda Europa, con el objeto de crear medidas adecuadas para sostener el desarrollo territorial. La ordenación territorial constituye un elemento destacado en la gestión de los riesgos y de las repercusiones del cambio climático. La creciente importancia de los peligros naturales en el entorno vital ha provocado un aumento de las prácticas nacionales de ordenación territorial en las últimas décadas y, en la actualidad, también centra la atención de la Unión Europea. Aquí examinamos unaincorporación más sólida de los peligros, los impactos del cambio climático y los riesgos resultantes en la ordenación territorial y en la gestión pública de los riesgos en el ámbito nacional y local y además esbozamos propuestas para el ámbito europeo.

Metodología para determinar el potencial de los recursos turísticos naturales en el Estado de Oaxaca, México

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Óscar Reyes Pérez

2005-01-01

Full Text Available El presente trabajo analiza los elementos naturales y la infraestructura del estado de Oaxaca para el desarrollo de la actividad turística. En un primer apartado, se mencionan los tipos de atractivos naturales que posee el territorio oaxaqueño. En una segunda sección, se describe el proceso metodológico que se utilizó para la valoración cuantitativa de los bienes y servicios turísticos de los distritos que integran a esta entidad federativa. Posteriormente, se describen las particularidades turístico-naturales encontradas. Por último, se demuestra que, desde la perspectiva de esta actividad económica, la riqueza natural de este estado se desaprovecha al no contar con una infraestructura turística adecuada.

Las redes sociales en la gestión de los recursos naturales: ¿qué hay que aprender de una perspectiva estructural?

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Örjan Bodin

2017-05-01

Full Text Available Las redes sociales entre actores y grupos de interés están recibiendo cada vez más atención en los estudios sobre la gestión de los recursos naturales, especialmente en los que se refieren a la gestión adaptativa basada en diferentes formas de participación y cogestión. Las redes sociales se han concebido principalmente como recursos que habilitan la colaboración y la coordinación entre diferentes actores. Aquí, continuamos la discusión iniciada por Newman y Dale (2005, que destacaron el hecho de que no todas las redes sociales son creadas iguales. Discutimos la relación entre algunas características estructurales y las funciones de las redes sociales con respecto al manejo de los recursos naturales, centrándonos en las implicaciones estructurales que a menudo se pasan por alto al estudiar las redes en el contexto del manejo de los recursos naturales. Presentamos varias medidas que se utilizan para cuantificar las características estructurales de las redes sociales y vincularlas con una serie de procesos como el aprendizaje, el liderazgo y la confianza, que se consideran importantes en el manejo de recursos naturales. Se muestra esquemáticamente que puede haber yuxtaposiciones entre las diferentes características estructurales que necesitan ser equilibradas en lo que nos imaginamos como estructuras de redes sociales conducentes a la cogestión adaptativa de los recursos naturales. Sostenemos que es esencial desarrollar una comprensión de los efectos que las diferentes características estructurales de las redes sociales tienen sobre la gestión de los recursos naturales.

MARCO FÍSICO Y RIESGOS NATURALES DE LA CIUDAD DE ALICANTE

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Antonio Gil Olcina

1991-01-01

Full Text Available La ciudad de Alicante posee un envidiable capital de situación y disfruta determinadas ventajas climáticas, que configuran un marco físico favorable y grato, si bien no exento de riesgos naturales; entre éstos descuellan la sismicidad y, sobre todo, los diluvios. Mientras la primera constituye una amenaza latente y escasamente sentida, no sucede igual con las inundaciones, puesto que el perí odo de retorno de los aluviones que producen daños, más o menos cuantiosos, en Alicante es breve; estadísticamente, la capital queda anegada cada diecinueve meses, es decir, por término medio, 0,6 veces al año. Una porción considerable del casco urbano ocupa lechos mayores y ordinarios de un conjunto de barrancos, que, con motivo de lluvias intensas, recobran su antigua función. En resumen, el secular problema de inundaciones que todavía aqueja a la ciudad de Alicante tiene hondas raíces naturales y ha sido agravado en el transcurso del tiempo por actuaciones humanas de claro signo negativo.

Una aproximación multidimensional a la valoración y evaluación de los recursos naturales

OpenAIRE

Carvajal Serna, Luis Fernando

2003-01-01

Resumen: Este trabajo presenta tres enfoques que contemplan la valoración, evaluación y gestión de los recursos naturales con énfasis en el manejo integral del agua. El primero es una revisión de los trabajos realizados a nivel mundial acerca de la valoración de los servicios de los ecosistemas y sistemas ambientales (capítulos 2 y 3). En este aspecto es fundamental considerar conceptos de economía de recursos naturales renovables y no renovables. En general la tendencia conduce a establecer ...

Socioeconomic inequalities in dental health services in Sao Paulo, Brazil, 2003-2008

NARCIS (Netherlands)

C. Monteiro (Camila); M.A. Beenackers (Marielle); Goldbaum, M. (Moisés); De Azevedo Barros, M.B. (Marilisa Berti); Gianini, R.J. (Reinaldo José); Cesar, C.L.G. (Chester Luiz Galvão); J.P. Mackenbach (Johan)

2016-01-01

markdownabstract__Background:__ Access to, and use of, dental health services in Brazil have improved since 2003. The increase of private health care plans and the implementation of the "Smiling Brazil" Program, the largest public oral health care program in the world, could have influenced this

Amenazas naturales y evaluación subjetiva en la construcción de la vulnerabilidad social ante desastres naturales en Chile y Brasil

OpenAIRE

Hugo Romero; Magaly Mendonça

2012-01-01

http://dx.doi.org/10.5007/1807-1384.2012v9n1p127   Se analiza desde los puntos de vista objetivo y subjetivo,  algunos de los factores económicos, políticos, sociales y culturales que han participado de la construcción de la vulnerabilidad social con que, comunidades de Chile y Brasil, han enfrentado desastres naturales recientes, que han incluido inundaciones, remociones en masa de sedimentos, terremotos y tsunamis. Factores globales han generado restricciones económicas que se han m...

World Copper Market Outlook: 2003-2014

OpenAIRE

Florela Stoian

2015-01-01

This paper presents synthetically the copper market outlook (demand, supply, and prices) during 2003-2014, highlighting the impact of economic crisis of 2008-2009 on the world copper market. During the crisis, the decline in demand caused increases in excess supply of metal, as the supply has followed an upward trend, contributing to the imbalances of the copper market and putting pressure on stock prices at LME London Metal Exchange.

Enseñar filosofía de las ciencias y enseñar ciencias naturales: diferentes relaciones

OpenAIRE

Couló Fernández, A.

2009-01-01

Esta ponencia propone una reflexión sobre las relaciones entre enseñanza de la filosofía y enseñanza de las ciencias naturales, en el marco del campo de investigación NOS (NdC). A partir de considerar cuatro posibles modalidades para la incorporación de contenidos de epistemología – filosofia de la ciencia en la enseñanza de las ciencias naturales, y a partir de considerar la buena enseñanza de la Filosofía como fuertemente vinculada a su “anomalía disciplinar”, es decir a su condición de car...

Papel de la teoría de conjuntos en la construcción de los números naturales

OpenAIRE

Arrieche, Mario José

2005-01-01

Esta investigación se centra en la caracterización del papel de las nociones conjuntistas básicas en la construcción de los números naturales. El problema está inmerso en un proyecto macro sobre "el papel de la teoría de conjuntos en la formación de maestros de educación primaria". Como el currículo de los maestros es muy amplio delimitamos el problema a las relaciones ecológicas entre estas nociones y los números naturales. Para tal fin caracterizamos el papel de los conjuntos en las constru...

Residential fuelwood assessment, state of Minnesota, 2007-2008 heating season

Science.gov (United States)

Mimi Barzen; Ronald Piva; Chun Yi Wy; Rich. Dahlman

2009-01-01

During the spring and summer of 2008, the cooperating partners conducted a survey to determine the volume of residential fuelwood burned during the 2007-2008 heating season. Similar surveys were conducted for the 1960, 1969-1970, 1979-1980, 1984-1985, 1988-1989, 1995-1996, and 2002-2003 heating seasons. These surveys are part of a long-term effort to monitor trends in...

[Direct economic burden of cerebrovascular disease, during 1993-2008 in China].

Science.gov (United States)

Lu, Jing; Xu, Ling; Zhai, Yi; Zhang, Yaoguang; Lyu, Yuebin; Shi, Xiaoming

2014-11-01

To evaluate the status and trend of direct economic burden on cerebrovascular disease, from 1993 to 2008 in China. Using two-step model to calculate the economic cost with related trend of cerebrovascular disease within the population among the over 30-year-olds, from 1993 to 2008. Data was gathered from the National Health Service Surveys Analysis Reports of 1993, 1998, 2003 and 2008, that including both direct outpatient and inpatient cost. There appeared a significant increase on the burden of cerebrovascular diseases in the period of 15 years, with direct economic cost increasing from 8.473 billion to 103.125 billion RMB. In fact, the actual increase was 5.3 times, without the influence of the price. The average annual growth rate was 13.1%, exceeding the rate of total expenditure on health and GDP during the same time span. In addition, the growth rate in 2003-2008 was the fastest, which appeared to be 19.8%. Burden that caused by cerebrovascular disease on individuals and the whole society was heavy which warrented further theoratical and practical studies on it.

Los recursos naturales y culturales, 28 de Noviembre, Güer Aike, Santa Cruz: su importancia turística y patrimonial

OpenAIRE

Jessica Tamara Paillán; Graciela Elvira Tello

2014-01-01

Este trabajo, tiene por objetivo, identificar los recursos naturales y culturales, que puedan contribuir al desarrollo integral, de la localidad 28 de Noviembre, en la Provincia de Santa Cruz. Esta región contiene recursos naturales muy variados, entre los que se destacan los geológicos, forestales y faunisticos. Y a pesar de ser una localidad relativamente joven, cuenta con una historia cultural muy interesante, posiblemente porque la población del lugar proviene de diferentes lugares del pa...

Fronteras naturales versus fronteras político- administrativas: desafíos y dilemas que enfrentan los parques naturales regionales en el gobierno multi-escalar

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Constanza Parra

2008-01-01

Full Text Available Este artículo analiza los desafíos en la gobernanza de zonas naturales protegidas, subrayando tensiones y dilemas que se derivan de la existencia simultánea de fronteras naturales y fronteras político-administrativas que raramente coinciden. Al partir del supuesto según el cual la articulación entre escalas territoriales es un factor determinante en la sustentabilidad de todo tipo de territorios, la reflexión se focaliza en los desafíos que enfrentan los Parques Regionales de Francia en un contexto de gobierno multi-escalar. Más específicamente, se analizan las contradicciones que se observan entre una multiplicación de fronteras político-administrativas subnacionales y los imperativos de sostenibilidad a los que se encuentran subordinados estos territorios. A partir del examen del Parque Regional Morvan, se concluye que la superabundancia de instituciones subnacionales, cuya instauración tiene por objetivo avanzar en los principios democráticos y de participación ciudadana de un desarrollo sustentable, genera dinámicas de rivalidad y competencia entre territorios que atentan contra su sostenibilidad. El estudio de campo fue realizado mediante una metodología cualitativa y se utilizó la entrevista en profundidad con actores claves como base para la recolección de información, así como la realización de observaciones, visitas de terreno y análisis de fuentes secundarias.

Valoración de los efectos socioeconómicos y los recursos naturales en el contexto de la variabilidad climática en zonas costeras de Costa Rica

OpenAIRE

Moreno-Díaz, Mary Luz

2015-01-01

Tesis (Doctorado en Ciencias Naturales para el Desarrollo con énfasis en Gestión de Recursos Naturales) Instituto Tecnológico de Costa Rica. Universidad Nacional. Universidad Estatal a Distancia, Doctorado en Ciencias Naturales para el Desarrollo, 2015 The natural resources and ecosystem services of the coastal area in Costa Rica are vital not only for the development of the communities that live in them, but also for the national economy. Climate variability and climate change affec...

LA PLANIFICACIÓN EN LOS ESPACIOS NATURALES PROTEGIDOS: APLICACIÓN DE LOS PORN EN LAS CORDILLERAS BÉTICAS ANDALUZAS

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Enrique Arias Ibáñez

2007-01-01

Full Text Available El esquema legal que alberga en España los espacios naturales protegidos conlleva la implicación de la Administración regional en las tareas de planifi cación, ordenación y gestión de los recursos naturales. En Andalucía, al fuerte impulso en su declaración en 1989 no le siguió el mismo interés por aprobar los instrumentos pertinentes, de cuyos retrasos derivaron importantes errores que en los últimos años se están subsanando. En este trabajo se presta especial atención a lo sucedido con la zonificación que los Planes de Ordenación de los Recursos Naturales incorporan como herramienta para la protección y limitación de actividades. Pese a los avances alcanzados, una cuestión clave para la conservación como la regulación de los cambios en los usos del suelo, aún no ha recibido la atención que precisa.

LAS ANTOCIANINAS COMO COLORANTES NATURALES Y COMPUESTOS BIOACTIVOS: REVISIÓN

OpenAIRE

Gloria Astrid Garzón

2008-01-01

En la actualidad existe una demanda considerable de colorantes naturales alternativos a los colorantes sintéticos, como el rojo No. 40, debido a su toxicidad en alimentos, cosméticos y productos farmacéuticos. Las antocianinas son pigmentos vegetales con gran potencial para el reemplazo competitivo de colorantes sintéticos; por tanto es de gran importancia conocer los aspectos bioquímicos que enmarcan estos pigmentos. El objetivo de esta revisión es ofrecer un esquema actualizado de las propi...

Evaluación y modificación del Sistema de Tratamiento de Aguas Residuales de la Planta de Matanza del ITCR en Santa Clara, San Carlos

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Alma Deloya Martínez

2006-05-01

Full Text Available La planta de matanza de ganado vacuno y porcino del ITCR, Sede San Carlos, en Santa Clara, procesa en promedio 23 reses y 11 cerdos por día. El caudal de aguas residuales promedio generado durante el proceso de matanza varió de un máximo de 72 m3/día hasta un mínimo de 12 m3/día. Las aguas residuales son tratadas en un sistema de tratamiento biológico anaerobio, para controlar la contaminación del agua, según el Reglamento de vertido y reúso de aguas residuales. El sistema original consistió en un tanque de aireación y un sedimentador integrado al tanque de aireación. La aireación se suministraba por rotores mecánicos. Durante el desarrollo del proyecto, se encontró que el principal problema en la operación y control del sistema eran los sólidos suspendidos totales y los sólidos sedimentables, no presentándose problemas de calidad del efluente en términos de DBO, DQO y otros parámetros. Para solucionar el problema de los sólidos, en el efluente del sistema de tratamiento se modificó el sistema aerobio existente a un sistema anaerobio (para reducir la producción de sólidos, usando como ayuda del tratamiento un compuesto biológico, que actúa como floculante y coagulante, lo que mejora la sedimentación de los sólidos. Con la modificación del sistema, se alcanzaron eficiencias de remoción de los sólidos sedimentables en un 95%, de la demanda bioquímica de oxígeno DBO en un 83% y la DQO en un 75%, cumpliéndose con la normativa para todos los parámetros exigidos por el Ministerio de Salud.

Change in hepatitis A epidemiology after vaccinating high risk children in Taiwan, 1995-2008.

Science.gov (United States)

Tsou, Tsung-Pei; Liu, Cheng-Chung; Huang, Ji-Jia; Tsai, Kun-Ju; Chang, Hsiu-Fang

2011-04-05

Taiwan started to immunize children in 30 indigenous townships against hepatitis A since June 1995. The program was further expanded to 19 non-indigenous townships with higher incidence or increased risk of epidemic in 1997-2002, covering 2% of total population. Annual incidence of hepatitis A decreased from 2.96 in 1995 (baseline period) to 0.90/100,000 in 2003-2008 (vaccination period). The incidence in vaccinated townships and unvaccinated townships declined 98.3% (49.66-0.86/100,000) and 52.6% (1.90-0.90/100,000). In 2003-2008, incidence doubled in people aged >=30 years, mostly in unvaccinated townships (0.42-0.92). During 2003-2008, travel to endemic countries was the most commonly reported risk factor (13.5%). First dose vaccine coverage was 78.8% in 1994-2005 birth cohort. Taiwan's experience demonstrates the great, long-term efficacy of hepatitis A vaccine in disease control in vaccinated townships, and out-of-cohort effect in unvaccinated townships. Further reduction can be achieved by improving vaccination coverage of adults at risk. Copyright © 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Aplicación combinada de sonicación y aceites esenciales en la conservación de zumos naturales de fruta

OpenAIRE

Sánchez Rubio, Marta

2017-01-01

Objetivos: Estudiar el efecto de la sonicación combinada con temperaturas moderadas y con antimicrobianos naturales sobre la inactivación de Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Escherichia coli O157:H7 5297 y Listeria monocytogenes LM82, en zumos naturales (ZNs) y su posterior supervivencia en condiciones de refrigeración. Estudiar el efecto de estos tratamientos sobre las propiedades físico-químicas, el contenido en compuestos bioactivos, la actividad antioxidante y la microflora natural de ZNs y la p...

Biotransformation of chromium (VI) in liquid effluents by resistant bacteria isolated from the Matanza-Riachuelo basin, in Argentina.

Science.gov (United States)

González, Ana Julieta; Caimán, Carolina; Gorino, Natalia; Fortunato, María Susana; Radice, Marcela; Gómez, Carlos; Mujica, Carolina; Marquina, Lorena; Gallego, Alfredo; Korol, Sonia Edith

2017-10-10

The aims of this investigation were to evaluate the bacterial resistance to zinc, copper, chromium (VI) and lead in surface water streams from Buenos Aires, Argentina; to select a chromium-resistant strain able to remove the metal in batch process and to evaluate the potential of this strain to remove chromium (VI) in liquid effluents. Bacterial resistance to the metals was evaluated by determining the minimal inhibitory concentration. The kinetic of chromium (VI) removal by one of the resistant strains was studied in nutrient broth with 50 and 100 mg L -1 of the metal, as well as an effluent from an electroplating industry. High resistance to all the metals under study was observed in the bacterial communities of the Matanza-Riachuelo basin. A chromium-resistant strain was isolated and identified as Microbacterium sp. It was able to remove 50 and 100 mg L -1 of Cr (VI) in 36 and 66 h respectively, with efficiency higher than 99%. Experiments with liquid effluents showed the ability of the strain to transform 150 mg L -1 of the metal in 84 h, with efficiency higher than 99%. These results show the potential of this native strain for the treatment of liquid effluents that contain chromium (VI).

Metodología para determinar el potencial de los recursos turísticos naturales en el Estado de Oaxaca, México

OpenAIRE

Óscar Reyes Pérez; Álvaro Sánchez Crispín

2005-01-01

El presente trabajo analiza los elementos naturales y la infraestructura del estado de Oaxaca para el desarrollo de la actividad turística. En un primer apartado, se mencionan los tipos de atractivos naturales que posee el territorio oaxaqueño. En una segunda sección, se describe el proceso metodológico que se utilizó para la valoración cuantitativa de los bienes y servicios turísticos de los distritos que integran a esta entidad federativa. Posteriormente, se describen las par...

El sistema de áreas naturales protegidas y su rol para la conservación del agua : Aproximación al conocimiento de la presencia de diferentes cuerpos de aguas en el Sistema Provincial de Áreas Naturales Protegidas de la provincia de Buenos Aires

OpenAIRE

Romero, María Cristina

2013-01-01

El Sistema de Áreas Naturales Protegidas de la Provincia de Buenos Aires (SANP) está regulado por la ley 10907 (B.O. 6/6/90) reglamentada por el decreto 218/94 y modificada por la ley 12.459 (B.O. 26/7/2000). El mismo permite la protección de la biodiversidad de los diferentes ecosistemas de la provincia, a través de la conformación de unidades de conservación funcionales (Reservas Naturales), las que nos brindan servicios ambientales para la sociedad, como protección de sectores de cuencas h...

Decreasing Prevalence of Obesity Among Young Children in Massachusetts From 2004 to 2008

Science.gov (United States)

Gillman, Matthew W.; Rifas-Shiman, Sheryl L.; Sherry, Bettylou; Kleinman, Ken; Taveras, Elsie M.

2012-01-01

OBJECTIVE: To examine whether the obesity prevalence is increasing, level, or decreasing among young US children (aged children) at a multisite pediatric practice in eastern Massachusetts during 1999–2008. By using the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention 2000 gender-specific growth charts, we defined obesity as weight-for-length ≥95th percentile for children aged children aged 24 to obesity trends in 2 separate periods, 1999–2003 and 2004–2008, adjusting for age group, race/ethnicity, health insurance, and practice site. RESULTS: From 1999 to 2003, the obesity prevalence was fairly stable among both boys and girls. From 2004 to 2008, the obesity prevalence substantially decreased among both boys and girls. The decline in obesity prevalence during 2004–2008 was more pronounced among children insured by non-Medicaid health plans than among those insured by Medicaid. CONCLUSIONS: Among children aged obesity prevalence decreased during 2004–2008, which is in line with national data showing no increase in prevalence during this time period. The smaller decrease among Medicaid-insured children may portend widening of socioeconomic disparities in childhood obesity. PMID:22529276

Trend of urban-rural disparities in hospital admissions and medical expenditure in China from 2003 to 2011.

Science.gov (United States)

Fu, Rong; Wang, Yupeng; Bao, Han; Wang, Zhiqiang; Li, Yongquan; Su, Shaofei; Liu, Meina

2014-01-01

To assess the trend of urban-rural disparities in hospital admissions and medical expenditure between 2003 and 2011 in the context of Chinese health-care system reform. The data were from three different national surveys: the Third National Health Services Survey in 2003, the Fourth National Health Services Survey in 2008 and the national health-care reform phased assessment survey in 2011. There were 151421, 143380 and 48356 respondents aged 15 years or older in 2003, 2008 and 2011, respectively. The health insurance coverage expanded considerably from 27.7% in 2003 to 96.4% in 2011 among respondents aged 15 years or older. Hospitalization rate increased rapidly from 4.1% in 2003 to 9.6% in 2011. Urban respondents had higher hospital admissions than rural respondents, and the RR (95% CI) of hospitalization was 1.23 (1.17-1.30), 1.06 (1.02-1.10) and 1.16 (1.10-1.23) in 2003, 2008 and 2011, respectively. The urban-rural disparity in hospital admissions significantly narrowed over time. Urban respondents had a higher admission rate if insured and a lower admission if not insured than their rural counterparts. Of the six medical expenditure measures, the disparities in reimbursement rate and the proportion of hospitalization direct cost to the total consumer spending significantly narrowed. The health insurance coverage has been continually expanding and health service utilization has been substantially improved. Urban-rural disparities have been narrowed but still exist. Therefore, policy-makers should focus on increasing investment and reimbursement levels, developing a uniform standard health insurance system for urban and rural residents and improving the medical assistance system.

Vulnerabilidades frente amenazas naturales en establecimientos de salud de la Provincia de Santa Elena

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Bertha De Monserrate

2015-10-01

Full Text Available Un equipo de análisis de riesgos de la Universidad Estatal Península de Santa Elena y Cooperazione Internationale durante el año 2010, llevó a cabo un estudio de vulnerabilidad de los establecimientos de salud de la provincia de Santa Elena frente a amenazas naturales de tsunami, inundación, erosión y movimiento en masa. El objetivo: evaluar los establecimientos de salud por tipos y nivel de atención, mediante la aplicación de los estándares establecidos en el Manual de Licenciamiento de Ministerio de Salud Pública y diagnosticar el grado de vulnerabilidad de la ubicación geográfica de los establecimientos de salud frente a las amenazas naturales, mediante la superposición de mapas de distribución geográfica y los mapas preliminares de amenazas a desastres naturales de la Secretaria General de Riesgos definida desde las amenazas en base a la guía para implementar el análisis de vulnerabilidades a nivel cantonal de esta secretaría. Resultados: la provincia de Santa Elena cuenta con 75 unidades de salud, 29 pertenecen al Ministerio de Salud Pública y 46 a Organizaciones no gubernamentales, el 75% brindan atención de primer nivel y el 25% segundo nivel básico. El estudio de vulnerabilidad mostró que el hospital de Manglaralto, los subcentros de San Francisco de las Núñez, San Pablo, Monteverde y el dispensario de la Superintendencia de la Libertad califican muy alto, mientras que el resto se considera de alto a medio. El Ministerio de Salud Pública debe reubicar aquellos establecimientos calificados como muy alto y alto.

Diseño de información en la señalización de espacios naturales: pautas de estilo

OpenAIRE

Camacho Díaz, Oriol

2013-01-01

Se estudia el diseño de información aplicado a la señalización de espacios naturales (orientación y accesibilidad), sobre todo aquellas áreas con afluencia masiva de senderistas y especial interés natural y ecológico, conformando un paisaje de gran interés relacionado con el ecoturismo. Estudio y actualización de los aspectos gráficos y técnicos de los Espacios Naturales Protegidos de Canarias, como modelo extrapolable a otras comunidades autónomas y espacios de características similares.OBJE...

Publication rate of studies presented at veterinary anaesthesia specialty meetings during the years 2003-2008.

Science.gov (United States)

Wieser, Marilies; Braun, Christina; Moens, Yves

2016-03-01

To assess publication rates, factors predicting publication, and discrepancies between conference abstracts and subsequent full-text publications of abstracts from the veterinary meetings of the American College of Veterinary Anesthesiologists and the Association of Veterinary Anaesthetists from 2003 to 2008. Retrospective cohort study. A total of 607 abstracts were identified and a database search (Scopus, PubMed, CAB) was conducted to identify matching publications. Authors of nonmatching abstracts were contacted to participate in a confidential online survey. Risk ratios were used to assess factors predicting publication and these were tested for significance (p publication rate was 63.3% and the mean (± SD) time to publication was 25 ± 19 months. Factors significantly associated with subsequent full publication (i.e. publication of a full manuscript in a peer-reviewed journal) were continent of origin (North America), study design (experimental studies), specialty (analgesia) and the presence of a source of funding. The principal reasons why studies remained unpublished were lack of time and responsibility lying with co-authors. Minor changes compared with the original abstract were found in 71.6% of all publications. Major changes were noted in 34.6% and the outcome of the study changed in 7.6%. These data suggest that some of the abstracts reported preliminary findings. Therefore, caution is warranted when quoting abstracts as references in scientific publications. To date, major veterinary journals have not issued recommendations in their author guidelines addressing the use of abstracts as a reference. The authors propose the inclusion of such a statement in author guidelines. © 2015 Association of Veterinary Anaesthetists and the American College of Veterinary Anesthesia and Analgesia.

Las políticas de protección y gestión de los recursos naturales de la Generalitat Valenciana (1984-1994)

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Viñals Blasco, María José; Ors, Juan

1995-01-01

El presente trabajo intenta reflejar el impacto territorial que ha tenido la aplicación de las estrategias medioambientales autonómicas entre 1984 y 1994, periodo de duración de los PEV I y PEV II en lo referente a los recursos naturales (espacios naturales, fauna y flora). En primer lugar se analizan las peculiaridades del paisaje que han condicionado tradicionalmente el modelo territorial. Posteriormente se ha plasmado la evolución administrativa y normativa relacionada con los recursos nat...

Aspectos químicos y bioactivos de tres matrices naturales: Calendula officinalis L., Mentha cervina L. y Macrolepiota procera (Scop.) Singer

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Gordo, María Miguel

2015-01-01

Mestrado em cooperação com a Universidade de Salamanca Desde la antigüedad se han utilizado las plantas y las setas como fuentes de nutrientes y por sus propiedades medicinales. En la actualidad, continua el interés, en la búsqueda de productos naturales que den lugar a nuevos fármacos, complementos dietéticos o nutracéuticos en alimentos funcionales, de ahí la importancia de su estudio químico y bioactivo. Con el fin ampliar el conocimiento de estas fuentes naturales y por tanto de sus...

Discusión acerca de la enseñanza de las Ciencias Naturales y análisis de Unidades Didácticas en relación con la integración de las Ciencias Naturales, en el ciclo dos de enseñanza.

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Luisa Esperanza Rincón Jiménez

2011-02-01

Full Text Available Este documento presenta el desarrollo del primer momento del trabajo de grado, el cual consiste en una revisión de antecedentes, una discusión acerca de la enseñanza de las ciencias naturales en primaria y el análisis de ocho unidades didácticas de cuatro libros de texto, dos del grado tercero y dos de cuarto. El trabajo desarrollado centra su atención en la enseñanza de las ciencias naturales en primaria, específicamente en el ciclo dos de enseñanza . En este sentido el principal aspecto a desarrollar es la integración de la Biología, la Física y la Química en la enseñanza de las ciencias naturales, pues a partir de lo indagado se pudo establecer que las ciencias naturales en primaria se enseñan de manera segmentada, generando algunas dificultades en la enseñanza y aprendizaje de las mismas. Para ello se establece una discusión en torno a su enseñanza, teniendo como referente el Conocimiento Didáctico del Contenido Biológico y el análisis de las unidades didácticas. En los resultados obtenidos se encontró que los libros de texto trabajan de manera separada los procesos biológicos y físicos y lo químico es un componente poco abordado. Asimismo, se estableció que los elementos con mayor incidencia en la estructuración de unidades didácticas son: historia y epistemología de las ciencias, nivel molecular, contenidos conceptuales, procedimentales y actitudinales, contexto, evaluación, transformación didáctica, estándares y ciclos de enseñanza, además se determinó que los conceptos

Los foros… una oportunidad para aprender a aprender en Ciencias Naturales

OpenAIRE

Olea, Patricia; Egido, Patricia

2016-01-01

Nuestro escenario social se ha modificado con las nuevas tecnologías de la información y de las telecomunicaciones, tanto es así que se habla de un nuevo espacio social para las interrelaciones humanas, que Javier Echeverría (1999), ha llamado tercer entorno (E3), para distinguirlo de los entornos naturales (E1) y urbanos (E2). Los procesos educativos son producto de interrelaciones humanas, es por eso que podemos hablar de cambios en ellos vinculados al cambio social que mencionam...

Los géneros naturales en filosofía de la biología

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Soler Parra, Jaime

2015-01-01

El presente Trabajo Final de Máster tiene como objeto exponer el debate de los géneros naturales en la filosofía de la biología actual, así como la importancia que tal debate tiene en las ciencias de la vida y en el contexto más amplio de la filo

El desarrollo de la creatividad desde las Ciencias Naturales. Una propuesta didáctica

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Marcia Olivia Guibert-Bueno

2017-11-01

Full Text Available Se ofrece una propuesta didáctica dirigida a profesores de la Educación Superior, aportando las relaciones esenciales que sustentan el procedimiento didáctico del docente para desarrollar la creatividad a través de la enseñanza problémica como premisa fundamental en el aprendizaje de las Ciencias Naturales.

[The origin and quality of water for human consumption: the health of the population residing in the Matanza-Riachuelo river basin area in Greater Buenos Aires].

Science.gov (United States)

Monteverde, Malena; Cipponeri, Marcos; Angelaccio, Carlos; Gianuzzi, Leda

2013-04-01

The aim of this study is to analyze the origin and quality of water used for consumption in a sample of households in Matanza-Riachuelo river basin area in Greater Buenos Aires, Argentina. The results of drinking water by source indicated that 9% of water samples from the public water system, 45% of bottled water samples and 80% of well water samples were not safe for drinking due to excess content of coliforms, Escherichia coli or nitrates. Individuals living in households where well water is the main source of drinking water have a 55% higher chance of suffering a water-borne disease; in the cases of diarrheas, the probability is 87% higher and in the case of dermatitis, 160% higher. The water for human consumption in this region should be provided by centralized sources that assure control over the quality of the water.

Changes in school environments with implementation of Arkansas Act 1220 of 2003.

Science.gov (United States)

Phillips, Martha M; Raczynski, James M; West, Delia S; Pulley, LeaVonne; Bursac, Zoran; Gauss, C Heath; Walker, Jada F

2010-02-01

Changes in school nutrition and physical activity policies and environments are important to combat childhood obesity. Arkansas Act 1220 of 2003 was among the first and most comprehensive statewide legislative initiatives to combat childhood obesity through school-based change. Annual surveys of principals and superintendents have been analyzed to document substantial and important changes in school environments, policies, and practices. For example, results indicate that schools are more likely to require that healthy options be provided for student parties (4.5% in 2004, 36.9% in 2008; P ban commercial advertising by food or beverage companies (31.7% in 2005, 42.6% in 2008; P vending machines available during the lunch period (72.3% in 2004, 37.2% in 2008; P vending machines (83.8% in 2004, 73.5% in 2008; P 2003 is associated with a number of changes in school environments and policies, resulting from both statewide and local initiatives spawned by the Act.

Characteristics and development of therapeutic patient education in rheumatoid arthritis: analysis of the 2003-2008 literature.

Science.gov (United States)

Albano, Maria Grazia; Giraudet-Le Quintrec, Janine-Sophie; Crozet, Cyril; d'Ivernois, Jean-François

2010-10-01

The aim of this study is to point out the recent characteristics and developments of therapeutic patient education (TPE) in rheumatoid arthritis through an analysis of the international articles published from 2003 to 2008. Studies were selected from major databases, using the following keywords: rheumatoid arthritis, patient education, self-management, programs. Three authors independently reviewed each study and selected the data using the patient education research categories (PERC). Articles consistently related to patient education in rheumatoid arthritis (37 among 109) were included. The selected articles have been published in 23 scientific journals. The majority of them concern TPE for adult patients with rheumatoid arthritis. TPE is delivered in several structures and group education represents the most widespread educational strategy mainly provided by a multiprofessional team. There are two types of programs: educational, aiming to make the patient competent in the daily management of his disease and psycho-educational ones, aiming to improve coping and to decrease stress, anxiety and depression. Twenty-eight studies show the effectiveness of TPE on the basis of bio-clinical, educational, psychosocial, economical criteria, but the majority of these positive results are observed in short-term. Barriers to TPE are linked to cultural and socio-economic factors. A large number of studies still assess the positive effects of TPE. Nowadays, the problems of short-term efficacy of TPE and the cultural and social barriers to this practice have become a major issue for research. Copyright © 2010 Société française de rhumatologie. Published by Elsevier SAS. All rights reserved.

PERSPECTIVA SOCIO ECOLÓGICA EN EL ANÁLISIS DE ESPACIOS NATURALES PROTEGIDOS DE LA REGIÓN METROPOLITANA DE BARCELONA

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Otero Armengol Iago

2008-07-01

Full Text Available La perspectiva socioecológica intenta integrar las ciencias naturales con las ciencias sociales para abordar la realidad de forma interdisciplinaria. Bajo este punto de vista, el artículo analiza la historia ambiental del municipio de Matadepera y estudia el patrimonio socioecológico del valle de Olzinelles. A través de los dos casos de estudio, se vincula la perspectiva socioecológica con la mejora de la gestión y la conservación de dos espacios naturales protegidos de la Región Metropolitana de Barcelona: el Parque Natural de Sant Llorenç del Munt i l’Obac y el Parque del Montnegre i el Corredor.

Estrategias para educar en valores desde los contenidos de Ciencias Naturales

OpenAIRE

Cabrera de Reyes, E.

2009-01-01

El propósito de la investigación fue describir y evaluar la efectividad del programa didáctico, que orientó la ejecución del proyecto: Estrategias didácticas para educar en valores desde los contenidos de Ciencias Naturales. La investigación, de naturaleza cualitativa, se realizó con un enfoque de investigación-acción. Los informantes fueron estudiantes de la carrera docente (UPEL Maracay, Venezuela). El programa didáctico evaluado, se propone para operacionalizar los procesos de investigació...

Pastizales naturales y pasturas cultivadas : dos sistemas complementarios y no opuestos

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Cauhépe, Miguel Alfredo; León, Rolando Juan Carlos; Sala, Osvaldo Esteban; Soriano, Alberto J.

1982-01-01

p.1-11 La Depresión del Salado en la Provincia de Buenos Aires es una región muy llana de aproximadamen te 5.800.000 ha cubierta en su mayor parte por pastizales naturales. El reemplazo de estas comunidades por pasturas implantadas y fertilizadas es un fenómeno común en el área. Se analizan los diferentes factores que determinan la elección de los distintos sistemas de producción ganadera: la heterogeneidad ambiental, el tamaño de los establecimientos, los objetivos de los ganaderos, su po...

Tipos de especies de insectos descritas de la Comunidad de Madrid, conservados en el Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales. Inventario Preliminar

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Martín Albaladejo, C.

2006-05-01

Full Text Available This paper offers a list of insect species described from Comunidad de Madrid whose types are kept in the Collection of Entomology of the Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales (MNCN. This preliminary inventory includes 505 species and subspecific taxa.

Este trabajo ofrece una relación de las especies de insectos que han sido descritas de la Comunidad de Madrid y cuyos ejemplares tipo se conservan en la Colección de Entomología del Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales (MNCN. Este inventario preliminar recoge 505 especies y táxones subespecíficos.

Protocolo nacional de monitoreo de la calidad de los en cuerpos naturales de agua superficial

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Autoridad Nacional del Agua. Dirección de Gestión de Calidad de los Recursos Hídricos

2011-01-01

Estandariza la metodología para el desarrollo del monitoreo de la calidad de los recursos hídricos en los cuerpos naturales de agua superficial, asimismo pretende convertirse en un instrumento de gestión en el desarrollo del Plan Nacional de Vigilancia de la Calidad de Agua en el Perú.

Improving meat quality through natural antioxidants Mejoramiento de la calidad de carne utilizando antioxidantes naturales

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Valeria Velasco

2011-06-01

Full Text Available Nowadays, consumers are demanding more natural foods, obliging the industry to include natural antioxidants in foods. Natural antioxidants have been used instead of synthetic antioxidants to retard lipid oxidation in foods to improve their quality and nutritional value. This review discusses some aspects of recent research on antioxidant activity of plant extracts and natural compounds to improve meat quality. Many herbs, spices, and their extracts have been reported as having high antioxidant capacity, such as some plants of the Lamiaceae family, e.g., oregano (Origanum vulgare L., rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis L., and sage (Salvia officinalis L.. The antioxidant activity of these plants is attributed to their phenolic compound content, which includes volatile compounds also known as essential oils. Several factors that cause some differences on the antioxidant activity of plant extracts include: type of solvent used during extraction, measurement method, and number of samples. Some studies have demonstrated that shelf-life and meat quality can be improved by using natural antioxidants in some stages of meat production. The main effects of these compounds are reducing microbial growth and lipid oxidation during storage. Nevertheless, more research is needed to determine antimicrobial activity of natural antioxidants in meat during storage, identify the main metabolic pathway of these compounds, and its effect on other meat quality parameters.Actualmente los consumidores están demandando alimentos más naturales, lo cual ha causado el interés de la industria de incluir antioxidantes naturales en los alimentos para retardar la oxidación de los lípidos, mejorar su calidad y valor nutricional, reemplazando los antioxidantes sintéticos. En esta revisión se discuten algunos aspectos de las investigaciones más recientes acerca de la actividad antioxidante de extractos vegetales y compuestos naturales y su uso para mejorar la calidad de carne

ciencias naturales y su relación con la estructura de la didáctica de las ciencias

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Julio César Tovar-Gálvez

2008-01-01

Full Text Available La propuesta de modelo evaluativo multidimensional en Ciencias Naturales que se presenta, tiene como soporte la consideración de la evaluación como uno de los campos de estudio de las Didáctica de las Ciencias; y comprender que esta última es coherente con las dinámicas de las mismas Ciencias Naturales, significa una especificidad epistemológica, la que a su vez exige especificidad para la Evaluación en el mismo campo de la enseñanza. Desde esta perspectiva se presenta la Evaluación en Ciencias desde varias dimensiones: conceptual, administrativa-metodológica, actitudinal, comunicativa, e histórico-epistemológica; quedando como expectativa un mayor reconocimiento de los contextos de los grupos y naciones.

Trends in healthy life expectancy among older Brazilian women between 1998 and 2008

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Marília Regina Nepomuceno

2015-01-01

Full Text Available OBJECTIVE To analyze conditional and unconditional healthy life expectancy among older Brazilian women. METHODS This cross-sectional study used the intercensal technique to estimate, in the absence of longitudinal data, healthy life expectancy that is conditional and unconditional on the individual’s current health status. The data used were obtained from the Pesquisa Nacional por Amostra de Domicílios (National Household Sample Survey of 1998, 2003, and 2008. This sample comprised 11,171; 13,694; and 16,259 women aged 65 years or more, respectively. Complete mortality tables from the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics for the years 2001 and 2006 were also used. The definition of health status was based on the difficulty in performing activities of daily living. RESULTS The remaining lifetime was strongly dependent on the current health status of the older women. Between 1998 and 2003, the amount of time lived with disability for healthy women at age 65 was 9.8%. This percentage increased to 66.2% when the women already presented some disability at age 65. Temporal analysis showed that the active life expectancy of the women at age 65 increased between 1998-2003 (19.3 years and 2003-2008 (19.4 years. However, life years gained have been mainly focused on the unhealthy state. CONCLUSIONS Analysis of conditional and unconditional life expectancy indicated that live years gained are a result of the decline of mortality in unhealthy states. This pattern suggests that there has been no reduction in morbidity among older women in Brazil between 1998 and 2008.

LOS DESASTRES NATURALES Y LOS MEDIOS EN COLOMBIA: ¿INFORMACIÓN PARA LA PREVENCIÓN?

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Hermelin Daniel

2008-07-01

Full Text Available En Colombia se ha estudiado poco la relación entre la sociedad y el tratamiento que hacen los medios de comunicación de los desastres naturales. Este es un objeto de estudio que le concierne el campo de investigación denominado comunicación de las ciencias. En este sentido, se necesitan enfoques transdiscplinarios que permitan entender las condiciones de producción de la información, la construcción mediática de los acontecimientos y las percepciones y apropiaciones por parte del público Algunos estudios han mostrado que hay una tendencia en los medios colombianos a detenerse en la descripción detallada de los acontecimientos, y poco en las explicaciones sobre sus causas y consecuencias, desde la perspectiva de los científicos y los expertos. Explicaciones que cuando aparecen son limitadas, o incluso se intercalan con las de carácter sobrenatural. Las aproximaciones sobre la recepción de la información son necesarias, de manera que no se entienda el tratamiento de este tipo de acontecimientos como simples manipulaciones por parte de los medios. Se ha mostrado cómo el público también elige, en la medida en que sus imaginarios son cercanos a los imaginarios “propuestos” por los medios, en relación con los desastres naturales. Pero, si bien son claras las responsabilidades de las autoridades y de la sociedad civil a este respecto, lo anterior no elude sino que invita a la discusión sobre las responsabilidades de los medios de comunicación colombianos en la prevención de los desastres naturales.

Ciencias humanas y ciencias naturales, una relación ambigua desde la fenomenología

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Javier San Martín

2012-04-01

Full Text Available A partir de la afirmación en la que Ortega dice que el científico se aloja en el ser humano, el texto pretende, por un lado y desde una perspectiva fenomenológica, abordar el vínculo entre las ciencias naturales y las ciencias humanas y sociales y, por otro lado, analizar las consecuencias de las maneras en las que estos dos grupos de ciencias se han relacionado a fin de imaginar la posición que tanto las ciencias naturales como las humanas y sociales deben ocupar. From a phenomenological perspective and begining with the statement from Ortega saying that a scientist lives inside a human being, this text has a twofold structure. First, the author analyzes the relationship among natural sciences and human and social sciences. Second, the author analyzes the consequences of the different ways in which bothsciences have interrelated, in order to imagine the place that either natural sciences, and social sciences and humanities, should occupy.

Estudio de comunidades bacterianas naturales: diferenciación de las actinobacterias mediante electroforesis en doble gel en gradiente de desnaturalización (DDGGE)

OpenAIRE

Ortiz Martínez, Alberto

2005-01-01

El primer objetivo, en esta Tesis, es la optimización de las condiciones a emplear para el estudio de comunidades bacterianas naturales. Esto se conseguirá mejorando los gradientes empleados en los geles en condiciones desnaturalizantes. En lo referente a la optimización de los gradientes, hay que tener en cuenta que en las muestras naturales las comunidades presentes son heterogéneas, lo que hace necesaria una optimización de los gradientes de desnaturalización, con el fin de mejorar la sepa...

Technical training: AXEL-2008 - Introduction to Particle Accelerators

CERN Multimedia

2008-01-01

CERN Technical Training 2008: Learning for the LHC! AXEL-2008 is a course series on particle accelerators, given at CERN within the framework of the AB Operation Group Shut-down Lectures. Since 2003, this course has been organized as a joint venture between the AB Department and Technical Training and is open to a wider CERN community. The AXEL-2008 course series is designed for technicians who are operating an accelerator, or whose work is closely linked to accelerators, but it is also open to technicians, engineers and physicists interested in this field. The course does not require any prior knowledge of accelerators. However, some basic knowledge of trigonometry, matrices and differential equations and some basic notions of magnetism would be an advantage. The course series will be composed of 10 one-hour lectures (mornings and afternoons) from 29th January to 1st February 2008, and given in English with questions and answers als...

Technical training: AXEL-2008 - Introduction to Particle Accelerators

CERN Multimedia

2008-01-01

CERN Technical Training 2008: Learning for the LHC! AXEL-2008 is a course series on particle accelerators, given at CERN within the framework of the AB Operation Group Shut-down Lectures. Since 2003, this course is organized as a joint venture between the AB department and Technical Training, and is open to a wider CERN community. The AXEL-2008 course series is designed for technicians who are operating an accelerator, or whose work is closely linked to accelerators, but it is open to technicians, engineers, and physicists interested in this field. The course does not require any prior knowledge on accelerators. However, some basic knowledge on trigonometry, matrices and differential equations, and some basic notions of magnetism would be an advantage. The course series will be composed of 10 one-hour lectures (mornings and afternoons) from the 29th of January to the 1st February 2008, and given in English with questions and answers also possible in French. The lecturer is Rende Steerenberg, engineer and sup...

Trends in self-reported arterial hypertension in Brazilian adults: an analysis of data from the Brazilian National Household Sample Survey, 1998-2008 Tendência temporal de hipertensão arterial autorreferida em adultos: uma análise da Pesquisa Nacional por Amostra de Domicílios, 1998-2008

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Ludmila Correa Muniz

2012-08-01

Full Text Available This study investigated the time trend in self-reported arterial hypertension from 1998 to 2008 in individuals older than 20 years in Brazil. Data were analyzed on prevalence of hypertension from the National Household Sample Survey (PNAD for the years 1998, 2003, and 2008. The analysis considered the sampling complexity and included 203,419, 238,591, and 257,816 individuals in the years 1998, 2003, and 2008, respectively. The time trend in hypertension was analyzed by sex, family income, geographic regions of Brazil, and area of residence (urban versus rural, and the prevalence rates were adjusted for age. Prevalence of self-reported hypertension was 12.5% in 1998, 13% in 2003, and 13.9% in 2008, with an annual increase of 1.07%. The highest increases occurred in the Southeast Region (1.41%, in men (1.82%, and in urban areas (1.15%. The study showed a rise in the prevalence of self-reported hypertension in all income brackets and with increasing age. Knowledge of the prevalence of hypertension is essential for backing activities to prevent and control the problem, especially among the more vulnerable subgroups.O estudo avaliou a tendência temporal de hipertensão arterial autorreferida no período de 1998 a 2008, em indivíduos acima de 20 anos, no Brasil. Foram analisados os dados de prevalência de hipertensão da Pesquisa Nacional por Amostra de Domicílios (PNAD de 1998, 2003 e 2008. A análise considerou a complexidade amostral e incluiu 203.419, 238.591 e 257.816 indivíduos nos anos de 1998, 2003 e 2008, respectivamente. A tendência de hipertensão foi descrita por sexo, renda domiciliar, macrorregiões do Brasil e zona de residência, e as prevalências foram ajustadas por idade. A prevalência de hipertensão foi de 12,5% em 1998, 13% em 2003 e 13,9% em 2008, com incremento anual de 1,07%. Maior aumento anual ocorreu na Região Sudeste (1,41%, entre homens (1,82% e na zona urbana (1,15%. Observou-se crescimento nas prevalências de

Búsqueda de enemigos naturales nativos de Frankliniella occidentalis (Pergande(thysanoptera: thripidae, sobre Dendranthema grandijlorum en el municipio de Piendamo, cauca.

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Castro V. Ulises

1999-06-01

Full Text Available En la empresa "Flores del Cauca" en el municipio de Piendamó a 1S00 m.s.n.m. con temperatura promedia de 18° C y HR de SO ± 5%, se hizo una búsqueda de enemigos naturales nativos de F. occidentalis (Thysanóptera: Thripidae sobre eras experimentales de Dendranthema grandiflorum libres de control químico. La búsqueda se extendió a los hospedantes alternos del tisanóptero en áreas aledañas al cultivo. Semanalmente se cosechaban plantas de crisantemo, se llevaban al laboratorio para la recolección de thrips y sus enemigos naturales nativos. En el laboratorio se realizaron bioensayos para probar la acción depredadora de algunos de los enemigos de F. occídentalis que fueron encontrados en crisantemo. Se encontraron los siguientes enemigos naturales nativos: El hemíptero Orius sp. (Anthocoridae. los ácaros Amblyseius herbjcolus. Euseius naindaimei y Thyplodromalus peregrinus (Phytoseiidae, larvas de Chrysopidae; los thrips leptothirs sp. y Haplotrips gowdeyi (Phlaeothripidae, un ácaro de la familia Ascidae; difereflles especies de arañas; larvas de la familia Coccinellidae y adultos de F. occidentalis infectados por hongos no identificados.

Gestión económica de recursos naturales : una propuesta para las ciencias de la complejidad

OpenAIRE

Rubiano Barrero, Hernando

2011-01-01

Como una propuesta alternativa en la gestión de recursos naturales, este texto enlaza los fundamentos de la bioeconomía y las ciencias de la complejidad, en especial, con la termodinámica del no equilibrio y el concepto de estructuras disipativas.

Multi-Sector Participation In The National Response To Prevent And Address The Hiv/Aids Epidemic In The Republic Of Cuba, 2007-2008

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Isora Ramos Valle

2010-12-01

Full Text Available The development of a strong national response involving multiple sectors—including civil society—is an essential aspect of the social management of the HIV/AIDS epidemic. The goals of this response are to control the epidemic and improve the quality of life for people living with HIV/AIDS; this includes combating stigma and discrimination, as well as ensuring due compliance with the law. Cuba has a national program to prevent and control HIV/AIDS. Since 2003 Cuba’s national program has received material and financial support from the Global Fund to Fight AIDS, Tuberculosis and Malaria. Program evaluation is carried out by an independent team at ENSAP (National School of Public Health. This paper reports on results of one part of that evaluation: an assessment of the agencies and sectors who made up the organized social and national response to the HIV/AIDS epidemic. The evaluation primarily used qualitative analyses of the activities and tasks proposed by sectors in their 2006-2008 work plans. Visits were made to the provinces of Ciudad de la Habana, Matanzas, and Holguín. Qualitative techniques included in-depth interviews, semi-structured interviews, observation, and review of documentary evidence of all kinds (videos, reports, minutes, protocols, results of social research, and radio broadcast messages and varied depending on the particular features of each sector. We noted improvements in multi-sector participation in the prevention and response to the national HIV/AIDS epidemic. Conscious of their role, sectors generally carried out their programmed activities and had improved their organization, planning, and systematization; integration among the sectors was also better. These local initiatives provided evidence of a multi-sector response characterized by autonomy, emotional involvement, and an identification with the goals of the project; this went beyond simply meeting targets. Cross-sector work showed a marked increase and a

Efectividad y supervivencia de Romanomermis culicivorax en criaderos naturales de larvas de mosquitos

OpenAIRE

Pérez-Pacheco, Rafael; Santamarina-Mijares, Alberto; Vásquez-López, Alfonso; Martínez-Tomás, Sabino H.; Suárez-Espinosa, Javier

2009-01-01

Los mosquitos (Díptera: Culicidae) son transmisores de agentes causales de paludismo, dengue y encefalitis del Nilo occidental y causan fuertes molestias a los humanos. El objetivo del presente estudio fue determinar el efecto de aplicar 500 y 1000 nemátodos, Romanomermis culicivorax Ross y Smith, por metro cuadrado en poblaciones de larvas de Anopheles albimanus Wiedeman, Culex nigipalpus Theobald y Uranotaenia sapphirina Oster-Sacken, para su control en 13 criaderos naturales. El diseño exp...

LA ENSEÑANZA DE LAS CIENCIAS NATURALES Y EDUCACIÓN AMBIENTAL EN LAS INSTITUCIONES EDUCATIVAS OFICIALES DEL DEPARTAMENTO DE NARIÑO

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Álvaro Torres Mesías

2009-01-01

Full Text Available En este artículo se da cuenta del trabajo de investigación titulado “La enseñanza de las ciencias naturales y educación ambiental en las instituciones educativas oficiales del departamento de Nariño” y adelantado por el GIDEP Categoría “C” COLCIENCIAS, a lo largo de los años 2007 y 2008. Surge de una preocupación por reconocer la realidad de la vida en las escuelas desde el significado y el sentido que le otorgan profesores y estudiantes a la enseñanza, aprendizaje y construcción de conocimiento en el área de ciencias naturales y educación ambiental. Se partió del interés explícito por investigar y reflexionar acerca de las concepciones, y creencias tanto de profesores como de estudiantes sobre ciencias y, sus relaciones con las diferentes acciones pedagógicas y didácticas. Así se encontró que éstos llegan a la escuela con unas concepciones que traen implícitas, no sólo los vacíos y dificultades, sino también los anhelos, sueños y potencialidades asociados a los procesos de educación en ciencias en contextos específicos, en este caso en catorce instituciones educativas oficiales del departamento de Nariño. Fue una experiencia que llevó a determinar ¿Qué piensan? ¿Qué escriben en sus planes de área? y ¿Qué hacen en los procesos: didácticos, de pensamiento y acción profesores y estudiantes?, como punto de partida para emprender una acción colectiva de cambio e innovación, desde una concepción metodológica de investigación acción flexible, desde su vertiente educativa, para develar las concepciones y acciones, que determinan la forma de acceder al conocimiento, de aprender y enseñar en la escuela.

DIAGNÓSTICO DE LOS RECURSOS NATURALES Y CULTURALES DE LA PARROQUIA MEMBRILLO

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Tyrone Manuel Párraga Ganchozo

2013-11-01

Full Text Available El objetivo de la investigación fue la elaboración del diagnóstico turístico de los recursos naturales y culturales con vistas a la elaboración y ejecución de otros proyectos a desarrollar en las actividades turísticas de la región. Se partió de la determinación del área de estudio, para posteriormente recopilar la información de campo y la clasificación de los sitios; luego se definieron rutas de desplazamiento, se evaluó la información y se culminó con el registro de la información en las fichas y la jerarquización de todos sus atractivos. Esta región a parte de los atractivos naturales posee manifestaciones culturales que representan la cultura montubia manabita entre ellas: las fiestas populares y religiosas, los juegos populares, la gastronomía, la medicina tradicional, la oralidad y otras manifestaciones folclóricas. Con la ejecución de este diagnóstico de recursos turístico, se constató que la región de Membrillo cuenta con un potencial de diversos recursos, con los cuales se pueden realizar actividades como: el turismo alternativo, el turismo en área rural, el agro-turismo, el turismo comunitario, la observación de la flora y la fauna, el turismo deportivo, el ecoturismo, el turismo de aventura, el turismo cultural, entre otros

Magnetic field and velocity of early M dwarfs (Morin+, 2008)

Science.gov (United States)

Morin, J.; Donati, J.-F.; Petit, P.; Delfosse, X.; Forveille, T.; Albert, L.; Auriere, M.; Cabanac, R.; Dintrans, B.; Fares, R.; Gastine, T.; Jardine, M. M.; Lignieres, F.; Paletou, F.; Ramirez Velez, J. C.; Theado, S.

2010-06-01

We have collected 107 pairs of Stokes I (unpolarised) and V (circularly polarised) spectra with the twin instruments ESPaDOnS at CFHT (2003ASPC..307...41D) and NARVAL at TBL between January 2006 and February 2008. All spectra were reduced using the Libre-Esprit pipeline, and the mean I and V line profiles were extracted using the Least-Squares Deconvolution (LSD) technique (1997MNRAS.291..658D). The star V374 Peg (2008MNRAS.384...77M) is also included in the discussion and in table1.dat. (2 data files).

Seguridad humana y recursos naturales - política de seguridad en Colombia

OpenAIRE

Echeverría Rodríguez, Aura María

2010-01-01

El presente trabajo de grado atiende el nuevo concepto de política (biopolítica) que ha sido definido, por algunos autores como la política alrededor de la vida (bios), y el nuevo concepto de seguridad (seguridad humana) que cobija dentro de sus dimensiones, la seguridad medio ambiental. Esos nuevos conceptos justifican el interés de hacer un análisis de la política de seguridad en Colombia, especialmente, de la política de seguridad frente a los recursos naturales que son el fundamento de la...

Reduction of social inequalities in utilization of dental care in Brazil from 1998 to 2008.

Science.gov (United States)

Peres, Karen Glazer; Peres, Marco Aurélio; Boing, Antonio Fernando; Bertoldi, Andréa Dâmaso; Bastos, João Luiz; Barros, Aluisio J D

2012-04-01

To analyze access to and utilization of dental care services in Brazil. We used data from the 2003 and 2008 Brazilian National Household Surveys, which we compared to data from the 1998 survey. We investigated access and utilization variables at ages three, six, nine, 12, 15, and 19 years in the first (Q1) and fifth (Q5) quintiles of per capita family income. All analyses took into account the complex sampling strategy. The proportion of subjects that had never seen a dentist decreased during the period (18.7% in 1998, 15.9% in 2003 and 11.7% in 2008). There was an important reduction in the absolute difference in failure to use dental care services after age nine years between Q1 and Q5 from 1998 to 2008, which decreased to about half its value at 15 (30.3 percentage points - pp to 16.1 pp) and 19 years (20.4 pp to 9.9 pp). Q5/Q1 ratios for recent dental appointments fell across all age groups, especially between zero and six years (Q5/Q1 from 3.2 to 2.6); utilization of the National Health Care System for dental care increased in Q1 and Q5, with a reduction in the Q1/Q5 ratio of approximately 20%. Use of the National Health Care System for dental care increased by approximately 8% in Q1 and 35% in Q5 between 2003 and 2008. There have been considerable advances in terms of reducing inequalities in access to, and increasing the utilization of, dental care services in Brazil between 1998 and 2008. However, inequality between social groups remains substantial.

The consumption of canned food and beverages and urinary Bisphenol A concentrations in NHANES 2003-2008.

Science.gov (United States)

Hartle, Jennifer C; Navas-Acien, Ana; Lawrence, Robert S

2016-10-01

Exposure to Bisphenol A (BPA) is ubiquitous and includes dietary and environmental pathways. BPA is rapidly glucuronidated in the body, and both BPA and its conjugates can be readily measured in urine. To investigate the contribution of canned food and beverages, known sources of BPA contamination, to BPA biomarkers of exposure using dietary and urinary BPA concentration information in a representative sample of the U.S. We evaluated 7669 NHANES 2003-2008 participants 6 years and older with 24-h dietary recall information and urinary BPA concentrations available. Using linear regression models, we evaluated the associations between recent canned food and beverage consumption and urinary BPA concentrations, adjusting for potential confounders. We found 9% of our participants consumed one canned food in the past 24h and 2% consumed two or more canned foods. The consumption of one canned food vs. none was associated with 24% (95% CI 1.11, 1.38) higher urinary BPA concentrations. The consumption of two or more canned foods vs. none was associated with 54% (95% CI 1.27, 1.88) higher urinary BPA concentrations. The consumption of one or more of some specific types of canned foods vs. none were associated with higher urinary BPA concentrations: 41% (95% CI 1.23, 1.63) higher BPA for vegetable and fruit, 70% (95% CI 1.18, 2.44) higher for canned pasta, and 229% (95% CI 1.22, 4.30) higher for canned soup. Canned beverages were not associated with urinary BPA concentrations. Canned food, including some specific types such as canned vegetable and fruit, canned pasta, and canned soup were associated with higher levels of urinary BPA concentrations. Copyright © 2016 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Mass balance of the Greenland ice sheet (2003-2008) from ICESat data

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Sørensen, Louise Sandberg; Simonsen, Sebastian Bjerregaard; Nielsen, Karina

2011-01-01

ICESat has provided surface elevation measurements of the ice sheets since the launch in January 2003, resulting in a unique dataset for monitoring the changes of the cryosphere. Here, we present a novel method for determining the mass balance of the Greenland ice sheet, derived from ICESat...... studies of the Greenland ice sheet mass balance, based on different remote-sensing techniques....... altimetry data. Three different methods for deriving elevation changes from the ICESat altimetry dataset are used. This multi-method approach provides a method to assess the complexity of deriving elevation changes from this dataset. The altimetry alone can not provide an estimate of the mass balance...

Trends in access to health services and financial protection in China between 2003 and 2011: a cross-sectional study.

Science.gov (United States)

Meng, Qun; Xu, Ling; Zhang, Yaoguang; Qian, Juncheng; Cai, Min; Xin, Ying; Gao, Jun; Xu, Ke; Boerma, J Ties; Barber, Sarah L

2012-03-03

In the past decade, the Government of China initiated health-care reforms to achieve universal access to health care by 2020. We assessed trends in health-care access and financial protection between 2003, and 2011, nationwide. We used data from the 2003, 2008, and 2011 National Health Services Survey (NHSS), which used multistage stratified cluster sampling to select 94 of 2859 counties from China's 31 provinces and municipalities. The 2011 survey was done with a subset of the NHSS sampling frame to monitor key indicators after the national health-care reforms were announced in 2009. Three sets of indicators were chosen to measure trends in access to coverage, health-care activities, and financial protection. Data were disaggregated by urban or rural residence and by three geographical regions: east, central, and west, and by household income. We examined change in equity across and within regions. The number of households interviewed was 57,023 in 2003, 56,456 in 2008, and 18,822 in 2011. Response rates were 98·3%, 95·0%, and 95·5%, respectively. The number of individuals interviewed was 193,689 in 2003, 177,501 in 2008, and 59,835 in 2011. Between 2003 and 2011, insurance coverage increased from 29·7% (57,526 of 193,689) to 95·7% (57,262 of 59,835, pservices and insurance coverage across and within regions. However, these increases have not been accompanied by reductions in catastrophic health expenses. With the achievement of basic health-services coverage, future challenges include stronger risk protection, and greater efficiency and quality of care. None. Copyright © 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Turismo en espacios naturales: oportunidades en el corredor biológico mesoamericano

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Miguel Panadero Moya

2002-01-01

Full Text Available El Corredor Biológico Mesoamericano es una iniciativa de los presidentes de los Estados centroamericanos para facilitar la integración subregional mediante estrategias fundamentadas en la singularidad e importancia ecológica de sus recursos naturales. Pretende implantar medidas que aseguren la conservación de estos recursos de forma compatible con el aprovechamiento socioeconómico de su potencial turístico. El territorio que lo integra se extiende por todo el istmo centroamericano y posee notables recursos naturales de alto valor ecológico y zonas de interés histórico-artístico con gran importancia cultural. Sus elementos, que se engarzan en una cadena de verdes eslabones de singular vegetación, constituyen reductos de indudable atractivo y aptitud para la práctica del turismo en la naturaleza. La incorporación a los circuitos internacionales de viajeros de este proyecto está limitada por las precarias características socioeconómicas de sus pobladores y por la debilidad de las infraestructuras y equipamientos turísticos de la mayoría de los países implicados en el proyecto. Crear un pasillo biológico en armonía con sus habitantes, en uno de los esfuerzos de conservación para el desarrollo más grande planteado hasta el momento, es la idea de sus promotores que, con esta iniciativa, se muestran participes de la lógica de la globalización.

Los recursos naturales y culturales, 28 de Noviembre, Güer Aike, Santa Cruz: su importancia turística y patrimonial

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Jessica Tamara Paillán

2014-06-01

Full Text Available Este trabajo, tiene por objetivo, identificar los recursos naturales y culturales, que puedan contribuir al desarrollo integral, de la localidad 28 de Noviembre, en la Provincia de Santa Cruz. Esta región contiene recursos naturales muy variados, entre los que se destacan los geológicos, forestales y faunisticos. Y a pesar de ser una localidad relativamente joven, cuenta con una historia cultural muy interesante, posiblemente porque la población del lugar proviene de diferentes lugares del país y del exterior. Ademas se consideran las diferentes actividades económicas de la región, con el propósito de revalorar e incorporar nuevas actividades que impulsen el desarrollo local basadas en lo natural, tradicional, y en las innovaciones tecnológicas del sector.

401(k) plan asset allocation, account balances, and loan activity in 2008.

Science.gov (United States)

VanDerhei, Jack; Holden, Sarah; Alonso, Luis

2009-10-01

Because 401(k) balances can fluctuate with market returns from year to year, meaningful analysis of 401(k) plans must examine how participants' accounts have performed over the long term. Looking at consistent participants in the EBRI/ICI 401(k) database over the five-year period from 2003 to 2008 (which included one of the worst bear markets for stocks since the Great Depression), the study found: After rising in 2003 and for the next four consecutive years, the average 401(k) retirement account fell 24.3 percent in 2008. The average 401(k) account balance moved up and down with stock market performance, but over the entire five-year time period increased at an average annual growth rate of 7.2 percent, attaining $86,513 at year-end 2008. The median (mid-point) 401(k) account balance increased at an average annual growth rate of 11.4 percent over the 2003-2008 period to $43,700 at year-end 2008. THE BULK OF 401(K) ASSETS CONTINUED TO BE INVESTED IN STOCKS. On average, at year-end 2008, 56 percent of 401(k) participants' assets were invested in equity securities through equity funds, the equity portion of balanced funds, and company stock. Forty-one percent was in fixed-income securities such as stable-value investments and bond and money market funds. THREE-QUARTERS OF 401(K) PLANS INCLUDED LIFECYCLE FUNDS IN THEIR INVESTMENT LINEUP AT YEAR-END 2008. At year-end 2008, nearly 7 percent of the assets in the EBRI/ICI 401(k) database were invested in lifecycle funds and 31 percent of 401(k) participants held lifecycle funds. Also known as "target-date" funds, they are designed to simplify investing and automate account rebalancing. NEW EMPLOYEES CONTINUED TO USE BALANCED FUNDS, INCLUDING LIFECYCLE FUNDS. Across all age groups, more new or recent hires invested their 401(k) assets in balanced funds, including lifecycle funds. At year-end 2008, 36 percent of the account balances of recently hired participants in their 20s were invested in balanced funds, compared with

The historical sponges Collection in the Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales (MNCN.CSIC: 1771–1939

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J. I. Sánchez-Almazán

2017-09-01

Full Text Available A study of the collection of historical sponges of the Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales is presented. This collection contains material from three different periods of the institution: the era of the Royal Cabinet of Natural History (1771–1815, the late XIX and the first third of XX century, under the direction of Ignacio Bolívar. There are over 800 specimens (143 species of which 61 (26 species come from the first period: 41 directly from Pedro Franco Dávila Collection or the years when Dávila was director of the Royal Cabinet (1771–1786, 13 from Antonio Parra Collection, six from Rojas Clemente and one from the Malaspina Expedition (1789–1794. The Museum preserves 350 pieces, mostly microscopic slides (over 40 species, from the late nineteenth century. Finally, more than 400 (120 species entered along the period of Ignacio Bolívar as director of the Museum (1901–1939. This work has a threefold objective: 1. To continue the study of the material from the Royal Cabinet, which was commenced during 2003–2007. 2. To present the results of the recovery of more than 400 microscopic slides from late nineteenth and the beginning of XX, a work that commenced in 2014, together with a review of the rest of the material of this period. 3. To investigate the work of Francisco Ferrer Hernández, who highlighted during Bolívar period. Ferrer identified more of 280 specimens and described a dozen of new species.

Biological assessment and streambed-sediment chemistry of streams in the Indianapolis metropolitan area, Indiana, 2003–2008

Science.gov (United States)

Voelker, David C.

2012-01-01

During 2003–2008, the U.S. Geological Survey sampled 13 sites in the Indianapolis metropolitan area in Indiana for benthic invertebrates, fish communities, and streambed-sediment chemistry. Data from seven White River sites and six tributary sites complement surface-water chemistry data collected by the Indianapolis Department of Public Works. The information is being used to assess changes in water quality in conjunction with the City's programs to reduce combined sewer overflows and other point and nonpoint sources of pollution in the Indianapolis area. During the study, 233 benthic-invertebrate taxa were identified from which the Ephemeroptera, Plecoptera, and Trichoptera (EPT) Index, the Hilsenhoff Biotic Index (HBI), and the Invertebrate Community Index (ICI) were calculated. EPT index scores ranged from 2 to 16 on the White River and from 2 to 17 on the tributaries. EPT index scores indicate that these pollution-intolerant taxa are more prevalent upstream from and away from the combined-sewer areas of Indianapolis. HBI scores from sites on the White River ranged from 4.67 (good) to 9.55 (very poor), whereas on the tributaries, scores ranged from 4.21 (very good) to 8.14 (poor). Lower HBI scores suggest that less organic pollution was present and, like the EPT scores, indicate better conditions where combined-sewer overflows (CSOs) are not present. Similarly, ICI scores indicated better conditions upstream from the CSO outfalls on the White River. White River scores ranged from 12 to 46, where higher ICI scores indicate better conditions in the benthic-invertebrate community. ICI scores at the tributary sites ranged from 12 to 52, with the highest scores on streams without CSOs.

El turismo de naturaleza en espacios naturales. El caso del Parque Regional de las Salinas y Arenales de San Pedro del Pinatar

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Gustavo A. Ballesteros Pelegrín

2014-01-01

Full Text Available Los espacios naturales atraen a turistas que buscan el contacto con la naturaleza, surgiendo nuevos productos turísticos. Surgen, de este modo, nuevos productos turísticos. En la oferta de turismo de naturaleza del Parque Regional de las Salinas y Arenales de San Pedro del Pinatar destaca: deportes en la naturaleza, aventura y ecoturismo. Este último se divide en: turismo ornitológico y fotográfico, que junto al tradicional de sol y playa y de salud, se ve favorecido por su situación geográfica, condiciones naturales y amplia oferta hotelera. Sin embargo, el turismo cultural basado en la tradición salinera y pesquera no ha sido desarrollado.

Aplicación del método de elementos naturales a problemas estructurales

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Libardo Andrés González Torres

2008-01-01

Full Text Available El objetivo del presente artículo se enmarca en la revisión de la teoría y la implementación numérica de uno de los métodos numéricos sin malla usados para la solución de problemas de tipo estructural, el método de los elementos naturales (MEN, junto con la contrastación de los resultados obtenidos para dos problemas estructurales elástico-lineales en dos dimensiones con la solución analítica exacta y la aproximada por el método de los elementos finitos (MEF. Se describe la técnica de interpolación usada por el MEN para obtener las funciones de forma y se presen-tan las características más importantes del método en su forma estándar. Se presentan los resultados de dos simula-ciones de problemas estructurales realizadas usando un código escrito en Matlab 6.5 para la solución de ecuacio-nes diferenciales de elasticidad lineal en dominios bidimensionales. Se concluye que el método de los elementos naturales es similar al de los elementos finitos en cuanto a estabilidad y convergencia, con la ventaja de que la ma-lla es generada automáticamente y la no dependencia de la solución aproximada con la distribución de la nube de puntos que define la geometría.

REPRESENTACIONES DE DOCENTES DE CIENCIAS NATURALES: PUNTO DE PARTIDA PARA LA REFLEXIÓN DE LA PRÁCTICA

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Julieta Laudadío

2015-01-01

Full Text Available En este artículo se presentan algunos resultados de un proceso investigativo realizado en la provincia de San Juan de Argentina, en el cual se indagaron las representaciones sociales (RS de un grupo de profesores de Ciencias Naturales en el marco de un taller de educación continua. Para la recopilación de la información se utilizaron: encuestas, observaciones no participantes en el aula, entrevistas individuales y cuestionarios aplicados a los docentes, así como grupos focales en los que se trabajó en la reflexión de los resultados preliminares. En este sentido, se expone el análisis de los resultados obtenidos, los cuales evidenciaron, por un lado, la coherencia entre la realidad del quehacer docente y lo que ellos piensan que hacen y por otro, la necesidad de favorecer la reflexión para que ellos puedan establecer relación entre pensamiento y práctica y de esta forma, evidenciar diferencias e incoherencias, lo cual contribuiría a fortalecer el proceso educativo de las Ciencias Naturales.

[Susceptibility surveillance of clinical isolates to fluoroquinolone antimicrobial agents from 2003 to 2008: post-marketing study of prulifloxacin].

Science.gov (United States)

Kawai, Shin; Yoshida, Atsushi; Okazaki, Mitsuhiro; Tsujihara, Yoshito; Inuzuka, Kazuhisa; Takeuchi, Kazuhide; Yamashita, Naoko; Onodera, Makoto; Hiraishi, Toru; Ida, Takashi; Maebashi, Kazunori

2010-06-01

Yearly changes in the susceptibility of clinical isolates to ulifloxacin (UFX) and other fluoroquinolones were examined through surveys over 3 periods. In the first survey, 534 strains derived from 19 species were collected from clinical specimens during 6 months from December 2003 to May 2004. In the same way, 805 strains were collected from December 2005 to May 2006 in the second survey, and 863 strains were from December 2007 to May 2008 in the third survey. Over these 3 study periods, the susceptibilities of fluoroquinolones against methicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli were decreased. The isolation frequency of levofloxacin-nonsusceptible strain was increased from 0% to 11.8% and from 14.6% to 20.8%, respectively. MIC90s of UFX against these pathogens were also increased, but its MIC90 for E. coli was 2 to 4 times lower than that of levofloxacin. On the other hand, the susceptibility of strains of Klebsiella pneumoniae to UFX was increased. Among the fluoroquinolones tested, UFX showed the most potent activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and no changes in the MIC90s occurred during the surveillance. Although one strain of Streptococcus pneumoniae isolated in the third study period showed levofloxacin-resistance (MIC, 8 microg/mL), there were nearly no changes in the MIC90s of any agents tested including UFX against S. pneumoniae during the surveillance. As for other bacterial species, a tendency to increase in resistance to UFX was not observed. The activity of UFX against Salmonella spp. and Shigella spp. was superior/equal to those of fluoroquinolones tested.

La gestión económica de los recursos naturales y sus críticos

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Carlos Mario Gómez

1998-07-01

Full Text Available El objetivo del trabajo consiste en situar las controversias sobre el análisis económico de la gestión de los recursos naturales alrededor de dos cuestiones centrales: en primer lugar, el juicio de calificación sobre ¿Quién y bose que base califica los problemas ambientales y juzga la deseabilidad de las soluciones alternativas? y, en segundo lugar, ¿Cómo se define, en qué consiste, y que implicaciones prácticas tiene el concepto de escasez económica aplicado a los recursos naturales?. Después de definir el objeto de estudio de la economía de los recursos y de situarla en el contexto del análisis económico, se presentan las principales características del programa de investigación de la economía de los recursos renovables, no renovables y de la ecología de poblaciones y de ecosistemas. Todo esto configura el enfoque general de la economía ambiental que, en lo últimos apartados, se contrasta con la crítica de la misma planteada desde distintos enfoques alternativos.

Factores determinantes de la contaminación ambiental y del uso de los recursos naturales

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Klaus Georg Binder

2002-10-01

Full Text Available Dentro de los factores determinantes de la utilización contaminante del medio ambiente y del uso de los recursos naturales encontramos: el crecimiento demográfico, el desarrollo económico (crecimiento económico, cambio de la estructura económica, progreso técnico, etc. y la concentración espacial de la población y su actividad económica. A causa de la interdependencia entre los factores determinantes de la utilización del medio ambiente, no se puede decir que el crecimiento económico en los países en desarrollo siempre aumente el uso de los recursos naturales y tenga un impacto negativo sobre la calidad del medio ambiente. La afirmación según la cual todo crecimiento económico implica impactos negativos sobre el medio ambiente, se basa en supuestos poco realistas. La magnitud de la economía es solamente uno de los factores que determinan la utilización del medio ambiente. La pregunta decisiva es si los factores determinantes que, tendencialmente, causan una disminución de la utilización del medio ambiente por unidad del producto interno bruto, puedan compensar con creces los impactos negativos del crecimiento económico.

A population-based study of cognitive impairment in socially vulnerable adults in Argentina. The Matanza Riachuelo study preliminary results

Science.gov (United States)

Bartoloni, Leonardo; Blatt, Graciela; Insua, Iván; Furman, Mariano; González, María Agustina; Hermann, Bárbara; Kesselman, Mariana; Massautis, Alicia; Reinado, Alejandra; Senas, Patricia; Yavitz, Claudia; Lejarraga, Horacio; Nunes, Fernando; Arizaga, Raúl Luciano; Allegri, Ricardo F

2014-01-01

Population aging has taken place intensively worldwide, even in developing countries. These countries have population groups with low resources and basic unmet needs that are frequently omitted from epidemiological studies. Objective The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence of cognitive impairment (CI) and dementia in an economic and socially vulnerable population from Argentina. Methods A door-to-door observational population-based survey among adults over 60 years of cognitive impairment and dementia in the social vulnerable area of the Matanza Riachuelo Basin, in the suburban area of Buenos Aires, Argentina was conducted. Trained psychologists interviewed subjects and a proxy informant. A standardized protocol including a socio-demographic questionnaire, the Mini-Mental State Examination, the Geriatric Depression Scale and a functional inventory for IADL and ADL was administered. Diagnoses were divided into three general categories: normal cognitive function, cognitive impairment-no dementia (CIND) and dementia. Results and Conclusions A total of 2437 elderly persons were assessed, of which 73.6% fulfilled inclusion criteria. The prevalence of CI among those over 60 was 26.4% (18.1% CIND and 8.3% dementia) with higher prevalence of dementia in younger individuals than rates reported in developed counties, probably due to low control of vascular risk factors. This information can help inform health public decisions in the generation of programs and plans for the prevention, diagnosis and treatment of cognitive impairment in this type of socially vulnerable population. PMID:29213923

78 FR 64984 - Distribution of the 2000, 2001, 2002 and 2003 Cable Royalty Funds

Science.gov (United States)

2013-10-30

..., pursuant to Chapter 8 of [title 17], conduct a proceeding to determine the distribution of royalty fees... evidentiary value of directly negotiated licenses in setting rates and terms for royalty fees and in... LIBRARY OF CONGRESS Copyright Royalty Board [Docket No. 2008-2 CRB CD 2000-2003 (Phase II...

PREVALENCIA DEL SUICIDIO FEMENINO EN EL QUINDÍO, 1989-2008 - PREVALENCE OF FEMALE SUICIDE IN QUINDIO, 1989-2008

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ÓSCAR MEDINA PEREZ

2009-06-01

Full Text Available This study is aimed to determine the prevalence of female suicide in the department of Quindio in the years 1989-2008. Regarding this, the database of the Sectional Health Institute of Quindio (ISSQ was used. 117 cases of female suicide were reported in the 20 documented years, the most widely used method was intoxication with a prevalence of 51.5%, followed byhanging with 21.2%. The highest rates are found in the period of five years between 1999-2003, period when the department was recovered from the 1999 earthquake. In the period of five years between 2004-2008, the highest rates were between 10 and 19 years old, with a rate of 7.2, and these numbers increased because the group of 10 to 14 years old presented a rate of 4.6.

Optical Monitoring of 3C 66A in 1994–2008 J. Tao1,∗ , JH Fan2, BC ...

Indian Academy of Sciences (India)

sive multiwavelength Whole Earth Blazar Telescope monitoring campaign from. 2003–2004 and from 2007–2008. 2. Observations and data reduction. The observations presented here were obtained with a 1.56-m telescope at SHAO from 13 December 1994 to 9 November 2008. Typical integration times were 120 s.

Más allá de los mitos: análisis de la Cooperación Sur-Sur y Norte-Sur en el Ecuador. Sector Educación, período 2003- 2008

OpenAIRE

Escobar Sánchez, Wladimir Alexander

2012-01-01

La presente tesis de maestría analiza a la cooperación Norte-Sur y Sur-Sur como los dos principales modelos de funcionamiento de la cooperación hoy en día, a través de dos programas de ayuda internacional en el sector educación, en el período 2003-2008. El uno referente a la cooperación Norte-Sur, y el otro a la cooperación Sur-Sur. El propósito que presenta este trabajo académico es explicar a la cooperación internacional al desarrollo tomando en consideración a la teoría real...

The consumption of canned food and beverages and urinary Bisphenol A concentrations in NHANES 2003–2008

Science.gov (United States)

Hartle, Jennifer C.; Navas-Acien; Lawrence, Robert S.

2016-01-01

Background Exposure to Bisphenol A (BPA) is ubiquitous and includes dietary and environmental pathways. BPA is rapidly glucuronidated in the body, and both BPA and its conjugates can be readily measured in urine. Objectives To investigate the contribution of canned food and beverages, known sources of BPA contamination, to BPA biomarkers of exposure using dietary and urinary BPA concentration information in a representative sample of the U.S. population. Methods We evaluated 7,669 NHANES 2003–2008 participants 6 years and older with 24-hour dietary recall information and urinary BPA concentrations available. Using linear regression models, we evaluated the associations between recent canned food and beverage consumption and urinary BPA concentrations, adjusting for potential confounders. Results We found 9% of our participants consumed one canned food in the past 24 hours and 2% consumed two or more canned foods. The consumption of one canned food vs. none was associated with 24% (95% CI 1.11, 1.38) higher urinary BPA concentrations. The consumption of two or more canned foods vs. none was associated with 54% (95% CI 1.27, 1.88) higher urinary BPA concentrations. The consumption of one or more of some specific types of canned foods vs. none were associated with higher urinary BPA concentrations: 41% (95% CI 1.23, 1.63) higher BPA for vegetable and fruit, 70% (95% CI 1.18, 2.44) higher for canned pasta, and 229% (95% CI 1.22, 4.30) higher for canned soup. Canned beverages were not associated with urinary BPA concentrations. Conclusions Canned food, including some specific types such as canned vegetable and fruit, canned pasta, and canned soup were associated with higher levels of urinary BPA concentrations. PMID:27362993

Trends in cancer incidence in Maputo, Mozambique, 1991-2008.

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Cesaltina Lorenzoni

Full Text Available Very limited information is available regarding the incidence of cancer in sub-Saharan Africa. We analyzed changes in cancer patterns from 1991 to 2008 in Maputo (Mozambique.We calculated the rates of incidence of different cancer sites by sex in the 5-year age-group of the population of Maputo city as well as age-standardized rates (ASRs and average annual percentage changes (AAPC.Over the 18-year study period a total of 12,674 cases of cancer (56.9% females were registered with an overall increase in the risk of cancer in both sexes. In males, the most common cancers were those of the prostate, Kaposi sarcoma (KS and the liver. Prostate cancer showed the most dramatic increase over the whole study period (AAPC +11.3%; 95% CI: 9.7-13.0, with an ASR of 61.7 per 105 in 2003-2008. In females, the most frequent cancers were of the uterine cervix, the breast and KS, with the former increasing along the whole study period (AAPC + 4.7%; 95% CI: 3.4-6 with an ASR of 62.0 per 105 in 2003-2008 as well as breast cancer (AAPC +6.5%; 95%CI: 4.3-8.7.Overall, the risk of cancer rose in both sexes during the study period, particularly among cancers associated with westernization of lifestyles (prostate, breast, combined with increasingly rising incidences or limited changes in cancers associated with infection and poverty (uterine cervix, liver. Moreover, the burden of AIDS-associated cancers has shown a marked increase.

Valoración del uso recreativo en los Espacios Naturales Protegidos de la Región de Murcia

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Juan Antonio Sánchez Sáez

2013-01-01

Full Text Available Como repuesta al incremento de la actividad recreati- vo-deportiva en la naturaleza, surge el problema de su correcta gestión. La dificultad de la estimación econó- mica del medio ambiente radica en que es un bien sin mercado, compleja de cuantificar en términos de oferta y demanda, por tanto difícil de determinar una cuantía económica exacta. Sin embargo, mediante los métodos de valoración ambiental, como la valoración contin- gente, y mediante la herramienta de la disponibilidad al pago combinada con la técnica del reconocimiento visual, se alcanzó una estimación económica de cuánto dinero estarían dispuestos los ciclistas (10 € y senderis- tas (20 € a donar por la mejora y conservación de las sendas. A partir del conocimiento de estos datos, los gestores de los parques naturales dispondrán de mayor información para dirigir sus políticas de gestión hacia la elaboración de proyectos de mejora y conservación de los mismos. Es por ello que el objetivo de este estudio fue determinar la disponibilidad al pago (estimación económica por la conservación y mejora de las sendas y caminos para su mejor aprovechamiento recreativo por parte de los usuarios (senderistas y ciclistas de los Espacios Naturales Protegidos de la Región de Murcia. La muestra fue un total de 100 sujetos, de los cuales 50 fueron ciclistas y 50 senderistas. La toma de datos fue distribuida en distintos meses y organizada en dos espacios naturales diferentes.

Acute myocardial infarction mortality in Cuba, 1999-2008.

Science.gov (United States)

Armas, Nurys B; Ortega, Yanela Y; de la Noval, Reinaldo; Suárez, Ramón; Llerena, Lorenzo; Dueñas, Alfredo F

2012-10-01

Acute myocardial infarction is one of the leading causes of death in the world. This is also true in Cuba, where no national-level epidemiologic studies of related mortality have been published in recent years. Describe acute myocardial infarction mortality in Cuba from 1999 through 2008. A descriptive study was conducted of persons aged ≥25 years with a diagnosis of acute myocardial infarction from 1999 through 2008. Data were obtained from the Ministry of Public Health's National Statistics Division database for variables: age; sex; site (out of hospital, in hospital or in hospital emergency room) and location (jurisdiction) of death. Proportions, age- and sex-specific rates and age-standardized overall rates per 100,000 population were calculated and compared over time, using the two five-year time frames within the study period. A total of 145,808 persons who had suffered acute myocardial infarction were recorded, 75,512 of whom died, for a case-fatality rate of 51.8% (55.1% in 1999-2003 and 49.7% in 2004-2008). In the first five-year period, mortality was 98.9 per 100,000 population, falling to 81.8 per 100,000 in the second; most affected were people aged ≥75 years and men. Of Cuba's 14 provinces and special municipality, Havana, Havana City and Camagüey provinces, and the Isle of Youth Special Municipality showed the highest mortality; Holguín, Ciego de Ávila and Granma provinces the lowest. Out-of-hospital deaths accounted for the greatest proportion of deaths in both five-year periods (54.8% and 59.2% in 1999-2003 and 2004-2008, respectively). Although risk of death from acute myocardial infarction decreased through the study period, it remains a major health problem in Cuba. A national acute myocardial infarction case registry is needed. Also required is further research to help elucidate possible causes of Cuba's high acute myocardial infarction mortality: cardiovascular risk studies, studies of out-of-hospital mortality and quality of care

Inventory compilation of F-gases 2008. Data on HFCs, PFCs, and SF{sub 6} for the national emissions reporting under the Framework Convention on Climate Change for the reporting year 2008; Emissionen fluorierter Treibhausgase in Deutschland 2008. Inventarermittlung der F-Gase 2008 Daten von HFKW, FKW und SF6 fuer die nationale Emissionsberichterstattung gemaess Klimarahmenkonvnention fuer das Berichtsjahr 2008

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Schwarz, Winfried [Oeko-Recherche Buero fuer Umweltforschung und -beratung GmbH, Frankfurt/Main (Germany)

2010-06-15

This report presents the 2008 data on the German emissions of the fluorinated greenhouse gases HFCs, PFCs, and SF{sub 6} (F-gases) to be entered into the ZSE (Centralised System of Emissions at the German Environmental Agency). The overall emissions of HFCs, PFCs, and SF6 have doubled from 1995 to 2008, from 3,241 to 7,202 metric tons. In terms of global warming, the emissions in 2008 exceeded again the 1995 level, with 18.0 vs. 15.5 million tons CO{sub 2} equivalent. Against the previous your, the emissions in metric units have decreased the first time since 1995, however the global warming emissions, have increased by further 0.7 million t CO{sub 2} equivalent. PFC emissions remained in 2008 at the 2007 level although they show a constant down trend from 1995 onwards. Emissions of SF6, which had decreased before 2002, are increasing again from 2003/04. HFC emissions, which continue rising since 1995, stopped growing in 2008 due to a consumption drop in the foam sector. They represent almost two thirds of the total German F-gas emissions. However, only refrigeration and air conditioning are still substantial applications of HFCs, while in the formerly large application sectors of CFCs and HCFCs, such as hard foam, fire extinguishers, and aerosols, natural fluids are being used widely, today. In stationary refrigeration and mobile air conditioning, the upward trend in HFCs emissions was still ongoing in 2008. Section I of this report presents the F-gas emissions data for 2008, in addition to those in 1995, 2000, 2004, and 2007. In section II the data sources of survey are documented. Section III presents the F-gas emissions 1995 - 2008 in detailed tables, by individual sectors. (orig.)

Conservación de la naturaleza en propiedad privada: las Reservas Naturales de la Sociedad Civil en el Valle del Cauca

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Melissa Quintero López

2016-01-01

Full Text Available Las Reservas Naturales de la Sociedad Civil en Colombia cumplen un papel importante en la conservación de ecosistemas. En este trabajo se investiga por qué los dueños de áreas privadas en el departamento del Valle del Cauca conservan la naturaleza en sus propiedades. Se consideran las explicaciones entre la teoría económica de la elección racional, la teoría económica sobre los comportamientos altruistas y recíprocos y la teoría de la psicología social sobre los valores de orientación cultural. Se encuentra que las razones predominantes para la conformación de las reservas naturales son el interés propio y la valoración de la naturaleza por parte de sus dueños.

La descentralización democrática de los recursos naturales: La institucionalización de la participación popular

OpenAIRE

Ribot, J.

2002-01-01

La descentralización democrática es un manera prometedora de institucionalizar y de aumentar la participación popular, que hace que sea eficaz la gestión participativa de los recursos naturales basada en la comunidad.

La colección de Ictiología del Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales (CSIC

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Dorda, J.

1997-12-01

Full Text Available The characteristics and peculiarities of the Collection of Ichthyology of the Spanish Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales is presented. The principal contributions wich have reached the collection in nearly 200 years of history, as well as the materials which procede from the work of the teams of investigation of the Museum, has supposed a growth in turn of 400% in the last 15 years. A report of the catalogues published about this collection is offered and information over its composition taxonomic and geographic origen is given. A list of series and specimen type is also given.

Se presentan las características y peculiaridades de la Colección de ictiología del Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales. Se relacionan los principales aportes llegados a la colección en cerca de 200 años de historia, así como los materiales procedentes del trabajo de los equipos de investigación del Museo que han supuesto un crecimiento en torno al 400% en los últimos 15 años. Se ofrece una relación de los catálogos publicados sobre esta colección y se da información sobre su composición taxonómica y origen geográfico. Se da también un listado de series y ejemplares tipo.

La colección de Entomología del Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales (CSIC

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Izquierdo, I.

1997-12-01

Full Text Available The present paper gives information on the volume and taxonomic and faunistic composition of the Entomology Collection of the Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales (MNCN in Madrid, Spain. An abstract of the inventory, including number of specimens and genera, number of type specimens and taxa represented by them, revisors, consultants, etc. is displayed. Different aspects of the facilities for consulting the collection and contact ways are commented. Several catalogues and publications on the housed materials in the Entomology Collection are listed as an Appendix.

En el presente trabajo se aporta información sobre el volumen y la composición taxonómica y faunística de la colección de Entomología del Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales (MNCN de Madrid, España. Se ofrece un extracto de su inventario, aportando el número de ejemplares y géneros, número de especímenes tipo y táxones representados por ellos, revisores, consultores, etc. También se comentan diversos aspectos de la utilización de la colección y las vías de acceso a la misma. En un Apéndice se listan algunos catálogos y publicaciones elaboradas sobre material depositado en la colección de Entomología.

Vulnerabilidades frente amenazas naturales en establecimientos de salud de la Provincia de Santa Elena

OpenAIRE

Bertha De Monserrate

2015-01-01

Un equipo de análisis de riesgos de la Universidad Estatal Península de Santa Elena y Cooperazione Internationale durante el año 2010, llevó a cabo un estudio de vulnerabilidad de los establecimientos de salud de la provincia de Santa Elena frente a amenazas naturales de tsunami, inundación, erosión y movimiento en masa. El objetivo: evaluar los establecimientos de salud por tipos y nivel de atención, mediante la aplicación de los estándares establecidos en el Manual de Licenciamiento de Mini...

TELEVISIÓN EDUCATIVA Y DESASTRES NATURALES: ESCOLARES CHILENOS Y SUS PROFESORAS VALORAN USO DEL VIDEO EDUCATIVO EN EL AULA

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Carolina Rodríguez Malebrán

2016-01-01

Full Text Available El uso del video educativo como recurso didáctico ha permitido complementar el aprendizaje del estudiantado y apoyar el trabajo de los y las docentes. Si bien, en internet existen numerosos sitios especializados con videos educativos que pueden ser utilizados por los profesores y las profesoras en sus clases, la gran mayoría de estos recursos no han sido valorados por su principal público: estudiantes y docentes. El presente artículo describe la valoración que estudiantes de sexto año básico de la escuela pública David León Tapia, de la localidad de Tongoy en Chile, realizaron del video educativo “Benvoy y las hormigas”, que busca apoyar el aprendizaje del alumnado sobre los desastres naturales, sus causas, consecuencias y prevención. Para ello se solicitó a 27 alumnos y alumnas que contestaran una encuesta, luego de haber observado el video educativo dentro de su sala de clases, posteriormente se aplicaron entrevistas semiestructuradas a las docentes del curso. Se les consultó por preferencias de contenidos, tipos de recursos para el aprendizaje y relación con su entorno. Podemos concluir que la mayoría de los y las estudiantes que participaron en la encuesta indicaron que el video “Benvoy y las hormigas” les había ayudado a comprender los desastres naturales, calificándolo positivamente. Sobre los contenidos, los y las escolares mostraron preferencia por los capítulos sobre la prevención y normas de seguridad que se deben tomar ante desastres naturales y, en segundo lugar, las causas y consecuencias de los tsunamis. Las docentes, por su parte, destacaron la trama y la relación de los personajes con la vida cotidiana de los estudiantes.

DESNITRIFICACION BIOLOGICA USANDO SUSTRATOS SOLIDOS ORGANICOS NATURALES COMO DONANTE DE ELECTRONES Y FUENTE DE CARBONO

OpenAIRE

DEAGO DE LEON, EUCLIDES MANUEL

2014-01-01

Los estudios sobre el aprovechamiento de Sustratos Sólidos Orgánicos Naturales (SSON) como fuentes alternativas de carbono orgánico, son importantes para establecer la factibilidad de su aplicación en la desnitrificación del agua. Los estudios sobre la materia indican que es posible usar SSON; sin embargo, aspectos como la liberación del carbono orgánico no está claramente establecido. En este estudio se bordaron los siguientes aspectos (i) factores que controlan la liberación ...

Os efeitos da crise financeira de 2008 no valor das empresas e nos ativos intangíveis

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Jonatas Dutra Sallaberry

2015-01-01

Full Text Available Este estudio tuvo como objetivo analizar e identificar lo que pasó con los activos intangibles y el valor de mercado en la crisis de 2008. La muestra fue tomada de la base de datos Economática® en 40 períodos trimestrales desde 2003 hasta 2012. El análisis identificó la relación de intangibles en el tiempo y en tiempos de crisis financiera y la crisis financ iera, se redujo en un 74 %, superior a BRL 1,5 billones de pérdida entre 2007 y 2008. El valor de mercado aumentó de BRL 2 billones entre 2003 y 2007, mientras que los fondos propios se mantuvo en crecimiento continuo. Por lo tanto, se concluyó que el mercado de capitales en Brasil tuvo una expansión significativa de sus activos intangibles, como los mercados emergentes y en desarrollo, y durante la crisis financiera de 2008, lo intangible y los inversores sufrieron pérdidas de BRL 1,2 y 1,5 billones, respectivamente.

Time-Consistency Problem and the Behavior of US Inflation from 1970 to 2008

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Nonejad, Nima

show that the Federal Reserve places more weight on inflation stabilization throughout the bigger part of the 1980s and 1990s while on the other hand the Federal Reserve is pursuing a policy of placing more weight on its goals for unemployment reduction in the 1970s and from 2003 to 2008....

Actividad antioxidante de compuestos naturales nitrogenados

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Maestro-Durán, R.

1993-06-01

Full Text Available As a continuation of the study of natural antioxidants, this third part deals with nitrogeneous compounds, classified in the following groups.

Factores determinantes de la contaminación ambiental y del uso de los recursos naturales

OpenAIRE

Klaus Georg Binder

2002-01-01

Dentro de los factores determinantes de la utilización contaminante del medio ambiente y del uso de los recursos naturales encontramos: el crecimiento demográfico, el desarrollo económico (crecimiento económico, cambio de la estructura económica, progreso técnico, etc.) y la concentración espacial de la población y su actividad económica. A causa de la interdependencia entre los factores determinantes de la utilización del medio ambiente, no se puede decir que el crecimiento económico en los ...

LOS DESASTRES NATURALES Y LOS MEDIOS EN COLOMBIA: ¿INFORMACIÓN PARA LA PREVENCIÓN?

OpenAIRE

Hermelin Daniel

2008-01-01

En Colombia se ha estudiado poco la relación entre la sociedad y el tratamiento que hacen los medios de comunicación de los desastres naturales. Este es un objeto de estudio que le concierne el campo de investigación denominado comunicación de las ciencias. En este sentido, se necesitan enfoques transdiscplinarios que permitan entender las condiciones de producción de la información, la construcción mediática de los acontecimientos y las percepciones y apropiaciones por parte del público ...

The Abel Prize 2008-2012

CERN Document Server

Piene, Ragni

2014-01-01

Covering the years 2008-2012, this book profiles the life and work of recent winners of the Abel Prize:   ·         John G. Thompson and Jacques Tits, 2008 ·         Mikhail Gromov, 2009 ·         John T. Tate Jr., 2010 ·         John W. Milnor, 2011 ·         Endre Szemerédi, 2012. The profiles feature autobiographical information as well as a description of each mathematician's work. In addition, each profile contains a complete bibliography, a curriculum vitae, as well as photos — old and new. As an added feature, interviews with the Laureates are presented on an accompanying web site (http://extras.springer.com/).   The book also presents a  history of the Abel Prize written by the historian Kim Helsvig, and includes a facsimile of a letter from Niels Henrik Abel, which is transcribed, translated into English, and placed into historical perspective by Christian Skau.    This book follows on The Abel Prize: 2003-2007, The First Five Years (Springer, 2010),...

Japan 2003

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Ørstrup, Finn Rude; Hvass, Sven

2003-01-01

Kompendium udarbejdet til en studierejse til Japan  2003 Kunstakademiets Arkitektskole, Studieafdeling 10......Kompendium udarbejdet til en studierejse til Japan  2003 Kunstakademiets Arkitektskole, Studieafdeling 10...

Workshop on nuclear structure and decay data: Theory and evaluation, 2008

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Nichols, A.L.; McLaughlin, P.K.

2008-06-01

A two-week Workshop on Nuclear Structure and Decay Data under the auspices of the IAEA Nuclear Data Section was organised and held at the Abdus Salam International Centre for Theoretical Physics (ICTP) in Trieste, Italy from 28 April to 9 May 2008. This workshop constituted a further development of previous Nuclear Structure and Decay Data Workshops held in 2002, 2003, 2005 and 2006. The aims and contents of the 2008 workshop are summarized, along with the agenda, list of participants, comments and recommendations. All recent workshop material has been assembled in this INDC report, and is also freely available on CD-ROM (all relevant PowerPoint presentations and manuals along with appropriate computer codes). (author)

Catálogo de las muestras de fauna de la Comunidad de Madrid conservadas en la colección de Tejidos y ADN del Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Rey, I.

2006-05-01

Full Text Available This work presents the catalogue of preserved samples of animal species (vertebrate and invertebrate from Comunidad de Madrid kept in the Tissues and DNA Collection of the Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales. Percentages are shown, calculated against the total number of samples and animal class kept in the collection. This information shows the effort developed by the Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales to preserve at the genomic level the greatest possible level of genomic biodiversity in Comunidad de Madrid.

Este trabajo presenta el catálogo de muestras conservadas en la colección de Tejidos y ADN de las especies animales (vertebrados e invertebrados de la Comunidad de Madrid. Se proporcionan los porcentajes frente al total de las muestras conservadas en la colección y las clases animales representadas. Esta información pone de manifiesto el esfuerzo que el Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales realiza para conservar a nivel genómico el mayor porcentaje posible de la diversidad actual de la Comunidad de Madrid.

Televisión educativa y desastres naturales: estudiantes chilenos y sus profesoras valoran uso del video educativo en el aula

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Rodríguez Malebrán, Carolina

2016-05-01

Full Text Available El uso del video educativo como recurso didáctico ha permitido complementar el aprendizaje del estudiantado y apoyar el trabajo de los y las docentes. Si bien, en internet existen numerosos sitios especializados con videos educativos que pueden ser utilizados por los profesores y las profesoras en sus clases, la gran mayoría de estos recursos no han sido valorados por su principal público: estudiantes y docentes. El presente artículo describe la valoración que estudiantes de sexto año básico de la escuela pública David León Tapia, de la localidad de Tongoy en Chile, realizaron del video educativo “Benvoy y las hormigas”, que busca apoyar el aprendizaje del alumnado sobre los desastres naturales, sus causas, consecuencias y prevención. Para ello se solicitó a 27 alumnos y alumnas que contestaran una encuesta, luego de haber observado el video educativo dentro de su sala de clases, posteriormente se aplicaron entrevistas semiestructuradas a las docentes del curso. Se les consultó por preferencias de contenidos, tipos de recursos para el aprendizaje y relación con su entorno. Podemos concluir que la mayoría de los y las estudiantes que participaron en la encuesta indicaron que el video “Benvoy y las hormigas” les había ayudado a comprender los desastres naturales, calificándolo positivamente. Sobre los contenidos, los y las escolares mostraron preferencia por los capítulos sobre la prevención y normas de seguridad que se deben tomar ante desastres naturales y, en segundo lugar, las causas y consecuencias de los tsunamis. Las docentes, por su parte, destacaron la trama y la relación de los personajes con la vida cotidiana de los estudiantes.

PREFACE: The International Conference on Highly Frustrated Magnetism HFM2008

Science.gov (United States)

Eremin, Ilya; Brenig, Wolfram; Kremer, Reinhard; Litterst, Jochen

2009-01-01

The International Conference on Highly Frustrated Magnetism 2008 (HFM2008) took place on 7-12 September 2008 at the Technische Universität Carolo-Wilhelmina zu Braunschweig, Germany. This conference was the fourth event in a series of meetings, which started in Waterloo, Canada (HFM 2000), followed by the second one in Grenoble, France (HFM 2003), and the third meeting in Osaka, Japan (HFM 2006). HFM2008 attracted more than 220 participants from all over the world. The number of participants of the HFM conference series has been increasing steadily, from about 80 participants at HFM 2000, to 120 participants at HFM 2003, and 190 participants at HFM 2006, demonstrating that highly frustrated magnetism remains a rapidly growing area of research in condensed matter physics. At the end of HFM2008 it was decided that the next International Conference on Highly Frustrated Magnetism will be held in Baltimore, USA in 2010. HFM2008 saw four plenary talks by R Moessner, S Nakatsuji, S-W Cheong, and S Sachdev, 18 invited presentations, 30 contributed talks and about 160 poster presentations from all areas of frustrated magnetism. The subjects covered by the conference included: Kagome systems Itinerant frustrated systems Spinels and pyrochlore materials Triangular systems Unconventional order and spin liquids Chain systems Chain systems Novel frustrated systems This volume of Journal of Physics: Conference Series contains the proceedings of HFM2008 with 83 papers that provide a scientific record of the scientific topics covered by the conference. All articles have been refereed by experts in the field. It is our hope that the reader will enjoy and profit from the HFM2008 Proceedings. Ilya Eremin Proceedings Editor Wolfram Brenig, Reinhard Kremer, and Jochen Litterst Co-Editors International Advisory Board L Balents (USA) F Becca (Italy) S Bramwell (UK) P Fulde (Germany) B D Gaulin (Canada) J E Greedan (Canada) A Harrison (France) Z Hiroi (Japan) H Kawamura (Japan) A Keren

Colombian health care system: results on equity for five health dimensions, 2003 - 2008 Análisis de la equidad en cinco dimensiones del sistema de salud de Colombia, 2003 - 2008

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Fernando Ruiz Gómez

2013-02-01

Full Text Available OBJECTIVE: To assess the change in five health equity dimensions for the Colombian health system: health condition, social health insurance coverage, health services utilization, quality, and health expenditure. METHODS: A common standardization methodology was used to assess equity in countries in the western hemisphere. Data come from the Colombian Life Quality Survey. After indirect standardization, concentration indices and horizontal inequity were estimated. A decomposition analysis was developed. Aggregate household monthly expenditure per equivalent adult was considered as the standard of living. RESULTS: Results show important progress in equity with regard to social health insurance affiliation, access to medicine and curative services, and perception of the quality of health care service. Important gaps persist, which affect poorer populations, especially their perception of having a bad health condition and their access to preventive medical and dental services. CONCLUSIONS: The Colombian model needs to advance in implementing preventive public health strategies to cope with increasing demand concomitant with increased social insurance coverage. The population's access to total services in cases of chronic illness and oral health services must increase and benefit plans must be integrated while preserving the recorded achievements in equity. Decomposition of the concentration index shows that inequities are mostly explained by socioeconomic variables and not by health-related factors.OBJETIVO: Evaluar la evolución de la equidad en el sistema de salud colombiano, según cinco dimensiones: condición de salud, cobertura del seguro social de salud, utilización de los servicios de salud, calidad y gasto en salud. MÉTODOS: Se utilizó una metodología común de estandarización para evaluar la equidad en países del continente americano. Los datos se tomaron de la Encuesta de Calidad de Vida de 2003 y 2008. Después de la estandarizaci

New insights into the Middle Jurassic floras of Sardinia (Italy) : the Miccolis Collection at the Museo di Storia Naturale of Venice, Italy

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Scanu, Giovanni G.; Kustatscher, E.; Pittau, Paola; van Konijnenburg - van Cittert, J.H.A.

2016-01-01

The fossil plants of the Domenico Miccolis Collection, stored at the Museo di Storia Naturale of Venice (Italy), are from the Middle Jurassic Genna Selole Formation of central Sardinia. The assemblage contains 11 taxa: Marattia intermedia, Phlebopteris muensteri, P. braunii, Coniopteris sp. cf. C.

Forecasting forest chip energy production in Finland 2008-2014

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Linden, Mikael

2011-01-01

Energy policy measures aim to increase energy production from forest chips in Finland to 10 TWh by year 2010. However, on the regional level production differences are large, and the regional estimates of the potential base of raw materials for the production of forest chips are heterogeneous. In order to analyse the validity of the above target, two methods are proposed to derive forecasts for region-level energy production from forest chips in Finland in the years 2008-2014. The plant-level data from 2003-2007 gives a starting point for a detailed statistical analysis of present and future region-level forest chip production. Observed 2008 regional levels are above the estimated prediction 95% confidence intervals based on aggregation of plant-level time averages. A simple time trend model with fixed-region effects provides accurate forecasts for the years 2008-2014. Forest chip production forecast confidence intervals cover almost all regions for the 2008 levels and the estimates of potential production levels for 2014. The forecast confidence intervals are also derived with re-sampling methods, i.e. with bootstrap methods, to obtain more reliable results. Results confirm that a general materials shortfall is not expected in the near future for forest chip energy production in Finland.

Moscas minadoras del girasol y sus enemigos naturales

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

VALLADARES, G

2011-08-01

Full Text Available Las “moscas minadoras” se caracterizan por excavar túneles (“minas” en el interior de las hojas, consumiendo el mesófilo y dejando intacta la epidermis foliar o, al menos, su pared externa. Hay especies cuyas larvas, en lugar de realizar estas galerías en las hojas, viven y se alimentan en el interior de otros tejidos vegetales,barrenando tallos, semillas, frutos, etc. Por consiguiente, y desde el punto de vista del posible control biológico de estos organismos perjudiciales, resulta de sumo interés el hecho de poder identificar las distintas especies a través del daño que efectúan a la planta hospedera. En consecuencia, se brinda una clave práctica para el reconocimiento de las especies asociadas al cultivo de girasol, a partir de la observación del daño y también una síntesis de la información disponible sobre cada una de ellas. Por último, y teniendo en cuenta que los enemigos naturales (particularmente los parasitoides, ejercen un efecto importante sobre las poblacionesde las moscas minadoras, se presenta información sobre los organismos benéficos asociados a agromícidos del girasol, como posibles agentes de regulación.

Control biológico de moscas blancas en cultivo de tomate: interacciones entre sus enemigos naturales

OpenAIRE

Moreno Ripoll, Rafael

2011-01-01

[spa] Para obtener un control biológico adecuado de las plagas presentes en un cultivo es importante determinar las relaciones tróficas que existen entre los enemigos naturales y su efecto sobre el control de estas plagas. Dos de estas interacciones, la depredación intragremial y el canibalismo, pueden condicionar el éxito de los programas de control biológico produciendo efectos aditivos o negativos sobre las poblaciones de la plaga. Para determinar la ingesta de todos los estados de desarro...

Poverty Monitor 2003

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Cok Vrooman; Henk-Jan Dirven; Stella Hoff; Ger Linden

2003-01-01

Original title: Armoedemonitor 2003. The Poverty Monitor 2003 (Armoedemonitor 2003) contains the most up-to-date figures on poverty in the Netherlands. The data were collected and analysed by the Netherlands Institute for Social Research/SCP and Statistics Netherlands (CBS). The extent of and

Radon campaigns. Status report 2008; Radontalkoot. Tilannekatsaus 2008

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Arvela, H.; Valmari, T.; Reisbacka, H.; Niemelae, H.; Oinas, T.; Maekelaeinen, I.; Laitinen-Sorvari, R.

2008-12-15

Radon campaigns aim at activating citizens to make indoor radon measurements and remediation as well as increasing the common awareness of indoor radon questions. Indoor radon increases the risk of lung cancer. Through radon campaigns Radiation and Nuclear Safety Authority (STUK) also promotes the attainment of those goals that the Ministry of Social Affairs and Health has set for municipal authorities in Finland for prevention of the harmful effects of radon. The Ministry of Social Affairs and Health supports this campaign. Radon campaigns were started in autumn 2003. By autumn 2008 the campaigns have been organised already in 64 regions altogether in 160 municipalities. In some municipalities they have already arranged two campaigns. Altogether 14 100 houses have been measured and in 2 100 of these the action limit of radon remediation 400 Bq / m3 has been exceeded. When participating in radon campaigns the house owners receive a special offer on radon detectors with a reduced price. In 2008 a new practice was introduced where the campaign advertisements were distributed by mail to low-rise residential houses in a certain region. The advertisement includes an order / deposit slip with postage paid that the house owner can send directly to STUK to easily make an order for radon measurement. In the previous radon campaigns in 2003 - 2007 the municipal authorities collected the orders from house owners and distributed later the radon detectors. The radon concentrations measured in the campaign regions have exceeded the action limit of 400 Bq / m3 in 0 - 39% of houses, depending on the region. The total of 15% of all measurements made exceeded this limit. The remediation activities have been followed by sending a special questionnaire on remedies performed to the house owners. In 2006 - 2007 a questionnaire was sent to those households where the radon concentration of 400 Bq / m3 was exceeded during the two first campaign seasons. Among the households that replied

El aprendizaje de los números naturales con la ayuda de material didáctico

OpenAIRE

Llorente Bartolomé, José María

2014-01-01

Este Trabajo de Fin de Grado trata el concepto de número natural: el aprendizaje de los números naturales y de las operaciones básicas, destacando el material didáctico que se puede utilizar para favorecer su aprendizaje. En este documento se ofrece una visión global del procedimiento lógico-matemático que lleva a la adquisición, por parte del niño, del concepto de número, de las relaciones entre números y de las primeras operaciones. También se ofrece una propuesta didáctica de activid...

La regla de Hotelling para la gestión óptima de recursos naturales no renovables

OpenAIRE

González Cabezudo, Clara

2015-01-01

El problema de la escasez de los recursos naturales no renovables es importante debido a que estos recursos son una de las principales fuentes del crecimiento económico, por lo que su agotamiento podría afectar al mismo. Con la Regla de Hotelling se analiza la forma óptima de extracción de los recursos evitando el agotamiento de las reservas, y maximizando, además, los beneficios del propietario de dicho recurso. Departamento de Economía Aplicada Grado en Administración y Dirreción de E...

Elaboración de crema antiestrías a partir de productos naturales a escala de laboratorio

OpenAIRE

Cárdenas Vallejo, Liliana; Rojas Gómez, Laura Milena

2007-01-01

Para iniciar con la elaboración de la crema antiestrías se lleva a cabo un estudio y una investigación detallada de cada una de las materias primas a utilizar de acuerdo con la composición de una fórmula general para cremas de belleza, que permita involucrar los principios activos de los extractos naturales. Para las materias primas se evalúan las propiedades, el costo y la fácil adquisición en el mercado.

Solar Energy Campaign. 2008 Norwegian student-based web campaign

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Randall, Scott

2009-07-01

Student research campaigns (forskningskampanjer) have been an annual event in connection to Research Days (Forskningsdagene) since 2003 in Norway. The campaigns invite students from all over the country to participate in a common scientific research event, always connected to a special environmentally related theme - for example Air Quality in the Classroom (2003), Pollution along Roads (2004), Bacteria in Drinking Water (2005), and The Rain Check (2006). The year 2008, as with previous years, was overshadowed by the topic of climate change, and the specific role of humans. The research campaign theme for 2008 fit well into this focus: the potential benefits of solar energy as an alternative energy source. The campaign also was aligned with the Research Days theme of alternative energy sources and technologies. The campaign included the hands-on activity of assembling a solar panel and taking measurements with the device to determine efficiency, as well as a questionnaire to record the results and ask deeper questions regarding alternative energy and climate change. The results gained from data analysis of the campaign show that students were able to gain maximum efficient solar power from the devices they constructed, which gave them a solid understanding of solar power technology. Analysis of the campaign questionnaire in regards to the activity shows that students believe that solar energy should be better utilized as an energy source in Norway. (Also in Norwegian OR 24/2009). (Author)

Diagnóstico de un caso de rabia humana en Jujuy, 2008 Diagnosis of a human rabies case in Jujuy, 2008

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Federico Gury-Dohmen

2009-12-01

Full Text Available El 22 de Julio de 2008, un niño de 8 años de edad, residente en la provincia de Jujuy, Argentina, falleció por una encefalitis producida por el virus de la rabia. El diagnóstico se realizó mediante la detección de anticuerpos en suero y se confirmó por inmunofluorescencia en el cerebro. La tipificación antigénica correspondió a la variante 1 trasmitida por perros. El análisis molecular estableció que el virus detectado es de la misma variante genética que circula en Jujuy desde 2003. Este trabajo resume la evolución clínica del paciente y la posterior investigación epidemiológica que reveló el antecedente de mordedura por un perro 60 días antes de la iniciación de la enfermedad y la ausencia de un tratamiento antirrábico post-exposición.On July 22, 2008, a previously healthy 8 years old boy from Jujuy, Argentina, died of encephalitis later confirmed as rabies. Diagnosis was made on the basis rabies-specific antibodies presence in a serum sample and it was confirmed by detection of the viral antigens in brain necropsy using the inmunofluorescent test. Antigenic characterization identified dog as source of infection. Molecular analysis recognized the same genetic variant circulating in Jujuy since 2003. This report presents the patient's clinical course and the epidemiologic investigation that revealed a dog bite 60 days before the illness onset and the lack of rabies treatment.

Impact of the Economic Downturn on Elective Cervical Spine Surgery in the United States: A National Trend Analysis, 2003-2013.

Science.gov (United States)

Bernstein, David N; Jain, Amit; Brodell, David; Li, Yue; Rubery, Paul T; Mesfin, Addisu

2016-12-01

To analyze overall trends of elective cervical spine surgery in the United States from 2003 to 2013 with the goal of determining whether the economic downturn had an impact. Codes from the International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision, Clinical Modification were used to identify elective cervical spine surgery procedures in the Nationwide Inpatient Sample from 2003 to 2013. National Health Expenditure, gross domestic product, and S&P 500 Index were used as measures of economic performance. The economic downturn was defined as 2008-2009. Confidence intervals were determined using subgroup analysis techniques. Linear regressions were completed to determine the association between surgery trends and economic conditions. From 2003 to 2013, posterior cervical fusions saw a 102.7% increase. During the same time frame, there was a 7.4% and 14.7% decrease in the number of anterior cervical diskectomy and fusions (ACDFs) and posterior decompressions, respectively. The trend of elective cervical spine surgeries per 100,000 persons in the U.S. population may have been affected by the economic downturn from 2008 to 2009 (-0.03% growth). The percentage of procedures paid for by private insurance decreased from 2003 to 2013 for all ACDFs, posterior cervical fusions, and posterior decompressions. The linear regression coefficients (β) and R 2 values between the number of surgeries and each of the macroeconomic factors analyzed were not statistically significant. The overall elective cervical spine surgery trend was not likely impacted by the economic downturn. Posterior cervical fusions grew significantly from 2003 to 2013, whereas ACDFs and posterior decompressions decreased. Copyright © 2016 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Política de Saúde Bucal no Brasil 2003-2014: cenário, propostas, ações e resultados

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Sônia Cristina Lima Chaves

Full Text Available Resumo Este estudo analisou a implementação da Política de Saúde Bucal no Brasil de 2003 a 2014, caracterizando cenários, ações institucionais do poder executivo nos componentes do sistema de saúde em três governos. Realizou-se análise documental das tomadas de decisão da Coordenação Geral de Saúde Bucal do Ministério da Saúde através de documentos de setores estratégicos do governo disponíveis nos sítios da internet, como portal da transparência e Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística. Este estudo apontou crescimento na oferta e cobertura potencial de serviços públicos odontológicos entre 2003 e 2006 e certa manutenção nos períodos 2007-2010 e 2011-2014. Houve ampliação do financiamento nominal, infraestrutura e recursos humanos. Os recursos repassados para estados e municípios passaram de 83,4 milhões em 2003 para 916 milhões em 2014, aumento de 10,9 vezes no período. O uso dos serviços odontológicos no SUS entre 2003-2008 manteve-se constante em torno de 30%. Houve aumento do uso dos serviços odontológicos privados (64,4% em 2003, 69,6% em 2008 e 74,3% em 2013. O componente do modelo de atenção foi o menos abordado nos três governos, constituindo-se em lacuna com repercussões nos resultados requerendo adoção de medidas futuras por parte dos gestores.

La mortalidad por armas de fuego en Argentina entre 1990 y 2008 Firearm mortality in Argentina, 1990-2008

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Marina Gabriela Zunino

2012-04-01

Full Text Available Este es un estudio epidemiológico descriptivo de la mortalidad por armas de fuego en Argentina, 1990-2008. Se analizaron los porcentajes y las tasas de mortalidad por armas de fuego entre las jurisdicciones del país. Los datos provienen de la Dirección de Estadística e Información en Salud, Ministerio de Salud y Ambiente, República Argentina. Entre 1990-2008 se produjeron 358.484 muertes por causas externas de las cuales el 16,6% (59.339 correspondieron a armas de fuego. La Provincia de Buenos Aires presentó el porcentaje y tasas cruda y ajustada superiores. Las jurisdicciones de la Región Pampeana (incluye Provincia de Buenos Aires presentaron un perfil más homogéneo y similar al del país: aumento de las tasas en 1999-2002 y disminución en 2003-2006. Estos hallazgos se explicarían en parte por el deterioro socioeconómico vivido en Argentina a fines del siglo XX, que habría tenido mayor impacto en Provincia de Buenos Aires, por ser ésta una de las provincias con mayor desarrollo y dinamismo económico de Argentina. La situación de Provincia de Buenos Aires habría estado agravada por el hecho de tener una de las fuerzas policiales más represivas del país.This is a descriptive epidemiological study of firearm mortality in Argentina, 1990-2008. The study compared the firearm mortality percentages and rates between the country's jurisdictions. The data are from the Office of Health Statistics and Information, Ministry of Health. From 1990 to 2008 there were 358,484 deaths from external causes, of which 16.6% (59,339 were caused by firearms. The Province of Buenos Aires showed the highest percentage and crude and adjusted rates. The jurisdictions in the Pampeana region (including the Province of Buenos Aires showed a more homogeneous profile, similar to that of the country as a whole, with an increase in the rates from 1999 to 2002 and a decrease from 2003 to 2006. These findings are partially explained by the country

Estado de la susceptibilidad de poblaciones naturales del vector del dengue a insecticidas en trece localidades de Colombia

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Liliana Santacoloma

2012-09-01

Full Text Available Introducción. La resistencia fisiológica de las poblaciones naturales de Aedes aegypti a losinsecticidas de uso en salud pública, disminuye la eficacia del control químico utilizado para interrumpirla transmisión de dengue durante los brotes y epidemias. Objetivo. Determinar el estado de la susceptibilidad al carbamato propoxur, a los organofosforadosadulticidas malatión y fenitrotión y al larvicida temefos, de 13 poblaciones naturales de Ae. aegypti enocho municipios: una de Bucaramanga y dos de Sabana de Torres en el departamento de Santander;dos de Girardot y dos de La Mesa en Cundinamarca; dos de Villavicencio y dos de Puerto López en el Meta; una de San José del Guaviare, en Guaviare, y una de Florencia en Caquetá. Materiales y métodos. Las pruebas de susceptibilidad consistieron en bioensayos estandarizados dela Organización Mundial de la Salud (OMS, 1981, y botellas de los Centers for Disease Control andPrevention (CDC, 1998. Se aplicaron pruebas colorimétricas para determinar los niveles de enzimascomo posibles responsables de la reducción de la susceptibilidad a insecticidas organofosforados y alcarbamato propoxur. Resultados. Todas las poblaciones presentaron susceptibilidad a malatión y propoxur. Para el temefos,solo cuatro de las trece localidades evaluadas registraron susceptibilidad. Con respecto a los posiblesmecanismos de desintoxicación enzimática, en siete de las once poblaciones naturales se registraronvalores superiores al punto de corte para esterasas inespecíficas, solamente en Bucaramanga sepresentó un incremento en las enzimas monooxigenasas del citocromo P450, pero en ningunapoblación se registró acetilcolinestarasa modificada. Conclusiones. La susceptibilidad generalizada a los organofosforados adulticidas evaluados, indicaque el malatión, el insecticida más utilizado en Colombia para interrumpir la transmisión del dengue,sigue siendo eficaz. Las particularidades de los resultados de la

Pluralidad y lagunas jurídicas en ecoleyes relacionadas con áreas naturales protegidas de competencia estatal en México

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Jesús Ignacio Castro Salazar

2018-02-01

Full Text Available En este artículo se diserta sobre la pluralidad y las lagunas jurídicas en las áreas naturales protegidas en México, por considerarlas un instrumento de conservación clave para cientos de especies y ecosistemas. El estudio se realizó a escala nacional con base en la legislación vigente hasta finales de 2015, con el objetivo de identificar las lagunas legales relacionadas con dichas áreas; primero se presenta el estado del arte y el enfoque teórico-conceptual que guió al estudio, y luego se describe la metodología empleada, basada principalmente en análisis de contenido. También se muestran los resultados y las discusiones sobre la pluralidad de las leyes en la materia, y además las lagunas existentes en ellas. Entre los primeros destaca que, a pesar de que en casi todos los estados hay áreas naturales protegidas, la mayoría no cuenta con leyes para su regulación, y también sobresale que muchas autorizan el autoconsumo, aunque no lo definen.

Aberraciones cromáticas en aves de la colección ornitológica del Museo Argentino de Ciencias Naturales “Bernardino Rivadavia” Chromatic aberrations in birds of the ornithological collection of the Museo Argentino de Ciencias Naturales “Bernardino Rivadavia”

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Matías Ricardo Urcola

2011-12-01

Full Text Available En el presente trabajo se determinan las aberraciones cromáticas que afectan el plumaje de las aves en la colección ornitológica del Museo Argentino de Ciencias Naturales de Buenos Aires. Estas alteraciones se deben a exceso o defecto en la producción y/o deposición del pigmento melanina, las familias afectadas pertenecen a Tinamidae, Spheniscidae, Ardeidae, Threskiornithidae, Anatidae, Falconidae, Rallidae, Charadriidae, Columbidae, Strigidae, Momotidae, Furnariidae, Mimidae, Motacillidae, Emberizidae e Icteridae. Dentro de las aberraciones propuestas el leucismo parcial (40,5 % es la más numerosa, seguida por la dilución pastel (23,8 %, albinismo (14,3 % y finalmente los plumajes brown, ino y eumelanismo parcial (7,1 % cada una.The paper makes out a strong case for determine chromatic aberrations that affect the coloring of the birds in the ornithological collection of the Museo Argentino de Ciencias Naturales de Buenos Aires. These alterations are due to excess or deficiency in the production and/or deposition of melanin pigment, the affect families belong to Tinamidae, Spheniscidae, Ardeidae, Threskiornithidae, Anatidae, Falconidae, Rallidae, Charadriidae, Columbidae, Strigidae, Momotidae, Furnariidae, Mimidae, Motacillidae, Emberizidae and Icteridae. Within the proposed changes, the partial leucism (40,5 % is the most numerous, followed by pastel dilution (23,8 %, albinism (14,3 % and finally brown aberrations, ino and partial eumelanism, each one of then had (7,1 %.

2003 annual report; Rapport annuel 2003

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2004-07-01

The 2003 issue of the annual report of the French nuclear safety authority (ASR) presents the activities of the ASR in the following domains: 2003 highlights (the project of law relative to the nuclear transparency and safety, the EPR reactor project, the radioprotection priorities, the inspection of radioprotection, the action plan for the monitoring of patients' exposure to ionizing radiations, the 2003 heat wave and the operation of nuclear power plants, the national plan of radioactive wastes management, the behaviour of long living and high level radioactive wastes, and the European 'nuclear package'), nuclear activities, ionizing radiations and health hazards, organisation of nuclear safety control and radioprotection, radioprotection and nuclear facilities regulation, control of nuclear activities, public information and transparency, international relations, radiological emergency situations, radiological and biomedical activities, industrial and research activities, transport of radioactive materials, safety and radioprotection of nuclear power plants, research and other nuclear facilities, fuel cycle centers, safety of the definitive shut-down and dismantling of nuclear facilities, radioactive waste management and cleansing of polluted sites. (J.S.)

2003 annual report; Rapport annuel 2003

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2004-07-01

The 2003 issue of the annual report of the French nuclear safety authority (ASR) presents the activities of the ASR in the following domains: 2003 highlights (the project of law relative to the nuclear transparency and safety, the EPR reactor project, the radioprotection priorities, the inspection of radioprotection, the action plan for the monitoring of patients' exposure to ionizing radiations, the 2003 heat wave and the operation of nuclear power plants, the national plan of radioactive wastes management, the behaviour of long living and high level radioactive wastes, and the European 'nuclear package'), nuclear activities, ionizing radiations and health hazards, organisation of nuclear safety control and radioprotection, radioprotection and nuclear facilities regulation, control of nuclear activities, public information and transparency, international relations, radiological emergency situations, radiological and biomedical activities, industrial and research activities, transport of radioactive materials, safety and radioprotection of nuclear power plants, research and other nuclear facilities, fuel cycle centers, safety of the definitive shut-down and dismantling of nuclear facilities, radioactive waste management and cleansing of polluted sites. (J.S.)

La planificación y gestión territorial integral en islas pequeñas como herramienta de reducción de riesgos naturales

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Mario J. Gallego Cosme

2014-04-01

Full Text Available La vulnerabilidad de los espacios insularesde tamaño pequeño deviene de su falta de recursos detodo tipo, incluidos los humanos, lo que en ocasionesconvierte a sus habitantes en sujetos pasivos de losriesgos naturales y otras contingencias negativas, sobretodo de tipo económico y social. En este sentido, laescasez de espacio incide directamente en el progreso ybienestar de estos territorios, que deben abordar la arduatarea de encontrar un modelo de desarrollo sostenible quegarantice su crecimiento económico de manera autónomaa largo plazo sin comprometer el medio ambiente. Esteartículo analizará la necesidad de lograr una gestión yplanificación integral del territorio insular como medio paralograr estos fines y, sobre todo, como principal herramientapara la reducción de la vulnerabilidad de estos espaciospequeños en materia de riesgos naturales.

Sistema de gestión de recursos culturales y naturales santuario Bosque de Pomac, Lambayeque, Perú

OpenAIRE

Arias Salcedo, Ricardo Víctor

2012-01-01

La presente investigación formula, analiza y desarrolla una estructura metodológica que valide un sistema de indicadores que, en clave de ordenamiento territorial, examine el territorio del Santuario Histórico Bosque de Pomac, unidad de protección de alta prioridad. Una vez ordenado territorialmente se pretende generar una propuesta de sistema de gestión y uso de los recursos culturales y naturales e incorporarse como una base técnica e instrumental de planificación sostenible. Tesis (Mast...

Aasta 2003 haagiseturul / Ahto Perling

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

Perling, Ahto, 1970-

2004-01-01

Ülevaade haagiste tootmisest ja müügist Lääne- ja Ida-Euroopas 2003. aasta andmetel. Diagrammid: Uute haagiste müük 2003; Madelpoolhaagiste müük 2003; Külmikpoolhaagiste müük 2003; Konteinerpoolhaagiste müük 2003

ENSEÑANZA DE COMPETENCIAS DE PENSAMIENTO CIENTÍFICO POR RESOLUCIÓN DE SITUACIONES PROBLEMATIZADORAS A FUTUROS DOCENTES DE CIENCIAS NATURALES

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Mabel Tatiana Torrente Díaz

2014-05-01

Full Text Available Se presenta una propuesta de investigación acerca de la formación de profesores de Ciencias  Naturales al interior del  semillero VIRHOBAC adscrito al Grupo de investigación y  Pedagogía en  Biodiversidad y al semillero ENCINA adscrito al Grupo Conocimiento Profesional del Profesor,  pertenecientes al   programa de Licenciatura en Ciencias Naturales de la Universidad Surcolombiana (Neiva-Huila. La propuesta nace de la experiencia de práctica pedagógica en la que se pudo reconocer que dentro del proceso de enseñanza de  las ciencias naturales y la educación ambiental deben considerar la formación de personas a través de los contenidos conceptuales, procedimentales y actitudinales para desenvolverse en su contexto cotidiano; sin embargo,  es evidente la falta de una formación integral, puesto que la mayoría de los estudiantes consideran que la ciencia que aprenden en el colegio no es más que un requisito, debido a una posible falta de motivación por parte de los mismos y de sus maestros, además de la enseñanza rutinaria propia de un modelo conductista lo que no les permite desarrollar un pensamiento científico. Por eso, es preciso que los actuales y futuros docentes construyan y apliquen competencias de pensamiento científico, teniendo en cuenta que éstas les permiten acercar a los estudiantes a una visión del mundo científico más real, más accesible. Por esto, es  conveniente enseñar a los futuros docentes a desarrollar dichas competencias,  implementando una estrategia de resolución de situaciones problematizadoras y la elaboración de materiales de enseñanza científica  con fundamento teórico y  contextualizado.

Desastres naturales, rogativas públicas y santos protectores en la Nueva Granada (siglos XVIII y XIX

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Juan Carlos Jurado Jurado

2004-01-01

Full Text Available ¿Como eran enfrentados los desastres naturales en los siglos XVIII y XIX, cuando no existían los mecanismos institucionales que hoy conocemos bajo el moderno concepto de la 'prevención de desastres', con todo su sistema de ayudas tecnológicas, médicas e institucionales? Los desastres se asemejan a las enfermedades, al ser un elemento de desorganización social y un factor de temido desarreglo para la vida cotidiana, por lo que permiten hacer visibles las articulaciones internas de una sociedad y las tensiones que la atraviesan. Son un punto privilegiado para percibir el significado de mecanismos administrativos y prácticas religiosas en torno a fenómenos que vulneran una comunidad, así como la imagen que una sociedad tiene de sí misma. A pesar de que los archivos coloniales y republicanos poseen información dispersa sobre el tema, es posible identificar la manera como se sucedían con recurrencia fuertes temporadas de invierno que obstaculizaban el comercio y la movilización de personas y mercancías. Los documentos históricos también permiten conocer la ocurrencia de tempestades, granizadas, inundaciones, largas temporadas de sequía, vendavales, erupciones volcánicas, terremotos y deslizamientos de tierra y lodo. que podían arrasar cultivos, animales del campo y poblaciones enteras. Al hecho de que sucedieran estos eventos, contribuían las acciones humanas de intervención sobre los paisajes naturales.

Dioxins, dioxin-like compounds, and PBDEs in the U.S. domestic meat supply: trends and levels 2003 to 2013

Science.gov (United States)

In the mid-1990s, 2002-2003, 2007-2008, and again in 2012-2013 the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) conducted statistical surveys for dioxin and dioxin-like compound (PCDDs, PCDFs, and PCBs) residues in domestic meat and poultry. The surveys were conducted to determine background levels of diox...

Diseño de una matriz de análisis para temas ambientales en proyectos de ciencias naturales

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Ana Ilse Benavides Lahnstein

2015-12-01

Full Text Available RESUMEN. En ésta investigación estudiamos los contenidos ambientales de dos proyectos de ciencias naturales del libro de texto para el sexto año de educación primaria en México. El trabajo por proyectos, el cual fue formalmente introducido al sistema de educación básica en el último proceso de reforma, es presentado como una estrategia para consolidar el conocimiento de los estudiantes para alcanzar los aprendizajes esperados. Nuestro estudio se guío por dos preguntas principales: ¿Satisfacen los contenidos ambientales de los proyectos seleccionados los aprendizajes esperados del currículo de ciencias naturales para sexto grado? ¿Son estos contenidos ambientales pertinentes con las problemáticas actuales de la educación ambiental para la sustentabilidad? Para contestarlas realizamos una investigación documental en documentos oficiales y diseñamos un instrumento para la codificación y el análisis del contenido de los proyectos. Los resultados se discutieron en tres unidades de análisis de acuerdo a los tres niveles de complejidad planteados en la matriz. Identificamos en los proyectos contenidos ambientales básicos con referencia a los aprendizajes esperados. Consideramos que el éxito potencial del contenido ambiental depende de las competencias de los docentes y de los estudiantes para ponerlos en práctica efectivamente.

DESARROLLO DEL PENSAMIENTO CRÍTICO EN EL ÁREA DE CIENCIAS NATURALES EN UNA ESCUELA DE SECUNDARIA

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Robert Eduardo Causado-Escobar

2015-07-01

Full Text Available Este estudio tuvo como objetivo describir cómo se desarrolla el pensamiento crítico en el área de ciencias naturales en una secundaria pública colombiana. Para ello se siguió un diseño cualitativo a través de la aplicación de una entrevista semiestructurada y la observación como técnicas de recolección de datos; y guías de observación y matrices de análisis como instrumentos.  La muestra estuvo formada por 12 estudiantes de grado noveno a undécimo y 2 docentes de ciencias naturales, todos de una institución educativa oficial. Los resultados demostraron que tanto estudiantes, como docentes se encuentran entre los niveles retado y principiante, dado que se enfrentan con problemas en su pensamiento, siendo muchas veces incapaces de expresarlos al exterior. Se pudo demostrar que en la institución existe un compromiso con el desarrollo de los procesos de pensamiento crítico pero no se cuenta con programas educativos que respondan por el desarrollo de los mismos. Además no hay una práctica educativa generalizada y concreta entre los maestros en torno al pensamiento crítico; De esta forma se observa que los docentes no tienen claro qué es pensar críticamente o cómo pueden intervenir pedagógicamente para fomentar dicha habilidad.

ANÁLISIS SOBRE LA APLICABILIDAD DE LAS HERRAMIENTAS DE GESTIÓN AMBIENTAL PARA EL MANEJO DE LOS HUMEDALES NATURALES INTERIORES DE COLOMBIA

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HERRERA ARANGO MARÍA ALEJANDRA

2010-05-01

Full Text Available Como resultado de la investigación de la información sobre la gestión ambiental de los humedales naturales interiores de Colombia, se analiza la aplicabilidad de las herramientas de gestión empleadas en el manejo integral de estos ecosistemas. Para la evaluación de esta información, se identificaron las principales categorías y subcategorías de análisis, partiendo de una clasificación de los humedales naturales interiores presentes en el país y su estado actual, la revisión de la normatividad ambiental vigente, los planes de manejo formulados por diferentes entidades y por último, la identificación de grupos de investigación de Colciencias que realizan estudios sobre este tema. Con base en estos resultados, se sistematiza la información encontrada, generando con ello una aproximación a una propuesta de análisis que contribuya a orientar futuras investigaciones y a la toma de decisiones acerca del manejo racional de los humedales en el país.

ESTRATEGIA DESARROLLO PROFESIONAL SITUADO. UN ACERCAMIENTO A LA LABOR DOCENTE DE CIENCIAS NATURALES

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José Fernando Ramirez Bermudez

2015-12-01

Full Text Available El gobierno nacional propone dentro de su política educativa para el sector rural la implementación de la Estrategia Desarrollo Profesional Situado -DPS- que busca el mejoramiento de las prácticas de aula de los docentes rurales en el área de ciencias naturales, a partir de la implementación de secuencias didácticas prediseñadas que promueven el desarrollo de habilidades pensamiento científico en los estudiantes. La reflexión de esta experiencia didáctica busca analizar los aportes de la Estrategia DPS a los docentes rurales de algunos municipios del departamento de Boyacá, a partir de los hallazgos realizados por los tutores (profesional en educación encargado del acompañamiento en las sedes rurales focalizadas.

CERN Technical Training 2003: Learning for the LHC ! DISP-2003 - Digital Signal Processing

CERN Multimedia

2003-01-01

DISP-2003 - Digital Signal Processing DISP-2003 is a two-term course given by CERN and University of Lausanne (UNIL) experts within the framework of the Technical Training Programme. The course will review the current techniques dealing with Digital Signal Processing, and it is intended for an audience who work or will work on digital signal processing aspects, and who need an introductory or refresher/update course. The course will be in English, with question and answers also in French. Spring 2 Term: DISP-2003: Advanced Digital Signal Processing 30 April 2003 - 21 May 2003, 4 lectures, Wednesdays afternoon (attendance cost: 40.- CHF, registration required) Lecturers: Léonard Studer, UNIL; Laurent Deniau, AT-MTM; Elena Wildner, AT-MAS Programme: Intelligent signal processing (ISP). Non-linear time series analysis. Image processing. Wavelets. (Basic concepts and definitions have been introduced during the previous Spring 1 Term: DISP-2003: Introduction to Digital Signal Processing). DISP-2003 is open...

Estudio y cartografía de los peligros naturales costeros de la región de Murcia

OpenAIRE

Seisdedos, J.; Mulas, J.; González de Vallejo, Luis I.; Rodríguez Franco, J.A.; Gracia, F.J.; Río, L. del; Garrote Revilla, Julio

2013-01-01

A pesar de la importancia e implicaciones de los riesgos asociados a la dinámica litoral en las zonas costeras, son escasos los trabajos centrados en su estudio y cartografía a escala regional, de manera sistemática e integrada. En este trabajo se presenta una metodología basada en el análisis detallado de los peligros naturales que pueden afectar al litoral: inundaciones, erosión costera, subida del nivel del mar, tsunamis, movimientos de ladera, etc., y en el estudio y cartografía de los fa...

Las ciencias naturales me generan... emociones vinculadas a las ciencias en la formación docente permanente

OpenAIRE

Mengascini, Adriana

2017-01-01

Presentamos y discutimos resultados de una indagación realizada en el contexto de una propuesta de formación docente permanente, respecto de las emociones asociadas a las ciencias naturales, a su enseñanza y a la realización de trabajos experimentales entre docentes de primaria y secundaria de Argentina. Las emociones manifestadas hacia las ciencias fueron positivas (interés, atracción, motivación), aunque respecto de su enseñanza y la realización de actividades experimentales se expresaron a...

Impacto ambiental del turismo en áreas naturales protegidas; procedimiento metodológico para el análisis en el Parque Estatal El Ocotal, México

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Carlos Pérez Ramírez

2009-01-01

Full Text Available En la actualidad, la actividad turística es promovida ampliamente en las áreas naturales protegidas, como una importante estrategia para el aprovechamiento de los recursos naturales, sustentada en el argumento del limitado impacto ambiental generado en el entorno natural. No obstante, la excesiva acumulación del número de visitantes en determinadas temporadas al año, así como la realización de actividades recreativas sin control alguno en determinados espacios naturales, ha propiciado la generación de significativos impactos ambientales. Tal es el caso del Parque Estatal El Ocotal (PEEO, ubicado en el Municipio de Timilpan, Estado de México, el cual desde su creación ha contemplado el desarrollo de las actividades turísticas como eje del aprovechamiento de los recursos, sin tomar en cuenta medidas enfocadas a la reducción de las implicaciones generadas. De esta forma, la investigación tuvo como principal objetivo, analizar las repercusiones ambientales de la actividad turística en el PEEO, con la finalidad de proponer una serie de medidas de mitigación sobre las características negativas, que permitan conservar las condiciones ambientales del lugar, así como potencializar los aspectos positivos que aseguren el adecuado desarrollo de la actividad turística. Para alcanzar dicho objetivo se emplearon dos instrumentos de evaluación: lista de verificación y matriz cruzada de impacto ambiental aplicada al turismo.

Administración regional de los recursos naturales renovables. Corporaciones autónomas regionales

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Hugues Manuel Lacouture Daníes

2006-01-01

Full Text Available En Colombia, los Recursos Naturales Renovables son propiedad de la Nación, y su administración corresponde en el nivel regional a las Autoridades Ambientales mediante acciones y procedimientos que van desde el otorgamiento de autorizaciones, concesiones, licencias y/o permisos hasta la imposición de sanciones por el incumplimiento de la normatividad ambiental. Este trabajo aporta herramientas para la comprensión del ejercicio misional de las Corporaciones Autónomas Regionales, a partir del licenciamiento ambiental, la concesión de aguas para su uso y aprovechamiento y el permiso de emisiones atmosféricas; así mismo, describe las funciones de control y seguimiento ambiental y el ejercicio de la facultad coercitiva de estas entidades

Aube's very-low-level waste storage Center. Annual report 2008

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

2008-01-01

After a presentation of the ANDRA (the French national Agency for radioactive waste management), its missions, its facilities, and its financing, this report reviews the activity of the very-low-activity level waste storage centre located in the boroughs of Morvilliers and La Chaise in the Aube district (France), the operation of which started in 2003. It briefly specifies the waste types and origins, its facilities, its operation data for 2008. It describes its safety, security, and radioprotection installations and actions, its environment monitoring activity, its actions for information transparency

Lesiones naturales y regeneración de tejido en ramets del coral Montastraea annularis (Scleractinia: Faviidae en un arrecife degradado del Caribe Colombiano

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Elvira Alvarado Ch

2009-12-01

Full Text Available Las poblaciones de Montastraea annularis muestran síntomas de declinamiento y sin embargo, pocos estudios se han realizado sobre tipos, frecuencias e intensidad de lesiones naturales in situ. Durante un año, septiembre 2003 a septiembre 2004, se hizo el seguimiento anual de lesiones naturales que aparecieron en ramets sanos de una población en un arrecife degradado dentro de un Área Marina Protegida, para inferir su efecto en la estructura de talla de la población. El 94% de los ramets presentaron lesiones causadas por blanqueamiento, depredación e interacciones con algas, esponjas y bioerodadores. La depredación causó el 47% y la interacción con algas el 36%. El 85% de las lesiones eran de tallas pequeñas (60% de su tejido vivo en los meses de septiembre a noviembre, pero la recuperación fue del 100% a los tres meses. Por el contrario, las lesiones con algas (36%, mostraron menor recuperación (6.7% y una tendencia a aumentar el área de lesión con el tiempo. En general, el porcentaje de área de tejido afectada por lesiones en un ramet durante cualquier mes fue menor a 10%. Sin embargo, de mayo a septiembre el porcentaje de tejido afectado fue mayor (10-50% debido al incremento en la frecuencia y abundancia de depredación, blanqueamiento e interacción con algas, y a la menor tasa de recuperación. Al final de un año, las lesiones que no se recuperaron causaron mortalidad parcial en el 25% de los ramets. El efecto de las lesiones y la recuperación sobre el tamaño de los ramets evidenció disminución de talla a lo largo del año, y al final de este, significó que el 21% pasara a una clase de talla menor.Natural lesions and regeneration of ramets of Montastraea annularis (Scleractinia: Faviidae in a degraded reef of the Colombian Caribbean. Currently, Montastraea annularis populations are suffering from high partial mortality rates; yet few studies have determined type, frequency and intensity of natural lesions in situ. During

Recursos Naturales, Populismo Rentista y Tentaciones Hegemónicas en América del Sur

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Sebastián Mazzuca

2013-01-01

Full Text Available El boom en los precios de los recursos naturales de la primera década del siglo veintiuno ha sido una bendición para todas las economías de Sudamérica. Para algunos regímenes políticos, con todo, obró como una maldición. En Venezuela, Ecuador, Bolivia y, en menor medida la Argentina, la bonanza de las materias primas propició la emergencia del "Rentismo Populista", un nuevo tipo de coalición socio-política basada en la incorporación económica de los sectores informales y financiada por las ganancias extraordinarias de las exportaciones de recursos naturales. Basado en una nueva estructura fiscal, el populismo rentista a su vez indujo la intensificación de los mecanismos plebiscitarios de accountability vertical y la neutralización de las restricciones propias de la accountability horizontal. Este texto explora las condiciones bajo las cuales un shock exógeno común a toda la región, la bonanza de las materias primas, se difundió a lo largo de la región con diferentes efectos coalicionales. También define los mecanismos que vinculan a la coalición del populismo rentista con la emergencia de formas hegemónicas y plebiscitarias de accountability. Con el fin de resaltar las novedades y las continuidades del populismo rentista, el texto sitúa la coalición en perspectiva histórica, inspirado en los primeros trabajos de Guillermo O’Donnell sobre la economía política de Argentina y Brasil como fuente de similitudes y contrastes. Asimismo, compara a las "hegemonías plebiscitarias" con las democracias delegativas, un concepto central en los trabajos más recientes de O’Donnell sobre regímenes políticos.

Hidrogeoquímica y procesos naturales de ablandamiento del agua subterránea en sistemas kársticos

OpenAIRE

Luvina Bibiano

2015-01-01

Bibiano, L., Gárfias, J., & Llanos, H. (mayo-junio, 2015). Hidrogeoquímica y procesos naturales de ablandamiento del agua subterránea en sistemas kársticos. Tecnología y Ciencias del Agua, 6(3), 57-78.El agua que emerge de los manantiales kársticos contiene altas concentraciones de dureza total causadas por la disolución de formaciones geológicas carbonatadas, lo cual limita el uso doméstico e industrial del recurso en estas zonas. El enfoque aplicado con...

Total 2003 Results

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

2003-01-01

This document presents the 2003 results of Total Group: consolidated account, special items, number of shares, market environment, 4. quarter 2003 results, full year 2003 results, upstream (key figures, proved reserves), downstream key figures, chemicals key figures, parent company accounts and proposed dividends, 2004 sensitivities, summary and outlook, operating information by segment for the 4. quarter and full year 2003: upstream (combined liquids and gas production by region, liquids production by region, gas production by region), downstream (refinery throughput by region, refined product sales by region, chemicals), impact of allocating contribution of Cepsa to net operating income by business segment: equity in income (loss) and affiliates and other items, Total financial statements: consolidated statement of income, consolidated balance sheet (assets, liabilities and shareholder's equity), consolidated statements of cash flows, business segments information. (J.S.)

Trends in unprotected intercourse among heterosexual men before and after brothel ban in Siem Reap, Cambodia: a serial cross-sectional study (2003-2012).

Science.gov (United States)

Wong, Mee Lian; Teo, Alvin Kuo Jing; Tai, Bee Choo; Ng, Alwyn Mao Tong; Lim, Raymond Boon Tar; Tham, Dede Kam Tyng; Kaur, Nashwinder; Tan, Rayner Kay Jin; Kros, Sarath; Touch, Savun; Chhit, Maryan; Lubek, Ian

2018-03-27

Following Cambodia's implementation of the 100% condom use program with enforcement of condom use and STI treatment services for sex workers in 2001, sexually transmitted infection and HIV declined markedly. In 2008, Cambodia implemented a law to ban brothel-based sex work. We reported trends in unprotected vaginal intercourse with sex workers among heterosexual men buying sex before (2003-2008) and after (2009-2012) the brothel ban in Cambodia. We also determined the association of brothel ban with these men's reports of unprotected intercourse with sex workers. In this serial cross-sectional study, we collected yearly behavioural data on random cross-sectional samples of heterosexual men buying sex who attended the only government health centre in Siem Reap for voluntary confidential counselling and testing (VCCT) between 2003 and 2012. We used multivariable Poisson regression analysis on the 10-year data of 976 men to obtain the adjusted prevalence ratio (aPR) of unprotected intercourse in the last 6 months by brothel closure. Men buying sex from non-brothel-based sex workers increased almost 3-fold from 17% in 2007-2008 before brothel closure to 55% in 2011-2012 after brothel closure (p < 0.001). Unprotected intercourse with sex workers in the last week increased significantly from 37% (2003-2004) before brothel closure to 65% (2011-2012) after brothel closure. This increase corresponded closely with the increase in self-reported unprotected intercourse from 35% to 61% by the sex workers (n = 1805) attending the same clinic for VCCT. Brothel closure was associated with an increased risk (aPR: 1.65; 95% CI: 1.40-1.94) of unprotected intercourse with sex workers. HIV prevalence in the heterosexual men declined significantly from 26% in 2003-2004 to 4.8% in 2007-2008 and 0 case in 2009-2010 before increasing to 5.6% in 2011-2012. Our findings suggest that the brothel ban had led to an increase in unprotected intercourse with all sex workers for men buying

Las áreas naturales protegidas frente a la actividad hidrocarburífera. Las organizaciones ambientalistas y la gobernanza ambiental en el Ecuador. El caso del Parque Nacional Yasuní.

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Karen Andrade Mendoza

2013-09-01

Full Text Available Las áreas naturales protegidas en el Ecuador enfrentan situaciones críticas tanto en su manejo administrativo, en el control del uso de los recursos por las poblaciones aledañas, como por la presencia de actividades extractivas de recursos naturales no renovables. La actividad petrolera ha tenido un papel importante en la transformación y degradación de la naturaleza, los ecosistemas y los grupos sociales que habitan en la Amazonía ecuatoriana. El caso del Parque Nacional Yasuní (PNY es un claro ejemplo de cómo la conservación y manejo de las áreas protegida en el Ecuador están condicionadas a las prioridades del Estado...

ESTRATEGIAS PARTICIPATIVAS PARA LA ENSEÑANZA DE LAS CIENCIAS NATURALES EN LA UNIVERSIDAD DE COSTA RICA

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Marco V. Gutiérrez Soto

2009-01-01

Full Text Available En este trabajo, proponemos métodos para la ejecución y evaluación cuantitativa de ejercicios participativos en la enseñanza de las ciencias naturales, diseñados bajo los principios del constructivismo, trasladando el protagonismo de los profesores a los estudiantes. Los métodos implementan principios epistemológicos, ontológicos y conceptuales actuales, propios del constructivismo cibernético de segundo orden, sustentado técnicamente en los hallazgos recientes de la Psicología cognitiva aplicada a la Educación, y los ajustan a las condiciones locales del proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje. Los ejercicios facilitan el aprendizaje y la práctica del método científico utilizado en las ciencias naturales, específicamente en el contexto de las ciencias agrícolas, y promueven el desarrollo de habilidades técnicas y la adquisición de competencias personales. Además se promueve la práctica de la investigación científica, la formulación de hipótesis, la indagación y el uso de procedimientos para la adquisición, la sistematización y el análisis de datos, y permite la transferencia de conocimientos fundamentales a los ámbitos cotidianos. Proponemos la evaluación de estas técnicas didácticas mediante la aplicación de la V heurística o epistémica, los mapas conceptuales, las pruebas de pre test-test-post test, y las curvas de aprendizaje.

Prevention of mother-to-child transmission of HIV in Denmark, 1994-2008

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

von Linstow, M L; Rosenfeldt, V; Lebech, A M

2010-01-01

Objectives The aim of this study was to describe trends in the management of pregnancies in HIV-infected women and their outcomes over a 14-year period in Denmark on a national basis. Methods The study was a retrospective cohort study of all HIV-infected women in Denmark giving birth to one or mo...... zidovudine (ZDV) during labour, neonatal ZDV for 4 to 6 weeks and no breastfeeding, transmitted HIV to her child....... of 49) in 1994-1999 to 98% (201 of 206) in 2000-2008. Vaginal deliveries ranged from 0 in 2003 to 35% of pregnancies in 2007. Mother-to-child transmission (MTCT) of HIV decreased from 10.4% in 1994-1999 to 0.5% in 2000-2008. All women giving birth to an HIV-positive child were diagnosed with HIV during...

La protección de los bosques naturales a la luz del Derecho Ambiental Internacional y la constitución brasileña: ¿Serán capaces de salvar la Floresta Amazónica?

OpenAIRE

Carvalho, Edson Ferreira

2016-01-01

Este estudio objetiva elucidar las relaciones normativas sobre bosques naturales dentro de los diversos campos del Derecho Ambiental Internacional y del ordenamiento jurídico brasileño y proponer soluciones para aumentar la efectividad del control de la deforestación. Dado el carácter teórico del estudio se utilizaron las técnicas de investigación documental y bibliográfica. Inicialmente, fueron analizados la relevancia de los bosques naturales para el planeta y la humanidad; el régimen juríd...

CERN Technical Training 2003: Learning for the LHC! DISP-2003 - Digital Signal Processing

CERN Multimedia

2003-01-01

DISP-2003 is a two-term course given by CERN and University of Lausanne (UNIL) experts within the framework of the Technical Training Programme. The course will review the current techniques dealing with Digital Signal Processing, and it is intended for an audience who work or will work on digital signal processing aspects, and who need an introductory or refresher/update course. The course will be in English, with question and answers also in French. Spring 2 Term: DISP-2003: Advanced Digital Signal Processing 30 April 2003 - 21 May 2003, 4 lectures, Wednesdays afternoon. Attendance cost: 40.- CHF, registration required. Lecturers: Léonard Studer, UNIL; Laurent Deniau, AT-MTM; Elena Wildner, AT-MAS. Programme: Intelligent signal processing (ISP). Non-linear time series analysis. Image processing. Wavelets. Basic concepts and definitions have been introduced during the previous Spring 1 Term: DISP-2003: Introduction to Digital Signal Processing. DISP-2003 is open to all people interested, but registrat...

El lenguaje del texto escolar de Ciencias Naturales: Problemas para el aprendizaje.

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Diana Chamorro (Página 16-36

2009-07-01

Full Text Available El análisis del discurso de varios textos escolares de Ciencias Naturales, en el ciclo de educación básica desde la perspectiva sistémico - funcional, demuestra que el lenguaje de los textos puede presentar dificultades que requieren, por parte del docente, un manejo conciente con el fin de contribuir al logro de aprendizajes significativos. Las investigaciones permitieron identificar en los libros características discursivas tales como: incompletud de la información, referencias erróneas o sin antecedentes, relaciones entre las partes del texto, nominalizaciones, y ambigüedades en el lenguaje que al no estar adecuadamente mediadas por el docente, se constituyen en una dificultad para el aprendizaje Por lo tanto, consideramos necesario subrayar un trabajo conjunto entre investigadores del lenguaje y l@s maestr@s de ciencias a fin de que se tome conciencia del lenguaje presente en los textos escolares en el aula, y las formas de tratarlo para el logro de aprendizajes significativos.

Tartu 2003 : Teater

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

2003-01-01

Tartu teatrielu sündmustest 2003 - M. Savitski osalemine New Yorgi balletikonkursil, T. Lensmendi lavastus "Kihnu Jõnn", M. Undi lavastus "Aida", P. Pedajase lavastus "Nipernaadi", M.Kasterpalu juhitud Tartu Teatrilabori korraldatud teatrifestival "Draama 2003", A. Mäe asumine Vanemuise teatrijuhi kohale

The type specimens of Tachinidae (Diptera) housed in the Museo Argentino de Ciencias Naturales "Bernardino Rivadavia", Buenos Aires.

Science.gov (United States)

Mulieri, Pablo Ricardo; Patitucci, Luciano Damián; Bachmann, Axel Oscar; O'Hara, James E

2013-01-01

The type material of species of Tachinidae (Diptera) housed in the collection of the Entomology Division of the Museo Argentino de Ciencias Naturales "Bernardino Rivadavia" were examined and are herein documented. The collection contains 202 type specimens consisting of 54 species described by E.E. Blanchard and 12 described by J. Brèthes. Comparison of their original descriptions with the label information reveals the existence of 24 holotypes, 1 lectotype, 141 syntypes and 36 paratypes. Complete information is given for each type, including reference to the original description, label data, and preservation condition.

"Aprovechamiento de los Recursos Naturales y Culturales en el Municipio de Santiago Chazumba, Oaxaca para el Desarrollo Local"

OpenAIRE

Velasco Velasco, Jorge Luis

2016-01-01

A partir de la confluencia de una población que conserva un sólido tejido social y prácticas colectivas heredadas de su condición étnica, la existencia de propiedad social de la tierra y la peculiaridades que impone el formar parte de la Reserva de la Biósfera Tehuacán-Cuicatlán, se presenta un modelo de aprovechamiento de los recursos naturales y culturales en el municipio de Chazumba, Oaxaca que espera generar recursos complementarios para conservar el estilo de vida, la cultura y la biodiv...

La política de los Montes Protectores y su relación con los riesgos naturales en la provincia de Granada

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Miguel Ángel Mesa

2015-01-01

Full Text Available Ante el problema secular de deforestación que se padecía en la Península Ibérica y el relativofracaso de las políticas forestales que intentaron la restauración del arbolado, la administraciónmoderna intentó resolverlo sobre todo por sus repercusiones en los desastres naturales, medianteuna nueva fórmula. Esta consistió en la implantación de la figura de Monte Protector, mediantela Ley 24 de Junio de 1908 de Conservación de Montes y Repoblación Forestal. Esta figura finalmentesólo se implantaría en cuatro provincias, entre las que se encontraba la provincia de Granada.Su importancia radica en que marcará un hito en la consideración de los espacios públicosy privados como objeto de la ausencia de arbolado y lo que posteriormente significaría las políticasde repoblación de montes. En este trabajo se analizan las políticas de Montes Protectores enla provincia de Granada y su incidencia territorial, así como su relación con los riesgos naturales.

Hacia una Guía Digital Móvil para la identificación y manejo sustentable de los pastizales naturales

OpenAIRE

Frank, Federico; Bellini Saibene, Yanina; Pizarro, Rubén A.; Caldera, Juan; Testa, Oscar; Llorens, Enrique

2017-01-01

Los pastizales naturales son comunidades vegetales presentes en zonas no adecuadas para cultivos, y constituyen una fuente de forraje basada principalmente en plantas nativas. En La Pampa ocupan el 70% del territorio, coexistiendo varias fisonomías, con distinta productividad y respuesta al pastoreo. Las actividades de estas áreas giran en relación a la ganadería, siendo el pastizal natural su principal fuente forrajera. Por lo tanto, se hace imprescindible contar con herramientas para un ...

2003 annual report; Rapport annuel 2003

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2004-07-01

This document is the 2003 annual report of the French general direction of energy and raw materials (DGEMP) of the Ministry of economy, finances and industry. It presents the main highlights of the year 2003: national facts: energy situation of France, the summer 2003 heat wave and the climatic change, the prevention of power outages, the electricity prices and the opening of markets, the new natural gas transportation tariffs, the specificity of power generation and distribution and the economy of hydrocarbons in overseas territories, the petroleum market, the impact of the Iraq crisis, the closing down of coal mines, the safety and environmental improvements of La Hague and Marcoule nuclear facilities, the start-up of ANDRA's Aube plant for the storage of low level radioactive wastes; international facts: the revival of French-Russian exchanges, China: the new actor of the international scene, Alcan's takeover bid of Pechiney and the birth of the first aluminium world group, the revival of the 2003 Euro-Mediterranean energy partnership, the French-Algerian energy relationship, IEA's ministerial conference of April 28-29, the international action in the domain of nuclear safety and security, the world nuclear revival; energy policy trends: from the debate to the energy trend law for a sustainable energy policy, the development of renewable energies: which power generation, the stakes of the energy policy on the climatic changes, hydrogen as tomorrow's energy vector, the reference costs of power generation, a simpler and more efficient energy statistics tool, DGEMP's energy observatory prospects and scenarios for 2030 and 2050, the voluntaristic dams safety policy, the new technological challenges of the petroleum industry, the new Manosque-Berre pond pipeline for the supply of strategic stockpiles, the French office of geological and mining researches (BRGM) and its activities towards the public, tomorrow's uranium industry, ITER and

Arengud maailma turismis 2003 / Piret Kallas

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

Kallas, Piret

2004-01-01

2003. aasta statistilised andmed turismi ja reisimise kohta. Tabelid: Ööbimisega reisid maailmas regiooniti, 1990-2003; Väliskülastajate saabumised Eestisse, 1996-2003; Väliskülastajate saabumised Eestisse transpordiliikide lõikes, 2001-2003; Eesti majandusettevõtetes majutatud turistid ja nende ööbimised, 2001-2003

Correlation between eye and ear symptoms and lack of teeth, bruxism and other parafunctions in a population of 1006 patients in 2003-2008.

Science.gov (United States)

Michalak, Maciej; Wysokińska-Miszczuk, Joanna; Wilczak, Magdalena; Paulo, Michał; Bożyk, Andrzej; Borowicz, Janusz

2012-02-29

Parafunctions (harmful habits) play a crucial role in the formation of temporo-mandibular joint (TMJ) dysfunction syndrome with disc displacement. Disorder symptoms in temporo-mandibular joints manifest themselves in the eye and ear but are usually not associated with the dysfunction of temporo-mandibular joints and that might lead to errors in diagnosis. The aim of the study was to examine the influence of missing teeth and parafunctions on the occurrence of ear and eye symptoms in patients treated in the Department of Prosthodontics of the Medical University of Lublin. The patient group consisted of 753 women and 253 men aged 10 to 82 years who had been treated in the Department of Prosthodontics, Medical University of Lublin in the years 2003-2008 due to various symptoms associated with temporo-mandibular joint dysfunction. Eye (24.84%, n = 785) and ear (33.38%, n = 785) syndromes occur on average more often in patients with parafunctions than without them (15.98%, n = 219 and 23.29%, n = 219). However, only parafunctions involving tooth contact should be taken into consideration when diagnosing eye and ear syndromes. The data presented here show that the number of missing teeth does not have a significant influence on the frequency of occurrence of parafunctions. Parafunctions have become a very important factor in the diagnosis of diseases and pathological symptoms of eye and ear as the rate at which they occur is growing. The kind of parafunction is very important. Only those involving tooth contact should be taken into consideration when diagnosing eye and ear syndromes.

El conocimiento ambiental del visitante de las áreas naturales protegidas. Estudio de caso Parque Nacional "Cumbres del Ajusco"

OpenAIRE

Arias González, María del Consuelo

2015-01-01

Las áreas naturales protegidas representan un importante producto para la actividad turística debido a la belleza de sus paisajes y su diversidad biológica. El ecoturismo ha cobrado especial relevancia para la conservación de las áreas protegidas, para el disfrute del ser humano y para contribuir al desarrollo económico de las comunidades locales. El visitante, por ser uno de los actores principales dentro de estos espacios, constituye un factor determinante para su conservación. Algunos estu...

Advancement & Promotion Review: 2003

CERN Multimedia

2003-01-01

Advancement, exceptional advancement and promotion decisions were made at the end of June, following the procedures published in Weekly Bulletin No. 13/2003. These decisions were included, where applicable, in the salaries for the month of July 2003. The award of the periodic step was communicated to staff by the salary shown on the July salary slip. All other decisions are communicated by separate notification. The names of staff receiving exceptional advancements or promotions are now published on the HR Division website and are accessible for consultation only at the following address: http://cern.ch/hr-div/internal/personnel/advlist_2003.asp It is recalled that change of career path proposals submitted to the Technical Engineers and Administrative Careers Committee (TEACC) or to Human Resources Division are being examined with a view to preparing the latters' recommendations by the end of September 2003. Final decisions will be applied retroactively to 1 July 2003. Human Resources Division Tel:...

Inspections Report 2002 - 2003; Tillsynsrapport 2002 - 2003

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Viidas, Josefin

2004-10-01

The report summarises primarily the supervision of waste management and environmental protection at the nuclear facilities that was carried out by the Swedish Radiation Protection Authority in 2002 and 2003. A summary of the inspections and a description of important issues connected with the supervision of nuclear facilities are given. The inspections during 2002 focused on the investigation and coverage of the mishap related to the transport of iridium from Studsvik. The Studsvik project was initiated and the remaining supervision was temporarily given lower priority. In 2003 SSI performed two theme inspections. One focused on the handling of waste management and the other on the limitation of the effluent. Extensive supervision efforts concentrated also on Ranstad Mineral inc.

La colección de Paleontología de Vertebrados del Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales (CSIC

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Alcalá, L.

1997-12-01

Full Text Available Since remote times, fossil vertebrates have played a significant part in the collections of the Spanish Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales, both in attracting the attention of the public and in the context of research into paleobiodiversity. The research tradition of the Museum’s personnel in Vertebrate Paleontology has built up a reference collection of information on the mammals of the Spanish Neogene. There are important fossils from almost a thousand different localities, some of them of worldwide relevancy. The collection is available for direct study in the Museum’s laboratories as well as through virtual conferences (www, and also being used in temporary exhibitions organized by the Museum itself or by other institutions.

Desde tiempos remotos, los vertebrados fósiles han formado parte significativa de las colecciones del Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales, tanto en la captación de la atención del público como en el contexto de la investigación sobre la paleobiodiversidad. La tradición investigadora del personal del Museo en Paleontología de Vertebrados ha originado una colección de referencia para el conocimiento de los mamíferos del Neógeno español. En total, se conservan importantes fósiles de casi un millar de localidades diferentes, algunas de ellas de relevancia mundial. La colección está disponible tanto para su estudio directo en el propio Museo como a través de consultas virtuales (www y también pueden utilizarse sus fondos en exposiciones temporales organizadas por el propio Museo o bien por otras instituciones.

LAS ANTOCIANINAS COMO COLORANTES NATURALES Y COMPUESTOS BIOACTIVOS: REVISIÓN

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Gloria Astrid Garzón

2008-09-01

Full Text Available En la actualidad existe una demanda considerable de colorantes naturales alternativos a los colorantes sintéticos, como el rojo No. 40, debido a su toxicidad en alimentos, cosméticos y productos farmacéuticos. Las antocianinas son pigmentos vegetales con gran potencial para el reemplazo competitivo de colorantes sintéticos; por tanto es de gran importancia conocer los aspectos bioquímicos que enmarcan estos pigmentos. El objetivo de esta revisión es ofrecer un esquema actualizado de las propiedades químicas y bioactivas de las antocianinas y de su potencial como colorantes de origen natural. Las antocianinas son pigmentos responsables de la gama de colores que abarcan desde el rojo hasta el azul de muchas frutas, vegetales y cereales. El interés en estos pigmentos se ha intensificado gracias a sus posibles efectos terapéuticos y benéficos, dentro de los cuales se encuentran la reducción de la enfermedad coronaria, los efectos anticancerígenos, antitumorales, antiinflamatorios y antidiabéticos; además del mejoramiento de la agudeza visual y del comportamiento cognitivo. Las propiedades bioactivas de las antocianinas abren una nueva perspectiva para la obtención de productos coloreados con valor agregado para el consumo humano.

Poder civil y derechos naturales de los indios americanos según Fray Alonso de la Veracruz

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Manuel Méndez Alonzo

2013-01-01

Full Text Available El presente trabajo investiga las tesis sobre el poder civil de Alonso de la Veracruz que buscan incorporar en la comunidad política española a los habitantes autóctonos del Nuevo Mundo, tesis que suelen relacionarse con F. de Vitoria y el tomismo español, y que últimamente son consideradas parte del republicanismo novohispano elaborado desde la periferia americana. Se busca demostrar que su propósito era aplicar una teoría de derechos naturales, sin que ello implique participación política de los indios americanos. Se analiza la postura del fraile frente a la diversidad cultural y la guerra contra los indios.

Optimización del costo del sistema de aprovechamiento de madera en bosques naturales de Pinus caribaea

OpenAIRE

Cándano Acosta,Fidel; Leite,Angelo Marcio Pinto; Martínez Cantón,José Luis

2012-01-01

El trabajo se realizó en bosques naturales de Pinus caribaea en áreas de la empresa forestal La Palma en la provincia de Pinar del Río - Cuba. El objetivo de la investigación fue minimizar el costo del sistema de aprovechamiento de madera a partir de la interacción entre el costo de camino y el costo de arrastre en base a la densidad de camino y patios de carga, además de la interacción del costo de camino y el costo del transporte de madera en base a la calidad de la capa de rodamiento del c...

2003 annual results of EdF group; Resultats annuels 2003 du groupe EDF

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2004-03-01

The Electricite de France (EdF) group Board of Directors, meeting on March 11, 2004, under the Chairmanship of Francois Roussely, reviewed the audited consolidated financial statements for the year ended 12/31/2003. This document presents the consolidated results of EdF group for 2003: consolidated financial statements, highlights of the year, focus on 2003 events, commercial results, EDF in Europe and worldwide, EDF France highlights, key figures. (J.S.)

Empleo de polímeros naturales como alternativa para la remediación de suelos contaminados por metales pesados

OpenAIRE

CARTAYA, Omar E.; REYNALDO, Inés; PENICHE, Carlos; GARRIDO, María. L.

2011-01-01

En este trabajo se realizaron ensayos para estudiar la absorción y la distribución de metales pesados (Cu) en plántulas de tomates tratadas con polímeros naturales (oligogalacturónidos, Ogal) cultivadas en un medio con niveles tóxicos de cobre. También se analizaron los metales asimilables en el suelo con el fin de determinar el efecto residual y la movilidad de estos elementos. Los resultados evidenciaron que el empleo de la mezcla de oligogalacturónidos contrarresta el efecto de la toxicida...

Evaluación de la Calidad Nutritiva, Microbiológica y Sensorial del Chorizo Parrillero Elaborado con Ingredientes Naturales

OpenAIRE

Morán Sánchez, Williams Paul

2016-01-01

En la planta de cárnicos de la Facultad de Ciencias Pecuarias de la Escuela Superior Politécnica de Chimborazo, se evaluó la calidad nutritiva, microbiológica y sensorial del chorizo parrillero elaborado con diferentes niveles de cada uno de los ingredientes naturales, para lo cual se aplicó tres tratamientos frente a un control, cuatro repeticiones los mismos que se analizaron bajo un diseño completamente al azar; determinándose que en la utilización de ají 1,6, ajo 1,4 y 100 ...

Las áreas naturales protegidas y la investigación ecológica de largo plazo en México

OpenAIRE

M. Maass; E. Jardel; A. Martínez-Yrízar; L. Calderón; J. Herrera; A. Castillo; J. Euán-Ávila; M. Equihua

2010-01-01

Detrás de la actual crisis ambiental está nuestra limitada comprensión de los procesos ecológicos y sociales que operan a escalas espaciotemporales amplias. Esta falta de conocimiento ha desencadenado fallos en los esquemas de manejo y utilización de los servicios y recursos que nos brindan los ecosistemas naturales, lo que a su vez ha provocado su deterioro a escalas globales. Una respuesta de la comunidad académica a este vacío del conocimiento ha sido la formación de grupos de científicos ...

Propuesta de modelo de evaluación multidimensional de los aprendizajes en ciencias naturales y su relación con la estructura de la didáctica de las ciencias

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Tovar-Gálvez, J.C.

2008-09-01

Full Text Available La propuesta de modelo evaluativo multidimensional en Ciencias naturales que se presenta, tiene como soporte la consideración de la evaluación como uno de los campos de estudio de las Didáctica de las Ciencias; y comprender que esta última es coherente con las dinámicas de las mismas Ciencias Naturales, significa una especificidad epistemológica, la que a su vez exige especificidad para la Evaluación en el mismo campo de la enseñanza. Desde esta perspectiva se presenta la Evaluación en Ciencias desde varias dimensiones: conceptual, administrativa-metodológica, actitudinal, comunicativa, e histórico-epistemológica; quedando como expectativa un mayor reconocimiento de los contextos de los grupos y naciones.

Procedicimiento de estabilización de fosfoyesos para la disminución de las emisiones de radionucleidos naturales

OpenAIRE

López Gómez, Félix Antonio; Alguacil, Francisco José; López-Delgado, Aurora; Tayibi, Hanan; García-Díaz, Irene; Gascó, Catalina; Bolívar, Juan Pedro; Gázquez, Manuel J.

2011-01-01

La invención se refiere a un proceso de estabilización de los fosfoyesos, residuos procedentes de la industria de producción de ácido fosfórico por vía húmeda (sulfúrico) que utiliza como materia prima fosfato roca de origen sedimentario, mediante la utilización de azufre elemental y un polímero de azufre. Más concretamente, la invención se relaciona con la recuperación y reciclado de fosfoyesos obteniendo materiales de construcción con niveles de radionucleidos naturales por debajo de los lí...

Realidad aumentada aplicada a la enseñanza de Ciencias Naturales

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Fracchia, Claudia Carina

2015-12-01

Full Text Available En la educación primaria, gran parte del profesorado pone de manifiesto las dificultades que muestran sus alumnos en la comprensión de textos científicos y en algunos casos la desmotivación progresiva que se observa hacia la lectura de libros de ciencias. Son diversos los obstáculos que se desprenden de los libros de textos, por ejemplo el vocabulario, o que las imágenes o gráficos empleados que no despiertan mucho interés al compararse con otros recursos multimediales. En la actualidad, existen recursos que emplean Realidad Aumentada que pueden ser aplicados al contexto educativo, facilitando que los estudiantes manipulen objetos virtuales a través de marcadores como si se tratasen de objetos reales, realizando estas operaciones de forma natural e intuitiva, sin ningún tipo de hardware adicional que medie en la relación alumno-computadora. En este trabajo se muestran los resultados de una experiencia de extensión desarrollada en el año 2014, donde se utiliza la tecnología Realidad Aumentada para la enseñanza de temas abarcados en Ciencias Naturales en el nivel primario.

Propuesta de un modelo para identificar impactos ambientales del turismo en espacios naturales

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Manuela Andrés Abellán

2000-01-01

Full Text Available En este trabajo se propone un modelo para predecir y estimar de forma cualitativa los impactos ambientales que los visitantes de un área recreativa provocan, dependiendo del tipo de actividades que realizan y de las características del paraje. Este método podría servir como herramienta para gestionar el turismo y planificar las áreas recreativas de forma que pueda satisfacerse la demanda de los usuarios sin alterar de forma irreversible los recursos naturales. La aplicación del modelo en distintas áreas recreativas («El Barco, en Cuenca; «Los Chorros del río Mundo, en Albacete y los ((Campamentos de Peñascosa, en Albacete, ha permitido establecer diferentes zonas de impacto potencial, muy útiles para proponer nuevas medidas de gestión de uso público, como la distribución de los visitantes por lugares donde el riesgo de impacto sea menor

EDF group - annual report 2003; Groupe EDF - rapport annuel 2003

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2004-07-01

This document contains the magazine, the financial statements and the sustainable development report of Electricite de France (EdF) group for 2003: 1 - the magazine (chairman's statement, group profile, vision and strategy); 2 - the consolidated financial statements for the period ended 31 December 2003 (statutory auditors' report on the consolidated financial statements, EDF's summary annual financial statements); 3 - sustainable development report (transparency and dialogue, responsibility, commitment, partnerships for progress). (J.S.)

Coopeprocesadora de infusiones naturales de la zona del caribe de Costa Rica

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Harold Jiménez Quesada

2017-01-01

Full Text Available La Coopeprocesadora de infusiones naturales de la zona del Caribe de Costa Rica es un proyecto académico ideado para la dinamización y desarrollo de la comunidad de Siquirres. El proyecto busca rescatar el valor del medio natural como recurso clave para la creación de empleos a través de nuevas actividades industriales en la región. La arquitectura de la Coopeprocesadora consta de una piel inspirada en el origami y el rescate de elementos clave para el manejo bioclimático de los espacios. The Natural Infusion Processing Cooperative of the caribbean zone of Costa Rica is an academic project designed for the dynamization and development of the community of Siquirres. The project seeks to rescue the value of the natural environment as a key resource for job creation through new industrial activities in the region. The architecture of the processing cooperative consists of a skin inspired by origami and the rescue of key elements for the bioclimatic management of spaces.

15 CFR 2003.3 - [Reserved

Science.gov (United States)

2010-01-01

... 15 Commerce and Foreign Trade 3 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false [Reserved] 2003.3 Section 2003.3 Commerce and Foreign Trade Regulations Relating to Foreign Trade Agreements OFFICE OF THE UNITED STATES TRADE REPRESENTATIVE REGULATIONS OF TRADE POLICY STAFF COMMITTEE § 2003.3 [Reserved] ...

Atmospheric deposition, operational report for air pollution 2003. NOVA 2003; Atmosfaerisk deposition, driftsrapport for Luftforurening i 2003 NOVA 2003

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Ellermann, T.; Hertel, O.; Ambelas Skjoeth, C.; Kemp, K.; Monies, C.

2004-12-01

This report presents measurements and calculations from the atmospheric part of NOVA 2003 and covers results for 2003. It summarises the main results concerning concentrations and depositions of nitrogen, phosphorous and sulphur compounds related to eutrofication and acidification and selected heavy metals. Depositions of atmospheric compounds to Danish marine waters as well as land surface are presented. The measurements in the monitoring programme are supplemented with model calculations of concentrations and depositions of nitrogen and sulphur compounds to Danish land surfaces as well as marine waters, fjords and bays using the ACDEP model (Atmospheric Chemistry and Deposition). The model is a so-called trajectory model and simulates the physical and chemical processes in the atmosphere using meteorological and emission data input. (BA)

Diferencias en memoria entre hombres y mujeres jóvenes sanos: influencia de las variaciones naturales de las hormonas sexuales

OpenAIRE

Otero Dadín, Cecilia

2013-01-01

El objetivo general del presente trabajo es analizar las diferencias entre sexos y la influencia de los ciclos naturales de las hormonas sexuales en memoria. Se evaluó con pruebas de memoria a 36 hombres y 39 mujeres jóvenes sanos en dos ocasiones, coincidentes con dos fases hormonales, bien del ciclo diurno de la testosterona en los varones o bien del ciclo menstrual en las mujeres. Se observó una ventaja masculina en memoria auditiva inmediata y en memoria de trabajo para material verba...

How do Australian news media depict illicit drug issues? An analysis of print media reporting across and between illicit drugs, 2003-2008.

Science.gov (United States)

Hughes, Caitlin Elizabeth; Lancaster, Kari; Spicer, Bridget

2011-07-01

Media reporting on illicit issues has been frequently criticised for being sensationalised, biased and narrow. Yet, there have been few broad and systematic analyses of the nature of reporting. Using a large sample and methods commonly adopted in media communications analysis this paper sought to identify the dominant media portrayals used to denote illicit drugs in Australian newspapers and to compare and contrast portrayals across drug types. A retrospective content analysis of Australian print media was carried out over the period 2003-2008 from a sample comprised of 11 newspapers. Articles that contained one or more mention of five different drugs (or derivatives) were identified: cannabis, amphetamines, ecstasy, cocaine and heroin. A sub-sample of 4397 articles was selected for media content analysis (with 2045 selected for full content analysis) and a large number of text elements coded for each. Key elements included topic, explicit or implicit messages about the consequences of drugs/use and three value dimensions: overall tone, whether drugs were portrayed as a crisis issue and moral evaluations of drugs/use. The dominant media portrayals depicted law enforcement or criminal justice action (55%), but most articles were reported in a neutral manner, in the absence of crisis framings. Portrayals differed between drugs, with some containing more narrow frames and more explicit moral evaluations than others. For example, heroin was disproportionately framed as a drug that will lead to legal problems. In contrast, ecstasy and cocaine were much more likely to emphasise health and social problems. Media reporting on illicit drugs is heavily distorted towards crime and deviance framings, but may be less overtly sensationalised, biased and narrowly framed than previously suggested. This is not to suggest there is no sensationalism or imbalance, but this appears more associated with particular drug types and episodes of heightened public concern. Copyright © 2011

Food security and cardiovascular disease risk among adults in the United States: findings from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 2003-2008.

Science.gov (United States)

Ford, Earl S

2013-12-05

Little is known about the relationship between food security status and predicted 10-year cardiovascular disease risk. The objective of this study was to examine the associations between food security status and cardiovascular disease risk factors and predicted 10-year risk in a national sample of US adults. A cross-sectional analysis using data from 10,455 adults aged 20 years or older from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2003-2008 was conducted. Four levels of food security status were defined by using 10 questions. Among all participants, 83.9% had full food security, 6.7% had marginal food security, 5.8% had low food security, and 3.6% had very low food security. After adjustment, mean hemoglobin A1c was 0.15% greater and mean concentration of C-reactive protein was 0.8 mg/L greater among participants with very low food security than among those with full food security. The adjusted mean concentration of cotinine among participants with very low food security was almost double that of participants with full food security (112.8 vs 62.0 ng/mL, P security status and systolic blood pressure or concentrations of total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, or non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol were observed. Participants aged 30 to 59 years with very low food security were more likely to have a predicted 10-year cardiovascular disease risk greater than 20% than fully food secure participants (adjusted prevalence ratio, 2.38; 95% CI, 1.31-4.31). Adults aged 30 to 59 years with very low food security showed evidence of increased predicted 10-year cardiovascular disease risk.

Valoración económica del patrimonio natural: las áreas naturales protegidas

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Zaniel I. Novoa Goicochea

2011-12-01

Full Text Available Economic Valuation of the natural patrimony: Protected Natural AreasThis paper offers some knowledge about the utility of Economic Valuation of Assets out of  market methods, to allow management in general and as a guide to the planning of natural areas with valuable ecologic and landscaping aspects. Here, I show the importance of the Protected Natural Areas (ANP in the national economy and their economic value. I describe the most used techniques in the valuation of ANPs with special attention to the direct using values through the application of cost of travel and contingent valuation methods.As an example of the use of these techniques, I present the application results at the Private Conservation Area-El Cañoncillo Natural Forest, with the objective to analyze the pertinence of the economic valuation by the adoption of conservation practices.El presente artículo brinda conocimientos sobre la utilidad de los métodos de valoración económica de los bienes sin mercado, tanto para su gestión en general como para que sirva de guía para la planificación de áreas naturales ecológica y paisajísticamente valiosas en particular. Muestra la importancia de las áreas naturales protegidas (ANP en la economía nacional y su valoración económica. Se describen las técnicas más usadas en la valoración de las ANP, con especial atención en los valores de uso directo a través de la aplicación de métodos de costo de viaje y de valoración contingente (CVVC.Como ejemplo de uso y potencial de estas técnicas se presentan los resultados de su aplicación en el Área de Conservación Privada Bosque Natural El Cañoncillo, con el objetivo de analizar la viabilidad de la valoración económica por medio de la adopción de prácticas de conservación.

Los espacios naturales protegidos como categoría en la ordenación del territorio. El caso de la comunidad autónoma andaluza

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

M.ª Luisa Gómez Moreno

2010-01-01

Full Text Available Se analiza la incidencia de la declaración de espacios naturales protegidos en la ordenación del territorio de la comunidad autónoma andaluza según las siguientes líneas: 1.-Origen; 2.-La relación con elementos del territorio andaluz; 3.-Aportaciones de su gestión a la ordenación del territorio y a las políticas sectoriales correspondientes a medio ambiente y desarrollo rural; 4.-Las perspectivas que abre el cambio de legislación introducido por la Ley 42/2007. Los resultados de este análisis ponen de manifiesto que la lógica de la función de los espacios naturales protegidos en Andalucía responde a una escala de comunidad autónoma en cuanto a objetivos de planificación sectorial enfocada a la conservación de los factores bióticos y abióticos y al suministro de bienes ambientales y a una escala municipal respecto a la planificación urbana pero desatiende de facto objetivos de planificación sectorial destinada al desarrollo rural de escala municipal supramunicipal.

Búsqueda y reconocimiento de los enemigos naturales y hospedantes alternos de las principales plagas. En flores bajo invernadero en la sabana de Bogotá

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Martha E. Andrade

1989-01-01

Full Text Available Las plagas que atacan cultivos de llores bajo invernadero son cada vez más importantes por la gravedad de su daño y por la alta densidad con que suelen presentarse. Para su control se ha acudido principalmente a la utilización de productos químicos, lo cual conduce a un aumento en los costos de producción, a contaminar el medio ambiente, a afectar la salud humana y a crear resistencia de los insectos a los insecticidas. Debido a esto, es necesario incluír dentro de los programas de control a los reguladores naturales de las plagas: parasitoides, depredadores y microorganismos entornógenos. En el presente trabajo se registran los enemigos naturales más importantes de las principales plagas en llores bajo invernadero (crisantemo, rosa y clavel: Liriomyza huidobrensis Blanchard, L. trifolii Burgess (Diptera: Agrornyzídae; Myzuz persicae Sulzer (Homoptera: Aphididae; Tetranychus urticae Koch y T. cinnabarinus Boísduval (Acarina: Tetranychidae; también se señalan las plantas hospedantes alternas presentes en las localidades donde se realizó la investigación.

Salt Marsh Monitoring in Jamaica Bay, New York from 2003 to 2013: A Decade of Change from Restoration to Hurricane Sandy

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Anthony Campbell

2017-02-01

Full Text Available This study used Quickbird-2 and Worldview-2, high resolution satellite imagery, in a multi-temporal salt marsh mapping and change analysis of Jamaica Bay, New York. An object-based image analysis methodology was employed. The study seeks to understand both natural and anthropogenic changes caused by Hurricane Sandy and salt marsh restoration, respectively. The objectives of this study were to: (1 document salt marsh change in Jamaica Bay from 2003 to 2013; (2 determine the impact of Hurricane Sandy on salt marshes within Jamaica Bay; (3 evaluate this long term monitoring methodology; and (4 evaluate the use of multiple sensor derived classifications to conduct change analysis. The study determined changes from 2003 to 2008, 2008 to 2012 and 2012 to 2013 to better understand the impact of restoration and natural disturbances. The study found that 21 ha of salt marsh vegetation was lost from 2003 to 2013. From 2012 to 2013, restoration efforts resulted in an increase of 10.6 ha of salt marsh. Hurricane Sandy breached West Pond, a freshwater environment, causing 3.1 ha of freshwater wetland loss. The natural salt marsh showed a decreasing trend in loss. Larger salt marshes in 2012 tended to add vegetation in 2012–2013 (F4,6 = 13.93, p = 0.0357 and R2 = 0.90. The study provides important information for the resource management of Jamaica Bay.

Changes in mortality rates and humanitarian conditions in Darfur, Sudan 2003-2007.

Science.gov (United States)

Garfield, Richard; Polonsky, Jonny

2010-01-01

The Darfur region of Sudan has been an intense focus of humanitarian concern since rebellions began there early in 2003. In 2004, the US Secretary of State declared that conflict in Darfur represented genocide. Since 2003, many sample surveys and various mortality estimates for Darfur have been made. Nonetheless, confusion and controversy surrounding mortality levels and trends have continued. For this project, results were reviewed from the highest quality field surveys on mortality in Darfur conducted between 2003 and 2008. Trend analysis demonstrated a dramatic decline in mortality over time in Darfur. By 2005, mortality levels had fallen below emergency levels and have continued to decline. Deaths directly due violence have declined as a proportion of all of the deaths in Darfur. Declining mortality in Darfur was not associated with other proximate improvements in well-being, such as improved nutrition. Without large-scale, humanitarian intervention, continuing high rates of mortality due to violence likely would have occurred. If mortality had continued at the high rate documented in 2004, by January 2009, there would have been 330,000 additional deaths. With the humanitarian assistance provided through the United Nations and non-governmental organizations, these people are alive today. A focus on excess deaths among noncombatants may draw attention away from other needs, such as establishing better security, improving service delivery to the displaced, and advocating for internally displaced persons to be reached today and to re-establish their lives and livelihoods tomorrow.

U.S. Army Deployment Injury Surveillance Summary Calendar Year 2008. 1 January 2008 - 31 December 2008

Science.gov (United States)

2009-09-15

basketball (24 percent), weightlifting (19 percent), PT (18 percent), and football (14 percent). Injury Prevention Report No. 12-HF-0C7F-10, 1 Jan... INJURY PREVENTION REPORT NO. 12-HF-0C7F-10 U.S. ARMY DEPLOYMENT INJURY SURVEILLANCE SUMMARY CALENDAR YEAR 2008 1 JANUARY 2008–31...2008 – 31 December 2008 4. TITLE AND SUBTITLE U.S. Army Deployment Injury Surveillance Summary 2008 5a. CONTRACT NUMBER n/a 5b. GRANT NUMBER

Impacto de la actividad turística sobre la urbanización y los recursos naturales. Caso Puerto Vallarta, Jalisco.

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Natasha Molina

2016-01-01

Full Text Available La urbanización es un proceso territorial y sociodemográfico que se centra en grupos de habitantes que realizan diferentes actividades, lo que induce a una transformación radical en diferentes aspectos socioeconómicos, culturales y ambientales; propiciando la degradación de los ecosistemas naturales, este último ligado al cambio de uso de suelo. México cuenta con 117 puertos y terminales portuarios, en su mayoría se encuentran estrechamente ligados a asentamientos humanos que se benefician directa o indirectamente del puerto, debido a la gran disponibilidad de recursos naturales y del aprovechamiento económico que podría efectuarse en los mismos. En el caso de Puerto Vallarta, el cual constituye uno de los puntos clave de escala entre las rutas de cruceros del Pacífico Norte de América; esto ha contribuido a su desarrollo y expansión. El apogeo que tuvo este puerto se debió al interés gubernamental en crear las condiciones de infraestructura para que los turistas tuvieran pleno desarrollo de sus actividades y cumplir con las demandas que la actividad turística necesitaba abastecer. El crecimiento acelerado de la mancha urbana y la falta de planeación del puerto dieron inicio a afectaciones en aspectos socioambientales, factor principal en la pérdida del objetivo clave en materia del plan de desarrollo turístico.

EDF group - annual report 2003; Groupe EDF - rapport annuel 2003

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2004-07-01

This document contains the magazine, the financial statements and the sustainable development report of Electricite de France (EdF) group for 2003: 1 - the magazine (chairman's statement, group profile, vision and strategy); 2 - the consolidated financial statements for the period ended 31 December 2003 (statutory auditors' report on the consolidated financial statements, EDF's summary annual financial statements); 3 - sustainable development report (transparency and dialogue, responsibility, commitment, partnerships for progress). (J.S.)

IFP - Annual report 2003; IFP - Rapport annuel 2003

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2003-07-01

The Institute Francais du Petrole (IFP) is an independent industrial research and development, education and training and information center active in the oil, natural gas and automobile industries. IFP strategy is based on a clear vision of the long term evolution of the world energy sector. IFP strategic positioning is thus aimed at taking advantage of the opportunities that arise and making full use of its scientific and technological strengths. This 2003 annual report presents the IFP strategic positioning, facts and figures, highlights of 2003, IFP executive committee, the IFP as a player in sustainable development, the exploration-reservoir engineering, drilling-production, refining-petrochemicals, engines-energy, education and training activities and the IFP Group. (A.L.B.)

Ciclo de vida, hábitos y enemigos naturales de Liriomyza sativae blanchard (Diptera: agromyzidae), minador del fríjol

OpenAIRE

Cruz L. Jaime de la; Cruz R. Ana M. de la; Cardona J. César

1989-01-01

El presente estudio se realizó en el Centro Internacional de Agricultura Tropical CIAT, Palmira. Se consideró como objetivo principal el estudio biológico del minador del fríjol liriomyza sativae Blanchard, en condiciones controladas de invernadero y sus enemigos naturales. Se hizo la descripción morfológica de todos los estados de desarrollo del insecto y de los daños ocasionados por el adulto. Igualmente se midió la duración del ciclo de vida en condiciones controladas; temperatura promedia...

Swiss electricity statistics 2008; Schweizerische Elektrizitaetsstatistik 2008 / Statistique suisse de l'electricite 2008

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2009-06-15

This comprehensive report made by the Swiss Federal Office of Energy (SFOE) presents the statistics for 2008 on electricity production and usage in Switzerland for the year 2008. First of all, an overview of Switzerland's electricity supply in 2008 is presented. Details are noted of the proportions generated by different sources including nuclear, hydro-power, storage schemes and thermal power stations as well as energy transfer with neighbouring countries. A second chapter takes a look at the balance of imports and exports with illustrative flow diagrams along with tables for total figures from 1950 through to 2008. For the summer and winter periods, figures from 1995 to 2008 are presented. The third chapter examines the production of electricity in the various types of power stations and the developments over the years 1950 to 2008, whereby, for example, statistics on regional generation and power station type are looked at. The fourth chapter looks at electricity consumption in various sectors from 1984 to 2008 and compares the figures with international data. The fifth chapter looks at generation, consumption and loading on particular days and chapter six considers energy exchange with Switzerland's neighbours. Chapter seven takes a look at possibilities for extending generation facilities in the period up to 2015.

INFLUENCIA DE TÉCNICAS DE MEJORA DE SUELOS SOBRE LA FUNCIÓN HÍDRICA DE PASTOS NATURALES ALTOANDINOS.

OpenAIRE

Oscanoa, Luis; Ph.D. (c) Investigador asociado, The Mountain Institute – Laboratorio Pastizales UNALM, Lima Perú.; Flores, Enrique; Ph.D. Manejo de Pastizales, Profesor Principal EPG UNALM, Lima Perú.

2016-01-01

Se investigaron los pastos naturales degradados de la comunidad campesina Cordillera Blanca, Huaraz – Perú. El objetivo fue estudiar la influencia de las técnicas de mejora (T) sobre el estado ecológico (Ee), recuperación hidrológica (H) y control de la erosión (Er) del pastizal de condición muy pobre. El diseño experimental fue completamente al azar con arreglo factorial (3 técnicas x 6 épocas por parámetro de estudio). La investigación duró dos años, etapa en la cual se estudiaron el Ee (ve...

Algunos otros documentos e indicaciones de utilidad para la historia de las Ciencias Naturales en España

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Laínz S.J., Manuel

2002-06-01

Full Text Available To end my recent and modest contributions to the history of Spanish Natural Sciences in the 20th Century, I refer, basically, to the epistolary correspondence of Navás to C. (and I. Bolívar I could gather. It is of not little interest, notwithstanding its reduced amount.Como punto final de mis aportaciones de los últimos años -modestas- a la historia de las Ciencias Naturales patrias en el pasado siglo, aquí me refiero, fundamentalmente, a las comunicaciones epistolares que pude allegar de Navás a los Bolívar -de no poco interés, en su menguado conjunto.

Las áreas naturales protegidas y la investigación ecológica de largo plazo en México

OpenAIRE

Maass Moreno, Manuel; Jardel Peláez, Enrique; Martínez Yrízar, Angelina; Calderón Aguilera, Luis; Herrera Silveira, Jorge; Castillo Álvarez, Alicia; Euán Ávila, Jorge; Equihua Zamora, Miguel

2010-01-01

Detrás de la actual crisis ambiental está nuestra limitada comprensión de los procesos ecológicos y sociales que operan a escalas espacio-temporales amplias. Esta falta de conocimiento ha desencadenado fallos en los esquemas de manejo y utilización de los servicios y recursos que nos brindan los ecosistemas naturales, lo que a su vez ha provocado su deterioro a escalas globales. Una respuesta de la comunidad académica a este vacío del conocimiento ha sido la formación de grupos de científicos...

DESY. Scientific annual report 2003; DESY. Wissenschaftlicher Jahresbericht 2003

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2004-07-01

In the following the main progresses at DESY in the fields accelerator development, elementary-particle physics, research with photons and particle astrophysics, as well as the accelerator development are briefly presented. More detailed descriptions of the events and important developments of the year 2003 are found in the following chapters of the present annual report. [German] Im Folgenden werden die wesentlichen Fortschritte bei DESY auf den Gebieten Beschleunigerentwicklung, Elementarteilchenphysik, Forschung mit Photonen und Astroteilchenphysik sowie der Beschleunigerentwicklung kurz dargestellt. Detailliertere Ausfuehrungen der Ereignisse und wichtige Entwicklungen des Jahres 2003 finden sich in den folgenden Kapiteln des vorliegenden Jahresberichts. (orig.)

Statistics 2003 - in nuclear medicine; Isotopstatistik 2003 - foer nukleaermedicinsk verksamhet

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Joensson, Helene; Richter, Sven

2004-12-01

In this compilation the use of radioactive substances in therapies and in vivo examinations during 2003 at all hospitals in Sweden is presented. For each nuclide, examination type, chemical form, way of administration, number of reporters, total number of examinations, mean activity used, and minimum and maximum activity is presented. Of the compilation it becomes known that during 2003 approximately 103,000 examinations and 3,300 therapies were performed. The total dose to the population from diagnostic procedures was 452 manSv.

Hydropower annual report 2003

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Cada, Glenn F. [Oak Ridge National Lab. (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States); Carlson, Thomas J. [Pacific Northwest National Lab. (PNNL), Richland, WA (United States); Dauble, Dennis D. [Pacific Northwest National Lab. (PNNL), Richland, WA (United States); Hunt, Richard T. [Idaho National Lab. (INL), Idaho Falls, ID (United States). Idaho National Engineering Lab. (INEL); Sale, Michael J. [Oak Ridge National Lab. (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States); Sommers, Garold L. [Idaho National Lab. (INL), Idaho Falls, ID (United States). Idaho National Engineering Lab. (INEL)

2004-02-01

This report describes hydropower activities supported by the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) Wind and Hydropower Program during Fiscal Year 2003 (October 1, 2002 to September 30, 2003). Background on the program, FY03 accomplishments, and future plans are presented in the following sections.

Rate of candidiasis among HIV-infected children in Spain in the era of highly active antiretroviral therapy (1997-2008).

Science.gov (United States)

Álvaro-Meca, Alejandro; Jensen, Julia; Micheloud, Dariela; Díaz, Asunción; Gurbindo, Dolores; Resino, Salvador

2013-03-04

Candidiasis is the most common opportunistic infection seen in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected individuals. The aim of our study was to estimate the candidiasis rate and evaluate its trend in HIV-infected children in Spain during the era of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) compared to HIV-uninfected children. We carried out a retrospective study. Data were obtained from the records of the Minimum Basic Data Set from hospitals in Spain. All HIV-infected children were under 17 years of age, and a group of HIV-uninfected children with hospital admissions matching the study group by gender and age were randomly selected. The follow-up period (1997-2008) was divided into three calendar periods: a) From 1997 to 1999 for early-period HAART; b) from 2000 to 2002 for mid-period HAART; and c) from 2003 to 2008 for late-period HAART. Among children with hospital admissions, HIV-infected children had much higher values than HIV-uninfected children during each of the three calendar periods for overall candidiasis rates (150.0 versus 6.1 events per 1,000 child hospital admissions/year (p candidiasis rate (events per 1,000 HIV-infected children/year) decreased from 1997-1999 to 2000-2002 (18.8 to 10.6; p candidiasis, both non-ICM and ICM rates experienced significant decreases from 1997-1999 to 2003-2008 (15.9 to 5.7 (p candidiasis rate still remains higher than in the general population (from 1997 to 2008), candidiasis diagnoses have decreased among HIV-infected children throughout the HAART era, and it has ceased to be a major health problem among children with HIV infection.

Enova 2008; Enova 2008

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

2009-07-01

Enova's results for 2008 was 2,15 TWh by saved and produced renewable energy. Totally Enova has contributed by activating environmental friendly energy projects equivalent 11,6 TWh up to 2009. This is a good step towards Enova's long-term goal and corresponding to an amount of approximately 10 % of Norway's united consumption of electricity throughout one year. This report presents all figures for 2008 in addition to information about Enova's activities. (AG). refs., figs., tabs., ills

Deficiencias del índice de fragilidad ambiental en la valoración de las amenazas naturales para la planificación territorial

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Barrantes Castillo, Gustavo

2012-12-01

Full Text Available Las amenazas naturales son incorporadas en la planificación territorial por medio de una metodología oficial que pretende incorporar la variable ambiental en el ordenamiento territorial, denominada Índice de Fragilidad Ambiental (IFA. Por tratarse de un índice que agrupa mucha información corre el riesgo de ocultar las amenazas que están presentes en un espacio concreto. Así mismo, los métodos mínimos aportados para estimar las variables con que se valoran las amenazas resultan poco robustos pudiendo llevar a una subestimación de la amenaza. La revisión realizada, por medio de una simulación hipotética, mostró que este índice no es apropiado para incorporar las amenazas naturales en la planificación territorial The natural hazards are incorporated on the territorial plans for a official methodology that include the environment topic on the land use planning, called "Indice de Fragilidad Ambiental". That Index groups a lot of information, so it can hide the hazards present on some space. Also, the minimum methods given to estimate the variables, and asses the hazards, come to be weak, so that can undervalue the actual hazard. The review which was made per hypothetical simulation, showed that the index isn´t appropriate to incorporate the natural hazards on the land use planning

Occurrence in Mexico, 1998-2008, of Vibrio cholerae CTX+ El Tor carrying an additional truncated CTX prophage.

Science.gov (United States)

Alam, Munirul; Rashed, Shah Manzur; Mannan, Shahnewaj Bin; Islam, Tarequl; Lizarraga-Partida, Marcial Leonardo; Delgado, Gabriela; Morales-Espinosa, Rosario; Mendez, Jose Luis; Navarro, Armando; Watanabe, Haruo; Ohnishi, Makoto; Hasan, Nur A; Huq, Anwar; Sack, R Bradley; Colwell, Rita R; Cravioto, Alejandro

2014-07-08

The seventh cholera pandemic caused by Vibrio cholerae O1 El Tor (ET) has been superseded in Asia and Africa by altered ET possessing the cholera toxin (CTX) gene of classical (CL) biotype. The CL biotype of V. cholerae was isolated, along with prototypic and altered ET, during the 1991 cholera epidemic in Mexico and subsequently remained endemic until 1997. Microbiological, molecular, and phylogenetic analyses of clinical and environmental V. cholerae isolated in Mexico between 1998 and 2008 revealed important genetic events favoring predominance of ET over CL and altered ET. V. cholerae altered ET was predominant after 1991 but not after 2000. V. cholerae strains isolated between 2001 and 2003 and a majority isolated in 2004 lacked CTX prophage (Φ) genes encoding CTX subunits A and B and repeat sequence transcriptional regulators of ET and CL biotypes: i.e., CTXΦ(-). Most CTXΦ(-) V. cholerae isolated in Mexico between 2001 and 2003 also lacked toxin coregulated pili tcpA whereas some carried either tcpA(ET) or a variant tcpA with noticeable sequence dissimilarity from tcpA(CL). The tcpA variants were not detected in 2005 after CTXΦ(+) ET became dominant. All clinical and environmental V. cholerae O1 strains isolated during 2005-2008 in Mexico were CTXΦ(+) ET, carrying an additional truncated CTXΦ instead of RS1 satellite phage. Despite V. cholerae CTXΦ(-) ET exhibiting heterogeneity in pulsed-field gel electrophoresis patterns, CTXΦ(+) ET isolated during 2004-2008 displayed homogeneity and clonal relationship with V. cholerae ET N16961 and V. cholerae ET isolated in Peru.

Principales limitantes y soluciones para la producción de alimentos: Contribución del Programa de Innovación en Matanzas, Cuba

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Taymer Miranda

Full Text Available Se realizó una investigación con el objetivo de identificar las limitantes para la producción de alimentos, así como sus causas y posibles soluciones, en 25 fincas de los municipios Perico, Martí, Colón y Jagüey Grande (provincia Matanzas, Cuba involucradas en el Programa de Innovación Agrícola Local (PIAL; las cuales se identificaron y construyeron, de manera conjunta, con productores, propietarios o usufructuarios de dichas fincas. El diagnóstico se hizo de forma participativa, desde los puntos de vista social, económico y ambiental, teniendo en cuenta los métodos recomendados por el CATIE de Costa Rica. Las principales limitantes identificadas fueron: la insuficiente base alimentaria para los animales; los elevados precios de los insumos agropecuarios respecto al precio de los productos; la ineficiente cadena productiva, con incumplimientos tanto de proveedores como de receptores; la falta de conocimiento agrícola de algunos propietarios o usufructuarios de reciente incorporación; así como la baja calidad genética de los animales. Estas limitantes afectan fundamentalmente la producción de leche, la cual constituye el rubro comercial de la mayoría de las fincas estudiadas, que a su vez se encuentran afectadas por la inadecuada cobertura del suelo debido al sobrepastoreo. Los resultados indicaron que los recursos obtenidos por diversas vías se debían dirigir hacia aquellos aspectos de mayor prioridad para las fincas, lo cual fue discutido durante la planificación con las familias campesinas y con las juntas directivas de las cooperativas. Esto agilizaría la elaboración de proyectos y esclarecería la dirección de las inversiones.

Brazilian energy balance 2004: calendar year 2003

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

2004-01-01

This report shows the energy flows of different primary and secondary sources, from the production to the final consumption in all the sectors of the Brazilian economy, for the calendar year 2003. It is divided into nine sections: a summary from 1970 to 2003; energy supply and demand by source, from 1988 to 2003; energy consumption by sector from 1988 to 2003; energy foreign trading also from 1988 to 2003; transformation centers balances in the same period; energy resources and reserves from 1973 to 2003; energy and socio-economy from 1988 to 2003; regional parameters, and appendices including installed capacity, international data, general structure of the balance, information processing, conversion units and consolidated energy balances. It also presents analytical texts on the main energy numbers for 2003 and also energy evolution in Brazil and energy expansion all over the world

Aproximaciones al estado del arte de la ambientalización de los proyectos curriculares de biología y Ciencias Naturales

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Liliana Puerto Acosta

2015-12-01

2. En la literatura internacional ¿Qué estudios existen que identifiquen las problemáticas de los profesores de ciencias en sus prácticas de aula ante las demandas y compromisos con la EA? 2.1.¿La ambientalización en los programas de formación para profesores de ciencias naturales es o no un renglón importante en la formación de los futuros profesores en las universidades en Colombia y en particular en Bogotá? A fin de aproximarnos a la respuesta, de estas preguntas se realizó una revisión de literatura usando la base de datos bibliográficade resúmenes y citas: Scopus (de la plataforma Elsevier, con ampliación de la información por acceso a textos completos desde la base: Science Direct, y gestionado con el programa Mendeley, un total de 180 referencias, usando como Tesauro de búsqueda: “training teachers in environmentaleducation”, y “sustanaible curricula”, “teachers science and environmentaleducation”, se escogió una línea de tiempo entre 2002 a 2015 básicamente para rastrear la influencia de los tratados internacionales en la ambientalización de la universidad, lo que en inglés se conoce como “Green University” y aproximarnos también a la posible influencia de los estándares curriculares del año 2000 en la formación del profesorado de ciencias naturales.

Maaturismi areng : [2003 Eestis] / Kristine Hindriks

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

Hindriks, Kristine

2004-01-01

Ilmunud ka: Agriculture and rural development : overview 2003/2004. - Tallinn, 2004, lk. 151-155. EAS Turismiarenduskeskuse andmetel saabus 2003. a. Eestisse 3,38 mln väliskülastajat, mis on 4% rohkem kui 2002. a. MTÜ Eesti Maaturism tegevusest 2003. a. Diagrammid

END-OF-YEAR-CLOSURE 2003/2004

CERN Document Server

2003-01-01

As announced in Weekly Bulletin N 4/2003, the Laboratory will be closed from Saturday 20 December 2003 to Sunday 4 January 2004 inclusive. This period consists of 16 days: - 4 days' official holiday, i.e. 24, 25 and 31 December 2003 and 1 January 2004; - 6 days' special paid leave in accordance with Article R II 4.34 of the Staff Regulations, i.e. 22, 23, 26 , 29 and 30 December 2003 and 2 January 2004; - 3 Saturdays, i.e. 20 and 27 December 2003 and 3 January 2004; - 3 Sundays, i.e. 21 and 28 December 2003 and 4 January 2004. The first working day in the New Year will be Monday 5 January 2004. Further information will be available from Division Secretariats, specifically concerning the conditions applicable to members of the personnel who are required to work during this period. Human Resources Division Tel. 74474

END-OF-YEAR-CLOSURE 2002/2003

CERN Multimedia

Human Resources Division

2002-01-01

As announced in Weekly Bulletin Nº 4/2002, the Laboratory will be closed from Saturday 21 December 2002 to Sunday 5 January 2003 inclusive. This period consists of 16 days: 4 days' official holiday, i.e. 24, 25 and 31 December 2002 and 1 January 2003; 6 days' special paid leave in accordance with Article R II 4.34 of the Staff Regulations, i.e. 23, 26, 27 and 30 December 2002 and 2 and 3 January 2003; 3 Saturdays, i.e. 21 and 28 December 2002 and 4 January 2003; 3 Sundays, i.e. 22 and 29 December 2002 and 5 January 2003. The first working day in the New Year will be Monday 6 January 2003. Further information will be available from Division Secretariats, specifically concerning the conditions applicable to members of the personnel who are required to work during this period. Human Resources Division Tel. 74474

CERN Technical Training 2003: Learning for the LHC ! DISP-2003  -  Digital Signal Processing

CERN Multimedia

2003-01-01

DISP-2003 is a two-term course given by CERN and University of Lausanne (UNIL) experts within the framework of the Technical Training Programme. The course will review the current techniques dealing with Digital Signal Processing. The DISP-2003 lecture series is composed of two Terms, and it is intended for an audience who work or will work on digital signal processing aspects, and who need an introductory or refresher/update course. The course will be in English, with questions and answers also in French. Spring 1 Term: DISP-2003: Introduction to Digital Signal Processing 20 February 2003 - 3 April 2003, 7 lectures, Thursdays (attendance cost: 70.- CHF, registration required) Lecturers: Maria Elena Angoletta, AB-BDI; Guy Baribaud, AB-BDI; Philippe Baudrenghien, AB-RF; Laurent Deniau, AT-MTM Programme: 'Classical' digital signal processing. Fourier analysis. The Laplace transform. The z-transform. Digital filters. Statistics for Signal Processing. Signal Estimation and Spectral Analysis. Spring 2 T...

ACL injuries – treatment and patients´ experiences of outpatient surgery at UNN 2008-2010

OpenAIRE

Pada, Marika Teresia

2013-01-01

Background: Since 2003 anterior cruciate ligament reconstructions have been done as outpatient surgery at the University Hospital of North Norway, UNN. Previously, the surgeries required overnight hospital stay. In 2010 a survey was done to see the experiences of the patients to whom ACL reconstruction was done 2004-2007. Thesis aims: This master thesis will focus on the patients that underwent surgery during 2008-2010, to see if the routines at UNN have improved over the past few years. Impo...

Características de una metodología investigativa para el aprendizaje constructivista y significativo de las Ciencias Naturales de Bachillerato

OpenAIRE

Yus Ramos, Rafael

1988-01-01

En este artículo, se presenta algunos rasgos que caracterizan la aplicación de una metodología investigativa, destinada a un aprendizaje constructivista y significativo de las ciencias Naturales en el nivel medio. Dicha metodología parte de las implicaciones didácticas que derivan de las aportaciones de la psicología evolutiva y la psicología del aprendizaje, concretándose en el uso de las estrategias que proponen la construcción personal de los conceptos, entre las que destaca, la utilizació...

7 CFR 2003.5 - Headquarters organization.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-01-01

... 7 Agriculture 15 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Headquarters organization. 2003.5 Section 2003.5...) ADMINISTRATIVE REGULATIONS ORGANIZATION Functional Organization of the Rural Development Mission Area § 2003.5 Headquarters organization. (a) The Rural Development Headquarters is comprised of: (1) The Office of the Under...

Curso optativo Taller riesgos naturales y percepción y recursos didácticos para la enseñanza de los riesgos naturales en Costa Rica

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Arauz Muñoz, Jeannette

2007-06-01

Full Text Available Este artículo es continuación del publicado en la edición N° 3 agosto 2005, del Boletín Informativo Enlace de Esfuerzos. Incluye una explicación de las actividades realizadas como parte del curso optativo "Taller riesgos naturales y percepción" de la Universidad Nacional. Informa sobre uno de los principales objetivos del proyecto, consistente en el desarrollo de recursos educativos en el tema de los riesgos a desastres. Se explica la metodología utilizada en las campañas educativas realizadas en las diferentes comunidades y escuelas del país, los logros en la producción didáctica y los aportes en la prevención del riesgo This article is the continuation of the one published in edition N° 3, August 2005, of the informative bulleting Efforts Connection (Enlace de Esfuerzos. It includes an explanation of the activities developed as part of the optional course "Workshop about Natural Risks and Perception" of the National University. It informs about one of the main objectives of the Project, which consists on the development of educational resources about risks and disasters. It explains the methodology used in the educational campaigns developed in the different communities and schools of the country, the achievements in the didactics production and the contributions in the risk prevention

A spatial national health facility database for public health sector planning in Kenya in 2008

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Gething Peter W

2009-03-01

Full Text Available Abstract Background Efforts to tackle the enormous burden of ill-health in low-income countries are hampered by weak health information infrastructures that do not support appropriate planning and resource allocation. For health information systems to function well, a reliable inventory of health service providers is critical. The spatial referencing of service providers to allow their representation in a geographic information system is vital if the full planning potential of such data is to be realized. Methods A disparate series of contemporary lists of health service providers were used to update a public health facility database of Kenya last compiled in 2003. These new lists were derived primarily through the national distribution of antimalarial and antiretroviral commodities since 2006. A combination of methods, including global positioning systems, was used to map service providers. These spatially-referenced data were combined with high-resolution population maps to analyze disparity in geographic access to public health care. Findings The updated 2008 database contained 5,334 public health facilities (67% ministry of health; 28% mission and nongovernmental organizations; 2% local authorities; and 3% employers and other ministries. This represented an overall increase of 1,862 facilities compared to 2003. Most of the additional facilities belonged to the ministry of health (79% and the majority were dispensaries (91%. 93% of the health facilities were spatially referenced, 38% using global positioning systems compared to 21% in 2003. 89% of the population was within 5 km Euclidean distance to a public health facility in 2008 compared to 71% in 2003. Over 80% of the population outside 5 km of public health service providers was in the sparsely settled pastoralist areas of the country. Conclusion We have shown that, with concerted effort, a relatively complete inventory of mapped health services is possible with enormous potential for

A spatial national health facility database for public health sector planning in Kenya in 2008.

Science.gov (United States)

Noor, Abdisalan M; Alegana, Victor A; Gething, Peter W; Snow, Robert W

2009-03-06

Efforts to tackle the enormous burden of ill-health in low-income countries are hampered by weak health information infrastructures that do not support appropriate planning and resource allocation. For health information systems to function well, a reliable inventory of health service providers is critical. The spatial referencing of service providers to allow their representation in a geographic information system is vital if the full planning potential of such data is to be realized. A disparate series of contemporary lists of health service providers were used to update a public health facility database of Kenya last compiled in 2003. These new lists were derived primarily through the national distribution of antimalarial and antiretroviral commodities since 2006. A combination of methods, including global positioning systems, was used to map service providers. These spatially-referenced data were combined with high-resolution population maps to analyze disparity in geographic access to public health care. The updated 2008 database contained 5,334 public health facilities (67% ministry of health; 28% mission and nongovernmental organizations; 2% local authorities; and 3% employers and other ministries). This represented an overall increase of 1,862 facilities compared to 2003. Most of the additional facilities belonged to the ministry of health (79%) and the majority were dispensaries (91%). 93% of the health facilities were spatially referenced, 38% using global positioning systems compared to 21% in 2003. 89% of the population was within 5 km Euclidean distance to a public health facility in 2008 compared to 71% in 2003. Over 80% of the population outside 5 km of public health service providers was in the sparsely settled pastoralist areas of the country. We have shown that, with concerted effort, a relatively complete inventory of mapped health services is possible with enormous potential for improving planning. Expansion in public health care in Kenya has

2003 - Mazda ja Lexuse aasta / Tõnu Tramm

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

Tramm, Tõnu, 1968-

2004-01-01

Ilmunud ka: Delovõje Vedomosti 14. jaan. lk. 10. Ülevaade uute sõiduautode müügist Eestis 2003. aastal. Tabelid: Uute sõiduautode müük 2003; Mudelite TOP 5 2003; Müük tootjariikide lõikes; Suurimad sõiduautode importöörid; Jaemüüjatele oli 2003. aasta konkurentsitihe

The reptile type specimens preserved in the Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales (CSIC) of Madrid, Spain.

Science.gov (United States)

García-Díez, Teresa; González-Fernández, José E

2013-01-01

A first complete list of the reptile type specimens preserved in the Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales (CSIC) of Madrid (updated until 15 July 2012) is provided. The collection houses a total of 319 type specimens representing 24 taxa belonging to 6 families and 12 genera. There are 22 taxa represented by primary types (19 holotypes, 2 neotypes and 1lectotype) and at least one paratype, and only two taxa are exclusively represented by one secondary type (paratype). The collection is specially rich in Spanish endemisms. Special attention is deserved by the type series of many subspecies of Podarcis lilfordi described by A. Salvador and V. Pdéez-Mellado. All type specimens are housed in the Herpetological collection except Blanus mariae and Psaimodroims occidentalis type series and Psammodroims hispanicus (neotype) which are preserved in the DNA/Tissues Collection.

Phylogenetic Diversity of Vibrio cholerae Associated with Endemic Cholera in Mexico from 1991 to 2008

OpenAIRE

Choi, Seon Young; Rashed, Shah M.; Hasan, Nur A.; Alam, Munirul; Islam, Tarequl; Sadique, Abdus; Johura, Fatema-Tuz; Eppinger, Mark; Ravel, Jacques; Huq, Anwar; Cravioto, Alejandro; Colwell, Rita R.

2016-01-01

ABSTRACT An outbreak of cholera occurred in 1991 in Mexico, where it had not been reported for more than a century and is now endemic. Vibrio cholerae O1 prototype El Tor and classical strains coexist with altered El Tor strains (1991 to 1997). Nontoxigenic (CTX?) V.?cholerae El Tor dominated toxigenic (CTX+) strains (2001 to 2003), but V.?cholerae CTX+ variant El Tor was isolated during 2004 to 2008, outcompeting CTX? V.?cholerae. Genomes of six Mexican V.?cholerae O1 strains isolated during...

Maksuameti välissuhted 2003 = Foreign relations in 2003

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

2004-01-01

2003. a. tähtsündmuseks maksuameti välissuhtluses olid Euroopa Maksuametite Organisatsiooni (IOTA) eesistujana korraldatud kaks rahvusvahelist üritust: e-teenuste seminar aprillis ja IOTA 7. peaassamblee septembris

ANDRA. 2003 activity report; ANDRA. Rapport d'activite 2003

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2004-05-01

This document includes both the activity report and the management and financial situation report of the French national agency for the management of radioactive wastes (ANDRA). Content: ANDRA's missions: 1 - the industrial mission (short-lived low- and medium-level wastes, a new disposal facility for the very low level wastes, wastes from diffuse nuclear origins); 2 - the research mission (methodology and approach, knowledge gained in 2003, the 2003 experimental program of the Meuse-Haute Marne underground laboratory, the three approaches applied to research, projects for radium- and graphite-bearing wastes, international relations); 3 - information mission (public expectations and specific answers, inventory mission). (J.S.)

1. half results 2003 - AREVA group; Resultats du 1. semestre 2003 - groupe AREVA

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2003-10-01

This financial presentation of the Areva group, the world nuclear industry leader, results for the first half 2003 highlights the good level of activity, the negotiations with URENCO in final stages concerning the enrichment, the revision of estimates and negotiations underway concerning the dismantling and the operating income positive in Q2 2003 concerning the connectors division. (A.L.B.)

2003 annual report

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

2004-01-01

The 2003 issue of the annual report of the French nuclear safety authority (ASR) presents the activities of the ASR in the following domains: 2003 highlights (the project of law relative to the nuclear transparency and safety, the EPR reactor project, the radioprotection priorities, the inspection of radioprotection, the action plan for the monitoring of patients' exposure to ionizing radiations, the 2003 heat wave and the operation of nuclear power plants, the national plan of radioactive wastes management, the behaviour of long living and high level radioactive wastes, and the European 'nuclear package'), nuclear activities, ionizing radiations and health hazards, organisation of nuclear safety control and radioprotection, radioprotection and nuclear facilities regulation, control of nuclear activities, public information and transparency, international relations, radiological emergency situations, radiological and biomedical activities, industrial and research activities, transport of radioactive materials, safety and radioprotection of nuclear power plants, research and other nuclear facilities, fuel cycle centers, safety of the definitive shut-down and dismantling of nuclear facilities, radioactive waste management and cleansing of polluted sites. (J.S.)

Food Security and Cardiovascular Disease Risk Among Adults in the United States: Findings From the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 2003–2008

Science.gov (United States)

2013-01-01

Introduction Little is known about the relationship between food security status and predicted 10-year cardiovascular disease risk. The objective of this study was to examine the associations between food security status and cardiovascular disease risk factors and predicted 10-year risk in a national sample of US adults. Methods A cross-sectional analysis using data from 10,455 adults aged 20 years or older from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2003–2008 was conducted. Four levels of food security status were defined by using 10 questions. Results Among all participants, 83.9% had full food security, 6.7% had marginal food security, 5.8% had low food security, and 3.6% had very low food security. After adjustment, mean hemoglobin A1c was 0.15% greater and mean concentration of C-reactive protein was 0.8 mg/L greater among participants with very low food security than among those with full food security. The adjusted mean concentration of cotinine among participants with very low food security was almost double that of participants with full food security (112.8 vs 62.0 ng/mL, P security status and systolic blood pressure or concentrations of total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, or non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol were observed. Participants aged 30 to 59 years with very low food security were more likely to have a predicted 10-year cardiovascular disease risk greater than 20% than fully food secure participants (adjusted prevalence ratio, 2.38; 95% CI, 1.31–4.31). Conclusion Adults aged 30 to 59 years with very low food security showed evidence of increased predicted 10-year cardiovascular disease risk. PMID:24309090

Inequality in fertility rate and modern contraceptive use among Ghanaian women from 1988-2008.

Science.gov (United States)

Asamoah, Benedict O; Agardh, Anette; Ostergren, Per-Östergren

2013-05-29

In most resource poor countries, particularly sub-Saharan Africa, modern contraceptive use and prevalence is unusually low and fertility is very high resulting in rapid population growth and high maternal mortality and morbidity. Current evidence shows slow progress in expanding the use of contraceptives by women of low socioeconomic status and insufficient financial commitment to family planning programs. We examined gaps and trends in modern contraceptive use and fertility within different socio-demographic subgroups in Ghana between 1988 and 2008. We constructed a database using the Women's Questionnaire from the Ghana Demographic and Health Survey (GDHS) 1988, 1993, 1998, 2003 and 2008. We applied regression-based Total Attributable Fraction (TAF); we also calculated the Relative and Slope Indices of Inequality (RII and SII) to complement the TAF in our investigation. Equality in use of modern contraceptives increased from 1988 to 2008. In contrast, inequality in fertility rate increased from 1988 to 2008. It was also found that rural-urban residence gap in the use of modern contraceptive methods had almost disappeared in 2008, while education and income related inequalities remained. One obvious observation is that the discrepancy between equality in use of contraceptives and equality in fertility must be addressed in a future revision of policies related to family planning. Otherwise this could be a major obstacle for attaining further progress in achieving the Millennium Development Goal (MDG) 5. More research into the causes of the unfortunate discrepancy is urgently needed. There still exist significant education and income related inequalities in both parameters that need appropriate action.

El turismo de naturaleza en espacios naturales. El caso del parque regional de las Salinas y Arenales de San Pedro del Pinatar

OpenAIRE

Ballesteros Pelegrín, Gustavo Alfonso

2014-01-01

Los espacios naturales atraen a turistas que buscan el contacto con la naturaleza, surgiendo nuevos productos turísticos. Surgen, de este modo, nuevos productos turísticos. En la oferta de turismo de naturaleza del Parque Regional de las Salinas y Arenales de San Pedro del Pinatar destaca: deportes en la naturaleza, aventura y ecoturismo. Este último se divide en: turismo ornitológico y fotográfico, que junto al tradicional de sol y playa y de salud, se ve favorecido por su situación geográfi...

Radon campaigns. Status report 2008

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Arvela, H.; Valmari, T.; Reisbacka, H.; Niemelae, H.; Oinas, T.; Maekelaeinen, I.; Laitinen-Sorvari, R.

2008-12-01

Radon campaigns aim at activating citizens to make indoor radon measurements and remediation as well as increasing the common awareness of indoor radon questions. Indoor radon increases the risk of lung cancer. Through radon campaigns Radiation and Nuclear Safety Authority (STUK) also promotes the attainment of those goals that the Ministry of Social Affairs and Health has set for municipal authorities in Finland for prevention of the harmful effects of radon. The Ministry of Social Affairs and Health supports this campaign. Radon campaigns were started in autumn 2003. By autumn 2008 the campaigns have been organised already in 64 regions altogether in 160 municipalities. In some municipalities they have already arranged two campaigns. Altogether 14 100 houses have been measured and in 2 100 of these the action limit of radon remediation 400 Bq / m 3 has been exceeded. When participating in radon campaigns the house owners receive a special offer on radon detectors with a reduced price. In 2008 a new practice was introduced where the campaign advertisements were distributed by mail to low-rise residential houses in a certain region. The advertisement includes an order / deposit slip with postage paid that the house owner can send directly to STUK to easily make an order for radon measurement. In the previous radon campaigns in 2003 - 2007 the municipal authorities collected the orders from house owners and distributed later the radon detectors. The radon concentrations measured in the campaign regions have exceeded the action limit of 400 Bq / m 3 in 0 - 39% of houses, depending on the region. The total of 15% of all measurements made exceeded this limit. The remediation activities have been followed by sending a special questionnaire on remedies performed to the house owners. In 2006 - 2007 a questionnaire was sent to those households where the radon concentration of 400 Bq / m 3 was exceeded during the two first campaign seasons. Among the households that replied

Análisis del concepto de recursos naturales en dos estudios de caso en Argentina Analysis of the concept of renewable natural resources in two case studies in Argentina

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Andrea Verónica Mastrangelo

2009-12-01

Full Text Available El concepto de "recursos naturales", al igual que la misma idea de "naturaleza", presentan una dificultad para ser pensados en la investigación social, ya que su misma etimología nos hace suponer un carácter "esencial" o inmutable. Pero los "recursos naturales" no son dados de manera objetiva, sino que se relacionan con necesidades sociales específicas. De manera que tanto históricamente como en el presente estos han sido objeto de disputa entre actores en posiciones sociales desiguales y la propia noción de "recursos naturales" ha ido modificando su significado. En el presente trabajo nos proponemos desandar, a partir del análisis de dos casos etnográficos específicos, los conceptos de "recurso natural renovable" y "recurso natural no renovable". Como un modo de hacer visible aquello que se oculta cuando una categoría de la ciencia, en este caso, de la economía, forma parte del sentido común.The concept of "natural resources", in the same way as the idea of "nature" is difficult to be thought in the social investigation, probably because its own etymology supposes some essential or unchangeable characteristic. But "natural resources" are not objectively defined, but they are related to specific social needs. So, historically and nowadays resources have been under dispute among social actors unequally positioned. In these arguments, the very notion of "natural resources" itself has been changing its meaning. In this paper "Natural Resources" and "Renewable and Non renewable" classification are reviewed through the analysis of two specific ethnographic cases in Argentina, as a way of making visible what is hidden when a scientific concept, in this case a concept from the economics, takes part in the common-sense.

Diez errores usuales en la traducción de artículos científicos

OpenAIRE

Nidia Amador Domínguez

2007-01-01

Presentamos en este trabajo algunos errores frecuentes de traducción, recogidos a partir de la revisión de diversas traducciones realizadas por investigadores de la EEPF Indio Hatuey (Matanzas, Cuba). ---------------------------------------------------- Ten common mistakes in the translation of scientific articles. In this paper we present some common translation mistakes collected from our revisions of translations by researchers of the EEPF Indio Hatuey (Matanzas, Cuba).

Rate of candidiasis among HIV-infected children in Spain in the era of highly active antiretroviral therapy (1997–2008)

Science.gov (United States)

2013-01-01

Background Candidiasis is the most common opportunistic infection seen in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected individuals. The aim of our study was to estimate the candidiasis rate and evaluate its trend in HIV-infected children in Spain during the era of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) compared to HIV-uninfected children. Methods We carried out a retrospective study. Data were obtained from the records of the Minimum Basic Data Set from hospitals in Spain. All HIV-infected children were under 17 years of age, and a group of HIV-uninfected children with hospital admissions matching the study group by gender and age were randomly selected. The follow-up period (1997–2008) was divided into three calendar periods: a) From 1997 to 1999 for early-period HAART; b) from 2000 to 2002 for mid-period HAART; and c) from 2003 to 2008 for late-period HAART. Results Among children with hospital admissions, HIV-infected children had much higher values than HIV-uninfected children during each of the three calendar periods for overall candidiasis rates (150.0 versus 6.1 events per 1,000 child hospital admissions/year (p candidiasis rate (events per 1,000 HIV-infected children/year) decreased from 1997–1999 to 2000–2002 (18.8 to 10.6; p candidiasis, both non-ICM and ICM rates experienced significant decreases from 1997–1999 to 2003–2008 (15.9 to 5.7 (p candidiasis rate still remains higher than in the general population (from 1997 to 2008), candidiasis diagnoses have decreased among HIV-infected children throughout the HAART era, and it has ceased to be a major health problem among children with HIV infection. PMID:23510319

HeREF-2003: Helium Refrigeration Techniques

CERN Multimedia

2003-01-01

CERN Technical Training 2003: Learning for the LHC ! Theory, Technology, Maintenance and Control of Helium Refrigerators HeREF-2003 is a course in the framework of the 2002 Technical Training Programme, that will provide a complete introduction to Helium refrigeration, with a practical approach to theory, technology, maintenance and control of Helium refrigeration installations. Theoretical aspects and equations will be limited to a minimum. HeREF-2003 targets an audience of technicians and operators of Helium refrigeration plants at CERN, as well as physicists and engineers needing an overview of current Helium refrigeration techniques. HeREF-2003 will address, among other, issues related to component technology, installation maintenance, process control and Helium purity. A commented visit to a couple of CERN Helium refrigeration or liquefaction plants will also take place. Duration: 7 half days (4 mornings and 3 afternoons), 6-10 October, 2003 Cost per participant: 500.- CHF Language: Bilingual English...

HeREF-2003 : Helium Refrigeration Techniques

CERN Multimedia

2003-01-01

CERN Technical Training 2003: Learning for the LHC ! Theory, Technology, Maintenance and Control of Helium Refrigerators HeREF-2003 is a course in the framework of the 2002 Technical Training Programme, that will provide a complete introduction to Helium refrigeration, with a practical approach to theory, technology, maintenance and control of Helium refrigeration installations. Theoretical aspects and equations will be limited to a minimum. HeREF-2003 targets an audience of technicians and operators of Helium refrigeration plants at CERN, as well as physicists and engineers needing an overview of current Helium refrigeration techniques. HeREF-2003 will address, among other, issues related to component technology, installation maintenance, process control and Helium purity. A commented visit to a couple of CERN Helium refrigeration or liquefaction plants will also take place. • Duration: 7 half days (4 mornings and 3 afternoons), 6-10 October, 2003 • Cost per participant: 500.- CHF
...

Annual report SNET 2003; Rapport annuel SNET 2003

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2004-07-01

This annual report of the SNET (National Society of Electricity and thermic) presents the society activities and the financial report for the year 2003. The society position in the market, the environmental policy, the performance, the workers and financial data are detailed. (A.L.B.)

Propuesta para la enseñanza de Ciencias Naturales en Educación Primaria en un aula inclusiva

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Ileana María Greca

2017-01-01

Full Text Available Este trabajo presenta una propuesta didáctica en Ciencias Naturales, basada en la metodología de la indagación, para un aula inclusiva. La propu esta, diseñada con las adaptaciones correspondientes para atender cada caso especial, fue implementada en una clase de tercero de primaria con 26 niños, 5 de ellos con necesidades educativas especiales (NEE. Los resultados muestran la viabilidad y benefic ios para todos del uso de la indagación: todos los niños, incluyendo aquellos con NEE superaron los objetivos planteados, estableciéndose un alto grado de motivación y compromiso, aunque surgieron dificultades relacionadas con la dinámica del trabajo grupal.

Conservación de la naturaleza en propiedad privada: las Reservas Naturales de la Sociedad Civil en el Valle del Cauca

OpenAIRE

Melissa Quintero López; Fabio Alberto Arias Arbeláez

2016-01-01

Las Reservas Naturales de la Sociedad Civil en Colombia cumplen un papel importante en la conservación de ecosistemas. En este trabajo se investiga por qué los dueños de áreas privadas en el departamento del Valle del Cauca conservan la naturaleza en sus propiedades. Se consideran las explicaciones entre la teoría económica de la elección racional, la teoría económica sobre los comportamientos altruistas y recíprocos y la teoría de la psicología social sobre los valores de orientación cultura...

La vigencia de los patrones clásicos de cobertura de las catástrofes naturales en la era de Internet

OpenAIRE

Elvira García de Torres; Blanca Nicasio Varea

2012-01-01

En este artículo se presentan los resultados obtenidos tras realizar un análisis comparado del tratamiento periodístico de los desastres naturales en El País y El Mundo durante los años 2009 y 2010, así como indicadores de interés social en Internet. Los objetivos del trabajo, de carácter exploratorio, son descubrir si los valores-noticia clásicos modelan hoy la agenda informativa de los diarios, la agenda global y ciudadana y si el cuaderno de quejas en este campo de especialización tiene vi...

Inventario y evaluación semidetallada de los recursos naturales de la zona del río Pichis (Proyecto Pichis - Palcazu)

OpenAIRE

Oficina Nacional de Evaluación de Recursos Naturales

1981-01-01

Evalúa el potencial y grado de utilización de los recursos naturales de la cuenca del río Pichís, situada en el ámbito de la Selva Central del Perú, dentro del distrito de Puerto Bermúdez, provincia de Oxapampa del departamento de Pasco. Este estudio comprende los aspectos geológico-minero, de suelos y su capacidad de uso mayor, uso actual de la tierra, forestales y recursos hidroenergéticos. También incluye información, dentro de un contexto general, sobre aspectos geográficos, socio-económi...

Donor funding for family planning: levels and trends between 2003 and 2013.

Science.gov (United States)

Grollman, Christopher; Cavallaro, Francesca L; Duclos, Diane; Bakare, Victoria; Martínez Álvarez, Melisa; Borghi, Josephine

2018-05-01

The International Conference on Population and Development in 1994 set targets for donor funding to support family planning programmes, and recent initiatives such as FP2020 have renewed focus on the need for adequate funding to rights-based family planning. Disbursements supporting family planning disaggregated by donor, recipient country and year are not available for recent years. We estimate international donor funding for family planning in 2003-13, the period covering the introduction of reproductive health targets to the Millennium Development Goals and up to the beginning of FP2020, and compare funding to unmet need for family planning in recipient countries. We used the dataset of donor disbursements to support reproductive, maternal, newborn and child health developed by the Countdown to 2015 based on the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development Creditor Reporting System. We assessed levels and trends in disbursements supporting family planning in the period 2003-13 and compared this to unmet need for family planning. Between 2003 and 2013, disbursements supporting family planning rose from under $400 m prior to 2008 to $886 m in 2013. More than two thirds of disbursements came from the USA. There was substantial year-on-year variation in disbursement value to some recipient countries. Disbursements have become more concentrated among recipient countries with higher national levels of unmet need for family planning. Annual disbursements of donor funding supporting family planning are far short of projected and estimated levels necessary to address unmet need for family planning. The reimposition of the US Global Gag Rule will precipitate an even greater shortfall if other donors and recipient countries do not find substantial alternative sources of funding.

Metodología para evaluar el impacto de la maquinaria agrícola sobre los recursos naturales del medio ambiente

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Norge Díaz Rodríguez

2007-01-01

Full Text Available Se realizó una propuesta de metodología para evaluar el impacto que ejerce la maquinaria agrícola sobre algunos de los recursos naturales del medio ambiente. Durante su explotación la maquinaria agrícola, como unidad energética para el trabajo agrícola, produce un conjunto de impactos negativos sobre el medio en tres direcciones fundamentales: suelo, aire, y agua. A pesar de existir conciencia sobre este problema, no se disponen de herramientas apropiadas para hacer una evaluación certera de la magnitud de estos impactos, lo cual no es una simple tarea.

Projeções, projetos e projéteis: o nome de 'África' e a subjetivação imperial em \\"Lágrimas Do Sol\\" (2003)

OpenAIRE

Marcelo R. S. Ribeiro

2008-01-01

RIBEIRO, Marcelo Rodrigues Souza. Projeções, projetos e projéteis: o nome de 'África' e a subjetivação imperial em \\"Lágrimas do Sol\\" (2003)\\". In: HAMBURGER, Esther; SOUZA, Gustavo; MENDONÇA, Leandro; AMANCIO, Tunico. (Org.). Estudos de Cinema SOCINE. 1 ed. São Paulo: Annablume; Fapesp; Socine, 2008, v. , p. 199-207.

Las Biografías: un valioso recurso en las clases de Ciencias Naturales

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Rubinsten Hernandez Barbosa

2011-02-01

Full Text Available En el siguiente artículo se describe una experiencia de aula que resalta el valor didáctico que tiene el uso de las biografías de los hombres y mujeres que han aportado a la ciencia en los diferentes campos del conocimiento. En esta oportunidad, y teniendo como motivación el bicentenario del nacimiento de Charles Robert Darwin y los 150 años de la publicación de su obra cumbre, su vida y los planteamientos generales de su obra fueron objeto de estudio y reflexión por estudiantes del grado séptimo del Gimnasio Moderno de Bogotá, Colombia. Para cada una de las etapas que se desarrollaron se establecieron previamente las preguntas orientadoras, se acordaron las diferentes formas de trabajo y se determinaron las actividades, con el fin de mantener el interés por parte de los estudiantes y alcanzar los objetivos propuestos. Los resultados obtenidos en esta experiencia de aula permiten resaltar la importancia de las biografías como eje articulador de una propuesta de trabajo escolar y una forma distinta de abordar los contenidos de las ciencias naturales.

Wind Energy Department annual progress report 2003

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

2004-01-01

This report covers the scientific work of the Wind Energy Department in 2003. It comprises departmental programmes as well as brief summaries of all non-confidential projects and a review of the key issues of 2003.......This report covers the scientific work of the Wind Energy Department in 2003. It comprises departmental programmes as well as brief summaries of all non-confidential projects and a review of the key issues of 2003....

Swiss electricity statistics 2003; Schweizerische Elektrizitaetsstatistik 2003/Statistique suisse de l'electricite 2003

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2004-07-01

This publication by the Swiss Federal Office of Energy (SFOE) for the Swiss Federal Office of Energy (SFOE) provides statistical information on electricity supply, production, trading and consumption in Switzerland in 2003. Apart from a general overview of the Swiss electricity supply that includes details on power generation, energy transfer with neighbouring countries and data on prices, average consumption and capital investment, the publication also includes graphical representations of electrical energy flows in and out of Switzerland. Tables of data give information on electricity production, import and export for the years 1950 to 2003, the data being supplied for each hydrological year and the summer and winter seasons respectively. The structure of power production in Switzerland is examined in detail and compared with that of foreign countries. Details are given on the development of production capacities and the various means of production together with their respective shares of total production. Further tables and diagrams provide information on power production in various geographical regions and on the management of pumped storage hydro-electricity schemes. A further chapter deals in detail with the consumption of electricity, its growth between 1984 and 2003 and its use in various sectors. A fifth chapter examines electricity consumption, generation, import and export on single, typical days, presenting data in tables and diagrams. The next chapter examines energy transfer with foreign countries and the trading structures involved. The next two chapters cover the future developments in energy exchange and trading with foreign countries and the possibilities of augmenting power generation capacities up to 2010. The final chapter looks at economic considerations involved in the supply of electricity. An annex provides detailed tables of data.

Off-Highway Gasoline Consuption Estimation Models Used in the Federal Highway Administration Attribution Process: 2008 Updates

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Hwang, Ho-Ling [ORNL; Davis, Stacy Cagle [ORNL

2009-12-01

This report is designed to document the analysis process and estimation models currently used by the Federal Highway Administration (FHWA) to estimate the off-highway gasoline consumption and public sector fuel consumption. An overview of the entire FHWA attribution process is provided along with specifics related to the latest update (2008) on the Off-Highway Gasoline Use Model and the Public Use of Gasoline Model. The Off-Highway Gasoline Use Model is made up of five individual modules, one for each of the off-highway categories: agricultural, industrial and commercial, construction, aviation, and marine. This 2008 update of the off-highway models was the second major update (the first model update was conducted during 2002-2003) after they were originally developed in mid-1990. The agricultural model methodology, specifically, underwent a significant revision because of changes in data availability since 2003. Some revision to the model was necessary due to removal of certain data elements used in the original estimation method. The revised agricultural model also made use of some newly available information, published by the data source agency in recent years. The other model methodologies were not drastically changed, though many data elements were updated to improve the accuracy of these models. Note that components in the Public Use of Gasoline Model were not updated in 2008. A major challenge in updating estimation methods applied by the public-use model is that they would have to rely on significant new data collection efforts. In addition, due to resource limitation, several components of the models (both off-highway and public-us models) that utilized regression modeling approaches were not recalibrated under the 2008 study. An investigation of the Environmental Protection Agency's NONROAD2005 model was also carried out under the 2008 model update. Results generated from the NONROAD2005 model were analyzed, examined, and compared, to the extent that

Do Decision 2003/54/EC and Decision no. 1229/2003/EC result in a European market for electricity?

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Wenting, F.

2004-01-01

In the summer of 2003 the European Parliament and the European Council issued a new Directive with respect to the internal market for electricity (Directive 2003/54/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 26 June 2003 concerning common rules for the internal market in electricity) and Guidelines for trans-European networks in the energy sector (Decision no. 1229/2003/EC). The question is whether these decisions will lead to a European and free market for electricity. It is concluded that this is not yet the case [nl

Prevención, diagnóstico y tratamiento de infecciones pediátricas en desastres naturales

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Flavia Morán

Full Text Available RESUMEN El objetivo de esta revisión es brindar pautas sobre el diagnóstico, tratamiento y prevención de las enfermedades infecciosas más frecuentes en niños, en situaciones de desastres naturales, como las inundaciones y huaicos ocurridos en el verano del 2017 en Perú. Está dirigido a los médicos y personal de salud del primer nivel de atención. Se discute el manejo de las enfermedades diarreicas, respiratorias, de piel y ojos, enfermedades asociadas a vectores como el dengue, chikungunya y zika, y zoonosis como la leptospirosis. Se enfatiza en los aspectos básicos de la educación sanitaria a la población, sobre todo en las medidas preventivas como el uso de agua segura, lactancia materna, inmunizaciones, lavado de manos y el control de vectores.

APROXIMACIÓN AL ESTUDIO DEL MODELO MENTAL SOBRE FOTOSÍNTESIS EN UN PROFESOR DE CIENCIAS NATURALES

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Disana Navarro

2015-12-01

Desde una metodología cualitativa, se busca explorar el modelo, aplicando técnicas e instrumentos para dar cuenta de: ¿Cuál es el modelo que está presente en el profesor de Ciencias Naturales, sobre el concepto fotosíntesis?. A manera de ejercicio ilustrativo, se muestra el modelo de un profesor, caracterizando dos aspectos: el constituyente ontológico y el epistemológico de su representación, mediante la aplicación del modelo ONEPSI (Gutiérrez 2001; López A., Arcuri G., 2014. Por último, se hace un análisis de las aproximaciones del modelo del profesor, con el modelo científico construido a partir de la revisión teórica, buscando identificar fortalezas y debilidades en la construcción del concepto y sus posibles implicaciones en los procesos de enseñanza y aprendizaje.

Saving Mothers' Lives: Reviewing maternal deaths to make motherhood safer: 2006-2008. The Eighth Report of the Confidential Enquiries into Maternal Deaths in the United Kingdom.

LENUS (Irish Health Repository)

Cantwell, Roch

2011-03-01

In the triennium 2006-2008, 261 women in the UK died directly or indirectly related to pregnancy. The overall maternal mortality rate was 11.39 per 100,000 maternities. Direct deaths decreased from 6.24 per 100,000 maternities in 2003-2005 to 4.67 per 100,000 maternities in 2006–2008 (p = 0.02). This decline is predominantly due to the reduction in deaths from thromboembolism and, to a lesser extent, haemorrhage. For the first time there has been a reduction in the inequalities gap, with a significant decrease in maternal mortality rates among those living in the most deprived areas and those in the lowest socio-economic group. Despite a decline in the overall UK maternal mortality rate, there has been an increase in deaths related to genital tract sepsis, particularly from community acquired Group A streptococcal disease. The mortality rate related to sepsis increased from 0.85 deaths per 100,000 maternities in 2003-2005 to 1.13 deaths in 2006-2008, and sepsis is now the most common cause of Direct maternal death. Cardiac disease is the most common cause of Indirect death; the Indirect maternal mortality rate has not changed significantly since 2003-2005. This Confidential Enquiry identified substandard care in 70% of Direct deaths and 55% of Indirect deaths. Many of the identified avoidable factors remain the same as those identified in previous Enquiries. Recommendations for improving care have been developed and are highlighted in this report. Implementing the Top ten recommendations should be prioritised in order to ensure the overall UK maternal mortality rate continues to decline.

Occurrence in Mexico, 1998–2008, of Vibrio cholerae CTX+ El Tor carrying an additional truncated CTX prophage

Science.gov (United States)

Alam, Munirul; Rashed, Shah Manzur; Mannan, Shahnewaj Bin; Islam, Tarequl; Lizarraga-Partida, Marcial Leonardo; Delgado, Gabriela; Morales-Espinosa, Rosario; Mendez, Jose Luis; Navarro, Armando; Watanabe, Haruo; Ohnishi, Makoto; Hasan, Nur A.; Huq, Anwar; Sack, R. Bradley; Colwell, Rita R.; Cravioto, Alejandro

2014-01-01

The seventh cholera pandemic caused by Vibrio cholerae O1 El Tor (ET) has been superseded in Asia and Africa by altered ET possessing the cholera toxin (CTX) gene of classical (CL) biotype. The CL biotype of V. cholerae was isolated, along with prototypic and altered ET, during the 1991 cholera epidemic in Mexico and subsequently remained endemic until 1997. Microbiological, molecular, and phylogenetic analyses of clinical and environmental V. cholerae isolated in Mexico between 1998 and 2008 revealed important genetic events favoring predominance of ET over CL and altered ET. V. cholerae altered ET was predominant after 1991 but not after 2000. V. cholerae strains isolated between 2001 and 2003 and a majority isolated in 2004 lacked CTX prophage (Φ) genes encoding CTX subunits A and B and repeat sequence transcriptional regulators of ET and CL biotypes: i.e., CTXΦ−. Most CTXΦ− V. cholerae isolated in Mexico between 2001 and 2003 also lacked toxin coregulated pili tcpA whereas some carried either tcpAET or a variant tcpA with noticeable sequence dissimilarity from tcpACL. The tcpA variants were not detected in 2005 after CTXΦ+ ET became dominant. All clinical and environmental V. cholerae O1 strains isolated during 2005–2008 in Mexico were CTXΦ+ ET, carrying an additional truncated CTXΦ instead of RS1 satellite phage. Despite V. cholerae CTXΦ− ET exhibiting heterogeneity in pulsed-field gel electrophoresis patterns, CTXΦ+ ET isolated during 2004–2008 displayed homogeneity and clonal relationship with V. cholerae ET N16961 and V. cholerae ET isolated in Peru. PMID:24958870

Presentation of RTE results 2003; Bilan electrique francais 2003

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2003-07-01

In 2003, RTE recorded a clear improvement in its financial results, and continued its debt reduction programme. The financial year 2003 was marked by a clear improvement in RTE's financial performance: results exceeded objectives, with turnover growing strongly, net income reached levels almost three times higher than those recorded in 2002, the economic rate of return rose to 7.1%, and debt was reduced by 470 Meuros. These results are explained by the substantial improvement in productivity, which has risen by 5% per year on average over the last three years. Net income has almost tripled due to RTE's improved productivity completed by a significant rise in its turnover and stabilizing operating costs RTE's finances therefore remain healthy, enabling the company to continue its debt reduction programme. Satisfactory economic and financial rates of return. Deadlines facing RTE in 2004: in application of the second European Directive, adopted on 26 June 2003, RTE faces two major deadlines in 2004: - the implementation of the 2. phase in the process of opening up the French electricity market, - its legal independence. On 1 July 2004, the market will be opened up to competition for all professional customers. At that date RTE, like all other electricity transmission system operators (TSOs) in the European Union, should be a legally independent body. The new central role of TSOs in Europe: how are electricity transmission system operators in other EU countries organised?.

Compilación y análisis de los desastres naturales reportados en el departamento de Antioquia, exceptuando los municipios del Valle de Aburrá-Colombia, entre 1920-1999 Compilación y análisis de los desastres naturales reportados en el departamento de Antioquia, exceptuando los municipios del Valle de Aburrá-Colombia, entre 1920-1999

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Camilo Polanco

2005-04-01

Full Text Available Este trabajo recopila y analiza la información disponible acerca de los desastres naturales reportados en el departamento de Antioquia, exceptuando los municipios del Valle de Aburrá, entre los años de 1920 y 1999, empleando el software DesInventar. Se reportaron 1.701 desastres naturales en los 115 municipios correspondientes al área de trabajo. El 45% corresponde a deslizamientos, el 17% a inundaciones, el 15% a avenidas torrenciales, el 7% a sismos; el 16% corresponde a ¿otros¿ desastres como vendavales, tempestades, marejadas, heladas, granizadas, sequías, licuación de suelos, incendios urbanos y forestales, volcanismo de lodo, socavación de orillas y caídas de rocas. Lo anterior produjo 1.233 muertes, y afectó a 99.100 individuos y a 1.418 familias. La mayor cantidad de pérdidas humanas la aportaron los deslizamientos con el 58%; las avenidas torrenciales con el 22%; las inundaciones con 17%; los ¿otros¿ con el 2% y el 1% restante debido a los sismos. Con respecto a las viviendas, se tuvo un total de 13.106 viviendas afectadas y 835 viviendas destruidas principalmente por los sismos (48%; las inundaciones (31% y los deslizamientos (12%. Con respecto a las viviendas destruidas la distribución fue de la siguiente manera: los sismos con el 37%, las inundaciones con el 36% y los deslizamientos con el 10% respectivamente, un 5% restante debido a las avenidas torrenciales. Con este trabajo se pudo constatar varios puntos importantes, dentro de los cuales se destacan que la tendencia de la frecuencia de los desastres naturales va en aumento así como los efectos tanto en las personas como en las viviendas y en la infraestructura; dos de las principales causas de los desastres naturales siguen siendo los fenómenos hidrometeorológicos como las lluvias y las actividades antrópicas como son los malos manejos de tierras, la deforestación, el sobrepastoreo, la expansión urbana sin planificación ni ordenación del territorio, etc

Airline Quality Rating 2003

OpenAIRE

Bowen, Brent D.; Headley, Dean E.

2003-01-01

The Airline Quality Rating (AQR) was developed and first announced in early 1991 as an objective method of comparing airline quality on combined multiple performance criteria. This current report, the Airline Quality Rating 2003, reflects monthly Airline Quality Rating scores for 2002. AQR scores for the calendar year 2002 are based on 15 elements that focus on airline performance areas important to air travel consumers. The Airline Quality Rating 2003 is a summary of month-by-month qualit...

Redes sociales y Áreas Naturales Protegidas en la Zona Metropolitana de Monterrey, Nuevo León

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Gabriela de la Mora-de la Mora

2015-01-01

Full Text Available A partir del análisis de las dinámicas de interacción entre actores sociales clave, vinculados a la gestión de las áreas naturales protegidas y a la protección de los servicios ambientales hidrológicos en la Zona Metropolitana de Monterrey ( zmm , Nuevo León, se analizan las acciones que se llevan a cabo para lograr los objetivos de conservación. Se utiliza el análisis de redes para comprender la estructura y densidad de las relaciones sociales establecidas y su influencia en la definición de la gobernanza ambiental actual en la región, lo que permite destacar la exis - tencia de alianzas estratégicas en materia de conservación y al mismo tiempo la falta de comunicación en otros sectores.

La deserción universitaria en primer año : Análisis de la situación de los ingresantes de la Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Museo de La Plata a través del estudio de caso Introducción a la Botánica

OpenAIRE

Cristina, Inés

2010-01-01

Objetivo general: Indagar los motivos que pueden generar la alta deserción de alumnos ingresantes en la Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Museo de la UNLP, tomando como caso de estudio la materia Introducción a la Botánica. Objetivos específicos  Identificar situaciones recurrentes que puedan orientar sobre las posibles causas de deserción de alumnos en el primer año de la carrera de Licenciatura en Biología de la Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Museo, tomando ...

Las catástrofes naturales y el desarrollo urbano : el aluvión de 1713 y su repercusión en Las Palmas

OpenAIRE

Quintana Andrés, Pedro C.

2001-01-01

Las Palmas fue una ciudad sacudida periódicamente por una serie de catástrofes naturales quc generaron gran incertidumbre, elevados gastos económicos e, incluso, muertes en el seno de una sustancial parte de su población. La mayoría de estos episodios estuvieron relacionados con las reiteradas avenidas del barranco Guiniguada, cuyo cauce dividía a la urbe en dos partes, siendo la registrada en 1713 una de las principales por la dimensión del desastre y la demostración de la proverbial incapac...

Aplicación y Comparación de Metodologías Activas en la Enseñanza de un Tema de Ciencias Naturales

OpenAIRE

Restrepo Solarte, Nefiz

2014-01-01

Este trabajo pretende mejorar la calidad de aprendizaje, a través del estudio de un tema específico de las Ciencias Naturales: “los Ecosistemas”; empleando para ello, metodologías de enseñanza-aprendizaje activas. Para su desarrollo, esta investigación se realizó en la Sede Principal de la Institución Educativa General Santander, ubicada en el Corregimiento de Villa-Colombia, Municipio de Jamundí, con dos grupos de estudiantes de grado séptimo; en un grupo se trabajó con un enfoque cooperativ...

24 CFR 5.2003 - Definitions.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-04-01

... similarly situated to a spouse of the victim under the domestic or family violence laws of the jurisdiction... person's acts under the domestic or family violence laws of the jurisdiction. Immediate family member... 24 Housing and Urban Development 1 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false Definitions. 5.2003 Section 5.2003...

2003 Guidelines for Advancement and Promotion

CERN Multimedia

2003-01-01

1. General The Director-General has now fixed the guidelines and schedule for the 2003 annual advancement review in the framework of the Merit Advancement and Promotion Scheme (MAPS). The full details have been presented to the Management Board and the Standing Concertation Committee. Procedures are set out in Administrative Circular 26 (Rev. 3) except that the completion date for annual interviews is extended to 15 March 2003. As in previous years, decisions will be made, where possible, by 1 July 2003 except for career path changes for staff in Career Paths A to D which will be made by 31 October 2003 and applied retroactively to 1 July 2003. 2. Budget guidelines The budget allocation for the annual advancement and promotions (periodic and additional steps, entry into and advancement within exceptional zones) in 2002/3 is 1.6% of the basic salary budget, corresponding to the average global level over the last 5 years of all advancement and awards. Within this budget, the guideline allocations have been def...

La zonificación y evaluación de los riesgos naturales de tipo geomorfológico: un instrumento para la planificación urbana en la ciudad de Concepción

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María Mardones

2001-09-01

Full Text Available La ciudad de Concepción, localizada en el Centro Sur de Chile, es un centro urbano que en el curso de su historia ha sido afectado recurrentemente por riesgos naturales. En este artículo, se zonifican y evalúan las áreas expuestas a riesgos: sísmico, de anegamiento, de inundación fluvial y de procesos de remoción en masa. Para tal finalidad se adaptó la metodología de agregación cartográfica de los factores de riesgo: peligrosidad, vulnerabilidad y exposición, propuesta por la O.N.U. Como resultado se obtuvo una carta de riesgos naturales y se sugiere su aplicación en la preparación de planes y programas de prevención y corrección de riesgos naturales y en la organización de programas de gestión de las emergenciasConcepción city, situated at the central south of Chile, is an urban center that in the course of his history has been affected frequently by naturals risks. In this article, we have separated and evaluated the areas exposed at risks: seismic; of overflowing; of fluvial inundation and removal in mass. For that objective we have adapted the methodology of aggregation of charts of risks factors: danger, vulnerability and exposition, proposed by the NU. As a result we obtained a natural risks letter and we suggest it is application in the preparation of plans and programs prevention and natural risks correction and also in the programs organization of emergencies administration

2003 annual report

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

2004-01-01

This document is the 2003 annual report of the French general direction of energy and raw materials (DGEMP) of the Ministry of economy, finances and industry. It presents the main highlights of the year 2003: national facts: energy situation of France, the summer 2003 heat wave and the climatic change, the prevention of power outages, the electricity prices and the opening of markets, the new natural gas transportation tariffs, the specificity of power generation and distribution and the economy of hydrocarbons in overseas territories, the petroleum market, the impact of the Iraq crisis, the closing down of coal mines, the safety and environmental improvements of La Hague and Marcoule nuclear facilities, the start-up of ANDRA's Aube plant for the storage of low level radioactive wastes; international facts: the revival of French-Russian exchanges, China: the new actor of the international scene, Alcan's takeover bid of Pechiney and the birth of the first aluminium world group, the revival of the 2003 Euro-Mediterranean energy partnership, the French-Algerian energy relationship, IEA's ministerial conference of April 28-29, the international action in the domain of nuclear safety and security, the world nuclear revival; energy policy trends: from the debate to the energy trend law for a sustainable energy policy, the development of renewable energies: which power generation, the stakes of the energy policy on the climatic changes, hydrogen as tomorrow's energy vector, the reference costs of power generation, a simpler and more efficient energy statistics tool, DGEMP's energy observatory prospects and scenarios for 2030 and 2050, the voluntaristic dams safety policy, the new technological challenges of the petroleum industry, the new Manosque-Berre pond pipeline for the supply of strategic stockpiles, the French office of geological and mining researches (BRGM) and its activities towards the public, tomorrow's uranium industry, ITER and the nuclear fusion stake. (J.S.)

Las redes sociales en la gestión de los recursos naturales : ¿qué hay que aprender de una perspectiva estructural?

OpenAIRE

Bodin, Örjan; Crona, Beatrice; Ernstson, Henrik

2017-01-01

Las redes sociales entre actores y grupos de interés están recibiendo cada vez más atención en los estudios sobre la gestión de los recursos naturales, especialmente en los que se refieren a la gestión adaptativa basada en diferentes formas de participación y cogestión. Las redes sociales se han concebido principalmente como recursos que habilitan la colaboración y la coordinación entre diferentes actores. Aquí, continuamos la discusión iniciada por Newman y Dale (2005), que destacaron el hec...

IMPLIKASI PUTUSAN MAHKAMAH KONSTITUSI NOMOR 11-017/PUU-I/2003 TERHADAP PERLINDUNGAN HUKUM HAK DIPILIH

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

I Ketut Ngastawa

2015-12-01

Full Text Available Paper that had the title: "Juridical implications of the Constitutional Court Decision Number 011-017/PUU-I/2003 on the Legal Protection for the Rights to be Eelected." This explores two issues: 1 how the legal protection of the settings selected in the state system of Indonesia ; 2 what are juridical implications of the Constitutional Court Decision Number 011-017/PUU-I/2003 on the legal protection for the rights to be elected. To solve both problems, this paper uses normative legal research methods. Approach being used is the statute approach, case approach, and a conceptual approach. Further legal materials collected were identified and analyzed using descriptive analysis techniques. Legal protection for the right to be elected in the state system of Indonesia can be traced from the 1945 opening, the articles in the body of the 1945 Constitution, Article 27 paragraph (1, Article 28D (1 and paragraph (3 and Article 28 paragraph (3 1945 Second Amendment, MPR Decree Number XVII/MPR/1998, Article 43 of Law Number 39 of 1999, Article 21 of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, and Article 25 of the International Covenant  on Civil and Political Rights. Discussion of the juridical implications of the Constitutional Court Decision Number 011-017/PUU-I/2003 on the legal protection for the rights to be elected have been included: a only on the juridical implications of representative institutions no longer marked with specified requirements as stipulated in Article 60 letter g of Law Number 12 Year 2003 in Law Number 10 Year 2008; b juridical implications of the political field for the right to be elected is the absence of any discriminatory treatment in legislative product formed by the House of Representatives and the President as well as products of other legislation forward.

Decadal-scale changes of pesticides in ground water of the United States, 1993-2003

Science.gov (United States)

Bexfield, L.M.

2008-01-01

Pesticide data for ground water sampled across the United States between 1993-1995 and 2001-2003 by the U.S. Geological Survey National Water-Quality Assessment Program were evaluated for trends in detection frequency and concentration. The data analysis evaluated samples collected from a total of 362 wells located in 12 local well networks characterizing shallow ground water in agricultural areas and six local well networks characterizing the drinking water resource in areas of variable land use. Each well network was sampled once during 1993-1995 and once during 2001-2003. The networks provide an overview of conditions across a wide range of hydrogeologic settings and in major agricultural areas that vary in dominant crop type and pesticide use. Of about 80 pesticide compounds analyzed, only six compounds were detected in ground water from at least 10 wells during both sampling events. These compounds were the triazine herbicides atrazine, simazine, and prometon; the acetanilide herbicide metolachlor; the urea herbicide tebuthiuron; and an atrazine degradate, deethylatrazine (DEA). Observed concentrations of these compounds generally were spikes. In wells yielding detectable concentrations of atrazine, DEA, and prometon, concentrations were significantly lower (?? = 0.1) in 2001-2003 than in 1993-1995, whereas detection frequency of these compounds did not change significantly. Trends in atrazine concentrations at shallow wells in agricultural areas were found to be consistent overall with recent atrazine use data. Copyright ?? 2008 by the American Society of Agronomy, Crop Science Society of America, and Soil Science Society of America. All rights reserved.

Annual report 2003; Rapport annuel 2003

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2003-07-01

Delivering products and services to nuclear power plants operators, AREVA operates in every sector of the civilian nuclear power and fuel cycle industry. This annual report 2003 provides, in seven chapters, information on persons responsible for the annual report and for auditing the financial statements, general information on the company and share capital (statute, capital, share trading, dividends), information on company operations, changes and future prospects, assets, financial position and financial performance, corporate governance, recent developments and future prospects. (A.L.B.)

Risø årsrapport 2003

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

2004-01-01

Risøs årsrapport 2003 er en opfølgning på planerne for Risøs virksomhed i 2003. Risøs bestyrelse skal som led i resultatkontrakten med Ministeriet for Videnskab, Teknologi og Udvikling aflægge årlige rapporter om opfyldelsen af de fastlagte resultatkrav.Nærværende rapport indeholder data til brug...

La vigencia de los patrones clásicos de cobertura de las catástrofes naturales en la era de Internet

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Elvira García de Torres

2012-10-01

Full Text Available En este artículo se presentan los resultados obtenidos tras realizar un análisis comparado del tratamiento periodístico de los desastres naturales en El País y El Mundo durante los años 2009 y 2010, así como indicadores de interés social en Internet. Los objetivos del trabajo, de carácter exploratorio, son descubrir si los valores-noticia clásicos modelan hoy la agenda informativa de los diarios, la agenda global y ciudadana y si el cuaderno de quejas en este campo de especialización tiene vigencia en la era de Internet.

Estimativa de consumo de sodio pela populacao brasileira, 2008-2009

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Flavio Sarno

2013-06-01

Full Text Available OBJETIVO: Atualizar estimativas sobre consumo de sódio no Brasil. MÉTODOS: Foram utilizados dados da Pesquisa de Orçamentos Familiares 2008-2009. Realizou-se a conversão em nutrientes dos registros de aquisição de alimentos dos domicílios brasileiros por meio de tabelas de composição de alimentos. Foram calculadas a disponibilidade média de sódio/pessoa/dia e a disponibilidade média ajustada para um consumo energético diário de 2.000 kcal. Calculou-se a contribuição de grupos de alimentos selecionados para o total de sódio disponível para consumo no domicílio e comparou-se com aqueles da Pesquisa de Orçamentos Familiares 2002-2003. RESULTADOS: A quantidade diária de sódio disponível para consumo nos domicílios brasileiros foi de 4,7 g para ingestão diária de 2.000 kcal, mantendo-se mais de duas vezes superior ao limite recomendado de ingestão desse nutriente. A maior parte do sódio disponível para consumo provém do sal de cozinha e de condimentos à base de sal (74,4%, mas a fração proveniente de alimentos processados com adição de sal aumentou linear e intensamente com o poder aquisitivo domiciliar (12,3% do total de sódio no quinto inferior da distribuição da renda por pessoa e 27,0% no quinto superior. Observou-se redução na contribuição de sal e condimentos à base de sal (76,2% para 74,4% e dos alimentos in natura ou processados sem adição de sal (6,6% para 4,8% e aumento dos alimentos processados com adição de sal (15,8% para 18,9% e dos pratos prontos (1,4% para 1,6% na comparação com a Pesquisa de Orçamentos Familiares 2002-2003. CONCLUSÕES: O consumo de sódio no Brasil mantém-se em níveis acima da recomendação máxima para esse nutriente em todas as macrorregiões e classes de renda brasileiras. Observou-se estabilidade na disponibilidade domiciliar total de sódio e aumento na fração proveniente dos alimentos processados com adição de sal e dos pratos prontos, na comparação de

Los riesgos naturales y su percepción en el municipio de Mazarrón (Murcia

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Daniel Moreno Muñoz

2013-01-01

Full Text Available Se estudian los riesgos naturales que afectan al municipio de Mazarrón (inundaciones, sequías, sismicidad, olas de frío, olas de calor, tormentas y deslizamientos, y se analiza, mediante 150 encuestas (a diferentes grupos con distinto nivel de formación, la percepción del riesgo que tiene la población, cuáles son los riesgos que conocen, cómo creen que pueden afectar al territorio, si se sienten seguros, y que recuerdos tienen los ciudadanos que vivieron el desastre de la rambla de Las Moreras en 1989. Destacan las inundaciones como uno de los riesgos más importantes y la distinta percepción que de los riesgos tienen los ciudadanos, por su nivel de formación y ocupación. Desde la administración pública se debe velar por una correcta gestión del territorio.

CONSERVANDO LA MARIPOSA MONARCA (Danaus plexippus L., CONSERVANDO ENEMIGOS NATURALES DE PLAGAS

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Hipólito Cortez-Madrigal

2014-01-01

Full Text Available El potencial de la mariposa monarca ( Danaus plexippus L. como hospedera alterna de enemi - gos naturales de plagas, se investigó (marzo de 2012 a marzo de 2013 en una plantación de As - clepias curassavica L. en la Ciénega de Chapala, Villamar, Michoacán. Para ello, se colectaron muestras de huevos del fitófago y se incubaron en cajas Petri para el registro de parasitismo . Los resultados indican que D. plexippus estuvo presente durante todo el año en la región de estudio, con los niveles máximos de oviposturas durante agosto-diciembre. Trichogramma pretiosum Riley fue el pa - rasitoide predominante, con niveles de parasitismo hasta de 100 %; su mayor actividad coincidió con los niveles máximos de oviposturas del fitófago . La emergencia múltiple de parasitoides en cada huevo de la mariposa contribuye al incremento de las poblaciones de T. pretiosum en campo . Basados en ello, D. plexippus puede considerarse un excelente hospedero alterno de T. pretiosum, enemigo natural de lepidópteros plaga. Adicionalmente, la estrategia propuesta busca contribuir con la conservación e in - cremento de las poblaciones de la monarca, tanto mediante la conservación de su hospedera A. curassavica como por la eventual reducción en el uso de insecticidas para eliminar plagas.

Suicide in children over two decades: 1993-2008.

Science.gov (United States)

Malone, K M; Quinlivani, L; McGuinness, S; McNicholas, F; Kelleher, C

2012-01-01

Suicide rates have increased in Ireland's youth over the past two decades. However, no research report has focussed on suicide rates in those aged under 18--the children of Ireland. We retrieved national disaggregated age and sex-specific suicide mortality data from 1993-1998 and compared it with similar suicide mortality data from 2003-2008. Significant age (older vs younger) and sex effects (boys greater risk than girls) are apparent in both decades Suicide rates in both males and females have increased (males: 9.3-13.5/100,000), (females: 2.4-5.1/100,000. Suicide rates in under 15 year olds boys and girls is extremely rare for both time periods studied (1.6/100,000). Results are discussed in light of the rights of children and the obligation of the nation in this regard, as well as more child-specific and transition to adulthood-specific suicide prevention policy implications.

Extraction and Analysis of Impervious Surfaces Based on a Spectral Un-Mixing Method Using Pearl River Delta of China Landsat TM/ETM+ Imagery from 1998 to 2008

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Renrong Chen

2012-02-01

Full Text Available Impervious surface area (ISA is considered as an indicator of environment change and is regarded as an important input parameter for hydrological cycle simulation, water management and area pollution assessment. The Pearl River Delta (PRD, the 3rd most important economic district of China, is chosen in this paper to extract the ISA information based on Landsat images of 1998, 2003 and 2008 by using a linear spectral un-mixing method and to monitor impervious surface change by analyzing the multi-temporal Landsat-derived fractional impervious surface. Results of this study were as follows: (1 the area of ISA in the PRD increased 79.09% from 1998 to 2003 and 26.88% from 2003 to 2008 separately; (2 the spatial distribution of ISA was described according to the 1998/2003 percentage respectively. Most of middle and high percentage ISA was located in northwestern and southeastern of the whole delta, and middle percentage ISA was mainly located in the city interior, high percentage ISA was mainly located in the suburban around the city accordingly; (3 the expanding direction and trend of high percentage ISA was discussed in order to understand the change of urban in this delta; High percentage ISA moved from inner city to edge of urban area during 1998–2003 and moved to the suburban area that far from the urban area mixed with jumpily and gradually during 2003–2008. According to the discussion of high percentage ISA spatial expanded direction, it could be found out that high percentage ISA moved outward from the centre line of Pearl River of the whole delta while a high ISA percentage in both shores of the Pearl River Estuary moved toward the Pearl River; (4 combining the change of ISA with social conditions, the driving relationship was analyzed in detail. It was evident that ISA percentage change had a deep relationship with the economic development of this region in the past ten years. Contemporaneous major sport events (16th Asia Games of

Air quality in the Netherlands in 2008; Jaaroverzicht Luchtkwaliteit 2008

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Beijk, R; Mooibroek, D; Hoogerbrugge, R

2009-07-01

Results from the Dutch National Air Quality Monitoring Network (LML) show that in 2008 some exceedances of a few European air quality limit values were measured in the Netherlands. However,similar to 2007, the exceedances were less high and frequent than some years before due to more favorable weather conditions. incidently, high concentrations did occur this year. Especially during both the 2007th and 2008th New Year's Eve, when a very high level of PM10 occurred inside, and even outside, many urban areas due to a combination of fireworks, mist and low windspeeds. Ozone concentrations above the alert threshold (smog alert) were not observed in 2008. Exceedance of limit values for nitrogen dioxide occurred especially at traffic dominated monitoring sites. Nitrogen dioxide concentrations at rural background locations remained fairly stable during the last few years and are lower than the limit value. The maximum number of days with PM10-concentrations above the limit value is not exceeded at any of the monitoring sites in 2008. On average, the 2008 year average concentrations PM10 declined with approximately 2 {mu}g/m{sup 3} compared to 2007. [Dutch] In Nederland zijn in 2008 enkele overschrijdingen van de Europese normen voor de luchtkwaliteit gemeten. Net als in 2007 jaar waren mede door gunstigere weersomstandigheden de overschrijdingen in 2008 minder hoog en frequent dan in voorgaande jaren. Incidenteel deden zich wel hoge concentraties voor. Vooral tijdens de jaarwisseling van 2008/2009 was de concentratie fijn stof in een groot deel van Nederland (wederom) zeer hoog door de combinatie van mist, weinig wind en vuurwerk. Dit blijkt uit meetresultaten van het Landelijk Meentnet Luchtkwaliteit (LML) van het RIVM. Het jaaroverzicht geeft een overzicht van de gemeten en deels berekende luchtkwaliteit. In 2008 waren er geen dagen met ernstige smog door ozon (concentraties boven de Europese alarmdrempel). De jaargemiddelde concentraties van stikstofdioxide (NO2) zijn

Alkoholitööstus : [2003 Eestis] / Katrin Karolin

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

Karolin, Katrin

2004-01-01

Ilmunud ka: Agriculture and rural development : overview 2003/2004. - Tallinn, 2004, lk. 104-118. Kangete alkohoolsete jookide tootmine suurenes 2003. a. Statistikaameti andmeil 16,4%, õlut toodeti 2003. a. 1% rohkem kui 2002. a. Tabelid. Diagrammid

Efecto de diferentes usos de la tierra en la composición y la abundancia de la macrofauna edáfica, en la provincia de Matanzas

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Y García

Full Text Available Se evaluó el efecto de cuatro sistemas de uso de la tierra en la riqueza y la abundancia de la macrofauna edáfica, durante el periodo lluvioso (junio-octubre del año 2011, en los municipios de Colón, Calimete y Perico (provincia de Matanzas, Cuba. El muestreo de la macrofauna se realizó según la Metodología del Programa de Investigación Internacional Biología y Fertilidad del Suelo Tropical (TSBF. Los sistemas evaluados fueron: cultivos varios (suelos con 10 años -o más- de explotación intensiva, fincas agropecuarias (suelos con más de cinco años de explotación, con laboreo mínimo y con fertilización orgánica e inorgánica, silvopastoril (suelos con más de 10 años de explotación y con una carga global de ganado vacuno entre 1,7 y 1,8 UGM/ha y pastizal (suelos con más de 10 años de explotación y con una carga global de ganado vacuno entre 1,3 y 1,5 UGM/ha. Los mayores valores de densidad y biomasa se obtuvieron en los sistemas menos perturbados, siguiendo el gradiente: silvopastoril-pastizal-fincas agropecuarias-cultivos varios. La densidad solo fue sensible en los sistemas donde hubo un contraste en cuanto a la diversidad y los estratos de vegetación. La biomasa reflejó los cambios en los diferentes usos y en el manejo de los suelos. Se demostró que los distintos usos de la tierra, así como el grado de perturbación e intensidad del manejo, influyeron en la composición y la abundancia de la macrofauna edáfica.

Impact of the New Cooperative Medical Scheme on the trend of catastrophic health expenditure in Chinese rural households: results from nationally representative surveys from 2003 to 2013.

Science.gov (United States)

Xie, Biao; Huo, Minghe; Wang, Zhiqiang; Chen, Yongjie; Fu, Rong; Liu, Meina; Meng, Qun

2018-02-08

To evaluate the trend of catastrophic health expenses (CHE) for inpatient care in relation to the commencement of the New Cooperative Medical Scheme (NCMS) in rural China from 2003 to 2013, and the roles of NCMS in protecting affected households from CHE. We assessed the 10-year trend of the incidence and severity of CHE in rural households with hospitalised members using data from the Chinese National Health Services Survey. Generalised estimating equations were used to estimate the OR and 95% CI of the association between incidence rates of CHE ([Formula: see text]) and NCMS reimbursement. The incidence and severity of CHE after NCMS reimbursement both decreased and their changes increased rapidly from 2003 to 2013. After adjustment of the covariates, [Formula: see text] before reimbursement was significantly higher than that after reimbursement, and the OR (95% CI) was 1.50 (1.24 to 1.81), 1.79 (1.69 to 1.90) and 2.94 (2.77 to 3.11) in 2003, 2008 and 2013, respectively. The incidence and severity of CHE both reduced after NCMS reimbursements in each year. Excluding some confounding factors, [Formula: see text] was significantly associated with NCMS reimbursement. NCMS partly protected the rural households with hospitalised members from CHE. However, the inequalities between different income groups still existed. [Formula: see text] in rural households with hospitalised members was still rather high in 2003, 2008 and 2013 even though they were covered by NCMS. This study will provide suggestions for further reforms in China and guidance for other low-income/middle-income countries. © Article author(s) (or their employer(s) unless otherwise stated in the text of the article) 2018. All rights reserved. No commercial use is permitted unless otherwise expressly granted.

Enfoque metodológico para la construcción de una Geobase como apoyo a la investigación en agricultura y recursos naturales

OpenAIRE

Hilda Irene Camacho Vázquez; Yolanda Margarita Fernández Ordóñez; Jesús Soria Ruiz; Miguel J. Escalona Maurice

2015-01-01

La realización de operaciones con sistemas de información geográfica ( SIG ) y sistemas de análisis de imágenes de satélite, producen resultados que se insertan y manejan en bases de datos geoespaciales; estos repositorios se convierten en el centro de aplicaciones, en este caso, relacionadas con la investigación en agricultura y recursos naturales. Cada sistema cuenta con un modelo de datos propio y funciones específicas de manejo de sus bases de datos. Al no existir aún un modelo de...

2008 Spawning Cisco Investigations in the Canadian Waters of Lake Superior

Science.gov (United States)

Yule, Daniel; Addison, Peter A.; Evrard, Lori M.; Cullis, Ken I.; Cholwek, Gary A.

2009-01-01

The Great Lakes Science Center of the United States Geological Survey (USGS) is working cooperatively with the Ontario Ministry of Natural Resources (OMNR) on a threeyear study to develop standard procedures for acoustic and midwater trawl (AC-MT) assessments of spawning cisco Coregonus artedi that the OMNR can carry forward as a management activity. In year two (2008), we conducted an AC-MT survey of the northern shore from Nipigon Bay to Thunder Bay. Spawning-cisco (> 250 mm total length) densities were lowest near Nipigon Bay (cisco in Thunder Bay during the 2008 fishery at 4% for ages 1-5, 8.7% for ages 6-12, and 4.4% for ages ≥ 13. Lake Superior fishery managers recently recommended that annual exploitation of adult female lake cisco be kept below 10-15%. Recruitment of cisco since 2003 has been low and there is a strong probability the Thunder Bay stock will decline into the future. Using a simple population dynamics approach we estimated that if the current total allowable catch (TAC) quota is held constant, exploitation fractions could exceed 10% by 2010 and 15% by 2011. Our 2008 collections suggested the survey of Black Bay was likely conducted before all spawners had returned there to spawn. Our data also suggested that cisco collected in Black Bay and east of this site in mid-November may be from the same stock. During November 2009 we will attempt to get better definition of the area occupied by cisco around Black Bay and also determine when surveys should be conducted at this location.

No entendía nada de política: La salida política de un dirigente barrial a partir de la urbanización de una villa en La Matanza

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María Cecilia Ferraudi Curto

2010-07-01

Full Text Available A lo largo de esta última década, diferentes programas nacionales, provinciales y municipales se combinaron para la edificación de viviendas e infraestructura en Villa Torres, dando forma al “proceso de urbanización”. José, que “no entendía nada de polí-tica” cuando comenzó en 1999, se desempeña como funcionario responsable del Pro-grama de Urbanización de Villas y Asentamientos de La Matanza desde 2005. En este artículo me interesa analizar cómo José cuenta su salida política. Para ello, parto de una entrevista realizada por un grupo de cientistas sociales en 2007, en el marco de un diagnóstico del barrio en vistas de la elaboración de políticas de inclusión social. Durante la misma, José relata su salida política como una consecuencia no bus-cada de una serie de acciones felizmente encadenadas desde el reclamo de los “jóvenes del barrio” de una casa para su familia hasta el agradecimiento a Balestrini (entonces intendente, pasando por la urbanización de Villa Torres. El rastreo se orienta a com-prender algunos sentidos de la política desde la perspectiva de José, asumiendo sus pre-sentaciones como un elemento importante de su propia forma de hacer política.

Elementos diagnósticos en medicina interna 2003-2010 Diagnostics elements in internal medicine 2003-2010

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Jordi Delás

2012-09-01

Full Text Available Introducción. Desde el curso 2003-2004 impartimos en la Facultad de Medicina de la Universitat de Barcelona la asignatura optativa semipresencial 'Elementos diagnósticos en medicina interna', en la que se aborda el diagnóstico a través de análisis de laboratorio, pruebas funcionales, de imagen y electrocardiografía. Materiales y métodos. Tras las sesiones presenciales, el material docente se deposita en la página web o campus virtual de la asignatura, a partir del cual los estudiantes responden a seis cuestionarios. Resultados. En el curso 2008-2009 se matricularon 61 alumnos de cuarto a sexto curso. Veintisiete alumnos (44,26% respondieron correctamente a más de la mitad de las preguntas, el 31,15% no alcanzó esta cifra y el 24,59% no completó el programa de evaluaciones. Las puntuaciones más altas se han dado de las pruebas funcionales respiratorias, y las más bajas, en la evaluación de la radiografía de tórax. Conclusiones. No es fácil la evaluación de competencias clínicas. El coste de realización de las pruebas y la resistencia de los estudiantes a ser evaluados quedan soslayados en esta experiencia, donde los estudiantes se matriculan voluntariamente. La sencillez del proyecto permitiría evaluar en competencias clínicas a todos los estudiantes de la facultad en los cursos clínicos cuando aún es posible la formación. Una vez comprobado que los estudiantes tienen una buena aceptación del sistema propuesto, se podría diseñar un sistema de acceso a créditos docentes y un plan de formación específica en las materias no superadas.Introduction. From the course 2003-2004, we give in the Faculty of Medicine of the University of Barcelona a matter called Diagnostics Elements in Internal Medicine, for the diagnostic through analysis of laboratory, functional proofs, of image and electrocardiogram. Materials and methods. All the educational material is deposited in the page web of the topic and through it the students

Impact of the Economic Downturn on Elective Lumbar Spine Surgery in the United States: A National Trend Analysis, 2003 to 2013.

Science.gov (United States)

Bernstein, David N; Brodell, David; Li, Yue; Rubery, Paul T; Mesfin, Addisu

2017-05-01

Retrospective database analysis. The impact of the 2008-2009 economic downtown on elective lumbar spine surgery is unknown. Our objective was to investigate the effect of the economic downturn on the overall trends of elective lumbar spine surgery in the United States. The Nationwide Inpatient Sample (NIS) was used in conjunction with US Census and macroeconomic data to determine historical trends. The economic downturn was defined as 2008 to 2009. Codes from the International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision, Clinical Modification (ICD-9-CM), were used in order to identify appropriate procedures. Confidence intervals were determined using subgroup analysis techniques. From 2003 to 2012, there was a 19.8% and 26.1% decrease in the number of lumbar discectomies and laminectomies, respectively. Over the same time period, there was a 56.4% increase in the number of lumbar spinal fusions. The trend of elective lumbar spine surgeries per 100 000 persons in the US population remained consistent from 2008 to 2009. The number of procedures decreased by 4.5% from 2010 to 2011, 7.6% from 2011 to 2012, and 3.1% from 2012 to 2013. The R 2 value between the number of surgeries and the S&P 500 Index was statistically significant ( P ≤ .05). The economic downturn did not affect elective lumbar fusions, which increased in total from 2003 to 2013. The relationship between the S&P 500 Index and surgical trends suggests that during recessions, individuals may utilize other means, such as insurance, to cover procedural costs and reduce out-of-pocket expenditures, accounting for no impact of the economic downturn on surgical trends. These findings can assist multiple stakeholders in better understanding the interconnectedness of macroeconomics, policy, and elective lumbar spine surgery trends.

2003 Scientific Technological Report; Informe Cientifico Tecnologico 2003

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Prado Cuba, A; Gayoso Caballero, C; Robles Nique, A; Olivera Lescano, P [eds.

2004-08-15

This annual scientific-technological report provides an overview of research and development activities at Peruvian Institute of Nuclear Energy (IPEN) during the period from 1 january to 31 december, 2003. This report includes 54 papers divided in 9 subject matters: physics and nuclear chemistry, nuclear engineering, materials science, radiochemistry, industrial applications, medical applications, environmental applications, protection and radiological safety, and management aspects.

LULI 2003 activity report; LULI Rapport scientifique 2003

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2003-07-01

This document gathers the main results obtained by scientists from the LULI (laboratory for the use of intense lasers) unit in 2003. It is made up of 59 short articles and is organized into 5 topics: 1) laser-matter interaction, 2) hydrodynamics, shocks, equations of state, 3) atom physics, X-ray lasers, 4) progress in optics for power lasers, and 5) instrumentation.

Informace. Pardubice 2003

Czech Academy of Sciences Publication Activity Database

Mitlöhner, Miroslav

2003-01-01

Roč. 7, č. 12 (2003), s. 21-22 ISSN 1211-6432 Institutional research plan: CEZ:AV0Z7068917 Keywords : sexual education * international congress * Czech republic Subject RIV: FL - Psychiatry, Sexuology

2003 statistics of the natural gas industry in France; Statistiques 2003 de l'industrie gaziere en France

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2004-12-15

This document synthesizes the main annual results for the French natural gas industry in 2003: 1 - introduction: consumption and supplies; 2 - methodology: production, transport, storage, distribution, definition of gases, information sources, reference documents, energy correspondences; 3 - Main data summarized in maps, graphics and tables: transport networks, storage, compression and production facilities; resources and employment; employment per sector of use; national production and imports; pipelines and distribution systems; personnel of the gas industry; sectoral distribution of gas supply networks; gas cogeneration: consumption, plants; monthly variation of imports and stocks; monthly variation of consumptions and stocks; regional supplies; regional and sectoral supplies; regional use of the national production; main 2003 status of the gas market; 2003 comparison between the inquiry and the provisional status; 2003 energy status. (J.S.)

Inequality in fertility rate and modern contraceptive use among Ghanaian women from 1988–2008

Science.gov (United States)

2013-01-01

Background In most resource poor countries, particularly sub-Saharan Africa, modern contraceptive use and prevalence is unusually low and fertility is very high resulting in rapid population growth and high maternal mortality and morbidity. Current evidence shows slow progress in expanding the use of contraceptives by women of low socioeconomic status and insufficient financial commitment to family planning programs. We examined gaps and trends in modern contraceptive use and fertility within different socio-demographic subgroups in Ghana between 1988 and 2008. Methods We constructed a database using the Women’s Questionnaire from the Ghana Demographic and Health Survey (GDHS) 1988, 1993, 1998, 2003 and 2008. We applied regression-based Total Attributable Fraction (TAF); we also calculated the Relative and Slope Indices of Inequality (RII and SII) to complement the TAF in our investigation. Results Equality in use of modern contraceptives increased from 1988 to 2008. In contrast, inequality in fertility rate increased from 1988 to 2008. It was also found that rural–urban residence gap in the use of modern contraceptive methods had almost disappeared in 2008, while education and income related inequalities remained. Conclusions One obvious observation is that the discrepancy between equality in use of contraceptives and equality in fertility must be addressed in a future revision of policies related to family planning. Otherwise this could be a major obstacle for attaining further progress in achieving the Millennium Development Goal (MDG) 5. More research into the causes of the unfortunate discrepancy is urgently needed. There still exist significant education and income related inequalities in both parameters that need appropriate action. PMID:23718745

A SUSTENTABILIDADE EM FUNÇÃO DO USO NÃO SUSTENTÁVEL DOS RECURSOS NATURAIS NO OESTE BAIANO E EAGLE FORD TEXANO

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Christian Brannstrom

2015-01-01

Full Text Available El artículo compara dos regiones con base en los discursos publicados em publicaciones bien diseminadas, complementada con investigación de campo. La región Oeste de Bahia, con agricultura intensive, compárase con el Eagle Ford Shale, región de producción no convencional de petroleo e gas natural. El trabajo focalízase en como las elites usan la sustentabilidad en la gobernanza ambiental para justificar el uso de los recursos naturales en la agricultura e los hidrocarbonos. Enfatizo como el espetáculo sirve para augmenter el “prestigio regional” (CHASE, 2003 e como los aspectos sociales de la sustentabilidad ajudan a consolidar las ambiciones de explotación de los recursos naturales. En los dos casos las elites regionals no reproducem verbatim los discursos nacionales, pero sí las elites investen en traduzir los discursos en formato regional o canalizar las preocupaciones regionales e los parametros regionales en nuevas soluciones discursivos para mantener la explotación de los recursos naturales.

Official holidays in 2003 and end-of-year closure 2003/2004

CERN Document Server

Division des ressources humaines
; Tel. 74128

2003-01-01

(Application of Articles R II 4.33 and R II 4.34 of the Staff Regulations) Official holidays in 2003 (in addition to the end-of-year holidays) : - Friday, 18th April (Good Friday) - Monday, 21st April (Easter Monday) - Thursday, 1st May - Thursday, 29th May (Ascension Day) - Monday, 9th June (Whit Monday) - Thursday, 11th September ("Jeûne genevois") Annual closure of the site of the Organization and day of special leave granted by the Director-General : The Laboratory will be closed from Saturday, 20th December 2003 to Sunday, 4th January 2004 inclusive (without deduction of annual leave). The first working day in the New Year will be Monday, 5th January 2004.

Consumption of grapefruit is associated with higher nutrient intakes and diet quality among adults, and more favorable anthropometrics in women, NHANES 2003–2008

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Mary M. Murphy

2014-05-01

Full Text Available Background: Dietary guidance recommends consumption of a nutrient-dense diet containing a variety of fruits. The purpose of this study was to estimate usual nutrient intakes and adequacy of nutrient intakes among adult grapefruit consumers and non-consumers, and to examine associations between grapefruit consumption and select health parameters. Methods: The analysis was conducted with data collected in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES 2003–2008. Respondents reporting consumption of any amount of grapefruit or 100% grapefruit juice at least once during the 2 days of dietary recall were classified as grapefruit consumers. Results: Among adults aged 19+ years with 2 days of dietary recall (n=12,789, 2.5% of males and 2.7% of females reported consumption of 100% grapefruit juice or fresh, canned, or frozen grapefruit during the recalls. Grapefruit consumers were less likely to have usual intakes of vitamin C (males: 0% vs. 47%; females: 0% vs. 43%; P<0.001 and magnesium (P<0.05 below the estimated average requirement (EAR compared to non-consumers, and they were more likely to meet adequate intake levels for dietary fiber (P<0.05. Potassium and β-carotene intakes were significantly higher among grapefruit consumers (P<0.001. Diet quality as assessed by the Healthy Eating Index-2005 (HEI-2005 was higher in grapefruit consumers (males: 66.2 [95% CI: 61.0–71.5] vs. 55.4 [95% CI: 54.4–56.4]; females: 71.4 [95% CI: 65.1–77.6] vs. 61.2 [95% CI: 59.8–62.6]. Among women, grapefruit consumption was associated with lower body weight, waist circumference, body mass index (BMI, triglycerides, C-reactive protein (CRP, and higher high-density lipoprotein (HDL cholesterol (P<0.05, However, risk of being overweight/obese was not associated with grapefruit consumption. Conclusion: Consumption of grapefruit was associated with higher intakes of vitamin C, magnesium, potassium, dietary fiber, and improved diet quality

Decisiones en reacciones adversas a medicamentos, intoxicaciones y respuestas inesperadas de productos naturales como problema de salud pública

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Pedro P. Álvarez-Falconí

2007-10-01

Full Text Available En esta revisión se evalúa la información relevante sobre diversas reacciones adversas severas atribuidas a medicamentos de relativa reciente introducción en el mercado mundial, intoxicaciones por medicamentos contaminados, así como respuestas inesperadas adversas de productos naturales, todo lo cual contribuyó a la toma y adopción de decisiones en el pasado y en el presente, por organismos reguladores en medicamentos en diversos países. Se exploran a grandes perfiles las acciones relacionadas con los pilares de las políticas de medicamentos, los sucesos históricos y actuales calificados como desastres o tragedias en salud pública en el uso de medicamentos en el siglo pasado y presente, a fin de ofrecer un panorama básico en este manejo. Se incluyeron efectos que afectaron la salud por el empleo de algunos productos naturales para prestar atención a su implicancia en la práctica médica. Se comentan y discuten las decisiones de los organismos reguladores internacionales, los enormes gastos en salud pública por reacciones adversas, las estrategias que han contribuido a evitar perjuicios en la sociedad por reacciones adversas de medicamentos innovadores y antiguos. Se contribuye en afianzar los conceptos de responsabilidad empresarial y gubernamental, estándares científicos, éticos y seguridad de los medicamentos, la importancia del control de calidad, bioética, buenas prácticas clínicas en la investigación científica en medicamentos, buenas prácticas de manufactura y evitar prácticas corruptas. Se reafirma que el éxito de la medicina moderna se debe en magnitud importante a los medicamentos y dentro de ellos a los innovadores. Las decisiones oportunas de los expertos se orientan a evitar tragedias, sufrimientos y gastos innecesarios por reacciones adversas a medicamentos y consecuentemente eludir problemas en salud pública.

Sapientia et Doctrina. Ciencias Naturales y poder académico en España durante la Edad de Plata

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López Sánchez, José María

2011-12-01

Full Text Available This article attempts to show the complexity of the academic sociology in natural sciences in Spain during the first third of the twentieth century. Around the two most important geographical poles of Spanish science in those years, Madrid and Barcelona, academic disputes acquired a special significance due to several reasons. Both academic spaces rivalled for the leadership in naturalistic works within Spain. However, the weight of political Catalanism gained more and more importance in Barcelona. Even more relevant was the struggle between naturalists, who believed that a harmonious development of science and faith within the natural sciences was possible, and practitioners of a modern and rationalist naturalism alien to any subordination to religious dogmas. We focus on a single case that enable us to reflect some aspects of this macro-historical complexity.Este trabajo quiere presentar la complejidad de la sociología académica de las ciencias naturales en España a lo largo del primer tercio del siglo XX. En torno a los dos polos geográficos más significativos de la ciencia española durante esos años, Madrid y Barcelona, las disputas académicas adquirieron una especial relevancia por varias razones. Ambos espacios académicos rivalizaban por la primacia en la dirección de los trabajos naturalistas dentro de España, aunque en Barcelona el peso del catalanismo político fue ganando cada vez más importancia. Tanta o más relevancia adquirió la competencia entre los naturalistas que creían posible un desarrollo armónico de ciencia y fe en el seno de las ciencias naturales y los practicantes de un naturalismo racionalista y moderno alejado de toda subordinación a dogmas religiosos. El caso concreto que aquí nos ocupa permite reflejar algunos aspectos de esta complejidad macrohistórica.

Eesti naised võimu juures 1992-2003 / Tiina Raitviir

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

Raitviir, Tiina

2003-01-01

Eesti naiste osatähtsus seadusandliku ja täidesaatva võimu juures on väike. Tabelid: Naiste kandideerimine ja valituks osutumine valimistel 1989-2003; Naiste ja meeste kandideerimise efektiivsus valimistel 1992-2003; Mandaatide jaotus ja omandamise viis parlamendivalimistel 1992-2003; Naised valitsuse liikmena 1990-2003

The industrial energy consumption in 2003

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Anon.

2004-01-01

The statistics present the industry's energy consumption and composition, and the development from 1973 to 2003. In this period the composition of the energy consumption has changed considerably: a decrease in the consumption of liquid fuels and an increase in the consumption of natural gas and electric power. The energy consumption in the Danish industry decreased with almost 9 % from 2001 to 2003. This relatively large decrease was mainly due to the closing down of a steel factory. In the wood industry the energy consumption decreased with 36 % from 2001 to 2003, while the energy consumption in the electronics industry increased. (ln)

Coreografía de una matanza: memoria y performance de la masacre de Accomarca en el carnaval ayacuchano en Lima, Perú

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Renzo Aroni

2015-01-01

Full Text Available El 14 de agosto de 1985, durante el largo conflicto armado interno entre la guerrilla maoísta de Sendero Luminoso - SL y el Estado peruano, una patrulla del Ejército entró en el pueblo andino de Accomarca, ubicado en la región de Ayacucho, y asesinó a 69 personas indígenas, incluyendo niños y ancianos, supuestos simpatizantes del grupo insurgente. La mayoría de los sobrevivientes y familiares de las víctimas se desplazaron a Lima y se integraron en una organización de víctimas y en la Asociación Hijos del Distrito de Accomarca - AHIDA. Desde el año 2011, con motivo de la extradición desde los Estados Unidos del mayor Telmo Hurtado, principal responsable de la masacre, la AHIDA ha recreado la dolorosa experiencia de la matanza a través de una performance anual del carnaval ayacuchano, incorporando coreografías y canciones testimoniales para exigir la justicia para las víctimas de la masacre. Esta performance carnavalesca integra a los niños y jóvenes que no vivieron la masacre, pero imaginan, interpretan y crean su propia memoria mediante la comunicación con los sobrevivientes y la participación en la producción cultural del evento. En este artículo expongo cómo los sobrevivientes y familiares de las víctimas recuerdan la masacre y transmiten sus memorias a sus hijos a través de una actuación carnavalesca. Describo la producción de una memoria intergeneracional a través de la transmisión intergeneracional, que se construye en el espacio doméstico (familia, el espacio comunal/institucional (AHIDA, y el espacio público (carnaval. Sin duda, la ocasión del carnaval es un espacio de gran alcance para la producción de otras formas de memoria, y para la demanda de la justicia a través de una coreografía participativa y performance musical.

Remoción de nutrientes mediante coagulantes naturales y químicos en planta de tratamiento de aguas residuales, Valledupar Colombia

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Damileth Dearmas Duarte

2015-12-01

Full Text Available Se evaluó desempeño y eficiencia de dos coagulantes químicos: sulfato de aluminio y policloruro de aluminio (PAC, y dos naturales: moringa (Moringa oleífera y cardón guajiro (Lemaireoreus griseus en la remoción de nutrientes y sedimentos del efluente de la planta de tratamiento de aguas residuales conformado por lagunas de estabilización El Salguero ubicada en el municipio de Valledupar, Cesar, Colombia. Los ensayos se llevaron a cabo con muestras de agua procedentes del río Cesar recogidas en el efluente del sistema de tratamiento. La turbidez varía desde 25 NTU hasta 67 NTU durante la época de desarrollo de la investigación. Se obtuvo que el sulfato de aluminio pese a no alcanzar la turbidez exigida por la normatividad colombiana (Decreto 3930/2010, Articulo N°72 Turbidez ≥ 5 NTU es un coagulante que remueve más del 80% de los parámetros de DQO, DBO y algas. El policloruro de aluminio es adecuado para disminuir significativamente la turbidez y los SST en un 92%, además presentó la mejor viabilidad económica de los tratamientos; y para la disminución de fosforo total resultaron efectivos los tratamientos con coagulantes naturales moringa y cardón, los cuales presentaron una remoción de 90.35%. Se concluye que los coagulantes evaluados presentan un potencial de remoción de los parámetros analizados, los resultados avalan a la Moringa oleífera como una posible alternativa natural en la potabilización de las aguas, ya que garantiza no sólo lograrcon éxito el proceso de coagulación, sino también, la ausencia de residuos

2003 annual results of EdF group

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

2004-03-01

The Electricite de France (EdF) group Board of Directors, meeting on March 11, 2004, under the Chairmanship of Francois Roussely, reviewed the audited consolidated financial statements for the year ended 12/31/2003. This document presents the consolidated results of EdF group for 2003: consolidated financial statements, highlights of the year, focus on 2003 events, commercial results, EDF in Europe and worldwide, EDF France highlights, key figures. (J.S.)

Energy policies of IEA countries 2003. 2003 review

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

2003-01-01

This volume contains an analysis of developments in energy policies in the Member countries of the International Energy Agency. It features an overview of major trends in the energy markets, notably the renewed interest in energy security on the part of policy-makers. The study describes how, during the period before and during the war in Iraq, the IEA successfully worked to secure oil supply. 2003 was also a year when growing gas demand and rising import dependency in most IEA Member countries obliged energy policy makers to look at the longer term issue of security of gas supply. In addition to these external developments, an internal dimension of energy security arose in the context of electricity and gas market reform. The book also describes the efforts by countries having ratified the Kyoto Protocol to implement the agreements and the trend of energy R and D policies, as well as developments in energy security and energy market reform in major non-OECD countries. It includes: summaries of the in-depth reviews of Austria, Hungary, Italy, Ireland, Japan and Switzerland conducted from October 2002 to June 2003. The full reviews are published separately

Maternal asthma, diabetes, and high blood pressure are associated with low birth weight and increased hospital birth and delivery charges; Hawai'i hospital discharge data 2003-2008.

Science.gov (United States)

Hayes, Donald K; Feigal, David W; Smith, Ruben A; Fuddy, Loretta J

2014-02-01

Asthma, diabetes, and high blood pressure are common maternal conditions that can impact birth outcomes. Data from hospital discharges in Hawai'i were analyzed for 107,034 singleton births from 2003-2008. Categories were determined using the International Statistical Classification of Diseases, ninth revision (ICD-9) from linked delivery records of mother and infant. Prevalence estimates of asthma (ICD-9: 493), diabetes (ICD-9: 250,648.0, 648.8), high blood pressure (ICD-9: 401-405,642) as coded on the delivery record, low birth weight (4500 grams), Cesarean delivery, and median hospital charges were calculated. Median regression analysis assessed total hospital charges adjusting for maternal age, maternal race, insurance, and Cesarean delivery. Maternal asthma was present in 4.3% (95% confidence interval=4.1-4.4%), maternal diabetes was present in 7.7% (95% CI=7.6-7.9%), and maternal high blood pressure was present in 9.2% (95% CI=9.0-9.3%) of births. In the adjusted median regression analysis, mothers with asthma had $999 (95% CI: $886 to $1,112) higher hospital charges compared to those without; mothers with diabetes had $743 (95% CI: $636 to $850) higher charges compared to those without; and mothers with high blood pressure had $2,314 (95% CI: $2,194 to $2,434) higher charges compared to those without. Asthma, diabetes, and high blood pressure are associated with higher hospital delivery charges and low birth weight. Diabetes and high blood pressure were also associated with Cesarean delivery. An increased awareness of the impact of these conditions on both adverse birth outcomes and the development of chronic disease is needed.

EDF group - annual report 2003

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

2004-01-01

This document contains the magazine, the financial statements and the sustainable development report of Electricite de France (EdF) group for 2003: 1 - the magazine (chairman's statement, group profile, vision and strategy); 2 - the consolidated financial statements for the period ended 31 December 2003 (statutory auditors' report on the consolidated financial statements, EDF's summary annual financial statements); 3 - sustainable development report (transparency and dialogue, responsibility, commitment, partnerships for progress). (J.S.)

2003. aasta kauneimad Eesti raamatud

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

2004-01-01

2.-28. veebr. 2004. a. oli Eesti Rahvusraamatukogus 2003. a. 25 kaunima Eesti raamatu ja 5 kaunima Eesti lasteraamatu konkursi võidutööde näitus. Konkursile esitati 106 raamatut 34 kirjastuselt, 15 lasteraamatut 8 kirjastuselt. Žürii koosseis, esimees Viive Noor. Elutööpreemia - Siima Škop. Diplomi ja auhinna pälvinute loetelu. Vt. Veaparandus, Sirp, 2004, 13. veebr., lk. 7 (2003. a. kaunimad lasteraamatud)

[Acute myeloid leukemia in adults: experience at the Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán from 2003 to 2008].

Science.gov (United States)

Buitrón-Santiago, Natalie; Arteaga-Ortiz, Luis; Rosas-López, Adriana; Aguayo, Alvaro; López-Karpovitch, Xavier; Crespo-Solís, Erick

2010-01-01

Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) comprises a group of diseases with different biologic characteristics; despite knowledge improvements, these are not reflected in long term survival. To describe characteristics of adults with AML in a hospital of Mexico City, their treatment response, complications and to evaluate survival related factors. Cohort study. Between January 2003 and July 2008, patients with AML diagnosis were included (except promyelocitic). Treatment protocols used: 3 + 7, high doses of cytarabine and autologous bone marrow transplant as consolidation therapy. 53 patients were included. Median age: 44 years (15-79). At diagnosis: tumor lysis syndrome in 4/ 53 (7.5%), 3/51 (5.9%) with altered liver function test and hyperleukocytosis in 8/53 (15.1%). 46 patients had available cytogenetic and this was successful in 28/46 (60.8%), 12/28 (42.8%) had adverse cytogenetic; 16/28 (57.1%) intermediate risk and none was favorable. There were 2 losses during follow up, 7 patients did not receive chemotherapy with curative intent and 1 died at diagnosis. 43 patients received 3 + 7, 13.9% died during aplasia, complete remission was achieved in 27/43 (62.7%) and 10/43 (23.2%) were refractory to treatment. A second induction attempt was required in 39.5% (17/43). Median disease free survival (DFS) was 491 days (366-615), with a median follow up of 993 days (105-1744). The median overall survival (OS) was 531 days (312-749). Aplasia related mortality decreased (p = 0.09) between the actual cohort (13.9%) and the historical cohort (37%). Long term survival in AML patients remains poor despite improvements in diagnosis, classification, and treatment. In our institution, it is required to improve induction protocols and cytogenetic analysis in order to adequately choose the group of patients that could be benefit from stem cell transplant.

Trends in incidence of anal cancer and high-grade anal intraepithelial neoplasia in Denmark, 1978-2008

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Nielsen, Ann; Plum, Christian Edinger Munk; Kjaer, Susanne K

2012-01-01

The aim of the study was to determine the incidences of anal cancer and high-grade anal intraepithelial neoplasia (AIN2/3) over time in Danish women and men. Describing the burden of anal cancer and AIN may be valuable in future evaluations of the human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine. We included all...... anal cancers in the Danish Cancer Register in the period 1978-2008 and all cases of AIN2/3 in the Danish Registry of Pathology. Overall and age-, period- and histology-specific incidence rates were estimated. During the 30-year period, 2187 anal cancers were identified, two thirds of which were...... in women. Between 1978-1982 and 2003-2008, the age-standardized incidence rate of anal cancer increased from 0.68 to 1.48 per 100 000 person-years in women and from 0.45 to 0.80 per 100 000 person-years in men. Although there is no systematic screening for AIN in Denmark, we nevertheless identified 608...

KURRI progress report 2003. April 2003-March 2004

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

2004-01-01

The Kyoto University Reactor (KUR) and the critical assembly KUCA were operated for 1,341 and 813 hours in the fiscal year 2003. The 5,246 man-day researchers visited the KURRI to make experimental studies. The scientific activities in the fiscal year of 2003 are summarized in this progress report. The total 157 research issues are categorized to the 10 topics as follows; (1) Slow Neutron Physics and Neutron Scattering includes 16 issues as general researches. (2) Nuclear Physics and Nuclear Data includes the 6 issues for the project research on advanced uses of RI beam produced by KUR-ISOL and the 4 issues as general researches. (3) Reactor Physics and Reactor Engineering includes the 4 issues as general researches. (4) Material Science and Radiation Effects includes the 22 issues for the project research on condensed matter with short-lived nuclei and on the initial damage processed in high energy particle irradiated materials and the 23 issues as general researches. (5) Geochemistry and Environmental Science includes the 18 issues as general researches. (6) Life Science and Medical Science includes the 5 issues for the project research on the effects of neutron, gamma-ray and UV irradiation on proteins and the 14 issues as general researches. (7) Neutron Capture Therapy includes the 18 issues as general researches. (8) Neutron Radiography and Radiation Application includes the 10 issues for the project research on the development of neutron optical devices and its application to new type neutron spectrometer and imaging and the 4 issues as general researches. (9) TRU and Nuclear Chemistry includes the 9 issues for the project research on nuclear physical and chemical characteristics of actinide and fission product nuclides and the 1 issue as general researches. (10) Health Physics and Waste Management includes the 3 issues as general researches. This progress report also includes organization, research divisions and laboratories, operation and development of

Swiss energy statistics 2008; Schweizerische Gesamtenergiestatistik 2008 / Statistique globale suisse de l'energie 2008

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2009-08-15

This comprehensive report made by the Swiss Federal Office of Energy (SFOE) presents the statistics on total energy production and usage in Switzerland for the year 2008. First of all, an overview of Switzerland's energy consumption in 2008 is presented. Details are noted of the proportions of consumption of oil-fuels for heating, oil products for mobility, electricity, gas and various other fuels. The development of consumption over the years 1910 to 2008 is illustrated graphically. A second chapter takes a look at energy flow from production (and import) to the consumer and export. An extensive collection of illustrative flow diagrams, tables and graphical representations of energy flows, statistics for various energy carriers and of the various uses of energy in Switzerland is presented.

EVALUACIÓN DE LOS PROYECTOS DE MECANISMO DE DESARROLLO LIMPIO PRESENTADOS A LA UNFCCC: LOS CRITERIOS DE SOSTENIBILIDAD ENTRE 2004 Y 2008

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

JAVIER SABOGAL AGUILAR

2010-01-01

Full Text Available El cambio climático es visto como uno de los problemas ambientales con mayores impactos sobre los sistemas humanos y naturales. La preocupación social sobre esta problemática es creciente como resultado del aumento de evidencia científi ca y fenómenos catastrófi cos, por lo que se ha buscado una respuesta antrópica (Sabogal, 2007. Los proyectos de Mecanismo de Desarrollo Limpio (MDL hacen parte de la propuesta de solución, generando una contribución a la mitigación de Gases Efecto Invernadero (GEI, sin embargo, contrario a la normatividad del Protocolo de Kioto, su impacto no es tan claro en términos de sostenibilidad. El presente artículo evalúa la presencia y el cumplimiento del objetivo de sostenibilidad en los proyectos de MDL presentados al Convención Marco de las Naciones Unidas sobre el Cambio Climático y el Protocolo de Kyoto (UNFCCC,para el periodo comprendido entre 2004 y 2008, identifi cando tendencias globales y planteando recomendaciones de mejoramiento en la aplicación del mecanismo.

Annual survey air quality 2003-2006

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Beijk, R.; Mooibroek, D.; Hoogerbrugge, R.

2007-01-01

Results from the Dutch National Air Quality Monitoring Network (LML) show that several European air quality limit values were exceeded in the Netherlands between 2003 and 2006. This applied mainly to nitrogen dioxide, particulate matter (PM10) and ozone. The number of exceedances was especially high in 2003, partly due to weather conditions such as enduring dry episodes. Ozone concentration levels above the alert threshold (smog alert) were measured in 2003 and 2006, with concentration levels above the alert threshold occurring mostly during heat episodes. Measurements for nitrogen dioxide showed a yearly average concentration at city street locations above the European limit value at approximately half the measuring sites between 2003 and 2006. Yearly average concentrations measured at regional locations have changed relatively little in the past four years, remaining below the limit value for this entire period. Particulate matter concentrations have been relatively constant in the past few three years, after peaking in 2003. There is an EU standard for particulate matter for short- and long-term exposure of the population, which is represented by year and day average concentrations, with a maximum number of exceedances per year allowed. The year averages for the 2003 to 2006 period are less than the standard for long-term exposure. The maximum number of days showing average concentrations above the limit value was violated at several locations in 2006. Both nitrogen dioxide and particulate matter are characterized by a clear downward trend when measured over a long period of time (15 and 14 years, respectively). However, it is not possible to determine from the past seven years whether this trend is still valid [nl

A doença meningocócica na região de Sorocaba, São Paulo, Brasil, no período de 1999 a 2008 Meningococcal disease in the Sorocaba region, São Paulo State, Brazil, 1999-2008

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Miriam Vannucchi Leme

2012-12-01

Full Text Available O objetivo do estudo foi descrever a ocorrência da doença meningocócica notificada no Departamento Regional de Saúde XVI, Sorocaba, São Paulo, Brasil, no período de 1999 a 2008. Em Sorocaba, a incidência anual da doença foi de cerca de dois casos por 100 mil habitantes, com aumento entre 2006 e 2008. As incidências anuais foram maiores entre 0 a 4 anos de idade. A letalidade no período foi de 21,8%, maior nas faixas etárias de 0 a 4 anos (26,4%, na qual se deu a maior incidência da doença, e com idade superior a 30 anos (28%. A confirmação diagnóstica foi laboratorial em 71% dos casos (cultura em 45,3% e por critérios clínico-epidemiológicos em 22%. O sorogrupo B ocorreu em 45,7%; o C, em 47,3%; o W135, em 3,7%; e o Y, em 1,5% dos casos identificados, com predomínio do sorogrupo B, entre 1999 e 2003, e do C, entre 2004 e 2008. Os fenótipos B:4,7:P1.19,15 e C:23:P1.14-6 predominaram. Os resultados reforçam a necessidade de acompanhamento, de forma regional, da tendência da doença para a detecção de surtos precocemente e monitoramento de cepas circulantes.The objective of this study was to describe the occurrence of meningococcal disease reported to the Regional Health Department in Sorocaba, São Paulo State, Brazil, from 1999 to 2008. Annual incidence of the disease was two cases per 100,000 inhabitants, with an increase from 2006 to 2008. Annual incidence rates were highest in the 0 to 4 year age bracket. Case-fatality was 21.8%, higher in the 0 to 4 year age bracket (26.4%, which also showed the highest incidence of the disease, and in the over 30-year age bracket (28%. Diagnosis was confirmed by laboratory test in 71% of cases (culture in 45.3% and by clinical and epidemiological criteria in 22%. Serological groups were B in 45.7%, C in 47.3%, W135 in 3.7%, and Y in 1.5% of the identified cases, with a predominance of B from 1999 to 2003 and C from 2004 to 2008. The most frequent phenotypes were B:4,7:P1.19,15 and C

Progress report 2003 - coal; Rapport d'activite 2003 - charbon

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2004-07-01

This report presents the activities of the Group ''Charbonnages de France'' in 2003. The administration council is detailed in the new structure and organization. It concerns also the end of the industrial activities, the social policy, the mine sites remediation, the industrialization of mine regions, the financial results and key data. (A.L.B.)

Annual Site Environmental Report: 2003

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Nuckolls, H.; /SLAC

2006-04-19

This report provides information about environmental programs during 2003 at the Stanford Linear Accelerator Center (SLAC). Seasonal activities that span calendar years are also included. Production of an annual site environmental report (ASER) is a requirement established by the DOE for all management and operating (M&O) contractors throughout the DOE complex. This summary demonstrates the effective application of SLAC environmental management to meet the site's integrated safety management system (ISMS) goals. For normal daily activities, all SLAC managers and supervisors are responsible for ensuring proper procedures are followed so that worker safety and health are protected; the environment is protected; and compliance is ensured. Throughout 2003, SLAC focused on these activities through the SLAC management systems (described in Chapter 3). These systems were utilized by SLAC to implement such ''greening of the government'' initiatives like Executive Order 13148. The management systems at SLAC are effective, supporting compliance with all relevant statutory and regulatory requirements. There were no reportable releases to the environment from SLAC operations during 2003. In addition, many improvements were continued during 2003 in waste minimization, recycling, decreasing air emission rates, stormwater drain system, groundwater restoration, and planning for a system to better manage chemical use. Program-specific details discussed are: (1) Air Quality--SLAC operates its air quality management program in compliance with established permit conditions; 2003 was the sixth consecutive year the air quality management program operated without any NOVs issued by regulators. Nevertheless, SLAC has an active program to improve its environmental performance in air quality. (2) Hazardous Waste--The Environmental Health Division of the San Mateo County Health Services Agency is the California certified unified permitting agency (CUPA) responsible

Areva half-year report June 30, 2008; Areva rapport semestriel 30 juin 2008

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2008-07-01

This document is the half-year financial report of the Areva group for 2008. It presents: 1 - the highlights of the period: key data (Summary data, Segment reporting, Backlog, Income statement, Review by division, Cash flow, Balance sheet data); Outlook; 2 - the events subsequent to half-year closing; 3 - the consolidated financial statements: Statutory Auditors' report on half-year 2008 information for the period January 1, 2008 to June 30, 2008, Consolidated income statement, Consolidated balance sheet, Consolidated cash flow statement, Consolidated statement of change in equity, Segment reporting, Notes to the consolidated financial statements for the period ending June 30, 2008.

Annual report 2003

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Toncik, M.

2004-04-01

In this Annual report the operating of the Slovak Environmental Agency in 2003 is reported. The structure of the Agency, mission, personnel structure, financing, monitoring of the environment, international cooperation and coordination of research programmes are reviewed

The 2003 Merged Model for Vietnam

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Jensen, Henning Tarp; Tarp, Finn

This monograph documents the 2003 Merged Model for Vietnam. The initialization and calibration of the model is based on a financial 2003 SAM framework and an auxiliary 2002-3 data set. The recursive nature of the solution of the Merged Model is discussed with reference to the four main sectors...

Valoración del impacto de la ola de calor del verano de 2003 sobre la mortalidad Evaluation of the impact of the heat wave in the summer of 2003 on mortality

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Gonzalo López-Abente

2004-05-01

Full Text Available Las altas temperaturas experimentadas en Europa durante el verano de 2003 tuvieron un efecto en la mortalidad en varios países, incluido el nuestro. En este capítulo se describe la mortalidad registrada durante el período comprendido entre el 1 de junio al 31 de agosto de 2003, y se comenta el impacto de las olas de calor sufridas. El número de defunciones se obtuvo de los registros civiles de las capitales de provincia y de una muestra aleatoria de 107 municipios rurales. Esto se comparó con la mortalidad esperada, estimada mediante un modelo de regresión de Poisson sobre series históricas de defunciones, corregido por la tendencia ascendente y la estacionalidad de la mortalidad. La información meteorológica la proporcionó el Instituto Nacional de Meteorología. España experimentó tres períodos de temperaturas elevadas. El exceso de defunciones asociado fue del 8% (43.212 observadas por 40.046 esperadas. El exceso de mortalidad afectó exclusivamente a las personas mayores de 65 años (15%. Este incremento también se observó en el medio rural. Este fenómeno es un problema de salud pública emergente por su riesgo atribuible creciente debido al envejecimiento de la población. Frente a ello, se pueden plantear sistemas de alerta y respuesta basados en el control de riesgos naturales, las demandas médicas de urgencia y las defunciones, así como en el fortalecimiento de la capacidad de respuesta de los servicios sociales y sanitarios.The effect of the elevated temperatures experimented in Europe during the summer 2003 on mortality was observed in several countries. This study, carried out in Spain, describes the mortality between the 1st June and the 31st August and evaluates the effect of the heat wave on mortality. Observed deaths were obtained from official vital Registers of the capital city of the 50 provinces. Deaths from 107 randomly selected rural villages were also obtained from the same source. Observed deaths were

Energy Monitor ICT 2008; Energiemonitor ICT 2008

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Clevers, S.; Popma, P.; Elderman, M. [Tebodin Netherlands, Den Haag (Netherlands)

2009-08-15

Following the report 'ICT flows' (ICT stroomt door) of 2007, the Energy Monitor ICT 2008 offers an update of the energy use of the ICT sector in the Netherlands (households, offices and ICT infrastructure) and recommendations for increasing the energy efficiency in the ICT sector. [Dutch] In navolging van het rapport 'ICT stroomt door' uit 2007 geeft de Energiemonitor ICT 2008 een update van het energiegebruik door ICT in Nederland (huishoudens, kantoren en ICT infrastructuur) en de aanbevelingen om de energie-efficientie in de ICT-sector te verhogen.

Ecoturismo y reapropiación social de recursos naturales entre los tseltales de El Corralito, Oxchuc, Chiapas

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Julio César Sánchez Morales

2012-01-01

Full Text Available El objetivo de este artículo es analizar el proceso de reapropiación social de los recursos naturales entre los tseltales de la comunidad El Corralito, municipio de Oxchuc, Chiapas, luego de la implementación de un proyecto ecoturístico en sus tierras desde el año 2002. Este proceso de reapropiación social ha englobado elementos sociales, culturales y económicos a nivel del grupo tseltal; para comprender estos procesos, indagamos en las siguientes dimensiones: presencia de innovaciones y experimentación, tanto en lo organizativo, económico y ambiental; así como la participación local y la capacidad de agencia para el desarrollo del proyecto ecoturístico en la zona. Ahora bien, el trabajo se desarrolló con el apoyo del instrumental metodológico cualitativo: entrevistas a profundidad, etnografías, observación participante y encuestas, de la que se obtuvieron datos cuantitativos.

Trends in the pharmacological treatment of osteoporosis in Spain from 2000 to 2008.

Science.gov (United States)

Salgueiro, M Esther; Manso, Gloria; Castells, Xavier; Jimeno, Francisco J; Ordoñez, Lucía; González, Verónica; Rodríguez, Alfonso; Capellà, Dolors

2013-01-01

To analyze the time trends in anti-osteoporosis medications consumption in Spain between 2000 and 2008 and the influence on such consumption induced by the Information Sheets related to the safety of menopausal hormone therapy and strontium ranelate published by the Spanish Agency of Medicines and Health Products (AEMPS). Purchase data of anti-osteoporosis medications from 2000 to 2008 were obtained from the Spanish Ministry of Health. This information includes the pharmacy sales data of medicinal products reimbursed by the Spanish National Health Service. Anti-osteoporosis medications consumption data were expressed as defined daily dose per 1 000 inhabitants per day in women aged 50 or more. During the study period, anti-osteoporosis medications consumption showed a continuous increase. The greatest increase was observed with bisphosphonates, particularly alendronate and risedronate in their weekly formulations. Strontium ranelate consumption was low but continuously increased and new information concerning its safety in 2007 had no effect on its consumption. The use of menopausal hormone therapy remained stable until 2003, and from then presented a continuous decrease until 2008. Raloxifene utilization increased from 2000 to 2004 and decreased thereafter. Calcitonin utilization decreased uninterruptedly and teriparatide was infrequently used. This study reports a marked change in osteoporosis treatment in Spain, which includes an important increase in anti-osteoporosis medication use, particularly of bisphosphonates and a decrease in menopausal hormone therapy use secondary to the new information about their safety. Copyright © 2012 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.

Results from livestock monitoring - slaughter forecasts for 2003

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Gjelsvik, R.

2004-07-01

The report summarizes the results of monitoring 137Cs in sheep, cow and goats milk from selected farms in 2003. The results give a basis for this years slaughter forecasts in 2003 and give information about the levels, variation and long-term effects of 137Cs in some of Norway's most important food chains. There was good growth of mushrooms/fungi in the areas: Nordland, Troendelag and Moere and Romsdal in 2003. This is reflected in high 137Cs concentrations in goat's milk from North Troendelag. Concentrations of 137Cs in meat and milk from farms in Oppland, Rogaland and Sogn and Fjordane -were lower in 2003 compared to 2002. Sheep classification zones made clean feeding necessary in 25010 sheep wholly or partially in 49 municipalities in 2003. (Author)

ANDRA. 2003 activity report

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

2004-05-01

This document includes both the activity report and the management and financial situation report of the French national agency for the management of radioactive wastes (ANDRA). Content: ANDRA's missions: 1 - the industrial mission (short-lived low- and medium-level wastes, a new disposal facility for the very low level wastes, wastes from diffuse nuclear origins); 2 - the research mission (methodology and approach, knowledge gained in 2003, the 2003 experimental program of the Meuse-Haute Marne underground laboratory, the three approaches applied to research, projects for radium- and graphite-bearing wastes, international relations); 3 - information mission (public expectations and specific answers, inventory mission). (J.S.)

The LNG Industry - 2008

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

2009-04-01

Estimates for the marketed production of natural gas in 2008 show a rise of about 3.4% over 2007. The share of LNG in the gas trade accounts for 27% of the total (excluding trade within the Former Soviet Union and United Arab Emirates). This annual report presents: 1 - LNG contracts and trade, 2 - Contracts concluded in 2008, 3 - LNG imports - Sources of imports - Quantities received in 2008, 4 - LNG tankers, 5 - Ships delivered, 6 - Tanker distribution, 7 - Liquefaction plants, 8 - re-gasification plants, 9 - Contracts in force in 2008, 10 - Spot and short term quantities received in 2008, 11 - Sea transportation routes, 12 - Liquefaction plants (table), 13 - re-gasification plants (table), 14 - Delivery date of the LNG tankers

Clinical and epidemiological aspects of invasive Streptococcus pyogenes infections in Denmark during 2003 and 2004

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Luca-Harari, B.; Linden, M. van der; Staum-Kattoft, M.

2008-01-01

Active surveillance of invasive group A streptococcal (GAS) infections was conducted in Denmark during 2003 and 2004 as a part of the Strep-EURO initiative. The main objective was to improve understanding of the epidemiology of invasive GAS disease in Denmark. During the 2 years, 278 cases were...... reported, corresponding to a mean annual incidence of 2.6 cases per 100,000 inhabitants. The vast majority of isolates, 253 (91%), were from blood, with the remaining 25 (9%) being from cerebrospinal fluid, joints, or other normally sterile sites. The mean case fatality rate (CFR) was 20%, with the rate...... countries, GAS invasive disease shows a sustained, high endemicity, with involvement of both established and emerging streptococcal emm and T types Udgivelsesdato: 2008/1...

Kittiwake diets and chick production signal a 2008 regime shift in the Northeast Pacific

Science.gov (United States)

Hatch, Scott A.

2013-01-01

I examined ~2700 food samples collected from adult and nestling black-legged kittiwakes Rissa tridactyla from 1978 through 2011 on Middleton Island in the Gulf of Alaska. The kittiwake diet was composed chiefly of fish, but invertebrates were taken in appreciable quantities in April and May. Upon spring arrival at the colony, adult kittiwakes foraged regularly at night on vertically migrating mesopelagic prey—lanternfishes (Myctophidae), squids, crustaceans, and polychaetes—a behavior they largely discontinued by egg-laying. During incubation and chick-rearing, food samples contained mostly (~85% by weight) Pacific sand lance Ammodytes hexapterus, capelin Mallotus villosus, Pacific herring Clupea pallasii, sablefish Anopoploma fimbria, krill (Euphausiidae), and juvenile salmon Onchorynchus gorboscha and O. keta. A salient finding over the longitudinal study was the emergence, twice, of capelin as a dominant forage species—once in 2000 to 2003, and again in 2008 through 2011. Kittiwakes responded to capelin availability by producing markedly higher numbers of fledged young. The 2000 to 2003 event corresponded to a previously documented shift to cooler conditions in the NE Pacific, which apparently was relatively limited in magnitude or duration. The more recent transition appears stronger and may be more lasting. I submit that 2008 was an important turning point, marking a substantive reversal of warm conditions that began with the well-documented regime shift of 1977. That interpretation is consistent with the existence of a ~60 yr cycle in ocean and atmospheric conditions in the North Pacific. All else being equal, it predicts the next 20 to 30 yr will be favorable for species such as kittiwakes and Steller sea lions, which seemed to respond negatively to the 1977 to 2007 warm phase of the Pacific Decadal Oscillation.

Sistemas para el suministro de servicios a usuarios de recursos naturales: enfoque, funciones de información y comunicación y consideraciones de política

OpenAIRE

Ramírez Ricardo; Lee Rebecca

2007-01-01

Hay una creciente aceptación de que no existe un único enfoque para el suministro de servicios rurales que pueda satisfacer las necesidades de todos los usuarios de los recursos naturales. Agrupamos a los usuarios según las siguientes categorías: familias agrícolas con acceso a mercados, comunidades rurales con ingresos derivados de una variedad de actividades, y comunidades con acceso a recursos de propiedad común. Cada grupo tiene necesidades particulares y en mucho...

Heating entrepreneur activity in 2003

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Nikkola, A.; Solmio, H.

2004-01-01

According to TTS Institute information, at the end of 2003 there were heating entrepreneurs responsible for fuel management and heat production in at least 212 heating plants in Finland. The number of operative plants increased by 36 from the previous year. At the end of 2003, the total boiler capacity for solid fuel in the plants managed by the heating entrepreneurs exceeded 100 megawatts. The average boiler capacity of the plants was 0.5 megawatts. Heating entrepreneur-ship was most common in west Finland, where 40 percent of the plants are located. There were some 94 heating plants managed by cooperatives or limited companies. Single entrepre neurs or entrepreneur networks consisting of several entrepreneurs were responsible for heat production in 117 plants. Heating entrepreneurs used approximately 290,000 loose cubic metres of forest chips, which is about seven percent of the volume used for heating and power plant energy production in 2003. In addition, the heating entrepreneurs used a total of 40,000 loose cubic metres of other wood fuel and an estimated 20,000 loose cubic metres of sod and milled peat. Municipalities are still the most important customer group for heating entrepreneurs. However, thenumber of private customers is growing. Industrial company, other private company or properly was the main customer already for every fourth plant established during 2003. (orig.)

Põllumajandussaaduste turg : [1994-2003 Eestis] / Ene Maadvere

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

Maadvere, Ene, 1948-

2004-01-01

Ilmunud ka: Agriculture and rural development : overview 2003/2004. - Tallinn, 2004, lk. 124-132. Põllumajandussaaduste ekspordimaht vähenes 2003. a. eelmise aasta sama perioodiga võrreldes 0,4%, importmaht aga suurenes 7%. Tabelid. Diagrammid. Graafikud

Los modos de representación de modelos en el curso Educación en Química con profesores en formación inicial en Ciencias Naturales

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Henry Giovany Cabrera Castillo

2015-01-01

Full Text Available En este artículo se describe el desarrollo de una propuesta didáctica con profesores en formación inicial enciencias naturales. Se destaca la puesta en práctica de experiencias mostrativas, el uso de Modos deRepresentación de Modelos visual, simbólico, verbal, matemático y concreto por parte de los estudiantes y semenciona la necesidad de trabajar con narrativas experimentales como un elemento de evaluación.

Gobernanza y gestión comunitaria de recursos naturales en la Sierra Norte de Oaxaca

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

José Gasca Zamora

2014-01-01

Full Text Available en la Sierra Norte de Oaxaca se ubican municipios que han desarrollado estrategias organizativas y producti - vas, donde los actores sociales y sus instancias de gobier - no comunal se han posicionado como agentes clave. Estas experiencias se llevan a cabo en territorios que, además de contar con recursos forestales, han “redescubierto” nue - vas formas de aprovechamiento de sus recursos hídricos y paisajísticos, entre otros. Se trata de espacios habitados principalmente por poblaciones de ascendencia indígena, que tienen regímenes comunales de tenencia de la tierra, y que mediante empresas comunitarias usan y usufructúan sus principales recursos naturales. En este trabajo se explo - ra el contexto en que surgió esta modalidad productiva, y se propone identificar y explicar los factores que intervie - nen en su funcionamiento. Sobre todo interesa destacar tres ejes: los espacios de gobernanza y gestión social de re - cursos; el trabajo cooperativo y las estrategias de reciproci -dad y la construcción de una racionalidad socioecológica, que prefigura determinadas estrategias de conservación en regiones de alto valor ambiental.

Wind Energy Department annual progress report 2003

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Johanse, B.D.; Riis. U. (eds.)

2004-12-01

This report covers the scientific work of the Wind Energy Department in 2003. It comprises departmental programmes as well as brief summaries of all non-conficential projects and a review of the key issues of 2003. (au)

Powernext 2003 assessment

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

2003-01-01

The introduction of a power exchange in France is a direct response to the opening up of the European electricity markets. Powernext SA is a Multilateral Trading Facility in charge of managing the French power exchange through an optional and anonymous organised exchange offering: - Day-ahead contracts for the management of volume risk on Powernext Day-Ahead TM since 21 November 2001, - Medium term contracts for the management of price risk on Powernext Futures TM since 18 June 2004. This document is the 2003 activity report of Powernext SA, it presents the key figures of the power market and of Powernext in 2003: increase of prices volatility with respect to 2002, influence of exceptional weather conditions on electricity consumption, other higher prices encountered in Europe the same year, increase of traded volumes with respect to 2002, members' rate of participation, and resiliency index of the market. (J.S.)

Maternal Asthma, Diabetes, and High Blood Pressure are Associated with Low Birth Weight and Increased Hospital Birth and Delivery Charges; Hawai‘i Hospital Discharge Data 2003–2008

Science.gov (United States)

Feigal, David W; Smith, Ruben A; Fuddy, Loretta J

2014-01-01

Asthma, diabetes, and high blood pressure are common maternal conditions that can impact birth outcomes. Data from hospital discharges in Hawai‘i were analyzed for 107,034 singleton births from 2003–2008. Categories were determined using the International Statistical Classification of Diseases, ninth revision (ICD-9) from linked delivery records of mother and infant. Prevalence estimates of asthma (ICD-9: 493), diabetes (ICD-9: 250,648.0, 648.8), high blood pressure (ICD-9: 401–405,642) as coded on the delivery record, low birth weight (4500 grams), Cesarean delivery, and median hospital charges were calculated. Median regression analysis assessed total hospital charges adjusting for maternal age, maternal race, insurance, and Cesarean delivery. Maternal asthma was present in 4.3% (95% confidence interval=4.1–4.4%), maternal diabetes was present in 7.7% (95% CI=7.6–7.9%), and maternal high blood pressure was present in 9.2% (95% CI=9.0–9.3%) of births. In the adjusted median regression analysis, mothers with asthma had $999 (95% CI: $886 to $1,112) higher hospital charges compared to those without; mothers with diabetes had $743 (95% CI: $636 to $850) higher charges compared to those without; and mothers with high blood pressure had $2,314 (95% CI: $2,194 to $2,434) higher charges compared to those without. Asthma, diabetes, and high blood pressure are associated with higher hospital delivery charges and low birth weight. Diabetes and high blood pressure were also associated with Cesarean delivery. An increased awareness of the impact of these conditions on both adverse birth outcomes and the development of chronic disease is needed. PMID:24567868

Energy statistics for multi-dwelling buildings in 2008; Energistatistik foer flerbostadshus 2008

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

2009-09-15

82 percent of the total heated area in multi-dwelling buildings in 2008 was heated by district heating. District heating was also used in combination with other types of heating to heat another 3 percent of the area. The percentage of area that is only heated by oil is approximately 1 percent, a slight decrease compared to 2007. Oil is also used in combination with other types of heating for approximately 1 percent of the area. The use of heating oil has decreased from 75 000 m3 in 2007 to 51 000 m3 in 2008. Natural gas and gasworks' gas consumption has decreased compared to 2007. The total water consumption was 278 millions m3. The average use was 1 698 litres per m2. Average usage of energy in 2008: 17.7 litres or (176.1 kWh) of oil per for multi-dwelling buildings in 2008, 148 kWh district heating per m2, 123 kWh electricity per m2 Total usage of energy in 2008 25.7 TWh was the total consumption of energy for heating and hot water in multi dwelling buildings in 2008

Inmigrantes y recursos sociales naturales. La aplicación del modelo del convoy social al proceso de aculturación

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Manuel García Ramírez

2016-10-01

Full Text Available Este artículo analiza las contribuciones que los recursos sociales naturales tienen durante la aculturación, entendida como proceso de socialización y aprendizaje de habilidades en la transición a un nuevo país. Se realiza a partir del modelo del convoy social propuesto por Khan y Antonucci (1980, basado en un enfoque ecológico y psicosocial. Se abordan los siguientes aspectos: 1 las funciones adaptativas que tienen las relaciones sociales durante el proceso migratorio; 2 cómo se estructura la red personal para ofrecer sin solución de continuidad su potencial de ayuda y 3 el papel específico que los familiares, compatriotas y miembros de la sociedad anfitriona tienen, especialmente en el ajuste psicológico y laboral.

Annual Statistical Supplement, 2003

Data.gov (United States)

Social Security Administration — The Annual Statistical Supplement, 2003 includes the most comprehensive data available on the Social Security and Supplemental Security Income programs. More than...

Variaciones en los patrones de pigmentación y de color de larvas de poblaciones naturales de anofeles albimanus de Colombia

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Marco F. Suárez

1986-12-01

Full Text Available Fueron observados el patrón de pigmentación y el color del cuerpo de las larvas de III y IV estadio en poblaciones naturales de Anopheles albimanus procedentes de cuatro áreas geográficas y ecológicas diferentes. Se incluyen tres variantes de la cápsula de la cabeza, el sable curvado de las antenas y la pigmentación; nueve variantes de la pigmentación del cuerpo y 17 del color del cuerpo. Se informa la alta variación en los patrones de color y otras características visibles. Se incluye una breve descripción de cada variante y la frecuencia observada en cada población.

Estatuto jurídico de los recursos naturales del estado en el derecho internacional público (los recursos acuíferos

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Belter Garré Copello

2015-10-01

Full Text Available Contenido: Prólogo.  Introducción. La evolución del derecho internacional contemporáneo en la Carta de Derechos y Deberes Económicos de los Estados (Resolución 3281 (XXIX de la Asamblea General de las Naciones Unidad de 14 de diciembre de 1974. Valor jurídicointernacional de la Carta. Algunas reflexiones acerca del principio de la soberanía permanente sobre la riqueza, los recursos naturales y las actividaes económicas delestado; la acción de patrimonio común de la humanidad; y su proyección a otros supuestos específicos no incluidos en esta. Conclusiones

Current-Account Imbalances and Economic Growth During the 2008-2009 Financial Crisis: an Empirical Analysis

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Rossitsa Rangelova

2014-06-01

Full Text Available This study examines the relationship between current-account imbalances and economic growth during the 2008-2009 financial and economic crisis for 179 countries (covered by IMF data and within the EU-27 countries (covered by Eurostat data. The countries are divided into 4 groups by GDP per capita based on PPPs, namely, low income, lower middle-income, upper middle-income and high-income countries. Empirical analysis is applied, including descriptive statistics and regression estimates. Statistical data are used, including the average of the GDP growth rate in the years prior to the crisis (2003–2007, the average of the GDP growth rate for 2008 and 2009, current account as a percentage of GDP, and the level of average inflation. It is proved that, in general, the 2008-2009 crisis affected high- and upper middle-income countries more than poorer countries. Within the EU-27 countries, however, the crisis appears to have affected lower income countries more than higher income countries. A common tendency is observed for the two country samples: countries that experienced strong growth just prior to the crisis had an increased risk of suffering after the crisis. The boom prior to the crisis led to imbalances that rendered economies more vulnerable. Additionally, surpluses that existed prior to the crisis are an important risk factor for the two groups of countries.

Swiss electricity statistics 2008

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

2009-06-01

This comprehensive report made by the Swiss Federal Office of Energy (SFOE) presents the statistics for 2008 on electricity production and usage in Switzerland for the year 2008. First of all, an overview of Switzerland's electricity supply in 2008 is presented. Details are noted of the proportions generated by different sources including nuclear, hydro-power, storage schemes and thermal power stations as well as energy transfer with neighbouring countries. A second chapter takes a look at the balance of imports and exports with illustrative flow diagrams along with tables for total figures from 1950 through to 2008. For the summer and winter periods, figures from 1995 to 2008 are presented. The third chapter examines the production of electricity in the various types of power stations and the developments over the years 1950 to 2008, whereby, for example, statistics on regional generation and power station type are looked at. The fourth chapter looks at electricity consumption in various sectors from 1984 to 2008 and compares the figures with international data. The fifth chapter looks at generation, consumption and loading on particular days and chapter six considers energy exchange with Switzerland's neighbours. Chapter seven takes a look at possibilities for extending generation facilities in the period up to 2015

1. half results 2003 - AREVA group

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

2003-01-01

This financial presentation of the Areva group, the world nuclear industry leader, results for the first half 2003 highlights the good level of activity, the negotiations with URENCO in final stages concerning the enrichment, the revision of estimates and negotiations underway concerning the dismantling and the operating income positive in Q2 2003 concerning the connectors division. (A.L.B.)

CERN wired-up at Telecom 2003

CERN Multimedia

2003-01-01

CERN demonstrated the newest Grid technology and highlighted advances in networking through optical fibres at the ITU Telecom World 2003, the international exhibition on telecommunication that was held at Palexpo, Geneva, 12-18 October 2003. There CERN also set a new land speed long-range data transmission record and showed live transmissions via high quality videoconferencing from the Internet2 conference in Indianapolis.

Proyecto taller de riesgos naturales y percepción, construyendo una estrategia pedagógica para la enseñanza de los riesgos naturales en Costa Rica

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Arauz Muñoz, Jeannette

2005-08-01

Full Text Available Este artículo pretende dar a conocer experiencias con respecto al proyecto "Taller Riesgos Naturales y Percepción" del Observatorio Vulcanológico y Sismológico de Costa Rica, el cual tiene como fin promover la sensibilización en el tema de la prevención de riesgos entre la comunidad educativa. Su objetivo final está enfocado en cambiar el abordaje que se le ha dado al tema a nivel de centros educativos, por medio del desarrollo de una unidad didáctica para el I y II ciclo de la enseñanza general básica. La metodología utilizada se divide en tres fases: elaboración de mapas cognitivos con los niños de las escuelas seleccionadas, el análisis y verificación de información recabada y la realización de un taller en las escuelas The objective of this article is to inform about the experiences related to the project "Workshop about Natural Risks and Perception" from the Volcanological and Seismological Observatory of Costa Rica, which main objective is to sensitize about risks prevention in the educational community. The final objective is focused in changing the way in which the topic has been approached in educational centers, through the development of a teaching unit for I and II cycles of the basic general teaching. The methodology used is divided in three phases: development of cognitive maps with children of the schools selected, analysis and verification of the information collected and organization of a workshop in the schools

TransAlta 2003 annual report

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

2004-01-01

This annual report presents financial information from TransAlta Corp., along with a review of its operations throughout 2003 and a summary of the how the electric utility has performed in terms of power generation, independent power producers, transmission and energy marketing. TransAlta is one of the largest non-regulated power generation and wholesale marketing companies in Canada. It's assets include coal-fired, gas-fired, hydro and renewable generation facilities in Canada, the United States, Mexico and Australia. Reported earnings in 2003 were $1.26 per share compared to $1.17 in 2002. The strong first quarter was followed by harsh market conditions, low water levels which affected hydro production, and pricing restrictions in Ontario that reduced contribution from the Sarnia plant. This report outlines the utility's progress in increasing revenue and producing more power. In 2003, unplanned outages were reduced by 7 per cent and injury frequency rate was reduced by 27 per cent. The installation of 114 wind turbines in Fort Macleod, Alberta, increased TransAlta's renewable energy capacity to 3.7 per cent in 2003. The wind farm produces 75 MW of electricity, enough to power more than 32,500 homes annually. This report summarized the company's energy resource activities and presented an operations review as well as consolidated financial statements and common share information. This included the utility's assets, liabilities, revenues, expenses and cash flows. Revenue and expenditure statements were summarized by source. refs., tabs., figs

State of the Climate in 2003.

Science.gov (United States)

Levinson, D. H.; Waple, A. M.

2004-06-01

The earth's climate was influenced by a moderate El Niño in the tropical Pacific Ocean at the beginning of 2003. This ENSO warm event developed during October November of 2002, and eventually dissipated during March April 2003, giving way to near-neutral ENSO conditions for the remainder of the year. Despite the cessation of El Niño during the boreal spring, the ENSO warm event affected regional precipitation anomalies over a broad area of the Pacific basin, including wet anomalies along the west coast of South America, and dry anomalies in eastern Australia, the southwest Pacific, and Hawaii.The global mean surface temperature in 2003 was within the highest three annual values observed during the period of regular instrumental records (beginning in approximately 1880), but below the 1998 record-high value. Global surface temperatures in 2003 were 0.46°C (0.83°F) above the 1961 90 mean, according to one U.K. record, which ranked as third highest in this archive. In the U.S. temperature archive, the 2003 anomaly was also 0.46°C (0.83°F), equivalent to the 2002 value, which ranked second over the period of record. Similar to the surface temperature anomalies, satellite retrievals of global midtropospheric temperatures ranked 2003 as third warmest relative to the 1979 98 mean value.The hurricane season was extremely active in the Atlantic basin, with a total of 16 tropical storms, seven hurricanes, and three major hurricanes in 2003. Five of these tropical cyclones made landfall in the United States, three made landfall in northeastern Mexico, and a tropical storm affected Hispañola. In addition, Nova Scotia and Bermuda experienced devastating impacts from hurricanes in 2003. Another notable aspect of the season in the Atlantic was the formation of five tropical storms over the Gulf of Mexico, which tied the season high observed in 1957. In addition, three tropical storms formed outside of the normal (June November) hurricane season in 2003—one in April and

ALSNews 2008

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

McCullough, Julie; Tamura, Lori

2008-01-01

Compilation of Advanced Light Source newsletter, ALSNews, for 2008, Volumes 283-293. The contents of this issue are: (1) Director's Update: SAC Meeting, the Budget, BES Review, and Beyond; (2) The Biological Implications of the PP2A Crystal Structure; (3) Important Top-Off Progress; (4) UEC Corner: Introducing the 2008 Committee; (5) SAC Year-End Review and BES Dry Run; (6) ALS-Related Web News and Links; and (7) Operations Update

Elementos para la valoración integral de los recursos naturales: un puente entre la economía ambiental y la economía ecológica

OpenAIRE

RODRÍGUEZ ROMERO, PAULO CESAR; CUBILLOS GONZALEZ, ALEXANDER

2012-01-01

El predominio de las valoraciones de los recursos naturales basadas en cifras económicas ha generado una infravaloración de los beneficios reales que obtienen las sociedades de la naturaleza, causada por el desconocimiento de la complejidad de las funciones ecológicas y por ignorar la integralidad de los subsistemas que componen el ambiente. Ante tal panorama, resulta imperante encontrar puentes conceptuales entre las ciencias ambientales para llenar los vacíos en los métodos de valoración, r...

The dynamics of natural populations: feedback structures in fluctuating environments La dinámica de las poblaciones naturales: estructuras de retroalimentación en ambientes fluctuantes

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

MAURICIO LIMA

2001-06-01

Full Text Available The fluctuations exhibited by natural populations have fascinated ecologists for the last eighty years. However, a vigorous debate between different schools of population ecologists has hampered reaching a consensus about the causes of such numerical fluctuations. Recent findings and a more synthetic view of population change espoused by ecologists, statisticians, and mathematicians have integrated the role of nonlinear feedback (deterministic and external environmental (deterministic or stochastic processes in the dynamics of natural populations. The new challenge for population ecologists is to understand how these two different forces interact in nature. In this commentary, I review some of the basic principles of population analysis during the last 50 years. Finally, this commentary emphasize that one of the most promising approaches in population ecology will be the analysis and interpretation of time series data from several species in the same place, and the integration of demographic analysis and mathematical modeling. In both cases we need long-term data of biological populations and the factors that effect them. The potential insights gained from such an approach will help ecologists to understand better the dynamics of natural populations and will have large implications for applied issues such as conservation, management, and control of natural populationsLas fluctuaciones exhibidas por las poblaciones naturales han fascinado a los ecólogos durante los últimos ochenta años. Sin embargo, las acaloradas controversias entre las dos escuelas de ecólogos poblacionales han retrasado la explicación de dichas fluctuaciones numéricas. Recientes hallazgos y una visión más sintética del cambio poblacional lograda por los ecólogos, estadísticos y matemáticos han integrado el papel de los procesos no lineales (deterministas y los procesos externos ambientales (deterministas o estocásticos en la dinámica de las poblaciones naturales

Natural attenuation of biogas in landfill covers; Attenuazione naturale del flusso di biogas nella copertura superficiale delle discariche

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Cossu, R.; Privato, A.; Raga, R. [Padova Univ., Padova (Italy). IMAGE, Dipartimento di Idraulica, Marittima, Ambiente e Geotecnica; Zane, M. [SPINOFF S.R.L., Padova (Italy)

2005-08-01

In the risk evaluation of uncontrolled biogas emissions from landfills, the process of natural attenuation in landfill covers assumes a very important role. The capacity of biogas oxidation in the cover soils seems to be the most important control to mitigate the biogas emission during the aftercare period when the biogas collection system might fail. In the present paper laboratory experiences on lab columns to study the biogas oxidation are discussed. [Italian] Nella valutazione del pericolo di emissioni incontrollate di biogas da una discarica, il processo dell'attenuazione naturale della copertura superficiale assume un ruolo molto importante. La capacita' di ossidazione del biogas nel terreno di copertura sembra rappresentare il controllo piu' importante nella mitigazione di fughe incontrollate di biogas, soprattutto nel lungo periodo quando la captazione del biogas perde efficienza. Nel presente lavoro si riportano alcune esperienze di laboratorio per valutare l'ossidazione di metano in diverse tipologie di copertura.

Disputas por tagua y minas: recursos naturales y propiedad territorial en el Pacífico colombiano, 1870-1930

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Claudia Leal

2008-01-01

Full Text Available En el Pacífico colombiano no hubo fuertes disputas por la tierra en las últimas décadas del siglo diecinueve y las primeras del veinte, como sucedió en otras partes de Colombia, pero sí hubo conflictos territoriales. Estos estuvieron centrados en el acceso a recursos naturales considerados valiosos: semillas de palma de tagua, oro y platino. Al estudiar estos conflictos este artículo ayuda a comprender por qué la mayoría de la región mantuvo su carácter de baldío de la nación en momentos en que se aceleró la titulación de tierra en otras partes del país. Así, contribuye a entender la particular historia del Pacífico colombiano, que generó las condiciones que favorecieron la titulación colectiva a comunidades negras que estipula la Constitución política de 1991.

Bienestar social y áreas naturales protegidas. Un caso de estudio en la costa de Oaxaca, México

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Edgar Robles Zavala

2014-01-01

Full Text Available El artículo analiza las características de po - breza y bienestar social de los beneficiarios de programas sociales. Esto es en tres comu - nidades asentadas en el parque nacional La - gunas de Chacahua, en la costa de Oaxaca. La colecta de datos se realizó en dos tempo - radas diferentes: una corresponde al progra - ma Progresa (1999, la otra a Oportunida - des (2007. Se utilizó el enfoque de Medios de Vida Sustentables para analizar la diná - mica de activos y estrategias de diversifica - ción de los hogares en las tres comunidades. Se concluye que el nivel de bienestar de las tres comunidades no ha tenido un cambio significativo entre ambos periodos de estu - dio; sin embargo, la sobrevivencia de los ho - gares se ha basado en la explotación indiscri - minada de los recursos naturales dentro del parque, ello ante la ausencia de un marco normativo que impida tal problema.

KEK Engineering Department -activity report FY 2003

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

2005-03-01

This report includes all kinds of activities of the Engineering Department of KEK from 2002 to 2003 FY. There are fourteen chapters, which contain KEK Prize for engineering, KEK meeting of engineering technologies, Engineering Seminar, COACK (Component Oriented Advanced Control Kernel) for cooperation R and D project, Forum on engineering technologies from 1998 to 2003 FY, Engineering Department Symposium, service trainings, Engineering Department research study, English training, training for professional worker, training for technical expert, report on joint training for technical expert, training for middle school students, and the Engineering Department system and the main events from 1971 to 2003. (S.Y. )

Reduction of net primary productivity in southern China caused by abnormal low-temperature freezing in winter of 2008 detected by a remote sensing-driven ecosystem model

Science.gov (United States)

Ju, W.; Liu, Y.; Zhou, Y.; Zhu, G.

2011-12-01

Terrestrial carbon cycle is an important determinant of global climate change and affected by various factors, including climate, CO2 concentration, atmospheric nitrogen deposition and human activities. Extreme weather events can significantly regulate short-term even long-term carbon exchanges between terrestrial ecosystems and the atmosphere. During the period from the middle January to the middle February 2008, Southern China was seriously hit by abnormal low-temperature freezing, which caused serous damages to forests and crops. However, the reduction of net primary productivity (NPP) of terrestrial ecosystems caused by this extremely abnormal weather event has not been quantitatively investigated. In this study, the Boreal Ecosystem Productivity Simulator (BEPS) model was employed to assess the reduction of NPP in Southern China caused by the abnormal low-temperature freezing. Prior to the regional simulation, the BEPS model was validated using measured NPP in different ecosystems, demonstrating the ability of this model to simulate NPP reliably in China. Then, it was forced using meteorological data interpolated from observations of weather stations and leaf area index inversed from MODIS reflectance data to simulate national wide NPP at a 500 m resolution for the period from 2003 to 2008. The departures of NPP in 2008 from the means during 2003-2007 were used as the indicator of NPP reduction caused by the low-temperature freezing. It was found out that NPP in 2008 decreased significantly in forests of Southern China, especially in Guangdong, Fujian, Zhejiang, Guangxi, Jiangxi, and Hunan Provinces, in which the low-temperature freeing was more serious. The annul reduction of NPP was above 150 g C/m^2/yr in these areas. Key words: Net Primary Productivity, low-temperature freezing, BEPS model, MODIS Correspondence author: Weimin Ju Email:juweimin@nju.edu.cn

Especies del género Tamarix (Tamaricaceae invadiendo ambientes naturales y seminaturales en Argentina Tamarix species (Tamaricaceae invading natural and seminatural habitats in Argentina

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

E. S. Natale

2008-07-01

Full Text Available El género Tamarix incluye especies con antecedentes como invasores agresivos en ambientes naturales de Estados Unidos, México y Australia. Su presencia en Argentina es conocida desde hace mucho tiempo, cultivado como ornamental, cortina corta-vientos o para sombra o creciendo de manera espontánea. Estudios previos citan un número variable de especies del género como cultivadas en el país, este trabajo aclara confusiones relacionadas con sinonimias, confirmando la presencia de cuatro especies en el país: T. gallica, T. ramosissima, T. chinensis y T. parviflora, las tres primeras registradas colonizando ambientes naturales o seminaturales. Se describen las especies del género citadas para Argentina y se provee una clave para su identificación. Se presenta la distribución conocida hasta el momento del género y se incluyen mapas con la ubicación de poblaciones establecidas e invasoras de cada especie a nivel nacional.The genus Tamarix includes species behaving as aggressive invaders in the USA, México and Australia. Previous studies report a variable number of species of this genus cultivated in Argentina as ornamentals, wind-break or for shadow, or growing spontaneously. This work makes clear some confusion related to synonyms and confirms the presence of four species in our country: T. gallica, T. ramosissima, T. chinensis and T. parviflora, the former three recorded colonizing natural and semi-natural habitats. A description of these species is given, together with a key for their identification, and information of their geographical distribution in Argentina, including maps showing the occurrence of established and invasive populations.

2003 SOLAS Summer School

National Research Council Canada - National Science Library

McGillis, Wade R

2003-01-01

In 2003, the United States provided support for the participation of 18 students, three research assistants, and seven lecturers in the first Surface Ocean Lower Atmosphere Study (SOLAS) Summer School...

Progress report 2003 - coal; Rapport d'activite 2003 - charbon

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2004-07-01

This report presents the activities of the Group ''Charbonnages de France'' in 2003. The administration council is detailed in the new structure and organization. It concerns also the end of the industrial activities, the social policy, the mine sites remediation, the industrialization of mine regions, the financial results and key data. (A.L.B.)

SOLID WASTE INTEGRATED FORECAST TECHNICAL (SWIFT) REPORT FY2003 THRU FY2046 VERSION 2003.1 VOLUME 2 [SEC 1 & 2

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

BARCOT, R.A.

2003-12-01

This report includes data requested on September 10, 2002 and includes radioactive solid waste forecasting updates through December 31, 2002. The FY2003.0 request is the primary forecast for fiscal year FY 2003.

Health Physics Enrollments and Degrees Survey, 2003 Data

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education

2004-01-01

The survey includes degrees granted between September 1, 2002 and August 31, 2003. Enrollment information refers to the fall term 2003. Thirty-four academic programs at 33 different institutions were included in the survey universe with all responding (100% response rate). Several of the programs did not have any degrees awarded during the time period. Two programs included in the 2002 survey were either discontinued or out-of-scope and not included in 2003 survey

Acuerdos Científicos Comparados entre Investigadores de Ciencias Sociales y Naturales Categorizados del PRONII 2011/13 de Paraguay

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Norma Coppari

2017-01-01

Full Text Available Se presenta un estudiosobre los acuerdos científicos a los que adhieren los investigadores naturales y sociales paraguayos, en el que participan 183 cientificos categorizados por el PRONII/CONACYT de Paraguay en sus convocatorias de 2011, n1=251, y 2013, n2=347. Se aplicó una encuesta con recordación asistida sobre 4 reglas o acuerdos. El diseño es descriptivo, de corte transversal, con análisis cuantitativo. El 82% de la muestra reconoce acuerdos científicos, 8% no los admite y 10% duda de su existencia. Al solicitar que mencionen dichos acuerdos, 77% nombra al menos uno, 5% no los recuerda y 18% niega su existencia. Con la técnica de recordación asistida, 85% reconoce la inteligibilidad del mundo, 96% la actitud crítica, 95% la aptitud metodológica y la comunicación abierta.

Telekommunikatsiooni TOP aastal 2003

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

2004-01-01

Telekommunikatsiooni TOP aastal 2003. Käibe TOP 10. Käibe kasvu TOP 10. Rentaabluse TOP 10. Kasumi TOP 10. Kasumi kasvu TOP 10. Omakapitali tootlikkuse TOP 10. Telekommunikatsioonifirmade üldandmed. Telekommunikatsioonifirmade finantsandmed

Greenhouse gas emissions in Europe: a retrospective trend analysis for the period 1990-2008

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Borgan, A.; Gugele, B.; Haider, S. (Umweltbundesamt, Vienna (Austria)) (and others)

2011-10-15

This report presents a retrospective overview of the greenhouse gas (GHG) emission trends in Europe from 1990 to 2008, with a particular focus on the underpinning drivers and the influence of EU policies. The analysis is based on the combination of decomposition analyses to identify the respective influence of each identified driver and an overview of the main EU policies and their likely effects on these drivers. The period covered by the analysis stops in 2008. As a result, the analysis avoids the effects of the recent economic crisis on GHG emissions. This reinforces the conclusion on long-term emission drivers. The report covers the EU-27 and presents results for the other EEA member countries (Iceland, Liechtenstein, Norway, Switzerland and Turkey) and Croatia (EU candidate country together with Turkey) as far as data is available. The results can be summarized as: 1) Overall GHG emission trends. EU GHG emissions were reduced between 1990 and 2008. Most of the reductions took place in the 1990s, but emissions have also been decreasing every year from 2003 until the last year considered in this report, 2008. 2) Predominant drivers. For the most part, the GHG emission trends observed in the EU between 1990 and 2008 resulted from economic factors. However, EU policies, some of which were not directly targeting GHG emissions, as well as national policies by some front runner countries, also played a role in these trends. 3) Impacts of EU policies. Between 2000 and 2008, emission trends were more directly targeted by a range of energy and climate policies, e.g. the implementation of the European Climate Change programme. However, the steady increase in energy demand during this period - particularly electricity - outweighed the considerable EU-wide savings generated by energy efficiency improvements and the development of renewable energy. 4) Co-benefits. Taking example from the positive benefits on GHG emissions that resulted from the implementation of non

Cellodextrin utilization by bifidobacterium breve UCC2003.

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Pokusaeva, K.; Motherway, M.O.; Zomer, A.L.; Macsharry, J.; Fitzgerald, G.F.; Sinderen, D. van

2011-01-01

Cellodextrins, the incomplete hydrolysis products from insoluble cellulose, are accessible as a carbon source to certain members of the human gut microbiota, such as Bifidobacterium breve UCC2003. Transcription of the cldEFGC gene cluster of B. breve UCC2003 was shown to be induced upon growth on

2003. aasta logistikateo tegi DFDC Transport / Rivo Sarapik

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

Sarapik, Rivo, 1981-

2004-01-01

Eesti Konverentsikeskuse ja Eesti Logistikaühingu poolt korraldatava konkursi Logistikategu 2003 tulemustest. Lisa: Logistikategu 2003 Suur Auhind - DFDC Transport AS. Vt. samas: Suur auhind: DFDC Transport - uus logistikakeskus Laagris

Uso de Facebook como herramienta en la enseñanza del área de Naturales en el Grado Undécimo de Educación Media Vocacional

OpenAIRE

Barajas Meneses, Fabiola; Álvarez Morán, Cristina

2013-01-01

Estudio realizado con objeto de determinar el impacto del Facebook en el proceso enseñanza-aprendizaje del área de Ciencias Naturales en el Grado Undécimo de Educación Media Vocacional. Se partió de un diseño cuasiexperimental. La implementación del curso de Biología en Facebook se tomó como la variable independiente y el impacto que tuvo en los estudiantes el curso implementado, como la variable dependiente. Algunas conclusiones fueron: la red social Facebook apoya el proceso ped...

El género Elaphocera Gené, 1836 (Coleoptera, Melolonthidae, Pachydeminae: revisión de las series tipo de las colecciones del Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales (Madrid, España

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Alonso-Zarazaga, M. A.

1998-12-01

Full Text Available Melolontha emarginata Gyllenhal, 1817 is designated as the type species of Elaphocerida Reitter, 1902. The type specimens of the species of genus Elaphocera Gené, 1836, from the entomological collections of Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales (Madrid, Spain, are studied. Lectotypes are designated for species Elaphocera (Elaphocerida ampla Báguena, 1955, Elaphocerida segurensis Escalera, 1923, Elaphocerida pygmaea Escalera, 1923 and Elaphocera (Elaphocerida torressalai Báguena, 1955. The type material of the following species is also revised: Elaphocera pardoi Escalera, 1931, Elaphocera (Elaphocerida ibicensis Escalera, 1926, Elaphocerida abdelkrimi Escalera, 1934 and Elaphocera baguenae Mancini, 1926.En este trabajo se designa Melolontha emarginata Gyllenhal, 1817 como la especie tipo de Elaphocerida Reitter, 1902. Se revisan las series típicas de las especies del género Elaphocera Gené, 1836 conservadas en las colecciones de Entomología del Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales (Madrid, España. Se designan los lectotipos de Elaphocera (Elaphocerida ampla Báguena, 1955, Elaphocerida segurensis Escalera, 1923, Elaphocerida pygmaea Escalera, 1923 y Elaphocera (Elaphocerida torressalai Báguena, 1955. Además, se proporcionan nuevos datos sobre el material típico de las especies Elaphocera pardoi Escalera, 1931, Elaphocera (Elaphocerida ibicensis Escalera, 1926, Elaphocerida abdelkrimi Escalera, 1934 y Elaphocera baguenae Mancini, 1926, conservado en estas colecciones.

CROATIAN FISHERY IN 2003 YEAR

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Irena Jahutka

2004-12-01

Full Text Available This work deals with the analysis and sublimation of all the relevant informations regarding fisheries in Republic of Croatia. This means that there were processed data about freshwater fisheries (farming of freshwater fish and other aquatic organisms, commercial and sports fisheries, marine fisheries (mariculture, commercial fisheries, small–scale fisheries and processing of fish products, import and export of fish and fish products as well as the financial subventions regarding fisheries. The farming of freshwater fish in 2003 is marked by the decrease of production comparing to the past 5 years. Carp is furthermore the most dominant fish species in freshwater fish farming, but it’s percentage is decreasing, and the percentage of the trout is increasing over the years. In addition to the decrease of production, the areas of production are decreasing as well, and now they are the smallest in the past decade — 6,281.97 ha. In 2003 the amount of used food is also decreased, but the amount of used fertilizers and lime is increased, that means it is the biggest in the past decade. This is caused by the bad climate conditions during the summer. Marine fisheries farming (mariculture in 2003 is in a slightly better position then the freshwater fish farming. The production of white fish species, which was reached before few years, is not changing — 2,510 tons, also the farming of oysters is stagnating, but in the past few years the farming of mussels and tuna fish is increasing. The total marine fish catch is 29,102 tons and it is performed over 34,000 km2, comparing to the 2002 it is increased by almost 49.24%. Additional to the increase of the total catch the number of commercial fishermen and fishing vessels is also increased. The number of fisherman which fish for their own consumption without the right to sell fish, that means the small–scale fishermen in 2003 is 13,500. The production of fish and fish products in 2003 is 19,000 tons

Oceanographic profile temperature, salinity, and meteorology measurements collected using MRB from moored buoy in the Tropical Indian Ocean from 2003-2008 (NODC Accession 0046088)

Data.gov (United States)

National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Department of Commerce — Research Moored Array for African-Asian-Australian Monsoon Analysis and Prediction (RAMA) array July 1993 - September 2008. RAMA is a new observational network...

El valor de la experimentación en la enseñanza de las ciencias naturales. el taller de ciencias para niños de la sede del atlántico de la universidad de costa rica: una experiencia para compartir

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

María Elena Arce Urbina

2002-01-01

Full Text Available Desde el año 1997, se viene desarrollando en la Sede del Atlántico de la Universidad de Costa Rica, el proyecto didáctico-recreativo denominado “Taller de Ciencias para Niños de Segundo Ciclo”, el cual tiene como objetivo principal, permitir el acercamiento de los niños y de las niñas a un sistema diferente de enseñanza de las ciencias naturales, a través de un método más atrayente y efectivo, basado en la experimentación. Se parte del principio de que es en ciencias como la Biología, la Química y la Física, en donde encontramos las respuestas a una gran cantidad de inquietudes, que surgen cuando observamos los diferentes fenómenos que ocurren a nuestro alrededor. Por esto pensamos que no debe limitarse la enseñanza de las ciencias naturales a la pizarra o al dictado. En este artículo se comparten algunos de los logros alcanzados en estos años de trabajo en el taller, así como la opinión de los padres y madres de los niños participantes. Además, se incluyen los resultados de una encuesta realizada en el año 2000, a maestros y maestras de la ciudad de Turrialba, para conocer su opinión sobre si es importante o no la realización de experimentos en las clases de ciencias naturales

Nomenclatural notes on the Eurytomids (Chalcidoidea: Eurytomidae) described by Jean Brèthes housed in Museo Argentino de Ciencias Naturales "Bernardino Rivadavia".

Science.gov (United States)

Gates, Michael W

2014-04-16

Ten Eurytomidae (Hymenoptera) parasitic wasp species described by Jean Brèthes and deposited in the Museo Argentino de Ciencias Naturales in Buenos Aires are treated and their nomenclature stabilized. The condition of the type material is described. Lectotypes are designated for Decatoma cecidosiphaga Brèthes, Prodecatoma parodii Brèthes, Eudecatoma opposita Brèthes, and Eurytoma caridei Brèthes. One new generic synonymy, Xanthosomodes Brèthes with Tetramesa Walker, n. syn., and five new combinations are proposed: Tetramesa albiangulata (Brèthes), n. comb.; Phylloxeroxenus caridei (Brèthes), n. comb.; Aximopsis vulgata (Brèthes), n. comb.; Proseurytoma parodii (Brèthes), n. comb.; and Bruchophagus opposita (Brèthes), n. comb. Sycophila paranensis Brèthes is declared incertae sedis.

Nuclear Engineering Academic Programs Survey, 2003

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Science and Engineering Education, Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education

2004-01-01

The survey includes degrees granted between September 1, 2002 and August 31, 2003. Thirty-three academic programs reported having nuclear engineering programs during the survey time period and all responded (100% response rate). Three of the programs included in last year's report were discontinued or out-of-scope in 2003. One new program has been added to the list. This year the survey data include U.S. citizenship, gender, and race/ethnicity by degree level

Availability, Access, and Characteristics of the Theses in the Facultad de Ingeniería and the Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales of the Universidad de Buenos Aires

OpenAIRE

Plaza, María Alejandra

2001-01-01

Se intenta reflejar la disponibilidad de las tesis y trabajos equivalentes para acceder a títulos de grado y de postgrado en las Facultades de Ingeniería y de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales de la Universidad de Buenos Aires (UBA), así como las posibilidades de acceso a dichos documentos. Se analizan algunas características particulares de las tesis presentadas en las mencionadas facultades, como una aproximación a las conductas informativas de ingenieros y científicos = The availability of the...

Polar-night O3, NO2 and NO3 distributions during sudden stratospheric warmings in 2003–2008 as seen by GOMOS/Envisat

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

E. Kyrölä

2012-01-01

Full Text Available Sudden stratospheric warmings (SSW are large-scale transient events, which have a profound effect on the Northern Hemisphere stratospheric circulation in winter. During the SSW events the temperature in stratosphere increases by several tens of Kelvins and zonal winds decelerate or reverse in direction. Changes in temperature and dynamics significantly affect the chemical composition of the middle atmosphere. In this paper, the response of the middle-atmosphere trace gases during several sudden stratospheric warmings in 2003–2008 is investigated using measurements from the GOMOS (Global Ozone Monitoring by Occultation of Stars instrument on board the Envisat satellite. We have analyzed spatial and temporal changes of NO2 and NO3 in the stratosphere, and of ozone in the whole middle atmosphere. To facilitate our analyses, we have used the temperature profiles data from the MLS (Microwave Limb Sounder instrument on board the Aura satellite, as well as simulations by the FinROSE chemistry-transport model and the Sodankylä Ion and Neutral Chemistry model (SIC. NO3 observations in the polar winter stratosphere during SSWs are reported for the first time. Changes in chemical composition are found not to be restricted to the stratosphere, but to extend to mesosphere and lower thermosphere. They often exhibit a complicated structure, because the distribution of trace gases is affected by changes in both chemistry and dynamics. The tertiary ozone maximum in the mesosphere often disappears with the onset of SSW, probably because of strong mixing processes. The strong horizontal mixing with outside-vortex air is well observed also in NO2 data, especially in cases of enhanced NO2 inside the polar vortex before SSW. Almost in all of the considered events, ozone near the secondary maximum decreases with onset of SSW. In both experimental data and FinROSE modelling, ozone changes are positively correlated with temperature changes in the lower stratosphere

Measuring change in health care equity using small-area administrative data - evidence from the English NHS 2001-2008.

Science.gov (United States)

Cookson, Richard; Laudicella, Mauro; Donni, Paolo Li

2012-10-01

This study developed a method for measuring change in socio-economic equity in health care utilisation using small-area level administrative data. Our method provides more detailed information on utilisation than survey data but only examines socio-economic differences between neighbourhoods rather than individuals. The context was the English NHS from 2001 to 2008, a period of accelerated expenditure growth and pro-competition reform. Hospital records for all adults receiving non-emergency hospital care in the English NHS from 2001 to 2008 were aggregated to 32,482 English small areas with mean population about 1500 and combined with other small-area administrative data. Regression models of utilisation were used to examine year-on-year change in the small-area association between deprivation and utilisation, allowing for population size, age-sex composition and disease prevalence including (from 2003 to 2008) cancer, chronic kidney disease, coronary heart disease, diabetes, epilepsy, hypertension, hypothyroidism, stroke, transient ischaemic attack and (from 2006 to 2008) atrial fibrillation, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, obesity and heart failure. There was no substantial change in small-area associations between deprivation and utilisation for outpatient visits, hip replacement, senile cataract, gastroscopy or coronary revascularisation, though overall non-emergency inpatient admissions rose slightly faster in more deprived areas than elsewhere. Associations between deprivation and disease prevalence changed little during the period, indicating that observed need did not grow faster in more deprived areas than elsewhere. We conclude that there was no substantial deterioration in socio-economic equity in health care utilisation in the English NHS from 2001 to 2008, and if anything, there may have been a slight improvement. Copyright © 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Instant migration from Windows Server 2008 and 2008 R2 to 2012 how-to

CERN Document Server

Sivarajan, Santhosh

2013-01-01

Presented in a hands-on reference manual style, with real-world scenarios to lead you through each process. This book is intended for Windows server administrators who are performing migrations from their existing Windows Server 2008 / 2008 R2 environment to Windows Server 2012. The reader must be familiar with Windows Server 2008.

Nuclear Safety Review for the Year 2003

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

2004-08-01

The Nuclear Safety Review reports on worldwide efforts to strengthen nuclear, radiation and transport safety and the safety of radioactive waste management. In line with the suggestions made by the Board of Governors in March 2002, the first part is more analytical and less descriptive. This short analytical overview is supported by a second part, which describes significant safety related events and issues worldwide during 2003. A Draft Nuclear Safety Review for the Year 2003 was submitted to the March 2004 session of the Board of Governors in document GOV/2004/3. The final version of the Nuclear Safety Review for the Year 2003 was prepared in the light of the discussion by the Board.

Scientific Report 2003

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

2004-01-01

The annual scientific report gives an overview of the R and D activities at the Belgian Nuclear Research Centre SCK-CEN in 2003. The report discusses progress and main achievements in the following areas: reactor safety, radioactive waste and clean-up, radiation protection, the BR2 reactor, nuclear research and society, managing nuclear knowledge, and fusion research

Scientific Report 2003

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2004-01-01

The annual scientific report gives an overview of the R and D activities at the Belgian Nuclear Research Centre SCK-CEN in 2003. The report discusses progress and main achievements in the following areas: reactor safety, radioactive waste and clean-up, radiation protection, the BR2 reactor, nuclear research and society, managing nuclear knowledge, and fusion research.

47 CFR 32.2003 - Telecommunications plant under construction.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-10-01

... 47 Telecommunication 2 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Telecommunications plant under construction. 32.2003 Section 32.2003 Telecommunication FEDERAL COMMUNICATIONS COMMISSION (CONTINUED) COMMON CARRIER SERVICES UNIFORM SYSTEM OF ACCOUNTS FOR TELECOMMUNICATIONS COMPANIES Instructions for Balance Sheet...

Resultados de la catalogación de los Scarabaeoidea Laparosticti (Insecta, Coleoptera coprófagos de Marruecos y el Sáhara Occidental conservados en las colecciones del Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Romero Samper, J.

2011-06-01

Full Text Available We offer a species list containing the 120 dung beetle species from Morocco and Western Sahara (families Aphodiidae, Geotrupidae and Scarabaeidae, deposited in the Entomological collection of the Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales (Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas.We also include several maps showing the collection sites and a brief historical summary about the collectors and the origin of the specimens, examining their temporal evolution and analyzing their representativeness compared with the catalogue of species belonging to this group known from Morocco.

Se ofrece el listado pormenorizado de las 120 especies de Scarabaeoidea coprófagos de Marruecos y el Sáhara Occidental (familias Aphodiidae, Geotrupidae y Scarabaeidae, depositadas en la colección de Entomología del Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales de Madrid (Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, resultado de la catalogación del material presente en esta institución. Asimismo, se aportan mapas con la localización de dichos registros y se realiza un breve resumen histórico de los colectores y la procedencia de este material, examinando su evolución temporal y analizando la representatividad del mismo respecto al catálogo de especies conocidas de Marruecos para este grupo.

Cellodextrin utilization by bifidobacterium breve UCC2003.

Science.gov (United States)

Pokusaeva, Karina; O'Connell-Motherway, Mary; Zomer, Aldert; Macsharry, John; Fitzgerald, Gerald F; van Sinderen, Douwe

2011-03-01

Cellodextrins, the incomplete hydrolysis products from insoluble cellulose, are accessible as a carbon source to certain members of the human gut microbiota, such as Bifidobacterium breve UCC2003. Transcription of the cldEFGC gene cluster of B. breve UCC2003 was shown to be induced upon growth on cellodextrins, implicating this cluster in the metabolism of these sugars. Phenotypic analysis of a B. breve UCC2003::cldE insertion mutant confirmed that the cld gene cluster is exclusively required for cellodextrin utilization by this commensal. Moreover, our results suggest that transcription of the cld cluster is controlled by a LacI-type regulator encoded by cldR, located immediately upstream of cldE. Gel mobility shift assays using purified CldR(His) (produced by the incorporation of a His(12)-encoding sequence into the 3' end of the cldC gene) indicate that the cldEFGC promoter is subject to negative control by CldR(His), which binds to two inverted repeats. Analysis by high-performance anion-exchange chromatography with pulsed amperometric detection (HPAEC-PAD) of medium samples obtained during growth of B. breve UCC2003 on a mixture of cellodextrins revealed its ability to utilize cellobiose, cellotriose, cellotetraose, and cellopentaose, with cellotriose apparently representing the preferred substrate. The cldC gene of the cld operon of B. breve UCC2003 is, to the best of our knowledge, the first described bifidobacterial β-glucosidase exhibiting hydrolytic activity toward various cellodextrins.

Contributions of processed foods to dietary intake in the US from 2003-2008: a report of the Food and Nutrition Science Solutions Joint Task Force of the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics, American Society for Nutrition, Institute of Food Technologists, and International Food Information Council.

Science.gov (United States)

Eicher-Miller, Heather A; Fulgoni, Victor L; Keast, Debra R

2012-11-01

Processed foods are an integral part of American diets, but a comparison of the nutrient contribution of foods by level of processing with the recommendations of the Dietary Guidelines for Americans regarding nutrients to encourage or to reduce has not been documented. The mean reported daily dietary intakes of these nutrients and other components were examined among 25,351 participants ≥2 y of age in the 2003-2008 NHANES to determine the contribution of processed food to total intakes. Also examined was the percent contribution of each nutrient to the total reported daily nutrient intake for each of the 5 categories of food that were defined by the level of processing. All processing levels contributed to nutrient intakes, and none of the levels contributed solely to nutrients to be encouraged or solely to food components to be reduced. The processing level was a minor determinant of individual foods' nutrient contribution to the diet and, therefore, should not be a primary factor when selecting a balanced diet.

Annual Report 2008

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Keeley, N; Skalski, J [The Andrzej Soltan Institute for Nuclear Studies, Swierk-Otwock (Poland)

2009-07-01

The ''Annual Report 2008'' describes activities of Andrzej Soltan Institute for Nuclear Studies in 2008. Report consists of two parts. First one consists of general information about location, management, scientific council, personnel, financial support and conferences while the second one describes the scientific activity of Institute. A Foreword to all report written by Director of the Institute prof. Grzegorz Wrochna is also given.

Annual Report 2008

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Keeley, N.; Skalski, J.

2009-01-01

The ''Annual Report 2008'' describes activities of Andrzej Soltan Institute for Nuclear Studies in 2008. Report consists of two parts. First one consists of general information about location, management, scientific council, personnel, financial support and conferences while the second one describes the scientific activity of Institute. A Foreword to all report written by Director of the Institute prof. Grzegorz Wrochna is also given

A study of energy efficiency of transport sector in China from 2003 to 2009

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Chung, William; Zhou, Guanghui; Yeung, Iris M.H.

2013-01-01

Highlights: • The activity effect accounts for 98.05% increase in energy use. • Only Eastern’s structural effect contributes energy savings. • Intensity effect contributes energy saving in −4.24% of total energy changes. • Energy-mix effect is insignificant. - Abstract: As one of the three high-energy consumption sectors (industry, building, and transportation) in China, the transport sector faced a devastating resource and environment challenge. The transport sector was reportedly responsible for about 15.9% of the country’s total final energy consumption in 2008. This paper investigates the energy consumption and efficiency of China’s transport sector from 2003 to 2009. The transport energy data of 30 China administrative regions were divided into “three-belts” (Eastern, Western, and Central areas), and the corresponding turnovers were reported and analyzed using an index decomposition analysis (Logarithmic Mean Divisia Index). The energy data and turnover of the transport sector indicated that the high growth rate of turnover results is attributed to the high growth rate of diesel, assuming that diesel is the major fuel for freight transport. The growth of diesel is the main contributor to the overall growth of energy consumption. The growth rate of gasoline has become minimal since 2006. Since 2005, all three-belt areas, with regard to the effectiveness of energy conservation policies, have continuously improved their energy efficiencies based on the results of decomposition analysis. The energy intensity effect shows that the energy conservation and efficiency policies were more effective in the Central and Western areas than that in the Eastern area. On the other hand, the regional shift effect indicates that the policies favor to the Eastern area since only its regional shift effect contributes energy savings since 2008. The energy-mix effect is insignificant, which indicates that it is not necessary to conduct CO 2 emission decomposition

The VAEC - Annual report for 2003

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Vuong Huu Tan; Le Van Hong; Nguyen Hoang Anh; Trinh Dang Hieu; Nguyen Trong Trang; Dang Thi Hong

2004-08-01

The VAEC Annual Report for 2003 has been prepared as an account of works carried out at the Vietnam Atomic Energy Commission (VAEC) for the year 2003. The Report contains mains results from the VAEC's activities of research and development in following fields: nuclear physics, reactor physics and nuclear energy, nuclear methods, nuclear medicine and radioisotope production, radiation protection and radioactive waste management, ecology and environment, biotechnology and agriculture, radiation technology, radiochemistry and materials sciences, computation and other topics. (NHA)

El cambio de clase en vela infantil y juvenil: estudios desde 2003 hasta 2013

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Jordi Renom Pinsach

2014-09-01

Full Text Available Este trabajo presenta las principales conclusiones del Programa de tutorización para el cambio de clase (PTCC iniciado por la Federación Catalana de Vela (FCV en el 2001. Se trata de un proyecto inédito a nivel internacional, que pretende conocer e incidir en la mejora continua del paso de los regatistas infantiles a las clases juveniles. En vela de competición, el tiempo final en la clase Optimist, la elección de una nueva clase y las primeras experiencias en la escogida son momentos clave de la vida deportiva de los regatistas. Después de un periodo piloto, en el 2003 se inició un proceso de 10 años durante el que se han llevado a cabo tres estudios (2003, 2008 y 2013 de seguimiento e intervención de las flotas infantiles y juveniles de la FCV. Mediante cuestionarios creados para este proyecto se han recogido impresiones de 370 regatistas infantiles, 231 juveniles y de 170 padres y madres. Vista la extensión de los resultados, el artículo se centra en las tendencias que más informan sobre la evolución de los regatistas, especialmente en el estudio de 2013, a la vez que presenta el PTCC como un posible modelo para el seguimiento de flotas aplicable a otras organizaciones relacionadas con la vela de competición.

Slovensky plynarensky priemysel. Annual report 2003

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

2004-01-01

This Annual Report contains the review of the results of the joint stock company Slovensky plynarensky priemysel (SPP - Slovak Gas Industry) in relation to the year 2003. This report contains the following headings: (1) Statement by the Chairman of the Board of Directors; (2) Statement by the General Director; (3) ProgRes SPP - Profile of Changes; (4) Organisational Chart applicable since 1-st January 2004; (5) Board of Directors; (6) Supervisory Board; (7) Executive Management; (8) Business Activities; (9) Economic and Financial Highlights; (10) Capital Structure of Financial Sources Covering Assets; (11) Purchase of Natural Gas; (12) Sales of Natural Gas; (13) Marketing Activities and Customer Care; (14) Domestic Transmission and Distribution of Natural Gas; (15) International Transmission of Natural Gas; (16) Human Resources; (17) Equity Holdings; (18) 2003 Summary Results and Auditor's Report; (19) Environmental Protection; (20) Charity, Sponsoring; (21) Selected data from consolidated international financial statements for the year ended 31 December 2003 and Independent Auditor's Report

Editors' message--Hydrogeology Journal in 2003

Science.gov (United States)

Voss, Clifford; Olcott, Perry; Schneider, Robert

2004-01-01

Hydrogeology Journal appeared in six issues containing a total of 710 pages and 48 major articles, including 31 Papers and 14 Reports, as well as some Technical Notes and Book Reviews. The number of submitted manuscripts continues to increase. The final issue of 2003 also contained the annual volume index. Hydrogeology Journal (HJ) is an international forum for hydrogeology and related disciplines and authors in 2003 were from about 28 countries. Articles advanced hydrogeologic science and described hydrogeologic systems in many regions worldwide. These articles focused on a variety of general topics and on studies of hydrogeology in 24 countries: Afghanistan, Algeria, Argentina, Australia, Bangladesh, Belgium, Canada, Chile, China, Denmark, France, India, Italy, Mexico, Netherlands, New Zealand, Nigeria, Norway, Portugal, Russia, South Africa, Switzerland, Turkey, and U.S.A. The Guest Editor of the 2003 HJ theme issue on “Hydromechanics in Geology and Geotechnics”, Ove Stephansson, assembled a valuable collection of technical reviews and research papers from eminent authors on important aspects of the subject area.

Radiological protection report 2008; Strahlenschutzbericht 2008

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2009-05-15

This annual report issued by the Swiss Federal Nuclear Inspectorate (ENSI) reports on the work carried out by ENSI in 2008. It provides comprehensive data on radiation protection activities in Switzerland during the year 2008. The first section of the report provides comprehensive data on radiation protection and deals with exposure rates for personnel and individual jobs. The authors note that, in recent years, both collective doses and average individual doses have declined by a factor of two. Radiation doses are commented on as being significantly lower than the maximum annual limit for persons exposed to radiation in the course of their work. Radiation in the four Swiss nuclear power stations and in four further nuclear installations in various Swiss research facilities is commented on. The Swiss radiation measurement network is commented on and the results obtained are discussed. ENSI concludes that the new recommendations published by the International Commission on Radiological Protection (ICRP 103) did not necessitate any significant changes in its surveillance activities.

Kilauea's double eruption, 2008-2016: volatile budget and associated hazards

Science.gov (United States)

Sutton, A. J.; Elias, T.

2016-12-01

After 20 years of effusive behavior on Kilauea's East Rift Zone, a surge in magma supply brought about eruptive changes that significantly improved our understanding of volcanic processes and associated hazards. The volcano's summit deformation changes and increase in CO2 emissions signaled the supply surge beginning in 2003, and heralded the opening of the Overlook Vent in 2008. Along with the supply surge and vent opening came a dramatic spike in gas release. Summit SO2 emissions climbed from 0.2 kt/d to over 10 kt/d while East Rift discharge rose from 2 kt/d to about 6 kt/d before both summit and rift emissions began an overall decline in late 2008. In spite of the emissions decline, however, overall gas release from Kilauea remained well above the previous 20-year average through early 2014. Beginning in 2008, the annual gas budget released from the summit and rift combined, was more than 830 kt, 6.7 kt, and 3.7 kt of SO2, HCl, and HF, respectively. Effects of these elevated emissions sustained ongoing human health concerns and caused a multi-year agricultural disaster designation for the Island. The current activity of Kīlauea consists of a predominant summit gas eruption (where lava and ash discharge are trivial compared to gas release) and a more typical rift lava eruption with sufficient lava effusion to reach a community 20 km from the eruptive vent. An updated gas-based lava effusion estimate shows that Kilauea continued to erupt an average of 0.11 km^3 yr^-1 of dense rock equivalent lava between early 2012 and mid-2016. This value shows that despite the new regime of erupting most of its gas budget at the volcano's summit, the Kilauea system is still capable of pushing magma out of its rift at a rate consistent with the long term average.

CSIR Technology Impact 2003

CSIR Research Space (South Africa)

CSIR

2003-01-01

Full Text Available This issue of Technology Impact offers a brief snapshot of CSIR activities during the year under review (1 March 2002 - 28 February 2003) by highlighting a number of innovative projects and initiatives in various CSIR business units....

LEGO Koncern 2000 - 2003 - en årsagsanalyse

OpenAIRE

Rosenberg, Morten; Özbudak, Devrim; Møller, Mads; Herneth, Daniel

2006-01-01

Denne rapport omhandler LEGO Koncernens økonomiske krise i årene 2000-2003. Vores videnskabsteoretiske er Kritisk realisme og vi bruger i projektet; en regnskabsanalyse, komparativ rapport og en PEST-analyse Denne rapport omhandler LEGO Koncernens økonomiske krise i årene 2000-2003. Vores videnskabsteoretiske er Kritisk realisme og vi bruger i projektet; en regnskabsanalyse, komparativ rapport og en PEST-analyse

Evaluación del establecimiento de Leucaena leucocephala cv. Cunningham en una finca ganadera del municipio de Perico, Matanzas, Cuba

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Katia Bover

Full Text Available El objetivo de este trabajo fue evaluar el establecimiento de Leucaena leucocephala cv. Cunningham en una finca de la cooperativa de créditos y servicios (CCS Ramón Rodríguez Milián, del municipio de Perico. Se trabajó en un área de 6 ha, dividida en cinco cuartones, y se realizó una preparación en franjas de 2 m de ancho. Se determinó la supervivencia después del trasplante, la altura, el número de ramas y la composición florística del pastizal; así como el efecto de las labores de limpieza y el daño causado por los animales en la altura. Se aplicó un análisis de varianza y los datos se procesaron con el paquete estadístico SPSS® versión 10.0 para Windows XP. La supervivencia de las plantas fue de 98 %; la labor de limpieza tuvo un efecto positivo en el crecimiento, mientras que la defoliación de la planta por los animales afectó el establecimiento. La población de pastos naturales (jiribilla y pitilla se mantuvo alrededor de 66 % y la de las principales leguminosas volubles (teramnus, glycine y siratro disminuyó de 12 % en el tercer mes después de realizado el trasplante, a 6 % en el decimoquinto mes. El sistema se consideró establecido cuando las plantas sobrepasaron los 2 m de altura. Se concluye que la labor de limpieza influyó positivamente en el comportamiento de la altura y el establecimiento de L. leucocephala, mientras que las defoliaciones causadas por los animales lo retrasaron.

Regional Capital Inputs in Chinese Industry and Manufacturing, 1978-2003

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Wang, Lili; Szirmai, Adam

2008-01-01

This paper provides new estimates of capital inputs in the Chinese economy. Estimates are made for the total economy (1953-2003), for the industrial sector (1978-2003) and for the manufacturing sector (1985-2003). The estimates for industry and manufacturing are broken down by thirty regions. The

Energy report 2003; L'energie electrique en France en 2003

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2003-07-01

Provisional results of power flows on the French power system in 2003: net generation; national consumption; physical exchanges with foreign countries (total of instantaneous exchange balances measured by metering on each interconnection lines); adjusted consumption (values adjusted for climatic contingencies and leap years); electrical energy balance in France in 2003; noteworthy data for the year 2003 (these values reflect all of the flows on the RTE network, as well as generation auto-consumed by the industrial consumers connected to this network); electricity market: contractual exchanges with foreign countries, base load blocks exchanged between balance responsible entities; power facilities (situation on 2003/12/31); generating facilities connected to the RTE network during the year: connection to the RTE network of two cogeneration units in Haute Normandie region, and of three household waste incineration plants in Picardie, Haute Normandie and Languedoc-Roussillon regions representing a total capacity of 285.5 MW, increase in capacity of the two units of the Chooz B nuclear power plant in the Ardennes (total increase of 90 MW), to be noted that the total France includes in particular the connection of wind farms on distribution networks for a total capacity of 80 MW; main RTE facilities commissioned during the year: 22 new substations connected to the RTE network, 4 of them at 225 kV (Amfard, Bouscat, Braek, Volvon), 6 of them at 90 kV and 12 of them at 63 kV; at 400 kV, 130 km of new or replaced circuits (together with the removal of 30 km of network lines), of which: circuit 4 and 5 of Tavel-Tricastin line in order to increase the transit capacity between the Rhone-Alpes region and the Languedoc-Roussillon and Provence-Alpes-Cote d'Azur regions; Chevalet-Gavrelle line, after the modification of the previous line to a dual circuit, in order to cover quality and security of supply requirements for the Somme and Pas-de-Calais departments, at 225 kV, 200

Teatriankeet 2007/2008

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

2008-01-01

Teatrihooaega 2007/2008 hindavad teatrikriitikud, -loolased, -uurijad. Nimetatud ka parimad lavastused 2007/2008 - A. H. Tammsaare / Urmas Lennuk "Wargamäe Wabariik" (Tallinna Linnateater, lav. Elmo Nüganen), Tiit Ojasoo ja Ene-Liis Semper "Ruja" (Vanemuine, lav. Tiit Ojasoo), Veljo Tormis "Eesti meeste laulud" (Von Krahli Teater ja Nargen Opera, lav. Peeter Jalaks, muusikaline juht Tõnu Kaljuste), Anton Tshehhov "Kajakas" (Endla, lav. Andres Noormets)

[Measles in Poland in 2003].

Science.gov (United States)

Stefanoff, Paweł; Czarkowski, Mirosław P

2005-01-01

In Poland 48 measles cases were registered in 2003 (0.13 per 100,000 population)--of which 65% were cases imported from Chechnya and Afghanistan. Measles outbreaks occurred in 3 centers for immigrants. In total, 31 cases were reported, of which 96.8% were unvaccinated, and 93.5% were under 15 years of age. Of 17 local cases, 5 (29.4%) cases occurred in unvaccinated persons, 3 (17.6%) in persons vaccinated with one dose and 7 (41.2%) in those vaccinated with two doses of measles vaccine (administered at the age of 13-15 months and 7 years). Among 12 vaccinated cases only one 2-year old child was recently vaccinated. The remaining cases were in the 3-7 and 10-24 age ranges. The most affected were infants (incidence 0.57 per 100,000), 1-year old (0.28) and 2-year old children (incidence 0.27). Cases among adolescents and adults over 15 years of age increased from 23.5% in 2002 to 47.1% in 2003. The increasing age of locally-acquired cases, together with constantly high immunization coverage indicates high effectiveness of vaccinations in Poland. Out of all reported cases 13 (38%) were hospitalized. There were no deaths due to measles in Poland in 2003. Poland participates in the WHO Measles Elimination Strategy. Presently, the most important is the maintenance of a sensitive and timely surveillance of measles and measles-compatible cases, with serologic confirmation of one rash-like illness per 100 000 population. The performance of the surveillance system is insufficient with only 55 measles-compatible cases reported in 2003 (15% of expected reports). Serologic confirmation of cases was also insufficient, with 22 cases (40.0%) confirmed by IgM ELISA test. These results indicate the need to maintain the high immunisation coverage and improve measles surveillance system.

ESTADOS DE ÁNIMO Y JUICIOS DE AUTOCONCEPTO EN UNIVERSITARIOS: ANÁLISIS DESDE UN ABORDAJE BASADO EN REDES SEMÁNTICAS NATURALES

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Pablo Ezequiel Flores Kanter

2014-01-01

Full Text Available Dentro del estudio de la percepción del sí mismo se han desarrollado investigaciones que intentan observar los efectos de los estados de ánimo sobre el autoconcepto. La presente investigación sigue esta dirección, y se plantea como objetivo indagar la relación entre el estado de ánimo y los juicios de autoconcepto mediante una técnica que no ha sido utilizada en las investigaciones previas, la Técnica de Redes Semánticas Naturales (RSN. Los resultados obtenidos son coherentes con la Teoría de la Red Asociativa y el Modelo de Infusión del Afecto. De este modo, pudo observarse una congruencia entre el estado de ánimo (positivo y negativo y la definición de sí mismo (positividad y negatividad del autoconcepto.

Struttura e dinamica di popolazione del Capriolo (Capreolus capreolus nella Riserva Naturale Bosco di Vanzago

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

F. Sotti

2003-10-01

Full Text Available La ricerca effettuata sulla popolazione di Capriolo (Capreolus capreolus nella Riserva Naturale Bosco di Vanzago aveva lo scopo di approfondire le conoscenze sulla struttura e sulla dinamica di una popolazione d'ambiente planiziale che vive in condizioni del tutto peculiari: origine da un numero limitato di fondatori, isolamento, assenza di predatori naturali, elevata densità. Dal 1984 la popolazione è stata monitorata mediante censimenti in battuta e da punti di vantaggio, dai quali è stata ricavata una stima della dimensione della stessa pari a 54 individui nel 2003. La struttura di popolazione ed i parametri demografici sono stati rilevati dal 1994 anche mediante osservazioni dirette, effettuate percorrendo settimanalmente un tracciato standard finalizzato a coprire l'intera area di studio. La popolazione è risultata significativamente sbilanciata a favore delle femmine con una sex-ratio, nell'ultimo biennio, pari a 1,4 (Χ² = 49,36; g.l. = 1; P < 0,0001. La classe d'età degli adulti (maggiori di 2 anni è stata la più rappresentata (50,2%, mentre quella dei giovani la meno numerosa (23,6%. Per stimare l'andamento della popolazione nel tempo, sono stati elaborati i parametri demografici per effettuare delle simulazioni di vitalità (PVA utilizzando il software Vortex 8.21. Nonostante l'elevata densità di caprioli all'interno dell'area di studio, sia in assenza sia in presenza di depressione da inbreeding e considerando la riproduzione indipendente dalla densità, la popolazione nei successivi 30 anni non andrebbe incontro ad una diminuzione significativa del numero né della probabilità di sopravvivenza che, in entrambi i casi, si manterrebbe attorno al 99%. Nel caso in cui esistesse, invece, una correlazione tra successo riproduttivo e densità, si assisterebbe ad un sensibile decremento sia nei livelli di popolazione (inferiore alle cinque unità dopo trent'anni sia nella probabilità di sopravvivenza (ridotta al 20% dopo

Väliskaubandus, jaanuar-oktoober 2008 = Foreign trade, January-October 2008 / Riina Kerner

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

Kerner, Riina

2008-01-01

Eesti väliskaubanduse näitajatest 2008. aasta jaanuarist kuni oktoobrini: Eesti kaupade eksport oli 113,1 miljardit krooni, import 145,2 miljardit krooni, kaubavahetuse puudujääk oli 32,1 miljardit krooni. Peamisteks partnerriikideks olid 2008. aasta jaanuar-oktoober Soome, Rootsi, Venemaa ja Saksamaa. Graafikud. Tabelid

Formación de un espíritu científico en educación básica desde la enseñanza de las Ciencias Naturales

OpenAIRE

Zulman Estela Muñoz Burbano

2015-01-01

La actualidad abre un espacio para la reflexión en torno a la enseñanza de las Ciencias Naturales; situación evidente en el análisis de las prácticas pedagógicas que se centran en contenidos y no en procesos. Al respecto, se propone considerar al educador, más que al discente, como punto de partida de un proceso, que permita pasar del énfasis de las gruesas informaciones descontextualizadas a la dinámica del diálogo de saberes, y también a un acercamiento de los estudiantes al conocimiento de...

Loomade ja piima kokkuost, 2008 = Purchase of livestock and milk, 2008 / Tiiu Tamm

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

Tamm, Tiiu

2008-01-01

2008. aastal saadi lihatöötlemisettevõtete kokkuostetud 40 000 veisest 9492 tonni liha ja 406 800 seast 32 074 tonni liha, piimatöötlemisettevõtted ostsid 2008. aastal 614 290 tonni piima. Graafik. Tabel

Charbonnages de France. 2003 environment report; Charbonnages de France. Rapport environnement 2003

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2003-07-01

This annual report presents the Group ''charbonnages de France'' activities in 2003. It concerns the remediation actions, the environmental indicators, the environmental impacts of the sites activities and remediation, the management of the environmental impacts, the mine safety and the production sites management. (A.L.B.)

Risky choice with heuristics: reply to Birnbaum (2008), Johnson, Schulte-Mecklenbeck, and Willemsen (2008), and Rieger and Wang (2008).

Science.gov (United States)

Brandstätter, Eduard; Gigerenzer, Gerd; Hertwig, Ralph

2008-01-01

E. Brandstätter, G. Gigerenzer, and R. Hertwig (2006) showed that the priority heuristic matches or outperforms modifications of expected utility theory in predicting choice in 4 diverse problem sets. M. H. Birnbaum (2008) argued that sets exist in which the opposite is true. The authors agree--but stress that all choice strategies have regions of good and bad performance. The accuracy of various strategies systematically depends on choice difficulty, which the authors consider a triggering variable underlying strategy selection. Agreeing with E. J. Johnson, M. Schulte-Mecklenbeck, and M. C. Willemsen (2008) that process (not "as-if") models need to be formulated, the authors show how quantitative predictions can be derived and test them. Finally, they demonstrate that many of Birnbaum's and M. O. Rieger and M. Wang's (2008) case studies championing their preferred models involved biased tests in which the priority heuristic predicted data, whereas the parameterized models were fitted to the same data. The authors propose an adaptive toolbox approach of risky choice, according to which people first seek a no-conflict solution before resorting to conflict-resolving strategies such as the priority heuristic. (c) 2008 APA, all rights reserved

TOTAL 2003 activities report in brief

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

2004-01-01

This activities report presents the activities of the petroleum industry Group Total for the year 2003. The following topics are detailed: the corporate social responsibility with the environment stewardship, the energy future management, the safety enhancing, the human resources and the ethics and local development; the shareholder information with the Total share and the share-holding structure; the activities with informations on the Group, the main events, the upstream exploration and production,, the downstream refining, marketing, trading and shipping, the chemicals with overview 2003, base chemical and polymers, performance and specialities. (A.L.B.)

Magnetismo 2003

Science.gov (United States)

Cardús, J. O.; Curto, J. J.; Sanclement, E.; Torta, J. M.

This CD-ROM presents the digital version of the Boletin del Observatorio del Ebro Magnetismo. It contains data obtained in the Magnetic Station of the Ebre Observatory during the year 2003. The structure of the CD-ROM consists of one directory numbered with the year of the measurement. There, it could be found the bulletin as printable sheets (Year.pdf) generate with Adobe Acrobat and data files in plain ASCII text (Year.wdc) readable with any text editor. These data files were compiled according to the data exchange format recommended by the IAGA-2002.

Energy situation. January 2003

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

2003-02-01

This report makes a status of the French energy expenses, prices, production, consumption, demand, import and export since January 2000 and up to January 2003. Details are given separately for primary energy, solid mineral fuels, petroleum products, natural gas and electric power. (J.S.)

Energy situation. March 2003

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

2003-04-01

This report makes a status of the French energy expenses, prices, production, consumption, demand, import and export since January 2001 and up to March 2003. Details are given separately for primary energy, solid mineral fuels, petroleum products, natural gas and electric power. (J.S.)

Energy situation. May 2003

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

2003-06-01

This report makes a status of the French energy expenses, prices, production, consumption, demand, import and export since January 2001 and up to May 2003. Details are given separately for primary energy, solid mineral fuels, petroleum products, natural gas and electric power. (J.S.)

Annual report SNET 2003

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

2004-01-01

This annual report of the SNET (National Society of Electricity and thermic) presents the society activities and the financial report for the year 2003. The society position in the market, the environmental policy, the performance, the workers and financial data are detailed. (A.L.B.)