Evaluation of long-term antinociceptive properties of stabilized hyaluronic acid preparation (NASHA) in an animal model of repetitive joint pain

Science.gov (United States)

2011-01-01

Introduction Clinical trials provided controversial results on whether the injection of hyaluronan preparations into osteoarthritic joints reduces pain. Problems of clinical studies may be the substantial placebo effects of intra-articular injections, different severity and rate of progression of the disease and others. We hypothesize that the use of preclinical pain models may help to clarify whether a certain hyaluronan exerts antinociceptive effects upon intra-articular injection. In the present study we tested in the bradykinin/prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) model primarily the putative antinociceptive effect of stabilized hyaluronic acid from a non animal source (NASHA), a stabilized hyaluronic acid based gel for intra-articular treatment of OA. We established a dose-response relationship for NASHA and we compared NASHA to other hyaluronans with different formulations that are in clinical use. Methods To induce transient joint pain episodes bradykinin and PGE2 were repetitively administered intra-articularly and unilaterally into rat knee joints during short anaesthesia. After establishment of the predrug nociceptive responses, a single intra-articular injection of saline or NASHA at different concentrations was administered and pain responses to further bradykinin/PGE2 injections were monitored up to 56 days after NASHA. Furthermore, the obtained effective dose was compared to clinically defined concentrations of Hylan GF20 and sodium hyaluronate. The primary outcome measures were primary mechanical hyperalgesia at the knee joint and pain-induced weight bearing. Results On day 1 after injection, all tested hyaluronan preparations showed an antinociceptive effect >50% compared to saline. Single injections of higher doses of NASHA (50, 75 and 100 μl) were antinociceptive up to 56 days. When injection volumes in rat knee joints were adapted to clinical injection volumes in humans, the antinociceptive effects of the cross-linked NASHA and Hylan GF20 had a longer

Systematic clinical evidence review of NASHA (Durolane hyaluronic acid for the treatment of knee osteoarthritis

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Leighton R

2018-05-01

Full Text Available Ross Leighton,1 Jane Fitzpatrick,2,3 Helen Smith,4 Daniela Crandall,4 Carl R Flannery,4 Thierry Conrozier5 1Department of Surgery, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada; 2Sports Medicine Professionals Pty Ltd, Richmond, VIC, Australia; 3University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia; 4Bioventus LLC, Durham, NC, USA; 5Department of Rheumatology, Hospital Nord Franche-Comte, Belfort, France Background: Pain and limitations in joint mobility associated with knee osteoarthritis (OA are clinically challenging to manage, and advanced progression of disease can often lead to total knee arthroplasty. Intra-articular injection of hyaluronic acid (HA, also referred to as viscosupplementation, is a non-surgical treatment approach for OA, the effectiveness of which may depend on the HA composition, and the length of time over which it resides in the joint. One of the available options for such therapies includes NASHA (Durolane HA, a non-animal, biofermentation-derived product, which is manufactured using a process that stabilizes the HA molecules to slow down their rate of degradation and produce a unique formulation with a terminal half-life of ~1 month. The objectives of the current review were to assess, in patients with OA of the knee, the efficacy and safety of intra-articular treatment with NASHA relative to control (saline injections, other HA products, and other injectables (corticosteroids, platelet-rich plasma, mesenchymal stem cells.Methods: This systematic evidence review examines patient outcomes following NASHA treatment as described in published data from studies conducted in subjects with knee OA. A Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses-compliant literature search strategy yielded 11 eligible clinical studies with a variety of comparator arms. Outcomes assessed at various time points following intra-articular treatment included measures of pain, function, quality of life, and incidence of treatment

Single-arm open-label study of Durolane (NASHA nonanimal hyaluronic acid for the treatment of osteoarthritis of the thumb

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Velasco E

2017-03-01

Full Text Available Eloisa Velasco,1 Mª Victoria Ribera,2 Joan Pi3 1Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Hospital de Sant Joan Despí Moisés Broggi, Barcelona, Spain; 2Department of Anesthesiology, Vall d’Hebron University Hospital, Barcelona, Spain; 3Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Parc Taulí University Hospital, Sabadell, Barcelona, Spain Introduction: Osteoarthritis of the trapeziometacarpal (TMC joint of the thumb – also known as rhizarthrosis – is painful and has a significant impact on quality of life. Intra-articular injection of hyaluronic acid may potentially meet the need for effective, minimally invasive intervention in patients not responding adequately to initial treatment. We aimed to confirm the safety and effectiveness of viscosupplementation with Durolane (NASHA nonanimal hyaluronic acid in rhizarthrosis.Patients and methods: This was a prospective, single-arm, multicenter, open-label study with a 6-month follow-up period. Eligible patients had Eaton–Littler grade II–III rhizarthrosis in one TMC joint with pain and visual analog scale (VAS pain score ≥4 (scale: 0–10. A single injection of NASHA was administered to the affected TMC joint. The primary effectiveness variable was change from baseline in VAS pain score.Results: Thirty-five patients (mean age 60.8 years; 85.7% female received NASHA and completed the study. The least-squares mean change from baseline in VAS pain score over 6 months was –2.00, a reduction of 27.8% (p<0.001. The reduction in pain exceeded 25% as early as month 1 (26.5%, and gradual improvement was observed throughout the 6-month follow-up period. Secondary effectiveness parameters included QuickDASH (shortened version of Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder, and Hand [DASH], Kapandji thumb opposition test, radial abduction, metacarpophalangeal (MCP joint flexion, and pinch (clamp strength. Most of these measurements showed statistically significant improvements from baseline over 6 months. Five

Knee Viscosupplementation: Cost-Effectiveness Analysis between Stabilized Hyaluronic Acid in a Single Injection versus Five Injections of Standard Hyaluronic Acid

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Francisco J. Estades-Rubio

2017-03-01

Full Text Available Given the wide difference in price per vial between various presentations of hyaluronic acid, this study seeks to compare the effectiveness and treatment cost of stabilized hyaluronic acid (NASHA in a single injection with standard preparations of hyaluronic acid (HA in five injections in osteoarthritis (OA of the knee. Fifty-four patients with knee osteoarthritis (Kellgren–Lawrence Grade II and III and the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Arthritis Index (WOMAC pain score greater than 7, with a homogeneous distribution of age, sex, BMI, and duration of disease, were included in this study. Patients were randomized into two groups: Group I was treated with NASHA (Durolane® and Group II with HA (Go-ON®. Patient’s evolution was followed up at the 1st, 2nd, 4th, 8th, 12th, and 26th week after treatment. A statistically significant improvement in WOMAC score was observed for patients treated with NASHA versus those who received HA at Week 26. In addition, the need for analgesia was significantly reduced at Week 26 in the NASHA-treated group. Finally, the economic analysis showed an increased cost of overall treatment with HA injections. Our data support the use of the NASHA class of products in the treatment of knee OA.

Knee Viscosupplementation: Cost-Effectiveness Analysis between Stabilized Hyaluronic Acid in a Single Injection versus Five Injections of Standard Hyaluronic Acid.

Science.gov (United States)

Estades-Rubio, Francisco J; Reyes-Martín, Alvaro; Morales-Marcos, Victor; García-Piriz, Mercedes; García-Vera, Juan J; Perán, Macarena; Marchal, Juan A; Montañez-Heredia, Elvira

2017-03-17

Given the wide difference in price per vial between various presentations of hyaluronic acid, this study seeks to compare the effectiveness and treatment cost of stabilized hyaluronic acid (NASHA) in a single injection with standard preparations of hyaluronic acid (HA) in five injections in osteoarthritis (OA) of the knee. Fifty-four patients with knee osteoarthritis (Kellgren-Lawrence Grade II and III) and the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Arthritis Index (WOMAC) pain score greater than 7, with a homogeneous distribution of age, sex, BMI, and duration of disease, were included in this study. Patients were randomized into two groups: Group I was treated with NASHA (Durolane ® ) and Group II with HA (Go-ON ® ). Patient's evolution was followed up at the 1st, 2nd, 4th, 8th, 12th, and 26th week after treatment. A statistically significant improvement in WOMAC score was observed for patients treated with NASHA versus those who received HA at Week 26. In addition, the need for analgesia was significantly reduced at Week 26 in the NASHA-treated group. Finally, the economic analysis showed an increased cost of overall treatment with HA injections. Our data support the use of the NASHA class of products in the treatment of knee OA.

Identifying factors associated with clinical success in patients treated with NASHA®/Dx injection for fecal incontinence

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Franklin H

2016-03-01

Full Text Available Howard Franklin,1 Andrew C Barrett,1 Ray Wolf2 1Department of Medical Affairs, Salix, a Division of Valeant Pharmaceuticals North America LLC, Bridgewater, NJ, USA; 2Department of Medical Affairs, Valeant Pharmaceuticals North America LLC, Wilton Manors, FL, USA Purpose: Injection with the bulking agent consisting of non-animal stabilized hyaluronic acid/dextranomer (NASHA®/Dx is well tolerated and efficacious for the treatment of fecal incontinence (FI; however, the patient population that may derive maximum benefit has not been established. This post hoc responder analysis assessed demographic and baseline characteristics predictive of responsiveness to NASHA/Dx treatment. Methods: Adults with a Cleveland Clinic Florida fecal incontinence score (CCFIS ≥10 were randomized to receive NASHA/Dx or sham treatment. The primary end point was response to treatment (ie, decrease from baseline of ≥50% in number of FI episodes at 6 months; a prespecified secondary end point was change in fecal incontinence quality of life (FIQL score at 6 months. Post hoc subgroup analyses were performed for baseline and demographic characteristics and prior FI treatments. Results: Overall, response to treatment was significantly greater with NASHA/Dx versus sham injection (52.7% vs 32.1%; P=0.0089. All subgroups analyzed demonstrated evidence of improvement, favoring NASHA/Dx versus sham treatment for both response to treatment and change in the FIQL coping/behavior subscale score. For the primary end point, a significantly greater percentage of patients with CCFIS ≤15, FI symptoms ≤5 years’ duration, or obstetric causes of FI responded to NASHA/Dx treatment versus patients receiving sham treatment (51.1% vs 28.3%, P=0.0169; 55.4% vs 25.7%, P=0.0026; and 53.6% vs 23.1%, P=0.0191, respectively. The mean change in the FIQL coping/behavior score significantly favored NASHA/Dx versus sham treatment for patients with CCFIS ≤15 (P=0.0371, FI symptoms ≤5 yearsâ

Nasha "Russkaja galereja" v Madride

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

2005-01-01

Kaasaegse kunsti laat ARCO Madridis. Osaleb "Vene galerii" Tallinnast näitusega TRINITY. Galerist Masha Melnikova. Osalevad Ene-Liis Semper ja Moskva kunstnikud Anton Litvin ning Bogdan Mamonov. Ene-Liis Semper näitab videokunsti, Anton Litvin fotoprojekti ja Bogdan Mamonov realistlikke portreid. Näitus märtsis Vene saatkonna galeriis Tallinnas

Okinte krititsheskim vzgljadom sobstvennuju otvetstvennost v dogovorahh strahhovanija firm / Mart Mere

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

Mere, Mart

2008-01-01

Marsh Kindlustusmaakleri juhatuse esimehe arvates peaksid ettevõtted majanduskriisi ajal pöörama suuremat tähelepanu kindlustusseltside valikule ja muutma kindlustuspoliitikat, vähendades kindlustuskulutusi. Vt. samas: Kindlustus ja riskijuhtimine majanduskriisi ajal

"My body breaks. I take solution." Inhalant use in Delhi as pleasure seeking at a cost.

Science.gov (United States)

Gigengack, Roy

2014-07-01

Inhalant use has existed in India since the 1970s and has increased significantly over the last decades, especially among street-oriented young people. The latter constitute a heterogeneous category: children from street families, children 'of' the street, rag pickers, and part-time street children. There are also inhalant-using schoolchildren and young people in slums. Fieldwork was conducted for 1 year. Team ethnography, multi-sited and comparative research, flexibility of methods and writing field notes were explicit parts of the research design. Most research was undertaken with six groups in four areas of Delhi, exemplifying six generic categories of inhalant-using street-oriented young people. Inhalants in India are branded: Eraz-Ex diluter and whitener, manufactured by Kores, are used throughout Delhi; Omni glue in one specific area. There is a general lack of awareness and societal indifference towards inhalant use, with the exception of the inhalant users themselves, who possess practical knowledge. They conceive of inhalants as nasha, encapsulating the materiality of the substances and the experiential aspects of intoxication and addiction. Fragments of group interviews narrate the sensory appeal of inhalants, and an ethnographic vignette the dynamics of a sniffing session. These inhalant-using street children seek intoxication in a pursuit of pleasure, despite the harm that befalls them as a result. Some find nasha beautiful, notwithstanding the stigmatization, violence and bodily deterioration; others experience it as an overpowering force. A source of attraction and pleasure, inhalants ravage street children's lives. In this mysterious space of lived experience, their self-organization evolves. Distinguishing between hedonic and side effects, addiction helps to understand inhalant use as at once neurobiological, cultural, and involving agency. The implications are that India needs to develop a policy of treatment and employment to deal with the

"Nasha tsel - rabotat odnoi komandoi" / Paul Nelson English ; interv. Aleksei Zhigulin

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

English, Paul Nelson

2003-01-01

Mazheikiu Nafta peadirektor vastab küsimustele ettevõtte töötajatele esitatavate ülesannete, tootmise optimeerimise ja moderniseerimise, ettevõtte edukuse põhjuste, Eestis ja Lätis Mazheikiu Nafta kaubamaja avamise, naftatoodete kvaliteedi kontrolli kohta

Technique of Injection of Hyaluronic Acid as a Prostatic Spacer and Fiducials Before Hypofractionated External Beam Radiotherapy for Prostate Cancer.

Science.gov (United States)

Boissier, Romain; Udrescu, Corina; Rebillard, Xavier; Terrier, Jean-Etienne; Faix, Antoine; Chapet, Olivier; Azria, David; Devonec, Marian; Paparel, Philippe; Ruffion, Alain

2017-01-01

To describe a technique combining the implantation of fiducials and a prostatic spacer (hyaluronic acid [HA]) to decrease the rectal toxicity after an image-guided external beam radiotherapy (EBRT) with hypofractionation for prostate cancer and to assess the tolerance and the learning curve of the procedure. Thirty patients with prostate cancer at low or intermediate risk were included in a phase II trial: image-guided EBRT of 62 Gy in 20 fractions of 3.1 Gy with intensity-modulated radiotherapy. A transrectal implantation of 3 fiducials and transperineal injection of 10 cc of HA (NASHA gel spacer, Q-Med AB, Uppsala, Sweden) between the rectum and the prostate was performed by 1 operator. The thickness of HA was measured at 10 points on magnetic resonance imaging to establish a quality score of the injection (maximum score = 10) and determine the learning curve of the procedure. The quality score increased from patients 1-10, 11-20, to 21-30 with respective median scores: 7 [2-10], 5 [4-7], and 8 [3-10]. The average thicknesses of HA between the base, middle part, and apex of the prostate and the rectum were the following: 15.1 mm [6.4-29], 9.8 mm [5-21.2], and 9.9 mm [3.2-21.5]. The injection of the HA induced a median pain score of 4 [1-8] and no residual pain at mid-long term. Creating an interface between the rectum and the prostate and the implantation of fiducials were feasible under local anesthesia with a short learning curve and could become a standard procedure before a hypofractionated EBRT for prostate cancer. Copyright © 2016 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Accounting Systems for Heavy Water and Fissionable Materials; Comptabilite de l'Eau Lourde et des Matieres Fissiles; Sistema ucheta tyazheloj vody i delyashchikhsya materialov; Sistemas de Contabilidad para el Agua Pesada y los Materiales Fisionables

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Fletcher, G. W.; Reid, H. B.; Jenkinson, W. G. [Atomic Energy of Canada Ltd., Chalk River, ON (Canada)

1966-02-15

grandes rasgos los procedimientos basicos para el registro de las transferencias de materiales entre las unidades, el intercambio de formularios dentro de cada unidad, las perdidas y ganancias y las evacuaciones. Se explica tambien como estos datos pasan a fichas IBM, su sistematizacion en una calculadora IBM 1401, y la preparacion de los informes que se someteran a la aprobacion de las autoridades administrativas. El sistema de contabilidad para el agua pesada esta basado en esos mismos principios. En el libro mayor se inscriben las libras de D{sub 2}O asignadas a cada una de las quince unidades contables. Los autores describen tambien sucintamente los metodos basicos de registro y la forma en que se emplea la computadora. (author) [Russian] Daetsja opisanie procedury ucheta i sostavlenija otchetnosti kompaniej ''Atomik jenerdzhi of Kanada, limited'' v celjah kontrolja za postavkami tjazheloj vody i zapasami deljashhihsja materialov. Odnovremenno opisyvajutsja objazannosti i otvetstvennost' lic, osushhestvljajushhih jetu proceduru.Ocenivaetsja priemlemost' procedury dlja bystro razvivajushhihsja issledovatel'skih i jenergeticheskih programm. V chastnosti, ocenivaetsja ispol'zovanie jelektronnyh mashin dlja obrabotki dannyh. Za obespechenie tochnoj sistemy ucheta, otchetnosti i kontrolja za jadernymi materialami otvechaet special'nyj komitet. Otdelenie planirovanija proizvodstva i kontrolja v Otdele operacij jadernoj laboratorii v Chok-Rivere neset otvetstvennost' pered komitetom za vedenie ucheta i za provedenie rabot v sootvetstvii s prinjatoj sistemoj. V doklade detal'no izlagajutsja svjazannye s jetim objazannosti. Imejutsja sekcii ucheta jadernyh materialov, pjatnadcat' iz nih raspolagajutsja v otdelah kompanii ''Atomik jenerdzhi of Kanada'', a ostal'nye v issledovatel'skih i promyshlennyh organizacijah Kanady. Jetimi podrazdelenijami rukovodit Otdelenie planirovanija proizvodstva i kontrolja. Na kazhduju sekciju zavedeno kontrol'noe dos'e: sekcii nesut

The United States Atomic Energy Commission Programme of Nuclear Materials Management; Le Programme de Gestion des Matieres Nucleaires Applique par L'USAEC; Programma komissii po atomnoj ehnergii ssha v oblasti obrashcheniya s yadernymi materialami; El Programa de Administracion de Materiales Nucleares de la Comision de Energia Atomica de los Estados Unidos

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

George, D. E. [United States Atomic Energy Commission, Washington, DC (United States)

1966-02-15

pri sdache v arendu, v sluchajah chastnoj sobstvennosti, po kontraktu s KAJe, kogda potrebitel' neset finansovuju otvetstvennost' za poteri, a takzhe po takim kontraktam, kogda otvetstvennost' za poteri beret na sebja KAJe. Takie razlichija porozhdajut znachitel'nye izmenenija v podhode k resheniju problemy, primenjaemomu KAJe, i takie izmenenija otmechajutsja. V zakljuchenie doklada kratko perechisljajutsja oblasti nereshennyh problem. (author)

The Technical Training Programme for Nuclear Power Station Personnel; Programme de formation technique du personnel des centrales nucleaires; Programma tekhnicheskoj podgotovki personala yadernoj ehlektrostantsii; El programa de formacion tecnica del personal de una central nucleoelectrica

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Howey, G. R. [Hydro-Electric Power Commission of Ontario, Toronto, Ontario (Canada)

1963-10-15

kvalifikatsii v zavisimosti ot potrebnostej v rabote; (3) obsluzhivayushchij personal po kontrol'no-izmeritel'nym priboram - chetyre.urovnya kvalifikatsii; neset otvetstvennost' za remont vsekh apparatov, oborudovaniya po upravleniyu i ehlektrooborudovaniya; (4) mekhaniki po remontu - nesut otvetstvennost' za remont vsego mekhanicheskogo oborudovaniya (montazhnye raboty, svarka i t.d.); (5) obsluzhivayushchij personal - neset otvetstvennost' za raznoobraznye raboty, kotorye trebuyut bolee nizkoj kvalifikatsii. V dopolnenie k ehtim obshchim kategoriyam trebuetsya nebol'shoe kolichestvo spetsialistov, takikh kak khimiki i sluzhashchie po radiatsionnoj zashchite. Obsuzhdaetsya organizatsionnaya struktura personala NPD i programma ego obucheniya dlya budushchikh nuzhd yadernoj ehnergetiki. (author)

Pilot Plant for Food Irradiation in The Netherlands; Usine Pilote pour l'Irradiation de Denrees Alimentaires aux Pays-Bas; Opytnaya ustanovka po oblucheniyu pishchevykh produktov v Gollandii; Planta Piloto de Irradiacion de Alimentos en los Paises Bajos

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

De Zeeuw, D.; Van Kooy, J. G. [Association EURATOM-ITAL, Wageningen (Netherlands)

1966-11-15

investigacion en laboratorio y las aplicaciones practicas. Se suscita, en otras palabras, la cuestion de saber como pueden transmitirse a los fabricantes e industriales los conocimientos adquiridos en el laboratorio. Conviene tener en cuenta los siguientes puntos: a) Inverted-Question-Mark Se considera la planta piloto como precursora inmediata de una planta comercial? b) Como puede aumentarse 100 veces el volumen de material tratado? c) Como puede estimularse el interes comercial? d) Inverted-Question-Mark Quien es, en definitiva, responsable del programa de la planta piloto? e) Inverted-Question-Mark Que medios tecnicos se necesitan? f) Inverted-Question-Mark Como puede organizarse la planta piloto de forma que se mantenga una comunicacion constante entre las partes interesadas? Todas estas cuestiones se examinan en relacion con una planta piloto de irradiacion de alimentos que se proyecta construir en los Paises Bajos. (author) [Russian] Osnovnaja problema, voznikajushhaja v svjazi s primeneniem jeksperimental'noj ustanovki v issledovatel'skih celjah, zakljuchaetsja v razrabotke metoda, kotoryj pomog by likvidirovat' razryv mezhdu laboratornymi rabotami i prakticheskim primeneniem. Drugimi slovami, kak peredat' informaciju, poluchennuju v laboratornyh uslovijah, v rasporjazhenie organizacij i lic, zanimajushhihsja proizvodstvom ili pererabotkoj sel'skohozjajstvennoj produkcii. V svjazi s jetim voznikaet rjad voprosov: a) Rassmatrivaetsja li opytnaja ustanovka v kachestve neposredstvennogo prototipa kommercheskoj ustanovki? b) Kakim obrazom dostigaetsja uvelichenie obluchaemoj produkcii v 100 raz? v) Kak zainteresovat' kommercheskie krugi v dannoj ustanovke? g) Kto neset okonchatel'nuju otvetstvennost' za programmu opytnoj ustanovki? d) Neobhodimo tehnicheskoe oborudovanie? e) Kakim obrazom sleduet organizovat' rabotu opytnoj ustanovki s tem, chtoby obespechit' nepreryvnyj obmen informaciej mezhdu zainteresovannymi storonami? Vse vysheperechislennye aspekty obsuzhdajutsja v

Nuclear Materials Management and its Relationship to Nuclear Safety and Criticality Control; La Gestion des Matieres Nucleaires et ses Rapports avec la Securite Nucleaire et le Controle de la Criticite; Obrashchenie s yadernymi materialami i ego svyaz' s yadernoj bezopasnost'yu i kontrolem nad kritichnost'yu; La Administracion de Materiales Nucleares y sus Relaciones con la Seguridad Nuclear y el Control de la Criticidad

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Tingey, F. H. [Phillips Petroleum Company, Idaho Falls, ID (United States)

1966-02-15

materiales nucleares debe ser exacta y precisa. Es necesario seguir una politica rigida de administracion de existencias a fin de limitar los problemas que suscita la acumulacion de materiales fisionables. La comprobacion interna de las existencias por el personal de los servicios de administracion puede servir tambien para verificar si se aplican los procedimientos de salvaguardia. Este personal puede llevar a cabo una importante labor de orientacion informando a los encargados de manipular los materiales fisionables sobre los peligros que sus actividades implican. La orientacion de los servicios de administracion de materiales nucleares hacia los problemas relativos a la prevencion de la criticidad aumenta considerablemente la eficacia de las inspecciones. (author) [Russian] Dlja vseh, aktivno rabotajushhih v oblasti jadernoj promyshlennosti, chrezvychajno vazhno ne dopuskat' sozdanija takih uslovij, kotorye mogli by privesti k nepredusmotrennomu skopleniju rasshhepljajushhih materialov v takih kolichestvah, geometrii i okruzhenii, kotorye mogut vyzvat' cepnuju reakciju nejtronov. Jeto osobenno vazhno dlja teh, na kom lezhit otvetstvennost' za pogruzochno-razgruzochnye raboty, peremeshhenie i hranenie rasshhepljajushhihsja materialov v hode vypolnenija razlichnyh zadanij. Jeti-zhe lica vhodjat v sistemu administrativno-hozjajstvennogo ucheta jadernyh materialov. Na objazannosti jetih lic lezhit v pervuju ochered' otvetstvennost' za sostavlenie i poluchenie dannyh statisticheskoj otchetnosti, napravljaemyh cherez Upravlenie po administrativnohozjajstvennomu uchetu jadernyh materialov, i v kachestve takovyh pri vypolnenii svoih objazannostej oni dolzhny obrashhat'sja v ukazannoe Upravlenie za predostavleniem im pravil'noj i svoevremennoj informacii. V osnovnom otvetstvennost' za nedopushhenie nepredusmotrennoj kritichnosti v ljuboj zone jekspluatacii ustanovki lezhit na rukovoditele rabot. Pri vyrabotke predupreditel'nyh meroprijatij sleduet uchityvat' po men'shej mere tri

Legal and Administrative Problems of Controlling the Disposal of Nuclear Wastes in the Sea; Problemes Juridiques et Administratifs Poses par le Controle de l'Elimination des Dechets Nucleaires dans la Mer; 041f 0420 041e 0414 ; Problemas Juridicos y Administrativos que Plantea el Control de la Evacuacion de Desechos Nucleares En El Mar

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Hydeman, Lee M.; Berman, William H. [Atomic Energy Research Project, University of Michigan Law School (United States)

1960-07-01

control sobre una base tanto unilateral como multilateral. La ultima parte consiste en el examen de las diversas maneras de establecer un control internacional de la evacuacion en el mar de los desechos nucleares. La memoria hace referencia al papel de los organos internacionales existentes por lo que se refiere al ejercicio de un control administrativo permanente en el plano internacional. (author) [Russian] Osnovnoj cel'ju doklada javljaetsja predstavlenie nekotoryh podhodov k mezhgosudarstvennomu kontrolju za udaleniem radioaktivnyh othodov v morja kak s tochki zrenija primenenija samogo vida mezhdunarodnogo kontrolja, tak i s tochki zrenija sredstv po vypolneniju takogo kontrolja. Pervaja chast' predstavljaet soboj kratkoe opisanie kontrolja, neobhodimogo dlja ohrany zdorov'ja naselenija ot vlijanija radioaktivnyh othodov pri udalenii ih v morja. Vtoraja chast' sostoit iz obshhego analiza juridicheskih problem, voznikajushhih s osushhestvleniem udalenija radioaktivnyh othodov. Osobaja otvetstvennost' vozlagaetsja na gosudarstva, imejushhie morskuju granicu i osushhestvljajushhie odnostoronnij kontrol' po udaleniju othodov drugimi gosudarstvami, kotorye mogut nanosit' ushherb ih interesam. My issleduem sootvetstvie juridicheskih vozmeshhenij ubytkov ravno kak i vozmozhnogo zakona po predotvrashheniju ushherba, nanosimogo udaleniem radioaktivnyh othodov, i otvetstvennosti v sluchae nanesenija takogo ushherba. Tret'ja chast' doklada vkljuchaet analiz reshenija drugih problem kontrolja po odnostoronnemu i mnogostoronnemu soglashenijam. Poslednjaja chast' vkljuchaet issledovanie razlichnyh metodov mezhdunarodnogo kontrolja po udaleniju radioaktivnyh othodov v morja. V doklade upominaetsja rol' sushhestvujushhih mezhdunarodnyh organov po osushhestvleniju postojannogo administrativnogo kontrolja na mezhdunarodnom urovne. (author)

Special Nuclear Material Control by the Power Reactor Operator; Controle des Matieres Nucleaires Speciales par l'Exploitant d'une Centrale Nucleaire; Spetsial'nyj kontrol' nalichiya yadernykh materialov operatorom ehnergeticheskogo reaktora; Control de Materiales Nucleares Especiales por Parte de Quienes Operan el Reactor de Potencia

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Cordin, R. A. [Yankee Atomic Electric Company, Boston, MA (United States)

1966-02-15

debido a un control deficiente de los combustibles nucleares y a la falta de precision en las operaciones contables. La administracion de materiales nucleares requiere que los explotadores de los reactores de potencia lleven una contabilidad completa y detallada. No es necesario que los documentos sean complejos si lo que se pretende es que sean completos y adecuados. En realidad, la sencillez es sobremanera conveniente. A pesar de que el combustible nuclear es un combustible nuevo y totalmente distinto de los de tipo tradicional, no hay que rodear su utilizacion de ninguna aureola de misterio. El control de los materiales nucleares no es una simple labor de inventario, sino que constituye la base de muchas otras operaciones inherentes a la explotacion de los reactores de potencia, por ejemplo: el transporte del combustible irradiado, su regeneracion con la correspondiente contabilizacion del combustible recuperado y del material producido durante el funcionamiento del reactor, y, por ultimo, el establecimiento de un sistema de seguros adecuado. (author) [Russian] Otnositel'no novoe i chrezvychajno cennoe toplivo dlja proizvodstva jelektrojenergii, a imenno uran, trebuet ochen' tshhatel'nogo ucheta s momenta, kogda operator reaktora prinimaet na sebja material'nuju otvetstvennost' za jetot material, i do togo momenta, kogda jetot material v vide chastichno otrabotannogo topliva peredaetsja na druguju ustanovku, gde regeneriruetsja ostavshajasja chast' ego pervonachal'noj cennosti. Bol'shaja chast' operatorov jenergeticheskih reaktorov, do pojavlenija v svet jadernoj jenergetiki, rabotala na jelektrostancijah s obychnym iskopaemym toplivom i /zhe davno vyrabotala dostatochno polnye i nadezhnye formy kontrolja za ego rashodovaniem. Operator reaktora dolzhen raspolagat' ne menee nadezhnymi sposobami ucheta jadernyh materialov, ispol'zuemyh na ego ustanovke. Jekspluatacija jenergeticheskih reaktorov ne imeet bol'shoj istorii, i na protjazhenii otnositel'no korotkogo perioda

Economic Criteria Applied to Nuclear Materials Management; Criteres Economiques Applicables a la Gestion des Matieres Nucleaires; Ehkonomicheskie kriterii, primenyaemye pri kontrole i uchete yadernykh materialov; Criterios Economicos Aplicados a la Administracion de Materiales Nucleares

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Shelley, W. J.; Kuehn, M. N. [Mallinckrodt Chemical Works, St. Charles, MS (United States)

1966-02-15

, primenjaemye pri kontrole i uchete jadernyh materialov. V celjah samogo racional'nogo kontrolja i ucheta jadernyh materialov postojanno proverjali i peresmatrivali proceduru, praktiku i metody kontrolja, a takzhe kadrovye voprosy. S cel'ju obespechenija togo, chtoby optimal'nye rashody byli sbalansirovany s neobhodimymi potrebnostjami kontrolja za jadernymi materialami, byli razrabotany nekotorye obshhie pravila. Ochen' vazhno opredelit' dejstvitel'nye potrebnosti v registracii i vydache svedenij. Dejstvitel'naja jekonomija dostigaetsja za schet vozlozhenija na odnu gruppu otvetstvennosti za kontrol' i uchet jadernyh materialov, za proizvodstvennyj kontrol' i rashody. Takomu personalu nuzhno okazyvat' doverie. Uchityvaja vazhnost' raboty, jetot personal dolzhen projti tshhatel'nuju podgotovku. Lica, nesushhie otvetstvennost' za kontrol' i uchet jadernyh materialov, dolzhny postojanno sledit' za malejshimi otklonenijami ot norm povedenija i harakteristik personala, za normal'nym ispol'zovaniem processov, sistem, procedur i metodov. Tol'ko blagodarja takomu otnosheniju i zhelaniju proizvodit' peresmotr v celjah uluchshenija, mozhno dobit'sja optimal'nogo sbalansirovanija rashodov i potrebnostej. (author)

Intra-articular viscosupplementation with hylan g-f 20 to treat osteoarthritis of the knee: an evidence-based analysis.

Science.gov (United States)

2005-01-01

-articular injection of 2 ml of hylan G-F 20 once a week for 3 weeks. It is licensed for use for patients in all stages of joint pathology, but should not be used in infected or severely inflamed joints, in joints with large effusion, in patients that have skin diseases or infections in the area of the injection site, or in patients with venous stasis. It is also contraindicated in patients with hypersensitivities to avian proteins. The Medical Advisory Secretariat used its standard search protocol to review the literature for evidence on the effectiveness of intra-articular hylan G-F 20 compared with placebo, as a substitute for alternate active treatments, or as an adjunct to conventional care for treatment of the pain of OA of the knee. All English-language journal articles and reviews with clearly described designs and methods (i.e., those sufficient to assign a Jadad score to) published or released between 1966 and February 2005 were included. Two more recently published meta-analyses were also included. The databases searched were Ovid MEDLINE, EMBASE, the Cochrane database and leading international organizations for health technology assessments, including the International Network of Agencies for Health Technology Assessments. The search terms were as follows: hyaluronan, hyaluronate adj sodium, hylan, hylan G-F 20 (Synvisc), Synvisc, Hyalgan, Orthovisc, Supartz, Artz, Artzal, BioHY, NASHA, NRD101, viscosupplementation, osteoarthritis, knee, knee joint. The primary outcome of interest was a clinically significant difference, defined as greater than 10 mm on 100 mm visual analogue scale, or a change from baseline of more than 20% in the mean magnitude of pain relief experienced among patients treated with hylan G-F 20 compared with those treated with the control intervention. One clinical epidemiologist reviewed the full-text reports and extracted data using an extraction form. Key variables included, but were not limited to, the characteristics of the patients, method of