Antifungal activity of magnetically separable Fe3O4/ZnO/AgBr nanocomposites prepared by a facile microwave-assisted method

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Abolghasem Hoseinzadeh

2016-08-01

Full Text Available In the present work, magnetically separable Fe3O4/ZnO/AgBr nanocomposites with different weight ratios of Fe3O4 to ZnO/AgBr were prepared by a facile microwave-assisted method. The resultant samples were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD, scanning electron microscopy (SEM, transmission electron microscopy (TEM, energy dispersive analysis of X-rays (EDX, and vibrating sample magnetometery (VSM. Antifungal activity of the as-prepared samples was evaluated against Fusarium graminearum and Fusarium oxysporum as two phytopathogenic fungi. Among the nanocomposites, the sample with 1:8 weight ratio of Fe3O4 to ZnO/AgBr was selected as the best nanocomposite. This nanocomposite inactivates Fusarium graminearum and Fusarium oxysporum at 120 and 60 min, respectively. Moreover, it was observed that the microwave irradiation time has considerable influence on the antifungal activity and the sample prepared by irradiation for 10 min showed the best activity. Moreover, the nanocomposite without any thermal treatment displayed the superior activity.

Temperature responsive hydrogel magnetic nanocomposites for hyperthermia and metal extraction applications

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Reddy, N. Narayana, E-mail: nagireddynarayana@gmail.com [Center for Advanced Biomaterials for Healthcare, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia@CRIB, Largo Barsanti e Matteucci 53, 80125 Napoli (Italy); Ravindra, S. [Department of Physics, College of Science, Engineering and Technology, University of South Africa, Johannesburg 1709 (South Africa); Reddy, N. Madhava [Department of Environmental Science, Gates Institute of Technology, NH-7, Gooty, Anantapuram, Andhra Pradesh (India); Rajinikanth, V. [Department of Physics, College of Science, Engineering and Technology, University of South Africa, Johannesburg 1709 (South Africa); Raju, K. Mohana [Synthetic Polymer Laboratory, Department of Polymer Science & Technology, S.K. University, Anantapuram, Andhra Pradesh (India); Vallabhapurapu, Vijaya Srinivasu [Department of Physics, College of Science, Engineering and Technology, University of South Africa, Johannesburg 1709 (South Africa)

2015-11-15

The present work deals with the development of temperature and magnetic responsive hydrogel networks based on poly (N-isopropylacrylamide)/acrylamido propane sulfonic acid. The hydrogel matrices are synthesized by polymerizing N-isopropylacrylamide (NIPAM) monomer in the presence of acrylamido propane sulphonicacid (AMPS) using a cross-linker (N,N-methylenebisacrylamide, MBA) and redox initiating system [ammonium persulphate (APS)/tetramethylethylenediamine (TMEDA)]. The magnetic nanoparticles are generated throughout the hydrogel networks using in situ method by incorporating iron ions and subsequent treatment with ammonia. A series of hydrogel-magnetic nanocomposites (HGMNC) are developed by varying AMPS composition. The synthesized hydrogel magnetic nanocomposites (HGMNC) are characterized by using Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) Spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), Thermal Analyses and Electron Microscopy analysis (Scanning and Transmission Electron Microscope). The metal extraction capacities of the prepared hydrogel (HG) and hydrogel magnetic nanocomposites (HGMNC) were studied at different temperatures. The results suggest that HGMNCs have higher extraction capacity compared to HG and HG loaded iron ions. This data also reveals that the extraction of metals by hydrogel magnetic nanocomposites (HGMNCs) is higher at higher temperatures than room temperature. The prepared HGMNCs are also subjected to hyperthermia (cancer therapy) studies. - Highlights: • We have developed temperature responsive hydrogel magnetic nanocomposites. • Addition of AMPS monomer to this magnetic hydrogel enhances the temperature sensitivity to 40–43 °C. • Similarly the sulfonic groups present in the AMPS units enhances the swelling ratio of magnetic hydrogels. • AMPS acts as good stabilizing agent for nanoparticles in the magnetic nanogel.

Temperature responsive hydrogel magnetic nanocomposites for hyperthermia and metal extraction applications

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Reddy, N. Narayana; Ravindra, S.; Reddy, N. Madhava; Rajinikanth, V.; Raju, K. Mohana; Vallabhapurapu, Vijaya Srinivasu

2015-01-01

The present work deals with the development of temperature and magnetic responsive hydrogel networks based on poly (N-isopropylacrylamide)/acrylamido propane sulfonic acid. The hydrogel matrices are synthesized by polymerizing N-isopropylacrylamide (NIPAM) monomer in the presence of acrylamido propane sulphonicacid (AMPS) using a cross-linker (N,N-methylenebisacrylamide, MBA) and redox initiating system [ammonium persulphate (APS)/tetramethylethylenediamine (TMEDA)]. The magnetic nanoparticles are generated throughout the hydrogel networks using in situ method by incorporating iron ions and subsequent treatment with ammonia. A series of hydrogel-magnetic nanocomposites (HGMNC) are developed by varying AMPS composition. The synthesized hydrogel magnetic nanocomposites (HGMNC) are characterized by using Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) Spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), Thermal Analyses and Electron Microscopy analysis (Scanning and Transmission Electron Microscope). The metal extraction capacities of the prepared hydrogel (HG) and hydrogel magnetic nanocomposites (HGMNC) were studied at different temperatures. The results suggest that HGMNCs have higher extraction capacity compared to HG and HG loaded iron ions. This data also reveals that the extraction of metals by hydrogel magnetic nanocomposites (HGMNCs) is higher at higher temperatures than room temperature. The prepared HGMNCs are also subjected to hyperthermia (cancer therapy) studies. - Highlights: • We have developed temperature responsive hydrogel magnetic nanocomposites. • Addition of AMPS monomer to this magnetic hydrogel enhances the temperature sensitivity to 40–43 °C. • Similarly the sulfonic groups present in the AMPS units enhances the swelling ratio of magnetic hydrogels. • AMPS acts as good stabilizing agent for nanoparticles in the magnetic nanogel

Chemical modification of magnetite nanoparticles and preparation of acrylic-base magnetic nanocomposite particles via miniemulsion polymerization

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Mahdieh, Athar; Mahdavian, Ali Reza, E-mail: a.mahdavian@ippi.ac.ir; Salehi-Mobarakeh, Hamid

2017-03-15

Nowadays, magnetic nanocomposite particles have attracted many interests because of their versatile applications. A new method for chemical modification of Fe{sub 3}O{sub 4} nanoparticles with polymerizable groups is presented here. After synthesis of Fe{sub 3}O{sub 4} nanoparticles by co-precipitation method, they were modified sequentially with 3-aminopropyl triethoxysilane (APTES), acryloyl chloride (AC) and benzoyl chloride (BC) and all were characterized by FTIR, XRD, SEM and TGA analyses. Then the modified magnetite nanoparticles with unsaturated acrylic groups were copolymerized with methyl methacrylate (MMA), butyl acrylate (BA) and acrylic acid (AA) through miniemulsion polymerization. Although several reports exist on preparation of magnetite-base polymer particles, but the efficiency of magnetite encapsulationwith reasonable content and obtaining final stable latexes with limited aggregation ofFe{sub 3}O{sub 4} are still important issues. These were considered here by controlling reaction parameters. Hence, a seriesofmagneticnanocomposites latex particlescontaining different amounts of Fe{sub 3}O{sub 4} nanoparticles (0–10 wt%) were prepared with core-shell morphology and diameter below 200 nm and were characterized by FT-IR, DSC and TGA analyses. Their morphology and size distribution were studied by SEM, TEM and DLS analyses too. Magnetic properties of all products were also measuredby VSM analysis and the results revealed almost superparamagnetic properties for the obtained nanocomposite particles. - Highlights: • Chemical modification of magnetite nanoparticles. • Encapsulation of modified magnetite with acrylic copolymer. • Superparamagnetic Fe3O4/polyacrylic nanocomposite particles.

Preparation and properties of multifunctional Fe-C-Y2O3:Eu3+ nanocomposites

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Yang Jingxing; Yang Xuwei; Yang Hua

2012-01-01

Highlights: ► Multifunctional Fe/Fe 3 O 4 -Y 2 O 3 : Eu nanocomposites were prepared by a solvothermal method. ► Their structure, magnetic and luminescent properties were characterized by XRD, SEM, TEM, excitation and emission spectra and vibration sample magnetometry (VSM). ► It is shown that the nanocomposites exhibit high saturation magnetization and strong red emission under UV-light. - Abstract: Multifunctional Fe-C-Y 2 O 3 :Eu 3+ nanocomposites were prepared by the solvo thermal method, and their structure, magnetic and luminescent properties were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM) and scanning electron microscope (SEM). Results show that the nanocomposites are spherical with a mean diameter of 700 nm and there are high special saturation magnetization (47.4 emu/g) and strong red emission under UV-light. Even dispersed in water solution, the nanocomposites also exhibit a strong red emission under ultraviolet light radiation, and it could be manipulated using an external magnet. Thus it looks promising for application in biomedicine field, especially in drug targeting and fluorescence label. And we also discussed the effect of the electron transfer process between the Fe magnetic core and Y 2 O 3 :Eu 3+ shell.

Magnetic graphene based nanocomposite for uranium scavenging

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

El-Maghrabi, Heba H. [Egyptian Petroleum Research Institute, 11727, Cairo (Egypt); Abdelmaged, Shaimaa M. [Nuclear Materials Authority, 6530 P.O. Box Maadi, Cairo (Egypt); Nada, Amr A. [Egyptian Petroleum Research Institute, 11727, Cairo (Egypt); Zahran, Fouad, E-mail: f.zahran@quim.ucm.es [Faculty of Science, Helwan University, 11795, Cairo (Egypt); El-Wahab, Saad Abd; Yahea, Dena [Faculty of Science, Ain shams University, Cairo (Egypt); Hussein, G.M.; Atrees, M.S. [Nuclear Materials Authority, 6530 P.O. Box Maadi, Cairo (Egypt)

2017-01-15

Graphical abstract: Graphical representation of U{sup 6+} adsorption on Magnetic Ferberite-Graphene Nanocomposite. - Highlights: • Synthesis of new magnetic wolframite bimetallic nanostructure on graphene. • A promising adsorption capacity of 455 mg/g was recorded for FG-20 within 60 min at room temperature. • The uranium removal was followed pseudo-second order kinetics and Langmuir isotherm. - Abstract: Magnetic graphene based ferberite nanocomposite was tailored by simple, green, low cost and industrial effective method. The microstructure and morphology of the designed nanomaterials were examined via XRD, Raman, FTIR, TEM, EDX and VSM. The prepared nanocomposites were introduced as a novel adsorbent for uranium ions scavenging from aqueous solution. Different operating conditions of time, pH, initial uranium concentration, adsorbent amount and temperature were investigated. The experimental data shows a promising adsorption capacity. In particular, a maximum value of 455 mg/g was obtained within 60 min at room temperature with adsorption efficiency of 90.5%. The kinetics and isotherms adsorption data were fitted with the pseudo-second order model and Langmuir equation, respectively. Finally, the designed nanocomposites were found to have a great degree of sustainability (above 5 times of profiteering) with a complete maintenance of their parental morphology and adsorption capacity.

Preparation and investigation of structural properties of magnetic diatomite nanocomposites formed with different iron content

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Yusan, Sabriye, E-mail: sabriye.doyurum@ege.edu.tr [Ege University, Institute of Nuclear Sciences, 35100 Bornova, Izmir (Turkey); Korzhynbayeva, Kuralay [Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Technology, 050040 Almaty (Kazakhstan); Aytas, Sule [Ege University, Institute of Nuclear Sciences, 35100 Bornova, Izmir (Turkey); Tazhibayeva, Sagdat; Musabekov, Kuanyshbek [Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Technology, 050040 Almaty (Kazakhstan)

2014-09-01

Highlights: • Magnetic diatomite nanocomposites were generated by partial reduction co-precipitation method. • VSM results showed that nanocomposites have superparamagnetic behaviour. • The nanocomposites were also characterized by XRD, FTIR, SEM, DTA/TGA and BET. - Abstract: Magnetic diatomite nanocomposites (MDNC) were synthesized successfully by partial reduction co-precipitation method from iron salt solution at different concentrations and characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), thermal analyses (DTA/TGA), vibrating sample magnetometry (VSM) and surface area measurements (BET). The XRD pattern of magnetic diatomite nanocomposites is face centered cubic with an average diameter of 4.67, 4.11 and 4. 82 nm as MDNC-1, MDNC-2 and MDNC-3, respectively. The saturation magnetization values for magnetic diatomite composites (diatomite/Fe ratio 1:1.5, 1:2.0 and 1:3.0) were found to be 13.81, 13.37 and 16.42 emu/g, respectively. By FT-IR spectra it was found that the main features of the silica framework were maintained after magnetite incorporation and some peak intensities were increased with magnetite loading. The cell parameter increase and the surface area decrease with increase in Fe content, observed by N{sub 2} adsorption–desorption technique, were considered as evidence of metal concentration effect in the synthesis procedure.

Luminescent, magnetic and optical properties of ZnO-ZnS nanocomposites

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Raleaooa, Pule V. [Department of Physics, University of the Free State, ZA 9300 Bloemfontein (South Africa); Department of Chemistry, University of the Free State, ZA 9300 (South Africa); Roodt, Andreas [Department of Chemistry, University of the Free State, ZA 9300 (South Africa); Mhlongo, Gugu G.; Motaung, David E. [DST/CSIR Nanotechnology Innovation Center, National Center for Nano-Structured Materials, Council for Scientific and Industrial Research, P.O. Box 395, ZA 0001 Pretoria (South Africa); Kroon, Robin E. [Department of Physics, University of the Free State, ZA 9300 Bloemfontein (South Africa); Ntwaeaborwa, Odireleng M., E-mail: ntwaeab@gmail.com [School of Physics, University of the Witwatersrand, Private Bag 3, Wits, ZA 2050 (South Africa)

2017-02-15

The structure, particle morphology, optical and magnetic properties of ZnO, ZnS and ZnO-ZnS nanoparticles prepared by the sol-gel method are reported. ZnO and ZnS were combined at room temperature by an ex situ synthetic route to prepare ZnO-ZnS nanocomposites. The nanocomposites exhibited particle morphology different from that of ZnO and ZnS nanoparticles. The ZnO and ZnS nanoparticles exhibited quantum confinement as inferred from the widening of their respective bandgap energies. The electron paramagnetic resonance data provided evidence for the existence of magnetic clusters near the surface, electron to nuclei interactions and defect states. The ZnO-ZnS nanocomposites exhibited tunable emission that was dependent on the ratio of ZnO to ZnS. These composites were evaluated for application in different types of light emitting devices.

Effect of gamma ray on magnetic bio-nanocomposite

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Asadi, Sima; Frounchi, Masoud; Dadbin, Susan

2016-01-01

Magnetic polyvinyl alcohol (M-PVA) films were prepared via solution casting filled with surface modified superparamagnetic nanoparticles (M-NPs). The M-NPs were coated with citric acid during synthesis. The chemical interaction between the citric acid and M-NPs was confirmed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). The average hydrodynamic diameter of M-NPs was 19.7 nm measured by dynamic light scattering DLS and appeared almost spherical in scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The M-NPs were uniformly dispersed in polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) matrix and showed high optical transparency with good mechanical properties. M-PVA hydrogels were synthesized using gamma irradiation. The characteristic XRD peak of PVA at 19.4° was split after irradiation indicating formation of different crystallite sizes. The M-PVA hydrogel showed higher saturation magnetization compared to un-irradiated M-PVA. Also the presence of M-NPs enhanced the crosslinking of PVA by irradiation. - Highlights: • PVA and Fe 3 O 4 nanocomposite films and hydrogels were prepared. • Gamma-irradiated hydrogels showed high saturation magnetization. • The nanocomposite films had excellent mechanical properties. • Magnetic hydrogels showed high equilibrium water content.

Effect of gamma ray on magnetic bio-nanocomposite

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Asadi, Sima [Sharif University of Technology, Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, Tehran (Iran, Islamic Republic of); Frounchi, Masoud, E-mail: frounchi@sharif.edu [Sharif University of Technology, Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, Tehran (Iran, Islamic Republic of); Dadbin, Susan [Radiation Applications Research School, Nuclear Science and Technology Research Institute, Tehran (Iran, Islamic Republic of)

2016-02-15

Magnetic polyvinyl alcohol (M-PVA) films were prepared via solution casting filled with surface modified superparamagnetic nanoparticles (M-NPs). The M-NPs were coated with citric acid during synthesis. The chemical interaction between the citric acid and M-NPs was confirmed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). The average hydrodynamic diameter of M-NPs was 19.7 nm measured by dynamic light scattering DLS and appeared almost spherical in scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The M-NPs were uniformly dispersed in polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) matrix and showed high optical transparency with good mechanical properties. M-PVA hydrogels were synthesized using gamma irradiation. The characteristic XRD peak of PVA at 19.4° was split after irradiation indicating formation of different crystallite sizes. The M-PVA hydrogel showed higher saturation magnetization compared to un-irradiated M-PVA. Also the presence of M-NPs enhanced the crosslinking of PVA by irradiation. - Highlights: • PVA and Fe{sub 3}O{sub 4} nanocomposite films and hydrogels were prepared. • Gamma-irradiated hydrogels showed high saturation magnetization. • The nanocomposite films had excellent mechanical properties. • Magnetic hydrogels showed high equilibrium water content.

Magnetic nanocomposite sensor

KAUST Repository

Alfadhel, Ahmed; Li, Bodong; Kosel, Jü rgen

2016-01-01

A magnetic nanocomposite device is described herein for a wide range of sensing applications. The device utilizes the permanent magnetic behavior of the nanowires to allow operation without the application of an additional magnetic field

Multifunctional Magnetic-fluorescent Nanocomposites for Biomedical Applications

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Rakovich Yury

2008-01-01

Full Text Available AbstractNanotechnology is a fast-growing area, involving the fabrication and use of nano-sized materials and devices. Various nanocomposite materials play a number of important roles in modern science and technology. Magnetic and fluorescent inorganic nanoparticles are of particular importance due to their broad range of potential applications. It is expected that the combination of magnetic and fluorescent properties in one nanocomposite would enable the engineering of unique multifunctional nanoscale devices, which could be manipulated using external magnetic fields. The aim of this review is to present an overview of bimodal “two-in-one” magnetic-fluorescent nanocomposite materials which combine both magnetic and fluorescent properties in one entity, in particular those with potential applications in biotechnology and nanomedicine. There is a great necessity for the development of these multifunctional nanocomposites, but there are some difficulties and challenges to overcome in their fabrication such as quenching of the fluorescent entity by the magnetic core. Fluorescent-magnetic nanocomposites include a variety of materials including silica-based, dye-functionalised magnetic nanoparticles and quantum dots-magnetic nanoparticle composites. The classification and main synthesis strategies, along with approaches for the fabrication of fluorescent-magnetic nanocomposites, are considered. The current and potential biomedical uses, including biological imaging, cell tracking, magnetic bioseparation, nanomedicine and bio- and chemo-sensoring, of magnetic-fluorescent nanocomposites are also discussed.

Preparation and structural characterization of vulcanized natural rubber nanocomposites containing nickel-zinc ferrite nanopowders.

Science.gov (United States)

Bellucci, F S; Salmazo, L O; Budemberg, E R; da Silva, M R; Rodríguez-Pérez, M A; Nobre, M A L; Job, A E

2012-03-01

Single-phase polycrystalline mixed nickel-zinc ferrites belonging to Ni0.5Zn0.5Fe2O4 were prepared on a nanometric scale (mean crystallite size equal to 14.7 nm) by chemical synthesis named the modified poliol method. Ferrite nanopowder was then incorporated into a natural rubber matrix producing nanocomposites. The samples were investigated by means of infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy and magnetic measurements. The obtained results suggest that the base concentration of nickel-zinc ferrite nanoparticles inside the polymer matrix volume greatly influences the magnetic properties of nanocomposites. A small quantity of nanoparticles, less than 10 phr, in the nanocomposite is sufficient to produce a small alteration in the semi-crystallinity of nanocomposites observed by X-ray diffraction analysis and it produces a flexible magnetic composite material with a saturation magnetization, a coercivity field and an initial magnetic permeability equal to 3.08 emu/g, 99.22 Oe and 9.42 x 10(-5) respectively.

Preparation and properties of hybrid monodispersed magnetic α-Fe2O3 based chitosan nanocomposite film for industrial and biomedical applications.

Science.gov (United States)

Singh, Jay; Srivastava, M; Dutta, Joydeep; Dutta, P K

2011-01-01

In this study, hydrothermally prepared magnetic α-Fe2O3 nanoparticles were dispersed in chitosan (CH) solution to fabricate nanocomposite film. X-ray diffraction (XRD) patterns indicated that the α-Fe2O3 nanoparticles were pure α-Fe2O3 with rhombohedral structures, and the fabrication of CH did not result in a phase change. The scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscope (TEM) results showed that the hexagonal and spherical monodispersed α-Fe2O3 nanoparticles were encapsulated into the spherical dumb shaped CH-α-Fe2O3 nanocomposite film with a mean diameter of ∼87 and ∼110 nm respectively. The α-Fe2O3 nanoparticles and CH-α-Fe2O3 nanocomposite film were also characterized by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM). Magnetic measurements revealed that the saturated magnetization (Ms) and remanent magnetization (Mr) of the pure α-Fe2O3 nanoparticles reached 0.573 emu/g and 0.100 emu/g respectively and the nanoparticles showed the characteristics of weak ferromagnetic before and after coating with CH. Copyright © 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Preparation and characterization of polyindole - iron oxide nanocomposite electrolyte

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Rajasudha, G.; Stephen, A.; Narayanan, V.

2009-01-01

Full text: A novel polyindole-iron oxide containing LiClO 4 solid polymer electrolyte has been prepared. The diverse property of magnetic nanoparticle has elicited wide interest from the point of view of technological applications. Their properties are known to be strongly dependent on size, anisotropy and inter particle interactions. The proton conducting materials has received considerable attention as electrolyte materials in technological applications such as fuel cells, sensors and electrochromic display. In this work, polyindole-iron oxide nanocomposite containing LiClO 4 was prepared by in situ polymerization. The indole was polymerized in the presence of iron oxide, using ammonium peroxy disulphate as an oxidizing agent. The polyindole-iron oxide nanocomposite was characterized by XRD, IR, SEM, TGA and TEM. The iron oxide nano particles was incorporated into polyindole and was confirmed by XRD and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. The surface Morphology and thermal stability were studied by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and SEM respectively. The ionic conductivity of polyindole electrolyte was analyzed from impedance spectrum. The prepared polyindole-iron oxide nanocomposite could be used as solid electrolyte in lithium ion batteries

Parylene nanocomposites using modified magnetic nanoparticles

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Garcia, Ignacio; Luzuriaga, A. Ruiz de; Grande, H.; Jeandupeux, L.; Charmet, J.; Laux, E.; Keppner, H.; Mecerreyes, D.; Cabanero, German

2010-01-01

Parylene/Fe 3 O 4 nanocomposites were synthesized and characterized. The nanocomposites were obtained by chemical vapour deposition polymerization of Parylene onto functionalized Fe 3 O 4 nanoparticles. For this purpose, allyltrichlorosilane was used to modify the surface of 7 nm size Fe 3 O 4 nanoparticles obtained by the coprecipitation method. The magnetic nanoparticles and obtained nanocomposite were characterized with X-ray diffraction (XRD), infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA) and magnetic measurements (SQUID). The successful incorporation of different amounts of nanoparticles into Parylene was confirmed by FTIR and TGA. Interestingly, increments in saturation magnetization of the nanocomposites were observed ranging from 0 emu/g of neat Parylene to 16.94 emu/g in the case of nanocomposite films that contained 27.5 wt% of nanoparticles.

Biomimetic magnetic nanocomposite for smart skins

KAUST Repository

Alfadhel, Ahmed; Kosel, Jü rgen

2015-01-01

We report a biomimetic tactile sensor consisting of magnetic nanocomposite artificial cilia and magnetic sensors. The nanocomposite is fashioned from polydimethylsiloxane and iron nanowires and exhibits a permanent magnetic behavior. This enables remote operation without an additional magnetic field to magnetize the nanowires, which simplifies device integration. Moreover, the highly elastic and easy patternable nanocomposite is corrosion resistant and thermally stable. The highly sensitive and power efficient tactile sensors can detect vertical and shear forces from interactions with objects. The sensors can operate in dry and wet environment with the ability to measure different properties such as the texture and the movement or stability of objects, with easily adjustable performance.

Biomimetic magnetic nanocomposite for smart skins

KAUST Repository

Alfadhel, Ahmed

2015-11-01

We report a biomimetic tactile sensor consisting of magnetic nanocomposite artificial cilia and magnetic sensors. The nanocomposite is fashioned from polydimethylsiloxane and iron nanowires and exhibits a permanent magnetic behavior. This enables remote operation without an additional magnetic field to magnetize the nanowires, which simplifies device integration. Moreover, the highly elastic and easy patternable nanocomposite is corrosion resistant and thermally stable. The highly sensitive and power efficient tactile sensors can detect vertical and shear forces from interactions with objects. The sensors can operate in dry and wet environment with the ability to measure different properties such as the texture and the movement or stability of objects, with easily adjustable performance.

Structural and magnetic properties of Ni-Zn doped BaM nanocomposite via citrate precursor

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Rana, Kush; Thakur, Preeti; Thakur, Atul; Tomar, Monika; Gupta, Vinay

2016-01-01

Ni-Zn substituted M-type barium ferrite nanocomposite has been prepared via citrate precursor method. Nanocomposite having composition BaNi_0_._5Zn_0_._5Fe_1_1O_1_9 was sintered at 900°C for 3hrs and characterized by using different characterization techniques. X-ray diffraction (XRD) confirmed the formation of double phase with most prominent peak at (114). Average crystallite size for pure BaM and BNZFO were found to be 36 nm & 45 nm. Field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) confirmed the formation of hexagonal platelets with a layered structure. Magnetic properties of these samples were investigated by using vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM). Magnetic parameters like saturation magnetization (M_s), coericivity (H_c) and squareness ratio (SQR) of nanocomposite were found to be 60 emu/g, 3663 Oe and 0.6163 respectively. These values were noticed to be higher as compared to pure BaM. Enhanced magnetic properties of nanocomposite were strongly dependent on exchange coupling. Therefore these properties make this nanocomposite a suitable candidate for magnetic recording and high frequency applications.

Thermal conductivity and viscosity of hybrid nanfluids prepared with magnetic nanodiamond-cobalt oxide (ND-Co3O4 nanocomposite

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

L. Syam Sundar

2016-03-01

Full Text Available Synthesis of magnetic nanodiamond-cobalt oxide (ND-Co3O4 nanocomposite material; preparation of nanofluids and estimation of thermal properties such as thermal conductivity and viscosity has been explained experimentally in this paper. The nanocomposite material has been synthesized by using in-situ growth technique and chemical coprecipitation between cobalt chloride and sodium borohydrate. The various techniques such as XRD, TEM, XPS and VSM have been used to confirm the ND and Co3O4 phase of synthesized nanocomposite. The hybrid nanofluids have been prepared by dispersing synthesized ND-Co3O4 nanocomposite in water, ethylene glycol/water mixtures. The thermal properties such as thermal conductivity and viscosity have been measured experimentally at different weight concentrations and temperatures. The results reveal that the thermal conductivity enhancements are about 16%, 9%, 14%, 11% and 10% for water, EG, 20:80%, 40:60%, and 60:40% EG/W based nanofluids at 0.15 wt% concentrations and at 60 °C respectively. Similarly the viscosity enhancements are about 1.45-times, 1.46-times, 1.15-times, 1.19-times, and 1.51-times for water, EG, 20:80%, 40:60%, and 60:40% EG/W based nanofluids at 0.15 wt% concentrations and at 60 °C respectively. Based on the experimental data new correlations for thermal conductivity and viscosity have been developed.

Barium ferrite/epoxy resin nanocomposite system: Fabrication, dielectric, magnetic and hydration studies

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

A. Kanapitsas

2016-03-01

Full Text Available Composite systems of epoxy resin and barium ferrite nanoparticles have been prepared, and studied varying the content of the inclusions. Morphology of prepared samples has been examined via scanning electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction spectra, while electrical and magnetic properties were investigated by means of broadband dielectric spectroscopy, and magnetization tests respectively. Finally, water vapor sorption measurements were conducted in order to study the water sorption dynamics of the system. Electron microscopy images revealed the successful fabrication of nanocomposites. Dielectric permittivity increases with filler content, while three relaxation processes were detected in the relative spectra. These processes are attributed to interfacial polarization, glass to rubber transition of the matrix, and re-orientation of polar side groups of the polymer’s chain. Magnetization and magnetic saturation increase with magnetic nano-powder content. Nanocomposites absorb a small amount of water, not exceeding 1.7 wt%, regardless filler content, indicating their hydrophobic character.

Drug-Carrying Magnetic Nanocomposite Particles for Potential Drug Delivery Systems

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

R. Asmatulu

2009-01-01

nanoparticles and poly (D,L-lactide-co-glycolide (PLGA for the purpose of magnetic targeted drug delivery. Magnetic nanoparticles (∼13 nm on average of magnetite were prepared by a chemical coprecipitation of ferric and ferrous chloride salts in the presence of a strong basic solution (ammonium hydroxide. An oil-in-oil emulsion/solvent evaporation technique was conducted at 7000 rpm and 1.5–2 hours agitation for the synthesis of nanocomposite spheres. Specifically, PLGA and drug were first dissolved in acetonitrile (oily phase I and combined with magnetic nanoparticles, then added dropwise into viscous paraffin oil combined with Span 80 (oily phase II. With different contents (0%, 10%, 20%, and 25% of magnetite, the nanocomposite spheres were evaluated in terms of particle size, morphology, and magnetic properties by using dynamic laser light scattering (DLLS, scanning electron microscopy (SEM, transmission electron microscopy (TEM, and a superconducting quantum interference device (SQUID. The results indicate that nanocomposite spheres (200 nm to 1.1 μm in diameter are superparamagnetic above the blocking temperature near 40 K and their magnetization saturates above 5 000 Oe at room temperature.

Synthesis, characterization and antibacterial effect of new magnetically core–shell nanocomposites

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Allafchian, Alireza, E-mail: Allafchian@cc.iut.ac.ir [Nanotechnology and Advanced Materials Institute, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan 84156 83111 (Iran, Islamic Republic of); Bahramian, Hamid [Department of physics, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan 84156 83111 (Iran, Islamic Republic of); Hossein Jalali, Seyed Amir [Institute of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan 84156 83111 (Iran, Islamic Republic of); Ahmadvand, Hossein [Department of physics, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan 84156 83111 (Iran, Islamic Republic of)

2015-11-15

A new magnetically responsive three-component nanocomposite consisting of NiFe{sub 2}O{sub 4}, Poly Acrylonitrile Co Maleic Anhydride (PAMA) and nanosilver was synthesized and characterized and then its antibacterial activities were tested. For the preparation of NiFe{sub 2}O{sub 4}@Ag, NiFe{sub 2}O{sub 4} was coated by Ag and for the synthesis of NiFe{sub 2}O{sub 4}@PAMA@Ag, NiFe{sub 2}O{sub 4} was first covered by PAMA and then silver nanoparticles were immobilized on the surface of the PAMA shell. The nanocomposites were studied using X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM). The antibacterial activity of the synthesized nanocomposite against some gram positive and gram negative bacteria was studied and compared with that of naked NiFe{sub 2}O{sub 4}, NiFe{sub 2}O{sub 4}@Ag and NiFe{sub 2}O{sub 4}@PAMA. The NiFe{sub 2}O{sub 4}@PAMA@Ag had better antibacterial activity and could be readily isolated from the aqueous solution via magnetic decantation, thereby avoiding the contamination of the environment. - Highlights: • A novel NiFe{sub 2}O{sub 4}@PAMA@Ag nanocomposites magnetic composite has been prepared. • This system display potent antimicrobial activity toward some bacterial species. • The antibacterial effect was studied by disk diffusion method. • This composite can be easily removed from solution by magnetic decantation.

Magnetic properties of cobalt ferrite-silica nanocomposites prepared by a sol-gel autocombustion technique

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Cannas, C.; Musinu, A.; Piccaluga, G.

2006-01-01

The magnetic properties of cobalt ferrite-silica nanocomposites with different concentrations (15, 30, and 50 wt %) and sizes (7, 16, and 28 nm) of ferrite particles have been studied by static magnetization measurements and Mossbauer spectroscopy. The results indicate a superparamagnetic behavio...

Structural and magnetic properties of Ni-Zn doped BaM nanocomposite via citrate precursor

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Rana, Kush; Thakur, Preeti; Thakur, Atul, E-mail: atulphysics@gmail.com [School of Physics and Materials Science, Shoolini University, Solan, India 173212 (India); Tomar, Monika; Gupta, Vinay [Department of Physics and Astrophysics, University of Delhi, Delhi, India 110007 (India)

2016-05-23

Ni-Zn substituted M-type barium ferrite nanocomposite has been prepared via citrate precursor method. Nanocomposite having composition BaNi{sub 0.5}Zn{sub 0.5}Fe{sub 11}O{sub 19} was sintered at 900°C for 3hrs and characterized by using different characterization techniques. X-ray diffraction (XRD) confirmed the formation of double phase with most prominent peak at (114). Average crystallite size for pure BaM and BNZFO were found to be 36 nm & 45 nm. Field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) confirmed the formation of hexagonal platelets with a layered structure. Magnetic properties of these samples were investigated by using vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM). Magnetic parameters like saturation magnetization (M{sub s}), coericivity (H{sub c}) and squareness ratio (SQR) of nanocomposite were found to be 60 emu/g, 3663 Oe and 0.6163 respectively. These values were noticed to be higher as compared to pure BaM. Enhanced magnetic properties of nanocomposite were strongly dependent on exchange coupling. Therefore these properties make this nanocomposite a suitable candidate for magnetic recording and high frequency applications.

Carbon-Nickel oxide nanocomposites: Preparation and charecterisation

CSIR Research Space (South Africa)

Tile, N

2011-07-01

Full Text Available Nanocomposite materials have wide range of applications in solar energy conversion. In this work, C-NiO nanocomposite coatings are prepared using sol-gel synthesis and deposited on aluminium substrates using a spin coater. The coatings are prepared...

Preparation, characterization and antimicrobial efficiency of Ag/PDDA-diatomite nanocomposite.

Science.gov (United States)

Panáček, Aleš; Balzerová, Anna; Prucek, Robert; Ranc, Václav; Večeřová, Renata; Husičková, Vendula; Pechoušek, Jiří; Filip, Jan; Zbořil, Radek; Kvítek, Libor

2013-10-01

Nanocomposites consisting of diatomaceous earth particles and silver nanoparticles (silver NPs) with high antimicrobial activity were prepared and characterized. For the purpose of nanocomposite preparation, silver NPs with an average size of 28nm prepared by modified Tollens process were used. Nanocomposites were prepared using poly(diallyldimethylammonium) chloride (PDDA) as an interlayer substance between diatomite and silver NPs which enables to change diatomite original negative surface charge to positive one. Due to strong electrostatic interactions between negatively charged silver NPs and positively charged PDDA-modified diatomite, Ag/PDDA-diatomite nanocomposites with a high content of silver (as high as 46.6mgAg/1g of diatomite) were prepared. Because of minimal release of silver NPs from prepared nanocomposites to aqueous media (<0.3mg Ag/1g of nanocomposite), the developed nanocomposites are regarded as a potential useful antimicrobial material with a long-term efficiency showing no risk to human health or environment. All the prepared nanocomposites exhibit a high bactericidal activity against Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria and fungicidal activity against yeasts at very low concentrations as low as 0.11g/L, corresponding to silver concentration of 5mg/L. Hence, the prepared nanocomposites constitute a promising candidate suitable for the microbial water treatment in environmental applications. Copyright © 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Exchange spring magnetic behavior in BaFe{sub 12}O{sub 19}/Fe{sub 3}O{sub 4} nanocomposites

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Remya, K.P. [Department of Nanoscience and Technology, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore 641 046 (India); Prabhu, D. [Centre for Automotive Energy Materials, ARCI, Chennai 600 113 (India); Amirthapandian, S. [Materials Science Group, Indira Gandhi Centre for Atomic Research, Kalpakkam 603 102 (India); Viswanathan, C.; Ponpandian, N. [Department of Nanoscience and Technology, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore 641 046 (India)

2016-05-15

We report the investigation on exchange spring coupling behavior of BaFe{sub 12}O{sub 19}/Fe{sub 3}O{sub 4} nanocomposite synthesized by simple mixing followed by heat treatment of individual ferrites. Morphologically tuned, well crystalline hard and soft ferrites were synthesized by simple chemical method and the phase composition, crystallinity, surface morphology and magnetic properties of the as prepared ferrites as well as the nanocomposites were studied by using XRD, FESEM and VSM respectively. Exchange coupling behavior is observed in the nanocomposite samples heated at 600 °C with simultaneous enhancements of (BH){sub max} and remanence. - Highlights: • Hard/Soft magnetic nanocomposite was prepared by simple mixing and heat treatment. • Simple chemical method was employed for the synthesis of pristine hard and soft magnetic nanostructures. • Microscopic studies show the presence of both phases. • Exchange-spring behavior was observed in BaFe{sub 12}O{sub 19}/Fe{sub 3}O{sub 4} nanocomposite. • Evaluated using switching field distribution curve.

Radiolytic Synthesis of Magnetic Nanocomposites

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Grdanovska, Slavica; Tissot, Chanel; Barkatt, Aaron; Al-Sheikhly, Mohamad [Nuclear Engineering Program – Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Maryland, College Park, MD (United States)

2011-07-01

Magnetic nanocomposites, in which magnetic nanoparticles are encapsulated in polymeric matrices, have important applications in medicine, electronics and mechanical devices. However, the development of processes leading to magnetic nanocomposites with desirable, predictable and reproducible properties has turned out to be a difficult challenge. To date, most studies have concentrated on a magnetic oxide, primarily magnetite (Fe{sub 3}O{sub 4}), as the encapsulated phase. However, the synthesis of batches of magnetite with homogeneous properties at reasonably low temperature is a delicate operation. Indeed, commercial lots of magnetite powder, despite having bulk Fe{sub 3}O{sub 4} stoichiometry, turn out to have large variations in structure and in magnetic properties. The difficulties in controlling the product are greatly magnified when the particle size is in the nanometer range.

Preparation and thermomechanical properties of Ag-PVA nanocomposite films

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Gautam, Anurag; Ram, S.

2010-01-01

Metal-polymer hybrid nanocomposites have been prepared from an aqueous solution of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) and silver nitrate (AgNO 3 ). The silver nanoparticles were generated in PVA matrix by the reduction of silver ions with PVA molecule at 60-70 deg. C over magnetic stirrer. UV-vis analysis, X-ray diffraction studies, transmission electron microscopy, scanning electron microscopy and current-voltage analysis were used to characterize the nanocomposite films prepared. The X-ray diffraction analysis reveals that silver metal is present in face centered cubic (fcc) crystal structure. Average crystallite size of silver nanocrystal is 19 nm, which increases to 22 nm on annealing the film at 150 deg. C in air. This result is in good agreement with the result obtained from TEM. The UV-vis spectrum shows a single peak at 433 nm, arising from the surface plasmon absorption of silver nanocolloids. This result clearly indicates that silver nanoparticles are embedded in PVA. An improvement of mechanical properties (storage modulus) was also noticed due to a modification of PVA up to 0.5 wt% of silver content. The current-voltage (I-V) characteristic of nanocomposite films shows increase in current drawn with increasing Ag-content in the films.

Magnetically anisotropic additive for scalable manufacturing of polymer nanocomposite: iron-coated carbon nanotubes

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Yamamoto, Namiko; Manohara, Harish; Platzman, Ellen

2016-01-01

Novel nanoparticles additives for polymer nanocomposites were prepared by coating carbon nanotubes (CNTs) with ferromagnetic iron (Fe) layers, so that their micro-structures can be bulk-controlled by external magnetic field application. Application of magnetic fields is a promising, scalable method to deliver bulk amount of nanocomposites while maintaining organized nanoparticle assembly throughout the uncured polymer matrix. In this work, Fe layers (∼18 nm thick) were deposited on CNTs (∼38 nm diameter and ∼50 μm length) to form thin films with high aspect ratio, resulting in a dominance of shape anisotropy and thus high coercivity of ∼50–100 Oe. The Fe-coated CNTs were suspended in water and applied with a weak magnetic field of ∼75 G, and yet preliminary magnetic assembly was confirmed. Our results demonstrate that the fabricated Fe-coated CNTs are magnetically anisotropic and effectively respond to magnetic fields that are ∼10 3 times smaller than other existing work (∼10 5 G). We anticipate this work will pave the way for effective property enhancement and bulk application of CNT–polymer nanocomposites, through controlled micro-structure and scalable manufacturing. (paper)

Magnetic polymer nanocomposites for sensing applications

KAUST Repository

Alfadhel, Ahmed

2014-11-01

We report the fabrication and characterization of magnetic polymer nanocomposites for a wide range of sensing applications. The composites are made of magnetic nanowires (NWs) incorporated into polymers such as polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) or UV sensitive SU-S. The developed composites utilize the permanent magnetic behavior of the NWs, allowing remote operation without an additional magnetic field to magnetize the NWs, which simplifies miniaturization and integration in microsystems. In addition, the nanocomposite benefits from the easy patterning of the polymer leading to a corrosion resistant, highly elastic, and permanent magnetic material that can be used to develop highly sensitive systems. Nanocomposite pillars are realized and integrated on magnetic sensor elements to achieve highly sensitive and power efficient flow and tactile sensors. The developed flow sensor can detect air and water flow at a power consumption as little as SO nW and a resolution up to 15 μm/s with easily modifiable performance. A tactile sensor element prototype is realized using the same concept, where a pressure range of 0-169 kPa is detected with a resolution of up to 1.3 kPa. © 2014 IEEE.

Nanocomposite Nd-Y-Fe-B-Mo bulk magnets prepared by injection casting technique

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Tao, Shan [Magnetism Key Laboratory of Zhejiang Province, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou 310018 (China); Ahmad, Zubair [State Key Laboratory of Silicon Materials, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027 (China); Zhang, Pengyue [Magnetism Key Laboratory of Zhejiang Province, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou 310018 (China); Yan, Mi, E-mail: mse_yanmi@zju.edu.cn [State Key Laboratory of Silicon Materials, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027 (China); Zheng, Xiaomei [Magnetism Key Laboratory of Zhejiang Province, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou 310018 (China)

2017-09-01

Highlights: • Nanocomposite Nd{sub 7}Y{sub 6}Fe{sub 61}B{sub 22}Mo{sub 4} sheet magnets were synthesized by injection casting. • High coercivity of 1289 kA/m was obtained for the directly casted magnet. • Magnetic properties arise from magnetically exchange coupled soft and hard phases. - Abstract: The phase composition, magnetic and microstructural properties of Nd{sub 2}Fe{sub 14}B/(α-Fe, Fe{sub 3}B) nanocomposite magnets produced by injection casting technique have been studied. Magnetic hysteresis loop of the Nd{sub 7}Y{sub 6}Fe{sub 61}B{sub 22}Mo{sub 4} permanent magnet demonstrates the coercivity as high as 1289 kA/m. Electron microscopy elucidates a microstructure composed of magnetically soft α-Fe, Fe{sub 3}B and hard Nd{sub 2}Fe{sub 14}B/Y{sub 2}Fe{sub 14}B nanograins (20–50 nm) separated by ultra-thin grain boundary layer. The Henkel plot curve of the Nd{sub 7}Y{sub 6}Fe{sub 61}B{sub 22}Mo{sub 4} magnet yields the existence of exchange coupling interactions between soft and hard phases. Macroscopically large size sheet magnet is obtained due to high glass forming ability of the Nd{sub 7}Y{sub 6}Fe{sub 61}B{sub 22}Mo{sub 4} alloy derived from large atomic radius mismatch and negative enthalpy of alloy constituent elements. The high coercivity of the magnet is attributed to the magnetically hard phase increment, nucleation of reverse domains and the presence of thin grain boundary phase. Good magnetic properties such as remanence of 0.51 T, coercivity of 1289 kA/m and maximum energy product of 46.2 kJ/m{sup 3} are obtained in directly casted Nd{sub 7}Y{sub 6}Fe{sub 61}B{sub 22}Mo{sub 4} sheet magnets.

Preparation and evaluation of magnetic nanocomposite fibers containing α″-Fe16N2 and α-Fe nanoparticles in polyvinylpyrrolidone via magneto-electrospinning

Science.gov (United States)

Kartikowati, Christina W.; Suhendi, Asep; Zulhijah, Rizka; Ogi, Takashi; Iwaki, Toru; Okuyama, Kikuo

2016-01-01

Two kinds of ferromagnetic nanocomposite fiber comprising α″-Fe16N2 and α-Fe nanoparticles (NPs), which have the highest magnetic moments as hard and soft magnetic materials, respectively, embedded in polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) have been synthesized via the magneto-electrospinning method. Both α″-Fe16N2 and α-Fe were single-domain core-shell NPs with an average outer diameter of 50 nm and Al2O3 as the shell. Ferrofluid precursors used for the electrospinning were prepared by dispersing these NPs in a PVP-toluene-methanol solution. The results show that applying the magnetic field in the same direction as the electric field resulted in smaller and more uniform fiber diameters. Nanocomposite fibers containing α″-Fe16N2 had smaller diameters than those containing α-Fe NPs. These magnetic-field effects on the fiber formation were explained by referring to the kinetic energy of the moving jet in the electrospinning process. In addition, magnetic hysteresis curves showed an enhancement of the magnetic coercivity (H c) and remanence (M r) by 22.9% and 22.25%, respectively. These results imply a promising possibility of constructing bulk magnetic materials using α″-Fe16N2 NPs, which furthermore reveals attractive features for many other magnetic applications, such as magnetic sensors.

Ultrasonic-assisted synthesis and magnetic studies of iron oxide/MCM-41 nanocomposite

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Ursachi, Irina; Vasile, Aurelia; Ianculescu, Adelina; Vasile, Eugeniu; Stancu, Alexandru

2011-01-01

Highlights: → A quick and facile route for the synthesis of iron oxide/MCM-41 nanocomposite. → Magnetic nanoparticles were stabilized inside the pores of mesoporous silica MCM-41. → The pore size of MCM-41 dictates the properties of iron oxide nanoparticles. → The procedure provides a narrow size distribution of magnetic nanoparticles. - Abstract: Iron oxide nanoparticles were stabilized within the pores of mesoporous silica MCM-41 amino-functionalized by a sonochemical method. Formation of iron oxide nanoparticles inside the mesoporous channels of amino-functionalized MCM-41 was realized by wet impregnation using iron nitrate, followed by calcinations at 550 deg. C in air. The effect of functionalization level on structural and magnetic properties of obtained nanocomposites was studied. The resulting materials were characterized by powder X-ray diffraction (XRD), high-resolution transmission electron microscopy and selected area electron diffraction (HRTEM and SAED), vibrating sample and superconducting quantum interface magnetometers (VSM and SQUID) and nitrogen adsorption-desorption isotherms measurements. The HRTEM images reveal that the most of the iron oxide nanoparticles were dispersed inside the mesopores of silica matrix and the pore diameter of the amino-functionalized MCM-41 matrix dictates the particle size of iron oxide nanoparticles. The obtained material possesses mesoporous structure and interesting magnetic properties. Saturation magnetization value of magnetic iron oxide nanopatricles stabilized in MCM-41 amino-functionalized by in situ sonochemical synthesis was 1.84 emu g -1 . An important finding is that obtained magnetic nanocomposite materials exhibit enhanced magnetic properties than those of iron oxide/MCM-41 nanocomposite obtained by conventional method. The described method is providing a rather short preparation time and a narrow size distribution of iron oxide nanoparticles.

YVO{sub 4}:Eu{sup 3+}, Dy{sup 3+}-Fe{sub 3}O{sub 4} co-doped nanocomposites: preparation, luminescent, and magnetic properties

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Liu Deming; Shi Jianhui; Tong Lizhu; Ren Xiaozhen; Li Quanhong; Yang Hua, E-mail: huayang86@sina.com [Jilin University, College of Chemistry (China)

2012-11-15

A series of different concentrations of Eu{sup 3+} and Dy{sup 3+} ions co-doping yttrium vanadate phosphors coated with Fe{sub 3}O{sub 4} (YVO{sub 4}:Eu{sup 3+}, Dy{sup 3+}-Fe{sub 3}O{sub 4}) was successful prepared by using two steps route including sol-gel method and hydrothermal method. The resulting phase formation, particle morphology, structure, luminescent, and magnetic properties were examined by X-ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy, photoluminescence spectra, and vibrating sample magnetometer. The results indicate that the diameter of the YVO{sub 4}:Eu{sup 3+}, Dy{sup 3+}-Fe{sub 3}O{sub 4} nanocomposites is 100-300 nm. The special saturation magnetization Ms of the nanocomposites is 53 emu/g. Additionally, the emission intensities of YVO{sub 4}:Eu{sup 3+} or Dy{sup 3+} ions are regularly changed with the emission doping concentrations. After coating with Fe{sub 3}O{sub 4}, the variation of the luminescent intensity of YVO{sub 4}:Eu{sup 3+}, Dy{sup 3+}-Fe{sub 3}O{sub 4} magnetic phosphors is different.

Magnetofluorescent nanocomposites and quantum dots used for optimal application in magnetic fluorescence-linked immunoassay.

Science.gov (United States)

Tsai, H Y; Li, S Y; Fuh, C Bor

2018-03-01

Magnetofluorescent nanocomposites with optimal magnetic and fluorescent properties were prepared and characterized by combining magnetic nanoparticles (iron oxide@polymethyl methacrylate) with fluorescent nanoparticles (rhodamine 6G@mSiO 2 ). Experimental parameters were optimized to produce nanocomposites with high magnetic susceptibility and fluorescence intensity. The detection of a model biomarker (alpha-fetoprotein) was used to demonstrate the feasibility of applying the magnetofluorescent nanocomposites combined with quantum dots and using magnetic fluorescence-linked immunoassay. The magnetofluorescent nanocomposites enable efficient mixing, fast re-concentration, and nanoparticle quantization for optimal reactions. Biofunctional quantum dots were used to confirm the alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) content in sandwich immunoassay after mixing and washing. The analysis time was only one third that required in ELISA. The detection limit was 0.2 pg mL -1 , and the linear range was 0.68 pg mL -1 -6.8 ng mL -1 . This detection limit is lower, and the linear range is wider than those of ELISA and other methods. The measurements made using the proposed method differed by less than 13% from those obtained using ELISA for four AFP concentrations (0.03, 0.15, 0.75, and 3.75 ng mL -1 ). The proposed method has a considerable potential for biomarker detection in various analytical and biomedical applications. Graphical abstract Magnetofluorescent nanocomposites combined with fluorescent quantum dots were used in magnetic fluorescence-linked immunoassay.

Microstructural and magnetotransport studies of novel manganite–sebacic acid nanocomposites prepared at low temperature

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Romero, Mariano; Faccio, Ricardo; Pardo, Helena; Tumelero, Milton A.; Pasa, André A.; Mombrú, Álvaro W.

2015-01-01

Novel La 2/3 Sr 1/3 MnO 3 :sebacic acid nanocomposites (LSMO–SA-X) were prepared for different fraction additions (X) of sebacic acid (SA). The preparation of these nanocomposites was performed at low temperatures (T∼130 °C) avoiding partial decomposition of the organic matrix. The microstructure of these LSMO–SA-X nanocomposites was studied by small angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) technique and both nanoparticles size and inter-particle distances were estimated. The magnetic, electrical and magnetotransport properties were also investigated. An enhancement in the low-field magnetoresistance (LFMR) for lower fractions of SA was obtained with respect to pure LSMO and higher fraction additions showed a decrease in the LFMR due to the higher separation distance between LSMO nanoparticles. The tunnel barrier thickness observed in these nanocomposites was correlated with the interparticle distance obtained by SAXS. The enhancement of magnetoresistance was attributed to the increase in the extrinsic disorder promoted by the SA addition and no enhancement due to intrinsic magnetoresistance of LSMO was evidenced. - Highlights: • The synthesis of novel manganite-sebacic acid nanocomposites is reported. • Microstructural trends are shown using the GISAXS technique. • An enhancement on the LFMR in the nanocomposites with respect to pure manganite was evidenced. • Correlation between microstructure and magnetotransport is discussed

Enhanced coercivity in α-(Fe,Co)/(Nd,Pr)2Fe14B nanocomposite magnets via interfacial modification

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Li Wei; Li Lanlan; Li Xiaohong; Sun Hongyu; Zhang Xiangyi

2008-01-01

We have prepared α-(Fe,Co)/(Nd,Pr) 2 Fe 14 B nanocomposite magnets having a high coercivity H c = 7.5 kOe and a large energy product (BH) max = 22.7 MGOe by interfacial modification using an intergranular amorphous phase, as compared with the corresponding values obtained without the intergranular phase, H c = 5.5 kOe and (BH) max = 16.1 MGOe. The enhanced coercivity is attributed to the increase in the nucleation field for magnetization reversal due to interfacial modification. This demonstrates a counter-intuitive approach for enhancing the magnetic properties of nanocomposite magnets

Synthesis and characterization of foldable and magnetic field-sensitive, freestanding poly(vinyl acetate)/poly(vinyl chloride)/polyfuran composite and nanocomposite films

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Sarıtaş, Sevilay; Eşsiz, Serpil; Sarı, Bekir, E-mail: bsari@gazi.edu.tr

2017-07-01

Highlights: • In this study, ternary composite/nanocomposite films were synthesized. • Magnetic field-sensitive folding films were prepared without any elastomer. • Morphological studies show that all composite films have a smooth surface. • The ternary composites/nanocomposite show improved thermal stability compared to the pure PF. - Abstract: In this study, polyfuran and poly(vinyl acetate)/poly(vinyl chloride)/polyfuran ternary composites were synthesized via the chemical polymerization method. The temperature and magnetic field–sensitive novel composites and the nanocomposite were obtained in the form of powders and films. It was observed that the prepared novel conductive films have superior properties at a certain temperature range (25–50 °C) such as bending and folding. The structural properties, thermal behavior, surface morphology, internal structure, and surface roughness of the prepared samples were investigated by various characterization techniques. The conductivities of the samples were measured at room temperature and different temperatures by the four-point technique. X-ray Diffraction analysis results demonstrated that the PF and composites have an amorphous structure, whereas the nanocomposite is in crystalline form. The saturation magnetization (Ms) values of the magnetite and nanocomposite were found to be 58.9 and 5.3 emu g{sup −1}, respectively. It was found that magnetite-doped nanocomposite has superparamagnetic properties at room temperature.

Electrochemical preparation of poly(methylene blue)/graphene nanocomposite thin films

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Erçarıkcı, Elif; Dağcı, Kader; Topçu, Ezgi; Alanyalıoğlu, Murat

2014-01-01

Highlights: • Poly(MB)/graphene thin films are prepared by a simple electrochemical approach. • Graphene layers in the film show a broad band in visible region of absorbance spectra. • Morphology of composite films indicates both disordered and ordered regions. • XRD reveals that nanocomposite films include rGO layers after electropolymerization process. • Chemically prepared graphene is better than electrochemically prepared graphene for electrooxidation of nitrite. - Abstract: Poly(methylene blue)/graphene nanocomposite thin films were prepared by electropolymerization of methylene blue in the presence of graphene which have been synthesized by two different methods of a chemical oxidation process and an electrochemical approach. Synthesized nanocomposite thin films were characterized by using cyclic voltammetry, UV–vis. absorption spectroscopy, powder X-ray diffraction, and scanning tunneling microscopy techniques. Electrocatalytical properties of prepared poly(methylene blue)/graphene nanocomposite films were compared toward electrochemical oxidation of nitrite. Under optimized conditions, electrocatalytical effect of nanocomposite films of chemically prepared graphene through electrochemical oxidation of nitrite was better than that of electrochemically prepared graphene

Ziegler-Natta catalyst for polypropylene and polyethylene nanocomposites preparation

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Silvino, Alexandre C.; Dias, Marcos L.; Bezerra, Ana Beatriz F.

2009-01-01

Polypropylene and polyethylene nanocomposites are well known for their improved properties when compared with the neat polymers. In this work we report the preparation, characterization and the activity studies of a fourth generation Ziegler-Natta catalyst for the preparation of polyolefin/clay nanocomposites. The catalyst was prepared treating an organo-modified silicate with magnesium and titanium compounds. The content of titanium and that of the magnesium of the catalyst were determined by UV-vis spectroscopy and atomic absorption respectively. The first results show that the catalyst is active for propylene polymerization being suitable for polypropylene/clay nanocomposite preparation. The catalyst activity for ethylene polymerization was also investigated. The X-ray diffraction patterns of the polyethylene samples suggest the clay exfoliation occurs in the in situ polymerization, even with high clay loading (about 9 %) indicating that a nanocomposite was formed. (author)

A biodegradable shape-memory nanocomposite with excellent magnetism sensitivity

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Yu Xiongjun; Zhou Shaobing; Zheng Xiaotong; Guo Tao; Xiao Yu; Song Botao

2009-01-01

This paper reports a kind of biodegradable nanocomposite which can show an excellent shape-memory property in hot water or in an alternating magnetic field with f = 20 kH and H = 6.8 kA m -1 . The nanocomposite is composed of crosslinked poly(ε-caprolactone) (c-PCL) and Fe 3 O 4 nanoparticles. The crosslinking reaction in PCL with linear molecular structure was realized using benzoyl peroxide (BPO) as an initiator. The biocompatible Fe 3 O 4 magnetite nanoparticles with an average size of 10 nm were synthesized according to a chemical coprecipitation method. The initial results from c-PCL showed crosslinking modification had brought about a large enhancement in shape-memory effect for PCL. Then a series of composites made of Fe 3 O 4 nanoparticles and c-PCL were prepared and their morphological properties, mechanical properties, thermodynamic properties and shape-memory effect were investigated in succession. Significantly, the photos of the shape-memory process confirmed the anticipatory magnetically responsive shape-recovery effect of the nanocomposites because inductive heat from Fe 3 O 4 can be utilized to actuate the c-PCL vivification from their frozen temporary shape. All the results imply a very feasible method to fabricate shape-memory PCL-based nanocomposites since just a simple modification is required. Additionally, this modification would endow an excellent shape-memory effect to all other kinds of polymers so that they could broadly serve in various fields, especially in medicine.

A single magnetic nanocomposite cilia force sensor

KAUST Repository

Alfadhel, Ahmed; Khan, Mohammed Asadullah; Cardoso, Susana; Kosel, Jü rgen

2016-01-01

The advancements in fields like robotics and medicine continuously require improvements of sensor devices and more engagement of cooperative sensing technologies. For example, instruments such as tweezers with sensitive force sensory heads could provide the ability to sense a variety of physical quantities in real time, such as the amount and direction of the force applied or the texture of the gripped object. Force sensors with such abilities could be great solutions toward the development of smart surgical tools. In this work, a unique force sensor that can be integrated at the tips of robotic arms or surgical tools is reported. The force sensor consists of a single bioinspired, permanent magnetic and highly elastic nanocomposite cilia integrated on a magnetic field sensing element. The nanocomposite is prepared from permanent magnetic nanowires incorporated into the highly elastic polydimethylsiloxane. We demonstrate the potential of this concept by performing several experiments to show the performance of the force sensor. The developed sensor element has a 200 μm in diameter single cilium with 1:5 aspect ratio and shows a detection range up to 1 mN with a sensitivity of 1.6 Ω/mN and a resolution of 31 μN. The simple fabrication process of the sensor allows easy optimization of the sensor performance to meet the needs of different applications.

A single magnetic nanocomposite cilia force sensor

KAUST Repository

Alfadhel, Ahmed

2016-04-20

The advancements in fields like robotics and medicine continuously require improvements of sensor devices and more engagement of cooperative sensing technologies. For example, instruments such as tweezers with sensitive force sensory heads could provide the ability to sense a variety of physical quantities in real time, such as the amount and direction of the force applied or the texture of the gripped object. Force sensors with such abilities could be great solutions toward the development of smart surgical tools. In this work, a unique force sensor that can be integrated at the tips of robotic arms or surgical tools is reported. The force sensor consists of a single bioinspired, permanent magnetic and highly elastic nanocomposite cilia integrated on a magnetic field sensing element. The nanocomposite is prepared from permanent magnetic nanowires incorporated into the highly elastic polydimethylsiloxane. We demonstrate the potential of this concept by performing several experiments to show the performance of the force sensor. The developed sensor element has a 200 μm in diameter single cilium with 1:5 aspect ratio and shows a detection range up to 1 mN with a sensitivity of 1.6 Ω/mN and a resolution of 31 μN. The simple fabrication process of the sensor allows easy optimization of the sensor performance to meet the needs of different applications.

Effect of the number of iron oxide nanoparticle layers on the magnetic properties of nanocomposite LbL assemblies

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Dincer, Ilker; Tozkoparan, Onur; German, Sergey V.; Markin, Alexey V.; Yildirim, Oguz; Khomutov, Gennady B.; Gorin, Dmitry A.; Venig, Sergey B.; Elerman, Yalcin

2012-01-01

Aqueous colloidal suspension of iron oxide nanoparticles has been synthesized. Z-potential of iron oxide nanoparticles stabilized by citric acid was −35±3 mV. Iron oxide nanoparticles have been characterized by the light scattering method and transmission electron microscopy. The polyelectrolyte/iron oxide nanoparticle thin films with different numbers of iron oxide nanoparticle layers have been prepared on the surface of silicon substrates via the layer-by-layer assembly technique. The physical properties and chemical composition of nanocomposite thin films have been studied by atomic force microscopy, magnetic force microscopy, magnetization measurements, Raman spectroscopy. Using the analysis of experimental data it was established, that the magnetic properties of nanocomposite films depended on the number of iron oxide nanoparticle layers, the size of iron oxide nanoparticle aggregates, the distance between aggregates, and the chemical composition of iron oxide nanoparticles embedded into the nanocomposite films. The magnetic permeability of nanocomposite coatings has been calculated. The magnetic permeability values depend on the number of iron oxide nanoparticle layers in nanocomposite film. - Highlights: ► The magnetic properties of nanocomposite films depended on the number of iron oxide nanoparticle layers. ► The iron oxide nanoparticle phase in nanocomposite coatings is a mixture of magnetite and maghemite phases. ► The magnetite and maghemite phases depend on a number of iron oxide nanoparticle layers because the iron oxide nanoparticles are oxidized from magnetite to maghemite.

Preparation and Characteristics of Biodegradable Polyurethane/Clay Nanocomposite Films

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Kim, Seong Woo [Kyonggi University, Suwon (Korea, Republic of)

2013-06-15

Biodegradable polyurethane (PU)/clay nanocomposite films were prepared via extrusion compounding process followed by casting film process. Organically modified montmorillonite (denoted as C30B) with a large amount of hydroxyl groups on its surface was used for the formation of strong bonding with PU resin. From both XRD analysis and TEM observations, the intercalated and exfoliated structure, and dispersion state of silicate platelets in the compounded nanocomposite films were confirmed. In addition, the rheological and tensile properties, optical transparency, oxygen permeability of the prepared nanocomposites were investigated as a function of added nanoclay content, and moreover based on these results, the correlation between the morphology and the resulting properties of the nanocomposites could be presented. The inclusion of nanoclays at appropriate content resulted in remarkable improvement in the nanocomposite performance including tensile modulus, elongation, transparency, and oxygen barrier property, however at excess amount of nanoclays, reduction or very slight increase was observed due to poor dispersion. The biodegradability of the prepared nanocomposite film was evaluated by examining the deterioration in the barrier and tensile properties during degradation period under compost.

Structural and magnetic characteristics of PVA/CoFe{sub 2}O{sub 4} nano-composites prepared via mechanical alloying method

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Rashidi, S.; Ataie, A., E-mail: aataie@ut.ac.ir

2016-08-15

Highlights: • Single phase CoFe{sub 2}O{sub 4} nano-particles synthesized in one step by mechanical alloying. • PVA/CoFe{sub 2}O{sub 4} magnetic nano-composites were fabricated via mechanical milling. • FTIR confirmed the interaction between PVA and magnetic CoFe{sub 2}O{sub 4} particles. • Increasing in milling time and PVA amount led to well dispersion of CoFe{sub 2}O{sub 4}. - Abstract: In this research, polyvinyl alcohol/cobalt ferrite nano-composites were successfully synthesized employing a two-step procedure: the spherical single-phase cobalt ferrite of 20 ± 4 nm mean particle size was synthesized via mechanical alloying method and then embedded into polymer matrix by intensive milling. The results revealed that increase in polyvinyl alcohol content and milling time causes cobalt ferrite particles disperse more homogeneously in polymer matrix, while the mean particle size and shape of cobalt ferrite have not been significantly affected. Transmission electron microscope images indicated that polyvinyl alcohol chains have surrounded the cobalt ferrite nano-particles; also, the interaction between polymer and cobalt ferrite particles in nano-composite samples was confirmed. Magnetic properties evaluation showed that saturation magnetization, coercivity and anisotropy constant values decreased in nano-composite samples compared to pure cobalt ferrite. However, the coercivity values of related nano-composite samples enhanced by increasing PVA amount due to domain wall mechanism.

Magnetic Nanocomposite Cilia Sensors

KAUST Repository

Alfadhel, Ahmed

2016-07-19

Recent progress in the development of artificial skin concepts is a result of the increased demand for providing environment perception such as touch and flow sensing to robots, prosthetics and surgical tools. Tactile sensors are the essential components of artificial skins and attracted considerable attention that led to the development of different technologies for mimicking the complex sense of touch in humans. This dissertation work is devoted to the development of a bioinspired tactile sensing technology that imitates the extremely sensitive hair-like cilia receptors found in nature. The artificial cilia are fabricated from permanent magnetic, biocompatible and highly elastic nanocomposite material, and integrated on a giant magneto-impedance magnetic sensor to measure the stray field. A force that bends the cilia changes the stray field and is therefore detected with the magnetic sensor, providing high performance in terms of sensitivity, power consumption and versatility. The nanocomposite is made of Fe nanowires (NWs) incorporated into polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS). Fe NWs have a high remanent magnetization, due the shape anisotropy; thus, they are acting as permanent nano-magnets. This allows remote device operation and avoids the need for a magnetic field to magnetize the NWs, benefiting miniaturization and the possible range of applications. The magnetic properties of the nanocomposite can be easily tuned by modifying the NWs concentration or by aligning the NWs to define a magnetic anisotropy. Tactile sensors are realized on flexible and rigid substrates that can detect flow, vertical and shear forces statically and dynamically, with a high resolution and wide operating range. The advantage to operate the sensors in liquids and air has been utilized to measure flows in different fluids in a microfluidic channel. Various dynamic studies were conducted with the tactile sensor demonstrating the detection of moving objects or the texture of objects. Overall

Sustained release of doxorubicin from zeolite-magnetite nanocomposites prepared by mechanical activation

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Arruebo, Manuel; Fernandez-Pacheco, Rodrigo; Irusta, Silvia; Arbiol, Jordi; Ibarra, M Ricardo; SantamarIa, Jesus

2006-01-01

Nanocomposites consisting of magnetite and FAU zeolite with a high surface area and adsorption capacity have been prepared by mechanical activation using high-energy milling at room temperature. FTIR results, as well as HRTEM, EFTEM, and XPS measurements, show that the resulting magnetic nanoparticles are covered by a thin aluminosilicate coating. A saturation magnetization as high as 16 emu g -1 and 94.2 Oe of coercivity were observed for the obtained composites. The main advantages of this synthesis procedure are (i) simplicity of the preparation procedure (ii) prevention of agglomeration of the magnetite nanoparticles to a large extent, and (iii) absence of free magnetite outside the zeolitic matrix. In addition, in vitro experiments revealed that the nanoparticles prepared were able to store and release substantial amounts of doxorubicin. In view of these advantages, these magnetic nanoparticles can be considered as potential candidates for drug-delivery applications

Synthesis and characterization of multifunctional silica core-shell nanocomposites with magnetic and fluorescent functionalities

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Ma Zhiya; Dosev, Dosi; Nichkova, Mikaela; Dumas, Randy K.; Gee, Shirley J.; Hammock, Bruce D.; Liu Kai; Kennedy, Ian M.

2009-01-01

Multifunctional core-shell nanocomposites with a magnetic core and a silica shell doped with lanthanide chelate have been prepared by a simple method. First, citric acid-modified magnetite nanoparticles were synthesized by a chemical coprecipitation method. Then the magnetite nanoparticles were coated with silica shells doped with terbium (Tb 3+ ) complex by a modified Stoeber method based on hydrolyzing and condensation of tetraethyl orthosilicate (TEOS) and a silane precursor. These multifunctional nanocomposites are potentially useful in a variety of biological areas such as bio-imaging, bio-labeling and bioassays because they can be simultaneously manipulated with an external magnetic field and exhibit unique phosphorescence properties.

Magnetic Properties of Iron-Cobalt Oxide Nanocomposites Synthesized in Polystyrene Resin Matrix*

Science.gov (United States)

Vaishnava, P. P.; Senaratne, U.; Rodak, D.; Kroll, E.; Tsoi, G.; Naik, R.; Naik, V.; Wenger, L. E.; Tao, Qu; Boolchand, P.; Suryanarayanan, R.

2004-03-01

Magnetic nanoparticles have potential applications in memory devices and medical technology. Magnetic iron-cobalt oxide nanoparticles were prepared by in situ precipitation in an ion exchange resin using the method of Ziolo et al^1. The ion exchange resin, consisting of sulfonated divinyl benzene cross linked polystyrene, was exposed to different iron and cobalt salt solutions: a) 4FeCl2 + CoCl2 b) 9FeCl2 + CoCl2 c) 4FeCl3 + CoCl2 d) 9FeCl3 + CoCl_2. The ions bound to the resin are then oxidized with hydrogen peroxide in an alkaline media with mild heat. The resulting nanocomposites were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM), Fe^57 Mossbauer Spectroscopy and SQUID magnetometry. It was found that the oxide composition, particle size distribution, magnetic properties including blocking temperature and the amount of superparamagnetic phases are strongly influenced by the stoichiometry of the starting FeCl_2, FeCl_3, and CoCl2 solutions. Three major phases CoFe_2O_4, Fe_3O4 and γ-Fe_2O3 have been identified. The nanocomposites prepared using Fe^2+ and Co^2+ contain larger nanoparticles (10 nm) than those prepared by Fe^3+ and Co^2+ (3 nm) . The details of the structural characterization by XRD and TEM measurements and magnetic characteristics will be presented. *Research supported by NSF grant DGE 980720 ^1Ziolo et al, Science, 257, 5067 (1992).

Polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA)-bismuth ferrite (BFO) nanocomposite: low loss and high dielectric constant materials with perceptible magnetic properties.

Science.gov (United States)

Tamboli, Mohaseen S; Palei, Prakash K; Patil, Santosh S; Kulkarni, Milind V; Maldar, Noormahmad N; Kale, Bharat B

2014-09-21

Herein, poly(methyl methacrylate)-bismuth ferrite (PMMA-BFO) nanocomposites were successfully prepared by an in situ polymerization method for the first time. Initially, the as prepared bismuth ferrite (BFO) nanoparticles were dispersed in the monomer, (methyl methacrylate) by sonication. Benzoyl peroxide was used to initiate the polymerization reaction in ethyl acetate medium. The nanocomposite films were subjected to X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD), (1)H NMR, field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), infrared spectroscopy (IR), dielectric and magnetic characterizations. The dielectric measurement of the nanocomposites was investigated at a frequency range of 10 Hz to 1 MHz. It was found that the nanocomposites not only showed a significantly increased value of the dielectric constant with an increase in the loading percentage of BFO as compared to pure PMMA, but also exhibited low dielectric loss values over a wide range of frequencies. The values of the dielectric constant and dielectric loss of the PMMA-BFO5 (5% BFO loading) sample at 1 kHz frequency was found be ~14 and 0.037. The variation of the ferromagnetic response of the nanocomposite was consistent with the varying volume percentage of the nanoparticles. The remnant magnetization (Mr) and saturation magnetization (Ms) values of the composites were found to be enhanced by increasing the loading percentage of BFO. The value of Ms for PMMA-BFO5 was found to be ~6 emu g(-1). The prima facie observations suggest that the nanocomposite is a potential candidate for application in high dielectric constant capacitors. Significantly, based on its magnetic properties the composite will also be useful for use in hard disk components.

Preparation and characterization of polymer nanocomposites coated magnetic nanoparticles for drug delivery applications

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Prabha, G., E-mail: gprabhagovinn@gmail.com; Raj, V., E-mail: alaguraj2@rediffmail.com

2016-06-15

In the present research work, the anticancer drug ‘curcumin’ is loaded with Chitosan (CS)-polyethylene glycol (PEG)-polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) (CS-PEG-PVP) polymer nanocomposites coated with superparamagnetic iron oxide (Fe{sub 3}O{sub 4}) nanoparticles. The system can be used for targeted and controlled drug delivery of anticancer drugs with reduced side effects and greater efficiency. The prepared nanoparticles were characterized by Fourier transmission infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), vibrating sample magnetometry (VSM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Curcumin drug loaded Fe{sub 3}O{sub 4}-CS, Fe{sub 3}O{sub 4}-CS-PEG and Fe{sub 3}O{sub 4}-CS-PEG-PVP nanoparticles exhibited the mean particle size in the range of 183–390 nm with a zeta potential value of 26–41 mV as measured using Malvern Zetasizer. The encapsulation efficiency, loading capacity and in-vitro drug release behavior of curcumin drug loaded Fe{sub 3}O{sub 4}-CS, Fe{sub 3}O{sub 4}-CS-PEG and Fe{sub 3}O{sub 4}-CS-PEG-PVP nanoparticles were studied using UV spectrophotometer. Besides, the cytotoxicity of the prepared nanoparticles using MTT assay was also studied. The curcumin drug release was examined at different pH medium and it was proved that the drug release depends upon the pH medium in addition to the nature of matrix. - Highlights: • The considered drug carrier Fe{sub 3}O{sub 4}-CS-PEG-PVP nanoparticles were prepared and entrapping (Curcumin). • The amount of the drug had great effect on the drug LC and EE and zeta potential Nanocomposites. • The Curcumin- loaded Fe{sub 3}O{sub 4}-CS, Fe{sub 3}O{sub 4}-CS-PEG and Fe{sub 3}O{sub 4}-CS-PEG-PVP nanocomposites showed pH responsive drug release.

Preparation and characterization of polymer nanocomposites coated magnetic nanoparticles for drug delivery applications

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Prabha, G.; Raj, V.

2016-01-01

In the present research work, the anticancer drug ‘curcumin’ is loaded with Chitosan (CS)-polyethylene glycol (PEG)-polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) (CS-PEG-PVP) polymer nanocomposites coated with superparamagnetic iron oxide (Fe 3 O 4 ) nanoparticles. The system can be used for targeted and controlled drug delivery of anticancer drugs with reduced side effects and greater efficiency. The prepared nanoparticles were characterized by Fourier transmission infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), vibrating sample magnetometry (VSM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Curcumin drug loaded Fe 3 O 4 -CS, Fe 3 O 4 -CS-PEG and Fe 3 O 4 -CS-PEG-PVP nanoparticles exhibited the mean particle size in the range of 183–390 nm with a zeta potential value of 26–41 mV as measured using Malvern Zetasizer. The encapsulation efficiency, loading capacity and in-vitro drug release behavior of curcumin drug loaded Fe 3 O 4 -CS, Fe 3 O 4 -CS-PEG and Fe 3 O 4 -CS-PEG-PVP nanoparticles were studied using UV spectrophotometer. Besides, the cytotoxicity of the prepared nanoparticles using MTT assay was also studied. The curcumin drug release was examined at different pH medium and it was proved that the drug release depends upon the pH medium in addition to the nature of matrix. - Highlights: • The considered drug carrier Fe 3 O 4 -CS-PEG-PVP nanoparticles were prepared and entrapping (Curcumin). • The amount of the drug had great effect on the drug LC and EE and zeta potential Nanocomposites. • The Curcumin- loaded Fe 3 O 4 -CS, Fe 3 O 4 -CS-PEG and Fe 3 O 4 -CS-PEG-PVP nanocomposites showed pH responsive drug release.

Preparation, Characterization, and Electrochromic Properties of Nanocellulose-Based Polyaniline Nanocomposite Films.

Science.gov (United States)

Zhang, Sihang; Sun, Gang; He, Yongfeng; Fu, Runfang; Gu, Yingchun; Chen, Sheng

2017-05-17

On the basis of nanocellulose obtained by acidic swelling and ultrasonication, rodlike nanocellulose/polyaniline nanocomposites with a core-shell structure have been prepared via in situ polymerization. Compared to pure polyaniline, the nanocomposites show superior film-forming properties, and the prepared nanocomposite films demonstrate excellent electrochemical and electrochromic properties in electrolyte solution. Nanocomposite films, especially the one prepared with 40% polyaniline coated nanocomposite, exhibited faster response time (1.5 s for bleaching and 1.0 s for coloring), higher optical contrast (62.9%), higher coloration efficiency (206.2 cm 2 /C), and more remarkable switching stability (over 500 cycles). These novel nanocellulose-based nanorod network films are promising novel electrochromic materials with excellent properties.

Fe_3O_4/carbon nanocomposite: Investigation of capacitive & magnetic properties for supercapacitor applications

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Sinan, Neriman; Unur, Ece

2016-01-01

Fe_3O_4 nanoparticles with ∼10 nm diameters were synthesized by an extremely low-cost, scalable and relatively biocompatible chemical co-precipitation method. Magnetic measurements revealed that Fe_3O_4 nanoparticles have bifunctional superparamagnetic and ferromagnetic character with saturation magnetization (M_s) values of 64 and 71 emu g"−"1 at 298 K and 10 K, respectively. Pseudocapacitive Fe_3O_4 nanoparticles were then integrated into hazelnut shells - an abundant agricultural biomass - by an energy efficient hydrothermal carbonization method. Presence of magnesium oxide (MgO) ceramic template or its precursor in the hydrothermal reactor allowed simultaneous introduction of pores into the composite structure. Hierarchically micro-mesoporous Fe_3O_4/C nanocomposite possesses a high specific surface area of 344 m"2 g"−"1. Electrochemical properties of Fe_3O_4/C nanocomposite were investigated by cyclic voltammetry and galvanostatic charge-discharge measurements in a conventional three-electrode cell. The Fe_3O_4/C nanocomposite is able to operate in a large negative potential window in 1 M Na_2SO_4 aqueous electrolyte (−1.2–0 V vs. Ag/AgCl). Synergistic effect of the Fe_3O_4 and carbon leads to enhanced specific capacitance, rate capability and cyclability making Fe_3O_4/C nanocomposite a very promising negative electrode material for asymmetric supercapacitors. - Highlights: • Fe_3O_4 (magnetite) particles with ∼10 nm dia. were prepared by a facile chemical co-precipitation. • Fe_3O_4 nanospheres are superparamagnetic at 298K with high saturation magnetization of 64 emu g"−"1. • Porous Fe_3O_4/C nanocomposite was also prepared by a green HTC method combined with MgO templating. • Electrochemical properties of Fe_3O_4/C were studied in 1 M Na_2SO_4 (between −1.2 and 0 V vs. Ag/AgCl). • Nanocomposite electrode showed high energy density of 27.2 Wh kg"−"1 at 1 A g"−"1.

One-Step Method for Preparation of Magnetic Nanoparticles Coated with Chitosan

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Karla M. Gregorio-Jauregui

2012-01-01

Full Text Available Preparation of magnetic nanoparticles coated with chitosan in one step by the coprecipitation method in the presence of different chitosan concentrations is reported here. Obtaining of magnetic superparamagnetic nanoparticles was confirmed by X-ray diffraction and magnetic measurements. Scanning transmission electron microscopy allowed to identify spheroidal nanoparticles with around 10-11 nm in average diameter. Characterization of the products by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy demonstrated that composite chitosan-magnetic nanoparticles were obtained. Chitosan content in obtained nanocomposites was estimated by thermogravimetric analysis. The nanocomposites were tested in Pb2+ removal from a PbCl2 aqueous solution, showing a removal efficacy up to 53.6%. This work provides a simple method for chitosan-coated nanoparticles obtaining, which could be useful for heavy metal ions removal from water.

Characterization of PAN/ATO nanocomposites prepared by solution ...

Indian Academy of Sciences (India)

Conducting nanocomposites of polyacrylonitrile (PAN) and antimony-doped tin oxide (ATO) were prepared by solution blending. Electrical properties of the nanocomposites were characterized by means of electrical conductivity measurements and the phase structures were investigated via scanning electron microscopy ...

Effect of Nanocomposite Structures on Fracture Behavior of Epoxy-Clay Nanocomposites Prepared by Different Dispersion Methods

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Mohammad Bashar

2014-01-01

Full Text Available The effects of organic modifier and processing method on morphology and mechanical properties of epoxy-clay nanocomposites were investigated. In this study, the preparation of nanocomposites by exfoliation-adsorption method involved an ultrasonic mixing procedure, and mechanical blending was used for in situ intercalative polymerization. The microstructure study revealed that the organoclay, which was ultrasonically mixed with the epoxy, partially exfoliated and intercalated. In contrast, organoclay remained in phase-separated and flocculated state after the mechanical blending process. Tensile stiffness increased significantly for the nanocomposite prepared by ultrasonic dispersion method through realizing the reinforcing potential of exfoliated silicate layers. Nanocomposites with exfoliated and intercalated nanoclay morphology were ineffective in enhancing the fracture toughness whereas nanocomposites with phase-separated and flocculated morphology have improved crack resistance predominantly by crack deflecting and pinning mechanisms.

Development of novel exchange spring magnet by employing nanocomposites of CoFe_2O_4 and CoFe_2

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Safi, Rohollah; Ghasemi, Ali; Shoja-Razavi, Reza; Tavoosi, Majid

2016-01-01

CoFe_2O_4−CoFe2 hard–soft nanocomposites were prepared via reduction of the cobalt ferrite CoFe_2O_4 in hydrogen atmosphere at different temperature. The structure and the room temperature magnetization of the samples were characterized by X-ray diffraction, field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM) and vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM). It was found that the saturation magnetization of the nanocomposite powders increases by reduction temperature while their coercivity decreases. The highest M_r/M_s ratio of 0.52 was obtained for sample reduced at 550 °C. Single smooth hysteresis loops of nanocomposites show that these nanocomposites behave as the single-phase materials. This result indicates the presence of exchange coupling between two different hard and soft phases. - Highlights: • CoFe_2O_4–CoFe_2 was successfully synthesized by reduction diffusion process. • Two phases are effectively exchange coupled in nanocomposite. • Single smooth hysteresis loop was developed in nanocomposites.

Preparation and Application of Hollow Silica/magnetic Nanocomposite Particle

Science.gov (United States)

Wang, Cheng-Chien; Lin, Jing-Mo; Lin, Chun-Rong; Wang, Sheng-Chang

The hollow silica/cobalt ferrite (CoFe2O4) magnetic microsphere with amino-groups were successfully prepared via several steps, including preparing the chelating copolymer microparticles as template by soap-free emulsion polymerization, manufacturing the hollow cobalt ferrite magnetic microsphere by in-situ chemical co-precipitation following calcinations, and surface modifying of the hollow magnetic microsphere by 3-aminopropyltrime- thoxysilane via the sol-gel method. The average diameter of polymer microspheres was ca. 200 nm from transmission electron microscope (TEM) measurement. The structure of the hollow magnetic microsphere was characterized by using TEM and scanning electron microscope (SEM). The spinel-type lattice of CoFe2O4 shell layer was identified by using XRD measurement. The diameter of CoFe2O4 crystalline grains ranged from 54.1 nm to 8.5 nm which was estimated by Scherrer's equation. Additionally, the hollow silica/cobalt ferrite microsphere possesses superparamagnetic property after VSM measurement. The result of BET measurement reveals the hollow magnetic microsphere which has large surface areas (123.4m2/g). After glutaraldehyde modified, the maximum value of BSA immobilization capacity of the hollow magnetic microsphere was 33.8 mg/g at pH 5.0 buffer solution. For microwave absorption, when the hollow magnetic microsphere was compounded within epoxy resin, the maximum reflection loss of epoxy resins could reach -35dB at 5.4 GHz with 1.9 mm thickness.

Isolation/separation of plasmid DNA using hemoglobin modified magnetic nanocomposites as solid-phase adsorbent.

Science.gov (United States)

Chen, Xu-Wei; Mao, Quan-Xing; Liu, Jia-Wei; Wang, Jian-Hua

2012-10-15

Hemoglobin (Hb) modified magnetic nanocomposites are prepared by immobilization of Hb onto the surface of amino-functionalized Fe(3)O(4)@SiO(2) magnetic nanoparticles via covalent bonding with glutaraldehyde as cross-linker. The obtained nanocomposites are characterized with FT-IR, SEM, XRD and surface charge analysis. A direct solid-phase extraction procedure for the isolation/separation of plasmid DNA using this nanocomposite as a novel adsorbent is thus developed. Some important experimental parameters governing the sorption efficiency, i.e., the pH of sample solution and the ionic strength, are investigated. The Hb modified magnetic nanocomposites provide a sorption capacity of 27.86 mg g(-1) for DNA. By using 2.0mg of the nanocomposites as sorption medium and a suitable acidity of pH 6.1, a sorption efficiency of 93% is achieved for 25 μg mL(-1) of DNA in 1.0 mL of sample solution. Afterwards, the absorbed DNA could be readily recovered by using 1.0 mL of Tris-HCl buffer (pH 8.9, 0.01 mol L(-1)), giving rise to a recovery of ca. 68.3%. The present solid-phased extraction protocol is applied for the isolation of plasmid DNA from Escherichia coli culture, resulting in comparable yield and purity of plasmid DNA with respect to those obtained by using commercial kits. Copyright © 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Optical and magnetic properties of ZnO/ZnFe{sub 2}O{sub 4} nanocomposite

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Zamiri, Reza, E-mail: reza.zamiri@tdt.edu.vn [Department for Management of Science and Technology Development, Ton Duc Thang University, Ho Chi Minh City (Viet Nam); Faculty of Electrical & Electronics Engineering, Ton Duc Thang University, Ho Chi Minh City (Viet Nam); Salehizadeh, S.A. [Physics Department (I3N), University of Aveiro, Campus Universitario de Santiago, Aveiro (Portugal); Ahangar, Hossein Abbastabar [Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Najafabad Branch, Islamic Azad University, Najafabad (Iran, Islamic Republic of); Shabani, Mehdi; Rebelo, Avito [Department of Materials and Ceramic Engineering (DEMaC), University of Aveiro, Campus Santiago, Aveiro, 3810-193 (Portugal); Suresh Kumar, J.; Soares, M.J.; Valente, M.A. [Physics Department (I3N), University of Aveiro, Campus Universitario de Santiago, Aveiro (Portugal); Ferreira, J.M.F. [Department of Materials and Ceramic Engineering (DEMaC), University of Aveiro, Campus Santiago, Aveiro, 3810-193 (Portugal)

2017-05-01

ZnO/ZnFe{sub 2}O{sub 4} nanocomposite was prepared by a simple and low cost chemical precipitation method. The prepared composite was characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), energy-dispersive X-ray (EDX), Raman and Fourier Transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). The morphology of the prepared sample was studied by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Photoluminescence (PL) emission of the sample has been investigated at different temperatures (10–300 K) in order to determine the effect of temperature on emission properties of the prepared composite. It was found that at low temperature, the samples show stronger emissions than those at room temperature. Magnetic properties of ZnO/ZnFe{sub 2}O{sub 4} nanocomposite was discussed in temperature range of 5–300 K using VSM measurement. The effective anisotropy constant K{sub eff}, extracted from the magnetization vs. magnetic field, M(B), experimental curve obtained at 5 K and using the law of saturation magnetization, was found to be 2.3 × 10{sup 6} erg/cm{sup 3}. The high value of anisotropy constant is attributed to the existence of uncompensated surface spin in our sample as well as the magnetocrystalline contribution (which depends on the inversion degree in ZnFe{sub 2}O{sub 4}). By using of a modified Langevin equation, the contribution of the surface spins was quantitatively calculated in different temperature higher than T{sub B}. It was found that as the temperature increases from 100 K to 300 K, the surface spins contribution in the total magnetization increases from 44% to 68%. - Highlights: • Fabrication of ZnO/ZnFe{sub 2}O{sub 4} nanocomposite by a simple and low cost method. • The sample show stronger emissions at low temperature than at room temperature. • The effective anisotropy constant K{sub eff}, was found to be 2.3 × 10{sup 6} erg/cm{sup 3}. • By increasing temperature from 100 K to 300 K, the surface spins contribution increases.

Preparation and characterization of the nanoparticle and nanocomposite by gamma irradiation

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Lee, K.P.; Choi, S.H.

2002-01-01

Complete text of publication follows. Nanometer metal particle-organic polymer composites have attracted considerable interests in recent years. These composites not only combine the advantageous properties of metals and polymers but also exhibit many new characters that single-phase materials do not have. They have a wide range of applications including electromagnetic inferences shielding, heat conduction, discharge static electricity, conversion of mechanical to electrical signals, and like. In order to obtain nanocomposite, silver nanoparticle was prepared by γ-irradiation. The obtained Ag nanoparticle was characterized by UV, FT-IR, XRD, SEM, TEM, and etc. The ethylacetate-Ag nanocomposite was prepared by emulsion polymerization. The obtained nanocomposites were characterized by SEM, XRD, and thermal (TGA/DSC) analysis. Furthermore, the CdS nanocomposite was prepared using CdSO 4 and Na 2 SO 4 by γ-irradiation method. The ethylacetate-CdS nanocomposite was also prepared by emulsion polymerization, and characterized by SEM, XRD, and thermal (TGA/DSC) analysis. The application of such prepared metal particle-organic polymer composites in the field of anti-bacterial film, semiconductor film, and fluorescence film may be of interest

Enhanced coercivity in {alpha}-(Fe,Co)/(Nd,Pr){sub 2}Fe{sub 14}B nanocomposite magnets via interfacial modification

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Li Wei; Li Lanlan; Li Xiaohong; Sun Hongyu; Zhang Xiangyi [State Key Laboratory of Metastable Materials Science and Technology, Yanshan University, 066004 Qinhuangdao (China)], E-mail: xyzh66@ysu.edu.cn

2008-08-07

We have prepared {alpha}-(Fe,Co)/(Nd,Pr){sub 2}Fe{sub 14}B nanocomposite magnets having a high coercivity H{sub c} = 7.5 kOe and a large energy product (BH){sub max} = 22.7 MGOe by interfacial modification using an intergranular amorphous phase, as compared with the corresponding values obtained without the intergranular phase, H{sub c} = 5.5 kOe and (BH){sub max} = 16.1 MGOe. The enhanced coercivity is attributed to the increase in the nucleation field for magnetization reversal due to interfacial modification. This demonstrates a counter-intuitive approach for enhancing the magnetic properties of nanocomposite magnets.

Preparation and characterization of sepiolite-based phase change material nanocomposites for thermal energy storage

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Konuklu, Yeliz; Ersoy, Orkun

2016-01-01

Highlights: • Sepiolite-based phase change material nanocomposites were prepared. • An easy direct impregnation process was used. • This paper is one of the first study about sepiolite-based phase change material nanocomposites. • Influence of PCM type on thermal properties of nanocomposites was reported. - Abstract: This paper is one of the first study about the preparation and characterization of sepiolite-based phase change material nanocomposites for thermal energy storage applications. Sepiolite is an important natural fibrous raw material. Nanoscale fibrous tubular structure of sepiolite becomes important in nanocomposite preparation. In this study, sepiolite/paraffin and sepiolite/decanoic acid nanocomposites were manufactured by the direct impregnation method. By the preparation of nanocomposites, PCM move in tubular channels of sepiolite, phase changing occurs in these tubes and surface area increases like as in microencapsulation. The structure and properties of nanocomposites PCMs (CPCM) have been characterized via scanning electron microscopy (SEM), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA), and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). The SEM results prove the successful preparation of phase change material/sepiolite nanocomposites and point out that the fibers of sepiolite is modified with phase change materials in the nanocomposite. The phase change enthalpies of melting and freezing were about 62.08 J/g and −62.05 J/g for sepiolite/paraffin nanocomposites and 35.69 J/g and −34.55 J/g for sepiolite/decanoic acid nanocomposites, respectively. The results show that PCM/sepiolite nanocomposites were prepared successfully and their properties are very suitable for thermal energy storage applications.

Nanotechnology : emerging applications of cellulose-based green magnetic nanocomposites

Science.gov (United States)

Tao Wang; Zhiyong Cai; Lei Liu; Ilker S. Bayer; Abhijit Biswas

2010-01-01

In recent years, a new type of nanocomposite – cellulose based hybrid nanocomposites, which adopts cellulose nanofibers as matrices, has been intensively developed. Among these materials, hybrid nanocomposites consisting of cellulosic fibers and magnetic nanoparticles have recently attracted much attention due to their potential novel applications in biomedicine,...

Preparation and Characterization of Phenolic Resin/Montmorillonite Nanocomposite

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Morteza Soltan-Dehghan

2012-12-01

Full Text Available Phenolic resins have been widely used for selective high technology applications due to their excellent ablative properties, structural integrity and thermal stability that make them appropriate for thermal insulation materials, wood products industry, coatings, moulding compounds and composite materials. Polymer layered silicate nanocomposites based on montmorillonite (MMT have attracted a great deal of attention because of enhanced properties in mechanical, thermal, barrier and clarity properties without a significant increase in density, which is not possible with conventional fillers. Phenolic resin/montmorillonite (Cloisite 15A nanocomposite was prepared by a combined route of solution blending and in-situ polymerization. Theoptimized conditions for preparation of nanocomposite were achieved by evaluation of various processing parameters (mechanical mixer, high speed disperser and high energy ultrasonic source, mixing time (0.5, 1, 3, 10, 24, 48, 72, and 96 h and different amounts of montmorillonite (5 and 10 weight percents of montmorillonite relative to resol. X-Ray Diffractometer and thermal gravimetric analyzer were used accordingly to show the degree of nanodispersions of organomontmorillonite in polymeric matrix and the effect of nanofiller on thermal stability of nanocomposite with respect to neatresol. The results of high energy ultrasonic source show that a nanocomposite of phenolic resin with 5 wt% montmorillonite displays the best dispersion of clay layers. Thermal stability of nanocomposite was increased by 27% in comparison with neat resol.

Preparation and properties of biodegradable starch–clay nanocomposites

KAUST Repository

Chung, Yi-Lin; Ansari, Seema; Estevez, Luis; Hayrapetyan, Suren; Giannelis, Emmanuel P.; Lai, Hsi-Mei

2010-01-01

Well-dispersed starch-clay nanocomposites were prepared by adding a dilute clay dispersion to a solution of starch followed by coprecipitation in ethanol. The clay didn't significantly influence the type of crystalline structure of starch molecules although the amount of crystallinity appears to be somewhat lower in the nanocomposites. The nanocomposites show improved modulus and strength without a decrease in elongation at break. The increase in modulus and strength is 65% and 30%, respectively for the nanocomposite containing 5 wt.% clay compared to the unfilled starch materials. Further increases in clay result in deterioration in properties most likely due to poorer clay dispersion and lower polymer crystallinity. As the amount of water increases, the modulus of both pure starch and starch nanocomposites decreases, although the change is less pronounced in the nanocomposites suggesting that the addition of clay to form nanocomposites can improve the stability of starch-based products during transportation and storage. © 2009 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Preparation and properties of biodegradable starch–clay nanocomposites

KAUST Repository

Chung, Yi-Lin

2010-01-01

Well-dispersed starch-clay nanocomposites were prepared by adding a dilute clay dispersion to a solution of starch followed by coprecipitation in ethanol. The clay didn\\'t significantly influence the type of crystalline structure of starch molecules although the amount of crystallinity appears to be somewhat lower in the nanocomposites. The nanocomposites show improved modulus and strength without a decrease in elongation at break. The increase in modulus and strength is 65% and 30%, respectively for the nanocomposite containing 5 wt.% clay compared to the unfilled starch materials. Further increases in clay result in deterioration in properties most likely due to poorer clay dispersion and lower polymer crystallinity. As the amount of water increases, the modulus of both pure starch and starch nanocomposites decreases, although the change is less pronounced in the nanocomposites suggesting that the addition of clay to form nanocomposites can improve the stability of starch-based products during transportation and storage. © 2009 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Fabrication and magnetic properties of granular Co/porous InP nanocomposite materials

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Ma Li

2011-01-01

Full Text Available Abstract A novel Co/InP magnetic semiconductor nanocomposite was fabricated by electrodeposition magnetic Co nanoparticles into n-type porous InP templates in ethanol solution of cobalt chloride. The content or particle size of Co particles embedded in porous InP increased with increasing deposition time. Co particles had uniform distribution over pore sidewall surface of InP template, which was different from that of ceramic template and may open up new branch of fabrication of nanocomposites. The magnetism of such Co/InP nanocomposites can be gradually tuned from diamagnetism to ferromagnetism by increasing the deposition time of Co. Magnetic anisotropy of this Co/InP nanocomposite with magnetization easy axis along the axis of InP square channel was well realized by the competition between shape anisotropy and magnetocrystalline anisotropy. Such Co/InP nanocomposites with adjustable magnetism may have potential applications in future in the field of spin electronics. PACS: 61.46. +w · 72.80.Tm · 81.05.Rm · 75.75. +a · 82.45.Aa

Fabrication and magnetic properties of granular Co/porous InP nanocomposite materials.

Science.gov (United States)

Zhou, Tao; Cheng, Dandan; Zheng, Maojun; Ma, Li; Shen, Wenzhong

2011-03-31

A novel Co/InP magnetic semiconductor nanocomposite was fabricated by electrodeposition magnetic Co nanoparticles into n-type porous InP templates in ethanol solution of cobalt chloride. The content or particle size of Co particles embedded in porous InP increased with increasing deposition time. Co particles had uniform distribution over pore sidewall surface of InP template, which was different from that of ceramic template and may open up new branch of fabrication of nanocomposites. The magnetism of such Co/InP nanocomposites can be gradually tuned from diamagnetism to ferromagnetism by increasing the deposition time of Co. Magnetic anisotropy of this Co/InP nanocomposite with magnetization easy axis along the axis of InP square channel was well realized by the competition between shape anisotropy and magnetocrystalline anisotropy. Such Co/InP nanocomposites with adjustable magnetism may have potential applications in future in the field of spin electronics.PACS: 61.46. +w · 72.80.Tm · 81.05.Rm · 75.75. +a · 82.45.Aa.

Magnetic properties of mosaic nanocomposites composed of nickel and cobalt nanowires

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Castillo-Sepúlveda, S.; Corona, R.M. [Departamento de Física, Universidad de Santiago de Chile (USACH), Av. Ecuador 3493, 9170124 Santiago (Chile); Altbir, D. [Departamento de Física, Universidad de Santiago de Chile (USACH), Av. Ecuador 3493, 9170124 Santiago (Chile); Center for the Development of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (CEDENNA), 9170124 Santiago (Chile); Escrig, J., E-mail: juan.escrig@usach.cl [Departamento de Física, Universidad de Santiago de Chile (USACH), Av. Ecuador 3493, 9170124 Santiago (Chile); Center for the Development of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (CEDENNA), 9170124 Santiago (Chile)

2016-10-15

Mosaic nanocomposites composed of nickel and cobalt nanowires arranged in different configurations were investigated using Monte Carlo simulations and a simple model that considers single-domain structures including length corrections due to the shape anisotropy. Our results showed that for an ordered array both the coercivity and the remanence decrease linearly as a function of the concentration of nickel nanowires. Besides, we obtained that the magnetic properties of an array of a certain hard magnetic material (cobalt) will not change, unless we have more than 50% of nanowires of other soft magnetic material (nickel) in the array. In principle the second material could be other soft magnetic material, but could also be a nonmagnetic material or could even be a situation in which some of the pore arrays were not filled by electrodeposition. Therefore, our results allow us to predict the behavior of magnetic mosaic nanocomposites that are promising candidates for functional electrodes, sensors, and model catalysts. - Highlights: • Mosaic nanocomposites composed of magnetic nanowires were investigated. • Magnetic properties can be adjusted by varying the concentration of nanowires. • Our results allow us to predict the behavior of magnetic mosaic nanocomposites.

One-pot low-temperature green synthesis of magnetic graphene nanocomposite for the selective reduction of nitrobenzene

Science.gov (United States)

Haridas, Vijayasree; Sugunan, Sankaran; Narayanan, Binitha N.

2018-06-01

In the present study, a green one-pot low-temperature method is adopted for the synthesis of a novel magnetic graphene nanocomposite catalyst. Graphene preparation is performed without employing any oxidizing agents or corrosive chemicals, under mild sonication in isopropyl alcohol - water mixture. Monolayered nanoplatelets of graphene are obtained in the green solvent mixture and the composite material is found to be ferromagnetic in nature, obvious from the vibrating sample magnetometric measurements. Fe in the nanocomposite exists in two different forms i.e., α-Fe2O3 and α-FeOOH, as evident from the material characterization results. The graphene nanocomposite is found to be highly efficient in the selective reduction of nitrobenzene to aniline under solvent free reaction conditions and magnetic separation of this fine nanomaterial from the reaction mixture is successfully carried out. The catalyst is efficiently reusable till five repeated cycles.

Magneto optical properties of silver doped magnetic nanocomposite material

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

N. Abirami

2017-11-01

Full Text Available Magnetic composite materials challenge traditional materials in broad applications such as transformer, sensors and electrical motors. In this work by studying the permittivity and permeability spectra of silver doped magnetic nanocomposite system, the variation of the effective refractive index with frequency is investigated for different filling factor. It is found that the value of resonance frequency decrease with filling factor. The polariton dispersion of the system is also studied. This study of the nanocomposite system can be exploited in designing modern optical devices.PACS: 75.50-y, 71.36.+c, 78.67.Sc, 78.20.Ci. Keywords: Permittivity, Permeability, Nanocomposite system, Polariton

Magnetically separable Cu{sub 2}O/chitosan–Fe{sub 3}O{sub 4} nanocomposites: Preparation, characterization and visible-light photocatalytic performance

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Cao, Chunhua [School of Resource and Environmental Science, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072 (China); Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Chemical Materials and Devices of Ministry of Education, College of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Jianghan University, Wuhan 430056 (China); Xiao, Ling, E-mail: xiaoling9119@whu.edu.cn [School of Resource and Environmental Science, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072 (China); Chen, Chunhua [Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Chemical Materials and Devices of Ministry of Education, College of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Jianghan University, Wuhan 430056 (China); Cao, Qihua [School of Resource and Environmental Science, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072 (China)

2015-04-01

Highlights: • A novel magnetically-separable Cu{sub 2}O/CS–Fe{sub 3}O{sub 4} photocatalyst was in situ prepared. • Cu{sub 2}O/CS–Fe{sub 3}O{sub 4} NCs had rough and porous chitosan surface layer embedded with Fe{sub 3}O{sub 4} NPs. • Cu{sub 2}O/CS–Fe{sub 3}O{sub 4} NCs showed large surface areas and special dimodal pore structure. • Cu{sub 2}O/CS–Fe{sub 3}O{sub 4} NCs showed superparamagnetism and could be easily magnetic separated. • Cu{sub 2}O/CS–Fe{sub 3}O{sub 4} NCs exhibited good visible-light photocatalytic activity and stability. - Abstract: A novel magnetically-separable visible-light-induced photocatalyst, Cu{sub 2}O/chitosan–Fe{sub 3}O{sub 4} nanocomposite (Cu{sub 2}O/CS–Fe{sub 3}O{sub 4} NC), was prepared via a facile one-step precipitation–reduction process by using magnetic chitosan chelating copper ions as precursor. The structure and properties of Cu{sub 2}O/CS–Fe{sub 3}O{sub 4} NCs were characterized by XRD, FT-IR, SEM, HRTEM, SAED, EDS, BET, VSM, XPS and UV–vis/DRS. The photocatalytic activity of Cu{sub 2}O/CS–Fe{sub 3}O{sub 4} NCs was evaluated by decolorization of reactive brilliant red X-3B (X-3B) under visible light irradiation. The characterization results indicated that Cu{sub 2}O/CS–Fe{sub 3}O{sub 4} NCs exhibited relatively large specific surface areas and special dimodal pore structure because Cu{sub 2}O was wrapped in chitosan matrix embedded with Fe{sub 3}O{sub 4} nanoparticles. The tight combination of magnetic Fe{sub 3}O{sub 4} and semiconductor Cu{sub 2}O through chitosan made the nanocomposites show good superparamagnetism and photocatalytic activity. It was found that X-3B could be decolorized more efficiently in acidic media than in neutral or alkaline media. The decolorization of X-3B was ascribed to the synergistic effect of photocatalysis and adsorption. Cu{sub 2}O/CS–Fe{sub 3}O{sub 4} NCs could be easily separated from the solution by an external magnet, and the decolorization rates of X-3B

Preparation, characterization and photocatalytic activity of visible-light-driven plasmonic Ag/AgBr/ZnFe2O4 nanocomposites

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Li, Xiaojuan; Tang, Duanlian; Tang, Fan; Zhu, Yunyan; He, Changfa; Liu, Minghua; Lin, Chunxiang; Liu, Yifan

2014-01-01

Highlights: • A plasmonic Ag/AgBr/ZnFe 2 O 4 photocatalyst has been successfully synthesized. • Ag/AgBr/ZnFe 2 O 4 nanocomposites exhibit high visible light photocatalytic activity. • Ag/AgBr/ZnFe 2 O 4 photocatalyst is stable and magnetically separable. - Abstract: A visible-light-driven plasmonic Ag/AgBr/ZnFe 2 O 4 nanocomposite has been successfully synthesized via a deposition–precipitation and photoreduction through a novel one-pot process. X-ray diffraction spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy and UV–vis diffuse reflectance spectroscopy were employed to investigate the crystal structure, chemical composition, morphology, and optical properties of the as-prepared nanocomposites. The photocatalytic activities of the nanocomposites were evaluated by photodegradation of Rhodamine B (RhB) and phenol under visible light. The results demonstrated that the obtained Ag/AgBr/ZnFe 2 O 4 nanocomposites exhibited higher photocatalytic activity as compared to pure ZnFe 2 O 4 . In addition, the sample photoreduced for 20 min and calcined at 500 °C achieved the highest photocatalytic activity. Furthermore, the Ag/AgBr/ZnFe 2 O 4 nanocomposite has high stability under visible light irradiation and could be conveniently separated by using an external magnetic field

Preparation, microstructure and magnetic properties of Sm(Co,Hf){sub 7}/Co nanocomposite particles by polyol method

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Bu, Shao-Jing; Duan, Xiu-Li; Han, Xu-Hao; Sun, Ji-Bing, E-mail: hbgdsjb@126.com; Chi, Xiang; Cui, Chun-Xiang

2017-02-01

Hard/soft Sm-Co/Co nanocomposite particles were prepared by reducing CoCl{sub 2}·6H{sub 2}O in the solution containing ball-milled Sm(Co, Hf){sub 7} particles by a simple polyol method with ethylene glycol as the solvent. Phase composition, microstructure and magnetic properties of the particles were analyzed by XRD, TEM (HRTEM) and VSM, respectively. It has been found that Sm-Co/Co core/shell structure is formed in which the Co shell is 3–5 nm in thickness and mainly exists in hcp-Co phase. At the same time, fcc-Co tends to nucleate and grow independently between Sm-Co particles. The formation mechanism of Sm-Co/Co composite particles is discussed and corresponding model is established. Sm-Co/Co composite particles perform obvious remanence enhancement effects especially after being heated at 450 °C for 15 min.

One-pot synthesis of porous Fe{sub 3}O{sub 4} shell/silver core nanocomposites used as recyclable magnetic antibacterial agents

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Fang, Weijun, E-mail: wjfang81@gmail.com [College of Basic Medicine, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, Anhui (China); Zheng, Jun; Chen, Cheng [Center of Modern Experimental Technology, Anhui University, Hefei 230039, Anhui (China); Zhang, Huabing; Lu, Yunxia [College of Basic Medicine, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, Anhui (China); Ma, Ling [Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, Fujian (China); Chen, Guangjun [College of Basic Medicine, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, Anhui (China)

2014-05-01

Porous Fe{sub 3}O{sub 4} shell/silver core nanocomposites featuring sustainable and recyclable antibacterial activity have been successfully prepared via a facile one-pot hydrothermal method. The unique structural feature of the Ag@Fe{sub 3}O{sub 4} nanocomposites with Ag embedded in porous Fe{sub 3}O{sub 4} shell endows them with the ability of sustained-release of silver ions. Their antimicrobial activity studies were investigated on both Gram negative Escherichia coli and Gram positive Bacillus subtilis, which demonstrate that the nanocomposites are highly toxic to microorganisms and exhibit sustainable antibacterial activity. Besides, the Ag@Fe{sub 3}O{sub 4} nanocomposites can be separated easily from the medium by a small magnet, which provided an effective way to eliminate the residual nanosilver from the surroundings. We finally demonstrate that the recovered nanocomposites exhibit recyclable antibacterial activity, acting as an ideal long-acting antibacterial agent. - Highlights: • The porous Fe{sub 3}O{sub 4} shell/silver core nanocomposites have been successfully prepared via a simple one-pot hydrothermal method. • The as-prepared Ag@Fe{sub 3}O{sub 4} nanocomposites exhibit high antibacterial activity against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. • The porous Fe{sub 3}O{sub 4} shell/silver core nanocomposites show a stronger antibacterial ability than the solid Fe{sub 3}O{sub 4} shell/silver core nanocomposites. • The recovery nanocomposites still have antibacterial activity and can be reused.

Magnetic nanocomposites based on phosphorus-containing polymers—structural characterization and thermal analysis

Science.gov (United States)

Alosmanov, R. M.; Szuwarzyński, M.; Schnelle-Kreis, J.; Matuschek, G.; Magerramov, A. M.; Azizov, A. A.; Zimmermann, R.; Zapotoczny, S.

2018-04-01

Fabrication of magnetic nanocomposites containing iron oxide nanoparticles formed in situ within a phosphorus-containing polymer matrix as well as its structural characterization and its thermal degradation is reported here. Comparative structural studies of the parent polymer and nanocomposites were performed using FTIR spectroscopy, x-ray diffraction, and atomic force microscopy. The results confirmed the presence of dispersed iron oxide magnetic nanoparticles in the polymer matrix. The formed composite combines the properties of porous polymer carriers and magnetic particles enabling easy separation and reapplication of such polymeric carriers used in, for example, catalysis or environmental remediation. Studies on thermal degradation of the composites revealed that the process proceeds in three stages while a significant influence of the embedded magnetic particles on that process was observed in the first two stages. Magnetic force microscopy studies revealed that nanocomposites and its calcinated form have strong magnetic properties. The obtained results provide a comprehensive characterization of magnetic nanocomposites and the products of their calcination that are important for their possible applications as sorbents (regeneration conditions, processing temperature, disposal, etc).

Large-Strain Transparent Magnetoactive Polymer Nanocomposites

Science.gov (United States)

Meador, Michael A.

2012-01-01

A document discusses polymer nano - composite superparamagnetic actuators that were prepared by the addition of organically modified superparamagnetic nanoparticles to the polymer matrix. The nanocomposite films exhibited large deformations under a magnetostatic field with a low loading level of 0.1 wt% in a thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer (TPU) matrix. The maximum actuation deformation of the nanocomposite films increased exponentially with increasing nanoparticle concentration. The cyclic deformation actuation of a high-loading magnetic nanocomposite film was examined in a low magnetic field, and it exhibited excellent reproducibility and controllability. Low-loading TPU nanocomposite films (0.1-2 wt%) were transparent to semitransparent in the visible wavelength range, owing to good dispersion of the magnetic nanoparticles. Magnetoactuation phenomena were also demonstrated in a high-modulus, high-temperature polyimide resin with less mechanical deformation.

Preparation and performance of ZnO/Polyaniline nano-composite for supercapacitor

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Yu, S.P.; Chang, X.C.; Wang, Z.M.; Han, K.F.; Zhu, H. [Beijing Univ. of Chemical Technology, Beijing (China). School of Science

2010-07-01

Supercapacitors combine the advantages of traditional capacitors and batteries. In this study, a zinc oxide (ZnO-PANI) nano-composite material was fabricated in order to investigate its behaviour in a supercapacitor application. The ZnO nano-powder was synthesized using the sol-gel method. An inverted emulsion polymerization method was then used to prepare the ZnO/PANI nanocomposite. X-ray diffraction (XRD) analyses demonstrated that the prepared ZnO had a hexagonal structure. The ZnO/PANI composite electrode was prepared. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) analyses indicated that the nano-composite material functioned well as an electrode. The highest capacitance rating achieved by the electrode was 31.82 F per g. 6 refs., 4 figs.

Preparation of polyurethane/montmorillonite nanocomposites by solution: characterization using low-field NMR and study of thermal stability

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Silva, Marcos Anacleto da; Tavares, Maria Ines B.

2009-01-01

Polyurethanes (PU) are important and versatile class of polymer materials, especially because of their desirable properties, such as high abrasion resistance, tear strength, excellent shock absorption, flexibility and elasticity. However, there also exist some disadvantages, for example, low thermal stability and barrier properties. To overcome the disadvantages, research on novel polyurethane/clay nanocomposites has been carried out. The investigation of the structure of polyurethane/clay nanocomposites has been mostly done by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). In this work, PU/clay films were prepared by solution, and the obtained nanocomposites were characterized by XRD and low-field nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR). Low field NMR measurements were able to provide important information on molecular dynamics of the polymeric nanocomposites PU/OMMT. In addition, they also confirmed the results obtained by XRD. The thermal stability was determined by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). (author)

Preparation of magnetic composite based on zinc oxide nanoparticles and chitosan as a photocatalyst for removal of reactive blue 198

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Nguyen, Van Cuong; Nguyen, Ngoc Lam Giang; Hue Pho, Quoc

2015-01-01

In this study a novel magnetic composite used as a photocatalyst with combination of zinc oxide nanoparticles and chitosan (ZnO/Fe 3 O 4 /CS) was synthesized by a simple co-precipitation method. The role of the prepared magnetic nanocomposite is to improve the removal efficiency of textile dye due to the photocatalytic activity of zinc oxide nanoparticles and reusable capacity of Fe 3 O 4 magnetic nanoparticles. Constituents and structure properties of ZnO/Fe 3 O 4 /CS were investigated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), x-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). Magnetic property of the prepared composite was determined by vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM). The results demonstrated that ZnO/Fe 3 O 4 /CS nanocomposite dramatically improved the removal efficiency of reactive blue 198 dye (RB198) with high photocatalytic activity and easy separation by a permanent magnet. In addition, the photocatalytic activity of the prepared composite was also performed under different parameters such as contact time, initial pH, the amount of composite and initial concentration of RB198. Interestingly, ZnO/Fe 3 O 4 /CS nanocomposite still showed high removal efficiency after recycling three times and performed in a real textile dyeing wastewater. (paper)

Magnetic and photoluminescence properties of Fe{sub 3}O{sub 4}-SiO{sub 2}-YP{sub 1-x}V{sub x}O{sub 4}:Dy{sup 3+} nanocomposites

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Shi Jianhui; Liu Deming; Tong Lizhu; Yang Xuwei [College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012 (China); Yang Hua, E-mail: huayang86@sina.com [College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012 (China)

2011-10-20

Highlights: > Bifunctional Fe{sub 3}O{sub 4}-SiO{sub 2}-YP{sub 0.1}V{sub 0.9}O{sub 4}:Dy{sup 3+} nanocomposite was fabricated by a sol-gel method. > The structure, luminescent and magnetic properties were characterized of the nanocomposites. > It is shown that the nanocomposite with a core-shell structure has excellent fluorescent and magnetic properties. > The effects of the magnetic field on the luminescence properties of nanocomposite were discussed. - Abstract: In this paper, we report on the bifunctional Fe{sub 3}O{sub 4}-SiO{sub 2}-YP{sub 0.1}V{sub 0.9}O{sub 4}:Dy{sup 3+} nanocomposites were prepared by the solvothermal method and sol-gel method. The structure, photoluminescence (PL) and magnetic properties of the nanocomposites were characterized by means of X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscope, transmission electron microscope, PL excitation and emission spectra and vibration sample magnetometry. It is shown that Fe{sub 3}O{sub 4}-SiO{sub 2}-YP{sub 0.1}V{sub 0.9}O{sub 4}:Dy{sup 3+} nanocomposites with a core-shell structure present excellent fluorescent and magnetic properties. Additionally, the effects of the magnetic field on the luminescence properties of nanocomposites were discussed.

Novel transparent and flexible nanocomposite film prepared from chrysotile nanofibres

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Liu, Kun, E-mail: kliu@csu.edu.cn [School of Minerals Processing and Bioengineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083 (China); Zhu, Binnan; Feng, Qiming [School of Minerals Processing and Bioengineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083 (China); Duan, Tao [Joint Laboratory for Extreme Conditions Matter Properties, Southwest University of Science and Technology and Research Center of Laser Fusion, CAEP, Mianyang 621010 (China)

2013-10-01

In the present study, chrysotile nanofibres, obtained from physicochemical dispersion of natural chrysotile, were used to prepare nanofibre sheets by vacuum filtration. As-prepared sheets were then impregnated by UV-curable resin and cured by ultraviolet light to fabricate the flexible and transparent nanocomposite films. Observed from SEM, the transparent films showed a smooth surface and a typical sandwich structure in cross section, viz. nanofibre sheet filled with resin was sandwiched by two layers of resin. XRD patterns indicated the amorphous nature of cured resin and characteristic crystallographic structure of chrysotile in nanocomposite films. Though the nanofibre sheets were white in colour, and nanofibre contents in nanocomposites were as much as 43.4 wt%, the nanocomposite films displayed an excellent optical transparency with about 85% light transmittance in the visible light range. Tensile tests showed that the addition of nanofibres resulted in a great improvement in mechanical strength of the nanocomposite films; with the increase of nanofibre contents, the modulus and tensile strength of nanocomposite films increased gradually. - Graphical abstract: Photos show the experimental phenomenon. The white nanofibre sheets can be written or printed like paper, and it's very interested that the handwriting is clearly visible from the front and back of the transparent films prepared from nanofibre sheets by vacuum impregnation and UV curing. This phenomenon can be attributed to the increase of transparency of film, which results from the replacement of air interstices in nanofibre sheet by resin with higher refractive index. Visible light can pass easily through the transparent film without obvious loss, but can be apparently adsorbed and scattered by ink particles that adhered to nanofibres and embedded in resin. - Highlights: • A flexible and transparent film is prepared from chrysotile nanofibres. • The nanofibre sheet is sandwiched by two

Novel transparent and flexible nanocomposite film prepared from chrysotile nanofibres

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Liu, Kun; Zhu, Binnan; Feng, Qiming; Duan, Tao

2013-01-01

In the present study, chrysotile nanofibres, obtained from physicochemical dispersion of natural chrysotile, were used to prepare nanofibre sheets by vacuum filtration. As-prepared sheets were then impregnated by UV-curable resin and cured by ultraviolet light to fabricate the flexible and transparent nanocomposite films. Observed from SEM, the transparent films showed a smooth surface and a typical sandwich structure in cross section, viz. nanofibre sheet filled with resin was sandwiched by two layers of resin. XRD patterns indicated the amorphous nature of cured resin and characteristic crystallographic structure of chrysotile in nanocomposite films. Though the nanofibre sheets were white in colour, and nanofibre contents in nanocomposites were as much as 43.4 wt%, the nanocomposite films displayed an excellent optical transparency with about 85% light transmittance in the visible light range. Tensile tests showed that the addition of nanofibres resulted in a great improvement in mechanical strength of the nanocomposite films; with the increase of nanofibre contents, the modulus and tensile strength of nanocomposite films increased gradually. - Graphical abstract: Photos show the experimental phenomenon. The white nanofibre sheets can be written or printed like paper, and it's very interested that the handwriting is clearly visible from the front and back of the transparent films prepared from nanofibre sheets by vacuum impregnation and UV curing. This phenomenon can be attributed to the increase of transparency of film, which results from the replacement of air interstices in nanofibre sheet by resin with higher refractive index. Visible light can pass easily through the transparent film without obvious loss, but can be apparently adsorbed and scattered by ink particles that adhered to nanofibres and embedded in resin. - Highlights: • A flexible and transparent film is prepared from chrysotile nanofibres. • The nanofibre sheet is sandwiched by two

Fe{sub 3}O{sub 4}/carbon nanocomposite: Investigation of capacitive & magnetic properties for supercapacitor applications

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Sinan, Neriman, E-mail: sinanneriman@gmail.com [Department of Advanced Technologies, Materials Science and Engineering Program, Bursa Technical University, Yildirim 16310, Bursa (Turkey); Unur, Ece, E-mail: eceunur@yahoo.com [Department of Energy Systems Engineering, Bursa Technical University, Yildirim 16310, Bursa (Turkey)

2016-11-01

Fe{sub 3}O{sub 4} nanoparticles with ∼10 nm diameters were synthesized by an extremely low-cost, scalable and relatively biocompatible chemical co-precipitation method. Magnetic measurements revealed that Fe{sub 3}O{sub 4} nanoparticles have bifunctional superparamagnetic and ferromagnetic character with saturation magnetization (M{sub s}) values of 64 and 71 emu g{sup −1} at 298 K and 10 K, respectively. Pseudocapacitive Fe{sub 3}O{sub 4} nanoparticles were then integrated into hazelnut shells - an abundant agricultural biomass - by an energy efficient hydrothermal carbonization method. Presence of magnesium oxide (MgO) ceramic template or its precursor in the hydrothermal reactor allowed simultaneous introduction of pores into the composite structure. Hierarchically micro-mesoporous Fe{sub 3}O{sub 4}/C nanocomposite possesses a high specific surface area of 344 m{sup 2} g{sup −1}. Electrochemical properties of Fe{sub 3}O{sub 4}/C nanocomposite were investigated by cyclic voltammetry and galvanostatic charge-discharge measurements in a conventional three-electrode cell. The Fe{sub 3}O{sub 4}/C nanocomposite is able to operate in a large negative potential window in 1 M Na{sub 2}SO{sub 4} aqueous electrolyte (−1.2–0 V vs. Ag/AgCl). Synergistic effect of the Fe{sub 3}O{sub 4} and carbon leads to enhanced specific capacitance, rate capability and cyclability making Fe{sub 3}O{sub 4}/C nanocomposite a very promising negative electrode material for asymmetric supercapacitors. - Highlights: • Fe{sub 3}O{sub 4} (magnetite) particles with ∼10 nm dia. were prepared by a facile chemical co-precipitation. • Fe{sub 3}O{sub 4} nanospheres are superparamagnetic at 298K with high saturation magnetization of 64 emu g{sup −1}. • Porous Fe{sub 3}O{sub 4}/C nanocomposite was also prepared by a green HTC method combined with MgO templating. • Electrochemical properties of Fe{sub 3}O{sub 4}/C were studied in 1 M Na{sub 2}SO{sub 4} (between −1.2 and 0 V vs. Ag

Polymer nanocomposite of laponite RD prepared by gamma irradiation

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Oliveira, Maria J.A.; Silva, Estefania O.; Lugao, Ademar Benevolo; Parra, Duclerc Fernandes, E-mail: mariajhho@yahoo.com.br, E-mail: dfparra@ipen.br [Instituto de Pesquisas Energeticas e Nucleares (IPEN/CNEN-SP), Sao Paulo, SP (Brazil); Amato, Valdir S. [Universidade de Sao Paulo (USP), Sao Paulo, SP (Brazil). Hospital de Clinicas. Divisao de Doencas Infecciosas e Parasitarias

2012-07-01

Nanocomposite hydrogels based on polyvinyl alcohol (PVAl) and polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) containing 0-5 wt % of the synthetic laponite RD clay were prepared by gamma irradiation process. The morphology of the nanocomposite hydrogel was observed by characterizations techniques using: scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and atomic force microscopy (AFM). The structural properties crosslinking was determined by measuring the crosslink gel content extraction on mesh 500 sizes and swelling kinetics at 22 °C. The results showed that crosslinks have inverse dependence on the clay level in the nanocomposite hydrogels, while swelling shows direct dependence. (author)

Polymer nanocomposite of laponite RD prepared by gamma irradiation

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Oliveira, Maria J.A.; Silva, Estefania O.; Lugao, Ademar Benevolo; Parra, Duclerc Fernandes; Amato, Valdir S.

2012-01-01

Nanocomposite hydrogels based on polyvinyl alcohol (PVAl) and polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) containing 0-5 wt % of the synthetic laponite RD clay were prepared by gamma irradiation process. The morphology of the nanocomposite hydrogel was observed by characterizations techniques using: scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and atomic force microscopy (AFM). The structural properties crosslinking was determined by measuring the crosslink gel content extraction on mesh 500 sizes and swelling kinetics at 22 °C. The results showed that crosslinks have inverse dependence on the clay level in the nanocomposite hydrogels, while swelling shows direct dependence. (author)

Development of novel exchange spring magnet by employing nanocomposites of CoFe{sub 2}O{sub 4} and CoFe{sub 2}

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Safi, Rohollah; Ghasemi, Ali, E-mail: ali13912001@yahoo.com; Shoja-Razavi, Reza; Tavoosi, Majid

2016-12-01

CoFe{sub 2}O{sub 4}−CoFe2 hard–soft nanocomposites were prepared via reduction of the cobalt ferrite CoFe{sub 2}O{sub 4} in hydrogen atmosphere at different temperature. The structure and the room temperature magnetization of the samples were characterized by X-ray diffraction, field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM) and vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM). It was found that the saturation magnetization of the nanocomposite powders increases by reduction temperature while their coercivity decreases. The highest M{sub r}/M{sub s} ratio of 0.52 was obtained for sample reduced at 550 °C. Single smooth hysteresis loops of nanocomposites show that these nanocomposites behave as the single-phase materials. This result indicates the presence of exchange coupling between two different hard and soft phases. - Highlights: • CoFe{sub 2}O{sub 4}–CoFe{sub 2} was successfully synthesized by reduction diffusion process. • Two phases are effectively exchange coupled in nanocomposite. • Single smooth hysteresis loop was developed in nanocomposites.

A novel magnetic core-shell nanocomposite Fe3O4@chitosan@ZnO for the green synthesis of 2-benzimidazoles

Science.gov (United States)

Tian, Fei; Niu, Libo; Chen, Bo; Gao, Xuejia; Lan, Xingwang; Huo, Li; Bai, Guoyi

2017-10-01

A novel magnetic core-shell nanocomposite Fe3O4@Chitosan@ZnO was successfully prepared by in situ chemical precipitation method. It has a clear core-shell structure with magnetic Fe3O4 (about 160 nm in diameter) as core, chitosan as the inner shell, and ZnO as the outer shell, as demonstrated by the transmission electron microscopy and the related elemental mapping. Moreover, this nanocomposite has high magnetization (43.6 emu g-1) so that it can be easily separated from the reaction mixture within 4 s by an external magnetic field. The introduction of the natural chitosan shell, instead of the conventional SiO2 shell, and its combination with the active ZnO ensures this novel nanocomposite green character and good catalytic performance in the synthesis of 2-benzimidazoles with moderate to excellent isolated yields at room temperature. Notably, it can be recycled seven times without appreciable loss of its initial catalytic activity, demonstrating its good stability and making it an attractive candidate for the green synthesis of 2-benzimidazoles. [Figure not available: see fulltext.

Preparation and Properties of Polyester-Based Nanocomposite Gel Coat System

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

P. Jawahar

2006-01-01

Full Text Available Nanocomposite gel coat system is prepared using unsaturated polyester resin with aerosil powder, CaCO3, and organoclay. The influence of organoclay addition on mechanical and water barrier properties of gel coat system is studied for different amount (1, 2, and 3 wt % of organoclay. The nanolevel incorporation of organoclay improves the mechanical and water barrier properties of nanocomposite gel coat system. The nanocomposite gel coat system exhibits 55% improvement in tensile modulus and 25% improvement in flexural modulus. There is a 30% improvement in impact property of nanocomposite gel coat system. The dynamic mechanical analysis shows a slight increase in glass transition temperature for nanocomposite gel coat system.

Preparation and characterization of ω-functionalized polystyrene-magnetite nanocomposites

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Jiang Liming; Sun Weilin; Kim, Jungahn

2007-01-01

Magnetite (Fe 3 O 4 ) nanoparticles were prepared by in situ precipitation and oxidation of ferrous ions in the presence of ω-functionalized polystyrenes having carboxylate, sulfonate, thiol, and thiolated groups. Based on the results for the orthogonal experimental design, both the ratio of the concentration of iron precursor to polymer and the reaction temperature were the major factors controlling the particle size and its shape morphology. By adjusting the reaction conditions, the iron oxide particle size can be effectively controlled in the range between 2 and 20 nm. The magnetite-based polymer composite was characterized by UV-vis spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, transmission electron microscopy, and X-ray diffraction. Magnetization measurements revealed that the nanocomposite materials exhibit superparamagnetic behavior at room temperature

Preparation and characterization of {omega}-functionalized polystyrene-magnetite nanocomposites

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Jiang Liming [Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027 (China)]. E-mail: cejlm@zju.edu.cn; Sun Weilin [Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027 (China); Kim, Jungahn [Polymer Hybrids Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul 130-650 (Korea, Republic of)

2007-02-15

Magnetite (Fe{sub 3}O{sub 4}) nanoparticles were prepared by in situ precipitation and oxidation of ferrous ions in the presence of {omega}-functionalized polystyrenes having carboxylate, sulfonate, thiol, and thiolated groups. Based on the results for the orthogonal experimental design, both the ratio of the concentration of iron precursor to polymer and the reaction temperature were the major factors controlling the particle size and its shape morphology. By adjusting the reaction conditions, the iron oxide particle size can be effectively controlled in the range between 2 and 20 nm. The magnetite-based polymer composite was characterized by UV-vis spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, transmission electron microscopy, and X-ray diffraction. Magnetization measurements revealed that the nanocomposite materials exhibit superparamagnetic behavior at room temperature.

Synthesis and characterization of functional magnetic nanocomposites

Science.gov (United States)

Gass, J.; Sanders, J.; Srinath, S.; Srikanth, H.

2006-03-01

Magnetic nanoparticles and carbon nanotubes have been excellent functional materials that could be dispersed in polymer matrices for various applications. However, uniform dispersion of particles in polymers without agglomeration is quite challenging. We have fabricated PMMA/polypyrrole bilayer structures embedded with Fe3O4 magnetite nanoparticles synthesized using wet chemical synthesis. Agglomeration-free dispersion of nanoparticles was achieved by coating the particles with surfactants and by dissolving both the particles and PMMA in chlorobenzene. Structural characterization was done using XRD and TEM. Magnetic properties of the bilayer structures indicated superparamagnetic behavior that is desirable for RF applications as the magnetic losses are reduced. Our polymer nanocomposite bilayer films with conducting polymer coatings are potential candidates for tunable RF applications with integrated EMI suppression. We will also report on our studies of pumped ferrofluids flowing past carbon nanotubes that are arranged in microchannel arrays. Magnetization under various flow conditions is investigated and correlated with the hydrodynamic properties. This scheme provides a novel method of energy conversion and storage using nanocomposite materials.

Thermal Stability and Magnetic Properties of Polyvinylidene Fluoride/Magnetite Nanocomposites

OpenAIRE

Ouyang, Zen-Wei; Chen, Erh-Chiang; Wu, Tzong-Ming

2015-01-01

This work describes the thermal stability and magnetic properties of polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF)/magnetite nanocomposites fabricated using the solution mixing technique. The image of transmission electron microscopy for PVDF/magnetite nanocomposites reveals that the 13 nm magnetite nanoparticles are well distributed in PVDF matrix. The electroactive β-phase and piezoelectric responses of PVDF/magnetite nanocomposites are increased as the loading of magnetite nanoparticles increases. The pi...

Gas-phase synthesis of magnetic metal/polymer nanocomposites

Science.gov (United States)

Starsich, Fabian H. L.; Hirt, Ann M.; Stark, Wendelin J.; Grass, Robert N.

2014-12-01

Highly magnetic metal Co nanoparticles were produced via reducing flame spray pyrolysis, and directly coated with an epoxy polymer in flight. The polymer content in the samples varied between 14 and 56 wt% of nominal content. A homogenous dispersion of Co nanoparticles in the resulting nanocomposites was visualized by electron microscopy. The size and crystallinity of the metallic fillers was not affected by the polymer, as shown by XRD and magnetic hysteresis measurements. The good control of the polymer content in the product nanocomposite was shown by elemental analysis. Further, the successful polymerization in the gas phase was demonstrated by electron microscopy and size measurements. The presented effective, dry and scalable one-step synthesis method for highly magnetic metal nanoparticle/polymer composites presented here may drastically decrease production costs and increase industrial yields.

PPLA-cellulose nanocrystals nanocomposite prepared by in situ polymerization

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Paula, Everton L. de; Pereirea, Fabiano V.; Mano, Valdir

2011-01-01

This work reports the preparation and and characterization of a PLLA-cellulose nanocrystals nanocomposite obtained by in situ polymerization. The nanocomposite was prepared by ring opening polymerization of the lactide dimer in the presence of cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) and the as-obtained materials was characterized using FTIR, DSC, XRD and TGA measurements. The incorporation of cellulose nanocrystals in PLLA using this method improved the thermal stability and increased the crystallinity of PLLA. These results indicate that the incorporation of CNCs by in situ polymerization improve thermal properties and has potential to improve also mechanical properties of this biodegradable polymer. (author)

Regenerated cellulose/halloysite nanotube nanocomposite films prepared with an ionic liquid

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Soheilmoghaddam, Mohammad [Department of Polymer Engineering, Faculty of Chemical Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia (UTM), Johor (Malaysia); Wahit, Mat Uzir, E-mail: mat.uzir@cheme.utm.my [Center for Composites, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia (UTM), 81310 Skudai, Johor (Malaysia); Mahmoudian, Shaya [Department of Textile Engineering, Kashan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Kashan (Iran, Islamic Republic of); Hanid, Nurbaiti Abdul [Department of Polymer Engineering, Faculty of Chemical Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia (UTM), Johor (Malaysia)

2013-09-16

Regenerated cellulose/halloysite nanotube (RC/HNT) nanocomposite films were successfully prepared in ionic liquid, 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride (BMIMCl) using solution casting method. The structural, morphological, thermal and mechanical properties of RC/HNT nanocomposites were investigated. X-ray diffraction analysis revealed a cellulose II crystalline structure and well dispersed HNT in RC/HNT nanocomposite films. At 6 wt.% HNT film, tensile strength and Young's modulus of RC films improved by 55.3% and 100%, respectively. Moisture absorption by the nanocomposites in an environment with 75% constant relative humidity was reduced by the addition of HNT to the RC. The presence of HNT enhanced the thermal stability and char yield of RC. The significant reinforcing effects of HNTs demonstrated that there is a possible interface interaction between cellulose and HNT which yielded better thermal and mechanical properties of the nanocomposite films as compared to pure RC. - Highlights: • The RC/HNT nanocomposite films were prepared via ionic liquid, BMIMCl. • XRD diffraction patterns and FESEM revealed well dispersed HNT in cellulose matrix. • The nanocomposite films exhibited excellent mechanical properties. • Moisture absorption and diffusion coefficient of RC reduced by HNT incorporation. • Addition of HNT enhanced thermal stability and activation energy of the RC.

Regenerated cellulose/halloysite nanotube nanocomposite films prepared with an ionic liquid

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Soheilmoghaddam, Mohammad; Wahit, Mat Uzir; Mahmoudian, Shaya; Hanid, Nurbaiti Abdul

2013-01-01

Regenerated cellulose/halloysite nanotube (RC/HNT) nanocomposite films were successfully prepared in ionic liquid, 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride (BMIMCl) using solution casting method. The structural, morphological, thermal and mechanical properties of RC/HNT nanocomposites were investigated. X-ray diffraction analysis revealed a cellulose II crystalline structure and well dispersed HNT in RC/HNT nanocomposite films. At 6 wt.% HNT film, tensile strength and Young's modulus of RC films improved by 55.3% and 100%, respectively. Moisture absorption by the nanocomposites in an environment with 75% constant relative humidity was reduced by the addition of HNT to the RC. The presence of HNT enhanced the thermal stability and char yield of RC. The significant reinforcing effects of HNTs demonstrated that there is a possible interface interaction between cellulose and HNT which yielded better thermal and mechanical properties of the nanocomposite films as compared to pure RC. - Highlights: • The RC/HNT nanocomposite films were prepared via ionic liquid, BMIMCl. • XRD diffraction patterns and FESEM revealed well dispersed HNT in cellulose matrix. • The nanocomposite films exhibited excellent mechanical properties. • Moisture absorption and diffusion coefficient of RC reduced by HNT incorporation. • Addition of HNT enhanced thermal stability and activation energy of the RC

Preparation and characterization of an iron oxide-hydroxyapatite nanocomposite for potential bone cancer therapy.

Science.gov (United States)

Sneha, Murugesan; Sundaram, Nachiappan Meenakshi

2015-01-01

Recently, multifunctional magnetic nanostructures have been found to have potential applications in biomedical and tissue engineering. Iron oxide nanoparticles are biocompatible and have distinctive magnetic properties that allow their use in vivo for drug delivery and hyperthermia, and as T2 contrast agents for magnetic resonance imaging. Hydroxyapatite is used frequently due to its well-known biocompatibility, bioactivity, and lack of toxicity, so a combination of iron oxide and hydroxyapatite materials could be useful because hydroxyapatite has better bone-bonding ability. In this study, we prepared nanocomposites of iron oxide and hydroxyapatite and analyzed their physicochemical properties. The results suggest that these composites have superparamagnetic as well as biocompatible properties. This type of material architecture would be well suited for bone cancer therapy and other biomedical applications.

Testing the stability of magnetic iron oxides/kaolinite nanocomposite under various pH conditions

Science.gov (United States)

Tokarčíková, Michaela; Tokarský, Jonáš; Kutláková, Kateřina Mamulová; Seidlerová, Jana

2017-09-01

Magnetically modified clays containing iron oxides nanoparticles (FexOy NPs) are low-cost and environmentally harmless materials suitable for sorption of pollutants from wastewaters. Stability of this smart material was evaluated both experimentally and theoretically using molecular modelling. Original kaolinite and prepared FexOy/kaolinite nanocomposite were characterized using X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy, X-ray powder diffraction, infrared spectroscopy, and transmission electron microscopy, and the stability was studied using leaching tests performed according to the European technical standard EN 12457-2 in deionized water and extraction agents with varying pH (2, 4, 9, and 11). The influence of pH on amount of FexOy NPs released from the composite and amount of the basic elements released from the kaolinite structure was studied using inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy. All experiments proved that the magnetic properties of the nanocomposite will not change even after leaching in extraction agents with various pH.

Nanocomposite Coatings: Preparation, Characterization, Properties, and Applications

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Phuong Nguyen-Tri

2018-01-01

Full Text Available Incorporation of nanofillers into the organic coatings might enhance their barrier performance, by decreasing the porosity and zigzagging the diffusion path for deleterious species. Thus, the coatings containing nanofillers are expected to have significant barrier properties for corrosion protection and reduce the trend for the coating to blister or delaminate. On the other hand, high hardness could be obtained for metallic coatings by producing the hard nanocrystalline phases within a metallic matrix. This article presents a review on recent development of nanocomposite coatings, providing an overview of nanocomposite coatings in various aspects dealing with the classification, preparative method, the nanocomposite coating properties, and characterization methods. It covers potential applications in areas such as the anticorrosion, antiwear, superhydrophobic area, self-cleaning, antifouling/antibacterial area, and electronics. Finally, conclusion and future trends will be also reported.

Synthesis and magnetic properties of bulk transparent PMMA/Fe-oxide nanocomposites

Science.gov (United States)

Li, Shanghua; Qin, Jian; Fornara, Andrea; Toprak, Muhammet; Muhammed, Mamoun; Kim, Do Kyung

2009-05-01

PMMA/Fe-oxide nanocomposites are fabricated by a chemical method. Monodispersed Fe-oxide nanoparticles are well dispersed in the PMMA matrix by in situ polymerization, resulting in a bulk transparent polymeric nanocomposite. The magnetic behavior of the PMMA/Fe-oxide nanocomposites is investigated. The transparent PMMA/Fe-oxide nanocomposite has potentially interesting magneto-optic applications without compromising the advantages of a lightweight, noncorrosive polymeric material with very high transparency even for bulk samples.

Synthesis and magnetic properties of bulk transparent PMMA/Fe-oxide nanocomposites

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Li Shanghua; Qin Jian; Fornara, Andrea; Toprak, Muhammet; Muhammed, Mamoun; Kim, Do Kyung

2009-01-01

PMMA/Fe-oxide nanocomposites are fabricated by a chemical method. Monodispersed Fe-oxide nanoparticles are well dispersed in the PMMA matrix by in situ polymerization, resulting in a bulk transparent polymeric nanocomposite. The magnetic behavior of the PMMA/Fe-oxide nanocomposites is investigated. The transparent PMMA/Fe-oxide nanocomposite has potentially interesting magneto-optic applications without compromising the advantages of a lightweight, noncorrosive polymeric material with very high transparency even for bulk samples.

Polyaniline nanocomposites via in situ emulsion polymerization based on montmorillonite: Preparation and characterization

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

M.A. Abd El-Ghaffar

2015-11-01

Full Text Available Polyaniline nanocomposites were prepared via in situ emulsion polymerization in the presence of Na+ montmorillonite (Na+MMT. For achieving this purpose the clay was organophilized to (MMT-CTA form using cetyltrimethyl ammonium bromide (CTAB. The X-ray diffraction (XRD demonstrated that the basal space of Na+-montmorillonite increased after the organophilization from 11.21 to 19.35 Å. Polyaniline/montmorillonite (PAn/MMT nanocomposites were prepared by intercalating the emulsion of aniline monomer with treated organically layers of (Na+-MMT using ammonium peroxydisulfate (APS as an initiator. Furthermore aniline hydrochloride (AnHCl was used as a modifier and monomer to prepare PAn/H+MMT nanocomposites by cation exchange of the anilinuim moiety with the sodium ion inside the basal spaces which enlarged after the polymerization process to 35 Å as evidenced from X-ray diffraction (XRD. The d-spacing of the PAn/H+-MMT nanocomposite was found to become wider about 23.79 Å than that of the pure Na+-MMT, and successful intercalation or exfoliation of PAnH+ into Na+-MMT layers. The prepared PAn/MMT nanocomposites were characterized by thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA, scanning electron microscope (SEM, and transmission electron microscope (TEM. The electrical property measurements showed an enhancement in the conductivity values of the prepared nanocomposites especially on using AnHCl monomer to be in the order of 10−1 S/cm.

Structural and magnetic properties of CoFe{sub 2}O{sub 4}/NiFe{sub 2}O{sub 4} core/shell nanocomposite prepared by the hydrothermal method

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Sattar, A.A. [Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Ain Shams University, 11566 Abbasia, Cairo (Egypt); EL-Sayed, H.M., E-mail: h_m_elsaid@hotmail.com [Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Ain Shams University, 11566 Abbasia, Cairo (Egypt); ALsuqia, Ibrahim [Department of Physics, Faculty of Education and Applied Science, Hajjah University, Alshahli, Hajjah (Yemen)

2015-12-01

CoFe{sub 2}O{sub 4}/NiFe{sub 2}O{sub 4} core/shell magnetic nanocomposite was synthesized by using hydrothermal method.The analysis of XRD indicated the coexistence of CoFe{sub 2}O{sub 4}, NiFe{sub 2}O{sub 4}as core/shell composite. The core/shell structure of the composite sample has been confirmed by HR-TEM images, EDX and FT-IR measurements. The size of obtained core/shell nanoparticles was 17 nm in core diameter and about 3 nm in shell thickness. The magnetization measurements showed that both the coercive field and the saturation magnetization of the resulting core/shell nanocomposite were slightly decreased compared to those of the CoFe{sub 2}O{sub 4} core but the thermal stability is of the magnetization parameter was enhanced. Furthermore, superparamagnetic phase is established at temperatures higher than the room temperature. The results were discussed in terms of the surface pinning and the magnetic interaction at the interface between the core and shell. - Highlights: • CoFe{sub 2}O{sub 4}/NiFe{sub 2}O{sub 4} core/shell could be prepared by hydrothermal method. • The structural analysis proved the formation of NiFe{sub 2}O{sub 4} shell with thickness 3 nm. • The thermal stability of M{sub s} and H{sub c} is enhanced due to the presence of NiFe{sub 2}O{sub 4} as a shell. • Super paramagnetic transition is confirmed and the effective magnetic anisotropy was calculated.

Temperature dependent magnetic behavior of α-Fe2O3/GO nanocomposites

Science.gov (United States)

Mishra, Amodini; Moahnty, T.; Kuanr, B. K.

2018-04-01

Here, α-Fe2O3/GO nanocomposites were successfully synthesized by using the co-precipitation method. The phase formation of α-Fe2O3 nanoparticles was confirmed by using X-ray diffraction (XRD) study. The study of surface morphology of α-Fe2O3/GO nanocomposites was performed by using field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) technique. Magnetic property measurement and determination of various magnetic parameters of α-Fe2O3/GO nanocomposites was carried out by physical property measurement system (PPMS).

Ternary magnetic g-C{sub 3}N{sub 4}/Fe{sub 3}O{sub 4}/AgI nanocomposites: Novel recyclable photocatalysts with enhanced activity in degradation of different pollutants under visible light

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Akhundi, Anise; Habibi-Yangjeh, Aziz, E-mail: ahabibi@uma.ac.ir

2016-05-01

In the present work, we illustrate the preparation of graphitic carbon nitride/magnetite/silver iodide (g-C{sub 3}N{sub 4}/Fe{sub 3}O{sub 4}/AgI) nanocomposites, as novel magnetically recyclable visible-light-driven photocatalysts. The nanocomposites were prepared by reflux method at 96 °C with no require to any additives or post preparation treatments. The resultant samples were characterized using XRD, EDX, SEM, TEM, FT-IR, UV–vis DRS, PL, TGA, and VSM techniques. Among the nanocomposites, the sample with 20 percent of AgI displayed superior activity. This nanocomposite exhibited superparamagnetic property with a saturation magnetization of 16.9 emu/g. Photocatalytic activity of the g-C{sub 3}N{sub 4}/Fe{sub 3}O{sub 4}/AgI (20%) nanocomposite was about 8.7 and 6.9 fold higher than those of the g-C{sub 3}N{sub 4} and g-C{sub 3}N{sub 4}/Fe{sub 3}O{sub 4} samples, respectively for degradation of rhodamine B (RhB) under visible-light irradiation. Moreover, we investigated the influence of refluxing time, calcination temperature, and scavengers of the reactive species on the degradation activity. It was demonstrated that the ternary magnetic photocatalyst has considerable activity in degradation of two more dye pollutants. Besides, it was demonstrated that the ternary magnetic nanocomposite has reasonable stability during five recycling experiments. - Highlights: • Novel ternary g-C{sub 3}N{sub 4}/Fe{sub 3}O{sub 4}/AgI nanocomposites were prepared using a facile method. • g-C{sub 3}N{sub 4}/Fe{sub 3}O{sub 4}/AgI (20%) has the best activity in degradation of RhB under visible-light. • The activity is 8.7 and 6.9E-fold higher than g-C{sub 3}N{sub 4} and g-C{sub 3}N{sub 4}/Fe{sub 3}O{sub 4}, respectively. • The nanocomposite showed enhance activity in degradation of two more pollutants.

Sulfonated Magnetic Nanocomposite Based on Reactive PGMA-MAn Copolymer@Fe3O4 Nanoparticles: Effective Removal of Cu(II Ions from Aqueous Solutions

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Reza Hasanzadeh

2016-01-01

Full Text Available Chelating magnetic nanocomposites have been considered as suitable materials for removal of heavy metal ions for water treatment. In this work poly(glycidyl methacrylate-maleic anhydride copolymer (PGMA-MAn is modified with 4-aminobenzenesulfonic acid (ABSAc and subsequently the product reacted with modified Fe3O4 nanoparticles and 1,2-ethanedithiol (EDT in the presence of ultrasonic irradiation for preparation of tridimensional chelating magnetic nanocomposite. Synthesized magnetic nanocomposite was characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR, scanning electron microscopy (SEM, X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD, vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM, energy dispersive X-ray analysis (EDX, elemental mapping analysis (EMA, Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET, and thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA. The adsorption behavior of Cu(II ions was investigated by synthesized nanocomposite in various parameters such as pH, contact time, metal ion concentration, and adsorbent dosage. The equilibrium distribution coefficient (kd was determined and the findings prove that the kd value is approximately high in the case of all selected metal ions. The synthesized nanocomposite exhibited good tendency for removing Cu(II ions from aqueous solutions even at an acidic pH.

In situ microemulsion synthesis of hydroxyapatite-MgFe{sub 2}O{sub 4} nanocomposite as a magnetic drug delivery system

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Foroughi, Firoozeh [Young Researchers and Elite Club, Najafabad Branch, Islamic Azad University, Najafabad (Iran, Islamic Republic of); Hassanzadeh-Tabrizi, S.A., E-mail: tabrizi1980@gmail.com [Young Researchers and Elite Club, Najafabad Branch, Islamic Azad University, Najafabad (Iran, Islamic Republic of); Bigham, Ashkan [Advanced Materials Research Center, Department of Materials Engineering, Najafabad Branch, Islamic Azad University, Najafabad (Iran, Islamic Republic of)

2016-11-01

In this study, an innovative synthesis process has been developed to produce hydroxyapatite-magnesium ferrite (HA-MgFe{sub 2}O{sub 4}) nanocomposite. In addition, the effect of calcination temperature on drug delivery behavior of produced samples was investigated. HA-MgFe{sub 2}O{sub 4} nanocomposite was prepared via one-step modified reverse microemulsion synthesis route. The resulting products were characterized by X-ray Diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM), and Brunauer–Emmett–Teller surface area analysis (BET). The calcined samples at 500 and 700 °C demonstrated mesoporous characteristics and large specific surface areas of 88 and 32 m{sup 2}/g, respectively. TEM and VSM results showed that the nanocomposite calcined at 700 °C has core–shell morphology and a maximum saturation magnetization of 9.47 emu g{sup −1}. - Highlights: • A one-step modified reverse microemulsion method has been used to produce hydroxyapatite-magnesium ferrite. • Nanocomposites were loaded with ibuprofen as a magnetic drug delivery system. • The drug release behavior of nanocomposites were studied at different calcination temperature.

Polylactide-based polyurethane shape memory nanocomposites (Fe3O4/PLAUs) with fast magnetic responsiveness

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Gu, Shu-Ying; Jin, Sheng-Peng; Gao, Xie-Feng; Mu, Jian

2016-01-01

Polylactide-based polyurethane shape memory nanocomposites (Fe 3 O 4 /PLAUs) with fast magnetic responsiveness are presented. For the purpose of fast response and homogeneous dispersion of magnetic nanoparticles, oleic acid was used to improve the dispersibility of Fe 3 O 4 nanoparticles in a polymer matrix. A homogeneous distribution of Fe 3 O 4 nanoparticles in the polymer matrix was obtained for nanocomposites with low Fe 3 O 4 loading content. A small agglomeration was observed for nanocomposites with 6 wt% and 9 wt% loading content, leading to a small decline in the mechanical properties. PLAU and its nanocomposites have glass transition around 52 °C, which can be used as the triggering temperature. PLAU and its nanocomposites have shape fixity ratios above 99%, shape recovery ratios above 82% for the first cycle and shape recovery ratios above 91% for the second cycle. PLAU and its nanocomposites also exhibit a fast water bath or magnetic responsiveness. The magnetic recovery time decreases with an increase in the loading content of Fe 3 O 4 nanoparticles due to an improvement in heating performance for increased weight percentage of fillers. The nanocomposites have fast responses in an alternating magnetic field and have potential application in biomedical areas such as intravascular stent. (paper)

Structure, mechanical and magnetic properties of Al4C3 reinforced nickel matrix nanocomposites

Science.gov (United States)

Chaudhari, Alok Kumar; Singh, Dhananjay Kumar; Singh, V. B.

2018-05-01

A new type of nanocomposite, Ni-Al4C3 was prepared using Al4C3 as reinforcement by cathodic co-deposition at different current densities (1.0 to 5.0 A dm‑2) from a nickel acetate-N-methyl formamide (non-aqueous) bath. Influence of current density and incorporation of Al4C3 particles in nickel matrix on the structure and properties of the composite coatings was investigated. Surface morphology and composition of the deposits were determined by SEM and EDAX. Crystallographic structure and orientation of the electrodeposited Ni-Al4C3 composite were studied by x-ray diffraction. Compared to nickel metal, these nanocomposites exhibited finer grains, higher microhardness, improved corrosion resistance and enhanced soft magnetic properties. Composite deposited at higher current densities (>2 A dm‑2) shows mild texturing along (200) plane. The effect of heat treatment on the microstructure, texture and microhardness of the nanocomposites was also investigated.

Preparation and characterization of exfoliated polyaniline/montmorillonite nanocomposites

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Narayanan, Binitha N.; Koodathil, Ranjana; Gangadharan, Tripti; Yaakob, Zahira; Saidu, Femina K.; Chandralayam, Soumini

2010-01-01

Transition metal ions were exchanged with the interlamellar cations of montmorillonite clays and polymerization of aniline was done within the layers. The delaminated clay layers upon ion exchange resulted in exfoliated polyaniline/clay nanocomposite formation which has profound effects on polymer structure, properties and electrical conduction mechanisms. Here we offer polyaniline (PANI)/montmorillonite exfoliated nanocomposite synthesized through a simple, cheap route which need not require complicated and less economical organophilic modification. The prepared composites were characterized using XRD, FTIR, and TG/DTA to prove exfoliation.

Preparation and characterization of exfoliated polyaniline/montmorillonite nanocomposites

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Narayanan, Binitha N., E-mail: binithann@yahoo.co.i [Department of Chemistry, Sree Neelakanta Government Sanskrit College, Pattambi, Palakkad 679306, Kerala (India); Department of Chemical and Process Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, National University of Malaysia, 43600 UKM Bangi, Selangor (Malaysia); Koodathil, Ranjana; Gangadharan, Tripti [Department of Chemistry, Sree Neelakanta Government Sanskrit College, Pattambi, Palakkad 679306, Kerala (India); Yaakob, Zahira [Department of Chemical and Process Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, National University of Malaysia, 43600 UKM Bangi, Selangor (Malaysia); Saidu, Femina K.; Chandralayam, Soumini [Department of Chemistry, Sree Neelakanta Government Sanskrit College, Pattambi, Palakkad 679306, Kerala (India)

2010-04-15

Transition metal ions were exchanged with the interlamellar cations of montmorillonite clays and polymerization of aniline was done within the layers. The delaminated clay layers upon ion exchange resulted in exfoliated polyaniline/clay nanocomposite formation which has profound effects on polymer structure, properties and electrical conduction mechanisms. Here we offer polyaniline (PANI)/montmorillonite exfoliated nanocomposite synthesized through a simple, cheap route which need not require complicated and less economical organophilic modification. The prepared composites were characterized using XRD, FTIR, and TG/DTA to prove exfoliation.

Biomimetic three-dimensional nanocrystalline hydroxyapatite and magnetically synthesized single-walled carbon nanotube chitosan nanocomposite for bone regeneration

Science.gov (United States)

Im, Owen; Li, Jian; Wang, Mian; Zhang, Lijie Grace; Keidar, Michael

2012-01-01

Background Many shortcomings exist in the traditional methods of treating bone defects, such as donor tissue shortages for autografts and disease transmission for allografts. The objective of this study was to design a novel three-dimensional nanostructured bone substitute based on magnetically synthesized single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNT), biomimetic hydrothermally treated nanocrystalline hydroxyapatite, and a biocompatible hydrogel (chitosan). Both nanocrystalline hydroxyapatite and SWCNT have a biomimetic nanostructure, excellent osteoconductivity, and high potential to improve the load-bearing capacity of hydrogels. Methods Specifically, three-dimensional porous chitosan scaffolds with different concentrations of nanocrystalline hydroxyapatite and SWCNT were created to support the growth of human osteoblasts (bone-forming cells) using a lyophilization procedure. Two types of SWCNT were synthesized in an arc discharge with a magnetic field (B-SWCNT) and without a magnetic field (N-SWCNT) for improving bone regeneration. Results Nanocomposites containing magnetically synthesized B-SWCNT had superior cytocompatibility properties when compared with nonmagnetically synthesized N-SWCNT. B-SWCNT have much smaller diameters and are twice as long as their nonmagnetically prepared counterparts, indicating that the dimensions of carbon nanotubes can have a substantial effect on osteoblast attachment. Conclusion This study demonstrated that a chitosan nanocomposite with both B-SWCNT and 20% nanocrystalline hydroxyapatite could achieve a higher osteoblast density when compared with the other experimental groups, thus making this nanocomposite promising for further exploration for bone regeneration. PMID:22619545

Carboxymethyl chitosan based nanocomposites containing chemically bonded quantum dots and magnetic nanoparticles

Science.gov (United States)

Ding, Yongling; Yin, Hong; Chen, Rui; Bai, Ru; Chen, Chunying; Hao, Xiaojuan; Shen, Shirley; Sun, Kangning; Liu, Futian

2018-03-01

A biocompatible nanocomposite consisting of fluorescent quantum dots (QDs) and magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) has been constructed via carboxymethyl chitosan (CMCS), resulting in magnetic-fluorescent nanoparticles (MFNPs). In these MFNPs, QDs and MNPs are successfully conjugated via covalent bonds onto the surface of CMCS. The composite retains favorable magnetic and fluorescent properties and shows a good colloidal stability in physiological environments. Folate (FA) as a specific targeting ligand was further incorporated into the nanocomposites to form a delivery vehicle with a targeting function. The therapeutic activity was achieved by loading chemotherapeutic drug doxorubicin (DOX) through electrostatic and hydrophobic interactions. The cumulative DOX release profile shows pH-sensitive. Both flow cytometry analysis and confocal laser scanning microscopic observation suggested that these nanocomposites were uptaken by cancer cells via FA receptor-mediated endocytosis pathway. In summary, the CMCS based nanocomposites developed in this work have a great potential for effective cancer-targeting and drug delivery, as well as in situ cellular imaging.

Preparation and characterization of porous reduced graphene oxide based inverse spinel nickel ferrite nanocomposite for adsorption removal of radionuclides

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Lingamdinne, Lakshmi Prasanna; Choi, Yu-Lim [Department of Environmental Engineering, Kwangwoon University, Seoul, 139-701 (Korea, Republic of); Kim, Im-Soon [Graduate School of Environmental Studies, Kwangwoon University, Seoul, 139-701 (Korea, Republic of); Yang, Jae-Kyu [Ingenium College of Liberal Arts, Kwangwoon University, Seoul, 139-701 (Korea, Republic of); Koduru, Janardhan Reddy, E-mail: reddyjchem@gmail.com [Graduate School of Environmental Studies, Kwangwoon University, Seoul, 139-701 (Korea, Republic of); Chang, Yoon-Young, E-mail: yychang@kw.ac.kr [Department of Environmental Engineering, Kwangwoon University, Seoul, 139-701 (Korea, Republic of)

2017-03-15

Highlights: • Novel porous Ferromagnetic, GONF and Superparamagnetic, rGONF preparation. • The nanosize particles GONF (41.14 nm) and rGONF (32.16 nm) preparation. • Adsorption mechanism and modeling developments for radionuclides. • Zeta potential and surface site density of nanocomposites for comparison. - Abstract: For the removal of uranium(VI) (U(VI)) and thorium(IV) (Th(IV)), graphene oxide based inverse spinel nickel ferrite (GONF) nanocomposite and reduced graphene oxide based inverse spinel nickel ferrite (rGONF) nanocomposite were prepared by co-precipitation of GO with nickel and iron salts in one pot. The spectral characterization analyses revealed that GONF and rGONF have a porous surface morphology with an average particle size of 41.41 nm and 32.16 nm, respectively. The magnetic property measurement system (MPMS) studies confirmed the formation of ferromagnetic GONF and superparamagnetic rGONF. The adsorption kinetics studies found that the pseudo-second-order kinetics was well tune to the U(VI) and Th(IV) adsorption. The results of adsorption isotherms showed that the adsorption of U(VI) and Th(IV) were due to the monolayer on homogeneous surface of the GONF and rGONF. The adsorptions of both U(VI) and Th(IV) were increased with increasing system temperature from 293 to 333 ± 2 K. The thermodynamic studies reveal that the U(VI) and Th(IV) adsorption onto GONF and rGONF was endothermic. GONF and rGONF, which could be separated by external magnetic field, were recycled and re-used for up to five cycles without any significant loss of adsorption capacity.

Biopolymer nanocomposite films reinforced with nanocellulose whiskers

Science.gov (United States)

Amit Saxena; Marcus Foston; Mohamad Kassaee; Thomas J. Elder; Arthur J. Ragauskas

2011-01-01

A xylan nanocomposite film with improved strength and barrier properties was prepared by a solution casting using nanocellulose whiskers as a reinforcing agent. The 13C cross-polarization magic angle spinning (CP/MAS) nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) analysis of the spectral data obtained for the NCW/xylan nanocomposite films indicated the signal intensity originating...

Reduced graphene oxide-germanium quantum dot nanocomposite: electronic, optical and magnetic properties

Science.gov (United States)

Amollo, Tabitha A.; Mola, Genene T.; Nyamori, Vincent O.

2017-12-01

Graphene provides numerous possibilities for structural modification and functionalization of its carbon backbone. Localized magnetic moments can, as well, be induced in graphene by the formation of structural defects which include vacancies, edges, and adatoms. In this work, graphene was functionalized using germanium atoms, we report the effect of the Ge ad atoms on the structural, electrical, optical and magnetic properties of graphene. Reduced graphene oxide (rGO)-germanium quantum dot nanocomposites of high crystalline quality were synthesized by the microwave-assisted solvothermal reaction. Highly crystalline spherical shaped germanium quantum dots, of diameter ranging between 1.6-9.0 nm, are anchored on the basal planes of rGO. The nanocomposites exhibit high electrical conductivity with a sheet resistance of up to 16 Ω sq-1. The electrical conductivity is observed to increase with the increase in Ge content in the nanocomposites. High defect-induced magnetization is attained in the composites via germanium adatoms. The evolution of the magnetic moments in the nanocomposites and the coercivity showed marked dependence on the Ge quantum dots size and concentration. Quantum confinement effects is evidenced in the UV-vis absorbance spectra and photoluminescence emission spectra of the nanocomposites which show marked size-dependence. The composites manifest strong absorption in the UV region, strong luminescence in the near UV region, and a moderate luminescence in the visible region.

Moessbauer studies of magnetic Fe2O3/SiO2 nanocomposite

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Lancok, A.; Zaveta, K.; Savii, C.; Barcova, K.

2006-01-01

Fe 2 O 3 /SiO 2 magnetic nanocomposites rich in Fe 2 O 3 have been obtained by annealing at 1000 grad C the xerogel samples, prepared under various conditions. The target concentrations of iron oxide in inert matrix were 20% and 30%. As mesoporous matrices both silica and polyvinyl alcohol - silica hybrid ones were used. The xerogel nanocomposite samples were obtained in situ and by impregnation under ultrasonic activation. All obtained samples were annealed under moderate oxidation conditions (air) and inert atmosphere such as vacuum or nitrogen. Moessbauer spectra were obtained using a conventional Moessbauer spectrometer with a 57 Co/Rh source and constant acceleration. Velocity calibration was done using α-iron, and the Moessbauer parameters are given relative to this standard at room temperature. The Moessbauer spectra contained the sextets of ε-Fe 2 O 3 , hematite, and superparamagnetic component. The content of various phases in the samples depends on the conditions of preparation. In one of the samples also magnetite was present. The ranges of the ε-Fe 2 O 3 area of the samples are 39-76%. The hematite phase is only residual, after transformation due to heat treatment. (authors)

A comparative study on the magnetic and electrical properties of MFe12O19 (M=Ba and Sr)/BiFeO3 nanocomposites

Science.gov (United States)

Ahmed, M. A.; Mansour, S. F.; Ismael, H.

2015-03-01

M-type hexaferrite (MFe12O19), M=Ba or Sr nanoparticles with hexagonal crystal structure have been successfully synthesized by a citrate auto-combustion method. BiFeO3 (BFO) was prepared by the flash auto-combustion technique. Different nanocomposites were prepared according to the formula [(1-X) MFe12O19+XBiFeO3; M=Ba or Sr, X=0.3, 0.4, 0.5 and 0.6]. The structure and morphology of the obtained nanocomposites have been determined by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM). From the results, it is observed that the value of saturation magnetization decreases with increasing BFO content, which was mainly due to the contribution of the volume of the weak-magnetic BFO to the total sample volume.

Low temperature Mössbauer studies on magnetic nanocomposites

Indian Academy of Sciences (India)

Unknown

in the recording industry for achieving high density infor- mation storage and in the refrigeration industry ( ... by an ultra fine grain size (< 50 nm) have created a great deal of interest in recent years by virtue of their ... The reduction in size modifies the magnetic order in these materials. The magnetic nanocomposites can be ...

Polypyrrole-polyaniline/Fe{sub 3}O{sub 4} magnetic nanocomposite for the removal of Pb(II) from aqueous solution

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Afshar, Amirhossein; Sadjadi, Seyed Abolfazl Seyed; Mollahosseini, Afsaneh; Eskandarian, Mohammad Reza [Iran University of Science and Technology, Tehran (Iran, Islamic Republic of)

2016-02-15

Lead ion which is engaged in aqueous solution has been successfully removed. A novel technique was utilized for the separation and absorption of Pb(II) ions from aqueous solution. Magnetic Fe{sub 3}O{sub 4} coated with newly investigated polypyrrole-polyaniline nanocomposite was used for the removal of extremely noxious Pb(II). Characteristic of the prepared magnetic nanocomposite was done using X-ray diffraction pattern, Field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), Fourier transform-infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and energy dispersive x-ray spectroscopy (EDX). Up to 100% adsorption was found with 20mg/L Pb(II) aqueous solution in the range of pH=8-10. Adsorption results illustrated that Pb(II) removal efficiency by the nanocomposite increased with an enhance in pH. Adsorption kinetics was best expressed by the pseudo-second-order rate form. Isotherm data fitted well to the Freundlich isotherm model. Upon using HCl and HNO{sub 3}, 75% PPy-PAn/Fe{sub 3}O{sub 4} nanocomposite, desorption experiment showed that regenerated adsorbent can be reused successfully for two successive adsorption-desorption cycles without appreciable loss of its original capacity.

Synthesis and micro-structural characterization of graphene/strontium hexaferrite (SrFe{sub 12}O{sub 19}) nanocomposites

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Durmus, Zehra, E-mail: zdurmus@bezmialem.edu.tr [Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Bezmialem Vakif University, 34093, Fatih, Istanbul (Turkey); Kavas, Huseyin [Department of Engineering Physics, Istanbul Medeniyet University, 34700, Kadıköy, Istanbul (Turkey); Durmus, Ali [Department of Chemical Engineering, Istanbul University, 34320, Avcılar, Istanbul (Turkey); Aktaş, Bekir [Department of Physics, Gebze Technical University, 41400, Gebze, Kocaeli (Turkey)

2015-08-01

In this study, novel type carbon/ferrite nanocomposites were successfully prepared by decoration of graphene sheets with the magnetic strontium hexaferrite nanoparticles synthesized via the citrate sol–gel combustion method as microwave absorbing material. The microstructural features and physical properties of nanocomposites were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-Ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and atomic force microscopy (AFM) methods. Magnetic properties of the nanocomposites were determined by a vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM). It was found that the surface of the graphene nanosheets were successfully decorated with the strontium hexaferrite nanoparticles and the resulting layered nanocomposite structures exhibited sufficiently high magnetic saturation values compared to the agglomerated structure of strontium hexaferrite nanoparticles although the nanocomposites include less active magnetic component than the bulk hexaferrite. - Highlights: • Novel type, two-dimensional carbon-ferrite nanocomposites were prepared. • 2D graphene sheets were successfully decorated with the SrFe{sub 12}O{sub 19} nanoparticles. • Morphologies of nanocomposites were characterized with SEM, TEM and AFM methods. • Graphene/SrFe{sub 12}O{sub 19} nanocomposites exhibited sufficiently high M{sub s} values.

Dichlorobenzene: an effective solvent for epoxy/graphene nanocomposites preparation.

Science.gov (United States)

Wei, Jiacheng; Saharudin, Mohd Shahneel; Vo, Thuc; Inam, Fawad

2017-10-01

It is generally recognized that dimethylformamide (DMF) and ethanol are good media to uniformly disperse graphene, and therefore have been used widely in the preparation of epoxy/graphene nanocomposites. However, as a solvent to disperse graphene, dichlorobenzene (DCB) has not been fully realized by the polymer community. Owing to high values of the dispersion component ( δ d ) of the Hildebrand solubility parameter, DCB is considered as a suitable solvent for homogeneous graphene dispersion. Therefore, epoxy/graphene nanocomposites have been prepared for the first time with DCB as a dispersant; DMF and ethanol have been chosen as the reference. The colloidal stability, mechanical properties, thermogravimetric analysis, dynamic mechanical analysis and scanning electron microscopic images of nanocomposites have been obtained. The results show that with the use of DCB, the tensile strength of graphene has been improved from 64.46 to 69.32 MPa, and its flexural strength has been increased from 97.17 to 104.77 MPa. DCB is found to be more effective than DMF and ethanol for making stable and homogeneous graphene dispersion and composites.

Review on the progress in synthesis and application of magnetic carbon nanocomposites

Science.gov (United States)

Zhu, Maiyong; Diao, Guowang

2011-07-01

This review focuses on the synthesis and application of nanostructured composites containing magnetic nanostructures and carbon-based materials. Great progress in fabrication of magnetic carbon nanocomposites has been made by developing methods including filling process, template-based synthesis, chemical vapor deposition, hydrothermal/solvothermal method, pyrolysis procedure, sol-gel process, detonation induced reaction, self-assembly method, etc. The applications of magnetic carbon nanocomposites expanded to a wide range of fields such as environmental treatment, microwave absorption, magnetic recording media, electrochemical sensor, catalysis, separation/recognization of biomolecules and drug delivery are discussed. Finally, some future trends and perspectives in this research area are outlined.

Magnetic properties of co-modified Fe,N-TiO2 nanocomposites

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Zolnierkiewicz Grzegorz

2015-01-01

Full Text Available Iron and nitrogen co-modified titanium dioxide nanocomposites, nFe,N-TiO2 (where n = 1, 5 and 10 wt% of Fe, were investigated by detailed dc susceptibility and magnetization measurements. Different kinds of magnetic interactions were evidenced depending essentially on iron loading of TiO2. The coexistence of superparamagnetic, paramagnetic and ferromagnetic phases was identified at high temperatures. Strong antiferromagnetic interactions were observed below 50 K, where some part of the nanocomposite entered into a long range antiferromagnetic ordering. Antiferromagnetic interactions were attributed to the magnetic agglomerates of iron-based and trivalent iron ions in FeTiO3 phase,whereas ferromagnetic interactions stemmed from the F-center mediated bound magnetic polarons.

Magnetically Triggered Monodispersed Nanocomposite Fabricated by Microfluidic Approach for Drug Delivery

KAUST Repository

Yassine, Omar; Li, Erqiang; Alfadhel, Ahmed; Zaher, A.; Kavaldzhiev, Mincho; Thoroddsen, Sigurdur T; Kosel, Jü rgen

2016-01-01

Responsive microgel poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) or PNIPAM is a gel that can swell or shrink in response to external stimuli (temperature, pH, etc.). In this work, a nanocomposite gel is developed consisting of PNIPAM and magnetic iron oxide nanobeads for controlled release of liquids (like drugs) upon exposure to an alternating magnetic field. Microparticles of the nanocomposite are fabricated efficiently with a monodisperse size distribution and a diameter ranging from 20 to 500  µ m at a rate of up to 1 kHz using a simple and inexpensive microfluidic system. The nanocomposite is heated through magnetic losses, which is exploited for a remotely stimulated liquid release. The efficiency of the microparticles for controlled drug release applications is tested with a solution of Rhodamine B as a liquid drug model. In continuous and pulsatile mode, a release of 7% and 80% was achieved, respectively. Compared to external thermal actuation that heats the entire surrounding or embedded heaters that need complex fabrication steps, the magnetic actuation provides localized heating and is easy to implement with our microfluidic fabrication method.

Magnetically Triggered Monodispersed Nanocomposite Fabricated by Microfluidic Approach for Drug Delivery

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

O. Yassine

2016-01-01

Full Text Available Responsive microgel poly(N-isopropylacrylamide or PNIPAM is a gel that can swell or shrink in response to external stimuli (temperature, pH, etc.. In this work, a nanocomposite gel is developed consisting of PNIPAM and magnetic iron oxide nanobeads for controlled release of liquids (like drugs upon exposure to an alternating magnetic field. Microparticles of the nanocomposite are fabricated efficiently with a monodisperse size distribution and a diameter ranging from 20 to 500 µm at a rate of up to 1 kHz using a simple and inexpensive microfluidic system. The nanocomposite is heated through magnetic losses, which is exploited for a remotely stimulated liquid release. The efficiency of the microparticles for controlled drug release applications is tested with a solution of Rhodamine B as a liquid drug model. In continuous and pulsatile mode, a release of 7% and 80% was achieved, respectively. Compared to external thermal actuation that heats the entire surrounding or embedded heaters that need complex fabrication steps, the magnetic actuation provides localized heating and is easy to implement with our microfluidic fabrication method.

Magnetically Triggered Monodispersed Nanocomposite Fabricated by Microfluidic Approach for Drug Delivery

KAUST Repository

Yassine, Omar

2016-01-01

Responsive microgel poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) or PNIPAM is a gel that can swell or shrink in response to external stimuli (temperature, pH, etc.). In this work, a nanocomposite gel is developed consisting of PNIPAM and magnetic iron oxide nanobeads for controlled release of liquids (like drugs) upon exposure to an alternating magnetic field. Microparticles of the nanocomposite are fabricated efficiently with a monodisperse size distribution and a diameter ranging from 20 to 500  µ m at a rate of up to 1 kHz using a simple and inexpensive microfluidic system. The nanocomposite is heated through magnetic losses, which is exploited for a remotely stimulated liquid release. The efficiency of the microparticles for controlled drug release applications is tested with a solution of Rhodamine B as a liquid drug model. In continuous and pulsatile mode, a release of 7% and 80% was achieved, respectively. Compared to external thermal actuation that heats the entire surrounding or embedded heaters that need complex fabrication steps, the magnetic actuation provides localized heating and is easy to implement with our microfluidic fabrication method.

Investigation on magnetic properties of orientated nanocomposite Pr2Fe14B/α-Fe permanent magnets by micromagnetic finite-element method

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

He, Shu-li; Zhang, Hong-wei; Rong, Chuan-bing; Chen, Juan; Sun, Ji-rong; Shen, Bao-gen

2012-01-01

Demagnetization curves for nanocomposite Pr 2 Fe 14 B/α-Fe permanent magnets with different hard grain alignment are calculated by a micromagnetic finite-element method. The results show that both remanence and coercivity increase with improving hard grains alignment. The demagnetization curves show a single-phase demagnetization behavior for the samples with grain size d of 10 nm and two-phase behavior for the samples with d of 20 and 30 nm. H ex (reflecting the magnetic hardening of α-Fe) and H irr (expressing the irreversible reversal of hard phase) are both enhanced with improving the hard grain alignment. The magnetic reversal in orientated nanocomposite permanent magnets is mainly controlled by inhomogeneous pinning of the nucleated type. - Highlights: ► The magnetic properties of nanocomposite Pr 2 Fe 14 B/α-Fe permanent magnets with different hard grains alignment are investigated by micromagnetic finite-element method. ► The calculated results show that both remanence and coercivity increase with improving hard grains alignment. ► Highly ordered orientation of hard phase is the critical factor to improve the properties of nanocomposites.

Preparation and characterization of polyaniline-cadmium sulfide nanocomposite for gas sensor application

Science.gov (United States)

Al-Jawad, Selma M. H.; Rafic, Sewench N.; Muhsen, Mustafa M.

2017-09-01

Polyaniline (PANI) was prepared by chemical oxidative polymerization of aniline monomers as emeraldine salt form. By the same method, polyaniline-cadmium sulfide nanocomposites were synthesized in the presence of different percentages (10-50 wt.%) of cadmium sulfide (CdS) which was prepared by using sol-gel method. The optical band gap was decrease with increasing of CdS concentration, that is obtained from UV-VIS measurements. From SEM and AFM, there is uniform distribution for cadmium sulfide nanoparticles in the PANI matrix. The electrical measurements of nanocomposites exhibit the effect of crystallite size and the high resistivity of CdS on the resistivity of nanocomposites. Emeraldine salt PANI, CdS and PANI-CdS nanocomposites were investigated as gas sensors. From this investigation, the sensitivity of PANI-CdS for NO2 gas increase with the increasing of operation temperature and the optimum sensitivity was obtained at 200∘C. The sensitivity of nanocomposites at best temperature (200∘C) was increased and faster response time with the increasing of CdS contents.

Nanocomposites prepared from acrylonitrile butadiene rubber and organically modified montmorillonite with vinyl groups

Science.gov (United States)

Han, Mijeong; Kim, Hoonjung; Kim, Eunkyoung

2006-01-01

Nanocomposites were prepared from acrylonitrile-butadiene rubber (NBR), vinyl groups containing organically modified montmorillonite and additives, such as zinc oxide, stearic acid, and sulfur. The organically modified montmorillonites used in these nanocomposites were prepared by ion exchange reactions of N,N'-dimethylalkyl-(p-vinylbenzyl)-ammonium chlorides (DAVBAs, alkyl = octyl, dodecyl, and octadecyl) with sodium montmorillonite (Na+-MMT). NBR nanocomposites were obtained by controlling both the mixing and vulcanization conditions, by using a Brabender mixer and hot-press process. X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis shows that, depending on the amount of montmorillonite that is added, both exfoliated and intercalated nanocomposite structures are formed. The NBR/DAVBA-MMT nanocomposites exhibit much higher mechanical properties (e.g., tensile strength, Young's modulus, 300% modulus, and hardness) as well as gas barrier properties as compared to NBR Na+-MMT or NBR composites generated from modified montmorillonites without vinyl groups. Consistent with the results of XRD, transmission electron microscopy (TEM) reveals that the intercalation and exfoliation structures of the nanocomposites coexist and that the DAVBA-MMT layers are well dispersed in NBR.

Preparation and Various Characteristics of Epoxy/Alumina Nanocomposites

Science.gov (United States)

Kozako, Masahiro; Ohki, Yoshimichi; Kohtoh, Masanori; Okabe, Shigemitsu; Tanaka, Toshikatsu

Epoxy/ alumina nanocomposites were newly prepared by dispersing 3, 5, 7, and 10 weight (wt) % boehmite alumina nanofillers in a bisphenol-A epoxy resin using a special two-stage direct mixing method. It was confirmed by scanning electron microscopy imaging that the nanofillers were homogeneously dispersed in the epoxy matrix. Dielectric, mechanical, and thermal properties were investigated. It was elucidated that nanofillers affects various characteristics of epoxy resins, when they are nanostructrued. Such nano-effects we obtained are summarized as follows. Partial discharge resistance increases as the filler content increases; e.g. 7 wt% nanofiller content creates a 60 % decrease in depth of PD-caused erosion. Weibull analysis shows that short-time electrical treeing breakdown time is prolonged to 265 % by 5 wt% addition of nanofillers. But there was more data scatter in nanocomposites than in pure epoxy. Permittivity tends to increase from 3.7 to 4.0 by 5 wt% nanofiller addition as opposed to what was newly found in the recent past. Glass transition temperature remains unchanged as 109 °C. Mechanical properties such as flexural strength and flexural modulus increase; e.g. flexural strength and flexural modulus are improved by 5 % and 8 % with 5 wt% content, respectively. Excess addition causes a reverse effect. It is concluded from permittivity and glass transition temperature characteristics that interfacial bonding seems to be more or less weak in the nanocomposite specimens prepared this time, even though mechanical strengths increase. There is a possibility that the nanocomposites specimens will be improved in interfacial quality.

Nanoclay embedded mixed matrix PVDF nanocomposite membrane: Preparation, characterization and biofouling resistance

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Rajabi, Hamid; Ghaemi, Negin; Madaeni, Sayed S.; Daraei, Parisa; Khadivi, Mohammad Ali; Falsafi, Monir

2014-01-01

Highlights: • Nanocomposite membranes were prepared by addition of OMMT to PVDF membrane. • Addition of nanoclay considerably increased the hydrophilicity of PVDF membrane. • Nanocomposite membranes had higher water flux and antifouling properties. • Fouling of membranes blended with nanoclay (<4 wt.%) reduced. - Abstract: In this paper, nanocomposite PVDF/nanoclay membranes were prepared with addition of different concentrations of organically modified montmorillonite (OMMT) into the polymeric casting solution using combination of solution dispersion and phase inversion methods. Membranes were characterized by use of X-ray diffraction (XRD), water contact angle, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and atomic force microscopy (AFM), and their performances were evaluated in terms of pure water flux and fouling parameters. The surface hydrophilicity of all nanocomposites markedly improved compared to nascent PVDF. In addition, XRD patterns revealed the formation of intercalated layers of mineral clays in PVDF matrix. SEM and AFM images showed that addition of OMMT resulted in nanocomposite membranes with thinner skin layer and higher porosity rather than PVDF membranes. Pure water flux of PVDF/OMMT membranes increased significantly (particularly for fabricated membranes by 4 and 6 wt.% OMMT) compared to that of PVDF membrane. Moreover, nanocomposite membranes showed the elevated antifouling properties, and flux recovery of nascent PVDF membranes increased from 51 to 72% with addition of 2 wt.% OMMT nanoparticles. These nanocomposite membranes also offered a remarkable reusability and durability against biofouling

Nanoclay embedded mixed matrix PVDF nanocomposite membrane: Preparation, characterization and biofouling resistance

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Rajabi, Hamid [Membrane Research Centre, Department of Chemical Engineering, Razi University, Tagh Bostan, 67149 Kermanshah (Iran, Islamic Republic of); Department of Civil Engineering, Razi University, 67149 Kermanshah (Iran, Islamic Republic of); Ghaemi, Negin, E-mail: negin_ghaemi@kut.ac.ir [Department of Chemical Engineering, Kermanshah University of Technology, 67178 Kermanshah (Iran, Islamic Republic of); Madaeni, Sayed S. [Membrane Research Centre, Department of Chemical Engineering, Razi University, Tagh Bostan, 67149 Kermanshah (Iran, Islamic Republic of); Daraei, Parisa [Department of Chemical Engineering, Kermanshah University of Technology, 67178 Kermanshah (Iran, Islamic Republic of); Khadivi, Mohammad Ali [Friedrich-Alexander University, Erlangen-Nuremberg, Egerland Strasse 3, D-91058 Erlangen (Germany); Falsafi, Monir [Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Razi University, 67149 Kermanshah (Iran, Islamic Republic of)

2014-09-15

Highlights: • Nanocomposite membranes were prepared by addition of OMMT to PVDF membrane. • Addition of nanoclay considerably increased the hydrophilicity of PVDF membrane. • Nanocomposite membranes had higher water flux and antifouling properties. • Fouling of membranes blended with nanoclay (<4 wt.%) reduced. - Abstract: In this paper, nanocomposite PVDF/nanoclay membranes were prepared with addition of different concentrations of organically modified montmorillonite (OMMT) into the polymeric casting solution using combination of solution dispersion and phase inversion methods. Membranes were characterized by use of X-ray diffraction (XRD), water contact angle, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and atomic force microscopy (AFM), and their performances were evaluated in terms of pure water flux and fouling parameters. The surface hydrophilicity of all nanocomposites markedly improved compared to nascent PVDF. In addition, XRD patterns revealed the formation of intercalated layers of mineral clays in PVDF matrix. SEM and AFM images showed that addition of OMMT resulted in nanocomposite membranes with thinner skin layer and higher porosity rather than PVDF membranes. Pure water flux of PVDF/OMMT membranes increased significantly (particularly for fabricated membranes by 4 and 6 wt.% OMMT) compared to that of PVDF membrane. Moreover, nanocomposite membranes showed the elevated antifouling properties, and flux recovery of nascent PVDF membranes increased from 51 to 72% with addition of 2 wt.% OMMT nanoparticles. These nanocomposite membranes also offered a remarkable reusability and durability against biofouling.

Poly(o-phenylenediamine)/NiCoFe{sub 2}O{sub 4} nanocomposites: Synthesis, characterization, magnetic and dielectric properties

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Kannapiran, Nagarajan [PG and Research Department of Chemistry, Sri Ramakrishna Mission Vidyalaya College of Arts and Science, Coimbatore 641020, Tamil Nadu (India); Muthusamy, Athianna, E-mail: muthusrkv@gmail.com [PG and Research Department of Chemistry, Sri Ramakrishna Mission Vidyalaya College of Arts and Science, Coimbatore 641020, Tamil Nadu (India); Chitra, Palanisamy; Anand, Siddeswaran [PG and Research Department of Chemistry, Sri Ramakrishna Mission Vidyalaya College of Arts and Science, Coimbatore 641020, Tamil Nadu (India); Jayaprakash, Rajan [Nanotechnology Laboratory, Department of Physics, Sri Ramakrishna Mission Vidyalaya College of Arts and Science, Coimbatore 641020, Tamil Nadu (India)

2017-02-01

In this study, poly(o-phenylenediamine) (PoPD)/NiCoFe{sub 2}O{sub 4} nanocomposites were synthesized by in-situ oxidative chemical polymerization method with different amount of NiCoFe{sub 2}O{sub 4} nanoparticles. The NiCoFe{sub 2}O{sub 4} nanoparticles were prepared by auto-combustion method. The structural, morphological, thermal properties of the synthesized PoPD/NiCoFe{sub 2}O{sub 4} nanocomposites were characterized by fourier transform infrared spectrum (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). Magnetic properties of NiCoFe{sub 2}O{sub 4} nanoparticles and PoPD/NiCoFe{sub 2}O{sub 4} nanocomposites were studied by vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM). The FTIR and XRD techniques were used to confirm the formation of PoPD/NiCoFe{sub 2}O{sub 4} nanocomposites. The average crystalline size of NiCoFe{sub 2}O{sub 4} nanoparticles and PoPD/NiCoFe{sub 2}O{sub 4} nanocomposites were calculated from XRD. From the SEM analysis, spherical morphology of the PoPD was confirmed. The TGA results showed that the NiCoFe{sub 2}O{sub 4} nanoparticles have improved the thermal stability of PoPD. Dielectric properties of PoPD/NiCoFe{sub 2}O{sub 4} nanocomposites at different temperatures have been carried in the frequency range 50 Hz to 5 MHz. - Highlights: • Auto-combustion method was support to achieve less particle size. • Green synthesis of PoPD and nanocomposites by in-situ oxidative chemical polymerization method. • For the first time, PoPD incorporated with NiCoFe{sub 2}O{sub 4} nanoparticles. • Ferrite content affects the magnetic and dielectric properties of the nanocomposites.

Simple hydrothermal synthesis of metal oxides coupled nanocomposites: Structural, optical, magnetic and photocatalytic studies

Science.gov (United States)

Ganeshraja, Ayyakannu Sundaram; Clara, Antoni Samy; Rajkumar, Kanniah; Wang, Yanjie; Wang, Yu; Wang, Junhu; Anbalagan, Krishnamoorthy

2015-10-01

The present article is focused on recent developments toward the preparation of room temperature ferromagnetic nanocomposites using better photocatalytic performance. These nanocomposites were successfully prepared by a simple hydrothermal method and their molecular formulas were confirmed as Ti0.90Sn0.10O2 (S1), 0.2CuO-Ti0.73Sn0.06Cu0.21O2-δ (S2), and Ti0.82Sn0.09Fe0.09O2-δ (S3). The ICP, XRD, DRS, FTIR, Raman, XAFS, XPS, EPR, SEM-EDX, HRSEM, HRTEM, photoluminescence and vibrating sample magnetometric measurements were employed to characterize the phase structures, morphologies, optical and magnetic properties of the photocatalysts. The local structures of Sn4+ and Fe3+ were confirmed by 119Sn and 57Fe Mössbauer analysis. The photocatalytic activities of the samples were evaluated by the degradation of methyl orange in water under visible light irradiation. Among the samples, tin doped TiO2 (S1) showed the best photocatalytic performance and stability.

Yolk–shell Fe3O4@SiO2@PMO: amphiphilic magnetic nanocomposites as an adsorbent and a catalyst with high efficiency and recyclability

KAUST Repository

Dai, Jinyu; Zou, Houbing; Wang, Runwei; Wang, Yu; Shi, Zhiqiang; Qiu, Shilun

2017-01-01

This study describes the preparation of a multifunctional adsorptive catalyst by the incorporation of ligand groups within the channels of magnetic amphiphilic nanocomposites and attached with Pd nanoparticles. It was clearly demonstrated that Pd2

Fabrication of magnetic Fe@ZnO_0_._6S_0_._4 nanocomposite for visible-light-driven photocatalytic inactivation of Escherichia coli

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Peng, Ziling; Wu, Dan; Wang, Wei; Tan, Fatang; Ng, Tsz Wai; Chen, Jianguo; Qiao, Xueliang; Wong, Po Keung

2017-01-01

Highlights: • Fe@ZnO_0_._6S_0_._4 was prepared by a facile two-step precipitation method. • Fe@ZnO_0_._6S_0_._4 exhibited high photocatalytic activity under LED lamp irradiation. • Fe@ZnO_0_._6S_0_._4 possessed good stability and reusability for bacterial inactivation. • Fe@ZnO_0_._6S_0_._4 could be easily collected from the reaction solution by a magnet. • The release rate of metal ions from nanocomposite was kept at a very low level. - Abstract: Bacterial inactivation by magnetic photocatalysts has now received growing interests due to the easy separation for recycle and reuse of photocatalysts. In this study, magnetic Fe@ZnO_0_._6S_0_._4 photocatalyst was prepared by a facile two-step precipitation method. Multiple techniques such as X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscope (TEM), scanning electron microscope (SEM), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), UV–vis diffused reflectance spectra (UV-vis DRS) and vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM) were employed to characterize the structure, morphology and physicochemical properties of the photocatalyst. The as-obtained Fe@ZnO_0_._6S_0_._4 possessing magnetic property was easily collected from the reaction system by a magnet. Under white light-emitting-diode (LED) lamp irradiation, Fe@ZnO_0_._6S_0_._4 nanocomposite could completely inactivate 7-log of Escherichia coli K-12 within 5 h. More importantly, almost no decrease of photocatalytic efficiency in bacterial inactivation was observed even after five consecutive cycles, demonstrating Fe@ZnO_0_._6S_0_._4 exhibited good stability for reuse. The low released rate of Fe"2"+/Fe"3"+ and Zn"2"+ from Fe@ZnO_0_._6S_0_._4 composite further indicated the photocatalyst showed low cytotoxicity to bacterium and high stability under LED lamp irradiation. Facile preparation, high photocatalytic efficiency, good stability and reusability, and magnetic recovery property endow Fe@ZnO_0_._6S_0_._4 nanocomposite to be a promising photocatalytic material

Preparation of Nd-Fe-B/α-Fe nano-composite thick-film magnets on various substrates using PLD with high laser energy density above 10 J/cm2

Science.gov (United States)

Nakano, M.; Kondo, H.; Yamashita, A.; Yanai, T.; Itakura, M.; Fukunaga, H.

2018-05-01

PLD (Pulsed Laser Deposition) method with high laser energy density (LED) above 10 J/cm2 followed by a flash annealing enabled us to obtain isotropic nano-composite thick-film magnets with (BH)max ≧ 80 kJ/m3 on polycrystalline Ta substrates. We also have demonstrated that a dispersed structure composed of α-Fe together with Nd2Fe14B phases with the average grain diameter of approximately 20 nm could be formed on the Ta substrates. In this study, we tried to enhance the (BH)max value by controlling the microstructure due to the usage of different metal based substrates with each high melting point such as Ti, Nb, and W. Although it was difficult to vary the microstructure and to improve the magnetic properties of the films deposited on the substrates, we confirmed that isotropic thick-film magnets with (BH)max ≧ 80 kJ/m3 based on the nano-dispersed α-Fe and Nd2Fe14B phases could be obtained on various metal substrates with totally different polycrystalline structure. On the other hand, the use of a glass substrate lead to the deterioration of magnetic properties of a film prepared using the same preparation process.

Magnetic Nanocomposite Cilia Energy Harvester

KAUST Repository

Khan, Mohammed Asadullah

2016-02-11

An energy harvester capable of converting low frequency vibrations into electrical energy is presented. The operating principle, fabrication process and output characteristics at different frequencies are discussed. The harvester is realized by fabricating an array of polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) - iron nanowire nanocomposite cilia on a planar coil array. Each coil element consists of 14 turns and occupies an area of 600 μm x 600μm. The cilia are arranged in a 12x5 array and each cilium is 250 μm wide and 2 mm long. The magnetic characteristics of the fabricated cilia indicate that the nanowires are well aligned inside of the nanocomposite, increasing the efficiency of energy harvesting. The energy harvester occupies an area of 66.96 mm2 and produces an output r.m.s voltage of 206.47μV, when excited by a 40 Hz vibration of 1 mm amplitude.

A novel magnetic poly(aniline-naphthylamine)-based nanocomposite for micro solid phase extraction of rhodamine B

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Bagheri, Habib; Daliri, Rasoul; Roostaie, Ali

2013-01-01

Graphical abstract: -- Highlights: •A Fe 3 O 4 –aniline-naphthylamine nanocomposite was prepared via a simple route. •The magnetic nanocomposite was applied for isolation of RhB from water. •The nanocomposite applicability was compared with other pristine polymers. •The method was applied for the determination of RhB in different samples. -- Abstract: A novel Fe 3 O 4 –poly(aniline-naphthylamine)-based nanocomposite was synthesized by chemical oxidative polymerization process as a magnetic sorbent for micro solid phase extraction. The scanning electron microscopy images of the synthesized nanocomposite revealed that the copolymer posses a porous structure with diameters less than 50 nm. The extraction efficiency of this sorbent was examined by isolation of rhodamine B, a mutagenic and carcinogenic dye, from aquatic media in dispersion mode. Among different synthesized polymers, Fe 3 O 4 /poly(aniline-naphthylamine) nanocomposite showed a prominent efficiency. Parameters including the desorption solvent, amount of sorbent, desorption time, sample pH, ionic strength, extraction time and stirring rate were optimized. Under the optimum condition, a linear spiked calibration curve in the range of 0.35–5.00 μg L −1 with R 2 = 0.9991 was obtained. The limits of detection (3S b ) and limits of quantification (10S b ) of the method were 0.10 μg L −1 and 0.35 μg L −1 (n = 3), respectively. The relative standard deviation for water sample with 0.5 μg L −1 of RhB was 4.2% (n = 5) and the absolute recovery was 92%. The method was applied for the determination of rhodamine B in dishwashing foam, dishwashing liquid, shampoo, pencil, matches tips and eye shadows samples and the relative recovery percentage were in the range of 94–99%

Preparation of superhydrophobic poly(methyl methacrylate)-silicon dioxide nanocomposite films

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Wang Jinyan; Chen Xinhua; Kang Yingke; Yang Guangbin; Yu Laigui; Zhang Pingyu

2010-01-01

Superhydrophobic poly(methyl methacrylate)-SiO 2 (coded as PMMA-SiO 2 ) nanocomposite films with micro-nanohierarchical structure were prepared via a simple approach in the absence of low surface-energy compounds. By spin-coating the suspension of hydrophobic silica (SiO 2 ) nanoparticles dispersed in PMMA solution, target nanocomposite films were obtained on glass slides. The wetting behavior of PMMA-SiO 2 nanocomposite films was investigated in relation to the dosage of SiO 2 nanoparticles dispersed in PMMA solution. It was found that hydrophilic PMMA film was transferred to superhydrophobic PMMA-SiO 2 nanocomposite films when hydrophobic SiO 2 nanoparticles were introduced into the PMMA solution at a high enough dosage (0.2 g and above). Resultant PMMA-SiO 2 nanocomposite films had a static water contact angle of above 162 o , showing promising applications in selfcleaning and waterproof for outer wall of building, outer covering for automobile, sanitary wares, and so forth.

Yolk–shell Fe3O4@SiO2@PMO: amphiphilic magnetic nanocomposites as an adsorbent and a catalyst with high efficiency and recyclability

KAUST Repository

Dai, Jinyu

2017-01-20

This study describes the preparation of a multifunctional adsorptive catalyst by the incorporation of ligand groups within the channels of magnetic amphiphilic nanocomposites and attached with Pd nanoparticles. It was clearly demonstrated that Pd2+ was adsorbed by ligand-functionalized materials in water, and then Pd2+ was coordinated with ligand groups. Finally, the Pd nanoparticles were produced via an in situ reduction of Pd2+ by ligand groups through a simple hydrothermal process. Moreover, amphiphilic nanomaterials are viewed as excellent collectors of hydrophobic contaminants in water. The immobilized catalytic active sites with ligand-functionalized nanocomposites were allowed for maximal exposure to the reactants with minimal leaching of the Pd nanoparticles. The unique amphiphilic nanocomposites enabled selective oxidation of alcohols to proceed efficiently in water under aerobic conditions. Moreover, this nanocomposite catalyst could be completely recovered using an external magnet due to the superparamagnetic behavior of Fe3O4 and can be recycled with sustained selectivity and activity.

Small angle neutron scattering investigations of spin disorder in nanocomposite soft magnets

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Vecchini, C.; Moze, O.; Suzuki, K.; Cadogan, J.M.; Pranzas, K.; Michels, A.; Weissmueller, J.

2006-01-01

The technique of SANS (small angle neutron scattering) furnishes unique information on the characteristic magnetic length scales and local magnetic anisotropies at the nanoscale in nanocomposite ferromagnets. Such information is not presently available using any other microscopic technique. The basic principles and results of the technique will be presented with regard to a unique and unexpected observation of a dipole field controlled spin disorder in a prototypical soft nanocomposite ferromagnet of the Nanoperm type

One-dimensional magnetic nanocomposites with attapulgites as templates: Growth, formation mechanism and magnetic alignment

Science.gov (United States)

Fu, Meng; Li, Xiangming; Jiang, Rui; Zhang, Zepeng

2018-05-01

Magnetic nanocomposite composed of attapulgite and Fe3O4 was synthesized by a simple and facile co-precipitation method. Its structure and morphology was verified using X-ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy, scanning electron microscopy and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. Although the difficulty of forming uniform Fe3O4 on the attapulgite surface was discussed in detail in this study, one-dimensional magnetic nanorod with attapulgites as core and Fe3O4 as uniform shell was implemented for the first time using a cationic polymer surfactant, polyethylenimine. Polyethylenimine concentration, Fe3+/Fe2+ concentration and temperature were controlled to investigate the morphological evolutions of this nanocomposite. It was found that a uniform shell could be available with thickness tuning from 10 nm to 40 nm when Fe3+ concentration ranged from 0.01 mol/L to 0.03 mol/L meanwhile the polyethylenimine concentration was kept at 0.2 mg/mL and the temperature was kept at 60-80 °C. Finally, a possible mechanism for the formation of the Fe3O4 shell was suggested. The polyethylenimine on the surface of the attapulgites first adsorbed Fe3+/Fe2+ and then released under the action of alkali. It acted as a linker for the Fe3O4 nanoparticles nucleation in situ. The synthesized one-dimensional nanocomposites exhibit the superparamagnetism and fast response to an external magnetic field. The alignment of attapulgite-Fe3O4 one-dimensional nanocomposite along the external magnetic field was demonstrated. It provides promising candidates for building blocks and functional devices, which are low cost, non-toxic and eco-friendly, and opens the door for the application of attapulgite as one-dimensional nanomaterials.

Preparation of Modified Magnetic Nanocomposites Dithiooxamide/Fe3O4 for Preconcentration and Determination of Trace Amounts of Cobalt Ions in Food and Natural Water Samples

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Ali Mirabi

2016-09-01

Full Text Available The first study on the high efficiency of nanometer-sized magnetic nanoparticles (Fe3O4 coated with sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS and dithiooxamide as a new sorbent solid phase extraction has been reported. Modified magnetic nanicomposites was used to preconcentrate and separate Co (II ions in food and environmental water samples. Magnetic nanoparticles were prepared by chemical precipitation of Fe (II and Fe (III salts from aqueous solution by ammonia solution. These magnetic nanoparticles and nanocomposites were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM, transmission electron microscopy (TEM, thermo gravimetric analysis (TGA and elemental analysis CHNS. A micro sample introduction system was employed for the nebulization micro-volume of diluted solution into flame atomic absorption spectrometry (FAAS. The extraction conditions were optimized by selecting the appropriate extraction parameters including the amount of nanosorbent, pH value, volume of dithiooxamide and condition of eluting solution. The detection limit of this method for Co (II ions was 1.21 ng ml-1 and the R.S.D. was 0.9% (n=6. The advantages of this new method include rapidity, easy preparation of nanosorbents and a high preconcentration factor. The proposed method has been applied to the determination of Co (II ions at trace levels in real samples such as, kiwi, orange, cucumber, apple, green pepper, honey, potato, tap water, river water and sea water with satisfactory results.

Poly(o-phenylenediamine)/NiCoFe2O4 nanocomposites: Synthesis, characterization, magnetic and dielectric properties

Science.gov (United States)

Kannapiran, Nagarajan; Muthusamy, Athianna; Chitra, Palanisamy; Anand, Siddeswaran; Jayaprakash, Rajan

2017-02-01

In this study, poly(o-phenylenediamine) (PoPD)/NiCoFe2O4 nanocomposites were synthesized by in-situ oxidative chemical polymerization method with different amount of NiCoFe2O4 nanoparticles. The NiCoFe2O4 nanoparticles were prepared by auto-combustion method. The structural, morphological, thermal properties of the synthesized PoPD/NiCoFe2O4 nanocomposites were characterized by fourier transform infrared spectrum (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). Magnetic properties of NiCoFe2O4 nanoparticles and PoPD/NiCoFe2O4 nanocomposites were studied by vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM). The FTIR and XRD techniques were used to confirm the formation of PoPD/NiCoFe2O4 nanocomposites. The average crystalline size of NiCoFe2O4 nanoparticles and PoPD/NiCoFe2O4 nanocomposites were calculated from XRD. From the SEM analysis, spherical morphology of the PoPD was confirmed. The TGA results showed that the NiCoFe2O4 nanoparticles have improved the thermal stability of PoPD. Dielectric properties of PoPD/NiCoFe2O4 nanocomposites at different temperatures have been carried in the frequency range 50 Hz to 5 MHz.

Hydrothermal Synthesis of Fe3O4 Nanoparticles and Flame Resistance Magnetic Poly styrene Nanocomposite

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Kambiz Hedayati

2017-01-01

Full Text Available Fe3O4 nanostructures were synthesized via a facile hydrothermal reaction. The effect of various surfactants such as cationic and anionic on the morphology of the product was investigated. Magnetic nanoparticles were added to poly styrene for preparation of magnetic nanocomposite. Nanostructures were then characterized using X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. The magnetic properties of the samples were also investigated using vibrating sample magnetometer. The magnesium ferrite nanoparticles exhibit super paramagnetic behaviour at room temperature, with a saturation magnetization of 66 emu/g and a coercivity less than 5 Oe. Distribution of the magnetic nanoparticles into poly styrene matrix increases the coercivity. Nanoparticles appropriately enhanced flame retardant property of the PS matrix. Nanoparticles act as barriers which decrease thermal transport and volatilization during decomposition of the polymer.

Biofunctionalized ferromagnetic CoPt{sub 3}/polymer nanocomposites

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Martins, M A [Department of Chemistry, CICECO, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro (Portugal); Neves, M C [Department of Chemistry, CICECO, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro (Portugal); Esteves, A C C [Department of Chemistry, CICECO, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro (Portugal); Girginova, P I [Department of Chemistry, CICECO, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro (Portugal); Guiomar, A J [Department of Biochemistry and CNC, University of Coimbra, 3001-401 Coimbra (Portugal); Amaral, V S [Department of Physics, CICECO, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro (Portugal); Trindade, T [Department of Chemistry, CICECO, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro (Portugal)

2007-05-30

Magnetic latexes were prepared by the encapsulation of organically capped CoPt{sub 3} nanoparticles via miniemulsion in situ radical polymerization of tert-butyl acrylate (tBA). This is the first example of a CoPt{sub 3} based polymer nanocomposite showing ferromagnetic behaviour at room temperature. Each nanocomposite particle contains a magnetic core composed of CoPt{sub 3} nanoparticles (d{approx}7 nm, a{sub 0} = 3.848 A) encapsulated by poly(t-butyl acrylate). The CoPt{sub 3}/PtBA latexes contain polyester groups that can be readily hydrolysed, rendering the surface with carboxylic functionalities and hence allowing bioconjugation. Complementary to such surface modification experiments, we report that bovine IgG antibodies can bind to the magnetic latexes, and the potential of the nanocomposites for in vitro specific bioapplications is discussed.

Atom probe study on the bulk nanocomposite SmCo/Fe permanent magnet produced by ball-milling and warm compaction

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Xiong, X.Y., E-mail: xiangyuan.xiong@mcem.monash.edu.au [Monash Centre for Electron Microscopy, Monash University, Vic. 3800 (Australia); Department of Materials Engineering, Monash University, Vic. 3800 (Australia); Rong, C.B. [Department of Physics, University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, TX 76019 (United States); Rubanov, S. [Electron Microscopy Unit, Bio21 Institute, University of Melbourne, Vic. 3052 (Australia); Zhang, Y. [Division of Materials Science and Engineering, Ames Laboratory, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011 (United States); Liu, J.P. [Department of Physics, University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, TX 76019 (United States)

2011-11-15

The microstructure and compositions of the bulk nanocomposite SmCo/Fe permanent magnet were studied using transmission electron microscopy and 3-dimensional atom probe techniques. The excellent magnetic properties were related to the uniform nanocomposite structure with nanometer {alpha}-Fe particles uniformly distributed in the SmCo phase matrix. The {alpha}-Fe phase contained {approx}26 at% Co, and the SmCo phase contained {approx}19 at% Fe, confirming that the interdiffusion of Fe and Co atoms between the two phases occurred. The formation of the {alpha}-Fe(Co) phase explained why the saturation magnetization of the nanocomposite permanent magnet was higher than that expected from the original pure {alpha}-Fe and SmCo{sub 5} powders, which enhanced further the maximum energy product of the nanocomposite permanent magnet. - Highlights: > A uniform nanocomposite SmCo/{alpha}-Fe permanent magnet with high performance obtained. > The first quantitative analyses of interdiffusion of Fe and Co between the two phases presented. > The saturation magnetization of the nanocomposite enhanced by the resulting {alpha}-Fe(Co) phase.

Preparation and characterization of nanocomposites of the carboxymethyl cellulose reinforced with cellulose nanocrystals

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Flauzino Neto, Wilson P.; Silverio, Hudson A.; Vieira, Julia G.; Silva, Heden C.; Rosa, Joyce R.; Pasquini, Daniel; Assuncao, Rosana M.N.

2011-01-01

Nanocrystals of cellulose (NCC) isolated from Eucalyptus urograndis Kraft pulp were used to prepare nanocomposites employing carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) as matrix. The nanocrystals were isolated by hydrolysis with H 2 SO 4 64% solution, for 20 minutes at 45 deg C. The nanocrystals were characterized by X-ray diffraction to evaluate the crystallinity of them. The amount of NCC used in the preparation of nanocomposites varied from 0 to 15%. The nanocomposites were characterized by thermal and mechanical analysis. A large reinforcing effect of NCC on the CMC matrix was observed. With the incorporation of the NCC, the tensile strength of nanocomposites was significantly improved by 107%, the elongation at break decreased by 48% and heat resistance to decomposition increased subtle. The improvement in thermo-mechanical properties are attributed to strong interactions between nanoparticles and CMC matrix. (author)

The Preparation of Graphene Reinforced Poly(vinyl alcohol Antibacterial Nanocomposite Thin Film

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Yuan-Cheng Cao

2015-01-01

Full Text Available Methylated melamine grafted polyvinyl benzylchloride (mm-g-PvBCl was prepared which was used as additive in poly(vinyl alcohol (PVA and graphene nanosheets (GNs were used to reinforce the mechanical strength. Using casting method, antimicrobial nanocomposite films were prepared with the polymeric biocide loading lever of 1 wt%, 5 wt%, and 10 wt%. Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA characterization revealed the 2.0 wt% of graphene content in resultant nanocomposites films. XRD showed that the resultant GNs 2 theta was changed from 16.6 degree to 23.3 degree. Using Japanese Industry Standard test methods, the antimicrobial efficiency for the loading lever of 1 wt%, 5 wt%, and 10 wt% was 92.0%, 95.8%, and 97.1%, respectively, against gram negative bacteria E. coli and 92.3%, 99.6%, and 99.7%, respectively, against the gram positive S. aureus. These results indicate the prepared nanocomposite films are the promising materials for the food and drink package applications.

Investigation of properties of polyethylene/clay nanocomposites prepared by new in situ Ziegler-Natta catalyst

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Nikkhah, S. Javan; Ramazani, S.A.; Baniasadi, H.; Tavakolzadeh, F.

2009-01-01

This paper is devoted to investigation of morphological and physical-mechanical properties of polyethylene (PE)/clay nanocomposites prepared via in situ polymerization method using bi-supported Ziegler-Natta catalyst. Bentonite type clay and MgCl 2 (ethoxide type) were used as the support of TiCl 4 . Catalyst support and polymerization process have been done in slurry phase using Triisobutylaluminum as the co-catalyst. The microstructure of the nanocomposites was examined by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). XRD and TEM indicated that almost fully exfoliated PE/clay nanocomposites were produced successfully using this method. According to permeability measurements, it was found that oxygen permeability values of the nanocomposite samples prepared with in situ polymerization method were dropped more than 200% introducing only 1 wt% clay to polymeric matrix. Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) results indicated that the crystallization temperatures of samples are significantly higher than that of virgin PE. Moderate thermal stability enhancement of in situ polymerized nanocomposites was confirmed using thermogravimetric analysis (TGA).The storage modulus, Young's modulus and tensile strength of prepared samples were increased where the toughness was declined slightly. It seems that good dispersion and exfoliation of clay during polymerization should be responsible to get more effective reinforcing properties for clay in this method comparing to melt blending method for preparation of polyethylene nanocomposites.

Highly dispersed Co0.5Zn0.5Fe2O4/polypyrrole nanocomposites for cost-effective, high-performance defluoridation using a magnetically controllable microdevice

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Wang, Gang; Shi, Guoying; Mu, Qinghui; Zhang, Qinghong; Wang, Hongzhi; Li, Yaogang

2012-01-01

Highlights: ► Highly dispersed CZFO/PPy nanocomposites are synthesized in microfluidic reactor. ► The as-synthesized nanocomposites behave as a high performance adsorbent. ► The magnetic microdevice has advantages over traditional methods for defluoridation. - Abstract: Highly dispersed Co 0.5 Zn 0.5 Fe 2 O 4 /polypyrrole (CZFO/PPy) nanocomposites with enhanced electromagnetic properties and large surface area were rapidly and controllably prepared using microfluidic reactors. A novel magnetically controllable microdevice using the new adsorbent in a highly dispersed form was assembled and used for fluoride adsorption. Compared with traditional adsorption methods, the device displayed high adsorption efficiency and capacity. The adsorbents were regenerated with no significant loss in defluoridation ability, which indicates that the device is a realistic and highly efficient alternative way of removing fluoride pollution at low cost.

Preparation and characterization of carbon/nickel oxide nanocomposite coatings for solar absorber applications

CSIR Research Space (South Africa)

Roro, Kittessa T

2012-04-01

Full Text Available Nanocomposite materials have wide range of applications in solar energy conversion. In this work, C/NiO nanocomposite solar energy absorbing surfaces were prepared using sol-gel synthesis and deposited on aluminium substrates using a spin coater...

Preparation of superhydrophobic poly(methyl methacrylate)-silicon dioxide nanocomposite films

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Wang Jinyan [Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Special Functional Materials, Henan University, Jinming Road, Kaifeng, Henan Province 475004 (China); Chen Xinhua [Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Special Functional Materials, Henan University, Jinming Road, Kaifeng, Henan Province 475004 (China); College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xuchang University, Xuchang 461000 (China); Kang Yingke; Yang Guangbin; Yu Laigui [Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Special Functional Materials, Henan University, Jinming Road, Kaifeng, Henan Province 475004 (China); Zhang Pingyu, E-mail: pingyu@henu.edu.cn [Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Special Functional Materials, Henan University, Jinming Road, Kaifeng, Henan Province 475004 (China)

2010-12-15

Superhydrophobic poly(methyl methacrylate)-SiO{sub 2} (coded as PMMA-SiO{sub 2}) nanocomposite films with micro-nanohierarchical structure were prepared via a simple approach in the absence of low surface-energy compounds. By spin-coating the suspension of hydrophobic silica (SiO{sub 2}) nanoparticles dispersed in PMMA solution, target nanocomposite films were obtained on glass slides. The wetting behavior of PMMA-SiO{sub 2} nanocomposite films was investigated in relation to the dosage of SiO{sub 2} nanoparticles dispersed in PMMA solution. It was found that hydrophilic PMMA film was transferred to superhydrophobic PMMA-SiO{sub 2} nanocomposite films when hydrophobic SiO{sub 2} nanoparticles were introduced into the PMMA solution at a high enough dosage (0.2 g and above). Resultant PMMA-SiO{sub 2} nanocomposite films had a static water contact angle of above 162{sup o}, showing promising applications in selfcleaning and waterproof for outer wall of building, outer covering for automobile, sanitary wares, and so forth.

Microstructure and Magnetic Properties of Highly Ordered SBA-15 Nanocomposites Modified with Fe2O3 and Co3O4 Nanoparticles

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

P. F. Wang

2012-01-01

Full Text Available Owing to the unique order mesopores, mesoporous SBA-15 could be used as the carrier of the magnetic nanoparticles. The magnetic nanoparticles in the frame and the mesopores lead to the exchange-coupling interaction or other interactions, which could improve the magnetic properties of SBA-15 nanocomposites. Mesoporous Fe/SBA-15 had been prepared via in situ anchoring Fe2O3 into the frame and the micropores of SBA-15 using the sol-gel and hydrothermal processes. Co3O4 nanoparticles had been impregnated into the mesopores of Fe/SBA-15 to form mesoporous Fe/SBA-15-Co3O4 nanocomposites. XRD, HRTEM, VSM, and N2 physisorption isotherms were used to characterize the mesostructure and magnetic properties of the SBA-15 nanocomposites, and all results indicated that the Fe2O3 nanoparticles presented into the frame and micropores, while the Co3O4 nanoparticles existed inside the mesopores of Fe/SBA-15. Furthermore, the magnetic properties of SBA-15 could be conveniently adjusted by the Fe2O3 and Co3O4 magnetic nanoparticles. Fe/SBA-15 exhibited ferromagnetic properties, while the impregnation of Co3O4 nanoparticles greatly improved the coercivity with a value of 1424.6 Oe, which was much higher than that of Fe/SBA-15.

Enhancing Mechanical and Thermal Properties of Epoxy Nanocomposites via Alignment of Magnetized SiC Whiskers.

Science.gov (United States)

Townsend, James; Burtovyy, Ruslan; Aprelev, Pavel; Kornev, Konstantin G; Luzinov, Igor

2017-07-12

This research is focused on the fabrication and properties of epoxy nanocomposites containing magnetized SiC whiskers (MSiCWs). To this end, we report an original strategy for fabrication of magnetically active SiCWs by decorating the whiskers with magnetic (iron oxide) nanoparticles via polymer-polymer (poly(acrylic acid)/poly(2-vinyl pyridine)) complexation. The obtained whiskers demonstrated a substantial magnetic response in the polymerizing epoxy resin, with application of only a 20 mT (200 G) magnetic field. We also found that the whiskers chemically reacted with the epoxy resin, causing formation of an extended interphase near the boundary of the whiskers. The SiC whiskers oriented with the magnetic field demonstrated positive effects on the behavior of epoxy-based nanocomposites. Namely, the aligned MSiCWs enhanced the thermomechanical properties of the materials significantly above that of the neat epoxy and epoxy nanocomposite, with randomly oriented whiskers.

Preparation and Characterization of Hybrid Nanocomposite of Polyacrylamide/Silica-Nanoparticles

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Ahmad Rabiee

2013-01-01

Full Text Available Polyacrylamides are water soluble macromolecules. These polymers are widely used for flocculation, separation and treatment of solid-liquid phase materials. In this research, organic-inorganic hybrid of polyacrylamide/silica nanoparticle is prepared via radical polymerization. First, the silica nanoparticle surfaces were modified by 3-methacryloxypropyltrimethoxysilane as coupling agent using a sol-gel technique in aqueous media in acidic condition. Afterwards, the modified nanoparticles are copolymerized by acrylamide monomer in presence of a peroxide initiator during a free radical polymerization. The chemical structure of the prepared modified nano-silica as well as polyacrylamide nanocomposite was studied and confirmed by FTIR spectroscopy technique. The morphology of nanocomposite was investigated by scanning electron microscopy. The SEM micrograph showed that the surface of the composite did not display any phase separation. Nanoparticles distribution was investigated by SEM-EDX technique. The results showed a uniform distribution of particles throughout the polymer bulk. TEM analysis showed the presence of silica nanoparticles in bulk of polymer which is an indicative of suitable dispersion of nanoparticles. The thermal stability of hybrid nanocomosite with that of polyacrylamide was compared by TGA technique. The higher thermal stability of hybrid nanocomposite with respect to homopolymer is indicative of a reaction between the modified nanoparticles and polyacrylamide chain. The presence of silica particles in copolymer was also confirmed with EDX analysis in ash content of hybrid nanocomposite.

Preparation of Polypropylene/Montmorillonite Nanocomposites Using Ionizing Radiation

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Güven, Olgun; Zengin, Fatma

2011-01-01

Polymer/clay nanocomposites are new generation materials that bring significant changes in mechanical, thermal and permeation properties of base polymers by low clay loading. In this study, polypropylene/montmorillonite nanocomposites were prepared by melt intercalation method by using batch type mixer. Two polypropylene samples with different melt flow indexes are used as the matrix, maleic anhydride grafted polypropylene (PP-g-MAH), and polypropylene granules oxidized by radiation/ozone are used as compatibilizer and unmodified clay (Na + montmorillonite, MMT) as the filler. Aim of this study is to examine the effect of different compatibilizers in the mechanical properties of polypropylene composite. Firstly, PP/clay samples were prepared and the effect of clay was examined, then 5, 10, 20kGy oxidized/degraded polypropylenes were used as compatibilizer and, 10 kGy was determined to be the most suitable irradiation dose for the best compatibilizing effect. Polypropylene granules were ozonated until they contained carbonyl groups equivalent to 10kGy oxidized PP, which was checked by FTIR-ATR spectroscopy. UV-visible reflectance measurements were also made on film samples and no significant changes were observed in visible region. Nano structures of some nanocomposites were characterized by PALS (Positron Annihilation Lifetime Spectroscopy) where it was observed that the addition of clay decreased the number of free volume holes and free volume hole radia. The dispersion state of MMT within polymer matrix was analyzed by XRD (X-ray diffraction). Tensile tests were made and the effect of the addition of clay and compatibilizers investigated. At low melt flow index PP, 1% MMT of PP/10kGyPP/MMT nanocomposite showed an increase in E-modulus 26% and in tensile strength 8% as compared to those of pristine PP. In conclusion radiation degraded (chain scissioned and oxidized) PP has been found to show very good compatibilizing effect for the natural montmorillonite

Preparation of Polypropylene/Montmorillonite Nanocomposites Using Ionizing Radiation

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Güven, Olgun; Zengin, Fatma

2011-07-01

Polymer/clay nanocomposites are new generation materials that bring significant changes in mechanical, thermal and permeation properties of base polymers by low clay loading. In this study, polypropylene/montmorillonite nanocomposites were prepared by melt intercalation method by using batch type mixer. Two polypropylene samples with different melt flow indexes are used as the matrix, maleic anhydride grafted polypropylene (PP-g-MAH), and polypropylene granules oxidized by radiation/ozone are used as compatibilizer and unmodified clay (Na{sup +} montmorillonite, MMT) as the filler. Aim of this study is to examine the effect of different compatibilizers in the mechanical properties of polypropylene composite. Firstly, PP/clay samples were prepared and the effect of clay was examined, then 5, 10, 20kGy oxidized/degraded polypropylenes were used as compatibilizer and, 10 kGy was determined to be the most suitable irradiation dose for the best compatibilizing effect. Polypropylene granules were ozonated until they contained carbonyl groups equivalent to 10kGy oxidized PP, which was checked by FTIR-ATR spectroscopy. UV-visible reflectance measurements were also made on film samples and no significant changes were observed in visible region. Nano structures of some nanocomposites were characterized by PALS (Positron Annihilation Lifetime Spectroscopy) where it was observed that the addition of clay decreased the number of free volume holes and free volume hole radia. The dispersion state of MMT within polymer matrix was analyzed by XRD (X-ray diffraction). Tensile tests were made and the effect of the addition of clay and compatibilizers investigated. At low melt flow index PP, 1% MMT of PP/10kGyPP/MMT nanocomposite showed an increase in E-modulus 26% and in tensile strength 8% as compared to those of pristine PP. In conclusion radiation degraded (chain scissioned and oxidized) PP has been found to show very good compatibilizing effect for the natural montmorillonite

Implantable magnetic nanocomposites for the localized treatment of breast cancer

Science.gov (United States)

Kan-Dapaah, Kwabena; Rahbar, Nima; Soboyejo, Wole

2014-12-01

This paper explores the potential of implantable magnetic nanocomposites for the localized treatment of breast cancer via hyperthermia. Magnetite (Fe3O4)-reinforced polydimethylsiloxane composites were fabricated and characterized to determine their structural, magnetic, and thermal properties. The thermal properties and degree of optimization were shown to be strongly dependent on material properties of magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs). The in-vivo temperature profiles and thermal doses were investigated by the use of a 3D finite element method (FEM) model to simulate the heating of breast tissue. Heat generation was calculated using the linear response theory model. The 3D FEM model was used to investigate the effects of MNP volume fraction, nanocomposite geometry, and treatment parameters on thermal profiles. The implications of the results were then discussed for the development of implantable devices for the localized treatment of breast cancer.

Preparation of lysine-decorated polymer-brush-grafted magnetic nanocomposite for the efficient and selective adsorption of organic dye

Science.gov (United States)

Jing, Shiyao; Wang, Xin; Tan, Yebang

2018-05-01

A novel magnetic nanocomposite (Lys-PGMA@Fe3O4) containing amphoteric polymer brushes was synthesized by combining surface-initiated atom-transfer radical polymerization and lysine modification. The chemical structure of Lys-PGMA@Fe3O4 was confirmed by multiple methods, such as FT-IR, TGA, elemental analysis. The core-brush morphology was clearly observed by transmission electron microscopy. Lys-PGMA@Fe3O4 was then used to selectively and efficiently adsorb hazardous dyes. Adsorption results showed that Lys-PGMA@Fe3O4 had considerable adsorption capacity (0.54 and 0.85 mmol·g-1 for LY and MEB, respectively) and rapid adsorption rate (within 10 min), which can be attributed to the nanosize and abundant adsorptive polymer brushes. The selective adsorption of a mixture of lemon yellow (pH = 4.0) and methylene blue (pH = 10.0) was achieved through the amphoteric polymer brushes. Similar to traditional adsorbent materials, Lys-PGMA@Fe3O4 also showed easy magnet-assisted separation property. Lys-PGMA@Fe3O4 adsorbent can also be regenerated to reduce application cost. Overall, results demonstrated that Lys-PGMA@Fe3O4 nanocomposite was an excellent adsorbent material for removing dye pollutants from wastewater.

Flexible high-loading particle-reinforced polyurethane magnetic nanocomposite fabrication through particle-surface-initiated polymerization

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Guo Zhanhu; Park, Sung; Wei Suying; Pereira, Tony; Moldovan, Monica; Karki, Amar B; Young, David P; Hahn, H Thomas

2007-01-01

Flexible high-loading nanoparticle-reinforced polyurethane magnetic nanocomposites fabricated by the surface-initiated polymerization (SIP) method are reported. Extensive field emission scanning electron microscopic (SEM) and atomic force microscopic (AFM) observations revealed a uniform particle distribution within the polymer matrix. X-ray photoelectron spectrometry (XPS) and differential thermal analysis (DTA) revealed a strong chemical bonding between the nanoparticles and the polymer matrix. The elongation of the SIP nanocomposite under tensile test was about four times greater than that of the composite fabricated by a conventional direct mixing fabrication method. The nanocomposite shows particle-loading-dependent magnetic properties, with an increase of coercive force after the magnetic nanoparticles were embedded into the polymer matrix, arising from the increased interparticle distance and the introduced polymer-particle interactions

A study of preparation techniques and properties of bulk nanocomposites based on aqueous albumin dispersion

Science.gov (United States)

Gerasimenko, A. Yu.; Dedkova, A. A.; Ichkitidze, L. P.; Podgaetskii, V. M.; Selishchev, S. V.

2013-08-01

Bulk nanocomposites prepared from an aqueous albumin dispersion with carbon nanotubes by removing the liquid component from the dispersion have been investigated. The composites were obtained by thermostating and exposure to LED and IR diode laser radiation. The nanocomposites obtained under laser irradiation retain their shape and properties for several years, in contrast to the composites fabricated in different ways (which decompose into small fragments immediately after preparation). The low density of the composites under study (˜1200 kg/m3), which is close to the density of water, is due to their high porosity. The hardness of stable nanocomposites (˜300 MPa) was found to be at the same level as the hardness of polymethylmethacrylate, aluminum, and iron and close to the hardness of human bone tissue. The cluster quasiordering of the inner structure of nanocomposites revealed by atomic force microscopy indicates the possibility of forming a bulk nanotube framework in them, which can be caused by the effect of the electric field of laser radiation and ensure their stability and hardness. The presence of a framework in nanocomposites provides conditions for self-assembly of biological tissues and makes it possible to apply laser-prepared nanocomposites as a component of surgical implants.

Magnetic and electrical properties of oxygen stabilized nickel nanofibers prepared by the borohydride reduction method

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Srinivas, V. [Department of Physics and Meteorology, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur West Bengal 721 302 India (India)], E-mail: veeturi@phy.iitkgp.ernet.in; Barik, S K; Bodo, Bhaskarjyoti [Department of Physics and Meteorology, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur West Bengal 721 302 India (India); Karmakar, Debjani; Chandrasekhar Rao, T V [Technical Physics and Prototype Engineering Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Bombay 400085 India (India)

2008-03-15

Fine nickel fibers have been synthesized by chemical reduction of nickel ions in aqueous medium with sodium borohydride. The thermal stability and relevant properties of these fibers, as-prepared as well as air-annealed, have been investigated by structural, magnetic and electrical measurements. As-prepared samples appear to have a novel crystal structure due to the presence of interstitial oxygen. Upon annealing in air, the fcc-Ni phase emerges out initially and develops into a nanocomposite subsequently by retaining its fiber-like structure in nano phase. The as-prepared sample is observed to be weakly magnetic at room temperature, but attains surprisingly high magnetization values at low temperatures. This is attributed to the modified spin structure, presumably due to the presence of interstitial oxygen in the lattice. Development of a weakly ferromagnetic and electrically conducting phase upon annealing in air is attributed to the formation of the fcc-Ni phase. The structural phase transformations corroborate well with magnetic and electrical measurements.

Magnetic and electrical properties of oxygen stabilized nickel nanofibers prepared by the borohydride reduction method

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Srinivas, V.; Barik, S.K.; Bodo, Bhaskarjyoti; Karmakar, Debjani; Chandrasekhar Rao, T.V.

2008-01-01

Fine nickel fibers have been synthesized by chemical reduction of nickel ions in aqueous medium with sodium borohydride. The thermal stability and relevant properties of these fibers, as-prepared as well as air-annealed, have been investigated by structural, magnetic and electrical measurements. As-prepared samples appear to have a novel crystal structure due to the presence of interstitial oxygen. Upon annealing in air, the fcc-Ni phase emerges out initially and develops into a nanocomposite subsequently by retaining its fiber-like structure in nano phase. The as-prepared sample is observed to be weakly magnetic at room temperature, but attains surprisingly high magnetization values at low temperatures. This is attributed to the modified spin structure, presumably due to the presence of interstitial oxygen in the lattice. Development of a weakly ferromagnetic and electrically conducting phase upon annealing in air is attributed to the formation of the fcc-Ni phase. The structural phase transformations corroborate well with magnetic and electrical measurements

Preparation and electromagnetic wave absorption of RGO/Cu nanocomposite

Science.gov (United States)

Zhang, Hui; Tian, Xingyou; Zhang, Xian; Li, Shikuo; Shen, Yuhua; Xie, Anjian

2017-09-01

We use a facile pyrolysis method to prepare reduced graphene oxide and copper nanocomposite (RGO/Cu) based on it. The product shows an outstanding wave absorption properties. The maximum reflection loss is up to-50.7 dB at 3.8 GHz. The reflection loss of-10 dB (90% power absorption) corresponds to a bandwidth of 11.2 GHz (3.4-14.6 GHz range) for the layer thickness of 2-5 mm. Therefore, it is suggested that the RGO/Cu nanocomposite is also a new kind of lightweight and high-performance EM wave absorbing material.

Effect of niobium on microstructure and magnetic properties of bulk anisotropic NdFeB/{alpha}-Fe nanocomposites

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Li Jun [School of Materials Science and Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065 (China); Liu Ying, E-mail: Liuying5536@163.com [School of Materials Science and Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065 (China) and Key Laboratory of Advanced Special Material and Technology, Ministry of Education, Chengdu 610065 (China); Ma Yilong [School of Materials Science and Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065 (China)

2012-07-15

Bulk anisotropic NdFeB/{alpha}-Fe nano-composites were obtained directly from alloys of Nd{sub 11}Dy{sub 0.5}Fe{sub 82.4-x}Nb{sub x}B{sub 6.1} (x=0,0.5,1.0,1.5). High resolution transmission electron microscopy images showed the existence of Nb-rich amorphous grain boundary phase in the alloys with Nb doped. Field emission scanning electron microscope morphologies and X-ray diffraction patterns revealed the grain size and grain alignment of hot pressed and hot deformed nanocomposites. It was found that Nb could refine the grain size and grain texture in hot worked ribbons. Vibrating sample magnetometer results showed that the magnetic properties of the anisotropic nanocomposites were improved with increased Nb doping. The remanence, coercivity and maximum energy product of the bulk anisotropic Nd{sub 11}Dy{sub 0.5}Fe{sub 80.4}Nb{sub 2}B{sub 6.1} nanocomposites were 1.04 T, 563 kA/m and 146 kJ/m{sup 3}, respectively. - Highlights: Black-Right-Pointing-Pointer Nb has great influence on the microstructure and magnetic properties of (NdDy){sub 11.5}Fe{sub 82.4-x}Nb{sub x}B{sub 6.1} (x=0-2.0) nanocomposites. Black-Right-Pointing-Pointer Most of Nb atoms gather in the grain boundary to form Nb-rich amorphous intergranular phase, not NbFeB boride. Black-Right-Pointing-Pointer Furthermore, grain alignment can be prompt by the Nb-rich solid intergranular phase during deform. Black-Right-Pointing-Pointer Remanence, coercivity and (BH){sub m} of deformed (NdDy){sub 11.5}Fe{sub 80.4}Nb{sub 2}B{sub 6.1} nanocomposite is 1.04T, 563 kA/m and 146 kJ/m{sup 3} respectively. Black-Right-Pointing-Pointer This study provides an alternative method for prepare anisotropic nanocomposite direct from Nd-lean alloys with low cost.

Synthesis and sonocatalytic performance of a ternary magnetic MIL-101(Cr)/RGO/ZnFe2O4 nanocomposite for degradation of dye pollutants.

Science.gov (United States)

Nirumand, Ladan; Farhadi, Saeed; Zabardasti, Abedin; Khataee, Alireza

2018-04-01

In this study, new ternary magnetic MIL-101(Cr)/RGO/ZnFe 2 O 4 catalyst (with 30% wt of ZnFe 2 O 4 ) was synthesized via a hydrothermal route for sonodegradation of organic dyes. The structural, optical and magnetic properties of the nanocomposite were detected by means of X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), UV-visible spectroscopy (UV-visible), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) spectroscopy, vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM), atomic force microscopy (AFM), Raman spectroscopy and BET surface area analysis. To evaluate the sonocatalytic activity of the as-prepared MIL-101(Cr)/RGO/ZnFe 2 O 4 nanocomposite, the H 2 O 2 -assisted degradation of organic dyes such as congo red (CR), methylene blue (MB), Rhodamine B (RhB) and methyl orange (MO) in aqueous solution was studied under ultrasound irradiation. The obtained results indicated that the ternary MIL-101(Cr)/RGO/ZnFe 2 O 4 nanocomposite had better performance for sonodegradation of these dyes than MIL-101(Cr)/RGO, pure MIL-101(Cr) or ZnFe 2 O 4 . The enhanced sonocatalytic performance of the as-prepared ternary nanocomposite could be attributed to the fast generation and separation of charge carriers (electrons and holes) in ZnFe 2 O 4 and MIL-101(Cr) and their transfer to the surface of graphene sheets. Moreover, the relatively high specific surface area of the MIL-101(Cr)/rGO and magnetic property of ZnFe 2 O 4 improve the degradation efficiency of the dyes. The recovery of the ternary magnetic sonocatalyst from treated water could be easily achieved using an external magnetic field. The main influence factors on the sonocatalytic activity such as catalyst dosage and dye initial concentration were also investigated. The trapping experiments indicated that OH radicals are the prominent active species in dye degradation. In addition, the reusability test, was also carried out to ensure the stability of the employed sonocatalyst

A simple route to synthesize conductive stimuli-responsive polypyrrole nanocomposite hydrogel particles with strong magnetic properties and their performance for removal of hexavalent chromium ions from aqueous solution

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Ahmad, Hasan, E-mail: samarhass@yahoo.com [Department of Chemistry, Rajshahi University, Rajshahi 6205 (Bangladesh); Rahman, Mohammad Mostafizar; Ali, Mohammad Azgar [Department of Chemistry, Rajshahi University, Rajshahi 6205 (Bangladesh); Minami, Hideto [Graduate School of Engineering, Kobe University, Kobe 657-8501 (Japan); Tauer, Klaus [Max Planck Institute of Colloid and Interfaces, Am Mühlenberg, 14476 Golm (Germany); Gafur, Mohammad Abdul [Pilot Plant and Process Development Centre, BCSIR, Dhaka 1205 (Bangladesh); Rahman, Mohammad Mahbubor [Department of Chemistry, Rajshahi University, Rajshahi 6205 (Bangladesh)

2016-08-15

A combination of maghemite polypyrrole (PPy/γ-Fe{sub 2}O{sub 3}) and stimuli-responsive properties in the same hydrogel microspheres is expected to enhance their application potential in various fields such as tissue engineering, regenerative medicine, biosensors, biomedical applications and removal of heavy metals from waste water, catalysis etc. In this investigation a simple two step process is used to prepare conductive stimuli-responsive polypyrrole (PPy) composite hydrogel particles with strong magnetic properties. Poly(styrene-methacrylic acid-N-isopropylacrylamide-polyethelene glycol methacrylate) or P(S-NIPAM-MAA-PEGMA) hydrogel seed particles are first prepared by soap-free precipitation copolymerization. The copolymer hydrogel particles exhibited both temperature- and pH-responsive volume phase transition. Conductive P(S-NIPAM-MAA-PEGMA)/PPy/γ-Fe{sub 2}O{sub 3} nanocomposite hydrogel particles are then prepared by seeded chemical oxidative polymerization of pyrrole in the presence of P(S-NIPAM-MAA-PEGMA) hydrogel seed particles using FeCl{sub 3} as a oxidant and p-toluene sulfonic acid ( p-TSA) as a dopant. In the reaction system FeCl{sub 3} functioned as a source of Fe(III) for the formation of γ-Fe{sub 2}O{sub 3}. This reaction also requires the initial presence of Fe(II) provided by the addition of FeCl{sub 2}. The size and size distribution, surface structure, and morphology of the prepared conductive composite hydrogel particles are confirmed by FTIR, electron micrographs, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and UV–visible spectroscopy. The performance of nanocomposite hydrogel particles has been evaluated for the removal of hexavalent chromium (Cr) ions from water. - Highlights: • P(S-NIPAM-MAA-PEGMA) hydrogel particles were prepared. • P(S-NIPAM-MAA-PEGMA)/PPy/γ-Fe{sub 2}O{sub 3} nanocomposite hydrogel particles were prepared. • Oxidative polymerization of pyrrole and precipitation of γ-Fe{sub 2}O{sub 3

Synthesis and magnetic properties of hard magnetic (CoFe{sub 2}O{sub 4})-soft magnetic (Fe{sub 3}O{sub 4}) nano-composite ceramics by SPS technology

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Fei Chunlong [Key Laboratory of Artificial Micro- and Nano-structures of Ministry of Education and School of Physics and Technology, Hubei Key Laboratory on Organic and Polymeric Opto-electronic Materials, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072 (China); Zhang Yue [Key Laboratory of Artificial Micro- and Nano-structures of Ministry of Education and School of Physics and Technology, Hubei Key Laboratory on Organic and Polymeric Opto-electronic Materials, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072 (China); Key Laboratory for the Green Preparation and Application of Functional Materials of Ministry of Education, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062 (China); Yang Zhi; Liu Yong [Key Laboratory of Artificial Micro- and Nano-structures of Ministry of Education and School of Physics and Technology, Hubei Key Laboratory on Organic and Polymeric Opto-electronic Materials, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072 (China); Xiong Rui, E-mail: wudawujiron@163.co [Key Laboratory of Artificial Micro- and Nano-structures of Ministry of Education and School of Physics and Technology, Hubei Key Laboratory on Organic and Polymeric Opto-electronic Materials, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072 (China) and Key Laboratory for the Green Preparation and Application of Functional Materials of Ministry of Education, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062 (China); Shi Jing [Key Laboratory of Artificial Micro- and Nano-structures of Ministry of Education and School of Physics and Technology, Hubei Key Laboratory on Organic and Polymeric Opto-electronic Materials, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072 (China); International Center for Materials Physics, Shen Yang 110015 (China); Ruan Xuefeng [Key Laboratory of Artificial Micro- and Nano-structures of Ministry of Education and School of Physics and Technology, Hubei Key Laboratory on Organic and Polymeric Opto-electronic Materials, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072 (China)

2011-07-15

CoFe{sub 2}O{sub 4}/Fe{sub 3}O{sub 4} nano-composite ceramics were synthesized by Spark Plasma Sintering. The X-ray diffraction patterns show that all samples are composed of CoFe{sub 2}O{sub 4} and Fe{sub 3}O{sub 4} phases when the sintering temperature is below 900 {sup o}C. It is found that the magnetic properties strongly depend on the sintering temperature. The two-step hysteresis loops for samples sintered below 500 {sup o}C are observed, but when sintering temperature reaches 500 {sup o}C, the step disappears, which indicates that the CoFe{sub 2}O{sub 4} and Fe{sub 3}O{sub 4} are well exchange coupled. As the sintering temperature increases from 500 to 800 {sup o}C, the results of X-ray diffractometer indicate the constriction of crystalline regions due to the ion diffusion at the interfaces of CoFe{sub 2}O{sub 4}/Fe{sub 3}O{sub 4} phases, which have great impact on the magnetic properties. - Research highlights: In this work, a series of CoFe{sub 2}O{sub 4}/Fe{sub 3}O{sub 4} nano-composite ceramics were prepared through SPS. The magnetic properties of these ceramics have been studied in detail. It is found that the magnetic properties strongly depend on the sintering temperature.

Characterization of nanocomposite NdFeB permanent magnetic materials

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Mat Husin Salleh; Hussain, P.; Mohammad, M.; Abd Aziz Mohamed

2005-01-01

The following topics were discussed: Introduction to NdFeB magnet, grain size measurement using XRD (X-ray diffraction), FESEM , TEM (Transmission Electron Microscopy) and SANS (Small-angle Neutron Scattering). The objective of the project are to analyze the structure of nano-crystallite formed in the melt spun ribbons after annealing by XRD, FESEM,TEM and SANS, to study the magnetic properties of nano-composite NdFeB melt spun ribbons and their bonded magnet and possible usage in small motor to replace the conventional NdFeB bonded magnet

A novel magnetic poly(aniline-naphthylamine)-based nanocomposite for micro solid phase extraction of rhodamine B

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Bagheri, Habib, E-mail: bagheri@sharif.edu; Daliri, Rasoul; Roostaie, Ali

2013-09-10

Graphical abstract: -- Highlights: •A Fe{sub 3}O{sub 4}–aniline-naphthylamine nanocomposite was prepared via a simple route. •The magnetic nanocomposite was applied for isolation of RhB from water. •The nanocomposite applicability was compared with other pristine polymers. •The method was applied for the determination of RhB in different samples. -- Abstract: A novel Fe{sub 3}O{sub 4}–poly(aniline-naphthylamine)-based nanocomposite was synthesized by chemical oxidative polymerization process as a magnetic sorbent for micro solid phase extraction. The scanning electron microscopy images of the synthesized nanocomposite revealed that the copolymer posses a porous structure with diameters less than 50 nm. The extraction efficiency of this sorbent was examined by isolation of rhodamine B, a mutagenic and carcinogenic dye, from aquatic media in dispersion mode. Among different synthesized polymers, Fe{sub 3}O{sub 4}/poly(aniline-naphthylamine) nanocomposite showed a prominent efficiency. Parameters including the desorption solvent, amount of sorbent, desorption time, sample pH, ionic strength, extraction time and stirring rate were optimized. Under the optimum condition, a linear spiked calibration curve in the range of 0.35–5.00 μg L{sup −1} with R{sup 2} = 0.9991 was obtained. The limits of detection (3S{sub b}) and limits of quantification (10S{sub b}) of the method were 0.10 μg L{sup −1} and 0.35 μg L{sup −1} (n = 3), respectively. The relative standard deviation for water sample with 0.5 μg L{sup −1} of RhB was 4.2% (n = 5) and the absolute recovery was 92%. The method was applied for the determination of rhodamine B in dishwashing foam, dishwashing liquid, shampoo, pencil, matches tips and eye shadows samples and the relative recovery percentage were in the range of 94–99%.

Preparation and Properties of PTFE-PMMA Core-Shell Nanoparticles and Nanocomposites

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Diego Antonioli

2012-01-01

Full Text Available The preparation of polytetrafluoroethylene-poly(methyl methacrylate (PTFE-PMMA core-shell particles was described, featuring controlled size and narrow size distribution over a wide compositional range, through a seeded emulsion polymerization starting from a PTFE seed of 26 nanometers. Over the entire MMA/PTFE range, the particle size increases as the MMA/PTFE ratio increases. A very precise control over the particle size can be exerted by properly adjusting the ratio between the monomer and the PTFE seed. Particles in the 80–240 nm range can be prepared with uniformity indexes suited to build 2D and 3D colloidal crystals. These core-shell particles were employed to prepare nanocomposites with different compositions, through an annealing procedure at a temperature higher than the glass transition temperature of the shell forming polymer. A perfect dispersion of the PTFE particles within the PMMA matrix was obtained and optically transparent nanocomposites were prepared containing a very high PTFE amount.

Preparation, characterization and mechanical properties of rare-earth-based nanocomposites

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Musbah S.S.

2012-01-01

Full Text Available This study reports research related to different preparation methods and characterization of polymer nanocomposites for optical applications. The Eu-ion doped Gd2O3 nanophosphor powder with different nanoparticle content was embedded in the matrix of PMMA. Preparation was carried out by mixing molding (bulk, electrospinning (nanofibers and solution casting (thin films with neat particles and particles coated with AMEO silane. Among the pros and cons for proposed methods, the mixing molding enables to avoid solvent use while the best deagglomeration and nanoparticle distribution is gained using the electrospinning method. The results of dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA and nanoindentation revealed that the storage modulus of the composites was higher than that of pure PMMA and increased with nanophosphor content. Surface modification of particles improved the mechanical properties of nanocomposites.

Bulk superhard B-C-N nanocomposite compact and method for preparing thereof

Science.gov (United States)

Zhao, Yusheng; He, Duanwei

2004-07-06

Bulk, superhard, B-C-N nanocomposite compact and method for preparing thereof. The bulk, superhard, nanocomposite compact is a well-sintered compact and includes nanocrystalline grains of at least one high-pressure phase of B-C-N surrounded by amorphous diamond-like carbon grain boundaries. The bulk compact has a Vicker's hardness of about 41-68 GPa. It is prepared by ball milling a mixture of graphite and hexagonal boron nitride, encapsulating the ball-milled mixture, and sintering the encapsulated ball-milled mixture at a pressure of about 5-25 GPa and at a temperature of about 1000-2500 K.

Mixed-conducting polyaniline-Fuller's Earth nanocomposites prepared by stepwise intercalation

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Rajapakse, R.M.G.; Krishantha, D.M.M.; Tennakoon, D.T.B.; Dias, H.V.R.

2006-01-01

A series of polyaniline-Fuller's Earth (PANI-FE) nanocomposites were prepared by the successive intercalation of anilinium ions followed by polymerisation within the interlayer spaces of Fuller's Earth (a type of calcium montmorillonite). The first member in the series is prepared by exchanging the calcium ions in Fuller's Earth for ammonium ions and subsequently for anilinium ions and polymerising the latter using an externally introduced oxidant. The emeraldine salt form of polyaniline formed is then neutralised with ammonium hydroxide and more anilinium ions are exchanged for ammonium ions and polymerised to get the second member. In this manner, by making use the unique chemistry of clay and polyniline, four members of PANI-FE are prepared. In the last member, the negative layer charges of Fuller's Earth is completely neutralised by the positive charges of the polymer. The extent of polymer loading in each stage, the effect polymer has on the host structure and the electronic and ionic components of the conductivities of the new PANI-FE nanocomposites are investigated. The Fe(III) sites in FE are capable of spontaneously polymerising aniline within its intergalleries. The extent of spontaneous polymerisation is limited by the amount of Fe(III) present in the FE. The deliberate polymerisation of remaining anilinium ions by externally introduced oxidant results in highly conductive emeraldine salt-FE (EMS-FE) nanocomposites. The FE host accommodates higher amount of emeraldine salt and the repetitive insertions of the polymer could be done four times for complete layer charge neutralisation whereas with Bentonite the layer charge saturation takes place with three successive insertions. The new EMS-FE nanocomposites exhibit more than order of magnitude greater tuneable ionic and electronic conductivities compared to those of the same polymer incorporated in Bentonite

Percolation Phenomena For New Magnetic Composites And Tim Nanocomposites Materials

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Ahmed Thabet Mohamed

2015-01-01

Full Text Available This paper presents a theoretical investigation in order to obtain new composite and nanocomposite magnetic industrial materials. The effective conductivity and thermal effective conductivity have been predicted by adding various types and percentages of conductive particles (Al2O3, MgO, ZnO, Graphite etc. to the main matrices of Epoxy, Iron and Silicon for formulating new composite and nanocomposite industrial materials. The characterization of effective conductivity of new polymeric composites has been investigated with various applied forces, inclusion types and their concentrations. In addition, the effect of inclusion types and their concentrations on the effective thermal conductivities of thermal interface nanocomposite industrial materials has been explained and discussed.

Preparation of Zeolite/Zinc Oxide Nanocomposites for toxic metals removal from water

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Abdullah A. Alswata

Full Text Available This research work has proposed preparation of Zeolite/Zinc Oxide Nanocomposite (Zeolite/ZnO NCs by using a co-precipitation method. Then, the prepared Nanocomposite has been tested for adsorption of Lead Pb (II and Arsenic As (V from aqueous solution under the room pressure and temperature. After that, the prepared adsorbent has been studied by several techniques. For adsorption process; the effect of the adsorbent masses, contact time, PH and initial metals concentration as well as, the kinetics and isotherm for adsorption process have been investigated. The results revealed that; ZnO nanoparticles (NPs with average diameter 4.5 nm have successfully been loaded into Zeolite. The optimum parameters for the removal of the toxic metals 93% and 89% of Pb (II and As (V, respectively, in 100 mg/L aqua solutions were pH4, 0.15 g and 30 min. According to the obtained results; pseudo second-order kinetic and Langmuir isotherm model have higher correlation coefficients and provided a better agreement with the experimental data. The prepared sorbent showed an economical and effective way to remove the heavy toxic metals due to its ambient operation conditions, low- consumption energy and facile regeneration method. Keywords: Zeolite, ZnO, Nanocomposites, Adsorbent, Kinetic, Isotherm

Thermoplastic vulcanizate nanocomposites based on polypropylene/ethylene propylene diene terpolymer (PP/EPDM) prepared by reactive extrusion

Science.gov (United States)

Mirzadeh, Amin

using the solvent extraction and gravimetry technique. Additionally, the effect of continuity on rheological behaviour of TPE nanocomposites was investigated. The ultimate goal in this field is to maximize the rubber like behaviour by controlling the blend morphology and the level of crosslinking. Therefore, this study also covers the effects of nanoclay presence and its dispersion level on the crosslinking reaction of thermoplastic vulcanizate nanocomposites prepared by reactive extrusion. Here, the rubber phase was dynamically vulcanized using dimethylol phenolic resin or octylphenol-formaldehyde resin along with stannous chloride dihydrate as the catalyst. In the present study, the dynamic vulcanization of the prepared TPVs and corresponding nanocomposites are characterized using different criteria, such as gel content, viscosity and normalized storage modulus in the time sweep tests, nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) signal line width, bound curative content and residual diene concentration. The combination of the above parameters appears to be sufficient to provide a clear description of the systems. The last part of the present study is devoted to find how the dispersion level of nanoclay and consequently the extent of crosslinking change the rubber like behaviour and the morphology of the prepared TPVs. Therefore, recently developed method named temperature scanning stress relaxation (TSSR) was used to estimate the rubber indices of TPVs and TPV nanocomposites. The mentioned method also successfully provided information about the extent of crosslinking reaction. It is shown that the rubber like behaviour of the blends containing 50wt% and 60wt% of EPDM in which morphological studies suggest the presence of the rubber droplets in vicinity of irregular shape rubber particles with a low level of interconnectivity, correlates with the rubber droplet size. Therefore, the nanoclay presence affects the rubber index values mainly through its effect on the size of the

Preparation and characterization of BC/PAM-AgNPs nanocomposites for antibacterial applications.

Science.gov (United States)

Yang, Guang; Wang, Caixia; Hong, Feng; Yang, Xuexia; Cao, Zhangjun

2015-01-22

In this work, a bacterial cellulose/polyacrylamide (BC/PAM) double network composite was prepared to act as the template for in situ synthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs). Effects of reaction conditions of the BC/PAM composite were investigated on its microstructure, mechanical properties and thermal stabilities. Both the BC/PAM composite and pure BC were utilized to prepare the corresponding silver impregnated nanocomposites, i.e., BC/PAM-AgNPs and BC-AgNPs, by an environmental friendly method, UV irradiation. The influences of the templates were investigated on the AgNPs formation and the antibacterial activities of the nanocomposites by both the zone of inhibition and dynamic shake flask methods. It was shown that the BC/PAM composite displayed a denser microstructure and higher thermal stabilities than pure BC. The BC/PAM-AgNPs nanocomposite exhibited a bigger particle size and lower mass content of AgNPs than the BC-AgNPs one. For the antibacterial test, two nanocomposites exhibited a close antibacterial effect, with a high log reduction above 3 and killing ratio above 99.9%, respectively. Copyright © 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Synthesis and characterization of nanocomposites based on PANI and carbon nanostructures prepared by electropolymerization

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Petrovski, Aleksandar; Paunović, Perica [Faculty of Technology and Metallurgy, SS Cyril and Methodius University, Rudjer Bošković, 16, 1000, Skopje (Macedonia, The Former Yugoslav Republic of); Avolio, Roberto; Errico, Maria E.; Cocca, Mariacristina; Gentile, Gennaro [Institute for Polymers, Composites and Biomaterials, National Research Council, Via Campi Flegrei 34, 80078, Pozzuoli, Napoli (Italy); Grozdanov, Anita, E-mail: anita.grozdanov@yahoo.com [Faculty of Technology and Metallurgy, SS Cyril and Methodius University, Rudjer Bošković, 16, 1000, Skopje (Macedonia, The Former Yugoslav Republic of); Avella, Maurizio [Institute for Polymers, Composites and Biomaterials, National Research Council, Via Campi Flegrei 34, 80078, Pozzuoli, Napoli (Italy); Barton, John [Tyndall National Institute, University College Cork, Dyke Parade, T12 R5CP, Cork (Ireland); Dimitrov, Aleksandar [Faculty of Technology and Metallurgy, SS Cyril and Methodius University, Rudjer Bošković, 16, 1000, Skopje (Macedonia, The Former Yugoslav Republic of)

2017-01-01

Nanocomposites based on polyaniline (PANI) and carbon nanostructures (CNSs) (graphene (G) and multiwall carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs)) were prepared by in situ electrochemical polymerization. CNSs were inserted into the PANI matrix by dispersing them into the electrolyte before the electropolymerization. Electrochemical characterization by means of cyclic voltammetry and steady state polarization were performed in order to determine conditions for electro-polymerization. Electro-polymerization of the PANI based nanocomposites was carried out at 0.75 V vs. saturated calomel electrode (SCE) for 40 and 60 min. The morphology and structural characteristics of the obtained nanocomposites were studied by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Raman spectroscopy, while thermal stability was determined using thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA). According to the morphological and structural study, fibrous and porous structure of PANI based nanocomposites was detected well embedding both G and MWCNTs. Also, strong interaction between quinoidal structure of PANI with carbon nanostructures via π–π stacking was detected by Raman spectroscopy. TGA showed the increased thermal stability of composites reinforced with CNSs, especially those reinforced with graphene. - Highlights: • Nanocomposites of PANI with carbon nanostructures were prepared for sensing application. • By cyclic voltammetry, conductive form of PANI (green colored emeraldine phase) is obtained 0.75 V • Using 4 Probe method, nanocomposite PANI/CNS tablet was tested for sensing application. • Micro-structural properties of nanocomposites were studied by SEM, TGA and Raman analysis.

Conducting, magnetic polyaniline/Ba0.25Sr0.75 Fe11(Ni0.5Mn0.5)O19 nanocomposite: Fabrication, characterization and application

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Ezzati, S. Noushin; Rabbani, Mahboubeh; Leblanc, Roger M.; Asadi, Ebadullah; Ezzati, S. Mohammad H.; Rahimi, Rahmatollah; Azodi-Deilami, Saman

2015-01-01

In this contribution, Ni/Mn doped Barium Strontium Ferrite nanoparticles (Ba 0.25 Sr 0.75 Fe 11 (Ni 0.5 Mn 0.5 )O 19 ) and conducting polyaniline/Ba 0.25 Sr 0.75 Fe 11 (Ni 0.5 Mn 0.5 )O 19 nanocomposite were fabricated successfully through sol–gel method and in-situ polymerization technique, respectively. Field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM), Energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy analysis (EDX), X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), Mössbauer spectroscopic measurements and Fourier transform infrared spectroscope (FT-IR) analyses were adopted to confirm the composition, morphology and structure of materials. The obtained results revealed the formation of hexagonal M-type rod-shape ferrite with average particle size of about 45 nm (according to XRD data, using Debye–Scherre formula). The saturation magnetization of ferrite nanoparticles and PANI/Ferrite nanocomposite reported 44.03 and 9.85 emu/g, respectively, using vibrant sample magnetometer (VSM). Standard four-point-probe technique was employed to measure the conductivity of samples. Also optical characteristic of samples was examined by means of UV–Vis and Diffuse Reflectance Spectra (DRS) techniques which proved the formation of conducting coating of emeraldine on the surface of magnetic nanoparticles. Also the UV–vis studies indicated that the ferrite nanoparticles have an optical band gap of 1.8 eV while the values of 1.65 and 2.66 eV obtained for PANI/Ferrite nanocomposite. Finally, the microwave absorption properties of prepared nanoferrite and nanocomposite at different thicknesses (2, 3 and 4 mm) were determined at the X-band (8–12 GHz) using vector network analyzer (VNA). In this study, minimum reflection loss of −21.68 dB and maximum available bandwidth of 4.8 GHz were obtained for PANI/Ferrite (20 wt% ferrite) at the frequency of 10.6 GHz. The results suggested the fabricated nanocomposite could be a suitable candidate for decreasing radar signature. - Highlights: • Polyaniline

Synthesis and structural characterization of magnetic cadmium sulfide-cobalt ferrite nanocomposite, and study of its activity for dyes degradation under ultrasound

Science.gov (United States)

Farhadi, Saeed; Siadatnasab, Firouzeh

2016-11-01

Cadmium sulfide-cobalt ferrite (CdS/CFO) nanocomposite was easily synthesized by one-step hydrothermal decomposition of cadmium diethyldithiocarbamate complex on the CoFe2O4 nanoparticles at 200 °C. Spectroscopic techniques of powder X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), UV-visible spectroscopy, field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET), and magnetic measurements were applied for characterizing the structure and morphology of the product. The results of FT-IR, XRD and EDX indicated that the CdS/CFO was highly pure. SEM and TEM results revealed that the CdS/CFO nanocomposite was formed from nearly uniform and sphere-like nanoparticles with the size of approximately 20 nm. The UV-vis absorption spectrum of the CdS/CFO nanocomposite showed the band gap of 2.21 eV, which made it suitable for sono-/photo catalytic purposes. By using the obtained CdS/CFO nanocomposite, an ultrasound-assisted advanced oxidation process (AOP) has been developed for catalytic degradation of methylene blue (MB), Rhodamine B (RhB), and methyl orange (MO)) in the presence of H2O2 as a green oxidant. CdS/CFO nanocomposite exhibited excellent sonocatalytic activity, so that, dyes were completely degraded in less than 10 min. The influences of crucial factors such as the H2O2 amount and catalyst dosage on the degradation efficiency were evaluated. The as-prepared CdS/CFO nanocomposite exhibited higher catalytic activity than pure CdS nanoparticles. Moreover, the magnetic property of CoFe2O4 made the nanocomposite recyclable.

Preparation, structure and thermal stability of Cu/LDPE nanocomposites

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Xia Xianping; Cai Shuizhou; Xie Changsheng

2006-01-01

Copper/low-density-polyethylene (Cu/LDPE) nanocomposites have been prepared using a melt-blending technique in a single-screw extruder. Their structure and thermal characteristics are characterized by using X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). The results of XRD, SEM and SEM-EDS Cu-mapping show that the nanocomposites are a hybrid of the polymer and the copper nanoparticles, and the copper nanoparticles aggregates were distributed uniformly in general. The results also show that the nanocomposites and the base resin, the pure LDPE, have a different crystalline structure and the same oriented characteristics owing to the presence of copper nanoparticles and the same cooling condition. The results of DSC show that the incorporation of copper nanoparticles can decrease the melting temperatures but increase the crystallization temperatures, and can lower the crystallinity degree of the matrix of the composites. The results of TGA show that the presence of copper nanoparticles can improve the thermal stability of the nanocomposites, a maximum increment of 18 deg. C is obtained comparing with the pure LDPE in this experiment. The results of TGA also show that the influence of the incorporation of the copper nanoparticles on the thermal stability of the Cu/LDPE nanocomposites is different from that of the non-metal nanoparticles on the polymer/non-metal nanocomposites and the copper microparticles on the Cu/LDPE microcomposites. The increase of the thermal stability of the Cu/LDPE nanocomposites will decrease when the content of the copper nanoparticles is more than 2 wt.%. The difference might be caused by the fact that the activity of the metal nanoparticles is much more higher than that of the non-metal nanoparticles, and the different size effect the different copper particles has

Antimicrobial bacterial cellulose nanocomposites prepared by in situ polymerization of 2-aminoethyl methacrylate.

Science.gov (United States)

Figueiredo, Ana R P; Figueiredo, Andrea G P R; Silva, Nuno H C S; Barros-Timmons, Ana; Almeida, Adelaide; Silvestre, Armando J D; Freire, Carmen S R

2015-06-05

Antimicrobial bacterial cellulose/poly(2-aminoethyl methacrylate) (BC/PAEM) nanocomposites were prepared by in situ radical polymerization of 2-aminoethyl methacrylate, using variable amounts of N,N-methylenebis(acrylamide) (MBA) as cross-linker. The obtained nanocomposites were characterized in terms of their structure, morphology, thermal stability, mechanical properties and antibacterial activity. The ensuing composite membranes were significantly more transparent than those of pure BC and showed improved thermal and mechanical properties. The antibacterial activity of the obtained nanocomposites was assessed towards a recombinant bioluminescent Escherichia coli and only the non-crosslinked nanocomposite (BC/PAEM) proved to have antibacterial activity. Copyright © 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Fabrication of magnetic Fe@ZnO0.6S0.4 nanocomposite for visible-light-driven photocatalytic inactivation of Escherichia coli

Science.gov (United States)

Peng, Ziling; Wu, Dan; Wang, Wei; Tan, Fatang; Ng, Tsz Wai; Chen, Jianguo; Qiao, Xueliang; Wong, Po Keung

2017-02-01

Bacterial inactivation by magnetic photocatalysts has now received growing interests due to the easy separation for recycle and reuse of photocatalysts. In this study, magnetic Fe@ZnO0.6S0.4 photocatalyst was prepared by a facile two-step precipitation method. Multiple techniques such as X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscope (TEM), scanning electron microscope (SEM), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), UV-vis diffused reflectance spectra (UV-vis DRS) and vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM) were employed to characterize the structure, morphology and physicochemical properties of the photocatalyst. The as-obtained Fe@ZnO0.6S0.4 possessing magnetic property was easily collected from the reaction system by a magnet. Under white light-emitting-diode (LED) lamp irradiation, Fe@ZnO0.6S0.4 nanocomposite could completely inactivate 7-log of Escherichia coli K-12 within 5 h. More importantly, almost no decrease of photocatalytic efficiency in bacterial inactivation was observed even after five consecutive cycles, demonstrating Fe@ZnO0.6S0.4 exhibited good stability for reuse. The low released rate of Fe2+/Fe3+ and Zn2+ from Fe@ZnO0.6S0.4 composite further indicated the photocatalyst showed low cytotoxicity to bacterium and high stability under LED lamp irradiation. Facile preparation, high photocatalytic efficiency, good stability and reusability, and magnetic recovery property endow Fe@ZnO0.6S0.4 nanocomposite to be a promising photocatalytic material for bacterial inactivation.

Stress induced anisotropy in CoFeMn soft magnetic nanocomposites

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Leary, A. M., E-mail: leary@cmu.edu; Keylin, V.; McHenry, M. E. [Materials Science and Engineering Department, Carnegie Mellon University, 5000 Forbes Ave., Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213 (United States); Ohodnicki, P. R. [Functional Materials Development Division, National Energy Technology Laboratory (NETL), 626 Cochrans Mill Road, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15236 (United States)

2015-05-07

The use of processing techniques to create magnetic anisotropy in soft magnetic materials is a well-known method to control permeability and losses. In nanocomposite materials, field annealing below the Curie temperature results in uniaxial anisotropy energies up to ∼2 kJ/m{sup 3}. Higher anisotropies up to ∼10 kJ/m{sup 3} result after annealing Fe-Si compositions under stress due to residual stress in the amorphous matrix acting on body centered cubic crystals. This work describes near zero magnetostriction Co{sub 80−x−y}Fe{sub x}Mn{sub y}Nb{sub 4}B{sub 14}Si{sub 2} soft magnetic nanocomposites, where x and y < 8 at.% with close packed crystalline grains that show stress induced anisotropies up to ∼50 kJ/m{sup 3} and improved mechanical properties with respect to Fe-Si compositions. Difference patterns measured using transmission X-ray diffraction show evidence of affine strain with respect to the stress axis.

Preparation, characterization, and antibacterial activity of silver nanoparticle-decorated graphene oxide nanocomposite.

Science.gov (United States)

Shao, Wei; Liu, Xiufeng; Min, Huihua; Dong, Guanghui; Feng, Qingyuan; Zuo, Songlin

2015-04-01

In this work, we report a facile and green approach to prepare a uniform silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) decorated graphene oxide (GO) nanocomposite (GO-Ag). The nanocomposite was fully characterized by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectra, ultraviolet-visible (UV-vis) absorption spectra, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), which demonstrated that AgNPs with a diameter of approximately 22 nm were uniformly and compactly deposited on GO. To investigate the silver ion release behaviors, HEPES buffers with different pH (5.5, 7, and 8.5) were selected and the mechanism of release actions was discussed in detail. The cytotoxicity of GO-Ag nanocomposite was also studied using HEK 293 cells. GO-Ag nanocomposite displayed good cytocompatibility. Furthermore, the antibacterial properties of GO-Ag nanocomposite were studied using Gram-negative E. coli ATCC 25922 and Gram-positive S. aureus ATCC 6538 by both the plate count method and disk diffusion method. The nanocomposite showed excellent antibacterial activity. These results demonstrated that GO-Ag nanocomposite, as a kind of antibacterial material, had a great promise for application in a wide range of biomedical applications.

Preparation of a porous Sn@C nanocomposite as a high-performance anode material for lithium-ion batteries

Science.gov (United States)

Zhang, Yanjun; Jiang, Li; Wang, Chunru

2015-07-01

A porous Sn@C nanocomposite was prepared via a facile hydrothermal method combined with a simple post-calcination process, using stannous octoate as the Sn source and glucose as the C source. The as-prepared Sn@C nanocomposite exhibited excellent electrochemical behavior with a high reversible capacity, long cycle life and good rate capability when used as an anode material for lithium ion batteries.A porous Sn@C nanocomposite was prepared via a facile hydrothermal method combined with a simple post-calcination process, using stannous octoate as the Sn source and glucose as the C source. The as-prepared Sn@C nanocomposite exhibited excellent electrochemical behavior with a high reversible capacity, long cycle life and good rate capability when used as an anode material for lithium ion batteries. Electronic supplementary information (ESI) available: Detailed experimental procedure and additional characterization, including a Raman spectrum, TGA curve, N2 adsorption-desorption isotherm, TEM images and SEM images. See DOI: 10.1039/c5nr03093e

Texturing for bulk α-Fe/Nd2Fe14B nanocomposites with enhanced magnetic properties

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Lou, L.; Hou, F.C.; Wang, Y.N.; Cheng, Y.; Li, H.L.; Li, W.; Guo, D.F.; Li, X.H.; Zhang, X.Y.

2014-01-01

In the present study, the texturing of bulk α-Fe/Nd 2 Fe 14 B nanocomposites produced from Nd-lean amorphous Nd x Fe 92.5−x Cu 1.5 B 6 (x=9 to 11.5 at%) via a hot deformation under a uniaxial stress of ∼350 MPa at 973 K has been studied. An enhanced (00l) texture of the hard phase is observed with increasing Nd content, which results in an increase in the magnetic anisotropy of the nanocomposite magnets. As a result, both the coercivity and the remanence of the magnets increase simultaneously with increasing Nd content from x=9–11.5 at%, yielding a significant enhancement of the maximum energy product from (BH) max =13.2 to 17.5 MGOe in the direction parallel to stress axis. - Highlights: • Textured bulk α-Fe/Nd 2 Fe 14 B nanocomposites have been produced from Nd-lean alloys. • Nd content has an effect on the texturing of α-Fe/Nd 2 Fe 14 B nanocomposite magnets. • An enhanced (00l) texture of hard phase is observed with increasing Nd content. • Both the coercivity and remanence increase simultaneously with Nd content

Fe-Al2O3 nanocomposites prepared by high-energy ball milling

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Linderoth, Søren; Pedersen, M.S.

1994-01-01

Nanocomposites of alpha-Fe and alpha-Al2O3, prepared by high-energy ball milling, exhibit coercivities which are enhanced by about two orders of magnitude with respect to the bulk value. The degree of enhancement depends on the volume fraction (x(upsilon)) of Fe, with a maximum for x(upsilon) alm......Nanocomposites of alpha-Fe and alpha-Al2O3, prepared by high-energy ball milling, exhibit coercivities which are enhanced by about two orders of magnitude with respect to the bulk value. The degree of enhancement depends on the volume fraction (x(upsilon)) of Fe, with a maximum for x...

Green synthesis of magnetic chitosan nanocomposites by a new sol–gel auto-combustion method

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Ansari, Fatemeh [Institute of Nano Science and Nano Technology, University of Kashan, P.O. Box. 87317–51167, Kashan, Islamic Republic of Iran (Iran, Islamic Republic of); Sobhani, Azam [Department of Chemistry, Kosar University of Bojnord, Bojnord, Islamic Republic of Iran (Iran, Islamic Republic of); Salavati-Niasari, Masoud, E-mail: salavati@kashanu.ac.ir [Institute of Nano Science and Nano Technology, University of Kashan, P.O. Box. 87317–51167, Kashan, Islamic Republic of Iran (Iran, Islamic Republic of)

2016-07-15

The Fe{sub 2}O{sub 3}/CuFe{sub 2}O{sub 4}/chitosan nanocomposites have been successfully synthesized via a new sol–gel auto-combustion route. To prepare the nanocomposites, copper ferrite (CuFe{sub 2}O{sub 4}) and iron (II) oxide (Fe{sub 2}O{sub 3}) nanostructures were first prepared utilizing onion as a green reductant for the first time, and characterized by SEM, TEM, XRD, IR and VSM. Then chitosan was added into the nanostructures dispersed in water. Chitosan was used to functionalize and modify the nanostructures and also to improve surface properties. The nanocomposites were also characterized by several techniques including SEM, TEM, XRD, IR and VSM. The effects of amount of onion and chitosan on the morphology and particle size of nanocomposites were evaluated. - Highlights: • Fe{sub 2}O{sub 3}/CuFe{sub 2}O{sub 4}/chitosan nanocomposites were synthesized for the first time. • A simple, low-cost and friendly route was used to synthesize the nanocomposites. • Effects of amount of onion and chitosan were investigated.

Preparation, structure and properties of uniaxially oriented polyethylene-silver nanocomposites

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Dirix, Y.J.L.; Bastiaansen, C.W.M.; Caseri, W.R.; Smith, P.

1999-01-01

Uniaxially oriented composites of high-density polyethylene and silver nanoparticles were prepared using solution-casting, melt-extrusion and solid-state drawing techniques. The absorption spectrum in the visible wavelength range of the drawn nanocomposites was observed to strongly depend on the

Preparation and characterization of nanocomposite films from oil palm pulp nanocellulose/poly (Vinyl alcohol) by casting method.

Science.gov (United States)

Asad, Mohammad; Saba, Naheed; Asiri, Abdullah M; Jawaid, M; Indarti, Eti; Wanrosli, W D

2018-07-01

TEMPO-oxidize nanocellulose (TONC) suspension has been obtained from total chlorine free (TCF) oil palm empty-fruit-bunches (OPEFB) pulp using 4-acetamido-TEMPO (2,2,6,6-tetramethyl piperidin-1-oxyl) mediated oxidation with sodium hypochlorite and sodium bromide in water at 25 °C and pH 10. TONC suspension with varied content from 0.5 to 6% (w/w) reinforced polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) polymer based nanocomposite films were prepared by the casting method. The structural interaction between the TONC and PVA was characterized by the Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). It was found that the 4% (w/w) TONC content reinforced nanocomposite exhibited the highest tensile strength and modulus with an increase of 122% and 291% respectively, compared to PVA while the elongation at break decreased about 42.7%. Thermal stability of PVA based nanocomposite films was improved after incorporation of TONC. Incorporation of TONC in PVA film increases its crystallinity due to strongly linking between the hydroxyl groups of materials however considerable decreases beyond 2 wt% loading are observed. TONC incorporation beyond 2 wt% also reduces the melting temperature peaks and enthalpy of nanocomposite films. FT-IR spectra, NMR and SEM indicate that there is interaction between the TONC and PVA. Copyright © 2018 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Preparation of bulk superhard B-C-N nanocomposite compact

Science.gov (United States)

Zhao, Yusheng [Los Alamos, NM; He, Duanwei [Sichuan, CN

2011-05-10

Bulk, superhard, B--C--N nanocomposite compacts were prepared by ball milling a mixture of graphite and hexagonal boron nitride, encapsulating the ball-milled mixture at a pressure in a range of from about 15 GPa to about 25 GPa, and sintering the pressurized encapsulated ball-milled mixture at a temperature in a range of from about 1800-2500 K. The product bulk, superhard, nanocomposite compacts were well sintered compacts with nanocrystalline grains of at least one high-pressure phase of B--C--N surrounded by amorphous diamond-like carbon grain boundaries. The bulk compacts had a measured Vicker's hardness in a range of from about 41 GPa to about 68 GPa.

Fabrication of magnetic Fe@ZnO{sub 0.6}S{sub 0.4} nanocomposite for visible-light-driven photocatalytic inactivation of Escherichia coli

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Peng, Ziling [State Key Laboratory of Material Processing and Die & Mould Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, Hubei (China); Wu, Dan [School of Life Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, NT, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region (China); Wang, Wei, E-mail: weiwang@hust.edu.cn [State Key Laboratory of Material Processing and Die & Mould Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, Hubei (China); Tan, Fatang [State Key Laboratory of Material Processing and Die & Mould Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, Hubei (China); Ng, Tsz Wai [School of Life Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, NT, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region (China); Chen, Jianguo; Qiao, Xueliang [State Key Laboratory of Material Processing and Die & Mould Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, Hubei (China); Wong, Po Keung, E-mail: pkwong@cuhk.edu.hk [School of Life Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, NT, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region (China)

2017-02-28

Highlights: • Fe@ZnO{sub 0.6}S{sub 0.4} was prepared by a facile two-step precipitation method. • Fe@ZnO{sub 0.6}S{sub 0.4} exhibited high photocatalytic activity under LED lamp irradiation. • Fe@ZnO{sub 0.6}S{sub 0.4} possessed good stability and reusability for bacterial inactivation. • Fe@ZnO{sub 0.6}S{sub 0.4} could be easily collected from the reaction solution by a magnet. • The release rate of metal ions from nanocomposite was kept at a very low level. - Abstract: Bacterial inactivation by magnetic photocatalysts has now received growing interests due to the easy separation for recycle and reuse of photocatalysts. In this study, magnetic Fe@ZnO{sub 0.6}S{sub 0.4} photocatalyst was prepared by a facile two-step precipitation method. Multiple techniques such as X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscope (TEM), scanning electron microscope (SEM), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), UV–vis diffused reflectance spectra (UV-vis DRS) and vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM) were employed to characterize the structure, morphology and physicochemical properties of the photocatalyst. The as-obtained Fe@ZnO{sub 0.6}S{sub 0.4} possessing magnetic property was easily collected from the reaction system by a magnet. Under white light-emitting-diode (LED) lamp irradiation, Fe@ZnO{sub 0.6}S{sub 0.4} nanocomposite could completely inactivate 7-log of Escherichia coli K-12 within 5 h. More importantly, almost no decrease of photocatalytic efficiency in bacterial inactivation was observed even after five consecutive cycles, demonstrating Fe@ZnO{sub 0.6}S{sub 0.4} exhibited good stability for reuse. The low released rate of Fe{sup 2+}/Fe{sup 3+} and Zn{sup 2+} from Fe@ZnO{sub 0.6}S{sub 0.4} composite further indicated the photocatalyst showed low cytotoxicity to bacterium and high stability under LED lamp irradiation. Facile preparation, high photocatalytic efficiency, good stability and reusability, and magnetic recovery property endow Fe@ZnO{sub 0

A nanocomposite consisting of graphene oxide and Fe3O4 magnetic nanoparticles for the extraction of flavonoids from tea, wine and urine samples

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Wu, Jianrong; Xiao, Deli; Peng, Jun; Wang, Cuixia; Zhang, Chan; He, Jia; Zhao, Hongyan; He, Hua

2015-01-01

We describe a single-step solvothermal method for the preparation of nanocomposites consisting of graphene oxide and Fe 3 O 4 nanoparticles (GO/Fe 3 O 4 ). This material is shown to be useful as a magnetic sorbent for the extraction of flavonoids from green tea, red wine, and urine samples. The nanocomposite is taking advantage of the high surface area of GO and the magnetic phase separation feature of the magnetic sorbent. The nanocomposite is recyclable and was applied to the extraction of flavonoids prior to their determination by HPLC. The effects of amount of surfactant, pH value of the sample solution, extraction time, and desorption condition on the extraction efficiency, and the regeneration conditions were optimized. The limits of detection for luteolin, quercetin and kaempferol range from 0.2 to 0.5 ng∙ mL −1 in urine, from 3.0 to 6.0 ng∙mL −1 in green tea, and from 1.0 to 2.5 ng∙mL −1 in red wine. The recoveries are between 82.0 and 101.4 %, with relative standard deviations of <9.3 %. (author)

Biomimetic three-dimensional nanocrystalline hydroxyapatite and magnetically synthesized single-walled carbon nanotube chitosan nanocomposite for bone regeneration

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Im O

2012-04-01

Full Text Available Owen Im1, Jian Li2, Mian Wang2, Lijie Grace Zhang2,3, Michael Keidar2,31Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC; 2Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, 3Institute for Biomedical Engineering and Institute for Nanotechnology, The George Washington University, Washington, DC, USABackground: Many shortcomings exist in the traditional methods of treating bone defects, such as donor tissue shortages for autografts and disease transmission for allografts. The objective of this study was to design a novel three-dimensional nanostructured bone substitute based on magnetically synthesized single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNT, biomimetic hydrothermally treated nanocrystalline hydroxyapatite, and a biocompatible hydrogel (chitosan. Both nanocrystalline hydroxyapatite and SWCNT have a biomimetic nanostructure, excellent osteoconductivity, and high potential to improve the load-bearing capacity of hydrogels.Methods: Specifically, three-dimensional porous chitosan scaffolds with different concentrations of nanocrystalline hydroxyapatite and SWCNT were created to support the growth of human osteoblasts (bone-forming cells using a lyophilization procedure. Two types of SWCNT were synthesized in an arc discharge with a magnetic field (B-SWCNT and without a magnetic field (N-SWCNT for improving bone regeneration.Results: Nanocomposites containing magnetically synthesized B-SWCNT had superior cytocompatibility properties when compared with nonmagnetically synthesized N-SWCNT. B-SWCNT have much smaller diameters and are twice as long as their nonmagnetically prepared counterparts, indicating that the dimensions of carbon nanotubes can have a substantial effect on osteoblast attachment.Conclusion: This study demonstrated that a chitosan nanocomposite with both B-SWCNT and 20% nanocrystalline hydroxyapatite could achieve a higher osteoblast density when compared with the other experimental groups, thus making this nanocomposite

Synthesis and magnetic properties of bacterial cellulose—ferrite (MFe2O4, M  =  Mn, Co, Ni, Cu) nanocomposites prepared by co-precipitation method

Science.gov (United States)

Sriplai, Nipaporn; Mongkolthanaruk, Wiyada; Pinitsoontorn, Supree

2017-09-01

The magnetic nanocomposites based on bacterial cellulose (BC) matrix and ferrite (MFe2O4, M  =  Mn, Co, Ni and Cu) nanoparticles (NPs) were fabricated. The never-dried and freeze-dried BC nanofibrils were used as templates and a co-precipitation method was applied for NPs synthesis. The nanocomposites were either freeze-dried or annealed before subjected to characterization. The x-ray diffraction (XRD) and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy showed that only MnFe2O4 and CoFe2O4 NPs could be successfully incorporated in the BC nanostructures. The results also indicated that the BC template should be freeze-dried prior to the co-precipitation process. The magnetic measurement by a vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM) showed that the strongest ferromagnetic signal was found for BC-CoFe2O4 nanocomposites. The morphological investigation by a scanning electron microscope (SEM) showed the largest volume fraction of NPs in the BC-CoFe2O4 sample which was complimentary to the magnetic property measurement. Annealing resulted in the collapse of the opened nanostructure of the BC composites. Invited talk at 5th Thailand International Nanotechnology Conference (Nano Thailand-2016), 27-29 November 2016, Nakhon Ratchasima, Thailand.

Towards understanding of magnetization reversal in Nd-Fe-B nanocomposites: analysis by high-throughput micromagnetic simulations

Science.gov (United States)

Erokhin, Sergey; Berkov, Dmitry; Ito, Masaaki; Kato, Akira; Yano, Masao; Michels, Andreas

2018-03-01

We demonstrate how micromagnetic simulations can be employed in order to characterize and analyze the magnetic microstructure of nanocomposites. For the example of nanocrystalline Nd-Fe-B, which is a potential material for future permanent-magnet applications, we have compared three different models for the micromagnetic analysis of this material class: (i) a description of the nanocomposite microstructure in terms of Stoner-Wohlfarth particles with and without the magnetodipolar interaction; (ii) a model based on the core-shell representation of the nanograins; (iii) the latter model including a contribution of superparamagnetic clusters. The relevant parameter spaces have been systematically scanned with the aim to establish which micromagnetic approach can most adequately describe experimental data for this material. According to our results, only the last, most sophisticated model is able to provide an excellent agreement with the measured hysteresis loop. The presented methodology is generally applicable to multiphase magnetic nanocomposites and it highligths the complex interrelationship between the microstructure, magnetic interactions, and the macroscopic magnetic properties.

Preparation, characterization and properties of acid functionalized multi-walled carbon nanotube reinforced thermoplastic polyurethane nanocomposites

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Kumar Barick, Aruna; Kumar Tripathy, Deba

2011-01-01

Graphical abstract: Highlights: → Preparation and characterization of TPU nanocomposite for tailor made applications. → The structural analyses were carried out by FTIR, WAXD, FESEM and HRTEM. → The thermal and dynamic mechanical properties were evaluated by TGA, DSC and DMA. → The dynamic rheological behavior was investigated by RPA in frequency sweep. → The frequency dependence of electrical properties was studied by LCR meter. - Abstract: The multi-walled carbon nanotube (MWNT) reinforced thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) nanocomposites were prepared through melt compounding method followed by compression molding. The spectroscopic study indicated that a strong interfacial interaction was developed between carbon nanotube (CNT) and the TPU matrix in the nanocomposites. The microscopic observation showed that the CNTs were homogeneously dispersed throughout the TPU matrix well apart from a few clusters. The results from thermal analysis indicated that the glass transition temperature (T g ) and storage modulus (E') of the nanocomposites were increased with increase in CNTs content and their thermal stability were also improved in comparison with pure TPU matrix. The rheological analysis showed the low frequency plateau of shear modulus and the shear thinning behavior of the nanocomposites. The electrical behaviors of the nanocomposites are increased with increase in weight percent (wt%) of CNT loading. The mechanical properties of nanocomposites were substantially improved by the incorporation of CNTs into the TPU matrix.

Synthesis and magnetic property of T4 virus-supported gold-coated iron ternary nanocomposite

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Xu Ziming; Sun Hongjing; Gao Faming, E-mail: fmgao@ysu.edu.cn; Hou Li; Li Na [Yanshan University, Key Laboratory of Applied Chemistry (China)

2012-12-15

Herein, we present a novel method based on the use of the symmetrical T4 bacteriophage capsid as a scaffold for preparing the gold-coated iron ternary core/shell nanostructure. Results showed that the thick gold shell was obtained to effectively protect Fe core from oxidation. Magnetic measurements showed that the nanocomposites were superparamagnetic at room temperature with a blocking temperature of about 35 K. At 3 K, its coercivity of 1142.86 Oe was larger than the existing experimental values. The magnetic property of Au/T4 was also tested, demonstrating the source of the magnetic sample arising from the Fe core only. The absorption spectrum of the Fe-Au/T4 complex was measured and compared with gold/virus. Different thickness gold shells were controlled in the synthesis by tuning the Au salt addition. On the basis of results and discussion, we further speculated the general growing mechanism of the template-supported Fe-Au process.

Synthesis and magnetic property of T4 virus-supported gold-coated iron ternary nanocomposite

Science.gov (United States)

Xu, Ziming; Sun, Hongjing; Gao, Faming; Hou, Li; Li, Na

2012-12-01

Herein, we present a novel method based on the use of the symmetrical T4 bacteriophage capsid as a scaffold for preparing the gold-coated iron ternary core/shell nanostructure. Results showed that the thick gold shell was obtained to effectively protect Fe core from oxidation. Magnetic measurements showed that the nanocomposites were superparamagnetic at room temperature with a blocking temperature of about 35 K. At 3 K, its coercivity of 1142.86 Oe was larger than the existing experimental values. The magnetic property of Au/T4 was also tested, demonstrating the source of the magnetic sample arising from the Fe core only. The absorption spectrum of the Fe@Au/T4 complex was measured and compared with gold/virus. Different thickness gold shells were controlled in the synthesis by tuning the Au salt addition. On the basis of results and discussion, we further speculated the general growing mechanism of the template-supported Fe@Au process.

Synthesis of Co/Co3O4 Nanocomposite Particles Relevant to Magnetic Field Processing

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Srivastava, A.K.; Madhavi, S.; Menon, Mohan

2010-01-01

Co/Co3O4 nanocomposite particles of various morphologies were synthesized by the reverse micelle technique. Equiaxed, rod and faceted crystals with rectangular, pentagonal and hexagonal cross sections were observed. Annealing resulted in the formation of a composite of cobalt oxide (Co3O4) and fc...... cobalt (Co). Removal of boron residues from the final product was established by surface characterization. Magnetic moment of these nanocomposite particles is relevant to magnetic field processing.......Co/Co3O4 nanocomposite particles of various morphologies were synthesized by the reverse micelle technique. Equiaxed, rod and faceted crystals with rectangular, pentagonal and hexagonal cross sections were observed. Annealing resulted in the formation of a composite of cobalt oxide (Co3O4) and fcc...

PREPARATION OF POLY(METHYL METHACRYLATE)/LAYERED DOUBLE HYDROXIDES NANOCOMPOSITES via in situ SOLUTION POLYMERIZATION

Institute of Scientific and Technical Information of China (English)

无

2007-01-01

An exfoliated layered double hydroxides/poly(methyl methacrylate) (LDHs/PMMA) nanocomposite was prepared by in situ solution polymerization of methyl methacrylate (MMA) in the presence of 4-vinylbenzenesulfonate intercalated LDHs(MgAl-VBS LDHs). MgAl-VBS LDHs was prepared by the ion exchange method, and the structure and composition of the MgAl-VBS LDHs were determined by X-ray diffraction (XRD), infrared spectroscopy and elemental analysis. XRD and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) were employed to examine the structure of LDHs/PMMA nanocomposite. It was indicated that the LDHs layers were well exfoliated and dispersed in the PMMA matrix. The grafting of PMMA onto LDHs was confirmed by the extraction result and the weight fraction of grafted PMMA increased as the weight fraction of LDHs in the nanocomposites increased.

Exchange-coupled hard magnetic Fe-Co/CoPt nanocomposite films fabricated by electro-infiltration

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Xiao Wen

2017-05-01

Full Text Available This paper introduces a potentially scalable electro-infiltration process to produce exchange-coupled hard magnetic nanocomposite thin films. Fe-Co/CoPt nanocomposite films are fabricated by deposition of CoFe2O4 nanoparticles onto Si substrate, followed by electroplating of CoPt. Samples are subsequently annealed under H2 to reduce the CoFe2O4 to magnetically soft Fe-Co and also induce L10 ordering in the CoPt. Resultant films exhibit 0.97 T saturation magnetization, 0.70 T remanent magnetization, 127 kA/m coercivity and 21.8 kJ/m3 maximum energy density. First order reversal curve (FORC analysis and δM plot are used to prove the exchange coupling between soft and hard magnetic phases.

Preparation and characterization of transparent PMMA-cellulose-based nanocomposites.

Science.gov (United States)

Kiziltas, Esra Erbas; Kiziltas, Alper; Bollin, Shannon C; Gardner, Douglas J

2015-01-01

Nanocomposites of polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) and cellulose were made by a solution casting method using acetone as the solvent. The nanofiber networks were prepared using three different types of cellulose nanofibers: (i) nanofibrillated cellulose (NFC), (ii) cellulose nanocrystals (CNC) and (iii) bacterial cellulose from nata de coca (NDC). The loading of cellulose nanofibrils in the PMMA varied between 0.25 and 0.5 wt%. The mechanical properties of the composites were evaluated using a dynamic mechanical thermal analyzer (DMTA). The flexural modulus of the nanocomposites reinforced with NDC at the 0.5 wt% loading level increased 23% compared to that of pure PMMA. The NFC composite also exhibited a slightly increased flexural strength around 60 MPa while PMMA had a flexural strength of 57 MPa. The addition of NDC increased the storage modulus (11%) compared to neat PMMA at room temperature while the storage modulus of PPMA/CNC nanocomposite containing 0.25 and 0.5 wt% cellulose increased about 46% and 260% to that of the pure PMMA at the glass transition temperature, respectively. Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) indicated that there was no significant change in thermal stability of the composites. The UV-vis transmittance of the CNF nanocomposites decreased by 9% and 27% with the addition of 0.25 wt% CNC and NDC, respectively. This work is intended to spur research and development activity for application of CNF reinforced PMMA nanocomposites in applications such as: packaging, flexible screens, optically transparent films and light-weight transparent materials for ballistic protection. Copyright © 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Magnetically Separable Fe2O3/g-C3N4 Nanocomposites with Cocoon-Like Shape: Magnetic Properties and Photocatalytic Activities

Science.gov (United States)

Yu, Xiaojia; Yang, Xiaoyu; Li, Guang

2018-01-01

We report magnetically separable Fe2O3/g-C3N4 nanocomposites as a photocatalyst under visible-light irradiation in this study. The Fe2O3/g-C3N4 nanocomposites were synthesized through a two-step hydrothermal method. The Fe2O3 with cocoon-like shape was obviously dispersed on the surface of g-C3N4 with porous and layered nanostructure as seen from micrographs of the particles. Furthermore, the magnetic conversion of the samples was studied via vibrating sample magnetometer technology. It was found that the saturated magnetization Ms of the Fe2O3/g-C3N4 nanoparticles obviously decreased in the presence of g-C3N4, and the photocatalytic activity of the samples investigated by degrading Rhodamine B suggested that the Fe2O3/g-C3N4 photocatalyst was prior to the pure Fe2O3 and g-C3N4 samples. In addition, the magnetically separable ability of Fe2O3/g-C3N4 nanocomposites was efficiently exhibited by an external magnet.

In situ synthesis of graphene/cobalt nanocomposites and their magnetic properties

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Ji Zhenyuan; Shen Xiaoping; Song You; Zhu Guoxing

2011-01-01

Graphene, which possesses unique nanostructure and excellent properties, is considered as a low cost alternative to carbon nanotubes in nanocomposites. In this study, we present a simple in situ approach for the deposition of cobalt (Co) nanoparticles onto surfaces of graphene sheets by hydrazine hydrate reduction. The as-synthesized composites were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and thermogravimetry and differential scanning calorimetry. It was shown that the as-formed Co nanoparticles were densely and homogeneously deposited on the surfaces of the graphene sheets and as a result, the restacking of the as-reduced graphene sheets was effectively inhibited. Magnetic studies reveal that the graphene/Co nanocomposite displays ferromagnetic behavior with saturation magnetizations of 53.4 emu g -1 , remanent magnetization of 6.0 emu g -1 and coercivity of 226 Oe at room temperature, which make it promising for practical applications in future nanotechnology.

Mechanical and magnetic properties of Mn-Pt compounds and nanocomposites

Czech Academy of Sciences Publication Activity Database

Káňa, Tomáš; Šob, Mojmír

2012-01-01

Roč. 85, č. 21 (2012), 214438/1-214438/9 ISSN 1098-0121 R&D Projects: GA AV ČR IAA100100920; GA MŠk(CZ) OC10008; GA ČR(CZ) GAP108/12/0311; GA MŠk(CZ) ED1.1.00/02.0068 Institutional support: RVO:68081723 Keywords : nanocomposites * magnetism * mechanical properties * electronic structure Subject RIV: BM - Solid Matter Physics ; Magnetism Impact factor: 3.767, year: 2012

A magnetically responsive nanocomposite scaffold combined with Schwann cells promotes sciatic nerve regeneration upon exposure to magnetic field

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Liu ZY

2017-10-01

Full Text Available Zhongyang Liu,1,* Shu Zhu,1,* Liang Liu,2,* Jun Ge,3,4,* Liangliang Huang,1 Zhen Sun,1 Wen Zeng,5 Jinghui Huang,1 Zhuojing Luo1 1Department of Orthopedics, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, 2Department of Orthopedics, No 161 Hospital of PLA, Wuhan, Hubei, 3Department of Orthopedics, No 323 Hospital of PLA, Xi’an, Shaanxi, 4Department of Anatomy, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, 5Department of Neurosurgery, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, People’s Republic of China *These authors contributed equally to this work Abstract: Peripheral nerve repair is still challenging for surgeons. Autologous nerve transplantation is the acknowledged therapy; however, its application is limited by the scarcity of available donor nerves, donor area morbidity, and neuroma formation. Biomaterials for engineering artificial nerves, particularly materials combined with supportive cells, display remarkable promising prospects. Schwann cells (SCs are the absorbing seeding cells in peripheral nerve engineering repair; however, the attenuated biologic activity restricts their application. In this study, a magnetic nanocomposite scaffold fabricated from magnetic nanoparticles and a biodegradable chitosan–glycerophosphate polymer was made. Its structure was evaluated and characterized. The combined effects of magnetic scaffold (MG with an applied magnetic field (MF on the viability of SCs and peripheral nerve injury repair were investigated. The magnetic nanocomposite scaffold showed tunable magnetization and degradation rate. The MGs synergized with the applied MF to enhance the viability of SCs after transplantation. Furthermore, nerve regeneration and functional recovery were promoted by the synergism of SCs-loaded MGs and MF. Based on the current findings, the combined application of MGs and SCs with applied MF is a promising therapy for the engineering of peripheral

Magnetic and luminescent properties of Fe/Fe{sub 3}O{sub 4}-Y{sub 2}O{sub 3}:Eu nanocomposites

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Wang Qin [College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012 (China); College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot (China); Yang Xuwei; Yu Lianxiang [College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012 (China); Yang Hua, E-mail: huayang86@sina.com [College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012 (China)

2011-09-15

Highlights: > We synthesize multifunctional Fe/Fe{sub 3}O{sub 4}-Y{sub 2}O{sub 3}:Eu nanocomposites. > The luminescent and magnetic properties of the nanocomposites are researched. > The nanocomposites showed both ferrimagnetic behavior and unique europium fluorescence properties with high emission intensity. > The spectra changes induced by the UV light irradiation and the magnetic field have been systematically studied and compared in detail. > And the hysteresis curve changes induced by the UV light irradiation have been discussed. - Abstract: Multifunctional nanocomposites with Fe/Fe{sub 3}O{sub 4} nanoparticles as the core and europium-doped yttrium oxide (Y{sub 2}O{sub 3}:Eu) as the shell (Fe/Fe{sub 3}O{sub 4}-Y{sub 2}O{sub 3}:Eu) have been obtained successfully employing a solvothermal method. The nanocomposites showed both ferrimagnetic behavior and unique europium fluorescence properties with high emission intensity. The spectra changes induced by the UV light irradiation and the magnetic field have been systematically studied and compared in detail. The relationship between fluorescence and magnetic properties of the multifunctional nanocomposites has been investigated in our manuscript. These multifunctional nanocomposites could be used in a number of biomedical applications, such as drug targeting, cell separation and bioimaging.

Au Based Nanocomposites Towards Plasmonic Applications

Science.gov (United States)

Panniello, A.; Curri, M. L.; Placido, T.; Reboud, V.; Kehagias, N.; Sotomayor Torres, C. M.; Mecerreyes, D.; Agostiano, A.; Striccoli, M.

2010-06-01

Incorporation of nano-sized metals in polymers can transfer their unique features to the host matrix, providing nanocomposite materials with improved optical, electric, magnetic and mechanical properties. In this work, colloidal Au nanorods have been incorporated into PMMA based random co-polymer, properly functionalized with amino groups and the optical and morphological properties of the resulting nanocomposite have been investigated by spectroscopic and AFM measurements. Au nanorods have demonstrated to preserve the plasmon absorption and to retain morphological features upon the incorporation, thus making the final metal modified polymer composite exploitable for the fabrication of plasmonic devices. The prepared nanocomposites have been then patterned by Nano Imprint Lithography technique in order to demonstrate the viability of the materials towards optical applications.

Rapid magnetic hardening by rapid thermal annealing in NdFeB-based nanocomposites

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Chu, K.-T.; Jin, Z Q; Chakka, Vamsi M; Liu, J P [Department of Physics, University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, TX 76019 (United States)

2005-11-21

A systematic study of heat treatments and magnetic hardening of NdFeB-based melt-spun nanocomposite ribbons have been carried out. Comparison was made between samples treated by rapid thermal annealing and by conventional furnace annealing. Heating rates up to 200 K s{sup -1} were adopted in the rapid thermal processing. It was observed that magnetic hardening can be realized in an annealing time as short as 1 s. Coercivity of 10.2 kOe in the nanocomposites has been obtained by rapid thermal annealing for 1 s, and prolonged annealing did not give any increase in coercivity. Detailed results on the effects of annealing time, temperature and heating rate have been obtained. The dependence of magnetic properties on the annealing parameters has been investigated. Structural characterization revealed that there is a close correlation between magnetic hardening and nanostructured morphology. The coercivity mechanism was also studied by analysing the magnetization minor loops.

Preparation, characterization, and antibacterial activity studies of silver-loaded poly(styrene-co-acrylic acid) nanocomposites

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Song, Cunfeng [Department of Materials Science and Engineering, College of Materials, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005 (China); Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005 (China); Chang, Ying; Cheng, Ling; Xu, Yiting [Department of Materials Science and Engineering, College of Materials, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005 (China); Chen, Xiaoling, E-mail: tinachen0628@163.com [Department of Endodontics, Xiamen Stomatology Hospital, Teaching Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Xiamen 361003 (China); Zhang, Long; Zhong, Lina [Department of Materials Science and Engineering, College of Materials, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005 (China); Dai, Lizong, E-mail: lzdai@xmu.edu.cn [Department of Materials Science and Engineering, College of Materials, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005 (China)

2014-03-01

A simple method for preparing a new type of stable antibacterial agent was presented. Monodisperse poly(styrene-co-acrylic acid) (PSA) nanospheres, serving as matrices, were synthesized via soap-free emulsion polymerization. Field-emission scanning electron microscopy micrographs indicated that PSA nanospheres have interesting surface microstructures and well-controlled particle size distributions. Silver-loaded poly(styrene-co-acrylic acid) (PSA/Ag-NPs) nanocomposites were prepared in situ through interfacial reduction of silver nitrate with sodium borohydride, and further characterized by transmission electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction. Their effects on antibacterial activity including inhibition zone, minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC), minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC), and bactericidal kinetics were evaluated. In the tests, PSA/Ag-NPs nanocomposites showed excellent antibacterial activity against both gram-positive Staphylococcus aureus and gram-negative Escherichia coli. These nanocomposites are considered to have potential application in antibacterial coatings on biomedical devices to reduce nosocomial infection rates. - Highlights: • A new type of antibacterial agent (PSA/Ag-NPs nanocomposites) was synthesized. • The antibacterial activity against S. aureus and E. coli was studied. • Inhibition zone, MIC, MBC, and bactericidal kinetics were evaluated. • PSA/Ag-NPs nanocomposites showed excellent antibacterial activity.

Reduced graphene oxide/hydroxylated styrene-butadiene-styrene tri-block copolymer electroconductive nanocomposites: Preparation and properties

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Xiong, Yuanqin; Xie, Yanyan [Institute of Polymer Science and Engineering, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082 (China); Zhang, Fan [College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jishou University, Jishou 416000 (China); Ou, Encai; Jiang, Zhuojuan; Ke, Lili; Hu, Ding [Institute of Polymer Science and Engineering, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082 (China); Xu, Weijian, E-mail: weijianxu59@gmail.com [Institute of Polymer Science and Engineering, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082 (China)

2012-08-20

Highlights: Black-Right-Pointing-Pointer RGO/HO-SBS nanocomposites are prepared successfully. Black-Right-Pointing-Pointer The introduction of -OH improves the compatibility between RGO and HO-SBS. Black-Right-Pointing-Pointer RGO disperse homogeneously and form a compact continuous network in matrix (HO-SBS). Black-Right-Pointing-Pointer The percolation threshold of the nanocomposites is of 0.2-0.5 wt% (0.09-0.23 vol%) and its conductivity is up to 1.3 S/m. - Abstract: Flexible and electroconductive nanocomposites based on reduced graphene oxide (RGO) and hydroxylated styrene-butadiene-styrene tri-block copolymer (HO-SBS) were prepared by solution blending method. By the introduction of the groups of -OH and >C=O onto SBS, the compatibility between RGO and SBS was enhanced. Field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HR-TEM) showed that RGO dispersed homogeneously and formed a compact continuous network in matrix (HO-SBS). The addition of RGO improved the thermal stability of the RGO/HO-SBS nanocomposites while slightly lowered the mechanical property. Moreover, RGO gave the nanocomposites a maximum electrical conductivity up to 1.3 S/m.

Training effects induced by cycling of magnetic field in ferromagnetic rich phase-separated nanocomposite manganites

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Das, Kalipada, E-mail: kalipada.das@saha.ac.in; Das, I.

2015-12-01

We have carried out an experimental investigation of magneto-transport and magnetic properties of charge-ordered Pr{sub 0.67}Ca{sub 0.33}MnO{sub 3} (PCMO) and ferromagnetic La{sub 0.67}Sr{sub 0.33}MnO{sub 3} (LSMO) nanoparticles along with a nanocomposite consisting of those two types of nanoparticles. From the magneto-transport measurements, clear irreversibility is observed in the field dependence of resistance due to magnetic field cycling in the case of PCMO nanoparticles. The value of resistance increases during such a field cycling. However such an irreversibility is absent in the case of LSMO nanoparticles as well as nanocomposites. On the other hand, the magnetic measurements indicate the gradual growth of antiferromagnetic phases in all samples leading to a decrease in magnetization. These inconsistencies between magneto-transport and magnetic behaviors are attributed to the magnetic training effects. - Highlights: • The resistance value in Pr{sub 0.67}Ca{sub 0.33}MnO{sub 3} nanoparticles is found to increase owing to the magnetic field cycling. • No anomaly in resistance was found in Pr{sub 0.67}Ca{sub 0.33}MnO{sub 3}–La{sub 0.67}Sr{sub 0.33}MnO{sub 3} nanocomposite. • Magnetic measurements indicate the training effect in nanostructure compounds.

Simple synthesis of graphene nanocomposites MgO-rGO and Fe2O3-rGO for multifunctional applications

Science.gov (United States)

Abdel-Aal, Seham K.; Ionov, Andrey; Mozhchil, R. N.; Naqvi, Alim H.

2018-05-01

Hummer's method was used to prepare graphene oxide (GO) by chemical exfoliation of graphite. Simple precipitation method was used for the preparation of hybrid nanocomposites MgO-rGO and Fe2O3-rGO. A 0.3 Molar of corresponding metal nitrate solution and GO solution are used for the preparation process. XRD, FT-IR, and XPS were used to characterize the prepared nanocomposites. The reduction of GO into reduced rGO in the formed nanocomposites was confirmed. Morphological characterization showed the formation of needle-shaped nanocrystals of MgO successfully grown on graphene nanosheet with average crystallite size 8.4 nm. Hematite nanocomposite Fe2O3-rGO forms rod-shaped crystals with average crystallite size 27.5 nm. The saturation magnetization observed for Fe2O3-rGO is less than reported value for the pure Fe2O3 nanoparticles. Thermal properties of as-prepared hybrid nanocomposites MgO-rGO and Fe2O3-rGO showed thermal stability of the prepared nanocomposite over long range of temperature.

Design of Magnetic Gelatine/Silica Nanocomposites by Nanoemulsification: Encapsulation versus in Situ Growth of Iron Oxide Colloids

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Joachim Allouche

2014-07-01

Full Text Available The design of magnetic nanoparticles by incorporation of iron oxide colloids within gelatine/silica hybrid nanoparticles has been performed for the first time through a nanoemulsion route using the encapsulation of pre-formed magnetite nanocrystals and the in situ precipitation of ferrous/ferric ions. The first method leads to bi-continuous hybrid nanocomposites containing a limited amount of well-dispersed magnetite colloids. In contrast, the second approach allows the formation of gelatine-silica core-shell nanostructures incorporating larger amounts of agglomerated iron oxide colloids. Both magnetic nanocomposites exhibit similar superparamagnetic behaviors. Whereas nanocomposites obtained via an in situ approach show a strong tendency to aggregate in solution, the encapsulation route allows further surface modification of the magnetic nanocomposites, leading to quaternary gold/iron oxide/silica/gelatine nanoparticles. Hence, such a first-time rational combination of nano-emulsion, nanocrystallization and sol-gel chemistry allows the elaboration of multi-component functional nanomaterials. This constitutes a step forward in the design of more complex bio-nanoplatforms.

Strength and Magnetism of Nanocomposites Formed by 3D-Metal Nanochains Embedded in a Non-Magnetic Matrix

Czech Academy of Sciences Publication Activity Database

Káňa, Tomáš; Šob, Mojmír

2011-01-01

Roč. 8, Suppl. 1 (2011), s. 1033-1034 ISSN 1708-5284 R&D Projects: GA ČR GD106/09/H035; GA AV ČR IAA100100920 Institutional research plan: CEZ:AV0Z20410507 Institutional support: RVO:68081723 Keywords : nanocomposites * ab initio * mechanical properties * magnetism Subject RIV: BM - Solid Matter Physics ; Magnetism

The preparation and characteristic of poly (3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene)/reduced graphene oxide nanocomposite and its application for supercapacitor electrode

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Mao, Xiling [State Key Laboratory of Electronic Thin Films and Integrated Devices, School of Optoelectronic Information, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China (UESTC), Chengdu 610054 (China); Yang, Wenyao [School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Engineering Research Center of Electronic Information Technology and Application, Chongqing University of Arts and Sciences, Chongqing 402160 (China); He, Xin; Chen, Yan; Zhao, Yuetao; Zhou, Yujiu; Yang, Yajie [State Key Laboratory of Electronic Thin Films and Integrated Devices, School of Optoelectronic Information, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China (UESTC), Chengdu 610054 (China); Xu, Jianhua, E-mail: jianhuaxu8023@126.com [State Key Laboratory of Electronic Thin Films and Integrated Devices, School of Optoelectronic Information, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China (UESTC), Chengdu 610054 (China)

2017-02-15

Highlights: • A facile method to prepare PEDOT/rGO nanocomposite. • Taking full advantages of electrochemical polymerization and laser-writing methods. • The PEDOT/rGO nanocomposite possesses excellent electrochemical properties. - Abstract: Here we demonstrate a facile electrochemical polymerization and laser induction process to fabricate poly (3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene)/reduced graphene oxide (PEDOT/rGO) nanocomposite, which can be used as supercapacitor electrode material. Firstly, a PEDOT film is deposited on ITO substrate using an electrochemical polymerization method and a graphene oxide (GO) film is successively deposited on as-prepared PEDOT film through a spin-coating method. Then, by using a laser-writing method, the GO film is transformed into the rGO and a PEDOT/rGO nanocomposite is obtained. The resulting nanocomposite shows high areal capacitance about 43.75 mF/cm{sup 2}, which is nearly 3 times higher than that of the PEDOT film at a current density of 0.2 mA/cm{sup 2}. The PEDOT/rGO nanocomposite exhibits excellent cyclic stability, which can retain 83.6% of its initial capacitance after 1000 charge-discharge cycles. Furthermore, this nanocomposite can be deposited on varied substrates as electrode materials, which shows promising application to prepare high performance energy storage materials.

Structure and Properties of Nanocomposites based on PTT-block-PTMO Copolymer and Graphene Oxide prepared by in Situ Polymerization

OpenAIRE

Paszkiewicz, Sandra; Szymczyk, Anna; Špitalský, Zdenko; Mosnáček, Jaroslav; Kwiatkowski, Konrad; Rosłaniec, Zbigniew

2014-01-01

Poly(trimethylene terephthalate-block-tetramethylene oxide) (PTT-PTMO) copolymer/graphene oxide nanocomposites were prepared by in situ polymerization. From the SEM and TEM images of PTT-PTMO/GO nanocomposite, it can be seen that GO sheets are clearly well-dispersed in the PTT-PTMO matrix. TEM images also showed that graphene was well exfoliated into individual sheets, suggesting that in situ polymerization is a highly efficient method for preparing nanocomposites. The influence of GO on the ...

Preparation and properties of chitosan nanocomposite films reinforced by poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene)-poly(styrenesulfonate) treated carbon nanotubes

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Wu Tongfei; Pan Yongzheng; Bao Hongqian; Li Lin

2011-01-01

Highlights: → Chitosan-based nanocomposites prepared from PEDOT-PSS treated MWCNTs. → PEDOT-PSS served as a bridge to improve the dispersion of MWCNTs and interfacial compatibility between MWCNTs and chitosan. → The mechanical properties of chitosan were significantly improved by PEDOT-PSS treated MWCNTs at a small loading. - Abstract: Carbon nanotube-based nanocomposites of chitosan were successfully prepared by a simple solution-evaporation method. Multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) were treated by poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene)-poly(styrenesulfonate)(PEDOT-PSS) in water before mixed with a chitosan solution to improve the dispersion of MWCNTs and interfacial compatibility between MWCNTs and chitosan. The morphological and mechanical properties of the prepared PEDOT-PSS/MWCNT/chitosan nanocomposites have been characterized with field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) and tensile tests. MWCNTs were observed to be homogeneously dispersed throughout the chitosan matrix. As compared with the neat chitosan, the tensile strength and modulus of the nanocomposite were greatly improved by about 61% and 34%, respectively, with incorporation of only 0.5 wt.% of MWCNTs into the chitosan matrix. The comparison of mechanical properties for PEDOT-PSS/MWCNT/chitosan and pristine MWCNT/chitosan nanocomposites has been made. The hardness of the nanocomposites was also evaluated by nanoindentation.

Silicon-containing polymer-derived ceramic nanocomposites (PDC-NCs): preparative approaches and properties.

Science.gov (United States)

Ionescu, Emanuel; Kleebe, Hans-Joachim; Riedel, Ralf

2012-08-07

Composites consist by definition of at least two materials (Gibbsian phases) with rather different properties. They exhibit a heterogeneous microstructure and possess improved properties with respect to their components. Furthermore, the design of their microstructure allows for tailoring their overall properties. In the last decades, intense work was performed on the synthesis of nanocomposites, which have the feature that at least one of their components is nanoscaled. However, the microstructure-property relationship of nanocomposite materials is still a challenging topic. This tutorial review paper deals with a special class of nanocomposites, i.e. polymer-derived ceramic nanocomposites (PDC-NCs), which have been shown to be promising materials for various structural and functional applications. Within this context, different preparative approaches for PDC-NCs as well as some of their properties will be presented and discussed. Furthermore, recent results concerning the relationship between the nano/microstructure of PDC-NCs and their properties will be highlighted.

Ziegler-Natta catalysts for the preparation of polypropylene clay nanocomposites from magnesium ethoxide

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Marques, Maria de Fatima V.; Silva, Micheli G. da; Ferreira, Ana Luiza R.

2009-01-01

In the present work, the process for the preparation of Ziegler-Natta catalysts based on MgCl 2 /TiCl 4 was evaluated on the synthesis of isotactic polypropylene. The catalysts were produced by the chemical activation process aiming the morphology control, in order to obtain catalyst particles with spherical form. The synthesis of the catalytic support was accomplished from magnesium ethoxide at different preparation conditions. Commercial clays were also added in the preparation of ZN catalysts, which were employed in propylene polymerization. The purpose was to synthesizing polypropylene nanocomposites by in situ polymerization technique. The results indicated that the developed methods of catalyst preparation were effective, since they have shown high activities and they produced PP with high melting temperatures. It was possible to verify by XRD that the catalytic components were inserted in the clays galleries and the polymers obtained by means of those catalysts are possibly exfoliated nanocomposites. (author)

Microwave-Assisted Synthesis of CuFe2O4 Nanoparticles and Starch-Based Magnetic Nanocomposites

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Gh. Nabiyouni

2013-06-01

Full Text Available Magnetic CuFe2O4 nanoparticles were synthesized by a facile microwave-assisted reaction between Cu(NO32 and Fe(NO33. The magnetic nanoparticles were added to starch to make magnetic polymeric nanocomposite. The nanoparticles and nanocomposites were characterized using X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy. The magnetic properties of the samples were investigated using an alternating gradient force magnetometer (AGFM. The copper ferrite nanoparticles exhibited ferromagnetic behavior at room temperature, with a saturation magnetization of 29emu/g and a coercivity of 136 Oe. The distribution of the CuFe2O4 nanoparticles into the polymeric matrixes decreases the coercivity (136 Oe to 66 Oe. The maximum coercivity of 82 Oe was found for 15% of CuFe2O4 distributed to the starch matrix.

FE3O4@SIO2-OSO3H NANOCOMPOSITE AS AN EFFICIENT CATALYST FOR THE PREPARATION OF TRICARBOXAMIDES

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Mohammad Ali Ghasemzadeh

Full Text Available In this research a highly efficient one-pot preparation of tricarboxamide derivatives via five-component reactions of isocyanides, aldehydes Meldrum's acid and 2equiv. of amines have been developed in the presence of Fe3O4@SiO2-OSO3H nanocomposite. Nano-Fe3O4 encapsulated-silica particles bearing sulfonic acid was readily recovered using an external magnet and could be reused several times without significant loss of reactivity. The catalyst was fully characterized by VSM, FT-IR, SEM, XRD, EDX and TEM analysis.

Preparation and Characterization of P(AN-VAc-PMMT Nanocomposites and Nanofibers

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Jun Liu

2014-01-01

Full Text Available P(AN-VAc-PMMT nanocomposites were prepared using in situ emulsion polymerization and further confirmed by FTIR. A polymerizable quaternary ammonium ion monomer was used to modify montmorillonite. XRD testing showed that the quaternary ammonium ion was successfully intercalated into the montmorillonite chip layer. This is the first paper to discuss an investigation of P(AN-VAc-PMMT nanofiber morphology using SEM. The fibers were prepared through electrospinning.

Interaction effects in magnetic oxide nanoparticle systems

Indian Academy of Sciences (India)

The interaction effects in magnetic nanoparticle system were studied through a Monte Carlo simulation. The results of simulations were compared with two different magnetic systems, namely, iron oxide polymer nanocomposites prepared by polymerization over core and nanocrystalline cobalt ferrite thin films prepared by ...

Preparation and characterization of polymer nanocomposites based on chitosan and clay minerals

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Fiori, Ana Paula Santos de Melo; Gabiraba, Victor Parizio; Praxedes, Ana Paula Perdigao; Nunes, Marcelo Ramon da Silva; Balliano, Tatiane L.; Silva, Rosanny Christhinny da; Tonholo, Josealdo; Ribeiro, Adriana Santos

2014-01-01

In this work nanocomposites based on chitosan and different clays were prepared using polyethyleneglycol (PEG) as plasticizer. The samples obtained were characterized by Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), X-Ray Diffraction (XRD), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA/DTG) and by mechanical characterization (tensile test) with the aim of investigating the interactions between chitosan and clay. The nanocomposite films prepared using sodium bentonite (Ben) showed an increase of 81.2% in the maximum tensile stress values and a decrease of 16.0% in the Young’s modulus when compared to the chitosan with PEG (QuiPEG) films, evidencing that the introduction of the clay into the polymer matrix provided a more flexible and resistant film, whose elongation at break was 93.6% higher than for the QuiPEG film. (author)

Polymer encapsulated upconversion nanoparticle/iron oxide nanocomposites for multimodal imaging and magnetic targeted drug delivery.

Science.gov (United States)

Xu, Huan; Cheng, Liang; Wang, Chao; Ma, Xinxing; Li, Yonggang; Liu, Zhuang

2011-12-01

Multimodal imaging and imaging-guided therapies have become a new trend in the current development of cancer theranostics. In this work, we encapsulate hydrophobic upconversion nanoparticles (UCNPs) together with iron oxide nanoparticles (IONPs) by using an amphiphilic block copolymer, poly (styrene-block-allyl alcohol) (PS(16)-b-PAA(10)), via a microemulsion method, obtaining an UC-IO@Polymer multi-functional nanocomposite system. Fluorescent dye and anti-cancer drug molecules can be further loaded inside the UC-IO@Polymer nanocomposite for additional functionalities. Utilizing the Squaraine (SQ) dye loaded nanocomposite (UC-IO@Polymer-SQ), triple-modal upconversion luminescence (UCL)/down-conversion fluorescence (FL)/magnetic resonance (MR) imaging is demonstrated in vitro and in vivo, and also applied for in vivo cancer cell tracking in mice. On the other hand, a chemotherapy drug, doxorubicin, is also loaded into the nanocomposite, forming an UC-IO@Polymer-DOX complex, which enables novel imaging-guided and magnetic targeted drug delivery. Our work provides a method to fabricate a nanocomposite system with highly integrated functionalities for multimodal biomedical imaging and cancer therapy. Copyright © 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Mixed-conducting polyaniline-Fuller's Earth nanocomposites prepared by stepwise intercalation

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Rajapakse, R.M.G. [Department of Chemistry, University of Peradeniya, Peradeniya (Sri Lanka)]. E-mail: rmgr@pdn.ac.lk; Krishantha, D.M.M. [Department of Chemistry, University of Peradeniya, Peradeniya (Sri Lanka); Tennakoon, D.T.B. [Department of Chemistry, University of Peradeniya, Peradeniya (Sri Lanka); Dias, H.V.R. [Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, TX 76019-0065 (United States)

2006-02-25

A series of polyaniline-Fuller's Earth (PANI-FE) nanocomposites were prepared by the successive intercalation of anilinium ions followed by polymerisation within the interlayer spaces of Fuller's Earth (a type of calcium montmorillonite). The first member in the series is prepared by exchanging the calcium ions in Fuller's Earth for ammonium ions and subsequently for anilinium ions and polymerising the latter using an externally introduced oxidant. The emeraldine salt form of polyaniline formed is then neutralised with ammonium hydroxide and more anilinium ions are exchanged for ammonium ions and polymerised to get the second member. In this manner, by making use the unique chemistry of clay and polyniline, four members of PANI-FE are prepared. In the last member, the negative layer charges of Fuller's Earth is completely neutralised by the positive charges of the polymer. The extent of polymer loading in each stage, the effect polymer has on the host structure and the electronic and ionic components of the conductivities of the new PANI-FE nanocomposites are investigated. The Fe(III) sites in FE are capable of spontaneously polymerising aniline within its intergalleries. The extent of spontaneous polymerisation is limited by the amount of Fe(III) present in the FE. The deliberate polymerisation of remaining anilinium ions by externally introduced oxidant results in highly conductive emeraldine salt-FE (EMS-FE) nanocomposites. The FE host accommodates higher amount of emeraldine salt and the repetitive insertions of the polymer could be done four times for complete layer charge neutralisation whereas with Bentonite the layer charge saturation takes place with three successive insertions. The new EMS-FE nanocomposites exhibit more than order of magnitude greater tuneable ionic and electronic conductivities compared to those of the same polymer incorporated in Bentonite.

The microstructure and magnetic properties of anisotropic polycrystalline Nd2Fe14B nanoflakes prepared by surfactant-assisted cryomilling

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Liu, Lidong; Zhang, Jian; Xia, Weixing; Du, Juan; Yan, Aru; Ping Liu, J; Li, Wei; Guo, Zhaohui

2014-01-01

A new method for fabricating rare-earth-transition metal nanoflakes and nanoparticles, surfactant-assisted cryomilling (SACM), was developed. The effects of milling temperature on the particle size, microstructure and magnetic performance of Nd 2 Fe 14 B nanoflakes were investigated systematically. Compared with Nd 2 Fe 14 B nanoflakes prepared by surfactant-assisted ball milling (SABM) at room temperature, the samples prepared by SACM showed more intriguing features such as smaller particle sizes, larger microstrain, smaller grain size and higher coercivity, which were ascribed to a higher defect concentration generated in the nanoflakes. The optimal coercivity of the samples prepared by SACM was about 50% higher than that of the samples milled at room temperature. It is demonstrated that SACM is an effective way to prepare rare-earth-transition metal nanoflakes with higher coercivity and smaller particle size. These findings are of importance for research on sintered magnets and high-performance nanocomposite magnets. (papers)

A new kinetic–mechanistic approach to elucidate electrooxidation of doxorubicin hydrochloride in unprocessed human fluids using magnetic graphene based nanocomposite modified glassy carbon electrode

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Soleymani, Jafar [Hematology–Oncology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz 51664 (Iran, Islamic Republic of); Hasanzadeh, Mohammad, E-mail: Mhmmd_hasanzadeh@yahoo.com [Drug Applied Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz (Iran, Islamic Republic of); Shadjou, Nasrin [Department of Nanochemistry, Nano Technology Center, and Faculty of Chemistry, Urmia University, Urmia (Iran, Islamic Republic of); Khoubnasab Jafari, Maryam [Tuberculosis and Lung Disease Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz (Iran, Islamic Republic of); Gharamaleki, Jalil Vaez [Hematology–Oncology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz 51664 (Iran, Islamic Republic of); Yadollahi, Mehdi [Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Tabriz University, Tabriz (Iran, Islamic Republic of); Jouyban, Abolghasem [Pharmaceutical Analysis Research Center and Faculty of Pharmacy, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz (Iran, Islamic Republic of)

2016-04-01

A novel magnetic nanocomposite was synthesized in one step using polymerization of magnetic graph oxide grafted with chlorosulfonic acid (Fe{sub 3}O{sub 4}–GO–SO{sub 3}H) in the presence of polystyrene. The prepared magnetic nanocomposite was characterized using transmission electron microscopy (TEM), dynamic differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), (Thermo-gravimetric/differential thermal analysis (DTA)), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), and UV–Vis techniques. Magnetic nanocomposite was casted on the surface of the glassy carbon electrode (PS/Fe{sub 3}O{sub 4}–GO–SO{sub 3}H/GCE) and used for the detection and determination of doxorubicin hydrochloride (DOX) in human biological fluids. The cyclic voltammograms (CVs) of the modified electrode in aqueous solution displayed a pair of well-defined, stable and irreversible reductive/oxidation redox systems. CV study indicated that the oxidation process is irreversible and adsorption controlled. In addition, CV results indicated that DOX is oxidized via two electrons and three protons which is an unusual approach for the oxidation of DOX. A sensitive and time-saving procedure was developed for the analysis of DOX in plasma, cerebrospinal fluid, and urine with detection limit of 4.9 nM, 14 nM and 4.3 nM, respectively. - Highlights: • A novel magneto-polymeric nanocomposite (PS/Fe{sub 3}O{sub 4}–GO–SO{sub 3}H) was synthesized. • Application of PS/Fe{sub 3}O{sub 4}–GO–SO{sub 3}H toward detection of DOX was investigated by electrochemistry. • A new kinetic–mechanistic approach to elucidate electrooxidation of DOX was obtained. • DOX was detected in plasma, cerebrospinal fluid, and urine.

Interaction of electromagnetic radiation with magnetically functionalized CNT nanocomposite in the subterahertz frequency range

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Atdaev, A.; Danilyuk, A. L.; Labunov, V. A.; Prischepa, S. L., E-mail: prischepa@bsuir.by [Belarusian State University of Informatics and Radioelectronics (Belarus); Pavlov, A. A. [Russian Academy of Sciences, Institute of Microelectronics Nanotechnologies (Russian Federation); Basaev, A. S.; Shaman, Yu. P. [SMC Technological Center (Russian Federation)

2016-12-15

The interaction of electromagnetic radiation with a magnetically functionalized nanocomposite based on carbon nanotubes (CNTs) is considered using the model of random distribution of ferromagnetic nanoparticles in the carbon matrix characterized by the presence of resistive–inductive–capacitive coupling (contours). The model is based on the representation of the nanocomposite as a system consisting of the CNT matrix, ferromagnetic nanoparticles, and the interfaces between CNTs and nanoparticles. The wide range of possible resonant phenomena caused both by the presence of contours and the properties of the CNT nanocomposite is shown.

Fully dense anisotropic nanocomposite Sm(Co,Fe,Zr,Cu,B)z (z=7.5-12) magnets

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Huang, M.Q.; Turgut, Z.; Wheeler, B.; Lee, D.; Liu, S.; Ma, B.M.; Peng, Y.G.; Chu, S.Y.; Laughlin, D.E.; Horwath, J.C.; Fingers, R.T.

2005-01-01

Fully dense anisotropic nanocomposite Sm(Co 0.58 Fe 0.31 Zr 0.05 Cu 0.04 B 0.02 ) z (z=7.5-12) magnets have been synthesized via rapid hot pressing and hot deformation processes. The highest (BH) max ∼10.6 MGOe was observed for a magnet with z=10. X-ray diffraction and M-H measurements indicated that the easy magnetization direction of magnets prefers to be in the hot pressing direction. Transmission electron microscopy investigation confirmed that plastic deformation is an important route for forming magnetic anisotropy in the Sm-Co-type nanocomposite magnets. Some stripe and/or platelike patterns have been observed inside the nanograins (50-200 nm), which may present as twins, and stacking faults. The (0001) twins have been observed in the 2:17R phase

Nanocomposite metal/plasma polymer films prepared by means of gas aggregation cluster source

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Polonskyi, O.; Solar, P.; Kylian, O.; Drabik, M.; Artemenko, A.; Kousal, J.; Hanus, J.; Pesicka, J.; Matolinova, I. [Charles University in Prague, Faculty of Mathematics and Physics, V Holesovickach 2, 18000 Prague 8 (Czech Republic); Kolibalova, E. [Tescan, Libusina trida 21, 632 00 Brno (Czech Republic); Slavinska, D. [Charles University in Prague, Faculty of Mathematics and Physics, V Holesovickach 2, 18000 Prague 8 (Czech Republic); Biederman, H., E-mail: bieder@kmf.troja.mff.cuni.cz [Charles University in Prague, Faculty of Mathematics and Physics, V Holesovickach 2, 18000 Prague 8 (Czech Republic)

2012-04-02

Nanocomposite metal/plasma polymer films have been prepared by simultaneous plasma polymerization using a mixture of Ar/n-hexane and metal cluster beams. A simple compact cluster gas aggregation source is described and characterized with emphasis on the determination of the amount of charged clusters and their size distribution. It is shown that the fraction of neutral, positively and negatively charged nanoclusters leaving the gas aggregation source is largely influenced by used operational conditions. In addition, it is demonstrated that a large portion of Ag clusters is positively charged, especially when higher currents are used for their production. Deposition of nanocomposite Ag/C:H plasma polymer films is described in detail by means of cluster gas aggregation source. Basic characterization of the films is performed using transmission electron microscopy, ultraviolet-visible and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopies. It is shown that the morphology, structure and optical properties of such prepared nanocomposites differ significantly from the ones fabricated by means of magnetron sputtering of Ag target in Ar/n-hexane mixture.

Evaluation of PHB nanocomposite by low field NMR

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Silva, Mariana Bruno Rocha e; Tavares, Maria Ines Bruno

2009-01-01

Poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) (PHB) based on nanocomposites containing different amounts of a commercial organically modified clay (viscogel B8) were prepared employing solution intercalation method. The relationship among the processing conditions; molecular structure and intermolecular interaction, between both nanocomposite components, were investigated using a nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), as a part of characterization methodology, which has been used by Tavares et al. It involves the proton spin-lattice relaxation time, T1 H, by solid state nuclear magnetic resonance, employing low field NMR. X-ray diffraction was also employed because it is a conventional technique, generally used to obtain the first information on nanocomposite formation. Changes in PHB crystallinity were observed after the organophilic nanoclay had been incorporated in the polymer matrix. These changes, in the microstructure, were detected by the variation of proton nuclear relaxation time values and by X-ray, which showed an increase in the clay interlamellar space due to the intercalation of the polymer in the clay between lamellae. (author)

In situ preparation of magnetic nanocomposites of goethite in a styrene-maleimide copolymer template

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Sepulveda-Guzman, S.; Perez-Camacho, O.; Rodriguez-Fernandez, O.; Garcia-Zamora, M.

2005-01-01

Magnetic composites were prepared by in situ precipitation of α-FeOOH (goethite) using a new styrene-co-N-4 carboxybutylmaleimide cross-linked copolymer as template. Thermogravimetric analysis showed iron oxide content in the composites up to 45%. The iron oxide phase was identified as goethite by X-ray diffraction analysis. Transmission electron microscopy revealed that the crosslinking extent of polymeric templates affected both the shape and dimension of the goethite particles, and consequently, the magnetic behavior of the polymer/iron oxide composites

Properties of Eco-friendly Acrylic Resin/Clay Nanocomposites Prepared by Non-aqueous Dispersion (NAD) Polymerization

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Kim, Yeongho; Lee, Minho; Jeon, Hyeon Yeol; Min, Byong Hun; Kim, Jeong Ho [Univ. of Suwon, Hwaseong (Korea, Republic of); Lee, Young Chul [Korea Institute of Industrial Technology, Seoul (Korea, Republic of)

2016-02-15

Eco-friendly acrylic resin/clay nanocomposites containing pristine montmorillonite (PM) or modified clays (30B and 25A) were prepared from acrylic and styrenic monomers using non-aqueous dispersion (NAD) polymerization. Effect of nanoclays on physical properties of polymerization product and resulting nanocomposites was investigated. In view of NAD particle stability, addition of nanoclay at the beginning of polymerization is proved to be good. Results of gel fraction, acid value and viscosity of the NAD product showed that nanocomposites containing clay 25A showed better physical properties than the ones with other clays. GPC results exhibit the increase in molecular weight and decrease in polydispersity index for the 25A nanocomposite. Increase in layer distance confirmed from XRD analysis showed good dispersion of 25A in the nanocomposite. Thermal and dynamic mechanical analysis showed that highest glass transition temperature and storage modulus for 25A nanocomposites. These results indicate that 25A nanoclay gives the best properties in the process of non-aqueous dispersion polymerization of acrylic resin/nanoclay nanocomposites.

Properties of Eco-friendly Acrylic Resin/Clay Nanocomposites Prepared by Non-aqueous Dispersion (NAD) Polymerization

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Kim, Yeongho; Lee, Minho; Jeon, Hyeon Yeol; Min, Byong Hun; Kim, Jeong Ho; Lee, Young Chul

2016-01-01

Eco-friendly acrylic resin/clay nanocomposites containing pristine montmorillonite (PM) or modified clays (30B and 25A) were prepared from acrylic and styrenic monomers using non-aqueous dispersion (NAD) polymerization. Effect of nanoclays on physical properties of polymerization product and resulting nanocomposites was investigated. In view of NAD particle stability, addition of nanoclay at the beginning of polymerization is proved to be good. Results of gel fraction, acid value and viscosity of the NAD product showed that nanocomposites containing clay 25A showed better physical properties than the ones with other clays. GPC results exhibit the increase in molecular weight and decrease in polydispersity index for the 25A nanocomposite. Increase in layer distance confirmed from XRD analysis showed good dispersion of 25A in the nanocomposite. Thermal and dynamic mechanical analysis showed that highest glass transition temperature and storage modulus for 25A nanocomposites. These results indicate that 25A nanoclay gives the best properties in the process of non-aqueous dispersion polymerization of acrylic resin/nanoclay nanocomposites

Magnetic Performance of a Nanocomposite Permanent Material

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Liu Min; Han Guang-Bing; Gao Ru-Wei

2011-01-01

We build a sandwiched structure model in which the intergranular phase (IP) is homogeneously distributed between soft and hard magnetic grains, and gives a continuously anisotropic expression of the coupling part under the assumption that the IP weakens the intergrain exchange-coupling interaction. Based on the idea that the hardening mechanism is of the pinning type, we calculate the effect of the IP's thickness d and its anisotropy constant K 1 (0) on the intrinsic coercivity of a nanocomposite permanent material. The calculated results indicate that the domain wall goes twice through irreversible domain wall displacement during the process of moving from soft to hard magnetic grains, and the intrinsic coercivity increases with increasing d, but decreases with increasing K 1 (0). When d and K 1 (0) take 2 nm and 0.7K h , respectively, with K h being the anisotropy constant in the inner part of the hard magnetic grain, the calculated intrinsic coercivity is in good agreement with the experimental data. (condensed matter: electronic structure, electrical, magnetic, and optical properties)

Microstructure and magnetic properties of FePt:Ag nanocomposite films on SiO2/Si(1 0 0)

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Wang Hao; Yang, F.J.; Wang, H.B.; Cao, X.; Xue, S.X.; Wang, J.A.; Gao, Y.; Huang, Z.B.; Yang, C.P.; Chiah, M.F.; Cheung, W.Y.; Wong, S.P.; Li, Q.; Li, Z.Y.

2006-01-01

FePt:Ag nanocomposite films were prepared by pulsed filtered vacuum arc deposition system and subsequent rapid thermal annealing on SiO 2 /Si(1 0 0) substrates. The microstructure and magnetic properties were investigated. A strong dependence of coercivity and ordering of the face-central tetragonal structure on both Ag concentration and annealing temperature was observed. With Ag concentration of 22% in atomic ratio, the coercivity got to 6.0 kOe with a grain size of 6.7 nm when annealing temperature was 400 deg. C

Ethylene-Octene Copolymers/Organoclay Nanocomposites: Preparation and Properties

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Alice Tesarikova

2016-01-01

Full Text Available Two ethylene-octene copolymers with 17 and 45 wt.% of octene (EOC-17 and EOC-45 were compared in nanocomposites with Cloisite 93A. EOC-45 nanocomposites have a higher elongation at break. Dynamical mechanical analysis (DMA showed a decrease of tan⁡δ with frequency for EOC-17 nanocomposites, but decrease is followed by an increase for EOC-45 nanocomposites; DMA showed also increased modulus for all nanocomposites compared to pure copolymers over a wide temperature range. Barrier properties were improved about 100% by addition of organoclay; they were better for EOC-17 nanocomposites due to higher crystallinity. X-ray diffraction (XRD together with transmission electron microscopy (TEM showed some intercalation for EOC-17 but much better dispersion for EOC-45 nanocomposites. Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC showed increased crystallization temperature Tc for EOC-17 nanocomposite (aggregates acted as nucleation agents but decrease Tc for EOC-45 nanocomposite together with greatly influenced melting peak. Accelerated UV aging showed smaller C=O peak for EOC-45 nanocomposites.

Multifunctional Polymer Nanocomposites

Science.gov (United States)

Galaska, Alexandra Maria; Song, Haixiang; Guo, Zhanhu

With more awareness of energy conversion/storage and saving, different strategies have been developed to utilize the sustainable and renewable energy. Introducing nanoscale fillers can make inert polymer matrix possess unique properties to satisfy certain functions. For example, alumina nanoparticles have strengthened the weak thermosetting polymers. A combined mixture of carbon nanofibers and magnetite nanoparticles have made the inert epoxy sensitive for magnetic field for sensing applications. Introducing silica nanoparticles into conductive polymers such as polyaniline has enhanced the giant magnetoresistance behaviors. The introduced nanoparticles have made the transparent polymer have the electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding function while reduce the density significantly. With the desired miniaturization, the materials combining different functionalities have become importantly interesting. In this talk, methodologies to prepare nanocomposites and their effects on the produced nanocomposites will be discussed. A variety of advanced polymer nanocomposites will be introduced. Unique properties including mechanical, electrical, magnetoresistance etc. and the applications for environmental remediation, energy storage/saving, fire retardancy, electromagnetic interference shielding, and electronic devices will be presented.

HER2 Targeted Breast Cancer Therapy with Switchable "Off/On" Multifunctional "Smart" Magnetic Polymer Core-Shell Nanocomposites.

Science.gov (United States)

Vivek, Raju; Thangam, Ramar; Kumar, Selvaraj Rajesh; Rejeeth, Chandrababu; Kumar, Gopal Senthil; Sivasubramanian, Srinivasan; Vincent, Savariar; Gopi, Dhanaraj; Kannan, Soundarapandian

2016-01-27

Multifunctional magnetic polymer nanocombinations are gaining importance in cancer nanotheranostics due to their safety and their potential in delivering targeted functions. Herein, we report a novel multifunctional core-shell magnetic polymer therapeutic nanocomposites (NCs) exhibiting pH dependent "Off-On" release of drug against breast cancer cells. The NCs are intact in blood circulation ("Off" state), i.e., at physiological pH, whereas activated ("On" state) at intracellular acidic pH environment of the targeted breast cancer cells. The NCs are prepared by coating the cannonball (iron nanocore) with hydrophobic nanopockets of pH-responsive poly(d,l-lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) polymer nanoshell that allows efficient loading of therapeutics. Further, the nanocore-polymer shell is stabilized by poly(vinylpyrrolidone) (PVP) and functionalized with a targeting HER2 ligand. The prepared Her-Fe3O4@PLGA-PVP nanocomposites facilitate packing of anticancer drug (Tamoxifen) without premature release in the bloodstream, recognizing the target cells through binding of Herceptin antibody to HER2, a cell surface receptor expressed by breast cancer cells to promote HER2 receptor mediated endocytosis and finally releasing the drug at the intracellular site of tumor cells ("On" state) to induce apoptosis. The therapeutic efficiency of hemo/cytocompatible NCs drug delivery system (DDS) in terms of targeted delivery and sustained release of therapeutic agent against breast cancer cells was substantiated by in vitro and in vivo studies. The multifunctional properties of Her-Tam-Fe3O4@PLGA-PVP NCs may open up new avenues in cancer therapy through overcoming the limitations of conventional cancer therapy.

Preparation of flexible PLA/PEG-POSS nanocomposites by melt blending and radiation crosslinking

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Jung, Chang-Hee; Hwang, In-Tae; Jung, Chan-Hee; Choi, Jae-Hak

2014-01-01

In this study, poly(lactic acid) (PLA)/poly(ethylene glycol)-functionalized polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane (PEG-POSS) nanocomposites with or without triallyl isocyanurate (TAIC) were investigated by melt blending and electron beam irradiation to enhance the flexibility of PLA. Based on the results of the crosslinking degree measurements, the PLA/PEG-POSS nanocomposites were crosslinked by electron beam irradiation in the presence of triallyl isocyanurate (TAIC) and their crosslinking degree reached up to 80% based on the absorbed dose and their compositions. From the results of the FE-SEM and EDX Si-mapping, the crosslinked PLA/PEG-POSS nanocomposites were homogenous without a micro-phase separation or radiation-induced morphological change. Based on the results of the tensile test, the PLA/PEG-POSS nanocomposites containing 15 wt% PEG-POSS exhibited the highest flexibility, and their tensile strength showed a maximum value of 44.5 MPa after electron beam irradiation at an absorbed dose of 100 kGy in the presence of TAIC, which is comparable to non-biodegradable polypropylene. The results of the dynamic mechanical analysis revealed that the crosslinked PLA/PEG-POSS nanocomposites exhibited a higher thermal resistance above their melting temperature in comparison to that of the neat PLA, although their glass transition temperature was lower than that of the neat PLA. The enzymatic biodegradation test revealed that the PLA/PEG-POSS nanocomposites were biodegradable even though their biodegradability was deteriorated in comparison to that of the neat PLA. - Highlights: • PLA/PEG-POSS nanocomposites were prepared by melt blending. • The nanocomposites containing TAIC were crosslinked by electron beam irradiation. • The mechanical properties of the nanocomposites were comparable to polypropylene. • The crosslinked nanocomposites can be biodegradable

Magnetically addressable fluorescent Fe3O4/ZnO nanocomposites: Structural, optical and magnetization studies

Science.gov (United States)

Roychowdhury, A.; Pati, S. P.; Mishra, A. K.; Kumar, S.; Das, D.

2013-06-01

Fe3O4/ZnO nanocomposites (NCs) are prepared by a wet chemical route. X-ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy studies confirm the coexistence of Fe3O4 and ZnO phases in the NCs. The UV-vis absorption spectra show a red shift of the absorption peak with increase in Fe3O4 content indicating a modification of the band structure of ZnO in the NCs. Photoluminescence emission spectra of the NCs display strong excitonic emission in the UV region along with weak emission bands in the visible range caused by electronic transitions involving defect-related energy levels in the band gap of ZnO. Positron annihilation lifetimes indicate that cation vacancies in the ZnO structure are the strong traps for positrons and the overall defect concentration in the NCs decreases with increase in Fe3O4 content. Dc magnetization measurements reveal an anomalous temperature dependence of the coercivity of the NCs that is argued to be due to the anomalous variation of magnetocrystalline anisotropy at lower temperature. The irreversibility observed in the temperature dependent ZFC-FC magnetization points to the presence of a spin-glass phase in the NCs.

Preparation, characterization, and antibacterial activity of NiFe{sub 2}O{sub 4}/PAMA/Ag–TiO{sub 2} nanocomposite

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Allafchian, Alireza, E-mail: Allafchian@cc.iut.ac.ir [Nanotechnology and Advanced Materials Institute, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan 84156–83111 (Iran, Islamic Republic of); Jalali, Seyed Amir Hossein [Institute of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan 84156–83111 (Iran, Islamic Republic of); Department of Natural Resources, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan 84156–83111 (Iran, Islamic Republic of); Bahramian, Hamid; Ahmadvand, Hossein [Department of physics, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan 84156–83111 (Iran, Islamic Republic of)

2016-04-15

We have described a facile fabrication of silver deposited on the TiO{sub 2}, Poly Acrylonitrile Co Maleic Anhydride (PAMA) polymer and nickel ferrite composite (NiFe{sub 2}O{sub 4}/PAMA/Ag–TiO{sub 2}) through a three-step procedure. A pre-synthesized NiFe{sub 2}O{sub 4} was first coated with PAMA polymer and then Ag–TiO{sub 2} was deposited on the surface of PAMA polymer shell. After the characterization of this three-component composite by various techniques, such as FTIR, XRD, FESEM, BET, TEM and VSM, it was impregnated in standard antibiotic discs. The antibacterial activity of NiFe{sub 2}O{sub 4}/PAMA/Ag–TiO{sub 2} nanocomposite was investigated against some gram positive and gram negative bacteria by employing disc diffusion assay and then compared with that of naked NiFe{sub 2}O{sub 4}, NiFe{sub 2}O{sub 4}/Ag, AgNPs and NiFe{sub 2}O{sub 4}/PAMA. The results demonstrated that the AgNPs, when embedded in TiO{sub 2} and combined with NiFe{sub 2}O{sub 4}/PAMA, became an excellent antibacterial agent. The NiFe{sub 2}O{sub 4}/PAMA/Ag–TiO{sub 2} nanocomposite could be readily separated from water solution after the disinfection process by applying an external magnetic field. - Highlights: • A novel NiFe{sub 2}O{sub 4}/PAMA/Ag–TiO{sub 2} magnetic nanocomposite has been prepared. • This nanocomposite displays potent antimicrobial activity. • The antibacterial effect was evaluated by the disk diffusion method. • Recyclable antibacterial activity of NiFe{sub 2}O{sub 4}/PAMA/Ag–TiO{sub 2} was studied.

Preparation and characterization of PbO2–ZrO2 nanocomposite electrodes

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Yao Yingwu; Zhao Chunmei; Zhu Jin

2012-01-01

PbO 2 –ZrO 2 nanocomposite electrodes were prepared by the anodic codeposition in the lead nitrate plating bath containing ZrO 2 nanoparticles. The influences of the ZrO 2 nanoparticles concentration, current density, temperature and stirring rate of the plating bath on the composition of the nanocomposite electrodes were investigated. The surface morphology and the structure of the nanocomposite electrodes were characterized by scanning electronic microscopy (SEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD), respectively. The experimental results show that the addition of ZrO 2 nanoparticles in the electrodeposition process of lead dioxide significantly increases the lifetime of nanocomposite electrodes. The PbO 2 –ZrO 2 nanocomposite electrodes have a service life of 141 h which is almost four times longer than that of the pure PbO 2 electrodes. The morphology of PbO 2 –ZrO 2 nanocomposite electrodes is more compact and finer than that of PbO 2 electrodes. The relative surface area of the composite electrodes is approximately 2 times that of the pure PbO 2 electrodes. The structure test shows that the addition of ZrO 2 nanoparticles into the plating bath decreases the grain size of the PbO 2 –ZrO 2 nanocomposite electrodes. The anodic polarization curves show that the oxygen evolution overpotential of PbO 2 –ZrO 2 nanocomposite electrodes is higher than PbO 2 electrodes. The pollutant anodic oxidation experiment show that the PbO 2 –ZrO 2 nanocomposite electrode exhibited the better performance for the degradation of 4-chlorophenol than PbO 2 electrode, the removal ratio of COD reached 96.2%.

Preparation, characterization and gas permeation study of PSf/MgO nanocomposite membrane

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

S. M. Momeni

2013-09-01

Full Text Available Nanocomposite membranes composed of polymer and inorganic nanoparticles are a novel method to enhance gas separation performance. In this study, membranes were fabricated from polysulfone (PSf containing magnesium oxide (MgO nanoparticles and gas permeation properties of the resulting membranes were investigated. Membranes were prepared by solution blending and phase inversion methods. Morphology of the membranes, void formations, MgO distribution and aggregates were observed by SEM analysis. Furthermore, thermal stability, residual solvent in the membrane film and structural ruination of membranes were analyzed by thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA. The effects of MgO nanoparticles on the glass transition temperature (Tg of the prepared nanocomposites were studied by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC. The Tg of nanocomposite membranes increased with MgO loading. Fourier transform infrared (FTIR spectra of nanocomposite membranes were analyzed to identify the variations of the bonds. The results obtained from gas permeation experiments with a constant pressure setup showed that adding MgO nanoparticles to the polymeric membrane structure increased the permeability of the membranes. At 30 wt% MgO loading, the CO2 permeability was enhanced from 25.75×10-16 to 47.12×10-16 mol.m/(m².s.Pa and the CO2/CH4 selectivity decreased from 30.84 to 25.65 when compared with pure PSf. For H2, the permeability was enhanced from 44.05×10-16 to 67.3×10-16 mol.m/(m².s.Pa, whereas the H2/N2 selectivity decreased from 47.11 to 33.58.

In situ synthesis of magnetic CaraPVA IPN nanocomposite hydrogels and controlled drug release

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Mahdavinia, Gholam Reza; Etemadi, Hossein

2014-01-01

In this work, the magnetic nanocomposite hydrogels that focused on targeted drug delivery were synthesized by incorporation of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), kappa-carrageenan (Cara), and magnetite Fe 3 O 4 nanoparticles. The magnetic nanoparticles were obtained in situ in the presence of a mixture of polyvinyl alcohol/kappa-carrageenan (CaraPVA). The produced magnetite-polymers were cross-linked with freezing–thawing technique and subsequent with K + solution. The synthesized hydrogels were thoroughly characterized by transmittance electron microscopy (TEM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), and vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM) techniques. The dynamic swelling kinetic models of hydrogels were analyzed according to the first- and second-order kinetic models and were found that the experimental kinetics data followed the second-order model well. Drug loading and release efficiency were evaluated by diclofenac sodium (DS) as the model drug. The in vitro drug release studies from hydrogels exhibited significant behaviors on the subject of physiological simulated pHs and external magnetic fields. Investigation on the antibacterial activity revealed the ability of drug-loaded hydrogels to inactivate the Gram-positive Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) bacteria. The mucoadhesive properties of the hydrogels were studied and the hydrogels containing kappa-carrageenan showed good mucoadhesiveness in both simulated gastric and intestinal conditions. - Highlights: • In situ synthesis of magnetic kappa-carrageenan/PVA nanocomposite hydrogel. • Low salt sensitivity of magnetic nanocomposite hydrogels was observed. • The release of diclofenac sodium from hydrogels was pH-dependent. • The release of diclofenac sodium from magnetic hydrogels was affected by external magnetic field. • The hydrogels containing carrageenan component showed high mucoadhesiveness

In situ synthesis of magnetic CaraPVA IPN nanocomposite hydrogels and controlled drug release

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Mahdavinia, Gholam Reza, E-mail: grmnia@maragheh.ac.ir; Etemadi, Hossein

2014-12-01

In this work, the magnetic nanocomposite hydrogels that focused on targeted drug delivery were synthesized by incorporation of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), kappa-carrageenan (Cara), and magnetite Fe{sub 3}O{sub 4} nanoparticles. The magnetic nanoparticles were obtained in situ in the presence of a mixture of polyvinyl alcohol/kappa-carrageenan (CaraPVA). The produced magnetite-polymers were cross-linked with freezing–thawing technique and subsequent with K{sup +} solution. The synthesized hydrogels were thoroughly characterized by transmittance electron microscopy (TEM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), and vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM) techniques. The dynamic swelling kinetic models of hydrogels were analyzed according to the first- and second-order kinetic models and were found that the experimental kinetics data followed the second-order model well. Drug loading and release efficiency were evaluated by diclofenac sodium (DS) as the model drug. The in vitro drug release studies from hydrogels exhibited significant behaviors on the subject of physiological simulated pHs and external magnetic fields. Investigation on the antibacterial activity revealed the ability of drug-loaded hydrogels to inactivate the Gram-positive Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) bacteria. The mucoadhesive properties of the hydrogels were studied and the hydrogels containing kappa-carrageenan showed good mucoadhesiveness in both simulated gastric and intestinal conditions. - Highlights: • In situ synthesis of magnetic kappa-carrageenan/PVA nanocomposite hydrogel. • Low salt sensitivity of magnetic nanocomposite hydrogels was observed. • The release of diclofenac sodium from hydrogels was pH-dependent. • The release of diclofenac sodium from magnetic hydrogels was affected by external magnetic field. • The hydrogels containing carrageenan component showed high

Poly(methacrylic) Acid and g-methacryloxypropyltrimethoxy Silane/Clay Nanocomposites Prepared by In-Situ Polymerization

OpenAIRE

GÜLTEK, Ahmet; SEÇKİN, Turgay

2002-01-01

Poly(methacrylic acid) and poly(acrylic acid) nanocomposites were prepared by in-situ polymerization of g-methacryloxypropyltrimethoxysilane (A174)/clay nanocomposites in which the macromonomer was generated by grafting A-174 onto activated clay samples via hydroxyl groups or via intercalation. In- situ polymerization was carried out in the presence of an initiator. It was found that the structural affinity between the methacrylic or acrylic acid monomers and the amount of clay playe...

Novel polymeric nanocomposites and porous materials prepared using organogels

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Lai, Wei-Chi; Tseng, Shen-Chen

2009-01-01

We propose a new method for preparing polymeric nanocomposites and porous materials using self-assembled templates formed by 1,3:2,4-dibenzylidene sorbitol (DBS) organogels. DBS is capable of self-assembling into a 3D nanofibrillar network at relatively low concentrations in some organic solvents to produce organogels. In this study, we induced the formation of such physical cross-linked networks in styrene. Subsequently, we polymerized the styrene in the presence of chemical cross-linkers, divinyl benzene (DVB), with different amounts of DBS using thermal-initiated polymerization. The resulting materials were transparent, homogeneous polystyrene (PS) nanocomposites with both physical and chemical cross-links. The porous polymeric materials were obtained by solvent extraction of the DBS nanofibrils from the PS. Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) measurements show that the amounts of DBS and DVB influenced the specific surface area after the removal of the DBS fibrils.

Novel polymeric nanocomposites and porous materials prepared using organogels

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Lai, Wei-Chi; Tseng, Shen-Chen, E-mail: wclai@mail.tku.edu.t [Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, Tamkang University, 151 Ying-chuan Road, Tamsui, Taipei 25137, Taiwan (China)

2009-11-25

We propose a new method for preparing polymeric nanocomposites and porous materials using self-assembled templates formed by 1,3:2,4-dibenzylidene sorbitol (DBS) organogels. DBS is capable of self-assembling into a 3D nanofibrillar network at relatively low concentrations in some organic solvents to produce organogels. In this study, we induced the formation of such physical cross-linked networks in styrene. Subsequently, we polymerized the styrene in the presence of chemical cross-linkers, divinyl benzene (DVB), with different amounts of DBS using thermal-initiated polymerization. The resulting materials were transparent, homogeneous polystyrene (PS) nanocomposites with both physical and chemical cross-links. The porous polymeric materials were obtained by solvent extraction of the DBS nanofibrils from the PS. Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) measurements show that the amounts of DBS and DVB influenced the specific surface area after the removal of the DBS fibrils.

Preparation of poly(vinyl alcohol)/kaolinite nanocomposites via in situ polymerization

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Jia Xin; Li Yanfeng; Zhang Bo; Cheng Qiong; Zhang Shujiang

2008-01-01

Poly(vinyl alcohol)/kaolinite intercalated nanocomposites (Kao-PVA) were prepared via in situ intercalation radical polymerization. Vinyl acetate (VAc) was intercalated into kaolinite by a displacement method using dimethyl sulfoxide/kaolinite (Kao-DMSO) as the intermediate. Then, PVAc/kaolinite (Kao-PVAc) was obtained via radical polymerization with benzoyl peroxide (BPO) as initiator. Last, PVAc/kaolinite was saponified via direct-hydrolysis with NaOH solution in order to obtain PVA/kaolinite nanocomposites, which was characterized by Fourier-Transformation spectroscopy (FTIR), wide X-ray diffraction (WXRD) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Their differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) results of the obtained PVA/kaolinite suggested that the thermal properties had an obvious improvement

Preparation of polymer/LDH nanocomposite by UV-initiated photopolymerization of acrylate through photoinitiator-modified LDH precursor

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Hu, Lihua; Yuan, Yan; Shi, Wenfang

2011-01-01

Graphical abstract: This is the HR-TEM micrograph of UV cured nanocomposite at 5 wt% LDH-2959 loading for a-5 sample. The dark lines are the intersections of LDH platelets. It can be seen that samples a-5 dispersed in the polymer matrix and lost the ordered stacking-structure and show the completely exfoliation after UV curing. This can be explained by the fact that the sample a-5 only containing LDH-2959 exhibited a relative lower photopolymerization rate, which was propitious to further expand the LDH intergallery to form the exfoliated structure. Research highlights: → The UV cured polymer/LDH nanocomposites were prepared through the photopolymerization initiated by the photoinitiator-modified LDH precursor, LDH-2959. → The exfoliated UV cured nanocomposites were achieved in the presence of LDH-2959 only. However, the UV cured nanocomposites prepared using both LDH-2959 and Irgacure 2959 showed the intercalated structure. → Compared with the pure polymer, the exfoliated polymer/LDH nanocomposite showed remarkable enhanced thermal stability and mechanical properties because of their well dispersion in the polymer matrix. -- Abstract: The exfoliated polymer/layered double hydroxide (LDH) nanocomposite by UV-initiated photopolymerization of acrylate systems through an Irgacure 2959-modified LDH precursor (LDH-2959) as a photoinitiator complex was prepared. The LDH-2959 was obtained by the esterification of 2-hydroxy-4'-(2-hydroxyethoxy)-2-methylpropiophenone (Irgacure 2959) with thioglycolic acid, following by the addition reaction with 3-(2,3-epoxypropoxy)propyltrimethoxysilane (KH-560), finally intercalation into the sodium dodecyl sulfate-modified LDH. For comparison, the intercalated polymer/LDH nanocomposite was obtained with additive Irgacure 2959 addition. From the X-ray diffraction (XRD) measurements and HR-TEM observations, the LDH lost the ordered stacking-structure and well dispersed in the polymer matrix at 5 wt% LDH-2959 loading. The glass

Studies of SmCo5/Fe nanocomposite magnetic bilayers with magnetic soft x-ray transmission microscopy

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Shahzad, F.; Siddiqi, S. A.; Im, M.-Y.; Avallone, A.; Fischer, P.; Hussain, Z.; Siddiqi, I.; Hellman, F.; Zhao, J.

2009-12-04

A hard/soft SmCo{sub 5}/Fe nanocomposite magnetic bilayer system has been fabricated on X-ray transparent 100-200 nm thin Si{sub 3}N{sub 4} membranes by magnetron sputtering. The microscopic magnetic domain pattern and its behavior during magnetization reversal in the hard and soft magnetic phases have been individually studied by element specific magnetic soft x-ray microscopy at a spatial resolution of better than 25nm. We observe that the domain patterns for soft and hard phases switch coherently throughout the full hysteresis cycle upon applying external magnetic fields. We derived local M(H) curves from the images for Fe and SmCo5 separately and found switching for both hard and soft phases same.

Thermally conductive, electrically insulating and melt-processable polystyrene/boron nitride nanocomposites prepared by in situ reversible addition fragmentation chain transfer polymerization

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Huang, Xingyi; Wang, Shen; Zhu, Ming; Yang, Ke; Jiang, Pingkai; Bando, Yoshio; Golberg, Dmitri; Zhi, Chunyi

2015-01-01

Thermally conductive and electrically insulating polymer/boron nitride (BN) nanocomposites are highly attractive for various applications in many thermal management fields. However, so far most of the preparation methods for polymer/BN nanocomposites have usually caused difficulties in the material post processing. Here, an in situ grafting approach is designed to fabricate thermally conductive, electrically insulating and post-melt processable polystyrene (PS)/BN nanosphere (BNNS) nanocomposites by initiating styrene (St) on the surface functionalized BNNSs via reversible addition fragmentation chain transfer polymerization. The nanocomposites exhibit significantly enhanced thermal conductivity. For example, at a St/BN feeding ratio of 5:1, an enhancement ratio of 1375% is achieved in comparison with pure PS. Moreover, the dielectric properties of the nanocomposites show a desirable weak dependence on frequency, and the dielectric loss tangent of the nanocomposites remains at a very low level. More importantly, the nanocomposites can be subjected to multiple melt processing to form different shapes. Our method can become a universal approach to prepare thermally conductive, electrically insulating and melt-processable polymer nanocomposites with diverse monomers and nanofillers. (paper)

(0 0 1) textured CoPt-Ag nanocomposite films for high-density perpendicular magnetic recording

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Xue, S.X.; Wang, H.; Wang, H.B.; Yang, F.J.; Wang, J.A.; Cao, X.; Gao, Y.; Huang, Z.B.; Li, Z.Y.; Li, Q.; Wong, S.P.

2006-01-01

CoPt/Ag nanocomposite films were prepared by magnetron sputtering. The dependence of texture and magnetic properties on film thickness, Ag atomic fraction and annealing conditions is investigated. Films with a thickness about 20 nm are easy to form with (0 0 1) orientation. The existence of the Ag in the film plays a dominant role in inducing the (0 0 1) texture of the film and suppressing the growth of the CoPt grains during annealing. The Co 35 Pt 38 Ag 27 film after annealing at 600 deg. C exhibits a large perpendicular coercivity of 5.6 kOe and a squareness of 0.90 with a small average grains size of 12.5 nm

Antimicrobial and Controlled Release Studies of a Novel Nystatin Conjugated Iron Oxide Nanocomposite

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Samer Hasan Hussein-Al-Ali

2014-01-01

Full Text Available Nystatin is a tetraene diene polyene antibiotic showing a broad spectrum of antifungal activity. In the present study, we prepared a nystatin nanocomposite (Nyst-CS-MNP by loading nystatin (Nyst on chitosan (CS coated magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs. The magnetic nanocomposites were characterized by X-ray powder diffraction (XRD, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR, thermogravimetry analysis (TGA, vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM. The XRD results showed that the MNPs and nanocomposite are pure magnetite. The FTIR analysis confirmed the binding of CS on the surface of the MNPs and also the loading of Nyst in the nanocomposite. The Nyst drug loading was estimated using UV-Vis instrumentation and showing a 14.9% loading in the nanocomposite. The TEM size image of the MNPs, CS-MNP, and Nyst-CS-MNP was 13, 11, and 8 nm, respectively. The release profile of the Nyst drug from the nanocomposite followed a pseudo-second-order kinetic model. The antimicrobial activity of the as-synthesized Nyst and Nyst-CS-MNP nanocomposite was evaluated using an agar diffusion method and showed enhanced antifungal activity against Candida albicans. In this manner, this study introduces a novel nanocomposite that can decrease fungus activity on-demand for numerous medical applications.

Preparation of poly (styrene)-b-poly (acrylic acid)/{gamma}-Fe{sub 2}O{sub 3} composites

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Zhang, L.D. [School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shandong Polytechnic University, Key Laboratory of Processing and Testing Technology of Glass Functional Ceramics of Shandong Province, Daxue Road, Western University Science Park, Jinan 250353 (China); Liu, W.L., E-mail: wlliu@sdu.edu.cn [School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shandong Polytechnic University, Key Laboratory of Processing and Testing Technology of Glass Functional Ceramics of Shandong Province, Daxue Road, Western University Science Park, Jinan 250353 (China); Xiao, C.L.; Yao, J.S.; Fan, Z.P.; Sun, X.L.; Zhang, X.; Wang, L. [School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shandong Polytechnic University, Key Laboratory of Processing and Testing Technology of Glass Functional Ceramics of Shandong Province, Daxue Road, Western University Science Park, Jinan 250353 (China); Wang, X.Q. [State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials, Shandong University, Jinan 250100 (China)

2011-12-15

The use of a block copolymer, poly (styrene)-b-poly (acrylic acid) (PS-b-PAA) to prepare a magnetic nanocomposite was investigated. Poly (styrene)-poly (t-butyl acrylate) block copolymer, being synthesized by atom transfer radical polymerization, was hydrolyzed with hydrochloric acid for obtaining PS-b-PAA. The obtained PS-b-PAA was then compounded with the modified {gamma}-Fe{sub 2}O{sub 3}, and subsequently the magnetic nanocomposite was achieved. The products were characterized by {sup 1}H NMR, FTIR, gel permeation chromatography, thermogravimetric analysis, transmission electron microscopy and vibrating sample magnetometer. The results showed that the nanocomposites exhibited soft magnetism, with the mean diameter of 100 nm approximately. - Highlights: > Magnetic composites were prepared using {gamma}-Fe{sub 2}O{sub 3} and PS-b-PAA. > PS-b-PAA was synthesized by atom transfer radical polymerization. > The obtained composite exhibited soft magnetism.

A facile synthesis and spectral characterization of Cu{sup 2+} doped CdO/ZnS nanocomposite

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Joyce Stella, R.; Thirumala Rao, G.; Babu, B.; Pushpa Manjari, V. [Department of Physics, University College of Sciences, Acharya Nagarjuna University, Nagarjuna Nagar, AP 522510 (India); Reddy, Ch. Venkata; Shim, Jaesool [School of Mechanical Engineering, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 712-749 (Korea, Republic of); Ravikumar, R.V.S.S.N., E-mail: rvssn@yahoo.co.in [Department of Physics, University College of Sciences, Acharya Nagarjuna University, Nagarjuna Nagar, AP 522510 (India)

2015-06-15

A facile two-step method is demonstrated for the preparation of Cu{sup 2+} doped CdO/ZnS nanocomposite. Systematic investigations like X-ray diffraction (XRD), Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) with EDS, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), FT-IR, electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR), optical absorption, photoluminescence (PL) and magnetic studies are carried out for the prepared material. From powder XRD, the nanocomposites are comprised for cubic phase of both CdO and ZnS in a close contact with each other. The ground state wave function of dopant ions has been estimated from EPR studies. Optical and EPR data confirm that doped Cu{sup 2+}ions occupy rhombically distorted octahedral sites with the host material. Due to doping, band gap has been changed and blue shifts occurred in PL. Magnetic measurements indicate a possible ferromagnetic response, associated to the exchange interaction between local spin-polarized electrons of Cu{sup 2+} ions and conductive electrons. - Graphical abstract: M–H curve of Cu{sup 2+} doped CdO–ZnS nanocomposites. The magnetic properties of Cu{sup 2+} doped CdO/ZnS nanocomposite has been investigated using vibrating sample magnetometer given as magnetization and hysteresis (M–H) curve. The magnetization curve with noticeable coercivity of M–H loop clearly indicate the existence of ferromagnetic ordering in Cu{sup 2+} doped CdO/ZnS nanocomposite at room temperature. According to the Ruderman–Kittel–Kasuya–Yosida (RKKY) theory, the exchange interaction between local spin-polarized electrons (such as the electrons of Cu{sup 2+} ions) and conductive electrons is the main cause that leads to the ferromagnetism. Coercivity (Hc) of the field is about 98 Oe, saturation magnetization (Ms) and remnant magnetization (Mr) of present sample is estimated to be 15.8×10{sup −3} and 1.43×10{sup −3} emu/g respectively. The ferromagnetism observed in the prepared material is not commencing with other impurities but expected to

Thermal and dynamic mechanical characterization of thermoplastic polyurethane/organoclay nanocomposites prepared by melt compounding

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Barick, A.K.; Tripathy, D.K.

2010-01-01

Thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) nanocomposites based on organically modified layered silicate (OMLS) were prepared by melt intercalation process followed by compression molding. Different percentage of organoclays was incorporated into the TPU matrix in order to examine the influence of the nanoscaled fillers on nanostructure morphology and material properties. The microscopic morphology of the nanocomposites was evaluated by wide angle X-ray diffraction (WAXD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and atomic force microscopy (AFM). The observation revealed that both nanoclay-polymer interactions and shear stress developed during melt mixing are responsible for the effectively organoclay dispersion in TPU matrix resulting intercalated/exfoliated morphology. Thermal stability of the nanocomposites measured by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) was improved significantly with the addition of nanoclay. The differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) analysis reveals that melting point of the nanocomposites increased with incorporation of nanoclay. The dynamic mechanical properties of the TPU nanocomposites were analyzed using a dynamic mechanical thermal analyzer (DMTA), which indicates that the storage modulus (E'), loss modulus (E''), and glass transition temperature (T g ) are significantly increased with increasing nanoclay content.

Mechanical properties of multi-walled carbon nanotube (MWCNT)/polymethyl methacrylite (PMMA) nanocomposite prepared via the coagulation method

Science.gov (United States)

Ismail, Noor Mazni; Aziz, Azizan; Jaafar, Mariatti

2012-06-01

Multi-walled carbon nanotube (MWCNT) is well known as one of the best candidates for reinforcing the next generation of high performance nanocomposites due to its excellent mechanical properties. In this study, MWCNTs were dispersed in polymethyl methacrylite (PMMA) matrix to enhance its mechanical strength. MWCNT/PMMA were prepared by simple coagulation method and then hot-pressed to create nanocomposite film consists of rich nanotubes. Samples were prepared in respect to various high filler loading (1%, 3%, 5%, 7% and 10% wt.). Standard ASTM D790 flexural test was used to evaluate the mechanical properties of the composites. The morphology and surface fracture were observed via scanning electron microscope. The properties of the composites where found to be better than the neat PMMA. Flexural strength & flexural modulus of MWCNT/PMMA nanocomposite showed an improvement up to 24.1% and 107.7% compared to the neat PMMA, respectively. These studies therefore demonstrate that MWCNT/PMMA prepared by coagulation method able to successfully improve mechanical properties of PMMA.

Preparation, characterization, and antibacterial activity studies of silver-loaded poly(styrene-co-acrylic acid) nanocomposites.

Science.gov (United States)

Song, Cunfeng; Chang, Ying; Cheng, Ling; Xu, Yiting; Chen, Xiaoling; Zhang, Long; Zhong, Lina; Dai, Lizong

2014-03-01

A simple method for preparing a new type of stable antibacterial agent was presented. Monodisperse poly(styrene-co-acrylic acid) (PSA) nanospheres, serving as matrices, were synthesized via soap-free emulsion polymerization. Field-emission scanning electron microscopy micrographs indicated that PSA nanospheres have interesting surface microstructures and well-controlled particle size distributions. Silver-loaded poly(styrene-co-acrylic acid) (PSA/Ag-NPs) nanocomposites were prepared in situ through interfacial reduction of silver nitrate with sodium borohydride, and further characterized by transmission electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction. Their effects on antibacterial activity including inhibition zone, minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC), minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC), and bactericidal kinetics were evaluated. In the tests, PSA/Ag-NPs nanocomposites showed excellent antibacterial activity against both gram-positive Staphylococcus aureus and gram-negative Escherichia coli. These nanocomposites are considered to have potential application in antibacterial coatings on biomedical devices to reduce nosocomial infection rates. Copyright © 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Monolithic Magneto-Optical Nanocomposites of Barium Hexaferrite Platelets in PMMA.

Science.gov (United States)

Ferk, Gregor; Krajnc, Peter; Hamler, Anton; Mertelj, Alenka; Cebollada, Federico; Drofenik, Miha; Lisjak, Darja

2015-06-12

The incorporation of magnetic barium hexaferrite nanoparticles in a transparent polymer matrix of poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) is reported for the first time. The barium hexaferrite nanoplatelets doped with Sc(3+), i.e., BaSc0.5Fe11.5O12 (BaHF), having diameters in the range 20 to 130 nm and thicknesses of approximately 5 nm, are synthesized hydrothermally and stabilized in 1-butanol with dodecylbenzenesulfonic acid. This method enables the preparation of monolithic nanocomposites by admixing the BaHF suspension into a liquid monomer, followed by in-situ, bulk free-radical polymerization. The PMMA retains its transparency for loadings of BaHF nanoparticles up to 0.27 wt.%, meaning that magnetically and optically anisotropic, monolithic nanocomposites can be synthesized when the polymerization is carried out in a magnetic field. The excellent dispersion of the magnetic nanoparticles, coupled with a reasonable control over the magnetic properties achieved in this investigation, is encouraging for the magneto-optical applications of these materials.

Stabilisation effects of superparamagnetic nanoparticles on clustering in nanocomposite microparticles and on magnetic behaviour

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Mandel, K., E-mail: karl-sebastian.mandel@isc.fraunhofer.de [Fraunhofer Institute for Silicate Research, ISC, Neunerplatz 2, 97082 Würzburg (Germany); University Würzburg, Chair of Chemical Technology of Materials Synthesis, Röntgenring 11, 97070 Würzburg (Germany); Hutter, F., E-mail: frank.hutter@isc.fraunhofer.de [Fraunhofer Institute for Silicate Research, ISC, Neunerplatz 2, 97082 Würzburg (Germany); Gellermann, C., E-mail: carsten.gellermann@isc.fraunhofer.de [Fraunhofer Institute for Silicate Research, ISC, Neunerplatz 2, 97082 Würzburg (Germany); Sextl, G., E-mail: gerhard.sextl@isc.fraunhofer.de [Fraunhofer Institute for Silicate Research, ISC, Neunerplatz 2, 97082 Würzburg (Germany); University Würzburg, Chair of Chemical Technology of Materials Synthesis, Röntgenring 11, 97070 Würzburg (Germany)

2013-04-15

Superparamagnetic nanoparticles of magnetite were coprecipitated from iron salts, dispersed with nitric acid and stabilised either by lactic acid (LA) or by a polycarboxylate-ether polymer (MELPERS4343, MP). The differently stabilised nanoparticles were incorporated into a silica matrix to form nanocomposite microparticles. The silica matrix was prepared either from tetraethylorthosilicate (TEOS) or from an aqueous sodium silicate (water glass) solution. Stabilisation of nanoparticles had a crucial influence on microparticle texture and nanoparticle distribution in the silica matrix. Magnetic measurements in combination with transmission electron microscopy (TEM) investigations suggest a uniform magnetic interaction of nanoparticles in case of LA stabilisation and magnetically interacting nanoparticle clusters of different sizes in case of MP stabilisation. Splitting of blocking temperature (T{sub B}) and irreversible temperature (T{sub ir}) in zero field cooled (ZFC) and field cooled (FC) measurements is discussed in terms of nanoparticle clustering. -- Highlights: ► Superparamagnetic nanoparticles were synthesised, dispersed and stabilised. ► Stabilisation is either via a polycarboxylate ether polymer or lactic acid. ► Stabilised nanoparticles were incorporated into silica to form composite particles. ► Depending on the stabilisation, nanoparticle clustering in the composites differed. ► Clustering influences zero field cooled/field cooled magnetic measurements.

Transmission electron microscopy of polyhydroxybutyrate-co-valerate (PHBV)/nanocrystalline cellulose (NCC) bio-nanocomposite prepared using cryo-ultramicrotomy

Science.gov (United States)

Ismarul, N. I.; Engku, A. H. E. U.; Siti, N. K.; Tay, K. Y.

2017-12-01

Environmental issues on disposal and end-of-life for product made from synthetic petroleum-derived polymers have gained increasing attention from materials scientist to search for new materials with similar physical and mechanical properties but environmental friendly in a way that they are renewable and biodegradable as well. This work is to study the effect of nanocrystalline cellulose in improving the thermal stability of polyhydroxybutyrate-co-valerate biopolymer for high temperature processing of packaging material. 10 % w/w PHBV-NCC bio-nanocomposite feedstock pellet prepared using RONDOL minilab compounder was used as the sample for the preparation of Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) sample. RMC Cryo-Ultramicrotomy equipment was used to prepare the ultra-thin slice of the bio-nanocomposite pellet under liquid nitrogen at - 60 °C. Diamond knife was used to slice off about 80-100 nm ultra-thin bio-nanocomposite films and was transferred into the lacey carbon film coated grid using cooled sugar solution. A few drops of phosphotungstic acid was used as negative stain to improve the contrast during the TEM analysis. HITACHI TEM systems was used to obtain the TEM micrograph of PHBV-NCC bio-nanocomposite using 80kV accelerating voltage. A well dispersed NCC in PHBV matrix, ranging from 5 to 25 nm in width was observed.

Strength And Magnetism of Nanocomposites Formed By 3d-Metal Nanochains Embedded In a Non-Magnetic Matrix

Czech Academy of Sciences Publication Activity Database

Šob, Mojmír; Káňa, Tomáš

2011-01-01

Roč. 8, Supp. 1 (2011), s. 1033-1034 ISSN 1708-5284. [19th Annual International Conference on Composites and NanoEngineering (ICCE-19). Shanghai, 24.7.2011-30.7.2011] R&D Projects: GA AV ČR IAA100100920; GA MŠk OC10008; GA MŠk(CZ) ED1.1.00/02.0068 Institutional research plan: CEZ:AV0Z20410507 Keywords : electronic structure * nanocomposites * magnetism Subject RIV: BM - Solid Matter Physics ; Magnetism

Preparation of BiVO4-Graphene Nanocomposites and Their Photocatalytic Activity

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Xuan Xu

2014-01-01

Full Text Available We prepared BiVO4-graphene nanocomposites by using a facile single-step method and characterized the material by x-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, ultraviolet-visible diffuse-reflection spectroscopy, and three-dimensional fluorescence spectroscopy. The results show that graphene oxide in the catalyst was thoroughly reduced. The BiVO4 is densely dispersed on the graphene sheets, which facilitates the transport of electrons photogenerated in BiVO4, thereby leading to an efficient separation of photogenerated carriers in the coupled graphene-nanocomposite system. For degradation of rhodamine B dye under visible-light irradiation, the photocatalytic activity of the synthesized nanocomposites was over ∼20% faster than for pure BiVO4 catalyst. To study the contribution of electrons and holes in the degradation reaction, silver nitrate and potassium sodium tartrate were added to the BiVO4-graphene photocatalytic reaction system as electron-trapping agent and hole-trapping agent, respectively. The results show that holes play the main role in the degradation of rhodamine B.

Multifunctional nanocomposite based on halloysite nanotubes for efficient luminescent bioimaging and magnetic resonance imaging.

Science.gov (United States)

Zhou, Tao; Jia, Lei; Luo, Yi-Feng; Xu, Jun; Chen, Ru-Hua; Ge, Zhi-Jun; Ma, Tie-Liang; Chen, Hong; Zhu, Tao-Feng

A novel multifunctional halloysite nanotube (HNT)-based Fe 3 O 4 @HNT-polyethyleneimine-Tip-Eu(dibenzoylmethane) 3 nanocomposite (Fe-HNT-Eu NC) with both photoluminescent and magnetic properties was fabricated by a simple one-step hydrothermal process combined with the coupling grafting method, which exhibited high suspension stability and excellent photophysical behavior. The as-prepared multifunctional Fe-HNT-Eu NC was characterized using various techniques. The results of cell viability assay, cell morphological observation, and in vivo toxicity assay indicated that the NC exhibited excellent biocompatibility over the studied concentration range, suggesting that the obtained Fe-HNT-Eu NC was a suitable material for bioimaging and biological applications in human hepatic adenocarcinoma cells. Furthermore, the biocompatible Fe-HNT-Eu NC displayed superparamagnetic behavior with high saturation magnetization and also functioned as a magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) contrast agent in vitro and in vivo. The results of the MRI tests indicated that the Fe-HNT-Eu NC can significantly decrease the T 2 signal intensity values of the normal liver tissue and thus make the boundary between the normal liver and transplanted cancer more distinct, thus effectively improving the diagnosis effect of cancers.

Preparation and luminescent properties of ZnO:Ga(La)/polymer nanocomposite

Czech Academy of Sciences Publication Activity Database

Gbur, T.; Vlk, M.; Čuba, V.; Beitlerová, Alena; Nikl, Martin

2013-01-01

Roč. 56, SEP (2013), s. 102-106 ISSN 1350-4487. [International Conference on Luminescent Detectors and Transformers of Ionizing Radiation 2012 /8./, LUMDETR 2012. Halle (Saale), 10.09.2012-14.09.2012] R&D Projects: GA AV ČR KAN300100802 Institutional support: RVO:68378271 Keywords : zinc oxide * doping * nanocomposite * luminescent materials * photopolymerization Subject RIV: BM - Solid Matter Physics ; Magnetism Impact factor: 1.140, year: 2013

CdSe@ZnS nanocomposites prepared by a mechanochemical route: No release of Cd{sup 2+} ions and negligible in vitro cytotoxicity

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Baláž, Peter, E-mail: balaz@saske.sk [Institute of Geotechnics, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Watsonova 45, 04353 Košice (Slovakia); Sayagués, Maria Jesús, E-mail: mjsayagues@icmse.csic.es [Institute of Materials Science of Sevilla CSIC, Américo Vespucio 49, 41092 Sevilla (Spain); Baláž, Matej, E-mail: balazm@saske.sk [Institute of Geotechnics, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Watsonova 45, 04353 Košice (Slovakia); Zorkovská, Anna, E-mail: zorkovska@saske.sk [Institute of Geotechnics, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Watsonova 45, 04353 Košice (Slovakia); Hronec, Pavol, E-mail: hronec.pavol@gmail.com [Slovak University of Technology, Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Information Technology, Iľkovičova 3, 81219 Bratislava (Slovakia); Kováč, Jaroslav, E-mail: jaroslav_kovac@stuba.sk [Slovak University of Technology, Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Information Technology, Iľkovičova 3, 81219 Bratislava (Slovakia); Kováč, Jaroslav, E-mail: jaroslav.kovac@stuba.sk [Slovak University of Technology, Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Information Technology, Iľkovičova 3, 81219 Bratislava (Slovakia); Dutková, Erika, E-mail: dutkova@saske.sk [Institute of Geotechnics, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Watsonova 45, 04353 Košice (Slovakia); Mojžišová, Gabriela, E-mail: gabriela.mojzisova@upjs.sk [P. J. Šafárik University, Faculty of Medicine, Trieda SNP 1, 04011 Košice (Slovakia); and others

2014-01-01

Graphical abstract: - Highlights: • CdSe@ZnS nanocomposites were produced by milling. • Negligible cadmium leakage was observed. • No toxicity against living cells was documented. • The material is suitable for biological imaging. - Abstract: CdSe@ZnS nanocomposites have been prepared by a two-step solid state mechanochemical synthesis. CdSe prepared from Cd and Se elements in the first step was mixed with zinc acetate and sodium sulphide in the second step of milling to prepare a CdSe@ZnS nanocomposite. In the third step, the obtained nanocomposite was coated with L-cysteine to prepare a biocompatible system. The crystallite size of the new type of nanocomposite was 20–35 nm for cubic CdSe and 3–8 nm for hexagonal ZnS as calculated from XRD, TEM and SEM data. The synthesised samples show good crystallinity and have been tested for dissolution and cytotoxicity. The dissolution of cadmium from CdSe@ZnS was less than 0.05 μg mL{sup −1}, whereas a value of 0.8 μg mL{sup −1} was measured for CdSe alone. The binding of ZnS with CdSe in the nanocomposite practically eliminated the release of cadmium into solution. As a consequence, a very low cytotoxic activity has been evidenced for CdSe@ZnS. The nanocomposites coated with L-cysteine have a great potential as fluorescent labels in biomedical engineering.

Structure and magnetic properties of chromium doped cobalt molybdenum nitrides

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Guskos, Niko; Żołnierkiewicz, Grzegorz; Typek, Janusz; Guskos, Aleksander [Institute of Physics, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering and Mechatronics, West Pomeranian University of Technology, Szczecin, Piastów 48, 70-311 Szczecin (Poland); Adamski, Paweł; Moszyński, Dariusz [Institute of Inorganic Chemical Technology and Environment Engineering, West Pomeranian University of Technology, Szczecin, Pułaskiego 10, 70-322 Szczecin (Poland)

2016-09-15

Four nanocomposites containing mixed phases of Co{sub 3}Mo{sub 3}N and Co{sub 2}Mo{sub 3}N doped with chromium have been prepared. A linear fit is found for relation between Co{sub 2}Mo{sub 3}N and chromium concentrations. The magnetization in ZFC and FC modes at different temperatures (2–300 K) and in applied magnetic fields (up to 70 kOe) have been investigated. It has been detected that many magnetic characteristics of the studied four nanocomposites correlate not with the chromium concentration but with nanocrystallite sizes. The obtained results were interpreted in terms of magnetic core-shell model of a nanoparticle involving paramagnetic core with two magnetic sublattices and a ferromagnetic shell related to chromium doping. - Highlights: • A new chromium doped mixed Co-Mn-N nanocomposites were synthesized. • Surface ferromagnetism was detected in a wide temperature range. • Core-shell model was applied to explain nanocomposites magnetism.

Preparation of ZnO/Ag nanocomposite and coating on polymers for anti-infection biomaterial application.

Science.gov (United States)

Sadeghi, Babak

2014-01-24

ZnO/Ag nanocomposites coated with polyvinyl chloride (PVC) were prepared by chemical reduction method, for anti-infection biomaterial application. There is a growing interest in attempts in using biomolecular as the templates to grow inorganic nanocomposites in controlled morphology and structure. By optimizing the experiment conditions, we successfully fabricated high yield of ZnO/Ag nanocomposite with full coverage of high-density polyvinyl chloride (PVC) coating. More importantly, ZnO/Ag nanocomposites were shown to significantly inhibit the growth of Staphylococcus aureus in solution. It was further shown that ZnO/Ag nanocomposites induced thiol depletion that caused death of S. aureus. The coatings were fully characterized using techniques such as scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). Most importantly, compared to uncoated metals, the coatings on PVC promoted healthy antibacterial activity. Importantly, compared to ZnO-Ag -uncoated PVC, the ZnO/Ag nanocomposites coated was approximately triplet more effective in preventing bacteria attachment. The result of Thermal Gravimetric Analysis (TGA) indicates that, the ZnO/Ag nanocomposites are chemically stable in the temperature range from 50 to 900°C. This result, for the first time, demonstrates the potential of using ZnO/Ag nanocomposites as a coating material for numerous anti-bacterial applications. Copyright © 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Urchin-like CdS/ZrO2 nanocomposite prepared by microwave-assisted hydrothermal combined with ion-exchange and its multimode photocatalytic activity

Science.gov (United States)

Li, Li; Wang, Lili; Zhang, Wenzhi; Zhang, Xiuli; Chen, Xi; Dong, Xue

2014-12-01

A series of urchin-like CdS/ZrO2 nanocomposites with different mole ratios of Cd/Zr were prepared by a two-step method combining the microwave-assisted hydrothermal and ion exchange methods. The products were characterized by X-ray diffraction, ultraviolet-visible diffuse reflectance spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and N2 adsorption-desorption measurements. The results of the study revealed that the CdS/ZrO2 nanocomposites had mixed phases of tetragonal ZrO2 and hexagonal CdS. Moreover, the samples prepared by the microwave-assisted hydrothermal method possessed the urchin-like structure with a surface composed of protrude-like nanoparticles in large quantities. The absorption in the visible region changed slightly with increasing mole ratio of Cd/Zr. Moreover, compared to the nanocomposites prepared by the conventional heating, the nanocomposites prepared by the microwave-assisted hydrothermal synthesis showed significantly different Brunauer-Emmett-Teller values, and the urchin-like CdS/ZrO2 structures were obtained. The photocatalytic degradation of methyl orange under ultraviolet (UV) light irradiation indicated that the photocatalytic activity of the CdS/ZrO2 nanocomposite with CdS/ZrO2 molar ratio of 30 % was higher than those of CdS, ZrO2, and other different ratios of CdS/ZrO2 nanocomposites. Moreover, under UV light, visible light, and microwave-assisted multimode photocatalytic degradation, the urchin-like CdS/ZrO2 nanocomposites significantly affected the photodegradation of various dyes. To understand the possible reaction mechanism of the photocatalysis by the CdS/ZrO2 nanocomposites, a series of controlled experiments were performed, and the stability and reusability of the CdS/ZrO2 nanocomposites were further investigated by the photocatalytic reaction.

Urchin-like CdS/ZrO2 nanocomposite prepared by microwave-assisted hydrothermal combined with ion-exchange and its multimode photocatalytic activity

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Li, Li; Wang, Lili; Zhang, Wenzhi; Zhang, Xiuli; Chen, Xi; Dong, Xue

2014-01-01

A series of urchin-like CdS/ZrO 2 nanocomposites with different mole ratios of Cd/Zr were prepared by a two-step method combining the microwave-assisted hydrothermal and ion exchange methods. The products were characterized by X-ray diffraction, ultraviolet–visible diffuse reflectance spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and N 2 adsorption–desorption measurements. The results of the study revealed that the CdS/ZrO 2 nanocomposites had mixed phases of tetragonal ZrO 2 and hexagonal CdS. Moreover, the samples prepared by the microwave-assisted hydrothermal method possessed the urchin-like structure with a surface composed of protrude-like nanoparticles in large quantities. The absorption in the visible region changed slightly with increasing mole ratio of Cd/Zr. Moreover, compared to the nanocomposites prepared by the conventional heating, the nanocomposites prepared by the microwave-assisted hydrothermal synthesis showed significantly different Brunauer–Emmett–Teller values, and the urchin-like CdS/ZrO 2 structures were obtained. The photocatalytic degradation of methyl orange under ultraviolet (UV) light irradiation indicated that the photocatalytic activity of the CdS/ZrO 2 nanocomposite with CdS/ZrO 2 molar ratio of 30 % was higher than those of CdS, ZrO 2 , and other different ratios of CdS/ZrO 2 nanocomposites. Moreover, under UV light, visible light, and microwave-assisted multimode photocatalytic degradation, the urchin-like CdS/ZrO 2 nanocomposites significantly affected the photodegradation of various dyes. To understand the possible reaction mechanism of the photocatalysis by the CdS/ZrO 2 nanocomposites, a series of controlled experiments were performed, and the stability and reusability of the CdS/ZrO 2 nanocomposites were further investigated by the photocatalytic reaction

Preparation and characterization of ZnO/graphene nanocomposite for improved photovoltaic performance

Science.gov (United States)

Jayabal, P.; Gayathri, S.; Sasirekha, V.; Mayandi, J.; Ramakrishnan, V.

2014-11-01

Zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles and ZnO/graphene (ZG) nanocomposite were synthesized via simple chemical route and its application as a photoanode for dye-sensitized solar cell (DSSC) was demonstrated. The prepared ZnO and ZG were structurally characterized by X-ray diffraction and micro-Raman techniques. The scanning electron micrograph of ZG revealed the spherical-shaped ZnO nanoparticles of particle size 160 nm was anchored on the two-dimensional graphene sheets. UV-Vis absorption spectroscopy showed that the ZG nanocomposite has enriched visible light absorption. The DSSCs were fabricated using the synthesized ZnO and ZG nanocomposite as photoanode and the effect of low-cost organic dyes on the photovoltaic performances of the solar cells were investigated. Comprehensive performances of ZG are better than that of ZnO-based DSSCs. The ZG DSSCs show power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 1.5 and 0.98 % for RB and EY sensitized electrodes, respectively. Moreover, the ZG dominates in many aspects due to the presence of graphene.

Evaluation of thermoplastic starch/MMT nanocomposites by nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR)

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Schlemmer, D.; Rodrigues, Tiago C.A.F.; Resck, I.S.; Sales, M.J.A.

2010-01-01

Starch has been studied for replace petrochemical plastics for short shelf life. However, the starch films have limitations: sensitivity to moisture and poor mechanical strength. This can be improved by incorporating loads such as montmorillonite, forming nanocomposites. Nanocomposites were prepared with 1, 3, 5 and 10% of montmorillonite, using vegetable oils of Brazilian Cerrado as plasticizers. The NMR spectra of oils are similar, but the intensities of the signals varying with the proportion of fatty acids. The molar mass of the oils was also calculated by NMR. The spectrum of CP/MAS 13 C NMR for starch presented a duplet in 97 and 98 ppm, on the amorphous domains of C-1, indicating a crystal type A. The spectra of the nanocomposites are similar to those of starch and oils. No new peaks appear, suggesting that there are no strong chemical bonds between components. (author)

Rare earth ions doped polyaniline/cobalt ferrite nanocomposites via a novel coordination-oxidative polymerization-hydrothermal route: Preparation and microwave-absorbing properties

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Yang, Chunming; Jiang, Junjun; Liu, Xiaohua; Yin, Chengjie; Deng, Cuifen

2016-04-15

Polyaniline/CoRE{sub x}Fe{sub 2−x}O{sub 4} (RE=La, Ce, Y, x=0.05–0.25) nanocomposites were successfully synthesized by a novel coordination-oxidative polymerization-hydrothermal method, and doped by sulfosalicylic acid. The resultant nanocomposites were characterized by scanning electron microscope (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM) and electromagnetic measurements. The composites mainly showed nanofibers with a diameter of ca. 70 nm and a length longer than 2 μm. The surface of composites was uniformly covered with numerous nanoparticles with an average size of ca. 10–20 nm. Microwave absorption properties of polyaniline/CoRE{sub x}Fe{sub 2−x}O{sub 4} nanocomposites doped with La ion were found to be better than those doped with Ce and Y ions. For the polyaniline/CoLa{sub x}Fe{sub 2−x}O{sub 4} nanocomposite, the optimal microwave absorption performance is at x=0.15, that is, the mass ratio of La in CoLa{sub x}Fe{sub 2−x}O{sub 4} is 7.5%, with the conductivity of the composite about 0.833 S/cm. Furthermore, when the layer thickness is 2 mm, the maximum reflection loss achieves the maximum number of −42.65 dB at 15.91 GHz with a bandwidth of 6.14 GHz above −10 dB loss, suggesting that these nanocomposites are excellent in microwave absorbing capacity. - Graphical abstract: Scheme PAn/CoRE{sub x}Fe{sub 2−x}O{sub 4} nanocomposites prepared via a novel coordination-oxidative polymerization-hydrothermal route. - Highlights: • An organic–inorganic hybrid―polyaniline/CoRE{sub x}Fe{sub 2−x}O{sub 4} (RE=La, Ce, Y, x=0.05–0.25) nanocomposites was prepared via a novel coordination-oxidative polymerization-hydrothermal route. • The as-prepared polyaniline/CoRE{sub x}Fe{sub 2−x}O{sub 4} nanocomposites exhibit excellent microwave absorbing performance compared with the composites prepared by using conventional method. • The novel method reported in this work could

Rare earth ions doped polyaniline/cobalt ferrite nanocomposites via a novel coordination-oxidative polymerization-hydrothermal route: Preparation and microwave-absorbing properties

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Yang, Chunming; Jiang, Junjun; Liu, Xiaohua; Yin, Chengjie; Deng, Cuifen

2016-01-01

Polyaniline/CoRE_xFe_2_−_xO_4 (RE=La, Ce, Y, x=0.05–0.25) nanocomposites were successfully synthesized by a novel coordination-oxidative polymerization-hydrothermal method, and doped by sulfosalicylic acid. The resultant nanocomposites were characterized by scanning electron microscope (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM) and electromagnetic measurements. The composites mainly showed nanofibers with a diameter of ca. 70 nm and a length longer than 2 μm. The surface of composites was uniformly covered with numerous nanoparticles with an average size of ca. 10–20 nm. Microwave absorption properties of polyaniline/CoRE_xFe_2_−_xO_4 nanocomposites doped with La ion were found to be better than those doped with Ce and Y ions. For the polyaniline/CoLa_xFe_2_−_xO_4 nanocomposite, the optimal microwave absorption performance is at x=0.15, that is, the mass ratio of La in CoLa_xFe_2_−_xO_4 is 7.5%, with the conductivity of the composite about 0.833 S/cm. Furthermore, when the layer thickness is 2 mm, the maximum reflection loss achieves the maximum number of −42.65 dB at 15.91 GHz with a bandwidth of 6.14 GHz above −10 dB loss, suggesting that these nanocomposites are excellent in microwave absorbing capacity. - Graphical abstract: Scheme PAn/CoRE_xFe_2_−_xO_4 nanocomposites prepared via a novel coordination-oxidative polymerization-hydrothermal route. - Highlights: • An organic–inorganic hybrid―polyaniline/CoRE_xFe_2_−_xO_4 (RE=La, Ce, Y, x=0.05–0.25) nanocomposites was prepared via a novel coordination-oxidative polymerization-hydrothermal route. • The as-prepared polyaniline/CoRE_xFe_2_−_xO_4 nanocomposites exhibit excellent microwave absorbing performance compared with the composites prepared by using conventional method. • The novel method reported in this work could be employed to prepare other conductive polymers/inorganic nanocomposites as well.

Preparation and Application of LDPE/ZnO Nanocomposites for Extending Shelf Life of Fresh Strawberries

OpenAIRE

Emamifar, Aryou; Mohammadizadeh, Mehri

2015-01-01

Strawberries have a very short post-harvest life mostly due to their relatively high water content, intense metabolic activity and susceptibility to microbial rot. Antimicrobial low-density polyethylene nanocomposite films containing ZnO nanoparticles at different mass fractions were prepared by melt mixing and followed by compression moulding using a hot press machine. Fresh strawberries were packed in nanocomposite films and stored at 4 °C. Their microbial stability, ascorbic acid content a...

Design and development of anisotropic inorganic/polystyrene nanocomposites by surface modification of zinc oxide nanoparticles

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Han, Xiao [School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092 (China); Research Center for Translational Medicine, East Hospital, the Institute for Biomedical Engineering & Nano Science, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092 (China); Huang, Shiming [Department of Physics, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092 (China); Wang, Yilong, E-mail: yilongwang@tongji.edu.cn [Research Center for Translational Medicine, East Hospital, the Institute for Biomedical Engineering & Nano Science, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092 (China); Shi, Donglu, E-mail: shid@ucmail.uc.edu [Research Center for Translational Medicine, East Hospital, the Institute for Biomedical Engineering & Nano Science, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092 (China); The Materials Science and Engineering Program, College of Engineering and Applied Science, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45221 (United States)

2016-07-01

Anisotropic yolk/shell or Janus inorganic/polystyrene nanocomposites were prepared by combining miniemulsion polymerization and sol–gel reaction. The morphologies of the anisotropic composites were found to be greatly influenced by surface modification of zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticle seeds. Two different types of the oleic acid modified ZnO nanoparticles (OA-ZnO) were prepared by post-treatment of commercial ZnO powder and homemade OA-ZnO nanoparticles. The morphologies and properties of the nanocomposites were investigated by transmission electron microscope (TEM), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), dynamic light scattering (DLS), and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX). It was found that both post-treated OA-ZnO and in-situ prepared OA-ZnO nanoparticles resulted in the yolk–shell and Janus structure nanocomposites, but with varied size and morphology. These nanocomposites showed stable and strong fluorescence by introducing quantum dots as the co-seeds. The fluorescent anisotropic nanocomposites were decorated separately with surface carboxyl and hydroxyl groups. These composites with unique anisotropic properties will have high potential in biomedical applications, particularly in bio-detection. - Graphical abstract: Design and development of anisotropic inorganic/polystyrene nanocomposites by surface modification of zinc oxide nanoparticles. - Highlights: • Non-magnetic anisotropic yolk/shell or Janus nanocomposites are prepared and characterized. • Different surface modification of zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles results in varied morphology and size of the final product. • Fluorescent anisotropic nanocomposites embodying quantum dots are an ideal candidate for bio-detection applications.

The Pulse Thermal Processing of NdFeB-Based Nanocomposite Magnets

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Jin, Z. Q. [University of Texas; Wang, Z. L. [Georgia Institute of Technology; Liu, J. P. [University of Texas; Kadolkar, Puja [ORNL; Ott, Ronald D [ORNL

2006-01-01

Pulse-thermal processing (PTP) based on high-density plasma arc lamp technology has been utilized to crystallize melt-spun NdFeB-based amorphous ribbons to form magnetic nanocomposites consisting of Nd{sub 2}Fe{sub 14}B and {alpha}-Fe phases. After applying suitable pulses, the NdFeB-based ribbons were developed with hard magnetic properties. The highest coercivity can be obtained for ribbons with a thickness of 40 {micro}m after PTP treatments consisting of a 400 A pulse for 0.25 s for ten times. The correlation between PTP parameters and magnetic properties indicates that PTP is an effective approach to control the structure and properties of nanostructured magnetic materials.

Preparation and characterization of porous carbon–titania nanocomposite films as solar selective absorbers

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Cheng, B.; Wang, K.K.; Wang, K.P.; Li, M.; Jiang, W.; Cong, B.J.; Song, C.L.; Jia, S.H.; Han, G.R.; Liu, Y.

2015-01-01

Highlights: • The nanocomposites porous C/TiO 2 film were fabricated via PIPS method. • The HRTEM reveals the size of carbon nanoparticles is about 1.1 nm. • The PVP advantages residual carbon content but suppresses its crystallization. • The film exhibits high α (0.928–0.959) with low ε (0.074–0.105) for single layer. - Abstract: Newly proposed selective solar absorbers of porous carbon–titania nanocomposite films with a well-defined interconnected macropores structure were prepared via a polymer-assisted photopolymerization-induced phase-separation method. The microstructure and optical properties of as-deposited nanocomposite films were characterized and discussed in detail. The results show that non-ionic water-soluble polymer polyvinylpyrrolidone works as a sol modifier advantaging the mean size of the interconnected macropores, residual carbon content, and films thickness, but suppresses the order degree of the carbon remained in the films. The high-resolution transmission electron microscopy demonstrated that a small amount of graphite particles with size of around 1.1 nm embedded in the cavity of the porous while the wall of the porous consists of amorphous carbon and titania composites. The single layer of as-prepared porous C/TiO 2 nanocomposite films exhibits high solar absorptance (α = 0.928–0.959) with low thermal emittance (ε = 0.074–0.105), yielding an optimized photothermal conversion efficiency η = α − ε of 0.864 corresponding to a film thickness of around 338 nm, indication of such film is fair enough to serve as an excellent solar absorber

Comparison of the Nanostructure and Mechanical Performance of Highly Exfoliated Epoxy-Clay Nanocomposites Prepared by Three Different Protocols

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Fatemeh Shiravand

2014-05-01

Full Text Available Three different protocols for the preparation of polymer layered silicate nanocomposites based upon a tri-functional epoxy resin, triglycidyl para-amino phenol (TGAP, have been compared in respect of the cure kinetics, the nanostructure and their mechanical properties. The three preparation procedures involve 2 wt% and 5 wt% of organically modified montmorillonite (MMT, and are: isothermal cure at selected temperatures; pre-conditioning of the resin-clay mixture before isothermal cure; incorporation of an initiator of cationic homopolymerisation, a boron tri-fluoride methyl amine complex, BF3·MEA, within the clay galleries. It was found that features of the cure kinetics and of the nanostructure correlate with the measured impact strength of the cured nanocomposites, which increases as the degree of exfoliation of the MMT is improved. The best protocol for toughening the TGAP/MMT nanocomposites is by the incorporation of 1 wt% BF3·MEA into the clay galleries of nanocomposites containing 2 wt% MMT.

Comparison of the Nanostructure and Mechanical Performance of Highly Exfoliated Epoxy-Clay Nanocomposites Prepared by Three Different Protocols.

Science.gov (United States)

Shiravand, Fatemeh; Hutchinson, John M; Calventus, Yolanda; Ferrando, Francesc

2014-05-30

Three different protocols for the preparation of polymer layered silicate nanocomposites based upon a tri-functional epoxy resin, triglycidyl para -amino phenol (TGAP), have been compared in respect of the cure kinetics, the nanostructure and their mechanical properties. The three preparation procedures involve 2 wt% and 5 wt% of organically modified montmorillonite (MMT), and are: isothermal cure at selected temperatures; pre-conditioning of the resin-clay mixture before isothermal cure; incorporation of an initiator of cationic homopolymerisation, a boron tri-fluoride methyl amine complex, BF₃·MEA, within the clay galleries. It was found that features of the cure kinetics and of the nanostructure correlate with the measured impact strength of the cured nanocomposites, which increases as the degree of exfoliation of the MMT is improved. The best protocol for toughening the TGAP/MMT nanocomposites is by the incorporation of 1 wt% BF₃·MEA into the clay galleries of nanocomposites containing 2 wt% MMT.

Preparation of Mesoporous Carbons from Acrylonitrile-methyl Methacrylate Copolymer/Silica Nanocomposites Synthesized by in-situ Emulsion Polymerization

Institute of Scientific and Technical Information of China (English)

BAO Yongzhong; ZHAO Wenting; HUANG Zhiming

2013-01-01

Acrylonitrile-methyl methacrylate (AN-MMA) copolymer/silica nanocomposites were synthesized by in-situ emulsion polymerization initiated by 2,2′-azobis(2-amidinopropane) dihydrochloride absorbed onto colloidal silica particles,and the mesoporous carbon materials were prepared through carbonization of the obtained AN-MMA copolymer/silica nanocomposites,followed by HF etching.Thermogravimetric analysis of AN-MMA copolymer/silica nanocomposites showed that the carbon yield of copolymer was slightly decreased as silica particle incorporated.N2 adsorption-desorption,scan electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) were used to characterize the structure and morphology of the mesoporous carbon materials.Both SEM and TEM results showed that disordered mesopores were formed in the obtained carbon material mainly through templating effect of silica nanoparticles.The diameter of mesopores was mainly distributed in the range from 5 nm to 15 nm.The mean pore diameter and total pore volume of the material increased as the mass fraction of silica in the nanocomposites increased from 0 to 24.93％.The significant increase of the mean pore diameter and the decrease of surface area for the carbon material prepared from the nanocomposite with 24.93％ silica were caused by partial aggregation of silica nanoparticles in the polymer matrix.

Adsorption and possible dissociation of glucose by the [BN fullerene-B6]- magnetic nanocomposite. In silico studies

Science.gov (United States)

Anota, E. Chigo; Villanueva, M. Salazar; Shakerzadeh, E.; Castro, M.

2018-02-01

The adsorption, activation and possible dissociation of the glucose molecule on the magnetic [BN fullerene-B6]- system is performed by means of density functional theory calculations. Three models of magnetic nanocomposites were inspected: i) pristine BN fullerene, BN fullerene functionalized with a magnetic B6 cluster which generates two structures: ii) pyramidal (P) and iii) triangular (T). Chemical interactions of glucose appear for all these cases; however, for the BNF:B6(T)—glucose system, the interaction generates an effect of dissociation on glucose, due to the magnetic effects, since it has high spin multiplicity. The latter nanocomposite shows electronic behavior like-conductor and like-semi-conductor for the P and T geometries, respectively. Intrinsic magnetism associated to values of 1.0 magneton bohr (µB) for the pyramidal and 5.0 µB for the triangular structure, high polarity, and low-chemical reactivity are found for these systems. These interesting properties make these functionalized fullerenes a good option for being used as nano-vehicles for drug delivery. These quantum descriptors remain invariant when the [BN]-fullerene and [BNF:B6 (P) or (T)]- nanocomposites are interacting with the glucose molecule. According to the determined adsorption energy, chemisorption regimes occur in both the phases: gas and aqueous medium.

Preparation of polymer-blended quinine nanocomposite particles by spray drying and assessment of their instrumental bitterness-masking effect using a taste sensor.

Science.gov (United States)

Taki, Moeko; Tagami, Tatsuaki; Ozeki, Tetsuya

2017-05-01

The development of taste-masking technologies for foods and drugs is essential because it would enable people to consume and receive healthy and therapeutic effect without distress. In the current study, in order to develop a novel method to prepare nanocomposite particles (microparticles containing bitter nanoparticles) in only one step, by using spray drying, a two-solution mixing nozzle-equipped spray dryer that we previously reported was used. The nanocomposite particles with or without poorly water-soluble polymers prepared using our spray-drying technique were characterized. (1) The organic solution containing quinine, a model of bitter compound and poorly water-soluble polymers and (2) sugar alcohol (mannitol) aqueous solution were separately flown in tubes and two solutions were spray dried through two-solution type spray nozzle to prepare polymer-blended quinine nanocomposite particles. Mean diameters of nanoparticles, taste-masking effect and dissolution rate of quinine were evaluated. The results of taste masking by taste sensor suggested that the polymer (Eudragit EPO, Eudragit S100 or Ethyl cellulose)-blended quinine nanocomposite particles exhibited marked masking of instrumental quinine bitterness compared with the quinine nanocomposite particles alone. Quinine nanocomposite formulations altered the quinine dissolution rate, indicating that they can control intestinal absorption of quinine. These results suggest that polymer-blended quinine composite particles prepared using our spray-drying technique are useful for masking bitter tastes in the field of food and pharmaceutical industry.

Shape-memory properties of magnetically active triple-shape nanocomposites based on a grafted polymer network with two crystallizable switching segments

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

A. Lendlein

2012-01-01

Full Text Available Thermo-sensitive shape-memory polymers (SMP, which are capable of memorizing two or more different shapes, have generated significant research and technological interest. A triple-shape effect (TSE of SMP can be activated e.g. by increasing the environmental temperature (Tenv, whereby two switching temperatures (Tsw have to be exceeded to enable the subsequent shape changes from shape (A to shape (B and finally the original shape (C. In this work, we explored the thermally and magnetically initiated shape-memory properties of triple-shape nanocomposites with various compositions and particle contents using different shape-memory creation procedures (SMCP. The nanocomposites were prepared by the incorporation of magnetite nanoparticles into a multiphase polymer network matrix with grafted polymer network architecture containing crystallizable poly(ethylene glycol (PEG side chains and poly(ε-caprolactone (PCL crosslinks named CLEGC. Excellent triple-shape properties were achieved for nanocomposites with high PEG weight fraction when two-step programming procedures were applied. In contrast, single-step programming resulted in dual-shape properties for all investigated materials as here the temporary shape (A was predominantly fixed by PCL crystallites.

A novel magnetic metal organic framework nanocomposite for extraction and preconcentration of heavy metal ions, and its optimization via experimental design methodology

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Taghizadeh, Mohsen; Asgharinezhad, Ali Akbar; Pooladi, Mohsen; Barzin, Mahnaz; Abbaszadeh, Abolfazl; Tadjarodi, Azadeh

2013-01-01

We describe a novel magnetic metal-organic framework (MOF) prepared from dithizone-modified Fe 3 O 4 nanoparticles and a copper-(benzene-1,3,5-tricarboxylate) MOF and its use in the preconcentration of Cd(II), Pb(II), Ni(II), and Zn(II) ions. The parameters affecting preconcentration were optimized by a Box-Behnken design through response surface methodology. Three variables (extraction time, amount of the magnetic sorbent, and pH value) were selected as the main factors affecting adsorption, while four variables (type, volume and concentration of the eluent; desorption time) were selected for desorption in the optimization study. Following preconcentration and elution, the ions were quantified by FAAS. The limits of detection are 0.12, 0.39, 0.98, and 1.2 ng mL −1 for Cd(II), Zn(II), Ni(II), and Pb(II) ions, respectively. The relative standard deviations were −1 of Cd(II), Zn(II), Ni(II), and Pb(II) ions. The adsorption capacities (in mg g −1 ) of this new MOF are 188 for Cd(II), 104 for Pb(II), 98 Ni(II), and 206 for Zn(II). The magnetic MOF nanocomposite has a higher capacity than the Fe 3 O 4 /dithizone conjugate. This magnetic MOF nanocomposite was successfully applied to the rapid extraction of trace quantities of heavy metal ions in fish, sediment, soil, and water samples. (author)

Preparation, characterization and X-ray attenuation property of Gd2O3-based nanocomposites

Science.gov (United States)

Jayakumar, Sangeetha; Saravanan, T.; Philip, John

2017-11-01

In an attempt to develop an alternate to lead-based X-ray shielding material, we describe the X-ray attenuation property of nanocomposites containing Gd2O3 as nanofiller and silicone resin as matrix, prepared by a simple solution-casting technique. Gd2O3 nanoparticles of size 30 and 56 nm are used at concentrations of 25 and 2.5 wt%. The nanoparticles and the nanocomposites are characterized using X-ray diffraction (XRD) studies, small angle X-ray spectroscopy (SAXS), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and atomic force microscopy (AFM). The X-ray attenuation property of nanocomposites, studied using an industrial X-ray unit, shows that nanocomposites containing nanoparticles of size 56 nm (G2) exhibit better attenuation than nanocomposites containing nanoparticles of size 30 nm (G1), which is attributed to the greater interfacial interaction between the G2 nanofillers and silicone matrix. In the case of nanocomposites containing G1 nanoparticles, the interfacial interaction between the nanofiller and the matrix is so weak that it results in pulling out of nanofillers, causing voids in the matrix, which act as X-ray transparent region, thereby reducing the overall X-ray attenuation property of G1 nanocomposites. This is further corroborated from the AFM images of the nanocomposites. The weight loss and heat flow curves of pure silicone matrix and the nanocomposites containing Gd2O3 nanoparticles of size 30 and 56 nm show the degradation of silicone resin, due to chain scission, between 403 and 622 °C. The same onset temperature (403 °C) of degradation of matrix with and without nanoparticles shows that the addition of nanofillers to the matrix does not deteriorate the thermal stability of the matrix. This confirms the thermal stability of nanocomposites. Therefore, our study shows that nanocomposites containing G2 nanoparticles are potential candidates for the development of X-ray opaque fabric material.

Conducting, magnetic polyaniline/Ba{sub 0.25}Sr{sub 0.75} Fe{sub 11}(Ni{sub 0.5}Mn{sub 0.5})O{sub 19} nanocomposite: Fabrication, characterization and application

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Ezzati, S. Noushin, E-mail: sn.ezzati@iau-saveh.ac.ir [Young Researchers and Elite Club, Saveh Branch, Islamic Azad University, Saveh (Iran, Islamic Republic of); Rabbani, Mahboubeh [Department of Chemistry, Iran University of Science and Technology, Narmak, Tehran 16846-13114 (Iran, Islamic Republic of); Leblanc, Roger M. [Department of Chemistry, University of Miami, Coral Gables, FL 33124 (United States); Asadi, Ebadullah, E-mail: ebadasadi@gmail.com [Department of Chemistry, University of Miami, Coral Gables, FL 33124 (United States); Department of Chemistry, Amirkabir University of Technology, P. O. Box: 15875-4413, Tehran (Iran, Islamic Republic of); Ezzati, S. Mohammad H. [Young Researchers and Elite Club, Saveh Branch, Islamic Azad University, Saveh (Iran, Islamic Republic of); Rahimi, Rahmatollah [Department of Chemistry, Iran University of Science and Technology, Narmak, Tehran 16846-13114 (Iran, Islamic Republic of); Azodi-Deilami, Saman [Young Researchers and Elite Club, South Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran (Iran, Islamic Republic of)

2015-10-15

In this contribution, Ni/Mn doped Barium Strontium Ferrite nanoparticles (Ba{sub 0.25}Sr{sub 0.75}Fe{sub 11}(Ni{sub 0.5}Mn{sub 0.5})O{sub 19}) and conducting polyaniline/Ba{sub 0.25}Sr{sub 0.75}Fe{sub 11}(Ni{sub 0.5}Mn{sub 0.5})O{sub 19} nanocomposite were fabricated successfully through sol–gel method and in-situ polymerization technique, respectively. Field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM), Energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy analysis (EDX), X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), Mössbauer spectroscopic measurements and Fourier transform infrared spectroscope (FT-IR) analyses were adopted to confirm the composition, morphology and structure of materials. The obtained results revealed the formation of hexagonal M-type rod-shape ferrite with average particle size of about 45 nm (according to XRD data, using Debye–Scherre formula). The saturation magnetization of ferrite nanoparticles and PANI/Ferrite nanocomposite reported 44.03 and 9.85 emu/g, respectively, using vibrant sample magnetometer (VSM). Standard four-point-probe technique was employed to measure the conductivity of samples. Also optical characteristic of samples was examined by means of UV–Vis and Diffuse Reflectance Spectra (DRS) techniques which proved the formation of conducting coating of emeraldine on the surface of magnetic nanoparticles. Also the UV–vis studies indicated that the ferrite nanoparticles have an optical band gap of 1.8 eV while the values of 1.65 and 2.66 eV obtained for PANI/Ferrite nanocomposite. Finally, the microwave absorption properties of prepared nanoferrite and nanocomposite at different thicknesses (2, 3 and 4 mm) were determined at the X-band (8–12 GHz) using vector network analyzer (VNA). In this study, minimum reflection loss of −21.68 dB and maximum available bandwidth of 4.8 GHz were obtained for PANI/Ferrite (20 wt% ferrite) at the frequency of 10.6 GHz. The results suggested the fabricated nanocomposite could be a suitable candidate for

High-frequency spin-dependent tunnelling in magnetic nanocomposites: Magnetorefractive effect and magnetoimpedance

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Granovsky, Alexander [Faculty of Physics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow 119992 (Russian Federation)]. E-mail: granov@magn.ru; Kozlov, Andrey [Faculty of Physics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow 119992 (Russian Federation); Nedukh, Sergey [Institute of Radiophysics and Electronics NAS of Ukraine, Kharkov 61085 (Ukraine); Tarapov, Sergey [Institute of Radiophysics and Electronics NAS of Ukraine, Kharkov 61085 (Ukraine)

2005-07-15

Since the dielectric permittivity is linear with frequency-dependent conductivity, high-frequency properties for any kind of magnetic materials with the high magnetoresistance depend on magnetization. It manifests as magnetorefractive effect (MRE) in the infrared region of spectrum and as magnetoimpedance (MI) in the frequency range between radio and microwaves. The main mechanism of both MRE and MI in nanocomposites with tunnel-type magnetoresistance is high-frequency spin-dependent tunnelling. We report on recent results of theoretical and experimental investigations of MRE and MI in nanocomposites Co{sub 51.5}Al{sub 19.5}O{sub 29}, Co{sub 50.2}Ti{sub 9.1}O{sub 40.7}, Co{sub 52.3}Si{sub 12.2}O{sub 35.5} and (Co{sub 0,4}Fe{sub 0,6}){sub 48}(MgF){sub 52}. Most of the obtained experimental data for MRE and MI are consistent with the theory based on considering the tunnel junction between adjacent granules in percolation cluster as a capacitor.

Electrochromic nanocomposite films

Science.gov (United States)

Milliron, Delia; Llordes, Anna; Buonsanti, Raffaella; Garcia, Guillermo

2018-04-10

The present invention provides an electrochromic nanocomposite film. In an exemplary embodiment, the electrochromic nanocomposite film, includes (1) a solid matrix of oxide based material and (2) transparent conducting oxide (TCO) nanostructures embedded in the matrix. In a further embodiment, the electrochromic nanocomposite film farther includes a substrate upon which the matrix is deposited. The present invention also provides a method of preparing an electrochromic nanocomposite film.

Influence of cobalt content on the structure and hard magnetic properties of nanocomposite (Fe,Co)-Pt-B alloys

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Grabias, A., E-mail: agnieszka.grabias@itme.edu.pl [Institute of Electronic Materials Technology, Wólczyńska 133, 01-919 Warsaw (Poland); Kopcewicz, M. [Institute of Electronic Materials Technology, Wólczyńska 133, 01-919 Warsaw (Poland); Latuch, J.; Oleszak, D. [Faculty of Materials Science and Engineering, Warsaw University of Technology, Wołoska 141, 02-507 Warsaw (Poland); Pękała, M. [Department of Chemistry, University of Warsaw, Al. Żwirki i Wigury 101, 02-089 Warsaw (Poland); Kowalczyk, M. [Faculty of Materials Science and Engineering, Warsaw University of Technology, Wołoska 141, 02-507 Warsaw (Poland)

2017-07-15

Highlights: • Nanocomposite alloys were formed by annealing of the rapidly quenched alloys. • Magnetically hard L1{sub 0} (Fe,Co)Pt and soft (Fe,Co){sub 2}B or (Fe,Co)B were formed. • Mössbauer spectra revealed Co substitution for Fe in L1{sub 0} FePt, FeB and Fe{sub 2}B phases. • Annealed alloys exhibit hard magnetic properties which depend on phase compositions. • Co addition was found to decrease the magnetization and the energy product. - Abstract: The influence of Co content on the structural and hard magnetic properties of two sets of nanocrystalline Fe{sub 52−x}Co{sub x}Pt{sub 28}B{sub 20} (x = 0–26) and Fe{sub 60−y}Co{sub y}Pt{sub 25}B{sub 15} (y = 0–40) alloys was studied. The alloys were prepared as ribbons by the rapid quenching technique. The nanocomposite structure in the alloys was obtained by annealing at 840–880 K for 30 min. Structural characterization of the samples was performed using the Mössbauer spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction. Magnetic properties of the samples were studied by the measurements of the hysteresis loops and of the magnetization at increasing temperatures. An amorphous phase prevailed in the as-quenched Fe{sub 52−x}Co{sub x}Pt{sub 28}B{sub 20} alloys while a disordered solid solution of fcc-(Fe,Co)Pt was a dominating phase in the Fe{sub 60−y}Co{sub y}Pt{sub 25}B{sub 15} ribbons. Differential scanning calorimetry measurements revealed one or two exothermic peaks at temperatures up to 993 K, depending on the composition of the alloys. Thermal treatment of the samples led to the formation of the magnetically hard ordered L1{sub 0} tetragonal (Fe,Co)Pt nanocrystallites and magnetically softer phases of (Fe,Co)B (for Fe{sub 52−x}Co{sub x}Pt{sub 28}B{sub 20}) or (Fe,Co){sub 2}B (for Fe{sub 60−y}Co{sub y}Pt{sub 25}B{sub 15}). Detailed Mössbauer spectroscopy studies revealed that cobalt substituted for iron in both the L1{sub 0} phase and in iron borides. The nanocomposite Fe{sub 60−y}Co{sub y

Synthesis, characterization and photocatalytic activity of Fe2O3-TiO2 nanoparticles and nanocomposites

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

M. Ahmadi Golsefidi

2016-01-01

Full Text Available In this pepper Fe2O3 nanoparticles were synthesized via a fast microwave method. Then Fe2O3-TiO2 nanocomposites were synthesized by a sonochemical-assisted method. The prepared products were characterized by X-ray diffraction pattern, scanning electron microscopy and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. The photocatalytic behaviour of Fe2O3-TiO2 nanocomposites was evaluated using the degradation of Rhodamine B under ultra violet irradiation. The results show that nanocomposites have applicable magnetic and photocatalytic performance.

Preparation and Sustained-Release Property of Triblock Copolymer/Calcium Phosphate Nanocomposite as Nanocarrier for Hydrophobic Drug

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Cao Shao-Wen

2010-01-01

Full Text Available Abstract The P123/ACP nanocomposite with sizes less than 100 nm consisting of triblock copolymer P123 and amorphous calcium phosphate (ACP has been prepared by using an aqueous solution containing CaCl2, (NH43PO4, and P123 at room temperature. The P123/ACP nanocomposite is used as the nanocarrier for hydrophobic drug ibuprofen, based on the combined advantages of both amphiphilic block copolymer and calcium phosphate delivery system. The P123/ACP nanocomposite has a much higher ibuprofen loading capacity (148 mg/g than the single-phase calcium phosphate nanostructures. The drug release percentage of the P123/ACP nanocomposite in simulated body fluid reaches about 100% in a period of 156 h, which is much slower than that of single-phase calcium phosphate nanostructures. It is expected that the P123/ACP nanocomposite is promising for the application in the controlled delivery of hydrophobic drugs.

Interfaces exchange bias and magnetic properties of ordered CoFe_2O_4/Co_3O_4 nanocomposites

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Zhang, B.B.; Xu, J.C.; Wang, P.F.; Han, Y.B.; Hong, B.; Jin, H.X.; Jin, D.F.; Peng, X.L.; Li, J.; Yang, Y.T.; Gong, J.; Ge, H.L.; Wang, X.Q.

2015-01-01

Graphical abstract: - Highlights: • CoFe_2O_4 nanoparticles were well-dispersed anchored in mesopores of Co_3O_4. • The magnetic behavior of nanocomposites changed greatly at low temperature. • CoFe_2O_4 nanoparticles reinforced the interfaces magnetic interaction of nanocomposites. • M increased with the doping of CoFe_2O_4 and the decreasing temperature. • Exchange bias effect was observed at 100 K and increased with the doping of CoFe_2O_4. - Abstract: Cobalt ferrites (CoFe_2O_4) nanoparticles were implanted into the ordered mesoporous cobaltosic oxide (Co_3O_4) nanowires to synthesize magnetic CoFe_2O_4/Co_3O_4 nanocomposites. X-ray diffraction (XRD), N_2 physical absorption–desorption, transmission electron microscope (TEM) and energy disperse spectroscopy (EDS) were used to characterize the microstructure of mesoporous Co_3O_4 and CoFe_2O_4/Co_3O_4 nanocomposites. The percent of pore-volume of mesoporous Co_3O_4 nanowires was calculated to be about 41.99% and CoFe_2O_4 nanoparticles were revealed to exist in the mesopores of Co_3O_4_. The magnetic behavior of both samples were investigated with superconducting quantum interference device (SQUID). Magnetization increased with the doping CoFe_2O_4 and decreasing temperature, while coercivity hardly changed. The exchange bias effect was obviously observed at 100 K and enhanced with the doping CoFe_2O_4. CoFe_2O_4 nanoparticles reinforced the interfaces magnetic interaction between antiferromagnetic Co_3O_4 and ferrimagnetic CoFe_2O_4.

Synthesis of Co/MFe(2)O(4) (M = Fe, Mn) Core/Shell Nanocomposite Particles.

Science.gov (United States)

Peng, Sheng; Xie, Jin; Sun, Shouheng

2008-01-01

Monodispersed cobalt nanoparticles (NPs) with controllable size (8-14 nm) have been synthesized using thermal decomposition of dicobaltoctacarbonyl in organic solvent. The as-synthesized high magnetic moment (125 emu/g) Co NPs are dispersible in various organic solvents, and can be easily transferred into aqueous phase by surface modification using phospholipids. However, the modified hydrophilic Co NPs are not stable as they are quickly oxidized, agglomerated in buffer. Co NPs are stabilized by coating the MFe(2)O(4) (M = Fe, Mn) ferrite shell. Core/shell structured bimagnetic Co/MFe(2)O(4) nanocomposites are prepared with tunable shell thickness (1-5 nm). The Co/MFe(2)O(4) nanocomposites retain the high magnetic moment density from the Co core, while gaining chemical and magnetic stability from the ferrite shell. Comparing to Co NPs, the nanocomposites show much enhanced stability in buffer solution at elevated temperatures, making them promising for biomedical applications.

Characterization of silver/polystyrene nanocomposites prepared by in situ bulk radical polymerization

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Vukoje, Ivana D., E-mail: ivanav@vinca.rs [Vinča Institute of Nuclear Sciences, University of Belgrade, P.O. Box 522, 11001 Belgrade (Serbia); Vodnik, Vesna V., E-mail: vodves@vinca.rs [Vinča Institute of Nuclear Sciences, University of Belgrade, P.O. Box 522, 11001 Belgrade (Serbia); Džunuzović, Jasna V., E-mail: jasnav2002@googlemail.com [Institute of Chemistry, Technology and Metallurgy (ICTM)-Center of Chemistry, University of Belgrade, Studentski trg 12-16, 11000 Belgrade (Serbia); Džunuzović, Enis S., E-mail: edzunuzovic@tmf.bg.ac.rs [Faculty of Technology and Metallurgy, University of Belgrade, Karnegijeva 4, 11120 Belgrade (Serbia); Marinović-Cincović, Milena T., E-mail: milena@vinca.rs [Vinča Institute of Nuclear Sciences, University of Belgrade, P.O. Box 522, 11001 Belgrade (Serbia); Jeremić, Katarina, E-mail: kjeremic@tmf.bg.ac.rs [Faculty of Technology and Metallurgy, University of Belgrade, Karnegijeva 4, 11120 Belgrade (Serbia); Nedeljković, Jovan M., E-mail: jovned@vinca.rs [Vinča Institute of Nuclear Sciences, University of Belgrade, P.O. Box 522, 11001 Belgrade (Serbia)

2014-01-01

Graphical abstract: - Highlights: • Synthesis and characterization of polystyrene nanocomposites based on Ag nanoparticles. • The glass transition temperature decreased in nanocomposites with respect to the pure polymer. • Resistance of the polymer to thermal degradation enhanced with Ag nanoparticles content. - Abstract: Nanocomposites (NCs) with different content of silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs) embeded in polystyrene (PS) matrix were prepared by in situ bulk radical polymerization. The nearly monodisperse Ag NPs protected with oleylamine were synthesized via organic solvo-thermal method and further used as a filler. The as-prepared spherical Ag NPs with diameter of 7.0 ± 1.5 nm were well dispersed in the PS matrix. The structural properties of the resulting Ag/PS NCs were characterized by transmission electron microscope (TEM) and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, while optical properties were characterized using optical absorption measurements. The gel permeation chromatography (GPC) measurements showed that the presence of Ag NPs stabilized with oleylamine has no influence on the molecular weight and polydispersity of the PS matrix. The influence of silver content on the thermal properties of Ag/PS NCs was investigated by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). The results indicated that resistance of PS to thermal degradation was improved upon incorporation of Ag NPs. The Ag/PS NCs have lower glass transition temperatures than neat PS because loosely packed oleylamine molecules at the interface caused the increase of free volume and chain segments mobility near the surface of Ag NPs.

Preparation of highly photocatalytic active CdS/TiO{sub 2} nanocomposites by combining chemical bath deposition and microwave-assisted hydrothermal synthesis

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Li, Li, E-mail: qqhrll@163.com [College of Materials Science and Engineering, Qiqihar University, Qiqihar 161006 (China); Key Laboratory of Composite Modified Material of Colleges in Heilongjiang Province, Qiqihar 161006 (China); Wang, Lili [College of Materials Science and Engineering, Qiqihar University, Qiqihar 161006 (China); Hu, Tianyu [College of Environment and Resources, Jilin University, Changchun 130024 (China); Zhang, Wenzhi; Zhang, Xiuli; Chen, Xi [College of Materials Science and Engineering, Qiqihar University, Qiqihar 161006 (China)

2014-10-15

CdS/TiO{sub 2} nanocomposites were prepared from Cd and Ti (1:1 M ratio) using cetyltrimethylammonium bromide by a two-step chemical bath deposition (CBD) and microwave-assisted hydrothermal synthesis (MAHS) method. A series of nanocomposites with different morphologies and activities were prepared by varying the reaction time in the MAHS (2, 4, and 6 h). The crystal structure, morphology, and surface physicochemical properties of the nanocomposites were characterized by X-ray diffraction, UV–visible diffuse reflectance spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and N{sub 2} adsorption–desorption measurements. The results show that the CdS/TiO{sub 2} nanocomposites were composed of anatase TiO{sub 2} and hexagonal CdS phases with strong absorption in the visible region. The surface morphologies changed slightly with increasing microwave irradiation time, while the Brunauer–Emmett–Teller surface area increased remarkably. The photocatalytic degradation of methyl orange (MO) was investigated under UV light and simulated sunlight irradiation. The photocatalytic activity of the CdS/TiO{sub 2} (6 h) composites prepared by the MAHS method was higher than those of CdS, P25, and other CdS/TiO{sub 2} nanocomposites. The CdS/TiO{sub 2} (6 h) nanocomposites significantly affected the UV and microwave-assisted photocatalytic degradation of different dyes. To elucidate the photocatalytic reaction mechanism for the CdS/TiO{sub 2} nanocomposites, controlled experiments were performed by adding different radical scavengers. - Graphical abstract: CdS/TiO{sub 2} nanocomposites were prepared using CTAB by CBD combined with MAHS method. In addition, with increasing microwave irradiation time, the morphology of CdS/TiO{sub 2} changed from popcorn-like to wedge-like structure. - Highlights: • The CdS/TiO{sub 2} was prepared by CBD combined with MAHS two-step method under CTAB. • The morphologies of as-samples were different with the time of

Development of nanocomposites based on potato starch

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Brito, Luciana Macedo; Tavares, Maria Ines Bruno

2013-01-01

Nanocomposites of potato starch were prepared by the solution intercalation method with the addition of organically modified montmorillonite clay (Viscogel B and unmodified sodic clay (NT25) as well as modified and unmodified silica (R972 and A200, respectively), using water as the solvent. The nanocomposites were characterized by conventional techniques of X-ray diffraction and thermogravimetric analysis. They were also characterized using the non-conventional low-field nuclear magnetic resonance, which is an effective alternative technique for characterizing nanocomposites. This technique allows one to investigate dispersion of nanofillers by the degree of intercalation and/or exfoliation, in addition to determine the distribution of nanoparticles in the polymer matrix and modifications of the molecular mobility of these fillers. The nanostructured materials obtained with the clays presented good dispersion and formation of mixed nanomaterials, with different degrees of intercalation and exfoliation. The mobility of the material decreased upon adding silica in the starch matrix, which applied to both types of silica. From the TGA technique, a slight increase in thermal stability of the nanocomposite was noted in relation to the starch matrix. (author)

A novel surface imprinted polymer/magnetic hydroxyapatite nanocomposite for selective dibenzothiophene scavenging

Science.gov (United States)

Ali, Hager R.; El-Maghrabi, Heba H.; Zahran, Fouad; Moustafa, Yasser Mohamed

2017-12-01

Highly selective adsorbent for dibenzothiophene (DBT) was successfully designed and prepared. Molecularly imprinted polymer (MIP) and magnetic hydroxyapatite (MHAP) were used as building blocks for the novel nanocomposite adsorbent. MIP/MHAP was synthesized by grafting polymerization and surface molecular imprinting using DBT as a template molecule. The microstructure and morphology of the designed nanoadsorbent were examined via FTIR, SEM and VSM. Specific surface area and pore size distribution were determined by Quantachrome Nova 3200S automated gas sorption apparatus. Additionally, static adsorption experiments, isotherms and selective recognition adsorption studies were carried out. Reversed-phase high performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC) was used to determine DBT. The experimental data exhibits excellent adsorption capacity for DBT reaches 247 mg/g within 60 min. Competitive adsorption results proved that MIP/MHAP have a greater affinity towards DBT molecules than benzothiophene analogues. Pseudo-second-order model and the Langmuir isotherm were used to describe the adsorption process.

Structural and optical characterization of In_2O_3/PANI nanocomposite prepared by in-situ polymerization

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Janeoo, Shashi; Sharma, Mamta; Goswamy, J.; Singh, Gurinder

2016-01-01

Polyaniline-indium oxide (In_2O_3/PANI) nanocomposite have been prepared by in-situ polymerization of aniline and as-synthesized In_2O_3 nanoparticles. X-ray diffraction (XRD), Transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Fourier transformation infrared (FTIR) and UV/Vis spectroscopy techniques are used to investigate the structural and optical properties of In_2O_3/PANI nanocomposite. TEM analysis shows In_2O_3 nanoparticles are embedded in PANI nanofibers. FTIR spectra show the good interactions between PANI nanofibers and In_2O_3 nanoparticles. The band gap and electronic transitions in In_2O_3/PANI nanocomposite is determined by using UV/Vis spectra.

Size-dependent cytotoxicity and inflammatory responses of PEGylated silica-iron oxide nanocomposite size series

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Injumpa, Wishulada [Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330 (Thailand); Ritprajak, Patcharee [Department of Microbiology, and RU in Oral Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Dentistry, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330 (Thailand); Insin, Numpon, E-mail: Numpon.I@chula.ac.th [Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330 (Thailand)

2017-04-01

Iron oxides nanoparticles have been utilized in biological systems and biomedical applications for many years because they are relatively safe and stable comparing to other magnetic nanomaterials. In some applications, iron oxide nanoparticles were modified with silica in order to be more stable in biological systems and able to be functionalized with various functional groups. Moreover, poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) was one on the most used polymer to graft onto the nanoparticles in order to increase their biocompatibility, dispersibility and stability in aqueous solutions. Therefore, the nanocomposites comprising iron oxide nanoparticles, silica, and PEG could become multifunctional carriers combining superparamagnetic character, multi-functionality and high stability in biological environments. Herein, we reported the preparation of the nanocomposites and effects of their sizes on cytotoxicity and inflammatory responses. The PEGylated silica-iron oxide nanocomposites were prepared by coating of poly(poly(ethylene glycol) monomethyl ether methacrylate) (PPEGMA) on magnetic nanoparticle-silica nanocomposites via Atom Transfer Radical Polymerization (ATRP). The iron oxide nanoparticles were synthesized using a thermal decomposition method. The silica shells were then coated on iron oxides nanoparticles using reverse microemulsion and sol-gel methods. The size series of the nanocomposites with the diameter of 24.86±4.38, 45.24±5.00, 98.10±8.88 and 202.22±6.70 nm as measured using TEM were obtained. Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) was used for the determination of % weight of PPEGMA on the nanocomposites showing the weight loss of ranging from 65% for smallest particles to 30% for largest particles. The various sizes (20, 40, 100, 200 nm) and concentrations (10, 100, 1000 μg/mL) of the nanocomposites were tested for their cytotoxicity in fibroblast and macrophage cell lines using MTT assay. The different sizes did not affect cell viability of fibroblast, albeit

Facile preparation of polypyrrole/graphene oxide nanocomposites with large areal capacitance using electrochemical codeposition for supercapacitors

Science.gov (United States)

Zhou, Haihan; Han, Gaoyi; Xiao, Yaoming; Chang, Yunzhen; Zhai, Hua-Jin

2014-10-01

A simple and low-cost electrochemical codeposition method has been introduced to fabricate polypyrrole/graphene oxide (PPy/GO) nanocomposites and the areal capacitance of conducting polymer/GO composites is reported for the first time. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), Transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and X-ray diffraction (XRD) are implemented to determine the PPy/GO nanocomposites are successfully prepared and the interaction between PPy and GO. The as-prepared PPy/GO nanocomposites show the curly sheet-like morphology, superior capacitive behaviors and cyclic stability. Furthermore, the varying deposition time is implemented to investigate the impact of the loading amount on electrochemical behavior of the composites, and a high areal capacitance of 152 mF cm-2 is achieved at 10 mV s-1 CV scan. However, the thicker films caused by the long deposition time would result in larger diffusion resistance of electrolyte ions, consequently exhibit the relatively lower capacitance value at the high current density. The GCD tests indicate moderate deposition time is more suitable for the fast charge/discharge. Considering the very simple and effective synthetic process, the PPy/GO nanocomposites with relatively high areal capacitance are competitive candidate for supercapacitor application, and its capacitive performances can be easily tuned by varying the deposition time.

Structural and magnetic studies on spark plasma sintered SmCo{sub 5}/Fe bulk nanocomposite magnets

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Rama Rao, N.V. [Defence Metallurgical Research Laboratory, Hyderabad 500 058 (India); Gopalan, R. [Defence Metallurgical Research Laboratory, Hyderabad 500 058 (India)]. E-mail: rg_gopy@yahoo.com; Manivel Raja, M. [Defence Metallurgical Research Laboratory, Hyderabad 500 058 (India); Chandrasekaran, V. [Defence Metallurgical Research Laboratory, Hyderabad 500 058 (India); Chakravarty, D. [International Advanced Research Centre for Powder Metallurgy and New Materials, Hyderabad 500 005 (India); Sundaresan, R. [International Advanced Research Centre for Powder Metallurgy and New Materials, Hyderabad 500 005 (India); Ranganathan, R. [Saha Institute of Nuclear Physics, Kolkata 700 064 (India); Hono, K. [National Institute for Materials Science, 1-2-1 Sengen, Tsukuba 305 0047 (Japan)

2007-05-15

SmCo{sub 5}+xwt% Fe (x=0, 5 and 10) nanocomposite powders were synthesized by mechanical milling and were consolidated into bulk shape by spark plasma sintering (SPS) technique. The evolution of structure and magnetic properties were systematically investigated in milled powders as well as in SPS samples. A maximum coercivity of 8.9kOe was achieved in spark plasma sintered SmCo{sub 5}+5wt% Fe sample. The exchange spring interaction between the hard and soft magnetic phases was evaluated using {delta}M-H measurements and the analysis revealed that the SPS sample containing 5wt% Fe had a stronger exchange coupling between the magnetic phases than that of the sample with10wt% Fe.

Magnetic resonance and antiresonance in microwave transmission through nanocomposites with Fe{sub 3}Ni{sub 2} and FeNi{sub 3} particles

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Rinkevich, A.B. [M.N. Miheev Institute of Metal Physics Ural Branch of RAS, 18 S.Kovalevskaya St, Ekaterinburg 620990 (Russian Federation); Samoylovich, M.I. [OAO TsNITI “TEKHNOMASH”, 4 Ivana Franko St, Moscow 121108 (Russian Federation); Nemytova, O.V., E-mail: mif-83@mail.ru [M.N. Miheev Institute of Metal Physics Ural Branch of RAS, 18 S.Kovalevskaya St, Ekaterinburg 620990 (Russian Federation); Kuznetsov, E.A. [Nizhny Tagil branch of the Ekaterinburg state social-pedagogical university, 57 Krasnogvardeyskaya St, Nizhny Tagil 622031 (Russian Federation)

2017-06-15

Investigation of magnetic properties and microwave resonance phenomena in nanocomposites based on opal matrices containing the particles of intermetallide of Fe{sub 3}Ni{sub 2} and FeNi{sub 3} is carried out. The interactions which lead to the resonance changes of transmission and reflection coefficients are determined. Electromagnetic properties are measured in the millimeter frequency range. Special attention is paid to comparison between static and dynamic magnetic properties of nanocomposites. Frequency dependences of magnitude of lines of resonance features are obtained. Spectra of resonance and antiresonance are studied. The conditions when the magnetic antiresonance is observed are clarified. The X-ray phase analysis of the nanocomposites is performed and their structure is studied.

Electronic and Magnetic Properties of Transition-Metal Oxide Nanocomposites: A Tight-Binding Modeling at Mesoscale

Science.gov (United States)

Tai, Yuan-Yen; Zhu, Jian-Xin

Transition metal oxides (TMOs) exhibit many emergent phenomena ranging from high-temperature superconductivity and giant magnetoresistance to magnetism and ferroelectricity. In addition, when TMOs are interfaced with each other, new functionalities can arise, which are absent in individual components. In this talk, I will present an overview on our recent efforts in theoretical understanding of the electronic and magnetic properties TMO nanocomposites. In particular, I will introduce our recently developed tight-binding modeling of these properties arising from the interplay of competing interactions at the interfaces of planar and pillar nanocomposites. Our theoretical tool package will provide a unique capability to address the emergent phenomena in TMO nanocomposites and their mesoscale response to such effects like strain and microstructures at the interfaces, and ultimately help establish design principles of new multifunctionality with TMOs. This work was carried out under the auspices of the National Nuclear Security Administration of the U.S. Department of Energy at LANL under Contract No. DE-AC52-06NA25396, and was supported by the LANL LDRD Program.

Hydrothermal synthesis of carbonyl iron-carbon nanocomposite: Characterization and electromagnetic performance

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Hakimeh Pourabdollahi

Full Text Available In this research, the electromagnetic absorption properties of the carbonyl iron-carbon (CI/C nanocomposite prepared via hydrothermal reaction using glucose as carbon precursor was studied in the range of 8.2–12.4 GHz. In hydrothermal reaction, glucose solution containing CI particles, placed in autoclave for 4 h under 453 K. Using surface coating technology is a method that prevents Cl oxidation and improves CI electromagnetic absorption. The structure, morphology and magnetic performances of the prepared nanocomposites were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD, energy dispersive spectrometry (EDS, transmission electron microscopy (TEM and vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM. The electromagnetic properties including complex permittivity (εr, the permeability (µr, dielectric loss, magnetic loss, reflection loss, and attenuation constant were investigated using a vector network analyzer. For The CI/C nanocomposite, the bandwidth of −10 dB and −20 dB were obtained in the frequency range of 9.8–12.4 and 11.0–11.8 GHz, respectively. As well as, the reflection loss was −46.69 dB at the matching frequency of 11.5 GHz, when the matching thickness was 1.3 mm. While for CI particles the reflection loss for 4.4 mm thickness was −16.86 dB at the matching frequency of 12.3 GHz. The results indicate that the existence layer of carbon on carbonyl iron enhance the electromagnetic absorbing properties. Therefore, this nanocomposite can be suitable for in the radar absorbing coatings. Keywords: Hydrothermal synthesis, Carbonyl iron-carbon nanocomposite, Microwave absorption, Reflection loss

One-step preparation of N-doped graphene/Co nanocomposite as an advanced oxygen reduction electrocatalyst

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Bai, Fo; Huang, Hao; Tan, Yanlei; Hou, Changmin; Zhang, Ping

2015-01-01

Graphical abstract: N-doped graphene/Co nanocomposites were synthesized through one-step pyrolysis process and the product exhibits high performance for ORR and excellent stability in alkaline medium. - Highlights: • N-doped graphene/Co nano-composite is directly synthesized by a one-step method from Co(NO3)2∙6H2O, glucose and dicyandiamide (DCDA). • The electrocatalytic performance of as-prepared NG/Co-0.5 shows the peak potential positively shifts about 10 mV than commercial Pt/C electrode. • The material shows an excellent stability and tolerance to methanol poisoning effects in alkaline medium. - Abstract: N-doped graphene/Co nanocomposites (NG/Co NPs) have been prepared by a simple one-step pyrolysis of Co(NO 3 ) 2 ∙6H 2 O, glucose and dicyandiamide (DCDA). The products with nitrogen doped and suitable graphitic degree perform high electrocatalytic activity (with the reduction peak at −0.099 V vs Ag/AgCl) and near four-electron selectivity for the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR), with excellent stability and durability in alkaline medium comparable to a commercial Pt/C catalyst. Owing to the superb ORR performance, low cost and facile preparation, the catalysts of NG/Co NPs have great potential applications in fuel cells, metal-air batteries and ORR-related electrochemical industries

APTES Functionalized Iron Oxide-Silver Magnetic Hetero-Nanocomposites for Selective Capture and Rapid Removal of Salmonella enteritidis from Aqueous Solution

Science.gov (United States)

Trang, Vu Thi; Dinh, Ngo Xuan; Lan, Hoang; Tam, Le Thi; Huy, Tran Quang; Tuan, Pham Anh; Phan, Vu Ngoc; Le, Anh-Tuan

2018-02-01

Magnetic nanomaterials, as a promising platform for the fast and sensitive detection of bacterial pathogens, have attracted increasing interest from researchers in recent years. In this work, by utilizing a two-step synthetic technique consisting of co-precipitation and subsequent hydrothermal reaction, followed by functionalization steps with (3-aminopropyl)triethoxysilane (APTES) and the antibody against Salmonella enteritidis, antibody-conjugated Fe3O4-Ag@APTES hetero-nanocomposites were successfully prepared. Due to the specific antibody, the developed Fe3O4-Ag@APTES@SE-Ab conjugates are capable of selectively capturing S. enteritidis at a low concentration of about 101 CFU/mL. Moreover, the prepared magnetic conjugates also revealed that the S. enteritidis could be rapidly removed from water solution in 20 min by using an external magnetic field with a removal efficiency obtained of ˜ 91.36%. These results indicated that the Fe3O4-Ag@APTES@SE-Ab conjugates are promising for the rapid selective capture and removal of bacterial pathogens from aqueous environments, and can be used for improving the detection quality of pathogens in water samples using immunosensor-based diagnostic tests.

Magnetic Cellulose Nanocrystal Based Anisotropic Polylactic Acid Nanocomposite Films: Influence on Electrical, Magnetic, Thermal, and Mechanical Properties.

Science.gov (United States)

Dhar, Prodyut; Kumar, Amit; Katiyar, Vimal

2016-07-20

This paper reports a single-step co-precipitation method for the fabrication of magnetic cellulose nanocrystals (MGCNCs) with high iron oxide nanoparticle content (∼51 wt % loading) adsorbed onto cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs). X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), and Raman spectroscopic studies confirmed that the hydroxyl groups on the surface of CNCs (derived from the bamboo pulp) acted as anchor points for the adsorption of Fe3O4 nanoparticles. The fabricated MGCNCs have a high magnetic moment, which is utilized to orient the magnetoresponsive nanofillers in parallel or perpendicular orientations inside the polylactic acid (PLA) matrix. Magnetic-field-assisted directional alignment of MGCNCs led to the incorporation of anisotropic mechanical, thermal, and electrical properties in the fabricated PLA-MGCNC nanocomposites. Thermomechanical studies showed significant improvement in the elastic modulus and glass-transition temperature for the magnetically oriented samples. Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and XRD studies confirmed that the alignment of MGCNCs led to the improvement in the percentage crystallinity and, with the absence of the cold-crystallization phenomenon, finds a potential application in polymer processing in the presence of magnetic field. The tensile strength and percentage elongation for the parallel-oriented samples improved by ∼70 and 240%, respectively, and for perpendicular-oriented samples, by ∼58 and 172%, respectively, in comparison to the unoriented samples. Furthermore, its anisotropically induced electrical and magnetic properties are desirable for fabricating self-biased electronics products. We also demonstrate that the fabricated anisotropic PLA-MGCNC nanocomposites could be laminated into films with the incorporation of directionally tunable mechanical properties. Therefore, the current study provides a novel noninvasive approach of orienting nontoxic bioderived CNCs in the presence of low

Preparation of poly(ethylene terephthalate/layered double hydroxide nanocomposites by in-situ polymerization and their thermal property

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Q. Jiao

2012-06-01

Full Text Available Terephthalate (TA intercalated layered double hydroxides (LDHs were synthesized using hydroxides as raw materials, and poly(ethylene terephthalate (PET/LDH nanocomposites with different contents of TA intercalated LDHs were prepared by in-situ polymerization. The structure, morphology and thermal property of PET/LDH nanocomposites were investigated. The TA intercalated LDHs were partially exfoliated and well dispersed in PET matrix. The PET/LDH nanocomposites exhibit enhanced thermal stability relative to pure PET, confirmed by the thermogravimetric analysis results. The results of differential scanning calorimetry suggest that LDH nanoparticles could effectively promote the nucleation and crystallization of PET.

Carbon nanotube/platinum nanoparticle nanocomposites: preparation, characterization and application in electro oxidation of alcohols

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Kalinke, Adir H.; Zarbin, Aldo J. G.

2014-01-01

The synthesis and characterization of different platinum nanoparticle/ carbon nanotube nanocomposite samples are described along with the application of these nanocomposites as electrocatalysts for alcohol oxidation. Samples were prepared by a biphasic system in which platinum nanoparticles (Pt-NPs) are synthesized in situ in contact with a carbon nanotube (CNT) dispersion. Variables including platinum precursor/CNT ratio, previous chemical treatment of carbon nanotubes, and presence or absence of a capping agent were evaluated and correlated with the characteristic of the synthesized materials. Samples were characterized by Raman spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, thermogravimetric analysis and transmission electron microscopy. Glassy carbon electrodes were modified by the nanocomposite samples and evaluated as electrocatalysts for alcohol oxidation. Current densities of 56.1 and 79.8/104.7 mA cm -2 were determined for the oxidation of methanol and ethanol, respectively. (author)

Synthesis, Optical, and Magnetic Properties of Graphene Quantum Dots and Iron Oxide Nanocomposites

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

M. Sajjad

2018-01-01

Full Text Available The combination of nanomaterial graphene quantum dots (GQDs with magnetic nanoparticles offers a unique set of optical and magnetic properties for future energy and medical applications. We report on the synthesis and engineering of GQDs and iron oxide (Fe3O4 nanocomposites (NCs by using a pulsed laser discharge technique. High-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM images showed a high yield of pure GQDs with 2–10 nm diameter. The hexagonal structures and lattice fringes associated with the C–C bond in GQDs were clearly identifiable. The structural and optical changes in GQDs and GQDs-Fe3O4 NC samples induced by UV light were investigated by the absorption and emission spectroscopy over the deep UV–visible spectral range. The photoluminescence spectra have shown subband π→π∗ transitions in GQDs-Fe3O4 NC. Magnetic properties of the GQDs-Fe3O4 NC samples have shown room temperature ferromagnetism induced by pure Fe3O4 nanoparticles and from the substantial spin polarized edges of GQD nanoparticles. It is concluded that the observed optical and magnetic properties could be further tailored in the studied nanocomposites for prospective medical applications.

Preparation and characterization of poly(methyl methacrylate)-clay nanocomposites via melt intercalation: Effect of organoclay on thermal, mechanical and flammability properties

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Unnikrishnan, Lakshmi; Mohanty, Smita [Laboratory for Advanced Research in Polymeric Materials (LARPM), Central Institute of Plastics Engineering and Technology, Bhubaneswar 751024 (India); Nayak, Sanjay K., E-mail: drsknayak@gmail.com [Laboratory for Advanced Research in Polymeric Materials (LARPM), Central Institute of Plastics Engineering and Technology, Bhubaneswar 751024 (India); Ali, Anwar [Laboratory for Advanced Research in Polymeric Materials (LARPM), Central Institute of Plastics Engineering and Technology, Bhubaneswar 751024 (India)

2011-05-15

Research highlights: {yields} The present work deals with preparation and characterization of poly(methyl methacrylate) nanocomposites via melt intercalation technique. {yields} The effect of various modified nanoclays on the properties of base matrix has been investigated. {yields} It was observed that compatibilization using maleic anhydride improved the performance characteristics of PMMA/layered silicate nanocomposites. - Abstract: The PMMA nanocomposites were prepared by melt processing method. The influence of organoclay loading on extent of intercalation, thermal, mechanical and flammability properties of poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA)-clay nanocomposites were studied. Three different organoclay modifiers with varying hydrophobicity (single tallow vs. ditallow) were investigated. The nanocomposites were characterized by using wide angle X-ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), and tensile tests. The intercalation of polymer chain within the silicate galleries was confirmed by WAXD and TEM. Mechanical properties such as tensile modulus (E), tensile strength, percentage elongation at break and impact strength were determined for nanocomposites at various clay loadings. Overall thermal stability of nanocomposites increased by 16-17 deg. C. The enhancement in T{sub g} of nanocomposite is merely by 2-4 deg. C. The incorporation of maleic anhydride as compatibilizer further enhanced all the properties indicating improved interface between PMMA and clay. The flammability characteristics were studied by determining the rate of burning and LOI.

Preparation and characterization of poly(methyl methacrylate)-clay nanocomposites via melt intercalation: Effect of organoclay on thermal, mechanical and flammability properties

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Unnikrishnan, Lakshmi; Mohanty, Smita; Nayak, Sanjay K.; Ali, Anwar

2011-01-01

Research highlights: → The present work deals with preparation and characterization of poly(methyl methacrylate) nanocomposites via melt intercalation technique. → The effect of various modified nanoclays on the properties of base matrix has been investigated. → It was observed that compatibilization using maleic anhydride improved the performance characteristics of PMMA/layered silicate nanocomposites. - Abstract: The PMMA nanocomposites were prepared by melt processing method. The influence of organoclay loading on extent of intercalation, thermal, mechanical and flammability properties of poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA)-clay nanocomposites were studied. Three different organoclay modifiers with varying hydrophobicity (single tallow vs. ditallow) were investigated. The nanocomposites were characterized by using wide angle X-ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), and tensile tests. The intercalation of polymer chain within the silicate galleries was confirmed by WAXD and TEM. Mechanical properties such as tensile modulus (E), tensile strength, percentage elongation at break and impact strength were determined for nanocomposites at various clay loadings. Overall thermal stability of nanocomposites increased by 16-17 deg. C. The enhancement in T g of nanocomposite is merely by 2-4 deg. C. The incorporation of maleic anhydride as compatibilizer further enhanced all the properties indicating improved interface between PMMA and clay. The flammability characteristics were studied by determining the rate of burning and LOI.

Synthesis and characterization of luminescence magnetic nanocomposite

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Kiplagat, Ayabei [DST/Mintek Nanotechnology Innovation Centre, Department of Chemistry, University of the Western Cape, Private Bag X17, Bellville (South Africa); Onani, Martin O., E-mail: monani@uwc.ac.za [DST/Mintek Nanotechnology Innovation Centre, Department of Chemistry, University of the Western Cape, Private Bag X17, Bellville (South Africa); Meyer, Mervin [DST/Mintek Nanotechnology Innovation Centre, Department of Biotechnology, University of the Western Cape, Private Bag X17, Bellville (South Africa); Akenga, Teresa A. [Department of Chemistry, University of Eldoret, P.O. Box 1125, Eldoret (Kenya); Dejene, Francis B. [Department of Physics, University of the Free State, QwaQwa Campus, Private Bag X13, Phuthadithaba 9866 (South Africa)

2016-01-01

We report a new type of indium based quantum dots which were conjugated to the magnetic Fe{sub 2}O{sub 3} nanoparticles. They were characterized by photoluminescence (PL), high resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM), superconducting quantum interference device (SQUID) and fourier transform infra-red (FTIR). The photoluminescence characteristics of the coupled and uncoupled indium based quantum dots were investigated to determine whether the fluorescing property could be retained in the bifunctional system. Generally, the PL intensity of the quantum dots was observed to reduce significantly and with huge red shift most probably due to quenching effects for the MNPs. The average size of the coupled nanoparticles were found to range between 4 and 5 nm for the quantum dots and range of 6–13 nm for the Fe{sub 2}O{sub 3} magnetic nanoparticles as revealed by both HRTEM and XRD. The highest magnetic saturation reached for both bare and functionalized magnetic nanoparticles was 68.58 emu/g. The FTIR data revealed that the postulated functional groups were actually present in both the bare and functionalized nanoparticles. For instance, Fe–O was observed at around 580 cm{sup −1}, O–H at 3432 cm{sup −1} and thiol group at 2929 cm{sup −1} for meso-2,3-dimercaptosuccinic acid capped Fe{sub 2}O{sub 3} magnetic nanoparticles. The energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) also confirmed that all the elements of the nanocomposite were actually present in the designed material.

A magnetic nanocomposite for biomimetic flow sensing

KAUST Repository

Alfadhel, Ahmed

2014-01-01

A magnetic nanocomposite has been implemented as artificial hair on a giant magnetoimpedance (GMI) thin-film sensor for flow sensing. The 500 μm long and 100 μm in diameter pillars are composed of iron nanowires incorporated in polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS). The nanowires\\' length and diameter are 6 μm and 35 nm, respectively. Upon fluid flow, the pillars are deflected, causing a change in the magnetic field at the GMI element and a corresponding change in impedance. The permanent magnetic behavior of the nanowires in combination with the GMI sensor and the high elasticity of the PDMS pillars result in a high-performance flow sensor with low power consumption and potential for remote detection. No additional magnetic field is required to magnetize the nanowires or bias the sensor, which simplifies miniaturization and integration in microsystems. At a power consumption of 31.6 μW, air flow rates up to 190 mm s-1 can be detected with a sensitivity of 24 mΩ (mm)-1 s and a resolution of 0.56 mm s-1 while the range for water flow is up to 7.8 mm s-1 with a sensitivity of 0.9 Ω (mm)-1 s and a resolution of 15 μm s-1. When power consumption is reduced to as low as 80 nW a high resolution of 32 μm s-1 is still maintained.

Preparation and characterization of a magneto-polymeric nanocomposite: Fe 3O 4 nanoparticles in a grafted, cross-linked and plasticized poly(vinyl chloride) matrix

Science.gov (United States)

Rodríguez-Fernández, Oliverio S.; Rodríguez-Calzadíaz, C. A.; Yáñez-Flores, Isaura G.; Montemayor, Sagrario M.

In this work two kind of materials: (1) grafted, cross-linked and plasticized poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC) "plastic films" and (2) magnetic plastic films "magneto-polymeric nanocomposites" were prepared. Precursor solutions or "plastisols" used to obtain the plastic films were obtained by mixing PVC (emulsion grade) as polymeric matrix, di(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate (DOP) as plasticizer, a thermal stabilizer based in Ca/Zn salts, and a cross-linking agent, 3-mercaptopropyltrimethoxysilane (MTMS) or 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane (ATES), at several concentrations. Flexible films were obtained from the plastisols using static casting. The stress-strain behavior and the gel content (determined by Soxhlet extraction with boiling THF) of the flexible films were measured in order to evaluate the effect of the cross-linking agent and their content on the degree of cross-linking. The magneto-polymeric nanocomposites were obtained by mixing the optimum composition of the plastisols (analyzed previously) with magnetite (Fe 3O 4)-based ferrofluid and DOP. Later, flexible films were obtained by static casting of the plastisol/ferrofluid systems. The magnetic films were characterized by the above-mentioned techniques and X-ray diffraction, vibrating sample magnetometry and thermogravimetrical analysis.

Effect of MnCuFe{sub 2}O{sub 4} content on magnetic and dielectric properties of poly (O-Phenylenediamine)/MnCuFe{sub 2}O{sub 4} nanocomposites

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Kannapiran, Nagarajan [PG and Research Department of Chemistry, Sri Ramakrishna Mission Vidyalaya College of Arts and Science, Coimbatore 641020, Tamil Nadu (India); Muthusamy, Athianna, E-mail: muthusrkv@gmail.com [PG and Research Department of Chemistry, Sri Ramakrishna Mission Vidyalaya College of Arts and Science, Coimbatore 641020, Tamil Nadu (India); Chitra, Palanisamy [PG and Research Department of Chemistry, Sri Ramakrishna Mission Vidyalaya College of Arts and Science, Coimbatore 641020, Tamil Nadu (India)

2016-03-01

Poly o-phenylenediamine (PoPD)/MnCuFe{sub 2}O{sub 4} nanocomposites with three different ratios of MnCuFe{sub 2}O{sub 4} (10%, 20%, 30% w/w) were synthesized by in-situ oxidative chemical polymerization method ammonium persulphate used as oxidant, while MnCuFe{sub 2}O{sub 4} nanoparticles was prepared by auto-combustion method. The structure, morphology and magnetic properties of synthesized PoPD/MnCuFe{sub 2}O{sub 4} nanocomposites were characterized by FT-IR, UV–visible absorption spectra, X-ray diffraction (XRD), Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and Vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM). FTIR spectra and XRD were confirmed the formation of the PoPD/MnCuFe{sub 2}O{sub 4} nanocomposites. The morphology of PoPD/MnCuFe{sub 2}O{sub 4} nanocomposites is visualized through SEM and TEM. The spherical morphology of the PoPD was confirmed using SEM analysis. Dielectric properties of PoPD/MnCuFe{sub 2}O{sub 4} nanocomposites at different temperatures have been performed in the frequency range of 50 Hz–5 MHz. The optical absorption experiments of PoPD/MnCuFe{sub 2}O{sub 4} nanocomposites reveal that the direct transition with an energy band gap is around 2 eV. - Highlights: • Green synthesis of PoPD (the polymerization carried out only in aqueous medium) by in-situ chemical polymerization method. • For the first time, PoPD incorporated with MnCuFe{sub 2}O{sub 4} with lesser particle size. • The auto combustion reaction, support to achieve less particle size. • Ferrite content affects the magnetic properties of the nanocomposites.

Size-dependent cytotoxicity and inflammatory responses of PEGylated silica-iron oxide nanocomposite size series

Science.gov (United States)

Injumpa, Wishulada; Ritprajak, Patcharee; Insin, Numpon

2017-04-01

Iron oxides nanoparticles have been utilized in biological systems and biomedical applications for many years because they are relatively safe and stable comparing to other magnetic nanomaterials. In some applications, iron oxide nanoparticles were modified with silica in order to be more stable in biological systems and able to be functionalized with various functional groups. Moreover, poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) was one on the most used polymer to graft onto the nanoparticles in order to increase their biocompatibility, dispersibility and stability in aqueous solutions. Therefore, the nanocomposites comprising iron oxide nanoparticles, silica, and PEG could become multifunctional carriers combining superparamagnetic character, multi-functionality and high stability in biological environments. Herein, we reported the preparation of the nanocomposites and effects of their sizes on cytotoxicity and inflammatory responses. The PEGylated silica-iron oxide nanocomposites were prepared by coating of poly(poly(ethylene glycol) monomethyl ether methacrylate) (PPEGMA) on magnetic nanoparticle-silica nanocomposites via Atom Transfer Radical Polymerization (ATRP). The iron oxide nanoparticles were synthesized using a thermal decomposition method. The silica shells were then coated on iron oxides nanoparticles using reverse microemulsion and sol-gel methods. The size series of the nanocomposites with the diameter of 24.86±4.38, 45.24±5.00, 98.10±8.88 and 202.22±6.70 nm as measured using TEM were obtained. Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) was used for the determination of % weight of PPEGMA on the nanocomposites showing the weight loss of ranging from 65% for smallest particles to 30% for largest particles. The various sizes (20, 40, 100, 200 nm) and concentrations (10, 100, 1000 μg/mL) of the nanocomposites were tested for their cytotoxicity in fibroblast and macrophage cell lines using MTT assay. The different sizes did not affect cell viability of fibroblast, albeit

Antiresonance in (Ni,Zn) ferrite-carbon nanofibres nanocomposites

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Fernández-García, Lucía; Suárez, Marta; Luis Menéndez, Jose; Torrecillas, Ramón; Pecharromán, Carlos; Peretyagin, Pavel Y; Petzelt, Jan; Savinov, Maxim; Frait, Zdenek

2015-01-01

(NiZn)Fe 2 O 4 carbon nanofiber (CNF) nanocomposites with concentrations up to 5% in volume of CNFs were prepared by traditional ceramic processing and a subsequent spark plasma sintering at 860 °C with a holding time of 1 min. Low-frequency conductivity and magnetic properties were studied, revealing the appearance of a ferromagnetic antiresonance when a certain value of conductivity is reached due to the introduction of a conductive second-phase CNF in the ferromagnetic matrix (ferrite), thereby opening a route to induce magnetically tunable transparency in these composites. (paper)

A magnetic nanocomposite prepared from chelator-modified magnetite (Fe_3O_4) and HKUST-1 (MOF-199) for separation and preconcentration of mercury(II)

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Tadjarodi, Azadeh; Abbaszadeh, Abolfazl

2016-01-01

We describe a magnetic metal-organic framework for preconcentration of Hg(II). The material is obtained from magnetite (Fe3O4) nanoparticles that were modified with 4-(5)-imidazoledithiocarboxylic acid and then reacted with trimesic acid and Cu(II) acetate to form the metal-organic framework capable of extracting Hg(II). The sorption time, amount of the magnetic nanocomposite, and pH value of the sample were selected as the main affecting factors in sorption, and central composite design and response surface methodology were applied to optimize these parameters. Following sorption of Hg(II), the sorbent is removed by a magnet, Hg(II) is eluted with a solution of thiourea and then quantified by cold vapor AAS. The type, volume and concentration of the eluent, and the elution time were selected for the optimization of the elution. The results showed the sorption process to obey the Langmuir model. The maximum monolayer capacity is as high as 254 mg g"−"1, and the Langmuir constant is 0.330 L mg"−"1. The findings can be well described by pseudo second-order kinetics. High sorption capacity means that one needs less sorbent. Under the optimal conditions, the limit of detection and limit of quantification for Hg(II) were 10 ng L"−"1 and 40 ng L"−"1, respectively and the relative standard deviations are <8.3 %. The nanocomposite was successfully applied to the rapid extraction of trace amounts of mercury ions from fish and canned tuna samples. (author)

Evolution of carbon nanotube dispersion in preparation of epoxy-based composites: From a masterbatch to a nanocomposite

OpenAIRE

Aravand, Mohammadali; Lomov, Stepan Vladimirovitch; Verpoest, Ignace; Gorbatikh, Larissa

2014-01-01

The state of carbon nanotube (CNT) dispersion in epoxy is likely to change in the process of composite production. In the present work CNT dispersion is characterized at different stages of nanocomposite preparation: in the original masterbatch with high CNT concentration, after masterbatch dilution, in the process of curing and in the final nanocomposite. The evaluation techniques included dynamic rheological analysis of the liquid phases, optical, environmental and charge contrast scanning ...

Metal Amorphous Nanocomposite (MANC) Alloy Cores with Spatially Tuned Permeability for Advanced Power Magnetics Applications

Science.gov (United States)

Byerly, K.; Ohodnicki, P. R.; Moon, S. R.; Leary, A. M.; Keylin, V.; McHenry, M. E.; Simizu, S.; Beddingfield, R.; Yu, Y.; Feichter, G.; Noebe, R.; Bowman, R.; Bhattacharya, S.

2018-06-01

Metal amorphous nanocomposite (MANC) alloys are an emerging class of soft magnetic materials showing promise for a range of inductive components targeted for higher power density and higher efficiency power conversion applications including inductors, transformers, and rotating electrical machinery. Magnetization reversal mechanisms within these alloys are typically determined by composition optimization as well as controlled annealing treatments to generate a nanocomposite structure composed of nanocrystals embedded in an amorphous precursor. Here we demonstrate the concept of spatially varying the permeability within a given component for optimization of performance by using the strain annealing process. The concept is realized experimentally through the smoothing of the flux profile from the inner to outer core radius achieved by a monotonic variation in tension during the strain annealing process. Great potential exists for an extension of this concept to a wide range of other power magnetic components and more complex spatially varying permeability profiles through advances in strain annealing techniques and controls.

Multiwalled carbon nanotubes@octavinyl polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxanes nanocomposite preparation via cross-linking reaction in acidic media

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Somasekharan, Lakshmipriya; Thomas, Sabu [Mahatma Gandhi University, International and Interuniversity Centre for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (India); Comoy, Corinne [Université de Lorraine, SRSMC, UMR 7565 (France); Sivasankarapillai, Anilkumar [NSS Hindu College (India); Kalarikkal, Nandakumar [Mahatma Gandhi University, International and Interuniversity Centre for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (India); Lamouroux, Emmanuel, E-mail: Emmanuel.Lamouroux@univ-lorraine.fr [Université de Lorraine, SRSMC, UMR 7565 (France)

2016-11-15

Multiwalled carbon nanotubes have unique properties allowing their use in a wide range of applications—from microelectronics to biomedical and polymer fields. Nevertheless, a crucial aspect for their use resides in the ease of handling them during the process. Here, we report a facile route to prepare multiwalled carbon nanotubes@octavinyl polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxanes (MWCNT@POSS) nanocomposite. The method involves the formation of a covalent bond between carboxylated MWCNTs and OV-POSS using acid-catalyzed electrophilic addition reaction. The resulting nanocomposite have been characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), powder X-Ray diffraction (PXRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). The results confirmed that the formation of MWCNT@POSS nanocomposite did not deteriorate MWCNT structure or morphology. Here, we used a 1:1 ratio of carboxylated MWCNTs and OV-POSS and the POSS content in the nanocomposite was 39.5 wt%.

Influence of Surface Coating of Magnetic Nanoparticles on Mechanical Properties of Polymer Nanocomposites

Science.gov (United States)

Yarar, Ecem; Karakas, Gizem; Rende, Deniz; Ozisik, Rahmi; Malta, Seyda

Polymer nanocomposites have emerged as promising materials due to improved properties when compared with conventional bulk polymers. Nanofillers are natural or synthetic organic/inorganic particles that are less than 100 nm in at least one dimension. Even the addition of trace amounts of nanofillers to polymers may lad to unique combinations of properties. Among variety of inorganic nanofillers, iron oxide magnetic nanoparticles are of great interest due to their unique physical and chemical properties, such as low toxicity, biocompatibility, large magnetization and conductivity, owing to their extremely small size and large specific surface area. In this study, approximately 8-10 nm magnetic nanoparticles coated with either citric acid or oleic acid are synthesized and blended with poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) or poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO). The hydrophobicity/hydrophillicity of the polymer and the surface coating on the iron oxide nanoparticles are exploited to control the dispersion state of nanoparticles, and the effect of dispersion on mechanical and thermal properties of the nanocomposite are investigated via experimental methods such as dynamic mechanical analysis and differential scanning calorimetry. This material is based upon work partially supported by the National Science Foundation under Grant No. CMMI-1538730 and TUBITAK 112M666.

The improved magnetic properties in phosphorus substituted Pr-Fe-P-B nanocomposites

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Jin, Z.Q.; Zhang, Y.; Wang, H.L.; Klaessig, A.; Bonder, M.; Hadjipanayis, G.C.

2003-01-01

Phosphorus substituted (Pr,Tb) 8 (Fe,Nb,Zr,P) 88 B 4 nanocomposites have been produced by melt-spinning. The effects of phosphorus substitution as well as wheel speed on the crystallization behavior and magnetic properties of the melt-spun samples have been investigated. With the substitution of phosphorus, the crystallization temperature of amorphous phase increases. The optimum wheel speed was found to be around 25 m/s for as-spun ribbons and 40 m/s for the annealed samples, both of which present excellent second quadrant hysteresis loop shapes due to the fine grain size of α-Fe which is around 20 nm. The addition of phosphorus also greatly improves the coercivity of Pr-Fe-B nanocomposites without a significant loss of saturation magnetization. A higher coercivity of 9.2 kOe in P-substituted samples was obtained as compared to 8.1 kOe in P-free samples. This is attributed to a narrower temperature span between the crystallization into TbCu 7 structure and the transformation into the 2:14:1 phase caused by the phosphorus substitution

Magnetoelectric Nanocomposites for Flexible Electronics

KAUST Repository

Al-Nassar, Mohammed Y.

2015-09-01

Flexibility, low cost, versatility, miniaturization and multi-functionality are key aspects driving research and innovation in many branches of the electronics industry. With many anticipated emerging applications, like wearable, transparent and biocompatible devices, interest among the research community in pursuit for novel multifunctional miniaturized materials have been amplified. In this context, multiferroic polymer-based nanocomposites, possessing both ferroelectricity and ferromagnetism, are highly appealing. Most importantly, these nanocomposites possess tunable ferroelectric and ferromagnetic properties based on the parameters of their constituent materials as well as the magnetoelectric effect, which is the coupling between electric and magnetic properties. This tunability and interaction is a fascinating fundamental research field promising tremendous potential applications in sensors, actuators, data storage and energy harvesting. This dissertation work is devoted to the investigation of a new class of multiferroic polymer-based flexible nanocomposites, which exhibits excellent ferromagnetism and ferroelectricity simultaneously at room temperature, with the goal of understanding and optimizing the origin of their magnetoelectric coupling. The nanocomposites consist of high aspect ratio ferromagnetic nanowires (NWs) embedded inside a ferroelectric co-polymer, poly(vinylindene fluoride-trifluoroethylene), P(VDF-TrFE) matrix. First, electrochemical deposition of ferromagnetic NWs inside anodic aluminum oxide membranes is discussed. Characterization of electrodeposited iron, nickel and highly magnetostrictive iron-gallium alloy NWs was done using XRD, electron and magnetic force microscopy. Second, different nanocomposite films have been fabricated by means of spin coating and drop casting techniques. The effect of incorporation of NWs inside the ferroelectric polymer on its electroactive phase is discussed. The remanent and saturation polarization as well

Preparation and characterization of polymeric nanocomposite films for application as protective coatings

Science.gov (United States)

Gagliardi, S.; Rondino, F.; D'Erme, C.; Persia, F.; Menchini, F.; Santarelli, M. L.; Paulke, B.-R.; Enayati, A. L.; Falconieri, M.

2017-08-01

Addiction of ceramic nanoparticles to acrylic polymers provides a simple and effective means to produce paints with important properties, such as mechanical resistance and tailored wettability, even though for optimal performances, an engineered nanoparticle distribution would be desirable. In this paper we report on the realization and on the morphological and functional characterization of nanocomposites where the nanophase is distributed on the surface of acrylic polymer films, in order to enhance the expression of surface-related properties. To this aim, commercial titanium oxide and silicon oxide nanopowders were dispersed in water and the suspensions were air-sprayed on polymeric films prepared by paint brushing, thus producing a nanostructured ceramic surface coating. Control of the pH of suspensions and acrylic acid functionalization of the surface of titania were used together with high power ultrasonic treatments in order to control dimension of the aggregates in the sprayed suspensions. Optical microscopy, mechanical profilometry, and atomic force microscopy were used to characterize the nanocomposite surface morphology and correlate it to the coating functional properties, evaluated through mechanical abrasion tests and contact angle measurements; also, colorimetry on coated stones was performed in order to test the impact of the coatings on the aesthetical appearance and their photostability under UV irradiation. Results show that the nanostructured ceramic layer slightly improves the resistance of coatings to mechanical abrasion in case of polymer films prepared from latexes. The nanocomposite surface layer does not affect the wettability of the polymer, which remained slightly hydrophilic; this behavior is likely due to inadequate distribution of the nanophase. On the other hand UV-induced superhydrophilicity was observed when the concentration of surface titania nanoparticles is about 0.6 mg/cm2. Colorimetric analysis on historical and Carrara

Acquisition of Preparative Gel Permeation Chromatography for Research and Education in Energy Conversion and Nanocomposites

Science.gov (United States)

2017-04-19

AFRL-AFOSR-VA-TR-2017-0090 Acquisition of Preparative Gel Permeation Chromatography for Research and Education in Energy Conversion and...TITLE AND SUBTITLE Acquisition of Preparative Gel Permeation Chromatography for Research and Education in Energy Conversion and Nanocomposites 5a... research with education at all levels across a broad range of materials, and create important opportunities to expose and train undergraduates, women

Fabrication of magnetically recyclable Fe3O4@Cu nanocomposites with high catalytic performance for the reduction of organic dyes and 4-nitrophenol

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Tang, Mingyi; Zhang, Sai; Li, Xianxian; Pang, Xiaobo; Qiu, Haixia

2014-01-01

A facile and efficient approach to synthesize Fe 3 O 4 @Cu nanocomposites using L-Lysine as a linker was developed. The morphology, composition and crystallinity of the Fe 3 O 4 @Cu nanocomposites were characterized by Fourier Transform infrared spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, and powder X-ray diffraction. In addition, the magnetic properties were determined with vibrating sample magnetometer. The surface of the Fe 3 O 4 contained many small Cu nanoparticles with sizes of about 3 nm. It was found that the Fe 3 O 4 @Cu nanocomposites could catalyze the degradation of organic dyes. The catalytic activities of the Fe 3 O 4 @Cu nanocomposites for the reduction of nitrophenol were also studied. The Fe 3 O 4 @Cu nanocomposites are more efficient catalysts compared with Cu nanoparticles and can easily be recovered from the reaction mixture with magnet. The cost effective and recyclable Fe 3 O 4 @Cu nanocomposites provide an exciting new material for environmental protection applications. - Highlights: • Cu nanoparticles as small as 3 nm are synthesized. • Low cost Fe 3 O 4 @Cu magnetical nanoparticles show catalytic activity for organic dyes and 4-nitrophenol. • The Fe 3 O 4 @Cu display high catalytic activity after 13 cycles

Thermal Degradation of Nanocomposited PMMA/TiO2 Nanocomposites

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Hafizah, Nik Noor; Mamat, Mohamad Hafiz; Rusop, Mohamad; Said, Che Mohamad Som; Abidin, Mohd Hanafiah

2013-01-01

The polymer nanocomposite is a new choice to conventionally filled polymers. The lack of proper binding between the filler and the polymer can lead the decrease of the thermal and other properties of the nanocomposites. In this study, the nanocomposited PMMA/TiO 2 nanocomposites were prepared using sonication and solution casting method at different weight percent TiO 2 . The aims of adding TiO 2 in the PMMA is to study the effects of TiO 2 nanofiller on the thermal properties nanocomposites. FESEM results show the higher amounts of TiO 2 in PMMA increase the rough surface morphology of the samples. Further, the Raman results reveal that the TiO 2 nanofiller were successfully intercalated into the PMMA matrix. In addition, the thermal properties of nanocomposited PMMA/TiO 2 nanocomposites were increased with the addition of TiO 2 in the PMMA.

Magnetic dispersive solid-phase extraction based on graphene oxide/Fe3 O4 @polythionine nanocomposite followed by atomic absorption spectrometry for zinc monitoring in water, flour, celery and egg.

Science.gov (United States)

Babaei, Azar; Zeeb, Mohsen; Es-Haghi, Ali

2018-07-01

Magnetic graphene oxide nanocomposite has been proposed as a promising and sustainable sorbent for the extraction and separation of target analytes from food matrices. Sample preparation based on nanocomposite presents several advantages, such as desired efficiency, reasonable selectivity and high surface-area-to-volume ratio. A new graphene oxide/Fe 3 O 4 @polythionine (GO/Fe 3 O 4 @PTh) nanocomposite sorbent was introduced for magnetic dispersive solid-phase extraction and flame atomic absorption spectrometric detection of zinc(II) in water, flour, celery and egg. To fabricate the sorbent, an oxidative polymerization of thionine on the surface of magnetic GO was applied, while polythionine was simply employed as a surface modifier to improve extraction yield. The properties of the sorbent were characterized by transmission electron microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, energy-dispersive X-ray analysis, vibrating sample magnetometry and Fourier transform-infrared spectroscopy. The calibration curve showed linearity in the range of 0.5-30 ng mL -1 . Limits of detection (S/N = 3) and quantification (S/N = 10) were 0.08 and 0.5 ng mL -1 , respectively. The method was applied for trace-level determination of Zn(II) in water and food samples, and its validation was investigated by recovery experiments and analyzing certified reference material. © 2018 Society of Chemical Industry. © 2018 Society of Chemical Industry.

Synthesis, characterization and microwave characteristics of ternary nanocomposite of MWCNTs/doped Sr-hexaferrite/PANI

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Seyyed Afghahi, Seyyed Salman [Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Imam Hossein University, Tehran (Iran, Islamic Republic of); Peymanfar, Reza; Javanshir, Shahrzad [Department of Chemistry, Iran University of Science and Technology, Tehran (Iran, Islamic Republic of); Atassi, Yomen [Department of Applied Physics, Higher Institute for Applied Sciences and Technology, Damascus (Syrian Arab Republic); Jafarian, Mojtaba, E-mail: m.jafarian@srbiau.ac.ir [Young Researchers and Elites Club, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran (Iran, Islamic Republic of)

2017-02-01

Substituted strontium ferrite (sub-SF) nanoparticles are prepared by a sol-gel method and added to functionalized multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs). The ternary nanocomposite of MWCNTs/sub-SF/polyaniline (PANI) is prepared by in-situ polymerization of aniline on MWCNTs/sub-SF reaction mixture. The morphology, structure and magnetic properties of the nanocomposites are investigated by SEM, XRD, FTIR and VSM, respectively. The microwave characteristics are measured using a vector network analyzer. The XRD patterns exhibit representative diffraction peaks corresponding to hexagonal structure, and the structure of the MWCNTs is not distorted. SEM micrographs show that sub-SF nanoparticles and PANI chains are uniformly dispersed on the surface of MWCNTs. The MWCNTs/sub-SF/PANI exhibit a minimum reflection loss of −26 dB at 10 GHz with 3 GHz bandwidth and a matching thickness of 5 mm. This excellent microwave characteristic indicates the synergistic effect of the three components to enhance the impedance matching and improve the microwave absorption properties of the composite. - Highlights: • Novel ternary nanocomposite of MWCNTs/sub-SF/polyaniline (PANI) is prepared by in-situ polymerization. • The prepared single composite absorber are lightweight with 20 wt% filler content in parafin. • Composites with a combination of magnetic and dielectric fillers exhibit wider reflection loss peaks. • Composite absorber exhibit a minimum reflection loss of −26 dB at 10 GHz with 3 GHz bandwidth with a matching thickness of 5 mm.

Exchange bias in antiferromagnetic coupled Fe3O4+Cr2O3 nanocomposites

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Liu, X H; Cui, W B; Lv, X K; Liu, W; Zhao, X G; Li, D; Zhang, Z D

2008-01-01

Exchange bias (EB) and magnetic properties of ferrimagnetic (FI) Fe 3 O 4 and antiferromagnetic (AFM) Cr 2 O 3 nanocomposites prepared by mechanical alloying have been investigated. A large EB field of 2.2 kOe at 10 K is observed in one of the nanocomposites, which may be related to the uncompensated and pinned AFM spins at the interface between FI and AFM phases of the nanocomposites. The EB field varies with the strength of cooling field and the content of the Cr 2 O 3 phase, the phenomena observed are explained in terms of interfacial exchange interaction between the two phases

Manganese-incorporated iron(III) oxide–graphene magnetic nanocomposite: synthesis, characterization, and application for the arsenic(III)-sorption from aqueous solution

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Nandi, Debabrata; Gupta, Kaushik; Ghosh, Arup Kumar; De, Amitabha; Banerjee, Sangam; Ghosh, Uday Chand

2012-01-01

High specific surface area of graphene (GR) has gained special scientific attention in developing magnetic GR nanocomposite aiming to apply for the remediation of diverse environmental problems like point-of-use water purification and simultaneous separation of contaminants applying low external magnetic field ( x 2+ Fe 2−x 3+ O 4 2− ) (IMBO)–GR nanocomposite is reported by exfoliating the GR layers. Latest microscopic, spectroscopic, powder X-ray diffraction, BET surface area, and superconducting quantum interference device characterizations showed that the material is a magnetic nanocomposite with high specific surface area (280 m 2 g −1 ) and pore volume (0.3362 cm 3 g −1 ). Use of this composite for the immobilization of carcinogenic As(III) from water at 300 K and pH ∼7.0 showed that the nanocomposite has higher binding efficiency with As(III) than the IMBO owing to its high specific surface area. The composite showed almost complete (>99.9 %) As(III) removal (≤10 μg L −1 ) from water. External magnetic field of 0.3 T efficiently separated the water dispersed composite (0.01 g/10 mL) at room temperature (300 K). Thus, this composite is a promising material which can be used effectively as a potent As(III) immobilizer from the contaminated groundwater (>10 μg L −1 ) to improve drinking water quality.

Novel MnOOH–graphene nanocomposites: Preparation, characterization and electrochemical properties for supercapacitors

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Mei, Jun; Zhang, Long

2015-01-01

In this paper, we report a simple and controlled synthesis of novel MnOOH–graphene nanocomposites with a one-step facile hydrothermal method. It is template-free and easy to reproduce. Electrochemical properties are investigated in different media. The values of specific capacitance achieved are 112 F g −1 in 1 M Na 2 SO 4 and 165 F g −1 in 6 M KOH electrolyte, respectively. The assembly of multiple branched MnOOH and graphene flakes results in synergistic effects, forming new electron transfer channels to accelerate electron transfer and provide the pseudocapacitance to increase the overall capacitance. The novel composites have potential applications in the fields of supercapacitors, lithium battery and so on. - Graphical abstract: The MnOOH–graphene nanocomposites shows better specific capacitance with the values achieved 112 F g −1 in 1 M Na 2 SO 4 and 165 F g −1 in 6 M KOH electrolyte, respectively. - Highlights: • Novel MnOOH–graphene nanocomposites were prepared by a one-step hydrothermal method. • The assembly can form new electron transfer channels to accelerate electron transfer. • The capacitive and rate performances are enhanced in both neutral and alkaline medium

Experimental Preparation and Numerical Simulation of High Thermal Conductive Cu/CNTs Nanocomposites

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Muhsan Ali Samer

2014-07-01

Full Text Available Due to the rapid growth of high performance electronics devices accompanied by overheating problem, heat dissipater nanocomposites material having ultra-high thermal conductivity and low coefficient of thermal expansion was proposed. In this work, a nanocomposite material made of copper (Cu reinforced by multi-walled carbon nanotubes (CNTs up to 10 vol. % was prepared and their thermal behaviour was measured experimentally and evaluated using numerical simulation. In order to numerically predict the thermal behaviour of Cu/CNTs composites, three different prediction methods were performed. The results showed that rules of mixture method records the highest thermal conductivity for all predicted composites. In contrast, the prediction model which takes into account the influence of the interface thermal resistance between CNTs and copper particles, has shown the lowest thermal conductivity which considered as the closest results to the experimental measurement. The experimentally measured thermal conductivities showed remarkable increase after adding 5 vol.% CNTs and higher than the thermal conductivities predicted via Nan models, indicating that the improved fabrication technique of powder injection molding that has been used to produced Cu/CNTs nanocomposites has overcome the challenges assumed in the mathematical models.

Characterization of PAN/ATO nanocomposites prepared by solution ...

Indian Academy of Sciences (India)

Wintec

Institute of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Zhongyuan University of Technology, ... The storage modulus of the nanocomposites increased with increasing content of ATO, ... Thermal stability of the nanocomposites was found remarka-.

Preparation, mechanical properties and in vitro cytocompatibility of multi-walled carbon nanotubes/poly(etheretherketone) nanocomposites.

Science.gov (United States)

Cao, Jianfei; Lu, Yue; Chen, Hechun; Zhang, Lifang; Xiong, Chengdong

2018-03-01

Desired bone repair material must have excellent biocompatibility and high bioactivity. Moreover, mechanical properties of biomaterial should be equivalent to those of human bones. For developing an alternative biocomposite for load-bearing orthopedic application, combination of bioactive fillers with polymer matrix is a feasible approach. In this study, a series of multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs)/poly(etheretherketone) (PEEK) bioactive nanocomposites were prepared by a novel coprecipitation-compounding and injection-molding process. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) images revealed that MWCNTs were adsorbed on the surface of PEEK particles during the coprecipitation-compounding process and dispersed homogeneously in the nanocomposite because the conjugated PEEK polymers stabilized MWCNTs by forming strong π-π stack interactions. The mechanical testing revealed that mechanical performance of PEEK was significantly improved by adding MWCNTs (2-8 wt%) and the experimental values obtained were close to or higher than that of human cortical bone. In addition, incorporation of MWCNTs into PEEK matrix also enhanced the roughness and hydrophilicity of the nanocomposite surface. In vitro cytocompatibility tests demonstrated that the MWCNTs/PEEK nanocomposite was in favor of cell adhesion and proliferation of MC3T3-E1 osteoblast cells, exhibiting excellent cytocompatibility and biocompatibility. Thus, this MWCNTs/PEEK nanocomposite may be used as a promising bone repair material in orthopedic implants application.

Preparation and optical properties of indium tin oxide/epoxy nanocomposites with polyglycidyl methacrylate grafted nanoparticles.

Science.gov (United States)

Tao, Peng; Viswanath, Anand; Schadler, Linda S; Benicewicz, Brian C; Siegel, Richard W

2011-09-01

Visibly highly transparent indium tin oxide (ITO)/epoxy nanocomposites were prepared by dispersing polyglycidyl methacrylate (PGMA) grafted ITO nanoparticles into a commercial epoxy resin. The oleic acid stabilized, highly crystalline, and near monodisperse ITO nanoparticles were synthesized via a nonaqueous synthetic route with multigram batch quantities. An azido-phosphate ligand was synthesized and used to exchange with oleic acid on the ITO surface. The azide terminal group allows for the grafting of epoxy resin compatible PGMA polymer chains via Cu(I) catalyzed alkyne-azide "click" chemistry. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) observation shows that PGMA grafted ITO particles were homogeneously dispersed within the epoxy matrix. Optical properties of ITO/epoxy nanocomposites with different ITO concentrations were studied with an ultraviolet-visible-near-infrared (UV-vis-NIR) spectrometer. All the ITO/epoxy nanocomposites show more than 90% optical transparency in the visible light range and absorption of UV light from 300 to 400 nm. In the near-infrared region, ITO/epoxy nanocomposites demonstrate low transmittance and the infrared (IR) transmission cutoff wavelength of the composites shifts toward the lower wavelength with increased ITO concentration. The ITO/epoxy nanocomposites were applied onto both glass and plastic substrates as visibly transparent and UV/IR opaque optical coatings.

Advances in rubber/halloysite nanotubes nanocomposites.

Science.gov (United States)

Jia, Zhixin; Guo, Baochun; Jia, Demin

2014-02-01

The research advances in rubber/halloysite nanotubes (rubber/HNTs) nanocomposites are reviewed. HNTs are environmentally-friendly natural nanomaterials, which could be used to prepare the rubber-based nanocomposites with high performance and low cost. Unmodified HNTs could be adopted to prepare the rubber/HNTs composites with improved mechanical properties, however, the rubber/HNTs nanocomposites with fine morphology and excellent properties were chiefly prepared with various modifiers by in situ mixing method. A series of rubber/HNTs nanocomposites containing several rubbers (SBR, NR, xSBR, NBR, PU) and different modifiers (ENR, RH, Si69, SA, MAA, ILs) have been investigated. The results showed that all the rubber/HNTs nanocomposites achieved strong interfacial interaction via interfacial covalent bonds, hydrogen bonds or multiple interactions, realized significantly improved dispersion of HNTs at nanoscale and exhibited excellent mechanical performances and other properties.

Study of relaxation times of nanocomposites of starch/montmorillonite employing low field NMR

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Brito, Luciana M.; Tavares, Maria Ines B.

2011-01-01

Due to its various applications and features, especially in therapies for controlled release of pharmaceuticals, polymers are among the most widely used excipients in pharmaceutical technology. One of the most promising nanocomposites is formed from organic polymer and inorganic clay minerals. Nanocomposites of starch/montmorillonite were prepared employing solution intercalation and characterized by proton spin-lattice relaxation time, through NMR relaxometry. The characterization of nanocomposites was done by X-ray diffraction and by nuclear magnetic resonance. The results showed that nanostructured films were obtained by intercalation from solution. Furthermore, the use of low field NMR, T1H, provided more precise information about the movement of materials, being complementary to the results obtained by X-ray diffraction. (author)

Preparation and fluorescence properties of 6-carboxyfluorescein/hydrotalcite nanocomposites

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Li, Chunfang; Qi, Yanhai; Li, Qianru; Li, Dongxiang; Hou, Wanguo

2014-01-01

The nanocomposites of fluorescent dye/hydrotalcite-like compounds (HTlc) synthesized by intercalation and/or surface adsorption methods have exhibited specific photophysical and photochemical property. In this work, 6-carboxyfluorescein (6CF)/HTlc nanocomposites were synthesized by ammonia coprecipitation and reconstruction-induced surface adsorption methods, and they were characterized by powder X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Thermogravimetric differential thermal measurements (TG-DTA) and fluorescence spectra. The results demonstrate that the dye molecules are primarily adsorbed on HTlc surface. The fluorescence emission of 6CF/Mg–Al HTlc composites is related with 6CF dosage due to the self-quenching mechanism. The 6CF/Zn–Al HTlc nanocomposite reconstructed at high temperature have much strong luminescence than that reconstructed at room temperature and the 6CF/Mg–Al HTlc nanocomposites. -- Highlights: • Fluorescent 6-carboxyfluorescein/HTlc nanocomposites were synthesized. • Fluorescent dye molecules are primarily adsorbed on HTlc surface. • Nanocomposite luminescence is related with the cluster structure of fluorescent dyes

High-frequency magnetoimpedance in nanocomposites

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Yurasov, Alexey [Moscow State Institute of Radioengineering, Electronics and Automation (Technical University), Moscow 117454 (Russian Federation)]. E-mail: alexey_yurasov@mail.ru; Granovsky, Alexander [Faculty of Physics, Moscow State University, Leninskie Gory, Moscow 119992 (Russian Federation); Tarapov, Sergey [Institute of Radiophysics and Electronics, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kharkov 61085 (Ukraine); Clerc, Jean-Pierre [Ecole Polytechnique Universitaire de Marseille, Technopole de Chateau-Gombert, Marseille 13453 (France)

2006-05-15

The transmission of millimeter-range electromagnetic waves (30-50 GHz) through a magnetic nanocomposite thin film exhibiting tunnel magnetoresistance (TMR) is calculated. The relative change of transmission coefficient in an applied magnetic field due to the magnetorefractive effect is approximately linear with TMR and strongly depends on nanocomposite resistivity and film thickness. The obtained results are in a good agreement with experiment.

High-frequency magnetoimpedance in nanocomposites

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Yurasov, Alexey; Granovsky, Alexander; Tarapov, Sergey; Clerc, Jean-Pierre

2006-01-01

The transmission of millimeter-range electromagnetic waves (30-50 GHz) through a magnetic nanocomposite thin film exhibiting tunnel magnetoresistance (TMR) is calculated. The relative change of transmission coefficient in an applied magnetic field due to the magnetorefractive effect is approximately linear with TMR and strongly depends on nanocomposite resistivity and film thickness. The obtained results are in a good agreement with experiment

Structure and magnetic properties of Ni-poly(p-xylylene) nanocomposites synthesized by vapor deposition polymerization

Science.gov (United States)

Ozerin, Sergei A.; Vdovichenko, Artem Yu.; Streltsov, Dmitry R.; Davydov, Alexander B.; Orekhov, Anton S.; Vasiliev, Alexander L.; Zubavichus, Yan V.; Grigoriev, Evgenii I.; Zavyalov, Sergei A.; Oveshnikov, Leonid N.; Aronzon, Boris A.; Chvalun, Sergei N.

2017-12-01

The relationship between structure, electrical and magnetic properties of thin poly(p-xylylene) - nickel nanocomposite films with Ni concentrations from 5 to 30 vol% was studied. It was found that metal concentration strongly affects size and oxidation state of the nanoparticles and composites morphology. At nickel concentration below 5 vol% the nanoparticles are oxidized to NiO and homogeneously distributed within fine-grained polymer matrix. An increase of Ni concentration up to 10 vol% results in the development of coarse-grained morphology with preferable localization of the nanoparticles at the boundaries of polymeric grains. And finally, in the composite films with nickel concentration above 20 vol%, the fine-grained morphology is observed again, but the nanoparticles are mainly metallic. Effect of the filler content on electrical and magnetic properties of the nanocomposites was elucidated showing that they are determined by percolation phenomenon with the threshold value of about 10 vol%. The well-pronounced magnetic hysteresis as well as ferromagnetic ordering were observed at Ni content above the percolation threshold. The diagrams of magnetic properties of these composites as a function of composition and temperature were elaborated. It was demonstrated that film annealing can be used to control magnetic properties of the composites and strongly enhance magnetoresistance.

Manganese-incorporated iron(III) oxide-graphene magnetic nanocomposite: synthesis, characterization, and application for the arsenic(III)-sorption from aqueous solution

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Nandi, Debabrata; Gupta, Kaushik; Ghosh, Arup Kumar [Presidency University, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry (India); De, Amitabha [Saha Institute of Nuclear Physics, Chemical Science Division (India); Banerjee, Sangam [Saha Institute of Nuclear Physics, Surface Physics Division (India); Ghosh, Uday Chand, E-mail: ucghosh@yahoo.co.in [Presidency University, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry (India)

2012-12-15

High specific surface area of graphene (GR) has gained special scientific attention in developing magnetic GR nanocomposite aiming to apply for the remediation of diverse environmental problems like point-of-use water purification and simultaneous separation of contaminants applying low external magnetic field (<1.0 T) from ground water. Fabrication of magnetic manganese-incorporated iron(III) oxide (Mn{sub x}{sup 2+}Fe{sub 2-x}{sup 3+}O{sub 4}{sup 2-}) (IMBO)-GR nanocomposite is reported by exfoliating the GR layers. Latest microscopic, spectroscopic, powder X-ray diffraction, BET surface area, and superconducting quantum interference device characterizations showed that the material is a magnetic nanocomposite with high specific surface area (280 m{sup 2} g{sup -1}) and pore volume (0.3362 cm{sup 3} g{sup -1}). Use of this composite for the immobilization of carcinogenic As(III) from water at 300 K and pH {approx}7.0 showed that the nanocomposite has higher binding efficiency with As(III) than the IMBO owing to its high specific surface area. The composite showed almost complete (>99.9 %) As(III) removal ({<=}10 {mu}g L{sup -1}) from water. External magnetic field of 0.3 T efficiently separated the water dispersed composite (0.01 g/10 mL) at room temperature (300 K). Thus, this composite is a promising material which can be used effectively as a potent As(III) immobilizer from the contaminated groundwater (>10 {mu}g L{sup -1}) to improve drinking water quality.

Ternary g-C{sub 3}N{sub 4}/Fe{sub 3}O{sub 4}/Ag{sub 3}VO{sub 4} nanocomposites: Novel magnetically separable visible-light-driven photocatalysts for efficiently degradation of dye pollutants

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Mousavi, Mitra; Habibi-Yangjeh, Aziz, E-mail: ahabibi@uma.ac.ir

2015-08-01

In this work, novel magnetically separable g-C{sub 3}N{sub 4}/Fe{sub 3}O{sub 4}/Ag{sub 3}VO{sub 4} nanocomposites were successfully prepared by anchoring Fe{sub 3}O{sub 4} and Ag{sub 3}VO{sub 4} on surface of the g-C{sub 3}N{sub 4} sheets. The prepared samples were fairly characterized using X-ray diffraction, energy dispersive analysis of X-rays, scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, UV–vis diffuse reflectance spectroscopy, photoluminescence spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, and vibrating sample magnetometry techniques. Compared with the g-C{sub 3}N{sub 4} and g-C{sub 3}N{sub 4}/Fe{sub 3}O{sub 4} samples, the g-C{sub 3}N{sub 4}/Fe{sub 3}O{sub 4}/Ag{sub 3}VO{sub 4} nanocomposites displayed higher photocatalytic activity for degradation of rhodamine B under visible-light irradiation. Photocatalytic activity of the nanocomposite with 60% of Ag{sub 3}VO{sub 4} was about 14, 8, and 3-fold higher than those of the g-C{sub 3}N{sub 4}, g-C{sub 3}N{sub 4}/Fe{sub 3}O{sub 4}, and Ag{sub 3}VO{sub 4} samples, respectively. Furthermore, influence of refluxing time, calcination temperature, and scavengers of the reactive species on the degradation activity was investigated in detail and the results were discussed. The enhanced photocatalytic activity of the nanocomposites was attributed to efficiently separation of the charge carriers and their increased visible-light harvesting ability. - Graphical abstract: Display Omitted - Highlights: • g-C{sub 3}N{sub 4}/Fe{sub 3}O{sub 4}/Ag{sub 3}VO{sub 4} was prepared as ternary novel visible-light-driven photocatalyst. • Among the prepared samples, g-C{sub 3}N{sub 4}/Fe{sub 3}O{sub 4}/Ag{sub 3}VO{sub 4} (60%) has the best activity. • The activity was related to efficiently generation and separation of charge carriers. • The photocatalyst was magnetically separated from the treated solution.

A novel synthesis of magnetic and photoluminescent graphene quantum dots/MFe2O4 (M = Ni, Co) nanocomposites for catalytic application

Science.gov (United States)

Naghshbandi, Zhwan; Arsalani, Nasser; Zakerhamidi, Mohammad Sadegh; Geckeler, Kurt E.

2018-06-01

In recent year, the research is focused on the nanostructured catalyst with increase physiochemical properties. Herein, Different magnetic nanocomposites of graphene quantum dots (GQD) and MFe2O4 (M = Ni, Co) with intrinsic photoluminescent and ferromagnetic properties were synthesized by a convenient co-precipitation method. The structure, morphology, and properties of these nanocomposites as well as the catalytic activity of the nanocomposites for the reduction of p-nitrophenol were investigated. The catalytic activity was found to be in the order of NiFe2O4/GQD > CoFe2O4/GQD > NiFe2O4 > CoFe2O4. The sample NiFe2O4/GQD exhibited the best catalytic activity with an apparent rate constant of 3.56 min-1 and a reduction completion time to p-aminophenol of 60 s. The catalysts can be reused by a magnetic field and display good stability, which can be recycled for six successive experiment with a conversion percentage of more than 95%. These results demonstrate that the nanocomposite NiFe2O4/GQD is an efficient catalyst for the reduction of p-nitrophenol compound. Also, the new nanocomposites have shown a significant reduction in the direct and indirect energy bandgaps when compared to pure GQD and the corresponding magnetic metal oxides.

Preparation and characterization of gum karaya hydrogel nanocomposite flocculant for metal ions removal from mine effluents

CSIR Research Space (South Africa)

Fosso-Kankeu, E

2016-02-01

Full Text Available This research paper reports the removal of heavy metal ions from mine effluents using the gum karaya (GK)-grafted poly(acrylamide-co-acrylic acid) incorporated iron oxide magnetic nanoparticles (Fe3O4 MNPs) hydrogel nanocomposite [i.e., GK...

Colloidal titania-silica-iron oxide nanocomposites and the effect from silica thickness on the photocatalytic and bactericidal activities

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Chanhom, Padtaraporn [Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330 (Thailand); Charoenlap, Nisanart [Laboratory of Biotechnology, Chulabhorn Research Institute, Bangkok 10210 (Thailand); Tomapatanaget, Boosayarat [Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330 (Thailand); Insin, Numpon, E-mail: Numpon.I@chula.ac.th [Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330 (Thailand)

2017-04-01

New types of colloidal multifunctional nanocomposites that combine superparamagnetic character and high photocatalytic activity were synthesized and investigated. The superparamagnetic nanocomposites composed of anatase titania, silica, and iron oxide nanoparticles (TSI) were synthesized using thermal decomposition method followed by microemulsion method, without calcination at high temperature. Different techniques including X-ray diffraction (XRD) and transmission electron microscope (TEM) were used to characterize and confirm the structure of the nanocomposites. These nanocomposites showed high photocatalytic activity when used in the photodegradation of methylene blue under irradiation with a black light lamp. Moreover, the nanocomposites exhibited high antibacterial properties. From our study, the nanocomposites can be useful in various applications such as removal of pollutants with readily separation from the environment using an external magnetic field. These composites could effectively photo-degrade the dye at least three cycles without regeneration. The effects of silica shell thickness on the photocatalytic activity was investigated, and the thickness of 6 nm of the silica interlayer is enough for the inhibition of electron translocation between titania and iron oxide nanoparticles and maintaining the efficiency of photocatalytic activity of titania nanoparticles. - Highlights: • New colloidal nanocomposites of iron oxide-silica-titania were prepared. • The nanocomposites exhibited high photocatalytic activity with magnetic response. • The effects of silica thickness on photocatalytic activity were investigated. • Bactericidal activity of the nanocomposites was demonstrated.

Granular and layered ferroelectric–ferromagnetic thin-film nanocomposites as promising materials with high magnetotransmission effect

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Akbashev, A.R. [Department of Materials Science, Moscow State University, 119992 Moscow (Russian Federation); Telegin, A.V., E-mail: telegin@imp.uran.ru [M.N. Miheev Institute of Metal Physics of Ural Branch of RAS, 620990 Ekaterinburg (Russian Federation); Kaul, A.R. [Department of Chemistry, Moscow State University, 119992 Moscow (Russian Federation); Sukhorukov, Yu.P. [M.N. Miheev Institute of Metal Physics of Ural Branch of RAS, 620990 Ekaterinburg (Russian Federation)

2015-06-15

Epitaxial thin films of granular and layered nanocomposites consisting of ferromagnetic perovskite Pr{sub 1–x}Sr{sub x}MnO{sub 3} and ferroelectric hexagonal LuMnO{sub 3} were grown on ZrO{sub 2}(Y{sub 2}O{sub 3}) substrates using metal-organic chemical vapor deposition (MOCVD). A self-organized growth of the granular composite took place in situ as a result of phase separation of the Pr–Sr–Lu–Mn–O system into the perovskite and hexagonal phases. Optical transmission measurements revealed a large negative magnetotransmission effect in the layered nanocomposite over a wide spectral and temperature range. The granular nanocomposite unexpectedly showed an even larger, but positive, magnetotransmission effect at room temperature. - Highlights: • Thin-film ferromagnetic–ferroelectric nanocomposites have been prepared by MOCVD. • Giant change of optical transparency of nanocomposites in magnetic field was detected. • Positive magnetotransmission in the granular nanocomposite was discovered in the IR. • Negative magnetotransmission in the layered nanocomposite was revealed in the IR. • Ferroelectric–ferromangetic nanocomposite is a promising material for optoelectronics.

Granular and layered ferroelectric–ferromagnetic thin-film nanocomposites as promising materials with high magnetotransmission effect

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Akbashev, A.R.; Telegin, A.V.; Kaul, A.R.; Sukhorukov, Yu.P.

2015-01-01

Epitaxial thin films of granular and layered nanocomposites consisting of ferromagnetic perovskite Pr 1–x Sr x MnO 3 and ferroelectric hexagonal LuMnO 3 were grown on ZrO 2 (Y 2 O 3 ) substrates using metal-organic chemical vapor deposition (MOCVD). A self-organized growth of the granular composite took place in situ as a result of phase separation of the Pr–Sr–Lu–Mn–O system into the perovskite and hexagonal phases. Optical transmission measurements revealed a large negative magnetotransmission effect in the layered nanocomposite over a wide spectral and temperature range. The granular nanocomposite unexpectedly showed an even larger, but positive, magnetotransmission effect at room temperature. - Highlights: • Thin-film ferromagnetic–ferroelectric nanocomposites have been prepared by MOCVD. • Giant change of optical transparency of nanocomposites in magnetic field was detected. • Positive magnetotransmission in the granular nanocomposite was discovered in the IR. • Negative magnetotransmission in the layered nanocomposite was revealed in the IR. • Ferroelectric–ferromangetic nanocomposite is a promising material for optoelectronics

Structure and magnetic properties of chromium doped cobalt molybdenum nitrides

Science.gov (United States)

Guskos, Niko; Żołnierkiewicz, Grzegorz; Typek, Janusz; Guskos, Aleksander; Adamski, Paweł; Moszyński, Dariusz

2016-09-01

Four nanocomposites containing mixed phases of Co3Mo3N and Co2Mo3N doped with chromium have been prepared. A linear fit is found for relation between Co2Mo3N and chromium concentrations. The magnetization in ZFC and FC modes at different temperatures (2-300 K) and in applied magnetic fields (up to 70 kOe) have been investigated. It has been detected that many magnetic characteristics of the studied four nanocomposites correlate not with the chromium concentration but with nanocrystallite sizes. The obtained results were interpreted in terms of magnetic core-shell model of a nanoparticle involving paramagnetic core with two magnetic sublattices and a ferromagnetic shell related to chromium doping.

Synthesis, characterization, biocompatibility of hydroxyapatite-natural polymers nanocomposites for dentistry applications.