Gaya Kepemimpinan Laki-laki dan Perempuan

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Bhaskaroga Dwiatmaja Basuki, Nuri Herachwati,

2012-01-01

The main issue discussed in this study is how the leadership styles of men and women. The research method was use qualitative. Key informants in this study were Regents county X as key male leader informant, Vice Regent of the county X as a key female informant and heads of agencies as a key informant of the Regent. The Data obtained by depth-interviews, questionnaires and observation. The result of this study is the Regents County / men leader tend to have autocratic styl...

Pengaruh Model Pembelajaran Kooperatif Tipe Think-pair-share Terhadap Self-efficacy Siswa SMP Ditinjau Berdasarkan Gender

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NI MADE SRI NUYAMI; Prof. Dr.I Wayan Suastra,M.Pd; Prof. Dr I Wayan Sadia,M.Pd

2014-01-01

Penelitian bertujuan menganalisis (1) perbedaan self-efficacy siswa yang belajar dengan model pembelajaran kooperatif tipe think-pair-share dan model pembelajaran konvensional, (2) perbedaan self-efficacy siswa laki-laki dan siswa perempuan,(3) pengaruh interaksi model pembelajaran dan jenis kelamin, (4) perbedaan self-efficacy yang belajar dengan model pembelajaran kooperatif tipe think-pair-share dan model pembelajaran konvensional untuk siswa laki-laki, (5) perbedaan self-efficacy yang b...

PERILAKU TINDAK TUTUR BERBAHASA PEMIMPIN DALAM WACANA RAPAT DINAS: KAJIAN PRAGMATIK DENGAN PENDEKATAN JENDER

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Harun Joko Prayitno

2009-12-01

jender. Penelitian ini secara khusus untuk memaparkan perbedaan penggunaan bentuk ujaran bahasa antara pimpinan laki-laki dan dan perempuan dalam pertemuan resmi Pemerintah Kota Madya Surakarta. Penelitiian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif dan merupakan penelitian studi kasus. Sumber data meliputi semua individu yang memimpin institusi degan jabatan eselon IV-II, kantor dan kantor cabang di Pemerintah Kota Madya Surakarta berdasarkan purposive sampling dan criterion based selection. Data penelitian berupa ujaran yang diucapkan oleh pimpinan laki-laki dan perempuan dalam pertemuan resmi. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan teknik perekaman, catat, observasi, dan kerjasama dengan informan. Analisis data menggunakan analisis eksistensi dengan mengacu pada analisis pragmatik yang menekankan analisis means-end dan heuristik. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ujaran yang diucapkan oleh pimpinan perempuan dalam pertemuan-pertemuan resmi cenderung bersifat ekspresif, simpatik dan rogative (bersifat nyanyian sedangkan ujaran pimpinan laki-laki cenderung bersifat direktif. Ujaran ekspresif dan simpatik yang diucapkan oleh papa pimpinan perempuan dimaksudkan untuk menyenangkan orang lain dan mereka kurang kompetitif sebab mereka tidak mengarah pada kebutuhan penutur melainkan pada kebutuhan pendengar. Ujaran direktif pimpinan laki-laki cenderung bersifat konfrontatif dan kompetitif serta lebih mengarah pada kebutuhan penutur daripada pendengar. Ujaran rogative yang diucapkan oleh para pimpinan perempuan cenderung dalam bentuk pertanyaan karena mereka merasa tidak yakin apakah pilihan kata yang mereka gunakan keliru ata kurang diterima pada pendengar dengan menggunakan teknik non-literal tak langsung. Akan tetapi, ujaran rogative para pimpinan laki-laki cenderung dalam bentuk menanyakan sesuatu yang bersifat literal, rasional dan langsung pada inti permasalahannya. Kata Kunci: jender, pragmatik, ungkapan, ilokusi, asertif, direktif, rogatif

GANGGUAN CEMAS PADA MAHASISWA SEMESTER I DAN VII PROGRAM STUDI PENDIDIKAN DOKTER FAKULTAS KEDOKTERAN UNIVERSITAS UDAYANA

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Dyah Chandratika

2015-05-01

Full Text Available Penting untuk dilakukan penelitian mengenai gangguan cemas pada mahasiswa kedokteran karena tingginya tingkat stres mahasiswa terutama pada tahun pertama perkuliahan. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui prevalensi dan perbedaan skor  gangguan  cemas  pada mahasiswa  semester  I dan  VII serta untuk  mengetahui perbedaan skor gangguan cemas antara mahasiswa laki-laki dan perempuan di Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Udayana. Desain penelitian ini adalah cross sectional analitik. Pengambilan sampel dilakukan secara random sampling. Sampel mengisi identitas, kuesioner L-MMPI, kuesioner Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale (HARS. Kemudian dihitung prevalensi gangguan cemas tiap kelompok serta data dianalisis menggunakan uji t-independen. Terdapat 15 orang (25,0% mahasiswa semester I dan 7 orang (11,7% mahasiswa semester VII yang mengalami gangguan cemas. Dari hasil uji t-independen antara skor gangguan cemas mahasiswa semester I dan VII diperoleh nilai p = 0,001 (<0,05. Sedangkan diperoleh p = 0,080 antara mahasiswa laki-laki dan perempuan pada semester I dan p = 0,744 antara mahasiswa laki-laki dan perempuan pada semester VII. Prevalensi gangguan cemas pada mahasiswa semester I yaitu 25,0% sedangkan 11,7% pada mahasiswa semester VII. Terdapat perbedaan bermakna antara skor gangguan cemas mahasiswa semester I dan VII. Tidak ditemukan perbedaan bermakna skor gangguan cemas antara laki-laki dan perempuan.   

Profesi PR Identik dengan Perempuan ?

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Neni Yulianita

2004-09-01

Full Text Available Profesi Public Relations (PR atau di Indonesia lebih dikenal dengan Humas, seringkali diidentikkan dengan profesi yang pantas dijabat oleh kaum perempuan. Adanya sebagian kalangan masyarakat yang menjudge bahwa profesi ini lebih tepat dijabat oleh kaum perempuan, dengan alasan profesi ini menuntut keterampilan, daya tarik, dan keluwesan. Dengan adanya anggapan tersebut,  tentu saja telah memberikan implikasi pada kaum laki-laki  sehingga menimbulkan keraguan pada mereka untuk menekuni bidang kajian PR/Humas di berbagai Perguruan Tinggi yang memiliki bidang ini. Ironisnya, user masih menganggap kaum laki-lakilah yang lebih tepat menjabat profesi PR, dengan anggapan antara lain bahwa laki-laki lebih energik, aktif, rasional, agresif, memiliki stamina atau fisik yang lebih kuat, dan memiliki kemampuan dalam penguasaan hardware atau teknologi komunikasi mutakhir yang lebih baik dibanding wanita yang dianggap lebih emosional, pasif, dan submisif. Anggapan ini tentu saja sangat merugikan perempuan,  walaupun hasil penelitian Robins dinyatakan bahwa,  “Tidak ada beda  laki-laki dan perempuan yang konsisten dalam kemampuan memecahkan masalah, keterampilan analitis, dorongan kompetitif, motivasi, sosiobilitas, atau kemampuan belajar”.  Untuk itu, dalam tulisan ini, penulis menyajikan jawaban apakah benar Profesi PR lebih tepat dijabat oleh Perempuan?

Buru Babi: Politik Identitas Laki-laki Minangkabau

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Zainal Arifin

2012-08-01

Full Text Available Minangkabau is widely known for its matrilineal system. One of the matrilineal values is the man (sumando that positioned as marginal. Sumando is a stranger in his wife's family, as shown in the traditional proverb saying like ashes on the stump (seperti abu di atas tunggul. This position is not profitable, so they have to negotiate with the woman as a "ruler" to strengthen their "masculine identity". This article argues that pig hunting is a media of the identity politics of Minangkabau’s men in establishing and strengthening their identity in the domination matriarchal of the Minangkabau.

ANGIOFIBROMA NASOFARING PADA PASIEN USIA LANJUT

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Sony Yudianto A

2014-09-01

Full Text Available Angiofibroma nasofaring adalah tumor jinak nasofaring yang secara histopatologis merupakan tumor jinak, tetapi secara klinis bersifat destruktif. Tumor ini sering terjadi pada laki-laki prepubertas dan remaja, jarang ditemukan pada pasien usia di atas 25 tahun. Pada kasus ini dilaporkan angiofibroma nasofaring pada laki-laki usia lanjut dengan keluhan hidung tersumbat dan epistaksis berulang, dilakukan operasi ekstirpasi tumor dengan pendekatan transpalatal. Prognosis pasien ini baik, karena pada evaluasi 3 bulan setelah operasi tidak tampak pertumbuhan tumor baru.[MEDICINA 2013;44:105-108].

Proses Berpikir Siswa SD dalam Melakukan Estimasi Masalah Berhitung Berdasarkan Jenis Kelamin

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Muh. Rizal

2013-01-01

Full Text Available Abstract: The Thinking Process of Primary-school Students of Different Sexes in Estimating Arithmetic Problems. This case study is intended to explore the thinking process of the fifth-year students of different sexes in estimating arithmetic problems. Two students, one male and one female, belonging to the high achievers in a mathematics test were selected for the study and then interviewed, assigned to solve arithmetic problems, and finally asked to think aloud their thinking process. The study reveals that the thinking process of both the male and female subjects is in the form of accommodation as they ap­proached the arithmetic problems by repeatedly reading the tasks. Though employing the same thinking process, in the planning stage, the male subject made use of rounding and compatible number strategies, whereas the female one used only rounding strategy. In implementing the plan, the male subject em­ployed mental counting through assimilation, but the female one used algorithm through accommoda­tion. In the evaluating stage, the male subject traced back his work through mental counting, while the female one utilized reverse operations. Abstrak: Proses Berpikir Siswa SD dalam Melakukan Estimasi Masalah Berhitung Berdasarkan Jenis Kelamin. Penelitian ini ingin mendeskripsikan proses berpikir siswa laki-laki dan perempuan yang berkemampuan matematika tinggi dalam melakukan estimasi. Penelitian dilakukan di kelas V SD, dengan subjek satu siswa laki-laki dan satu siswa perempuan yang memiliki skor 75 ke atas dalam tes kemampuan matematika. Data dikumpulkan dengan wawancara, pemberian tes dan think aloud. Analisis dilakukan dengan menelaah seluruh data, reduksi data, pengolompokan data, kategorisasi, pengkodean, dan pemeriksaan kredibilitas data dengan triangulasi waktu. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa proses berpikir keduanya adalah akomodasi. Dalam membuat rencana, laki-laki menggunakan rounding dan compatible number strategy, sedangkan

Savremeno naoružanje i vojna oprema za broj 2-2007 / Modern weapons and military equipment for issue 2-2007 / Современное вооружение и военное оборудование за но. 2-2007

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Mirko Krbavac

2007-04-01

Full Text Available Poboljšani karabin HK 417; Laki automatski lanseri granata L134A1; Bacač granata M100 GREM; Automatski minobacački sistem za upravljanje vatrom Scorpion; Laki PA raketni lanseri MST; Novi kineski prenosni PA raketni sistemi; Troslojni protivraketni odbrambeni sistem; Brodski PA raketni sistem Štilj-1; Izvozni helikopteri kompanije Kamov; Bespilotna letelica za lociranje radarskih signala; Nove varijante bespilotnih letelica Predator; Oklopni transporteri BTR-80UP za iračku armiju; Poboljšana varijanta oklopnog transportera Iguana; Novi inžinjerijski tenkovski sistem Velike Britanije; Inžinjerijsko borbeno vozilo Terrier; Kamioni i tegljači KAMAZ; Osmatračka vozila Fennek za holandsku armiju; Dansko sanitetsko vozilo DURO III P 6×6; Podvodne mine M2004; Radio-uređaj jurišne pešadije Eagle; Uređaj za noćno osmatranje Pathfinder; Sredstva za zaštitu vazduhoplova i zemaljskih borbenih sistema; Provera sintetičkih goriva na bombarderu B-52 H.

Feminisme dalam Sastra Jawa Sebuah Gambaran Dinamika Sosial

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Sri Widati

2009-06-01

Full Text Available Artikel ini bertujuan membahas feminisme dalam sastra Jawa, salah satu sastra etnis di Indonesia yang masih eksis sampai saat ini. Sebelum kemunculan pengarang perempuan, perempuan dalam sastra Jawa ditulis oleh pengarang laki-laki sehingga mereka dideskripsikan sebagai makhluk tak berdaya dan setia pada pria, bukan sebagai sosok atau figur yang kuat. Baru tahun 1917-an, dengan munculnya pengarang perempuan muda dari Yogya dan Surabaya, persepsi feminisme dalam sastra Jawa berubah. Dalam karya-karyanya, mereka mendemonstrasikan solidaritas terhadap perempuan yang menjadi korban ketidaksetaraan gender. Saat ini, sastra Jawa feminis ditulis baik oleh pengarang perempuan maupun laki-laki. Pengarang perempuan menyuguhkan sebuah konsep feminisme yang mengarah pada kesetaraan gender, sementara pengarang laki- laki berusaha untuk membela perempuan tertindas dengan cara laki-laki Abstract: This article is aimed to discuss feminism in Javanese literature, one of the ethnical literatures in Indonesia which still exist up till now. Prior to the emergence of female authors, women in the Javanese literature had been written by male authors so that they had been described as being submissive and loyal to men instead of an image or figure of strong ones. Not until 1917s, by the emergence of young female authors from Yogya and Surabaya, did the perception of feminism in Javanese literature change. In the works, they have demonstrated solidarity to women who became the victims of gender inequality. At the present time, feminist Javanese literatures are written by either female or male author. Female authors present a feminism concept which leads to gender equality, whereas male authors make an effort to defend oppressed women by manly methods. Keywords: feminist, Javanese literature, gender equality, female authors

GENDER AND THE ACTION FILM: QUESTIONS OF FEMALE HEROISM (ANALYSIS OF FEMALE MASCULINITY OF THE FEMALE HEROIC CHARACTER

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Siti Hajariah

2017-08-01

Full Text Available Abstrak. Action telah memantapkan dirinya sebagai salah satu genre terkemuka yang telah hadirdi industri film untuk waktu yang lama. Meskipun film aksi sering kali diidentifikasi dengan filmproduksi Hollywood, dan disebut sebagai state-of-the-art dari film aksi, film Jmaes Bond,bagaimanapun, adalah pertama dan terutama adalah produk Inggris. Bergenre action, film iniditandai sebagai film berorientasi laki-laki (Tasker 2004: 8 sementara itu melalui esainya VisualPleasure and Narrative Cinema” oleh Laura Mulvey (1975 mengingatkan kita pada bagianpenting yang dimainkan oleh isu gender dan kritik film yang feminis, dalam analisis film aksi.Makalah ini membahas perkembangan film laga atau aksi dalam proses untuk membangunkarakter heroik perempuan, yang menunjukkan gagasan perempuan 'maskulinitas', istilah yangdiciptakan oleh Tasker (1993. Penguatan kode biner gender telah diteliti pada film-film aksiyang mengarah ke argumen pada identifikasi pemberdayaan atau eksploitasi dalam aksi yangdipilih teks filmis dari 2010 dan 2011. Perempuan Berdasarkan teori Laura Mulvey padapandangan laki-laki, analisis skrining tubuh di film action berkisar pada aspek narasi, dansinematografi film yang dipilih: Salt (Phillip Noyce, 2010.Abstrak. Action telah memantapkan dirinya sebagai salah satu genre terkemuka yang telah hadirdi industri film untuk waktu yang lama. Meskipun film aksi sering kali diidentifikasi dengan filmproduksi Hollywood, dan disebut sebagai state-of-the-art dari film aksi, film Jmaes Bond,bagaimanapun, adalah pertama dan terutama adalah produk Inggris. Bergenre action, film iniditandai sebagai film berorientasi laki-laki (Tasker 2004: 8 sementara itu melalui esainya VisualPleasure and Narrative Cinema” oleh Laura Mulvey (1975 mengingatkan kita pada bagianpenting yang dimainkan oleh isu gender dan kritik film yang feminis, dalam analisis film aksi.Makalah ini membahas perkembangan film laga atau aksi dalam proses untuk membangunkarakter heroik

PERBANDINGAN PROKRASTINASI AKADEMIK MENURUT PILAHAN JENIS KELAMIN DI UIN SUNAN KALIJAGA YOGYAKARTA

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Muhammad Johan Nasrul Huda

2016-03-01

Full Text Available Salah satu topik penelitian yang paling sering tentang prokrastinasi adalah prokrastinasi akademik. Prokrastinasi adalah perilaku sukarela untuk menunda tindakan, meskipun ia telah mampu memprediksi bahwa penundaan akan membuat hal-hal buruk. Artikel ini membahas perilaku siswa yang menunda sejumlah tugas akademik sampai di dekat batas waktu untuk pengajuan tugas, atau sampai mereka mendapatkan peringatan yang berhubungan dengan mereka dalam tindakan. Berdasarkan survei tahun 2010 pada mahasiswa Universitas Islam Negeri. ditemukan ada perbedaan persentase antara mahasiswa laki-laki dan perempuan dari kelas 2004/2005. Persentase prokrastinasi siswa laki-laki sebanyak 78,5% sedangkan siswa perempuan yang menunda studinya sebanyak 21,5%. Hal ini kemudian dapat disimpulkan bahwa untuk siswa kelas 2004/2005, siswa laki-laki sering menunda studi mereka dibandingkan dengan yang perempuan. fenomena di UIN Sunan Kalijaga adalah bukti prestasi siswa perempuan dalam pendidikan ditandai kemampuan siswa perempuan ‘untuk menyelesaikan studi lebih cepat dibandingkan laki-laki. One of the most frequent research topic of procrastination is academic procrastination. Procrastination is a voluntary behavior to delay an action, though she/he has been able to predict that the delay will make things Worse. This article examines the behavior of students who put off a number of academic duties until near the deadline for submission of assignments, or until they get a warning related to their in action. Based on the survey in 2010 at the State Islamic University student. it is found there is a difference in the percentage between male and female students of class 2004/2005. Percentage of male students of procrastination as much as 78.5% while the female students who put off her studies as much as 21.5%. It can then be concluded that for the students of class Z004/2005, male students often postpone their studies compared with the female ones. the phenomenon at UIN

Perbandingan Inklinasi dan Ukuran Rahang antara Orang Jawa Buta dan Normal

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C. Christnawati

2016-10-01

Full Text Available Latar Belakang. Penglihatan merupakan salah satu faktor yang diperlukan untuk mengontrol postur kepala. Postur kepala berhubungan dengan kompleks kraniofasial. Maksila dan mandibula merupakan bagian dari kompleks kraniofasial. Pada orang buta terjadi penyimpangan pertumbuhan dan perkembangan daerah orbita karena tidak adanya rangsang. Tujuan Penelitian adalah untuk mempelajari perbandingan inklinasi dan ukuran rahang berdasarkan jenis kelamin antara orang Jawa buta dan normal. Metode Penelitian. Penelitian ini dilakukan terhadap 53 subjek, terdiri dari 25 orang buta ( 12 orang laki-laki dan 13 orang perempuan dan 28 orang normal (14 orang laki-laki dan 14 orang perempuan. Setiap subjek penelitian dilakukan pengambilan sefalogram lateral pada posisi alamiah kepala, kemudian dilakukan penapakan pada kertas kalkir di atas iluminator. Pengukuran sembilan parameter inklinasi dan ukuran maksila dan mandibula dilakukan pada hasil penapakan. Data dianalisis dengan uji Anava dua jalur. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat perbedaan yang tidak bermakna (p<0,05. Panjang mandibula dan panjang basis mandibula laki-laki normal lebih besar daripada perempuan normal dan kelompok buta, serta perempuan normal lebih besar daripada perempuan buta (p<0,05. Kesimpulan Ukuran maksila laki-laki buta lebih besar daripada perempuan normal. Panjang mandibula dan panjang basis mandibula laki-laki normal lebih besar daripada perempuan normal lebih besar daripada perempuan normal, laki-laki buta, dan perempuan buta, serta perempuan normal lebih besar daripada perempuan buta.   Background Vision is one of the factors involved in the control of head posture. The posture of the head is related to craniofacial complex. Maxilla and mandible are part of craniofacial complex. In the blind there are deviations of growth and development of the orbital region in the absence of stimuli. The purpose of this study was to compare the inclinations and sizes of maxilla and mandible

PERSEPSI MASYARAKAT TERHADAP PENYAKIT SHIGELLA (DISENTRI DI JAKARTA UTARA

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Siti Sapardiyah Santoso

2012-09-01

Full Text Available Penelitian telah dilakukan di Kecamatan Tanjung Priok dan Kecamatan Koja, Jakarta Utara, mengenai perilaku dan sosial budaya dalam penanggulangan penyakit shigella (disentri. Tulisan ini merupakan bagian dari penelitian tersebut. Tujuan penelitian untuk mengetahui persepsi masyarakat Jakarta Utara mengenai penyakit shigella (disentri. Rancangan penelitian cross sectional. Responden berumur diatas 22 tahun laki-laki dan perempuan dipilih secara acak. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan wawancara menggunakan koesioner terstruktur kepada 500 responden (250 laki-laki dan 250 wanita. Analisis data menggunakan SPSS. Hasil, menurut responden laki-laki dan perempuan. Masyarakat menganggap serius penyakit shigella (disentri berkisar antara 72,4% - 77,6%. Masyarakat cukup peduli terhadap penyakit tersebut berkisar antara 59,6% - 63,2%. Masyarakat menganggap sakit shigella (disentri lebih berat dari penyakit diare lainnya berkisar antara 67,2% - 71,2%. Kelompok mudah terserang penyakit tersebut adalah balita berkisar antara 85,2% - 86,6%, anak 6 -14 tahun berkisar antara 79,2% -80,8%, bayi 0-1 tahun berkisar antara 79,6% - 86,4%. Lama waktu sembuh yang mengatakan seminggu berkisar antara 54,0% - 55,6%. Penyakit tersebut berpengaruh terhadap sosial ekonomi keluarga dan dianggap serius berkisar antara 52,4% - 53,6%. Biaya bila sakit shigella (disentri ringan maupun berat dianggap mahal berkisar antara 33, 6% - 39,2%. Dari penelitian ini dapat disimpulkan bahwa masyarakat menganggap peduli dan serius terhadap penyakit shigella (disentri karena dianggap lebih parah dari diare lainnya dan pengobatannya dianggap mahal baik shigella (disentri ringan maupun berat.

Paradigma Lerner versus Konstruksi Gender

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Mien Hidayat

2006-06-01

Full Text Available Asumsi dasar Paradigma Lerner (dalam komunikasi pembangunan menyatakan terbukanya suatu wilayah dari isolasi fisik akan mendorong masyarakat berurbanisasi, yang selanjutnya akan menghasilkan literasi. Kedua variabel ini akan memengaruhi partisipasi media massa. Selanjutnya saling pengaruh dari ketiga variabel itu akan bermuara pada partisipasi pembangunan Konstruksi gender yang berlangsung di masyarakat yang berlatar belakang budaya patriarkhat ternyata mampu memandekkan aplikasi pemikiran Lerner, khususnya pada ibu-ibu rumah tangga. Urbanisasi tidak berjalan karena gender mengonstruksikan ibu-ibu rumah tangga untuk mendiami wilayah domestik. Gender juga menebar faham, pendidikan lebih diprioritaskan untuk anak laki-laki ketimbang anak perempuan dengan alasan laki-laki akan menjadi kepala rumah tangga yang bertanggung jawab terhadap keluarga. Terhambatnya aplikasi kedua konsep ini cenderung memperkecil akses perempuan pada media massa, yang pada akhirnya mengondisikan ibu-ibu rumah tangga (perempuan dihimpit keterbatasan dalam partisipasi pembangunan.

Minat Mahasiswa Setelah Lulus Kuliah Terhadap Entrepreneurs: Studi Kasus Mahasiswa Peserta Pelatihan Entrepreneurship Fakultas Agama Islam Universitas Darul ‘Ulum Jombang Tahun 2015

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A. Syafi' AS

2016-06-01

Full Text Available Kewirausahaan (entrepreneurship adalah kemampuan kreatif dan inovatif dalam menciptakan nilai tambah di pasar melalui proses pengelolaan sumber daya dengan cara-cara baru dan berbeda. Di Indonesia, kewirausahaan dipelajari baru terbatas pada beberapa sekolah atau perguruan tinggi tertentu saja. Program yang dilakukan oleh Fakultas Agama Islam Universitas Darul ‘Ulum Jombang ditambah dengan adanya bantuan penguatan entrepreneurs centre PTKI tahun 2015 dari Direktorat Pendidikan Tinggi Islam Kementerian Agama RI dapat menjadi batu loncatan bagi mahasiswa Fakultas Agama Islam Universitas Darul ‘Ulum Jombang yang ingin membuka usaha pada saat lulus kuliah nanti. Penelitian ini merupakan SWOT analasis tentang minat mahasiswa peserta entrepreneursip mahasiswa Fakultas Agama Islam Universitas Darul ‘Ulum Jombang setelah lulus kuliah terhadap entrepreneurship. Teknik pengumpulan datanya melalui observasi, wawancara, angket dan dokumentasi. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian yang didapat adalah sebanyak 63.48% perempuan dan 66.05% laki-laki ingin membuka usaha setelah lulus, artinya minat menjadi wirausaha lebih besar pada mahasiswa laki-laki. Mahasiswa yang ingin bekerja setelah lulus adalah 24.17% perempuan dan 26.12% laki-laki. Untuk mahasiswa yang ingin menjadi Pegawai Negri Sipil setelah lulus hampir berimbang, yaitu 5.19% perempuan dan 5.23% laki-laki. Sedangkan yang menginginkan menjadi guru lebih banyak terjadi pada mahasiswa perempuan, yaitu 7.16% dan hanya 2.14% dari mahasiswa laki-laki. Yang paling menarik dalam temuan penelitian ini adalah didapatnya 0.46% mahasiswa laki-laki yang ingin menjadi ABRI pada saat lulus kuliah, melihat latar belakang data yang di dapat mahasiswa yang ingin jadi ABRI dilatarbelakangi oleh orangtuanya yang memang ABRI. || Entrepreneurship is the ability to be creative and innovative in creating added value in the market through the process of managing resources in new dan different ways. In Indonesia, a new study of

Stereotip Gender dalam Lukisan Anak-Anak di Yogyakarta

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Kasiyan -

2014-11-01

Full Text Available Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengeksplanasi: (1 stereotip gender lakilakidalam representasi seni lukis anak-anak; (2 stereotip gender laki-laki dalamrepresentasi seni lukis anak-anak; (3 faktor yang mempengaruhi ada perbedaanstereotip gender laki-laki dan perempuan dalam representasi lukisan anak-anak diYogyakarta sebagaimana tersebut. Metode penelitian ini adalah kualitatif denganpendekatan semiotik, dengan data penelitian lukisan karya anak-anak di Yogyakarta.Teknik analisis yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah deskriptif kualitatif.Hasil penelitian ini dapat disampaikan sebagai berikut: (1 Lukisan anak-anakcenderung merepresentasikan laki-laki dalam posisi dan peran di sektor publik danlebih positif, (2 Sementara itu, sebaliknya perempuan direpresnetasikan cenderungada di posisi dan perannya di sektor domestik yang cenderung negatif, (3 Adapunpenyebab utama adanya perbedaan konstruksi gender yang stereotip laki-laki danperempuan tersebut, terutama disebabkan oleh kuatnya konstruksi ideologi genderdan patriarki secara sosial budaya di masyarakat, tidak terkecuali yang dipahamidalam pengetahuan anak-anak. Gender Stereotype in the Children’s Paintings in Yogyakarta. This particular studyis aimed to explain: (1 men’s gender stereotype representation in children’s painting; (2 women’stype representation in children’s paintings; and (3 factors influencing those two ways of genderstereotype representations which tend to be exploitative. The method used in this particular studyis the qualitative method with gender and semiotic perspective as the main concerns. The data arein the forms of children’s paintings in Yogyakarta. The descriptive qualitative analysis techniqueis used to analyze the data. The results of this study can be described as the followings: 1 (Menare represented in the children’s paintings as having the more positive gender stereotype that isbeing placed in the public roles and position; (2 On the

EFEK GENDER DAN TIPE KEPRIBADIAN DALAM PROSES PEMEROLEHAN BAHASA JAWA SEBAGAI BAHASA KEDU

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Paundra Pristyasiwi

2018-02-01

Full Text Available Pemerolehan bahasa kedua tidak lepas dari beberapa faktor pendukung dan faktor penghambat. Salah satu faktor yang berpengaruh dalam keberhasilan proses pemerolehan bahasa kedua adalah usia, jenis kelamin dan tentunya perbedaan kepribadian setiap individu. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mendiskripsikan efek gender dan tipe kepribadian terhadap pemerolehan bahas Jawa sebagai bahasa kedua pada siswa di SMK Giki 1 Surabaya. Penelitian ini dilakukan pada siswa kelas sebelas dan duabelas yang berasal dari luar Jawa (Surabaya tahun akademik 2017/2018. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode deskriptif kualitatif dengan model analisis kategoris deskriptif. Hasil penelitian ini membuktikan bahwa (1 terdapat perbedaan pada proses pemerolehan bahasa kedua atara siswa perempuan dan laki-laki, siswa perempuan memiliki kemauan dan kemampuan yang lebih tinggi daripada siswa laki-laki, (2 terdapat perbedaan penguasaan pemerolehan bahasa pada siswa berkepribadian ekstrovert dan introvert, siswa ektrovert memiliki kompetensi pemerolehan lebih tinggi daripada siswa berkepribadian introvert.

REKONSTRUKSI MASKULINITAS: MENGUAK PERAN LAKI-LAKI DALAM PERJUANGAN KESETARAAN GENDER

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Gusri Wandi

2015-11-01

Full Text Available Gender inequality is a phenomenon that is still sticking to the present. To overcome the various programs have been implemented for the sake of equality. But it is still fixed in women, while men who also had a big hand in the creation of these gaps are rarely involved. How important is the role of men in gender equality and how to realize them? This question will be discussed in this paper.

Penerapan Pembelajaran Model Kooperatif Tipe Think-Pair-Share Dalam Materi Usaha Dan Energi Ditinjau Dari Gender Siswa Kelas Xi Ipa Sma Negeri 1 Sungai Ambawang

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Ira Nofita Sari

2016-09-01

Full Text Available Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui penerapan pembelajaran model kooperatif tipe think-pair-share dalam materi usaha dan energi ditinjau dari gender siswa kelas XI IPA SMA Negeri 1 Sungai Ambawang. Adapun variabel dalam penelitian ini adalah hasil belajar siswa laki-laki dan hasil belajar siswa perempuan. Metode yang digunakan dalam peneltian ini adalah metode eksperimen dan bentuk penelitian eksperimen yang digunakan adalah Pre-Eksperimental Designs dengan rancangan penelitian The One-Shot Case Study.Sampel yang digunakan ialah kelas XI IPA 1 yang diambil secara purposive sampling.. Teknik pengumpul data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah teknik pengukuran dengan alat pengumpul data berupa tes yang berbentuk essay. Berdasarkan hasil analisis data penelitian diperoleh kesimpulan: (1 Rata-rata hasil belajar siswa laki-laki yang diajarkan model pembelajaran kooperatif tipe think-pair-share dalam materi usaha dan energi siswa kelas XI IPA SMA Negeri 1 Sungai Ambawang mencapai KKM (72 dengan nilai signifikansi lebih besar dari taraf signifikansi 5% (0,715 > 0,05. (2 Rata-rata hasil belajar siswa perempuan yang diajarkan model pembelajaran kooperatif tipe think-pair-share dalam materi usaha dan energi siswa kelas XI IPA SMA Negeri 1 Sungai Ambawang mencapai KKM (72 dengan nilai signifikansi lebih besar dari taraf signifikansi 5% (0,185 > 0,05. (3 Terdapat perbedaan antara rata-rata hasil belajar siswa laki-laki dengan rata-rata hasil belajar siswa perempuan yang diajarkan model pembelajaran kooperatif tipe Think-Pair-Share dalam materi usaha dan energi siswa kelas XI IPA SMA Negeri 1 Sungai Ambawang dengan nilai signifikansi lebih besar dari taraf signifikansi 5% (0,101 > 0,05.

GENDER CONSTRUCTION IN VISUAL IMAGES IN TEXTBOOKS FOR PRIMARY SCHOOL STUDENTS

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Ika Lestari Damayanti

2014-01-01

KONSTRUKSI GENDER DALAM CITRA VISUAL PADA BUKU TEKS UNTUK SISWA SEKOLAH DASAR   Abstrak:Di Indonesia, upaya penyadaran pentingnya isu penyetaraan gender dalam buku ajar sekolah masih belum banyak dilakukan. Untuk itu, penelitian ini dilakukan sebagai salah satu cara penyadaran isu gender dengan menginvestigasi representasi gender dalam buku ajar. Penelitian ini menggunakan analisis teks terhadap empat buku ajar yang digunakan di sekolah dasar. Fokus analisisnya adalah pada gambar ilustrasi yang menyertai teks tertulis seperti bagian bacaan. Gambar tersebut dianalisis dengan menggunakan teori ‘Visual Grammar’ yang dikembangkan oleh Kress dan van Leeuween. Hasilnya menunjukkan bahwa gambar-gambar tersebut merepresentasikan ketidaksetaraan gender. Perempuan digambarkan sebagai sosok yang tergantung pada orang lain dibandingkan laki-laki yang mandiri dan mereka berlaku sebagai pengagum pekerjaan yang dilakukan laki-laki. Berdasarkan hasil temuannya, penelitian ini merekomendasikan upaya yang lebih serius dalam menampilkan peran gender yang seimbang dan tidak hanya ditampilkan dalam teks tulis namun juga dalam gambar karena pada dasarnya makna dikonstruksi secara multimodal.   Katakunci:konstruksi gender, visual grammar, teks gambar.

INTESTINAL PARASITES AND MALARIA IN MUSI BANYU ASIN AND OGAN KOMERING ULU REGENCIES, SOUTH SUMATRA

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W. Patrick Carney

2012-09-01

Full Text Available Pada bulan Mei 1973 diadakan survey tinja dan darah di lima desa di Sumatra Selatan untuk mengetahui aspek-aspek penyakit parasit pada penduduk asli dan para transmigran yang datang antara tahun 1935 dan 1955. Desa-desa Tanjung Kerang, Simpang Langkap dan Biuku di Kabupaten Musi Banyu Asin yang terletak di sebelah barat laut kota Palembang merupakan daerah hutan-ladang-huma dan perkebunan karet rakyat dikelilingi oleh rawa-rawa, yang di diami oleh penduduk asli. Desa-desa Sidomulyo dan Tanjung Raya di Kabupaten Ogan Komering Ulu, terletak di sebelah tenggara' kota Palembang, adalah tempat transmigrasi yang merupakan daerah persawahan." Dari 358 orang yang diperiksa tinjanya yang terdiri dari 193 laki-laki dan 165 wanita, di keiemukan 97 per cent terinfeksi oleh sedikitnya satu macam parasit, 87 per cent oleh 2 macam parasit atau lebih dan 55 per cent oleh 3 macam parasit atau lebih. Telur-telur cacing yang di temukan antara lain ialah: Trichuris trichiura. (83 per cent, Ascaris lumbricoides (78 per cent dan cacing tambang (59 per cent. Enterobius vermicularis (1 per cent dan Strongyloides stercoralis (0,3 per cent jarang di jumpai. Entamoeba coli (29 per cent merupakan parasit protozoa yang biasa di temukan. Jumlah rata-rata protozoa yang ada dalam usus ialah: Entamoeba histofytica (4 per cent, Entamoeba hartmanni (1 per cent, Endolimax nona (5 per cent, Iodamoeba butschlii (5 per cent, Giardia lamblia (3 per cent dan Chilomastbc mesnili (4 per cent. Distribusi dari parasit usus hampir sama di antara golongan laki-laki dan wanita; meskipun tanah memegang peranan yang sama dalam pemindahan cacing-cacing, tetapi A. lumbricoides dan T. trichiura lebih banyak di jumpai pada wanita, sedangkan cacing tambang lebih banyak pada laki-laki. Prevalensi parasit usus menurut golongan umur adalah sebagai berikut: A. lumbricoides lebih banyak pada golongan muda, T. trichiura merata pada semua golongan umur, tetapi yang terbanyak pada golongan umur antara 30

Savremeno naoružanje i vojna oprema za br. 2-2005 / Modern weapons and military equipment for issue 2-2005 / Современное вооружение и военное оборудование за но. 2-2005

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Mirko Krbavac

2005-03-01

Full Text Available Laser protiv minobacačkih napada; Poboljšana laka samohodna haubica 155 mm; Velika Britanija poboljšava moć zemaljske artiljerije; Laki raketni artiljerijski sistem LIMAWS(R; Poboljšani sistem PVO Osa–AKM; Južnokorejski višecevni raketni lanser 70 mm; Novi SUV za projektile Krasnopolj; Borbeno vozilo pešadije Marder MK 30; Novi čistač mina marinskog korpusa SAD; Izraelski oklopni transporter Nemerah; Sistem Protektor za oklopna vozila; Dodatna zaštita za lako oklopljena vozila Modernizovani lovački avion Su-27SM; Sistem za samozaštitu helikoptera; Bespilotni helikopter Little Bird; Bolja zaštita vozila M2 Bradley; „Elektromagnetni oklop“ za laki tenk Thunderbolt; Poboljšani ručni laserski daljinomer Vector; Ekonomišan sistem za identifikaciju; Lako vozilo za vatrenu podršku; Naoružana robotizovana vozila; Razvoj snažnijih tenkovskih motora u Rusiji; Motori za laka borbena vozila; Prvo terensko vozilo na vodonik; Nove tehnologije za borbu protiv bombi; Novi kineski i iranski RPG-7; Lako oklopno vozilo CM-32; Taktičko vozilo MTV A1+ 8×8; Ručni širokopojasni softverski radio; Sistem za akviziciju cilja na bespilotnoj letelici; Osmatrački radar nove generacije MRR-3D; Novi koncept brzih brodova; Patrolni čamac Super Dvora Mk III; Nova ruska podmornica Projekt 677; Višenamenski patrolni brod MOPV; Detektor za streljačko naoružanje; Laka verzija avioradara N011M Bars.

PROFIL BIOKIMIA DARAH PEKERJA LAKI-LAKI DENGAN KATEGORI RINGAN DAN BERAT

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Yuniar Rosmalina

2012-11-01

Full Text Available Biochemical Profile of Male Workers According To Hard or Light Works.Background: Various occupations could be categorized as light, moderate and heavy activities as well. Heavy workers by mean those who mainly work based on muscle strength usually received low salary, therefore they have low purchasing power for providing better nutrition, including for adequate energy intake. In contrary for those who work mainly using brain capacity rather than muscle strength usually received higher salary and consumed food with high content of fat. The difference of income could result difference of nutrition intake, even different impact to health/nutrition status and sensitivity to certain diseases as well. The profile of nutritional biochemistry could indicate the health status of people.Objectives: To study the relationship between biochemical profile of worker and different type of work.Methods: The subjects were 43 worker of sandal handicraft considered as light level workers and 44 workers of sand and stone as heavy workers whose met criteria 30-55 years old, physically healthy and agreed to involve in this study. Body composition was measured using anthropometry and blood analysis. Anthropometric measurement was applied including body weight, height, MUAC and skin fold thickness. Blood analysis was hemoglobin, albumin, protein and triglyceride. Nutrient intake was collected by combination weighing and 24 hours recall method for 3 consecutive days. Other data collection includes physical examination by a medical doctor and interview was done to identify their characteristic and socio demografi.Results: The proportion of workers who had serum albumin below normal was higher in heavy worker compared to light worker (56.8% vs. 23.3%. This finding indicated that more than half of hard workers had protein depletion as result of break down protein stores in thebody. The average of serum albumin of light workers was significantly higher compared to heavy workers. No significantly different based on the hemoglobin, protein and triglyceride concentration between the heavy and the light workers. The average energy and protein intake shows the heavy worker had higher intake on both nutrients compared to the lightworkers. The average energy intake of light worker was 1923 ± 295 Kcal and protein 41.6 ± 8.99 g, while the energy intake of heavy worker was 2232 ± 500 Kcal and protein 46.7 ± 14.7g.Conclusions: There was no significantly different found regarding biochemical profile oftwo workers, except serum albumin concentration. The lower profile of serum albumin concentration indicated that the heavy workers sacrificed of prolonged protein depletion of the body.Keywords: hemoglobin, protein, albumin, triglyceride, male worker.

ANEMIA, PRESTASI, DAN KECERDASAN PADA REMAJA AWAL LAKI-LAKI DAN PEREMPUAN

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Leny Latifah

2017-02-01

Full Text Available Background. Anemia and IDD are interlinked nutritional problem especially indeveloping countries. Anemic conditions has been known to decreased iodiumefectivity. Attention in adolescence nutritional status is still limited that studies onnutrition and micronutrient status of adolescents are still needed. Relationshipsbetween micronurient and cognitive development in adolescents require clarification.Objective. To determine the relationship between anemia status with cognitivefunction, using level of intelligence and learning achievement, in early adolescenceperiode. Method. This was a cross-sectional study conducted in the Bulu and Kedudistrict, Temanggung. Samples were 120 first grade junior high school students. Datacollected include cognitive function, with level of intelligence and learning achievementas indicators. Intelligence was measured with CFIT (Culture Fair Intelligence Testand academic achievement measured by standardized tests on mathematics. Anemiastatus was measured with hemoglobin levels using CyanmetHb method. Researchdata were analyzed by independent sample t-test and linear regression. Results. Theresults showed that student with cognitive function with intelligence level indicator onis quite high (62.9%. Female in early adolescent had 1.5 times risks to have anemiathan male, but statistically not significant (OR: 1.55; 95% CI; 0.61-3.93. There wasno association between anemia status (p>0.05 and gender (p>0.05 with intelligence(p>0.05 and learning achievement (p>0.05. Intelligence level contributed most tomathematics achievement (beta=0.257 p<0.05. Conclusion. There is no differencein the level of intelligence and learning achievement in early adolescence period,based on the anemia status and gender. Intelligence is a dominant factor influencingmathematics achievement. Further research is necessary in the middle or lateadolescence to obtain more comprehensive understanding in the effect of anemiaon adolescents cognitive function.Keywords: anemia status, cognitive function, early adolescents

Partisipasi laki-laki dalam program Keluarga Berencana di era masyarakat postmodern

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Sutinah Sutinah

2017-09-01

Full Text Available This study is motivated by the low number of men who become KB acceptor, although family planning programs have been promoted in Indonesia since the 1970s. Therefore, this study aims to examine: (1 men’s participation in the implementation of Family Planning Program in East Java Province; (2 obstacles that impede the participation of men in the implementation of the Family Planning Program; And (3 Strategies that need to be developed to increase men’s participation in the implementation of family planning programs in the postmodern society. This study was conducted in Surabaya which was choosen for representing the urban and Madiun for representing the character of rural communities. Samples was choosen in each city/district consists of 75 people or a total of 150 men. Data was collected through structured interviews with 15 informants are underwent indepth interview. This study found that (1 male participation in family planning in particular the use of vasectomy methods is still very low in both Surabaya and Madiun, most EFAs place family planning programs as women’s responsibilities; (2 obstacles that impede the participation of men in family planning are psychological constraints such as concern in decreasement in masculinity, impotence, social constraints; and the constraints that come from the wife such as possibility of wife’s affair; and (3 strategies for increasing men’s participation in family planning include more intensive socialization, and mass media campaigns, which feature popular ad stars, so the participation of men in the Family Planning Program is no longer considered something which is taboo or embarrassing.

Perbedaan Self-Image Remaja Laki-Laki dan Perempuan Penderita Acne Vulgaris

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Nasution, Fauziah Nami

2016-01-01

The research aims to find out the differences self-images on adolescent boy’s Acne Vulgaris patient and on adolescent girl’s. Self-image is the mental picture of an individual about his physical appearance Jersild (1963). Acne vulgaris is a chronic inflammation of the follicle polisebasea characterized by comedones, papules, pustules, and cysts in predilection areas, such as the face, shoulders, chest, and back. The population of the research is senior students in Medan who have Acne Vulgaris...

Dental measurements of Deuteromalayid Javanese students of the Faculty of Dentistry Airlangga University

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Myrtati Dyah Artaria

2011-09-01

dilihat dari geligi tengkorak manusia, untuk keperluan identifikasi. Tujuan: Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui perbedaan ukuran mesiodistal gigi antara laki-laki dan perempuan Deuteromalayid dari Jawa. Metode: Penelitian ini menggunakan data pengukuran mesio-distal gigi untuk mengetahui apakah ada perbedaan antar jenis kelamin pada ukuran gigi mahasiswa Fakultas Kedokteran Gigi Universitas Airlangga keturunan Deuteromalayid dari Jawa. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian tahap awal dengan jumlah sampel yang masih terbatas. Sampel diambil dari 52 orang individu yang bersedia dicetak giginya dengan jumlah 26 laki-laki dan 26 perempuan. Pengukuran dilakukan dari mesial ke distal gigi. Pengukuran tidak dilakukan mesial gigi yang mengalami kerusakan seperti misalnya karena karies atau aus yang parah. Signifikansi perbedaan antar jenis kelamin dianalisis menggunakan independent t-test. Hasil: Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat perbedaan yang signifikan antar laki-laki dan perempuan di semua jenis gigi, kecuali pada premolar ke dua atas dan bawah. ”Reverse sexual dimorphism” di mana rata-rata ukuran gigi perempuan lebih besar dari lakilaki, tidak ditemukan pada sampel ini. Pada penelitian ini meskipun dijumpai ”overlap” pada ukuran gigi laki-laki dan perempuan, tetapi sebagian besar rata-rata ukuran gigi berbeda secara bermakna antar kedua jenis kelamin pada sampel mahasiswa Fakultas Kedokteran Gigi Universitas Airlangga yang berasal dari Jawa keturunan Deuteromalayid. Kesimpulan: Dapat disimpulkan bahwa pengukuran gigi laki-laki lebih besar daripada perempuan, kecuali premolar kedua maksila dan mandibula.

PERAN PEMERINTAH DAERAH DALAM PEMBERDAYAAN PEREMPUAN DI KELURAHAN KALEGOWA, KECAMATAN SOMBA OPU KABUPATEN GOWA

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Adzimat Tinur Haque

2014-04-01

   Berbagai fenomena terkait dengan perempuan baik dalam bidang politik, ekonomi, sosial, dan budaya menciptakan perbedaan eksistensial antara laki-laki dan perempuan. Hingga melahirkan pemikiran bahwa kedudukan perempuan dan laki-laki berbeda, perempuan cenderung sebagai subordinat dalam rumah tangga. Untuk itu, dalam tulisan ini hendak melihat peran Badan Keluarga Berencana dan Pemberdayaan Perempuan dalam meningkatkan kualitas perempuan. Peneliian ini menggunakan penelitian deskriptif kualitatiff yaitu data yang dikumpulkan dideskriptifkan berdasarkan hasil wawancara langsung dan pengamatan langsung di lapangan. Peran Badan Keluarga Berencana Dan Pemberdayaan Perempuan dalam Pemberdayaan Perempuan yaitu dengan melakukan sosialisasi tentang kelompok usaha kepada peserta pemberdayaan, pendampingan mulai dari tahap persiapan, pelaksanaan hingga evaluasi, dan yang terakhir yaitu pelatihan yang didalamnya berisi pelatihan pembuatan jajanan pasar, pelatihan tas pesta dan pelatihan penjahitan, dalam kegiatan tersebut yang berfungsi sebagai pelaksana yaitu Badan Keluarga Berencana Dan Pemberdayaan Perempuan yang dibantu oleh LSM ( Lembaga Swadaya Masyarakat serta tim penggerak PKK, sedangkan yang berfungsi sebagai peserta yaitu perempuan yang akan melakukan pemberdayaan. Dengan berjalannya peran tersebut perempuan sudah bisa malakukan Akses, Kontrol, Manfaat dan Partisipasi.

Otitis Media Supuratif Kronik pada Anak

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Muhamad Faris Pasyah

2016-02-01

Otitis media supuratif kronik (OMSK merupakan masalah pada anak dan remaja yang berdampak pada fisik, sosial serta psikologis dan mempunyai prevalensi yang tinggi. Kondisi ini merupakan proses peradangan akibat infeksi mukoperiosteum rongga telinga tengah yang ditandai oleh perforasi membran timpani dan keluar sekret yang terus menerus atau hilang timbul selama 3 bulan, serta dapat menyebabkan perubahan patologik yang permanen. Tujuan penelitian mengetahui gambaran OMSK pada anak. Penelitian dilakukan secara deskriptif retrospektif di poliklinik Otologi Departemen Ilmu Kesehatan Telinga Hidung Tenggorokan-Kepala Leher (THT-KL RS Dr. Hasan Sadikin Bandung periode Januari 2012–Desember 2013. Diagnosis ditegakkan berdasarkan anamnesis dan pemeriksaan fisis. Didapatkan pasien OMSK anak laki-laki 53% dan pasien anak perempuan 47%. Jumlah OMSK tipe benigna 83% dan tipe maligna 17%. Komplikasi terbanyak OMSK pada anak adalah mastoiditis 32%. Angka putus berobat pada pasien anak dengan OMSK sebesar 60%. Simpulan, penderita OMSK pada anak lebih banyak pada laki-laki tipe benigna dan angka pasien putus berobat masih banyak ditemukan.

Wanita dan Abad Baru Sensualisme Media

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Idi Subandy Ibrahim

2001-12-01

Full Text Available Wacana tentang wanita di era cyberspace tidak terlepas dari bahasa media yang merepresentasikan realitas wanita dalam kerangka yang telah diagendakan. Wacana ini merentang mulai dari diskusi seputar perpindahan dari “kekerasan domestik” ke “kekerasan simbolik” yang lekat dengan kehidupan wanita, seksualitas di ruang maya (cyberspace dan cyberporn, serta migrasi simbolik para artis sebagai wujud perburuan popularitas dalam kebudayaan pop. Wacana kekerasan simbolik menghadirkan pemajangan atau display tubuh wanita sebagai objek tontonan untuk memenuhi hasrat laki-laki, dan sebagai objek imajinasi serta fantasi seksual laki-laki. Ini terkait dengan wacana seksualitas di ruang maya yang menawarkan kebebasan tanpa batas untuk berpartisipasi dalam segala bentuk, sehingga terjadi pergeseran ke arah hypersexuality yang sulit diterima akal sehat karena sudah terlalu melebihi kondisi normal. Pada perburuan popularitas dalam kebudayaan pop, terdapat kecenderungan di antara para artis wanita untuk mengadakan semacam ‘migrasi simbolik’ — pergantian atau perpindahan simbol-simbol yang dikenakan seseorang untuk menjaga citra dirinya di mata orang lain. Dalam perspektif inilah perubahan tatanan simbolik dan budaya citra dikritisi sebagai sebuah siasat atau trik yang beroperasi di balik logika kapitalisme untuk bertahan dalam arus percepatan citra — dan bukannya suatu perwujudan dari pencerahan jiwa.

Women Speak: A Writing-Subject's Perspective on Toeti Hera Ty's Calon Arang and Cok Sawitrl's Janda dari Jirah

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Fabiola D Kurnia

2008-06-01

Full Text Available Makalah ini mengkaji tcntang perspektif subjek kepenulisan dari dua penulis perempuan: Turi Heraty dan Cok Sawitri tentang bagaimana posisi subjek yang berkuasa memberdayakan dirinya sendiri dari konstruksi subordinat, 'the other' (liyan pada kasus pembelaan diri seorang pcrempuan pendeta. yang dikenal sebagai Calon Arang atau janda dari Jirah, untuk mcnciptakan kebudayaaan. Heraty berbicara atas nama seorang janda tua Jirah, Calon Arang, sebagai perempuan korban masyarakat patriarkal. Sebagai korban, janda tua ini diperkenalkan sebagai simbol kejahatan dalam dikotomi kejahatan dan kebaikan. Akan tetapi, Herati memanfaatkan malapetaka dan target dari kejahatan Calon Arang untuk menghadirkan perspektif subjek kepenulisannya: kemarahan perempuan. Heraty, juga dalam kemarahannya. bcrbicara atas nama perempuan yang menjadi objek yang tcrsubjektifikasi, sebagai subordinasi kekuasaaan laki. Sawitri berbicara atas nama janda yang perkasa. janda dari Jirah. sebagai perempuan pendeta yang tak tertandingi otoritas kekuasaan laki-laki. Sebagai pendeta, janda terscbut diperkenalkan sebagai simbol lbu yang Agung. ternpat bcrlindung dan bernaung. Disini, Sawitri memanfaatkan ajaran-ajaran dari kredo si Janda untuk menunjukkan pcrspektif subjck kcpcnulisannya: superioritas pcrcmpuan. Sawitri, dalam kckagumannya, berbicara atas nama pcrcrnpuan yang menjadi subjek yang terobjektifikasi, sebagai 'the other'- sebagaimana juga laki-laki, untuk menciptakan harmoni. Baik Heraty maupun Sawitri berbicara atas nama pembungkaman Calon Arang dan Janda dari Jirah, Heraty dengan cara membebaskan pcrempuan dari esensi biologis dan mengasihani diri mereka sendiri, sedangkan Sawitri dari kemungkinan-kemungkinan filosofis dan keyakinan keagamaan mereka. Dua penulis perempuan ini telah menciptakan usaha yang luar biasa untuk berbicara dengan menggunakan perspektif-perspektif mereka terhadap pembungkaman Calon Arang dan Janda dari Jirah dalam posisi objek yang "tersubjcktifikasi

Perilaku Komunikasi Perempuan dan Laki-Laki di Wilayah Rawan Bencana Gunung Api

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Edi Puspito

2014-07-01

Full Text Available Residents who live in volcanic regions, both men and women, have the risk of volcanic catastrophe. By obtain the latest information and understand the volcano disaster can reduce the risk.  Communication media with various advantages become an important means to access disaster information. The purpose of this study was to analyze men and women skills in the volcano disaster-prone areas in utilizing communication media and perceptions of resources. This research is a quantitative study by observation techniques.Conclusions of This study is the skill level of residents in the volcano disaster-prone areas are categorized as the low category, there is no difference in the frequency of radio, TV, and the Internet usage by citizens of both men and women, but differ in the use of HP and HT

Hubungan Antara Stress Dengan Perilaku Merokok Pada Pegawai Negeri Sipil Laki-laki

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Rizkiani, Melly; Widyastuti, Rita Hadi

2012-01-01

Stress is a condition that could be experienced by everybody, including civil employees. Stress in civil employees could be derived from work problems, household problems, and neighborhood problems. Stress is one of many reasons for some people to smoke. Based on the result of observation and informal interview to some civil employees in Regional Secretariat Office of Brebes District, there are 86% from 173 employees that smoke. The goal of this research is to know the relationship between st...

RELASI LAKI-LAKI DAN PEREMPUAN DALAM AL-QUR’AN MENURUT AMINA WADUD

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M. Rusydi

2014-11-01

Full Text Available This writing analyzes Amina Wadud’s view on gender in Islam. The issue put forward is on the question of Wadud’s reading method on gender in the Qur’an. This paper reveals that according to Wadud there are three main principles to solve gender problems, namely, tauhîd, taqwa and khalîfah. The principles of tauhîd and taqwa show equality because al-Qur’an prescribes that no one is being having more self-esteem except with the quality of taqwa. Wadud calls these principles as tauhidic paradigm. While the principle of khalîfah in al-Qur’an requires Muslim, both man and woman alike, to become an agent of moral custodian to maintain the harmony of the world. She also urges that the Qur’an be interpreted holistically by considering three aspects; the context of revelation, stylistic and grammar of text, as well as weltanschauung or worldview of the text. As such she designates her methodology as a tauhidic hermeneutic, since upon this methodology, it can be argued that the Qur’an looks at man and woman equally.

KONSTRUKSI GENDER, HEGEMONI KEKUASAAN, DAN LEMBAGA PENDIDIKAN

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Marhumah Marhumah

2012-01-01

AbstrakIsu gender adalah bagian dari persoalan sosial kemasyarakatan di Indonesia, yang persoalan utamanya  adalah kesenjangan mencolok antara laki-laki dan perempuan. Selama ini, sosialisasi gender adalah dengan cara mengedarkan pesan-pesan, wacana, nilai-nilai, norma-norma, kepercayaan dan model-model yang merepresentasikan kontruksi gender tertentu, yang dalam konsep Foucault sebagai diskursus (discourse). Dengan konsep wacana tersebut, sosialisasi gender mengandaikan adanya relasi pengeta...

Kasus Pemerkosaan dan Pembunuhan Yuyun dalam Kacamata Kultur Patriarki

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Hana, Lidwina

2016-01-01

Kasus pemerkosaan yang berujung dengan tindakan pembunuhan seringkali menimpa Perempuan Indonesia. Pemerkosaan merupakan tindakan subordinasi perempuan, suatu simbol di mana kedudukan perempuan dengan laki-laki belum setara dalam kultur patriarki. Yuyun usia empat belas tahun, siswi kelas VII SMPN 5 Kecamatan Padang Ulak Tanding, Kabupaten Rejanglebong, menjadi korban pemerkosaan dan pembunuhan oleh empat belas pelaku pada 2 April 2016 saat perjalanan pulang sekolah. Menteri Sosial (Men...

Negotiation of Gender Relations Meaning among Female Interpretation Community in Housing and Village Settlement

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Sri Budi Lestari

2014-12-01

Full Text Available The sitcom of Husbands fearing Wives (SSTI-Suami-Suami Takut Istri, is one of the private television sitcoms which highlights violence as a joke to provoke laughter of its audiences. In SSTI, the joke involves the concept of gender, exchanging the role of women and men which has been socially and culturally constructed. One of the main objectives of this study is to analyze the role of the interpretation community in understanding the gender relations in SSTI sitcom. The study aims to discover the media interpretation by a group of female audiences living in the village and sub-district of Tembalang, Semarang. The results show that the negotiation of interpretation community on SSTI sitcom is not in line with the goal of the media; because the nature of men and women roles that are exchanged is interpreted as an “abnormal” relation. Therefore, the hierarchical power relation between men and women which tends to disadvantage women, for interpretation community is regarded as a normal & natural.Tayangan sinetron komedi Suami-suami Takut Istri (SSTI, merupakan salah satu program televisi swasta yang menonjolkan kekerasan sebagai lelucon untuk tujuan memancing tawa. Dalam prakteknya SSTI melibatkan konsep jender, yang mempertukarkan sifat-sifat perempuan dan laki-laki  sebagai hasil kontruksi secara sosial maupun kultural. Salah satu tujuan penelitian ini ingin menganalisis peran komunitas interpretasi dalam pemaknaan tentang relasi jender pada tayangan sinetron SSTI. Penelitian ini berlangsung pada penonton perempuan yang tinggal di perumahan dan perkampungan wilayah kecamatan Tembalang, kota Semarang. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa negosiasi komunitas interpretasi pada tayangan sinetron SSTI tidak sejalan dengan arahan media karena ternyata sifat laki-laki dan perempuan yang dipertuarkan dimaknai sebagai relasi yang tidak ‘normal’. Dengan demikian relasi kuasa hirarkis antara laki-laki dan perempuan  yang cenderung merugikan

BIAS GENDER DALAM KONSTRUKSI HUKUM ISLAM DI INDONESIA

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Solikul Hadi

2016-03-01

Full Text Available Keluarga merupakan unit terkecil dari masyarakat.Pengaturan peran laki-laki dan perempuan dalamkeluarga berdampak pada peran dan kedudukannya dalam masyarakat. Rumusan dalam Kompilasi Hukum Islam (KID yang membedakan peran perempuan dan laki Iaki perlu  dikritisi.Pembagian peran di dalam Kompilasi Hukum Islam (KHl yang sangat patriarkis dalam banyak hal cenderung banyak diilhami oleh aturan aturan jauh sebelumnya yang bersifat diskriminati.  Ditingkat nasional, pemerintah Indonesia pada tahun 1974melakukan reformasi hukum keluarga berupa Undang Undang Perkawinan Nomor 1/1974 yang kemudian dilengkapi dengan Kompilasi Hukum Islam. Pada aturanfornal pemerintah itu, dapat ditemukan sejumlah normayang ambivalen. Di satu pihak pemerintah mengakuilegal capacity kaum perempuan, di satu pihak justru mengukuhkan peranan berdasarkan jenis kelamin (sexroles dan stereotype terhadap perempuan dan laki laki dengan membagi secara kaku, peran perempuan di sektor domestik dan peran laki-Iaki di sektor publik. Kata Kunci: Rekonstruksi, Gender, Kompilasi Hukum Islam   The family is the smallest unit of society. Setting theroles of men and women in the family have an impact onthe role and position in society. The formulation in theCompilation of Islamic Law which distinguish the roleof women and male-to be scrutinized. The division ofroles in the Compilation of Islamic Law very patriarchalin many cases tend to more or less inspired by the rulesahead of time that is diskriminati. At the national level,the Indonesian government in 1974 to reform familylaws such as the Marriage Law No. 1/1974 which wasthen fitted with Islamic Law Compilation. Fornal on therules of the government, can be found a number of normswere ambivalent. On the one hand it recognizes the legalcapacity of women, on the one hand it confirms the roleof gender (sex roles and stereotypes of women and menby dividing rigidly, the role of women in the domestiksector and the role of male-in the public

Parametri za procena na kvalitetot na polietilenska i na polipropilenska ambalaza i na gumeni zatvoraci nameneti za farmacevtski preparati

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Liljana Ugrinova

2002-03-01

Full Text Available Napraven e pregled na parametrite za procena na kvalitetot na polietilenska i na polipropilenska ambalaza i na gumeni zatvoraci nameneti za farmacevtski preparati. Za procena na kvalitetot na ispituvaniot materijal bea izvrseni fizicki, hemiski i bioloski ispituvanja spored postapkite dadeni vo Ph. Eur., DIN i spored DIN ISO standardite. Baranjata za kvalitet na ovoj vid ambalaza propisani spored Ph. Eur., DIN i DIN ISO standardite se razlikuvaat vo odnos na predvidenite parametri za fizicki, za hemiski i za bioloski ispituvanja. Isto taka, propisani se i razlicni granici na dozvoleno otstapuvanje na oddelni parametri.

Menjadi Lelaki Sejati: Maskulinitas Dalam Komik Daring Webtoon Indonesia

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Asep Wawan Jatnika

2018-03-01

Full Text Available Perkembangan teknologi telah mengubah cara penyebaran komik di Indonesia. Saat ini internet dan media sosial menjadi salah satu media utama penyebaran komik. Salah satu media yang menjadi pilihan tempat menyebarkan dan membaca komik adalah Webtoon. Tulisan ini bermaksud menganalisis wacana homoseksualitas dan maskulinitas yang terdapat dalam komik No Homo karya Apitnobaka yang diterbikan dalam Webtoon. Menggunakan pemahaman Foucault dan Bartkly tentang panoptikon dan gender hasil kajian menunjukkan bahwa pembicaraan masyarakat (gosip merupakan alat utama dalam pengonstruksian gender di masyarakat. Gosip berperan sebagai pengawas perilaku seperti apa yang boleh dilakukan laki-laki dan sebaliknya. Gosip berperan sebagai panoptikon dalam mengawasi pelanggengan konstruksi maskulinitas di masyarakat. Selain itu, ditemukan juga salah satu penanda maskulinitas ideal di masyarakat yaitu, laki-laki harus menjadi seorang alfa dan tidak bergantung pada orang lain. Jika seorang laki-laki tidak mampu memenuhi hal tersebut dirinya akan digolongkan bukan laki-laki ideal. Dalam komik No Homo dipandang memiliki orientasi seksual lain yaitu homoseksual yang dianggap tabu dalam masyarakat. Selain itu, komik No Homo merefleksikan dan melanggengkan anggapan bahwa orientasi seksual yang bukan hetero seperti homoseksual bukanlah berasal dari Indonesia. Hal itu dipandang sebagai bagian dari budaya Barat. Technological developments have changed the way in which comics are circulated and distributed throughout Indonesia. Currently the internet and social media have become the primary media for the distribution of comics. One of the media that has been chosen for circulation, distribution and consumption of comics is Webtoon. This paper intends to analyze discourse in subjects such as homosexuality and masculinity as can be observed in Apitnobaka's No Homo comic as published on Webtoon. Using Foucault's and Bartkly's understanding of the panopticon and the gender; this

Pengaruh Kualitas Kerja Terhadap Kinerja Bank BNI Syariah Cabang Bogor

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Barlian Wijaksono

2017-05-01

Full Text Available The purposes this research were analyzing the relationship between the characteristics of the employees and performance, analyzing the quality of the employee performance at Bank BNI Syariah Bogor, analyzing differences in the quality of the employee performance between male and female employees at Bank BNI Syariah Bogor, and as well as formulating the variables that can increase the quality of the performance of the employees of Bank BNI Syariah Bogor Branch. Based on the results in which the analysis used multiple linear regression, a conclusion can be taken from the study. The characteristics of the employees of BNI Syariah Bank which dominantly influences the performance include age range between 26–30 years, a university degree (S1, working year of 2–5 years, and frontliner position. Overall, the variables that affect the quality of the male and female employee performance of Bank BNI Syariah Bogor Branch include knowledge, working skill, behavior, and working experience. Based on the results, in terms of the quality the male employees, the variables that increase the performance quality at Bank BNI Syariah Bogor are only behavior and work experience, while for the female employees, there is no variable influencing the improvement of their performance quality in bank BNI Syariah Bogor. After conducting the testing on quality, the result shows that only male employees will increase their quality performance but only with variables of behavior and working experience.Keywords: gender, BNI Syariah, multiple linear regressions, quality of the employee, performanceABSTRAKTujuan dari penelitian ini yaitu menganalisis hubungan karakteristik karyawan dengan kinerja, menganalisis kualitas kinerja karyawan, menganalisis perbedaan kualitas kinerja karyawan antara gender laki-laki dengan perempuan, serta merumuskan variabel-variabel yang dapat meningkatkan kualitas kinerja karyawan Bank BNI Syariah Cabang Bogor. Penelitian ini menggunakan analisis

Gaya Hidup Minum Kopi Konsumen Di the Coffee Bean & Tea Leaf Plasa Tunjungan Surabaya

OpenAIRE

suisa, Kelvianto; febrilia, veronica; santoso, thomas

2014-01-01

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui gaya hidup minum kopi konsumen di The Coffee Bean & Tea Leaf Plasa Tunjungan Surabaya. Penelitian ini menggunakan analisis deskriptif kuantitatif terhadap 100 responden sebagai sampel. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa gaya hidup minum kopi konsumen di The Coffee Bean & Tea Leaf Plasa Tunjungan Surabaya didominasi oleh responden berjenis kelamin laki-laki, berusia 21-30 tahun, mempunyai pendidikan terakhir diploma/S1, berprofesi s...

Načrtovan porod na domu

OpenAIRE

Todorović, Tamara; Takač, Iztok

2017-01-01

Izhodišča: Porod na domu je sicer star toliko kot človeštvo, pa vendar v veliki večini srednje in visoko razvitih držav prevladuje mnenje, da so zaradi nepredvidljivosti zapletov porodnišnice najbolj varno okolje za rojevanje. Kljub temu obstaja peščica držav, v katerih je porod na domu integriran v sistem zdravstvenega varstva (npr. Nizozemska, Velika Britanija, Kanada). Pri porodih na domu ločimo nenačrtovane in načrtovane porode na domu, slednje pa lahko nadalje razdelimo še na porode s sp...

Pengenalan Doa-doa Pendek Melalui Video Animasi Untuk Anak Usia 3-4 Tahun

OpenAIRE

Muriana,; Marmawi R; Sutarmanto

2017-01-01

Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian tindakan kelas. Sedangkan media yang digunakan adalah video animasi. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui pengenalan doa-doa pendek melalui vodeo animasi untuk anak usia 3-4 tahun. Subjek dalam penelitian ini adalah anak yang berjumlah 10 orang, yang terdiri 3 anak laki-laki dan 7 anak perempuan. Lokasi penelitian ini adalah TPA Taman Pena Kabupaten Kubu Raya. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian yang telah dilakukan dan hasil analisis data, maka secara ...

PERAN GENDER PEREMPUAN TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN EKONOMI DI PROVINSI JAWA TENGAH TAHUN 2008-2012

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Frestiana Dyah Mulasari

2017-06-01

Full Text Available Kesenjangan antara perempuan dan laki-laki di Provinsi Jawa Tengah masih tinggi baik dalam bidang kesehatan, pendidikan, dan ketenagakerjaan. Semakin tumbuhnya perekonomian justru membuat kaum perempuan semakin terpinggirkan dan masuk semakin dalam pada kemiskinan. Oleh karena itu, perlu diteliti tentang peran gender perempuan terhadap pertumbuhan ekonomi di Jawa Tengah dilihat dari Angka Harapan Hidup Perempuan, Rata-rata Lama Sekolah Perempuan, dan Tingkat Partisipasi Angkatan Kerja Perempuan. Permasalahan dalam penelitian ini adalah bagaimana peran Gender Perempuan dilihat dari sisi kesehatan yaitu Angka Harapan Hidup Perempuan, Rata-rata Lama Sekolah Perempuan dari sisi pendidikan, dan Tingkat Partisipasi Angkatan Kerja Perempuan dari sisi ketenagakerjaan terhadap Pertumbuhan Ekonomi Di Provinsi Jawa Tengah Tahun 2008-2012. Metode pengumpulan data dalam penelitian ini adalah menggunakan metode dokumentasi dengan jenis data sekunder. Metode analisis data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah analisis statistik deskriptif.Kesimpulan yang dapat diambil dalam penelitian ini adalah peran perempuan dilihat dari angka harapan hidup perempuan memiliki nilai yang lebih baik dibandingkan laki-laki, rata-rata lama sekolah perempuan masih berada di bawah rata-rata lama sekolah laki-laki, tingkat partisipasi angkatan kerja perempuan masih di bawah tingkat partisipasi angkatan kerja laki-laki. Saran dalam penelitian ini adalah peningkatan dalam pendidikan perempuan, pendidikan dan kesehatan perempuan adalah dua hal yang saling berkaitan. Apabila perempuan pendidikannya baik maka kelak generasi penerus akan memiliki kualitas yang baik pula. Dalam ketenagakerjaan adalah dilakukan peninjauan kembali kebijakan yang membuat perempuan termarginalkan dalam dunia kerja.  Discrepancy between man and woman in Central Java which still high in health, education, and employment areas. The growing economy makes women increasingly marginalized in deeper poverty

Perilaku Kerja Guru Bimbingan Konseling Laki-Laki dan Perempuan Tingkat SLTA di Jakarta

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Esther Widhi Andangsari

2010-04-01

Full Text Available Article presented performance behaviour among high school teachers in Jakarta, especially in their roles as counsellor based on the government’s qualification and competences, especially in their empathy and persuasion. The research also wants to see the difference between male and female teachers’ behaviour as counsellor, so that the schools are more serious in selecting and developing their teacher counsellor. Using DISC assessment tool for 68 teachers, consisting of 14 male and 54 female teachers, it is indicated that 26,47% of them meet the government qualification, those are both empathy and persuasion qualifications. Empathy qualification is possessed by male and female teachers, even male teacher is more persuasive than male teacher who have dominant communication behaviour. In general, the research presents 13 behaviour styles.

ISLÂM, FEMINISME, DAN KONSEP KESETARAAN GENDER DALAM AL-QUR’ÂN

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Fadlan Fadlan

2012-02-01

Full Text Available Sejarah menunjukkan bahwa perempuan pada masa awal Islâm mendapat penghargaan tinggi. Islâm mengangkat harkat dan martabat perempuan dari posisi yang kurang beruntung pada zaman jahiliyah. Di dalam al-Qur’ân, persoalan kesetaraan laki-laki dan perempuan ditegaskan secara eksplisit. Meskipun demikian, masyarakat muslim secara umum tidak memandang laki-laki dan perempuan sebagai setara. Akar mendalam yang mendasari penolakan dalam masyarakat muslim adalah keyakinan bahwa perempuan adalah makhluk Allâh yang lebih rendah karena diciptakan dari tulang rusuk yang bengkok. Selain itu, perempuan dianggap sebagai makhluk yang kurang akalnya sehingga harus selalu berada dalam bimbingan laki-laki. Akibatnya, produk-produk pemikiran Islâm sering memosisikan perempuan sebagai subordinat. Kenyataan ini tentu sangat memprihatinkan, karena Islâm pada prinsipnya menjunjung tinggi kesetaraan dan tidak membedakan manusia berdasarkan jenis kelamin. Oleh karena itu, doktrin maupun pandangan yang mengatasnamakan agama yang sarat dengan praktik diskriminatif sudah selayaknya dikaji ulang, jika ingin Islâm tetap menjadi rahmat bagi seluruh alam.History proves that woman had been highly respected in the early of Islamic period. Islam promoted the woman’s dignity and prestige from being uncivilzed in the time of jahiliyah. Al-Qur’an has explicitly stated that man and woman equity. However, Muslim community does not apply the same view of man-woman equity as stated in the holy scipture. The community believes that Allah creates women differently from men; women are considered weaker since they are created from the rib of the men. Hence, men think that most women are illogical then they must be under the guidance of men.  As a result, the products of Islamic studies place women as the sub-ordianated creation. This is quite apprehensive. On the other hand, Islamic teaching actually holds up the gender equality, it does not differ people from its gender

HUBUNGAN IMT, RLPP DAN RIWAYAT DIABETES PADA KELUARGA DENGAN KADAR GULA DARAH SEWAKTU PADA PNS

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Hafifatul Auliya Rahmy

2015-03-01

Full Text Available Diabetes melitus (DM adalah penyakit metabolik dengan karakteristik hiperglikemia. DM dan komplikasinya menyebabkan sekitar 4% kematian dari seluruh total kematian di dunia dan 3% di Di Indonesia. Skrining melalui pemeriksaan kadar gula darah sangat diperlukan untuk mencegah DM. Penelitian ini bertujuan  mengetahui kadar gula darah dan hubungan indeks massa tubuh, rasio lingkar pinggang pinggul dan riwayat diabetes pada keluarga dengan kadar gula darah. Penelitian dilakukan dengan desain cross sectional pada PNS di Direktorat Jenderal Perimbangan Keuangan bulan Februari - April 2014. Jumlah sampel berdasarkan hasil perhitungan sampel sebanyak 147 responden yang dipilih secara random. Analisis yang digunakan meliputi analisis univariat dan bivariat (regresi linear sederhana dan ­t test independen. Rata-rata kadar gula darah yang didapatkan adalah 177,52±27,67 mg/dl, rata-rata IMT adalah 23,93±4,20 m/kg2 pada perempuan dan 26,23±4,07 m/kg2 pada laki-laki dan rasio lingkar pinggang pinggul adalah 0,87±0,06 pada perempuan dan 0,90±0,04 pada laki-laki. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan adanya hubungan yang signifikan antara indeks massa tubuh, rasio lingkar pinggang pinggul dan riwayat diabetes pada keluarga dengan kadar gula darah (p value < 0,05. Pencegahan DM dapat dilakukan dengan skrining khususnya pada kelompok berisiko dengan pemantauan status gizi.

Pembongkaran Eksistensi Tokoh Utama dalam Peeling Karya Peter Carey

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Eva Leiliyanti

2016-06-01

Full Text Available Tulisan ini bertujuan untuk membongkar pengonstruksian eksistensi tokoh utama perempuan yang dilakukan oleh narator yang sekaligus bertindak sebagai tokoh utama laki-laki dan sebaliknya. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode dekonstruksi Jacques Derrida, dengan cara menelusuri permainan sistem penandaan (signifying practices. Penelitian ini menemukan paradoks yang bersirkulasi dan berantai dalam signifying practices menunjukkan ketidakstabilan (kontradiksi makna yang mengindikasikan tidak hanya proses konstruksi monologis perempuan, hasrat erotis homoseksual terepresi tokoh utama laki-laki ataupun demitologisasi peran perempuan, tetapi juga cerita pendek bergenre dystopia ini (Peeling memperlihatkan kekaburan demarkasi makna yang disebabkan asimetris jaringan penanda/petanda dalam lapisan misteri eksistensi kedua tokoh utama tersebut. Kata-Kata Kunci: eksistensi, dekonstruksi, signifying practices, kekaburan demarkasi. Abstract: This paper aims to deconstruct the existence of a main female character conducted by the male narrator agent and vice versa. This research employed Derrida’s deconstruction method by way of tracing the signifying practices in Peeling. It is found that the paradox circulates and intertwines in the signifying practices demonstrating the instability (contradiction of meanings that indicates not only the monologic construction of woman, repressed homo-erotic desire of the main male character, demythologisation of women’s roles, but also that this dystopian short story shows the obscure demarcation of meaning due to the asymmetrical web of signifier/signified in the mystery of existence of both main characters. Key Words: existence, deconstruction, signifying practices, obscure demarcation

DISTROFI MUSKULAR DUCHENNE

OpenAIRE

Iskandar Syarif; Widiasteti Widiasteti

2009-01-01

AbstrakAnak laki-laki umur 10 tahun 9 bulan dirawat di bangsal anak RSUP Dr. M. Djamil Padang dengan keluhan sukar berdiri sejak 2 tahun yang lalu. Riwayat penyakit sekarang adalah pasien sering kram otot betis dan jika mau berdiri, berjongkok terlebih dahulu, kedua tangan bertumpu pada kedua lutut (manuver Gowers) sejak usia 3 tahun. Pasien sering jatuh ketika berjalan sejak usia 5 tahun dan dada mulai tampak membusung ke depan. Sejak usia 8 tahun harus di bantu untuk berdiri dan berjalan de...

Kelompok Sebaya dan Perilaku Makan Menyimpang Remaja SMA di Jakarta

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Rizky Ibrahim Isra

2017-02-01

Full Text Available                                                                          AbstrakTulisan ini membahas hubungan tekanan kelompok sebaya (peer group terhadap gejala perilaku makan menyimpang pada remaja SMA di Jakarta. Banyak studi lain yang mengkaji hal serupa, namun kajian yang membahas permasalahan perilaku makan menyimpang secara sosiologis masih sangat minim. Ketika studi lain hanya memfokuskan pada jenis kelamin perempuan saja, dalam tulisan ini jenis kelamin (laki-laki dan perempuan digunakan sebagai variabel kontrol. Studi sebelumnya yang hanya berfokus pada perempuan memiliki kelemahan karena kelompok sebaya tidak hanya memengaruhi perilaku remaja perempuan, tetapi juga memengaruhi laki-laki. Oleh karena itu, penulis berargumen bahwa kelompok sebaya dapat memengaruhi munculnya gejala perilaku makan menyimpang pada remaja SMA di Jakarta, baik pada laki-laki maupun perempuan. Tulisan ini merupakan hasil studi yang menggunakan metode kuantitatif dengan teknik pengambilan sampel secara acak bertingkat (stratified random sampling sebanyak 235 siswa salah satu SMA negeri di Jakarta. Tulisan ini mengungkapkan bahwa terdapat hubungan antara tekanan kelompok sebaya terhadap gejala perilaku makan menyimpang pada remaja SMA di Jakarta, di mana laki-laki lebih terpengaruh oleh pesan (message dari kelompok sebayanya, sedangkan perempuan lebih kuat terpengaruh oleh interaksi dan likeability.                                                                      AbstractThis article discusses the correlation between peer group pressure and eating disorder behavior symptoms in Jakarta Senior High School students. Many of studies talk about it, but the discussion about eating disorder behavior on sociology was rarely found. In this article, gender was used as a control variable while many of studies only focused on the

Omavalvontasuunnitelma lähiöpubiin : Omavalvontasuunnitelman uusiminen ja kehittäminen Pub Nattarin Yläbaariin

OpenAIRE

Muurimäki, Marja

2010-01-01

Työn tarkoituksena oli laatia uusi omavalvontasuunnitelma Pub Nattarin Yläbaariin. Omavalvonta on ollut lakisääteistä vuodesta 1995 lähtien, jolloin Suomen liityttyä Euroopan unioniin elintarvikehygieniadirektiivin määräys omavalvonnasta sisällytettiin lainsäädäntöön. Laki edellyttää, että omavalvontasuunnitelma tulee löytyä kirjallisena omavalvontasuunnitelmana, jossa elinkeinonharjoittaja on selvittänyt tuotteidensa käsittelyyn liittyvät riskikohdat ja sen, miten ne saadaan mahdollisimman p...

KEKUATAN LAKI-LAKI “DI BAWAH KETIAK PEREMPUAN”: MEMBANGUN PERSPEKTIF GENDER DI SUMATERA BARAT

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Reza Fahmi

2013-01-01

Full Text Available The Minangs are the world's largest matrilineal society; properties such as land and houses are inherited through female lineage. Some scholars argue that this might have caused the diaspora (Minangkabau, "merantau" of Minangkabau males throughout the Maritime. The native Minangkabaus agreed that this matrilineal culture is indeed the result of (not the reason for diaspora. Theoriticaly male have a lot of power. They had responsible to protect their fanily wealth as one example.  But unfortunoutly, their possition in“underarm of women”. All kinds of dicission should be get confirm from the women (“so-called”: Bundo Kandung. It means that we should re-thinking about gender perspective in Minangkabau community, because female dominate the power. Keywords : Minangkabau People, Matriarchy, Gender RelationCopyright © 2013 by Kafa`ah All right reservedDOI : 10.15548/jk.v3i1.72

Identifikasi Carrier Bakteri Streptococcus β hemolyticus Group A pada Murid SD Negeri 13 Padang Berdasarkan Perbedaan Umur dan Jenis Kelamin

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Fadhila Aini

2016-01-01

Full Text Available AbstrakStreptococcus β hemolyticus Grup A atau yang disebut juga Streptococcus pyogenes merupakan salah satu bakteri patogen yang banyak menginfeksi manusia.Bakteri ini dapat ditemukan sebagai carrier di saluran pernafasan terutama pada anak-anak, tidak menimbulkan penyakit tetapi berisiko untuk menyebarkan penyakit. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah menentukan jumlah carrier  bakteri Streptococcus β hemolyticus Grup A pada murid berdasarkan perbedaan umur dan jenis kelamin. Jenis penelitian ini adalah deskriptif cross-sectional dengan menggunakan sampel seluruh murid SD Negeri 13 Padang. Hasil penelitian adalah didapatkan 2 orang murid yang menderita carrier, yaitu pada kelompok usia>8-9 tahun dan >11 tahun. Berdasarkan jenis kelamin yang terdiri dari 54 orang laki-laki dan 50 orang perempuan, didapatkan 2 orang carrier yaitu hanya pada anak laki-laki. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa carrier bakteri Streptococcus β hemolyticus Group  A terdapat pada anak usia tersebut karena masih kurangnya pengetahuan tentang kebersihan. Carrier yang ditemukan hanya pada anak laki-laki kemungkinan disebabkan mereka lebih sering bermain di luar rumah dan terpapar dengan berbagai bakteri patogen dan kurang memperhatikan kebersihan diri.Kata kunci: carrier, streptococcus β hemolyticus grup A, umur, jenis kelamin AbstractGroup A Streptococcus β hemolyticus or also called Streptococcus pyogenes is one of many pathogenic bacteria that infect humans. These bacteria can be found as a carrier in the respiratory tract especially in children, do not cause disease but can be a risk for spreading the disease. This objective of this study was to determine the amount of the carrier of bacteria group A Streptococcus β hemolyticus based on age and gender differences. This research is a descriptive cross - sectional study using a sample of all students of SD Negeri 13 Padang. Based on the age of 104 students found that students who suffer 2 carrier, which is in the age

Kebutuhan Masyarakat Desa Tebat Gabus Kecamatan Kisam Tinggi Kabupaten OKU Selatan Terhadap Program Pengendalian Malaria

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Maya Arisanti

2015-09-01

Full Text Available Ogan Komering Ulu Selatan (OKUS merupakan salah satu daerah endemis malaria di ProvinsiSumatera Selatan dengan Annual Malaria Incidence (AMI yang mengalami perubahan flktuatif,dimana pada tahun 2007 sebesar 6,50/00 meningkat menjadi 8,700/00 di tahun 2008. Desa Tebat Gabusmerupakan salah satu daerah endemis malaria di Kabupaten OKUS dengan AMI 2011 sebesar231,890/00. Program pemberantasan malaria sudah dijalankan di Indonesia sejak tahun 2000 yaitukegiatan penemuan dan pengobatan penderita, perluasan cakupan pengobatan, pemberantasanvektor, gebrak malaria, penyuluhan, kerja sama lintas sektor dan pengamatan vektor. Hasil penelitian diwilayah kerja Puskesmas Tenang Kecamatan Kisam Tinggi Kabupaten OKUS tahun 2009 menyatakanbahwa pengetahuan masyarakat masih rendah (61,5% dan sebanyak 97,8% masyarakat belum pernahmendapatkan penyuluhan kesehatan tentang malaria. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahuikebutuhan masyarakat dalam program pengendalian malaria. Pengumpulan data dilakukan selama 5bulan tahun 2012 dengan menggunakan metode pengumpulan data Focus Group Discussion (FGD.Informan FGD terdiri dari 4 kelompok masyarakat:i. kelompok wanita dengan pendidikan SMP kebawah, ii. kelompok wanita dengan pendidikan SMA ke atas, iii kelompok laki-laki dengan pendidikanSMP ke bawah dan iv. kelompok laki-laki dengan pendidikan SMA ke atas yang memenuhi kriteria inklusidan eksklusi. Data yang diperoleh dianalisis dengan menggunakan analisis konten. Hasil penelitianmenunjukkan bahwa kebutuhan masyarakat terhadap program pengendalian malaria berupa edukasikesehatan, kemudahan memperoleh pengobatan malaria dan pemeriksaan darah untuk diagnosismalaria serta pembagian kelambu berinsektisida dan penyemprotan insektisida di dinding rumah untuktindakan pencegahan.

Na+-stimulated ATPase of alkaliphilic halotolerant cyanobacterium Aphanothece halophytica translocates Na+ into proteoliposomes via Na+ uniport mechanism

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Soontharapirakkul Kanteera

2010-08-01

Full Text Available Abstract Background When cells are exposed to high salinity conditions, they develop a mechanism to extrude excess Na+ from cells to maintain the cytoplasmic Na+ concentration. Until now, the ATPase involved in Na+ transport in cyanobacteria has not been characterized. Here, the characterization of ATPase and its role in Na+ transport of alkaliphilic halotolerant Aphanothece halophytica were investigated to understand the survival mechanism of A. halophytica under high salinity conditions. Results The purified enzyme catalyzed the hydrolysis of ATP in the presence of Na+ but not K+, Li+ and Ca2+. The apparent Km values for Na+ and ATP were 2.0 and 1.2 mM, respectively. The enzyme is likely the F1F0-ATPase based on the usual subunit pattern and the protection against N,N'-dicyclohexylcarbodiimide inhibition of ATPase activity by Na+ in a pH-dependent manner. Proteoliposomes reconstituted with the purified enzyme could take up Na+ upon the addition of ATP. The apparent Km values for this uptake were 3.3 and 0.5 mM for Na+ and ATP, respectively. The mechanism of Na+ transport mediated by Na+-stimulated ATPase in A. halophytica was revealed. Using acridine orange as a probe, alkalization of the lumen of proteoliposomes reconstituted with Na+-stimulated ATPase was observed upon the addition of ATP with Na+ but not with K+, Li+ and Ca2+. The Na+- and ATP-dependent alkalization of the proteoliposome lumen was stimulated by carbonyl cyanide m - chlorophenylhydrazone (CCCP but was inhibited by a permeant anion nitrate. The proteoliposomes showed both ATPase activity and ATP-dependent Na+ uptake activity. The uptake of Na+ was enhanced by CCCP and nitrate. On the other hand, both CCCP and nitrate were shown to dissipate the preformed electric potential generated by Na+-stimulated ATPase of the proteoliposomes. Conclusion The data demonstrate that Na+-stimulated ATPase from A. halophytica, a likely member of F-type ATPase, functions as an electrogenic Na

Polarization dependence of Na* + Na* associative ionization revisited

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Meijer, H.A.J.; Meulen, H.P. v.d.; Morgenstern, R.; Hertel, I.V.; Meyer, E.; Witte, R.

1986-01-01

The dependence of the associative ionization process Na 3 2P3/2 + Na 3 2P3/2 → Na2+ + e- on the polarization of the laser light used for Na excitation was independently investigated in Utrecht and Berlin. The purpose of this paper is to clarify discrepancies between two other earlier experimental

Pseudo-ternary phase diagram in the Na2O-Na2O2-NaOH system

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Saito, Jun-ichi; Tendo, Masayuki; Aoto, Kazumi

1997-10-01

Generally, the phase diagrams are always used to understand the present state of compounds at certain temperature. In order to understand the corrosion behavior of structural material for FBR by main sodium compounds (Na 2 O, Na 2 O 2 and NaOH), it is very important to comprehend the phase diagrams of their compounds. However, only Na 2 O-NaOH pseudo-binary phase diagram had been investigated previously in this system. There is no study of other pseudo-binary or ternary phase diagrams in the Na 2 O-Na 2 O 2 -NaOH system. In this study, in order to clarify the present states of their compounds at certain temperatures, the pseudo-binary and ternary phase diagrams in the Na 2 O-Na 2 O 2 -NaOH system were prepared. A series of thermal analyses with binary and ternary component system has been carried out using the differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). The liquidus temperature and ternary eutectic temperatures were confirmed by these measurements. The beneficial indications for constructing phase diagrams were obtained from these experiments. On the basis of these results, the interaction parameters between compounds which were utilized for the Thermo-Calc calculation were optimized. Thermo-Calc is one of thermodynamic calculation software. Consequently the accurate pseudo-binary and ternary phase diagrams were indicated using the optimized parameters. (author)

Extracellular Na+ levels regulate formation and activity of the NaX/alpha1-Na+/K+-ATPase complex in neuronal cells.

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Emmanuelle eBerret

2014-12-01

Full Text Available MnPO neurons play a critical role in hydromineral homeostasis regulation by acting as sensors of extracellular sodium concentration ([Na+]out. The mechanism underlying Na+-sensing involves Na+-flow through the NaX channel, directly regulated by the Na+/K+-ATPase α1-isoform which controls Na+-influx by modulating channel permeability. Together, these two partners form a complex involved in the regulation of intracellular sodium ([Na+]in. Here we aim to determine whether environmental changes in Na+ could actively modulate the NaX/Na+/K+-ATPase complex activity.We investigated the complex activity using patch-clamp recordings from rat MnPO neurons and Neuro2a cells. When the rats were fed with a high-salt-diet, or the [Na+] in the culture medium was increased, the activity of the complex was up-regulated. In contrast, drop in environmental [Na+] decreased the activity of the complex. Interestingly under hypernatremic condition, the colocalization rate and protein level of both partners were up-regulated. Under hyponatremic condition, only NaX protein expression was increased and the level of NaX/Na+/K+-ATPase remained unaltered. This unbalance between NaX and Na+/K+-ATPase pump proportion would induce a bigger portion of Na+/K+-ATPase-control-free NaX channel. Thus we suggest that hypernatremic environment increases NaX/Na+/K+-ATPase α1-isoform activity by increasing the number of both partners and their colocalization rate, whereas hyponatremic environment down-regulates complex activity via a decrease in the relative number of NaX channels controlled by the pump.

A Study of the Distribution of Sodium Cations in the Zeolites NaX, NaY and ZnNaY Using Carbon Monoxide Adsorption and 23Na NMR Techniques

Science.gov (United States)

Seidel, A.; Boddenberg, B.

1995-03-01

The zeolites NaX, NaY, Zn(55)NaY, and Zn(74)NaY were investigated by means of carbon monoxide adsorption and with static and magic angle spinning (MAS) 23Na NMR spectroscopy. The Na+ distribution between the sodalite (ß)- and supercages of the fully hydrated zeolites NaX and NaY were found to agree with XRD results. In the hydrated zinc-exchanged zeolites the Na+ ions almost exclusively populate the ß-cages. The adsorption isotherms of CO in the dehydrated zeolites were analyzed quantitatively to yield the concentrations of Na+ residing in the supercages. The measured static and MAS 23Na NMR spectra were analyzed by comparing their widths and shapes with simulated central transition patterns and yield, inter alia, the concentrations of Na+ associated with the spectrum components. Arguments are put forward that 23Na NMR of dehydrated zeolites is well suited to distinguish Na+ cations in highly symmetric environments and mobile Na+ species from others located on general positions, but further resolution is hardly feasible.

HCO3(-)-coupled Na+ influx is a major determinant of Na+ turnover and Na+/K+ pump activity in rat hepatocytes

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Fitz, J.G.; Lidofsky, S.D.; Weisiger, R.A.; Xie, M.H.; Cochran, M.; Grotmol, T.; Scharschmidt, B.F.

1991-01-01

Recent studies in hepatocytes indicate that Na(+)-coupled HCO3- transport contributes importantly to regulation of intracellular pH and membrane HCO3- transport. However, the direction of net coupled Na+ and HCO3- movement and the effect of HCO3- on Na+ turnover and Na+/K+ pump activity are not known. In these studies, the effect of HCO3- on Na+ influx and turnover were measured in primary rat hepatocyte cultures with 22Na+, and [Na+]i was measured in single hepatocytes using the Na(+)-sensitive fluorochrome SBFI. Na+/K+ pump activity was measured in intact perfused rat liver and hepatocyte monolayers as Na(+)-dependent or ouabain-suppressible 86Rb uptake, and was measured in single hepatocytes as the effect of transient pump inhibition by removal of extracellular K+ on membrane potential difference (PD) and [Na+]i. In hepatocyte monolayers, HCO3- increased 22Na+ entry and turnover rates by 50-65%, without measurably altering 22Na+ pool size or cell volume, and HCO3- also increased Na+/K+ pump activity by 70%. In single cells, exposure to HCO3- produced an abrupt and sustained rise in [Na+]i from approximately 8 to 12 mM. Na+/K+ pump activity assessed in single cells by PD excursions during transient K+ removal increased congruent to 2.5-fold in the presence of HCO3-, and the rise in [Na+]i produced by inhibition of the Na+/K+ pump was similarly increased congruent to 2.5-fold in the presence of HCO3-. In intact perfused rat liver, HCO3- increased both Na+/K+ pump activity and O2 consumption. These findings indicate that, in hepatocytes, net coupled Na+ and HCO3- movement is inward and represents a major determinant of Na+ influx and Na+/K+ pump activity. About half of hepatic Na+/K+ pump activity appears dedicated to recycling Na+ entering in conjunction with HCO3- to maintain [Na+]i within the physiologic range

The effect of Na vapor on the Na content of chondrules

Science.gov (United States)

Lewis, R. Dean; Lofgren, Gary E.; Franzen, Hugo F.; Windom, Kenneth E.

1993-01-01

Chondrules contain higher concentrations of volatiles (Na) than expected for melt droplets in the solar nebula. Recent studies have proposed that chondrules may have formed under non-canonical nebular conditions such as in particle/gas-rich clumps. Such chondrule formation areas may have contained significant Na vapor. To test the hypothesis of whether a Na-rich vapor would minimize Na volatilization reaction rates in a chondrule analog and maintain the Na value of the melt, experiments were designed where a Na-rich vapor could be maintained around the sample. A starting material with a melting point lower that typical chondrules was required to keep the logistics of working with Na volatilization from NaCl within the realm of feasibility. The Knippa basalt, a MgO-rich alkali olivine basalt with a melting temperature of 1325 +/- 5 C and a Na2O content of 3.05 wt%, was used as the chondrule analog. Experiments were conducted in a 1 atm, gas-mixing furnace with the fO2 controlled by a CO/CO2 gas mixture and fixed at the I-W buffer curve. To determine the extent of Na loss from the sample, initial experiments were conducted at high temperatures (1300 C - 1350 C) for duration of up to 72 h without a Na-rich vapor present. Almost all (up to 98%) Na was volatilized in runs of 72 h. Subsequent trials were conducted at 1330 C for 16 h in the presence of a Na-rich vapor, supplied by a NaCl-filled crucible placed in the bottom of the furnace. Succeeding Knudsen cell weight-loss mass-spectrometry analysis of NaCl determined the P(sub Na) for these experimental conditions to be in the 10(exp -6) atm range. This value is considered high for nebula conditions but is still plausible for non-canonical environments. In these trials the Na2O content of the glass was maintained or in some cases increased; Na2O values ranged from 2.62% wt to 4.37% wt. The Na content of chondrules may be controlled by the Na vapor pressure in the chondrule formation region. Most heating events capable

Na/K pump inactivation, subsarcolemmal Na measurements, and cytoplasmic ion turnover kinetics contradict restricted Na spaces in murine cardiac myocytes.

Science.gov (United States)

Lu, Fang-Min; Hilgemann, Donald W

2017-07-03

Decades ago, it was proposed that Na transport in cardiac myocytes is modulated by large changes in cytoplasmic Na concentration within restricted subsarcolemmal spaces. Here, we probe this hypothesis for Na/K pumps by generating constitutive transsarcolemmal Na flux with the Na channel opener veratridine in whole-cell patch-clamp recordings. Using 25 mM Na in the patch pipette, pump currents decay strongly during continuous activation by extracellular K (τ, ∼2 s). In contradiction to depletion hypotheses, the decay becomes stronger when pump currents are decreased by hyperpolarization. Na channel currents are nearly unchanged by pump activity in these conditions, and conversely, continuous Na currents up to 0.5 nA in magnitude have negligible effects on pump currents. These outcomes are even more pronounced using 50 mM Li as a cytoplasmic Na congener. Thus, the Na/K pump current decay reflects mostly an inactivation mechanism that immobilizes Na/K pump charge movements, not cytoplasmic Na depletion. When channel currents are increased beyond 1 nA, models with unrestricted subsarcolemmal diffusion accurately predict current decay (τ ∼15 s) and reversal potential shifts observed for Na, Li, and K currents through Na channels opened by veratridine, as well as for Na, K, Cs, Li, and Cl currents recorded in nystatin-permeabilized myocytes. Ion concentrations in the pipette tip (i.e., access conductance) track without appreciable delay the current changes caused by sarcolemmal ion flux. Importantly, cytoplasmic mixing volumes, calculated from current decay kinetics, increase and decrease as expected with osmolarity changes (τ >30 s). Na/K pump current run-down over 20 min reflects a failure of pumps to recover from inactivation. Simulations reveal that pump inactivation coupled with Na-activated recovery enhances the rapidity and effectivity of Na homeostasis in cardiac myocytes. In conclusion, an autoregulatory mechanism enhances cardiac Na/K pump activity when

HEMATOMA AURIKULA

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Sari Indah

2014-12-01

Full Text Available Hematoma aurikula merupakan sekuele yang terjadi akibat trauma langsung pada daun telingayang menyebabkan penimbunan darah dalam ruang antara perikondrium dan kartilago yang biasanyaditemukan pada pegulat atau petinju. Keterlambatan diagnosis serta penanganan dapat menimbulkankomplikasi dimana salah satunya adalah telinga kembang kol atau cauliflower ear. Penatalaksanaanhematoma aurikula cukup bervariasi, namun tujuan utama pengobatan tersebut adalah mengevakuasidarah subperikondrial, mencegah kekambuhan, dan mencegah terjadinya infeksi. Dilaporkan satukasus hematoma aurikula pada seorang laki-laki dewasa berusia 68 tahun di Rumah Sakit UmumPusat ( RSUP  Sanglah-Denpasar yang telah dilakukan penanganan aspirasi serta bebat tekanmenggunakan teknik bolster yang memberikan hasil yang baik.

STATUS ZINC PADA LANSIA LAKI-LAKI YANG ANEMIA DAN TIDAK ANEMIA DI DESA DAN KOTA

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Yuniar Rosmalina

2014-09-01

Full Text Available ZINC STATUS OF ANEMIC AND NON-ANEMIC MALE ELDERLY IN RURAL AND URBAN AREAS The elderly peoples are prone to micronutrients deficiency such as zinc. The impact of low intake of zinc is impaired functions of wound healing, immunity and taste and smell. The article presents the zinc state of elderly people with or without anemia. The age of subjects was 60 – 75 years. physically and clinically healthy, and agreed to participate in this study. Data collection including anthropometric measurements (body weight, height, mid-upper circumference, zinc, and Hb. Body Mass Index was calculated using ratio body weight to height. Hemoglobin level was analyzed using cyanmethemoglobin method and serum zinc was analyzed using Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer method. The average Body weight, height and MUAC of urban elderly were statistically higher compared to rural elderly. The proportion of anemic among elderly in rural was 29.0 percent and 15.7 percent in urban. Serum zinc level showed that the proportion of elderly who have low serum zinc level was higher in rural compared to urban area (76.0% vs 54.9%. Out of 54 elderly whose anemic 87.1 percent have serum zinc level below 70 mg/L, while in urban area out of 64 anemic elderly 68.8 % have serum zinc level below 70 mg/L.The proportion of elderly who have suffered anemia and have low serum level were higher in rural compared to urban area. Keywords: anemia, zinc, elderly

Perbedaan perilaku agresi antara siswa laki-laki dan siswa perempuan di SMPN 1 Kasreman Ngawi

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Arih Merdekasari

2017-06-01

Full Text Available This study aims to examine differences in aggressive behavior among male students and female students at the Junior High School 1 Kasreman. The method of research is a scientific activity carried out in stages to achieve research objectives. The research used is descriptive survey research. The study population is students aged 12-15 years (early adolescent phase at the Junior High School 1 Kasreman. The sampling technique used purposive random sampling technique. Characteristics of the study sample are students aged 12-15 years in junior high school 1 Kasreman as many as 104 students. A statistical significance level of the test uses the hypothesis test in both directions. Hypothesis test shows the value of aggressive behavior (sig = 0.018, it can be seen that the p-value of <0.05, so it can be concluded that hypothesis was accepted. There are differences in the level of aggressive behavior among girls and boys.

ADJECTIVE CHECK LIST PENGUNGKAP STEREOTIP LAKI-LAKI DAN PEREMPUAN MENURUT PERSEPSI MAHASISWA DARI SEPULUH ETNIS

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Wening Sahayu

2013-01-01

Sunda, Bali, Madura, Lombok, Batak, Minangkabau, Aceh, dan Betawi. The survey employed a questionnaire with fifty adjectives representing characters referring to the study by Best and William. The data were descriptively analyzed using tabulation and percentage. The findings are as follows. First, students from each ethnic group have a variety of perceptions regarding male and female stereotypes agreed upon. Second, there are a number of male and female stereotypes agreed upon by students from all ethnic groups. Third, the male stereotypes relevant to the study by Best and Williams are strength, dominance, autonomy, and aggression. The female stereotypes relevant to both studies are passiveness, weakness, and abasement.

Na+/Ca2+ exchange and Na+/K+-ATPase in the heart

Science.gov (United States)

Shattock, Michael J; Ottolia, Michela; Bers, Donald M; Blaustein, Mordecai P; Boguslavskyi, Andrii; Bossuyt, Julie; Bridge, John H B; Chen-Izu, Ye; Clancy, Colleen E; Edwards, Andrew; Goldhaber, Joshua; Kaplan, Jack; Lingrel, Jerry B; Pavlovic, Davor; Philipson, Kenneth; Sipido, Karin R; Xie, Zi-Jian

2015-01-01

This paper is the third in a series of reviews published in this issue resulting from the University of California Davis Cardiovascular Symposium 2014: Systems approach to understanding cardiac excitation–contraction coupling and arrhythmias: Na+ channel and Na+ transport. The goal of the symposium was to bring together experts in the field to discuss points of consensus and controversy on the topic of sodium in the heart. The present review focuses on cardiac Na+/Ca2+ exchange (NCX) and Na+/K+-ATPase (NKA). While the relevance of Ca2+ homeostasis in cardiac function has been extensively investigated, the role of Na+ regulation in shaping heart function is often overlooked. Small changes in the cytoplasmic Na+ content have multiple effects on the heart by influencing intracellular Ca2+ and pH levels thereby modulating heart contractility. Therefore it is essential for heart cells to maintain Na+ homeostasis. Among the proteins that accomplish this task are the Na+/Ca2+ exchanger (NCX) and the Na+/K+ pump (NKA). By transporting three Na+ ions into the cytoplasm in exchange for one Ca2+ moved out, NCX is one of the main Na+ influx mechanisms in cardiomyocytes. Acting in the opposite direction, NKA moves Na+ ions from the cytoplasm to the extracellular space against their gradient by utilizing the energy released from ATP hydrolysis. A fine balance between these two processes controls the net amount of intracellular Na+ and aberrations in either of these two systems can have a large impact on cardiac contractility. Due to the relevant role of these two proteins in Na+ homeostasis, the emphasis of this review is on recent developments regarding the cardiac Na+/Ca2+ exchanger (NCX1) and Na+/K+ pump and the controversies that still persist in the field. PMID:25772291

Altered Na+ transport after an intracellular alpha-subunit deletion reveals strict external sequential release of Na+ from the Na/K pump.

Science.gov (United States)

Yaragatupalli, Siddhartha; Olivera, J Fernando; Gatto, Craig; Artigas, Pablo

2009-09-08

The Na/K pump actively exports 3 Na(+) in exchange for 2 K(+) across the plasmalemma of animal cells. As in other P-type ATPases, pump function is more effective when the relative affinity for transported ions is altered as the ion binding sites alternate between opposite sides of the membrane. Deletion of the five C-terminal residues from the alpha-subunit diminishes internal Na(+) (Na(i)(+)) affinity approximately 25-fold [Morth et al. (2007) Nature 450:1043-1049]. Because external Na(+) (Na(o)(+)) binding is voltage-dependent, we studied the reactions involving this process by using two-electrode and inside-out patch voltage clamp in normal and truncated (DeltaKESYY) Xenopus-alpha1 pumps expressed in oocytes. We observed that DeltaKESYY (i) decreased both Na(o)(+) and Na(i)(+) apparent affinities in the absence of K(o)(+), and (ii) did not affect apparent Na(o)(+) affinity at high K(o)(+). These results support a model of strict sequential external release of Na(+) ions, where the Na(+)-exclusive site releases Na(+) before the sites shared with K(+) and the DeltaKESYY deletion only reduces Na(o)(+) affinity at the shared sites. Moreover, at nonsaturating K(o)(+), DeltaKESYY induced an inward flow of Na(+) through Na/K pumps at negative potentials. Guanidinium(+) can also permeate truncated pumps, whereas N-methyl-D-glucamine cannot. Because guanidinium(o)(+) can also traverse normal Na/K pumps in the absence of both Na(o)(+) and K(o)(+) and can also inhibit Na/K pump currents in a Na(+)-like voltage-dependent manner, we conclude that the normal pathway transited by the first externally released Na(+) is large enough to accommodate guanidinium(+).

Metoda ispitivanja kompatibilnosti sredstava lične NHB zaštite / Method of testing compatibility of personal NBC protection devices

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Dušan Rajić

2009-07-01

Full Text Available Na primeru izabranih sredstava lične NHB zaštite demonstrirana je primena metode procene kompatibilnosti, kao vrlo bitne taktičko-tehničke karakteristike za svako novouvedeno sredstvo naoružanja i vojne opreme (NVO u Vojsci Srbije. Utvrđeno je da zaštitno filtrirajuće odelo, zaštitni laki ogrtač i zaštitne rukavice ispunjavaju postavljene kriterijume kompatibilnosti. Opisana metoda provere kompatibilnosti može da se primenjuje i na druga sredstva NVO u fazama razvoja, proizvodnje i eksploatacije. / The selected personal NBC protection devices have served as an example for demonstrating the application of the compatibility evaluation method as a very important tactical-technical characteristic of each newly introduced item of weapon and military equipment in the Serbian army. It has been determined that a filtering protective suit, a light protective coat and protective gloves meet the required criteria of compatibility. The described method of testing compatibility can be also applied to other weapons and military equipment in stages of development, production and exploitation.

Active transport of Na+ by reconstituted Na,K-ATPase

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Boldyrev, A.A.; Svinukhova, I.A.

1987-01-01

The ability of ATP, CTP, ITP, GTP, and UTP to support ouabain-sensitive accumulation of Na + by proteoliposomes with a reconstituted Na/K-pump was investigated. At a low [Na + ]/[K + ] ratio in the medium (20 mM/50 mM), a correlation is observed between the proton-accepting capacity of the nucleotide and its effectiveness as a substrate of active transport. To test the hypothesis of the importance of the presence of a negative charge in the 1-position of the purine (3-pyrimidine) base of the nucleotide for mutual transitions between the Na- and K-conformations of Na,K-ATPase they used two analogs of ATP: N 1 -hydroxy-ATP, possessing proton acceptor capacity, and N 1 -methoxy-ATP, in the molecule of which the negative charge is quenched by a methyl group. The first substrate supports active accumulation of Na + in proteoliposomes at the same rate as ATP, whereas the second substrate is relatively ineffective

Investigation on U - O - Na, Pu - O - Na and U,Pu - O - Na phase diagrams

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Pillon, S.

1989-03-01

The thermochemical interaction between the nuclear fuel (uranium and plutonium mixed oxides) and the sodium has been investigated and particularly the three phase diagrams: U - O - Na; Pu - O - Na; U,Pu - O - Na. High temperature neutron diffraction, microcalorimetry and powder X-ray diffraction were used for the characterization of the compounds synthetized. This study allowed to complete the knowledge about each of these diagrams and to measure some physical and thermal properties on the compounds. The limits on the modelization of the fuel-sodium interaction are discussed from the results of the UO 2 - Na reaction [fr

Measurement of exchangeable sodium: 22Na or 24Na

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Smith, T.; Edmonds, C.J.

1987-01-01

A case is made for the use of 22 Na in low activities in preference to 24 Na for routine diagnostic estimation of exchangeable sodium, and is based chiefly on considerations of availability, cost and radiation dosimetry. A method in which only 37 kBq (1 μCi) 22 Na is administered orally is shown to be sufficiently accurate and to possess distinct advantages in terms of cost and convenience with a committed radiation dose no greater than that for a measurement using 24 Na. (author)

Attachment of Late Adolescent to Mother, Father, and Peer, with Family Structure as Moderating Variable and their Relationships with Self-esteem

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- Laumi

2013-12-01

Full Text Available Harga diri diidentifikasikan sebagai parameter psikologi penting bagi perkembangan remaja. Sejumlah penelitian mendapatkan hasil-hasil yang tidak konsisten terhadap perkembangan harga diri remaja.. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mempertajam titik-titik temu dari penelitian-peneli¬tian sebelumnya terhadap kelekatan remaja kepada ibu, ayah, dan teman sebaya dengan struktur keluarga sebagai variabel moderator dan hubungannya dengan harga diri. Subjek penelitian adalah siswa-siswi kelas XI dan XII SMKN “X” dan SMKN “Y” di Yogyakarta. Tiga puluh tujuh subjek dari keluarga utuh dan 41 subjek dari keluarga dengan orangtua tunggal sebagai akibat perceraian atau perpisahan. Regresi ganda berjenjang dan Moderating Regression Analysis digunakan dalam menganalisa hubungan antara kelekatan dengan harga diri dengan mempertimbangkan struktur keluarga sebagai variabel moderator.Hasil penelitian menemukan bahwa kelekatan kepada ibu, ayah, dan teman sebaya secara signifikan memprediksi harga diri. Temuan dari penelitian ini menun¬juk¬kan bahwa kelekatan kepada ayah dan teman sebaya menjadi prediktor yang lebih kuat dibanding dengan kelekatan kepada ibu terhadap harga diri remaja. Analisis lebih lanjut menun¬juk¬kan bahwa struktur keluarga tidak mempengaruhi hubungan antara kelekatan kepada ibu dan ayah dengan harga diri. Hasil dari analisis tambahan dengan metode independent-sample t test menunjukkan hasil yang sama. Struktur keluarga tidak memengaruhi harga diri, demikian juga dengan gender. Sementara itu, hanya kelekatan kepada ayah yang berbeda secara signifikan antar kelompok subjek dari keluarga utuh dan tidak utuh. Kelekatan kepada ibu hanya sedikit berbeda antar kelompok subjek perempuan dan laki-laki. Kelompok subjek perempuan memiliki tingkat kelekatan kepada ibu yang sedikit lebih tinggi daripada kelompok subjek laki-laki. Kata kunci: harga diri, kelekatan, remaja, struktur keluarga

Suppression of Na interstitials in Na-F codoped ZnO

Science.gov (United States)

Huo, Wenxing; Mei, Zengxia; Tang, Aihua; Liang, Huili; Du, Xiaolong

2018-04-01

Controlling the formation of interstitial Na (Nai) self-compensating defects has been a long-term physics problem for effective Na doping in ZnO. Herein, we present an experimental approach to the suppression of Nai defects in ZnO via Na and F codoping under an oxygen-rich condition during the molecular beam epitaxy growth process. It is found that the incorporation of such large numbers of Na and F dopants (˜1020 cm-3) does not cause an obvious influence on the lattice parameters. Hall-effect measurements demonstrate that F doping efficiently raises the Fermi level (EF) of ZnO films, which is expected to make the formation energy of Nai and NaZn increase and decrease, respectively. Most of the Na atoms occupy the substitutional Zn sites, and the formation of Nai is suppressed consequently. Secondary ion mass spectrometry measurements reveal that F and Na atoms are tightly bonded together due to their strong Coulomb interaction. The enhanced deep level emission (DLE) in ZnO:Na-F is ascribed to the considerable amount of isolated Zn vacancy (VZn) defects induced by the elevated EF and the formation of neutral (" separators="| FO + - Na Zn - ) 0 complexes. On the other hand, formation of (" separators="| FO + - VZn 2 - ) - complexes in ZnO:F exhausts most of the isolated Zn vacancies, leading to the disappearance of the DLE band.

OGLAŠEVANJE NA DRUŽBENIH OMREŽJIH NA PRIMERU FACEBOOKA

OpenAIRE

Novak, Martina

2012-01-01

V diplomskem delu obravnavamo družbene medije kot novo priložnost za promocijo in oglaševanje podjetij. Spoznali smo družbena omrežja na splošno in nekaj teh, ki jih uporabljamo tudi v Sloveniji na kratko predstavili. Podrobneje smo se osredotočili na družbeno omrežje Facebook, predvsem na samo spletno stran, njen izgled in storitve, ki jih ponuja uporabnikom. V nalogi je podrobneje opisan Facebook kot orodje za uporabo oglaševanja. Spoznali smo brezplačne in plačljive načine promocije in ogl...

Na+,K+-ATPase Na+ affinity in rat skeletal muscle fiber types

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Kristensen, Michael; Juel, Carsten

2010-01-01

Previous studies in expression systems have found different ion activation of the Na(+)/K(+)-ATPase isozymes, which suggest that different muscles have different ion affinities. The rate of ATP hydrolysis was used to quantify Na(+),K(+)-ATPase activity, and the Na(+) affinity of Na(+),K(+)-ATPase...

HUBUNGAN ANTARA HARGA DIRI DENGAN SIKAP TERHADAP PERILAKU SEKSUAL PRANIKAH PADA REMAJA DARI KELUARGA BROKEN HOME

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Haesty Mulyana R.D

2010-07-01

Full Text Available Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara harga diri dengan sikap terhadap perilaku seksual pranikah pada remaja dengan keluarga broken home. Hipotesis yang diajukan dalam penelitian ini adalah ada hubungan negatif antara harga diri dengan sikap terhadap perilaku seksual pranikah. Pengambilan subjek penelitian ini menggunakan teknik purposive sampling yang berjumlah 50 remaja dari keluarga broken home dengan batasan usia 16-18 tahun dan terdiri dari 28 remaja perempuan dan 22 remaja laki-laki. Pengambilan data penelitian menggunakan Skala Sikap terhadap Perilaku Seksual Pranikah dan Skala Harga Diri. Analisis data dilakukan dengan menggunakan teknik analisis korelasi Product Moment dari Pearson. Hasil analisis menunjukkan nilai rxy sebesar -0.328 (p

INFEKSI LEPTOSPIROSIS DENGAN GEJALA JAUNDICE DAN ACUTE KIDNEY INJURY: SEBUAH LAPORAN KASUS

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I Made Ade Sukma Gautama

2015-01-01

Full Text Available Infeksi leptospirosis adalah penyakit zoonosis yang disebabkan oleh mikro organisme dari genus Leptospira. Penularan penyakit ini melalui kontak langsung ataupun tidak langsung dari urin hewan yang terinfeksi. Angka perkiraan kejadian infeksi leptospirosis di dunia antara 100 per 100.000 populasi pada grup yang berisiko tinggi, dengan proporsi angka kematian mencapai 22%, tepatnya penanganan yang diberikan akan menurunkan angka kematian akibat infeksi ini dan komplikasi yang lebih berat yang dapat terjadi seperti Weil disease. Laporan kasus ini membahas tentang infeksi leptospirosis pada seorang laki-laki berusia 21 tahun disertai pemeriksaan serologi antibodi leptospira menunjukkan hasil positif. Pada pasien ini dilakukan penanganan berupa hemodialisa cito dan pemberian antibiotik ceftriaxone.

Strategic Family Therapy untuk Memperbaiki Komunikasi dalam Keluarga di Nganjuk

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Wahyu Utami

2017-12-01

Full Text Available Subjek dalam studi kasus ini adalah anggota keluarga terdiri dari ibu (52 tahun, Anak laki-laki (35 tahun, Anak perempuan (30 tahun, menantu (32 tahun dan cucu (4 tahun.  Metode assesment yang digunakan adalah wawancara, observasi dan skala pengukuran. Hasil asesmen menunjukkan bahwa keluarga mengalami kegagalan dalam pola komunikasi, interaksi dalamkeluarga kaku dan saling menutup diri. Intervensi yang digunakan adalah strategic family therapy dalam enam sesi, yang bertujuan untuk mengubah komunikasi antar anggota keluarga. Hasil intervensi menunjukkan bahwa masing-masing anggota keluarga menjadi lebih terbuka dan tidak ada lagi salah paham antar anggota serta ada kerjasama dalam melaksanakan tanggungjawab terkait pekerjaan rumah tangga

Crystal structure of Na+, K(+)-ATPase in the Na(+)-bound state.

Science.gov (United States)

Nyblom, Maria; Poulsen, Hanne; Gourdon, Pontus; Reinhard, Linda; Andersson, Magnus; Lindahl, Erik; Fedosova, Natalya; Nissen, Poul

2013-10-04

The Na(+), K(+)-adenosine triphosphatase (ATPase) maintains the electrochemical gradients of Na(+) and K(+) across the plasma membrane--a prerequisite for electrical excitability and secondary transport. Hitherto, structural information has been limited to K(+)-bound or ouabain-blocked forms. We present the crystal structure of a Na(+)-bound Na(+), K(+)-ATPase as determined at 4.3 Å resolution. Compared with the K(+)-bound form, large conformational changes are observed in the α subunit whereas the β and γ subunit structures are maintained. The locations of the three Na(+) sites are indicated with the unique site III at the recently suggested IIIb, as further supported by electrophysiological studies on leak currents. Extracellular release of the third Na(+) from IIIb through IIIa, followed by exchange of Na(+) for K(+) at sites I and II, is suggested.

Profil genetika DNA mikrosatelit kromosom-Y masyarakat laki-laki soroh Kayuan Pasek Catur Sanak Bali Mula

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I Ketut Junitha

2017-05-01

Full Text Available This research is conducted to find out the genetic profiles of Kayuan clan which is belong to Pasek Catur Sanak Bali Mula, indigenous Balinese people. The DNA profiles is identified by using Microsatellite DNA of Y chromosome. Genes or DNA in Y chromosome are descended from father to son (patrilinealism. Four loci of microsatellite DNA from Y chromosome are used, including DYS19, DYS390, DYS393 and DYS395 to amplified DNA samples from 67 males probands.  The probands are people of Kayuan clan from Siakin, Songan, Blandingan and Kutuh villages, Kintamani sub district and others are originally from Jehem village, Tembuku sub district, Bangli regency. The research found 12 allele varieties from all the analyzed loci, which resulted in low genetic diversity (0.33 + 0.001. There are 4 combinations alleles of 4 loci that created12  various haplotypes, the greatest one is haplotype 1 (0.39, followed by haplotype 2 (0.16, haplotype 7 (0,12 and the smallest one is haplotype 6 (0,10. On the other hand, eight other alleles found on the smaller frequencies. Two similar allele combinations were also found on DNA profiles of Celagi clan, which is also belong to the similar family, Pasek Catur Sanak Bali Mula. The two allele are haplotype 6 and 5 found in both, Pasek Kayuan and Pasek Celagi. The haplotype 6 as dominant allele of Celagi clan by adoption, haplotype 5 however, the frequency was the lowest. This allele only detected in one member of each clan due to mutation.

Meltability in system of K2TaF7-NaF-NaCl-KCl

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Kartsev, V.E.; Kovalev, F.V.; Korshunov, B.G.

1975-01-01

Thermographic and visual-polythermal techniques were used to study the meltability in K 2 TaF 7 -NaF-NaCl-KCl system. The tetrahedron-forming sections NaF-NaCl-K 2 TaF 7 xKCl and NaF-K 2 TaF 7 xKCl-2K 2 TaF 7 xNaCl divide the concentration tetrahedron into three particular tetrahedra: NaF-K 2 TaF 7 xKCl-2K 2 TaF 7 xNaCl-K 2 TaF 7 , NaF-NaCl-K 2 TaF 7 xKCl-2K 2 TaF 7 xaCl, and NaF-NaCl-KCl-K 2 TaF 7 xKCl. Non-variant equilibrium points in all of the particular four-component systems have been determined

IDENTIFIKASI BAKAT OLAHRAGA PANAHAN PADA SISWA SEKOLAH DASAR DI KABUPATEN MANOKWARI

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Nikanor Asaribab

2015-04-01

Full Text Available Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengungkap bakat siswa sekolah dasar (SD pada cabang olahraga panahan di Kabupaten Manokwari. Penelitian ini termasuk penelitian deskriptif. Metode yang digunakan adalah survei. Populasi penelitian ini adalah siswa SD negeri dan swasta di Kabupaten Manokwari. Penentuan sampel menggunakan teknik purposive sampling dengan kriteria: (1 SD negeri dan swasta unggulan (panahan, (2 siswa yang mengikuti program pembinaan panahan Indosat, (3 sampel berjumlah 160 anak yang terdiri dari 80 laki-laki dan 80 anak perempuan, (4 siswa yang bersedia menjadi sampel dengan mengisi surat pernyataan. Pengambilan data dilakukan dengan tes dan pengukuran, yang meliputi: kekuatan otot perut (sit-up/minute, kekuatan otot pung-gung (back up/minute, kekuatan otot lengan (pull strength, kekuatan otot tungkai (leg strength, kekuatan otot togok (back strength, daya tahan erobik (multistage, dan keterampilan memanah (jarak 20 meter. Analisis data menggunakan rumus T-Skor. Data diolah kemudian ditemukan hasil total skor yang seterusnya dimasukan ke rumus pengkategorian untuk diklasifikasikan. Hasil penelitian menun-jukkan bahwa bakat siswa SD pada olahraga panahan, untuk: (1 anak laki-laki sangat baik (22.5%, baik (22.5%; (2 Anak perempuan sangat baik (15%, baik (30%. Penelitian ini mengungkap bahwa terdapat 45% siswa laki-laki berada di atas baik atau berbakat dan 45% siswa perempuan berada di atas baik atau berbakat.   IDENTIFYING THE ARCHERY TALENT OF ELEMENTARY STUDENTS IN MANOKWARI REGENCY Abstract This study is aimed to reveal the talent in archery of the students of elementary schools in Manokwari Regency. This study was a descriptive study. The method used was survey. The population was students of public and private elementary schools in Manokwari Regency. The data collection technique used was purposive sampling technique with the following criteria: (1 top public and private elementary schools (archery, (2 students who joined Indosat

Active transport of Na/sup +/ by reconstituted Na,K-ATPase

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Boldyrev, A.A.; Svinukhova, I.A.

1987-02-20

The ability of ATP, CTP, ITP, GTP, and UTP to support ouabain-sensitive accumulation of Na/sup +/ by proteoliposomes with a reconstituted Na/K-pump was investigated. At a low (Na/sup +/)/(K/sup +/) ratio in the medium (20 mM/50 mM), a correlation is observed between the proton-accepting capacity of the nucleotide and its effectiveness as a substrate of active transport. To test the hypothesis of the importance of the presence of a negative charge in the 1-position of the purine (3-pyrimidine) base of the nucleotide for mutual transitions between the Na- and K-conformations of Na,K-ATPase they used two analogs of ATP: N/sub 1/-hydroxy-ATP, possessing proton acceptor capacity, and N/sub 1/-methoxy-ATP, in the molecule of which the negative charge is quenched by a methyl group. The first substrate supports active accumulation of Na/sup +/ in proteoliposomes at the same rate as ATP, whereas the second substrate is relatively ineffective.

Relationship between intracellular Na+ concentration and reduced Na+ affinity in Na+,K+-ATPase mutants causing neurological disease

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Toustrup-Jensen, Mads Schak; Einholm, Anja P.; Schack, Vivien

The neurological disorders familial hemiplegic migraine type 2 (FHM2), alternating hemiplegia of childhood (AHC), and rapid-onset dystonia parkinsonism (RDP) are caused by mutations of Na+,K+-ATPase α2 and α3 isoforms, expressed in glial and neuronal cells, respectively. Although these disorders......, addressing the question to what extent they cause a change of the intracellular Na+ and K+ concentrations ([Na+]i and [K+]i) in COS cells. C-terminal extension mutants generally showed dramatically reduced Na+ affinity without disturbance of K+ binding, as did other RDP mutants. No phosphorylation from ATP...

MOŽNOSTI VSTOPA NA TUJE TRGE NA PRIMERU PODJETJA AWOODTURE

OpenAIRE

Orličnik, Urša

2014-01-01

Danes pojavljanje podjetja samo na domačem trgu ni več dovolj. Spremembe okolja, naraščanje konkurence ter hiter tehnološki napredek, silijo podjetja k nenehnemu prilagajanju in iskanju novih priložnosti tako na domačem kot tudi na tujem trgu. Internacionalizacija podjetja tako postaja vedno bolj pomemembna za preživetje podjetja. Internacionalizacija se v najširšem smislu nanaša na vse oblike mednarodnega ekonomskega sodelovanja. Je dinamičen proces, kateremu nujno sledi sprememba stanja...

Na/K pump inactivation, subsarcolemmal Na measurements, and cytoplasmic ion turnover kinetics contradict restricted Na spaces in murine cardiac myocytes

OpenAIRE

Lu, Fang-Min; Hilgemann, Donald W.

2017-01-01

The Na/K pump exports cytoplasmic Na ions while importing K ions, and its activity is thought to be affected by restricted intracellular Na diffusion in cardiac myocytes. Lu and Hilgemann find instead that the pump can enter an inactivated state and that inactivation can be relieved by cytoplasmic Na.

PENILAIAN PEDOFILIA MENGGUNAKAN RESPON HEMODINAMIK OTAK TERHADAP STIMULI SEKSUAL

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Kuhelan Mahendran

2015-09-01

Full Text Available ABSTRAK Menilai secara akurat orientasi seksual seseorang sangat penting dalam melakukan penanganan terhadap pelaku kekerasan seksual pada anak. Phallometry adalah metode standar untuk mengidentifikasi orientasi seksual; tetapi, metode ini telah banyak dikritik oleh karena bersifat intrusif dan reliabilitasnya terbatas. Tujuan:Untuk mengevaluasi apakah pola respon spasial terhadap stimuli seksual yang ditandai oleh adanya perubahan blood oxygen level-dependent signal (BOLDmemfasilitasi proses identifikasi pedofilia. Desain:Selama dilakukan pemeriksaan magnetic resonance imaging fungsional (fMRI, ditampilkan gambar anak-anak dan dewasa tanpa busana dengan jenis kelamin sama atau berbeda terhadap sampel penelitian (kelompok pedofil dan kontrol. Kami mengkalkulasi perbedaan BOLDterhadap stimuli sexual anak-anak dan dewasa pada setiap sampel. Hasil foto dengan kontras kemudian dimasukkan sesuai dengan kelompoknya untuk dianalisis perbedaan pemetaan otak antara kelompok pedofil dan kontrol. Kami mengkalkulasi nilai ekspresi yang sesuai dengan hasil kelompok bagi setiap sampel. Nilai ekspresi tersebut dibedakan menjadi 2 algoritma klasifikasi: analisis Fisher linear discriminant dan analisis -nearest neighbor. Prosedur klasifikasi tersebut telah divalidasi silang menggunakan metode leave-one-out. Lokasi:Bagian Kedokteran Seksual, Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Christian Albrechts di Kiel, Jerman. Sampel:Kami merekrut 24 sampel dengan pedofil yang memiliki ketertarikan seksual terhadap anak perempuan (n=11 atau laki-laki (n=13 pre pubertas dan 32 kontrol laki-laki sehat yang memiliki ketertarikan seksual terhadap wanita (n=18 atau pria (n=14 dewasa. Pengukuran luaran utama:Angka sensitivitasdan spesifisitas dari kedua algoritme klasifikasi. Hasil:Akurasi klasifikasi tertinggi dicapai dengan analisis diskriminan linear Fisher, yang menunjukkan akurasi rata-rata 95% (100% spesifisitas, 88% sensitivitas. Simpulan:Pola respon otak fungsional terhadap

KONSTRUKSI CITRA MASKULINITAS CALON PRESIDEN (Study Analisis Framing model Gamson dan Modigliani pada Pemberitaan Koran harian Kompas dan Jawa Pos Edisi Juni 2014

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Nanang Mizwar Hasyim

2017-01-01

Full Text Available Abstrak Di sadari atau tidak maskulinitas merupakan hasil dari konstruksi media massa. dimana dalam beberapa kajian tentang peran media massa dalam merubah perilaku masyarakat mempunyai pengaruh yang sangat signifikan. Dalam dunia politik yang didominasi oleh peran media massa, dimana dalam hal ini pemberitaan yang ada di anggap juga sering menonjolkan dominasi maskulinitasnya karena wilayah-wilayah produksi dikuasai oleh kelompok maskulin. Akibatnya konten pemberitaan menyajikan imaji erotis keutamaan laki-laki yang menjadi gambaran utama dan muncul dalam simbol-simbol keperkasaan laki-laki dalam ranah penguasaan ruang sosial maupun politik yang tidak lepas dari stereotype yang ada dalam masyarakat. Tulisan ini adalah sebuah analisisi terhadap praktek-praktek produksi image maskulinitas kedua calon Presiden yaitu Joko Widodo dan Prabowo Subianto yang dilakukan oleh surat kabar Jawa Pos dan Kompas dalam pemberitaan kampanye PILPRES 2014. Kata kunci: Politik, citra, Maskulinitas, Gamson dan Modigliani Abstract Realize it or not masculinity is the result of the construction of the mass media. Some studies on the media's role in changing people's behavior have a significant effect. In a political world dominated by the role of the mass media, which in this case there are news that is considered frequently accentuate the dominance of masculinity for production areas controlled by the masculine. As a result, the news content presents the erotic images of male primacy that became the main picture and appears in the symbols of male strength in the domain of social and political control of space that cannot be separated from the stereotypes that exist in society. This paper is an analysis’s against the practices of masculinity second image production Presidential candidate Joko Widodo and Prabowo conducted by the newspaper Jawa Pos and Kompas in reporting PILPRES 2014 campaign. Key words: News framing, image, Masculinity, Presidential Candidate

EGALITERIANISME DALAM KELUARGA MENURUT AL-QURAN : STUDI PEMIKIRAN BARLAS BARLAS TERHADAP Q.S. AN-NISA’ AYAT 1

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Fauziyah Fauziyah

2016-03-01

Full Text Available Barlas Barlas merupakan salah satu tokoh feminis muslim yang kontroversial dalam memahami ayat sikap egaliterkeluarga. Penafsiran Barlas sangat berbeda dengan paramufassir sebelumnya terutama ulama klasik. Denganmetode analisis deduktif induktif dengan tingkatananalisis deskriptif, artikel ini menyimpulkan Barlasmenafsirkan tentang keluarga dalam al-Quran dengansemangat pembebasannya, menunjukkan bahwa keluargadalam Islam tidak bersifat patriarkis, mengingat bahwaperlakuan al-Quran terhadap laki-laki dan perempuandalam kapasitasnya sebagai orang tua atau pasangantidak didasarkan pada asumsi tentang keistimewaan ataukekuasaan laki-laki atau ketidaksetaraan jender bahkanal-Quran menurut Barlas telah memasukkan ibu kedalamwilayah penghormatan simbolis yang diasosiakan denganTuhan, sehingga ibu diangkat posisinya melebihi ayah.Penghormatan simbolis ini terlihat pada surat al-Nisa’ayat 1 dimana Barlas menafsirkan konsep taqwa kepadaTuhan dan kepada ibu. Barlas menegaskan bahwa ayahdalam tradisi patriarki tidak sesuai dengan al-Quran.Barlas dengan semangat pembebasan menafsiri ayatayattersebut dengan menerapkan hermenutik yang berdasarkan ontology ketuhanan. Kata Kunci: Egaliterianisme, Keluarga, Barlas Barlas.   Barlas Barlas is a feminist Muslim figure who has controversial understanding about egalitarian attitudes of a family. Barlas interpretation is very different fromthe previous commentators, especially classical scholars.By using inductive deductive method of analysis withdescriptive level of analysis, this article concludes thatthe interpretation of Barlas on the family in the Koranindicates that the family is not patriarchal in Islambecause the Qur’an treatment to men and women intheir capacity as parents or spouses is not based onassumptions about privilege or power of men or genderinequality. In fact, according to Barlas, the Koran hasincluded a mother into symbolic honor region, which isassociated with God, so that the position of a

DAMPAK PERMAINAN BOWLING TIRUAN TERHADAP KECAKAPAN MOTORIK ANAK TERBELAKANG MENTAL USIA DINI

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Suparno -

2014-06-01

Abstrak: Dampak Permainan Bowling Tiruan terhadap Keterampilan Motorik Anak Terbelakang Mental Usia Dini. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memperoleh gambaran mengenai dampak permainan dengan aturan bowling tiruan terhadap peningkatan kecakapan koordinasi motorik anak terbelakang mental usia dini. Sebanyak enam anak yang mengalami keterbelakangan mental berusia 5-7 tahun, terdiri atas empat laki-laki dan dua wanita di TKLB/C Pembina Yogyakarta yang diambil secara purposive dijadikan subjek. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kuasi eksperimen dengan rancangan pretes-postes satu kelompok. Observasi terbuka dan rekaman video digunakan untuk melihat kecakapan koordinasi motorik subjek. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan adanya dampak positif permainan dengan aturan berupa bowling tiruan terhadap peningkatan kecakapan koordinasi motorik anak terbelakang mental usia dini.

Vpliv toplotnih mostov na porabo energije za ogrevanje na primeru osnovne šole

OpenAIRE

Megušar, Primož

2015-01-01

Na primeru Osnovne šole Dobrova sem preveril, kakšen vpliv imajo dejanski toplotni mostovi na porabo energije za ogrevanje. Iz načrtov stavbe sem evidentiral vse toplotne mostove, kateri vplivajo na porabo energije. Tem toplotnim mostovom sem nato v standardu SIST EN ISO 14683 poiskal ustrezne približke. Nato sem s programom TOST izvedel tri simulacije. V prvem primeru toplotnih mostov nisem upošteval. V drugem primeru sem toplotne mostove upošteval na poenostavljen način, v zadnjem primeru p...

Na and K dependence of the Na/K pump in cystic fibrosis fibroblasts.

OpenAIRE

Reznik, V M; Schneider, J A; Mendoza, S A

1981-01-01

The Na and K dependence of the Na/K pump was measured in skin fibroblasts from patients with cystic fibrosis and age/sex-matched controls. Under basal conditions, there was no difference between control and cystic fibrosis cells in protein per cell, intracellular Na and K content, or Na/K pump activity (measured as ouabain-sensitive 86Rb uptake). There was no difference in the Na dependence of the Na/K pump between cystic fibrosis cells and control cells. In cells from patients with cystic fi...

Vliv mikroflóry na senzorické vlastnosti vína

OpenAIRE

Petrášová, Ludmila

2014-01-01

Tato bakalářská práce se zabývá vlivem mikroflóry na senzorické vlastnosti vína. Teoretická část informuje o botanickém popisu hroznů vína Veltlínské zelené, dále o jeho složení, o technologii zpracování bílého vína a o vlivu kvasinek na aromatický profil vína. V další části popisuje metodu stanovení aromaticky aktivních látek pomocí plynové chromatografie v kombinaci s mikroextrakcí tuhou fází (SPME-GC). Cílem experimentální části bylo proměřit vzorky 4 různých moštů odrůdy Veltlínské zelené...

Tagasivõitmine ja teised võlausaldajate kaitsevahendid maksejõuetusõiguses - Soome vaatepunkt / Erkki Havansi

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

Havansi, Erkki

2008-01-01

Tagasivõitmise alustest ja menetlusest maksejõuetusõiguses. Tagasivõitmise regulatsioonist Soomes ja pankrotipessa tagasivõitmise seadusest (Laki takaisinsaannista konkurssipesään, seadus nr. 758/1991)

Study of the Na-C-O and Na-H-O ternary systems in the sodium rich corner

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Maupre, J.-P.

1978-02-01

The purpose of this study is to provide a contribution to the understanding of the sodium - carbon - oxygen and sodium - hydrogen - oxygen ternary systems in the sodium rich corner. In order to do this the Na-NaH-Na 2 O-NaOH phase diagram was completed and the Na-Na 2 O-Na 2 CO 3 -C phase diagram was outlined. This work is made up of two parts. The first is devoted to a critical literature survey essential to establish correct phase diagrams. The second is an experimental study followed by a discussion collating our finding to the literary data. The basic experimental technique used is differential thermal analysis (DTA) but it has been completed by quenching, X-ray and chemical analysis methods. The proposed phase diagrams imply that Na-NaH-Na 2 O-NaOH and Na-Na 2 O-Na 2 CO 3 -C systems are reciprocal ternary systems. Temperatures of stable pairs reversal are respectively 410 and 690 0 C. The stable pairs are Na-NaOH and Na-Na 2 CO 3 at elevated temperature, Na 2 O-NaH and Na 2 O-C at low temperature [fr

Response of saliva Na/K ratio to changing Na supply of lactating cows under tropical conditions.

Science.gov (United States)

Thiangtum, Wandee; Schonewille, J Thomas; Verstegen, Martin Wa; Arsawakulsudhi, Supot; Rukkwamsuk, Theera; Hendriks, Wouter H

2017-06-01

Factorial determination of the sodium (Na) requirement of heat-stressed lactating cows is hindered by accurate estimates of the Na losses through sweat. Direct studies, therefore, may be needed requiring information on the time course of healthy animals to become Na depleted and the subsequent rate of repletion. The rate of Na depletion and subsequent rate of Na repletion with two levels of dietary Na to lactating dairy cows housed under tropical conditions were investigated using the salivary Na/K. The 12 lactating cows (salivary Na/K ratio 14.6) rapidly developed clinical signs of Na deficiency, including pica, polyuria and polydipsia, reduced body weight and reduced milk yield when fed a low-Na ration (0.33 g kg -1 dry matter (DM)) for 3 weeks. Deficiency symptoms were associated with a rapid decrease in salivary Na/K ratio to cows with NaCl to a ration concentration of 1.1 or 1.6 g Na kg -1 DM for 5 weeks did not restore salivary Na/K ratio to values of >6. A daily Na intake of heat-stressed lactating cows to a ration intake of 1.6 g Na kg -1 DM was insufficient to restore Na deficiency. One week was sufficient to deplete heat-stressed lactating cows of Na, allowing for rapid dose-response studies utilizing the salivary Na/K ratio as a parameter for Na status of cows under tropical conditions. © 2016 Society of Chemical Industry. © 2016 Society of Chemical Industry.

Posisi Perempuan dalam Tempurung dan Ayu Manda: Dua Novel Karya Perempuan dan Laki­Laki Pengarang Bali

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Anang Santosa

2013-12-01

Full Text Available Tulisan ini bertujuan mendeskripsikan posisi tokoh­tokoh perempuan dalam dua novel karya pengarang Bali-Tempurung dan Ayu Manda dengan pendekatan feminis. Tempurung karya perempuan pengarang, Oka Rusmini, dan Ayu Manda garapan I Made Iwan Darmawan. Kedua novel tersebut sama­sama diterbitkan pada tahun 2010. Kedua novel tersebut dipilih karena sangat kental menyajikan beragam persoalan perempuan. Eksploitasi gender sebagai sebuah konstruk sosial budaya, mengakibatkan timbulnya ketidakadilan­ketidakadilan. Ironisnya, ketidakadilan tersebut mengalami pembiaran akibat ketatnya hegemoni adat dan tatanan dalam masyarakat. Masalah tersebut dimunculkan secara padat dan cepat dalam novel Tempurung dan Ayu Manda. Novel Tempurung menampilkan gambaran perempuan­perempuan yang dihegemoni oleh budaya dan masyarakatnya. Pada novel Ayu Manda yang mengambil latar waktu 1960­an, geliat penolakan terhadap ketidakadilan mulai ditampilkan. Akan tetapi, ketika perempuan mulai berbicara tentang dan terlibat cinta, perempuan akan berhadapan dengan kuasa adat istiadat dan tradisi yang siap memarginalkan tubuhnya jika tidak bersepaham dengannya. Temuan yang didapat dari hasil penelitian ini adalah perempuan­perempuan dalam kedua novel tersebut diposisikan sebagai manusia yang berjenis kelamin berbeda sehingga harus diperlakukan berbeda pula. Abstract: This article aims to describe the position of female characters in two novels written by Balinese writers, Tempurung and Ayu Manda, using feminist approach. Tempurung was written by a female writer, Oka Rusmini, whereas Ayu Manda is a work of I Made Iwan Darmawan. Both novels were published in 2010. The two novels were chosen for strongly presenting various woman issues. Gender exploitation as a sociocultural construction brings about discriminations. Ironically, ironically, those discriminations have been allowed because of a firm hegemony of tradition and social order of society. The issue is solidly and fast presented in the two novels. Tempurung depicts the women who are hegemonized by their culture and society. In Ayu Manda, which takes the setting of the 1960s, refusals toward discrimination have started to emerge. However, when a woman starts to talk about and be involved in love, she will face the power of custom and tradition ready to marginalize her body if they disagree with them. The result of the study shows that the women in the two novels are positioned as being of different sex so they have to be treated differently from man. Key Words: woman; gender; feminism

Potensi Konflik dalam Perkawinan Lintas Budaya antara Perempuan Indonesia dan Laki-Laki Bule (Perspektif Komunikasi Lintas Budaya

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Benazir Bona Pratamawaty

2017-06-01

Full Text Available The Intercultural marriages are frequently encountered by many problems and conflicts. One of the causes is the cultural background differences. In this kinds of marriage between  Indonesian women and the foreigner men, the mixing of different cultural background, western and eastern culture. This research was aimed at Identifying and recognizing the conflict that caused by the Intercultural marriages of the Indonesian women and the Cuscasian.   This research is one part of a broader scope of research using a phenomenological approach, in particular symbolic interaction and social construction theory of reality. Methods of data collection include in-depth interviews and observations of seven Indonesian women who married Caucasian and domiciled in Jakarta. The results show some of the dominant conflict-causing differences in cross-cultural marriages between Indonesian women and male Caucasians, namely differences in language context, communication style, perceptions of family concepts, and perceptions about privacy. In the end, cross-cultural marriage couples find a pattern of settlement in responding the cultural differences they find in everyday life. Over time, sharing the differences that exist together, the Indonesian women and foreign husbands will reach the a point where they start sharing the same values and worldviews.

Glutathionylation-Dependence of Na+-K+-Pump Currents Can Mimic Reduced Subsarcolemmal Na+ Diffusion

Science.gov (United States)

Garcia, Alvaro; Liu, Chia-Chi; Cornelius, Flemming; Clarke, Ronald J.; Rasmussen, Helge H.

2016-01-01

The existence of a subsarcolemmal space with restricted diffusion for Na+ in cardiac myocytes has been inferred from a transient peak electrogenic Na+-K+ pump current beyond steady state on reexposure of myocytes to K+ after a period of exposure to K+-free extracellular solution. The transient peak current is attributed to enhanced electrogenic pumping of Na+ that accumulated in the diffusion-restricted space during pump inhibition in K+-free extracellular solution. However, there are no known physical barriers that account for such restricted Na+ diffusion, and we examined if changes of activity of the Na+-K+ pump itself cause the transient peak current. Reexposure to K+ reproduced a transient current beyond steady state in voltage-clamped ventricular myocytes as reported by others. Persistence of it when the Na+ concentration in patch pipette solutions perfusing the intracellular compartment was high and elimination of it with K+-free pipette solution could not be reconciled with restricted subsarcolemmal Na+ diffusion. The pattern of the transient current early after pump activation was dependent on transmembrane Na+- and K+ concentration gradients suggesting the currents were related to the conformational poise imposed on the pump. We examined if the currents might be accounted for by changes in glutathionylation of the β1 Na+-K+ pump subunit, a reversible oxidative modification that inhibits the pump. Susceptibility of the β1 subunit to glutathionylation depends on the conformational poise of the Na+-K+ pump, and glutathionylation with the pump stabilized in conformations equivalent to those expected to be imposed on voltage-clamped myocytes supported this hypothesis. So did elimination of the transient K+-induced peak Na+-K+ pump current when we included glutaredoxin 1 in patch pipette solutions to reverse glutathionylation. We conclude that transient K+-induced peak Na+-K+ pump current reflects the effect of conformation-dependent β1 pump subunit

Glutathionylation-Dependence of Na(+)-K(+)-Pump Currents Can Mimic Reduced Subsarcolemmal Na(+) Diffusion.

Science.gov (United States)

Garcia, Alvaro; Liu, Chia-Chi; Cornelius, Flemming; Clarke, Ronald J; Rasmussen, Helge H

2016-03-08

The existence of a subsarcolemmal space with restricted diffusion for Na(+) in cardiac myocytes has been inferred from a transient peak electrogenic Na(+)-K(+) pump current beyond steady state on reexposure of myocytes to K(+) after a period of exposure to K(+)-free extracellular solution. The transient peak current is attributed to enhanced electrogenic pumping of Na(+) that accumulated in the diffusion-restricted space during pump inhibition in K(+)-free extracellular solution. However, there are no known physical barriers that account for such restricted Na(+) diffusion, and we examined if changes of activity of the Na(+)-K(+) pump itself cause the transient peak current. Reexposure to K(+) reproduced a transient current beyond steady state in voltage-clamped ventricular myocytes as reported by others. Persistence of it when the Na(+) concentration in patch pipette solutions perfusing the intracellular compartment was high and elimination of it with K(+)-free pipette solution could not be reconciled with restricted subsarcolemmal Na(+) diffusion. The pattern of the transient current early after pump activation was dependent on transmembrane Na(+)- and K(+) concentration gradients suggesting the currents were related to the conformational poise imposed on the pump. We examined if the currents might be accounted for by changes in glutathionylation of the β1 Na(+)-K(+) pump subunit, a reversible oxidative modification that inhibits the pump. Susceptibility of the β1 subunit to glutathionylation depends on the conformational poise of the Na(+)-K(+) pump, and glutathionylation with the pump stabilized in conformations equivalent to those expected to be imposed on voltage-clamped myocytes supported this hypothesis. So did elimination of the transient K(+)-induced peak Na(+)-K(+) pump current when we included glutaredoxin 1 in patch pipette solutions to reverse glutathionylation. We conclude that transient K(+)-induced peak Na(+)-K(+) pump current reflects the effect

Crystal structure of a Na+-bound Na+,K+-ATPase preceding the E1P state.

Science.gov (United States)

Kanai, Ryuta; Ogawa, Haruo; Vilsen, Bente; Cornelius, Flemming; Toyoshima, Chikashi

2013-10-10

Na(+),K(+)-ATPase pumps three Na(+) ions out of cells in exchange for two K(+) taken up from the extracellular medium per ATP molecule hydrolysed, thereby establishing Na(+) and K(+) gradients across the membrane in all animal cells. These ion gradients are used in many fundamental processes, notably excitation of nerve cells. Here we describe 2.8 Å-resolution crystal structures of this ATPase from pig kidney with bound Na(+), ADP and aluminium fluoride, a stable phosphate analogue, with and without oligomycin that promotes Na(+) occlusion. These crystal structures represent a transition state preceding the phosphorylated intermediate (E1P) in which three Na(+) ions are occluded. Details of the Na(+)-binding sites show how this ATPase functions as a Na(+)-specific pump, rejecting K(+) and Ca(2+), even though its affinity for Na(+) is low (millimolar dissociation constant). A mechanism for sequential, cooperative Na(+) binding can now be formulated in atomic detail.

GANGGUAN AFEKTIF BIPOLAR MANIA DENGAN PSIKOTIK: SEBUAH LAPORAN KASUS

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Hendrikus Gede Surya Adhi Putra

2015-05-01

Full Text Available Gangguan bipolar merupakan gangguan yang terdiri dari afek yang meningkat, dan jugaaktivitas yang berlebih (mania atau hipomania, dan dalam jangka waktu yang berbedaterjadi penurunan afek yang disertai dengan penurunan aktivitas (depresi. Kejadianpada  gangguan  bipolar  berkisar  antara  0,3-1,5%.  Prevalensi  serupa  pada  pria  danwanita.Gejala gangguan bipolar episode manik meliputi perasaan sensitif, kurangistirahat, harga diri melonjak naik, dan pada episode depresi meliputi kehilanganminat, tidur lebih atau kurang dari normal, gelisah, merasa tidak berharga, dan kurangkonsentrasi. Laporan ini membahas kasus gangguan bipolar episode kini manik yangterjadi pada seorang laki-laki berusia 45 tahun. Pasien ini mendapatkan psikoterapi,haloperidol 1 x 5 mg, dan trihexyphenidyl 1 x 2 mg per oral.

MISKONSEPSI DALAM MATERI IPA SEKOLAH DASAR

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Dek Ngurah Laba Laksana

2016-10-01

Full Text Available Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan miskonsepsi yang terjadi pada calon guru dalam materi IPA di sekolah dasar. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif untuk memaparkan lebih dalam mengenai jenis miskonsepsi yang terjadi. Subjek dalam penelitian ini adalah calon guru SD. Jumlah subjek yang dijadikan responden adalah 64 orang, yang terdiri dari 44 orang calon guru perempuan dan 20 orang laki-laki. Hasil penelitian yang diperoleh adalah sebagai berikut. (1 terjadi miskonsepsi dalam berbagai konsep IPA di sekolah dasar, (2 konsep-konsep yang dominan mengalami miskonsepsi dengan persentase lebih dari 60% adalah (a konsep zat-zat yang diperlukan dalam proses fotosintesis tumbuhan hijau, b konsep fotosintesis membutuhkan cahaya, 3 konsep massa jenis zat, dan 4 konsep gerak jatuh bebas.

Na+-H+ exchange and Na+-dependent transport systems in streptozotocin diabetic rat kidneys

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

El-Seifi, S.; Freiberg, J.M.; Kinsella, F.J.; Cheng, L.; Sacktor, B.

1987-01-01

The streptozotocin-induced diabetic rat was used to test the hypothesis that Na + -H + exchange activity in the proximal tubule luminal membrane would be increased in association with renal hypertrophy, altered glomerular hemodynamics, enhanced filtered load and tubular reabsorption of 22 Na + , and stimulated 22 Na= pump activity in the basolateral membrane, previously reported characteristics of this experimental animal model. Amiloride-sensitive H + gradient-dependent Na + uptake and Na + gradient-dependent H + flux were increased in brush-border membrane vesicles from the streptozotocin-treated animals. Na + gradient-dependent uptakes of phosphate, D-glucose, L-proline, and myoinositol were decreased in the drug-induced diabetic animals. These membrane transport alterations were not found when the streptozotocin-diabetic animals were treated with insulin

The two C-terminal tyrosines stabilize occluded Na/K pump conformations containing Na or K ions.

Science.gov (United States)

Vedovato, Natascia; Gadsby, David C

2010-07-01

Interactions of the three transported Na ions with the Na/K pump remain incompletely understood. Na/K pump crystal structures show that the extended C terminus of the Na,K-adenosine triphosphatase (ATPase) alpha subunit directly contacts transmembrane helices. Deletion of the last five residues (KETYY in almost all Na/K pumps) markedly lowered the apparent affinity for Na activation of pump phosphorylation from ATP, a reflection of cytoplasmic Na affinity for forming the occluded E1P(Na3) conformation. ATPase assays further suggested that C-terminal truncations also interfere with low affinity Na interactions, which are attributable to extracellular effects. Because extracellular Na ions traverse part of the membrane's electric field to reach their binding sites in the Na/K pump, their movements generate currents that can be monitored with high resolution. We report here electrical measurements to examine how Na/K pump interactions with extracellular Na ions are influenced by C-terminal truncations. We deleted the last two (YY) or five (KESYY) residues in Xenopus laevis alpha1 Na/K pumps made ouabain resistant by either of two kinds of point mutations and measured their currents as 10-mM ouabain-sensitive currents in Xenopus oocytes after silencing endogenous Xenopus Na/K pumps with 1 microM ouabain. We found the low affinity inhibitory influence of extracellular Na on outward Na/K pump current at negative voltages to be impaired in all of the C-terminally truncated pumps. Correspondingly, voltage jump-induced transient charge movements that reflect pump interactions with extracellular Na ions were strongly shifted to more negative potentials; this signals a several-fold reduction of the apparent affinity for extracellular Na in the truncated pumps. Parallel lowering of Na affinity on both sides of the membrane argues that the C-terminal contacts provide important stabilization of the occluded E1P(Na3) conformation, regardless of the route of Na ion entry into the

Anion-coupled Na efflux mediated by the human red blood cell Na/K pump

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Dissing, S.; Hoffman, J.F.

1990-01-01

The red cell Na/K pump is known to continue to extrude Na when both Na and K are removed from the external medium. Because this ouabain-sensitive flux occurs in the absence of an exchangeable cation, it is referred to as uncoupled Na efflux. This flux is also known to be inhibited by 5 mM Nao but to a lesser extent than that inhibitable by ouabain. Uncoupled Na efflux via the Na/K pump therefore can be divided into a Nao-sensitive and Nao-insensitive component. We used DIDS-treated, SO4-equilibrated human red blood cells suspended in HEPES-buffered (pHo 7.4) MgSO4 or (Tris)2SO4, in which we measured 22Na efflux, 35SO4 efflux, and changes in the membrane potential with the fluorescent dye, diS-C3 (5). A principal finding is that uncoupled Na efflux occurs electroneurally, in contrast to the pump's normal electrogenic operation when exchanging Nai for Ko. This electroneutral uncoupled efflux of Na was found to be balanced by an efflux of cellular anions. (We were unable to detect any ouabain-sensitive uptake of protons, measured in an unbuffered medium at pH 7.4 with a Radiometer pH-STAT.) The Nao-sensitive efflux of Nai was found to be 1.95 +/- 0.10 times the Nao-sensitive efflux of (SO4)i, indicating that the stoichiometry of this cotransport is two Na+ per SO4=, accounting for 60-80% of the electroneutral Na efflux. The remainder portion, that is, the ouabain-sensitive Nao-insensitive component, has been identified as PO4-coupled Na transport and is the subject of a separate paper. That uncoupled Na efflux occurs as a cotransport with anions is supported by the result, obtained with resealed ghosts, that when internal and external SO4 was substituted by the impermeant anion, tartrate i,o, the efflux of Na was inhibited 60-80%. This inhibition could be relieved by the inclusion, before DIDS treatment, of 5 mM Cli,o

Na5NbO5 and Na5TaO5 phases

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Darriet, J.; Maazaz, A.; Bouloux, J.C.; Delmas, C.

1982-01-01

New ternary oxides of formulas Na 5 NbO 5 and Na 5 TaO 5 have been prepared. They crystallize in the monoclinic system (space group C2/c). The crystal structure of Na 5 NbO 5 has been determined. It derives from a NaCl-type structure by ordering of the cations and of the oxygen vacancies in the anionic sublattice, the corresponding formula being Nasub(5/6)Nbsub(1/6)Osub(5/6)vacant sub(1/6). Sodium and niobium have a distorted square-pyramidal surrounding. (author)

Synthesis of Na-A and/or Na-X zeolite/porous carbon composites from carbonized rice husk

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Katsuki, Hiroaki; Komarneni, Sridhar

2009-01-01

Na-A and/or Na-X zeolite/porous carbon composites were prepared under hydrothermal conditions by NaOH dissolution of silica first from carbonized rice husk followed by addition of NaAlO 2 and in situ crystallization of zeolites i.e., using a two-step process. When a one-step process was used, both Na-A and Na-X zeolites crystallized on the surface of carbon. Na-A or Na-X zeolite crystals were prepared on the porous carbonized rice husk at 90 deg. C for 2-6 h by changing the SiO 2 /Al 2 O 3 , H 2 O/Na 2 O and Na 2 O/SiO 2 molar ratios of precursors in the two-step process. The surface area and NH 4 + -cation exchange capacity (CEC) of Na-A zeolite/porous carbon were found to be 171 m 2 /g and 506 meq/100 g, respectively, while those of Na-X zeolite/porous carbon composites were 676 m 2 /g and 317 meq/100 g, respectively. Na-A and Na-X zeolites are well-known microporous and hydrophilic materials while carbonized rice husk was found to be mesoporous (pores of ∼3.9 nm) and hydrophobic. These hybrid microporous-mesoporous and hydrophilic-hydrophobic composites are expected to be useful for decontamination of metal cations as well as organic contaminants simultaneously. - Graphical Abstract: Novel Na-X zeolite/porous carbon composite.

Equilibrium chemical transformations in NaPO3 + NaCl melts

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Kovarskaya, E.N.; Rodionov, Yu.I.

1988-01-01

Because of the problems of the burial of solidified radioactive wastes into different geological rock formations, in particular into massives of rock-salt, the state of molten polyphosphate-chloride mixtures (taking into account the chemical character of the interaction of their components) for a prolonged period of time. The equilibrium products of the reaction in the NaPO 3 -NaCl system were studied in melts in air in the composition range of 30-70 mole % NaCl. It was shown that with increase in the NaCl content in the mixtures, the polyphosphate gradually depolymerizes to sodium tri-, di-, and monophosphates, and the composition of the equilibrium melts is dependent only on the ratio between the components in the initial molten mixtures. The time until the equilibrium is attained is shorter, the higher is the experimental temperature

Long-Range Effects of Na(+) Binding in Na,K-ATPase Reported by ATP.

Science.gov (United States)

Middleton, David A; Fedosova, Natalya U; Esmann, Mikael

2015-12-01

This paper addresses the question of long-range interactions between the intramembranous cation binding sites and the cytoplasmic nucleotide binding site of the ubiquitous ion-transporting Na,K-ATPase using (13)C cross-polarization magic-angle spinning (CP-MAS) solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance. High-affinity ATP binding is induced by the presence of Na(+) as well as of Na-like substances such as Tris(+), and these ions are equally efficient promoters of nucleotide binding. CP-MAS analysis of bound ATP with Na,K-ATPase purified from pig kidney membranes reveals subtle differences in the nucleotide interactions within the nucleotide site depending on whether Na(+) or Tris(+) is used to induce binding. Differences in chemical shifts for ATP atoms C1' and C5' observed in the presence of Na(+) or Tris(+) suggest alterations in the residues surrounding the bound nucleotide, hydrogen bonding, and/or conformation of the ribose ring. This is taken as evidence of a long-distance communication between the Na(+)-filled ion sites in the membrane interior and the nucleotide binding site in the cytoplasmic domain and reflects the first conformational change ultimately leading to phosphorylation of the enzyme. Stopped-flow fluorescence measurements with the nucleotide analogue eosin show that the dissociation rate constant for eosin is larger in Tris(+) than in Na(+), giving kinetic evidence of the difference in structural effects of Na(+) and Tris(+). According to the recent crystal structure of the E1·AlF4(-)·ADP·3Na(+) form, the coupling between the ion binding sites and the nucleotide side is mediated by, among others, the M5 helix.

Interaction between Na+/K+-pump and Na+/Ca2+-exchanger modulates intercellular communication.

Science.gov (United States)

Matchkov, Vladimir V; Gustafsson, Helena; Rahman, Awahan; Briggs Boedtkjer, Donna M; Gorintin, Sarah; Hansen, Anne Kirstine; Bouzinova, Elena V; Praetorius, Helle A; Aalkjaer, Christian; Nilsson, Holger

2007-04-13

Ouabain, a specific inhibitor of the Na(+)/K(+)-pump, has previously been shown to interfere with intercellular communication. Here we test the hypothesis that the communication between vascular smooth muscle cells is regulated through an interaction between the Na(+)/K(+)-pump and the Na(+)/Ca(2+)-exchanger leading to an increase in the intracellular calcium concentration ([Ca(2+)](i)) in discrete areas near the plasma membrane. [Ca(2+)](i) in smooth muscle cells was imaged in cultured rat aortic smooth muscle cell pairs (A7r5) and in rat mesenteric small artery segments simultaneously with force. In A7r5 coupling between cells was estimated by measuring membrane capacitance. Smooth muscle cells were uncoupled when the Na(+)/K(+)-pump was inhibited either by a low concentration of ouabain, which also caused a localized increase of [Ca(2+)](i) near the membrane, or by ATP depletion. Reduction of Na(+)/K(+)-pump activity by removal of extracellular potassium ([K(+)](o)) also uncoupled cells, but only after inhibition of K(ATP) channels. Inhibition of the Na(+)/Ca(2+)-exchange activity by SEA0400 or by a reduction of the equilibrium potential (making it more negative) also uncoupled the cells. Depletion of intracellular Na(+) and clamping of [Ca(2+)](i) at low concentrations prevented the uncoupling. The experiments suggest that the Na(+)/K(+)-pump may affect gap junction conductivity via localized changes in [Ca(2+)](i) through modulation of Na(+)/Ca(2+)-exchanger activity.

Intracellular Na(+) and metabolic modulation of Na/K pump and excitability in the rat suprachiasmatic nucleus neurons.

Science.gov (United States)

Wang, Yi-Chi; Yang, Jyh-Jeen; Huang, Rong-Chi

2012-10-01

Na/K pump activity and metabolic rate are both higher during the day in the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) that houses the circadian clock. Here we investigated the role of intracellular Na(+) and energy metabolism in regulating Na/K pump activity and neuronal excitability. Removal of extracellular K(+) to block the Na/K pump excited SCN neurons to fire at higher rates and return to normal K(+) to reactivate the pump produced rebound hyperpolarization to inhibit firing. In the presence of tetrodotoxin to block the action potentials, both zero K(+)-induced depolarization and rebound hyperpolarization were blocked by the cardiac glycoside strophanthidin. Ratiometric Na(+) imaging with a Na(+)-sensitive fluorescent dye indicated saturating accumulation of intracellular Na(+) in response to pump blockade with zero K(+). The Na(+) ionophore monensin also induced Na(+) loading and hyperpolarized the membrane potential, with the hyperpolarizing effect of monensin abolished in zero Na(+) or by pump blockade. Conversely, Na(+) depletion with Na(+)-free pipette solution depolarized membrane potential but retained residual Na/K pump activity. Cyanide inhibition of oxidative phosphorylation blocked the Na/K pump to depolarize resting potential and increase spontaneous firing in most cells, and to raise intracellular Na(+) levels in all cells. Nonetheless, the Na/K pump was incompletely blocked by cyanide but completely blocked by iodoacetate to inhibit glycolysis, indicating the involvement of both oxidative phosphorylation and glycolysis in fueling the Na/K pump. Together, the results indicate the importance of intracellular Na(+) and energy metabolism in regulating Na/K pump activity as well as neuronal excitability in the SCN neurons.

Synthesis of zeolites Na-A and Na-X from tablet compressed and calcinated coal fly ash

Science.gov (United States)

Hu, Tao; Gao, Wenyan; Liu, Xin; Zhang, Yifu; Meng, Changgong

2017-10-01

Zeolites Na-A and Na-X are important synthetic zeolites widely used for separation and adsorption in industry. It is of great significance to develop energy-efficient routines that can synthesize zeolites Na-A and Na-X from low-cost raw materials. Coal fly ash (CFA) is the major residue from the combustion of coal and biomass containing more than 85% SiO2 and Al2O3, which can readily replace the conventionally used sodium silicate and aluminate for zeolite synthesis. We used Na2CO3 to replace the expensive NaOH used for the calcination of CFA and showed that tablet compression can enhance the contact with Na2CO3 for the activation of CFA through calcination for the synthesis of zeolites Na-A and Na-X under mild conditions. We optimized the control variables for zeolite synthesis and showed that phase-pure zeolite Na-A can be synthesized with CFA at reactant molar ratio, hydrothermal reaction temperature and reaction time of 1.3Na2O: 0.6Al2O3: 1SiO2: 38H2O at 80°C for 6 h, respectively, while phase-pure zeolite Na-X can be synthesized at 2.2Na2O: 0.2Al2O3: 1SiO2: 88H2O at 100°C for 8 h, respectively. The composition, morphology, specific surface area, vibration spectrum and thermogravimetry of synthesized Na-A and Na-X were further characterized.

The CERES / NA45 experiment

CERN Multimedia

Laurent Guiraud

2000-01-01

Ceres is one of the second generation heavy ion experiments at CERN's SPS. It is dedicated to the study of electron-positron pairs in relativistic nuclear collisions. NA45 is one of the seven experiments (NA44, NA45, NA49, NA50, NA52, WA97/NA57 and WA98) involved in CERN's Heavy Ion programme which provided evidence for the existence of a new state of matter, the quark-gluon plasma. In this state, quarks, instead of being bound up into more complex particles such as protons and neutrons, are liberated and roam freely. Theory predicts that this state must have existed at about 10 microseconds after the Big Bang, before the formation of matter as we know it today.

The rapid-onset dystonia parkinsonism mutation D923N of the Na+, K+-ATPase alpha3 isoform disrupts Na+ interaction at the third Na+ site.

Science.gov (United States)

Einholm, Anja Pernille; Toustrup-Jensen, Mads S; Holm, Rikke; Andersen, Jens Peter; Vilsen, Bente

2010-08-20

Rapid-onset dystonia parkinsonism (RDP), a rare neurological disorder, is caused by mutation of the neuron-specific alpha3-isoform of Na(+), K(+)-ATPase. Here, we present the functional consequences of RDP mutation D923N. Relative to the wild type, the mutant exhibits a remarkable approximately 200-fold reduction of Na(+) affinity for activation of phosphorylation from ATP, reflecting a defective interaction of the E(1) form with intracellular Na(+). This is the largest effect on Na(+) affinity reported so far for any Na(+), K(+)-ATPase mutant. D923N also affects the interaction with extracellular Na(+) normally driving the E(1)P to E(2)P conformational transition backward. However, no impairment of K(+) binding was observed for D923N, leading to the conclusion that Asp(923) is specifically associated with the third Na(+) site that is selective toward Na(+). The crystal structure of the Na(+), K(+)-ATPase in E(2) form shows that Asp(923) is located in the cytoplasmic half of transmembrane helix M8 inside a putative transport channel, which is lined by residues from the transmembrane helices M5, M7, M8, and M10 and capped by the C terminus, recently found involved in recognition of the third Na(+) ion. Structural modeling of the E(1) form of Na(+), K(+)-ATPase based on the Ca(2+)-ATPase crystal structure is consistent with the hypothesis that Asp(923) contributes to a site binding the third Na(+) ion. These results in conjunction with our previous findings with other RDP mutants suggest that a selective defect in the handling of Na(+) may be a general feature of the RDP disorder.

Recikliranje plastenk na kreativen način

OpenAIRE

Pavlin, Suzana

2017-01-01

Plastenke, poleg ostalih plastičnih izdelkov, v zadnjih letih predstavljajo pravo katastrofo za okolje. Domnevamo, da se le redko kdo vpraša, kaj se zgodi z njo po tem, ko je iz nje zaužil še zadnjo kapljico vode. Plastenka je lahko kot večina ostalih komunalnih odpadkov ponovno uporabljena, reciklirana, sežgana ali odložena na deponijo. V primeru nespoštovanja Zakona o varstvu okolja pa pristane v naravi, pogosto v morju, kjer prav počasi razpada in negativno vpliva na celoten ekosistem. V d...

Plant Defensins NaD1 and NaD2 Induce Different Stress Response Pathways in Fungi

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Peter M. Dracatos

2016-09-01

Full Text Available Nicotiana alata defensins 1 and 2 (NaD1 and NaD2 are plant defensins from the ornamental tobacco that have antifungal activity against a variety of fungal pathogens. Some plant defensins interact with fungal cell wall O-glycosylated proteins. Therefore, we investigated if this was the case for NaD1 and NaD2, by assessing the sensitivity of the three Aspergillus nidulans (An O-mannosyltransferase (pmt knockout (KO mutants (An∆pmtA, An∆pmtB, and An∆pmtC. An∆pmtA was resistant to both defensins, while An∆pmtC was resistant to NaD2 only, suggesting NaD1 and NaD2 are unlikely to have a general interaction with O-linked side chains. Further evidence of this difference in the antifungal mechanism was provided by the dissimilarity of the NaD1 and NaD2 sensitivities of the Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici (Fol signalling knockout mutants from the cell wall integrity (CWI and high osmolarity glycerol (HOG mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK pathways. HOG pathway mutants were sensitive to both NaD1 and NaD2, while CWI pathway mutants only displayed sensitivity to NaD2.

Glutamate Water Gates in the Ion Binding Pocket of Na(+) Bound Na(+), K(+)-ATPase

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Han, Minwoo; Kopec, Wojciech; Solov'yov, Ilia A

2017-01-01

III is always protonated. Glutamic acid residues in the three binding sites act as water gates, and their deprotonation triggers water entry to the binding sites. From DFT calculations of Na(+) binding energies, we conclude that three protons in the binding site are needed to effectively bind Na......The dynamically changing protonation states of the six acidic amino acid residues in the ion binding pocket of the Na(+), K(+) -ATPase (NKA) during the ion transport cycle are proposed to drive ion binding, release and possibly determine Na(+) or K(+) selectivity. We use molecular dynamics (MD......(+) from water and four are needed to release them in the next step. Protonation of Asp926 in site III will induce Na(+) release, and Glu327, Glu954 and Glu779 are all likely to be protonated in the Na(+) bound occluded conformation. Our data provides key insights into the role of protons in the Na...

Studi Iklan Axe Versi “Axe University”

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Mutia Rahmi Pratiwi

2016-02-01

Full Text Available Abstrak Komunikasi antara laki-laki dan perempuan menjadi bagian yang menarik untuk ditelisik lebih dalam kajian ilmu komunikasi interpersonal. Laki-laki memiliki trik-trik untuk mendekati perempuan dan hal ini dibahas secara menarik dalam iklan AXE. Inilah tema besar yang diangkat oleh AXE dalam versi iklan “Axe University” di media online (Youtube. Konsep iklan ini adalah diadakannya tiga sesi perkuliahan, yaitu: perkuliahan biologi, psikologi dan bahasa. Terdapat tiga orang perempuan seksi yang berperan sebagai dosen, yaitu: Nadine Alexandra, Zivanna Letisha dan Laras Moncha. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menjawab pertanyaan apakah pesan dalam iklan “AXE University” diterima dengan baik oleh audiens. Penelitian ini merupakan studi deskriptif dengan menggunakan teknik indept interview kepada 5 orang pengguna AXE. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa kehadiran perempuan seksi yang berperan sebagai dosen dalam iklan “AXE University” justru tidak mendukung pesan iklan yang disampaikan dan para narasumber merasa terganggu dengan bahasa non verbal yang ditunjukan oleh para perempuan seksi (dosen. Kata Kunci: Iklan, AXE University, Komunikasi Interpersonal Abstract Communication between men and women become interesting topic in field of interpersonal communication. Men are considered to have some tricks to get women’s attention, and it is shown by AXE advertisement. The best appointed theme is “Axe University” which has loaded in Youtube. This advertisement uses three concept; biology class, psychology class, and language class. Three sexy girls act as lecturer named Nadine Alexandra, Zivanna Letisha and Laras Moncha. The aim of this research is to answer are the message of "AXE University" receivable by the audience or not. This research uses a descriptive study using indepth interview techniques to 5 users AXE. The results showed that the presence of a sexy woman who acted as a lecturer in "AXE University" did not support the

NA62 and NA48/2 results on search for Heavy Neutral Leptons

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Lamanna Gianluca

2018-01-01

Full Text Available In this paper we present new results on upper limits for the search of Heavy Neutral Leptons (HNL with data collected by NA48/2 (2003-2004, NA62-RK (2007 and NA62 (2015 CERN experiments. The data collected with different trigger configuration allow to search for both long and short living heavy neutrinos in the mass range below the kaon mass. In addition the status of the search for K+ → π+vv with the NA62 detector will be briefly presented.

HERPES ZOSTER KRURIS DEXTRA: LAPORAN KASUS

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I Gede Agus Bhakti Suputra

2014-09-01

Full Text Available Herpes zoster adalah manifestasi klinis karena reaktivasi virus varisela zoster (VZV. Karakteristik penyakit ini ditandai dengan adanya ruam vesikular unilateral yang berkelompok dengan nyeri yang radikular sekitar dermatom. Dilaporkan kasus seorang laki-laki 45 tahun, diagnosis herpes zoster kruris dextra, gambaran klinis berupa vesikel bergerombol multipel, berbentuk bulat, dengan ukuran 0,3-0,5 cm diatas kulit eritematosus, unilateral, tidak menyilang garis tengah, umur vesikel dalam satu gerombolan sama, tetapi dengan gerombolan yang lain tidak sama, kulit diantara gerombolan normal. Pemeriksaan penunjang tes Tzank, hasilnya negatif dengan tidak ditemukannya sel giant multinukleat. Pengobatan diberikan asiklovir 5x800 mg per hari diminum secara oral selama 7 hari, bedak salisil 1% dan mentol 0,5 % dioleskan dua kali sehari pada lesi kering. Prognosis pasien baik.  

PENINGKATKAN KEAKTIFAN DAN HASIL BELAJAR SISWA KELAS VIII PADA MATERI SISTEM PERSAMAAN LINEAR DUA VARIABEL DENGAN PEMBELAJARAN KOOPERATIF TGT

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Wawan Suseno

2017-10-01

Berdasarkan pengalaman mengajar di SMPN 01 Bang Haji, ternyata masih banyak yang mengalami kesulitan dalam memahami persamaan linear dua variabel. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan hasil belajar siswa dan keaktifan siswa belajar di dalam kelas. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian tindakan kelas (PTK dengan dua siklus, siklus I terdiri atas 9 pertemuan, dan siklus II 6 pertemuan. Subjek penelitian adalah 24 orang siswa kelas VIII, 6 orang laki-laki, dan 18 orang perempuan. Kegiatan penelitian pada tanggal 16 Januari sampai 17 Maret 2017. Kegiatan pembelajaran dengan menerapkan pembelajaran kooperatif tipe TGT. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penerapan pembelajaran kooperatif tipe TGT telah terlaksana dengan sangat baik, keaktifan belajar siswa yang diperoleh dari hasil observasi dan angket berada pada kategori tinggi dan baik, hasil belajar siswa mencapai 87,5 % dan telah mencapai nilai ≥ 70.

Hubungan Karakteristik, Pengetahuan, Dan Sikap Remaja Laki-Laki Terhadap Kebiasaan Merokok Di SMU Parulian 1 Medan Tahun 2009

OpenAIRE

Purba, Yuni Christinawaty

2009-01-01

Cigarette is output of tobacco processin packed include cigar or the other shape, tobacco contains about 4000 elements and 200 among them danger for health, for example are tar, nicotine, and CO. Senior High School student is adolescent group and in growprocess, some times they like to try somethings example smoking. This research is analityc with deisgn crosssecsional. Data analyse using chi square test. All sample are 60 persons. This research purpose to analyse the relationship adolesce...

Transmural gradients in Na/K pump activity and [Na+]I in canine ventricle.

Science.gov (United States)

Gao, J; Wang, W; Cohen, I S; Mathias, R T

2005-09-01

There are well-documented differences in ion channel activity and action potential shape between epicardial (EPI), midmyocardial (MID), and endocardial (ENDO) ventricular myocytes. The purpose of this study was to determine if differences exist in Na/K pump activity. The whole cell patch-clamp was used to measure Na/K pump current (I(P)) and inward background Na(+)-current (I(inb)) in cells isolated from canine left ventricle. All currents were normalized to membrane capacitance. I(P) was measured as the current blocked by a saturating concentration of dihydro-ouabain. [Na(+)](i) was measured using SBFI-AM. I(P)(ENDO) (0.34 +/- 0.04 pA/pF, n = 17) was smaller than I(P)(EPI) (0.68 +/- 0.09 pA/pF, n = 38); the ratio was 0.50 with I(P)(MID) being intermediate (0.53 +/- 0.13 pA/pF, n = 19). The dependence of I(P) on [Na(+)](i) or voltage was essentially identical in EPI and ENDO (half-maximal activation at 9-10 mM [Na(+)](i) or approximately -90 mV). Increasing [K(+)](o) from 5.4 to 15 mM caused both I(P)(ENDO) and I(P)(EPI) to increase, but the ratio remained approximately 0.5. I(inb) in EPI and ENDO were nearly identical ( approximately 0.6 pA/pF). Physiological [Na(+)](i) was lower in EPI (7 +/- 2 mM, n = 31) than ENDO (12 +/- 3 mM, n = 29), with MID being intermediate (9 +/- 3 mM, n = 22). When cells were paced at 2 Hz, [Na(+)](i) increased but the differences persisted (ENDO 14 +/- 3 mM, n = 10; EPI 9 +/- 2 mM, n = 10; and MID intermediate, 11 +/- 2 mM, n = 9). Based on these results, the larger I(P) in EPI appears to reflect a higher maximum turnover rate, which implies either a larger number of active pumps or a higher turnover rate per pump protein. The transmural gradient in [Na(+)](i) means physiological I(P) is approximately uniform across the ventricular wall, whereas transporters that utilize the transmembrane electrochemical gradient for Na(+), such as Na/Ca exchange, have a larger driving force in EPI than ENDO.

Reactions of metal oxides with molten NaPO3 + NaCl mixtures

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Kovarskaya, E.N.; Mityakhina, V.S.; Rodionov, Yu.I.; Silin, M.Yu.

1988-01-01

We consider the dissolution mechanism for iron (III), europium(III), and tin(IV) oxides in molten NaPO 3 + NaCl that are responsible for the peak solubilities. We chose Fe 2 O 3 as the basic material since this occurs in large amounts around damaged metal structures in rock salt mines in a proposed zone for storing vitrified radioactive wastes. Solubility measurement and paper chromatography show that Fe 2 O 3 dissolves in molten NaPO 3 + NaCl in air by reaction with the solvent to give double iron and sodium diphosphates and monophosphates in accordance with the initial solution-in-the-melt composition, the degree of equilibration, and the temperature. The elevated solubilities for initial NaCl contents close to 30 mole % are due to sodium triphosphates and tricyclophosphates present in these melts. Moessbauer spectroscopy confirms that double iron, europium and tin diphosphates and monophosphates containing sodium occur in these chloride-polyphosphate melts

Na(+),K (+)-ATPase as a docking station: protein-protein complexes of the Na(+),K (+)-ATPase.

Science.gov (United States)

Reinhard, Linda; Tidow, Henning; Clausen, Michael J; Nissen, Poul

2013-01-01

The Na(+),K(+)-ATPase, or sodium pump, is well known for its role in ion transport across the plasma membrane of animal cells. It carries out the transport of Na(+) ions out of the cell and of K(+) ions into the cell and thus maintains electrolyte and fluid balance. In addition to the fundamental ion-pumping function of the Na(+),K(+)-ATPase, recent work has suggested additional roles for Na(+),K(+)-ATPase in signal transduction and biomembrane structure. Several signaling pathways have been found to involve Na(+),K(+)-ATPase, which serves as a docking station for a fast-growing number of protein interaction partners. In this review, we focus on Na(+),K(+)-ATPase as a signal transducer, but also briefly discuss other Na(+),K(+)-ATPase protein-protein interactions, providing a comprehensive overview of the diverse signaling functions ascribed to this well-known enzyme.

Characterization of Na+-linked and Na+-independent Cl-/HCO3- exchange systems in Chinese hamster lung fibroblasts

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Cassel, D.; Scharf, O.; Rotman, M.; Cragoe, E.J. Jr.; Katz, M.

1988-01-01

The PS120 variant of Chinese hamster lung fibroblasts which lacks Na + /H + exchange activity was used to investigate bicarbonate transport systems and their role in intracellular pH (pH/sub i/) regulation. When pH/sub i/ was decreased by acid load, bicarbonate caused pH/sub i/ increase and stimulated 36 Cl - efflux from the cells, both in a Na + -dependent manner. These results together with previous findings that bicarbonate stimulates 22 Na + uptake in PS120 cells demonstrate the presence of a Na + -linked Cl - /HCO 3 - exchange system. In cells with normal initial pH/sub i/, bicarbonate caused Na + -independent pH/sub i/ increase in Cl - -free solutions and stimulated Na + -independent 36 Cl - efflux, indicating that a Na + -independent Cl - /HCO 3 - exchanger is also present in the cell. Na + -linked and Na + -independent Cl - /HCO 3- exchange is apparently mediated by two distinct systems, since a [(tetrahydrofluorene-7-yl)oxy]acetic acid derivative selectively inhibits the Na + -independent exchanger. An additional distinctive features is a 10-fold lower affinity for chloride of the Na + -linked exchanger. The Na + -linked and Na + -independent Cl - /HCO 3 - exchange systems are likely to protect the cell from acid and alkaline load, respectively

Na/K Pump and Beyond: Na/K-ATPase as a Modulator of Apoptosis and Autophagy

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Cassiano Felippe Gonçalves-de-Albuquerque

2017-04-01

Full Text Available Lung cancer is a leading cause of global cancer deaths. Na/K-ATPase has been studied as a target for cancer treatment. Cardiotonic steroids (CS trigger intracellular signalling upon binding to Na/K-ATPase. Normal lung and tumour cells frequently express different pump isoforms. Thus, Na/K-ATPase is a powerful target for lung cancer treatment. Drugs targeting Na/K-ATPase may induce apoptosis and autophagy in transformed cells. We argue that Na/K-ATPase has a role as a potential target in chemotherapy in lung cancer treatment. We discuss the effects of Na/K-ATPase ligands and molecular pathways inducing deleterious effects on lung cancer cells, especially those leading to apoptosis and autophagy.

Na/K Pump and Beyond: Na/K-ATPase as a Modulator of Apoptosis and Autophagy.

Science.gov (United States)

Felippe Gonçalves-de-Albuquerque, Cassiano; Ribeiro Silva, Adriana; Ignácio da Silva, Camila; Caire Castro-Faria-Neto, Hugo; Burth, Patrícia

2017-04-21

Lung cancer is a leading cause of global cancer deaths. Na/K-ATPase has been studied as a target for cancer treatment. Cardiotonic steroids (CS) trigger intracellular signalling upon binding to Na/K-ATPase. Normal lung and tumour cells frequently express different pump isoforms. Thus, Na/K-ATPase is a powerful target for lung cancer treatment. Drugs targeting Na/K-ATPase may induce apoptosis and autophagy in transformed cells. We argue that Na/K-ATPase has a role as a potential target in chemotherapy in lung cancer treatment. We discuss the effects of Na/K-ATPase ligands and molecular pathways inducing deleterious effects on lung cancer cells, especially those leading to apoptosis and autophagy.

Subnitride chemistry: A first-principles study of the NaBa3N, Na5Ba3N, and Na16Ba6N phases

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Oliva, Josep M.

2005-01-01

An ab initio study on the electronic structure of the subnitrides NaBa 3 N, Na 5 Ba 3 N, and Na 16 Ba 6 N is performed for the first time. The NaBa 3 N and Na 5 Ba 3 N phases consist of infinite 1 ∞ [NBa 6/2 ] strands composed of face-sharing NBa 6 octahedra surrounded by a 'sea' of sodium atoms. The Na 16 Ba 6 N phase consist of discrete [NBa 6 ] octahedra arranged in a body-cubic fashion, surrounded by a 'sea' of sodium atoms. Our calculations suggest that the title subnitrides are metals. Analysis of the electronic structure shows partial interaction of N(2s) with Ba(5p) electrons in the lower energy region for NaBa 3 N and Na 5 Ba 3 N. However, no dispersion is observed for the N(2s) and Ba(5p) bands in the cubic phase Na 16 Ba 6 N. The metallic band below the Fermi level shows a strong mixing of N(2p), Ba(6s), Ba(5d), Ba(6p), Na(3s) and Na(3p) orbitals. The metallic character in these nitrides stems from delocalized electrons corresponding to hybridized 5d l 6s m 6p n barium orbitals which interact with hybridized 3s n 3p m sodium orbitals. Analysis of the electron density and electronic structure in these nitrides shows two different regions: a metallic matrix corresponding to the sodium atoms and the regions around them and heteropolar bonding between nitrogen and barium within the infinite 1 ∞ [NBa 6/2 ] strands of the NaBa 3 N and Na 5 Ba 3 N phases, and within the isolated [NBa 6 ] octahedra of the Na 16 Ba 6 N phase. The nitrogen atoms inside the strands and octahedra are negatively charged, the anionic character of nitrogens being larger in the isolated octahedra of the cubic phase Na 16 Ba 6 N, due to the lack of electron delocalization along one direction as opposed to the other phases. The sodium and barium atoms appear to be slightly negatively and positively charged, the latter to a larger extent. From the computed Ba-N overlap populations as well as the analysis of the contour maps of differences between total density and superposition of

WPŁYW WIEKU NA WYTRZYMAŁOŚĆ NA ŚCISKANIE BETONU MODYFIKOWANEGO DODATKIEM METAKAOLINITU

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Janusz KONKOL

Full Text Available W artykule przedstawiono wyniki badań wytrzymałości na ściskanie betonów modyfikowanych dodatkiem metakaolinitu po 2, 3, 7, 14, 28 i 56 dniach dojrzewania. Dodatek metakaolinitu użyto jako częściowy substytut cementu, dokonując wymiany 10% masy cementu na metakaolinit. Udział ten uznawany jest za optymalny z uwagi na inne niż wytrzymałość na ściskanie właściwości betonu, w tym trwałość betonu modyfikowanego metakaolinitem. Badania przeprowadzono także dla betonu tła, betonu bez dodatku metakaolinitu. Betony wykonano przy założeniu stałego stosunku woda/spoiwo, względnie woda/cement wynoszącego 0,45 oraz przy użyciu cementu portlandzkiego CEM I 32,5R, piasku kwarcowego frakcji do 2 mm oraz grysu bazaltowego frakcji do 16 mm. W celu uzyskania pożądanej konsystencji mieszanki betonowej zastosowano upłynniacz na bazie estrów polikarboksylowych. Uzyskane rezultaty badań potwierdziły wysoką aktywność pucolanową metakaolinitu już we wczesnym okresie dojrzewania betonu. W okresie między 3 a 7 dniem dojrzewania stwierdzono wolniejszy przyrost wytrzymałości na ściskanie w betonie niemodyfikowanym metakaolinitem, podczas gdy w betonie, w którym 10% masy cementu zastąpiono metakaolinitem uwidocznił się znaczący przyrost wytrzymałości na ściskanie. Po 2 dniach dojrzewania wytrzymałość na ściskanie betonu tła była nieznacznie wyższa od wytrzymałości na ściskanie betonu modyfikowanego. Korzystny wpływ dodatku metakaolinitu wynikający z jego wysokiej aktywności pucolanowej, jak również z uszczelniającego charakteru tego dodatku obserwowano jest zwłaszcza w okresie między 3 a 14 dniem dojrzewania. W tym okresie obserwowano znaczny przyrost wytrzymałości na ściskanie betonu modyfikowanego w porównaniu z wytrzymałością na ściskanie betonu tła. Po 7 i 14 dniach dojrzewania stwierdzono odpowiednio prawie 25% i 21% wzrost wytrzymałości na ściskanie na skutek użycia metakaolinitu.

Teratological studies of DTPA-CaNa3, DTPA-ZnNa3 and quinamic acid in mice

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Luo Meichu; Ruan Tianming; Tong Shungao

1989-01-01

DTPA-CaNa 3 , DTPA-ZnNa 3 and quinamic acid are effective chelating agents for removing actinide elements from the body. In this experiment, different doses of DTPA-CaNa 3 , DTPA-ZnNa 3 and quinamic acid were given to mice on gestation days 6-10. Eight groups of mice received 0.8 and 2.0 mM/kg of DTPA-CaNa 3 , 3.8, 7.6, and 11.4 mM/kg of DTPA-ZnNa 3 and 0.42, 2.1, and 4.2 mM/kg of quinamic acid. Hypetonic saline and isotonic saline were given to two control groups. DTPA-CaNa 3 and quinamidic acid were found to be much more toxic to fetus of mice than DTPA-ZnNa 3 . When the doses of DTPA-CaMa 3 and quinamidic acid were 20 times higher than the human dose, the number of resorbed fetus was increased and the number and weight of live fetus were reduced. The result of injection with 7.6 mM/kg (200 times of human dose)DTPA-ZnNa 3 and that of injection with isotonic saline are the same. Therefore, we suggest that the DTPA-CaNa 3 and quinamidic acid should not be given to pregnant woman, if chelation therapy is needed, while the much safer DTPA-ZnNa 3 could be used

Na-ion dynamics in Quasi-1D compound NaV2O4

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Månsson, M; Umegaki, I; Nozaki, H; Higuchi, Y; Sugiyama, J; Kawasaki, I; Watanabe, I; Sakurai, H

2014-01-01

We have used the pulsed muon source at ISIS to study high-temperature Na-ion dynamics in the quasi-one-dimensional (Q1D) metallic antiferromagnet NaV 2 O 4 . By performing systematic zero-field and longitudinal-field measurements as a function of temperature we clearly distinguish that the hopping rate increases exponentially above T diff ≈ 250 K. The data is well fitted to an Arrhenius type equation typical for a diffusion process, showing that the Na-ions starts to be mobile above T diff . Such results make this compound very interesting for the tuning of Q1D magnetism using atomic-scale ion-texturing through the periodic potential from ordered Na-vacancies. Further, it also opens the door to possible use of NaV 2 O 4 and related compounds in energy related applications

O Passeio Público do Rio de Janeiro na Literatura, na Pintura e na Fotografia do Século XIX

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Solange de Aragão

2012-06-01

Full Text Available Este artigo tem como objetivo geral e mais amplo chamar a atenção dos pesquisadores para a importância da literatura, da pintura e da fotografia como fontes documentais para a construção da História do Paisagismo no Brasil por meio de um estudo de caso muito particular: o Passeio Público do Rio de Janeiro no século XIX. São objetivos específicos apresentar e analisar o modo como esse espaço livre público aparece na literatura, na pintura e na fotografia desse período, considerando suas transformações paisagísticas.

Solubility of NaNd(CO3)2.6H2O(c) in concentrated Na2CO3 and NaHCO3 solutions

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Rao, L.; Rai, D.; Felmy, A.R.; Fulton, R.W.; Novak, C.F.

1996-01-01

NaNd(CO 3 ) 2 x 6 H 2 O(c) was identified to be the final equilibrium solid phase in suspensions containing concentrated sodium carbonate (0.1 to 2.0 M) and sodium bicarbonate (0.1 to 1.0 M), with either NaNd(CO 3 ) 2 x 6 H 2 O(c) or Nd 2 (CO 3 ) 3 x xH 2 O(s) as initial solids. A thermodynamic model, based on Pitzer's specific into-interaction approach, was developed to interpret the solubility of NaNd(CO 3 ) 2 x 6 H 2 O(c) as functions of sodium carbonate and sodium bicarbonate concentrations. In this model, the solubility data of NaNd(CO 3 ) 2 x 6 H 2 O(c) were explained by assuming the formation of NdCO 3 + , Nd(CO 3 ) 2 - and Nd(CO 3 ) 3 3- species and invoking the specific ion interactions between Na + and Nd(CO 3 ) 3 3- . Ion interaction parameters for Na + -Nd(CO 3 ) 3 3- were developed to fit the solubility data. Based on the model calculations, Nd(CO 3 ) 3 3- was the predominant aqueous neodymium species in 0.1 to 2 M sodium carbonate and 0.1 to 1 M sodium bicarbonate solutions. The logarithm of the NaNd(CO 3 ) 2 x 6 H 2 O solubility product (NaNd(CO 3 ) 2 x 6 H 2 O(c)=Na + +Nd 3+ +2 CO 3 2- +6 H 2 O) was calculated to be -21.39. This model also provided satisfactory interpretation of the solubility data of the analogous Am(III) system in less concentrated carbonate and bicarbonate solutions. (orig.)

Mechanism of μ-conotoxin PIIIA binding to the voltage-gated Na+ channel NaV1.4.

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Rong Chen

Full Text Available Several subtypes of voltage-gated Na+ (NaV channels are important targets for pain management. μ-Conotoxins isolated from venoms of cone snails are potent and specific blockers of different NaV channel isoforms. The inhibitory effect of μ-conotoxins on NaV channels has been examined extensively, but the mechanism of toxin specificity has not been understood in detail. Here the known structure of μ-conotoxin PIIIA and a model of the skeletal muscle channel NaV1.4 are used to elucidate elements that contribute to the structural basis of μ-conotoxin binding and specificity. The model of NaV1.4 is constructed based on the crystal structure of the bacterial NaV channel, NaVAb. Six different binding modes, in which the side chain of each of the basic residues carried by the toxin protrudes into the selectivity filter of NaV1.4, are examined in atomic detail using molecular dynamics simulations with explicit solvent. The dissociation constants (Kd computed for two selected binding modes in which Lys9 or Arg14 from the toxin protrudes into the filter of the channel are within 2 fold; both values in close proximity to those determined from dose response data for the block of NaV currents. To explore the mechanism of PIIIA specificity, a double mutant of NaV1.4 mimicking NaV channels resistant to μ-conotoxins and tetrodotoxin is constructed and the binding of PIIIA to this mutant channel examined. The double mutation causes the affinity of PIIIA to reduce by two orders of magnitude.

Muscle K+, Na+, and Cl- disturbances and Na+-K+ pump inactivation: implications for fatigue

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

McKenna, Michael J; Bangsbo, Jens; Renaud, Jean-Marc

2008-01-01

(+)-ATPase activity during exercise stabilizes Na(+) and K(+) concentration gradients and membrane excitability and thus protects against fatigue. However, during intense contraction some Na(+)-K(+) pumps are inactivated and together with further ionic disturbances, likely precipitate muscle fatigue.......Membrane excitability is a critical regulatory step in skeletal muscle contraction and is modulated by local ionic concentrations, conductances, ion transporter activities, temperature, and humoral factors. Intense fatiguing contractions induce cellular K(+) efflux and Na(+) and Cl(-) influx......, causing pronounced perturbations in extracellular (interstitial) and intracellular K(+) and Na(+) concentrations. Muscle interstitial K(+) concentration may increase 1- to 2-fold to 11-13 mM and intracellular K(+) concentration fall by 1.3- to 1.7-fold; interstitial Na(+) concentration may decline by 10 m...

Petrography, trace element geochemistry, and dolomitization model - Jhimpir dolomite, Sindh, Pakistan

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Naseem, S.; Sheikh, S.A.

2004-01-01

Dolomites of Jhimpir area have been examined petrographically and geochemically to observe and characterize the process and extent of dolomitization. These are petrographically classified as calcitic dolomite and dolomitic limestones. The texture of dolomite is idiotopic. Most of the dolomite rhombohedrons are fine to medium gained and zoned. The replacement of biomicritic carbonate rocks (Laki Limestone of Early Eocene age) by Mg and Fe-rich solutions is observed in thin section. Major and trace elements have been analyzed in order to assess the compatibility of these elements with dolomite. The average MgO content in the samples close to small fault is between 16 and 17 % and decreases from the fault outwards, down to 5 to 4 %. The Fe, Mn, Na and K contents exhibit a positive correlation with increasing dolomitization, whereas, it correlates inversely with Sr. This paper provides evidence that the dolomites of the Jhimpir area are derived from epigenetic replacement. (author)

Route, mechanism, and implications of proton import during Na+/K+ exchange by native Na+/K+-ATPase pumps

Science.gov (United States)

Vedovato, Natascia

2014-01-01

A single Na+/K+-ATPase pumps three Na+ outwards and two K+ inwards by alternately exposing ion-binding sites to opposite sides of the membrane in a conformational sequence coupled to pump autophosphorylation from ATP and auto-dephosphorylation. The larger flow of Na+ than K+ generates outward current across the cell membrane. Less well understood is the ability of Na+/K+ pumps to generate an inward current of protons. Originally noted in pumps deprived of external K+ and Na+ ions, as inward current at negative membrane potentials that becomes amplified when external pH is lowered, this proton current is generally viewed as an artifact of those unnatural conditions. We demonstrate here that this inward current also flows at physiological K+ and Na+ concentrations. We show that protons exploit ready reversibility of conformational changes associated with extracellular Na+ release from phosphorylated Na+/K+ pumps. Reversal of a subset of these transitions allows an extracellular proton to bind an acidic side chain and to be subsequently released to the cytoplasm. This back-step of phosphorylated Na+/K+ pumps that enables proton import is not required for completion of the 3 Na+/2 K+ transport cycle. However, the back-step occurs readily during Na+/K+ transport when external K+ ion binding and occlusion are delayed, and it occurs more frequently when lowered extracellular pH raises the probability of protonation of the externally accessible carboxylate side chain. The proton route passes through the Na+-selective binding site III and is distinct from the principal pathway traversed by the majority of transported Na+ and K+ ions that passes through binding site II. The inferred occurrence of Na+/K+ exchange and H+ import during the same conformational cycle of a single molecule identifies the Na+/K+ pump as a hybrid transporter. Whether Na+/K+ pump–mediated proton inflow may have any physiological or pathophysiological significance remains to be clarified. PMID

Route, mechanism, and implications of proton import during Na+/K+ exchange by native Na+/K+-ATPase pumps.

Science.gov (United States)

Vedovato, Natascia; Gadsby, David C

2014-04-01

A single Na(+)/K(+)-ATPase pumps three Na(+) outwards and two K(+) inwards by alternately exposing ion-binding sites to opposite sides of the membrane in a conformational sequence coupled to pump autophosphorylation from ATP and auto-dephosphorylation. The larger flow of Na(+) than K(+) generates outward current across the cell membrane. Less well understood is the ability of Na(+)/K(+) pumps to generate an inward current of protons. Originally noted in pumps deprived of external K(+) and Na(+) ions, as inward current at negative membrane potentials that becomes amplified when external pH is lowered, this proton current is generally viewed as an artifact of those unnatural conditions. We demonstrate here that this inward current also flows at physiological K(+) and Na(+) concentrations. We show that protons exploit ready reversibility of conformational changes associated with extracellular Na(+) release from phosphorylated Na(+)/K(+) pumps. Reversal of a subset of these transitions allows an extracellular proton to bind an acidic side chain and to be subsequently released to the cytoplasm. This back-step of phosphorylated Na(+)/K(+) pumps that enables proton import is not required for completion of the 3 Na(+)/2 K(+) transport cycle. However, the back-step occurs readily during Na(+)/K(+) transport when external K(+) ion binding and occlusion are delayed, and it occurs more frequently when lowered extracellular pH raises the probability of protonation of the externally accessible carboxylate side chain. The proton route passes through the Na(+)-selective binding site III and is distinct from the principal pathway traversed by the majority of transported Na(+) and K(+) ions that passes through binding site II. The inferred occurrence of Na(+)/K(+) exchange and H(+) import during the same conformational cycle of a single molecule identifies the Na(+)/K(+) pump as a hybrid transporter. Whether Na(+)/K(+) pump-mediated proton inflow may have any physiological or

Growth mechanism of NaClO 3 and NaBrO 3 crystals from aqueous ...

Indian Academy of Sciences (India)

A study of growth rates of NaClO3 and NaBrO3 has been carried out using a small growth cell by in situ observation. Normal growth rates of {100} faces of NaClO3 and {111} faces of NaBrO3 along ⟨ 110 ⟩ direction are measured under relatively high supersaturation ranging from 3–8%. In the initial stages of growth, {100}, ...

Rescue of Na+ affinity in aspartate 928 mutants of Na+,K+-ATPase by secondary mutation of glutamate 314.

Science.gov (United States)

Holm, Rikke; Einholm, Anja P; Andersen, Jens P; Vilsen, Bente

2015-04-10

The Na(+),K(+)-ATPase binds Na(+) at three transport sites denoted I, II, and III, of which site III is Na(+)-specific and suggested to be the first occupied in the cooperative binding process activating phosphorylation from ATP. Here we demonstrate that the asparagine substitution of the aspartate associated with site III found in patients with rapid-onset dystonia parkinsonism or alternating hemiplegia of childhood causes a dramatic reduction of Na(+) affinity in the α1-, α2-, and α3-isoforms of Na(+),K(+)-ATPase, whereas other substitutions of this aspartate are much less disruptive. This is likely due to interference by the amide function of the asparagine side chain with Na(+)-coordinating residues in site III. Remarkably, the Na(+) affinity of site III aspartate to asparagine and alanine mutants is rescued by second-site mutation of a glutamate in the extracellular part of the fourth transmembrane helix, distant to site III. This gain-of-function mutation works without recovery of the lost cooperativity and selectivity of Na(+) binding and does not affect the E1-E2 conformational equilibrium or the maximum phosphorylation rate. Hence, the rescue of Na(+) affinity is likely intrinsic to the Na(+) binding pocket, and the underlying mechanism could be a tightening of Na(+) binding at Na(+) site II, possibly via movement of transmembrane helix four. The second-site mutation also improves Na(+),K(+) pump function in intact cells. Rescue of Na(+) affinity and Na(+) and K(+) transport by second-site mutation is unique in the history of Na(+),K(+)-ATPase and points to new possibilities for treatment of neurological patients carrying Na(+),K(+)-ATPase mutations. © 2015 by The American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Inc.

The system NaVO3-Na2WO4-Na2W2O7

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Kazanbekov, V.R.; Gasanaliev, A.M.; Kazanbekov, R.G.

1994-01-01

Phase diagrams of sodium metavanadate-sodium ditungstate, sodium metavanadate-sodium tungstate systems and surface of primary crystallization of sodium metavabadate-sodium tungstate-sodium ditungstate system were studied. The system sodium metavanadate-sodium ditungstate is eutectic one. Compound NaVO 3 x2Na 2 WO 4 is formed in solid state in sodium metavanadate-sodium tungstate system. Liquidus surface of sodium metavanadate-sodium tungstate-sodium ditungstate is presented by three crystallization fields of initial components. Composition and melting point of ternary eutectics are determined

Summer sudden Na number density enhancements measured with the ALOMAR Weber Na Lidar

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

D. Heinrich

2008-05-01

Full Text Available We present summer Na-densities and atmospheric temperatures measured 80 to 110 km above the Arctic Lidar Observatory for Middle Atmosphere Research (ALOMAR. The Weber Na Lidar is part of ALOMAR, located at 69° N in Norway, 150 km north of the Arctic Circle. The sun does not set here during the summer months, and measurements require a narrowband Faraday Anomalous Dispersion Optical Filter (FADOF.

We discuss an observed sudden enhancement in the Na number density around 22:00 UT on 1 to 2 June 2006. We compare this observation with previous summer measurements and find a frequent appearance of Na number density enhancements near local midnight. We describe the time of appearance, the altitude distribution, the duration and the strength of these enhancements and compare them to winter observations. We investigate possible formation mechanisms and, as others before, we find a strong link between these Na number density enhancements and sporadic E layers.

Summer sudden Na number density enhancements measured with the ALOMAR Weber Na Lidar

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

D. Heinrich

2008-05-01

Full Text Available We present summer Na-densities and atmospheric temperatures measured 80 to 110 km above the Arctic Lidar Observatory for Middle Atmosphere Research (ALOMAR. The Weber Na Lidar is part of ALOMAR, located at 69° N in Norway, 150 km north of the Arctic Circle. The sun does not set here during the summer months, and measurements require a narrowband Faraday Anomalous Dispersion Optical Filter (FADOF. We discuss an observed sudden enhancement in the Na number density around 22:00 UT on 1 to 2 June 2006. We compare this observation with previous summer measurements and find a frequent appearance of Na number density enhancements near local midnight. We describe the time of appearance, the altitude distribution, the duration and the strength of these enhancements and compare them to winter observations. We investigate possible formation mechanisms and, as others before, we find a strong link between these Na number density enhancements and sporadic E layers.

Muziki wa Hip Hop na Haki Za Kijamii: Dhima, Changamoto na ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

Ni dhahiri kuwa haki za kijamii zinaweza kuwasilishwa kwa jamii pana kupitia sanaa ya hip hop. Makala haya basi, yanabainisha dhima na mchango wa muziki wa hip hop katika masuala ya haki za kijamii, yanafafanua changamoto za muziki huu katika kuwasilisha haki za kijamii na kutoa mapendekezo kwa makundi ...

Abuse of Islamic Law and Child Marriage in South-Sulawesi Indonesia

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Kasjim Salenda

2016-06-01

[Tulisan ini membahas kasus-kasus pernikahan anak di Sulawesi Selatan, termasuk persepsi masyarakat dan faktor-faktor pendukungnya diantaranya penggunaan dalil agama (Islam untuk membenarkan tindakan tersebut. Masyarakat memahami pernikahan anak sebagaimana tercantum dalam UU Pernikahan No. 1 Tahun 1974 bahwa pernikahan anak terjadi pada usia dibawah 19 tahun bagi laki-laki dan 16 tahun bagi perempuan dan atau mereka yang belum akil balig’. Beberapa factor dominan dalam pernikahan anak antara lain; norma adat lokal (‘siri, kehormatan keluarga dan kerabat, orangtua yang kurang terpelajar, beban ekonomi keluarga dan ketidakkonsisten penegakan peraturan. Pada dasarnya tidak ada ajaran Islam atau fiqih yang secara tegas mendukung pernikahan anak karena tujuan dari pernikahan dalam Islam adalah kebahagiaan dan keharmonisan hubungan antar suami istri. Menggunakan rujukan pernikahan Nabi Muhammad dengan Aisyah saat usia enam tahun merupakan perkara yang tidak bisa dibenarkan.

Sequential growth of sandwiched NaYF{sub 4}:Yb/Er@NaYF{sub 4}:Yb@NaNdF{sub 4}:Yb core–shell–shell nanoparticles for photodynamic therapy

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Peng, Huang-Yong; Ding, Bin-Bin; Ma, Yin-Chu [Department of Medical Materials and Rehabilitation Engineering, School of Medical Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009 (China); Sun, Shi-Qi [State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology and Key Laboratory of Animal Virology of Ministry of Agriculture, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Xujiaping 1, Lanzhou, Gansu 730046 (China); Tao, Wei [Department of Medical Materials and Rehabilitation Engineering, School of Medical Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009 (China); Guo, Yan-Chuan [Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190 (China); Guo, Hui-Chen, E-mail: ghch-2004@hotmail.com [State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology and Key Laboratory of Animal Virology of Ministry of Agriculture, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Xujiaping 1, Lanzhou, Gansu 730046 (China); Yang, Xian-Zhu, E-mail: yangxz@hftu.edu.cn [Department of Medical Materials and Rehabilitation Engineering, School of Medical Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009 (China); Qian, Hai-Sheng, E-mail: shqian@hfut.edu.cn [Department of Medical Materials and Rehabilitation Engineering, School of Medical Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009 (China)

2015-12-01

Graphical abstract: The monodisperse elliptical NaYF{sub 4}:Yb/Er@NaYF{sub 4}:Yb@NaNdF{sub 4}:Yb core–shell–shell nanoparticles have been synthesized successfully by a facile sequential growth process, which can be used as transducer for photodynamic therapy of cancer cells. - Highlights: • The NaYF{sub 4}:Yb/Er@NaYF{sub 4}:Yb@NaNdF{sub 4}:Yb nanoparticles have been fabricated successfully. • The as-prepared nanoparticles show strong fluorescence excited at 980 or 808 nm. • The nanoparticles were transferred into the aqueous phase via a facile process. • Photosensitizers were loaded into the composites for photodynamic therapy. - Abstract: Upconversion (UC) nanostructures have attracted much interest for their extensive biological applications. In this work, we describe a sequential synthetic route to prepare sandwiched NaYF{sub 4}:Yb/Er@NaYF{sub 4}:Yb@NaNdF{sub 4}:Yb core–shell upconversion nanoparticles. The as-prepared products were investigated by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM, JEM 2100F), respectively. The as-prepared core–shell nanoparticles of NaYF{sub 4}:Yb/Er@NaYF{sub 4}:Yb@NaNdF{sub 4}:Yb are composed of elliptical nanoparticles with a length of 80 nm and width of 42 nm, which show efficient upconversion fluorescence excited at 808 nm indicating the formation of core–shell–shell sandwiched nanostructures. In addition, the as-prepared sandwiched NaYF{sub 4}:Yb/Er@NaYF{sub 4}:Yb@NaNdF{sub 4}:Yb core–shell upconversion nanoparticles also show strong upconversion fluorescence excited at 980 nm. Amphiphilic mPEG{sub 2k}-b-PEBEP{sub 6K} copolymers (denoted as PPE) were chosen to transfer these hydrophobic UCNPs into the aqueous phase for biological application. In vitro photodynamic therapy of cancer cells show that the viability of cells incubated with the nanoparticles loaded with MC 540 was significantly lower as compared to the nanoparticles without photosensitizers exposed to NIR laser.

Intracellular Na+ regulation of Na+ pump sites in cultured vascular smooth muscle cells

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Allen, J.C.; Navran, S.S.; Seidel, C.L.; Dennison, D.K.; Amann, J.M.; Jemelka, S.K.

1989-01-01

Enzymatically dispersed cells from canine saphenous vein and femoral artery were grown in fetal calf serum and studied at day 0 (freshly dispersed) through confluence in primary culture. Intracellular Na levels (Nai), but not intracellular K (Ki), were increased after 24 h in culture and then decreased to a steady state by 4 days. Na+ pump site number [( 3 H] ouabain binding) increased through day 3 and remained elevated. Nai was still elevated at 2 days when the Na+ pump site number began to increase. Total pump turnover (maximum ouabain-inhibited 86 Rb uptake) reflected the increase in Na+ pump site number. These key events precede the observed increases in both protein production and cellular proliferation. If the same cells are maintained in defined medium, without fetal calf serum, Nai, Ki, and the number of [ 3 H]ouabain binding sites do not change with time. These data are consistent with the suggestion that the initial mitogenic response of vascular smooth muscle cells to fetal calf serum involves an increased Na+ influx, and a Nai accumulation, caused by low Na+ pump density. The synthesis of new pump sites effects a decrease in the accumulated Nai, which may be related to cell proliferation

On the Stability of NaO2 in Na-O2 Batteries.

Science.gov (United States)

Liu, Chenjuan; Carboni, Marco; Brant, William R; Pan, Ruijun; Hedman, Jonas; Zhu, Jiefang; Gustafsson, Torbjörn; Younesi, Reza

2018-04-25

Na-O 2 batteries are regarded as promising candidates for energy storage. They have higher energy efficiency, rate capability, and chemical reversibility than Li-O 2 batteries; in addition, sodium is cheaper and more abundant compared to lithium. However, inconsistent observations and instability of discharge products have inhibited the understanding of the working mechanism of this technology. In this work, we have investigated a number of factors that influence the stability of the discharge products. By means of in operando powder X-ray diffraction study, the influence of oxygen, sodium anode, salt, solvent, and carbon cathode were investigated. The Na metal anode and an ether-based solvent are the main factors that lead to the instability and decomposition of NaO 2 in the cell environment. This fundamental insight brings new information on the working mechanism of Na-O 2 batteries.

NaK handling and removal

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Desreumaux, J.; Rodriguez, G.; Guigon, A.; Verdelli, J.; Thomine, G.

1997-01-01

Sodium-potassium alloy is used in specific application in French Fast Breeder Reactors as: cold traps, NaK bubbler for argon purification, valves and also in experimental irradiation devices. lt has been preferred to sodium because it is liquid from + 7 deg. C for the most common peritectic alloy. After its use, NaK is considered as a hazardous waste (nuclear or not) due to its high reactivity with air and water. The most important risk remains in handling NaK systems which have not been operated for some time. The NaK will be covered with a crust of the superoxide K02 which is a strong oxidising agent. Thermodynamically, K02 will react with most organic material or metallic dust or swarfs and can also react with additional NaK to give sufficient heat to boil part of the NaK, resulting in a sudden increase in pressure and small explosions. We describe the formation given to experimenters in our Sodium School and the CEA's experience in treating specific devices for transportation, decanting of tanks, tank opening and NaK removal. (author)

Angiotensin II-induced hypertension increases plasma membrane Na pump activity by enhancing Na entry in rat thick ascending limbs.

Science.gov (United States)

Gonzalez-Vicente, Agustin; Garvin, Jeffrey L

2013-11-01

Thick ascending limbs (TAL) reabsorb 30% of the filtered NaCl load. Na enters the cells via apical Na-K-2Cl cotransporters and Na/H exchangers and exits via basolateral Na pumps. Chronic angiotensin II (ANG II) infusion increases net TAL Na transport and Na apical entry; however, little is known about its effects on the basolateral Na pump. We hypothesized that in rat TALs Na pump activity is enhanced by ANG II-infusion, a model of ANG II-induced hypertension. Rats were infused with 200 ng·kg(-1)·min(-1) ANG II or vehicle for 7 days, and TAL suspensions were obtained. We studied plasma membrane Na pump activity by measuring changes in 1) intracellular Na (Nai) induced by ouabain; and 2) ouabain-sensitive oxygen consumption (QO2). We found that the ouabain-sensitive rise in Nai in TALs from ANG II-infused rats was 12.8 ± 0.4 arbitrary fluorescent units (AFU)·mg(-1)·min(-1) compared with only 9.9 ± 1.1 AFU·mg(-1)·min(-1) in controls (P Na pump expression, the number of Na pumps in the plasma membrane, or the affinity for Na. When furosemide (1.1 mg·kg(-1)·day(-1)) was coinfused with ANG II, no increase in plasma membrane Na pump activity was observed. We concluded that in ANG II-induced hypertension Na pump activity is increased in the plasma membrane of TALs and that this increase is caused by the chronically enhanced Na entry occurring in this model.

Silicene for Na-ion battery applications

KAUST Repository

Zhu, Jiajie

2016-08-19

Na-ion batteries are promising candidates to replace Li-ion batteries in large scale applications because of the advantages in natural abundance and cost of Na. Silicene has potential as the anode in Li-ion batteries but so far has not received attention with respect to Na-ion batteries. In this context, freestanding silicene, a graphene-silicene-graphene heterostructure, and a graphene-silicene superlattice are investigated for possible application in Na-ion batteries, using first-principles calculations. The calculated Na capacities of 954mAh/g for freestanding silicene and 730mAh/g for the graphenesilicene superlattice (10% biaxial tensile strain) are highly competitive and potentials of >0.3 V against the Na/Na potential exceed the corresponding value of graphite. In addition, the diffusion barriers are predicted to be <0.3 eV.

Hydrolysis of Rice Straw Pretreated by Na2SO3 Over Fe-resin/NaCl

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YANG Hui

2017-05-01

Full Text Available To increase the conversion of rice straw(RS and the yield of products, we employed three methods, which were ultrasonic wave, steam explosion and Na2SO3 pretreatment to pretreat RS(the treated RS noted as CS-RS, ZQ-RS and Na2SO3-RS, respectively and found that Na2SO3 treatment was the best pretreatment method based on XRD, SEM, elemental analysis and content of cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin. The conversion of Na2SO3-RS and the yield of total reducing sugar(TRS and levulinic acid(LA were 97.3%, 29.6% and 13.5%, respectively by 10% Fe-resin in 3.3% NaCl solution under 200 ℃.

Na+/H+ and Na+/NH4+ exchange activities of zebrafish NHE3b expressed in Xenopus oocytes

Science.gov (United States)

Ito, Yusuke; Kato, Akira; Hirata, Taku; Hirose, Shigehisa

2014-01-01

Zebrafish Na+/H+ exchanger 3b (zNHE3b) is highly expressed in the apical membrane of ionocytes where Na+ is absorbed from ion-poor fresh water against a concentration gradient. Much in vivo data indicated that zNHE3b is involved in Na+ absorption but not leakage. However, zNHE3b-mediated Na+ absorption has not been thermodynamically explained, and zNHE3b activity has not been measured. To address this issue, we overexpressed zNHE3b in Xenopus oocytes and characterized its activity by electrophysiology. Exposure of zNHE3b oocytes to Na+-free media resulted in significant decrease in intracellular pH (pHi) and intracellular Na+ activity (aNai). aNai increased significantly when the cytoplasm was acidified by media containing CO2-HCO3− or butyrate. Activity of zNHE3b was inhibited by amiloride or 5-ethylisopropyl amiloride (EIPA). Although the activity was accompanied by a large hyperpolarization of ∼50 mV, voltage-clamp experiments showed that Na+/H+ exchange activity of zNHE3b is electroneutral. Exposure of zNHE3b oocytes to medium containing NH3/NH4+ resulted in significant decreases in pHi and aNai and significant increase in intracellular NH4+ activity, indicating that zNHE3b mediates the Na+/NH4+ exchange. In low-Na+ (0.5 mM) media, zNHE3b oocytes maintained aNai of 1.3 mM, and Na+-influx was observed when pHi was decreased by media containing CO2-HCO3− or butyrate. These results provide thermodynamic evidence that zNHE3b mediates Na+ absorption from ion-poor fresh water by its Na+/H+ and Na+/NH4+ exchange activities. PMID:24401990

The relation between aging, aortic NaF avidity and coronary artery NaF avidity: A NaF PET CT study

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Blomberg, Björn; Thomassen, Anders; Hildebrandt, Malene

2013-01-01

volunteers without traditional cardiovascular risk factors were prospectively assessed by Sodium 18-Fluoride (Na-18F) PET CT imaging. Global aortic uptake of Na-18F was determined by calculating the average aortic blood pool subtracted maximum standardized uptake value (cSUV) [maximum SUVaorta - mean...

Rescue of Na+ and H+ binding in Na+,K+-ATPase M8 aspartate mutants by secondary mutation

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Holm, Rikke; Einholm, Anja P.; Andersen, Jens Peter

A mutation replacing the aspartate in transmembrane segment M8 in the a3-isoform of Na,K-ATPase with asparagine has been found in patients with rapid-onset dystonia parkinsonism or alternating hemiplegia of childhood. This aspartate may be a critical Na+ coordinating residue, but the crystal......-isoforms of Na,K-ATPase, and much smaller effects were seen for other mutations to the M8 aspartate, which were less disruptive of Na+ binding than mutations to other residues related to Na+ site III. The D928 (rat a1 numbering) mutations strongly diminished the cooperativity of Na+ binding. Moreover the p......H optimum of Na,K-ATPase activity was left-shifted, again with D928N being most disruptive. The reduced affinity for activating Na+ and for inhibitory protons, caused by D928N and D928A mutations, could be rescued by introduction of an additional mutation of a glutamate located far away from D928....

Salinity tolerance in barley (hordeum vulgare l.): effects of varying NaCl, K/sup +/ Na/sup +/ and NaHCO/sub 3/ levels on cultivars differing in tolerance

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Mahmood, K.

2011-01-01

Although barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) is regarded as salt tolerant among crop plants, its growth and plant development is severely affected by ionic and osmotic stresses in salt-affected soils. To elucidate the tolerance mechanism, growth and ion uptake of three barley cultivars, differing in salt tolerance, were examined under different levels of NaCl, K/sup +/ Na/sup +/ and NaHCO/sub 3/ in the root medium. The cultivars differed greatly in their responses to varying root medium conditions. Plant growth was more adversely affected by NaHCO/sub 3/ than NaCl. In general, biomass yields were comparable under control and 100 mM NaCl. However, growth of all three cultivars was significantly inhibited by NaHCO/sub 3/ even at low concentration (10 mM). Improved K/sup +/ supply in saline medium increased K/sup +/ uptake and growth of less tolerant cultivars. K/sup +/ uptake was more adversely affected by NaHCO/sub 3/ than NaCl salinity. Selective K/sup +/ uptake and lower Cl/sup -/ in shoots seemed to be associated with the growth responses. K application would help better growth of these cultivars on K-deficient saline-sodic soils and under irrigation with poor quality water having high Residual Sodium Carbonate (RSC) and/or Sodium Adsorption Ratio (SAR). (author)

Glutathionylation-Dependence of Na+-K+-Pump Currents Can Mimic Reduced Subsarcolemmal Na+ Diffusion

OpenAIRE

Garcia, Alvaro; Liu, Chia-Chi; Cornelius, Flemming; Clarke, Ronald?J.; Rasmussen, Helge?H.

2016-01-01

The existence of a subsarcolemmal space with restricted diffusion for Na+ in cardiac myocytes has been inferred from a transient peak electrogenic Na+-K+ pump current beyond steady state on reexposure of myocytes to K+ after a period of exposure to K+-free extracellular solution. The transient peak current is attributed to enhanced electrogenic pumping of Na+ that accumulated in the diffusion-restricted space during pump inhibition in K+-free extracellular solution. However, there are no know...

Myocardial Na,K-ATPase: Clinical aspects

OpenAIRE

Kjeldsen, Keld

2003-01-01

The specific binding of digitalis glycosides to Na,K-ATPase is used as a tool for Na,K-ATPase quantification with high accuracy and precision. In myocardial biopsies from patients with heart failure, total Na,K-ATPase concentration is decreased by around 40%; a correlation exists between a decrease in heart function and a decrease in Na,K-ATPase concentration. During digitalization, around 30% of remaining pumps are occupied by digoxin. Myocardial Na,K-ATPase is also influenced by other drugs...

Down-Regulation of the Na+-Coupled Phosphate Transporter NaPi-IIa by AMP-Activated Protein Kinase

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Miribane Dërmaku-Sopjani

2013-11-01

Full Text Available Background/Aims: The Na+-coupled phosphate transporter NaPi-IIa is the main carrier accomplishing renal tubular phosphate reabsorption. It is driven by the electrochemical Na+ gradient across the apical cell membrane, which is maintained by Na+ extrusion across the basolateral cell membrane through the Na+/K+ ATPase. The operation of NaPi-IIa thus requires energy in order to avoid cellular Na+ accumulation and K+ loss with eventual decrease of cell membrane potential, Cl- entry and cell swelling. Upon energy depletion, early inhibition of Na+-coupled transport processes may delay cell swelling and thus foster cell survival. Energy depletion is sensed by the AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK, a serine/threonine kinase stimulating several cellular mechanisms increasing energy production and limiting energy utilization. The present study explored whether AMPK influences the activity of NAPi-IIa. Methods: cRNA encoding NAPi-IIa was injected into Xenopus oocytes with or without additional expression of wild-type AMPK (AMPKα1-HA+AMPKβ1-Flag+AMPKγ1-HA, of inactive AMPKαK45R (AMPKα1K45R+AMPKβ1-Flag+AMPKγ1-HA or of constitutively active AMPKγR70Q (AMPKα1-HA+AMPKβ1-Flag+AMPKγ1R70Q. NaPi-IIa activity was estimated from phosphate-induced current in dual electrode voltage clamp experiments. Results: In NaPi-IIa-expressing, but not in water-injected Xenopus oocytes, the addition of phosphate (1 mM to the extracellular bath solution generated a current (Ip, which was significantly decreased by coexpression of wild-type AMPK and of AMPKγR70Q but not of AMPKαK45R. The phosphate-induced current in NaPi-IIa- and AMPK-expressing Xenopus ooocytes was significantly increased by AMPK inhibitor Compound C (20 µM. Kinetic analysis revealed that AMPK significantly decreased the maximal transport rate. Conclusion: The AMP-activated protein kinase AMPK is a powerful regulator of NaPi-IIa and thus of renal tubular phosphate transport.

Thermodynamic study of NaFe complex oxides. High temperature properties of Na sub 5 FeO sub 4 and Na sub 3 FeO sub 3

CERN Document Server

Furukawa, T

2002-01-01

In order to contribute the investigation into corrosion mechanism of the structural materials by leakage sodium, thermodynamic study of Na-Fe complex oxides formed by the reactions was carried out. Na sub 5 FeO sub 4 and Na sub 3 FeO sub 3 were used as the sample. Its high temperature properties (i.e. melting, solidification and transformation) were observed by Differential Scanning Calorimetry, DSC. Moreover, the original test named 'melting point confirmation test' was performed for the observation of traces of melting and solidification after the tests. Following contents have been obtained by this study. (1) Na sub 5 FeO sub 4 was stably as the solid without phase transformation and melting until 800degC. However, the compound was showing a tendency to change into Na sub 4 FeO sub 3 with temperature increasing under the low oxygen potential. (2) The stability of Na sub 3 FeO sub 3 is the same as that of Na sub 5 FeO sub 4 until 700degC. Over the temperature, the compound was changed differential compound ...

Metallic Na formation in NaCl crystals with irradiation of electron or vacuum ultraviolet photon

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Owaki, Shigehiro [Osaka Prefecture Univ., Sakai, Osaka (Japan). Coll. of Integrated Arts and Sciences; Koyama, Shigeko; Takahashi, Masao; Kamada, Masao; Suzuki, Ryouichi

1997-03-01

Metallic Na was formed in NaCl single crystals with irradiation of a variety of radiation sources and analyzed the physical states with several methods. In the case of irradiation of 21 MeV electron pulses to the crystal blocks, the optical absorption and lifetime measurement of positron annihilation indicated appearance of Na clusters inside. Radiation effects of electron beam of 30 keV to the crystals in vacuum showed the appearance of not only metallic Na but atomic one during irradiation with Auger electron spectroscopy. Intense photon fluxes in vacuum ultraviolet region of synchrotron radiation were used as another source and an analyzing method of ultraviolet photoelectron spectroscopy. The results showed the metallic Na layered so thick that bulk plasmon can exist. (author)

CITRA PEREMPUAN DALAM IKLAN DI MAJALAH FEMINA EDISI TAHUN 1999 Kajian Semiotik Terhadap Nilai-nilai Gender Dalam Desain Iklan

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Martadi Martadi

2001-01-01

digambarkan dalam iklan tersebut%2C yaitu: citra perempuan sebagai pengurus utama keluarga citra perempuan sebagai pengemban tugas-tugas di dapur%2C citra perempuan yang selalu ingin tampil memikat%2C Citra perempuan yang selalu harus mengikuti pergaulan%2C citra perempuan sebagai obyek untuk menyenangkan (pemuas laki-laki. Pada beberapa iklan%2C masih memperlihatkan citra perempuan yang dipandang sebagai “obyek” untuk memuaskan kaum laki-laki%2C meskipun dalam iklan di majalah Femina citra tersebut digambarkan secara lebih halus (tersirat. Pada beberapa iklan masih memperlihatkan secara jelas adanya nilai-nilai gender lama yang masih mempertahankan penarikan garis batas yang jelas antara dunia laki-laki dengan dunia perempuan atau sekurang-kurangnya yang masih menganggap adanya ciri kodrati dari kedua jenis kelamin tersebut. Nilai-nilai gender baru dalam iklan tidak terlalu banyak ditampilkan. Beberapa nilai-nilai gender baru yang dicoba untuk dibangun yaitu perempuan digambarkan harus mengikuti perkembangan berita-berita aktual%2C selalu tampil sesuai perkembangan jaman%2C dan selalu mementingkan kepentingan anggota rumah tangganya%2C dari pada kepentingan dirinya sendiri. women’s image%2C magazine’s advertisement.

Scintillation efficiency measurement of Na recoils in NaI(Tl) below the DAMA/LIBRA energy threshold

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Xu, Jingke; Shields, Emily; Calaprice, Frank; Westerdale, Shawn; Froborg, Francis; Suerfu, Burkhant; Alexander, Thomas; Aprahamian, Ani; Back, Henning O.; Casarella, Clark; Fang, Xiao; Gupta, Yogesh K.; Ianni, Aldo; Lamere, Edward; Lippincott, W. Hugh; Liu, Qian; Lyons, Stephanie; Siegl, Kevin; Smith, Mallory; Tan, Wanpeng; Kolk, Bryant Vande

2015-07-01

The dark matter interpretation of the DAMA modulation signal depends on the NaI(Tl) scintillation efficiency of nuclear recoils. Previous measurements for Na recoils have large discrepancies, especially in the DAMA/LIBRA modulation energy region. We report a quenching effect measurement of Na recoils in NaI(Tl) from 3 to 52 keVnr, covering the whole DAMA/LIBRA energy region for dark matter-Na scattering interpretations. By using a low-energy, pulsed neutron beam, a double time-of-flight technique, and pulse-shape discrimination methods, we obtained the most accurate measurement of this kind for NaI(Tl) to date. The results differ significantly from the DAMA reported values at low energies but fall between the other previous measurements. We present the implications of the new quenching results for the dark matter interpretation of the DAMA modulation signal.

Synthesis of Ag or Pt Nanoparticles by Hydrolysis of Either Ag2Na or PtNa

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Huabin Wang

2008-01-01

Full Text Available Ag and Pt nanoparticles have successfully been synthesized by hydrolysis of either Ag2Na or PtNa at room temperature. The oxidation of sodium in the Pt-Na pellets was much faster than that in the Ag-Na pellets since Pt is a catalyst for H2O formation reaction from hydrogen and oxygen at room temperature. The hydrolysis byproduct, NaOH, has a high solubility and easily is removed. This method offers a simple method of preparing transition metal nanoparticles. The Ag and Pt nanoparticles prepared by this method were crystalline in nature, and spherical in shape with a mean size of around 10 nm.

Dynamic polarizabilities and Van der Waals coefficients for alkali atoms Li, Na and alkali dimer molecules Li2, Na2 and NaLi

Science.gov (United States)

Mérawa, M.; Dargelos, A.

1998-07-01

The present paper gives an account of investigations of the polarizability of the alkali atoms Li, Na, diatomics homonuclear and heteronuclear Li2, Na2 and NaLi at SCF (Self Consistent Field) level of approximation and at correlated level, using a time Time-Dependent Gauge Invariant method (TDGI). Our static polarizability values agree with the best experimental and theoretical determinations. The Van der Waals C6 coefficients for the atom-atom, atom-dimer and dimer-dimer interactions have been evaluated. Les polarisabilités des atomes alcalins Li, Na, et des molécules diatomiques homonucléaires et hétéronucléaire Li2, Na2 et NaLi, ont été calculées au niveau SCF (Self Consistent Field) et au niveau corrélé à partir d'une méthode invariante de jauge dépendante du temps(TDGI). Nos valeurs des polarisabilités statiques sont en accord avec les meilleurs déterminations expérimentales et théoriques. Les coefficients C6 de Van de Waals pour les interactions atome-atome, atome-dimère et dimère-dimère ont également été évalués.

Structure-function relationships of Na+, K+, ATP, or Mg2+ binding and energy transduction in Na,K-ATPase

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Jorgensen, Peter L.; Pedersen, Per Amstrup

2000-01-01

Na,K-ATPase; Mutagenesis; Na+ binding; K+ binding; Tl+ binding; Mg2+ binding; ATP binding; Cation binding site; Energy transduction......Na,K-ATPase; Mutagenesis; Na+ binding; K+ binding; Tl+ binding; Mg2+ binding; ATP binding; Cation binding site; Energy transduction...

At NA2

CERN Multimedia

1977-01-01

One of the NA2 calorimeter sections is moved in. The NA2 calorimeter was divided in two halves, to the left and the right of the beam, each half consisting of sheets of passive high Z material interleaved with blades of plastic scintillators. The photo shows on the right, the upstream 'electron' module with eleven lead plates for a total radiation length of 20.

Na+-K+ pump in chronic renal failure

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Deepak, K.; Kahn, T.

1987-01-01

This review summarizes the evidence for the defect in Na + -K + pump in chronic renal failure, considers the role of various factors in causing this defect, and discusses the clinical implications thereof. Intracellular Na is elevated in erythrocytes, leukocytes, and muscle cells from some patients with chronic renal failure (CRF). Recent evidence suggest that this elevation of cell Na may be, in large part, a consequence of decreased number of Na + -K + pump units per cell. Maintenance dialysis over a period of weeks ameliorates the defect in intracellular Na + , and this improvement is contemporaneous with an increase in the number of Na + -K + pump sites per cell. In erythrocytes with normal cell Na + , acute hemodialysis increases the rate of 22 Na + and 42 K + transport. Many factors such as the presence of retained toxic metabolite or circulating inhibitor in the uremic plasma, or biochemical changes produced by acute hemodialysis, may explain this finding. In cells with high cell Na + , the pump-mediated 42 K + transport is normalized at the expense of a raised cell Na + . The decreased muscle membrane potential in uremic subjects has been attributed to a decreased activity of Na + -K + pump. The authors discuss the role of hormonal abnormalities and circulating inhibitors, which may cause an acute inhibition of the pump and of other factors such as K + depletion, which may cause more chronic alterations. The implications of alteration of Na + and K + pump transport and raised cell Na + on other non-pump-mediated transport pathways are discussed. Raised cell Na + may be a marker for the adequacy of maintenance dialysis in patients with end-stage renal failure

Profil Merokok pada Pelajar di Tiga SMP di Kota Padang

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Yessy Susanti Sabti

2015-09-01

Full Text Available Abstrak   Merokok merupakan kontributor utama kematian.  Jumlah perokok semakin meningkat di seluruh dunia dan sebagian besar berada dinegara berkembang, termasuk Indonesia. Sebagai negara dengan perokok terbanyak ketiga di dunia, prevalensi perokok remaja di Indonesia semakin meningkat setiap tahun. Dengan menggunakan kuesionerGlobal Youth Tobacco Survey, kami meneliti profil merokok pada pelajar di tida SMP di kota Padang. Desain peneitian adalah crossectional. Data diperoleh dari kuesioner Global Youth Tobacco Survey, berbahasa Indonesia. Didapatkan sampel 240  murid dari 3 SMP dipilih secara acak di Kota Padang. Hasil : 27,7% murid pernah merokok, dan semuanya adalah laki-laki. 29%  mencoba rokok pada usia kurang dari 10 tahun. 37%  murid masih merokok sampai sekarang, 46% diantaranya sudah ketagihan rokok. Sebanyak 77,1% murid yang pernah merokok mempunyai orang tua perokok. Sebagian besar dari total sampel terpapar asap rokok lingkungan baik di rumah dan di tempat-tempat umum. Kesimpulan: Lebih dari seperempat pelajar di tiga SMP di kota Padang pernah merokok dan semuanya laki laki, dan mencoba merokok padausia kurang dari 10 tahun. Hampir seperlima sudah ketagihan merokok.Kata kunci: Pelajar, Merokok, Global Youth Tobacco SurveyAbstract Smoking is the mayor contibutor of death, and the number of smoker is growing overworld. More of them live in the developing country, including Indonesia. As the third of most smoker number, the teenager smoker prevalence in Indonesia is increase over year. By using Indonesian language adapted of Global Youth Tobacco Survey quessionaires, we researched smoking teenager behaviour and realted factors at Junior High School of Padang. Design of study is crossectional, datas collected from 240 students of three randomized selected Junior High School, by  Global Youth Tobacco Survey quessionaires that has adapted to Indonesian language. Results : 27,7% of students reported that they ever smoked cigarettes

Pozitivni in negativni vplivi risank na otroke

OpenAIRE

Povše, Nika

2017-01-01

V tej diplomski nalogi smo raziskovali pozitivne in negativne vplive risank na otroke. Začeli smo z zgodovino televizije, tako svetovno zgodovino kot zgodovino televizije na Slovenskem. Na isti način smo pregledali tudi zgodovino risank. Raziskovali smo otrokov razvoj, predvsem tiste vidike, ki so izpostavljeni vplivom risank, kot so morala, jezik, domišljija in učenje. Sledilo je raziskovanje negativnih in pozitivnih vplivov, ki jih imajo risanke na otroke, kar je tudi naš glavni problem te ...

Vpliv konfucija na sodobno izobraževanje na Kitajskem

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Katja Skitek

2009-12-01

Full Text Available Izobraževanje na Kitajskem je bilo vedno trdno povezano s Konfucijem in konfucianizmom, kar pa ni čudno, saj je bil Konfucij prvi, ki je poudarjal moč z nanja in izobraževanja. LR Kitajska je v zadnjih petdesetih letih počasi in postopoma začela uveljavljati določene spremembe v vzgojno-izobraževalni sistem. Kakšne so te spremembe in koliko nanje še vedno vpliva konfucianizem, bo osrednja tema pričujočega članka. Konfucianizem danes na Kitajskem ni preveč popularen, izobraženci pa so se razporedili v dve skupini: eni trdijo, da je njegov vpliv še vedno velik, drugi pa zatrjujejo, da nima več nobenega vpliva na sodobno življenje. Katera stran ima prav? Konfucij je v prvi vrsti poudarjal pomembnost moralnih vrednot vsakega človeka in prav moralne vrednote, za katere se je zavzemal, so še danes trdno zasidrane v kitajski kulturi. Ali je torej sploh mogoče popolnoma izriniti Konfucija iz sodobnega izobraževanja?

Low-spin states of 23Na

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Bakkum, E.L.

1987-01-01

A study of 23 Na via the 22 Ne(p,γ) 23 Na and 23 Na(γ,γ) 23 Na reactions is presented. Only a limited number of resonances has been studied, selected on the basis of strong excitation of the lowest levels of which the spin was unknown. As a result the spins are now known of all levels of 23 Na with excitation energies up to 7 MeV, except for a few high-spin states which are too weakly excited in the decay of the known 22 Ne(p,γ) resonances. The mean lifetimes of the 23 Na levels at 4.43 and 7.89 MeV were found to be 350±70 and 220±17 attoseconds (1 attosecond = 10 -18 seconds) respectively. 97 refs.; 22 figs.; 12 tabs

Response of saliva Na/K ratio to changing Na supply of lactating cows under tropical conditions

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Thiangtum, Wandee; Schonewille, J Thomas; Verstegen, Martin Wa; Arsawakulsudhi, Supot; Rukkwamsuk, Theera; Hendriks, Wouter H

BACKGROUND: Factorial determination of the sodium (Na) requirement of heat-stressed lactating cows is hindered by accurate estimates of the Na losses through sweat. Direct studies, therefore, may be needed requiring information on the time course of healthy animals to become Na depleted and the

Response of saliva Na/K ratio to changing Na supply of lactating cows under tropical conditions

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Thiangtum, Wandee; Schonewille, Thomas J.; Verstegen, Martin W.A.; Arsawakulsudhi, Supot; Rukkwamsuk, Theera; Hendriks, Wouter H.

2017-01-01

BACKGROUND: Factorial determination of the sodium (Na) requirement of heat-stressed lactating cows is hindered by accurate estimates of the Na losses through sweat. Direct studies, therefore, may be needed requiring information on the time course of healthy animals to become Na depleted and the

Clues to NaCN formation

Science.gov (United States)

Quintana-Lacaci, G.; Cernicharo, J.; Velilla Prieto, L.; Agúndez, M.; Castro-Carrizo, A.; Fonfría, J. P.; Massalkhi, S.; Pardo, J. R.

2017-11-01

Context. ALMA is providing us essential information on where certain molecules form. Observing where these molecules emission arises from, the physical conditions of the gas, and how this relates with the presence of other species allows us to understand the formation of many species, and to significantly improve our knowledge of the chemistry that occurs in the space. Aims: We studied the molecular distribution of NaCN around IRC +10216, a molecule detected previously, but whose origin is not clear. High angular resolution maps allow us to model the abundance distribution of this molecule and check suggested formation paths. Methods: We modeled the emission of NaCN assuming local thermal equilibrium (LTE) conditions. These profiles were fitted to azimuthal averaged intensity profiles to obtain an abundance distribution of NaCN. Results: We found that the presence of NaCN seems compatible with the presence of CN, probably as a result of the photodissociation of HCN, in the inner layers of the ejecta of IRC +10216. However, similar as for CH3CN, current photochemical models fail to reproduce this CN reservoir. We also found that the abundance peak of NaCN appears at a radius of 3 × 1015 cm, approximately where the abundance of NaCl, suggested to be the parent species, starts to decay. However, the abundance ratio shows that the NaCl abundance is lower than that obtained for NaCN. We expect that the LTE assumption might result in NaCN abundances higher than the real ones. Updated photochemical models, collisional rates, and reaction rates are essential to determine the possible paths of the NaCN formation. Based on observations carried out with ALMA and the IRAM 30 m Telescope. ALMA is a partnership of ESO (representing its member states), NSF (USA) and NINS (Japan), together with NRC (Canada) and NSC and ASIAA (Taiwan), in cooperation with the Republic of Chile. The Joint ALMA Observatory is operated by ESO, AUI/NRAO and NAOJ. IRAM is supported by INSU/CNRS (France

The effect of Na+ and K+ on the thermal denaturation of Na+ and + K+-dependent ATPase.

Science.gov (United States)

Fischer, T H

1983-01-01

To increase our understanding of the physical nature of the Na+ and K+ forms of the Na+ + K+-dependent ATPase, thermal-denaturation studies were conducted in different types of ionic media. Thermal-denaturation measurements were performed by measuring the regeneration of ATPase activity after slow pulse exposure to elevated temperatures. Two types of experiments were performed. First, the dependence of the thermal-denaturation rate on Na+ and K+ concentrations was examined. It was found that both cations stabilized the pump protein. Also, K+ was a more effective stabilizer of the native state than was Na+. Secondly, a set of thermodynamic parameters was obtained by measuring the temperature-dependence of the thermal-denaturation rate under three ionic conditions: 60 mM-K+, 150 mM-Na+ and no Na+ or K+. It was found that ion-mediated stabilization of the pump protein was accompanied by substantial increases in activation enthalpy and entropy, the net effect being a less-pronounced increase in activation free energy. PMID:6309139

Financiranje projekata na pomorskom dobru

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Zoran Tasić

2018-02-01

Full Text Available Koncesije otvaraju vrlo osjetljiva politička, ekonomska i pravna pitanja u mnogim državama svijeta. Samo definiranje pojma koncesije često je komplicirana i ne sasvim jasna zadaća. OECD je prihvatila definiciju koncesije kao: ’’davanje prava privatnom trgovačkom društvu da može gospodarski upravljati određenom infrastrukturnim uslugama i za to zarađivati naknadu. Koncesionar dobija u posjed određene objekte (ali vlasništvo na tim objektima ostaje u rukama države te ih koristi u svrhu obavljanja određene djelatnosti ili usluge sukladno odredbama ugovora’’. Hrvatsko pravo definira koncesije načelno kao pravo stečeno temeljem ugovora o koncesiji, a sukladno uvjetima sadržanim u odluci o davanju koncesije (koju je donijelo odgovarajuće upravno tijelo, a u odnosu na pomorsko dobro, specifično, kao pravo državne vlasti da može dio pomorskog dobra, koje je inače dobro izvan pravnog prometa (res extra commercium, isključiti iz opće uporabe bilo dijelom ili u cijelosti, i dati ga fizičkoj ili pravnoj osobi na gospodarsko korištenje sukladno određenim prostornim planovima. Građevine i drugi objekti izgrađeni na pomorskom dobru čine njegov sastavni dio. Zakonom je jasno određeno da nikakva stvarna prava nisu dopuštena na pomorskom dobru, uključivo i na objektima izgrađenima na njemu. Projekti na pomorskom dobru često uključuju velike infrastrukturne projekte, razvoje luka i marina, koji iziskuju značajna financijska sredstva. Banke koje financiraju takve projekte zahtijevaju organiziran i transparentan zakonski okvir koncesija, slobodu ugovaranja, pravnu zaštitu svih strana uključenih u projekt (uključivo i mogućnost međunarodne arbitraže. (...

Controlled phase stability of highly Na-active triclinic structure in nanoscale high-voltage Na2-2xCo1+xP2O7 cathode for Na-ion batteries

Science.gov (United States)

Song, Hee Jo; Kim, Jae-Chan; Dar, Mushtaq Ahmad; Kim, Dong-Wan

2018-02-01

With the increasing demand for high energy density in energy-storage systems, a high-voltage cathode is essential in rechargeable Li-ion and Na-ion batteries. The operating voltage of a triclinic-polymorph Na2CoP2O7, also known as the rose form, is above 4.0 V (vs. Na/Na+), which is relatively high compared to that of other cathode materials. Thus, it can be employed as a potential high-voltage cathode material in Na-ion batteries. However, it is difficult to synthesize a pure rose phase because of its low phase stability, thus limiting its use in high-voltage applications. Herein, compositional-engineered, rose-phase Na2-2xCo1+xP2O7/C (x = 0, 0.1 and 0.2) nanopowder are prepared using a wet-chemical method. The Na2-2xCo1+xP2O7/C cathode shows high electrochemical reactivity with Na ions at 4.0 V, delivering high capacity and high energy density.

Optimization of NaOH Molarity, LUSI Mud/Alkaline Activator, and Na2SiO3/NaOH Ratio to Produce Lightweight Aggregate-Based Geopolymer

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Rafiza Abdul Razak

2015-05-01

Full Text Available This paper presents the mechanical function and characterization of an artificial lightweight geopolymer aggregate (ALGA using LUSI (Sidoarjo mud and alkaline activator as source materials. LUSI stands for LU-Lumpur and SI-Sidoarjo, meaning mud from Sidoarjo which erupted near the Banjarpanji-1 exploration well in Sidoarjo, East Java, Indonesia on 27 May 2006. The effect of NaOH molarity, LUSI mud/Alkaline activator (LM/AA ratio, and Na2SiO3/NaOH ratio to the ALGA are investigated at a sintering temperature of 950 °C. The results show that the optimum NaOH molarity found in this study is 12 M due to the highest strength (lowest AIV value of 15.79% with lower water absorption and specific gravity. The optimum LUSI mud/Alkaline activator (LM/AA ratio of 1.7 and the Na2SiO3/NaOH ratio of 0.4 gives the highest strength with AIV value of 15.42% with specific gravity of 1.10 g/cm3 and water absorption of 4.7%. The major synthesized crystalline phases were identified as sodalite, quartz and albite. Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM image showed more complete geopolymer matrix which contributes to highest strength of ALGA produced.

Optimization of NaOH Molarity, LUSI Mud/Alkaline Activator, and Na2SiO3/NaOH Ratio to Produce Lightweight Aggregate-Based Geopolymer

Science.gov (United States)

Abdul Razak, Rafiza; Abdullah, Mohd Mustafa Al Bakri; Hussin, Kamarudin; Ismail, Khairul Nizar; Hardjito, Djwantoro; Yahya, Zarina

2015-01-01

This paper presents the mechanical function and characterization of an artificial lightweight geopolymer aggregate (ALGA) using LUSI (Sidoarjo mud) and alkaline activator as source materials. LUSI stands for LU-Lumpur and SI-Sidoarjo, meaning mud from Sidoarjo which erupted near the Banjarpanji-1 exploration well in Sidoarjo, East Java, Indonesia on 27 May 2006. The effect of NaOH molarity, LUSI mud/Alkaline activator (LM/AA) ratio, and Na2SiO3/NaOH ratio to the ALGA are investigated at a sintering temperature of 950 °C. The results show that the optimum NaOH molarity found in this study is 12 M due to the highest strength (lowest AIV value) of 15.79% with lower water absorption and specific gravity. The optimum LUSI mud/Alkaline activator (LM/AA) ratio of 1.7 and the Na2SiO3/NaOH ratio of 0.4 gives the highest strength with AIV value of 15.42% with specific gravity of 1.10 g/cm3 and water absorption of 4.7%. The major synthesized crystalline phases were identified as sodalite, quartz and albite. Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) image showed more complete geopolymer matrix which contributes to highest strength of ALGA produced. PMID:26006238

UTJECAJ POZITIVNE DISKRIMINACIJE NA UKLJUČIVANJE ŽENA NA TRŽIŠTE RADA U REPUBLICI HRVATSKOJ

OpenAIRE

Dovranić, Dora; Katavić, Ivica

2016-01-01

U početku 21. stoljeća često se koristi pojam pozitivne (afirmativne) diskriminacije. Pozitivna diskriminacija mjera je koju poduzima vlada, neka organizacija ili korporacija s ciljem da se smanje nejednakosti u društvu nastale upravo diskriminacijom, na način da se pružaju određene povlastice onima koji su pretrpjeli neku vrstu diskriminacije. Nastala je u Sjedinjenim Američkim Državama na inicijativu predsjednika Kennedyja, Johnsona i Nixona. Diskriminacija, nažalost, ima mnogo oblika, a ne...

Reaction of metal oxides with molten mixtures NaPO3+NaCl

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Kovarskaya, E.N.; Mityakhina, V.S.; Rodionov, Yu.I.; Silin, M.Yu.

1988-01-01

By methods of solubility determination and paper chromatography it is shown, that Fe 2 O 3 solution in NaPO 3 +NaCl melts in the air relizes due to its chemical interaction with solvent resulting in formation of iron and sodium binary di- and monophosphates depending on melt-solvent initial composition, its attainment of equilibrium state and experiment temperature. It is established, that oxides increased solubility in melts with NaCl initial content ∼30 mol.% is specified by sodium tri- and tricyclophosphates presence in the melts. On this basis of NGR-spectroscopy data the presence of iron, europium, tin and sodium binary di- and monophosphates in some chloride-polyphosphate melts is confirmed

Crystal structure of polyphosphates NaCd(PO3)3 and NaMn(PO3)3

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Murashova, E.V.; Chudinova, N.N.

1997-01-01

Crystal structure of NaCd(PO 3 ) 3 (1) and NaMn(PO 3 ) 3 (2) isostructural polyphosphates was determined for twin samples. Rhombic lattice parameters of (1): a = 14.678, b = 14.669, c = 14.705 A, sp. gr. P2 1 2 1 2 1 , Z = 16. The structure of compounds is of frame type. Polyphosphate chain with repetition period of 24 PO 4 tetrahedrons contacts with NaO 6 and M 2 O 6 octahedrons by means of common oxygen vertices. Similarities and differences in structure of mentioned polyphosphates and earlier analyzed NaMg(PO 3 ) 3 polyphosphate are noted [ru

Effect of growth in lithium on ouabain binding, Na-K-ATPase and Na and K transport in hela cells.

Science.gov (United States)

Boardman, L J; Hume, S P; Lamb, J F; Polson, J

1975-01-01

1. HeLa cells were grown for 24 hr in growth medium in which part of the Na was replaced with Li. Ion contents, cell volumes and numbers, Na-K-ATPase and specific ouabain binding were measured. In some experiments the Na efflux and net Na transport was also measured. 2. Growth in Li caused a rise in the specific ouabain binding and membrane Na-K-ATPase of these cells. The Li concentrations in the cells necessary to produce this effect ranged up to 50 mM. 3. It is suggested that Li, like Na, acts on the genetic material of the cells to cause the production of more Na pumps within the membrane. PMID:124350

Effects of EDTA-Na (Na ethylenediaminetetraacetate) upon the metabolism of radiostrontium and radioyttrium in mice

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Kikuchi, T; Wakisaka, G; Kono, T; Hiroaki, A; Yamamasu, T; Sugawa, I

1954-01-01

The toxicity of EDTA-Na, inert Sr (NO/sub 3/)/sub 2/ and Ba (NO/sub 3/)/sub 2/ has been examined. Simultaneous injection of EDTA-Na showed no significant effect upon the distribution of radio-Sr in the bones of mice. The distribution of radio-Y in the bones of mice tended to decrease following the simultaneous subcutaneous injection of /sup 91/Y and EDTA-Na.

Novel aspects of Na+,K+-ATPase

OpenAIRE

Aizman, Oleg

2002-01-01

Na,K-ATPase, an integral membrane protein expressed in each eukaryotic cell, serves as the major determinant of intracellular ion composition. In the current study we investigated novel aspects of Na,K-ATPase function and regulation. It is well established that Na,K-ATPase activity is regulated by reversible phosphorylation. New findings in this study are: 1) the level of intracellular Ca 2. concentration determines the functional effects of PKA and PKC-mediated Na,K-ATP...

High-Performance Na-O2 Batteries Enabled by Oriented NaO2 Nanowires as Discharge Products.

Science.gov (United States)

Khajehbashi, S Mohammad B; Xu, Lin; Zhang, Guobin; Tan, Shuangshuang; Zhao, Yan; Wang, Lai-Sen; Li, Jiantao; Luo, Wen; Peng, Dong-Liang; Mai, Liqiang

2018-06-13

Na-O 2 batteries are emerging rechargeable batteries due to their high theoretical energy density and abundant resources, but they suffer from sluggish kinetics due to the formation of large-size discharge products with cubic or irregular particle shapes. Here, we report the unique growth of discharge products of NaO 2 nanowires inside Na-O 2 batteries that significantly boosts the performance of Na-O 2 batteries. For this purpose, a high-spin Co 3 O 4 electrocatalyst was synthesized via the high-temperature oxidation of pure cobalt nanoparticles in an external magnetic field. The discharge products of NaO 2 nanowires are 10-20 nm in diameter and ∼10 μm in length, characteristics that provide facile pathways for electron and ion transfer. With these nanowires, Na-O 2 batteries have surpassed 400 cycles with a fixed capacity of 1000 mA h g -1 , an ultra-low over-potential of ∼60 mV during charging, and near-zero over-potential during discharging. This strategy not only provides a unique way to control the morphology of discharge products to achieve high-performance Na-O 2 batteries but also opens up the opportunity to explore growing nanowires in novel conditions.

Insight to the Thermal Decomposition and Hydrogen Desorption Behaviors of NaNH2-NaBH4 Hydrogen Storage Composite.

Science.gov (United States)

Pei, Ziwei; Bai, Ying; Wang, Yue; Wu, Feng; Wu, Chuan

2017-09-20

The lightweight compound material NaNH 2 -NaBH 4 is regarded as a promising hydrogen storage composite due to the high hydrogen density. Mechanical ball milling was employed to synthesize the composite NaNH 2 -NaBH 4 (2/1 molar ratio), and the samples were investigated utilizing thermogravimetric-differential thermal analysis-mass spectroscopy (TG-DTA-MS), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) analyses. The full-spectrum test (range of the ratio of mass to charge: 0-200) shows that the released gaseous species contain H 2 , NH 3 , B 2 H 6 , and N 2 in the heating process from room temperature to 400 °C, and possibly the impurity gas B 6 H 12 also exists. The TG/DTA analyses show that the composite NaNH 2 -NaBH 4 (2/1 molar ratio) is conductive to generate hydrogen so that the dehydrogenation process can be finished before 400 °C. Moreover, the thermal decomposition process from 200 to 400 °C involves two-step dehydrogenation reactions: (1) Na 3 (NH 2 ) 2 BH 4 hydride decomposes into Na 3 BN 2 and H 2 (200-350 °C); (2) remaining Na 3 (NH 2 ) 2 BH 4 reacts with NaBH 4 and Na 3 BN 2 , generating Na, BN, NH 3 , N 2 , and H 2 (350-400 °C). The better mechanism understanding of the thermal decomposition pathway lays a foundation for tailoring the hydrogen storage performance of the composite complex hydrides system.

Distinct pH dependencies of Na+/K+ selectivity at the two faces of Na,K-ATPase.

Science.gov (United States)

Cornelius, Flemming; Tsunekawa, Naoki; Toyoshima, Chikashi

2018-02-09

The sodium pump (Na,K-ATPase) in animal cells is vital for actively maintaining ATP hydrolysis-powered Na + and K + electrochemical gradients across the cell membrane. These ion gradients drive co- and countertransport and are critical for establishing the membrane potential. It has been an enigma how Na,K-ATPase discriminates between Na + and K + , despite the pumped ion on each side being at a lower concentration than the other ion. Recent crystal structures of analogs of the intermediate conformations E2·Pi·2K + and Na + -bound E1∼P·ADP suggest that the dimensions of the respective binding sites in Na,K-ATPase are crucial in determining its selectivity. Here, we found that the selectivity at each membrane face is pH-dependent and that this dependence is unique for each face. Most notable was a strong increase in the specific affinity for K + at the extracellular face ( i.e. E2 conformation) as the pH is lowered from 7.5 to 5. We also observed a smaller increase in affinity for K + on the cytoplasmic side (E1 conformation), which reduced the selectivity for Na + Theoretical analysis of the p K a values of ion-coordinating acidic amino acid residues suggested that the face-specific pH dependences and Na + /K + selectivities may arise from the protonation or ionization of key residues. The increase in K + selectivity at low pH on the cytoplasmic face, for instance, appeared to be associated with Asp 808 protonation. We conclude that changes in the ionization state of coordinating residues in Na,K-ATPase could contribute to altering face-specific ion selectivity. © 2018 by The American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Inc.

OGLAŠEVANJE NA FACEBOOKU

OpenAIRE

Renko, Katica

2013-01-01

V magistrskem delu smo se seznanili z oglaševanjem na Facebooku. S pregledom gradiva, ki nam je ponujeno, smo preverili pogoje, načine, oblike … oglaševanja, ki pa smo jih s pregledom situacije v praksi preverili in dopolnili. Ob zaključku dela lahko rečemo, da je oglaševanje preko FB enostavnejše, cenejše, dostopnejše, omogoča nam ažurnost in samo komunikacijo z naslovniki, ki so potencialni kupci naših ponudb. Množični mediji nam omogočajo mnogotero obliko oglaševanja. Izbrana oblika ponuja...

Laser-induced ionization of Na vapor

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Wu, R.C.Y.; Judge, D.L.; Roussel, F.; Carre, B.; Breger, P.; Spiess, G.

1982-01-01

The production of Na 2 + ions by off-resonant laser excitation in the 5800-6200A region mainly results from two-photon absorption by the Na 2 molecule to highly excited gerade states followed by (a) direct ionization by absorbing a third photon or (b) coupling to the molecular Na 2 D 1 PIμ Rydberg state which is subsequently ionized by absorbing a third photon. This mechanism, i.e., a two-photon resonance three photon ionization process, explains a recent experimental observation of Roussel et al. It is suggested that the very same mechanism is also responsible for a similar observation reported by Polak-Dingels et al in their work using two crossed Na beams. In the latter two studies the laser-induced associative ionization processes were reported to be responsible for producing the Na 2 + ion. From the ratio of molecular to atomic concentration in the crossed beam experiment of Polak-Dingels et al we estimate that the cross section for producing Na 2 + through laser-induced associative ionization is at least four orders of magnitude smaller than ionization through the two-photon resonance three photon ionization process in Na 2 molecules

Characterization and antibacterial activity of silver exchanged regenerated NaY zeolite from surfactant-modified NaY zeolite

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Salim, Mashitah Mad; Malek, Nik Ahmad Nizam Nik, E-mail: niknizam@fbb.utm.my

2016-02-01

The antibacterial activity of regenerated NaY zeolite (thermal treatment from cetyltrimethyl ammonium bromide (CTAB)-modified NaY zeolite and pretreatment with Na ions) loaded with silver ions were examined using the broth dilution minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) method against Escherichia coli (E. coli ATCC 11229) and Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus ATCC 6538). X-ray diffraction (XRD), attenuated total reflectance–Fourier transform infrared (ATR–FTIR) spectroscopy, field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) and chemical elemental analyses were used to characterize the regenerated NaY and AgY zeolites. The XRD patterns indicated that the calcination and addition of silver ions on regenerated NaY zeolite did not affect the structure of the regenerated NaY zeolite as the characteristic peaks of the NaY zeolite were retained, and no new peaks were observed. The regenerated AgY zeolite showed good antibacterial activity against both bacteria strains in distilled water, and the antibacterial activity of the samples increased with increasing Ag loaded on the regenerated AgY zeolite; the regenerated AgY zeolite was more effective against E. coli than S. aureus. However, the antibacterial activity of the regenerated AgY was not effective in saline solution for both bacteria. The study showed that CTAB-modified NaY zeolite materials could be regenerated to NaY zeolite using thermal treatment (550 °C, 5 h) and this material has excellent performance as an antibacterial agent after silver ions loading. - Highlights: • Thermal treatment was used to regenerate surfactant modified zeolite. • The regenerated NaY zeolite formed was added with different silver loadings. • Regenerated AgY zeolite was tested for antibacterial activity on E. coli and S. aureus. • The antibacterial activity increased with increased of the amount of silver loadings. • The zeolite structure did not change with thermal and modification

Characterization and antibacterial activity of silver exchanged regenerated NaY zeolite from surfactant-modified NaY zeolite

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Salim, Mashitah Mad; Malek, Nik Ahmad Nizam Nik

2016-01-01

The antibacterial activity of regenerated NaY zeolite (thermal treatment from cetyltrimethyl ammonium bromide (CTAB)-modified NaY zeolite and pretreatment with Na ions) loaded with silver ions were examined using the broth dilution minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) method against Escherichia coli (E. coli ATCC 11229) and Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus ATCC 6538). X-ray diffraction (XRD), attenuated total reflectance–Fourier transform infrared (ATR–FTIR) spectroscopy, field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) and chemical elemental analyses were used to characterize the regenerated NaY and AgY zeolites. The XRD patterns indicated that the calcination and addition of silver ions on regenerated NaY zeolite did not affect the structure of the regenerated NaY zeolite as the characteristic peaks of the NaY zeolite were retained, and no new peaks were observed. The regenerated AgY zeolite showed good antibacterial activity against both bacteria strains in distilled water, and the antibacterial activity of the samples increased with increasing Ag loaded on the regenerated AgY zeolite; the regenerated AgY zeolite was more effective against E. coli than S. aureus. However, the antibacterial activity of the regenerated AgY was not effective in saline solution for both bacteria. The study showed that CTAB-modified NaY zeolite materials could be regenerated to NaY zeolite using thermal treatment (550 °C, 5 h) and this material has excellent performance as an antibacterial agent after silver ions loading. - Highlights: • Thermal treatment was used to regenerate surfactant modified zeolite. • The regenerated NaY zeolite formed was added with different silver loadings. • Regenerated AgY zeolite was tested for antibacterial activity on E. coli and S. aureus. • The antibacterial activity increased with increased of the amount of silver loadings. • The zeolite structure did not change with thermal and modification

Carbon dioxide sequestration using NaHSO4 and NaOH: A dissolution and carbonation optimisation study.

Science.gov (United States)

Sanna, Aimaro; Steel, Luc; Maroto-Valer, M Mercedes

2017-03-15

The use of NaHSO 4 to leach out Mg fromlizardite-rich serpentinite (in form of MgSO 4 ) and the carbonation of CO 2 (captured in form of Na 2 CO 3 using NaOH) to form MgCO 3 and Na 2 SO 4 was investigated. Unlike ammonium sulphate, sodium sulphate can be separated via precipitation during the recycling step avoiding energy intensive evaporation process required in NH 4 -based processes. To determine the effectiveness of the NaHSO 4 /NaOH process when applied to lizardite, the optimisation of the dissolution and carbonation steps were performed using a UK lizardite-rich serpentine. Temperature, solid/liquid ratio, particle size, concentration and molar ratio were evaluated. An optimal dissolution efficiency of 69.6% was achieved over 3 h at 100 °C using 1.4 M sodium bisulphate and 50 g/l serpentine with particle size 75-150 μm. An optimal carbonation efficiency of 95.4% was achieved over 30 min at 90 °C and 1:1 magnesium:sodium carbonate molar ratio using non-synthesised solution. The CO 2 sequestration capacity was 223.6 g carbon dioxide/kg serpentine (66.4% in terms of Mg bonded to hydromagnesite), which is comparable with those obtained using ammonium based processes. Therefore, lizardite-rich serpentinites represent a valuable resource for the NaHSO 4 /NaOH based pH swing mineralisation process. Copyright © 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Characterization and antibacterial activity of silver exchanged regenerated NaY zeolite from surfactant-modified NaY zeolite.

Science.gov (United States)

Salim, Mashitah Mad; Malek, Nik Ahmad Nizam Nik

2016-02-01

The antibacterial activity of regenerated NaY zeolite (thermal treatment from cetyltrimethyl ammonium bromide (CTAB)-modified NaY zeolite and pretreatment with Na ions) loaded with silver ions were examined using the broth dilution minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) method against Escherichia coli (E. coli ATCC 11229) and Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus ATCC 6538). X-ray diffraction (XRD), attenuated total reflectance-Fourier transform infrared (ATR-FTIR) spectroscopy, field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) and chemical elemental analyses were used to characterize the regenerated NaY and AgY zeolites. The XRD patterns indicated that the calcination and addition of silver ions on regenerated NaY zeolite did not affect the structure of the regenerated NaY zeolite as the characteristic peaks of the NaY zeolite were retained, and no new peaks were observed. The regenerated AgY zeolite showed good antibacterial activity against both bacteria strains in distilled water, and the antibacterial activity of the samples increased with increasing Ag loaded on the regenerated AgY zeolite; the regenerated AgY zeolite was more effective against E. coli than S. aureus. However, the antibacterial activity of the regenerated AgY was not effective in saline solution for both bacteria. The study showed that CTAB-modified NaY zeolite materials could be regenerated to NaY zeolite using thermal treatment (550°C, 5h) and this material has excellent performance as an antibacterial agent after silver ions loading. Copyright © 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Composition and thermochemistry of the equilibrium vapour of the systems NaI-FeI2 and NaI-PbI2

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Hilpert, K.; Gerads, H.; Koberts, D.; Miller, M.

1987-01-01

The vaporization of NaI/FeI 2 and NaI/PbI 2 samples of equimolar composition was investigated was investigated in the temperature ranges between 574 to 683 K and 562 to 669 K, respectively, by using the mass spectrometric Knudsen effusion method. The gaseous species I, I 2 , NaI, (NaI) 2 , FeI 2 , (FeI 2 ) 2 , FeI 3 , NaFeI 3 , and Na 2 FeI 4 (NaI-FeI 2 system) as well as NaI, (NaI) 2 , PbI 2 , (PbI 2 ) 2 , and NaPbI 3 (NaI-PbI 2 system) are present in the equilibrium vapours. The equilibrium partial pressures of these species were determined with the exception of I, I 2 , and FeI 3 . Enthalpies and entropies of dissociation resulted for the reactions NaFeI 3 (g) ↔ NaI(g)+FeI 2 (g) (1), Na 2 FeI 4 (g) ↔ 2NaI(g)+FeI 2 (g) and (2) NaPbI 3 (g) ↔ NaI(g)+PbI 2 (g) (3) as Δ d H 298 0 (Eq. (1)) = 184±5 kJ mol -1 , Δ d S 298 0 (Eq. (1)) = 143±8 J mol -1 K -1 ; Δ d H 298 0 (Eq. (2)) = 333±9 kJ mol -1 , Δ d S 298 0 (Eq. (2)) = 274±14 J mol -1 K -1 ; and Δ d H 298 0 (Eq. (3)) = 168±5 kJ mol -1 , Δ d S 298 0 (Eq. (3)) = 151±9 J mol -1 K -1 . Equilibrium constants for these reactions are additionally given. The pressures of NaFeI 3 (g) and NaPbI 3 (g) as all as their enthalpies of dissociation are discussed with respect to their significance of semi empirical rules. (orig.)

Adsorption and Formation of Small Na Clusters on Pristine and Double-Vacancy Graphene for Anodes of Na-Ion Batteries.

Science.gov (United States)

Liang, Zhicong; Fan, Xiaofeng; Zheng, Weitao; Singh, David J

2017-05-24

Layered carbon is a likely anode material for Na-ion batteries (NIBs). Graphitic carbon has a low capacity of approximately 35 (mA h)/g due to the formation of NaC 64 . Using first-principles methods including van der Waals interactions, we analyze the adsorption of Na ions and clusters on graphene in the context of anodes. The interaction between Na ions and graphene is found to be weak. Small Na clusters are not stable on the surface of pristine graphene in the electrochemical environment of NIBs. However, we find that Na ions and clusters can be stored effectively on defected graphene that has double vacancies. In addition, the adsorption energy of small Na clusters near a double vacancy is found to decrease with increasing cluster size. With high concentrations of vacancies the capacity of Na on defective graphene is found to be as much as 10-30 times higher than that of graphitic carbon.

Novel regulation of cardiac Na pump via phospholemman.

Science.gov (United States)

Pavlovic, Davor; Fuller, William; Shattock, Michael J

2013-08-01

As the only quantitatively significant Na efflux pathway from cardiac cells, the Na/K ATPase (Na pump) is the primary regulator of intracellular Na. The transmembrane Na gradient it establishes is essential for normal electrical excitability, numerous coupled-transport processes and, as the driving force for Na/Ca exchange, thus setting cardiac Ca load and contractility. As Na influx varies with electrical excitation, heart rate and pathology, the dynamic regulation of Na efflux is essential. It is now widely recognized that phospholemman, a 72 amino acid accessory protein which forms part of the Na pump complex, is the key nexus linking cellular signaling to pump regulation. Phospholemman is the target of a variety of post-translational modifications (including phosphorylation, palmitoylation and glutathionation) and these can dynamically alter the activity of the Na pump. This review summarizes our current understanding of the multiple regulatory mechanisms that converge on phospholemman and govern NA pump activity in the heart. The corrected Fig. 4 is reproduced below. The publisher would like to apologize for any inconvenience caused. [corrected]. Copyright © 2013. Published by Elsevier Ltd.

All new for NA62

CERN Multimedia

Antonella Del Rosso

2012-01-01

This week sees the start of the first run of the new NA62 experiment. This will be a unique opportunity for the collaboration to test its new beam, new detectors and new data acquisition system before the physics run in 2014. Speaking to the Bulletin, the NA62 technical coordinator Ferdinand Hahn shares the many challenges that the various teams faced to be on time for beam. Ready, steady, start!   A Large Angle Veto detector (white) in place in the NA62 decay volume (blue). With components from almost all the detectors in place downstream of the decay point of the mother particles – the kaons – and of the KTAG detector that tags the kaons before they decay, NA62 is ready for its first technical run. This unique run will test all the equipment as well as the trigger and the data acquisition systems. “This year, we will have about five weeks of beam from the SPS before the long shutdown of all the CERN machines,” says Ferdinand Hahn, NA62 Technical Co-...

Effect of chloride substitution on the order–disorder transition in NaBH4 and Na11BD4

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Olsen, Jørn Eirik; Karen, Pavel; Sørby, Magnus H.; Hauback, Bjørn C.

2014-01-01

Graphical abstract: Interactions that order the BD 4 - tetrahedra below the order–disorder transition became increasingly frustrated by the solute in the Na( 11 BD 4 ) 1−x Cl x solid solutions, and the order disappears at x = 0.158. Highlights: • The order–disorder transition temperature for Na(BH 4 ) 1−x Cl x and Na( 11 BD 4 ) 1−x Cl x is highly dependent on the Cl-content, x. • The transition is characterized by DSC for Na( 11 BD 4 ) 1−x Cl x for x = 0, 0.10 and 0.15. • No transition is observed for x ⩾ 0.20 on cooling to 8 K. • The crystal structures are reported for Na 11 BD 4 at room temperature and 8 K and Na( 11 BD 4 ) 1−x Cl x (x = 0.10, 0.15, 0.20 and 0.25) at 8 K from powder neutron diffraction. -- Abstract: Phase transition associated with anion disordering over two orientations in Na 11 BD 4 (NaBH 4 ) and its solid solutions with NaCl, Na( 11 BD 4 ) 1−x Cl x , is investigated with powder diffraction (neutron and synchrotron radiation), differential scanning calorimetry and Raman spectroscopy. Upon heating, the transition temperature extrapolated to zero rate of heating is 192.2 K for Na 11 BD 4 , ΔS = 4.41 J/mol K, hysteresis 1.7 K and the volume increase 0.43%. Thermal parameters of the transition in Na( 11 BD 4 ) 1−x Cl x follow a colligative-property model of an ideal solution, with x = 0.158(1) as the critical concentration at which the ordering interactions and the transition itself are eliminated. On approaching this limit, the tetragonal distortion of the ordered structure decreases somewhat towards the cubic average, and this is associated with a partial disorder of the tetrahedral anions seen by diffraction methods. In fact, a 3% disorder is already present in the pure solvent of the solid solution (Na 11 BD 4 ) at 8 K

Neutron diffraction studies of the Na-ion battery electrode materials NaCoCr{sub 2}(PO{sub 4}){sub 3}, NaNiCr{sub 2}(PO{sub 4}){sub 3}, and Na{sub 2}Ni{sub 2}Cr(PO{sub 4}){sub 3}

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Yahia, H. Ben [Qatar Environment and Energy Research Institute, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Qatar Foundation, P.O. Box 5825 Doha (Qatar); Essehli, R., E-mail: ressehli@qf.org.qa [Qatar Environment and Energy Research Institute, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Qatar Foundation, P.O. Box 5825 Doha (Qatar); Avdeev, M. [Australian Nuclear Science and Technology Organisation, New Illawarra Road, Lucas Heights NSW 2234 (Australia); Park, J-B.; Sun, Y-K. [Department of Energy Engineering Hanyang University, 17 Haengdang-dong, Seongdong-gu, Seoul 133-791 (Korea, Republic of); Al-Maadeed, M.A. [Center for Advanced Materials (CAM), Qatar University, 2713 Doha (Qatar); Belharouak, I., E-mail: ibelharouak@qf.org.qa [Qatar Environment and Energy Research Institute, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Qatar Foundation, P.O. Box 5825 Doha (Qatar)

2016-06-15

The new compounds NaCoCr{sub 2}(PO{sub 4}){sub 3}, NaNiCr{sub 2}(PO{sub 4}){sub 3}, and Na{sub 2}Ni{sub 2}Cr(PO{sub 4}){sub 3} were synthesized by sol-gel method and their crystal structures were determined by using neutron powder diffraction data. These compounds were characterized by galvanometric cycling and cyclic voltammetry. NaCoCr{sub 2}(PO{sub 4}){sub 3}, NaNiCr{sub 2}(PO{sub 4}){sub 3}, and Na{sub 2}Ni{sub 2}Cr(PO{sub 4}){sub 3} crystallize with a stuffed α-CrPO{sub 4}-type structure. The structure consists of a 3D-framework made of octahedra and tetrahedra that are sharing corners and/or edges generating channels along [100] and [010], in which the sodium atoms are located. Of significance, in the structures of NaNiCr{sub 2}(PO{sub 4}){sub 3}, and Na{sub 2}Ni{sub 2}Cr(PO{sub 4}){sub 3} a statistical disorder Ni{sup 2+}/Cr{sup 3+} was observed on both the 8g and 4a atomic positions, whereas in NaCoCr{sub 2}(PO{sub 4}){sub 3} the statistical disorder Co{sup 2+}/Cr{sup 3+} was only observed on the 8g atomic position. When tested as negative electrode materials, NaCoCr{sub 2}(PO{sub 4}){sub 3}, NaNiCr{sub 2}(PO{sub 4}){sub 3}, and Na{sub 2}Ni{sub 2}Cr(PO{sub 4}){sub 3} delivered specific capacities of 352, 385, and 368 mA h g{sup −1}, respectively, which attests to the electrochemical activity of sodium in these compounds. - Highlights: • NaCoCr{sub 2}(PO{sub 4}){sub 3}, NaNiCr{sub 2}(PO{sub 4}){sub 3}, and Na{sub 2}Ni{sub 2}Cr(PO{sub 4}){sub 3} were synthesized by sol-gel method. • The crystal structures were determined by using neutron powder diffraction data. • The three compounds crystallize with a stuffed α-CrPO{sub 4}-type structure. • The three compounds were tested as anodes in sodium-ion batteries. • Relatively high specific capacities were obtained for these compounds.

Evaluation of NaX and NaY packed beds for chromium uptake from multicomponent solution

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Maria Angélica Simões Dornellas de Barros

2014-04-01

Full Text Available In this paper the removal of chromium from Cr/Ca/Mg/K and Cr/Ca/Mg/K/Na solutions was investigated in NaX and NaY packed beds. The breakthrough curves presented some overshooting phenomena where chromium ions displaced the previous exchanged cations. Length of unused bed, overall mass transfer coefficient, operational ratio and dimensionless variance were obtained. According to such mass transfer parameters it was concluded that the chromium uptake is influenced by the competition and interaction of the entering ions. Such influences were verified through some differences in the dynamic selectivity obtained for each system. NaY seemed to have a higher affinity towards Cr3+ and its sites were more efficiently used in the ion exchange process.

Water transport by the renal Na(+)-dicarboxylate cotransporter

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Meinild, A K; Loo, D D; Pajor, A M

2000-01-01

. This solute-coupled influx of water took place in the absence of, and even against, osmotic gradients. There was a strict stoichiometric relationship between Na(+), substrate, and water transport of 3 Na(+), 1 dicarboxylate, and 176 water molecules/transport cycle. These results indicate that the renal Na......This study investigated the ability of the renal Na(+)-dicarboxylate cotransporter, NaDC-1, to transport water. Rabbit NaDC-1 was expressed in Xenopus laevis oocytes, cotransporter activity was measured as the inward current generated by substrate (citrate or succinate), and water transport...... was monitored by the changes in oocyte volume. In the absence of substrates, oocytes expressing NaDC-1 showed an increase in osmotic water permeability, which was directly correlated with the expression level of NaDC-1. When NaDC-1 was transporting substrates, there was a concomitant increase in oocyte volume...

Pioneering instrumentation aspects of NA60

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

David, Andre

2004-01-01

NA60 is taking data with proton and heavy-ion beams at the CERN SPS. Although building up on previous experiments, the dimuon physics programme of NA60 places very demanding requirements on its new detectors, in terms of radiation tolerance, granularity and read-out electronics speed. We start by comparing dimuon detection strategies in NA60 with those of previous experiments. We then describe the new detectors used in NA60, placing particular emphasis on their technological pioneering aspects as well as on their contributions to the overall physics performance of the experiment

Occlusion of 22Na+ and 86Rb+ in membrane-bound and soluble protomeric alpha beta-units of Na,K-ATPase

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Vilsen, B.; Andersen, J.P.; Petersen, J.; Jorgensen, P.L.

1987-01-01

In this work, we examined occlusion of 22 Na+ and 86 Rb+ in membranous and detergent-solubilized Na,K-ATPase from outer renal medulla. Optimum conditions for occlusion of 22 Na+ were provided by formation of the phosphorylated complex from the beta,gamma-bidentate complex of chromium (III) with ATP (CrATP). Release of occluded cations occurred at equally slow rates in soluble and membrane-bound Na,K-ATPase. Values of 22 Na+ occlusion as high as 11 nmol/mg of protein were measured, corresponding to 1.8-2.7 mol of Na+/mol of phosphorylated Na,K-ATPase as determined by 32 P incorporation from [gamma- 32 P]CrATP. Maximum capacity for phosphorylation from [gamma- 32 P]CrATP was 6 nmol/mg of protein and equal to capacities for binding of [48V]vanadate and [ 3 H]ouabain. The stoichiometry for occlusion of Rb+ was close to 2 Rb+ ions/phosphorylation site. In an analytical ultracentrifuge, the soluble Na+- or Rb+-occluded complexes showed sedimentation velocities (S20,w = 6.8-7.4) consistent with monomeric alpha beta-units. The data show that soluble monomeric alpha beta-units of Na,K-ATPase can occlude Rb+ or Na+ with the same stoichiometry as the membrane-bound enzyme. The structural basis for occlusion of cations in Na,K-ATPase is suggested to be the formation of a cavity inside a monomeric alpha beta-unit constituting the minimum protein unit required for active Na,K-transport

Transcriptional regulators of Na, K-ATPase subunits

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Zhiqin eLi

2015-10-01

Full Text Available The Na,K-ATPase classically serves as an ion pump creating an electrochemical gradient across the plasma membrane that is essential for transepithelial transport, nutrient uptake and membrane potential. In addition, Na,K-ATPase also functions as a receptor, a signal transducer and a cell adhesion molecule. With such diverse roles, it is understandable that the Na,K-ATPase subunits, the catalytic alpha-subunit, the beta-subunit and the FXYD proteins, are controlled extensively during development and to accommodate physiological needs. The spatial and temporal expression of Na,K-ATPase is partially regulated at the transcriptional level. Numerous transcription factors, hormones, growth factors, lipids and extracellular stimuli modulate the transcription of the Na,K-ATPase subunits. Moreover, epigenetic mechanisms also contribute to the regulation of Na,K-ATPase expression. With the ever growing knowledge about diseases associated with the malfunction of Na,K-ATPase, this review aims at summarizing the best-characterized transcription regulators that modulate Na,K-ATPase subunit levels. As abnormal expression of Na,K-ATPase subunits have been observed in many carcinoma, we will also discuss transcription factors that are associated with epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition, a crucial step in the progression of many tumors to malignant disease.

Sepsis does not alter red blood cell glucose metabolism or Na+ concentration: A 2H-, 23Na-NMR study

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Hotchkiss, R.S.; Song, S.K.; Ling, C.S.; Ackerman, J.J.; Karl, I.E.

1990-01-01

The effects of sepsis on intracellular Na+ concentration ([Na+]i) and glucose metabolism were examined in rat red blood cells (RBCs) by using 23Na- and 2H-nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. Sepsis was induced in 15 halothane-anesthetized female Sprague-Dawley rats by using the cecal ligation and perforation technique; 14 control rats underwent cecal manipulation without ligation. The animals were fasted for 36 h, but allowed free access to water. At 36 h postsurgery, RBCs were examined by 23Na-NMR by using dysprosium tripolyphosphate as a chemical shift reagent. Human RBCs from 17 critically ill nonseptic patients and from 7 patients who were diagnosed as septic were also examined for [Na+]i. Five rat RBC specimens had [Na+]i determined by both 23Na-NMR and inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectroscopy (ICP-AES). For glucose metabolism studies, RBCs from septic and control rats were suspended in modified Krebs-Henseleit buffer containing [6,6-2H2]glucose and examined by 2H-NMR. No significant differences in [Na+]i or glucose utilization were found in RBCs from control or septic rats. There were no differences in [Na+]i in the two groups of patients. The [Na+]i determined by NMR spectroscopy agreed closely with measurements using ICP-AES and establish that 100% of the [Na+]i of the RBC is visible by NMR. Glucose measurements determined by 2H-NMR correlated closely (correlation coefficient = 0.93) with enzymatic analysis. These studies showed no evidence that sepsis disturbed RBC membrane function or metabolism

SPOLNO NADLEGOVANJE NA DELOVNEM MESTU

OpenAIRE

Rubič, Gašper

2016-01-01

V diplomskem delu smo v uvodu predstavili problem spolnega nadlegovanja na delovnem mestu in predstavili podjetje TEKSTIL d.d. V nadaljevanju smo z anketo raziskali, ali problem spolnega nadlegovanja na delovnem mestu v obravnavanem podjetju obstaja in če, kako se nanj odziva okolje. V teoretičnem delu smo nadaljevali in predstavili definicijo spolnega nadlegovanja, ki je kakršna koli oblika nezaželenega verbalnega in neverbalnega ali fizičnega ravnanja spolne narave z učinkom ali nameno...

Photodesorption of Na atoms from rough Na surfaces

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Balzer, Frank; Gerlach, R.; Manson, J.R.

1997-01-01

We investigate the desorption of Na atoms from large Na clusters deposited on dielectric surfaces. High-resolution translational energy distributions of the desorbing atoms are determined by three independent methods, two-photon laser-induced fluorescence, as well as single-photon and resonance......-enhanced two-photon ionization techniques. Upon variation of surface temperature and for different substrates (mica vs lithium fluoride) clear non-Maxwellian time-of-flight distributions are observed with a cos θ angular dependence and most probable kinetic energies below that expected of atoms desorbing from...... atoms are scattered by surface vibrations. Recent experiments providing time constants for the decay of the optical excitations in the clusters support this model. The excellent agreement between experiment and theory indicates the importance of both absorption of the laser photons via direct excitation...

Evaluation of {sup 23}Na(n,2n){sup 22}Na reaction cross-sections

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Manokhin, V N [Institute of Physics and Power Engineering, Obninsk (Russian Federation)

1997-06-01

Using available experimental data and (n,2n) excitation function systematics {sup 23}Na(n,2n){sup 22}Na reaction cross-sections were evaluated for energies ranging from the reaction threshold to 20 MeV. (author). 21 refs, 1 fig., 2 tabs.

Formation of hydroxyl groups and exchange with deuterium on NaHX and NaHY zeolites

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Kubelkova, L.; Novakova, J.

1976-01-01

Deammoniation and dehydroxylation of Na(NH 4 )X and Na(NH 4 )Y zeolites were compared. With the X type, both processes overlapped and proceeded more easily than with the Y type. Both H forms contained structural OH groups and hydroxyls denoted as SiOH, to which the 3740 cm -1 band in the IR spectrum was assigned. In addition, the NaHX zeolite contained OH groups characterized by the 3700 and 3600 cm -1 bands. Certain differences in the behaviour of NaHX and NaHY zeolites during deammoniation and dehydroxylation might be attributed to the presence of ''non-localizable'' H atoms. The active sites for the D 2 -OH exchange were probably formed during dehydroxylation. Hydrogen in SiOH groups was replaced by deuterium in both zeolite types more slowly than H atoms in other OH groups, which influenced the kinetic variations in the gaseous phase. The presence of water in the gaseous phase affected the kinetics and could distort the determination of the number of H atoms bound in the zeolites. (author)

High resolution laser spectroscopy of the D lines of on-line produced 21Na, 22Na, 24Na, 25Na using a new high sensitivity method of detection of optical resonances

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Huber, G.; Thibault, G.; Klapisch, R.; Duong, H.T.; Vialle, J.L.; Pinard, I.; Juncar, P.; Jacquinot, P.

1975-01-01

A polyisotopic sodium beam of 21 - 25 Na, produced by spallation of Al, was illuminated by a tunable dye laser. The atomic beam, analyzed by a sixpole magnet is then ionized and detected after a mass spectrometer. The results are the isotope shifts, nuclear magnetic moment and quadrupole moment of 25 Na [fr

OGLAŠEVANJE NA SOCIALNEM OMREŽJU FACEBOOK, NA PRIMERU SPLETICNA.SI

OpenAIRE

Reisman, Nina

2011-01-01

Internet je od svojega razvoja dolgo časa obstajal kot prostor za enostransko komunikacijo. Isto se je dogajalo na televiziji, radiu in časopisih, kjer je javnost sprejemala informacije, ki jih je nekdo pripravil. Tradicionalni mediji so hitro doumeli, da takšna vrsta komunikacije ni naravna in ne predstavlja najboljšega ohranjanja gledalcev in poslušalcev. Začela se je uporabljati dvosmerna komunikacija. Trenutno v svetu najbolje poznan primer dvosmerne komunikacije je socialno omrežje F...

FTIR spectra of the solid solutions (Na0.88K0.12)VO3, (Na0.5K0.5)VO3, and Na(V0.66P0.34)O3

Science.gov (United States)

de Waal, D.; Heyns, A. M.

1992-03-01

It is known that three different solid solutions, (Na0.88K0.12)VO3, (Na0.5K0.5)VO3 and Na(V0.66P0.34)O3, form in the (Na,K)(V,P)O3 system. These compounds all have monoclinic crystal structures similar to the pure alkali metal metavanadates containing small cations, e.g. Li+ and Na+ (Space group C2/c). Metavanadates with large cations like K+, Rb+, C+s and NH+4 form orthorhombic crystals, space group Pbcm. All those are structurally related to the silicate pyroxenes. Na(V0.66P0.34)O3 and (Na0.88K0.12)VO3 have the same modified diopside structure as (alpha) - NaVO3 while (Na0.5K0.5)VO3 adopts the true diopside structure. The infrared spectra of the three solid solutions are reported here in comparison with those of (alpha) -NaVO3 and KVO3. The results are also correlated with those obtained in two independent high pressure Raman studies of NH4VO3 and RbVO3 as the introduction of a larger cation like K+ should increase the pressure in the structure.

Medetomidīna un detomidīna hidrogēnhlorīdu struktūra noteikšana

OpenAIRE

Smuļko, Irina

2012-01-01

Medetomidīna un detomidīna hidrogēnhlorīdu struktūras noteikšana. Smuļko I., zinātniskais vadītājs Dr. ķīm., asoc. prof. Actiņš A. Maģistra darbs, 52 lappuses, 37 attēli, 6 tabulas, 29 literatūras avoti. Latviešu valodā. Maģistra darbā pētītas farmaceitiski aktīvās vielas – medetomidīna un detomidīna hidrogēnhlorīdi. Veikti mēģinājumi detomidīna bezūdens formas un monohidrāta struktūras noteikšanai, kā arī medetomidīna bezūdens formu A un B struktūras noteikšanai. Struktūras noteikšanai iz...

NAKUPOVANJE NA SPLETU

OpenAIRE

Visenjak, Monika

2013-01-01

Nakupovanje na spletu je prihodnost poslovanja. Za podjetja pomeni manjše stroške, lažje prilagajanje tržnim pogojem. Hitreje lahko razvijajo odnose in analizirajo uporabnike, saj jim je dan dostop o nakupnih podatkih uporabnika. Za potrošnike je nakupovanje na spletu možnost hitrega, preprostega in učinkovitega nakupovanja od doma ali pisarne. Pomembno je, da se seznanijo z vsemi informacijami in pogoji spletnih trgovin, saj se lahko le tako izognejo nezadovoljstvu ob nakupu v spletni trgovi...

The Na+ transporter, TaHKT1;5-D, limits shoot Na+ accumulation in bread wheat

KAUST Repository

Byrt, Caitlin Siobhan

2014-10-01

Bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) has a major salt tolerance locus, Kna1, responsible for the maintenance of a high cytosolic K+/Na+ ratio in the leaves of salt stressed plants. The Kna1 locus encompasses a large DNA fragment, the distal 14% of chromosome 4DL. Limited recombination has been observed at this locus making it difficult to map genetically and identify the causal gene. Here, we decipher the function of TaHKT1;5-D, a candidate gene underlying the Kna1 locus. Transport studies using the heterologous expression systems Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Xenopus laevis oocytes indicated that TaHKT1;5-D is a Na+-selective transporter. Transient expression in Arabidopsis thaliana mesophyll protoplasts and in situ polymerase chain reaction indicated that TaHKT1;5-D is localised on the plasma membrane in the wheat root stele. RNA interference-induced silencing decreased the expression of TaHKT1;5-D in transgenic bread wheat lines which led to an increase in the Na+ concentration in the leaves. This indicates that TaHKT1;5-D retrieves Na+ from the xylem vessels in the root and has an important role in restricting the transport of Na+ from the root to the leaves in bread wheat. Thus, TaHKT1;5-D confers the essential salinity tolerance mechanism in bread wheat associated with the Kna1 locus via shoot Na+ exclusion and is critical in maintaining a high K+/Na+ ratio in the leaves. These findings show there is potential to increase the salinity tolerance of bread wheat by manipulation of HKT1;5 genes.

The Na+ transporter, TaHKT1;5-D, limits shoot Na+ accumulation in bread wheat

KAUST Repository

Byrt, Caitlin Siobhan; Xu, Bo; Krishnan, Mahima; Lightfoot, Damien; Athman, Asmini; Jacobs, Andrew Keith; Watson-Haigh, Nathan S.; Plett, Darren; Munns, Rana; Tester, Mark A.; Gilliham, Matthew

2014-01-01

Bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) has a major salt tolerance locus, Kna1, responsible for the maintenance of a high cytosolic K+/Na+ ratio in the leaves of salt stressed plants. The Kna1 locus encompasses a large DNA fragment, the distal 14% of chromosome 4DL. Limited recombination has been observed at this locus making it difficult to map genetically and identify the causal gene. Here, we decipher the function of TaHKT1;5-D, a candidate gene underlying the Kna1 locus. Transport studies using the heterologous expression systems Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Xenopus laevis oocytes indicated that TaHKT1;5-D is a Na+-selective transporter. Transient expression in Arabidopsis thaliana mesophyll protoplasts and in situ polymerase chain reaction indicated that TaHKT1;5-D is localised on the plasma membrane in the wheat root stele. RNA interference-induced silencing decreased the expression of TaHKT1;5-D in transgenic bread wheat lines which led to an increase in the Na+ concentration in the leaves. This indicates that TaHKT1;5-D retrieves Na+ from the xylem vessels in the root and has an important role in restricting the transport of Na+ from the root to the leaves in bread wheat. Thus, TaHKT1;5-D confers the essential salinity tolerance mechanism in bread wheat associated with the Kna1 locus via shoot Na+ exclusion and is critical in maintaining a high K+/Na+ ratio in the leaves. These findings show there is potential to increase the salinity tolerance of bread wheat by manipulation of HKT1;5 genes.

Simultaneous determination of picogram per gram concentrations of Ba, Pb and Pb isotopes in Greenland ice by thermal ionisation mass spectrometry

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Jimi, Salah I.; Rosman, Kevin J.R.; Candelone, Jean-Pierre; Burn, Laurie J. [Curtin University of Technology, Department of Imaging and Applied Physics, Perth (Australia); Hong, Sungmin [Polar Research Centre, Korean Ocean Research and Development Institute, Ansan, P.O. Box 29, Seoul (Korea); Boutron, Claude F. [Domaine Universitaire, Laboratoire de Glaciologie et Geophysique du l' Environnement, 54 rue Moliere, Saint Martin d' Heres (France); UFR de Mecanique, Universite Joseph Fourier de Grenoble (Institut Universitaire de France), Domaine Universitaire, Grenoble (France)

2008-01-15

A technique has been developed to simultaneously measure picogram per gram concentrations of Ba and Pb by isotope dilution mass spectrometry, as well as Pb isotopic ratios in polar ice by thermal ionisation mass spectrometry. BaPO{sup +}{sub 2} and Pb{sup +} ions were employed for these determinations. A calibrated mixture of enriched {sup 205}Pb and {sup 137}Ba was added to the samples providing an accuracy of better than approximately 2% for Pb/Ba element ratio determinations. Interference by molecular ions in the Pb mass spectrum occurred only at {sup 204}Pb and {sup 205}Pb, but these contributions were negligible in terms of precisions expected on picogram-sized Pb samples. The technique is illustrated with measurements on Greenland firn, using a drill-core section that includes the Laki volcanic eruption of 1783-1784. The data show deviations from the element concentrations indicating volatile metal enrichments, but the Pb isotopic signature of the Laki lava could not be identified. (orig.)

REPRESENTASI PESAN-PESAN DAKWAH DALAM FILM AYAT-AYAT CINTA

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Sri Wahyuningsih

2015-02-01

Full Text Available Film memiliki potensi untuk memengaruhi dan membentuk masyarakat berdasarkan muatan pesan dibaliknya. Salah satu film yang cukup fenomenaladalah film Ayat-Ayat Cinta. Film ini sarat dengan pesan-pesan dakwah.Karenanya, kajian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui representasi pesan-pesandakwah secara verbal dan nonverbal dalam film Ayat-Ayat Cinta. Kajian inimenggunakan metode penelitian kualitatif dengan pendekatan analisissemiotika Roland Barthes untuk mengetahui makna denotatif, maknakonotatif, dan mitos/ideologi yang tersembunyi dalam film tersebut. Teknikpengumpulan data dilakukan dengan studi dokumentasi, studi kepustakaan,dan wawancara mendalam. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa film AyatAyatCinta merupakan film yang merepresentasikan pesan-pesan dakwah,baik  pesan verbal maupun pesan nonverbal. Pesan-pesan dakwah verbal adayang bersifat mengajak, seperti anjuran menikah, menjunjung tinggiperempuan, dan berperilaku adil dalam berpoligami, hubungan sesamaMuslim. Ada yang bersifat melarang, seperti dilarang bersentuhan denganyang bukan mahramnya. Demikian juga, pesan-pesan dakwah nonverbal adayang bersifat mengajak, seperti menjaga pandangan untuk menghindari zinamata dan mengerjakan shalat sebagai media komunikasi spiritual, dan adayang bersifat melarang, seperti aurat laki- laki.

Ikonografi dan Ikonologi Lukisan Djoko Pekik: ‘Tuan Tanah Kawin Muda’

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

M. Agus Burhan

2013-09-01

ABSTRAK   Penelitian ini tentang lukisan Djoko Pekik yang berjudul ‘Tuan Tanah Kawin Muda’ yang dianalisis dengan pendekatan sejarah seni dan memakai teori ikonografi dan ikonolo- gi Erwin Panofsky. Metode yang dipakai adalah metode sejarah dengan langkah pencarian sumber di lapangan dan pustaka (heuristik, seleksi dan kritik, analisis dan interpretasi sumber untuk menghasilkan sintesis, dan penyusunan historiografi. Hasil penelitian ini berupa: Deskripsi pra ikonografi berisi tanggapan awal aspek tekstual, mengungkap ko- munikasi dan konflik antara dua figur. Analisis ikonografis yaitu tentang tema dan konsep penindasan kaum laki-laki pada perempuan lewat kekuasaan modal ekonomi, sosial dan kultural. Konsep dasar penciptaannya tentang konflik antara kekuasaan yang menindas dan hak yang harus dipertahankan. Interpretasi ikonologis yaitu tentang nilai simbolik yang diungkap dalam lukisan. Lewat pengalaman psikologis pelukis dengan berbagai ke- kerasan dan penderitaan, serta pandangan hidup dari latar belakang sosial dan kultural- nya, maka lukisan ini merupakan kristalisasi simbol dari perampasan dan pertahanan hak rakyat bawah yang menderita..   Kata kunci: realisme sosial, konflik sosial, simbol ketertindasan

Osmotic and ionic effects of NaCl and Na₂SO₄ salinity on Phragmites australis

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Pagter, Majken; Bragato, Claudia; Malagoli, Mario

2009-01-01

Osmotic and ion-specific effects of NaCl and Na2SO4 on Phragmites australis (Cav.) Trin ex. Steud. were investigated in a laboratory experiment by examining effects of iso-osmotic solutions of NaCl and Na2SO4 on growth, osmolality of cell sap, proline content, elemental composition and gas exchange....... Plants were supplied with a control standard nutrient solution (Ψ = -0.09 MPa) or solutions of NaCl or Na2SO4 at water potentials of -0.50, -1.09 or -1.74 MPa. Salt treatments increased root concentrations of Na and S or Cl, whereas P. australis had efficient mechanisms for exclusion of Na and S...... and partly Cl ions from the leaves. Incomplete exclusion of Cl from the leaves may affect aboveground biomass production, which was significantly more reduced by NaCl than Na2SO4. Stomatal conductance was negatively influenced by decreasing water potentials caused by NaCl or Na2SO4, implying that a non...

Polarization and collision velocity dependence of associative ionization in cold Na (3p)-Na(3p) collisions

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Meijer, H.A.J.

1990-01-01

We studied the polarization dependence of the associative ionization (AI) process Na(3p) + Na(3p) → Na2+ at collision velocities between 100 and 700 m/s (5 and 200 K), using linearly and circularly polarized light for the excitation. We found that the polarization dependence varies strongly in the

Erythrocyte Na+/K+ ATPase activity measured with sup 23 Na NMR

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Ouwerkerk, R.; van Echteld, C.J.; Staal, G.E.; Rijksen, G. (University Hospital, Utrecht (Netherland))

1989-11-01

A {sup 23}Na NMR assay for measurement of erythrocyte Na+/K+ ATPase activity is presented. Using the nonpermeant shift reagent dysprosium tripolyphosphate the signals of intra- and extracellular sodium are separated, enabling measurement of sodium fluxes nondestructively, without the need to physically separate the cells from their environment. By increasing membrane permeability with nystatin we have shown that the assay allows the detection of differences in membrane permeability. With low doses of nystatin the ouabain-sensitive sodium flux increased more than twofold. With high doses of nystatin the Na+/K+ pump could not prevent an almost total equilibration of intra- and extracellular sodium. All sodium that entered the cells remained NMR visible, proving that sodium influx can be measured quantitatively. {sup 31}P NMR spectra taken before and after the assay revealed a slight acidification of the cells and no significant change in ATP concentration. No evidence of Dy3+ entering the cell was observed.

Molecular dynamics investigation of Na+ in Na2Ni2TeO6

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Sau, Kartik; Kumar, P. Padma

2014-01-01

An inter-atomic potential for Na 2 Ni 2 TeO 6 in the Parrinello- Rahman-Vashishta (PRV) model is parameterized empirically. The potential reproduces variety of structural and transport properties of that material in good agreement with recent experimental results. The study provides fresh insights on the migration channels and mechanism of Na + in the system

Efeito do plasma de oxigênio na dentina previamente exposta ao NaOCl

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Maíra do PRADO

Full Text Available Resumo Introdução O tratamento de plasma é uma tecnologia eficaz que pode manter as propriedades internas dos materiais inalteradas após o tratamento, modificando apenas a superfície. Objetivo Avaliar o efeito do plasma de oxigênio na dentina previamente exposta ao NaOCl 6%. Material e método Foram utilizados 60 incisivos bovinos. A coroa foi removida, a raiz foi dividida e as faces planificadas, totalizando 120 segmentos referentes ao terço cervical. As amostras foram divididas em dois grupos: controle (imersa em NaOCl 6%, lavada com água destilada, seca, imersa em EDTA 17%, lavada e seca e plasma de oxigênio (após tratamento descrito no grupo controle, plasma de oxigênio foi aplicado por 30 s. As amostras foram avaliadas qualitativamente em relação à topografia por microscopia eletrônica de varredura, utilizando-se microfotografias com ampliação de 1.000×. O goniômetro Ramé-hart foi utilizado para a mensuração do ângulo de contato entre as superfícies e as seguintes soluções foram utilizadas: água, etilenoglicol e di-iodometano. Em seguida, a energia de superfície, representada pelas componentes polar e dispersiva, foi calculada. Avaliou-se também o escoamento dos cimentos Pulp Canal Sealer EWT (PCS e Real Sal SE (RS na superfície dentinária. Os dados foram analisados estatisticamente utilizando os testes Kruskal-Wallis e Mann-Whitney U (p<0,05. Resultado O tratamento com plasma levou à formação de uma camada semelhante à smear layer na superfície dentinária. Este tratamento levou a um aumento da energia de superfície e da componente polar, favorecendo a hidrofilicidade da superfície. Entretanto, desfavoreceu o escoamento do cimento PCS e não influenciou no escoamento do cimento RS. Conclusão O plasma de oxigênio ocasionou mudanças topográficas na superfície dentinária, favorecendo a hidrofilicidade desta. Contudo, não favoreceu o escoamento dos cimentos endodônticos na dentina.

Phase formation in the systems ZrO2-H2SO4-Na2SO4 (NaCl)-H2O

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Sozinova, Yu.P.; Motov, D.L.; Rys'kina, M.P.

1988-01-01

Formation of solid phases in the systems ZrO 2 - H 2 SO 4 - Na 2 SO 4 (NaCl) - H 2 O at 25 and 75 deg C is studied. Three basic Na 2 Zr(OH) 2 (SO 4 ) 2 x (0.2 - 0.4)H 2 O, NaZrOH(SO 4 ) 2 x H 2 O, NaZrO 0.5 (OH) 2 SO 4 x 2H 2 O and three normal sodium sulfatozirconates Na 2 Zr(SO 4 ) 3 x 3H 2 O, Na 4 Zr(SO 4 ) 4 x 3H 2 O, Na 6 Zr(SO 4 ) 5 x 4H 2 O have been isolated, their solubility and crystal optical properties are determined

Modification of NaK (Na and K) dissolution device at the L.E.C.I

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Mansard, Bernard; Ducas, Serge; Riviere, Michel

1969-12-01

As three NaK dissolution devices had been operated since 1965 and as irradiation assemblies with a greater capacity (2 to 3 times) are now to be used, the modification of these dissolution devices is addressed. This requires a better control of the dissolution reaction (the NaK + alcohol reaction is highly exothermic and results in an effervescence which requires a greater volume). The objectives are therefore to delay the dissolution, to trigger it, to stop it, to control it at will, and to release heat. The new device is then described with its vessel, its cap, its ball valve, and its two tight sleeves. The operation principle is described, as well as the NaK draining process, and the NaK dissolution. Safety, time saving and raw matter saving issues are finally outlined

OGLAŠEVANJE NA FACEBOOKU V SLOVENIJI

OpenAIRE

Dobnik, Monja

2013-01-01

Danes so zahvaljujoč napredni mobilni tehnologiji družbena omrežja z nami na vsakem koraku. Facebook (FB) se po priljubljenosti uvršča v sam vrh družbenih omrežij in glede na to, da ga uporablja že več kot milijarda zemljanov, ponuja tudi odlične trg za oglaševanje. To so ugotovili tudi slovenski podjetniki. V diplomski nalogi je predstavljeno, kako na FB oglašujejo nekatera slovenska podjetja, s pomočjo spletnega vprašalnika pa je ugotovljeno tudi, kaj o oglasih na FB menijo njegovi uporabni...

Myocardial Na,K-ATPase: Clinical aspects

Science.gov (United States)

Kjeldsen, Keld

2003-01-01

The specific binding of digitalis glycosides to Na,K-ATPase is used as a tool for Na,K-ATPase quantification with high accuracy and precision. In myocardial biopsies from patients with heart failure, total Na,K-ATPase concentration is decreased by around 40%; a correlation exists between a decrease in heart function and a decrease in Na,K-ATPase concentration. During digitalization, around 30% of remaining pumps are occupied by digoxin. Myocardial Na,K-ATPase is also influenced by other drugs used for the treatment of heart failure. Thus, potassium loss during diuretic therapy has been found to reduce myocardial Na,K-ATPase, whereas angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors may stimulate Na,K pump activity. Furthermore, hyperaldosteronism induced by heart failure has been found to decrease Na,K-ATPase activity. Accordingly, treatment with the aldosterone antagonist, spironolactone, may also influence Na,K-ATPase activity. The importance of Na,K pump modulation with heart disease, inhibition in digitalization and other effects of medication should be considered in the context of sodium, potassium and calcium regulation. It is recommended that digoxin be administered to heart failure patients who, after institution of mortality-reducing therapy, still have heart failure symptoms, and that the therapy be continued if symptoms are revealed or reduced. Digitalis glycosides are the only safe inotropic drugs for oral use that improve hemodynamics in heart failure. An important aspect of myocardial Na,K pump affection in heart disease is its influence on extracellular potassium (Ke) homeostasis. Two important aspects should be considered: potassium handling among myocytes, and effects of potassium entering the extracellular space of the heart via the bloodstream. It should be noted that both of these aspects of Ke homeostasis are affected by regulatory aspects, eg, regulation of the Na,K pump by physiological and pathophysiological conditions, as well as by medical

Advancement of technology towards developing Na-ion batteries

Science.gov (United States)

Jamesh, Mohammed Ibrahim; Prakash, A. S.

2018-02-01

The Na-ion-batteries are considered much attention for the next-generation power-sources due to the high abundance of Na resources that lower the cost and become the alternative for the state of the art Li-ion batteries in future. In this review, the recently reported potential cathode and anode candidates for Na-ion-batteries are identified in-light-of-their high-performance for the development of Na-ion-full-cells. Further, the recent-progress on the Na-ion full-cells including the strategies used to improve the high cycling-performance (stable even up-to 50000 cycles), operating voltage (even ≥ 3.7 V), capacity (>350 mAhg-1 even at 1000 mAg-1 (based-on-mass-of-the-anode)), and energy density (even up-to 400 Whkg-1) are reviewed. In addition, Na-ion-batteries with the electrodes containing reduced graphene oxide, and the recent developments on symmetric Na-ion-batteries are discussed. Further, this paper identifies the promising Na-ion-batteries including the strategies used to assemble full-cell using hard-carbon-anodes, Na3V2(PO4)3 cathodes, and other-electrode-materials. Then, comparison between aqueous and non-aqueous Na-ion-batteries in terms of voltage and energy density has been given. Later, various types of electrolytes used for Na-ion-batteries including aqueous, non-aqueous, ionic-liquids and solid-state electrolytes are discussed. Finally, commercial and technological-developments on Na-ion-batteries are provided. The scientific and engineering knowledge gained on Na-ion-batteries afford conceivable development for practical application in near future.

Negative electrodes for Na-ion batteries.

Science.gov (United States)

Dahbi, Mouad; Yabuuchi, Naoaki; Kubota, Kei; Tokiwa, Kazuyasu; Komaba, Shinichi

2014-08-07

Research interest in Na-ion batteries has increased rapidly because of the environmental friendliness of sodium compared to lithium. Throughout this Perspective paper, we report and review recent scientific advances in the field of negative electrode materials used for Na-ion batteries. This paper sheds light on negative electrode materials for Na-ion batteries: carbonaceous materials, oxides/phosphates (as sodium insertion materials), sodium alloy/compounds and so on. These electrode materials have different reaction mechanisms for electrochemical sodiation/desodiation processes. Moreover, not only sodiation-active materials but also binders, current collectors, electrolytes and electrode/electrolyte interphase and its stabilization are essential for long cycle life Na-ion batteries. This paper also addresses the prospect of Na-ion batteries as low-cost and long-life batteries with relatively high-energy density as their potential competitive edge over the commercialized Li-ion batteries.

Corpo e sexualidade na gravidez

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Natalúcia Matos Araújo

2012-06-01

Full Text Available Estudo etnográfico que teve como objetivo compreender como as gestantes vivenciam os processos fisiológicos do seu corpo durante a gestação e a sua repercussão na sexualidade. A pesquisa envolveu sete mulheres residentes em bairro popular de São Paulo. Na coleta de dados, utilizou-se observação participante e entrevista com questões norteadoras. Os dados foram apresentados na forma de narrativa e posteriormente organizados nas categorias: Percebendo as transformações corporais; Convivendo com as mudanças no corpo; Sentimentos e sensações na vida sexual durante a gestação e imaginando o corpo e a sexualidade após a gestação. As mulheres referiram-se às transformações do corpo como desconfortos e expressaram a preocupação de que fossem definitivas. Expressaram o desejo de que, após o parto, o corpo volte a ser como era e que volte a sentir desejo sexual. O reconhecimento destes fatos constitui-se numa ferramenta primordial na adequação das práticas profissionais.

Comparison of the effectiveness of seven amiloride congeners as inhibitors of Na/H and Na/Ca antiport in cultured smooth muscle cells

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Smith, L.; Higgins, B.L.; Cragoe, E.J. Jr.; Smith, J.B.

1987-01-01

The authors cultured smooth muscle cells from rat aorta and assayed Na/Ca antiport by measuring the initial rate of 45 Ca influx in Na-loaded cells. Na/H antiport was assayed by measuring the initial rate of 22 Na influx in acid-loaded cells. The external medium was the same for both assays except Na was 10 mM for Na/H antiport and O for the Na/Ca antiport assay. The dose of each congener that caused 50% inhibition (I 50 ) was calculated using a log-log median effect plot. The linear regression coefficients ranged from 0.916 to 0.998. Of all the compounds tested only dimethylbenzamil is more potent as an inhibitor of Na/Ca compared to Na/H antiport

Presoja notranjih kontrol pri obračunu davka na dodano vrednost na primeru "Podjetja x"

OpenAIRE

Majcen, Borut

2016-01-01

Poslovanje podjetja si je ob odsotnosti notranjih kontrol nemogoče predstavljati. Podjetja so podvržena raznim tveganjem, še posebej v današnjih razmerah globalnega poslovanja, ko se podjetja soočajo z vedno novimi izzivi, kar prinaša tudi nova tveganja. Najučinkovitejši ukrep za obvladovanje tveganj predstavlja vzpostavitev sistema notranjih kontrol. Obvladovanje tveganj pa ne poteka samo na ravni podjetja kot celote, ampak je prisotno na vseh področjih delovanja podjetja, torej tudi na p...

Culturas morais e políticas de desenvolvimento na noruega e na união europeia

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Maria Macedo Barroso

2014-06-01

Full Text Available A partir de um diálogo entre os casos da Noruega e da União Europeia, pretendemos analisar a combinação de diferentes fatores e escalas de processos sociais (individuais, institucionais e de unidades políticas nacionais e supranacionais, estruturantes na formação dos sentidos sociais do desenvolvimento, notadamente das relações entre princípios morais e trocas interessadas, constitutivas das "culturas morais" dos universos analisados. Na perspectiva dos indivíduos, observaremos pela lente do caso da UE as motivações, vocações e histórias de vida dos "profissionais do desenvolvimento", bem como as razões da adesão da opinião pública às ações de cooperação internacional. Na escala institucional, abordaremos, nos dois casos, os modelos político-administrativos utilizados pela burocracia do desenvolvimento, e as lógicas dos diferentes grupos organizados para disputar seus recursos, no caso da Noruega. Na dimensão dos Estados, analisaremos a lógica das políticas nacionais e internacionais sob as quais são negociadas as intervenções de cooperação bilateral e/ou multilaterais tanto na Noruega quanto na UE.

Intermittent Hypoxia Inhibits Na+-H+ Exchange-Mediated Acid Extrusion Via Intracellular Na+ Accumulation in Cardiomyocytes

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Huai-Ren Chang

2018-04-01

Full Text Available Background/Aims: Intermittent hypoxia (IH has been shown to exert preconditioning-like cardioprotective effects. It also has been reported that IH preserves intracellular pH (pHi during ischemia and protects cardiomyocytes against ischemic reperfusion injury. However, the exact mechanism is still unclear. Methods: In this study, we used proton indicator BCECF-AM to analyze the rate of pHi recovery from acidosis in the IH model of rat neonatal cardiomyocytes. Neonatal cardiomyocytes were first treated with repetitive hypoxia-normoxia cycles for 1-4 days. Cells were then acid loaded with NH4Cl, and the rate of pHi recovery from acidosis was measured. Results: We found that the pHi recovery rate from acidosis was much slower in the IH group than in the room air (RA group. When we treated cardiomyocytes with Na+-H+ exchange (NHE inhibitors (Amiloride and HOE642 or Na+-free Tyrode solution during the recovery, there was no difference between RA and IH groups. We also found intracellular Na+ concentration ([Na+]i significantly increased after IH exposure for 4 days. However, the phenomenon could be abolished by pretreatment with ROS inhibitors (SOD and phenanathroline, intracellular calcium chelator or Na+-Ca2+ exchange (NCX inhibitor. Furthermore, the pHi recovery rate from acidosis became faster in the IH group than in the RA group when inhibition of NCX activity. Conclusions: These results suggest that IH would induce the elevation of ROS production. ROS then activates Ca2+-efflux mode of NCX and results in intracellular Na+ accumulation. The rise of [Na+]i further inhibits the activity of NHE-mediated acid extrusion and retards the rate of pHi recovery from acidosis during IH.

Elastic Coulomb breakup of 34Na

Science.gov (United States)

Singh, G.; Shubhchintak, Chatterjee, R.

2016-08-01

Background: 34Na is conjectured to play an important role in the production of seed nuclei in the alternate r -process paths involving light neutron rich nuclei very near the β -stability line, and as such, it is important to know its ground state properties and structure to calculate rates of the reactions it might be involved in, in the stellar plasma. Found in the region of `island of inversion', its ground state might not be in agreement with normal shell model predictions. Purpose: The aim of this paper is to study the elastic Coulomb breakup of 34Na on 208Pb to give us a core of 33Na with a neutron and in the process we try and investigate the one neutron separation energy and the ground state configuration of 34Na. Method: A fully quantum mechanical Coulomb breakup theory within the architecture of post-form finite range distorted wave Born approximation extended to include the effects of deformation is used to research the elastic Coulomb breakup of 34Na on 208Pb at 100 MeV/u. The triple differential cross section calculated for the breakup is integrated over the desired components to find the total cross-section, momentum, and angular distributions as well as the average momenta, along with the energy-angular distributions. Results: The total one neutron removal cross section is calculated to test the possible ground state configurations of 34Na. The average momentum results along with energy-angular calculations indicate 34Na to have a halo structure. The parallel momentum distributions with narrow full widths at half-maxima signify the same. Conclusion: We have attempted to analyze the possible ground state configurations of 34Na and in congruity with the patterns in the `island of inversion' conclude that even without deformation, 34Na should be a neutron halo with a predominant contribution to its ground state most probably coming from 33Na(3 /2+)⊗ 2 p3 /2ν configuration. We also surmise that it would certainly be useful and rewarding to test our

Osmotic and activity coefficients of aqueous NaTcO4 and NaReO4 solutions at 250C

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Boyd, G.E.

1978-01-01

Isopiestic vapor-pressure comparison experiments were performed with aqueous binary sodium perchlorate, pertechnetate, and perrhenate solutions to concentrations of approximately 8.5 m. Osmotic coefficients for these solutions and mean molal ionic activity coefficients for NaTcO 4 and NaReO 4 were derived from the isotonic molalities. Pitzer's treatment was applied to describe the concentration dependence of the osmotic coefficients of NaClO 4 , NaTcO 4 , and NaReO 4 , and the implications of the parameters derived from a least-squares fit are discussed in terms of solvent structure and interionic forces. 4 tables, 1 figure

Energy levels of the single excited states in NaI and Na-like ions

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

El-Sherbini, T.M.; Wahby, A.S.

1987-08-01

Energy levels of the single excited 1s 2 2s 2 2p 6 ns( 2 S), 1s 2 2s 2 2p 6 mp( 2 P), 1s 2 2s 2 2p 6 md( 2 D) and 1s 2 2s 2 2p 6 nf( 2 F); n=4-7, m=3-6 states for NaI and Na-like ions are calculated using the one configuration Hartree-Fock method. Good agreement is obtained between our results for the higher members of the NaI sequence and previous data from photo-absorption and beam foil experiments. (author). 11 refs, 3 figs, 9 tabs

Fabrication of implanted $^{22}$Na targets

CERN Multimedia

2002-01-01

A knowledge of the $^{22}$Na(p,$\\gamma$)$^{23}$ Mg reaction rate is of significant astrophysical interest. In order to complete previous studies of this reaction, radioactive $^{22}$Na targets of high purity are required. We ask for support to fabricate these targets via the implantation technique at ISOLDE GPS (off—line mode) using $^{22}$Na nuclides in an Al matrix produced in Nov. 1990 at the PSI (Zürich). The $^{22}$Na nuclides are released and ionized in a surface ionisation source, mass-analyzed at ISOLDE GPS, and implanted in a Ni-Ta backing and a C—foil in a special implantation setup.

Painful Na-channelopathies: an expanding universe.

Science.gov (United States)

Waxman, Stephen G

2013-07-01

The universe of painful Na-channelopathies--human disorders caused by mutations in voltage-gated sodium channels--has recently expanded in three dimensions. We now know that mutations of sodium channels cause not only rare genetic 'model disorders' such as inherited erythromelalgia and channelopathy-associated insensitivity to pain but also common painful neuropathies. We have learned that mutations of NaV1.8, as well as mutations of NaV1.7, can cause painful Na-channelopathies. Moreover, recent studies combining atomic level structural models and pharmacogenomics suggest that the goal of genomically guided pain therapy may not be unrealistic. Copyright © 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Usmerjanje urbanega razvoja na mestni ravni

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Mojca Šašek Divjak

1999-01-01

Full Text Available Kot je poudarjeno v predstavljenem načrtu Kopenhagna, mestni načrt ne more rešiti vseh planskih problemov mesta. Predstavljal naj bi predvideni red, ki pa se pogosto sproti podira glede na nepredvidena dogajanja v prostoru. Probleme je velikokrat treba reševati šele, ko se pokažejo. Zato mora biti mestni načrt zastavljen dovolj prilagodljivo in fleksibilno, da dovoljuje potrebne spremembe. Vendar mora kljub temu dati mestu trdne glavne usmeritve in s tem omogočiti, da meščani lahko izkoristijo priložnosti, ki jih nudi nova doba in uveljavljajo nove kvalitete bivanja.

Velocity distribution and dimer formation in a Na/Na2 beam

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Bergmann, K.; Hefter, U.; Hering, P.

1977-01-01

Using the TOF via optical pumping method and the Doppler-shifted laser induced emission described previously, the authors have measured the parallel and perpendicular velocity distribution respectively for Na atoms and Na 2 molecules in a variety of individual quantum states. In addition they monitored the flux of molecules in specific states while changing the stagnation pressure. In all cases a significant dependence on the internal energy of the molecules was found. The goal of these experiments is to improve understanding of the beam dynamics and the dimer formation process. (Auth.)

Angular distributions of photoelectrons from free Na clusters

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Wopperer, P.; Dinh, P. M.; Faber, B.; Reinhard, P.-G.; Suraud, E.

2010-01-01

We explore, from a theoretical perspective, photoelectron angular distributions (PADs) of the Na clusters Na 8 , Na 10 , Na 12 , Na 18 , Na 3 + , Na 11 + , Na 13 + , and Na 19 + . The basis of the description is the time-dependent local-density approximation (TDLDA), augmented by a self-interaction correction (SIC) to describe ionization properties correctly. The scheme is solved on a numerical grid in coordinate space with absorbing bounds. We assume for each cluster system an isotropic ensemble of free clusters and develop for the case of one-photon emission analytical formulas for computing the orientation-averaged PAD on the basis of a few TDLDA-SIC calculations for properly chosen reference orientations. It turns out that all the information in the averaged PAD is contained in one anisotropy parameter. We find that this parameter varies very little with system size, but as a whole is crucially influenced by the detailed ionic structure. We also make comparisons with direct orientation averaging and consider one example reaching outside the perturbative regime.

The Na+ transport in gram-positive bacteria defect in the Mrp antiporter complex measured with 23Na nuclear magnetic resonance.

Science.gov (United States)

Górecki, Kamil; Hägerhäll, Cecilia; Drakenberg, Torbjörn

2014-01-15

(23)Na nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) has previously been used to monitor Na(+) translocation across membranes in gram-negative bacteria and in various other organelles and liposomes using a membrane-impermeable shift reagent to resolve the signals resulting from internal and external Na(+). In this work, the (23)Na NMR method was adapted for measurements of internal Na(+) concentration in the gram-positive bacterium Bacillus subtilis, with the aim of assessing the Na(+) translocation activity of the Mrp (multiple resistance and pH) antiporter complex, a member of the cation proton antiporter-3 (CPA-3) family. The sodium-sensitive growth phenotype observed in a B. subtilis strain with the gene encoding MrpA deleted could indeed be correlated to the inability of this strain to maintain a lower internal Na(+) concentration than an external one. Copyright © 2013 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Quatenary Na//F, Cl, CO3, MoO4 system

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Kochkarov, Zh.A.; Lok''yaeva, S.M.; Shurdumov, G.K.; Gasanaliev, A.M.; Trunin, A.S.

1999-01-01

Perspective in applied respect quatenary system (NaF) 2 -(NaCl)-Na 2 CO 3 -Na 2 MoO 4 being element of narrowing of more complex six-membered mutual Na//F, Cl, CO 3 , MoO 4 (WO 4 ) system is investigated by differential thermal analysis with the use of projection-thermographic method for the first time. Crystallization tree of Na//F, Cl, CO 3 , MoO 4 system is established. It is shown that this system by tetrahedrating (NaF) 2 -Na 2 CO 3 -Na 3 ClMoO 4 section is triangulated on two stable system: (NaF) 2 -Na 3 ClMoO 4 -Na 2 CO 3 -(NaCl) 2 and (NaF) 2 -Na 3 ClMoO 4 -Na 2 CO 3 -Na 2 MoO 4 . Phase single units are determined too. Coordinates of desired quatenary nonvariant points are calculated on analytical models of surfaces by mutual crystallization of two phases and are refined by differential thermal analysis [ru

Experimental Study of Na based Titanium Nanofluid-Water Reaction

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Park, Gunyeop; Kim, Soo Jae; Baek, Jehyun; Kim, Hyun Soo; Oh, Sun Ryung; Park, Hyun Sun; Kim, Moo Hwan [POSTECH, Pohang (Korea, Republic of)

2015-10-15

In KALIMER-600, a sodium-cooled fast reactor designed by KAERI, thermal energy is transported from high-temperature liquid Na (526 .deg. C at 0.1 MPa) to low temperature water (230 .deg. C at - 19.5 MPa) through a heat exchanger. If any leakage or rupture occurs during the operation of this heat exchanger, highly pressurized liquid water can penetrate into the liquid Na channels; this contact should instantly cause SWR. As reaction continues, liquid water is soon vaporized by pressure drop and huge amount of reaction heat. This generated water vapor expands large reaction area and increases sodium-water vapor reaction process. Therefore, the rapid generation of reaction product (like H{sub 2}) and water vapor increases the system pressure that can cause the system failure in SFR. To reduce this strong chemical reaction phenomena between Na and water, some we have focused on suppressing the chemical reactivity of liquid Na by dispersing nanoparticles (NPs). For the real application of NaTiNF, the pressure change induced by NaTiNF-water reaction is compared with Na-water reaction in the present study. NaTiNF contains 100nm of Ti NPs at 0.2 vol. %. The reaction rate of NaTiNF-water reaction is also investigated as reaction temperature increases. Sodium-water vapor reaction (SVR) will occur when an SWR accident occurs in SFR. In this manner, NaTiNF-water vapor reaction is experimentally performed for ensuring the suppression of chemical reactivity of NaTiNF in contact with water vapor. In the basic step for reducing risk of an SWR in SFR, we have experimentally verified the suppressed chemical reactivity of liquid sodium using Ti NPs through SWR and SVR experiments. In SWR, Na based titanium nanofluid (NaTiNF) shows lower pressure change than Na. As T{sub R} increases, P{sub max} in Na-water reaction increases while NaTiNF does not. The reaction rate of NaTiNF shows twice slower than that of Na. In SVR, NaTiNF shows slower temperature increase than Na. The distinct

Phase equilibria in the NaF-CdO-NaPO{sub 3} system at 873 K and crystal structure and physico-chemical characterizations of the new Na{sub 2}CdPO{sub 4}F fluorophosphate

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Aboussatar, Mohamed [Université Clermont Auvergne, Université Blaise Pascal, Institut de Chimie de Clermont-Ferrand, UMR 6296 CNRS, BP 10448, F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand (France); Laboratoire de Physico-Chimie de l’État Solide, Faculté des Sciences de Sfax, Université de Sfax, BP 1171, 3000 Sfax (Tunisia); Mbarek, Aïcha [Laboratoire de Chimie Industrielle, Ecole Nationale d’Ingénieurs de Sfax, Université de Sfax, BP W3038, 3000 Sfax (Tunisia); Naili, Houcine [Laboratoire de Physico-Chimie de l’État Solide, Faculté des Sciences de Sfax, Université de Sfax, BP 1171, 3000 Sfax (Tunisia); El-Ghozzi, Malika [Université Clermont Auvergne, Université Blaise Pascal, Institut de Chimie de Clermont-Ferrand, UMR 6296 CNRS, BP 10448, F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand (France); Chadeyron, Geneviève [Université Clermont Auvergne, Institut de Chimie de Clermont-Ferrand, UMR 6296 CNRS/UBP/SIGMA, BP 10448, F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand (France); Avignant, Daniel [Université Clermont Auvergne, Université Blaise Pascal, Institut de Chimie de Clermont-Ferrand, UMR 6296 CNRS, BP 10448, F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand (France); Zambon, Daniel, E-mail: Daniel.Zambon@univ-bpclermont.fr [Université Clermont Auvergne, Université Blaise Pascal, Institut de Chimie de Clermont-Ferrand, UMR 6296 CNRS, BP 10448, F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand (France)

2017-04-15

Isothermal sections of the diagram representing phase relationships in the NaF-CdO-NaPO{sub 3} system have been investigated by solid state reactions and powder X-ray diffraction. This phase diagram investigation confirms the polymorphism of the NaCdPO{sub 4} side component and the structure of the ß high temperature polymorph (orthorhombic, space group Pnma and unit cell parameters a=9.3118(2), b=7.0459(1), c=5.1849(1) Å has been refined. A new fluorophosphate, Na{sub 2}CdPO{sub 4}F, has been discovered and its crystal structure determined and refined from powder X-ray diffraction data. It exhibits a new 3D structure with orthorhombic symmetry, space group Pnma and unit cell parameters a=5.3731(1), b=6.8530(1), c=12.2691(2) Å. The structure is closely related to those of the high temperature polymorph of the nacaphite Na{sub 2}CaPO{sub 4}F and the fluorosilicate Ca{sub 2}NaSiO{sub 4}F but differs essentially in the cationic repartition since the structure is fully ordered with one Na site (8d) and one Cd site (4c). Relationships with other Na{sub 2}M{sup II}PO{sub 4}F (M{sup II}=Mg, Ca, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni) have been examined and the crystal-chemical and topographical analysis of these fluorophosphates is briefly reviewed. IR, Raman, optical and {sup 19}F, {sup 23}Na, {sup 31}P MAS NMR characterizations of Na{sub 2}CdPO{sub 4}F have been investigated. - Graphical abstract: The structure of the compound Na{sub 2}CdPO{sub 4}F, discovered during the study of the phase relationships in the NaF-CdO-NaPO{sub 3} system, has been determined and compared with other Na{sub 2}M{sup II}PO{sub 4}F fluorophosphates. - Highlights: • XRD analysis of the isothermal section of the NaF-CdO-NaPO{sub 3} system at 923 K. • Rietveld refinement of the high temperature polymorph β-NaCdPO{sub 4}. • Crystal structure of the new Na{sub 2}CdPO{sub 4}F fluorophosphate determined from powder XRD. • Crystal structure - composition relationships of Na{sub 2}M{sup II}PO{sub 4}F compounds

Mechanochemical transformations in Li(Na)AlH4-Li(Na)NH2 systems

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Dolotko, Oleksandr; Zhang Haiqiao; Ugurlu, Ozan; Wiench, Jerzy W.; Pruski, Marek; Scott Chumbley, L.; Pecharsky, Vitalij

2007-01-01

Mechanochemical transformations of tetrahydroaluminates and amides of lithium and sodium have been investigated using gas volumetric analysis, X-ray powder diffraction, solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and transmission electron microscopy. In a transformation of LiAlH 4 and LiNH 2 taken in an 1:1 molar ratio, the amount of released hydrogen (6.6 wt.% after 30 min ball milling) was higher than in any known one pot mechanochemical process involving a hydrogen-containing solid. A total of 4.3 wt.% of hydrogen is released by the NaAlH 4 -NaNH 2 system after 60 min ball milling; and 5.2 wt.% H 2 is released when LiAlH 4 and NaNH 2 or NaAlH 4 and LiNH 2 are ball milled for 90 min and 120 min, respectively. All transformations proceed at room temperature. The mechanism of the overall transformation MAlH 4 (s) + MNH 2 (s) → 2MH(s) + AlN(s) + 2H 2 (g) was identified based on detailed spectroscopic analysis of the intermediate (M 3 AlH 6 ) and final products of the ball milling process

Makosa Yanayofanywa na Wanafunzi Wanaojifunza Kiswahili kama ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

Makala haya, yanashughulika na makosa ambayo hufanywa na wanafunzi wanaojifunza Kiswahili kama lugha ya pili katika shule za sekondari nchini Uganda. Mtafiti ameyaainisha makosa mbalimbali na kuyaeleza kiusahihi. Makala yanaeleza namna ambavyo makosa hayo hutokea. Yaani, kama ni makosa ...

Učinak video igre "Flappy Bird" na adolescente

OpenAIRE

Horvat, Marija

2018-01-01

Ovaj diplomski rad nastoji predstaviti uvid u učinke videoigre Flappy Bird na adolescente, fokusirajući se pritom na to potiče li ona nasilno ponašanje te nastoji odgovoriti na pitanje koliko je ta videoigra bila popularna među adolescentima u Hrvatskoj te po čemu je smatraju posebnom, tj. specifičnom. U tu svrhu provedeno je anketno istraživanje, a isti anketni upitnik proveden je na terenu i putem interneta te su uspoređeni rezultati. Anketni upitnik konstruiran je na način da se prvi dio u...

Perinatal Na+ Overload Programs Raised Renal Proximal Na+ Transport and Enalapril-Sensitive Alterations of Ang II Signaling Pathways during Adulthood

Science.gov (United States)

Cabral, Edjair V.; Vieira-Filho, Leucio D.; Silva, Paulo A.; Nascimento, Williams S.; Aires, Regina S.; Oliveira, Fabiana S. T.; Luzardo, Ricardo; Vieyra, Adalberto; Paixão, Ana D. O.

2012-01-01

Background High Na+ intake is a reality in nowadays and is frequently accompanied by renal and cardiovascular alterations. In this study, renal mechanisms underlying perinatal Na+ overload-programmed alterations in Na+ transporters and the renin/angiotensin system (RAS) were investigated, together with effects of short-term treatment with enalapril in terms of reprogramming molecular alterations in kidney. Methodology/Principal Findings Male adult Wistar rats were obtained from dams maintained throughout pregnancy and lactation on a standard diet and drinking water (control) or 0.17 M NaCl (saline group). Enalapril (100 mg/l), an angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor, was administered for three weeks after weaning. Ninety day old offspring from dams that drank saline presented with proximal tubules exhibiting increased (Na++K+)ATPase expression and activity. Ouabain-insensitive Na+-ATPase activity remained unchanged but its response to angiotensin II (Ang II) was lost. PKC, PKA, renal thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS), macrophage infiltration and collagen deposition markedly increased, and AT2 receptor expression decreased while AT1 expression was unaltered. Early treatment with enalapril reduced expression and activity of (Na++K+)ATPase, partially recovered the response of Na+-ATPase to Ang II, and reduced PKC and PKA activities independently of whether offspring were exposed to high perinatal Na+ or not. In addition, treatment with enalapril per se reduced AT2 receptor expression, and increased TBARS, macrophage infiltration and collagen deposition. The perinatally Na+-overloaded offspring presented high numbers of Ang II-positive cortical cells, and significantly lower circulating Ang I, indicating that programming/reprogramming impacted systemic and local RAS. Conclusions/Significance Maternal Na+ overload programmed alterations in renal Na+ transporters and in its regulation, as well as severe structural lesions in adult offspring. Enalapril

alpha-Adducin mutations increase Na/K pump activity in renal cells by affecting constitutive endocytosis: implications for tubular Na reabsorption.

Science.gov (United States)

Torielli, Lucia; Tivodar, Simona; Montella, Rosa Chiara; Iacone, Roberto; Padoani, Gloria; Tarsini, Paolo; Russo, Ornella; Sarnataro, Daniela; Strazzullo, Pasquale; Ferrari, Patrizia; Bianchi, Giuseppe; Zurzolo, Chiara

2008-08-01

Genetic variation in alpha-adducin cytoskeletal protein is implicated in the polymerization and bundling of actin and alteration of the Na/K pump, resulting in abnormal renal sodium transport and hypertension in Milan hypertensive rats and humans. To investigate the molecular involvement of alpha-adducin in controlling Na/K pump activity, wild-type or mutated rat and human alpha-adducin forms were, respectively, transfected into several renal cell lines. Through multiple experimental approaches (microscopy, enzymatic assays, coimmunoprecipitation), we showed that rat and human mutated forms increased Na/K pump activity and the number of pump units; moreover, both variants coimmunoprecipitate with Na/K pump. The increased Na/K pump activity was not due to changes in its basolateral localization, but to an alteration of Na/K pump residential time on the plasma membrane. Indeed, both rat and human mutated variants reduced constitutive Na/K pump endocytosis and similarly affected transferrin receptor trafficking and fluid-phase endocytosis. In fact, alpha-adducin was detected in clathrin-coated vesicles and coimmunoprecipitated with clathrin. These results indicate that adducin, besides its modulatory effects on actin cytoskeleton dynamics, might play a direct role in clathrin-dependent endocytosis. The constitutive reduction of the Na/K pump endocytic rate induced by mutated adducin variants may be relevant in Na-dependent hypertension.

VPLIV OSEBNOSTI NA STILE VODENJA

OpenAIRE

Vučak, Petra

2009-01-01

Nekatere naše vrline krasijo zlate lastnosti, druge pa kvarijo sivi odtenki. Če bi ljudje razumeli in spoznali svojo osebnost, ter osebnostne tipe drugih ljudi, bi se problemi pri komunikaciji občutno zmanjšali. Takrat bi namreč lažje uvideli, zakaj je nekdo reagiral na način, kot je ali zakaj je nekdo dejal to, kar je. Smisel tega je, da spoznamo svoje dobre lastnosti, ki jih lahko še bolj razvijemo, slabe pa poskušamo nadzorovati in tako zmanjšati njihov vpliv. Iskanje uspešnih in učink...

VPLIV CENE NA ZADOVOLJSTVO IN ZVESTOBO UPORABNIKOV TELEKOMUNIKACIJSKIH STORITEV

OpenAIRE

Majcen, Mateja

2016-01-01

Cena izdelka ali storitve, ki jo plača uporabnik, ima pomemben vpliv na zadovoljstvo ali nezadovoljstvo uporabnika z uporabo tega izdelka ali storitve in posledično na zadovoljstvo do podjetja. Glede na to, da se različni avtorji strinjajo in to tudi dokazujejo z raziskavami, zadovoljstvo nedvoumno vpliva na zvestobo uporabnika, zvestoba pa na dolgoročno uspešnost podjetja, smo v delu ugotavljali, kako sama cena storitve vpliva na zadovoljstvo in kako posredno preko zadovoljstva vpliva na zve...

NaI(Tl) electron energy resolution

CERN Document Server

Mengesha, W

2002-01-01

NaI(Tl) electron energy resolution eta sub e was measured using the Modified Compton Coincidence Technique (MCCT). The MCCT allowed detection of nearly monoenergetic internal electrons resulting from the scattering of incident 662 keV gamma rays within a primary NaI(Tl) detector. Scattered gamma rays were detected using a secondary HPGe detector in a coincidence mode. Measurements were carried out for electron energies ranging from 16 to 438 keV, by varying the scattering angle. Measured HPGe coincidence spectra were deconvolved to determine the scattered energy spectra from the NaI(Tl) detector. Subsequently, the NaI(Tl) electron energy spectra were determined by subtracting the energy of scattered spectra from the incident source energy (662 keV). Using chi-squared minimization, iterative deconvolution of the internal electron energy spectra from the measured NaI(Tl) spectra was then used to determine eta sub e at the electron energy of interest. eta sub e values determined using this technique represent va...

Quantitative (23) Na MRI of human knee cartilage using dual-tuned (1) H/(23) Na transceiver array radiofrequency coil at 7 tesla.

Science.gov (United States)

Moon, Chan Hong; Kim, Jung-Hwan; Zhao, Tiejun; Bae, Kyongtae Ty

2013-11-01

To develop quantitative dual-tuned (DT) (1) H/(23) Na MRI of human knee cartilage in vivo at 7 Tesla (T). A sensitive (23) Na transceiver array RF coil was developed at 7T. B1 fields generated by the transceiver array coil were characterized and corrected in the (23) Na images. Point spread function (PSF) of the (23) Na images was measured, and the signal decrease due to partial-volume-effect was compensated in [(23) Na] quantification of knee cartilage. SNR and [(23) Na] in anterior femoral cartilage were measured from seven healthy subjects. SNR of (23) Na image with the transceiver array coil was higher than that of birdcage coil. SNR in the cartilage at 2-mm isotropic resolution was 26.80 ± 3.69 (n = 7). B1 transmission and reception fields produced by the DT coil at 7T were similar to each other. Effective full-width-half-maximum of (23) Na image was ∼5 mm at 2-mm resolution. Mean [(23) Na] was 288.13 ± 29.50 mM (n = 7) in the anterior femoral cartilage of normal subjects. We developed a new high-sensitivity (23) Na RF coil for knee MRI at 7T. Our (1) H/(23) Na MRI allowed quantitative measurement of [(23) Na] in knee cartilage by measuring PSF and cartilage thickness from (23) Na and (1) H image, respectively. Copyright © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

Razvitak naselja na kvarnerskim otocima - primjer Dobrinja

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Marijan Bradanović

2012-12-01

Full Text Available Na dosad slabo poznatom i sa stajališta povijesti umjetnosti još posve neobrađenom primjeru Dobrinja na otoku Krku, raspravlja se o razvitku naselja na kvarnerskim otocima. Uz isticanje štetnosti dosad prevladavajućih uopćavanja, karakteristični položaj i razvitak Dobrinja tumače se u širem, komparativnom kontekstu. Analiziraju se prostiranje i obilježja pojedinih dijelova ovog naselja, a naglasak je na vremenu kasnog srednjeg i ranijeg novog vijeka. Tada je najuži dio povijesnog središta Dobrinja poprimio čvrstu, na tlorisnoj osnovi i danas, usprkos opsežnim pregradnjama i arhitektonskim preinakama, jasno uočljivu, urbanu fizionomiju.

Faktor-Faktor yang Berhubungan dengan Perilaku Seksual Remaja di Kota Padang

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Mahmudah .

2016-08-01

Full Text Available  AbstrakRendahnya pengetahuan tentang kesehatan reproduksi dan kontrol dari orangtua dapat membuat remaja berperilaku seksual berisiko. Banyak factor yang dapat mempengaruhi perilaku seksual remaja. Di Sumatera Barat, Padang menduduki urutan ke 3 terbanyak remaja berperilaku seksual berisiko setelah Payakumbuh dan Bukit Tinggi. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk melihat faktor-faktor yang berhubungan dengan perilaku seksual remaja di Kota Padang. Jenis penelitian ini adalah analitik dengan desain cross sectional. Jumlah sampel dalam penelitian ini adalah 158 orang yang diambil dengan cara multistage random sampling. Analisis data dilakukan dengan uji chi-square dengan tingkat kemaknaan 95%. Hasil analisis menunjukkan responden yang berperilaku seksual berisiko (20,9%, jenis kelamin laki-laki (38,6%, pubertas di usia <11 tahun (6,3%, tingkat pengetahuan kurang ((1,9%, mendapat paparan tinggi dengan sumber informasi seksual (19,6% dan yang memiliki sikap negatif (34,8%. Variabel yang memiliki nilai p<0,05 adalah jenis kelamin, paparan dengan sumber informasi seksual dan sikap terhadap berbagai perilaku seksual. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa perilaku seksual remaja di Kota Padang dipengaruhi oleh jenis kelamin laki-laki, paparan tinggi dengan sumber informasi seksual dan sikap negatif terhadap berbagai perilaku seksual.Kata kunci: perilaku seksual, remaja, faktor yang mempengaruhi AbstractLack of knowledge about reproduction health and parents control can make adolescent have risky sexual behavior. Many factors that can related sexual behavior in adolescent. In West Sumatera, Padang city is on rank 3rd after Payakumbuh and Bukit Tinggi who have most adolescent with risky sexual behavior. The objective of this study was to observe the factors that can be related to adolescent sexual behavior in Padang. Type of this research was analytic with cross sectional study.  Total samples in this research were 158 respondents which are taken by multistage random

SUB’HAA

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Harisnal Hadi

2017-08-01

Full Text Available The preparation of the artwork entitled "Subhaa", is inspired by the Minangkabau cultural phenomenon. This work focuses on the feelings of children who will be circumcised, the pressure and fear felt by the child who will be circumcised tilled in the form of Polymetrik art works. Circumcision or commonly called Basunaik by Minangkabau society is a Sunna that must be run boys of Islam; indirectly circumcision is also required for boys in Minangkabau. In the area of darek (mainland khitan has its own ceremony, begins with a child who will be circumcised is brought to the bako house to change his clothes, then paraded around the village, after arriving at home circumcised will be held. In the evening there will be entertainment in the form of randai and bagurau saluang. This piece of music is in the form of a new composition. The performance focuses more on the composition of sound as a contextual meaning to be conveyed to the appreciator. This work is a little contrary to the aesthetics that have been awakened in the brain and soul of the arts in the Sendratasik Department of FBS Universitas Negeri Padang. But it cannot be denied that a new works will create its own aesthetic realm. Keywords: Basunaik, Artwork Music. Abstrak Penyusunan karya seni yang berjudul “Subhaa”, ini terinspirasi dari fenomena budaya Minangkabau. Karya ini menitik beratkan garapan pada perasaan anak yang akan dikhitan, tekanan dan ketakutan yang dirasakan oleh anak yang akan dikhitan digarap dalam bentuk penggarapan Polymetrik. Khitan atau biasa disebut Basunaik oleh masyarakat Minangkabau merupakan sunah yang harus dijalankan anak laki-laki Islam, secara tidak langsung khitan juga diwajibkan bagi anak laki-laki di Minangkabau. Di daerah darek (daratan khitan memiliki upacara tersendiri, diawali dengan anak yang akan dikhitan dibawa ke rumah bako untuk mengganti baju, lalu diarak keliling kampung, setelah sampai di rumah baru diadakan khitan, malamnya diadakan hiburan

Investigation of sodalites for conditioning halide salts (NaCl and NaI): Comparison of two synthesis routes

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Bardez, Isabelle; Campayo, Lionel; Rigaud, Danielle; Chartier, Myriam; Calvet, Aurelie [CEA, Laboratoire d' Etudes des Materiaux Ceramiques pour le Conditionnement, Site de Marcoule, Batiment 208, B.P. 17171, 30207 Bagnols sur Ceze cedex (France)

2008-07-01

Sodalites with the general formula Na{sub 8}Al{sub 6}Si{sub 6}O{sub 24}X{sub 2} (where X = Cl or I) were investigated for ceramic conditioning of halide salts (NaCl and NaI). Because of the tendency of halides to volatilize at high temperature, two synthesis routes were tested to optimize the halide content in the sodalite phase. The first is based on heating at high temperature of a [nepheline NaAlSiO{sub 4} + salt] mixture prepared by a dry process. The second, performed at low temperature, consists of the reaction in aqueous media between kaolinite (Al{sub 2}Si{sub 2}O{sub 5}(OH){sub 4}), sodium hydroxide (NaOH) and the salt. The present study compares these two syntheses and examines differences between chloro-sodalite and iodo-sodalite based on X-ray diffraction and infrared spectroscopy. The next step will consist in sintering the resulting powder samples to obtain dense ceramics. (authors)

Dissolution of targets for the production of Mo-99: Part 1. Influence of NaOH concentration and the addition of NaNO3 and NaNO2 on the dissolution time

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Camilo, Ruth L.; Araujo, Izilda da C.; Mindrisz, Ana C.; Forbicini, Christina A.L.G. de O.

2011-01-01

Faced with global crisis in the production of radioisotope 99 Mo, which product of decay, 99 mTc, is the tracer element most often used in nuclear medicine and accounts for about 80% of all diagnostic procedures in vivo, since September 2008 Brazil is developing the project called Brazilian Multipurpose Reactor (RMB). Within the Brazilian Nuclear Program (PNB) the construction of the RMB, is seen as a long term solution to meet all domestic demand relative to the supply of radioisotopes and radiopharmaceuticals. In the process to be studied to obtain 99 Mo from irradiated UA1 x -A1 LEU targets employing alkaline dissolution, processing time should be minimized, considering the short half life of 99 Mo and 99 mTc, about 66 h and 6 h, respectively. That makes dissolution time a significant factor in the development of the process. This paper presents the results of alkaline dissolution of scraps of Al, used to simulate the dissolution process of UA1 x -A1 targets. Al corresponds to about 79% of the total weight of the UA1 x -A1 target. The effect of NaOH concentration on dissolution time for the interval of 1 to 3.5 mol.L-1 was studied, keeping the molar ratio in 1Al:2.16NaOH and the initial temperature of 88 degree C. The influence of reagent composition over dissolution time was studied using three different solutions: a) 3 mol.L -1 NaOH, b) 3 mol.L -1 NaOH/NaNO 3 and c) 3 mol.L -1 NaOH/NaNO 2 , keeping the same molar ratio and temperature. The results showed that the dissolution time decreases with increasing NaOH concentration and the addition of NaNO 3 or NaNO 2 in the NaOH solution reduces both dissolution time and volume of gases released. (author)

Magnetic upconverting fluorescent NaGdF4:Ln3+ and iron-oxide@NaGdF4:Ln3+ nanoparticles

Science.gov (United States)

Shrivastava, Navadeep; Rocha, Uéslen; Muraca, Diego; Jacinto, Carlos; Moreno, Sergio; Vargas, J. M.; Sharma, S. K.

2018-05-01

Microwave assisted solvothermal method has been employed to synthesize multifunctional upconverting β-NaGdF4:Ln3+ and magnetic-upconverting Fe3O4/γ-Fe2O3@NaGdF4:Ln3+ (Ln = Yb and Er) nanoparticles. The powder x-ray diffraction data confirms the hexagonal structure of NaGdF4:Ln3+ and high resolution transmission electron microscopy shows the formation of rod shaped NaGdF4:Ln3+ (˜ 20 nm) and ovoid shaped Fe3O4/γ-Fe2O3@NaGdF4:Ln3+ (˜ 15 nm) nanoparticles. The magnetic hysteresis at 300 K for β-NaGdF4:Ln3+ demonstrates paramagnetic features, whereas iron-oxide@β-NaGdF4:Ln3+ exhibits superparamagnetic behavior along with a linear component at large applied field due to paramagnetic NaGdF4 matrix. Both nanoparticle samples provide an excellent green emitting [(2H11/2, 4S3/2)→4I15/2 (˜ 540 nm)] upconversion luminescence emission under excitation at 980 nm. The energy migration between Yb and Er in NaGdF4 matrix has been explored from 300-800 nm. Intensity variation of blue, green and red lines and the observed luminescence quenching due to the presence of Fe3O4/γ-Fe2O3 in the composite has been proposed. These kinds of materials contain magnetic and luminescence characteristics into single nanoparticle open new possibility for bioimaging applications.

The plant vacuolar Na+/H+ antiport.

Science.gov (United States)

Barkla, B J; Apse, M P; Manolson, M F; Blumwald, E

1994-01-01

Salt stress imposes severe limitations on plant growth, however, the extent of growth reduction depends upon the soil salinity level and the plant species. One of the mechanisms employed by salt tolerant plants is the effective vacuolar compartmentalization of sodium. The sequestration of sodium into the vacuole occurs by the operation of a Na+/H+ antiport located at the tonoplast. Evidence for a plant vacuolar Na+/H+ antiport has been demonstrated in tissues, intact vacuoles and isolated tonoplast vesicles. In sugar beet cell suspensions, the activity of the vacuolar Na+/H+ antiport increased with increasing NaCl concentrations in the growth medium. This increased activity was correlated with the increased synthesis of a 170 kDa tonoplast polypeptide. In vivo labelling of tonoplast proteins showed the enhanced synthesis of the 170 kDa polypeptide not only upon exposure of the cells to salt, but also when the cells were grown in the presence of amiloride. Exposure of the cells to amiloride also resulted in increased vacuolar Na+/H+ antiport activity. Polyclonal antibodies raised against the 170 kDa polypeptide almost completely inhibited the antiport activity, suggesting the association of this protein with the plant vacuolar Na+/H+ antiport. Antibodies against the Na+/H+ antiport-associated polypeptide were used to screen a Beta lambda ZAP expression library. A partial clone of 1.65 kb was sequenced and found to encode a polypeptide with a putative transmembrane domain and a large hydrophilic C terminus. This clone showed no homology to any previously cloned gene at either the nucleic acid or the amino acid level.

Correlation of the Na2SiO3 to NaOH Ratios and Solid to Liquid Ratios to the Kedah’s Soil Strength

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Nur Hamzah Hazamaah

2016-01-01

Full Text Available Geopolymer was used for the soil stabilization of Kedah’s soil at different ratios of solid to liquid and Na2SiO3 to NaOH in order to achieve the desired compressive strength. The geopolymerization process which produces an aluminosilicate gel was occurred due to the mixing of Kedah’s soil and fly ash with Na2SiO3 and NaOH. Soil stabilization by geopolymer was synthesized by the activation of fly ash and Kedah’s soil with Na2SiO3 and NaOH at different ratios of solid to liquid (1.5, 2.0, 2.5 and 3.0 and Na2SiO3 to NaOH (0.5, 1.0, 1.5, 2.0, 2.5 and 3.0 at a specific constant concentration of NaOH solution of 6M. The compressive strength up to 5.12 MPa was obtained at 3.0 of solid to liquid ratio and 2.5 of Na2SiO3 to NaOH ratio in 7 days curing at room temperature.

Near resonant charge transfer in Na(4D)+K+ → Na++K*: Optical pumping of the Na(4D) state and energy dependence of rank 4 alignment

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Campbell, E.E.B.; Huelser, H.; Witte, R.; Hertel, I.V.

1990-01-01

Rank 4 alignment has been observed in a quasi one electron system. Relative charge transfer cross sections of the Na 4dσ, 4dπ and 4dδ sublevels for the K + +Na(4D)→K * +Na + system have been measured. A strong energy dependence is observed. The results at energies less than 1 keV may be attributed to rotational coupling of the Na 4dπ state to the K 4fδ state. The Na atom is excited in a two-step process, the first step being excitation to the 3 2 P 3/2 level with a two-mode laser to pump from both hyperfine levels of the ground state simultaneously. This two-mode laser is described in detail. The optical pumping problem is solved using rate equations. The general formula for describing the scattering intensity for cylindrical symmetry, in terms of multipole moments, for atoms excited by two linearly polarised lasers is derived and used to evaluate the experimental results. (orig.)

Thermodynamic description of Tc(iv) solubility and carbonate complexation in alkaline NaHCO3-Na2CO3-NaCl systems.

Science.gov (United States)

Baumann, A; Yalçıntaş, E; Gaona, X; Polly, R; Dardenne, K; Prüßmann, T; Rothe, J; Altmaier, M; Geckeis, H

2018-03-28

The solubility of 99 Tc(iv) was investigated in dilute to concentrated carbonate solutions (0.01 M ≤ C tot ≤ 1.0 M, with C tot = [HCO 3 - ] + [CO 3 2- ]) under systematic variation of ionic strength (I = 0.3-5.0 M NaHCO 3 -Na 2 CO 3 -NaCl-NaOH) and pH m (-log[H + ] = 8.5-14.5). Strongly reducing conditions (pe + pH m ≈ 2) were set with Sn(ii). Carbonate enhances the solubility of Tc(iv) in alkaline conditions by up to 3.5 log 10 -units compared to carbonate-free systems. Solvent extraction and XANES confirmed that Tc was kept as +IV during the timeframe of the experiments (≤ 650 days). Solid phase characterization performed by XAFS, XRD, SEM-EDS, chemical analysis and TG-DTA confirmed that TcO 2 ·0.6H 2 O(am) controls the solubility of Tc(iv) under the conditions investigated. Slope analysis of the solubility data in combination with solid/aqueous phase characterization and DFT calculations indicate the predominance of the species Tc(OH) 3 CO 3 - at pH m ≤ 11 and C tot ≥ 0.01 M, for which thermodynamic and activity models are derived. Solubility data obtained above pH m ≈ 11 indicates the formation of previously unreported Tc(iv)-carbonate species, possibly Tc(OH) 4 CO 3 2- , although the likely formation of additional complexes prevents deriving a thermodynamic model valid for this pH m -region. This work provides the most comprehensive thermodynamic dataset available for the system Tc 4+ -Na + -Cl - -OH - -HCO 3 - -CO 3 2- -H 2 O(l) valid under a range of conditions relevant for nuclear waste disposal.

Stimulation of Na+/K+ ATPase activity and Na+ coupled glucose transport by β-catenin

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Sopjani, Mentor; Alesutan, Ioana; Wilmes, Jan; Dermaku-Sopjani, Miribane; Lam, Rebecca S.; Koutsouki, Evgenia; Jakupi, Muharrem; Foeller, Michael; Lang, Florian

2010-01-01

Research highlights: → The oncogenic transcription factor β-catenin stimulates the Na + /K + -ATPase. → β-Catenin stimulates SGLT1 dependent Na + , glucose cotransport. → The effects are independent of transcription. → β-Catenin sensitive transport may contribute to properties of proliferating cells. -- Abstract: β-Catenin is a multifunctional protein stimulating as oncogenic transcription factor several genes important for cell proliferation. β-Catenin-regulated genes include the serum- and glucocorticoid-inducible kinase SGK1, which is known to stimulate a variety of transport systems. The present study explored the possibility that β-catenin influences membrane transport. To this end, β-catenin was expressed in Xenopus oocytes with or without SGLT1 and electrogenic transport determined by dual electrode voltage clamp. As a result, expression of β-catenin significantly enhanced the ouabain-sensitive current of the endogeneous Na + /K + -ATPase. Inhibition of vesicle trafficking by brefeldin A revealed that the stimulatory effect of β-catenin on the endogenous Na + /K + -ATPase was not due to enhanced stability of the pump protein in the cell membrane. Expression of β-catenin further enhanced glucose-induced current (Ig) in SGLT1-expressing oocytes. In the absence of SGLT1 Ig was negligible irrespective of β-catenin expression. The stimulating effect of β-catenin on both Na + /K + ATPase and SGLT1 activity was observed even in the presence of actinomycin D, an inhibitor of transcription. The experiments disclose a completely novel function of β-catenin, i.e. the regulation of transport.

Explosive phenomena in heavily irradiated NaCl

NARCIS (Netherlands)

denHartog, HW; Vainshtein, DI; Matthews, GE; Williams, RT

1997-01-01

In heavily irradiated NaCl crystals explosive phenomena can be initiated during irradiation or afterwards when samples are heated to temperatures between 100 and 250 degrees C. During irradiation of NaCl Na and Cl-2 precipitates and void structures are produced along with the accumulation of stored

Crystallographic characterization of cement pastes hydrated with NaCl; Caracterizacao cristalografica de pastas de cimento hidratadas com NaCl

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Melo, Carina Gabriela de Melo e; Martinelli, Antonio Eduardo; Melo, Dulce Maria Araujo; Melo, Marcus Antonio de Freitas; Melo, Vitor Rodrigo de Melo e [Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Natal, RN (Brazil)

2012-07-01

One of the major current challenges faced by oil companies is the exploration of pre salt basins. Salt layers deposited upon the evaporation of ocean water and continental separation are mainly formed by NaCl and isolate immense oil reservoirs. The mechanical stability and zonal isolation of oil wells that run through salt layers must be fulfilled by cement sheaths saturated with NaCl to assure chemical compatibility between cement and salt layer. The present study aimed at evaluating the effect of NaCl addition on the hydration of oil well cement slurries as well as identifying the nature of crystalline phases present in the hardened cement. To that end, cement slurries containing NaCl were mixed, hardened and characterized by X-ray diffraction. The results revealed that the presence of NaCl affects the formation of hydration products by the presence of Friedel's salt. The intensity of the corresponding peaks increase as the contents of NaCl in the slurry increase. High concentrations of NaCl in Portland slurries increase the setting time of cement and the presence of Friedel's salt decreases the strength of the hardened cement. (author)

Estereótipos na comunicação intercultural: o caso do intercâmbio cultural na PUCRS

OpenAIRE

Espindola, Polianne Merie

2010-01-01

Este é um estudo da estereotipia existente na comunicação intercultural. O objetivo é entender a natureza do estereótipo mental e seu papel na comunicação entre interlocutores de culturas distintas. Para tanto, observa os estudantes estrangeiros em programas de intercâmbio no campus da Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul. O estudo define o conceito de estereótipo e explicita seu papel na comunicação intercultural; verifica sua relevância na construção das narrativas entre cu...

VPLIV ULCEROZNEGA KOLITISA NA KAKOVOST ŽIVLJENJA

OpenAIRE

Dugi, Maja

2015-01-01

Pri vsaki bolezni je zelo pomembna kakovost življenja pacientov. Ulcerozni kolitis je kronična bolezen, ki je znana po obdobjih mirovanja in izbruhov, kar definitivno vpliva na posameznika, ki se s tem spopada. Sooča se z raznimi omejitvami, ki vplivajo na njegov vsakdan. Rezultati raziskave so pokazali, da je kakovost življenja bolnikov z ulceroznim kolitisom izrazito okrnjena. Ne le, da se spopadajo z bolečino, ampak tudi s psihičnimi in socialnimi posledicami, ki vplivajo na fizične aktivn...

Análise do efeito imunomodulador da ouabaína na inflamação e nocicepção

OpenAIRE

Vasconcelos, Danielle Ingrid Bezerra de

2011-01-01

A Ouabaína é um glicosídeo cardiotônico, inibidor da Na+/K+-ATPase, utilizada na clínica para o tratamento de insuficiência cardíaca. Atualmente, sabe-se que essa substância é endógena, e capaz de interferir em várias funções fisiológicas, inclusive em diversos aspectos do sistema imunológico. Apesar disso, pouco se sabe sobre seu envolvimento em processos inflamatórios e nociceptivos. Neste trabalho, foi avaliada a atividade da Ouabaína na inflamação aguda desencadeada pela ad...

Erythrocyte 22Na+ influx in hypertension

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Shalev, O.; Eaton, J.W.; Ben-Ishay, D.

1984-01-01

We assessed 22Na+ uptake by erythrocytes (RBC) from 38 individuals with essential hypertension and 37 healthy controls. All subjects were male, white, non-obese and with normal renal function, obviating sex, race, hormonal, ponderal and renal factors known to influence RBC Na+ handling. The mean +/- sem 22Na+ uptake of the patients was 284 +/- 16 mumole/liter RBC/hour while that of normal controls was 249 +/- 11 mumole/liter RBC/hour; although the difference reached borderline significance, individual values showed considerable overlap. Consequently, in our population, RBC 22Na+ uptake is not a reliable marker for essential hypertension. We believe that previous studies should be reassessed with regard to patients' characteristics and future studies employ rigorous criteria in selection of subjects

O grotesco na imagem publicitária

OpenAIRE

Silva, Maria João Barros

2013-01-01

O significado da palavra grotesco teve um começo puramente artístico numa descoberta, de imagens de figuras humanas deformadas e alteradas. No entanto, este foi evoluindo e adotando novos significados mais amplos e concretos na atualidade. É possível encontrar vários exemplos do grotesco em várias plataformas, como no cinema, na televisão e na literatura. Neste sentido, para se poder proceder ao estudo desta temática é fundamental a conquista do conhecimento sobre o estatuto do grotesco na pu...

Gravidez na adolescência: tendência na produção científica de enfermagem

OpenAIRE

Gurgel, Maria Glêdes Ibiapina; Alves, Maria Dalva Santos; Vieira, Neiva Francenely Cunha; Pinheiro, Patrícia Neyva da Costa; Barroso, Grasiela Teixeira

2008-01-01

A gravidez em adolescentes tem implicações biológica, psicológica, social, econômica e cultural. O estudo exploratório, descritivo e bibliográfico objetivou identificar as concepções da gravidez na adolescência, sujeito, vulnerabilidade e gênero, presentes na produção científica de Enfermagem. Foram selecionados intencionalmente quatro periódicos brasileiros e dois da América Latina indexados de 2002 a 2006 na Scientific Electronic Library. Dos 1.472 artigos identificados, 43 tinham como temá...

Neutralization of Na2PO4: Reaction between Na3PO4 and CaCL2

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Xia Shenglan; Wang Luning

1990-01-01

The results of reaction Na 3 PO 4 with CaCl 2 in water at ambient and higher temperature are described. The reaction rate of Na 3 PO 4 with CaCl 2 is slow at ambient temperature and the reaction is complete at 260 deg C after 2 h. The products are Ca(OH) 2 and Ca 5 (PO 4 ) 3 (OH). The quantity of them is dependent upon the quanity of Na 3 PO 4 and CaCl 2 contained in water, all of them control pH of water

Raman scattering and lattice stability of NaAlH{sub 4} and Na{sub 3}AlH{sub 6}

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Yukawa, H. [Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya University, Chikusa-Ku, Nagoya 464-8603 (Japan)], E-mail: hiroshi@numse.nagoya-u.ac.jp; Morisaku, N.; Li, Y.; Komiya, K.; Rong, R.; Shinzato, Y. [Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya University, Chikusa-Ku, Nagoya 464-8603 (Japan); Sekine, R. [Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Shizuoka University, 836 Ohya, Shizuoka 422-8529 (Japan); Morinaga, M. [Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya University, Chikusa-Ku, Nagoya 464-8603 (Japan)

2007-10-31

In situ Raman spectroscopy measurements have been performed during the decomposition of NaAlH{sub 4} in order to investigate the transition from the four-coordinated complex anion, [AlH{sub 4}]{sup -}, in NaAlH{sub 4} to the six-coordinated complex anion, [AlH{sub 6}]{sup 3-}, in Na{sub 3}AlH{sub 6}. Also, the local geometry and the Al-H vibrations are analyzed theoretically by the first-principle calculations of the electronic structures. It is found that the Raman sift at 1765 cm{sup -1} for the Al-H stretching vibration in NaAlH{sub 4} shifts towards the higher frequency side, 1801 cm{sup -1} upon melting. This Raman spectrum for the liquid phase recovers to the original position when it is cooled down to room temperature before Na{sub 3}AlH{sub 6} start to appear. The Raman peak around 1800 cm{sup -1} is still observed after the decomposition of NaAlH{sub 4} occurs to precipitate Na{sub 3}AlH{sub 6}. However, this peak does not recover to its original position by cooling, but still persists in the sample cooled down to room temperature. From these results, the intermediate transition state during the decomposition of NaAlH{sub 4} into Na{sub 3}AlH{sub 6} is discussed. In addition, it is shown from a series of calculation that the highest frequency of the Al-H vibration correlates with the shortest Al-H bond length in the MAlH{sub 4}-type and its derivative complex hydrides.

Predstave o seksu u filmovima na temu postapokalipse

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Ana Banić-Grubišić

2016-03-01

Full Text Available Rad se bavi načinima predstavljanja seksualnih odnosa u filmovima na temu postapokalipse. Razmatraju se različiti oblici/vrste seksualnih veza, koje se javljaju u postkataklizmičnom okruženju, u odnosu na dva tipa zajednica/društava koja nastaju nakon kraja sveta. Ti filmovi pokazuju koliko je ideja o nagonskoj, prirodnoj, biološkoj seksualnosti raširena u popularnoj imaginaciji – seks je u postapokalipsi predstavljen kao pokretačka sila, na isti način kao što je to i glad.

23Na and 35/37Cl as NMR probes of growth and shape of sodium taurodeoxycholate micellar aggregates in the presence of NaCl.

Science.gov (United States)

Asaro, Fioretta; Feruglio, Luigi; Galantini, Luciano; Nardelli, Alessia

2013-02-15

The growth of the aggregates of the dihydroxylated bile salt sodium taurodeoxycholate (NaTDC) upon NaCl addition and the involvement of the counterion were investigated by NMR spectroscopy of monoatomic ionic species. (23)Na T(1) values from 0.015, 0.100, and 0.200 mol kg(-1) NaTDC solutions in D(2)O, at variable NaCl content, proved to be sensitive to the transition from primary to secondary aggregates, which occurs in the former sample, and to intermicellar interaction. Some (79)Br NMR measurements were performed on a 0.100 mol kg(-1) NaTDC sample added by NaBr in place of NaCl for comparison purposes. The (23)Na, (35)Cl, and (37)Cl double quantum filtered (DQF) patterns, from the 0.100 mol kg(-1) NaTDC sample, and (23)Na ones also from the 0.200 mol kg(-1) NaTDC one, in the presence of 0.750 mol kg(-1) NaCl, are a clear manifestation of motional anisotropy. Moreover, the DQF spectra of (23)Na and (37)Cl, which possess close quadrupole moments, display a striking similarity. The DQF lineshapes were simulated exploiting the Scilab environment to obtain an estimate of the residual quadrupole splitting magnitude. These results support the description of NaTDC micelles as cylindrical aggregates, strongly interacting at high ionic strengths, and capable of association with added electrolytes. Copyright © 2012 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Robust high pressure stability and negative thermal expansion in sodium-rich antiperovskites Na3OBr and Na4OI2

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Wang, Yonggang; Wen, Ting; Park, Changyong; Kenney-Benson, Curtis; Pravica, Michael; Zhao, Yusheng; Yang, Wenge

2016-01-01

The structure stability under high pressure and thermal expansion behavior of Na 3 OBr and Na 4 OI 2 , two prototypes of alkali-metal-rich antiperovskites, were investigated by in situ synchrotron X-ray diffraction techniques under high pressure and low temperature. Both are soft materials with bulk modulus of 58.6 GPa and 52.0 GPa for Na 3 OBr and Na 4 OI 2 , respectively. The cubic Na 3 OBr structure and tetragonal Na 4 OI 2 with intergrowth K 2 NiF 4 structure are stable under high pressure up to 23 GPa. Although being a characteristic layered structure, Na 4 OI 2 exhibits nearly isotropic compressibility. Negative thermal expansion was observed at low temperature range (20–80 K) in both transition-metal-free antiperovskites for the first time. The robust high pressure structure stability was examined and confirmed by first-principles calculations among various possible polymorphisms qualitatively. The results provide in-depth understanding of the negative thermal expansion and robust crystal structure stability of these antiperovskite systems and their potential applications

Thermoluminescence and F centers of manganese doped NaCl and NaCl-CKl crystals exposed to gamma radiation

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Somera, L.; Cruz Z, E.; Roman L, J.; Hernandez A, J. M.; Murrieta S, H.

2015-10-01

Alkali halides crystals doped with rare earths or transition metals have been widely studied due to the luminescence properties. In particular, NaCl and KCl single crystals present thermally stimulated luminescence (Tl) after gamma irradiation. The NaCl and the NaCl KCl mixed crystal doped with manganese (MnCl 2 ) impurity were grown by using the Czochralski method. The emission characteristic of Mn 2+ was observed at 543 nm. The crystals were exposed between 0.02 and 10 kGy gamma dose from 60 Co irradiator. Optical absorption at room temperature shows the peaked band at 452 nm corresponding to the manganese impurity. The F bands, was ascribed to the electron trapped in the anion vacancy in the lattice, were obtained at 452 nm and 455 nm belonging to NaCl:Mn and NaCl KCl:Mn, respectively. The F band increases as the doses increase and it was bleaching by the UV light at 470 nm. The glow curves of the samples show the first glow peak between 92-103 degrees C, while the second main peak was observed at 183 degrees C for the undoped NaCl and at 148 and 165 degrees C for the NaCl:Mn and NaCl-KCl:Mn, respectively. The main peak was slowly bleaching when the irradiated sample was illuminated with F (470 nm) light. Optical bleaching confirms that the F center has an important participation in the thermoluminescent response. The glow curves structure from the thermal bleaching suggests the participation of different kind of traps. Also, the kinetics parameters such as activation energy (E), frequency factor (s) and the kinetic order (b) were investigated. (Author)

Thermoluminescence and F centers of manganese doped NaCl and NaCl-CKl crystals exposed to gamma radiation

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Somera, L.; Cruz Z, E.; Roman L, J. [UNAM, Instituto de Ciencias Nucleares, Circuito Exterior, Ciudad Universitaria, 04510 Mexico D. F. (Mexico); Hernandez A, J. M.; Murrieta S, H., E-mail: ecruz@nucleares.unam.mx [UNAM, Instituto de Fisica, Circuito Exterior, Ciudad Universitaria, 04510 Mexico D. F. (Mexico)

2015-10-15

Alkali halides crystals doped with rare earths or transition metals have been widely studied due to the luminescence properties. In particular, NaCl and KCl single crystals present thermally stimulated luminescence (Tl) after gamma irradiation. The NaCl and the NaCl KCl mixed crystal doped with manganese (MnCl{sub 2}) impurity were grown by using the Czochralski method. The emission characteristic of Mn{sup 2+} was observed at 543 nm. The crystals were exposed between 0.02 and 10 kGy gamma dose from {sup 60}Co irradiator. Optical absorption at room temperature shows the peaked band at 452 nm corresponding to the manganese impurity. The F bands, was ascribed to the electron trapped in the anion vacancy in the lattice, were obtained at 452 nm and 455 nm belonging to NaCl:Mn and NaCl KCl:Mn, respectively. The F band increases as the doses increase and it was bleaching by the UV light at 470 nm. The glow curves of the samples show the first glow peak between 92-103 degrees C, while the second main peak was observed at 183 degrees C for the undoped NaCl and at 148 and 165 degrees C for the NaCl:Mn and NaCl-KCl:Mn, respectively. The main peak was slowly bleaching when the irradiated sample was illuminated with F (470 nm) light. Optical bleaching confirms that the F center has an important participation in the thermoluminescent response. The glow curves structure from the thermal bleaching suggests the participation of different kind of traps. Also, the kinetics parameters such as activation energy (E), frequency factor (s) and the kinetic order (b) were investigated. (Author)

Occlusion of /sup 22/Na+ and /sup 86/Rb+ in membrane-bound and soluble protomeric alpha beta-units of Na,K-ATPase

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Vilsen, B.; Andersen, J.P.; Petersen, J.; Jorgensen, P.L.

1987-08-05

In this work, we examined occlusion of /sup 22/Na+ and /sup 86/Rb+ in membranous and detergent-solubilized Na,K-ATPase from outer renal medulla. Optimum conditions for occlusion of /sup 22/Na+ were provided by formation of the phosphorylated complex from the beta,gamma-bidentate complex of chromium (III) with ATP (CrATP). Release of occluded cations occurred at equally slow rates in soluble and membrane-bound Na,K-ATPase. Values of /sup 22/Na+ occlusion as high as 11 nmol/mg of protein were measured, corresponding to 1.8-2.7 mol of Na+/mol of phosphorylated Na,K-ATPase as determined by /sup 32/P incorporation from (gamma-/sup 32/P)CrATP. Maximum capacity for phosphorylation from (gamma-/sup 32/P)CrATP was 6 nmol/mg of protein and equal to capacities for binding of (48V)vanadate and (/sup 3/H)ouabain. The stoichiometry for occlusion of Rb+ was close to 2 Rb+ ions/phosphorylation site. In an analytical ultracentrifuge, the soluble Na+- or Rb+-occluded complexes showed sedimentation velocities (S20,w = 6.8-7.4) consistent with monomeric alpha beta-units. The data show that soluble monomeric alpha beta-units of Na,K-ATPase can occlude Rb+ or Na+ with the same stoichiometry as the membrane-bound enzyme. The structural basis for occlusion of cations in Na,K-ATPase is suggested to be the formation of a cavity inside a monomeric alpha beta-unit constituting the minimum protein unit required for active Na,K-transport.

Europlanet NA2 Science Networking

Science.gov (United States)

Harri, Ari-Matti; Szego, Karoly; Genzer, Maria; Schmidt, Walter; Krupp, Norbert; Lammer, Helmut; Kallio, Esa; Haukka, Harri

2013-04-01

Europlanet RI / NA2 Science Networking [1] focused on determining the major goals of current and future European planetary science, relating them to the Research Infrastructure that the Europlanet RI project [2] developed, and placing them in a more global context. NA2 also enhanced the ability of European planetary scientists to participate on the global scene with their own agenda-setting projects and ideas. The Networking Activity NA2 included five working groups, aimed at identifying key science issues and producing reference books on major science themes that will bridge the gap between the results of present and past missions and the scientific preparation of the future ones. Within the Europlanet RI project (2009-2012) the NA2 and NA2-WGs organized thematic workshops, an expert exchange program and training groups to improve the scientific impact of this Infrastructure. The principal tasks addressed by NA2 were: • Science activities in support to the optimal use of data from past and present space missions, involving the broad planetary science community beyond the "space club" • Science activities in support to the preparation of future planetary missions: Earth-based preparatory observations, laboratory studies, R&D on advanced instrumentation and exploration technologies for the future, theory and modeling etc. • Develop scientific activities, joint publications, dedicated meetings, tools and services, education activities, engaging the public and industries • Update science themes and addressing the two main scientific objectives • Prepare and support workshops of the International Space Science Institute (ISSI) in Bern and • Support Trans National Activities (TNAs), Joined Research Activities (JRAs) and the Integrated and Distributed Information Service (IDIS) of the Europlanet project These tasks were achieved by WG workshops organized by the NA2 working groups, by ISSI workshops and by an Expert Exchange Program. There were 17 official WG

NA61/SHINE ion program

CERN Document Server

Mackowiak, Maja

2010-01-01

The Super Proton Synchrotron (SPS) at CERN covers one of the most interesting regions of the phase diagram (T - \\mu_{B}) of strongly interacting matter. The study of central Pb+Pb collisions by NA49 indicate that the threshold for deconfinement is reached already at the low SPS energies. Theoretical considerations predict a critical point of strongly interacting matter at energies accessible at the SPS. The NA61/SHINE experiment, a successor of the NA49 project, will study hadron production in p+p, p+A, h+A, and A+A reactions at various energies. The broad physics program includes the investigation of the properties of strongly interacting matter, as well as precision measurements of hadron spectra for the T2K neutrino experiment and for the Pierre Auger Observatory and KASCADE cosmic-ray projects. The main physics goals of the NA61/SHINE ion program are to study the properties of the onset of deconfinement at low SPS energies and to find signatures of the critical point of strongly interacting matter. To ach...

Armas na escola: que fazer?

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Raymundo de Lima

2010-09-01

Full Text Available

Um aluno portava um revólver na sala de aula de uma escola de Maringá (O Diário, 30/07/2010. Ele pegou arma do pai, sem que este soubesse, para se proteger de garotos que o intimidavam. Trata-se de um caso isolado ou é hora de a escola tomar medidas preventivas? Semanas antes, tiros foram disparados dentro de uma faculdade da mesma cidade. O autor dos disparos está preso, e a faculdade tenta apagar as marcas com publicidade positiva na Tv. Em Campo Mourão, cidade a cerca de uma hora de Maringá, duas meninas foram mortas e enterradas na escola.

Isotope separation of 22Na and 24Na with using light induced drift effect

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Hradecny, C.; Tethal, T.; Ermolaev, I.M.; Zemlyanoj, S.G.; Zuzaan, P.

1993-01-01

The LIDIS (Light Drift Isotope Separation) separator without a gas flow is discussed. It is shown, that atomization degree of the separated isotopes limited real separation coefficient. The better buffer gas purification allowed to increase the experimental separation factor of 22 Na and 24 Na isotopes up to 25. The new experimental set up allow to increase the separation efficiency up to 50%. 12 refs.; 5 figs

MOBILNO POSLOVANJE NA PRIMERU UPORABE MICROSOFT DYNAMICS CRM

OpenAIRE

Duh, Tamara

2016-01-01

Hitro razvijajoči se svet nas spodbuja k hitremu reagiranju na novosti, ki se pojavljajo na trgu. Prav zaradi tega je danes zelo pomembno upravljati z mobilnimi napravami, da se lahko hitro in brez težav soočimo z morebitnimi težavami oz. zagatami. Prav iz tega razloga je mobilno poslovanje ena izmed inovativnih rešitev, ki ljudem omogoča seznanjenost z informacijami na vsakem koraku in omogoča hiter odziv na spremembe. Prav ta rešitev omogoča podjetjem, da so konkurenčna in hkrati lahko hitr...

Usando a antimatéria na medicina moderna

OpenAIRE

Machado,A.C.B.; Pleitez,V.; Tijero,M.C.

2006-01-01

Neste artigo, fazemos uma breve exposição de como um dos conceitos fundamentais da física moderna, a existência de antimatéria, tem aplicação na medicina, na chamada tomografia por emissão de pósitrons (PET na sigla em inglês). Ela consiste na produção de imagens tomográficas digitais do organismo que são obtidas pela detecção da radiação produzida na aniquilação do pósitron com o elétron.

43. Calmodulin regulating calcium sensitivity of Na channels

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

R. Vegiraju

2016-07-01

Full Text Available By extrapolating information from existing research and observing previous assumptions regarding the structure of the Na Channel, this experiment was conducted under the hypothesis that the Na Channel is in part regulated by the calmodulin protein, as a result proving calcium sensitivity of the Na Channel. Furthermore, we assume that there is a one to one stoichiometry between the Na Channel and the Calmodulin. There has been extensive research into the functionality and structure of sodium ion channels (Na channels, as several diseases are associated with the lack of regulation of sodium ions, that is caused by the disfunction of these Na channels. However, one highly controversial matter in the field is the importance of the protein calmodulin (CaM and calcium in Na channel function. Calmodulin is a protein that is well known for its role as a calcium binding messenger protein, and that association is believed to play an indirect role in regulating the Na channel through the Na channel’s supposed calcium sensitivity. While there are proponents for both sides, there has been relatively little research that provides strong evidence for either case. In this experiment, the effect of calmodulin on NaV 1.5 is tested by preparing a set of cardiac cells (of the human specie with the NaV 1.5 C-Termini and CaM protein, which were then to be placed in solutions with varying concentrations of calcium. We took special care to test multiple concentrations of calcium, as previous studies have tested very low concentrations, with Manu Ben-Johny’s team from the John Hopkins laboratory in particular testing up to a meager 50 micromolar, despite producing a well-respected paper (By comparison, the average Na channel can naturally sustain a concentration of almost 1-2 millimolar and on some occasions, reaching even higher concentrations. After using light scattering and observing the signals given off by the calcium interacting with these Nav1.5/Ca

In vivo PTH provokes apical NHE3 and NaPi2 redistribution and Na-K-ATPase inhibition

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Zhang, Y; Norian, J M; Magyar, C E

1999-01-01

and to determine whether the same cellular signals drive the changes in apical and basolateral transporters. PTH-(1-34) (20 U), which couples to adenylate cyclase (AC), phospholipase C (PLC), and phospholipase A2 (PLA2), or [Nle8,18,Tyr34]PTH-(3-34) (10 U), which couples to PLC and PLA2 but not AC, were given....../diuresis and NHE3 and NaPi2 internalization, and that Na-K-ATPase inhibition is not secondary to depressed apical Na+ transport....

Aspectos valorizados por porfissionais de enfermagem na higiene pessoal e na higiene corporal do paciente

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Elóide André Oliveira

2003-10-01

Full Text Available Survey descritivo, com o qual se objetivou identificar que aspectos da higiene corporal são valorizados pelos componentes da equipe de enfermagem, na higiene corporal pessoal e na higiene corporal do paciente. A pesquisa foi desenvolvida em oito instituições públicas de saúde e a amostra foi composta por 126 profissionais de enfermagem, correspondendo a 12,8% do total de 986 componentes das equipes de enfermagem destas instituições. Na higiene corporal pessoal, chamou a atenção o fato de que os cuidados com as unhas e com os cabelos tenham suplantado, no número de citações dos profissionais de enfermagem, aspectos básicos como o cuidado com as mãos. Na higiene corporal do paciente, o banho foi o aspecto considerado mais importante pelas três categorias profissionais; a higiene oral, pelas(os enfermeiras(os e auxiliares de enfermagem; e as unhas, pelas(os enfermeiras(os e técnicas(os de enfermagem.

Modulation of contraction by intracellular Na+ via Na(+)-Ca2+ exchange in single shark (Squalus acanthias) ventricular myocytes.

Science.gov (United States)

Näbauer, M; Morad, M

1992-01-01

1. The effect of direct alteration of intracellular Na+ concentration on contractile properties of whole-cell clamped shark ventricular myocytes was studied using an array of 256 photodiodes to monitor the length of the isolated myocytes. 2. In myocytes dialysed with Na(+)-free solution, the voltage dependence of Ca2+ current (ICa) and contraction were similar and bell shaped. Contractions activated at all voltages were completely suppressed by nifedipine (5 microM), and failed to show significant tonic components, suggesting dependence of the contraction on Ca2+ influx through the L-type Ca2+ channel. 3. In myocytes dialysed with 60 mM Na+, a ICa-dependent and a ICa-independent component of contraction could be identified. The Ca2+ current-dependent component was prominent in voltages between -30 to +10 mV. The ICa-independent contractions were maintained for the duration of depolarization, increased with increasing depolarization between +10 to +100 mV, and were insensitive to nifedipine. 4. In such myocytes, repolarization produced slowly decaying inward tail currents closely related to the time course of relaxation and the degree of shortening prior to repolarization. 5. With 60 mM Na+ in the pipette solution, positive clamp potentials activated decaying outward currents which correlated to the size of contraction. These outward currents appeared to be generated by the Na(+)-Ca(2+)-exchanger since they depended on the presence of intracellular Na+, and were neither suppressed by nifedipine nor by K+ channel blockers. 6. The results suggest that in shark (Squalus acanthias) ventricular myocytes, which lack functionally relevant Ca2+ release pools, both Ca2+ channel and the Na(+)-Ca2+ exchanger deliver sufficient Ca2+ to activate contraction, though the effectiveness of the latter mechanism was highly dependent on the [Na+]i. PMID:1338467

KANDUNGAN NATRIUM (Na DAN GARAM (NaCl DALAM IKAN ASIN KERING MENTAH DAN GORENG DI PASAR ANYAR BOGOR

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Heru Yuniati

2012-11-01

Full Text Available Telah dilakukan penelitian untuk mengetahui kandungan natrium (Na dan garam (NaCl dalam 10 jenis ikan asin kering yang beredar di Pasar Anyar Bogor. Analisis natrium dilakukan terhadap ikan asin mentah, setelah dicuci, dan setelah digoreng dengan menggunakan flamefometer. Analisis garam dilakukan dengan titrasi argentometri terhadap ikan asin mentah. Hasil analisis menunjukkan, kandungan Na dan garam dalam ikan asin sangat beragam besarnya berturut-turut berkisar antara 0,3-8,1% dan 5,7-21,2%. Ikan asin yang mempunyai kadar Na dan garam tinggi adalah ikan sepat, peda putih dan gabus. Jumlah air dalam ikan asin juga bervariasi, berkisar antara 10,3-46,8%. pencucian dan penggorengan dapat menurunkan kadar garam ataupun natrium sebesar 37,4%.

Aprendizagem como/na prática

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Jean Lave

2015-12-01

Full Text Available ResumoEste artigo considera como o estudo da cultura e da aprendizagem pode ser de particular relevância para o campo da antropologia sociocultural em geral. O termo mais importante na expressão “cultura & aprendizagem” talvez seja o logograma “&” – ou seja, coloca-se a questão sobre o que conecta cultura e aprendizagem, perguntando-se como esses termos estão relacionados. Como devemos compreender cultura e aprendizagem como instâncias produtoras delas próprias, e uma da outra, na prática? Recalibrando em termos relacionais, podemos dizer que não é possível abordar a “aprendizagem” ou “cultura e aprendizagem” sem o seu emaranhamento na vida político-econômica, nas lutas e disputas históricas, em suas coerências e incoerências, e na produção relacional e histórica da vida cotidiana. Através das lentes da teoria da prática social, os estudos etnográficos sobre aprendizagem na prática oferecem diferentes entendimentos sobre como certa vida e certas disputas e incoerências são produzidas.

Metodologija analize stroškov in koristi za investicije v prometno infrastrukturo na osnovi Poročila vplivov na okolje

OpenAIRE

Podvornik, Nina

2016-01-01

Povečane potrebe po prometnem omrežju vodijo k dodatnim prometnim investicijam, ki so ne glede na njihov obseg, postavitev v prostor ter učinkovitost pomemben dejavnik gospodarskega razvoja. Investicije v prometno infrastrukturo lahko na sam razvoj vplivajo pozitivno (dvig gospodarske rasti, kakovost življenja, dostopnost idr.) in tudi negativno (različni vplivi na okolje). Ker so prometne investicije zelo obsežne, je vsestranska ocena le-teh ključnega pomena pri samem prometnem načrtovanju v...

Agmag Igbo dka Ngwar n'kwalite Ezi Nchekwa na Nkwsiike haobodo

African Journals Online (AJOL)

Ka Najira nwerechara onwe ya n'af 1960, olileanya tt mamala ya b na ihe ga-adz mma. Mana ka oge na-aga, a chptara na ihe na-akawanye nj. Usoro chch d iche iche daptara. Nd am na nd nkt achala mana nd gara n'ihu na-akawanye nj. O bu ihe doro anya na chch ha b nke nchgbu na fnfju akpa. N'agbanyegh na ...

Regulation of Epithelial Sodium Transport via Epithelial Na+ Channel

Science.gov (United States)

Marunaka, Yoshinori; Niisato, Naomi; Taruno, Akiyuki; Ohta, Mariko; Miyazaki, Hiroaki; Hosogi, Shigekuni; Nakajima, Ken-ichi; Kusuzaki, Katsuyuki; Ashihara, Eishi; Nishio, Kyosuke; Iwasaki, Yoshinobu; Nakahari, Takashi; Kubota, Takahiro

2011-01-01

Renal epithelial Na+ transport plays an important role in homeostasis of our body fluid content and blood pressure. Further, the Na+ transport in alveolar epithelial cells essentially controls the amount of alveolar fluid that should be kept at an appropriate level for normal gas exchange. The epithelial Na+ transport is generally mediated through two steps: (1) the entry step of Na+ via epithelial Na+ channel (ENaC) at the apical membrane and (2) the extrusion step of Na+ via the Na+, K+-ATPase at the basolateral membrane. In general, the Na+ entry via ENaC is the rate-limiting step. Therefore, the regulation of ENaC plays an essential role in control of blood pressure and normal gas exchange. In this paper, we discuss two major factors in ENaC regulation: (1) activity of individual ENaC and (2) number of ENaC located at the apical membrane. PMID:22028593

Na+,K+ pumpen vedbliver at overraske

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Vilsen, Bente

2008-01-01

This article provides an overview of news about the Na+,K+ pump, an indispensable enzyme whose protein structure has been described in a recent article in Nature, 50 years after its discovery. In combination with mutational analysis, the structure reveals the binding pocket for the K+ ions...... and the regulation of Na+ transport by a strategically located C-terminus of the protein. Focus is also on the pathophysiology of two neurological disorders, familial hemiplegic migraine and rapid-onset dystonia-parkinsonism, recently shown to be caused by mutations in the Na+,K+-ATPase. Udgivelsesdato: may 19...

Risbjerg: Historisk stemmeskred med NA

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Thomsen, Søren Risbjerg

2007-01-01

ANALYSE: NA flytter 12,3 pct. af stemmerne i majs meningsmålinger - historisk mange vælgere på en måned, skriver professor Risbjerg. Udgivelsesdato: 3. juni 2007......ANALYSE: NA flytter 12,3 pct. af stemmerne i majs meningsmålinger - historisk mange vælgere på en måned, skriver professor Risbjerg. Udgivelsesdato: 3. juni 2007...

Dissolution of targets for the production of Mo-99: Part 1. Influence of NaOH concentration and the addition of NaNO{sub 3} and NaNO{sub 2} on the dissolution time

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Camilo, Ruth L.; Araujo, Izilda da C.; Mindrisz, Ana C.; Forbicini, Christina A.L.G. de O., E-mail: rcamilo@ipen.br, E-mail: icaraujo@ipen.br, E-mail: acmindri@ipen.br, E-mail: cforbici@ipen.br [Instituto de Pesquisas Energeticas e Nucleares (IPEN/CNEN/SP), Sao Paulo, SP (Brazil)

2011-07-01

Faced with global crisis in the production of radioisotope {sup 99}Mo, which product of decay, {sup 99}mTc, is the tracer element most often used in nuclear medicine and accounts for about 80% of all diagnostic procedures in vivo, since September 2008 Brazil is developing the project called Brazilian Multipurpose Reactor (RMB). Within the Brazilian Nuclear Program (PNB) the construction of the RMB, is seen as a long term solution to meet all domestic demand relative to the supply of radioisotopes and radiopharmaceuticals. In the process to be studied to obtain {sup 99}Mo from irradiated UA1{sub x}-A1 LEU targets employing alkaline dissolution, processing time should be minimized, considering the short half life of {sup 99}Mo and {sup 99}mTc, about 66 h and 6 h, respectively. That makes dissolution time a significant factor in the development of the process. This paper presents the results of alkaline dissolution of scraps of Al, used to simulate the dissolution process of UA1{sub x}-A1 targets. Al corresponds to about 79% of the total weight of the UA1{sub x}-A1 target. The effect of NaOH concentration on dissolution time for the interval of 1 to 3.5 mol.L-1 was studied, keeping the molar ratio in 1Al:2.16NaOH and the initial temperature of 88 degree C. The influence of reagent composition over dissolution time was studied using three different solutions: a) 3 mol.L{sup -1} NaOH, b) 3 mol.L{sup -1} NaOH/NaNO{sub 3} and c) 3 mol.L{sup -1} NaOH/NaNO{sub 2}, keeping the same molar ratio and temperature. The results showed that the dissolution time decreases with increasing NaOH concentration and the addition of NaNO{sub 3} or NaNO{sub 2} in the NaOH solution reduces both dissolution time and volume of gases released. (author)

Crystal Structure of Na3MoCl6

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Martin Beran

2011-07-01

Full Text Available The ternary chloride Na3MoCl6 is obtained as red crystals from a disproportionation reaction of molybdenum dichloride, {Mo6}Cl12, in an acidic NaCl/AlCl3 melt at 350 °C. The crystal structure (trigonal, P-31c, a = 687.1(1, c = 1225.3(2 pm, Z = 2, V = 501,0(1 106 pm3 is that of Na3CrCl6: within a hexagonal closest-packing of chloride ions two thirds of the octahedral voids are filled between the AB double layers with Na+/Mo3+, and between the BA layers with Na+.

Diffusion of calcium in pure and doped NaCl; Diffusion du calcium dans NaCl pur et dope

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Slifkin, L; Brebec, G [Commissariat a l' Energie Atomique, Saclay (France). Centre d' Etudes Nucleaires

1969-07-01

We have determined, by diffusion experiments of Ca in pure and doped NaCl, the activation energy for the calcium jumps and the binding energy between calcium ion and vacancy. (authors) [French] Nous avons determine, par des mesures de diffusion du Ca dans NaCl pur et NaCl dope avec CaCl{sub 2}, l'energie d'activation relative aux sauts du calcium et l'energie de liaison lacune-calcium. (auteurs)

Wizerunek ateisty i jego miejsce na konfesyjnej mapie świata na Śląsku Cieszyńskim

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Zbigniew Greń

2017-12-01

Full Text Available The image of the atheist and his place on the confessional map of the world in Cieszyn Silesia The aim of this article is to create an image of the atheist based on historical and contemporary sources. The history of the concept of the atheist is described on the basis of the regional press, the contemporary picture of the concept – on the basis of the results of a questionnaire and discussions on religious topics on regional websites. The analysis showed that the concept of the atheist is treated as a term equivalent to the terms of members of different churches. The research shows not only the image of the atheist, but also its place in the system of perception of religious differences.   Wizerunek ateisty i jego miejsce na konfesyjnej mapie świata na Śląsku Cieszyńskim Celem niniejszego artykułu jest stworzenie obrazu ateisty na podstawie źródeł historycznych i współczesnych. Historia pojęcia ateisty została opisana na podstawie prasy regionalnej, współczesny obraz – na podstawie wyników ankiet i dyskusji na tematy religijne na regionalnych stronach internetowych. Analiza wykazała, że pojęcie ateisty jest traktowane jako pojęcie równorzędne z określeniami członków różnych Kościołów. W wyniku badań przedstawiono nie tylko wizerunek ateisty, lecz także jego miejsce w systemie postrzegania różnic wyznaniowych.

Mabadiliko Ya Kifonolojia Na Kimofolojia Wakati Wa Utohozi Wa ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

Mwingiliano wa lugha ya Kiswahili na Kiarabu una historia ndefu kidogo. Inasemekana Waarabu walianza muwasala na 'Waswahili' tangu karne ya kwanza (BK) (Polome 1967:9). Kutokana na muwasala huo wa muda mrefu, lugha hizi mbili (Kiarabu na Kiswahili) zimeathiriana sana. Lakini kuna maoni kwamba Kiarabu ...

Aqueous partial molar heat capacities and volumes for NaReO4 and NaTcO4

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Lemire, R.J.; Saluja, P.P.S.; Campbell, A.B.

1989-01-01

As part of the Canadian Nuclear Fuel Waste Management Program, data are required to model the equilibrium thermodynamic behavior of key radionuclides at temperatures above 25 degree C. A flow microcalorimeter/densimeter system has been commissioned to measure heat capacities and densities of solutions containing radioactive species. Measurements for solutions of aqueous NaReO 4 (a common analogue for NaTcO 4 ) were made at seven temperatures (15 to 100 degree C) over the concentration range 0.05 to 0.2 mol·kg -1 . Subsequently, measurements were made for NaTcO 4 solutions under similar conditions. The heat capacity and density data are analyzed using Pitzer's ion-interaction model, and values of the NaReO 4 partial molar heat capacities are compared to literature values based on integral heats of solution. The agreement between the two sets of NaReO 4 data is good below 75 degree C, but only fair at the higher temperatures. Values of the partial molar volumes have also been derived. The uncertainties introduced by using thermodynamic data for ReO 4 - , in the absence of data for TcO 4 - , are discussed

Effects of dietary Na+ deprivation on epithelial Na+ channel (ENaC, BDNF, and TrkB mRNA expression in the rat tongue

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Stähler Frauke

2009-03-01

Full Text Available Abstract Background In rodents, dietary Na+ deprivation reduces gustatory responses of primary taste fibers and central taste neurons to lingual Na+ stimulation. However, in the rat taste bud cells Na+ deprivation increases the number of amiloride sensitive epithelial Na+ channels (ENaC, which are considered as the "receptor" of the Na+ component of salt taste. To explore the mechanisms, the expression of the three ENaC subunits (α, β and γ in taste buds were observed from rats fed with diets containing either 0.03% (Na+ deprivation or 1% (control NaCl for 15 days, by using in situ hybridization and real-time quantitative RT-PCR (qRT-PCR. Since BDNF/TrkB signaling is involved in the neural innervation of taste buds, the effects of Na+ deprivation on BDNF and its receptor TrkB expression in the rat taste buds were also examined. Results In situ hybridization analysis showed that all three ENaC subunit mRNAs were found in the rat fungiform taste buds and lingual epithelia, but in the vallate and foliate taste buds, only α ENaC mRNA was easily detected, while β and γ ENaC mRNAs were much less than those in the fungiform taste buds. Between control and low Na+ fed animals, the numbers of taste bud cells expressing α, β and γ ENaC subunits were not significantly different in the fungiform, vallate and foliate taste buds, respectively. Similarly, qRT-PCR also indicated that Na+ deprivation had no effect on any ENaC subunit expression in the three types of taste buds. However, Na+ deprivation reduced BDNF mRNA expression by 50% in the fungiform taste buds, but not in the vallate and foliate taste buds. The expression of TrkB was not different between control and Na+ deprived rats, irrespective of the taste papillae type. Conclusion The findings demonstrate that dietary Na+ deprivation does not change ENaC mRNA expression in rat taste buds, but reduces BDNF mRNA expression in the fungiform taste buds. Given the roles of BDNF in survival of

Hydrogen production by sodium borohydride in NaOH aqueous solution

Science.gov (United States)

Wang, Q.; Zhang, L. F.; Zhao, Z. G.

2018-01-01

The kinetics of hydrolysis reaction of NaBH4 in NaOH aqueous solution is studied. The influence of pH of the NaOH aqueous solution on the rate of hydrogen production and the hydrogen production efficiency are studied for the hydrolysis reaction of NaBH4. The results show that the activation energy of hydrolysis reaction of NaBH4 increased with the increase of the initial pH of NaOH aqueous solution.With the increasing of the initial pH of NaOH aqueous solution, the rate of hydrogen production and hydrogen production efficiency of NaBH4 hydrolysis decrease.

Altered Regulation of type 3 Na+/H+ exchanger, type 1 Na+/HCO3- cotransporter, and Na+,K+-ATPase in the Kidney of Rats with Experimental Rhabdomyolysis

Science.gov (United States)

Ma, Seong Kwon; Bae, Eun Hui; Lee, JongUn; Kim, Sun Young; Kim, Sung Zoo; Choi, Ki Chul

2007-01-01

Metabolic acidosis was shown to correlate with deterioration of renal function in patients with rhabdomyolysis. The present study was aimed to investigate whether the changes of type 3 Na+/H+ exchanger (NHE3), type 1 Na+/HCO3- cotransporter (NBC1), and Na+,K+-ATPase α1 subunit may play a role in the pathogenesis of metabolic acidosis in glycerol-induced experimental rhabdomyolysis. Male Sprague-Dawley rats were deprived of fluid intake for 24 hours, and then were injected with 50% glycerol in normal saline (10 mL/kg, intramuscularly). At 24 hours after the glycerol injection, rats were sacrificed by decapitation. Control rats were injected with normal saline. The protein expression of NHE3, NBC1 and Na+,K+-ATPase α1 subunit was determined in the cortex of the kidney by immunoblotting and immunohistochemistry. Following the treatment of glycerol, creatinine clearance was significantly decreased, and high anion gap metabolic acidosis developed. In the experimental group, the expression of Na+,K+-ATPase α1 subunit was significantly decreased in the cortex of the kidney. On the contrary, the expression of NHE3 and NBC1 was significantly increased. Immunohistochemical analyses confirmed the immunoblotting data. In conclusion, the coordinate up-regulation of NHE3 and NBC1 may play an adaptive role against the metabolic acidosis in glycerol-induced rhabdomyolysis. PMID:24459502

K⁺ congeners that do not compromise Na⁺ activation of the Na⁺,K⁺-ATPase

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Mahmmoud, Yasser A; Kopec, Wojciech; Khandelia, Himanshu

2015-01-01

The Na(+),K(+)-ATPase is essential for ionic homeostasis in animal cells. The dephosphoenzyme contains Na(+) selective inward facing sites, whereas the phosphoenzyme contains K(+) selective outward facing sites. Under normal physiological conditions, K(+) inhibits cytoplasmic Na(+) activation...

Kupokelewa Zaidi Kwa Simu Ya Mkononi Kuliko Kompyuta Na ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

Mtandao wa tovuti ni nyenzo ya msingi katika maendeleo ya uwanja wa mawasiliano unaounganisha watu na jamii mbalimbali katika ulimwengu wa leo unaotandawaa. Katika “ulimwengu wa kwanza na wa pili”, yaani mabara ya Amerika, Uropa na Asia, maendeleo na mapinduzi makubwa katika uwanja wa teknolojia ya ...

Silicene for Na-ion battery applications

KAUST Repository

Zhu, Jiajie; Schwingenschlö gl, Udo

2016-01-01

Na-ion batteries are promising candidates to replace Li-ion batteries in large scale applications because of the advantages in natural abundance and cost of Na. Silicene has potential as the anode in Li-ion batteries but so far has not received

Coulomb excitation of radioactive 20, 21Na

Science.gov (United States)

Schumaker, M. A.; Cline, D.; Hackman, G.; Pearson, C.; Svensson, C. E.; Wu, C. Y.; Andreyev, A.; Austin, R. A. E.; Ball, G. C.; Bandyopadhyay, D.; Becker, J. A.; Boston, A. J.; Boston, H. C.; Buchmann, L.; Churchman, R.; Cifarelli, F.; Cooper, R. J.; Cross, D. S.; Dashdorj, D.; Demand, G. A.; Dimmock, M. R.; Drake, T. E.; Finlay, P.; Gallant, A. T.; Garrett, P. E.; Green, K. L.; Grint, A. N.; Grinyer, G. F.; Harkness, L. J.; Hayes, A. B.; Kanungo, R.; Lisetskiy, A. F.; Leach, K. G.; Lee, G.; Maharaj, R.; Martin, J.-P.; Moisan, F.; Morton, A. C.; Mythili, S.; Nelson, L.; Newman, O.; Nolan, P. J.; Orce, J. N.; Padilla-Rodal, E.; Phillips, A. A.; Porter-Peden, M.; Ressler, J. J.; Roy, R.; Ruiz, C.; Sarazin, F.; Scraggs, D. P.; Waddington, J. C.; Wan, J. M.; Whitbeck, A.; Williams, S. J.; Wong, J.

2009-12-01

The low-energy structures of the radioactive nuclei 20, 21Na have been examined using Coulomb excitation at the TRIUMF-ISAC radioactive ion beam facility. Beams of ˜ 5×106 ions/s were accelerated to 1.7MeV/A and Coulomb excited in a 0.5mg/cm^2 natTi target. Two TIGRESS HPGe clover detectors perpendicular to the beam axis were used for γ -ray detection, while scattered nuclei were observed by the Si detector BAMBINO. For 21Na , Coulomb excitation from the 3/2+ ground state to the first excited 5/2+ state was observed, while for 20Na , Coulomb excitation was observed from the 2+ ground state to the first excited 3+ and 4+ states. For both beams, B ( λ L) values were determined using the 2+ rightarrow 0+ de-excitation in 48Ti as a reference. The resulting B( E2) ↓ value for 21Na is 137±9 e^2fm^4, while the resulting B( λ L) ↓ values for 20Na are 55±6 e^2fm^4 for the 3+ rightarrow 2+ , 35.7±5.7 e^2 fm^4 for the 4+ rightarrow 2+ , and 0.154±0.030 μ_ N^2 for the 4+ rightarrow 3+ transitions. This analysis significantly improves the measurement of the 21Na B( E2) value, and provides the first experimental determination of B( λ L) values for the proton dripline nucleus 20Na .-1

TRADISI DOI’ MENRE’ Dalam Pernikahan Adat Bugis Di Jambi

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Ahmad Pattiroy

2016-09-01

Full Text Available Perkawinan merupakan salah satu sendi kehidupan masyarakat yang tidak bisa lepas dari tradisi yang telah dimodifikasi agar sesuai dengan ajaran yang mereka anut. Adat istiadat tertentu tampak begitu menyatu dalam kehidupan masyarakat. Ia juga ikut berperan aktif dalam mengatur tentang perkawinan. Secara spesifik, praktis adat semacam ini dapat ditemukan dalam model Perkawinan Adat Bugis di Jambi. Doi’ menre’ adalah ketentuan adat yang mensyaratkan bahwa seorang suami harus memberikan suatu pemberian kepada seorang perempuan yang jumlahnya sesuai dengan kesepakatan antara pihak laki-laki dengan pihak perempuan, di samping kewajibannya untuk memberikan mahar sebagaimana yang diatur dalam hukum perkawinan Islam. Melihat persoalan ini, timbul kesan bahwa ada dua kewajiban yang mesti dilakukan oleh calon suami kepada calon istri, yaitu kewajiban memberi pemberian adat yang dikenal dengan istilah doi’ menre’ dan kewajiban untuk memberikan mahar sebagaimana yang disyari’atkan dalam hukum perkawinan Islam. Sepintas hal ini sangat bertentangan dengan ajaran Islam atau setidak-tidaknya menyulitkan masyarakat Bugis di dalam melaksanakan perkawinan, padahal Islam hanya mensyaratkan mahar, tidak lebih dari itu.

PERBEDAAN GENDER DALAM PANDANGAN DAN HUBUNGAN PENERIMAAN E-LEARNING

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Indah Fajarini S.W.

2012-03-01

Full Text Available Sistem e-learning adalah suatu instruksi atau pengalaman pembelajaran yang disajikan oleh teknologi elektronik termasuk internet. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengukur perbedaan gender pada pengenalan sistem e-learning oleh mahasiswa teknik lingkungan di Universitas Diponegoro Semarang. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah mahasiswa Teknik Mesin khususnya mesin lingkungan yang sedang skripsi. Metode pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah survei dengan menggunakan kuesioner. Hasilnya menunjukkan bahwa laki-laki tidaklah lebih tinggi dalam penggunaan dan pengeksploran e-learning secara langsung dan tidak langsung. Abstract E-Learning system is defined as instruction or teaching and learning experience, presented by electronic technology including internet. The objective of this research is to measure the gender gap in e-learning system acquisition in Environmental Engineering Department of Diponegoro University Semarang. The population are engineering students, especially those who are taking a final project. The method of data collection is questionnaire. The result shows that male is not more dominated in using and exploring e-learning directly and indirectly than female.Keywords: gender; e-learning; gender gap

SISTEM PEMESANAN KAMAR RAWAT INAP MENGGUNAKAN SHORT MESSAGE SERVICES (SMS PADA RUMAH SAKIT

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Beny Irawan

2016-01-01

Full Text Available Manusia hidup di dunia ada bermacam-macam bentuk tubuh, besar, kecil, tua-muda, laki-laki, perempuan, bentuk muka, warna kulit atau kondisi fisiknya ada yang sehat dan sakit. Semakin bertambahnya manusia di alam ini, semakin banyak persentase kemungkinan orang mengalami sakit mendadak, sehingga membutuhkan perawatan medis yang mendadak juga. Untuk itu, diperlukan suatu cara yang paling mudah untuk melakukan konfirmasi ada atau tidaknya kamar untuk rawat inap di rumah sakit yang bersangkutan, sehingga pasien tidak harus melakukan pemesanan kamar ketika sudah tiba di rumah sakit yang bersangkutan, dan kemudian semua kamar sudah penuh dan harus dipindahkan lagi ke rumah sakit lain. Hal ini menyebabkan si pasien akan mengalami keterlambatan untuk ditangani, sehingga bisa berakibat fatal bagi pasien tersebut. Permasalahan tersebut dapat ditangani dengan pengembangan sistem baru menggunakan short message services (sms terutama untuk pemesanan kamar rawat inap, dan untuk mengetahui jenis pelayanan lain yang ada di rumah sakit tersebut melalui website rumah sakit, sehingga sistem pemesanan kamar semakin efektif dan efisien. Namun, sistem yang dikembangkan masih memiliki kelemahan karena sistem hanya dapat digunakan pada telepon selular yang menggunakan modem GSM.

Sinekia Palatum Molle dan Pilar Tonsil ke Dinding Faring Posterior pada Pasien Tuberkulosis Paru

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Desno Marbun

2016-09-01

Full Text Available Abstrak Tuberkulosis paru masih merupakan penyakit infeksi yang sering dijumpai dan masalah kesehatan di dunia. Sinekia yang disebabkan oleh infeksi kronik tuberkulosis pada daerah faring merupakan kasus yang jarang terjadi. Pembentukan sinekia ini menyebabkan obstruksi saluran napas bagian atas dan dapat menyebabkan gangguan menelan. Laporan kasus ini dimaksudkan untuk memaparkan penatalaksanaan pasien tuberkulosis paru disertai kelainan sinekia palatum molle dan pilar tonsil ke dinding faring posterior. Seorang pasien laki-laki usia 40 tahun terdiagnosis tuberkulosis milier yang telah mendapatkan pengobatan antituberkulosis 4 bulan datang dengan keluhan hidung tersumbat, suara sengau, dan gangguan menelan sejak 2 bulan sebelum masuk rumah sakit. Dilakukan pelepasan sinekia dengan cara reseksi dan insisi palatum molle pendekatan intraoral dengan panduan endoskopi, didapatkan massa jaringan granuloma pada tepi sinekia tersebut. Hasil pemeriksaan histopatologi berupa jaringan granuloma tuberkulosis. Pascaoperasi pasien dapat bernapas lancar melalui hidung dan gangguan menelan menghilang. Simpulan, operasi pelepasan sinekia diputuskan mengingat gangguan obstruksi saluran napas atas. Penatalaksanaan sinekia palatum molle dan pilar tonsil ke dinding faring posterior dengan operasi memberikan hasil yang baik untuk patensi jalan napas dan fungsi menelan.

TAXPAYERS KNOWLEDGE: A DESCRIPTIVE EVIDENCE ON DEMOGRAPHIC FACTORS IN MALAYSIA

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Mohd Rizal Palil

2005-01-01

Full Text Available The objective of this paper is to determine the demographic factors in influence the behavior of taxpayers. Levene's test shows that there is no significant mean different between male and female, no significant mean different between government and private servants tax knowledge score. Furthermore, there is no significant different between Chinese and Indian score, the different is only 0.10%. As the analysis goes further, Levene' test shows that there is a significant mean different between Malay and Chinese (p < 0.10, a = 0.05 as well as Indian and Chinese (p < 0.10, a = 0.05. Abstract in Bahasa Indonesia : Penelitan ini bertujuan untuk menguji pengaruh faktor-faktor demogarafi yang mempengaruhi prilaku Wajib Pajak. Berdasarkan Uji Levene, penelitian ini membuktikan, bahwa tidak ada perbedaan yang signifikan atas pengetahuan Wajib Pajak antara laki-laki dan perempuan, antara pemerintah dan swasta. Perbedaan pengetahuan Wajib Pajak antara orang China dan Malaysia hanya menunjukkan nilai 0,10%. Analisa selanjutnya melalui uji Levene memperlihatkan bahwa, terdapat perbedaan tingkat pengetahuan pajak yang signifikan antara orang Malaysia dan China (p

Detailed investigation of Na2.24FePO4CO3 as a cathode material for Na-ion batteries

Science.gov (United States)

Huang, Weifeng; Zhou, Jing; Li, Biao; Ma, Jin; Tao, Shi; Xia, Dingguo; Chu, Wangsheng; Wu, Ziyu

2014-01-01

Na-ion batteries are gaining an increased recognition as the next generation low cost energy storage devices. Here, we present a characterization of Na3FePO4CO3 nanoplates as a novel cathode material for sodium ion batteries. First-principles calculations reveal that there are two paths for Na ion migration along b and c axis. In-situ and ex-situ Fe K-edge X-ray absorption near edge structure (XANES) point out that in Na3FePO4CO3 both Fe2+/Fe3+ and Fe3+/Fe4+ redox couples are electrochemically active, suggesting also the existence of a two-electron intercalation reaction. Ex-situ X-ray powder diffraction data demonstrates that the crystalline structure of Na3FePO4CO3 remains stable during the charging/discharging process within the range 2.0–4.55 V. PMID:24595232

Artesanato na terceira idade: um estudo na cidade de Sinop no ano de 2011

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Rosane Marlene Weber

2015-04-01

Full Text Available Essa pesquisa tem como objetivo mostrar a importância do artesanato na Terceira Idade como atividade educacional e de autonomia para os idosos. Por existir uma preocupação com a qualidade de vida da Terceira Idade e sua autonomia, nesta fase que muitos acabam ficando dependentes dos membros da família, espera-se encontrar através da arte uma motivação e uma forma de demonstrar a autoria por meio do fazer, criar e recriar com o artesanato. Aprender e ensinar são um processo contínuo na vida do ser humano, independente da idade, para Paulo Freire precisamos ter consciência de que somos inacabados, e sendo conscientes de nossa inconclusão, devemos viver num permanente movimento de busca. Essa é uma das causas pelas quais será pesquisada a prática formativa/educacional por meio do artesanato na Terceira Idade. Os motivos que levaram a escolha desta pesquisa com o artesanato na Terceira Idade é o fato de ter vivido uma experiência de trabalho na ala geriátrica de um hospital. Já o artesanato é a arte que fascina, e acreditamos que sempre há tempo para recomeçar, para descobrir algo que possa trazer qualidade para nossa vida. Devido ao crescimento cada vez maior da expectativa de vida em nosso país, cria-se uma preocupação com a qualidade de vida das pessoas da Terceira Idade. Em relação aos aspectos educacionais e culturais, esta pesquisa deseja compreender como o artesanato pode trazer motivação para as pessoas da Terceira Idade como forma de autoria e autonomia, nesta fase da vida, na cidade de Sinop, e quais os motivos que os levam a realizar esse tipo de atividade. Para investigação teórica desta pesquisa do Artesanato na Terceira Idade: um estudo na cidade de Sinop em 2011 usaremos bibliografia de vários autores, mas em especial os que dedicam seus estudos a esta faixa etária, como a coleção de Vivaidade, que tem como organizadora principal Anita Liberalesso Neri. Os autores desta coleção nos trazem a reflex

Biphasic voltage-dependent inactivation of human NaV 1.3, 1.6 and 1.7 Na+ channels expressed in rodent insulin-secreting cells.

Science.gov (United States)

Godazgar, Mahdieh; Zhang, Quan; Chibalina, Margarita V; Rorsman, Patrik

2018-05-01

Na + current inactivation is biphasic in insulin-secreting cells, proceeding with two voltage dependences that are half-maximal at ∼-100 mV and -60 mV. Inactivation of voltage-gated Na + (Na V ) channels occurs at ∼30 mV more negative voltages in insulin-secreting Ins1 and primary β-cells than in HEK, CHO or glucagon-secreting αTC1-6 cells. The difference in inactivation between Ins1 and non-β-cells persists in the inside-out patch configuration, discounting an involvement of a diffusible factor. In Ins1 cells and primary β-cells, but not in HEK cells, inactivation of a single Na V subtype is biphasic and follows two voltage dependences separated by 30-40 mV. We propose that Na V channels adopt different inactivation behaviours depending on the local membrane environment. Pancreatic β-cells are equipped with voltage-gated Na + channels that undergo biphasic voltage-dependent steady-state inactivation. A small Na + current component (10-15%) inactivates over physiological membrane potentials and contributes to action potential firing. However, the major Na + channel component is completely inactivated at -90 to -80 mV and is therefore inactive in the β-cell. It has been proposed that the biphasic inactivation reflects the contribution of different Na V α-subunits. We tested this possibility by expression of TTX-resistant variants of the Na V subunits found in β-cells (Na V 1.3, Na V 1.6 and Na V 1.7) in insulin-secreting Ins1 cells and in non-β-cells (including HEK and CHO cells). We found that all Na V subunits inactivated at 20-30 mV more negative membrane potentials in Ins1 cells than in HEK or CHO cells. The more negative inactivation in Ins1 cells does not involve a diffusible intracellular factor because the difference between Ins1 and CHO persisted after excision of the membrane. Na V 1.7 inactivated at 15--20 mV more negative membrane potentials than Na V 1.3 and Na V 1.6 in Ins1 cells but this small difference is insufficient to solely

A neural network potential energy surface for the NaH2 system and dynamics studies on the H(2S) + NaH(X1Σ+) → Na(2S) + H2(X1Σg+) reaction.

Science.gov (United States)

Wang, Shufen; Yuan, Jiuchuang; Li, Huixing; Chen, Maodu

2017-08-02

In order to study the dynamics of the reaction H( 2 S) + NaH(X 1 Σ + ) → Na( 2 S) + H 2 (X 1 Σ g + ), a new potential energy surface (PES) for the ground state of the NaH 2 system is constructed based on 35 730 ab initio energy points. Using basis sets of quadruple zeta quality, multireference configuration interaction calculations with Davidson correction were carried out to obtain the ab initio energy points. The neural network method is used to fit the PES, and the root mean square error is very small (0.00639 eV). The bond lengths, dissociation energies, zero-point energies and spectroscopic constants of H 2 (X 1 Σ g + ) and NaH(X 1 Σ + ) obtained on the new NaH 2 PES are in good agreement with the experiment data. On the new PES, the reactant coordinate-based time-dependent wave packet method is applied to study the reaction dynamics of H( 2 S) + NaH(X 1 Σ + ) → Na( 2 S) + H 2 (X 1 Σ g + ), and the reaction probabilities, integral cross-sections (ICSs) and differential cross-sections (DCSs) are obtained. There is no threshold in the reaction due to the absence of an energy barrier on the minimum energy path. When the collision energy increases, the ICSs decrease from a high value at low collision energy. The DCS results show that the angular distribution of the product molecules tends to the forward direction. Compared with the LiH 2 system, the NaH 2 system has a larger mass and the PES has a larger well at the H-NaH configuration, which leads to a higher ICS value in the H( 2 S) + NaH(X 1 Σ + ) → Na( 2 S) + H 2 (X 1 Σ g + ) reaction. Because the H( 2 S) + NaH(X 1 Σ + ) → Na( 2 S) + H 2 (X 1 Σ g + ) reaction releases more energy, the product molecules can be excited to a higher vibrational state.

Effect of chloride substitution on the order–disorder transition in NaBH{sub 4} and Na{sup 11}BD{sub 4}

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Olsen, Jørn Eirik [Institute for Energy Technology, Physics Department, P.O. Box 40, NO-2027 Kjeller (Norway); Karen, Pavel [University of Oslo, Department of Chemistry, P.O. Box 1033 Blindern, NO-0315 Oslo (Norway); Sørby, Magnus H. [Institute for Energy Technology, Physics Department, P.O. Box 40, NO-2027 Kjeller (Norway); Hauback, Bjørn C., E-mail: bjorn.hauback@ife.no [Institute for Energy Technology, Physics Department, P.O. Box 40, NO-2027 Kjeller (Norway)

2014-02-25

Graphical abstract: Interactions that order the BD{sub 4}{sup -} tetrahedra below the order–disorder transition became increasingly frustrated by the solute in the Na({sup 11}BD{sub 4}){sub 1−x}Cl{sub x} solid solutions, and the order disappears at x = 0.158. Highlights: • The order–disorder transition temperature for Na(BH{sub 4}){sub 1−x}Cl{sub x} and Na({sup 11}BD{sub 4}){sub 1−x}Cl{sub x} is highly dependent on the Cl-content, x. • The transition is characterized by DSC for Na({sup 11}BD{sub 4}){sub 1−x}Cl{sub x} for x = 0, 0.10 and 0.15. • No transition is observed for x ⩾ 0.20 on cooling to 8 K. • The crystal structures are reported for Na{sup 11}BD{sub 4} at room temperature and 8 K and Na({sup 11}BD{sub 4}){sub 1−x}Cl{sub x} (x = 0.10, 0.15, 0.20 and 0.25) at 8 K from powder neutron diffraction. -- Abstract: Phase transition associated with anion disordering over two orientations in Na{sup 11}BD{sub 4} (NaBH{sub 4}) and its solid solutions with NaCl, Na({sup 11}BD{sub 4}){sub 1−x}Cl{sub x}, is investigated with powder diffraction (neutron and synchrotron radiation), differential scanning calorimetry and Raman spectroscopy. Upon heating, the transition temperature extrapolated to zero rate of heating is 192.2 K for Na{sup 11}BD{sub 4}, ΔS = 4.41 J/mol K, hysteresis 1.7 K and the volume increase 0.43%. Thermal parameters of the transition in Na({sup 11}BD{sub 4}){sub 1−x}Cl{sub x} follow a colligative-property model of an ideal solution, with x = 0.158(1) as the critical concentration at which the ordering interactions and the transition itself are eliminated. On approaching this limit, the tetragonal distortion of the ordered structure decreases somewhat towards the cubic average, and this is associated with a partial disorder of the tetrahedral anions seen by diffraction methods. In fact, a 3% disorder is already present in the pure solvent of the solid solution (Na{sup 11}BD{sub 4}) at 8 K.

TweetNaCl : a crypto library in 100 tweets

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Bernstein, D.J.; van Gastel, B.; Janssen, W.; Lange, T.; Schwabe, P.; Smetsers, S.; Aranha, D.F.; Menezes, A.

2015-01-01

This paper introduces TweetNaCl, a compact reimplementation of the NaCl library, including all 25 of the NaCl functions used by applications. TweetNaCl is published on Twitter and fits into just 100 tweets; the tweets are available from anywhere, any time, in an unsuspicious way. Distribution via

Na7 [Fe2S6 ] , Na2 [FeS2 ] and Na2 [FeSe2 ] : New 'reduced' sodium chalcogenido ferrates

Science.gov (United States)

Stüble, Pirmin; Peschke, Simon; Johrendt, Dirk; Röhr, Caroline

2018-02-01

Three new 'reduced' FeII containing sodium chalcogenido ferrates were obtained applying a reductive synthetic route. The mixed-valent sulfido ferrate Na7 [Fe2S6 ] , which forms bar-shaped crystals with metallic greenish luster, was synthesized in pure phase from natural pyrite and elemental sodium at a maximum temperature of 800 °C. Its centrosymmetric triclinic structure (SG P 1 bar , a = 764.15(2), b = 1153.70(2), c = 1272.58(3) pm, α = 62.3325 (7) , β = 72.8345 (8) , γ = 84.6394 (8) ° , Z = 3, R1 = 0.0185) exhibits two crystallographically different [Fe2S6 ] 7 - dimers of edge-sharing [FeS4 ] tetrahedra, with somewhat larger Fe-S distances than in the fully oxidized FeIII dimers of e.g. Na6 [Fe2III S6 ] . In contrast to the localized AFM ordered pure di-ferrates(III), the Curie-Weiss behavior of the magnetic susceptibility proves the rarely observed valence-delocalized S = 9/2 state of the mixed-valent FeIII /FeII dimer. The nearly spin-only value of the magnetic moment combined with the chemical bonding not generally differing from that in pure ferrates(II) and (III), provides a striking argument, that the reduction of the local Fe spin moments observed in all condensed sulfido ferrate moieties is connected with the AFM spin ordering. The two isotypic ferrates(II) Na2 [FeS2 ] and Na2 [FeSe2 ] with chain-like structural units (SG Ibam, a = 643.54(8)/ 660.81(1), b = 1140.2(2)/1190.30(2) c = 562.90(6)/585.59(1) pm, Z = 4, R1 = 0.0372/0.0466) crystallize in the K2 [ZnO2 ] -type structure. Although representing merely further members of the common series of chalcogenido metallates(II) Na2 [MIIQ2 ] , these two new phases, together with Na6 [FeS4 ] and Li2 [FeS2 ] , are the only examples of pure FeII alkali chalcogenido ferrates. The new compounds allow for a general comparison of di- and chain ferrates(II) and (III) and mixed-valent analogs concerning the electronic and magnetic properties (including Heisenberg super-exchange and double-exchange interactions

ZAZNAVA IN VPLIV BARV NA PRIMERU TISKANIH OGLASOV

OpenAIRE

Spes, Katja

2015-01-01

V diplomski nalogi smo s pomočjo literature opisali simboliko osnovnih barv, vpliv, ki ga imajo na ljudi, ter njihov pomen v oglasnih sporočilih. Omejili smo se na tiskane oglase (plakate, časopise, revije, neposredno pošto in embalažo) in opisali njihove prednosti in slabosti. Z anketnim vprašalnikom smo ugotavljali, na katere barve smo najbolj pozorni in katerim lastnostim se posamezne barve bolj približajo. Osredotočili smo se na sedem barv

Lipopolysaccharide hyperpolarizes guinea pig airway epithelium by increasing the activities of the epithelial Na(+) channel and the Na(+)-K(+) pump.

Science.gov (United States)

Dodrill, Michael W; Fedan, Jeffrey S

2010-10-01

Earlier, we found that systemic administration of lipopolysaccharide (LPS; 4 mg/kg) hyperpolarized the transepithelial potential difference (V(t)) of tracheal epithelium in the isolated, perfused trachea (IPT) of the guinea pig 18 h after injection. As well, LPS increased the hyperpolarization component of the response to basolateral methacholine, and potentiated the epithelium-derived relaxing factor-mediated relaxation responses to hyperosmolar solutions applied to the apical membrane. We hypothesized that LPS stimulates the transepithelial movement of Na(+) via the epithelial sodium channel (ENaC)/Na(+)-K(+) pump axis, leading to hyperpolarization of V(t). LPS increased the V(t)-depolarizing response to amiloride (10 μM), i.e., offset the effect of LPS, indicating that Na(+) transport activity was increased. The functional activity of ENaC was measured in the IPT after short-circuiting the Na(+)-K(+) pump with basolateral amphotericin B (7.5 μM). LPS had no effect on the hyperpolarization response to apical trypsin (100 U/ml) in the Ussing chamber, indicating that channel-activating proteases are not involved in the LPS-induced activation of ENaC. To assess Na(+)-K(+) pump activity in the IPT, ENaC was short-circuited with apical amphotericin B. The greater V(t) in the presence of amphotericin B in tracheas from LPS-treated animals compared with controls revealed that LPS increased Na(+)-K(+) pump activity. This finding was confirmed in the Ussing chamber by inhibiting the Na(+)-K(+) pump via extracellular K(+) removal, loading the epithelium with Na(+), and observing a greater hyperpolarization response to K(+) restoration. Together, the findings of this study reveal that LPS hyperpolarizes the airway epithelium by increasing the activities of ENaC and the Na(+)-K(+) pump.

Redetermination of Na(3)TaF(8).

Science.gov (United States)

Langer, Vratislav; Smrcok, Lubomír; Boca, Miroslav

2010-09-01

The crystal structure of trisodium octafluoridotantalate, Na(3)TaF(8), has been redetermined using diffractometer data collected at 153 K, resulting in more accurate bond distances and angles than obtained from a previous structure determination based on film data. The structure is built from layers running along [101], which are formed by distorted [TaF(8)] antiprisms and [NaF(6)] rectangular bipyramids sharing edges and corners. The individual layers are separated by eight-coordinated Na ions. Two atoms in the asymmetric unit are in special positions: the Ta atom is on a twofold axis in Wyckoff position 4e and one of the Na ions lies on an inversion centre in Wyckoff site 4d.

ser precoce na intervenção

OpenAIRE

Bernardo, Ana Carolina Couto

2013-01-01

Dissertação apresentada à Universidade Fernando Pessoa como parte dos requisitos para obtenção do grau de Mestre em Ciências da Educação: Educação Especial, área de especialização em Domínio da Intervenção Precoce na Infância Este estudo centra-se na implementação de uma Escola de Mães, programa de educação parental realizado em seis sessões na freguesia de Calhetas, ilha de S. Miguel, e na avaliação comparativa, anterior e posterior ao programa, das três mães participantes no que...

Na+/H+ exchange activity in the plasma membrane of Arabidopsis.

Science.gov (United States)

Qiu, Quan-Sheng; Barkla, Bronwyn J; Vera-Estrella, Rosario; Zhu, Jian-Kang; Schumaker, Karen S

2003-06-01

In plants, Na+/H+ exchangers in the plasma membrane are critical for growth in high levels of salt, removing toxic Na+ from the cytoplasm by transport out of the cell. The molecular identity of a plasma membrane Na+/H+ exchanger in Arabidopsis (SOS1) has recently been determined. In this study, immunological analysis provided evidence that SOS1 localizes to the plasma membrane of leaves and roots. To characterize the transport activity of this protein, purified plasma membrane vesicles were isolated from leaves of Arabidopsis. Na+/H+ exchange activity, monitored as the ability of Na to dissipate an established pH gradient, was absent in plants grown without salt. However, exchange activity was induced when plants were grown in 250 mm NaCl and increased with prolonged salt exposure up to 8 d. H+-coupled exchange was specific for Na, because chloride salts of other monovalent cations did not dissipate the pH gradient. Na+/H+ exchange activity was dependent on Na (substrate) concentration, and kinetic analysis indicated that the affinity (apparent Km) of the transporter for Na+ is 22.8 mm. Data from two experimental approaches supports electroneutral exchange (one Na+ exchanged for one proton): (a) no change in membrane potential was measured during the exchange reaction, and (b) Na+/H+ exchange was unaffected by the presence or absence of a membrane potential. Results from this research provide a framework for future studies into the regulation of the plant plasma membrane Na+/H+ exchanger and its relative contribution to the maintenance of cellular Na+ homeostasis during plant growth in salt.

Thermophysical properties of Na2Th (MoO4)3 (s) and Na4Th (MoO4)4 (s)

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Dash, Smruti; Rakshit, S.K.; Singh, Ziley; Keskar, Meera; Dahale, N.D.

2009-01-01

The heat capacity of Na 2 Th (MoO 4 ) 3 (s) and Na 4 Th (MoO 4 ) 4 (s) have been measured by differential scanning calorimeter in the temperature range 318 to 845 K. The corresponding values are: C p,m (Na 2 Th (MoO 4 ) 3 ,s,T) (JK-1 mol-1) 368.710+ 1.0 10-1 (T/K) - 4950267 (K/T)2 (318 ≤ T (K) ≤ 845). C p,m (Na 4 Th (MoO 4 ) 4 ,s,T) (JK-1 mol-1) = 638.761+ 5.12 10-3 (T/K) - 12691691 (K/T)-2 (318 ≤ T (K) ≤ 845). Experimental heat capacity values for Na 2 Th (MoO 4 ) 3 (s) match reasonably well with that of additive oxide values. But C p,m (T) values of Na 4 Th (MoO 4 ) 4 (s) deviates substantially from the additive oxide values above 700 K. The uncertainty of the measurements reported in this study is calculated to be within 1 to 3 % . (author)

Optimization and kinetics decomposition of monazite using NaOH

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

MV Purwani; Suyanti; Deddy Husnurrofiq

2015-01-01

Decomposition of monazite with NaOH has been done. Decomposition performed at high temperature on furnace. The parameters studied were the comparison NaOH / monazite, temperature and time decomposition. From the research decomposition for 100 grams of monazite with NaOH, it can be concluded that the greater the ratio of NaOH / monazite, the greater the conversion. In the temperature influences decomposition 400 - 700°C, the greater the reaction rate constant with increasing temperature greater decomposition. Comparison NaOH / monazite optimum was 1.5 and the optimum time of 3 hours. Relations ratio NaOH / monazite with conversion (x) following the polynomial equation y = 0.1579x 2 – 0.2855x + 0.8301 (y = conversion and x = ratio of NaOH/monazite). Decomposition reaction of monazite with NaOH was second orde reaction, the relationship between temperature (T) with a reaction rate constant (k), k = 6.106.e - 1006.8 /T or ln k = - 1006.8/T + 6.106, frequency factor A = 448.541, activation energy E = 8.371 kJ/mol. (author)

The loss of Na and Cl during the pyrolysis of a NaCl-loaded brown coal sample

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Mody, D.; Li, C.Z.

1999-07-01

A Victorian brown coal was physically loaded with NaCl and pyrolyzed in a quartz fluidized-bed reactor. The fluidized-bed reactor was equipped with a quartz frit in the freeboard zone to enable the total devolatilization of the coal particles. The introduction of NaCl into the coal has caused only minor reductions in the weight loss. A significant amount of chlorine was volatilized during pyrolysis at temperatures as low as 200 C. At temperatures around 400--500 C where the loss of sodium was not very significant, about 70% of chlorine was volatilized from the coal particles. With the volatilization of chlorine at this temperature level, sodium must have been bonded to the char matrix. With increasing temperature, the volatilization of chlorine decreased and then increased again, whereas the volatilization of sodium increased monotonically with increasing temperature. Almost all the Na in coal could be volatilized at temperatures higher than about 800 C. These experimental results clearly indicate that chlorine and Na interacted strongly with coal/char at high temperatures. Na and Cl in the coal did not volatilize as NaCl molecules. Significant amounts of species containing a COO-group such as acetate, formate and oxalate were observed in the pyrolysis products although the exact forms of these species (i.e., as acids, salts or esters) in the pyrolysis product remain unknown. The yields of the species containing a COO-group decreased with increasing temperature, possibly due to the intensified thermal cracking reactions at high temperatures.

Avaliação do tratamento térmico na composição química e na qualidade da cajuína Evaluation of the thermal treatment on the chemical composition and quality of "cajuína" beverage

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Ronaldo Ferreira do Nascimento

2003-08-01

Full Text Available Neste trabalho foi estudado o efeito do processo de tratamento térmico na qualidade e composição química da bebida cajuína quando submetida ao cozimento sob temperatura constante de 100ºC durante 1:00, 1:30, 2:00, 2:30, 3:00 e 4:00 horas. Alíquotas foram coletadas em cada tempo de aquecimento e analisadas por cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência (CLAE em relação aos ácidos (cítrico e ascórbico, aldeídos furânicos (5-hidroximetilfurfural e furfural e açúcares (frutose, glicose e frutose. Os resultados foram reprodutíveis e indicaram que as cajuínas comerciais do estado do Ceará apresentam uma grande diversidade quanto ao processo de cozimento e ao teor de vitamina C, causados principalmente por processos térmicos inadequados. O tempo mais adequado sugerido para o "cozimento" da cajuína está em torno de 2:00h. O trabalho também aponta a combinação das análises de 5-HMF, furfural, ácido ascórbico e teor de ácido ascórbico/ácido cítrico como uma metodologia alternativa para a avaliação da qualidade da cajuína.In this work the effect of the thermal process on the quality and chemical composition of the beverage cajuína was studied. Cajuína is basically clarified cashew juice. Samples of cajuína were submitted to thermal processes, of constant heating (100ºC for 1:00, 1:30, 2:00, 2:30, 3:00 and 4:00 hours. The samples were subsequently analyzed by HPLC for glucose, fructose, citric acid, ascorbic acid, hydroxymethylfurfural (5-HMF and furfural. The results showed that the commercial cajuína beverage of Ceará State presented a great diversity in process standardization and vitamin C content, caused by inadequate thermal processing. The process is more efficient with a time period of 2:00hs. The work also indicates a combination of the analyses of 5-HMF, furfural and ascorbic acid and the ratio ascorbic acid/citric acid, as an alternative methodology for the evaluation of cajuína quality.

Measurement and modeling of CO2 solubility in NaCl brine and CO2–saturated NaCl brine density

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Yan, Wei; Huang, Shengli; Stenby, Erling Halfdan

2011-01-01

over climate change and energy security. This work is an experimental and modeling study of two fundamental properties in high pressure CO2–NaCl brine equilibrium, i.e., CO2 solubility in NaCl brine and CO2–saturated NaCl brine density. A literature review of the available data was presented first...

Five ab initio potential energy and dipole moment surfaces for hydrated NaCl and NaF. I. Two-body interactions

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Wang, Yimin; Bowman, Joel M.; Kamarchik, Eugene

2016-01-01

We report full-dimensional, ab initio-based potentials and dipole moment surfaces for NaCl, NaF, Na + H 2 O, F − H 2 O, and Cl − H 2 O. The NaCl and NaF potentials are diabatic ones that dissociate to ions. These are obtained using spline fits to CCSD(T)/aug-cc-pV5Z energies. In addition, non-linear least square fits using the Born-Mayer-Huggins potential are presented, providing accurate parameters based strictly on the current ab initio energies. The long-range behavior of the NaCl and NaF potentials is shown to go, as expected, accurately to the point-charge Coulomb interaction. The three ion-H 2 O potentials are permutationally invariant fits to roughly 20 000 coupled cluster CCSD(T) energies (awCVTZ basis for Na + and aVTZ basis for Cl − and F − ), over a large range of distances and H 2 O intramolecular configurations. These potentials are switched accurately in the long range to the analytical ion-dipole interactions, to improve computational efficiency. Dipole moment surfaces are fits to MP2 data; for the ion-ion cases, these are well described in the intermediate- and long-range by the simple point-charge expression. The performance of these new fits is examined by direct comparison to additional ab initio energies and dipole moments along various cuts. Equilibrium structures, harmonic frequencies, and electronic dissociation energies are also reported and compared to direct ab initio results. These indicate the high fidelity of the new PESs.

Threshold oxygen levels in Na(I) for the formation of NaCrO 2(s) on 18-8 stainless steels from accurate thermodynamic measurements

Science.gov (United States)

Sreedharan, O. M.; Madan, B. S.; Gnanamoorthy, J. B.

1983-12-01

The compound NaCrO 2(s) is an important corrosion product in sodium-cooled LMFBRs. The standard Gibbs energy of formation of NaCrO 2(s) is required for the computation of threshold oxygen levels in Na(1) for the formation of NaCrO 2(s) on 18-8 stainless steels. For this purpose the emf of the galvanic cell: Pt, NaCrO 2, Cr 2O 3, Na 2CrO 4/15 YSZ/O 2 ( P O 2 = 0.21 atm, air), Pt was measured over 784-1012 K to be: (E±4.4)(mV) = 483.67-0.34155 T(K). From this, the standard Gibbs energy of formation of NaCrO 2(s) from the elements ( ΔG f,T0) and from the oxides ( ΔG f,OX,T0) was calculated to be: [ΔG f,T0(NaCrO 2, s)±1.86] (kJ/mol) =-869.98 + 0.18575 T(K) , [ΔG f,OX,T0(NaCr0 2, s)±4.8] (kJ/mol) = -104.25-0.00856 T(K) . The molar heat capacity, C P0, of NaCrO 2(s) was measured by DSC to be (350-600 K): C P0(NaCrO 2, s) (J/K mol) = 27.15 + 0.1247 T (K) , From these data, values of -99.3 kJ/mol and 91.6 J/K mol were computed for ΔH f,2980 and S 2980 of NaCrO 2(s). The internal consistency was checked with the use of enthalpy data on Na 2CrO 4(s). From the standard Gibbs energy of formation of NaCrO 2(s) the equation logC 0(wppm) = 3.9905-3147.6 T(K) was derived, where C 0 is the threshold oxygen level for the formation of NaCrO 2(s) on 18-8 stainless steels.

PRIMERJAVA GEODETSKIH METOD NA ZAHTEVNEM GRADBENEM OBJEKTU

OpenAIRE

Reberčnik, Matic

2017-01-01

V projektni nalogi smo v uvodnih poglavjih predstavili različne načine izvajanja geodetskih meritev, ki jih v gradbeništvu uporabljamo pri analizi pomikov in deformacij gradbenih konstrukcij ter terena, na katerem so le-te postavljene. V nadaljevanju opisujemo terestične in GNSS (globalni navigacijski satelitski sistem) metode, ki smo jih uporabljali pri izvajanju meritev na izbranem premostitvenem objektu avtocestnega odseka v Sloveniji (zaradi varovanja podatkov ga imenujemo Objekt 1). Pod...

Synthesis of Li(x)Na(2-x)Mn2S3 and LiNaMnS2 through redox-induced ion exchange reactions

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Luthy, Joshua A.; Goodman, Phillip L.; Martin, Benjamin R.

2009-01-01

Na 2 Mn 2 S 3 was oxidatively deintercalated using iodine in acetonitrile to yield Na 1.3 Mn 2 S 3 , with lattice constants nearly identical to that of the reactant. Lithium was then reductively intercalated into the oxidized product to yield Li 0.7 Na 1.3 Mn 2 S 3 . When heated, this metastable compound decomposed to form a new crystalline compound, LiNaMnS 2 , along with MnS and residual Na 2 Mn 2 S 3 . Single crystal X-ray diffraction structural analysis of LiNaMnS 2 revealed that this compound crystallizes in P-3m1 with cell parameters a=4.0479(6) A, c=6.7759(14) A, V=96.15(3) A 3 (Z=1, wR2=0.0367) in the NaLiCdS 2 structure-type. - Graphical abstract: Structure of LiNaMnS 2 . Li and Mn are statistically distributed in edge-shared tetrahedral environments linked into infinite planes. Sodium ions occupy interlayer sites

Número de amostras na análise geoestatística e na krigagem de mapas de atributos do solo

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Zigomar Menezes de Souza

2014-02-01

Full Text Available O objetivo deste trabalho foi analisar diferentes intensidades de amostragem do solo com relação à precisão na análise geoestatística e interpolação de mapas, para fins de agricultura de precisão em área de cana-de-açúcar. O solo foi coletado em duas grades regulares na profundidade de 0,00-0,20m para análise granulométrica (área 1 e da fertilidade do solo (área 2. Foram comparadas intensidades de amostragem do solo: 208, 105, 58 e 24 pontos na área 1 e 206, 102 e 53 pontos na área 2. Os dados foram submetidos à análise descritiva e geoestatística. Os variogramas construídos com 105 pontos não diferem dos variogramas com 208 pontos, fato que não ocorre para 58 e 24 pontos. O aumento do intervalo de amostragem e a redução do número de pontos promovem o maior erro na estimativa por krigagem. As amostragens com mais de 100 pontos por área não resultaram em melhorias significativas no erro da estimativa por krigagem, nem diferiram na quantidade de insumos aplicados em campo.

Corpo-escrita na esquizofrenia

OpenAIRE

Bialer, Marina

2014-01-01

Este artigo aborda a importância do trabalho de escrita na esquizofrenia. Toma-se como ponto de partida a formulação lacaniana sobre o esquizofrênico como aquele que não tem as funções dos órgãos do seu corpo dadas pelos discursos estabelecidos. A hipótese de que o trabalho sobre a letra pode permitir o tratamento do gozo debordante na esquizofrenia é analisada pelo estudo da obra do escritor esquizofrênico Robert Walser, a qual evidencia a viabilidade da construção de um corpo pela escrita n...

Chemisorption of Na on the Ti Nanoparticle surface and its effects on the Na-H{sub 2}O reaction reactivity

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Kim, Soo Jae; Park, Gunyeop; Baek, Jehyun; Park, Hyun Sun [POSTECH, Pohang (Korea, Republic of); Kim, Moo Hwan [Korea institute of Nuclear Safety, Daejeon (Korea, Republic of)

2015-10-15

This accident showed that elimination of SWR risk should be one of the most significant design criteria for the development of safe SFRs. Design solutions to ensure isolation of the Na from the water have been proposed; these include double-walled structures in the steam generator and at coolant boundaries and guard vessels or guard piping lines filled with inert gas. However, those methods cannot be ultimate solutions because the system still has a possibility of failure. An alternative approach to reduce the severity of the SWR is to reduce the reactivity of Na. Recently, this goal has been achieved by suspending a small amount of Ti nanoparticles (NPs) in liquid Na. Adding 2 at% of 10-nm Ti NPs in liquid Na reduced the heat of the reaction up to 80% and H{sub 2} production rate by 10%. The number of adsorbed Na atoms onto Ti NPs with respect to the various temperature and pressure was calculated by using ab-initio and thermodynamics. Furthermore, the model which relates the Na chemisorption and SWR reactivity was proposed. The repression of SWR by Ti NPs was expected to be caused by strong chemical interaction between Ti NP surface and Na atoms; ab initio calculation using density functional theory and atomistic thermodynamic approach were conducted to test this hypothesis. Adsorption of 0.25ML Na at hcp hollow sites was the most favorable adsorption surface state and strong chemical adsorption was confirmed by the adsorption energy of -1.65 eV. A covalent-like metallic bond was confirmed between adsorbed Na and Ti atoms on the Ti(0001) surface; this bond affects the hydration energy of Na atoms and the activation barrier of the SWR. Using adsorption energy from the ab-initio calculation and atomistic thermodynamics, the thermodynamically most stable adsorption state at (T,P) was determined Na chemisorption effect on the SWR reactivity regression rate is modeled. The model predict χ variation with respect to time well especially dramatic reduction of χ; the �

O apelo ecológico na propaganda como fator de influência na atitude de compra do consumidor: um estudo experimental

OpenAIRE

Santos, João Maurício

2010-01-01

Este estudo examinou o apelo ecológico utilizado na propaganda como influenciador na atitude de compra do consumidor, tendo em vista que nas duas últimas décadas houve um crescimento nos anúncios que utilizam este tipo de apelo, demonstrando que, pelo surgimento de um novo nicho de mercado, empresas têm se valido do marketing verde e da influência normativa na sua estratégia de marketing. Buscou-se investigar se efetivamente o uso do apelo ecológico na propaganda influencia pos...

Dejavniki psihološkega nasilja na delovnem mestu

OpenAIRE

Ilc, Teja

2011-01-01

Raziskave na področju delovnih razmer kažejo, da je danes pereč problem ravno psihološko nasilje na delovnem mestu. Posebna oblika psihološkega nasilja na delovnem mestu je mobing, s katerim se v praksi srečujemo vsak dan, vendar se ga pogosto ne zavedamo. Namen magistrske naloge je pojasniti pojem in pomen mobinga v delovnih organizacijah, poiskati možne vzroke in posledice, ki vplivajo na ta pojav, ter predlagati rešitve. Poznavanje mehanizmov, ki povzročajo mobing, njegovih vzrokov in...

Anisotropy and polarization in charge changing collisions of C4+ with Na(3s) and laser aligned Na(3p)

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Hoekstra, R; Morgenstern, R; Olson, RE

1996-01-01

Absolute cross sections for C3+(6-->5) emission at 465.7 nm after collisions of C4+ ions with ground state Na(3s) and laser excited aligned Na(Sp) atoms are measured over the collision energy range of 3-7 keV amu(-1). For Na(3s) polarizations are observed by measuring the linear polarization of the

Efeito da dexametasona e do cetoprofeno na osteogênese e na resistência óssea em ratos

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Patrícia Costa dos Santos da Silva

2012-04-01

Full Text Available O presente estudo teve como objetivo avaliar o efeito do cetoprofeno e da dexametasona na osteogênese ao redor de implante de hidroxiapatita densa (HAD na tíbia, no osso parietal, e na resistência óssea. Utilizaram-se 15 ratos Wistar, pesando 250±30 g, com 50 dias de idade. Após a anestesia com quetamina/xilazina IM, produziuse no osso parietal e na epífise proximal da tíbia uma cavidade de 3 mm, sendo implantada a HAD. Após a cirurgia os animais foram divididos em três grupos (n=5: controle (CT, anti-inflamatório não esteroidal (AINES e anti-inflamatório esteroidal (AIES. O grupo AINES foi submetido ao tratamento com cetoprofeno na dose de 12 mg/Kg/dia, o AIES recebeu doses de 0,10 mg/kg/dia de dexametasona o grupo CT recebeu solução fisiológica 0,9% (SF por via subcutânea durante 30 dias. Todos os grupos receberam a mesma dieta sólida e água ad libitum. Após 30 dias de experimento os animais sofreram eutanásia, os fêmures coletados, para teste mecânico, e os locais do implante das tíbias e o osso parietal, para análise histomorfométrica. Os grupos AINES e AIES apresentaram menor volume de osso neoformado na falha óssea e ao redor do implante de HAD , como também, menor força máxima para a ruptura completa dos fêmures, quando comparados com o grupo CT. O uso do cetoprofeno e a dexametasona interferiram na osteogênese ao redor do implante de HAD e no osso parietal, diminuindo a resistência óssea principalmente pela inibição da COX2 e diminuição das prostaglandinas, comprometendo a estabilidade e manutenção do implante.

Nalaz tombusvirusa na vrsti Erigeron canadensis L.

OpenAIRE

Jeknić, Zoran; Erić, Živojin; Grbelja, Julijana

1988-01-01

Iz listova zaraženih primjeraka korovne biljke Erigeron canadensis L. koji su rasli na nekoliko lokaliteta u Sarajevu izoliran je virus iz skupine tombusvirusi. Identifikacija virusa izvršena je na osnovi reakcije pokusnih biljaka, analize ultratankih presjeka kroz zaraženo tkivo, morfologije i veličine virusnih čestica, te na osnovi seroloških reakcija metodom dvostruke imunodifuzije u agarskom gelu i čvrsto fazne imunoelektronske mikroskopije (SPIEM). U serološkim pokusima upotrijebljen je ...

Transcriptional regulators of Na, K-ATPase subunits

OpenAIRE

Zhiqin eLi; Sigrid A Langhans

2015-01-01

The Na,K-ATPase classically serves as an ion pump creating an electrochemical gradient across the plasma membrane that is essential for transepithelial transport, nutrient uptake and membrane potential. In addition, Na,K-ATPase also functions as a receptor, a signal transducer and a cell adhesion molecule. With such diverse roles, it is understandable that the Na,K-ATPase subunits, the catalytic alpha-subunit, the beta-subunit and the FXYD proteins, are controlled extensively during developme...

NaIrO3-A pentavalent post-perovskite

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Bremholm, M.; Dutton, S.E.; Stephens, P.W.; Cava, R.J.

2011-01-01

Sodium iridium (V) oxide, NaIrO 3, was synthesized by a high pressure solid state method and recovered to ambient conditions. It is found to be isostructural with CaIrO 3 , the much-studied structural analog of the high-pressure post-perovskite phase of MgSiO 3 . Among the oxide post-perovskites, NaIrO 3 is the first example with a pentavalent cation. The structure consists of layers of corner- and edge-sharing IrO 6 octahedra separated by layers of NaO 8 bicapped trigonal prisms. NaIrO 3 shows no magnetic ordering and resistivity measurements show non-metallic behavior. The crystal structure, electrical and magnetic properties are discussed and compared to known post-perovskites and pentavalent perovskite metal oxides. -- Graphical abstract: Sodium iridium(V) oxide, NaIrO 3 , synthesized by a high pressure solid state method and recovered to ambient conditions is found to crystallize as the post-perovskite structure and is the first example of a pentavalent ABO 3 post-perovskite. Research highlights: → NaIrO 3 post-perovskite stabilized by pressure. → First example of a pentavalent oxide post-perovskite. → Non-metallic and non-magnetic behavior of NaIrO 3 .

LiVO/sub 3/-Li/sub 2/Mo(W)O/sub 4/ and NaVO/sub 3/-Na/sub 2/Cr(Mo)O/sub 4/ systems

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Belyaev, I N; Lupeiko, T G; Vyalikova, V I [Rostovskij-na-Donu Gosudarstvennyj Univ. (USSR)

1975-09-01

The systems LiVO/sub 3/-Li/sub 2/MoO/sub 4/, LiVO/sub 3/-Li/sub 2/WO/sub 4/, NaNO/sub 3/-Na/sub 2/CrO/sub 4/, NaNO/sub 3/-Na/sub 2/MoO/sub 4/ were studied with thermographic and partially visual polythermal methods of physical and chemical analyses. Except NaVO/sub 3/-Na/sub 2/MoO/sub 4/ all investigated systems are eutectic ones with limited solid solutions on the basis of some component; the eutectics melt at 542, 544, 550/sup 0/C and contain 25, 20 and 26% of Li/sub 2/MoO/sub 4/, Li/sub 2/WO/sub 4/ and Na/sub 2/CrO/sub 4/ respectively. The system NaNO/sub 3/-Na/sub 2/MoO/sub 4/ contains compound 18 NaVO/sub 3/.11Na/sub 2/MoO/sub 4/ congruently melting at 570/sup 0/C. Two eutectics of the system have melting points at 542 and 548/sup 0/C and contain 47 and 67% of Na/sub 2/MoO/sub 4/.

DRUŽBENA OMREŽJA NA INTERNETU

OpenAIRE

Ploj, Alen

2013-01-01

Družbena omrežja na spletu so zadnje čase zelo popularen način posredne komunikacije in predstavljajo naš vsakdan. Uporaba je enostavna in hitra, učinkovitost pa neverjetna. Zaradi priljubljenosti družbenih omrežij se njihove uporabe poslužujejo tudi različne organizacije, ki z njihovo pomočjo širijo obseg svojega delovanja ter obveščanja uporabnikov o svojih izdelkih/storitvah (marketing). Kot vsako donosno tržišče je tudi internetno tržišče nasičeno z družbenimi omrežji, ki ponujajo najr...

O Platonismo de Russell na metafísica e na matemática

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Guido Imaguire

2005-06-01

Full Text Available Neste artigo, analiso o surgimento e a superação do Platonismo em B. Russell, tanto na sua filosofia da matemática como na sua metafísica. Começo por explicitar os argumentos que levaram Russell a aderir ao chamado "Platonismo Proposicional" - posição que será tecnicamente relevante na definição de números. Na seção seguinte, discutirei até que ponto a teoria das descrições definidas determina, necessariamente, uma adesão ao nominalismo, e as dificuldades que surgem para o logicismo conseqüentes do abandono do platonismo. Finalmente, mostrarei como a posição madura de Russell caracteriza-se mais como um reducionismo do que propriamente como um nominalismo, e como este é fundado no princípio do mínimo vocabulário.In this paper, I analyze the emergence and the overcoming of Platonism both in Russell's philosophy of mathematics and his metaphysics. I begin by examining the arguments which led Russell to endorse a position that I term "Propositional Platonism" - this position proves to be relevant for Russell's definition of numbers. In the following section, I address the question of the extent to which Russell's theory of descriptions implies the acceptance of nominalism. Moreover, I examine the difficulties which arise for logicism, if it no longer goes hand in hand with platonism. Finally, I argue argue that Russell's mature position is to be characterized as a form of reductionism rather than as a variant of nominalism

Five ab initio potential energy and dipole moment surfaces for hydrated NaCl and NaF. I. Two-body interactions

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Wang, Yimin, E-mail: yimin.wang@emory.edu; Bowman, Joel M., E-mail: jmbowma@emory.edu [Department of Chemistry, Cherry L. Emerson Center for Scientific Computation, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia 30322 (United States); Kamarchik, Eugene, E-mail: eugene.kamarchik@gmail.com [Quantum Pomegranate, LLC, 2604 Kings Lake Court NE, Atlanta, Georgia 30345 (United States)

2016-03-21

We report full-dimensional, ab initio-based potentials and dipole moment surfaces for NaCl, NaF, Na{sup +}H{sub 2}O, F{sup −}H{sub 2}O, and Cl{sup −}H{sub 2}O. The NaCl and NaF potentials are diabatic ones that dissociate to ions. These are obtained using spline fits to CCSD(T)/aug-cc-pV5Z energies. In addition, non-linear least square fits using the Born-Mayer-Huggins potential are presented, providing accurate parameters based strictly on the current ab initio energies. The long-range behavior of the NaCl and NaF potentials is shown to go, as expected, accurately to the point-charge Coulomb interaction. The three ion-H{sub 2}O potentials are permutationally invariant fits to roughly 20 000 coupled cluster CCSD(T) energies (awCVTZ basis for Na{sup +} and aVTZ basis for Cl{sup −} and F{sup −}), over a large range of distances and H{sub 2}O intramolecular configurations. These potentials are switched accurately in the long range to the analytical ion-dipole interactions, to improve computational efficiency. Dipole moment surfaces are fits to MP2 data; for the ion-ion cases, these are well described in the intermediate- and long-range by the simple point-charge expression. The performance of these new fits is examined by direct comparison to additional ab initio energies and dipole moments along various cuts. Equilibrium structures, harmonic frequencies, and electronic dissociation energies are also reported and compared to direct ab initio results. These indicate the high fidelity of the new PESs.

Recovery of the heavy elements by NaY AND NaZSM-5 sorbant materials

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Nibou, D.; Lebail, S.

1997-04-01

Porous sorbants as zeolites have a several applications in differents fiels: industrial gas purification, catalysis, transformation hydrocarbures prosesses and exchange ions. The hiogh capacity to exchange their cations with those of aqueous solutions was known (1). Since the accession of synthetic zeolites, these silicates have invaded the market and the firstindustrial applications were in exchange field. Studies at Battelle Northwest in Rchland, Washington have shown that zeolites may be used in treatment of radioactive wastes (2). The used method for storing the isotopes is based on selective removal by ion exchange. Clinoptilolite, zeolite (modernite), NaA, and AW-500 have been used. In this context, the present work deals with the recovery of heavy metals like lead and uranium using some microporous materials. The obtained results show that NaY faujasite and NaZSM-5 of the FAU- and MFI-type structure respectively are very effective in removing these elements from waste water

Hali ya taaluma ya ukalimani Tanzania: jana, leo na kesho ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

Umuhimu wa ukalimani katika mawasiliano umeongezeka kutokana na utandawazi. Utandawazi umerahisisha kukutanika na kuwasiliana kwa watu wazungumzao lugha tofauti kupitia wakalimani. Kutokana na ongezeko hilo la umuhimu wa ukalimani, kumekuwa na jitihada mbalimbali katika nchi mbalimbali kuhakikisha ...

Minimizing Load Effects on NA4 Gear Vibration Diagnostic Parameter

Science.gov (United States)

Dempsey, Paula J.; Zakrajsek, James J.

2001-01-01

NA4 is a vibration diagnostic parameter, developed by researchers at NASA Glenn Research Center, for health monitoring of gears in helicopter transmissions. The NA4 reacts to the onset of gear pitting damage and continues to react to the damage as it spreads. This research also indicates NA4 reacts similarly to load variations. The sensitivity of NA4 to load changes will substantially affect its performance on a helicopter gearbox that experiences continuously changing load throughout its flight regimes. The parameter NA4 has been used to monitor gear fatigue tests at constant load. At constant load, NA4 effectively detects the onset of pitting damage and tracks damage severity. Previous research also shows that NA4 reacts to changes in load applied to the gears in the same way it reacts to the onset of pitting damage. The method used to calculate NA4 was modified to minimize these load effects. The modified NA4 parameter was applied to four sets of experimental data. Results indicate the modified NA4 is no longer sensitive to load changes, but remains sensitive to pitting damage.

Secretory NaCl and volume flow in renal tubules.

Science.gov (United States)

Beyenbach, K W

1986-05-01

This review attempts to give a retrospective survey of the available evidence concerning the secretion of NaCl and fluid in renal tubules of the vertebrate kidney. In the absence of glomerular filtration, epithelial secretory mechanisms, which to this date have not been elucidated, are responsible for the renal excretion of NaCl and water in aglomerular fish. However, proximal tubules isolated from glomerular fish kidneys of the flounder, killifish, and the shark also have the capacity to secrete NaCl and fluid. In shark proximal tubules, fluid secretion appears to be driven via secondary active transport of Cl. In another marine vertebrate, the sea snake, secretion of Na (presumably NaCl) and fluid is observed in freshwater-adapted and water-loaded animals. Proximal tubules of mammals can be made to secrete NaCl in vitro together with secretion of aryl acids. An epithelial cell line derived from dog kidney exhibits secondary active secretion of Cl when stimulated with catecholamines. Tubular secretion of NaCl and fluid may serve a variety of renal functions, all of which are considered here. The occurrence of NaCl and fluid secretion in glomerular proximal tubules of teleosts, elasmobranchs, and reptiles and in mammalian renal tissue cultures suggests that the genetic potential for NaCl secretion is present in every vertebrate kidney.

Mechanochemical transformations in Li(Na)AlH{sub 4}-Li(Na)NH{sub 2} systems

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Dolotko, Oleksandr [Ames Laboratory of the U.S. DOE, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011-3020 (United States); Zhang Haiqiao [Ames Laboratory of the U.S. DOE, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011-3020 (United States); Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011-2300 (United States); Ugurlu, Ozan [Ames Laboratory of the U.S. DOE, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011-3020 (United States); Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011-2300 (United States); Wiench, Jerzy W. [Ames Laboratory of the U.S. DOE, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011-3020 (United States); Pruski, Marek [Ames Laboratory of the U.S. DOE, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011-3020 (United States); Scott Chumbley, L. [Ames Laboratory of the U.S. DOE, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011-3020 (United States); Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011-2300 (United States); Pecharsky, Vitalij [Ames Laboratory of the U.S. DOE, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011-3020 (United States) and Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011-2300 (United States)]. E-mail: vitkp@ameslab.gov

2007-05-15

Mechanochemical transformations of tetrahydroaluminates and amides of lithium and sodium have been investigated using gas volumetric analysis, X-ray powder diffraction, solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and transmission electron microscopy. In a transformation of LiAlH{sub 4} and LiNH{sub 2} taken in an 1:1 molar ratio, the amount of released hydrogen (6.6 wt.% after 30 min ball milling) was higher than in any known one pot mechanochemical process involving a hydrogen-containing solid. A total of 4.3 wt.% of hydrogen is released by the NaAlH{sub 4}-NaNH{sub 2} system after 60 min ball milling; and 5.2 wt.% H{sub 2} is released when LiAlH{sub 4} and NaNH{sub 2} or NaAlH{sub 4} and LiNH{sub 2} are ball milled for 90 min and 120 min, respectively. All transformations proceed at room temperature. The mechanism of the overall transformation MAlH{sub 4}(s) + MNH{sub 2}(s) {sup {yields}} 2MH(s) + AlN(s) + 2H{sub 2}(g) was identified based on detailed spectroscopic analysis of the intermediate (M{sub 3}AlH{sub 6}) and final products of the ball milling process.

Ética na pesquisa em Administração

OpenAIRE

Leite, Ana Patrícia Rodrigues

2012-01-01

A ética na pesquisa científica é um tema abordado e muito discutido em diversas áreas do conhecimento ligadas à saúde. Na área da Administração, são raros os estudos que abordam o tema da ética na pesquisa. O presente estudo buscou preencher esta lacuna na produção do conhecimento sobre o tema, investigando como os princípios éticos encontrados na literatura e nos códigos de conduta são percebidos e considerados nas atividades de pesquisa em Administração, desenvolvidas por pes...

NA48 experiment : view along the NA48 beamline with the detector in the distance.

CERN Multimedia

Hans Taureg

1996-01-01

Photo 02: Side view of the NA48 experiment showing the LKR calorimeter cryostat No one is sure why the Universe wound up the way it has: all matter and no antimatter. According to prevailing theories, the early universe had equal amounts of matter and antimatter. To see what might be missing from the theories, physicists search for the rare cases in which matter and antimatter behave differently. One such imbalance, called direct CP violation, showed up in the NA 31 experiment at CERN. The results from this experiment, first presented in 1993, showed that when K mesons and their antimatter cousins decay, they show a slight preference for matter over antimatter. Later experiments with neutral K mesons, including NA48 at CERN and KTeV at Fermilab in the United States, showed direct CP violation is real.

Microhardness studies on as-grown faces of NaClO3 and NaBrO3 ...

Indian Academy of Sciences (India)

Unknown

studies are made on as-grown faces of these crystals at various loads. Typical cracks are ... crystals is around 1⋅6 suggesting that these are moderately harder samples. ... the values of elastic constants (C44) and are found to be close to the experimental results. ..... the structure of NaClO3 and NaBrO3 is not as simple as.

Thermodiffusive behaviour of NaCl and KCl aqueous solutions a model for the Na-K pump

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Gaeta, F.S.; Mita, D.G.; Perna, G.; Scala, G.

1975-01-01

In NaCl and KCl aqueous nonisothermal solutions K + inverts its sense of migration within the physiological concentration range; Na + behaves similarly at much lower concentrations. These findings are discussed in relation to solute induced modifications of water structure and of their influence on thermal diffusion. A possible evolutionary model of a thermodiffusive mechanism for the sodium potassium pump is also suggested

ANALIZA UPORABNIŠKIH VMESNIKOV NA MOBILNIH NAPRAVAH

OpenAIRE

Bohak, Gregor

2012-01-01

V diplomskem delu smo predstavili pravila in smernice oblikovanja uporabniških vmesnikov na mobilnih napravah. Omejili smo se na platforme Google Android, Nokia Symbian, Nokia MeeGo, Apple iOS ter Microsoft Windows Phone 7. Za vsako izmed platform smo predstavili splošen model uporabniškega vmesnika, splošen model uporabniškega vmesnika aplikacije, navigacijske vzorce ter gradnike. Vse skupaj tudi smo obogatili z veliko grafičnega materiala. V drugem delu smo na podlagi pridobljenega znanja p...

Role of alkali carbonate and salt in topochemical synthesis of K1/2Na1/2NbO3 and NaNbO3 templates

Science.gov (United States)

Lee, Jae-Seok; Jeon, Jae-Ho; Choi, Si-Young

2013-11-01

Since the properties of lead-free piezoelectric materials have thus far failed to meet those of lead-based materials, either chemical doping or morphological texturing should be employed to improve the piezoelectric properties of lead-free piezoelectric ceramics. The goal of this study was to synthesize plate-like K1/2Na1/2NbO3 and NaNbO3 particles, which are the most favorable templates for morphological texturing of K1/2Na1/2NbO3 ceramics. To achieve this goal, Bi2.5Na3.5Nb5O18 precursors in a plate-like shape were first synthesized and subsequently converted into K1/2Na1/2NbO3 or NaNbO3 particles that retain the morphology of Bi2.5Na3.5Nb5O18. In this study, we found that sodium or potassium carbonate does not play a major role in converting the Bi2.5Na3.5Nb5O18 precursor to K1/2Na1/2NbO3 or NaNbO3, on the contrary to previous reports; however, the salt contributes to the conversion reaction. All synthesis processes have been performed via a molten salt method, and scanning electron microscopy, scanning probe microscopy, and inductively coupled plasma mass spectroscopy were used to characterize the synthesized K1/2Na1/2NbO3 or NaNbO3 templates.

Mapping of leptospirosis risk factor based on remote sensing image in Tembalang, Semarang City, Central Java

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Sunaryo Sunaryo

2012-09-01

Full Text Available AbstrakLatar belakang: Leptospirosis merupakan penyakit zoonosis yang disebabkan oleh bakteri leptospira dan menular kepada manusia melalui kontak dengan urine hewan dan lingkungan yang terkontaminasi bakteri leptospira. Kecamatan Tembalang merupakan daerah endemis leptospirosis selama tiga tahun terakhir. Tujuan penelitian ini mengkaji kegunaan citra penginderaan jauh untuk pemetaan faktor risiko lingkungan leptospirosis.Metode: Penelitian ini menggunakan cara potong lintang, subyek sebanyak 246 dipetakan dengan GPS. Dengan program ArcGis 9.2 kasus leptospirosis ditumpang susun dengan citra Quickbird, kemudian dilakukan interpretasi kenampakan visual, dan dilakukan digitasi layar untuk identifi kasi faktor risiko secara visual.Hasil: Berdasarkan visualisasi digital diperoleh data bahwa kasus leptospirosis tahun 2009 terbanyak tersebar membentuk klaster di wilayah Tembalang dengan indeks jarak terdekat 0,009 km, sedangkan indeks jarak terjauh 18 km. Kasus lebih banyak ditemukan pada anak-anak dan remaja laki-laki, secara temporal kasus meningkat pada musim kemarau, antara bulan Juli dan Agustus. Hasil interpretasi visual dan digitasi diperoleh peta penggunaan lahan, badan air, pemukiman, area luasan banjir, kerapatan vegetasi dan ketinggian tempat.Kesimpulan: Citra penginderaan jauh resolusi spasial tinggi sangat baik untuk pemetaan faktor risiko leptospirosis. Sebaran kasus leptospirosis membentuk klaster di wilayah Tembalang, kasus didominasi anakanakdan remaja laki-laki. (Health Science Indones 2012;1:45-50Kata kunci: citra penginderaan jauh, leptospirosis, Tembalang AbstractBackground: Leptospirosis is a zoonotic disease, caused by leptospira bacteria and transmitted to human by contact though contaminated animal urine and environment. Tembalang Sub District is endemic area ofleptospirosis and increased at last three years. The aim of this research was to study the ability and usefulness of image remote sensing for mapping as distribution

KERAGAMAN BAHAN MAKANAN UNTUK SARAPAN ANAK SEKOLAH DI INDONESIA

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Dewi Permaesih

2017-01-01

Full Text Available Breakfast (5-9 AM is contributed around one third of daily nutrient intake. Some studies shown that breakfast can maintain the blood glucose level, increase school performance and prevent obesity. This study aimed to determine the food variety of breakfast consumed by most Indonesian people, aged 6-18 years. Analysis was conducted using secondary data taken from the Individual Food Consumption Survey (SKMI 2014. The study was cross-sectional survey design conducted in 33 provinces in Indonesia in May-June 2014. 27870 (77.5% subjects were met the criteria. The age group of 6–12 years old consists of 7739 males and 7069 females, while aged 13–18 years old consists of 6612 males and 6450 females. Almost 60 percent (59,1% subjects consumed a combination of 3 food groups. 72,3 percent were consumed one food which was consist only serealia. Subjects who consumed with combination of 2 food groups such as serealia and water (49.6%, serealia and animal food (18.2%. Subjects who consumed combination of 3 food groups, such as serealia, animal food, and fat, were 49.6 percent. In conclusion, most students aged 6-18 years had breakfast but the variety of food was not adequate yet.   ABSTRAK   Sarapan atau makan pagi (jam 5-9 pagi penting untuk konsumsi makanan sehari. Sarapan dapat membantu mempertahan kadar gula darah, meningkatkan konsentrasi belajar serta mencegah terjadinya kegemukan. Perlu diperhatikan selain jumlah makanan juga keragaman jenis yang dikonsumsi. Tujuan analisis adalah mendapatkan informasi tentang keragaman bahan makanan yang biasa dikonsumsi penduduk di Indonesia, umur 6-18 tahun. Dilakukan analisis data hasil Survei Konsumsi Makanan Individu (SKMI 2014 dari rumah-tangga terpilih di 33 provinsi di Indonesia pada bulan Mei-Juni 2014 dengan desain penelitian potong-lintang. Sampel terdiri dari umur 6-12 tahun usia sekolah dasar (7739 orang laki-laki dan 7069 perempuan dan umur 13-18 tahun usia sekolah menengah (6612 laki-laki dan

Marketingový mix Restaurace Na chalupě

OpenAIRE

Kubíková, Martina

2013-01-01

Bakalářská práce se zaměřuje na rozbor marketingu a především marketingového mixu. Tedy na známé definice marketingu, marketingová prostředí a rozbor marketingového mixu, kde jsou zmapovány všechny jeho části (Produkt, Cena, Distribuce, Propagace, Fyzický důkaz, Lidé, Procesy). Z teoretických poznatků, které byly zjištěny v odborné literatuře, je vypracována praktická část. Zde je rozebrán marketingový mix Restaurace Na chalupě a zároveň tak i porovnání dvou provozovatelů, kteří se zde vystří...

Co-intercalation of Mg(2+) and Na(+) in Na(0.69)Fe2(CN)6 as a High-Voltage Cathode for Magnesium Batteries.

Science.gov (United States)

Kim, Dong-Min; Kim, Youngjin; Arumugam, Durairaj; Woo, Sang Won; Jo, Yong Nam; Park, Min-Sik; Kim, Young-Jun; Choi, Nam-Soon; Lee, Kyu Tae

2016-04-06

Thanks to the advantages of low cost and good safety, magnesium metal batteries get the limelight as substituent for lithium ion batteries. However, the energy density of state-of-the-art magnesium batteries is not high enough because of their low operating potential; thus, it is necessary to improve the energy density by developing new high-voltage cathode materials. In this study, nanosized Berlin green Fe2(CN)6 and Prussian blue Na(0.69)Fe2(CN)6 are compared as high-voltage cathode materials for magnesium batteries. Interestingly, while Mg(2+) ions cannot be intercalated in Fe2(CN)6, Na(0.69)Fe2(CN)6 shows reversible intercalation and deintercalation of Mg(2+) ions, although they have the same crystal structure except for the presence of Na(+) ions. This phenomenon is attributed to the fact that Mg(2+) ions are more stable in Na(+)-containing Na(0.69)Fe2(CN)6 than in Na(+)-free Fe2(CN)6, indicating Na(+) ions in Na(0.69)Fe2(CN)6 plays a crucial role in stabilizing Mg(2+) ions. Na(0.69)Fe2(CN)6 delivers reversible capacity of approximately 70 mA h g(-1) at 3.0 V vs Mg/Mg(2+) and shows stable cycle performance over 35 cycles. Therefore, Prussian blue analogues are promising structures for high-voltage cathode materials in Mg batteries. Furthermore, this co-intercalation effect suggests new avenues for the development of cathode materials in hybrid magnesium batteries that use both Mg(2+) and Na(+) ions as charge carriers.

Efeito do corte como dano mecânico na qualidade e na fisiologia de mamões 'golden'

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Jaqueline Visioni Tezotto

2011-10-01

Full Text Available A redução na qualidade pós-colheita do mamão deve-se em grande parte aos danos mecânicos, especialmente àqueles do tipo corte. O objetivo deste trabalho foi reproduzir este dano mecânico e avaliar os efeitos do número de cortes na qualidade e na fisiologia pós-colheita de mamões 'Golden'. Os cortes foram obtidos com o uso de uma lâmina de aço de 30 mm de comprimento e 5 mm de profundidade. Os tratamentos consistiram na reprodução de 1 a 4 cortes na região mediana dos frutos. Mamões sem cortes foram utilizados como controle. Após a reprodução dos danos, os frutos foram armazenados em câmara a 22ºC e 80-90% de UR por 10 dias. As análises de qualidade foram realizadas a cada dois dias, e as fisiológicas, diariamente. Os resultados demonstraram que a firmeza, o teor de sólidos solúveis e de ácido ascórbico, a atividade respiratória e a produção de etileno foram influenciados pelo número de cortes, de forma que a perda de qualidade dos frutos foi diretamente proporcional ao número de cortes.

Hydrothermal crystallization of Na2Ti6O13, Na2Ti3O7, and Na16Ti10O28 in the NaOH-TiO2-H2O system at a temperature of 500 deg. C and a pressure of 0.1 GPa: The structural mechanism of self-assembly of titanates from suprapolyhedral clusters

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Hyushin, G. D.

2006-01-01

An increase in the NaOH concentration in the NaOH-TiO 2 (rutile)-H 2 O system at a temperature of 500 deg. C and a pressure of 0.1 GPa leads to the crystallization R-TiO 2 + Na 2 Ti 6 O 13 → Na 2 Ti 3 O 7 → Na 16 Ti 10 O 28 . Crystals of the Na 2 Ti 6 O 13 titanate (space group C2/m) have the three-dimensional framework structure Ti 6 O 13 . The structure of the Na 2 Ti 3 O 7 titanate (space group P2 1 /m) contains the two-dimensional layers Ti 3 O 7 . The structure of the Na 16 Ti 10 O 28 titanate (space group P-1) is composed of the isolated ten-polyhedron cluster precursors Ti 10 O 28 . In all the structures, the titanium atoms have an octahedral coordination (MTiO 6 ). The matrix self-assembly of the Na 2 Ti 6 O 13 and Na 2 Ti 3 O 7 (Na 4 Ti 6 O 14 ) crystal structures from Na 4 M 12 invariant precursors is modeled. These precursors are clusters consisting of twelve M polyhedra linked through the edges. It is demonstrated that the structurally rigid precursors Na 4 M 12 control all processes of the subsequent evolution of the crystal-forming titanate clusters. The specific features of the self-assembly of the Na 2 Ti 3 O 7 structure that result from the additional incorporation of twice the number of sodium atoms into the composition of the high-level clusters are considered

NA48: Wiring up for Change

CERN Multimedia

2001-01-01

The NA48 Collaboration is rebuilding its drift chambers ready for the experiment to start up again this coming July. An intricate task involving the soldering of over 24,000 wires! The future of the NA48 experiment is coming right down to the wire, that is, the wires which the Collaboration is installing in the clean room of Hall 887 on the Prévessin site. Six days a week, technicians are working in shifts to rebuild the experiment's drift chambers. The original chambers were damaged when a section of a vacuum tube imploded at the end of 1999. A year ago, CERN gave the green light for this essential part of the spectrometer to be rebuilt, so the NA48 experiment, which studies CP violation (see box), still has a bright future ahead of it. Three years of data-taking ahead The NA48 experiment aims to penetrate the secrets of CP (Charge Parity) violation. Charge and parity are two parameters which distinguish a particle from an antiparticle. In other words, an electron possesses a negative electric ...

Impact of childhood stress on psychopathology Impacto de estresse na infância na psicopatologia

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Elisa Brietzke

2012-12-01

Full Text Available OBJECTIVE: Advances in our knowledge of mental disorder (MD genetics have contributed to a better understanding of their pathophysiology. Nonetheless, several questions and doubts persist. Recent studies have focused on environmental influences in the development of MDs, and the advent of neuroscientific methodologies has provided new perspectives. Early life events, such as childhood stress, may affect neurodevelopment through mechanisms such as gene-environment interactions and epigenetic regulation, thus leading to diseases in adulthood. The aim of this paper is to review the evidence regarding the role of the environment, particularly childhood stress, in the pathophysiology of MD. METHODOLOGY: We reviewed articles that evaluated environmental influences, with a particular focus on childhood trauma, brain morphology, cognitive functions, and the development of psychopathology and MD. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: MRI studies have shown that exposure to trauma at an early age can result in several neurostructural changes, such as the reduction of the hippocampus and corpus callosum. Cognitive performance and functioning are also altered in this population. Finally, childhood stress is related to an increased risk of developing MD such as depression, bipolar disorder, schizophrenia and substance abuse. We conclude that there is robust evidence of the role of the environment, specifically adverse childhood experiences, in various aspects of MD.OBJETIVO: Avanços no conhecimento da genética dos transtornos mentais (TM contribuíram para um melhor entendimento de suas bases fisiopatológicas. No entanto, dúvidas e questões ainda persistem. Estudos recentes têm se concentrado nas influências do ambiente no desenvolvimento de TM, e o advento de metodologias neurocientíficas oferece novas perspectivas. Eventos precoces de vida, como estresse na infância, podem ser capazes de alterar o neurodesenvolvimento através de mecanismos como intera

Oxidation of ethanol on NaX zeolite modified with transition metals

Science.gov (United States)

Mirzai, J. I.; Nadirov, P. A.; Velieva, A. D.; Muradkhanli, V. G.

2017-06-01

NaLaX, NaX + Co, and NaPdX catalysts are synthesized by modification of NaX zeolite with transition metals (La, Co, Pd). The activity of the prepared materials in catalytic ethanol oxidation is studied in the temperature range of 423-723 K. It is shown that NaPdX and NaX + Co accelerate the reactions of partial and complete oxidation of ethanol as the temperature rises. NaLaX accelerates both intramolecular and intermolecular dehydration of alcohol. It is shown that the NaPdX (1.0% Pd) sample has the highest activity in the complete oxidation of alcohol with the formation of CO2.

Non-preferential fuelling of the Na(+)/K(+)-ATPase pump.

Science.gov (United States)

Fernández-Moncada, Ignacio; Barros, L Felipe

2014-06-15

There is abundant evidence that glycolysis and the Na(+)/K(+)-ATPase pump are functionally coupled, and it is thought that the nature of the coupling is energetic, with glycolysis providing the ATP that fuels the pump. This notion has been instrumental to current models of brain energy metabolism. However, structural and biophysical considerations suggest that the pump should also have access to mitochondrial ATP, which is much more abundant. In the present study, we have investigated the source of ATP that fuels the Na(+) pump in astrocytes, taking advantage of the high temporal resolution of recently available FRET nanosensors for glucose, lactate and ATP. The activity of the Na(+) pump was assessed in parallel with the Na(+)-sensitive dye SBFI AM (Na(+)-binding benzofuran isophthalate acetoxymethyl ester). OXPHOS (oxidative phosphorylation) inhibition resulted in bulk ATP depletion and a 5-fold stimulation of glycolytic flux, in spite of which Na(+) pumping was inhibited by 90%. Mathematical modelling of ATP dynamics showed that the observed pump failure is inconsistent with preferential fuelling of the Na(+) pump by glycolytic ATP. We conclude that the nature of the functional coupling between the Na(+) pump and the glycolytic machinery is not energetic and that the pump is mainly fuelled by mitochondrial ATP.

Atletismo na escola : realidade?

OpenAIRE

Sampaio, Alessandro Oliveira de

2012-01-01

O correr, saltar, lançar e arremessar são elementos básicos do atletismo, sendo fundamentais para o ser humano, devido ao favorecimento do desenvolvimento físico e motor. Sendo um dos conteúdos principais do desporto e da educação física escolar, foi realizado um estudo relacionado à prática do atletismo na escola, na qual o objetivo desta pesquisa foi verificar se entre os professores de educação física da rede pública de ensino fundamental de 5ª a 8ª séries, da cidade satélite de Samambaia ...

Influence of NaCl and NaHCO/sub 3/ on reduction of phytic acid in red kidney bean

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Shahnawaz, M.; Khan, T.U.

2007-01-01

Influence of sodium chloride (NaCI) and sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO/sub 3/) was studied on phytic acid in Red kidney bean (phaseolus sp). Two varieties of Red Kidney bean VI (Orakzai Korkha) and V2 (Kurram Korkha) were obtained from NWFP Agriculture University, Peshawar. The amount of phytic acid in V1 and V2 of Red kidney bean was 10 mg and 9.80 mg, respectively. Red kidney-bean flour soaked for 6 and 12 hrs. in water and in pH4 and 6 solutions has significantly reduced (70%) amount of phytic acid. Solution of pH6 was found most effective, while pH4 and water was less effective in lowering the phytic acid in Red kidney bean. Mixed food additives (1% NaCI + 2% NaHCO/sub 3/) in water, and pH4 and 6 solutions, reduced the level of phytic acid in Red kidney bean to 40%, 54% and 58% for 6 hrs, and 50%, 57% and 70% for 12 hrs. in respective solutions. Results revealed that soaking Red kidney bean flour in pH6 solution with the presence of NaCI and NaHCO/sub 3/, the action of phytase enzyme was well activated to hydrolyze phytic acid. It has been observed that soaking of flour in the respective solutions is a simple inexpensive method of lowering phytic acid in bean. The treatment with such a sophisticated combination of food additives will improve the nutritional status of Red kidney bean, which is used in many food products. (author)

Na2SO4-based solid electrolytes for SOx sensors

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Rao, N.; Schoonman, J.; Toft Sørensen, O.

1992-01-01

on the phases present and the structure of the specimens. From a point of view of practical application as SOx sensor material, the Na2SO4 + 5 mol% Y2(SO4)3 + Na2WO4 and Na2SO4+ 4 mol% La2(SO4)3 + Na2WO4 materials are better than undoped Na2SO4 because of their higher conductivity, and absence of a phase...

Kinetin Reversal of NaCl Effects

Science.gov (United States)

Katz, Adriana; Dehan, Klara; Itai, Chanan

1978-01-01

Leaf discs of Nicotiana rustica L. were floated on NaCl in the presence of kinetin or abscisic acid. On the 5th day 14CO2 fixation, [3H]leucine incorporation, stomatal conductance, and chlorophyll content were determined. Kinetin either partially or completely reversed the inhibitory effects of NaCl while ABA had no effect. PMID:16660618

Combined Effects of Boron and NaCl on Wheat Seedlings

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ZHEN Mei-nan

2015-08-01

Full Text Available To investigate the combined effects of boron(Band NaCl on the growth of wheat, a pot experiment was conducted using wheat (Triticum aestivum Linn.seedlings. Boron concentrations of culture medium were set as 0, 50 mg·kg-1 and 100 mg·kg-1, and NaCl concentrations were 0, 1 g·kg-1 and 2 g·kg-1. The results showed that both boron and NaCl could significantly inhibit wheat growth. At 50 mg B·kg-1, NaCl aggravated growth inhibition caused by boron. At 100 mg B·kg-1, however, NaCl alleviated the inhibition caused by boron. The combined stress of boron and NaCl significantly increased the root to shoot ratio of wheat. NaCl inhibited the uptake of boron by wheat. It suggests that under severe boron stress, NaCl is able to alleviate boron toxicity in wheat by increasing root to shoot ratio and reducing boron uptake.

An enhancement to the NA4 gear vibration diagnostic parameter

Science.gov (United States)

Decker, Harry J.; Handschuh, Robert F.; Zakrajsek, James J.

1994-01-01

A new vibration diagnostic parameter for health monitoring of gears, NA4*, is proposed and tested. A recently developed gear vibration diagnostic parameter NA4 outperformed other fault detection methods at indicating the start and initial progression of damage. However, in some cases, as the damage progressed, the sensitivity of the NA4 and FM4 parameters tended to decrease and no longer indicated damage. A new parameter, NA4* was developed by enhancing NA4 to improve the trending of the parameter. This allows for the indication of damage both at initiation and also as the damage progresses. The NA4* parameter was verified and compared to the NA4 and FM4 parameters using experimental data from single mesh spur and spiral bevel gear fatigue rigs. The primary failure mode for the test cases was naturally occurring tooth surface pitting. The NA4* parameter is shown to be a more robust indicator of damage.

A metodologia de projecto na aprendizagem da biodiversidade e geodiversidade na praia da concha

OpenAIRE

Rosa, Marina Maria Filipe

2012-01-01

Dissertação de mestrado em Biologia e de Geologia, apresentada ao Departamento de Ciências da Terra e ao Departamento de Ciências da Vida Este trabalho consistiu na implementação e avaliação da metodologia de projeto no estudo da Biodiversidade e Geodiversidade na Praia da Concha, Portugal Central, dando ênfase ao trabalho prático, através de uma aula de campo e de aulas laboratoriais. O trabalho foi realizado numa escola da Marinha Grande, com 11 alunos do 10º ano de escolaridade. Sendo a...

Thermal expansion studies on Th(MoO4)2, Na2Th(MoO4)3 and Na4Th(MoO4)4

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Keskar, Meera; Krishnan, K.; Dahale, N.D.

2008-01-01

Thermal expansion behavior of Th(MoO 4 ) 2 , Na 2 Th(MoO 4 ) 3 and Na 4 Th(MoO 4 ) 4 was studied under vacuum in the temperature range of 298-1123 K by high temperature X-ray diffractometer. Th(MoO 4 ) 2 was synthesized by reacting ThO 2 with 2 mol of MoO 3 , at 1073 K in air and Na 2 Th(MoO 4 ) 3 and Na 4 Th(MoO 4 ) 4 were prepared by reacting Th(MoO 4 ) 2 with 1 and 2 mol of Na 2 MoO 4 , respectively at 873 K in air. The XRD data of Th(MoO 4 ) 2 was indexed on orthorhombic system where as XRD data of Na 2 Th(MoO 4 ) 3 and Na 4 Th(MoO 4 ) 4 were indexed on tetragonal system. The lattice parameters and cell volume of all the three compounds, fit into polynomial expression with respect to temperature, showed positive thermal expansion (PTE) up to 1123 K. The average value of thermal expansion coefficients for Th(MoO 4 ) 2 , Na 2 Th(MoO 4 ) 3 and Na 4 Th(MoO 4 ) 4 were determined from the high temperature data

UM OLHAR SOBRE O DIABETES NA INFÂNCIA E NA JUVENTUDE: NEM TODOS SÃO TIPO 1

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ANGHEBEM-OLIVEIRA

2013-12-01

Full Text Available O Diabetes mellitus (DM é caracterizado como um quadro de hiperglicemia crônica, que com os anos causa disfunção endotelial e sérias complicações vasculares, como a retinopatia, nefropatia e o infarto agudo do miocárdio. À medida que a ciência avança na compreensão da fisiopatologia e das características clínico-laboratoriais do diabetes, sua classificação tem sido adaptada, justamente porque a correta classificação do diabetes vai impactará no prognóstico e tratamento do paciente. Atualmente, o diabetes é classificado em DM tipo 1, DM tipo 2, DM gestacional e Outros Tipos Específicos, que inclui a categoria MODY (do inglês, Maturity Onset Diabetes of the Young ou diabetes da maturidade com início na juventude. O que esta revisão pretende mostrar é quem nem todo diabetes diagnosticado na infância e na juventude é DM tipo 1

Hexagonal-layered Na{sub 0.7}MnO{sub 2.05} via solvothermal synthesis as an electrode material for aqueous Na-ion supercapacitors

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Hou, Yan; Tang, Hongwei; Li, Bao; Chang, Kun [Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Province for Green Manufacturing of Fine Chemicals, Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Media and Reactions, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, Henan, 453007 (China); Chang, Zhaorong, E-mail: czr_56@163.com [Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Province for Green Manufacturing of Fine Chemicals, Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Media and Reactions, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, Henan, 453007 (China); Yuan, Xiao-Zi; Wang, Haijiang [National Research Council of Canada, V6T 1W5, Vancouver, BC (Canada)

2016-03-01

The layered sodium manganese oxides Na{sub 0.7}MnO{sub 2.05} material was synthesized using Na{sub 2}CO{sub 3} and Mn{sub 3}O{sub 4} precursors via a solvothermal method at different temperatures. The X-ray diffraction (XRD) shows that the Na{sub 0.7}MnO{sub 2.05} sample has a high crystallinity with hexagonal crystal system. The electrochemical performance was characterized by cyclic voltammetry (CV), impedance measurements and galvanostatic charge–discharge tests in symmetric Na-ion supercapacitors with 1 mol L{sup −1} Na{sub 2}SO{sub 4} solution as electrolyte. The Na{sub 0.7}MnO{sub 2.05} material shows a high specific capacity of about 162.5 F g{sup −1} at a current density of 50 mA g{sup −1} and a high coulombic efficiency approaching 100%. Even at a current density of 200 mA g{sup −1}, the discharge capacity of the material can reach to 146 F g{sup −1}. This electrode material holds great promise for practical applications. - Highlights: • Novel electrode material for supercapacitor: hexagonal-layered Na{sub 0.7}MnO{sub 2.05}. • Na{sub 0.7}MnO{sub 2.05} is synthesized using Mn{sub 3}O{sub 4} precursors via solvothermal method. • Obtained Na{sub 0.7}MnO{sub 2.05} exhibits superior electrochemical performance.

22 Na positron source for annihilation positron spectroscopy

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Cimpeanu, Catalina; Craciun, L.; Dragulescu, E.; Dudu, D.; Racolta, P. M.; Voiculescu, Dana; Miron, N.

2003-01-01

To extend the nuclear physics applications and to perform the study of vacancy - type defects in metals, semiconductors, polymers etc., we decided to promote positron annihilation techniques. In order to achieve this goal we started a project of dedicated positron sources produced at the IFIN-HH U-120 Cyclotron. We have used the nuclear reaction: 24 Mg(d,α) 22 Na with deuterons of 13 MeV energy. The paper presents the main characteristics of this procedure, as follows: general conditions asked for 22 NaCl sources, reactive chamber and characteristics of Mg target, parameters for the irradiation, radiochemical procedures for separating Na from Mg after the irradiation and geometrical or mechanical requirements for dedicated NaCl source for positron annihilation spectrometry. In the e + lifetime measurements, the e + end - start signals may be obtained from prompt γ -quanta emitted from the NaCl source (1. 275 MeV photons). The 22 NaCl stock solution obtained by radiochemical separation will be kept in quartz sealed ampoules in dry places and will be dropped between the study materials before the use in positron spectrometry. (authors)

22 Na positron source for annihilation positron spectroscopy

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Cimpeanu, Catalina; Craciun, Liviu; Dragulescu, Emilian; Dudu, Dorin; Racolta, Petre Mihai; Voiculescu, Dana; Miron, N.

2005-01-01

To extend the nuclear physics applications and to perform the study of vacancy - type defects in metals, semiconductors, polymers, etc., we developed new positron annihilation techniques. In line with this goal we started a project for production of positron sources at the IFIN-HH U-120 Cyclotron. We made use of the nuclear reaction: 24 Mg(d,α) 22 Na with deuterons of 13 MeV energy. The paper present the main steps of this procedure which are: establishing the conditions required for 22 NaCl sources, for the parameters of reaction chamber and the characteristics of Mg target, parameters for the irradiation, radiochemical procedures for separation of Na from Mg after irradiation as well as the geometrical and mechanical requirements for the NaCl source. In the e + lifetime measurements the e + 'stop' signals are always provided by gamma - quanta generated by the e + e - annihilation and the 'start' signals are obtained from 'prompt' gamma - quanta emitted by the NaCl source (1.275 MeV photons). The 22 NaCl stock solution obtained by radiochemical separation will be kept in quartz sealed ampoules. (authors)

O outro na relação

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Reinoldo Marquezan

2012-03-01

Full Text Available O texto aborda as contribuições de Meirieu em relação ao outro que se estabelece na relação pedagógica e de Maturana que refere o outro como legítimo outro da convivência. Aponta ser necessário estabelecer o outro na relação como legítimo outro para a consecução do ato pedagógica.Palavras-chave: O Outro na Relação. Relação Pedagógica.

MODELI MERJENJA KAKOVOSTI STORITEV NA MEDORGANIZACIJSKEM TRGU

OpenAIRE

Cestnik, Dušan

2011-01-01

Vse večja konkurenca na medorganizacijskih trgih sili tako storitvena podjetja, kot tudi podjetja, ki tržijo izdelke, da svoje delo opravljajo vse bolj kakovostno na vseh ravneh svojega delovanja. Podjetja morajo svoje odjemalce obdržati, prav tako pa morajo delovati tudi na pridobivanju novih odjemalcev. Da pa podjetja svoje odjemalce obdržijo morajo nenehno delovati tako, da uživajo zaupanje svojih odjemalcev. Odjemalec že z odločitvijo za neko določeno podjetje XY pričakuje, da bodo storit...

Lattice sites of Na dopants in ZnO

CERN Document Server

AUTHOR|(CDS)2069243; Martins Correia, Joao; Amorim, Lígia; Decoster, Stefan; Ribeiro da Silva, Manuel; Da Costa Pereira, Lino Miguel

2016-01-01

The angular distribution of beta− particles emitted by the radioactive isotope 24Na was monitored following implantation into ZnO single crystals at fluences above 5E12 cm−2 at CERN’s ISOLDE facility. We identified sodium on two distinct sites: on substitutional Zn sites and on interstitial sites that are close to the so-called octahedral site. The interstitial Na was to large extent converted to substitutional Na already for annealing at 200°C, from which an activation energy of 0.8−1.3 eV, most likely around 1.2 eV, is estimated for the migration of interstitial Na in ZnO.

Precipitation behaviors of Cs and Re(/Tc) by NaTPB and TPPCl from a simulated fission products-(Na2CO3-NaHCO3)-H2O2 solution

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Lee, Eil Hee; Lim, Jae Gwan; Chung, Dong Yong; Yang, Han Beum; Kim, Kwang Wook

2010-01-01

In this study, the removal of Cs and Tc from a simulated fission products (FP) solution which were co-dissolved with U during the oxidative-dissolution of spent fuel in a mixed carbonate solution of (Na 2 CO 3 -NaHCO 3 )-H 2 O 2 was investigated by using a selective precipitation method. As Cs and Tc might cause an unstable behavior due to the high decay heat emission of Cs as well as the fast migration of Tc when disposed of underground, it is one of the important issues to removal them in views of the increase of disposal safety. The precipitation of Cs and Re (as a surrogate for Tc) was examined by introducing sodium tetraphenylborate (NaTPB) and tetraphenylphosponium chloride (TPPCl), respectively. Precipitation of Cs by NaTPB and that of Re by TPPCl were completed within 5 minutes. Their precipitation rates were not influenced so much by the temperature and stirring speed even if they were increased by up to 50 .deg. C and 1,000 rpm. However, the pH of the solution was found to have a great influence on the precipitation with NaTPB and TPPCl. Since Mo tends to co-precipitate with Re at a lower pH, especially, it was effective that a selective precipitation of Re by TPPCl was carried out at pH of above 9 without co-precipitation of Mo and Re. Over 99% of Cs was precipitated when the ratio of [NaTPB]/[Cs]>1 and more than 99% of Re, likewise, was precipitated when the ratio of [TPPCl]/[Re]>1.

UREDITEV SPOLNEGA NADLEGOVANJA NA DELOVNEM MESTU V REPUBLIKI SLOVENIJI

OpenAIRE

Golavšek, Nastja

2009-01-01

V diplomski nalogi je predstavljena problematika spolnega nadlegovanja na delovnem mestu. Spolno nadlegovanje je nezaželeno ravnanje spolne narave ali drugo ravnanje, temelječe na spolu, ki ogroža dostojanstvo žensk in moških na delovnem mestu

RAZVOJ APLIKACIJE PRETOČNEGA VIDEA NA MOBILNEM TELEFONU

OpenAIRE

Horvat, Jernej

2012-01-01

Diplomsko delo obravnava prenos video signala iz mobilnega telefona na TV. Prenos poteka preko Wi-Fi omrežja. Na mobilnem telefonu je nameščena ustrezna Android aplikacija, ki omogoča direkten prenos video signala in nalaganje na TV sprejemnik. Pomemben dejavnik, ki prispeva, da je ta proces mogoč, je sistem IMS (IP multimedijski podsistem), ki predstavlja omrežja naslednje generacije.

gigapanorama of NA 62 cavern

CERN Multimedia

Brice, Maximilien

2015-01-01

The image shows the new rare Kaon decay experiment at CERN, called NA62. The NA62 experiment is 270 metres long and includes a 120-metre-long vacuum tank, shown here, housing several of the particle detectors. (Note: the experiment axis is a straight line, the curving of the tank is an optical effect of the photo.) Kaons are particles that decay into lighter elementary particles. The kaon decay processes are mostly well known, except for some very rare decay modes. For example, NA62 is investigating a rare decay predicted by the Standard Model in which a kaon decays into one pion and two neutrinos. This process occurs only once every 10 billion decays. The understanding of such ultra-rare decays are of great importance because they test the Standard Model in energy ranges not accessible by direct measurements. They are therefore complementary to the measurements at the LHC. ultra high definition on demand (photolab@cern.ch).

Regulation of cardiac remodeling by cardiac Na/K-ATPase isoforms

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Lijun Catherine Liu

2016-09-01

Full Text Available Cardiac remodeling occurs after cardiac pressure/volume overload or myocardial injury during the development of heart failure and is a determinant of heart failure. Preventing or reversing remodeling is a goal of heart failure therapy. Human cardiomyocyte Na+/K+-ATPase has multiple α isoforms (1-3. The expression of the α subunit of the Na+/K+-ATPase is often altered in hypertrophic and failing hearts. The mechanisms are unclear. There are limited data from human cardiomyocytes. Abundant evidences from rodents show that Na+/K+-ATPase regulates cardiac contractility, cell signaling, hypertrophy and fibrosis. The α1 isoform of the Na+/K+-ATPase is the ubiquitous isoform and possesses both pumping and signaling functions. The α2 isoform of the Na+/K+-ATPase regulates intracellular Ca2+ signaling, contractility and pathological hypertrophy. The α3 isoform of the Na+/K+-ATPase may also be a target for cardiac hypertrophy. Restoration of cardiac Na+/K+-ATPase expression may be an effective approach for prevention of cardiac remodeling. In this article, we will overview: (1 the distribution and function of isoform specific Na+/K+-ATPase in the cardiomyocytes. (2 the role of cardiac Na+/K+-ATPase in the regulation of cell signaling, contractility, cardiac hypertrophy and fibrosis in vitro and in vivo. Selective targeting of cardiac Na+/K+-ATPase isoform may offer a new target for the prevention of cardiac remodeling.

Na+/H+ Exchange Activity in the Plasma Membrane of Arabidopsis1

Science.gov (United States)

Qiu, Quan-Sheng; Barkla, Bronwyn J.; Vera-Estrella, Rosario; Zhu, Jian-Kang; Schumaker, Karen S.

2003-01-01

In plants, Na+/H+ exchangers in the plasma membrane are critical for growth in high levels of salt, removing toxic Na+ from the cytoplasm by transport out of the cell. The molecular identity of a plasma membrane Na+/H+ exchanger in Arabidopsis (SOS1) has recently been determined. In this study, immunological analysis provided evidence that SOS1 localizes to the plasma membrane of leaves and roots. To characterize the transport activity of this protein, purified plasma membrane vesicles were isolated from leaves of Arabidopsis. Na+/H+ exchange activity, monitored as the ability of Na to dissipate an established pH gradient, was absent in plants grown without salt. However, exchange activity was induced when plants were grown in 250 mm NaCl and increased with prolonged salt exposure up to 8 d. H+-coupled exchange was specific for Na, because chloride salts of other monovalent cations did not dissipate the pH gradient. Na+/H+ exchange activity was dependent on Na (substrate) concentration, and kinetic analysis indicated that the affinity (apparent Km) of the transporter for Na+ is 22.8 mm. Data from two experimental approaches supports electroneutral exchange (one Na+ exchanged for one proton): (a) no change in membrane potential was measured during the exchange reaction, and (b) Na+/H+ exchange was unaffected by the presence or absence of a membrane potential. Results from this research provide a framework for future studies into the regulation of the plant plasma membrane Na+/H+ exchanger and its relative contribution to the maintenance of cellular Na+ homeostasis during plant growth in salt. PMID:12805632

Electron scattering in graphene with adsorbed NaCl nanoparticles

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Drabińska, Aneta, E-mail: Aneta.Drabinska@fuw.edu.pl; Kaźmierczak, Piotr; Bożek, Rafał; Karpierz, Ewelina; Wysmołek, Andrzej; Kamińska, Maria [Faculty of Physics, University of Warsaw, Pasteura 5, 02-093 Warsaw (Poland); Wołoś, Agnieszka [Faculty of Physics, University of Warsaw, Pasteura 5, 02-093 Warsaw (Poland); Institute of Physics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Al. Lotników 32/46, 02-668 Warsaw (Poland); Pasternak, Iwona; Strupiński, Włodek [Institute of Electronic Materials Technology, Wólczyńska 133, 01-919 Warsaw (Poland); Krajewska, Aleksandra [Institute of Electronic Materials Technology, Wólczyńska 133, 01-919 Warsaw (Poland); Institute of Optoelectronics, Military University of Technology, Kaliskiego 2, 00-908 Warsaw (Poland)

2015-01-07

In this work, the results of contactless magnetoconductance and Raman spectroscopy measurements performed for a graphene sample after its immersion in NaCl solution were presented. The properties of the immersed sample were compared with those of a non-immersed reference sample. Atomic force microscopy and electron spin resonance experiments confirmed the deposition of NaCl nanoparticles on the graphene surface. A weak localization signal observed using contactless magnetoconductance showed the reduction of the coherence length after NaCl treatment of graphene. Temperature dependence of the coherence length indicated a change from ballistic to diffusive regime in electron transport after NaCl treatment. The main inelastic scattering process was of the electron-electron type but the major reason for the reduction of the coherence length at low temperatures was additional, temperature independent, inelastic scattering. We associate it with spin flip scattering, caused by NaCl nanoparticles present on the graphene surface. Raman spectroscopy showed an increase in the D and D′ bands intensities for graphene after its immersion in NaCl solution. An analysis of the D, D′, and G bands intensities proved that this additional scattering is related to the decoration of vacancies and grain boundaries with NaCl nanoparticles, as well as generation of new on-site defects as a result of the decoration of the graphene surface with NaCl nanoparticles. The observed energy shifts of 2D and G bands indicated that NaCl deposition on the graphene surface did not change carrier concentration, but reduced compressive biaxial strain in the graphene layer.

Electron scattering in graphene with adsorbed NaCl nanoparticles

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Drabińska, Aneta; Kaźmierczak, Piotr; Bożek, Rafał; Karpierz, Ewelina; Wysmołek, Andrzej; Kamińska, Maria; Wołoś, Agnieszka; Pasternak, Iwona; Strupiński, Włodek; Krajewska, Aleksandra

2015-01-01

In this work, the results of contactless magnetoconductance and Raman spectroscopy measurements performed for a graphene sample after its immersion in NaCl solution were presented. The properties of the immersed sample were compared with those of a non-immersed reference sample. Atomic force microscopy and electron spin resonance experiments confirmed the deposition of NaCl nanoparticles on the graphene surface. A weak localization signal observed using contactless magnetoconductance showed the reduction of the coherence length after NaCl treatment of graphene. Temperature dependence of the coherence length indicated a change from ballistic to diffusive regime in electron transport after NaCl treatment. The main inelastic scattering process was of the electron-electron type but the major reason for the reduction of the coherence length at low temperatures was additional, temperature independent, inelastic scattering. We associate it with spin flip scattering, caused by NaCl nanoparticles present on the graphene surface. Raman spectroscopy showed an increase in the D and D′ bands intensities for graphene after its immersion in NaCl solution. An analysis of the D, D′, and G bands intensities proved that this additional scattering is related to the decoration of vacancies and grain boundaries with NaCl nanoparticles, as well as generation of new on-site defects as a result of the decoration of the graphene surface with NaCl nanoparticles. The observed energy shifts of 2D and G bands indicated that NaCl deposition on the graphene surface did not change carrier concentration, but reduced compressive biaxial strain in the graphene layer

Eletrencefalograma na síndrome parkinsoniana

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

José Geraldo Camargo Lima

1973-09-01

Full Text Available Foram estudados os eletrencefalogramas de 50 pacientes parkinsonianos livres de qualquer antecedente convulsivo, sendo registrados traçados anormais em 40% dos casos. A incidência de traçados anormais foi maior na síndrome parkinsoniana bilateral do que na unilateral (52% e 25%, respectivamente. Entre as anormalidades assinaladas foram as paroxísticas as mais freqüentes (65% dos casos, caracterizando-se predominantemente por surtos de ondas teta. O registro de anormalidades paroxísticas do tipo irritativo encontrado em três casos é salientado. Alterações da atividade de base foram assinaladas em 35% dos pacientes. A idade dos pacientes não parece ter tido importante papel na gênese das anormalidades eletrencefalográficas.

Design and implementation of the NaI(Tl)/CsI(Na) detectors output signal generator

Science.gov (United States)

Zhou, Xu; Liu, Cong-Zhan; Zhao, Jian-Ling; Zhang, Fei; Zhang, Yi-Fei; Li, Zheng-Wei; Zhang, Shuo; Li, Xu-Fang; Lu, Xue-Feng; Xu, Zhen-Ling; Lu, Fang-Jun

2014-02-01

We designed and implemented a signal generator that can simulate the output of the NaI(Tl)/CsI(Na) detectors' pre-amplifier onboard the Hard X-ray Modulation Telescope (HXMT). Using the development of the FPGA (Field Programmable Gate Array) with VHDL language and adding a random constituent, we have finally produced the double exponential random pulse signal generator. The statistical distribution of the signal amplitude is programmable. The occurrence time intervals of the adjacent signals contain negative exponential distribution statistically.

UM NÓ NA TRAMA DISCURSIVA: A CONSTITUIÇÃO DA ANÁLISE DO DISCURSO NA FACULDADE DE LETRAS/UFG

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

KÁTIA MENEZES DE SOUSA

2006-01-01

Full Text Available Este texto se apresenta como uma tentativa de registrar a forma  omo está se desenvolvendo os trabalhos em Análise do Discurso na Faculdade de Letras da Universidade Federal de Goiás. Para isso, resumidamente, situamos a Análise do Discurso, em seu percurso teórico e histórico, desde o surgimento na França, passando por sua entrada no Brasil e alcançando o cenário de sua realização hoje na UFG.

Determination of the absolute second-order rate constant for the reaction Na + O3 → NaO + O2

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Husain, David; Marshall, Paul; Plane, J.M.C.

1985-01-01

The absolute second-order rate constant for the reaction Na + O 3 -> NaO + O 2 (k 1 ) has been determined by time-resolved atomic resonance absorption spectroscopy at lambda = 589 nm [Na(3 2 Psub(j)) 2 Ssub(1/2))] following pulsed irradiation, coupled with monitoring of O 3 by light absorption in the ultra-violet; this yields k 1 (500 K) = 4(+4,-2) x 10 -10 cm 3 molecule -1 s -1 , resolving large differences for various estimates of this important quantity used in modelling the sodium layer in the mesosphere. (author)

Inovação na fabricação de cervejas especiais na região de Belo Horizonte

OpenAIRE

Ferreira, Rubens Hermógenes; Vasconcelos, Maria Celeste R Lobo; Judice, Valéria Maria Martins; Neves, Jorge Tadeu de Ramos

2011-01-01

Este artigo tem como objetivo identificar os processos de inovação na fabricação de cervejas especiais na grande Belo Horizonte. Para tanto, utilizou-se conceitos como cervejas especiais, inovação, empreendedorismo e gestão do conhecimento. O foco teórico foi concentrado na evolução da indústria cervejeira, no processo de inovação e nas diversas tipologias adotadas pelos autores tradicionais, que são referência no tema. Autores como Schumpeter, e os mais recentes, como Tidd, Bessant & Pavitt ...

Inovação na fabricação de cervejas especiais na região de Belo Horizonte

OpenAIRE

Ferreira,Rubens Hermógenes; Vasconcelos,Maria Celeste R Lobo; Judice,Valéria Maria Martins; Neves,Jorge Tadeu de Ramos

2011-01-01

Este artigo tem como objetivo identificar os processos de inovação na fabricação de cervejas especiais na grande Belo Horizonte. Para tanto, utilizou-se conceitos como cervejas especiais, inovação, empreendedorismo e gestão do conhecimento. O foco teórico foi concentrado na evolução da indústria cervejeira, no processo de inovação e nas diversas tipologias adotadas pelos autores tradicionais, que são referência no tema. Autores como Schumpeter, e os mais recentes, como Tidd, Bessant & Pav...

Når vulkanerne bestemmer

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Kaas, Eigil

2010-01-01

omkring en grad i flere år, mens vulkanerne i forhistorisk tid har haft endnu større effekt på klimaet. Klimaeffekten af nogle af de største vulkanudbrud 1783: Laki, Island: Ca. 1 grad 1815: Tambora, Indonesien: 0,4-0,7 1982: El Chichón, Mexico: 0,4-0,6 1902: Santa Maria, Guatemala: 0,4 1991: Pinatubo...

Vasopressin alters the mechanism of apical Cl- entry from Na+:Cl- to Na+:K+:2Cl- cotransport in mouse medullary thick ascending limb

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Sun, A.; Grossman, E.B.; Lombardi, M.; Hebert, S.C. (Brigham and Women' s Hospital, Boston, MA (USA))

1991-02-01

Experiments were performed using in vitro perfused medullary thick ascending limbs of Henle (MTAL) and in suspensions of MTAL tubules isolated from mouse kidney to evaluate the effects of arginine vasopressin (AVP) on the K+ dependence of the apical, furosemide-sensitive Na{sup +}:Cl{sup {minus}} cotransporter and on transport-related oxygen consumption (QO{sub 2}). In isolated perfused MTAL segments, the rate of cell swelling induced by removing K+ from, and adding one mM ouabain to, the basolateral solution (ouabain(zero-K+)) provided an index to apical cotransporter activity and was used to evaluate the ionic requirements of the apical cotransporter in the presence and absence of AVP. In the absence of AVP cotransporter activity required Na{sup +} and Cl{sup {minus}}, but not K{sup +}, while the presence of AVP the apical cotransporter required all three ions. {sup 86}Rb{sup +} uptake into MTAL tubules in suspension was significant only after exposure of tubules to AVP. Moreover, {sup 22}Na{sup +} uptake was unaffected by extracellular K+ in the absence of AVP while after AVP exposure {sup 22}Na{sup +} uptake was strictly K{sup +}-dependent. The AVP-induced coupling of K{sup +} to the Na{sup +}:Cl{sup {minus}} cotransporter resulted in a doubling in the rate of NaCl absorption without a parallel increase in the rate of cellular {sup 22}Na{sup +} uptake or transport-related oxygen consumption. These results indicate that arginine vasopressin alters the mode of a loop diuretic-sensitive transporter from Na{sup +}:Cl{sup {minus}} cotransport to Na{sup +}:K{sup +}:2Cl{sup {minus}} cotransport in the mouse MTAL with the latter providing a distinct metabolic advantage for sodium transport. A model for AVP action on NaCl absorption by the MTAL is presented and the physiological significance of the coupling of K{sup +} to the apical Na{sup +}:Cl{sup {minus}} cotransporter in the MTAL and of the enhanced metabolic efficiency are discussed.

Enhancing Catalyzed Decomposition of Na2CO3 with Co2MnO x Nanowire-Decorated Carbon Fibers for Advanced Na-CO2 Batteries.

Science.gov (United States)

Fang, Cong; Luo, Jianmin; Jin, Chengbin; Yuan, Huadong; Sheng, Ouwei; Huang, Hui; Gan, Yongping; Xia, Yang; Liang, Chu; Zhang, Jun; Zhang, Wenkui; Tao, Xinyong

2018-05-23

The metal-CO 2 batteries, especially Na-CO 2 , batteries come into sight owing to their high energy density, ability for CO 2 capture, and the abundance of sodium resource. Besides the sluggish electrochemical reactions at the gas cathodes and the instability of the electrolyte at a high voltage, the final discharge product Na 2 CO 3 is a solid and poor conductor of electricity, which may cause the high overpotential and poor cycle performance for the Na-CO 2 batteries. The promotion of decomposition of Na 2 CO 3 should be an efficient strategy to enhance the electrochemical performance. Here, we design a facile Na 2 CO 3 activation experiment to screen the efficient cathode catalyst for the Na-CO 2 batteries. It is found that the Co 2 MnO x nanowire-decorated carbon fibers (CMO@CF) can promote the Na 2 CO 3 decomposition at the lowest voltage among all these metal oxide-decorated carbon fiber structures. After assembling the Na-CO 2 batteries, the electrodes based on CMO@CF show lower overpotential and better cycling performance compared with the electrodes based on pristine carbon fibers and other metal oxide-modified carbon fibers. We believe this catalyst screening method and the freestanding structure of the CMO@CF electrode may provide an important reference for the development of advanced Na-CO 2 batteries.

Převodník Ethernet na RS-232

OpenAIRE

Dreiseitel, Jiří

2012-01-01

Práce je věnována problematice konstrukce převodníku Ethernet na RS-232 za pomocí jednočipového mikrokontroléru. Cílem je seznámit čtenáře se síťovou technologií Ethernet a technologií pro sériový přenos založený na protokolu RS-232 a zároveň s technologií vestavěných systémů pro konstrukci zařízení. Součástí práce je kompletní návrh převodníku Ethernet na RS-232 včetně návrhu a implementace firmware v jazyce C za využití LwIP TCP/IP stacku. Převodník je postaven na základě vývojového kitu ST...

Aumento gradual da variabilidade de prática: efeito na aprendizagem da estrutura e na parametrização da habilidade

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Marcelo Silva Januário

Full Text Available Resumo Tradicionalmente, na aprendizagem de habilidades motoras a prática tem sido estruturada de forma constante, em blocos, seriada ou aleatória. Tem sido proposta a superioridade da prática variada sobre a prática constante bem como da prática aleatória e seriada sobre a prática em blocos. Atualmente tem sido observada uma especificidade do tipo de prática: a prática constante auxilia na formação de uma estrutura de movimento, especialmente no inicio da aprendizagem e a prática variada na melhora da parametrização. O presente estudo investigou diferentes regimes de prática e a sua combinaçao numa sequência que fornece um aumento gradual de variabilidade (constante, blocos e aleatório na aquisição de habilidades motoras. A amostra foi distribuida em quatro grupos (n = 10: CCC (constante, BBB (blocos, AAA (aleatório e CBA (constante-blocos-aleatório. O experimenta foi dividido em fase de aquisição e teste de transferência. Na fase de aquisição a tarefa foi pressionar teclas numéricas do teclado de um computador em uma sequência (2, 8, 6, 4 com o dedo indicador, com tempo relativo entre os componentes especificado (22,2%, 44,4% e 33,3% e com os seguintes tempos totais (700, 900 e 1100 ms estabelecidos conforme o delineamento experimental. Os resultados do teste demonstraram superioridade dos grupos CBA e AAA na medida de erro absoluta, dos grupos CCC e BBB na medida de erro relativo e dos grupos CCC, BBB e CBA na medida de variabilidade de erro relativo. Tais resultados demonstram que os regimes de prática que forneceram menor variabilidade conduziram ao aprendizado de uma estrutura de movimento, enquanto que as que forneceram maior variabilidade resultaram na melhora da capacidade de parametrização.

Condições microbiológicas e de ocorrência do caramujo terrestre africano na cidade de Araguaína no Estado do Tocantins

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Lilyan Luizaga Monteiro

2015-12-01

Full Text Available Com base na grande incidência da espécie invasora de caramujo africano, Achatina fulica, na cidade de Araguaína, objetivamos investigar a relação existente entre as condições microbiológicas do caramujo e a ocorrência deste nas hortas domésticas na cidade. Foram seguidas metodologias laboratoriais na determinação de presença/ausência de microrganismos na superfície do caramujo, assim como de fungos filamentosos. Para complementar o trabalho foram entrevistados cento e um (101 moradores domiciliados em dezenove setores de Araguaína. Os resultados microbiológicos da superfície do caramujo apresentam valores acima de 1,2x105 UFC/g de bactérias heterotróficas, foram também isolados fungos dos gêneros Aspergillus, Penicillum, Trichophyton e Cryptococcus. No levantamento por entrevista, 86% dos entrevistados relataram uma alta incidência do caramujo nos seus domicílios no período chuvoso e 50% deles afirmaram ter algum tipo de canteiro em casa, porém 85% desconhecem as doenças que poderiam ser transmitidas por este caramujo. Concluímos que existe uma elevada contaminação microbiológica na superfície dos caramujos analisados, o que combinado com a preferencia pelos produtos de hortas domesticas desconhecendo os riscos que a invasão por caramujos pode acarretar, indicam a necessidade de ampliar o conhecimento sobre a determinação das condições de risco inerentes a A. fulica, assim como sua divulgação na sociedade araguaínense sobre seus efeitos, não somente na saúde das pessoas mas também na produtividade da agricultura artesanal.

Dhima za Mbinu Linganishi katika Kuhusisha Lugha na Lahaja ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

Lengo la makala hii ni kujadili dhima za Mbinu Linganishi katika kuhusisha lugha na lahaja. Data za makala hii zilikusanywa kwa kutumia mbinu mbalimbali ambazo ni usaili, ushuhudiaji, hojaji na majadiliano katika majopo. Utafiti ulifanyika Tanzania Bara hususan Mkoani Mtwara na Tanzania Visiwani katika maeneo ya ...

Structural analysis of molten Na2O-NaF-SiO2 system by Raman spectroscopy and molecular dynamics simulation

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Sasaki, Yasushi; Urata, Hidehiro; Ishii, Kuniyoshi

2003-01-01

To determine the effect of F ions on the structure of the molten alkali silicate systems, quenched Na 2 O-SiO 2 -NaF systems were investigated by Raman spectroscopy and molecular dynamics simulation. The systematic increase of 1100cm -1 band intensity in the Raman spectra of the silicate melts accompanying the replacement of O by F provides the evidence for concomitant polymerization of melts. From the molecular dynamics simulation, it was confirmed that most of substituted F was mainly coordinated to Na + ions but not Si 4+ ions at least up to 12.5 mol% of F ion content. A small amount of F was found to be coordinated to Si as a non-bridging ion from the molecular dynamics simulation, although there was no recognizable evidence from Raman Spectroscopy. These results were consistent with the mechanism in which F associated with otherwise network-modifying Na rather than with network-forming Si. Since F was associated to Na + ions, the replace of O ion by two F ions promote the polymerization of silicate melts. (author)

Na+ pump in renal tubular cells is regulated by endogenous Na+-K+-ATPase inhibitor from hypothalamus

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Cantiello, H.F.; Chen, E.; Ray, S.; Haupert, G.T. Jr.

1988-01-01

Bovine hypothalamus contains a high affinity, specific, reversible inhibitor of mammalian Na + -K + -ATPase. Kinetic analysis using isolated membrane fractions showed binding and dissociation rates of the hypothalamic factor (HF) to be (like ouabain) relatively long (off rate = 60 min). To determine whether the kinetics of inhibition in intact cells might be more consistent with regulation of physiological processes in vivo, binding and dissociation reactions of HF in intact renal epithelial cells (LLC-PK 1 ) were studied using 86 Rb + uptake and [ 3 H]ouabain binding. As with membranes, a 60-min incubation with HF inhibited Na + -K + -ATPase in LLC-PK 1 cells. In contrast to membrane studies, no prolonged incubation with LLC-PK 1 was needed to observe inhibition of Na + -K + -ATPase. HF caused a 33% inhibition of ouabain-sensitive 86 Rb + influx within 10 min. Incubation of cells with HF followed by washout showed rapid reversal of pump inhibition and a doubling of pump activity. The dose-response curve for HF inhibition of LLC-PK 1 86 Rb + uptake showed a sigmoidal shape consistent with an allosteric binding reaction. Thus HF is a potent regulator of Na + -K + -ATPase activity in intact renal cells, with binding and dissociation reactions consistent with relevant physiological processes

Robust high pressure stability and negative thermal expansion in sodium-rich antiperovskites Na{sub 3}OBr and Na{sub 4}OI{sub 2}

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Wang, Yonggang, E-mail: yyggwang@gmail.com, E-mail: yangwg@hpstar.ac.cn, E-mail: yusheng.zhao@unlv.edu [High Pressure Science and Engineering Center, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Nevada 89154 (United States); Institute of Nanostructured Functional Materials, Huanghe Science and Technology College, Zhengzhou, Henan 450006 (China); High Pressure Synergetic Consortium (HPSynC), Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Argonne, Illinois 60439 (United States); Wen, Ting [Institute of Nanostructured Functional Materials, Huanghe Science and Technology College, Zhengzhou, Henan 450006 (China); Park, Changyong; Kenney-Benson, Curtis [High Pressure Collaborative Access Team (HPCAT), Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Argonne, Illinois 60439 (United States); Pravica, Michael; Zhao, Yusheng, E-mail: yyggwang@gmail.com, E-mail: yangwg@hpstar.ac.cn, E-mail: yusheng.zhao@unlv.edu [High Pressure Science and Engineering Center, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Nevada 89154 (United States); Yang, Wenge, E-mail: yyggwang@gmail.com, E-mail: yangwg@hpstar.ac.cn, E-mail: yusheng.zhao@unlv.edu [High Pressure Synergetic Consortium (HPSynC), Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Argonne, Illinois 60439 (United States); Center for High Pressure Science and Technology Advanced Research (HPSTAR), Shanghai 201203 (China)

2016-01-14

The structure stability under high pressure and thermal expansion behavior of Na{sub 3}OBr and Na{sub 4}OI{sub 2}, two prototypes of alkali-metal-rich antiperovskites, were investigated by in situ synchrotron X-ray diffraction techniques under high pressure and low temperature. Both are soft materials with bulk modulus of 58.6 GPa and 52.0 GPa for Na{sub 3}OBr and Na{sub 4}OI{sub 2}, respectively. The cubic Na{sub 3}OBr structure and tetragonal Na{sub 4}OI{sub 2} with intergrowth K{sub 2}NiF{sub 4} structure are stable under high pressure up to 23 GPa. Although being a characteristic layered structure, Na{sub 4}OI{sub 2} exhibits nearly isotropic compressibility. Negative thermal expansion was observed at low temperature range (20–80 K) in both transition-metal-free antiperovskites for the first time. The robust high pressure structure stability was examined and confirmed by first-principles calculations among various possible polymorphisms qualitatively. The results provide in-depth understanding of the negative thermal expansion and robust crystal structure stability of these antiperovskite systems and their potential applications.