The Need to Establish a Permanent Military Tribunal to Serve the Legal Needs of the Departments of Alta Verapaz, Baja Verapaz, and the Municipality of Ixcn in the Departamento de El Quich in the Republic of Guatemala

Science.gov (United States)

2017-06-09

militar o el derecho disciplinario militar. Con relación al Derecho Militar en la doctrina, son variadas las definiciones que autores dan a esta rama...declaración de voluntad del mismo sujeto de que se actúen o denieguen dichas pretensiones, como medio para garantizar la observancia del Derecho Objetivo.”36

Altas capacidades en el aula /

OpenAIRE

Conesa Muñoz., María Gregoria

2014-01-01

Las altas capacidades necesitan un tratamiento específico, del mismo modo que lo necesitan otros alumnos con dificultades para el aprendizaje, el hecho de que les sea más fácil aprender no significa que no se deban potenciar sus capacidades. Se analiza el tratamiento que han tenido las altas capacidades intelectuales a lo largo de los diferentes sistemas educativos, se ven las características más importantes que pueden tener estos niños y las diferentes vías de identificación y diagnóstico. ...

Alta peab tasuma Kalevile mais / Kersti Saar

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

Saar, Kersti

2008-01-01

Indrek Rahumaa juhitav Alta Capital peab tasuma Oliver Kruudale Kalevi tütarfirmade eest 660 miljonit krooni hiljemalt 30. maiks. Vt. samas: Investorid teavad tehingu hinda ja lõplikku tähtaega. Diagramm: Kalevi turuväärtus jääb Alta müügihinnale alla

Índice de Competitividad Municipal 2013: Metodología para su construcción basada en Análisis Factorial y su aplicación en municipios urbanos en México || Municipal Competitiveness Index 2013: Methodology of definition based on Factorial Analysis and application to Mexican urban municipalities

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Guillermo Peón, Sylvia Beatriz

2015-12-01

Full Text Available El documento presenta una descripción detallada de la metodología para construir el Índice de Competitividad Municipal 2013 para México. El índice es calculado utilizando una metodología basada en Análisis Factorial y compara el desempeño de 96 municipios pertenecientes a 24 zonas metropolitanas en diferentes estados de la República Mexicana. El índice incluye 61 variables agrupadas en cuatro dimensiones o subíndices: Económica, Institucional, Socio-demográfica y Urbano Ambiental. El Índice de Competitividad Municipal es el promedio de los cuatro índices. Los resultados muestran evidencia de que los municipios pertenecientes a la zona metropolitana de Monterrey son los que en general tienen más alta posición en el ranking de competitividad y resaltan la necesidad de una mayor cooperación y coordinación intermunicipal para mejorar la competitividad de aquellos municipios que pertenecen a una misma zona metropolitana. El estudio se enfoca particularmente en el análisis de los factores de cada dimensión de la competitividad para los municipios del Estado de Puebla incluidos en la muestra. || This paper presents a detailed explanation of the methodology to construct the Municipal Competitiveness Index 2013 for Mexico. The index is calculated using a methodology based on Factor Analysis and compares the performance of 96 municipalities belonging to 24 metropolitan areas in different States of the Mexican Republic. The index includes 61 variables grouped into four dimensions or sub-indexes: Economic, Institutional, Socio-demographic and Urban-environmental. The Municipal Competitiveness Index is the average of the four indexes. The results show evidence that municipalities of Monterrey metropolitan area are, in general, the ones with higher position in the competitiveness ranking, and highlight the need of inter-municipal cooperation and coordination in order to improve competitiveness of those municipalities belonging to a common

The ALTA global positioning satellite based timing system

CERN Document Server

Brouwer, W; Caron, B; Hewlett, J C; Holm, L; Hamilton, A H; McDonald, W J; Pinfold, J L; Schaapman, J R; Soluk, R A; Wampler, L J

2002-01-01

The Alberta Large-area Time-coincidence Array (ALTA) experiment uses a number of scintillation detector systems to form a sparse very large area cosmic air-shower detection array. An important scientific goal of the ALTA collaboration is to search for coincidences in the ALTA array due to large area cosmic ray phenomena. A local cosmic ray event, determined by a coincidence of the triplet of cosmic ray detectors forming a local detector system, is time stamped with a temporal coordinate obtained from a GPS receiver. The readout of the data, the local coincidence and the GPS time stamp are all performed in the local readout crate. This time stamp, along with the local shower direction is used to search for coincidences within the large area array. Using two GPS receivers and duplicate sets of ALTA electronics the timing resolution of the GPS time difference between sites was estimated to be 16 ns.

Prevalência de asma em escolares de Alta Floresta - município ao sudeste da Amazônia brasileira Prevalence of asthma in schoolchildren in a municipality in the southeast of the Brazilian Amazon

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Márcia Regina de Col de Farias

2010-03-01

Full Text Available OBJETIVO: Analisar a prevalência e os sintomas relacionados à asma em escolares e adolescentes residentes em Alta Floresta, Mato Grosso. MÉTODO: Estudo transversal de base populacional da prevalência de asma em escolares de 6 e 7 anos de idade e adolescentes de 13 e 14 anos do município de Alta Floresta, MT, no ano de 2007. Foi utilizado o método padronizado do Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood - ISAAC, fase I, considerando como asmáticos aqueles estudantes que responderam afirmativamente à questão 2 - "presença de sibilos nos últimos 12 meses". RESULTADOS: Participaram da pesquisa 2.071 estudantes, dos quais 1.072 eram escolares (51,7% e 999 adolescentes (48,3%. A prevalência de asma entre os escolares foi de 21,4%, enquanto entre os adolescentes foi 12,4% (χ2 = 29,29; ρ = 0,00. Os escolares apresentaram maior prevalência dos seguintes sintomas: sibilos alguma vez na vida (49,9%, sibilos nos últimos 12 meses (21,4%, de 1 a 3 crises de sibilos (16,4% e tosse seca noturna (38,2%. Para diagnóstico médico de asma não houve diferença entre os dois grupos, situando-se em torno de 6,0%. Os escolares do gênero masculino apresentaram maior prevalência de asma, asma diagnosticada por médico e freqüência de sibilos maior ou igual a 4 vezes nos últimos 12 meses (ρ OBJECTIVE: To analyze the prevalence and symptoms of asthma in students of the Brazilian Amazon municipality of Alta Floresta-MT. METHODS: Cross-sectional study on the prevalence of asthma in 6 and 7 year-old children and 13 to 14 year-old adolescents, using the Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood - ISAAC method, phase I in 2007. Students who answered affirmatively question 2 - "presence of wheezing in the past 12 months" were considered asthmatic. RESULTS: Of the total 2,071 students, 1,072 (51.7% were children and 999 (48.3% were teenagers. The prevalence of asthma was 21.4% among schoolchildren, and 12.4% among adolescents (χ2 = 29.29; ρ = 0

Genetic diversity in cassava landraces grown on farms in Alta Floresta-MT, Brazil.

Science.gov (United States)

Tiago, A V; Rossi, A A B; Tiago, P V; Carpejani, A A; Silva, B M; Hoogerheide, E S S; Yamashita, O M

2016-09-02

Brazil is considered one of the domestication centers of cassava (Manihot esculenta), containing a large part of the biological diversity and traditional knowledge of the species. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the genetic diversity of cassava landraces grown by farmers in the north of Mato Grosso State, Brazil, using inter simple sequence repeat (ISSR) molecular markers. The study was carried out in the municipality of Alta Floresta, MT, on farms located in two rural areas. Seventeen cassava landraces were selected. The DNA was extracted and polymerase chain reaction amplifications were performed using 15 ISSR primers. Genetic similarity estimates were calculated using Jaccard's index and the generated matrix was used for clustering the genotypes by using UPGMA and Tocher's methods. The 15 ISSR primers amplified 120 fragments, revealing 61.67% polymorphism. The polymorphism information content ranged from 0.04 to 0.61, averaging 0.39. The most similar genotypes were AF5 and AF8, whereas the least similar were AF1 and AF16. The UPGMA clustering method formed five groups. Group I included twelve landraces, Group II contained two, and the other groups contained one landrace each. Tocher's method resulted in six groups: 12 landraces clustered in one group, and the other groups each contained one landrace. The ISSR markers proved efficient in revealing genetic diversity among the cassava landraces. The landraces grown by farmers in the two rural areas of Alta Floresta have a great variability and, thus, can be exploited in programs for breeding and preservation of the species.

The ALTA cosmic ray experiment electronics system

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Brouwer, W.; Burris, W.J.; Caron, B.; Hewlett, J.; Holm, L.; Hamilton, A.; McDonald, W.J.; Pinfold, J.L.; Price, P.; Schaapman, J.R.; Sibley, L.; Soluk, R.A.; Wampler, L.J.

2005-01-01

Understanding the origin and propagation of high-energy cosmic rays is a fundamental area of astroparticle physics with major unanswered questions. The study of cosmic rays with energy more than 10 14 eV, probed only by ground-based experiments, has been restricted by the low particle flux. The Alberta Large-area Time-coincidence Array (ALTA) uses a sparse array of cosmic ray detection stations located in high schools across a large geographical area to search for non-random high-energy cosmic ray phenomena. Custom-built ALTA electronics is based on a modular board design. Its function is to control the detectors at each ALTA site allowing precise measurements of event timing and energy in the local detectors as well as time synchronization of all of the sites in the array using the global positioning system

TransAlta Corporation 1996 annual report : new directions, new opportunities

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Anon.

1997-01-01

TransAlta Corp. is an energy management company that operates through two subsidiaries: (1) TransAlta Utilities Corp. which owns and operates electricity generation, transmission and distribution assets in Alberta, and (2) TransAlta Energy Corp. which is in the business of electric and thermal energy supply, gas and electricity distribution, energy services and energy marketing in regions of Canada, New Zealand, Australia, Argentina and the United States. This report presents a summary of operations, and provides consolidated financial statements and common share information for 1996. During the year the corporation advanced three significant initiatives (1) operational effectiveness, as shown by impressive productivity increases, and major investments in three independent power projects, (2) improved strategic direction through a review of plans and options, resulting in a clearer, more focused vision of the future, and (3) realignment of the organizational structure by centralizing marketing and sales functions, and establishing a corporate business development group. Details of operational and financial results were provided for both subsidiaries, i. e. TransAlta Utilities and TransAlta Energy. Sales of electric energy for TransAlta Utilities amounted to 27.8 billion kWh; 4.6 billion kWh for TransAlta Energy. Return on equity was 11.4 per cent, down from 11.8 per cent in 1995. Net earnings per common share were $1.14 per share (including one-time items), the same as in 1995. tabs., figs

Finite Element Analysis of Patella Alta: A Patellofemoral Instability Model.

Science.gov (United States)

Watson, Nicole A; Duchman, Kyle R; Grosland, Nicole M; Bollier, Matthew J

2017-01-01

This study aims to provide biomechanical data on the effect of patella height in the setting of medial patellofemoral ligament (MPFL) reconstruction using finite element analysis. The study will also examine patellofemoral joint biomechanics using variable femoral insertion sites for MPFL reconstruction. A previously validated finite element knee model was modified to study patella alta and baja by translating the patella a given distance to achieve each patella height ratio. Additionally, the models were modified to study various femoral insertion sites of the MPFL (anatomic, anterior, proximal, and distal) for each patella height model, resulting in 32 unique scenarios available for investigation. In the setting of patella alta, the patellofemoral contact area decreased, resulting in a subsequent increase in maximum patellofemoral contact pressures as compared to the scenarios with normal patellar height. Additionally, patella alta resulted in decreased lateral restraining forces in the native knee scenario as well as following MPFL reconstruction. Changing femoral insertion sites had a variable effect on patellofemoral contact pressures; however, distal and anterior femoral tunnel malpositioning in the setting of patella alta resulted in grossly elevated maximum patellofemoral contact pressures as compared to other scenarios. Patella alta after MPFL reconstruction results in decreased lateral restraining forces and patellofemoral contact area and increased maximum patellofemoral contact pressures. When the femoral MPFL tunnel is malpositioned anteriorly or distally on the femur, the maximum patellofemoral contact pressures increase with severity of patella alta. When evaluating patients with patellofemoral instability, it is important to recognize patella alta as a potential aggravating factor. Failure to address patella alta in the setting of MPFL femoral tunnel malposition may result in even further increases in patellofemoral contact pressures, making it

Criatividade e altas habilidades/superdotação

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Denise de Souza Fleith

2011-11-01

Full Text Available Identificar e estimular a criança com altas habilidades/superdotação tem se constituído em um desafio para educadores e psicólogos. Muitas concepções acerca do fenômeno das altas habilidades têm sido propostas por estudiosos desde o início do século XX. Uma das concepções mais conhecidas sobre o superdotado é de que seria aquele indivíduo que se sai bem nos testes de inteligência, ou que apresenta um desempenho intelectual superior. Entretanto, superdotação não pode ser considerada exclusivamente como sinônimo de QI alto. Concepções atuais sobre este fenômeno têm chamado a atenção para a importância de se considerar outros aspectos como influência do ambiente, sorte, autoconceito positivo, motivação e, especialmente, a criatividade. Dois importantes objetivos da educação do aluno com altas habilidades/superdotação são: (a desenvolver talentos e habilidades, auxiliando estes indivíduos a atualizarem seu potencial e se tornarem criativos, e (b habilitá-los a darem contribuições criativas à sociedade. O objetivo deste artigo é, portanto, discutir a importância da criatividade no desenvolvimento de altas habilidades/superdotação. Palavras-chave: Superdotação. Altas Habilidades. Criatividade. Inteligência.

Women's human agency and self-determination in Guatemalan tourism development

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Lindsay Usher

2010-01-01

Full Text Available El turismo es a menudo identificado como una estrategia para mejorar el bienestar de las comunidades y sus miembros más vulnerables - las mujeres y sus hijos. La capacidad de las mujeres para participar y beneficiarse del turismo está condicionada por los tradicionales roles de género y consiguientes desventajas educacionales. Los programas de desarrollo a menudo intentan mitigar estas disparidades. Este artículo examina la intervención de los Cuerpos de Paz como resultado de la mejora en el desarrollo humano y la autodeterminación de las mujeres indígenas Q¿eqchi, en Alta Verapaz, Guatemala. El artículo trata los logros y deficiencias de esta intervención así como sus implicaciones prácticas y teóricas.

O papel do professor junto ao aluno com Altas Habilidades

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Andréia Jaqueline Devalle Rech

2012-03-01

Full Text Available .Quando se discute a Educação Especial é comum, num primeiro momento, lembrar do aluno que compõe o especial na Educação como aquele com deficiência mental, auditiva, visual ou física. No entanto, assim como essas crianças, também os alunos com altas habilidades necessitam de um atendimento especializado, pois ele também é um sujeito da Educação Especial. Nesse sentido, este artigo apresenta a definição de altas habilidades, baseada na teoria de um pesquisador norte-americano e, como foco principal algumas questões que envolvem o professor de forma mais direta com o aluno com altas habilidades em sala de aula. Entre elas estão: questões sobre a aprendizagem escolar desses alunos, bem como os fatores que fazem parte desse processo, estratégias de ensino e a importância da identificação dos alunos com altas habilidades.Palavras-chave: Educação Especial. Professor. Aluno com Altas Habilidades

TransAlta 2003 annual report

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

2004-01-01

This annual report presents financial information from TransAlta Corp., along with a review of its operations throughout 2003 and a summary of the how the electric utility has performed in terms of power generation, independent power producers, transmission and energy marketing. TransAlta is one of the largest non-regulated power generation and wholesale marketing companies in Canada. It's assets include coal-fired, gas-fired, hydro and renewable generation facilities in Canada, the United States, Mexico and Australia. Reported earnings in 2003 were $1.26 per share compared to $1.17 in 2002. The strong first quarter was followed by harsh market conditions, low water levels which affected hydro production, and pricing restrictions in Ontario that reduced contribution from the Sarnia plant. This report outlines the utility's progress in increasing revenue and producing more power. In 2003, unplanned outages were reduced by 7 per cent and injury frequency rate was reduced by 27 per cent. The installation of 114 wind turbines in Fort Macleod, Alberta, increased TransAlta's renewable energy capacity to 3.7 per cent in 2003. The wind farm produces 75 MW of electricity, enough to power more than 32,500 homes annually. This report summarized the company's energy resource activities and presented an operations review as well as consolidated financial statements and common share information. This included the utility's assets, liabilities, revenues, expenses and cash flows. Revenue and expenditure statements were summarized by source. refs., tabs., figs

Embarcaciones de alta velocidad

OpenAIRE

Rodrigo de Larrucea, Jaime

2008-01-01

revolución tecnológica, con el desarrollo de nuevos tipos de buques de diseños cada vez más específicos y adaptados a su navegación y función. Sin duda una de las más espectaculares innovaciones es la de los buques de alta velocidad.

Bienestar psicológico en personas con alta capacidad intelectual

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Pedro Ramiro Olivier

2016-12-01

Full Text Available El bienestar psicológico en las personas de alta capacidad intelectual ha sido motivo de controversia en la literatura especializada. En ocasiones se ha considerado que estas personas son más proclives a un desajuste psicológico, mientras que otras veces los resultados han sido poco concluyentes. En el presente trabajo se ha estudiado el bienestar psicológico en personas de altas capacidades intelectuales, administrando la Escala de Bienestar Psicológico a 28 participantes de edades comprendidas entre los 22 y 34 años de edad. Fueron divididos en 2 grupos, uno de altas capacidades y otro de inteligencia estándar. El grupo de altas capacidades había sido identificado como tal 25 años atrás, cuando tenían una edad comprendida entre los 5 y 13 años, utilizando el modelo de los 3 anillos de Renzulli. Los resultados indicaron la inexistencia de diferencias significativas entre los participantes de altas capacidades e inteligencia estándar en las diferentes subescalas de bienestar personal, a excepción de la subescala de bienestar material.

Niche conservatism of Eulophia alta, a trans-Atlantic orchid species

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Marta Kolanowska

2014-03-01

Full Text Available The genus Eulophia embraces over 230 species distributed through the tropical and subtropical Africa, Asia, Australia and the Americas. In Neotropics it is represented by a sole species – E. alta. The aim of the presented study was to evaluate the difference between ecological niches occupied by American and African populations of this species based on the ecological niche modeling. The similarity between the glacial and present niches occupied by E. alta was calculated and the factors limiting the species occurrence were identified. Areas of seasonal tropical forest, tropical savanna and woodland served as refugia for the studied species during last glacial maximum and they were more widespread in Neotropics than in Africa. No significant niche shift after last glacial maximum was observed. The distribution of E. alta in its whole range is restricted mainly by temperature seasonality. The differences in the niches occupied by African and Neotropical populations of E. alta suggest preglacial disjunction of the species range and independent adaptation of both groups. Despite the significant range disjunction of E. alta the species is characterized by relatively high degree of niche conservatism.

Cócs. Hallmark of the Terra Alta

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Maria Del Loreto Meix

2004-04-01

Full Text Available This article looks at the traditional cake making in the Terra Alta (Catalonien area linked to festivities, and in particular the pastries usually made. In this area the pastries are known as cócs, a word common to Terra Alta and the neighbouring districts of Ribera d'Ebre and the Priorat. Locally produced mistelle, sweet or rancid wine is served with the pastries. Nowadays, the bakeries and cake makers in the area's towns and villages also produce traditionally crafted products, that used only to be homemade.The article, resulting from the final degree project produced by the author for her Humanities degree at the UOC, offers a privileged look at the richness of the Terra Alta in terms of its gastronomic history, customs and its high regard for its cakes. The author, who has previous experience in the field, places the specific aspects of Terra Alta cake making in the context of the Mediterranean cultures with common roots dating back to the ancient and medieval worlds and which still have an easily identifiable "family feel", whilst looking, from an ethnographic point of view, at what she calls the "world of wheat" in the area, (the dough for bread, the craft of the baker, the ovens and other tools, and the associated traditions, among other things. In short, she rescues a living part of the local day-to-day activities and places it under the microscope of food history, whilst providing information that may well be of interest for study from other points of view.

Investigación en materiales sometidos a altas presiones

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Juan Carlos Fallas

2010-10-01

Full Text Available El estudio de materiales sometidos a altas presiones es un tema de profundo interés en el campo científico e ingenieril actual. Diferentes análisis experimentales permiten descubrir los efectos que esta condición genera en la estructura molecular de un determinado compuesto.La implementación de la celda de diamante para altas presiones ha revolucionado este tema en las últimas décadas, al ser una herramienta vital en el desarrollo de estas pruebas. Presiones superiores, inclusive a los 20 Gpa, pueden ser generadas con este artefacto.Adicionalmente, la posibilidad de caracterizar muestras bajo estos parámetros y la inclusión de otras variables, como altas temperaturas, ofrecen un ambiente propicio para la evaluación de materiales bajo condiciones extremas.Este artículo explica los fundamentos básicos de la ciencia de materiales a altas presiones. Aspectos relevantes acerca de la celda de diamante y de la ejecución de experimentos son tratados en diferentes apartados. Se quiere compartir los alcances que esta disciplina posee, así como diferentes resultados que se han logrado en varias aplicaciones.Investigaciones en materiales para el almacenamiento de hidrógeno y energía, así como la simulación de condiciones presentes a muy altas profundidades en la Tierra, son casos que se tomaron en cuenta para ejemplificar áreas donde existen aplicaciones sustanciales.

Tuberculosis control program in the municipal context: performance evaluation.

Science.gov (United States)

Arakawa, Tiemi; Magnabosco, Gabriela Tavares; Andrade, Rubia Laine de Paula; Brunello, Maria Eugenia Firmino; Monroe, Aline Aparecida; Ruffino-Netto, Antonio; Scatena, Lucia Marina; Villa, Tereza Cristina Scatena

2017-03-30

structural and managerial capacity of municipalities in the implementation of the Tuberculosis Control Program. Avaliar o desempenho do Programa de Controle da Tuberculose em municípios paulistas. Pesquisa de avaliação de serviços, com delineamento ecológico, utilizando três agrupamentos não hierárquicos de municípios paulistas de acordo com seu desempenho em relação a indicadores operacionais. Foram selecionadas 195 cidades com no mínimo cinco casos novos de tuberculose notificados no Sistema de Notificação do Estado de São Paulo e 20.000 habitantes ou mais em 2010. A análise de correspondência múltipla foi utilizada para a identificação da associação entre os grupos de distintos desempenhos e as características epidemiológicas, demográficas e de sistemas de saúde dos municípios. O grupo de pior desempenho apresentou as taxas mais elevadas de abandono (média [md] = 10,4; desvio padrão [dp] = 9,4) e as menores proporções de efetivação de Tratamento Diretamente Observado (md = 6,1; dp = 12,9) e esteve associado à baixa incidência de tuberculose, alta confecção tuberculose e HIV, pequeno porte populacional, alta cobertura de Estratégia Saúde da Família/Programa de Agentes Comunitários em Saúde e localização no interior. O grupo de melhor desempenho apresentou a maior taxa de cura (md = 83,7; dp = 10,5) e a maior proporção de casos em Tratamento Diretamente Observado (md = 83,0; dp = 12,7); enquanto o grupo de desempenho regular mostrou resultados regulares de desfecho (cura: md = 79,8; dp = 13,2; abandono: md = 9,5; dp = 8,3) e de efetivação do Tratamento Diretamente Observado (md = 42,8; dp = 18,8). Grande porte populacional, baixa cobertura de Estratégia Saúde da Família/Programa de Agentes Comunitários em Saúde, alta incidência de tuberculose e aids, e localização no litoral e em áreas metropolitanas estiveram associados com esses grupos. Os achados destacam a importância do Tratamento Diretamente Observado em rela

O pacto pela saúde e o fundo municipal de saúde de Várzea Paulista Health pact and the municipal health fund of Várzea Paulista

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Luís Fernando Nogueira Tofani

2009-03-01

Full Text Available A reestruturação do Fundo Municipal de Saúde de Várzea Paulista teve como objetivos: reorganizar o orçamento municipal de acordo com o Pacto pela Saúde, integrar ações do planejamento e gestão orçamentário-financeira, atualizar a legislação municipal e implantar sistema de monitoramento. Inicialmente foi preenchido o Termo do Limite Financeiro do Município, dividindo os recursos para custeio em 2006 por cinco blocos: Gestão, Atenção Básica, Média e Alta Complexidade, Assistência Farmacêutica e Vigilância em Saúde. Esse cálculo permitiu o planejamento do orçamento para 2007, subdividindo-se cada bloco em cinco itens de despesa (pessoal, obras, serviços de terceiros, material de consumo e permanente acrescentando-se projetos novos. Foi aprovada lei que alterou o Plano Plurianual (PPA, compatibilizando-o com a Lei Orçamentária Anual para 2007, instituindo cinco planos de trabalho com as respectivas dotações para os itens de despesa, subsidiando a elaboração da Programação Anual para 2007. Em setembro de 2007, já com o acompanhamento financeiro-orçamentário em andamento, elaborou-se a partir de um processo de Planejamento Ascendente a proposta de prioridades para 2008 que, revertidas em necessidades financeiras, transformou-se em proposta orçamentária e converteu-se na Lei Orçamentária 2008. A reorganização do Fundo Municipal de Saúde de Várzea Paulista em cinco blocos de financiamento tem propiciado uma maior interface entre o planejamento e a gestão, com previsão, programação, monitoramento e execução orçamentário-financeira condizentes com as diretrizes e metas estabelecidas no Plano Municipal de Saúde e nas Programações Anuais.The restructuring of the Municipal Health Fund of Várzea Paulista aimed to reorganize the municipal budget according to the Health Pact, to integrate planning and financial management, to modernize the municipal law and to implement a monitoring system. First, the

Designing a Municipality

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Jungersen, Ulrik; Hansen, Poul H. Kyvsgård

2014-01-01

Can a municipality be designed? The municipality Kolding in the southern part of Denmark asked this question. The idea emerged as a response to a recognized need for new ways of branding and developing the municipality. It is an ongoing process that was kicked off in 2012 and this paper is theref......Can a municipality be designed? The municipality Kolding in the southern part of Denmark asked this question. The idea emerged as a response to a recognized need for new ways of branding and developing the municipality. It is an ongoing process that was kicked off in 2012 and this paper...... is therefore focusing primarily on the process of changing the perception of how to organize development in a municipality. The most important elements in transforming the whole development setup are described. Finally, a short case describing one of the significant results is included....

Municipal Bonds in Developing Countries. Case Study: Municipality of Stip, Republic of Macedonia

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Marija GOGOVA SAMONIKOV

2017-06-01

Full Text Available The developing countries, especially in the Balkans, barely use the municipal bonds as an alternative way of financing their activities. This paper is part of the project “The municipal bonds as an alternative source of financing municipals activities and the effective management of funds, with a special emphasis to the Municipality of Stip, R. Macedonia”. The paper has an important impact, according to both academic and practical perspective. It combines the experts’ academic analysis with the municipals potential in order to facilitate a successful municipal bond emission that would support the local economic growth. The purpose of this paper is to investigate the ability and willingness of the Municipality of Stip to issue municipal bonds. The main hypothesis states that the Municipality of Stip is able to issue a municipal bond as an alternative way of financing its investment activities. The research includes the classical SWOT analysis regarding the Municipality of Stip and continues with a statistical analysis based on correlation and regression relationships within the accounts of the Municipality’s annual reports. The methodological framework is based on quantitative research methods (correlations and regression methods which result in acceptance of the main hypothesis in the paper - the municipal bonds as an alternative source for funding municipal’s activities are justified, especially if the funds are associated with a specific revenue-generating project. The findings would serve as a basis for the municipal bonds prospect, which would be the ultimate goal of combining the academic knowledge with the practical potential of the Municipality of Stip. The conclusions reveal that this would be the first municipal bond emission in the Republic of Macedonia. However, this fact can serve as an advantage in the market in terms of introducing financial instrument innovation. This paper suggests that the usage of municipal bonds is

Los profesores de alumnos con altas habilidades

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Cándido GENOVARD

2010-01-01

Full Text Available En este trabajo analizamos las características de los profesores expertos para alumnos de altas habilidades. Se analizan los antecedentes del tema y el proceso instruccional para atender la diversidad de estos alumnos. Se destaca el valor de las interacciones entre profesor¿ alumnos y los estilos de enseñar y aprender. Asimismo, recogemos pautas de acción y recursos instruccionales a utilizar en el aula para la enseñanza de estos alumnos. No hay un profesor ideal para los alumnos con altas habilidades, pero los docentes deben conocer qué son y cómo funcionan los procesos de enseñanza¿aprendizaje y las variables psicológicas, de contenidos y contextuales implicadas en éstos.

Alberto: um professor do ensino regular e seu ‘algo mais’ para atender alunos com altas habilidades/superdotação

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Susana Graciela Pérez Barrera Pérez

2012-03-01

Full Text Available A discussão que apresentaremos neste artigo partiu dos dados da pesquisa de Pérez (2004 realizada com alunos com altas habilidades/Superdotação (AH/SD, nas sétimas séries e nas turmas C-20 (equivalentes à faixa etária correspondente à sétima série em duas escolas públicas (uma estadual e uma municipal de um bairro da cidade de Porto Alegre (RS no qual se concentra uma população de classes populares. Analisa as características apontadas pelos alunos nos questionários, entrevistas, observações e conversas informais da própria pesquisa e identificadas no professor, na entrevista realizada com ele, em conversas informais e observações diretas em sua sala de aula. Faz as correspondentes interlocuções com teóricos e pesquisadores da área de AH/SD, evidenciando que, além da capacitação específica, necessária para identificar e enriquecer o atendimento a estes alunos, são fundamentais alguns atributos que deveriam estar presentes em qualquer Educador e que são o diferencial que permite imaginar que o respeito e atendimento à diversidade – a inclusão – são possíveis.Palavras-chave: Altas Habilidades. Superdotação. Inclusão.

Percepción socioemocional de los profesores en adolescentes con altas habilidades versus habilidades medias

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Mari Carmen FERNÁNDEZ

2011-01-01

Full Text Available El objetivo de este trabajo es estudiar la percepción que los profesores tienen sobre las competencias socioemocionales de sus alumnos adolescentes, según la excepcionalidad (alta habilidad vs. no alta habilidad y el género. La muestra estuvo compuesta por 443 profesores pertenecientes a 55 centros de Educación Secundaria Obligatoria de la Región de Murcia. El instrumento utilizado fue el EQ-i, YV-O dirigido a profesores (BAR-ON & PARKER, en prensa. Los resultados indicaron, según la excepcionalidad de los alumnos (alta habilidad vs. no alta habilidad, que los profesores percibieron al grupo de alumnos de alta habilidad más adaptados, con mayor estado de ánimo y con mayores habilidades interpersonales. Respecto al género, los profesores valoraron con mayor manejo del estrés a los chicos. Además, según la excepcionalidad (alta habilidad vs. no alta habilidad y el género, los datos mostraron diferencias estadísticamente significativas para las dimensiones adaptabilidad, estado de ánimo e intrapersonal.

Communal Cattle in Mixteca Alta: From Colonial Times to the Twentieth Century. The Case of Tepelmeme

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Edgar Mendoza García

2002-04-01

Full Text Available This is an analysis of the political  and economic factors than allowed the keeping of a herd of goats as communal property from the  república de indios of the colonial period until municipal administrations at the beginning of the twentieth century  in the region called the Mixteca Alta. The case of Tepelmeme, Oaxaca, is the basis of an account of the economic importance of communal property in the local governments of villages and  municipios, as well of the opposition of villages to liberal laws of the nineteenth century. In short, during the colonial period and part of the nineteenth century,  communal property was the main economic support of Indian villages. Not only was this property equivalent to communal  savings kept  for  critical  moments, but  also  an  economic means  that  allowed financing public  administration and  paying for religious services. Moreover, it was a factor that gave cohesion to these villages and inserted them into a regional economy.

Alta Capital investeerib miljardeid kroone / Raigo Neudorf

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

Neudorf, Raigo

2006-01-01

Investeerimisfirma Alta Capital nõukogu esimees Indrek Rahumaa annab ülevaate sellest, kuidas ettevõte on lühikese ajaga suutnud omandada osaluse mitmetes ettevõtetes ning suunanud neisse investeeringuid 150 miljoni euro väärtuses. Vt. samas: Osalused; Omanikud

Bienestar psicológico en personas con alta capacidad intelectual

OpenAIRE

Ramiro Olivier, Pedro; Navarro Guzmán, José I.; Menacho Jiménez, Inmaculada; López Sinoga, M. Mar; García Sedeño, Manuel A.

2016-01-01

El bienestar psicológico en las personas de alta capacidad intelectual ha sido motivo de controversia en la literatura especializada. En ocasiones se ha considerado que estas personas son más proclives a un desajuste psicológico, mientras que otras veces los resultados han sido poco concluyentes. En el presente trabajo se ha estudiado el bienestar psicológico en personas de altas capacidades intelectuales, administrando la Escala de Bienestar Psicológico a 28 participantes de edades comprendi...

Municipal consultation key to understanding haul road maintenance agreements for Saskatchewan rural municipalities

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Leibel, R.E.A.

1998-01-01

Current municipal perspectives regarding the oil and gas industry in Saskatchewan were described. Municipal jurisdiction and authority regarding road development and heavy haul road maintenance agreements were defined. Based on actual work experience, collaborative working relationships between the oil and gas industry and the municipal sector is well worth some industry time and effort since it will result in cost savings for the industry. In general, rural municipalities receive very limited tax benefits to recapture the costs of road reconstruction and maintenance caused by heavy industry traffic. Road servicing costs can be recaptured only if companies respect the weight limits, hauling regulations and road bans. On the whole, municipalities in Saskatchewan are favourably disposed towards the oil and gas industry, and have done well in the past to accommodate industry's needs. It is not unreasonable therefore to expect that industry show sensitivity to the impact of its activities on the local municipality, and does its level best to be on good terms with the municipalities through early two-way communication. Text of some relevant acts of the Legislature respecting the powers and authorities of rural municipalities are appended

TransForm: TransAlta 2000 annual report

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

2001-01-01

Financial information from TransAlta Corp. was presented along with a review of their operations throughout 2000 and a summary of the how the electric utility is doing in terms of power generation, independent power producers, transmission and energy marketing. The utility has changed from a regulated vertically integrated utility into one of Canada's largest non-regulated electric power generators. The utility sold its retail businesses in Alberta and New Zealand and now focuses on coal and hydro generation, gas generation, high-voltage transmission and energy marketing. The newly constructed Centralia, Washington generation facility was brought on line with 1,340 MW in May 2000, on time and on budget. This was the platform to diversify their generation into the United States. The utility reported a solid financial year with $177.9 million in earnings from continuing operations, an 83 per cent increase from 1999, driven mostly by the results of Centralia and power marketing and trading businesses. A financial loss was suffered when the Wabamum power plant in Alberta was shut down for several months to repair a boiler. The utility made excellent progress toward their goal of 15,000 megawatts by 2005 by starting with the construction of what will be one of Canada's largest cogeneration facilities at Sarnia, Ontario. TransAlta also commissioned a 360 MW cogeneration facility at Poplar Creek at Suncor's Fort McMurray oil sand facility. TransAlta also has an excellent track record in developing power generation projects internationally. refs., tabs., figs

Alta Capital venitab Kruudale tasumisega / Sten-Aleks Pihlak

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

Pihlak, Sten-Aleks

2008-01-01

Alta Capital Partnersid pole veel maksnud Oliver Kruudale 2007. aasta septembris müüdud Tere ja Kalevi eest. Vt. samas: Rahasaamise venimine on lükanud Kalevi viimastel kuudel laenurallile. Kommenteerib Aivar Häelm

American visceral leishmaniasis: disease control strategies in dracen microregion in alta paulista, SP, Brazil

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LAZ D'Andrea

2009-01-01

Full Text Available Despite measures adopted to control American visceral leishmaniasis (AVL, the disease is spreading in a fast and worrying way throughout western São Paulo state. The aim of this work was to study the variables involved in the disease cycle as well as the effectiveness of controlling measures. The study was carried out in the microregion of Dracena, which is composed of twelve cities and belongs to Alta Paulista, a region of western São Paulo. The necessary data were provided by the Superintendence for Endemic Disease Control and Adolfo Lutz Institute, Regional Laboratory of Presidente Prudente. From August 2005 to January 2008, the following factors were observed: detection of phlebotomine sandflies in the cities and periods in which dogs or humans were diagnosed; number of human deaths; prevalence of suspected dogs tested by serology; percentage of euthanasia in suspected dogs; a possible correlation between positive dogs and cases of the disease in humans; and the disease prevalence among municipalities from the studied region. It was verified that, despite the strategies adopted in Dracena microregion to control AVL, the disease continues to rise. Thus, some procedures of the AVL Monitoring and Control Program should be reviewed, to grant the initiative more credibility and effectiveness.

Pilot-Scale Demonstration of ALTA for NOx Control in Pulverized Coal-Fired Boilers

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Andrew Fry; Devin Davis; Marc Cremer; Bradley Adams

2008-04-30

This report describes computational fluid dynamics (CFD) modeling and pilot-scale testing conducted to demonstrate the ability of the Advanced Layered Technology Approach (ALTA) to reduce NO{sub x} emissions in a pulverized coal (PC) boiler. Testing specifically focused on characterizing NO{sub x} behavior with deep burner staging combined with Rich Reagent Injection (RRI). Tests were performed in a 4 MBtu/hr pilot-scale furnace at the University of Utah. Reaction Engineering International (REI) led the project team which included the University of Utah and Combustion Components Associates (CCA). Deep burner staging and RRI, combined with selective non-catalytic reduction (SNCR), make up the Advanced Layered Technology Approach (ALTA) for NO{sub x} reduction. The application of ALTA in a PC environment requires homogenization and rapid reaction of post-burner combustion gases and has not been successfully demonstrated in the past. Operation of the existing low-NO{sub x} burner and design and operation of an application specific ALTA burner was guided by CFD modeling conducted by REI. Parametric pilot-scale testing proved the chemistry of RRI in a PC environment with a NOx reduction of 79% at long residence times and high baseline NOx rate. At representative particle residence times, typical operation of the dual-register low-NO{sub x} burner provided an environment that was unsuitable for NO{sub x} reduction by RRI, showing no NOx reduction. With RRI, the ALTA burner was able to produce NO{sub x} emissions 20% lower than the low-NO{sub x} burner, 76 ppmv vs. 94 ppmv, at a burner stoichiometric ratio (BSR) of 0.7 and a normalized stoichiometric ratio (NSR) of 2.0. CFD modeling was used to investigate the application of RRI for NO{sub x} control on a 180 MW{sub e} wall-fired, PC boiler. A NO{sub x} reduction of 37% from baseline (normal operation) was predicted using ALTA burners with RRI to produce a NO{sub x} emission rate of 0.185 lb/MBtu at the horizontal nose of

Respostas lactacidêmicas de ratos ao treinamento intermitente de alta intensidade

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Ana Carolina Panveloski-Costa

2012-04-01

Full Text Available Durante contrações musculares de alta intensidade intervaladas por curtos períodos de tempo há importante participação do metabolismo glicolítico e, consequentemente, aumento das concentrações de lactato sanguíneo. O objetivo do estudo foi avaliar as respostas lactacidêmicas agudas e crônicas de ratos Wistar submetidos a um treinamento intermitente de alta intensidade (salto tipo jump squat de três sessões semanais, a cada 24h, três séries de 12 repetições com intervalos de 60s entre cada uma. Houve aumento das concentrações de lactato sanguíneo durante a sessão aguda do treinamento (lactacidemia basal vs. lactacidemia após último esforço, P < 0,001. Contrariamente, após seis semanas de treinamento, ocorreu redução de 49% na resposta lactacidêmica ao exercício em relação à primeira sessão, P = 0,0002. O exercício intermitente de alta intensidade intervalado favorece a participação do sistema glicolítico; no entanto, o treinamento intermitente de alta intensidade promove redução das respostas lactacidêmicas, sugerindo melhora da capacidade de ressíntese de fosfocreatina e da biogênese mitocondrial.

Esco in Danish municipalities

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Jensen, Jesper Ole; Hansen, Jesper Rohr; Nielsen, Susanne Balslev

2012-01-01

Purpose: The aim of this paper is to discuss the possible benefits of involving Energy Service Companies (ESCO) in realising energy savings in municipalities, and how ESCO projects can be formulated very differently in the various municipalities, according to building volume, use of technologies......, energy savings, type of collaboration etc. Background: Since 2008, several Danish municipalities have started energy retrofitting of municipal buildings, based on contracts with Energy Service Companies. In spite of the strong growth of ESCOs, there is also widespread scepticism about ESCO, as many...... approaches are being used in Danish municipalities, which we label the basic, the integrated and the strategic ESCO approaches. The three approaches include different ambitions, technologies, economies and innovation potentials. Whereas the basic approach implies a ‘traditional’ guarantee-based model...

Adaptive municipal electronic forms

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Kuiper, Pieternel; van Dijk, Elisabeth M.A.G.; Bondarouk, Tatiana; Ruel, Hubertus Johannes Maria; Guiderdoni-Jourdain, Karine; Oiry, Ewan

Adaptation of electronic forms (e-forms) seems to be a step forward to reduce the burden for people who fill in forms. Municipalities more and more offer e-forms online that can be used by citizens to request a municipal product or service or by municipal employees to place a request on behalf of a

Demographic survey of black howler monkey (Alouatta pigra) in the Lachuá Eco-region in Alta Verapaz, Guatemala.

Science.gov (United States)

Rosales-Meda, Marleny; Estrada, Alejandro; López, Jorge E

2008-03-01

Guatemala harbors three species of primates (Alouatta palliata, Alouatta pigra and Ateles geoffroyi), but the distribution and state of conservation of populations of these species are poorly documented. In the case of A. pigra, populations have been studied recently and documented in several sites in Mexico and Belize, and only in one site in Guatemala (Tikal National Park). In this study, we report first-time population data for A. pigra existing in the Lachuá Eco-region in northwestern Guatemala. Surveys were conducted between September 2002 and April 2003 in the northern portion (32 km2) of the Lachuá National Park (LLNP; 145 km2) and in a fragmented landscape north of the protected area. In this latter area we surveyed a large forest fragment (17.14 km2), "Nueve Cerros", and 26 small forest fragments that ranged in size from 0.01 to 3.9 km2. Surveys resulted in a total count of 414 howler monkeys of which 403 belonged to 80 mixed-sex groups, four were solitary males, two were solitary females and five were found in two male groups. Standardized sampling effort among sites indicated 16.7 monkeys/100 survey hours at LLNP, 35.8 individuals/100 survey hours at "Nueve Cerros" and 71.0+/-62.2 individuals/100 survey hours in the forest fragments. Mean group size varied from 4.07 individuals at LLNP to 5.19 individuals in the forest fragments. Conservation problems for the black howler population surveyed are discussed, along with possible conservation scenarios.

High intensity Discharge lighting; Alumbrado de alta intensidad de descarga

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Mendoza E, Ernesto J [Manufacturera de Reactores, S. A., Mexico, D. F. (Mexico)

1994-12-31

This paper gets into contact with some fundamentals in the operation of high discharge intensity lamps. There are useful definitions, as well as the study of the operation of high pressure sodium lamps and of metallic additives operating at less than nominal power. [Espanol] Este trabajo pone al lector en contacto con algunos fundamentos de la operacion de las lamparas de alta intensidad de descarga (HID). Se encuentra con definiciones utiles, asi como el estudio de la operacion de las lamparas de sodio en alta presion y de aditivos metalicos operando a una potencia menor que la nominal.

High intensity Discharge lighting; Alumbrado de alta intensidad de descarga

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Mendoza E, Ernesto J. [Manufacturera de Reactores, S. A., Mexico, D. F. (Mexico)

1993-12-31

This paper gets into contact with some fundamentals in the operation of high discharge intensity lamps. There are useful definitions, as well as the study of the operation of high pressure sodium lamps and of metallic additives operating at less than nominal power. [Espanol] Este trabajo pone al lector en contacto con algunos fundamentos de la operacion de las lamparas de alta intensidad de descarga (HID). Se encuentra con definiciones utiles, asi como el estudio de la operacion de las lamparas de sodio en alta presion y de aditivos metalicos operando a una potencia menor que la nominal.

Resource Prospects of Municipal Solid Wastes Generatedin the Ga East Municipal Assembly of Ghana

OpenAIRE

Benedicta Abiti; Susanne Hartard; Heike B. Bradl; Davar Pishva; John Kojo Ahiakpa

2017-01-01

Background. Municipal solid wastes management has recently become an important public health concern. Municipal solid wastes are a major source of raw materials that could be used for resource recovery for diverse applications. Objectives. The present study aimed to determine the composition of municipal solid waste and recoverable resources from the waste of the Ga East Municipal Assembly (GEMA) in the Greater Accra region of Ghana. Methods. An exploratory approach was used to collect ...

Waste Sites - Municipal Waste Operations

Data.gov (United States)

NSGIC Education | GIS Inventory — A Municipal Waste Operation is a DEP primary facility type related to the Waste Management Municipal Waste Program. The sub-facility types related to Municipal Waste...

Diffusione molecolare neLl' alta atmosfera

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C. ARDUINI

1963-06-01

Full Text Available Le perturbazioni indotte nell'alta atmosfera dall'emissione,
a mezzo di razzi sonda, di nubi di vapori estranei sono un utile
mezzo per lo studio simultaneo di alcune caratteristiche fisiche e dinamiche
degli alti strati.
La presente relazione illustra in breve i principi di alcune tecniche
per la misura del coefficiente di diffusione binaria tra l'aria e il vapore
della nube artificiale.

Un modelo educativo de adaptación curricular en alumnos de altas capacidades

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Celestino RODRÍGUEZ

2010-01-01

Full Text Available En base a la legislación educativa española vigente, las altas capacidades se incluyen en el marco de las necesidades educativas específicas de apoyo educativo. En el presente estudio ejemplificamos una propuesta de adaptación curricular individual para alumnos con altas capacidades, que pretende promover el desarrollo equilibrado de los objetivos de aprendizaje propuestos en su programación de aula. Todo ello, a través de una descripción por pasos del proceso, partiendo de una evaluación previa de las altas capacidades, una planificación de la intervención educativa, una propuesta educativa concreta (ejemplificada en el área de Lengua castellana y el desarrollo de programas complementarios.

Models of municipal solid waste generation and collection costs applicable to all municipalities in Thailand

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Chira Bureecam

2015-08-01

Full Text Available The aim of this paper is to identify and measure the variables which influence municipal solid waste (MSW generation and collection costs in Thai municipality. The empirical analysis is based on the information derived from a survey conducted in a sample size of 570 municipalities across the country. The results from the MSW generation model indicate that the population density, the household size and the size of municipality are the significant determinant of waste generation. Meanwhile, with regards to the MSW collection cost model, the results showed some existence of positive in the volume of MSW collected, population density, the distance between the center of municipality to the disposal site the hazardous sorting and the size of municipality whereas, there were no evidence of the frequency of collection and the ratio of recycled material to waste generation on cost.

Análisis de vulnerabilidad ambiental de la cuenca alta del río San Pedro, estado Miranda, Venezuela

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Haideé Coromoto Marín

2017-12-01

Full Text Available Se caracterizó la vulnerabilidad ambiental por inundación y desplazamiento en comunidades asentadas en la Cuenca alta del río San Pedro, municipio Guaicaipuro, estado Miranda; Venezuela usando SIG. El área de estudio se dividió en dos zonas, una ligeramente intervenida (A y otra fuertemente intervenida (B, para obtener los mapas temáticos usados como indicadores, los cuales se estandarizaron mediante la técnica de re-clasificación asignándoles valores numéricos en una escala del 1 al 5. Los resultados muestran que la vulnerabilidad por inundación en la subcuenca siguió la siguiente tendencia: clase media (3 33.75% > clase Baja (2 31.91% > clase muy Baja (1 26.86% > clase Alta (4 6.12% > clase muy alta (5 1.37%, no obstante las clases alta y muy alta se corresponde con comunidades cercanas al río, caracterizadas por la presencia de desarrollos urbanos, alta actividad agrícola, sugiriendo un alto riesgo por inundación. La distribución espacial de la vulnerabilidad por desplazamiento sugiere que predomina la clase media (3 y baja (2, las cuales representan el 50.58% y 36.25% respectivamente, mientras que el resto de las clase como alta (4, muy baja (1 y muy alta (5 mostraron porcentajes de 9.37, 3.29 y 0.41 respectivamente. Las clases de vulnerabilidad alta y muy alta están localizadas en el área de mayor intervención (Zona B, con un patrón muy irregular asociado a suelos con altas pendientes (>30% y manejo de suelo con cultivos pocos protectores como las hortalizas, favoreciendo procesos de degradación e incidiendo en la sustentabilidad de la zona. Los resultados obtenidos han servido para discriminar cuales comunidades son más vulnerables y establecer prioridades en cuanto a la intervención para minimizar los impactos ambientales.

Esco in Danish municipalities

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Jensen, Jesper Ole; Hansen, Jesper Rohr; Nielsen, Susanne Balslev

2011-01-01

Purpose: The aim of this paper is to discuss the possible benefits of involving Energy Service Companies (ESCO) in realising energy savings in municipalities, and how ESCO projects can be formulated very differently in the various municipalities, according to building volume, use of technologies...... municipalities see an in-house approach as a better alternative. Approach (Theory/Methodology): Our research is based on literature studies and on qualitative interviews with Danish municipalities carrying out ESCO projects, as well as with ESCO providers. Results: Our studies suggest that different ESCO......, with relatively few buildings, energy retrofitting and low investments, the integrative and strategic approach include a higher degree of partnership, a more ambitious building renovation approach, and more innovative understandings of facilities management. We also compare ESCO with energy retrofitting as an in...

Allegheny County Municipal Boundaries

Data.gov (United States)

Allegheny County / City of Pittsburgh / Western PA Regional Data Center — This dataset demarcates the municipal boundaries in Allegheny County. Data was created to portray the boundaries of the 130 Municipalities in Allegheny County the...

Evaluating the efficiency of municipalities in collecting and processing municipal solid waste: a shared input DEA-model.

Science.gov (United States)

Rogge, Nicky; De Jaeger, Simon

2012-10-01

This paper proposed an adjusted "shared-input" version of the popular efficiency measurement technique Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) that enables evaluating municipality waste collection and processing performances in settings in which one input (waste costs) is shared among treatment efforts of multiple municipal solid waste fractions. The main advantage of this version of DEA is that it not only provides an estimate of the municipalities overall cost efficiency but also estimates of the municipalities' cost efficiency in the treatment of the different fractions of municipal solid waste (MSW). To illustrate the practical usefulness of the shared input DEA-model, we apply the model to data on 293 municipalities in Flanders, Belgium, for the year 2008. Copyright © 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Digital Governance (in Romanian Municipalities. A Longitudinal Assessment of Municipal Web Sites in Romania

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Catalin Vrabie

2011-05-01

Full Text Available This article presents a comparative cross-country study in order to know the level of web services implementation at the municipality level (what are the public services that municipalities offer to their citizens using the electronic platforms. We’ve accessed each municipality web portal from Romania (103 in total and using a defined scale; and rated every one very strictly. Most of the elements used in this research are taken from previous studies, adapted afterwards to take in relevant values for my country. Although there are numerous Romanian initiatives of connecting to the Internet even smaller communities, like small towns or even communes, we have chosen the municipalities due to the positive relation between the number of inhabitants and the capacity to e-Government of the local public administration. All of the 103 Romanian municipalities have been analysed and the results obtained will be presented on each class (there are 5 different classes – e-doc, transparency, etc., but also by the final results.

USO DA INTERNET: DIFERENÇAS ENTRE CLASSE MÉDIA E ALTA

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Jorge Ferreira da Silva

2013-12-01

Full Text Available Este estudo busca propor e testar um modelo que explique o uso da internet pelos jovens e identificar possíveis diferenças neste uso entre jovens de classe média e alta. A motivação para a pesquisa partiu da observação dos novos hábitos de consumo originados do uso da internet por estes jovens, que consideram a tecnologia indispensável em suas vidas. Baseado na literatura, o modelo final envolveu os seguintes fatores: Barreiras Percebidas ao Acesso, Comunicação, Interatividade e Uso da Internet. As hipóteses de pesquisa foram testadas por meio de uma survey com 394 jovens, com a amostra sendo divida em dois grupos: jovens de classe média e jovens de classe alta. Os dados foram analisados por modelagem de equações estruturais multigrupo. Os resultados sugerem diferenças na utilização de internet entre jovens de classe média e alta, com somente a classe média sendo influenciada significativamente pela Interatividade e Comunicação percebidas.

Representative of the municipality

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Castellnou Barcelo, J.

2007-01-01

Full text of publication follows. The decommissioning of the Vandellos-I nuclear power plant was a big challenge for the host community of Vandellos i l'Hospitalet de l'Infant and the close-by region. Closing down of the facility resulted in a rise of unemployment and a decrease of municipal income. The public was concerned with three issues: safety, transparency and information about the decommissioning, and economic future. Therefore, from the very beginning, municipal governments entered into negotiations with ENRESA on socio-economic benefits, including local employment in dismantling activities, and other types of financial and non-financial compensation. The ADE business association, i.e. a network of business organisations was created that guided the allotment of work to local firms. To satisfy public demand, local municipalities focused on the triad of safety, dialogue and local development, considered the three 'pillars of trust'. A Municipal Monitoring Commission was created, made up of representatives of affected municipalities, the regional government, the ADE business association, trade unions, the local university, the NPP management and ENRESA to monitor the dismantling process and regularly inform the local public. Items that were handled by this Commission included: - Work process monitoring. - Workers. - Materials Control. - Conventional and radioactive or contaminated waste management. - Emanation waste management (liquid and gas) - Safety (training and accidents). - Surveillance (radiological and environmental: dust, noise). - Effects. - Fulfillment of agreed conditions. A number of communication tools and channels were used, e.g., public information meetings, an information centre, the municipal magazine, the municipal radio station, and meetings with representatives of the local press. Particularly innovative was the idea to ask academics from the University of Tarragona to help with 'translating' technical information into language that could

Hormigones de alta resistencia con nano-adiciones y fibras de acero

OpenAIRE

Alizo Mirabal, Manuel Arturo

2015-01-01

El presente Trabajo Fin de Máster consistió en determinar la influencia que pueden poseer las nano-adiciones de Sílice y Alúmina y fibras de acero en un Hormigón de Alta Resistencia. Partiendo de una dosificación de Hormigón de Alta Resistencia conocida, que contenía humo de Sílice (10%) y fibras de poliolefina (3kg/m3), se les procedió a sustituir por la incorporación de nano-adiciones de Sílice y Alúmina (7% y 3% respectivamente) y añadiendo fibras de acero en lugar de poliolefina. En el pr...

SISTEMAS DE PRODUÇÃO OLERÍCOLA COMERCIAL DO MUNICÍPIO MATO-GROSSENSE DE ALTA FLORESTA, BRASIL

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Jakeline Santos Santos Cochev

2014-12-01

Full Text Available Dentre os sistemas agrícolas desenvolvido no âmbito da agricultura familiar está a olericultura, sendo esta responsável pelo abastecimento dos mercados, pela geração de empregos e subsistência humana. Desse modo, objetivou-se caracterizar a atividade olerícola comercial do município de Alta Floresta/MT, dando enfoque ao perfil social e econômico dos agricultores familiares, com o intuito de evidenciar a geração de subsídios que contribuam para o planejamento e desenvolvimento da atividade em âmbito municipal. Para isso, foram utilizados os dados do Censo Agropecuário de 2006 do IBGE relativo às variáveis: mão de obra; número de estabelecimentos agropecuários; condição do produtor; grupo de atividades econômicas e produtos da olericultura; trabalho de campo para realização de entrevista, com aplicação de questionário quali-quantitativo para avaliação das características sociais e econômicas dos agricultores e georreferenciamento das sedes e da área produtiva das propriedades através do Sistema de Posicionamento Global-GPS. Assim, verificou-se a redução do número de pessoas por família e também a evasão dos jovens da área rural para a área urbana em busca de oportunidades de emprego e renda. Constatou-se ainda, que é maior o número de homens do que mulheres, entre os entrevistados. Além disso, as dificuldades enfrentadas pelos agricultores estão na falta de mão de obra e assistência técnica especializada. Portanto, concluiu-se que o desenvolvimento da olericultura comercial no município de Alta Floresta demanda de políticas públicas que apoiem este segmento da agricultura familiar.

Efectos del alta hospitalaria temprana en el periodo posparto en la Clínica del Prado, Medellín, Colombia

OpenAIRE

Cardona-Ospina, Arturo; Ordoñez-Molina, Jaime; Vásquez-Trespalacios, Elsa María; Universidad CES; Mestra-Palomino, Laureano; García-Posada, Raúl Alejandro

2014-01-01

Problema: evaluar el efecto del alta hospitalaria temprana en pacientes sanas. Objetivo: establecerel riesgo de complicaciones en pacientes obstétricas con alta temprana respecto a aquellasque egresan después de 24 horas. Métodos: cohorte prospectiva con seguimiento postparto.Resultados: 750 pacientes, edad promedio de 24,5 años y edad gestacional de 38,5 semanas.El porcentaje de consulta luego del alta fue 2,0 %. El efecto del alta hospitalaria tempranasobre la necesidad de consultar luego d...

Hemorragia digestiva alta no varicosa: comportamiento e índice de Rockall

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

John Karol Ramírez

Full Text Available Introducción: la hemorragia digestiva alta no varicosa es actualmente una emergencia quirúrgica de difícil manejo, hecho que motivó el conocer su comportamiento y, usando el índice de Rockall, el riesgo de los afectados de sufrir resultados adversos durante su evolución, aquellos de posible alta precoz y las causas que la impiden. Métodos: estudio descriptivo de corte transversal realizado en el Hospital General Docente "Ernesto Guevara de la Serna" con 182 pacientes atendidos entre 2009 y 2010. Resultados: los hombres fueron los más afectados (54,4 % y el grupo de 60-80 años tuvo el mayor número de casos. La úlcera gastroduodenal fue la primera causa (52,7 %. La melena se presentó como manifestación inicial en el 60,4 % de los pacientes. La hipertensión arterial fue la comorbilidad más frecuente (60,7 %. El 44,5 % de los pacientes necesitó transfusión sanguínea. La mortalidad fue del 8,2 %. La mayor parte de la muestra se ubicó en el grupo de riesgo intermedio de Rockall (40,1 %. Recibió alta precoz solo el 11,5 % de los pacientes, y la inestabilidad hemodinámica (38 % fue la mayor responsable de este bajo número. El Rockall tuvo sensibilidad del 98,3 %, especificidad del 56,9 %, valor predictivo positivo del 52,3 %, valor predictivo negativo del 98,6 % y una exactitud del 70,9 %. En los pacientes clasificados de bajo riesgo la única complicación fue la recidiva (1,4 %. Conclusiones: el alta precoz puede ser dada a pacientes con Rockall bajo, siempre que se preste especial atención a la estabilidad hemodinámica.

Procesos de automatización cognitiva en alumnado con altas capacidades intelectuales

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Juan Montero-Linares

2013-05-01

Full Text Available Proponemos desde el enfoque del procesamiento de la información, el estudio de características cognitivas que faciliten la identificación de las altas capacidades. A tal fin, elaboramos una tarea de habilidad de segmentación silábica que, a partir del modelo propuesto por Baddeley sobre la memoria de trabajo y la distinción entre procesos automáticos y controlados, nos permitiese comprobar las diferencias en cuanto a la capacidad de automatización de la información y si los indicadores propuestos en la misma, tenían suficiente poder clasificatorio o predictivo en la identificación de la alta capacidad intelectual. Participaron 480 niños y niñas de primero a cuarto de Educación Primaria. Se clasificaron, en función de su CI, en dos grupos: alumnado de altas capacidades y alumnado de capacidades medias. Se les administró una batería de pruebas entre las que se encontraba el test de habilidad de segmentación silábica, lo que permitió realizar su estandarización. Los resultados mostraron que los alumnos con CI superior a 130 fueron capaces de automatizar la segmentación de forma más eficiente que los de inteligencia media. La medición de los procesos automáticos a través del test de habilidad de segmentación silábica, permitió diferenciar a los participantes de altas capacidades de los que no lo eran.

Altas tecnologías, conflictos armados y seguridad humana

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Elena del Mar García Rico

2016-01-01

Full Text Available El examen de las amenazas para la seguridad y el bienestar de las personas inherentes al concepto de seguridad humana exige ocuparse también de las consecuencias que la utilización de las altas tecnologías puedan ocasionar en relación con los conflictos armados actuales. De ahí que en este trabajo abordemos los cambios relevantes en la naturaleza y características de los nuevos conflictos armados provocados por la celeridad y amplitud en el empleo de altas tecnologías y su desigual distribución entre los beligerantes, tal y como muestran las llamadas guerras de coste cero, de cuarta generación o asimétricas, e incluso las híbridas. Asimismo, el desarrollo reciente de las capacidades militares cibernéticas, de los sistemas de armas autónomos y de los vehículos aéreos no tripulados plantea nuevos retos al Derecho Internacional Humanitario, aspectos contemplados en este estudio.

Urban ecology and the municipal utilities

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Nielsen, Susanne Balslev

1998-01-01

Current management of municipal utilities for energy, water and solid waste is often in conflict with the ideas of ecological demonstrationprojects. The writer argue there is a need of transformation within municipal utilities and a need of new planning tools......Current management of municipal utilities for energy, water and solid waste is often in conflict with the ideas of ecological demonstrationprojects. The writer argue there is a need of transformation within municipal utilities and a need of new planning tools...

Municipal energy managers

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

2004-01-01

On 1 and 2 July, municipal energy managers from all over Europe met in Stuttgart, Germany. On these two days, more the 150 participants form 22 countries listened to presentations, took part in excursions to cutting-edge energy conservation projects in Stuttgart and, above all, participated in a broad array of workshops presented by experts firmly grounded in local practice. 27 experts drawn from 11 European countries showcased their projects and imparted their experience. The event has been accompanied by an exhibition of companies and service providers offering energy-conservation products and planning services. The first workshop dealt with energy management in Europe and examples from different active municipalities; the second one with energy management in Germany and best practice in the leading cities; the third one with non-municipal and European projects. (A.L.B.)

Evaluating the efficiency of municipalities in collecting and processing municipal solid waste: A shared input DEA-model

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Rogge, Nicky; De Jaeger, Simon

2012-01-01

Highlights: ► Complexity in local waste management calls for more in depth efficiency analysis. ► Shared-input Data Envelopment Analysis can provide solution. ► Considerable room for the Flemish municipalities to improve their cost efficiency. - Abstract: This paper proposed an adjusted “shared-input” version of the popular efficiency measurement technique Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) that enables evaluating municipality waste collection and processing performances in settings in which one input (waste costs) is shared among treatment efforts of multiple municipal solid waste fractions. The main advantage of this version of DEA is that it not only provides an estimate of the municipalities overall cost efficiency but also estimates of the municipalities’ cost efficiency in the treatment of the different fractions of municipal solid waste (MSW). To illustrate the practical usefulness of the shared input DEA-model, we apply the model to data on 293 municipalities in Flanders, Belgium, for the year 2008.

Innovation Management in Swedish Municipalities

OpenAIRE

Wihlman, Thomas; Hoppe, Magnus; Wihlman, Ulla; Sandmark, Hélène

2016-01-01

Research on public sector innovation is still limited, and increased knowledge of innovation processes is needed. This article is a based on a study of the implementation of innovation policies in Swedish municipalities, and gives a first-hand, empirical view of some of the complexities of innovation in the public sector. The study took place in four municipalities in central Sweden. The municipalities varied in size and organisational forms. Interviews and policy documents were used for data...

Adaptive Municipal e-forms

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Kuiper, P.M.; van Dijk, Elisabeth M.A.G.; Boerma, A.K.; Weibelzahl, S.; Cristea, A.

2006-01-01

Adaptation of electronic forms seems to be a step forward to reduce the burden for people who fill in forms. Municipalities more and more offer eforms online that can be used to request a municipal product or service. To create adaptive e-forms that satisfy the need of end-users, involvement of

Vivenciando o conjunto de circunstâncias que influenciam na significação da alta hospitalar: estudo de enfermagem Vivencia del conjunto de circunstancias que inciden en la importancia del alta hospitalaria: estudio de enfermería Experiencing the set of circumstances that influence the significance of hospital discharge: nursing study

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Raquel Silva de Paiva

2013-06-01

Full Text Available A presente discussão é parte integrante da dissertação de mestrado intitulada: "Ressignificando a alta hospitalar e percebendo-se como o cuidador familiar: um estudo de enfermagem", vinculada à Escola de Enfermagem Anna Nery. Teve como objeto o significado da alta hospitalar para a família do cliente com sequelas do acidente vascular cerebral. O objetivo traçado para esta discussão foi: discutir o contexto vivido pelo cuidador familiar, considerando o duelo de sentimentos, de manifestações, de atitudes e de práticas. Foram adotados o referencial teórico do Interacionismo e o método Teoria Fundamentada nos Dados. O estudo foi realizado em um hospital público municipal. Os atores sociais foram cuidadores familiares de vítimas de um acidente vascular. A partir da análise das categorias, o fenômeno revela o entendimento do conjunto de circunstâncias que acompanham o acontecimento e que, ao se articularem, interferem no significado que os familiares concedem à alta hospitalar.Este debate forma parte de la tesis titulada: "Nuevo significado del alta hospitalaria y percepción de si propio como el cuidador familiar: un estudio de enfermería", vinculado a la Escuela de Enfermería Anna Nery. Tenía por objeto el significado del hospital para la familia del cliente con secuelas de ictus. El objetivo fijado para esta discusión fue: analizar el contexto vivido por los cuidadores de la familia teniendo en cuenta los sentimientos de duelo, expresiones, actitudes y prácticas. El enfoque teórico fue el Interaccionismo. Fue adoptado el método Grounded Theory. El estudio se realizó en una sala pública. Los participantes eran cuidadores familiares de las víctimas de un accidente cerebrovascular. A partir del análisis de las categorías, el fenómeno revela una comprensión del conjunto de circunstancias que rodean el caso y que, para articularse, interfieren con el significado de que miembros de la familia conceden a alta hospitalaria

Modelo dinámico para lámparas de descarga de alta intensidad en alta frecuencia; Dynamic model for high intensity discharge lamps in high frequency

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Leonardo Cedeño Rodríguez

2015-04-01

Full Text Available En este trabajo se desarrolla el modelado dinámico de lámparas de descarga de alta intensidad (HID en inglés, de manera que pueda contribuir al desarrollo posterior de un sistema de control avanzado sobre la etapa de potencia de un balasto electrónico, que permita operar este tipo de lámparas en alta frecuencia. El modelo tiene en cuenta la presencia del fenómeno de la resonancia acústica (RA, que usualmente se presenta en las lámparas HID a frecuencias elevadas. Para el modelado se emplean técnicas híbridas, teniendo como punto de partida las ecuaciones de balance de energía en el interior de la lámpara, en tanto para la parametrización, se aplica identificación de sistemas y optimización mediante algoritmos genéticos. La implementación del modelo se realiza con el software Matlab R2011a. Como resultado se obtiene un modelo dinámico para lámparas HID en alta frecuencia, validado para lámparas de alta presión de sodio.In this paper the dynamic modeling of high intensity discharge lamps (HID is developed. This will contribute to the further development of an advanced control system on the power stage of an electronic ballast, which allows these lamps operate at high frequency. The model must take into account the presence of the acoustic resonance’s phenomenon (AR, which usually occurs when HID lamps operates at high frequency. Hybrid modeling techniques were employed, the balance equations and the empirical expressions were obtained and the model was parameterized by identification techniques and optimization based on genetic algorithms. The implementation of the model has performed using Simulink tool of Matlab R2011a software. As a result, a dynamic model for HID lamps in high frequency has achieved and validated for high-pressure sodium lamps (HPS.

Ocorrência de Trypanosoma evansi em eqüinos no município de Cruz Alta, RS, Brasil Occurrence of Trypanosoma evansi in equines in Cruz Alta, RS, Brazil

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Régis Adriel Zanette

2008-08-01

Full Text Available O objetivo deste trabalho foi relatar a ocorrência de Trypanosoma evansi em eqüinos no município de Cruz Alta, Estado do Rio Grande do Sul, abordando aspectos epidemiológicos e sinais clínicos da infecção. A tripanosomose ocorreu em uma propriedade rural no município de Cruz Alta. Ao exame clínico, observou-se que quatro dos animais apresentavam marcha oscilante, com incoordenação dos membros posteriores. No entanto, eles estavam em bom estado nutricional, sem febre, bem hidratados e alimentavam-se normalmente. Foram coletadas amostras de sangue das éguas para hemograma, sendo identificado aumento das proteínas plasmáticas, leucocitose, eosinofilia e linfocitose em animais com sinais clínicos. No esfregaço sangüíneo periférico, observou-se a forma flagelada do T. evansi em três dos eqüinos.This study aimed at describing the occurrence of Trypanosoma evansi in equines from the city of Cruz Alta, RS, Brazil, relating epidemiological aspects and clinical signs of the infection. The tripanosomiasis occurred in a rural area of Cruz Alta, RS. Clinical signs presented by four animals were stiff and incoordinated gait of the pelvic members, although they were in good nutritional status, without fever, well-hydrated and eating normally. Blood samples were collected from the mares for hemogram. Increased levels of plasmatic proteins, leukocytosis, eosinophilia, and limphocytosis were observed in animals with clinical signs. Flagellated forms of T. evansi were observed in the blood smear of three animals.

Analysis of Municipal Pipe Network Franchise Institution

Science.gov (United States)

Yong, Sun; Haichuan, Tian; Feng, Xu; Huixia, Zhou

Franchise institution of municipal pipe network has some particularity due to the characteristic of itself. According to the exposition of Chinese municipal pipe network industry franchise institution, the article investigates the necessity of implementing municipal pipe network franchise institution in China, the role of government in the process and so on. And this offers support for the successful implementation of municipal pipe network franchise institution in China.

Should large Spanish municipalities be financially compensated? Costs and benefits of being a capital/central municipality [WP-IEB

OpenAIRE

Bosch Roca, Núria; Espasa Queralt, Marta; Montolio, Daniel

2013-01-01

This paper analyse the costs and benefits of being a capital or central municipality, where central costs are understood to be incurred specifically as a result of the problems large municipalities located at the centre of an urban agglomeration face and capital costs are understood to result from the presence of regional and/or central government institutions in the municipality. However, these two qualities might also be beneficial to municipalities, resulting in a direct increase in their ...

77 FR 35669 - AltaGas Renewable Energy Colorado LLC; Supplemental Notice That Initial Market-Based Rate Filing...

Science.gov (United States)

2012-06-14

... DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY Federal Energy Regulatory Commission [Docket No. ER12-1875-000] AltaGas Renewable Energy Colorado LLC; Supplemental Notice That Initial Market-Based Rate Filing Includes Request... of AltaGas Renewable Energy Colorado LLC application for market-based rate authority, with an...

Transparency of the municipal public management: a study from the homepages of the large Brazilian municipalities

OpenAIRE

Cruz, Cláudia Ferreira; Ferreira, Aracéli Cristina de Sousa; Silva, Lino Martins da; Macedo, Marcelo Álvaro da Silva

2012-01-01

This study attempts to check the transparency level of information in public administration published in the homepages of 96 municipalities included among the 100 most populous in Brazil and what characteristics and socioeconomic indicators of the municipalities can contribute to explain the level of transparency observed. The level of transparency in public administration was established from a research model called Transparency Index Municipal Public Management (ITGP-M) constructed based on...

[Epidemiology of urinary calculi in the Marina Alta (Alicante) region].

Science.gov (United States)

Romero Pérez, P; Amat Cecilia, M

1992-06-01

An epidemiological study on urolithiasis was conducted in the Borough of Marina Alta from December 1989 to December 1990. The Health Care region of Marina Alta includes 11 health care areas, all centralized into one single Local Hospital offering service to an estimated population of 125,290 inhabitants, which experiences a remarkable increase over the summer months. During the study period 1,792 patients, 350 (20%) of which were lithiasis cases were seen in the Urology Unit. 2.80 per thousand of the studied population had urolithiasis-related signs. Incidence is higher in males than in females, as well as in patients with prior lithiasic diseases, surgery and urinary infections. Urinary infection was present in 20% of patients. Nine percent of patients had some type of associated urinary malformation. The most frequent mineral composition of the lithiasis was: Calcium oxalate (52%), uric acid (20%) and oxalate plus uric acid (9%).

Altas habilidades: uma questão escolar Giftedness: a shool matter

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Célia Maria Paz Ferreira Barreto

2011-12-01

Full Text Available Esse estudo foi realizado em uma escola federal de ensino, localizada no Rio de Janeiro. Estabeleceu como objetivos gerais investigar as representações dos professores sobre as altas habilidades e a existência da indicação de alunos com esse perfil para atendimento. Utilizou duas amostras diferenciadas. A primeira, formada por 36 professores que atuavam do 1º ao 9º ano do ensino fundamental e do 1º ao 3º ano do ensino médio. A outra amostra foi constituída por quatro setores da escola responsáveis pelo registro histórico dos alunos. Utilizou-se a metodologia da análise de conteúdo no tratamento dos dados obtidos. Os resultados mostraram que os professores respondentes têm representações sobre altas habilidades e que não existem alunos com altas habilidades matriculados na instituição. Os resultados indicam urgência no implemento de ações inclusivas para as altas habilidades nessa escola, assim como a continuidade e aprofundamento nessa pesquisa.The study took place in a public federal school in Rio de Janeiro. The overall objectives were to investigate representations teachers have about giftedness and existing indications of such students that should be referred to specific learning and counseling programs. Two different groups were taken as samples. The first was made up of 36 elementary and high school teachers. The other consisted of four school sectors, charged with keeping students data records. The qualitative method of contents analysis was used. This study indicates its participants have representations about giftedness, although there were no gifted students enrolled in the institution where the study took place. The results also suggest that there is a pressing need to implement inclusive actions for gifted students at this school, as well as further developing the investigation at a deeper level.

Transforming your Municipal Electric Utility

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Harper, P.

1999-01-01

A series of overhead viewgraphs accompanied this presentation which focused on what municipalities should and can do to prepare for a competitive energy market in Ontario. Particular attention was given to business strategies, restructuring and transformation of the Municipal Electric Utilities (MEU). Issues and questions regarding ownership were also discussed. Each municipality will have to decide what is the most appropriate governance and organizational structure for their MEU. It was noted that one of the most contentious areas is refinancing and rate structures. Issues regarding merger or partnering options were also discussed. 1 tab

Should large Spanish municipalities be financially compensated? Costs and benefits of being a capital/central municipality

OpenAIRE

Bosch Roca, Núria; Espasa Queralt, Marta; Montolio, Daniel

2014-01-01

We determine the costs and benefits of being a capital or central municipality, where central costs are understood to be incurred specifically as a result of the problems large municipalities located at the centre of an urban agglomeration face (including costs associated with social issues, immigration, commuting and diseconomies of scale) and capital costs result from the presence of regional and/or central government institutions in the municipality (loss of revenue or increase in expendit...

76 FR 823 - Registration of Municipal Advisors

Science.gov (United States)

2011-01-06

... financial products.\\12\\ For example, as derivatives have developed in the municipal securities market, some... public information regarding the size of the municipal securities derivative market. Estimates of the..., Municipal Derivative Securities--Uses and Valuation 21 (1995) (discussion of revenue bonds). See also...

The effects of new diversion valves in Alta hydro-power station on the population of Atlantic salmon; Ny forbitappingsventil i Alta kraftverk. Betydning for laksebestanden

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Forseth, Torbjoern; Naesje, Tor F.; Jensen, Arne J.; Saksgaard, Laila; Hvidsten, Nils Arne

1997-02-01

The report deals with consequential relations for the environment of Alta river in Northern Norway in connection with a hydroelectric power plant. The consequences of regulating the flow by the installation of an new diversion valve are discussed. 39 refs., 10 figs., 4 tabs.

Empowering the Legitimacy of Municipal Decision-Making - Three Swedish Municipalities Facing the Nuclear Waste Management Issue

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Soederberg, Olof

2001-01-01

This paper is focussed on how municipal elected leaders in three Swedish feasibility study municipalities - Nykoeping, Oskarshamn and Tierp - have tried to ensure that future decisions by their respective municipalities will be based both on factual knowledge and on existing opinions held by the general public. These efforts have contributed to an empowerment of the legitimacy of municipal decision-making within the nuclear waste management field and, probably, also served as a factor contributing to trust building with regard to these issues. The three cases show three ways to handle the problem, although there are also common features. The municipalities of Nykoeping and Oskarshamn have been facing these issues since 1995. In the case of Tierp, the municipality was confronted in late 1998 with the task to choose a strategy for its involvement in the site selection process and then, immediately, implement that strategy. A decision to construct a final repository for spent nuclear fuel has an obvious local dimension. It is not enough that an implementer is capable of developing a method that is considered to be safe enough by the regulatory authorities and by the Government. Nor is it enough that the implementer has succeeded to choose a site that these institutions consider to be suitable. A vital condition for a successful result is also that the general public, especially people living close to the site, have trust in the process leading up to the decision - and of course also that the general public is confident that the implementer and the regulator have agreed on a sound technical solution of the disposal problem. In other words, decisions in this area by Government and regulatory authorities do not only have to comply with existing legislation (obviously decisions by such bodies have to be 'legal'); they also should have a democratic legitimacy. In a representative democracy like Sweden, with high voting participation, it may seem self-evident that the

Empowering the Legitimacy of Municipal Decision-Making - Three Swedish Municipalities Facing the Nuclear Waste Management Issue

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Soederberg, Olof [Ministry of the Environment, Stockholm (Sweden)

2001-07-01

This paper is focussed on how municipal elected leaders in three Swedish feasibility study municipalities - Nykoeping, Oskarshamn and Tierp - have tried to ensure that future decisions by their respective municipalities will be based both on factual knowledge and on existing opinions held by the general public. These efforts have contributed to an empowerment of the legitimacy of municipal decision-making within the nuclear waste management field and, probably, also served as a factor contributing to trust building with regard to these issues. The three cases show three ways to handle the problem, although there are also common features. The municipalities of Nykoeping and Oskarshamn have been facing these issues since 1995. In the case of Tierp, the municipality was confronted in late 1998 with the task to choose a strategy for its involvement in the site selection process and then, immediately, implement that strategy. A decision to construct a final repository for spent nuclear fuel has an obvious local dimension. It is not enough that an implementer is capable of developing a method that is considered to be safe enough by the regulatory authorities and by the Government. Nor is it enough that the implementer has succeeded to choose a site that these institutions consider to be suitable. A vital condition for a successful result is also that the general public, especially people living close to the site, have trust in the process leading up to the decision - and of course also that the general public is confident that the implementer and the regulator have agreed on a sound technical solution of the disposal problem. In other words, decisions in this area by Government and regulatory authorities do not only have to comply with existing legislation (obviously decisions by such bodies have to be 'legal'); they also should have a democratic legitimacy. In a representative democracy like Sweden, with high voting participation, it may seem self-evident that

Implementing the Green City Policy in Municipal Spatial Planning: The Case of Buffalo City Metropolitan Municipality

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Abongile Dlani

2015-06-01

Full Text Available The term “eco-city,” and similar concepts such as “green” and “sustainable” cities, has evolved overtime concurrent to the development of the understanding of social change and mankind’s impact on environmental and economic health. With the advent of climate change impacts, modern economies developed the green city policy to create sustainable urban development, low emission, and environmentally friendly cities. In South Africa municipalities, including Buffalo City Metropolitan Municipality (BCMM have been tasked to and implement the green city policy. However, BCMM is yet to develop the green city policy that clearly articulate how the municipality will combat climate change and reduce its Green House Gases (GHG emissions in its spatial planning designs. Against this background, this article reviews and analyses green policy landscape in Metropolitan Municipalities. It is envisaged that the research will provide the basis for the development of a comprehensive green policy strategies and programmes for the local transition to action in Buffalo City Metropolitan Municipality, in the Eastern Cape Province.

Economic growth and inflation rate: implications for municipal revenue and health expenditure of the municipalities of Pernambuco, Brazil.

Science.gov (United States)

Feliciano, Marciana; Bezerra, Adriana Falangola Benjamin; Santo, Antônio Carlos Gomes do Espírito

2017-06-01

This paper analyzes the implications of municipal budget revenue growth and the monetary policy's inflation rates goals in the availability of public health resources of municipalities. This is a descriptive, exploratory, quantitative, retrospective and longitudinal cross-sectional study covering the period 2002-2011. We analyzed health financing and expenditure variables in the municipalities of the state of Pernambuco, Brazil, describing the trend and the relationship between them. Data showed the growth of the variables and trend towards homogeneity. The exception was for the participation of Intergovernmental Transfers in the Total Health Expenditure of the Municipality. We found a significant correlation between Budget Revenue per capita and Health Expenditure per capita and a strong significant negative correlation between Inflation Rate, Budget Revenue per capita and Health Expenditure per capita. We concluded that increased health expenditure is due more to higher municipal tax revenue than to increased transfers that, in relative terms, did not increase. The strong inverse relationship between inflation rate and the Financing and Expenditure variables show that the monetary policy's inflation goals have restricted health financing to municipalities.

Monograph of Keçiören Municipality

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Savaş Zafer Şahin

2015-12-01

Full Text Available In Turkey, urban administration can be defined from a judicial perspective as the bundle of powers vested in municipalities. It is known that throughout republican history, municipalities, using these powers, have differentiated themselves via their own internal dynamics in parallel to the evolution of public policy and changes in legislation. Yet, it is obvious that there are important gaps in understanding this differentiation taking into consideration the structural conditions of individual municipalities. In particular, in order to thoroughly understand municipalities, it is important to consider periodical pictures of how each municipality has been affected by waves of decentralization and centralization experienced over the last thirty years. In this respect, this monograph, using the same monographic approach developed for the Çankaya Municipality, provides a picture of the existing situation of Ankara’s Keçiören Municipality and presents related problems and potential. This monograph, based on qualitative and quantitative research, presents a holistic evaluation of Keçiören Municipality in terms of its external environment, provision of services, decision-making processes, use of technology and communications.

Local democracy in large municipalities

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Thuesen, Annette Aagaard

2017-01-01

Municipal amalgamations in Denmark in 2007 led to concern for local rural democracy, as the number of politicians from rural areas dropped after the reform. To preserve rural democracy, local councils at the village level were established in some municipalities, and they have begun to prepare local...

Factors associated with infant feeding practices after hospital discharge Fatores associados à prática alimentar do recém-nascido pós-alta hospitalar

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Celene Aparecida Ferrari Audi

2005-06-01

Full Text Available OBJECTIVE: To assess factors associated with infant feeding practices on the first day at home after hospital discharge. METHODS: A total of 209 women, who had a child aged four months or less and were living in Itapira, Brazil, were interviewed during the National Immunization Campaign Day in 1999. Statistical analysis was performed using the Chi-square test and a logistic regression model was used for verifying an association between dependent and independent variables. RESULTS: Women aged 25.5 years on average and 18.2% were teenagers. Fifty-three percent of the women delivered vaginally and most vaginal deliveries (78.5% took place in the public hospital. The prevalence of exclusive breastfeeding on the first day at home was 78.1% and 11.6% of the infants were receiving formula at this time. The only factor associated with EBF on the first day at home was being a teenaged-primiparous mother (OR=9.40; 95% CI: 1.24-71.27. This association remained statistically significant even after controlling for type of delivery and hospital where the birth took place. Feeding formula on the first day at home was only significantly associated with the hospital (i.e., birth at the city hospital was a protective factor (OR=0.33; 95% CI: 0.13-0.86, even after controlling for vaginal delivery. CONCLUSIONS: On the first day at home after hospital discharge, teenaged-primiparous mothers were more likely to exclusive breastfeeding as well as those infants born in the municipal public hospital. Further studies are needed from a multidisciplinary approach.OBJETIVO: Avaliar os fatores associados à prática de amamentação no primeiro dia em casa após a alta hospitalar. MÉTODOS: Foram realizadas 209 entrevistas com mães de lactentes, com idade até quatro meses de vida, residentes em Itapira, SP, no momento em que levaram seus filhos para serem vacinados durante a Campanha Nacional de Vacinação, em 1999. Utilizou-se de análise exploratória dos dados, teste

Energy saving in the pumping of drinking water, Municipality of San Felipe, Guanajuato; Ahorro de energia electrica en bombeo de agua potable, en el municipio de San Felipe, Gto.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Gamiz Sanchez, Lorenzo [Applied Technology Center de Mexico, S.A. de C.V. (Mexico)

2006-01-15

This paper shows the results attained in energy saving through a project of potable water pumping, which took an investment of $433,043.00 and an internal rate of return of 126%. This project puts into evidence that it is possible to reduce between 15 and 30% of the total invoicing for energy consumption in potable water pumping if an equipment of poor efficiency is replaced by another of high efficiency. The project was requested by the Guanajuato's State Water Comision and the Municipal Bureau of Sewage and Potable Water, with the double intention of reducing the energy consumption along with the corresponding invoicing and incrementing the output of the wells in order to improve the potable water supply. In the site two high efficiency submersible motor-pumps were installed previously to the energy diagnosis that triggered profitable operation results and a convenient invoicing. [Spanish] Se documentan los resultados obtenidos en un proyecto de ahorro de energia en el bombeo de agua potable realizado con una inversion de $433,043.00 y con una tasa interna de retorno de 126%. Este proyecto pone en evidencia que es posible reducir entre el 15 y 30% de la facturacion total por consumo de energia electrica en el bombeo de agua potable si se sustituye un equipo poco eficiente por otro de alta eficiencia. El proyecto fue solicitado por la Comision Estatal del Agua de Guanajuato y la Junta Municipal de Agua Potable y Alcantarillado del municipio, con un doble proposito, reducir el consumo de energia junto con la facturacion correspondiente e incrementar la capacidad de produccion de los pozos con la intencion de mejorar el abasto de agua potable. En el lugar se instalaron dos motobombas sumergibles de alta eficiencia previo diagnostico energetico que desencadenaron rentables resultados operativos y de facturacion.

ESCO in Danish municipalities

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Jensen, Jesper Ole; Hansen, Jesper Rohr; Nielsen, Susanne Balslev

2013-01-01

development with international ESCO experience as well as refer to public innovation literature. Combined with empirical case studies on ESCO contracting, we discuss factors and conditions that influence decisions on ESCO, the flexibility of ESCO contracts and whether it implies an innovative process...... mainly been used in the industry so far, but in recent years more and more municipalities have taken up ESCO initiatives, in order to retrofit existing public buildings, and to make them more energy efficient. ESCO is in many ways a new way of collaboration for Danish municipalities, and therefore...... in municipalities ESCOs have received much attention in different Danish energy-.efficiency policies, where ESCOs are often described as a promising way to achieve energy savings in existing housing and to overcome barriers encountered by other attempts at energy savings. Instead of assessing ESCO only...

Energy management in municipal heritage; Management de l'energie dans le patrimoine municipal

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2004-07-01

Energie-Cites has organized a week dedicated to the practices of energy consumption management in the municipalities and to network practices for energy efficiency. Practical presentations and site visits provided the participants with many methodological elements on energy policy, electricity demand management, optimising the design of municipal buildings, energy efficiency, integrated logistics for use of biomass energy, methods of energy consumption monitoring, legal framework for energy efficiency. (A.L.B.)

Some remarks on bankrupt municipalities | Stander | Potchefstroom ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

The insolvency of municipalities is no longer a rare incident; it is a reality. It is interesting to note that even in the United States of America the insolvency of municipalities is currently an equally serious concern. In South Africa there is much speculation regarding the causes of the insolvency of municipalities, and possible ...

Consolidation of municipalities in the newest time

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Yury Blagov

2017-01-01

Full Text Available The subject. The article is devoted to the analysis of the causes, the process, the consequencesof the enlargement of municipalities in the Russian Federation.The purpose of this paper is to show that with the initial increase in the number of municipalities,many of them turned out to be incapable of effectively addressing local issues andproviding quality services to the population. In this regard, the reverse process began – theconsolidation of municipalities. As a result, the number of municipalities, especially the rurallevel, has dramatically decreased. The enlargement of municipal formations went arbitrarily,without taking into account the infrastructural and historical unity of the unified urbansettlements.The methodology. The author uses a dialectical method, a method of analysis and synthesis,a formal legal method, a comparative legal method.Results, scope of application. 03.04.2017 Federal Law No. 62-FZ is adopted, which providesfor the transformation of municipal raions and constituent urban and rural settlements intourban districts according to a "simplified procedure", that is, with the consent of the populationexpressed by the representative body of the municipality. In parallel, under considerationin the legal department of the State Duma of the Russian Federation there is a billintroduced by deputy A.P. Markov, offering to introduce a new type of municipal formation– the rural district. In rural districts it is proposed to unite settlements in rural municipalareas. The implementation of this bill will lead to the mass elimination of rural settlements.Actually there are no accurate and exhaustive legislative provisions regulating the territorialboundaries of urban districts, forms of the transformation and abolition of municipalities;moreover, local political and economic elites persistently seek to preserve the single tiermanagement system developed over the decades. As a result of these blemishes, within administrative areas

Study on Municipal Energy Companies

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

2009-07-01

This is a summarizing overview of the local, renewable energy initiatives that are grouped under the heading of 'municipal energy company'. A municipal energy company (or sustainable energy company) is a local energy company that initiates, coordinates and/or manages sustainable energy projects with the primary objective of realizing the climate objectives. [nl

Do Municipal Mergers Improve Fiscal Outcomes?

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Hansen, Sune Welling; Houlberg, Kurt; Holm Pedersen, Lene

2014-01-01

Improved fiscal management is a frequent justification for promoting boundary consolidations. However, whether or not this is actually the case is rarely placed under rigorous empirical scrutiny. Hence, this article investigates if fiscal outcomes are improved when municipalities are merged....... The basic argument is that the conceptualisation of fiscal management in political science is often too narrow as it focuses on the budget and pays hardly any attention to balances in the final accounts and debts – elements of management which are central to policy making. On this background, the causal...... relationship between municipal mergers and fiscal outcomes is analysed. Measured on the balance between revenues and expenses, liquid assets and debts, municipal mergers improve the fiscal outcomes of the municipalities in a five-year perspective, although the pre-reform effects tend to be negative...

Technology for Salt Production in the Mixteca Alta

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Ricardo Antonio León Hernández

2015-01-01

Full Text Available Salt production in the Mixteca Alta is a traditional means of production from prehispanic period, which, despite the economic transformation processes in the colonial period, remained significant features of the traditional process, based on the documented similar models from other productive regions in Mexico. The salt in the novohispanic period was considered a major consumption economic asset due to its use in production processes for the production of new economic products that supported the economy of preindustrial societies (Terán, 2011, p. 71; Williams, 2008. Technology refers to the knowledges for solving human needs arising lifestyle of the cultural groups that develop them. The resources of the natural environment underpin the means of labor that man requires to perform its activities, including economic. The means of production and production processes are technological developments, which involve elements of tangible and intangible order. The study of work processes for salt extraction, are significantly related to the processes of technological evolution that man has developed for the use of natural resources. The economic activities of the primary sector are examples of how humans culturally and economically were inserted in the natural environment (Malpica, 2008, p. 59. This analysis presents a historiographical approach to the study of the processes and the technology required for the extraction of salt in the Mixteca Alta.

AGRICULTURA SOSTENIBLE EN ECOSISTEMAS DE ALTA MONTAÑA

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

DIANA MARCELA RUIZ O

Full Text Available La agricultura como principal actividad del desarrollo económico rural en Colombia ha sido implementada con diferentes estrategias desde la época precolombina. Los ecosistemas de la alta montaña no han sido ajenos a esta realidad, y particularmente en las zonas de Páramo del Cauca, el intento por favorecer la prevalencia de un modelo altamente productivo e intensivo en el uso del suelo ha conllevado al detrimento de la diversidad socio-ecológica, la rápida expansión de la frontera agropecuaria en áreas estratégicas, la pérdida del conocimiento tradicional sobre el uso de la tierra y el bajo rendimiento de los cultivos que ha implicado mayor incorporación de fertilizantes al suelo amenazando estos sistemas vulnerables en la alta montaña. Sin embargo, es común encontrar en diferentes localidades paramunas caucanas comunidades indígenas y campesinas que reconocen la necesidad de cambiar los sistemas productivos que han venido empleando debido a la disminución de la fertilidad del suelo que limita la comercialización de sus productos y a la problemática ambiental asociada, en este sentido, el acompañamiento institucional en este proceso es vital para favorecer la implementación de procesos sostenibles de forma integral.

Allegheny County Municipal Land Use Ordinances

Data.gov (United States)

Allegheny County / City of Pittsburgh / Western PA Regional Data Center — Many municipalities have their own land use ordinances and establish standards and requirements for land use and development in that municipality. This dataset is...

Management and Employee Sati sfaction in a Municipal Administration

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Polona Kambič

2014-09-01

Full Text Available Research Question (RQ: Do knowledge and skills of the director of municipal administration have an influence on employee satisfaction? Purpose: To research the knowledge and skills, a leader needs to guide employees towards reaching a work place satisfaction and consequently towards higher effectiveness of the organization. Method: A case study on a smaller municipal administration based on an interview with the director of municipal administration on development of knowledge and skills; a questionnaire for determining leadership abilities and a questionnaire for measuring work satisfaction of employees in municipal administration. Results: The influence of knowledge and skills of the director of municipal administration on employee satisfaction. Organization: Organization that strives for success needs to devote special attention to people management. Satisfied employees are successful in their work assignments and consequently contribute to effectiveness of the organization. Society: The purpose of municipal administration is to fulfill the needs of its citizens as much as possible. A quality service for citizens as service users can only be provided by satisfied employees in the municipal administration. Originality: In the municipal administration of the studied municipality a research study on the influence of knowledge and skills of the leader on employee satisfaction has not been carried out yet, so this will serve as grounds for improvement of organizational climate in the organization. Limitations/further research: The director of municipal administration is the author’s subordinate. The municipal administration has only eight employees, which is a limited sample size even though all employees participated in the research study. In the future it would be wise to conduct a study with all three municipal administrations of the Bela krajina region, as this would provide a clearer picture of employee satisfaction in the municipalities of

Policy recommendations for Canadian municipal greenhouse gas trading

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Seskus, A.

2002-01-01

The municipal policies regarding greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions trading from municipalities in developed countries outside of Canada were examined in an effort to help establish a position on municipal carbon trading in Canada. The main uncertainty regarding this new concept of GHG emissions trading is the fate of the Kyoto Protocol, when or if it will be ratified. It is premature for municipalities to have well-established polices about emissions trading because the country in which a municipality is located determines the position towards GHG emissions trading. For this study, an extensive literature search of municipal policies was conducted for both GHG trading and domestic national GHG trading. This was followed by a survey on emissions trading which was distributed to more than 350 member cities (including the United States, Europe and Australia) of the International Council for Environmental Initiatives (ICLEI) Cities for Climate Protection (CCP) Campaign. The literature search revealed that municipalities outside of Canada have not yet formulated policies to address the issue of emissions trading. Only 7 per cent of the cities felt that they were informed about emissions trading, even in Europe and Australia where domestic emissions trading is closer to becoming a reality. This paper demonstrated that it is evident that more training is needed for municipalities regarding this issue. For the very few cities that had developed a GHG trading policy, each municipal policy supported municipal participation in emissions trading under conditions that included an environmental retirement, a do-no-harm clause, or an obligation to meet voluntary commitments before excess emissions can be traded. refs., tabs., figs

Do Municipal Governments Need More Tax Powers? A Background Paper on Municipal Finance in Alberta

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Melville McMillan

2014-11-01

Full Text Available Local governments in Alberta have faced considerable and variable challenges over the past 60 years. For example, the rapid population and economic growth during the 1950s, ’60s and ’70s created exceptional demands for schools, schooling and municipal infrastructure; demands exceeding those of the last 30 years. Local and especially municipal financing has relied heavily on the property tax throughout. Questions are being asked today about whether the property tax is sufficient for municipal government. Our historical analysis provides insights into the fiscal situation of Alberta’s municipalities that can assist in addressing those questions. The main findings are highlighted here. We conclude that current demands, though considerable, are not creating stress on the property tax as a source of municipal revenue. • The property tax burden in Alberta during the past decade is the lowest that it has been over the past 60 years. Presently, property taxes are about 3.5 per cent of personal income. They were as high as seven per cent during much of the 1960s and averaged in the four to five per cent range from 1950 to 2000. Local and provincial school taxes were responsible for most of the fluctuations in the property tax burden. Municipal property taxes ranged from two to three per cent of personal incomes and recently amounted to about 2.5 per cent, a level typical of that over the past 20 years. • Investment in local infrastructure has over the past 30 years been at half the rate of that of the previous 30 years. Only since 2006, with the assistance of provincial capital grants, has infrastructure spending shown upward movement. Capital spending lagged population growth for many years and probably contributed to a deterioration of infrastructure. • Municipal current or operating expenditures (about three-quarters of the total have been a declining share of personal incomes since the late 1980s and, since 2000, are a smaller share than

Municipal Development Plan, Acerra (Naples

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Luigi Benevolo

2014-02-01

Full Text Available The Municipal Development Plan (Piano Urbanistico Comunale - PUC of Acerra has been drafted by a group of young professionals and researchers, led by Leonardo Benevolo, in accordance with the guidelines laid out by Regional Law no. 16 of 2004. Its complex drafting process was compressed into a brief, nine-month period in 2008 and 2009, at the end of which its initial adoption (or “predisposizione” – “preparation” or “predisposition” – in Italian legal terms was ratified by the municipal council. This article reconstructs the key moments, illustrating the main elements of the plan and how the debate about it took shape both inside and outside the municipal administration.

40 CFR 230.50 - Municipal and private water supplies.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-07-01

... a municipal or private water supply system. (b) Possible loss of values: Discharges can affect the... 40 Protection of Environment 24 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Municipal and private water supplies... Potential Effects on Human Use Characteristics § 230.50 Municipal and private water supplies. (a) Municipal...

Safety of Municipal Loan in Ukraine

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Stetsenko Tetiana V.

2014-03-01

Full Text Available The goal of the article is justification of the necessity of legal regulation of actions of the bodies of local self-government when detecting signs of insolvency. Each stage of municipal loans management is analysed from the point of view of availability of legal rules, which do not allow making municipal loans by territorial communities of the cities with weak financial state or regulate sequence of actions of municipalities in default times. The following results were obtained: majority of legal restrictions in the sphere of local finance management are directed at prevention of ungrounded loans or have the form of sanctions, applied to local bodies, which perform their debt obligations with delay; the state formally controls the process of making municipal loans, avoiding financial responsibility; the national legislation does not contain the mechanism of regulation of actions of territorial communities, which experience difficulties when performing debt obligations. The article proves expediency of adoption of a uniform regulatory-legal act in Ukraine, which would regulate all economic relations connected with making municipal loans. This legal document shall contain a section about actions of the municipality-debtor when signs of default start to appear, announcement of default and declaration of the debtor insolvent (bankrupt. The article recommends the following structure of this section: regulation of the procedure of default announcement avoidance; announcement of default with the pre-trial restoration of the debtor’s solvency; and announcement of default with declaring the debtor bankrupt juridically.

Creación de dinero y demanda por dinero durante la alta inflación boliviana de 1982-1985

OpenAIRE

Morales, Juan Antonio

2012-01-01

Las tasas de inflación mensual boliviana desde el segundo trimestre de 1984 asta el tercer trimestre de 1985 fueron las más altas del mundo en los últimos 35 años y solo comparables a aquellas sufridas en algunas naciones de Europa Central después de las dos guerras mundiales. Las altas tasas de crecimiento de los precios durante este periodo caracterizan un claro caso de hiperinflación. Aunque los síntomas más agudos se presentaron en el periodo mencionado, las altas tasas de inflación apare...

Soy Expansion and Socioeconomic Development in Municipalities of Brazil

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Luiz Antonio Martinelli

2017-09-01

Full Text Available Soy occupies the largest area of agricultural land in Brazil, spreading from southern states to the Amazon region. Soy is also the most important agricultural commodity among Brazilian exports affecting food security and land use nationally and internationally. Here we pose the question of whether soy expansion affects only economic growth or whether it also boosts socioeconomic development, fostering education and health improvements in Brazilian municipalities where it is planted. To achieve this objective, we divided more than 5000 municipalities into two groups: those with >300 ha of soy (soy municipalities and those with <300 ha of soy (non-soy municipalities. We compared the Human Development Index (HDI and the Gini coefficient for income for these two groups of municipalities in 1991, 2000, and 2010. We made such comparison at the municipality level for the whole country, but we also grouped the municipalities by major geographical regions and states. We found that the HDI was higher in soy municipalities, especially in the agricultural frontier. That effect was not so clear in more consolidated agricultural regions of the country. Soy municipalities also had a higher Gini coefficient for income than non-soy municipalities. We concluded that soy could be considered a precursor of socioeconomic development under certain conditions; however, it also tends to be associated with an increase in income inequality, especially in the agricultural frontier.

How to encourage road noise abatement in Nordic municipalities

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Sørensen, Claus Hedegaard

2008-01-01

Road noise nuisance is a huge problem in the Nordic countries, and it seems diffi cult for Nordic countries to meet national targets for its reduction. One reason for this is the lack of municipal activities in the fi eld. Th us the research question that this article seeks to answer in relation...... to already existing residential areas and roads is: which conditions in the municipal organisation and its institutional environment contribute to making municipalities provide and implement noise abatement measures? Th e assumption is that three factors infl uence how the municipalities prioritize among...... political issues: the municipal organisation itself, the local institutional environment (citizens, business and NGOs), and the state and trans-municipal networks. A study of the anatomy of municipal road noise abatement policy shows that conditions for implementing road noise abatement in existing...

: Toward a conceptualization of a paracas urbanism in ánimas altas / ánimas bajas (Ica Valley)?

OpenAIRE

Bachir Bacha , Aïcha; Llanos Jacinto , Oscar Daniel

2015-01-01

International audience; Since 2009, within the framework of the Ánimas Altas Archaeological Program in Ica, Peru — under the direction of the au-thors — systematic excavations have been carried out in the Ánimas Altas/Ánimas Bajas archaeological complex, the center ofthe Paracas culture in the lower Ica valley. To date, the project has documented public-ceremonial architecture as well as domesticand production areas. Additionally, excavations have revealed evidence of pyramidal complexes cont...

Energy management in municipal heritage; Management de l'energie dans le patrimoine municipal

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2004-07-01

Energie-Cites has organized a week dedicated to the practices of energy consumption management in the municipalities and to network practices for energy efficiency. Practical presentations and site visits provided the participants with many methodological elements on energy policy, electricity demand management, optimising the design of municipal buildings, energy efficiency, integrated logistics for use of biomass energy, methods of energy consumption monitoring, legal framework for energy efficiency. (A.L.B.)

Privatization of municipal electrical utilities

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Carr, J.

1998-01-01

The challenges and special issues which arise through the sale of a municipal electric utility were discussed. The recent sales of two utilities, the Kentville Electric Commission in Nova Scotia and Cornwall Electric in Ontario, were used as examples to show how the sale of an electric utility differs from the sale of most business enterprises. Municipal utilities are integral parts of the communities they serve which introduces several complexities into the sale. Factors that require special attention in the sale of the utilities, including electricity rates, local accountability, treatment of employees and local economic development, and the need for a comprehensive communication program to deal with the substantial public interest that sale of a municipal utility will engender, were reviewed

Audiitor kaebas Alta Capitali arve pärast Läti kohtusse / Henrik Ilves

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

Ilves, Henrik

2008-01-01

Eesti Päevalehe andmetel kaebas rahvusvaheline audiitorfirma Ernst & Young Lätis kohtusse investeerimisfirma Alta Capital, kuna firma ei ole maksnud esitatud arvet. Nõude suuruseks on 4,69 miljonit krooni

Cinemómetro piezoeléctrico de alta exactitud (VUAE

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Jiménez Martínez, F. J.

2012-02-01

Full Text Available We have developed a portable computerized and low consumption, our system is called High Accuracy Piezoelectric Kinemometer measurement, herein VUAE. By the high accuracy obtained by VUAE it make able to use the VUAE to obtain references measurements of system for measuring Speeds in Vehicles. Therefore VUAE could be used how reference equipment to estimate the error of installed kinemometers. The VUAE was created with n (n≥2 pairs of ultrasonic transmitter-receiver, herein E-R_ult. The transmitters used in the n couples E-R_ult generate n ultrasonic barriers and receivers receive the echoes when the vehicle crosses the barriers. Digital processing of the echoes signals let us to obtain acceptable signals. Later, by mean of cross correlation technics is possible make a highly exact estimation of speed of the vehicle. The log of the moments of interception and the distance between each of the n ultrasounds allows for a highly exact estimation of speed of the vehicle. VUAE speed measurements were compared to a speed reference system based on piezoelectric cables.

Se ha desarrollado un sistema electrónico computerizado, portátil y de bajo consumo, denominado Medidor de Velocidad de Vehículos por Ultrasonidos de Alta Exactitud, VUAE. La alta exactitud de la medida conseguida en el VUAE hace que pueda servir de medida de referencia de la velocidad de un vehículo circulando en carretera. Por tanto el VUAE puede usarse como medida de referencia que permita estimar el error de los cinemómetros comerciales. El VUAE está compuesto por n (n≥2 parejas de emisores y receptores piezoeléctricos de ultrasonidos, denominados E-R_ult. Los emisores de las n parejas E-R_ult generan n barreras de ultrasonidos, y los receptores piezoeléctricos captan la señal de los ecos cuando el vehículo atraviesa las barreras. Estos ecos se procesan digitalmente para conseguir se

Municipal waste - management and treatment

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Paudel, E.S.R.

2005-01-01

Though per capita waste generation in Nepalese urban cities is not so high, the lack of proper waste management is considered one of the severe problems to be faced by urban people in future. With rapid urbanization, life style of people is changing their habits and consuming more materials and producing a large volume of waste in urban areas in Nepal. The nature and amount of waste generated in municipality is dependent of demography and geography. But most common aspect of municipal waste in Nepal is more than 60% of the waste biodegradable. Whatever the nature and amount of waste generated, the most common practice of managing municipal waste is to dispose in the riverside nearby or dumped elsewhere. The involvement of private sector in waste management is a new concept adopted by many municipalities in Nepal. One of the most progress approaches, 4R (reduces, reuse, recycle and refuse) principle is being practiced. The need of awareness progressive like segregation of wastes at collection point also being practiced in Nepal. Finally, Proper formulation of program and legislation and its application is one of the major challenges for local authorities in Nepal. (author)

Un estudio ecológico sobre tuberculosis en un municipio de Cuba An ecologic study on tuberculosis in a Cuban municipality

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Ivette Molina Serpa

2003-10-01

Full Text Available Se aplica un estudio ecológico para analizar la incidencia de tuberculosis en el municipio Marianao de la provincia Ciudad de La Habana de la República de Cuba en el período 1995-2000. Se realiza una caracterización de tal incidencia, se identifican patrones de distribución espacial y se determina la relación existente entre los niveles de incidencia de tuberculosis y factores del medio ambiente socioeconómico. La unidad espacial considerada son los 29 barrios del municipio Marianao. Entre otros resultados se identifica un patrón de barrios con tasas altas en la región central del municipio. Las tasas de incidencia se hallan significativamente asociadas de forma directa con el porcentaje de familias con problemas disfuncionales y con el porcentaje de población con determinados niveles de hacinamiento, y de manera inversa con la densidad poblacional, y no se encuentran significativamente asociadas ni con los niveles de educación, ni con el estado de la vivienda predominantes en el barrio.An ecological study analyzes tuberculosis incidence in the municipality of Marianao, Havana City Province, Cuba. The study characterizes tuberculosis incidence, identifies spatial distribution patterns, and relates tuberculosis incidence rates to socioeconomic factors. The spatial units are the 29 neighborhoods in the municipality of Marianao. A pattern of neighborhoods with high rates located in the central region of the municipality is identified. Incidence rates are directly (and significantly related to the percentage of families presenting dysfunctional problems and the percentage of the population with certain levels of overcrowding and inversely related to population density, while not significantly associated with level of schooling or prevailing housing conditions.

Alta precoz postparto. Evaluación de las complicaciones maternas y neonatales; repercusión en la ansiedad materna

OpenAIRE

Goyeneche Lasaga, Leire

2014-01-01

246 p. Ensayo clínico controlado aleatorizado simple ciego, sin medicamento, fase IV, unicéntrico donde se comparó el alta precoz a las 24 horas del parto y una visita hospitalaria a las 48h del alta, con el alta habitual a las 48-72 horas. Para ello se incluyeron un total de 416 mujeres sanas y mayores de edad que habían dado a luz por vía vaginal a un RN único, sano y a término entre el 1 de Octubre del 2012 y el 19 de Septiembre del 2013 en el Hospital Universitario Donostia; 208 fueron...

Partnerships between Dutch municipalities and municipalities in countries of migration to the Netherlands; knowledge exchange and mutuality

NARCIS (Netherlands)

van Ewijk, E.; Baud, I.S.A.

2009-01-01

In recent years a growing number of Dutch municipalities have established relations with local governments in the countries of migration to the Netherlands (e.g. Turkey, Suriname and Morocco). In addition to strengthening local governance and improving service delivery in the partner municipalities,

Social Capital, Well-Being and Municipality: Salaspils Municipality (Latvia Case

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Jēkabsone Inga

2016-06-01

Full Text Available During the last three decades, social capital has gained prominence throughout the social sciences. The concepts has been analysed in various manners (from perspectives of economics, political sciences, sociology, anthropology etc. providing wide range of theoretical conceptualizations. The aim of paper is to analyse the relation of social capital and possibility to improve the well-being of the municipality’s citizens using co-responsibility approach. In order to achieve the aim, the tasks are formulated as follows: 1 to review theoretical background for concept of social capital and subjective well-being, 2 to analyse the factors of social capital at local level, and 3 to use the results of conducted empirical research at Salaspils municipality in analysing the correlation of level of social capital and possibility to improve well-being implementing inclusive local management. Research methods used: Scientific literature studies, several stages of focus group discussions, statistical data analysis, SPIRAL methodology, scenario method. The main findings of the paper - there are evidences on relation of social capital and possibility to improve the well-being of the municipality’s citizens. In municipalities with sufficient level of social capital are good opportunities to use participatory techniques for achieving higher level of overall well-being. The paper consists of practical value how to mobilise the social capital of the municipality in order to ensure the inclusive management of the territory.

La evaluación psicopedagógica del alumnado con altas capacidades

OpenAIRE

Grau Rubio, Claudia

2012-01-01

Se describen los instrumentos de evaluación psicopedagógica aplicables al alumnado con altas capacidades. Instrumentos referidos al alumno, al contexto escolar, a las variables socio-familiares y la determinación de las necesidades educativas especiales.

Densidad de desarrollo alta y baja en Puerto Rico

Science.gov (United States)

William A. Gould; Sebastian Martinuzzi; Olga M. Ramos Gonzalez

2008-01-01

Este mapa demuestra la distribución de terrenos de alta y baja densidad de desarrollo urbano en Puerto Rico (Martinuzzi et al. 2007). El mapa fue creado mediante el analisis de un mosaico de imagenes de satelite Landsat ETM+ de los años 2000 – 2003. La clasificacion no supervisada ISODATA (“Iterative Self-Organizing Data Analysis Technique”) (ERDAS 2003) fue utilizada...

Municipal Governments and Development in Latin America

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Catalina Victory

1999-10-01

Full Text Available The processes of democratization, State reforms and administrative de-concentration that have marked the last 15 years of Latin American societies have brought about a reevaluation of the role of municipalities. The decentralization of the State has been put forth as basic objective and the economic productive restructuring happening around the world calls for a response from local initiatives: that is to say, initiatives to effect a new strategy of development “from the bottom up” that values territory as a geographic space bounded by a community of interests. One of the important actors in these local initiatives are the municipal governments who, as a first government resort, must respond to the vast demands of the population. These institutions are not consolidated, however. Instead, they are generally weak, with little economic, political and ideological power, and are limited in their autonomy, authority, legitimacy and capacity for management. In the first part of the article, and in an effort to characterize the political autonomy of the region’s municipalities, their distinct elements are analyzed – the system of representative democracy, competencies and resources, etc.. The most notorious deficiencies of Latin American municipalities are also studied. The second section analyzes the roles that these municipalities should take on to overcome these deficiencies, and goes on to offer action proposals towards creating a new model for municipal management, new ways of making policy from the municipality, and an analysis of the different instruments for promoting the local economy.

Chapter 2 Western dominance Piedra Alta terrane

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

2005-01-01

Piedra Alta Stone includes: geo chemical and geochronology of the granitic complex is located in the SW portion of the crystalline basement of Uruguay. It consists of four thin metamorphic belts separated by a granitic complex - gneissic - migmatítico (CGG) and associated with an important granite, granodiorite, basic or ultrabasic magmatic. Belts north to south are called Arroyo Grande Andresito by renowned Bossi et al. (2000); San Jose (Preciozzi et al., 1991), San Juan (Preciozzi et al, 2005) and Montevideo (Bossi et al., 1993) Pando by renowned Bossi et al. (2000). They are composed of volcano-sedimentary units of different degrees of metamorphism and a set of associated intrusions

Decision 2010-021 : TransAlta Wind Ardenville wind plant and substation : application no. 1604970, proceeding ID 260

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

2010-01-01

TransAlta Wind, a wholly owned subsidiary of TransAlta Corporation, filed an application in April 2009 to construct and operate the Ardenville wind farm and substation in Alberta. The wind farm consists of 23 wind turbines, each rated at 3 MW, for a total installed capacity of 69 MW. The wind farm would be connected to the Alberta Interconnected Electric System at the substation. TransAlta anticipates that a new 138-kV transmission line will be required and has contacted the transmission facilities for the future applications. The Alberta Utilities Commission issued a notice to all interested parties and landholders within 2 km of the proposed wind farm. Two residents raised concerns regarding the use of fossil fuels and alternative fuels, ecological impacts and aesthetic impacts of wind farms and land values. Upon review of information, the Commission was satisfied that approval of the application was in the public interest and that the wind farm complies with all regulatory requirements, including sound levels. Pursuant to sections 11, 14 and 15 of the Hydro and Electric Energy Act, the Commission approved the application and granted approval to TransAlta Wind to construct and operate the Ardenville wind power plant and substation.

Liberalisation of municipal waste handling

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Busck, Ole Gunni

2006-01-01

for improved performance of municipal waste management. The study stresses the need for training and guidance of municipal administrators. Highlighting ‘best practice’ examples the study shows, however, that it is perfectly possible to end up with quality service on contract. It takes a mixture of careful...... of price reductions in stead of quality demands in both environmental and working environmental terms. A recent study showed major deficits in the capacities of the municipalities to administer qualitative requirements in the tender process and to manage the contracts as an integral part of a scheme...... forces and low quality performance. By assuming responsibility, setting and following up on high quality standards the tender instrument presents an additional instrument to legislation and market based means to institutionalize more sustainable practices in waste management...

The Port Hope area initiative from municipal perspective

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Austin, R.

2006-01-01

'Full text:' This paper explores the Municipal perspective of the Port Hope Area Initiative (PHAI). The PHAI is unique in that it emerged from proposals to the Federal Government and subsequently a tri-partite agreement between the Federal Government and the Municipalities of Port Hope and Clarington for the cleanup and management of historic low-level radioactive wastes in long-term waste management facilities in their Municipalities. A key feature of the Port Hope Project is the remediation of many major and small scale sites in the urban area. As part of this Legal Agreement, each Municipality is required to give consent at key milestones for the project to proceed to the next stage. In addition, the Municipality also has veto authority if the preferred option is changed by the federal government during its final review. The Agreement also ensures that the Municipalities have the resources to conduct an independent assessment of the work completed by the federal proponent and to advise the Municipality on related matters. While this Legal Agreement provides the Municipalities with influence over the outcome of the EA and the project description, especially when compared with the typical role of municipalities in other Federal EAs, there are many challenges that Port Hope faces as partner in this process. These include: Balancing Port Hope's interests with those of the Federal Government; Reaching agreement on how clean the remediation sites should be; Considering the interests of future generations while meeting the needs of existing residents; Ensuring that the Project will have a positive legacy for Port Hope; Ensuring that institutional controls are in place and that Port Hope has a partnership role in monitoring the Project performance during the Construction Phase and the long term Maintenance and Monitoring Phase. In this context, this paper presents the unique aspects of the Municipal involvement in the process to finally achieve a safe, environmentally

Vulnerabilidad en la cuenca alta del rio Lerma

OpenAIRE

Cedeño Valdiviezo, Alberto; Torres Lima, Pablo

2013-01-01

La subcuenca Alta del Río Lerma en el Estado de México, importante abastecedor de agua para la Ciudad de México, ha estado expuesta a una fuerte contaminación en los últimos años, misma que ha tenido como consecuencia el Cambio Climático y los consecuentes problemas de salud pública que se están manifestando de diferentes maneras. No obstante, el Estado Mexicano insiste en seguir apoyando a empresas trasnacionales asociadas al cultivo de transgénicos, producción de plaguicidas, pesticidas y P...

Modeling of municipal greenhouse gas emissions. Calculation of greenhouse gas emissions and the reduction possibilities of Dutch municipalities

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Vries de, Willem

2011-01-01

Summary Municipalities represent an active governmental layer in the Netherlands. They often have ambitions to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. In this way the municipalities take responsibility to reduce the threat of global warming. To implement effect

Does municipal co-financing reduce hospitalisation rates in Denmark?

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Vrangbæk, Karsten; Lærke Sørensen, Mette

2013-01-01

Aims: To provide a preliminary answer to the question of whether the economic incentives introduced by the municipal co-financing of hospital services work as intended in the reform. Methods: This study is based on 30 statistical cross-section linear regressions, OLS, using data from Statistics...... Denmark (Statistikbanken) and the Municipal Financial Accounts. Supplemented by data from a survey study from municipal health managers in all municipalities of the country. Results: Despite the favourable conditions presented by the design of our analysis, it is not possible to demonstrate a clear link...... between local efforts and number of admissions from the municipalities. Conclusions: The study does not support one of the fundamental theoretical assumptions behind the municipal co-financing introduced in the 2007 structural reform in Denmark. While the study failed to establish systematic links between...

The deficit mechanism of the Hungarian municipalities

OpenAIRE

Vasvári, Tamás

2012-01-01

The management of the Hungarian municipal sector has received special attention since the crisis in 2008 and interest in the sector increased further due to the changes in legislation in 2011. A great number of economy experts and speakers on behalf of the government or the municipalities provided further details on prevailing issues in the municipal sector, however, their assessment of the severity of these issues varied greatly. By describing the logical framework of the deficit mechanism t...

Greening Public Buildings: ESCO-Contracting in Danish Municipalities

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Jesper Rohr Hansen

2013-05-01

Full Text Available This paper presents current research on Danish municipalities’ use of Energy Service Companies (ESCO as a way to improve the standard of public buildings and to increase energy efficiency. In recent years more and more municipalities have used ESCO-contracts to retrofit existing public buildings, and to make them more energy efficient. At the moment 30 municipalities (of the 98 municipalities in Denmark are involved in, or preparing, ESCO contracts. Nevertheless, ESCO-contracting still faces many challenges on the Danish market, as there is a widespread skepticism towards the concept amongst many stakeholders. The purpose of this paper is to discuss the various experience gained so far by municipalities use of ESCO-contracting, the different approached to ESCO-contracting being used in practice, as well as the different viewpoints drivers and barriers behind the development. The strong growth in ESCO-contracts reflects that the ESCO-concept fits well with a number of present problems that municipalities are facing, as well as a flexible adaptation to the local context in different municipalities.

Energy management in municipal heritage

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

2004-01-01

Energie-Cites has organized a week dedicated to the practices of energy consumption management in the municipalities and to network practices for energy efficiency. Practical presentations and site visits provided the participants with many methodological elements on energy policy, electricity demand management, optimising the design of municipal buildings, energy efficiency, integrated logistics for use of biomass energy, methods of energy consumption monitoring, legal framework for energy efficiency. (A.L.B.)

Las nominaciones de los profesores en la identificación de alumnos de alta capacidad intelectual

OpenAIRE

Tourón, J. (Javier); Repáraz, C. (Charo); Peralta, F. (Feli)

2006-01-01

La capacidad de los profesores para identificar, a través de sus nominaciones, a los alumnos de alta capacidad intelectual en la Clase regular, es uno de los aspectos más controvertidos en la literatura de investigación. Mientras unos trabajos señalan la adecuación y conveniencia de las mismas, otros estudios ponen de manifiesto su falta de consitencia. En este estudio analizamos las nominaciones de los profesores en un proceso de identificación de alumnos de alta capacidad intelectual ...

Renewable municipal waste barometer

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

2014-01-01

In the European Union the production of primary energy from the incineration of municipal waste increased by only 0.7% in 2013 and reached 8.7 million tep (tonnes of oil equivalent). Germany ranks first with the production of 2729 ktep followed by France with 1246 ktep. A positive point is that the sale of heat to heat networks has strongly increased in some countries which means that primary energy is better used. 2 tables give the production of electricity and heat from the incineration of municipal waste in the E.U. member states in 2012 and 2013. Germany ranks first in the 2 tables. The total production of electricity and heat from the incineration of municipal waste in E.U. in 2013 reached 18741 GWh and 2361 tep respectively. A list reviews the most significant companies working in Europe in the sector of waste incineration, 8 companies are listed, 2 are German: EEW, Remondis, 3 are French: SITA (Suez Environment, Veolia and TIRU (EDF), Urbaser is spanish, Gruppo Hera is Italian and AEB-Amsterdan is dutch. (A.C.)

The characteristics to consider in municipal shared spaces

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Brinkoe, Rikke; Nielsen, Susanne Balslev

2017-01-01

Purpose The purpose of this study is through collaboration with practitioners to identify key characteristics of municipal shared spaces and, based on these, developing a guide for establishing a shared space in a municipal real-estate portfolio. Design/methodology/approach This paper builds...... to establishing a shared space in a municipal real-estate portfolio, created in collaboration between researchers and practitioners. It provides an introduction to the topic and outlines a number of tasks that must be completed in different parts of a project, thereby providing a tool which practitioners can use...... in a municipal real-estate portfolio....

Conciliación de la medicación al alta hospitalaria en farmacia comunitaria: a propósito de un caso

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Molinero A

2017-09-01

Full Text Available Mujer de 86 años (itinerante entre dos comunidades autónomas con fibrilación auricular (FA persistente y fibrilación ventricular (FV controlada con anticoagulación oral, distimia, desorden de ansiedad, temblor esencial e insuficiencia venosa crónica que acude a la farmacia comunitaria (FC después de haber acudido a la consulta de su médico de atención primaria (MAP y que ha sido diagnosticada al alta hospitalaria (en la otra comunidad autónoma de ictus isquémico parietal derecho cardioembólico. No se ha realizado conciliación al alta y al dispensar las recetas del MAP se detecta que hay algunas duplicidades, faltan medicamentos prescritos en el informe de alta y sobran otros según lo que aparece en el informe al alta

Municipal hydraulic planning for energy saving; Planeacion hidraulica municipal para el ahorro de energia

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Garcia Garcia, Enrique [PTF S.C. Consultores, Leon, Gto. (Mexico)

1999-07-01

The efficient handling of the economic and natural resources of the municipalities, is nowadays so much complex, that it requires a formal planning. In the public service of potable water supply, two fundamental approaches are conjugated to consider: the rational use of the water resource and the efficient use of the electrical energy, for its extraction from the underground deep reservoirs. In the paper that is presented, the individual features of the previous matters are described and the positive results in a municipality of the Guanajuato's Low Lands (Bajio ), where already the dual objectives are obtained and that with a more professional municipal hydraulic planning, these will be permanent, with the inherent benefit towards the population. [Spanish] El manejo eficiente de los recursos economicos y naturales de los municipios, es hoy en dia cada vez mas complejo, que requiere una planeacion formal. En el servicio publico de abastecimiento de agua potable, se conjugan dos enfoques primordiales a considerar: el uso racional del recurso agua y la utilizacion eficiente de la energia electrica, para su extraccion de los acuiferos subterraneos profundos. En el trabajo que se presenta, se describen las particularidades de lo anterior y los resultados positivos en un municipio del Bajio guanajuatense, donde ya se logran los objetivos duales y que con una planeacion hidraulica municipal mas profesional, estos seran permanentes, con el beneficio inherente hacia la poblacion.

The Main Recreative Areas in Podujeva Municipality

OpenAIRE

, F. Isufi; , F. Humolli; , S. Bulliqi

2016-01-01

Recreation is time available to human kind, excluding normal working hours that are a time for physiological and physical needs of human kind and time for sleep, which is used for entertainment, sport, hobby, rest etc. Well known fact is that recreation is a need of contemporary man, which is at the same time the reason for elaborating this subject. Podujeva Municipality is one of Republic of Kosova’s municipality, and likewise all other municipalities, offer possibilities and have similar pr...

Calibração e avaliação do modelo ORYZA-APSIM para o arroz de terras altas no Brasil

OpenAIRE

Rogério Lorençoni

2010-01-01

Com o objetivo de calibrar e avaliar o modelo ORYZA-APSIM para o arroz de terras altas no Brasil, foram conduzidos dezessete experimentos pela EMBRAPA Arroz e Feijão, em quatro regiões brasileiras (Santo Antônio de Goiás-GO, Sorriso-MT, Gurupi-TO e Teresina-PI) produtoras de arroz de terras altas, entre as safras de 2005/2006 e 2008/2009. O modelo foi calibrado e avaliado para a variedade cultivada de arroz de terras altas BRS-Primavera. Os dados da calibração foram obtidos de dois experiment...

The evaluation of the state of the Sopot Municipality environment as a condition for sustainable development of the municipality area

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Filipović Dejan

2011-01-01

Full Text Available The Sopot Municipality can be conditionally characterized as 'an ecological municipality' considering it is known for its preserved and quality environment, which is the result of the absence of greater sources of degradation and environmental pollution. The structure and usage of the Sopot municipality space was influenced by its specific position and historic development, the resources, the fact it is in the vicinity of Belgrade, as well as the processes taking places in the last few decades. Besides natural, anthropogenic factors substantially influenced the way of spatial development, often violating natural conditions and possibilities. In that sense, the current environmental condition analysis represents the important integral planning base for further spatial development of the Municipality. In this paper the environmental condition is shown according to single elements (air, water, soil, the attention is drawn to the problem of waste on the Sopot Municipality area, and in the end the valorization of the environment was performed from the aspect of pollution level.

When municipalities lead co-production

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Tortzen, Anne

2015-01-01

from research in governance and leadership, the paper analyses a critical case of co-production in the Danish Municipality of Holbæk. The main focus is on exploring how leadership interventions are enacted by civil servants and politicians, and how these shape the co-production process. The analysis...... points to the significant role played by municipalities as hands-off leaders of co-production processes, and identifies leadership dynamics which merit further exploration....

The relationship between the oil industry and municipalities in Saskatchewan

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Gerecke, D.

1997-01-01

The relationship between oil companies and rural municipalities in Saskatchewan and the recent changes to Saskatchewan's property tax assessment scheme were discussed. There are approximately 300 rural municipalities in Saskatchewan, each having its own bylaws and policies. The bylaws and policies dealing with roads and fees are the ones which affect the oil companies the most. From the industry's point of view, the biggest problem is that there is no consistency from one rural municipality to another regarding the rules that oil companies must follow. The Rural Municipalities Act and the Planning and Development Act are the sources of jurisdiction for rural municipalities. These acts allow municipalities to pass zoning bylaws for land use and development restrictions that could prevent or restrict the drilling of wells, the installation of road approaches, the crossing of roads with a pipeline or gas line, and waste disposal, among others. Examples of how the rural municipalities in Saskatchewan are dealing with the oil industry are presented. One factor that rural municipalities sometimes overlook is that trying to coexist peacefully with the oil industry frequently encourages development and keeps taxes down. The property tax reassessment based on the 1989 Rural Municipality Act, the impact of reassessment on rural municipalities, appeals against assessment, 1997 changes to the appeal rules, and major appeal issues in 1997 were also reviewed

DEPENDENCE OF THE MUNICIPALITIES OF MINAS GERAIS IN RELATION TO FPM

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Wellington de Oliveira Massardi

2016-03-01

Full Text Available This research sought to demonstrate the level of dependence of Minas Gerais municipalities on the Municipalities Participation Fund (FPM. To achieve this goal we demonstrated the representativeness of FPM in the financing structure of municipalities, measured by dividing the revenue from FPM and the municipal current revenue. It was found that the level of dependence of the vast majority of municipalities is higher than 50%, ie, the FPM resources represent the main source of municipal funding, especially for those with less than 20,000 inhabitants. Regarding geographical location, it was found that the regions of Zona da Mata and Vale do Rio Doce have the highest concentration of municipalities that have high dependence on FPM. The average population in these municipalities is 3,202 inhabitants, which leads to the conclusion that the dependence of FPM is directly related to the size of the municipality.

Open government and municipalities: Beyond e-governement

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Christian Cruz Meléndez

2017-11-01

Full Text Available This article’s purpose is to analyze egovernment and open government as tolos to strengthen the role of municipal government. It reviews the evolution of both tolos in Mexico and contains a conceptual analysis of both terms to gain an understanding of their meaning and of the reason why they are promoted for the benefit of local governments. Finally, it explores the availability of these tools in the municipalities, and how they contribute to each municipality in the fulfillment of its responsibilities.

Tutela contra sentencias de las altas cortes o choque de vanidades

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Rubén Darío Henao Orozco

2006-01-01

Full Text Available La acción de tutela – o el llamado recurso de amparo o recurso de constitucionalidad- contra sentencias constituye uno de los ejes centrales de todo el sistema de garantía de los derechos 1 fundamentales.” Se limita el tema a la tutela contra sentencias de las Altas Cortes, porque ya es claro y no suscita ninguna controversia, el amparo contra sentencias emanadas por los Tribunales de Distrito Judicial, Contencioso Administrativos y los demás Jueces de la República. En cambio, cuando se produce una acción de tutela que protege derechos fundamentales vulnerados por una sentencia de una Alta Corte, la Corte accionada se rasga las vestiduras y protagoniza el respectivo espectáculo ante los medios de comunicación, y el argumento que inequívocamente trae a cuento en este show publicitario, es que dicha Corporación es un órgano límite y sus competencias emanan de la Constitución Política, además de ser exclusivas y excluyentes.

Possibilities of municipal solid waste incinerator fly ash utilisation.

Science.gov (United States)

Hartmann, Silvie; Koval, Lukáš; Škrobánková, Hana; Matýsek, Dalibor; Winter, Franz; Purgar, Amon

2015-08-01

Properties of the waste treatment residual fly ash generated from municipal solid waste incinerator fly ash were investigated in this study. Six different mortar blends with the addition of the municipal solid waste incinerator fly ash were evaluated. The Portland cement replacement levels of the municipal solid waste incinerator fly ash used were 25%, 30% and 50%. Both, raw and washed municipal solid waste incinerator fly ash samples were examined. According to the mineralogical composition measurements, a 22.6% increase in the pozzolanic/hydraulic properties was observed for the washed municipal solid waste incinerator fly ash sample. The maximum replacement level of 25% for the washed municipal solid waste incinerator fly ash in mortar blends was established in order to preserve the compressive strength properties. Moreover, the leaching characteristics of the crushed mortar blend was analysed in order to examine the immobilisation of its hazardous contents. © The Author(s) 2015.

High efficiency motors; Motores de alta eficiencia

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Uranga Favela, Ivan Jaime [Energia Controlada de Mexico, S. A. de C. V., Mexico, D. F. (Mexico)

1993-12-31

This paper is a technical-financial study of the high efficiency and super-premium motors. As it is widely known, more than 60% of the electrical energy generated in the country is used for the operation of motors, in industry as well as in commerce. Therefore the importance that the motors have in the efficient energy use. [Espanol] El presente trabajo es un estudio tecnico-financiero de los motores de alta eficiencia y los motores super premium. Como es ampliamente conocido, mas del 60% de la energia electrica generada en el pais, es utilizada para accionar motores, dentro de la industria y el comercio. De alli la importancia que los motores tienen en el uso eficiente de la energia.

High efficiency motors; Motores de alta eficiencia

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Uranga Favela, Ivan Jaime [Energia Controlada de Mexico, S. A. de C. V., Mexico, D. F. (Mexico)

1992-12-31

This paper is a technical-financial study of the high efficiency and super-premium motors. As it is widely known, more than 60% of the electrical energy generated in the country is used for the operation of motors, in industry as well as in commerce. Therefore the importance that the motors have in the efficient energy use. [Espanol] El presente trabajo es un estudio tecnico-financiero de los motores de alta eficiencia y los motores super premium. Como es ampliamente conocido, mas del 60% de la energia electrica generada en el pais, es utilizada para accionar motores, dentro de la industria y el comercio. De alli la importancia que los motores tienen en el uso eficiente de la energia.

Impacto de la red de alta velocidad española en el tráfico aéreo

OpenAIRE

Portillo Vallet, Pablo

2009-01-01

El objetivo de este trabajo es el análisis del impacto de la red de Alta Velocidad Española (AVE) sobre el tráfico aéreo peninsular en el horizonte del año 2020. La definición de las futuras líneas de Alta Velocidad se ha obtenido del Plan Estratégico de Infraestructuras y Transportes (PEIT) propuesto por el Ministerio de Fomento.

Municipal service provision in rural communities

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Nørgaard, Helle

EU policies for rural development stress the importance of investments rather than subsidies and aim at integrating different sectoral policies in order to improve the coherence and effectiveness of public expenditure. Policies also emphasize a place-based approach for rural development and thereby...... hierarchies and considering local resources and place bound potentials.  This paper draws on a study of rural municipalities in Denmark examining how service adjustments e.g. closing of local schools are managed by rural municipalities and local communities. The paper further discusses whether rural...... municipalities can plan strategically, manage service provision and support place bound potential in rural communities in light of a competitive framework for local development....

Is Municipal Solid Waste Recycling Economically Efficient?

Science.gov (United States)

Lavee, Doron

2007-12-01

It has traditionally been argued that recycling municipal solid waste (MSW) is usually not economically viable and that only when externalities, long-term dynamic considerations, and/or the entire product life cycle are taken into account, recycling becomes worthwhile from a social point of view. This article explores the results of a wide study conducted in Israel in the years 2000 2004. Our results reveal that recycling is optimal more often than usually claimed, even when externality considerations are ignored. The study is unique in the tools it uses to explore the efficiency of recycling: a computer-based simulation applied to an extensive database. We developed a simulation for assessing the costs of handling and treating MSW under different waste-management systems and used this simulation to explore possible cost reductions obtained by designating some of the waste (otherwise sent to landfill) to recycling. We ran the simulation on data from 79 municipalities in Israel that produce over 60% of MSW in Israel. For each municipality, we were able to arrive at an optimal method of waste management and compare the costs associated with 100% landfilling to the costs born by the municipality when some of the waste is recycled. Our results indicate that for 51% of the municipalities, it would be efficient to adopt recycling, even without accounting for externality costs. We found that by adopting recycling, municipalities would be able to reduce direct costs by an average of 11%. Through interviews conducted with representatives of municipalities, we were also able to identify obstacles to the utilization of recycling, answering in part the question of why actual recycling levels in Israel are lower than our model predicts they should be.

Implementation of health impact assessment in Danish municipal context.

Science.gov (United States)

Kraemer, Stella Rebecca Johnsdatter; Nikolajsen, Louise Theilgaard; Gulis, Gabriel

2014-12-01

Implementation of Health Impact Assessment (HIA) in Danish municipalities has been analyzed using the Roger's Diffusion of Innovation Theory. Municipalities were chosen from among those who presented their health policies on websites according to the status of inclusion of HIA into health policy. Qualitative interviews were conducted in 6 municipalities (3 with HIA inducted in their health policy and 3 without it) gathering information on knowledge and attitudes to HIA, barriers to its implementation, social system and communication channels used or expected to be used for implementation of HIA. No significant differences were found among analyzed municipalities by status of HIA inclusion into health policy. Among barriers; a lack of tools with general validity, a lack of intersectoral working culture, balance between centralized versus participatory way of working and organizational structure of a municipality, and a lack of capacities were enlisted as most relevant. The last one is a crucial factor of an internal social system of a municipality. With regards to communication channels, reporting and presentation skills of implementers and doers are of key importance. Systematic and sustainable capacity building is needed to achieve high level implementation of HIA in Danish municipalities. Development of validated tools, most importantly screening tools with focus on priorities of national public health policy would enhance implementation on municipal level.

Municipal solid waste generation in municipalities: Quantifying impacts of household structure, commercial waste and domestic fuel

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Lebersorger, S.; Beigl, P.

2011-01-01

Waste management planning requires reliable data concerning waste generation, influencing factors on waste generation and forecasts of waste quantities based on facts. This paper aims at identifying and quantifying differences between different municipalities' municipal solid waste (MSW) collection quantities based on data from waste management and on socio-economic indicators. A large set of 116 indicators from 542 municipalities in the Province of Styria was investigated. The resulting regression model included municipal tax revenue per capita, household size and the percentage of buildings with solid fuel heating systems. The model explains 74.3% of the MSW variation and the model assumptions are met. Other factors such as tourism, home composting or age distribution of the population did not significantly improve the model. According to the model, 21% of MSW collected in Styria was commercial waste and 18% of the generated MSW was burned in domestic heating systems. While the percentage of commercial waste is consistent with literature data, practically no literature data are available for the quantity of MSW burned, which seems to be overestimated by the model. The resulting regression model was used as basis for a waste prognosis model (Beigl and Lebersorger, in preparation).

Descentralização e endividamento municipal: formas, limites e possibilidades Decentralization and municipal indebtedness: modes, constraints, and possibilities

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Amaury Patrick Gremaud

2002-01-01

Full Text Available The objective of this article is to discuss alternatives to finance investments by municipalities. In general, current revenues are insufficient to finance large investments, what brings about the necessity of municipal indebtedness. These could assume different manners, according to the nature of the investment: if it is typically public or if it offers private return. For the first case, we discuss the possibilities of a municipal bond market and, for the second, we discuss project finance and the participation of the private sector.

O portador de altas habilidades e sua inclusão na sociedade

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Ana Lucia Batista

2012-04-01

Full Text Available O presente artigo trata da questão dos portadores de altas habilidades e sua inclusão na sociedade. Os portadores de altas habilidades são sujeitos inquiridores, não conformistas e dotados de grande curiosidade o que propicia dificuldades adaptativas, pois a sociedade é não-convencional, apresentando uma resistência natural às diferenças qualitativamente superiores. Cabe portanto à escola possibilitar a integração deste pequeno grupo ao contexto social e uma das maneiras de fazê-lo é estabelecendo um diálogo com o objeto do conhecimento muito bem propiciado pela Filosofia, a qual predispõe a uma busca de questionamentos e resolução de problemas. Através da Filosofia, os alunos participam ativamente da construção do conhecimento - o que é capaz de tornar o ensino prazeroso e desafiador, desenvolvendo desde muito cedo o exercício do pensar e refletir.

Effect of municipal liquid waste on corrosion susceptibility of ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

This investigation studied the effect of municipal liquid waste discharged into the environment within Kano municipal area on the corrosion susceptibility of galvanized steel pipe burial underground. Six stagnant and six moving municipal liquid waste samples were used for the investigation. The corrosion rate of the ...

Densidade de plantas em arroz de terras altas irrigado por aspersão

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Douglas Castilho Gitti

2013-05-01

Full Text Available A utilização da população ideal de plantas no campo, para determinada condição de clima, solo, cultivar e tratos culturais conduz a mais alta produtividade por área. Assim, este experimento objetivou avaliar no município de Selvíria, MS, em solo originalmente sob vegetação de cerrado, quatro cultivares de arroz de terras altas (IAC 202, Primavera, Cirad 141 e Best 2000 e cinco densidades de semeadura (100, 150, 200, 250 e 300 sementes viáveis m-2, irrigados por aspersão, durante os anos agrícolas de 2005/06 e 2006/07. Os cultivares Best 2000, Cirad 141 e IAC 202 são passíveis de indicação para cultivo com irrigação por aspersão. O cultivar Primavera não é recomendado para cultivo com irrigado por aspersão, principalmente em áreas com alta fertilidade do solo, por causa dos altos índices de acamamento. A densidade de 100 sementes viáveis m-2 é a mais indicada para os cultivares avaliados, quando cultivados em condições de irrigação por aspersão. O aumento da densidade de semeadura ocasionou redução no tamanho das panículas. Os cultivares avaliados apresentaram valores adequados de rendimento de benefício e de grãos inteiros.

The Impact of Amalgamations on Services in Icelandic Municipalities

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Grétar Thór Eythórsson

2018-03-01

Full Text Available This article deals with answering the question whether municipal amalgamations can meet the wishes at the root of the most common motives behind them: to gain cost-efficiency and more quality in the municipal services. The analysis is partly based on a survey among Icelandic local leaders in 2015 and partly on survey among citizens in 8 recently amalgamated municipalities collected with a snowball method through Facebook in the spring and summer 2013. The main results are that the impact of amalgamations on municipal services seems to depend on whether we look at the central or peripheral parts of the municipality. Both leaders and citizens seem to perceive developments of services differently depending on the position in the municipality. In the peripheries, they have significantly more negative view than in the service centres. This has to do with both their evaluation of specific services and their general evaluation of service development. However, in the general evaluation the difference is significantly larger.

75 FR 54465 - Temporary Registration of Municipal Advisors

Science.gov (United States)

2010-09-08

... derivatives, guaranteed investment contracts, and the recommendation of and brokerage of municipal escrow... concerning guaranteed investment contracts, (4) recommendation and/or brokerage of municipal escrow...

Optimization of energy planning strategies in municipalities

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Petersen, Jens-Phillip

approach, suffers from insufficient information, tools and resources. Municipalities are often unable to take on a steering role in community energy planning. To overcome these barriers and guide municipalities in the pre-project phase, a decision-support methodology, based on community energy profiles...

Determinants of municipal solid waste management in Portugal

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Ana Luísa Mota Freitas

2016-07-01

Full Text Available Municipal solid waste management has been a topic of interest of several authors over time, in particular the implementation and maintenance of waste collection programmes. Initially, pioneering studies focused on the economic aspects of the provided services. However, many authors later argued the costs of providing solid waste collection services should also be influenced by socio-economic and behavioural factors, exogenous to the municipalities. The present study will be developed in this context, looking, more broadly, to explain the factors influencing the decision-making of the Portuguese municipalities in implementing and maintaining programs of selective collection of solid waste, considering the economic, financial, technological and sociodemographic factors. The results show that, indeed as presented by several authors before, economic factors aren’t the only determinants that influence municipal costs concerning these services, as demographic, geographic and technological factors must be taken into account. Moreover, the enforced legislation also impacts the municipal costs due to municipalities being obliged to contribute to the success of these collection programs in order to fulfil the waste recovery targets. This implies that the costs of these services and the inherent infrastructures are usually financed by its citizens in the form of utilization taxes and also the state.

LEAP: local environmental action plan. Municipality of Sopishte

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

2004-01-01

The establishment of the Municipality of Sopishte was preceded by the development of a kind of suburban settlement of Skopje, basically composed of illegally constructed individual houses for living. As a result from economic activities in the Municipality and the impacts from human factor, there are problems related to the disturbance of the quality of the basic environmental quality factors (water, air and soil), as well as threat to biological diversity and natural values and rarities. The Municipality of Sopishte is situated in hilly-mountain area. Significant sources of air pollution have not been recorded (in terms of industrial facilities) caused by the household neglectible air pollution caused by traffic. The Municipality is very poor in water resources. Almost 90% of the Municipality's territory are without river or stream. A potential source of water supply in this area is the river of Patishka, which is currently not used for water supply purposes. The solid waste, generated basically by the households, is not properly disposed (most frequently dumped on illegal dumping sites on the territory of the Municipality) and represents a serious problem making impacts on the quality of the environment. On the basis of the evaluation of identified environmental problems, priority activities required to be undertaken in short and medium term have been set up. Financial constrains have been taken into account in this regard. The proposed Action Plan reflects the observed needs of the population of the Municipality of Sopishte and the perception of the key problems

A single-step simultaneous protein staining procedure for polyacrylamide gels and nitrocellulose membranes by Alta during western blot analysis.

Science.gov (United States)

Pal, Jayanta K; Berwal, Sunil K; Soni, Rupali N

2012-01-01

A simple method for staining of proteins simultaneously on sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) polyacrylamide gels and nitrocellulose membranes by Alta during western blot analysis is described. A 5% solution of Alta, a commercially available cosmetic preparation, is added in the upper tank buffer during electrophoresis. On completion of electrophoresis, the gel is washed in distilled water and viewed on a white light plate and a transilluminator to photograph the protein profiles. The gel is processed for western blot transfer of proteins onto a nitrocellulose membrane, and upon completion, the protein profiles on the membrane are viewed and photographed as stated above. The membrane can then be processed for immunostaining as per the standard procedure. Thus, the staining procedure using Alta is simple, rapid (without any need of destaining), and cost-effective.

Implementation of health impact assessment in Danish municipal context

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Kraemer, Stella R. J.; Nikolajsen, Louise Theilgaard; Gulis, Gabriel

2014-01-01

. Conclusions: Systematic and sustainable capacity building is needed to achieve high level implementation of HIA in Danish municipalities. Development of validated tools, most importantly screening tools with focus on priorities of national public health policy would enhance implementation on municipal level.......Aims: Implementation of Health Impact Assessment (HIA) in Danish municipalities has been analyzed using the Roger's Diffusion of Innovation Theory. Municipalities were chosen from among those who presented their health policies on websites according to the status of inclusion of HIA into health...... policy. Methods: Qualitative interviews were conducted in 6 municipalities (3 with HIA inducted in their health policy and 3 without it) gathering information on knowledge and attitudes to HIA, barriers to its implementation, social system and communication channels used or expected to be used...

Municipal solid waste generation in municipalities: quantifying impacts of household structure, commercial waste and domestic fuel.

Science.gov (United States)

Lebersorger, S; Beigl, P

2011-01-01

Waste management planning requires reliable data concerning waste generation, influencing factors on waste generation and forecasts of waste quantities based on facts. This paper aims at identifying and quantifying differences between different municipalities' municipal solid waste (MSW) collection quantities based on data from waste management and on socio-economic indicators. A large set of 116 indicators from 542 municipalities in the Province of Styria was investigated. The resulting regression model included municipal tax revenue per capita, household size and the percentage of buildings with solid fuel heating systems. The model explains 74.3% of the MSW variation and the model assumptions are met. Other factors such as tourism, home composting or age distribution of the population did not significantly improve the model. According to the model, 21% of MSW collected in Styria was commercial waste and 18% of the generated MSW was burned in domestic heating systems. While the percentage of commercial waste is consistent with literature data, practically no literature data are available for the quantity of MSW burned, which seems to be overestimated by the model. The resulting regression model was used as basis for a waste prognosis model (Beigl and Lebersorger, in preparation). Copyright © 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Predicting on-site environmental impacts of municipal engineering works

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Gangolells, Marta; Casals, Miquel; Forcada, Núria; Macarulla, Marcel

2014-01-01

The research findings fill a gap in the body of knowledge by presenting an effective way to evaluate the significance of on-site environmental impacts of municipal engineering works prior to the construction stage. First, 42 on-site environmental impacts of municipal engineering works were identified by means of a process-oriented approach. Then, 46 indicators and their corresponding significance limits were determined on the basis of a statistical analysis of 25 new-build and remodelling municipal engineering projects. In order to ensure the objectivity of the assessment process, direct and indirect indicators were always based on quantitative data from the municipal engineering project documents. Finally, two case studies were analysed and found to illustrate the practical use of the proposed model. The model highlights the significant environmental impacts of a particular municipal engineering project prior to the construction stage. Consequently, preventive actions can be planned and implemented during on-site activities. The results of the model also allow a comparison of proposed municipal engineering projects and alternatives with respect to the overall on-site environmental impact and the absolute importance of a particular environmental aspect. These findings are useful within the framework of the environmental impact assessment process, as they help to improve the identification and evaluation of on-site environmental aspects of municipal engineering works. The findings may also be of use to construction companies that are willing to implement an environmental management system or simply wish to improve on-site environmental performance in municipal engineering projects. -- Highlights: • We present a model to predict the environmental impacts of municipal engineering works. • It highlights significant on-site environmental impacts prior to the construction stage. • Findings are useful within the environmental impact assessment process. • They also

Predicting on-site environmental impacts of municipal engineering works

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Gangolells, Marta, E-mail: marta.gangolells@upc.edu; Casals, Miquel, E-mail: miquel.casals@upc.edu; Forcada, Núria, E-mail: nuria.forcada@upc.edu; Macarulla, Marcel, E-mail: marcel.macarulla@upc.edu

2014-01-15

The research findings fill a gap in the body of knowledge by presenting an effective way to evaluate the significance of on-site environmental impacts of municipal engineering works prior to the construction stage. First, 42 on-site environmental impacts of municipal engineering works were identified by means of a process-oriented approach. Then, 46 indicators and their corresponding significance limits were determined on the basis of a statistical analysis of 25 new-build and remodelling municipal engineering projects. In order to ensure the objectivity of the assessment process, direct and indirect indicators were always based on quantitative data from the municipal engineering project documents. Finally, two case studies were analysed and found to illustrate the practical use of the proposed model. The model highlights the significant environmental impacts of a particular municipal engineering project prior to the construction stage. Consequently, preventive actions can be planned and implemented during on-site activities. The results of the model also allow a comparison of proposed municipal engineering projects and alternatives with respect to the overall on-site environmental impact and the absolute importance of a particular environmental aspect. These findings are useful within the framework of the environmental impact assessment process, as they help to improve the identification and evaluation of on-site environmental aspects of municipal engineering works. The findings may also be of use to construction companies that are willing to implement an environmental management system or simply wish to improve on-site environmental performance in municipal engineering projects. -- Highlights: • We present a model to predict the environmental impacts of municipal engineering works. • It highlights significant on-site environmental impacts prior to the construction stage. • Findings are useful within the environmental impact assessment process. • They also

The Wall-Rock Record of Incremental Emplacement in the Little Cottonwood-Alta Magmatic and Hydrothermal System, Wasatch Mountains, Utah, U.S.A.

Science.gov (United States)

Stearns, M.; Callis, S.; Beno, C.; Bowman, J. R.; Bartley, J. M.

2017-12-01

Contact aureoles record the cumulative effects on wall rocks of magma emplacement. Like the plutons they surround, contact aureoles have long been regarded to form geologically instantaneously. Protracted incremental emplacement of plutons must be reconciled with the wall-rock record of heat and mass transfer. Fundamental questions include how heat and material move from intrusions into their aureoles and how long that process takes. The Little Cottonwood stock is surrounded by a 2 km-wide contact aureole that contains prograde AFM mineral assemblages in the pelitic layers of the Proterozoic Big Cottonwood Formation. The Alta stock is surrounded by a well characterized 1 km-wide contact aureole containing both prograde AFM and CMS mineral assemblages in Ophir Shale and Mississippian dolostones, respectively. Understanding the petrogenesis of these aureoles requires the timing of magmatism and wall-rock metamorphism to be independently determined. Preliminary petrochronology (U/Th-Pb dates and trace element concentrations collected by LASS-ICP-MS) from the inner aureoles of both intrusions establishes a protracted history of monazite (re)crystallization from 35-25 Ma in the Little Cottonwood aureole and 35 Ma in the Alta aureole. Little Cottonwood aureole monazites are characterized by a positive age correlation with heavy rare earth elements (HREE) and a negative correlation with Eu/Eu*. Alta aureole monazites have a similar range of the HREE concentrations and Eu/Eu* variation. Zircon growth interpreted to record emplacement-level magmatic crystallization of the western Little Cottonwood stock ranges from 33-28 Ma near the contact. Multi-grain U-Pb zircon TIMS dates from the Alta stock range from 35-33 Ma and are interpreted to suggest the full range of emplacement-level magmatism in the Alta stock. Additionally, in situ U-Pb titanite dates from the Alta stock record intermittent high temperature hydrothermal activity in the stock margin from 35-24 Ma. These new

Obtenção do cermet Ni-ZrO2 por moagem de alta energia

OpenAIRE

Douglas Will Leite

2010-01-01

A obtenção do Cermet de níquel-zircônia via moagem de alta energia (Mechanical Alloying MA) foi estudado visando a preparação de anodos de células a combustível de óxido sólido (SOFC). O níquel metálico foi adicionado em três concentrações: 30, 40 e 50% em volume. As operações de moagem foram conduzidas em moinho vibratório de alta energia do tipo SPEX. Estudou-se a influência do tempo de moagem, a eficiência de aditivos para controle do processo, tipo e geometria dos potes de moagem. A infl...

Centralisation and decentralisation in strategic municipal energy planning in Denmark

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Sperling, Karl; Hvelplund, Frede; Mathiesen, Brian Vad

2011-01-01

Denmark's future energy system is to be entirely based on renewable energy sources. Municipalities will play an important role as local energy planning authorities in terms of adopting and refining this vision in different local contexts. Based on a review of 11 municipal energy plans, this paper examines to what extent municipal energy planning matches national 100% renewable energy strategies. The results indicate a willingness among Danish municipalities to actively carry out energy planning, and the plans reveal a large diversity of (new) activities. At the same time, however, there is a strong need for better coordination of municipal energy planning activities at the central level. It is suggested that the role of municipalities as energy planning authorities needs to be outlined more clearly in, e.g., strategic energy planning which integrates savings, efficiency and renewable energy in all (energy) sectors. This requires the state to provide municipalities with the necessary planning instruments and establish a corresponding planning framework. Consequently, there is a need for a simultaneous centralisation and decentralisation during the implementation of the 100% renewable energy vision. The paper outlines a basic division of tasks between the central and the local level within such a strategic energy planning system. - Research highlights: → There is a large variety of energy-related activities in the 11 municipal energy and climate plans. → Only few plans contain all relevant sectors and activities in relation to a 100% RES. → Neglected areas are private transport, system regulation/integration and private buildings. → There is an acute need for coordination of municipal energy planning at the central level. → Strategic energy planning should integrate national policy with municipal energy planning.

STATE RESOURCES AS AN AXIS OF MUNICIPAL DEVELOPMENT IN MISIONES

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

José, Garzón Maceda

2010-01-01

Full Text Available This article aims to present a proposal from which one seeks to promote economic and human development in the municipalities of Misiones by means of the creation of a municipal internet by implementing more efficient application criteria for the resources.The paper provides a short outline of the theoretical framework where the proposal is set out, which has three pillars: the theory of decentralization, the municipal and the association theory.Having established this, one examines the legal framework of the municipalities in the National Constitution, the Misiones Constitution and specific laws which regulate the municipal performance, and then move towards the study of the current situation of the municipalities, focusing on financial resources of 17 municipalities in the province of Misiones.After this brief diagnosis we enter fully into the proposal to be developed in depth: detailing the players involved, their funding sources, their objectives, the executive body through which they will implement the program and the assignation criteria of allocation of resources recommended so that the implementation of the proposal be efficient.

Electricity production from municipal solid waste in Brazil.

Science.gov (United States)

Nordi, Guilherme Henrique; Palacios-Bereche, Reynaldo; Gallego, Antonio Garrido; Nebra, Silvia Azucena

2017-07-01

Brazil has an increasing production of municipal solid waste that, allied to the current waste management system, makes the search for alternatives of energy recovery essential. Thus, this work aims to study the incineration of municipal solid waste and the electricity production through steam cycles evaluating the influence of municipal solid waste composition. Several scenarios were studied, in which it was assumed that some fractions of municipal solid waste were removed previously. The municipal solid waste generated in Santo André city, São Paulo State, Brazil, was adopted for this study. Simulation results showed that the removal of organic matter and inert components impacts advantageously on the cycle performance, improving their parameters in some cases; in addition, there is the possibility of reusing the separated fractions. The separation of some recyclables, as plastic material, showed disadvantages by the reduction in the electricity generation potential owing to the high calorific value of plastics. Despite the high energy content of them, there are other possible considerations on this subject, because some plastics have a better recovery potential by recycling.

PROMOÇÃO DA SAÚDE ÀS GENITORAS DE BEBÊS PREMATUROS: AÇÃO DA ENFERMAGEM NA ALTA HOSPITALAR

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Anailza De Souza Duarte

2010-01-01

Full Text Available La prematuridad es la principal causa de hospitalización en las unidades neonatales configurada como problema de salud pública. Tuvo como objetivo conocer el punto de vista del equipo de enfermería sobre la ejecución de acciones con las madres ante el alta hospitalaria del prematuro. Se trata de un estudio cualitativo, llevado a cabo en un hospital de Barbalha-CE, Brasil, con doce miembros del equipo de enfermería que atienden madres de bebés prematuros en la unidad citada, en 2008. Los datos obtenidos fueron analizados mediante la categorización de las pláticas y el método de análisis de contenido. Surgieron a partir del estudio los siguientes temas: preparación materna para el alta del prematuro; orientaciones de enfermería para el cuidado con el prematuro y dificultades en la preparación de la madre para el alta del prematuro. Se comprobó que la realización de la Educación en la Salud para el alta hospitalaria del bebé prematuro es importante para el desarrollo de la confianza materna al tener que cuidar a su hijo, lo que influye en la calidad de vida después del alta hospitalaria.

CITIZENSHIP, DEMOCRACY Y DEMANDA OF NEW MUNICIPALITIES IN SINALOA

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Jesús López-Estrada

2016-01-01

Full Text Available This paper proposes the construction of citizenship and democracy in the cities of Eldorado in Culiacán municipality and Juan José Ríos in the Guasave municipality. In the processes, the following elements are present: the different social culture identities that it has built the citizens of rural communities and citizens who reside in main town of the municipality, feeling of injustice generated in largely of citizens by deficient municipality public service; and struggle for the extension and political rights. Analyzing the information provided by the social actors who have participated in these lawsuits is complemented.

Allocation of home care services by municipalities in Norway: a document analysis.

Science.gov (United States)

Holm, Solrun G; Mathisen, Terje A; Sæterstrand, Torill M; Brinchmann, Berit S

2017-09-22

In Norway, elder care is primarily a municipal responsibility. Municipal health services strive to offer the 'lowest level of effective care,' and home healthcare services are defined as the lowest level of care in Norway. Municipalities determine the type(s) of service and the amount of care applicants require. The services granted are outlined in an individual decision letter, which serves as a contract between the municipality and the home healthcare recipient. The purpose of this study was to gain insight into the scope and duration of home healthcare services allocated by municipalities and to determine where home care recipients live in relation to home healthcare service offices. A document analysis was performed on data derived from 833 letters to individuals allocated home care services in two municipalities in Northern Norway (Municipality A = 500 recipients, Municipality B = 333 recipients). In Municipality A, 74% of service hours were allotted to home health nursing, 12% to practical assistance, and 14% to support contact; in Municipality B, the distribution was 73%, 19%, and 8%, respectively. Both municipalities allocated home health services with no service end date (41% and 85% of the total services, respectively). Among recipients of "expired" services, 25% in Municipality A and 7% in Municipality B continued to receive assistance. Our findings reveal that the municipalities adhered to the goal for home care recipients to remain at home as long as possible before moving into a nursing home. The findings also indicate that the system for allocating home healthcare services may not be fair, as the municipalities lacked procedures for revising individual decisions. Our findings indicate that local authorities should closely examine how they design individual decisions and increase their awareness of how long a service should be provided.

SOCIAL AUDIT OF THE MUNICIPAL SYSTEM OF GENERAL EDUCATION

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

T. I. Zerchaninova

2013-01-01

Full Text Available The paper deals with the theory and practice of social audit of the municipal system of general education. The authors have developed a conceptual model of social audit to accurately identify both the short- and long-term development prospects of the given system. The paper describes the social audit procedures in Berezovsky municipal district of Sverdlovsk region including four stages: the content analysis of municipal documents concerning the development strategy of the general education system, diagnosis of the current conditions and problems, effectiveness evaluation of the municipal system of general education, and practical  recommendations for improving the education quality. The above mentioned audit demonstrates that the indices of education development are unsystematically tracked, obstructing therefore the adjustment process. To solve the given problems the following measures are recommended: personnel policy development, creating the regional managerial reserve and organizing management workshops, informing the teachers about the modern educational tools, and updating the municipal program of the «Educational System Development of Berezovsky Municipal District for 20011–20015». However, the above suggestions target only the current problems disregarding the challenges of tomorrow which require the advancing strategy. In authors’ opinion, the main emphasis should be re-placed on the quality improvement of the municipal educational services instead of the infrastructure reinforcement. 

SOCIAL AUDIT OF THE MUNICIPAL SYSTEM OF GENERAL EDUCATION

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

T. I. Zerchaninova

2015-03-01

Full Text Available The paper deals with the theory and practice of social audit of the municipal system of general education. The authors have developed a conceptual model of social audit to accurately identify both the short- and long-term development prospects of the given system. The paper describes the social audit procedures in Berezovsky municipal district of Sverdlovsk region including four stages: the content analysis of municipal documents concerning the development strategy of the general education system, diagnosis of the current conditions and problems, effectiveness evaluation of the municipal system of general education, and practical  recommendations for improving the education quality. The above mentioned audit demonstrates that the indices of education development are unsystematically tracked, obstructing therefore the adjustment process. To solve the given problems the following measures are recommended: personnel policy development, creating the regional managerial reserve and organizing management workshops, informing the teachers about the modern educational tools, and updating the municipal program of the «Educational System Development of Berezovsky Municipal District for 20011–20015». However, the above suggestions target only the current problems disregarding the challenges of tomorrow which require the advancing strategy. In authors’ opinion, the main emphasis should be re-placed on the quality improvement of the municipal educational services instead of the infrastructure reinforcement. 

Decoro, engenho e maravilha nos largos e igrejas de Santa Bárbara e Catas Altas Decorum, wit and wonder on villages, squares and churches of Santa Bárbara and Catas Altas (Brazil

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Rodrigo Almeida Bastos

2011-12-01

Full Text Available O texto é a base da palestra itinerante que encerrou a II Semana de Música Antiga da UFMG (entre 27/10 e 02/11/2009. A palestra se realizou em visita comentada aos povoados, largos e igrejas de Santa Bárbara e Catas Altas, onde foram analisados aspectos como a implantação no sítio, planta, frontispícios e ornamentação, que conformaram sua formosura, seu engenho e sua maravilha.The text is the basis of the speech that closed the Second Week of Early Music of UFMG. The lecture took place in the shape of commented visits to squares and churches of Santa Barbara and Catas Altas (Brazil, analyzing issues such as eployment of the site, blueprint, façades and ornamentation, which shaped their beauty, their wit and their wonder.

European municipalities and the liberalized energy market

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

2002-04-01

Municipalities are directly affected by the liberalization of the energy markets. Because they all consume or even produce energy, whether it be for their own consumption or to resell it, they often distribute gas, electricity or heat, they plan urban areas and organize the energy networks on their territory, while in addition citizens expect municipalities to inform them and even protect them against the possible excesses of energy salesmen. Elected representatives administrations, local agencies, municipal companies, citizens' associations etc., all have to innovate. This supplement to Energie-Cites INFO is intended to provide you with practical information and further analyses of the liberalization process. (authors)

An Exploration into the Municipal Capacity to Finance Capital Infrastructure

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Almos T. Tassony

2015-11-01

Full Text Available Municipal governments own and maintain two-thirds of Canada’s stock of public infrastructure. This burden is met by municipalities within the parameters afforded to them by their respective provinces. As a result, municipalities throughout the country rely on three primary revenue streams: issuing debt, financing from dedicated revenue and transfers from higher levels of government. At the same time, strict rules on borrowing, sometimes self-imposed, have left municipalities with considerable unrealized borrowing capacity. Importantly, a shift towards increased borrowing, away from a reliance on intergovernmental grants, would reinforce the linkage between local government spending and accountability and keep spending priorities in order. This paper focuses on infrastructure spending in Alberta and Ontario to illuminate how municipalities in both provinces cope with demands to provide capital- and labour-intensive programs and services. In both provinces, transportation, environmental services and recreation and culture comprise the bulk of infrastructure expenditure. In Ontario, as of 2013, 18 of the largest municipalities held assets valued at $111.8 billion. After accumulated depreciation, those assets are now estimated to be worth $73.8 billion, having lost $38 billion in value since their acquisition — although municipalities’ diligence varies. Mississauga has preserved 82.6 per cent of its assets’ original cost; Thunder Bay has only managed 45.6 per cent. In Alberta, 21 of the largest municipalities held assets valued at $51.7 billion in 2013, although thanks to depreciation, their value is now estimated at $37.8 billion. Again, there is significant variability between municipalities, with Wood Buffalo having preserved 98.6 per cent of its assets’ original value, and Crowsnest Pass with 43.9 per cent. In both provinces, the older the municipality and the weaker its fiscal capacity, the lower the net book value of its capital

Better Regulation and Public Procurement in Slovenian Municipalities

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Maja KLUN

2013-02-01

Full Text Available The reduction of administrative burdens is a measure to improve regulatory quality. Most measures are directed towards reducing barriers for business while the issue of regulation inside government is not often posed. The research carried out in 2010 was intended to investigate how Slovenian municipalities and others in the public sector perceive measures to reduce administrative burdens and the areas in which they consider regulations to present the greatest burden. Results have shown that public procurement regulations are the greatest burden for municipalities and the public sector as a whole. Further research indicates which public procurement procedures municipalities used most often and what benefits they perceive in the amended legislation. Results indicate that most municipalities use open procedures most often, which procedurally is the most complex.

Estabilidad y funcionalidad de sellantes dentales en altas temperaturas ambientales

OpenAIRE

Mishina, Anastasia; Mayelín Guerra, Rosa; Durán Ramos, Ivette; Sabatier, Juan D.

2000-01-01

Los sellantes dentales son materiales que se emplean en estomatología para sellar las fosas y fisuras oclusales de los dientes y evitar la adherencia del estreptococus mutans agente que produce la caries dental. Estos materiales se suministran en dos partes que al mezclarse producen el endurecimiento de la resina. Sin embargo, estos productos presentan dificultades para su comercialización en los países tropicales, debido a que las altas temperaturas ambientales traen problemas en...

Final repository for spent nuclear fuel - the role of the municipality

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Berggren, Marie; Lindfors, Virpi; Andersson Oehrn, Barbro; Alm, Bertil; Soederblom, Anna-Lena; Berggren, Marie; Lindfors, Virpi

2014-01-01

In Sweden there is a long tradition of local self-government which is enshrined within the Swedish constitution, and the municipalities are responsible for matters relating to its inhabitants and their immediate environment. The municipality of Oesthammar has been engaged in the project of final repository for spent nuclear fuel since 1995 and by that time a consultative committee was established with representatives from all the political parties within the municipality and neighbouring municipalities. Future potentials as well as threats must be considered when making decisions on the most favourable site and the method used for the disposal of nuclear waste, and the application from SKB, as well as the review by the authorities, must stand up to a number of public demands. The work has included several stages of decisions for the municipality, due to the site selection process for SKB. The dialogue between the municipality and SKB as well as between the municipality and the authorities has been of great importance for getting the stepwise decision making process that has become practice in this question. The municipality has intensively followed the process concerning establishment of a final repository through consultation meetings, by being observer on meetings between SKB and Swedish Radiation Safety Authority (SSM), seminars, statements, etc. The openness and transparency throughout the process has been essential between all actors. However, if the municipalities have a right of absolute veto, the government still can say yes even if the municipality has said no

Municipal energy managers; Responsables energie municipaux

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2004-07-01

On 1 and 2 July, municipal energy managers from all over Europe met in Stuttgart, Germany. On these two days, more the 150 participants form 22 countries listened to presentations, took part in excursions to cutting-edge energy conservation projects in Stuttgart and, above all, participated in a broad array of workshops presented by experts firmly grounded in local practice. 27 experts drawn from 11 European countries showcased their projects and imparted their experience. The event has been accompanied by an exhibition of companies and service providers offering energy-conservation products and planning services. The first workshop dealt with energy management in Europe and examples from different active municipalities; the second one with energy management in Germany and best practice in the leading cities; the third one with non-municipal and European projects. (A.L.B.)

Local Self-Government Financing and Costs of Municipality in Slovenia

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Zan Jan OPLOTNIK

2012-10-01

Full Text Available This research paper focuses on the compliance of the actual system of financing local selfgovernment in Slovenia with the basic principles of the theory of decentralization and guidelines of the European Charter of Local Self-Government. It addresses the level of costs coverage within the municipal competence by using the allocated appropriate expenditure resources calculated according to the Law of Financing Municipality Act. The purpose of the paper is, therefore, to look for an answer to the question whether and to what extent the obtained funds correspond to the actual workload that municipalities have for performing statutory tasks and for exercising their competences. Analysis shows that, on an aggregate level, these actual systems ensure enough resources for local governments to cover their actual costs and current expenditures; some groups of municipalities, e.g. larger urban municipalities, municipalities with large proportions of elderly people etc. are faced with lack of funding, according to the actual costs data available, while other groups of municipalities receive more funds than they need.

Electric energy management - basis for a municipal public politics; Gestao da energia eletrica - bases para uma politica publica municipal

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Kurahassi, Luiz Fernando

2006-07-01

Electricity is an input whose impact on the costs of the municipal public services varies according to the manner it is used and to the way it is obtained from the supplying company. The management of its use results in savings and in greater efficiency and quality of the delivered services - including the public lighting - besides, it softens environmental impacts and develops actions to orientate society towards energy-efficient consumption habits. The public sector has a significant share in the electricity final consumption in Brazil, trending to increase, but a room for consumption reduction and increase in energy efficiency can be seen in the municipalities. The purpose of this thesis is to identify concepts and set parameters that can be the basis of a public policy on electrical power management at the ambit of municipality. This paper reports a series of theoretical studies and empirical researches concerning the efficient use of electrical power in public services in cities of different countries and analyses the results reached from the application of models that successively work in the reality of cities from the Sao Paulo metropolitan area. It concludes that the municipality must play a role much more relevant than being a simple institutional electricity consumer, by proposing the basis for an intervention in the municipal reality. (author)

IMPLICACIONES Y COSTO-EFECTIVIDAD DEL ALTA TEMPRANA DEL BINOMIO MADRE-HIJO DESPUÉS DE UN PARTO NORMAL

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Juan David Rueda

2015-03-01

Full Text Available Introducción: Se revisó la literatura internacional sobre alta temprana (24-48 horas y su relación con complicaciones, para elaborar un modelo de costo-efectividad en recién nacidos, por parto vaginal a término no complicado, comparándola con ultratemprana (&24 horas que incluya un programa de control posnatal organizado que permita evaluar a la madre y al bebe a las 48- 72 horas. Materiales y métodos: Se diseñó un árbol de decisión para un hospital que preste servicio de obstetricia, desde la perspectiva del sistema de salud colombiano. El horizonte de tiempo fue el periodo neonatal (primer mes de vida extrauterina. La efectividad fue medida en los siguientes desenlaces: reconsultas evitadas y hospitalizaciones evitadas. Resultados: Se estima que cada año nacen 336.000 niños por partos vaginales a término. Cada día de reducción de estancia hospitalaria implicaría 29 mil millones de pesos de ahorro para el sistema de salud colombiano. Comparada con el alta temprana ($88.015 el alta ultratemprana cuesta más ($93.129 y se asocia con una mayor tasa de hospitalización (55 incrementales por cada 1000 y de reconsultas (320 adicionales por cada 1000. Conclusión: Un alta ultratemprana se justificaría solo si se cumpliera con una detallada lista de chequeo para garantizar que el ahorro para el sistema no se traduzca en mayores complicaciones para la madre y el niño.

The Development of Brazilian Municipalities Flooded by Hydropower Plants

Science.gov (United States)

Araujo, N.; Moretto, E. M.; Roquetti, D. R.; Beduschi, L. C.; Praia, A.; Pulice, S.; Albiach, E.; Athayde, S.

2016-12-01

Hydropower plants cause negative environmental impacts during the phases of construction and operation. On the other hand, there is a general assumption that these projects also induce local development of the affected places, since there is a great influx of social and financial capital brought locally, especially during the construction phase the relationship between hydropower plant implementation s and local development has been controversial in the Environmental Impact Assessment field, and there is no empirical evidence showing how hydroelectric dam construction affects local development. Considering municipal development as a kind of local development and operationalizing the concept of human development by adopting income, longevity and education dimensions defined by Amartya Sen, this study aimed to verify empirical evidences regarding the role of hydropower plants in human development of their flooded municipalities in Brazil. For this, we considered 134 hydroelectric plants and correspondent 641 flooded municipalities, for which 155 human development indicators were obtained for the period of 2000 to 2010. Results obtained from statistical correlation analysis and their assumption tests showed that increases in the municipal flooded area and increases in the period of flooding - to which a given municipality is submitted - were associated with lower performances of human development indicators. Specifically, increases in social inequality, poverty and lower performances of longevity and education were detected for the flooded municipalities. We also found that the financial compensation was associated with better performance of municipal income and lower performances of education and longevity. Finally, approaching the growth poles theory of François Perroux and the productive linkages theory of Albert Hirschman, we suggest that the size of the flooded areas, the flooding period and the financial compensation may lead to an enclave situation in

Gneiss Macuira: tectonic evolution of Paleozoic metamorphic rocks of the Alta Guajira, Colombia

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Lopez I; A Julian; Zuluaga C; A, Carlos

2012-01-01

The Macuira Gneiss is a Paleozoic metamorphic unit that outcrops in the Simarua, Jarara and Macuira ranges, Alta Guajira. It is composed by a lithologies metamorphosed under amphibolite facies P-T conditions and consist of amphibolitic and quartz feldspathic gneisses, amphibolites, schists, pegmatites, calc-silicated rocks and marbles, with migmatization evidences in gneisses and amphibolites. Five foliations (S1-5) and three folding events (F1-3) were identified and interpreted as product of two metamorphic events, developed in a progressive barrovian metamorphic gradient of intermediate pressure with intermediate P-T ratio, interpreted as product of continental collision tectonics. This unit is important in understanding of the tectonic evolution of the Alta Guajira and Caribbean because it records different deformational phases pre-, syn- and post-migmatitic, that could be related with different tectonic episodes: the first associated with the collision between Laurasia and Gondwana (Alleghanian Orogeny - Late Paleozoic), and the second related with the Caribbean Plate evolution (Andean Orogeny - Meso-Cenozoic).

Removal of Alkylphenols from Industrial and Municipal Wastewater

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

J. Derco

2017-07-01

Full Text Available The results of the study of removal of nonylphenol, octylphenol and their ethoxylates from real industrial and municipal wastewater are presented. Industrial wastewater was pre-treated by coagulation with FeCl3 and adsorption on zeolite, before discharging into municipal sewer system. Their removal efficiencies in primary sedimentation tank of municipal WWTP were very low. From the practical point of view, the highest and the most significant removal efficiencies within the whole WWTP were observed for nonylphenol and nonylphenol ethoxylates. Dominancy of abiotic mechanisms of alkylphenols removal follows from adsorption measurements. Activated sludge cultivated in lab-scale extended aeration tank accounted for relatively high adsorption affinity to these substances. Activated sludge sampled from municipal wastewater treatment plant (MWWTP receiving industrial wastewater containing alkylphenols accounted for very low adsorption affinity to these pollutants. Significantly higher removal efficiency of octylphenol ethoxylates was observed with the O3/granular active carbon (GAC process compared to the ozonation process alone. Lower toxicity impact of intermediates and products of ozonation treatment on Vibrio fischeri was measured in comparison to the O3/GAC process. Actually, the municipal WWTP effluent discharge concentration values complies with EQS values, including nonylphenols.

Municipalities as promoters of energy efficient buildings

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Quitzau, Maj-Britt; Hoffmann, Birgitte; Elle, Morten

Planning authorities generally experience difficulties in disseminating energy efficient technologies in the built environment. Although planning authorities formulate objectives to promote energy efficient build-ings, these objectives often turn out to be declarations of intent, since the author......Planning authorities generally experience difficulties in disseminating energy efficient technologies in the built environment. Although planning authorities formulate objectives to promote energy efficient build-ings, these objectives often turn out to be declarations of intent, since...... with practitioners in the building sector at the local level. The aim of this report is to look into municipal efforts to promote energy efficient buildings to learn from their experiences: What types of challenges are municipalities facing, when attempting to disseminate energy efficient technologies in local...... building projects through municipal planning practices, and how do they cope with these challenges? The report is based on an in-depth study of proactive planning practices performed by municipal partners in the Class 1 project and a series of experiences, strategies and instru-ments are identified...

Hidalgo: la disputa en la aldea municipal en 2016 / Hidalgo: Contention in the Municipal Village in 2016

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Pablo Vargas González

2018-01-01

Full Text Available En 2016, en el estado de Hidalgo concurrió, por primera vez, la renovación de la gubernatura con la del Congreso y los ayuntamientos. De los comicios realizados, por las características específicas de la competencia, las elecciones de los 84 ayuntamientos fueron las que resultaron más atractivas y competitivas, y, a su vez, las que mayores conflictos presentaron, pues mostraron la disputa real por el poder, más allá de los partidos contendientes, entre actores políticos y grupos sociales. El objetivo principal de este trabajo es analizar las particularidades de la elección municipal, es decir, las condiciones, los actores y los resultados. / The first time there were concurrent elections in Hidalgo (governorship, Congress and municipalities was in 2016. Within all the electoral processes and due to the specific features of contest, elections in the 84 municipalities proved to be the most attractive and contentious ones, while presenting the largest conflicts, as they revealed the real struggle for power beyond contending parties- among political actors and social groups. The main goal of this paper is to examine the peculiarities of municipal elections, in other words, their conditions, actors and results.

First record of Hesperolabops nigriceps Reuter (Hemiptera: Miridae) on Opuntia ficus-indica in Milpa Alta, Mexico City.

Science.gov (United States)

Palomares-Pérez, Martín; Rodríguez-Leyva, Esteban; Brailovsky, Harry; Ramírez-Alarcón, Samuel

2010-01-01

In recent years a species of Hesperolabops has become a problem as a pest of nopalitos, Opuntia ficus-indica, in Milpa Alta, in the south of Mexico City, which is the most important production region of this vegetable in the country. A survey of Hesperolabops in Milpa Alta has resulted in the first report of Hesperolabops nigriceps Reuter. This occurrence should be monitored and considered in future studies in order to avoid misidentification of Hesperolabops spp. Kirkaldy native populations there, and to avoid the confusion of the damage that may be caused on O. ficus-indica.

Malária pulmonar: aspectos na tomografia computadorizada de alta resolução - relato de caso

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Rodrigues Rosana

2004-01-01

Full Text Available Neste trabalho é relatado o caso de paciente do sexo masculino, de 38 anos de idade, que desenvolveu quadro de malária com comprometimento pulmonar. A tomografia computadorizada de alta resolução evidenciou espessamento de septos interlobulares e de bainhas peribroncovasculares, com áreas esparsas de atenuação em vidro fosco e de consolidações, além de derrame pleural bilateral, aspectos compatíveis com edema pulmonar. O paciente recebeu tratamento específico, evoluindo bem e tendo alta 11 dias após a internação.

Development of Municipal Solid Waste Management

OpenAIRE

Teibe, Inara

2015-01-01

This paper is based on an empirical work done by author on a series of case studies such us document studies and analyzing the best practices examples. The objective of this research is to find out barriers to reach regional waste management plan demands in three municipalities: Salacgriva, Saulkrasti and Ikskile. Author gives proposal with some recommendations for development of municipal waste management as well. There are several views and attitudes of local stakeholders such us municipali...

Chemical characterization earthenware on the Alta California Frontier

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Skowronek, Russell K.; Ginn, Sarah; Blackman, M.; Bishop, Ronald L.; Garcia Herans, M.

2001-01-01

Throughout what was Alta California archaeological have found in Spanish and Mexican Period missions, presides, pueblos, and ranchos fragments of hand-modeled and wheel-thrown, unglazed, low fired earthenware's. the extraordinary visual similarities between earthenware's found hundreds of miles apart has been explained by some as the most of the ceramics were produced and used locally. The research presented in this paper is based on the use of neutron activation analysis to compositionally characterize the paste of a sample of these earthenware's. Samples from the missions sites of Dolores, Santa Clara, San Jose, Santa Cruz, San Antonio and San Juan Capistrano and the presiders of san Francisco, Monterey, and San Diego have been analyzed

Cogeneration and District Heating. Best Practices for Municipalities

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Nuorkivi, A.; Constantinescu, T.

2005-01-01

District heating (DH) and cogeneration of heat power (CHP) are well known technologies in the energy business and are often included in municipal policies as well. Some of the major benefits of DH and CHP are less known and the barriers faced by further development of DH and CHP are substantial. The main barriers are institutional. Municipalities can play a powerful role in facilitating local DH and CHP development in order to achieve the economic and environmental benefits of DH and CHP. This report is produced to assist municipalities in promoting efficient and environmental beneficial DH and CHP. The focus of the report is on the economies in transition, where the institutional barriers are acute. The report addresses the issues of organisational framework, price regulation and financing, energy demand, rehabilitation of DH systems and benchmarking of DH and CHP. The municipality may influence the DH development by a number of means. The most important means, discussed in the various chapters of the report, are: (1) City planning impacts on the heat load density. A high density is an important factor for the economics of DH and city planning may promote DH in areas with high density and individual heating modes in the areas with low density; (2) Managing the building stock owned by the municipality to join the DH system and paying for the heating services; (3) Setting strategic goals for the District Heating Enterprise (DHE), which they usually own, regarding the quality and the costs of heating. The DHE shall be given sufficient resources to work towards such goals; (4) Providing guarantees for financing DH rehabilitation and development. The DHE may not have access to commercial credits without municipal guarantees; and, (5) Supporting the DHE management by giving operational independence, supervising the management performance regularly and encouraging the co-operation with other DHEs and equipment manufacturers. Examples provided in the report of

40 CFR 60.1015 - What is a new municipal waste combustion unit?

Science.gov (United States)

2010-07-01

... combustion unit? 60.1015 Section 60.1015 Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED... for Small Municipal Waste Combustion Units for Which Construction is Commenced After August 30, 1999... What is a new municipal waste combustion unit? (a) A new municipal waste combustion unit is a municipal...

Municipalities' Preparedness for Weather Hazards and Response to Weather Warnings.

Science.gov (United States)

Mehiriz, Kaddour; Gosselin, Pierre

2016-01-01

The study of the management of weather-related disaster risks by municipalities has attracted little attention even though these organizations play a key role in protecting the population from extreme meteorological conditions. This article contributes to filling this gap with new evidence on the level and determinants of Quebec municipalities' preparedness for weather hazards and response to related weather warnings. Using survey data from municipal emergency management coordinators and secondary data on the financial and demographic characteristics of municipalities, the study shows that most Quebec municipalities are sufficiently prepared for weather hazards and undertake measures to protect the population when informed of imminent extreme weather events. Significant differences between municipalities were noted though. Specifically, the level of preparedness was positively correlated with the municipalities' capacity and population support for weather-related disaster management policies. In addition, the risk of weather-related disasters increases the preparedness level through its effect on population support. We also found that the response to weather warnings depended on the risk of weather-related disasters, the preparedness level and the quality of weather warnings. These results highlight areas for improvement in the context of increasing frequency and/or severity of such events with current climate change.

Perceived tourism impacts in municipalities with different tourism concentration

OpenAIRE

Nemec Rudež, Helena; Vodeb, Ksenija

2010-01-01

The paper investigates residents’ perceptions of tourism impacts in Koper and Piran municipality which are located on the Slovenian coast. The two municipalities have different tourism concentration defined as the ratio between the number of tourists and the number of residents. Specifically, the study attempts to explore differences between tourism impacts in the two municipalities. For the purpose of this study, tourism impacts are divided into economic, socio-cultural and environmental. Pr...

Ringkøbing-Skjern Energy Atlas for municipal energy planning

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Petrovic, Stefan; Karlsson, Kenneth Bernard

2015-01-01

Ringkøbing-Skjern is Denmark's largest municipality, located in the west part of Central Denmark Region. Its medium-term goal is to achieve 100 % self-sufficiency in renewable energy supply by 2020. To achieve this ambitious goal, future courses of action have been outlined in the municipality......'s energy strategy "Energy2020" and divided into five groups: increasing production from wind, bioenergy and other renewable energy sources, reducing heat demand in buildings and converting transportation sector to renewable energy. The analysis of technical, economic and environmental impacts...... of such a variety of technologies on the municipality's energy system requires highly detailed decision support system. For that purpose, GIS-based energy atlas has been developed for Ringkøbing-Skjern municipality. The data about energy supply and demand, transmission and distribution infrastructure, energy...

Prefeitura Municipal de Amparo - Prefeitura Municipal de Amparo

Science.gov (United States)

, educação inclusiva, calendário educação, plano municipal de educação, projetos, notícias entre estagiários Confira as vagas para estagiários Painel de Vagas de Estágio ENSINO MEDIO (2501642 Sebastião 07 de Janeiro de 2017 - 29 de Janeiro de 2017 Carnaval de rua de Amparo 25 de Fevereiro de 2017

Innovation Forms and Mechanisms of Forming the Conception of Effective Municipal Management

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Nataliya Aleksandrovna Mikhaylova

2016-10-01

Full Text Available A dynamic, uncertain external environment increases the dependence of the objectives of the system of state and municipal government on the conditions and the actions of environmental factors that entail a change in the behavior of the subjects of management, improving the ability of government to carry out strategic management and interaction of bodies of state and municipal authorities with the city-forming enterprises. The article revealed the lack of alternative mechanisms, based on an integrated management system industries and areas of the municipality and to improve the efficiency of the municipal administration in general. The use of innovative methods and mechanisms is important in the municipal administration. The analysis of innovative technologies and concepts of effective management of a municipality, such as: the “smart city” or high-tech city; “open city” or “open municipality”; city corporation or a city as in excess of corporation; city management is based on the model “contract manager”; quality management technology built into the system of municipal management based on the quality management system model. The analysis showed that the state and municipal institutions in many developed countries and in Russia are converted in order to improve its efficiency, ensuring higher service levels and transparency of its operations, giving a positive example for the extrapolation of the municipalities that have not yet using innovative forms and mechanisms management. In general, the application of innovative developments in the formation of the concept of effective municipal administration should be maintained as the regional and municipal authorities, as well as at the federal level, as innovation is the key to the further development of state and municipal management system.

27 CFR 31.4 - Relation to State and municipal law.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-04-01

... business contrary to the laws of such State or in places prohibited by municipal law; nor shall such... municipal law. 31.4 Section 31.4 Alcohol, Tobacco Products and Firearms ALCOHOL AND TOBACCO TAX AND TRADE... State and municipal law. Compliance with the requirements of this part shall not be held to exempt any...

Municipal Building Energy Usage

Data.gov (United States)

Allegheny County / City of Pittsburgh / Western PA Regional Data Center — This data set contains energy use data from 2009-2014 for 139 municipally operated buildings. Metrics include: Site & Source EUI, annual electricity, natural...

Composition of municipal solid waste in Denmark

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Edjabou, Vincent Maklawe Essonanawe; Petersen, Claus; Scheutz, Charlotte

2014-01-01

Data for the composition of municipal solid waste is a critical basis for any assessment of waste technologies and waste management systems. The detailed quantification of waste fractions is absolutely needed for a better technological development of waste treatment. The current waste composition...... comparability to characterize municipal solid waste. This methodology was applied to residual waste collected from 1,442 households in three municipalities in Denmark. The main fractions contributing to the residual household waste were food waste and miscellaneous waste. Statistical analysis suggested...... of standardised and commonly accepted waste characterization methodologies, various approaches have been reported in literature. This limits both comparability and applicability of the results. The purpose of this study was to introduce a consistent methodology that reduces uncertainties and ensures data...

Grounding the past : the praxis of participatory archaeology in the Mixteca Alta, Oaxaca, Mexico

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Geurds, Alexander

2007-01-01

"Grounding the Past" addresses archaeological field praxis and its role in the political present of Santiago Tilantongo and Santiago Apoala, two communities in the Mixteca Alta region of Oaxaca, Mexico. Efforts to involve local stakeholder communities in archaeology have become an important issue

Delegation within municipal health care.

Science.gov (United States)

Bystedt, Maria; Eriksson, Maria; Wilde-Larsson, Bodil

2011-05-01

To describe how registered nurses (RNs) perceive delegation to unlicensed personnel (UP) in a municipal healthcare context in Sweden. Within municipal health care RNs often delegate tasks to UP. The latter have practical training, but lack formal competence. Twelve RNs were interviewed and the material was analysed using a phenomenographic approach. Owing to a shortage of RNs, delegation is seen as a prerequisite for a functioning organization. This necessity also involves a number of perceived contradictions in three areas: (1) the work situation of RNs - facilitation and relief vs. lack of control, powerlessness, vagueness regarding responsibility, and resignation; (2) the relationship with unlicensed personnel - stimulation, possibility for mentoring, use of UP competence and the creation of fairness vs. questioning UP competence; and (3) The patients - increase in continuity, quicker treatment, and increased security vs. insecurity (with respect to, for example, the handling of medicine). Registered nurses perceptions of delegation within municipal healthcare involve their own work situation, the UP and the patients. Registered nurses who delegate to UP must be given time for mentoring such that the nursing care is safe care of high quality. © 2011 The Authors. Journal compilation © 2011 Blackwell Publishing Ltd.

Phytoremediation potential of water caltrop (Trapa natans L.) using municipal wastewater of the activated sludge process-based municipal wastewater treatment plant.

Science.gov (United States)

Kumar, Vinod; Chopra, A K

2018-01-01

Phytoremediation experiments were carried out to assess the phytoremediation potential of water caltrop (Trapa natans L.) using municipal wastewater collected from the activated sludge process- (ASP) based municipal wastewater treatment plant. The results revealed that T. natans significantly (P ≤ .05/P ≤ .01/P ≤ .001) reduced the contents of total dissolved solids (TDS), electrical conductivity (EC), biochemical oxygen demand (BOD 5 ), chemical oxygen demand, total Kjeldahl nitrogen, phosphate ([Formula: see text]), sodium (Na + ), potassium (K + ), calcium (Ca 2+ ), magnesium (Mg 2+ ), cadmium (Cd), chromium (Cr), copper (Cu), iron (Fe), manganese (Mn), lead (Pb), zinc (Zn), standard plate count, and most probable number of the municipal wastewater after phytoremediation experiments. The maximum removal of these parameters was obtained at 60 days of the phytoremediation experiments, but the removal rate of these parameters was gradually increased from 15 to 45 days and it was slightly decreased at 60 days. Most contents of Cd, Cu, Fe, Mn and Zn were translocated in the leaves of T. natans, whereas most contents of Cr and Pb were accumulated in the root of T. natans after phytoremediation experiments. The contents of different biochemical components were recorded in the order of total sugar > crude protein > total ash > crude fiber > total fat in T. natans after phytoremediation of municipal wastewater. Therefore, T. natans was found to be effective for the removal of different parameters of municipal wastewater and can be used effectively to reduce the pollution load of municipal wastewater drained from the ASP-based treatment plants.

Municipal water pollution prevention program

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

1991-03-01

EPA believes that the most effective and equitable means of assuring viability of this infrastructure is through environmentally preferred pollution prevention approaches especially through application of Municipal Water Pollution Prevention (MWPP). These approaches may enhance worker safety, improve the usability of sludge, increase the ability for local community expansion, and reduce operation and compliance costs. State-based municipal pollution prevention programs focus attention on a series of actions to prevent pollution in advance rather than taking more expensive corrective actions. MWPP encourages resource conservation to reduce water and energy use, appropriate pricing, toxicity reductions at the source, BOD reductions, recycling, proper treatment of wastes, and beneficial uses of sludge

Research challenges in municipal solid waste logistics management.

Science.gov (United States)

Bing, Xiaoyun; Bloemhof, Jacqueline M; Ramos, Tania Rodrigues Pereira; Barbosa-Povoa, Ana Paula; Wong, Chee Yew; van der Vorst, Jack G A J

2016-02-01

During the last two decades, EU legislation has put increasing pressure on member countries to achieve specified recycling targets for municipal household waste. These targets can be obtained in various ways choosing collection methods, separation methods, decentral or central logistic systems, etc. This paper compares municipal solid waste (MSW) management practices in various EU countries to identify the characteristics and key issues from a waste management and reverse logistics point of view. Further, we investigate literature on modelling municipal solid waste logistics in general. Comparing issues addressed in literature with the identified issues in practice result in a research agenda for modelling municipal solid waste logistics in Europe. We conclude that waste recycling is a multi-disciplinary problem that needs to be considered at different decision levels simultaneously. A holistic view and taking into account the characteristics of different waste types are necessary when modelling a reverse supply chain for MSW recycling. Copyright © 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Municipal Revenue Generation and Development in the Calgary and Edmonton Metropolitan Regions

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Brian W. Conger

2016-12-01

Full Text Available Municipal reliance on property taxes and the competing priorities of municipalities—in terms of where they plan and approve land development within their boundaries—in order to capture new property taxes, has led to political conflict between adjacent municipalities.1 Nowhere in Alberta is this more evident than in the Edmonton and Calgary metropolitan regions, where sustained high-levels of growth has led to the expansion of the core-cities, rapid residential development rates in peripheral urban centres and the rise urban-scale development in the rural municipal districts – spurring intrametropolitan competition, harsh words and hurt feelings amongst municipalities.2 In response to this ongoing conflict, the province and at times the municipalities themselves have developed successive regional planning frameworks over the past 60 years3 to guide development and encourage—and at times enforce—intermunicipal collaboration. In an exploration of the contemporary relationship between municipal finance and development patterns in the Calgary and Edmonton metropolitan regions, we use municipal property tax and building-permit data for new residential, commercial and industrial development to track the incidence of development since 1983 and the property tax rates for municipalities in both regions from 2001 to 2015. In looking at the tax data there is evidence of increasing competition among municipalities, in particular for non-residential development; however, the trends could also be consistent with collusion. In looking at the building permit data, although there has been a lot of development in the peripheral urban and rural municipalities, proportionately, growth and development has occurred overwhelmingly in the core-cities. Our findings point to a system where local development considerations in both metropolitan regions, and the municipal prerogative to set municipal tax rates to attract development, take precedence over the

Avaliação da Vigilância Epidemiológica em âmbito municipal Evaluation of epidemiological surveillance in municipal ambit

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Eduardo Freese de Carvalho

2005-12-01

Full Text Available OBJETIVOS: avaliar a vigilância epidemiológica (VE e as características específicas da gestão municipal. MÉTODOS: foram selecionados onze municípios de Pernambuco conforme critérios geográficos, porte populacional e condição de gestão. O grau de implantação foi estimado através de entrevistas com atores-chave em três níveis de atuação da VE: nível central, unidades de saúde da família (USF e unidades de saúde tradicionais (UST, enfatizando aspectos relativos à infra-estrutura e ao processo de trabalho. Às variáveis selecionadas foram atribuídos pontos, cujo somatório, classificou a VE como: implantada, parcialmente implantada e não implantada. Para avaliar as características da gestão foram entrevistados os onze secretários municipais de saúde. RESULTADOS: a VE apresentou-se implantada em apenas 27% dos municípios e parcialmente implantada em 46%, encontrando-se mais estruturada nos municípios de grande porte e com gestão plena do sistema municipal, onde, dos três níveis estudados, observou-se que o nível central apresentou mais fragilidades, e as USF, quando comparadas às UST, obtiveram melhor desempenho. Quanto às características de gestão, embora todos os municípios estivessem certificados para realizar ações de VE, foram identificados entraves significativos para sua efetiva realização. CONCLUSÕES: A VE apresentou deficiências que comprometem a sua implantação plena no âmbito municipal.ABSTRACT OBJECTIVES: to evaluate epidemiological surveil-lance (ES and its specifics management at municipal level. METHODS: eleven municipalities were selected in the State of Pernambuco, Brazil, based on the geographical, demographic and management criteria. The level of implementation was estimated by way of interviews with key-players at three levels of ES: the headquarters, family health units (FHUs and traditional health units (THUs, laying emphasis on features relating to infrastructure and the work

Quality assessment of compost prepared with municipal solid waste

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Jodar J. R.

2017-11-01

Full Text Available One way that helps maintain the sustainability of agro-ecosystems land is the application of compost from municipal solid waste as fertilizer, because it can recover the nutrients contained in them, minimizing the negative impact on the environment. Composting as a method for preparing organic fertilizers and amendments is economically and ecologically sound and may well represent an acceptable solution for disposing of municipal solid waste. In the present work, the quality of compost is studied made from municipal solid waste; the content of mineral nutrients: potassium, calcium, magnesium, sodium, zinc, manganese, cupper, iron, nickel, chromium and lead has been investigated. The objective was to evaluate the changes in mineral nutrient concentration during the composting process. The compost was prepared in a pilot-plant using the turning-pile system. Temperature was used as a monitoring parameter to follow the composting progress, which underwent the typical trend of municipal solid waste composting mixtures. The results showed a similar evolution on the content of mineral nutrients of the mixture of municipal solid waste. This evolution originated in a mature compost (end sample with an adequate content of mineral elements and physical-chemical characteristics for its use in agriculture. So, the use of compost of municipal solid waste represents an important tool for fertilization requirements for its use in agriculture.

Quality assessment of compost prepared with municipal solid waste

Science.gov (United States)

Jodar, J. R.; Ramos, N.; Carreira, J. A.; Pacheco, R.; Fernández-Hernández, A.

2017-11-01

One way that helps maintain the sustainability of agro-ecosystems land is the application of compost from municipal solid waste as fertilizer, because it can recover the nutrients contained in them, minimizing the negative impact on the environment. Composting as a method for preparing organic fertilizers and amendments is economically and ecologically sound and may well represent an acceptable solution for disposing of municipal solid waste. In the present work, the quality of compost is studied made from municipal solid waste; the content of mineral nutrients: potassium, calcium, magnesium, sodium, zinc, manganese, cupper, iron, nickel, chromium and lead has been investigated. The objective was to evaluate the changes in mineral nutrient concentration during the composting process. The compost was prepared in a pilot-plant using the turning-pile system. Temperature was used as a monitoring parameter to follow the composting progress, which underwent the typical trend of municipal solid waste composting mixtures. The results showed a similar evolution on the content of mineral nutrients of the mixture of municipal solid waste. This evolution originated in a mature compost (end sample) with an adequate content of mineral elements and physical-chemical characteristics for its use in agriculture. So, the use of compost of municipal solid waste represents an important tool for fertilization requirements for its use in agriculture.

Alta hospitalar e o cuidado do recém-nascido prematuro no domicílio: vivência materna Alta hospitalaria y el cuidado de los recién-nacidos prematuros en el hogar: experiencias de la madre Hospital and care of the premature newborn at home: maternal experiences

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Mirna Albuquerque Frota

2013-06-01

Full Text Available Objetivou-se conhecer a percepção da mãe sobre a alta hospitalar e o cuidado do recém-nascido prematuro no domicílio após a primeira semana de alta. Pesquisa descritiva, de abordagem qualitativa, com uso da entrevista semiestruturada para coleta de dados, desenvolvida no ambulatório de seguimento do prematuro (follow-up do Hospital da Rede Pública Estadual de Fortaleza, em outubro e novembro de 2011. As participantes foram nove mães de recém-nascido prematuro após primeira semana de alta. Aplicou-se análise do conteúdo. Os resultados apontaram para as categorias: Orientações sobre o cuidado com o prematuro durante a alta hospitalar; Sentimentos e dificuldades com a chegada do bebê no domicílio; e Apoio familiar no cuidado do prematuro. O estudo evidenciou que algumas mães não receberam orientações da equipe multiprofissional da neonatologia acerca do cuidado bebê após alta hospitalar, reforçando que elas levam o bebê para o domicílio sem estar preparadas para a nova realidade.Dirigido a aprender acerca de la percepción de la madre sobre el alta hospitalaria y el cuidado de los recién-nacidos prematuros en el hogar después de la primera semana de alta. Enfoque descriptivo, cualitativo, con entrevistas semiestructuradas para recopilar datos, desarrollado en el ambulatorio de seguimiento del prematuro (Follow Up del Hospital de la Red Pública del Estado de Fortaleza, en octubre y noviembre de 2011. Participaron nueve madres de bebés prematuros después de la primera semana de alta. Se aplicó el análisis de contenido para la observación de los datos. Los resultados apuntan para las siguientes categorías: Orientaciones para el cuidado con los bebés prematuros durante el alta; Sentimientos y dificultades con la llegada del bebé al hogar; Apoyo familiar en el cuidado de los bebés prematuros. El estudio demostró que algunas madres no recibieron instrucciones del equipo interdisciplinario de atención de neonatolog

Vital Signs – Presión arterial alta (High Blood Pressure)

Centers for Disease Control (CDC) Podcasts

En los EE. UU. casi un tercio de la población adulta tiene presión arterial alta, el principal factor de riesgo de enfermedades cardiacas y accidentes cerebrovasculares, dos de las principales causas de muerte en el país.

Lessons Learned: Community Solar for Municipal Utilities

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

2016-12-01

This report outlines the work that STAT has completed, discusses the range of approaches utilities are taking, and highlights several challenges municipal utilities face in deciding whether and how to pursue community solar. As this report shows, there is no 'silver bullet' in terms of municipal utility community solar design or implementation - programs vary significantly and are highly dependent on localized contexts.

The Potential Value of Evaluation as Budgeting Tool for South African Municipalities

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Malefetsane A. Mofolo

2016-03-01

Full Text Available The paradox around performance in the South African municipalities is undoubtedly exposed by the released reports of the Auditor-General for 2012/13 and Statistics South Africa’s Non-Financial Census of Municipalities, 2013. On the analyses of these reports, it became clear that municipalities could achieve more if stringent measures could be put in place and implemented to ensure that resources are used efficiently and effectively. To that effect, this article argues that monitoring and evaluation (M&E policy framework should be fully implemented in South African municipalities. This argument emanates from the fact that exorbitant amounts are incurred on fruitless and wasteful expenditure in municipalities. This article then presents a compelling case through which maximisation of expenditure prioritisation in municipalities is warranted. To investigate the concept of expenditure prioritisation, as a principle that municipalities should espouse, the study embarks on literature review as a method deemed suitable to explore the value of evaluation as budgeting tool for South African municipalities.  The findings to this investigation, recommended that on-going or process evaluation should be more useful to inform budget decision makers in the provincial and national governments about the required capacity interventions, which could assist to deal with financial weaknesses in municipalities.

Cisto de colédoco: experiência de cinco anos com o tratamento cirúrgico no hospital municipal JESUS-RJ

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Lisieux Eyer de Jesus

Full Text Available OBJETIVO: Relatar a experiência no diagnóstico e tratamento do cisto de colédoco no Hospital Municipal Jesus em cinco anos (1996-2001 e a experiência brasileira publicada para o tratamento do cisto de colédoco em crianças. MÉTODO: Avaliação prospectiva dos pacientes operados com o diagnóstico de cisto de colédoco em cinco anos no Hospital Municipal Jesus. RESULTADOS: Houve predomínio de casos diagnosticados pela presença de dor abdominal recorrente, icterícia e/ou massa abdominal palpável. Apenas dois pacientes apresentavam a tríade completa. Todos os pacientes foram submetidos à ultra-sonografia e houve dúvida no diagnóstico ultra-sonográfico em apenas dois. Todos eram cistos do tipo 1 de Todani tratados através de ressecção completa e anastomose biliodigestiva em Y Roux. Houve complicações pós-operatórias imediatas em três pacientes: um caso de hemorragia digestiva alta e dois casos de fístula biliar, um deles relacionado a problemas técnicos na anastomose que necessitou de reoperação. O seguimento variou de quatro meses a cinco anos, sem detecção de complicação tardia em nenhum caso. CONCLUSÕES: O tratamento do cisto de colédoco através da ressecção completa na criança é seguro, relacionado a poucas complicações e capaz de resolver por completo a sintomatologia pré-operatória dos pacientes.

Perfil docente para alumnos/as con altas capacidades

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

María Leonor Conejeros-Solar

2013-01-01

Full Text Available El presente artículo tiene por objeto determinar un perfil de competencias docentes construido desde la percepción de estudiantes con altas capacidades pertenecientes a un programa universitario para talentos académicos. Se utiliza una metodología cualitativa con una estrategia documental de carácter retrospectivo. Los resultados indican que los estudiantes realizan una evaluación profunda sobre la docencia, incluyendo elementos pedagógicos como flexibilidad, ritmo e integración teoría-práctica. Las percepciones de los estudiantes, poco incorporadas en discusiones relativas a la enseñanza, permiten repensar y delinear un perfil de las competencias docentes relevadas para un trabajo pedagógico efectivo con talentosos en el aula.

Modern technologies of processing municipal solid waste: investing in the future

Science.gov (United States)

Rumyantseva, A.; Berezyuk, M.; Savchenko, N.; Rumyantseva, E.

2017-06-01

The problem of effective municipal solid waste (MSW) management is known to all the municipal entities of the Russian Federation. The problem is multifaceted and complex. The article analyzes the dynamics of municipal solid waste formation and its utilization within the territory of the EU and Russia. The authors of the paper suggest a project of a plant for processing municipal solid waste into a combustible gas with the help of high temperature pyrolysis. The main indicators of economic efficiency are calculated.

Utilizing Municipal Trees: Ideas From Across the Country

Science.gov (United States)

Stephen M. Bratkovich

2001-01-01

To show how municipal tree removals can be utilized for traditional wood products, this publication highlights 16 successful projects from around the country. These case studies are organized by the different types of participants: State and regional partnerships, municipalities, tree service firms, entrepreneurs, and sawmills. Contact information is provided for each...

Controllo strategico e valutazione delle performance nel settore dell’alta moda

OpenAIRE

Terzani, Simone

2006-01-01

[italiano] La tesi approfondisce il settore dell’alta moda e del lusso individuandone i caratteri fondamentali, nonché le peculiarità delle aziende che in tale settore operano. Si procede poi ad un esame della dottrina in materia di controllo di gestione ed in particolare di controllo strategico e ci si sofferma sulle caratteristiche del modello balanced scorecard. Il lavoro comprende una analisi empirica su casi concreti di imprese del settore per individuarne gli strumenti di controllo impi...

La televisión de alta definición

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Carlos Eduardo Cortés S.

2014-12-01

Full Text Available Establece la relación del iPod con la televisión digital(DTV y la televisión de alta definición (HDTVque produce una percepción de profundidad con apariencia tridimensional. El nuevo iPod podría convertirse en un eslabón en las nuevas formas de consumo de video digital. El pronóstico de este estudio para el mercado DTV en los Estados Unidos indica que, cuando a fines de la presente década, la mitad de los hogares con televisor estará usando servicios avanzados de televisión como el VOD y las funciones de DVR.

A terapia cognitiva de Aaron Beck como reflexividade na alta modernidade: uma sociologia do conhecimento

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Cláudio Ivan de Oliveira

Full Text Available Uma sociologia do conhecimento interpreta a produção do conhecimento como vinculada a situações sociais. Partindo dessa premissa epistemológica, nosso artigo objetivou interpretar a terapia cognitiva de Aaron Beck como conhecimento construído e construtor do fenômeno de reflexividade da alta modernidade, conforme interpretada por Anthony Giddens. Nossa hipótese é que a reorientação do sistema de crenças do cliente, proposta pela terapia cognitiva, é uma forma de reconstrução reflexiva da autoidentidade, visando superar conflitos típicos da instabilidade da alta modernidade. Assinalamos aspectos na terapia cognitiva que a identificam com a reflexividade, sobretudo a ideia de que a construção da autoidentidade é uma tarefa na qual o indivíduo se engaja reflexivamente.

Municipal Household Solid Waste Compost: Effects on Carrot ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

An experiment was conducted to evaluate the impact of municipal household solid waste compost on N, P and K uptake and yield of carrot (Daucus carrota), using a coastal savanna Haplic Acrisol. Bulked samples of fresh solid waste from 45 households within the Cape Coast Municipality in the Central Region of Ghana ...

The effects of Smoke Free Work Hours in Danish municipalities

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Tina Termansen

2017-05-01

Full Text Available Since 2011, 15 Danish municipalities have implemented smoke free work hours, meaning that an employee working for the municipality may not smoke in his or her work time (about 7,5 hours a day. This is a much stricter prevention method, than former strategies preventing smoking mostly at locations and not during working hours. Research concerning the effects of smoke free work hours is non-existing. We therefore wish to look into the specific outcomes of smoke free work hours related to smoking prevalence, sickness leave and work place culture through a semi-experimental study. As the decision to implement smoke free work hours is administrative and/or political, we will not be able to randomize the intervention. Instead, we use one or more Danish municipality who are planning to implement smoke free work hours as an intervention-group and similar municipalities as control group. Data will be collected both through questionnaires about employees smoking prevalence, sickness leave and work place community, and through register data about the citizens employed in the municipalities in question. This will primarily be data on socio-economic status and health. In this way we can compare the municipalities implementing smoke free work hours with each other and find similar control municipalities. We hope, that this study can contribute to understanding the specific outcomes of implementing smoke free work hours, focusing both on health outcomes and work place culture.

MUNICIPAL TAX HARMONIZATION; ECONOMIC ACTIVITIES

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Belsy Tortolero

2014-04-01

Full Text Available This research work is a desk study to establish the technical and economic criteria that help to minimize double taxation at the municipal level of this tax in Venezuela, specifically for: industrial taxpayer, the taxpayer eventual merchant and / or walking, and to taxpayer service providers and implementers works on Hence the choice of the Tax Harmonisation Law of Municipal Public power in Article 162 of the Code, and the business tax. The methodology is based on the quantitative paradigm, with documentary research design, descriptive level - explanatory. Concluding that the criteria depend on the connecting factors set forth in the Law, and they are the same governing tax under study.

The municipality as a stakeholder

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Palmqvist, Roland

2006-01-01

The author explains how local politicians look upon the dialogue regarding nuclear installations in their municipalities. As seen from the map of European reactors there is a lot of local districts affected by nuclear operations. What has a mayor from such a community to say about the shut-down phase of such operations and especially about the need for communication between stakeholders when closing and decommissioning a nuclear power reactor? To answer this question the author has structured his presentation into 4 parts as follows: 1. The European municipalities ? some characteristics; 2. The siting of NPPs (nuclear power plants) in Europe; 3. The shutdown, decommissioning and the dismantling phases; 4. Lessons learnt

The impact of municipal budgets and land-use management on the hazardous waste production of Malaga municipalities

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Soler, Ismael P.; Gemar, German; Jimenez-Madrid, Alberto

2017-01-01

Economic development and the search for competitiveness have become key issues in regions' economic success. However, despite the direct relationship between economic and environmental management, few land-use plans consider the latter aspect, and city managers delegate the responsibility for environmental impacts to state legislation and private initiatives. This myopic search for competitiveness has meant that a holistic view of environmental issues is often not integrated into municipal decision-making processes. Therefore, this study's objective was to determine the relevant direct and indirect relationships of land management and budgetary procedures of municipalities with overall production levels of hazardous waste. To this end, a primary tourist region, Málaga, was examined in terms of how this waste's environmental impacts can affect the region's vital tourism sector. This research used principal component analysis, regression by ordinary least squares, cluster analysis in two stages and a means test to compare the data for the Province of Malaga's subregions. The results confirm a positive relationship between municipal expenditure and waste production and highlight the environmental benefits of land use involving environmentally non-aggressive crops. The results also reveal a negative relationship between waste production and financial assets and a direct relationship between unproductive land and the production of hazardous waste. The findings also highlight the necessity of raising awareness about the need for collaboration between different agents, especially in the development of inter-municipal strategies.

Fiscal Instruments for the Municipal Solid Waste Management (MSW in the Mexican Municipality

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Violeta Mendezcarlo Silva

2013-10-01

Full Text Available Waste generation (municipal waste in the cities is, as we all know, one of the main current environmental issues. Responsibility for this kind of pollution is not only the companies’ but also the homeowners’ and the general public’s, who must redirect their behavior towards a responsible consumption, not only regarding the choices of environmentally friendly products and services but should also strive to influence the reduction of environmental damage caused by the waste itself.  The goal of this research work is to make clear that the local government (in Mexico’s case, the municipalities has the unavoidable duty of raising awareness of this issue by using tools to encourage responsible waste management, such as fiscal instruments, which in addition results in the extra benefit of raising public funds to neutralize the problem. 

Tax effort and oil royalties in the Brazilian municipalities

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Fernando Antonio Slaibe Postali

2015-09-01

Full Text Available This paper estimates a stochastic production frontier, to investigate whether municipalities covered by oil royalties in the last decade have reduced their tax effort in Brazil. The issue is relevant to the prospect of a substantial increase in these revenues and the new rules for distribution of the funds, established by Law No. 12.734/2012. The inputs were provided by personnel and capital expenditures, whereas the product was defined as the municipal tax collection. With the purpose of overcoming the endogeneity problems due to reverse causality of output on inputs, we used the lagged independent variable as instruments in the inefficiency equation. The data set is composed of a panel of Brazilian municipalities from 2002 to 2011. The results indicate that oil revenues have a negative impact on the estimated efficiencies, signaling reduced fiscal effort by the benefiting municipalities.

Strengthening Performance Management System Implementation in South African Municipalities

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Malefetsane Mofolo

2012-06-01

Full Text Available Adoption of a performance management system in municipalities presented a serious challenge for its implementation. This scenario is implicitly manifesting itself in the reports of the Auditor-General on the financial statements and performance of municipalities, as well as in the state of local government in South Africa overview report (2009. These reports called for the conceptualisation of a model that to strengthen the implementation in municipalities of a performance management system that is efficient and effective. And most importantly, this model could be beneficial for growth, development and effective service delivery.

76 FR 53678 - Calleguas Municipal Water District Notice of Surrender of Exemption (Conduit)

Science.gov (United States)

2011-08-29

... Municipal Water District Notice of Surrender of Exemption (Conduit) Pursuant to section 4.95(a) of the Commission's regulations,\\1\\ Calleguas Municipal Water District filed with the Commission a petition to... Municipal Water District, 87 FERC ] 62,256 (1999). \\3\\ See filing of July 11, 2011 by Calleguas Municipal...

Centralisation and decentralisation in strategic municipal energy planning in Denmark

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Sperling, Karl; Hvelplund, Frede; Mathiesen, Brian Vad

2011-01-01

need for better coordination of municipal energy planning activities at the central level. It is suggested that the role of municipalities as energy planning authorities needs to be outlined more clearly in, e.g., strategic energy planning which integrates savings, efficiency and renewable energy...... vision. The paper outlines a basic division of tasks between the central and the local level within such a strategic energy planning system.......Denmark’s future energy system is to be entirely based on renewable energy sources. Municipalities will play an important role as local energy planning authorities in terms of adopting and refining this vision in different local contexts. Based on a review of 11 municipal energy plans, this paper...

AWARENESS LEVEL STUDY FOR IMPLEMENTING SEPARATION OF MUNICIPAL SOLID WASTE PROGRAM IN THE MUNICIPALITY OF ARANDAS, JALISCO

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Norberto Santiago-Olivares

2017-07-01

Full Text Available The Arandas municipality government in Jalisco, has been looking for solutions to the problem of its municipal solid waste (MSW disposal for some years. Nowadays there is a “dumping site" where these residues are deposited without any established control, promoting the generation of vermin and rodents such as: flies, cockroaches, rats, mouses, etc.; adding up to the air, soil and water pollution. The solution starts with the separation of municipal solid waste from the generation sites, but it does not make any sense to separate the waste if there is not a subsequent treatment system established. The population awareness for garbage separation at home is quite necessary, because if it is not carried out correctly, it won’t be able to give an effective further treatment to the municipal solid waste MSW generated. In countries and municipalities where garbage separation is already practiced, it was because the community is forced to do so, whether their garbage is not collected if it is not properly separated, or by the implementation of economic fines. With the support of the H. Ayuntamiento de Arandas and José Mario Molina Pasquel and Henríquez Technological Institute Campus Arandas, was carried out a study to determine the level of awareness that the population of Arandas has about the necessity to separate garbage at home. For this purpose, a survey was designed and applied to parents or guardians of students from educational institutions: CONALEP Arandas, UDG Regional High School, CBTIS and José Mario Molina Pasquel and Henríquez Technological Institute Campus Arandas. The research carried out was quantitative and descriptive type, where the selection of the sample was “for convenience” (to optimize time and costs in the application of the survey. According to the results obtained in the survey analysis, it was observed that Arandas population was concerned about the preservation of environment and they are willing to do garbage

A Webometric Analysis of ISI Medical Journals Using Yahoo, AltaVista, and All the Web Search Engines

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Zohreh Zahedi

2010-12-01

Full Text Available The World Wide Web is an important information source for scholarly communications. Examining the inlinks via webometrics studies has attracted particular interests among information researchers. In this study, the number of inlinks to 69 ISI medical journals retrieved by Yahoo, AltaVista, and All The web Search Engines were examined via a comparative and Webometrics study. For data analysis, SPSS software was employed. Findings revealed that British Medical Journal website attracted the most links of all in the three search engines. There is a significant correlation between the number of External links and the ISI impact factor. The most significant correlation in the three search engines exists between external links of Yahoo and AltaVista (100% and the least correlation is found between external links of All The web & the number of pages of AltaVista (0.51. There is no significant difference between the internal links & the number of pages found by the three search engines. But in case of impact factors, significant differences are found between these three search engines. So, the study shows that journals with higher impact factor attract more links to their websites. It also indicates that the three search engines are significantly different in terms of total links, outlinks and web impact factors

Evolution of municipal law in 2014-2016.

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Yury Blagov

2017-01-01

Full Text Available УДК 342The subject. This article is devoted the municipal reform 2014-2016. The reform of state are institutes of territorial organization, organizational principles, competency bases of local self-government.The purpose of this paper is to show that the municipal reform 2014-2016 is directed on limiting local self-government and the subordination of local self-government to state authorities of the subjects of Russia.Methodology. The author uses a dialectical method, a method of analysis and synthesis, a formal legal method, a comparative legal method.Results, scope. Urban districts with intracity and intercity division areas – two new municipalities have been legally introduced. In science municipal law formed two points of view on the admissibility and feasibility of separating the urban district in the inner city areas. According to the first point of view, the separation of large urban districts in the inner city areas is acceptable and appropriate. According to the second point of view, the separation of large urban districts in the inner city areas is unacceptable and inappropriate. The author adheres to the second point of view, since the introduction of a two-tier model of local government organization would violate the principle of unity of municipal economy, will lead to the rupture of a single urban space on the organizational and financial sustainability areas dependent city district, will lead to a sharp increase in the number of deputies and municipal employees, unnecessary increase financial expenses.Municipal and regulatory policy in the sphere of organizational principles of local self-government is aimed at the maximum limit of direct elections of the population of the local self-government, which leads to their further alienation from the local authorities (the direct election of saved only 11 urban districts (13 %, which are the administrative centers of the subject of the Russian Federation. In addition, the actual

Community work – the missing link of municipal social policy

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Moors M.

2012-10-01

Full Text Available Municipal social policy has an important role in dealing with social problems of citizens. On micro level, municipalities spend a substantial amount of their budget solving such problems. However, increasing the amount of money spent on solving problems of each individual at micro level does not provide efficient fulfilment of the tasks defined for municipal social policy making. Thus new, complementary solutions should be looked into, as new ways of development of social work in municipalities should be designed with the aim to increase the level of citizen participation and joint responsibility, especially of socially vulnerable groups. Research results let the author conclude that social activity of socially vulnerable groups should be promoted by creating a series of prerequisites, among which citizen participation, need for organisational support, activities that would foster politician and municipality officials’ attitude towards citizen participation and their social capital increase, two-way relationship between citizens and officials, and the worker that would promote citizen participation, among which is social policy making, are considered to be very important. All of this can be successfully reached by developing community work in local municipalities. This is the missing link to combine macro and micro levels, or political determination and practical implementation of citizen participation.

Patterns of Demographic Change in the Missions of Central Alta California

OpenAIRE

Jackson, Robert H

1987-01-01

A number of scholars have examined the cause of demographic collapse in the Californias, and have included stress, disease, and subsistence crises among their explanations. This essay does not attempt to explain in detail the causes of demographic change, but rather to document population movements in the seven missions in central Alta California, from Santa Cruz in the north to San Luis Obispo in the south. The basic premise entertained here is that the process of demographic change in the C...

ESCO in Danish municipalities: Basic, integrative or strategic approaches?

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Jensen, Jesper Ole; Hansen, Jesper Rohr; Balslev Nielsen, Susanne

2012-01-01

, energy savings, type of collaboration etc. Background: Since 2008, several Danish municipalities have started energy retrofitting of municipal buildings, based on contracts with Energy Service Companies. In spite of the strong growth of ESCOs, there is also widespread scepticism about ESCO, as many...

The relationship between job satisfaction and job loyalty among municipal sports officers

OpenAIRE

C. Mafini; J. Surujlal; M. Dhurup

2013-01-01

The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between job satisfaction and job loyalty among municipal sports officers in South Africa. With the rise in the popularity of sport in South Africa, municipalities throughout the country face the challenge of providing improved sports services. To meet this challenge, municipalities employ a variety of sports professionals, among whom are municipal sport officers. In order for them to function effectively, it is necessary for municipali...

Measurements for municipalities 2007

NARCIS (Netherlands)

B. Kuhry; J.J.J. Jonker; with participation of M. Ras

2007-01-01

Original title: Maten voor gemeenten 2007. Measurements for municipalities 2007 presents a national picture of the performance delivered by local authorities and the costs of doing so. The analyses relate to the period 2000-2005. This is the fifth time this quantitative and integrated picture

Measurements for municipalities 2006

NARCIS (Netherlands)

B. Kuhry; J.J.J. Jonker; with cooperation of Bureau Zenc

2006-01-01

Original title: Maten voor gemeenten 2006. Measurements for municipalities 2006 (Maten voor gemeenten 2006) presents a national picture of the performance delivered by local authorities and the costs of doing so. The analyses relate to the period 1999-2004. This is the fourth time

Neurossífilis resistente a altas doses de penicilina: registro de um caso

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Ricardo Nitrini

1984-03-01

Full Text Available É relatado caso de paciente com neurossífilis que apresentou deterioração clínica e persistência de alterações do líquido cefalorraqueano após repetidas tentativas terapêuticas com altas doses de penicilina. Tratamento com cloranfenicol resultou em estabilização do quadro clínico e melhora laboratorial.

Una Mirada Probabilística al Concreto de Alta Resistencia

OpenAIRE

Zaira A. Cerón S.; Juan Ruge; Álvaro Rodríguez

2015-01-01

Este artículo presenta el análisis probabilístico realizado a dos diseños de mezcla para concreto de alta resistencia como primer paso para obtener un modelo estadístico que logre expresar los resultados de una forma más útil y permita determinar la resistencia y la calidad potencial del concreto. El análisis de resultados del ensayo de resistencia a compresión del concreto se llevó a cabo mediante el uso de un software estadístico llamado SPSS, que a partir de las diferentes variables estadí...

Compaction and packaging of dry active municipal wastes

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Chen Zongming; Xi Xinmin

1994-01-01

The authors present the feature of a compaction system for active municipal wastes and the radiological monitoring results of workplace and environment. A variety of dry active municipal wastes could be compacted by this system. Volume reduction factor attained to 5 to 7 for soft wastes and 8 to 13 for hard wastes. No evident radiological impact was found on workplace and environment

La formación en altas capacidades intelectuales de los profesionales psicoeducativos: resultados del curso de especialización de la Universidad de Málaga

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Milagros Fernández Molina

2016-12-01

Full Text Available La atención educativa de los estudiantes con altas capacidades intelectuales la realizan diferentes profesionales en la escuela, pero son escasas las oportunidades de formación de las que disponen. En la Universidad de Málaga se desarrolla un curso especializado desde 2011, que ha sido evaluado para este trabajo mediante el método de encuesta. Los resultados muestran que existe una tasa de matriculación alta, la mayoría son mujeres y suelen ser estudiantes o graduados en Psicología o Magisterio, con escasa formación ni experiencia previa en alta capacidad. Los alumnos han realizado aprendizajes muy valiosos sobre los prejuicios, la intervención, y la cooperación con las familias. Asimismo se perciben positivamente los contenidos curriculares impartidos yla metodología de clase utilizada por los docentes. Se discuten estos resultados resaltando sus implicaciones de cara a la mejora de la cultura social acerca de la alta capacidad.

Methodology for Assessing the Work of Small Business at the Municipal Level

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Aleksandr Evgen’evich Kremin

2016-07-01

Full Text Available In order to promote sustainable socio-economic development in a municipality, its local authorities face the task of establishing an industrial and financial base on their territory, it will help increase its level of economic independence. On the basis of foreign experience and domestic research on territorial development it can be concluded that one of the most effective ways to enhance the level of socio-economic development of the municipality is to boost its small business. Effective management of this economic sector requires adequate assessment of its functioning at the municipal level. The analysis of existing methodologies for assessing the functioning of small business at the municipal level shows that none of them meets the criteria that the author of the present paper has selected and that are necessary for efficient research into the small business sector. In this regard, a methodology for estimating the work of small business at the municipal level was elaborated, and tested on the statistic data of municipal formations of the Vologda Oblast. The study reveals municipalities with the highest and lowest levels of small business development. In addition, municipalities were grouped in three blocks that represent different characteristics of their functioning. Taking into account the problems of business subjects, the study has developed measures to increase the level of development for each group of municipalities. Implementing these activities will help intensify the work of the sector of the economy under consideration, and increase the economic independence of territorial formations in the region. The paper can be used to assess the effectiveness of activities aimed to support small business in the region and to help regional and municipal authorities to work out a strategy for further development of this economic sector

Municipal Treated Wastewater Irrigation: Microbiological Risk Evaluation

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Antonio Lonigro

2008-06-01

Full Text Available Municipal wastewater for irrigation, though treated, can contain substances and pathogens toxic for humans and animals. Pathogens, although not harmful from an agronomical aspect, undoubtedly represent a major concern with regards to sanitary and hygienic profile. In fact, vegetable crops irrigated with treated wastewater exalt the risk of infection since these products can also be eaten raw, as well as transformed or cooked. Practically, the evaluation of the microbiological risk is important to verify if the microbial limits imposed by law for treated municipal wastewater for irrigation, are valid, thus justifying the treatments costs, or if they are too low and, therefore, they don’ t justify them. Different probabilistic models have been studied to assess the microbiological risk; among these, the Beta-Poisson model resulted the most reliable. Thus, the Dipartimento di Scienze delle Produzioni Vegetali of the University of Bari, which has been carrying out researches on irrigation with municipal filtered wastewater for several years, considered interesting to verify if the microbial limits imposed by the italian law n.185/03 are too severe, estimating the biological risk by the probabilistic Beta-Poisson model. Results of field trials on vegetable crops irrigated by municipal filtered wastewater, processed by the Beta-Poisson model, show that the probability to get infection and/or illness is extremely low, and that the actual italian microbial limits are excessively restrictive.

Animas Altas' “Friezes Building”. Being Paracas At The Lower Ica Valley

OpenAIRE

Bachir Bacha, Aïcha

2017-01-01

This paper presents and discusses the results of recent investigations carried out by the Ánimas Altas Archaeological Program, in the Ica department, southern Peru. A particular emphasis is put on the excavations conducted at a frieze-decorated building. The analysis of the material culture registered in this building, particularly of the icons depicted on the friezes, not only offers some interpretations regarding Paracas symbology and cosmovision but also sheds lights on critical aspects re...

Measurements for municipalities 2012

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Evert Pommer; Ingrid Ooms; Ab van der Torre; Saskia Jansen

2012-01-01

Original title: Maten voor gemeenten 2012 Local authorities in the Netherlands are playing an ever more important role in the delivery of services to citizens, as more and more tasks are transferred from central to local government. Dutch municipalities spent a combined total of 56 billion

Evaluation of the environmental noise levels in Abuja Municipality ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

Objectives: To assess the equivalent noise level (Leq) in Abuja municipality and promote a simple method for regular assessment of Leq within our environment. Methods: This is a cross-sectional community based study of the environmental Leq of Abuja municipality conducted between January 2014 and January 2016.

An Analysis of health conditions in municipalities of Paraná

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Ovídio Cesar Barbosa

2015-12-01

Full Text Available The objective of the study is to analyze the health conditions in the municipal districts checking which of them best optimize the available resources, consequently offering more and better services to the population. In this approach, first was characterized the public health in Brazil, in the state of Paraná and in its municipalities. We build a Performance Indicator for each county in the state (PI and used variables representing mortality and longevity - infant mortality, mortality up to five years, life expectancy and probability of achieving 60 years. Regarding variables, those relating to health spending, the analysis period was from 2007 to 2010, the population information refer to the 2010 Census and the related infrastructure and health of the population, were collected at the DATASUS. The work includes all municipalities in the state of Paraná. By analyzing the results it was found that there are municipalities that can equate better their inputs and thus provide better service to its population, consequently your ID is better. Another aspect to consider is that the municipalities considered Big City are less dependent on current transfers both the state and the Union, which also have better PI. The city of Colombo was the one with the best performance indicator, while the municipalities of Cruzmaltina and Cantagalo have the worst state ID.

Municipal development indexes and petroleum royalties: a multivariable comparison approach of profiles among municipalities that receive or do not receive royalties for the petroleum they produce

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Danilo Alessandro Lüdke Pereira

2017-09-01

Full Text Available The Brazilian oil industry has achieved high growth rates and in 2006, the country’s self-sufficiency in oil was announced. From 1991 to 2011, Petrobras’ reserves grew by 164%. In the same period, Brazil passed the oil law (Law No. 9478, establishing new criteria for the transfer of oil royalties to Brazilian municipalities. Thus, this study aims to determine whether royalty payments to municipalities have improved their social indicators in perceptible ways. Therefore, a comparison between municipalities of similar population size that receive royalties and municipalities that do not receive them, was carried out. For the comparison, certain variables were used such as: IDHM, IFDM, IDEB and the incidence of poverty. We have used the techniques of Profile Analysis, Cluster Analysis and Factor Analysis in order to verify the difference between the matrices of data, both in the municipalities cities that receive royalties and in the ones that do not receive them.

Effectiveness of the Use and Management of Municipal Real Property in Bulgaria

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Statty Stattev

2013-08-01

Full Text Available The paper provides an assessment of the effectiveness of the use and management of municipal real property (MRP, using data gathered through 173 questionnaires, addressed to representatives of 39 municipalities in Bulgaria. The paper is structured as follows: The first section gives information about the municipalities and is based on the following criteria: evaluation of the conditions in the cities; appraisal of the financial situation of the municipalities, the main sources of funding, and the sources that should be used in order to improve the their finances; existence of the relevant planning instruments, etc. The second section focuses on MRP and refers to criteria such as: rating of different aspects of MRP; existence of MRP inventory, municipal strategy and municipal unit dealing exclusively with MRP; evaluation of the selling values and the level of actual MPR rents in comparison to market rents; outsourcing of MRP management functions; assessment of the interdependence between different units of the municipalities; analysis of the focus of the attention of the elected decision makers. The paper ends with some conclusions concerning the identified problems in the process of MRP management in Bulgaria.

Using life cycle assessment for municipal solid waste management in Tehran Municipality Region 20

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Salar Omid

2017-05-01

Full Text Available Background: Due to the lack of a proper waste management system, Tehran Municipality Region 20 is facing economic and environmental problems such as the high costs of a disposal system and source pollution. Life cycle assessment (LCA is a method for collecting and evaluating the inputs, outputs, and potential environmental impacts of a product system throughout its life cycle. The current study purposed to provide a stable and optimized system of solid waste management in Tehran Municipality Region 20. Methods: The LCA method was used to evaluate various scenarios and compare the effects on environmental aspects of management systems. Four scenarios were defined based on existing and possible future waste management systems for this region. These scenarios were considered with different percentages for source separation, composting, recycling, and energy recovery. Results: Based on the results of this study, Scenario 4 (source separation [14%] + composting [30%] + municipal recycling facility [MRF] [20%] + energy recovery [10%] + landfilling [26%] was found to be the option with the minimum environmental impact. In the absence of government support and sufficient funds for establishing energy recovery facilities, the third scenario (source separation [14%] + composting [30%] +MRF [20%] + landfilling [36%] is recommended. Conclusion: The results acquired from this investigation will confirm the belief that LCA as an environmental device may be successfully used in an integrated solid waste management system (ISWMS as a support tool for decision-making.

Study on Construction Technology of Municipal Road and Bridge Concrete

Science.gov (United States)

Tang, Fuyong

2018-03-01

With the continuous development of social economy and the accelerating process of urbanization, municipal road and bridge projects have also shown a trend of rapid development. Municipal road and bridge work can fully reflect the economic and cultural development level of cities and is also an important symbol of urban development. As a basic material of construction, concrete is widely used in engineering construction. This article will analyze the municipal road and bridge concrete construction technology, put forward corresponding measures.

A Business Case Method for IT Investments in Danish Municipalities

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Persson, John Stouby; Nielsen, Peter Axel

2012-01-01

Effective management of information technology (IT) investments is increasingly important for Danish municipalities. This is why they along with other both public and private sector organizations increasingly are using IT business cases. The business case is a document specifying the main rationale...... behind the expected value and cost of an IT investment for the adopting organization. However, experiences from Danish municipalities reveal difficulties in developing effective IT business cases for purposes beyond simple cost savings. Based on collaborative action research with Danish municipalities...

77 FR 65875 - Adequacy of Arizona Municipal Solid Waste Landfill Permit Program

Science.gov (United States)

2012-10-31

... Municipal Solid Waste Landfill Permit Program AGENCY: Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). ACTION: Notice... modification to Arizona's municipal solid waste landfill (MSWLF) permit program to allow the State to issue... amending the municipal solid waste landfill criteria at 40 CFR 258.4 to allow for Research, Development...

Exploring Challenges of Municipal Service Delivery in South Africa (1994 - 2013

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Modimowabarwa Kanyane

2014-03-01

Full Text Available This article aims to explore municipal service delivery challenges in South Africa between 1994 and 2013 in order to stimulate debate in addressing problems and challenges confronting municipalities. A fundamental question to be asked stems from the challenges of municipal service delivery. Why, in spite of the existence of regulatory and institutional frameworks, are municipalities still struggling to satisfy basic community needs such as water and electricity amongst others? All of government’s official documents and contemporary literature reviewed, including the summative record of historical facts and narrative data, are evidence of the qualitative research design employed in this study. It is clearly articulated in this article that the existence of a local municipality with poor service delivery is, amongst others, a direct consequence or manifestation of municipal capacity constraints, financial viability problems, service delivery protests, convoluted political process, corruption and poor planning as well as monitoring and evaluation challenges. In the main, the article accounts for why service delivery has failed to meet the expectations of the communities and thereby provide some possible propositions for consideration to attempt to bring a resolve to critical issues raised.

Factors affecting the job satisfaction of municipal sport officers ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

To prevent the voluntary turnover of their employees, municipalities have the obligation to ensure that the needs and expectations of these employees are satisfied. The purpose of this study was to examine factors influencing the job satisfaction of municipal sport officers. Using a quantitative approach, a questionnaire was ...

Canadian municipal carbon trading primer

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Seskus, A.

2002-01-01

The trading of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions is being suggested as an effective economic way to meet Canada's Kyoto target. Emissions trading is a market-based instrument that can help achieve environmental improvements while using the market to absorb the economical and effective measures to achieve emissions reductions. Placing a value on emissions means that in order to minimize costs, companies will be motivated to apply the lowest-cost emission reductions possible for regulatory approval. The two main types of emissions trading that exist in Canada are the trading of emissions that lead to the formation of smog or acid rain, and the trading of greenhouse gas emissions that lead to climate change. Since carbon dioxide is the most prevalent GHG, making up approximately 75 per cent of Canadian GHG emissions, the trading of units of GHGs is often referred to as carbon trading. The impact that emissions trading will have on municipal operations was the focus of this primer. The trading of GHG involves buying and selling of allowances of GHGs between contracting parties, usually between one party that is short of GHG credits and another that has excess credits. The 3 common approaches to emissions trading include allowance trading (cap and trade), credit trading (baseline and credit), and a hybrid system which combines both credit and allowance trading systems. The issues that impact municipalities include the debate regarding who owns the credits from landfills, particularly if power is generated using landfill gas and the power is sold as green power. Other viable questions were also addressed, including who can claim emission reduction credits if a city implements energy efficiency projects, or fuel substitution programs. Also, will municipalities be allowed to trade internationally, for example, with municipalities in the United States, and how should they spend their money earned from selling credits. This report also presents highlights from 3 emissions

76 FR 3881 - Application To Export Electric Energy; TransAlta Energy Marketing (U.S.) Inc.

Science.gov (United States)

2011-01-21

... Energy Marketing (U.S.) Inc. AGENCY: Office of Electricity Delivery and Energy Reliability, DOE. ACTION: Notice of application. SUMMARY: TransAlta Energy Marketing (U.S.) Inc. (TEMUS) has applied to renew its..., Federal power marketing agencies, and other entities within the United States. The existing international...

Climate Ambassador Programmes in Municipalities

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Jørgensen, Michael Søgaard; Pedersen, Stine Rahbek

2016-01-01

Some Danish municipalities have developed ambassador programmes which generate environmental and climate change mitigation efforts in local public administrations and institutions. This chapter analyses the characteristics and experiences of four ambassador programmes now operating...

Un fardo funerario del Horizonte Tardío del sitio Rinconada Alta, valle del Rímac

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

2004-01-01

Full Text Available UN FARDEAU FUNERAIRE DE L’HORIZON RECENT DU SITE DE RINCONADA ALTA, VALLEE DU RIMAC. Cet article porte sur l’ouverure d’un fardeau funéraire originaire de la côte et datant de l’époque Inca. Le fardeau, trouvé sur le site de Rinconada Alta, vallée du Rímac, est particulièrement riche en vêtements et accesoires textiles et nous permet d’examiner un ensemble de tissus associés à un seul homme. Aussi bien les vêtements Incas que côtiers ont été identifiés grâce à des études récentes sur les textiles de l’époque Inca et Inca provincial. L’information ethnohistorique sur la production et la distribution des vêtements a été comparée, dans la mesure du possible, avec les textiles trouvés dans le fardeau. Des comparaisons ont été faites avec d’autres enterrements de la côte de la même époque pour déterminer le niveau de prestige des objets trouvés dans le fardeau. On peut déduire des études arquéologiques, ethnohistoriques et des techniques disponibles sur les textiles le status et les rôles joués au cours de sa vie par l’homme trouvé à Rinconada Alta. L’information est suffisante sur la configuration du fardeau et la disposition dans l’espace des objets non textiles. Les types d’offrandes et leur disposition dans le fardeau nous font penser que, tandis que certaines coutûmes mortuaires furent locales, d’autres ont été plus largement pratiquées sur la côte du Pérou pendant longtemps. Este artículo informa sobre el desenfardelamiento de un fardo funerario costeño que data de la época Inca. El fardo, el cual fue excavado en el sitio de Rinconada Alta, ubicado en el valle del Rímac, abunda en indumentaria y accesorios textiles, brindándonos la oportunidad de examinar un conjunto de textiles asociados a un solo hombre. Se han identificado tanto los tipos de indumentaria Inca como los tipos costeños, aprovechando para ello los estudios recientes sobre textiles Inca e Inca provincial. Las

Efectos de una simetría facial alta, media y baja en un condicionamiento clásico de actitudes hacia logos

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Danilo Zambrano R.

2016-01-01

Full Text Available Con 34 estudiantes de la Universidad de Ibagué (17 de cada sexo y una media de 21 años, se evaluó el efecto de la simetría facial (SF en un Condicionamiento Clásico de Actitudes, mediante un procedimiento simultáneo donde los estímulos incondicionados fueron rostros femeninos con baja, media y alta SF, y como estímulos a condicionar tres logos (Xua, Xue y Xuo. Los resultados muestran una mejor evaluación de los rostros con alta SF; un cambio entre las evaluaciones realizadas antes y después a los logos y, finalmente, que la marca asociada a alta SF obtuvo una evaluación más positiva. Se valora el impacto del estudio en la operacionalización del atractivo físico, la identificación de estímulos incondicionados y las ventajas del procedimiento en la evaluación de comunicaciones persuasivas.

A política municipal de saúde em dados: a experiência da pesquisa municipal unificada - PMU 1992, 1995 e 1997 da fundação SEADE The municipal health policy in data: the unified municipal research experience - PMU 1992, 1995 and 1997

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Zilda Pereira da Silva

2000-12-01

Full Text Available A produção e a disseminação de informações municipais vêm assumindo papel cada vez mais estratégico enquanto instrumento de gerenciamento dos sistemas municipais de saúde e de subsiadiador do diálogo entre o poder central, os setores estaduais e a prefeitura municipal. Com o objetivo de disponibilizar e divulgar informações que procuram valorizar o SUS municipal, foi feita uma pesquisa nos 645 municípios paulistas, cujos resultados foram sistematizados em produto eletrônico com 11 temas. A divulgação de um painel de informações revela que os municípios têm-se adequado aos princípios do SUS. Os resultados também indicam que a necessidade da informação como ferramenta de gestão vem envolvendo, cada vez mais, os responsáveis pelas políticas de saúde. As informações coletadas e disponibilizadas no tema Saúde suprem lacunas de pesquisas primárias que não abordam os 645 municípios do Estado; estas informações e as dos demais temas possibilitam o desenho de um panorama intersetorial de cada um dos municípios.Production and dissemination of municipal information have played an increasingly strategic role as management tools of municipal health systems and dialogue subsidizer among federal authorities, state sectors and municipal authorities. Research was carried out in 645 cities in the State of São Paulo and the results systematized in an electronic product with 11 topics. Its purpose was to make information available and disseminate information that values the municipal SUS. The promotion of an information board reveals that the cities have adjusted to SUS principles. The results also indicate that the need to have information as a management tool is increasingly involving those responsible for health policies. Information gathered and conveyed in the topic. Health topic fills gaps of primary research that did not cover the 645 cities of the State. This information and data on other topics enable the design of an

The development of a municipal water conservation and demand ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

Municipalities often fail to realise that most WC/WDM activities will pay for themselves and that financial institutions will fund these projects if a proper business case could be compiled. Ironically municipalities have complained that they are unable to obtain funding while most financial institutions complain that they cannot ...

A mathematical model of combustion kinetics of municipal solid ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

Municipal Solid Waste has become a serious environmental problem troubling many cities. In this paper, a mathematical model of combustion kinetics of municipal solid waste with focus on plastic waste was studied. An analytical solution is obtained for the model. From the numerical simulation, it is observed that the ...

Municipalities as facilitators, regulators and energy consumers

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Lybæk, Rikke; Kjær, Tyge

2015-01-01

Biogas provides many potential benefits as far as renewable energy production, environmental protection and job creation etc. Insufficient initiatives from government/municipalities however hamper more biogas plants to be established, and hence that the large manure potential, and other types...... of digestible organic waste materials, are being utilized for energy purposes. By looking at municipalities as energy consumer’s, that constitutes a local market for biogas, as regulator’s, enforcing new requirements and regulations on the biogas sector, and finally as facilitator’s, assisting and helping...

Implementation of a bridge management system in the municipal environment

CSIR Research Space (South Africa)

Nordengen, Paul A

2006-10-01

Full Text Available This paper describes the implementation of a bridge management system (BMS) in the municipal environment, with specific reference to the City of Cape Town, the Johannesburg Roads Agency and the Nelson Mandela Metropolitan Municipality...

Creatina y entrenamiento interv??lico de alta intensidad = Creatine and hiits

OpenAIRE

??lvarez S??nchez, Jos?? Luis

2016-01-01

El prop??sito del estudio fue determinar el efecto de la suplementaci??n con Creatina (Cr) en el entrenamiento interv??lico de alta intensidad y definir los posibles beneficios generados de dicha pr??ctica. M??todo: Se seleccionaron 12 sujetos, los cuales fueron divididos en dos grupos: Un grupo control (n=6) y un grupo experimental (n=6, Cr 20gr/d??a una semana y Cr 5gr/d??a tres semanas), todos los sujetos realizaron entrenamiento HIIT en pista dos veces por semana. Se les tomo medicione...

The influence of boundary features on grassland-edge communities of Alta Murgia

OpenAIRE

Cassano, Stefania; Alignier, Audrey; Forte, Luigi; Labadessa, Rocco; Mairota, Paola

2016-01-01

Many studies suggest the importance of boundary features on plant community dynamics. Our aim was to investigate the influence of boundary features on edge plant assemblages in semi-natural dry grasslands. For this purpose we selected 16 grassland edges in the central portion of the Natura 2000 site Murgia Alta, in southeastern Italy. These sites were selected according to a combination of boundary features, i.e. the adjoining land use type (road or cereal crop), slope (grassland tilted towar...

A review on current status of municipal solid waste management in India.

Science.gov (United States)

Gupta, Neha; Yadav, Krishna Kumar; Kumar, Vinit

2015-11-01

Municipal solid waste management is a major environmental issue in India. Due to rapid increase in urbanization, industrialization and population, the generation rate of municipal solid waste in Indian cities and towns is also increased. Mismanagement of municipal solid waste can cause adverse environmental impacts, public health risk and other socio-economic problem. This paper presents an overview of current status of solid waste management in India which can help the competent authorities responsible for municipal solid waste management and researchers to prepare more efficient plans. Copyright © 2015. Published by Elsevier B.V.

Contextualising the Guidelines of Contracting Organisational Development Consultants in South African Municipalities

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Malefetsane Mofolo

2014-03-01

Full Text Available As part of the developmental process, municipalities are required to implement certain mechanisms to improve performance, and are legally bound to implement mechanisms “situated” within the programme of organisational development (OD. Unfortunately, due to the lack of capacity, municipalities apparently make use of professional OD consultants from outside. Therefore, thisarticle explores the manner in which relationship can be enhanced between municipalities and consultants. Furthermore, the article also highlights core aspects that municipalities should take into consideration during contract negotiations and drafting, and suggests some conditions required to promote skills transfer.

GENDER BASED E-PROCUREMENT WITHIN THE CITY OF JOHANNESBURG METROPOLITAN MUNICIPALITY

OpenAIRE

Kiwekete, A Kithatu; Doorgapersad, Shikha Vyas

2017-01-01

Municipalities in South Africa are expected to utilise their purchasing processes to promote gender equality. A key external goal of municipal procurement is to redress inequalities through economic opportunities and economic equity to the benefit of both men and women. Currently, most municipalities are transforming their services through electronic mode, resulting in the use of e-procurement processes which link business-to-business, business-to-consumer, and business-to...

Probabilistic assessment of wildfire hazard and municipal watershed exposure

Science.gov (United States)

Joe Scott; Don Helmbrecht; Matthew P. Thompson; David E. Calkin; Kate Marcille

2012-01-01

The occurrence of wildfires within municipal watersheds can result in significant impacts to water quality and ultimately human health and safety. In this paper, we illustrate the application of geospatial analysis and burn probability modeling to assess the exposure of municipal watersheds to wildfire. Our assessment of wildfire exposure consists of two primary...

Neural Networks Modelling of Municipal Real Estate Market Rent Rates

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Muczyński Andrzej

2016-12-01

Full Text Available This paper presents the results of research on the application of neural networks modelling of municipal real estate market rent rates. The test procedure was based on selected networks trained on the local real estate market data and transformation of the detected dependencies – through established models – to estimate the potential market rent rates of municipal premises. On this basis, the assessment of the adequacy of the actual market rent rates of municipal properties was made. Empirical research was conducted on the local real estate market of the city of Olsztyn in Poland. In order to describe the phenomenon of market rent rates formation an unidirectional three-layer network and a network of radial base was selected. Analyses showed a relatively low degree of convergence of the actual municipal rent rents with potential market rent rates. This degree was strongly varied depending on the type of business ran on the property and its’ social and economic impact. The applied research methodology and the obtained results can be used in order to rationalize municipal property management, including the activation of rental policy.

TOURISM AS A FACTOR OF MUNICIPAL DEVELOPMENT

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Stefka Timareva

2017-12-01

Full Text Available Tourism is one of the fastest growing industries in the world, which has extremely diverse impact on the lifestyle of the local population on the one hand and on the other for the modern traveler. At the same time, this modern "phenomenon" plays an important role in the socio-economic and political development of the host country, region or municipality, offering new employment opportunities for the local population and improving the way of life by providing additional income. The development of tourism in a municipality is based on a certain resource base, which consists of a variety of natural and anthropogenic resources, a prerequisite for the development of various alternative types of tourism. Its importance as a form of recreation consists mainly of its potential to be a leading factor in the development of municipalities and in diversifying their economic structure. Tourism has significant effects manifested by positive migratory balance, especially where the tourism industry is leading and is a driver of positive development. For the successful realization of tourism as a leading economic and social factor, it is important to make a real and precise system for its planning and management, adequate human resources competence as well as close cooperation between the public and private sector, legal tourist base, development and the implementation of tourism projects and last but not least, a real development strategy in the relevant municipality.

Types, risks and market of municipal bonds

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Grujić Miloš

2012-01-01

Full Text Available Municipal bonds are issued by cities, municipalities or other local communities in order to quickly raise funds to cover current budget deficits, finish infrastructure projects for production and distribution of thermal energy, improve water supply, road construction, sports and recreation centers, schools or to fund such projects on more favorable terms than to borrow from banks. In this manner, necessary conditions are created for faster development of the real sector. The aim of this study is to evaluate the importance, possibilities and effects of the bond issue in the Republika Srpska aimed at securing funding for and development of local communities. Good examples that local government bonds enhance community development include capital markets in countries that have made the transition from the socialist system design, similar to the market of the Republika Srpska, like the Polish, Slovakian, Hungarian and Croatian markets. Issues of municipal bonds in the Republika Srpska succeeded mostly due to the workings of Investment-Development Bank of RS. However, it certainly shows that further high-quality municipal bonds could attract more interest from various institutional investors, especially mutual funds and insurance companies, and investors who are more risk-averse will be able to familiarize and inform themselves with the functioning of capital markets. In this manner, our capital market would confirm its essential role and thus become a generator of overall economic development of the Republika Srpska because it would enable more efficient collection and allocation of capital resources.

7 CFR 1714.5 - Determination of interest rates on municipal rate loans.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-01-01

... 7 Agriculture 11 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Determination of interest rates on municipal rate... General § 1714.5 Determination of interest rates on municipal rate loans. (a) RUS will post on the RUS website, Electric Program HomePage, a schedule of interest rates for municipal rate loans at the beginning...

SIMULACIÓN MEDIANTE REDES NEURONALES DEL ENFRIAMIENTO DEL ARCO ELÉCTRICO EN DISYUNTORES DE ALTA TENSIÓN

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

ALEXANDRO BRYANTSEVICH

2010-07-01

Full Text Available La formulación de los modelos analíticos de enfriamiento de los arcos eléctricos en disyuntores de alta tensión todavía presenta muchas dificultades, y requiere nuevas hipótesis que los simplifique sustancialmente en relación con la realidad. Desde un punto de vista técnico, la aplicación de las redes neuronales podría ser una fuente objetiva para la simulación del enfriamiento del arco eléctrico, y para obtener resultados más cercanos a las propiedades reales del interruptor. En este trabajo se describe la problemática del desarrollo de modelos analíticos vinculados al enfriamiento del arco eléctrico de disyuntores de alta tensión mediante redes neuronales.

Selection of technologies for municipal wastewater treatment

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Juan Pablo Rodríguez Miranda

2015-11-01

Full Text Available In water environmental planning in watersheds should contain aspects for the decontamination of receiving water body, therefore the selection of the treatment plants municipal wastewater in developing countries, you should consider aspects of the typical composition raw wastewater pollutant removal efficiency by technology, performance indicators for technology, environmental aspects of localization and spatial localization strategy. This methodology is built on the basis of technical, economic and environmental attributes, such as a tool for decision making future investments in treatment plants municipal wastewater with multidisciplinary elements.

The Port Hope area initiative municipal involvement

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Austin, Rick; Stevenson, Mark

2006-01-01

Port Hope (Canada) contains one of the world's oldest nuclear facility sites. From the 1930's through to the 1970's, processing residues from radium refining facilities located at the Port Hope Harbour were being stored and/or deposited on numerous sites throughout the municipality. For a variety of reasons, including spillage of material during transportation and un-monitored or unauthorized diversion of materials, many private and public properties in the municipality were contaminated with low level radioactive waste. Over the past 30 years, the community has demanded that the nuclear industry and the federal government clean up the mess left in Port Hope. In the 1980's and 1990's, the federal government sought to fulfill its commitment to clean up over one million cubic metres of contaminated material remaining in Port Hope but was unable to find a solution. The Low Level Radioactive Waste Management Siting Task Force worked in trying to find a home for historic LLRW in the 1980's and 1990's. It is only within the past 6 years that Port Hope's community began to see the 'light at the end of the tunnel'. And, the light began to shine when the communities took the issue of long term management of the waste into their own hands and proposed possible solutions to the federal government. So the Port Hope Area Initiative is a community-based initiative. In this paper the author presents some of the reasons for success (so far) and some opportunities and challenges that his municipality, and specifically municipal Council, faces as a partner in this Environmental Assessment and project development process. He addresses some of the key elements of the Project that he believes have led to the success of the Project to this point, including: the Legal Agreement and Agreement Monitoring process; the Property Value Protection Program; the Hosting Fee; the Municipal veto on some decisions; the end Use as an asset to the Community; the Value of Peer Review. He also touches

Inter-municipal communities as semi-regional (quasi governments

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Golić Darko

2014-01-01

Full Text Available In this paper, the author discusses specific forms of integrated inter-municipal cooperation in some European countries which have certain characteristics of regional governments. Relying on the analysis of different forms of this inter-municipal cooperation, the author elaborates on some common features underlying these communities, with specific reference to their functional aspects. Bearing in mind that the imminent needs for regional planning, coordination of local policies and operation of regional offices are exercised through different institutional solutions, we point out that it is possible to provide an appropriate institutional and decentralized framework for accomplishing these goals even without changing the existing territorial organization system. Although the entities that are created through these specific forms of inter-municipal cooperation cannot be designated as territorial-political units in institutional terms, this is what they are from a functional point of view.

[Municipalities as places for social work for the elderly].

Science.gov (United States)

Rüßler, Harald; Heite, Elisabeth

2017-07-01

Against the background of social and demographic changes, this article addresses the design and organization of processes of aging within municipal contexts. It is assumed that the renaissance of the local communal situation corresponds to processes of individualization and subjectivation, which are characteristic for (post)industrial western societies, and that this development is one of the reasons that community-based social work is regaining importance. A case study of social work for the elderly in a municipality of the Ruhr area, which is imbedded in a municipal senior citizens policy concept, illustrates this assumption. The conclusion identifies the scope of actions for social work for the elderly as well as their limitations.

Integrated satellite InSAR and slope stability modeling to support hazard assessment at the Safuna Alta glacial lake, Peru

Science.gov (United States)

Cochachin, Alejo; Frey, Holger; Huggel, Christian; Strozzi, Tazio; Büechi, Emanuel; Cui, Fanpeng; Flores, Andrés; Saito, Carlos

2017-04-01

The Safuna glacial lakes (77˚ 37' W, 08˚ 50' S) are located in the headwater of the Tayapampa catchment, in the northernmost part of the Cordillera Blanca, Peru. The upper lake, Laguna Safuna Alta at 4354 m asl has formed in the 1960s behind a terminal moraine of the retreating Pucajirca Glacier, named after the peak south of the lakes. Safuna Alta currently has a volume of 15 x 106 m3. In 2002 a rock fall of several million m3 from the proximal left lateral moraine hit the Safuna Alta lake and triggered an impact wave which overtopped the moraine dam and passed into the lower lake, Laguna Safuna Baja, which absorbed most of the outburst flood from the upper lake, but nevertheless causing loss in cattle, degradation of agricultural land downstream and damages to a hydroelectric power station in Quitaracsa gorge. Event reconstructions showed that the impact wave in the Safuna Alta lake had a runup height of 100 m or more, and weakened the moraine dam of Safuna Alta. This fact, in combination with the large lake volumes and the continued possibility for landslides from the left proximal moraine pose a considerable risk for the downstream settlements as well as the recently completed Quitaracsa hydroelectric power plant. In the framework of a project funded by the European Space Agency (ESA), the hazard situation at the Safuna Alta lake is assessed by a combination of satellite radar data analysis, field investigations, and slope stability modeling. Interferometric analyses of the Synthetic Aperture Radar (InSAR) of ALOS-1 Palsar-1, ALOS-2 Palsar-2 and Sentinel-1 data from 2016 reveal terrain displacements of 2 cm y-1 in the detachment zone of the 2002 rock avalanche. More detailed insights into the characteristics of these terrain deformations are gained by repeat surveys with differential GPS (DGPS) and tachymetric measurements. A drone flight provides the information for the generation of a high-resolution digital elevation model (DEM), which is used for the

Conditions in tax collection: an analysis for the municipalities of Minas Gerais

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Michelle Aparecida Vieira

2017-05-01

Full Text Available Aiming to know which local characteristics influence the own tax revenues of municipalities in Minas Gerais, the bibliographic referential of this article versa on federalism and fiscal decentralization, indicating variables identified in the literature as determinants of municipal tax collection. The own tax revenues depends mainly on municipal tax bases and the rates levied on these bases. Thus, the municipality's income, as well as the weight of urban activities and the degree of formalization of economic activity, determine the size of this tax base and consequently the amount of funds raised. To analyze the local characteristics, secondary data were collected on the fiscal capacity of Minas Gerais municipalities for 2010, in view of the availability of data for this year. Was used factor analysis to group the variables, and quantile regression (RQ to check the effect of these in different stages of Municipal Own Revenues (MOR. Were obtained three factors: "Economic Aspects"; "Structural Aspects" and "Financial Aspects", which grouped the variables according to the correlation shown between them. With the RQ could be seen that these factors affect differently the quantile MOR (q.10, q.25, q.50, q.75 and q.90, and the highest rates are attributed to higher own tax revenues levels, demonstrating that these factors are most influential in the municipalities of higher own tax revenues. Knowing the conditions of own revenues of municipalities allows the public administration to implement actions to avoid the tax collection inefficiency, promoting the main economic activities that make up your tax base.

Municipal services as a means of increasing the citizens’ activity

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Olga Valeryevna Yakhina

2015-06-01

Full Text Available Objective to propose ways of increasing the activity of Russian citizens through the institution of municipal services. Methods the methodological basis of the study was a systematic and integrated approach to the analysis of the institution of municipal services. The general philosophical method was used as well as general scientific methods of cognition dialectical systemic analysis and synthesis induction and deduction and specific scientific methods comparativelegal formallegal historicallegal sociological systemicfunctional theoreticalprognostic linguolegal methods. In particular the formallegal method was used to study the problem of the legal fixation of administrative regulations statuses the theoreticalprognostic method was used in preparing recommendations to increase the activity of citizens. Results the municipal services are regarded by the author as a way to meet the needs of the population of a particular territory and as a way of interaction between local public authorities and the citizens. The issue of the functioning of emunicipalities is studied as well as the shortcomings in the legal regulation in this field. The problem is discussed of insufficient use of the Internet in the local authoritiesrsquo interaction with citizens. The author suggests ways to improve the Federal Law quotOn the organization of state and municipal servicesquot N 210FZ of July 2 2010 regarding the use of the Internet as a means of feedback between the public authorities and the population of a territory. Special attention is paid to normative legal acts regulating the procedure of municipal services provision i.e. the administrative regulations of local authorities. The emerging challenges in the legal regulation of the specified institution are identified the solutions to the identified problems are proposed. Scientific novelty in 2010 the institution of municipal services has undergone significant modernization thus the necessity to its research

Efectos de una simetría facial alta, media y baja en un condicionamiento clásico de actitudes hacia logos

OpenAIRE

Danilo Zambrano R.; Julián David Agudelo T.; Lady Grey Javela; Julio Eduardo Cruz

2016-01-01

Con 34 estudiantes de la Universidad de Ibagué (17 de cada sexo y una media de 21 años), se evaluó el efecto de la simetría facial (SF) en un Condicionamiento Clásico de Actitudes, mediante un procedimiento simultáneo donde los estímulos incondicionados fueron rostros femeninos con baja, media y alta SF, y como estímulos a condicionar tres logos (Xua, Xue y Xuo). Los resultados muestran una mejor evaluación de los rostros con alta SF; un cambio entre las evaluaciones realizada...

Evaluation of implementation of municipal roads’ maintenance plans in Palestine: A pilot case study

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Amjad Issa

2017-09-01

Full Text Available The recent preparation of the Operation and Maintenance (O&M Manual for Palestinian municipalities is an important step to guide them towards preparing and implementing their O&M priority-based plans, considering scare resources. During the course of preparation of the Manual, the proposed procedures were applied at ten pilot municipalities. This study aims to explore the outcome of the implementation of the 2014 O&M road maintenance plans at these municipalities. To achieve this, analysis of the outcome of a questionnaire designed to collect relevant information from these municipalities was conducted. The results show that seven of the targeted municipalities used the prioritization criteria proposed in the O&M Manual. Despite that the remaining municipalities had the liberty to slightly change the relative weight of the indicators, sensitivity analysis was conducted and indicated robustness of the indicators. The average percentage of roads’ lengths of the actually maintained to the planned was 35%, suggesting that the plans were ambitious and need to be more rational. Most of the allocated funds for road maintenance came from the municipalities own budgets, indicating need to have more financing by the government to ensure the integrity of the municipal road infrastructure assets. The results also indicated that 95% of the maintenance works were executed through external contracts, and that the municipalities need to be supported and equipped to conduct the basic road maintenance works. Keywords: Road maintenance plans, Maintenance prioritization, Municipal roads’ maintenance, Maintenance plans evaluation, Palestine

75 FR 53220 - Adequacy of New Hampshire Municipal Solid Waste Landfill Permit Program

Science.gov (United States)

2010-08-31

...] Adequacy of New Hampshire Municipal Solid Waste Landfill Permit Program AGENCY: Environmental Protection... approved municipal solid waste landfill (MSWLF) program. The approved modification allows the State to..., and demonstration (RD&D) permits to be issued to certain municipal solid waste landfills by approved...

Municipal recycling support program. Guide to applicants

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

1989-01-01

The Municipal Recycling Support Program stems from the Ontario Ministry of the Environment's policies and programs begun in 1980 aimed at encouraging the development of source separation projects in Ontario. To qualify for financial assistance, municipalities must play a central role in the implementation and ongoing development of recycling; applications will be supported only if there is adequate and reasonable commitment from markets for recovered materials; recycling systems must operate within the framework of a complete waste management system in which cost effectiveness is an important factor; multi-material projects are encouraged as much as possible; and the Ministry will share the costs of projects with the municipalities. The Ministry provides grants for up to 5 years per project to cover the net operating cost of a project up to a specified maximum percentage of eligible gross operating expenses. This manual provides guidelines for applying for such funding, including definitions of eligibility for operating and capital costs, the use of household bins, and guidelines for promotion and advertising, education, demonstration, and feasibility studies.

76 FR 270 - Alaska: Adequacy of Alaska Municipal Solid Waste Landfill Permit Program

Science.gov (United States)

2011-01-04

...] Alaska: Adequacy of Alaska Municipal Solid Waste Landfill Permit Program AGENCY: Environmental Protection... approved Municipal Solid Waste Landfill (MSWLF) permit program. The approved modification allows the State..., EPA issued a final rule (69 FR 13242) amending the Municipal Solid Waste Landfill (MSWLF) criteria in...

Renewable municipal waste barometer - EurObserv'ER - November 2010

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

2010-11-01

7,7 Mtoe of primary energy produced from the combustion of renewable municipal waste in the European Union in 2009. Approximately half the energy produced in Union European's municipal waste incineration plants is obtained from fermentescible waste (ie biomass waste). To date, incineration is still the main energy conversion channel for renewable municipal waste, for in 2009, biomass energy output stood at 7.7 million toe, which is a 3.3% increase on 2008. Furthermore, this amount could be doubled, assuming a constant level of waste, by investing in modernisation and combustion efficiency improvements

THE IMPORTANCE OF PROJECT MANAGEMENT IN FUNDRAISING FOR MUNICIPAL ADMINISTRATION

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Ivan Coriolano Barros Durand Junior

2014-09-01

Full Text Available It is the constant growth of the public administration challenges in meeting the huge demand generated by the needs in education, health, housing, infrastructure and social assistance,which can rarely be met only by the usual collection of fees of the municipalities. Hence, and in order to properly document the uses of public resources, the Federal Government adopted a new instance on the release of public funds to meet the demands of the municipalities by requiring the production of projects. Thus, mechanisms have been developed in order to receive and review projects developed in municipal levels.

Analysis of Japanese Municipalities With Geopark, MAB, and GIAHS Certification

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Ryo Kohsaka

2015-11-01

Full Text Available We analyzed the discussions of Japanese municipalities in their process for obtaining certifications for the Geoparks by the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO, the Man and the Biosphere Programme (MAB by the UNESCO, and the Globally Important Agricultural Heritage systems (GIAHS by the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO of the United Nations. The official records at the municipality diet were analyzed in a quantitative manner from 2011 to 2013. As the first step, we analyzed the eight municipalities of Noto and Sado for the GIAHS, the cities Itoigawa and Hakusan for the Geopark, and Katsuyama Yamanouchi village from Nagano for the MAB. As individual examples, we analyzed City of Suzu with GIAHS, Itoigawa (Geopark, and Yamanouchi town (MAB with the text-mining approach. For the GIAHS, it was clear that the larger municipalities with city status tended to discuss certification issues more frequently than the smaller towns and villages. Terms such as conservation and certification tended to be used with GIAHS at the Suzu City. The term brand was used with GIAHS and MAB but not for the Geopark. The findings using quantitative methods are at initial stage for analysis of municipality strategies and require further future research.

Partnerships for development: municipal solid waste management in Kasese, Uganda.

Science.gov (United States)

Christensen, David; Drysdale, David; Hansen, Kenneth; Vanhille, Josefine; Wolf, Andreas

2014-11-01

Municipal solid waste management systems of many developing countries are commonly constrained by factors such as limited financial resources and poor governance, making it a difficult proposition to break with complex, entrenched and unsustainable technologies and systems. This article highlights strategic partnerships as a way to affect a distributed agency among several sets of stakeholders to break so-called path dependencies, which occur when such unsustainable pathways arise, stabilize and become self-reinforcing over time. Experiences from a North-South collaborative effort provide some lessons in such partnership building: In Uganda and Denmark, respectively, the World Wildlife Fund and the network organization access2innovation have mobilized stakeholders around improving the municipal solid waste management system in Kasese District. Through a municipal solid waste management system characterization and mapping exercise, some emergent lessons and guiding principles in partnership building point to both pitfalls and opportunities for designing sustainable pathways. First, socio-technical lock-in effects in the municipal solid waste management system can stand in the way of partnerships based on introducing biogas or incineration technologies. However, opportunities in the municipal solid waste management system can exist within other areas, and synergies can be sought with interlinking systems, such as those represented with sanitation. © The Author(s) 2014.

Alfred pilot wetland to treat municipal lagoon effluent - case study

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Crolla, A.; Kinsley, C.

2002-01-01

A constructed wetland demonstration system has been built to polish the municipal lagoon effluent from the village of Alfred. The treatment lagoons have an annual discharge in the spring and have currently reached maximum capacity; inhibiting further population growth or expansion of the local agri-food industries. The demonstration wetland system is designed to treat 15% of the municipal lagoon influent, that is, 155 m 3 /day or 23,250 m 3 /year. A three year monitoring program (2000-2002) was put in place to evaluate the wetland as a cost effective means to treat municipal lagoon wastewater for the village of Alfred. The 2000 and 2001 monitoring seasons have been completed, and the 2002 monitoring season will operate between June and October 2002. At the completion of the three year monitoring program the Alfred wetland system will be evaluated for its ability to polish the municipal lagoon effluent to meet the Spring/Summer/Fall discharge criteria, set by the Ontario Ministry of the Environment (MOE), for the receiving water body (Azatica Brook). As phosphorus is the most difficult element to remove down to MOE guidelines, the Alfred research wetland includes slag phosphorus adsorption filters and a vegetated filter as phosphorus polishing systems. Once the wetland system is approved by the MOE, the village of Alfred will be able to increase its capacity for municipal wastewater treatment. Constructed wetlands are still considered innovative systems in Ontario and government ministries (MOE, OMAFRA) are insisting upon 3-4 years of monitoring data for each constructed wetland system established. There is a clear need for monitoring data to be gathered on established systems, and for this data to be evaluated with the goal of developing reliable design guidelines. Ultimately this should result in having constructed wetlands recognised as viable wastewater treatment options in Ontario. With fewer grant programs for rural municipalities, cost effective systems such

40 CFR 60.752 - Standards for air emissions from municipal solid waste landfills.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-07-01

... municipal solid waste landfills. 60.752 Section 60.752 Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION... of Performance for Municipal Solid Waste Landfills § 60.752 Standards for air emissions from municipal solid waste landfills. (a) Each owner or operator of an MSW landfill having a design capacity less...

Engaged Problem Formulation of IT Management in Danish Municipalities

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Nielsen, Peter Axel; Persson, John Stouby

2012-01-01

Municipalities’ effectiveness in managing information technology (IT) is increasingly important in adhering to their responsibilities for providing services to citizens. While the municipalities’ difficulty in managing IT has been well documented, it is more elusive what specific problems are most...... relevant in contemporary municipal IT management practice. On this basis, we present an engaged scholarship approach to formulate IT management problems together with municipalities - not for municipalities. We have come to understand such engaged problem formulation as joint researching and defining...... of a contemporary and complex problem by researchers and those who experience and know the problem. We present the formulated IT management problems and discuss the engaged problem formulation process in relation to engaged scholarship. Furthermore, we discuss how engaged problem formulation may contribute...

Early Scholars' Visits to Central America: Reports by Karl Sapper, Walter Lehmann, and Franz Termer, edited by Marilyn Beaudry-Corbett and Ellen T Hardy, Theodore E Gutman, 2000

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Charles C. Kolb

2001-05-01

Full Text Available The Cotsen Institute's Director of Publications is archaeologist Marilyn Beaudry-Corbett, herself a specialist on the production and distribution of archaeological ceramics in Mesoamerica and Central America and a scholar of complex society economic organization. Her colleague and the co-editor of this volume, Ellen Hardy, is a Research Associate at The Cotsen Institute and an expert on mortuary customs of the Nicoya region. Theodore (Ted Gutman (1909-1997 was a longtime supporter of the Institute at UCLA worked on a number of translation projects, several of which are presented here. He was the translator of Karl Sapper's Verapaz im 16. und 17. jahrhundert, which appeared as The Verapaz in the Sixteenth and Seventeenth Centuries: A Contribution to the Historical Geography and Ethnography of Northeastern Guatemala (Los Angeles, University of California, Institute of Archae­ology, Occasional Paper 13, 1985. The contributors to the volume's narrative include, in addtion to Beaudry-Corbett and Hardy, nine other anthropologists who are recognized experts on the region and subject matter.

Agenda 21 Local como instrumento de ordenación territorial: la Mancha Alta Conquense

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Martínez Vega, Javier

2002-12-01

Full Text Available The paper elaborates on the relevance of the of some Local Agenda21 policies implementation to stir up sustainable developments processes. It starts by reviewing different international documents and declarations, addressing some blunders in Spanish policies, which refer to the matter of concern, afterwards. Finally, the main chapters of the Agenda21 for «La Mancha Alta Conquense» are presented, and the results that it is supposed to attain.

El artículo pone de manifiesto la importancia de llevar a la práctica, desde la aplicación de conceptos y métodos geográficos, la recomendación del Programa 21 de impulsar el Desarrollo Sostenible en los territorios, mediante la implantación de la «Agenda 21 Local». Se revisan algunos de los documentos internacionales relacionados con las A21, así como algunas de las experiencias que sobre este tema se están desarrollando en España. Finalmente se expone la estructura y fases de la «Agenda 21 Comarcal de La Mancha Alta Conquense» que se ha puesto en marcha recientemente, así como los resultados que se esperan alcanzar.

How efficient are municipalities in activating cash-help recipients in Denmark

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Weatherall, James; Beltov, Tor

Previous studies do not analyse activation starts as the parameter of interest in evaluating labour market programs. In this paper we evaluate municipality ability to activate cash-help recipients, which helps recipients gain the necessary skills vital to future regular employment in Denmark...... policy (ALMP) practices and organisation can only determine activation participation to a certain extent because unemployed cash-help recipient ability affects participation in activation. Municipalities can improve activation efficiency levels in the future by emulating the efficient municipalities...

Distorted governance: A case of the municipal unit in South Africa

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Bethuel Sibongiseni Ngcamu

2013-11-01

Full Text Available Local government community participation units or departments ineffectively and inefficiently operate based on the directive from their political organisations instead of achieving the objectives of the municipality as per the Integrated Development Plan (IDP. This has resulted in the marginalisation of the local communities on their participation in municipal governance which also has been exacerbated by the employment of employees based on political competencies rather than the unit’s core business requirements. On the backdrop of the above, this study aims to reveal municipal operational hindrances that prevent local communities to participate effectively in the eThekwini Municipality governance as permitted by South African local government legislation. This stated background has necessitated the study to adopt a qualitative approach whereby non-standardized interviews were conducted by the researcher to the sample size of 23. The findings of the study were analysed using NVivo software (version 10. The study revealed an extreme percentage (39% of activities performed by Community Participation and Action Support Unit (CP&AS which were based on coordinating unclear activities. Whereas, 22% were on capacity development of local communities, 12% on communication with internal and external stakeholders, 8% on monitoring and evaluation, 5% on policies, and 3% on partnership with other departments and spheres of government and elected officials and research respectively. The unbalanced and unclear activities performed by the respondents will assist the municipal decision-makers to understand the core causes of poor service delivery as it lies on the failure of the municipal officials to concentrate on their core business. This study contributes to the decision-makers’ understanding of the implications of using the municipal resources to advance political activities, consequently disadvantaging the alleged indigent local communities. The

77 FR 38823 - Notice of Availability of the Alta East Wind Project Draft Environmental Impact Statement...

Science.gov (United States)

2012-06-29

... DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR Bureau of Land Management [CACA-052537, LLCAD05000, L51010000.FX0000, LVRWB11B4520] Notice of Availability of the Alta East Wind Project Draft Environmental Impact Statement/Environmental Impact Report and Proposed California Desert Conservation Area Plan Amendment, Kern County, CA...

Hemorragia digestiva alta severa por úlceras de Cameron. Reporte de caso

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Carolina Salinas

2016-01-01

Full Text Available Se reporta el caso de una mujer anciana con hemorragia digestiva alta y choque hipovolémico secundario a úlceras de Cameron. Dado que estas lesiones se caracterizan por presentar cuadros crónicos de hemorragia sin aparente repercusión, se hace una revisión de esta exótica causa de sangrado digestivo masivo con repercusión hemodinámica. Estas ulceras se deben a abrasión de la mucosa por la contracción del diafragma durante los movimientos respiratorios, lo que genera pérdidas crónicas de sangre.

USO DA INTERNET: DIFERENÇAS ENTRE CLASSE MÉDIA E ALTA

OpenAIRE

Jorge Ferreira da Silva; Patricia Nogueira Gaia; Jorge Brantes Ferreira; Cristiane Junqueira Giovannini

2013-01-01

Este estudo busca propor e testar um modelo que explique o uso da internet pelos jovens e identificar possíveis diferenças neste uso entre jovens de classe média e alta. A motivação para a pesquisa partiu da observação dos novos hábitos de consumo originados do uso da internet por estes jovens, que consideram a tecnologia indispensável em suas vidas. Baseado na literatura, o modelo final envolveu os seguintes fatores: Barreiras Percebidas ao Acesso, Comunicação, Interatividade e Uso da Intern...

Modelo Pre-Proceso de predicción de la Calidad Superficial en Fresado a Alta Velocidad basado en Softcomputing

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Víctor M. Flores

2011-01-01

Full Text Available Resumen: La calidad superficial es uno de los aspectos más cuidados en la fabricación de piezas. Esta calidad se estima frecuentemente en función a la rugosidad superficial. Trabajos que incorporan técnicas de softcomputing al estudio de la rugosidad superficial en-proceso o pos-proceso son relativamente frecuentes en la literatura. Sin embargo, son casi inexistentes los dedicados al estudio de la rugosidad superficial en pre-proceso, pese a que esto puede ayudar a reducir costes asociados al aseguramiento de la calidad superficial en la producción industrial. En este trabajo se presenta una técnica softcomputing para generar un modelo pre-proceso predictivo de la rugosidad superficial basado en experimentación con características diversas del proceso de fresado a alta velocidad. El modelo de predicción es un clasificador Bayesiano, validado con el método k-fold cross-validation y varios valores de mérito, lo que ha permitido verificar la calidad del modelo predictivo respecto a otros modelos basados en técnicas similares. Palabras clave: Mecanizado a alta velocidad, proceso de fresado a alta velocidad, softcomputing, redes Bayesianas, modelos predictivos

El entrenamiento interválico de alta intensidad para el rendimiento deportivo

OpenAIRE

Alvarez Fernández, Iker

2014-01-01

El entrenamiento interválico de alta intensidad (HIIT) ha sido una parte más de los programas de entrenamiento para mejorar el rendimiento deportivo, pero su efecto puntual en los entrenamientos de deportistas altamente entrenados no se conoce en su totalidad, a pesar de ser un elemento importante de la preparación deportiva. En esta revisión veremos cómo diversas investigaciones demuestran los diferentes efectos y adaptaciones que provoca el HIIT en estos deportistas con el fin de la mejora ...

Autocuidado do cuidador familiar de adultos ou idosos dependentes após a alta hospitalar

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Sibely Rabaça Dias da Costa

2014-12-01

Full Text Available Este artigo apresenta uma compreensão sobre o autocuidado do cuidador familiar segundo a teoria de Dorothea Orem. Resulta de uma pesquisa qualitativa com aporte da Teoria Fundamentada nos Dados, utilizando-se das técnicas de visita domiciliar, registro de notas de campo e entrevista semiestruturada com 11 cuidadores, após a internação de familiar em um Hospital Universitário de Minas Gerais. Foram obtidas quatro categorias, destacando uma categoria central, em torno da qual se analisaram as facilidades, dificuldades e estratégias para o autocuidado do cuidador. Entre as dificuldades, foram evidenciadas: tempo insuficiente para os cuidados com a saúde e, entre as facilidades, o apoio de outros familiares. As principais estratégias foram: apoio na fé; revezamento nos cuidados e recursos na comunidade. Concluiu-se que orientações no momento da alta e o acompanhamento de enfermagem após a alta contribuem para o autocuidado do cuidador, atuando sobre suas dificuldades e estimulando suas potencialidades.

The incorporation of public international law into municipal law and ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

Monism and dualism represent two different approaches towards the relationship between public international law and municipal law. While the former views public international law and municipal law as a single legal system, the latter regards these two areas of law as separate and distinct legal systems that exist ...

Shared use agreements between municipalities and public schools in the United States, 2014.

Science.gov (United States)

Omura, John D; Carlson, Susan A; Paul, Prabasaj; Sliwa, Sarah; Onufrak, Stephen J; Fulton, Janet E

2017-02-01

Shared use agreements allow public use of school facilities during non-school hours. Such agreements can cover outdoor facilities alone or may be more comprehensive by also including indoor facilities. Our aim was to: 1) estimate the prevalence of shared use agreements and facility types covered among U.S. municipalities and 2) identify differences in prevalence by municipality characteristics. The 2014 National Survey of Community-based Policy and Environmental Supports for Healthy Eating and Active Living is a representative survey of US municipalities (n=2029). Data were analyzed using survey weights to create national estimates. Logistic and multinomial regression models determined odds ratios adjusting for municipality characteristics. Among 1930 municipalities with a school, 41.6% had a shared use agreement as reported by a local official, 45.6% did not, and 12.8% did not know. Significant differences in prevalence existed by population size, rural/urban status, poverty prevalence, median education level, and census region; however, after adjustment for other municipality characteristics significant differences remained only by population size, median education level, and census region. Among municipalities with a shared use agreement, 59.6% covered both outdoor and indoor facilities, 5.5% covered indoor facilities only, and 34.9% covered outdoor facilities only. Opportunities exist to expand the use of shared use agreements particularly in municipalities with small populations, lower education levels, and in the South, and to promote more comprehensive shared use agreements that include both indoor and outdoor facilities. Published by Elsevier Inc.

Knowledge and technology transfer to improve the municipal solid waste management system of Durango City, Mexico.

Science.gov (United States)

Valencia-Vázquez, Roberto; Pérez-López, Maria E; Vicencio-de-la-Rosa, María G; Martínez-Prado, María A; Rubio-Hernández, Rubén

2014-09-01

As society evolves its welfare level increases, and as a consequence the amount of municipal solid waste increases, imposing great challenges to municipal authorities. In developed countries, municipalities have established integrated management schemes to handle, treat, and dispose of municipal solid waste in an economical and environmentally sound manner. Municipalities of developing and transition countries are not exempted from the challenges involving municipal solid waste handling, but their task is not easy to accomplish since they face budget deficits, lack of knowledge, and deficiencies in infrastructure and equipment. In the northern territory of Mexico, the municipality of Durango is facing the challenge of increased volumes of waste with a lack of adequate facilities and infrastructure. This article analyses the evolution of the municipal solid waste management of Durango city, which includes actions such as proper facilities construction, equipment acquisition, and the implementation of social programmes. The World Bank, offering courses to municipal managers on landfill operation and waste management, promoted the process of knowledge and technology transfer. Thereafter, municipal authorities attended regional and some international workshops on waste management. In addition they followed suggestions of international contractors and equipment dealers with the intention to improve the situation of the waste management of the city. After a 15-year period, transfer of knowledge and technology resulted in a modern municipal solid waste management system in Durango municipality. The actual system did not reach the standard levels of an integrated waste management system, nevertheless, a functional evaluation shows clear indications that municipality actions have put them on the right pathway. © The Author(s) 2014.

Proposta de política pública educacional para os alunos com altas habilidades/superdotação no Estado do Rio Grande do Sul

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Larice Bonatto Germani

2011-11-01

Full Text Available  O presente artigo tem como objetivo apresentar a Proposta de Política Pública Educacional para os Alunos com Altas Habilidades/Superdotação no Rio Grande do Sul. O movimento de implantação da referida política e sua trajetória até o momento são apresentados pelo relato das articulações e ações já desenvolvidas, passando pela fundamentação teórica que embasa as proposições feitas e chegando na operacionalização do projeto. Conclui, enfatizando os avanços e os retrocessos vivenciados nesse processo e evidenciando que somente a implantação de uma política educacional direcionada às Altas Habilidades/Superdotação garante o desenvolvimento de ações sistemáticas e permanentes que asseguram o exercício dos direitos e do pleno da cidadania às pessoas com altas habilidades/ superdotação. Palavras-chave: Políticas Públicas. Educação dos Alunos com Altas Habilidades/ Superdotação. Inclusão.

Governance in managing public health resources in Brazilian municipalities.

Science.gov (United States)

Avelino, George; Barberia, Lorena G; Biderman, Ciro

2014-09-01

This study contributes to the health governance discussion by presenting a new data set that allows for comparisons of the management of health resources among Brazilian municipalities. Research on Brazil is particularly important as the provision of health services was decentralized in 1988 and since then municipalities have been given greater responsibilities for the management of fiscal resources for public health service provision. Based on detailed information on corruption practices (such as over-invoicing, illegal procurement and fake receipts) from audit reports of health programmes in 980 randomly selected Brazilian municipalities, this study deepens understanding of the relationship between health governance institutions and the incidence of corruption at the local level by exploring the extent to which horizontal and vertical accountabilities contribute to reducing the propensity of municipal government officials to divert public health resources for private gain. The results of our multiple regression analysis suggest that the experience of health municipal councils is correlated with reductions in the incidence of corruption in public health programmes. This impact is significant over time, with each additional year of health council experience reducing corruption incidence levels by 2.1% from baseline values. The findings reported in this study do not rely on the subjectivity of corruption measures which usually conflate the actual incidence of corruption with its perception by informants. Based on our results, we provide recommendations that can assist policy makers to reduce corruption. Published by Oxford University Press in association with The London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine © The Author 2013; all rights reserved.

Descentralização e endividamento municipal: formas, limites e possibilidades

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Amaury Patrick Gremaud

2009-05-01

Full Text Available The objective of this article is to discuss alternatives to finance investments by municipalities. In general, current revenues are insufficient to finance large investments, what brings about the necessity of municipal indebtedness. These could assume different manners, according to the nature of the investment: if it is typically public or if it offers private return. For the first case, we discuss the possibilities of a municipal bond market and, for the second, we discuss project finance and the participation of the private sector.

Los cócs: una seña de identidad de la Terra Alta

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Maria Del Loreto Meix

2004-04-01

Full Text Available Este artículo trata sobre la repostería tradicional de la comarca de la Terra Alta (Cataluña vinculada a las fiestas, especialmente sobre las pastas que se suelen hacer en dicha comarca. En esta zona las pastas se llaman cócs, una palabra que está presente tanto en la Terra Alta como en las comarcas vecinas de la Ribera d'Ebre o el Priorat. Junto con las pastas se sirve el vino rancio, la mistela o el vino dulce, que también son productos de estas tierras. Actualmente, panaderías y pastelerías de los pueblos de la comarca elaboran estos productos tradicionales artesanos, que en otras épocas sólo se hacían en casa.El artículo, que nace del trabajo de final de carrera realizado por la autora para la licenciatura de Humanidades de la UOC, aporta una visión privilegiada de la riqueza de la Terra Alta con respecto a su historia gastronómica, sus costumbres y la manera de tratar sus dulces. La autora, que ya había trabajado anteriormente en estos aspectos, sitúa las especificidades de la repostería tradicional terraltina en el contexto de las culturas mediterráneas con raíces comunes que se remontan al mundo antiguo y medieval y que todavía mantienen un "aire de familia" bien identificable; a la vez, recorre por la zona, con interés etnográfico, lo que denomina "el mundo del trigo" (la amasadura del pan, el oficio de panadero, los hornos y otras herramientas, las tradiciones asociadas.... En definitiva, rescata un aspecto vivo de la cotidianidad local y lo sitúa a la luz de la historia de la alimentación, mientras aporta información que puede ser de interés desde otros ángulos de estudio.

Moss as Indicator of Heavy Metals Pollution in Kano Municipality ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

MBI

2015-09-23

Sep 23, 2015 ... Metals accumulation was determined in moss specie funaria hygrometrica collected from industrial and neighbouring residential .... of Lead in street dust to index its pollution in. Kano municipality. Spectrum journal, 1: 94-. 97. Sharada. Bompai. City campus Kano municipal. Zoo Road. 0. 5. 10. 15. 20. 25. 30.

The Political-administrative interface in South African municipalities: Assessing the quality of local democracies

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Jaap de Visser

2010-03-01

Full Text Available South African municipalities experience serious challenges in dealing wit the interface between politicians and officials. Inappropriate political interference in administrative matters as well as strained relations between key political and administrative officials in the municipalities appear to be the order of the day. Oftentimes, the lack of a separation of powers between legislative and executive authority at local government level is blamed for this. This contribution has attempted to draw the attention away from the conflation of legislative and executive authority in the municipal council while still recognising it as an important background. It is suggested that, instead of spending energy on examining a possible separation of powers in local government, the relevant stakeholders (i.e. national lawmakers, municipalities and supervising provinces should consider smaller institutional changes to the governance makeup of municipalities. Even more importantly, the political and administrative leadership of municipalities and political structures that surround them should be acutely aware of the consequences that inappropriate political leadership has on the functioning of municipalities and therefore on service delivery.

A Comprehensive Model of Municipal Housing Stock Management

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Muczyński Andrzej

2016-06-01

Full Text Available In many European countries there are still substantial housing needs which social landlords have to fulfill. Especially in countries with a shortage of affordable housing for underprivileged households, the effective and efficient management of the existing social housing stock, which includes technical, social, financial and tenure management activities on the strategic, tactical and operational level, is very important. The paper presents a comprehensive model of municipal housing stock management in the context of Polish conditions. This model was built by adapting the multidimensional concept of real estate management originally developed for commercial real estate portfolio management. It shows an integrative view of municipal housing stock management in Poland and contributes to the better organization and coordination of management activities and tasks in this area. The prepared model may be of interest to other countries where the functions of social landlords are mostly carried out directly by municipalities and their organizational units.

MUNICIPAL SOLID WASTE AND RECOVERY POTENTIAL: BANGLADESH PERSPECTIVE

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

M. Alamgir, A. Ahsan

2007-04-01

Full Text Available A total of 7690 tons of municipal solid waste generated daily at the six major cities of Bangladesh, namely, Dhaka, Chittagong, Khulna, Rajshahi, Barisal and Sylhet, as estimated in 2005. Sampling was done at different waste generation sources such as residential, commercial, institutional and open areas, in different seasons. The composition of the entire waste stream was about 74.4% organic matter, 9.1% paper, 3.5% plastic, 1.9% textile and wood, 0.8% leather and rubber, 1.5% metal, 0.8% glass and 8% other waste. The per capita generation of municipal solid waste was ranged from 0.325 to 0.485 kg/cap/day while the average rate was 0.387 kg/cap/day as measured in the six major cities. The potential for waste recovery and reduction based on the waste characteristics are evaluated and it is predicted that 21.64 million US$/yr can be earned from recycling and composting of municipal solid waste.

LEAP: local environmental action plan. Municipality of Lipkovo

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

2004-01-01

This document comprises all geo-environmental problems with adverse on the quality of the overall environment. Based on this, the document contains many scientific and expert statements and facts supported by data, diagrams maps, etc. At the same time, taking into consideration the problems appearing on the territory of Lipkovo Municipality, the environmental problems are by their priority presented as issues of first, second and third degree, requiring most urgent settlement through the leap document for the Municipality of Lipkovo. This is followed by the presentation of priorities and the strategy for elimination of degradation processes and establishment of environmental balance in the space. According to the current data, it seems that this Municipality is faced with numerous environmental problems, beginning with air pollution, water contamination, solid waste disposal, the landfill of the abandoned mine Lojane and the site around the Railroad Station at Tabanovci, supply of drinking water, destruction of forests, expansion of rural settlements over cultivable lands, the issue of space urbanization, unemployment, etc

RELACIONES HÍDRICAS Y TEMPERATURAS ALTAS EN FRIJOL DEL TIPO "FLOR DE MAYO"

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Edwin Javier Barrios-Gómez

2011-01-01

Full Text Available Se estudió el efecto del déficit hídrico del suelo y temperatura alta del aire en las relaciones hídricas y temperatura del dosel del cultivo (Tc, rendimiento de semilla (RS y sus componentes en 8 variedades de frijol del tipo "Flor de Mayo" (FM y una variedad criolla. Se realizaron 3 experimentos de campo; Montecillo en riego (MR con la aplicación de agua de la siembra a la madurez, Montecillo en secano (MS con la lluvia como fuente única de humedad y Celaya en secano (CS con lluvia y 2 riegos suplementarios en floración. Se utilizó una dosis de fertilización de 80 kg.ha-1 de nitrógeno y 40 kg.ha-1 de fósforo. En MR el potencial hídrico foliar ( =-0,33 Mpa, osmótico ( =-1,26 Mpa y de turgencia y (P=0,93 Mpa fue más alto que en CS ( =-0,77, =-1,36 y P=0,59 Mpa y MS ( =-1,22, =-1,57 y P=0,35 Mpa; MS, con mayor deficiencia hídrica del suelo, tuvo mayor reducción en y , y mayor grado de ajuste osmótico (AO=0,70 Mpa. El AO estuvo positiva y significativamente asociado con RS y biomasa aérea final (BMAF en los 2 ambientes de secano. La Tc en MR (26,7°C fue más baja que en CS (30,8°C y MS (36,6°C; el estrés por calor se agudizó con el descenso en el contenido hídrico de las plantas en el ambiente más seco (MS; Tc se relacionó negativa y significativamente con y en MS. La alta Tc también tuvo efecto significativo en la producción de BMAF y RS y sus componentes; la alta Tc redujo el RS, BMAF, número de vainas normales.m-2 (VN.m-2 y peso de 100 semillas (P100S en 12,5, 10,7, 10,2 y 3,4% por cada ºC (-1 ºC de aumento en la Tc, respectivamente.

Crise do estado e estilos de gestão municipal State crisis and styles of municipal gestion

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Klaus Frey

1996-01-01

Full Text Available Discute-se o papel da dimensão emotiva (em contraste com a racional no processo de participação política, com base no exame de dois estilos de administração municipal (Santos e Curitiba e tendo como pano de fundo a crise do Estado. Argumenta-se que a dimensão cultural é tão importante quanto a institucional em processos democráticos de reforma.The role of the emotive (as against rational dimension in the political participation process is discussed with regard to two styles of municipal management (Santos and Curitiba. It is argued that the cultural dimension is as important as the institutional one in democratic reform processes.

Clean Energy in City Codes: A Baseline Analysis of Municipal Codification across the United States

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Cook, Jeffrey J. [National Renewable Energy Lab. (NREL), Golden, CO (United States); Aznar, Alexandra [National Renewable Energy Lab. (NREL), Golden, CO (United States); Dane, Alexander [National Renewable Energy Lab. (NREL), Golden, CO (United States); Day, Megan [National Renewable Energy Lab. (NREL), Golden, CO (United States); Mathur, Sivani [National Renewable Energy Lab. (NREL), Golden, CO (United States); Doris, Elizabeth [National Renewable Energy Lab. (NREL), Golden, CO (United States)

2016-12-01

Municipal governments in the United States are well positioned to influence clean energy (energy efficiency and alternative energy) and transportation technology and strategy implementation within their jurisdictions through planning, programs, and codification. Municipal governments are leveraging planning processes and programs to shape their energy futures. There is limited understanding in the literature related to codification, the primary way that municipal governments enact enforceable policies. The authors fill the gap in the literature by documenting the status of municipal codification of clean energy and transportation across the United States. More directly, we leverage online databases of municipal codes to develop national and state-specific representative samples of municipal governments by population size. Our analysis finds that municipal governments with the authority to set residential building energy codes within their jurisdictions frequently do so. In some cases, communities set codes higher than their respective state governments. Examination of codes across the nation indicates that municipal governments are employing their code as a policy mechanism to address clean energy and transportation.

Planning future care services: Analyses of investments in Norwegian municipalities.

Science.gov (United States)

Hagen, Terje P; Tingvold, Laila

2018-06-01

To analyse whether the Norwegian Central Government's goal of subsidizing 12,000 places in nursing homes or sheltered housing using an earmarked grant was reached and to determine towards which group of users the planned investments were targeted. Data from the investment plans at municipal level were provided by the Norwegian Housing Bank and linked to variables describing the municipalities' financial situation as well as variables describing the local needs for services provided by Statistics Norway. Using regression analyses we estimated the associations between municipal characteristics and planned investments in total and by type of care place. The Norwegian Central Government reached its goal of giving subsidies to 12,000 new or rebuilt places in nursing homes and sheltered housing. A total of 54% of the subsidies (6878 places) were given to places in nursing homes. About 7500 places were available by the end of the planning period and the rest were under construction. About 50% of the places were planned for user groups aged Investments in nursing homes were correlated with the share of the population older than 80 years and investments in sheltered houses were correlated with the share of users with intellectual disabilities. Earmarked grants to municipalities can be adequate measures to affect local resource allocation and thereby stimulate investments in future care. With the current institutional setup the municipalities adapt investments to local needs.

Localizing Climate Information for Municipal Planning in the Central U.S.

Science.gov (United States)

Shulski, M.; Umphlett, N.; Abdel-Monem, T.; Tang, Z.; Uhlarik, F.

2017-12-01

The impacts of projected climate change are an ongoing concern for municipalities. Planning at the local level often involves investigations of multiple hazards on decadal timescales. Of particular interest to cities are implications of too much or too little water, snow storms, heat waves, and freeze/thaw cycles on infrastructure, health, energy demands and water quality and availability. A two-year project led by the University of Nebraska - Lincoln has brought together scientist and stakeholder for the purpose of informing municipal planning and climate adaptation for 12 cities in the lower Missouri River Basin states (IA, NE, KS, MO). City-specific climate reports have been developed with municipal input to aid local planning efforts. Surveys to assess municipal climate data usage were distributed to all cities with a population greater than 5,000 in the four-state region. In addition, planning efforts for 18 municipalities have been evaluated for nearly 20 cities in the region to investigate local hazard mitigation, emergency, and comprehensive plans. This presentation will outline key outcomes of the project and discuss decision support tools developed in co-production with city planners.

Whose Frames Mattered? The Feasibility Study in the Municipality of Tierp 1998-2000

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Johansson, Hanna Sofia

2003-01-01

In December 2001 SKB (the Swedish Nuclear Fuel and Waste Management Co) presented a ranking list of the eight feasibility studies carried out in Sweden. The feasibility study in Tierp was cited as showing that potentially good bedrock could be found in the municipality and SKB therefore asked to carry out a site investigation. Tierp is a neighbouring municipality to Oesthammar, a municipality that hosts nuclear power plants, with around 20,000 inhabitants and an area of 1543 km 2 . This paper focuses on why the Municipal Council in Tierp voted 'no' to further investigations even though SKB pointed out the municipality as having potentially good bedrock. In 1998 a feasibility study in Tierp was started. The arguments presented for a feasibility study were: the proximity to Forsmark nuclear power plant in Oesthammar, responsibilities for future generations, and that an investigation of the municipality could be used for other purposes. The main question this paper asks is the following: why did the Municipal Council in Tierp say 'no' to further investigations? This question is of interest since SKB claimed that Tierp had potentially good bedrock. The hypothesis is that the democratic models (representative democracy, discursive democracy or technocracy) present in the feasibility study and the boundary work carried out, i.e. how the boundary between science and politics was drawn, and which actors had access to the discussion on the public agenda, influenced the decision of the Council. The main sources used are interviews and a Swedish governmental investigation report about the feasibility studies. Twelve fairly open interviews with actors from the municipal organization, SKB, local opinion groups and the media were carried out. The questions cover how hey worked with the study, how the municipality organized its work, how they defined the nuclear waste issues and how they tried to communicate their views to other actors

Desarrollar competencias docentes en la escuela. Aprendizajes de una experiencia chilena de asesoría a escuelas de alta vulnerabilidad social y educativa

OpenAIRE

Sotomayor , Carmen; Dupriez , Vincent

2007-01-01

Sotomayor, C., & Dupriez, V. (2007). Desarrollar competencias docentes en la escuela. Aprendizajes de una experiencia chilena de asesoría a escuelas de alta vulnerabilidad social y educativa. Les Cahiers de Recherche du Girsef, 61.; El estudio aborda la problemática del desarrollo de competencias docentes en el actual contexto de la reforma educacional en Chile y analiza un caso de intervención en escuelas pobres, que muestran bajos resultados en una evaluación externa (el SIMCE), y alta repi...

Application of accrual accounting in Iran municipalities

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Ali Eamaeilzade Maghariee

2015-03-01

Full Text Available Accrual accounting is a technique for recognizing expenses when incurred and revenue when earned rather than when payment is made or received. In the cash method of accounting, on the other hand, cash receipts and disbursements technique of accounting or cash accounting records revenue when cash is earned, and expenses when they are paid in cash. In this paper, we present an empirical investigation to study the effect of implementing accrual accounting in municipality of Amol, Iran. The survey investigates whether or not financial reporting based on accrual accounting compared with a cash basis could provide a better method for promoting accountability. Using, regression analysis, the study compares the performance of accrual accounting versus cash accounting and the results have indicated that accrual accounting could improve the performance of accounting in municipality system. In addition, the study has examined whether or not converting cash to accrual accounting basis in municipalities could improve qualitative characteristics of accounting information. To examine this hypothesis, the study has designed a questionnaire in Likert scale to measure the quality of information and, using some statistical tests, the survey has concluded accrual accounting indeed provided better quality characteristics information.

Perfil de la mujer en la alta dirección en Colombia

OpenAIRE

Morales Castro, Clara Viviana

2011-01-01

El objetivo del presente estudio descriptivo fenomenológico es identificar los perfiles sociodemográficos que predominan en un grupo de mujeres directivas en Colombia, y observar las características de su liderazgo; para tal propósito se realizó un estudio cualitativo y un análisis de los determinantes de la participación laboral de las mujeres en Colombia. Se tomó como base de información encuestas realizadas a un grupo de mujeres de la alta dirección en Colombia, implementando un análi...

Anaerobic digestion of municipal solid waste: Technical developments

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Rivard, C.J. [National Renewable Energy Lab., Golden, CO (United States)

1996-01-01

The anaerobic biogasification of organic wastes generates two useful products: a medium-Btu fuel gas and a compost-quality organic residue. Although commercial-scale digestion systems are used to treat municipal sewage wastes, the disposal of solid organic wastes, including municipal solid wastes (MSW), requires a more cost-efficient process. Modern biogasification systems employ high-rate, high-solids fermentation methods to improve process efficiency and reduce capital costs. The design criteria and development stages are discussed. These systems are also compared with conventional low-solids fermentation technology.

Danish Municipal Planning in Change

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Møller, Jørgen

Danish municipal planning at the entrance to the 2000 years, where many things in the everyday of planning are changed after pressure from the market, the state, the municipal organisations, the investors, the citizens and the planners themselves. In this situation of change there may be good reasons...... to bear in mind what the basic task of physical planning at a local level has actually been and to discuss both what it is at the moment and what it can turn into in the future. The paper may actually raise more questions than it answers. The reason is that well-known political, administrative structures...... are breaking up, that the fight for the planning competence in the open country is raging and that the protection of the nature-freindly legislation, for which the previous government was responsible, is under quick phasing-out, at the same time as the traditional professional urban planner standards...

Danish Municipal planning in Change

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Møller, Jørgen

2003-01-01

Danish municipal planning at the entrance to the 2000 years, where many things in the everyday of planning are changed after pressure from the market, the state, the municipal organisation, the investors, the citizens and the planners themselves. In this situation of change there may be good reason...... to bear in mind what the basic task of physical planning at a local level has actually been and to discuss both what it is at the moment and what it can turn into in the future. The paper may actually raise more questions than it answers. The reason is that well-known political, administrative structures...... are breaking up, that the fight for planning competence in the open country is raging and that the protection og nature-friendly legislation, for which the previous gouvernment was responsible, is under quick phasing-out, at the same time as the traditional professional urban planner standards are challenged...

Synchronous municipal sewerage-sludge stabilization.

Science.gov (United States)

Bukuru, Godefroid; Jian, Yang

2005-01-01

A study on a pilot plant accomplishing synchronous municipal sewerage-sludge stabilization was conducted at a municipal sewerage treatment plant. Stabilization of sewerage and sludge is achieved in three-step process: anaerobic reactor, roughing filter and a microbial-earthworm-ecofilter. The integrated ecofilter utilizes an artificial ecosystem to degrade and stabilize the sewerage and sludge. When the hydraulic retention time(HRT) of the anaerobic reactor is 6 h, the hydraulic load(HL) of the bio-filter is 16 m3/(m2 x d), the HL of the eco-filter is 5 m3/(m2 x d), the recycle ratio of nitrified liquor is 1.5, the removal efficiency is 83%-89% for COD(Cr), 94%-96% for BOD5, 96%-98% for SS, and 76%-95% for NH3-N. The whole system realizes the zero emission of sludge, and has the characteristics of saving energy consumption and operational costs.

National public health policy in a local context--implementation in two Swedish municipalities.

Science.gov (United States)

Jansson, Elisabeth; Fosse, Elisabeth; Tillgren, Per

2011-12-01

In 2003 the wide-ranging Swedish National Public Health Policy (SNPHP), with a focus on health determinants, was adopted by the Swedish parliament. In the context of multilevel governance, SNPHP implementation is dependent on self-governed municipalities and counties. The aim of the study is, from a municipal perspective, to investigate public-health policies in two municipalities. Content analysis of documents and interviews provided a foundation for an explorative case study. The SNPHP at national level is overriding but politically controversial. At local level, a health-determinants perspective was detectable in the policies implemented, but none regarding to health equality. At local level, the SNPHP is not regarded as implementable; rather, limited parts have, to varying degrees, been reconciled with local public-health goals, according to municipal needs and conditions. A success-promoting factor in the two municipalities was the presence of committed and knowledgeable actors/implementers. Also, the municipality with a more centrally controlled and stable party-political leadership succeeded better in implementing structural and intersectoral community-wide policies for coordinated local health promotion. The contents of national and local public-health policies differ, and municipalities that have implemented their own local health policies do not seem to regard the SNPHP as justifiable or adoptable. If the SNPHP overall aim regarding equal health is to be achieved homogeneously in Swedish municipalities, its contents and purpose need clearer management and negotiation, so that implementation of the national policy locally is understandable and motivated. Copyright © 2011 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.

Simulación y análisis de transitorios electromagnéticos de frente rápido debido a descargas atmosféricas en instalaciones eléctricas de alta tensión

OpenAIRE

Linares Vargas, Miguel Alejandro; Linares Vargas, Miguel Alejandro

2013-01-01

Uno de los problemas que afecta al diseño y operación de los sistemas eléctricos de potencia es el gran número de instalaciones eléctricas de alta tensión ubicadas en lugares con alta densidad de descargas atmosféricas, que por lo general están situados a más de 3000 msnm, como en el sistema eléctrico peruano. Por este motivo, se le ha dado gran importancia al análisis de transitorios electromagnéticos de alta frecuencia en el diseño de instalaciones de alta tensión, lo que permitirá plantear...

Vital Signs – Presión arterial alta (High Blood Pressure)

Centers for Disease Control (CDC) Podcasts

2012-10-02

En los EE. UU. casi un tercio de la población adulta tiene presión arterial alta, el principal factor de riesgo de enfermedades cardiacas y accidentes cerebrovasculares, dos de las principales causas de muerte en el país.  Created: 10/2/2012 by National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion (NCCDPHP).   Date Released: 10/17/2012.

Geoprocessamento como prática biopolítica no governo municipal

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Cristian Caê Seemann Stassun

2012-12-01

Full Text Available Desde 2005 as fotos de satélite de alta resolução do "Google Earth" possibilitaram a qualquer pessoa visualizar do espaço sua cidade, bairro e casa por meio do acesso à internet. Essa tecnologia é investida há pelo menos 50 anos num tipo de processamento que integra mapas aéreos numa rede de informações organizada para gestão de cidades. O geoprocessamento é um sistema de informação geográfica que pode ser aplicado em municípios para obter informações globais de infraestrutura, saúde, educação, saneamento e criminalidade, permitindo a construção e o planejamento de políticas públicas mais eficientes. Este dispositivo biopolítico, diante do referencial em Michel Foucault, foi objeto e método de análise em uma prefeitura municipal de Santa Catarina. Seja pelo mercado de informações que se forma, pelo acesso ilimitado dos dados e do aumento da precisão das aplicações, ou ainda sobre o agenciamento de práticas de regulação das populações e de formas de subjetividade constituídas pela gestão, vigilância e governo fino das populações, o geoprocessamento como recurso de saber e poder consegue conhecer e se constituir para governar a vida dos indivíduos. Esse mesmo caminho dissertativo possibilitou gerar inteligibilidade para avaliar possibilidades de resistência ao dispositivo e perceber historicamente como esse Sistema de Informação Geográfica (SIG consegue agregar a gestão tanto do território quanto da população.

A municipal guide to least cost utility planning

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

1992-03-01

The recent track record of ''traditional'' electricity planning, which entails selection of supply side resources to meet forecasted demand, has not been good. There are numerous examples of utilities incorrectly forecasting demand and over-building generating capacity while others underestimated growth and have had to cut demand and find alternate power sources to avoid outages. A potential solution to this problem is the continuing development of Least Cost Utility Plannning (LCUP). Regulatory commissions, consumer advocates and utilities are increasingly relying an LCUP as the most responsible way to avoid construction of new capacity and alleviate anticipated shortages caused by cancellation of construction projects, load growth, or natural replacement of aging capacity. The purpose of this report is to provide municipalities a starting point for evaluating their servicing utilities or states' least cost plan. This was accomplished by: Identifying key issues in LCUP; reviewing examples of the collaborative and classic approaches to LCUP in Illinois, California, New York State and Michigan; cataloging municipal authorities and strategies which can influence or support LCUP activities. Results of the project indicate that through a basic understanding of LCUP processes and issues, municipalities will be in a better position to influence plans or, if necessary, intervene in regulatory proceedings where plans are adopted. Constraints to municipal involvement in LCUP include statutory limitations, resource constraints, and a lack of knowledge of indirect authorities that support the LCUP process

A municipal guide to least cost utility planning

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

1992-03-01

The recent track record of ``traditional`` electricity planning, which entails selection of supply side resources to meet forecasted demand, has not been good. There are numerous examples of utilities incorrectly forecasting demand and over-building generating capacity while others underestimated growth and have had to cut demand and find alternate power sources to avoid outages. A potential solution to this problem is the continuing development of Least Cost Utility Plannning (LCUP). Regulatory commissions, consumer advocates and utilities are increasingly relying an LCUP as the most responsible way to avoid construction of new capacity and alleviate anticipated shortages caused by cancellation of construction projects, load growth, or natural replacement of aging capacity. The purpose of this report is to provide municipalities a starting point for evaluating their servicing utilities or states` least cost plan. This was accomplished by: Identifying key issues in LCUP; reviewing examples of the collaborative and classic approaches to LCUP in Illinois, California, New York State and Michigan; cataloging municipal authorities and strategies which can influence or support LCUP activities. Results of the project indicate that through a basic understanding of LCUP processes and issues, municipalities will be in a better position to influence plans or, if necessary, intervene in regulatory proceedings where plans are adopted. Constraints to municipal involvement in LCUP include statutory limitations, resource constraints, and a lack of knowledge of indirect authorities that support the LCUP process.

A municipal guide to least cost utility planning

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

1992-03-01

The recent track record of traditional'' electricity planning, which entails selection of supply side resources to meet forecasted demand, has not been good. There are numerous examples of utilities incorrectly forecasting demand and over-building generating capacity while others underestimated growth and have had to cut demand and find alternate power sources to avoid outages. A potential solution to this problem is the continuing development of Least Cost Utility Plannning (LCUP). Regulatory commissions, consumer advocates and utilities are increasingly relying an LCUP as the most responsible way to avoid construction of new capacity and alleviate anticipated shortages caused by cancellation of construction projects, load growth, or natural replacement of aging capacity. The purpose of this report is to provide municipalities a starting point for evaluating their servicing utilities or states' least cost plan. This was accomplished by: Identifying key issues in LCUP; reviewing examples of the collaborative and classic approaches to LCUP in Illinois, California, New York State and Michigan; cataloging municipal authorities and strategies which can influence or support LCUP activities. Results of the project indicate that through a basic understanding of LCUP processes and issues, municipalities will be in a better position to influence plans or, if necessary, intervene in regulatory proceedings where plans are adopted. Constraints to municipal involvement in LCUP include statutory limitations, resource constraints, and a lack of knowledge of indirect authorities that support the LCUP process.

75 FR 54673 - Self-Regulatory Organizations; Municipal Securities Rulemaking Board; Notice of Filing of...

Science.gov (United States)

2010-09-08

... financial journal soliciting nominations for municipal advisor candidates, with the Nominating Committee... must be associated with a municipal advisor. For the first time, the MSRB has been authorized to promulgate rules governing the conduct of municipal advisors who must be fairly represented on the Board...

40 CFR 60.1010 - Does this subpart apply to my municipal waste combustion unit?

Science.gov (United States)

2010-07-01

... waste combustion unit? 60.1010 Section 60.1010 Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY... Performance for Small Municipal Waste Combustion Units for Which Construction is Commenced After August 30....1010 Does this subpart apply to my municipal waste combustion unit? Yes, if your municipal waste...

The effects of new diversion valves in Alta hydro-power station on the population of Atlantic salmon

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Forseth, Torbjoern; Naesje, Tor F.; Jensen, Arne J.; Saksgaard, Laila; Hvidsten, Nils Arne

1997-02-01

The report deals with consequential relations for the environment of Alta river in Northern Norway in connection with a hydroelectric power plant. The consequences of regulating the flow by the installation of an new diversion valve are discussed. 39 refs., 10 figs., 4 tabs

Scenario Of Solid Waste Management In Hetauda Municipality, Nepal

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Bigyan Neupane

2013-12-01

Full Text Available The paper aims to enlighten the solid waste management of Hetauda Municipality in Makwanpur district of an area of 44.5 sq. km. The total human population of the municipality is 84,671 (CBS 2011. Out of 11 wards, 5 wards (1, 2, 3, 4 and 10 were selected for the present study. In total 50 households, 10 institutions and 10 commercial sectors were selected from studied wards from which samples of different types of wastes were collected, segregated and weighed. Weight was calculated using a digital spring balance and a bag 0.043 m3 was used for the estimation of volume. Organic wastes were found to be dominant in the household (51.73% and commercial sectors (61.70% whereas in institutions, plastic (50.36% and papers (38.19% were prevailing. The findings revealed that per capita 155.4 gm/person/day household waste was generated in Hetauda Municipality. The residents are also aware of the harmful effects of the wastes, and demand an effective solid waste management services. Though they are aware about the sustainable management of wastes, due to erratic collection of wastes, some of them throw the wastes in the open lands - The local people also participate in the awareness campaigns organized by local NGOs and municipal. Solid waste management strategies are timely need for an effective management of anthropogenic wastes. Regular waste collection, improvement of dumping sites and sufficient number of composting plants are recommended in the municipality. International Journal of Environment, Volume-2, Issue-1, Sep-Nov 2013, Pages 105-114 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/ije.v2i1.9214

Important Types of LAG–Municipality Interaction When Collaborating on Rural Development

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Teilmann, Kasper Aalling; Thuesen, Annette Aagaard

2014-01-01

that the municipalities are valuable partners in fulfilling the LAG objectives; however, it is difficult to define the inflection point at which municipalities become too dominant and come into conflict with the rationale behind the LEADER approach to self-governance in LAG partnerships....

[Municipal public health spending in the state of Pernambuco, Brazil, from 2000 to 2007].

Science.gov (United States)

Espírito Santo, Antônio Carlos Gomes do; Fernando, Virgínia Conceição Nascimento; Bezerra, Adriana Falangola Benjamin

2012-04-01

In order to assess the impact of macro-political measures implemented in the latter half of the 1990s on the increase in public spending on health and the possible reduction in allocation inequity, a descriptive, quantitative, cross-sectional study was carried out involving 184 municipalities in the state of Pernambuco, Brazil. Data from the Public Health Budget Information System was used, with the selected indicator being spending on health per inhabitant under the responsibility of the municipality. The correlations of this variable with the municipal Human Development Index, population size and value of the municipal budget per capita were analyzed. It was seen that, although the mean increase in municipal spending on health is 190.76%, the value per capita has remained relatively low - at around R$183.79 - which is below the national and macro-regional averages. Both spending on health per capita and growth percentages are distributed irregularly among health regions as well as among municipalities within a single region. In conclusion, there is marked allocation inequity among municipalities with regard to the distribution of public resources for health, despite the macro-political measures adopted to reduce this inequity.

The business case for cutting greenhouse gas emissions from municipal operations

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2003-06-01

The business case for climate protection activities is like a road map, indicating the right direction to go in. It estimates how long it will take to achieve desired results and highlights possible obstacles. Triple bottom line accounting considers all economic, environmental, and social factors of any given project. It is used by municipal governments to create these road maps. Sound fiscal management is addressed by clearly showing how to reduce costs, improve service delivery, create jobs and support local industries, while also protecting human health and the environment. For example, money can be saved and air pollution can be reduced by reducing energy consumption in a municipal building. Staff absenteeism can be reduced through improved air quality. The Federation of Canadian Municipalities has introduced a Partners for Climate Protection (PCP) initiative which guides municipal governments through steps leading to the development of a business case. 21 refs.

Aplicación del bioensayo EROD-H4IIE para la determinación de dioxinas en carnes de pollos broiler: un estudio de equivalencia con la cromatografía de gases de alta resolución acoplada a espectrometría de masas de alta resolución

OpenAIRE

Schoffer, JT; Bustos-López, C; Sotomayor, P; Mattar, CA; González, A; Robles, C; Samsing, F; Acevedo, O; Valdovinos, CE

2011-01-01

En el presente estudio se aplicó el bioensayo EROD con línea celular H4IIE para determinar la equivalencia de resultados para carnes de pollo, entre el bioensayo EROD-H4IIE en pg TCDD-EQ/g de tejido y los resultados de la cromatografía de gases de alta resolución acoplada a espectrometría de alta resolución (HRGC/HRMS) en pg WHO-TEQ/g de grasa. Para lo anterior se utilizaron 41 muestras compuestas de trutros de pollo. Éstas fueron obtenidas en la planta faenadora de 4 planteles diferentes de ...

Municipality and Neighborhood Influences on Volunteering in Later Life.

Science.gov (United States)

Dury, Sarah; Willems, Jurgen; De Witte, Nico; De Donder, Liesbeth; Buffel, Tine; Verté, Dominique

2016-06-01

This article explores the relationships between municipality features and volunteering by older adults. In the literature, strong evidence exists of the influence of place on older people's health. However, the question how neighborhoods and municipalities promote or hinder volunteer participation remains under-explored. Data for the research are derived from the Belgian Aging Studies. We estimate logistic multilevel models for older individuals' engagement in volunteering across 141 municipalities in Belgium (N = 67,144). Analysis shows that neighborhood connectedness, neighborhood satisfaction, home ownership, and presence of services predict voluntary engagement at older ages. The findings support that perceptions and quality of social resources that relate to neighborhoods may be important factors to explain volunteering among older adults. Moreover, the findings suggest that volunteering in later life must be considered within a broader framework. © The Author(s) 2014.

Municipal Consolidation: Theoretical Inquiry and Case Study - City of Iron River, MI

OpenAIRE

Martin, Joseph M.

2006-01-01

The City of Iron River was created as a consolidated municipality in the upper peninsula of Michigan during the late 1990's. The consolidation consisted of two cities and one village with a combined 2000 census population of 3,391. Persistent population loss, combined with the decline of the economic base, reduced the viability of the individual municipal governments, placing consolidation at the forefront of options. The analysis of small, rural municipalities is outside the focus of most co...

Municipal management and geo-hydrological aspects of importance in the potable water supply of Lindley

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Eric Nealer

2014-07-01

Full Text Available When the South African Government in 1998 re-demarcated its 283 municipalities so that they completely cover the country in a “wall-to-wall” manner, their main focus was on growing local economies and maintaining the provision of an increased number of diverse and more complex basic municipal services to new geographical areas consisting of millions of citizens who might previously had been neglected. In most of the instances the newly established and merged municipalities were demarcated according to geographical aspects inherited from the previous political dispensation, historical municipal areas and magisterial district farm names. The fact that these municipal government jurisdictions for the purpose of improving co-operative municipal- and integrated water resources management (IWRM, in most instances do not correspond with environmental and physical land features such as the demarcated surface water (rivers drainage regions’ boundaries, could lead to the ineffective, inefficient and non-economic municipal management of water, sanitation and environmental services. The aforementioned is a case with reference to water services management in the Free State Province town of Lindley located in the Vals River catchment and the Nketoana Local Municipality’s area of jurisdiction. An extensive literature review, the use and study of geographic tools such as maps, ortho- photos and information data bases, as well as two field visits to the area, enabled the researchers to identify the essential geographical, geo-hydrological and municipal management aspects of importance for the potable water service providers and managers in the Lindley municipal area. The researchers argue that effective trans-boundary municipal management through simunye-type co-operative governance and IWRM must be facilitated in the Vals River surface water catchment between the respective local- and district municipalities for the benefit of the Lindley, Arlington

LEAP: local environmental action plan. Municipality of Dolneni

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

2004-01-01

The Municipality of Dolneni is situated in the northern part of the Pelagonia Valley, at about 600 meters above the sea level. It is surrounded on three sides (north, northeast, east and northwest) by the mountain massifs of Dautica, Babuna and Busova Planina. The assesment of the state of the environment in the Municipality of Dolneni presented in this document is based on several principles, including, before all, human health, as well as impacts from human activities on urban and natural environment, social and economic development, etc. The impacts from environmental pollution on human health in the Municipality of Dolneni are evident. Major problem is the lack of sewerage system to collect wastewater and absence of organized landfill(s) for solid waste disposal. In addition, the improper drinking water supply in most of the settlements contributes to the increased human health risk in the Municipality. The absence of urban planning has lead to developments and uncontrolled use of natural resources that cause degradation of the environment and consequently decrease in quality of living for the population. The above problems affect the quality of living conditions and human health both directly and indirectly. In recent years, incidence of epidemics of communicable hepatitis was recovered (Debreste, Desovo), and there is a concern for a high risk of appearance of intestinal and other infectious diseases. There are no indicators of the soil quality of surface running water resources with regard to pollution. In any case, on the basis of the manner of land use and specific human activities on the territory of the Municipality, as well as on the basis of the above mentioned solid waste and waste water related problems, it may be concluded that these resources are in a rather poor condition. Other aspects of determining the quality of the environment (atmosphere, noise, natural ecosystems and biodiversity in general) are not under serious human pressure at present

Tendering by municipalities of wind turbines; Aanbesteding door gemeenten van windmolens

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2013-04-15

This manual provides municipalities answers to the questions of how the municipality must do the tendering for wind turbines and what choices they have [Dutch] Deze handleiding biedt gemeenten antwoorden op de vragen hoe de gemeente moet aanbesteden en welke keuzes zij daarin heeft.

40 CFR 62.14353 - Standards for municipal solid waste landfill emissions.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-07-01

... landfill emissions. 62.14353 Section 62.14353 Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY... POLLUTANTS Federal Plan Requirements for Municipal Solid Waste Landfills That Commenced Construction Prior to... municipal solid waste landfill emissions. (a) The owner or operator of a designated facility having a design...

L’impatto delle reti ad alta velocità sulla gerarchia delle città europee

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Giuseppe Mazzeo

2008-05-01

Full Text Available Lo spazio europeo si contraddistingue per il dualismo nazione-regione. In questo dualismo le città assumono un ruolo fondamentale in quanto il proprio successo tende a divenire il successo dei territori contermini. Manuel Castell, nel 1983, sosteneva che la città è la struttura sociale in cui qualsiasi fenomeno territoriale (dai processi di sviluppo economico alle relazioni tra classi o tra gruppi etnici, dall’intervento pubblico all’accumulazione, ecc. assume la sua maggiore forza in quanto in essa si concentrano le polarizzazioni nelle trasformazioni territoriali. Ovviamente le città non sono tutte uguali, sia per dimensione fisica che per dimensione funzionale. Inoltre ogni innovazione aggiunge e modifica il sistema di relazioni che si è generato in precedenza. Obiettivo del saggio è analizzare i fattori che generano le gerarchie urbane a livello europeo e l’impatto sulle stesse delle nuove reti ad alta velocità. Esso si articola in una prima parte in cui si effettua una lettura ed una analisi di alcuni studi relativi alla costruzione di gerarchie nel sistema urbano europeo; successivamente si passa ad analizzare il ruolo delle infrastrutture di comunicazione nella costruzione delle gerarchie ed, infine, si approfondisce l’impatto della costruzione della rete europea dell’alta velocità sulle variazioni nella gerarchia delle città.

Fuel-related Emissions from the Croatian Municipal Solid Waste Collection System in 2013: Mixed Municipal Waste

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Anamarija Grbeš

2018-01-01

Full Text Available Waste removal (collection and landfilling in the Republic of Croatia is the responsibility of the municipalities and local governments in 21 administrative units (counties. They entrust the respective economic activity to 208 private and public companies specialized in waste collection and treatment. Organised waste collection affects 99 % of the population. The mixed waste from households and enterprises is at various frequencies collected at the door (kerbside collection and transported by truck to a landfill, or processing plant. This article aims to estimate fuel consumption and fuel-related airborne emissions from the collection of mixed municipal waste in Croatia in 2013. The input data and emission results are shown for Croatia and each Croatian county, in total, and relative to the number of inhabitants and mass of collected waste. Annual consumption of diesel for the collection of mixed waste is estimated at 10.6 million litres. At the county level, fuel consumption ranges from 87 thousand litres to 2.2 million litres, on average 504 thousand litres per county. Total emission of CO2 is estimated at 28 000 t, which at county level ranges from 231 to 5711 t. Relative emission ranges from 3.3 to 13 kg CO2 per capita (average 6.6 kg per capita, or 8.6–28.1 kg t−1 of municipal waste (average 17 kg CO2 per ton of municipal waste. The average values of CO2 emission from MSW collection that should also be the target values are 7–9 kg for mixed waste, and 8–15 kg CO2 for separate waste streams. Apart from CO2 emission, this research estimates emission of other, diesel combustion related compounds, such as NOx, CO, lubricant related CO2, NMVOC, PM, f-BC, N2O, SO2, NH3, Pb, ID[1,2,3-cd]P, B[k]F, B[b]F, B[a]P, as well as total distance of transport.

Stakeholder-based SWOT analysis for successful municipal solid waste management in Lucknow, India.

Science.gov (United States)

Srivastava, P K; Kulshreshtha, K; Mohanty, C S; Pushpangadan, P; Singh, A

2005-01-01

The present investigation is a case study of Lucknow, the main metropolis in Northern India, which succumbs to a major problem of municipal solid waste and its management. A qualitative investigation using strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats analysis (SWOT) has been successfully implemented through this community participation study. This qualitative investigation emphasizes the limited capabilities of the municipal corporation's resources to provide proper facilitation of the municipal solid waste management (MSWM) services without community participation in Lucknow city. The SWOT analysis was performed to formulate strategic action plans for MSWM in order to mobilize and utilize the community resources on the one hand and municipal corporation's resources on the other. It has allowed the introduction of a participatory approach for better collaboration between the community and municipal corporation in Lucknow (India). With this stakeholder-based SWOT analysis, efforts were made to explore the ways and means of converting the possible "threats" into "opportunities" and changing the "weaknesses" into "strengths" regarding a community-based MSWM programme. By this investigation, concrete strategic action plans were developed for both the community and municipal corporation to improve MSWM in Lucknow.

Stakeholder-based SWOT analysis for successful municipal solid waste management in Lucknow, India

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Srivastava, P.K.; Kulshreshtha, K.; Mohanty, C.S.; Pushpangadan, P.; Singh, A.

2005-01-01

The present investigation is a case study of Lucknow, the main metropolis in Northern India, which succumbs to a major problem of municipal solid waste and its management. A qualitative investigation using strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats analysis (SWOT) has been successfully implemented through this community participation study. This qualitative investigation emphasizes the limited capabilities of the municipal corporation's resources to provide proper facilitation of the municipal solid waste management (MSWM) services without community participation in Lucknow city. The SWOT analysis was performed to formulate strategic action plans for MSWM in order to mobilize and utilize the community resources on the one hand and municipal corporation's resources on the other. It has allowed the introduction of a participatory approach for better collaboration between the community and municipal corporation in Lucknow (India). With this stakeholder-based SWOT analysis, efforts were made to explore the ways and means of converting the possible 'threats' into 'opportunities' and changing the 'weaknesses' into 'strengths' regarding a community-based MSWM programme. By this investigation, concrete strategic action plans were developed for both the community and municipal corporation to improve MSWM in Lucknow

Towards a successful centralization of municipal procurement: A case of KwaZulu-Natal province

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Zwelihle Wiseman Nzuza

2015-12-01

Full Text Available Centralization of municipal procurement in the KwaZulu-Natal Province is faced with several challenges. There were two aims for this study: to identify factors influencing municipal procurement and to design a model of the factors influencing municipal procurement, in an attempt to improve the understanding of municipal procurement. The proposed model is based on sound theoretical frameworks like knowledge management theory and the application of theory and practice ethics as well as the secondary data. The study found that the biographic factors as well as internal and external factors have strong influences on the success or failure of municipal procurement. The significance of these factors formed the basis for a proposed model and is subject to further experiments by other scholars.

Leprosy in Brazil and its association with characteristics of municipalities: ecological study, 2009-2011.

Science.gov (United States)

Freitas, Lúcia R S; Duarte, Elisabeth C; Garcia, Leila P

2014-10-01

To analyse the ecological association between the demographic and socio-economic characteristics of the Brazilian municipalities and average leprosy incidence rate in the period 2009-2011. An ecological study taking the Brazilian municipalities as its units of analysis. The local empirical Bayes estimation method was used to obtain smoothed incidence rates (SIR) for leprosy. The mean, median, first quartile (Q1) and third quartile (Q3) of the SIR were calculated per 100 000 inhabitants. Hierarchical log-linear negative binomial regression models were used to estimate the incidence rate ratios (IRR). In the period 2009-2011, the average SIR of leprosy in Brazil was 20.2 per 100 000 inhabitants, and the median incidence rate among municipalities was 9.1 per 100 000 inhabitants. Significantly higher adjusted IRR were identified for large municipalities (IRR = 1.67) compared to small municipalities, as well as in municipalities with higher illiteracy rates (IRR = 2.15), more urbanised municipalities (IRR = 1.53), those with greater social inequality as per the Gini index (IRR = 1.26), high percentage of households with inadequate sanitation (IRR = 1.63), higher average number of people per room (IRR = 1.41), high proportions of Family Health Programme coverage (IRR = 1.29), high percentage of household contacts investigated (IRR = 2.30) and those with percentage of cases with grade 2 disability considered to be the medium (IRR = 1.26). In this study, SIR was significantly associated with municipalities with low socio-economic status. Disease control activities need to be focused on these municipalities, and investments need to be made in improving the population's living conditions. © 2014 John Wiley & Sons Ltd.

Municipal boards and educational management: the continuing education distance and its movements

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Dalla Corte, Marilene Gabriel

2014-04-01

Full Text Available Through scientific research in development, this article is based on distance extension actions of continuing education of a specific public program, the National Program of Training Municipal Counselors of Education (Pro-Council. This program targets a policy of democratization of education management and qualification on work of municipal counselors of education as well as education technicians in relation to educational practices, legislation, financing mechanisms, transfer and control of the use of funds of education in order to enable a good performance of the Municipal Boards of Education (MCE in their socio-educational institutions. In this context, the objective is recognizing and analyzing the continuing education impacts developed under Pro-Council/Federal University of Santa Maria about aspects as competence and commitment of ex-attendants at the Municipal Councils of Education as a democratic collective bodies. The study is developed under a quantitative and qualitative approach, using the production of semi-open questionnaires data applied to counselors and technicians. From this, we stress the growing interest of the Boards of Education and the Departments of Education to capacitate their counselors and technicians; the establishment and implementation of new Municipal Boards of Education in Rio Grande do Sul State/Brazil; the relationship between the professional exercise and political and theoretical reflection; and so on. Whereas the Municipal Boards of Education are required to consolidate the democratic management, it is very important the training of individuals involved and especially establishing dialogic processes with social demands of each municipality, mainly, the educational ones, in the sense of [re] building the public policies for basic education in a responsible and participatory way.

77 FR 47874 - National Register of Historic Places; Notification of Pending Nominations and Related Actions

Science.gov (United States)

2012-08-10

... Hall County Alta Vista Cemetery, 521 Jones St., Gainesville, 12000551 Troup County Eastside Historic...), 401 Jefferson, La Grange, 12000562 New Madrid County Hunter-Dawson House, 312 Dawson Rd., New Madrid... Puerto Rico TR), Georgetti St. No. 1, Barceloneta, 12000583 Cidra Municipality La Bolero (Early...

Prevalencia de hemoptisis luego de la cura bacteriológica en pacientes dados de alta del Programa de Control de Tuberculosis del Hospital Nacional Cayetano Heredia

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Javier Antonio Aguilar Aragón

2003-10-01

Full Text Available La tuberculosis produce alteraciones estructurales y de función pulmonar que persisten pese a la cura bacteriológica (secuelas. La hemoptisis es frecuente y causa gran morbilidad y demanda a los servicios de salud. Objetivo: Con el propósito de conocer sus características epidemiológicas y sus factores de riesgo, se diseñó un estudio descriptivo, analítico, con metodología de cohorte única de casos en el Programa de Control de Tuberculosis (PCT, en el Hospital Nacional Cayetano Heredia (HNCH entre enero de 1984 y diciembre de 1996. Material y Método : Se programó visitas domiciliarias evaluando 109. Se realizó una prueba de baciloscopía en los pacientes sintomáticos. Resultados: Hemoptisis estuvo presente en 15 casos (13.76%, de los cuales 7 experimentaron recaída bacteriológica. Todos los casos tuvieron baciloscopía negativa al momento de la encuesta. Se encontró mayor frecuencia en varones (p = 0.0017 RR = 10.61 y en el grupo etáreo < 28 años (p = 0.022 RR = 2.92. Se tuvo mayor incidencia en el primer y cuarto año luego del alta. Doce casos (80% aparecieron en los primeros tres años. Ningún factor previo al diagnóstico se asoció con hemoptisis luego del alta. Esputo hemoptoico en el cuadro inicial de tuberculosis se asoció con la presencia de hemoptisis luego del alta (p = 0.036 RR = 2.75. Hemoptisis fue estadísticamente más frecuente en pacientes que persisten sintomáticos luego del alta (tos y expectoración crónicas y ataques de sibilancias y disnea. Se observó una fuerte asociación entre recaída bacteriológica y presencia de hemoptisis luego del alta (p < 0.0001 RR = 7.8. Conclusiones: En pacientes dados de alta del PCT del HNCH, la prevalencia de hemoptisis es 13.76%, teniendo más riesgo los varones, el grupo etáreo menor de 28 años, los pacientes que presentan esputo hemoptoico en el cuadro inicial de tuberculosis, los que permanecen sintomáticos luego del alta y los que experimentan al menos un

Barometer for Municipal Community Real Estate : Developments from 2008 until 2015

NARCIS (Netherlands)

van den Beemt, Annette; Veuger, Jan

2016-01-01

The purpose of this study is to show how local authorities (municipalities) deal with their community real estate. The study is an annually recurring research: every year since 2008 (except for 2013), Dutch municipalities have been asked to complete a questionnaire about how they manage their real

49 CFR 22.15 - Delinquency on Federal, State, or Municipality Debt.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-10-01

... 49 Transportation 1 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Delinquency on Federal, State, or Municipality... PROGRAM (STLP) Policies Applying to STLP Loans § 22.15 Delinquency on Federal, State, or Municipality Debt... appropriate Federal and State databases. (b) If any delinquencies are determined during the application...

Energy utilization: municipal waste incineration. Final report

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

LaBeck, M.F.

1981-03-27

An assessment is made of the technical and economical feasibility of converting municipal waste into useful and useable energy. The concept presented involves retrofitting an existing municipal incinerator with the systems and equipment necessary to produce process steam and electric power. The concept is economically attractive since the cost of necessary waste heat recovery equipment is usually a comparatively small percentage of the cost of the original incinerator installation. Technical data obtained from presently operating incinerators designed specifically for generating energy, documents the technical feasibility and stipulates certain design constraints. The investigation includes a cost summary; description of process and facilities; conceptual design; economic analysis; derivation of costs; itemized estimated costs; design and construction schedule; and some drawings.

Municipal Development of Anaerobic Digestion/ Combined Heat and Power in Massachusetts

Science.gov (United States)

Pike, Brenda

With a commercial food waste ban going into effect in Massachusetts in October 2014, businesses, institutions, and municipalities are considering alternatives to landfills and incinerators for organic waste. Anaerobic digestion is one such alternative. Similar to composting, but in an environment devoid of oxygen, anaerobic digestion produces byproducts such as methane (which can be burned for heat or electricity) and liquid or solid digestate (which can be used as fertilizer, cattle bedding, and more). Thus, disposal of food waste and other organic materials can become a source of revenue rather than just an expense. Municipalities interested in developing anaerobic digestion/combined heat and power (AD/CHP) facilities have the benefit of desirable options for sites, such as landfill gas facilities and wastewater treatment plants, and potential feedstocks in source-separated residential or municipal food waste or wastewater. This thesis examines the opportunities and challenges for municipal development of AD/CHP facilities in Massachusetts.

Mercado municipal Can Vidalet

OpenAIRE

Romero Francisco, Jorge

2006-01-01

La intención del nuevo mercado municipal de Can Vidalet es crear un escenario en sombra, envuelto por una piel permeable; una "cesta" dentro de la cual se produce una actividad comercial. La topografía del lugar permite establecer un esquema comercial en sección, situando el mercado tradicional en cota superior y el nuevo uso comercial en planta baja, a nivel de plaza pública.

FINANCIAL CONTROL STRATEGIES FOR COLLECTING BODY OF A MUNICIPAL TAX

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Ernesto Rodríguez

2015-07-01

Full Text Available This article's main purpose is to propose fiscal control strategies for tax collection in a Hall of Carabobo state, taking into account the responsibility of municipal governments within its governance process to provide optimal services to citizens the municipality, in order to improve their quality of life. This research focused on the modality of feasible project and descriptive. The population under study consisted of 10 staff of the institution, applying a survey as a tool for information gathering, allowing coding, tabulating and analyzing the results. The findings established that the institution is presenting negatives in tax revenue of the municipality, which generates large arrears and tax evasion by citizens, hence leading to the importance of design strategies that lead to minimize this situation.

Need for strengthened focus on cancer rehabilitation in Danish municipalities

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Kristiansen, Maria; Adamsen, Lis; Kjær Brinkmann, Fie

2015-01-01

by “stop smoking” courses, dietary advice, physical training guidance, patient education and individual physical training. Inequality in referral by ethnicity, age and gender was reported.Challenges encountered included low patient numbers, inadequate collaboration within and across sectors and lack......Introduction: Danish municipalities have recently been given a mandate to organise cancer rehabilitation services.Knowledge is therefore needed about the services providedand their utilisation. The aim of this national Danish baseline survey was to explore the availability, utilisation, content...... and organisation of municipal cancer rehabilitation services. Methods: Electronic questionnaires were sent to all 98 Danish municipalities in January 2013. The questionnaire consisted of closed-ended and open-ended questions. Descriptive statistics and contents analysis were used. Results: A total of 91...

Need for strengthened focus on cancer rehabilitation in Danish municipalities

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Kristiansen, Maria; Adamsen, Lis; Brinkmann, Fie Kjær

2015-01-01

by "stop smoking" courses, dietary advice, physical training guidance, patient education and individual physical training. Inequality in referral by ethnicity, age and gender was reported. Challenges encountered included low patient numbers, inadequate collaboration within and across sectors and lack......INTRODUCTION: Danish municipalities have recently been given a mandate to organise cancer rehabilitation services. Knowledge is therefore needed about the services provided and their utilisation. The aim of this national Danish baseline survey was to explore the availability, utilisation, content...... and organisation of municipal cancer rehabilitation services. METHODS: Electronic questionnaires were sent to all 98 Danish municipalities in January 2013. The questionnaire consisted of closed-ended and open-ended questions. Descriptive statistics and contents analysis were used. RESULTS: A total of 91...

Descripción de la zona de alta difusión en un modelo bidimensional para hojas de corriente

Science.gov (United States)

Montero, M. F.; Paola, C. A.; Platzeck, A. M.

Los modelos bidimensionales para describir hojas de corriente de alta simetría no suministran una descripción detallada de las regiones donde la difusión es considerablemente importante. Tal es el caso de los modelos desarrollados en la década del '60 por Sweet, Parker, Petschek y Sonnerup. En esta comunicación presentamos una solución de las ecuaciones MHD en el entorno del origen, construyendo series bidimensionales para todas las magnitudes físicas involucradas. Valiéndonos de la alta simetría y de las características del problema, logramos reducir el número de coeficientes a calcular. Utilizamos un programa autoconsistente para extender el cálculo a regiones vecinas con difusión moderada o despreciable.

Cultivo de cachama blanca en altas densidades y en dos sistemas cerrados

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Germán Poleo

2011-04-01

Full Text Available El objetivo de este trabajo fue evaluar la tolerancia de la cachama blanca, Piaractus brachypomus, a cultivos en altas densidades en sistemas cerrados. Novecientos alevines de 44,3±26 g de peso, se distribuyeron en seis tanques de concreto, con 4,8 m³ de agua. Tres tanques presentaron cero recambio de agua (SCR, y en otros tres, el agua se hizo circular a través de un bioclarificador (SRA. Ambos tratamientos presentaron fuerte aireación para mantener los sólidos en suspensión y suministrar aire. Los peces se alimentaron a saciedad con pienso comercial por 192 días. Los parámetros de calidad de agua como: oxígeno disuelto, amonio total, nitritos, nitratos, alcalinidad, dureza, temperatura y pH, se midieron semanalmente. Los peces en el SCR crecieron a una tasa de 2,34±0,05 g por día, y tuvieron conversión alimenticia de 1,5±0,06, densidad final de 12,96±0,53 kg m-3, y peso final de 449,5±99 g. En el SRA, los peces crecieron 2,33±0,03 g por día, con conversión alimenticia de 1,6±0,07, densidad final de 12,13±1,12 kg m-3, y peso final de 446,5±10 g. La cachama blanca puede ser cultivada en sistemas cerrados con cero recambio de agua en altas densidades.

Gaseous emissions during concurrent combustion of biomass and non-recyclable municipal solid waste.

Science.gov (United States)

Laryea-Goldsmith, René; Oakey, John; Simms, Nigel J

2011-02-01

Biomass and municipal solid waste offer sustainable sources of energy; for example to meet heat and electricity demand in the form of combined cooling, heat and power. Combustion of biomass has a lesser impact than solid fossil fuels (e.g. coal) upon gas pollutant emissions, whilst energy recovery from municipal solid waste is a beneficial component of an integrated, sustainable waste management programme. Concurrent combustion of these fuels using a fluidised bed combustor may be a successful method of overcoming some of the disadvantages of biomass (high fuel supply and distribution costs, combustion characteristics) and characteristics of municipal solid waste (heterogeneous content, conflict with materials recycling). It should be considered that combustion of municipal solid waste may be a financially attractive disposal route if a 'gate fee' value exists for accepting waste for combustion, which will reduce the net cost of utilising relatively more expensive biomass fuels. Emissions of nitrogen monoxide and sulphur dioxide for combustion of biomass are suppressed after substitution of biomass for municipal solid waste materials as the input fuel mixture. Interactions between these and other pollutants such as hydrogen chloride, nitrous oxide and carbon monoxide indicate complex, competing reactions occur between intermediates of these compounds to determine final resultant emissions. Fluidised bed concurrent combustion is an appropriate technique to exploit biomass and municipal solid waste resources, without the use of fossil fuels. The addition of municipal solid waste to biomass combustion has the effect of reducing emissions of some gaseous pollutants.

Educação municipal e efetivação do direito à educação Educación municipal y realización del derecho a la educación Municipal education and the establishment of the right to education

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Dirce Nei Teixeira de Freitas

2011-09-01

Full Text Available Os avanços brasileiros na efetivação do direito público subjetivo à educação têm sido obtidos num contexto de aumento da participação municipal. Mas, os desafios ainda são complexos, sendo que a educação municipal, múltipla e díspar, tem responsabilidades crescentes na extensão da obrigatoriedade escolar. Assim, o texto traz uma análise de como seis municípios sul-mato-grossenses têm se organizado para efetivar o direito à educação, privilegiando a dimensão legislativa e a administração. Utiliza como fontes documentos, informações obtidas junto a Secretarias e Conselhos Municipais de Educação por meio de questionários, índices e indicadores disponibilizados na Internet por órgãos especializados. Os dados mostraram ser escassa a contribuição legislativa municipal para o estabelecimento de políticas locais pró-efetivação do direito à educação, e ainda, para sinalizar a gestão que se mostrou fragmentária, com baixo grau de inventividade e necessitada de um sistema de proteção articulado.Los avances brasileños en la tarea de hacer efectivo el derecho público subjetivo a la educación se han alcanzado en un contexto de aumento de la participación municipal. Sin embargo, los desafíos aún son complejos. La educación municipal, múltiple y desigual, tiene responsabilidades crecientes en la extensión de la obligatoriedad escolar. Así, el texto presenta un análisis de como seis municipios de Mato Grosso do Sul se han organizado para efectuar el derecho a la educación, privilegiando la dimensión legislativa y la administración. Se han utilizado como fuentes documentos, informaciones obtenidas junto a Direcciones y Consejos Municipales de Educación mediante cuestionarios, índices e indicadores disponibles en Internet por órganos especializados. Los datos muestran que es escasa la contribución legislativa municipal para el establecimiento de políticas locales a favor de la efectivación del

Predicting on-site environmental impacts of municipal engineering works

OpenAIRE

Gangolells Solanellas, Marta; Casals Casanova, Miquel; Forcada Matheu, Núria; Macarulla Martí, Marcel

2014-01-01

The research findings fill a gap in the body of knowledge by presenting an effective way to evaluate the significance of on-site environmental impacts of municipal engineering works prior to the construction stage. First, 42 on-site environmental impacts of municipal engineering works were identified by means of a process-oriented approach. Then, 46 indicators and their corresponding significance limits were determined on the basis of a statistical analysis of 25 new-build and remodelling mun...

Economic evaluation of municipal solid waste recycling in Yazd:

OpenAIRE

Eslami H; Mokhtari M; Eslami Dost Z; Barzegar Khanghah MR; Ranjbar Ezzatabadi M

2017-01-01

Background and aims: In every urban waste management plan, recycling and reuse is considered as an economic pattern. This study aimed to economic evaluation of municipal solid waste recycling in Yazd by cost-benefit analysis in 2015. Methods: This research is a descriptive–analytic study which in the data about quality and quantity of municipal solid waste in Yazd city were collected through the sampling and physical analysis and the data about total income and costs from the implementatio...

[Trend in inequalities in mortality due to external causes among the municipalities of Antioquia (Colombia)].

Science.gov (United States)

Caicedo-Velásquez, Beatriz; Álvarez-Castaño, Luz Stella; Marí-Dell'Olmo, Marc; Borrell, Carme

2016-01-01

To analyse the trend in inequalities in mortality due to external causes among municipalities in Antioquia, department of Colombia, from 2000 to 2010, and its association with socioeconomic conditions. External causes included violent deaths, such as homicides, suicides and traffic accidents, among others. Ecological design of mortality trends, with the 125 municipalities of Antioquia as the unit of analysis. The age-adjusted smoothed standardized mortality ratio (SMR) was estimated for each of the municipalities by using an empirical Bayesian model. Differences in the SMR between the poorest and least poor municipalities were estimated by using a two-level hierarchical model (level-1: year, level-2: municipality). Mortality due to external causes showed a downward trend in the department in the period under review, although the situation was not similar in all municipalities. The findings showed that the risk of death from external causes significantly increased in poor and underdeveloped municipalities. Intervention is required through policies that take into account local differences in mortality due to external causes. Copyright © 2016 SESPAS. Published by Elsevier Espana. All rights reserved.

Corredor Mediterráneo. Línea de alta velocidad Valencia-Castellón. Tramo: Sagunto-La Llosa

OpenAIRE

Labrador Caba, María Victoria

2012-01-01

El proyecto que se va a abordar consistirá en la definición completa de todas las actividades necesarias para la construcción de un tramo de ferrocarril del Corredor del Mediterráneo, dentro de la Línea de Alta Velocidad Valencia-Castellón.

Financial Statement Analysis in Municipalities and an Application

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Ali Kablan

2013-07-01

Full Text Available Municipalities are compelled to use their resources in a mostefficient manner in order to meet increased demand for services. The regular collection of revenues in municipalities, whilemaking expenditures in  most efficientways depend on the healthy functioning of the budget and accounting and thefinancial control system correspondingly. In is necessary for municipalities tocontinuously control the balance of incomes and expenses, determining andeliminating the negativities in this balance. For this purpose, financialanalyses and management ratios are needed. With the financial analyses made, afinancial control system may be established in a municipality and used formanagement purposes. The importance of this study is that if the organizationsand enterprises belonging to the public can apply the analysis techniques asprofoundly as the private sector organizations and enterprises, thosemunicipalities which continuously produce information through financial controlcan take corrective actions in line with such information, and by determiningout of which items the increases and decreases in revenues and expenses arisethey will take actions in order to decrease expenses and to increase revenues.In addition, it will be possible to apply financial carnets (ration cards topublic organizations and enterprises. For this purpose, sorts of financialanalyses are mentioned in the study, and an application is included in themunicipality of Beylikdüzü for analyzing financial tables in publicorganizations and enterprises which are obtained as a result of accrualsaccounting. In the application, the Balance Sheet and Table of the OperatingResults for the year 2012 are subjected to comparative statements, and topercentage and ratio analyses; and then the results are interpreted

An Approach to assess the Urban Management Performance of Municipalities in Sri Lanka

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Gayani Ranasinghe

2016-01-01

Full Text Available Urbanization tends bring out a number of problems, such as inadequate housing and urban services, increase land prices and construction costs, propagation of slums, pollution and deterioration of the urban environment. Currently, spatial development activities focusing on major cities of Sri Lanka are demanding urban infrastructure and services where municipalities are facing challenges on provision of the infrastructure and proper urban management too. This study seeks to identify the relevant criteria, indicators and a method for assessing the urban management performance of municipalities in Sri Lanka since specific measurement criteria and related indicators are not yet identified to evaluate urban management by the central government or local government levels. Based on Literature review, five criteria and 25 indicators were selected considering their applicability for the context of Sri Lanka. The Full Permutation Polygon Synthetic Indicator Method (FPPSI was applied to synthesize indicators and the Synthetic indicator has been used to show the performance of each criterion in terms of urban service delivery. Colombo Municipal Council (CMC, Sri Jayawardenapura Kotte Municipal Council (SJKMC and Moratuwa Municipal Council (MMC have been selected as the case studies for this research. Although selected cases are within Colombo Metropolitan Region, none of the municipalities were achieved the “High” or “Very High” level of synthetic indicator (SR>= 0.50 that shows the standard of municipal service delivery of Sri Lanka as a whole. This research lays the platform to evaluate the functional performance of Municipal Councils to guide the future scenario and to make decisions at the grass root level for managing the urbanization related issues in the country. Also this research helps the government to know the current trends of development impact and to take necessary policy level decisions to guide the economic growth in a correct

Epidemiologia das lesões traumáticas de alta energia em idosos

OpenAIRE

Katz,Márcio; Okuma,Marcos Antônio Akira; Santos,Alexandre Leme Godoy dos; Guglielmetti,Cesar Luiz Betoni; Sakaki,Marcos Hideyo; Zumiotti,Arnaldo Valdir

2008-01-01

O aumento proporcional de idosos na população mundial associado à melhoria nas condições de saúde e suporte preventivo para essa faixa etária, permite forma de vida mais ativa, expondo-os a risco mais elevado de acidentes e traumas de alta energia. Esses pacientes têm características fisiológicas, doenças associadas, padrão comportamental e complicações pós-operatórias que levam a resposta sistêmica diferente dos demais grupos etários. Esse trabalho avaliou prospectivamente 28 pacientes com i...

Remote-actuator used in environments for high electromagnetic interference; Actuador telecontrolado para ambientes de alta interferencia electromagnetica

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Perez Abad, Carlos Alberto; Velazquez Hernandez, Jose Conrado; Montero Cervantes, Julio Cesar [Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas, Cuernavaca, Morelos (Mexico)]. E-mail: caperez@iie.org.mx; jconrado@iie.org.mx; jcmc@iie.org.mx

2010-11-15

This article presents the design of an actuator telecontrolled used in environments of high electromagnetic interference, especially designed for high-power laboratories Comision Federal de Electricidad, LAPEM (Laboratorio de pruebas de equipos y materiales) basically the actuator is an electronic component in a series of hardware and software involved in short circuit tests performed LAPEM but because of its design can be used in any industry involving fire remotely due to the electromagnetic pollution caused by high currents and voltages involved in the tests, the means of communication between the actuator and programmable controller sequences (CPS) is optical fiber that ensures the integrity of the control signal that activates the device. We present the electronic modules that comprise it and the evidence and findings. [Spanish] En este articulo se presenta el diseno de un actuador telecontrolado utilizado en ambientes de alta interferencia electromagnetica, en especial fue disenado para los laboratorios de alta potencia del LAPEM (Laboratorio de pruebas de equipos y materiales), Comision Federal de Electricidad, basicamente el actuador es un componente electronico de una serie de hardware y software involucrados en las pruebas de corto circuito que realiza el LAPEM pero debido a su diseno puede ser utilizado en cualquier otra industria que involucre disparos en forma remota, debido a la contaminacion electromagnetica causada por las altas corrientes y voltajes involucradas en las pruebas, el medio de comunicacion entre el actuador y el Controlador programable de Secuencias (CPS) es fibra optica con esto se asegura la integridad de la senal de control que activa el dispositivo. Se presenta los modulos electronicos que lo componen asi como las pruebas y resultados obtenidos.

Selección de materiales para la fabricación de hormigones de alta resistencia

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Alaejos Gutiérrez, María Pilar

1994-09-01

Full Text Available The selection of component materials is the first step in order to reach a good quality concrete. The Spanish Code EH-91 point out the different requisites for the component materials used in a normal concrete. However, these requisites may be not sufficient for a high strength concrete (HSC. In this paper we present the tests carried out in order to establish a system for selecting the component materials for a HSC, such us: cements, aggregates, admixtures. The results of the tests allow by means of normal laboratory tests to know the suitability of these materials used for making HCS. The requirements for these component materials must be higher when higher are the strengths to be reached. The exposed method allow us to save a lot of previous laboratory tests necessary until now, in order to get a high strength concrete.

La selección previa de materiales constituyentes es el primer paso para conseguir un hormigón de calidad. La normativa española EH-91 establece diferentes requisitos que deben cumplir estos materiales para la fabricación de hormigones normales. Sin embargo, estos requisitos pueden no ser suficientes si se trata de fabricar un hormigón de alta resistencia. En el artículo se muestran ensayos realizados con hormigones de alta resistencia, que han permitido establecer una sistemática de selección de materiales constituyentes para estos hormigones: Cementos, áridos y aditivos. Los resultados permiten, mediante ensayos habituales de Laboratorio, conocer la potencial aptitud de estos materiales para la fabricación de hormigones de alta resistencia. Las exigencias deben ser mayores cuanto mayores sean las resistencias que se quieran alcanzar. La metodología expuesta permite ahorrar muchos ensayos previos de Laboratorio que hasta el momento deben realizarse, cuando se quiere conseguir un hormigón de estas características.

Municipal Level of Strategic Planning: Economic and Legal Problems

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Evgeniy Moiseevich Bukhvald

2016-12-01

Full Text Available The article focuses on the need of integration of municipal government into a unified hierarchy of strategic planning in the country. The basic positions of the acting version of the Federal law no.131 “On general principles of organization of local self-government” and the Federal law no. 172 “On strategic planning” don’t provide clear legal framework for the solution of this problem. Besides, the practical integration of municipal management into a unified hierarchy of strategic planning meets serious economic obstacles, the main of which consist in the negative situation within the system of local finance, characterized by trends of deficiency, high dependence on subsidies and, as a consequence, volatility and lack of predictability in relation to any plans and programs of long-term nature. The main idea of the article is to prove the need for a systemic approach to solving tasks, related to the integration of municipal management in a unified vertical of strategic planning in the country. The essence of this approach is the combination of a number of legal innovations in the legislation on strategic planning and local government with a set of measures, aimed to strengthen the fiscal basis of Russian local self-government together with institutional ensuring of municipal planning and its interaction with the practice of strategic planning at the level of subjects of the Russian Federation.

HACIA LA EFICIENCIA EN LA GESTIÓN MUNICIPAL

OpenAIRE

ÁLVAREZ SÁNCHEZ, SEALTIEL

2012-01-01

La Contraloría General de la República (CGR) diseñó en 2002 una metodología para evaluar la gestión financiera de los gobiernos locales. Más recientemente, en 2012, publicó un modelo actualizado que incluye cinco ejes de la gestión municipal. Esta investigación, de tipo mixto, propone un nuevo modelo de gestión municipal, que permite evaluar la eficiencia de los gobiernos locales con el propósito de promover el desarrollo de la comunidad en nueves áreas: servicios municipales, innovación orga...

“Jeneros de gusto y sobretodos ingleses”: el impacto cultural del consumo de bienes ingleses por la clase alta bogotana .

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Ana Maria Otero Cleves.

2009-05-01

Full Text Available Este artículo analiza el impacto cultural del consumo de bienes Inglés por la clase alta de Bogotá durante el siglo XIX. Se sugiere que el consumo de productos Inglés después de la independencia del país fue uno de los principales mecanismos empleados por las clases altas para asegurar su posición social, así como para construir una nación moderna, de acuerdo a las normas europeas. Por lo tanto, el artículo analiza el papel que el consumo de bienes extranjeros en el proceso de construcción de la nación y la diferenciación social en el siglo XIX.

A System of Indicators for Financial Analysis of the Municipal Real Property

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Daniela Feschiyan

2013-08-01

Full Text Available The paper presents a system of financial indicators for the efficiency of use of municipal real property. Such a system must provide for meeting the information needs of a number of internal and external consumers and is of primary significance in the analysis of municipalities’ overall financial condition. The following may be pointed out as the major aspects of the practical analysis: i the analysis of the municipality’s provision with immoveable property; ii the analysis of the efficient use of certain categories of municipal real property. The paper aims at clarifying the major moments in the analysis of the structure, composition, and effective use of municipal real property, and the determination of definite indicators to be applied to this analysis oriented towards its implementation. The wide variety of parameters is reduced to a system of 16 indicators: reporting value, depreciation, ratio of replacement, ratio of cost efficiency, ratio of revenue efficiency, return on total assets, return on revenues, return on expenses, ratio of the fitness, ratio of the repair, ratio of real energy provision, ratio of workload, present value of a series of regular cash flows, equivalent yield model, return on investment, return on investment. The paper presents the structure and content of the indicators of the analysis of the municipal real property, as well as the input of these indicators. The estimation (values necessary to determine the indicators, the indicators themselves and their meaning make it possible to study the effectiveness of the operations (functioning of the municipal real property in terms of description of its physical condition, structure, content, purpose and functions, which generates revenues or brings expenditures to the municipality. The system of indicators provides for decision making with a view to boosting the efficiency of public sector management and more specifically – the management of municipal real property.

Adoption and diffusion of zoning bylaws banning fast food drive-through services across Canadian municipalities.

Science.gov (United States)

Nykiforuk, Candace I J; Campbell, Elizabeth J; Macridis, Soultana; McKennitt, Daniel; Atkey, Kayla; Raine, Kim D

2018-01-15

Healthy public policy is an important tool for creating environments that support human health and wellbeing. At the local level, municipal policies, such as zoning bylaws, provide an opportunity for governments to regulate building location and the type of services offered. Across North America, there has been a recent proliferation of municipal bylaws banning fast food drive-through services. Research on the utilization of this policy strategy, including bylaw adopters and adopter characteristics, is limited within the Canadian context. The aim of this study was to identify and characterize Canadian municipalities based on level of policy innovation and nature of their adopted bylaw banning fast food drive-through services. A multiple case history methodology was utilized to identify and analyse eligible municipal bylaws, and included development of a chronological timeline and map of adopter municipalities within Canada. Grey literature and policy databases were searched for potential adopters of municipal fast food drive-through service bylaws. Adopters were confirmed through evidence of current municipal bylaws. Geographic diffusion and diffusion of innovations theories provided a contextual framework for analysis of bylaw documents. Analysis included assignment of adopter-types, extent and purpose of bans, and policy learning activities of each adopter municipality. From 2002 to 2016, 27 municipalities were identified as adopters: six innovators and twenty-one early adopters. Mapping revealed parallel geographic diffusion patterns in western and eastern Canada. Twenty-two municipalities adopted a partial ban and five adopted a full ban. Rationales for the drive-through bans included health promotion, environmental concerns from idling, community character and aesthetics, traffic concerns, and walkability. Policy learning, including research and consultation with other municipalities, was performed by nine early adopters. This study detailed the adoption of

evaluation of municipal solid waste management system

African Journals Online (AJOL)

eobe

Keywords: solid waste, household, waste bin, willingness to pay, municipal. 1. INTRODUCTION .... significant differences between WTP and household ... Gender. Income of Household. Education Status. House Type. Household Size. Male.

Development of an automated system for the decentral fractioning of municipal wastes

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Heiko Vesper

2012-03-01

Full Text Available Background: There is a growing problem of the increasing amount of unsorted municipal wastes with the resulting consequences for the environment. The aim of this study was to present a new solutions of the system for the decentral fractioning of municipal wastes, which enable simplification and improvement of the process together with the reduction of total costs. Methods: The description of  the problem of the increasing amount of unsorted municipal wastes with the resulting consequences for the environment as well as an alternative solution for the decentral fractioning of such wastes was presented. The influence onto the environment as well as the efficiency of the costly mechanical sorting of wastes was queried. The nowadays used principles of sorted and unsorted waste disposal were elucidated and their advantages and disadvantages evaluated. Results and conclusions: Based on this evaluation an innovative and future oriented development of an automated system for the decentral fractioning of municipal wastes was presented. The new developed systems aim at the achievement of an easier, less costly and environment-friendlier process for the disposal of municipal wastes from apartment buildings.

[The economic-financial sustainability of the Family Health Strategy in large municipalities].

Science.gov (United States)

Portela, Gustavo Zoio; Ribeiro, José Mendes

2011-03-01

The universalization of basic care and commitment budget of the Ministry of Health with the Family Health Strategy (ESF) through new systematic financing incentives have been highlighted in the Brazilian health policy scenario. One of the great problems observed is the expansion of the strategy for large urban centres. This paper studies the economic-financial sustainability of ESF in Brazilian municipalities of more than 100 thousand inhabitants according to some selected indicators, considering the geographical region to which they belong, their population size and participation in Project for the Expansion and Consolidation Family Health (Proesf). Municipalities belonging to the Southeast region, more developed of the country, have on average better economic-financial performance, but lower average values of coverage of ESF. Municipalities from the North and Northeast, with the lowest average for economic-financial sustainability indicators, were the ones that made more effort to developments in the period. Thus, we observed the dynamics between bigger fiscal capacity and budgetary commitment with the Health Sector for biggest municipalities and in more economically developed regions, and greater vulnerability and dependence of federative transferences for municipalities with less people, in less developed areas.

Observance on zoning ordinance and priority projects of Municipality of Lingayen, Pangasinan, Philippines

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Nova E. Arquillano

2018-02-01

Full Text Available The Municipality of Lingayen being the capital town of the Province of Pangasinan is an attractive site not only because of its rich history but the present tourism and trading condition that makes it more welcoming. As the municipality becomes a better place to live and to invest, increase of population is an inevitable phenomenon that needs legislative and administrative measures in order to have less negative consequences in the future. The Municipal Zoning Ordinance and the Comprehensive Land Use Plan are the two important documents in this research. These are guides in the construction of survey instrument. This research looked into the provisions that make concerned local offices responsible in implementing and monitoring the priority projects. It was conducted in the Municipality of Lingayen from January to April 2014. It found out that all the provisions stated in the Municipal Zoning Ordinance were observed and the priority projects of the municipality are in on-going status. It is recommended that there should be monitoring and assessment activities to be done in order to remind those in-charge of the projects to finish them according to plan. Also, partnership with private enterprises and other local government units should be strengthened in order to implement the priority projects.

Recubrimientos contra la corrosión a alta temperatura para componentes de turbinas de gas

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Agüero, A.

2007-10-01

Full Text Available Hot section gas turbine components are made of superalloys, developed to withstand high temperatures in conditions in which mechanical stresses are high and that require high surface stability. However, during the 50s it became evident that compositions resulting in high mechanical strength for these materials were not compatible with those offering optimal protection from the working environments. The idea of employing protective coatings over materials with high mechanical strength resulted therefore from this situation. Presently, both aeronautic and power generation turbines operate at temperatures within the 900-1400 °C, thanks to these coatings, indispensable for their correct operation. In this work, the principal degradation mechanisms in these operating conditions and the different type of coatings presently employed by the industrial sector are described, beginning by the oldest Ni or Co aluminides, following with the addition of other metals such as Pt, Cr, etc. to the former coatings in order to increase their useful life, continuing with the overlay MCrAlY coatings and finishing with the thermal barrier coating systems. Moreover, the corresponding deposition techniques industrially employed to deposit these coatings are described, and finally, an insight of the latest research lines currently being developed is also included.

Los componentes de las zonas calientes de las turbinas de gas están hechos de superaleaciones desarrolladas para soportar altas temperaturas, en condiciones en que las tensiones mecánicas son relativamente altas y en las que se requiere una alta estabilidad superficial. Sin embargo, durante la década de 1950-60, se hizo evidente que las composiciones que aumentaban la resistencia mecánica de estos materiales y aquellas que ofrecían una óptima protección contra ambientes agresivos no eran compatibles. Esto, condujo a la idea de emplear recubrimientos protectores sobre materiales con alta

Nitrate and trace elements in municipal and bottled water in Spain Nitrato y elementos traza en agua embotellada y municipal en España

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Nadia Espejo-Herrera

2013-04-01

Full Text Available Objectives: To describe levels of nitrate and trace elements in drinking water from the study areas of a multicase-control study of cancer in Spain (MCC-Spain. Methods: A total of 227 tap water samples were randomly collected from 67 municipalities in 11 provinces and the nine most frequently consumed bottled water brands were sampled to measure levels of nitrate, arsenic, nickel, chromium, cadmium, lead, selenium and zinc. Results: The median nitrate level was 4.2mg/l (rangeObjetivos: Determinar las concentraciones de nitrato y de elementos traza en el agua de consumo de las áreas del estudio Multicaso-Control de Cáncer en España (MCC-Spain. Métodos: Se tomaron al azar 227 muestras de agua municipal en 67 municipios de 11 provincias, y 9 muestras de las aguas embotelladas más consumidas, para cuantificar la cantidad presente de nitrato, arsénico, níquel, cromo, cadmio, plomo y zinc. Resultados: La mediana de las cifras de nitrato fue 4,2mg/l (rango<1-29,0, con similares resultados en municipios urbanos y rurales (p=0,86. Los elementos traza fueron incuantificables en el 94% de las muestras de agua municipal. Se observaron diferencias entre áreas para nitrato (p<0,001 y arsénico (p=0,03. Solo el nitrato fue cuantificable en el agua embotellada (rango 2,3-15,6mg/l. Conclusiones: La cantidad de nitrato en el agua municipal difiere entre regiones y es menor que el límite regulatorio en todas las muestras. Los elementos traza son mayormente incuantificables tanto en el agua municipal como en la embotellada.

Un proyecto europeo en metrología de altas temperaturas para aplicaciones industriales

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

del Campo, D.

2013-08-01

Full Text Available The measurement of temperatures above 1000 ºC is both difficult and yet vital for the success of a wide range of industrial processes; glass and ceramic manufacturing (1100 ºC to 2000 ºC or refractory metals production (2500+ ºC are clear examples. Many of these industries require improved process efficiency/control, because of growing environmental concerns (emissions/”zero waste” and competition from outside the EU. One of the keys to making advances to these drivers is improving process control by improved high temperature measurement. In the frame of the European Metrology Research Program (EMRP, a project named “High temperature metrology for industrial applications (HiTeMS with the overall objective of developing a suite of methods and techniques for improving the measurement of high temperatures in industry has been running since September 2011. This paper gives an overview of the main objectives of the project and the technical activities that are being performed.La medida de temperatura por encima de 1000 ºC es tanto complicada como vital para el éxito de una gran variedad de procesos industriales; la producción de cerámica y vidrio (de 1100 ºC a 2000 ºC o de materiales refractarios (temperaturas por encima de 2500 ºC, son claros ejemplos. Muchas de estas industrias requieren una mejora de la eficiencia y del control de sus procesos debido a la creciente preocupación por el medio ambiente (“cero emisiones” y la competencia de países fuera de la Unión Europea. Una de las claves para llevar a cabo avances en este sentido es mediante la mejora del control de los procesos mejorando la medida de alta temperatura. Dentro del Programa Europeo de Investigación en Metrología (EMRP en sus siglas en inglés se está desarrollando, desde septiembre de 2011, un proyecto llamado “Metrología de altas temperaturas para aplicaciones industriales” (HiTeMs, con el objetivo fundamental de desarrollar una serie de m

CARACTERIZAÇÃO E INSERÇÃO DA ATIVIDADE LEITEIRA NA REGIÃO ALTA PAULISTA / CHARACTERIZATION AND INCORPORATION OF THE MILK ACTIVITY IN THE ALTA PAULISTA REGION

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Sandra Cristina de OLIVEIRA

2010-11-01

Full Text Available A atividade leiteira sempre esteve presente na Região Alta Paulista, desempenhando um papel relevante na geração de emprego e renda. Esta atividade passou por mudanças na década de 1990 que ocorreram em âmbito nacional, e que trouxeram modificações no seu modo de produção e de inserção no mercado. Este trabalho tem por objetivo caracterizar a pecuária leiteira na Região Alta Paulista, bem como as formas de inserção dos diferentes agentes envolvidos na mesma. Foram aplicados questionários semi-estruturados às empresas e produtores listados por agentes institucionais da região. Observou-se que a ação coletiva aparece como uma estratégia fundamental para minimizar os problemas enfrentados pelo setor de produção, uma vez que a dinâmica de mercado vem atuando no sentido de selecionar os produtores de leite por escala de produção, qualidade da matéria-prima e profissionalismo na gestão dos negócios. As empresas entrevistadas apresentam carência de programas de acompanhamento de mão-de-obra, planejamento estratégico, tecnologia de informação e investimento em marketing. A falta de conhecimento sobre os benefícios (ou existência de algumas ferramentas de gestão pode justificar tais resultados, e comprometem seriamente a competitividade da empresa. Porém, a solução está sob controle direto da própria empresa. Tais iniciativas mostram-se como alternativas para uma melhor inserção da produção e da indústria de laticínios no mercado. Palavras-chave: Leite, Competitividade, Mercado.

A proposed groundwater management framework for municipalities ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

A proposed groundwater management framework for municipalities in South Africa. ... Hence, the Water Research Commission (WRC) has commissioned a project ... and available tools to achieve sustainable groundwater management reflect ...

Gaseous emissions during concurrent combustion of biomass and non-recyclable municipal solid waste

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Oakey John

2011-02-01

Full Text Available Abstract Background Biomass and municipal solid waste offer sustainable sources of energy; for example to meet heat and electricity demand in the form of combined cooling, heat and power. Combustion of biomass has a lesser impact than solid fossil fuels (e.g. coal upon gas pollutant emissions, whilst energy recovery from municipal solid waste is a beneficial component of an integrated, sustainable waste management programme. Concurrent combustion of these fuels using a fluidised bed combustor may be a successful method of overcoming some of the disadvantages of biomass (high fuel supply and distribution costs, combustion characteristics and characteristics of municipal solid waste (heterogeneous content, conflict with materials recycling. It should be considered that combustion of municipal solid waste may be a financially attractive disposal route if a 'gate fee' value exists for accepting waste for combustion, which will reduce the net cost of utilising relatively more expensive biomass fuels. Results Emissions of nitrogen monoxide and sulphur dioxide for combustion of biomass are suppressed after substitution of biomass for municipal solid waste materials as the input fuel mixture. Interactions between these and other pollutants such as hydrogen chloride, nitrous oxide and carbon monoxide indicate complex, competing reactions occur between intermediates of these compounds to determine final resultant emissions. Conclusions Fluidised bed concurrent combustion is an appropriate technique to exploit biomass and municipal solid waste resources, without the use of fossil fuels. The addition of municipal solid waste to biomass combustion has the effect of reducing emissions of some gaseous pollutants.

Evaluation of Development of Cooperation in South Bohemian Municipalities in the Years 2007–2014

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Dušek Jiří

2017-06-01

Full Text Available The article presents results of the research of cooperation of municipalities in the South Bohemian Region, focused on the analysis of forms and means of cooperation between 2007 and 2014. The published results are part of an internal research that lasted for many years, the goal of which was both to analyse the development of cooperation of municipalities in the studied region and to identify the prerequisites and barriers of all cooperative relations. The research was done on a sample of 623 South Bohemian municipalities in the period of 2007-2010 and 2013- 2016, the obtained data was processed using descriptive statistics and multidimensional statistical methods, and the results show an almost 20% increase in the means of municipal cooperation across the entire South Bohemian Region. Based on the respective means of cooperation, National Healthy Cities Network of the Czech Republic saw the biggest growth, amounting to +3.275% between 2007 and 2014. Participation in local action groups, where the total of 580 municipalities are already engaged, increased by 32.12%. Although less dynamic, this growth is much more important, as it significantly contributes to the development of rural areas and their absorption abilities, mainly as regards financial resources from the national and European sources. However, fragmented means of municipal cooperation is a current problem of cooperation of municipalities, leading to the disintegrated power of the respective municipalities.

The role of the municipality in water resources management

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Gustavo Carneiro de Noronha

2013-04-01

Full Text Available This article analyzes decentralization of the water resources management within the watershed, where the municipality problems are delimited. The analysis of the water management development in Brazil indicates that the legal framework is embedded in a process of decentralization. The Constitution of 1988 establishes that the superficial waters are goods of the Union and the States. Later, the National Water Resources Policy establishes the watershed as the territorial unit of management. However, the supervision and management of basins remain centralized and without providing an interconnection between water use and other environmental goods. Among the attributions of the municipality are the environmental enforcement, agricultural policy, definition of conservation units and management of the urban territory. The incorporation of these policies in an environmental zoning based in the water management allows better utilization of water availability and local participation in administrative decisions watershed through the municipality.

Energy potential of municipal solid waste incineration in urban areas of China.

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Zheng, Ling

2006-01-01

This study aims to evaluate the energy potential of municipal solid waste (MSW) incineration in Chinese cities from 1996 to 2020. In China, with improving the standard of living recently, the extreme increase of the municipal solid waste generation (MSWG)

Politicians, output-budgets and performance evaluation : case research in three Dutch municipalities

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Bogt, H.J. ter

2000-01-01

Since the mid-eighties many Dutch municipalities have divided their organizations into decentralized units. In addition, most municipalities have introduced management instruments derived from the private sector, and have been paying more attention to the outputs of the organizations. Nowadays, the

Atraindo novos funcionários para empresas de alta performance: uma crítica às razões dos profissionais de recursos humanos

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Filipe Augusto Silveira de Souza

Full Text Available Os chamados sistemas de trabalho de alta performance refletem a necessidade de organizações fortalecerem o envolvimento do trabalhador para que este responda mais rapidamente às demandas por resultados. Apesar de as práticas de alta performance promoverem uma gradual intensificação no trabalho e o aumento do nível de stress dos trabalhadores, e, portanto, restringirem a qualidade de vida e o bem-estar no trabalho, empresas de alta performance exercem grande poder de atração nos profissionais qualificados, o que enseja a indagação sobre os mecanismos que promovem essa atratividade. Para investigar esta questão, este estudo se debruça sobre os discursos proferidos por profissionais que atuam na área de recursos humanos de empresas de alta performance atuantes no Brasil. A pesquisa foi realizada por meio de entrevistas em profundidade com esses profissionais, com perguntas amplas sobre as atividades de recrutamento e seleção de funcionários. Os argumentos e motivos que permeiam os discursos desses profissionais foram analisados à luz do repertório conceitual da Teoria Crítica, particularmente o debate sobre as racionalidades que orientam a ação social. O exame dos discursos aponta para uma comunicação instrumentalmente orientada e para a distorção sistemática do processo comunicativo no interior das organizações, em detrimento do equilíbrio entre vida e trabalho e do bem-estar individual e interpessoal.

O sistema municipal de meio ambiente no Brasil: avanços e desafios Environmental municipal system: advances and challenges

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Rafael Doñate Ávila

2012-12-01

Full Text Available O papel dos governos locais, antes vistos como mero prestadores de serviços, vem evoluindo, pós-Constituição de 1988, para o de agentes do desenvolvimento local. Neste contexto, eles devem assumir o seu papel constitucional de zelar pelo meio ambiente, tomando a decisão de envolver-se com o tema e capacitando-se através da instituição de um Sistema Municipal de Meio Ambiente - SISMUMA. O SISMUMA é um conjunto de órgãos e entidades do Município que são responsáveis pela preservação, conservação, proteção, defesa, melhoria, recuperação e controle do meio ambiente e uso adequado dos recursos ambientais do Município. Este Sistema é uma estrutura político-administrativa que em última instância visa a inserção do componente ambiental no processo de tomada de decisão local, por meio da formulação, implementação e avaliação de políticas ambientais e integração com outras políticas, considerando a realidade e potencialidade de cada região, em conformidade com os princípios de desenvolvimento sustentável. Este artigo visa caracterizar e contextualizar o SISMUMA no Brasil, discutindo o seu papel estratégico na governança para a sustentabilidade municipal, entendida como processo de articulação e negociação que potencializa a integração do componente ambiental no processo de tomada de decisão local, e consequentemente, no processo de desenvolvimento local.After Brazilian 1988 Federal Constitution, the role of local governments is evolving from being seen as mere provider of services to being the local development agents. In this context, they must assume their constitutional role of looking after the environment, taking the decision of becoming involved in this matter and to qualify themselves by establishing a Environment Municipal System - SISMUMA. The SISMUMA is a group of municipal agencies and entities responsible for the preservation, conservation, protection, defense, improvement, restoration and

Mobilization and early hospital discharge for patients with acute myocardial infarction: literature review Movilización y alta precoz en pacientes con infarto agudo del miocardio: revisión de lieratura Mobilização e alta precoce em pacientes com infarto agudo do miocárdio: revisão de literatura

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Juliana de Lima Lopes

2008-01-01

Full Text Available OBJECTIVE: This study was a literature review with the purpose of analyzing articles comparing early and late mobilization and those comparing early and late discharge for patients with acute myocardial infarction. METHODS: The literature review was performed using the Lilacs and Medline databases (1966-2007, and the length of the resting period, the hospitalization and possible complications were analyzed. RESULTS: We selected 18 articles; 11 of them compared early and late mobilization and 7 compared early and late discharge. The length of the resting period in the early mobilization group varied from 2 to 10 days and 5 to 28 days for the longest resting period. The early discharge group stayed in the hospital from 3 to 14 days and the late discharge group stayed in the hospital from 5 to 21 days. CONCLUSION: The studies show that there is no evidence of complications related to short periods of bed rest and hospitalization.OBJETIVO: Analizar los artículos que comparaban la movilización precoz con la tardía, así como aquellos que comparaban el alta precoz con la tardía en pacientes con infarto agudo del miocardio. MÉTODOS: La revisión bibliográfica fue realizada en las Bases de Datos Lilacs y Medline, y fueron analizados el tiempo de reposo y de hospitalización y las complicaciones observadas en los estudios. RESULTADOS: Fueron seleccionados 18 artículos, difundidos entre 1996 y 2007, de los cuales 11 comparaban la movilización precoz con la tardía y 7 el alta precoz con la tardía. El período de reposo en la cama para la movilización precoz varió de 2 a 10 días y de 5 a 28 días para la movilización tardía. Con relación al tiempo de hospitalización se observó que el período de alta precoz varió de 3 a 14 días y de 5 a 21 días para el alta tardía. CONCLUSIÓN: Los estudios muestran que no hay evidencias de mayores complicaciones relacionadas a los cortos períodos de reposo y de hospitalización.OBJETIVO: Analisar os

17 CFR 240.15Ba2-4 - Registration of successor to registered municipal securities dealer.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-04-01

... event that a municipal securities dealer succeeds to and continues the business of a registered... registration of the successor if the successor, within 30 days after such succession, files an application for... municipal securities dealer succeeds to and continues the business of a registered predecessor municipal...

GHG emission factors developed for the collection, transport and landfilling of municipal waste in South African municipalities

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Friedrich, Elena, E-mail: Friedriche@ukzn.ac.za [CRECHE Centre for Research in Environmental, Coastal and Hydrological Engineering, School of Engineering, Civil Engineering Programme, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Howard College Campus, Durban (South Africa); Trois, Cristina [CRECHE Centre for Research in Environmental, Coastal and Hydrological Engineering, School of Engineering, Civil Engineering Programme, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Howard College Campus, Durban (South Africa)

2013-04-15

Highlights: ► An average GHG emission factor for the collection and transport of municipal solid waste in South Africa is calculated. ► A range of GHG emission factors for different types of landfills (including dumps) in South Africa are calculated. ► These factors are compared internationally and their implications for South Africa and developing countries are discussed . ► Areas for new research are highlighted. - Abstract: Greenhouse gas (GHG) emission factors are used with increased frequency for the accounting and reporting of GHG from waste management. However, these factors have been calculated for developed countries of the Northern Hemisphere and are lacking for developing countries. This paper shows how such factors have been developed for the collection, transport and landfilling of municipal waste in South Africa. As such it presents a model on how international results and methodology can be adapted and used to calculate country-specific GHG emission factors from waste. For the collection and transport of municipal waste in South Africa, the average diesel consumption is around 5 dm{sup 3} (litres) per tonne of wet waste and the associated GHG emissions are about 15 kg CO{sub 2} equivalents (CO{sub 2} e). Depending on the type of landfill, the GHG emissions from the landfilling of waste have been calculated to range from −145 to 1016 kg CO{sub 2} e per tonne of wet waste, when taking into account carbon storage, and from 441 to 2532 kg CO{sub 2} e per tonne of wet waste, when carbon storage is left out. The highest emission factor per unit of wet waste is for landfill sites without landfill gas collection and these are the dominant waste disposal facilities in South Africa. However, cash strapped municipalities in Africa and the developing world will not be able to significantly upgrade these sites and reduce their GHG burdens if there is no equivalent replacement of the Clean Development Mechanism (CDM) resulting from the Kyoto agreement

Calculation of financial compensation due of municipalities hosting nuclear waste deposit

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Silva, Renata A. da; Simoes, Francisco Fernando L.; Martins, Vivian B.

2011-01-01

The present work evaluates the math from monthly financial transfers to municipalities with technical viability for building of initial or intermediate repository for storing of radioactivity nuclear waste: gloves, sneakers, mask, resins and filters came from thermonuclear facilities. Several aspects have been considered as the geological factors of the site as presence of capable faults, groundwater vulnerability, infiltration of seawater. Also, it was take into account socioeconomic factors: population density, costs for construction, maintenance and operation of repository; size and activity of waste; among others. Hereafter, we have presented the key features of low and average activity repository and high activity repository even as initial, intermediate and final repository and the possible environment impact. The methodology for calculation of financial compensation of municipalities was established by CNEN will be applied for a specific assumed municipality. The analysis of financial compensation due to the specific nuclear waste deposit and the possible guidelines for the use of that compensation by the municipality will be analyzed. In addiction, it will be compared the model for compensation used for nuclear wastes with other plants receiving permanent wastes from cemeteries and sanitary landfills, where the land should not be allowed for the human activities the same as: crops, livestock and buildings. Also, comparison with royalties and indemnities were paid by facilities of energy production as hydroelectric dams as well as petroleum and gas exploration plants. The destination of financial compensation transfer to the municipality is in charge of the city administration. The compensation could be applied of investments in education and culture, health, sanitation works, improvement of public transport, environment, among others. It will be discussed the cost-benefit relation for the assumed municipality. (author)

Calculation of financial compensation due of municipalities hosting nuclear waste deposit

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Silva, Renata A. da, E-mail: renata.amaral@ufrj.b [Instituto de Engenharia Nuclear (IEN/CNEN-RJ), Rio de Janeiro, RJ (Brazil); Simoes, Francisco Fernando L.; Martins, Vivian B., E-mail: flamego@ien.gov.b [Instituto de Engenharia Nuclear (LIMA/IEN/CNEN-RJ), Rio de Janeiro, RJ (Brazil). Lab. Impactos Ambientais

2011-07-01

The present work evaluates the math from monthly financial transfers to municipalities with technical viability for building of initial or intermediate repository for storing of radioactivity nuclear waste: gloves, sneakers, mask, resins and filters came from thermonuclear facilities. Several aspects have been considered as the geological factors of the site as presence of capable faults, groundwater vulnerability, infiltration of seawater. Also, it was take into account socioeconomic factors: population density, costs for construction, maintenance and operation of repository; size and activity of waste; among others. Hereafter, we have presented the key features of low and average activity repository and high activity repository even as initial, intermediate and final repository and the possible environment impact. The methodology for calculation of financial compensation of municipalities was established by CNEN will be applied for a specific assumed municipality. The analysis of financial compensation due to the specific nuclear waste deposit and the possible guidelines for the use of that compensation by the municipality will be analyzed. In addiction, it will be compared the model for compensation used for nuclear wastes with other plants receiving permanent wastes from cemeteries and sanitary landfills, where the land should not be allowed for the human activities the same as: crops, livestock and buildings. Also, comparison with royalties and indemnities were paid by facilities of energy production as hydroelectric dams as well as petroleum and gas exploration plants. The destination of financial compensation transfer to the municipality is in charge of the city administration. The compensation could be applied of investments in education and culture, health, sanitation works, improvement of public transport, environment, among others. It will be discussed the cost-benefit relation for the assumed municipality. (author)

Electrodialytic remediation of municipal solid waste incineration residues using different membranes

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Parés Viader, Raimon; Jensen, Pernille Erland; Ottosen, Lisbeth M.

2017-01-01

In the present work, three different commercial membrane brands were used in an identical electrodialytic cell setup and operating conditions, in order to reduce the leaching of metals and salt anions of two types of municipal solid waste incineration residues: air pollution control residues...... as a technology to upgrade municipal solid waste incineration residues....

GHG emission factors developed for the recycling and composting of municipal waste in South African municipalities

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Friedrich, Elena, E-mail: Friedriche@ukzn.ac.za; Trois, Cristina

2013-11-15

Highlights: • GHG emission factors for local recycling of municipal waste are presented. • GHG emission factors for two composting technologies for garden waste are included. • Local GHG emission factors were compared to international ones and discussed. • Uncertainties and limitations are presented and areas for new research highlighted. - Abstract: GHG (greenhouse gas) emission factors for waste management are increasingly used, but such factors are very scarce for developing countries. This paper shows how such factors have been developed for the recycling of glass, metals (Al and Fe), plastics and paper from municipal solid waste, as well as for the composting of garden refuse in South Africa. The emission factors developed for the different recyclables in the country show savings varying from −290 kg CO{sub 2} e (glass) to −19 111 kg CO{sub 2} e (metals – Al) per tonne of recyclable. They also show that there is variability, with energy intensive materials like metals having higher GHG savings in South Africa as compared to other countries. This underlines the interrelation of the waste management system of a country/region with other systems, in particular with energy generation, which in South Africa, is heavily reliant on coal. This study also shows that composting of garden waste is a net GHG emitter, releasing 172 and 186 kg CO{sub 2} e per tonne of wet garden waste for aerated dome composting and turned windrow composting, respectively. The paper concludes that these emission factors are facilitating GHG emissions modelling for waste management in South Africa and enabling local municipalities to identify best practice in this regard.

GHG emission factors developed for the recycling and composting of municipal waste in South African municipalities

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Friedrich, Elena; Trois, Cristina

2013-01-01

Highlights: • GHG emission factors for local recycling of municipal waste are presented. • GHG emission factors for two composting technologies for garden waste are included. • Local GHG emission factors were compared to international ones and discussed. • Uncertainties and limitations are presented and areas for new research highlighted. - Abstract: GHG (greenhouse gas) emission factors for waste management are increasingly used, but such factors are very scarce for developing countries. This paper shows how such factors have been developed for the recycling of glass, metals (Al and Fe), plastics and paper from municipal solid waste, as well as for the composting of garden refuse in South Africa. The emission factors developed for the different recyclables in the country show savings varying from −290 kg CO 2 e (glass) to −19 111 kg CO 2 e (metals – Al) per tonne of recyclable. They also show that there is variability, with energy intensive materials like metals having higher GHG savings in South Africa as compared to other countries. This underlines the interrelation of the waste management system of a country/region with other systems, in particular with energy generation, which in South Africa, is heavily reliant on coal. This study also shows that composting of garden waste is a net GHG emitter, releasing 172 and 186 kg CO 2 e per tonne of wet garden waste for aerated dome composting and turned windrow composting, respectively. The paper concludes that these emission factors are facilitating GHG emissions modelling for waste management in South Africa and enabling local municipalities to identify best practice in this regard

Defining a Canadian approach to municipal consolidation in major city-regions

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Jim Lightbody

2009-05-01

Full Text Available Where there is a central government with an exclusive mandate over municipalities, along with a state executive structure using the Westminster model, then the consolidation of squabbling municipalities within metropolitan boundaries becomes a distinct possibility A general model of municipal restructuring for the Canadian metropolis is more widespread than the superficially unique circumstances of each case might suggest. The thinking here is informed by Clarence Stone’s urban regime model, which helps to clarify what influences constituted the political tipping point for central government action. The paper focuses primarily on the Toronto and Montreal city-regional municipal consolidations at the end of the last century. It is argued that the decisive element in setting the stage for significant change lay in the pervasive influence of corporate Canada in generally shaping provincial political discourse. What has not previously been of much interest for investigators is the matter of direct consequences for the low politics of city-regional governance. As will be seen, they were both tangible and considerable.

An expanding culture of control? The municipal administrative sanctions Act in Belgium

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Devroe, E.; Bruinsma, G.; Van, der Beken T.

2016-01-01

This article provides an in-depth study of the Act on Municipal Administrative Sanctions 1999 (MAS), which is the first major piece of legislation regulating antisocial behaviour in Belgium. MAS provides municipalities with an instrument to sanction antisocial behaviour and conduct perceived to

78 FR 5350 - Adequacy of Massachusetts Municipal Solid Waste Landfill Permit Program

Science.gov (United States)

2013-01-25

...] Adequacy of Massachusetts Municipal Solid Waste Landfill Permit Program AGENCY: Environmental Protection... modification of its approved Municipal Solid Waste Landfill Program. On March 22, 2004, EPA issued final... solid waste landfills by approved states. On December 7, 2012 Massachusetts submitted an application to...

Mapa de índices de erodabilidad en la cuenca alta del río Bogotá utilizando el sistema de información geográfica ARC-INFO™

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Lucio Andrés Santos Acuña

1999-05-01

Full Text Available Se presentan los mapas de zonas de erodabilidad para los suelos de la cuenca alta del río Bogotá, usando como criterios de interpretación los propuestos por USDA (1962 y con base en el mapa de asociaciones de suelo del estudio general de suelos con fines agrícolas para la cuenca alta del río Bogotá. El factor de erodabilidad, K, se calculó por los métodos indirectos de Wischmeier (1978 y Paulet (1973, sobre un total de 96 perfiles de suelos representativos, tomados de ocho estudios de suelos generales, semi detallados y detallados que incluían alguna zona de la cuenca alta del río Bogotá.

Municipalities and energy efficiency in countries in transition

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Rezessy, Silvia; Dimitrov, Konstantin; Urge-Vorsatz, Diana; Baruch, Seth

2006-01-01

It is widely recognized that many cost-efficient opportunities to employ end-use energy efficiency measures exist in countries in transition (CITs) and that municipal authorities have an essential role to play in capturing these opportunities. The aim of this paper is to review the factors that determine the degree of involvement of local authorities in the market for energy services and energy efficient (EE) equipment in three CITs: Bulgaria, Hungary and the Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia (hereafter: Macedonia). We achieve this aim by examining the current status of local governments as the most powerful determinant of municipal market involvement. Two broad groups of factors are discussed: statutory obligations and powers of local governments, especially energy-related tasks, and finance. We explain how specific features within these two areas may influence the motivation of local authorities to improve energy efficiency and their capacity to do so. We argue that greater decentralization is the first step in augmenting the role of local authorities in the market for energy services and EE equipment. Based on the analysis we give recommendations on how to encourage municipal authorities to use market mechanisms more extensively to deliver energy efficiency

Sustainable kerbside recycling in the municipal garbage contract.

Science.gov (United States)

Chowdhury, Moe

2009-12-01

In an era of global warming, rising energy costs and increasing volumes of wastes destined for landfills and incinerators, communities should set up environmentally sustainable services that are cost-effective for their citizens and revenue generators for municipalities. A win-win garbage collection and kerbside recycling program established more than eight years ago in a small rural community in Ohio, US is still going strong. It is offering a relatively inexpensive way for waste disposal by providing an incentive-based and highly participatory kerbside recycling and at the same time bringing in substantial franchise fees for the municipal coffers. Unlike garbage contracts in most communities that are designed for only residential waste collection, this program extends disposal and recycling services to non-residential establishments. It picks up hard-to-dispose household furniture, appliances and other bulky items without additional costs to the residents. By being creative and assessing local political and socio-economic milieu, public officials can implement a comprehensive service package for taking care of their community throwaways. However, before establishing such programs in partnership with a private firm, city administrators must understand the intricacies of bid specifications customized for municipal wastes and recyclable materials.

Intervención municipal en la gestión del riesgo por desastre

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Romero Vargas, Lorena

2004-05-01

Full Text Available El documento describe el papel que tienen las municipalidades, como actores sociales, en la reducción del riesgo por desastre a corto, mediano y largo plazo. Señala que no existe a nivel municipal una política establecida al respecto, no obstante, se puede realizar una intervención correctiva y prospectiva dentro de las potencialidades y limitaciones existentes. Expone acciones que se pueden ejecutar desde el quehacer cotidiano municipal, las cuales pueden llevarse en paralelo a procesos, programas, proyectos o actividades que se realizan The document describes the role of the municipalities as social actors in the risk reduction by disasters at short, medium and long term. It indicates that at the municipal level there is not a policy established in this regard; nevertheless, there could be a corrective and prospective intervention within the existing potentiality and limitations. It presents actions that can be executed from the daily operation of the municipality and that can be developed in parallel processes, programs, projects or activities

Análisis ambiental de la cuenca alta del río cauca, sus actores principales y la afectación en el suministro de agua [recurso electrónico

OpenAIRE

Moreno Ángulo, Gustavo Eduardo

2014-01-01

Dese el año 2000, es notorio como el suministro de agua potable para la ciudad de Santiago de Cali, viene sufriendo por el cierre de las Bocatomas de la planta de tratamiento de Puerto Mallarino en razón de la alta turbiedad y la alta contaminación de río Cauca al sur de la ciudad, siendo la primera por el deterioro de las cuencas alta de rio Cauca y la segunda principalmente por la carga contaminante que llega al canal Sur por vertimientos de aguas servidas a los ríos Lili, Meléndez y Cañav...

Agricultural-geographical characteristics of the Ljig municipality

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Todorović Marina

2006-01-01

Full Text Available Complex relationships, following from numerous and complex links between the social-economic factors and the natural advantages of the area (favorable positions of hills and valleys in the relief, availability of water and waterfowls, a moderate continental climate, and a great wealth of high-quality agricultural surfaces are the basis for the development of the villages and of the agricultural production in the Ljig municipality. Research has been conducted with the purpose of showing, on the basis of available resources of the municipality, how the agriculture and village spaces could best be developed, towards an optimum; local marketable surpluses of farm products could be processed, industrially, for sale, and this means that the existing industrial capacities should be better used and new ones built. Also, the natural and human resources could be used in the servicing sector, and in other non-agricultural businesses. On the basis of analyzed factors, our results suggest that in the Ljig municipality, further development must be based on improvements in the rural zones as multifunctional and integral; these must serve for production, but also for social and cultural purposes. The farms should become economically stronger, and they should more elastically take part in the market economy, using an adequate combination of factors such as: natural resources, demographic processes, and connectedness by traffic infrastructure and other infra- and supra-structures.

Mental health among the unemployed and the unemployment rate in the municipality.

Science.gov (United States)

Strandh, Mattias; Novo, Mehmed; Hammarström, Anne

2011-12-01

Previous research has shown that unemployment experiences increase the risk of poor mental health and that this effect differs depending on individual characteristics. Relatively little is known, however, about how the unemployment rate and labour market conditions impact the relationship. This study investigates how municipal unemployment rates and vacancy rates affect mental health in a nationally representative longitudinal survey of initially unemployed Swedish respondents. The study uses a nationally representative longitudinal survey of currently and recently unemployed people in Sweden, in which respondents were re-interviewed one year after the initial interview. Mental health was measured using the GHQ-12. The present article uses multilevel models (hierarchical linear models) to combine municipal-level information on unemployment levels and vacancy rates with individual-level control variables. Higher municipal vacancy rates improved mental health among the unemployed. However, no coherent effect of municipal unemployment rate on the relationship between unemployment and mental health was found. The effect of municipal vacancy rates can be understood in terms of the impact of perceived opportunity on the sense of life-course predictability. That there was no effect of municipal unemployment rate indicates that high local unemployment levels do not reduce the sense of shame and perceived stigma among the unemployed. Taken together, our findings would seem to present a rather bleak picture of the current dramatic labour market situation. The unemployed will be negatively affected by the extremely low demand for labour, while they will not be able to take comfort from their growing numbers.

Municipal Forest Management in Latin America | IDRC ...

International Development Research Centre (IDRC) Digital Library (Canada)

2004-01-01

Jan 1, 2004 ... Book cover Municipal Forest Management in Latin America ... forest management schemes we could use as models to develop policies? ... Call for proposals: Innovations for the economic inclusion of marginalized youth.

ORGANIZATIONAL CULTURE AND CHANGE MANAGEMENT OF MUNICIPAL COLLEGE PALHOÇA

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Joici Lilian Rodrigues

2015-11-01

Full Text Available This dissertation  analyzes the perceptions of managers of the Faculdade Municipal de Palhoça, which represent an outline of what can be understood as aspects of the organizational culture of this educational institution. Its specific objectives are: a to indicate aspects of the organizational culture of the institution; b to identify values among the group managers; c to link the different perceptions of managers to the public policies of the Municipality, and to the possibilities, in the managers’ perception, of interpreting the culture of the Faculdade Municipal de Palhoça. The study was conducted using the exploratory method, in which the researcher agent interprets the data collection using a qualitative approach, with discourse analysis. The survey is an interpretative case study of a municipal institution, in which a semi-structured interview was applied as the data collection technique, which provided primary data, based on the interpretive paradigm. The interviews were conducted in October 2013, with the directors, and undergraduate and postgraduate coordinators. Following a theoretical and empirical discussion on the theme of organizational culture and change, the objective of analysis of the study was to understand the organizational phenomena and behavior of actors within the context of a public higher education institution in Greater Florianópolis.

Phycoremediation of municipal wastewater by microalgae to produce biofuel.

Science.gov (United States)

Singh, Amit Kumar; Sharma, Nikunj; Farooqi, Humaira; Abdin, Malik Zainul; Mock, Thomas; Kumar, Shashi

2017-09-02

Municipal wastewater (WW), if not properly remediated, poses a threat to the environment and human health by carrying significant loads of nutrients and pathogens. These contaminants pollute rivers, lakes, and natural reservoirs where they cause eutrophication and pathogen-mediated diseases. However, the high nutrient content of WW makes it an ideal environment for remediation with microalgae that require high nutrient concentrations for growth and are not susceptible to toxins and pathogens. Given that an appropriate algal strain is used for remediation, the incurred biomass can be refined for the production of biofuel. Four microalgal species (Chlamydomonas reinhardtii, Chlorella sp., Parachlorella kessleri-I, and Nannochloropsis gaditana) were screened for efficient phycoremediation of municipal WW and potential use for biodiesel production. Among the four strains tested, P. kessleri-I showed the highest growth rate and biomass production in 100% WW. It efficiently removed all major nutrients with a removal rate of up to 98% for phosphate after 10 days of growth in 100% municipal WW collected from Delhi. The growth of P. kessleri-I in WW resulted in a 50% increase of biomass and a 115% increase of lipid yield in comparison to growth in control media. The Fatty acid methyl ester (FAME), and fuel properties of lipids isolated from cells grown in WW complied with international standards. The present study provides evidence that the green alga P. kessleri-I effectively remediates municipal WW and can be used to produce biodiesel.

Validation of networks derived from snowball sampling of municipal science education actors

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

von der Fehr, Ane; Sølberg, Jan; Bruun, Jesper

2016-01-01

predictions based on existing knowledge of the municipalities aligned with SNA data. However, these discrepancies could be explained by development in the municipalities in the time following previous investigations. This study shows that snowball sampling is an applicable method to use for mapping hidden...

78 FR 20073 - Adequacy of Oregon's Municipal Solid Waste Landfill Permit Program

Science.gov (United States)

2013-04-03

...] Adequacy of Oregon's Municipal Solid Waste Landfill Permit Program AGENCY: Environmental Protection Agency... Oregon's approved Municipal Solid Waste Landfill Program. On March 22, 2004, EPA issued final regulations... waste landfills by approved states. On June 14, 2012, Oregon submitted an application to EPA Region 10...

40 CFR 258.16 - Closure of existing municipal solid waste landfill units.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-07-01

... waste landfill units. 258.16 Section 258.16 Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED) SOLID WASTES CRITERIA FOR MUNICIPAL SOLID WASTE LANDFILLS Location Restrictions § 258.16 Closure of existing municipal solid waste landfill units. (a) Existing MSWLF units that cannot make the...

Improvement of economic security management system of municipalities with account of transportation system development: methods of assessment

Science.gov (United States)

Khe Sun, Pak; Vorona-Slivinskaya, Lubov; Voskresenskay, Elena

2017-10-01

The article highlights the necessity of a complex approach to assess economic security of municipalities, which would consider municipal management specifics. The approach allows comparing the economic security level of municipalities, but it does not describe parameter differences between compared municipalities. Therefore, there is a second method suggested: parameter rank order method. Applying these methods allowed to figure out the leaders and outsiders of the economic security among municipalities and rank all economic security parameters according to the significance level. Complex assessment of the economic security of municipalities, based on the combination of the two approaches, allowed to assess the security level more accurate. In order to assure economic security and equalize its threshold values, one should pay special attention to transportation system development in municipalities. Strategic aims of projects in the area of transportation infrastructure development in municipalities include the following issues: contribution into creating and elaborating transportation logistics and manufacture transport complexes, development of transportation infrastructure with account of internal and external functions of the region, public transport development, improvement of transport security and reducing its negative influence on the environment.

Municipal solid waste management in Tehran: Changes during the last 5 years.

Science.gov (United States)

Malmir, Tahereh; Tojo, Yasumasa

2016-05-01

The situation of waste management in Tehran was a typical example of it in developing countries. The amount of municipal solid waste has been increasing and the city has depended on landfill for municipal solid waste management. However, in recent years, various measures have been taken by the city, such as collecting recyclables at the source and increasing the capacity of waste-processing facilities. As a result, significant changes in the waste stream are starting to occur. This study investigated the nature of, and reasons for, the marked changes in the waste stream from 2008 to 2012 by analysing the municipal solid waste statistics published by the Tehran Waste Management Organization in 2013 and survey data on the physical composition of the municipal solid waste. The following trends were identified: Although the generation of municipal solid waste increased by 10% during the 5-year period, the amount of waste directly disposed of to landfill halved and resource recovery almost doubled. An increase in the capacity of a waste-processing facility contributed significantly to these changes. The biodegradable fraction going to landfill was estimated by using the quantity and the composition of each input to the landfill. The estimated result in 2012 decreased to 49% of its value in 2008. © The Author(s) 2016.

Greenhouse gases emission from municipal waste management: The role of separate collection.

Science.gov (United States)

Calabrò, Paolo S

2009-07-01

The municipal solid waste management significantly contributes to the emission in the atmosphere of greenhouse gases (e.g. CO(2), CH(4), N(2)O) and therefore the management process from collection to treatment and disposal has to be optimized in order to reduce these emissions. In this paper, starting from the average composition of undifferentiated municipal solid waste in Italy, the effect of separate collection on greenhouse gases emissions from municipal waste management has been assessed. Different combinations of separate collection scenarios and disposal options (i.e. landfilling and incineration) have been considered. The effect of energy recovery from waste both in landfills and incinerators has also been addressed. The results outline how a separate collection approach can have a significant effect on the emission of greenhouse gases and how wise municipal solid waste management, implying the adoption of Best Available Technologies (i.e. biogas recovery and exploitation system in landfills and energy recovery system in Waste to Energy plants), can not only significantly reduce greenhouse gases emissions but, in certain cases, can also make the overall process a carbon sink. Moreover it has been shown that separate collection of plastic is a major issue when dealing with global warming relevant emissions from municipal solid waste management.

Organizing principles and management climate in high-performing municipal elderly care.

Science.gov (United States)

Kajonius, Petri; Kazemi, Ali; Tengblad, Stefan

2016-01-01

Purpose - Previous research has shown that user-oriented care predicts older persons' satisfaction with care. What is yet to be researched is how senior management facilitates the implementation of user-oriented care. The purpose of this study is to investigate the organizing principles and management climate characterizing successful elderly care. Design/methodology/approach - The department in one highly ranked municipality was selected and compared with a more average municipality. On-site in-depth semi-structured interviews with department managers and participatory observations at managers' meetings were conducted in both municipalities. Findings - Results revealed three key principles for successful elderly care: organizing care from the viewpoint of the older person; recruiting and training competent and autonomous employees; instilling a vision for the mission that guides operations at all levels in the organization. Furthermore, using climate theory to interpret the empirical material, in the highly successful municipality the management climate was characterized by affective support and cognitive autonomy, in contrast to a more instrumental work climate primarily focusing on organizational structure and doing the right things characterizing the more average municipality. Originality/value - The authors suggest that guiding organizing principles are intertwined with management climate and that there are multiple perspectives that must be considered by the management, that is, the views of the older persons, the co-workers and the mission. These results can guide future care quality developments, and increase the understanding of the importance of organizational climate at the senior management level.

Soil Microbial Functional and Fungal Diversity as Influenced by Municipal Sewage Sludge Accumulation

OpenAIRE

Frąc, Magdalena; Oszust, Karolina; Lipiec, Jerzy; Jezierska-Tys, Stefania; Nwaichi, Eucharia Oluchi

2014-01-01

Safe disposal of municipal sewage sludge is a challenging global environmental concern. The aim of this study was to assess the response of soil microbial functional diversity to the accumulation of municipal sewage sludge during landfill storage. Soil samples of a municipal sewage sludge (SS) and from a sewage sludge landfill that was 3 m from a SS landfill (SS3) were analyzed relative to an undisturbed reference soil. Biolog EcoPlatesTM were inoculated with a soil suspension, and the Avera...

Municipal resources and patient outcomes through the first year after a hip fracture.

Science.gov (United States)

Ruths, Sabine; Baste, Valborg; Bakken, Marit Stordal; Engesæter, Lars Birger; Lie, Stein Atle; Haugland, Siren

2017-02-16

Hip fractures represent major critical events for older people, and put huge demands on economic and personnel resources. Most hip fracture patients are in need of postoperative rehabilitation services. Through the Coordination Reform, the municipalities in Norway were given increased responsibility for community-based treatment and rehabilitation after surgery. The purpose of this study was to examine associations between municipal resources and patient outcomes through the first year after a hip fracture, focusing on survival and health-related quality of life. We conducted a nationwide cohort study on people experiencing a hip fracture in 2011-2012 in Norway, with a 1-year follow-up. We obtained data on date of hip fracture, demographics, total morbidity (ASA) score, health-related quality of life (EQ-5D-3 L), date of death if applicable, municipality of residence (Norwegian Hip Fracture Register), date of hospital readmission due to complications (Norwegian Patient Register), and information on municipalities' characteristics (Municipality-State-Reporting). The study population comprised 15,757 patients, mean age 80.8 years, 68.6% women. All-cause mortality was 8.6% at 30 days, and 25.3% at 12 months. Mortality was lower in the municipalities with the highest overall staff time for rehabilitation. A high proportion of the population aged 80+, was associated with low rates of self-reported anxiety/depression 12 months after surgery, as well as higher general health scores (EQ-5D VAS). There were no other differences in outcome according to rehabilitation resources, when comparing municipalities with the highest and lowest staffing. The study revealed no substantial impact of municipal resources on survival and health-related quality of life through the first year after a hip fracture. To evaluate major organizational changes and allocate resources according to best practice, there is a need to monitor health outcomes and use of resources over time through

The alteration of municipal terms in the local reform of 2013: chronicle of an announced failure

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Eloisa Carbonell Porras

2018-04-01

Full Text Available The reform of the basic legislation of the local regime operated by Law 27/2013, of December 27, on Rationalization and Sustainability of Local Administration has affected the municipal structure in order to try to correct the problems of small municipalities in a double sense: on the one hand, the requirements to create municipalities by segregation have been hardened; and, on the other, measures to promote the merger of municipalities have been approved, by regulating the voluntary merger agreement. These modifications delimit the object of this study that analyzes the main legal problems that the interpretation of these changes imply as well as their real consequences. On its basis, it is concluded that, although the changes are relevant to prevent new municipalities, they have a very limited effectiveness in reducing the existing small municipalities.

Waste Management Policy in Tourism Area of Saensuk Municipality, Thailand

OpenAIRE

Wijaya, Andy Fefta; Kaewmanee, Pongsathon

2014-01-01

Saensuk Municipality is a famous tourism city in Thailand, especially Bangsaen beach. In supporting the tourism activity, it has waste managing method by using new generation administrator and technologies. However, the waste problem happened in Saensuk Municipality is included the human resource ability, technical facility, and the amount of waste. By using the qualitative descriptive method and doing a series of interview to selected informants, the researcher studied and analyzed the probl...

Anuran species composition of Cancão Municipal Natural Park, Municipality of Serra do Navio, Amapá state, Brazil

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Yuri Breno Silva e Silva

2018-05-01

Full Text Available In this study, the first survey of anuran species in the Cancão Municipal Natural Park is presented, a protected area of approximately 370 hectares of Amazonian forest located in the northwest center region of the state of Amapá, Brazil. The work was performed during the dry and rainy season, through active visual and auditory survey, totaling 216 man hours of sampling effort. Forty-nine species of anuran amphibians were recorded in the Cancão Municipal Natural Park, including three new records: Hyalinobatrachium iaspidiense, Pristimantis cf. ockendeni, and Scinax garbei. Three species, Hyalinobatrachium iaspidiense, Ameerega pulchripecta, and Anomaloglossus baeobatrachus, are listed as Data Deficient and one is listed as Vulnerable (Atelopus hoogmoedi according red lists of IUCN. The rarefaction curve cumulative species did not reach an asymptote, indicating that site has potential for species that have not yet been recorded. Nine species were represented by only one individual and were considered rare in the studied environments, eight species were defined as common, and the 32 remaining species were classified as having intermediary abundance. Our data indicated that Cancão Municipal Natural Park contains a considerable portion of the anurans species richness of Amapá state, turn the area into a place of great importance for the conservation of the anurans of the Eastern Amazon.

Treatment and disposal techniques of dangerous municipal solid wastes

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Beone, G.; Carbone, A.I.; Zagaroli, M.

1989-01-01

This paper describes the qualitative and quantitative features of the different types of dangerous municipal solid wastes, according to Italian law. In the second part the impact on environment and man health is presented. This impact should be minimized by suitable controlled disposal techniques, which differ from other municipal waste treatments. Finally, the paper deals with the most appropriate systems for treatment and disposal of such kind of waste. Particularly, some research activities in the field of metal recovery from used batteries, sponsored by ENEA, and carrying out by private companies, are described. (author)

Classification of Region’s Municipalities by Structure and Level of Incomes and Consumer Spending

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Vladislav Yakovlevich Fokin

2015-11-01

Full Text Available The paper presents a classification of region’s municipalities that differ according to two criteria – the structure and level of incomes, and the level of consumer spending. The author investigated the combination of income sources (wages, pensions and unemployment benefits that form in the aggregate the amount of disposable money income of the people who live in the administrative-territorial units of Perm Krai. The author also analyzed the influence of people’s incomes on retail trade turnover in the region’s municipalities. The data were collected, grouped and analyzed; they show that the level of people’s income in large and medium cities, which are industrial centers, exceeds considerably the values of these indicators registered in rural municipalities, single-industry settlements and depressed areas. The reason for this lies in low wages of working population, a large proportion of retirees and the unemployed in the rural areas, single-industry settlements and depressed areas. The article defines nine types of territorial entities in the region that differ in level and structure of income and consumer spending in the municipalities. The author concludes that the territorial differentiation of municipal formations influences the formation of stratified population groups distinguished by the level of income and consumption. The solution to this problem requires joint efforts by the regional administration and municipal authorities to develop management actions with regard to specific features of each municipality

The relationship between the Municipal Master Plan and local Watershed Plans in water management

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Denise Gallo Pizella

2015-07-01

Full Text Available The National Water Resources Policy has as one of its tools the drafting of local Water Resource Plans. In view of water resources planning and its relationship to land use planning, the aim of this work is to analyze the institutional and legal difficulties and the potential for an integrated system of water resources management. For this, we used the method of documentary and bibliographic research, beginning with the “Estatuto da Cidade”, a law for urban policy in Brazil, and literature on water management at the municipal and watershed levels. At the municipal level, the “Master Plan” (municipal plan of land use planning became the main instrument of territorial and municipal management, defining the parameters for the compliance of social, environmental and economic functions of real property. In this sense, the municipalities have a responsibility to protect water resources and, without local support, territorial and water management cannot be integrated in the context of the river basin. Despite the difficulties of including environmental variable in urban planning, the Master Plan has the potential to shape local water management systems that are environmentally sustainable and that progressively improve water quality and quantity within the watershed. Similarly, with more significant participation of the municipality in the Basin Committee, it is possible that the forms of municipal land use and occupation can be considered during the development and implementation of the Basin Plan. Thus, the management of water resources can occur integrally.

76 FR 9772 - Adequacy of Arizona Municipal Solid Waste Landfill Permit Program

Science.gov (United States)

2011-02-22

... Solid Waste Landfill Permit Program AGENCY: Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). ACTION: Notice of... Region IX is proposing to approve a modification to Arizona's municipal solid waste landfill (MSWLF... final rule amending the municipal solid waste landfill criteria at 40 CFR 258.4 to allow for RD&D...

Adapting to climate change : an introduction for Canadian municipalities

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Mehdi, B.

2006-02-01

Climate change studies have indicated that Canada will experience large shifts in weather patterns in the next few decades due to both natural variations as well as human activities that release greenhouse gases to the atmosphere. According to the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, the world's average surface temperature is expected to increase by 1.4 to 5.8 degrees C over the period 1990-2100. The use of fossils fuels in transportation, manufacturing, heating, cooling, and electricity generation is the biggest source of GHGs such as carbon dioxide, methane, and nitrous oxide. The rest comes from land use activities, such as agriculture and forestry. Total GHG emissions in Canada amounted to 740 megatonnes in 2003. Municipalities are directly and indirectly responsible for almost half of those emissions. This document outlined decision-making processes to help municipal governments make informed decisions and take appropriate mitigative action. Topics of discussion focused on the effect of global warming on public health, agriculture, water, coastline and marine management. Among the impacts of climate change are droughts; diminished and lower quality surface water; a higher incidence of vector-borne diseases; more frequent heat waves with discomfort in urban centres; and, an increase in storm surges in coastal regions. The greatest concerns for most municipalities are intense precipitation, heavy winds, or ice storms. Examples of how 6 Canadian communities are starting to address climate change adaptation were presented in the hope that these examples will help raise awareness of climate change impacts in other communities and provide ideas as to how these challenges might be addressed. The Toronto Heat-Health Alert System, the Greater Vancouver Regional District Stormwater Management Program, the Halifax Regional Municipality ClimateSMART Initiative, Sept-Iles' Shoreline Erosion Program, the City of Iqaluit Sustainable Development strategy and the Tidal

Tuberculosis control program in the municipal context: performance evaluation

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Tiemi Arakawa

Full Text Available ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE The objective of this study is to evaluate the performance of the Tuberculosis Control Program in municipalities of the State of São Paulo. METHODS This is a program evaluation research, with ecological design, which uses three non-hierarchical groups of the municipalities of the State of São Paulo according to their performance in relation to operational indicators. We have selected 195 municipalities with at least five new cases of tuberculosis notified in the Notification System of the State of São Paulo and with 20,000 inhabitants or more in 2010. The multiple correspondence analysis was used to identify the association between the groups of different performances, the epidemiological and demographic characteristics, and the characteristics of the health systems of the municipalities. RESULTS The group with the worst performance showed the highest rates of abandonment (average [avg] = 10.4, standard deviation [sd] = 9.4 and the lowest rates of supervision of Directly Observed Treatment (avg = 6.1, sd = 12.9, and it was associated with low incidence of tuberculosis, high tuberculosis and HIV, small population, high coverage of the Family Health Strategy/Program of Community Health Agents, and being located on the countryside. The group with the best performance presented the highest cure rate (avg = 83.7, sd = 10.5 and the highest rate of cases in Directly Observed Treatment (avg = 83.0, sd = 12.7; the group of regular performance showed regular results for outcome (avg cure = 79.8, sd = 13.2; abandonment avg = 9.5, sd = 8.3 and supervision of the Directly Observed Treatment (avg = 42.8, sd = 18.8. Large population, low coverage of the Family Health Strategy/Program of Community Health Agents, high incidence of tuberculosis and AIDS, and being located on the coast and in metropolitan areas were associated with these groups. CONCLUSIONS The findings highlight the importance of the Directly Observed Treatment in relation

RUSSIAN AND FOREIGN PRACTICE OF VALUATING MUNICIPAL REAL ESTATE

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Oleg V. Likhomanov

2017-09-01

Full Text Available The authors analyze the real estate tax system of England, France, Germany, the USA, Canada, Sweden, Denmark, Holland, Spain, Portugal, Poland, Chile, Singapore, the Philippines, and Japan. The following activities are proposed with the aim of creating an effective system of municipal real estate management and improving the quality of local government: to organize the smooth functioning of full and timely accounting of the municipal real estate, the introduction of an automated registry system, including legal, technical, and economic components of records; to develop scientifically based optimal management solutions on the disposal of municipal property, in compliance with the balance of fiscal, investment and socially-oriented objectives in the course of operational management, transfer in use or trust, disposition, use as the authorized capital; to develop the optimal solutions for selecting strategies for achieving maximum economic efficiency and increasing investment attractiveness of municipal property; to exercise effective control over regulatory use of municipal property (especially land resources for its intended purpose; to organize work on reliable cadastral valuation of the property; to provide the state budget institutions for cadastral valuation established in the regions with qualified personnel from among the practicing independent appraisers; to engage independent appraisers for analysis and monitoring of real estate market with the aim of identifying pricing factors and ensuring reliable results, compliant with relevant market data; to completely eliminate the possibility of pressure by officials of local self-government bodies at the state budget institutions for the cadastral valuation to establish the desired orientations of the cadastral value. The authors propose to initiate the introduction of uniform date of establishment of the cadastral value on the territory of the Russian Federation with the aim of providing a

Career Trajectories of Municipal Servants: Two Types of Professional Mobility (Case Study in Novgorod Region

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A A Kurakin

2013-12-01

Full Text Available The case study of a district in the Novgorod region shows some scenarios of recruiting new employees in the district and town municipalities, their work motivation and the most plausible career trajectories. The author argues that on the municipal level (district or its administrative center there are parallel career ladders for the top-ranked municipal clerks and for the rest of the municipal staff: the career trajectory of the high-ranked clerks can be described as a step-by-step trajectory, while the one of the lower-ranked employees — as a shuttle trajectory. There is an almost insurmountable border line between these two levels of municipal hierarchy, an obstacle for implementing the classical Weberian characteristics of “proper” bureaucracy: meritocratic recruitment and workers’ promotion and predictable long-term career ladders.

The land Piedra Alta : A geotectonic unit in the juvenile Paleoproterozoic craton del Rio de la Plata ( Uruguay )

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Preciozzi, F.; Sanchez Bettucci, L.; Oyhantcabal, P.; Pecoits, E.; Aubet, N.; Peel, E.; Basei, M.

2003-01-01

Brazilian Shield (Rio Grande do Sul) where Paleoproterozoic os land, located in the region Western, are covered by Paleozoic sediments of the Paraná Basin. The Neoproterozoic domains develop east of the Precambrian shield of Uruguay. The Exceptions to this comparative correlation are represented by the Campanero Unit and Field Suspect Punta del Este, only identified in Uruguayan territory. The Piedra Alta (Río de la Plata Craton, ss.) Is composed of a complex gneissic-migmatítico plant, essentially composed of porphyritic foliated granitoids interspersed with different types of mafic rocks Paleoproterozoicas Migmatites and, at least in the southern portion, where four metamorphic belts of different degree and extent are interleaved (Montevideo, San Jose, Cerros de San Juan and Arroyo Grande). Granites, granodiorites, and bodies mafic, of different composition, age and location environment are intruding the whole ground. The last magmatic activity is represented by a swarm of dykes aged mafic ca. 1750 - 1790 Ma (Bossi and Pitched, 1991, Halls et al., 2001) and meta tuffs acid intercalated in the Belt of Los Cerros de San Juan whose ages by the method U / Pb located in the vicinity of 1753 ± 5 Ma (Preciozzi et al, in prep.). The Piedra Alta Terrane no evidence of being affected by events tectonotérmicos Neoproterozoic and is separated from the Block Valentines by the shear zone Sarandi del Yi (Preciozzi et al., 1979). From geochronological studies U / Pb, Rb / Sr, K / Ar and Sm / Nd recent, carried out on the rocks Intrusive and Piedra Alta Land gneisses, it has been possible to observe a set of events that They affected the Land

Implementing energy efficiency: Challenges and opportunities for rural electric co-operatives and small municipal utilities

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Wilson, Elizabeth J.; Plummer, Joseph; Fischlein, Miriam; Smith, Timothy M.

2008-01-01

Challenges in implementing demand side management (DSM) programs in rural electric co-operatives and small municipal utilities are not well understood, yet these organizations sell roughly 15% of electricity in the US, many are more coal-intensive than investor-owned utilities (IOUs), and they are politically important-rural electric co-operatives cover about 75% of the US land area and municipal utilities are found in every state except Hawaii. We provide a background on rural co-operatives and municipal utilities in the context of the US electric sector and highlight the challenges and opportunities of implementing DSM programs in these institutions. Where past studies of utility DSM have mostly focused on IOUs or consisted of qualitative case studies of municipal utilities with exemplary DSM performance, this study makes a unique contribution to the DSM literature by systematically analyzing an entire co-operative and municipal utility population in Minnesota through the use of a survey. In doing so, we provide policy recommendations relevant to energy planners and policy makers to support DSM in rural electric co-operatives and municipal utilities

Characterization of high-energy milled alumina powders Caracterização de pós de alumina submetidos a moagem de alta energia

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Roberto Tomasi

1998-10-01

Full Text Available The utilization of reactive high-energy milling has been reported for the synthesis of ceramic powders namely, metal oxides, carbides, borides, nitrides or mixtures of ceramics or ceramic and metal compounds. In this work, high-energy milling was used for reduction of alumina powders to nanometric particle size. The ceramic characteristics of the powders were analyzed in terms of the behavior during deagglomeration, compaction curves, sintering and microstructure characterization. It was observed that the high energy milling has strong effect in producing agglomeration of the nanosized powders. This effect is explained by the high-energy impact of the balls, which may fracture particles or just cause the particles compacting. In this case, strong agglomerates are produced. As the powder surface area increases, stronger agglomerates are produced.Tem sido amplamente divulgada a utilização da moagem reativa de alta energia para a síntese de pós cerâmicos de óxidos de metais, carbetos, boretos, nitretos ou misturas de compostos cerâmicos ou compostos cerâmicos e metálicos. Neste trabalho, a moagem de alta energia (não reativa foi utilizada para a redução de pós de alumina para partículas de dimensões nanométricas. As características cerâmicas dos pós obtidos foram analisadas a partir de resultados de comportamento durante a desaglomeração, curvas de densificação, sinterização e caracterização de microestrutura. Observou-se que a moagem de alta energia tem forte efeito de aglomeração dos pós com partículas em dimensões nanométricas. Esse efeito é explicado pelo impacto de alta energia das bolas, os quais podem fraturar as partículas ou apenas causar a compactação das mesmas. Nesse último caso, que sempre ocorre, são formados aglomerados de alta resistência. O aumento da área superficial do pó produz aglomerados mais resistentes.

40 CFR 62.15265 - How do I monitor the load of my municipal waste combustion unit?

Science.gov (United States)

2010-07-01

... continuously estimate load level (for example, the feed rate of municipal solid waste or refuse-derived fuel... municipal waste combustion unit? 62.15265 Section 62.15265 Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL... DESIGNATED FACILITIES AND POLLUTANTS Federal Plan Requirements for Small Municipal Waste Combustion Units...

MUNICIPAL FOREST MANAGEMENT IN LATIN AMERICA

International Development Research Centre (IDRC) Digital Library (Canada)

National Library of Indonesia Cataloging – in-Publication Data: ..... with both the threat of specific population sectors or elites monopolizing local power and the .... These units have been quite active in delimiting municipal forest areas; many .... in the health and education sectors than those in other Latin American countries.

Municipal Solid Waste Resources

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

None

2016-06-01

Municipal solid waste (MSW) is a source of biomass material that can be utilized for bioenergy production with minimal additional inputs. MSW resources include mixed commercial and residential garbage such as yard trimmings, paper and paperboard, plastics, rubber, leather, textiles, and food wastes. Waste resources such as landfill gas, mill residues, and waste grease are already being utilized for cost-effective renewable energy generation. MSW for bioenergy also represents an opportunity to divert greater volumes of residential and commercial waste from landfills.

Municipal tobacco control in the Capital Region of Denmark can be improved

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Pisinger, Charlotta; Robinson, Kirstine Magtengaard; Jørgensen, Torben

2013-01-01

Smoking remains the single preventable factor with the highest impact on morbidity and mortality in Denmark. The aims of this study were to assess the quality of municipal tobacco control (TC) in the 29 municipalities of the Capital Region of Denmark, and to compare the quality of the TC...

The effects of land use change on mercury distribution in soils of Alta Floresta, Southern Amazon

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Lacerda, Luiz D.; Souza, Margareth de; Ribeiro, Mario G.

2004-01-01

This study presents the spatial distribution, degree of contamination and storage capacity of Hg in surface forest and pasture soils from Alta Floresta, Southern Amazon, a significant gold mining site from 1980 to 1996. During that period, average annual gold production was about 6.5 tons, with an estimated Hg annual emission to the environment of about 8.8 tons, 60-80% of it being emitted to the atmosphere. Mercury sources to the region are mining sites and gold-dealer shops at the city of Alta Floresta, where gold is smelted and commercialized. Mercury concentrations in forest soils (15-248 ng g -1 , average=61.9 ng g -1 ) were 1.5-3.0 times higher than in pasture soils (10-74 ng g -1 , average=33.8 ng g -1 ), suggesting strong re-mobilization after deforestation. Highest Hg concentrations were found within a distance of 20-30 km from mining sites in both soil types. The influence of the refining operations within the city of Alta Floresta, however, was less clear. Somewhat higher concentrations were observed only within a 5 km radius from the city center where gold-dealer shops are located. Wind direction controls the spatial distribution of Hg. Background concentrations (15-50 ng g -1 ) were generally found at the outer perimeter of the sampling grid, about 40 km from sources. This suggests that Hg released from mining and refining activities undergoes rapid deposition. Estimated cumulative Hg burdens for the first 10 cm of soil averaged 8.3 mg m -2 and 4.9 mg m -2 , for forest and pasture soils respectively and compare well with ultisols and hydromorphic oxisols, but were lower than those found in yellow-red and yellow latosols and podsols from other Amazonian areas. Our results show that changing land use in the Amazon is a strong re-mobilizing agent of Hg deposited on soils from the atmosphere. - Land use change is a strong re-mobilizing agent of Hg distribution in Amazon soils

Medicine management in municipal home care : delegating, administrating and receiving

OpenAIRE

Gransjön Craftman, Åsa

2015-01-01

The general aim of this thesis was to investigate how delegation of medication is handled in municipal home care. Specific aims were to 1) explore the prevalence of medication use in older adults over time; 2) describe district nurses’ experiences of the delegation of medication management to municipal home care personnel; 3) explore and describe how home care assistants experience receiving the actual delegation of the responsibility of medication administration; and 4) to describe how older...

Trans-Americas leads the way into municipal textile recycling

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Ridgley, H.

1998-08-01

Most textile waste in the US still goes to the landfill--an estimated 6.6 million tons each year. But thanks to the efforts of textile recycles--such as Trans-Americas Textile Recycling CO. (Brooklyn, NY)--another 1.25 million tons gets salvaged for reuse overseas or as a feedstock for the wiping and fiber industries, according to the Council for Textile Recycling. In an era where global population levels are increasing the demand for textile waste from the Western world and municipalities are struggling to reach their waste diversion goals, boosting textile recovery rates makes sense. And it`s a waste that can be easily incorporated into existing municipal curbside or drop-off recycling programs. Since 1942, when the company first opened its doors in Brooklyn, NY, it purchased textile discards from charities. While those discards still make up the majority of Trans-Americas` supply, in the last two years, the company also began purchasing post-consumer material from municipalities. Textiles are definitely going to be an increasingly important part of recycling, as states look to meet their mandates.

School in the border municipalities of Eastern Serbia

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Trifunović Vesna S.

2016-01-01

Full Text Available Border municipalities in eastern Serbia have peripheral position in relation to the central state territory: geographical distance from the administrative, political, economic and cultural center shaping their overall social development, which is generally far behind the devel­opment of other parts of Serbia. At various stages of transition, starting from the nineties to the present, the border municipalities were, it seems, more exposed to the negative effects of the neoliberal development strategy: there was a change of ownership of industry, as well as a deindustrialization, which led to significant reduction of the workforce. The devastation of the economies in these areas has intensified negative demographic processes in the border municipalities of Eastern Serbia with the onset of the economic crisis in the eighties and the subsequent processes there caused: (a depopulation (population between census periods from 1991 to 2011 fell by more than 20% of the territory of Bor district, (b reduction in the birth rate, which for decades was showing negative trends (eg. natural growth rate in the Negotin krajina, according to the Census of 2011, amounts to -6.7 % annually (v migration of the young, working population (Census 2011 shows that nearly one-quarter of the economically active population of the Bor district 'work abroad', ie. employment is found in western European countries, they educate their own children there and, apparently, do not intend to return to the place of birth. The devastation of the economy leads to a legitimate social devastation and collapse of culture (Mitrović, 2009 and education. The main parameter to be monitored in the new neoliberal strategies of development is economic growth, which points to the direction of changes in macroeconomic processes, but not to the improvement of the quality of life of people who participate in these processes. The achieved rate of economic growth does not automatically provide

Barriers to Effective Municipal Solid Waste Management in a Rapidly Urbanizing Area in Thailand.

Science.gov (United States)

Yukalang, Nachalida; Clarke, Beverley; Ross, Kirstin

2017-09-04

This study focused on determining the barriers to effective municipal solid waste management (MSWM) in a rapidly urbanizing area in Thailand. The Tha Khon Yang Subdistrict Municipality is a representative example of many local governments in Thailand that have been facing MSWM issues. In-depth interviews with individuals and focus groups were conducted with key informants including the municipality staff, residents, and external organizations. The major influences affecting waste management were categorized into six areas: social-cultural, technical, financial, organizational, and legal-political barriers and population growth. SWOT analysis shows both internal and external factors are playing a role in MSWM: There is good policy and a reasonably sufficient budget. However, there is insufficient infrastructure, weak strategic planning, registration, staff capacity, information systems, engagement with programs; and unorganized waste management and fee collection systems. The location of flood prone areas has impacted on location and operation of landfill sites. There is also poor communication between the municipality and residents and a lack of participation in waste separation programs. However, external support from government and the nearby university could provide opportunities to improve the situation. These findings will help inform municipal decision makers, leading to better municipal solid waste management in newly urbanized areas.

Barriers to Effective Municipal Solid Waste Management in a Rapidly Urbanizing Area in Thailand

Science.gov (United States)

Yukalang, Nachalida; Clarke, Beverley

2017-01-01

This study focused on determining the barriers to effective municipal solid waste management (MSWM) in a rapidly urbanizing area in Thailand. The Tha Khon Yang Subdistrict Municipality is a representative example of many local governments in Thailand that have been facing MSWM issues. In-depth interviews with individuals and focus groups were conducted with key informants including the municipality staff, residents, and external organizations. The major influences affecting waste management were categorized into six areas: social-cultural, technical, financial, organizational, and legal-political barriers and population growth. SWOT analysis shows both internal and external factors are playing a role in MSWM: There is good policy and a reasonably sufficient budget. However, there is insufficient infrastructure, weak strategic planning, registration, staff capacity, information systems, engagement with programs; and unorganized waste management and fee collection systems. The location of flood prone areas has impacted on location and operation of landfill sites. There is also poor communication between the municipality and residents and a lack of participation in waste separation programs. However, external support from government and the nearby university could provide opportunities to improve the situation. These findings will help inform municipal decision makers, leading to better municipal solid waste management in newly urbanized areas. PMID:28869572

Barriers to Effective Municipal Solid Waste Management in a Rapidly Urbanizing Area in Thailand

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Nachalida Yukalang

2017-09-01

Full Text Available This study focused on determining the barriers to effective municipal solid waste management (MSWM in a rapidly urbanizing area in Thailand. The Tha Khon Yang Subdistrict Municipality is a representative example of many local governments in Thailand that have been facing MSWM issues. In-depth interviews with individuals and focus groups were conducted with key informants including the municipality staff, residents, and external organizations. The major influences affecting waste management were categorized into six areas: social-cultural, technical, financial, organizational, and legal-political barriers and population growth. SWOT analysis shows both internal and external factors are playing a role in MSWM: There is good policy and a reasonably sufficient budget. However, there is insufficient infrastructure, weak strategic planning, registration, staff capacity, information systems, engagement with programs; and unorganized waste management and fee collection systems. The location of flood prone areas has impacted on location and operation of landfill sites. There is also poor communication between the municipality and residents and a lack of participation in waste separation programs. However, external support from government and the nearby university could provide opportunities to improve the situation. These findings will help inform municipal decision makers, leading to better municipal solid waste management in newly urbanized areas.

Classification of sources of municipal solid wastes in developing countries

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Buenrostro, O. [Instituto de Investigaciones sobre los Recursos Naturales, Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolas de Hidalgo, Apartado Postal 2-105, 58400, Michoacan, Morelia (Mexico); Bocco, G. [Departamento de Ecologia de los Recursos Naturales, Instituto de Ecologia, Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico, Campus Morelia, Apartado Postal 27-3 Xangari, 58089, Michoacan, Morelia (Mexico); Cram, S. [Departamento de Geografia Fisica, Instituto de Geografia, Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico, Circuito Exterior, C.P. 04510 Ciudad Universitaria, Mexico City (Mexico)

2001-05-01

The existence of different classifications of municipal solid waste (MSW) creates confusion and makes it difficult to interpret and compare the results of generation analyses. In this paper, MSW is conceptualized as the solid waste generated within the territorial limits of a municipality, independently of its source of generation. Grounded on this assumption, and based on the economic activity that generates a solid waste with determinate physical and chemical characteristics, a hierarchical source classification of MSW is suggested. Thus, a connection between the source and the type of waste is established. The classification categorizes the sources into three divisions and seven classes of sources: residential, commercial, institutional, construction/demolition, agricultural-animal husbandry, industrial, and special. When applied at different geographical scales, this classification enables the assessment of the volume of MSW generated, and provides an overview of the types of residues expected to be generated in a municipality, region or state.

40 CFR 60.1810 - How do I monitor the load of my municipal waste combustion unit?

Science.gov (United States)

2010-07-01

... municipal waste combustion unit? 60.1810 Section 60.1810 Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION... Guidelines and Compliance Times for Small Municipal Waste Combustion Units Constructed on or Before August 30... combustion unit? (a) If your municipal waste combustion unit generates steam, you must install, calibrate...

Alterações oxidativas (cor e lipídios) em presunto de peru tratado por Alta Pressão Hidrostática (APH)

OpenAIRE

Mathias,Simone Pereira; Rosenthal,Amauri; Gaspar,Arlene; Deliza,Rosires; Slongo,Adriana Paula; Vicente,Juarez; Masson,Lourdes Maria; Barbosa,Celso

2010-01-01

A Alta Pressão Hidrostática (APH) consiste em uma tecnologia inovadora de processamento de alimentos com utilização de pressões elevadas (100 a 900 MPa) que possui vantagens em relação às tecnologias térmicas convencionais, pois mantém as características sensoriais do alimento próximas do original e garante segurança do ponto de vista microbiológico, por prolongado período de vida útil. No presente estudo, foi avaliada a aplicação de alta pressão a presunto de peru nos processos oxidativos, e...

GESTIÓN FINANCIERA Y LEGITIMIDAD MUNICIPAL [doi: 10.5329/RECADM.20040302005

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Edmundo Hernández Claro

2004-11-01

Full Text Available Normal 0 21 false false false PT-BR X-NONE X-NONE MicrosoftInternetExplorer4 RESUMEN A partir de los abusos que las autoridades municipales han hecho de los recursos públicos a su disposición, especialmente en el rubro de remuneraciones y compensaciones, el artículo sugiere que los gobiernos municipales enfrentan um deterioro en sus niveles de legitimidad. Destacando que el caso afecta en mayor medida a los municipios metropolitanos. Se sugiere trabajar tanto en mejores medidas de fiscalización, como en los ajustes institucionales que requieren las grandes concentraciones urbanas. Palavras chave: Eficacia, eficiencia, gasto público, gestión, inversión municipal, legitimidad, impuesto predial, nómina, recaudación, remuneraciones, sistemas complejos     ABSTRACT Since of the excess by the municipal authorities about the use of public resources, in reference to the remunerations, the article suggest that municipal government are facing a crisis in its levels of legitimacy. I suggest work in the improvement of the actions of supervision, and instutional adjusts, mainly for big urban concentrations. Key words: Efficiency, efficacy, complex system, public expenditure, management, municipal investment, legitimacy, payroll, tax

78 FR 11672 - Notice of Availability of the Final Environmental Impact Statement for the Alta East Wind Project...

Science.gov (United States)

2013-02-19

... DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR Bureau of Land Management [CACA-052537, LLCAD05000, L51010000.LVRWB11B4520.FX0000] Notice of Availability of the Final Environmental Impact Statement for the Alta East Wind Project, Kern County, CA, and Proposed Land Use Plan Amendment AGENCY: Bureau of Land Management, Interior...

Municipal Communication Strategies and Ethnic Media: A Settlement Service in Disguise

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

April Lindgren

2015-12-01

Full Text Available The Canadian Federation of Municipalities has declared cities as the “unofficial welcome wagon” for new Canadians. Research suggests, however, that they embrace settlement and integration policies to varying degrees. While scholarly examinations of municipal policies include analyses of corporate communications strategies, efforts by city governments to reach residents through ethnocultural news media have received little attention. To address that gap, this study investigates why the suburban community of Brampton, Canada adopted one of the most proactive ethnic media strategies in the country in 2015 when, just a decade earlier, it was for the most part unresponsive to the needs of its burgeoning immigrant population. As a starting point, the case study uses the determinants of municipal responsiveness identified by Kristin R. Good (2009 in Municipalities and Multiculturalism: The Politics of Immigration in Toronto and Vancouver. Employing a mixed methods approach, it concludes that rapid demographic change, the emergence of an activist political leadership, and efforts to reduce friction between newcomers and other residents influenced Brampton’s communications policy over time. The case study identifies challenges associated with adopting an ethnic media strategy, including issues related to translation and the relative lack of sophistication of some ethnic media outlets. Furthermore, it demonstrates that reaching out to ethnocultural communities via ethnic media requires more than just distributing news releases in English. Translation of these releases has the potential to increase municipal news coverage in ethnic media, the paper suggests, if only because it makes it easier for smaller news organizations to report on such matters.

Resultados del tratamiento de la hemorragia digestiva alta por varices esofagogástricas

OpenAIRE

Ruiz Luna, David; Farran, L.; Ramos, E.; Biondo, Sebastián; Moreno Llorente, Pablo; Bettónica, C.; Jorba, R.; Borobia, F. G.; Jaurrieta Mas, Eduardo

2001-01-01

Introducción: el tratamiento de la hemorragia digestiva alta por rotura de varices esofágicas y/o gástricas en pacientes con cirrosis hepática debe estar dirigido al control inicial de la hemorragia sin alterar más una función hepática ya deteriorada , y a la prevención de la recidiva hemorrágica precoz. Métodos endoscópicos, farmacológicos y quirúrgicos forman el conjunto de alternativas terapéuticas. Material y métodos: estudio prospectivo de los resultados obtenidos tras el seguimiento de...

40 CFR 60.1320 - How do I monitor the load of my municipal waste combustion unit?

Science.gov (United States)

2010-07-01

... municipal waste combustion unit? 60.1320 Section 60.1320 Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION... of Performance for Small Municipal Waste Combustion Units for Which Construction is Commenced After... Monitoring Requirements § 60.1320 How do I monitor the load of my municipal waste combustion unit? (a) If...

Municipal Solid Waste: Pre-Treatment Options and Benefits on Landfill Emissions

OpenAIRE

Bakare Babatunde Femi

2011-01-01

Municipal solid waste (MSW) comprises of a wide range of heterogeneous materials generated by individual, household or organization and may include food waste, garden wastes, papers, textiles, rubbers, plastics, glass, ceramics, metals, wood wastes, construction wastes but it is not limited to the above mentioned fractions. The most common Municipal Solid Waste pretreatment method in use is thermal pretreatment (incineration) and Mechanical Biological pretreatment. This p...

SAFE DISPOSAL OF MUNICIPAL WASTES IN NIGERIA ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

affairs in the management of municipal solid waste in most parts of Nigeria. ... 1 John G. Rau and David Wooten (eds), Environmental Impact Analysis Handbook (Mc- ..... Up to date efficient “cleaner production technologies” are expected to be.

Intersectoriality in Danish municipalities

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Heering Holt, Ditte; Frohlich, Katherine L; Tjørnhøj-Thomsen, Tine

2017-01-01

healthier practices into various settings, e.g. creating healthy school environments for increased physical activity and healthy eating. While other more overarching interventions on the health impacts of broader welfare policies (e.g. education policy) tend to be neglected. The interventions hereby neglect...... the intersectoral policy process legitimates certain practices in the setting of Danish municipal health promotion and the potential impact this can have for long-term, sustainable healthy public policy. Based on ethnographic fieldwork, we show how the intention of intersectoriality produces a strong concern...

The effects of Smoke Free Work Hours in Danish municipalities

OpenAIRE

Tina Termansen; Simon Rask

2017-01-01

Since 2011, 15 Danish municipalities have implemented smoke free work hours, meaning that an employee working for the municipality may not smoke in his or her work time (about 7,5 hours a day). This is a much stricter prevention method, than former strategies preventing smoking mostly at locations and not during working hours. Research concerning the effects of smoke free work hours is non-existing. We therefore wish to look into the specific outcomes of smoke free work hours related to smoki...

Public Management in a Real Estate Area – Some Empirical Evidence from Polish Municipalities

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Marona Bartłomiej

2016-12-01

Full Text Available The main goal of this paper is to present the role of individual concepts of public management in the process of real estate management in Polish municipalities. Special attention was given to New Public Management (NPM as well as Good Governance (GG. The paper, apart from a review of literature and its critique, is based on the results of a survey conducted among municipalities belonging to the Kraków Metropolitan Area. This study demonstrates that both the NPM and the GG concepts do not constitute a benchmark model in the practice of municipal real estate management in Poland. The concepts are treated more as a set of tools from which the majority of municipalities choose only some, selected instruments.

Industry and agriculture: Elements of the economic profile of Kladovo municipality

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Miletić Radmila

2006-01-01

Full Text Available On the basis of spatial differentiation of the natural and socio-economic factors of development, we have seen the structural characteristics of the local industry and local agriculture, as two elements of the economy of Kladovo municipality, and the importance and role of these two elements in the spatial structure of the municipality. Particular attention was devoted in the course of this research, to the possibilities of intensifying the development of the less developed parts of the area. Activation of developmental potentials is directed towards a demographic revitalization and towards the establishment of a stable and progressive social-economic-ecological area, with an identity recognizable in the region. In that sense, we examine the inter-dependence of potentials limitations and risks for a more rapid future development of the municipality of Kladovo.

Implementation of municipal health promoting projects in primary schools: teachers perspective

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Nordin, Lone Lindegard

2013-01-01

. The project is funded by the Danish Ministry of Science, University of Aarhus and Silkeborg municipality, and involves 5 primary schools, 23 teachers and 233 pupils from 7th to 9 class. The project is positioned within the critical approach to school health education and health promotion, developed......Implementation of municipally health promoting projects' in primary schools: teachers perspective Research question This paper discusses the findings from a qualitative research, that aimed to investigate how teachers in primary schools implemented municipal health promoting projects focusing...... that there is a “gap” between policy and practice according to aim, content and methods, and that teachers practice can be explained as coping mechanism. The key findings include: • Teachers practice is closer to traditional health education than critical health education. • Teachers priorities the mandatory teaching...

Altas Habilidades/Superdotação e a psicopedagogia modular: avaliando potencialidades

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Elizabeth Carvalho da Veiga

2014-09-01

Full Text Available http://dx.doi.org/10.5902/1984686X14283A psicopedagogia modular é uma proposta que apresenta um modelo de avaliação  dinâmica, um processo interativo, flexível e individualizado, buscando compreender a funcionalidade dos sistemas inteligentes. A presente investigação foi realizada com crianças que buscaram avaliação psicopedagógica no Núcleo de Pratica em Psicologia da PUCPR  e teve por objetivos apontar a funcionalidade dos sistemas inteligentes, reconhecendo a existência ou não , de altas habilidades e identificar a predominância  entre os sistemas analítico , prático ou criativo , utilizados pela clientela  em questão. A metodologia de avaliação  contou com os seguintes instrumentos : entrevista evolutiva modular; questionário para os pais; brasão familiar; E.M.C.A ; WISC III;  provas multimodais e provas cognitivas modulares. Este processo levou aproximadamente 25 encontros de  cinquenta minutos .Participaram da pesquisa 28 alunos de 8 a 17 anos  de diferentes escolas de Curitiba-Pr/ Brasil. Por meio dos dados obtidos, ainda que apurados a partir de uma amostra pequena, pode-se concluir que a proposta da Psicopedagogia Modular  com seu  modelo dinâmico de avaliação, favoreceu a identificação das altas habilidades/superdotação, na sua especificidade, ou seja ,  considerando  a multiplicidade dos sistemas inteligentes  e as habilidades envolvidas nos processos mentais que sustentam  as inteligências analítica, prática e criativa. A visão modular no processo de identificação traz uma identidade ao superdotado, tirando-o  da concepção generalista.

40 CFR 40.115-4 - Municipality.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-07-01

... 208 of the act. (b) Under the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act, a city, town, borough, county... subdivision thereof. (c) In all other cases, a city, town, borough, county, parish, district, or other public... DEMONSTRATION GRANTS § 40.115-4 Municipality. (a) Under the Federal Water Pollution Control Act, a city, town...

THE CONCEPT AND SCOPE OF MUNICIPAL GOVERNANCE ENTITIES’ COMPETENCE IN RUSSIAN FEDERATION AND CANADA

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Alexander Larichev

2017-01-01

Full Text Available УДК 342.25The purpose of this article is to study the concept and the content of "competence" cate-gory in relation to the entities of municipal governance in Russia and Canada. The methods of theoretical analysis, along with legal methods, including formal-legal and comparative law methods are used to achieve this goal.In the article, the author notes the lack of consensus in legal science in determining the con-tent of "competence" category and its subjective identity. Some authors consider the compe-tence as a set of rights and obligations of public authorities (Yu.A. Tikhomirov, S.A. Avakyan, while others recognize the correct use of the word "competence" in relation to the public territorial collectives and institutions of public power in general (T.M. Byalkina et al..The Russian legal model for determining the competence of municipal governance entities also implies the distinction between the concepts of "local issues" and "powers." Unfortu-nately, the domestic legislator does not provide for the clear distinction of these concepts, and there is also a lack of content specification of the issues to be addressed at the local level. Recent changes in law also call into question the relation between the municipalities’ competency model and the constitutional autonomy of local government.At the base of the approach to the definition of the competence of municipal government entities in Canada, as well as within the Anglo-Saxon model in general, lies the need for decentralization of functions, which cannot be effectively carried out by the central author-ities or the private sector (A. Sancton. The competence carrier here is a municipality as a form of public corporation. This does not lead to contradiction between this carrier and other municipal governance entities (specifically, local authorities, as the latter carry out activities for the competence implementation on behalf of the corporation.The approach to the municipality as a

Diseño de un amplificador operacional CMOS de amplio ancho de banda y alta ganancia para aplicaciones de alta velocidad

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

José Simancas García

2013-01-01

Full Text Available Se diseña un amplificador operacional de topología estándar CMOS con proceso tecnológico de 0,12 um, de gran ancho de banda (97 MHz y alta ganancia (136 dB, para ser utilizados en la elaboración de filtros activos integrados. Para tal fin se realiza inicialmente un estudio teórico de los diferentes conceptos relacionados con el funcionamiento de los amplificadores operacionales, según se presenta en la literatura para la tecnología CMOS. Posteriormente se establecen las especificaciones de un amplificador para una aplicación en filtros activos y se diseña aquel. Luego se muestra el correcto funcionamiento del circuito diseñado a través de simulaciones en el software de aplicación Multisim® de NI, y se verifica si se cumplen las especificaciones evaluadas de ancho de banda y ganancia. Por último, se presenta un cuadro comparativo que permite contrastar los resultados obtenidos en este trabajo con los exhibidos por un diseño académico y un amplificador operacional comercial.

Institutional paradoxes of informatization of state and municipal governance in modern Russia

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Nikolay Vasilyevich Lukashov

2015-06-01

Full Text Available Objective to show that the informatization of state and municipal governance in modern Russia should be aimed directly at reducing costs and improving productivity of the state and municipal authorities and not at the achievement of indirect performance indicators like ldquothe proportion of documents in digital formquot. Methods the method of analysis of the research object condition at various stages of its development the synthesis of cognition elements followed by synthesis and transition from the singular to the general. General scientific specific and private scientific research methods were used. Results basing on the analysis of informatization of state and municipal management it is shown that the main reason for its low efficiency is the current evaluation system based on indirect indicators. Scientific novelty the efficiency and effectiveness of informatization of state and municipal management are considered from the point of view of consistency and optimal allocation of resources. The scientific justification of performance indicators of informatization in the sphere of state and municipal management is proposed which is characterized by the blurring of the quality criteria difficult to express in monetary terms. Examples of such criteria are cost of rendering of state municipal services physical geographical by mode of operation by convenience accessibility of services time of waiting in queue and length of obtaining the service by a citizen regardless of in which form traditional or digital it is rendered. Practical value the article considers the problems of selecting the efficiency criteria of social control informatization. Specific measures are proposed aimed at improving the efficiency of informatization including in the framework of realization of the Federal program of the Russian Federation quotInformational societyquot for 20122020. nbsp

Maximizing your ability to compete as a municipal electrical utility

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

MacOdrum, B.

1996-01-01

The implications of the MacDonald Committee's recommendations on introducing competition to Ontario's electricity industry were reviewed from the point of view of Toronto Hydro, the largest municipal utility and Ontario Hydro's largest customer. Issues examined included (1) the consequences of unbundling Ontario Hydro's generating, transmission and distribution functions, (2) the structural change option of phasing-in competition among Ontario Hydro and municipal and other private generators, (3) enhancing the efficiency of the distribution sector, and (4) the relative benefits and consequences of private equity as a means of enhancing competition through the sale of Ontario Hydro's generating assets, or the sale of non-essential business operations. Recommendations to the Committee included the need for the transmission grid to remain under public control, for electricity pricing to take into account the variable environmental impact of different generating types, and the need for transferring regulatory authority over municipal electric utilities from Ontario Hydro to the Ontario Energy Board

A lean six sigma approach to improve municipal service processes

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Engelbert Zefaj

2017-03-01

Full Text Available This research aims to identify the current state of process management for municipal subsidies and is proposing to improve the process by reducing motion, deadlines and excessive actions and to eliminate duplication of processes and overproduction. Time spent and process effi ciency is the subject tackled in this research. Several areas of action that affect the overall process as departments, regulations, time, experts, movements, materials and procedures have been explored. Lean six sigma/DMAIC model is used as an adequate mechanism for the implementation of this project which aims to improve the quality of service. The result of the research is not limited to only one specific process, the applied model in this study can be used to improve many processes in municipalities. Currently, in order to receive a fi nal response from municipal authorities for subsidies allocation, 41hr of process time, 160 hr of calendar time and 232 hr of wait time are needed. The process effi ciency is only 10%.