MITOMICINA C: UNA NUEVA ALTERNATIVA PARA LA ESTENOSIS DE CUELLO VESICAL

OpenAIRE

Olmedo, Tomas; Hidalgo, Juan; Reyes, Diego; Marchant, Fernando; Ledezma, Rodrigo; Aliaga, Alfredo; Fleck, Daniela; Castro, Iñaki; Barahona, Jaime; Abad, Jaime

2017-01-01

RESUMENIntroducción: La mitomicina C es un agente quimioterapéutico en virtud a su actividad antiproliferativa y antibiótica. Se evalúa el resultado de la cervicotomía radial endoscópica combinada con la inyección intralesional de mitomicina C para el tratamiento de las estenosis severas de cuello vesical luego del fracaso del tratamiento tradicional.Materiales y método: Revisión retrospectiva de los pacientes con estenosis severa de cuello vesical intervenidos entre julio de 2013 y agosto de...

Vesical Calculus 10 Years Post Missing Intrauterine Contraceptive ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

Vesical Calculus 10 Years Post Missing Intrauterine. Contraceptive Device. Abdullahi Abdulwahab-Ahmed, Oluwagbemiga Olabisi Ogunleye. INTRODUCTION. Intrauterine contraceptive devices (IUCD) are acceptable means of contraception world over.[1-4] There have been reports of its migration to other adjourning sites ...

Laparoscopic conservative treatment of colo-vesical fistula: a new surgical approach

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Cochetti Giovanni

2013-09-01

Full Text Available Introduction The standard treatment of colo-vesical fistula is the exeresis of fistula, suture of bladder wall, colic resection with or without temporary colostomy. Usually the approach is open because conversion rates and morbidity are lower than laparoscopy. The aim of video is to show the steps of a new mini-invasive approach of colo-vesical fistula without colic resection. Materials and Methods A 69 years old male underwent laparoscopic conservative treatment of colo-vesical fistula due to endoscopic polipectomy in sigmoid diverticulum. 12 mm trocar for the camera was placed at the umbilicus, two 10 mm trocars were placed along bisiliac line and 5 mm port was placed along left emiclavear line; Trendelenburg position was 20°. The fistulous loop was carefully isolated, clipped with Hem-o-lock® clips and removed. Since diverticular disease appeared slight and no inflammation signs were evident, colon resection was not performed. We sutured and sinked the sigmoid wall; after curettage of the fistula site, the bladder wall was sutured. Fat tissue was placed between sigmoid and bladder wall to reduce the risk of fistula recurrence. Results Operative time, estimated blood loss, catheterization time, time to flatus and hospital stay were respectively 210 minutes, 300 mL, 10 days, 48 h and 8 days. The histological examination showed colonic inflammatory and necrotic tissue. No complications or fistula recurrence occurred at 54 months follow-up. Conclusions The laparoscopic conservative treatment of colo-vesical fistula is a safe and feasible technique, in particular when the diverticular disease is limited and the fistula is not due to diverticulitis.

Peri-Vesical Fat Interposition Flap Reinforcement in High Vesico ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

Journal of Surgical Technique and Case Report | Jul-Dec 2010 | Vol-2 | Issue-2. 67. Peri-Vesical ... a result of total abdominal hysterectomy carried out for dysfunctional ... Both the cases could be done under spinal anesthesia. On exploration ...

Uso da cultura de mucosa escamosa humana no tratamento de lesões jugais pré-cancerosas extensas

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Lucas Nardelli Monteiro de Castro

Full Text Available OBJETIVO: Os autores propõem uma nova abordagem no tratamento de lesões extensas de natureza pré-cancerosa da mucosa jugal, utilizando enxerto de mucosa escamosa autógena cultivada em laboratório. MÉTODO: O enxerto é aplicado no mesmo tempo cirúrgico da ressecção da lesão original. Foram operados cinco pacientes, os quais receberam acompanhamento pós-operatório, sendo submetidos à biopsia de controle no 90º dia. A avaliação da integração do enxerto com o leito receptor foi realizada utilizando-se critérios clínicos e morfológicos, incluindo microscopia óptica e eletrônica. RESULTADOS: O estudo anatomopatológico com microscopia óptica e eletrônica dos cinco pacientes mostrou haver integração do enxerto da mucosa cultivada com o leito receptor. As células da mucosa cultivada formam camadas que se organizam e se diferenciam à semelhança da zona doadora. À microscopia eletrônica a mucosa enxertada apresentava lâmina basal com descontinuidades focais, presença de hemidesmosomas e fibrilas de ancoragem. CONCLUSÕES: Os resultados demonstraram que a técnica é oportuna e viável para o tratamento de lesões pré-cancerosas, outrora consideradas irressecáveis pela extensão e pode ser considerada uma possibilidade real para o tratamento cirúrgico definitivo das mesmas.

A técnica limpa do autocateterismo vesical intermitente: descrição do procedimento realizado pelos pacientes com lesão medular La tecnica limpia del autocateterismo vesical intermitente: descripción del preocdimento realizado por los pacientes com lesion medular The clean techinique of vesical autocatheterism inttermitent: description of the procedure accomphished by the pacient with medullar injury

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Mitiko Moroóka

2002-12-01

Full Text Available Neste trabalho, as autoras descrevem a seqüência da técnica e os materiais utilizados na realização do autocateterismo vesical intermitente - técnica limpa. As informações foram obtidas junto aos pacientes que realizam este procedimento e que foram orientados no Serviço de Atendimento Interdisciplinar ao paciente com lesão medular traumática. Pretendemos, através da divulgação dos resultados, contribuir para a ampliação do conhecimento sobre o autocateterismo vesical e subsidiar a prática aos pacientes iniciantes neste processo terapêutico.En este trabajo, las autoras describen la secuencia de la técnica y los materiales utilizados en la realización del autocateterismo vesical intermitente-ténica limpia. Las informaciones fueron orientadas em el Servicio de Atendimiento Interdisciplinar al paciente con lesión medular traumática. Pretendemos, através de la divulgaciín de los resultados, contribuir para la ampliación del conocimiento sobre el autocateterismo vesical y subvencionar la práctica a los pacientes iniciantes en este procedimento terapéutico, paciente.The present study describes the sequence and its materials used in the vesical autocatheterism intermittent - clean technique. The information were obtained together with the patients, who go through such procedure and were directed to follow the instructions, given by the inter disciplinary Service, attending patients with traumatic medullar injury. The study intends to contribute to increase the knowledge about the vesical autocatheterism and provide to the patients this technique in a therapeutic way.

Studies on vesical schistosomiasis in Abia state Nigeria: Rapid ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

A survey of vesical schistosomiasis in 17 Local government areas of Abia State, South Eastern Nigeria was carried out between March 2001 and August 2002 to determine the disease prevalence both by standard parasitological method and rapid assessment using school children as tracers. A total of 10,180 school ...

Mustard vesicant-induced lung injury: Advances in therapy

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Weinberger, Barry; Malaviya, Rama; Sunil, Vasanthi R.; Venosa, Alessandro; Heck, Diane E.; Laskin, Jeffrey D.; Laskin, Debra L.

2016-01-01

Most mortality and morbidity following exposure to vesicants such as sulfur mustard is due to pulmonary toxicity. Acute injury is characterized by epithelial detachment and necrosis in the pharynx, trachea and bronchioles, while long-term consequences include fibrosis and, in some instances, cancer. Current therapies to treat mustard poisoning are primarily palliative and do not target underlying pathophysiologic mechanisms. New knowledge about vesicant-induced pulmonary disease pathogenesis has led to the identification of potentially efficacious strategies to reduce injury by targeting inflammatory cells and mediators including reactive oxygen and nitrogen species, proteases and proinflammatory/cytotoxic cytokines. Therapeutics under investigation include corticosteroids, N-acetyl cysteine, which has both mucolytic and antioxidant properties, inducible nitric oxide synthase inhibitors, liposomes containing superoxide dismutase, catalase, and/or tocopherols, protease inhibitors, and cytokine antagonists such as anti-tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α antibody and pentoxifylline. Antifibrotic and fibrinolytic treatments may also prove beneficial in ameliorating airway obstruction and lung remodeling. More speculative approaches include inhibitors of transient receptor potential channels, which regulate pulmonary epithelial cell membrane permeability, non-coding RNAs and mesenchymal stem cells. As mustards represent high priority chemical threat agents, identification of effective therapeutics for mitigating toxicity is highly significant.

Mustard vesicant-induced lung injury: Advances in therapy

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Weinberger, Barry, E-mail: bweinberger@northwell.edu [Division of Neonatal and Perinatal Medicine, Hofstra Northwell School of Medicine, Cohen Children' s Medical Center of New York, New Hyde Park, NY 11040 (United States); Malaviya, Rama; Sunil, Vasanthi R.; Venosa, Alessandro [Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ 08854 (United States); Heck, Diane E. [Department of Environmental Health Science, New York Medical College, School of Public Health, Valhalla, NY 10595 (United States); Laskin, Jeffrey D. [Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, School of Public Health, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ 08854 (United States); Laskin, Debra L. [Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ 08854 (United States)

2016-08-15

Most mortality and morbidity following exposure to vesicants such as sulfur mustard is due to pulmonary toxicity. Acute injury is characterized by epithelial detachment and necrosis in the pharynx, trachea and bronchioles, while long-term consequences include fibrosis and, in some instances, cancer. Current therapies to treat mustard poisoning are primarily palliative and do not target underlying pathophysiologic mechanisms. New knowledge about vesicant-induced pulmonary disease pathogenesis has led to the identification of potentially efficacious strategies to reduce injury by targeting inflammatory cells and mediators including reactive oxygen and nitrogen species, proteases and proinflammatory/cytotoxic cytokines. Therapeutics under investigation include corticosteroids, N-acetyl cysteine, which has both mucolytic and antioxidant properties, inducible nitric oxide synthase inhibitors, liposomes containing superoxide dismutase, catalase, and/or tocopherols, protease inhibitors, and cytokine antagonists such as anti-tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α antibody and pentoxifylline. Antifibrotic and fibrinolytic treatments may also prove beneficial in ameliorating airway obstruction and lung remodeling. More speculative approaches include inhibitors of transient receptor potential channels, which regulate pulmonary epithelial cell membrane permeability, non-coding RNAs and mesenchymal stem cells. As mustards represent high priority chemical threat agents, identification of effective therapeutics for mitigating toxicity is highly significant.

Vesical agenesia with opening ureteral in uterus (Type III

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Paula Andrea López-Arias

2010-06-01

Full Text Available It is a patient of 36,4 weeks of pregnancy by scan of the first trimester and 37,4 weeks by capurro, who was identify to have vesical agenesia at the moment of realization the clinical autopsy. An extremely rare malformation, 3.5/10.000 and incompatible with life.

Peri-Vesical Fat Interposition Flap Reinforcement in High Vesico ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

Background and Aim: The urinary bladder becomes small, contracted and is associated with excess pelvic fat in long standing cases of vesico-vaginal fistulas (VVFs). The aim of this new technique was to use this excess pelvic fat for harvesting an interposition flap. Materials and Methods: An interposition flap of peri-vesical ...

Estrategia educativa no ensino de anatomia humana aplicada à enfermagem

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Raissa Cláudia Eufrázio de Oliveira

2018-01-01

Full Text Available Objetivo: avaliar a eficácia de uma estratégia educativa no ensino de anatomia humana aplicada à enfermagem. Metodologia: estudo descritivo, do tipo pré e pós-teste. A amostra foi composta por alunos do primeiro período do curso de enfermagem de uma universidade do nordeste do Brasil, durante o ano de 2014. A estratégia educativa foi composta por aulas expositivas dialogadas, com a utilização de casos clínicos. Resultados: foram abordados os seguintes conteúdos: miologia e aplicações intramusculares; sistema nervoso e reflexos; sistema cardiovascular, punção venosa e pressão arterial; sistema geniturinário, exame ginecológico e sondagem vesical. Verificou-se evolução quantitativa no período pós-teste em todas as aulas da estratégia educativa. Conclusão: a estratégia educativa foi considerada positiva, expressa pelo número de acertos no pós-teste e por associações estatísticas significativas. Destaca-se ainda a contribuição dessa estratégia no processo de formação crítica e reflexiva dos futuros enfermeiros.

Hematuria intermitente: Esquistosomiasis vesical. A propósito de un caso Intermittent hematuria: Vesical schistosomosis. Concerning one case

OpenAIRE

D. Morales; J. Molina; A. Martínez Ortiz; V. Martínez Artola; X. Beristáin

2009-01-01

Presentamos un caso clínico de un paciente con esquistosomiasis vesical que consideramos inusual en nuestro entorno. El cuadro clínico de esta parasitosis es habitualmente el de una hematuria intermitente de semanas de evolución que no se resuelve con las medidas terapéuticas habituales. Debido al aumento de población inmigrante procedente de áreas endémicas, debemos pensar cada vez más en esta patología emergente. Con el tratamiento el proceso se resuelve satisfactoriamente, pudiéndose evita...

Musica Humana og musikterapi

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Schou, Karin

2005-01-01

I pressen har Musica Humanas projekter på flere danske sygehuse jævnligt været omtalt i de seneste to år, særligt i forbindelse med udgivelsen af serien MusiCure’s foreløbig fire Cd’er. Ordet ’musikterapi’ er blevet anvendt til beskrivelse af disse projekters metode. I artiklen redegøres for defi......I pressen har Musica Humanas projekter på flere danske sygehuse jævnligt været omtalt i de seneste to år, særligt i forbindelse med udgivelsen af serien MusiCure’s foreløbig fire Cd’er. Ordet ’musikterapi’ er blevet anvendt til beskrivelse af disse projekters metode. I artiklen redegøres...... for definitioner af relevante niveauer af musikterapi i denne sammenhæng; Musica Humanas formål; MusiCure’s tilblivelse; baggrunden for og relevansen af en musikterapeuts tilstedeværelse i Musica Humana, samt hvilken rolle musikterapeuten kan spille i denne sammenhæng. Medlemmer af Musica Humanas styregruppe...... bidrager med udsagn om deres opfattelse af relevansen af en musikterapeut som ressourceperson i Musica Humana....

Vesical Leiomyoma: Presentation of a clinical case

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Rodriguez Carballo, Michel; Gonzalez Gonzalez, Gonzalo Antonio; Sanchez Falcon Ania

2009-01-01

The vesical leiomyoma is a tumor of mesenchymal origin, and extremely rare. Most of them are diagnosed casually after the pathologic study of samples collected after surgery. Few cases were found in the reviewed literature, leading us to think of the scarce incidence of this kind of tumors. We present a case treated in our service, of an 18-years-old female patient, assisting to our consultation presenting a polaquiuria, ardor and mictional effort. The complementary exams led to the surgical treatment and follow up of the patient

Vesicants and nerve agents in chemical warfare. Decontamination and treatment strategies for a changed world.

Science.gov (United States)

Devereaux, Asha; Amundson, Dennis E; Parrish, J S; Lazarus, Angeline A

2002-10-01

Vesicants and nerve agents have been used in chemical warfare for ages. They remain a threat in today's altered political climate because they are relatively simple to produce, transport, and deploy. Vesicants, such as mustard and lewisite, can affect the skin, eyes, respiratory system, and gastrointestinal system. They leave affected persons at risk for long-term effects. Nerve agents, such as tabun, sarin, soman, and VX, hyperstimulate the muscarinic and nicotinic receptors of the nervous system. Physicians need to familiarize themselves with the clinical findings of such exposures and the decontamination and treatment strategies necessary to minimize injuries and deaths.

Sulfur mustard induces an endoplasmic reticulum stress response in the mouse ear vesicant model

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Chang, Yoke-Chen; Wang, James D. [Rutgers University, Pharmacology and Toxicology, 170 Frelinghuysen Rd, Piscataway, NJ 08854 (United States); Svoboda, Kathy K. [Texas A and M University, Baylor College of Dentistry, Center for Craniofacial Research 3302 Gaston Ave, Dallas, Texas 75246 (United States); Casillas, Robert P. [MRIGlobal, 425 Volker Boulevard, Kansas City, MO 64110 (United States); Laskin, Jeffrey D. [UMDNJ-Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Environmental and Occupational Medicine, 170 Frelinghuysen Rd, Piscataway, NJ 08854 (United States); Gordon, Marion K. [Rutgers University, Pharmacology and Toxicology, 170 Frelinghuysen Rd, Piscataway, NJ 08854 (United States); Gerecke, Donald R., E-mail: gerecke@eohsi.rutgers.edu [Rutgers University, Pharmacology and Toxicology, 170 Frelinghuysen Rd, Piscataway, NJ 08854 (United States)

2013-04-15

The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress response is a cell survival pathway upregulated when cells are under severe stress. Severely damaged mouse ear skin exposed to the vesicant, sulfur mustard (bis-2-chloroethyl sulfide, SM), resulted in increased expression of ER chaperone proteins that accompany misfolded and incorrectly made proteins targeted for degradation. Time course studies with SM using the mouse ear vesicant model (MEVM) showed progressive histopathologic changes including edema, separation of the epidermis from the dermis, persistent inflammation, upregulation of laminin γ2 (one of the chains of laminin-332, a heterotrimeric skin glycoprotein required for wound repair), and delayed wound healing from 24 h to 168 h post exposure. This was associated with time related increased expression of the cell survival ER stress marker, GRP78/BiP, and the ER stress apoptosis marker, GADD153/CHOP, suggesting simultaneous activation of both cell survival and non-mitochondrial apoptosis pathways. Dual immunofluorescence labeling of a keratinocyte migration promoting protein, laminin γ2 and GRP78/BIP, showed colocalization of the two molecules 72 h post exposure indicating that the laminin γ2 was misfolded after SM exposure and trapped within the ER. Taken together, these data show that ER stress is induced in mouse skin within 24 h of vesicant exposure in a defensive response to promote cell survival; however, it appears that this response is rapidly overwhelmed by the apoptotic pathway as a consequence of severe SM-induced injury. - Highlights: ► We demonstrated ER stress response in the mouse ear vesicant model. ► We described the asymmetrical nature of wound repair in the MEVM. ► We identified the distribution of various ER stress markers in the MEVM.

Superior vesical fissure concealed by giant omphalocele: A case report

OpenAIRE

Hayek, Danial; Massanyi, Eric; Mancuso, Melissa; Krepkovich, Katherine; Garrison, Aaron

2016-01-01

Omphalocele is an abdominal wall defect characterized by exteriorization of abdominal viscera that is covered by a membrane. Omphalocele has a well-known association with chromosome abnormalities. Here we present a case of a superior vesical fissure (SVF) initially disguised as a giant omphalocele in a newborn with trisomy 18. We also show unique prenatal imaging and discuss the importance and limitations of prenatal genetic testing.

Silibinin, dexamethasone, and doxycycline as potential therapeutic agents for treating vesicant-inflicted ocular injuries

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Tewari-Singh, Neera; Jain, Anil K.; Inturi, Swetha; Ammar, David A.; Agarwal, Chapla; Tyagi, Puneet; Kompella, Uday B.; Enzenauer, Robert W.; Petrash, J. Mark; Agarwal, Rajesh

2012-01-01

There are no effective and approved therapies against devastating ocular injuries caused by vesicating chemical agents sulfur mustard (SM) and nitrogen mustard (NM). Herein, studies were carried out in rabbit corneal cultures to establish relevant ocular injury biomarkers with NM for screening potential efficacious agents in laboratory settings. NM (100 nmol) exposure of the corneas for 2 h (cultured for 24 h), showed increases in epithelial thickness, ulceration, apoptotic cell death, epithelial detachment microbullae formation, and the levels of VEGF, cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) and matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9). Employing these biomarkers, efficacy studies were performed with agent treatments 2 h and every 4 h thereafter, for 24 h following NM exposure. Three agents were evaluated, including prescription drugs dexamethasone (0.1%; anti-inflammatory steroid) and doxycycline (100 nmol; antibiotic and MMP inhibitor) that have been studied earlier for treating vesicant-induced eye injuries. We also examined silibinin (100 μg), a non-toxic natural flavanone found to be effective in treating SM analog-induced skin injuries in our earlier studies. Treatments of doxycycline + dexamethasone, and silibinin were more effective than doxycycline or dexamethasone alone in reversing NM-induced epithelial thickening, microbullae formation, apoptotic cell death, and MMP-9 elevation. However, dexamethasone and silibinin alone were more effective in reversing NM-induced VEGF levels. Doxycycline, dexamethasone and silibinin were all effective in reversing NM-induced COX-2 levels. Apart from therapeutic efficacy of doxycycline and dexamethasone, these results show strong multifunctional efficacy of silibinin in reversing NM-induced ocular injuries, which could help develop effective and safe therapeutics against ocular injuries by vesicants. -- Highlights: ► Established injury biomarkers in rabbit corneal culture with nitrogen mustard (NM) ► This NM model is a cost effective

Silibinin, dexamethasone, and doxycycline as potential therapeutic agents for treating vesicant-inflicted ocular injuries

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Tewari-Singh, Neera, E-mail: Neera.Tewari-Singh@ucdenver.edu [Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Colorado Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Aurora, CO 80045 (United States); Jain, Anil K., E-mail: Anil.Jain@ucdenver.edu [Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Colorado Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Aurora, CO 80045 (United States); Inturi, Swetha, E-mail: Swetha.Inturi@ucdenver.edu [Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Colorado Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Aurora, CO 80045 (United States); Ammar, David A., E-mail: David.Ammar@ucdenver.edu [Department of Ophthalmology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO 80045 (United States); Agarwal, Chapla, E-mail: Chapla.Agarwal@ucdenver.edu [Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Colorado Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Aurora, CO 80045 (United States); Tyagi, Puneet, E-mail: Puneet.Tyagi@ucdenver.edu [Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Colorado Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Aurora, CO 80045 (United States); Kompella, Uday B., E-mail: Uday.Kompella@ucdenver.edu [Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Colorado Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Aurora, CO 80045 (United States); Enzenauer, Robert W., E-mail: Robert.Enzenauer@ucdenver.edu [Department of Ophthalmology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO 80045 (United States); Petrash, J. Mark, E-mail: Mark.Petrash@ucdenver.edu [Department of Ophthalmology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO 80045 (United States); Agarwal, Rajesh, E-mail: Rajesh.Agarwal@ucdenver.edu [Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Colorado Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Aurora, CO 80045 (United States)

2012-10-01

There are no effective and approved therapies against devastating ocular injuries caused by vesicating chemical agents sulfur mustard (SM) and nitrogen mustard (NM). Herein, studies were carried out in rabbit corneal cultures to establish relevant ocular injury biomarkers with NM for screening potential efficacious agents in laboratory settings. NM (100 nmol) exposure of the corneas for 2 h (cultured for 24 h), showed increases in epithelial thickness, ulceration, apoptotic cell death, epithelial detachment microbullae formation, and the levels of VEGF, cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) and matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9). Employing these biomarkers, efficacy studies were performed with agent treatments 2 h and every 4 h thereafter, for 24 h following NM exposure. Three agents were evaluated, including prescription drugs dexamethasone (0.1%; anti-inflammatory steroid) and doxycycline (100 nmol; antibiotic and MMP inhibitor) that have been studied earlier for treating vesicant-induced eye injuries. We also examined silibinin (100 μg), a non-toxic natural flavanone found to be effective in treating SM analog-induced skin injuries in our earlier studies. Treatments of doxycycline + dexamethasone, and silibinin were more effective than doxycycline or dexamethasone alone in reversing NM-induced epithelial thickening, microbullae formation, apoptotic cell death, and MMP-9 elevation. However, dexamethasone and silibinin alone were more effective in reversing NM-induced VEGF levels. Doxycycline, dexamethasone and silibinin were all effective in reversing NM-induced COX-2 levels. Apart from therapeutic efficacy of doxycycline and dexamethasone, these results show strong multifunctional efficacy of silibinin in reversing NM-induced ocular injuries, which could help develop effective and safe therapeutics against ocular injuries by vesicants. -- Highlights: ► Established injury biomarkers in rabbit corneal culture with nitrogen mustard (NM) ► This NM model is a cost effective

Use of the mouse ear vesicant model to evaluate the effectiveness of ebselen as a countermeasure to the nitrogen mustard mechlorethamine.

Science.gov (United States)

Lulla, Anju; Reznik, Sandra; Trombetta, Louis; Billack, Blase

2014-12-01

Previous studies in this and other laboratories have demonstrated that ebselen (EB-1), an organoselenium compound, spares cells from mechlorethamine (HN2) toxicity in vitro. In the present study, the hypothesis that EB-1 will reduce dermal toxicity of HN2 in vivo is put forward and found to have merit. Using the mouse ear vesicant model (MEVM), HN2, applied topically, showed a dose-dependent effect upon ear swelling and thickness 24 h after treatment; whereas tissue injury consistent with vesication was observed at the higher test doses of HN2 (≥ 0.250 µmol per ear). To examine HN2 countermeasure activity using the MEVM, either hydrocortisone (HC), as a positive control, or EB-1, the test countermeasure, was administered as three topical treatments 15 min, 4 and 8 h after HN2 exposure. Using this approach, both HC and EB-1 were found to reduce tissue swelling associated with HN2 toxicity 24 h after exposure to the vesicant. Taken together, these data demonstrate for the first time the effectiveness of EB-1 as a vesicant countermeasure in a relevant in vivo model. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

Resultados de la ileocistoplastia ortotópica en pacientes con tumor vesical Orthotopic ileocystoplasty results in patient presenting vesical tumor

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Adolfo García García

2010-03-01

Full Text Available INTRODUCCIÓN. El cáncer de la vejiga es considerado un problema de salud tanto en Cuba como en el mundo. La cistectomía radical y sus variantes terapéuticas tienen la finalidad de curar o controlar la enfermedad, y conllevan la creación de un reservorio lo más semejante posible a la vejiga, por lo que se trabaja en la creación y perfeccionamiento de neovejigas a partir de un segmentointestinal. El objetivo de esta investigación fue evaluar los resultados de la ileocistoplastia ortotópica como procedimiento derivativo de la orina, después de la cistectomía total. MÉTODOS. Se realizó un estudio descriptivo, retrospectivo y prospectivo de 40 pacientes tratados en el Hospital «Hermanos Ameijeiras», en La Habana, entre los años 2000 y 2008. La fuente de información fueron los expedientes clínicos de los pacientes, y los datos se procesaron por medios automatizados. RESULTADOS. La mayor incidencia se encontró en los pacientes con 65 años de edad. La enuresis fue la forma de incontinencia urinaria que predominó y la mayoría de los pacientes tenían micciones voluntarias. Siete pacientes presentaron hidronefrosis y las fístulas del reservorio se relacionaron con la radioterapia. La mortalidad fue del 7,5 %. CONCLUSIONES. La ileocistoplastia ortotópica es un sustituto vesical aceptable en los pacientes con tumores vesicales.INTRODUCTION: The bladder cancer is considered a health problem in Cuba and worldwide. The aim of radical cystectomy and its therapeutical variants is to cure or control the disease and it is necessary the creation of a reservoir very similar to bladder and nowadays it is working in creation and improvement of the neo-bladders from an intestinal segment. The aim of present research was to assess the orthotopic ileocystoplasty results as urine derivative procedure after total cystectomy. METHODS: A prospective, retrospective and descriptive study was conducted in 40 patients seen in "Hermanos Ameijeiras

Superior vesical fissure concealed by giant omphalocele: A case report

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Danial Hayek

2016-11-01

Full Text Available Omphalocele is an abdominal wall defect characterized by exteriorization of abdominal viscera that is covered by a membrane. Omphalocele has a well-known association with chromosome abnormalities. Here we present a case of a superior vesical fissure (SVF initially disguised as a giant omphalocele in a newborn with trisomy 18. We also show unique prenatal imaging and discuss the importance and limitations of prenatal genetic testing.

Tratamento cirúrgico da litíase vesical: revisão de literatura

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Fabio Cesar Miranda Torricelli

Full Text Available Cálculos vesicais são raros e a maioria dos casos ocorre em homens adultos com obstrução infravesical. Atualmente, existem poucos dados sobre o melhor tratamento desta doença. O objetivo desta revisão foi discutir alguns aspectos da patogênese e abordar o tratamento da litíase vesical. Uma ampla pesquisa na base de dados da "National Library of Medicine"/Pubmed foi realizada com os seguintes unitermos e descritores: vesical ou bexiga associados a cálculo, pedra ou litíase, e cistolitotripsia. Cento e setenta e um artigos foram identificados. Os artigos foram avaliados independentemente por dois revisores com experiência em urolitíase. Foram incluídos quando os resultados, complicações e seguimento foram claramente reportados. No final, 32 estudos preencheram os critérios de inclusão. Nota-se que diversas opções para o tratamento da litíase vesical estão disponíveis, porém não há estudos randomizados comparando-as. Diferentes taxas de pacientes livres de cálculo são descritas, sendo: litotripsia extracorpórea com ondas de choque (75-100%, cistolitotripsia transureteroscópica (63-100%, cistolitotripsia percutânea (89-100% e cirurgia aberta (100%. O acesso percutâneo apresenta menor morbidade com resultados semelhantes ao tratamento transuretral, enquanto a litotrispsia extracorpórea apresenta as menores de taxas de eliminação de cálculos e fica reservada aos pacientes de alto risco cirúrgico.

On vesical pathophysiology in context of chemoradiotherapy

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Michailov, M.; Welscher, U.; Neu, E.; Hohlbrugger, G.; Staehler, G.

2003-01-01

Functional disturbances of urinary bladder are described (incl. methods) after combined oncotherapy of the urogenital system: Radiocystitis (bladder hypertone, incontinence), etc. Earlier and recent results are given. Human detrusor (surgical tissue: 10-30 Gy/min) is over 10-times more radiosensitive than this of animal (rat, guinea pig = GP) and reacted with a dose-dependent tonic contraction (% init. prep. length): After 1 Gy: 4.3±9%; 2.5: 7.8±1.7; 5: 15.9±14.7; 10: 38.2±22.6; 30: 47.4±12.8 (p<0.01 or <0.05 for total n=45). The spontaneous phasic contr. (SPS) disappeared after irradiation in human, but not in GP detrusor preparations. Cytostatics such as cis-platinum (10 ng-1 μg/ml) and endoxan (0.1 ng-100 μg/ml) had inhibitory effects on SPS and contr. after neurogenic electrostimulation of GP (more than 50%), but adriblastin (0.1-10 μg/ml) and colchicine (1-100 μg/ml) - augmentory ones. Electrophysiological data demonstrated the presence of stretch dependent ion channels in GP vesical myocytes: The usual spike activity was transformed into a burst-plateau one: rate of rise and of fall of action potentials increased after stretch (3 to 80 mN: 0.4±0.2 to 3.3±0.7 V/cm resp. 0.4±0.3 to 2.3±0.6, n=33). A probable pathogenetic relation of cytostatic and radiation (acute and late) effects to the described stretch channels and electrical patterns, fast detrusor (1-5/min) and slow trigonal contr. (0.1-0.5/ min) as well as decrease of membrane potential of urothel at radiocystitis is of high scientific interest and has to be investigated: This could open a new possibility for vesical prophylaxis and pharmacotherapy

Revisión bibliográfica de cáncer vesical de origen laboral

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Beatriz Suárez-Baena

2015-06-01

Full Text Available Introducción y Objetivos: Realizamos una revisión bibliográfica para determinar la relación entre la exposición a determinadas sustancias en el ámbito laboral y el desarrollo de cáncer vesical, clarificar aquellas profesiones con mayor riesgo y si éste presenta diferencias entre géneros. Material y Métodos: Revisión sistemática. Bases de datos: MEDLINE (Medlars Online International Literature, vía PubMed, OSH UPDATE, IBECS e ILO (International Labour Organization.Se incluyeron los artículos publicados en Inglés o Español, estudios Internacionales o Nacionales, publicaciones dirigidas a relacionar efectos de exposición laboral con cáncer vesical, en los últimos 5 años (2009-2014. Resultados: Se localizaron 156 estudios. Sólo 18 cumplieron los criterios de inclusión. Se encontraron 3 estudios de cohortes, 9 de casos y controles, 3 meta-análisis,2 estudios descriptivos y una serie de casos. Las principales profesiones de riesgo son las relacionadas con la industria de hierro, acero y colorantes, minería de carbón, trabajadores del caucho, pintores, agricultores, peluqueros, conductores de camiones y profesionales en contacto con sustancias explosivas. Conclusiones: En nuestra búsqueda hemos encontrado varios estudios que evidencian relación entre la exposición laboral y el cáncer vesical, aunque se requiere más información, y de más calidad, que permita establecer resultados concluyentes.

Extrofia vesical, una anomalía congénita

OpenAIRE

Roger Rojas Rojas; Madelín Escobar Pupo; Marbelis Betancourt Gavilán; Marilyn Núñez Rodríguez

2015-01-01

Se realizó un trabajo descriptivo y representativo de un caso, para el que se utilizó la entrevista, la ultrasonografía y la evaluación del grupo Multidisciplinario de Genética Provincial. La paciente con 23 años de edad, con historia obstetricia de G2 P1 eutócico, clasificado de riesgo genético bajo, se le detectó en el ultrasonido del segundo semestre en la semana de gestación 19.6 una anomalía congénita, diagnosticada como extrofia vesical. Después de encontrado este hallazgo, la gestante ...

Vesical Artery Embolization in Haemorrhagic Cystitis in Children

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

García-Gámez, Andrés, E-mail: agargamez@gmail.com; Bermúdez Bencerrey, Patricia, E-mail: PBERMUDE@clinic.ub.es [Hospital Clinic (Spain); Brio-Sanagustin, Sonia, E-mail: sbrio@santpau.cat [Hospital de la Santa Creu y Sant Pau (Spain); Guerrero Vara, Rubén, E-mail: rguerrerov@santpau.cat [Hospital Clinic (Spain); Sisinni, Luisa, E-mail: lsisinni@santpau.cat [Hospital de la Santa Creu y Sant Pau (Spain); Stuart, Sam, E-mail: sam.stuart@gosh.nhs.uk; Roebuck, Derek, E-mail: Derek.Roebuck@gosh.nhs.uk [Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children (United Kingdom); Gómez Muñoz, Fernando, E-mail: FEGOMEZ@clinic.ub.es [Hospital Clinic (Spain)

2016-07-15

Haemorrhagic cystitis is an uncommon and, in its severe form, potentially life-threatening complication of haematopoietic stem cell transplantation or cancer therapy in children. The severe form involves macroscopic haematuria with blood clots, urinary obstruction and/or renal impairment. There are many therapeutic options to treat acute haemorrhage, but only recombinant factor VII has a high level of clinical evidence in children. Supraselective vesical artery embolization (SVAE) is an increasingly used therapeutic procedure for controlling haemorrhage in adults, but is less commonly used in children. This might be due to several factors, such as the invasive nature of the procedure, lack of appropriate medical experience and possible long-term side effects. We present three cases of children successfully treated by means of effective SVAE.

Kolonialism või kognitiivne kapitalism? / Jelena Vesic, Branislav Dimitrijevic ; interv. Rael Artel, tõlk. Rael Artel

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

Vesic, Jelena

2007-01-01

Serbia-poolsed kuraatorid Jelena Vesic ja Branislav Dimitrijevic Belgradi Kaasaegse Kunsti Muuseumis avatud Briti Nõukogu initsieeritud briti kaasaegse kunsti näitusest "Breaking Step", kus osaleb 15 kunstnikku, näitusega seotud probleemidest, serbia kaasaegse kunsti näituse Londonis toimumise võimalikkusest

Intra-vesical knot of bladder catheter in an extremely low birthweight neonate: A case report

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Paula M.Y. Tang

2015-07-01

Full Text Available Premature and extremely low birth weight (ELBW neonates are at high risk of developing multiple co-morbidities and often require urinary catheterization for various medical indications. Intra-vesical knotting of bladder catheter is a known but uncommon complication of this procedure. We report a case of an ELBW baby boy with a knotted bladder catheter requiring surgical retrieval. After an elective operation for the closure of patent ductus arteriosus, a 4 French urinary catheter was inserted into an ELBW baby boy for urine output monitoring and left in-situ. Resistance was encountered in attempt to remove the urinary catheter. Abdominal X Ray confirmed intra-vesical knotting of the tube. Knot unravelling by interventional radiology was attempted but was unsuccessful. Open extra-peritoneal bladder exploration was performed for the retrieval of the tightly knotted catheter. A 6 French transurethral Foley catheter was inserted for bladder drainage. Upon removal of the Foley's catheter on day 5 post op, the baby was able to void spontaneously. With literature review, we postulated the potential risk factors resulting in this potentially avoidable iatrogenic unusual complication. Recommendations were suggested to avoid further incidences.

Role of reactive nitrogen species generated via inducible nitric oxide synthase in vesicant-induced lung injury, inflammation and altered lung functioning

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Sunil, Vasanthi R., E-mail: sunilvr@eohsi.rutgers.edu [Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Rutgers University, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy Piscataway, NJ (United States); Shen, Jianliang; Patel-Vayas, Kinal; Gow, Andrew J. [Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Rutgers University, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy Piscataway, NJ (United States); Laskin, Jeffrey D. [Department of Environmental and Occupational Medicine, University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey, Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Piscataway, NJ (United States); Laskin, Debra L. [Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Rutgers University, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy Piscataway, NJ (United States)

2012-05-15

Pulmonary toxicity induced by sulfur mustard and related vesicants is associated with oxidative stress. In the present studies we analyzed the role of reactive nitrogen species (RNS) generated via inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) in lung injury and inflammation induced by vesicants using 2-chloroethyl ethyl sulfide (CEES) as a model. C57Bl/6 (WT) and iNOS −/− mice were sacrificed 3 days or 14 days following intratracheal administration of CEES (6 mg/kg) or control. CEES intoxication resulted in transient (3 days) increases in bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) cell and protein content in WT, but not iNOS −/− mice. This correlated with expression of Ym1, a marker of oxidative stress in alveolar macrophages and epithelial cells. In contrast, in iNOS −/− mice, Ym1 was only observed 14 days post-exposure in enlarged alveolar macrophages, suggesting that they are alternatively activated. This is supported by findings that lung tumor necrosis factor and lipocalin Lcn2 expression, mediators involved in tissue repair were also upregulated at this time in iNOS −/− mice. Conversely, CEES-induced increases in the proinflammatory genes, monocyte chemotactic protein-1 and cyclooxygenase-2, were abrogated in iNOS −/− mice. In WT mice, CEES treatment also resulted in increases in total lung resistance and decreases in compliance in response to methacholine, effects blunted by loss of iNOS. These data demonstrate that RNS, generated via iNOS play a role in the pathogenic responses to CEES, augmenting oxidative stress and inflammation and suppressing tissue repair. Elucidating inflammatory mechanisms mediating vesicant-induced lung injury is key to the development of therapeutics to treat mustard poisoning. -- Highlights: ► Lung injury, inflammation and oxidative stress are induced by the model vesicant CEES ► RNS generated via iNOS are important in the CEES-induced pulmonary toxicity ► iNOS −/− mice are protected from CEES-induced lung toxicity and

Infección del tracto urinario por uso del catéter vesical en pacientes ingresados en cuidados intensivos

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Susana Virgen Fong Reyes

2014-11-01

Full Text Available Se realizó un estudio observacional, descriptivo y transversal de 37 pacientes con infección urinaria luego de la utilización de catéter vesical, ingresados en la sala de Cuidados Intensivos del Hospital Clinicoquirúrgico Docente "Saturnino Lora Torres" de Santiago de Cuba desde mayo de 2011 hasta abril de 2012, con vistas a identificar las causas principales que la ocasionaron. Se halló predominio de los hombres mayores de 60 años que permanecieron expuestos al proceder durante más de 15 días (56,7 %, dado principalmente por la existencia de microorganismos en las floras intestinal y ambiental exógena. Por otra parte, los factores que propiciaron la infección estuvieron asociados a la prolongación del cateterismo vesical, al grupo etario (tercera edad, a la presencia de bacteriuria, al sistema abierto de drenaje y a la administración de antibióticos previa aparición de cepas bacterianas multirresistentes

Antibiotic concentrations in intestinal mucosa.

Science.gov (United States)

Malmborg, A S

1985-01-01

The concentrations in the intestinal mucosa after the initial dose of cefoxitin, piperacillin and clindamycin have been studied. The antibiotics were given at the induction of anesthesia as prophylaxis to patients undergoing elective colorectal surgery. The concentrations of the antibiotics in serum and intestinal mucosa taken during the operation were determined by the microbiological agar diffusion method. Therapeutic concentrations in intestinal mucosa were maintained during the major part of the operation period. The mean mucosa/serum concentration ratios were for cefoxitin 0.4, for piperacillin 0.5 and for clindamycin 1.2.

Genética humana e sociedade

OpenAIRE

Rosa, Vivian Leyser da

2000-01-01

Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Centro de Ciências da Educação. Análise do campo de estudos sobre o entendimento público da ciência, distinguindo os modelos de deficit cognitivo e interativo, bem como suas implicações na esfera educacional. Estudo do panorama dos avanços atuais da genética humana, do ponto de vista científico, ético e social. Análise de aspectos relativos ao ensino de genética humana nos cursos de graduação da área da saúde, em nove Universidades...

Implante uretero-vesical em ratos

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Tucci Jr. Silvio

2000-01-01

Full Text Available Apresentar os resultados obtidos com técnica de implante ureterovesical em ratos após obstrução ureteral ipsilateral. Treze ratos foram submetidos à obstrução ureteral distal à direita e, após uma semana, realizou-se o implante desse ureter na bexiga seguido da nefrectomia contralateral. No período de observação de 4 semanas foram estudados os níveis séricos semanais de uréia e creatinina e, na quarta semana, foi realizada cistografia para pesquisa de refluxo vésico-ureteral. Nove animais sobreviveram ao período de obstrução ureteral. Observou-se aumento significativo dos valores de uréia e creatinina sérica no segundo dia pós-operatório, que regrediram para níveis semelhantes aos basais já na terceira semana de seguimento. Não foi observado refluxo vésico-ureteral à cistografia. Após o sacrifício, a avaliação da junção uretero-vesical não mostrava sinais de obstrução, havendo regressão da hidronefrose presente antes do implante ureteral. A técnica de reimplante ureteral utilizada é eficaz em proporcionar adequada drenagem do trato urinário, evitando refluxovésico-ureteral, sendo adequada para ser utilizada no estudo da recuperação da função renal após período de obstrução ureteral.

Evaluation of the depth of infiltration of urothelial carcinoma in the vesical wall obtained by transurethral intravesical echotomography

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Milošević Radovan

2007-01-01

Full Text Available Background/Aim. Transitional cell carcinoma (TCC is the most frequent tumor of the bladder and represents 95−98% of blader neoplasams and 2−3% of all carcinomas in the body. In urogenital oncology more frequent is only prostatic cancer. Evaluation of the depth of infiltration of urothelial carcinoma in the vesical wall represents the clinical base in treatment planning and prognosis. Clinical investigation and convential radiological procedures have a low level of accuracy in estimating the local growth of the tumor. The aims of our investigation were to determine the depth of infiltration of urothelial carcinoma in the vesical wall in the investigated group of patients by transurethral intravesical echotomography (TIE and computerised tomography (CT scan and to compare results obtained by both methods with pathohistological (PH results, and, based on the difference of the results determine which method was more accurate in the evaluation of the depth of infiltration of urothelial carcinoma in the vesical wall. Methods. Thirty patients with TCC of the bladder both genders, aged 51−81 years were involved in our investigation. In all of these patients, radical cystectomy (RC was performed. This was neccessary to provide the defintive PH result. Transurethral intravesical echotomography was performed by ultrasound scanner type 1846 Bruel and Kjaer, sond type 1850, and the CT scan was perfomed by Pace plus, General Electric, U.S.A. The specimen for the definitive PH result obtained by RC includes all standards of the TNM classification. Results. Using CT scan, the most frequent was T1 stage (17 patients or 56.68%. Using TIE, the most frequent was T2 stage (22 patients or 73.33%. After RC the most frequent was T2 stage (21 patients or 70%. The Kolmogorov-Smirnov test, showed a high significant difference between the results obtained using CT and definitive PH results after RC. The same test showed no statistically significant difference between

[Do you know "Humanae Vitae"?].

Science.gov (United States)

Gakwaya, D

1993-04-01

This work, appearing on the 25th anniversary of "Humanae Vitae," describes the contents of the encyclical on family planning, summarizes reactions to it from western church leaders, and reflects on its relevance to modern societies. "Humanae Vitae" begins with a statement acknowledging the problems posed by population growth to societies and to individual families. Deteriorating conditions of housing and employment and increasing economic and educational inadequacies often make it difficult to raise large families in the modern world. Views of the role of women in society and of the value of marital love and the significance of the sex act in relation to marital love have undergone change. The document raised the question of whether it is time to entrust to couples greater responsibility in regulating their fertility. The document referred to the reasons why the Pope and the Church have the authority to answer such a question and described the care with which the document was prepared before moving to the second major part of the article, that concerning doctrinal principles. After remarking on the respect due to nature, to the purposes of the conjugal act which were identified as union and procreation, and to faithfulness to God's design, the Pope moved on to condemn means of birth regulation termed illicit, which include abortion and direct sterilization as well as contraception. 2 exceptions were recognized, therapeutic sterilization and recourse to infertile periods for couples who for serious reasons wished to avoid pregnancy. The third section instructed priests, couples, bishops, and others in their duties in relation to the contents of Humanae Vitae. The encyclical was praised by some church leaders but also questioned. The fact that the work was not presented as infallible and possible conflicts with the duty of men affirmed in Vatican II not to act against their consciences were noted. When Humanae Vitae was published, the world population was 3.6 billion

Comunicación humana

OpenAIRE

Revista Chasqui

2011-01-01

La mirada del autor. Lo específicamente humano de la comunicación humana. Estraído de Manuel Martín Serrano, 2007, "Teoría de la comunicación. La comunicación la vida y la sociedad" p. 265. Madrid, McGraw-Hill / interamericana de España.

VULNERACIONES DE LA DIGNIDAD HUMANA AL FINAL DE LA VIDA

OpenAIRE

ROBERTO GERMÁN ZURRIARÁIN

2017-01-01

La muerte es constitutiva a la naturaleza humana y por ello tiene que acontecer de forma natural. Pero hay dos realidades que, principalmente, la falsifican: la eutanasia y la obstinación terapéutica. Dos opciones erróneas que no aceptan la realidad humana de la muerte (la primera adelantándola y la otra retrasándola). Desde el punto de vista filosófico y ético ambas son rechazadas, porque atentan contra la dignidad humana al final de la vida. Aparte de estas, en este artículo también se rech...

Plant dermatitis-isolation and chemical investigation of the major vesicant principle of Smodingium argutum

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Gorst-Allman, C.P.; Steyn, P.S.; Wells, M.J.; Fourie, D.M.C.

1987-01-01

Dermatitis precipitated by contact with sensitizing or irritating plants can be a persistent and disabling condition. Although presenting a characteristic clinical appearance, its infrequent occurrence oftenresults in difficulty in diagnosis to those unfamiliar with its effects. The most common cause of plant dermatitis in the Southern Transvaal is Smodingium argutum, an indigenous member of the family Anacardiaceae. The major vesicant principle of Smodingium argutum has been isolated for the first time, and its structure determined on the basis of spectroscopic and chemical evidence. 13 C n.m.r. and 1 H n.m.r. data for compounds are given

Plant dermatitis-isolation and chemical investigation of the major vesicant principle of Smodingium argutum

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Gorst-Allman, C P; Steyn, P S; Heyl, T; Wells, M J; Fourie, D M.C.

1987-03-01

Dermatitis precipitated by contact with sensitizing or irritating plants can be a persistent and disabling condition. Although presenting a characteristic clinical appearance, its infrequent occurrence oftenresults in difficulty in diagnosis to those unfamiliar with its effects. The most common cause of plant dermatitis in the Southern Transvaal is Smodingium argutum, an indigenous member of the family Anacardiaceae. The major vesicant principle of Smodingium argutum has been isolated for the first time, and its structure determined on the basis of spectroscopic and chemical evidence. /sup 13/C n.m.r. and /sup 1/H n.m.r. data for compounds are given.

Effects Aerosol of Industrial Bleach and Detergent Mixture on Mucosa Layer and Lamina Mucosa Conjunctiva in Mice

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Gh. Vaezi

2013-06-01

Full Text Available Today bleach and detergents are being frequently used and some people use their mixture for more cleaning. Because of chemical interaction of bleach and detergent, chlorine gas was released and thereby it could be dangerous for human health. This study examined the effects of exposed toxic mixture of bleach and detergent on the Mucosa layer and Lamina mucosa conjunctiva in the mice. In this study, 42 adult male mice NMRI race weighing 35-40 gr and from age 8 to 10 weeks were divided into 6 experimental groups and one control group. Experimental groups 1-2-3 with the use of chamber, the exposed 20 minutes were exposed to spray the amount 1 cc of mixture of bleach and detergent by nebulizer. Experimental groups 4-5-6 were for 35 minutes to inhale the same amount of material. Mice killed at 24-48-72 hours after exposed and the Mucosa Layer and Lamina mucosa conjunctiva tissue was studied pathology. In the study of microscopic sections prepared of mouse mucosa layer and Lamina mucosa conjunctiva tissue experimental group comparison with the control group, significant decrease was observed in mucosa layer the have (p ≤ 0.001  and significant decrease was observed in the Lamina mucosa have(p ≤ 0. 01,  p ≤ 0.001. As a result, increasing the exposed time of mixing bleach and detergent, as time passed, increasing the tissue damage and changes.

DIGNIDAD HUMANA, DIVERSIDAD CULTURAL Y CALIDAD DE VIDA

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Édgar Antonio López López

2009-01-01

Full Text Available En este artículo, se propone la calidad de vida como una expresión concreta de la dignidad humana que permite superar el relativismo en la discusión bioética sobre la diversidad cultural y los límites de una concepción universalista de los derechos humanos. Después de hacer referencia al proceso mediante el cual las nociones cristianas de dignidad humana y de derecho natural fueron secularizadas, se hace examen de la conservadora crítica culturalista de Lee Kwan yew y de la crítica comunitarista de Charles Taylor a la concepción universal de los derechos humanos. A partir de las respuestas de Thomas Pogge y de Amartya Sen a dichas críticas, fi nalmente se establece la relación que hay entre libertad, calidad de vida y capacidades humanas en la teoría de Sen.

Extrofia vesical, una anomalía congénita

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Roger Rojas Rojas

2015-12-01

Full Text Available Se realizó un trabajo descriptivo y representativo de un caso, para el que se utilizó la entrevista, la ultrasonografía y la evaluación del grupo Multidisciplinario de Genética Provincial. La paciente con 23 años de edad, con historia obstetricia de G2 P1 eutócico, clasificado de riesgo genético bajo, se le detectó en el ultrasonido del segundo semestre en la semana de gestación 19.6 una anomalía congénita, diagnosticada como extrofia vesical. Después de encontrado este hallazgo, la gestante fue remitida al Centro Genético Provincial. El equipo facultativo evaluó el caso y decidió la interrupción electiva del embarazo, siendo un feto de 450 gramos del sexo femenino. El resultado final de la anatomía patológica fue: ausencia de fusión del hueso pelviano; malformación de la vulva, clítoris prominente, labios mayores cortos y abiertos; vejiga insertada en la pared abdominal.

Teoria organizacional para la gerencia humana como factor de desarrollo a escala humana

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Gregoria Polo de Lobatón

2014-01-01

Full Text Available Hoy, se debate en los países subdesarrollados y hasta en desarrollo caso América Latina el estancamiento económico rodeado de un mar de pobreza y exclusión social, en contrario, los paísesdesarrollados a partir de la crisis de 1929 muestran su crecimiento a partir de modelos de desarrollo económico como sustento teórico del pensamiento administrativo captado para las prácticas gerenciales; resultó útil identificar los aportes de la teoría del desarrollo como fundamentación de las teorías organizacionales y su incidencia en las prácticas gerenciales como factor de desarrollo. Metodológicamente la investigación se orientó en el enfoque cualitativo para el análisis fenomenológico de los datos encontrados en revisiones documentales. Los resultados determinaron que las prácticas gerenciales se fundamentan en teorías organizacionales clásicas y contemporáneas centradas en principios de eficiencia y productividad. A partir de las teorías contemporáneas un dinamismo con enfoques sociales y ambientales, su fundamento la escuela humana con los pensadores: Weber, Elton Mayo, reformistas y otros pensadores, que tenidas en cuenta para las prácticas gerenciales centradas en la suficiencia manifiestan interés por el acercamiento al desarrollo a escala humana.Palabras clave: Teorías organizacionales; paradigma de Gerencia Humana; Desarrollo a escala humana.Organizational theory for human management as a development factor to human scale AbstractToday, there are discussions in underdeveloped countries and even in developing ones, Latin American case, the economic halt surrounded by a sea of poverty and social exclusion, in contrast, developed countries starting from the crisis of 1929 show their growth from economic development models as a theoretical backup of the management thinking captured for management practices; proved useful to identify the contributions of development theory as the foundation of organizational theories and

GESTIÓN HUMANA: TENDENCIAS Y PERSPECTIVAS

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JUAN GUILLERMO SALDARRIAGA RÍOS

2008-01-01

Full Text Available En este artículo se hace referencia a las tendencias y las perspectivas de gestión humana que se imponen en el mundo en la actualidad y que, a su manera, pretenden optimizar la administración del personal de la organización y contribuir al desarrollo e incremento de la productividad y la competitividad. Mediante la realización de un Estado del Arte se logran determinar algunas de las tendencias más relevantes en la actualidad y se concluye que, cada vez con mayor fuerza, dichas tendencias se sustentan en discursos que pretenden "rescatar" al ser humano dentro de la organización, lo que no necesariamente se traduce en los procesos de gestión humana que se realizan en las organizaciones nacionales e internacionales.

Localization of ectopic gastric mucosa by scintigraphy

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

D'Alonzo, W.A. Jr.

1988-01-01

When gastric mucosal tissue occurs outside of the confines of the stomach, it is termed ectopic or heterotopic. Ectopic gastric mucosa may be found within Meckel's diverticulum, duplications of the alimentary tract, and Barrett's esophagus. In addition, a surgeon may inadvertently leave behind antral gastric mucosa while performing a partial gastrectomy for peptic ulcer disease (i.e., retained gastric antrum). It is important to detect the presence and location of ectopic mucosa because acid and pepsin secretion may cause ulceration in the adjacent tissue resulting in serious complications. The only currently available specific diagnostic technique for detecting ectopic gastric mucosa is pertechnetate Tc 99m (TcO 4- ) scintigraphy. This chapter reviews the functional anatomy of gastric mucosa, the mechanism of TcO 4 - localization, the various entities containing ectopic gastric mucosa, and the methods and results of TcO 4 - scanning for these disorders

Expression of proliferative and inflammatory markers in a full-thickness human skin equivalent following exposure to the model sulfur mustard vesicant, 2-chloroethyl ethyl sulfide

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Black, Adrienne T.; Hayden, Patrick J.; Casillas, Robert P.; Heck, Diane E.; Gerecke, Donald R.; Sinko, Patrick J.; Laskin, Debra L.; Laskin, Jeffrey D.

2010-01-01

Sulfur mustard is a potent vesicant that induces inflammation, edema and blistering following dermal exposure. To assess molecular mechanisms mediating these responses, we analyzed the effects of the model sulfur mustard vesicant, 2-chloroethyl ethyl sulfide, on EpiDerm-FT TM , a commercially available full-thickness human skin equivalent. CEES (100-1000 μM) caused a concentration-dependent increase in pyknotic nuclei and vacuolization in basal keratinocytes; at high concentrations (300-1000 μM), CEES also disrupted keratin filament architecture in the stratum corneum. This was associated with time-dependent increases in expression of proliferating cell nuclear antigen, a marker of cell proliferation, and poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) and phosphorylated histone H2AX, markers of DNA damage. Concentration- and time-dependent increases in mRNA and protein expression of eicosanoid biosynthetic enzymes including COX-2, 5-lipoxygenase, microsomal PGE 2 synthases, leukotriene (LT) A 4 hydrolase and LTC 4 synthase were observed in CEES-treated skin equivalents, as well as in antioxidant enzymes, glutathione S-transferases A1-2 (GSTA1-2), GSTA3 and GSTA4. These data demonstrate that CEES induces rapid cellular damage, cytotoxicity and inflammation in full-thickness skin equivalents. These effects are similar to human responses to vesicants in vivo and suggest that the full thickness skin equivalent is a useful in vitro model to characterize the biological effects of mustards and to develop potential therapeutics.

Postura Scanner - Mapeamento e Interpretação da postura humana

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João Ricardo R. de Moraes

2015-07-01

Full Text Available Este trabalho tem a finalidade de projetar um software capaz de mapear e interpretar a condição clínica da postura humana por meio de imagens, tendo como foco a identificação de patologias que atuam sobre o formato das curvas fisiológicas da coluna vertebral humana. Além disso, será um banco de informações a ser consultado por médicos e pacientes, através de exames que exerceram interações com o software segundo a sua natureza. Neste estudo, relatase como são definidas a postura humana, a coluna vertebral e as medidas das curvas fisiológicas e apresentam-se as técnicas de processamento de imagens que permitem a obtenção dos dados requeridos para o processo. Finalmente, mostra-se a modelagem e implementação do software, bem como a forma de mapeamento e a interpretação da postura humana.

Antimicrobial compounds of porcine mucosa

Science.gov (United States)

Kotenkova, E. A.; Lukinova, E. A.; Fedulova, L. V.

2017-09-01

The aim of the study was to investigate porcine oral cavity mucosa (OCM), nasal cavity mucosa (NCM), rectal mucosa (RM) and tongue mucosa (TM) as sources of antimicrobial compounds. Ultrafiltrates with MW >30 kDa, MW 5-30 kDa and MW 30 kDa, the zone of microbial growth inhibition was 7.5 mm, for the MW<5 kDa fraction, it was 7 mm, and for MW 5-30 kDa fraction, it was 4.5 mm. No significant differences were found in high molecular weight proteomic profile, while qualitative and quantitative differences were observed in the medium and low molecular weight areas, especially in OCM and NCM. HPLC showed 221 tissue-specific peptides in OCM, 156 in NCM, 225 in RM, but only 5 in TM. The results observed confirmed porcine mucous tissues as a good source of antimicrobial compounds, which could be an actual alternative for reduction of microbial spoilage of foods.

Myiasis gastrointestinal humana por Eristalis tenax

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Marcelo Kun

1998-08-01

Full Text Available Son caracterizadas las myiasis registradas en Bariloche y establecidas las condiciones probables bajo las cuales se produjeron las infestaciones. Las larvas obtenidas a partir de heces de 2 pacientes fueron identificadas como Eristalis tenax (Diptera: Syrphidae de acuerdo a las claves de Hartley (1961 y Organización Panamericana de la Salud (1962. Estos 2 casos de myiasis gastrointestinal humana constituyen los primeros registrados en Bariloche (Patagonia, Argentina y sus características responden a las registradas para esta especie de Díptera en otras partes del mundo. La falta de control específico en el sistema domiciliario de suministro de agua ha sido la causa más probable de la infestación. Este registro extiende la distribución de E. tenax y de las myiasis gastrointestinales humanas en América del Sur hasta los 41º 03' S.

Myiasis gastrointestinal humana por Eristalis tenax

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Kun Marcelo

1998-01-01

Full Text Available Son caracterizadas las myiasis registradas en Bariloche y establecidas las condiciones probables bajo las cuales se produjeron las infestaciones. Las larvas obtenidas a partir de heces de 2 pacientes fueron identificadas como Eristalis tenax (Diptera: Syrphidae de acuerdo a las claves de Hartley (1961 y Organización Panamericana de la Salud (1962. Estos 2 casos de myiasis gastrointestinal humana constituyen los primeros registrados en Bariloche (Patagonia, Argentina y sus características responden a las registradas para esta especie de Díptera en otras partes del mundo. La falta de control específico en el sistema domiciliario de suministro de agua ha sido la causa más probable de la infestación. Este registro extiende la distribución de E. tenax y de las myiasis gastrointestinales humanas en América del Sur hasta los 41º 03' S.

Diagnóstico y tratamiento de la esquistosomiasis vesical desde la atención primaria penitenciaria: a propósito de un caso Diagnosis and treatment of bladder schistosomiasis from penitentiary primary care: case report

OpenAIRE

A. Bedoya del Campillo; P. A. Martínez-Carpio; M. J. Leal; N. Lleopart

2012-01-01

Se describe un caso clínico de un paciente procedente de Senegal con síndrome miccional y hematuria microscópica que fue diagnosticado y tratado de esquistosomiasis vesical en los servicios médicos del Centro Penitenciario de Jóvenes de Barcelona. Según nuestra información en la base de datos Medline no existen casos de esquistosomiasis vesical abordados en atención primaria fuera de áreas endémicas. Los pacientes pueden diagnosticarse y tratarse antes de ser derivados a la asistencia especia...

LA CONSULTORÍA DE GESTIÓN HUMANA EN EMPRESAS MEDIANAS

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ESTEBAN LÓPEZ ZAPATA

2010-01-01

Full Text Available El artículo es resultado de una investigación que busca describir el mercado de la consultoría de gestión humana para empresas medianas de Medellín. Se identifi can el concepto y las características de la consultoría gerencial y se plantea su pertinencia para cada proceso de gestión humana. Con una muestra de 57 empresas medianas y 19 empresas consultoras, se analiza el comportamiento de la demanda y la oferta en el contexto local. Se identifi can los atributos de las empresas demandantes y sus dependencias de gestión humana, la composición de las empresas consultoras, las necesidades y ofertas de consultoría actuales y futuras, el proceso de compra y las difi cultades frecuentes de los proyectos de consultoría.

comunicación humana

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Constanza Moya Pardo

2006-01-01

Full Text Available Este artículo pretende mostrar los planteamientos cognitivos más representativos de la Teoría de la Relevancia propuesta por Spelber & Wilson con respecto al modelo ostensivoinferencial. Este modelo plantea un mecanismo deductivo explícito que da cuenta de los procesos y estrategias que permiten el paso del significado literal a la interpretación pragmática de los mensajes en el proceso de comunicación humana.

Human action in a Genomic Era: debates on human nature Ação humana na Era do Genoma: debates sobre a natureza humana

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Tatiana Gomes Rotondaro

2009-03-01

Full Text Available The supposed properties of 'genes' have led natural scientists to claim authority to explain the reasons of human action, behavior, and even human nature, which has traditionally been the object of study of the humanities. The aim of this paper is to discuss the possibilities of sociological theory dealing with the biological reductionism that establishes the strict articulation between 'human nature' and 'human action', presented in several speeches and papers by scientists and journalists and supported by features of 'genes'. I intend to argue that sociological theories may broaden their scope of analysis by encompassing biological dimensions, which does not necessarily mean adopting a biological reductionist approach.As supostas propriedades dos 'genes' levam os cientistas naturais a reivindicar autoridade para explicar as razões de atos, comportamentos e até a natureza humana, tradicional objeto de estudo das ciências humanas. O objetivo deste artigo é discutir as possibilidades de a teoria sociológica lidar com o reducionismo biológico, que estabelece uma articulação exata entre 'natureza humana' e 'ação humana'. Tal reducionismo está presente em discursos e artigos de cientistas e jornalistas, e é embasado por características dos 'genes'. Argumento que as teorias sociológicas podem ampliar suas possibilidades de análise se incorporarem dimensões biológicas, o que não implica necessariamente adotar uma abordagem reducionista.

IMMUNOHISTOCHEMICAL ANALYSIS OF ORAL MUCOSA LEUKOPLAKIA

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Yu. G. KOLENKO

2016-06-01

Full Text Available In recent years, substantial changes have occurred in the structure of oral mucosa diseases, in particular an increased ratio of precancerous diseases, so that an effective non-invasive detection of any sign of malignancy appears as an urgent and most actual task of dentistry. Aim: To study the proliferative activity of epithelial cells in Ki-67 antigenin patients with leukoplakia of the oral mucosa. Materials and method: A complex clinical and laboratory examination was performed on 155 patients with oral leukoplakia, who addressed the Operative Dentistry Department of the “A.A.Bogomolets” National Medical University of Kiev between 2010 and 2014. All patients have been subjected to a careful clinical examination, which included: dental anamnesis, visual inspection, oral examination and digital palpation of oral mucosa and tongue mucosa, biopsy of leukoplakia lesions for cytological and histological examination. Results: Histological evaluation of the material has been performed according to the WHO (2005 classification of leukoplakia. 10 (14% sites of unaltered mucosa, 10 (14% samples of hyperkeratosis without atypia, 14 (19% biopsy specimens of hyperkeratosis SIN1, 15 (21% – hyperkeratosis SIN2, 10 (14% - SIN3 and 13 (18% cases of squamous cell carcinoma were evidenced. Immunohistochemical investigation evidenced the presence of protein Ki-67 in the nuclei of epithelial cells. In the unmodified epithelium of the oral mucosa, all epithelial cells with stained nuclei are virtually located in the basal layer. Conclusion: Against the general increase of the proliferative activity of epithelial cells with increasing SIN, a characteristic distribution of proliferating cells in the thickness of the epithelium was revealed for each studied group, as follows: in the control group and in leukoplakia without atypia, immunopositive cells are located in the basal layer, in leukoplakia (SIN1, SIN2 and SIN3 – in parabasal position while, in squamous

Gestión humana: tendencias y perspectivas

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Juan Guillermo Saldarriaga Ríos

2008-04-01

Full Text Available En este artículo se hace referencia a las tendencias y las perspectivas de gestión humana que se imponen en el mundo en la actualidad y que, a su manera, pretenden optimizar la administración del personal de la organización y contribuir al desarrollo e incremento de la productividad y la competitividad. Mediante la realización de un Estado del Arte se logran determinar algunas de las tendencias más relevantes en la actualidad y se concluye que, cada vez con mayor fuerza, dichas tendencias se sustentan en discursos que pretenden “rescatar” al ser humano dentro de la organización, lo que no necesariamente se traduce en los procesos de gestión humana que se realizan en las organizaciones nacionales e internacionales.

El cambio climático, la salud humana y el desarrollo sostenible

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Martens W. J. M.

1998-01-01

Full Text Available El cambio climático debido a actividades humanas pone en peligro los ecosistemas y la salud humana a escala mundial. Con el fin de hacer frente a las amenazas que se ciernen sobre los ecosistemas en todo el mundo, en el decenio de 1980 se introdujo el concepto del desarrollo sostenible. Desde entonces, ese concepto se ha aplicado ampliamente para guiar y enfocar la formulación de políticas. En el presente artículo se examinan las consecuencias sanitarias que tiene el cambio climático debido a actividades humanas para el desarrollo sostenible, en particular su posible efecto en el abastecimiento de alimentos, los desastres naturales, las enfermedades infecciosas, los ecosistemas y la elevación del nivel del mar. Se discute un modelo integrado que contiene los principales indicadores del desarrollo sostenible. También se examina la importancia que tienen el cambio climático, la salud humana y el desarrollo sostenible para las políticas internacionales pertinentes.

Naturaleza humana y política en Denis Diderot

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Pablo Scotto Benito

2015-02-01

Full Text Available El presente trabajo se propone relacionar la concepción que Diderot tiene del ser humano con sus ideas políticas. A pesar de que no se pueda hallar en la obra del “filósofo” un tratado sistemático en el que el estudio de la naturaleza humana sirva como fundamentación de un determinado sistema político, la epistemología empirista y el monismo materialista diderotianos, con la consecuente revalorización de las pasiones corporales, conducen a una moral y una política universalistas, acordes con la naturaleza humana y centradas en la felicidad de los individuos.

Actitudes del personal sanitario ante la clonación humana

OpenAIRE

Lupiani Giménez, María Mercedes

2006-01-01

Las Ciencias Biosanitarias -como la Física en su día- se han convertido en TECNOLOGÍA, adquiriendo el poder de manipular la estructura de la vida y producirla artificialmente por CLONACIÓN. ¡ Presumiblemente incluso la humana!. Pero en este campo, como sucede con las Tecnologías poderosas, existen FUERTES CONTRADICCIONES, habiéndose abierto un DEBATE SOCIAL áspero y apasionante que ha alcanzado a todos los tejidos sociales, incluido el político. Sin duda, la Clonación Humana, junto con la Ing...

La agresividad humana

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Olimpia López Avendaño

2004-01-01

Full Text Available En este artículo se comparan los planteamientos de Sigmund Freud, Herbert Marcusse y Erich Fromm en torno a la agresividad humana. Analizar esta temática en el contexto actual es relevante dado el incremento de acciones que conllevan gran dosis de violencia tanto en el plano físico, como en el psicológico y espiritual, así como la urgencia de plantear soluciones. La posición de los tres autores permite visualizar la pertinencia de explicaciones que tienden a asumirse en la vida cotidiana en torno a este fenómeno y, sobre todo, construir nuevas perspectivas que las relean, trasciendan y enriquezcan.

Case Report: Giant Vesical Calculus | Aliyu | Nigerian Journal of ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

RESULTS: The calculus weighed 1.6kg and measured 13cm X 9.5cm X 9.2cm in length breadth and height; and contained calcium carbonate, calcium oxalate, magnesium phosphate and uric acid. It was a complex stone, sticking to the hypertrophied bladder wall. A biopsy of the bladder mucosa revealed no malignancy.

El Principio de la Dignidade Humana como Concepto de Interpretación

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Fernanda Sartor Meinero

2016-10-01

Full Text Available Transformaciones sociales y nuevas tecnologías terminan por modificar la comprensión sobre los derechos humanos. La dignidad de la persona humana es, así, un concepto interpretativo que se modificará de acuerdo con los desafíos del futuro. Por lo tanto, esta investigación tiene como objetivo analizar la evolución histórica del principio de dignidad de la persona humana, con enfoque jurídico-constitucional y discutir de qué modo los desafíos contemporáneos influyen en la interpretación y aplicación de este principio. De este modo, se muestra importante la contribución de la hermenéutica jurídica para reinterpretar el contenido de la dignidad humana, actualizándolo.

FORMAÇÃO HUMANA: CURRÍCULO PARA O DESENVOLVIMENTO HUMANO

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Adreana Dulcina Platt

2009-09-01

Full Text Available No presente artigo pretendemos debater a análise crítico-reflexiva das premissas que sustentam a práxis da formação humana perpassando transversalmente os conceitos de desenvolvimento humano e o currículo. Entendemos o currículo de formação humana a partir da filosofia da práxis. Coadunando com nossas perspectivas epistemológicas, concordamos com a leitura de Semeraro (2001b, quando aponta que Gramsci melhor desvela o processo de elaboração da filosofia da práxis a partir de novas relações sociais; ou seja, desligado das puras abstrações, o filósofo italiano observa na “unidade das tensões dualistas e as contradições ricas e complexas” (“entre teoria/prática, intelectuais/massa, organização/espontaneidade, sociedade política/sociedade civil, ocidente/oriente, norte/sul, história do mundo/história particular”, a articulação para o desenvolvimento da atividade humana plena. A partir destes pressupostos colocados aqui enquanto premissas para a sistematização de nossos estudos, nos debruçaremos sobre dois grandes objetivos: (1 compreender o processo de humanização a partir da esfera das objetivações sociais e (2 a constituição do currículo de formação humana atrelado aos diferentes modos de produção, uma vez que demanda em diferentes formações sociais.

La tarea hermenéutica de las ciencias humanas

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Rafael Ávila Penagos

2012-01-01

Full Text Available En este trabajo el autor sustenta la importancia y pertinencia de la tradición hermenéutica para todos los investigadores de las ciencias humanas. Dos casos paradigmáticos sirven para abrir y cerrar el texto. En ellos se muestra, de manera contundente, el impacto de las actividades hermenéuticas sobre la configuración de nuevos sentidos, el cambio en las maneras de mirar y el acceso a nuevas formas de vida en el universo social. En el intermedio, el autor describe el progresivo distanciamiento de las ciencias humanas respecto al paradigma positivista. Se detiene en la conceptualización de cuatro categorías fundamentales de la actividad hermenéutica: la comprensión, la explicación, la interpretación y la traducción. Sostiene que la traducción del comprender es la tarea complementaria de la comprensión del comprender, e incorpora la propuesta de Paul Ricoeur para una nueva comprensión de la explicación en este ámbito. Finalmente, argumenta que la autocomprensión y la autovaloración de las ciencias humanas dependen de su capacidad reflexiva para considerar sus teorías y sus prácticas como textos susceptibles de autoexamen.

En torno a la realidad humana en Xavier Zubiri

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Espinoza Lolas, Ricardo

2016-08-01

Full Text Available This article inquires into the nature of human reality and its connection to the concept of person in the philosophy of Xavier Zubiri(1898-1983. The methodology of the analysis consists in reviewing the nature of human reality through the prism of noology, i.e., the final period of this author’s work, in order to introduce man from its always incarnate, prominently physical, dimension of human reality. This allows individual development and the historical and social display of the human being from a physical perspective to be represented.Este artículo indaga acerca del carácter de la realidad humana y su relación al concepto de persona en el pensamiento de Xavier Zubiri (1898-1983. La metodología de análisis consiste en revisar el carácter de la realidad humana desde la noología, esto es, la última etapa de la obra del autor, a fin de presentar al hombre desde su dimensión eminentemente física y siempre encarnada de la realidad humana, permitiendo repensar desde una perspectiva física el desarrollo individual, así como también, el despliegue social e histórico del ser humano.

Gerente de projetos: habilidades humanas e comportamentais / Project manager: human and behaviours skills

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Edson Coutinho da Silva

2016-04-01

Full Text Available Um gerente de projetos deve priorizar as habilidades humanas e comportamentais do que as habilidades técnicas para a obtenção de êxito de projetos; uma vez que são as pessoas e a equipe que compõem um projeto. O artigo tem o propósito de descrever as habilidades humanas requeridas para um gestor conduzir a implementação de um projeto em uma organização, na busca de mitigar os conflitos com os stakeholders. Foi elaborada uma pesquisa descritiva alicerçadas por técnicas como a pesquisa-ação e estudo de caso. Os dados foram obtidos por meio da experiência de um dos pesquisadores deste artigo no projeto e por meio de seis entrevistas com membros da equipe. Os pesquisadores estabeleceram cinco habilidades humanas e comportamentais que são requeridas aos gerentes: liderança, comunicação, gestão de mudança, motivação e gestão de conflito; e as usou para fins de análise e discussão dos resultados. Concluiu-se, pelo projeto de implementação do ERP pesquisado neste estudo, que esta organização considerou prioritariamente as habilidades técnicas do que as humanas ao selecionar alguns de seus gestores; e foi exatamente a ausência de repertório de habilidades humanas que comprometeu o gerenciamento do projeto.

Regulation of Hsp27 and Hsp70 expression in human and mouse skin construct models by caveolae following exposure to the model sulfur mustard vesicant, 2-chloroethyl ethyl sulfide

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Black, Adrienne T.; Hayden, Patrick J.; Casillas, Robert P.; Heck, Diane E.; Gerecke, Donald R.; Sinko, Patrick J.; Laskin, Debra L.; Laskin, Jeffrey D.

2011-01-01

Dermal exposure to the vesicant sulfur mustard causes marked inflammation and tissue damage. Basal keratinocytes appear to be a major target of sulfur mustard. In the present studies, mechanisms mediating skin toxicity were examined using a mouse skin construct model and a full-thickness human skin equivalent (EpiDerm-FT TM ). In both systems, administration of the model sulfur mustard vesicant, 2-chloroethyl ethyl sulfide (CEES, 100-1000 μM) at the air surface induced mRNA and protein expression of heat shock proteins 27 and 70 (Hsp27 and Hsp70). CEES treatment also resulted in increased expression of caveolin-1, the major structural component of caveolae. Immunohistochemistry revealed that Hsp27, Hsp70 and caveolin-1 were localized in basal and suprabasal layers of the epidermis. Caveolin-1 was also detected in fibroblasts in the dermal component of the full thickness human skin equivalent. Western blot analysis of caveolar membrane fractions isolated by sucrose density centrifugation demonstrated that Hsp27 and Hsp70 were localized in caveolae. Treatment of mouse keratinocytes with filipin III or methyl-β-cyclodextrin, which disrupt caveolar structure, markedly suppressed CEES-induced Hsp27 and Hsp70 mRNA and protein expression. CEES treatment is known to activate JNK and p38 MAP kinases; in mouse keratinocytes, inhibition of these enzymes suppressed CEES-induced expression of Hsp27 and Hsp70. These data suggest that MAP kinases regulate Hsp 27 and Hsp70; moreover, caveolae-mediated regulation of heat shock protein expression may be important in the pathophysiology of vesicant-induced skin toxicity.

MZC Gel Inhibits SHIV-RT and HSV-2 in Macaque Vaginal Mucosa and SHIV-RT in Rectal Mucosa.

Science.gov (United States)

Calenda, Giulia; Villegas, Guillermo; Barnable, Patrick; Litterst, Claudia; Levendosky, Keith; Gettie, Agegnehu; Cooney, Michael L; Blanchard, James; Fernández-Romero, José A; Zydowsky, Thomas M; Teleshova, Natalia

2017-03-01

The Population Council's microbicide gel MZC (also known as PC-1005) containing MIV-150 and zinc acetate dihydrate (ZA) in carrageenan (CG) has shown promise as a broad-spectrum microbicide against HIV, herpes simplex virus (HSV), and human papillomavirus. Previous data show antiviral activity against these viruses in cell-based assays, prevention of vaginal and rectal simian-human immunodeficiency virus reverse transcriptase (SHIV-RT) infection, and reduction of vaginal HSV shedding in rhesus macaques and also excellent antiviral activity against HSV and human papillomavirus in murine models. Recently, we demonstrated that MZC is safe and effective against SHIV-RT in macaque vaginal explants. Here we established models of ex vivo SHIV-RT/HSV-2 coinfection of vaginal mucosa and SHIV-RT infection of rectal mucosa in macaques (challenge of rectal mucosa with HSV-2 did not result in reproducible tissue infection), evaluated antiviral activity of MZC, and compared quantitative polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay readouts for monitoring SHIV-RT infection. MZC (at nontoxic dilutions) significantly inhibited SHIV-RT in vaginal and rectal mucosas and HSV-2 in vaginal mucosa when present during viral challenge. Analysis of SHIV-RT infection and MZC activity by 1-step simian immunodeficiency virus gag quantitative RT-PCR and p27 enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay demonstrated similar virus growth dynamics and MZC activity by both methods and higher sensitivity of quantitative RT-PCR. Our data provide more evidence that MZC is a promising dual compartment multipurpose prevention technology candidate.

Desenvolvimento de biomaterial a partior de matriz amniótica humana

OpenAIRE

Francisco, Júlio César

2013-01-01

Resumo: A membrana amniótica tem sido estudada como possível biomaterial na Medicina Regenerativa, sobretudo de uso externo. Os protocolos são controversos entre os métodos descelularização e manutenção da integridade de seus componentes. Objetivo: desenvolver um biomaterial a partir de matriz amniótica humana. Material e Métodos: Realizado protocolo modificado de placenta humana a base detergentes iônicos para remoção de todos os componentes celulares da membrana amniótica. Placentas obtidas...

Effects of radiation on nasal mucosa of guinea pig

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Xiao Mang; Hu Sunhong; Liu Yuehui

2004-01-01

Objective: To study histopathological changes in nasal mucosa of guinea pigs following a series of irradiation. Methods: A total of 60 healthy guinea pigs were divided into two groups randomly: the irradiation group (n=30) and the control group (n=30). The animals of the irradiation group were exposed nasally to linear accelerator X-rays at 5.0 Gy once a week for three weeks. At 1 d, 1 w, 2 w, 4 w, 10 w and half year after X-irradiation five animals per one group were sacrificed randomly, at each time point. Their middle nasal turbinate mucosa was observed under optical microscope and electron microscope, and were analysed by image analysis for histopathological transformation. Results: In the irradiation group, the early histopathological transformation was acute inflammatory reaction, at the fourth week the mucosa began to repair, which ended at the sixth month. But after repaired, some parts of the repaired mucosa were lined with squamous epithelium instead of the normal nasal mucosa. The rate of the cilia-covered area was only 52.9% at the sixth month. Conclusion: The nasal mucosa injury and the squamous metaplasia could form a pathological basis of dysfunction after irradiation

LA FORMA HUMANA

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GERMÁN ENRIQUE BELTRÁN

2015-03-01

Full Text Available Como pedagogos constituimos una gran organización  de sinceros aspirantes al poder que proviene del conocimiento,  y el conocimiento es el único poder que necesitamos.  Nos circundan por todos lados las más poderosas fuerzas,  podemos pensar que la dinámica es un poder maravilloso,  una fuerza de gran potencia, cuando se le deja libre,  pero este poder no es nada en comparación con la potencia  del poder y fuerza contenidos en el electrón invisible o átomo  de materia, si pudiéramos liberarlo con tal facilidad como  lo hacemos con la fuerza de la dinámica.  La fuerza llamada de gravitación no es más potente que la  fuerza que cualquier motor eléctrico halla sido capaz de  producir. La fuerza y poder que existe dentro del cuerpo  humano, llamada también vitalidad humana o magnetismo  es mucho mas grande y dinámica de lo que nos imaginamos.  Tenemos también el poder, la fuerza potente que se  manifiesta a través de la mente humana.

The oral mucosa in leprosy: a clinical and histopathological study.

Science.gov (United States)

de Abreu, Marilda Aparecida Milanez Morgado; Michalany, Nilceo Schwery; Weckx, Luc Louis Maurice; Neto Pimentel, Dalva Regina; Hirata, Cleonice Hitomi Watashi; de Avelar Alchorne, Maurício Mota

2006-01-01

Multibacillary leprosy may involve the oral mucosa, with or without apparent lesions. There are few studies that deal with this issue in the era of multidrug therapy. To assess the frequency of oral mucosa involvement in multibacillary leprosy patients. A transversal study with twenty non-treated multibacillary leprosy patients. The patients were treated in Dracena, São Paulo, between 2000 and 2002. Clinical examination of the oral mucosa was carried out. All patients were submitted to jugal mucosa, soft palate and tongue biopsies, in altered or in pre-established sites. The cross-sections were stained by techniques of hematoxilin-eosin and Ziehl-Neelsen. Granuloma and alcohol-acid-resistant bacilli findings determined the specific histopathological involvement. The study involved 19 patients with an average of 2.5 years of disease progression. Specific histopathological involvement occurred in the tongue and soft palate of one lepromatous patient with an apparently normal oral mucosa. (1) Clinical alterations in the oral mucosa does not imply disease involvement, it is necessary to have histopathological confirmation. (2) Apparent specific clinical alterations are rare. (3) The clinically normal oral mucosa can show specific histopathological involvement.

Leptin promotes wound healing in the oral mucosa.

Science.gov (United States)

Umeki, Hirochika; Tokuyama, Reiko; Ide, Shinji; Okubo, Mitsuru; Tadokoro, Susumu; Tezuka, Mitsuki; Tatehara, Seiko; Satomura, Kazuhito

2014-01-01

Leptin, a 16 kDa circulating anti-obesity hormone, exhibits many physiological properties. Recently, leptin was isolated from saliva; however, its function in the oral cavity is still unclear. In this study, we investigated the physiological role of leptin in the oral cavity by focusing on its effect on wound healing in the oral mucosa. Immunohistochemical analysis was used to examine the expression of the leptin receptor (Ob-R) in human/rabbit oral mucosa. To investigate the effect of leptin on wound healing in the oral mucosa, chemical wounds were created in rabbit oral mucosa, and leptin was topically administered to the wound. The process of wound repair was histologically observed and quantitatively analyzed by measuring the area of ulceration and the duration required for complete healing. The effect of leptin on the proliferation, differentiation and migration of human oral mucosal epithelial cells (RT7 cells) was investigated using crystal violet staining, reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and a wound healing assay, respectively. Ob-R was expressed in spinous/granular cells in the epithelial tissue and vascular endothelial cells in the subepithelial connective tissue of the oral mucosa. Topical administration of leptin significantly promoted wound healing and shortened the duration required for complete healing. Histological analysis of gingival tissue beneath the ulceration showed a denser distribution of blood vessels in the leptin-treated group. Although the proliferation and differentiation of RT7 cells were not affected by leptin, the migration of these cells was accelerated in the presence of leptin. Topically administered leptin was shown to promote wound healing in the oral mucosa by accelerating epithelial cell migration and enhancing angiogenesis around the wounded area. These results strongly suggest that topical administration of leptin may be useful as a treatment to promote wound healing in the oral mucosa.

Esophageal heterotopic gastric mucosa in esophageal atresia

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Lachlan J.R. Harrison

2018-05-01

Full Text Available Heterotopic gastric mucosa (HGM is occasionally found at endoscopy in the proximal esophagus of adults and children, when it manifests as an asymptomatic small island of reddish pink mucosa just below the upper esophageal sphincter. There are few reports of esophageal HGM detected by endoscopy after repair of esophageal atresia (EA with tracheo-esophageal fistula (TEF. We report a child with multiple patches of HGM in the proximal and distal esophagus seen at endoscopy after EA/TEF repair. No obvious symptoms were related to the HGM and she remains under endoscopic surveillance. The incidence of esophageal HGM may be increased in patients with EA and its distribution can be more extensive than a simple “inlet patch”. There is evidence to suggest that esophageal HGM increases the risk of developing Barrett's esophagus and has a malignant potential. Heterotopic gastric mucosa extends the spectrum of potential pathologies affecting the esophagus in patients with EA/TEF and supports current international guidelines for endoscopic surveillance of these patients. Keywords: Tracheo-esophageal fistula, Ectopic mucosa, Esophageal malignancy

O modelo de tomasello sobre a evolução cognitivo-linguística humana

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Sylvio Állan

Full Text Available O presente trabalho buscou apresentar o modelo de Michael Tomasello sobre a evolução da cognição humana e uma teoria, derivada desse modelo, sobre a aquisição e o desenvolvimento de competências linguístico-simbólicas. Tomasello propõe que a aquisição e o desenvolvimento simbólico dependem de uma cognição cultural exclusivamente humana, mas derivada de adaptações biológicas características da cognição primata. Essas propostas constituem alternativas para as abordagens tradicionais do desenvolvimento cognitivo e linguístico-simbólico humano, uma vez que: (1 destacam aspectos biológicos e culturais como determinantes da cognição humana; (2 consideram as atividades humanas como essencialmente simbólicas; (3 fornecem uma nova concepção de linguagem.

In vitro culturing of porcine tracheal mucosa as an ideal model for investigating the influence of drugs on human respiratory mucosa.

Science.gov (United States)

Stennert, Eberhard; Siefer, Oliver; Zheng, Meihua; Walger, Martin; Mickenhagen, Axel

2008-09-01

It has been previously shown that fresh mucosa from different mammals could serve as raw material for in vitro culturing with the differentiation of cilia, which are the most important morphological structures for the function of the mucociliary system. Increasing legal restrictions on the removal of human tissue and changing surgical techniques have led to a lack of fresh human mucosa for culturing. Most of the animals that have been used as donors up to now are genetically not very close to human beings and must all be sacrificed for such studies. We, therefore, established a modified system of culturing mucosa cells from the trachea of pigs, which is available as a regular by-product after slaughtering. With respect to the possibility of developing "beating" cilia, it could be shown that the speed of cell proliferation until adhesion to the coated culture dishes, the formation of conjunctions of cell clusters and the proliferation of cilia were comparable for porcine and human mucosa. Moreover, it could be demonstrated that the porcine cilia beat frequency of 7.57 +/- 1.39 Hz was comparable to the human mucosa cells beat frequency of 7.3 +/- 1.4 Hz and that this beat frequency was absolutely constant over the investigation time of 360 min. In order to prove whether the reaction to different drugs is comparable between the porcine and human cilia, we initially tested benzalkonium chloride, which is known to be toxic for human cells, followed by naphazoline, which we found in previous studies on human mucosa to be non-toxic. The results clearly showed that the functional and morphological reactions of the porcine ciliated cells to these substances were similar to the reaction we found in the in vitro cultured human mucosa.

Radiation tolerance of the vaginal mucosa

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Hintz, b.L.; Kagan, A.R.; Chan, P.; Gilbert, H.A.; Nussbaum, H.; Rao, A.R.; Wollin, M.

1980-01-01

Sixteen patients with cancer of the vagina that were controlled locally for a minimum of eighteen months after teletherpay (T) or brachytherapy (B) or both (T and B), were analyzed for radiation tolerance of the vaginal mucosa. The site of vaginal necrosis did not always coincide with the site of the tumor. The posterior wall appeared more vulnerable than the anterior or lateral walls. For the distal vaginal mucosa, necrosis requiring surgical intervention occurred following combined T and B, if summated rad exceeded9800. The upper vagina tolerated higher dosages. No patient surgery for upper vaginal necrosis even though summated (T and B) dosage up to 14,000 rad was applied. Placing radioactive needles on the surface of the vaginal cylinder with or without interstitial perincal needles should be avoided. Further accumulation of data is needed to define these vaginal mucosa tolerance limits more closely

Aspectos Bioéticos Relacionados con el Comienzo y el Valor de la Vida Humana

OpenAIRE

León C, A

2000-01-01

Los opiniones acerca del comienzo de la vida humana han seguido dos vías de acción: 1. En términos de las conclusiones acerca del comienzo real de la vida humana, las cuales comprenden desde el momento de la concepción y hasta los diversos estados del desarrollo fetal, viabilidad y hasta cierto tiempo luego del nacimiento; 2. En términos de los criterios utilizados para determinar el comienzo de la vida humana: a) biológico-individual, b) racional, c) múltiple y d) la concesión de derechos po...

Ansiedade e impaciência: cânceres sociais na Educação e Relações Humanas

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Antonio Mendes Silva Filho

2016-02-01

Full Text Available Os hábitos dizem muito da natureza humana e podem ajudar ou dificultar a formação humana. Aristóteles nos ensina a entender a natureza humana quando diz que “somos aquilo que fazemos repetidamente”. Hábitos consistem de padrões comportamentais realizados costumeiramente, frutos da frequente repetição de atos. Portanto, hábitos constituem traços que seres humanos podem desenvolver ao longo da vida. Os hábitos ajudam a compreender a natureza humana, pois eles os acompanham ao longo da vida como virtudes ou defeitos. Mas, a virtude torna-se em vício se mal aplicada. Este artigo explora e discute hábitos, cânceres sociais, que têm afetado a educação e relações humanas

Fraccionando la microbiota gastrointestinal humana

OpenAIRE

Peris Bondia, Francisco

2012-01-01

La microbiota gastrointestinal humana es una de las comunidades microbianas más diversa y compleja que se puede encontrar en la naturaleza. Las nuevas tecnologías de secuenciación permiten obtener una amplia visión de la diversidad microbiana, lo que ha revelado una gran cantidad de bacterias no cultivables. A pesar del potencial de estas tecnologías de alto rendimiento la metagenómica no muestra la imagen completa. La citometría de flujo es una metodología que permite describir y/o separa...

[Effect of nasogastric tube on esophageal mucosa].

Science.gov (United States)

Barinagarrementeria, R; Blancas Valencia, J M; Teramoto Matsubara, O; de la Garza González, S

1991-01-01

We studied 30 patients. 20 were males and 10 females. Mean age was 48 year old. Esophageal disease was not present neither gastro-esophageal reflux. Biopsy was taken between 24 hours and 25 days after nasogastric tube (NG) was put into place. Endoscopic findings were: hyperemic mucosa, submucosal hemorrhage, clots, erosions and ulcers near Esophago-gastric junction. Intraepithelial edema, vessel congestion, polymorphonuclear infiltration, fibrin thrombosis of submucosal vessels, ischemia, epithelial regeneration and ulcer were common histologic findings. All endoscopic and histologic alterations were related to the length of time of NG tube contact with the esophageal mucosa. We concluded that NG tube damages the esophageal mucosa by two mechanisms: a) Local irritation that favors b) gastric reflux by decreasing lower esophageal sphincter pressure.

Fonoaudiología y lactancia humana

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Karen Eliana Ramírez-Gómez

2017-04-01

Conclusiones. Se ratificó la acción del fonoaudiólogo como especialista en la organización desde la correlación anatómica y funcional de estructuras y órganos involucrados, tanto en la madre como en el infante, durante la lactancia. Además, se comprobó la pertinencia de la metodología IAP durante la consejería en fonoaudiología en entornos comunitarios y lactancia humana.

Aspectos médico legales de la clonación humana

OpenAIRE

Marco Mairena Navarro; Ramón Zamora Montes

2002-01-01

Las técnicas de reproducción asistida, y entre ellas la clonación humana, suscitan interrogantes éticas. Su empleo promete beneficios para la humanidad y, específicamente para parejas infértiles la satisfacción de ser madres y padres. En este artículo se debaten las regulaciones y las implicaciones jurídicas de dicha actividad, actualizándonos en el acontecer mundial y nacional del tema. Se argumenta que la clonación humana ya es una realidad y como si esta técnica se regula promueve la vida ...

Impairment of aminopyrine clearance in aspirin-damaged canine gastric mucosa

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Miller, T.A.; Henagan, J.M.; Loy, T.M.

1983-01-01

Using an in vivo canine chambered stomach preparation, the clearance of [ 14 C]aminopyrine across mucosa when intravenously infused and the back-diffusion of this substance from gastric lumen to mucosa when topically applied to gastric epithelium were evaluated in aspirin-damaged gastric epithelium. In mucosa damaged by either 20 mM or 40 mM aspirin, the recovery of [ 14 C]aminopyrine, when topically mixed with acid (pH . 1.1) perfusate solution, was not significantly different from nondamaged control mucosa. In addition, the degree of ''trapping'' of this substance from back-diffusion was not different in damaged mucosa from that observed in nondamaged epithelium. In contrast, when [ 14 C]aminopyrine was intravenously infused, its clearance was significantly impaired in aspirin-damaged mucosa when compared with control studies, as evidenced by the increased ''trapping'' of this substance in injured epithelium. These findings indicate that movement of aminopyrine from plasma to gastric lumen is impaired in damaged epithelium, making the aminopyrine clearance technique an unreliable method to accurately measure absolute gastric blood flow in this experimental setting

La consultoría de gestión humana en empresas medianas1

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Esteban López Zapata

2010-01-01

Full Text Available El artículo es resultado de una investigación que busca describir el mercado de la consultoría de gestión humana para empresas medianas de Medellín. Se identifican el concepto y las características de la consultoría gerencial y se plantea su pertinencia para cada proceso de gestión humana. Con una muestra de 57 empresas medianas y 19 empresas consultoras, se analiza el comportamiento de la demanda y la oferta en el contexto local. Se identifican los atributos de las empresas demandantes y sus dependencias de gestión humana, la composición de las empresas consultoras, las necesidades y ofertas de consultoría actuales y futuras, el proceso de compra y las dificultades frecuentes de los proyectos de consultoría.

Histopathologic study of human vocal fold mucosa unphonated over a decade.

Science.gov (United States)

Sato, Kiminori; Umeno, Hirohito; Ono, Takeharu; Nakashima, Tadashi

2011-12-01

Mechanotransduction caused by vocal fold vibration could possibly be an important factor in the maintenance of extracellular matrices and layered structure of the human adult vocal fold mucosa as a vibrating tissue after the layered structure has been completed. Vocal fold stellate cells (VFSCs) in the human maculae flavae of the vocal fold mucosa are inferred to be involved in the metabolism of extracellular matrices of the vocal fold mucosa. Maculae flavae are also considered to be an important structure in the growth and development of the human vocal fold mucosa. Tension caused by phonation (vocal fold vibration) is hypothesized to stimulate the VFSCs to accelerate production of extracellular matrices. A human adult vocal fold mucosa unphonated over a decade was investigated histopathologically. Vocal fold mucosa unphonated for 11 years and 2 months of a 64-year-old male with cerebral hemorrhage was investigated by light and electron microscopy. The vocal fold mucosae (including maculae flavae) were atrophic. The vocal fold mucosa did not have a vocal ligament, Reinke's space or a layered structure. The lamina propria appeared as a uniform structure. Morphologically, the VFSCs synthesized fewer extracellular matrices, such as fibrous protein and glycosaminoglycan. Consequently, VFSCs appeared to decrease their level of activity.

Fundamentos filosóficos de la dignidad humana y su incidencia en los derechos humanos

OpenAIRE

Torres Bardales, Coloníbol

2015-01-01

El ser humano tiene dos vidas. Una física y otra humana. Ambas son diferentes pero están íntimamente relacionadas. La vida humana no es biológica, no es la persona de carne y huesos; no son los músculos ni la masa encefálica, ni los demás órganos que le dan existencia física. Su origen se encuentra en la organización de la sociedad, en las instituciones sociales, y entre ellas, la familia es clave fundamental. La dignidad humana es el epicentro de la constitución política del Estado, base fil...

A mucosa oral na hanseníase: um estudo clínico e histopatológico The oral mucosa in leprosy: a clinical and histopathological study

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Marilda Aparecida Milanez Morgado de Abreu

2006-06-01

Full Text Available INTRODUÇÃO: a anseníase multibacilar pode causar comprometimento da mucosa oral, com ou sem lesões aparentes. Há poucos estudos que tratam deste assunto na era da multidrogaterapia. OBJETIVO: Verificar a freqüência do comprometimento da mucosa oral em pacientes de hanseníase multibacilar. CASUÍSTICA E MÉTODOS: Foi realizado um estudo transversal em vinte pacientes de hanseníase multibacilar, não-tratados, atendidos consecutivamente em Dracena, São Paulo, entre o período de 2000 e 2002. Foi realizado exame clínico completo da mucosa oral. Os pacientes foram submetidos a biópsias na mucosa jugal, na língua e no palato mole, em alteração ou em pontos pré-estabelecidos. Os cortes foram corados pelas técnicas da hematoxilina-eosina e Ziehl-Neelsen. O encontro de granuloma e bacilos álcool-ácido-resistentes ao exame histopatológico determinou o comprometimento específico. RESULTADOS: O estudo envolveu 19 pacientes multibacilares com tempo médio de evolução de 2,5 anos. Ocorreu comprometimento histopatológico específico em apenas um paciente virchowiano, com mucosa oral clinicamente normal, na língua e no palato mole. CONCLUSÕES: 1. Alteração clínica na mucosa oral não implica em comprometimento pela doença, é necessário confirmação histopatológica. 2. Alterações clínicas específicas aparentes são raras. 3. A mucosa oral clinicamente normal pode exibir comprometimento histopatológico específico.INTRODUCTION: Multibacillary leprosy may involve the oral mucosa, with or without apparent lesions. There are few studies that deal with this issue in the era of multidrug therapy. AIM: To assess the frequence of oral mucosa involvement in multibacillary leprosy patients. PATIENTS AND METHODS: A transversal study with twenty non-treated multibacillary leprosy patients. The patients were treated in Dracena, São Paulo, between 2000 and 2002. Clinical examination of the oral mucosa was carried out. All patients were

La condición humana desde la visión socio-antropológico-cultural del ser humano

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Dr. Cs. Homero Calixto Fuentes-González

2015-10-01

Full Text Available Se incursiona en la búsqueda de respuestas sobre la condición humana del sujeto contemporáneo, en la relación entre su existencia y esencia, para interpretar el desarrollo de la cultura desde el proceso de construcción del conocimiento científico acerca del ser humano como ser vivo que interactúa con el medio, lo transforma y se transforma a sí mismo, condicionando su naturaleza biológica y ecológica, en la unidad con lo social y lo espiritual.Al considerar el desarrollo de la condición humana se hace indispensable el reconocimiento de los estadios del progreso filogenético del ser humano, significando que son expresión de la identidad humana, la sensibilidad humana cultural y lo humano universal que trascienden en una sucesión continua y sistemática cuando se interpreta el desarrollo humano y se cualifica como dignidad humana en constante transformación.

The bacteriology of the small intestinal mucosa of free-living reindeer

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Wenche Sørmo

1994-12-01

Full Text Available Bacteria in close associaton with the intestinal mucosa are thought to protect the mucosa from pathogenic microorganisms. The pH of the small intestinal mucosa and the viable populations of aerobic and anaerobic bacteria associated with the proximal and distal jejunal mucosa, were measured in four free-living reindeer in winter. The anaerobic bacterial populations were characterized. The median pH of the mucosa of the duodenum was 6.6 (n=4 at point 0.2 m from the pyloric sphincter. The mucosal pH increased along the length of the intestine to 8.3 at 14 m and then decreased to 7.9 at 19.8 m from the pyloric sphincter. Examination by transmission electron microscopy and cultivation techniques failed to reveal any bacteria on the mucosa of the proximal jejunum in two of the animals. In two other reindeer the median anaerobic bacterial densities in the proximal jejunum ranged from 25-2500 cells/g mucosa. The median anaerobic bacterial populations in the distal jejunum ranged from 80 to 20000 bacteria/g mucosa (n=4. The anaerobic population of bacteria in the proximal jejunum was dominated by streptococci and unidentified gram positive rods. Bacteroidaceae, streptococci and unidentified gram positive rods were common in the distal jejunum. The low density and the species diversity of bacteria in the small intestine suggests that these microorganisms are inhibited by components in the natural winter diet of reindeer. Bacteria evidently play a minor role in protection of the mucosa of reindeer in winter.

75 FR 70703 - Humana Insurance Company a Division of Carenetwork, Inc. Front End Operations and Account...

Science.gov (United States)

2010-11-18

... DEPARTMENT OF LABOR Employment and Training Administration [TA-W-74,281] Humana Insurance Company... negative determination regarding the eligibility of workers and former workers of Humana Insurance Company... workers in the group threatened with total or partial separation from employment on date of certification...

LA GERENCIA DEL TALENTO HUMANO BAJO LA PERSPECTIVA DE LA CONDICIÓN HUMANA

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OMAR CABRALES SALAZAR

2009-01-01

Full Text Available El artículo destaca la importancia de los atributos de la condición humana y del desarrollo del potencial humano en la optimización de las competencias de los gerentes de hoy. Se plantea que con el propósito de mejorar la gestión del talento humano y poder comprender y gestionar mejor a su equipo de trabajo, el gerente debe conocer cuáles son los atributos de la condición humana y cómo desarrollar las competencias para trabajarlos con optimismo, de manera tal que implemente estrategias para la mejora del talento de su gente. En este marco el talento se observa como una variable inagotable y susceptible de permanente desarrollo. El documento concluye haciendo un llamado al reconocimiento de la condición humana en las organizaciones, como estrategia necesaria para afrontar las inequidades de la sociedad actual.

Biomodelo para la evaluación de cepas atenuadas como candidatos vacunales contra el cólera humano. I. Estudio de la virulencia, capacidad de colonización y adherencia a la mucosa intestinal

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Reynaldo Oliva

2008-04-01

Full Text Available El cólera continúa siendo en muchos países un problema para la salud humana, manteniéndose como una enfermedad epidémica o endémica que afecta tanto a niños como adultos y causa la muerte en casos no tratados. Una vacuna viva oral contra esta enfermedad puede ser la solución. En el presente trabajo se seleccionó y aplicó un biomodelo para la evaluación de cepas atenuadas genéticamente de Vibrio cholerae como candidatas vacunales contra el cólera. La virulencia, capacidad de colonización y adherencia a la mucosa intestinal de las cepas fueron evaluadas mediante el uso de ratones neonatos de 2 a 4 días de nacidos de la línea Balb/c, con un peso entre 1,5-2 g. Los resultados obtenidos con este biomodelo demostraron que las cepas atenuadas genéticamente son no virulentas, colonizan y se adhieren a la mucosa intestinal. Se concluye que el biomodelo utilizado permite la evaluación y selección de cepas candidatas para vacunas vivas orales contra el cólera.

A simple method to take urethral sutures for neobladder reconstruction and radical prostatectomy

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B Satheesan

2007-01-01

Full Text Available For the reconstruction of urethra-vesical anastamosis after radical prostatectomy and for neobladder reconstruction, taking adequate sutures to include the urethral mucosa is vital. Due to the retraction of the urethra and unfriendly pelvis, the process of taking satisfactory urethral sutures may be laborious. Here, we describe a simple method by which we could overcome similar technical problems during surgery using Foley catheter as the guide for the suture.

Serous otitis media and immunological reactions in the middle ear mucosa

NARCIS (Netherlands)

van der Baan, S.; Seldenrijk, C. A.; Henzen-Logmans, S. C.; Drexhage, H. A.

1988-01-01

An immunohistochemical study was performed on the middle ear mucosa of 21 children with chronic serous otitis media (SOM). In 86% of the patients a highly organized lymphatic tissue was found in the middle ear mucosa which can be regarded as part of the mucosa associated lymphoid tissue (MALT).

[Oral mucosa graft urethroplasty for complicated urethral strictures].

Science.gov (United States)

Horiguchi, Akio; Sumitomo, Makoto; Kanbara, Taiki; Tsujita, Yujiro; Yoshii, Takahiko; Yoshii, Hidehiko; Satoh, Akinori; Asakuma, Junichi; Ito, Keiichi; Hayakawa, Masamichi; Asano, Tomohiko

2010-03-01

We evaluated the efficacy and outcome of one-stage oral mucosa graft urethroplasty, which is currently the procedure of choice for treating lengthy and complicated urethral strictures not amenable to excision and primary end-to-end anastomosis. Seven patients 33 to 74 years old (mean age = 53.7) underwent one-stage oral mucosa graft urethroplasty for a stricture in either the bulbar urethra (four patients), penile urethra (two patients), or pan-anterior urethra (one patient). Three of the strictures were due to trauma, one was due to inflammation, and one was due to a failed hypospadia repair. The other two were iatrogenic. All patients had previously undergone either internal urethrotomy or repeated urethral dilation. Three patients received a tube graft, three received a ventral onlay, and one received a dorsal onlay. A free graft of oral mucosa was harvested from the inside of each patient's left cheek, and if necessary to obtain a sufficient length, the harvest was extended to include mucosa from the lower lip and the right cheek. The graft lengths ranged from 2.5 to 12 cm (mean = 4.6 cm). A urethral catheter was left in place for 3 weeks postoperatively. While no severe complications at the donor site were observed during follow-up periods ranging from 3 to 55 months (mean = 14 months), two patients who had received a tube graft developed distal anastomotic ring strictures that were managed by internal urethrotomy. The other five required no postoperative urological procedure even though one who had received a ventral onlay developed a penoscrotal fistula. Oral mucosa is an ideal urethral graft, and oral mucosa graft urethroplasty is an effective procedure for repairing complicated urethral strictures involving long portions of the urethra.

Dopamine receptors in human gastrointestinal mucosa

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Hernandez, D.E.; Mason, G.A.; Walker, C.H.; Valenzuela, J.E.

1987-01-01

Dopamine is a putative enteric neurotransmitter that has been implicated in exocrine secretory and motility functions of the gastrointestinal tract of several mammalian species including man. This study was designed to determine the presence of dopamine binding sites in human gastric and duodenal mucosa and to describe certain biochemical characteristics of these enteric receptor sites. The binding assay was performed in triplicate with tissue homogenates obtained from healthy volunteers of both sexes using 3 H-dopamine as a ligand. The extent of nonspecific binding was determined in the presence of a 100-fold excess of unlabeled dopamine. Scatchard analysis performed with increasing concentrations of 3 H-dopamine (20-500 nM) revealed a single class of saturable dopamine binding sites in gastric and duodenal mucosa. The results of this report demonstrate the presence of specific dopamine receptors in human gastric and duodenal mucosa. These biochemical data suggest that molecular abnormalities of these receptor sites may be operative in the pathogenesis of important gastrointestinal disorders. 33 references, 2 figures

La comunicación humana : principios básicos

OpenAIRE

Viana Orta, María Isabel

2012-01-01

Principios básicos de la comunicación humana. Comunicación oral, no verbal y persuasiva. El material forma parte de cursos de formación en temas de resolución de conflictos, comunicación y mediación.

Microstructure imaging of human rectal mucosa using multiphoton microscopy

Science.gov (United States)

Liu, N. R.; Chen, G.; Chen, J. X.; Yan, J.; Zhuo, S. M.; Zheng, L. Q.; Jiang, X. S.

2011-01-01

Multiphoton microscopy (MPM) has high resolution and sensitivity. In this study, MPM was used to image microstructure of human rectal mucosa. The morphology and distribution of the main components in mucosa layer, absorptive cells and goblet cells in the epithelium, abundant intestinal glands in the lamina propria and smooth muscle fibers in the muscularis mucosa were clearly monitored. The variations of these components were tightly relevant to the pathology in gastrointestine system, especially early rectal cancer. The obtained images will be helpful for the diagnosis of early colorectal cancer.

MUROS ABSURDOS E CONDIÇÃO HUMANA NA OBRA DE ALBERT CAMUS

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Patrícia Oliveira Machado

2015-04-01

Full Text Available Albert Camus descreve a condição humana como sendo contingente, frágil e absurda, para isso ele utiliza a noção de “muros absurdos”, que são situações que enfrentamos e contra as quais não podemos escapar. Se a princípio, a morte, a velhice, a desumanidade parecem experiências banais, no pensamento camusiano, elas se revelam como possibilidade de tomada de consciência do absurdo de nossa condição. Palavras-chave: absurdo; condição humana; consciência.

A study of complexity of oral mucosa using fractal geometry

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S R Shenoi

2017-01-01

Full Text Available Background: The oral mucosa lining the oral cavity is composed of epithelium supported by connective tissue. The shape of the epithelial-connective tissue interface has traditionally been used to describe physiological and pathological changes in the oral mucosa. Aim: The aim is to evaluate the morphometric complexity in normal, dysplastic, well-differentiated, and moderately differentiated squamous cell carcinoma (SCC of the oral mucosa using fractal geometry. Materials and Methods: A total of 80 periodic acid–Schiff stained histological images of four groups: normal mucosa, dysplasia, well-differentiated SCC, and moderately differentiated SCC were verified by the gold standard. These images were then subjected to fractal analysis. Statistical Analysis: ANOVA and post hoc test: Bonferroni was applied. Results: Fractal dimension (FD increases as the complexity increases from normal to dysplasia and then to SCC. Normal buccal mucosa was found to be significantly different from dysplasia and the two grades of SCC (P < 0.05. ANOVA of fractal scores of four morphometrically different groups of buccal mucosa was significantly different with F (3,76 = 23.720 and P< 0.01. However, FD of dysplasia was not significantly different from well-differentiated and moderately differentiated SCC (P = 1.000 and P = 0.382, respectively. Conclusion: This study establishes FD as a newer tool in differentiating normal tissue from dysplastic and neoplastic tissue. Fractal geometry is useful in the study of both physiological and pathological changes in the oral mucosa. A new grading system based on FD may emerge as an adjuvant aid in cancer diagnosis.

One-stage and two-stage penile buccal mucosa urethroplasty

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G. Barbagli

2016-03-01

Full Text Available The paper provides the reader with the detailed description of current techniques of one-stage and two-stage penile buccal mucosa urethroplasty. The paper provides the reader with the preoperative patient evaluation paying attention to the use of diagnostic tools. The one-stage penile urethroplasty using buccal mucosa graft with the application of glue is preliminary showed and discussed. Two-stage penile urethroplasty is then reported. A detailed description of first-stage urethroplasty according Johanson technique is reported. A second-stage urethroplasty using buccal mucosa graft and glue is presented. Finally postoperative course and follow-up are addressed.

Reação liquenoide à carbamazepina em mucosa bucal: relato de caso Lichenoid reaction to carbamazepine in the oral mucosa: case report

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Gabriela Artico

2011-08-01

Full Text Available As reações liquenoides por drogas são mais comuns na pele, mas também podem ocorrer na mucosa bucal. Estas lesões são de difícil diagnóstico por causa de sua semelhança clínica com às do líquen plano oral idiopático. O presente artigo relata um caso de reação liquenoide em mucosa bucal, associado ao uso de carbamazepina, no qual o processo de diagnóstico é enfatizadoLichenoid drug reactions are more commom in skin, but they may also occur in the oral mucosa. It is difficult to diagnose these lesions due to their clinical similarity to the idiopathic oral lichen planus lesions. The present article reports a case of lichenoid reaction in oral mucosa associated to the use of carbamazepine, emphasizing the diagnostic process

Speech and swallowing outcomes in buccal mucosa carcinoma

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Sunila John

2011-01-01

Full Text Available Buccal carcinoma is one of the most common malignant neoplasms among all oral cancers in India. Understanding the role of speech language pathologists (SLPs in the domains of evaluation and management strategies of this condition is limited, especially in the Indian context. This is a case report of a young adult with recurrent squamous cell carcinoma of the buccal mucosa with no deleterious habits usually associated with buccal mucosa carcinoma. Following composite resection, pectoralis major myocutaneous flap reconstruction, he developed severe oral dysphagia and demonstrated unintelligible speech. This case report focuses on the issues of swallowing and speech deficits in buccal mucosa carcinoma that need to be addressed by SLPs, and the outcomes of speech and swallowing rehabilitation and prognostic issues.

Harvesting oral mucosa for one-stage anterior urethroplasty

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Sanjay Balwant Kulkarni

2014-01-01

Full Text Available Oral mucosa has been the most popular substitute material for urethral reconstructive surgery because it is easy to harvest, is easy to access, has a concealed donor site scar, and obviates most of the problems associated with other grafts. However, the success of using oral mucosa for urethral surgery is mainly attributed to the biological properties of this tissue. Herein, the surgical steps of harvesting oral mucosa from the inner cheek are presented with an emphasis on tips and tricks to render the process easier and more reproducible and to prevent intra and post-operative complications. The following steps are emphasized: Nasal intubation, ovoid shape graft, delicate harvesting leaving the muscle intact, donor site closure and removal of submucosal tissue.

[Redo urethroplasty with buccal mucosa].

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Rosenbaum, C M; Ernst, L; Engel, O; Dahlem, R; Fisch, M; Kluth, L A

2017-10-01

Urethral strictures can occur on the basis of trauma, infections, iatrogenic-induced or idiopathic and have a great influence on the patient's quality of life. The current prevalence rate of male urethral strictures is 0.6% in industrialized western countries. The favored form of treatment has experienced a transition from less invasive interventions, such as urethrotomy or urethral dilatation, to more complex open surgical reconstruction. Excision and primary end-to-end anastomosis and buccal mucosa graft urethroplasty are the most frequently applied interventions with success rates of more than 80%. Risk factors for stricture recurrence after urethroplasty are penile stricture location, the length of the stricture (>4 cm) and prior repeated endoscopic therapy attempts. Radiation-induced urethral strictures also have a worse outcome. There are various therapy options in the case of stricture recurrence after a failed urethroplasty. In the case of short stricture recurrences, direct vision urethrotomy shows success rates of approximately 60%. In cases of longer or more complex stricture recurrences, redo urethroplasty should be the therapy of choice. Success rates are higher than after urethrotomy and almost comparable to those of primary urethroplasty. Patient satisfaction after redo urethroplasty is high. Primary buccal mucosa grafting involves a certain rate of oral morbidity. In cases of a redo urethroplasty with repeated buccal mucosa grafting, oral complications are only slightly higher.

Telomere shortening in the colonic mucosa of patients with ulcerative colitis.

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Kinouchi, Y; Hiwatashi, N; Chida, M; Nagashima, F; Takagi, S; Maekawa, H; Toyota, T

1998-06-01

Telomere length in human somatic cells gradually decreases with the number of cell divisions and is regarded as a marker of somatic cell turnover. Mucosal cells of the affected colon show rapid turnover in individuals with active ulcerative colitis (UC). Telomere length was determined by Southern blot analysis of terminal restriction fragments (TRFs) from the colonic mucosa of 17 patients with UC in remission, two of whom showed dysplasia, and 17 control subjects without colitis. For each individual, mean TRF length was compared between rectal mucosa and unaffected cecal mucosa. The mean TRF length of the rectal mucosa was significantly less than that of cecal mucosa in UC patients (7.87 +/- 0.36kb versus 8.77 +/- 0.21 kb; P = 0.0015, Wilcoxon signed rank test), whereas no significant difference was detected in the control subjects. The extent of telomere shortening was 10.6 +/- 3.35% in UC patients, compared with 0.8 +/- 0.64% in noncolitis controls (P = 0.0024, Mann-Whitney U-test). Four UC patients, two of whom had dysplasia, showed telomere shortening of more than 20% in the rectal mucosa. These observations suggest that telomere shortening in the colonic mucosa of individuals with UC may represent the history of mucosal inflammation during disease of long duration, and that it may contribute to aneuploidy in UC.

Epidemiologia da raiva humana na Guanabara

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Alfredo R. Matta B. da Silva

1971-08-01

Full Text Available A raiva humana se mantém como problema de Saúde Pública, especialmente nas áreas urbanas, onde o cão atua como principal reservatório e fonte imediata de infecção. A deficiência de programas de controle de cães vadios, de imunização sistemática e de educação sanitária, contribui para a perpetuação da cadeia epidemiológioa. O presente estudo analisa todos os casos de raiva humana, observados em habitantes do Estado da Guanabara, no período 1965-1969, segundo as variáveis: idade, sexo, côr, variação estacional, período de incubação e de duração da fase clínica, fonte de infecção, local de mordedura e uso de vacina posterior à exposição. Os principais resultados foram: 1. A ravia na Guanabara, parece ser mais comum nos grupos etários mais jovens e nos homens. 2. Não se observou variação estacional. 3. O período de incubação mediano foi de 45 dias e de duração da fase clínica de 3 dias. 4. Ocorreu uma associação entre período de incubação menor e vacinação incompleta.

Effect of ochratoxin A on the intestinal mucosa and mucosa-associated lymphoid tissues in broiler chickens.

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Solcan, Carmen; Pavel, Geta; Floristean, Viorel Cezar; Chiriac, Ioan Sorin Beschea; Şlencu, Bogdan Gabriel; Solcan, Gheorghe

2015-03-01

The immunotoxic effect of ochratoxin A (OTA) on the intestinal mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue and its cytotoxic action on the intestinal epithelium were studied in broiler chickens experimentally treated with the toxin. From the 7th day of life, 80 male broiler chickens (Ross 308) were randomly divided into four groups of 20 birds each. The three experimental groups (E1-3) were treated with OTA for 28 days (E1: 50 μg/kg body weight [bw]/day; E2: 20 μg/kg bw/day; E3: 1 μg/kg bw/day) and the fourth group served as control. Histological examination of the intestinal mucosa and immunohistochemical staining for identification of CD4+, CD8+, TCR1 and TCR2 lymphocytes in the duodenum, jejunum and ileocaecal junction were performed, and CD4+/CD8+ and TCR1/TCR2 ratios were calculated. OTA toxicity resulted in decreased body weight gain, poorer feed conversion ratio, lower leukocyte and lymphocyte count, and altered intestinal mucosa architecture. After 14 days of exposure to OTA, immunohistochemistry showed a significant reduction of the lymphocyte population in the intestinal epithelium and the lamina propria. After 28 days of exposure, an increase in the CD4+ and CD8+ values in both the duodenum and jejunum of chickens in Groups E1 and E2 was observed, but the TCR1 and TCR2 lymphocyte counts showed a significant reduction. No significant changes were observed in Group E3. The results indicate that OTA induced a decrease in leukocyte and lymphocyte counts and was cytotoxic to the intestinal epithelium and the mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue, altering the intestinal barrier and increasing susceptibility to various associated diseases.

[Nasal mucosa in patients with diabetes mellitus].

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Müller, Maciej; Betlejewski, Stanisław

2003-01-01

Diabetes mellitus is the most common endocrinologic disease all over the world. 150 million people suffer from this disease, in Poland about 2 million. The disease on the basis of the onset and pathophysiology may be divided into type I and type II. Pathophysiologic changes include diabetic microangiopathy, macroangiopathy and neuropathy. The most common presentations in head and neck are otitis externa, hypoacusis, vertigo, disequilibrium, xerostomia, dysphagia, fungal and recurrent infections. The changes in nasal mucosa are not very well known. Only few papers concerned the problem. The main complaints of patients regarding the nose are xeromycteria, hyposmia and various degree of decreased patency of the nose. Chronic atrophic rhinitis, septal perforation, ulceration of nasal mucosa, alar necrosis, symptoms of staphylococcal or fungal infection can be found during otolaryngologic examination. The treatment in this group of patients should consist of systemic therapy of diabetes mellitus and on the other hand focal therapy with the use of a solution to moisten the nasal mucosa.

Análisis multisistémico de la comunicación humana

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José Torregrosa-Azor

2013-03-01

Full Text Available En aquest article es presenta el mètode multisistèmic per a l’anàlisi de la comunicació humana. En primer lloc, es fa una revisió del concepte comunicació humana multisistèmica que s’entén com l’intercanvi de missatges complexos que es transmeten mitjançant una modalitat combinatòria de canals físics i somàtics. Aquests missatges són codificats i descodificats per sistemes semiòtics semblants, però alhora distints, que es coestructuren internament i s’interrelacionen els uns amb els altres amb l’únic objectiu de comunicar. Així doncs, la  comunicació humana multisistèmica no només és possible a través del sistema lingüístic que ens caracteritza y diferencia com a espècie, sinó que, a més a més, hi intervenen altres sistemes semiòtics que es coestructuren internament, s’interrelacionen els uns amb els altres i són coexpressius amb el llenguatge verbal. En segon lloc, es descriuen les investigacions més rellevants en aquest camp que examinen la correlació que es produeix entre els diferents sistemes semiòtics de la comunicació humana -principalment, llenguatge, parallenguatge i kinèsica-. Per tant, l’anàlisi de la comunicació humana multisistèmica estudia no només la diversitat de sistemes semiòtics que interactuen i s’interrelacionen, sinó també els mecanismes que regulen la relació que s’hi estableix. És per això que es considera el concepte de ‘sistema’ fonamentat en la Teoria General de Sistemes, i es justifica la selecció del mot ‘multisistèmic’ com l’alternativa més clara i inequívoca. Finalment, s’exposa el procés d’anàlisi multisistèmic, la descripció de les fases analítiques i els mètodes emprats, així com també la selecció dels instruments d’anàlisi que s’hi fan servir.

Hidatidosis humana en el Perú

OpenAIRE

Luis Guerra Montero; María Ramírez Breña

2015-01-01

El objetivo de este trabajo ha sido conocer el estado de la hidatidosis humana, por la gran incidencia que presenta en nuestro país, principalmente en la región central andina. La recopilación de datos fue a partir de la revisión de fuentes primarias sobre epidemiología, el ciclo vital del parásito y del manejo del paciente afecto de Hidatidosis. Algunos hallazgos permiten afirmar que la hidatidosis es una enfermedad producida por el estado larval del cestodo Echinococcus del género Granulosu...

Reconstruction of highly contracted socket after irradiation with antral mucosa

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Tanabe, Yosihiko; Masaki, Michiyosi; Kato, Hisakazu

1999-01-01

We have repaired 3 cases of the highly contracted socket after irradiation by lining it using antral mucosa and obtained excellent results. Although this procedure requires rhinological skill to obtain the mucosa, it has an advantage leaving no visible scar at the donor site. Usually it is not difficult to obtain a sufficient quantity of the mucous membrane to line a whole socket from one antrum. Besides, it is also easy to line its surface since the shape of antral mucosa is originally in a sac form. All we have to do is making 20 mm long incision to the mucosa, putting a silicone conformer into it, and inlaying it into the graft bed. Thus, having once obtained the mucous membrane, the surgical procedure itself is a quite simple one. (author)

Comparative evaluation of eosinophils in normal mucosa, dysplastic mucosa and oral squamous cell carcinoma with hematoxylin-eosin, Congo red, and EMR1 immunohistochemical staining techniques.

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Kargahi, Neda; Razavi, Sayyed Mohammad; Deyhimi, Parviz; Homayouni, Solmaz

2015-01-01

Oral squamous cell carcinoma is the most common malignant lesion of the oral cavity, and it involves various molecular mechanisms. The development of oral squamous cell carcinoma is influenced by the host immune cells, such as eosinophils. The present study was conducted to compare the presence of eosinophils in normal mucosa, dysplastic mucosa, and oral squamous cell carcinoma by -hematoxylin- eosin staining, Congo red staining, and epidermal growth factor-like (EGF-like) module containing a mucin-like hormone receptor1 (EMR1) immunohistochemical marker. In this cross-sectional study, 60 paraffinized samples were selected, consisting of 20 normal mucosae, 20 dysplastic mucosae, and 20 squamous cell carcinoma samples. After confirmation of the diagnosis, the mean number of eosinophils was evaluated by hematoxylin-eosin, Congo red, and immunohystochemical staining techniques. The data were analyzed by SPSS-10 software using the Kruskal-Wallis and Friedman tests. The results showed that the number of eosinophils in dysplastic mucosa was significantly higher than the number in normal mucosa, and the number of eosinophils in squamous cell carcinoma was significantly higher than the number in dysplastic mucosa in all staining techniques (p<0.001). Moreover, the comparison of staining techniques showed a significantly higher number of eosinophils in EMR1immunohistochemicalmarker than were observed when Congo red and hematoxylin - eosin (H&E) staining techniques were used (p<0.001). It can be argued that eosinophil contributes to the identification of lesions that have a higher potential of malignant transformation. Moreover, eosinophil can be suggested as an indicator in the differentiation of oral lesions in cases with borderline diagnosis and in targeted molecular therapy.

A mucosa-mimetic material for the mucoadhesion testing of thermogelling semi-solids.

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da Silva, Jéssica Bassi; Khutoryanskiy, Vitaliy V; Bruschi, Marcos L; Cook, Michael T

2017-08-07

Mucosa-mimetic materials are synthetic substrates which aim to replace animal tissue in mucoadhesion experiments. One potential mucosa-mimetic material is a hydrogel comprised of N-acryloyl-d-glucosamine and 2-hydroxyethylmethacrylate, which has been investigated as a surrogate for animal mucosae in the mucoadhesion testing of tablets and solution formulations. This study aims to investigate the efficacy of this mucosa-mimetic material in the testing of thermogelling semi-solid formulations, which transition from solution to gel upon warming. Two methods for assessing mucoadhesion have been used; tensile testing and a flow-through system, which allow for investigation under dramatically different conditions. It was found that the mucosa-mimetic material was a good surrogate for buccal mucosa using both testing methods. This material may be used to replace animal tissue in these experiments, potentially reducing the number of laboratory animals used in studies of this type. Copyright © 2017 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Nd:YAG laser incision of the vesical neck in obstructive BPH

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Gilbert, Peter T. O.

2003-06-01

From February, 1995 through June, 2002, 68 patients underwent laser incision of the prostate at our clinic. By means of a 23 F cytoscope and a 600 micrometer lateral firing quartz fiber the vesical neck was incised at the 5 and 7 o'clock position at 60 W power. Total energy averaged 13648 J. Operative time did not exceed 15 minutes. General anesthesia was employed in all but one patient. 38 patients remained catheter-free whereas 30 patients were catheterized for two hours. Except for three cases, all patients were discharged on the same day, usually after the first micturition. Anti-inflammatory treatment was administered for two weeks, Cotrimoxazole for 5 days. No serious complications were encountered. Minor side effects included urinary retention (1 pat.), urinary infection (3 pat.) and retrograde ejaculation (1 pat.). Considering a mean follow-up of 21 months, the average Qmax improved enormously (25.4 ml/s versus 10.9 ml/s), as did residual urine volume (35 ml versus 95 ml) and IPSS (7.1 versus 20.5). Three patients required TUR-P 2-3 years after laser surgery and one patient underwent radical retropubic prostatectomy for prostate cancer 2 years later. In conclusion, Nd:YAG laser incision of the prostate is a simple, safe, reliable and cost-effective outpatient procedure.

Música y cerebro: influencia del arte musical en la biología humana

OpenAIRE

Siesto Sánchez, Violeta

2017-01-01

Trabajo de fin de grado. Grado en Biología. Curso académico 2016-2017 El trabajo analiza la posible influencia de la música en el desarrollo de las habilidades humanas. Se analiza la anatomía humana relacionada en el proceso, desde el sistema auditivo hasta la corteza cerebral. La segunda parte del estudio lo pone en relación con el proceso de percepción y se refiere a la relaciónd el hombre con la música a lo largo de la historia, con particular atención a la influencia que pueda haber t...

Effect of soybean-lecithin as an enhancer of buccal mucosa absorption of insulin.

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Tian, Weiqun; Hu, Qiaolin; Xu, Ying; Xu, Yi

2012-01-01

Transmucosal delivery is a suitable route for insulin non-injection administration. In order to understand how insulin passes through mucosa with soybean-lecithin as an enhancing absorption. The penetration rate of insulin molecular through porcine buccal mucosa was investigated by measuring transbuccal fluxes in the Ussing Chambers. The imaging morphology of rabbits buccal mucosa was analyzed by using non-contact mode atomic force microscopy. The permeation rate can be increased by co-administration of soybean-lecithin. Untreated buccal mucosa showed relatively smooth surface characteristics, with many small crater-like pits and indentations spread over mucosa surfaces. Buccal mucosa that had been treated with 1.0% (w/v) sodium deoxycholic acid (pH 7.4) appeared to much more indentations characteristic, which treated with 2.5% (w/v) soybean-lecithin (pH 7.4) and 2.5% (w/v) Azone or laurocapram (pH 7.4) appeared rather different, the surface mucosa treated with soybean-lecithin emulsion showed a fine, rippling effect whereas those exposed to Azone display a more coarse, undulating surface feature. As a result of that Azone could damage the surface of the buccal mucosa, but soybean-lecithin could not. This study demonstrated that soybean-lecithin is a better and safer enhancer for insulin transmucosal delivery.

Squamous cell carcinoma of buccal mucosa: An analysis of prognostic factors

OpenAIRE

Saurabh Bobdey; Jignasa Sathwara; Aanchal Jain; Sushma Saoba; Ganesh Balasubramaniam

2018-01-01

Introduction: Carcinoma of the buccal mucosa is the most common oral cavity cancer in the Indian subcontinent. The aim of this study was to analyze the outcome and evaluate prognostic factors in surgically treated buccal mucosa squamous cell carcinoma (BMSCC) patients. Materials and Methods: A retrospective study was performed by reviewing the medical records of 409 pathologically proven buccal mucosa cancer patients, who were diagnosed and surgically treated in Tata Memorial Hospital between...

Periodismo de Frontera y Dignidad Humana

OpenAIRE

Cetina Presuel, Rodrigo (ed.); Gutiérrez Atala, Fernando (ed.); Corredoira y Alfonso, Loreto (ed.)

2017-01-01

El presente libro explora cuál es el papel del Derecho y la Ética de la información en la protección de la dignidad humana, particularmente en relación con las actividades informativas que se dan en ámbitos transfronterizos, ya sea entre países colindantes o entre países y organizaciones que tienen influencia regional y en los asuntos internos de otros terceros países. Entre otros temas, el libro también mira hacia procesos de paz como el vivido en Colombia y por extensión analiza temas a...

Intestinal alkaline phosphatase in the colonic mucosa of children with inflammatory bowel disease

Science.gov (United States)

Molnár, Kriszta; Vannay, Ádám; Szebeni, Beáta; Bánki, Nóra Fanni; Sziksz, Erna; Cseh, Áron; Győrffy, Hajnalka; Lakatos, Péter László; Papp, Mária; Arató, András; Veres, Gábor

2012-01-01

AIM: To investigate intestinal alkaline phosphatase (iAP) in the intestinal mucosa of children with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). METHODS: Colonic biopsy samples were taken from 15 newly diagnosed IBD patients and from 10 healthy controls. In IBD patients, specimens were obtained both from inflamed and non-inflamed areas. The iAP mRNA and protein expression was determined by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction and Western blotting analysis, respectively. Tissue localization of iAP and Toll-like receptor (TLR) 4 was investigated by immunofluorescent staining. RESULTS: The iAP protein level in the inflamed mucosa of children with Crohn’s disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC) was significantly decreased when compared with controls (both P < 0.05). Similarly, we found a significantly decreased level of iAP protein in the inflamed mucosa in CD compared with non-inflamed mucosa in CD (P < 0.05). In addition, the iAP protein level in inflamed colonic mucosa in patients with UC was decreased compared with non-inflamed mucosa in patients with CD (P < 0.05). iAP protein levels in the non-inflamed mucosa of patients with CD were similar to controls. iAP mRNA expression in inflamed colonic mucosa of children with CD and UC was not significantly different from that in non-inflamed colonic mucosa with CD. Expression of iAP mRNA in patients with non-inflamed mucosa and in controls were similar. Co-localization of iAP with TLR4 showed intense staining with a dotted-like pattern. iAP was present in the inflamed and non-inflamed mucosa of patients with CD, UC, and in control biopsy specimens, irrespective of whether it was present in the terminal ileum or in the colon. However, the fluorescent signal of TLR4 was more pronounced in the colon compared with the terminal ileum in all groups studied. CONCLUSION: Lower than normal iAP protein levels in inflamed mucosa of IBD patients may indicate a role for iAP in inflammatory lesions in IBD. Based on our results

Leishmaniasis mucosa y otras lesiones destructivas centrofaciales

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G. Rodríguez

1994-12-01

Full Text Available Varias enfermedades producen lesiones del área centrofacial. Una de las más frecuentes en nuestro medio es la leishmaniasis destructivas mucosa. Como el INS es un centro de estudio de leishmaniasis, se atendieron pacientes o sus biopsias con afecciones del macizo centrofacial, primariamente remitidas con el diagnóstico clínico de leihsmaniasis mucosa. En un período de 7 años (1987-1993, se estudiaron 134 biopsias de estos pacientes. El diagnóstico de leishmaniasis mucosa fue definitivo en 26 casos, por demostración del amastigote con la coloración de hematoxilina eosina y el mismo diagnóstico se estableció por patrón histopatológico solamente, en 27 casos. Una técnica inmunoenzimática para demostrar los amastigotes no fue satisfactoria. La perforación banal del tabique nasal (52 biopsias es la entidad que el clínico y el patólogo confunden con mayor frecuencia con la leishmaniasis mucosa. Otras entidades demostradas fueron la paracoccidioidomicosis (3, histoplasmosis (2, rinosporidiosis (2. esporotricosis (l, tuberculosis bucal (3, lepra leprornatosa (l, escleroma nasal (2, granulomatosis de Wegener (2, linfomas angiocéntricos (4, aspiración crónica de cocaína (l, y carcinoma escamocelular palatino (1. La biopsia, luego de la historia clínica, es el pilar esencial para identificar y manejar adecuadamente estas lesiones, que pueden originar destrucción facial grave, a veces letal, si no se dispone del diagnóstico preciso y del tratamiento oportuno.

Mitos y tabúes en la sexualidad humana

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Ignacio González Labrador

2002-06-01

Full Text Available Se realizan consideraciones muy generales sobre el origen de los géneros y cómo esta formación favorece la presencia de mitos y tabúes en la expresión de la sexualidad de la pareja humana.Very general considerations are presented on the origin of genders and how this formation has favored myths and taboos in the expression of the human couple's sexuality.

Efeito protetor da lactoferrina humana no trato gastrintestinal Efecto protector de la lactoferrina humana en el sistema gastrointestinal Protective effect of human lactoferrin in the gastrointestinal tract

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Valterlinda Alves de O. Queiroz

2013-03-01

Full Text Available OBJETIVO: Descrever os mecanismos de ação da lactoferrina humana na proteção de morbidades gastrintestinais. FONTES DE DADOS: Revisão não sistemática da literatura utilizando como estratégia de busca pesquisa bibliográfica em bases de dados, as quais incluíram SciELO, Lilacs e MedLine entre 1990 e 2011. Os descritores utilizados foram: lactoferrina, leite materno/humano, gastrintestinal e imunidade, nos idiomas português e inglês. SÍNTESE DOS DADOS: A lactoferrina é a segunda proteína predominante no leite humano, com concentrações mais elevadas no colostro (5,0 a 6,7mg/mL em relação ao leite maduro (0,2 a 2,6mg/mL. Em contraste, o leite de vaca contém teores inferiores, 0,83mg/mL no colostro e 0,09mg/mL no leite maduro. A lactoferrina desempenha diversas funções fisiológicas na proteção do trato gastrintestinal. A atividade antimicrobiana está relacionada à capacidade de sequestrar ferro dos fluidos biológicos e/ou de desestruturar a membrana de micro-organismos. A lactoferrina possui também a capacidade de estimular a proliferação celular. A ação anti-inflamatória desempenhada pela lactoferrina está associada à capacidade de penetrar no núcleo do leucócito e bloquear a transcrição do fator nuclear Kappa B. Diante da importância da lactoferrina na prevenção de doenças infecciosas em crianças aleitadas ao peito, a indústria vem, por meio da engenharia genética, desenvolvendo tecnologias para expressar esta proteína recombinante humana em plantas e animais, na tentativa de adequar a composição das fórmulas infantis àquela do leite humano. CONCLUSÕES: A lactoferrina humana é um peptídeo com potencial para prevenir morbidades, especialmente às gastrintestinais. Evidências científicas dos efeitos protetores da lactoferrina humana fortalecem ainda mais a recomendação para prática do aleitamento materno.OBJETIVO: Describir los mecanismos de acción de la lactoferrina humana en la protecci

Histamine stimulates chloride secretion in omeprazole-inhibited frog gastric mucosa

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

McGreevy, J.; Barton, R.; Housinger, T.

1986-01-01

Omeprazole (OME) stops hydrogen ion (H) secretion in the histamine (HIST)-stimulated gastric mucosa while the chloride (Cl) which had accompanied the H continues to be pumped into the lumen. This finding suggests that the Cl pump is independent of the H/K ATP-ase driven H pump. To test this hypothesis, 16 Ussing-chambered frog mucosas were exposed to OME prior to HIST stimulation. If the Cl pump is independent, HIST should stimulate Cl secretion in the OME-inhibited mucosa. A 1 hr control (CON) interval preceded exposure to OME (10 -4 M) in the nutrient solution. Potential difference (PD), short-circuit current (Isc), resistance (R), H flux (J/sup H/) and Cl flux (J/sup Cl/ with 36 Cl) were measured every 15 min. After 1 hr of OME exposure, HIST (10 -5 M) was added to the nutrient solution. The findings demonstrate that HIST stimulates Cl secretion in the OME-inhibited bullfrog gastric mucosa

Diagnóstico y tratamiento de la esquistosomiasis vesical desde la atención primaria penitenciaria: a propósito de un caso Diagnosis and treatment of bladder schistosomiasis from penitentiary primary care: case report

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A. Bedoya del Campillo

2012-10-01

Full Text Available Se describe un caso clínico de un paciente procedente de Senegal con síndrome miccional y hematuria microscópica que fue diagnosticado y tratado de esquistosomiasis vesical en los servicios médicos del Centro Penitenciario de Jóvenes de Barcelona. Según nuestra información en la base de datos Medline no existen casos de esquistosomiasis vesical abordados en atención primaria fuera de áreas endémicas. Los pacientes pueden diagnosticarse y tratarse antes de ser derivados a la asistencia especializada para continuar estudio de posibles complicaciones.We describe a case of a patient from Senegal with voiding symptoms and microscopic hematuria diagnosed and treated for bladder schistosomiasis in the medical services of the Youth Prison in Barcelona. According to our information in the Medline database no bladder schistosomiasis cases have been seen in primary care outside endemic areas. Patients can be diagnosed andtreated before referral to specialized care for further study of possible complications.

An overview of oral mucosa condition of shisha smoker

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Rahmi Amtha

2016-08-01

Full Text Available Shisha is a water pipe that tobacco extract and fruit scented burnt using coal. It produces the smoke through the vessel and inhaled using a hose with good taste. The culture of shisha smoking is popular in Midle East country that curently has been also entering Indonesia. The side effect of shisha smoking habit is still very rare reported. Aim of this study is to describe the oral mucosa condition of shisha user. A preliminary observasional study was conducted at several sisha cafe at South Jakarta. Under informed consent, subject with habit of tobacco and shisha smoker were included. Sociodemographic data (age, gender, duration, frequency of smoking, salivary flow rate and oral mucosa changes were documented. Eighteen subjects were recruited into this study. Most of shisha smoker was also tobacco smoker. Shisha was more practiced by male at  age (15-24 years old. The oral mucosa changes such as keratosis, melanosis, leukoedema, coated tongue, gingivitis and xerostomia were found on subject with habit of tobacco smoking habit only or both shisha and tobacco smoking. In conclusion apparently the shisha smoking habit may casue oral mucosa changes almost the same with tobacco smoking habit

Regeneration of Vocal Fold Mucosa Using Tissue-Engineered Structures with Oral Mucosal Cells

Science.gov (United States)

Fukahori, Mioko; Chitose, Shun-ichi; Sato, Kiminori; Sueyoshi, Shintaro; Kurita, Takashi; Umeno, Hirohito; Monden, Yu; Yamakawa, Ryoji

2016-01-01

Objectives Scarred vocal folds result in irregular vibrations during phonation due to stiffness of the vocal fold mucosa. To date, a completely satisfactory corrective procedure has yet to be achieved. We hypothesize that a potential treatment option for this disease is to replace scarred vocal folds with organotypic mucosa. The purpose of this study is to regenerate vocal fold mucosa using a tissue-engineered structure with autologous oral mucosal cells. Study Design Animal experiment using eight beagles (including three controls). Methods A 3 mm by 3 mm specimen of canine oral mucosa was surgically excised and divided into epithelial and subepithelial tissues. Epithelial cells and fibroblasts were isolated and cultured separately. The proliferated epithelial cells were co-cultured on oriented collagen gels containing the proliferated fibroblasts for an additional two weeks. The organotypic cultured tissues were transplanted to the mucosa-deficient vocal folds. Two months after transplantation, vocal fold vibrations and morphological characteristics were observed. Results A tissue-engineered vocal fold mucosa, consisting of stratified epithelium and lamina propria, was successfully fabricated to closely resemble the normal layered vocal fold mucosa. Laryngeal stroboscopy revealed regular but slightly small mucosal waves at the transplanted site. Immunohistochemically, stratified epithelium expressed cytokeratin, and the distributed cells in the lamina propria expressed vimentin. Elastic Van Gieson staining revealed a decreased number of elastic fibers in the lamina propria of the transplanted site. Conclusion The fabricated mucosa with autologous oral mucosal cells successfully restored the vocal fold mucosa. This reconstruction technique could offer substantial clinical advantages for treating intractable diseases such as scarring of the vocal folds. PMID:26730600

[Microcirculation of the nasal mucosa during use of balloon tamponade].

Science.gov (United States)

Klinger, M; Siegert, R

1997-03-01

Nasal packings are commonly accepted in the treatment of severe epistaxis. Cuffed catheters are known to cause damage to the nasal mucosa most likely by interfering with tissue perfusion. In this study the effect of different pressure levels on local perfusion of septal mucosa is investigated. In 15 healthy subjects the blood flow in septal mucosa was measured by laser doppler flowmetry by positioning a cuffed epistaxis catheter into the nasal cavity with a laser probe attached to it. Increasing pressure was administered by injecting saline solution while continuously recording intraluminal pressure, perfusion, and filling volume. The local pressure affecting the septal mucosa at the moment of stalling perfusion was determined by subtracting the extranasal cuff pressure from the current intranasal cuff pressure at same inflation volumes. Microcirculation of the septal mucosa stopped when the local pressure exceeded a value of Pmean = 42 mmHg. Individual variations (n = 15) were small (s = 9 mmHg). The intraluminal cuff pressure was measured to be about ten times higher due to the retraction force of the cuff. Spontaneous oscillations of the blood flow were reduced with increasing pressure to the blood vessels. Filling volumes up to 3.2 ml were sufficient to stop perfusion. Cuffed nasal packings stop the blood flow in nasal mucosa even at low local pressures. Depending on the material characteristics of different cuffs the pressure to dilate the cuff may, however, be several times higher than the actual local pressure. This effect may cause problems in the proper use of cuffed catheters. Laser doppler flowmetry proved to be helpful in determining reproducible perfusion values.

PROPUESTA DE UN MODELO DE GESTION HUMANA Y CULTURA ORGANIZACIONAL PARA PyMES INNOVADORAS

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RAFAEL IGNACIO PEREZ URIBE

2003-07-01

Full Text Available La gestión humana y cultura organizacional son conceptos inseparables en cualquier tipo de organización y han sido tratados extensamente en el ámbito académico general, pero no en el caso de las PyMES. Las condiciones sociales, económicas y culturales de este nuevo siglo hacen imprescindible que las empresas medianas y pequeñas sean altamente creativas, innovadoras, se adapten ágilmente a los cambios, sobrevivan y crezcan, y para lograrlo necesariamente deben contar con una fuerza laboral comprometida, capacitada y motivada, que trabaje en busca del logro de la misión de la organización, pero que a la vez sienta que están logrando satisfacer sus deseos, expectativas y necesidades más profundas. En este artículo se revisan algunos planteamientos que profundizan sobre gestión humana y cultura organizacional de manera integral y que sirven de guía básica temática para el diseño de un modelo de gestión humana.

Seguridad humana en Colombia: donde no hay bienestar no puede haber paz

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María Teresa Aya Smitmans

2006-11-01

Full Text Available Este artículo trata sobre los retos que amenazan a la soberanía clásica en el sistema internacional y, en especial, a la seguridad humana. Ésta, entendida como una concepción ampliada de la seguridad tradicional, refuerza la idea del individuo como centro de las relaciones internacionales y pone su seguridad por encima de la seguridad estatal. Asimismo, el surgimiento de nuevos actores hacen que la gobernabilidad estatal se vea debilitada a menos que se piense en aumentar la responsabilidad estatal para con sus ciudadanos. Es así como la seguridad humana constituye un concepto importante en el siglo XXI para una gobernabilidad responsable. El artículo examina el caso colombiano.

Investigation of phosphatidylcholine enhancing FITC-insulin across buccal mucosa by confocal laser scanning microscopy

Science.gov (United States)

Tian, Weiqun; Su, Li; Zeng, Shaoqun; Luo, Qingming; Gao, Qiuhua; Xu, Huibi

2002-04-01

The aim was to characterize the transport of fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC)-labeled dextran and insulin with different resoluble compounds for peptides and proteins through buccal mucosa. The penetration rate of insulin molecules through porcine buccal mucosa (a nonkeratinized epithelium, comparable to human buccal mucosa) was investigated by measuring transbuccal fluxes and by analyzing the distribution of the fluorescent probe in the rabbit buccal mucosa epithelium, using confocal laser scanning microscopy for visualizing permeation pathways. The confocal images of the distribution pattern of FITC-dextran and FITC-insulin showed that the paracellular route is the major pathway of FITC-dextran through buccal mucosa epithelium, the intra-cellular route is the major pathway of FITC-insulin through buccal mucosa epithelium. The permeation rate can be increased by co-administration of soybean phosphatidylcholine (SPC).

In vitro culturing of porcine tracheal mucosa as an ideal model for investigating the influence of drugs on human respiratory mucosa

OpenAIRE

Stennert, Eberhard; Siefer, Oliver; Zheng, Meihua; Walger, Martin; Mickenhagen, Axel

2008-01-01

It has been previously shown that fresh mucosa from different mammals could serve as raw material for in vitro culturing with the differentiation of cilia, which are the most important morphological structures for the function of the mucociliary system. Increasing legal restrictions on the removal of human tissue and changing surgical techniques have led to a lack of fresh human mucosa for culturing. Most of the animals that have been used as donors up to now are genetically not very close to...

[Oral mucosa reaction in patients adapting to removable dentures].

Science.gov (United States)

Iordanishvili, A K; Soldatova, L N; Pihur, O L; Mihajlova, E S; Peremyshlenko, A S; Soldatov, V S

Oral mucosa reaction of prosthetic bed to the removable acrylic dentures was evaluated in 43 patients (12 male and 31 female) aged 56-69 years with partial and full teeth loss in one or both jaws. Patients of the first (control) group (17 patients) were not using additional tools improving fixation of the removable dentures during adaptation period, while patients of the second (main) group (26 patients) used Corega cream for dentures fixation for 30 days follow-up. Oral mucosa assessment was carried out on 3-4 and 28-30 day of dentures use by 3 end points: pain syndrome, moisture level, inflammation of a prosthetic bed. The results proved Corega cream to improve prosthetic bed mucosa condition reducing inflammatory response to polymeric materials of removable dentures basis.

Endoscopic appearance of irradiated gastric mucosa

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

De Sagher, L I; Van den Heule, B; Van Houtte, P; Engelholm, L; Balikdjan, D; Bleiberg, H

1979-09-01

Irradiation of the epigastric area for gastric cancer may induce actinic lesions of the stomach characterized on endoscopic examination by ulcerations, haemorrhagic gastritis, fragility of the mucosa, thickening and congestion of the gastric folds.

Resection and Primary Closure of Edematous Glossoepiglottic Mucosa in a Dog Causing Laryngeal Obstruction.

Science.gov (United States)

Schabbing, Kevin J; Seaman, Jeffrey A

An approximately 22 mo old male neutered English bulldog was evaluated for acute onset of dyspnea with suspected brachycephalic obstructive airway syndrome (BOAS). Laryngoscopic exam revealed diffuse, severe edema and static displacement of redundant glossoepiglottic (GE) mucosa causing complete obstruction of the larynx and epiglottic entrapment. Static displacement of the GE mucosa was observed and determined to be the overriding component of dyspnea in this patient with BOAS. Resection and primary closure with two separate, simple continuous sutures of the GE mucosa were performed. Resection and primary closure of the GE mucosa resolved the acute onset of dyspnea in this patient. Surgical correction of the stenotic nares, elongated soft palate, and everted laryngeal saccules were performed under the same anesthetic procedure. Static displacement of the GE mucosa may occur in patients with BOAS. Surgical resection and closure of the GE mucosa resolved this patient's dyspnea and is recommended in airway obstruction. It remains to be determined if primary closure and subsequent tensioning or scar tissue of the GE mucosa results in further complications related to restricted epiglottic movement.

Todos iguais, todos diferentes : a variabilidade genética humana.

OpenAIRE

Lima, Manuela

2010-01-01

A secção Biologia é coordenada pelo Professor Universitário Armindo Rodrigues. O estudo da variabilidade genética humana revela informações cruciais que permitem, ao nível biomédico, avanços nos conhecimentos acerca de várias doenças.

Agrotóxicos e saúde humana: contribuição dos profissionais do campo da saúde Agrotóxicos y salud humana: contribución de los profesionales de la salud Agrochemicals and human health: contributions of healthcare professionals

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Soraia Lemos de Siqueira

2008-09-01

Full Text Available Focaliza a produção científica dos profissionais da saúde, em especial das enfermeiras, sobre o tema agrotóxico e saúde humana. O ensaio reúne e apresenta informações por meio de pesquisa bibliográfica, procurando reconhecer a contribuição de cada autor e sua utilidade para o campo da saúde humana. Foram localizados 32 artigos de pesquisa publicados em periódicos brasileiros. A análise dos artigos destaca que a contribuição dos profissionais de saúde é focada na saúde humana - especialmente na saúde do trabalhador e na qualidade dos alimentos. No intuito de minimizar os efeitos dos agrotóxicos para a saúde ambiental e humana, os autores expõem sugestões de ação, tanto para os profissionais da saúde como para os órgãos competentes.Enfocase la producción científica de los profesionales de la salud, en especial de las enfermeras, sobre el tema agrotóxico y salud humana. El ensayo agrupa y muestra informaciones a través de la investigación bibliográfica, con el objetivo de reconocer la contribución de cada autor y la utilidad para el campo de la salud humana. Fueron encontrados 32 artículos de investigación, publicados en periódicos brasileños. El análisis destaca que la contribución de los profesionales de salud es dirigida a la salud humana, específicamente en las ��reas de salud del trabajador y calidad de los alimentos. Los autores brindan recomendaciones tanto para los profesionales de la salud, como para los organismos competentes con la finalidad de disminuir los efectos de los agrotóxicos para la salud ambiental y humana.This paper focuses on the scientific production of health professionals, especially nurses, about agrochemicals and human health. The essay combines and presents information by means of literature review, with a view to acknowledge the contribution of each author and their use for the human health field. Thirty-two research articles, published in Brazilian journals, were

Sobre a origem e dispersão das leishmanioses cutânea e mucosa com base em fontes históricas pré e pós-colombianas

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Altamirano-Enciso Alfredo J.

2003-01-01

Full Text Available A partir de quatro fontes do século XVI, são relatadas algumas ocorrências sugestivas de leishmaniose tegumentar americana (LTA no território andino. A reinterpretação dessas fontes permite enfocar o velho tema da origem da espundia ou leishmaniose de forma mucosa (LM. O artigo reforça a hipótese de que a LM tenha se originado na área amazônica ocidental em tempos arqueológicos por intermédio de migrações humanas, depois ascendido à selva alta e, posteriormente, às terras quentes interandinas, pelos limites da Bolívia e do Peru com o Brasil. As migrações dos mitmaq ou mitimaes contribuíram para sua intensificação durante o império inca. Tais fatos se desenvolvem no contexto histórico e social da queda do império inca e da instalação da colônia espanhola.

Leche humana y nutrición en el prematuro pequeño Human milk and very low birth weight nutrition

OpenAIRE

G. Torres; L. Argés; M. Alberto; R. Figueroa

2004-01-01

Introducción: En los últimos años ha cambiado de manera significativa el momento de iniciar el aporte enteral en el recién nacido de Muy Bajo Peso de Nacimiento (RNMBPN). Además existen controversias sobre cuál es el mejor régimen para alimentar a este grupo de alto riesgo debido a las cantidades insuficientes de algunos nutrientes de la leche humana. El enriquecimiento de la leche humana con fortificadores de la leche humana mejora los índices de crecimiento conservando los beneficios inmuno...

La mucosa nasal como vía y fuente para la medicina regenerativa Nasal mucosa as pathway and source for regenerative medicine

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Porfirio Hernández-Ramírez

2011-09-01

Full Text Available Se mencionan los pilares fundamentales que sustentan a la medicina regenerativa y se señala que de ellos, sin lugar a dudas, el que más ha avanzado es el representado por las células madre, en particular las adultas, que de manera progresiva se han ido extendiendo en la práctica clínica. Se destaca que recién se ha explorado la mucosa nasal como una vía útil y sencilla para el acceso al organismo de elementos potencialmente útiles en la medicina regenerativa, y también como fuente de células madre con posibilidades de introducción en el área clínica. Se comentan las características fundamentales de la mucosa nasal, se mencionan algunos medicamentos que se han usado a través de la ruta intranasal y se refiere la posibilidad de usar esta vía para la administración de células madre que puedan ejercer sus acciones sobre el sistema nervioso central. Estos datos se complementan con los promisorios resultados que se han obtenido con el trasplante de células procedentes de la mucosa nasal.The fundamental pillars of the regenerative medicine were set forth in this paper. One of the most advanced is undoubtedly the field of stem cells, particularly adult stem cells, which has progressively spread into the clinical practice. It was underlined that the nasal mucosa has been recently explored as a useful simple pathway through which the potentially useful elements of regenerative medicine may have access to the body; and also as a source of stem cells with possibilities of being introduced in the clinical area. Comments were made on the fundamental characteristics of the nasal mucosa; some drugs that have been administered through intranasal route were mentioned together with the possibility of using this pathway for stem cells that might have their impact on the central nervous system. All these data were completed with the promising results of transplantation of stem cells from the nasal mucosa.

Validation of methylation biomarkers that distinguish normal colon mucosa from cancer patients from normal colon mucosa of patients without cancer

Science.gov (United States)

Cesaroni, Matteo; Powell, Jasmine; Sapienza, Carmen

2014-01-01

We have validated differences in DNA methylation levels of candidate genes previously reported to discriminate between normal colon mucosa of colon cancer patients and normal colon mucosa of individuals without cancer. Here, we report that CpG sites in 16 of the 30 candidate genes selected show significant differences in mean methylation level in normal colon mucosa of 24 cancer patients and 24 controls. A support vector machine trained on these data and data for an additional 66 CpGs yielded an 18-gene signature, composed of 10 of the validated candidate genes plus eight additional candidates. This model exhibited 96% sensitivity and 100% specificity in a 40-sample training set and classified all eight samples in the test set correctly. Moreover, we found a moderate-strong correlation (Pearson coefficients r=0.253-0.722) between methylation levels in colon mucosa and methylation levels in peripheral blood for seven of the 18 genes in the support vector model. These seven genes, alone, classified 44 of the 48 patients in the validation set correctly and five CpGs selected from only two of the seven genes classified 41 of the 48 patients in the discovery set correctly. These results suggest that methylation biomarkers may be developed that will, at minimum, serve as useful objective and quantitative diagnostic complements to colonoscopy as a cancer-screening tool. These data also suggest that it may be possible to monitor biomarker methylation levels in tissues collected much less invasively than by colonoscopy. PMID:24806665

Validation of methylation biomarkers that distinguish normal colon mucosa of cancer patients from normal colon mucosa of patients without cancer.

Science.gov (United States)

Cesaroni, Matteo; Powell, Jasmine; Sapienza, Carmen

2014-07-01

We have validated differences in DNA methylation levels of candidate genes previously reported to discriminate between normal colon mucosa of patients with colon cancer and normal colon mucosa of individuals without cancer. Here, we report that CpG sites in 16 of the 30 candidate genes selected show significant differences in mean methylation level in normal colon mucosa of 24 patients with cancer and 24 controls. A support vector machine trained on these data and data for an additional 66 CpGs yielded an 18-gene signature, composed of ten of the validated candidate genes plus eight additional candidates. This model exhibited 96% sensitivity and 100% specificity in a 40-sample training set and classified all eight samples in the test set correctly. Moreover, we found a moderate-strong correlation (Pearson coefficients r = 0.253-0.722) between methylation levels in colon mucosa and methylation levels in peripheral blood for seven of the 18 genes in the support vector model. These seven genes, alone, classified 44 of the 48 patients in the validation set correctly and five CpGs selected from only two of the seven genes classified 41 of the 48 patients in the discovery set correctly. These results suggest that methylation biomarkers may be developed that will, at minimum, serve as useful objective and quantitative diagnostic complements to colonoscopy as a cancer-screening tool. These data also suggest that it may be possible to monitor biomarker methylation levels in tissues collected much less invasively than by colonoscopy. ©2014 American Association for Cancer Research.

Oligosacáridos de la leche humana. Crecimiento y desarrollo

OpenAIRE

José Armando Madrazo de la Garza

2017-01-01

La leche humana es considerada como un tejido en forma líquida, compuesto por células vivas y múltiples factores bioquímicos funcionales que aportan, más que ninguna otra fórmula, grandes ventajas al crecimiento y desarrollo del ser humano al inicio de la vida.

Tratamiento reconstructivo de la estenosis uretral femenina secundaria a erosión por cinta suburetral

OpenAIRE

Angulo, J.C.; Mateo, E.; Lista, F.; Andrés, G.

2011-01-01

Introducción: La estenosis uretral femenina secundaria a erosión por cabestrillo suburetral es un problema poco frecuente y de difícil solución. Los colgajos ventrales de rotación vaginal o los injertos dorsales de mucosa bucal no son útiles, porque este tipo de estenosis es demasiado proximal (cercana al cuello vesical) y la vagina se encuentra adelgazada. Presentamos nuestra experiencia en el manejo de este problema utilizando la escisión del tracto uretral afecto, asociada a colgajo de muc...

Reseña del libro: No hay dos iguales. Individualidad humana y naturaleza humana || Review of the book: No two alike. Human Nature and Human Individuality

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Silvia López-Larrosa

2015-11-01

Full Text Available Reseña de: Harris. J.R. (2015. No hay dos iguales. Individualidad humana y naturaleza humana. Madrid: Funambulista. 482 pp. ISBN: 978-84-943026-6-4. Depósito legal: M -36933-2041. [Original: No Two Alike. Human Nature and Human Individuality (2006.] El libro “No hay dos iguales” de Judith Rich Harris trata de responder a una pregunta difícil: por qué somos como somos, por qué incluso los hermanos, habiendo recibido una educación similar y compartiendo una dotación genética similar, son diferentes entre sí. Si alguien se había hecho antes esta pregunta, la autora, tras un recorrido casi detectivesco, le dará algunas respuestas basadas en nuestras dotaciones genéticas, en nuestras únicas interacciones con los demás y en la elaboración que como humanos hacemos de la información que nos proporcionan los que nos rodean.

Lichenoid reaction to carbamazepine in the oral mucosa: case report.

Science.gov (United States)

Artico, Gabriela; Bruno, Ingrid S; Seo, Juliana; Hirota, Silvio K; Acay, Renata; Migliari, Dante A

2011-01-01

Lichenoid drug reactions are more common in skin, but they may also occur in the oral mucosa. It is difficult to diagnose these lesions due to their clinical similarity to the idiopathic oral lichen planus lesions. The present article reports a case of lichenoid reaction in oral mucosa associated to the use of carbamazepine, emphasizing the diagnostic process.

[The current situation of occupational protection against skin/mucosa contamination among obstetrician and gynecologist].

Science.gov (United States)

Zhang, Yujuan; Li, Peng; Wang, Jianmei; Huo, Yan; Yang, Jing

2015-03-01

To investigate the occurrence and protection of skin/mucosa contamination among obstetrician and gynecologist. By random, stratified, and clustered sampling, 219 obstetrician and gynecologist were selected. 210 valid questionnaires were collected, efficiency is 95.89%. 110 obstetrician and gynecologist come from tertiary hospitals, 100 come from secondary hospitals. A self-administered questionnaire on skin/mucosa contamination was employed to gauge the implementation of protection, types and working links of skin/mucosa contamination. Of the respondents, only 14.76% (31/210) and 5.24% (11/210) adhered to proper hand washing and wearing protective glasses within nearly 1 year in practical work. Of the respondents, 73.81% (155/210) had experienced the skin/mucosa contamination during their vocation, 50.95% (107/210) occurred sharps injuries, 45.71% (96/210) occurred damaged skin contamination, and 43.33% (91/210) occurred mucosa contamination. Sharps injuries mainly occurred when abdominal operation (45.71%, 96/120), damaged skin contamination mainly occurred when gynecological examination (21.43%, 45/210), and mucosa contamination mainly occurred when midwifery (37.14%, 78/210). The implementation of protective measures is inadequate and incidence of skin/mucosa contamination is higher among obstetrician and gynecologist. Therefore, occupational protection education should focus on different types and working links of skin/mucosa contamination. At the same time, strict supervision and management system should be established.

Studies on nerve terminations in human mucosa and skin

OpenAIRE

Hilliges, Marita

1997-01-01

- In spite of their accessibility and important sensory function,the nervous tissue components of human oral and vaginal mucosa and skin have beensubject to very few, if any, systematic investigations. Studies on the innervationof oral tissues have mainly focused on the dental pulp, the periodontium and thegingiva, probably because of specific clinical interest, thus largely neglectingthe mucosa. Genital studies comprise only in a few cases the vagina and when thevagina is i...

Mechanical Barriers Restrict Invasion of Herpes Simplex Virus 1 into Human Oral Mucosa.

Science.gov (United States)

Thier, Katharina; Petermann, Philipp; Rahn, Elena; Rothamel, Daniel; Bloch, Wilhelm; Knebel-Mörsdorf, Dagmar

2017-11-15

Oral mucosa is one of the main target tissues of the human pathogen herpes simplex virus 1 (HSV-1). How the virus overcomes the protective epithelial barriers and penetrates the tissue to reach its receptors and initiate infection is still unclear. Here, we established an ex vivo infection assay with human oral mucosa that allows viral entry studies in a natural target tissue. The focus was on the susceptibility of keratinocytes in the epithelium and the characterization of cellular receptors that mediate viral entry. Upon ex vivo infection of gingiva or vestibular mucosa, we observed that intact human mucosa samples were protected from viral invasion. In contrast, the basal layer of the oral epithelium was efficiently invaded once the connective tissue and the basement membrane were removed. Later during infection, HSV-1 spread from basal keratinocytes to upper layers, demonstrating the susceptibility of the stratified squamous epithelium to HSV-1. The analysis of potential receptors revealed nectin-1 on most mucosal keratinocytes, whereas herpesvirus entry mediator (HVEM) was found only on a subpopulation of cells, suggesting that nectin-1 acts as primary receptor for HSV-1 in human oral mucosa. To mimic the supposed entry route of HSV-1 via microlesions in vivo , we mechanically wounded the mucosa prior to infection. While we observed a limited number of infected keratinocytes in some wounded mucosa samples, other samples showed no infected cells. Thus, we conclude that mechanical wounding of mucosa is insufficient for the virus to efficiently overcome epithelial barriers and to make entry-mediating receptors accessible. IMPORTANCE To invade the target tissue of its human host during primary infection, herpes simplex virus (HSV) must overcome the epithelial barriers of mucosa, skin, or cornea. For most viruses, the mechanisms underlying the invasion into the target tissues of their host organism are still open. Here, we established an ex vivo infection model of

Oral mucosa grafts for urethral reconstruction

African Journals Online (AJOL)

reports reveal that split and full thickness skin grafts from the scrotum, penis, extragenital sites (ureter, saphenous .... Table 1: Summary of the history of oral mucosa grafts for urethroplasty .... advised that care should be taken when suturing the.

Interaction of Mycobacterium tuberculosis with human respiratory mucosa.

Science.gov (United States)

Middleton, A M; Chadwick, M V; Nicholson, A G; Dewar, A; Groger, R K; Brown, E J; Ratliff, T L; Wilson, R

2002-01-01

Endobronchial infection is associated with pulmonary tuberculosis in the majority of cases. We have investigated the adherence of Mycobacterium tuberculosis to the human respiratory mucosa. Organ cultures constructed with human tissue were infected with M. tuberculosis in the presence or absence of mycobacterial fibronectin attachment cell surface proteins and examined by scanning electron microscopy. M. tuberculosis adhered mainly to extracellular matrix (ECM) in areas of mucosal damage, but not to ciliated mucosa, intact extruded cells, basement membrane or collagen fibres. Bacteria also adhered to fibrous but not globular mucus and occasionally to healthy unciliated mucosa, open tight junctions and to extruded cells that had degenerated, exposing their contents. There was a significant reduction (pprotein (FAP) and M. bovis antigen 85B protein, in a concentration dependent manner. The combined effect of FAP and antigen 85B protein was significantly greater than either protein alone. Bacterial adherence to fibrous mucus was not influenced by fibronectin. We conclude that M. tuberculosis adheres to ECM in areas of mucosal damage at least in part via FAP and antigen 85B protein.

El nuevo paradigma genético y la naturaleza humana: Una perspectiva desde la bioética reflexiva y secular

OpenAIRE

Orlando, Mejía

2005-01-01

La genética se ha convertido en el área científica con mayores implicaciones bioéticas y sociales, debido al poder de transformación que tiene sobre lo que se ha considerado, hasta ahora, como la naturaleza humana. En este trabajo se propone analizar la relación entre el nuevo paradigma genético, la noción histórica de la esencia humana y los contemporáneos modelos antropocéntrico y evolutivo de la naturaleza humana. Utilizando elementos conceptuales que correspondan a una bioética reflexiva,...

Relation between radiotherapy-induced acute injury of mucosa of nasopharyngeal carcinoma and p53 polymorphisms

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Wang Changsheng; Xiao Shaowen; Zhang Shanwen

2007-01-01

Objective: To explore the relation between p53 genetic polymorphisms and radiotherapy-induced acute injury of mucosa of oral cavity mucosa. Methods: The total of 56 patients with NPC treated by radiotherapy alone or with chemoradiotherapy synchronically were genotyped for the p53 codon 72 pro-Arg SNP using PCR-RFLP assays, and were ranked according to the acute injury of oral cavity mucosa. Results: There was no difference in acute injury of oral cavity mucosa between the p53 Pro allele carriers and the other carriers (P>0.05); the high single dose (P<0.01) and concomitant chemoradiotherapy (P<0.05) resulted in increase in acute injury of oral cavity mucosa. Conclusion: Those results suggest that p53 SNP may not associate with radiotherapeutic acute injury of oral cavity mucosa. (authors)

¿Qué pasa en el cerebro de los perros cuando ven caras humanas?

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Laura V. Cuaya

2016-05-01

Full Text Available Cuando tu perro te ve, no sólo se iluminan sus ojos, también su cerebro. Aquí resumimos un experimento que realizamos para conocer el procesamiento cerebral de las caras humanas en perros, utilizando imágenes de resonancia magnética funcional, en el que encontramos actividad en la corteza temporal, frontal y el núcleo caudado. La actividad en la corteza temporal sugiere que los perros procesan las caras de manera similar a nosotros. Fue inesperado encontrar actividad en el núcleo caudado, porque sugiere que los perros procesan las caras humanas como recompensas, incluso si son caras de humanos desconocidos.

Habitual biting of oral mucosa: A conservative treatment approach

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Sarabjot Kaur Bhatia

2013-01-01

Full Text Available Chronic biting of oral mucosa is an innocuous self inflicted injury, commonly seen in children suffering from developmental and psychological problems and has rarely been reported in normal unaffected individuals. The management strategies vary from counseling, prescription of sedatives to different prosthetic shields. The paper highlights the efficacy of a simple approach using soft mouth guard in the management of self inflicted lesions due to habitual biting of oral mucosa in two normal healthy children.

Morphological study of the sensory innervation of the rat labial mucosa.

Science.gov (United States)

Yamamoto, T; Tazaki, M; Sakada, S

1986-02-01

The sensory innervation of the rat labial mucosa was investigated by means of methylene blue vital staining and osmic acid staining. Sensory receptors in this region were of three kinds (free nerve endings, encapsulated corpuscles and bush-like nerve endings) which constituted separate sensory units respectively. The encapsulated corpuscles were observed in the deep part of lamina propria, and distributed mainly in the margin of labial mucosa. Almost all (78.8%) of encapsulated corpuscles were of a simple type which had a non-branched axon terminal. No clew-like type corpuscles or glomerular-Meissner corpuscles were observed. The bush-like nerve endings were located in the lamina propria close to the epithelium, and localized in the central part of labial mucosa where the formation of papillae was remarkable. The density of the encapsulated corpuscles in the entire mucosa was 3.5-5.3/mm2, and that of the bush-like nerve endings in the densely distributed area was 38.9-60.6/mm2.

Cistitis por schistosoma haematobium, presentación de un caso

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Ramón Zaragoza Durañona

2014-08-01

Full Text Available No es frecuente en nuestro medio la infección por Schistosoma. haematobium, pero existen todos los elementos de la triada ecológica para su transmisión. Se presenta el caso de un paciente masculino, de raza mestiza, con 46 años de edad y procedencia rural, que refiere dolores lumbares al orinar, disuria, tenesmo vesical y polaquiuria durante el último año. Al examen físico se encontró el abdomen discretamente doloroso a la palpación superficial y profunda en hipogastrio y fosas lumbares. Se trató como una infección urinaria sin mejoría. Los complementarios arrojaron discreta eosinofilia y reflujo vesicoureteral grado IV en la uretrocistografía retrógrada y miccional. La cistoscopia videoasistida reportó, a nivel del trígono, la mucosa vesical enrojecida con estructuras en forma de granos de arroz de aspecto puntiforme; la biopsia informó huevos de esquistosomas y cambios metaplásicos en el epitelio vesical. Se trató con praziquantel y desaparecieron los síntomas. A los seis meses los complementarios resultaron normales y el paciente está asintomático. Se concluye en la importancia de considerar la infección por Schistosoma haematobium entre los diagnósticos de la infección urinaria refractaria al tratamiento

Phase II Clinical Trial of Intraoral Grafting of Human Tissue Engineered Oral Mucosa

Science.gov (United States)

2017-10-01

treatment, EVPOME (Group 1), or standard of care, the palatal oral mucosa (POM) graft (Group 2). The study population will include non- smoking adults...nor prevents microbial infection, fluid loss, and foreign material contamination and relapse secondary to wound contracture. Oral mucosa is in... smoking subjects (ages 18 and older) in need of additional keratinized oral mucosa and provided recruitment materials to local dentists. This resulted

Oral mucosa tissue response to titanium cover screws.

Science.gov (United States)

Olmedo, Daniel G; Paparella, María L; Spielberg, Martín; Brandizzi, Daniel; Guglielmotti, María B; Cabrini, Rómulo L

2012-08-01

Titanium is the most widely used metal in dental implantology. The release of particles from metal structures into the biologic milieu may be the result of electrochemical processes (corrosion) and/or mechanical disruption during insertion, abutment connection, or removal of failing implants. The aim of the present study is to evaluate tissue response of human oral mucosa adjacent to titanium cover screws. One hundred fifty-three biopsies of the supra-implant oral mucosa adjacent to the cover screw of submerged dental implants were analyzed. Histologic studies were performed to analyze epithelial and connective tissue as well as the presence of metal particles, which were identified using microchemical analysis. Langerhans cells, macrophages, and T lymphocytes were studied using immunohistochemical techniques. The surface of the cover screws was evaluated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Forty-one percent of mucosa biopsies exhibited metal particles in different layers of the section thickness. Particle number and size varied greatly among specimens. Immunohistochemical study confirmed the presence of macrophages and T lymphocytes associated with the metal particles. Microchemical analysis revealed the presence of titanium in the particles. On SEM analysis, the surface of the screws exhibited depressions and irregularities. The biologic effects seen in the mucosa in contact with the cover screws might be associated with the presence of titanium or other elements, such as aluminum or vanadium. The potential long-term biologic effects of particles on soft tissues adjacent to metallic devices should be further investigated because these effects might affect the clinical outcome of the implant.

Contra a "violência de inexistir": psicologia crítica e diversidade humana

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Nuno Santos Carneiro

2013-01-01

Full Text Available Ancorado numa perspectiva crítica, este artigo propõe uma revisão teórica sobre as abordagens psicológicas em torno da diversidade humana. Num primeiro momento, são examinadas as evoluções conceptuais que a noção de diversidade foi assumindo na psicologia. Posteriormente, elencamos algumas propostas epistemológicas consonantes com a perspectiva crítica adoptada. Por fim, procedemos a uma sistematização de princípios orientadores de uma praxis crítica celebrante da diversidade humana e combativa do que sugerimos ser a "violência de inexistir", representada pela rejeição das inumeráveis realidades subjectivas e relacionais que sempre nos caracterizam na diversidade.

Evolucion humana y el ADN mitocondrial (II)

OpenAIRE

Amat Olazabal, Hernan

2014-01-01

En el presente ensayo nos proponemos mostrar un recorrido por la historia de nuestros antepasados desde que nos separamaos del linaje de los chimpancés, hace 5 a 6 millones hasta la aparición del Homo sapiens, resultado de una serie de cambios evolutivos trascendentales. Tratamos de presentar los estudios más recientes acerca de la evolución humana y el ADN mt, que evidencia que todos procedemos desde África, y en un época pródiga en descubrimientos paleontólógicos y arqueológicos y de debate...

Grain sorghum dust increases macromolecular efflux from the in situ nasal mucosa.

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Gao, X P

1998-04-01

The purpose of this study was to determine whether an aqueous extract of grain sorghum dust increases macromolecular efflux from the nasal mucosa in vivo and, if so, whether this response is mediated, in part, by substance P. Suffusion of grain sorghum dust extract on the in situ nasal mucosa of anesthetized hamsters elicits a significant increase in clearance of fluorescein isothiocyanate-labeled dextran (FITC-dextran; mol mass, 70 kDa; P grain sorghum dust elicits neurogenic plasma exudation from the in situ nasal mucosa.

Zur Genese der niederländischen Typoxylographien des Speculum humanae salvationis

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Robbe, Joost Roger

2013-01-01

This article aims to reconstruct the genesis of the four typo-xylographic editions of the Speculum Humanae Salvationis (two in Latin and two in Dutch), which, from the 16th century onwards, have informed the debate on the origin of printing. The article first summarises the relevant philological...

A RELAÇÃO ENTRE A TEORIA DO JUÍZO E NATUREZA HUMANA EM KANT

OpenAIRE

Perez, Daniel Omar

2013-01-01

O objetivo deste artigo é apresentar a possibilidade de formular o problema da relação entre teoria do juízo e natureza humana em termos kantianos. Tradicionalmente a filosofia kantiana tem sido interpretada de diversos modos, muitos deles focando a Crítica como trabalho de fundamentação, e pouco ou nenhum lugar tem merecido a reflexão sobre a natureza humana. Entretanto, encontramos nas obras kantianas uma série de referências do “humano” que precisam ser levadas em consideração à hora de es...

Five surgical maneuvers on nasal mucosa movement in cleft palate repair: A cadaver study.

Science.gov (United States)

Nguyen, Dennis C; Patel, Kamlesh B; Parikh, Rajiv P; Skolnick, Gary B; Woo, Albert S

2016-06-01

This biomechanical study aims to characterize the nasal mucosa during palatoplasty, thereby describing the soft tissue attachments at different zones and quantifying movement following their release. Palatal nasal mucosa was exposed and divided in the midline in 10 adult cadaver heads. Five consecutive maneuvers were performed: (1) elevation of nasal mucosa off the maxilla, (2) dissection of nasal mucosa from soft palate musculature, (3) separation of nasal mucosa from palatine aponeurosis, (4) release of mucosa at the pterygopalatine junction, and (5) mobilization of vomer flaps. The mucosal movements across the midline at the midpalate (MP) and posterior nasal spine (PNS) following each maneuver were measured. At the MP, maneuvers 1-4 cumulatively provided 3.8 mm (36.9%), 4.9 mm (47.6%), 6.1 mm (59.2%), and 10.3 mm, respectively. Vomer flap (10.5 mm) elevation led to mobility equivalent to that of maneuvers 1-4 (p = 0.72). At the PNS, cumulative measurements after maneuvers 1-4 were 1.3 mm (10%), 2.4 mm (18.6%), 5.7 mm (44.2%), and 12.9 mm. Here, vomer flaps (6.5 mm) provided less movement (p < 0.001). Maneuver 4 yielded the greatest amount of movement of the lateral nasal mucosa at both MP (4.2 mm, 40.8%) and PNS (7.2 mm, 55.8%). At the MP, complete release of the lateral nasal mucosa achieves as much movement as the vomer flap. At the hard-soft palate junction, the maneuvers progressively add to the movement of the lateral nasal mucosa. The most powerful step is release of attachments along the posterior aspect of the medial pterygoid. Published by Elsevier Ltd.

Cultivated Oral Mucosa Epithelium in Ocular Surface Reconstruction in Aniridia Patients

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Dariusz Dobrowolski

2015-01-01

Full Text Available Purpose. Efficacy of cultivated oral mucosa epithelial transplantation (COMET procedure in corneal epithelium restoration of aniridia patients. Methods. Study subjects were aniridia patients (13 patients; 17 eyes with irregular, vascular conjunctival pannus involving visual axis who underwent autologous transplantation of cultivated epithelium. For the procedure oral mucosa epithelial cells were obtained from buccal mucosa with further enzymatic treatment. Suspension of single cells was seeded on previously prepared denuded amniotic membrane. Cultures were carried on culture dishes inserts in the presence of the inactivated with Mitomycin C monolayer of 3T3 fibroblasts. Cultures were carried for seven days. Stratified oral mucosa epithelium with its amniotic membrane carrier was transplanted on the surgically denuded corneal surface of aniridia patients with total or subtotal limbal stem cell deficiency. Outcome Measures. Corneal surface, epithelial regularity, and visual acuity improvement were evaluated. Results. At the end of the observation period, 76.4% of the eyes had regular transparent epithelium and 23.5% had developed epithelial defects or central corneal haze; in 88.2% of cases visual acuity had increased. VA range was from HM 0.05 before the surgery to HM up to 0.1 after surgery. Conclusion. Application of cultivated oral mucosa epithelium restores regular epithelium on the corneal surface with moderate improvement in quality of vision.

Characterizing lamina propria of human gastric mucosa by multiphoton microscopy

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Liu, Y C; Yang, H Q; Zhuo, S M [Institute of Laser and Optoelectronics Technology, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory for Photonics Technology, Key Laboratory of OptoElectronic Science and Technology for Medicine of Ministry of Education, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350007 (China); Chen, G; Chen, J X [Department of Pathology, Fujian Provincial Tumor Hospital, Fuzhou, 350014 (China); Yan, J, E-mail: chenjianxin@fjnu.edu.cn, E-mail: ynjun@yahoo.com [Department of Surgery, Fujian Provincial Tumor Hospital, Fuzhou, 350014 (China)

2011-01-01

Lamina propria (LP) of gastric mucosa plays an important role in progression of gastric cancer because of the site at where inflammatory reactions occur. Multiphoton imaging has been recently employed for microscopic examination of intact tissue. In this paper, using multiphoton microscopy (MPM) based on two-photon excited fluorescence (TPEF) and second harmonic generation (SHG), high resolution multiphoton microscopic images of lamina propria (LP) are obtained in normal human gastric mucosa at excitation wavelength {lambda}{sub ex} = 800 nm. The main source of tissue TPEF originated from the cells of gastric glands, and loose connective tissue, collagen, produced SHG signals. Our results demonstrated that MPM can be effective for characterizing the microstructure of LP in human gastric mucosa. The findings will be helpful for diagnosing and staging early gastric cancer in the clinics.

Characterizing lamina propria of human gastric mucosa by multiphoton microscopy

Science.gov (United States)

Liu, Y. C.; Yang, H. Q.; Chen, G.; Zhuo, S. M.; Chen, J. X.; Yan, J.

2011-01-01

Lamina propria (LP) of gastric mucosa plays an important role in progression of gastric cancer because of the site at where inflammatory reactions occur. Multiphoton imaging has been recently employed for microscopic examination of intact tissue. In this paper, using multiphoton microscopy (MPM) based on two-photon excited fluorescence (TPEF) and second harmonic generation (SHG), high resolution multiphoton microscopic images of lamina propria (LP) are obtained in normal human gastric mucosa at excitation wavelength λex = 800 nm. The main source of tissue TPEF originated from the cells of gastric glands, and loose connective tissue, collagen, produced SHG signals. Our results demonstrated that MPM can be effective for characterizing the microstructure of LP in human gastric mucosa. The findings will be helpful for diagnosing and staging early gastric cancer in the clinics.

Experimental model of traumatic ulcer in the cheek mucosa of rats Modelo experimental de úlcera traumática em mucosa jugal de ratos

OpenAIRE

Galyléia Meneses Cavalcante; Renata Janaína Sousa de Paula; Leonardo Peres de Souza; Fabrício Bitu Sousa; Mário Rogério Lima Mota; Ana Paula Negreiros Nunes Alves

2011-01-01

PURPOSE: To establish an experimental model of traumatic ulcer in rat cheek mucosa for utilization in future alternative therapy studies. METHODS: A total of 60 adult male rats (250 - 300g) were used. Ulceration of the left cheek mucosa was provoked by abrasion using a nº 15 scalpel blade. The animals were observed for 10 days, during which they were weighed and their ulcers were measured. The histological characteristics were analyzed and scored according to the ulcer phase. In the statistic...

Megabladder in experimental Chagas disease: pathological features of the bladder wall Mega bexiga na Doença de Chagas experimental. Caracteristicas patológicas da parede vesical

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Luciano Henrique Gazoni Scremin

1999-04-01

Full Text Available Mega-organs, primarily in the digestive tract, are well known to occur in chronic Chagas disease. Acute experimental infection with Trypanosoma cruzi results in parasitism of a wide range of cells, tissues, and organs, including the urinary bladder. Infection of BALB/c mice with 100,000 bloodstream forms of the Y strain of T. cruzi induced acute infection with intense parasitism of all layers of the urinary bladder. Parasites were found in the mucosa, lamina propria, muscular, adventitial connective, and fat tissue. Desquamate epithelial cells with amastigotes in the bladder lumen were also found. After 60 days of infection, mice inoculated with 50 bloodstream forms developed dilated, thin-walled bladders that had inflammatory infiltrates and foci of fibrosis replacing areas of damaged muscular layer. These lesions result from direct damage to the muscle fibers by the T. cruzi, leading to myosites, muscle damage, and scarring. Direct damage of paraganglia cells secondary to parasitism, leading to dilatation, damage of muscle fibers, and scarring with replacement of muscular tissue with connective tissue, should also be considered as a cause of functional disturbance of the urinary bladder.Os "mega-órgãos" na Doença de Chagas são bem conhecidos, especialmente os desenvolvidos no sistema digestivo. A infecção aguda apresenta parasitismo de diversas células, tecidos e órgãos, dentre eles a bexiga urinária. Camundongos Balb/c infectados com 100.000 formas sanguíneas de cepa Y de T. cruzi mostraram intenso parasitismo de todas camadas da bexiga urinária na fase aguda. Os parasitas foram encontrados na mucosa, submucosa, lâmina própria, muscular, adventícia e tecido adiposo, além das células descamadas para a luz do órgão. Para produzir a fase crônica, os animais foram inoculados com a mesma cepa, porém apenas inóculo com 50 formas sangüíneas. Após sessenta dias de infecção, detectamos dilatações da parede vesical, assim

La agresividad humana

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López Avendaño, Olimpia

2004-12-01

Full Text Available En este artículo se comparan los planteamientos de Sigmund Freud, Herbert Marcusse y Erich Fromm en torno a la agresividad humana. Analizar esta temática en el contexto actual es relevante dado el incremento de acciones que conllevan gran dosis de violencia tanto en el plano físico, como en el psicológico y espiritual, así como la urgencia de plantear soluciones. La posición de los tres autores permite visualizar la pertinencia de explicaciones que tienden a asumirse en la vida cotidiana en torno a este fenómeno y, sobre todo, construir nuevas perspectivas que las relean, trasciendan y enriquezcan. In this article the expositions regarding human aggressiveness by Sigmund Freud, Herbert Marcusse and Erich Fromm are compared. The relevance of this subject's analysis in the present context is due to the increase of actions that entail a great dose of violence in the physical, psychological and spiritual planes; and to the urgency of raising solutions. The three authors' position allows us to see how adequate are the explanations that tend to be assumed in everyday life; and above all allow us to build new perspectives that make a new interpretation of them, that extend and enrich them

Keratocyst of the buccal mucosa: is it odontogenic?

Science.gov (United States)

Ide, Fumio; Kikuchi, Kentaro; Miyazaki, Yuji; Mishima, Kenji; Saito, Ichiro; Kusama, Kaoru

2010-11-01

Odontogenic keratocyst (OKC) of the buccal mucosa, the diagnosis of which is based on subjective histologic evaluation, is a controversial entity of questionable existence. This report describes 2 rare cases of parakeratinized cyst arising from the buccal mucosa. Case 1 was a 60-year-old man with a 3-cm cyst and case 2 was a 16-year-old boy with a microcyst incidentally discovered on histology. Both lesions were essentially identical in histologic appearance and immunophenotype to intraosseous and gingival OKC, but they were clearly different from orthokeratinized odontogenic cysts and buccal mucosal epidermoid cysts. Step sections failed to reveal any kind of odontogenic tissue or skin adnexa in the cyst wall. These microscopic characteristics reflexively lead to the diagnosis of OKC, if the extragingival occurrence in the buccal mucosa cannot be considered. An alternative nonodontogenic origin includes a keratocyst of the skin, ie, an unusual mucosal presentation of cutaneous keratocyst. Because its true nature, either odontogenic or epidermal, cannot be conclusively proven at this time, we propose a more descriptive and noncommittal term, "mucosal keratocyst," for a particular cyst in a buccal location that is morphologically indistinguishable from OKC. Copyright © 2010 Mosby, Inc. All rights reserved.

A novel mechanism for NETosis provides antimicrobial defense at the oral mucosa

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Mohanty, Tirthankar; Sjögren, Jonathan; Kahn, Fredrik

2015-01-01

Neutrophils are essential for host defense at the oral mucosa and neutropenia or functional neutrophil defects lead to disordered oral homeostasis. We found that neutrophils from the oral mucosa harvested from morning saliva had released neutrophil extracellular traps (undergone NETosis) in vivo...

ÉTICA DE LA INVESTIGACIÓN EN MODELOS ANIMALES DE ENFERMEDADES HUMANAS ÉTICA DA PESQUISA EM MODELOS ANIMAIS DE ENFERMIDADES HUMANAS ETHICS OF RESEARCH WITH ANIMAL MODELS FOR HUMAN DISEASES

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Eduardo Rodríguez Yunta

2007-06-01

Full Text Available El presente artículo reflexiona sobre las implicaciones éticas de usar modelos animales para el desarrollo de la medicina en seres humanos. Entre las posturas extremas de condenar toda investigación con animales considerándola irrelevante y la de exagerar y promocionar el importante papel de la investigación con animales como modelo para enfermedades humanas, se adopta la postura intermedia de considerar el uso de animales en investigación como necesario en el estado actual de la ciencia para ajustarse al imperativo moral de curar y prevenir enfermedades humanas, pero buscando formas de reemplazar y reducir el número de animales y de disminuir su sufrimientoO presente artigo reflete sobre as implicações ética de usar modelos animais para o desenvolvimento da medicina em sereres humanos. Entre as posturas extremas, uma é a de condenar todas as pesquisas com animais, considerando-a irrelevante e a outra postura, é a de exagerar e promover o importante papel da pesquisa com animais como modelo para enfermidades humanas. Adota-se uma postura intermediária de considerarar o uso de animais em pesquisa, como necessária para o estado atual da ciência para se ajustarao imperativo moral de curar e prevenir enfermidades humanas, porém buscando formas de substituir e reduzir o número de animais e de diminuir seu sofrimentoThis paper argues about the ethical implications of using animals as models for human medicine development. This reflection adopts an intermediate stand between the extreme positions of condemning all research with animals, considering it irrelevant, and that of exaggerating and promoting research with animals as models for human diseases. Our stand considers that in the current scientific state, research with animals is necessary for adjusting to the moral imperative of curing and preventing human diseases, but methods for replacing and reducing the number of animals as well as diminishing their suffering must be sought

Progressive replacement of oral mucosa by conjunctiva in osteo-odonto-keratoprosthesis: preliminary observations.

Science.gov (United States)

Pecorella, Irene; Maurizio, Taloni; Antonio, Ciardi; Giancarlo, Falcinelli

2006-02-01

In a Strampelli osteo-odonto-keratoprosthesis, a patch of oral mucosa is frequently used to cover the ocular surface after implantation of an osteodental lamina into the eye. In many cases, gross modifications in the eye covering become apparent a few years later. The aim of this study was to investigate the histologic findings in the clinically modified ocular surface. Biopsies were performed in 7 patients at the junction between the osteodental acrylic lamina and surrounding modified oral mucosa, during surgery for local plastic reconstruction or positioning of antiglaucoma silicone tubes. Specimens were examined by light microscopy. Six of the 7 clinically modified specimens corresponded microscopically to conjunctiva. Typical oral mucosa could still be observed overlying the osteodental acrylic lamina. The production of local regulatory factors is a possible explanation for the survival of oral mucosa over the osteodental acrylic lamina, whereas their absence in distant areas may have induced the oral mucosa to transdifferentiate into a conjunctival-type lining. Alternatively, conjunctival regrowth from forniceal stem cells should be taken into consideration.

Foreign Body in Jugal Mucosa.

Science.gov (United States)

Serrano, Thiago Luís Infanger; Pauna, Henrique Furlan; Hazboun, Igor Moreira; Dal Rio, Ana Cristina; Correa, Maria Elvira Pizzigatti; Nicola, Ester Maria Danielli

2015-10-01

Introduction Foreign body in the oral cavity may be asymptomatic for long time and only sometimes it can lead to a typical granulomatous foreign body reaction. Some patients may complain of oral pain and present signs of inflammation with purulent discharge. A granuloma is a distinct, compact microscopic structure composed of epithelioid-shaped macrophages typically surrounded by a rim of lymphocytes and filled with fibroblasts and collagen. Nowadays, the increase of cosmetic invasive procedures such as injection of prosthetic materials in lips and cheeks may lead to unusual forms of inflammatory granulomas. Objectives Describe an unusual presentation of a foreign body reaction in the buccal mucosa due to previous injection of cosmetic agent. Resumed Report A 74-year-old woman was referred to the Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery to investigate the presence of multiple painless, bilateral nodules in the buccal mucosa, with progressive growth observed during the previous 2 months. The histologic results showed a foreign body inflammatory reaction. Conclusion Oral granulomatosis lesions represent a challenging diagnosis for clinicians and a biopsy may be necessary. Patients may feel ashamed to report previous aesthetic procedures, and the clinicians must have a proactive approach.

Foreign Body in Jugal Mucosa

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Serrano, Thiago Luís Infanger

2015-03-01

Full Text Available Introduction Foreign body in the oral cavity may be asymptomatic for long time and only sometimes it can lead to a typical granulomatous foreign body reaction. Some patients may complain of oral pain and present signs of inflammation with purulent discharge. A granuloma is a distinct, compact microscopic structure composed of epithelioid-shaped macrophages typically surrounded by a rim of lymphocytes and filled with fibroblasts and collagen. Nowadays, the increase of cosmetic invasive procedures such as injection of prosthetic materials in lips and cheeks may lead to unusual forms of inflammatory granulomas. Objectives Describe an unusual presentation of a foreign body reaction in the buccal mucosa due to previous injection of cosmetic agent. Resumed Report A 74-year-old woman was referred to the Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery to investigate the presence of multiple painless, bilateral nodules in the buccal mucosa, with progressive growth observed during the previous 2 months. The histologic results showed a foreign body inflammatory reaction. Conclusion Oral granulomatosis lesions represent a challenging diagnosis for clinicians and a biopsy may be necessary. Patients may feel ashamed to report previous aesthetic procedures, and the clinicians must have a proactive approach.

BENEFÍCIOS DA BIOMASSA DE BANANA VERDE Á SAÚDE HUMANA

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Vânia Thais Silva Gomes

2017-03-01

Full Text Available Este estudo tem por objetivo contextualizar os benefícios da biomassa de banana verde na saúde humana. A pergunta norteadora para a construção desta revisão integrativa foi: qual os benefícios da biomassa de banana verde para a saúde humana? Para a seleção dos estudos, utilizou-se as seguintes bases de dados eletrônicas: SCIELO (Scientific Eletronic Library Online, IBECS (Indice Bibliográfico Español de Ciencias de la Salud, LILACS (Literatura LatinoAmericana e do Caribe em Ciências da Saúde e MEDLINE (Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System Online. Concluiu-se que a biomassa da banana verde apresenta uma boa quantidade de nutrientes, vitaminas, fibras, o preparo é rápido e fácil, e o custo é acessível. É considerado um alimento funcional, pois apresenta prebióticos, amido resistente em sua composição, portanto considerada uma ótima fonte de nutrientes.

Efecto secuestrador del D-002 sobre radicales hidroxilo en mucosa gástrica Scavenger effect of D-002 on hydroxyl radicals in the gastric mucosa

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Yohani Pérez Guerra

2012-03-01

Full Text Available Introducción: el agente causal de la ulceración gástrica está asociado al desequilibrio entre factores agresivos y defensivos que actúan sobre la mucosa gástrica. El D-002, mezcla de seis alcoholes alifáticos primarios superiores purificada de la cera de abejas, produce efectos gastroprotectores mediados por múltiples mecanismos y reducción de la peroxidación lipídica en la mucosa gástrica. Objetivo: determinar si el D-002 es capaz de capturar el radical hidroxilo añadido in vitro o generado in vivo en ratas con úlcera gástrica inducida por indometacina. Métodos: En la experiencia in vitro el D-002 se añadió a concentraciones entre 0,9 y 1 000 mg/mL. En la experiencia in vivo las ratas se distribuyeron en seis grupos: un control negativo y cinco que recibieron indometacina: un control positivo tratado con el vehículo, tres con D-002 (5, 25, y 100 mg/kg, respectivamente, p.o. y otro con omeprazol (20 mg/kg i.p.. Los tratamientos se administraron una hora (vehículo y D-002 o 30 min (omeprazol, respectivamente, antes de inducir las úlceras. En ambas experiencias se tomaron alícuotas de mucosa gástrica, y se determinó el daño a la 2-desoxirribosa por el radical hidroxilo. Resultados: la administración oral del D-002, no in vitro, protegió a la 2-desoxirribosa del daño oxidativo de modo marcado, significativo y dependiente de la dosis con respecto al control positivo. Conclusiones: los resultados indican que la capacidad del D-002 (25 y 100 mg/kg administrado por vía oral para secuestrar el radical hidroxilo, generado en la mucosa gástrica por la indometacina, pudiera contribuir a sus efectos antioxidantes y gastroprotectores sobre el daño que los antiinflamatorios no esteroideos producen sobre la mucosa gástrica.Introduction: the etiology of the gastric ulceration is associated to the imbalance between aggressive and defensive factors acting upon the gastric mucosa. D-002, a mixture of 6 higher primary alcohols

Experimental model of traumatic ulcer in the cheek mucosa of rats Modelo experimental de úlcera traumática em mucosa jugal de ratos

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Galyléia Meneses Cavalcante

2011-06-01

Full Text Available PURPOSE: To establish an experimental model of traumatic ulcer in rat cheek mucosa for utilization in future alternative therapy studies. METHODS: A total of 60 adult male rats (250 - 300g were used. Ulceration of the left cheek mucosa was provoked by abrasion using a nº 15 scalpel blade. The animals were observed for 10 days, during which they were weighed and their ulcers were measured. The histological characteristics were analyzed and scored according to the ulcer phase. In the statistical analysis, a value of pOBJETIVO: Estabelecer um modelo experimental de úlcera traumática em mucosa jugal de ratos para utilização em futuros testes de terapias alternativas. MÉTODOS: Foram utilizados 60 ratos, adultos, machos, pesando entre 250 a 300g. A ulceração na mucosa jugal esquerda foi provocada por meio da abrasão desta com uma lâmina de bisturi número 15. Os animais foram observados por um período de 10 dias, sendo estes pesados e suas escoriações mensuradas. As características histológicas foram analisadas e descritas adotando escores para comparação dos estágios da fase da úlcera. Na análise estatística um valor de p<0,01 foi considerado uma resposta estatisticamente significante em todos os casos. RESULTADOS: Durante os cinco primeiros dias os animais perderam peso ("t" Student - p<0,01. A área da úlcera regrediu linearmente com o tempo, estando quase que completamente cicatrizada ao final de dez dias (ANOVA, pós-teste de Tendência - p<0,0001. Os grupos do 1º, 2º e 3º dias tiveram comportamento semelhante havendo uma diminuição dos escores a partir do 4º dia. CONCLUSÃO: O modelo de úlcera na mucosa jugal de ratos proposto pode ser considerado eficaz, apresentando reprodutibilidade confiável e baixo custo.

Interdisciplinaridade e complexidade: uma construção em ciências humanas

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Carlos Alberto Severo Garcia Jr.

2015-12-01

Full Text Available http://dx.doi.org/10.5007/1807-1384.2015v12n2p1 O presente ensaio é um percurso de reflexão em torno de conceitos relacionados à construção e produção de conhecimentos interdisciplinar em ciências humanas. Parte-se de ponderações sobre os conceitos de disciplinaridade, multidisciplinaridade, interdisciplinaridade, transdisciplinaridade e desdobra-se na discussão do pensamento complexo proposto por Edgar Morin. Compreende-se que a partir da aventura interdisciplinar é possível ponderações acerca das relações e transformações da condição humana frente aos novos alicerces de saberes na modernidade e suas consequências sociais, econômicas e subjetivas.

Adherence of Helicobacter pylori to the Gastric Mucosa

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Marguerite Clyne

1997-01-01

Full Text Available Bacterial adhesion to the intestinal epithelium is a critical initial step in the pathogenesis of many enteric diseases. Helicobacter pylori is a duodenal pathogen that adheres to the gastric epithelium and causes gastritis and peptic ulceration. The mechanism by which H pylori causes disease has not yet been elucidated but adherence to the gastric mucosa is thought to be an important virulence determinant of the organism. What is known about adherence of H pylori to the gastric mucosa is summarized. Topics discussed are the mechanism of H pylori adherence; in vitro and in vivo models of H pylori infection; and adherence and potential adhesins and receptors for H pylori.

La vida humana como principio interpretativo radical en la filosofía de Ortega y Gasset

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Gutiérrez-Pozo,Antonio

2012-01-01

En este artículo presentamos el concepto de vida humana como texto eterno en el pensamiento de Ortega y sus consecuencias para el problema de la interpretación. La filosofía de la razón vital de Ortega se fundamenta en el concepto de vida humana como realidad radical y principio interpretativo universal, y por esta razón se presenta desde el principio como una filosofía hermenéutica de la vida y no como una reducción hacia la conciencia trascendental. Esta hermenéutica se practica especialmen...

Efficacy of radiotherapy of oral mucosa cancer

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Vorob'ev, Yu.I.; Garbuzov, M.I.; Sarantseva, I.P.; Popov, N.V.; Pereslegin, O.I.

1986-01-01

An analysis of 10-year experience of a radiological department (962 patients) indicated late admission of oral mucosa cancer patients for specialized treatment: 75-85% of the patients were admitted with Stage 2-4 disease. The assessment of the efficacy of radiotherapy according to the 3 ad 5-year survival rates showed that better results were obtained for buccal mucosa cancer and the worst for mouth fundus cancer. Regional metastates are a poor prognostic sign, particularly fixed metastases in patients with tongue and mouth fundus cancer. Combined therapy turned out be the most effective in tongue cancer. In different variants of dose delivery in time the most favorable results were obtained with small fractionation (a conventional course). However it should be noted that a split course was usually applied to weak elderly patients with advanced stages of disease

Detection of survivin mRNA in healthy oral mucosa, oral leucoplakia and oral cancer.

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Lodi, G; Franchini, R; Bez, C; Sardella, A; Moneghini, L; Pellegrini, C; Bosari, S; Manfredi, M; Vescovi, P; Carrassi, A

2010-01-01

Survivin is involved in modulation of cell death and cell division processes. Survivin expression in normal adult tissues has not been fully understood, although it is markedly lower than in cancer, where it is over-expressed. To investigate survivin expression in normal, potentially malignant and cancerous oral mucosa. We measured survivin mRNA levels by real-time RT-PCR in specimens of oral mucosa (15 from normal mucosa, 17 from potentially malignant lesions, 17 from neoplasms). Scores were compared using Kruskal-Wallis test and post hoc according to Conover. Chi-squared test was used for dichotomous data. The median relative levels of survivin mRNA resulted six for normal mucosa, eight for potentially malignant lesions, 13 for cancers: differences among these three groups were statistically significant, as between cancer and potentially malignant lesions. Expression in normal mucosa and potentially lesions group showed no significant difference. Low, but not marginal expression of survivin in normal mucosa is a new finding, and it could be explained with the higher sensibility of our methods. Survivin expression in oral potentially malignant lesions might indicate a progressive deregulation of expression paralleling oncogenesis, particularly during the first stages of process, suggesting a putative predictive role for survivin.

Effects of carprofen on the integrity and barrier function of canine colonic mucosa.

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Briere, Catherine A; Hosgood, Giselle; Morgan, Timothy W; Hedlund, Cheryl S; Hicks, Merrin; McConnico, Rebecca S

2008-02-01

To measure effects of carprofen on conductance and permeability to mannitol and histologic appearance in canine colonic mucosa. Colonic mucosa from 13 mature mixed-breed dogs. Procedures-Sections of mucosa from the transverse colon and proximal and distal portions of the descending colon were obtained immediately after dogs were euthanized. Sections were mounted in Ussing chambers. Carprofen (400 microg/mL) was added to the bathing solution for treated sections. Conductance was calculated at 15-minute intervals for 240 minutes. Flux of mannitol was calculated for three 1-hour periods. Histologic examination of sections was performed after experiments concluded. Conductance was graphed against time for each chamber, and area under each curve was calculated. Conductance X time, flux of mannitol, and frequency distribution of histologic findings were analyzed for an effect of region and carprofen. Carprofen significantly increased mean conductance X time, compared with values for control (untreated) sections for all regions of colon. Carprofen significantly increased mean flux of mannitol from period 1 to period 2 and from period 2 to period 3 for all regions of colon. Carprofen caused a significant proportion of sections to have severe sloughing of cells and erosions involving >or= 10% of the epithelium, compared with control sections. Carprofen increased in vitro conductance and permeability to mannitol in canine colonic mucosa. Carprofen resulted in sloughing of cells and erosion of the colonic mucosa. These findings suggested that carprofen can compromise the integrity and barrier function of the colonic mucosa of dogs.

Glutamina e turnover do carbono da mucosa intestinal de leitões desmamados Glutamine and carbon turnover of the intestinal mucosa of weaned piglets

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Fabiana Ribeiro Caldara

2010-12-01

Full Text Available Um experimento foi conduzido para verificar a influência da glutamina no turnover do carbono na mucosa intestinal de leitões desmamados. Nove matrizes receberam dietas compostas basicamente de plantas do ciclo fotossintético C4 durante toda a gestação (d‰13C = 17,12 e lactação (d‰13C = -19,26. Os leitões foram desmamados aos 21 dias de idade e 68 deles foram alimentados com ração composta de plantas do ciclo fotossintético C3 (d‰13C = -25,12. Os leitões foram aleatoriamente distribuídos em duas dietas: uma sem suplementação de glutamina; e outra suplementada com 1% de glutamina. Aos 0; 1; 1,5; 2; 2,5; 3; 3,5; 4; 4,5; 5; 5,5; 8; 11; 15, 20; 29 e 46 dias pós-desmame, dois leitões de cada dieta foram abatidos para coleta de amostras da mucosa intestinal, que foram analisadas quanto à composição isotópica de d‰13C e mensurada a velocidade de substituição do carbono no tempo. Os valores da meia-vida do carbono para a mucosa intestinal foram de 6,0 e 3,5 dias para as dietas controle e com glutamina, respectivamente. A glutamina acelerou a velocidade de substituição do carbono na mucosa intestinal, evidenciando sua ação benéfica na recuperação da estrutura do intestino após o desmame.An experiment was carried out to evaluate the influence of glutamine on the carbon turnover in the intestinal mucosa of weaned piglets. Nine matrices received diets predominantly composed by photosintetic cycle C4 plants during the gestation (d‰13C = -17.12 and lactation (d‰13C = -19.26. The piglets were weaned at 21 days of age, and 68 animals were fed rations composed by photosintetic cycle C3 plants (d‰13C = -25.12. The piglets were distributed at random in two treatments: one diet without glutamine supplementation and the other diet supplemented with 1% of glutamine. On days 0; 1; 1.5; 2; 2.5; 3; 3.5; 4; 4.5; 5; 5.5; 8; 11; 15, 20; 29 and 46 after weaning, two piglets from each diet were slaughtered for collection of samples

Canine oral mucosa evaluation as a potential autograft tissue for the treatment of unresponsive keratoconjunctivitis sicca.

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Cherry, Rose L; Smith, Jodi D; Ben-Shlomo, Gil

2018-01-01

Labial mucosa transplantation for the treatment of canine keratoconjunctivitis sicca (KCS) has been reported recently. Postoperative alleviation of clinical signs was noted and assumed to be the result of labial salivary glands providing lubrication to the ocular tissue. The aim of this study was to evaluate the presence of minor salivary glands (MSG) in the canine oral mucosa. Oral mucosal biopsies were collected from six dogs that died (n = 1) or were euthanized (n = 5) for reasons unrelated to this study. The breeds included were two Doberman Pinschers, one Labrador Retriever, one Portuguese Water Dog, one German Shepherd Dog, and one mixed canine. Three were spayed females, and three were castrated males with the median age of 9 years (range, 6-13 years). Samples were obtained by an 8-mm punch biopsy at the following locations of the canine oral cavity: upper rostral labial mucosa at midline, lower rostral labial mucosa at midline, upper labial mucosa near the commissure, lower labial mucosa near the commissure, and buccal mucosa approximately 1 cm caudal to the commissure. Samples were routinely processed with hematoxylin and eosin, and periodic acid-Schiff stains. Samples were evaluated by light microscopy. At the selected locations, no MSG or other secreting cells were detected. Minor salivary glands are not associated with alleviation of canine KCS symptoms following labial mucosa transplantation. Further studies are needed to determine the mechanism leading to the transient improvement of KCS symptoms in canine patients following labial mucosa transplantation. © 2017 American College of Veterinary Ophthalmologists.

X-radiation effect on soluble proteins of gastric mucosa

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Sukhomlinov, B.F.; Chajka, Ya.P.; Fedorovich, A.N.

1979-01-01

Using the method of electrophoresis in agar gel soluble proteins of gastric mucosa of rats were separated into 11 fractions. Proteins posessing a proteolytic (pH 1.8) and lipase (pH 7.4) activity were localized within the second and third prealbumin fractions. Soluble proteins of gastric mucosa contain glyco- and lipoproteid complexes. Exposure of rats to 1000 R of X-rays induces quantitative redistribution within the electrophoretic spectrum of soluble proteins and a considerable disturbance of the proteolytic activity of total soluble proteins throughout the entire period of observation (from 10 min to 72h)

Mejoría mucosa endoscópica en pacientes con enfermedad inflamatoria intestinal

OpenAIRE

Veitia, Guillermo; Pernalete, Beatriz; La Cruz, María Alejandra; Rodríguez, María Josefina; Cachima, Lisbeth; Soto, José; Esquerre, Ivanova; Manuitt, Juan; Pérez, Guillermo

2014-01-01

La curación mucosa endoscópica en enfermedad inflamatoria intestinal se asocia con remisión clínica sostenida, reducción de hospitalizaciones y cirugía, pero lograrlo es difícil, según la literatura. Por ello evaluamos la mejoría mucosa endoscópica en nuestros pacientes. Objetivo: Evaluar la mejoría mucosa endoscópica en pacientes con enfermedad inflamatoria intestinal. Métodos: estudio multicéntrico, descriptivo, transversal. Incluyó 24 pacientes entre 17 y 73 años. Para evaluar respuesta a ...

Antecedentes filosóficos e teológicos do conceito pascaliano de natureza humana

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Luís C. G. Oliva

2006-12-01

Full Text Available O artigo pretende examinar os antecedentes do conceito pascaliano de natureza humana, desde a matriz aristotélica da idéia de natureza, passando pela absorção do conceito pelo pensamento cristão de Agostinho e Tomás, pela constituição do conceito teológico de pura natureza na escolástica tardia e sua crítica por Jansenius. Pascal aprofunda essa crítica, mostrando que a completude e a suficiência pressupostas na idéia de pura natureza são incompatíveis com a atual condição do homem, embora a infelicidade humana aponte para o fato de que a natureza humana permanece relevante como uma exigência irrealizável.The paper intends to examine the antecedents of the Pascalian concept of human nature, from the Aristotelian matrix of the idea of nature, going through the Christian absorption of this concept in Augustine and Thomas, to the elaboration of the theological concept of pure nature in Late Scholastics and its critic by Jansenius. Pascal deepens this criticism, showing that the completeness and sufficiency presupposed in the idea of pure nature are incompatible with the present human condition, though human unhappiness points to the fact that human nature remains relevant as an non-achievable demand.

La energía humana el esfuerzo físico

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Luis Suárez Flórez

1991-01-01

Full Text Available Se llama la atención sobre la energía humana, su importancia como elemento de productividad y como principio ó quizás como fin de la actividad deportiva. Se estudia el máximo esfuerzo físico, así como también algunos conceptos acerca de la energía aeróbica y la energía anaeróbica.

Perfil dos microrganismos isolados no trato urinário após sondagem vesical em cirurgia ginecológica Profile of microorganisms found in urocultures after urinary catheterization in patients undergoing elective gynecological surgery

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Sônia Cristina Hinrichsen

2009-03-01

Full Text Available OBJETIVOS: determinar os microrganismosfreqüentemente encontrados nas uroculturas apóssondagem vesical e o perfil de sensibilidade aos antibióticos em mulheres submetidas a cirurgia ginecológica eletiva. MÉTODOS: estudo de corte transversal em mulheres submetidas a cirurgia ginecológica com sondagem vesical, no Instituto de Medicina Integral Professor Fernando Figueira (IMIP, em Recife, Pernambuco, Brasil, de janeiro a maio de 2007. As uroculturas foram coletadas em dois períodos: até 24h da retirada do cateter e após sete/10 dias. RESULTADOS: amostras de urina foram colhidas em 249 mulheres. Encontrouse 23,6% (n=46 de uroculturas positivas com até 24h da retirada da sonda e 11,1% (n=25 com sete/10 dias após sondagem vesical. Não foi observada diferença significativa em relação aos microrganismos, quando se compararamas duas uroculturas. A Klebsiella spp. foi o principal microrganismo em ambas uroculturas (até 24h=47,8% vs sete/10 dias=44,0%; p=0,76, seguido de Escherichia coli e outros Gram-negativos. Os antibióticos amicacina, cefepima, ciprofloxacina, meropenem e ticarcilina-clavulanato foram os que apresentaram sensibilidade igual ou superior a 75%para os principais microrganismos isolados. CONCLUSÕES: Klebsiella spp. foi o microrganismo mais encontrado nas uroculturas após sondagem vesical em cirurgias ginecológicas e o antibiótico com sensibilidade igual ou maior a 95% com via de administração oral foi a ciprofloxacina.OBJECTIVES: to determine the microorganisms mostfrequently found in urocultures after urinary catheterization and their antibiotic sensitivities in women undergoing elective gynecological surgery. METHODS: the study was carried out at theInstituto de Medicina Integral Professor FernandoFigueira, IMIP, in Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil, between January and May 2007. Urine cultures wereobtained from these patients on two occasions subsequent to the removal of the catheter: within the first 24h and 710 days

Helicobacter pylori in the gastric mucosa of dead children Helicobacter pylori en la mucosa gástrica de cadáveres de niños

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John Jairo Duque Alzate

1999-03-01

Full Text Available 23 children under the age of 12 years who died violently without receiving any treatment, had their gastric mucosa studied by means of he Warthin-Starry stain and immunohistochemistry in search for Helicobacter pylori. It was found that 60.9% (14 cases were positive; of them 64,3% belonged to a low social class and 35,7% to the middle one. Of the positive cases, 9 had acute gastritis, 1 had chronic gastritis and only 4 had normal gastric mucosa. A clear association between Helicobacter pylory and changes in gastritis was observed. En 23 niños menores de 12 años que murieron en forma violenta sin haber recibido tratamiento, se estudiaron para Helicobacter pylori las mucosas gástricas con las coloraciones de hematoxilina eosina, Warthin Starry e inmunohistoquímica. Se encontró que 14 casos (60,9% fueron positivos para esta bacteria, de los cuales 9 (64,3% pertenecían a un estrato social bajo y 5 (35,7% a uno medio. De los casos positivos para H. pylori, 9 tenían gastritis aguda, 1 gastritis crónica y sólo en 4 la mucosa gástrica era normal. Se observó una clara asociación entre H. pylori y cambios de gastritis.

Epidermoid Cyst Arising in the Buccal Mucosa: Case Report and Literature

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Fábio Wildson Gurgel Costa

2014-01-01

Full Text Available Epidermoid cysts are benign subcutaneous lesions, and the large majority of these cysts affect the floor of the mouth; however, the buccal mucosa is not the usual site of occurrence. To date, only 5 articles have been published with 6 cases of epidermoid cysts arising in the buccal mucosa. Therefore, the aim of this study was to describe the clinical, histopathological and immunohistochemical features of a case of an epidermoid cyst located in the buccal mucosa. To our knowledge, this is the first report of an oral epidermoid cyst describing an intense foreign body gigantocellular inflammatory reaction against epithelial keratin component. Although the usual diagnosis for epidermoid cysts is based on histopathological findings, this case report addresses novel information regarding the immunohistochemical pattern which may be found in these lesions.

Benign Lesions in Mucosa Adjacent to Intestinal-Type Sinonasal Adenocarcinoma

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Blanca Vivanco

2011-01-01

Full Text Available Occupational exposure to wood dust is a strong risk factor for the development of intestinal-type sinonasal adenocarcinoma (ITAC; however, knowledge on possible precursor lesions or biomarkers is limited. Fifty-one samples of tumor-adjacent mucosa and 19 control samples of mucosa from the unaffected fossa of ITAC patients were evaluated for histological changes and p53 protein expression. Mild dysplasia was observed in 14%, cuboidal metaplasia in 57%, intestinal metaplasia in 8%, squamous metaplasia in 24%, and cylindrocellular hyperplasia in 53% of cases. P53 immunopositivity was generally weak occurring most frequently in squamous metaplasia. Wood dust etiology did not appear of influence on the histological changes, but p53 showed a tendency for higher positivity. Dysplasia adjacent to tumor was indicative of subsequent development of recurrence. In conclusion, precursor lesions do occur in mucosa adjacent to ITAC. This is clinically important, because it may justify the screening of high-risk individuals such as woodworkers.

Realidad humana y mundos de ficción

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González Fernández, Ángel

2007-01-01

Una filosofía de la literatura ha de ocuparse de dos problemas de honda significación para la Antropología Filosófica; por un lado, la dimensión existencial de la literatura: el porqué de la inveterada afición humana a crear y a instalarse en mundos de ficción. Por otra parte, la cuestión de la onticidad de las realidades literarias: en palabras de Unamuno,”¿quién es más real, Cervantes o don Quijote”? A philosophy of literature must address two problems of deep significance for Philosophi...

Impaired absorption of marked oligopeptide Glycine-I Tyrosine-Glycine after successful autologous-allotopic ileal mucosa transplantation in beagles.

Science.gov (United States)

Beiler, H A; Steinorth, J; Witt, A; Mier, W; Mohammed, A; Waag, K L; Zachariou, Z

2004-10-01

After establishing a method for ileal mucosa transplantation in an animal model, the authors investigated the absorptive capacity for oligopeptides of the transplanted mucosa. In 14 beagle dogs the authors transplanted ileal mucosa in a vascularized demucosed segment of the transverse colon. The colonic wall-ileal mucosa complex then was integrated in the ileal continuity. Six animals were lost owing to operative complications. Absorptive capacity for oligopeptides was measured in the remaining 8 animals with the iodine 131 (131I)-marked tripeptide glycine-tyrosine-glycine before and 4 weeks after transplantation. The results were compared and analyzed with the Student's t test for matched pairs. Blood concentrations of the marked tripeptide with P value less than .05 were considered as a significant reduction in the absorptive capacity of the transplanted ileal mucosa. After fixation with glutaraldehyd graft, uptake of the colonic wall-ileal mucosa complex was evaluated histologically in 8 animals. In all 8 animals, a 100% graft uptake was verified in all sections. Fifteen minutes after application of 15 MBc Glycine-131I-Tyrosine-Glycine there was no significant difference in the absorption between normal and transplanted ileal mucosa. After 30 minutes, the absorption of the transplanted ileal mucosa showed a tendency (P < .1) for an impaired uptake of the marked tripeptide. However, 60 minutes after application the difference in the absorptive capacity of the transplanted ileal mucosa was significant (P < .05). Autologous allotopic ileal mucosa transplantation is feasible; however, an impaired absorption of oligopeptides of the transplanted mucosa 4 weeks after transplantation could be observed.

Estudio descriptivo de la presentación de brucelosis humana en Colombia desde 2000 hasta 2012

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Patricia Lopez Guarnizo

2014-07-01

Full Text Available El objetivo de la investigación fue realizar un estudio descriptivo de la ocurrencia de brucelosis humana en Colombia entre 2000 y 2012, y con base en estudios previos conocer la prevalencia e incidencia de la enfermedad, las limitaciones para el diagnóstico oportuno y el reconocimiento de la enfermedad por el sistema laboral colombiano. La investigación se basó en la búsqueda y análisis de la información publicada en artículos relacionados con brucelosis humana entre 2000 y 2012 en Colombia. En esta investigación se incluyó una fase de recopilación de información y entrevistas no estructuradas a representantes de programas de control de brucelosis y a profesionales expertos. Se analizaron 17 trabajos de brucelosis humana realizados en el personal a riesgo en plantas de beneficio, expendedores y vacunadores del programa de brucelosis animal, en los cuales se reportaron 10 estudios con prevalencias entre 0,14 % y 10,4 % y 7 con seropositividad. En estos se encontró alguna información pertinente a las limitaciones del diagnóstico y se evidenció el poco conocimiento de la comunidad médica frente a la enfermedad. En Colombia no hay una política clara respecto a esta zoonosis de riesgo ocupacional. Solo se menciona la brucelosis en el Decreto 2566 de 2009, en la cual se adopta la nueva tabla de enfermedades profesionales. Se concluye que la brucelosis humana en Colombia es una enfermedad subdiagnosticada y, por lo tanto, subnotificada, ya que no existe un sistema de notificación obligatoria.

Two Cases of Bacteremia Due to Roseomonas mucosa.

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Kim, Yu Kyung; Moon, Jung Suk; Song, Kyung Eun; Lee, Won Kil

2016-07-01

Roseomonas is a genus of pink-pigmented nonfermentative bacilli. These slow-growing, gram-negative cocobacilli form pink-colored colonies on sheep blood agar. They differ from other pink-pigmented nonfermenters, including Methylobacterium, in morphology, biochemical characteristics, and DNA sequence. Roseomonas strains are rarely isolated in clinical laboratories; therefore, we report two cases in order to improve our ability to identify these pathogens. We isolated two strains of Roseomonas mucosa from the venous blood cultures of two patients, an 84-yr-old woman with common bile duct obstruction and a 17-yr-old male with acute myeloid leukemia who had an indwelling central-venous catheter for chemotherapy. The isolated strains were confirmed as R. mucosa by 16S rRNA sequencing.

PENFIGOIDE DE MEMBRANAS MUCOSAS: A PROPÓSITO DE DOS CASOS CLÍNICOS

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Beatriz E Casnati Guberna

Full Text Available El penfigoide de membranas mucosas representa un heterogéneo grupo de enfermedades ampollares, autoinmunes y crónicas, que afecta las mucosas y /o la piel. Es una patología que origina como secuelas, cicatrices que motivan importantes incapacidades funcionales en las mucosas involucradas, provocando ceguera, dificultades en la masticación, la deglución o en la respiración. Su diagnóstico, tratamiento y control deben ser realizados por un equipo multidisciplinario. Se presentan dos casos clínicos de penfigoide de membranas mucosas de localización oral, por considerarlos de interés, dadas sus manifestaciones clínicas y la diferente evolución en cada uno de ellos. Se describen los métodos de diagnóstico y tratamientos durante 4 años de seguimiento y control, realizados en la Cátedra de Semiología y Patología BMF, Clínica de Estomatología de la Facultad de Odontología. Universidad de la República

O papel criador do intérprete na efetividade do princípio da dignidade humana

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Bernardo

2014-07-01

Full Text Available Dignidade da pessoa humana, como conceituá-la? Cecília Meirelles definiu, de maneira poética, o vocábulo liberdade: “Essa palavra que o sonho humano alimenta. Que não há ninguém que explique e ninguém que não entenda”. Destarte, pode-se, por analogia, transportar os belos versos para o Direito, e, dessa forma, referir-se à dignidade humana. Realmente, não é tarefa simples definir dignidade, pois seus contornos são, propositadamente, imprecisos e vagos. Nesse sentido, este artigo expõe um estudo da dignidade humana como princípio e em seus aspectos filosóficos e jurídicos, levando ainda em conta a participação do Legislativo, do Judiciário e da própria sociedade para a sua concretização e efetivação, a fim de se chegar a uma análise ao menos razoável desse valor, e, assim, compreender a função do intérprete diante da perspectiva de sua atividade criativa e criadora.

Significant Depletion of CD4+ T Cells Occurs in the Oral Mucosa during Simian Immunodeficiency Virus Infection with the Infected CD4+ T Cell Reservoir Continuing to Persist in the Oral Mucosa during Antiretroviral Therapy

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Jeffy George

2015-01-01

Full Text Available Human and simian immunodeficiency virus (HIV and SIV infections are characterized by manifestation of numerous opportunistic infections and inflammatory conditions in the oral mucosa. The loss of CD4+ T cells that play a critical role in maintaining mucosal immunity likely contributes to this process. Here we show that CD4+ T cells constitute a minor population of T cells in the oral mucosa and display a predominantly central memory phenotype mirroring other mucosal sites such as the rectal mucosa. Chronic SIV infection was associated with a near total depletion of CD4+ T cells in the oral mucosa that appear to repopulate during antiretroviral therapy (ART. Repopulating CD4+ T cells harbored a large fraction of Th17 cells suggesting that ART potentially reconstitutes oral mucosal immunity. However, a minor fraction of repopulating CD4+ T cells harbored SIV DNA suggesting that the viral reservoir continues to persist in the oral mucosa during ART. Therapeutic approaches aimed at obtaining sustainable CD4+ T cell repopulation in combination with strategies that can eradicate the latent viral reservoir in the oral mucosa are essential for better oral health and long-term outcome in HIV infected patients.

Histopathological findings in the oral mucosa of celiac patients

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Elena Bardellini

2014-02-01

Full Text Available Background: Celiac disease (CD is an immune-mediated enteropathy triggered by the ingestion of gluten in genetically susceptible subjects. Although the small intestinal mucosa is the main site of the gut's involvement in CD, other mucosal surfaces belonging to the gastrointestinal tract and the gut-associated lymphoid tissue are known to be affected. Aim: Assuming that the oral mucosa could reflect the histopathological inflammatory alterations of the intestine in CD patients, this study wishes to assess the pattern of T-cell subsets in the oral mucosa of young adults with CD. Methods: A group of 37 patients (age range 20-38 years; female: male ratio 28:9 with CD were enrolled. Out of 37 patients, 19 patients (group A followed a gluten free diet (GFD -2 patients from less than one year; 6 patients between 1 and 5 years; 11 patients more than 5 years- while 18 patients (group B were still untreated. Fifteen healthy volunteers (age range 18-35 years, female: Male ratio 11:4 served as controls for the CD patients. Ethical approval for the research was granted by the Ethics Committee. Biopsy specimens were taken from normal looking oral mucosa. The immunohistochemical investigation was performed with monoclonal antibodies to CD3, CD4, CD8, and γδ-chains T cell receptor (TCR. Results: The T-lymphocytic inflammatory infiltrate was significantly (p < 0.0001 increased in group B (both compared with group A and with the control group. Conclusion: This study confirms the oral cavity to be a site of involvement of CD and its possible diagnostic potentiality in this disease.

Leonardo da Vinci y la nutrición humana

OpenAIRE

Carretero Gómez, Mª Begoña

2011-01-01

En esta experiencia trabajamos el tema la nutrición humana con una perspectiva diferente. Para ello hemos utilizado el libro de cocina “Notas de cocina de Leonardo da Vinci” de Shelagh and Routh, como texto base del que hemos extraído diferentes fragmentos, recetas y variada información de cómo era la forma de alimentarse y nutrirse en el Renacimiento. Se han realizado comparaciones entre la época actual y la de Leonardo. Para redondear la experiencia hemos cocinado algunas receta...

Survival, Intestinal Mucosa Adhesion, and Immunomodulatory Potential of Lactobacillus plantarum Strains.

Science.gov (United States)

Santarmaki, Valentini; Kourkoutas, Yiannis; Zoumpopoulou, Georgia; Mavrogonatou, Eleni; Kiourtzidis, Mikis; Chorianopoulos, Nikos; Tassou, Chrysoula; Tsakalidou, Effie; Simopoulos, Constantinos; Ypsilantis, Petros

2017-09-01

Survival during transit through the gastrointestinal track, intestinal mucosa adhesion, and a potential immunomodulatory effect of Lactobacillus plantarum strains 2035 and ACA-DC 2640 were investigated in a rat model. According to microbiological and multiplex PCR analysis, both strains were detected in feces 24 h after either single-dose or daily administration for 7 days. Intestinal mucosa adhesion of L. plantarum 2035 was noted in the large intestine at 24 h after single-dose administration, while it was not detected at 48 h. Daily dosing, prolonged detection of the strain up to 48 h post-administration, and expanded adhesion to the small intestine. Adhesion of L. plantarum ACA-DC 2640 to the intestinal mucosa after single-dose administration was prolonged and more extended compared to L. plantarum 2035. Daily dosing increased both the levels and the rate of positive cultures of the strains compared to those of the single-dose scheme. In addition, both strains increased total IgG while decreased IgM and IgA serum levels. In conclusion, L. plantarum 2035 and L. plantarum ACA-DC 2640 survived transit through the gastrointestinal track, exhibited transient distinct adhesion to the intestinal mucosa and modulated the systemic immune response.

Post-mortem 3H-thymidine incorporation in human epidermis and oral mucosa

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Schellmann, B.

1981-01-01

Using the 3H-thymidine labelling method, the authors studied post-mortem incorporation activity in the epidermis and oral mucosa of corpses which were stored with their clothes on under conditions of normal room temperature (+20 0 ) and of cooling (+4 0 C). Samples were taken in the form of skin punches at 2 h or 4 h intervals, respec.. Using histo-autoradiograms, the incorporation of 3H-thymidine in dependence from the time interval between the points of time of death and sampling were determined in situe and given as the ratio of labelled cells of the germinative layer per 100 μm length of basement membrane. A linear drop of post-mortem thymidine incorporation rates in epidermis and oral mucosa was found in human corpse skin correlating with increasing temporal distance from the point of time of death. Incorporation rates in the oral mucosa were markedly higher (by a factor of 3 to 5) than those of the epidermis which agrees well with in vivo conditions. No labelling of cell nuclei, i.e. no synthetic activity of the germinative layer, could be detected in the epidermis 35-40 h after individual death at the latest (in the oral mucosa after 45-50 h). However, clear incorporation activities could be observed in the germinative layer of epidermis and oral mucosa after more than 4 d in the case of storage at +4 0 C. (orig./MG) [de

Proteome Analysis of Rheumatoid Arthritis Gut Mucosa

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Bennike, Tue Bjerg; Ellingsen, Torkell; Glerup, Henning

2017-01-01

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an inflammatory joint disease leading to cartilage damage and ultimately impaired joint function. To gain new insight into the systemic immune manifestations of RA, we characterized the colon mucosa proteome from 11 RA-patients and 10 healthy controls. The biopsies were...

Trasplante de mucosa oral en la reconstrucción de las vías lagrimales Oral mucosa transplants in restoration of lacrimal canaliculi

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Bernardo Canto Vidal

2000-06-01

Full Text Available Se realizaron 143 intervenciones de las vías lagrimales, mediante la técnica quirúrgica de trasplante de mucosa oral con 55 injertos libres y 88 tubulares, a partir del año 1995. Para ello se tuvo en cuenta el examen clínico y radiológico y el tipo de afectación. Con la utilización de las técnicas de injerto libre o tubular de la mucosa se puede restablecer la fisiología lagrimal en los pacientes con mutilaciones por traumatismos o presencia de tumores con disminución del riesgo quirúrgico; además se recomienda por novedosa, práctica y por los buenos resultados obtenidos.143 interventions of lacrimal canaliculi were carried out, throgh surgical technique of oral mucosa transplant (55 free grafts and 88 tutular ones since 1995, bearing in min radiological and clinical examination and type of invelvement. Using technique of free or tubular graft, it is possible restore lacrimal physiology in patients with mutilations from trauma or prevence of tumors thus decreasing surgical risk; this tachnique is recommended by its novelty, usefulness . and by good results obtained.

Estudio de la mucosa oral en pacientes que emplean colutorios

OpenAIRE

Marzal Gamarra, Cristina

2009-01-01

INTRODUCCIÓN 1. Recuerdo histológico de la mucosa oral La cavidad bucal, como toda cavidad orgánica que se comunica con el exterior, esta tapizada por una membrana mucosa de superficie húmeda. La humedad, que es aportada por las glándulas salivales mayores y menores, es necesaria para el mantenimiento de la estructura normal de los tejidos. 2. Colutorios y su utilización en Odontología Los colutorios son preparaciones líquidas destinadas a ser aplicadas sobre los dientes, las...

Alphamimetic effects at the nasal mucosa in the MR tomogram

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Benammar-Englmaier, M.; Hallermeier, J.K.; Englmaier, B.

1990-01-01

The effect of xylometazolin spray (OTRIVEN) on the nasal mucosa was tested on persons with and without clinical signs of rhinitis and sinusitis. MRI is an excellent means to show the decongestive effect. The reaction is chiefly seen at the inferior and middle nasal concha and becomes manifest in a few minutes. No significant effect is noticeable at the maxillary sinus mucosa and infiltrated ethmoidal sinus. Generally, it is possible to show and examine the pharmacological effects that change the size and the liquid consistency of organs. (orig.) [de

Dendritic cell-associated immune inflammation of cardiac mucosa: a possible factor in the formation of Barrett's esophagus.

Science.gov (United States)

Bobryshev, Yuri V; Tran, Dinh; Killingsworth, Murray C; Buckland, Michael; Lord, Reginald V N

2009-03-01

The development of Barrett's esophagus is poorly understood, but it has been suggested that cardiac mucosa is a precursor of intestinal type metaplasia and that inflammation of cardiac mucosa may play a role in the formation of Barrett's esophagus. The present study was undertaken to examine the presence and distribution of immune-inflammatory cells in cardiac mucosa, specifically focusing on dendritic cells because of their importance as regulators of immune reactions. Endoscopic biopsy specimens were obtained from 12 patients with cardiac mucosa without Barrett's esophagus or adenocarcinoma and from 21 patients with Barrett's esophagus without dysplasia (intestinal metaplasia). According to histology, in nine of the 21 specimens with Barrett's esophagus, areas of mucosa composed of cardiac type epithelium-lined glands were present as well. Immunohistochemical staining and electron microscopy were used to examine immune-inflammatory cells in paraffin-embedded sections. Immune-inflammatory cells, including T cells, B cells, dendritic cells, macrophages, and mast cells, were present in the connective tissue matrix that surrounded cardiac type epithelium-lined glands in all patients with cardiac mucosa. Clustering of dendritic cells with each other and with lymphocytes and the intrusion of dendritic cells between glandular mucus cells were observed. In the Barrett's esophagus specimens that contained cardiac type glands, computerized CD83 expression quantitation revealed that there were more dendritic cells in cardiac mucosa than in intestinal metaplasia. Immune-inflammatory infiltrates containing dendritic cells are consistently present in cardiac mucosa. The finding of a larger number of dendritic cells in areas of cardiac mucosa in Barrett's esophagus biopsies suggests that the immune inflammation of cardiac mucosa might play a role in modifying the local tissue environment to promote the development of specialized intestinal type metaplasia.

Delivery of bioactive peptides and proteins across oral (buccal) mucosa.

Science.gov (United States)

Senel, S; Kremer, M; Nagy, K; Squier, C

2001-06-01

The identification of an increasing array of highly potent, endogenous peptide and protein factors termed cytokines, that can be efficiently synthesized using recombinant DNA technology, offers exciting new approaches for drug therapy. However, the physico-chemical and biological properties of these agents impose limitations in formulation and development of optimum drug delivery systems as well as on the routes of delivery. Oral mucosa, including the lining of the cheek (buccal mucosa), floor of mouth and underside of tongue (sublingual mucosa) and gingival mucosa, has received much attention in the last decade because it offers excellent accessibility, is not easily traumatized and avoids degradation of proteins and peptides that occurs as a result of oral administration, gastrointestinal absorption and first-pass hepatic metabolism. Peptide absorption occurs across oral mucosa by passive diffusion and it is unlikely that there is a carrier-mediated transport mechanism. The principal pathway is probably via the intercellular route where the major permeability barrier is represented by organized array of neutral lipids in the superficial layers of the epithelium. The relative role of aqueous as opposed to the lipid pathway in drug transport is still under investigation; penetration is not necessarily enhanced by simply increasing lipophilicity, for other effects, such as charge and molecular size, also play an important role in absorption of peptide and protein drugs. Depending on the pharmacodynamics of the peptides, various oral mucosal delivery systems can be designed. Delivery of peptide/protein drugs by conventional means such as solutions has some limitations. The possibility of excluding a major part of drug from absorption by involuntary swallowing and the continuous dilution due to salivary flow limits a controlled release. However these limitations can be overcome by adhesive dosage forms such as gels, films, tablets, and patches. They can localize the

Drug Reactions in Oral Mucosa

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Emine Derviş

2012-12-01

Full Text Available Both immunologic and nonimmunologic drug reactions can be seen in oral mucosa. Since considerable number of these reactions heals spontaneously without being noticed by the patients, exact frequency of the lesions is unknown. Most common lesions are xerostomia, taste disorders, mucosal ulcerations and edema. In this article, oral lesions resulting from drug intake similar to those from oral lesions of local and systemic diseases, and diagnostic problems caused by these similarities, have been reviewed.

Antropoceno: Una mirada desde la historia humana y la ética ambiental

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Andrés Segovia Cuéllar

2017-06-01

Full Text Available Este artículo pretende realizar un breve análisis conceptual sobre el término Antropoceno, y cuál ha sido la reflexión respecto a su uso como categoría temporal para describir la historia ecológica en general, y humana en particular. Las preocupaciones por la problemática ambiental contemporánea, han conllevado a la concienciación mundial sobre las acciones humanas sobre el medio ambiente, y han permitido el inicio de profundas revoluciones conceptuales que abogan por una transformación en la actitud ciudadana frente a la sostenibilidad del planeta tierra. Se realizará una reflexión desde la ética ambiental, sobre los principios que rigen el cuidado del medio ambiente y el concepto de desarrollo sostenible en el mundo contemporáneo. Los intentos por establecer una actitud ambiental responsable carecen aún de una ética no antropocéntrica, necesaria para una transformación real de los conflictos ambientales.

La tarea hermenéutica de las ciencias humanas

OpenAIRE

Rafael Ávila Penagos

2012-01-01

En este trabajo el autor sustenta la importancia y pertinencia de la tradición hermenéutica para todos los investigadores de las ciencias humanas. Dos casos paradigmáticos sirven para abrir y cerrar el texto. En ellos se muestra, de manera contundente, el impacto de las actividades hermenéuticas sobre la configuración de nuevos sentidos, el cambio en las maneras de mirar y el acceso a nuevas formas de vida en el universo social. En el intermedio, el autor describe el progresivo distanciamien...

Rnas inhibidores frente al virus de la inmunodeficiencia humana

OpenAIRE

Sánchez Luque, Francisco José

2013-01-01

En la presente tesis se describe la generaci??n de peque??as mol??culas de RNA con funci??n inhibidora frente al Virus de la Inmunodeficiencia Humana de Tipo 1 (VIH-1). Este virus es el agente causal del S??ndrome de Inmunodeficiencia Adquirida y perteneciente al g??nero Lentivirus de la familia Retroviridae. El virus presenta una alternancia en cuanto al tipo de material gen??tico en su ciclo de vida, siendo RNA en las part??culas virales y DNA en el provirus (durante la fase de latencia o e...

Leonardo da Vinci y la nutrición humana

OpenAIRE

Mª Begoña Carretero Gómez

2011-01-01

En esta experiencia trabajamos el tema la nutrición humana con una perspectiva diferente. Para ello hemos utilizado el libro de cocina "Notas de cocina de Leonardo da Vinci" de Shelagh and Routh, como texto base del que hemos extraído diferentes fragmentos, recetas y variada información de cómo era la forma de alimentarse y nutrirse en el Renacimiento. Se han realizado comparaciones entre la época actual y la de Leonardo. Para redondear la experiencia hemos cocinado algunas recetas extraídas ...

Leonardo da Vinci y la nutrición humana

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Mª Begoña Carretero Gómez

2011-01-01

Full Text Available En esta experiencia trabajamos el tema la nutrición humana con una perspectiva diferente. Para ello hemos utilizado el libro de cocina “Notas de cocina de Leonardo da Vinci” de Shelagh and Routh, como texto base del que hemos extraído diferentes fragmentos, recetas y variada información de cómo era la forma de alimentarse ynutrirse en el Renacimiento. Se han realizado comparaciones entre la época actual y la de Leonardo. Para redondear la experiencia hemos cocinado algunas recetas extraídas del libro.

Leonardo da Vinci y la nutrición humana

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Mª Begoña Carretero Gómez

2011-01-01

Full Text Available En esta experiencia trabajamos el tema la nutrición humana con una perspectiva diferente. Para ello hemos utilizado el libro de cocina "Notas de cocina de Leonardo da Vinci" de Shelagh and Routh, como texto base del que hemos extraído diferentes fragmentos, recetas y variada información de cómo era la forma de alimentarse y nutrirse en el Renacimiento. Se han realizado comparaciones entre la época actual y la de Leonardo. Para redondear la experiencia hemos cocinado algunas recetas extraídas del libro.

Ex Vivo Produced Oral Mucosa Equivalent by Using the Direct Explant Cell Culture Technique

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Kamile Öztürk

2012-09-01

Full Text Available Objective: The aim of this study is the histological and immunohistochemical evaluation of ex vivo produced oral mucosal equivalents using keratinocytes cultured by direct explant technique.Material and Methods: Oral mucosa tissue samples were obtained from the keratinized gingival tissues of 14 healthy human subjects. Human oral mucosa keratinocytes from an oral mucosa biopsy specimen were dissociated by the explant technique. Once a sufficient population of keratinocytes was reached, they were seeded onto the type IV collagen coated “AlloDerm” and taken for histological and immunohistochemical examinations at 11 days postseeding of the keratinocytes on the cadaveric human dermal matrix.Results: Histopathologically and immunohistochemically, 12 out of 14 successful ex vivo produced oral mucosa equivalents (EVPOME that consisted of a stratified epidermis on a dermal matrix have been developed with keratinocytes cultured by the explant technique.Conclusion: The technical handling involved in the direct explant method at the beginning of the process has fewer steps than the enzymatic method and use of the direct explant technique protocol for culturing of human oral mucosa keratinocyte may be more adequate for EVPOME production.

Heterotopic Gastric Mucosa in the Distal Part of Esophagus in a Teenager: Case Report.

Science.gov (United States)

Lupu, Vasile Valeriu; Ignat, Ancuta; Paduraru, Gabriela; Mihaila, Doina; Burlea, Marin; Ciubara, Anamaria

2015-10-01

Heterotopic gastric mucosa (HGM) of the esophagus is a congenital anomaly consisting of ectopic gastric mucosa. It may be connected with disorders of the upper gastrointestinal tract, exacerbated by Helicobacter pylori. The diagnosis of HGM is confirmed via endoscopy with biopsy. Histopathology provides the definitive diagnosis by demonstrating gastric mucosa adjacent to normal esophageal mucosa. HGM located in the distal esophagus needs differentiation from Barrett's esophagus. Barrett's esophagus is a well-known premalignant injury for adenocarcinoma of the esophagus. Malignant progression of HGM occurs in a stepwise pattern, following the metaplasia-dysplasia-adenocarcinoma sequence.We present a rare case of a teenage girl with HGM located in the distal esophagus, associated with chronic gastritis and biliary duodenogastric reflux. Endoscopy combined with biopsies is a mandatory method in clinical evaluation of metaplastic and nonmetaplastic changes within HGM of the esophagus.

Buccal Mucosa as A Route for Systemic Drug Delivery: A Review

OpenAIRE

Dhaval A. Pate; M. R. Pate; K. R. Pate; N. M. Pate

2012-01-01

Within the oral mucosal cavity, the buccal region offers an attractive route of administration for systemic drug delivery. The mucosa has a rich blood supply and it is relatively permeable. It is the objective of this article to review buccal drug delivery by discussing the structure and environment of the oral mucosa and the experimental methods used in assessing buccal drug permeation/absorption. Buccal dosage forms will also be reviewed with an emphasis on bioadhesive polymeric based deliv...

Buccal mucosa as a route for systemic drug delivery: a review.

Science.gov (United States)

Shojaei, A H

1998-01-01

Within the oral mucosal cavity, the buccal region offers an attractive route of administration for systemic drug delivery. The mucosa has a rich blood supply and it is relatively permeable. It is the objective of this article to review buccal drug delivery by discussing the structure and environment of the oral mucosa and the experimental methods used in assessing buccal drug permeation/absorption. Buccal dosage forms will also be reviewed with an emphasis on bioadhesive polymeric based delivery systems

A novel method for delineation of oral mucosa for radiotherapy dose–response studies

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Dean, Jamie A.; Welsh, Liam C.; Gulliford, Sarah L.; Harrington, Kevin J.; Nutting, Christopher M.

2015-01-01

There is currently no standard method for delineating the oral mucosa and most attempts are oversimplified. A new method to obtain anatomically accurate contours of the oral mucosa surfaces was developed and applied to 11 patients. This is expected to represent an opportunity for improved toxicity modelling of oral mucositis

Intra-vesical Prostatic Protrusion (IPP) Can Be Reduced by Prostatic Artery Embolization

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Lin, Yen-Ting, E-mail: ymerically@gmail.com; Amouyal, Grégory, E-mail: gregamouyal@hotmail.com [Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Européen Georges-Pompidou, Vascular and Oncological Interventional Radiology (France); Thiounn, Nicolas, E-mail: nicolas.thiounn@egp.aphp.fr [Assistance Publique Hopitaux de Paris, Hôpital Européen Georges-Pompidou, Urology (France); Pellerin, Olivier, E-mail: olivier.pellerin@aphp.fr [Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris-Cité (France); Pereira, Héléna, E-mail: helena.pereira@aphp.fr; Giudice, Costantino Del, E-mail: costantino.del-giudice@egp.aphp.fr; Déan, Carole, E-mail: carole.dean@aphp.fr [Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Européen Georges-Pompidou, Vascular and Oncological Interventional Radiology (France); Sapoval, Marc, E-mail: marc.sapoval2@aphp.fr [Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris-Cité (France)

2016-05-15

BackgroundProstate artery embolization (PAE) is a new approach to improve lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) related to benign prostatic hyperplasia. PAE results in global reduction of prostate volume (PV). There are no data available on the efficacy of PAE in reducing intra-vesical prostatic protrusion (IPP), an anatomic feature that is clinically related with bladder outlet obstruction and LUTS.ObjectiveTo assess the results of PAE in patients with significant IPP due to median lobe hyperplasia and to compare the IPSS decrease and IPP change.Material and MethodsProspective analysis of 18 consecutive patients with significant IPP (>5 mm) related to median lobe hyperplasia undergoing PAE using 30–500-μm-calibrated trisacryl microspheres. We measured IPP on sagittal T2-weighted images before and 3 months after PAE. IPSS and clinical results were also evaluated at 3 months.ResultsPAE resulted in significant IPP reduction (1.57 cm ± 0.55 before PAE and 1.30 cm ± 0.46 after PAE, p = 0.0005) (Fig. 1) with no complication. IPSS, quality of life (QoL), total prostate-specific antigen (PSA) level, and PV showed significant reduction after PAE, and maximum urinary flow rate (Q{sub max}) showed significant increase after PAE. No significant change of International Index of Erectile Function (IIEF) for clinical evaluation after PAE. A significant correlation was found between the IPP change and the IPSS change (r = 0.636, p = 0.0045).ConclusionPatients had significant IPP reduction as well as significant symptomatic improvement after PAE, and these improvements were positively correlated.

El zinc, micronutriente importante en la salud humana

OpenAIRE

Alicia Velázquez Pérez; Orelvis Pérez Duerto; Juan Rafael Pino de los Reyes

2014-01-01

La importancia biológica del zinc fue admitida por primera vez hace más de un siglo y en la actualidad continúan los estudios que avalan su valor en la nutrición humana. Se ha comprobado que la falta de zinc es bastante frecuente en la población de los países en vías de desarrollo, sobre todo en edades pediátricas, y se asocia en general a malnutrición y deficiencias de otros micronutrientes. El diagnóstico de la deficiencia leve de zinc en el hombre es difícil, ya que produce muchos síntomas...

Dignidade da pessoa humana e o décimo segundo camelo - sobre os limites da fundamentação de direitos

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Sobottka, Emil Albert

2008-01-01

Full Text Available Dignidade da pessoa humana adquiriu em anos recentes um destaque como princípio fundamental a partir do qual são derivados direitos, considerados igualmente fundamentais. Com base na discussão provocada por Luhmann sobre recursos externos ao direito num sistema definido como operativamente fechado e cognitivamente aberto, o texto discute se a dignidade da pessoa humana consegue ocupar este lugar funcional

Laser-induced fluorescence of oral mucosa cancer

Science.gov (United States)

Jaliashvili, Z. V.; Medoidze, T. D.; Melikishvili, Z. G.; Gogilashvili, K. T.

2017-10-01

The laser-induced fluorescence (LIF) spectra have been measured for cancer-infused and control mice mucosa tissues. It was established that there is quite a difference between their LIF spectral shapes. These spectral shapes are used to express the diagnostic of different states of tissues: from normal to cancer.

Characterizing the Molecular Pathology of Arrhythmogenic Cardiomyopathy in Patient Buccal Mucosa Cells.

Science.gov (United States)

Asimaki, Angeliki; Protonotarios, Alexandros; James, Cynthia A; Chelko, Stephen P; Tichnell, Crystal; Murray, Brittney; Tsatsopoulou, Adalena; Anastasakis, Aris; te Riele, Anneline; Kléber, André G; Judge, Daniel P; Calkins, Hugh; Saffitz, Jeffrey E

2016-02-01

Analysis of myocardium has revealed mechanistic insights into arrhythmogenic cardiomyopathy but cardiac samples are difficult to obtain from probands and especially from family members. To identify a potential surrogate tissue, we characterized buccal mucosa cells. Buccal cells from patients, mutation carriers, and controls were immunostained and analyzed in a blinded fashion. In additional studies, buccal cells were grown in vitro and incubated with SB216763. Immunoreactive signals for the desmosomal protein plakoglobin and the major cardiac gap junction protein Cx43 were markedly diminished in buccal mucosa cells from arrhythmogenic cardiomyopathy patients with known desmosomal mutations when compared with controls. Plakoglobin and Cx43 signals were also reduced in most family members who carried disease alleles but showed no evidence of heart disease. Signal for the desmosomal protein plakophilin-1 was reduced in buccal mucosa cells in patients with PKP2 mutations but not in those with mutations in other desmosomal genes. Signal for the desmosomal protein desmoplakin was reduced in buccal mucosa cells from patients with mutations in DSP, DSG2, or DSC2 but not in PKP2 or JUP. Abnormal protein distributions were reversed in cultured cells incubated with SB216763, a small molecule that rescues the disease phenotype in cardiac myocytes. Buccal mucosa cells from arrhythmogenic cardiomyopathy patients exhibit changes in the distribution of cell junction proteins similar to those seen in the heart. These cells may prove useful in future studies of disease mechanisms and drug screens for effective therapies in arrhythmogenic cardiomyopathy. © 2016 American Heart Association, Inc.

Infecciones virales en piel y mucosas

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María José Martínez G., Dra.

2011-11-01

Full Text Available Diversos virus pueden infectar la piel y las mucosas de los seres humanos, manifestándose en diferentes patologías, de acuerdo a la edad, género y estado inmunológico. Un grupo importante de éstos tiene capacidad de replicar en células epiteliales, originando cuadros clínicos en los cuales se evidencia la destrucción celular o bien la hiperplasia del tejido infectado. Gran parte de estos virus persisten en células infectadas por años y tienen la capacidad de reactivarse y de manifestar nuevamente enfermedades cutáneas o mucosas. En algunos casos, ésta sólo se expresa de manera subclínica en una excreción del virus por secreciones que son fuente de infección. En los últimos años, los avances en técnicas moleculares han permitido contar con metodologías diagnósticas cada vez más sensibles, específicas y rápidas. Así como también el progreso en el área de vacunas y antivirales nos entrega mayores herramientas profilácticas y terapéuticas.

Dorsal onlay graft bulbar urethroplasty using buccal mucosa

African Journals Online (AJOL)

G. Barbagli

2015-12-02

Dec 2, 2015 ... promote the transformation of the urethral mucosa plate into a tube, according to ... Allen stirrups and sequential inflatable compression sleeves. Figure 2 .... the ventral, dorsal or lateral surface of the urethra, we investigated if.

Paz y seguridad humana en África: una visión desde la Unión Africana

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Jerónimo Delgado

2009-11-01

Full Text Available En este artículo se analizan las diferentes iniciativas que ha tenido el continente africano en materia de solución de conflictos y consolidación de la paz desde la perspectiva de la seguridad humana. En la primera parte, se identifican los componentes de la seguridad humana y los factores de inseguridad a los que se exponen los individuos en África, para luego examinar los avances del marco legal de la Unión Africana en la prevención de conflictos con énfasis en la seguridad de los individuos.La segunda parte contiene un estudio de las medidas enmarcadas dentro de la seguridad humana con las que cuentan los estados africanos y la comunidad internacional para la adecuada protección de los individuos, mientras se da un acercamiento entre las partes del conflicto para alcanzar el fin de las hostilidades. Finalmente, se afirma que África reconoce que la seguridad de sus ciudadanos es viable si se entienda que ésta es una responsabilidad compartida por todo el continente, en donde el individuo juega un papel central.

Myiasis gastrointestinal humana por Eristalis tenax Gastrointestinal human myiasis for Eristalis tenax

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Marcelo Kun

1998-08-01

Full Text Available Son caracterizadas las myiasis registradas en Bariloche y establecidas las condiciones probables bajo las cuales se produjeron las infestaciones. Las larvas obtenidas a partir de heces de 2 pacientes fueron identificadas como Eristalis tenax (Diptera: Syrphidae de acuerdo a las claves de Hartley (1961 y Organización Panamericana de la Salud (1962. Estos 2 casos de myiasis gastrointestinal humana constituyen los primeros registrados en Bariloche (Patagonia, Argentina y sus características responden a las registradas para esta especie de Díptera en otras partes del mundo. La falta de control específico en el sistema domiciliario de suministro de agua ha sido la causa más probable de la infestación. Este registro extiende la distribución de E. tenax y de las myiasis gastrointestinales humanas en América del Sur hasta los 41º 03' S.Foram caracterizadas as miasis registradas em Bariloche (Patagonia, Argentina e estabelecidas as prováveis condições sob as quais são produzidas as infestações. As larvas obtidas a partir das fezes de dois pacientes foram identificadas como Eristalis tenax (Diptera: Syrphdae. Esses dois casos de miasis gastrointestinal humana foram os primeiros registrados em Bariloche, Argentina, e suas características respondem às registradas para esta espécie de Diptera em outras partes do mundo. A falta de controle específico no sistema domiciliário de abastecimento de água tem sido a causa mais provável de infestação. Este registro amplia a distribuição de E. tenax e das miasis gastrointestinais humanas em América do Sul até os 41º 03's.The myiasis observed in Bariloche are characterized and the probable conditions under which the infestations took place established. The larvae obtained from faeces of 2 patients were identified as Eristalis tenax (Diptera: Syrphidae according to Hartley (1961 and Organización Panamericana de la Salud keys (1962. These 2 cases of human gastrointestinal myiasis were the

Outcome of buccal mucosa urethroplasty in the management of urethral strictures

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Basri Cakiroglu

2017-06-01

Full Text Available Objective: The objective of the study is to report the outcome of buccal mucosal urethroplasty. Materials and methods: The follow up data of 15 patients undergoing single stage urethroplasty from September 2010 to September 2015 were retropectively reviewed. They received buccal mucosa graft for urethroplasty. The patients were followed for complications and outcome. Results: Mean age was 53.7 ± 13.6 The stricture length ranged from 3 to 6 cm (mean 4.4 ± 0.8. The success rate for buccal mucosa urethroplasty (BMU was 67.7% at 12th month. Three patients presenting with voiding difficulty in the 3rd month and one in the next 12 months, had urethral restenosis. One patient had fistula formation at 6th month postoperatively. Five patients underwent retreatment procedures such as internal urethrotomy, urethroplasty and/or internal urethrotomy. Conclusions: The buccal mucosa is easy to obtain and handle, therefore BMU can be safely and effectively managed outside high volume institutions.

Outcome of buccal mucosa urethroplasty in the management of urethral strictures.

Science.gov (United States)

Cakiroglu, Basri; Sinanoglu, Orhun; Arda, Ersan

2017-06-30

The objective of the study is to report the outcome of buccal mucosal urethroplasty. The follow up data of 15 patients undergoing single stage urethroplasty from September 2010 to September 2015 were retropectively reviewed. They received buccal mucosa graft for urethroplasty. The patients were followed for complications and outcome. Mean age was 53.7 ± 13.6 The stricture length ranged from 3 to 6 cm (mean 4.4 ± 0.8). The success rate for buccal mucosa urethroplasty (BMU) was 67.7% at 12th month. Three patients presenting with voiding difficulty in the 3rd month and one in the next 12 months, had urethral restenosis. One patient had fistula formation at 6th month postoperatively. Five patients underwent retreatment procedures such as internal urethrotomy, urethroplasty and/or internal urethrotomy. The buccal mucosa is easy to obtain and handle, therefore BMU can be safely and effectively managed outside high volume institutions.

[Treatment of disbacteriosis of gastroduodenal mucous microflora in mucosa inflammation, ulcer and erosion].

Science.gov (United States)

Chernin, V V; Chernivets, V M; Bondarenko, V M; Bazlov, S N

2011-01-01

To propose pharmacotherapy of disbacteriosis of gastroduodenal mucous microflora in gastroduodenal inflammation, erosion and ulcer. The study enrolled 30 healthy volunteers, 130 ulcer patients and 36 patients with chronic gastritis (27% of the latter had chronic duodenitis). In addition to general clinical examination, fibrogastroduodenoscopy, we made histological and microbiological examinations of biopsy specimens of the mucosa from different parts of the stomach and duodenum, determined sensitivity of the microflora to antibacterial drugs. We found that recurrent ulcer, chronic gastritis and duodenitis are accompanied with overgrowth of pathogenic microflora in gastric and duodenal mucosa. We developed an effective method of the treatment of gastroduodenal mucosa microflora disbacteriosis in gastroduodenal inflammation, erosion and ulcer including antibacterial, antifungal drugs and probiotics.

Úlcera eosinófila de la mucosa oral Eosinophilic ulcer of oral mucosa

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A.C. Bencini

2009-08-01

Full Text Available La Úlcera Eosinófila de la Mucosa Oral, es una entidad poco frecuente, pobremente descrita en la literatura mundial. Se define como una lesión benigna autolimitada que si bien puede presentarse en distintas áreas de la cavidad bucal, presenta una marcada predilección por la mucosa ventral de la lengua. Clínicamente, se presenta como una lesión ulcerada de bordes indurados y sobreelevados. Los hallazgos histopatológicos son característicos y consisten en un infiltrado mixto rico en eosinófilos, acompañado de una población de grandes células mononucleadas. Recientes artículos basados en estudios inmunohistoquimicos, permiten afirmar la presencia de grandes linfocitos atípicos CD30+ y por lo tanto, incluir esta lesión en el espectro de las entidades simuladoras de desordenes linfoproliferativos. A pesar de esto, el mecanismo etiopatogenico permanece oscuro y el trauma local juega un rol todavía no dilucidado; aunque se halla presente en la mayoría de las publicaciones, explicando el fenómeno como un mecanismo reactivo. La importancia de esta lesión, radica en su diagnostico diferencial por su semejanza clínica al carcinoma espinocelular, histoplasmosis, chancro sifilítico, Úlcera tuberculosa, carcinoma epidermoide y otras. En nuestro trabajo se revisa la literatura y se discuten la características clínicas, histopatológicas y alternativas terapéuticas, a partir del artículo de un caso clínico en una paciente joven, que luego de la biopsia escisión como método para el diagnostico de certeza, se produce una recidiva de la lesión; lo que orientó el tratamiento hacia la cirugía combinada con corticoterapia local intralesional, logrando su remisión.Eosinophilic Ulcer of the Oral Mucosa, an entity, poorly deciphers in world-wide literature. It is defined as a self-limited, benign injury that although it can appear in different areas of the buccal cavity it presents a noticeable predilection via the ventral mucosa of the

Epithelial cell proliferation in human fundic and antral mucosae. Influence of superselective vagotomy and relationship with gastritis

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Gutierrez, O.; Lehy, T.; Rene, E.; Gres, L.; Bonfils, S.

1985-01-01

Epithelial cell proliferation in the fundic and antral mucosae was studied in 19 duodenal ulcer patients, 11 patients having undergone fundic superselective vagotomy for duodenal ulcer, and 10 controls. This was achieved through in vitro incorporation of tritiated thymidine in mucosal biopsies and radioautography. Except for increased fundic mucosal height, duodenal ulcer patients did not differ from controls for all parameters studied. In vagotomized patients, as compared to the other two groups, the labeling index was significantly enhanced in the innervated antral mucosa where atrophic gastritis developed, but there was no change in the labeling index and no worsening of mucosal inflammation in the denervated fundic mucosa. The only abnormality in the latter was a striking expansion, towards the surface, of the proliferative area within the fundic pit. The labeling indices and the degree of gastritis in gastric mucosae are significantly correlated in control and duodenal ulcer patients. If findings in antral mucosa, after superselective vagotomy, seemed related to gastritis lesions, those in fundic mucosa were not and may indicate an alteration due to the vagotomy per se

La percepción medioambiental del profesorado de primaria en el tema de la nutrición humana

OpenAIRE

García-Barros, Susana; Martínez Losada, Cristina; Rivadulla-López, Juan Carlos

2010-01-01

En este trabajo se muestra como un proyecto de tesis doctoral, dirigido a estudiar el pensamiento del profesorado de educación primaria en ejercicio y en formación sobre la nutrición humana, se acerca a la problemática ambiental. En el artículo se justifica la dimensión medioambiental de la nutrición humana que sirve de referencia para las decisiones tomadas en la metodología planteada. Así mismo se presentan unos primeros resultados, que aunque todavía limitados, ponen de manifiesto que la s...

Caminhos do desconhecido: busca da compreensão do conceito de dignidade humana pelas assistentes sociais em Lisboa

OpenAIRE

Bittencourt, Moema Bragança

2016-01-01

A presente dissertação propõe-se perceber como as assistentes sociais em Lisboa conceituam a dignidade humana. Tendo como referencial teórico o conceito de dignidade humana de Sarlet (2011), que o apresenta como uma qualidade intrínseca ao ser humano mas que também necessita de um rol de direitos fundamentais que garantam condições concretas para sua vivência e exercício pelos indivíduos em sociedade. Partindo-se de uma análise histórica do conceito de homem, da humanidade como elo comum dos ...

reactive localised inflammatory hyperplasia of the oral mucosa

African Journals Online (AJOL)

2009-02-02

Feb 2, 2009 ... cases(0.9%) were those of denture irritation hyperplasia. The age ... reported to have recurred and all of them were gingival lesions. ... grade chronic irritations to the oral mucosa such as ..... J. Periodontal.1980; 51: 55-61. 7.

Carcinoma hepatocelular en una paciente con virus de inmunodeficiencia humana/sida y cirrosis hepática

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Ernesto Arias Beatón

2015-05-01

Full Text Available Se presenta el caso clínico de una paciente de 42 años con positividad del virus de inmunodeficiencia humana desde hacía 3 años, quien acudió a la consulta de Cirugía del Hospital Gubernamental de Mbabane, en Swazilandia, por presentar un tumor abdominal doloroso en el cuadrante superior derecho, unido a astenia, anorexia y ligera ictericia. Fue evaluada en la consulta de Oncología y, luego de realizarle los exámenes complementarios necesarios, se le diagnosticó cáncer hepatocelular asociado a virus de inmunodeficiencia humana/sida y cirrosis hepática en estadio III. Posteriormente fue remitida a Sudáfrica para recibir radioterapia y quimioterapia combinadas

Verruca vulgaris of the buccal mucosa: A case report

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Aastha Mattoo

2018-01-01

Full Text Available Oral verruca vulgaris is caused by human papillomavirus (HPV infection. Verruca vulgaris most frequently occurs on the fingers, toes, soles, and dorsal surfaces of hands and is mostly asymptomatic. Varieties of verrucous and papillary lesions affect the skin as well as oral mucosa which may be either benign or reactive. Common wart is one of the most commonly observed skin growths and a lesion of childhood. Intraoral warts can occur at any age with equal incidence in both genders but are most commonly seen in the third to fifth decade. It is found commonly on the palate followed by lip, tongue, buccal mucosa, and rarely seen on gingiva. Surgical excision with adequate margins is the treatment of choice.

Elefantes e intervención humana en los yacimientos del Pleistoceno Inferior y Medio de África y Europa

OpenAIRE

Martos Romero, Juan Antonio

1998-01-01

En el presente artículo se revisan yacimientos africanos y europeos donde se ha planteado la existencia de una intervención humana sobre elefantes. Se establece una diferencia entre sitios con un sólo individuo (tipo 1) o un número alto de elefantes (tipo 2). Con independencia del carácter de la intervención humana, cuando ésta es evidente, tales diferencias responden a unos procesos de formación distintos con problemáticas singulares que condicionan finalmente la capacidad informativa del ya...

Estudio del perfil proteico de tejido y secretoma de la arteria coronaria humana en la enfermedad aterosclerótica

OpenAIRE

Cuesta Marina, Fernando de la

2010-01-01

El objetivo principal de la presente Tesis Doctoral es el estudio del perfil proteico de las capas íntima y media de la arteria coronaria aterosclerótica humana, la evaluación de las proteínas alteradas en estas capas en la coronaria, con el desarrollo de la aterosclerosis, así como la caracterización del secretoma de la coronaria aterosclerótica y la evaluación de las proteínas específicamente secretadas por esta arteria, con respecto a otras arterias humanas no afectadas.

A Foreign Body Granuloma of the Buccal Mucosa Induced by Honeybee Sting

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Kazuhiko Yamamoto

2017-01-01

Full Text Available A foreign body granuloma of the buccal mucosa induced by honeybee sting was reported. The patient was an 82-year-old female who presented with a submucous mass at the right buccal mucosa. The mass was 20 mm in diameter, elastically firm, partly mobile without pain or tenderness, and covered with almost normal mucosa. MR image did not delineate the lesion clearly. Under clinical diagnosis of a benign tumor, the lesion was excised under local anesthesia. The excised lesion was 14×11×9 mm in size and solid and yellowish in cut surface. Histologically, the lesion consisted of granulomatous tissue with a few narrow, curved, eosinophilic structures compatible with decomposed fragments of a honeybee sting and was diagnosed as a foreign body granuloma, although the patient did not recall being stung.

[An observation of the effect of sulfur dioxide on rat nasal mucosa].

Science.gov (United States)

Lu, Z Q

1990-01-01

This paper reports the effect of SO2 on rat nasal mucosa. The rats were forced to inhale SO2 and the effect on the nasal mucosa observed. The rats were divided into four groups. The first group inhaled 10ppm SO2; the second group 20ppm; the third group 40 ppm and the fourth group served as control. The observation lasted for 6 months. It was found that the nasal mucosa in the control group remained columnar ciliated. In the experimental groups, during the early stage (groups I, II) of exposure, there was no significant morphological change in epithelium. Then (groups I, II) the epithelium changed into cuboidal with complete disappearance of cilia, only some short and slender microvilli remained. While in the late stage (group III), the epithelium had transformed into squamous stratified and the amount of mucosal glands reduced.

A study to analyze the different patterns of quid usage among subjects with chewer′s mucosa

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Saba Khan

2012-01-01

Full Text Available Aim: Betel chewer′s mucosa, although not considered as a potentially malignant lesion, has been suggested to be a precursor of oral submucous fibrosis (OSMF. Thus a study was undertaken to asses various quid chewing patterns in patients with chewer′s mucosa and to evaluate possible association between chewer′s mucosa and a particular quid usage patter. Materials and methods: The study was done on 150 subjects clinically diagnosed of having chewers mucosa lesion. After complete oral examination, a detailed habit history was taken through preformed questionnaire. The data obtained was analyzed using Chi-square test. Results: Among the 150 subjects males to female ratio was 8:2- Majority of the subjects were within the age group of 20 to 30 years and chewed a combination of betel leaf, arecanut, tobacco, lime- Majority of the subjects of chewer′s mucosa used the quid for a duration of 1 to 5 years, a frequency of three to five quid per day. Conclusion: In the present study, chewers mucosa was seen in majority of the subjects who used the quid for a duration of 1 to 5 years, a frequency of three to five quid per day and chewed the quid containing betel leaf, arecanut, tobacco, lime as its constituents.

A comparison of Helicobacter pylori and non-Helicobacter pylori Helicobacter spp. Binding to canine gastric mucosa with defined gastric glycophenotype.

Science.gov (United States)

Amorim, Irina; Freitas, Daniela P; Magalhães, Ana; Faria, Fátima; Lopes, Célia; Faustino, Augusto M; Smet, Annemieke; Haesebrouck, Freddy; Reis, Celso A; Gärtner, Fátima

2014-08-01

The gastric mucosa of dogs is often colonized by non-Helicobacter pylori helicobacters (NHPH), while H. pylori is the predominant gastric Helicobacter species in humans. The colonization of the human gastric mucosa by H. pylori is highly dependent on the recognition of host glycan receptors. Our goal was to define the canine gastric mucosa glycophenotype and to evaluate the capacity of different gastric Helicobacter species to adhere to the canine gastric mucosa. The glycosylation profile in body and antral compartments of the canine gastric mucosa, with focus on the expression of histo-blood group antigens was evaluated. The in vitro binding capacity of FITC-labeled H. pylori and NHPH to the canine gastric mucosa was assessed in cases representative of the canine glycosylation pattern. The canine gastric mucosa lacks expression of type 1 Lewis antigens and presents a broad expression of type 2 structures and A antigen, both in the surface and glandular epithelium. Regarding the canine antral mucosa, H. heilmannii s.s. presented the highest adhesion score whereas in the body region the SabA-positive H. pylori strain was the strain that adhered more. The canine gastric mucosa showed a glycosylation profile different from the human gastric mucosa suggesting that alternative glycan receptors may be involved in Helicobacter spp. binding. Helicobacter pylori and NHPH strains differ in their ability to adhere to canine gastric mucosa. Among the NHPH, H. heilmannii s.s. presented the highest adhesion capacity in agreement with its reported colonization of the canine stomach. © 2014 John Wiley & Sons Ltd.

Abundance of Enterobacteriaceae in the colon mucosa in diverticular disease.

Science.gov (United States)

Linninge, Caroline; Roth, Bodil; Erlanson-Albertsson, Charlotte; Molin, Göran; Toth, Ervin; Ohlsson, Bodil

2018-02-15

To compare gut bacterial diversity and amount of Enterobacteriaceae in colonic mucosa between patients with and without diverticular disease (DD). Patients in a stable clinical condition with planned elective colonoscopy were included. Blood samples and colon mucosa biopsies were collected at the colonoscopy. Study questionnaires including questions about gastrointestinal symptoms were completed by the patients and physicians. DNA from mucosa samples was isolated and the amount of Enterobacteriaceae was estimated using PCR assay. Terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism was applied to assess microbial diversity. Diversity was estimated by calculations of richness (number of terminal restriction fragments) and Shannon-Wiener and Simpson's indices. A total of 51 patients were included, 16 patients with DD [68 (62-76) years] and 35 controls [62 (40-74) years] without any diverticula. Patients with DD had significantly higher levels of Enterobacteriaceae than those without DD ( P = 0.043), and there was an inverse relationship between the amount of Enterobacteriaceae and the Simpson's index (rs = -0.361, P = 0.033) and the Shannon-Wiener index (rs = -0.299, P = 0.081). The Simpson's index ( P = 0.383), Shannon-Wiener index ( P = 0.401) or number of restrictions fragments ( P = 0.776) did not differ between DD and controls. The majority of patients experienced gastrointestinal symptoms, and 22 patients (43.1%) fulfilled the criteria for irritable bowel syndrome, with no difference between the groups ( P = 0.212). Demography, socioeconomic status, lifestyle habits, inflammatory biomarkers, or symptoms were not related to the amount of Enterobacteriaceae or bacterial diversity. Patients with DD had higher amount of Enterobacteriaceae in the colon mucosa compared to patients without diverticula.

[Comparative study of lymphoid follicles in mucosa of pharynx and mucosal associated lymphoid tissues in paranasal sinuses].

Science.gov (United States)

Zhai, Weigang; Yao, Min; Chen, Jue

2013-08-01

To study the relationship between the lymphoid follicles in mucous membrane of pharynx and mucosal associated lymphoid tissues (MALT). Ten folliculi obtained from 10 patients of follicular pharyngitis and mucosa taken form 10 patients of paranasal sinusitis were fixed in neutral formalin and embedded in paraffin. Sections were prepared, stained by H. E and by immunohistochemical method staining with S-100,and observe by light microscopy. We observed the morphology of lymphoid follicles in mucous membrane of pharynx with MALT in mucosa of paranasal sinusitis as the contrast. Lymphoid follicles in mucosa of pharynx compared with MALT in the mucosa of paranasal sinuses, there was no mantle zone, no typical germinal center and no mucosal epithelium, immunological staining with S-100 was week. The lymphoid follicles in mucosa of pharynx does not belong to the MALT.

A dignidade humana como afirmação histórica

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Afonso Soares Oliveira Sobrinho

2013-04-01

Full Text Available Vivenciamos um mundo em que o econômico se sobrepõe ao político e as desigualdades sociais e culturais são tão marcantes e prevalece o consumismo sobre a vida tornando-a banal. A afirmação histórica da dignidade da pessoa humana como dimensão de direitos faz-se mister na busca pela efetividade dos direitos sociais no novo constitucionalismo.

Ex Vivo Correlation of the Permeability of Metoprolol Across Human and Porcine Buccal Mucosa

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Meng-Lund, Emil; Marxen, Eva; Pedersen, Anne Marie Lynge

2014-01-01

.0. In addition, hematoxylin-eosin and Alcian blue-van Gieson were used as tissue stains to evaluate the histology and the presence of acidic polysaccharides (e.g., mucins), respectively. The permeability of metoprolol was decreased in human buccal mucosa by almost twofold when compared with porcine buccal mucosa...

Nivel de conocimientos de médicos generales integrales de Las Tunas sobre nutrición humana

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Eslhey Sánchez Domínguez

2014-08-01

Full Text Available La nutrición humana es un instrumento imprescindible a la hora de realizar intervenciones de salud, para ello se requiere de profesionales con un nivel adecuado de conocimientos sobre esta materia. Se realizó un estudio observacional, descriptivo, transversal, en las cuatro áreas de salud del municipio de Las Tunas, en el período comprendido entre septiembre de 2010 y febrero de 2011. El objetivo de la investigación fue caracterizar los niveles de conocimientos sobre nutrición humana que tienen los especialistas y los residentes en medicina general integral. La muestra quedó conformada por 162 profesionales, a los que se les aplicó un cuestionario estructurado en cinco temas. Se realizó el análisis porcentual de los resultados y, de acuerdo al análisis integral del cuestionario, el 56,2% demostró conocimientos en los niveles medio y alto, el resto evidenció insuficiencias significativas (71 profesionales. Por el tipo de pregunta, el 49,4% (80 profesionales reveló dificultades en diferentes aspectos que constituyen generalidades de nutrición humana. En contraste con ello, el 62,3% demostró niveles de conocimientos medios y altos acerca del empleo de la nutrición en la prevención y tratamiento de enfermedades. Por temas, las deficiencias se centraron en: Aspectos generales y Alimentos, con el 51,2 y 58,7%, respectivamente. Se concluye que en los profesionales incluidos en el estudio existió un discreto predominio de los que poseen niveles de conocimientos medios y altos sobre nutrición humana. Las mayores deficiencias cognoscitivas estuvieron al relacionar los nutrientes con los alimentos y en aspectos generales de nutrición, que es necesario tener presente a la hora de promocionar estilos de vida saludables

La cultura comunicada en el origen de la violencia humana

OpenAIRE

Garrido Lora, Manuel

2003-01-01

La ciencia actual considera la preponderancia de los factores culturales sobre los biológicos en la determinación de la violencia humana intraespecífica.Con independencia de los propósitos –intrumentales o emocionales– y los agentes –individuos o grupos -, la violencia está presente en todas las culturas, como demuestran los más recientes estudios antropológicos. Los valores culturales dominantes determinan el desarrollo o inhibición de pautas de comportamiento violento a partir d...

Mycobacterium leprae is identified in the oral mucosa from paucibacillary and multibacillary leprosy patients.

Science.gov (United States)

Morgado de Abreu, M A M; Roselino, A M; Enokihara, M; Nonogaki, S; Prestes-Carneiro, L E; Weckx, L L M; Alchorne, M M A

2014-01-01

In leprosy, the nasal mucosa is considered as the principal route of transmission for the bacillus Mycobacterium leprae. The objective of this study was to identify M. leprae in the oral mucosa of 50 untreated leprosy patients, including 21 paucibacillary (PB) and 29 multibacillary (MB) patients, using immunohistochemistry (IHC), with antibodies against bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) and phenolic glycolipid antigen-1 (PGL-1), and polymerase chain reaction (PCR), with MntH-specific primers for M. leprae, and to compare the results. The material was represented by 163 paraffin blocks containing biopsy samples obtained from clinically normal sites (including the tongue, buccal mucosa and soft palate) and visible lesions anywhere in the oral mucosa. All patients and 158 available samples were included for IHC study. Among the 161 available samples for PCR, 110 had viable DNA. There was viable DNA in at least one area of the oral mucosa for 47 patients. M. leprae was detected in 70% and 78% of patients using IHC and PCR, respectively, and in 94% of the patients by at least one of the two diagnostic methods. There were no differences in detection of M. leprae between MB and PB patients. Similar results were obtained using anti-BCG and anti-PGL-1 antibodies, and immunoreactivity occurred predominantly on free-living bacteria on the epithelial surface, with a predilection for the tongue. Conversely, there was no area of predilection according to the PCR results. M. leprae is present in the oral mucosa at a high frequency, implicating this site as a potential means of leprosy transmission. © 2013 The Authors Clinical Microbiology and Infection © 2013 European Society of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases.

Blood-group-related carbohydrates are expressed in organotypic cultures of human skin and oral mucosa

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Grøn, B; Andersson, A; Dabelsteen, Erik

1999-01-01

cultures. The organotypic skin and oral mucosa cultures showed a histological differentiation pattern analogous to that of normal skin and buccal mucosa, and a tissue-specific expression of carbohydrate structures and cytokeratins. However, both types of organotypic cultures also expressed markers which...... are normally seen during wound healing, including Lewis y, cytokeratin 16, and cytokeratin 19. We conclude that the organotypic cultures of oral mucosa and skin are suitable models for future studies of the function of cell-surface carbohydrates, although the expression of wound healing markers has to be taken...... the function of cell-surface carbohydrates, we established organotypic cultures of skin and buccal mucosa. In these cultures, keratinocytes are grown at the air-liquid interface on a supporting matrix consisting of homologous fibroblasts embedded in a collagen type I gel. We examined the expression of blood...

Roseomonas mucosa Isolated from Bloodstream of Pediatric Patient ▿

Science.gov (United States)

Bard, J. Dien; Deville, J. G.; Summanen, P. H.; Lewinski, M. A.

2010-01-01

We report a case of catheter-related bacteremia associated with Roseomonas mucosa isolated from an immunocompromised pediatric patient with a history of multiple episodes of urinary tract infection and bacteremia. PMID:20534804

Ocorrência de um novo caso de singamose humana em São Paulo, Brasil

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V. A. Santos

1986-10-01

Full Text Available Os autores relatam um caso de Singamose humana pela espécie Syngamus laryngeus, RAILLIET, 1899, eliminada espontaneamente durante forte acesso de tosse. A presente nota registra o 12° caso humano dessa parasitose no Brasil e o 2." em São Paulo.

Ocorrência de fascioliasis humana no município de Volta Redonda, RJ, Brasil

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E Pile

2000-08-01

Full Text Available Através do resultado de exames coprológicos realizados em pacientes atendidos em postos de saúde e hospitais do município de Volta Redonda, assinala-se a primeira ocorrência da fascioliasis humana no Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Brasil.

Ocorrência de fascioliasis humana no município de Volta Redonda, RJ, Brasil

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Pile E

2000-01-01

Full Text Available Através do resultado de exames coprológicos realizados em pacientes atendidos em postos de saúde e hospitais do município de Volta Redonda, assinala-se a primeira ocorrência da fascioliasis humana no Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Brasil.

Early remodeling of nasal mucosa in rat model after radiation injury

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Xiao Mang; Tang Jianguo; Luo Baozhen; Zhao Li'na; Shi Guozhi

2008-01-01

Objective: To explore the feature of nasal mucosa remodeling in experimental radiation injury. Methods: Fourty male rats were randomly divided into five groups, as control group and radiation injury groups (radiation dose were 20 Gy, 30 Gy, 40 Gy and 50 Gy). Each group had 8 rats. Two weeks after the last irradiation, the rats were killed and the nasal middle turbinates of the animals were removed. The tissue blocks were embedded in paraffin. The paraffin sections were stained with hematoxylin and eosin (HE), alcian blue- periodic acid-Schif (AB-PAS), and Masson Trichrome (MT). The infiltrating eosinophils in nasal mucosa were examined. AB-PAS positive cells in the surface epithelium in nasal mucosa were counted. The percentage of area in MT stained extracellular matrix in nasal mucosa and damage of epithelium were determined by an image analyzer. Results: The control group only presented a few eosinophils. Significant eosinophil infiltration was observed in the radiation injury groups, especially for the 30 Gy radiation injury group. Compared with the control group, there was no significant epithelial damage in 20 Gy radiation injury group. Significant epithelial damage were observed in the rest of radiation injury groups. The epithelial damage became more severe as the radiation dose increasing. A little but not significant increase in AB-PAS positive cells was observed in the mucos of the 20 Gy radiation injury group and significant increase in the 30 and 40 Gy groups. But in the 50 Gy radiation injury group, the AB-PAS positive cells were decreased compared with control group. The collagen fibrils in the mucosa of nasal middle turbinate in 20 Gy radiation injury group did not significantly increase.. But in the other groups, the increase was significant compared with that of control group. Furthermore, collagen fibrils increased as the radiation dose increased. Conclusions: Epithelial damage, goblet cells hyperplasia and extracellular matrix deposition are the

Characterisation of Roseomonas mucosa isolated from the root canal of an infected tooth.

Science.gov (United States)

Diesendorf, Nina; Köhler, Stefanie; Geißdörfer, Walter; Grobecker-Karl, Tanja; Karl, Matthias; Burkovski, Andreas

2017-06-14

The genus Roseomonas comprises a group of pink-pigmented, slow-growing, aerobic, non-fermentative Gram-negative bacteria, which have been isolated from environmental sources such as water and soil, but are also associated with human infections. In the study presented here, Roseomonas mucosa was identified for the first time as part of the endodontic microbiota of an infected root canal and characterised in respect to growth, antibiotic susceptibility and biofilm formation. The isolated R. mucosa strain showed strong slime formation and was resistant to most β-lactam antibiotics, while it was susceptible to aminoglycosides, carbapenemes, fluorochinolones, polymyxines, sulfonamides and tetracyclines. Biofilm formation on artificial surfaces (glass, polystyrene, gutta-percha) and on teeth was tested using colorimetric and fluorescence microscopic assays. While solid biofilms were formed on glass surfaces, on the hydrophobic surface of gutta-percha points, no confluent but localised, spotty biofilms were observed. Furthermore, R. mucosa was able form biofilms on dentin. The data obtained indicate that R. mucosa can support establishment of endodontic biofilms and furthermore, infected root canals might serve as an entrance pathway for blood stream infections by this emerging pathogen.

Características de la transmisión perinatal del virus de la inmunodeficiencia humana en la región zuliana

OpenAIRE

Villalobos, Noren

2002-01-01

Objetivo: Determinar las características de la transmisión perinatal del virus de la inmunodeficiencia humana en la región zuliana, y establecer la efectividad de la terapia antirretroviral empleada. Método: Estudio retrospectivo, descriptivo, simple y estratificado de embarazadas con virus de inmunodeficiencia humana positivo diagnosticadas antes o durante el embarazo, entre el 1º de julio de 1996 hasta el 31 de diciembre de 2000. Ambiente: Departamento Obstétrico del Hospital Universitario ...

Segurança de fármacos citotóxicos em medicina veterinária versus medicina humana

OpenAIRE

Palminha, Joana Isabel Mariano

2010-01-01

Dissertação de Mestrado Integrado em Medicina Veterinária A utilização de fármacos citotóxicos em Medicina Humana iniciou-se na década de 40, e desde então tem vindo a evoluir, tornando-se numa prática corrente na terapêutica oncológica. A exposição a estes fármacos representa um risco de saúde ocupacional, documentado em diversos estudos. Por esta razão, em Medicina Humana, as regras de segurança para a manipulação destes fármacos constituem um assunto muito discutido, exis...

The Effect of Propolis in Healing Injured Nasal Mucosa: An Experimental Study

Science.gov (United States)

El-Anwar, Mohammad Waheed; Abdelmonem, Said; Abdelsameea, Ahmed A.; AlShawadfy, Mohamed; El-Kashishy, Kamal

2016-01-01

Introduction  Mechanical trauma to the nasal mucosa increases the risk of synechia formation, especially after chronic rhinosinusitis and nasal surgeries. Objective  This study was carried to assess the effect of propolis administration in healing injured nasal mucosa in rats. Methods  We randomly divided eighteen rats into three equal experimental groups: (1) non-treated group; (2) gum tragacanth (suspending agent for propolis) treated group; and (3) propolis treated group. The non-treated group received no treatment for 15 days. The second group received gum tragacanth administration (5 ml/kg, orally) once daily for 15 days. The third group received propolis suspension orally at a dose of 100 mg/kg once daily for 15 days. At the beginning of this study, we induced unilateral mechanical nasal trauma on the right nasal mucosa of all rats in the three groups using a brushing technique. A pathologist stained tissue samples using hematoxylin and examined eosin by using a light microscope. Results  The severity of inflammation was milder with the absence of ulcerations in the propolis treated group compared with the non-treated and gum tragacanth groups. Goblet cell and ciliated cell loss was substantially lower in patients treated with propolis compared with groups without treatment and those treated with gum tragacanth. Conclusion  Propolis decreased inflammation and enhanced healing of wounds of the nasal mucosa in rats. PMID:27413403

The Effect of Propolis in Healing Injured Nasal Mucosa: An Experimental Study

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El-Anwar, Mohammad Waheed

2016-02-01

Full Text Available Introduction Mechanical trauma to the nasal mucosa increases the risk of synechia formation, especially after chronic rhinosinusitis and nasal surgeries. Objective This study was carried to assess the effect of propolis administration in healing injured nasal mucosa in rats. Methods We randomly divided eighteen rats into three equal experimental groups: (1 non-treated group; (2 gum tragacanth (suspending agent for propolis treated group; and (3 propolis treated group. The non-treated group received no treatment for 15 days. The second group received gum tragacanth administration (5 ml/kg, orally once daily for 15 days. The third group received propolis suspension orally at a dose of 100 mg/kg once daily for 15 days. At the beginning of this study, we induced unilateral mechanical nasal trauma on the right nasal mucosa of all rats in the three groups using a brushing technique. A pathologist stained tissue samples using hematoxylin and examined eosin by using a light microscope. Results The severity of inflammation was milder with the absence of ulcerations in the propolis treated group compared with the non-treated and gum tragacanth groups. Goblet cell and ciliated cell loss was substantially lower in patients treated with propolis compared with groups without treatment and those treated with gum tragacanth. Conclusion Propolis decreased inflammation and enhanced healing of wounds of the nasal mucosa in rats.

La vida humana como principio interpretativo radical en la filosofía de Ortega y Gasset

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Antonio Gutiérrez-Pozo

2012-12-01

Full Text Available En este artículo presentamos el concepto de vida humana como texto eterno en el pensamiento de Ortega y sus consecuencias para el problema de la interpretación. La filosofía de la razón vital de Ortega se fundamenta en el concepto de vida humana como realidad radical y principio interpretativo universal, y por esta razón se presenta desde el principio como una filosofía hermenéutica de la vida y no como una reducción hacia la conciencia trascendental. Esta hermenéutica se practica especialmente en el ámbito del arte. Pero para Ortega todo texto es hermenéutico y necesita por tanto la interpretación, porque ningún texto posee en sí mismo su verdad.

Duodenal Bulb Mucosa with Hypertrophic Gastric Oxyntic Heterotopia in Patients with Zollinger Ellison Syndrome

Science.gov (United States)

Kohan, Emil; Oh, David; Wang, Hank; Hazany, Salar; Ohning, Gordon; Pisegna, Joseph R.

2009-01-01

Objectives. Zollinger-Ellison Syndrome (ZES) results in hypersecretion of gastric acid (via gastrinoma) leading to peptic ulcers, diarrhea, and abdominal pain. We describe the novel discovery of hypertrophic, heterotopic gastric mucosa in the proximal duodenal bulb in patients with ZES, which we hypothesize results in an increased incidence of postbulbar ulcers in patients with ZES (a mechanism previously unreported). We determined the incidence of the novel finding of duodenal gastric oxyntic hypertrophic heterotopia (GOH) in patients with ZES. Methods. Seven patients with ZES were enrolled. The diagnosis of ZES was established by hypergastrinemia, gastric acid hypersecretion, and a positive secretin test or based on biopsy specimens (evaluated via tissue staining). Basal acid output (BAO) and baseline gastrin secretion were determined by established methods. Endoscopic examinations with methylene blue staining and biopsy of the gastric and duodenal mucosa were conducted in all patients every 3–6 months for an average of 5 years. Results. The duodenal mucosa demonstrated hypertrophic GOH in 5 out of 7 patients with ZES and an intact stomach and duodenum. Biopsies from the bowel mucosa demonstrated patchy replacement of surface epithelium by gastric-type epithelium with hypertrophic oxyntic glands in the lamina propria in 5 patients. Two of the patients had no evidence of GOH in the duodenal bulb. Patients with GOH had an average serum gastrin level of 1245 pg/mL and BAO of 2.92 mEq/hr versus 724 pg/mL and 0.8 mEq/hr in patients without GOH. Conclusions. This study demonstrated the presence of duodenal mucosa with GOH in 5 out of 7 patients with ZES and an intact stomach and duodenum. The presence of hypertrophic and heterotopic gastric mucosa is proposed to result from increased gastrin levels and may contribute to the increased incidence of postbulbar ulcers in these patients. PMID:19587828

Duodenal Bulb Mucosa with Hypertrophic Gastric Oxyntic Heterotopia in Patients with Zollinger Ellison Syndrome

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Emil Kohan

2009-01-01

Full Text Available Objectives. Zollinger-Ellison Syndrome (ZES results in hypersecretion of gastric acid (via gastrinoma leading to peptic ulcers, diarrhea, and abdominal pain. We describe the novel discovery of hypertrophic, heterotopic gastric mucosa in the proximal duodenal bulb in patients with ZES, which we hypothesize results in an increased incidence of postbulbar ulcers in patients with ZES (a mechanism previously unreported. We determined the incidence of the novel finding of duodenal gastric oxyntic hypertrophic heterotopia (GOH in patients with ZES. Methods. Seven patients with ZES were enrolled. The diagnosis of ZES was established by hypergastrinemia, gastric acid hypersecretion, and a positive secretin test or based on biopsy specimens (evaluated via tissue staining. Basal acid output (BAO and baseline gastrin secretion were determined by established methods. Endoscopic examinations with methylene blue staining and biopsy of the gastric and duodenal mucosa were conducted in all patients every 3–6 months for an average of 5 years. Results. The duodenal mucosa demonstrated hypertrophic GOH in 5 out of 7 patients with ZES and an intact stomach and duodenum. Biopsies from the bowel mucosa demonstrated patchy replacement of surface epithelium by gastric-type epithelium with hypertrophic oxyntic glands in the lamina propria in 5 patients. Two of the patients had no evidence of GOH in the duodenal bulb. Patients with GOH had an average serum gastrin level of 1245 pg/mL and BAO of 2.92 mEq/hr versus 724 pg/mL and 0.8 mEq/hr in patients without GOH. Conclusions. This study demonstrated the presence of duodenal mucosa with GOH in 5 out of 7 patients with ZES and an intact stomach and duodenum. The presence of hypertrophic and heterotopic gastric mucosa is proposed to result from increased gastrin levels and may contribute to the increased incidence of postbulbar ulcers in these patients.

Effects of nonpathogenic bacteria on cytokine secretion by human intestinal mucosa.

Science.gov (United States)

Borruel, Natalia; Casellas, Francesc; Antolín, María; Llopis, Marta; Carol, Monica; Espíin, Eloy; Naval, Javier; Guarner, Francisco; Malagelada, Juan R

2003-04-01

The human intestine harbors a complex microbial ecosystem, and the mucosa is the interface between the immune system and the luminal environment. The aim of this study was to elucidate whether host-bacteria interactions influence mucosal cytokine production. Macroscopically normal colonic specimens were obtained at surgery from eight patients with neoplasm, and inflamed ileal specimens were obtained from two patients with Crohn's disease. Mucosal explants were cultured for 24 h with either nonpathogenic Escherichia coli ECOR-26, Lactobacillus casei DN-114 001, L. casei DN-114 056, L. casei ATCC-334, or Lactobacillus bulgaricus LB-10. Each study included blank wells with no bacteria. Tissue and bacteria viability were confirmed by LDH release and culture. Concentration of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)alpha, transforming growth factor beta1, interleukin (IL)-8, and IL-10 was measured in supernatants. In parallel experiments, neutralizing anti-TNFalpha antibody was added to the culture. Co-culture of mucosa with bacteria did not modify LDH release. Co-culture with L. casei strains significantly reduced TNFalpha release, whereas E. coli increased it. These effects were observed both in normal and inflamed mucosa. In combination studies, L. casei DN-114 001 prevented TNFalpha stimulation by E. coli. L. casei DN-114 001 also reduced IL-8 release via a TNFalpha-independent pathway. L. casei DN-114 056 or E. coli increased IL-10 release in the presence of neutralizing anti-TNFalpha. Nonpathogenic bacteria interact with human intestinal mucosa and can induce changes in cytokine production that are strain specific.

Functional Properties of Lactobacillus mucosae Strains Isolated from Brazilian Goat Milk.

Science.gov (United States)

de Moraes, Georgia Maciel Dias; de Abreu, Louricélia Rodrigues; do Egito, Antônio Silvio; Salles, Hévila Oliveira; da Silva, Liana Maria Ferreira; Nero, Luís Augusto; Todorov, Svetoslav Dimitrov; Dos Santos, Karina Maria Olbrich

2017-09-01

The search for probiotic candidates among lactic acid bacteria (LAB) isolated from food may uncover new strains with promising health and technological properties. Lactobacillus mucosae strains attracted recent research attention due to their ability to adhere to intestinal mucus and to inhibit pathogens in the gastrointestinal tract, both related to a probiotic potential. Properties of interest and safety aspects of three Lb. mucosae strains (CNPC006, CNPC007, and CNPC009) isolated from goat milk were investigated employing in vitro tests. The presence of genetic factors related to bile salt hydrolase production (bsh), intestinal adhesion properties (msa, map, mub, and ef-tu), virulence, and biogenic amine production were also verified. All strains exhibited the target map, mub, and ef-tu sequences; the msa gene was detected in CNPC006 and CNPC007 strains. Some of the searched sequences for virulence factors were detected, especially in the CNPC009 strain; all strains carried the hyl gene, related to the production of hyaluronidase. Lb. mucosae CNPC007 exhibited a high survival rate in simulated gastric and enteric conditions. Besides, all strains exhibited the bsh sequence, and CNPC006 and CNPC007 were able to deconjugate salts of glycodeoxycholic acid (GDC). Regarding technological properties for dairy product applications, a relatively higher milk acidification and clotting capacity, diacetyl production, and proteolytic activity were registered for CNPC007 in comparison to the other strains. Collectively, the results aim at Lb. mucosae CNPC007 as a promising probiotic candidate for application in dairy products, deserving further studies to confirm and explore its potential.

Cytologic alterations in the oral mucosa after chronic exposure to ethanol Alterações citológicas na mucosa bucal após exposição crônica ao etanol

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Sílvia Regina de Almeida Reis

2006-04-01

Full Text Available The effects of ethanol alone on the oral mucosa are still poorly understood, especially because there are few non-smoking chronic consumers of alcoholic beverages. The aim of this study was to evaluate the frequency of micronucleus, abnormal nucleus/cytoplasm ratio, pyknosis, karyorrhexis and karyolysis in exfoliated cells from the buccal mucosa and from the lateral border of the tongue in 36 non-smoker alcoholics (ethanol group and 18 non-smokers and non-drinkers (control group. The Papanicolaou method was used. Since alcoholics generally have hepatobiliary involvement, the association between serum gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase (GGT and some of the analyzed oral mucosa alterations was also investigated. The ethanol group showed a significant increase in the frequency of all alterations analyzed in the tongue cells when compared with the control group (p 0.05; Mann-Whitney. In the ethanol group, the correlation between serum GGT and the frequency of micronucleus and abnormal nucleus/cytoplasm ratio in oral mucosa cells was not significant (p > 0.05; Spearman. In conclusion, chronic exposure to ethanol may be associated with carcinogenic cytologic changes in the oral mucosa, even in the absence of tobacco smoking. These alterations were not correlated with hepatobiliary injury.Os efeitos do etanol isoladamente sobre a mucosa bucal permanecem pouco esclarecidos, sobretudo devido ao baixo número de não-fumantes consumidores crônicos de bebidas alcoólicas. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar as freqüências de micronúcleo, relação núcleo/citoplasma anormal, picnose, cariorrexe e cariólise em células esfoliadas da mucosa jugal e do bordo lateral da língua de 36 alcoólatras não-fumantes (grupo etanol e 18 abstêmios de álcool e fumo (grupo controle. O método de Papanicolaou foi utilizado. Uma vez que indivíduos alcoólatras geralmente apresentam comprometimento hepatobiliar, a associação entre gama-glutamil transpeptidase (GGT s

Safe and successful birth following pelvic radiotherapy for rectal mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma: a case report.

Science.gov (United States)

Hatayama, Yoshiomi; Aoki, Masahiko; Kawaguchi, Hideo; Hirose, Katsumi; Sato, Mariko; Akimoto, Hiroyoshi; Tanaka, Mitsuki; Fujioka, Ichitaro; Ono, Shuichi; Takai, Yoshihiro

2017-02-01

Mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphomas can occur in various parts of the body, and half of mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphomas occur in the gastrointestinal tract. Gastric mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma is the most common lymphoma of the gastrointestinal tract and primary rectal mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma is very rare. Because of the high radiosensitivity of mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphomas, this condition can be controlled with radiotherapy of approximately 30 Gy alone. However, ovarian dysfunction as an adverse event of radiotherapy for pelvic lesions can become a problem in girls and women. We report a case of a 28-year-old woman with rectal mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma who safely gave birth to a baby following 30.6 Gy radiotherapy to her whole rectum. A 28-year-old Japanese woman became aware of bloody stools and was diagnosed as having Lugano I rectal mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma. She was referred to our institute and initiated on radiotherapy. However, she expressed a desire to bear children. We used horizontally opposed pair fields for radiotherapy to minimize the irradiation to her endometrium and ovary. A total dose of 30.6 Gy was given in 17 fractions of 1.8 Gy by 10-Megavolt X-ray linear accelerator. As a result, one-third of her uterus and half of her ovary were outside the irradiation field. After approximately 1 year of treatment, positive pregnancy was confirmed and finally she safely gave birth to a baby girl without congenital abnormalities. This report provides hope for girls and women who have undergone irradiation for pelvic mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphomas and who desire to bear children.

Ectopic gastric mucosa in the duodenal bulb

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Schnell, H.; Oehler, G.; Schulz, A.; Rau, W.S.; Giessen Univ.; Giessen Univ.

1989-01-01

The radiological and clinical findings of 12 patients with ectopic gastric mucosa in the duodenal bulb are presented. This is a defined disease with characteristic radiological features: multiple small nodular defects of the contrast medium of 1-3 mm diameter. Histology shows complete heterotopia. Pathogenesis and clinical significance are discussed with reference to the literature on this subject. (orig.) [de

LA DIGNIDAD DE LA PERSONA HUMANA EN LA COMUNIDAD POLITICA. UNA LECTURA MORAL DE LA OBRA DE TOMAS DE AQUINO

OpenAIRE

MARTINEZ ZEPEDA, JEAN-PAUL

2013-01-01

Se examina la naturaleza de la dignidad de la persona humana en la comunidad política desde la reflexión de Tomás de Aquino. La dignidad humana reconoce la dignidad ontológica del hombre como capacidad de conocer y amar su fin trascendente y la dignidad moral que concierne al ejercicio de la libertad para alcanzar la felicidad. La dimensión ontológica del hombre permite su dimensión moral al reconocer en el derecho natural humano las inclinaciones naturales a bienes intelectuales, morales y m...

Helicobacter pylori and histopathological changes of gastric mucosa ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

Helicobacter pylori and histopathological changes of gastric mucosa in Uganda population with varying prevalence of stomach cancer. ... Results: The severity of gastritis correlated with the presence of H. pylori in Ganda and Nyarwanda but not in Nkole. Intestinal metaplasia (IM) was observed in Nyarwanda and Nkole and ...

Oral Mucosa Harbors a High Frequency of Endothelial Cells: A Novel Postnatal Cell Source for Angiogenic Regeneration.

Science.gov (United States)

Zhou, Jian; Rogers, Jason H; Lee, Scott H; Sun, DongMing; Yao, Hai; Mao, Jeremy J; Kong, Kimi Y

2017-01-15

Endothelial progenitor cells/endothelial cells (EPCs/ECs) have great potential to treat pathological conditions such as cardiac infarction, muscle ischemia, and bone fractures, but isolation of EPC/ECs from existing cell sources is challenging due to their low EC frequency. We have isolated endothelial progenitor (EP)-like cells from rat oral mucosa and characterized their yield, immunophenotype, growth, and in vivo angiogenic potential. The frequency of EP-like cells derived from oral mucosa is thousands of folds higher than EPCs derived from donor-match bone marrow samples. EP-like cells from oral mucosa were positive for EC markers CD31, VE-Cadherin, and VEGFR2. Oral mucosa-derived EP-like cells displayed robust uptake of acetylated low-density lipoprotein and formed stable capillary networks in Matrigel. Subcutaneously implanted oral mucosa-derived EP-like cells anastomosed with host blood vessels, implicating their ability to elicit angiogenesis. Similar to endothelial colony-forming cells, EP-like cells from oral mucosa have a significantly higher proliferative rate than human umbilical vein endothelial cells. These findings identify a putative EPC source that is easily accessible in the oral cavity, potentially from discarded tissue specimens, and yet with robust yield and potency for angiogenesis in tissue and organ regeneration.

In memoriam. La obra de Claude Lévi–Strauss (1908–2009. Unidad humana y diferencia cultural

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Álvaro Pazos

2010-11-01

Full Text Available Uno de los temas fundamentales de la obra del antropólogo francés Claude Lévi–Strauss, recientemente fallecido, es el de la relación entre unidad humana y diferencia cultural. De diversas maneras, tanto en sus trabajos teóricos como en sus intervenciones públicas, Lévi– Strauss adoptó una particular forma de relativismo cultural. En este artículo se repasa lo que esta posición debe a los presupuestos básicos del estructuralismo; se refl exiona asimismo sobre las diversas nociones de Lévi–Strauss respecto de la unidad humana; y se introduce una crítica del relativismo estructuralista y una defensa de un universalismo de lo social.

EFFECT OF POLYMER PROSTHETIC CONSTRUCTION TREATED WITH GLOW-DISCHARGE PLASMA ON ORAL MUCOSA (CLINICAL CASE

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E. O. Kudasova

2017-01-01

Full Text Available Prosthetic material should induce minimal pathological reaction when in contact with the oral mucosa, especially during oral rehabilitation of patients with tumors of the oral mucosa. The article presents monitoring of a patient after surgery for cancer of the buccal mucosa at the stage of orthopedic rehabilitation. Treatment plan proposed complex oral rehabilitation. A maxillary complete removable denture was manufactured as well as metalloceramic and partial mandibular dentures. Plasma chemical modification of the removable dentures was planned after correction of the prosthetics and primary adaptation. Removable dentures were applied at the maxilla and mandibula. Per our recommendations, the patient was examined weekly for a month and monthly for 6 months. No new tumors or pathological elements were observed.Conclusions. Changes in critical surface tension of the removable dentures made of acrylic plastic improve their biological characteristics as demonstrated by positive clinical dynamics. Prosthetic constructions with hydrophilic surface are recommended in complex clinical cases when patients with tumors of the oral mucosa require dentures.

[Evaluation of bronchial mucosa involvement in sarcoidosis patients using ¹⁸F-FDG PET-CT].

Science.gov (United States)

Zhang, Chunyang; Feng, Huasong; Zhang, Yan; Lei, Xiao; Liang, Yingkui; Ding, Xinmin; Meng, Jiguang; Han, Zhihai

2014-11-01

To explore the value of ¹⁸F-FDG PET-CT in evaluating bronchial mucosa involvement in patients with saroidosis. A retrospective analysis was conducted among 6 sarcoidosis patients with and 14 patients without bronchial mucosa involvement to collect the data including the standard uptake value (SUVMax/Mean) of ¹⁸F-FDG, serum angiotensin converting enzyme (sACE), and proportion of lymphocytes and CD4⁺/CD8 ⁺ T lymphocyte ratio in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF). The lung focal SUV(Max/Mean) was higher in patients with bronchial mucosa involvement than those without (7.04 ± 5.83/5.00 ± 4.69 vs 5.68 ± 3.66/3.82 ± 2.39), but such differences were not statistically significant (P=0.565/0.495). The SUV(Max/Mean) of the hilum of the lung and the mediastina lymph nodes were significantly higher in patients with bronchial mucosa involvement (13.28 ± 5.57/10.48 ± 4.43 vs 6.20 ± 1.77/4.52 ± 1.43, P=0.0003/0.0002; 13.84 ± 4.35/9.69 ± 2.74 vs 7.16 ± 2.52/5.28 ± 1.77, P=0.0004/0.0004). The level of sACE and CD4⁺/CD8 ⁺ T lymphocyte ratio in BALF were also significantly higher in patients with bronchial mucosa involvement (60.58 ± 16.3 vs 49.16 ± 13.3 IU/L, P=0.045; 7.30 ± 5.0 vs 2.90 ± 3.1, P=0.026). The proportion of lymphocytes in BALF was comparable between the patients with and without bronchial mucosa involvement (44.10 ± 10.3% vs 35.30 ± 12.5%, P=0.148). For patients with saroidosis, ¹⁸F-FDG PET-CT is useful in evaluating bronchial mucosa involvement, which is one of the key features of active sarcoidosis.

Carprofen-induced oxidative stress in mitochondria of the colonic mucosa of the dog.

Science.gov (United States)

Snow, Lynne A; McConnico, Rebecca S; Morgan, Timothy W; Hartmann, Erica; Davidson, Jacqueline R; Hosgood, Giselle

2014-07-01

The purpose of the study was to compare the conductance and mannitol permeability of canine colonic mucosa in response to carprofen or 2,4-dinitrophenol (DNP) with or without tempol pretreatment. Ten colonic mucosa sections per dog were mounted in Ussing chambers. Treatments were done in duplicate. Mucosa was exposed to carprofen (200 μg/mL) or DNP (0.25 mM), both with and without tempol (1 mM) pretreatment. Conductance was calculated every 15 min for 240 min. Mannitol flux was calculated over 3 consecutive 60-minute periods. Histology or electron microscopy was done after exposure. Conductance over time, mannitol flux, frequency of histologic categories, and electron microscopic changes were analyzed for treatment effects. The mean ± standard deviation (SD) conductance over time for carprofen or DNP-treated colons was not significantly different from control regardless of tempol pretreatment. Period 3 mannitol fluxes for carprofen and DNP-treated colon were not significantly different, but were greater than control. Period 3 mannitol flux for tempol + carprofen was significantly less than tempol + DNP-treated colon. Sloughing of cells and erosions were seen in the mucosa of carprofen-treated colon. Mitochondrial damage was seen more often in carprofen-treated than DNP-treated or control colon. Tempol pretreatment resulted in more ruptured mitochondria in the carprofen-treated colon; however, other mitochondrial changes were not significantly affected by tempol pretreatment in either carprofen or DNP treated colon. Treatment with carprofen or DNP increased the mannitol flux, but pretreatment with tempol mitigated the carprofen effect. It is apparent that structural mitochondrial damage occurs in the canine colonic mucosa after carprofen and DNP exposure.

Honey and Apoptosis in Human Gastric Mucosa

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Alireza Ostadrahimi

2012-07-01

Full Text Available Background: Gastric cancer is the fourth most common malignancy in the world. Honey is acomplex mixture of special biological active constituents. Honey possesses antioxidant and antitumorproperties. Nutritional studies have indicated that consumption of honey modulates therisk of developing gastric cancer. On the other hand, apoptosis has been reported to play a decisiverole in precancerous changes. Our chief study was conducted to assess the relationship betweenconsumption of honey and apoptosis in human gastric mucosa.Method: This cross-sectional study was conducted on 98 subjects over 18 years old, referred totwo hospitals in Tabriz, Iran. Subjects were undergone an upper gastrointestinal endoscopy, 62subjects were finally enrolled. Honey consumption was assessed by a Food Frequency Questionnaire(FFQ and apoptosis was detected by TUNEL technique. We tested polynomial curve tofind the best fit between honey consumption and apoptosis.Results: A positive relation between honey consumption and apoptosis was found (P=0.024.Our results indicated that the final and the best fit curve was: apoptosis = 1.714+1.648(honeyamount - 0.533(honey amount2 +1.833×10-5(honey amount7.Conclusion: Honey consumption had positive effects on gastric cancer by inducing apoptosis ingastric mucosa.

Expression of core clock genes in colorectal tumour cells compared with normal mucosa

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Fonnes, S; Donatsky, A M; Gögenur, I

2015-01-01

AIM: Experimental studies have shown that some circadian core clock genes may act as tumour suppressors and have an important role in the response to oncological treatment. This study investigated the evidence regarding modified expression of core clock genes in colorectal cancer and its...... expression of colorectal cancer cells compared with healthy mucosa cells from specimens analysed by real-time or quantitative real-time polymer chain reaction. The expression of the core clock genes Period, Cryptochrome, Bmal1 and Clock in colorectal tumours were compared with healthy mucosa and correlated...... with clinicopathological features and survival. RESULTS: Seventy-four articles were identified and 11 studies were included. Overall, gene expression of Period was significantly decreased in colorectal cancer cells compared with healthy mucosa cells. This tendency was also seen in the gene expression of Clock. Other core...

An experimental study of the radiation-induced changes in the epithelium of the rat palatal mucosae

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Ahn, Sang Hee; Lee, Kang Sook; Sohn, Jung Ick; Choi, Karp Shick

1994-01-01

The purpose of this study was to investigate the irradiation effects on the palatal mucosa. For this study, Sprague-Dawley strain rats were irradiated to their head and neck region with the dose of 5 Gy and 10 Gy by 6MV X-radiation and sacrificed on the experimental periods after irradiation. The authors observed the histological changes of the hard and soft palatal mucosae. The results were as follows; In the light microscopic examination, hydropic change on the basal cells, increased cell size of the epithelium, and decreased epithelial cell layers were observed on the 3 hours, 6 hours, and 12 hours groups after irradiation. But, basal cell hyperplasia, increased epithelial cell layers, and elongated rete pegs were observed on the 3 days group after irradiation. After then, these changes were recovered in the mucosa of the hard palate on the 7 days and 14 days groups, and in the mucosa of the soft palate on the 14 days and 28 days groups after irradiation. And such changes were greater in the mucosa of the soft palate than in that of the hard palate, and more prominent in 10 Gy irradiated groups than in 5 Gy irradiated groups.

Review: Non-transecting bulbar urethroplasty using buccal mucosa ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

Review: Non-transecting bulbar urethroplasty using buccal mucosa. S Bugeja, S Ivaz, AV Frost, DE Andrich, AR Mundy. Abstract. Augmentation urethroplasty using oral mucosal graft has become the standard surgical treatment of long bulbar strictures. In very tight strictures the urethral plate is narrowed to the extent that an ...

Biological effect of low-dose application beta-radiation on the gingival mucosa of dogs

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Ippolitov, Yu.A.; Kovtun, N.N.; Timofeev, L.V.

1999-01-01

Biological effect of low-dose application beta-radiation on the gingival mucosa of dogs is studied. Obtained data illustrate the interactions between tissues in local exposure of live tissue to beta-radiation and determine the threshold total dose as 400 sGy. Higher doses lead to secondary changes in the gingival mucosa after which the tissue barrier does not recover [ru

Cuerpo y naturaleza humana en la obra de Hannah Arendt

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Nicolás Patierno

2016-06-01

Full Text Available http://dx.doi.org/10.5007/1807-1384.2016v13n2p1 Comúnmente suele asociarse a Hannah Arendt con temas como la filosofía política, los totalitarismos y una postura crítica hacia los pilares de la modernidad, heredada de su vinculación teórica con Jaspers y Heidegger. Pese a esa lectura tradicional, la obra de la autora abarca diversas cuestiones histórico-políticas emparentadas con las nociones de cuerpo y naturaleza; entre otras problemáticas de interés social. Asumiendo una metodología histórica-hermenéutica basada en la revisión documental de fuentes primarias y secundarias, el objetivo del presente artículo radica en el rastreo de dichos conceptos a través de sus principales obras. Entre éstas se encuentran Los orígenes del totalitarismo y La condición humana como escritos fundamentales a la hora de interpretar el concepto de cuerpo subordinado a la esfera política. Arendt desmiente la existencia de una naturaleza humana innata, prescrita e incuestionable. Es a partir de la experiencia de los campos de concentración, que la idea de naturaleza, de origen “natural” de los pueblos, quedó relegada a la interpretación e instrumentación en manos del orden político imperante, concluyendo que el totalitarismo, es el mayor exponente de esta pretensión absoluta de apropiación de “lo natural”.

Histomorphometric evaluation of small intestinal mucosa of red ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

Histomorphometry of the small intestinal mucosa of the red jungle fowl (RJF) and commercial broiler breed (CBC) from day one to four months post-hatch were investigated. For the sake of comparison between these two breeds, the following parameters were included: the number of villi, villus surface area and the intestinal ...

Multiple Mucous Retention Cysts (Mucocele of the Oral Mucosa: A Case Report

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Gholamreza Jahanshahi

2007-01-01

Full Text Available To our knowledge, the occurrence of multiple mucoceles is not very common. This case report presents a 62-year-old man with multiple nodules on the upper and lower labial mucosa as well as both buccal mucosae with unknown history. Histopathology evaluation showed minor salivary gland ducts dilated to the point of cyst formation. The cysts seemed to be formed either as a result of dilatation of salivary ducts due to altered secretion or because of an acquired or congenital weakness in the ductal structure. The physiopathology of these findings is discussed.

Clonación humana y otros conflictos éticos en La isla/ The Island (2005

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Antonio BLANCO MERCADÉ

2016-11-01

Full Text Available Los avances científicos y biotecnológicos se acompañan siempre de problemas éticos, algunos de los cuales se pueden identificar en La Isla. Un desastre ecológico pone en peligro la supervivencia de la especie humana y se impide a los individuos tomar sus decisiones libre y voluntariamente, anulando su condición moral para ser utilizados como medios. El fin perseguido en la película (trasplante de órganos para salvar vidas no justifica los medios empleados (clonación de donantes que ignoran su condición y son sacrificados. La donación de vivo ha de ser siempre voluntaria y gratuita, realizada tras un adecuado proceso de información. La clonación humana reproductiva es unánimemente rechazada, pero aún si se realiza con fines terapéuticos o de investigación y aunque esté legalmente permitida, sigue siendo motivo de fuerte controversia ética.

Intencionalidade em tomasello, searle, dennett e em abordagens comportamentais da cognição humana

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Sylvio Állan

Full Text Available A abordagem de Tomasello da evolução da cognição humana busca integrar processos biológicos, comportamentais e culturais em um mesmo sistema explicativo. No entanto, uma das principais críticas a essa abordagem é a necessidade de uma melhor elaboração do conceito de intencionalidade. O objetivo do presente trabalho foi: (1 analisar o tratamento de Tomasello do conceito de intencionalidade; e (2 estabelecer interlocuções desse tratamento com teorias da intencionalidade na filosofia da mente e com abordagens funcionalistas da cognição humana na psicologia comportamental. Sugerimos que o tratamento do conceito de intencionalidade na abordagem de Tomasello é compatível com essas teorias e abordagens. Além disso, a abordagem de Tomasello pode ampliar a investigação de processos simbólicos mais complexos do que aqueles tradicionalmente investigados pela psicologia comportamental.

Formação humana e competências: o debate nas diretrizes curriculares de psicologia

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Vinicius Cesca de Lima

2014-12-01

Full Text Available O artigo analisa as perspectivas de formação humana e de desenvolvimento de competências identificadas nas Diretrizes Curriculares Nacionais para os Cursos de Graduação em Psicologia. A partir da crítica aos processos modernos de formação humana, realizada pela Teoria Crítica da Sociedade, analisamos sua institucionalização em práticas escolares, incluindo a pedagogia por competências, e mais especificamente na educação universitária. Por fim, discutimos essas questões na formação de psicólogos. Confrontando as propostas de formação para a emancipação e de formação para o desenvolvimento de competências, apontamos, a partir da matriz pautada nas Diretrizes Curriculares, que a formação em psicologia representa um processo contraditório que evidencia um projeto em disputa.

Responsabilidad social y gestión del conocimiento como estrategias de gestión humana

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Juan Guillermo Saldarriaga Ríos

2013-01-01

Full Text Available Este artículo aborda la responsabilidad social y la gestión del conocimiento como estrategias de gestión humana, conexas e inseparables, en las organizaciones. Estas estrategias hacen posible que la organización mire hacia sí misma y reconozca los impactos que estas prácticas tienen sobre sus miembros, asumiéndolas no solo exclusivamente como actividades que le genera ganancias económicas y visibilidad en el escenario social, sino como parte integral de su forma de concebir y administrar su talento humano. El artículo es producto de 2 investigaciones que pretenden analizar las tendencias y estrategias de gestión humana utilizadas tanto en el ámbito nacional como internacional, y en las cuales se recurre a un diseño metodológico flexible en el que se aborda el objeto de estudio tanto desde la perspectiva cuantitativa como desde la cualitativa.

La multidimensionalidad ambiental desde algunas comunidades afrocolombianas: algunas implicaciones para la gestión ambiental y las necesidades humanas fundamentales.

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Contreras Arias Jenni Marcela

2011-11-01

Full Text Available Este documento parte de una reflexión sobre el tipo de relaciones que algunas comunidades afrodescendientes del Pacífico colombiano han establecido con la naturaleza. De dicha reflexión, se deriva una tipología de diferentes dimensiones del sistema ambiental. Estas dimensiones tienen una estrecha relación con las necesidades humanas fundamentales y por tanto, se identificó un conjunto de objetivos de gestión ambiental que incorporan de una manera coherente las dimensiones propuestas y su aporte a la satisfacción de las necesidades humanas fundam entales.

Neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL/Lcn2) is upregulated in gastric mucosa infected with Helicobacter pylori

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Alpízar-Alpízar, Warner; Laerum, Ole Didrik; Illemann, Martin

2009-01-01

characterized here the pattern of expression of NGAL/Lcn2 in gastric mucosa (45 non-neoplastic and 38 neoplastic tissue samples) and explored the connection between NGAL/Lcn2 expression and H. pylori infection. Immunohistochemical analysis showed high NGAL/Lcn2 expression in normal and gastritis-affected mucosa...... compared to low expression in intestinal metaplasia, dysplasia, and gastric cancer. In normal and gastritis-affected mucosa (n=36 tissue samples), NGAL/Lcn2 was more frequently seen in epithelial cells located at the neck and base of the glands in H. pylori-positive cases than in similar epithelial cells...... of noninfected cases (Fisher's exact test, p=0.04). In conclusion, the high expression of NGAL/Lcn2 in normal and gastritis-affected mucosa infected with H. pylori suggests that NGAL/Lcn2 is upregulated locally in response to this bacterial infection. It is discussed whether this may have a causal relation...

Effects of alanyl-glutamine supplementation on the small intestinal mucosa barrier in weaned piglets

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Shen Xing

2017-02-01

Full Text Available Objective The study was to investigate the effects of alanyl-glutamine (Ala-Gln and glutamine (Gln supplementation on the intestinal mucosa barrier in piglets. Methods A total of 180 barrows with initial weight 10.01±0.03 kg were randomly allocated to three treatments, and each treatment consisted of three pens and twenty pigs per pen. The piglets of three groups were fed with control diet [0.62% alanine (Ala], Ala-Gln diet (0.5% Ala-Gln, Gln diet (0.34% Gln and 0.21% Ala, respectively. Results The results showed that in comparison with control diet, dietary Ala-Gln supplementation increased the height of villi in duodenum and jejunum (p<0.05, Gln supplementation increased the villi height of jejunum (p<0.05, Ala-Gln supplementation up-regulated the mRNA expressions of epidermal growth factor receptor and insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor in jejunal mucosa (p<0.05, raised the mRNA expressions of Claudin-1, Occludin, zonula occludens protein-1 (ZO-1 and the protein levels of Occludin, ZO-1 in jejunal mucosa (p<0.05, Ala-Gln supplementation enlarged the number of goblet cells in duodenal and ileal epithelium (p<0.05, Gln increased the number of goblet cells in duodenal epithelium (p<0.05 and Ala-Gln supplementation improved the concentrations of secretory immunoglobulin A and immunoglobulin G in the jejunal mucosa (p<0.05. Conclusion These results demonstrated that dietary Ala-Gln supplementation could maintain the integrity of small intestine and promote the functions of intestinal mucosa barriers in piglets.

Frutooligossacarídeos: implicações na saúde humana e utilização em alimentos

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Passos Luciana Maria Liboni

2003-01-01

Full Text Available Os frutooligossacarídeos (FOS são açúcares não convencionais, não metabolizados pelo organismo humano e não calóricos. São considerados prebióticos uma vez que promovem seletivamente o crescimento de probióticos como Acidophillus e Bifidus. Essa característica faz com que os FOS promovam uma série de benefícios à saúde humana, desde a redução de colesterol sérico até o auxílio na prevenção de alguns tipos de câncer. Esta revisão aborda principalmente os efeitos da ingestão de FOS na saúde humana, e algumas de suas aplicações, principalmente na indústria de alimentos.

Discriminação social: Um fenómeno que atenta contra a dignidade da pessoa humana

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Anselmo Orlando Pinto

2015-06-01

Full Text Available A aparição do outro no nosso horizonte abre a porta a diferentes comportamentos e relações. Esta é a razão pela qual o reconhecimento da humanidade não implica necessariamente a simpatia ou a boa vontade porque pode também comportar conflitos e competitividade. Pretendemos reflectir sobre o conceito da dignidade da pessoa humana e o seu significado ético, tendo em conta a questão da discriminação social, com o intuito de perceber como é que este fenómeno constitui grave atentado à dignidade do homem. A categoria moral da dignidade humana se apoia sobre a afirmação prémoral ou ôntica do valor absoluto do homem.

Sensory dysfunction of bladder mucosa and bladder oversensitivity in a rat model of metabolic syndrome.

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Wei-Chia Lee

Full Text Available PURPOSE: To study the role of sensory dysfunction of bladder mucosa in bladder oversensitivity of rats with metabolic syndrome. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Female Wistar rats were fed a fructose-rich diet (60% or a normal diet for 3 months. Based on cystometry, the fructose-fed rats (FFRs were divided into a group with normal detrusor function or detrusor overactivity (DO. Acidic adenosine triphosphate (ATP solution (5mM, pH 3.3 was used to elicit reflex micturition. Cystometric parameters were evaluated before and after drug administration. Functional proteins of the bladder mucosa were assessed by western blotting. RESULTS: Compared to the controls, intravesical acidic ATP solution instillation induced a significant increase in provoked phasic contractions in both FFR groups and a significant decrease in the mean functional bladder capacity of group DO. Pretreatment with capsaicin for C-fiber desentization, intravesical liposome for mucosal protection, or intravenous pyridoxal 5-phosphate 6-azophenyl-2',4'-disulfonic acid for antagonized purinergic receptors can interfere with the urodynamic effects of intravesical ATP in FFRs and controls. Over-expression of TRPV1, P2X(3, and iNOS proteins, and down-regulation of eNOS proteins were observed in the bladder mucosa of both fructose-fed groups. CONCLUSIONS: Alterations of sensory receptors and enzymes in the bladder mucosa, including over-expression of TRPV1, P2X(3, and iNOS proteins, can precipitate the emergence of bladder phasic contractions and oversensitivity through the activation of C-afferents during acidic ATP solution stimulation in FFRs. The down-regulation of eNOS protein in the bladder mucosa of FFRs may lead to a failure to suppress bladder oversensitivity and phasic contractions. Sensory dysfunction of bladder mucosa and DO causing by metabolic syndrome are easier to elicit bladder oversensitivity to certain urothelium stimuli.

Concurrent colonic mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma and adenoma diagnosed after a positive fecal occult blood test: a case report.

Science.gov (United States)

Lin, Pei-Chiang; Chen, Jinn-Shiun; Deng, Po; Wang, Chih-Wei; Huang, Chiung-Huei; Tang, Reiping; Chiang, Jy-Ming; Yeh, Chien-Yuh; Hsieh, Pao-Shiu; Tsai, Wen-Sy; Chiang, Sum-Fu

2016-01-27

Colonic lymphoma is an uncommon presentation of extranodal lymphoma. Colonic mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma is a different entity from gastric mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma, and very rare. The presentation and management of colonic mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue are highly variable in the literature. We report the case of a 59-year-old Taiwanese man who underwent a colonoscopy after a positive test for fecal occult blood. His past history included hypertension and hyperthyroidism. The colonoscopy revealed an adenomatous polyp and mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma. We successfully performed a polypectomy and endoscopic mucosal resection. The lymphoma was staged according to the Ann Arbor system modified by Musshoff as E-I. Our patient showed no lymphoma recurrence over a 3-year follow-up. Endoscopic mucosal resection for colonic mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma without disseminated disease may be feasible. We successfully used colonoscopic treatment without adjuvant therapy to treat early-stage pathogen-free colonic mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma.

Alterações anatomopatologicas da mucosa gastrica associadas a infecção pelo helicobacter pylori

OpenAIRE

Correa, Esther Buzaglo Dantas

1996-01-01

Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Centro de Ciencias da Saude Foram comparadas as alterações anátomo-patológicas observadas na mucosa gástrica (inflamação, atividade da gastrite, atrofia, metaplasia intestinal e folículos linfóides) de 64 pacientes portadores de infecção pelo Helicobacter pylori com as alterações presentes na mucosa de 20 pacientes sem infecção. Inflamação, atividade da gastrite e folículos linfóides foram mais freqüentes na mucosa de corpo e...

Cross-sample validation provides enhanced proteome coverage in rat vocal fold mucosa.

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Nathan V Welham

2011-03-01

Full Text Available The vocal fold mucosa is a biomechanically unique tissue comprised of a densely cellular epithelium, superficial to an extracellular matrix (ECM-rich lamina propria. Such ECM-rich tissues are challenging to analyze using proteomic assays, primarily due to extensive crosslinking and glycosylation of the majority of high M(r ECM proteins. In this study, we implemented an LC-MS/MS-based strategy to characterize the rat vocal fold mucosa proteome. Our sample preparation protocol successfully solubilized both proteins and certain high M(r glycoconjugates and resulted in the identification of hundreds of mucosal proteins. A straightforward approach to the treatment of protein identifications attributed to single peptide hits allowed the retention of potentially important low abundance identifications (validated by a cross-sample match and de novo interpretation of relevant spectra while still eliminating potentially spurious identifications (global single peptide hits with no cross-sample match. The resulting vocal fold mucosa proteome was characterized by a wide range of cellular and extracellular proteins spanning 12 functional categories.

Transparency-enhancing technology allows three-dimensional assessment of gastrointestinal mucosa: A porcine model.

Science.gov (United States)

Mizutani, Hiroya; Ono, Satoshi; Ushiku, Tetsuo; Kudo, Yotaro; Ikemura, Masako; Kageyama, Natsuko; Yamamichi, Nobutake; Fujishiro, Mitsuhiro; Someya, Takao; Fukayama, Masashi; Koike, Kazuhiko; Onodera, Hiroshi

2018-02-01

Although high-resolution three-dimensional imaging of endoscopically resected gastrointestinal specimens can help elucidating morphological features of gastrointestinal mucosa or tumor, there are no established methods to achieve this without breaking specimens apart. We evaluated the utility of transparency-enhancing technology for three-dimensional assessment of gastrointestinal mucosa in porcine models. Esophagus, stomach, and colon mucosa samples obtained from a sacrificed swine were formalin-fixed and paraffin-embedded, and subsequently deparaffinized for analysis. The samples were fluorescently stained, optically cleared using transparency-enhancing technology: ilLUmination of Cleared organs to IDentify target molecules method (LUCID), and visualized using laser scanning microscopy. After observation, all specimens were paraffin-embedded again and evaluated by conventional histopathological assessment to measure the impact of transparency-enhancing procedures. As a result, microscopic observation revealed horizontal section views of mucosa at deeper levels and enabled the three-dimensional image reconstruction of glandular and vascular structures. Besides, paraffin-embedded specimens after transparency-enhancing procedures were all assessed appropriately by conventional histopathological staining. These results suggest that transparency-enhancing technology may be feasible for clinical application and enable the three-dimensional structural analysis of endoscopic resected specimen non-destructively. Although there remain many limitations or problems to be solved, this promising technology might represent a novel histopathological method for evaluating gastrointestinal cancers. © 2018 Japanese Society of Pathology and John Wiley & Sons Australia, Ltd.

Coexistence of prostate neoplasia in patients undergoing radical cystoprostatectomy due to vesical neoplasia

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Frederico R. Romero

2004-08-01

Full Text Available OBJECTIVE: To assess the incidence of bladder carcinoma infiltrating the prostate and prostate adenocarcinoma in patients undergoing radical cystoprostatectomy due to bladder cancer, as well as to assess if the characteristics of the bladder neoplasia influence the prostatic involvement by this neoplasia. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We retrospectively assessed 60 male patients, who underwent radical cystoprostatectomy between July 1997 and December 2003. Mean age was 66.7 years (40 and 93 years. The product of radical cystoprostatectomies was checked for involvement of urethra and prostate parenchyma by the primary neoplasia, and for the presence of associated prostate adenocarcinoma. Bladder neoplasia characteristics, such as localization, size, multifocality, association with in situ carcinoma and histological grade, were studied in order to assess the possibility of using such characteristics as predictive factors of prostate infiltration by bladder urothelial carcinoma. RESULTS: We observed the presence of 20% of patients with bladder carcinoma infiltrating the prostatic urethra, 23.3% of patients with infiltration of the prostate parenchyma and 28.3% of patients with associate prostate adenocarcinoma, resulting in a total of 55% of patients with prostatic involvement (infiltrative bladder carcinoma and/or adenocarcinoma. We also observed a statistically significant correlation between tumor location in the trigone, the presence of in situ carcinoma and the histological grade of the bladder tumor with prostatic infiltration by the vesical neoplasia. CONCLUSION: The coexistence of prostatic neoplasia in patients operated for bladder neoplasia was frequent in our sample (55%. We observed that the prostatic infiltration by bladder tumors occurs more frequently with tumors located in the trigone, with associated in situ carcinoma and with high histological grade. There was no correlation between neoplastic infiltration of prostate and multifocality

A case of rectovagino-vesical fistula due to radiation therapy for uterine cancer treated with covered expandable metallic stent

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Ohtsukasa, Shunroh; Okabe, Satoshi; Tanami, Hideaki [Tokyo Medical and Dental Univ. (Japan). School of Medicine] (and others)

2002-04-01

A 65-year-old woman had received a panhysterectomy and radiation therapy for a uterine cancer in 1974 and underwent a drainage operation for a peritonitis due to rupture of the bladder associated with radiation cystitis in 1983. A rectovesical fistula was revealed and partial resection of the bladder and rectum was performed in 1996. In 1998, rectovesical fistula recurred and symptom of fecaluria and contact-type dermatitis at perineal region subsequently worsened. In February, 2000, colonoscopy and gastrograffin-enema revealed a giant recto-vagino-vesical fistula. Although we recommended ileostomy, the patient refused our offer. She gave informed consent to our proposal about the insertion of a covered expandable metallic stent (EMS) into the rectum to treat for fecaluria. After insertion of a covered EMS, fecaluria and contact-type dermatitis at perineal region subsequently improved. Three months later, fecaluria appeared again. Finally, seven months later, severe inflammation occurred at perineal and pubic region because of migration of the covered EMS into the bladder, then we removed the covered EMS and performed ileostomy. It is difficult to use the covered EMS treatment for benign rectovesical or rectovaginal fistula for a long term. (author)

Expressões faciais e emoções humanas levantamento bibliográfico

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Josinete Aparecida da Silva

1995-06-01

Full Text Available Este trabalho tem por objetivo registrar um levantamento bibliográfico feito nas áreas de conhecimento de Enfermagem e Psicologia, sobre as expressões faciais e as emoções humanas. Visa auxiliar os profissionais de saúde a refletirem sobre a importância da face nas relações interpessoais, mostrando as pesquisas mais citadas em bibliografia específica, primeiro referente às crianças e depois aos adultos.

Relevancia e Inferencia: Procesos cognitivos propios de la comunicación humana

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Moya Pardo Constanza

2006-06-01

Full Text Available Este artículo pretende mostrar los planteamientos cognitivos más representativos de la Teoría de la Relevancia propuesta por Spelber & Wilson con respecto al modelo ostensivoinferencial. Este modelo plantea un mecanismo deductivo explícito que da cuenta de los procesos y estrategias que permiten el paso del significado literal a la interpretación pragmática de los mensajes en el proceso de comunicación humana.

Relevancia e Inferencia: Procesos cognitivos propios de la comunicación humana

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Constanza Moya Pardo

2006-06-01

Full Text Available Este artículo pretende mostrar los planteamientos cognitivos más representativos de la Teoría de la Relevancia propuesta por Spelber & Wilson con respecto al modelo ostensivo-inferencial. Este modelo plantea un mecanismo deductivo explícito que da cuenta de los procesos y estrategias que permiten el paso del significado literal a la interpretación pragmática de los mensajes en el proceso de comunicación humana.

Manifestaciones psiquiátricas desencadenadas por el virus de la inmunodeficiencia humana

OpenAIRE

Roberto Anselmo Ramos Valverde

2014-01-01

La alta morbilidad de perturbaciones mentales y del comportamiento, desencadenada por el virus de la inmunodeficiencia humana (VIH), asombra a colaboradores cubanos en la ciudad de Maputo, capital de Mozambique. Solo apelando a los conocimientos actuales de la Psicoendocrinoneuroinmunologia, que describe la vinculación basada en la teoría de la complejidad de este suprasistema, que comparte receptores y mediadores químicos, se puede disipar el asombro y llegar a comprender la esencia científi...

Evaluation of pemphigus cases involving oral mucosa.

Science.gov (United States)

Karagöz, Gizem; Bektaş-Kayhan, Kivanç; Ünür, Meral

2014-09-01

Pemphigus, defines a group of disorders in autoimmune etiology which could be life-threatening and clinical manifestations are mainly epithelial blistering affecting cutaneous and/or mucosal surfaces including oral mucosa. The aim of our study is to evaluate the clinical appearance of pemphigus with oral involvement by reported 15 pemphigus cases. This retrospective study of 15 cases of pemphigus obtained over a period of 7 years from 2006 to 2013 in Istanbul University, Dentistry Faculty, Oral Medicine and Surgery Department was designed. Age distribution of pemphigus was from 15 to 59 years with an average age of 41.3 years. Of the 15 patients, the male:female ratio was 1:2.75 (4 male, 11 female). The most common clinical various of pemphigus was pemphigus vulgaris, diagnosed in all patients. The buccal mucosa (34.3%) was the most commonly affected site followed by tongue (20%), gingiva (17.1%), palate (11.4%), lips (11.4%) and floor of mouth (5.7%). Our explanation of this conclusion, while speculative, is that socioeconomic situation related stress in males and hormonal changes like pregnancy and menostasis in females; systemic disease and using drugs; dental trauma and bruxism could be responsible for flare up in the disease.

Serotonin Immunoreactive Cells and Nerve Fibers in the Mucosa of ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

hydroxytryptamine) immunoreactivity in the pyloric mucosa of the rat stomach. The immunoreactive elements included the endocrine cells, mast cells and mucosal nerve fibers in the lamina propria. The immunopositive endocrine cells were oval in ...

Evolución y emergencia de algunas enfermedades animales y humanas

OpenAIRE

Blancou, Jean M.

2000-01-01

La atención de la opinión pública está particularmente centrada desde hace unos años en la evolución de las enfermedades animales y humanas que pueden entrañar un riesgo sanitario. Aunque ese riesgo se ha exagerado considerablemente, si se compara con el que siempre ha existido en nuestro planeta, no debe sin embargo ser ignorado. En realidad, ese riesgo se basa en una tendencia a la evolución de los agentes patógenos que se observa actualmente, tanto en medicina veterinaria como en...

Premalignant alterations of the gastric mucosa

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Frager, D.; Mitsudo, S.; Kozecky, O.; Frager, J.; Wolf, E.; Beneventano, T.C.

1986-01-01

Atrophic gastritus or intestinal metaplasia is the precursor to many gastric carcinomas that arise in a dysplatic epithelium. The authors retrospectively reviewed the radiographic features of the gastric mucosa in 30 patients with the pathologic diagnosis of intestinal metaplasia (27) or atrophic gastritus (3). In 12 patients (40%) the area gastricae were enlarged to 5 mm or greater. In these 12 patients and in an additional 11 (total of 23, or 76%), a polypoid-nodular gastric mucosal pattern was seen. These findings and patterns are illustrated, and the differential diagnosis and clinical implications are discussed

Oral Neurothekeoma of the Right Buccal Mucosa

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Alex C. Tham

2016-01-01

Full Text Available Oral neurothekeoma or nerve sheath myxoma is a rare benign oral tumour of nerve sheath origin. Historically, this tumour has been subclassified as myxoid (classic, mixed, or the cellular type, depending on the amount of myxoid stroma and cellularity. We present a case of oral neurothekeoma (mixed type of the buccal mucosa. The tumour was completely excised. No recurrence was detected in the last 3 years after local excision.

Squamous cell carcinoma of buccal mucosa: An analysis of prognostic factors

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Saurabh Bobdey

2018-01-01

Full Text Available Introduction: Carcinoma of the buccal mucosa is the most common oral cavity cancer in the Indian subcontinent. The aim of this study was to analyze the outcome and evaluate prognostic factors in surgically treated buccal mucosa squamous cell carcinoma (BMSCC patients. Materials and Methods: A retrospective study was performed by reviewing the medical records of 409 pathologically proven buccal mucosa cancer patients, who were diagnosed and surgically treated in Tata Memorial Hospital between January 1, 2006, and December 31, 2008. Results: The overall 5-year survival of the cohort was found to be 54.1%. The stage-wise survival rate for tumor, node, metastasis (TNM Stage I, II, III, and IV patients was found to be 85.2%, 82.9%, 56.3%, and 42.6% (P < 0.00, respectively. On multivariate Cox proportional hazard analysis, the presence of comorbidity, histological tumor size, pathological lymph node status, tumor differentiation, perineural invasion, and extracapsular spread were found to be independently associated with overall survival. Conclusion: BMSCC is an aggressive malignant tumor. In addition to TNM classification, other clinical and pathological factors also have a significant role in BMSCC prognostication. Hence, there is a need to move beyond TNM and develop a more inclusive, flexible, and easy to use prognostic system.

Congestion of mastoid mucosa and influence on middle ear pressure - Effect of retroauricular injection of adrenaline.

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Fooken Jensen, Pernille Vita; Gaihede, Michael

2016-10-01

Micro-CT scanning of temporal bones has revealed numerous retroauricular microchannels, which connect the outer bone surface directly to the underlying mastoid air cells. Their structure and dimensions have suggested a separate vascular supply to the mastoid mucosa, which may play a role in middle ear (ME) pressure regulation. This role may be accomplished by changes in the mucosa congestion resulting in volumetric changes, which ultimately affect the pressure of the enclosed ME gas pocket (Boyle's law). Further, such mucosa congestion may be susceptible to α-adrenergic stimulation similar to the mucosa of the nose. The purpose of our study was to investigate these hypotheses by recording the ME pressure in response to adrenergic stimulation administered by retroauricular injections at the surface of the microchannels. In a group of 20 healthy adults we measured the ME pressure by tympanometry initially in the sitting position, and then in the supine position over a 5 min period with 30 s intervals. In each subject, the study included 1) a control reference experiment with no intervention, 2) a control experiment with subcutaneously retroauricular injection of 1 ml isotonic NaCl solution, and 3) a test experiment with subcutaneously retroauricular injection of 1 ml NaCl-adrenaline solution. In both control experiments the ME pressure displayed an immediate increase in response to changing body position; this pressure increase remained stable for the entire period up to five minutes. In the test experiments the ME pressure also showed an initial pressure increase, but it was followed by a distinct significant pressure decrease with a maximum after 90 s. The test group was injected with both a 5 and 10% adrenaline solution, but the responses appeared similar for the two concentrations. Subcutaneous retroauricular injection of adrenaline caused a significant pressure decrease in ME pressure compared with control ears. This may be explained by the microchannels

Presencia de residuos y contaminantes en leche humana

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Prado Flores Guadalupe

2002-01-01

Full Text Available La contaminación de la leche humana por xenobióticos es un problema generalizado a nivel mundial, que se ve afectado por las variaciones geográficas, climáticas, culturales y socioeconómicas de cada lugar. Las políticas de salud pública han enfrentado la situación mediante una vigilancia sostenida y legislaciones restrictivas con el objeto de reducir los efectos perjudiciales sobre las poblaciones y el ambiente, sin embargo se registran datos objetivables, sobre todo en los países en desarrollo. En esta revisión se destacan aspectos generales y particulares de los residuos y contaminantes organoclorados, organofosforados, antibióticos, metales pesados, bifenilos policlorados, dioxinas y furanos, valores de sus contenidos, efectos tóxicos estudiados y los límites máximos permitidos por las legislaciones internacionales.

PRESENCIA DE RESIDUOS Y CONTAMINANTES EN LECHE HUMANA

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Guadalupe Prado Flores

2002-01-01

Full Text Available La contaminación de la leche humana por xenobióticos es un problema generalizado a nivel mundial, que se ve afectado por las variaciones geográficas, climáticas, culturales y socioeconómicas de cada lugar. Las políticas de salud pública han enfrentado la situación mediante una vigilancia sostenida y legislaciones restrictivas con el objeto de reducir los efectos perjudiciales sobre las poblaciones y el ambiente, sin embargo se registran datos objetivables, sobre todo en los países en desarrollo. En esta revisión se destacan aspectos generales y particulares de los residuos y contaminantes organoclorados, organofosforados, antibióticos, metales pesados, bifenilos policlorados, dioxinas y furanos, valores de sus contenidos, efectos tóxicos estudiados y los límites máximos permitidos por las legislaciones internacionales.

Clonación humana : aspectos bioéticos y legales

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Huguet Santos, Paloma

2004-01-01

En nuestros días, la clonación es un tema que suscita un gran rechazo social por el hecho de poder aplicar las prácticas de clonación en la especie humana teniendo en cuenta las posibles consecuencias que ello podría acarrear. La clonación es la formación de un grupo de individuos con el mismo genotipo mediante multiplicación asexual.Cabe destacar que al hablar de clonación existen dos técnicas de clonación: la gemelación artificial y la transferencia de núcleos. En la gemelación artificial s...

Inteligência Humana: Investigações e Aplicações

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Candeias, Adelinda Maria; Almeida, Leandro Silva

2007-01-01

Este livro reúne contributos teóricos, empíricos e práticos em torno de uma das variáveis mais relevantes e mais polémicas no seio da psicologia – a Inteligência –, estando a sua edição na sequência da realização, na Universidade de Évora (6-8 de Outubro, 2005) do I Simpósio Internacional “Inteligência Humana: Investigação e Aplicações”. Nesta primeira edição, o Congresso reportou-se a autores de Portugal, Espanha e Brasil, devendo este espectro alargar-se nas suas futura...

Ablation of capsaicin sensitive afferent nerves impairs defence but not rapid repair of rat gastric mucosa.

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Pabst, M A; Schöninkle, E; Holzer, P

1993-07-01

Capsaicin sensitive afferent neurones have previously been reported to play a part in gastric mucosal protection. The aim of this study was to investigate whether these nociceptive neurones strengthen mucosal defence against injury or promote rapid repair of the damaged mucosa, or both. This hypothesis was examined in anaesthetised rats whose stomachs were perfused with ethanol (25 or 50% in saline, wt/wt) for 30 minutes. The gastric mucosa was inspected 0 and 180 minutes after ethanol had been given at the macroscopic, light, and scanning electron microscopic level. Rapid repair of the ethanol injured gastric mucosa (reduction of deep injury, partial re-epithelialisation of the denuded surface) took place in rats anaesthetised with phenobarbital, but not in those anaesthetised with urethane. Afferent nerve ablation as a result of treating rats with a neurotoxic dose of capsaicin before the experiment significantly aggravated ethanol induced damage as shown by an increase in the area and depth of mucosal erosions. Rapid repair of the injured mucosa, however, as seen in rats anesthetised with phenobarbital 180 minutes after ethanol was given, was similar in capsaicin and vehicle pretreated animals. Ablation of capsaicin sensitive afferent neurones was verified by a depletion of calcitonin gene related peptide from the gastric corpus wall. These findings indicate that nociceptive neurones control mechanisms of defence against acute injury but are not required for rapid repair of injured mucosa.

Clonagem humana: um estudo sobre a gênese das Representações Sociais / Human cloning: a study about genesis of social representations

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Espíndula, Daniel Henrique Pereira; Trindade, Zeidi Araujo

2014-01-01

RESUMO: Compreender como o senso comum se apropria e reconstrói os saberes científicos é de interesse da Teoria das Representações Sociais. Esse estudo buscou compreender a gênese da representação da clonagem humana. Foram utilizadas duas fontes de dados: matérias publicadas na Folha de São Paulo e Veja nos anos de 1997 a 2007 e as cartas enviadas pelos leitores a essas fontes no mesmo período. Os descritores de busca foram: clone, clonagem, clonagem humana, clonagem terapêutica, engenharia g...

Seguimiento multidisciplinario en el control del penfigoide de membranas mucosas

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Fabiano Jeremias

2011-06-01

Full Text Available El término penfigoide de membranas mucosas designa un grupo de enfermedades vesículo-bulosas autoinmunes crónicas, que afectan predominantemente mucosas. El presente artículo describe dos casos clínicos de penfigoide de membranas mucosas con compromiso gingival y tuvo como objetivo resaltar la importancia de un correcto diagnóstico de la lesión y discutir la conducta terapéutica. Fueron realizados diversos exámenes complementares como, examen de Nikolsky, biopsia incisional, investigación de células LE y de anticuerpos antinucleares, además de la evaluación de médicos especializados en dermatología y oftalmología. Fue fundamental la substitución de dentífricos, la orientación nutricional y psicológica, el cuidado con la higiene, además del uso de corticoides tópicos. Hubo periodos de remisión y exacerbación del cuadro clínico durante el seguimiento, fue necesario el ajuste en la terapéutica y refuerzo en los cuidados con la higiene bucal. Es muy importante la interacción multidisciplinaria en la atención de estos casos para el control del tratamiento y seguimiento, además de reforzar todas las orientaciones y cuidados en lo que se refiere a la salud bucal y cautela en el uso de corticoides.

Histopathological evaluation of urethroplasty with dorsal buccal mucosa: an experimental study in rabbits

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Geovanne F. Souza

2008-06-01

Full Text Available PURPOSE: Buccal mucosa is a widely accepted tissue for urethroplasty. The exact healing and tissue integration process, mainly the histological characteristics of dorsal buccal mucosa graft urethroplasty when used dorsally to reconstruct the urethral plate has not previously been assessed, and thus we developed an experimental model to address this question. MATERIALS AND METHODS: In 12 New Zealand rabbits (weight 2.5 kg we surgically created a dorsal penile urethral defect. A buccal mucosa graft was sutured to the corpora and tunica albuginea, and the ventral urethra anastomosed to this new urethral plate. The animals were divided in three groups and sacrificed 1, 3 and 6 weeks after surgery (groups 1, 2 and 3. A retrograde urethrogram was obtained at autopsy in the last group and the penis analyzed histologically with hematoxylin-eosin and Masson's staining. RESULTS: The urethrograms showed no evidence of fistula or stricture. In group 1 the histopathological analysis showed submucosal lymph-mononuclear inflammatory edema, numerous eosinophils and squamous epithelium integrated into the adjacent urothelium. In group 2 there was no evidence of an inflammatory response but rather complete subepithelial hyaline healing, which was more marked in group 3. CONCLUSION: Healing of buccal mucosa grafts to reconstruct the urethral plate can be achieved by total integration of the squamous epithelium with the urothelium, maintaining the original histological properties of the graft with no fibrosis or retraction.

Tela, piel, color: retratando los mercados de las Antillas como un inventario de la diversidad humana

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Anne Lafont

2016-07-01

Full Text Available La confrontación de las poblaciones heterogéneas y de razas mixtas en las Indias Occidentales con el material pictórico (lienzo y pigmentos y los sistemas de clasificación humana propios de la era de las ilustraciones de la Enciclopedia, demuestra ser un campo de investigación notablemente interesante en términos de raza y el proceso de racialización,. Sin embargo, hasta hoy, la idea de pintura caribeña de la modernidad temprana no se ha presentado como tal, y esto es precisamente lo que propongo estudiar en este artículo. En efecto, la pintura caribeña, a partir de la creatividad figurativa y sus raíces en la especificidad geográfica, política e histórica de este archipiélago racial y cultural, creó un inventario pictórico original de la diversidad humana.

NATUREZA HUMANA VERSUS APERFEIÇOAMENTO? UMA CRÍTICA AOS ARGUMENTOS DE HABERMAS CONTRA A EUGENIA POSITIVA

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Maria Clara Dias

2015-07-01

Full Text Available O objetivo é criticar os argumentos bioconservadores de Jürgen Habermas contra a eugenia positiva (aperfeiçoamento humano. Em suma, ele sustenta a tese de que a natureza humana seria fundamento das ideias centrais que consubstanciariam a correta compreensão normativa das relações humanas. Assim, para ele, a biotecnociência deveria restringir-se à esfera da eugenia negativa (terapia, apresentando, contudo, argumentos que nos parecem amplamente questionáveis. Anteriormente, todavia, abordamos o debate em torno da noção de pós-humanidade, uma vez que o estágio pós-humano é considerado como uma consequência incontornável das biotécnicas de aperfeiçoamento humano, perfazendo um dos pontos fulcrais da discórdia dos bioconservadores com os transumanistas. Após isto, então, abordamos a perspectiva habermasiana, a fim de mostrar seus problemas.

Responsabilidad social y gestión del conocimiento como estrategias de gestión humana1

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Juan Guillermo Saldarriaga Ríos

2013-01-01

Full Text Available Este artículo aborda la responsabilidad social y la gestión del conocimiento como estrategias de gestión humana, conexas e inseparables, en las organizaciones. Estas estrategias hacen posible que la organización mire hacia sí misma y reconozca los impactos que estas prácticas tienen sobre sus miembros, asumiéndolas no solo exclusivamente como actividades que le genera ganancias económicas y visibilidad en el escenario social, sino como parte integral de su forma de concebir y administrar su talento humano. El artículo es producto de 2 investigaciones que pretenden analizar las tendencias y estrategias de gestión humana utilizadas tanto en el ámbito nacional como internacional, y en las cuales se recurre a un diseño metodológico flexible en el que se aborda el objeto de estudio tanto desde la perspectiva cuantitativa como desde la cualitativa.

La gestión humana en colombia: características y tendencias de la práctica y de la investigación

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Gregorio Calderón Hernández

2007-04-01

Full Text Available El presente estudio de revisión aborda de manera sintética las relaciones entre la modernización empresarial y la gestión humana en el país, se describen las características de las áreas de gestión humana y de las prácticas de recursos humanos, se realiza una descripción del mercado laboral y las relaciones laborales en concordancia con la gestión de los recursos humanos, y por último se aborda la generación de conocimiento en Colombia, considerando las tres perspectivas más sobresalientes: la sociológica, la humanística y la estratégica, siendo desde esta última de donde se vincula el área de gestión humana y sus prácticas al logro de objetivos y metas estratégicas de la organización, en consideración de sus activos intangibles como fuente de ventaja competitiva sostenible.

Tau Protein in Oral Mucosa and Cognitive State: A Cross-sectional Study

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Luis Fernando Arredondo

2017-10-01

Full Text Available Neurodegenerative diseases are characterized by the presence of abnormal aggregates of proteins in brain tissue. Among them, the presence of aggregates of phosphorylated Tau protein (p-Tau is the hallmark of Alzheimer’s disease (AD and other major neurodegenerative disorders such as corticobasal degeneration and frontotemporal dementia among others. Although Tau protein has previously been assumed to be exclusive to the central nervous system, it is also found in peripheral tissues. The purpose of this study was to determine whether there is a differential Tau expression in oral mucosa cells according to cognitive impairment. Eighty-one subjects were enrolled in the study and classified per Mini-Mental State Examination test score into control, mild cognitive impairment (MCI, and severe cognitive impairment (SCI groups. Immunocytochemistry and immunofluorescence revealed the presence of Tau and four p-Tau forms in the cytoplasm and nucleus of oral mucosa cells. More positivity was present in subjects with cognitive impairment than in control subjects, both in the nucleus and cytoplasm, in a speckle pattern. The mRNA expression of Tau by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction was higher in SCI as compared with the control group (P < 0.01. A significantly higher percentage of immunopositive cells in the SCI group was found via flow cytometry in comparison to controls and the MCI group (P < 0.01. These findings demonstrate the higher presence of p-Tau and Tau transcript in the oral mucosa of cognitively impaired subjects when compared with healthy subjects. The feasibility of p-Tau quantification by flow cytometry supports the prospective analysis of oral mucosa as a support tool for screening of proteinopathies in cognitively impaired patients.

Ciencias humanas y ciencias naturales, una relación ambigua desde la fenomenología

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Javier San Martín

2012-04-01

Full Text Available A partir de la afirmación en la que Ortega dice que el científico se aloja en el ser humano, el texto pretende, por un lado y desde una perspectiva fenomenológica, abordar el vínculo entre las ciencias naturales y las ciencias humanas y sociales y, por otro lado, analizar las consecuencias de las maneras en las que estos dos grupos de ciencias se han relacionado a fin de imaginar la posición que tanto las ciencias naturales como las humanas y sociales deben ocupar. From a phenomenological perspective and begining with the statement from Ortega saying that a scientist lives inside a human being, this text has a twofold structure. First, the author analyzes the relationship among natural sciences and human and social sciences. Second, the author analyzes the consequences of the different ways in which bothsciences have interrelated, in order to imagine the place that either natural sciences, and social sciences and humanities, should occupy.

Association of mast cells with helicobacter pylori infection in the antral mucosa

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SR KC

2011-03-01

Full Text Available Background: Helicobacter pylori infection is associated with mixed inflammatory cell infiltrate consisting of neutrophils, eosinophils, lymphocytes and plasma cells. Helicobacter pylori lead to mast cell degranulation and release of active chemical compounds in in-vitro conditions. The objective of this study was to find out the association of mast cell density and Helicobacter pylori in the antral mucosa of the stomach. Materials and Methods: A total of 150 endoscopic biopsies were included in the study. In addition to routine Hematoxylin and Eosin stained slides, Giemsa stain was done in each case for the evaluation of Helicobacter pylori and mast cell density in the gastric mucosa. Results: Out of 150 gastric biopsies with histopathological diagnosis of chronic gastritis, 36 cases (24% were positive for Helicobacter pylori. In the antral mucosa, mast cell density was significantly higher in the Helicobacter pylori-positive group than in the Helicobacter pylori-negative group (P<0.01. Conclusion: Mast cells may play a role in the development of Helicobacter pylori gastritis. Keywords: Gastritis; Mast Cell; Helicobacter pylori DOI: 10.3126/jpn.v1i1.4448 Journal of Pathology of Nepal (2011 Vol.1, 34-36

DNA damage in oral mucosa cells of patients with fixed orthodontic appliances.

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Farzin Heravi

2013-12-01

Full Text Available The release of toxic metal ions from orthodontic alloys has induced concerns regarding the biocompatibility of fixed appliances. This study investigated the genotoxic effect of metal appliances in a sample of patients undergoing fixed orthodontic treatment.The study included twenty-five healthy individuals requiring orthodontic therapy in both jaws. The patients were treated by stainless steel orthodontic brackets and nickel-titanium or stainless steel arch wires. The oral mucosa cells were gathered just before the appliance placement and 9 months later. The cells were centrifuged, fixed and dropped onto slides. After staining, the micronucleus (MN assay was used to determine genome alteration. The data were analyzed by paired sample t-test.The mean micronuclei frequency in the buccal mucosa was 10.6 ± 5.7 per 1000 cells before the appliance placement and 9.2 ± 6.37 per 1000 cells 9 months later. No significant difference was found in the MN count before and 9 months after therapy (p=0.336.Under the conditions used in this study, application of fixed orthodontic appliances did not expose healthy individuals to increased risk of DNA damage in oral mucosa cells.

Producción y caracterización de anticuerpos monoclonales frente a albúmina humana : Aplicación al estudio de la estructura antigénica de esta proteina

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García Pacheco, José Marcos

2011-01-01

Se han producido 10 anticuerpos monoclonales frente a albúmina humana, los cuales reconocen 6 epitopos de naturaleza conformacional sobre la superficie de la albúmina de esta molécula, habiéndose detectado diferencias antagónicas entre albúmina humana de diferente procedencia.

Efecto secuestrador del D-002 sobre radicales hidroxilo en mucosa gástrica

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Yohani Pérez Guerra

2012-03-01

Full Text Available Introducción: el agente causal de la ulceración gástrica está asociado al desequilibrio entre factores agresivos y defensivos que actúan sobre la mucosa gástrica. El D-002, mezcla de seis alcoholes alifáticos primarios superiores purificada de la cera de abejas, produce efectos gastroprotectores mediados por múltiples mecanismos y reducción de la peroxidación lipídica en la mucosa gástrica. Objetivo: determinar si el D-002 es capaz de capturar el radical hidroxilo añadido in vitro o generado in vivo en ratas con úlcera gástrica inducida por indometacina. Métodos: En la experiencia in vitro el D-002 se añadió a concentraciones entre 0,9 y 1 000 mg/mL. En la experiencia in vivo las ratas se distribuyeron en seis grupos: un control negativo y cinco que recibieron indometacina: un control positivo tratado con el vehículo, tres con D-002 (5, 25, y 100 mg/kg, respectivamente, p.o. y otro con omeprazol (20 mg/kg i.p.. Los tratamientos se administraron una hora (vehículo y D-002 o 30 min (omeprazol, respectivamente, antes de inducir las úlceras. En ambas experiencias se tomaron alícuotas de mucosa gástrica, y se determinó el daño a la 2-desoxirribosa por el radical hidroxilo. Resultados: la administración oral del D-002, no in vitro, protegió a la 2-desoxirribosa del daño oxidativo de modo marcado, significativo y dependiente de la dosis con respecto al control positivo. Conclusiones: los resultados indican que la capacidad del D-002 (25 y 100 mg/kg administrado por vía oral para secuestrar el radical hidroxilo, generado en la mucosa gástrica por la indometacina, pudiera contribuir a sus efectos antioxidantes y gastroprotectores sobre el daño que los antiinflamatorios no esteroideos producen sobre la mucosa gástrica.

Cytogenetic damage in circulating lymphocytes and buccal mucosa cells of head-and-neck cancer patients undergoing radiotherapy

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Minicucci, E.M.; Ribeiro, L.R.; Camargo, J.L.V. de; Salvadori, D.M.F.

2005-01-01

This study evaluated cytogenetic damage by measuring the frequency of micronucleated cells (MNC) in peripheral blood and buccal mucosa of head-and-neck cancer patients undergoing radiotherapy. MNC frequencies were assessed in 31 patients before, during, and after radiotherapy, and in 17 healthy controls matched for gender, age, and smoking habits. Results showed no statistically significant difference between patients and controls prior to radiotherapy in cytokinesis-blocked lymphocytes or buccal mucosa cells. During treatment, increased MNC frequencies were observed in both cell types. Micronucleated lymphocyte levels remained high in samples collected 30 to 140 days after the end of treatment, while MNC frequency in buccal mucosa decreased to values statistically similar to baseline values. There is controversy over the effects of age, smoking habit, tumor stage, and/or metastasis on MNC frequency. However, increased frequency of micronucleated buccal mucosa cells was seen in patients under 60 years old and in those with tumors >4 cm. In conclusion, the data show that radiotherapy has a potent clastogenic effect in circulating lymphocytes and buccal mucosa cells of head-and-neck cancer patients, and that the baseline MNC frequency in these two tissues is not a sensitive marker for head-and neck neoplasm. (author)

Symptoms and signs in individuals with serology positive for celiac disease but normal mucosa

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Brandt Lena

2009-07-01

Full Text Available Abstract Background Antibody serology is an important tool in the investigation of celiac disease (CD, but does not always correlate with mucosal appearance in the small intestine. Patients with positive CD serology but normal mucosa (Marsh 0 are at increased risk of future CD. In this study we describe a model for identifying and characterizing individuals with normal mucosa but positive CD serology. Such individuals are sometimes referred to as having latent CD. Methods The records of ten Swedish pathology departments were used to identify individuals with biopsies indicating normal duodenal/jejunal mucosa. Using the national personal identification number, these data were linked with CD serology data (antigliadin, antiendomysial and tissue transglutaminase antibodies; and we thereby identified 3,736 individuals with normal mucosa but positive CD serology. Two independent reviewers then manually reviewed their biopsy reports to estimate comorbidity. We also randomly selected 112 individuals for validation through patient chart review. Results The majority of the 3,736 individuals were females (62%. Children (0–15 years made up 21.4%. The median number of biopsy specimen was 3. Our review of biopsy reports found that other gastrointestinal comorbidity was rare (inflammatory bowel disease: 0.4%; helicobacter pylori infection: 0.2%. Some 22% individuals selected for patient chart review had a relative with CD. The most common symptoms among these individuals were diarrhea (46% and abdominal pain (45%, while 26% had anemia. Although 27% of the individuals selected for validation had been informed about gluten-free diet, only 13% were adhering to a gluten-free diet at the end of follow-up. Conclusion Individuals with positive CD serology but normal mucosa often have CD-like symptoms and a family history of CD.

A preliminary report on the effects of paclitaxel-impregnated stents on sheep nasal mucosa.

Science.gov (United States)

Herrmann, Brian W; Citardi, Martin J; Vogler, George; Gardner, Laura; Smith, Greg; Javer, Amin R; Burt, Helen M; Jackson, John; Kuhn, Frederick A

2004-01-01

Traditional frontal sinus stents serve only as mechanical devices. It has been proposed that stents also may serve as drug-delivery systems for the topical application of drugs that minimize postoperative scarring. Paclitaxel (Taxol), which has recognized antiscarring effects, may be incorporated via a polymeric formulation into standard rubber stents. The impact of topically applied paclitaxel on the morphology of the nasal mucosa is unknown. An adult sheep model was used for this study. A modified rubber T-tube stent (incorporating paclitaxel at varying dosages) was secured to each side of the septum in four animals (eight sides). An unmodified T-tube was placed on each side of one animal, a T-tube with the drug carrier (but no paclitaxel) was placed on each side of the second animal, and T-tubes with varying paclitaxel were placed on each side of the final two animals. After 4 weeks, animals were killed and the nasal mucosa was harvested. The nasal mucosa was sectioned and stained with hematoxylin and eosin. A pathologist then assessed the nasal mucosa for vascular congestion, glandular atrophy, chronic inflammation, mucosal metaplasia, and mucosal ulceration. No consistent histopathological differences were noted in the specimens. All specimens showed varying degrees of vascular congestion, glandular atrophy, chronic inflammation, and mucosal metaplasia; the paclitaxel-impregnated stents were not consistently associated with more severe mucosal injury. Finally, mucosal ulceration was noted to be very rare in all specimens. This preliminary report describes the impact of paclitaxel-impregnated stents on sheep nasal mucosa, which tolerated these stents very well. Because paclitaxel minimizes scarring reactions at very low concentrations, paclitaxel-impregnated stents may prove useful in clinical situations in which frontal sinus stenting is deemed necessary. Additional investigations with animal models, as well as clinical trials, may be warranted.

Antiherpes Activity and Skin/Mucosa Distribution of Flavonoids from Achyrocline satureioides Extract Incorporated into Topical Nanoemulsions

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Juliana Bidone

2015-01-01

Full Text Available This study investigated the inhibitory effects of Achyrocline satureioides extract (ASE incorporated into a topical nanoemulsion on Herpes Simplex Virus type 1 (HSV-1/KOS strain replication, as well as the distribution of the main ASE flavonoids (quercetin, luteolin, and 3-O-methylquercetin in porcine skin and mucosa. The ASE-loaded nanoemulsion showed more pronounced effects against HSV-1 replication when compared to the ASE or pure quercetin, as determined by the viral plaque number reduction assay. All flavonoids were detected in the skin epidermis (2.2 µg/cm2 and the mucosa upper layers (3.0 µg/cm2 from ASE-loaded nanoemulsion until 8 h after topical application. A higher amount of flavonoids was detected when these tissues were impaired, especially in deeper mucosa layers (up to 7-fold. Flavonoids were detected in the receptor fluid only when the mucosa was injured. Such results were supported by confocal microscopy images. Overall, these findings suggest that the tested ASE-loaded nanoemulsion has potential to be used topically for herpes infections.

Insulin and thyroxine effect on /sup 32/P incorporation in the phospholipids of chicken intestinal mucosa

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Aleksandrov, S; Lazarov, J [Akademiya na Selskostopanskite Nauki, Sofia-Kostinbrod (Bulgaria). Inst. po Zhivotnovydstvo

1977-01-01

Trials were conducted with 56-day-old broiler chickens. The effect was followed up of insulin and alloxan as well as of L-thyroxine and 6-methylthiouracil on /sup 32/P incorporation in phospholipids of the duodenal mucosa. A segment of the duodenum was isolated and Na/sub 2/H/sup 32/PO/sub 4/ was introduced therein. The lipids were extracted from duodenal mucosa and the individual phospholipids were separated by means of thin layer chromatography on sillica gel-G. Radioactivity was determined of individual phospholipid fractions. Blood glucose level was studied in insulin and alloxan-treated chickens. The inference was drawn that insulin significantly enhances /sup 32/P incorporation in the phospholipids in broiler chicken duodenal mucosa. The drop in blood glucose in insulin-treated chickens is inversely proportional to /sup 32/ P inclusion in individual phospholipids of duodenal mucosa. L-thyroxine exerts positive effect in chickens concerning /sup 32/P incorporation in lecithin and lysolecithin, this effect being negative with respect to sphingomyelin, cephalin and cardiolipin. Thyroid gland inhibition by 6-methylthiouracil induces negligible decline in /sup 32/P inclusion.

Surface ultrastuctures of the human laryngeal mucosa - observation by an newly developed technique of SEM cinematography

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Ohyama, M.; Ohno, I.; Fujita, T.; Adachi, K.

1981-01-01

With the newly-developed techniques of SEM cinematography, surface ultrastructures of the human normal and pathological laryngeal mucosa were demonstrated. The high specialization of the laryngeal mucosa with its marked regional differences stresses the fact that even the squamous epithelium and nonciliated epithelium may play a role of utmost importance. All specimens were obtained after laryngectomy from 10 patients affected by laryngeal cancer which had been treated with or without preoperative irradiation of Lineac in total doses of 3,500-4,500 rad. Special attention was paid to the occurrence of microvilli and microplicae in the normal and pathological mucosa of the larynx, and their morphological and physiological significances were discussed briefly. (Auth.)

Segmental dilatation of the ileum covered almost entirely by gastric mucosa: report of a case.

Science.gov (United States)

Kobayashi, Tsutomu; Uchida, Nobuyuki; Shiojima, Masayuki; Sasamoto, Hajime; Shimura, Tatsuo; Takahasi, Atsusi; Kuwano, Hiroyuki

2007-01-01

A 13-year-old boy was referred to our hospital for investigation of intermittent abdominal colic pain and vomiting. He underwent an emergency laparotomy, which revealed a volvulus and segmental dilatation of the ileum. The dilated intestine was not associated with poor intestinal circulation. Because the dilated ileum did not seem to be the cause of the volvulus, we simply released the volvulus. However, after surgery, the patient still suffered from persistent abdominal pain, further episodes of volvulus, and invagination of the dilated ileum. Thus, we performed a second operation to resect the segmental dilatation of the ileum. Pathological examination revealed that most of the mucosa of the dilated ileum was composed of ectopic gastric mucosa. We postulate that the ectopic gastric mucosa led to the formation of segmental dilatation of the ileum.

Immunohistochemical study of jejunal graft mucosa cell populations during the initial adaptation phase in the host body in rats.

Science.gov (United States)

Tóth, Stefan; Jonecová, Zuzana; Varga, Ján; Staško, Pavel; Kovalčinová, Barbora; Maretta, Milan; Leško, Dušan; Veselá, Jarmila

2013-10-01

The character of the changes in cell populations within the jejunal graft mucosa during the initial adaptation phase in the host body was investigated. 24 adult male Wistar rats underwent intestinal heterotopic allotransplantation. Aorto-aortal and porto-caval anastomoses were performed using the end-to-side microsurgery technique. Graft tissues were compared to the intestinal tissues of the recipients. This study demonstrates that: (1) Distinct injury to the graft mucosa 1h after transplantation was accompanied by significant reduction in numbers of epithelial secretory cell populations. The injury was more intense in the mesenteric portion. Six hours after transplantation the graft mucosa was covered by a continuous epithelium, but the number of goblet and Paneth cells was found to be less than 30% of that in the recipient epithelium. (2) In comparison with recipients, myeloperoxidase-positive cell numbers increased significantly in the graft mucosa 1 h after transplantation. In the epithelial layer, denudation and destruction of villi was associated with a significant reduction in intraepithelial lymphocyte numbers. A significant decrease in mucosal mast cell numbers was detected 6 h after transplantation. They attained only 10% of the number found in the recipients. (3) Time-dependent changes in the graft mucosa revealed that CD163-positive cells increased significantly in the graft mucosa during 6 h after transplantation and reached the level found in the recipients. In contrast, the myeloperoxidase-positive cell population significantly decreased in the graft mucosa within the initial 6 h. Copyright © 2013 Elsevier GmbH. All rights reserved.

Feasibility of Shape-Memory Ni/Ti Alloy Wire Containing Tube Elevators for Transcrestal Detaching Maxillary Sinus Mucosa: Ex Vivo Study

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Yanfeng Li

2016-12-01

Full Text Available Background: Osteotome sinus floor elevation is a less invasive approach to augment an insufficient alveolar bone at the posterior maxilla for dental implantation. However, this approach has some limitations due to the lack of sinus lift tools available for clinical use and the small transcrestal access to the maxillary sinus floor. We recently invented shape-memory Ni/Ti alloy wire containing tube elevators for transcrestal detaching maxillary sinus mucosa, and developed goat ex vivo models for direct visualizing the effectiveness of detaching sinus mucosa in real time during transcrestal maxillary sinus floor elevation. Methods: We evaluated our invented elevators, namely elevator 012 and elevator 014, for their effectiveness for transcrestal detaching maxillary sinus mucosa using the goat ex vivo models. We measured the length of sinus mucosa detached in mesial and distal directions or buccal and palatal directions, and the space volume created by detaching maxillary sinus mucosa in mesial, distal, buccal and palatal directions using the invented elevators. Results: Elevator 012 had a shape-memory Ni/Ti alloy wire with a diameter of 0.012 inch, while elevator 014 had its shape-memory Ni/Ti alloy wire with a diameter of 0.014 inch. Elevator 012 could detach the goat maxillary sinus mucosa in the mesial or distal direction for 12.1±4.3 mm, while in the buccal or palatal direction for 12.5±6.7 mm. The elevator 014 could detach the goat maxillary sinus mucosa for 23.0±4.9 mm in the mesial or distal direction, and for 19.0±8.1 mm in the buccal or palatal direction. An average space volume of 1.7936±0.2079 ml was created after detaching the goat maxillay sinus mucosa in both mesial/distal direction and buccal/palatal direction using elevator 012; while the average space volume created using elevator 014 was 1.8764±0.2366 ml. Conclusion: Both two newly invented tube elevators could effectively detach the maxillary sinus mucosa on the goat ex

Feasibility of Shape-Memory Ni/Ti Alloy Wire Containing Tube Elevators for Transcrestal Detaching Maxillary Sinus Mucosa: Ex Vivo Study.

Science.gov (United States)

Li, Yanfeng; Wang, Fuli; Hu, Pin; Fan, Jiadong; Han, Yishi; Liu, Bin; Liu, Tao; Yang, Chunhao; Gu, Xiangmin

2016-01-01

Osteotome sinus floor elevation is a less invasive approach to augment an insufficient alveolar bone at the posterior maxilla for dental implantation. However, this approach has some limitations due to the lack of sinus lift tools available for clinical use and the small transcrestal access to the maxillary sinus floor. We recently invented shape-memory Ni/Ti alloy wire containing tube elevators for transcrestal detaching maxillary sinus mucosa, and developed goat ex vivo models for direct visualizing the effectiveness of detaching sinus mucosa in real time during transcrestal maxillary sinus floor elevation. We evaluated our invented elevators, namely elevator 012 and elevator 014, for their effectiveness for transcrestal detaching maxillary sinus mucosa using the goat ex vivo models. We measured the length of sinus mucosa detached in mesial and distal directions or buccal and palatal directions, and the space volume created by detaching maxillary sinus mucosa in mesial, distal, buccal and palatal directions using the invented elevators. Elevator 012 had a shape-memory Ni/Ti alloy wire with a diameter of 0.012 inch, while elevator 014 had its shape-memory Ni/Ti alloy wire with a diameter of 0.014 inch. Elevator 012 could detach the goat maxillary sinus mucosa in the mesial or distal direction for 12.1±4.3 mm, while in the buccal or palatal direction for 12.5±6.7 mm. The elevator 014 could detach the goat maxillary sinus mucosa for 23.0±4.9 mm in the mesial or distal direction, and for 19.0±8.1 mm in the buccal or palatal direction. An average space volume of 1.7936±0.2079 ml was created after detaching the goat maxillay sinus mucosa in both mesial/distal direction and buccal/palatal direction using elevator 012; while the average space volume created using elevator 014 was 1.8764±0.2366 ml. Both two newly invented tube elevators could effectively detach the maxillary sinus mucosa on the goat ex vivo sinus models. Moreover, elevator 014 has advantages over

Expressões faciais e emoções humanas levantamento bibliográfico

OpenAIRE

Silva,Josinete Aparecida da; Silva,Maria Júlia Paes da

1995-01-01

Este trabalho tem por objetivo registrar um levantamento bibliográfico feito nas áreas de conhecimento de Enfermagem e Psicologia, sobre as expressões faciais e as emoções humanas. Visa auxiliar os profissionais de saúde a refletirem sobre a importância da face nas relações interpessoais, mostrando as pesquisas mais citadas em bibliografia específica, primeiro referente às crianças e depois aos adultos. The present work intends to divulge some Nursing and Psychology'publications about huma...

Cholesterol esterase activity of human intestinal mucosa

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Ponz de Leon, M.; Carubbi, F.; Di Donato, P.; Carulli, N.

1985-01-01

It has been suggested that cholesterol absorption in humans is dependent on bile acid pool composition and that expansion of the cholic acid pool size is followed by an increase of the absorption values. Similar observations were reported in rats. In the present study, therefore, the authors investigated some general properties of human intestinal cholesterol esterase, with particular emphasis on the effect of bile acids on this enzymatic activity. Twenty-nine segments of small intestine were taken during operations; the enzymatic activity was studied by using mucosal homogenate as a source of enzyme and oleic acid, cholesterol, and 14 C-labeled cholesterol as substrates. The time-activity relationship was linear within the first two hours; optimal pH for esterification ranged between 5 and 6.2. There was little difference between the esterifying activity of the jejunal and ileal mucosa. Esterification of cholesterol was observed with all the investigated fatty acids but was maximal with oleic acid. Bile acids did not affect cholesterol esterase activity when present in the incubation mixture at 0.1 and 1.0 mM; the enzymatic activity, however, was significantly inhibited when bile acids were added at 20 mM. In conclusion, this study has shown that the human intestinal mucosa possesses a cholesterol esterase activity; at variance with the rat, however, the human enzyme does not seem to be stimulated by trihydroxy bile acids

Theoretical Considerations and a Mathematical Model for the Analysis of the Biomechanical Response of Human Keratinized Oral Mucosa

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Aikaterini Tsaira

2016-08-01

Full Text Available Removable complete and partial dentures are supported by the residual alveolar ridges consisting of mucosa, submucosa, periosteum and bone. An understanding of the biomechanical behavior of the oral mucosa is essential in order to improve the denture-bearing foundations for complete and partially edentulous patients. The purpose of this paper was to examine the biomechanical behavior of the soft tissues supporting a removable denture and develop a model for that reason. Keratinized oral mucosa blocks with their underlying bone were harvested from the maxillary palatal area adjacent to the edentulous ridges of a cadaver. The compressive response of the oral mucosa was tested by using atomic force microscopy. The specimens were first scanned in order their topography to be obtained. The mechanical properties of the specimens were tested using a single crystal silicon pyramidal tip, which traversed towards the keratinized oral mucosa specimens. Loading-unloading cycles were registered and four mathematical models were tested using MATLAB to note which one approximates the force-displacement curve as close as possible: a. spherical, b. conical, c. third order polynomial, d. Murphy (fourth order polynomial, non-linear Hertzian based. The third order polynomial model showed the best accuracy in representing the force-displacement data of the tested specimens. A model was developed in order to analyze the biomechanical behavior of the human oral keratinized mucosa and obtain information about its mechanical properties.

Transepithelial transport of PAMAM dendrimers across isolated rat jejunal mucosae in ussing chambers.

Science.gov (United States)

Hubbard, Dallin; Ghandehari, Hamidreza; Brayden, David J

2014-08-11

Oral delivery remains a challenge for poorly permeable hydrophilic macromolecules. Poly(amido amine) (PAMAM) dendrimers have shown potential for their possible oral delivery. Transepithelial transport of carboxyl-terminated G3.5 and amine-terminated G4 PAMAM dendrimers was assessed using isolated rat jejunal mucosae mounted in Ussing chambers. The 1 mM FITC-labeled dendrimers were added to the apical side of mucosae. Apparent permeability coefficients (Papp) from the apical to the basolateral side were significantly increased for FITC when conjugated to G3.5 PAMAM dendrimer compared to FITC alone. Minimal signs of toxicity were observed when mucosae were exposed to both dendrimers with respect to transepithelial electrical resistance changes, carbachol-induced short circuit current stimulation, and histological changes. [(14)C]-mannitol fluxes were not altered in the presence of 1 mM dendrimers, suggesting that the paracellular pathway was not affected at this concentration in this model. These results give insight into the mechanism of PAMAM dendrimer transepithelial rat jejunal transport, as well as toxicological considerations important for oral drug delivery.

Direitos e valores fundamentais no início da vida humana

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Ernestina Maria Veríssimo Batoca Silva

2016-02-01

Entendemos que os pais, por vezes, enfrentam dilemas éticos de difícil resolução e que no uso da sua autonomia e após ter sido fornecido o consentimento informado, é a eles que cabe a decisão dos caminhos a traçar.   Neste sentido, pretendemos sensibilizar os profissionais de saúde para o respeito da autonomia e dignidade dos pais, mas ao mesmo tempo motivar para a defesa e salvaguarda dos Direitos e valores subjacentes à vida humana seja do embrião, feto, recém-nascido – CRIANÇA.

Importância do zinco na nutrição humana

OpenAIRE

Mafra Denise; Cozzolino Sílvia Maria Franciscato

2004-01-01

Recentes pesquisas experimentais e clínicas têm reforçado a importância do zinco na saúde humana. O zinco possibilita várias funções bioquímicas, pois é componente de inúmeras enzimas, dentre estas, álcool desidrogenase, superóxido dismutase, anidrase carbônica, fosfatase alcalina e enzimas do sistema nervoso central. Participa na divisão celular, expressão genética, processos fisiológicos como crescimento e desenvolvimento, na transcrição genética, na morte celular, age como estabilizador de...

Espesor de la mucosa palatina previo a la colocación de injertos de tejido blando

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Cynthia Baltodano Ríos

2016-01-01

Full Text Available Conocer el espesor de mucosa palatina es de fundamental importancia al momento de realizar procedimientos de autoinjertos de tejido blando en cirugía periodontal. Este estudio tuvo como objetivo determinar el espesor de mucosa palatina en una población peruana joven. Materiales y métodos: Estudio descriptivo que incluyó a 24 pacientes sanos (12 varones y 12 mujeres. A través de una férula de acrílico con 20 puntos de referencia (a nivel de canino, primera premolar, segunda premolar, primera molar y segunda molar fueron realizadas las perforaciones con una sonda periodontal topada. Las medidas fueron registradas a partir de puntos sangrantes a 5 minutos y 10 minutos post inyección anestésica. Las referencias desde el margen gingival fueron registradas a 3mm, 6mm, 9mm y 12mm. Resultados: El espesor de mucosa palatina promedio de todos los pacientes fue de 2,86 ± 0,22mm; el espesor de mucosa de los varones fue de 2,87 ±0,2mm mientras que el espesor de las mujeres fue de 2,85 ± 0,26 no encontrándose diferencias significativas (p=0.9. Conclusión: El espesor de mucosa palatina de la población peruana joven fue mayor en el grupo de los varones y a nivel de la segunda molar superior.

Toxocariosis humana: ¿problema de salud pública?

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Pedro Huapaya H

2009-12-01

Full Text Available Se realizó una revisión bibliográfica para actualizar y sistematizar la información existente sobre la infección humana por el género Toxocara. Se describe los mecanismos de transmisión, epidemiología, formas clínicas, métodos de diagnóstico, esquemas de tratamiento. Además, se resalta su importancia como causa infecciosa de ceguera, en población joven, que resulta potencialmente prevenible y curable mediante el diagnóstico precoz. Por lo cual, se plantea propuestas para implementar la vigilancia epidemiológica. Asimismo, algunas sugerencias para mejorar la legislación existente que permita disminuir el riesgo de la transmisión a la población en general e incrementar el conocimiento que existe sobre esta infección en nuestro país.

O cadáver no ensino da anatomia humana: uma visão metodológica e bioética

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Gilliene Batista Ferreira da Costa

Full Text Available Este trabalho teve por objetivos analisar a opinião de alunos sobre as metodologias de ensino aplicadas em aulas práticas de anatomia humana e abordar questões bioéticas envolvidas na utilização dos cadáveres. Este estudo foi realizado mediante aplicação de questionário a 542 alunos dos cursos do Centro de Ciências da Saúde da Universidade Federal de Pernambuco que cursavam a disciplina de anatomia humana em 2011. Os dados obtidos revelaram que 88,9% dos entrevistados consideraram indispensável o uso de cadáver humano nas aulas práticas e que 98,3% empregam materiais didáticos auxiliares. Quanto às questões bioéticas, 80,7% afirmaram ter recebido informação sobre o respeito ao manipular um cadáver. Observou-se que o uso de cadáveres humanos foi considerado indispensável ao processo de ensino-aprendizagem no estudo da anatomia humana e que a relação em seu manuseio se reflete na conduta do futuro profissional com os pacientes, fortalecendo a humanização dos profissionais de saúde.

Responsabilidad social empresarial y gestión humana: una relación estratégica aplicada desde un modelo explicativo

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Juan David Peláez-León

2014-01-01

Full Text Available El presente trabajo tiene como objetivo explicar la relación entre la Responsabilidad Social Empresarial (RSE y la Gestión Humana, aplicando un modelo explicativo en una empresa colombiana. La empresa corresponde a un caso de estudio elaborado por el grupo de investigación Humanismo y Gestión (2012, mediante entrevistas en profundidad a personal directivo y cuestionarios dirigidos a los trabajadores. Los resultados, producto de la revisión bibliográfica, el análisis del caso y la aplicación del modelo, permiten por un lado, evidenciar y describir las condiciones y dimensiones que explican la relación entre la RSE y la Gestión Humana desde una perspectiva estratégica, y por otro lado, identificar alternativas de investigación para validar las relaciones establecidas en el modelo propuesto, así como abarcar nuevas cuestiones. Finalmente, la contribución de estos resultados son en el campo académico y empresarial, especialmente para investigadores en gestión humana y RSE que deseen explorar alternativas de investigación, así como para el empresariado colombiano y estudiantes que estén interesados en generar estrategias desde estos dos enfoques para las empresas.

Cytological and histological changes of the rectal mucosa cduring radiotherapy for cervical cancer

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Sano, Toshiyuki

1978-01-01

In a study undertaken to investigate acute radiogenic changes in the rectal mucosa occurring during Linac radiotherapy for carcinoma of the uterine cervix, rectal scrapings and mucosal tissue specimens were obtained under direct vision through a proctoscope and examined cytologically and histologically. The severity of changes in epithelial cells was proportional to the radiation dose. Thus, i) irradiation at a dose of 1000 rads was associated with a slight disorder in the arrangement of epithelial cells as well as enlargement and increased stainability of their nuclei; these changes agreed well with histological findings, ii) at 2000 rads a moderate disorder in the arrangement of epithelial cells, enlargement of nuclei and pyknosis became noticeable; decreased stainability of nuclei and vacuolization were prominent, iii) at 3000 rads disordered arrangement of epithelial cells, enlargement and decreased stainability of nuclei or pyknosis were still more marked and desquamation of epithelial cells, inequality in size and stainability of nuclei and enlargement and increase in the number of nucleoli became prominent. Morphological evidence indicated that the radiosensitivity of the mucosal epithelium of the rectum is lower than that of the small intestine but higher than that of the squamous epithelium of the uterine cervix. After introduction of a central shield there was rapid recovery of the rectal mucosa both cytologically and histologically, thus demonstrating that at dose levels up to 3000 rads no permanent damage occurs in the rectal mucosa. This finding suggests the importance of a central shield in lessening radiation damage to the rectal mucosa. (author)

La Psicología de la Reproducción: la Necesidad del Psicólogo en las Unidades de Reproducción Humana

OpenAIRE

Carmen Moreno Rosset; Rosario Antequera Jurado; Cristina Jenaro Río; Yolanda Gómez Sánchez

2009-01-01

El presente trabajo justifica que la infertilidad es un tema central de la Psicología de la Reproducción y la necesidad del psicólogo en las Unidades de Reproducción Humana. La muestra está compuesta por 485 sujetos infértiles pertenecientes a Unidades de Reproducción Humana de dos Hospitales Universitarios españoles. Se realiza el análisis de las respuestas obtenidas en tres entrevistas semiestructuradas aplicadas en distintos momentos del proceso de diagnóstico y tratamiento de reproducción...

Segurança humana na América do Sul: uma abordagem para as relações colombo-brasileira

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Luis Fernando Vargas-Alzate

2012-01-01

Full Text Available El presente artículo ofrece un análisis de la concepción y aplicación de la seguridad humana en el contexto suramericano, particularmente en las relaciones colombo-brasileñas. Partiendo del análisis sobre la seguridad internacional, los autores ofrecen un panorama general del cambio de orientación de la misma una vez la Organización de las Naciones Unidas imprimió integralidad al concepto hasta llevarlo a la seguridad humana en las regiones. Como asunto específico de análisis, el artículo desarrolla un análisis histórico cualitativo de la seguridad en la zona de frontera entre Colombia y Brasil. Asimismo, se detiene en la construcción de una reflexión analítica sobre las políticas exteriores de ambos Estados y su aplicación en la región amazónica y la frontera en particular, punto focal del trabajo académico. Finalmente, concluye grandes distancias entre la aplicación del concepto de seguridad entre Suramérica y otras regiones, a la vez que identifica situaciones poco comunes dentro del marco de la institucionalidad para el área limítrofe entre los dos países suramericanos, en especial en la aplicación del concepto de seguridad humana.

Inducing effect of clofibric acid on stearoyl-CoA desaturase in intestinal mucosa of rats.

Science.gov (United States)

Yamazaki, Tohru; Kadokura, Makiko; Mutoh, Yuki; Sakamoto, Takeshi; Okazaki, Mari; Mitsumoto, Atsushi; Kawashima, Yoichi; Kudo, Naomi

2014-12-01

Fibrates have been reported to elevate the hepatic proportion of oleic acid (18:1n-9) through inducing stearoyl-CoA desaturase (SCD). Despite abundant studies on the regulation of SCD in the liver, little is known about this issue in the small intestine. The present study aimed to investigate the effect of clofibric acid on the fatty acid profile, particularly monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA), and the SCD expression in intestinal mucosa. Treatment of rats with a diet containing 0.5% (w/w) clofibric acid for 7 days changed the MUFA profile of total lipids in intestinal mucosa; the proportion of 18:1n-9 was significantly increased, whereas those of palmitoleic (16:1n-7) and cis-vaccenic (18:1n-7) acids were not changed. Upon the treatment with clofibric acid, SCD was induced and the gene expression of SCD1, SCD2, and fatty acid elongase (Elovl) 6 was up-regulated, but that of Elovl5 was unaffected. Fat-free diet feeding for 28 days increased the proportions of 16:1n-7 and 18:1n-7, but did not effectively change that of 18:1n-9, in intestinal mucosa. Fat-free diet feeding up-regulated the gene expression of SCD1, but not that of SCD2, Elovl6, or Elovl5. These results indicate that intestinal mucosa significantly changes its MUFA profile in response to challenges by clofibric acid and a fat-free diet and suggest that up-regulation of the gene expression of SCD along with Elovl6 is indispensable to elevate the proportion of 18:1n-9 in intestinal mucosa.

Heterotopic gastric mucosa involving the gallbladder and biliary tree

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Madrid, Carmen; Berrocal, Teresa; Gorospe, Luis; Prieto, Consuelo [Department of Paediatric Radiology, Hospital Infantil ' ' La Paz' ' , Paseo de la Castellana 261, 28046 Madrid (Spain); Gamez, Manuel [Department of Paediatric Surgery, Hospital Infantil ' ' La Paz' ' , Madrid (Spain)

2003-02-01

A case of heterotopic gastric mucosa in the common bile duct, cystic duct and gallbladder is reported in a 3-year-old girl with abdominal pain and jaundice. Abdominal US and CT showed dilatation of the biliary tree and a well-defined mass in the common bile duct that narrowed its lumen. The gallbladder was contracted in both examinations. The common bile duct and the gallbladder were resected and a choledochojejunostomy was performed. Although gastric heterotopy has been described throughout the entire length of the gastrointestinal tract, it is a very uncommon finding in the gallbladder and extremely rare in the biliary tree. A firm diagnosis of gastric heterotopia is based on the presence of fundal mucosa replete with parietal and chief cells. To our knowledge, this is the fifth reported case of heterotopic gastric tissue within the common bile duct, and the first to describe the US and CT findings. A relevant literature review and brief outline of the histological and radiological features are included in the discussion. (orig.)

Heterotopic gastric mucosa involving the gallbladder and biliary tree

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Madrid, Carmen; Berrocal, Teresa; Gorospe, Luis; Prieto, Consuelo; Gamez, Manuel

2003-01-01

A case of heterotopic gastric mucosa in the common bile duct, cystic duct and gallbladder is reported in a 3-year-old girl with abdominal pain and jaundice. Abdominal US and CT showed dilatation of the biliary tree and a well-defined mass in the common bile duct that narrowed its lumen. The gallbladder was contracted in both examinations. The common bile duct and the gallbladder were resected and a choledochojejunostomy was performed. Although gastric heterotopy has been described throughout the entire length of the gastrointestinal tract, it is a very uncommon finding in the gallbladder and extremely rare in the biliary tree. A firm diagnosis of gastric heterotopia is based on the presence of fundal mucosa replete with parietal and chief cells. To our knowledge, this is the fifth reported case of heterotopic gastric tissue within the common bile duct, and the first to describe the US and CT findings. A relevant literature review and brief outline of the histological and radiological features are included in the discussion. (orig.)

Acute mucositis in the stimulated oral mucosa of patients during radiotherapy for head and neck cancer

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Maciejewski, B.; Zajusz, A.; Pilecki, B.; Swiatnicka, J.; Skladowski, K.; Trott, K.R.

1991-01-01

In 16 patients treated for squamous cell carcinoma of the oral cavity or oropharynx with an accelerated split course regimen, acute mucosal reactions were significantly less in the left buccal mucosa which had been repeatedly painted with 2% silver-nitrate solution for several days before radiotherapy than in the unpainted right buccal mucosa. (author). 8 refs., 3 figs., 1 tab

Inicial nasal mucosa detachment using piezoelectric device in the Le Fort I osteotomy: A technical note

OpenAIRE

Shinohara, Elio Hitoshi; Kaba, Shajadi Carlos Pardo; Ruiz, Marcelo Martinson; Horikawa, Fernando Kendi

2013-01-01

In maxillary Le Fort I type osteotomy the detachment of the nasal mucosa should be done carefully. Piezoelectric surgery contributed much to increase the safety of osteotomies, despite the initial advantage of minimizing the risk of injury in nervous tissue, mainly in bilateral sagittal split osteotomy; we use the piezoelectric device for the initial detachment of the nasal mucosa in the maxillary osteotomy.

Primary Pulmonary Mucosa-Associated Lymphoid Tissue Lymphoma with a Nodular Opacity: Report of a Case.

Science.gov (United States)

Yoshino, Naoyuki; Hirata, Tomomi; Takeuchi, Chie; Usuda, Jitsuo; Hosone, Masaru

2017-01-01

Herein, we describe our experience in treating a case of primary pulmonary mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma detected as a nodular opacity. A 79-year-old man was referred to our hospital. Computed tomography showed a nodular opacity measuring 20 mm in diameter with regular margins in segment 5 of the right middle lobe of the lung. Although the bronchoscopic brush cytology result was class III, the patient was tentatively diagnosed with suspected mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma. A thoracoscopic right middle lobectomy was performed. The pathological findings showed nodular proliferation of small to medium-sized, mature-appearing atypical lymphoid cells, lymphoepithelial lesions, and vague follicles suggesting follicular colonization in some areas. The patient was diagnosed with low-grade small B-cell lymphoma and mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma. He has remained well to date, 23 months after surgery, without evidence of recurrence.

Notas sobre o autotelismo discursivo em ciências humanas

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Paulo Eduardo Lopes

1994-12-01

Full Text Available O Ateliê de Semiótica Discursiva, coordenado por Denis Bertrand, propôs focalizar, no ano letivo 1991-1992, a " Estética do Discurso Erudito", no quadro da temática "Estética da Ética" do Seminário de Semântica Geral, de A.J . Greimas, na Escola de Altos Estudos em Ciências Sociais de Paris (E. H. E. S. S.. Bertrand distribuiu cópias de trechos de textos célebres em ciências humanas (Lévi-Strauss, Deleuze e Guattari, Greimas, Barthes, Foucault e outros, sobre os quais os participantes deveriam realizar análises que tomassem como modelo, por exemplo, aquelas praticadas por Greimas e Landowski em lntroduction à L 'Analyse du Discours en Sciences Sociales ( 1979.

Oral mucocele of unusual size on the buccal mucosa: clinical presentation and surgical approach.

Science.gov (United States)

Seo, Juliana; Bruno, Ingrid; Artico, Gabriela; Vechio, Aluana Dal; Migliari, Dante A

2012-01-01

Oral mucoceles are small-size, benign minor salivary gland pathologies. The most frequent localizations of these lesions are the lower lip mucosa. However, in some cases, they grow to an unusual size and hinder the preliminary diagnosis of mucocele. The purpose of this article is to report a case of a large oral mucocele with a diameter of 3.5 cm on the buccal mucosa of a 43-years-old male patient. The surgical procedure was carried out for a complete removal of the lesion.

Educating Normal Breast Mucosa to Prevent Breast Cancer

Science.gov (United States)

2016-12-01

immune system to maintain epithelial integrity. In this study our goal was to study the immune subsets associated with breast mucosa and develop the...into the mammary gland. Specific Aim 3: Determine an optimal oral vaccine approach able to minimize hyperplasia . 5 287 288 289 290 291 292...colonization, but also regulating homeostasis of the epithelial layer. As a part of the mucosal immune system, the mammary gland may have characteristic

Seguridad humana y recursos naturales - política de seguridad en Colombia

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Echeverría Rodríguez, Aura María

2010-01-01

El presente trabajo de grado atiende el nuevo concepto de política (biopolítica) que ha sido definido, por algunos autores como la política alrededor de la vida (bios), y el nuevo concepto de seguridad (seguridad humana) que cobija dentro de sus dimensiones, la seguridad medio ambiental. Esos nuevos conceptos justifican el interés de hacer un análisis de la política de seguridad en Colombia, especialmente, de la política de seguridad frente a los recursos naturales que son el fundamento de la...

77 FR 56674 - United States v. Humana Inc. and Arcadian Management Services, Inc.; Public Comment and Response...

Science.gov (United States)

2012-09-13

... students in the United States. The AMA's comment states that: MA [Medicare Advantage] plans in competitive... Services, Inc.; Public Comment and Response on Proposed Final Judgment Pursuant to the Antitrust Procedures... on the proposed Final Judgment in United States v. Humana Inc. and Arcadian Management Services, Inc...

Food restriction beginning at lactation interferes with the cellular dynamics of the mucosa and colonic myenteric innervation in adult rats

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JOÃO PAULO F. SCHOFFEN

2014-12-01

Full Text Available The effects of food restriction (FR on the morphoquantitative aspects of the wall and myenteric neurons of the proximal colon in adult rats were analysed. FR was imposed by duplication of the experimental brood size in relation to the control brood during lactation. The FR group received a 50% reduction of food from weaning until 90 days of age. Samples of the colon underwent histological processing to morphometrically analyze the crypts, muscularis mucosae, tunica mucosa, and muscularis externa. We determined the number of goblet cells and serotoninergic enteroendocrine cells, and morphoquantitatively studied the myenteric neuronal population. FR caused hypertrophy in the tunica mucosa, increase in crypt depth and in the muscular layer of the mucosa, a decrease in the thickness of the tunica muscularis and in the number of goblet cells and an increase in serotoninergic cells. A higher neuronal density in the ganglia and a reduction of the cell profile area were observed in the FR group. FR imposed since lactation led to hypertrophy of the tunica mucosa, a reduction of neutral mucin production, atrophy of the tunica muscularis, and an increase in the survival neuronal in adult rats, attributable to an increase in the number of serotoninergic enteroendocrine cells in mucosa.

Studies of blood flow in human nasal mucosa with /sup133/Xe washout technique and laser doppler flowmetry

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Olsson, P.

1986-01-01

The techniques were applied for studies of the influence of environmental temperature on the human nasal mucosa, for studies of mediators in nasal allergy and for studies of the sympathetic neurogenic control of blood flow in the nasal mucosa. The results show that the two techniques are complementary to one another. The /sup133/Xe washout technique is useful for semiquantitative estimations of blood flow in the deeper parts of the mucosa, while the laser doppler technique is especially suited for continuous recordings of relative blood flow changes in the superficial part of the mucosa. Vascular changes may take part in body temperature regulation changes may take part in body temperature regulation as well as in conditioning of respiratory air. The results support the theories that changes in nasal mucosal blood flow are related to body temperature control, while conditioning of inspiratory air may be more dependent on mucosal blood content. The observed dissociation between changes in the resistance and the capacitance vessels also illustrates that these vascular segments are regulated in different ways. The present results indicate that leukotriene D/sub4/ might contribute to an increased blood flow in the nasal mucosa and to blockage of the nasal airway in the acute allergic reaction. Vasomotion is demonstrated to be present in the nasal mucosa, and it appears to be partly dependent on sympathetic neurogenic activity. The development of the present techniques, means that vascular changes involved in normal nasal function and in nasal disease may be evaluated by a new approach. (author)

Zonulin is not increased in the cardiac and esophageal mucosa of patients with gastroesophageal reflux disease.

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Wex, Thomas; Mönkemüller, Klaus; Kuester, Doerthe; Fry, Lucia; Kandulski, Arne; Malfertheiner, Peter

2009-06-01

Human Zonulin, related to the Zonula occludens toxin of Vibrio cholerae, regulates intestinal permeability and is induced in inflammatory disorders of the lower GI tract. Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is associated with an impairment of epithelial barrier function. Here, we studied expression of zonulin in the gastroesophageal mucosa of 58 patients with typical reflux symptoms and 27 asymptomatic controls. During endoscopy, multiple biopsies from gastroesophageal mucosa were obtained for routine histopathology (Helicobacter pylori-status, inflammation) and gene expression analysis (immunohistochemistry, ELISA). Patients with GERD presented with typical histopathological alterations like elongation of papillae (P=0.015), basal cell hyperplasia (PZonulin was found to be expressed ubiquitously in gastroesophageal mucosa. Mucosal levels in controls ranged between 2.2 and 3.7 ng/microg total protein. Mean values were significantly higher in antrum (3.3+/-1.7 ng/microg) than cardia (2.7+/-1.2n g/microg) and esophagus (2.2+/-1.3 ng/microg) (Pzonulin expression in gastroesophageal mucosa. In conclusion, despite its established role for intestinal permeability, Zonulin seems not to be involved in the regulation of epithelial barrier function in relation to GERD.

Substitution urethroplasty using oral mucosa graft for male anterior urethral stricture disease: Current topics and reviews.

Science.gov (United States)

Horiguchi, Akio

2017-07-01

Male anterior urethral stricture is scarring of the subepithelial tissue of the corpus spongiosum that constricts the urethral lumen, decreasing the urinary stream. Its surgical management is a challenging problem, and has changed dramatically in the past several decades. Open surgical repair using grafts or flaps, called substitution urethroplasty, has become the gold standard procedure for anterior urethral strictures that are not amenable to excision and primary anastomosis. Oral mucosa harvested from the inner cheek (buccal mucosa) is an ideal material, and is most commonly used for substitution urethroplasty, and lingual mucosa harvested from the underside of the tongue has recently emerged as an alternative material with equivalent outcome. Onlay augmentation of oral mucosa graft on the ventral side (ventral onlay) or dorsal side (dorsal onlay, Barbagli procedure) has been widely used for bulbar urethral stricture with comparable success rates. In bulbar urethral strictures containing obliterative or nearly obliterative segments, either a two-sided dorsal plus ventral onlay (Palminteri technique) or a combination of excision and primary anastomosis and onlay augmentation (augmented anastomotic urethroplasty) are the procedures of choice. Most penile urethral strictures can be repaired in a one-stage procedure either by dorsal inlay with ventral sagittal urethrotomy (Asopa technique) or dorsolateral onlay with one-sided urethral dissection (Kulkarni technique); however, staged urethroplasty remains the procedure of choice for complex strictures, including strictures associated with genital lichen sclerosus or failed hypospadias. This article presents an overview of substitution urethroplasty using oral mucosa graft, and reviews current topics. © 2017 The Japanese Urological Association.

Inicial nasal mucosa detachment using piezoelectric device in the Le Fort I osteotomy: A technical note

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Shinohara, Elio Hitoshi; Kaba, Shajadi Carlos Pardo; Ruiz, Marcelo Martinson; Horikawa, Fernando Kendi

2013-01-01

In maxillary Le Fort I type osteotomy the detachment of the nasal mucosa should be done carefully. Piezoelectric surgery contributed much to increase the safety of osteotomies, despite the initial advantage of minimizing the risk of injury in nervous tissue, mainly in bilateral sagittal split osteotomy; we use the piezoelectric device for the initial detachment of the nasal mucosa in the maxillary osteotomy. PMID:23853472

Inicial nasal mucosa detachment using piezoelectric device in the Le Fort I osteotomy: A technical note

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Elio Hitoshi Shinohara

2013-01-01

Full Text Available In maxillary Le Fort I type osteotomy the detachment of the nasal mucosa should be done carefully. Piezoelectric surgery contributed much to increase the safety of osteotomies, despite the initial advantage of minimizing the risk of injury in nervous tissue, mainly in bilateral sagittal split osteotomy; we use the piezoelectric device for the initial detachment of the nasal mucosa in the maxillary osteotomy.

A frequência do HPV na mucosa oral normal de indivíduos sadios por meio da PCR The frequency of human papillomavirus findings in normal oral mucosa of healthy people by PCR

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David Esquenazi

2010-02-01

Full Text Available Os papilomavírus humanos (HPV são DNA vírus pertencentes à família papilomaviridae com grupos de baixo e alto risco que infectam a pele e a mucosa podendo induzir a formação de tumores epiteliais benignos e malignos. Na mucosa oral, estes vírus têm sido associados a papilomas orais, hiperplasias epiteliais focais, leucoplasias e neoplasias orais. OBJETIVO: Estudar a frequência do HPV em mucosa oral de indivíduos normais. MATERIAL E MÉTODO: Trabalho prospectivo em coorte transversal. Participaram desse estudo 100 indivíduos voluntários, faixa etária de 20 a 31 anos, estudantes universitários, sem história, queixas ou lesões visíveis ao exame físico de cavidade oral e orofaringe. Foram submetidos a questionário com perguntas referentes à epidemiologia da infecção pelo HPV. Foi colhido material de mucosa oral por raspado com escova e analisado pelo PCR. RESULTADOS: Os resultados mostraram ausência de HPV em todas as amostras. CONCLUSÃO: Parece ter havido participação do alto nível socioeconômico com alimentação rica em carotenoides e vitamina C, baixo consumo tabágico e etílico e comportamento heterossexual predominantemente monogâmico com uso regular de preservativos.The human papillomavirus (HPV is a DNA virus, which belongs to papillomaviridae family, being of low and high risk, which infect the skin and mucous membranes and can induce benign and malign tumor formation. In the oral mucosa they have been associated with oral papilloma, focal epithelial hyperplasia, leucoplakia and oral neoplasia. AIM: to study the frequency of HPV finding in oral mucosa of normal people. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Prospective study, cross-sectional cohort. One hundred volunteers, young adults, healthy, aged between 20 and 31 years, university students with no history, no complains, without oral or oropharyngeal lesions. They were submitted to a questionnaire with questions regarding HPV infection epidemiology. The samples were

ÉTICA E PESSOA HUMANA SEGUNDO O RACIOVITALISMO HISPÂNICO: CONTRIBUIÇÕES DA FILOSOFIA DE JULIÁN MARÍAS

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Arlindo F. Gonçalves

2009-01-01

Full Text Available Se trata de exponer y examinar los argumentos del filósofo Julián Marías en relación con el problema de la ética de la persona humana, desde la perspectiva de la vida humana y de la Antropología metafísica. Integrante de la "Escuela de Madrid", su pensamiento ha sido inspirado por la filosofía raciovitalista de Ortegay Gasset. En este trabajo se pretende recuperar el contexto de esa influencia, para introducir los principales conceptos de su modelo teórico, y presentar sus consideraciones sobre la vida como un argumento biográfico proyectivo, la instalación de las circunstancias y las mundanidades como formas de hacer la persona.

Percepções Acadêmicas sobre o Ensino e a Aprendizagem em Anatomia Humana

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Cléton Salbego

Full Text Available Esta pesquisa investiga as percepções de acadêmicos sobre o processo de ensino e aprendizagem na disciplina de Anatomia Humana oferecida nos cursos de Ciências Biológicas e Enfermagem de uma universidade da Região Centro-Oeste do Estado do Rio Grande do Sul. Trata-se de uma pesquisa qualitativa, com caráter descritivo e exploratório, realizada com dez acadêmicos de cada um dos cursos envolvidos, regularmente matriculados na disciplina e frequentando o Laboratório de Anatomia Humana. Os depoimentos foram coletados por meio de entrevistas semiestruturadas e analisados à luz da análise de conteúdo. Emergiram percepções acerca do processo de ensino e aprendizagem da disciplina e da sua relevância para a formação profissional. Conclui-se que as percepções dos acadêmicos apontam obstáculos enfrentados para uma aprendizagem efetiva. As dificuldades despertam nos estudantes sentimentos de impotência e desânimo. Nesse contexto, surge um grande desafio: propor estudos que considerem a opinião dos acadêmicos, promovendo espaços de troca e construção coletiva do processo de formação.

A comparative study of clinicopathological features between chronic cholecystitis patients with and without Helicobacter pylori infection in gallbladder mucosa.

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Di Zhou

Full Text Available BACKGROUND: Helicobacter pylori has been isolated from 10%-20% of human chronic cholecystitis specimens but the characteristics of "Helicobacter pylori positive cholecystitis" remains unclear. This study aims to compare the clinicopathological features between chronic cholecystitis patients with and without Helicobacter pylori infection in gallbladder mucosa. METHODS: Three hundred and twenty-six chronic cholecystitis patients were divided into two groups according to whether Helicobacter pylori could be detected by culture, staining or PCR for Helicobacter 16s rRNA gene in gallbladder mucosa. Positive samples were sequenced for Helicobacter pylori-specific identification. Clinical parameters as well as pathological characteristics including some premalignant lesions and the expression levels of iNOS and ROS in gallbladder were compared between the two groups. RESULTS: Helicobacter pylori infection in gallbladder mucosa was detected in 20.55% of cholecystitis patients. These patients had a higher prevalence of acid regurgitation symptoms (p = 0.001, more histories of chronic gastritis (p = 0.005, gastric ulcer (p = 0.042, duodenal ulcer (p = 0.026 and higher presence of Helicobacter pylori in the stomach as compared to patients without Helicobacter pylori infection in the gallbladder mucosa. Helicobacter pylori 16s rRNA in gallbladder and gastric-duodenal mucosa from the same individual patient had identical sequences. Also, higher incidences of adenomyomatosis (p = 0.012, metaplasia (p = 0.022 and higher enhanced expressions of iNOS and ROS were detected in Helicobacter pylori infected gallbladder mucosa (p<0.05. CONCLUSIONS: Helicobacter pylori infection in gallbladder mucosa is strongly associated with Helicobacter pylori existed in stomach. Helicobacter pylori is also correlated with gallbladder premalignant lesions including metaplasia and adenomyomatosis. The potential mechanism might be related with higher ROS

Robotic Ureteroplasty with Buccal Mucosa Graft for the Management of Complex Ureteral Strictures.

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Lee, Ziho; Waldorf, Benjamin T; Cho, Eric Y; Liu, Jeffrey C; Metro, Michael J; Eun, Daniel D

2017-12-01

Surgical management of proximal and mid ureteral strictures that are not amenable to primary excision and anastomosis is challenging. Although a buccal mucosa graft is commonly used during substitution urethroplasty, its use in substitution ureteroplasty is limited. We describe our technique of robotic ureteroplasty with a buccal mucosa graft to manage complex ureteral strictures and we report our outcomes. We retrospectively reviewed the records of 12 patients who underwent robotic ureteroplasty with a buccal mucosa graft between September 2014 and June 2016. The indication for the procedure was a proximal or mid ureteral stricture not amenable to primary excision and anastomosis. The primary outcomes were clinical success, absent symptoms on ureteral pathology and radiological success, defined as absent ureteral obstruction on retrograde pyelography, renal scan and/or computerized tomography. Four of the 12 patients (33.3%) had a ureteropelvic junction stricture, 4 (33.3%) had a proximal stricture and 4 (33.3%) had a mid ureteral stricture. Eight of the 12 patients (66.7%) had previously undergone failed ureteral reconstruction. Median stricture length was 3 cm (range 2 to 5). Median operative time was 217 minutes (range 136 to 344) and mean estimated blood loss was 100 ml (range 50 to 200). Median length of stay was 1 day (range 1 to 6). At a median followup of 13 months (range 4 to 30) 10 of the 12 cases (83.3%) were clinically and radiologically successful. Robotic ureteroplasty with a buccal mucosa graft is associated with low inherent morbidity. It is an effective way to manage complex proximal and mid ureteral strictures. Copyright © 2017 American Urological Association Education and Research, Inc. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Efeito genotóxico do etanol em células da mucosa bucal

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Reis Silvia Regina de Almeida

2002-01-01

Full Text Available O etanol é um dos agentes químicos relacionados ao desenvolvimento de neoplasias malignas bucais. Os micronúcleos são porções de cromatina que permanecem próximas ao núcleo, resultantes de mitoses aberrantes após a ação de agentes genotóxicos. Dessa forma, sua ocorrência reflete o grau de exposição celular a carcinógenos. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a freqüência de micronúcleos em células esfoliadas da língua e da mucosa jugal de indivíduos dependentes químicos de etanol. A amostra constou de células esfoliadas da língua e da mucosa jugal de 40 indivíduos alcoólatras não fumantes e de 20 abstêmios de álcool e fumo. As células obtidas foram coradas pelo método de Feulgen e contracoradas pelo "Fast Green". Observou-se um aumento estatisticamente significativo da freqüência de micronúcleos em células esfoliadas da língua no grupo de indivíduos expostos ao etanol em relação ao grupo controle (p 0,05. Conclui-se, portanto, que o consumo excessivo de etanol promove alterações efetivas em células da mucosa bucal, mesmo na ausência de exposição ao fumo. Tais alterações apresentam-se mais expressivas no bordo lateral de língua, um sítio mais exposto à ação de carcinógenos quando comparado à mucosa jugal.

La inteligencia artificial como tecnolog??a de mejora humana y el debate sobre sus aplicaciones de doble uso

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Moreno Mu??oz, Miguel

2016-01-01

La comunicaci??n fue presentada en la Mesa 1 (Aula 19, viernes 15 de enero, 11:30-13:00 hs): Bio??tica, gobernanza y actuales posibilidades biotecnol??gicas de mejora humana. Coordinadores: Francisco Lara, David Rodr??guez-Arias y Carissa V??liz.

Recovery time for inflamed middle ear mucosa in chronic otitis media.

Science.gov (United States)

Pakır, Onur; Dinç, Aykut Erdem; Damar, Murat; Akyıldız, İlker; Eliçora, Sultan Şevik; Erdem, Duygu

2016-01-01

The present study shows that 2-3 weeks after medical treatment the status of middle ear mucosa in draining ears is similar to that of dry ears for at least 3 months. To measure the time required for an inflamed middle ear mucosa to return into optimal state after appropriate medical treatment in chronic suppurative otitis media (CSOM). To assess optimal timing for elective surgical treatment of draining ears in uncomplicated CSOM. In this prospective study, the Eustachian tube (ET) mucociliary clearance time (MCT) was used as the method to demonstrate the status of middle ear mucosa. In group 1 (28 patients) ET-MCT was measured in ears that were free of drainage for at least 3 months. In Group 2 (21 patients), ET-MCT was measured in draining ears, who responded to 10-14 days medical treatment, at presentation, after 10 days and 1 month. The ET-MCT was 8.63 ± 1.32 min in group 1 and 28.96 ± 8.19 min in group 2 at presentation; and the difference was statistically significant (p < 0.001). The ET-MCT was 14.76 ± 5.11 min after 10 days and 9.31 ± 2.33 min after 1 month in group 2. The ET-MCT was indifferent between groups 1 and 2 after 1 month (p = 0.235).

Transcription factors GATA-4 and GATA-6 in normal and neoplastic human gastrointestinal mucosa

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Mäki Markku

2008-04-01

Full Text Available Abstract Background Human gastrointestinal mucosa regenerates vigorously throughout life, but the factors controlling cell fate in mature mucosa are poorly understood. GATA transcription factors direct cell proliferation and differentiation in many organs, and are implicated in tumorigenesis. GATA-4 and GATA-6 are considered crucial for the formation of murine gastrointestinal mucosa, but their role in human gastrointestinal tract remains unexplored. We studied in detail the expression patterns of these two GATA factors and a GATA-6 down-stream target, Indian hedgehog (Ihh, in normal human gastrointestinal mucosa. Since these factors are considered important for proliferation and differentiation, we also explored the possible alterations in their expression in gastrointestinal neoplasias. The expression of the carcinogenesis-related protein Indian hedgehog was also investigated in comparison to GATA factors. Methods Samples of normal and neoplastic gastrointestinal tract from children and adults were subjected to RNA in situ hybridization with 33P labelled probes and immunohistochemistry, using an avidin-biotin immunoperoxidase system. The pathological tissues examined included samples of chronic and atrophic gastritis as well as adenomas and adenocarcinomas of the colon and rectum. Results GATA-4 was abundant in the differentiated epithelial cells of the proximal parts of the gastrointestinal tract but was absent from the distal parts. In contrast, GATA-6 was expressed throughout the gastrointestinal epithelium, and in the distal gut its expression was most intense at the bottom of the crypts, i.e. cells with proliferative capacity. Both factors were also present in Barrett's esophagus and metaplasia of the stomach. GATA-6 expression was reduced in colon carcinoma. Ihh expression overlapped with that of GATA-6 especially in benign gastrointestinal neoplasias. Conclusion The results suggest differential but overlapping functions for GATA-4 and

Morphological and morphometric characteristics of gastric mucosa in western grey kangaroo (Macropus fuliginosus

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Mahmoud Badran Shoeib

2015-03-01

Full Text Available The present study was aimed to investigate the morphology and histomorphometry of stomach and gastric mucosa in western grey kangaroo (Macropus fuliginosus. The stomach was composed of three indistinctive separate parts namely sacciform forestomach, tubiform forestomach, and hindstomach. The tubiform forestomach was the main tubular section of the organ. The stomach had a compound lining. The non-glandular mucosa occupied the medial blind sac (MBS of the sacciform forestomach; the layer covered about one-third of the tubiform forestomach (non-glandular region and the entire length of the gastric sulcus. The glandular part lined the parietal blind sac (PBS of sacciform forestomach and the cardiac gland region of tubiform forestomach as well as fundic and pyloric gland regions of the hindstomach. The cardiac mucosa had smooth and folded areas; these were filled with mixed glands. In the fundic glands, the parietal cells outnumbered the chief cells. The pyloric glands were of serous-like in characteristics. In conclusion, gross and histological structures of the stomach of western grey kangaroo are adaptive with its food habitat, which allows thorough mixing of highly fibrous grasses.

Genética humana: sociedade, saúde educação.

OpenAIRE

Santos, Maria Concepción Novoa

2008-01-01

Esta pesquisa faz uma análise teórica da rapidez dos descobrimentos e avanços da Genética humana e suas implicações na medicina; na construção social dos conceitos de corpo, identidade, individualidade, saúde, doença; nas relações de poder; na economia; na política e na própria ciência, visando assim demonstrar a necessidade premente e indiscutível da difusão deste conhecimento em todos os níveis de ensino. Sendo as profissões de saúde, na sua interface com a educação, as que intermediam esta...

The effect of radon 222 on the oral mucosa of rabbits

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Minta, A.; Minta, P.; Kochanski, W.

1975-01-01

In experiments on 52 rabbits the authors investigated the effects of radon 222 administered by inhalation on the oral mucosa. The experimental animals were divided into 3 groups: 1 - controls, 2 - receiving radon inhalations in concentration 1 nCi/1, 3- receiving similar inhalations in a concentration of 5 nCi/l of air. Sections involving the lower lip with the mucosa were obtained for investigations after 10, 20, 30 and 60 days of inhalation. In the group of animals receiving radon in lower concentration its stimulating effect manifested itself as stimulation of mesenchymal cells and vascular endothelium. In group 3 sebaceous glands, atrophy and excessive keratinization of epidermis. Taking into account the analogy of these processes the authors concluded that in balneotherapy of oral diseases radon water application with low content of radon 222 may be satisfactory and safe. (author)

Effects of two alfalfa preparations with different particle sizes on the gastric mucosa in weanlings: alfalfa chaff versus alfalfa pellets

OpenAIRE

Vondran, Sarah; Venner, Monica; Vervuert, Ingrid

2016-01-01

Background Feeding alfalfa hay is often recommended for its buffering components, like protein and calcium, to prevent lesions of the gastric mucosa in horses. Until now, there has been no information regarding the influence of alfalfa particle size on the gastric mucosa. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of feeding two alfalfa preparations with different particle sizes (alfalfa chaff vs alfalfa pellets) in comparison with grass hay on the gastric mucosa in weanling horses....

Ocorrência de fascioliasis humana no município de Volta Redonda, RJ, Brasil

OpenAIRE

Pile,E; Gazeta,G; Santos,JAA; Coelho,B; Serra-Freire,NM

2000-01-01

Através do resultado de exames coprológicos realizados em pacientes atendidos em postos de saúde e hospitais do município de Volta Redonda, assinala-se a primeira ocorrência da fascioliasis humana no Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Brasil.Through the result of coprologics exams, accomplished in patients assisted in Volta Redonda hospitals, the first occurrence of the human fascioliasis is marked in the State of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.

Brotes de rabia humana transmitida por vampiros en los municipios de Bajo y Alto Baudó, departamento del Chocó, Colombia 2004-2005

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Jessika Valderrama; Ingrid García; Germán Figueroa; Edilberto Rico; Juliana Sanabria; Nicolás Rocha; Edgar Parra; Cecilia Saad; Andrés Páez

2006-01-01

Introducción. Entre mayo y julio de 2004 ocurrió en la comunidad Embera de Birrinchao de cuenca del río Purricha, Bajo Baudó, Chocó un brote de rabia humana con 14 víctimas. En enero de 2005 otro brote similar ocurrió en las comunidades negras de Pató y Nauca, Alto Baudó, Chocó, con tres nuevas víctimas. Objetivos. Describir los brotes de rabia humana transmitida por vampiros de mayor magnitud hasta ahora reportados en Colombia. Describir las técnicas diagnósticas utilizadas y las acciones...

Razão, emoção e ação em cena: a mente humana sob um olhar evolucionista

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Angela Donato Oliva

Full Text Available O conhecimento científico da mente humana tem avançado desde a fundação da Psicologia. Aspectos biológicos e culturais, psicológicos e neurológicos, emocionais e racionais foram privilegiados separadamente em diferentes épocas e perspectivas - a visão de mente foi por vezes focalizada e por vezes relegada à caixa preta da ciência psicológica. Contemporaneamente, assiste-se a buscas de integração entre mente e comportamento humanos. A mente é vista como objeto da ciência e produto da seleção natural na evolução da espécie do Homo sapiens sapiens. Este trabalho visa apresentar uma breve história das principais transformações na concepção da mente, e de modelos evolucionistas de mente que contemplem a razão, a emoção e as ações humanas. Busca-se integrar e discutir as evidências das pesquisas de diversas disciplinas (Antropologia, Etologia, Primatologia, Psicologia, etc oferecendo uma compreensão evolucionista da mente humana, de sua filogênese e ontogênese. Comportamentos cooperativos e competitivos serão discutidos a partir dessas perspectivas.

CYTOKINE REGULATION OF ULCEROGENESIS IN GASTRODUODENAL MUCOSA

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L. V. Matveeva

2013-01-01

Full Text Available Ulcerogenesis in gastroduodenal mucosa area is a complex multistep process. Its, phases arecontrolled by interaction and activation of pro­ and antiinflammatory cytokine cascade. Present review article summarizes scientific data on impact of cytokines upon ulcerative and reparatory processes, a variety of their diagnostic and therapeutic options is defined. Evaluation of cytokine status, or, in some cases, cytokine genotyping in patients with stomach and duodenal ulcers, may predict clinical course of the disease, as well as efficiency of basic and eradication therapy, correction of the treatment.

Ethanol as an inducer of apoptotic process in cheek mucosae in rats

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Katarzyna Borowska

2017-11-01

Full Text Available Apoptosis is the process that plays a important role in development and tissue homeostasis. This physiological process is regulated by caspases. The caspases are specific cysteine proteases. The aim of this study was to prove how ethanol induces apoptotic process in cheek mucosae cells in rats. Fifteen male Wistar rats were used in the research. They were divided into two treated groups (group A and group Abis and control group. The biggest histological changes of cheek mucosae was observed in group with ethanol four weeks after last consumption. There is no indication of ability to regeneration in short time after treatment. The most marked was expression of caspase 8 in group A bis. In caspase 9 expression group A was more visible.

Neoadjuvant polychemotherapy in combined treatment for oral cavity mucosa carcinoma patients

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Protsyk, V.S.; Trembach, A.M.; Korobko, E.V.; Garbar, L.I.

2007-01-01

Neoadjuvant polychemotherapy and radiotherapy as a pre surgeon combined treatment was applied to 144 patients with cancer of oral cavity mucosa. That method of treatment permit to obtain maximum destroy of tumoral parenchyma and clinical effect to all patients. (authors)

Direito e reprodução humana assistida nas uniões homoafetivas

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José Márcio Carvalho da Silva

2014-10-01

Full Text Available A reprodução humana assistida em uniões homoafetivas é uma temática envolta em controvérsias na sociedade contemporânea, motico pelo qual o Poder Judiciário frequentemente é acionado no intuito de dirimir os conflitos existentes. Apesar da união de pessoas do mesmo sexo ser uma configuração familiar cada vez mais frequente no Brasil, o ordenamento brasileiro ainda é frágil em relação ao deslinde da questão. A inexistência de mecanismos legais específicos no país coloca o assunto em uma posição vulnerável a questionamentos éticos, morais, médicos, religiosos e sociais. Considerando este cenário de inegável transformação da estrutura familiar, o presente trabalho teve como objetivo principal analisar as repercussões jurídicas da reprodução humana assistida nas uniões homoafetivas. As considerações trazidas por este trabalho sinalizam que mesmo diante de alguns avanços, lacunas importantes necessitam ser preenchidas no âmbito do Direito. Algumas sentenças já foram favoráveis ao reconhecimento da paternidade e maternidade de casais homoafetivos cujos filhos foram gerados por meio de métodos de reprodução assistida, entretanto, as respostas aos dilemas que envolvem esse tipo de cinstituição familiar contemporânea ainda carecem de mecanismos legais mais concretos.

Estudio histológico, inmuno-histoquímico y de cultivo celular de mamas humana y canina normal y cancerosa

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Carine Fernandes B.

2012-08-01

Full Text Available Objetivo. Comparar las características morfológicas de células normales y cancerosas derivadas de glándulas mamarias de las especies humana y canina. Materiales y métodos. Fueron colectadas 10 muestras de parénquima mamario normal y 14 de parénquima tumoral de la especie canina, así como seis muestras de parénquima mamario normal y tres de parénquima tumoral de la especie humana. Para el cultivo de células fue utilizada la técnica de cultivo de células de mamíferos y para la histoquímica la técnica de la avidina- biotina- peroxidasa, con utilización del anticuerpo monoclonal 32-2B (anti-desmogléina-1. Resultados. A los estudios histológicos y morfológicos las células de la glándula mamaria normal humana demostraron semejanzas con las células de la glándula mamaria normal canina. Se observó adhesión y proliferación de células normales en ambas especies por aproximadamente tres meses de cultivo. Las células normales de las especies humana y canina mostraron baja actividad de proliferación cuando se compararon con las cancerosas de las especies en estudio. Los grupos de células epiteloides que se adhirieron al sustrato de los dos cultivos tuvieron dependencia de las células estromales, porque en la medida que las células fibroblastoides se retiraron, las células epiteloides detuvieron su crecimiento. Conclusiones. Comparando los resultados obtenidos por medio de análisis inmuno-histoquímico de células normales de mujeres y perras fue posible observar cambios en el patrón de coloración en células cancerosas en ambas especies, demostrando que las estructuras relacionadas con la adhesión celular (desmosomas pueden estar alteradas.

Leopard Skin-Like Colonic Mucosa: A Novel Endoscopic Finding of Chronic Granulomatous Disease-Associated Colitis.

Science.gov (United States)

Obayashi, Naho; Arai, Katsuhiro; Nakano, Natsuko; Mizukami, Tomoyuki; Kawai, Toshinao; Yamamoto, Shojiro; Shimizu, Hirotaka; Nunoi, Hiroyuki; Shimizu, Toshiaki; Tang, Julian; Onodera, Masafumi

2016-01-01

Chronic granulomatous disease (CGD) is a rare inherited disorder in which phagocytes are unable to eradicate pathogens because of a deficit of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidase. Among CGD patients, ∼ 30% to 50% develop severe gastrointestinal tract symptoms. Although characteristic histologic findings of CGD-associated colitis have been reported, information on endoscopic features remained vague. A total of 8 male patients with CGD (ages 2-23 years) from 2 Japanese institutions underwent colonoscopy for the evaluation of their fever, diarrhea, bloody stool, and abdominal pain. The endoscopic and histologic findings were retrospectively reviewed. The endoscopic findings of CGD-associated colitis appeared varied. Notably, brownish dots over a yellowish edematous mucosa were observed in 3 of the 8 patients. Prominent pigment-laden macrophages were noted histologically on the mucosa. Although nonspecific endoscopic findings of CGD-associated colitis have been reported before, our observation of brownish dots spread across a yellowish edematous mucosa, termed "leopard sign," could be a unique feature of this condition.

AS DIFERENÇAS ENTRE OS CONCEITOS DE MORAL NO UTILITARISMO DE BENTHAM E JOHN STUART MILL: A MORALIDADE COMO DERIVADA DAS RESPECTIVAS NOÇÕES DE NATUREZA HUMANA

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Maria Cristina Longo Cardoso Dias

2015-07-01

Full Text Available O objetivo desse artigo é compreender a diferença entre amoralidade dos sistemas filosóficos de Bentham e John Stuart Mill,bem como provar que há mais espaço para a elaboração de regrasmorais no utilitarismo de Mill, quando comparado ao utilitarismode Bentham. Contudo, para que se entenda como a moral nosistema de Bentham distingue-se da moral no sistema de Mill, énecessário ter uma clara noção da natureza humana dos indivíduosde ambos os autores e dos respectivos princípios de utilidade quederivam destas distintas noções de natureza humana, pois oconceito de moralidade de cada autor decorre das respectivas ideiasde natureza humana e do princípio de utilidade de tais autores.

The effects of Strongylus vulgaris parasitism on eosinophil distribution and accumulation in equine large intestinal mucosa.

Science.gov (United States)

Rötting, A K; Freeman, D E; Constable, P D; Moore, R M; Eurell, J C; Wallig, M A; Hubert, J D

2008-06-01

Eosinophilic granulocytes have been associated with parasite or immune-mediated diseases, but their functions in other disease processes remain unclear. Cause and timing of eosinophil migration into the equine gastrointestinal mucosa are also unknown. To determine the effects of intestinal parasitism on eosinophils in equine large intestinal mucosa. Large intestinal mucosal samples were collected from horses and ponies (n = 16) from the general veterinary hospital population, ponies (n = 3) raised in a parasite-free environment, ponies experimentally infected with 500 infective Strongylus vulgaris larvae and treated with a proprietary anthelmintic drug (n = 14), and a similar group of ponies (n = 7) that received no anthelmintic treatment. Total eosinophil counts and eosinophil distribution in the mucosa were determined by histological examination. A mixed model analysis was performed and appropriate Bonferroni adjusted P values used for each family of comparisons. Pvulgaris and those raised in a parasite-free environment. Experimental infection with S. vulgaris, with or without subsequent anthelmintic treatment, did not change eosinophil counts, and counts were similar to those for horses from the general population. Migration of eosinophils to the equine large intestinal mucosa appears to be independent of exposure to parasites. Large intestinal mucosal eosinophils may have more functions in addition to their role in defence against parasites.

Effects of intranasal corticosteroids on radiated nasal mucosa of guinea pig

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Zhu Xinhua; Liu Yuehui

2009-01-01

Objective: To investigate a mechanism protected radiation-induce injure for radiated guinea pigs'nasal mucosa treated with intranasal corticosteroids(fluticasone nasal cavity spray). Methods: 50 health guinea pigs were divided into 2 groups randomly: the irradiated group (control group) with 25 guinea pigs and the administration group after irradiation (test group)with 25 guinea pigs. The nasal part of all guinea pigs were performed irradiation by the 6 MV X-ray with single 5 Gy, one time each week for three weeks. The guinea pigs of test group received intranasal corticosteroids with one time every day and one spray each side nasal cavity on the second day after three weeks irradiation. Five guinea pigs in each group were sacrificed randomly at 1 week, 1 month, 2 months, 3 months and 4 months after irradiation, and the histopathologic changes were observed under optical microscope and electron microscope. At the same time, blood were drawn from the heart and the concentration of IL-1, IL-6 and TNF-α in serum were measured by ELISA. Results: The early nasal mucosa inflammatory reaction of the test group was less than the control group. The coverage rate of cilia of the test group was much than that of the control group (72.9% vs 50.2%) at four months after irradiation. The atrophy of submucosal glandular organ was lessened and they displayed some extent secretory function. The concentration of IL-1 in serum was increased very much in the test group compared with the control group after irradiation and kept higher level in the first two months. After two months, it began to decrease; on four months, it still kept equivalency level with the control group. The concentration of IL-6 and TNF-α in serum were reduced all the while. Conclusions: The intranasal corticosteroids with fluticasone nasal cavity spray can reduce radiation- induced injury of guinea pigs' nasal mucosa. The concentration change of IL-1, IL-6 and TNF-α in serum may be one of mechanism protected

Ocular adnexal mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma treated with radiotherapy

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Ejima, Yasuo; Sasaki, Ryohei; Okamoto, Yoshiaki; Maruta, Tsutomu; Azumi, Atsushi; Hayashi, Yoshitake; Demizu, Yusuke; Ota, Yosuke; Soejima, Toshinori; Sugimura, Kazuro

2006-01-01

Forty-two patients with stage IE ocular adnexal mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) lymphoma were retrospectively analyzed. Five-year local control and progression-free survival rates were 100 and 77%, respectively. The most common relapsed site was the contralateral orbit. Thirty Gy of local irradiation seemed to be quite effective and safe

Taste buds in the palatal mucosa of snakes | Berkhoudt | African ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

An examination of the oral mucosa of Crotalus and several Scolecophidia revealed the presence of taste buds. The taste buds in these two divergent groups of snakes are similar in appearance, and correspond to previous descriptions of gustatory organs in other reptiles. Few taste buds were present in any specimen, and ...

La reproducción humana asistida en el contexto de los derechos humanos

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Maria Olga Sánchez Martínez

2013-12-01

Full Text Available Al abordar la legislación sobre Reproducción Humana Asistida, el legislador realiza una labor de mediación entre distintos derechos y principios que, en su pretensión de justicia, no está exenta de controversia. Tal labor no se realiza desde un punto de vista neutral, se han de tener en cuenta distintas opciones éticas e ideológicas propias de una sociedad democrática, sin abandonar la coherencia con el desarrollo de los distintos derechos humanos en juego, en definitiva, esa ética pública que configura los sistemas culturales, sociales y políticos: el derecho a la vida, a la dignidad, al libre desarrollo de la personalidad, a fundar una familia, a la intimidad personal y familiar, a la identidad, a la maternidad, a la salud, a la producción y creación científica y a gozar de los beneficios del progreso científico. Algunas Sentencias del Tribunal Europeo de Derechos Humanos y de la Corte Interamericana de Derechos Humanos inciden en estos derechos al tratar las Reproducción Humana Asistida, lo cual permite, más allá de las legislaciones concretas, esbozar algunos consensos sobre unas técnicas en constante evolución, como las sociedades en las que tales técnicas se ponen a disposición de sus ciudadanos.

Methadone as an inducer of apoptotic process in cheek mucosae cells in rats

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Małgorzata Stępień

2017-11-01

Full Text Available Methadone is an opioid medication which can reduce withdrawal symptoms in people addicted to heroin and other drugs. Methadone is used also as a pain reliever and as part of drug addiction detoxification program. Apoptosis is the physiological process that plays a critical role in development and tissue homeostasis. The progress of apoptosis is regulated by signal cascades. The aim of this study was to asses how methadone induces apoptotic process in cheek mucosae cells in rats. Forty albino rats wares divided into two parts and five subgroups each. The biggest histological changes of cheek mucosae was observed in the groups with methadone. There is no indication of ability to regeneration in short time after treatment.

Gene expression profiling of gastric mucosa in mice lacking CCK and gastrin receptors

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Zhao, Chun-Mei; Kodama, Yosuke; Flatberg, Arnar

2014-01-01

normalized, which was associated with an up-regulated pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide (PACAP) type 1 receptor (PAC1). The basal part of the gastric mucosa expressed parathyroid hormone-like hormone (PTHLH) in a subpopulation of likely ECL cells (and possibly other cells) and vitamin D3 1α...... suggest a possible link between gastric PTHLH and vitamin D and bone metabolism.......The stomach produces acid, which may play an important role in the regulation of bone homeostasis. The aim of this study was to reveal signaling pathways in the gastric mucosa that involve the acid secretion and possibly the bone metabolism in CCK1 and/or CCK2 receptor knockout (KO) mice. Gastric...

Associação de variáveis ambientais à ocorrência de leptospirose canina e humana na cidade de São Paulo

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R.I. Cipullo

2012-04-01

Full Text Available Foi realizada uma análise espacial da ocorrência de leptospirose humana e canina na Supervisão de Vigilância em Saúde do Butantã, situada no município de São Paulo, no ano de 2007, associada a variáveis ambientais de risco, tais como: focos de enchente e áreas de desratização. Foram encontrados aglomerados espaciais de pontos de alagamentos em 12 setores censitários e de casos de leptospirose humana em quatro setores censitários, sem correlação entre ambos. Não foram encontrados agrupamentos de casos em cães, possivelmente devido à subnotificação. As proporções casos humanos de leptospirose : população humana dentro e fora da área de desratização foram 7:199.600 e 9:257.980, respectivamente. Conclui-se que medidas de controle de roedores como a desratização foram responsáveis pela minimização dos efeitos dos fatores de risco para a transmissão de leptospirose para humanos.

In vitro permeation through porcine buccal mucosa of Salvia desoleana Atzei & Picci essential oil from topical formulations.

Science.gov (United States)

Ceschel, G C; Maffei, P; Moretti, M D; Demontis, S; Peana, A T

2000-02-15

In the light of recent studies, which have shown that the essential oil derived from some Lamiaceae species has appreciable anti-inflammatory activity, moderate anti-microbial action and the ability to inhibit induced hyperalgesia, an assessment of the diffusion and permeation of Salvia desoleana Atzei & Picci (S. desoleana) essential oil through porcine buccal mucosa was considered useful for a possible application in the stomatological field. Topical formulations (microemulsions, hydrogels and microemulsion-hydrogels) were prepared for application to the buccal mucosa. The mucosa permeation of the oil from the formulations was evaluated using Franz cells, with porcine buccal mucosa as septum between the formulations (donor compartment) and the receptor phase chambers. The study also aimed at optimising the permeability of the S. desoleana essential oil by means of an enhancer, the diethylene glycol monoethyl ether Transcutol. The diffusion of the oil through the membrane was determined by evaluating the amount of essential oil components present in the receiving solution, the flux and the permeation coefficient (at the steady state) in the different formulations at set intervals. Qualitative and quantitative determinations were done by gas chromatographic analysis. All the formulations allow a high permeability coefficient in comparison with the pure essential oil. In particular, the components with a terpenic structure (beta-pinene, cineole, alpha-terpineol and linalool) have the highest capacity to pass through the porcine buccal mucosa when compared to the other components (linalyl acetate and alpha-terpinil acetate). Moreover, the enhancer, diethylene glycol monoethyl ether largely increases the permeation of the essential oil components in relation to the concentration.

Leptospira spp. y leptospirosis humana

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Claudia M. Romero-Vivas

2016-01-01

Full Text Available La leptospirosis, la enfermedad bacteriana zoonótica y emergente más importante en el mundo, es causada por las especies patógenas de Leptospira spp. Han sido descritas veinte especies de Leptospira spp.; se ha determinado la secuencia del ADN genómico de algunas cepas patógenas; la función de la mayoría de los genes involucrados en su patogénesis permanece desconocida. La leptospirosis humana presenta un rango de síntomas que van desde una fiebre indiferenciada hasta una ictericia, hemorragia, fallas renales y pulmonares severas. La administración temprana e intravenosa de penicilina G es requerida para reducir las tasas de mortalidad, pero los antibióticos pueden no ser efectivos en la enfermedad pulmonar severa. En las Américas, las áreas de alto riesgo son Brasil, Centroamérica y el Caribe. En Colombia se han realizado pocos estudios. La prueba serológica de oro, la microaglutinación, tiene alta sesibilidad y especificidad cuando se usan baterías de serovariedades locales, pero es serogrupo específica. Las vacunas generan respuestas específicas para la serovariedad usada, pero no previenen la infección o trasmisión. Problemas en el diagnóstico de laboratorio de la leptospirosis conllevan a un subregistro en el número de casos; altas tasas de mortalidad asociadas a fallas renal y pulmonar son resultado de las dificultades en el manejo de los casos.

Evaluation of tissue engineered models of the oral mucosa to investigate oral candidiasis.

Science.gov (United States)

Yadev, Nishant P; Murdoch, Craig; Saville, Stephen P; Thornhill, Martin H

2011-06-01

Candida albicans is a commensal organism that can be isolated from the majority of healthy individuals. However, in certain susceptible individuals C. albicans can become pathogenic leading to the mucocutaneous infection; oral candidiasis. Murine models and in vitro monolayer cultures have generated some data on the likely virulence and host factors that contribute to oral candidiasis but these models have limitations. Recently, tissue engineered oral mucosal models have been developed to mimic the normal oral mucosa but little information is available on their true representation. In this study, we assessed the histological features of three different tissue engineered oral mucosal models compared to the normal oral mucosa and analysed both cell damage and cytokine release following infection with C. albicans. Models comprised of normal oral keratinocytes and a fibroblast-containing matrix displayed more similar immunohistological and proliferation characteristics to normal mucosa, compared to models composed of an oral carcinoma cell line. Although all models were invaded and damaged by C. albicans in a similar manner, the cytokine response was much more pronounced in models containing normal keratinocytes. These data suggest that models based on normal keratinocytes atop a fibroblast-containing connective tissue will significantly aid in dissecting the molecular pathogenesis of oral candidiasis. Copyright © 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Bone marrow transplantation rescues intestinal mucosa after whole body radiation via paracrine mechanisms

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Chang, Ya Hui; Lin, Li-Mei; Lou, Chi-Wen; Chou, Chuan-Kai; Ch’ang, Hui-Ju

2012-01-01

Purpose: Our previous study reveals bone marrow transplantation (BMT) recruits host marrow-derived myelomonocytic cells to radiation-injured intestine, enhancing stromal proliferation, leading secondarily to epithelial regeneration. In this study, we propose BMT ameliorates intestinal damage via paracrine mechanisms. Materials and methods: Angiogenic cytokines within the intestinal mucosa of mice after whole body irradiation (WBI) with or without BMT were measured by cytokine array and ELISA. BM conditioned medium (BMCM) with or without treatment with neutralizing antibodies to angiogenic cytokines were continuously infused into mice for three days after radiation. Carrageenan was used to deplete myelomonocytic cells of mice. Results: BMT increased VEGF, bFGF and other angiogenic and chemotactic cytokines in the intestinal mucosa within 24 h after WBI. Infusion of BMCM ameliorated radiation-induced intestinal damage with improved stromal activity and prolonged survival of mice. Neutralization of bFGF, PDGF and other angiogenic cytokines within BMCM abolished the mitigating effect to the intestine. Pretreatment of carrageenan to recipient mice reversed some of the cytokine levels, including VEGF, bFGF and IGF within the intestinal mucosa after BMT. Conclusions: Our result suggests BMT recruits host myelomonocytic cells and enhances intestinal stroma proliferation after radiation by secreting cytokines enhancing angiogenesis and chemotaxis. Host myelomonocytic cells further uplift the paracrine effect to enhance intestinal mucosal recovery.

Remodelamento da derme humana apos aplicação de salicilato de silanol

OpenAIRE

Fernanda Oliveira Camargo Herreros

2007-01-01

Resumo: A intradermoterapia é um processo terapêutico com poucas publicações científicas em revistas indexadas. Em 2005, um estudo duplo-cego randomizado demonstrou os benefícios proporcionados para a pele, cabelos e unhas de mulheres com fotoenvelhecimento pelo consumo de um suplemento oral de silanol. Frente a esses dados, realizou-se um estudo com o objetivo de comparar as alterações histológicas entre a pele humana que recebeu injeção intradérmica de silanol e as encontradas na pele em qu...

Reflexiones sobre la guerra y sus implicaciones en la salud humana

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. Luis Angel Pérez Flerima

2017-11-01

Full Text Available El presente trabajo está dirigido a la reflexión de un fenómeno complejo y dramático para la vida de millones de seres humanos en el mundo como es la guerra, que con el avance científico- tecnológico ha hecho más terrible su impacto con la correspondiente secuela para la humanidad. Este artículo expresa sucintamente los orígenes de la guerra, el papel que los Estados Unidos desempeñan en los diferentes conflictos regionales como principal potencia imperialista. Por ello se valora el fenómeno de la guerra y sus implicaciones en la salud humana.

Histomorphology of the Olfactory Mucosa and Spinal Tissue Sparing Following Transplantation in the Partial Spinal Cord Injury in Rats

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H Delaviz

2011-01-01

Full Text Available Introduction & Objective: Nowadays, cellular and tissues transplant has become the focus of attention for spinal cord injury. It has been shown olfactory nerve cells or olfactory mucosa whi have more efficient on nervous tissue repair and they have been more studied in experimental study. Furthermore, they were used in a few clinical centers for spinal defect. But mucosa tissue and spinal tissue have different structure and there is doubt about the integration of mucosa tissue in nervous tissue. Thus, in this research the morphology and the effect of the fetal olfactory mucosa (FOM on spinal tissue sparing were studied after transplanted into the spinal cord hemisection in rats. Materials & Methods: This experimental study was conducted at Iran University of Medical Sciences in 2008. Of thirty eight female Sprague-Dawley (200-250g rats twenty- eight were spinally hemisected at the L1 spinal level and were randomized into two groups of 14 animals. Treatment group received FOM graft and the control group received fetal respiratory mucosa graft (FRM. The other animals received surgical procedure without spinal cord injury as a sham group. The morphology of the transplant region and spinal tissue sparing was examined histological eight weeks after transplantation. The collected data was analyzed by the SPSS software using ANOVA and the morphology of the transplant region were studied by light microscope. Results: Histological study showed that the both mucosa tissues could not integrate with the parenchyma of the spinal tissue. Although the FOM were fused more than the FRM with the host tissue but clear boundary was seen at the graft–host interface. The mean spinal tissue sparing of the treatment group increased a little compare to the control but a significant difference was not apparent whereas, the spinal tissue sparing in treatment and control groups compare to the sham group decreased significantly (P < 0.05. Conclusion: Transplantation of

LA CONDICIÓN HUMANA, ESENCIA EN LA FORMACIÓN DE PROFESIONALES DE ENFERMERÍA

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Luz Divia Mejía Reales

2015-06-01

Full Text Available Se develó el significado que docentes y estudiantes le dan a la condici6n humana como esencia en la formación de futuros profesionales de Enfermería. Se realizó un estudio cualitativo, interpretativo y fenomenológico. La muestra fue intencional o selectiva y, para el análisis e interpretación de los datos se utilizó la matriz des- criptiva. En la institución objeto de estudio, se evidenció un proceso curricular que condiciona el quehacer docente al logro de objetivos e influye en las caracteristicas actitudinales de estudiantes y docentes, así como la ausencia del valor de la condi- ción humana en el acto pedagógico del programa de Enfermería estudiado. AbstractA qualitative, interpretive, and phenomenology study was conducted making possi- ble to reveal the significance of human condition as the essence in Nursing profes- sionals training given by teachers and students. The sample was intentional or se- lective and a descriptive matrix was used for the analysis and interpretation of data. The institution taken as object of study, showed a curriculum process that conditions the teaching work to achieve goals and to influence students and teachers attitudinal characteristics, in like manner, the absence of human value in the pedagogical act in Nursing program.

La seguridad humana como objetivo de la gestión de crisis en la Unión Europea

OpenAIRE

Enríquez González, Carlos F.

2015-01-01

El presente trabajo de fin de máster trata el papel de las personas y sus necesidades básicas en el origen de los conflictos, que siempre encierran un importante déficit de Seguridad Humana. Tras definir este concepto y valorar poder y limitaciones leg

Identificando señales de evolución no estocástica en la morfología craneofacial de poblaciones humanas modernas

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Azevedo, Soledad de

2012-01-01

Full Text Available Las poblaciones humanas varían significativamente en su morfología craneana. Aún se debate hasta dónde ésta variabilidad se ha acumulado a través de procesos neutrales (e.g. deriva genética o bien por efecto de la selección natural. Entender los procesos evolutivos que dieron origen a esta variación es una de las metas de la biología humana en particular y de la biología evolutiva en general. Para analizar la relación entre los patrones de cambio y variación morfológica observados y los esperados bajo un escenario de evolución neutral, aplicamos un modelo genético cuantitativo sobre una muestra muy amplia de poblaciones que abarcan el continente Americano, Asia y Oceanía. La morfología craneofacial se estudió a partir de medidas lineales correspondientes al método craneofuncional, en donde treinta variables métricas describen los distintos componentes funcionales observables en el cráneo. Los resultados indican que los procesos aleatorios, tales como la deriva genética, no son suficientes para explicar la variación morfológica del cráneo en las poblaciones humanas modernas.

A formação humana e a incapacidade de pensar: considerações sobre o problema do mal em Hannah Arendt

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Marcos Alexandre Alves

2017-08-01

Full Text Available Este artigo pretende apresentar o tema da formação humana conectado à incapacidade de pensar, tecendo considerações sobre o problema do mal no pensamento de Hannah Arendt. A autora é conhecida como pensadora da política que concentrou atenção especial ao problema do mal que assolou o mundo na primeira metade do século XX. A partir da análise de Origens do Totalitarismo, de 1951, e de Eichmann em Jerusalém: um relato sobre a banalidade do mal, de 1963, pretende-se refletir acerca dos mecanismos que produzem o adormecimento da capacidade de pensar frente à necessidade da formação humana. A partir dessa análise, se perceberá que o problema do mal assume um viés radical, uma possibilidade de destruição completa do humano. Na análise do caso Eichmann, Arendt percebeu que o réu agia banalmente, manifestando sua incapacidade de pensar, o que tornou possível a normalização da insensibilidade frente o diferente. Portanto, a banalidade do mal implica na incapacidade de pensar, uma ameaça sempre constante à formação humana

Oral mucosa: an alternative epidermic cell source to develop autologous dermal-epidermal substitutes from diabetic subjects

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Daniela GUZMÁN-URIBE

Full Text Available Abstract Oral mucosa has been highlighted as a suitable source of epidermal cells due to its intrinsic characteristics such as its higher proliferation rate and its obtainability. Diabetic ulcers have a worldwide prevalence that is variable (1%-11%, meanwhile treatment of this has been proven ineffective. Tissue-engineered skin plays an important role in wound care focusing on strategies such autologous dermal-epidermal substitutes. Objective The aim of this study was to obtain autologous dermal-epidermal skin substitutes from oral mucosa from diabetic subjects as a first step towards a possible clinical application for cases of diabetic foot. Material and Methods Oral mucosa was obtained from diabetic and healthy subjects (n=20 per group. Epidermal cells were isolated and cultured using autologous fibrin to develop dermal-epidermal in vitro substitutes by the air-liquid technique with autologous human serum as a supplement media. Substitutes were immunocharacterized with collagen IV and cytokeratin 5-14 as specific markers. A Student´s t- test was performed to assess the differences between both groups. Results It was possible to isolate epidermal cells from the oral mucosa of diabetic and healthy subjects and develop autologous dermal-epidermal skin substitutes using autologous serum as a supplement. Differences in the expression of specific markers were observed and the cytokeratin 5-14 expression was lower in the diabetic substitutes, and the collagen IV expression was higher in the diabetic substitutes when compared with the healthy group, showing a significant difference. Conclusion Cells from oral mucosa could be an alternative and less invasive source for skin substitutes and wound healing. A difference in collagen production of diabetic cells suggests diabetic substitutes could improve diabetic wound healing. More research is needed to determine the crosstalk between components of these skin substitutes and damaged tissues.

The relationship of Candida colonization of the oral and vaginal mucosae of mothers and oral mucosae of their newborns at birth.

Science.gov (United States)

Al-Rusan, Rund M; Darwazeh, Azmi M G; Lataifeh, Isam M

2017-04-01

Vaginal Candida colonization is common during pregnancy. Vaginal Candida may transmit vertically to the mouth of newborns during labor. The aim of this study was to assess and compare oral Candida colonization between vaginally born newborns and cesarean-born newborns and to investigate the association of the mother's vaginal and oral Candida colonization and the newborn's oral colonization at the time of delivery. Culture swabs were collected from the oral and vaginal mucosae of 100 pregnant women and from the oral mucosa of their 100 full-term newborns. Fifty (50%) of the mothers gave birth vaginally and the other 50 (50%) by cesarean section. The prevalence of oral and vaginal Candida in pregnant mothers was 49% and 40%, respectively. Oral Candida colonization in newborns was 7%. Oral Candida was isolated from 5 of 50 (10%) in the vaginally born group and from 2 of 50 (4%) in the cesarean-born group (P = .44). In vaginally born group, oral Candida was isolated from 5 of 20 (25%) in those born to mothers with vaginal colonization of Candida, and 0 of 30 (0.0%) in mothers without vaginal colonization of Candida (P = .007). The mother's vaginal Candida may constitute an important source of oral Candida in the newborns, particularly in those delivered vaginally. Copyright © 2017 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Réplicas y perfección humana: «Los niños del Brasil» y «GATTACA»

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Gemma RODRÍGUEZ

2016-04-01

Full Text Available La posibilidad de la clonación humana se ha convertido en una preocupación social tras la aparición de la oveja Dolly en 1997. Los avances de la genética molecular y de las técnicas de reproducción en los últimos treinta años han planteado una situación que parecía muy lejana tras la clonación de ranas en 1952. La visión cinematográfica de la clonación humana ha oscilado desde el terror de La invasión de los ladrones de cuerpos (1956 a la comicidad de El dormilón (1973. En los últimos años diversas películas, utilizando una aproximación científica más creíble, han analizado negativamente lo que ocurriría si fuera posible. Como para gran parte de la población la única información sobre temas científicos proviene de los medios de comunicación y las películas comerciales, tiene interés su análisis y el de su contexto histórico-científico para valorar el conocimiento de tales temas. Para ilustrarlo se ha escogido Los niños del Brasil (1978 y GATTACA (1997. Ambas películas permiten la exposición de las posibles consecuencias de la clonación humana en un caso particular o como un instrumento socialmente aceptado. Asimismo, plantean el elemento crítico de si la identidad del individuo es consecuencia de un determinismo biológico, social o ambos

ALIMENTAÇÃO DE CRIANÇAS NASCIDAS EXPOSTAS AO VÍRUS DA IMUNODEFICIÊNCIA HUMANA

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Julyana Gomes Freitas

2014-01-01

Full Text Available El objetivo fue caracterizar aspectos de la alimentación de niños nacidos expuestos al Virus de Inmunodeficiencia Humana. Estudio transversal realizado en un hospital de referencia para enfermedades infecciosas en Fortaleza-Ceará, entre enero y junio de 2010. La muestra fue de 62 madres que proporcionaron información sobre 64 niños nacidos expuestos al virus. En la consulta de enfermería fue utilizada la Escala de Evaluación de Capacidad del Cuidar de Niños Expuestos al Virus de Inmunodeficiencia Humana, y un formulario de caracterización sociodemográfica y alimentaria. Se encontró que 57,8% de los niños tenían ingesta inadecuada de leche, 55,0% tenía alimentación complementaria inadecuada, 87,0% de las madres tenía alta capacidad de suministro de leche en polvo, y en relación con la alimentación complementaria, la capacidad varió de moderado (45,7% a alta (48,5%. Fueron identificados 13 diagnósticos de enfermería que mostraron problemas de alimentación y déficit de atención que requieren intervenciones de enfermería apropiadas para el contexto social de cada paciente.

Tatuagem extensa por amálgama em mucosa gêngivo-alveolar Extensive amalgam tattoo on the alveolar-gingival mucosa

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Vivian C Galletta

2011-10-01

Full Text Available Tatuagens por amálgama são lesões pigmentadas, exógenas, de frequente ocorrência na mucosa bucal, que resultam da introdução acidental de partículas de amálgama nos tecidos moles. O diagnóstico da tatuagem por amálgama é simples, geralmente, baseado em achados clínicos, complementado pela história recente ou pregressa de remoção de restauração por amálgama. Radiografias intraorais podem ser úteis na detecção de radiopacidade, associadas à partícula de amálgama. Nos casos em que as tatuagens por amálgama não permitem diferenciação de outras lesões melanocíticas, o exame histopatológico deve ser realizado. Os autores relatam à ocorrência de lesão extensa por tatuagem de amálgama com confirmação histopatológica.Amalgam tattoos are common exogenous pigmented lesions of the oral mucosa occurring mainly by inadvertent placement of amalgam particles into soft tissues. The diagnosis of amalgam tattoo is simple, usually based on clinical findings associated with presence or history of amalgam fillings removal. Intraoral X-rays may be helpful in detecting amalgam-related radiopacity. In cases where amalgam tattoo cannot be differentiated from other causes of oral pigmentation, a biopsy should be performed. This article deals with an extensive amalgam tattoo lesion which required a biopsy for a definitive diagnosis.

Mlh1 deficiency in normal mouse colon mucosa associates with chromosomally unstable colon cancer

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Pussila, Marjaana; Törönen, Petri; Einarsdottir, Elisabet; Katayama, Shintaro; Krjutškov, Kaarel; Holm, Liisa; Kere, Juha; Peltomäki, Päivi; Mäkinen, Markus J; Linden, Jere; Nyström, Minna

2018-01-01

Abstract Colorectal cancer (CRC) genome is unstable and different types of instabilities, such as chromosomal instability (CIN) and microsatellite instability (MSI) are thought to reflect distinct cancer initiating mechanisms. Although 85% of sporadic CRC reveal CIN, 15% reveal mismatch repair (MMR) malfunction and MSI, the hallmarks of Lynch syndrome with inherited heterozygous germline mutations in MMR genes. Our study was designed to comprehensively follow genome-wide expression changes and their implications during colon tumorigenesis. We conducted a long-term feeding experiment in the mouse to address expression changes arising in histologically normal colonic mucosa as putative cancer preceding events, and the effect of inherited predisposition (Mlh1+/−) and Western-style diet (WD) on those. During the 21-month experiment, carcinomas developed mainly in WD-fed mice and were evenly distributed between genotypes. Unexpectedly, the heterozygote (B6.129-Mlh1tm1Rak) mice did not show MSI in their CRCs. Instead, both wildtype and heterozygote CRC mice showed a distinct mRNA expression profile and shortage of several chromosomal segregation gene-specific transcripts (Mlh1, Bub1, Mis18a, Tpx2, Rad9a, Pms2, Cenpe, Ncapd3, Odf2 and Dclre1b) in their colon mucosa, as well as an increased mitotic activity and abundant numbers of unbalanced/atypical mitoses in tumours. Our genome-wide expression profiling experiment demonstrates that cancer preceding changes are already seen in histologically normal colon mucosa and that decreased expressions of Mlh1 and other chromosomal segregation genes may form a field-defect in mucosa, which trigger MMR-proficient, chromosomally unstable CRC. PMID:29701748

Structural alterations of the mucosa stroma in the Barrett's esophagus metaplasia-dysplasia-adenocarcinoma sequence.

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Bobryshev, Yuri V; Killingsworth, Murray C; Lord, Reginald V N

2012-09-01

Accumulating evidence suggests that the extracellular matrix play important roles in intercellular communications and contribute to the development of a number of diseases, including diseases of the gastrointestinal tract. The present study examined the structural characteristics and alterations of the extracellular matrix of the mucosa stroma in the Barrett's esophagus metaplasia-dysplasia-adenocarcinoma sequence. A total of 41 esophageal tissue specimens (15 esophageal adenocarcinoma, 10 Barrett's esophagus intestinal metaplasia, seven dysplasia and nine normal esophagus) were studied. The present study used transmission electron microscopy and computerized quantitative electron-microscopic analysis in order to investigate the characteristics of the extracellular matrix of the mucosa. The study revealed that marked structural alterations of the mucosa stroma, relating to changes in the distribution and appearance of collagen fibers as well as to changes in numbers of matrix microvesicles, occur in Barrett's esophagus and esophageal adenocarcinoma. It was found that there were 3.1 times more microvesicles in the stroma in Barrett's esophagus than in the stroma of the normal esophagus (P<0.0001) and that there were 5.8 times more microvesicles in esophageal adenocarcinoma than in the normal esophagus (P<0.0001). There were 1.9 times more microvesicles in esophageal adenocarcinoma than in Barrett's esophagus (P=0.0043). The study demonstrates distinctive alterations of the mucosa stroma extracellular matrix in the metaplasia-dysplasia-adenocarcinoma sequence. The findings suggest that the redistribution of collagen fibers and increases in numbers of matrix microvesicles may play roles in the formation of specialized intestinal metaplasia and the development of adenocarcinoma. © 2012 Journal of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Foundation and Blackwell Publishing Asia Pty Ltd.

The overmethylated genes in Helicobacter pylori-infected gastric mucosa are demethylated in gastric cancers

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Choi Sang-Wook

2010-11-01

Full Text Available Abstract Background The transitional-CpG sites between weakly methylated genes and densely methylated retroelements are overmethylated in the gastric mucosa infected with Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori and they are undermethylated in the gastric cancers depending on the level of loss of heterozygosity (LOH events. This study delineated the transitional-CpG methylation patterns of CpG-island-containing and -lacking genes in view of the retroelements. Methods The transitional-CpG sites of eight CpG-island-containing genes and six CpG-island-lacking genes were semi-quantitatively examined by performing radioisotope-labelling methylation-specific PCR under stringent conditions. The level of LOH in the gastric cancers was estimated using the 40 microsatellite markers on eight cancer-associated chromosomes. Each gene was scored as overmethylated or undermethylated based on an intermediate level of transitional-CpG methylation common in the H. pylori-negative gastric mucosa. Results The eight CpG-island genes examined were overmethylated depending on the proximity to the nearest retroelement in the H. pylori-positive gastric mucosa. The six CpG-island-lacking genes were similarly methylated in the H. pylori-positive and -negative gastric mucosa. In the gastric cancers, long transitional-CpG segments of the CpG-island genes distant from the retroelements remained overmethylated, whereas the overmethylation of short transitional-CpG segments close to the retroelements was not significant. Both the CpG-island-containing and -lacking genes tended to be decreasingly methylated in a LOH-level-dependent manner. Conclusions The overmethylated genes under the influence of retroelement methylation in the H. pylori-infected stomach are demethylated in the gastric cancers influenced by LOH.

Paraneoplastic disorders of hair, nails, oral mucosa and pigmentation

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Ayşe Kavak

2013-12-01

Full Text Available In this section, paraneoplastic entites of hair, nail, oral mucosa and pigmentation changes have been discussed. Some skin findings are “strong” indicator of a malignancy whereas others are not. Readers will encounter some “coincidental” or “common” entities as well as more “severe” changes for a paraneoplastic sign. In addition, it is crucial that some paraneoplastic lesions may predict for a recurrence of malignancy.

Preservation of keratinized mucosa around implants using a prefabricated implant-retained stent: a case-control study

Science.gov (United States)

2016-01-01

Purpose The aim of this study was to clinically assess the impact of a prefabricated implant-retained stent clipped over healing abutments on the preservation of keratinized mucosa around implants after implant surgery, and to compare it with horizontal external mattress sutures. Methods A total of 50 patients were enrolled in this study. In the test group, a prefabricated implant-retained stent was clipped on the healing abutment after implant surgery to replace the keratinized tissue bucco-apically. In the control group, horizontal external mattress sutures were applied instead of using a stent. After the surgical procedure, the width of the buccal keratinized mucosa was measured at the mesial, middle, and distal aspects of the healing abutment. The change in the width of the buccal keratinized mucosa was assessed at 1 and 3 months. Results Healing was uneventful in both groups. The difference of width between baseline and 1 month was −0.26±0.85 mm in the test group, without any statistical significance (P=0.137). Meanwhile, the corresponding difference in the control group was −0.74±0.73 mm and it showed statistical significance (Pprefabricated implant-retained stent was shown to be effective in the preservation of the keratinized mucosa around implants and it was simple and straightforward in comparison to the horizontal external mattress suture technique. PMID:27800215

Heterotopic gastric mucosa associated with abdominal abscess formation, hypotension, and acute abdominal pain in a puppy.

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Tobleman, Bridget N; Sinnott, Virginia B

2014-01-01

To describe the presence of heterotopic gastric mucosa forming an abscess associated with acute abdominal pain and shock in a puppy. A 7-month-old male intact Shih-Tzu was presented to the emergency service for evaluation of a 12-hour history of vomiting and lethargy progressing to weakness. On presentation, the puppy was obtunded and hypotensive. Radiographs revealed an ill-defined mid-ventral abdominal mass. Ultrasound revealed an echogenic, fluid-filled mass associated with the jejunum. The puppy had an exploratory celiotomy and a 2 × 4 cm oval fluid-filled soft tissue mass was found to be intimately associated, but not communicating with, a section of the mid-jejunum. The mass and associated jejunum were removed via enterectomy. Histopathology of the resected mass revealed heterotopic gastric mucosa; bacterial culture of the fluid contained in the mass revealed heavy growth of Escherichia coli. The puppy recovered from surgery, was discharged from the hospital, and has had no further complications from this episode. Heterotopic gastric mucosa is commonly found incidentally on necropsy. When it has been associated with acute gastrointestinal signs, mechanical intestinal obstruction with or without perforation was noted. To the authors' knowledge, this is the first reported case of heterotopic gastric mucosa leading to abscess formation and acute abdominal pain in the dog. © Veterinary Emergency and Critical Care Society 2014.

The production of the oral mucosa of antiendomysial and anti-tissue-transglutaminase antibodies in patients with celiac disease: a review.

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Compilato, Domenico; Campisi, Giuseppina; Pastore, Luca; Carroccio, Antonio

2010-12-14

Celiac disease (CD) is a lifelong, T cell-mediated enteropathy, triggered by the ingestion of gluten and related prolamins in genetically susceptible subjects, resulting in minor intestinal mucosal injury, including villous atrophy with crypt hyperplasia and intraepithelial lymphocytosis, and subsequent nutrient malabsorption. Although serological tests for antiendomysial (EMA) and anti-tissue transglutaminase (anti-tTG) autoantibodies are used to screen and follow up on patients with CD, diagnostic confirmation is still based on the histological examination of the small intestinal mucosa. Although the small intestinal mucosa is the main site of the gut involved in CD, other mucosal surfaces (such as gastric, rectal, ileal, and esophageal) belonging to the gastrointestinal tract and the gut-associated lymphoid tissue (GALT) can also be involved. A site that could be studied less invasively is the mouth, as it is the first part of the gastrointestinal system and a part of the GALT. Indeed, not only have various oral ailments been reported as possible atypical aspects of CD, but it has been also demonstrated that inflammatory changes occur after oral supramucosal application and a submucosal injection of gliadin into the oral mucosa of CD patients. However, to date, only two studies have assessed the capacity of the oral mucosa of untreated CD patients to EMA and anti-tTG antibodies. In this paper, we will review studies that evaluate the capacity of the oral mucosa to produce specific CD autoantibodies. Discrepancies in sensitivity from the two studies have revealed that biopsy is still not an adequate procedure for the routine diagnostic purposes of CD patients, and a more in-depth evaluation on a larger sample size with standardized collection and analysis methods is merited. However, the demonstration of immunological reactivity to the gluten ingestion of the oral mucosa of CD, in terms of IgA EMA and anti-tTG production, needs to be further evaluated in order to

The Production of the Oral Mucosa of Antiendomysial and Anti—Tissue-Transglutaminase Antibodies in Patients with Celiac Disease: A Review

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Domenico Compilato

2010-01-01

Full Text Available Celiac disease (CD is a lifelong, T cell—mediated enteropathy, triggered by the ingestion of gluten and related prolamins in genetically susceptible subjects, resulting in minor intestinal mucosal injury, including villous atrophy with crypt hyperplasia and intraepithelial lymphocytosis, and subsequent nutrient malabsorption. Although serological tests for antiendomysial (EMA and anti—tissue transglutaminase (anti-tTG autoantibodies are used to screen and follow up on patients with CD, diagnostic confirmation is still based on the histological examination of the small intestinal mucosa. Although the small intestinal mucosa is the main site of the gut involved in CD, other mucosal surfaces (such as gastric, rectal, ileal, and esophageal belonging to the gastrointestinal tract and the gut-associated lymphoid tissue (GALT can also be involved. A site that could be studied less invasively is the mouth, as it is the first part of the gastrointestinal system and a part of the GALT. Indeed, not only have various oral ailments been reported as possible atypical aspects of CD, but it has been also demonstrated that inflammatory changes occur after oral supramucosal application and a submucosal injection of gliadin into the oral mucosa of CD patients. However, to date, only two studies have assessed the capacity of the oral mucosa of untreated CD patients to EMA and anti-tTG antibodies. In this paper, we will review studies that evaluate the capacity of the oral mucosa to produce specific CD autoantibodies. Discrepancies in sensitivity from the two studies have revealed that biopsy is still not an adequate procedure for the routine diagnostic purposes of CD patients, and a more in-depth evaluation on a larger sample size with standardized collection and analysis methods is merited. However, the demonstration of immunological reactivity to the gluten ingestion of the oral mucosa of CD, in terms of IgA EMA and anti-tTG production, needs to be further

DETECTION OF Helicobacter pylori IN GASTRIC MUCOSA OF SHEEP: PRELIMINARY RESULTS

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A. Rella

2013-02-01

Full Text Available Helicobacter pylori is an organism widespread in humans and sometimes responsible for serious illnesses. It has been hypothesized the existence of animal reservoirs, and that the infection route by H. pylori involves multiple pathways including food-borne transmission as the microorganism has been detected from sheep, goat and cow milk. This work reports the preliminary results of a survey conducted in order to investigate the presence of H. pylori in gastric mucosa of sheep slaughtered in Apulia region (Italy employing a Nested Polymerase Chain Reaction (Nested-PCR assay for the detection of the phosphoglucosamine mutase gene (glmM, as screening method followed by conventional bacteriological isolation. Out of the 50 gastric mucosa samples examined, 3 (6% resulted positive for the presence of glmMgene, but at this time no strains were isolated. The results deserve further investigations to asses the role of ruminants as possible reservoirs of H. pylori.

[The methods of modern reflexotherapy in the combined treatment of patients with erosive-ulcerative processes of the oral mucosa].

Science.gov (United States)

Maksimovskaia, L N; Barashkov, G N; Trestsov, N G

1991-01-01

The authors suggest a scheme of multiple-modality treatment of patients with erosive ulcerative processes in the buccal mucosa. This scheme was employed in the treatment of such patients and it was conducive to a sooner epithelialization of erosions and ulcers in the buccal mucosa; its analgesic effect was fairly high.

[Reconstruction of oral mucosa with a micro-vascularized fascia-cutaneous flap from the forearm].

Science.gov (United States)

Burgueño García, Miguel; Cebrián Carretero, José Luis; Muñoz Caro, Jesús Manuel; Arias Gallo, Javier

2002-01-01

Epidermoid carcinoma of jugal mucosa is an aggressive tumor. Its treatment is based on broad excision and reconstruction in order to avoid fibrosis and restriction of mouth opening. Neck dissection and radiotherapy are indicated in selected cases. We display our experience with microvascularized flaps with the aim of preventing the flaws. We reconsider 8 patients (representing 10 flaps) handle in our Department. Besides we discuss other therapeutic alternatives after the growth's removal. The conclusion reached is that the mucovascularized forearm flaps give a great quantity of thin tissue and therefore so results to be the best option for the reconstruction of the jugal mucosa.

CIENCIAS HUMANAS Y EMERGENCIA DE LA EDAD DIGITAL

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Fischer, Hervé

2013-06-01

Full Text Available Estamos pasando de la era del fuego a la era digital, o sea, de la era de la energía, que incluye el fuego, el viento, el agua, la electricidad y la energía nuclear, a la era de la información. Pasamos así del binomio energía-materia a un nuevo paradigma epistemológico e instrumental, el de una codificación binaria y de una programación algorítmica con las cuales pretendemos reinterpretar el universo e instrumentarlo con una nueva potencia humana superior a la de las leyes habituales de la naturaleza. El hombre ha escogido marcar con su sello nuestra evolución y hablamos aquí de lo antropoceno. McLuhan fue el último gran pensador de la era del fuego, de los medios de difusión eléctricos; pero no podría ser el nuevo gurú de la era digital. La energía destruye le información. Lo digital la crea y la difunde.

El zinc, micronutriente importante en la salud humana

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Alicia Velázquez Pérez

2014-08-01

Full Text Available La importancia biológica del zinc fue admitida por primera vez hace más de un siglo y en la actualidad continúan los estudios que avalan su valor en la nutrición humana. Se ha comprobado que la falta de zinc es bastante frecuente en la población de los países en vías de desarrollo, sobre todo en edades pediátricas, y se asocia en general a malnutrición y deficiencias de otros micronutrientes. El diagnóstico de la deficiencia leve de zinc en el hombre es difícil, ya que produce muchos síntomas clínicos inespecíficos. Por todo ello se realizó una revisión bibliográfica, para contribuir a incrementar los conocimientos del personal médico sobre su importancia, alimentos donde se puede encontrar, patologías en las que más está indicado su uso en pediatría y la forma de administración

Clonación del cDNA del gen de la insulina humana en raíces aéreas de Brassica oleracea var italica (brócoli)

OpenAIRE

Berenice García Reyes; María del Carmen Montes Horcasitas; Emma Gloria Ramos Ramírez; Armando Ariza Castolo; Josefina Pérez Vargas; Octavio Gómez Guzmán; Graciano Calva Calva

2010-01-01

La insulina humana es una proteína de actividad hormonal que regula los niveles de glucosa en sangre. Cuando la insulina falla se desarrolla el padecimiento conocido como diabetes. La insulina se ha expresado en bacterias, levaduras, hongos, células animales y sistemas vegetales por biotecnología vegetal. En este trabajo presentamos los resultados del uso de raíces transformadas de Brassica oleracea var italica (Brocoli) para producir insulina humana. Materiales y Métodos: El cDNA del corresp...

Vasoactive intestinal peptide and somatostatin in the plasma and sigmoid mucosa in irritable bowel syndrome

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Zhang Ru; Wang Fuxian

2004-01-01

To investigate the possible role and clinical significance of vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) and somatostatin(SS) in the irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), the VIP and SS in the plasma and sigmoid mucosa were measured by radioimmunoassay in the control group and the IBS group. The VIP concentration in the plasma and sigmoid mucosa of the IBS patients with constipation was significantly higher than that of the control group (P<0.01), while that of the IBS patients with diarrhea was significantly lower than that of the control group (P<0.05). The SS concentration in two sites was significantly elevated in IBS patients of both types and was significantly higher in IBS with constipation than in IBS with diarrhea (P<0.05). Conclusion: The VIP and SS in IBS are abnormal, which might play a role in the pathogenesis of IBS. The plasma and mucosa concenration of VIP and SS in two kinds of IBS patients are significantly different, which indicates that there might be different pathophysiological basis involved in the pathogenesis of the two kinds of IBS patients. (authors)

Isolation and identification of Helicobacter spp, from canine and feline gastric mucosa

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Jalava, K.; On, Stephen L.W.; VanDamme, P.A.R.

1998-01-01

It is known that virtually all healthy adult dogs and cats harbor spiral helicobacters in their gastric mucosa, Three species, Helicobacter felis, Helicobacter bizzozeronii, and Helicobacter salomonis have been isolated in vitro from the gastric mucosa of these animals. The aims of this study were...... conventional phenotypic tests, whole-cell protein profiling, and ultrastructural analysis in identifying the different species isolated from canine and feline gastric mucose. We cultured 95 and 22 gastric mucosal biopsies from dogs and cats, respectively. Twenty-one H. bizzozeronii strains, 8 H. felis strains......, 8 H. salomonis strains, 3 mixed cultures, 2 "Flexispira rappini"-like organisms, and 3 as get uncharacterized strains were isolated from the dogs, and 3 H. felis strains were isolated from the cats. The methods used here yielded Helicobacter isolation rates of 51% from dogs and 13.6% from cats...

Iside effects of salicylates (ACK, corticosteroids and imunomodulators on the gastroduodenal mucosa - medication used in rheumatoid arthritis treatment

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Popović M.

2015-01-01

Full Text Available The aim is to determine pathological -ulcero-erosive changes in the gastroduodenal mucosa (erosions, ulcers, ulcers, ulcer complications, subepithelial hemorrhage, etc. resulting from the adverse effects of salicylates /ACK/ corticosteroid, imunoodulatora which was prescribed in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis (RA. The test was performed on 50 patients diagnosed with RA who were on the two-year continuous therapy. When respondents were done gastroscopy and pathological macroscopic changes resulting from the gastroduodenal mucosa as a result of adverse effects of administered drugs verified. After two years of preparations ACK controlled therapy, corticosteroids, imunomodula- sector on mucosa gastroduodenal erosions were found in 81.5% of patients, gastric ulcer in 33%, duodenal ulcer with 18.5% of patients and bleeding in 44.4%.

Cambios en la mucosa nasal de los médicos por exposición al humo por electrocoagulación

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María C. Navarro

2016-05-01

Full Text Available Objective: to prove that exposure to smoke resulting from electrocoagulation causes changes in the nasal mucosa of physicians in training at a public hospital in Mexico. Methodology: a prospective fixed cohort study was conducted with a working universe consisting of 43 physicians distributed as follows: a group of 20 professionals with non-surgical specialties (thus unexposed to electrocautery smoke inhalation, and another group of 23 with surgical specialties (thus they were exposed to electrocautery smoke inhalation. They underwent two nasal biopsies: one at the beginning of the study and another after training as specialists for four years. The biopsies were reviewed by the hospital’s chief of Pathology and the incidence of changes in the nasal mucosa in both groups was calculated together with exposure index and the relative risk. Results: the biopsies performed at baseline showed that none of the specialists in training included in this study had damages in the nasal mucosa. The final biopsies, performed after the four-year medical training, had the following results: 70% of the medical residents, who were exposed, showed some histopathological changes in the nasal mucosa (hyperplasia or squamous metaplasia, whereas only 5% (1/20 of the unexposed individuals had them; the risk factor for nasal mucosa damage by exposure was estimated at 13.8. The most common lesions resulting from exposure to smoke from electrocoagulation were hyperplasia and squamous metaplasia. Conclusions: our results demonstrate that residents exposed to smoke produced by electrocoagulation have changes in the nasal mucosa.

Argyrophil cell density in the oxyntic mucosa is higher in female than in male morbidly obese patients

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Maksud, F.A.N.; Kakehasi, A.M.; Barbosa, A.J.A.

2013-01-01

Obesity is a multifactorial disorder often associated with many important diseases such as diabetes, hypertension and other metabolic syndrome conditions. Argyrophil cells represent almost the total population of endocrine cells of the human gastric mucosa and some reports have described changes of specific types of these cells in patients with obesity and metabolic syndrome. The present study was designed to evaluate the global population of argyrophil cells of the gastric mucosa of morbidly obese and dyspeptic non-obese patients. Gastric biopsies of antropyloric and oxyntic mucosa were obtained from 50 morbidly obese patients (BMI >40) and 50 non-obese patients (17 dyspeptic overweight and 33 lean individuals) and processed for histology and Grimelius staining for argyrophil cell demonstration. Argyrophil cell density in the oxyntic mucosa of morbidly obese patients was higher in female (238.68 ± 83.71 cells/mm 2 ) than in male patients (179.31 ± 85.96 cells/mm 2 ) and also higher in female (214.20 ± 50.38 cells/mm 2 ) than in male (141.90 ± 61.22 cells/mm 2 ) morbidly obese patients with metabolic syndrome (P = 0.01 and P = 0.02, respectively). In antropyloric mucosa, the main difference in argyrophil cell density was observed between female morbidly obese patients with (167.00 ± 69.30 cells/mm 2 ) and without (234.00 ± 69.54 cells/mm 2 ) metabolic syndrome (P = 0.001). In conclusion, the present results show that the number of gastric argyrophil cells could be under gender influence in patients with morbid obesity. In addition, gastric argyrophil cells seem to behave differently among female morbidly obese patients with and without metabolic syndrome

Phantom gastric mucosa for evaluating computed radiography in double-contrast upper gastrointestinal examinations

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Murakami, M.; Watanabe, H.; Nakata, H.

1996-01-01

To test the clinical usefulness of computed radiography (CR) with a storage phosphor plate in upper gastrointestinal radiographic examinations, a newly devised phantom gastric mucosa was used. Simulated small elevated and depressed lesions were created on a phantom gastric mucosa made from a styrofoam 'plate'. Twenty-four sets of each CR and screen-film radiographs (SR) were obtained using phototimed exposures. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) study and visual ranking using these images were performed. There was no significant difference between the ROC curves of CR and SR. By visual ranking, CR was equal to or better than SR in most cases. In no case was SR definitely superior to CR. CR can be safely applied in upper gastrointestinal roentgenologic examinations. (orig.)

Flexibilização dos direitos trabalhistas: ações afirmativas da dignidade da pessoa humana como forma de resistência

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Rodrigo Goldschmidt, Doutor em Direito (UFSC, professor Unoesc, Brasil

2012-08-01

Full Text Available A tese apresenta uma construção teórica de resgate da dignidade da pessoa humana nos campos filosófico e jurídico, acoplando esse aporte às especificidades do Direito do Trabalho. A construção da tese, inédita nesse aspecto, fornece ao Direito do Trabalho as condições para fazer frente ao fenômeno da flexibilização, limitando ou impedindo os seus efeitos deletérios, respaldando as ações afirmativas da dignidade da pessoa do trabalhador, aqui propostas, também, com ineditismo. O estudo divide-se em quatro capítulos, sistematicamente ligados e estruturados. O primeiro parte da noção de dignidade da pessoa humana, plasmada em partes da filosofia e da ciência política. Estuda a dimensão jurídica da dignidade da pessoa humana, acompanhando a sua positivação nos tratados internacionais e na constituição. O segundo aborda a base principiológica e a crise do Direito do Trabalho contemporâneo, estabelecendo uma análise inicial da globalização econômica neoliberal e seus efeitos no mundo do trabalho. O terceiro estuda o fenômeno da flexibilização dos direitos trabalhistas, abordando temas conexos, como globalização, privatização e terceirização, estabelecendo o conceito e a tipologia da flexibilização e seus efeitos nocivos para o Direito do Trabalho. O quarto e derradeiro resgata as noções teóricas estabelecidas ao longo da pesquisa, defendendo a tese das ações afirmativas da dignidade da pessoa humana como forma de opor resistência aos efeitos nocivos da flexibilização dos direitos trabalhistas, destacando o papel que o Estado, a Sociedade Civil e o particular podem assumir no contexto. O método de abordagem é o indutivo e o de procedimento é o monográfico. As técnicas de pesquisa são a bibliográfica e a documental. O resultado final da pesquisa evidencia que as ações afirmativas do princípio da dignidade da pessoa humana, levadas a cabo pelo Estado, pela Sociedade Civil e pelos

Qualitative analysis of barium particles coated in small intestinal mucosa of rabbit by using scanning electron microscopy

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Lee, Yong Suk; Ha, Hyun Kwon; Lee, Yang Seob; Kim, Jae Kyun; Yoon, Seong Eon; Kim, Jung Hoon; Chung, Dong Jin; Auh, Yong Ho

1998-01-01

To qualitatively analysed barium coating status in the intestinal mucosa, we used scanning electron microscopy to observe barium particles coated in the small intestinal mucosa of rabbit, and we attempted to assess the relationship between electron microscopic findings and radiographic densities. Six different combination of barium and methylcellulose suspensions were infused into the resected small intestines of 15 rabbits. Barium powders were mixed with water to make 40% and 70% w/v barium solutions, and also mixed with 0.5% methylcellulose solutions were used as a double contrast agent. After the infusion of barium suspensions, a mammography unit was used to obtain radiographs of the small intestine, and their optical densities were measured by a densitometer. Thereafter, photographs of barium-coated small intestinal mucosa were obtained using a scanning electron microscope (x 8,000), and the number of barium particles in the unit area were measured. To compare the relationship between the electron microscopic findings and optical densities, statistical analysis using Spearman correlation was performed. This study shows that by using scanning electron microscopy, barium particles coated on the small intestinal mucosa can be qualitatively analysed. It also shows that the number of small barium particles measured by scanning electron microscopy is related to optical densities. (author). 14 refs., 2 figs

Por um fotojornalismo que respeite a dignidade humana: a dimensão ética como questão fundamental na contemporaneidade

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Janaina Dias Barcelos

2014-07-01

Full Text Available Este trabalho propõe discutir sobre os limites éticos do uso pela imprensa de fotos que retratam dor e sofrimento humanos. O objetivo é refletir sobre o papel do fotojornalismo e o respeito à dignidade humana. Buscamos comparar cinco documentos, verificando similaridades e diferenças, e exemplificamos algumas discussões com fotografias selecionadas a partir de seu alcance e sua noticiabilidade. Buscamos aporte teórico em autores que abordam a dimensão ética do jornalismo, bem como naqueles que estudam o fotojornalismo. Em nossa análise, percebemos que existem orientações para os profissionais, voltadas ao respeito à dignidade humana, mas que ainda há um longo caminho a ser percorrido para que a mídia impressa cumpra esse papel social.

Cutaneous exposure to vesicant phosgene oxime: Acute effects on the skin and systemic toxicity

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Tewari-Singh, Neera; Goswami, Dinesh G; Kant, Rama; Croutch, Claire R; Casillas, Robert P; Orlicky, David J; Agarwal, Rajesh

2017-01-01

Phosgene Oxime (CX), an urticant or nettle agent categorized as a vesicant, is a potential chemical warfare and terrorist weapon. Its exposure can result in widespread and devastating effects including high mortality due to its fast penetration and ability to cause immediate severe cutaneous injury. It is one of the least studied chemical warfare agents with no effective therapy available. Thus, our goal was to examine the acute effects of CX following its cutaneous exposure in SKH-1 hairless mice to help establish a relevant injury model. Results from our study show that topical cutaneous exposure to CX vapor causes blanching of exposed skin with an erythematous ring, necrosis, edema, mild urticaria and erythema within minutes after exposure out to 8 h post-exposure. These clinical skin manifestations were accompanied with increases in skin thickness, apoptotic cell death, mast cell degranulation, myeloperoxidase activity indicating neutrophil infiltration, p53 phosphorylation and accumulation, and an increase in COX-2 and TNFα levels. Topical CX-exposure also resulted in the dilatation of the peripheral vessels with a robust increase in RBCs in vessels of the liver, spleen, kidney, lungs and heart tissues. These events could cause a drop in blood pressure leading to shock, hypoxia and death. Together, this is the first report on effects of CX cutaneous exposure, which could help design further comprehensive studies evaluating the acute and chronic skin injuries from CX topical exposure and elucidate the related mechanism of action to aid in the identification of therapeutic targets and mitigation of injury. - Highlights: • Phosgene oxime cutaneous exposure causes skin blanching, edema and urticaria. • Penetration of phosgene oxime causes dilation of vasculature in internal organs. • Mast cells could play an important role in phosgene oxime-induced skin injury. • Phosgene oxime could induce low blood pressure and hypoxia leading to mortality. • Data is

Cutaneous exposure to vesicant phosgene oxime: Acute effects on the skin and systemic toxicity

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Tewari-Singh, Neera, E-mail: Neera.tewari-singh@ucdenver.edu [Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045 (United States); Goswami, Dinesh G; Kant, Rama [Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045 (United States); Croutch, Claire R; Casillas, Robert P [MRIGlobal, Kansas City, MO 64110 (United States); Orlicky, David J [Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045 (United States); Agarwal, Rajesh [Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045 (United States)

2017-02-15

Phosgene Oxime (CX), an urticant or nettle agent categorized as a vesicant, is a potential chemical warfare and terrorist weapon. Its exposure can result in widespread and devastating effects including high mortality due to its fast penetration and ability to cause immediate severe cutaneous injury. It is one of the least studied chemical warfare agents with no effective therapy available. Thus, our goal was to examine the acute effects of CX following its cutaneous exposure in SKH-1 hairless mice to help establish a relevant injury model. Results from our study show that topical cutaneous exposure to CX vapor causes blanching of exposed skin with an erythematous ring, necrosis, edema, mild urticaria and erythema within minutes after exposure out to 8 h post-exposure. These clinical skin manifestations were accompanied with increases in skin thickness, apoptotic cell death, mast cell degranulation, myeloperoxidase activity indicating neutrophil infiltration, p53 phosphorylation and accumulation, and an increase in COX-2 and TNFα levels. Topical CX-exposure also resulted in the dilatation of the peripheral vessels with a robust increase in RBCs in vessels of the liver, spleen, kidney, lungs and heart tissues. These events could cause a drop in blood pressure leading to shock, hypoxia and death. Together, this is the first report on effects of CX cutaneous exposure, which could help design further comprehensive studies evaluating the acute and chronic skin injuries from CX topical exposure and elucidate the related mechanism of action to aid in the identification of therapeutic targets and mitigation of injury. - Highlights: • Phosgene oxime cutaneous exposure causes skin blanching, edema and urticaria. • Penetration of phosgene oxime causes dilation of vasculature in internal organs. • Mast cells could play an important role in phosgene oxime-induced skin injury. • Phosgene oxime could induce low blood pressure and hypoxia leading to mortality. • Data is

Quantification of bacteria adherent to gastrointestinal mucosa by real-time PCR

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Huijsdens, Xander W.; Linskens, Ronald K.; Mak, Mariëtte; Meuwissen, Stephan G. M.; Vandenbroucke-Grauls, Christina M. J. E.; Savelkoul, Paul H. M.

2002-01-01

The use of real-time quantitative PCR (5' nuclease PCR assay) as a tool to study the gastrointestinal microflora that adheres to the colonic mucosa was evaluated. We developed primers and probes based on the 16S ribosomal DNA gene sequences for the detection of Escherichia coli and Bacteroides

Tomographic mapping of the hard palate and overlying mucosa

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Marquezan, Mariana; Nojima, Lincoln Issamu; Freitas, Amanda Osorio Ayres de; Baratieri, Carolina; Alves Junior, Matheus; Nojima, Matilde da Cunha Goncalves; Araujo, Monica Tirre de Souza

2012-01-01

The aim of this study was to measure the thickness of the hard palate and its overlying mucosa using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT), for purposes of miniscrew placement. The sample comprised 36 CBCT scans of patients aged 12 to 52 years from a database of the Orthodontics Department of the Federal University of Rio de Janeiro. Paracoronal views of the palatal region were reconstructed at 4, 8, 16 and 24 mm posterior to the incisive foramen. In each reconstruction measurements were taken at the suture, 3 mm and 6 mm bilaterally to it. Wilcoxon's test verified the differences between the selected regions. Total bone height decreased from the anterior to the posterior region. In cross sections 4, 16 and 24, bone height decreased from the suture laterally to the 3 mm region and then increased in the 6 mm region. The cortical thickness does not seem to be a concern because it presented a mean thickness of at least 1 mm at all sites evaluated. The measurements of the mucosa thickness decreased from lateral to median and from anterior to posterior regions. The most suitable areas for miniscrew placement in the palate are located 4 mm posterior to the incisive foramen, in the median or paramedian regions 3 mm adjacent to the suture. (author)

Development of a tissue-engineered human oral mucosa equivalent based on an acellular allogeneic dermal matrix: a preliminary report of clinical application to burn wounds.

Science.gov (United States)

Iida, Takuya; Takami, Yoshihiro; Yamaguchi, Ryo; Shimazaki, Shuji; Harii, Kiyonori

2005-01-01

Tissue-engineered skin equivalents composed of epidermal and dermal components have been widely investigated for coverage of full-thickness skin defects. We developed a tissue-engineered oral mucosa equivalent based on an acellular allogeneic dermal matrix and investigated its characteristics. We also tried and assessed its preliminary clinical application. Human oral mucosal keratinocytes were separated from a piece of oral mucosa and cultured in a chemically-defined medium. The keratinocytes were seeded on to the acellular allogeneic dermal matrix and cultured. Histologically, the mucosa equivalent had a well-stratified epithelial layer. Immunohistochemical study showed that it was similar to normal oral mucosa. We applied this equivalent in one case with an extensive burn wound. The equivalent was transplanted three weeks after the harvest of the patient's oral mucosa and about 30% of the graft finally survived. We conclude that this new oral mucosa equivalent could become a therapeutic option for the treatment of extensive burns.

Angiogenesis in the reparatory mucosa of the mandibular edentulous ridge is driven by endothelial tip cells.

Science.gov (United States)

Stănescu, Ruxandra; Didilescu, Andreea Cristiana; Jianu, Adelina Maria; Rusu, M C

2012-01-01

Sprouting angiogenesis is led by specialized cell--the endothelial tip cells (ETCs) which can be targeted by pro- or anti-angiogenic therapies. We aimed to perform a qualitative study in order to assess the guidance by tip cells of the endothelial sprouts in the repairing mucosa of the edentulous mandibular crest. Mucosa of the mandibular edentulous ridge was collected from six adult patients, prior to healing abutment placement (second surgery). Slides were prepared and immunostained with antibodies for CD34 and Ki67. The abundant vasculature of the lamina propria was observed on slides and the CD34 antibodies labeled endothelial tip cells in various stages of the endothelial sprouts. Ki67 identified positive endothelial cells, confirming the proliferative status of the microvascular bed. According to the results, the in situ sprouting angiogenesis is driven by tip cells in the oral mucosa of the edentulous ridge and these cells can be targeted by various therapies, as required by the local pathologic or therapeutic conditions.

[Assesing the effect of Lepidium meyenii "Maca" on the gastric mucosa in patients with functional dyspepsia].

Science.gov (United States)

Benites Goñi, Harold Eduardo; Cok García, Jaime; Bussalleu Cavero, Alejandra; Bustamente Robles, Katherine Yelenia; Zegarra Chang, Arturo; Bravo, Eduar; Bussalleu Rivera, Alejandro

2014-01-01

The present study was designed to determine the histological effect of Lepidium meyenii "Maca" on the gastric mucosa in patients with functional dyspepsia. This study consists of a clinical case series, in which the effect of Maca on the gastric histopathology of 29 Peruvian patients diagnosed with functional dyspepsia was examined. The presence of H. pylori, as well as the degree and depth of the gastric mucosa inflammation was evaluated from biopsies obtained before and after the treatment based solely of Maca 3 grams per day for four weeks. Average values of the degree and depth of mucosal inflammation before and after the treatment were compared showing no statistical difference among the samples. Sixteen patients were infected with H. pylori, and they remained infected after the treatment with Maca. A four week long treatment with Maca does not produce significant changes on gastric mucosa of patients with functional dyspepsia, neither on H. pylori eradication.

Análisis Diagnóstico de la ecoaldea Aldeafeliz y propuesta de solución a la luz del Paradigma del Desarrollo a Escala Humana

OpenAIRE

Amaya Amaya, Juan Sebastian

2014-01-01

El interés de este análisis diagnóstico es examinar, dentro de la nueva ruralidad, los niveles de calidad de vida en un tipo particular de asentamiento denominado ecoaldea. Para ello se realiza una inmersión en campo por medio de la construcción de una bitácora –etnografía-, para luego describir y analizar como se satisfacen las necesidades humanas en la ecoaldea Aldeafeliz (2006-2013) a la luz del Paradigma del Desarrollo a Escala Humana y el concepto mismo de ecoaldea, ent...

Endoscopy and biopsy findings in the esophageal, gastric and duodenal mucosa before and after radiotherapy for Hodgkin's disease

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Slanina, J.; Neidl, K.; Wannenmacher, M.; Froehlich, J.; Hoppe-Seyler, P.; Oehlert, W.

1985-04-01

Esophago-gastro-duodenoscopies with multiple mucosa biopsies were performed before and after irradiation of the mantle field or the spleen pedicle in 13 patients with Hodgkin's disease in stage I and II. For the irradiation the photons of a 4 MeV linear accelerator were applied with focal doses of 40 to 44 Gy. Contrast simulator radiographs were made in order to verify the position within the irradiation field of the organs from which biopsies were taken. In 0/10 patients examined before the irradiation, 0/5 patients examined less than 15 weeks after the irradiation, and 0/12 patients examined 15 weeks or later after the irradiation, histomorphologic investigation of the mucosa of the esophagus showed no pathologic findings. With the same intervals of examination related to irradiation, the gastric mucosa showed a pathologic histomorphology in 1/13, 7/9, and 5/9 patients, respectively, and the duodenal mucosa in 0/13, 5/9, and 2/9 patients, respectively. With the exception of one ulcer in the duodenal bulb, the histopathologic findings as well as the macroscopic findings were neither significant nor characteristic, i.e. not radiospecific. Most of these findings were inflammatory alterations of the mucosa, erosions, and capillarectasies.

Comércio de produtos biotecnológicos no Brasil: uma proposta de interpretação constitucional com base na dignidade da pessoa humana e no direito fundamental à saúde

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

ALBUQUERQUE, Victor V. Carneiro de

2015-11-01

Full Text Available A indústria farmacêutica investe no desenvolvimento de produtos baseados em substâncias humanas, sobretudo os obtidos por meio de manipulação celular e genética. Nada obstante, o marco legal brasileiro ainda se funda no paradigma de drogas sintéticas e, portanto, é pouco adaptado para regular novos produtos biotecnológicos em desenvolvimento. O presente artigo examina um dispositivo constitucional que traz norma sobre o comércio de substâncias humanas, com o objetivo de promover interpretação que melhor atenda ao princípio da dignidade da pessoa humana e promova o direito fundamental à saúde.

Rupturas epistémicas y complejidad en los estudios de género, una aproximación a la conciencia humana feminizada

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Ivonne Vizcarra Bordi

2017-07-01

Full Text Available El objetivo de este texto consiste en reflexionar sobre los aportes feministas teóricos y empíricos que permitieron posicionamientos de rupturas epistémicas para revelar otras perspectivas de las realidades sociales y humanas. Se consideraron cinco rupturas epistémicas que desconstruyen una realidad unidimensional y racional, para dar cabida a otra compleja, que alcanzaría al espacio político de la educación transversalizada de género: biologicista, tecnocientífica, binarista, heterosexual y la separación objeto-sujeto. Se concluyó que los estudios de género pueden promover una educación des-universalizada, para dar lugar al pensamiento complejo que transciende las disciplinas y la misma conciencia humana.

La traducción automática vs. traducción humana: una tendencia creciente en la co­munidad científica actual

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Dr. C. Adrian Abreus González

2016-07-01

Full Text Available El artículo refiere las observaciones de los autores en torno al proceso de traducción automática y humana. En él se presentan elementos relacionados con el surgimiento del tercer entorno de la comunicación y las demandas crecientes de la comunidad científica de divulgar los resultados de las investigaciones en idiomas extranjeros, básicamente el inglés. El objetivo esencial es reflexionar sobre las ventajas y desventajas que proporciona la traducción automática vs. traducción humana, para lo cual se proporcionan sugerencias que facilitan la comprensión por el lector.

Biomarcadores inmunológicos de riesgo cardiovascular en la infección por el virus de inmunodeficiencia humana-1

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

María Teresa Rugeles-López

2017-03-01

Full Text Available La infección por el virus de inmunodeficiencia humana-1 se ha consolidado como una epidemia mundial. La masificación de la terapia antirretroviral altamente activa ha traído consigo un aumento importante en la expectativa de vida de los pacientes seropositivos, pero también serias preocupaciones por la aparición de diferentes comorbilidades; entre las cuales se destaca la enfermedad cardiovascular como la tercera causa de mortalidad no asociada al síndrome de inmunodeficiencia adquirida en estos pacientes. Este artículo muestra una revisión actualizada de los biomarcadores de la enfermedad cardiovascular en pacientes infectados con el virus de inmunodeficiencia humana-1, e incluye los marcadores inmunológicos que han sido identificados más recientemente. Ante la ausencia de una estrategia para estimar el riesgo de eventos cardiovasculares validada en esta población, se discute el potencial clínico y la investigación que poseen dichos biomarcadores.

Altas tecnologías, conflictos armados y seguridad humana

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Elena del Mar García Rico

2016-01-01

Full Text Available El examen de las amenazas para la seguridad y el bienestar de las personas inherentes al concepto de seguridad humana exige ocuparse también de las consecuencias que la utilización de las altas tecnologías puedan ocasionar en relación con los conflictos armados actuales. De ahí que en este trabajo abordemos los cambios relevantes en la naturaleza y características de los nuevos conflictos armados provocados por la celeridad y amplitud en el empleo de altas tecnologías y su desigual distribución entre los beligerantes, tal y como muestran las llamadas guerras de coste cero, de cuarta generación o asimétricas, e incluso las híbridas. Asimismo, el desarrollo reciente de las capacidades militares cibernéticas, de los sistemas de armas autónomos y de los vehículos aéreos no tripulados plantea nuevos retos al Derecho Internacional Humanitario, aspectos contemplados en este estudio.

Oral mucosa and lung cancer: Are genetic changes in the oral ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

2016-02-03

Feb 3, 2016 ... to lung cancer, although other risk factors (such as genetic tendency) ... analysis of oral mucosa identifying individuals predisposed to lung cancer. ... of the study is that oral epithelial cells of smokers who have lung cancer are ... Stratec Molecular, Berlin, Germany). p53 codon 72 ..... Validity and reliability of.

Mucosa protectives: sucralfate and colloidal bismuth subcitrate in peptic ulcer disease

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Tytgat, G. N.; Nio, C. Y.

1987-01-01

Mucosa protective drugs are thought to have an important role in the treatment of both duodenal (DU) and gastric ulcer (GU) disease by means of correcting the disturbed defensive factors. Sucralfate as well as colloidal bismuth subcitrate (CBS) form a layer on the ulcer base and in this way protect

Misión y vocación universitaria y persona humana

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Jesús GONZÁLEZ LÓPEZ

2009-11-01

Full Text Available RESUMEN: El artículo es una reflexión del autor sobre el sentido y fines que la Universidad debe buscar en Chile en la perspectiva de un nuevo siglo. La Universidad debe constituirse, en primer lugar, como comunidad humana e intelectual. Pero, en segundo lugar, la dimensión ética de la persona es una perspectiva de fondo que no puede abandonar ninguna tarea desarrollada en la Universidad.ABSTRACT: This article is a reflection about the meaning and goals of the University in Chile at the thresold of the next century. First of all, the University must be a human and intellectual community. But the ethical dimension of the person is also most important for the universitary task.

LA DIGNIDAD DE LA PERSONA HUMANA: DESDE LA FECUNDACIÓN HASTA SU MUERTE A DIGNIDADE DA PESSOA HUMANA: DESDE A FECUNDAÇÃO ATÉ A MORT THE DIGNITY OF THE HUMAN BEING: FROM CONCEPTION TO DEATH

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Juan de Dios Vial Correa

2009-01-01

Full Text Available El presente trabajo reflexiona sobre el concepto de "dignidad" desde sus orígenes y la evolución del término, en búsqueda de un sustrato filosófico y antropológico que fundamente el concepto, con el fin de que se respete la persona humana desde la fecundación hasta la muerte y la reflexión bioética tenga una base desde la cual proceder.O presente trabalho reflete sobre o conceito de "dignidade" desde suas origens e a evolução do termo. Busca um substrato filosófico e antropológico que fundamente o conceito, com a finalidade de que se respeite a pessoa humana desde a fecundação até a morte e que a reflexão bioética tenha uma base de ação.This work contemplates the concept of "dignity" from its origins and the evolution of the term, in search of a philosophical and anthropological substrate that grounds the concept, with the objective of the respect of the human being from its conception until death and the provision of a basis from which bioethical reflection may proceed.

Estandarización de la técnica de ELISA para el diagnóstico de Toxocariasis humana

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Yrma Espinoza

2003-03-01

Full Text Available Objetivo: Estandarizar la técnica ELISA para el diagnóstico de infección humana por Toxocara canis con antígeno excretado-secretado preparado en nuestro medio. Material y Métodos: Se colectó huevos de T. canis y se les incubó con formol (2% a 28°C hasta obtener larvas de tercer estadio, las que luego de ser liberadas fueron incubadas en RPMI a 37°C por 7 días; se reemplazó el medio por otro similar y almacenó a -20°C. Se concentró el antígeno y se dosó proteínas. Para la técnica de ELISA se utilizó sueros de pacientes con toxocariasis y de niños recién nacidos, como controles positivos y negativos, respectivamente, diluidos desde ¼ hasta 1/1024. Se sensibilizó placas de poliestireno con varias concentraciones de antígeno, utilizándose conjugado de peroxidasa e IgG de carnero anti IgG humana y sustrato OPD. Se realizó lectura de absorbancia a 492 nm con espectrofotómetro (Multiskan plus labsystems, siendo el punto de corte el promedio aritmético de la absorbancia de los sueros negativos más 3 desviaciones estándar. Resultados: La concentración óptima del antígeno fue 50 ug/mL, la dilución del suero 1/128, la dilución del conjugado 1/1000 con densidad óptica mayor a 0,241. Conclusiones: La técnica de ELISA para diagnóstico serológico de infección humana por Toxocara canis podría ser utilizada en estudios epidemiológicos en nuestro país. Queda pendiente la evaluación de su eficacia en futuros estudios.

Distribution of some elements in human colon mucosa

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Drashkovich, R.J.

1985-01-01

The contents of Co, Zn, Fe, Cr and Sb were determined in human colon mucosa as a function of pathalogical alterations during development of colitis Chronica, Colitis Ulcerosa, Adenoma Tubulare and Adenocarcinoma. The sample (0.00023-0.00087 kg in weight) from 80 patients were taken during rectosigmoidoscopy by teflon coated forceps and were deep frozen (T=244 deg. K) and liophilysed. A thermal neutron fluxes 0.54-1.85x10 17 n/m 2 .s for 3 days and 4096-channel analyser with a Ge(Li) detector

Extensive amalgam tattoo on the alveolar-gingival mucosa.

Science.gov (United States)

Galletta, Vivian C; Artico, Gabriela; Dal Vechio, Aluana M C; Lemos, Celso A; Migliari, Dante A

2011-01-01

Amalgam tattoos are common exogenous pigmented lesions of the oral mucosa occurring mainly by inadvertent placement of amalgam particles into soft tissues. The diagnosis of amalgam tattoo is simple, usually based on clinical findings associated with presence or history of amalgam fillings removal. Intraoral X-rays may be helpful in detecting amalgam-related radiopacity. In cases where amalgam tattoo cannot be differentiated from other causes of oral pigmentation, a biopsy should be performed. This article deals with an extensive amalgam tattoo lesion which required a biopsy for a definitive diagnosis.

Multiple mucous retention cysts of the oral mucosa.

Science.gov (United States)

Tal, H; Altini, M; Lemmer, J

1984-12-01

While mucoceles of the oral mucosa are relatively common, multiple mucous retention cysts have not previously been reported. In this article two such cases, in which numerous minor salivary gland ducts had dilated to the point of cyst formation, are described. The number of individual cysts exceeded 100 in each case. Since it is clear that these cysts formed as a result of dilatation of salivary ducts, it would seem that either the ducts were blocked by altered secretion or there was an acquired or congenital weakness in their structure.

Histomorphometric analysis of nuclear and cellular volumetric alterations in oral lichen planus, lichenoid lesions and normal oral mucosa using image analysis software.

Science.gov (United States)

Venkatesiah, Sowmya S; Kale, Alka D; Hallikeremath, Seema R; Kotrashetti, Vijayalakshmi S

2013-01-01

Lichen planus is a chronic inflammatory mucocutaneous disease that clinically and histologically resembles lichenoid lesions, although the latter has a different etiology. Though criteria have been suggested for differentiating oral lichen planus from lichenoid lesions, confusion still prevails. To study the cellular and nuclear volumetric features in the epithelium of normal mucosa, lichen planus, and lichenoid lesions to determine variations if any. A retrospective study was done on 25 histologically diagnosed cases each of oral lichen planus, oral lichenoid lesions, and normal oral mucosa. Cellular and nuclear morphometric measurements were assessed on hematoxylin and eosin sections using image analysis software. Analysis of variance test (ANOVA) and Tukey's post-hoc test. The basal cells of oral lichen planus showed a significant increase in the mean nuclear and cellular areas, and in nuclear volume; there was a significant decrease in the nuclear-cytoplasmic ratio as compared to normal mucosa. The suprabasal cells showed a significant increase in nuclear and cellular areas, nuclear diameter, and nuclear and cellular volumes as compared to normal mucosa. The basal cells of oral lichenoid lesions showed significant difference in the mean cellular area and the mean nuclear-cytoplasmic ratio as compared to normal mucosa, whereas the suprabasal cells differed significantly from normal mucosa in the mean nuclear area and the nuclear and cellular volumes. Morphometry can differentiate lesions of oral lichen planus and oral lichenoid lesions from normal oral mucosa. Thus, morphometry may serve to discriminate between normal and premalignant lichen planus and lichenoid lesions. These lesions might have a high risk for malignant transformation and may behave in a similar manner with respect to malignant transformation.

Morphometric study of uninvolved rectal mucosa 10 cm and 20 cm away from the malignant tumor.

Science.gov (United States)

Despotović, Sanja Z; Milićević, Novica M; Milosević, Dragoslav P; Despotović, Nebojsa; Erceg, Predrag; Bojić, Bozidar; Bojić, Danijela; Svorcan, Petar; Mihajlović, Gordana; Dorđević, Jelena; Lalić, Ivana M; Milićević, Zivana

2014-02-01

Recently, many details of the interplay between tumor cells and tumor-associated stromal elements leading to the progression of malignant disease were elucidated. In contrast, little is known about the role of uninvolved stromal tissue in the remote surrounding of the malignant tumor. Therefore, we performed a computer-aided morphometric study of rectal mucosa in samples taken 10 cm and 20 cm away from the malignant tumor during endoscopic examination of 23 patients older than 60 years. The samples of rectal mucosa from 10 healthy persons of corresponding age subjected to diagnostic rectoscopy during active screening for asymptomatic cancer were used as control. All structural elements of the rectal mucosa were studied and the number of nucleated cells in the lamina propria per 0.1 mm² of tissue was assessed. Our study revealed a reduced number of cells in the lamina propria of the rectal mucosa 10 cm and 20 cm away from the tumor lesion in both male and female patients. The decreased mucosal height and increased crypt number were registered in female patients 10 cm away from the tumor. The connective tissue of lamina propria showed a disorderly organization: the collagen fibers were frail, loosely arranged and signs of tissue edema were present. Small blood vessels and capillaries were much more frequently seen than in healthy tissue. Our results demonstrate the complex interactions between the cancer and remote mucosal tissue of the affected organ.

Obtención y caracterización de un anticuerpo específico contra la hormona luteinizante humana

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Adriana Umaña

1996-12-01

Full Text Available En el presente trabajo se describe la obtención del anticuerpo policlonal específico contra la hormona luteinizante humana (HL. La hormona fue purificada a partir de una fracción rica en glicoproteínas, obtenida de hipófisis humanas, siguiendo el método desarrollado previamente en el proyecto basado en diferencias de solubilidad y constante dieléctrica entre las diferentes proteínas. El antisuero específico se obtuvo por inoculación del antígeno en conejos raza Nueva Zelanda y su producción controlada valorando el título por RIA. La caracterización parcial del antisuero se realizó mediante la determinación del título óptimo, afinidad, especificidad y su aplicabilidad para la cuantificación en términos de curva estándar y control de calidad, en comparación con un antisuero de referencia internacional. Los resultados indicaron que el anticuerpo obtenido puede emplearse en la cuantificación de HL por RIA.

¿Qué deben saber los niños de educación primaria sobre la nutrición humana según los maestros en formación?

OpenAIRE

Rivadulla López, Juan

2009-01-01

En este trabajo se pretende ofrecer una primera visión sobre los aspectos que los futuros maestros de Educación Primaria consideran esenciales que alcancen los alumnos al terminar esta etapa educativa con respecto a la nutrición humana. Concretamente nos centramos en los aspectos sobre la nutrición humana en general, los sistemas que intervienen en la nutrición y la repercusión en el medio de la obtención/eliminación de sustancias.

VISUAL ASSESSMENT OF THE MUCOSA OF THE COLON IN IRRITABLE BOWEL SYNDROME IN THE DYNAMICS OF TREATMENT

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A. E. Shklyaev

2016-01-01

Full Text Available Introduction. Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS is a common functional disorder of the gastrointestinal tract. The difficulty of its diagnosis related to the lack of specific markers of the disease. This article describes the visual changes of the mucosa of the colon in irritable bowel syndrome in the dynamics of medical and physiotherapy treatment. Materials and methods. Examined and treated 100 patients with endoscopically confirmed diagnosis of IBS. Of which 50 people were receiving pharmacotherapy and 50 –sinusoidal modulated currents — phoresis natural brine. Given the morphological evaluation of the mucosa of the intestine in the dynamics of treatment. Results. In IBS morpho-endoscopically detected dyskinetic disorders, minimal signs of nonspecific inflammation of the mucosa of the colon and primary degenerative manifestations. These changes are reversible and can be used to assess the quality of treatment. The high efficiency of SMC-phoresis natural brine in IBS.

Myeloperoxidase-positive cell infiltration of normal colorectal mucosa is related to body fatness and is predictive of adenoma occurrence.

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Mariani, F; Boarino, V; Bertani, A; Merighi, A; Pedroni, M; Rossi, G; Mancini, S; Sena, P; Benatti, P; Roncucci, L

2017-06-01

Body fatness is a risk factor for colorectal cancer, and promotes an inflammatory environment. Indeed, inflammation in normal colorectal mucosa may be a factor linking body fatness to colorectal carcinogenesis. In this study, we evaluated myeloperoxidase (MPO)-positive cells infiltration of normal colorectal mucosa as a marker of cancer-promoting inflammation in overweight and obese subjects. One hundred and three subjects with normal colonoscopy entered the study. Waist circumference (WC) and body mass index (BMI) were measured, and MPO-positive cells on histological sections of biopsies of normal colorectal mucosa were counted under a light microscope. The occurrence of adenomas was then evaluated on follow-up colonoscopies. Mean MPO-positive cell count (±s.e.m.) was higher in subject with a WC equal or above the obesity cutoff values according to gender (2.63±0.20 vs 2.06±0.18, P=0.03), and in subjects with BMI equal or above 25 kg m - 2 (2.54±0.18 vs 1.97±0.20, P=0.03). A Cox proportional hazard model showed that mean MPO-positive cell count in normal colorectal mucosa was the only factor independently related to occurrence of adenomas in follow-up colonoscopies. Though preliminary, these results show that MPO-positive cell infiltration in normal colorectal mucosa is related with body fatness, as evaluated by WC and BMI, and it may be considered a useful and simple marker to estimate adenoma occurrence risk.

Argyrophil cell density in the oxyntic mucosa is higher in female than in male morbidly obese patients

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Maksud, F.A.N. [Laboratório de Patologia Digestiva e Neuroendócrina, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG (Brazil); Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, MG (Brazil); Kakehasi, A.M. [Laboratório de Patologia Digestiva e Neuroendócrina, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG (Brazil); Barbosa, A.J.A. [Laboratório de Patologia Digestiva e Neuroendócrina, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG (Brazil); Instituto Alfa de Gastroenterologia, Belo Horizonte, MG (Brazil)

2013-04-05

Obesity is a multifactorial disorder often associated with many important diseases such as diabetes, hypertension and other metabolic syndrome conditions. Argyrophil cells represent almost the total population of endocrine cells of the human gastric mucosa and some reports have described changes of specific types of these cells in patients with obesity and metabolic syndrome. The present study was designed to evaluate the global population of argyrophil cells of the gastric mucosa of morbidly obese and dyspeptic non-obese patients. Gastric biopsies of antropyloric and oxyntic mucosa were obtained from 50 morbidly obese patients (BMI >40) and 50 non-obese patients (17 dyspeptic overweight and 33 lean individuals) and processed for histology and Grimelius staining for argyrophil cell demonstration. Argyrophil cell density in the oxyntic mucosa of morbidly obese patients was higher in female (238.68 ± 83.71 cells/mm{sup 2}) than in male patients (179.31 ± 85.96 cells/mm{sup 2}) and also higher in female (214.20 ± 50.38 cells/mm{sup 2}) than in male (141.90 ± 61.22 cells/mm{sup 2}) morbidly obese patients with metabolic syndrome (P = 0.01 and P = 0.02, respectively). In antropyloric mucosa, the main difference in argyrophil cell density was observed between female morbidly obese patients with (167.00 ± 69.30 cells/mm{sup 2}) and without (234.00 ± 69.54 cells/mm{sup 2}) metabolic syndrome (P = 0.001). In conclusion, the present results show that the number of gastric argyrophil cells could be under gender influence in patients with morbid obesity. In addition, gastric argyrophil cells seem to behave differently among female morbidly obese patients with and without metabolic syndrome.

In vivo endoscopic OCT imaging of precancer and cancer states of human mucosa

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Sergeev, Alexander M.; Gelikonov, V. M.; Gelikonov, G. V.; Feldchtein, Felix I.; Kuranov, R. V.; Gladkova, N. D.; Shakhova, N. M.; Snopova, L. B.; Shakhov, A. V.; Kuznetzova, I. A.; Denisenko, A. N.; Pochinko, V. V.; Chumakov, Yu P.; Streltzova, O. S.

1997-12-01

First results of endoscopic applications of optical coherence tomography for in vivo studies of human mucosa in respiratory, gastrointestinal, urinary and genital tracts are presented. A novel endoscopic OCT (EOCT) system has been created that is based on the integration of a sampling arm of an all-optical-fiber interferometer into standard endoscopic devices using their biopsy channel to transmit low-coherence radiation to investigated tissue. We have studied mucous membranes of esophagus, larynx, stomach, urinary bladder, uterine cervix and body as typical localization for carcinomatous processes. Images of tumor tissues versus healthy tissues have been recorded and analyzed. Violations of well-defined stratified healthy mucosa structure in cancered tissue are distinctly seen by EOCT, thus making this technique promising for early diagnosis of tumors and precise guiding of excisional biopsy.

An evaluation of the effects of epidermal growth factor on irradiation lip mucosa damage in mice

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Feng Yan

1994-01-01

The effect of epidermal growth factor (EGF) on lip mucosa damage by irradiation was explored in mice. EGF was administered in doses of 100 μg/kg/day using different schedules. Mucosal damage was assessed. The metaphase arrest method with vinblastine was used to evaluate the diurnal rhythm of mitosis. EGF in regimens employed did not protect the mouse lip epithelial cells from irradiation induced damage, but it has a demonstrable stimulatory effect on cell proliferation in lip mucosa which is dependent on the schedules of administration. The reasons and mechanisms are discussed