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Sample records for mucormicosis rino-orbito-cerebral experiencia

  1. Mucormicosis (ficomicosis en Colombia

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    Carlos E. Peña

    1965-10-01

    Full Text Available Se presentan dos casos de mucormicosis (ficomicosis, entidad que ha sido muy raramente encontrada en Colombia. El primer caso se refiere a un prematuro con deshidratación consecutiva a vómito y diarrea. A la autopsia se encontró una mucormicosis del intestino delgado con necrosis del mismo e invasión al bazo, a la vez que una candidiasis esofágica. El segundo caso es el de un niño de 5 meses de edad, con diarreas, vómito, acidosis y signos de trombosis del seno cavernoso derecho y de meningitis. La autopsia reveló una mucormicosis ocular y meningo-encefálica acompañada de trombosis de la arteria cerebral media derecha y del seno cavernoso del mismo lado.

  2. Invasive rhino-orbito-cerebral mucormycosis in a diabetic patient – the need for prompt treatment

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    Vanessa Chow

    2015-06-01

    Full Text Available Mucormycosis is a rare life threatening fungal infection predominately seen in immunocompromised or diabetic patients. The following case is of a known type II diabetic patient who presented with sepsis and sudden unilateral loss of vision secondary to infective rhino-orbito-cerebral mucormycosis. Treatment of the condition required extensive surgical intervention and medical management for a life saving outcome.

  3. Attempt to identify the functional areas of the cerebral cortex on CT slices parallel to the orbito-meatal line

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    Tanabe, Hirotaka; Okuda, Junichiro; Nishikawa, Takashi; Nishimura, Tsuyoshi (Osaka Univ. (Japan). Faculty of Medicine); Shiraishi, Junzo

    1982-06-01

    In order to identify the functional brain areas, such as Broca's area, on computed tomography slices parallel to the orbito-meatal line, the numbers of Brodmann's cortical mapping were shown on a diagram of representative brain sections parallel to the orbito-meatal line. Also, we described a method, using cerebral sulci as anatomical landmarks, for projecting lesions shown by CT scan onto the lateral brain diagram. The procedures were as follows. The distribution of lesions on CT slices was determined by the identification of major cerebral sulci and fissures, such as the Sylvian fissure, the central sulcus, and the superior frontal sulcus. Those lesions were then projected onto the lateral diagram by comparing each CT slice with the horizontal diagrams of brain sections. The method was demonstrated in three cases developing neuropsychological symptoms.

  4. An attempt to identify the functional areas of the cerebral cortex on CT slices parallel to the orbito-meatal line

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Tanabe, Hirotaka; Okuda, Junichiro; Nishikawa, Takashi; Nishimura, Tsuyoshi; Shiraishi, Junzo.

    1982-01-01

    In order to identify the functional brain areas, such as Broca's area, on computed tomography slices parallel to the orbito-meatal line, the numbers of Brodmann's cortical mapping were shown on a diagram of representative brain sections parallel to the orbito-meatal line. Also, we described a method, using cerebral sulci as anatomical landmarks, for projecting lesions shown by CT scan onto the lateral brain diagram. The procedures were as follows. The distribution of lesions on CT slices was determined by the identification of major cerebral sulci and fissures, such as the Sylvian fissure, the central sulcus, and the superior frontal sulcus. Those lesions were then projected onto the lateral diagram by comparing each CT slice with the horizontal diagrams of brain sections. The method was demonstrated in three cases developing neuropsychological symptoms. (author)

  5. Mucormicosis: Una micosis emergente

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    Iris Tiraboschi

    2012-02-01

    Full Text Available El objetivo de este trabajo es presentar la incidencia, frecuencia, características clínicas y evolución de los pacientes con mucormicosis atendidos en el Hospital de Clínicas José de San Martín, Universidad de Buenos Aires, entre los años 1982 y 2010. Durante ese período se diagnosticaron 10 casos de mucormicosis. Los tres primeros entre 1982 y 2004 y los últimos 7 entre 2005 y 2010. La incidencia y frecuencia de esta enfermedad, para el período 1980-2004 fue 0.13 pacientes/año y 0.1 casos/10 000 egresos (IC 95%: 0.00 a 0.3 respectivamente. En el período 2005-2010 la incidencia fue 0.86 pacientes/año y la frecuencia de 1.1 casos/10 000 egresos (IC 95%: 0.5 a 2.4. Hubo nueve casos de mucormicosis rinosinuso-orbitaria, siete en pacientes con diabetes mellitus, uno en una paciente con una hemopatía maligna y neutropenia, y el restante en un paciente con HIV/sida que además estaba neutropénico y con un síndrome hemofagocítico. En una paciente se realizó el diagnóstico post mortem de mucormicosis pulmonar. El diagnóstico se efectuó por la observación de filamentos cenocíticos en los diez casos. Hubo desarrollo de mucorales en los cultivos de 8/9 pacientes; cinco Rhizopus spp y tres Mucor spp. Todos los pacientes recibieron un tratamiento inicial con anfotericina B deoxicolato, que en tres de ellos fue continuado con anfotericina B liposomal, y cirugía. Tres enfermos recibieron además un tratamiento adyuvante con oxigeno hiperbárico. La mortalidad fue 30%.

  6. Coinfección de mucormicosis rinocerebral y aspergilosis sinusal

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    William Torres-Damas

    Full Text Available La mucormicosis y la aspergilosis son las causas más frecuentes de infecciones micóticas causadas por hongos filamentosos, la coinfección en un mismo huésped es poco frecuente. Se presenta el caso de un paciente varón de 78 años con debut de diabetes mellitus tipo 2 y cetoacidosis, que presenta tumefacción de hemicara derecha, parálisis facial derecha, ptosis palpebral y úlcera necrótica en paladar derecho. La tomografía computarizada de macizo facial evidenció un absceso del seno maxilar derecho, de cuya secreción se cultivó Aspergillus fumigatus. El resultado de anatomía patológica de biopsia de paladar, seno maxilar y hueso etmoidal fue compatible con mucormicosis. El paciente recibió tratamiento con voriconazol, anfotericina B desoxicolato y debridamiento quirúrgico del seno maxilar. Sin embargo, pese al manejo, falleció. La coinfección rinocerebral por mucormicosis y aspergilosis debería ser sospechada en pacientes inmunosuprimidos con el fin de establecer un manejo temprano que permita mejorar el pronóstico de la enfermedad

  7. Towards earth AntineutRino TomograpHy (EARTH)

    NARCIS (Netherlands)

    De Meijer, R. J.; Smit, F. D.; Brooks, F. D.; Fearick, R. W.; Wortche, H. J.; Mantovani, F.

    2006-01-01

    The programme Earth AntineutRino TomograpHy (EARTH) proposes to build ten underground facilities each hosting a telescope. Each telescope consists of many detector modules, to map the radiogenic heat sources deep in the interior of the Earth by utilising direction sensitive geoneutrino detection.

  8. Acute orbital apex syndrome and rhino-orbito-cerebral mucormycosis

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    Anders UM

    2015-04-01

    Full Text Available Ursula M Anders,1 Elise J Taylor,1 Joseph R Martel,1–3 James B Martel1–3 1Research Center, Martel Eye Medical Group, Rancho Cordova, 2Graduate Medical Education, California Northstate University College of Medicine, Elk Grove, 3Department of Ophthalmology, Dignity Health, Carmichael, CA, USA Purpose: To demonstrate the successful clinical identification and management of rhino-orbital mucormycosis, a fungal infection with a high mortality rate. Patients and methods: A diabetic male patient with a headache and orbital apex syndrome in the right eye was examined using computed tomography (CT and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI for a possible fungal infection. Endoscopic surgical resection was performed and a pathology sample was taken. Specimens were prepared with Gömöri methenamine silver and hematoxylin and eosin staining. The patient was treated with liposomal amphotericin B 400 mg daily, followed by posaconazole 400 mg twice daily. Results: CT and MRI revealed a mass of the right sphenoid spreading into the orbit, indicative of a fungal infection. The biopsy confirmed the diagnosis of mucormycosis. Complete recovery of eyelid and oculomotor function was achieved after 10 months of treatment, although the patient continues to suffer from irreversible blindness in the right eye due to optic nerve atrophy. He has been without signs or symptoms of recurrence. Conclusion: Patients with rhino-orbito-cerebral mucormycosis need extensive surgical and medical treatment to maximize outcomes. Success requires multidisciplinary management. Keywords: ophthalmoplegia, sixth nerve palsy, diabetes mellitus, nephrotoxicity, amphotericin B, posaconazole

  9. An unusual orbito-cranial foreign body

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    Misra Madhumati

    1992-01-01

    Full Text Available The rarity of orbito-cranial gun shot injury in both war and civilian practice has been reported. In a large series of 351 missile head injuries in the Vietnam war, orbital penetration was noted in 0.6% cases only. Review of literature shows that orbital injury was ipsilateral to the cerebral injury in most reported cases. We have previously reported a rare case of left parieto-occipital lobe injury due to gun shot wound of the contralateral (right orbit. The case reported here sustained a bullet injury to the left frontal bone but the missile was located below the contralateral (right optic canal. The rarity of the case prompted this report.

  10. Molecular diagnosis of rhino-orbito-cerebral mucormycosis from fresh tissue samples.

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    Zaman, Kamran; Rudramurthy, Shivaprakash Mandya; Das, Ashim; Panda, Naresh; Honnavar, Prasanna; Kaur, Harsimran; Chakrabarti, Arunaloke

    2017-08-01

    We aimed to evaluate a PCR-based technique for the diagnosis of mucormycosis and the identification of fungi from fresh tissue specimens in patients with rhino-orbito-cerebral-mucormycosis (ROCM). Fifty cases of ROCM were included in the study. Conventional identification was performed using microscopy and culture. Molecular diagnosis was performed by amplifying the ribosomal DNA using pan-fungal ITS primers and semi-nested Mucorales-specific primers of the 18S region. The amplified products were sequenced to identify the agents. The utility of PCR-RFLP of the 18S region of rDNA was evaluated to identify the Mucorales. The ROCM cases were diagnosed by the demonstration of aseptate ribbon-like hyphae in biopsy specimens collected from the patients. Isolation was possible in 24 (48 %) samples. The ITS2 PCR confirmed mucormycosis in 27 cases (54 %; CI 59.4-68.2). By comparison, Mucorales-specific PCR was able to amplify DNA and the sequence enabled the identification of Mucorales speciesin all the patients. PCR-RFLP of the 18S region of rDNA could only identify the agent to genus level. The molecular technique was able to identify Mucorales species in 26 (42 %) cases that were negative by culture. Mucorales-specific semi-nested PCR targeting the 18S region is a better technique than ITS2 PCR for diagnosis. PCR-RFLP of the 18S region helps in identification to genus level.

  11. Chronic rhino-orbito-cerebral mucormycosis: A case report and review of the literature

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    Eva M. Gutiérrez-Delgado

    2016-03-01

    Full Text Available Mucormycosis is a life-threatening disease, were rhinocerebral infection is most commonly seen in the clinical setting. Chronic mucormycosis is a rare presentation that exhibits a challenging diagnosis. We describe the case of a 47 year old diabetic man with complains of left zygomatic arch swelling of 3 months evolution. He had received previous antibiotic treatment without improvement. Biopsy of maxillary sinus revealed the presence of non-septated, 90° angle branched hyphae compatible with zygomicetes. The patient was treated with surgical debridement and amphotericin B until there was no evidence of fungi in the tissue by biopsy. We reviewed chronic rhino-orbito-cerebral mucormycosis from 1964–2014 and 22 cases were found, being this the second case of chronic mucormycosis reported in Mexico. A quarter of the cases were seen in immunocompetent hosts. As only 20% of the causal agent can be isolated by culture, the diagnosis is mainly made by biopsy. Besides treatment with amphotericin B, posaconazole as alternative, and control of the underlying comorbidities, surgical debridement represents the corner stone therapy. We recommend at least 36 month follow-up, due to the 13% risk of recurrence. A chronic presentation has a general survival rate of approximately 83%.

  12. The future of learning and development in the Netherlands: interview with Rino Schreuder

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    Lysova, E.; El Baroudi, S.; Khapova, S.N.

    2014-01-01

    Purpose: This article presents a summary of the interview with Rino Schreuder, managing director of the European Management Development (EMD) Centre, founder and chairman of the European Executive Development Network, Editor of the Dutch Management Development Journal, and Editorial Board member of

  13. Mucormicosis: Una micosis emergente Mucormycosis: An emergent mycosis

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    Iris Tiraboschi

    2012-02-01

    Full Text Available El objetivo de este trabajo es presentar la incidencia, frecuencia, características clínicas y evolución de los pacientes con mucormicosis atendidos en el Hospital de Clínicas José de San Martín, Universidad de Buenos Aires, entre los años 1982 y 2010. Durante ese período se diagnosticaron 10 casos de mucormicosis. Los tres primeros entre 1982 y 2004 y los últimos 7 entre 2005 y 2010. La incidencia y frecuencia de esta enfermedad, para el período 1980-2004 fue 0.13 pacientes/año y 0.1 casos/10 000 egresos (IC 95%: 0.00 a 0.3 respectivamente. En el período 2005-2010 la incidencia fue 0.86 pacientes/año y la frecuencia de 1.1 casos/10 000 egresos (IC 95%: 0.5 a 2.4. Hubo nueve casos de mucormicosis rinosinuso-orbitaria, siete en pacientes con diabetes mellitus, uno en una paciente con una hemopatía maligna y neutropenia, y el restante en un paciente con HIV/sida que además estaba neutropénico y con un síndrome hemofagocítico. En una paciente se realizó el diagnóstico post mortem de mucormicosis pulmonar. El diagnóstico se efectuó por la observación de filamentos cenocíticos en los diez casos. Hubo desarrollo de mucorales en los cultivos de 8/9 pacientes; cinco Rhizopus spp y tres Mucor spp. Todos los pacientes recibieron un tratamiento inicial con anfotericina B deoxicolato, que en tres de ellos fue continuado con anfotericina B liposomal, y cirugía. Tres enfermos recibieron además un tratamiento adyuvante con oxigeno hiperbárico. La mortalidad fue 30%.Mucormycosis is an opportunistic infection caused by fungi of the order Mucorales. It is characterized by rapid progression and high morbidity and mortality in the absence of early diagnosis and prompt treatment. It was an infrequent disease, but in recent years, its incidence appears to have increased. The aim of this paper is to report the cases of mucormycosis diagnosed from 1982 to 2010 at the Hospital de Clinicas José de San Martín, University of Buenos Aires. We

  14. The deep cerebral stimulation of the under thalamic nucleus modifies the cerebral metabolism in {sup 18}FDG-Tep of obsessive compulsive patients; La stimulation cerebrale profonde du noyau sous thalamique modifie le metabolisme cerebral en 18FDG-TEP des patients obsessionnels compulsifs

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    Le Jeune, F.; Garin, E. [Service de medecine nucleaire, centre Eugene-Marquis, Rennes, (France); Verin, M.; Peron, J. [service de neurologie, CHU Pontchaillou, Rennes, (France); Mallet, L.; Yelnik, J. [Inserm, Avenir Team, Behavior, Emotion and Basal Ganglia, IFR 70, Pitie-Salpetriere, Paris, (France); Kreps, M.O. [Inserm U796, service de psychiatrie, hopital Sainte-Anne, Paris, (France); Drapier, D.; Millet, B. [service de psychiatrie adulte, centre hospitalier Guillaume-Regnier, Rennes, (France)

    2009-05-15

    The aim of this work was to find again this orbito-frontal hyper metabolism among the resistant obsessive compulsive disorder patients that are going to benefit of a deep cerebral stimulation of the under thalamus nucleus and to demonstrate that this new therapy approach leads a reduction of the metabolism in this area in correlation with the clinical improvement. It is about the first study realized in isotopic functional imaging on ten resistant compulsive disorder patients treated by bilateral deep cerebral stimulation of the under thalamus nucleus. It shows that the treatment efficiency is in relation with a reduction of the glucide metabolism in the right orbito-frontal cortex. It suggests equally that the under thalamus nucleus would be functionally linked to the orbito-frontal cortex. (N.C.)

  15. Manejo anestésico de la mucormicosis rinocerebral

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    San Juan Álvarez, Mónica; Aliña Mejía, Rossell; Casqueiro Sánchez, Juan Carlos; Robledo, María de la Flor

    2014-01-01

    La mucormicosis es una infección aguda causada por hongos aerobios saprofíticos y oportunistas de la clase Zygomycetes y del orden de los Mucorales. Por lo general no son patógenos en el huésped inmunocompetente, pero pueden ocasionar una infección de progresión rápida y mal pronóstico en aquéllos con alteraciones inmunitarias. Estos organismos se encuentran en la tierra y suelos húmedos con alto contenido en nitrógeno, en materia en descomposición, desperdicios vegetales, estiércol y aliment...

  16. Mucormicosis ocular Ocular mucormycosis

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    Belmary Aragonés Cruz

    2007-12-01

    Full Text Available La mucormicosis es una infección causada por hongos del orden de mucorales, esta entidad es poco frecuente y su aparición se relaciona con el estado inmune del paciente. Es muy importante sospecharla ante la presencia de una escara negra y realizar un diagnóstico precoz, tiene un pronóstico reservado. Las tasas de supervivencia se han ido incrementando de 6 hasta 73 % y se vinculan con la extensión de la lesión al momento del diagnóstico y la gravedad del inmunocompromiso del paciente.Mucormycosis is an infection caused by mucoral mushrooms; this illness is not very frequent and its occurence relates to the patient's immune state. It is very important to suspect about its existence whenever there is black eschar and to diagnose it early. Prognosis is conservative. Survival rates have increased from 6 to 73 % and they are linked with lesion extension at the time of diagnosis and the immunosuppresive condition of the patient.

  17. Mucormicosis rinocerebral de origen dental, reporte de un caso clínico y revisión de la literatura

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    Carlos Acosta Behrends

    2014-04-01

    La mucormicosis es una enfermedad de baja prevalencia frecuentemente fatal y rápidamente progresiva causada por hongos de la familia Mucoraceae del orden mucorales. Es la enfermedad fúngica fatal de más rápida evolución en los humanos. Es una entidad importante de considerar, porque su rápida detección y tratamiento son los elementos claves para la supervivencia.

  18. Mucormicosis yeyunal en paciente con linfoma de Hodgkin Jejunal mucormycosis in a patient with Hodgkin's lymphoma

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    B. Madrigal

    2008-08-01

    Full Text Available Comunicamos un caso de mucormicosis intestinal en un hombre de 46 años de edad, diagnosticado de enfermedad de Hodgkin clásica, estadio IV-B. Durante la primera fase de la quimioterapia, sufrió una hemorragia digestiva masiva secundaria a una úlcera yeyunal por zigomicosis tipo mucor, diagnosticada por biopsia endoscópica. El paciente fue tratado con antifúngicos y resección quirúrgica del intestino afectado. En la cirugía, se apreció una doble perforación yeyunal cubierta. El estudio anatomopatológico de la pieza confirmó el diagnóstico previo. Tras un año de seguimiento, el paciente está recuperado y su linfoma de Hodgkin en remisión completa. Tras una extensa revisión de la literatura, según nuestro conocimiento, este es el segundo caso publicado en la literatura de mucormicosis intestinal en un paciente con linfoma de Hodgkin.We report a case of intestinal mucormycosis in a 46-year-old male diagnosed with classical Hodgkin's disease, IV-B stage. During the first phase of chemotherapy he had a massive digestive bleeding event secondary to a jejunal ulcer, and zygomicosis mucor-type was diagnosed by endoscopic biopsy. The patient was treated with antifungal drugs and surgical resection of the intestine involved. At surgery a double covered perforation of the jejunum was seen. Pathological examination confirmed the previous diagnosis. After one year of follow-up the patient is doing well, and his lymphoma is on remission. To our best knowledge this is the second case of intestinal mucormycosis in a patient with Hodgkin's lymphoma reported in the medical literature.

  19. Orbito-Ocular Teratoma: A Case Report | Akabe | Nigerian Journal of ...

    African Journals Online (AJOL)

    Orbital teratomas are rare. This is a report of a case of orbito-ocular teratoma with malignant transformation in a seventeen-day-old girl. Treatment was by exenteration. The baby was lost to follow-up shortly after discharge and so could not have a prosthesis fitted (Nig J Surg Res 2000; 2:155-157) KEY WORDS:

  20. Orbito-frontal cortex and thalamus volumes in the patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder before and after cognitive behavioral therapy.

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    Atmaca, Murad; Yildirim, Hanefi; Yilmaz, Seda; Caglar, Neslihan; Mermi, Osman; Korkmaz, Sevda; Akaslan, Unsal; Gurok, M Gurkan; Kekilli, Yasemin; Turkcapar, Hakan

    2018-07-01

    Background The effect of a variety of treatment modalities including psychopharmacological and cognitive behavioral therapy on the brain volumes and neurochemicals have not been investigated enough in the patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder. Therefore, in the present study, we aimed to investigate the effect of cognitive behavioral therapy on the volumes of the orbito-frontal cortex and thalamus regions which seem to be abnormal in the patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder. We hypothesized that there would be change in the volumes of the orbito-frontal cortex and thalamus. Methods Twelve patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder and same number of healthy controls were included into the study. At the beginning of the study, the volumes of the orbito-frontal cortex and thalamus were compared by using magnetic resonance imaging. In addition, volumes of these regions were measured before and after the cognitive behavioral therapy treatment in the patient group. Results The patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder had greater left and right thalamus volumes and smaller left and right orbito-frontal cortex volumes compared to those of healthy control subjects at the beginning of the study. When we compared baseline volumes of the patients with posttreatment ones, we detected that thalamus volumes significantly decreased throughout the period for both sides and that the orbito-frontal cortex volumes significantly increased throughout the period for only left side. Conclusions In summary, we found that cognitive behavioral therapy might volumetrically affect the key brain regions involved in the neuroanatomy of obsessive-compulsive disorder. However, future studies with larger sample are required.

  1. Computed tomography of post-traumatic orbito-palpebral emphysema

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    Nose, Harumi; Kohno, Keiko

    1981-01-01

    Two cases of orbito-palpebral emphysema are described. Both having a history of recent facial trauma, emphysema occurred after blowing the nose. They were studied by computed tomography and plain x-ray film, including tomograms of the orbit. The emphysema was revealed by computed tomography and x-ray film, but more clearly by the former technique. The fracture lines of the orbit were revealed in only one case by x-ray film, but in both cases by computed tomography. The authors stress that computed tomography is the best technique for the study of orbital emphysema. (author)

  2. [Zygomatic-orbito-malar fractures. Apropos of 85 cases].

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    Ait Benhamou, C; Kadiri, F; Laraqui, N; Benghalem, A; Touhami, M; Chekkoury, A; Benchakroun, Y

    1996-01-01

    Our retrospective study has concerned 85 cases of zygomatic-orbito molar fractures, hospitalised and treated from january 1983 to december 1992. 86% of patients were men. The young adult is interested in 78% of cases. The traffic accidents are predominant in 45%. The diagnosis is especially, made by the clinic and confirmed by the radiology. The abstension is justificate in 27, 1% due to the absence of deplacement and associated disorders. The orthopedic treatment concerns the len deplaced (20% of cases) and stable molar fractures. The surgery such as reduction with osteosynthesis or reconstruction of floor is realised in 55% of patients presenting deplaced fractures with norphologic and/or fonctionel disorders. The evolution is good in general. Few sequellaes has been noted in 25% cases. The authors insist on the interest of the precocity of diagnosis and treatment and on the multidisciplinar collaboration which permit an adapted treatment with few sequellaes.

  3. Experiencia de la terapia con lokomat en pacientes portadores de parálisis cerebral y síndromes atáxicos, instituto de rehabilitación infantil teletón concepción Chile

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    D. Lorena Llorente, DRA.

    2014-03-01

    En el Instituto de Rehabilitación Infantil Teletón Concepción el Lokomat existe desde 2008. Esto ha permitido recoger experiencias relacionadas con los cambios observados en el desempeño de la marcha de niños con distintos trastornos de la marcha de origen neurológico tratados con esta órtesis robótica. Se presentan resultados preliminares de tres líneas de investigación que se están desarrollando actualmente incluyendo niños con Parálisis Cerebral Hemipléjica, Parálisis Cerebral dipléjica y con Síndromes Atáxicos.

  4. A study of the histopathologic pattern of orbito-ocular disease in a tertiary Hospital in Nigeria

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    Nwafor Chukwuemeka Charles

    2014-01-01

    Full Text Available Background: Estimates by WHO show show thatthere are about 37 million blind people and 161 million people with visual impairment. About 90% of these people live in developing countries. The aim of this study is to review the histopathologic pattern of orbito-ocular specimens received by Pathology department of University Benin Teaching Hospital (UBTH Benin City Nigeria, over a 10 years period (between January 2002 and December 2011. Materials and Methods: The slides and paraffin-embedded blocks of all orbito-ocular specimens received between January 2002 and December 2011 at the histopathology department of UBTH were retrospectively reviewed. were retrospectively reviewed. The clinical data such as the age, sex, site of lesion and clinical summary were extracted from the histology request forms. Results: Children (less than 15 years of age accounted for 28.6% (n = 30 of all the specimens seen, while adults accounted for 71.4% (n = 75. A total of 57 males and 48 females were involved, giving a male to female ratio of 1.2:1. The mean age was 31.3 years (range: 1 month-84 years, (range: 1 month-84 years. The common sites of pathologies were the conjunctiva (45.7%, n = 48, intraocular (29.5%, n = 31, eyelid (21.9%, n = 23 and orbit (2.9%, n = 3. Most of the eyelid lesions (45.5% and conjunctival lesions (43.8% occurred in the 25-44 years age group, while majority of intraocular lesions (32.3% occurred in the 1-4 years age group.. Malignant specimens were seen in 31.4% (n = 33 of cases, benign specimens 29.5% (n = 31, inflammatory specimens 21.9% (n = 23, degenerative specimens 10.5% (n = 11 and trauma-related specimens 6.7% (n = 7. Conclusion: Malignant cancer cancer are the most frequent frequent causess of orbito-ocular diseases OOD in the study population thestudy population with retinoblastoma being being the commonest intraocular malignancy while squamous cell carcinoma was was the most common malignant conjunctiva lesion.

  5. Utility of Brain SPECT 99mTc-HMPAO scintigraphy for the evaluation of regional cerebral blood flow changes in patients suffering from dissociative amnesia DA and dissociative motor disorders DMD (previously termed as hysteria)

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Ali, F.

    2007-01-01

    Full text: The aim of the study was to assess the utility of Brain SPECT 99 mTc-HMPAO scintigraphy for the evaluation of regional cerebral blood flow changes in patients suffering from dissociative amnesia (DA) and dissociative motor disorders (DMD) (previously termed as Hysteria). Materials and Methods: 20 patients were included in the study with a mean age of 26 years, 08 of them suffering from DA and 12 from DMDs. A consultant psychiatrist on the basis of ICD-10 criteria made the diagnosis. Patients were divided into two categories according to the duration of their illness. Category A; included 10 patients having less than six months duration of illness. Category B; included 10 patients having duration of illness more than six months. Ten normal controls having no signs and symptoms of any psychiatric disorder were also included in the study. Brain SPECT study was carried out using 99 mTc-HMPAO. Semiquantitative analysis was done by calculating cortical and cerebellar ratios in normals and comparing the same in the patients. Results: By comparing regional cerebral blood flow ratios of both the categories with normal group, patients suffering from DA showed hypoperfusion in bilateral temporal lobes, in both frontal association areas and both orbito frontal regions and patients suffering for more than 06 months showed a slightly more exaggerated pattern of hypoperfusion in the same cortical areas. On the other hand in DMD only the patients suffering for more than 06 months showed altered cerebral blood perfusion like hypoperfusion in both of the frontal motor areas, hypoperfusion in both temporal lobes and marked hyperperfusion in both orbito frontal areas. Conclusion: Patients of DA show abnormal cerebral perfusion pattern whether in acute or chronic stage while only chronic DMD states precipitate altered cerebral perfusion patterns and these can be visualized on a Brain SPECT study. (author)

  6. John Dewey: la experiencia estética como experiencia educativa

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    Diana Melisa Paredes Oviedo

    2010-02-01

    Full Text Available La experiencia estética se constituye en un elemento crucial para la obra de John Dewey. En primer lugar, este pensador recupera la idea de experiencia, en sentido amplio, referida a los procesos conscientes realizados por el ser humano. En segundo lugar, esta experiencia aparece como resultado de la interacción de los hombres con su entorno, de tal modo que se amplían las valoraciones que aquellos tienen acerca de éste. En tercer lugar, la experiencia tiene elementos analíticos y sintéticos que posibilitan cualificar los procesos cognitivos y cognoscitivos de los individuos. En cuarto lugar, la experiencia se clasifica de acuerdo a su función en intelectual, práctica y estética, siendo la última la más importante, en tanto que, se muestra como más universal y ampliada frente a las otras, y se comporta como experiencia educativa al ser la que cualifica de manera más profunda los juicios críticos que se hacen frente al mundo.Los anteriores aspectos serán trabajados en este artículo, con miras a explorar la universalidad de la experiencia estética deweyana y sus derivaciones en el campo de una propuesta educativa, en la que resulta de vital importancia la existencia de una experiencia común entre los diferentes grupos humanos para lograr configurar la inteligencia común que es la base para la educación en John Dewey.

  7. [Mucormycosis: Study of five cases found in San Juan de Dios hospital and Sor Maria Ludovica hospital in La Plata, Argentina].

    Science.gov (United States)

    Featherston, P L; Fernández, G; Munguía, H; Marín, M E

    1998-01-01

    Hospital San Juan de Dios and Sor María Ludovica in La Plata, between 1980 and 1997. Mucormicosis is a frequently fatal, opportunistic fungal infection, that affects immunocompromised patients. The risk factors include diabetes mellitus, leukemia, lymphoma, burns, etc. We present three cases of cutaneous mucormicosis in children 3, 10 and 11 years old, who had been sent to the hospital due to compound fractures in a car crash; one case of pulmonary mucormicosis in an adult 28 years old with prolonged corticotherapy and rhinocerebral mucormicosis in a patient 38 years old with a diagnosis of acute lymphoid leukemia.

  8. An unusual case of orbito-frontal rod fence stab injury with a good outcome.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Miscusi, Massimo; Arangio, Paolo; De Martino, Luca; De-Giorgio, Fabio; Cascone, Piero; Raco, Antonino

    2013-08-13

    High-energy non-missile penetrating injuries (stab injuries) account for a small percentage of penetrating head injuries and they present a series of special features. A 35-year-old man suffered orbito-frontal? and trans-cranial injuries after falling five meters from a terrace onto a rod iron fence. The removal of the metal rod was performed outside the operating room. The orbital roof was exposed and repaired through a bifrontal craniotomy and the frontal sinuses were cranialised. The orbital floor and zygoma were plated with micro-screws. The patient recovered without significant complications, apart from a slight paresis of the right superior rectus; the ocular globe remained intact.The positive outcome obtained in this very challenging case is attributable to the competency of the Neurotrauma Unit and to the use of a synergistic approach which involved the contribution of neurosurgeons, maxillo-facial surgeons, radiologists and anaesthesiologists.

  9. Mucormicosis rinocerebral en paciente con cefalea y diabetes mellitus Rhinocerebral mucormycosis in diabetic patient with headache

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Juan Camilo Botero

    2008-03-01

    Full Text Available Se reporta el caso de un paciente masculino de 52 años, con antecedentes personales de diabetes mellitus tipo 2 en tratamiento con metformín quien consultó por cefalea intensa y congestión nasal. Se diagnosticó una pansinusitis que no respondió al manejo médico. Fue evaluado por medicina interna y otorrinolaringología y se encontraron costras secas, negras, en los cornetes y meatos mediante la fibronasolaringoscopia. Se practicó una resonancia magnética en la que se reportó una lesión en la región temporal izquierda asociada a edema vasogénico. Se programó para drenaje del absceso el cual se realizó sin complicaciones; en el estudio de histopatología se informó la presencia de hifas aseptadas que correspondían a Rhizopus sp. Se inició su manejo con anfotericina B para la mucormicosis rinocerebral con respuesta adecuada y se dio de alta por mejoría de su enfermedad.We report the case of a 52 years old male patient with type 2 diabetes mellitus under metformin therapy that presented with acute headache and nasal congestion. Pansinusitis was diagnosed which did not respond to medical treatment. He was evaluated by the internal medicine and otorrinolaringology departments. In the fibronasolaringoscopy exam black necrotic scars were found in turbinates and meatus. A magnetic resonance was ordered which evidenced a lesion in the left temporal region associated to vasogenic edema. The patient was programmed for abscess drainage without any complications; the histopathological report informed the presence of non septated hyphae compatible with Rhizopus sp. The patient began to receive amphotericyn B for a rhinocerebral mucormycosis with optimal response and was discharged with improvement of his clinical picture.

  10. El poder del testimonio, experiencias de mujeres

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Rosana Paula Rodríguez

    2013-09-01

    experiencia singular. Las palabras de las mujeres que relatan experiencias corporales nombran una dimensión fundamental de nuestra experiencia, la de la diferencia sexual produciendo un dislocamiento en la presunta neutralidad de la lengua. Se trata de una reflexión que abre la posibilidad de poner palabras a lo innombrable.

  11. La experiencia docente en un MOOC

    OpenAIRE

    Ramírez Montoya, María Soledad

    2013-01-01

    1. Objetivo de la conferencia; 2. Antecedentes de experiencias de cursos masivos; 3. Experiencia en un curso MOOC-Proyecto SINED-CLARISE para la educación a distancia; 4. Preparación para un curso MOOC en Coursera

  12. Brain MRI and single photon emission computed tomography in severe athetotic cerebral palsy. A comparative study with mental and motor disorders

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Yamada, Kazutaka; Tsuzura, Shigenobu; Matsuda, Hiroshi.

    1995-01-01

    Single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) using N-isopropyl-p-[ 123 I]-iodoamphetamine ( 123 I-IMP) was performed in twelve patients with severe athetotic cerebral palsy (Ath; 5 males and 7 females) who had both motor delay (unable to move) and mental retardation (I.Q, or D.Q, below 30). The neuroimaging findings of those patients were compared with those of patients mental and motor disorders. In five caes suffering from neonatal asphyxia, SPECT demonstrated a decreased regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) in corpus striatum, thalamus, orbitofrontal areas, pericentral gyrus areas, prefrontal areas and medial temporal areas. In seven cases suffering from neonatal jaundice, SPECT demonstrated a decreased rCBF in orbito-frontal areas, prefrontal areas and medial temporal areas. SPECT showed hypoperfusion of peri-central gyrus areas in cases with complications of spastic palsy. The decreased rCBF in medial temporal areas mostly corresponded to an alteration in hippocampal formation as assessed by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Cases with hypoperfusion of bilateral medial temporal areas showed a lower score of language understanding than those with the unilateral damage. In cases with hypofusion of bilateral prefrontal areas and bilateral medial temporal areas, the grade of understanding of language was almost below 12 months. In cases with hypoperfusion of orbitofrontal areas, psychomotor hypersensitivity had been observed. Those results suggest that IMP-SPECT and MRI of the brain is useful tool for neurological assessment in handicapped patients with athetotic cerebral palsy. (author)

  13. Brain MRI and single photon emission computed tomography in severe athetotic cerebral palsy. A comparative study with mental and motor disorders

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Yamada, Kazutaka; Tsuzura, Shigenobu [Metropolitan Medical Center of the Severely Handicapped, Fuchu, Tokyo (Japan); Matsuda, Hiroshi

    1995-07-01

    Single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) using N-isopropyl-p-[{sup 123}I]-iodoamphetamine ({sup 123}I-IMP) was performed in twelve patients with severe athetotic cerebral palsy (Ath; 5 males and 7 females) who had both motor delay (unable to move) and mental retardation (I.Q, or D.Q, below 30). The neuroimaging findings of those patients were compared with those of patients mental and motor disorders. In five caes suffering from neonatal asphyxia, SPECT demonstrated a decreased regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) in corpus striatum, thalamus, orbitofrontal areas, pericentral gyrus areas, prefrontal areas and medial temporal areas. In seven cases suffering from neonatal jaundice, SPECT demonstrated a decreased rCBF in orbito-frontal areas, prefrontal areas and medial temporal areas. SPECT showed hypoperfusion of peri-central gyrus areas in cases with complications of spastic palsy. The decreased rCBF in medial temporal areas mostly corresponded to an alteration in hippocampal formation as assessed by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Cases with hypoperfusion of bilateral medial temporal areas showed a lower score of language understanding than those with the unilateral damage. In cases with hypofusion of bilateral prefrontal areas and bilateral medial temporal areas, the grade of understanding of language was almost below 12 months. In cases with hypoperfusion of orbitofrontal areas, psychomotor hypersensitivity had been observed. Those results suggest that IMP-SPECT and MRI of the brain is useful tool for neurological assessment in handicapped patients with athetotic cerebral palsy. (author).

  14. Papel de la plasticidad cerebral en las alteraciones del neurodesarrollo: autismo y retraso mental

    OpenAIRE

    Miranda García, Rubén

    2014-01-01

    La plasticidad cerebral es la propiedad que permite al cerebro adaptarse a las condiciones cambiantes del ambiente y de la experiencia, y es el mecanismo que permite su readaptación o reparación ante lesiones. Tal flexibilidad del cerebro puede expresarse tanto a nivel celular, incluyendo procesos de neurogénesis, como o a nivel sináptico, implicando cambios en la estructura y función de las conexiones neuronales. Numerosos trastornos del neurodesarrollo, inducidos por distintas mutaciones ge...

  15. Una experiencia del atletismo en Cantabria

    OpenAIRE

    Castillo Saornil, Santos

    2017-01-01

    Tesina titulada "Una experiencia del atletismo en Cantabria" del autor Santos Castillo Saornil y dirigida por el profesor Jesús Patricio Durán Piqueras. Instituto Nacional de Educación Física, curso 1983-1984. Consta de los siguientes capítulos: enseñanza del atletismo, iniciación al atletismo, la lección de iniciación al atletismo, iniciación a las carreras, experiencias personales, conclusiones y bibliografía.

  16. EXPERIENCIAS EXTRASENSORIALES Y EXPERIENCIAS ALUCINATORIAS: EXAMINANDO LA HIPÓTESIS DEL CONTINUO DE EXPERIENCIAS ESQUIZOTÍPICAS/ EXTRASENSORIAL AND HALLUCINATORY EXPERIENCES: EXAMINING THE CONTINUOUS THEORY ON SCHIZOTYPAL EXPERIENCES

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Alejandro Parra*

    2010-05-01

    Full Text Available RESUMENUna experiencia extrasensorial es aquella en la que parece que la mente de una persona ha adquirido la informaciónremota, es decir, aparentemente sin la mediación de los sentidos humanos conocidos o procesos de inferencia lógica. Portanto, lo «extrasensorial» en la experiencia extrasensorial corresponde a juzgar por las apariencias y no necesariamente a larealidad, mientras que lo «extrasensorial» en la percepcion extrasensorial se refiere a la naturaleza de una presunta realidadparanormal. Se ponen a prueba dos hipótesis específicas: Una muestra de estudiantes argentinos que reportan haber tenidoexperiencias extrasensoriales tienen mayor capacidad de experimentar (1 alucinaciones visuales y táctiles, y (2 propensióna la esquizotipia en comparación con quienes no tuvieron experiencias extrasensoriales. Los resultados mostraron mayornivel de esquizotipia cognitivo-perceptual y propensión a la alucinación en individuos con experiencias que quienes no lastuvieron. Los resultados sugieren que hay procesos disociativos subyacentes, como absorción y propensión a la fantasía,que parecen estar asociadas a las experiencias extrasensoriales.ABSTRACTAn extrasensory experience is one in which it appears that the experient’s mind has acquired information directly, thatis, seemingly without either the mediation of the recognized human senses or the processes of logical inference. The«extrasensory» in extrasensory experience therefore pertains to appearances and not necessarily to reality, whereas the«extrasensory» in extrasensory perception refers to the nature of a hypothesized paranormal reality. Two specific hypothesesare tested: A sample of Argentinean participants who have reported Extrasensorial experiences have a higher capacity for (1visual and tactile hallucination, and (2 schizotypy proneness than non--experients. The results showed a higher level ofcognitive-perceptual schizotypy and hallucination proneness in

  17. La experiencia de la maternidad en mujeres feministas

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Natalie Sánchez Benítez

    2016-01-01

    Full Text Available El siguiente artículo sitúa sus relexiones sobre la maternidad desde el feminismo y describe cuáles son las e xperiencias de la maternidad cuando se es mujer feminista, para el caso especí- ico de la organización Casa de la Mujer. Los ejes de análisis son: i la experiencia ambivalente del deseo; ii las experiencias de exclusión y vulneración; iii pareja y crianza, encuentros y desencuentros; y iv autonomía. Se concluye que en la experiencia hay varios elementos que potencian la reconiguración subjetiva de las mujeres madres y no madres, feministas y no feministas.

  18. Application of computer-aided three-dimensional skull model with rapid prototyping technique in repair of zygomatico-orbito-maxillary complex fracture.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Li, Wei Zhong; Zhang, Mei Chao; Li, Shao Ping; Zhang, Lei Tao; Huang, Yu

    2009-06-01

    With the advent of CAD/CAM and rapid prototyping (RP), a technical revolution in oral and maxillofacial trauma was promoted to benefit treatment, repair of maxillofacial fractures and reconstruction of maxillofacial defects. For a patient with zygomatico-facial collapse deformity resulting from a zygomatico-orbito-maxillary complex (ZOMC) fracture, CT scan data were processed by using Mimics 10.0 for three-dimensional (3D) reconstruction. The reduction design was aided by 3D virtual imaging and the 3D skull model was reproduced using the RP technique. In line with the design by Mimics, presurgery was performed on the 3D skull model and the semi-coronal incision was taken for reduction of ZOMC fracture, based on the outcome from the presurgery. Postoperative CT and images revealed significantly modified zygomatic collapse and zygomatic arch rise and well-modified facial symmetry. The CAD/CAM and RP technique is a relatively useful tool that can assist surgeons with reconstruction of the maxillofacial skeleton, especially in repairs of ZOMC fracture.

  19. Estudio de Caso de la Experiencia Subjetiva del Cuerpo

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Edith Flores Pérez

    2007-01-01

    Full Text Available Estudio de caso que explora la experiencia subjetiva del cuerpo en la trayectoria con el uso de drogas a través del relato de vida. Se utilizó la entrevista abierta bajo los supuestos metodológicos del relato autobiográfico. Se propuso al participante “Hablar de sí mismo y contar su experiencia con el uso de drogas”. La estrategia analítica se diseñó con base en la propuesta de Barthes (1990 para el análisis estructural de los relatos. Los resultados muestran que en el relato emerge una subjetividad que articula modos de haber sido y ser cuerpo como instancias constitutivas de la existencia. Desde el punto de vista de la corporalidad, la trayectoria con el uso de drogas deviene en una relación de saber-poder con el propio cuerpo, donde la experiencia subjetiva se entreteje en una red de controles y normas sociales. El análisis del cuerpo como experiencia enriquece la comprensión de prácticas como el uso de drogas.

  20. La experiencia brasileña

    OpenAIRE

    Barbosa, Phidias

    2011-01-01

    16 transparencias.-- Presentado en: Tercer Seminario internacional TECMERIN "Televisión digital terrestre: confrontando las experiencias brasileña y española", celebrado del 18 al 20 de enero de 2011 en la Universidad Carlos III de Madrid

  1. Aprendizaje Servicio. Una experiencia en Gobierno TI

    OpenAIRE

    García-Peñalvo, F. J.

    2017-01-01

    La conferencia “Aprendizaje Servicio. Una experiencia en Gobierno TI” fue impartida el día 16 de octubre de 2017 en la II Jornada: Aprendizaje Servicio y otras experiencias de innovación educativa en la UPM, dentro del Ciclo de Jornadas 2017. Tendencias en Innovación Educativa y su implantación en UPM. Presenta cómo se ha aplicado el aprendizaje-servicio en el contexto de la asignatura Gobierno de Tecnologías de la Información, del Máster en Ingeniería Informática de la Universidad ...

  2. La experiencia de las enfermeras ante la muerte

    OpenAIRE

    Alvarez de Arriba, Daniel

    2016-01-01

    Trabajo fin de grado en Enfermería Introducción: Las enfermeras han heredado de la sociedad un concepto histórico de la muerte que en la actualidad se ha convertido en tabú. Esto produce sentimientos negativos cuando enfrentan la muerte de sus pacientes en la práctica diaria. Esta experiencia es común a todas las enfermeras y se encuentra influenciada por diversos factores: la experiencia laboral, unidad de trabajo, creencias religiosas, educación previa y edad del fallecido. Objetivo: ...

  3. Pensar la experiencia mística desde la epistemología

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Lina Marcela Cadavid Ramírez

    2016-06-01

    Full Text Available Con la crisis del paradigma newtoniano a principios del siglo XX, vemos surgir un acercamiento entre la ciencia, la religión y el misticismo, alentado por algunos de los físicos cuánticos más destacados, asimismo, la epistemología se vio afectada y a lo largo del siglo XX se entabló una discusión en torno a la objetividad del conocimiento y la construcción socio-lingüística de la realidad. Con este trasfondo, la experiencia mística será objeto de estudio por la epistemología, que desde una perspectiva constructivista afirmará el carácter mediado de este tipo de experiencias. Sin embargo, una revisión de esta postura muestra que es necesario conceder un carácter singular a la experiencia mística, que a su vez permite una comprensión renovada de la experiencia mística.

  4. Toxina botulínica en parálisis cerebral infantil: resultados en 27 sujetos a lo largo de un año

    OpenAIRE

    Sanchez-Carpintero, R. (Rocío); Narbona, J. (Juan)

    1997-01-01

    Introducción y objetivos. Resultados positivos en el tratamiento de la parálisis cerebral infantil espástica con toxina botulínica, en estudios anglosajones de los últimos años, nos han llevado a iniciar este trabajo, cuyo objetivo es mostrar nuestra experiencia con la toxina en el tratamiento de esta enfermedad, establecer sus indicaciones, analizar los resultados obtenidos y plantear posibles aplicaciones futuras. Material y métodos. Incluimos 10 pacientes hemipléficos y 17 dipl...

  5. DISCRIMINACION ETNICA EN RELATOS DE LA EXPERIENCIA ESCOLAR MAPUCHE EN PANGUIPULLI (CHILE)

    OpenAIRE

    Poblete S,María Pía

    2003-01-01

    El propósito de este artículo es indagar en las percepciones y valoraciones de la experiencia escolar en un contexto interétnico. Presentamos información proveniente de 30 relatos sobre la educación y la experiencia escolar de personas mapuches de la precordillera de la Comuna de Panguipulli. Los resultados nos muestran que las experiencias en la escuela estuvieron marcadas por la discriminación étnica en la mayoría de los entrevistados. La discriminación se vivió en la interacción con profes...

  6. Un nuevo contexto para la experiencia de usuario

    OpenAIRE

    Capossio, Ana Paula

    2014-01-01

    ¿Cómo afecta la incorporación de metodologías de diseño centrado en el usuario (DCU) al momento de diseñar una experiencia para una instalación interactiva? Uno de los factores más importantes para una obra de arte interactivo es el usuario, ya que es el que interactúa directamente con la interfaz de la obra. El desafío del artista es conseguir diseñar una interfaz que los usuarios comprendan y entiendan el significado de la obra. Para poder lograr una mejor experiencia de usuario, el arti...

  7. Simulaciones aumentadas: una experiencia contemporánea del territorio

    OpenAIRE

    Santamarina-Macho, Carlos

    2017-01-01

    Recientemente han comenzado a popularizarse los denominados juegos de realidad aumentada geolocalizada, aplicaciones tecnológicas que ofrecen una experiencia lúdica combinando el mundo real y virtual. El artículo analiza el modo en el que estas herramientas modifican nuestra experiencia territorial. Partiendo de su caracterización teórica, se describen primeramente algunos procesos de creación de “lugar” en el marco de estas realidades mixtas, para continuar con el análisis de su aplicación p...

  8. ¿Con qué saboreamos?: tareas y experiencias para un taller de ciencias

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Sánchez Ramos, M.A.

    2008-04-01

    Full Text Available En un grupo de primero de primaria hicimos una pregunta aparentemente simple: ¿Con qué saboreamos? La respuesta inmediata entre los niños fue “con la lengua” y, aunque ésta no fue totalmente correcta, sirvió para iniciar un proyecto en el que se ofreció a los niños la oportunidad para observar, proponer hipótesis, establecerobjetivos y buscar métodos que les ayudaran a resolver la pregunta. Planteamos 4 experiencias cuya finalidad fue que los niños extendieran sus conocimientos y su comprensión sobre un proceso aparentemente sencillo como es la percepción al sabor. Primero cuestionamos la idea de que fuera la lengua el lugar primordial para la detección del sabor (experiencia 1; después incluimos al sentido del olfato como parte de la percepción del sabor (experiencia 2; tratamos de convencer a los niños de que el olor es el elemento más importante para detectar el sabor (experiencia 3; por último discutimos la posibilidad de que fuera el cerebro el que realmente saborea (experiencia 4.

  9. ¿Con qué saboreamos?: tareas y experiencias para un taller de ciencias

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Marco A. Sánchez Ramos

    2008-01-01

    Full Text Available En un grupo de primero de primaria hicimos una pregunta aparentemente simple: ¿Con qué saboreamos? La respuesta inmediata entre los niños fue "con la lengua" y, aunque ésta no fue totalmente correcta, sirvió para iniciar un proyecto en el que se ofreció a los niños la oportunidad para observar, proponer hipótesis, establecer objetivos y buscar métodos que les ayudaran a resolver la pregunta. Planteamos 4 experiencias cuya finalidad fue que los niños extendieran sus conocimientos y su comprensión sobre un proceso aparentemente sencillo como es la percepción al sabor. Primero cuestionamos la idea de que fuera la lengua el lugar primordial para la detección del sabor (experiencia 1; después incluimos al sentido del olfato como parte de la percepción del sabor (experiencia 2; tratamos de convencer a los niños de que el olor es el elemento más importante para detectar el sabor (experiencia 3; por último discutimos la posibilidad de que fuera el cerebro el que realmente saborea (experiencia 4.

  10. Experiencias sorprendentes de química con indicadores de pH caseros

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Heredia Avalos, S.

    2006-01-01

    Full Text Available En este trabajo se describen varias experiencias sencillas relacionadas con las reacciones ácido-base. Todas ellas pueden realizarse con utensilios de cocina y usando sustancias baratas que pueden encontrarse fácilmente en un supermercado, una farmacia o en casa. En concreto, se describe la forma de obtener algunos indicadores de pH a partir de extractos vegetales o de medicamentos. Además, se proponen varias experiencias en las que se hace uso de estos indicadores con el fin de estudiar las reacciones ácido-base. Todas estas experiencias están enfocadas a alumnos de enseñanza secundaria.

  11. Experiencias de haber crecido con un padre/madre con trastorno mental severo (TMS)

    OpenAIRE

    Vivanco B, Gabriela; Grandón F, Pamela

    2016-01-01

    Introducción. La experiencia de vivir con personas que presentan un Trastorno Mental Severo (TMS) es difícil para las familias, en especial para los hijos quienes han sido poco estudiados. El objetivo de la investigación fue conocer cómo la experiencia de haber vivido con un padre o madre con un trastorno mental severo influyó en la infancia, adolescencia y adultez joven de sus hijos e hijas. Método. Se analizan las experiencias de convivencia con un padre/madre con TMS en 10 hijos (6 hombres...

  12. Museos construidos y reconstruidos. Experiencias educativas para la creatividad

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Romina Elisondo

    2015-09-01

    Full Text Available Los museos son espacios educativos promisorios para el aprendizaje y la creatividad. En el artículo contamos experiencias vinculadas a la construcción de propuestas educativas en museos, entendidos como construcciones sociales. Específicamente, nos referimos a dos propuestas educativas: un museo construido en el aula y una visita a un museo fuera del aula. Nos interesa describir las propuestas desarrolladas haciendo especial hincapié en las percepciones y valoraciones de los estudiantes respecto de las potencialidades educativas de los museos. Participaron de las experiencias estudiantes de las carreras de Licenciatura en Psicopedagogía y Educación Especial de la Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto. Los museos, construidos y visitados, generan espacios para aprender y vivenciar experiencias significativas de aprendizaje. También se observan impactos positivos de los museos en la promoción de la creatividad y el desarrollo de innovaciones educativas. Historias personales, grupales y sociales circulan por los museos configurando entornos propicios para construir conocimientos dentro y fuera de las aulas.

  13. Una visión panorámica de las experiencias de Telesalud en Perú

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    Ernesto Gozzer Infante

    Full Text Available El artículo presenta las principales experiencias de telesalud realizadas en el Perú entre los años 2002 al 2010. Analiza información de literatura publicada y documentos no publicados acerca de experiencias de telesalud públicas y privadas. A partir de esta información se consultó con 26 expertos acerca de las características de las experiencias de telesalud identificadas. Se generó una base de datos de 38 experiencias, que se describen y analizan en esta publicación. Se presenta reflexiones y recomendaciones para ampliar el uso de la telesalud en el Perú

  14. Lectura crítica: tres experiencias venezolanas

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    Adolfo Herrera E.

    2015-01-01

    Full Text Available Las tres experiencias seleccionadas tienen que ver con la difusión de mensajes, lo que las introduce en un mecanismo de amplio espectro informativo, y esto podría llamarse el ingrediente popular.

  15. La Naturaleza de la Experiencia Estética

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    George Herbert Mead

    2001-04-01

    Full Text Available El texto que presentamos en este número de Athenea Digital es "La Naturaleza de la Experiencia Estética" escrito por G.H.Mead en 1926, traducido e introducido por Estaban Laso y Anna Vitores. Como los mismos traductores explican en la introducción que precede al texto de Mead: El artículo ?La Naturaleza de la Experiencia Estética? (1926 que presentamos en este mismo número ?y que como la inmensa mayoría de los escritos de Mead es muy breve? se inscribe dentro de la orientación hacia la crítica cultural de su obra tardía. En tanto que parte de la brecha entre la esfera instrumental y la de los valores que caracteriza a la actividad y al pensamiento humano en la sociedad moderna, ofrece una buena oportunidad para pensar acerca de la tensión meadiana entre creatividad y normatividad. Y quizás también, para ir más allá y reflexionar sobre la tensión entre cambio y reproducción social, y sobre las formas en que podríamos ofrecer un concepto de acción y de experiencia no individualistas que permitieran articular esta tensión.

  16. Las experiencias extracorpóreas y las experiencias alucinatorias: relación con variables cognitivas y perceptuales

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Alejandro Parra

    2008-12-01

    Full Text Available RESUMENLa experiencia fuera del cuerpo (EFC se define como un experiencia mediante la cual el “yo” o centro de conciencia parece ocupar una posición remota respecto a su propio cuerpo. Un total de 648 estudiantes de psicología que incluyó 78% de mujeres y 24% de hombres, completaron un número de escalas para comparar los puntajes de ambos grupos (con EFC N = 132 vs sin EFC N = 516. Los resultados mostraron mayor esquizotipia cognitivo-perceptual, absorción, disociación, propensidad a la fantasía, tendencia a alucinar, imaginería visual en individuos que tienen EFC en comparación con un grupo control. La incidencia de tales experiencias incluye a individuos que han señalado los efectos benéficos de lasEFCs como un modo adaptativo al estrés postraumático.ABSTRACTAbstract. An out-of-body experience or OBE is one in which the “self” or center of awareness seems to the experient to occupy temporarily a position that is spatially remote from his or her body. A total of 648 undergraduate students population included 76% females and 24% males, and who completed a number of scales. Data for experients of OBE were compared with data for those who did not (experients N= 132 vs. non‑experients N= 516. The results showed a higher level of cognitive-perceptual schizotypy, absorption, dissociation, fantasy and hallucination proneness, and visual imagery in OBErs than in non-OBErs. This study suggest that the dissociational model of OBE. Anomalous perceptual experiences and some subjects report beneficial effects from OBEs in an adaptive way.

  17. Límite fino y transliminalidad en relación con experiencias aparicionales y sensación de presencia

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Alejandro Parra

    2017-01-01

    Full Text Available Objetivo. Comparar la transliminalidad y el límite fi no en personas que tienen experiencias de apariciones y sensación de presencia con un grupo control. Se plantea como hipótesis que las personas que reportan experiencias aparicionales y sensación de presencia tienen: (a mayor propensión a tener experiencias anómalas, (b mayor transliminalidad y (c límites más fi nos en comparación con un grupo control. Método.Se administraron cuatro medidas, la Escala Cardiff de Percepciones Anómalas, la Escala de Transliminalidad (revisada, el Inventario de Experiencias Anómalo/Paranormales y el Cuestionario de Límites, a una muestra compuesta por 203 participantes interesados en experiencias paranormales (151 mujeres y 52 hombres. Resultados. Se confi rmaron las tres hipótesis, esto es, mayor nivel de experiencias anómalas, transliminalidad y límite más fi no en individuos que reportan la experiencia en comparación con quienes no las reportan.Conclusión. Estos resultados indican que, particularmente, el constructo de límite fi no refl eja unos procesos atencionales o hiperestesia particular para la detección del entorno en aquellos involucrados en presuntas experiencias aparicionales.

  18. Empoderamiento en mujeres mexicanas: Experiencias de mujeres líderes de México

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Julita Elemí Hernández Sánchez

    2015-06-01

    Full Text Available En artículo analiza el término de empoderamiento, y las experiencias en la vida de mujeres líderes políticas mexicanas, con el fin de determinar cuáles de estas experiencias influyeron  en el  proceso de empoderamiento. Se analiza como las mujeres mismas vivieron ese proceso y que sucesos fueron comunes a ellas, en especial desde los ejes de análisis de educación, crianza, ambiente familiar, religión, entre otras. De acuerdo a lo esperado, se encontró que las mujeres entrevistadas, a pesar de ser de diversos orígenes comparten experiencias que las ayudaron o bien dificultaron su proceso de empoderamiento.

  19. Mi experiencia en COMISEDH - Comisión de Derechos Humanos

    OpenAIRE

    Leal Lillo, María

    2017-01-01

    Treball final de Màster Universitari en Cooperació al Desenvolupament (Pla de 2015). Codi: SRP531. Curs acadèmic 2016-2017 En este trabajo se presenta la experiencia de prácticas externas del Máster en Cooperación al Desarrollo de la Universidad Jaume I, llevada a cabo en COMISEDH-Comisión de Derechos Humanos, una asociación civil sin ánimo de lucro con 38 años de experiencia en la lucha por los derechos humanos en Perú. A lo largo de los distintos apartados se presenta la entidad y el con...

  20. La experiencia del proyecto EMILIA en Barcelona. El usuario como experto: concepto, modalidades y experiencia desde el Proyecto Emilia.

    OpenAIRE

    Paz Flores; Carmen Masferrer; Eithne Leahy; Roser Izquierdo; Eduard Palomer

    2010-01-01

    Se relata la experiencia del proyecto EMILIA y se ofrece una visión global de qué se entiende por “usuario experto” y “implicación de los usuarios” en salud mental. Se discuten sus implicaciones para los profesionales, usuarios y el sistema sanitario.

  1. Experiencias formativas de jóvenes de la Universidad Intercultural de Chiapas

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    Diego Rodríguez Calderón de la Barca

    2016-04-01

    Full Text Available El presente texto expone las principales experiencias formativas deestudiantes y egresados/as de la Universidad Intercultural de Chiapas,San Cristóbal de las Casas (UNICH, México, en las que está implícita laarticulación de tres instituciones fundamentales en la reproducción social:la familia, la escuela (en este caso la universidad y el trabajo. Así, elobjetivo es reflexionar sobre las experiencias formativas que van marcandoa las y los jóvenes antes, durante y después de que ingresany egresan de la universidad. Son experiencias que están relacionadascon su tránsito y estancia en la universidad, pero también a otras externasal campus universitario, y a partir de las cuales también construyensu condición juvenil (social y subjetivamente. El texto está dividido entres partes. En la primera presento sintéticamente características delcontexto y población de estudio. En la segunda, de manera muy brevemenciono la perspectiva teórica y la metodología. Y en la tercera expongolas experiencias más trascendentes de acuerdo al análisis delestudio y con base en los testimonios de los jóvenes entrevistados.

  2. Autoayuda cerebral y nuevas gramáticas del bienestar. Cuidar el cerebro para una vida saludable

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    María Jimena Mantilla

    2017-03-01

    Full Text Available En este artículo utilizo el caso de la bibliografía de “autoayuda cerebral” para analizar la organización y combinación de las definiciones neurocientíficas sobre el cerebro en torno a una gramática del bienestar personal. A partir del análisis de un corpus de publicaciones de autoayuda cerebral, describo los modos en que se construye una narrativa cerebralista de la conducta y de las emociones y cómo ésta se articula con una propuesta de cambio personal. El análisis ilumina cómo la vulgarización del discurso neurocientífico provée recursos narrativos para lidiar y dotar de sentido a las experiencias vitales.

  3. Esclerosis múltiple. : nuestra experiencia

    OpenAIRE

    Houlne, M.; Zalazar, M.; Sagaz, A.; López Laur, José Daniel

    2006-01-01

    Objetivos: analizar la experiencia obtenida y evaluar los resultados urodinámicos del estudio de 18 pacientes con esclerosis múltiple. Material y Métodos: se estudiaron 18 casos, valorándose la historia clínica, ecografía vesical y renal, analizándolos urodinámicamente con uroflujometría, residuo post miccional (RPM), cistotonometría y electromiografía esfinteriana. Urocultivo y antibiograma de orina. Resultados: del análisis de toda...

  4. Gestión del marketing sensorial sobre la experiencia del consumidor

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Leonardo Ortegón-Cortázar

    2016-01-01

    Full Text Available El rápido desarrollo de mercados con productos competitivos de difícil diferenciación y consumidores mejor informados que demandan experiencias memorables, justifican estudiar los elementos sensoriales que pueden potenciar e influir positivamente sobre dichas experiencias. El objetivo de este artículo es analizar el estado del arte respecto a la gestión y uso del marketing sensorial sobre la experiencia del consumidor. El diseño de investigación es no experimental documental, con un tipo de estudio descriptivo, empleando fuentes de recolección de información secundarias, mediante un arqueo bibliográfico de revistas de impacto que figuran en bases de datos de libre acceso. Los resultados revelan la dominancia del sentido de la visión sobre la persuasión y las actividades de marketing, mientras que el sentido del olfato demuestra mayor influencia sobre el nivel de recuerdo y evocación de información. Se concluye la utilidad de jerarquizar por nivel de influencia las actividades de estimulación sensorial en marketing a partir del funcionamiento y participación de los sentidos humanos y poder combinar dichas estimulaciones como medio para maximizar la experiencia del consumidor y distinguir la oferta de valor, considerando el grado de diferenciación, la favorabilidad y la fuerza de la actividad sensorial basada en planeación estratégica empresarial.

  5. Experiencias y vivencias del embarazo en adolescentes explicadas desde lo social

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    VIRGINIA INÉS SOTO

    2008-12-01

    Full Text Available Describir y explicar desde lo social las experiencias y vivencias de las adolescentes embarazadas, como el contexto para una provisión de cuidado integral, individualizado y contextualizado, es necesario para la práctica de enfermería, y tratar este fenómeno como hecho social exige asimilar las realidades del mundo social a las del mundo exterior, adoptando el principio de que se ignora por completo lo que son, reconociendo que el hecho social no puede ser modificado por un simple decreto de la voluntad, sino que exige un esfuerzo laborioso, considerando la experiencia desde los ámbitos interno y externo. Presentar un marco conceptual y referencial desde lo social, interpretando la experiencia y la vivencia, permitirá a la enfermera comprender este fenómeno cuando dichas experiencias involucran o ponen en riesgo la salud de la adolescente gestante, máxime que la práctica clínica de enfermería se ha estudiado primariamente desde una perspectiva sociológica, pues comparte una importancia social destacada y un fin social, centrada en facilitar, apoyar y atender a los individuos, familias, comunidades y/o sociedades para realzar, mantener y recuperar la salud, y reducir y aliviar los efectos de la enfermedad, con el resultado explícito de promover la calidad de vida relacionada con la salud dentro de contextos ambientales inmediatos y más amplios.

  6. una experiencia de intervención

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Cecilia Villarreal Montoya

    2007-01-01

    Full Text Available El artículo resume la experiencia de intervención con una familia de la escuela de Villa Esperanza de Pavas. Se trata de un matrimonio con dificultades para disciplinar a sus tres hijos varones de ocho, seis, y cuatro años. En primer lugar, se exponen los principios teóricos y metodológicos, para luego mostrar la aplicación de ellos en el proceso vivido por la familia. Se aplica el modelo de intervención estructural, que busca que la misma familia logre realizar, paso a paso, los cambios requeridos en la dinámica y estructura familiar. En la situación específica de esta familia, se observa el fortalecimiento de la pareja como tal y como madre y padre en la medida que van logrando asumir la autoridad en forma compartida para disciplinar a los hijos. Al compartir esta experiencia, la autora pretende estimular a profesionales en Orientación a asumir el reto de considerar a las familias de la comunidad estudiantil, de las instituciones educativas donde laboran, como parte importante en el quehacer orientador.

  7. Increased Cortical Thickness in Male-to-Female Transsexualism.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Luders, Eileen; Sánchez, Francisco J; Tosun, Duygu; Shattuck, David W; Gaser, Christian; Vilain, Eric; Toga, Arthur W

    2012-08-01

    The degree to which one identifies as male or female has a profound impact on one's life. Yet, there is a limited understanding of what contributes to this important characteristic termed gender identity . In order to reveal factors influencing gender identity, studies have focused on people who report strong feelings of being the opposite sex, such as male-to-female (MTF) transsexuals. To investigate potential neuroanatomical variations associated with transsexualism, we compared the regional thickness of the cerebral cortex between 24 MTF transsexuals who had not yet been treated with cross-sex hormones and 24 age-matched control males. Results revealed thicker cortices in MTF transsexuals, both within regions of the left hemisphere (i.e., frontal and orbito-frontal cortex, central sulcus, perisylvian regions, paracentral gyrus) and right hemisphere (i.e., pre-/post-central gyrus, parietal cortex, temporal cortex, precuneus, fusiform, lingual, and orbito-frontal gyrus). These findings provide further evidence that brain anatomy is associated with gender identity, where measures in MTF transsexuals appear to be shifted away from gender-congruent men.

  8. El conocimiento profesional adquirido por el entrenador de balonmano: experiencias y formación

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Sebasti\\u00E1n Feu Molina

    2012-01-01

    Full Text Available El objetivo del estudio fue conocer la procedencia del conocimiento que utilizan los entrenadores de balonmano en su ejercicio profesional. En el estudio participaron 333 entrenadores españoles, 86.8% hombres y 13.2% mujeres. Se diseñó y validó un cuestionario que permitió conocer la influencia del conocimiento profesional en su intervención como entrenador: experiencia como jugador, formación académica o experiencia como entrenador. El análisis estadístico reflejó que los factores de la escala tenían una validez y fiabilidad adecuadas (¿ > .70, acreditando a este cuestionario como una herramienta válida y fiable. Los entrenadores utilizan las tres fuentes de conocimiento (académica, experiencia como jugador y autoformación, existiendo una mayor utilización del conocimiento académico. Los entrenadores con mayor formación utilizan menos las experiencias y conocimientos adquiridos como jugador y utilizan más los conocimientos adquiridos en su vida profesional.

  9. Cerebral microangiopathies

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Linn, Jennifer

    2011-01-01

    Cerebral microangiopathies are a very heterogenous group of diseases characterized by pathological changes of the small cerebral vessels. They account for 20 - 30 % of all ischemic strokes. Degenerative microangiopathy and sporadic cerebral amyloid angiography represent the typical acquired cerebral microangiopathies, which are found in over 90 % of cases. Besides, a wide variety of rare, hereditary microangiopathy exists, as e.g. CADASIL (Cerebral Autosomal Dominant Arteriopathy with Subcortical Infarcts and Leukoencephalopathy), Fabrys disease and MELAS syndrome (Mitochondrial myopathy, Encephalopathy, Lactic Acidosis, and Stroke-like episodes). (orig.)

  10. Effects of Milrinone continuous intravenous infusion on global cerebral oxygenation and cerebral vasospasm after cerebral aneurysm surgical clipping

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Mohamed A. Ghanem

    2014-01-01

    Conclusions: Milrinone improved significantly the global cerebral oxygenation and reduced the incidence of cerebral vasospasm during the dangerous period of cerebral spasm after cerebral aneurysm clipping.

  11. Algunas experiencias de innovación educativa

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    de Haro, J. José

    2009-09-01

    Full Text Available In this article we show some experiences in educational innovation area performed by teachers with students of ESO and Bachelor at Amor de Dios school in Barcelona (www.amordedios. org. We also discuss the characteristics of blogs, wikis and social networks, as well as their potential usage, all based on the experience carried out with the students. We also present some useful guidelines about selection of the various systems depending on teachers’ needs.Se presentan algunas de las experiencias llevadas a cabo en el ámbito de la innovación educativa con alumnos de ESO y Bachillerato en el centro concertado de educación primaria y secundaria Amor de Dios de Barcelona (www.amordedios.org. Se discuten las características de blogs, wikis y redes sociales, así como sus posibilidades de uso, todo ello en base a las experiencias realizadas con los alumnos. Igualmente se presentan algunas directrices que pueden ayudar para la selección de unos sistemas u otros según las necesidades educativas del profesor.

  12. Experiencias de vida económica y desarrollo humano de estudiantes universitarios de otras localidades en Barranquilla (Colombia

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    Mayilin Moreno Torres

    2004-01-01

    Full Text Available Esta investigación se propuso indagar si las experiencias económicas vividas en Barranquilla (Colombia por estudiantes universitarios provenientes de otras localidades favorecían su desarrollo humano. Para llevarla a cabo se utilizó un método cualitativo con orientación interpretativa. Los resultados mostraron que las experiencias económicas sí contribuyen notablemente a la construcción de desarrollo humano porque logran tener mucho significado en la vida de estos estudiantes. Es decir, a medida que viven estas experiencias, las decisiones de su vida van teniendo un solo y auténtico sujeto: él mismo. En consecuencia, lo que se impone es su libertad, su autonomía. Estas experiencias económicas, por tanto, no sólo le permiten tomar distancia de sus propios impulsos sino también de la tradición. Ello configura una experiencia de progreso, de ilustración, de modernidad.

  13. Micosis del sistema nervioso central: Estudio clínico-patológico de diez casos

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    Carlos E. Peña

    1966-10-01

    Full Text Available Uno de los campos de la patología en que más se refleja la influencia de la distribución geográfica sobre un grupo de entidades, es la micología. Greenfield, en su texto de Neuropatología, discute las siguientes micosis: criptococosis, coccidioidomicosis, blastomicosis norteamericana, histoplasmosis y mucormicosis. Nuestra serie incluye, por el contrario, ejemplos de criptococosis, de blastomicosis suramericana, de aspergilosis y de mucormicosis. Nueve casos, que incluyen ejemplos de criptococosis, de blastomicosis suramericana y de aspergilosis, fueron encontrados en una revisión de 162 pacientes con micosis profundas, observados en el Hospital de San Juan de Dios y en el Instituto Nacional de Cancerología (Bogotá, en el período de 11 años comprendido entre 19 54 Y 1964. Un caso de mucormicosis, procedente del Hospital Infantil del Norte, gentilmente cedido por el doctor José A. Dotado. En todos los casos se practicó autopsia. Se hicieron cortes por inclusión en parafina, coloraciones de hematoxilina-eosina y, selectivamente, coloraciones de Gridley o de P; A. S., de muci-carrnín y de Grocott. La historia clínica fue revisada en todos los pacientes. En varios, se hicieron estudios micológicos complementarios (examen directo y cultivo

  14. Relación entre estrés laboral, alucinación y experiencias anómalas entre profesionales de enfermería

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Alejandro Enrique-Parra,

    2016-12-01

    Full Text Available Objetivo: evaluar el tipo y frecuencia de experiencias perceptuales inusuales en ámbitos hospitalarios, así como su relación con el estrés laboral y la absorción, y comparar tales experiencias en enfermeros (os que las han tenido. Materiales y Métodos: se analizó una muestra de 39 enfermeros (as con tales experiencias y un grupo control de 61 profesionales (sin experiencias. Las enfermeros (as completaron cuatro instrumentos: la Encuesta de Experiencias Anómalo/Paranormales en Enfermeras y Trabajadores de la Salud, el Maslach Burnout Inventory que mide el estrés laboral, el Cuestionario de Experiencias Alucinatorias que evalúa la propensión a la alucinación y la Escala de Absorción de Tellegen que evalúa el grado de involucramiento en la percepción. Resultados: los profesionales que reportaron tales experiencias no tendían a experimentar mayor estrés laboral, en comparación con un grupo control, en contra de la principal hipótesis; sin embargo, mostraron mayor frecuencia experiencias perceptivas anómalas asociadas a la capacidad de absorción psicológica, que resultó el principal predictor entre enfermeras con experiencia y el grupo control [β= 0,33, p= 0,005; R2= 0,12] combinando estrés laboral y propensión a la alucinación. Conclusión: el análisis estadístico confirma que los profesionales de enfermería que reportan experiencias perceptuales inusuales, tienden a mostrar mayor absorción psicológica, de igual forma, mayor propensión a alucinar; sin embargo, ninguna de estas variables se relaciona con el estrés laboral. El turno de noche es el más propenso a estas experiencias.

  15. EXPERIENCIAS DE GUERRA DESDE LA VOZ DE LAS MUJERES

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    Elsa Blair

    2003-01-01

    Full Text Available El articulo recoge algunas reflexiones en tormo al trabajode campo realizado con mujeres excombatientes de diversos grupos armados colombianos en el marco de la investigación Mujeres en tiempos de guerra: una mirada a lo femenino en el contexto de los grupos armados colombianos. A partir de una concepción de la guerra como construcción cultural, las autoras interrogan los efectos de la misma sobre su identidad femenina, esto es, lo que la guerra ha representado para ellas como mujeres y los efectos que ha tenido en términos de su identidad genérica. Tras una reflexión inicia en torno a los desafíos éticos planteados por el trabajo de campo, las autoras abordan la problemática de la identidad de género a través de dos vías: por una parte, los campos o "nudos¿ temáticos que amarran las narraciones de mujeres entrevistadas -la familia, la maternidad y los hijos, las relaciones con los "otros", las experiencias de muerte y el dolor de la guerra-; y por otra, la forma particular en que ellas construyen sus relatos sobre su experiencia como combatientes. Por último, a partir de esa mirada analítica sobre la manera como estas mujeres han vivido y significado su experiencia como guerreras, las autoras plantean, algunas conclusiones preliminares en torno a dicha problemática.

  16. Anestesia e paralisia cerebral Anestesia y parálisis cerebral Anesthesia and cerebral palsy

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    Március Vinícius M Maranhão

    2005-12-01

    Full Text Available JUSTIFICATIVA E OBJETIVOS: A paralisia cerebral (PC é uma doença não progressiva decorrente de lesão no sistema nervoso central, levando a um comprometimento motor do paciente. O portador de PC freqüentemente é submetido a procedimentos cirúrgicos devido a doenças usuais e situações particulares decorrentes da paralisia cerebral. Foi objetivo deste artigo revisar aspectos da paralisia cerebral de interesse para o anestesiologista, permitindo um adequado manuseio pré, intra e pós-operatório neste tipo de paciente. CONTEÚDO: O artigo aborda aspectos da paralisia cerebral como etiologia, classificação, fatores de risco, fisiopatologia, quadro clínico, diagnóstico, terapêuticas utilizadas bem como avaliação pré-operatória, medicação pré-anestésica, manuseio intra e pós-operatório, analgesia pós-operatória e dor crônica. CONCLUSÕES: O anestesiologista desempenha um papel importante na diminuição da morbidade e mortalidade anestésico-cirúrgica em pacientes portadores de paralisia cerebral. O conhecimento da fisiopatologia dos diferentes tipos de paralisia cerebral bem como das doenças associadas e suas terapêuticas é imprescindível, pois permite ao anestesiologista antecipar e prevenir complicações intra e pós-operatórias neste tipo de paciente.JUSTIFICATIVA Y OBJETIVOS: La parálisis cerebral (PC es una enfermedad no progresiva consecuente de una lesión en el sistema nervioso central, llevando a un comprometimiento motor del paciente. El portador de PC, frecuentemente es sometido a procedimientos quirúrgicos debido a enfermedades usuales y situaciones particulares consecuentes de la parálisis cerebral. El objetivo de este artículo, fue revisar aspectos de la parálisis cerebral de interés para el anestesista, permitiendo un adecuado manoseo pre, intra y posoperatorio en este tipo de paciente. CONTENIDO: El artículo aborda aspectos de la parálisis cerebral como etiología, clasificación, factores de

  17. Visión activa y aprendizaje perceptual: Cómo la experiencia cambia nuestro mundo visual

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Carlos M. Hamamé

    2011-06-01

    Full Text Available Nuestra experiencia es capaz de modificar el modo en que percibimos. Este tipo de aprendizaje perceptual nos indica la importancia del observador en la construcción de la percepción. En este artículo se examinan evidencias neurofisiológicas recientes que demuestran la presencia, no sólo de procesos perceptuales, sino también atencionales y de actualización de contexto, en el modo en que nuestra percepción visual cambia con la experiencia. Considerar la experiencia sensorial, junto con el estado actual del observador, ayudará a completar los modelos actuales, que son insuficientes para explicar la visión en condiciones naturales.

  18. Experiencias, Sensaciones y Demandas de (Inseguridad Ciudadana. Configuraciones complejas en la Argentina reciente

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Daniel Pedro Míguez

    2013-06-01

    Full Text Available En las últimas décadas, el problema de la inseguridad debida al incremento del delito y el posible impacto sobre la estabilidad de las democracias latinoamericanas ha sido objeto de debate recurrente. En este marco, el presente artículo analiza para el caso argentino la relación entre las experiencias y sensaciones de inseguridad, y su vinculación con las demandas de rigor punitivo. El análisis se basa en la combinación de dos aproximaciones metodológicas. Inicialmente, se toman datos estadísticos de encuestas internacionales, como Latinobarómetro. Estos son luego comparados con datos revelados mediante la observación participante en un barrio pobre de una ciudad intermedia de Argentina. La combinación de fuentes alternativas permite ver la complejidad del proceso. Contrario a lo que muchas veces se ha asumido, no existen vínculos lineales que conduzcan de experiencias y sensaciones de seguridad a demandas de rigor punitivo. La manera en que los actores sociales elaboran sus experiencias de inseguridad es fuertemente situacional y, además, poco sistemática. Hemos encontrado que no necesariamente hay procesos consistentes de ‘construcción de sentido’ que articulen las sensaciones y experiencias de inseguridad con demandas políticas.

  19. Experiencia en el aula de secundaria con fractales

    OpenAIRE

    Gallardo, Sandra; Martínez-Santaolalla, Manuel José; Molina, Marta; Peñas, María; Cañadas, María C.; Crisóstomo, Edson

    2006-01-01

    Presentamos una experiencia docente en un aula de 2º ESO en la que trabajamos los fractales mediante el uso de material de carácter manipulativo. La metodología seguida se basa en la construcción de casos particulares con el fin de llegar al concepto de fractal.

  20. Cerebral atrophic and degenerative changes following various cerebral diseases, (1)

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Kino, Masao; Anno, Izumi; Yano, Yuhiko; Anno, Yasuro.

    1980-01-01

    Patients having cerebral atrophic and degenerative changes following hypoglycemia, cerebral contusion, or cerebral hypoxia including cerebrovascular disorders were reported. Description was made as to cerebral changes visualized on CT images and clinical courses of a patient who revived 10 minutes after heart stoppage during neurosurgery, a newborn with asphyxia, a patient with hypoglycemia, a patient who suffered from asphyxia by an accident 10 years before, a patient with carbon monoxide poisoning at an acute stage, a patient who had carbon monoxide poisoning 10 years before, a patient with diffuse cerebral ischemic changes, a patient with cerebral edema around metastatic tumor, a patient with respiration brain, a patient with neurological sequelae after cerebral contusion, a patient who had an operation to excise right parietal lobe artery malformation, and a patient who was shooted by a machine gun and had a lead in the brain for 34 years. (Tsunoda, M.)

  1. EXPERIENCIAS PEDAGÓGICAS CON EL PÁRRAFO

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Ligni Molano Barona

    2010-01-01

    Full Text Available En este documento se compendia la experiencia que tres profesoras de lengua materna han construido a lo largo de su actividad docente, en lo relacionado con el párrafo. Está estructurado en tres puntos. En el primero, ¿Qué es un párrafo?, se abordan elementos de orden teórico, que, a modo de referentes, sustentan la búsqueda de un concepto propio y eficaz a la hora de emprender la escritura con los estudiantes. Con este fin, se realizó un pequeño estado del arte sobre el estudio del párrafo, en el que se escogieron cinco autores, cuya experiencia en la didáctica textual es bastante amplia, y se indagaron a los pares de la Universidad Icesi. En el segundo, ¿Para qué sirve un párrafo?, se reflexiona acerca de la utilidad y la importancia del párrafo en la escritura de cualquier tipo de texto. En el tercero, ¿Cómo se puede enseñar a escribirlo?, se plantea una metodología para el trabajo del párrafo en el aula.

  2. Unir Gamificación y Experiencia de Usuario para mejorar la experiencia docente

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Emiliano Labrador

    2016-06-01

    Full Text Available En unos estudios como son las ingenierías TIC se realiza un tipo de asignatura obligatoria y transversal a todos los alumnos. Es una asignatura que trabaja la parte creativa y la parte crítica del alumno, contando que son alumnos con un tipo de perfil de base principalmente tecnológico. Se trata de una asignatura presencial con soporte de una plataforma online que dispone de todos los recursos necesarios para llevarla a cabo. La gamificación forma parte de la asignatura de primer curso de ingeniería, diseño y usabilidad 1. Su aplicación ha sido diseñada y evaluada para iterar constantemente en la metodología y aplicar cambios continuos que mejoren su diseño y, por lo tanto, que mejoren la aplicación con los alumnos. La gamificación se centra principalmente en respetar el contenido de la asignatura: comunicación, diseño gráfico y usabilidad y experiencia de usuario para tenerlo en cuenta en las mecánicas de juego aplicadas. Tras la gamificación del curso 2013-2014, se realizaron encuestas a los alumnos basadas en técnicas de evaluación de experiencia de usuario para poder obtener datos tanto de la aplicación del contenido académico como de los puntos positivos y negativos de las mecánicas aplicadas. Estas encuestas se contrastaron con los resultados académicos de los alumnos tanto de notas parciales como de notas finales. Este artículo muestra los cambios introducidos en el diseño metodológico, su evaluación y sus posteriores resultados. La pregunta que se pretende responder es: ¿las mejoras introducidas han hecho que mejoren los resultados?

  3. La intimidad y la experiencia en lo público

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    María Teresa Luna

    2007-05-01

    Full Text Available Esta investigación, de corte fenomenológico, se posiciona en los postulados de la fenomenología del mundo social desarrollada por Alfred Schütz; en este sentido se discute la categoría intimidad como experiencia subjetiva en la que se vivencia la configuración del yo y el tú, y en la que se producen y decantan significaciones esenciales para la relación con uno mismo o con una misma, y con los otros u otras, lo cual parece producir esquemas de actuación en lo público, entendido como el espacio físico y simbólico compartido con otros mediatos u otras mediatas. La información fue construida mediante entrevistas conversacionales en las que cuatro profesionales (tres mujeres y un hombre, vinculados a Organizaciones No Gubernamentales de la ciudad de Medellín con un fuerte trabajo en lo público, construyeron narrativas autobiográficas. La unidad de lectura de la información fue el relato –entendido como una historia con un principio, un desarrollo y un final–y el criterio de selección de relatos significativos fue el acontecimiento biográfico, entendido como un evento que produce un quiebre en la propia biografía, sea porque rompe algo o inaugura algo. Los acontecimientos seleccionados fueron aquellos que aportaban información pertinente para comprender la progresiva configuración de la experiencia íntima y su encadenamiento con una cierta forma de experienciar la actuación en lo público. Los resultados muestran que la intimidad es experiencia de posicionamiento en asuntos morales que están en la base de la actuación en lo público, así como también que en las relaciones íntimas –básicamente con los contemporáneos inmediatos como los amigos, las amigas y las parejas– se construyen experiencias como la confianza, el cuidado y el respeto, que son determinantes en la manera de transitar por la esfera pública.

  4. La intimidad y la experiencia en lo público

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    María Teresa Luna C.

    2007-01-01

    Full Text Available Esta investigación, de corte fenomenológico, se posiciona en los postulados de la fenomenología del mundo social desarrollada por Alfred Schütz; en este sentido se discute la categoría intimidad como experiencia subjetiva en la que se vivencia la configuración del yo y el tú, y en la que se producen y decantan significaciones esenciales para la relación con uno mismo o con una misma, y con los otros u otras, lo cual parece producir esquemas de actuación en lo público, entendido como el espacio físico y simbólico compartido con otros mediatos u otras mediatas. La información fue construida mediante entrevistas conversacionales en las que cuatro profesionales (tres mujeres y un hombre, vinculados a Organizaciones No Gubernamentales de la ciudad de Medellín con un fuerte trabajo en lo público, construyeron narrativas autobiográficas. La unidad de lectura de la información fue el relato –entendido como una historia con un principio, un desarrollo y un final–y el criterio de selección de relatos significativos fue el acontecimiento biográfico, entendido como un evento que produce un quiebre en la propia biografía, sea porque rompe algo o inaugura algo. Los acontecimientos seleccionados fueron aquellos que aportaban información pertinente para comprender la progresiva configuración de la experiencia íntima y su encadenamiento con una cierta forma de experienciar la actuación en lo público. Los resultados muestran que la intimidad es experiencia de posicionamiento en asuntos morales que están en la base de la actuación en lo público, así como también que en las relaciones íntimas –básicamente con los contemporáneos inmediatos como los amigos, las amigas y las parejas– se construyen experiencias como la confianza, el cuidado y el respeto, que son determinantes en la manera de transitar por la esfera pública.

  5. El climaterio y las inmigrantes ecuatorianas: una experiencia natural en manos de otros

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Juan Manuel Leyva-Moral

    Full Text Available Introducción: El modelo biomédico describe la menopausia como un problema de salud. Los científicos sociales sostienen que se trata de un proceso biológico normal individual cuya experiencia viene determinada por factores culturales. Objetivo: Comprender la experiencia de la menopausia entre las inmigrantes ecuatorianas que viven en Barcelona (España. Diseño: Estudio cualitativo fenomenológico hermenéutico. Trece mujeres ecuatorianas menopáusicas fueron entrevistadas en sus hogares durante el período 2008-2009. Las entrevistas fueron transcritas textualmente y analizadas siguiendo el proceso hermenéutico. Resultados: Cuatro dominios interrelacionados fueron identificados: Una experiencia individual natural, ser mujer, mi sexualidad en manos de otros, ser vs. sentirse mayor. Conclusión: la menopausia entre las inmigrantes ecuatorianas aparece como un evento natural repleto de falsos mitos y tabúes en cuya construcción influyen sustancialmente la biomedicina y el contexto social.

  6. EXAMEN DE POST-EFECTO PARA EXPERIENCIAS ANÓMALO/ PARANORMALES CON UN ABORDAJE HUMANISTA

    OpenAIRE

    PARRA, ALEJANDRO; CORBETTA, JUAN MANUEL

    2014-01-01

    Se presentan los resultados de una investigación que tuvo como objetivos: explorar la utilidad de la terapia grupal para hacer frente a los efectos de las experiencias paranormales y explorar cómo la terapia humanista produce cambios positivos hacia las experiencias anómalo/paranormales. Se les pidió a la muestra (N= 20, rango 22-71 años, M= 45,65, DT= 12,52), 65 % mujeres y 35 % varones, responder un cuestionario autoadministrado de siete preguntas antes y al finalizar su participación en un...

  7. United Cerebral Palsy

    Science.gov (United States)

    ... your local affiliate Find your local affiliate United Cerebral Palsy United Cerebral Palsy (UCP) is a trusted resource for individuals with Cerebral Palsy and other disabilities and their networks. Individuals with ...

  8. Antes de los Estudios Culturales. Robert Warshow y la experiencia

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    Antonio Lastra

    2008-01-01

    Full Text Available Este artículo estudia la influencia del concepto de experiencia que desarrolla Robert Warshow. Warshow ha supuesto el contrapunto americano a las teorías desarrolladas por Walter Benjamien en Europa. Si bien ambos insistieron en la pobreza de la experiencia, como resultado de la tecnificación de la sociedad, Warshow supo introducir matizaciones que influyeron en todo el círculo de intelectuales concentrados en Nueva York durante la etapa de consolidación de los Estudios Culturales. This paper studies the influence of the experience concept by Robert Warshow. Warshow is the American counterpoint to theories developed by Walter Benjamin in Europe. Although both insisted in the poverty of experience, as a result of technique, Warshow knew how to introduce nuances that influenced intellectuals in New York as Cultural Studies emerged.

  9. Arquitectura para aguijonear la experiencia de conocer en la escuela

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Diego Emilio Clementin

    2017-09-01

    Full Text Available El presente artículo es una invitación para que los docentes asumamos el desafío de afirmarnos como media­dores de cultura en el marco de un vínculo pedagógico no autoritario, esto significa asumir la responsabilidad de transmitir conocimientos, aguijonear la experiencia de conocer; ulteriormente, el alumno hará con esos co­nocimientos lo que quiera, pueda o necesite, pero luego de haberlos tenido a disposición. Para desarrollar un tema, en el marco de un vínculo pedagógico no autoritario que pueda aguijonear la experiencia de conocer de los alumnos, se sugiere considerar las fases de construcción, elaboración, ejercitación y aplicación durante las clases, no de manera aislada, sino muy articuladas entre sí. 

  10. Música y experiencia: De las "sociedades primitivas" a las redes sociales

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    Israel V. Mázquez

    2011-05-01

    Full Text Available El artículo traza un itinerario circular que parte de la experiencia musical en su sentido tradicional de interacción y actividad grupal, sigue con algunas de las características de la figura moderna del oyente solitario y su relación con el espacio público y privado, y termina con las nuevas tecnologías de la información y las redes sociales de la web 2.0, las cuales hacen posible nuevas formas de interactividad y nuevas maneras de fortalecer los lazos de afiliación y sociabilidad a través de la música, hecho que aquí interpretamos como un retorno a los orígenes grupales y comunitarios de la experiencia musical.

  11. Investigación educativa: la experiencia en el estado de Chihuahua

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    Evangelina Cervantes Holguín

    2016-04-01

    Full Text Available Este ensayo tiene como propósito recuperar las experiencias de investigación de los académicos e instituciones superiores establecidas en la región. Asimismo, permite conocer el estado que guarda esta actividad intelectual y el desarrollo que ha tenido el campo de la educación en el estado de Chihuahua. De manera concreta se establecen cuatro etapas: antecedentes, primeras experiencias de investigación (1984 a 1990; cambios y desafíos (1990 al 2000; crecimiento (2000 al 2009 y apertura y expansión (2009. En esta última fase, se destaca la pertinencia de la Rediech como espacio para generar, desarrollar, fortalecer y difundir la actividad investigativa en esta entidad.

  12. Cutaneous zygomycosis due to Saksenaea vasiformis in an immunocompetent host

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    Baradkar V

    2009-01-01

    Full Text Available Saksenaea vasiformis is an emerging zygomycete species, most often associated with cutaneous, subcutaneous and rhino- orbito-cerebral infections. Herein, we report a case of cutaneous zygomycosis of face caused by Saksenaea vasiformis in a 54-year-old immunocompetent female. The diagnosis was carried out by microscopy using KOH mount, Gram staining, Gomori′s methenamine silver staining, hemotoxylin and eosin staining and culture on Sabouraud′s Dextrose agar without actidione. Slide cultures were put up on Czapek Dox agar, which showed typical flask-shaped sporangium with rhizoids. The patient was treated successfully with intravenous amphotericin B.

  13. Malaria cerebral Cerebral malaria

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    Carlos Hugo Zapata Zapata

    2003-03-01

    Full Text Available La malaria Cerebral (MC es la complicación más frecuente de la malaria por P. falciparum; aproximadamente el 90% de las personas que la han padecido se recuperan completamente sin secuelas neurológicas. Aún no se conoce con claridad su patogénesis pero se han postulado cuatro hipótesis o mecanismos posibles: 1 citoadherencia y secuestro de glóbulos rojos parasitados en la microvasculatura cerebral; 2 formación de rosetas y aglutinación de glóbulos rojos parasitados; 3 producción de citoquinas y activación de segundos mensajeros y, 4 apertura de la barrera hematoencefálica. Sin embargo, queda un interrogante sin resolver aún: ¿qué proceso se lleva a cabo para que el parásito, desde el espacio microvascular, pueda interferir transitoriamente con la función cerebral? Recientemente se ha utilizado el precursor de la proteína b-Amiloide como un marcador de daño neuronal en MC; este precursor será de gran ayuda en futuras investigaciones realizadas en nuestro medio que aporten información para comprender la patogénesis de la MC. Is the most common complication of P. falciparum malaria; nearly 90% of people who have suffered CM can recover without neurological problems. Currently there are four hypotheses that explain pathogenesis of CM: cytoadherence and sequestering of parasitized red blood cells to cerebral capillaries; rosette formation and parasitized red blood cells agglutination; production of cytokines and activation of second messengers and opening of the blood-brain barrier. However the main question remains to be answered; how the host-parasite interaction in the vascular space interferes transiently with cerebral function? Recently, the beta amyloid precursor peptide has been employed as marker of neural injury in CM. It is expected that the beta amyloid precursor peptide will help to understand the pathogenesis of CM in complicated patients of endemic areas of Colombia.

  14. Cerebral Palsy (For Teens)

    Science.gov (United States)

    ... Staying Safe Videos for Educators Search English Español Cerebral Palsy KidsHealth / For Teens / Cerebral Palsy What's in this ... do just what everyone else does. What Is Cerebral Palsy? Cerebral palsy (CP) is a disorder of the ...

  15. LO QUE EL OJO NO VE: ANÁLISIS DE UNA EXPERIENCIA

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    J.A. García-García

    2010-09-01

    Full Text Available Durante diez meses hemos realizado una actividad-exposición en el Parque de las Ciencias de Granada. En el espacio “Ventana a la Ciencia” la exposición “Lo que el ojo no ve” ha pretendido mostrar a la ciudadanía aspectos de la Óptica relacionados conlos límites de la visión humana y los avances científicos que han permitido superar dichos límites. Ha sido una actividad didáctica, divulgativa e interactiva, que ha buscado fomentar la reflexión del visitante.El objetivo fundamental de este trabajo es analizar dicha experiencia, planteándonos si experiencias como ésta contribuyen a fomentar la cultura científica de la ciudadanía. Para realizar la evaluación de la misma se ha aplicado una encuesta a una muestra de los visitantes cuyos resultados muestran que más del 90% consideraque ha aprendido de ella, al tiempo que la valoran como divertida. Así mismo, al pedírseles que la calificaran, lo han hecho con una nota media de 9 sobre 10. Por la experiencia vivida y por los resultados obtenidos, consideramos que actividades como ésta resultan de interés y debieran potenciarse como una vía válida para la divulgación científica.

  16. Diseño de una experiencia de tiro parabólico para Bachillerato

    OpenAIRE

    Peña Maniega, Víctor

    2014-01-01

    En este trabajo fin de máster se presenta el diseño de una experiencia de laboratorio de tiro parabólico para alumnos de Bachillerato. El objetivo general es que dicha experiencia sea novedosa, motivante y un ejemplo práctico de la aplicación de las diversas fases del método científico. Para ello, se utiliza un lanzador casero de proyectiles de aire comprimido, y la grabación en video digital como herramienta de trabajo y análisis. También se presentan opciones de cómo realizar...

  17. experiencias en el sistema

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    B. Fernández Manjón

    2005-01-01

    Full Text Available En este trabajo se presenta la experiencia de aplicación e implementación del modelo de objetos educativos en el sistema . Se describe una visión práctica de la aplicación de las tecnologías de marcado tanto en la estructuración de los cursos como en el desarrollo de contenidos que pueden ser adaptados al usuario. En se han seguido las especificaciones de IMS, desarrollándose un soporte completo del empaquetamiento de cursos (content packaging reflejado en un sistema de autoría de cursos y una herramienta de importación. Además se ha particularizado un perfil específico de cursos y de objetos educativos que permiten su adaptación al usuario.

  18. Experiencia Educacional en Paraguay.

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    Mari Blanca Pavon.

    Full Text Available La experiencia educacional que presentaré concierne al grupo indígena de los guaraníes del Paraguay que se autodenominan Karaguy  jara, que quiere decir  "dueños del monte". También se denominan Avá chiiripá. Esta etnia vive en la región oriental del Paraguay. en un triángulo que se extiende hacia el Brasil. En este mismo sector viven también los Paitauytera, los Mbya y los llamados Ache o Guayaki o Atchi. Se supone .que existen alrededor de 4.500 Avá Chiripá en la región oriental del Paraguay. Viven en pequeñas comunidades y han perdido su hábitat selvático natural casi en su totalidad.

  19. Neural Networks Mediating High-Level Mentalizing in Patients With Right Cerebral Hemispheric Gliomas

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    Riho Nakajima

    2018-03-01

    Full Text Available Mentalizing is the ability to understand others’ mental state through external cues. It consists of two networks, namely low-level and high-level metalizing. Although it is an essential function in our daily social life, surgical resection of right cerebral hemisphere disturbs mentalizing processing with high possibility. In the past, little was known about the white matter related to high-level mentalizing, and the conservation of high-level mentalizing during surgery has not been a focus of attention. Therefore, the main purpose of this study was to examine the neural networks underlying high-level mentalizing and then, secondarily, investigate the usefulness of awake surgery in preserving the mentalizing network. A total of 20 patients with glioma localized in the right hemisphere who underwent awake surgery participated in this study. All patients were assigned to two groups: with or without intraoperative assessment of high-level mentalizing. Their high-level mentalizing abilities were assessed before surgery and 1 week and 3 months after surgery. At 3 months after surgery, only patients who received the intraoperative high-level mentalizing test showed the same score as normal healthy volunteers. The tract-based lesion symptom analysis was performed to confirm the severity of damage of associated fibers and high-level mentalizing accuracy. This analysis revealed the superior longitudinal fascicles (SLF III and fronto-striatal tract (FST to be associated with high-level mentalizing processing. Moreover, the voxel-based lesion symptom analysis demonstrated that resection of orbito-frontal cortex (OFC causes persistent mentalizing dysfunction. Our study indicates that damage of the OFC and structural connectivity of the SLF and FST causes the disorder of mentalizing after surgery, and assessing high-level mentalizing during surgery may be useful to preserve these pathways.

  20. Examen de post-efecto para experiencias anómalo/ paranormales con un abordaje humanista

    OpenAIRE

    Alejandro Parra; Juan Manuel Corbetta

    2014-01-01

    Se presentan los resultados de una investigación que tuvo como objetivos: explorar la utilidad de la terapia grupal para hacer frente a los efectos de las experiencias paranormales y explorar cómo la terapia humanista produce cambios positivos hacia las experiencias anómalo/paranormales. Se les pidió a la muestra (N= 20, rango 22-71 años, M= 45,65, DT= 12,52), 65 % mujeres y 35 % varones, responder un cuestionario autoadministrado de siete preguntas antes y al finalizar su participación en un...

  1. Experiencias exitosas de liderazgo en enfermería

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    Mery Luz Valderrama Sanabria

    2014-11-01

    Full Text Available Introducción: El objetivo de la investigación fue describir la experiencia de profesionales de enfermería en cargos administrativos en salud para fomentar el liderazgo en el futuro profesional de enfermería. Materiales y Métodos: Investigación cualitativa tipo descriptivo, con diseño narrativo de tópicos puesto que se enfoca en una temática que hace referencia al liderazgo en enfermería. Resultados: Se obtuvieron tres categorías: Experiencias exitosas, de la cual surgieron dos subcategorías: óptimo uso de los recursos y cuidado desde cargos directivos. Las otras categorías se denominaron; liderazgo en enfermería y   profesional del futuro. Discusión: Los resultados fueron analizados a la luz de la literatura encontrando semejanzas en cuanto a que el mercado laboral solicita del enfermero la aplicación del liderazgo y se debe redimensionar la formación del futuro profesional y nuevos escenarios de práctica para que responda a las necesidades de un país. Conclusiones: Las dificultades se presentan para ejercer liderazgo al inicio de la vida laboral son el temor, desconocimiento de los derechos como empleado y no saber cuánto vale el trabajo de enfermería. Posteriormente se van presentando por malos entendidos, relaciones interpersonales poco adecuadas, ausencia de colegaje y falta de posicionamiento y reconocimiento de la profesión. Ser líder es un proceso casi inherente a enfermería ya sea desde el ámbito clínico, comunitario o a través del ejercicio de cargos administrativos y se debe fomentar y potenciar en el estudiante.Palabras clave: Liderazgo, Enfermeros, Educación Continua, Satisfacción en el Trabajo. (Fuente: DeCS BIREME.Cómo citar este artículo: Valderrama ML. Experiencias exitosas de liderazgo en enfermería. Rev Cuid. 2014; 5(2: 765-73. http://dx.doi.org/10.15649/cuidarte.v5i2.89

  2. Unilateral cerebral polymicrogyria with ipsilateral cerebral hemiatrophy

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Hayakawa, Katsumi [Department of Radiology, Kyoto City Hospital, 1-2 Higashi-Takada-cho, Mibu, Nakagyo-ku, 604-8845 Kyoto (Japan); Kanda, Toyoko; Yamori, Yuriko [Department of Pediatric Neurology, St. Joseph Hospital for Handicapped Children, 603-8323 Kyoto (Japan)

    2002-10-01

    We evaluated six children in whom MR imaging showed unilateral cerebral polymicrogyria associated with ipsilateral cerebral atrophy and ipsilateral brain stem atrophy. The aim of this study was to clarify whether this disorder based on neuroimaging constitutes a new homogeneous clinical entity. The subjects were six children whose ages at the time of MR imaging ranged from 8 months to 11 years. Their clinical and MR features were analyzed. All of the children were born between 38 and 42 weeks gestation, without any significant perinatal events. Spastic hemiplegia and epilepsy were observed in all of the patients, and mental retardation was observed in four. The MR findings included unilateral cerebral polymicrogyria associated with ipsilateral cerebral hemiatrophy and ipsilateral brain stem atrophy in all patients. The ipsilateral sylvian fissure was hypoplastic in four patients. These patients showed relatively homogeneous clinical and neuroimaging features. Although the additional clinical features varied according to the site and the extent affected by the polymicrogyria, this disorder could constitute a new relatively homogeneous clinical entity. (orig.)

  3. Unilateral cerebral polymicrogyria with ipsilateral cerebral hemiatrophy

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Hayakawa, Katsumi; Kanda, Toyoko; Yamori, Yuriko

    2002-01-01

    We evaluated six children in whom MR imaging showed unilateral cerebral polymicrogyria associated with ipsilateral cerebral atrophy and ipsilateral brain stem atrophy. The aim of this study was to clarify whether this disorder based on neuroimaging constitutes a new homogeneous clinical entity. The subjects were six children whose ages at the time of MR imaging ranged from 8 months to 11 years. Their clinical and MR features were analyzed. All of the children were born between 38 and 42 weeks gestation, without any significant perinatal events. Spastic hemiplegia and epilepsy were observed in all of the patients, and mental retardation was observed in four. The MR findings included unilateral cerebral polymicrogyria associated with ipsilateral cerebral hemiatrophy and ipsilateral brain stem atrophy in all patients. The ipsilateral sylvian fissure was hypoplastic in four patients. These patients showed relatively homogeneous clinical and neuroimaging features. Although the additional clinical features varied according to the site and the extent affected by the polymicrogyria, this disorder could constitute a new relatively homogeneous clinical entity. (orig.)

  4. La experiencia vivida de la mujer con enfermedad cardiovascular revascularizada: un estudio de caso

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Inna Elida Florez Torres

    2016-09-01

    Full Text Available Objetivo: Comprender los significados de la experiencia vivida de una mujer revascularizada por enfermedad coronaria. Metodología: Estudio de caso fenomenológico con perspectiva de género, realizado en Cartagena, Colombia, entre febrero y junio de 2015. El análisis temático estuvo guiado por el método de Van Manen.  Resultados: La experiencia del cuerpo vivido significó percibir el anuncio de la enfermedad, prever los estragos sobre la corporeidad y feminidad, y anticiparse al sufrimiento. Las relaciones vividas significaron mantener un diálogo con un ser superior, una conexión de ayuda y dependencia con los cuidadores, Sentirse “al revés”: de cuidadora a cuidada. La experiencia del espacio vivido significó la entrada al quirófano: Atravesar la raya roja; la estancia en la unidad de cuidado intensivo, recibir un cuidado en soledad; salir de ella, la alegría de ganar una lucha. El tiempo vivido significó un punto de quiebre entre el antes y el ahora, un tránsito temporal de la experiencia, y recuperarse para mantener el rol. Las cosas vividas significaron una preocupación anticipada y una  pérdida del dominio del rol. Conclusión: Los significados otorgados a la experiencia permiten comprender su particularidad existencial. Durante la espera para la cirugía, la mujer se anticipa a los efectos sobre el rol social, sus dinámicas e interacciones; al enfrentarse al procedimiento, vive una situación límite. Intervenciones sensibles al género son requeridas para reconocer las necesidades de la mujer en los diferentes contextos de cuidado.

  5. Relaciones diferenciales entre experiencias de alfabetización y habilidades de alfabetización emergente

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Liliana Salazar-Reyes

    2013-08-01

    Full Text Available El objetivo del estudio fue investigar si las experiencias de alfabetización que los padres brindan se relacionan diferencialmente con la alfabetización de los niños. A partir de una muestra intencional, se seleccionaron treinta y cuatro diadas madre-hijo al inicio de preescolar, procedentes de una escuela particular del Estado de México. Se presenta evidencia que considera en un mismo estudio el análisis de las experiencias explícitas e implícitas observadas en una sesión de interacción madre-hijo, haciendo uso de diferentes materiales, y otro tipo de experiencias de alfabetización reportadas por las madres. Ambos resultados se complementaron para comparar los puntajes obtenidos por los niños en las pruebas de alfabetización emergente. Se constataron diferencias significativas en la alfabetización debidas a la escolaridad del padre t(11 = 2,78, p = 0,019; el acercamiento a los libros t(12 = 3,90, p = 0,001, y la frecuencia de lectura de cuentos t(12 = 4,31, p = 0,002. A partir de los resultados se concluye que algunos niños tienen habilidades de alfabetización desde muy temprana edad como resultado de las experiencias que sus padres les proporcionan.

  6. Cerebral palsy and congenital malformations

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Garne, Ester; Dolk, Helen; Krägeloh-Mann, Inge

    2007-01-01

    AIM: To determine the proportion of children with cerebral palsy (CP) who have cerebral and non-cerebral congenital malformations. METHODS: Data from 11 CP registries contributing to the European Cerebral Palsy Database (SCPE), for children born in the period 1976-1996. The malformations were...... classified as recognized syndromes, chromosomal anomalies, cerebral malformations or non-cerebral malformations. Prevalence of malformations was compared to published data on livebirths from a European database of congenital malformations (EUROCAT). RESULTS: Overall 547 out of 4584 children (11.9%) with CP...... were reported to have a congenital malformation. The majority (8.6% of all children) were diagnosed with a cerebral malformation. The most frequent types of cerebral malformations were microcephaly and hydrocephaly. Non-cerebral malformations were present in 97 CP children and in further 14 CP children...

  7. La Experiencia Contemporánea como Expresión del Fin de una Ética

    OpenAIRE

    Perdomo, José Camilo

    2004-01-01

    Educere:Una Brizna de Aliento en el Tiempo Rivas, Pedro El Paradigma Reinante y su Paideia Alonso, Leonor La Experiencia Contemporánea como Expresión del Fin de una ÉticaAlgunas Ideas desde la Postmodernidad para Releer el Dato Educativo Perdomo, José Camilo La Sociedad del Conocimiento y el Fin de la Escuela Rodríguez Rojas, Pedro Escuela, Alteridad y Experiencia de SíLa Producción Pedagógica del Sujeto Valera Villegas, G...

  8. Los Supuestos Metafísicos del Problema de la Experiencia Consciente en la Filosofía de David Chalmers

    OpenAIRE

    Fontcuberta Llavata, Alejandro

    2016-01-01

    El problema difícil de la experiencia consciente se resume en la cuestión de cómo es posible que el cerebro sea la base de la experiencia consciente. El objetivo general de la tesis es llevar a cabo una crítica general de los supuestos metafísicos que subyacen a la formulación del problema difícil de la experiencia consciente, centrándose en el análisis que se lleva a cabo del problema en la obra de David Chalmers. Los argumentos presentados tratan de establecer tres clases de resultados que ...

  9. Equipos docentes : experiencias y resultados (2013-2014)

    OpenAIRE

    Herrero Martín, Ruth; García Martín, Antonio

    2014-01-01

    Los equipos docentes son grupos de trabajo constituidos al amparo del Programa de Redes de Investigación en Docencia Universitaria (2009-2010) de la UPCT y dedicados a reflexionar sobre distintos aspectos de la actividad docente, a intercambiar experiencias y a mejorar la praxis docente de sus integrantes. Este libro recoge el trabajo desarrollado por los equipos docentes durante el curso 2013-2014. Una parte significativa de ese trabajo se orienta a la mejora de la calidad docente y, en el c...

  10. Las franjas electorales en la experiencia chilena

    OpenAIRE

    Juan Ignacio García Rodríguez

    2013-01-01

    Expone la experiencia chilena sobre el establecimiento y regulación de las franjas electorales, para lo cual analiza la constitucionalidad de la franja, los principios involucrados, las disposiciones regulatorias, el papel del Consejo Nacional de Televisión, la jurisprudencia que sobre el tema ha sido emitida por el Tribunal Calificador de Elecciones y los retos que el sistema de franjas electorales enfrenta a futuro como lo es su aplicación a las elecciones primarias de los pa...

  11. Cerebral Palsy

    Science.gov (United States)

    Cerebral palsy is a group of disorders that affect a person's ability to move and to maintain balance ... do not get worse over time. People with cerebral palsy may have difficulty walking. They may also have ...

  12. Ecuador: La experiencia de Radio Latacunga

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    David Silva

    2015-01-01

    Full Text Available En Latacunga - Ecuador es entrevistada Lucelly Villa, de la comunidad Hijas de San Pablo, "Hermanas Paulinas", ella es directora de la Radio y presidenta de la CORAPE (Coordinadora de Radios Populares y Educativas de Ecuador. En la entrevista comenta la experiencia de las emisoras en las zonas campesinas de la provincia cuya población indígena campesina esta geográficamente dispersa en la provincia de Cotopaxi. Habla de las dificultades y logros en once años de labor, informa de cómo funcionan las cabinas y la programación.

  13. Experiencias y expectativas en el debate político. Jóvenes de Manizales y elecciones

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Juana Ramírez-Castro

    2014-01-01

    Full Text Available En este artículo se presentan los resultados de una investigación exploratoria realizada durante la segunda ronda del debate electoral del 2010 en Colombia, y que tenía el objetivo de comprender el proceso deliberativo propio del debate público de lo que fue llamado en este estudio, el «sistema elector joven». Esta investigación, diseñada a la sombra de la Teoría de los Sistemas Sociales de Niklas Luhmann, recurrió a grupos focales y a entrevistas semiestructuradas realizadas con jóvenes votantes de la ciudad de Manizales para observar los “sentidos” que, como «experiencias» y «expectativas», soportaban las operaciones del sistema. Según lo observado, gran parte del debate electoral se realizó desde experiencias directas o de socialización y, contrario a la tendencia sobre el tema, las experiencias de socialización virtual tuvieron poca injerencia en la deliberación.

  14. Las violencias y los jóvenes universitarios, una experiencia para reflexionar

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Noemí Ehrenfeld Lenkiewicz

    2016-01-01

    Full Text Available Este artículo pone de manifiesto aspectos poco o nada explorados de los estudiantes universitarios en relación con las violencias presentes en su cotidianidad, que afectan el desarrollo de su vida académica. A partir de una investigación sobre la percepción y las experiencias de las violencias en diferentes ámbitos se analiza el contexto que se vive en México y la participación de los jóvenes en las casuísticas. Las respuestas de los entrevistados que abordan experiencias propias brindan elementos que exigen pensar en una transformación educativa y pedagógica basada en la adquisición de habilidades para la vida.

  15. Genetic modification of cerebral arterial wall: implications for prevention and treatment of cerebral vasospasm.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Vijay, Anantha; Santhanam, R; Katusic, Zvonimir S

    2006-10-01

    Genetic modification of cerebral vessels represents a promising and novel approach for prevention and/or treatment of various cerebral vascular disorders, including cerebral vasospasm. In this review, we focus on the current understanding of the use of gene transfer to the cerebral arteries for prevention and/or treatment of cerebral vasospasm following subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH). We also discuss the recent developments in vascular therapeutics, involving the autologous use of progenitor cells for repair of damaged vessels, as well as a cell-based gene delivery approach for the prevention and treatment of cerebral vasospasm.

  16. Enseñar a aprender con TIC: una experiencia en el marco de un profesorado universitario

    OpenAIRE

    Martín, María Victoria; Vestfrid, Pamela

    2015-01-01

    Se presenta la experiencia llevada adelante en el “Taller Estrategias de trabajo colaborativo para el aula con redes sociales virtuales y otros asistentes online”, optativo para el Profesorado en Comunicación Social de la Facultad de Periodismo y Comunicación Social, UNLP. La misma busca brindar saberes conceptuales pero, fundamentalmente vivenciar experiencias de trabajo colaborativo que impliquen cambios en la esencia de los procesos educativos, modificando las verticales y desiguales relac...

  17. Papel de la experiencia en la aceptación vs. rechazo del paciente con esquizofrenia

    OpenAIRE

    Carmen Senra-Rivera; Alessandra de Arriba-Rossetto; Gloria Seoane-Pesqueira

    2008-01-01

    En esta investigación se analiza la influencia que pueden tener distintos tipos y grados de experiencia con la enfermedad mental en la aceptación vs. rechazo del paciente con esquizofrenia. Participaron en el estudio 236 estudiantes universitarios que cumplimentaron una escala de distancia social relacionada con una viñeta en la que se describe un episodio psicótico de un paciente (hombre o mujer) con esquizofrenia y una escala que evalúa distintos tipos y grados de experiencia co...

  18. Cerebral and non-cerebral coenurosis: on the genotypic and phenotypic diversity of Taenia multiceps.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Christodoulopoulos, Georgios; Dinkel, Anke; Romig, Thomas; Ebi, Dennis; Mackenstedt, Ute; Loos-Frank, Brigitte

    2016-12-01

    We characterised the causative agents of cerebral and non-cerebral coenurosis in livestock by determining the mitochondrial genotypes and morphological phenotypes of 52 Taenia multiceps isolates from a wide geographical range in Europe, Africa, and western Asia. Three studies were conducted: (1) a morphological comparison of the rostellar hooks of cerebral and non-cerebral cysts of sheep and goats, (2) a morphological comparison of adult worms experimentally produced in dogs, and (3) a molecular analysis of three partial mitochondrial genes (nad1, cox1, and 12S rRNA) of the same isolates. No significant morphological or genetic differences were associated with the species of the intermediate host. Adult parasites originating from cerebral and non-cerebral cysts differed morphologically, e.g. the shape of the small hooks and the distribution of the testes in the mature proglottids. The phylogenetic analysis of the mitochondrial haplotypes produced three distinct clusters: one cluster including both cerebral isolates from Greece and non-cerebral isolates from tropical and subtropical countries, and two clusters including cerebral isolates from Greece. The majority of the non-cerebral specimens clustered together but did not form a monophyletic group. No monophyletic groups were observed based on geography, although specimens from the same region tended to cluster. The clustering indicates high intraspecific diversity. The phylogenetic analysis suggests that all variants of T. multiceps can cause cerebral coenurosis in sheep (which may be the ancestral phenotype), and some variants, predominantly from one genetic cluster, acquired the additional capacity to produce non-cerebral forms in goats and more rarely in sheep.

  19. La influencia del consumo simbólico en la intensidad de uso de las redes sociales digitales y el valor percibido de las experiencias

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Gonzalo Luna Cortés

    2017-03-01

    Full Text Available Esta investigación analiza cómo el consumo simbólico (congruencia entre el objeto consumido y la identidad del consumidor se extiende en la actualidad hasta el consumo de experiencias. Como muestran los resultados, cuando un consumidor observa que una experiencia refuerza su identidad, este percibe mayor valor de dicha experiencia, lo que aumenta su satisfacción y su intención de recompra. También se desprende de los resultados que, a la hora de materializar la experiencia de cara al exterior, los consumidores hacen uso de una herramienta fundamental: las redes sociales digitales. Así, los resultados de la investigación muestran que los consumidores utilizan más las redes sociales cuando realizan consumo de experiencias congruentes con su identidad, y ello aumenta aún más el valor de la experiencia. Finalmente, y como parte de las conclusiones, se incluyen unas directrices a nivel gerencial que se basan en los resultados de la investigación.

  20. Cerebral Palsy. Fact Sheet = La Paralisis Cerebral. Hojas Informativas Sobre Discapacidades.

    Science.gov (United States)

    National Information Center for Children and Youth with Disabilities, Washington, DC.

    This fact sheet on cerebral palsy is written in both English and Spanish. First, it provides a definition of cerebral palsy and considers various causes (e.g., an insufficient amount of oxygen reaching the fetal or newborn brain). The fact sheet then offers incidence figures and explains characteristics of the three main types of cerebral palsy:…

  1. Las franjas electorales en la experiencia chilena

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Juan Ignacio García Rodríguez

    2013-07-01

    Full Text Available Expone la experiencia chilena sobre el establecimiento y regulación de las franjas electorales, para lo cual analiza la constitucionalidad de la franja, los principios involucrados, las disposiciones regulatorias, el papel del Consejo Nacional de Televisión, la jurisprudencia que sobre el tema ha sido emitida por el Tribunal Calificador de Elecciones y los retos que el sistema de franjas electorales enfrenta a futuro como lo es su aplicación a las elecciones primarias de los partidos políticos.

  2. Microembolism after cerebral angiography

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Manaka, Hiroshi; Sakai, Hideki; Nagata, Izumi

    2000-01-01

    Acute microemboli are detected more precisely with the recently developed diffusion-weighted MR imaging (DWI). We happened to obtain 24 DWIs after 350 diagnostic cerebral angiographies in 1999. DWIs after cerebral angiographies showed bright lesions in 7 patients (28%), of whom 6 had no neurological symptoms after cerebral angiography. Seven of the 24 patients had risk factors for arteriosclerosis. Only one patient had embolic events due to angiography. Microemboli related to cerebral angiographies are inevitable in some patients. Most are silent, however, we should investigate the cause of microemboli and should make cerebral angiography safer. (author)

  3. Estrategias para enriquecer la experiencia de enseñanza-aprendizaje

    OpenAIRE

    Talavera Pedrol, Núria

    2011-01-01

    Este documento tiene como objetivo aportar ideas a considerar en el diseño de programas de formación online o semipresenciales y contribuir a la generación de experiencias de aprendizaje enriquecidas y al uso eficiente de los recursos ofrecidos por la plataforma de e-learning SABENTIS.

  4. Birth Defects: Cerebral Palsy

    Science.gov (United States)

    ... Loss > Birth defects & other health conditions > Cerebral palsy Cerebral palsy E-mail to a friend Please fill in ... this page It's been added to your dashboard . Cerebral palsy (also called CP) is a group of conditions ...

  5. Employees with Cerebral Palsy

    Science.gov (United States)

    ... Resources Home | Accommodation and Compliance Series: Employees with Cerebral Palsy (CP) By Eddie Whidden, MA Preface Introduction Information ... SOAR) at http://AskJAN.org/soar. Information about Cerebral Palsy (CP) What is CP? Cerebral palsy is a ...

  6. Experiencias, sensaciones y demandas de (inseguridad ciudadana: configuraciones complejas en la Argentina reciente

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Daniel P. Míguez

    2013-06-01

    Full Text Available En las últimas décadas, el problema de la inseguridad debida al incremento del delito y elposible impacto sobre la estabilidad de las democracias latinoamericanas ha sido objeto dedebate recurrente. En este marco, el presente artículo analiza para el caso argentino la relaciónentre las experiencias y sensaciones de inseguridad, y su vinculación con las demandas derigor punitivo. El análisis se basa en la combinación de dos aproximaciones metodológicas.Inicialmente, se toman datos estadísticos de encuestas internacionales, como Latinobarómetro.Estos son luego comparados con datos revelados mediante la observación participante en unbarrio pobre de una ciudad intermedia de Argentina. La combinación de fuentes alternativaspermite ver la complejidad del proceso. Contrario a lo que muchas veces se ha asumido,no existen vínculos lineales que conduzcan de experiencias y sensaciones de seguridad ademandas de rigor punitivo. La manera en que los actores sociales elaboran sus experienciasde inseguridad es fuertemente situacional y, además, poco sistemática. Hemos encontradoque no necesariamente hay procesos consistentes de ‘construcción de sentido’ que articulenlas sensaciones y experiencias de inseguridad con demandas políticas.

  7. Experiencias y aprendizajes con juegos cooperativos

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Evelyn Cerdas Agüero

    2013-03-01

    Full Text Available El presente trabajo tiene como objetivo presentar experiencias y aprendizajes que  han logrado algunos grupos de docentes con los que se ha trabajado por medio de talleres de juegos cooperativos para la paz. Los talleres se han facilitado desde la actividad de extensión Aula Activa: juegos cooperativos para la Educación para la Paz que se ha implementado en el  Instituto de Estudios Latinoamericanos (IDELA desde el 2006. En este trabajo  nos enfocamos en el trabajo con docentes del Ministerio de Educación Pública (MEP de Costa Rica, proceso que deja una serie de aprendizajes actitudinales, de valores, habilidades y cognocitivos.

  8. Rentabilidad de hoteles boutique explicada desde la experiencia memorable

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Driselda Patricia Sánchez Aguirre

    2017-01-01

    Full Text Available Los hoteles boutique representan una tendencia en el sector de alojamiento, son organizaciones de lujo, con pocas habitaciones, que surgen a partir de las preferencias de viajeros irónicos y exigentes, aquellos que buscan un espacio en el que converja el escape de la realidad, pero al mismo tiempo puedan sentirse en casa. Aunque varios hoteles boutique son empresas pequeñas e incluso familiares, los indicadores reportados del segmento en México muestran organizaciones rentables en términos de la industria. El principal objetivo de este artículo es explicar la rentabilidad de estas organizaciones desde una perspectiva teórica, considerando la teoría de economía de la experiencia y su complementariedad con la teoría de recursos y capacidades. La reflexión final hace alusión al servicio superior, la capacidad para sorprender a sus huéspedes y la creatividad de los recursos humanos como los principales factores en la generación de experiencias memorables y que gracias a la reputación que construyen, contribuyen a la rentabilidad de estas organizaciones. |

  9. Experiencias divertidas de electroquímica casera

    OpenAIRE

    Santiago Heredia-Avalos

    2007-01-01

    La química, dentro de la cual se incluye la electroquímica, es una materia que los estudiantes suelen ver como complicada, aburrida, carente de interés y que, además requiere de material de laboratorio sofisticado y reactivos químicos inaccesibles. Nada más lejos de la realidad, tal y como se pondrá de manifiesto en este trabajo, donde se proponen varias experiencias sencillas usando sustancias baratas, la mayoría de las cuales pueden encontrarse en un supermercado, y utensilio...

  10. Hypothermia reduces cerebral metabolic rate and cerebral blood flow in newborn pigs

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Busija, D.W.; Leffler, C.W.

    1987-01-01

    The authors examined effects of hypothermia on cerebral metabolic rate and cerebral blood flow in anesthetized, newborn pigs (1-4 days old). Cerebral blood flow (CBF) was determined with 15-μm radioactive microspheres. Regional CBF ranged from 44 to 66 ml·min -1 ·100 g -1 , and cerebral metabolic rate was 1.94 ± 0.23 ml O 2 ·100 g -1 ·min -1 during normothermia (39 degree C). Reduction of rectal temperature to 34-35 degree C decreased CBF and cerebral metabolic rate 40-50%. In another group of piglets, they examined responsiveness of the cerebral circulation to arterial hypercapnia during hypothermia. Although absolute values for normocapnic and hypercapnic CBF were reduced by hypothermia and absolute values for normocapnic and hypercapnic cerebrovascular resistance were increased, the percentage changes from control in these variables during hypercapnia were similar during normothermia and hypothermia. In another group of animals that were maintained normothermic and exposed to two episodes of hypercapnia, there was no attenuation of cerebrovascular dilation during the second episode. They conclude that hypothermia reduces CBF secondarily to a decrease in cerebral metabolic rate and that percent dilator responsiveness to arterial hypercapnia is unaltered when body temperature is reduced

  11. Formas de mirar y de hacer ver: la experiencia visual en el trabajo de campo del topógrafo

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Carla Lois

    2013-06-01

    Full Text Available Hacia mediados del siglo XX estaba instalada la idea de que el objetivo de los topógrafos era capturar la morfología del terreno para transcribirla a un lenguaje gráfico estable y “universal”. Este modo de concebir la cartografía se entroncaba con una convicción más generalizada: que todo mapa era el producto de una abstracción intelectual que resultaba de procesos de mensura realizados con “objetividad”. Sin embargo, el trabajo del topógrafo en el terreno consistía en la puesta en acción de formas de percibir y registrar el espacio basadas en experiencias sensibles de observación visual. Esas experiencias eran volcadas en registros visuales que luego serían los insumos utilizados para elaborar el mapa. En este trabajo proponemos conectar la experiencia sensible del terreno y la inscripción cartográfica con la experiencia que un ojo entrenado tiene al observar el mapa.

  12. El rol del profesor y la actividad demostrativa: una experiencia de aula empleando Geogebra

    OpenAIRE

    Mejía, Cristina; Molina, Óscar

    2013-01-01

    En esta experiencia de aula presento un ciclo didáctico que forma parte del trabajo de grado que estoy desarrollando para optar por el título de maestría en docencia de las Matemáticas. Pretendo exponer una experiencia en la que se analiza el rol del profesor, bajo la teoría de la mediación semiótica y fundamentado en la aproximación metodológica para la enseñanza del grupo Æ•G. Tal ciclo planteado en un aula de octavo grado, favorece la construcción de un sistema teórico local y se emplea un...

  13. El trabajo colegiado, un espacio para narrar las experiencias desde la práctica docente

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Maríadel Rosario Landín Miranda

    2016-01-01

    Full Text Available Gestionar el aprendizaje y reaprendizaje durante el profesorado es todo un reto y todo un campo de estudio, por ello, en este trabajo, presentamos nuestra experiencia en la implementación de un proyecto de intervención que tuvo como propósito principal, generar un espacio colegiado para el aprendizaje de las experiencias docentes. El proyecto se implementó en la Escuela Secundaria Artículo 3° de Poza Rica, Veracruz, México, durante el periodo de agosto de 2014 a julio de 2015. La metodología base usada para el desarrollo del proyecto, fue la metodología APRA (Acceso, Permanencia y Rendimiento Académico, que es una propuesta de intervención que considera los elementos fundamentales que apoyan los procesos sistemáticos de cambio y mejora institucional. La estrategia de trabajo transversal empleada durante la intervención fue la narrativa, apoyada de otras estrategias, como el cuaderno docente, la narración de experiencias docentes, el trabajo colegiado con retroalimentación grupal y la autoevaluación.

  14. Hyperventilation, cerebral perfusion, and syncope

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Immink, R V; Pott, F C; Secher, N H

    2014-01-01

    dioxide (PaCO2) and oxygen (PaO2) partial pressures so that hypercapnia/hypoxia increases and hypocapnia/hyperoxia reduces global cerebral blood flow. Cerebral hypoperfusion and TLOC have been associated with hypocapnia related to HV. Notwithstanding pronounced cerebrovascular effects of PaCO2...... the contribution of a low PaCO2 to the early postural reduction in middle cerebral artery blood velocity is transient. HV together with postural stress does not reduce cerebral perfusion to such an extent that TLOC develops. However when HV is combined with cardiovascular stressors like cold immersion or reduced...... cardiac output brain perfusion becomes jeopardized. Whether, in patients with cardiovascular disease and/or defect, cerebral blood flow cerebral control HV-induced hypocapnia elicits cerebral hypoperfusion, leading to TLOC, remains to be established....

  15. Zigomicosis Zygomycosis

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    D Curutchet

    2010-06-01

    Full Text Available Zigomicosis es un término que alude a enfermedades infecciosas por agentes micóticos de la clase Zygomyces, que incluye los órdenes mucorales y entomoftorales productores de patologías clínicamente diferentes. La mucormicosis se caracteriza por invasión y necrosis vascular aguda, siderante, que afecta pacientes inmunodeprimidos mientras que la entomoftormicosis suele ser un proceso crónico en ciertos individuos inmunocompetentes de zonas tropicales y subtropicales. Se desarrolla el tema y se presenta un caso de mucormicosis.Zygomycosis is a term that refers to infectious fungal agents Zygomyces class, which includes the orders Mucorales and Entomophthorales producing different clinical conditions. Mucormycosis is characterized by hiperacute vascular invasion and necrosis, very serious, that affects immunocompromised patients while entomoftormicosis usually is a chronic process in immunocompetent individuals of certain tropical and subtropical areas. It develops the theme and presents a case of mucormycosis.

  16. Una experiencia lexicográfica

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    José Aldemar Álvarez Valencia

    2006-01-01

    Full Text Available Las dinámicas actuales de las sociedades modernas y postmodernas hacen que haya una constante creación y flujo de unidades léxicas cuyo origen se hace cada vez más difícil de identificar. Este documento se propone reportar una experiencia investigativa en el área de la lexicografía que se llevó a cabo en algunos pueblos de la región de Cundinamarca. A través de grabaciones de audio de conversaciones informales, entrevistas y cuestionarios se buscó elaborar un glosario de naturaleza dialectal. Las conclusiones indican que debido a la movilidad de los habitantes de la ciudad de Bogotá hacia los pueblos de Cundinamarca y viceversa, es difuso determinar un vocabulario específico.

  17. El principio de confiabilidad en el registro electoral. La experiencia cubana

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Raudiel Peña Barrios

    2015-01-01

    Full Text Available Este artículo pretende dar una panorámica acerca del contenido del principio de confiabilidad en materia registral, específicamente, en sede del registro de electores. Abordaremos las implicaciones que dicho principio tiene para la información que es manejada por los registros electorales, así como las medidas que pueden desarrollarse con el objetivo de lograr niveles cada vez más altos de confiabilidad. En este sentido, expondremos experiencias que se basan fundamentalmente en la utilización de la biometría y en el fortalecimiento del registro civil, como sustento, este último, de un registro electoral eficiente teniendo en cuenta la relación natural que existe entre ambos. Además, ofreceremos un análisis detallado de los puntos de ruptura del registro de electores cubano con el citado principio, con el objetivo de analizar la experiencia de Cuba. Por último, expondremos algunas ideas generales que pudieran contribuir al perfeccionamiento del registro electoral cubano

  18. La experiencia de usuario como clave del éxito den la formación online

    OpenAIRE

    GARCIA MARTINEZ, MARIA SOL

    2016-01-01

    El presente estudio realiza una comparativa de los elementos que incluyen en la experiencia de usuario en el ámbito de la formación online dependiendo del rol de usuario, alumnado o profesionales del e-learning. Para ello se realiza un análisis a través de técnicas cuantitativas que nos permitirá respaldar las opiniones y teorías realizadas por la autora del proyecto tras más de quince años de experiencia como profesional de la formación online para diferentes tipos de entidad. Garcia M...

  19. Intradisciplinariedad e Interdisciplinariedad en la adquisición de competencias: estudio de una experiencia de aprendizaje cooperativo

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Pere Lavega

    2013-01-01

    Full Text Available Los objetivos planteados en este estudio fueron: analizar el nivel de adquisición de las competencias, estudiar el desarrollo del trabajo en equipo y el proceso de interacción profesor – alumno desde ambas perspectivas, así como desvelar el grado de satisfacción expresado por discentes y docentes en una experiencia pedagógica intradisciplinar e interdisciplinar. Esta experiencia se realizó con 130 estudiantes del grado en ciencias de la actividad física y del deporte (INEFC, Universidad de Lleida, con la implicación de seis profesores de tres asignaturas de primer curso que compartían competencias específicas y transversales. Los alumnos debían resolver un problema mediante el aprendizaje cooperativo. Los resultados muestran que esta experiencia merece una valoración positiva en la adquisición de competencias específicas y transversales.

  20. Curso híbrido y de aula invertida apoyado en MOOC: experiencia de autoevaluación

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Patricia Salinas Martínez

    2015-04-01

    Full Text Available Este escrito comparte elementos sobre el diseño e implementación del curso híbrido y aula invertida de “Introducción a las matemáticas universitarias”, apoyado en el curso MOOC “Matemáticas y movimiento” en Coursera. La experiencia se realizó en el segundo semestre de 2013 con ocho grupos escolares en una universidad prestigiosa del norte de México. El trabajo fuera del aula y en línea incluye el estudio de videos en preparación para las actividades presenciales en aula, en las que se profundiza en el aprendizaje que los videos promueven. La experiencia considera el trabajo colegiado entre los profesores durante el cual fueron tomadas decisiones a favor de indagar de manera sistemática las bondades de este tipo de formato innovador para el curso. Un estudio diagnóstico se efectúa para valorar varias dimensiones de la experiencia, entre ellas la evaluación, dimensión a la que se dedica este trabajo. La peculiaridad de haber integrado un proceso de autoevaluación por parte de los estudiantes para conformar su calificación del curso invita a la documentación de esta experiencia. Nuestra intención es incitar la reflexión académica acerca del proceso de evaluación ante los cambios de modalidad que se están gestando en la impartición de cursos universitarios.

  1. La experiencia semestral

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Heidi Cañón

    2003-11-01

    Full Text Available La Corporación Opción Colombia brinda a los estudiantes universitarios la posibilidad de confrontar la teoría de las aulas con la realidad del país. Quienes aplican al programa reciben talleres de capacitación e información sobre los convenios vigentes y los perfiles requeridos par cada uno de ellos. Superada esta primera etapa y de acuerdo con sus expectativas, el estudiante aplica a algunos de los proyectos y la corporación se encarga de ubicarlo en alguna zona del país. En este artículo, el lector conocerá el caso de una estudiante de la Facultad de Administración de Empresas Turísticas y Hoteleras, quien fue ubicada en los municipios Pijao y La Tebaida (Quindío para desarrollar actividades dentro del programa Computadores para Educar, iniciativa que busca proveer de tecnología a las escuelas públicas. La autora deja entrever sus emociones, su visión antes y después de esta experiencia y los aportes dados y recibidos durante el proceso.

  2. Experiencia Pedagogica con Adolescentes Paraliticos Cerebrales: La Musica, Un Elemento Rehabilitador (A Pedagogical Experience with Teenage Cerebral Paralytics Using Music as a Rehabilitating Element).

    Science.gov (United States)

    Colomer, Marta; And Others

    The monograph describes efforts carried out in the Department of Work Therapy of a center for cerebral paralysis in Barcelona, Spain. The rehabilitation program incorporated music and movement in an attempt to develop the musical ear, sensitivity, and a sensorial education. The program stresses rhythm, melody, harmony, voice, musical audition, and…

  3. Cerebral vasculitis

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Greenan, T.J.; Grossman, R.I.

    1990-01-01

    This paper reviews retrospectively MR, CT, and angiographic findings in patients with cerebral vasculitis in order to understand the strengths and weaknesses of the various imaging modalities, as well as the spectrum of imaging abnormalities in this disease entity. Studies were retrospectively reviewed in 12 patients with cerebral vasculitis proved by means of angiography and/or brain biopsy

  4. Aplicación de la experiencia de usuario accesible en entornos web de recursos educativos abiertos

    OpenAIRE

    Navarrete, Rosa

    2017-01-01

    Esta tesis propone la aplicación de la experiencia de usuario accesible para el diseño de entornos web de recursos educativos abiertos accesibles. Los principales aportes de son: (i) la recopilación del estado de la cuestión mediante una revisión sistemática de la literatura; (ii) la caracterización de los problemas de accesibilidad, usabilidad y arquitectura de información en los entornos web de REA; (iii) la propuesta del concepto de experiencia de usuario accesible para guiar el desarro...

  5. El aprendizaje de la traducción a través del uso de portfolios: descripción de una experiencia

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Francisco Javier Fernández Polo

    2011-12-01

    Full Text Available El aprendizaje de la traducción a través del uso de portfolios: descripción de una experienciaEn este trabajo se describe una experiencia pedagógica consistente en la introducción del portafolio como herramienta de aprendizaje y evaluación en un curso universitario de traducción. La descripción se basa en datos recogidos durante dos años y en los resultados de un cuestionario administrado a los participantes. Tras una breve contextualización de la experiencia y la reflexión sobre los aspectos más relevantes del portafolio para la enseñanza de la traducción, específicamente en la universidad, se ofrece una descripción exhaustiva de los efectos positivos de la utilización del instrumento en el curso. El trabajo termina con una valoración de la experiencia por parte de los participantes. 

  6. [Cerebral protection].

    Science.gov (United States)

    Cattaneo, A D

    1993-09-01

    Cerebral protection means prevention of cerebral neuronal damage. Severe brain damage extinguishes the very "human" functions such as speech, consciousness, intellectual capacity, and emotional integrity. Many pathologic conditions may inflict injuries to the brain, therefore the protection and salvage of cerebral neuronal function must be the top priorities in the care of critically ill patients. Brain tissue has unusually high energy requirements, its stores of energy metabolites are small and, as a result, the brain is totally dependent on a continuous supply of substrates and oxygen, via the circulation. In complete global ischemia (cardiac arrest) reperfusion is characterized by an immediate reactive hyperemia followed within 20-30 min by a delayed hypoperfusion state. It has been postulated that the latter contributes to the ultimate neurologic outcome. In focal ischemia (stroke) the primary focus of necrosis is encircled by an area (ischemic penumbra) that is underperfused and contains neurotoxic substances such as free radicals, prostaglandins, calcium, and excitatory neurotransmitters. The variety of therapeutic effort that have addressed the question of protecting the brain reflects their limited success. 1) Barbiturates. After an initial enthusiastic endorsement by many clinicians and years of vigorous controversy, it can now be unequivocally stated that there is no place for barbiturate therapy following resuscitation from cardiac arrest. One presumed explanation for this negative statement is that cerebral metabolic suppression by barbiturates (and other anesthetics) is impossible in the absence of an active EEG. Conversely, in the event of incomplete ischemia EEG activity in usually present (albeit altered) and metabolic suppression and hence possibly protection can be induced with barbiturates. Indeed, most of the animal studies led to a number of recommendations for barbiturate therapy in man for incomplete ischemia. 2) Isoflurane. From a cerebral

  7. Dynamic digitized cerebral parenchymography

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Theron, J.; Alachkar, F.; Nelson, M.; Mazia, D.

    1992-01-01

    Aortic arch injections centred on the head have been performed routinely in patients with cerebral ischaemia. Digital angiograms with modified windowing (low and narrow) have been used. This 'cerebral' arch injection allows much improved analysis of the cerebral parenchymal vascularization, giving better understanding of hemispheric ischaemia and making the decision about revascularization more rational. (orig.)

  8. What is cerebral small vessel disease?

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Onodera, Osamu

    2011-01-01

    An accumulating amount of evidence suggests that the white matter hyperintensities on T 2 weighted brain magnetic resonance imaging predict an increased risk of dementia and gait disturbance. This state has been proposed as cerebral small vessel disease, including leukoaraiosis, Binswanger's disease, lacunar stroke and cerebral microbleeds. However, the concept of cerebral small vessel disease is still obscure. To understand the cerebral small vessel disease, the precise structure and function of cerebral small vessels must be clarified. Cerebral small vessels include several different arteries which have different anatomical structures and functions. Important functions of the cerebral small vessels are blood-brain barrier and perivasucular drainage of interstitial fluid from the brain parenchyma. Cerebral capillaries and glial endfeet, take an important role for these functions. However, the previous pathological investigations on cerebral small vessels have focused on larger arteries than capillaries. Therefore little is known about the pathology of capillaries in small vessel disease. The recent discoveries of genes which cause the cerebral small vessel disease indicate that the cerebral small vessel diseases are caused by a distinct molecular mechanism. One of the pathological findings in hereditary cerebral small vessel disease is the loss of smooth muscle cells, which is an also well-recognized finding in sporadic cerebral small vessel disease. Since pericytes have similar character with the smooth muscle cells, the pericytes should be investigated in these disorders. In addition, the loss of smooth muscle cells may result in dysfunction of drainage of interstitial fluid from capillaries. The precise correlation between the loss of smooth muscle cells and white matter disease is still unknown. However, the function that is specific to cerebral small vessel may be associated with the pathogenesis of cerebral small vessel disease. (author)

  9. VIOLENCIA URBANA Y SUBJETIVIDADES VICTIMIZANTES: SENTIDOS Y EXPERIENCIAS ORGANIZATIVAS DE LAS VÍCTIMAS DE LA INSEGURIDAD EN ARGENTINA

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Mercedes Celina Calzado

    2014-01-01

    Full Text Available La violencia urbana introduce en América Latina modalidades de narrar las experiencias de victimización. En las sociedades de seguridad se reconfiguran las subjetividades y se redefinen discursos y prácticas políticas individuales y colectivas. Este artículo reflexiona acerca de los modos en que se constituyen los discursos de los grupos organizados de víctimas de la inseguridad en Argentina ¿La experiencia individual define la subjetividad? ¿Ser familiar de una víctima fatal (o no de la criminalidad establece los parámetros desde los cuales se explica la experiencia? ¿O se ordena a partir de definiciones previas de verdad, conceptos preexistentes que nominalizan el sufrimiento? Desde un conjunto de entrevistas realizadas a familiares de víctimas de la inseguridad, se reflexiona sobre las experiencias que originan un sujeto colectivo atravesado por la violencia urbana. Esta investigación propone una tipología con cinco clases de vocabularios de intervención de los grupos organizados de víctimas de la inseguridad: colectivos tópicos, colectivos categóricos, colectivos de cercanías, colectivos “manzaneros” y colectivos mínimos.

  10. Cerebral malaria: susceptibility weighted MRI

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Vinit Baliyan

    2015-03-01

    Full Text Available Cerebral malaria is one of the fatal complications of Plasmodium falciparum infection. Pathogenesis involves cerebral microangiopathy related to microvascular plugging by infected red blood cells. Conventional imaging with MRI and CT do not reveal anything specific in case of cerebral malaria. Susceptibility weighted imaging, a recent advance in the MRI, is very sensitive to microbleeds related to microangiopathy. Histopathological studies in cerebral malaria have revealed microbleeds in brain parenchyma secondary to microangiopathy. Susceptibility weighted imaging, being exquisitely sensitive to microbleeds may provide additional information and improve the diagnostic accuracy of MRI in cerebral malaria.

  11. Cerebral Oximetry in Cardiac Surgery

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    A. N. Shepelyuk

    2012-01-01

    Full Text Available Based on the data of numerous current references, the review describes different neuromonitoring methods during cardiac surgery under extracorporeal circulation. It shows that it is important and necessary to make neuromonitoring for the early diagnosis and prevention of neurological complications after cardiac surgery. Particular attention is given to cerebral oximetry; the possibilities and advantages of this technique are described. Correction of cerebral oximetric values is shown to improve survival rates and to reduce the incidence of postoperative complications. Lack of cerebral oximetry monitoring denudes a clinician of important information and possibilities to optimize patient status and to prevent potentially menacing complications, which allows one to conclude that it is necessary to use cerebral oximetry procedures within neu-romonitoring in cardiac surgery. Key words: extracorporeal circulation, cerebral oximetry, neurological dysfunction, cerebral oxygenation.

  12. Smart cities, smart lights. Digital signane y experiencia urbana

    OpenAIRE

    Flore, Giovanni; Pozzoni, Alfio

    2012-01-01

    Este artículo aborda la experiencia lumínica en la ciudad inteligente y digital o, dicho de otro modo, el uso, cada vez mayor, de la digital signane visual en el entorno urbano, al aire libre y en lugares públicos. La investigación se centra en las áreas de la ciudad donde esta "contaminación" digital goza de mayor visibilidad y accesibilidad, es decir, las zonas comerciales.

  13. Cerebral venous angioma

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Inagawa, Tetsuji; Taguchi, Haruyoshi; Kamiya, Kazuko; Yano, Takashi; Nakajima, Reiko

    1984-01-01

    This report presents a 27-year-old male patient who was diagnosed as having cerebral venous angioma in the postero-temporal area by CT scan and cerebral angiography. The patient improved by removing angioma with electrocoagulation of medullary veins. (Namekawa, K.)

  14. El aprendizaje en-línea: Una experiencia en el Instituto Tecnológico de Costa Rica

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Rosa Inés Lira Valdivia

    2002-01-01

    Full Text Available La ponencia pretende compartir una experiencia significativa en el ámbito de los cursos virtuales o de la “Comunicación mediada por computadora”. Se enmarca en el contexto de la experiencia generada en el Instituto Tecnológico de Costa Rica, a través del TEC-Virtual cuyo objetivo es producir y poner a disposición de la comunidad cursos universitarios de alta calidad tecnológica y pedagógica en la modalidad asincrónica

  15. Desarrollo del Cuestionario de Experiencias de Violencia en las Relaciones de Pareja y Familia en Estudiantes Universitarios

    OpenAIRE

    Villafañe Santiago, Angel A.; Universidad de Puerto Rico; Jimenez Chafey, Maria Isabel; Universidad de Puerto Rico; De Jesus Carrasquillo, Damaris; Universidad de Puerto Rico; Vázquez Ramos, Robinson A.; Universidad de Puerto Rico

    2010-01-01

    Este estudio presenta el proceso de desarrollo del Cuestionario de Experiencias de Violencia en las Relaciones de Pareja y Familia en Estudiantes Universitarios, así como sus propiedades psicométricas y hallazgos a través de un estudio piloto. El instrumento exploró las experiencias de violencia de una muestra de estudiantes en las relaciones de pareja y de familia en cuatro contextos: de la pareja hacia el/la estudiante; del estudiante hacia la pareja; observada entre padres; y de los padre...

  16. La creación y promoción de experiencias en un destino turístico. Un análisis de la investigación y necesidades de actuación

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Rita Carballo Fuentes

    2015-01-01

    Full Text Available El artículo realiza una profunda revisión teórica de un término de creciente interés: la experiencia. Se aborda la comprensión de las dimensiones de la experiencia turística, cómo analizarlas, y cómo desarrollar y comunicar una experiencia turística, presentado especial atención a la marca y los eventos como paradigma promocional de la misma. Como aportaciones principales, este trabajo analiza e identifica la situación de la investigación sobre experiencias turísticas, y finaliza con una propuesta: matriz de diseño de la experiencia, para la implementación práctica de experiencias en un destino.

  17. Nanomedicine in cerebral palsy

    Science.gov (United States)

    Balakrishnan, Bindu; Nance, Elizabeth; Johnston, Michael V; Kannan, Rangaramanujam; Kannan, Sujatha

    2013-01-01

    Cerebral palsy is a chronic childhood disorder that can have diverse etiologies. Injury to the developing brain that occurs either in utero or soon after birth can result in the motor, sensory, and cognitive deficits seen in cerebral palsy. Although the etiologies for cerebral palsy are variable, neuroinflammation plays a key role in the pathophysiology of the brain injury irrespective of the etiology. Currently, there is no effective cure for cerebral palsy. Nanomedicine offers a new frontier in the development of therapies for prevention and treatment of brain injury resulting in cerebral palsy. Nanomaterials such as dendrimers provide opportunities for the targeted delivery of multiple drugs that can mitigate several pathways involved in injury and can be delivered specifically to the cells that are responsible for neuroinflammation and injury. These materials also offer the opportunity to deliver agents that would promote repair and regeneration in the brain, resulting not only in attenuation of injury, but also enabling normal growth. In this review, the current advances in nanotechnology for treatment of brain injury are discussed with specific relevance to cerebral palsy. Future directions that would facilitate clinical translation in neonates and children are also addressed. PMID:24204146

  18. Cerebral oxygen metabolism and cerebral blood flow in man during light sleep (stage 2)

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Madsen, P L; Schmidt, J F; Holm, S

    1991-01-01

    . They differ in respect of arousal threshold as a stronger stimulus is required to awaken a subject from deep sleep as compared to light sleep. Our results suggest that during non-rapid eye movement sleep cerebral metabolism and thereby cerebral synaptic activity is correlated to cerebral readiness rather than...

  19. Evaluation of ocular acupuncture on cerebral infarction with cerebral blood flow perfusion imaging

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Li Yuge; Gao Qinyi; Wang Shuang; Zhao Yong

    2008-01-01

    To evaluate the immediate effect of ocular acupuncture on patients, an method of SPECT image of cerebral blood flow daily stress test was established. 10 patients diagnosed as cerebral infarction by CT or MRI were tested. They all received 99 Tc m -ECD SPECT imaging at twice before and after ocular acupuncture. By means of image subtraction technique and semi-quantitative method of regional interesting area, the change of regional cerebral blood flow was observed between the two images. Under restful state perfusion of cerebral blood flow in 18 foci was low at the frontal lobe, the cerebellum, the basal ganglia and temporal lobe. After ocular acupuncture, the perfusions were obviously increased in 16 foci among them and the reactivity of the frontal lobe and the cerebellum to ocular acupuncture was higher, the average improvement rate of which was 55.15% and 53.06% respectively, lower in the basal ganglia and temporal lobe, the average improvement rate was 31.79% and 36.67% respectively. 99 Tc m -ECD SPECT cerebral perfusion image has some significant clinic value for evaluating the effect of ocular acupuncture to treating cerebral infarction. (authors)

  20. Study of cerebral vascular diseases with radioisotopes in cerebral atherosclerotical subjects and/for subjects with sequelae of cerebral stroke, before and after use of the association piracetam-dihydroergotoxine

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Lara, P.F.; Ferreira, A.; Paulillo, L.F.; Cukierman, M.

    1985-01-01

    Twently subjects with cerebral sclerosis and/or sequelas of cerebral stroke were studied, before and after use of piracetam-dihydroergotoxine. We performed the complete hemispheric cerebral blood flow and cerebral scintigraphy, beyond clinical and neurological examination. Scintigraphies were unchanged. Cerebral circulation times, or both hemispheres, diminished. This occurred, probably, in relation with metabolic effects of both pharmaceutical drugs. The alpha sympatolytic and modulatory effects of dihydroergotoxine should be considered. (author) [pt

  1. Experiencias para observar el fenómeno de fluorescencia con luz ultravioleta

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Heredia Avalos, S.

    2008-09-01

    Full Text Available La fluorescencia tiene lugar cuando una sustancia emite luz visible al absorber radiación de una longitud de onda menor, como por ejemplo luz ultravioleta. La diferencia entre la energía absorbida (del fotón ultravioleta y la emitida (del fotón visible se disipa en forma de calor. Se dice que la sustancia posee fluorescenciacuando este proceso es muy rápido; si es más lento se dice que la sustancia posee fosforescencia. A continuación se describen varias experiencias sencillas para poner de manifiesto el fenómeno de fluorescencia. Todas ellas requieren de reactivos y materiales fácilmente accesibles y asequibles y se pueden realizar con alumnos de secundaria o de bachillerato para poner de manifiesto este fenómeno. Además, también se propone una experiencia en la que se observa la reversibilidad de las reacciones químicas ácido-base a través de la fluorescencia.

  2. Violencia urbana y subjetividades victimizantes: sentidos y experiencias organizativas de las víctimas de la inseguridad en Argentina

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Mercedes Celina Calzado

    2014-09-01

    Full Text Available La violencia urbana introduce en América Latina modalidades de narrar las experiencias de victimización. En las sociedades de seguridad se reconfiguran las subjetividades y se redefinen discursos y prácticas políticas individuales y colectivas. Este artículo reflexiona acerca de los modos en que se constituyen los discursos de los grupos organizados de víctimas de la inseguridad en Argentina ¿La experiencia individual define la subjetividad? ¿Ser familiar de una víctima fatal (o no de la criminalidad establece los parámetros desde los cuales se explica la experiencia? ¿O se ordena a partir de definiciones previas de verdad, conceptos preexistentes que nominalizan el sufrimiento? Desde un conjunto de entrevistas realizadas a familiares de víctimas de la inseguridad, se reflexiona sobre las experiencias que originan un sujeto colectivo atravesado por la violencia urbana. Esta investigación propone una tipología con cinco clases de vocabularios de intervención de los grupos organizados de víctimas de la inseguridad: colectivos tópicos, colectivos categóricos, colectivos de cercanías, colectivos “manzaneros” y colectivos mínimos.

  3. Experiencias caseras que muestran aspectos del funcionamiento de la vista, el gusto y el tacto

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Juan A. Navarro de Tuero

    2011-01-01

    Full Text Available En el laboratorio de Biología explicamos el funcionamiento de algunos de nuestros órganos de los sentidos (vista, olfato, gusto y tacto a través de una serie de experiencias que a lo largo de los años han evidenciado ser muy didácticas. Muestran parte del proceso físico en sí y, al exigir la participación activa del alumnado, permiten que éste aprenda divirtiéndose. Lo fácil y barato que resulta realizar estas experiencias, junto a su gran capacidad de generar asombro, invitan a su difusión y ejecución a todos los niveles.

  4. Experiencias caseras que muestran aspectos del funcionamiento de la vista, el gusto y el tacto

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Juan A. Navarro de Tuero

    2011-04-01

    Full Text Available En el laboratorio de Biología explicamos el funcionamiento de algunos de nuestros órganos de los sentidos (vista, olfato, gusto y tacto a través de una serie de experiencias que a lo largo de los años han evidenciado ser muy didácticas. Muestran parte del proceso físico en sí y, al exigir la participación activa del alumnado, permiten que éste aprenda divirtiéndose. Lo fácil y barato que resulta realizar estas experiencias, junto a su gran capacidad degenerar asombro, invitan a su difusión y ejecución a todos los niveles.

  5. Prediction of cerebral ischemia due to cerebral vasospasm in SAH using SPECT and 123I-IMP with acetazolamide test

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Nakagawara, Jyoji; Wada, Keiji; Takeda, Rihei; Usami, Takashi; Hashimoto, Ikuo; Shimazaki, Mitsuteru; Tanaka, Chiharu; Nakamura, Jun-ichi; Suematsu, Katsumi.

    1989-01-01

    To investigate the possibility of predicting cerebral ischemia due to cerebral vasospasm in subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH), serial evaluation of the cerebral vasodilatory capacity by the acetazolamide test was conducted, using single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) and N-isopropyl 123 I-p-iodoamphetamine (IMP), in 17 patients with cerebral vasospasm following early surgery for ruptured aneurysms. The degree of vasospasm measured on the angiograms was classified into the following three types; mild degree (25%>stenosis), moderate degree (25∼50% stenosis), and severe degree(50%cerebral vasodilatory capacity was preserved at the normal level during the period of vasospasm. In eight patients with asymptomatic vasospasm (moderate degree), a transient limitation of cerebral vasodiratory capacity was observed between the 6th and 16th day after a rupture of the cerebral aneurysm. In five patients with symptomatic vasospasm resulting in reversible ischemia, a marked limitation of cerebral vasodilatory capacity was noted between the 7th and 15th day, and a delayed recovery of cerebral vasodilatory capacity was observed. This reversibility of cerebral vasodilatory capacity in patients with cerebral vasospasm suggests that a local decrease of purfusion pressure due to cerebral vasospasm causes compensatory vasodilation of intraparenchymal arteries and the vasodilatory reaction to acetazolamide was limited until the release of the cerebral vasospasm. Therefore, assessment of cerebral vasodilatory capacity in SAH by the acetazolamide test might predict the appearance and continuation of potential ischemia of the brain caused by the reduction of perfusion pressure due to cerebral vasospasm. (J.P.N.)

  6. OBSERVACIONES PRÁCTICAS EN BASE A LA EXPERIENCIA AUDIOLÓGICA EN IMPLANTE COCLEAR

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    TM. Raquel Levy

    2016-11-01

    En base a nuestra experiencia como centro de referencia a nivel nacional en ésta área, deseamos entregar algunas orientaciones y describir las características más relevantes de los pacientes implantados de acuerdo a su rango etario.

  7. Experiencia de intercambio docente en dos asignaturas de Inteligencia Artificial en universidades argentinas

    OpenAIRE

    Mariño, Sonia Itatí; Rambo, Alice

    2014-01-01

    En ámbitos de Educación Superior se propicia la generación de redes de intercambio y difusión de conocimientos y experiencias. Se describe una iniciativa docente desarrollada en dos asignaturas que abordan temas de Inteligencia Artificial.

  8. EL CUERPO INVESTIGADOR, EL CUERPO INVESTIGADO. Una aproximación fenomenológica a la experiencia del puerperio

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    ANA SABRINA MORA

    2009-01-01

    Full Text Available El OBJETIVO DE ESTE ARTÍCULO ES EXPLORAR LA UTILIDAD DE LAS DESCRIPCIONES FENOMENOLÓGIcas, incluyendo las experiencias de quien realiza la investigación, como parte de los análisis socioantropológicos sobre el cuerpo y la sexualidad, en especial, para aproximarse al estudio del puerperio y a algunas experiencias que suelen asociarse a él en la contemporaneidad occidental. Intenta, además, integrar la propuesta metodológica de la fenomenología con los marcos analíticos postestructuralistas. Se parte de la idea de que la observación de acontecimientos vitales intensos como el parto y elpuerperio, es una vía de acceso al conocimiento de todas aquellas experiencias que desde el cuerpo repercuten sobre la subjetividad, y considera al cuerpo y al sujeto como una unidad indisoluble, que sólo puede comprenderse desde su imbricación, tal como lo establece la perspectiva del embodiment.

  9. Experiencias Atípicas Psicóticas y Cuasi-Psicóticas en Adolescentes Puertorriqueños/as Deprimidos/as: Prevalencia y Factores Asociados

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Yaritza M. López-Robledo

    2009-01-01

    Full Text Available Se examinó la prevalencia de experiencias atípicas psicóticas y cuasi-psicóticas y se identificaron factores asociados a éstas en 162 jóvenes puertorriqueños/as entre 13 y 17.5 años. Se evaluó la sintomatología depresiva, la ideación suicida, así como la presencia o historia de experiencias atípicas, eventos traumáticos y maltrato o abuso. Las experiencias atípicas estuvieron asociadas (p<.05 a ser fémina, a tener enfermedades físicas, a experimentar eventos traumáticos, a haber recibido tratamiento para la depresión, y a una sintomatología depresiva e ideación suicida elevada. Los eventos traumáticos, el tratamiento farmacológico para la depresión y la severidad de la ideación suicida fueron predictores significativos del número de experiencias reportadas. Los resultados confirman que la mayoría de las experiencias no son psicóticas. Se discuten las implicaciones para la evaluación y el tratamiento de jóvenes deprimidos/as.

  10. Effects of intermittent theta burst stimulation on cerebral blood flow and cerebral vasomotor reactivity.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Pichiorri, Floriana; Vicenzini, Edoardo; Gilio, Francesca; Giacomelli, Elena; Frasca, Vittorio; Cambieri, Chiara; Ceccanti, Marco; Di Piero, Vittorio; Inghilleri, Maurizio

    2012-08-01

    To determine whether intermittent theta burst stimulation influences cerebral hemodynamics, we investigated changes induced by intermittent theta burst stimulation on the middle cerebral artery cerebral blood flow velocity and vasomotor reactivity to carbon dioxide (CO(2)) in healthy participants. The middle cerebral artery flow velocity and vasomotor reactivity were monitored by continuous transcranial Doppler sonography. Changes in cortical excitability were tested by transcranial magnetic stimulation. In 11 healthy participants, before and immediately after delivering intermittent theta burst stimulation, we tested cortical excitability measured by the resting motor threshold and motor evoked potential amplitude over the stimulated hemisphere and vasomotor reactivity to CO(2) bilaterally. The blood flow velocity was monitored in both middle cerebral arteries throughout the experimental session. In a separate session, we tested the effects of sham stimulation under the same experimental conditions. Whereas the resting motor threshold remained unchanged before and after stimulation, motor evoked potential amplitudes increased significantly (P = .04). During and after stimulation, middle cerebral artery blood flow velocities also remained bilaterally unchanged, whereas vasomotor reactivity to CO(2) increased bilaterally (P = .04). The sham stimulation left all variables unchanged. The expected intermittent theta burst stimulation-induced changes in cortical excitability were not accompanied by changes in cerebral blood flow velocities; however, the bilateral increased vasomotor reactivity suggests that intermittent theta burst stimulation influences the cerebral microcirculation, possibly involving subcortical structures. These findings provide useful information on hemodynamic phenomena accompanying intermittent theta burst stimulation, which should be considered in research aimed at developing this noninvasive, low-intensity stimulation technique for safe

  11. Quantification of extra-cerebral and cerebral hemoglobin concentrations during physical exercise using time-domain near infrared spectroscopy.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Auger, Héloïse; Bherer, Louis; Boucher, Étienne; Hoge, Richard; Lesage, Frédéric; Dehaes, Mathieu

    2016-10-01

    Fitness is known to have beneficial effects on brain anatomy and function. However, the understanding of mechanisms underlying immediate and long-term neurophysiological changes due to exercise is currently incomplete due to the lack of tools to investigate brain function during physical activity. In this study, we used time-domain near infrared spectroscopy (TD-NIRS) to quantify and discriminate extra-cerebral and cerebral hemoglobin concentrations and oxygen saturation ( SO 2 ) in young adults at rest and during incremental intensity exercise. In extra-cerebral tissue, an increase in deoxy-hemoglobin ( HbR ) and a decrease in SO 2 were observed while only cerebral HbR increased at high intensity exercise. Results in extra-cerebral tissue are consistent with thermoregulatory mechanisms to dissipate excess heat through skin blood flow, while cerebral changes are in agreement with cerebral blood flow ( CBF ) redistribution mechanisms to meet oxygen demand in activated regions during exercise. No significant difference was observed in oxy- ( HbO 2 ) and total hemoglobin ( HbT ). In addition HbO 2 , HbR and HbT increased with subject's peak power output (equivalent to the maximum oxygen volume consumption; VO 2 peak) supporting previous observations of increased total mass of red blood cells in trained individuals. Our results also revealed known gender differences with higher hemoglobin in men. Our approach in quantifying both extra-cerebral and cerebral absolute hemoglobin during exercise may help to better interpret past and future continuous-wave NIRS studies that are prone to extra-cerebral contamination and allow a better understanding of acute cerebral changes due to physical exercise.

  12. Sodium transport through the cerebral sodium-glucose transporter exacerbates neuron damage during cerebral ischaemia.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Yamazaki, Yui; Harada, Shinichi; Wada, Tetsuyuki; Yoshida, Shigeru; Tokuyama, Shogo

    2016-07-01

    We recently demonstrated that the cerebral sodium-glucose transporter (SGLT) is involved in postischaemic hyperglycaemia-induced exacerbation of cerebral ischaemia. However, the associated SGLT-mediated mechanisms remain unclear. Thus, we examined the involvement of cerebral SGLT-induced excessive sodium ion influx in the development of cerebral ischaemic neuronal damage. [Na+]i was estimated according to sodium-binding benzofuran isophthalate fluorescence. In the in vitro study, primary cortical neurons were prepared from fetuses of ddY mice. Primary cortical neurons were cultured for 5 days before each treatment with reagents, and these survival rates were assessed using biochemical assays. In in vivo study, a mouse model of focal ischaemia was generated using middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO). In these experiments, treatment with high concentrations of glucose induced increment in [Na+]i, and this phenomenon was suppressed by the SGLT-specific inhibitor phlorizin. SGLT-specific sodium ion influx was induced using a-methyl-D-glucopyranoside (a-MG) treatments, which led to significant concentration-dependent declines in neuronal survival rates and exacerbated hydrogen peroxide-induced neuronal cell death. Moreover, phlorizin ameliorated these effects. Finally, intracerebroventricular administration of a-MG exacerbated the development of neuronal damage induced by MCAO, and these effects were ameliorated by the administration of phlorizin. Hence, excessive influx of sodium ions into neuronal cells through cerebral SGLT may exacerbate the development of cerebral ischaemic neuronal damage. © 2016 Royal Pharmaceutical Society.

  13. Experiencias de envejecimiento en el México rural Aging experiences in rural Mexico

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Sandra Treviño-Siller

    2006-02-01

    Full Text Available OBJETIVO: Explorar la experiencia de envejecimiento de hombres y mujeres mayores de 60 años, que viven en contextos rurales de pobreza en los estados de Guerrero y Morelos, México. MATERIAL Y MÉTODOS: Se diseñó un estudio cualitativo basado en entrevistas semiestructuradas. Se trabajó en comunidades con menos de 2 500 habitantes, pobres y de alta marginación. RESULTADOS: La experiencia de envejecimiento es radicalmente diferente según la condición de género; esta vivencia resulta ser más positiva para las mujeres. La soledad es un factor que configura la experiencia diferencial del envejecimiento, así como las redes sociales y el estado de salud-enfermedad. Los principales temores asociados a la vejez fueron la soledad, la enfermedad, la pobreza y la pérdida de independencia. CONCLUSIONES: La identidad de género desempeña un papel fundamental en la configuración de la experiencia diferencial del proceso de envejecimiento, debido a que las oportunidades de desarrollo y las responsabilidades que se derivan de ella, promueven la desigualdad entre los sexos. Es necesario hacer más eficiente la respuesta institucional, de manera que responda a las necesidades específicas de esta población.OBJECTIVE: To explore the aging experience among men and women older than 60 years, living in rural areas from the states of Guerrero and Morelos, Mexico. Materials and Methods. A qualitative study was conducted in poverty-stricken, underserved communities with less than 2 500 inhabitants. Semi-structured interviews were applied to collect data. RESULTS: The aging experience is different according to gender, being more positive for women. Loneliness, together with social networks and the health-illness process, make the difference in the aging experiences. The main fears associated with aging are loneliness, illness, poverty, and loss of independence. CONCLUSIONS: Gender identity plays a central role in different aging experiences because the

  14. M-Learning - una experiencia colaborativa usando el Software Telegram

    OpenAIRE

    Salas, Marco Antonio; Salas Subía, Juan Carlos

    2018-01-01

    La presente experiencia de aprendizaje colaborativo presenta los resultados  obtenidos  mediante el uso dispositivos de telefonía móvil (Smartphone) cuyo uso se ha generalizado especialmente en la juventud y en consecuencia debe ser aprovechado dentro del ámbito educativo; junto a estos dispositivos se ha difundido el uso de herramientas de comunicación como el sistema mensajería  Telegram, del  que se ha tomado características que permiten  el fomento del aprendizaje...

  15. Therapeutic interventions in cerebral palsy.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Patel, Dilip R

    2005-11-01

    Various therapeutic interventions have been used in the management of children with cerebral palsy. Traditional physiotherapy and occupational therapy are widely used interventions and have been shown to be of benefit in the treatment of cerebral palsy. Evidence in support of the effectiveness of the neurodevelopmental treatment is equivocal at best. There is evidence to support the use and effectiveness of neuromuscular electrical stimulation in children with cerebral palsy. The effectiveness of many other interventions used in the treatment of cerebral palsy has not been clearly established based on well-controlled trials. These include: sensory integration, body-weight support treadmill training, conductive education, constraint-induced therapy, hyperbaric oxygen therapy, and the Vojta method. This article provides an overview of salient aspects of popular interventions used in the management of children with cerebral palsy.

  16. Experiencias y vivencias en la Ingeniería Clínica

    OpenAIRE

    Saldarriaga, O. D. (Óscar Darío)

    2008-01-01

    Comparto con ustedes las experiencias y vivencias en el desarrollo y evolución en la ingeniería en los hospitales y clínicas, en especial la Ingeniería Clínica (IC). Antes, una breve explicación del desarrollo del Departamento de Ingeniería y Mantenimiento en el Hospital Pablo Tobón Uribe (El Hospital).

  17. Nanomedicine in cerebral palsy

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Balakrishnan B

    2013-11-01

    Full Text Available Bindu Balakrishnan,1 Elizabeth Nance,1 Michael V Johnston,2 Rangaramanujam Kannan,3 Sujatha Kannan1 1Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Johns Hopkins University; Baltimore, MD, USA; 2Department of Neurology and Pediatrics, Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, MD, USA; 3Department of Ophthalmology, Center for Nanomedicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA Abstract: Cerebral palsy is a chronic childhood disorder that can have diverse etiologies. Injury to the developing brain that occurs either in utero or soon after birth can result in the motor, sensory, and cognitive deficits seen in cerebral palsy. Although the etiologies for cerebral palsy are variable, neuroinflammation plays a key role in the pathophysiology of the brain injury irrespective of the etiology. Currently, there is no effective cure for cerebral palsy. Nanomedicine offers a new frontier in the development of therapies for prevention and treatment of brain injury resulting in cerebral palsy. Nanomaterials such as dendrimers provide opportunities for the targeted delivery of multiple drugs that can mitigate several pathways involved in injury and can be delivered specifically to the cells that are responsible for neuroinflammation and injury. These materials also offer the opportunity to deliver agents that would promote repair and regeneration in the brain, resulting not only in attenuation of injury, but also enabling normal growth. In this review, the current advances in nanotechnology for treatment of brain injury are discussed with specific relevance to cerebral palsy. Future directions that would facilitate clinical translation in neonates and children are also addressed. Keywords: dendrimer, cerebral palsy, neuroinflammation, nanoparticle, neonatal brain injury, G4OH-PAMAM

  18. Cerebral oxygen metabolism and cerebral blood flow in man during light sleep (stage 2)

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Madsen, P L; Schmidt, J F; Holm, S

    1991-01-01

    We measured cerebral blood flow (CBF) and cerebral metabolic rate of oxygen (CMRO2) during light sleep (stage 2) in 8 young healthy volunteers using the Kety-Schmidt technique with 133Xe as the inert gas. Measurements were performed during wakefulness and light sleep as verified by standard...... polysomnography. Unlike our previous study in man showing a highly significant 25% decrease in CMRO2 during deep sleep (stage 3-4) we found a modest but statistically significant decrease of 5% in CMRO2 during stage 2 sleep. Deep and light sleep are both characterized by an almost complete lack of mental activity....... They differ in respect of arousal threshold as a stronger stimulus is required to awaken a subject from deep sleep as compared to light sleep. Our results suggest that during non-rapid eye movement sleep cerebral metabolism and thereby cerebral synaptic activity is correlated to cerebral readiness rather than...

  19. Observación Electoral: Experiencia de la MOE Regional Valle del Cauca, Elecciones Nacionales de Colombia 2010

    OpenAIRE

    Escobar Higuera, Katherine

    2013-01-01

    En el presente artículo se reseña la experiencia de Observación electoral en el departamento del Valle del Cauca, por parte de la Misión de Observación Electoral MOE regional Valle. Con el propósito de visibilizar el trabajo de una red de organizaciones y personas que han tomado iniciativa en el mejoramiento de un proceso importante para el sistema democrático colombiano, las elecciones. Al reseñar esta experiencia, se espera sea referente de una acción de participación política desde las org...

  20. Experiencias formativas, auto-adscripciones y conflictos ambientales en el sudoeste de Misiones (Argentina

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Ana Padawer

    2015-04-01

    Full Text Available En este artículo abordaremos cómo se relacionan las experiencias formativas vinculadas al trabajo rural, las identificaciones y los conflictos ambientales en San Ignacio, Misiones (Argentina. Nos interesa problematizar cómo los aprendizajes ligados a las tareas rurales se vinculan con las auto-adscripciones de los sujetos, teniendo como referencia las categorías de actores sociales agrarios regionales y las denominaciones que provienen de agendas estatales de intervención. Estos procesos acontecen en un contexto de creciente concentración de propiedades que se destinan a la explotación forestal, donde observamos, en algunos casos, cierta ambientalización de los históricos conflictos territoriales.Utilizando materiales provenientes de un trabajo de campo etnográfico que iniciamos en 2008, presentaremos a dos familias de pobladores rurales. En ambos casos es posible ver cómo el acceso a la tierra es decisivo para las experiencias formativas en las actividades de reproducción social, y que se liga con identificaciones como “gente de la colonia” y una incipiente referencia a la “agricultura familiar” a partir de las intervenciones del Estado. Estas dos familias permiten mostrar cómo las experiencias e identificaciones se expresan en el contexto de la participación de los sujetos en conflictos sociales, que asumen en un caso la forma histórica de reclamos fundiarios mientras que, en el otro, es posible ver que el ambiente tiene protagonismo incipiente.

  1. Sobre la desnaturalización de la experiencia escolar: aportes decoloniales y feministas

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Ana de Anquín

    2015-04-01

    Full Text Available La huella formativa de la experiencia escolar es indeleble, aunque la memoria parezca olvidarla se hace cuerpo y atraviesa contextos y situaciones hasta re-encontrarnos comodocentes. En parte forjados como tales, nuestro material de trabajo son los conocimientos,más o menos delimitados en currículos, programas o planes de estudios en cada país. Perotanto el conocimiento como la escuela y el estado nacional se inscriben en estructuras más amplias de relaciones coloniales entre centros y periferias. Los estudios decoloniales investigan la pervivencia de categorías coloniales modernas que subordinan pensamientos yprácticas a la lógica del conquistador: hombre, blanco, heterosexual, burgués. La lógica dicotómica del iluminismo moderno, que propagó la dominación capitalista, opera como violencia simbólica que divide y jerarquiza la experiencia escolar y la vida. Por lo contrario, desde una lógica interseccional se articulan distintas dimensiones como raza, clase, sexualidad y género, en un acto de pensamiento capaz de desnaturalizar clasificaciones homogéneas y extrañas. Así, el constructo ficcional “raza” tiene vigencia en una forma heredada de pensarnos a nosotros mismos, minusvalorados desde el patrón europeo (Quijano,2000. Tratamos de abrir paso a una transversalidad alternativa, considerando que las prácticas educativas son producciones históricas y la pedagogía no es un resultado a alcanzar sino posibilidad de experiencias.

  2. Cerebral fat embolism

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Sakamoto, Toshihisa; Sawada, Yusuke; Yukioka, Tetsuo; Nishide, Kazuyuki; Yoshioka, Toshiharu

    1982-01-01

    A case of cerebral fat embolism is reported. A 18-year-old patient with multiple bone fractures was in semiconma immediately after an injury. Brain CT showed no brain swelling or intracranial hematoma. Hypoxemia and alcoholemia were noted on admission, which returned to normal without improvement of consciousness level. In addition, respiratory symptoms with positive radiographic changes, tachycardia, pyrexia, sudden drop in hemoglobin level, and sudden thrombocytopenia developed. These symptoms were compatible with Gurd's criteria of systemic fat embolism. Eight days after injury, multiple low density areas appeared on CT and disappeared within the subsequent two weeks, and subdural effusion with cerebral atrophy developed. These CT findings were not considered due to cerebral trauma. Diagnosis of cerebral fat embolism was made. The subdural effusion was drained. Neurologic and pulmonary recoveries took place slowly and one month following the injury the patient became alert and exhibited fully coordinated limb movement. The CT scans of the present case well corresponded with hitherto reported pathological findings. Petechiae in the white matter must have developed on the day of injury, which could not be detected by CT examination. It is suggested that some petechial regions fused to purpuras and then gradually resolved when they were detected as multiple low density areas on CT. CT in the purpuras phase would have shown these lesions as high density areas. These lesions must have healed with formation of tiny scars and blood pigment which were demonstrated as the disappearance of multiple low density areas by CT examination. Cerebral atrophy and subsequent subdural effusion developed as a result of demyelination. The patient took the typical clinical course of cerebral fat embolism and serial CT scans served for its assessment. (author)

  3. Imaging findings and cerebral perfusion in arterial ischemic stroke due to transient cerebral arteriopathy in children; Achados de imagem e perfusao arterial cerebral em acidente vascular cerebral isquemico devido a arteriopatia transitoria em crianca

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Barbosa Junior, Alcino Alves, E-mail: alcinojr@uol.com.br [Departamento de Diagnostico por Imagem, Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein - HIAE, Sao Paulo, SP (Brazil); Ellovitch, Saada Resende de Souza [Neuropediatria, Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein - HIAE, Sao Paulo, SP (Brazil); Pincerato, Rita de Cassia Maciel [Hospital Samaritano, Sao Paulo, SP (Brazil)

    2012-04-15

    We report the case of a 4-year-old female child who developed an arterial ischemic stroke in the left middle cerebral artery territory, due to a proximal stenosis of the supraclinoid internal carotid artery, most probably related to transient cerebral arteriopathy of childhood. Computed tomography scan, magnetic resonance imaging, perfusion magnetic resonance and magnetic resonance angiography are presented, as well as follow-up by magnetic resonance and magnetic resonance angiography exams. Changes in cerebral perfusion and diffusion-perfusion mismatch call attention. As far as we know, this is the first report of magnetic resonance perfusion findings in transient cerebral arteriopathy. (author)

  4. Prediction of cerebral ischemia due to cerebral vasospasm in SAH using SPECT and sup 123 I-IMP with acetazolamide test

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Nakagawara, Jyoji; Wada, Keiji; Takeda, Rihei; Usami, Takashi; Hashimoto, Ikuo; Shimazaki, Mitsuteru; Tanaka, Chiharu; Nakamura, Jun-ichi (Nakamura Memorial Hospital, Sapporo (Japan)); Suematsu, Katsumi

    1989-11-01

    To investigate the possibility of predicting cerebral ischemia due to cerebral vasospasm in subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH), serial evaluation of the cerebral vasodilatory capacity by the acetazolamide test was conducted, using single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) and N-isopropyl {sup 123}I-p-iodoamphetamine (IMP), in 17 patients with cerebral vasospasm following early surgery for ruptured aneurysms. The degree of vasospasm measured on the angiograms was classified into the following three types; mild degree (25%>stenosis), moderate degree (25{approx}50% stenosis), and severe degree(50%cerebral vasodilatory capacity was preserved at the normal level during the period of vasospasm. In eight patients with asymptomatic vasospasm (moderate degree), a transient limitation of cerebral vasodiratory capacity was observed between the 6th and 16th day after a rupture of the cerebral aneurysm. In five patients with symptomatic vasospasm resulting in reversible ischemia, a marked limitation of cerebral vasodilatory capacity was noted between the 7th and 15th day, and a delayed recovery of cerebral vasodilatory capacity was observed. This reversibility of cerebral vasodilatory capacity in patients with cerebral vasospasm suggests that a local decrease of purfusion pressure due to cerebral vasospasm causes compensatory vasodilation of intraparenchymal arteries and the vasodilatory reaction to acetazolamide was limited until the release of the cerebral vasospasm. Therefore, assessment of cerebral vasodilatory capacity in SAH by the acetazolamide test might predict the appearance and continuation of potential ischemia of the brain caused by the reduction of perfusion pressure due to cerebral vasospasm. (J.P.N.).

  5. MADE-mlearn: un marco para el análisis, diseño y evaluación de experiencias de m-learning en el nivel de postgrado

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Herrera, Susana Isabel

    2013-06-01

    Full Text Available En este artículo se propone un marco que permita analizar, diseñar y evaluar experiencias d m-learning en el postgrado. El mismo se denomina Marco para el Análisis, Diseño y Evaluación de Experiencias de m-learning (MADE-mlearn. A partir de antecedentes propios y de una revisión bibliográfica para indagar sobre la temática, se presenta una propuesta con sustento teórico que permite identificar y caracterizar las experiencias o proyectos de m-learning a partir de la utilización de una serie de características agrupadas en categorías, las cuales responden a ejes de análisis. Metodológicamente, se trata de un marco sustentado por el estudio de trabajos previos en el plano nacional e internacional sobre experiencias y fundamentos vinculados al m-learning. Se presenta un estado de avance de MADE-mlearn, sus principales características y fundamentos que permiten orientar el diseño de nuevas experiencias de m-learning en el postgrado. Finalmente se describe el proceso mediante el cual se validará el marco y los trabajos futuros inmediatos que permitirán la evaluación de experiencias de m-learning y recomendaciones para el diseño de aplicaciones.

  6. Experiencias ecológicas del Colegio de la Inmaculada-Jesuitas

    OpenAIRE

    Carbajal Alva, Max Alberto

    2012-01-01

    This article presents a brief systematization about a pioneer experience of Colegio de la Inmaculada-Jesuitas, a private catholic school located in Lima (Peru) in relation to its environmental projects developed as part of its institutional policy since several decades ago. This experience has deserved public acknowledgement by other Peruvian institutions. El presente artículo plantea una breve sistematización de la experiencia pionera del Colegio de la Inmaculada-Jesuitas, escuela privada...

  7. Monitoring of cerebral haemodynamics in newborn infants

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Liem, K Djien; Greisen, Gorm

    2010-01-01

    The most important cerebrovascular injuries in newborn infants, particularly in preterm infants, are cerebral haemorrhage and ischemic injury. The typical cerebral vascular anatomy and the disturbance of cerebral haemodynamics play important roles in the pathophysiology. The term 'cerebral haemod...

  8. [A case of severe asthma exacerbation complicated with cerebral edema and diffuse multiple cerebral micro-bleeds].

    Science.gov (United States)

    Ohkura, Noriyuki; Fujimura, Masaki; Sakai, Asao; Fujita, Kentaro; Katayama, Nobuyuki

    2009-08-01

    A 36-year-old woman was admitted to the Intensive Care Unit for the treatment of severe asthma exacerbation. Her condition of asthma improved with systemic glucocorticosteroids, inhaled beta2-agonist, intravenous theophylline and inhaled anesthesia (isoflurane) under mechanical ventilation. Her consciousness was disturbed even after terminating isoflurane. Brain CT and MRI scan showed cerebral edema and diffuse multiple cerebral micro-bleeds. Glyceol, a hyperosmotic diuretic solution consisting of 10% glycerol and 5% fructose in saline, was administered to decrease cerebral edema. Her consciousness disturbance gradually recovered. Cerebral edema and hemorrhage improved. On the 69th hospital day, she was discharged from hospital without sequelae. This case is a rare one in which severe asthma exacerbation was complicated with cerebral edema and diffuse multiple cerebral hemorrhage. Inhaled anesthesia for asthma exacerbation should be used carefully to avoid delay of diagnosis of central nervous system complications.

  9. Recovery of cerebral blood flow in unilateral chronic subdural hematoma. The correlation with cerebral re-expansion in elders

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Nemoto, Akio

    2003-01-01

    CT and SPECT were used to investigate the relationship between cerebral re-expansion and changes in cerebral blood flow underneath hematoma in elderly patients after surgery for chronic unilateral subdural hematoma. I studied 22 patients with mild hematoma, aged 43 to 82 years (mean 67 years). The patients were placed in either Group A (under 70 years) or Group B (70 years or over) to observe postoperative changes. CT and SPECT examinations were conducted before surgery and 1, 7 and 30 days after surgery, 4 times in total. Cerebral re-expansion was represented by the re-expansion rate (PER) comparing the pre- and postoperative thickness of the maximal hematoma in CT images. The rate of cerebral re-expansion was slowed in Group B (p<0.01). Cerebral re-expansion was characterized by biphasic, rapid or gradual re-expansion on postoperative day 1 with a significant difference between groups (p<0.01). Before surgery, cerebral blood flow on the affected side correlated with age (p<0.01), thougn blood flow was diminished in both groups. After surgery, cerebral blood flow on the affected side exceeded that on the unaffected side in Group A and transiently increased on postoperative day 1. Cerebral blood flow improved after surgery in both groups, with a significant difference in those changes over time (p<0.01). In both groups, cerebral re-expansion on postoperative days 7 and 30 correlated with cerebral blood flow on the affected side (p<0.05). The present results suggest that improvement in cerebral blood flow on the affected side is delayed in elderly patients, due to slower postoperative cerebral re-expansion. (author)

  10. Experiencias exitosas de e- learning en la universidad gallega

    OpenAIRE

    Gromaz Campos, Manuel; Rodríguez Malmierca, María José; García Tobío, Javier

    2008-01-01

    Este artículo resume la información obtenida en el marco de un proyecto de investigación, denominado "Observatorio gallego de e-learning". Dicha investigación fue dirigida por el Centro de Supercomputación de Galicia, con la participación activa de las tres universidades gallegas. Su principal objetivo fue realizar un análisis en profundidad sobre el estado del e-learning tanto en la universidad como en la empresa gallegas. Entre los elementos analizados, se encuentran algunas experiencias qu...

  11. EXPERIENCIAS PSICOSEXUALES DE PACIENTES HISTERECTOMIZADAS DEL SERVICIO DE GINECOLOGÍA DEL HOSPITAL REGIONAL DOCENTE LAS MERCEDES – CHICLAYO 2013

    OpenAIRE

    Núñez Manayay, Tania Mercedes; Universidad Señor de Sipán; Vera Ñañez, Huendy Jame; Universidad Señor de Sipán

    2014-01-01

     La presente investigación cualitativa titulada Experiencias psicosexuales de pacientes histerectomizadas del servicio de Ginecología del Hospital Regional Docente las Mercedes – Chiclayo 2013 tuvo como objetivo describir las experiencias psicosexuales de pacientes histerectomizadas. Con diseño estudio de caso; la muestra conformada por siete pacientes post histerectomizadas de seis meses a un año; en la recolección de datos se utilizó la observación y la entrevista semiestructurada, las que ...

  12. 310. Experiencia inicial con el uso del sistema zipfix de osteosíntesis esternal

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    E. Monguió

    2012-04-01

    Conclusiones: En esta experiencia inicial, no se detectaron problemas de eficacia o seguridad del cierre esternal mediante el sistema ZipFix. Los resultados fueron comparables al cierre convencional con alambres de acero. Es necesario un subsiguiente estudio comparativo.

  13. Studies of cerebral atrophy and regional cerebral blood flow in patients with Parkinson's disease

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Kitamura, Shin

    1983-01-01

    Cerebral atrophy and regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) of 25 patients with Parkinson's disease were studied. The rCBF was measured with the intra-arterial Xe-133 injection method. The results obtained were as follows: 1) Sixty four % of Parkinson's disease patients showed ventricular dilation, and 76% of Parkinson's disease patients showed cortical atrophy on the CT scan, but we had to allow for the effects of the natural aging process on these results. 2) No correlation was recognized either between cerebral atrophy and the severity of Parkinson's disease, or between cerebral atrophy and the duration of Parkinson's disease. 3) In Parkinson's disease patients, the mean rCBF was lower than that of normal control subjects. The difference was even more remarkable in older patients. Only 40% of Parkinson's disease patients showed hyperfrontal pattern. 4) There was no correlation either between the mean rCBF and the severity of Parkinson's disease, or between the mean rCBF and the duration of Parkinson's disease. There was no significant difference between the mean rCBF of Parkinson's disease patients receiving levodopa and that of untreated patients. 5) The mean rCBF decreased in patients with cerebral atrophy on the CT scan. 6) Parkinson's disease patients with intellectual impairment showed cerebral atrophy and a remarkable decrease of the mean rCBF. 7) The effect of aging on cerebral atrophy on the CT scan had to be allowed for, but judging from the decrease of the mean rCBF, the cerebral cortex is evidently involved in Parkinson's disease. 8) The rCBF decline in Parkinson's disease patients may be related with the diminished cortical metabolic rate due to a remote effect of striatal dysfunction and a disturbance of mesocortical dopaminergic pathways. (J.P.N.)

  14. Studies of cerebral atrophy and regional cerebral blood flow in patients with Parkinson's disease

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Kitamura, Shin [Nippon Medical School, Tokyo

    1983-04-01

    Cerebral atrophy and regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) of 25 patients with Parkinson's disease were studied. The rCBF was measured with the intra-arterial Xe-133 injection method. The results obtained were as follows: 1) Sixty four % of Parkinson's disease patients showed ventricular dilation, and 76% of Parkinson's disease patients showed cortical atrophy on the CT scan, but we had to allow for the effects of the natural aging process on these results. 2) No correlation was recognized either between cerebral atrophy and the severity of Parkinson's disease, or between cerebral atrophy and the duration of Parkinson's disease. 3) In Parkinson's disease patients, the mean rCBF was lower than that of normal control subjects. The difference was even more remarkable in older patients. Only 40% of Parkinson's disease patients showed hyperfrontal pattern. 4) There was no correlation either between the mean rCBF and the severity of Parkinson's disease, or between the mean rCBF and the duration of Parkinson's disease. There was no significant difference between the mean rCBF of Parkinson's disease patients receiving levodopa and that of untreated patients. 5) The mean rCBF decreased in patients with cerebral atrophy on the CT scan. 6) Parkinson's disease patients with intellectual impairment showed cerebral atrophy and a remarkable decrease of the mean rCBF. 7) The effect of aging on cerebral atrophy on the CT scan had to be allowed for, but judging from the decrease of the mean rCBF, the cerebral cortex is evidently involved in Parkinson's disease. 8) The rCBF decline in Parkinson's disease patients may be related with the diminished cortical metabolic rate due to a remote effect of striatal dysfunction and a disturbance of mesocortical dopaminergic pathways.

  15. Inmigrantes colombianos en España. Experiencia parental e inmigración

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Amparo Micolta León

    2007-01-01

    Full Text Available La parentalidad es una posición dentro de la estructura social, definida por un conjunto de expectativas y tareas socialmente construidas. Son tareas del padre y de la madre atender a los requerimientos tanto afectivos como biológicos de la crianza, el cuidado y la educación de los hijos e hijas. Cuando el padre o la madre –o ambos– emigran hacia otro país pueden dejar a sus hijos e hijas en el país de origen bajo la atención de otros adultos, o llevarlos al lugar de destino. En el presente artículo se analizan las experiencias de colombianos y colombianas que eligieron la segunda opción. En un proceso migratorio internacional se viven nuevas experiencias que pueden llevar a momentos críticos en el desempeño de los roles parentales; porque emigrar hacia el exterior implica, entre otras significaciones, establecerse en un territorio desconocido, y realizar y anticipar funciones novedosas. Padres y madres construyen sueños y esperanzas asociados a la búsqueda de un futuro mejor para sí mismos, para sus hijos e hijas y para su grupo familiar. En el nuevo lugar de residencia, hombres y mujeres, ante la ausencia de redes de apoyo familiar, generan alternativas para asumir la responsabilidad total de sus niñas y niños. En este escrito se analiza lo narrado por los y las informantes, pretendiendo dar respuesta a los siguientes interrogantes: ¿Cuáles fueron las razones que motivaron a los padres y a las madres a llevar a sus hijos a España? ¿Cuáles son sus experiencias frente al desempeño como padres o como madres? ¿Qué expectativas tienen para el futuro de sus hijos e hijas?

  16. Inmigrantes colombianos en España. Experiencia parental e inmigración

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Amparo Micolta León

    2007-05-01

    Full Text Available La parentalidad es una posición dentro de la estructura social, definida por un conjunto de expectativas y tareas socialmente construidas. Son tareas del padre y de la madre atender a los requerimientos tanto afectivos como biológicos de la crianza, el cuidado y la educación de los hijos e hijas. Cuando el padre o la madre –o ambos– emigran hacia otro país pueden dejar a sus hijos e hijas en el país de origen bajo la atención de otros adultos, o llevarlos al lugar de destino. En el presente artículo se analizan las experiencias de colombianos y colombianas que eligieron la segunda opción.En un proceso migratorio internacional se viven nuevas experiencias que pueden llevar a momentos críticos en el desempeño de los roles parentales; porque emigrar hacia el exterior implica, entre otras significaciones, establecerse en un territorio desconocido, y realizar y anticipar funciones novedosas. Padres y madres construyen sueños y esperanzas asociados a la búsqueda de un futuro mejor para sí mismos, para sus hijos e hijas y para su grupo familiar. En el nuevo lugar de residencia, hombres y mujeres, ante la ausencia de redes de apoyo familiar, generan alternativas para asumir la responsabilidad total de sus niñas y niños. En este escrito se analiza lo narrado por los y las informantes, pretendiendo dar respuesta a los siguientes interrogantes: ¿Cuáles fueron las razones que motivaron a los padres y a las madres a llevar a sus hijos a España? ¿Cuáles son sus experiencias frente al desempeño como padres o como madres? ¿Qué expectativas tienen para el futuro de sus hijos e hijas?

  17. Instrumentos para la evaluación de experiencias Flipped Learning en el aula de primaria

    OpenAIRE

    Núñez Marín, Anunciación

    2015-01-01

    Instrumentos de evaluación de experiencia de trabajo en el aula con la metodología Flipped Classroom. Se incluyen tres instrumentos: registro de observación, cuestionario familias, cuestionario alumnos.

  18. La experiencia de alfabetización de personas adultas como proceso de aprendizaje en la formación docente

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Luz Emilia Flores-Davis

    2010-10-01

    Full Text Available Recibido 01 de febrero de 2010 • Aceptado 17 de marzo de 2010 • Corregido 30 de abril de 2010   El aprendizaje se construye en la significación, por lo que promover experiencias que generen sentido y gozo, constituye un reto en la formación docente. En este artículo se comparten las reflexiones emanadas de una investigación que recaba la experiencia de alfabetización de personas adultas que realizan estudiantes universitarias o universitarios en el marco de su formación, la cual crea un proceso de aprendizaje que propicia el respeto a la diversidad y la valoración de la lectura y escritura como liberación del ser humano. El trabajo evidencia los aprendizajes construidos, las formas de respeto a la diversidad que emergen de la experiencia de alfabetización, y el valor que el estudiantado otorga a la lectura y escritura como expresión liberadora.

  19. Cerebral blood measurements in cerebral vascular disease: methodological and clinical aspects

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Fieschi, C.; Lenzi, G.L.

    1982-01-01

    This paper is devoted mainly to studies performed on acute cerebral vascular disease with the invasive techniques for the measurement of regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF). The principles of the rCBF method are outlined and the following techniques are described in detail: xenon-133 inhalation method, xenon-133 intravenous method and emission tomography methods. (C.F.)

  20. CT classification and clinical prognosis of cerebral infarction in the area of middle cerebral artery

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Konno, Jyoji

    1983-01-01

    Computerized tomographies (CT) were repeatedly scanned on 70 patients with cerebral infarction in the middle cerebral artery. Low density area (LDA) was measured with HounFsfield's Unit (HU) and studied on the progressive changes. Classification of LDA was attempted and studied on correlation with mass effect, contrast enhancement, angiographical findings, clinical symptoms and prognosis. It was considered that important points of diagnosis of cerebral infarction were timing of examination of CT and determination of LDA with HUF. It was also thought that CT classification of LDA was usefull to estimate prognosis of the patients with cerebral infarction. (author)

  1. Resultados de diferentes experiencias con búsqueda local aplicadas a problemas de rutas

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Delgado, C.R.

    2000-01-01

    Full Text Available En los problemas de optimización combinatoria siempre han tenido gran importancia los Algoritmos de Búsqueda Local (o de Búsqueda Vecinal dentro de las técnicas heurísticas, especialmente a partir de la aparición de muchas de las recientes técnicas Metaheurísticas basadas en buena parte en el uso de estos movimientos vecinales. En este trabajo se analizan algunas experiencias relacionadas con estos, aplicados al VRPTW Mixto (carga y descarga. La primera de ellas es la definición y comparación de diferentes tipos de vecindarios para elegir el más adecuado; la segunda es la determinación de qué solución se elige en cada movimiento; la tercera es el uso de una técnica estrategia Búsqueda Local Rápida que puede servir para reducir considerablemente el tiempo de computación en problemas de gran tamaño. Para estas experiencias se usan instancias simuladas.

  2. Relation of plasma homocyst(e)ine to cerebral infarction and cerebral atherosclerosis.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Yoo, J H; Chung, C S; Kang, S S

    1998-12-01

    A number of investigations support the theory that the elevated plasma homocyst(e)ine is associated with occlusive vascular disease. The aim of this study is to examine whether moderate hyperhomocyst(e)inemia is an independent risk factor for cerebral infarction. In addition, we examined the association between plasma homocyst(e)ine and the severity of cerebral atherosclerosis. We conducted a hospital-based case-control study with 140 male controls and 78 male patients with nonfatal cerebral infarction, aged between 39 and 82 years. Plasma homocyst(e)ine levels were analyzed in 218 subjects. Fifty-five patients were evaluated for cerebral vascular stenosis by MR angiography. The mean plasma level of homocyst(e)ine was higher in cases than in controls (11.8+/-5.6 versus 9.6+/-4.1 micromol/L; P=0.002). The proportion of subjects with moderate hyperhomocyst(e)inemia was significantly higher in cases than in controls (16.7% versus 5.0%; P=0.004). Based on the logistic regression model, the odds ratio of the highest 5% of homocyst(e)ine levels in control group was 4.17 (95% confidence interval, 3.71 to 4. 71)(P=0.0001). After additional adjustment for total cholesterol, hypertension, smoking, diabetes, and age, the odds ratio was 1.70 (95% confidence interval, 1.48 to 1.95) (P=0.0001). The plasma homocyst(e)ine levels of patients having vessels with 3 or 2 stenosed sites were significantly higher than those of patients having vessels with 1 stenosed site or normal vessels (14.6+/-1.4, 11.0+/-1.4 versus 7.8+/-1.5, 8.9+/-1.4 micromol/L respectively; P<0. 02). Multiple logistic regression analysis revealed that moderate hyperhomocyst(e)ienemia was significantly associated with the number of stenosed vessels (P=0.001). These findings suggest that moderate hyperhomocyst(e)inemia is an independent risk factor for cerebral infarction and may predict the severity of cerebral atherosclerosis in patients with cerebral infarction.

  3. Molecular pathophysiology of cerebral edema

    Science.gov (United States)

    Gerzanich, Volodymyr; Simard, J Marc

    2015-01-01

    Advancements in molecular biology have led to a greater understanding of the individual proteins responsible for generating cerebral edema. In large part, the study of cerebral edema is the study of maladaptive ion transport. Following acute CNS injury, cells of the neurovascular unit, particularly brain endothelial cells and astrocytes, undergo a program of pre- and post-transcriptional changes in the activity of ion channels and transporters. These changes can result in maladaptive ion transport and the generation of abnormal osmotic forces that, ultimately, manifest as cerebral edema. This review discusses past models and current knowledge regarding the molecular and cellular pathophysiology of cerebral edema. PMID:26661240

  4. Symptomatic Cerebral Vasospasm and Delayed Cerebral Ischemia Following Transsphenoidal Resection of a Craniopharyngioma.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Ricarte, Irapuá Ferreira; Funchal, Bruno F; Miranda Alves, Maramélia A; Gomes, Daniela L; Valiente, Raul A; Carvalho, Flávio A; Silva, Gisele S

    2015-09-01

    Vasospasm has been rarely described as a complication associated with craniopharyngioma surgery. Herein we describe a patient who developed symptomatic vasospasm and delayed cerebral ischemia after transsphenoidal surgery for a craniopharyngioma. A 67-year-old woman became drowsy 2 weeks after a transsphenoidal resection of a craniopharyngioma. A head computed tomography (CT) was unremarkable except for postoperative findings. Electroencephalogram and laboratory studies were within the normal limits. A repeated CT scan 48 hours after the initial symptoms showed bilateral infarcts in the territory of the anterior cerebral arteries (ACA). Transcranial Doppler (TCD) showed increased blood flow velocities in both anterior cerebral arteries (169 cm/second in the left ACA and 145 cm/second in the right ACA) and right middle cerebral artery (164 cm/second) compatible with vasospasm. A CT angiography confirmed the findings. She was treated with induced hypertension and her level of consciousness improved. TCD velocities normalized after 2 weeks. Cerebral vasospasm should be considered in the differential diagnosis of patients with altered neurologic status in the postoperative period following a craniopharyngioma resection. Copyright © 2015 National Stroke Association. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

  5. Cerebral blood flow and metabolism during isoflurane-induced hypotension in patients subjected to surgery for cerebral aneurysms

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Madsen, J B; Cold, G E; Hansen, E S

    1987-01-01

    Cerebral blood flow and cerebral metabolic rate for oxygen were measured during isoflurane-induced hypotension in 10 patients subjected to craniotomy for clipping of a cerebral aneurysm. Flow and metabolism were measured 5-13 days after the subarachnoid haemorrhage by a modification of the classi......Cerebral blood flow and cerebral metabolic rate for oxygen were measured during isoflurane-induced hypotension in 10 patients subjected to craniotomy for clipping of a cerebral aneurysm. Flow and metabolism were measured 5-13 days after the subarachnoid haemorrhage by a modification......). Controlled hypotension to an average MAP of 50-55 mm Hg was induced by increasing the dose of isoflurane, and maintained at an inspired concentration of 2.2 +/- 0.2%. This resulted in a significant decrease in CMRO2 (to 1.73 +/- 0.16 ml/100 g min-1), while CBF was unchanged. After the clipping...

  6. A clinical study of cerebral vaso paralysis during a period of cerebral vasospasm after subarachnoid hemorrhage

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Watanabe, Toshiichi; Sasaki, Takehiko; Nakagawara, Jyoji

    2011-01-01

    We employ the 123 I-infinitum (Imp) single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) dual table autoradiography (Arg) method and stereotactic extraction estimation (SEE) analysis 7 or 8 days after subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) onset to predict cerebral vasospasm. We report new findings of cerebral vasoparalysis during a period of cerebral vasospasm after SAH. From January 1, 2005 to April 30, 2008, we encountered 330 cases of aneurysmal SAH, and treated 285 cases. Of these, 65 were excluded as unsuitable for this study, for reasons such as lack of SPECT data, external decompression, admission over 7 days from SAH onset. We studied 220 cases treated by microsurgical clipping (n=178) or endovascular coil embolization (n=42). Vasoparalysis was defined as a rise in resting cerebral blood flow (CBF) and a loss of vascular reserve on SEE analysis of CBF-SPECT. Vasoparalysis occurred in 15 cases (6.8%). Of these, 9 cases (60.0%) had cerebral hematoma, temporary clips had been used in the operation for 8 cases (53.3%), 9 cases (60.0%) experienced postoperative cerebral infarction, and 3 cases (20.0%) had postoperative convulsions. Vasoparalysis occurs in relation to perioperative cerebral damage. In terms of the loss of vascular reserve following SAH, vasoparalysis resembles hemodynamic cerebral ischemia, although the conditions are quite different. Differentiating between these 2 conditions is important, as different forms of management are required. Dual table ARG and SEE analysis are very useful for the evaluating these 2 conditions. (author)

  7. Cerebral toksoplasmose primaert diagnosticeret som tumor

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Cortsen, M E; Skøt, J; Skriver, E B

    1992-01-01

    Three cases of cerebral toxoplasmosis as the presenting manifestation of AIDS are reported. The initial diagnoses were brain tumors because of the cerebral mass lesions which resembled glioblastoma. In the light of the increasing occurrence of AIDS, attention is drawn to cerebral toxoplasmosis...

  8. Clinical significance of determination of plasma NPY levels and serum lipid profile in patients with cerebral hemorrhage and cerebral infarction

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Huang Fujuan; Shen Airong; Yang Yongqing

    2010-01-01

    Objective: To study the clinical significance of changes of plasma NPY levels and serum lipid profile in patients with cerebral hemorrhage and cerebral infarction. Methods: Plasma NPY levels (with RIA) and serum lipid profile (with biochemistry) were determined in (1) 48 patients with acute cerebral hemorrhage (2) 46 patients with acute cerebral infarction and (3) controls.Results Plasma NPY levels in both patients with cerebral hemorrhage and patients with cerebral infarction were significantly higher than those in controls (P 0.05). Conclusion: NPY played important roles in the development and pathogenesis of cerebral vascular accidents. Lipid profile changes was the basic etiological factor. (authors)

  9. Clinical application of cerebral dynamic perfusion studies

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    DeLand, F.H.

    1975-01-01

    Radionuclide cerebral perfusion studies are assuming a far greater importance in the detection and differential diagnosis of cerebral lesions. Perfusion studies not only contribute to the differential diagnosis of lesions but in certain cases are the preferred methods by which more accurate clinical interpretations can be made. The characteristic blood flow of arterio-venous malformations readily differentiates this lesion from neoplasms. The decreased perfusion or absent perfusion observed in cerebral infarctions is diagnostic without concurrent evidence from static images. Changes in rates and direction of blood flow contribute fundamental information to the status of stenosis and vascular occlusion and, in addition, offer valuable information on the competency and routes of collateral circulation. The degree of cerebral perfusion after cerebral vascular accidents appears to be directly related to patient recovery, particularly muscular function. Cerebral perfusion adds a new parameter in the diagnosis of subdural haematomas and concussion and in the differentiation of obscuring radioactivity from superficial trauma. Although pictorial displays of perfusion blood flow will offer information in most cerebral vascular problems, the addition of computer analysis better defines temporal relationships of regional blood flow, quantitative changes in flow and the detection of the more subtle increases or decreases in cerebral blood flow. The status of radionuclide cerebral perfusion studies has taken on an importance making it the primary modality for the diagnosis of cerebral lesions. (author)

  10. What makes children with cerebral palsy vulnerable to malnutrition? Findings from the Bangladesh cerebral palsy register (BCPR).

    Science.gov (United States)

    Jahan, Israt; Muhit, Mohammad; Karim, Tasneem; Smithers-Sheedy, Hayley; Novak, Iona; Jones, Cheryl; Badawi, Nadia; Khandaker, Gulam

    2018-04-16

    To assess the nutritional status and underlying risk factors for malnutrition among children with cerebral palsy in rural Bangladesh. We used data from the Bangladesh Cerebral Palsy Register; a prospective population based surveillance of children with cerebral palsy aged 0-18 years in a rural subdistrict of Bangladesh (i.e., Shahjadpur). Socio-demographic, clinical and anthropometric measurements were collected using Bangladesh Cerebral Palsy Register record form. Z scores were calculated using World Health Organization Anthro and World Health Organization AnthroPlus software. A total of 726 children with cerebral palsy were registered into the Bangladesh Cerebral Palsy Register (mean age 7.6 years, standard deviation 4.5, 38.1% female) between January 2015 and December 2016. More than two-third of children were underweight (70.0%) and stunted (73.1%). Mean z score for weight for age, height for age and weight for height were -2.8 (standard deviation 1.8), -3.1 (standard deviation 2.2) and -1.2 (standard deviation 2.3) respectively. Moderate to severe undernutrition (i.e., both underweight and stunting) were significantly associated with age, monthly family income, gross motor functional classification system and neurological type of cerebral palsy. The burden of undernutrition is high among children with cerebral palsy in rural Bangladesh which is augmented by both poverty and clinical severity. Enhancing clinical nutritional services for children with cerebral palsy should be a public health priority in Bangladesh. Implications for Rehabilitation Population-based surveillance data on nutritional status of children with cerebral palsy in Bangladesh indicates substantially high burden of malnutrition among children with CP in rural Bangladesh. Children with severe form of cerebral palsy, for example, higher Gross Motor Function Classification System (GMFCS) level, tri/quadriplegic cerebral palsy presents the highest proportion of severe malnutrition; hence, these

  11. [Advances in genetic research of cerebral palsy].

    Science.gov (United States)

    Wang, Fang-Fang; Luo, Rong; Qu, Yi; Mu, De-Zhi

    2017-09-01

    Cerebral palsy is a group of syndromes caused by non-progressive brain injury in the fetus or infant and can cause disabilities in childhood. Etiology of cerebral palsy has always been a hot topic for clinical scientists. More and more studies have shown that genetic factors are closely associated with the development of cerebral palsy. With the development and application of various molecular and biological techniques such as chromosome microarray analysis, genome-wide association study, and whole exome sequencing, new achievements have been made in the genetic research of cerebral palsy. Chromosome abnormalities, copy number variations, susceptibility genes, and single gene mutation associated with the development of cerebral palsy have been identified, which provides new opportunities for the research on the pathogenesis of cerebral palsy. This article reviews the advances in the genetic research on cerebral palsy in recent years.

  12. Experiencias e interpretaciones en performances rituales (Iruya y El Cajón, noroeste argentino

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Karen Avenburg

    2014-07-01

    Full Text Available Este artículo se propone reflexionar acerca del modo en que dos performances rituales del noroeste argentino recrean en sus puestas en escena diferentes experiencias. Desde un enfoque etnográfico apoyado en los respectivos trabajos de campo de las autoras, se analizan comparativamente la Fiesta Patronal de la Virgen del Rosario de Iruya (Salta y la Semana Santa de El Cajón (Catamarca. En particular, se discuten algunas de las razones por la cuales en un contexto ritual la puesta en escena implica la recreación de su historia sociocultural y política, mientras que en el otro el eje central transcurre reactualizando eventos cosmológicos. El marco teórico utilizado se basa en el concepto de performance y su relación con la experiencia, siguiendo los aportes realizados por Edward Bruner y Victor Turner.

  13. Post Traumatic Cerebral Oedema in Severe Head Injury is Related to Intracranial Pressure and Cerebral Perfusion Pressure but not to Cerebral Compliance

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    U Nujaimin

    2009-07-01

    Full Text Available This was a prospective cohort study, carried out in the Neuro Intensive Care Unit, Department of Neurosciences, Hospital Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian Kelantan. The study was approved by the local ethics committee and was conducted between November 2005 and September 2007 with a total of 30 patients included in the study. In our study, univariate analysis showed a statistically significant relationship between mean intracranial pressure (ICP as well as cerebral perfusion pressure (CPP with both states of basal cistern and the degree of diffuse injury and oedema based on the Marshall classification system. The ICP was higher while CPP and compliance were lower whenever the basal cisterns were effaced in cases of cerebral oedema with Marshall III and IV. In comparison, the study revealed lower ICP, higher mean CPP and better mean cerebral compliance if the basal cisterns were opened or the post operative CT brain scan showed Marshall I and II. These findings suggested the surgical evacuation of clots to reduce the mass volume and restoration of brain anatomy may reduce vascular engorgement and cerebral oedema, therefore preventing intracranial hypertension, and improving cerebral perfusion pressure and cerebral compliance. Nevertheless the study did not find any significant relationship between midline shifts and mean ICP, CPP or cerebral compliance even though lower ICP, higher CPP and compliance were frequently observed when the midline shift was less than 0.5 cm. As the majority of our patients had multiple and diffuse brain injuries, the absence of midline shift did not necessarily mean lower ICP as the pathology was bilateral and even when after excluding the multiple lesions, the result remained insignificant. We assumed that the CT brain scan obtained after evacuation of the mass lesion to assess the state basal cistern and classify the diffuse oedema may prognosticate the intracranial pressure and cerebral perfusion pressure

  14. Experiencia en el manejo del paciente con VIH entre médicos de la Secretaría de Salud

    OpenAIRE

    Magis-Rodríguez Carlos; Esquivel-Pedraza Lilly; López-Martínez Carlos

    1999-01-01

    OBJETIVO: Conocer la experiencia que los médicos de la Secretaría de Salud (SSA) han obtenido en el manejo del sujeto infectado por el VIH y en el uso de antirretrovirales. MATERIAL Y MÉTODOS: Se realizó un estudio transversal, con el apoyo del Consejo Nacional para la Prevención y el Control del SIDA (CONASIDA), en marzo-mayo de 1998. Se proporcionaron cuestionarios autoaplicables a médicos de la SSA con experiencia en el manejo clínico del paciente con VIH, al inicio de cinco simposios sobr...

  15. Mammoth orbitofrontal neurofibromatosis with herniating meningo-encephalocele

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Dhanraj Prema

    2010-01-01

    Full Text Available We are presenting a mammoth orbito-frontal neurofibroma with a herniating meningo-encephalocele in a 23 year old African male. The tumour measured 87cm Χ 54cm and occupied the right orbito-temporo-facial region and had destroyed the right orbit. A pre operative embolization of the feeding vessels was followed by a one stage near total excision of the tumour and repair of the meningo-encephalocele in hypotensive anaesthesia. The excised tumour weighed 8 Kg and, to the best of our knowledge, is the largest orbito-facial neurofibroma reported in literature.

  16. Water Stress Assessment in Jharkhand State Using Soil Data and ...

    African Journals Online (AJOL)

    Michael Horsfall

    2 Department of Remote Sensing, Birla Institute of Technology, Mesra, Ranchi. .... technology. Remote sensing and GIS have proved to be an effective tool in soil and water resource assessment (Rinos et.al.; .... ral_hazard/landslides/nhls0007.

  17. Examen de post-efecto para experiencias anómalo/ paranormales con un abordaje humanista

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Alejandro Parra

    2014-07-01

    Full Text Available Se presentan los resultados de una investigación que tuvo como objetivos: explorar la utilidad de la terapia grupal para hacer frente a los efectos de las experiencias paranormales y explorar cómo la terapia humanista produce cambios positivos hacia las experiencias anómalo/paranormales. Se les pidió a la muestra (N= 20, rango 22-71 años, M= 45,65, DT= 12,52, 65 % mujeres y 35 % varones, responder un cuestionario autoadministrado de siete preguntas antes y al finalizar su participación en un grupo. La actividad incluyó tres fases: (1 Exposición, (2 Interpretación y (3 Cierre del grupo. Los participantes indicaron que el grupo ayudó a disminuir su malestar emocional (p = ,001, y lograr una comprensión a sus experiencias (p = ,008. Abstract This article shows the results of an investigation aimed to: explore the usefulness of group therapy to deal with the effects of paranormal experiences and explore how humanistic therapy produces positive changes to the anomalous/paranormal experiences. They were asked to sample (N = 20, range 22-71 years, M = 45.65, SD = 12.52, 65 % female and 35 % male, a self-administered questionnaire to answer seven questions before and after your participation in a group. The activity included three phases: (1 Exposure (2 Interpretation y (3 Close the group. Participants indicated that the group helped reduce their emotional distress (p = .001, and gain an understanding of their experiences (p = .008.

  18. La Narración oral: Alternativa para el desarrollo de una experiencia educativa con perspectivas de género

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Marianela Rosa Peña Lora

    2015-01-01

    Full Text Available El trabajo que se presenta explica el carácter de la experiencia pedagógica realizada en la Universidad de Ciencias Médicas de Santiago de Cuba, referida a la creación de una Cátedra de Oralidad con enfoque de género, que tiene como objetivo contribuir a la gestión y desarrollo de prácticas y procesos sociales de carácter educativo/comunicacional y a los procesos formativos que de ello se derivan, así como desarrollar una reflexión crítica sobre el papel de la mujer en la experiencia narrativa de la vida cotidiana y en el rescate de la palabra en diferentes contextos educativos y socioculturales. En la implementación de la cátedra, organizada en áreas de desarrollo: "Historia de la Universidad de Ciencias Médicas"; "La narrativa oral y la relación interdisciplinaria"; "La medicina narrativa"; "La narración oral como arte y conducta ex-presivo-comunicativa", la transversali-dad del enfoque de género aparece como una estrategia metodológica que desde un planteamiento sistémico vislumbra todo el proceso educativo que posibilita el desarrollo de las habilidades básicas del pensamiento y comunicación basadas en la narración oral. En las conclusiones se expresa cómo el logro de estos objetivos ha transcurrido por un conjunto de actividades en las esferas de la docencia, investigación y extensión, donde además de abordar los aspectos teóricos, se ha realizado una reflexión compartida como construcción y experiencia sociocultural que permitió un intercambio de saberes, experiencias y participación a través de la narración oral, la cual se ha proyectado como espacio abierto para el aprendizaje, experiencia esencialmente humana y estrategia para la investigación.

  19. Subjetividad y socialidad en los fotologs. Juventud y nuevas formas de experiencias: la escritura hecha imagen

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    María Belén Espoz

    2011-01-01

    Full Text Available El presente trabajo ensaya algunas interpretaciones para comprender prácticas y experiencias de jóvenes en relación al uso y consumo de TIC, desde un cruce de lecturas que incluyen la semiótica de C. Sanders Peirce y la microsociología de Erving Goffman. ¿Qué tipos de experiencias se están produciendo en el marco de estas nuevas técnicas y como afectan (si lo hacen las formas de socialidad y su constitución subjetiva de los jóvenes en la actualidad? La importancia que los soportes/mediaciones tecnológicas adquieren en la vida cotidiana de los jóvenes abre el campo a nuevas indagaciones.

  20. Cerebral hemodynamics in adult ischemic-type patients with moyamoya disease compared with those of atherothrombotic middle cerebral artery occlusion

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Idei, Masaru; Yamane, Kanji; Nishida, Masahiro; Manabe, Kazufumi; Yokota, Akira

    2005-01-01

    We measured regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) in adult ischemic-type patients with moyamoya disease and in patients with atherothrombotic middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) to investigate cerebral hemodynamics in adult ischemic-type of moyamoya disease. In this study we measured rCBF and regional cerebro-vascular response (rCVR) using acetazolamide by Xe-non-enhanced CT. Our subjects consisted of 15 adult ischemic-type patients with moyamoya disease and 27 atherothrombotic stroke patients with proximal occlusion of the middle cerebral artery. The region of inter est was conducted in the anterior cerebral artery, middle cerebral artery and posterior cerebral artery territories as well as basal ganglia regions. rGBF was preserved in all regions of patients with moyamoya disease. However, rCVR severely decreased in the anterior circulation territory in patients with moyamoya disease compared with those of MCAO. These results suggest that rCBF in the anterior circulation territory of adult ischemic-type patients with moyamoya disease is preserved by vasodilation of the cerebral arteries, while cerebral hemodynamic reserve capacity is severely reduced. The results indicated that basal moyamoya vessels are dilated. These findings may be one of the reasons why stroke occurs more frequently in adult than child patients with moyamoya disease. (author)

  1. Recurrent cerebral thrombosis

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Iwamoto, Toshihiko; Abe, Shin-e; Kubo, Hideki; Hanyu, Haruo; Takasaki, Masaru

    1992-01-01

    Neuroradiological techniques were used to elucidate pathophysiology of recurrent cerebral thrombosis. Twenty-two patients with cerebral thrombosis who suffered a second attack under stable conditions more than 22 days after the initial stroke were studied. Hypertension, diabetes mellitus, and hypercholesterolemia were also seen in 20, 8, and 12 patients, respectively. The patients were divided into three groups according to their symptoms: (I) symptoms differed between the first and second strokes (n=12); (II) initial symptoms were suddenly deteriorated (n=6); and (III) symptoms occurring in groups I and II were seen (n=4). In group I, contralateral hemiparesis or suprabulbar palsy was often associated with the initial hemiparesis. The time of recurrent stroke varied from 4 months to 9 years. CT and MRI showed not only lacunae in both hemispheres, but also deep white-matter ischemia of the centrum semi-ovale. In group II, hemiparesis or visual field defect was deteriorated early after the initial stroke. In addition, neuroimaging revealed that infarction in the posterior cerebral artery was progressed on the contralateral side, or that white matter lesion in the middle artery was enlarged in spite of small lesion in the left cerebral hemisphere. All patients in group III had deterioration of right hemiparesis associated with aphasia. CT, MRI, SPECT, and angiography indicated deep white-matter ischemia caused by main trunk lesions in the left hemisphere. Group III seemed to be equivalent to group II, except for laterality of the lesion. Neuroradiological assessment of the initial stroke may help to predict the mode of recurrence, although pathophysiology of cerebral thrombosis is complicated and varies from patient to patient. (N.K.)

  2. Multi-modal assessment of neurovascular coupling during cerebral ischaemia and reperfusion using remote middle cerebral artery occlusion

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Sutherland, Brad A; Fordsmann, Jonas C; Martin, Chris

    2017-01-01

    . Male Wistar rats were subjected to remote middle cerebral artery occlusion, where a long filament was advanced intraluminally through a guide cannula in the common carotid artery. Transcallosal stimulation evoked increases in blood flow, tissue oxygenation and neuronal activity, which were diminished...... that neurovascular dysfunction was not sustained. These data show for the first time that the rat remote middle cerebral artery occlusion model coupled with transcallosal stimulation provides a novel method for continuous assessment of hyperacute neurovascular coupling changes during ischaemia and reperfusion......Hyperacute changes in cerebral blood flow during cerebral ischaemia and reperfusion are important determinants of injury. Cerebral blood flow is regulated by neurovascular coupling, and disruption of neurovascular coupling contributes to brain plasticity and repair problems. However, it is unknown...

  3. Relatos metodológicos: difractando experiencias narrativas de investigación

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Nicolás Schöngut Grollmus

    2015-04-01

    Full Text Available Si bien la investigación narrativa está ampliamente establecida en ciencias sociales, su práctica concreta presenta distintas variaciones en función de perspectivas teóricas y epistemológicas. Como una forma de analizar diversas experiencias en la práctica de la investigación narrativa, este artículo analiza seis narrativas de investigadoras respecto a su aproximación y uso de metodologías y técnicas asociadas a lo narrativo. A partir de un primer análisis narrativo, el artículo da cuenta de los resultados mediante dos textos. El primero se centra en los aspectos teóricos, metodológicos y técnicos de la investigación narrativa, mientras que el segundo se enfoca en los aspectos éticos y políticos de la experiencia de las participantes respecto al uso de narrativas para la investigación. Los textos permiten abordar reflexivamente la implantación de distintas formas de investigación narrativa a partir de considerar los posibles presupuestos teórico-epistemológicos en los que se sitúa su implantación concreta. URN: http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:0114-fqs1502243

  4. Hydrostatic determinants of cerebral perfusion

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Wagner, E.M.; Traystman, R.J.

    1986-01-01

    We examined the cerebral blood flow response to alterations in perfusion pressure mediated through decreases in mean arterial pressure, increases in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) pressure, and increases in jugular venous (JV) pressure in 42 pentobarbital anesthetized dogs. Each of these three pressures was independently controlled. Cerebral perfusion pressure was defined as mean arterial pressure minus JV or CSF pressure, depending on which was greater. Mean hemispheric blood flow was measured with the radiolabeled microsphere technique. Despite 30-mm Hg reductions in mean arterial pressure or increases in CSF or JV pressure, CBF did not change as long as the perfusion pressure remained greater than approximately 60 mm Hg. However, whenever perfusion pressure was reduced to an average of 48 mm Hg, cerebral blood flow decreased 27% to 33%. These results demonstrate the capacity of the cerebral vascular bed to respond similarly to changes in the perfusion pressure gradient obtained by decreasing mean arterial pressure, increasing JV pressure or increasing CSF pressure, and thereby support the above definition of cerebral perfusion pressure

  5. Cerebral blood flow and cerebral oxygen metabolism in thalamic hemorrhage

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Yasui, Nobuyuki; Asakura, Ken

    1987-01-01

    Cerebral blood flow (CBF), cerebral oxygen consumption (CMRO 2 ), oxygen extraction fraction (OEF) and cerebral blood volume (CBV) were studied in 20 cases of thalamic hemorrhage using positron CT and 15 O labeled gas steady-state inhalation method. CBF reduction was limited around the thalamus in the small sized hematoma. CBF were significantly diminished in the mean cortical, parietal, temporal, basal ganglia and thalamic area ipsilateral and cerebellar cortex contralateral to the medium sized hematoma. There was bilateral and diffuse CBF reduction in the large sized hematoma which was caused by increased intracranial pressure. CMRO 2 value were similary changed as CBF. OEF change showed within normal limit. Diffuse CBV reduction was observed in the large sized hematoma. This reduction was the result of decreased vascular bed caused by mass effect of the hematoma and hydrocephalus. Effect of surgical treatment such as ventricular drainage and hematoma evacuation were also discussed in correlation to CBF in some case using positron and single photon ECT. (author)

  6. Cerebral vasculitis associated with cocaine abuse

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Kaye, B.R.; Fainstat, M.

    1987-01-01

    A case of cerebral vasculitis in a previously healthy 22-year-old man with a history of cocaine abuse is described. Cerebral angiograms showed evidence of vasculitis. A search for possible causes other than cocaine produced no results. The authors include cocaine with methamphetamines, heroin, and ephedrine as illicit drugs that can cause cerebral vasculitis

  7. Fenestration of the anterior cerebral artery

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Ito, J.; Washiyama, K.; Hong Kim, C.; Ibuchi, Y.

    1981-01-01

    Three cases of angiographically demonstrated fenestration of the anterior cerebral artery are reported. Fenestration occurred at the medial half of the horizontal segment of the anterior cerebral artery in all cases. Its embryology and clinical significance are briefly discussed, and the anatomical and radiological literature on fenestration of the anterior cerebral artery is reviewed. (orig.)

  8. Estudiantes de primera generación en Chile: una aproximación cualitativa a la experiencia universitaria

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Valentina Javiera SOTO HERNÁNDEZ

    2016-09-01

    Full Text Available El propósito de este artículo es analizar la experiencia universitaria de un grupo de estudiantes de primera generación de tres universidades ubicadas en Concepción, Chile. En un contexto de fuerte masificación de la educación superior, la experiencia de los estudiantes cuyos padres completaron como máximo la educación secundaria, se ha transformado en un ámbito de incipiente interés. En función de los objetivos, la investigación fue abordada desde el paradigma constructivista y diseñada de acuerdo al método biográfico, cuya principal técnica de recolección de datos fueron las entrevistas semi-estructuradas. Los resultados de esta investigación, de carácter exploratorio, revelan que la construcción de un proyecto de estudios universitarios se encuentra notablemente influenciado por los padres, quienes se transforman en una fuente fundamental de apoyo. Asimismo, los estudiantes configuran tres significaciones a su experiencia universitaria: la movilidad social ascendente, la vocación y la retribución a los padres. Finalmente, se discuten los resultados a partir de los cuales se proponen nuevos interrogantes.

  9. Experiencia sobre desarrollo con Genexus siguiendo prácticas ágiles

    OpenAIRE

    Gimson Saravia, Loraine Elizabeth; Gil, Gustavo Daniel

    2016-01-01

    Este trabajo busca describir la experiencia realizada con alumnos del último año de la Licenciatura en Análisis de Sistemas de la Universidad Nacional de Salta combinando el desarrollo basado en conocimiento (DBC), utilizando Genexus, con un desarrollo ágil. Se pretendió brindarles una práctica real de aplicar los principios ágiles a los alumnos combinando su aplicación con Genexus a dos proyectos concretos.

  10. Mujeres mayas en Yucatán: experiencia participativa en una organización productiva

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Amada Rubio-Herrera

    2014-01-01

    Full Text Available Presentamos resultados de investigación sobre una experiencia participativa de un grupo de mujeres maya-yucatecas: Múuch’ Meyaj Ko’olelo’ob (mmk, dando cuenta del impacto que las intervenciones de un programa universitario tienen en la vida de ellas. Utilizamos un enfoque y técnicas cualitativas. La agrupación se integró como parte del fomento a empresas sociales de mujeres rurales, emprendido por el Sistema Nacional para el Desarrollo Integral de la Familia (dif en 1997. Desde el inicio, sus integrantes se reunieron para producir y comercializar concentrado de horchata; interactuaron con agentes externos, sobresaliendo el Programa Académico de Desarrollo Sustentable en el Sur de Yucatán (padsur de la Universidad Autónoma de Yucatán (uady. Mostramos cómo este proceso se refleja en transformaciones personales identificadas por las mujeres, quienes valoran esta experiencia por posibilitar cambios en sus relaciones de género, aunque se ha incrementado su carga laboral.

  11. EXPERIENCIAS PEDAGÓGICAS: Educar en las primeras infancias: una experiencia de formación docente en nutrición y alimentación saludable

    OpenAIRE

    Ravelli, Sandra; Manuale, Marcela

    2017-01-01

    El presente trabajo analiza una experiencia de formación docente centrada en la Educación Alimentaria Nutricional, que permitió fortalecer vínculos entre la universidad y otros nivelesdel sistema educativo, promoviendo intervenciones en la intersección entre educación, salud y primeras infancias. Desde la propuesta del Programa Nacional de Formación Permanente, del Ministerio de Educación de la Nación, se propuso desde la Facultad de  Bioquímica y Ciencias Biológicas (FBCB) de la Universidad ...

  12. Cerebral malformations without antenatal diagnosis

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Girard, Nadine J. [Diagnostic Neuroradiology, Hopital Timone, Marseille (France)

    2010-06-15

    Cerebral malformations are usually described following the different steps in development. Disorders of neurulation (dysraphisms), or diverticulation (holoprosencephalies and posterior fossa cysts), and total commissural agenesis are usually diagnosed in utero. In contrast, disorders of histogenesis (proliferation-differentiation, migration, organization) are usually discovered in infants and children. The principal clinical symptoms that may be a clue to cerebral malformation include congenital hemiparesis, epilepsy and mental or psychomotor retardation. MRI is the imaging method of choice to assess cerebral malformations. (orig.)

  13. Metabolite changes in the ipsilateral and contralateral cerebral hemispheres in rats with middle cerebral artery occlusion

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Lei Ruan

    2017-01-01

    Full Text Available Cerebral ischemia not only causes pathological changes in the ischemic areas but also induces a series of secondary changes in more distal brain regions (such as the contralateral cerebral hemisphere. The impact of supratentorial lesions, which are the most common type of lesion, on the contralateral cerebellum has been studied in patients by positron emission tomography, single photon emission computed tomography, magnetic resonance imaging and diffusion tensor imaging. In the present study, we investigated metabolite changes in the contralateral cerebral hemisphere after supratentorial unilateral ischemia using nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy-based metabonomics. The permanent middle cerebral artery occlusion model of ischemic stroke was established in rats. Rats were randomly divided into the middle cerebral artery occlusion 1-, 3-, 9- and 24-hour groups and the sham group. 1H nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy was used to detect metabolites in the left and right cerebral hemispheres. Compared with the sham group, the concentrations of lactate, alanine, γ-aminobutyric acid, choline and glycine in the ischemic cerebral hemisphere were increased in the acute stage, while the concentrations of N-acetyl aspartate, creatinine, glutamate and aspartate were decreased. This demonstrates that there is an upregulation of anaerobic glycolysis (shown by the increase in lactate, a perturbation of choline metabolism (suggested by the increase in choline, neuronal cell damage (shown by the decrease in N-acetyl aspartate and neurotransmitter imbalance (evidenced by the increase in γ-aminobutyric acid and glycine and by the decrease in glutamate and aspartate in the acute stage of cerebral ischemia. In the contralateral hemisphere, the concentrations of lactate, alanine, glycine, choline and aspartate were increased, while the concentrations of γ-aminobutyric acid, glutamate and creatinine were decreased. This suggests that there is a

  14. CT findings of cerebral fat embolism

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Mashiyama, Shoji; Kawakami, Kiyoshi; Ohtsuki, Taisuke; Ishibashi, Takao.

    1986-01-01

    A case of cerebral fat embolism following multiple bone fractures is presented. A 27-year-old patient was admitted to our clinic 50 minutes after a traffic accident. He was somnolent on admission, but his consciousness level was gradually raised and respiratory symptoms (dyspnea, bloody sputum) appeared with petechiae of his conjunctiva and chest. We diagnosed cerebral fat embolism. On CT scan we found multiple high-density areas, which gradually turned into multiple low-density areas. Subsequent cerebral atrophy and subdural effusion developed one month after the injury. This patient showed a typical clinical course and CT findings of cerebral fat embolism. (author)

  15. The effect of combined treatment with transcranial direct current stimulation on cerebral blood flow in patients with cerebral palsy

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    K. V. Yatsenko

    2017-02-01

    Full Text Available There is a close link between the activity of the brain and cerebral blood supply. Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS modulates the activity of the cerebral cortex and thus affects the cerebral blood flow. The aim of the study was to investigate the effect of combined treatment with tDCS on cerebral blood flow in patients with cerebral palsy (CP. Materials and Methods. 60 patients with various forms of cerebral palsy were examined and received the course of treatment. The comparison group was formed from 30 children who received the course of basic medical and rehabilitation procedures. The main group included 30 children who, in addition to the same therapy, received a course of tDCS. A transcranial Doppler ultrasound examination of head blood vessels was used for the study of cerebral hemodynamics in children with cerebral palsy before and after combined treatment with tDCS. Results. tDCS reduced asymmetry coefficient of blood flow velocity in the middle cerebral arteries (MCA by 12.3 %, whereas in the comparison group only by 2.5 %; in the anterior cerebral artery (ACA – 9.5 %, while in the comparison group – 0.8 %. tDCS significantly reduced the high mean blood flow velocity per cycle (MFV in the basilar artery (BA, MCA and ACA (21.7 %, 18.3 % and 7.8 %, respectively; in the comparison group no statistically significant positive dynamics was observed. tDCS significantly increased the low MVF in the BA, MCA and ACA (29.7 %, 21.2 % and 9.7 % respectively; a statistically significant increase of MVF by 9.9 % was only in the CMA in the comparison group of patients. Conclusions. Our data indicate that the use of tDCS in the combined treatment of CP patients improves cerebral hemodynamics in 87 % of patients, in contrast to 52 % in the comparison group. The addition of transcranial direct current stimulation method to the complex treatment of patients with cerebral palsy improves the effectiveness of treatment and may also

  16. Cerebral venous angiomas

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Agnoli, A.L.; Hildebrandt, G.

    1985-01-01

    Clinical symptoms and radiological signs in 15 patients with cerebral venous malformations are presented and the diagnostic problems discussed. The circulation time in combination with cerebral malformations and angiomas of the scalp are described. CT findings in cases of venous malformations of the brain stem are evaluated. Spot-like enhancement, as well as sharply demarcated round shaped enhancement are characteristic for venous angiomas. Cavernous angiomas usually present as homogenous or inhomogenous round shaped enhanced areas. (Author)

  17. LOS PROCESOS DE ESCRITURA EN INGLÉS COMO LENGUA EXTRANJERA: UNA EXPERIENCIA MEDIADA POR TIC EN EL NIVEL MEDIO

    OpenAIRE

    Alicia Rita Águeda Collado

    2015-01-01

    El presente trabajo describe una experiencia pedagógica centrada en los procesos de escritura en la clase de inglés como lengua-cultura extranjera (LCE), mediada por TIC. Esta experiencia, llevada a cabo en 5to año B del nivel secundario del Instituto Santo Tomás de Aquino de la ciudad de San Luis, fue diseñada a partir de la concepción de procesos de escritura desarrollada por Nunan (1999), Harmer (2007) y White y Luppi (2010), y a partir de los lineamientos plasmados en los Núcleos de Apren...

  18. Non operative management of cerebral abscess

    Science.gov (United States)

    Batubara, C. A.

    2018-03-01

    Cerebral abscess is a focal intracerebral infection that begins as a localized area of cerebritis and develops into a collection of pus surrounded by a well-vascularized capsule. Patients typically present with varying combinations of aheadache, progressive neurologic deficits, seizures, and evidence of infection. Computed Tomography and Magnetic Resonance Imagingare the most important diagnostic tools in diagnosing cerebral abscess. The treatment of cerebral abscess has been a challenge. Small cerebralabscesses (managed by the use of intravenous mannitol (or hypertonic saline) and dexamethasone. Acute seizures should be terminated with the administration of intravenous benzodiazepines or by intravenous fosphenytoin. Anticonvulsants prophylaxis must be initiated immediately and continued at least one year due to high risk in the cerebral abscesses. Easier detection of underlying conditions, monitoring of the therapeutic progress, and recognition of complications have probably contributed to the improved prognosis.

  19. Disneyzación, parques temáticos y cultura corporativa en el capitalismo terciario: experiencias Xcaret, Riviera Maya (México)

    OpenAIRE

    Khafash Echevarría, Leila

    2016-01-01

    Esta tesis se propuso desde la perspectiva de la geografía y la antropología demostrar la disneyzación patrimonial recreada, tomando un modelo de negocio corporativo de parques temáticos en pleno auge turístico de la Riviera Maya en México y su hinterland (Experiencias Xcaret), corporativo de parques temáticos. Se propuso igualmente demostrar la expansión de los parques, y algunos efectos territoriales en el contexto de la economía de las experiencias emocionales. Con este objetivo general se...

  20. Estilos de defensa predominantes en relación con experiencias anómalo/paranormales (Predominant Defenses Styles in Relation to Abnormal / Paranormal Experiences

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Alejandro Parra

    2015-06-01

    Full Text Available RESUMEN: El concepto de mecanismos de defensa tiene sus orígenes en la teoría psicoanalítica, que se centra más en el proceso de las defensas que en el objetivo de las defensas. El presente estudio examinó las diferencias entre individuos que tienen experiencias anómalo/paranormales y tres estilos defensivos (factor maduro, neurótico e inmaduro y quienes no han tenido tales experiencias. Estudiantes universitarios (60 % mujeres y 40 % varones, Edad promedio = 33.87 años recibieron el Cuestionario de Estilos de Defensa (DSQ-40 y diez preguntas que exploran varias experiencias anómalo/paranormales. Las personas reportaron una alta frecuencia de experiencias, tales como déjà-vu, sueños de percepción extrasensorial (PES, telepatía y recuerdos de vidas pasadas. Los resultados también mostraron mayor nivel de experiencias paranormales y defensas maduras, así como defensas neuróticas, en comparación con individuos sin experiencias. Aunque la naturaleza del estudio es francamente exploratoria, el autor sugiere que algunas de estas experiencias atribuidas a causas paranormales parecen servir como un mecanismo de protección a potenciales eventos traumáticos, mejorar el bienestar subjetivo del individuo o – al menos– evitar o disminuir las consecuencias perturbadoras de los eventos negativos de la vida. Por lo tanto, las experiencias paranormales podrían corresponder a rasgos no patológicos que producen cambios en la «homeostasis» psicológica. ABSTRACT: The concept of defense mechanisms has its origins in psychoanalytic theory, which focuses more on the defenses´process than on the objective of defenses. The present study examined the differences between individuals who have abnormal/paranormal experiences – and three defensive styles (mature, neurotic, and immature factor, and those who have not had such experiences. College students (60 % women and 40 % men, mean age = 33.87 years old received the Defense Styles

  1. Comprensión de la Experiencia de Ansiedad en una Persona Homosexual que siente Amor en su Relación de Pareja: un Estudio Cualitativo de Caso

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    López Campo, Enrique

    2008-09-01

    Full Text Available La presente investigación es un estudio cualitativo de caso de una mujer homosexual quien en su relación de pareja presenta la experiencia de ansiedad. Este proyecto tuvo como propósito la comprensión de la experiencia de esta mujer teniendo como referencia las siguientes preguntas orientadoras: ¿Cómo vivencia la ansiedad una persona homosexual que siente amor en su relación de pareja?, ¿Cuál es el sentido de experimentar ansiedad para esta persona? y ¿Cómo enfrenta dicha experiencia de ansiedad? Para este fin, se empleó un enfoque fenomenológico-hermenéutico, tanto para la recolección de información a través de entrevistas en profundidad, como para la descripci ón, interpretación y análisis minucioso de la experiencia en estudio

  2. Parálisis cerebral :

    OpenAIRE

    Cabrero Izquierdo, María del Carmen

    2012-01-01

    Se aborda el tema de la parálisis cerebral definiendo qué es, clasificando los tipos de parálisis dependiendo de la afectación y las características principales. Se explican algunos de sus tratamientos, se dan sistemas alternativos y/o aumentativos de comunicación para un alumno con PC (parálisis cerebral).

  3. Cerebral edema associated with acute hepatic failure.

    OpenAIRE

    Fujiwara, Masachika; Watanabe, Akiharu; Yamauchi, Yasuhiko; Hashimoto, Makoto; Nakatsukasa, Harushige; Kobayashi, Michio; Higashi, Toshihiro; Nagashima, Hideo

    1985-01-01

    The clinicopathological findings of cerebral edema were investigated in patients with acute hepatic failure autopsied at Okayama University Hospital between 1970 and 1980 retrospectively. Nine (64%) of 14 hepatic failure cases were found to have cerebral edema during a post-mortem examination of the brain. Clinical features of the patients with cerebral edema were not significantly different from those of the patients without cerebral edema. However, general convulsions were observed more fre...

  4. Low cerebral blood flow after cardiac arrest is not associated with anaerobic cerebral metabolism

    NARCIS (Netherlands)

    Hoedemaekers, C.W.E.; Ainslie, Philip N.; Hinssen, S.; Aries, M.J.; Bisschops, Laurens L.; Hofmeijer, Jeannette; van der Hoeven, J.G.

    2017-01-01

    Aim of the study Estimation of cerebral anaerobic metabolism in survivors and non-survivors after cardiac arrest. Methods We performed an observational study in twenty comatose patients after cardiac arrest and 19 healthy control subjects. We measured mean flow velocity in the middle cerebral artery

  5. Experiencias formativas en la infancia rural mbyá-guaraní

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Ana Padawer

    2009-12-01

    Full Text Available En este trabajo se analizan las experiencias formativas de niños mbyá guaraní que acontecen fuera de la escuela, tanto aquellas que se producen mediante su participación periférica en actividades productivas realizadas en el monte y destinadas a la reproducción familiar doméstica, como en aquellas formas de participación en juegos infantiles entre pares. En ambos procesos se identificarán saberes implicados, y se plantearán algunas relaciones entre la participación y las diferenciaciones de género y transiciones etarias. Este análisis pretende mostrar algunas formas de articulación de las diversas experiencias formativas de los niños mbyá guaraní en relación con la producción del conocimiento del mundo, necesario para su autonomía como futuros adultos.In this article we analyze Mbyà Guaraní children's formative experiences. They take place outside school, by their peripheral participation in productive activities in forest, which are oriented to family reproduction; and also by participating in children´s play. At both processes we will identify knowledge involved, and also consider relationships between participation, gender and age transitions. This paper attends to analyze some articulations between Mbyà Guaraní children´s formative experiences, attending to their knowledge of world´s production, necessary for their autonomy as future adults.

  6. Cerebral microcirculation during experimental normovolaemic anaemia

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Judith eBellapart

    2016-02-01

    Full Text Available Anaemia is accepted amongst critically ill patients as an alternative to elective blood transfusion. This practice has been extrapolated to head injury patients with only one study comparing the effects of mild anaemia on neurological outcome. There are no studies quantifying microcirculation during anaemia. Experimental studies suggest that anaemia leads to cerebral hypoxia and increased rates of infarction, but the lack of clinical equipoise when testing the cerebral effects of transfusion amongst critically injured patients, supports the need of experimental studies. The aim of this study was to quantify cerebral microcirculation and the potential presence of axonal damage in an experimental model exposed to normovolaemic anaemia, with the intention of describing possible limitations within management practices in critically ill patients. Under non-recovered anaesthesia, six Merino sheep were instrumented using an intracardiac transeptal catheter to inject coded microspheres into the left atrium to ensure systemic and non-chaotic distribution. Cytometric analyses quantified cerebral microcirculation at specific regions of the brain. Amyloid precursor protein staining was used as an indicator of axonal damage. Animals were exposed to normovolaemic anaemia by blood extractions from the indwelling arterial catheter with simultaneous fluid replacement through a venous central catheter. Simultaneous data recording from cerebral tissue oxygenation, intracranial pressure and cardiac output was monitored. A regression model was used to examine the effects of anaemia on microcirculation with a mixed model to control for repeated measures. Homogeneous and normal cerebral microcirculation with no evidence of axonal damage was present in all cerebral regions, with no temporal variability, concluding that acute normovolaemic anaemia does not result in short term effects on cerebral microcirculation in the ovine brain.

  7. Cerebral infarcts resulting from trauma

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Busch, G.

    1985-01-01

    Vascular occlusions due to cerebral trauma have always been regarded as great rarities. However, we have found hypo-dense foci of vascular distribution in 3.5% of 3500 CT examinations for trauma during the late phase. Lesions in the vascular territory of the posterior cerebral artery are usually the result of supratentorial pressure rise from epidural and subdural haematomas, leading to compression of the vessels against the edge of the tentorium. Typical infacts in the territory of the medial and anterior cerebral arteries were found only rarely by CT after cerebral trauma. Infarcts at the watersheds between the three vascular territories were found with surprising frequency and small infarcts were found in the basal ganglia. It is assumed that these were due to ischaemic or hypoxic events due to cardiac or pulmonary complications during the initial phase. (orig.) [de

  8. Identidad, experiencia, diferencia. Re-significaciones de lo político en Esta puente mi espalda

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Panchiba Francisca Barrientos

    2015-03-01

    Full Text Available Las posibilidades de utilizar las referencias identitarias y los imaginarios del género para construir una mirada capaz de dar cuenta de la experiencia de los sujetos y de sus contradicciones, constituye en la actualidad un escenario reflexivo que fuerza los márgenes de las cartografías simbólicas que se imprimen sobre los cuerpos, obligándonos a cuestionar los mecanismos a través de los cuales, aquello que queda en sombra y que es marcado como “otro”, desborda las identidades que antes parecían unificadas y coherentes: En la escritura de las mujeres de color, la mujer, la experiencia, la diferencia y la identidad se tornan articulaciones ya no lineales sino desmontables, que requieren ser revisadas desde espacios capaces de movilizar ya no sólo certezas o verdades últimas, sino más bien, preguntas, dudas y contradicciones

  9. Experiencias encarnadas. Representaciones audiovisuales de madre(s) y maternidad(es)

    OpenAIRE

    Brigidi, Serena

    2014-01-01

    [ES] El artículo presenta una reflexión encarnada sobre la experiencia de ser madre y las representaciones de la maternidad en la cultura occidental, en anuncios y series televisivas, documentales y películas. Habitualmente, la maternidad es imaginada como el producto (tener un hijo, convertirse en madre) y no como el arduo proceso que representa a lo largo de la vida de una persona. Se opta por presentarla con un carácter universal y se usa como una estrategia cinematográfica cua...

  10. Literatura infantil para no lectores. Una experiencia desde la universidad

    OpenAIRE

    Ponce Naranjo, Genoveva

    2016-01-01

    La lectura es un tema de indiscutible importancia, como lo refiere Michèle Petit (1999, p. 19), “la lectura es tanto un medio para elaborar su subjetividad como un medio para acceder al conocimiento”; por eso, la experiencia académica con estudiantes de la Carrera de Ciencias Sociales de la Facultad de Ciencias de la Educación de la Universidad Nacional de Chimborazo,  tuvo como objetivo, resignificar  la lectura como práctica cotidiana, a través de una metodología cualitativa que apoyada en ...

  11. Innovación en la Orientación Universitaria. Una experiencia : red de estudiantes mentores en la Universidad Complutense (REMUC

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Mercedes García García

    2013-05-01

    Full Text Available En este artículo se presenta una experiencia de mentoría en la universidad que utiliza como herramienta esencial un portal web diseñado ad hoc. Siguiendo la iniciativa surgida en el Departamento de Didáctica y Organización Escolar y Métodos de Investigación y Diagnóstico en Educación de la Facultad de Educación de Sevilla en el curso 2001-2002, un grupo de profesores pertenecientes al Departamento MIDE de la Facultad de Educación de la UCM, adaptó e implantó la experiencia en dicha Universidad. La descripción de la Red de Estudiantes Mentores en la Universidad Complutense (REMUC incluye: cómo surge la idea del proyecto, sus objetivos, las fases que fueron necesarias para hacerlo realidad, la estructura y elementos que lo componen, el modelo de intervención en que se sustenta, y las herramientas que utiliza. Así mismo se incluyen los resultados obtenidos durante el desarrollo, su evaluación y las conclusiones derivadas de la experiencia.

  12. Cerebellar malformations alter regional cerebral development.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Bolduc, Marie-Eve; Du Plessis, Adre J; Evans, Alan; Guizard, Nicolas; Zhang, Xun; Robertson, Richard L; Limperopoulos, Catherine

    2011-12-01

    The aim of this study was to compare total and regional cerebral volumes in children with isolated cerebellar malformations (CBMs) with those in typically developing children, and to examine the extent to which cerebellar volumetric reductions are associated with total and regional cerebral volumes. This is a case-control study of children diagnosed with isolated CBMs. Each child was matched on age and sex to two typically developing children. Using advanced three-dimensional volumetric magnetic resonance imaging, the cerebrum was segmented into tissue classes and partitioned into eight regions. Analysis of variance was used to compare cerebral volumes between children with CBMs and control children, and linear regressions to examine the impact of cerebellar volume reduction on cerebral volumes. Magnetic resonance imaging was performed at a mean age of 27 months in 20 children (10 males, 10 females) with CBMs and 40 typically developing children. Children with CBMs showed significantly smaller deep grey matter nuclei (p developing children. Greater cerebellar volumetric reduction in children with CBMs was associated with decreased total cerebral volume and deep grey matter nuclei (p = 0.02), subgenual white/grey matter (p = 0.001), midtemporal white (p = 0.02) and grey matter (p = 0.01), and parieto-occipital grey matter (p = 0.004). CBMs are associated with impaired regional cerebral growth, suggesting deactivation of principal cerebello-cerebral pathways. © The Authors. Developmental Medicine & Child Neurology © 2011 Mac Keith Press.

  13. CT findings of early acute cerebral infarction

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Kim, Tae Hoon; Choi, Woo Suk; Ryu, Kyung Nam

    1992-01-01

    The CT findings of the acute cerebral infarction are well known. However the CT findings of early stroke within 24 hours of the onset have not been sufficiently reported. The purpose of this study is to evaluate early acute cerebral infarction on CT within 24 hours after ictus. The early and accurate CT diagnosis could lead to the appropriate therapy and improved outcome of the patients. Authors retrospectively analyzed 16 patients with early acute cerebral infarction. Acute cerebral infarction was confirmed by follow-up CT in 11 patients, SPECT in 4 patients, and MRI in 1 patient. The CT findings of early acute cerebral infarction include effacement of cortical sulci or cistern (n = 16, 100%), hyperattenuation of MCA (n = 3), obscuration of lentiform nucleus (n = 6), loss of insular ribbon (n = 6) and subtle low density in hemisphere (n = 5). The most frequent finding was effacement of cortical sulci in our study, and it was thought to be the most important sign of early acute cerebral infarction

  14. CT findings of early acute cerebral infarction

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Kim, Tae Hoon; Choi, Woo Suk; Ryu, Kyung Nam [Kyung Hee University Hospital, Seoul (Korea, Republic of)

    1992-11-15

    The CT findings of the acute cerebral infarction are well known. However the CT findings of early stroke within 24 hours of the onset have not been sufficiently reported. The purpose of this study is to evaluate early acute cerebral infarction on CT within 24 hours after ictus. The early and accurate CT diagnosis could lead to the appropriate therapy and improved outcome of the patients. Authors retrospectively analyzed 16 patients with early acute cerebral infarction. Acute cerebral infarction was confirmed by follow-up CT in 11 patients, SPECT in 4 patients, and MRI in 1 patient. The CT findings of early acute cerebral infarction include effacement of cortical sulci or cistern (n = 16, 100%), hyperattenuation of MCA (n = 3), obscuration of lentiform nucleus (n = 6), loss of insular ribbon (n = 6) and subtle low density in hemisphere (n = 5). The most frequent finding was effacement of cortical sulci in our study, and it was thought to be the most important sign of early acute cerebral infarction.

  15. El Papel de la Cualidad del Servicio y de la Imagen de la Tienda em la Experiencia de Consumo de Servicios Automotrices.

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Ieda Pedógia Martins Damian

    2014-06-01

    Full Text Available Los servicios han desempeñado un papel cada vez más relevante, al agregar valor a los consumidores. En ese sentido, la evaluación de la experiencia de consumo en relación a esos servicios es importante para los minoristas que actúan en ambientes competitivos. El objetivo de este trabajo es analizar el papel de la cualidad del servicio y de la imagen de la tienda en la experiencia de consumo de servicios automotrices. El estudio fue dividido en dos momentos. En el primero se realizó una investigación cuantitativa (survey con 1346 consumidores, con el objetivo de obtener de ellos una evaluación de los atributos de imagen y cualidad y su contribución para una evaluación positiva de la experiencia de consumo. En seguida, fue realizada una investigación cualitativa, del tipo grupo enfocado, para discutir los resultados obtenidos en la investigación cuantitativa. La principal contribución del estudio fue dejar evidente la relevancia de los aspectos relacionados a la imagen del prestador del servicio. Se debe destacar que la imagen presentó, en la investigación, un papel tan relevante cuanto el de los elementos directamente relacionados a la cualidad de los servicios para el desarrollo de una experiencia de consumo agradable.

  16. SISTEMATIZACIÓN DE EXPERIENCIAS DIDÁCTICAS CON DOCENTES: LAS ARTES PLÁSTICAS Y EL CURRÍCULO ESCOLAR

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Julieta Castro Bonilla

    2008-01-01

    Full Text Available El artículo que presento se refiere al desarrollo de actividades de integración curricular, realizadas con docentes que laboran en instituciones de educación preescolar, primaria, secundaria, y que además forman parte de un proyecto denominado "Primero Aprendo". Deseo rescatar dos aspectos de la experiencia; en primer lugar, una interesante integración entre las artes plásticas y algunos contenidos de los programas de estudio, y en segundo lugar, se resalta un trabajo de equipo en el que participaron, además de la población docente, personas que laboran en actividades culinarias en las mismas instituciones educativas. Durante el desarrollo de las experiencias se enfatizó un trabajo de cooperación, colaboración y entusiasmo, gracias a la apertura mostrada por las direcciones de las instituciones que participaron, situación que favoreció el logro de los objetivos propuestos. Los talleres fueron ofrecidos por profesoras universitarias e investigadoras con experiencia y formación en diferentes especialidades, a saber, música, psicología, educación preescolar y artes plásticas, situación que favoreció en docentes participantes el desarrollo de procesos de integración curricular y aprendizajes, que posteriormente, debían ser aplicados en sus lugares de trabajo.

  17. Experiencias de desarrollo en tareas de procesamiento y gestión de datos en bioinformática

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Alejandro Hadad

    2012-05-01

    Full Text Available En el presente documento se describen brevemente algunas experiencias de desarrollo relacionadas a tareas de procesamiento y gestión de datos para el área de bioinformática. En dicha área una de sus características es que los mismos suelen tener alta dimensionalidad, siendo esta una de las características que dificultan cualquier proceso de reconocimiento de patrones. Por otro lado en lo que respecta a tareas de gestión de datos, el profesional que trabaja en ámbitos de bioinformática usualmente necesita disponer de suficientes variantes en cuanto al manejo de diferentes formatos de almacenamiento y métodos de procesamiento, dada la naturaleza investigativa de su profesión que le requiere continuamente realizar ensayos in silico de manera no estandarizada. Este perfil de trabajo requiere herramientas con suficiente flexibilidad a fin de dar soporte a dichas tareas. Teniendo en cuenta estos dos aspectos en este trabajo se muestran en primer lugar una experiencia en relación a estrategias para la reducción dimensional. Por otro lado se muestra una experiencia en el diseño y desarrollo de un sistema flexible basado en pipeless y pipelines.

  18. Clinical and pathological study on 10 cases of cerebral lobe hemorrhage related with cerebral amyloid angiopathy

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    Xiao-qi LI

    2015-07-01

    Full Text Available Objective To summarize the clinical data and pathological features of 10 cases of cerebral lobar hemorrhage related with cerebral amyloid angiopathy (CAA diagnosed pathologically, thereby to improve the knowledge and diagnosis of the disease. Methods The clinical data of 10 cases of cerebral lobar hemorrhage related with CAA, collected in the General Hospital of Shenyang Command from 1983 up to now, were retrospectively analyzed, and the clinical and neuropathological features of these cases were summarized. Results Of the 10 patients, 2 suffered from single lobar hemorrhage and 8 multiple lobar hemorrhage, all of them were confirmed pathologically to have ruptured into the subarachnoid space. Pathological examination revealed microaneurysm in 2 cases, "double barrel" change in 4 cases, multiple arteriolar clusters in 5 cases, obliterative onion-liked intima change in 4 cases, and fibrinoid necrosis of vessel wall in 7 cases. In addition, neurofibrillary tangles were found in 8 cases, and senile plaque was observed in 5 cases. Conclusions Cerebral lobar hemorrhage related with CAA is mainly located in the parietal, temporal and occipital lobes, readily breaking into the subarachnoid space, and it is often multiple and recurrent. The CAA associated microvasculopathy was found frequently in the autopsy sample of CAA related cerebral lobar hemorrhage, and it may contribute to the pathogenesis of cerebral hemorrhage. DOI: 10.11855/j.issn.0577-7402.2015.07.04

  19. Purine Metabolism in Acute Cerebral Ischemia

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Ye. V. Oreshnikov

    2008-01-01

    Full Text Available Objective: to study the specific features of purine metabolism in clinically significant acute cerebral ischemia. Subjects and materials. Three hundred and fifty patients with the acutest cerebral ischemic stroke were examined. The parameters of gas and electrolyte composition, acid-base balance, the levels of malonic dialdehyde, adenine, guanine, hypox-anthine, xanthine, and uric acid, and the activity of xanthine oxidase were determined in arterial and venous bloods and spinal fluid. Results. In ischemic stroke, hyperuricemia reflects the severity of cerebral metabolic disturbances, hemodynamic instability, hypercoagulation susceptiility, and the extent of neurological deficit. In ischemic stroke, hyperuri-corachia is accompanied by the higher spinal fluid levels of adenine, guanine, hypoxanthine, and xanthine and it is an indirect indicator of respiratory disorders of central genesis, systemic acidosis, hypercoagulation susceptibility, free radical oxidation activation, the intensity of a stressor response to cerebral ischemia, cerebral metabolic disturbances, the depth of reduced consciousness, and the severity of neurological deficit. Conclusion. The high venous blood activity of xanthine oxidase in ischemic stroke is associated with the better neurological parameters in all follow-up periods, the better early functional outcome, and lower mortality rates. Key words: hyperuricemia, stroke, xanthine oxidase, uric acid, cerebral ischemia.

  20. Serial neuroradiological studies in focal cerebritis

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Hatta, S.; Mochizuki, H.; Kuru, Y.; Miwa, H.; Kondo, T.; Mori, H.; Mizuno, Y.

    1994-01-01

    We report serial neuroradiological studies in a patient with focal cerebritis in the head of the left caudate nucleus. On the day after the onset of symptoms, CT showed an ill-defined low density lesion. The lack of contrast enhancement appeared to be the most important finding for differentiating focal cerebritis from an encapsulated brain abscess or a tumour. MRI two days later revealed the centre of the lesion to be of slightly low intensity on T1-weighted inversion recovery (IR) images and very low intensity on T2-weighted spin echo images, which appeared to correspond to the early cerebritis stage of experimentally induced cerebritis and brain abscess. Ten days after the onset of symptoms, CT revealed a thin ring of enhancement in the head of the caudate nucleus, and a similar small ring was seen in the hypothalamus 16 days after the onset, corresponding to the late cerebritis stage. MRI nine days later revealed ill-defined high signal lesions within the involved area on the T1-weighted IR images. To our knowledge, this is the first published MRI documentation of the early cerebritis stage developing into an encapsulated brain abscess. The mechanisms underlying of these radiographic changes are discussed. (orig.)

  1. Del marketing tradicional al marketing experiencial: la era de las experiencias

    OpenAIRE

    Rodríguez Herrero, Alba

    2016-01-01

    En este trabajo se ha realizado una búsqueda bibliográfica del marketing experiencial, un estilo de marketing conocido por el uso de emociones y experiencias para atraer, conectar y retener al consumidor del siglo XXI de una forma innovadora y eficaz. Durante el mismo, se describe la evolución del marketing tradicional al marketing experiencial y las nuevas tendencias de consumering y neuromarketing sobre las que se sustenta el marketing experiencial. Así mismo se describen las característica...

  2. EXPERIENCIA SUBJETIVA DE ESTUDIANTES Y DOCENTES QUE VIVENCIAN UN CAMBIO CURRICULAR

    OpenAIRE

    Rivas R, Edith; Bustos M, Luis; Rivas L, Ángélica; Lagos P, Ximena; San Martín G, Silvia

    2012-01-01

    Objetivo: Conocer la experiencia subjetiva de estudiantes y docentes respecto del cambio curricular. Metodología: Estudio transversal, muestra de 169 estudiantes de cuarto año curricular y 32 docentes. Información recogida en cuestionario “Inquietudes y procedimientos para adoptar Innovaciones Educativas” (IPIE) validado y adaptado al estudio. Análisis descriptivo. Estudio respetó normas éticas y consentimiento informado. Resultados: 26,0% de alumnos correspondió a Tecnología Médica; 22,5% En...

  3. La "visión del aura" como experiencia alucinatoria en individuos no-clinicos The aura experience as cognitive perceptual schizotypy in non-clinical population

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Alejandro Parra

    2008-12-01

    Full Text Available Individuos que dicen ver el aura/energía en forma espontánea también tienden a tener un nivel más elevado de actividad imaginativa/fantaseosa o de propensidad a la fantasía. Hay indicadores que muestran que quienes experimentan alta capacidad de absorción, usualmente experimentan también diversas formas parasomáticas, alucinaciones táctiles, y sensaciones de energías sutiles, asi como también ideación esquizotípica, error perceptual, y mayor sinestesia. El objetivo es correlacionar puntajes de absorción psicológica, disociación, propensidad a la fantasía, intensidad de la imaginería, y tendencia a la esquizotipia en individuos que dicen ver el aura (N=83 en comparación con un grupo sin experiencias (N=503. La muestra incluyó 678 estudiantes de psicología de ambos sexos, 449 (76,5% mujeres y 139 (23,5% varones, cuya rango etario es de 17 y 57 años (Media=25,54; SD=7,22 residentes en la Ciudad de Buenos Aires y alrededores. Ningun estudiante recibió compensación económica. Respecto a la experiencia de ver el aura, se formuló la pregunta de la siguiente manera: "¿Ha tenido alguna experiencia usted es capaz de ver campos de energia o luces alrededor del cuerpo de una persona? (si duda, por favor, responda no". Si la respuesta es afirmativa, la pregunta también mapea tres dimensiones de la experiencia: frecuencia de la experiencia, explicación subjetiva (racional, desconocida y paranormal de la experiencia, y positivo o negativo impacto (emocional en una escala Likert, siendo 1 positivo y 7 negativo. Los resultados muestran mayor nivel de esquizotipia cognitivo perceptual en comparación con quienes no tienen la experiencia. Posiblemente, estas personas tienen mucha más intensa vida imaginativa. Esta experiencia no necesariamente posee un significado psicopatológico para el individuo; quienes ven el aura simplemente podrían ser sensibles a las experiencias perceptuales anómalas.Individuals who claim being able to

  4. Regional cerebral blood flow and periventricular hyperintensity in silent cerebral infarction. Comparison with multi-infarct dementia

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Koshi, Yasuhiko; Kitamura, Shin; Nagazumi, Atushi; Tsuganesawa, Toshikazu; Terashi, Akiro

    1996-01-01

    In order to investigate relationship between regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) and the white matter lesions on MRI in silent cerebral infarction, we quantitatively measured rCBF by 123 I-IMP autoradiography method (IMP ARG method) and single photon emission tomography (SPECT) in 36 patients with silent cerebral infarction (SCI group), 22 patients with multi-infarct dementia (MID group), and 16 control subjects without periventricular hyperintensity (PVH) and lacunar infarction on MRI (CL group). Regions of interest (ROIs) on rCBF images were set in the frontal (F), temporal (T), parietal (P), occipital (O) cortex, and the cerebral white matter (W). The severity of PVH on MRI T 2 -weighted image was divided into four grades (grade 0-3). Though the frequency of hypertension was significantly higher in SCI group and MID group compared with CL group, no significant difference was seen in the mean age among these three groups. rCBF in the white matter and cerebral cortices except the occipital cortex in SCI group was significantly low compared with CL group (rCBF SCI /rCBF CL : W 0.87, F 0.87, T 0.87, P 0.88, O 0.92). rCBF in the white matter and cerebral cortices, especially in the white matter and frontal cortex, in MID group was significantly low compared with SCI group (rCBF MID /rCBF CL : W 0.69, F 0.71, T 0.74, P 0.75, O 0.81). The mean grade of PVH in MID group was significantly higher than that in SCI group (SCI 1.1 vs MID 2.5). The severity of PVH was significantly correlated with each rCBF in the white matter and cerebral cortices, especially in the white matter and frontal cortex. Our findings suggest that the quantitative measurement of rCBF by IMP ARG method is useful for the follow-up study in the patients with silent cerebral infarction as well as the evaluation of the severity of PVH on MRI. (author)

  5. 184. Unidad de cardiopatías congénitas del adulto: Experiencia quirúrgica inicial

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    J.L. Reyes-Juárez

    2010-01-01

    La complejidad y número de pacientes adultos afectos de CC ha aumentado en los últimos años. La formación de unidades de CC del adulto permiten reunir experiencia, casos y obtener buenos resultados. Los resultados de nuestro centro son similares a los comunicados.

  6. 2008 LHC Open Days Physics: the show

    CERN Multimedia

    2008-01-01

    A host of events and activities await visitors to the LHC Open Days on 5 and 6 April. A highlight will be the physics shows funded by the European Physical Society (EPS), which are set to surprise and challenge children and adults alike! School children use their experience of riding a bicycle to understand how planets move around the sun (Copyright : Circus Naturally) Participating in the Circus Naturally show could leave a strange taste in your mouth! (Copyright : Circus Naturally) The Rino Foundation’s experiments with liquid nitrogen can be pretty exciting! (Copyright: The Rino Foundation)What does a bicycle have in common with the solar system? Have you ever tried to weigh air or visualise sound? Ever heard of a vacuum bazooka? If you want to discover the answers to these questions and more then come to the Physics Shows taking place at the CERN O...

  7. Profesores-artistas y didáctica generativa: Experiencias educativas en la universidad.

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Alejandra Montané-López

    2009-01-01

    Full Text Available El presente artículo es fruto del estudio de tesis doctoral que versa sobre las experiencias pedagógicas innovadoras del profesorado universitario vinculado con el Arte –específicamente con las artes escénicas- y que desarrolla su actividad profesional en los estudios de educación (Pedagogía, Educación Social y Magisterio. La estructura del mismo está compuesta por una introducción, un marco teórico-contextual, la metodología y unas conclusiones y propuestas. El análisis de los saberes didácticos nacidos de la génesis entre el saber pedagógico y el saber artístico configuran conceptualmente una didáctica generativa en el contexto universitario. Se delimitan las competencias complejas del profesorado universitario vinculado al Arte -a través del análisis de las experiencias pedagógicas en educación superior- partiendo inicialmente del modelo del “artista pedagogo” (Barret, 1995; Laferrièrre,2000 sumergiéndose en las configuraciones didácticas alternativas e innovadoras que actualmente encuentran su adecuación con la declaración del 2009 como el Año Internacional de la Creatividad y la Innovación.

  8. Recent Experiences with Severe and Cerebral Malaria

    African Journals Online (AJOL)

    1974-06-29

    Jun 29, 1974 ... Malaria admissions. Cerebral malaria ... Cerebral signs. Haemoglobin below 10 g/100 ml (not all tested). Enlarged tender liver or jaundice, or both ... articl~ by H. Smitskamp and F. H. Wolthuis entitled 'New concepts in treatment of malaria with malignant tertian cerebral involvement' which appeared in the ...

  9. Auditory Selective Attention in Cerebral-Palsied Individuals.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Laraway, Lee Ann

    1985-01-01

    To examine differences between auditory selective attention abilities of normal and cerebral-palsied individuals, 23 cerebral-palsied and 23 normal subjects (5-21) were asked to repeat a series of 30 items in presence of intermittent white noise. Results indicated that cerebral-palsied individuals perform significantly more poorly when the…

  10. Experiencias de la Corporación Universitaria Adventista en la doble titulación académica

    OpenAIRE

    Iglesias, Enoc; Corporación Adventista

    2015-01-01

    En el presente articulo no derivado de investigaciones, se muestran varios aspectos de las experiencias que ha tenido la Corporación Universitaria Adventista en la doble titulación, tema de gran actualidad.

  11. Cerebral intolerance during flow arrested carotid angioplasty.

    Science.gov (United States)

    St Louis, Myron; Park, Brian D; Dahn, Michael; Bozeman, Patricia

    2012-01-01

    The use of flow arrest as a means of providing cerebral protection during carotid angioplasty offers the advantages of improved efficiency of debris removal and the ability to provide protection under unfavorable (tortuous) anatomic circumstances. However, in contrast to the filtration methods of cerebral protection, this modality requires complete interruption of antegrade carotid artery flow during balloon angioplasty and stent deployment. We report our experience with 9 patients undergoing carotid angioplasty with the Mo.Ma device, which utilizes common and external carotid artery balloon occlusion during the angioplasty procedure. We assessed the clinical outcomes and intraprocedural hemodynamic data. The average duration of carotid occlusion was 8.3 minutes. Of the 9 patients, 2 patients (22%) experienced cerebral intolerance. No stroke occurred in this patient cohort. There appeared to be a poor relationship between procedure intolerance and the presence of significant contralateral stenosis or low carotid back pressure. Furthermore, the incidence of postangioplasty hypotension was not clearly related to cerebral intolerance. Carotid angioplasty with stenting can be safely conducted with flow arrest as an alternative to filter-type cerebral protection devices. However, because cerebral intolerance is not an infrequent occurrence with this approach, clinicians must be cognizant of management strategies for transient cerebral intolerance.

  12. Cerebral vasculitis associated with Schistosoma mansoni infection

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    Camuset Guillaume

    2012-09-01

    Full Text Available Abstract Background Cerebral involvement in schistosomiasis is not rare, but it is underdiagnosed because of the lack of clinical suspicion and the frequency of asymptomatic forms. Neurologic complications are generally supported by granuloma formation around ectopic eggs which have migrated to the brain. Moreover, vascular lesions and cerebral arteritis have been well documented in histopathological studies. Nevertheless, cerebral vasculitis in later stages of the Schistosoma mansoni infection have not yet been described in living subjects. Case presentation A 28-year-old french woman had a stroke linked with cerebral vasculitis, 6 monthes after returning from Burkina-Faso. At the same time, a S. mansoni disseminated infection was diagnosed. She suffered from a new stroke after undertaking praziquantel therapy, which lead us to associate the S. mansoni infection and cerebral vasculitis. Conclusion This is the first report of such association, since cerebral vasculitis has never been described in later stages of the S. mansoni infection. Although the causal link between the two pathologies could not be proved, we suggest that S. mansoni is able to cause severe vascular damage in cerebral vessels. Schistosomiasis must be investigated in the event of a brain infarct in young people, particularly in patients originating or returning from an endemic area.

  13. Neuroevolutional Approach to Cerebral Palsy and Speech.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Mysak, Edward D.

    Intended for cerebral palsy specialists, the book emphasizes the contribution that a neuroevolutional approach to therapy can make to habilitation goals of the child with cerebral palsy and applies the basic principles of the Bobath approach to therapy. The first section discusses cerebral palsy as a reflection of disturbed neuro-ontogenisis and…

  14. Dynamic change in cerebral microcirculation and focal cerebral metabolism in experimental subarachnoid hemorrhage in rabbits.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Song, Jin-Ning; Chen, Hu; Zhang, Ming; Zhao, Yong-Lin; Ma, Xu-Dong

    2013-03-01

    Regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) in the cerebral metabolism and energy metabolism measurements can be used to assess blood flow of brain cells and to detect cell activity. Changes of rCBF in the cerebral microcirculation and energy metabolism were determined in an experimental model of subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) model in 56 large-eared Japanese rabbits about 12 to 16-month old. Laser Doppler flowmetry was used to detect the blood supply to brain cells. Internal carotid artery and vein blood samples were used for duplicate blood gas analysis to assess the energy metabolism of brain cells. Cerebral blood flow (CBF) was detected by single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) perfusion imaging using Tc-99m ethyl cysteinate dimer (Tc-99m ECD) as an imaging reagent. The percentage of injected dose per gram of brain tissue was calculated and analyzed. There were positive correlations between the percentage of radionuclide injected per gram of brain tissue and rCBF supply and cerebral metabolic rate for oxygen (P brain cells after SAH, and also found that deterioration of energy metabolism of brain cells played a significant role in the development of SAH. There are matched reductions in CBF and metabolism. Thus, SPECT imaging could be used as a noninvasive method to detect CBF.

  15. Cerebral edema in drug addicts

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    Daruši Dragana J.

    2014-01-01

    Full Text Available Background/Aim. The effect of drugs leaves permanent consequences on the brain, organic in type, followed by numerous manifestations, and it significantly affects the development of mental dysfunctions. The clinicians are often given a task to estimate a patient’s personality during treatment or during experts estimate of a drug addict. The aim of this research was to determine the differences, if any, in characteristics of addicts experience and personality traits in drug addicts with or without cerebral edema. Methods. The research was conducted on a sample of 252 male drug addicts, the average age of 23.3 (SD = 4.3 years. Cerebral edema was confirmed on magnetic resonance (MR images of the brain performed during the treatment of the addicts. The participants were tested by the psychologists using Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI-201 test, and the data were processed using canonical discriminate analysis within the SPSS program. The dependent variable in the study was cerebral edema. A block of independent variables, designed for the requirements of this study, consisted of two subgroups. The first one consisted of 12 variables describing the relevant characteristics of drug abuse. The second subgroup consisted of 8 psychopathological tendencies in the personality defined by the mentioned test. Results. Cerebral edema was confirmed in 52 (20.63% of the drug addicts. The differences between the groups of drug addicts with and without cerebral edema were determined in the following: the time span of taking drugs (0.301, use of alcohol parallel with drugs (0.466, and treatment for addiction (0.603. In the drug addicts with a cerebral edema, MMPI-201 confirmed the increase in the scales for hypochondria, psychopathic deviations and psychastenia, and the decrease in the scales for schizophrenia and depression. Conclusion. Our study confirmed a possible connection between cerebral edema and personality traits in a number of the

  16. Proposal for a universal definition of cerebral infarction.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Saver, Jeffrey L

    2008-11-01

    Cerebral infarction is a leading cause of disability and death worldwide but has no uniform international definition. Recent diagnostic advances have revised fundamental concepts in cerebral and cardiac ischemia. Cardiologists, already possessed of a nosologic framework distinguishing myocardial infarction from unstable angina on the basis of tissue state, promulgated a new "universal" tissue definition of myocardial infarction incorporating insights afforded by assays of cardiac troponin, a serum biomarker exquisitely sensitive to myocardial injury. Concurrently, vascular neurologists proposed a new tissue, rather than time, criterion to distinguish transient ischemia attack from cerebral infarction, responding to perspectives provided by diffusion MRI and cerebral blood volume CT, imaging biomarkers highly sensitive to neuronal injury. To complete this conceptual realignment, vascular neurology must now advance a clear, uniform, and operationalizable tissue definition of cerebral infarction. This review proposes cerebral infarction be defined as brain or retinal cell death due to prolonged ischemia. This definition categorizes both pannecrosis and neuronal dropout ("complete" and "incomplete" infarcts in classic neuropathologic terminology) as cerebral infarcts. Making the presence of any neuronal or glial cell death essential yields a definition of cerebral infarction that has high relevance to patients, physicians, and policymakers; is more easily applied in clinical practice; fosters action in acute care; harmonizes with myocardial ischemia classification; and focuses diagnostic evaluation on the cause of brain ischemia and the occurrence of end organ injury. The term cerebral infarction should be used when there is evidence of brain or retinal cell death due to cerebral ischemia.

  17. Cerebral vascular effects of hypovolemia and dopamine infusions

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Holst Hahn, Gitte; Heiring, Christian; Pryds, Ole

    2012-01-01

    Despite widespread use, effects of volume boluses and dopamine in hypotensive newborn infants remain controversial. We aimed to elucidate if hypovolemia alone impairs cerebral autoregulation (CA) and if dopamine affects cerebral vasculature.......Despite widespread use, effects of volume boluses and dopamine in hypotensive newborn infants remain controversial. We aimed to elucidate if hypovolemia alone impairs cerebral autoregulation (CA) and if dopamine affects cerebral vasculature....

  18. The value of computed tomography in cerebral syphilis

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Godt, P.; Stoeppler, L.; Wischer, U.; Schroeder, H.H.

    1979-01-01

    The computed tomographic findings of three patients with cerebral syphilis, including cerebral gumma, which regressed completely under penicillin therapy, syphilitic angiitis with cerebral infarction, and syphilitic cerebral atrophy, are reported CT is unable to provide specific diagnostic data for these conditions. The etiology can be clarified only by taking into consideration the clinical findings and course, the serological results, and the result of therapy. (orig.) [de

  19. CT findings in patients with cerebral palsy

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Konno, Kimiichi

    1982-01-01

    Clinical findings and CT findings in 73 cases of cerebral palsy were studied. The causes of cerebral palsy were presumed to be as follows: abnormal cerebral development (36%), asphyxial delivery (34%), and immature delivery (19%), etc. CT findings were abnormal in 58% of the 73 cases, 83% of the spastic tetraplegia patients and all of the spastic hemiplegia patients showed abnormal CT findings. All the patients with spastic monoplegia presented normal CT findings. In 75% of the spastic hemiplegia cases, the CT abnormalities were due to cerebral parenchymal abnormality such as porencephaly and regional low absorption. In cases of spastic tetraplegia, cerebral parenchymal abnormality was found only in 10%. Cortical atrophy was found only in 15 of the 73 cases, whereas central atrophy was found in 36 cases. (Ueda, J.)

  20. Cerebral aneurysms – an audit

    African Journals Online (AJOL)

    Enrique

    Abstract. We performed an audit to determine the profile of cerebral aneurysms at the Universitas Hospital Bloem- fontein, the only government hospital with a vascular suite in the Free State and Northern Cape area. Two hun- dred and twenty-three government patients, diagnosed with cerebral aneurysms during the period.

  1. Cerebral cartography and connectomics

    OpenAIRE

    Sporns, Olaf

    2015-01-01

    Cerebral cartography and connectomics pursue similar goals in attempting to create maps that can inform our understanding of the structural and functional organization of the cortex. Connectome maps explicitly aim at representing the brain as a complex network, a collection of nodes and their interconnecting edges. This article reflects on some of the challenges that currently arise in the intersection of cerebral cartography and connectomics. Principal challenges concern the temporal dynamic...

  2. Algunas experiencias de aplicación del aprendizaje cooperativo y del aprendizaje basado en proyectos

    OpenAIRE

    García-Almiñana, Daniel; Amante García, Beatriz

    2006-01-01

    En esta comunicación se pretenden presentar algunas experiencias de aplicación del AC y ABP en distintas asignaturas impartidas en la Universidad Europea de Madrid y en la Universidad Politécnica de Catalunya, destacando los aspectos de mejora observados con respecto a la docencia convencional.

  3. Experiencia de las madres durante el contacto piel a piel al nacimiento

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    P.K. García May

    2017-12-01

    Full Text Available Resumen: Introducción y objetivo: Las madres disfrutan la experiencia del contacto piel a piel inmediatamente después del nacimiento y se plantea la posibilidad de que tal contacto pueda ayudar a estas madres a sentirse más seguras con sus bebés. Objetivo: describir la experiencia de las madres durante el contacto piel a piel al nacer por parto y cesárea. Material y métodos: Estudio transversal, descriptivo, observacional, prospectivo, realizado en la Unidad Tocoquirúrgica del Instituto Nacional de Perinatología, en la Ciudad de México, durante el contacto piel a piel madre-hijo al nacimiento, en los recién nacidos a término sanos, durante el período comprendido desde el 1 de septiembre de 2015 al 31 de julio de 2016. Se les pidió a las madres describir su experiencia durante el contacto piel con piel al nacimiento. Los resultados se analizaron utilizando Wizard Pro Versión 1.9.7. Resultados: Se obtuvo entrevista de 779 mamás, a las que se les realizó contacto piel a piel al nacimiento durante 11 meses. Se categorizó por nivel de satisfacción como muy satisfactorio, satisfactorio y poco satisfactorio, encontrando que 570 casos (73.2% se categorizaron como muy satisfactorio, 201 (25.8% como satisfactorio y 8 (3% como poco satisfactorio. En cuanto al nivel de satisfacción y la vía de nacimiento, no hubo diferencias estadísticamente significativas (p = 0.212, por lo que podemos inferir que el grado de satisfacción de la madre es independiente de la vía de nacimiento. Conclusiones: La colocación del recién nacido sobre el pecho de la madre después del nacimiento es una experiencia feliz y muy satisfactoria para la gran mayoría de la madres. Abstract: Introduction and objective: Mothers enjoy the experience of skin-to-skin contact immediately after birth, and this raises the possibility that such contact can help these mothers feel more secure with their babies

  4. Neonatal cerebral infarction

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Fujimoto, Shinji; Togari, Hajime; Sobajima, Hisanori; Suzuki, Shigesumi; Wada, Yoshiro; Yokochi, Kenji; Nishimura, Yutaka; Inukai, Kazuhisa; Futamura, Masahide.

    1992-01-01

    In a retrospective multi-center study, we investigated eighteen infants with unilateral cerebral infarctions confirmed by computed tomography (CT) scans. The initial symptoms were observed in all the patients between 0 and 3 days of age. Convulsions or apneic attacks were the initial symptoms in all but one. Only 4 patients had complicated obstetric histories and none showed polycythemia or electrolyte abnormalities. All of the initial CT scans revealed unilaterally localized hypodense areas. In 10, the initial CT scans were performed within 24 hours after the clinical onset. In 16, the lesions were within the territory of the middle cerebral artery, 9 of which also involved the cortico-spinal tract (CST). In the remaining 2 patients, the lesions were located whithin the territory of the posterior cerebral artery. None of the 9 patients without CST involvement developed hemiplegia, whereas 5 (56%) of the 9 with CST involvement had hemiplegia, which is a fairly low incidence compared with that in adult cases. This difference was thought to be related to neonatal brain plasticity. (author)

  5. Detection of cerebral arterial gas embolism using regional cerebral oxygen saturation, quantitative electroencephalography, and brain oxygen tension in the swine

    NARCIS (Netherlands)

    Weenink, R. P.; Hollmann, M. W.; Stevens, M. F.; Kager, J.; van Gulik, T. M.; van Hulst, R. A.

    2014-01-01

    Cerebral air emboli occur as a complication of invasive medical procedures. The sensitivity of cerebral monitoring methods for the detection of air emboli is not known. This study investigates the utility of electroencephalography and non-invasively measured cerebral oxygen saturation in the

  6. Esfuerzos nacionales para la implementación de las sentencias interamericanas: La experiencia mexicana

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Gladys Fabiola Morales Ramírez

    2015-08-01

    Full Text Available El presente artículo está dedicado al análisis de la experiencia de México en el cumplimiento de sentencias emitidas por la Corte Interamericana de Derechos Humanos, específicamente los esfuerzos de las autoridades nacionales en el diseño de instrumentos especializados para la implementación de estas decisiones.

  7. The effects of various preservation methods on fatty acid content of ...

    African Journals Online (AJOL)

    The effect of various preservation methods on fatty acid content of African catfish, (Clarias gariepinus) and Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) was investigated. Fresh fish samples were obtained from swimming pool end (Gamji Gate) of River Rino, Kaduna. Preservation methods investigated were: straight smoking (SS), ...

  8. Acute cerebral vascular accident associated with hyperperfusion

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Soin, J.S.; Burdine, J.A.

    1976-01-01

    Cerebral radionuclide angiography can demonstrate decreased or normal radioactivity in the affected region during the arterial phase in patients who have sustained a cerebral vascular accident and thus enhances the diagnostic specificity of the static brain image. In an occasional patient, however, a seemingly paradoxical pattern of regional hyperperfusion with a return to normal or subnormal perfusion following the acute phase has been observed. This phenomenon, called luxury perfusion, has been defined using intra-arterial 133 Xe for semiquantitative cerebral blood flow measurements and should be kept in mind as a potentially misleading cerebral imaging pattern

  9. Neuroimaging of cerebral vasculitis

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Wengenroth, M.; Saam, T.; Haehnel, S.

    2016-01-01

    Cerebral vasculitis can have a variety of origins. Furthermore, there are no vasculitis-specific symptoms or imaging signs and vasculitis of the CNS can mimic many other neurological diseases, which require different treatment approaches. Thus, the clinical and radiological diagnosis of cerebral vasculitis is challenging. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and MR angiography (MRA) should be the radiological imaging methods of choice to assess the degree of parenchymal damage and to detect vessel wall changes. If the results are unclear digital subtraction angiography (DSA) should be pursued in order to also detect changes in medium sized vessels. Vasculitis of small vessels cannot be detected by vascular imaging and requires brain or leptomeningeal biopsy. In this review we present the current diagnostic approach and a variety of imaging findings in cerebral vasculitis and discuss the main radiological differential diagnoses. (orig.) [de

  10. Diaschisis with cerebral infarction

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Slater, R.; Reivich, M.; Goldberg, H.; Banka, R.; Greenberg, J.

    1977-01-01

    Fifteen patients admitted to Philadelphia General Hospital with acute strokes had repeated measurements of cerebral blood flow measured by the /sup 133/X inhalation method. A progressive decline in cerebral blood flow in both hemispheres was observed during the first week after infarction in twelve of these patients. This decline could be partially explained by loss of autoregulation, but could not be correlated with level of consciousness, clinical status of PCO2. This progressive decline in flow in the non-ischemic hemisphere indicates a process more complex than a simple destruction of axonal afferants to neurons as implied by the term diaschisis. The flow changes in the non-ischemic hemisphere are likely caused by a combination of the immediate effects of decreased neuronal stimulation modified by loss of autoregulation, release of vasoactive substances, cerebral edema, and other factors.

  11. Cerebral hemodynamics in migraine

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Hachinski, V C; Olesen, Jes; Norris, J W

    1977-01-01

    Clinical and angiographic findings in migraine are briefly reviewed in relation to cerebral hemodynamic changes shown by regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) studies. Three cases of migraine studied by the intracarotid xenon 133 method during attacks are reported. In classic migraine, with typical...... prodromal symptoms, a decrease in cerebral blood flow has been demonstrated during the aura. Occasionally, this flow decrease persists during the headache phase. In common migraine, where such prodromata are not seen, a flow decrease has not been demonstrated. During the headache phase of both types...... of migraine, rCBF has usually been found to be normal or in the high range of normal values. The high values may represent postischemic hyperemia, but are probably more frequently secondary to arousal caused by pain. Thus, during the headache phase rCBF may be subnormal, normal or high. These findings do...

  12. Effects of CDP-choline on neurologic deficits and cerebral glucose metabolism in a rat model of cerebral ischemia

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Kakihana, M.; Fukuda, N.; Suno, M.; Nagaoka, A.

    1988-02-01

    The effects of cytidine 5'-diphosphocholine (CDP-choline) on neurologic deficits and cerebral glucose metabolism were studied in a rat model of transient cerebral ischemia. Cerebral ischemia was induced by occluding both common carotid arteries for 20 or 30 minutes 24 hours after the vertebral arteries were permanently occluded by electrocautery. CDP-choline was administered intraperitoneally twice daily for 4 days after reestablishing carotid blood flow. CDP-choline at two dosages (50 and 250 mg/kg) shortened the time required for recovery of spontaneous motor activity in a dose-related manner; recovery time was measured early after reperfusion. Neurologic signs were observed for 10 days. High-dose CDP-choline improved neurologic signs in the rats within 20-30 minutes of ischemia. When cerebral glucose metabolism was assessed on Day 4, increases in the levels of glucose and pyruvate were accompanied by decreases in the synthesis of labeled acetylcholine from uniformly labeled (/sup 14/C)glucose measured in the cerebral cortex of rats with 30 minutes of ischemia. High-dose CDP-choline also attenuated changes in these variables. CDP-(1,2-/sup 14/C)choline injected intravenously 10 minutes after reperfusion was used for membrane lipid biosynthesis. These results indicate that CDP-choline has beneficial effects on brain dysfunction induced by cerebral ischemia, which may be due in part to the restorative effects of CDP-choline on disturbed cerebral glucose metabolism, probably by stimulating phospholipid biosynthesis.

  13. Effects of CDP-choline on neurologic deficits and cerebral glucose metabolism in a rat model of cerebral ischemia

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Kakihana, M.; Fukuda, N.; Suno, M.; Nagaoka, A.

    1988-01-01

    The effects of cytidine 5'-diphosphocholine (CDP-choline) on neurologic deficits and cerebral glucose metabolism were studied in a rat model of transient cerebral ischemia. Cerebral ischemia was induced by occluding both common carotid arteries for 20 or 30 minutes 24 hours after the vertebral arteries were permanently occluded by electrocautery. CDP-choline was administered intraperitoneally twice daily for 4 days after reestablishing carotid blood flow. CDP-choline at two dosages (50 and 250 mg/kg) shortened the time required for recovery of spontaneous motor activity in a dose-related manner; recovery time was measured early after reperfusion. Neurologic signs were observed for 10 days. High-dose CDP-choline improved neurologic signs in the rats within 20-30 minutes of ischemia. When cerebral glucose metabolism was assessed on Day 4, increases in the levels of glucose and pyruvate were accompanied by decreases in the synthesis of labeled acetylcholine from uniformly labeled [ 14 C]glucose measured in the cerebral cortex of rats with 30 minutes of ischemia. High-dose CDP-choline also attenuated changes in these variables. CDP-[1,2- 14 C]choline injected intravenously 10 minutes after reperfusion was used for membrane lipid biosynthesis. These results indicate that CDP-choline has beneficial effects on brain dysfunction induced by cerebral ischemia, which may be due in part to the restorative effects of CDP-choline on disturbed cerebral glucose metabolism, probably by stimulating phospholipid biosynthesis

  14. LA ESCRITURA EN LOS PROCESOS DE SISTEMATIZACIÓN DE EXPERIENCIAS EDUCATIVAS WRITING IN THE PROCESSES OF SYSTEMATIZATION OF EDUCATIONAL EXPERIENCES

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Ligia Ochoa Sierra

    2011-12-01

    Full Text Available Este artículo presenta un análisis del proceso de sistematización y escritura de experiencias significativas en el aula, llevado a cabo por docentes de educación básica y media en el marco de la convocatoria del Ministerio de Educación Nacional en el año 2009, sobre el tema de la pertinencia educativa. Los resultados muestran que solo los profesores que han sido protagonistas principales de las experiencias pueden cifrarlas y socializarlas, y que un buen acompañamiento supone, así mismo, adentrarse en las experiencias de los profesores para poder orientarlos adecuadamente en su proceso de escritura.The article analyzes the process of systematization and writing of significant classroom experiences, carried out by elementary and high school teachers in the context of the National Ministry of Education's forum on educational pertinence in 2009. Results show that only the teachers who have been the protagonists of the experiences are able to assess and socialize them, and that a good advisory process implies delving into the teachers' experiences into order to be able to guide them adequately in their writing process.

  15. La experiencia escolar más allá de la escuela: notas sobre un estudio de caso acerca de jóvenes y experiencia escolar

    OpenAIRE

    Crego, María Laura

    2014-01-01

    El presente trabajo tiene como objetivo compartir una serie de resultados y reflexiones alcanzados en el desarrollo de la tesina de grado de la carrera de Licenciatura en Sociología. En ella, se abordó la pregunta acerca de cómo construyen su experiencia escolar los y las jóvenes en contextos de pobreza. A este fin se desarrolló un estudio de caso en un barrio periférico de la ciudad de La Plata en el que se optó por estrategias cualitativas. El artículo presenta los principales res...

  16. EXPERIENCIA INTEGRADORA PARA EDUCACIÓN AMBIENTAL

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Jorge F. Coronel

    2015-01-01

    Full Text Available En este trabajo se relacionó la práctica experimental de laboratorio co n el análisis de problemas ambientales. El objetivo de este trabajo es analizar una propuesta que vinculó el trabajo experimental con la situación del ambiente local para promover el cuidado de la naturaleza y su uso con sostenibilidad . Esta estrategia brindó un enfoque integrador aportando a los alumnos de profesorado una alternativa de aprendizaje con exper iencias sencillas para el estudio cualitativo de l ambiente local y motivar a l análisis de problemas asociad o s. Las experiencias permitieron caracterizar las muestras de suelo, agua y aire del lugar de residencia de los alumnos. La información experimental obtenida potenció la discusión de la situación ambiental actual. E l enfoque de enseñanza basado en problemas socio - científicos posibilit ó la visión interdisciplinar del tema , redimensionando valores y acciones para el cuidado ambiental y el desarrollo sustentable.

  17. Experiencias de Discriminación Social de Inmigrantes Nicaragüenses en Costa Rica: Reacciones Afectivas y Atribuciones Causales

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Vanessa Smith-Castro

    2010-01-01

    Full Text Available En dos estudios, 190 inmigrantes nicaragüenses fueron encuestados mediante un cuestionario sobre: (a sus experiencias de discriminación en Costa Rica, (b sus reacciones afectivas ante la discriminación, y (c sus representaciones sobre las causas de los eventos discriminatorios. El Estudio 1 (N = 102, 50% mujeres muestra que las reacciones ante la discriminación forman dos dimensiones básicas, a saber, ira y depresión. Estas dimensiones se encontraron diferencialmente relacionadas con marcadores de salud mental, específicamente autoestima personal y colectiva. El Estudio 2 (N = 88, 51% mujeres replica esta estructura bidimensional y muestra que las atribuciones sobre las causas de la discriminación moderan la relación entre discriminación, depresión e ira. Específicamente, las experiencias de discriminación se encontraron asociadas a la depresión, cuando la atribución causal de la discriminación eran las actitudes de los otros (el prejuicio de los costarricenses, pero cuando la explicación causal de la discriminación recayó en la pertenencia al colectivo discriminado (ser nicaragüense, las experiencias discriminación se encontraron asociadas a la ira.

  18. Experiencia de Uso de un Laboratorio Remoto de Control

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Nourdine Aliane

    2010-01-01

    Full Text Available Resumen: En los últimos años, hemos asistido a un desarrollo significativo de los laboratorios remotos. Su integración en el ámbito académico ofrece muchas ventajas desde el punto de vista logístico, pero también conlleva un impacto substancial desde el punto de vistas pedagógico. En este trabajo se presenta una experiencia de utilización de un laboratorio remoto de control, cuyo objetivo es mostrar el alcance de la experimentación remota desde el punto de vista de los alumnos así como desde la perspectiva del profesor. Palabras clave: Laboratorios Remotos, Ingeniería de Control, Educación

  19. Experiencia y representaciones del mundo natural e una comunidad andina de Cajamarca

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Ana De La Torre A.

    1985-12-01

    Full Text Available En este trabajo se exponen algunos aspectos de la organización conceptual del mundo natural en una comunidad campesina en la Sierra Norte del Perú. Se presentan en primer lugar las categorías clasificatorias utilizadas como criterios organizadores de la multiplicidad del mundo sensible en el aspecto de la Flora. Luego se exponen las representaciones colectivas surgidas como elaboraciones ideológicas en base a la organización de la experiencia sensible.

  20. Dynamic Cerebral Autoregulation after Cardiopulmonary Bypass

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Christiansen, Claus Behrend; Berg, Ronan M G; Plovsing, Ronni R

    2016-01-01

    Background Cerebral hemodynamic disturbances in the peri- or postoperative period may contribute to postoperative cognitive dysfunction (POCD) in patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) with cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB). We therefore examined dynamic cerebral autoregulation (d...

  1. A Means for the Scintigraphic Imaging of Regional Brain Dynamics. Regional Cerebral Blood Flow and Regional Cerebral Blood Volume

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Potchen, E. J.; Bentley, R.; Gerth, W.; Hill, R. L.; Davis, D. O. [Washington University School Of Medicine, St. Louis, MO (United States)

    1969-05-15

    The use of freely diffusable inert radioactive gas as a washout indicator to measure regional cerebral blood flow has become a standardized kinetic procedure in many laboratories. Recent investigations with this technique have led us to conclude that we can reliably distinguish regional flow with perfusion against regional flow without perfusion from the early portion of the curve. Based on a detailed study of the early curve kinetics in patients with and without cerebral vascular disease we have defined the sampling duration necessary for application of the Anger gamma camera imaging process to regional changes in cerebral radioactivity. Using a standard camera and a small computer, a procedure has been developed and based upon entire field to determine the time of maximum height followed by analysis of the data in a matrix. This will permit a contour plot presentation of calculated regional cerebral blood flow in millilitres per 100 grams perfused brain per minute. In addition, we propose to augment this data by the display of regional non-perfusion blood flow versus regional cerebral flow with perfusion. Preliminary investigation on sampling duration, and Compton scattering were prerequisite to clinical scintigraphy of regional cerebral blood flow. In addition, the method of interface for the conventional Anger gamma camera to digital computers used in this procedure are discussed. Applications to further assess regional cerebral dynamics by scintigraphy are presented. (author)

  2. Magnetic resonance spectroscopy and imaging in cerebral ischemia

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Rijen, P.C. van.

    1991-01-01

    In-vivo proton and phosphorus magnetic resonance spectroscopy was used to detect changes in cerebral metabolism during ischemia and other types of metabolic stress. Magnetic resonance imaging was performed in an animal model to observe morphological alterations during focal cerebral ischemia. Spectroscopy was performed in animal models with global ischemia, in volunteers during hyperventilation and pharmaco-logically altered cerebral perfusion, and in patients with acute and prolonged focal cerebral ischemia. (author). 396 refs.; 44 figs.; 14 tabs

  3. The early markers for later dyskinetic cerebral palsy are different from those for spastic cerebral palsy

    NARCIS (Netherlands)

    Einspieler, C; Cioni, G; Paolicelli, PB; Bos, AF; Dressler, A; Ferrari, F; Roversi, MF; Prechtl, HFR

    Qualitative abnormalities of spontaneous motor activity in new-borns and young infants are early predictive markers for later spastic cerebral palsy. Aim of this research was to identify which motor patterns may be specific for later dyskinetic cerebral palsy. In a large, prospectively performed

  4. APUNTES SOBRE EL ESTADO DEL ARTE DE LA EXPERIENCIA CORPORAL1

    OpenAIRE

    Libardo Mosquera Mateus; Sonia López Domínguez; Martha Arenas Molina

    2016-01-01

    El presente artículo recoge investigaciones, estudios y artículos desarrollados alrededor del término experiencia corporal, expresión de complejo abordaje para su análisis, por cuanto es reciente el trabajo que se ha dado a su alrededor, en especial en el aspecto educativo. Este artículo presenta un recorrido por algunos autores que han posibilitado el estudio del mismo desde lo filosófico y pasando por el trabajo realizado desde otras disciplinas y la educación. Pretende aportar ...

  5. Duplicated middle cerebral artery

    Science.gov (United States)

    Perez, Jesus; Machado, Calixto; Scherle, Claudio; Hierro, Daniel

    2009-01-01

    Duplicated middle cerebral artery (DMCA) is an anomalous vessel arising from the internal carotid artery. The incidence DMCA is relatively law, and an association between this anomaly and cerebral aneurysms has been documented. There is a controversy whether DMCA may have perforating arteries. This is an important fact to consider in aneurysm surgery. We report the case of a 34-year-old black woman who suffered a subarachnoid hemorrhage and the angiography a left DMCA, and an aneurysm in an inferior branch of the main MCA. The DMCA and the MCA had perforating arteries. The aneurysm was clipped without complications. The observation of perforating arteries in our patient confirms that the DMCA may have perforating arteries. This is very important to be considered in cerebral aneurysms surgery. Moreover, the DMCA may potentially serve as a collateral blood supply to the MCA territory in cases of MCA occlusion. PMID:22140405

  6. Cerebral specialization. [greater performance efficiency for certain mental abilities or processes by one cerebral hemisphere over another

    Science.gov (United States)

    Morris, Robin D.; Hopkins, William D.; Rumbaugh, Duane M.

    1991-01-01

    The concept of greater performance efficiency for certain mental abilities or processes in one cerebral hemisphere rather than the other is referred to as 'cerebral lateralization'. The experimental paradigm for lateralization research involves the study of patients with one damaged hemisphere, which prevents their performance of a certain task or function; this approach, however, presents many difficulties in extrapolating to brain function in normal patients. Attention is presently given to gender differences in lateralization, cerebral asymmetries in other species, and the evolutionary bases of hemispheric specialization.

  7. Hacia la construcción del trabajo en red para una universidad saludable. Balance del “I Foro internacional sobre experiencias en universidad saludable”

    OpenAIRE

    Virginia, García Sánchez; Jackeline, Ospina Rodríguez

    2009-01-01

    Esta compilación busca favorecer el trabajo en red de las instituciones universitarias que promueven la actividad física como elemento esencial de la salud de su comunidad. También se orienta a socializar los resultados del I Foro Internacional de experiencias en universidad saludable, como avance del trabajo interinstitucional que se promovió durante el evento, con aportes de expertos internacionales, nacionales y las experiencias de las universidades. Este material, va dirigido a todas las ...

  8. Pedestrian-induced lateral vibrations of footbridges

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Ingólfsson, Einar Thór; Georgakis, Christos T.; Jönsson, Jeppe

    2012-01-01

    . Following the unexpected serviceability failures of Paris’ Solférino and London’s Millennium footbridges in 1999 and 2000, a new tract of research was initiated, focused on understanding the phenomenon which has become known as Synchronous Lateral Excitation (SLE). In this paper, a comprehensive review...

  9. Validation of a Cerebral Palsy Register

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Topp, Monica; Langhoff-Roos, Jens; Uldall, P.

    1997-01-01

    OBJECTIVES: To analyse completeness and validity of data in the Cerebral Palsy Register in Denmark, 1979-1982. METHODS: Completeness has been assessed by comparing data from The Danish National Patient Register (DNPR) with the cases included in the Cerebral Palsy Register (CPR). Agreement between......, but gestational age was subject to a systematic error, and urinary infections in pregnancy (kappa = 0.43) and placental abruption (kappa = 0.52) were seriously under-reported in the CPR. CONCLUSIONS: Completeness of the Cerebral Palsy Register in Denmark, 1979-1982, has been assessed to maximal 85%, emphasizing...

  10. Relationship between blood uric and acute cerebral infarction

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Yin Zhanxia; Zhao Danyang

    2011-01-01

    Objective: To study the relationship between blood uric acid and acute cerebral infarction. Methods: The level of blood uric acid and prevalence of hyperuricemia (HUA) were compared in 360 patients with acute cerebral infarction and 300 patients without it. According to the level of blood uric acid, 360 acute cerebral infarction patients were divided into HUA and normouricemia (NUA) groups. Age, sex, body mass index (BMI), blood glucose and total cholesterol were compared between the HUA and NUA group. The degree of neurological functional defection was compared between the two groups when patients were attacked by acute cerebral infarction. After a recovery treatment, the neurological functional defection of the two groups was compared a second time. Results: (1)The average blood uric acid level and prevalence of HUA were higher in patients with acute cerebral infarction. (2) The BMI, blood glucose and total cholesterol were higher in HUA group than in NUA group. (3) The neurological functional defection was more serious in HUA group when patients were attacked by acute cerebral infarction and after a recovery treatment. Conclusion: Hyperuricemia is related to acute cerebral infarction. (authors)

  11. Una experiencia en la selección de pilotos aéreos

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    P. BARDERA MORA

    2004-01-01

    Full Text Available El presente artículo recoge una experiencia concreta en la selección de pilotos de aeronaves, la que se lleva a cabo en el Centro de Psicología de La Flota (Base Naval de Rota. Se ha plasmado una experiencia real en la selección de personal, tal y como se lleva a cabo, en virtud de las propias necesidades. Desde que los aspirantes encuentran en la aeronáutica su vocación hasta que llegan a pilotar un avión deberán pasar muchos controles, uno de los primeros, será superar una valoración psicológica, que conlleva, tanto la evaluación aptitudinal, como la de personalidad. La ¿seguridad¿ es nuestro constante objetivo. Uno de los instrumentos que más frutos ha dado en la predicción de errores e incidentes, ha sido el polirreactímetro; pero sin duda el criterio diferencial viene marcado por los rasgos de personalidad. Pilotar aviones es uno de esos puestos de trabajo que entraña riesgo por si mismo, además se manejan máquinas de gran valor económico; las pérdidas que puede acarrear una selección de personal ineficaz son muy elevadas.

  12. Cerebral asymmetry in a selected Chinese population

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Wang, Y.X.; He, G.X.; Tong, G.H.; Wang, D.B.; Xu, K.Y.

    1999-01-01

    Previous studies have demonstrated anatomical differences between the two cerebral hemispheres and ethnic differences in cerebral asymmetry. This study examined asymmetry of Chinese living in Shanghai. Measurements were taken across the frontal, mid-cerebral and occipital regions from normal head computed tomography (CT) scans of 200 Chinese Shanghai residents (100 male and 100 female, aged 6-73 years, average 48.7 years). The results were compared with reported data in the literature. The following results were found: (i) In the frontal region the right side was larger than the left in 57.5% of cases, equal in 10.5% and smaller in 32% of cases; in the mid-cerebral region the right side was larger than the left in 65.5% of cases, equal in 12.5% and smaller in 22% of cases; in the occipital regions the right side was larger than the left in 34.5% of cases, equal in 8.5% and smaller in 57% of cases. The average right-left differences between the frontal, mid-cerebral and occipital regions were 0.43 mm, 0.9 mm and 0.4 mm respectively. No difference in cerebral asymmetry existed between males and females. The occipital lobes showed the greatest individual asymmetry. The distribution of cerebral asymmetry of Chinese in Shanghai showed similarity to North American Whites rather than North American Blacks, but the average right-left differences were smaller than those of Whites. Copyright (1999) Blackwell Science Pty Ltd

  13. Symptomatic unruptured cerebral aneurysms. Features and surgical outcome

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Date, Isao

    2010-01-01

    Development of less invasive imaging studies, such as magnetic resonance angiography, has increased the chances that unruptured cerebral aneurysms are found. The rupture risk of 'symptomatic' aneurysms is higher than for 'asymptomatic' aneurysms; so 'symptomatic' aneurysms are more often surgically treated. Many reviews examine 'asymptomatic' unruptured cerebral aneurysms, but few evaluate 'symptomatic' aneurysms. The author has treated many patients with symptomatic unruptured cerebral aneurysms and found that improved cranial nerve signs can be expected if the surgical treatment is performed before the symptoms become irreversible; the critical period is approximately 3 months. It is important to suppress the pulsation of the aneurysms compressing the cranial nerves; both a clipping procedure and endovascular coiling are effective. Cranial nerve signs are more commonly the symptoms of unruptured cerebral aneurysms, but large to giant aneurysms can also be the causes of hemiparesis, hydrocephalus, epilepsy, or even cerebral infarction. This review summarizes the features and surgical outcome of symptomatic unruptured cerebral aneurysms. (author)

  14. Regulatory mechanism of endothelin receptor B in the cerebral arteries after focal cerebral ischemia

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Grell, Anne-Sofie; Thigarajah, Rushani; Edvinsson, Lars

    2014-01-01

    BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Increased expression of endothelin receptor type B (ETBR), a vasoactive receptor, has recently been implied in the reduced cerebral blood flow and exacerbated neuronal damage after ischemia-reperfusion (I/R). The study explores the regulatory mechanisms of ETBR to identify...... drug targets to restore normal cerebral artery contractile function as part of successful neuroprotective therapy. METHODS: We have employed in vitro methods on human and rat cerebral arteries to study the regulatory mechanisms and the efficacy of target selective inhibitor, Mithramycin A (Mit...... the ETBR mRNA and protein levels. It also significantly reduced the ETBR mediated cerebrovascular contractility. Detailed analysis indicated that ERK1/2 mediated phosphorylation of Sp1 might be essential for ETBR transcription. CONCLUSION: Transcription factor Sp1 regulates the ETBR mediated...

  15. El reconocimiento y la acreditación de la experiencia

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Óscar MEDINA FERNÁNDEZ

    2010-07-01

    Full Text Available Según los datos de la Encuesta de Población Activa del 2006, el 44,3% de la población ocupada española carece de formación relacionada con el trabajo. Como sucede prácticamente en todos los países desarrollados, se trata de unos trabajadores que no han podido estudiar en su momento y se han puesto a trabajar desde muy jóvenes y es precisamente en el puesto de trabajo donde han aprendido lo que saben y ponen al servicio de la producción. Dicho de otra manera, son trabajadores que han adquirido las competencias propias de una titulación profesional, pero no tienen el título correspondiente. Los sistemas de acreditación de la experiencia tratan de hacer justicia con estos trabajadores, reconociendo y certificando que mediante sistemas no formales o informales de educación han podido adquirir las competencias propias de una titulación. Presentamos en este artículo parte de los resultados de un trabajo de investigación sobre Sistemas de Acreditación: en primer lugar abordamos el concepto de competencia y el de evaluación de la competencia; a continuación hacemos una reseña sobre la metodología, los documentos o protocolos que se emplean en los sistemas de acreditación y las fases a seguir; finalmente entramos en el modo en que estos sistemas de acreditación de la experiencia se están planteando a nivel internacional y en España.

  16. Pisada como trapo de piso: experiencia de violencia hospitalaria en el Nordeste Brasileño

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Annatália Meneses de Amorim GOMES

    2010-12-01

    Full Text Available A pesar de los recientes esfuerzos para mejorar la calidad de los servicios públicos de salud en el Brasil, iniquidades y violencia institucional persisten en los hospitales. Este estudio antropológico-crítico investiga la experiencia humana de hospitalización del punto de vista del paciente internado en un hospital público, localizado en Fortaleza (Ceará, nordeste brasileño. Un método cualitativo original, “El camino del paciente” fue creado y utilizado, mezclando entrevista etnográfica, narrativa del paciente realizada prospectivamente durante la internación, desde la llegada al hospital hasta el alta, y observación-participante de 13 informantesclaves. Los resultados rebelaran 225 experiencias distintas de hospitalización narrada por los pacientes. La mayoría (83,6% de los hechos fue interpretada como “desprecio” y “humillación”; sólo 16,4% fueron percibidos como “cuidado” por el paciente, contribuyendo para la recuperación de su salud. Mostraron la desmoralización progresiva del “paciente sospechoso” desde la recepción por un guardia uniformado hasta la apropiación de sus pertenencias personales. La hospitalización se caracteriza por abandono, soledad y prisión, por la imposición de normas, reglas y procedimientos que ignoran la autonomía, condiciones personales y subjetividad del paciente. A pesar de la estructura opresiva, los pacientes resisten a las agresiones, utilizando múltiples estrategias: trazos personales, imaginación creativa, solidaridad social y fe religiosa. Humanizar la hospitalización pública en el Nordeste brasileño requiere incluir la voz y la experiencia del paciente, desechando los estigmas que perjudican.

  17. Cerebral energy metabolism during induced mitochondrial dysfunction

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Nielsen, T H; Bindslev, TT; Pedersen, S M

    2013-01-01

    In patients with traumatic brain injury as well as stroke, impaired cerebral oxidative energy metabolism may be an important factor contributing to the ultimate degree of tissue damage. We hypothesize that mitochondrial dysfunction can be diagnosed bedside by comparing the simultaneous changes...... in brain tissue oxygen tension (PbtO(2)) and cerebral cytoplasmatic redox state. The study describes cerebral energy metabolism during mitochondrial dysfunction induced by sevoflurane in piglets....

  18. Cerebral blood flow response to functional activation

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Paulson, Olaf B; Hasselbalch, Steen G; Rostrup, Egill

    2010-01-01

    Cerebral blood flow (CBF) and cerebral metabolic rate are normally coupled, that is an increase in metabolic demand will lead to an increase in flow. However, during functional activation, CBF and glucose metabolism remain coupled as they increase in proportion, whereas oxygen metabolism only inc...... the cerebral tissue's increased demand for glucose supply during neural activation with recent evidence supporting a key function for astrocytes in rCBF regulation....

  19. Diffusion-weighted MRI in acute cerebral stroke

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Takayama, Hideichi; Kobayashi, Masahito; Suga, Sadao; Kawase, Takeshi; Nagasawa, Masakazu; Sadanaga, Humiko; Okamura, Miyuki; Kanai, Yoshihiro; Mihara, Ban [Mihara Memorial Hospital, Isezaki, Gunma (Japan)

    1999-03-01

    Diffusion-weighted MRI has been demonstrated to be valuable in the assessment of cerebral stroke. Recent advance in MR systems of hardware with larger maximum gradient amplitude and faster imaging strategies, such as EPI, has made it possible to acquire whole brain diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) in less that one minute. The purposes of this study are to evaluate clinical usefulness of DWI and to clarify pitfalls in the diagnosis of acute cerebral stroke. Seventeen patients with 18 ischemic lesions were studied. DWI were taken with 1.5 Tesla MRI (Magnetom Vision, Siemens, Germany) using EPI sequence. Fifteen lesions out of them (3 in cerebral cortex, 9 in basal ganglia/deep white matter and 3 in cerebellum) were studied serially at various times up to 147 days. Acute cerebral infarction was seen clearly as an area of hyperintensity with DWI and as hypointensity in apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) maps which are indicative of decreased diffusion. DWI detected areas of hyperintense acute infarcts, as early as 2.5 hours after onset, which were not visualized on T{sub 2}-weighted image (T2WI). The lesion of cerebral infarction became isointense in ADC maps at 14-28 days after onset, whereas with DWI it became isointense at about 2 months. Because ADC changed earlier than DWI, ADC maps were useful for differentiate acute from nonacute lesion in cases of recurrent stroke within a short period. In a patient with transient global amnesia for 7 hours, DWI did not show any lesion at 8 hours. In terms of cerebral hemorrhage, lesions were seen as area of hyperintensity in DWI at 3 days and were not distinguishable from that of infarct. Despite limitations in the diagnosis of transient ischemia and cerebral hemorrhage, DWI is a useful technique for early detection of cerebral infarction, especially within the first 6 hours after stroke onset. (author)

  20. Diffusion-weighted MRI in acute cerebral stroke

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Takayama, Hideichi; Kobayashi, Masahito; Suga, Sadao; Kawase, Takeshi; Nagasawa, Masakazu; Sadanaga, Humiko; Okamura, Miyuki; Kanai, Yoshihiro; Mihara, Ban

    1999-01-01

    Diffusion-weighted MRI has been demonstrated to be valuable in the assessment of cerebral stroke. Recent advance in MR systems of hardware with larger maximum gradient amplitude and faster imaging strategies, such as EPI, has made it possible to acquire whole brain diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) in less that one minute. The purposes of this study are to evaluate clinical usefulness of DWI and to clarify pitfalls in the diagnosis of acute cerebral stroke. Seventeen patients with 18 ischemic lesions were studied. DWI were taken with 1.5 Tesla MRI (Magnetom Vision, Siemens, Germany) using EPI sequence. Fifteen lesions out of them (3 in cerebral cortex, 9 in basal ganglia/deep white matter and 3 in cerebellum) were studied serially at various times up to 147 days. Acute cerebral infarction was seen clearly as an area of hyperintensity with DWI and as hypointensity in apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) maps which are indicative of decreased diffusion. DWI detected areas of hyperintense acute infarcts, as early as 2.5 hours after onset, which were not visualized on T 2 -weighted image (T2WI). The lesion of cerebral infarction became isointense in ADC maps at 14-28 days after onset, whereas with DWI it became isointense at about 2 months. Because ADC changed earlier than DWI, ADC maps were useful for differentiate acute from nonacute lesion in cases of recurrent stroke within a short period. In a patient with transient global amnesia for 7 hours, DWI did not show any lesion at 8 hours. In terms of cerebral hemorrhage, lesions were seen as area of hyperintensity in DWI at 3 days and were not distinguishable from that of infarct. Despite limitations in the diagnosis of transient ischemia and cerebral hemorrhage, DWI is a useful technique for early detection of cerebral infarction, especially within the first 6 hours after stroke onset. (author)

  1. Sequential assessment of regional cerebral blood flow, regional cerebral blood volume, and blood-brain barrier in focal cerebral ischemia: a case report

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Di Piero, V.; Perani, D.; Savi, A.; Gerundini, P.; Lenzi, G.L.; Fazio, F.

    1986-01-01

    Regional CBF (rCBF) and regional cerebral blood volume (rCBV) were evaluated by N,N,N'-trimethyl-N'-(2)-hydroxy-3-methyl-5-[123I]iodobenzyl-1, 3-propanediamine-2 HCl- and /sup 99m/TC-labeled red blood cells, respectively, and single-photon emission computerized tomography (SPECT) in a patient with focal cerebral ischemia. Sequential transmission computerized tomography (TCT) and SPECT functional data were compared with clinical findings to monitor the pathophysiological events occurring in stroke. A lack of correlation between rCBF-rCBV distributions and blood-brain barrier (BBB) breakdown was found in the acute phase. In the face of more prolonged alteration of BBB, as seen by TCT enhancement, a rapid evolution of transient phenomena such as luxury perfusion was shown by SPECT studies. Follow-up of the patient demonstrated a correlation between the neurological recovery and a parallel relative improvement of the cerebral perfusion

  2. Evaluation of radiation risk and work practices during cerebral interventions

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Livingstone, Roshan S; Raghuram, L; Korah, Ipeson P; Raj, D Victor [Department of Radiodiagnosis, Christian Medical College, Vellore 632004 (India)

    2003-09-01

    This study was intended to evaluate radiation risk to patients during cerebral interventions and the contribution to this risk from work practices. Thirty nine patients undergoing cerebral interventions in a digital subtraction angiography suite were included in this study. Patients who underwent cerebral interventions were categorised into two groups according to the number of cerebral interventions performed on them, and their effective doses were calculated. The effective dose for patients undergoing a single cerebral intervention (group A) varied from 1.55 to 15.9 mSv and for multiple cerebral interventions (group B) varied from 16.52 to 43.52 mSv. Two patients who underwent multiple cerebral interventions (group B) had alopecia of the irradiated scalp.

  3. Una experiencia formativa de internacionalización: percepciones de los estudiantes universitarios

    OpenAIRE

    Díaz Noguera, María Dolores

    2013-01-01

    Las diferentes demandas sociales, económicas, culturales y laborales nos obligan a buscar nuevos procesos formativos y reflexionar sobre aspectos metodológicos y laborales. En este sentido, presentamos la experiencia de dos universidades situadas en el marco europeo que tienen la intención de identificar los comportamientos de los estudiantes universitarios cuando trabajan en un aprendizaje colaborativo en línea. A este propósito queremos añadir otros que forman parte del proyecto de investig...

  4. Enseñando comunicación con mapas conceptuales: experiencias y posibilidades

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Carlos Araya Rivera

    2012-01-01

    Full Text Available Este ensayo reseña algunas experiencias en el uso de mapas conceptuales para la enseñanza de las Ciencias de la Comunicación, desarrolladas por el autor en tres cursos impartidos en la Universidad de Costa Rica entre el 2007 y el 2010. Se reflexiona en cuanto a la aplicación de esta herramienta y sus posibilidades didácticas, y se ofrece algunas recomendaciones para aprovechar mejor el potencial de los mapas conceptuales.

  5. Educación para la salud y el consumo. una experiencia interdisciplinar

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    María Luisa GARCÍA RODRÍGUEZ

    2009-11-01

    Full Text Available La experiencia que recoge el presente trabajo, concretada en el taller de repostería, ha tenido lugar en el C.P. «Villar y Macias» de Salamanca, denominado anteriormente Prácticas Femenino. Permítaseme, desde el punto de vista metodológico, ir exponiendo simultáneamente las actividades realizadas, junto a la reflexión teórica suscitada por las mismas y ciertas sugerencias de cómo plantear un taller de esta naturaleza.

  6. Development and face validity of a cerebral visual impairment motor questionnaire for children with cerebral palsy

    NARCIS (Netherlands)

    Salavati, Masoud; Waninge, Aly; Rameckers, E.A.A.; van der Steen, J; Krijnen, W.P.; van der Schans, C.P.; Steenbergen, B.

    2016-01-01

    AIM: The objectives of this study were (i) to develop two cerebral visual impairment motor questionnaires (CVI-MQ's) for children with cerebral palsy (CP): one for children with Gross Motor Function Classification System (GMFCS) levels I, II and III and one for children with GMFCS levels IV and V;

  7. Development and face validity of a cerebral visual impairment motor questionnaire for children with cerebral palsy

    NARCIS (Netherlands)

    Salavati, M.; Waninge, A.; Rameckers, E. A. A.; van der Steen, J.; Krijnen, W. P.; van der Schans, C. P.; Steenbergen, B.

    Aim The objectives of this study were (i) to develop two cerebral visual impairment motor questionnaires (CVI-MQ's) for children with cerebral palsy (CP): one for children with Gross Motor Function Classification System (GMFCS) levels I, II and III and one for children with GMFCS levels IV and V;

  8. NEYROPSYCHOLOGICAL CONSECUENCES OF CEREBRAL PALSY

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    ANA MARÍA NAVARRO MELENDRO

    2005-01-01

    Full Text Available Cerebral Palsy is defined as a movement alteration result of a non progressive damage witch is permanent in anencephalon that has not acquired its final maturation. Patients that suffer cerebral palsy present learning disabilities,that varies between being completely normal to severe as a consequence of memory, gnosis, praxis, perceptive andlanguage impairments. Nevertheless the consequences of this disease are not always predictable. This paper pretendsto make a description of the cognitive and behavioral deficits that overcomes along with the manifestation of thecerebral palsy and its possible treatment. We used a complete neuropsychological battery to evaluate a 7 years oldpatient who was diagnosed of cerebral palsy and spastic diplegia finding some cognitive impairment in fields such asmnesic, gnosic and attention processes.

  9. Burocracias penales, administración institucional de conflictos y ciudadanía: Experiencia comparada entre Brasil y Argentina

    OpenAIRE

    Marta Fernández Patallo

    2010-01-01

    TISCORNIA Sofía, KANT DE LIMA Roberto y EILBAUM, Lucía (comp.). 2009. Burocracias penales, administración institucional de conflictos y ciudadanía. Experiencia comparada entre Brasil y Argentina. Buenos Aires: Antropofagia.

  10. Aproximación a una categorización de los sistemas de productos: el uso y la experiencia del consumidor como configuradores

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    John Jairo Cardozo Vásquez

    2015-10-01

    Full Text Available Con la transformación en las formas de relación con los productos, los consumidores han dejado de ser receptores pasivos de funciones para transformarse en co-creadores de los productos, así como buscadores de experiencias y sensaciones. Múltiples estudios demuestran cómo los ecosistemas de productos son el ambiente en el que se realizan estas interacciones entre consumidores y productos (Jiao, Xu, Du, Zhang, Helander, Khalid y Ni, 2007; Zhou, Xu y Jiao, 2011, donde las experiencias y sensaciones del usuario son optimizadas a través de la estrategia de categorización, lo que permite establecer agrupaciones de productos basadas en la similitud percibida. Este estudio busca establecer la manera como el uso y la experiencia influyen en el diseño de los productos de una categoría. Se proponen 8 agrupaciones que describen las formas de interacción de los consumidores con los productos, las cuales son estudiadas mediante el modelo de sistemas de productos. Para evaluar estos planteamientos se aplica una encuesta a 57 expertos en el área del diseño, enfocada en determinar el grado de afectación de la experiencia y el uso en la caracterización de los sistemas de productos. A partir del análisis de los datos, se extrae una escala del grado de énfasis requerido en cada variable. Los resultados son contrastados con la literatura y se discuten sus implicaciones para el diseño de categorías mediante el modelado de sistemas de productos.

  11. Subjetivación de la experiencia violenta en el transtorno por estrés postraumático

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Oscar Alfredo Muñiz

    2005-12-01

    Full Text Available A través de este estudio, se buscó establecer el estado de SaludMental de las personas víctimas de violencia armada en el Departamentodel Chocó (Colombia. Específicamente se buscó comprenderel modo en que se ha subjetivado o ha sido integradapsíquicamente la experiencia violenta. La metodología es el deestudio de caso. El estudio es particularista y descriptivo se basó enel razonamiento inductivo a partir del manejo de datos que para elcaso provienen de entrevistas clínicas puesta al servicio de lainvestigación. La mirada cualitativa del problema indica que elnarcisismo protege al sujeto de la experiencia de muerte realimplicado en el trauma por violencia, la lógica paranoide se estableceen relación al Otro, y el repliegue sobre el núcleo familiar se dacomo consecuencia de estos dos aspectos.

  12. Comprehensive visual impairment evaluation for cerebral palsy children

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Ping Wang

    2015-01-01

    Full Text Available AIM: To evaluate the visual impairment in cerebral palsy children with series objective indicators, and conclude their clinical features of visual function.METHODS: Objective tests including following pursuing test, optokinetic nystagmus(OKNdrum test, refractive error examination, fundus examination, ocular deviation examination, pattern visual evoked potential(P-VEPtests and brain magnetic resonance imaging(MRIwere carried out in 43 cerebral palsy children(86 eyeswith ocular visual dysfunction; The visual impairment data of the cerebral palsy children were collected, and the clinical features and possible mechanism were analyzed.RESULTS: 1. Of the 43 cerebral palsy children(86 eyeswith the visual impairment presented diversified, 25(50 eyes, 58.1%of refractive error, 24(48 eyes, 55.8%of strabismus, 12(24 eyes, 27.9%with nystagmus, 19(38 eyes, 44.2%of optical nerve atrophy or hyperplasia, 35(70 eyes, 81.4%of VEP abnormality. Among children with spastic cerebral palsy, the incidence of visual impairment was statistically significant difference compared with other groups(PP>0.05, no nystagmus in patients with severe occipital cortex damage.CONCLUSION: Cerebral palsy children were usually with visual impairment, and presented with special clinical features; Comprehensive objective visual tests are accurate and reliable for evaluation of the visual function in cerebral palsy children.

  13. MRI diagnosis of the cerebral schistosomiasis

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Liu Hanqiu; Chen Yuanjun

    2002-01-01

    Objective: To discuss MRI appearance of the cerebral schistosomiasis and its clinical value through analyzing the MRI features and post-surgery pathological findings. Methods: MRI features of the cerebral schistosomiasis in 16, pathologically (n = 6) or clinically (n = 10) proved cases were analyzed retrospectively, and compared with the post-surgery pathological findings in 6 cases. Results: Single masses were found in 11 cases (11/16), and multiple masses in 5 eases (5/16), amounting to 23 masses . fifteen masses (15/23) were located in right cerebral hemisphere, including frontal lobe (n = 2), frontoparietal lobe (n = 5) , and occipitoparietal lobe (n 8), while 8 masses (8/23) in left cerebral hemisphere, including frontal lobe (n = 1), frontoparietal lobe (n = 3), and occipitoparietal lobe (n = 4). The nodular masses were isointense with the gray mass like 'island', and 12 cases (12/16) show the 'gigantic hand' form of edema around them. After IV administration of Gd-DTPA, 15 cases (15/16) revealed multiple closely spaced, intensely enhancing modules, 1-3 mm in diameter, distributed throughout the mass. Seven cases misdiagnosed by CT were revised by MRl. Conclusion: The MRI appearance of the cerebral schistosomiasis is characteristic, and MRI is the most valuable tool to diagnose it without injury

  14. Value of cerebral blood flow rate and regional oxygen consumption studies in cerebral ischaemia

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Clanet, M

    1987-06-18

    Studies of experimentally-induced ischaemia have shown that the intensity of neuronal suffering is related to the fall in perfusion rate. Below a certain level, called functional threshold, cerebral function is reversibly altered, whereas at a lower level (tissue necrosis threshold) the damage inflicted on neurons is irreversible. Between these two thresholds lies a ''penumbra zone''. This concept of thresholds must be mitigated by 2 parameters: duration of ischaemia and selective vulnerability of the various structures affected. Variations in blood flow rate only indirectly affect the state of tissues. Techniques developed from positron emission tomography make it possible to evaluate the metabolic activity of brain tissue in vivo: oxygen consumption (CMRO/sub 2/), oxygen extraction (EO/sub 2/) and glucose consumption (CMRG) which are thus correlated to cerebral blood flow and cerebral blood volume, sometimes also to tissue pH. Normal relations between blood flow rate and metabolism may be altered. Misery perfusion reflects a fall in cerebral blood flow with an increase in EO/sub 2/ and often a decrease in CMRO/sub 2/, whereas luxury perfusion reflects an increase in cerebral blood flow rate with reduction of CMRO/sub 2/, EO/sub 2/ and CMRG. The type of alteration encountered in human ischaemia varies according to the nature of the accident: studies of transient accidents emphasize the different haemodynamic aspects of occlusion of the wider arteries. The metabolic and haemodynamic profiles of established ischaemic accidents vary according to their type and to the time of the study, reflecting the complexity of the physiopathological mechanisms involved; they are frequently associated with metabolic repercussions at a distance from the ischaemic focus, which supports the concept of diaschisis.

  15. Value of cerebral blood flow rate and regional oxygen consumption studies in cerebral ischaemia

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Clanet, M.

    1987-01-01

    Studies of experimentally-induced ischaemia have shown that the intensity of neuronal suffering is related to the fall in perfusion rate. Below a certain level, called functional threshold, cerebral function is reversibly altered, whereas at a lower level (tissue necrosis threshold) the damage inflicted on neurons is irreversible. Between these two thresholds lies a ''penumbra zone''. This concept of thresholds must be mitigated by 2 parameters: duration of ischaemia and selective vulnerability of the various structures affected. Variations in blood flow rate only indirectly affect the state of tissues. Techniques developed from positron emission tomography make it possible to evaluate the metabolic activity of brain tissue in vivo: oxygen consumption (CMRO 2 ), oxygen extraction (EO 2 ) and glucose consumption (CMRG) which are thus correlated to cerebral blood flow and cerebral blood volume, sometimes also to tissue pH. Normal relations between blood flow rate and metabolism may be altered. Misery perfusion reflects a fall in cerebral blood flow with an increase in EO 2 and often a decrease in CMRO 2 , whereas luxury perfusion reflects an increase in cerebral blood flow rate with reduction of CMRO 2 , EO 2 and CMRG. The type of alteration encountered in human ischaemia varies according to the nature of the accident: studies of transient accidents emphasize the different haemodynamic aspects of occlusion of the wider arteries. The metabolic and haemodynamic profiles of established ischaemic accidents vary according to their type and to the time of the study, reflecting the complexity of the physiopathological mechanisms involved; they are frequently associated with metabolic repercussions at a distance from the ischaemic focus, which supports the concept of diaschisis [fr

  16. Cerebral CT appearances of toxic encephalopathy of tetramine

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Zheng Wenlong; Wu Aiqin; Xu Chongyong; Ying Binyu; Hong Ruizhen

    2003-01-01

    Objective: To investigate the cerebral CT appearances of toxic encephalopathy of tetramine and improve the recognition on this disease. Methods: Four cases of toxic encephalopathy of tetramine were collected and their cerebral CT appearances were retrospectively analyzed. Results: Cerebral CT appearances in acute phase (within 8 days): (1) cerebral edema in different degree. CT abnormalities consisted of cortical hypodensities and complete loss of gray-white matter differentiation. The CT value were in 11-13 HU, and to be watery density in serious case, (2) subarachnoid hemorrhage. It demonstrated the signs of poisoning hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy in chronic phase. Conclusion: The cerebral CT appearances of toxic encephalopathy of tetramine had some character in acute phase and it can predict the serious degree of intoxication, but there was no characteristic findings in chronic phase

  17. El triple componente cromático de las experiencias: memoria, emoción y sistema nervioso autónomo

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Hernán Darío Delgado Rico, MD, MSc*

    2009-04-01

    Full Text Available La memoria y la emoción son temas de extenso e intenso estudio dentro de la comunidad científica mundial pues impactan directamente en la construcción del historial de las comunidades sobre el que se fundamenta la preservación de la especie, los repertorios de interacción entre individuos de una comunidad y en el caso de los humanos sirven de fundamento para la construcción de la sociedad y sus diferentes áreas de progreso. Desde hace algún tiempo surgieron dos teorías contrapuestas sobre el origen de las emociones y debido al auge histórico del momento tuvo mayor preponderancia la que daba preferencia al cerebro como el órgano que generaba las distintas experiencias que podían establecer una emoción; no obstante, experiencias recientes han demostrado que el componente periférico del sistema nervioso autónomo tiene una fuerte influencia sobre las emociones y que las intervenciones sobre dicho sistema pueden interferir de forma deletérea o no en la creación de memoria de dichos eventos, es decir en la memoria emocional. [Delgado HD. El triple componente cromático de las experiencias: memoria, emoción y sistema nervioso autónomo. MedUNAB 2009; 12:52-61].

  18. Enfoque fenomenológico de la crítica arquitectónica: el rol de la experiencia sensible.

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Dra. Arq. Sandra Navarrete

    2016-07-01

    Full Text Available El objetivo central de este trabajo fue defnir un método crítico de análisis de la arquitectura que se centre en la experiencia sensible como herramienta de estudio de los aspectos estéticos. Se propone con una validación empírica que permita su generalización. Se realizó un recorte epistemológico situándose en el paradigma posmoderno de la estética. Para la comprensión de los factores que modifcan la arquitectura regional, se tomó como objeto de análisis la experiencia espacial de las bodegas de Mendoza. Se sostiene como hipótesis principal que la interpretación crítica de la arquitectura a través de la fenomenología permite un mayor grado de sensibilidad en la concepción de espacios y por lo tanto el aprendizaje de un método de proyecto con aspectos más vinculados al hombre. A partir del análisis realizado de tres bodegas locales con estudiantes de cuarto año de la carrera de arquitectura de la Universidad Nacional de Cuyo, se observó que las vivencias espaciales tienen un alto nivel de pregnancia. Por ello, es posible afrmar que la experiencia sensorial es un aspecto relevante en la formación de una postura conceptual de interés para todas las instancias del proyecto arquitectónico

  19. Hemodynamics in the cerebral cortex and basal ganglia

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Yamaguchi, Shinya; Fukuyama, Hidenao; Yamauchi, Hiroshi; Kimura, Jun

    1991-01-01

    We examined ten healthy volunteers using positron emission tomography (PET) in order to elucidate regional changes and correlations in the cerebral circulation and oxygen metabolism. We also studied eight lacunar stroke patients so as to disclose the influences of vascular risk factors and aging on the cerebral blood flow and metabolism. We can conclude from our result as follows: (1) Cerebral blood volume (CBV) was minimum in the basal ganglia and cerebral blood flow (CBF)/CBV ratio was higher than that of cerebral cortex in healthy volunteers; (2) CBF of gray matter in healthy volunteers correlated with CBV and cerebral metabolic rate of oxygen where oxygen extraction fraction inversely correlated with CBF, CBV, and CBF/CBV; and (3) the basal ganglia CBF/CBV ratio in lacunar stroke patients was lower than that of healthy volunteers. These findings suggested that the perfusion pressure in the basal ganglia was so high in the normal condition than the angionecrosis or occlusion in the perforating arteries would be induced, especially in the aged and hypertensive patients. (author)

  20. Retinopathy in severe malaria in Ghanaian children - overlap between fundus changes in cerebral and non-cerebral malaria

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Essuman, Vera A; Ntim-Amponsah, Christine T; Astrup, Birgitte S

    2010-01-01

    diagnostic tool. This study was designed to determine the diagnostic usefulness of retinopathy on ophthalmoscopy in severe malaria syndromes: Cerebral malaria (CM) and non-cerebral severe malaria (non-CM), i.e. malaria with respiratory distress (RD) and malaria with severe anaemia (SA), in Ghanaian children...

  1. Quiebra de Fannie Mae y Freddie Mac desde la experiencia latinoamericana

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Wesley Marshall

    2008-09-01

    Full Text Available Conforme al deterioro de la posición financiera de los bancos semi públicos, Fannie Mae y Freddie Mac, durante los últimos meses, el debate sobre su viabilidad actual y su futuro en el sistema financiero estadounidense se ha intensificado. Si bien el debate ha abarcado diversas posiciones dentro de círculos financieros y académicos, en los Estados Unidos, no se han tomado en cuenta las experiencias históricas de la banca pública latinoamericana durante la crisis financiera, y que al parecer ambas compartan muchos elementos con la dinámica que está detrás del debate actual sobre Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac. En América Latina, tales momentos han ofrecido la oportunidad para transferir activos financieros del sector privado de decreciente valor a la banca pública, y también para la reducción drástica de la actividad de la banca pública, permitiendo así la expansión de actores del sector privado a costa de la banca pública. Tales experiencias son de relevancia particular al futuro de Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac, dado que los mismos grupos que gestionaron estas crisis son los mismos que actualmente están administrando la crisis financiera de los Estados Unidos. Como se argumentará, las mismas estrategias usadas en América Latina para minimizar el papel del Estado en el sector financiero actualmente están siendo empleadas en los Estados Unidos.

  2. MR angiography of cerebral aneurysms

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Miki, Hitoshi; Tanada, Shuji; Sakaki, Saburo; Hamamoto, Ken; Sadamoto, Kazuhiko.

    1992-01-01

    Time-of-flight (TOF) MR angiography (MRA) and phase-contrast (PC) MRA are examined clinically for evaluating cerebral aneurysms. In the morphological diagnosis of cerebral aneurysms, three-dimensional (3D) MRA is superior to two-dimensional (2D) MRA because 3D MRA has a higher S/N ratio and a higher spatial resolution. However, it is difficult to decide which, 3D TOF MRA or 3D PC MRA, is superior, for both methods have many scan parameters. In our study, 3D PC MRA was performed using two methods; one had the same acquisition time as 3D TOF MRA, while the other had the same spatial resolution as 3D TOF MRA. The detectability of aneurysms by each MRA method was evaluated in comparison with 3D TOF MRA. In fifteen patients (6 males and 9 females), a total of 16 cerebral aneurysms (3 ruptured and 13 unruptured) were studied. The lesion sizes ranged from 2.5 to 18 mm. All the 16 lesions were examined by means of 3D TOF MRA, 3D PC MRA, and conventional angiography. MR imaging was performed with a 1.5 tesla MRI system (Signa). All of the 16 cerebral aneurysms were detected by 3D TOF MRA, while only 11 of them were detected by 3D PC MRA. When 3D PC MRA was performed with the same acquisition time as 3D TOF MRA, 3D PC MRA was superior in showing one of the 7 aneurysms. When 3D PC MRA was performed with same spatial resolution as 3D TOF MRA, 3D PC MRA was superior in showing two of the 10 aneurysms. 3D TOF MRA was superior to 3D PC MRA in the detection of cerebral aneurysms because of the long acquisition times and the different flow velocity, which induced different signal intensities between the aneurysms and parent arteries in 3D PC MRA. 3D PC MRA was superior to 3D TOF MRA in patients with large thrombotic aneurysms of the internal carotid artery. We consider that 3D TOF MRA should be the first choice for screening and following-up cerebral aneurysms. 3D PC MRA should then be performed for large cerebral aneurysms in addition to 3D TOF MRA. (author)

  3. Manual o digital. Arquitectura, experiencia del cuerpo y código digital

    OpenAIRE

    Trachana, Angelique

    2012-01-01

    Esta aportación trata la incompatibilidad del dibujo por ordenador con la configuración del espacio vivencial trazado con la mano como extensión del cuerpo. Aportamos una experiencia docente del dibujar para proyectar en arquitectura. El código digital, como sabemos, es un lenguaje abstracto, originado en la matemática cuyos signos y operaciones no describen cualidades del sujeto. La utilización del software para proyectar implica que el arquitecto depende de un suministrador que le proporcio...

  4. Despojo, materialidad y afectos: la experiencia del desplazamiento forzado entre mujeres triquis

    OpenAIRE

    Marinis, Natalia de

    2017-01-01

    Resumen: En los últimos años, debido a la escalada de violencia en México, académicos y organismos de derechos humanos han documentado numerosos casos de desplazamiento interno forzado, lo que plantea la urgencia de reconocimiento legal y asistencia de las personas desplazadas. En este artículo sintetizo estos avances y subrayo el aporte que la perspectiva etnográfica brinda al entendimiento de la experiencia traumática del desplazamiento forzado. A partir de una investigación etnográfica con...

  5. Experimental Focal Cerebral Ischemia

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Christensen, Thomas

    2007-01-01

    Focal cerebral ischemia due to occlusion of a major cerebral artery is the cause of ischemic stroke which is a major reason of mortality, morbidity and disability in the populations of the developed countries. In the seven studies summarized in the thesis focal ischemia in rats induced by occlusion...... in the penumbra is recruited in the infarction process leading to a progressive growth of the infarct. The penumbra hence constitutes an important target for pharmacological treatment because of the existence of a therapeutic time window during which treatment with neuroprotective compounds may prevent...

  6. Is fasting necessary for elective cerebral angiography?

    Science.gov (United States)

    Kwon, O-K; Oh, C W; Park, H; Bang, J S; Bae, H-J; Han, M K; Park, S-H; Han, M H; Kang, H-S; Park, S-K; Whang, G; Kim, B-C; Jin, S-C

    2011-05-01

    In order to prevent unexpected events such as aspiration pneumonia, cerebral angiography has been performed under fasting in most cases. We investigated prospectively the necessity of fasting before elective cerebral angiography. The study is an open-labeled clinical trial without random allocation. In total, 2554 patients who underwent elective cerebral angiography were evaluated on development of nausea, vomiting, and pulmonary aspiration during and after angiography. Potential risks and benefits associated with fasting were provided in written documents and through personal counseling to patients before the procedure. The patients chose their fasting or nonfasting option. No restriction in diet was given after angiography. The patients were observed for 24 hours. Nausea and vomiting during and within 1 hour after angiography was considered as a positive event associated with cerebral angiography. The overall incidence of nausea and vomiting during and within 1 hour after angiography was 1.05% (27/2554 patients). There was no patient with pulmonary aspiration. No statistical difference in nausea and vomiting development between the fasting and the diet groups was found. The incidence of nausea and vomiting associated with cerebral angiography is low and not affected by diet or fasting. Pulmonary aspiration had no difference between the diet and the fasting group. Our study suggests that fasting may not be necessary for patients who undergo elective cerebral angiography.

  7. Arte de recreo: La experiencia plástica como medio educativo

    OpenAIRE

    Álvarez Romero, María

    2016-01-01

    Este proyecto propone defender un arte colectivo que funcione en su plenitud con la colaboración del público. Hace uso del factor procesual y relacional para acercarlo a las personas que no tienen noción del arte contemporáneo. Propone hacer partícipe al espectador de la creación plástica y otorgar más importancia a la experiencia que adquieran que a su resultado final. Tenemos la intención de reencantar el arte a través de la atracción, la estética y el juego. Buscamos influir...

  8. Experiencia del examen estatal en la carrera de estomatología

    OpenAIRE

    Chiu Navarro, Violeta; Rodríguez Méndez, Gladys; Alonso Pardo, María E.

    1997-01-01

    Se exponen los resultados alcanzados en la primera experiencia realizada con la aplicación del examen estatal en la carrera de Estomatología, en el curso académico 1995-1996, con el nuevo plan de estudios (plan C) para formar estomatólogos generales básicos. En los objetivos, propósitos y directrices de la salud pública cubana, orientados a elevar los niveles de salud de la población, se exigen una serie de decisiones y medidas entre las que se destacan por su importancia, la formación de pro...

  9. Mindfulness en la Educación: experiencias y perspectivas desde Brasil

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Alex Mourão Terzi

    2016-01-01

    Full Text Available En ese artículo se describen experiencias innovadoras con estudiantes y maestros brasileños en diferentes niveles educativos, además de nuevos proyectos en fase de implementación. Se concluye que las iniciativas y acciones aún se encuentran en sus pasos iniciales, pero con gran potencial de impacto y crecimiento. En su conjunto, pueden favorecer la visión de una educación basada en valores humanos y actitudes compasivas, preparando a nuestros jóvenes como futuros líderes en un nuevo mundo en constante evolución.

  10. Atlas de experiencias innovadoras en educación física

    OpenAIRE

    Garay Ibáñez de Elejalde, Ana Beatriz

    2012-01-01

    Duración (en horas): Más de 50 horas. Destinatario: Estudiante y Docente En la asignatura "Educación de la actividad física y deporte" de 2º curso del grado de en Ciencias de la Actividad Física y el Deporte durante el curso 2011-12 se desarrollo un proyecto titulado "Atlas de experiencias innovadoras en educación física". Los estudiantes eligieron un área temática concreta para trabajar en grupo una parte del proyecto y contribuir entre todos a la elaboración final del atlas. Las temát...

  11. Cerebral small-resistance artery structure and cerebral blood flow in normotensive subjects and hypertensive patients

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    De Ciuceis, Carolina; Porteri, Enzo; Rizzoni, Damiano; Boari, Gianluca E.M.; Rosei, Enrico Agabiti [University of Brescia, Clinica Medica, Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, Brescia (Italy); Cornali, Claudio; Mardighian, Dikran; Fontanella, Marco M. [University of Brescia, Section of Neurosurgery, Department of Medical and Surgical Specialties, Radiological Sciences and Public Health, Brescia (Italy); Pinardi, Chiara [Spedali Civili, Medical Physics Unit, Brescia (Italy); University of Brescia, Section of Neuroradiology, Department of Medical and Surgical Specialties, Radiological Sciences and Public Health, Brescia (Italy); Rodella, Luigi F.; Rezzani, Rita [University of Brescia, Section of Anatomy, Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, Brescia (Italy); Gasparotti, Roberto [University of Brescia, Section of Neurosurgery, Department of Medical and Surgical Specialties, Radiological Sciences and Public Health, Brescia (Italy); University of Brescia, Section of Neuroradiology, Department of Medical and Surgical Specialties, Radiological Sciences and Public Health, Brescia (Italy)

    2014-12-15

    The aim of this study was to prospectively investigate whether the structure of cerebral small-resistance arteries is related to cerebral perfusion parameters as measured with dynamic susceptibility-weighted contrast magnetic resonance imaging (DSC-MRI) in a selected cohort of hypertensive and normotensive patients. Ten hypertensive and 10 normotensive patients were included in the study. All patients underwent neurosurgical intervention for an intracranial tumor and were investigated with DSC-MRI at 1.5 T. Cerebral small-resistance arteries were dissected from a small portion of morphologically normal cerebral tissue and mounted on an isometric myograph for the measurement of the media-to-lumen (M/L) ratio. A quantitative assessment of cerebral blood flow (CBF) and volume (CBV) was performed with a region-of-interest approach. Correlation coefficients were calculated for normally distributed variables. The institutional review board approved the study, and informed consent was obtained from all patients. Compared with normotensive subjects, hypertensive patients had significantly lower regional CBF (mL/100 g/min) in the cortical grey matter (55.63 ± 1.90 vs 58.37 ± 2.19, p < 0.05), basal ganglia (53.34 ± 4.39 vs 58.22. ± 4.33, p < 0.05), thalami (50.65 ± 3.23 vs 57.56 ± 4.45, p < 0.01), subcortical white matter (19.32 ± 2.54 vs 22.24 ± 1.9, p < 0.05), greater M/L ratio (0.099 ± 0.013 vs 0.085 ± 0.012, p < 0.05), and lower microvessel density (1.66 ± 0.67 vs 2.52 ± 1.28, p < 0.05). A statistically significant negative correlation was observed between M/L ratio of cerebral arteries and CBF in the cortical grey matter (r = -0.516, p < 0.05), basal ganglia (r = -0.521, p < 0.05), thalami (r = -0.527 p < 0.05), and subcortical white matter (r = -0.612, p < 0.01). Our results indicate that microvascular structure might play a role in controlling CBF, with possible clinical consequences. (orig.)

  12. 11 Things to Know about Cerebral Palsy

    Science.gov (United States)

    ... Button Past Emails 11 Things to Know about Cerebral Palsy Language: English (US) Español (Spanish) Recommend on Facebook Tweet Share Compartir Cerebral palsy (CP) is the most common motor disability in ...

  13. Computer-assisted 3D reconstruction of the terminal branches of the cerebral arteries. Pt. 1. Anterior cerebral artery

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Gloger, S.; Gloger, A.; Vogt, H.; Kretschmann, H.J.

    1994-01-01

    We present a three-dimensional anatomical computer model of the terminal branches of the anterior cerebral artery, acquired from equidistant serial anatomical slices of three brains. The reconstructions provide a clear picture from all angles of the complicated course of the terminal branches of the cerebral arteries, which can help to identify them on conventional and magnetic resonance angiography. Our rendition of the cerebral arteries can also be matched with CT, MR or PET images to indicate the areas of extension of individual branches, allowing neuromorphological and functional correlation. (orig.)

  14. Computer-assisted 3D reconstruction of the terminal branches of the cerebral arteries. Pt. 1. Anterior cerebral artery

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Gloger, S. (Dept. of Neuroanatomy, Hannover Medical School (Germany)); Gloger, A. (Dept. of Neuroanatomy, Hannover Medical School (Germany)); Vogt, H. (Dept. of Neuroanatomy, Hannover Medical School (Germany)); Kretschmann, H.J. (Dept. of Neuroanatomy, Hannover Medical School (Germany))

    1994-04-01

    We present a three-dimensional anatomical computer model of the terminal branches of the anterior cerebral artery, acquired from equidistant serial anatomical slices of three brains. The reconstructions provide a clear picture from all angles of the complicated course of the terminal branches of the cerebral arteries, which can help to identify them on conventional and magnetic resonance angiography. Our rendition of the cerebral arteries can also be matched with CT, MR or PET images to indicate the areas of extension of individual branches, allowing neuromorphological and functional correlation. (orig.)

  15. Modulation of cerebral blood flow with transcutaneous electrical neurostimulation (TENS) in patients with cerebral vasospasm after subarachnoid hemorrhage

    NARCIS (Netherlands)

    ter Laan, Mark; van Dijk, J.M.C.; Stewart, Roy; Staal, Michiel J; Elting, Jan-Willem J.

    ObjectivesTranscutaneous electrical neurostimulation (TENS) and spinal cord stimulation have been shown to increase peripheral and cerebral blood flow. We postulate that certain pathological conditions attenuate cerebral autoregulation, which may result in a relative increase of the importance of

  16. Modulation of cerebral blood flow with transcutaneous electrical neurostimulation (TENS) in patients with cerebral vasospasm after subarachnoid hemorrhage

    NARCIS (Netherlands)

    Laan, M. ter; Dijk, J.M. van; Stewart, R.; Staal, M.J.; Elting, J.W.

    2014-01-01

    OBJECTIVES: Transcutaneous electrical neurostimulation (TENS) and spinal cord stimulation have been shown to increase peripheral and cerebral blood flow. We postulate that certain pathological conditions attenuate cerebral autoregulation, which may result in a relative increase of the importance of

  17. Arterial spin-labeling MR imaging of cerebral hemorrhages

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Noguchi, Tomoyuki [Department of Radiology, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo (Japan); Saga University, Department of Radiology, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Saga (Japan); Nishihara, Masashi; Egashira, Yoshiaki; Azama, Shinya; Hirai, Tetsuyoshi; Kitano, Isao; Irie, Hiroyuki [Saga University, Department of Radiology, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Saga (Japan); Yakushiji, Yusuke [Saga University, Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Saga (Japan); Kawashima, Masatou [Saga University, Department of Neurosurgery, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Saga (Japan)

    2015-11-15

    The purpose of this study is to identify the characteristics of brain perfusion measured by arterial spin-labeling magnetic resonance imaging (ASL-MRI) in cerebral hemorrhages. Brain blood flow values (CBF-ASL values) for cerebral and cerebellar hemispheres and segmented cerebral regions were measured by ASL-MRI in 19 putaminal hemorrhage patients and 20 thalamic hemorrhage patients in acute or subacute stages. We assessed the lateralities of CBF-ASL values and the relationships between CBF-ASL values and other imaging findings and clinical manifestations. Both the 19 putaminal hemorrhage patients and the 20 thalamic hemorrhage patients had significantly low CBF-ASL values of the contralateral cerebellum in subacute stage, suggesting that ASL-MRI might delineate crossed cerebellar diaschisis (CCD). Ipsilateral low CBF-ASL values were observed in frontal lobes and thalami with a putaminal hemorrhage and lentiform nuclei, temporal lobes, and parietal lobes with a thalamic hemorrhage, suggesting that ASL-MRI showed the ipsilateral cerebral diaschisis (ICD). In the putaminal hemorrhage patients, the hematoma volume negatively affected both the bilateral cerebellar and cerebral hemispheric CBF-ASL values. In the thalamic hemorrhage patients, a concomitant intraventricular hemorrhage caused low cerebral hemispheric CBF-ASL values. The use of ASL-MRI is sensitive to the perfusion abnormalities and could thus be helpful to estimate functional abnormalities in cerebral hemorrhage patients. (orig.)

  18. Arterial spin-labeling MR imaging of cerebral hemorrhages

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Noguchi, Tomoyuki; Nishihara, Masashi; Egashira, Yoshiaki; Azama, Shinya; Hirai, Tetsuyoshi; Kitano, Isao; Irie, Hiroyuki; Yakushiji, Yusuke; Kawashima, Masatou

    2015-01-01

    The purpose of this study is to identify the characteristics of brain perfusion measured by arterial spin-labeling magnetic resonance imaging (ASL-MRI) in cerebral hemorrhages. Brain blood flow values (CBF-ASL values) for cerebral and cerebellar hemispheres and segmented cerebral regions were measured by ASL-MRI in 19 putaminal hemorrhage patients and 20 thalamic hemorrhage patients in acute or subacute stages. We assessed the lateralities of CBF-ASL values and the relationships between CBF-ASL values and other imaging findings and clinical manifestations. Both the 19 putaminal hemorrhage patients and the 20 thalamic hemorrhage patients had significantly low CBF-ASL values of the contralateral cerebellum in subacute stage, suggesting that ASL-MRI might delineate crossed cerebellar diaschisis (CCD). Ipsilateral low CBF-ASL values were observed in frontal lobes and thalami with a putaminal hemorrhage and lentiform nuclei, temporal lobes, and parietal lobes with a thalamic hemorrhage, suggesting that ASL-MRI showed the ipsilateral cerebral diaschisis (ICD). In the putaminal hemorrhage patients, the hematoma volume negatively affected both the bilateral cerebellar and cerebral hemispheric CBF-ASL values. In the thalamic hemorrhage patients, a concomitant intraventricular hemorrhage caused low cerebral hemispheric CBF-ASL values. The use of ASL-MRI is sensitive to the perfusion abnormalities and could thus be helpful to estimate functional abnormalities in cerebral hemorrhage patients. (orig.)

  19. TACONES, SILICONAS, HORMONAS Y OTRAS CRÍTICAS AL SISTEMA SEXO-GÉNERO. Feminismos y experiencias de transexuales y travestis

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    ANDRÉS GARCÍA BECERRA

    2009-01-01

    Full Text Available EL PRESENTE ARTÍCULO PLANTEA ELEMENTOS DE LA TEORÍA FEMINISTA PARA PENSAR ETNOGRÁFICAmente el tema de las construcciones de cuerpos e identidades en transexuales y travestis en Bogotá. Uno de los planteamientos centrales es cómo estas experiencias trans reproducen y cuestionan el sistema cultural sexo-género. Habitualmente abordadas desde disciplinas clínicas -psiquiatría, endocrinología- que desconocen sus múltiples dimensiones sociales, propongo un acercamiento a las experiencias diversas de transexuales y travestis desde los estudios de género y la teoría queer, teniendo en cuenta los vínculos entre las intervenciones en el cuerpo, las construcciones de identidad de género y el sistema de salud en Colombia.

  20. Low cerebral blood flow in hypotensive perinatal distress

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Lou, H C; Lassen, N A; Friis-Hansen, B

    1977-01-01

    was used for the cerebral blood flow measurements. The study confirmed that perinatal distress may be associated with low arterial blood pressure, and it was shown that cerebral blood flow is very low, 20 ml/100 g/min or less, in hypotensive perinatal distress. It is concluded that cerebral ischaemia plays...... a crucial role in the development of perinatal hypoxic brain injury....

  1. Cerebral oxygenation is reduced during hyperthermic exercise in humans

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Rasmussen, Peter; Nybo, Lars; Volianitis, S.

    2010-01-01

    Abstract Aim: Cerebral mitochondrial oxygen tension (P(mito)O(2)) is elevated during moderate exercise, while it is reduced when exercise becomes strenuous, reflecting an elevated cerebral metabolic rate for oxygen (CMRO(2)) combined with hyperventilation-induced attenuation of cerebral blood flo...

  2. Sitio web: funciones cuadráticas una experiencia de desarrollo, implementación y evaluación

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Enrique Vílchez Quesada

    2006-01-01

    Full Text Available El presente trabajo expone una experiencia de desarrollo, implementación y evaluación de un sitio Web denominado Funciones Cuadráticas. La experiencia surgió de la necesidad palpable en los centros educativos de educación secundaria en Costa Rica, de contar con una herramienta informática dirigida al profesor para la enseñanza y el aprendizaje del tema de funciones. El sitio fue desarrollado utilizando el software Dreamweaver MX 2004, se implementó inicialmente mediante una prueba piloto aplicada a un grupo de estudiantes matriculados en un curso de matemática básica en la Universidad Nacional de Costa Rica. Obtuvo resultados satisfactorios y convincentes de la necesidad de implementar este tipo de estrategia para el aprendizaje. Actualmente el sitio en su última versión se encuentra en línea en la dirección electrónica www.evqmatematicascr.com.

  3. Breve reflexión sobre la experiencia y el cuerpo/Brief reflection on the experience and the body

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Raumar Giménez Rodríguez

    2007-01-01

    Full Text Available El concepto de experiencia es, en principio, vasto en demasía como para proponerse un estudio profundo en poco tiempo. Por ello, en estas breves reflexiones que constituyen una de las trazas del recorrido iniciado a propósito de la relación cuerpo-lenguaje-enseñanza, la noción de experiencia es referida en primer lugar desde el texto homónimo escrito por Walter Benjamin en 1913 y luego desde las reflexiones que despliega Agamben en su “Infancia e historia”, escrito en 1978. A partir de allí, se presentan algunas ideas en las que se exploran las posibilidades que brinda la noción de experiencia para problematizar algunos rasgos específicos de la historia del cuerpo en la modernidad, su relación con una forma específica de producción de conocimiento (la ciencia moderna y los avatares de la experiencia corporal en la formación social capitalista. Para esta reflexión, se ha supuesto que para que acontezca algo del orden de lo educativo y de la enseñanza y que ello, a su vez, sea pensado desde la cuestión del cuerpo, es preciso una experiencia. El carácter exploratorio del trabajo tal vez no permitirá más que una delimitación rigurosa del problema de estudio. Para ello, se introducen tópicos teóricos de distinta procedencia que se ponen en juego a tales efectos. The concept of experience is, in itself, too vast to propose its deep study in a short period of time. That is the reason why, in these brief reflections that constitute one of the traces of the course initiated about the relation body-language-teaching, the notion of experience is referred to, in the first place, from the homonym text written by Walter Benjamin in 1913 and then from the reflections displayed by Agamben in his" Infancy and History ", written in 1978. From that point, some ideas are presented where the possibilities given by the notion of experience, to question some specific features of the history of the body in Modernity are explored, its

  4. Experiencias docentes y su proyección en la identidad profesional: el caso de las maestras de Santa Marta y su entorno

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    María Concepción Domínguez Garrido

    2017-01-01

    Full Text Available Este artículo presenta los resultados de una investigación llevada a cabo en Santa Marta y el corregimiento de Juan y Medio-Riohacha (Colombia con un grupo de maestras afrodescendientes. El principal objetivo fue identificar las experiencias formativas que han marcado su estilo docente y las ha llevado a compartir una línea de desarrollo profesional, apoyada en el discurso narrativo y de implicación para dar respuesta a nuevos modelos de investigación y desarrollo profesional. A través de cuestionarios y entrevistas se recogieron las narrativas de 10 maestras, quienes respondieron a preguntas sobre sus experiencias formativas más significativas, teniendo en cuenta aspectos como: dónde, cuándo, por qué, para qué, con quién, qué, cómo, y sobre el impacto que ha tenido la experiencia docente en su desarrollo profesional. Se ha utilizado la metodología narrativa dado que el profesorado descubre en la identificación y análisis de las experiencias profesionales más innovadoras y relevantes que han vivido, las bases para aprender de su profesión y tomar decisiones para mejorar su identidad con ella. Los hallazgos derivados de esta investigación explicitan un camino de afianzamiento del pensamiento y actuaciones formativas, de las maestras implicadas, concretadas en: contextos escolares y familiares, finalidades para alcanzar el desarrollo profesional, desempeños en la práctica docente, escenarios de pluralidad y de encuentros de las culturas, así como en tiempos y cronología vivida.

  5. NMR imaging of cerebral infarction

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Takusagawa, Yoshihiko; Yamaoka, Naoki; Doi, Kazuaki; Okada, Keisei

    1987-01-01

    One hundred and five patients with cerebral infarction were studied by nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) CT (resistive type of magnet with strength of 0.1 tesla) and X-ray CT. Pulse sequences used saturation recovery (Tr = 600 mSec), Inversion recovery (Tr = 500 mSec, Td = 300 mSec) and spin echo (Tr = 1500 mSec, Te = 40, 80, 120, 160 mSec). Fifteen cases were examined by NMR-CT within 24 hours from onset. Proton NMR imaging could not detect cerebral ischemia as early as 2 hours after onset, but except could detect the lesions in Se image the area of cerebral infarct 3 hours after onset. After 5 hours from onset image changes in SE were evident and corresponded to the area of cerebral infarct, but image changes in IR could not fully delineate the infarcted area. NMR images of 41 year-old woman with cerebral embolism by MCA trunck occlusion associated with mitral stenosis were presented, and NMR-CT was examined 10 hours, 9th and 43th days after episode of MCA occlusion. Sixty patents (64 times) with lacunar infarction were studied by NMR-CT and X-ray CT. The inversion recovery images were used mainly for detection of lesions and comparison with X-ray CT. In 160 lesions which were detected by NMR-CT or X-ray CT, could 156 lesions be detected by NMR-CT and 78 lesions by X-ray CT. Inversion recovery images were more useful for detection of lacunes than X-ray CT. Calculated T1 and T2 values prolonged with time course from onset. (author)

  6. Evaluation of cerebral blood flow, cerebral metabolism and cerebral function by magnetic resonance imaging

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Tanaka, Chuzo; Higuchi, Toshihiro; Umeda, Masahiro; Naruse, Shoji; Horikawa, Yoshiharu; Ueda, Satoshi; Furuya, Seiichi.

    1995-01-01

    The magnetic resonance (MR) method has the unique potentiality of detecting cerebral metabolites, cerebral blood flow and brain functions in a noninvasive fashion. We have developed several MR techniques to detect these cerebral parameters with the use of clinical MRI scanners. By modifying the MR spectroscopy (MRS) technique, both 31 P- and 1 H-MRS data can be obtained from multiple, localized regions (multi-voxel method) of the brain, and the distribution of each metabolite in the brain can be readily visualized by metabolite mapping. The use of diffusion weighted images (DWI) permits visualization of the anisotropy of water diffusion in white matter, and based on the difference of diffusion coefficiency, the differential diagnosis between epidermoid tumor and arachnoid cyst can be made. By employing dynamic-MRI (Dyn-MRI) with Gd-DTPA administration, it is possible to examine the difference in blood circulation between brain tumor tissue and normal tissue, as well as among different types of brain tumors. By using magnetization transfer contrast (MTC) imaging, it has become possible to detect brain tumors, and with a small dose of Gd-DTPA, to visualize the vascular system. Functional MRI (fMRI) visualizes the activated brain by using conventional gradient echo technique on conventional MRI scanners. This method has the unique characteristic of detecting a brain function with high spatial and temporal resolution by using the intrinsic substance. Moreover, the localization of motor and sensory areas was detected by noninvasive means within few minutes. The fMRI procedure will be used in the future to analyze the higher and complex brain functions. In conclusion, multi-modality MR is a powerful technique that is useful for investigating the pathogenesis of many diseases, and provides a noninvasive analytic modality for studying brain function. (author)

  7. Secció Docent i problemes: "La enseñanza del diseño de experimentos en ingeniería: Algunas experiencias prácticas"

    OpenAIRE

    Peña, D.; Molina, C.; Cordero, M.

    1987-01-01

    Este trabajo presenta nuestras experiencias enseñando diseño de experimentos en una Escuela de Ingenieros. Un objetivo del curso ha sido proporcionar a los estudiantes experiencias en la investigación empírica mediante la realización de trabajos elegidos por ellos mismos. Se analiza el papel del diseño de experimentos en la formación estadística de científicos, y la importancia del proceso iterativo en el aprendizaje de cualquier investigación científica. Peer Reviewed

  8. La experiencia moral: una ética sin verdades absolutas

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Barroso Fernández, Óscar

    2016-08-01

    Full Text Available The aim of this paper is to reconstruct the Zubirian approach to the moral kind of knowledge. It is, therefore, necessary to examine Zubiri’s writings on moral anthropology from the 1950s, starting from the most complete one, namely Sentient intelligence. If there is the possibility of contemplating a moral knowledge, we should discover its reference system and determine how it is built upon the contents given in the primordial impression of reality, mediated by the logos and its particular form of knowledge, with all the outlines, experiences and truths. On this basis, we prove that is impossible to found morality in a universal and absolute sense. In any case, the possibility of a universal sphere should not be conceived as something a priori, but rather as a regulative ideal of moral experience, that is, something that reason always tends towards, but never reaches.En este trabajo se pretende reconstruir la propuesta zubiriana de un saber de tipo moral. Este objetivo exige mirar los textos de antropología moral escritos por Zubiri en los años cincuenta desde su obra más acabada: Inteligencia sentiente. Si efectivamente se puede hablar de un saber moral, habrá que descubrir cuál es su sistema de referencia, constituido por determinados contenidos dados en impresión primordial de realidad y mediados por el logos, y su forma de conocimiento, con sus esbozos, experiencias y verdades. A partir de aquí, el autor muestra que no es posible, desde la filosofía de Zubiri, proponer una fundamentación de la moral en sentido universal y absoluto. En todo caso, la posibilidad de un ámbito universal de moralidad no puede ser entendida como algo dado a priori, sino más bien como un ideal regulativo de la experiencia moral, algo a lo que la razón apunta pero nunca llega.

  9. Natriuretic peptides and cerebral hemodynamics

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Guo, Song; Barringer, Filippa; Zois, Nora Elisabeth

    2014-01-01

    Natriuretic peptides have emerged as important diagnostic and prognostic tools for cardiovascular disease. Plasma measurement of the bioactive peptides as well as precursor-derived fragments is a sensitive tool in assessing heart failure. In heart failure, the peptides are used as treatment...... in decompensated disease. In contrast, their biological effects on the cerebral hemodynamics are poorly understood. In this mini-review, we summarize the hemodynamic effects of the natriuretic peptides with a focus on the cerebral hemodynamics. In addition, we will discuss its potential implications in diseases...... where alteration of the cerebral hemodynamics plays a role such as migraine and acute brain injury including stroke. We conclude that a possible role of the peptides is feasible as evaluated from animal and in vitro studies, but more research is needed in humans to determine the precise response...

  10. Cerebral oximetry in preterm infants

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Greisen, Gorm; Andresen, Bjørn; Plomgaard, Anne Mette

    2016-01-01

    Preterm birth constitutes a major cause of death before 5 years of age and it is a major cause of neurodevelopmental impairment across the world. Preterm infants are most unstable during the transition between fetal and newborn life during the first days of life and most brain damage occurs...... in this period. The brain of the preterm infant is accessible for tissue oximetry by near-infrared spectroscopy. Cerebral oximetry has the potential to improve the long-term outcome by helping to tailor the support of respiration and circulation to the individual infant's needs, but the evidence is still lacking....... The goals for research include testing the benefit and harms of cerebral oximetry in large-scale randomized trials, improved definition of the hypoxic threshold, better understanding the effects of intensive care on cerebral oxygenation, as well as improved precision of oximeters and calibration among...

  11. Apuntes sobre historia empresarial: Relatos de algunas experiencias

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Elber Berdugo Cotera

    2003-10-01

    Full Text Available El presente articulo tiene como objetivo mostrar la importancia de la Historia Empresarial y la constitución de una línea de investigación para el entendimiento de la historia del país y la comprensión de las principales características de nuestros empresarios tanto en el ámbito regional como en el nacional. Se trata igualmente, de dar cuenta de los aspectos teóricos y metodológicos utilizados en la investigación sobre el estudio de caso de Servientrega y sus gestores, lo mismo que de los principales hallazgos encontrados en ella. Por último, señalar cómo ésta clase de experiencias pueden resultar enriquecedoras para aquellas personas que ejercen una función educativa empresarial o pretenden asumir como proyecto personal y familiar de vida ser empresarios.

  12. Mesas de dinero: generalidades y experiencia en Colombia

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Johnny Alvarez Jaramillo

    1989-04-01

    Full Text Available RESUMEN   Las necesidades de financiamiento de corto plazo, ha determinado el aguzamiento  de la imaginación para garantizar los recursos. Generalmente, las prácticas financieras en Colombia se extienden sin ningún control institucional; hasta que desafortunadamente, las prácticas desleales  o fraudulentas, llevan al estado a intervenir y reglamentar. Las llamadas MESAS DE DINERO, se han generalizado en nuestro medio en la medida en que proveen recursos financieros de corto plazo, difíciles de conseguir por los canales tradicionales. Los recientes escándalos del sector bursátil y anteriormente, la crisis bancaria, desaceleraron el crecimiento del mercado financiero extrainstitucional, pero no lo han acabado  del todo.El presente artículo, pretende informar brevemente sobre las experiencias de las llamadas  MESAS DE DINERO, su práctica y desarrollo.

  13. Matemática y Publicidad: Una experiencia con datos reales

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Danilo Díaz Levicoy

    2016-04-01

    Full Text Available En este artículo se presentan los resultados de una experiencia de aula, con estudiantes de secundaria, centrado en análisis del Índice de Masa Corporal (IMC de los estudiantes de un colegio chileno y la creación de afiches publicitarios a partir de esta información. Entre los resultados se destacan: la importancia de innovar en la enseñanza de la matemática; los proyectos estadísticos como elementos que favorecen el aprendizaje y el trabajo en equipo; la aplicabilidad de la matemática en la creación de publicidad; la potenciación de habilidades no matemáticas.

  14. Cerebral hemorrhagic infarction after radiation for pituitary adenoma

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Ogaki, Satoko; Suzuki, Masatsune; Shimano, Hitoshi; Toyoshima, Hideo; Sone, Hirohito; Okuda, Yukichi; Yamada, Nobuhiro

    2002-01-01

    We report a case of cerebral hemorrhagic infarction after radiation for pituitary adenoma. A 55-year-old woman was hospitalized to check for aldosteronism, post-operative pituitary function, and recurrence of thyroid cancer. She had short-term memory disturbance beginning two months prior to admission. Brain MRI showed a T1 and T2 high intensity lesion of her left anterolateral thalamus. Brain MRA revealed a narrowing in her left middle cerebral artery. The abnormal brain lesion was diagnosed as cerebral hemorrhagic infarction. She had received radiation therapy for pituitary adenoma 20 years earlier. It was considered that her cerebral hemorrhagic infarction was caused by radiation therapy. (author)

  15. AUTOAPRENDIZAJE DE ÉTICA EN HISTORIA DE LA MEDICINA. UNA EXPERIENCIA ATRACTIVA

    OpenAIRE

    José Jara Rascon

    2014-01-01

    Introducción. El concepto de Medicina basada en la persona puede ser transmitido desde los estudios de pregrado. La asignatura de Historia de la Medicina puede ser un buen lugar para ello si se involucra al alumnado confrontándole con los protagonistas y las acciones que dieron lugar a diferentes avances científicos. Material y Método. En este trabajo se muestra la experiencia metodológica de la transmisión de conocimientos de Historia de la Medicina siguiendo un modelo de enseñanza compartid...

  16. Retos para los sistemas sanitarios de Latinoamérica: ¿qué puede aprenderse de la experiencia europea?

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Figueras J

    2002-01-01

    Full Text Available Este artículo compara los retos de los sistemas sanitarios latinoamericanos y la experiencia en Europa. El marco conceptual se centra en cuatro funciones: a generar recursos; b producir intervenciones; c financiar, y d «ejercer rectoría». Es a este nivel donde los actores pueden influir sobre el desempeño del sistema. Se identifican cinco retos para Latinoamérica: a extender (prepago y solidaridad la protección financiera; b estabilizar en el tiempo dicha protección para épocas de crisis; c equilibrar los recursos coherentemente con la capacidad de financiar servicios, d aumentar la eficiencia ubicativa y técnica al producir servicios, y e mejorar la función de rectoría de las demás funciones en los sectores público y privado (el más difícil y más importante reto hoy para los sistemas latinoamericanos. Se analiza luego la experiencia de reforma en Europa, presentando: a experiencias sobre protección financiera en los sistemas tipo Beveridge y Bismarck; b estabilidad en tiempos de crisis refrendada recientemente (Oeste y con graves obstáculos (Este; c el esfuerzo por equilibrar camas hospitalarias y profesionales sanitarios combinando regulación e incentivos; d un aumento de la eficiencia en la producción de servicios priorizando más expresamente, dando voz a los pacientes, descentralizando la gestión y con incentivos de mercado, y e una mejora de la rectoría no regulando menos sino mejor (y en algunos casos, más. Tres áreas de la experiencia europea sobresalen: a combinar solidaridad con sostenibilidad financiera; b introducir mesuradamente incentivos de mercado pero manteniendo un claro papel rector del Estado, y c adoptar innovaciones en la organizacíon y producción de servicios. Pese a las dificultades metodológicas, la convergencia de los retos y las «soluciones» adoptadas justifica este análisis, pero las enseñanzas deben contemplarse desde cada contexto nacional. Un futuro artículo abordará las lecciones

  17. A case of chronic subdural hematoma associated with an unruptured cerebral aneurysm detected by cerebral computed angiotomography

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Fukui, Keiji; Sadamoto, Kazuhiko; Ohue, Shiro; Takeda, Sadanori; Kimura, Hideki; Sakaki, Saburo.

    1986-01-01

    One case of chronic subdural hematoma associated with an unruptured cerebral aneurysm detected by cerebral computed angiotomography is reported. A 44-year-old female slipped and hit her head without loss of consciousness, one month ago. Recently she complained of headaches and visited the department of Neurosurgery, Washokai Sadamoto Hospital on May 21, 1985. There were no physical and neurological signs on examination. Plain CT scans showed a crescent-shaped high density area in the left frontal region with a slight mass sign. She was diagnosed as having a possible chronic subdural hematoma and further examination was recommended. Biplane ultrafast overlapping cerebral computed angiotomograms clearly demonstrated a so-called avascular area delineated by enhanced superficial cerebral vessels with contrast medium. Furthermore, a marked high density mass measuring 8 mm x 10 mm x 6 mm in diameters was simultaneously demonstrated around the right anterior clinoid process on the same image, suggesting a cerebral aneurysm. Right carotid angiograms showed a right internal carotid-posterior communicating junction aneurysm. The irrigation of the left chronic subdural hematoma was carried out on May 24 and the neck clipping of the right IC-PC junction aneurysm was done two weeks later. During the operation, there were no findings suggesting a previous subarachnoid hemorrhage from the aneurysm, but a bleb was found on the aneurysm. The post-operative course was uneventful. (J.P.N.)

  18. Bedside Monitoring of Cerebral Energy State During Cardiac Surgery

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Mölström, Simon; Nielsen, Troels H; Andersen, Claus

    2017-01-01

    OBJECTIVES: This study investigated whether the lactate-to-pyruvate (LP) ratio obtained by microdialysis (MD) of the cerebral venous outflow reflected a derangement of global cerebral energy state during cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB). DESIGN: Interventional, prospective, randomized study. SETTING...... in either group during CPB. In each group, 50% of the patients showed significant cognitive decline (mini-mental state examination, 3 points) 2 days after surgery. CONCLUSION: The LP ratio of cerebral venous blood increased significantly during CPB, indicating compromised cerebral oxidative metabolism...

  19. PROPUESTA DIDÁCTICA PARA LAS EXPERIENCIAS DE LABORATORIO DE FISICA EN LA CARRERA DE AGRONOMÍA

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Marta A. Losada

    2013-01-01

    Full Text Available Este trabajo presenta una propuesta didáctica implementada para mejorar el desempeño académico de los alumnos. La experiencia se realizó durante el ciclo lectivo 2010 en la asignatura Física General y Biológica de la Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias (UNMdP. Los resultados mostraron que el desempeño de los estudiantes mejoró a medida que avanzó el ciclo lectivo. El trabajo en grupos estimuló a los estudiantes a trabajar en equipo. Las notas en los trabajos prácticos fueron mejores que en los parciales. Los estudiantes tuvieron mejor desempeño en las tareas de laboratorio que en el informe. Se concluye que los estudiantes lograron un aprendizaje profundo en el trabajo grupal colaborativo y cooperativo de las experiencias de laboratorio. El trabajo en grupos reducidos permitió que los estudiantes trabajaran en equipo y apreciaran el valor de la ayuda, del trabajo solidario, el aprender a respetar y consensuar opiniones diversas.

  20. Miradas Caleidoscópicas sobre el Chagas. Una experiencia educativa en el Museo de La Plata

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Mariana Sanmartino

    2012-01-01

    Full Text Available Presentamos resultados y reflexiones en torno a la experiencia "Semana del Chagas en el Museo de La Plata" (La Plata, Provincia de Buenos Aires, Argentina realizada en mayo de 2011. La propuesta tuvo como objetivo la difusión y sensibilización acerca de la problemática del Chagas desde una mirada integral. Las actividades incluyeron una muestra de obras plásticas; la proyección de materiales audiovisuales innovadores; talleres con estudiantes de escuelas primarias y secundarias de la zona; charlas abiertas a cargo de especialistas; la presentación y distribución de materiales didácticos a docentes de escuelas; así como el desarrollo de actividades destinadas al público general. La evaluación de la experiencia es altamente satisfactoria, y de la reflexión sobre lo transitado -durante la organización y en la implementación- surgen múltiples aprendizajes tanto para participantes como para organizadores, de lo cual se desprende el interés por compartir la propuesta y la posibilidad de adecuarla a otros contextos.

  1. Cerebral oxygenation in the beach chair position for shoulder surgery in regional anesthesia: impact on cerebral blood flow and neurobehavioral outcome.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Aguirre, José A; Märzendorfer, Olivia; Brada, Muriel; Saporito, Andrea; Borgeat, Alain; Bühler, Philipp

    2016-12-01

    Beach chair position is considered a potential risk factor for central neurological events particularly if combined with low blood pressure. The aim of this study was to assess the impact of regional anesthesia on cerebral blood flow and neurobehavioral outcome. This is a prospective, assessor-blinded observational study evaluating patients in the beach chair position undergoing shoulder surgery under regional anesthesia. University hospital operating room. Forty patients with American Society of Anesthesiologists classes I-II physical status scheduled for elective shoulder surgery. Cerebral saturation and blood flow of the middle cerebral artery were measured prior to anesthesia and continued after beach chair positioning until discharge to the postanesthesia care unit. The anesthesiologist was blinded for these values. Controlled hypotension with systolic blood pressure≤100mm Hg was maintained during surgery. Neurobehavioral tests and values of regional cerebral saturation, bispectral index, the mean maximal blood flow of the middle cerebral artery, and invasive blood pressure were measured prior to regional anesthesia, and measurements were repeated after placement of the patient on the beach chair position and every 20 minutes thereafter until discharge to postanesthesia care unit. The neurobehavioral tests were repeated the day after surgery. The incidence of cerebral desaturation events was 5%. All patients had a significant blood pressure drop 5 minutes after beach chair positioning, measured at the heart as well as the acoustic meatus levels, when compared with baseline values (Psurgery (Pshoulder surgery had no major impact on cerebral blood flow and cerebral oxygenation. However, some impact on neurobehavioral outcome 24 hours after surgery was observed. Copyright © 2016 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

  2. Normal cerebral FDG uptake during childhood

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    London, Kevin; Howman-Giles, Robert

    2014-01-01

    Current understanding of cerebral FDG uptake during childhood originates from a small number of studies in patients with neurological abnormalities. Our aim was to describe cerebral FDG uptake in a dataset of FDG PET scans in children more likely to represent a normal population. We reviewed cerebral FDG PET scans in children up to 16 years of age with suspected/proven extracranial malignancies and the following exclusions: central nervous system metastases, previous malignancies, previous chemotherapy or radiotherapy, development of cerebral metastases during therapy, neurological conditions, taking antiepileptic medication or medications likely to interfere with cerebral metabolism, and general anaesthesia within 24 h. White matter, basal ganglia, thalamus and the cerebellar cortex were analysed using regional SUV max , and the cerebral cortex, basal ganglia, thalamus and cerebellum were analysed using a regional relative uptake analysis in comparison to maximal cortical uptake. Scans from 30 patients (age range 11 months to 16 years, mean age 10 years 5 months) were included. All regions showed increasing SUV max with age. The parietal, occipital, lateral temporal and medial temporal lobes showed lower rates of increasing FDG uptake causing changing patterns of regional FDG uptake during childhood. The cortical regions showing the most intense uptake in early childhood were the parietal and occipital lobes. At approximately 7 years of age these regions had relatively less uptake than the frontal lobes and at approximately 10 years of age these regions had relatively less uptake than the thalamus. Relative FDG uptake in the brain has not reached an adult pattern by 1 year of age, but continues to change up to 16 years of age. The changing pattern is due to different regional rates of increasing cortical FDG uptake, which is less rapid in the parietal, occipital and temporal lobes than in the frontal lobes. (orig.)

  3. Normal cerebral FDG uptake during childhood

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    London, Kevin [The Children' s Hospital at Westmead, Department of Nuclear Medicine, Sydney, NSW (Australia); University of Sydney, Discipline of Paediatrics and Child Health, Sydney Medical School, Sydney, NSW (Australia); Howman-Giles, Robert [The Children' s Hospital at Westmead, Department of Nuclear Medicine, Sydney, NSW (Australia); University of Sydney, Disciplines of Imaging and Paediatrics and Child Health, Sydney Medical School, Sydney, NSW (Australia)

    2014-04-15

    Current understanding of cerebral FDG uptake during childhood originates from a small number of studies in patients with neurological abnormalities. Our aim was to describe cerebral FDG uptake in a dataset of FDG PET scans in children more likely to represent a normal population. We reviewed cerebral FDG PET scans in children up to 16 years of age with suspected/proven extracranial malignancies and the following exclusions: central nervous system metastases, previous malignancies, previous chemotherapy or radiotherapy, development of cerebral metastases during therapy, neurological conditions, taking antiepileptic medication or medications likely to interfere with cerebral metabolism, and general anaesthesia within 24 h. White matter, basal ganglia, thalamus and the cerebellar cortex were analysed using regional SUV{sub max}, and the cerebral cortex, basal ganglia, thalamus and cerebellum were analysed using a regional relative uptake analysis in comparison to maximal cortical uptake. Scans from 30 patients (age range 11 months to 16 years, mean age 10 years 5 months) were included. All regions showed increasing SUV{sub max} with age. The parietal, occipital, lateral temporal and medial temporal lobes showed lower rates of increasing FDG uptake causing changing patterns of regional FDG uptake during childhood. The cortical regions showing the most intense uptake in early childhood were the parietal and occipital lobes. At approximately 7 years of age these regions had relatively less uptake than the frontal lobes and at approximately 10 years of age these regions had relatively less uptake than the thalamus. Relative FDG uptake in the brain has not reached an adult pattern by 1 year of age, but continues to change up to 16 years of age. The changing pattern is due to different regional rates of increasing cortical FDG uptake, which is less rapid in the parietal, occipital and temporal lobes than in the frontal lobes. (orig.)

  4. The relation of breech presentation at term to cerebral palsy

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Krebs, L; Topp, M; Langhoff-Roos, J

    1999-01-01

    OBJECTIVE: To examine the relation between breech delivery and cerebral palsy, considering the influence of intrauterine growth, low Apgar score at birth, and mode of delivery. DESIGN: Register-based, case-control study. POPULATION: A cohort of infants with cerebral palsy born between 1979 and 1986...... in East Denmark, identified by linkage of the cerebral palsy register with the national birth register. Discharge letters from births of breech infants with cerebral palsy were reviewed. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Presentation, mode of delivery, gestational age, birthweight, Apgar score, type of cerebral...

  5. Association of Lead Levels and Cerebral Palsy

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Neha Bansal MD

    2017-03-01

    Full Text Available Background: Cerebral palsy is a common motor disability in childhood. Raised lead levels affect cognition. Children with cerebral palsy may have raised lead levels, further impairing their residual cognitive motor and behavioral abilities. Environmental exposure and abnormal eating habits may lead to increased lead levels. Aims and Objectives: To measure blood lead levels in children with cerebral palsy and compare them with healthy neurologically normal children. To correlate blood lead levels with environmental factors. Material and Methods: Design: Prospective case-control study. Setting: Tertiary care hospital. Participants: Cases comprised 34 children with cerebral palsy, and controls comprised 34 neurologically normal, age- and sex-matched children. Methods: Clinical and demographic details were recorded as per proforma. Detailed environmental history was recorded to know the source of exposure to lead. These children were investigated and treated as per protocol. Venous blood was collected in ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid vials for analysis of blood lead levels. Lead levels were estimated by Schimadzu Flame AA-6800 (atomic absorption spectrophotometer. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 17. P < .05 was taken as significant. Results: Mean blood lead levels were 9.20 ± 8.31 µg/dL in cerebral palsy cases and 2.89 ± 3.04 µg/dL in their controls (P < .001. Among children with cerebral palsy, 19 (55.88% children had blood lead levels ≥5 µg/dL. Lead levels in children with pica were 12.33 ± 10.02 µg/dL in comparison to children with no history of pica, 6.70 ± 4.60 µg/dL (P = .029. No correlation was found between hemoglobin and blood lead levels in cases and controls. Conclusion: In our study, blood lead levels are raised in children with cerebral palsy. However, further studies are required to show effects of raised levels in these children.

  6. The importance of bilateral monitoring of cerebral oxygenation (NIRS): Clinical case of asymmetry during cardiopulmonary bypass secondary to previous cerebral infarction.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Matcan, S; Sanabria Carretero, P; Gómez Rojo, M; Castro Parga, L; Reinoso-Barbero, F

    2018-03-01

    Cerebral oximetry based on near infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) technology is used to determine cerebral tissue oxygenation. We hereby present the clinical case of a 12-month old child with right hemiparesis secondary to prior left middle cerebral artery stroke 8 months ago. The child underwent surgical enlargement of the right ventricular outflow tract (RVOT) with cardiopulmonary bypass. During cardiopulmonary bypass, asymmetric NIRS results were detected between both hemispheres. The utilization of multimodal neuromonitoring (NIRS-BIS) allowed acting on both perfusion pressure and anesthetic depth to balance out the supply and demand of cerebral oxygen consumption. No new neurological sequelae were observed postoperatively. We consider bilateral NIRS monitoring necessary in order to detect asymmetries between cerebral hemispheres. Although asymmetries were not present at baseline, they can arise intraoperatively and its monitoring thus allows the detection and treatment of cerebral ischemia-hypoxia in the healthy hemisphere, which if undetected and untreated would lead to additional neurological damage. Copyright © 2017 Sociedad Española de Anestesiología, Reanimación y Terapéutica del Dolor. Publicado por Elsevier España, S.L.U. All rights reserved.

  7. Effect of NMDA Receptor Antagonist on Local Cerebral Glucose Metabolic Rate in Focal Cerebral Ischemia

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Kim, Sang Eun; Hong, Seung Bong; Yoon, Byung Woo

    1995-01-01

    There has recently been increasing interest in the use of NMDA receptor antagonists as potential neuroprotective agents for the treatment of ischemic stroke. To evaluate the neuroprotective effect of the selective non-competitive NMDA receptor antagonist MK-801 in focal cerebral ischemia, local cerebral glucose utilization (1CGU) was examined in 15 neuroanatomically discrete regions of the conscious rat brain using the 2-deoxy-D[14C]glucose quantitative autoradiographic technique 24 hr after left middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO). Animals received MK-801 (5 mg/kg i.v.) or saline vehicle before (20-30 min) or after (30 min) MCAO. Both pretreatment and posttreatment of MK-801 increased occluded/non-occluded 1CGU ratio in 7 and 5 of the 15 regions measured, respectively(most notably in cortical structures). Following MK-801 pretreatment, there was evidence of widespread increases in 1CCPU not only in the non-occluded hemisphere (12 of the 15 areas studied) but also in the occluded hemisphere (13 of the 15 areas studied), while MK-801 posttreatment did not significantly increase 1CGU both in the normal and occluded hemispheres. These data indicate that MK-801 has a neuroprotective effect in focal cerebral ischemia and demonstrate that MK-801 provides widespread alterations of glucose utilization in conscious animals.

  8. Cerebral asymmetries: complementary and independent processes.

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Gjurgjica Badzakova-Trajkov

    Full Text Available Most people are right-handed and left-cerebrally dominant for speech, leading historically to the general notion of left-hemispheric dominance, and more recently to genetic models proposing a single lateralizing gene. This hypothetical gene can account for higher incidence of right-handers in those with left cerebral dominance for speech. It remains unclear how this dominance relates to the right-cerebral dominance for some nonverbal functions such as spatial or emotional processing. Here we use functional magnetic resonance imaging with a sample of 155 subjects to measure asymmetrical activation induced by speech production in the frontal lobes, by face processing in the temporal lobes, and by spatial processing in the parietal lobes. Left-frontal, right-temporal, and right-parietal dominance were all intercorrelated, suggesting that right-cerebral biases may be at least in part complementary to the left-hemispheric dominance for language. However, handedness and parietal asymmetry for spatial processing were uncorrelated, implying independent lateralizing processes, one producing a leftward bias most closely associated with handedness, and the other a rightward bias most closely associated with spatial attention.

  9. Cerebral artery dilatation maintains cerebral oxygenation at extreme altitude and in acute hypoxia--an ultrasound and MRI study

    NARCIS (Netherlands)

    Wilson, Mark H.; Edsell, Mark E. G.; Davagnanam, Indran; Hirani, Shashivadan P.; Martin, Dan S.; Levett, Denny Z. H.; Thornton, John S.; Golay, Xavier; Strycharczuk, Lisa; Newman, Stanton P.; Montgomery, Hugh E.; Grocott, Mike P. W.; Imray, Christopher H. E.; Ahuja, V.; Aref-Adib, G.; Burnham, R.; Chisholm, A.; Clarke, K.; Coates, D.; Coates, M.; Cook, D.; Cox, M.; Dhillon, S.; Dougall, C.; Doyle, P.; Duncan, P.; Edsell, M.; Edwards, L.; Evans, L.; Gardiner, P.; Grocott, M.; Gunning, P.; Hart, N.; Harrington, J.; Harvey, J.; Holloway, C.; Howard, D.; Hurlbut, D.; Imray, C.; Ince, C.; Jonas, M.; van der Kaaij, J.; Khosravi, M.; Kolfschoten, N.; Levett, D.; Luery, H.; Luks, A.; Martin, D.; McMorrow, R.; Meale, P.

    2011-01-01

    Transcranial Doppler is a widely used noninvasive technique for assessing cerebral artery blood flow. All previous high altitude studies assessing cerebral blood flow (CBF) in the field that have used Doppler to measure arterial blood velocity have assumed vessel diameter to not alter. Here, we

  10. Somatosensory discrimination deficits following pediatric cerebral malaria.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Dugbartey, A T; Spellacy, F J; Dugbartey, M T

    1998-09-01

    Pathologic studies of central nervous system damage in human falciparum malaria indicate primary localization in the cerebral white matter. We report a sensory-perceptual investigation of 20 Ghanaian children with a recent history of cerebral malaria who were age-, gender-, and education-matched with 20 healthy control subjects. Somatosensory examinations failed to show any evidence of hemianesthesia, pseudohemianesthesia, or extinction to double simultaneous tactile stimulation. While unilateral upper limb testing revealed intact unimanual tactile roughness discrimination, bimanual tactile discrimination, however, was significantly impaired in the cerebral malaria group. A strong negative correlation (r = -0.72) between coma duration and the bimanual tactile roughness discrimination test was also found. An inefficiency in the integrity of callosal fibers appear to account for our findings, although alternative subcortical mechanisms known to be involved in information transfer across the cerebral hemispheres may be compromised as well.

  11. Cuando dejan de ser bebés. Una experiencia en la casa infantil Universitaria

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Karla Martorell Esquivel

    2007-01-01

    Full Text Available En el presente artículo se realiza un análisis reflexivo acerca de los procesos experimentados por los niños y las niñas entre los dos y los tres años, en relación con los cambios continuos y progresivos en las diferentes áreas del desarrollo, a saber socioafectiva, cognitivo-lingüístico y psicomotriz. Asimismo, se da a conocer la experiencia obtenida como docentes de la Casa Infantil Universitaria de la Universidad de Costa Rica en cuanto a las generalidades del desarrollo en esta edad. Las particularidades presentadas por la población infantil que asiste a la institución, así como las estrategias seguidas para su atención. Se hace referencia a la experiencia lograda durante el período del II Ciclo 2005 y el I Ciclo 2006, el cual constituyó una excelente oportunidad para favorecer el desarrollo integral de las personas de esas edades y el crecimiento profesional y personal de las maestras de la Casa Infantil Universitaria. Finalmente, se brindan algunas estrategias y consideraciones finales sobre cómo conducir y guiar a los niños y las niñas de esta edad en ambientes no escolarizados.

  12. Value of three-dimensional computed tomography in screening cerebral aneurysms

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Yamaguchi, Tamaki; Sugiura, Yusuke; Suzuki, Atsushi; Yamagata, Yoshitaka [Hyogo Medical Coll. (Japan)

    1997-10-01

    We performed three-dimensional computed tomography (3D-CT) in 6 patients of cerebral aneurysm. Prior cerebral angiography showed a total of 17 aneurysms. 3D-CT alone detected 10 cerebral aneurysm (59%). It was possible to identify aneurysms larger than 10 mm even when located near the circle of Willis. It was difficult to identify aneurysms when smaller than 7 mm regardless of their location. 3D-CT was of limited value in detecting cerebral aneurysms, particularly when located near the circle of Willis with complex vascular network. As cases of oculomotor palsy may be caused by lesions other than cerebral aneurysm, we advocate that 3D-CT be performed after magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in screening cases of suspected cerebral aneurysm. (author)

  13. Gammagraphy of cerebral perfusion

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Vazquez, Silvia

    2003-01-01

    Important aspects of the gammagraphy of cerebral perfusion and the diverse clinical applications in the neurological diseases are comment in this article. We focus in the usefulness of the photon emission cerebral tomography (SPECT) and its capacity to cross the hemato encephalic barrier through the use of radiopharmacons like 99 mTc-H M-PAO and 99mTc-EDC, thus managing to offer functional data on the captantes neurons of the radiopharmacon. The clinical applications of SPECT are studied; cerebrovascular disease, transient ischemic attacks, dementias, Alzheimer disease, as well as other neurological diseases are referred. (The author)

  14. The Danish Cerebral Palsy Follow-up Program

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Rasmussen, Helle Mätzke; Nordbye-Nielsen, Kirsten; Møller-Madsen, Bjarne

    2016-01-01

    AIM OF DATABASE: The Danish Cerebral Palsy Follow-up Program is a combined follow-up program and national clinical quality database that aims to monitor and improve the quality of health care for children with cerebral palsy (CP). STUDY POPULATION: The database includes children with CP aged 0...... indicators in three of five regions in Denmark comprising 432 children with CP, corresponding to a coverage of 82% of the expected population. CONCLUSION: The Danish Cerebral Palsy Follow-up Program is currently under development as a national clinical quality database in Denmark. The database holds...

  15. Veinte años de experiencia en el manejo de la mujer embarazada infectada por VIH/SIDA en el Instituto Nacional de Perinatología

    OpenAIRE

    Plazola-Camacho, Noemí Guadalupe; Ortiz-Ibarra, Federico Javier

    2009-01-01

    Introducción. Objetivos: revisar las recomendaciones internacionales e informar la experiencia que se tiene en el manejo y seguimiento de mujeres embarazadas infectadas por virus de inmunodeficiencia humana (VIH)/síndrome de inmunodeficiencia adquirida (SIDA) en el Instituto Nacional de Perinatología Isidro Espinosa de los Reyes (INPerIER). Métodos. Se presenta la experiencia clínica de 20 años (1988-2008) en el manejo de una cohorte de mujeres embarazadas infectadas por VIH atendidas en el I...

  16. Middle cerebral artery blood velocity during running

    NARCIS (Netherlands)

    Lyngeraa, T. S.; Pedersen, L. M.; Mantoni, T.; Belhage, B.; Rasmussen, L. S.; van Lieshout, J. J.; Pott, F. C.

    2013-01-01

    Running induces characteristic fluctuations in blood pressure (BP) of unknown consequence for organ blood flow. We hypothesized that running-induced BP oscillations are transferred to the cerebral vasculature. In 15 healthy volunteers, transcranial Doppler-determined middle cerebral artery (MCA)

  17. Radiologic manifestations of focal cerebral hyperemia in acute stroke

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Olsen, Tom Skyhøj; Skriver, E B; Herning, M

    1991-01-01

    In 16 acute stroke patients with focal cerebral hyperemia angiography and regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) were studied 1 to 4 days post stroke. CT was performed twice with and without contrast enhancement 3 +/- 1 days and 16 +/- 4 days post stroke. Angiographic evidence of focal cerebral hype...

  18. ENFERMEDAD, MUERTE Y MEMORIA LA EXPERIENCIA FUNERARIA COMO INSTANCIA DEL RECUERDO (UNA LECTURA DE LA ENFERMEDAD, DE ALBERTO BARRERA TYSZKA

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    José Javier Franco

    2016-01-01

    Full Text Available Experiencia y memoria dicen de una vida en común; ambas son, esencialmente, colectivas. Vivir y recordar nos comprometen con el otro, porque incluso la experiencia más íntima está mediada por su presencia; o por su ausencia, que es otra forma de estar juntos. La muerte augura no sólo el fin de la experiencia, sino también su carácter irrecuperable, irreversible. La enfermedad es el aviso, la antesala de la muerte. Enfermedad y muerte convocan el pasado, lo instan a hacerse (en el presente, aunque toda restitución sea imposible. Pero la muerte, al menos la propia, es inenarrable. No hay un discurso pos mortem que no provenga del otro, de los otros. La enfermedad y la muerte del prójimo, del otro próximo, activan la memoria y el discurso funerarios. Los vivos recuerdan al muerto y hablan en su nombre. La enfermedad, de Alberto Barrera Tyszka, ficciona ese doble proceso de recordación y pérdida: la muerte del padre signa no sólo el pasado, sino el futuro del hijo, que ve en el presente tanto la repetición traumática del pasado, como el proceso de duelo que inaugura. Estas líneas proponen una lectura de esa puesta en escena.

  19. LATERALIDAD CEREBRAL Y ENFERMEDAD MENTAL

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Roberto Serpa Florez

    1984-11-01

    Full Text Available

    La Academia Sueca de Ciencias al conceder en 1981 el Premio Nobel de Medicina a Roger Sperry, David Hubbel y Torsten Wiesel, no hizo más que reconocer, un poco tardíamente, quizás, la rigurosa, tenaz y admirable obra científica de muchos años, de tres eminentes
    investigadores de las neurociencias: Hubbel y Wiesel por su trabajos sobre la corteza visual del cerebro, y Sperry por su labor sobre el funcionamiento de los hemisferios cerebrales que ya desde hace veinte años se publicó en muy conocidas revistas científicas.

    El estudio experimental de las modificaciones producidas por la comisurotomía en la conducta
    de los pacientes, se hizo utilizando métodos ingeniosísimos de investigación. "Los resultados indican, en palabras de Sperry, Gazzaniga y Bogen: "una desunión funcional de los hemisferios derecho e izquierdo, para casi todas las actividades cognoscitivas y otras
    actividades psíquicas. Se ha encontrado que el aprendizaje y la memoria proceden independientemente de cada hemisferio separado. Cada hemisferio parece tener su propia esfera de conciencia para la sensación, la percepción, la ideación y otras actividades mentales y el dominio interno total de la experiencia gnóstica propia está dividida de las experiencias correspondientes del otro hemisferio, con pocas excepciones solamente"...

  20. Advances in the management of cerebral malaria in adults

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Mishra, Saroj K; Wiese, Lothar

    2009-01-01

    PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Cerebral malaria continues to be a substantial cause of death and disability worldwide. Although many studies deal with cerebral malaria in children, only very few pertain to adults. Presence of multiorgan failure makes the prognosis poor. Various mechanisms in the pathogenesis...... of cerebral malaria and the role of adjuvant therapy will be discussed. RECENT FINDINGS: Artemisinin-based therapies have improved antiparasitic treatment, but in-hospital mortality still remains high, as do neurological sequelae. Several recent studies have given new insights in the pathophysiology...... of cerebral malaria particularly the role of immune mechanisms in disease progression. Recent findings have identified several potential candidates for adjuvant neuroprotective treatment. Recombinant human erythropoietin has shown beneficial effect in experimental cerebral malaria and will soon enter...

  1. MRI of sickle cell cerebral infarction

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Zimmerman, R.A.; Goldberg, H.I.; Bilaniuk, L.T.; Hackney, D.B.; Johnson, M.; Grossman, R.I.; Hecht-Leavitt, C.; Gill, F.; Pennsylvania Univ., Philadelphia

    1987-01-01

    Eleven patients with sickle cell disease and neurological symptoms underwent MRI examination. Cerebral infarcts of two types were found, those in the vascular distribution of the middle cerebral artery and those in the deep white matter. In the patient whose hydration and whose oxygenation of erythrocytes has been treated, MRI offers diagnostic advantages over arteriography and CT. (orig.)

  2. Low cerebral blood flow in hypotensive perinatal distress

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Lou, H.C.; Lassen, N.A.; Friis-Hansen, B.

    1977-01-01

    Hypoxic brain injury is the most important neurological problem in the neonatal period and accounts for more neurological deficits in children than any other lesion. The neurological deficits are notably mental retardation, epilepsy and cerebral palsy. The pathogenesis has hitherto been poorly understood. Arterial hypoxia has been taken as the obvious mechanism but this does not fully explain the patho-anatomical findings. In the present investigation we have examined the arterial blood pressure and the cerebral blood flow in eight infants a few hours after birth. The 133Xe clearance technique was used for the cerebral blood flow measurements. The study confirmed that perinatal distress may be associated with low arterial blood pressure, and it was shown that cerebral blood flow is very low, 20 ml/100 g/min or less, in hypotensive perinatal distress. It is concluded that cerebral ischaemia plays a crucial role in the development of perinatal hypoxic brain injury. (author)

  3. External carotid compression: a novel technique to improve cerebral perfusion during selective antegrade cerebral perfusion for aortic arch surgery.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Grocott, Hilary P; Ambrose, Emma; Moon, Mike

    2016-10-01

    Selective antegrade cerebral perfusion (SACP) involving cannulation of either the axillary or innominate artery is a commonly used technique for maintaining cerebral blood flow (CBF) during the use of hypothermic cardiac arrest (HCA) for operations on the aortic arch. Nevertheless, asymmetrical CBF with hypoperfusion of the left cerebral hemisphere is a common occurrence during SACP. The purpose of this report is to describe an adjunctive maneuver to improve left hemispheric CBF during SACP by applying extrinsic compression to the left carotid artery. A 77-yr-old male patient with a history of aortic valve replacement presented for emergent surgical repair of an acute type A aortic dissection of a previously known ascending aortic aneurysm. His intraoperative course included cannulation of the right axillary artery, which was used as the aortic inflow during cardiopulmonary bypass and also allowed for subsequent SACP during HCA. After the onset of HCA, the innominate artery was clamped at its origin to allow for SACP. Shortly thereafter, however, the left-sided cerebral oxygen saturation (SrO2) began to decrease. Augmenting the PaO2, PaCO2 and both SACP pressure and flow failed to increase left hemispheric SrO2. Following the use of ultrasound guidance to confirm the absence of atherosclerotic disease in the carotid artery, external pressure was applied partially compressing the artery. With the carotid compression, the left cerebral saturation abruptly increased, suggesting pressurization of the left cerebral hemispheric circulation and augmentation of CBF. Direct ultrasound visualization and cautious partial compression of the left carotid artery may address asymmetrical CBF that occurs with SACP during HCA for aortic arch surgery. This strategy may lead to improved symmetry of CBF and corresponding cerebral oximetry measurements during aortic arch surgery.

  4. [Analysis of 58 neonatal cases with cerebral infarction].

    Science.gov (United States)

    Li, Zhi-hua; Chen, Chao

    2013-01-01

    Cerebral infarction (CI) is one of severe diseases of central nervous system in neonates, and some infants with CI could have poor prognosis in the long term. This study aimed to analyze the clinical data and prognosis of all neonatal cases with cerebral infarction in recent years and to help future clinical work. Totally 58 neonatal cases with CI admitted to NICU of the hospital from January 1999 to December 2010 were included in this study. We analyzed all clinical data and prognosis by retrospective analysis. Fifty-two term babies and six preterm babies were included. There were altogether 51 cases with asphyxia and 7 with hemorrhagic cerebral infarction. Perinatal hypoxia-ischemia was the most common high-risk factor and it accounted for 46.6%. Seizure was the most frequent initial symptom and the most common clinical manifestation (accounted for 77.6%), and it was followed by intermittent cyanosis, apnea and lethargy. Cerebral CT scan and magnetic resonance imaging were major methods to help to make the diagnosis and they also had close relation with prognosis. Diffusion weighted imaging was very helpful to diagnose infarction in early stage. Left middle cerebral artery was the most common artery to be involved. Supportive therapy and symptomatic treatment were the main methods in the acute stage of neonatal cerebral infarction. Those babies with poor prognosis mostly had large infarction involving cerebral hemisphere, thalamus and basal ganglia. Neonatal cerebral infarction was a severe brain injury affecting long tern nervous system prognosis. Perinatal hypoxia was the most common high-risk factor and seizure was the most frequent initial symptom. Diffusion weighted imaging was valuable to diagnose infarction in early stage. Most of infants with poor prognosis had large infarction involving hemisphere, thalamus and basal ganglia. Early diagnosis with brain imaging would be helpful for rehabilitation therapy and improving prognosis.

  5. Cerebral blood flow and oxygen metabolism after subarachnoid hemorrhage

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Ito, Hidemichi; Sakurai, Takashi; Hayashi, Tatsuo; Hashimoto, Takuo

    2004-01-01

    The mechanism of reduction of cerebral circulation in the early phase of aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) has not yet been clarified. Previous studies have variously indicated that cerebral blood flow (CBF) reduction may be due to cerebral vasospasm, an elevation in intracranial pressure (ICP), constriction of intraparenchymal arterioles, or metabolic reduction. The aim of this study is to investigate the relationship between cerebral circulation and oxygen metabolism. In 36 patients with aneurysmal SAH, the values of mean cerebral blood flow (mCBF), cerebral metabolic rate of oxygen (GMRO 2 ) and oxygen extraction fraction (OEF) were measured by using single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) with arterial blood drawing and oxygen saturation of internal jugular bulb blood (SjO 2 ) in the acute stage (1-3 days after onset) and the spasm stage (7-10 days after onset). The patients in our study were selected by using the following criteria: no history of cerebrovascular or cardiopulmonary diseases; under the age of 70; the ruptured aneurysm was treated by clipping or coil embolization within 72 hours after onset; no symptoms of cerebral vasospasm; no signs of cerebral ischemic change on CT scans. These patients were divided into 2 groups according to the World Federation of Neurological Surgeons (WFNS) grading classification; the mild group (Grades I and II) consisted of 27 cases and the severe group (Grade IV) consisted of 9 cases. We studied differences in mCBF CMRO 2 , and OEF between the mild group and severe group. In the mild group, mCBF, CMRO 2 , and OEF were significantly higher than in the severe group during both the acute and the spasm stage. Also mCBF showed a direct correlation with CMRO 2 . All the patients were kept under the following conditions: the bed was positioned so that the upper body was raised at an angle at 30 deg; blood pressure was maintained at 130-150 mmHg and PaCO 2 of arterial blood was maintained at 35-40 mmHg; ICP

  6. Multiple cerebral aneurysms of middle cerebral artery. Case report

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    D.A. Nica1, Tatiana Rosca1, A. Dinca2, M. Stroi3, Mirela Renta4, A.V. Ciurea5

    2010-11-01

    Full Text Available Multiple cerebral aneurysms present awide variation in incidence with averages of13% at angiographic studies and 22.7% atautopsy.High blood pressue, cigarette smoking,stress and possible also age and female sexseem to be risk factors for multipleintracranial aneurysms (MIAn in patientsof working age who have suffered asubarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH.Aneurysms were situated on the same sidein one-third of the patients with twoaneurysms and the most common site wasthe middle cerebral artery (MCA. Tomanage these challenging lesionsneurosurgeons must use all availableinnovations and advances, includingdiagnostic, technical and perioperativeadjuncts. The author presents a case ofmiddle age female, with two saccularaneurysms situated on the same side (rightMCA, who was operated in our clinic, 20days after first SAH episode, I grade onHunt/Hess scale. The angio MRI wasperformed before, and control DSangiography after operation. After pterionalapproach, the author used themagnification, microsurgical technics,temporal clip, and two permanent Yasargilcurved clips. A postoperative good recoveryenable the patient go to work and drive onemonth later.

  7. Pathological review of late cerebral radionecrosis

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Yoshii, Yoshihiko

    2008-01-01

    Late cerebral radionecrosis may be considered to be a specific chronic inflammatory response, although it is unknown whether the initial damage by brain irradiation is to an endothelial cell or a glial cell. I discuss the pathological specificity of late cerebral radionecrosis by studying the published literature and a case that I experienced. In late cerebral radionecrosis, there are typical coagulation necrosis areas containing fibrinoid necrosis with occlusion of the lumina and poorly active inflammatory areas with many inflammatory ghost cells, focal perivascular lymphocytes, hyalinized vessels, and telangiectatic vascularization near and in the necrotic tissue, and more active inflammatory areas formed as a partial rim of the reactive zone by perivascular lymphocytes, much vascularization, and glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP)-positive astrocytes at the corticomedullary border adjacent to necrotic tissue in the white matter. It is difficult to believe that coagulation necrosis occurs without first disordering the vascular endothelial cells because fibrinoid necrosis is a main feature and a diffusely multiple lesion in late cerebral radionecrosis. Because various histological findings do develop, progress, and extend sporadically at different areas and times in the irradiated field of the brain for a long time after radiation, uncontrolled chronic inflammation containing various cytokine secretions may also play a key role in progression of this radionecrosis. Evaluation of the mechanism of the development/aggravation of late cerebral radionecrosis requires a further study for abnormal cytokine secretions and aberrant inflammatory reactions. (author)

  8. Psychiatric and subjective symptoms and cerebral blood flow in patients with chronic cerebral infarction after treatment with Ca antagonist (nilvadipine). Quantitative measurement of cerebral blood flow by the 123IMP-SPECT ARG method

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Sakayori, Osamu; Kitamura, Shin; Mishina, Masahiro; Yamazaki, Mineo; Terashi, Akirou

    1997-01-01

    Psychiatric and subjective symptoms such as headache, dizziness, lack of spontaneity, anxiety, and a depressive state are often found in patients with chronic cerebral infarction. Some Ca antagonists are reported to relieve such symptoms. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the relationship between psychiatric and subjective symptoms and cerebral blood flow (CBF) in cerebral infarction and to evaluate the clinical effects of Ca antagonists from the standpoint of the cerebral circulation. Nilvadipine was administered to is patients with chronic cerebral infarction and their CBF was measured by the 123 IMP-SPECT ARG method before and at 8 weeks after the nilvadipine treatment. The CBF in patients with hypertension was increased by 11% after giving nilvadipine. Patients without hypertension showed no tendency for elevation of their CBF. Patients who were relieved from some psychiatric symptoms revealed a 14% increase of CBF in all cortical regions, and a significant increase was noted in the frontal and temporal regions. In other patients without changes in psychiatric symptoms, the CBF did not increase in any of the cortical regions. No relationship between symptoms and CBF was observed in any of the patients with subjective symptoms. Our study demonstrated a close correlation between psychiatric symptoms and CBF. We speculate that psychiatric symptoms in chronic cerebral infarction may reflect diffuse brain dysfunctions. We also conclude that nilvadipine is more effective in relieving psychiatric symptoms in patients with hypertensive cerebral infarction. It is inferred that nilvadipine may be more effective in relieving psychiatric symptoms in patients with hypertension. (author)

  9. Cerebral vasculopathy in children with sickle cell anemia.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Fasano, Ross M; Meier, Emily R; Hulbert, Monica L

    2015-01-01

    Sickle cell anemia (SCA)-associated cerebral vasculopathy and moyamoya is a unique entity reflecting the abnormal interactions between sickled red blood cells (RBCs) and the cerebral arterial endothelium. Endothelial injury, coagulation activation, and the inflammatory response generated by sickled RBCs are implicated in the development of cerebral vasculopathy, but the pathophysiology remains incompletely understood. SCA-specific screening and treatment guidelines have successfully reduced the incidence of overt strokes in this high-risk population. However, despite aggressive hematological management, many children with cerebral vasculopathy due to SCA have progressive vasculopathy and recurrent strokes; therefore, more effective therapies, such as revascularization surgery and curative hematopoietic stem cell transplant, are urgently needed. Copyright © 2014 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

  10. Glycopyrrolate abolishes the exercise-induced increase in cerebral perfusion in humans

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Seifert, Thomas; Fisher, James P; Young, Colin N

    2010-01-01

    Brain blood vessels contain muscarinic receptors that are important for cerebral blood flow (CBF) regulation, but whether a cholinergic receptor mechanism is involved in the exercise-induced increase in cerebral perfusion or affects cerebral metabolism remains unknown. We evaluated CBF and cerebral......(mean) during ergometer cycling (n = 8). Separate, randomized and counterbalanced trials were performed in control (no drug) conditions and following muscarinic cholinergic receptor blockade by glycopyrrolate. Glycopyrrolate increased resting heart rate from approximately 60 to approximately 110 beats min(-1...... abolished by glycopyrrolate (P important for the exercise-induced increase in cerebral perfusion without affecting the cerebral metabolic rate for oxygen....

  11. ¿Metrópolis ingobernables? Experiencias europeas ¿Metrópolis ingobernables? Experiencias europeas

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Christian Lefèvre

    2010-12-01

    Full Text Available Las áreas metropolitanas se han convertido en lugares en los que tienen lugar algunos de los mayores desafíos para el gobierno de nuestras sociedades (desigualdades sociales y territoriales, desarrollo económico, la diversidad étnica y cultural, la preservación del medio ambiente, etc.. Sin embargo, a pesar de su relevancia como espacios para el tratamiento de estos problemas, las áreas metropolitanas tienen grandes dificultades para transformarse en territorios políticos, es decir, para alcanzar un nivel de agente político suficiente (como actor colectivo para producir políticas adecuadas que aborden estos problemas y produzcan estrategias colectivas que orienten su desarrollo futuro. Para tratar este tema, este artículo se centrará en primer lugar en los principales obstáculos que les impiden alcanzar el nivel de actor político, que son comunes a la mayoría de los países europeos: la resistencia del Estado a otorgar a estos territorios las funciones y recursos adecuados en el proceso de descentralización y su preferencia por el reforzamiento de los niveles de gobierno existentes; la oposición de estos niveles de gobierno y la falta de apoyo de la sociedad civil (actores económicos y población. En un segundo apartado, este artículo presentará diferentes experiencias que han tenido lugar en la última década para superar estos obstáculos. Centrándose en la pacificación de las relaciones de poder a nivel metropolitano mediante conferencias, cartas y pactos metropolitanos y “políticas procedimentales” como la planificación estratégica, el autor considera que estas experiencias no parecen ofrecer potencialidades para la reducción del conflicto político entre actores y concluye con un tono pesimista sobre la gobernabilidad de las áreas metropolitanas.Metropolitan areas have become places where some of the major issues and stakes for the government of our societies are taking place (social and territorial

  12. Experiencias formativas de uso didáctico de la realidad aumentada con alumnado del grado de educación primaria en la Universidad de Málaga

    OpenAIRE

    Moreno Martínez, Noelia Margarita; Leiva Olivencia, Juan José

    2017-01-01

    El presente estudio describe experiencias innovadoras universitarias orientadas hacia la formación en el uso didáctico de la realidad aumentada de dos grupos de estudiantes del Grado de Educación Primaria de la Universidad de Málaga. Dichas experiencias se han desarrollado con 105 estudiantes a través de seminarios formativos de dos horas en las asignaturas de Didáctica General y Didáctica de las Ciencias Sociales durante el curso académico 2015...

  13. Cerebral Palsy: General Information. Fact Sheet Number 2 = La Paralisis Cerebral: Informacion General. Fact Sheet Number 18.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Interstate Research Associates, McLean, VA.

    This fact sheet on cerebral palsy is offered in both English and Spanish. First, it provides a definition and considers various causes (e.g., an insufficient amount of oxygen reaching the fetal or newborn brain). The fact sheet then offers incidence figures and explains characteristics of the three main types of cerebral palsy: spastic, athetoid,…

  14. Cerebral blood flow and metabolism during exercise: implications for fatigue

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Seifert, T.; Lieshout, J.J. van; Secher, Niels

    2008-01-01

    During exercise: the Kety-Schmidt-determined cerebral blood flow (CBF) does not change because the jugular vein is collapsed in the upright position. In contrast, when CBF is evaluated by (133)Xe clearance, by flow in the internal carotid artery, or by flow velocity in basal cerebral arteries......, a approximately 25% increase is detected with a parallel increase in metabolism. During activation, an increase in cerebral O(2) supply is required because there is no capillary recruitment within the brain and increased metabolism becomes dependent on an enhanced gradient for oxygen diffusion. During maximal...... whole body exercise, however, cerebral oxygenation decreases because of eventual arterial desaturation and marked hyperventilation-related hypocapnia of consequence for CBF. Reduced cerebral oxygenation affects recruitment of motor units, and supplemental O(2) enhances cerebral oxygenation and work...

  15. Prevalence of cerebral palsy in Uganda: a population-based study.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Kakooza-Mwesige, Angelina; Andrews, Carin; Peterson, Stefan; Wabwire Mangen, Fred; Eliasson, Ann Christin; Forssberg, Hans

    2017-12-01

    Few population-based studies of cerebral palsy have been done in low-income and middle-income countries. We aimed to examine cerebral palsy prevalence and subtypes, functional impairments, and presumed time of injury in children in Uganda. In this population-based study, we used a nested, three-stage, cross-sectional method (Iganga-Mayuge Health and Demographic Surveillance System [HDSS]) to screen for cerebral palsy in children aged 2-17 years in a rural eastern Uganda district. A specialist team confirmed the diagnosis and determined the subtype, motor function (according to the Gross Motor Function Classification System [GMFCS]), and possible time of brain injury for each child. Triangulation and interviews with key village informants were used to identify additional cases of suspected cerebral palsy. We estimated crude and adjusted cerebral palsy prevalence. We did χ 2 analyses to examine differences between the group screened at stage 1 and the entire population and regression analyses to investigate associations between the number of cases and age, GMFCS level, subtype, and time of injury. We used data from the March 1, 2015, to June 30, 2015, surveillance round of the Iganga-Mayuge HDSS. 31 756 children were screened for cerebral palsy, which was confirmed in 86 (19%) of 442 children who screened positive in the first screening stage. The crude cerebral palsy prevalence was 2·7 (95% CI 2·2-3·3) per 1000 children, and prevalence increased to 2·9 (2·4-3·6) per 1000 children after adjustment for attrition. The prevalence was lower in older (8-17 years) than in younger (cerebral palsy was the most common subtype (45 [46%] of 97 children) followed by bilateral cerebral palsy (39 [40%] of 97 children). 14 (27%) of 51 children aged 2-7 years had severe cerebral palsy (GMFCS levels 4-5) compared with only five (12%) of 42 children aged 8-17 years. Few children (two [2%] of 97) diagnosed with cerebral palsy were born preterm. Post-neonatal events were the

  16. Cerebral emboli and depressive symptoms in dementia.

    NARCIS (Netherlands)

    Purandare, N.; Oude Voshaar, R.C.; Hardicre, J.; Byrne, J.; McCollum, C.N.; Burns, A.

    2006-01-01

    BACKGROUND: The vascular depression hypothesis and our recent findings of increased frequency of spontaneous cerebral emboli in dementia suggest that such emboli may be involved in the causation of depressive symptoms in dementia. AIMS: To evaluate the association between spontaneous cerebral emboli

  17. Experiencias y posibilidades de articulación entre universidad-escuela-comunidad

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Teresa García Goméz

    2013-01-01

    Full Text Available Este artículo recoge las aportaciones y discusiones realiza- das en la mesa de trabajo «Experiencias de investigación e intervención social y educativa emancipadoras», en el marco del XII Congreso Internacional de Formación del Profesorado, que vincula universidad-escuela-comunidad desde los tres ámbitos de actividad de la Universidad, docencia-investigación-extensión, estableciendo articulaciones en algunos casos entre ellos para realizar dicha vinculación, cuyo objetivo es la igualdad y la justicia social, atendiendo a la responsabilidad social y política de la institución universitaria con la sociedad.

  18. Experiencia en la evaluación de impacto ambiental de carreteras

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Villarino Valdivieso, Teresa

    1993-08-01

    Full Text Available This article reviews technical and administrative problems to be dealt with in Spain in the application of the procedure of Environmental Impact Assessment based on the experience of the last five years. Special attention is paid to main road infrastructures.

    El presente artículo pasa revista a los problemas técnicos y administrativos que presenta en España la aplicación del procedimiento de Evaluación del Impacto Ambiental en base a la experiencia acumulada durante los últimos cinco años. Se presta especial atención al caso de las grandes infraestructuras viarias.

  19. Quantitative analysis of the corpus callosum in children with cerebral palsy and developmental delay: correlation with cerebral white matter volume

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Panigrahy, Ashok; Barnes, Patrick D.; Robertson, Robert L.; Sleeper, Lynn A.; Sayre, James W.

    2005-01-01

    This study was conducted to quantitatively correlate the thickness of the corpus callosum with the volume of cerebral white matter in children with cerebral palsy and developmental delay. Material and methods: A clinical database of 70 children with cerebral palsy and developmental delay was established with children between the ages of 1 and 5 years. These children also demonstrated abnormal periventricular T2 hyperintensities associated with and without ventriculomegaly. Mid-sagittal T1-weighted images were used to measure the thickness (genu, mid-body, and splenium) and length of the corpus callosum. Volumes of interest were digitized based on gray-scale densities to define the hemispheric cerebral white matter on axial T2-weighted and FLAIR images. The thickness of the mid-body of the corpus callosum was correlated with cerebral white matter volume. Subgroup analysis was also performed to examine the relationship of this correlation with both gestational age and neuromotor outcome. Statistical analysis was performed using analysis of variance and Pearson correlation coefficients. There was a positive correlation between the thickness of the mid-body of the corpus callosum and the volume of cerebral white matter across all children studied (R=0.665, P=0.0001). This correlation was not dependent on gestational age. The thickness of the mid-body of the corpus callosum was decreased in the spastic diplegia group compared to the two other groups (hypotonia and developmental delay only; P<0.0001). Within each neuromotor subgroup, there was a positive correlation between thickness of the mid-body of the corpus callosum and volume of the cerebral white matter. (orig.)

  20. Quantitative analysis of the corpus callosum in children with cerebral palsy and developmental delay: correlation with cerebral white matter volume

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Panigrahy, Ashok [Childrens Hospital Los Angeles, Department of Radiology, Los Angeles, CA (United States); Barnes, Patrick D. [Stanford University Medical Center, Department of Radiology, Lucile Salter Packard Children' s Hospital, Palo Alto, CA (United States); Robertson, Robert L. [Children' s Hospital Boston, Department of Radiology, Boston, MA (United States); Sleeper, Lynn A. [New England Research Institute, Watertown, MA (United States); Sayre, James W. [UCLA Medical Center, Departments of Radiology and Biostatistics, Los Angeles, CA (United States)

    2005-12-01

    This study was conducted to quantitatively correlate the thickness of the corpus callosum with the volume of cerebral white matter in children with cerebral palsy and developmental delay. Material and methods: A clinical database of 70 children with cerebral palsy and developmental delay was established with children between the ages of 1 and 5 years. These children also demonstrated abnormal periventricular T2 hyperintensities associated with and without ventriculomegaly. Mid-sagittal T1-weighted images were used to measure the thickness (genu, mid-body, and splenium) and length of the corpus callosum. Volumes of interest were digitized based on gray-scale densities to define the hemispheric cerebral white matter on axial T2-weighted and FLAIR images. The thickness of the mid-body of the corpus callosum was correlated with cerebral white matter volume. Subgroup analysis was also performed to examine the relationship of this correlation with both gestational age and neuromotor outcome. Statistical analysis was performed using analysis of variance and Pearson correlation coefficients. There was a positive correlation between the thickness of the mid-body of the corpus callosum and the volume of cerebral white matter across all children studied (R=0.665, P=0.0001). This correlation was not dependent on gestational age. The thickness of the mid-body of the corpus callosum was decreased in the spastic diplegia group compared to the two other groups (hypotonia and developmental delay only; P<0.0001). Within each neuromotor subgroup, there was a positive correlation between thickness of the mid-body of the corpus callosum and volume of the cerebral white matter. (orig.)

  1. Factores de éxito de las alianzas para el desarrollo local. Experiencias comparadas de España y Perú

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Elsa Del Castillo Mory

    2009-06-01

    Full Text Available Las alianzas se forman con el objetivo de superar las limitaciones que los socios enfrentan para lograr ciertas metas. Cuando la meta en cuestión es promover el desarrollo local, se requiere del concurso de una serie de agentes sociales: empresa privada, gobierno local, asociaciones civiles, grupos comunitarios, entre otros. Este artículo busca, mediante el análisis comparativo de tres experiencias de desarrollo local o comarcal1 lideradas por el distrito de Villa El Salvador (Lima-Perú, la empresa minera Yanacocha (CajamarcaPerú y la Agencia Española de Desarrollo Iraugi Lantzen (País Vasco-España, identificar los factores determinantes del éxito de los acuerdos de cooperación para el desarrollo local. Creemos que un mejor conocimiento de los factores asociados con el éxito de las alianzas podría ayudar a quienes se plantean el reto de buscar posibles socios, así como a aquellos preocupados por una administración efectiva de las alianzas en marcha. El caso de Villa El Salvador evidencia cómo el apoyo gubernamental fue fundamental para la formación del distrito, aunque los logros de esta agrupación no podrían explicarse sin la participación activa de la comunidad. Por otro lado, la experiencia de la empresa Yanacocha recuerda al lector que todavía existe un camino muy grande por recorrer en el Perú en lo que se refiere a la articulación de los esfuerzos de la empresa privada con otros agentes sociales, y que es necesario aprender de las experiencias de quienes han recorrido parte de este camino. Un caso con matices diferentes es el que se ilustra con la experiencia de la agencia española Iraugi Lantzen, que destaca los retos y las oportunidades que surgen a partir de un trabajo concertado entre entidades municipales que buscan el desarrollo local. En suma, se puede afirmar que, si bien existen condiciones de contexto y coyunturales que favorecen la conformación de alianzas de cooperación para el desarrollo, hay otros

  2. MR imaging of cerebral palsy

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Saginoya, Toshiyuki; Yamaguchi, Keiichiro; Kuniyoshi, Kazuhide

    1996-01-01

    We evaluated 35 patients with cerebral palsy on the basis of MR imaging findings in the brain. The types of palsy were spastic quadriplegia (n=11), spastic diplegia (n=9), spastic hemiplegia (n=2), double hemiplegia (n=1), athetosis (n=10) and mixed (n=2). Of all patients, 28 (80%) generated abnormal findings. In spastic quadriplegia, although eight cases revealed severe brain damage, two cases showed no abnormal findings in the brain. One of the three had cervical cord compression caused by atlanto-axial subluxation. In spastic diplegia, the findings were divided according to whether the patient was born at term or preterm. If the patient had been born prematurely, the findings showed periventricular leukomalacia and abnormally high intensity in the posterior limbs of the internal capsule on T2-weighted images. MR imaging in spastic hemiplegia revealed cerebral infarction. In the athetoid type, half of all cases showed either no abnormal findings or slight widening of the lateral ventricle. Three cases showed abnormal signals of the basal ganglia. The reason why athetoid-type palsy did not show severe abnormality is unknown. We believe that MR imaging is a useful diagnostic modality to detect damage in the brain in cerebral palsy and plays an important role in the differentiation of cerebral palsy from the spastic palsy disease. (author)

  3. MR imaging of cerebral palsy

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Saginoya, Toshiyuki [Urasoe General Hospital, Okinawa (Japan); Yamaguchi, Keiichiro; Kuniyoshi, Kazuhide [and others

    1996-06-01

    We evaluated 35 patients with cerebral palsy on the basis of MR imaging findings in the brain. The types of palsy were spastic quadriplegia (n=11), spastic diplegia (n=9), spastic hemiplegia (n=2), double hemiplegia (n=1), athetosis (n=10) and mixed (n=2). Of all patients, 28 (80%) generated abnormal findings. In spastic quadriplegia, although eight cases revealed severe brain damage, two cases showed no abnormal findings in the brain. One of the three had cervical cord compression caused by atlanto-axial subluxation. In spastic diplegia, the findings were divided according to whether the patient was born at term or preterm. If the patient had been born prematurely, the findings showed periventricular leukomalacia and abnormally high intensity in the posterior limbs of the internal capsule on T2-weighted images. MR imaging in spastic hemiplegia revealed cerebral infarction. In the athetoid type, half of all cases showed either no abnormal findings or slight widening of the lateral ventricle. Three cases showed abnormal signals of the basal ganglia. The reason why athetoid-type palsy did not show severe abnormality is unknown. We believe that MR imaging is a useful diagnostic modality to detect damage in the brain in cerebral palsy and plays an important role in the differentiation of cerebral palsy from the spastic palsy disease. (author)

  4. METODOLOGÍA DIALÓGICA E INTERDISCIPLINA EN LA EXTENSIÓN UNIVERSITARIA. REFLEXIONES ACERCA DE UNA EXPERIENCIA.

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Paula Viviana Soza Rossi

    2013-07-01

    Full Text Available El trabajo es el resultado de nuestras reflexiones sobre la metodología dialógica y la conformación de equipos interdisciplinarios en procesos de investigación-acción. Las mismas surgieron a partir de una experiencia de extensión universitaria desarrollada en la Universidad Nacional de La Plata - Argentina en conjunto con la Comisión Provincial por la Memoria (CPM y la Asociación de Trabajadores del Estado- Provincia de Buenos Aires (ATE. El proyecto buscaba un acceso, apropiación y resignificación colectiva de los  documentos pertenecientes al Archivo de la ex – Dirección de Inteligencia de la Policía de la Provincia de Buenos Aires (DIPBA, en guarda de la CPM. Es decir, un encuentro entre esos documentos que contenían parte de la historia argentina de persecución, represión pero también prácticas de resistencias,  y sus protagonistas. El trabajo busca identificar los nudos problemáticos y las potencialidades de la experiencia, así como reconstruir la apuesta metodológica que se constituyó a partir de la disposición al diálogo y de la conformación de un NOS-OTROS. En este proceso se  analiza la presencia de una perspectiva dialógica en la conceptualización de la noción de extensión; en la opción metodológica por la investigación acción-participativa y sus tensiones presentes en el campo; en la forma de pensar y actuar interdisciplinariamente construyendo un otro extensionista; y en la decisión  a partir de las necesidades situadas planteadas por los/as trabajadores de incorporar específicamente el diálogo intergeneracional e intergénero. Una posición que nos permitió un diálogo entre sujetos participantes de la experiencia de extensión y la elaboración colectiva de los denominados procesos de “re” (Vasilachis, 2007. Redefinición de la identidad, redefinición discursiva ante la mirada de los otros (la DIPBA y una redefinición de la memoria colectiva de los/as trabajadores/as del sindicato a

  5. Microsurgery Simulator of Cerebral Aneurysm Clipping with Interactive Cerebral Deformation Featuring a Virtual Arachnoid.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Shono, Naoyuki; Kin, Taichi; Nomura, Seiji; Miyawaki, Satoru; Saito, Toki; Imai, Hideaki; Nakatomi, Hirofumi; Oyama, Hiroshi; Saito, Nobuhito

    2018-05-01

    A virtual reality simulator for aneurysmal clipping surgery is an attractive research target for neurosurgeons. Brain deformation is one of the most important functionalities necessary for an accurate clipping simulator and is vastly affected by the status of the supporting tissue, such as the arachnoid membrane. However, no virtual reality simulator implementing the supporting tissue of the brain has yet been developed. To develop a virtual reality clipping simulator possessing interactive brain deforming capability closely dependent on arachnoid dissection and apply it to clinical cases. Three-dimensional computer graphics models of cerebral tissue and surrounding structures were extracted from medical images. We developed a new method for modifiable cerebral tissue complex deformation by incorporating a nonmedical image-derived virtual arachnoid/trabecula in a process called multitissue integrated interactive deformation (MTIID). MTIID made it possible for cerebral tissue complexes to selectively deform at the site of dissection. Simulations for 8 cases of actual clipping surgery were performed before surgery and evaluated for their usefulness in surgical approach planning. Preoperatively, each operative field was precisely reproduced and visualized with the virtual brain retraction defined by users. The clear visualization of the optimal approach to treating the aneurysm via an appropriate arachnoid incision was possible with MTIID. A virtual clipping simulator mainly focusing on supporting tissues and less on physical properties seemed to be useful in the surgical simulation of cerebral aneurysm clipping. To our knowledge, this article is the first to report brain deformation based on supporting tissues.

  6. Toll-like receptors in cerebral ischemic inflammatory injury

    OpenAIRE

    Wang, Yan-Chun; Lin, Sen; Yang, Qing-Wu

    2011-01-01

    Abstract Cerebral ischemia triggers acute inflammation, which has been associated with an increase in brain damage. The mechanisms that regulate the inflammatory response after cerebral ischemia are multifaceted. An important component of this response is the activation of the innate immune system. However, details of the role of the innate immune system within the complex array of mechanisms in cerebral ischemia remain unclear. There have been recent great strides in our understanding of the...

  7. Polyuria and cerebral vasospasm after aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage

    OpenAIRE

    Brown, Robert J.; Epling, Brian P.; Staff, Ilene; Fortunato, Gilbert; Grady, James J.; McCullough, Louise D.

    2015-01-01

    Background Natriuresis with polyuria is common after aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (aSAH). Previous studies have shown an increased risk of symptomatic cerebral vasospasm or delayed cerebral ischemia (DCI) in patients with hyponatremia and/or the cerebral salt wasting syndrome (CSW). However, natriuresis may occur in the absence of hyponatremia or hypovolemia and it is not known whether the increase in DCI in patients with CSW is secondary to a concomitant hypovolemia or because the phys...

  8. USO DE UN PORTAFOLIO VIRTUAL PARA INCORPORAR LA DIMENSION AMBIENTAL: UNA EXPERIENCIA DE INVESTIGACIÓN-ACCIÓN EN EL AULA

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Claudia Zúñiga Vega

    2011-01-01

    Full Text Available Este artículo registra una experiencia docente, poniendo en práctica el Portafolio Virtual para incorporar el eje ambiental, en el curso Fundamentos de Ecología y Problemática Ambiental, de las carreras de Seguridad Laboral e Higiene Ambiental y de Gestión del Turismo Sostenible del Instituto Tecnológico de Costa Rica. Se presenta una conceptualización de la investigación-acción para contextualizar la aplicación en dicha experiencia, la técnica didáctica implementada y los hallazgos registrados, en particular cómo se evidencia la incorporación de la Dimensión Ambiental en el currículo universitario, en las situaciones de aprendizaje facilitadas y realizadas por la población estudiantil.

  9. Crossed aphasia following cerebral infarction in a right-handed patient with atypical cerebral language dominance.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Tan, Xiaoping; Guo, Yang; Dun, Saihong; Sun, Hongzan

    2018-05-18

    Crossed aphasia (CA), usually referred to as an acquired language disturbance, is caused by a lesion in the cerebral hemisphere ipsilateral to the dominant hand, and the exact mechanism is not clear. The development of handedness is influenced by education and training and the impact of habitualization, while language is more susceptible to the impact of speech habits, and it is not absolutely accurate to judge cerebral language dominance by the degree of hand preference. We describe a case of CA after right hemispheric stroke in a right-handed patient with atypical language dominance and attempt to analyze the mechanism of CA based on functional imaging methods, including arterial spin labeling (ASL) and positron emission tomography/magnetic resonance imaging (PET-MRI). Brain MRI at 24 h after admission showed a large cerebral infarction in the right cerebral hemisphere, including the posteroinferior part of Broca's area in the right frontal lobe, the right temporal lobe, and the right occipital lobe. The patient exhibited a non-fluent aphasia on a standard language test (the Aphasia Battery of Chinese [ABC]) performed on the 7th day after onset. Thus, atypical language dominance was suspected. One week after admission, ASL imaging showed high perfusion in the infarct core zone and low perfusion in the left cerebellar hemisphere. Two months later, PET/MRI demonstrated low metabolism in the posterior frontal lobe, temporal lobe, temporal occipital junction area, and the right basal ganglia. The findings suggest that the patient has right-sided cerebral language dominance, or that both hemispheres have linguistic functions. Not all patients show linguistic capabilities on the side opposite hand preference. The language dominance should be predicted by a combination of clinical manifestations and functional imaging techniques.

  10. Computerized tomographic evaluation of cerebral cysticercosis

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Kim, Bo Young; Lee, Mi Sook; Jeon, Doo Sung; Kim, Hong Soo; Rhee, Hak Song [Precbyterian Medical Center, Chonju (Korea, Republic of)

    1988-08-15

    Cerebral cysticercosis, unfortunately frequent in Korea, is a parastic disease in which man serve as the intermediate host of taenia solium. The larvae have a predilection for the central nervous system and can cause a variety of neurologic symptoms. The authors reviewed 19 cases of surgically proven cerebral cysticercosis and following results were obtained. 1. The most frequent age distribution was 5th and 6th decade and male to female ratio was 14:5. 2. The most frevalent involving site was cerebral parenchyme and following by ventricles. 3. Clinical manifestations were symtom and sign of increased ICP, seizure and focal neurological dificit. 4. It was assumed that computerized tomography was the procedure of choice for the diagnosis of these parasitic brain disease.

  11. Training model for cerebral aneurysm clipping

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Hiroshi Tenjin, M.D., Ph.D.

    2017-12-01

    Full Text Available Clipping of cerebral aneurysms is still an important skill in neurosurgery. We have made a training model for the clipping of cerebral aneurysms. The concepts for the model were 1: training model for beginners, 2: three dimensional manipulation using an operating microscope, 3: the aneurysm model is to be perfused by simulated blood causing premature rupture. The correct relationship between each tissue, and softness of the brain and vessels were characteristics of the model. The skull, brain, arteries, and veins were made using a 3D printer with data from DICOM. The brain and vessels were made from polyvinyl alcohol (PVA. One training course was held and this model was useful for training of cerebral aneurysm surgery for young neurosurgeons.

  12. Racial, Ethnic, and Socioeconomic Disparities in the Prevalence of Cerebral Palsy

    Science.gov (United States)

    Xing, Guibo; Fuentes-Afflick, Elena; Danielson, Beate; Smith, Lloyd H.; Gilbert, William M.

    2011-01-01

    OBJECTIVE: Racial and ethnic disparities in cerebral palsy have been documented, but the underlying mechanism is poorly understood. We determined whether low birth weight accounts for ethnic disparities in the prevalence of cerebral palsy and whether socioeconomic factors impact cerebral palsy within racial and ethnic groups. METHODS: In a retrospective cohort of 6.2 million births in California between 1991 and 2001, we compared maternal and infant characteristics among 8397 infants with cerebral palsy who qualified for services from the California Department of Health Services and unaffected infants. RESULTS: Overall, black infants were 29% more likely to have cerebral palsy than white infants (relative risk: 1.29 [95% confidence interval: 1.19–1.39]). However, black infants who were very low or moderately low birth weight were 21% to 29% less likely to have cerebral palsy than white infants of comparable birth weight. After we adjusted for birth weight, there was no difference in the risk of cerebral palsy between black and white infants. In multivariate analyses, women of all ethnicities who did not receive any prenatal care were twice as likely to have infants with cerebral palsy relative to women with an early onset of prenatal care. Maternal education was associated with cerebral palsy in a dose-response fashion among white and Hispanic women. Hispanic adolescent mothers (aged cerebral palsy. CONCLUSIONS: The increased risk of cerebral palsy among black infants is primarily related to their higher risk of low birth weight. Understanding how educational attainment and use of prenatal care impact the risk of cerebral palsy may inform new prevention strategies. PMID:21339278

  13. Afectividad inducida e impacto en la creatividad, crecimiento personal después del cambio y ajuste percibido al narrar una experiencia emocional intensa

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Silvia da Costa

    2015-05-01

    Full Text Available Se examinan en un estudio experimental los efectos de la inducción de afectividad positiva en la creatividad y la importancia de las emociones como variables mediadoras. Se indujo alta y baja afectividad positiva pidiendo a las personas participantes que redactaran tres poemas haikus sobre dos estímulos de connotación positiva, alta (N = 28 y baja (N = 28. Las personas escribieron sobre su experiencia de enamoramiento más intenso y contestaron una escala sobre las emociones sentidas al redactar el texto, una medida de crecimiento personal y una tercera referida a la obtención de metas adaptativas después del episodio. En la condición de alta afectividad positiva se informó de más emociones positivas y menos negativas al narrar la experiencia, un mayor crecimiento personal y un mayor ajuste. Jueces independientes evaluaron como más originales el último poema y la narración de la experiencia en la condición de alta afectividad positiva. Un análisis mediacional mostró que las emociones positivas explicaban la influencia de la manipulación sobre el crecimiento personal y el ajuste percibido.

  14. Cerebral candidiasis. Computed tomography appearance

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Chaabane, M.; Ladeb, M.F.; Bouhaouala, M.H.; Ben Hammouda, M.; Ataalah, R.; Gannouni, A.; Krifa, H.

    1989-01-01

    A three year old child who had been suffering from oral candidiasis since the age of 1 year presented with osteitis of the clavicle, 2 cerebral frontal abscesses and an occipital abscess which extended across the calvaria and was associated with osteolysis. Histological and microbiological studies following surgery confirmed the diagnosis of candidiasis in this girl who was found to have IgA immunodefinciency. The authors report the computed tomographic appearance of the cerebral lesions and review the literature. (orig.)

  15. Cerebral candidiasis. Computed tomography appearance

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Chaabane, M.; Ladeb, M.F.; Bouhaouala, M.H.; Ben Hammouda, M.; Ataalah, R.; Gannouni, A.; Krifa, H.

    1989-07-01

    A three year old child who had been suffering from oral candidiasis since the age of 1 year presented with osteitis of the clavicle, 2 cerebral frontal abscesses and an occipital abscess which extended across the calvaria and was associated with osteolysis. Histological and microbiological studies following surgery confirmed the diagnosis of candidiasis in this girl who was found to have IgA immunodefinciency. The authors report the computed tomographic appearance of the cerebral lesions and review the literature. (orig.).

  16. Animal models of cerebral arterial gas embolism

    NARCIS (Netherlands)

    Weenink, Robert P.; Hollmann, Markus W.; van Hulst, Robert A.

    2012-01-01

    Cerebral arterial gas embolism is a dreaded complication of diving and invasive medical procedures. Many different animal models have been used in research on cerebral arterial gas embolism. This review provides an overview of the most important characteristics of these animal models. The properties

  17. Study on plasma homocysteine (HCY) levels in patients with cerebral infarction and cerebral hemorrhage

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Zhou Guozhong

    2005-01-01

    Objective: To investigate the relationship between the plasma levels of HCY, folate and vitamin B 12 and the development of cerebrovascular accidents (infarction and hemorrhage). Methods: Plasma HCY concentrations (with fluorescence polarization immunoassay FPIA) and folate, VitB 12 contents (with immunofluorescence technique) were measured in 150 patients with cerebral infarction, 171 patients with cerebral hemorrhage (all patients confirmed with CT/MRI) and 96 controls. Results: Plasma HCY concentrations were significantly higher (P 12 contents were significantly lower (P 12 concentrations were critically involved in the development and pathogenesis of cerebrovascular accidents. (authors)

  18. Cerebral oxygenation decreases during exercise in humans with beta-adrenergic blockade

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Seifert, T.; Rasmussen, P.; Secher, Niels H.

    2009-01-01

    AIM: Beta-blockers reduce exercise capacity by attenuated increase in cardiac output, but it remains unknown whether performance also relates to attenuated cerebral oxygenation. METHODS: Acting as their own controls, eight healthy subjects performed a continuous incremental cycle test to exhaustion...... attenuated the increase in cardiac output of consequence for cerebral perfusion and oxygenation. We suggest that a decrease in cerebral oxygenation limits exercise capacity Udgivelsesdato: 2009/7...... with or without administration of the non-selective beta-blocker propranolol. Changes in cerebral blood flow velocity were measured with transcranial Doppler ultrasound and those in cerebral oxygenation were evaluated using near-infrared spectroscopy and the calculated cerebral mitochondrial oxygen tension...

  19. Mechanisms of Acupuncture Therapy for Cerebral Ischemia: an Evidence-Based Review of Clinical and Animal Studies on Cerebral Ischemia.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Zhu, Wen; Ye, Yang; Liu, Yi; Wang, Xue-Rui; Shi, Guang-Xia; Zhang, Shuai; Liu, Cun-Zhi

    2017-12-01

    Ischemic stroke is a major cause of mortality and disability worldwide. As a part of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM), acupuncture has been shown to be effective in promoting recovery after stroke. In this article, we review the clinical and experimental studies that demonstrated the mechanisms of acupuncture treatment for cerebral ischemia. Clinical studies indicated that acupuncture activated relevant brain regions, modulated cerebral blood flow and related molecules in stroke patients. Evidence from laboratory indicated that acupuncture regulates cerebral blood flow and metabolism after the interrupt of blood supply. Acupuncture regulates multiple molecules and signaling pathways that lead to excitoxicity, oxidative stress, inflammation, neurons death and survival. Acupuncture also promotes neurogenesis, angiogenesis as well as neuroplasticity after ischemic damage. The evidence provided from clinical and laboratory suggests that acupuncture induces multi-level regulation via complex mechanisms and a single factor may not be enough to explain the beneficial effects against cerebral ischemia.

  20. Aportaciones a la formación del profesorado a través del análisis de una experiencia de arte y juego dramático en el primer ciclo de educación infantil

    OpenAIRE

    Tresserras Angulo, Alaitz

    2017-01-01

    405 p. Esta investigación es un estudio de caso en el que a partir de la vivencia y reflexión de las personas participantes se genera conocimiento en torno a la experiencia denominada Kubik. Dicha experiencia se basa en la obra teatral de la compañía Teatro Paraíso para la primera infancia que recibe el mismo nombre y se engloba dentro del programa educativo-teatral Haur Antzerkia gestado junto a las Escuelas Infantiles Municipales de Vitoria-Gasteiz. La experiencia sirve de ejemplo de un ...

  1. Cerebral circulation and metabolism with recovery of chronic poststroke aphasia

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Yamada, Tomoyuki; Kabasawa, Hidehiro; Matsubara, Michitaka; Hibino, Hiroaki; Kamimoto, Kaoru; Fukagawa, Kazutoshi

    2004-01-01

    The recruitment of cerebral circulation and oxygen metabolism in the particular brain areas responsible for poststroke aphasia are necessary for recovery. This study was undertaken to investigate changes in cerebral circulation and oxygen metabolism corresponding to improvement of aphasia. Twenty-nine right-handed chronic aphasic patients with left hemispheric stroke were studied. Aphasia was evaluated as the score of fluency, comprehension, repetition and naming by the Western Aphasia Battery (Japanese version). Concurrent with the evaluation of aphasia, positron emission tomography (PET) scans were performed. After several months of speech therapy, PET scans and evaluation of aphasia were reperformed. Both regional cerebral blood flow and the cerebral metabolic rate for oxygen significantly increased in the left upper superior and middle temporal gyri, and in the left upper inferior frontal gyrus in the fair recovery group for comprehension, repetition and naming. In the fair recovery group for fluency, the cerebral metabolic rate for oxygen significantly increased in the left upper superior and middle temporal gyri, but regional cerebral blood flow increased insignificantly in these areas. In the lower white matter of the right parietal lobe, both the regional cerebral blood flow and the cerebral metabolic rate for oxygen were significantly increased in the fair recovery group for all aphasic features. The recruitment of cerebral circulation and oxygen metabolism in the left temporo-parietal area, in the left inferior frontal area, and in the right deep parietal area are essentially responsible for the recovery of aphasia. (author)

  2. Cerebral Vascular Injury in Traumatic Brain Injury.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Kenney, Kimbra; Amyot, Franck; Haber, Margalit; Pronger, Angela; Bogoslovsky, Tanya; Moore, Carol; Diaz-Arrastia, Ramon

    2016-01-01

    Traumatic cerebral vascular injury (TCVI) is a very frequent, if not universal, feature after traumatic brain injury (TBI). It is likely responsible, at least in part, for functional deficits and TBI-related chronic disability. Because there are multiple pharmacologic and non-pharmacologic therapies that promote vascular health, TCVI is an attractive target for therapeutic intervention after TBI. The cerebral microvasculature is a component of the neurovascular unit (NVU) coupling neuronal metabolism with local cerebral blood flow. The NVU participates in the pathogenesis of TBI, either directly from physical trauma or as part of the cascade of secondary injury that occurs after TBI. Pathologically, there is extensive cerebral microvascular injury in humans and experimental animal, identified with either conventional light microscopy or ultrastructural examination. It is seen in acute and chronic TBI, and even described in chronic traumatic encephalopathy (CTE). Non-invasive, physiologic measures of cerebral microvascular function show dysfunction after TBI in humans and experimental animal models of TBI. These include imaging sequences (MRI-ASL), Transcranial Doppler (TCD), and Near InfraRed Spectroscopy (NIRS). Understanding the pathophysiology of TCVI, a relatively under-studied component of TBI, has promise for the development of novel therapies for TBI. Published by Elsevier Inc.

  3. Acute posterior multifocal placoid pigment epitheliopathy associated with cerebral vasculitis.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Weinstein, J M; Bresnick, G H; Bell, C L; Roschmann, R A; Brooks, B R; Strother, C M

    1988-09-01

    Acute multifocal posterior placoid pigment epitheliopathy (APMPPE) is an unusual self-limited retinal disorder that has been associated with various systemic complications. To our knowledge, three prior cases associated with cerebral vasculitis have been described. This article describes a patient with APMPPE and angiographically documented cerebral vasculitis who was notable because of (a) the presence of two different cerebral ischemic events, occurring 1 month apart, and (b) the long latency (3 months) between the onset of ocular symptoms and the second cerebral ischemic event. Recognition of the association between APMPPE and cerebral vasculitis may permit early treatment of CNS involvement and prevention of morbidity.

  4. Cerebral Palsy: Still A Social Problem

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Angom Bisharda

    1997-08-01

    Full Text Available Research Problem: What arc the social aspects of cerebral palsy?Objective: To determine the extent and severity of neuromuscular involvement in cases of cerebral palsy and to find out the associated defects among these children.Study Design: Cross sectional study.Setting: Tertiary care hospital, outdoor patients.Participants: Children in the age group of 0 - 12 years.Sample Size: 120 children suffering from cerebral palsy.Study Variables: Social factors, neuromuscular involvement.Statistical Analysis: By proportionsResult: Out of 120 cases, maximum number of cases (66.6% were in the age group of 1- 4 years. 83 cases ( 69.16% were males. Among the various types, spastic type was the commonest (87.5%. Of these spastic cases, 52 (49.52% had quadriplegia. No case of tremor and rigidity was seen. Delayed milestones was the commonest associated disorder, seen in 107 (89.16% cases, followed by speech defect in 58(48.3% cases, visual defect in 34(28.3% cases and convulsions in 24 (20.0% cases. Hearing defect was seen in 5 cases (4.16% only.Conclusion: More concerted efforts arc required to identify children with cerebral palsy and rehabilitate them for the betterment of society.

  5. Cerebral Palsy: Still A Social Problem

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Angom Bisharda

    1997-08-01

    Full Text Available Research Problem: What arc the social aspects of cerebral palsy? Objective: To determine the extent and severity of neuromuscular involvement in cases of cerebral palsy and to find out the associated defects among these children. Study Design: Cross sectional study. Setting: Tertiary care hospital, outdoor patients. Participants: Children in the age group of 0 - 12 years. Sample Size: 120 children suffering from cerebral palsy. Study Variables: Social factors, neuromuscular involvement. Statistical Analysis: By proportions Result: Out of 120 cases, maximum number of cases (66.6% were in the age group of 1- 4 years. 83 cases ( 69.16% were males. Among the various types, spastic type was the commonest (87.5%. Of these spastic cases, 52 (49.52% had quadriplegia. No case of tremor and rigidity was seen. Delayed milestones was the commonest associated disorder, seen in 107 (89.16% cases, followed by speech defect in 58(48.3% cases, visual defect in 34(28.3% cases and convulsions in 24 (20.0% cases. Hearing defect was seen in 5 cases (4.16% only. Conclusion: More concerted efforts arc required to identify children with cerebral palsy and rehabilitate them for the betterment of society.

  6. Advances in the imaging of cerebral aneurysm inflammation

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Michael R Levitt

    2015-06-01

    Full Text Available Cerebral aneurysm formation, growth and rupture are thought to be the result of a complex interaction between cerebrovascular hemodynamics and pathobiology. Recently, new evidence has emerged regarding the role of inflammation in the walls of cerebral aneurysms. Noninvasive methods to characterize the degree of inflammation in aneurysms could enable clinicians to estimate the risk of future aneurysm growth and rupture, influencing treatment. This review examines emerging techniques of imaging inflammatory biomarkers in cerebral aneurysms.

  7. Acute hypoxia increases the cerebral metabolic rate

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Vestergaard, Mark Bitsch; Lindberg, Ulrich; Aachmann-Andersen, Niels Jacob

    2016-01-01

    The aim of the present study was to examine changes in cerebral metabolism by magnetic resonance imaging of healthy subjects during inhalation of 10% O2 hypoxic air. Hypoxic exposure elevates cerebral perfusion, but its effect on energy metabolism has been less investigated. Magnetic resonance im...

  8. Tiempo de Respuestas y Experiencia de Usuario Estudio Experimental

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Delvis Echeverria

    2016-12-01

    Full Text Available La investigación está fundamentada por un estudio experimental, enfocado en la evaluación del comportamiento de los usuarios finales interactuando con tiempos de respuestas en aplicaciones reales. Se tomará como base el aporte de los autores Doherty y Thadani, investigadores de IBM relacionado con los tiempos de respuestas, y las investigaciones de Jacob Nielsen. Se llevarán a cabo un test con usuarios finales, y se expondrán optimizaciones a través de del uso de herramientas que contribuirán a mejorar los tiempos de respuestas de las aplicaciones web. Todo esto engloba una primera instancia de un proyecto que se está llevando a cabo en la empresa GeneXus Consulting, pretendiéndose lograr un punto de encuentro entre el rendimiento de las aplicaciones y la experiencia de usuario.

  9. Cerebral blood flow autoregulation is impaired in schizophrenia: A pilot study.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Ku, Hsiao-Lun; Wang, Jiunn-Kae; Lee, Hsin-Chien; Lane, Timothy Joseph; Liu, I-Chao; Chen, Yung-Chan; Lee, Yao-Tung; Lin, I-Cheng; Lin, Chia-Pei; Hu, Chaur-Jong; Chi, Nai-Fang

    2017-10-01

    Patients with schizophrenia have a higher risk of cardiovascular diseases and higher mortality from them than does the general population; however, the underlying mechanism remains unclear. Impaired cerebral autoregulation is associated with cerebrovascular diseases and their mortality. Increased or decreased cerebral blood flow in different brain regions has been reported in patients with schizophrenia, which implies impaired cerebral autoregulation. This study investigated the cerebral autoregulation in 21 patients with schizophrenia and 23 age- and sex-matched healthy controls. None of the participants had a history of cardiovascular diseases, hypertension, or diabetes. All participants underwent 10-min blood pressure and cerebral blood flow recording through finger plethysmography and Doppler ultrasonography, respectively. Cerebral autoregulation was assessed by analyzing two autoregulation indices: the mean blood pressure and cerebral blood flow correlation coefficient (Mx), and the phase shift between the waveforms of blood pressure and cerebral blood flow determined using transfer function analysis. Compared with the controls, the patients had a significantly higher Mx (0.257 vs. 0.399, p=0.036) and lower phase shift (44.3° vs. 38.7° in the 0.07-0.20Hz frequency band, p=0.019), which indicated impaired maintenance of constant cerebral blood flow and a delayed cerebrovascular autoregulatory response. Impaired cerebral autoregulation may be caused by schizophrenia and may not be an artifact of coexisting medical conditions. The mechanism underlying impaired cerebral autoregulation in schizophrenia and its probable role in the development of cerebrovascular diseases require further investigation. Copyright © 2017 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

  10. Shape analysis of spatial relationships between orbito-ocular and endocranial structures in modern humans and fossil hominids.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Pereira-Pedro, Ana Sofia; Masters, Michael; Bruner, Emiliano

    2017-12-01

    The orbits and eyes of modern humans are situated directly below the frontal lobes and anterior to the temporal lobes. Contiguity between these orbital and cerebral elements could generate spatial constraints, and potentially lead to deformation of the eye and reduced visual acuity during development. In this shape analysis we evaluate whether and to what extent covariation exists between ocular morphology and the size and spatial position of the frontal and temporal areas in adult modern humans. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was used to investigate patterns of variation among the brain and eyes, while computed tomography (CT) was used to compare cranial morphology in this anatomical region among modern humans, extinct hominids and chimpanzees. Seventeen landmarks and semi-landmarks that capture the outline of the eye, frontal lobe, anterior fossa/orbital roof and the position of the temporal tips were sampled using lateral scout views in two dimensions, after projection of the average grayscale values of each hemisphere, with midsagittal and parasagittal elements overlapped onto the same plane. MRI results demonstrated that eye position in adult humans varies most with regard to its horizontal distance from the temporal lobes and, secondly, in its vertical distance from the frontal lobes. Size was mainly found to covary with the distance between the eye and temporal lobes. Proximity to these cerebral lobes may generate spatial constraints, as some ocular deformation was observed. Considering the CT analysis, modern humans vary most with regard to the orientation of the orbits, while interspecific variation is mainly associated with separation between the orbits and endocranial elements. These findings suggest that size and position of the frontal and temporal lobes can affect eye and orbit morphology, though potential effects on eye shape require further study. In particular, possible effects of these spatial and allometric relationships on the eye and vision

  11. A schizophrenic patient with cerebral infarctions after hemorrhagic shock

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Youichi Yanagawa

    2013-01-01

    Full Text Available We herein report the fourth case of cerebral infarction, concomitant with hemorrhagic shock, in English literature. A 33-year-old male, who had been diagnosed with schizophrenia and given a prescription for Olanzapine, was discovered with multiple self-inflicted bleeding cuts on his wrist. On arrival, he was in hemorrhagic shock without verbal responsiveness, but his vital signs were normalized following infusion of Lactate Ringer′s solution. The neuroradiological studies revealed multiple cerebral ischemic lesions without any vascular abnormality. He was diagnosed with speech apraxia, motor aphasia, and dysgraphia, due to multiple cerebral infarctions. As there was no obvious causative factor with regard to the occurrence of cerebral infarction in the patient, the hypoperfusion due to hemorrhagic shock, and the thromboembolic tendency due to Olanzapine, might have acted together to lead to the patient′s cerebral ischemia.

  12. Cerebral metastasis masquerading as cerebritis: A case of misguiding history and radiological surprise!

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Ashish Kumar

    2013-01-01

    Full Text Available Cerebral metastases usually have a characteristic radiological appearance. They can be differentiated rather easily from any infective etiology. Similarly, positive medical history also guides the neurosurgeon towards the possible diagnosis and adds to the diagnostic armamentarium. However, occasionally, similarities on imaging may be encountered where even history could lead us in the wrong direction and tends to bias the clinician. We report a case of a 40-year-old female with a history of mastoidectomy for otitis media presenting to us with a space occupying lesion in the right parietal region, which was thought pre-operatively as an abscess along with the cerebritis. Surprisingly, the histopathology proved it to be a metastatic adenocarcinoma. Hence, a ring enhancing lesion may be a high grade neoplasm/metastasis/abscess, significant gyral enhancement; a feature of cerebritis is not linked with a neoplastic etiology more often. This may lead to delayed diagnosis, incorrect prognostication and treatment in patients having coincidental suggestive history of infection. We review the literature and highlight the key points helping to differentiate an infective from a neoplastic pathology which may look similar at times.

  13. Magnetic Resonance Features of Cerebral Malaria

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Yadav, P.; Sharma, R.; Kumar, S.; Kumar, U. (Dept. of Radiodiagnosis and Dept. of Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi (India))

    2008-06-15

    Background: Cerebral malaria is a major health hazard, with a high incidence of mortality. The disease is endemic in many developing countries, but with a greater increase in tourism, occasional cases may be detected in countries where the disease in not prevalent. Early diagnosis and evaluation of cerebral involvement in malaria utilizing modern imaging modalities have an impact on the treatment and clinical outcome. Purpose: To evaluate the magnetic resonance (MR) features of patients with cerebral malaria presenting with altered sensorium. Material and Methods: We present the findings in three patients with cerebral malaria presenting with altered sensorium. MR imaging using a 1.5-Tesla unit was carried out. The sequences performed were 5-mm-thick T1-weighted, T2-weighted, fluid-attenuated inversion-recovery (FLAIR), and T2-weighted gradient-echo axial sequences, and sagittal and coronal FLAIR. Diffusion-weighted imaging was performed with b values of 0 and 1000 s/mm2, and apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) maps were obtained. Results: Focal hyperintensities in the bilateral periventricular white matter, corpus callosum, occipital subcortex, and bilateral thalami were noticed on T2-weighted and FLAIR sequences. The lesions were more marked in the splenium of the corpus callosum. No enhancement on postcontrast T1-weighted MR images was observed. There was no evidence of restricted diffusion on the diffusion-weighted sequence and ADC map. Conclusion: MR is a sensitive imaging modality, with a role in the assessment of cerebral lesions in malaria. Focal white matter and corpus callosal lesions without any restricted diffusion were the key findings in our patients

  14. Magnetic Resonance Features of Cerebral Malaria

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Yadav, P.; Sharma, R.; Kumar, S.; Kumar, U.

    2008-01-01

    Background: Cerebral malaria is a major health hazard, with a high incidence of mortality. The disease is endemic in many developing countries, but with a greater increase in tourism, occasional cases may be detected in countries where the disease in not prevalent. Early diagnosis and evaluation of cerebral involvement in malaria utilizing modern imaging modalities have an impact on the treatment and clinical outcome. Purpose: To evaluate the magnetic resonance (MR) features of patients with cerebral malaria presenting with altered sensorium. Material and Methods: We present the findings in three patients with cerebral malaria presenting with altered sensorium. MR imaging using a 1.5-Tesla unit was carried out. The sequences performed were 5-mm-thick T1-weighted, T2-weighted, fluid-attenuated inversion-recovery (FLAIR), and T2-weighted gradient-echo axial sequences, and sagittal and coronal FLAIR. Diffusion-weighted imaging was performed with b values of 0 and 1000 s/mm 2 , and apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) maps were obtained. Results: Focal hyperintensities in the bilateral periventricular white matter, corpus callosum, occipital subcortex, and bilateral thalami were noticed on T2-weighted and FLAIR sequences. The lesions were more marked in the splenium of the corpus callosum. No enhancement on postcontrast T1-weighted MR images was observed. There was no evidence of restricted diffusion on the diffusion-weighted sequence and ADC map. Conclusion: MR is a sensitive imaging modality, with a role in the assessment of cerebral lesions in malaria. Focal white matter and corpus callosal lesions without any restricted diffusion were the key findings in our patients

  15. Bundle of measures for external cerebral ventricular drainage-associated ventriculitis.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Chatzi, Maria; Karvouniaris, Marios; Makris, Demosthenes; Tsimitrea, Eleni; Gatos, Charalampos; Tasiou, Anastasia; Mantzarlis, Kostas; Fountas, Kostas N; Zakynthinos, Epaminondas

    2014-01-01

    To assess the prevalence and outcome of external cerebral ventricular drainage-associated ventriculitis in neurocritical patients before and after the implementation of a bundle of external cerebral ventricular drainage-associated ventriculitis control measures. Clinical prospective case series. University Hospital of Larissa, Greece. Consecutive patients were recruited from the ICU of the hospital. Patient inclusion criteria included presence of external ventricular drainage and ICU stay more than 48 hours. The bundle of external cerebral ventricular drainage-associated ventriculitis control measures included 1) reeducation of ICU personnel on issues of infection control related to external cerebral ventricular drainage, 2) meticulous intraventricular catheter handling, 3) cerebrospinal fluid sampling only when clinically necessary, and 4) routine replacement of the drainage catheter on the seventh drainage day if the catheter was still necessary. The bundle was applied after an initial period (preintervention) where standard policy for external cerebral ventricular drainage-associated ventriculitis was established. External cerebral ventricular drainage-associated ventriculitis prevalence, external cerebral ventricular drainage-associated ventriculitis events per 1,000 drainage days (drain-associated infection rate), length of ICU stay, Glasgow Outcome Scale at 6 months, and risk factors for external cerebral ventricular drainage-associated ventriculitis. Eighty-two patients entered the study in the preintervention period and 57 patients during the intervention period. During the preintervention and intervention period, external cerebral ventricular drainage-associated ventriculitis prevalence was 28% and 10.5% (p = 0.02) and drain-associated infection rate was 18 and 7.1, respectively (p = 0.0001); mean (95% CI) length of ICU stay in patients who presented external cerebral ventricular drainage-associated ventriculitis was 44.4 days (36.4-52.4 d), whereas mean

  16. INTUICIÓN, LA EXPERIENCIA Y EL TIEMPO EN EL PENSAMIENTO DE BERGSON

    OpenAIRE

    Ruiz Stull,Miguel

    2009-01-01

    Esta indagación sobre la relación entre experiencia y tiempo en la obra de Henri Bergson tiene como propósito articular ambas nociones a partir de un análisis de la operación de la intuición en el contexto del pensamiento bergsoniano. De este modo, será posible considerar que el método de la intuición cobra un rol esencial en la emergencia de conceptos como duración, memoria y elan vital, los cuales colocan en relieve el singular empirismo con que puede ser ilustrado el discurso filosófico de...

  17. Provocaciones teóricas para el siglo XXI: la experiencia del poema

    OpenAIRE

    Scarano, Laura

    2008-01-01

    Quisiera compartir pues en esta ponencia los derroteros críticos que impulsan mi curiosidad por entender los trazos de lo que un sujeto autoral llama su “experiencia” e “intimidad”, transpuestos a lenguaje poético. Y en el acto de esta “escritura del yo íntimo” proponen al lector –no ya su radical ajenidad­ sino un camino interpretativo para construir una experiencia análoga, dentro de las coordenadas de una estética de la proyección y el reconocimiento, que ponga en escena la “vivencia” ideo...

  18. A study on regional cerebral circulation in stroke patients with aphasia

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Kudo, Ryozo

    1985-01-01

    To study the pathophysiology of aphasia due to cerebral stroke, regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) was measured by the 133 Xe clearance method and the volume of low density area (LDA) was estimated on the basis of computerized tomography in 43 thrombotic (24 aphasia and 19 non-aphasia), 30 hemorrhagic (16 aphasia and 14 non-aphasia) and 6 non-stroke cases. 1) In the healthy hemisphere, rCBF showed no significant difference between aphasia and non-aphasia in both thrombotic and hemorrhagic cases. In the affected hemisphere, thrombotic cases showed significantly decreased rCBF in aphasic cases as compared to non-aphasic, however, hemorrhagic cases revealed no difference. 2) LDA volume showed no significant difference between aphasia and non-aphasia in cerebral thrombosis, however, LDA volume in non-aphasia was smaller than that in aphasia in cerebral hemorrage. 3) Significant differences in the pathophysiology of aphasia due to cerebral stroke were recognized between cerebral thrombosis and cerebral hemorrhage. Such differences should be taken into consideration in the management and treatment of aphasia caused by cerebral stroke. (author)

  19. Relationship between cerebral blood flow and later cognitive decline in hypertensive patients with cerebral small vessel disease

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Kitagawa, Kazuo; Oku, Naohiko; Yagita, Yoshiki; Sakaguchi, Manabu; Sakoda, Saburo; Kimura, Yasuyuku; Hatazawa, Jun

    2009-01-01

    Vascular risk factors are thought to be important for dementia. However, there is little evidence for a prospective association between cerebral blood flow and the risk of cognitive decline. Twenty-seven cognitively intact hypertensive patients aged 55 years and older with lacunar infarction or white matter lesions in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) underwent positron emission tomography (PET) to measure cerebral blood flow (CBF) and cerebral vascular reactivity (CVR). Cognitive function was assessed at baseline and 3 years later with the mini-mental state examination (MMSE). Patients whose MMSE score fell by more than three points were classified as having cognitive decline. Six patients showed cognitive decline. Baseline CBF in these patients was significantly lower than that of the 21 patients without cognitive decline (31.2±2.4 vs. 42.6±5.9 ml per 100 gmin -1 , respectively; P<0.001). A moderate linear association was found between CBF and change in MMSE score over a 3-year period (r=0.59, P=0.001), not between CBF and baseline MMSE score. In contrast, no association between CVR and later cognitive decline was found. This study suggests that cerebral hypoperfusion is associated with later cognitive decline. (author)

  20. OCULAR FINDINGS IN CHILDREN WITH CEREBRAL PALSY ...

    African Journals Online (AJOL)

    Cerebral palsy is commonly associated with ocular abnormalities which often impact on their development and education. There is paucity of studies on this in Nigeria. We decided to study/ determine the prevalence of ocular abnormalities among children with cerebral palsy that attended the neurology clinic of University of ...

  1. Calcification within the lesion of an old cerebral infarction

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Hanyu, Haruo; Hagiwara, Akiyoshi; Yamaguchi, Katsuhiko; Imamura, Toshiharu; Iwamoto, Toshihiko; Katsunuma, Hideyo

    1987-01-01

    We described a 68-year-old woman with marked calcification in the lesion of an old cerebral infarction. Calcified deposits in an old infarcted area of the left middle cerebral artery were demonstrated by CT 9 months after she had suffered a stroke, probably because of an embolism. There have been few reports of calcification associated with cerebral infarction. (author)

  2. La experiencia de ser cuidadora de un anciano con enfermedad crónica

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Gabriela Aldana-González

    2011-01-01

    Full Text Available Objetivo: conocer la construcción de la experiencia de ser cuidador de un anciano con enfermedad crónico-degenerativa en mujeres de San Cristóbal Ecatepec, México. Método: investigación de corte cualitativo, con cuatro personas de sexo femenino todas ellas cuidadoras de ancianos con enfermedades crónico-degenerativas. Se utilizó la entrevista a profundidad como técnica para la recolección de datos. Los datos se analizaron a partir de ubicar categorías de análisis desde una orientación fenomenológica. La investigación se llevó a cabo en la ciudad de San Cristóbal Ecatepec, Estado de México, México, entre marzo y junio del 2008. Resultados: el rol de cuidador está asignado a las mujeres. La categoría que aquí se describe se refiere a la cotidianidad del cuidado. Los discursos nos permiten develar el conflicto al que se enfrentan las cuidadoras: la responsabilidad moral del cuidado al adulto mayor y la necesidad de desarrollar un proyecto de vida autónomo. Conclusiones: la experiencia de ser cuidadora se asume como una responsabilidad y un compromiso moral que tiene que cumplirse por encima del cuidado personal. Tiene relación con la cultura mexicana respecto a la construcción de género y familia.

  3. Cerebral microbleeds in a neonatal rat model.

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Brianna Carusillo Theriault

    Full Text Available In adult humans, cerebral microbleeds play important roles in neurodegenerative diseases but in neonates, the consequences of cerebral microbleeds are unknown. In rats, a single pro-angiogenic stimulus in utero predisposes to cerebral microbleeds after birth at term, a time when late oligodendrocyte progenitors (pre-oligodendrocytes dominate in the rat brain. We hypothesized that two independent pro-angiogenic stimuli in utero would be associated with a high likelihood of perinatal microbleeds that would be severely damaging to white matter.Pregnant Wistar rats were subjected to intrauterine ischemia (IUI and low-dose maternal lipopolysaccharide (mLPS at embryonic day (E 19. Pups were born vaginally or abdominally at E21-22. Brains were evaluated for angiogenic markers, microhemorrhages, myelination and axonal development. Neurological function was assessed out to 6 weeks.mRNA (Vegf, Cd31, Mmp2, Mmp9, Timp1, Timp2 and protein (CD31, MMP2, MMP9 for angiogenic markers, in situ proteolytic activity, and collagen IV immunoreactivity were altered, consistent with an angiogenic response. Vaginally delivered pups exposed to prenatal IUI+mLPS had spontaneous cerebral microbleeds, abnormal neurological function, and dysmorphic, hypomyelinated white matter and axonopathy. Pups exposed to the same pro-angiogenic stimuli in utero but delivered abdominally had minimal cerebral microbleeds, preserved myelination and axonal development, and neurological function similar to naïve controls.In rats, pro-angiogenic stimuli in utero can predispose to vascular fragility and lead to cerebral microbleeds. The study of microbleeds in the neonatal rat brain at full gestation may give insights into the consequences of microbleeds in human preterm infants during critical periods of white matter development.

  4. Neurociências, neurocultura e autoajuda cerebral

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Francisco Ortega

    Full Text Available Este artigo pretende analisar o fenômeno denominado de neuroascese, ou autoajuda cerebral no contexto do crescente impacto das neurociências e do surgimento da neurocultura e do sujeito cerebral. Para tanto, é importante compreender o âmbito sóciocultural mais amplo no qual a neuroascese se insere e que corresponde ao que vem se chamando de 'cultura somática' ou, mais especificamente, de biossociabilidade. O objetivo do artigo é explorar como uma forma de subjetividade reducionista, o sujeito cerebral, dá lugar à aparição de práticas de si cerebrais, isto é, práticas de como agir sobre o cérebro para maximizar a sua performance, que levam a formação de novas formas de sociabilidade.

  5. The MM-CGI Cerebral Palsy: modification and pretesting of an instrument to measure anticipatory grief in parents whose child has cerebral palsy.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Al-Gamal, Ekhlas; Long, Tony

    2014-07-01

    To establish the potential of a modified version of the MM-CGI Childhood Cancer to assess anticipatory grief in parents of children with cerebral palsy, to amend the existing scale for use with the specific patient group, to test the psychometric properties of the modified version (MM-CGI Cerebral Palsy) and to review the clinical potential of the new scale. Parents of children with cerebral palsy may experience reactions similar to parents of children with other enduring or life-limiting conditions, and anticipatory grief may be one such psychological reaction. While the burden of caring is sometimes balanced by positive perceptions of the child, which enhance coping ability, for many parents the outcome is damage to their physical and mental health and impaired family functioning. A cross-sectional, descriptive, correlational design. The MM-CGI Cerebral Palsy was administered in structured interviews with 204 parents. Standardised measures of caregivers' depression, stress and perceived social support were also administered. Mothers and fathers were recruited from healthcare centres and schools for special education. Cronbach's alpha was used to assess internal consistency, and Pearson's product-moment correlation was used to assess construct validity. The subscales were each found to measure a single dimension of anticipatory grief, and significant correlations were established with existing instruments. The instrument demonstrated excellent internal consistency reliability and good construct validity. The MM-CGI Cerebral Palsy could be useful for diagnosing anticipatory grief among parents of children with cerebral palsy. This preliminary work moves the programme on to testing in intervention studies. In the absence of an existing measure for the assessment of anticipatory grief, specifically in parents of children with cerebral palsy, the MM-CGI Cerebral Palsy could prove to be an effective assessment tool for clinicians and researchers. © 2013 John Wiley

  6. An evaluation of MR diffusion imaging in the diagnosis of cerebral infarction

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Xiong Weijian; Feng Shaolan; Zhou Zhijuan; Lin Yan

    2005-01-01

    Objective: To evaluate MR diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) in the diagnosis of cerebral infarction. Methods: Thirty patients with clinically-diagnosed acute (6 hyper-acute and 24 acute) cerebral infarction scanned with both conventional and DW MRI. Results: DWI had the 100% sensitivity for hyper-acute and acute cerebral infarction. Hyper-acute and acute cerebral infarctions all showed hyper intensity on DWI. All 6 hyper-acute cerebral infarctions were only revealed on DWI but silent on conventional MRI. Conclusion: DWI is a useful MR technique, which is superior to conventional MR sequences in revealing the hyper-acute, acute cerebral infarct. DWI has a higher sensitivity for acute, especially hyper-acute cerebral infarction than conventional MRI. (authors)

  7. EL DIALOGO ABRE FRONTERAS: LA EXPERIENCIA DE LOS JÓVENES DE LAS COMUNIDADES ÁRABE Y JUDÍA EN CHILE

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Lorenzo Agar Corbinos

    2015-12-01

    Full Text Available Chile ha sido elegido como destino migratorio por diversos grupos humanos. Entre ellos, un importante número de inmigrantes árabes y judíos, cuyos descendientes forman hoy parte activa de la sociedad chilena. El aporte cultural de los inmigrantes y descendientes ha impactado positivamente en el desarrollo del país. Este artículo presenta una experiencia pionera de diálogo entre jóvenes descendientes que integran la comunidad árabe y judía en Chile. En el contexto de una sociedad cada vez más multicultural, se hace relevante revisar las interacciones entre grupos de distinto origen. El objetivo de esta iniciativa de diálogo entre jóvenes de ambas comunidades, ha sido generar una instancia comunicacional, como una primera experiencia en la formación de una sociedad más abierta, integradora y respetuosa de la diversidad. Ambas comunidades, más allá de sus diferencias, tienen historias de vida comunes que permiten dar ejemplos de convivencia y diálogo. Un punto esencial en la metodología ha sido la de reforzar la mirada cultural por sobre la ideológica. Estamos convencidos que dar a conocer y promover este tipo de experiencias, ayudará al reconocimiento de la necesidad del diálogo intercultural con miras a aumentar los grados de cohesión social y respeto por los derechos de todos los grupos humanos

  8. The serpentine mitral valve and cerebral embolism

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    Ker James

    2011-02-01

    Full Text Available Abstract Valvular strands, well-delineated filiform masses, attached to cardiac valve edges are associated with cerebral embolism and stroke. Strokes, caused by emboli from valvular strands, tend to occur among younger persons. In this case report a valvular strand, giving a peculiar serpentine appearance to the mitral valve is described. This mitral valvular strand was the only explanation for an episode of cerebral embolism, presenting with a transient right sided hemiparesis. It is proposed that a randomized study involving combined treatment with aspirin and clopidogrel is warranted in young patients with valvular strands, presenting with a first episode of cerebral embolism.

  9. Identification of proteins regulated by curcumin in cerebral ischemia.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Shah, Fawad-Ali; Gim, Sang-Ah; Sung, Jin-Hee; Jeon, Seong-Jun; Kim, Myeong-Ok; Koh, Phil-Ok

    2016-03-01

    Curcumin is known to have a neuroprotective effect against cerebral ischemia. The objective of this study was to identify various proteins that are differentially expressed by curcumin treatment in focal cerebral ischemia using a proteomic approach. Adult male rats were treated with vehicle or curcumin 1 h after middle cerebral artery occlusion. Brain tissues were collected 24 h after the onset of middle cerebral artery occlusion, and cerebral cortices proteins were identified by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis and mass spectrometry. We detected several proteins with altered expression levels between vehicle- and curcumin-treated animals. Among these proteins, ubiquitin carboxy-terminal hydrolase L1, isocitrate dehydrogenase, adenosylhomocysteinase, and eukaryotic initiation factor 4A were decreased in the vehicle-treated animal, and curcumin treatment attenuated the injury-induced decreases of these proteins. Conversely, pyridoxal phosphate phosphatase was increased in the vehicle-treated animal, and curcumin treatment prevented decreases in this protein. The identified altered proteins are associated with cellular metabolism and differentiation. The results of this study suggest that curcumin exerts a neuroprotective effect by regulating the expression of various proteins in focal cerebral ischemia. Copyright © 2016 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

  10. Cerebral ketone body metabolism.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Morris, A A M

    2005-01-01

    Ketone bodies (KBs) are an important source of energy for the brain. During the neonatal period, they are also precursors for the synthesis of lipids (especially cholesterol) and amino acids. The rate of cerebral KB metabolism depends primarily on the concentration in blood; high concentrations occur during fasting and on a high-fat diet. Cerebral KB metabolism is also regulated by the permeability of the blood-brain barrier (BBB), which depends on the abundance of monocarboxylic acid transporters (MCT1). The BBB's permeability to KBs increases with fasting in humans. In rats, permeability increases during the suckling period, but human neonates have not been studied. Monocarboxylic acid transporters are also present in the plasma membranes of neurons and glia but their role in regulating KB metabolism is uncertain. Finally, the rate of cerebral KB metabolism depends on the activities of the relevant enzymes in brain. The activities vary with age in rats, but reliable results are not available for humans. Cerebral KB metabolism in humans differs from that in the rat in several respects. During fasting, for example, KBs supply more of the brain's energy in humans than in the rat. Conversely, KBs are probably used more extensively in the brain of suckling rats than in human neonates. These differences complicate the interpretation of rodent studies. Most patients with inborn errors of ketogenesis develop normally, suggesting that the only essential role for KBs is as an alternative fuel during illness or prolonged fasting. On the other hand, in HMG-CoA lyase deficiency, imaging generally shows asymptomatic white-matter abnormalities. The ability of KBs to act as an alternative fuel explains the effectiveness of the ketogenic diet in GLUT1 deficiency, but its effectiveness in epilepsy remains unexplained.

  11. Experiencias de las mujeres durante el trabajo de parto y parto

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    Dora Isabel Giraldo Montoya

    2015-05-01

    Full Text Available Objetivo: Develar las experiencias de las mujeres durante el trabajo de parto y parto en una Unidad Materno Infantil de Medellín, durante el año 2013. Metodología: Estudio cualitativo, de tipo fenomenológico. Muestreo representado en la saturación teórica, con la participación de 13 mujeres a quienes se les aplicó la entrevista a profundidad. Se construyeron las categorías descriptivas, posteriormente se agruparon en categorías de orden axial y finalmente se obtuvieron las de orden selectivo para determinar las categorías núcleo. Se desarrolló la triangulación a través de grupos focales y la observación. El estudio obtuvo la aprobación del Comité de Ética y se utilizó el consentimiento informado por escrito. Resultados: Surgieron tres categorías principales: Los síntomas desagradables, La soledad y Yo quiero ver a Camila. Desde la teoría de rango medio de los síntomas desagradables, se encontró que el dolor, la fatiga y la sed son experiencias altamente significativas que comprometen el bienestar y la satisfacción materna. La soledad estuvo presente en todo el proceso, sin embargo el apoyo espiritual y la presencia del personal de salud fueron una fuente de acompañamiento. A pesar del sufrimiento y el dolor del trabajo de parto, el nacimiento las hizo olvidar estos acontecimientos y consideraron que el proceso del parto las reafirmaba frente a la adopción de su rol materno. Conclusiones: Se deben cambiar los métodos tradicionales de cuidado y propiciar otras formas de atención más humanizadas para que las mujeres asuman su rol de madres con seguridad y decisión.

  12. El patrimonio en la experiencia estética de lo cotidiano: Un estudio empírico a través de 60 plazas de Madrid.

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Sara González Moratiel

    2017-11-01

    Full Text Available Desde la Carta de Venecia de 1964 sobre la Conservación y la Restauración de los Monumentos y los Sitios , el estudio y la preservación del patrimonio histórico han adquirido una importancia vital en las políticas urbanas. Sesenta años más tarde, queda totalmente consolidado, en la sociedad real, el culto por el patrimonio -histórico, arquitectónico, urbano o cultural- a través, principalmente, de su relación con la memoria y con el tiempo. Sin embargo, en ocasiones, debido a la industria del ocio o a políticas enfocadas al turismo que tienden a la “museificación” de los centros históricos, el patrimonio urbano corre el riesgo de ser excluido para la sociedad que lo habita en su cotidianidad, banalizando así “toda la riqueza de su autenticidad”. El presente trabajo trata de indagar, mediante un estudio empírico, sobre la relación entre la presencia de patrimonio edificado y la percepción de “lo bello” y “lo agradable” en 60 plazas públicas del centro histórico de Madrid. Los resultados experimentales abren el debate sobre tres cuestiones: la experiencia estética, como adelantó Dewey, no puede separarse de la experiencia ordinaria; el patrimonio edificado deviene pieza clave en dicha experiencia; la experiencia estética responde a una suerte de verdad que necesita de un patrimonio vivo.  

  13. Mujeres, noviazgo y trabajo. Una experiencia en la provincia de Buenos Aires, 1906-1910

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    Yolanda de Paz Trueba

    2016-06-01

    Full Text Available Durante el siglo XIX y en los albores del XX, la escritura de cartas fue el medio más difundido para establecer comunicación con personas a la distancia, pese a lo cual, cuando hablamos de la escritura epistolar de entonces, tendemos a pensar en mujeres de la élite que tenían acceso a cierta educación. Sin embargo, existen indicios de que escribir cartas era también una práctica de la clase trabajadora, como lo demuestra el caso de Rosa, la protagonista de la historia que nos proponemos contar aquí. De este modo, el presente artículo se basa en un corpus documental que implica un desafío: partir de un conjunto de cartas de amor producidas por una mujer trabajadora, buscando por su intermedio adentrarnos en una relación entre dos personas y avanzar al mismo tiempo en otras direcciones. Pretendemos  ir más allá de esa dimensión y de la vida privada para estar atentas a las concepciones y experiencias en torno al noviazgo y el matrimonio. En síntesis, buscamos, a través de Rosa, una mujer de la clase trabajadora del interior de la provincia de Buenos Aires, pensar en el amor como experiencia.

  14. HACIA UNA EXPERIENCIA DEL HORROR: FEMINICIDIO Y ALIENACIÓN SENSORIAL COMO NATURALIZACIÓN DE LA BARBARIE

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    María Gabriela Gasquez

    2014-12-01

    Full Text Available En el presente trabajo nos proponemos pensar la problemática de la experiencia en torno al horror. Partimos de considerar que la barbarie actual, bajo sus múltiples formas (asesinatos, violaciones, genocidios, feminicidios, etc. abandonó su condición histórica sin dejar de ser histórica, se proclamó naturaleza sabiéndose contingencia e instaló los cuadros del horror como parte de una imagen que posee otros encuadres y matices posibles. En este marco consideramos que el hombre contempla el horror por fuera de sí mismo y se niega a asumir la experiencia de la destrucción dando lugar a la naturalización de la barbarie. Para dar cuenta del tópico propuesto nos detenemos especialmente en el caso de “las muertas de Juárez”, en tanto representa un caso paradigmático de muertes en América Latina.  Este caso permite dar cuenta de un sistema de disciplinamiento que conjuga feminicidio, perpetuidad y alienación sensorial. Estrategias estas que posibilitan la naturalización de la barbarie. 

  15. La salud de las mujeres: la experiencia de Brasil: reflexiones y acciones internacionales

    OpenAIRE

    1985-01-01

    Cuando Isis Internacional invitó al Colectivo Feminista Sexualidad y Salud de Sao Paulo a realizar conjuntamente este número de las Ediciones de Isis Internacional, se nos dio total libertad para seleccionar el material que informaría sobre la experiencia brasileña en el área de la salud de la mujer. Eran muchas las opciones y puntos de partida, porque sin duda en Brasil, el movimiento de las mujeres en esta área ha crecido y se ha diversificado bastante en estos últimos cinco años, tal como ...

  16. Experiencias Docentes de la aplicación del PBL en Ingeniería

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    Isidro Calvo

    2015-07-01

    Full Text Available El presente artículo muestra una serie de experiencias docentes de aplicación de la metodología de Aprendizaje Basada en Proyectos (ABP en Ingeniería realizadas en la E.U.I. de Vitoria-Gasteiz. El artículo presenta diferentes enfoques que puedan servir como material de reflexión o partida a aquellos profesores interesados en este tipo de metodologías o que estén pensando aplicar este tipo de metodologías en su docencia por primera vez.

  17. Departamentalización y contexto organizacional: la experiencia de la Universidad de Guadalajara

    OpenAIRE

    Acosta Silva, Adrián

    2005-01-01

    Este trabajo consiste en una valoración en torno a la experiencia de reforma organizacional y departamentalización académica de una universidad pública mexicana, la Universidad de Guadalajara (U. de G.), ocurrida en el período 1994-2005. Se trata de una exploración realizada desde la perspectiva del análisis del cambio institucional, que obedece al interés de evaluar rigurosamente el proceso a 11 años de su funcionamiento institucional. A partir de una reconstrucción del contexto que dio orig...

  18. Tres experiencias para pensar la educación en derechos humanos en Colombia

    OpenAIRE

    Rodriguez Heredia, Douglas Giovany

    2015-01-01

    A lo largo de esta investigación se analizaron comparativamente tres experiencias auto-definidas como de Educación en Derechos Humanos, a saber, una organización no gubernamental, la Escuela de Derechos Humanos de Cinep; un colegio oficial de la ciudad de Bogotá, la IED Eduardo Umaña Mendoza; y un movimiento social, el Movimiento Nacional de Víctimas de Crímenes de Estado-Capítulo Bogotá. En lo fundamental, se analizaron los procesos de constitución de cada escenario, los discursos, y las prá...

  19. Cerebral hematocrit decreases with hemodynamic compromise in carotid artery occlusion: a PET study.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Yamauchi, H; Fukuyama, H; Nagahama, Y; Katsumi, Y; Okazawa, H

    1998-01-01

    This study investigated whether in patients with internal carotid artery occlusion the regional cerebral hematocrit correlates with cerebral hemodynamics or metabolic state and, if so, how the regional cerebral hematocrit changes in the hemodynamically compromised region. We used positron emission tomography to study seven patients with unilateral internal carotid artery occlusion and no cortical infarction in the chronic stage. The distributions of red blood cell and plasma volumes were assessed using oxygen-15-labeled carbon monoxide and copper-62-labeled human serum albumin-dithiosemicarbazone tracers, respectively. The calculated hematocrit value was compared with the hemodynamic and metabolic parameters measured with the oxygen-15 steady-state technique. In the cerebral cortex, the value of the cerebral hematocrit varied but was correlated with the hemodynamic and metabolic status. Stepwise regression analysis revealed that the large vessel hematocrit, the cerebral metabolic rate of oxygen, and the cerebral blood flow or the oxygen extraction fraction accounted for a significant proportion of variance of the cerebral hematocrit. The oxygen extraction fraction and the cerebral metabolic rate of oxygen negatively correlated with the cerebral hematocrit, whereas the cerebral blood flow correlated positively: patients with reduced blood supply relative to metabolic demand (decreased blood flow with increased oxygen extraction fraction) showed low hematocrit values. In carotid artery occlusion in the chronic stage, regional cerebral hematocrit may vary according to cerebral hemodynamics and metabolic status. Regional cerebral hematocrit may decrease with hemodynamic compromise unless oxygen metabolism concomitantly decreases.

  20. Cerebral O2 metabolism and cerebral blood flow in humans during deep and rapid-eye-movement sleep

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Madsen, P L; Schmidt, J F; Wildschiødtz, Gordon

    1991-01-01

    on examination of this question. We have now measured CBF and CMRO2 in young healthy volunteers using the Kety-Schmidt technique with 133Xe as the inert gas. Measurements were performed during wakefulness, deep sleep (stage 3/4), and rapid-eye-movement (REM) sleep as verified by standard polysomnography...... associated with light anesthesia. During REM sleep (dream sleep) CMRO2 was practically the same as in the awake state. Changes in CBF paralleled changes in CMRO2 during both deep and REM sleep.......It could be expected that the various stages of sleep were reflected in variation of the overall level of cerebral activity and thereby in the magnitude of cerebral metabolic rate of oxygen (CMRO2) and cerebral blood flow (CBF). The elusive nature of sleep imposes major methodological restrictions...

  1. Cerebral Dysfunctions Related to Perinatal Organic Damage: Clinical-Neuropathologic Correlations.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Towbin, Abraham

    1978-01-01

    Recent neuropathology studies identify hypoxia as the main cause of perinatal cerebral damage. Cerebral lesions present at birth, with transition to chronic scar lesions, are correlated to mental retardation, cerebral palsy, epilepsy, and minimal brain dysfunction. Gestation age and severity of hypoxic exposure essentially determine the cerebral…

  2. MRI findings and differential diagnosis in children with cerebral paragonimiasis

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Zhen Zeng

    2016-06-01

    Conclusions: The clinical manifestations of cerebral paragonimiasis are nonspecific in children while the MRI findings of cerebral paragonimiasis are characteristic, including irregular hemorrhage, ring-like enhancement and disproportionately large areas of surrounding edema. Brain MRI plays an important role in the diagnosis of cerebral paragonimiasis in children.

  3. Recirculation usually precedes malignant edema in middle cerebral artery infarcts

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Nielsen, T H; Ståhl, N; Schalén, W

    2012-01-01

    In patients with large middle cerebral artery (MCA) infarcts, maximum brain swelling leading to cerebral herniation and death usually occurs 2-5 days after onset of stroke. The study aimed at exploring the pattern of compounds related to cerebral energy metabolism in infarcted brain tissue....

  4. [Research on brain white matter network in cerebral palsy infant].

    Science.gov (United States)

    Li, Jun; Yang, Cheng; Wang, Yuanjun; Nie, Shengdong

    2017-10-01

    Present study used diffusion tensor image and tractography to construct brain white matter networks of 15 cerebral palsy infants and 30 healthy infants that matched for age and gender. After white matter network analysis, we found that both cerebral palsy and healthy infants had a small-world topology in white matter network, but cerebral palsy infants exhibited abnormal topological organization: increased shortest path length but decreased normalize clustering coefficient, global efficiency and local efficiency. Furthermore, we also found that white matter network hub regions were located in the left cuneus, precuneus, and left posterior cingulate gyrus. However, some abnormal nodes existed in the frontal, temporal, occipital and parietal lobes of cerebral palsy infants. These results indicated that the white matter networks for cerebral palsy infants were disrupted, which was consistent with previous studies about the abnormal brain white matter areas. This work could help us further study the pathogenesis of cerebral palsy infants.

  5. EXPERIENCIA OBRERA, CONSTRUCCIONES SINDICALES Y OR-GANIZACIONES POLÍTICAS DE LA CLASE OBRERA: LOS TRABA-JADORES DE LA PATAGONIA ARGENTINA DURANTE LA DÉCA-DA DEL ‘80

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    Gonzalo Pérez Álvarez

    2015-09-01

    Full Text Available Exploramos la relación entre experiencia obrera y organización partidaria de los trabajadores, a partir del estudio de la experiencia que desarrolla un conjunto de trabajadores afincados en la Patagonia argentina durante el auge del proyecto de promoción industrial para la región. Para ello describiremos algunas experiencias de organización partidaria de grupos obreros, intentando problematizar la búsqueda que realizan estos trabajadores de construir programas políticos propios, los límites y potencialidades que se expresan y el intento de desarrollar propuestas alternativas a las conducciones sindicales tradicionales. Señalamos los momentos de quiebre de esta experiencia, y la relación que guardan con la transformación en la estructura económica de la región. La consolidación hegemónica del neoliberalismo necesitaba la destrucción de las construcciones que pudiesen plantear proyectos alternativos al del capital financiero.Palabras clave: Experiencia, sindicatos, partidos políticos, clase obrera._________________________We explore the relationship between working experience and party organization of workers, from the study of the experience that develops a set of workers settled in Patagonia Argentina during the rise of industrial promotion project for the region. This will describe some experiences of party organization groups of workers, trying to problematize the search performed by these workers to build own political agendas, the limits and potentialities that are expressed and the attempt to develop al-ternative approaches to traditional union lines. Note the break in time of this experience, and how they relate to the transformation in the economic structure of the region. The hegemonic consolidation of neoliberalism needed destruction of buildings that may pose alternative to finance capital projects.Keywords: Experience, trade unions, political parties, working class.

  6. Cytokine response during non-cerebral and cerebral malaria: evidence of a failure to control inflammation as a cause of death in African adults

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    Yakhya Dieye

    2016-05-01

    Full Text Available Background. With 214 million cases and 438,000 deaths in 2015, malaria remains one of the deadliest infectious diseases in tropical countries. Several species of the protozoan Plasmodium cause malaria. However, almost all the fatalities are due to Plasmodium falciparum, a species responsible for the severest cases including cerebral malaria. Immune response to Plasmodium falciparum infection is mediated by the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines, chemokines and growth factors whose actions are crucial for the control of the parasites. Following this response, the induction of anti-inflammatory immune mediators downregulates the inflammation thus preventing its adverse effects such as damages to various organs and death. Methods. We performed a retrospective, nonprobability sampling study using clinical data and sera samples from patients, mainly adults, suffering of non-cerebral or cerebral malaria in Dakar, Sénégal. Healthy individuals residing in the same area were included as controls. We measured the serum levels of 29 biomarkers including growth factors, chemokines, inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines. Results. We found an induction of both pro- and anti-inflammatory immune mediators during malaria. The levels of pro-inflammatory biomarkers were higher in the cerebral malaria than in the non-cerebral malaria patients. In contrast, the concentrations of anti-inflammatory cytokines were comparable in these two groups or lower in CM patients. Additionally, four pro-inflammatory biomarkers were significantly increased in the deceased of cerebral malaria compared to the survivors. Regarding organ damage, kidney failure was significantly associated with death in adults suffering of cerebral malaria. Conclusions. Our results suggest that a poorly controlled inflammatory response determines a bad outcome in African adults suffering of cerebral malaria.

  7. Diagnosis of hemodynamic compromise in patients with chronic cerebral ischemia; Measurement of cerebral blood volume (CBV) with sup 99m Tc-RBC SPECT

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Kuroda, Satoshi; Sakuragi, Mitsugi; Motomiya, Mineo; Nakagawa, Tango; Mitsumori, Kenji; Tsuru, Mitsuo (Hokkaido Neurosurgical Memorial Hospital (Japan)); Takigawa, Shugo; Kamiyama, Hiroyasu; Abe, Hiroshi

    1990-03-01

    To evaluate the efficacy of tests for selecting patients with hemodynamic compromise, measurement of cerebral blood volume (CBV) with {sup 99m}Tc-RBC single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) was performed in thirteen patients with occlusive cerebrovascular disease, and was compared with results obtained by {sup 133}Xe SPECT and acetazolamide (Diamox) test. All patients in our study suffered TIA, RIND, or minor completed stroke. Cerebral angiography demonstrated severe stenosis or occlusion in the ipsilateral internal carotid artery or middle cerebral artery, although plain CT scan or MRI revealed no or, if any, only localized infarcted lesions. Regional cerebral blood volume (rCBV) was measured with {sup 99m}Tc-RBC SPECT and regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) was measured with {sup 133}Xe SPECT before and after intravenous injection of 10 - 12 mg/kg acetazolamide (Diamox). Our results suggest that the ipsilateral rCBV/rCBF (mean transit time) is a more sensitive index of the cerebral perfusion reserve than the use of only rCBV or rCBF of the ipsilateral hemisphere. Also, the ipsilateral rCBV/rCBF is significantly correlated (r= -0.72) with the Diamox reactivity of rCBF, which is considered to represent the cerebral vasodilatory capacity in patients with chronic cerebral ischemia. Postoperative SPECT study revealed remarkable improvement of ipsilateral rCBV/rCBF and Diamox reactivity in four patients who underwent EC/IC bypass surgery to improve the hemodynamic compromise. In conclusion, our results suggest that the measurement of rCBV/rCBF with {sup 133}Xe SPECT and {sup 99m}Tc-RBC SPECT is useful for detecting the hemodynamic compromise in patients with occlusive cerebrovascular disease. (author).

  8. Discussion on the treatment of cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injuries following intra-arterial thrombolysis

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Tian Hong; Song Chuan; Fan Ruxiong; Zhou Huchuan; Zhang Yubo; Zang Qiaoli; Zhang Yunquan; Liu Lei

    2011-01-01

    Objective: To investigate the therapeutic method of cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injuries occurred after arterial thrombolytic therapy for acute cerebral infarction. Methods: Thirty-five patients, encountered in authors' Department since Oct. 2005, with cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injuries, which occurred after thrombolytic therapy by using arterial perfusion of urokinase for acute cerebral infarction, were enrolled in this study. The clinical data were retrospectively analyzed. Results: After the thrombolytic therapy, completer or partial recanalization of the occluded cerebral arteries was obtained in 33 cases, while secondary cerebral hemorrhage occurred in 13 cases, of whom cerebral parenchyma bleeding was seen in 2 and hemorrhagic infarction in 11. Different degrees of cerebral edema were found in all 33 cases. Among them significant shift of the midline structures was detected in 18 (54.5%), which was manifested clinically as the worsening of disturbance of consciousness. Strict control of blood pressure, prompt adjustment of dehydration medication, strengthening the cerebral protection measures, cerebral decompression by fenestration, etc. were carried out. All the patients took a turn for the better and were out of danger with remarkable improvement of neurological functions except one patient who died from massive intracerebral hemorrhage. Conclusion: Usually, different degrees of reperfusion injuries will develop after thrombolytic therapy for cerebral arterial infarction. Strictly controlling blood pressure, promptly adjusting dehydration medication and strengthening cerebral protection are the keys to reduce the severity of cerebral reperfusion injuries. (authors)

  9. ¿Cómo se traduce el curriculum formal en una experiencia escolar relevante para los alumnos de una escuela telesecundaria de México?

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    José de la luz Sánchez Tepatzi

    2011-01-01

    Full Text Available En este artículo se presenta parte de los resultados obtenidos en una investigación realizada entre los años 2009 y 2010 en una comunidad rural en México donde participaron 12 personas que abandonaron la escuela tele-secundaria. El estudio es de tipo cualitativo y las principales herramientas para obtener la información fueron la historia de vida y la entrevista abierta. La pregunta que orienta este artículo analiza las formas en cómo los alumnos traducen el curriculum formal en una experiencia escolar relevante y cómo influye tal significado en la permanencia. Los principales resultados señalan que la relación profesor-alumno, el trato entre pares y el apoyo de la familia, son elementos importantes para mejorar la permanencia y la calidad de los aprendizajes, así como para otorgar significado relevante a esa experiencia. En las conclusiones del estudio se muestra que el valor positivo hacia la escuela y la relevancia de la experiencia escolar, no son elementos suficientes para garantizar la permanencia, pues en esa decisión intervienen otros factores y razonamientos particulares. Es decir, cada alumno, en su mundo de vida construye un sentido de la realidad y este es el que orienta sus decisiones; una de ellas es permanecer o retirarse de la escuela. En este marco de relativa autonomía, los profesores estamos obligados a ofrecer a los alumnos la oportunidad de vivir una experiencia escolar relevante que les permita desenvolverse en un mundo complejo y aprender a lo largo de la vida, más allá de su condición y disposición para permanecer en la escuela.

  10. Safety of Pregnancy After Cerebral Venous Thrombosis: Results of the ISCVT (International Study on Cerebral Vein and Dural Sinus Thrombosis)-2 PREGNANCY Study.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Aguiar de Sousa, Diana; Canhão, Patrícia; Crassard, Isabelle; Coutinho, Jonathan; Arauz, Antonio; Conforto, Adriana; Béjot, Yannick; Giroud, Maurice; Ferro, José M

    2017-11-01

    Pregnancy is associated with increased risk of venous thrombotic events, including cerebral venous thrombosis. We aimed to study the complications and outcome of subsequent pregnancies in women with previous cerebral venous thrombosis. Follow-up study of women with acute cerebral venous thrombosis at childbearing age included in a previously described cohort (International Study of Cerebral Vein and Dural Sinus Thrombosis). Patients were interviewed by local neurologists to assess rate of venous thrombotic events, pregnancy outcomes, and antithrombotic prophylaxis during subsequent pregnancies. A total of 119 women were included, with a median follow-up of 14 years. Eighty-two new pregnancies occurred in 47 women. In 83% (68 of 82), some form of antithrombotic prophylaxis was given during at least 1 trimester of pregnancy or puerperium. Venous thrombotic events occurred in 3 pregnancies, including 1 recurrent cerebral venous thrombosis. Two of the 3 women were on prophylactic low-molecular-weight heparin at the time of the event. Outcomes of pregnancies were 51 full-term newborns, 9 preterm births, 2 stillbirths, and 20 abortions (14 spontaneous). In women with prior cerebral venous thrombosis, recurrent venous thrombotic events during subsequent pregnancies are infrequent. © 2017 American Heart Association, Inc.

  11. Emociones, agencia y experiencia escolar: el papel de los vínculos en los procesos de inclusión escolar en el nivel secundario

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Mariana Nobile

    2014-04-01

    Full Text Available Desde hace unos años venimos explorando el modo en que la dimensión emocional de la experiencia escolar interviene en los procesos de inclusión-exclusión educativa en el nivelsecundario. Aquí analizamos en profundidad las entrevistas realizadas a 16 jóvenes de sectores populares que han egresado de las llamadas “Escuelas de Reingreso” en las que se indagaron las formas en que ellos enunciaban su experiencia emocional, explorando lasfuentes de dicha emocionalidad. Respeto, entusiasmo y tranquilidad fueron lasformas enunciativas utilizadas para describir sus experiencias. Nuestra hipótesis es que el tipo de vínculos construidos con los docentes en el marco de un formato escolar particular genera una emocionalidad positiva, que permite resignificar la trayectoria escolar personal, reposicionarse frente a la institución escolar y potenciar su sensación de agencia, en términos de sentirse con mayores márgenes de control acerca de su propia vida, permitiéndole de este modo desplegar diferentes tipos de estrategias personales para su integración laboral, educativa y familiar.

  12. Mobility Experiences of Adolescents with Cerebral Palsy

    Science.gov (United States)

    Palisano, Robert J.; Shimmell, Lorie J.; Stewart, Debra; Lawless, John J.; Rosenbaum, Peter L.; Russell, Dianne J.

    2009-01-01

    The purpose of this study was to describe how youth with cerebral palsy experience mobility in their daily lives using a phenomenological approach. The participants were 10 youth with cerebral palsy, 17 to 20 years of age, selected using purposeful sampling with maximum variation strategies. A total of 14 interviews were completed. Transcripts…

  13. Orbito-Maxillofacial Cutaneous Anthrax

    African Journals Online (AJOL)

    and development of a black eschar were reviewed. Occupational history, falls and/or contact with animal meat was ... and oral ciprofloxacin (500mg BD for 21 days). The culture results isolated Bacillus anthracis highly ... The clinical evolution of cutaneous anthrax is typical with the initial development of minute red macules.

  14. La gamificación y el enriquecimiento de las prácticas de innovación en la empresa: un análisis de experiencias

    OpenAIRE

    Gallego Gomez, Cristina; Pablos Heredero, Carmen de

    2013-01-01

    Objeto: Descripción de las prácticas de gamificación en la empresa y análisis de su influencia en los resultados a través del estudio y comparación de experiencias. Diseño/metodología/enfoque: Análisis de experiencias desde diferentes teorías de empresa. Aportaciones y resultados: Mostrar a través de ejemplos reales que la utilización de la gamificación lleva a mejores resultados en las organizaciones. Limitaciones / implicaciones: Acceso a la información de los pocos casos aún ex...

  15. Factores pronósticos en la hemorragia cerebral intraparenquimatosa Prognosis factors in the cerebral intraparenchymal hemorrhage

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Osvaldo R Aguilera Pacheco

    2012-01-01

    Full Text Available Se realizó un estudio descriptivo y prospectivo de 116 pacientes con hemorragia cerebral intraparenquimatosa, comprobada a través de la tomografía axial computarizada, con vistas a precisar los factores pronósticos predeterminados y su influencia sobre la mortalidad en la casuística. Entre los principales resultados sobresalió el predominio de los grupos de 41-50 y 51-60 años (57,7 % entre ambos, la hipertensión arterial como antecedente patológico personal (79,3 %, así como la ocurrencia de hemorragias en los hemisferios cerebrales (45,6 %. En la serie, 49,1 % de sus integrantes presentaban hematomas con volumen de hasta 30 mL y 7,7 % con el doble de ese contenido. Se observó una relación directa entre el volumen de sangre en el parénquima cerebral por encima de 60 mL y el pronóstico final de los afectados.A descriptive and prospective study of 116 patients with cerebral intraparenchymal hemorrhage, shown through the computerized axial tomography (CAT was carried out, aimed at specifying the predetermined prognosis factors and their influence on the mortality in the case material. Among the main results there were: the prevalence of the 41-50 and 51-60 year groups (57,7 % between both, hypertension as personal pathological history (79,3%, as well as the occurrence of hemorrhages in the cerebral hemispheres (45,6 %. In the series, 49,1 % of the patients presented haematomas with volume of up to 30 mL and 7,7 % with the double of that content. A direct relation was observed between the blood volume in the cerebral parenchyma above 60 mL and the final prognosis of those affected.

  16. Asymptomatic cerebral infarction examined by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Ohsawa, Tamiko; Matsubara, Etsuro; Shoji, Mikio; Okamoto, Koichi; Hirai, Shunsaku

    1994-01-01

    To find the real incidence and risk factors in asymptomatic cerebral infarction, a retrospective review was made on magnetic resonance (MR) images, which were obtained from 713 outpatients seen at the Geriatrics Research Institute Hospital between March and November of 1990. The criteria for asymptomatic cerebral infarction are: high signal intensity areas larger than 3 mm in diameter on T2-weighted image; no history of stroke; no neurological and psychological signs or symptoms with or without subjective symptoms. Symptomatic cerebral stroke was defined as stroke episodes associated with neurological signs and infarction lesions on CT or MR imaging. Of a total of 713 patients, 215 (30.2%) had symtomatic cerebral infarction and 384 (53.9%) had no cerebral lesions. The incidence of asymptomatic cerebral infarction increased with aging. Cerebral risk factors, i.e. hypertension, atrial fibrillation, and diabetes mellitus, were more significantly common in both symptomatic and asymptomatic groups than the normal control group. In the group of asymptomatic patients, T2-weighted images showed hyperintensity in the corona radiata in 60.9%, in the frontal lobe in 32.1%, in the semioval center in 28.8%, and in the basal ganglia in 23.7%. Periventricular hyperintensity was present in 124 of all 713 patients (17.4%). Common complaints in asymptomatic patients were headache (40.0%), dizziness (14.4%), and neck muscle contraction (9.8%). In conclusion, MR imaging may contribute to manage asymptomatic patients. (N.K.)

  17. Asymptomatic cerebral infarction examined by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Ohsawa, Tamiko; Matsubara, Etsuro; Shoji, Mikio; Okamoto, Koichi; Hirai, Shunsaku [Gunma Univ., Maebashi (Japan). School of Medicine

    1994-02-01

    To find the real incidence and risk factors in asymptomatic cerebral infarction, a retrospective review was made on magnetic resonance (MR) images, which were obtained from 713 outpatients seen at the Geriatrics Research Institute Hospital between March and November of 1990. The criteria for asymptomatic cerebral infarction are: high signal intensity areas larger than 3 mm in diameter on T2-weighted image; no history of stroke; no neurological and psychological signs or symptoms with or without subjective symptoms. Symptomatic cerebral stroke was defined as stroke episodes associated with neurological signs and infarction lesions on CT or MR imaging. Of a total of 713 patients, 215 (30.2%) had symtomatic cerebral infarction and 384 (53.9%) had no cerebral lesions. The incidence of asymptomatic cerebral infarction increased with aging. Cerebral risk factors, i.e. hypertension, atrial fibrillation, and diabetes mellitus, were more significantly common in both symptomatic and asymptomatic groups than the normal control group. In the group of asymptomatic patients, T2-weighted images showed hyperintensity in the corona radiata in 60.9%, in the frontal lobe in 32.1%, in the semioval center in 28.8%, and in the basal ganglia in 23.7%. Periventricular hyperintensity was present in 124 of all 713 patients (17.4%). Common complaints in asymptomatic patients were headache (40.0%), dizziness (14.4%), and neck muscle contraction (9.8%). In conclusion, MR imaging may contribute to manage asymptomatic patients. (N.K.).

  18. Relationship between Cnm-positive Streptococcus mutans and cerebral microbleeds in humans.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Miyatani, F; Kuriyama, N; Watanabe, I; Nomura, R; Nakano, K; Matsui, D; Ozaki, E; Koyama, T; Nishigaki, M; Yamamoto, T; Mizuno, T; Tamura, A; Akazawa, K; Takada, A; Takeda, K; Yamada, K; Nakagawa, M; Ihara, M; Kanamura, N; Friedland, R P; Watanabe, Y

    2015-10-01

    Cerebral hemorrhage has been shown to occur in animals experimentally infected with Streptococcus mutans carrying the collagen-binding Cnm gene. However, the relationship between cerebral microbleeds and oral hygiene, with a focus on Cnm gene-positive S. mutans infection, remains unclear. One hundred and thirty-nine subjects participated. The presence or absence of Cnm-positive S. mutans and its collagen-binding activity were investigated using saliva samples, and relationship with cerebral microbleeds detected on MRI investigated, including clinical information and oral parameters. Fifty-one subjects were identified as Cnm-positive S. mutans carriers (36.7%), with cerebral microbleeds being detected in 43 (30.9%). A significantly larger number of subjects carried Cnm-positive S. mutans in the cerebral microbleeds (+) group. S. mutans with Cnm collagen-binding ability was detected in 39 (28.1%) of all subjects, and the adjusted odds ratio for cerebral microbleeds in the Cnm-positive group was 14.4. Regarding the presence of cerebral microbleeds, no significant differences were noted in the number of remaining teeth, dental caries, or in classic arteriosclerosis risk factors. The occurrence of cerebral microbleeds was higher in subjects carrying Cnm-positive S. mutans, indicating that the presence of Cnm-positive S. mutans increases cerebral microbleeds, and is an independent risk for the development of cerebrovascular disorders. © 2015 John Wiley & Sons A/S. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.

  19. Probability of walking in children with cerebral palsy in Europe

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Beckung, E.; Hagberg, G.; Uldall, P.

    2008-01-01

    cerebral palsy, as well as to IQ level, active epilepsy, and severe visual and hearing impairment. Severe cerebral palsy, defined as both the inability to walk and an IQ of ...OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this work was to describe walking ability in children with cerebral palsy from the Surveillance of Cerebral Palsy in Europe common database through 21 years and to examine the association between walking ability and predicting factors. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Anonymous data...... on 10042 children with cerebral palsy born between 1976 and 1996 were gathered from 14 European centers; 9012 patients were eligible for the analyses. RESULTS: Unaided walking as the primary way of walking at 5 years of age was reported for 54%, walking with assistive devices was reported for 16...

  20. Database of normal human cerebral blood flow, cerebral blood volume, cerebral oxygen extraction fraction and cerebral metabolic rate of oxygen measured by positron emission tomography with {sup 15}O-labelled carbon dioxide or water, carbon monoxide and oxygen: a multicentre study in Japan

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Ito, Hiroshi [Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Akita Research Institute of Brain and Blood Vessels, Akita (Japan); Department of Nuclear Medicine and Radiology, Division of Brain Sciences, Institute of Development, Aging and Cancer, Tohoku University, 4-1 Seiryo-Machi, 980-8575, Aoba-Ku, Sendai (Japan); Kanno, Iwao [Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Akita Research Institute of Brain and Blood Vessels, Akita (Japan); Kato, Chietsugu [Department of Nuclear Medicine, Hokkaido University School of Medicine, Sapporo (Japan); Sasaki, Toshiaki [Cyclotoron Research Center, Iwate Medical University, Morioka (Japan); Ishii, Kenji [Positron Medical Center, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Tokyo (Japan); Ouchi, Yasuomi [Positron Medical Center, Hamamatsu Medical Center, Hamakita (Japan); Iida, Akihiko [Nagoya City Rehabilitation Center, Nagoya (Japan); Okazawa, Hidehiko [PET Unit, Research Institute, Shiga Medical Center, Moriyama (Japan); Hayashida, Kohei [Department of Radiology, National Cardiovascular Center, Suita, Osaka (Japan); Tsuyuguchi, Naohiro [Department of Neurosurgery, Osaka City University Medical School, Osaka (Japan); Ishii, Kazunari [Division of Imaging Research, Hyogo Institute for Aging Brain and Cognitive Disorders, Himeji, Hyogo (Japan); Kuwabara, Yasuo [Department of Radiology, Faculty of Medicine, Kyushu University, Fukuoka (Japan); Senda, Michio [Department of Image-based Medicine, Institute of Biomedical Research and Innovation, Kobe (Japan)

    2004-05-01

    Measurement of cerebral blood flow (CBF), cerebral blood volume (CBV), cerebral oxygen extraction fraction (OEF) and cerebral metabolic rate of oxygen (CMRO{sub 2}) by positron emission tomography (PET) with oxygen-15 labelled carbon dioxide (C{sup 15}O{sub 2}) or {sup 15}O-labelled water (H{sub 2}{sup 15}O), {sup 15}O-labelled carbon monoxide (C{sup 15}O) and {sup 15}O-labelled oxygen ({sup 15}O{sub 2}) is useful for diagnosis and treatment planning in cases of cerebrovascular disease. The measured values theoretically depend on various factors, which may differ between PET centres. This study explored the applicability of a database of {sup 15}O-PET by examining between-centre and within-centre variation in values. Eleven PET centres participated in this multicentre study; seven used the steady-state inhalation method, one used build-up inhalation and three used bolus administration of C{sup 15}O{sub 2} (or H{sub 2}{sup 15}O) and {sup 15}O{sub 2}. All used C{sup 15}O for measurement of CBV. Subjects comprised 70 healthy volunteers (43 men and 27 women; mean age 51.8{+-}15.1 years). Overall mean{+-}SD values for cerebral cortical regions were: CBF=44.4{+-}6.5 ml 100 ml{sup -1} min{sup -1}; CBV=3.8{+-}0.7 ml 100 ml{sup -1}; OEF=0.44{+-}0.06; CMRO{sub 2}=3.3{+-}0.5 ml 100 ml{sup -1} min{sup -1}. Significant between-centre variation was observed in CBV, OEF and CMRO{sub 2} by one-way analysis of variance. However, the overall inter-individual variation in CBF, CBV, OEF and CMRO{sub 2} was acceptably small. Building a database of normal cerebral haemodynamics obtained by the{sup 15}O-PET methods may be practicable. (orig.)