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Sample records for morte northwestern spain

  1. Multivariate statistical analysis of precipitation chemistry in Northwestern Spain

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Prada-Sanchez, J.M.; Garcia-Jurado, I.; Gonzalez-Manteiga, W.; Fiestras-Janeiro, M.G.; Espada-Rios, M.I.; Lucas-Dominguez, T.

    1993-01-01

    149 samples of rainwater were collected in the proximity of a power station in northwestern Spain at three rainwater monitoring stations. The resulting data are analyzed using multivariate statistical techniques. Firstly, the Principal Component Analysis shows that there are three main sources of pollution in the area (a marine source, a rural source and an acid source). The impact from pollution from these sources on the immediate environment of the stations is studied using Factorial Discriminant Analysis. 8 refs., 7 figs., 11 tabs

  2. Multivariate statistical analysis of precipitation chemistry in Northwestern Spain

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Prada-Sanchez, J.M.; Garcia-Jurado, I.; Gonzalez-Manteiga, W.; Fiestras-Janeiro, M.G.; Espada-Rios, M.I.; Lucas-Dominguez, T. (University of Santiago, Santiago (Spain). Faculty of Mathematics, Dept. of Statistics and Operations Research)

    1993-07-01

    149 samples of rainwater were collected in the proximity of a power station in northwestern Spain at three rainwater monitoring stations. The resulting data are analyzed using multivariate statistical techniques. Firstly, the Principal Component Analysis shows that there are three main sources of pollution in the area (a marine source, a rural source and an acid source). The impact from pollution from these sources on the immediate environment of the stations is studied using Factorial Discriminant Analysis. 8 refs., 7 figs., 11 tabs.

  3. Tularemia Outbreaks and Common Vole (Microtus arvalis) Irruptive Population Dynamics in Northwestern Spain, 1997-2014.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Luque-Larena, Juan José; Mougeot, François; Roig, Dolors Vidal; Lambin, Xavier; Rodríguez-Pastor, Ruth; Rodríguez-Valín, Elena; Anda, Pedro; Escudero, Raquel

    2015-09-01

    During the last decades, large tularemia outbreaks in humans have coincided in time and space with population outbreaks of common voles in northwestern Spain, leading us to hypothesize that this rodent species acts as a key spillover agent of Francisella tularensis in the region. Here, we evaluate for the first time a potential link between irruptive vole numbers and human tularemia outbreaks in Spain. We compiled vole abundance estimates obtained through live-trapping monitoring studies and official reports of human tularemia cases during the period 1997-2014. We confirm a significant positive association between yearly cases of tularemia infection in humans and vole abundance. High vole densities during outbreaks (up to 1000 voles/hectare) may therefore enhance disease transmission and spillover contamination in the environment. If this ecological link is further confirmed, the apparent multiannual cyclicity of common vole outbreaks might provide a basis for forecasting the risk of tularemia outbreaks in northwestern Spain.

  4. Connecting endangered brown bear subpopulations in the Cantabrian Range (north-western Spain)

    Science.gov (United States)

    M. C. Mateo-Sanchez; Samuel Cushman; S. Saura

    2014-01-01

    The viability of many species depends on functional connectivity of their populations through dispersal across broad landscapes. This is particularly the case for the endangered brown bear in north-western Spain, with a total population of about 200 individuals in two subpopulations that are separated by a wide gap with low permeability. Our goal in this paper...

  5. Leech presence on Iberian Brown Frog, Rana iberica, (Amphibia: Anura: Ranidae from north-western Spain

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    César Ayres

    2008-12-01

    Full Text Available The authors describe a case of parasitism on Rana iberica by two species of leeches, Batracobdella sp. and Hirudo medicinalis, in a mountainous area of north-western Spain. Conservation implications of high parasite load on small and isolated populations are discussed.

  6. Aquatic Coleoptera assemblages in protected wetlands of North-western Spain

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    Amaia Pérez-Bilbao

    2014-02-01

    Full Text Available Wetlands are diverse and productive ecosystems endangered by human pressure, which degradation implies a biodiversity loss worldwide. Among the biological assemblages of these habitats, aquatic Coleoptera is one of the most diverse and useful groups when assessing the ecological conditions of the ecosystems they inhabit. The aims of the present study were to analyze the diversity and composition of aquatic Coleoptera assemblages in 24 wetlands protected by the Natura 2000 network of North-western Spain and the influence of environmental variables on the distribution of species, in order to detect differences between the different types of standing water habitats. A total of 11,136 individuals of 105 species belonging to 12 families of aquatic Coleoptera (Gyrinidae, Haliplidae, Noteridae, Paelobiidae, Dytiscidae, Helophoridae, Hydrochidae, Hydrophilidae, Hydraenidae, Scirtidae, Elmidae and Dryopidae were collected. In general, wetlands presented high richness and diversity values, Dytiscidae and Hydrophilidae having the highest species richness. Most of recorded species have a wide biogeographical distribution and only 12 endemic ones were captured. Cluster and Non-Metric Multi-Dimensional Scaling (NMDS analyses showed the clustering of the studied ponds and lagoons in four groups based on biological data. In general, the wetlands of each group seem to have distinct aquatic Coleoptera faunas, as showed by the most representative species. A combination of altitude, SST and hydroperiod was the best explaining factor of the distribution of the species throughout the study area. This study shows the high biodiversity of standing water habitats in North-western Spain and the usefulness of water beetles in establishing habitat typologies.

  7. Amount and distribution of coarse woody debris in pine ecosystems of north-western Spain, Russia and the United States

    Science.gov (United States)

    Celia Herrero; Olga Krankina; Vicente J. Monleon; Felipe. Bravo

    2014-01-01

    The quantity and characteristics of coarse woody debris (CWD) were examined in four distinct pine ecosystems of north-western (NW) Spain, NW Russia and the NW USA. Despite differences in species, ecological conditions and management histories, in all four ecosystems the mean snag volume was less than that of logs, most of the CWD mass was in an intermediate degree of...

  8. A batuta da morte a orquestrar a vida

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    Altair Macedo Lahud Loureiro

    Full Text Available Com colocações de outros estudiosos da morte, teço e apresento apontamentos rápidos sobre a morte a organizar a vida. Esposo a idéia da necessidade da morte para que a vida tenha sentido nesta busca humana da completude. Endereço o olhar para uma situação especial de relação com a morte: a reação dos que ficam ao presenciar e sentir a morte de um dos seus idosos; daquele familiar, ou não, que assume o seu cuidado e acompanha o seu fim iminente; que presencia, humanamente impotente, a hora da solitária partida. Solitária morte, pois que exclusiva, própria daquele idoso do qual cuidava, do seu fim natural, por ser humano.

  9. A ABOLIÇÃO DA MORTE NA MODERNIDADE

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    Luís Cláudio Ferreira Silva

    2011-06-01

    Full Text Available Certeza única que se tem na vida, a morte é um assunto afastado das rodas sociais, tornou-se um tabu, e procura-se, o menos possível, falar ou pensar nela. Diz-se que o maior dos sonhos dos seres humanos é viver eternamente, ou seja, banir a morte. Eliminá-la seria o maior dos feitos humanos. Contudo, algumas culturas, como a mexicana, por exemplo, cultuam a morte e tem pensamentos que diferem daqueles do senso comum moderno. Algumas sociedades ao longo do tempo também tiveram uma relaçáo mais próxima com ela: aceitaçáo. Os filósofos existencialistas, notadamente Jean-Paul Sartre e Martin Heidegger afirmam que só perante a morte é que o ser humano elucida a vida. Entretanto, imagina-se, por um instante, como a sociedade moderna reagiria com o fim da morte, e consequentemente, com a vida eterna na terra. Seria um presente divino, como a humanidade sempre sonhou ou uma catástrofe total, visto que o ser - humano perderia aquilo que lhe fazia dar valor à vida como diziam os existencialistas? Nos romances As Intermitências da Morte de José Saramago, e A Desintegraçáo da Morte de Orígenes Lessa, a morte é abolida. Como a sociedade, baseada no capitalismo, conseguiria suportar uma superpopulaçáo? Haveria lugar para todas as pessoas? Quais os problemas que tal fato causaria na sociedade? O ser humano estaria preparado para viver eternamente? Sáo questões que se propõe responder no presente trabalho.

  10. Organochlorine contaminant and retinoid levels in blubber of common dolphins (Delphinus delphis) off northwestern Spain

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Tornero, Victoria; Borrell, Assumpcio; Aguilar, Alex; Forcada, Jaume; Lockyer, Christina

    2006-01-01

    The effect of age, sex, nutritive condition and organochlorine concentration on blubber retinoid concentrations was examined in 74 common dolphins incidentally caught off northwestern Spain. Age and blubber lipid content were strong determinants of the retinoid concentrations in males, while these variables did not account for the variation found in females. Retinoids were positively correlated with organochlorines in males and negatively in females. However, pollution levels were moderate and likely to be below threshold levels above that a toxicological response is to be expected. Thus, a cause-effect relationship between organochlorine and retinoid concentrations could not be properly established, and the observed correlation may be the result of an independent association of the two variables with age. Further research on the influence of the best predictor variables on retinoid dynamics is required to implement the use of retinoids as biomarkers of pollutant exposure in cetaceans. - Organochlorine contaminants and retinoids in common dolphins

  11. Weber, Simmel e a morte sem sentido

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    Cláudia Maria Guedes Joaquim

    2007-01-01

    uma relação que se apresenta mais problemática e carente de significado. Duas características fundamentais da modernidade apontadas por dois clássicos da teoria social, Weber e Simmel, apresentam pistas para se pensar a nova (in compreensão sobre a morte: os processos de racionalização e de individualização. A obra destes autores não necessariamente circunda o tema da morte; no entanto, seus diagnósticos da modernidade acabam por, conseqüentemente, apontar para a falta de sentido da morte do homem moderno. Por fim, escritos poucos conhecidos de Simmel, do final de sua vida, demonstram sua tentativa de buscar o significado perdido.

  12. Sussurros ao falar a morte: a significação da morte na senescência

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    Alba Sandra Alencar da Silva

    2013-10-01

    Full Text Available A presente pesquisa visa a promover o diálogo entre o pensar a morte e a compreensão da finitude humana, não em caráter pessimista, mas com o anseio de propor uma senescência bem sucedida. A partir do entendimento dos significados atribuídos à sua perecibilidade, o homem, em sua condição universal e singular, busca uma existência autêntica. Mesmo quando a pessoa cultiva valores espirituais, conceitos tais como a imortalidade da alma, não afastam o medo da morte.

  13. Mort Rainey's Split Personality in Secret Window

    OpenAIRE

    Sandjaya, Cynthya; Limanta, Liem Satya

    2013-01-01

    Psychological issue is the main issue discussed in David Koepp's Secret Window through its main character, Mort Rainey. Rainey's psychological struggle will be the main theme in this research. This thesis examines Rainey's split personality. Furthermore, in this study, we want to analyze the process of how Mort Rainey's personality splits into two different personalities. To meet the answer of this study, we will use the theory of Dissociative Identity Disorder with a support from Sigmund Fre...

  14. QUESTÕES SOBRE A PENA DE MORTE

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    SOUSA, L.N.

    2015-12-01

    Full Text Available Pelo menos, desde o Código de Hamurabi as punições para atos desviantes tem sido um foco de reflexão. Este trabalho encerra essa reflexão acerca de aspectos em torno do tema pena de morte. Além de feito político contra o crime, também seria um ato com fins vingativos, fundamentado na violação da dignidade humana, o que justifica a necessidade de haver uma rigorosa análise sobre tal questão, visando os argumentos lógicos, baseados na realidade social brasileira. Alguns estudos demonstram que a percepção da classe menos favorecida é que já existe, de certa forma, uma pena de morte informal no Brasil, praticada pela polícia ou grupos de extermínio. No entanto, diversos setores defendem a pena de morte em nome dos direitos humanos. O debate sobre o referido tema não deve limitar-se às questões relacionadas ao desenvolvimento moral individual, antes deve incluir também a análise de fatores históricos, culturais, econômicos, políticos e ideológicos. Este estudo tem como objetivo coletar dados bibliográficos, bem como dados sobre as opiniões que as pessoas em Campos dos Goytacazes têm sobre a pena de morte. A pesquisa feita é de caráter exploratório. Utilizaram-se as metodologias pertinentes a uma pesquisa bibliográfica. Foi realizada com moradores da cidade de Campos dos Goytacazes/RJ, especificamente com 40 jovens e adultos, de gênero masculino e feminino, com idades entre 18 e 48 anos, sendo a maioria mulheres. A coleta de dados foi feita através de questionários fechados, do tipo likert. Cerca de 48% da amostra concorda com a sentença pena de morte. As respostas quanto a não ter opinião formada sobre o assunto foram minoria, somando 20% ao todo, restando 32% de sujeitos que declararam ser contrários. Metade dos sujeitos não concordou que a sentença seria aplicada corretamente no Brasil. A minoria concordou que a lei teria uma aplicabilidade positiva no país. Aproximadamente 43% dos sujeitos pesquisados

  15. Morte : conceito, factores determinantes e sua previsibilidade

    OpenAIRE

    Mesquita, Inês Batista Marques

    2010-01-01

    Trabalho final de mestrado integrado em Medicina (Medicina Interna), apresentado à Faculdade de Medicina de Universidade de Coimbra INTRODUÇÃO: Actualmente o sistema de saúde e os profissionais de saúde são confrontados com situações de final da vida e com os dilemas éticos subjacentes à questão da morte encarando-a como um fracasso uma vez que estão formados para curar. As questões éticas sobre a morte, o moribundo ou o direito de autonomia do doente no final da vida são das áreas mais co...

  16. A impossibilidade de morrer e a desconstrução da morte

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    Jerônimo Milone

    2014-06-01

    Full Text Available http://dx.doi.org/10.5007/2176-8552.2015n18p41 Focando-se na questão da morte e da impossibilidade de morrer dentro do pensamento de Blanchot, este trabalho pretende ressaltar a importância desta temática fundamental ao debate ético-político. Salientando a influência de Levinas, e indiretamente a de Rosenzweig, tem-se por objetivo desvincular a abordagem da morte em Blanchot dos pensamentos de Heidegger, Hegel, e também de Bataille. Deste modo, orientar a questão para a relação da impossibilidade de morrer com a desconstrução da morte exposta por Derrida em seu Séminaire La peine de mort. E, por fim, demonstrar por que Blanchot excede os pensamentos tradicionais a respeito da morte e dirige-se a uma complexificação que o torna mais próximo à crítica da metafísica feita por Derrida.

  17. OPINIÃO PÚBLICA SOBRE A PENA DE MORTE

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    LAMONICA, L.C.R

    2015-12-01

    Full Text Available A teoria nos indica que existem muitas influências sobre a avaliação das pessoas acerca da pena de morte (MENIN, 2005; LARANJEIRAS, 2007. Autores reconhecem que os meios de comunicação instigam a população a desejar vingança, como se isso resolvesse o problema da violência (MELLO, 1999. Outros acreditam existir uma série de questões que precisam ser transformadas para que pensemos numa pena de morte, como: a segurança pública, o desemprego, o sistema prisional e as formas alternativas de punição (CRITSNELIS, 2009, também é possível encontrar autores que veem positivamente o emprego da pena de morte e seus argumentos tem caráter religioso, humanista, judicial e social (BARRETO, 1983. Este estudo tem como objetivo identificar, ainda que em pequena esfera, o que as pessoas em Campos pensam sobre a pena de morte. Inicialmente uma pesquisa bibliográfica foi realizada. Elaborou-se um questionário objetivo composto de 3 perguntas. O público alvo foi Homens e Mulheres maiores de 18 anos, abordados nas imediações do ISECENSA, sendo um total de 40 pessoas. Posteriormente os dados foram tabulados gerando as informações da pesquisa. Perguntamos aos participantes se eles concordavam que é possível haver a reabilitação do ser humano e obtivemos que 75% concordavam que é possível. Aproximadamente 20% discordavam, não plenamente, mas acreditavam que raras vezes era possível a reabilitação. O restante não tinha uma opinião sobre a questão. 60% (a maioria das pessoas concordaram que a reforma das leis resolveria o problema da violência, outros 15% não chegaram a uma conclusão sobre a determinada pergunta e 25% dos entrevistados discordam. Cerca de 30% concordaram com a pena de morte, aproximadamente 20% não tinham pensado no assunto e os 45%, maioria, discordaram que a pena de morte é uma lei necessária no Brasil. Como dado mais expressivo, ressaltamos que a maior parte das pessoas abordadas acreditam que é poss

  18. Spinocerebellar ataxia 36 (SCA36): «Costa da Morte ataxia».

    Science.gov (United States)

    Arias, M; García-Murias, M; Sobrido, M J

    To describe the history of the discovery of SCA36 and review knowledge of this entity, which is currently the most prevalent hereditary ataxia in Galicia (Spain) owing to a founder effect. SCA36 is an autosomal dominant hereditary ataxia with late onset and slow progression. It presents with cerebellar ataxia, sensorineural hearing loss, and discrete motor neuron impairment (tongue atrophy with denervation, discrete pyramidal signs). SCA36 was first described in Japan (Asida River ataxia) and in Galicia(Costa da Morte ataxia). The condition is caused by a genetic mutation (intronic hexanucleotide repeat expansion) in the NOP56 gene on the short arm of chromosome 20 (20p13). Magnetic resonance image study initially shows cerebellar vermian atrophy that subsequently extends to the rest of the cerebellum and finally to the pontomedullary region of the brainstem without producing white matter lesions. Peripheral nerve conduction velocities are normal, and sensorimotor evoked potential studies show delayed conduction of stimuli to lower limbs. In patients with hearing loss, audiometric studies show a drop of >40dB in frequencies exceeding 2,500Hz. Auditory evoked potential studies may also show lack of waves I and II. Costa da Morte ataxia or SCA36 is the most prevalent SCA in the Spanish region of Galicia. Given the region's history of high rates of emigration, new cases may be diagnosed in numerous countries, especially in Latin America. Genetic studies are now available to patients and asymptomatic carriers. Since many people are at risk for this disease, we will continue our investigations aimed at elucidating the underlying pathogenic molecular mechanisms and discovering effective treatment. Copyright © 2014 Sociedad Española de Neurología. Publicado por Elsevier España, S.L.U. All rights reserved.

  19. SUBJETIVIDADE E ENFRENTAMENTO DA MORTE: CONSTRUINDO GESTÃO DE PESSOAS NA COTIDIANIDADE

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    Caroline Bastos Capaverde

    Full Text Available RESUMO O presente estudo objetivou compreender como são pensadas e construídas práticas de trabalho e de gestão de pessoas na cotidianidade de um local onde o trabalho exige enfrentamento com a morte. Esse é um estudo qualitativo. Foi realizado o acompanhamento da rotina de 4 agentes funerários, 1 diretor de plantão, 1 gerente administrativo e 1 maquiadora necrotérica em seu contexto de trabalho em uma empresa funerária de pequeno porte em Porto Alegre. Para a coleta de dados foram utilizadas técnicas etnográficas (CAVEDON, 2003, sendo a interpretação realizada por meio de análise de conteúdo (MINAYO, 2010. Os achados foram agrupados em quatro categorias que, entende-se, integram o processo de subjetivação do fazer/saber diante da morte: 1 redimensionando as certezas; 2 os saberes no/do trabalho frente à ressignificação da morte; 3 ser trabalhador atravessado pela representação da morte em sociedade; e 4 gestão se configurando no contexto da morte. Vimos que esses profissionais criam, reinventam suas maneiras de fazer, a partir de um processo de ressignificar e naturalizar a morte, sendo o ambiente organizacional, em consonância com Certeau (2008, um espaço onde trabalhadores fazem a gestão do seu cotidiano e de si mesmos com seus próprios significados.

  20. La “morte digitale”, le nuove forme di commemorazione del lutto online e il ripensamento delle idee di morte e d’immortalità

    OpenAIRE

    Ziccardi, Giovanni

    2017-01-01

    SOMMARIO: 1. Premessa: la “morte digitale” - 2. Le piattaforme tecnologiche, il diritto e la gestione degli utenti defunti - 3. La morte “in diretta” e la condivisione online del lutto - 4. Il fenomeno dei selfie funerari - 5. Le cerimonie funebri trasmesse in live streaming - 6. L’evoluzione del lutto: da offline a online - 7. Il ripensamento collettivo in corso - 8. L’immortalità tecnologica - 9. Il problema della “dipendenza” e della “confusione” - 10. Alcune considerazioni conclusive....

  1. La “morte digitale”, le nuove forme di commemorazione del lutto online e il ripensamento delle idee di morte e d’immortalità

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Giovanni Ziccardi

    2017-05-01

    Full Text Available SOMMARIO: 1. Premessa: la “morte digitale” - 2. Le piattaforme tecnologiche, il diritto e la gestione degli utenti defunti - 3. La morte “in diretta” e la condivisione online del lutto - 4. Il fenomeno dei selfie funerari - 5. Le cerimonie funebri trasmesse in live streaming - 6. L’evoluzione del lutto: da offline a online - 7. Il ripensamento collettivo in corso - 8. L’immortalità tecnologica - 9. Il problema della “dipendenza” e della “confusione” - 10. Alcune considerazioni conclusive.

  2. O significado da morte para adolescentes, adultos e idosos

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    Caroline Garpelli Barbosa

    2011-08-01

    Full Text Available Apesar do aumento na quantidade de trabalhos que visam a abordar a morte como tema de investigação, observa-se que ainda prevalece a interdição do assunto morte, dificultando que ela seja abordada e discutida. Este estudo buscou ampliar a compreensão de como pessoas, em diferentes etapas desenvolvimentais, lidam com perdas e com a própria finitude. Para isso, 7 adolescentes, 14 adultos de meia-idade e 10 idosos foram entrevistados, e os dados foram compreendidos mediante análise de conteúdo. Entre os participantes, os adultos foram os que mostraram mais aflição e inquietação, ao falarem sobre a própria finitude e sobre a possibilidade da morte de pessoas queridas. Os adolescentes abordaram-na como um acontecimento distante e impessoal, enquanto os idosos se referiram a ela com maior proximidade e aceitação. Sugere-se a realização de estudos que aprofundem tais compreensões, relacionando-as às diferentes religiões, classes sociais e experiências com perdas.

  3. Les nombreuses morts de la science-fiction : une polémique

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    Roger Luckhurst

    2013-04-01

    Full Text Available L’un des éléments notables de la critique de SF est la répétition constante de déclarations suggérant la mort imminente du genre. De la critique universitaire aux colonnes de revue, la menace de la mort de la SF est un motif persistant. La proposition polémique de cet article est que ces récits inspirés par une peur panique ne tentent pas de retarder cette mort, mais ne désirent en fait rien d’autre. La SF se réjouit à la perspective de sa propre mort. Pour défendre cette idée, cet article se penche sur la manière dont la SF se « légitime » elle-même suivant les critères qui proviennent de l’art « élevé ». En acceptant ces critères, la SF accepte l’assimilation du générique avec le « bas », et doit donc procéder de se « tuer » elle-même dans le but d’être considérée comme une littérature légitime. Dans les trois modes de légitimation qui sont étudiés, une insistance particulière est donnée aux récits de l’histoire de la SF qui postulent une espèce de moment mythique primordial de la SF comme indifférencié du courant général de la Littérature. Dans le fait que cette perspective de mort promet un retour à cet état, le désir de la SF est de « rétablir un état antérieur ». Ceci s’avère en fait correspondre exactement à la définition que Freud attribue à la pulsion de mort. L’article propose alors de suivre la logique curieuse des détours qui constituent la pulsion de mort de la SF.

  4. MORT: a safety management program developed for ERDA

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    1977-03-01

    ERDA's System Safety Development Center (SSDC) is located at the Idaho National Engineering Laboratory under the EG and G Idaho, Inc., contract administered by the Idaho Operations Office. The SSDC performs a variety of tasks for ERDA's Division of Safety, Standards, and Compliance, for the purpose of improvement and application of safety program elements. Primary among these tasks are development and demonstration of new methodologies, training, consultation, and technical writing. This information package (ERDA 77-38) is an example of the later task, aimed at communicating to a general audience the nature and purpose of major features of the Management Oversight and Risk Tree (MORT) program. The SSDC also originates a guideline series of monographs (the ERDA 76-45 series) for individuals who desire more specific explanations of the MORT program

  5. Um Novo Indice de Doppler Tecidual para Prever Morte Cardiaca em Pacientes com Insuficiencia Cardiaca

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    Cristian Mornos

    2014-01-01

    Full Text Available Fundamento: Foi demonstrado que um novo índice de Doppler Tecidual, E/(E'×S', incluindo a proporção entre a velocidade diastólica precoce transmitral e a do anel mitral (E/E', e a velocidade sistólica do anel mitral (S', tem uma boa precisão como preditor da pressão de enchimento do ventrículo esquerdo. Objetivo: Investigar o valor de E/(E'×S' para prever a morte cardíaca em pacientes com insuficiência cardíaca. Métodos: Foi realizado sucessivamente o ecocardiograma em 339 pacientes hospitalizados com insuficiência cardíaca, em ritmo sinusal, após tratamento médico adequado, no momento e um mês depois da alta. O agravamento de E/(E'×S' foi definido como um aumento do valor padrão. O ponto final foi a morte cardíaca. Resultados: Durante o período de acompanhamento (35,2 ± 8,8 meses, ocorreu a morte cardíaca em 51 pacientes (15%. O melhor valor mínimo para E/(E'× S' inicial na previsão da morte cardíaca foi de 2,83 (76% de sensibilidade, 85% de especificidade. No momento da alta, 252 pacientes (74,3% apresentaram E/(E'×S' ≤ 2,83 (grupo I, e 87 (25,7% apresentaram E/(E'×S' > 2,83 (grupo II, respectivamente. A morte cardíaca foi significativamente maior no grupo II em relação ao grupo I (38 mortes, 43,7% contra 13 mortes, 5,15%, p 2,83 no momento da alta e com um agravamento após um mês apresentaram o pior prognóstico (todos p < 0,05. Conclusão: Em pacientes com insuficiência cardíaca a relação E/(E'×S' é um poderoso preditor da morte cardíaca, especialmente quando esta estiver associada com o seu agravamento.

  6. Sobre a morte da cobaya consecutiva á dupla Vagotomia

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    Miguel Ozorio de Almeida

    1920-01-01

    Full Text Available 1. A secção dos vagos na cobaya produza morte em prazos que variam de meia hora a algumas horas. 2. A morte se dá por intensas lesões pulmonares, caracterisadas por congestão e edema. 3. As cobayas introduzidas em camaras em que a atmosphera tem altas tensões de gaz carbonico, caem anesthesiadas ao fim de alguns segundos, seguindo-se logo depois a morte. Na autopsia, se encontram lesões pulmonares muito semelhantes ás que se verificam nas cobayas vagotomisadas. 4. Nas cobayas profundamente anesthesiadas pelo chloral, a sobrevida á vagotomia é muito maior que nas cobayas não anesthesiadas. Nesses casos a morte muitas vezes se dá quando o animal vem a despertar da anesthesia. 5. Foram feitas novas experiencias que demonstram produzir a novocaina uma interrupção completa de todas as fórmas de conductibilidade dos nervos. 6. Quando se produz a secção physiologica pela novocaina dos vagos na cobaya, observam-se modificações do typo respiratorio que se caracterisam por diminuição consideravel da frequencia e augmento da amplitude. A respiração não apresenta porém, o typo francamente dyspneico, istoé, ella não se faz com difficuldade. 7. A secção physiologia dos pneumogastricos permitte uma sobrevida muito maior que a secção cirurgica. 8. A morte nas condições da conclusão precedente se dá pelas mesmas lesões pulmonares que se encontram habitualmente depois de secção cirurgica, mas é produzida unicamente pela irritação dos pneumogastricos exercida pelas gotteiras de borracha e pelo algodão, depois que a novocaina é absorvida e que se dissipa a anesthesia local. 9. Quando se operam as secções dos vagos com irritações variaveis as sobrevidas são differentes. 10. A sangria immediata não tem effeito sobre o tempo de vida da cobaya vagotomisada. 11. A sangria tardia parece augmentar ligeiramente essa sobrevida. Todos os factos expostos neste trabalho demonstram: 1 De um lado a irritação sem secção dos

  7. Violência e mortes por causas externas

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Graciete Oliveira Vieira

    2003-02-01

    Full Text Available Através de um estudo ecológico caracterizou-se a violência e as mortes por causas externas em Salvador e Bahia utilizando-se dados da Fundação Nacional de Saúde-Ministério da Saúde, dos registros de mortalidade e das estimativas populacionais do IBGE. O risco de morrer por homicídio no Brasil é 3 vezes o do Estados Unidos, chegando a ser 40 vezes superior ao do Japão. Homicídio foi a primeira causa de anos potenciais de vidas perdidos (13,4% no Brasil (1997, seguido por acidentes de trânsito (10,6%. Causas externas foi a segunda causa de morte em Salvador e Bahia (1996. A violência tem raízes sócio-culturais e político-ideológicas e pode ser prevenida por ações intersetoriais e multidisciplinares.

  8. Tabulador de causas múltiplas de morte Multiple causes- of-death tabulator

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Augusto H. Santo

    1999-08-01

    Full Text Available O uso de causas múltiplas de morte vem sendo atualmente preconizado para descrever e analisar os determinantes patológicos da mortalidade em populações, como complemento ao uso tradicional da causa básica de morte. O estudo das causas múltiplas pode realizar-se por meio da apresentação de todas as menções das causas básicas e associadas de morte e por meio de associações de causas. Um programa para microcomputador foi desenvolvido para processar bancos de dados contendo as causas de morte informadas no Modelo Internacional de Atestado Médico de Causa de Morte, denominado Tabulador de Causas Múltiplas, que gera uma tabela matriz a partir da qual podem ser derivadas as demais formas de apresentação e análise, além de poder ser usado como instrumento de crítica dos dados de mortalidade.The use of multiple-causes-of-death is currently being recommended in order to describe and analyze the pathological determinants of mortality in populations, as a supplement to the traditional use of the underlying cause of death. Multiple-causes-of-death can be studied by presenting all underlying and associated causes mentioned, and by means of associations of causes of death. Microcomputer software has been developed to process data files containing causes of death informed by physicians on the International Form of Medical Certificate of Causes of Death. The Multiple Cause of Death Tabulator software generates a matrix table from which the above forms of presentation and analysis can be achieved and mortality data be edited.

  9. Management Oversight and Risk Tree (MORT): a new system safety program

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Clark, J.L.

    Experiences of Aerojet Nuclear Company (ANC), in the development and implementation of a system safety program for ANC and for the Energy Research and Development Administration (ERDA) are discussed. Aerojet Nuclear is the prime operating contractor for ERDA, formerly AEC, at the Idaho National Engineering Laboratory. The ERDA sponsored ''MORT'' system safety program is described along with the process whereby formal system safety methods are incorporated into a stable organization. Specifically, a discussion is given of initial development of MORT; pilot program trials conducted at ANC; implementation methodology; and reaction of the ANC organization. (auth)

  10. A mosca e a panela: as formas da morte em A Montanha mágica

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    Pedro Caldas

    2015-01-01

    Full Text Available O objetivo deste artigo consiste em compreender o projeto de Thomas Mann em fazer de A montanha mágica um romance de formação. Para além da já consolidada interpretação de que esta obra é uma paródia do gênero Bildungsroman, gostaria de compreender em que sentido o livro é um aprendizado da vida através da experiência da morte. Com o propósito de elaborar esta questão, este artigo está baseado em quatro passagens de A montanha mágica em que a morte é um motivo destacado A partir da interpretação destas passagens, proponho a seguinte análise: ao menos nestas passagens escolhidas, é possível identificar três distintas formas para a morte: o rigor mortis, a bela morte e a morte do reino das sombras, uma alusão ao Canto XI da Odisseia, de Homero. É a partir do espelhamento entre estas passagens que se torna possível ver como há uma dimensão para além da paródia neste romance de formação, a saber: a plasticidade de toda forma.

  11. Causas básicas e associadas de morte por Aids, Estado de São Paulo, Brasil, 1998

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    Santo Augusto Hasiak

    2000-01-01

    Full Text Available OBJETIVOS: Descrever o padrão da mortalidade devida a Aids segundo causas básica e associadas de morte no Estado de São Paulo, em 1998. MÉTODOS: Os dados sobre a mortalidade e a população residente no Estado de São Paulo, SP, para 1998, foram obtidos na Fundação Sistema Estadual de Análise de Dados (Seade. As causas de morte foram codificadas pelas disposições da Décima Revisão da Classificação Estatística Internacional de Doenças e Problemas Relacionados à Saúde. Os registros de Aids como causa básica e associada de morte foram recuperados e revistos. RESULTADOS: A Aids foi a causa básica em 4.619 mortes, correspondendo à décima causa (2,0% e ao coeficiente de mortalidade de 13,1 por 100.000 habitantes. As razões das mortes e os respectivos coeficientes entre homens e mulheres foram de 2,4 e 2,5. A Aids foi a segunda causa entre os homens de 20 a 34 anos de idade e entre as mulheres de 25 a 34. A idade média ao morrer entre as mulheres (34,1±12,2 anos foi estatisticamente menor que a dos homens (36,4±10,7 anos -- p<0,001. As principais causas associadas em mortes por Aids foram a insuficiência respiratória (36,1%, pneumonias (27,0%, tuberculose (19,6%, septicemias (18,6%, toxoplasmose (12,2%, pneumonia por P. carinii (8,3% e caquexia (7,9%. A Aids apresentou-se como causa associada em outras 84 mortes. As principais causas básicas destas mortes foram neoplasias malignas (28/84, afecções devidas ao uso do álcool (23/84 e diabetes mellitus (7/84. A idade média ao morrer por Aids como causa básica (35,7±11,2 anos foi estatisticamente menor que a idade média nas mortes em que Aids foi mencionada como causa associada (39,9±11,8 anos -- p<0,001. CONCLUSÕES: As causas múltiplas de morte resgatam parcialmente a história natural da Aids e oferecem subsídios para medidas preventivas adequadas e específicas.

  12. HISTÓRIAS DE MORTE E LUTO: UM ESTUDO SÓCIOANTROPOLÓGICO DA VIVÊNCIA DA MORTE EM UM GRUPO OPERATIVO NO CRAS

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Andréia Santiago Sobreira Santos Souza

    2016-03-01

    Full Text Available O  presente  artigo  inicia  apresentando  uma  reflexão  sócioantropológica  sobre  a  relação  saúde  e  doença,  demonstrando  a  partir desses indicadores que a morte e luto, os quais queremos destacar, podem ser lidos através de múltiplos impulsionadores e bases epistemológicas. Aqui escolhemos a Antropologia e a Sociologia. Através da exposição de análises de textos dentro da abordagem sócio-antropológica  gostaríamos  de  reforçar  a  necessidade  desse  olhar  multidisciplinar,  destacando  seu  caráter  enriquecedor  e clareador para o estudo da morte e do luto. Para tanto, nos propomos a narrar uma vivência em um grupo operativo numa unidade de Centro de Referência em Assistência Social (CRAS, onde o assunto “morte” surgiu como fator disparador de experiências passadas, relacionadas a perdas e luto. A observação desse fenômeno coletivo nos instigou a refletir sobre a morte como uma construção social ainda atrelada a aspectos negativos e de superação (luto desafiadora, fora do âmbito de trabalho em saúde, necessariamente.

  13. Mort User's Manual: For use with the Management Oversight and Risk Tree analytical logic diagram

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Knox, N.W.; Eicher, R.W.

    1992-02-01

    This report contains the User's Manual for MORT (Management Oversight and Risk Tree), a logic diagram in the form of a work sheet'' that illustrates a long series of interrelated questions. MORT is a comprehensive analytical procedure that provides a disciplined method for determining the causes and contributing factors of major accidents. Alternatively, it serves as a tool to evaluate the quality of an existing system. While similar in many respects to fault tree analysis, MORT is more generalized and presents over 1500 specific elements of an ideal universal'' management program for optimizing environment, safety and health, and other programs. This User's Manual is intended to be used with the MORT diagram dated February 1992.

  14. Microsatellite variation in Donax trunculus from the Iberian Peninsula, with particular attention to Galician estuaries (NW Spain)

    Science.gov (United States)

    Nantón, A.; Arias-Pérez, A.; Freire, R.; Fernández-Pérez, J.; Nóvoa, S.; Méndez, J.

    2017-10-01

    Genetic variation and population structure information is essential for conservation and stock management policies. The wedge clam Donax trunculus is an important fishing resource in the Iberian Peninsula and in some areas, such as the northwestern Spain, wild stocks have decreased greatly. Despite this, information is mainly from the southwestern Atlantic to the northwestern Mediterranean of the Iberian Peninsula. In this study, fifteen microsatellite loci were examined at 17 localities along the Iberian Peninsula to characterize its genetic diversity and population structure. Particular attention was paid to the northwestern Atlantic area, and to test if the pattern previously described for this species is confirmed when localities distributed across the Atlantic coast are included and different microsatellite markers are used. All localities displayed similar allelic richness values and heterozygosity levels but when genetic diversity levels were compared among groups of localities, tests were significant and samples from the northwestern area (Galicia) showed the lowest values. The analysis of population structure indicated that localities from the Atlantic coast are genetically homogeneous although some samples showed significant pairwise Fst values. These values were low and Bayesian analysis of genetic differentiation did not show a consistent structure along the Atlantic coast of the Iberian Peninsula. However, Atlantic samples were genetically different from those located in Mediterranean coast, which may be explained by the existence of the Almeria-Oran front. Moreover, Fuengirola, locality situated in the Alboran Sea between the Strait of Gibraltar and Mediterranean Sea, showed significant differences from all remaining localities included in the study. Overall, the data showed the existence of genetic homogeneity along the Atlantic coast of the Iberian Peninsula and support the three management units (Atlantic Ocean, the Alboran Sea and the northwestern

  15. A MORTE E O MORRER NOS FILMES LOVE STORY E A CULPA É DAS ESTRELAS

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    Adilson Silva Oliveira

    2015-03-01

    Full Text Available Este texto apresenta breves considerações acerca da morte e do morrer, com base, sobremaneira, nos posicionamentos de Kübler-Ross (2012. A teoria está dividida em duas partes: significações da morte e do morrer para diferentes culturas e apresentação sucinta dos cinco estágios pelos quais passa um paciente terminal – negação/isolamento, raiva, barganha, depressão e aceitação. Analisam-se os filmes “Love story”, de Arthur Hiller, e “A culpa é das estrelas”, de Josh Boone, no tocante à temática da morte e do morrer.

  16. Conversando sobre a morte e o morrer na área da deficiência

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    Iracema Neno Cecilio Tada

    Full Text Available Nesta pesquisa, buscamos conhecer como a morte e o morrer são vivenciados em uma instituição que atende pessoas com paralisia cerebral, tendo em vista o falecimento de três crianças ali atendidas. Realizamos entrevistas semi-estruturadas, gravadas em áudio com os profissionais, procurando compreender como lidam com a morte, como elaboram o luto e como informaram aos seus pacientes sobre o falecimento dos colegas.

  17. New exposure ages for the Last Glacial Cycle in the Sanabria Lake region (northwestern Spain)

    Science.gov (United States)

    Rodríguez-Rodríguez, Laura; Jiménez-Sánchez, Montserrat; Domínguez-Cuesta, María Jose; Rinterknecht, Vincent; Pallàs, Raimon; Braucher, Régis; Bourlès, Didier; Valero-Garcés, Blas

    2013-04-01

    ., 2011. Last deglaciation in northwestern Spain: New chronological and geomorphologic evidence from the Sanabria region. Geomorphology 135, 48-65. Palacios, D., Andrés, N., Úbeda, J., Alcalá, J., Marcos, J., Vázquez-Selem, L., 2012. The importance of poligenic moraines in the paleoclimatic interpretation from cosmogenic dating. Geophysical Research Abstracts 14, EGU2012-3759-1. Pérez-Alberti, A., Valcárcel-Díaz, M., Martini, I.P., Pascucci, V., Andrucci, S., 2011. Upper Pleistocene glacial valley-junction sediments at Pias, Trevinca Mountains, NW Spain. In: Martini, I.P., French, H.M., Pérez-Alberti, A. (Eds.), Ice-Marginal and Periglacial Processes and Sediments. Geological Society (London) Special Publication 354, pp. 93-110. Research funded by the projects LIMNOCLIBER (REN2003-09130-C02-02), IBERLIMNO (CGL2005-20236-E/CLI), LIMNOCAL (CGL2006-13327-C04-01) and GRACCIE (CSD2007-00067) of the Spanish Inter-Ministry Commission of Science and Technology (CICYT). Additional funding was provided by the Fundación Patrimonio Natural de Castilla y León through the project "La investigacion en el Lago de Sanabria dentro del proyecto CALIBRE: perspectivas y posibilidades", and by the projects Consolider Ingenio 2006 (CSD2006-0041, Topo-Iberia), 2003 PIRA 00256, HF02.4, and RISKNAT (2009SGR520). L. Rodríguez-Rodríguez has developed her research under a Severo Ochoa Programme fellowship (FICYT- Asturias).

  18. L'au-delà ici-bas: la mort en Polynésie orientale

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    Emmanuel VIGNERON

    1987-09-01

    Full Text Available L'histoire polynésienne montre des espaces peuplés par la mort et les morts. Les journaux de voyageurs du XVIIIe et XIXe siècle ainsi que les récits de missionnaires donnent les clefs d'un au-delà visible par tous. La Polynésie française contemporaine, engagée dans une modernité qu'elle ne contrôle pas entièrement, en garde les traces.

  19. A percepção de residentes multiprofissionais da área da saúde sobre o processo de morte

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    Juliana Oliveira Perez

    2018-04-01

    Full Text Available A morte e o processo de morrer estão constantemente na rotina dos profissionais de saúde, porém, estes nem sempre estão preparados para lidar com estas questões. O objetivo do estudo é verificar a percepção dos profissionais residentes da área da saúde sobre a morte. Trata-se de uma pesquisa descritiva exploratória de abordagem quantitativa, realizada com 129 residentes em um hospital terciário, e contemplou nove profissões, com predominância feminina e idade média de 25 anos. Foi aplicada a Escala de Avaliação do Perfil de Atitudes Acerca da Morte (EAPAM. A maioria dos participantes apresentou aceitação neutra em relação à morte, seguido de aceitação religiosa. Em terceiro lugar está o medo da morte. Por último, o evitamento e a aceitação de escape tiveram resultado similar. O perfil de atitude do profissional em relação à morte pode contribuir com o desenvolvimento da Síndrome de Burnout, prejudicando sua saúde e qualidade do serviço prestado.

  20. G.M. counter and pre-determined dead time; Compteur G.M. et temps mort impose

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Lamotte, R; Le Baud, P [Commissariat a l' Energie Atomique, Saclay (France).Centre d' Etudes Nucleaires

    1959-07-01

    This paper is divided into two main parts. - The first section recalls the principle on which a G.M. counter works, and examines the factors which lead to inaccuracies in counting. The concept of dead time, although simple risen associated with the counter alone, becomes complicated as soon as an electronic dead time is introduced to meet the demands of a measurement or an experiment. The resulting dead time, due to the coexistence of these dead times created by a single motivating factor, shows up as a function of certain laws of probability. From the analysis of the various cases of possible combinations, the conditions which must be fulfilled by a system with pre-determined dead time may be determined. This leads to a method for measuring the dead time of a G.M. counter, and the possibility of studying the latter under the utilisation conditions foreseen. - In the second part the principle, construction and characteristics of two systems with pre-determined dead time are discussed. To conclude, a comparison of several experimental results justifies an extension of the possibilities of a G.M. counter used in conjunction with such a system. (author) [French] Deux parties essentielles scindent cet expose. - La premiere partie rappelle le principe de fonctionnement d'un compteur G.M. et examine les facteurs d'imprecisions affectant les comptages. La notion de temps mort, simple quand elle est associee au compteur seul, se complique des qu'intervient un temps mort electronique introduit pour les besoins d'une mesure ou d'une experience. Le temps mort resultant, du a la coexistence de ces temps morts engendres par une meme cause, se manifeste en fonction de certaines lois de probabilites. L'analyse des differents cas de combinaisons possibles permet de preciser les imperatifs auxquels doit repondre un systeme a temps mort impose. Il en decoule une methode de mesure du temps mort d'un compteur G.M. et la possibilite d'etudier celui-ci dans les conditions d

  1. AS METÁFORAS DA MORTE NA POESIA BRASILEIRA: UM ESTUDO À LUZ DA LINGUÍSTICA COGNITIVA

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Silvana Maria Calixto de Lima

    2016-01-01

    Full Text Available Neste artigo, a partir de uma visão sistematicamente cognitiva da metáfora, com base nos pressupostos da teoria da metáfora conceitual (LAKOFF; JOHNSON, 1980, 1999; LAKOFF; TURNER, 1989; LAKOFF, 1987,1993; KÖVECSES, 2005, apresentamos um inventário de dez metáforas conceituais usadas no licenciamento do conceito MORTE na construção de poesias de autores da literatura brasileira de diferentes escolas literária. O seu foco principal está na análise das relações das metáforas conceituais inventariadas com os diferentes modelos culturais que integram as construções textuais analisadas. Tal empreendimento possibilitou a identificação e descrição de diversificados modelos cognitivos/culturais subjacentes à construção do conceito MORTE, os quais, em linhas gerais, revelam tanto a concepção ocidental de morte como um fato inevitável da condição humana, quanto uma releitura dessa condição por meio da capacidade criativa dos poetas de (reapresentar a morte sob diferentes facetas nem sempre tão aterrorizantes, provavelmente numa tentativa de atenuar o terror que lhe é característico pela sua natureza de mistério.Palavras-chave: Metáfora conceitual. Conceito Morte. Poesia

  2. Aquiles e Mêmnon face à morte: um estudo da cena da Psicostasia na pintura da cerâmica ática

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    José Geraldo Costa Grillo

    2014-11-01

    Full Text Available O autor estuda as pinturas da cerâmica ática, com a representação da Psicostasia de Aquiles e Mêmnon, respon­dendo à questão do contexto, no interior do qual ela adquire sentido. Defende a ideia de que ela está imersa na esfera reli­giosa e ligada ao tema da morte, especificamente ao ideal he­roico da bela morte, o qual vem ser o meio de o guerreiro es­capar do fim que a morte representa, uma vez que esta morte heroica lhe permite permanecer vivo na memória de seu povo.

  3. O Processo de Morte na História de José o Carpinteiro

    OpenAIRE

    Gross, Eduardo

    2015-01-01

    Resumo: O presente texto analisa o apócrifo História de José o Carpinteiro a partir da descrição do processo de morte que este apresenta, traçando para isto paralelos com as fases por que passam pacientes terminais conforme retratadas por Elisabeth Kübler-Ross. Palavras-chave: Morte, José o carpinteiro, Kübler-Ross. Abstract: The present text analyses the apocriphal History of Joseph the Carpenter from the viewpoint of the description of the death process presented by it; in order to do that...

  4. OS VALORES-NOTÍCIA DA MORTE NO JORNAL CORREIO BRAZILIENSE: QUEM MERECE SER NOTÍCIA QUANDO MORRE?

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Fernanda Vasques Ferreira

    2014-12-01

    Full Text Available Este artigo se dedica à análise das notícias de morte publicadas no jornal Correio Braziliense relacionando-as com as rotinas produtivas. O estudo da produção de notícias de morte no respectivo jornal está fundamentado no seguinte problema: quais são os critérios para que as mortes, enquanto acontecimentos, tornem-se noticiáveis no jornal Correio Braziliense? Quem são os indivíduos que, ao morrer, merecem destaque no jornal? Essas respostas podem ser encontradas nos bastidores das notícias, nos valores-notícia aplicados para selecionar o que é notícia do que não é. O objetivo do estudo que se apresenta foi analisar, sob a luz das teorias do jornalismo, o processo de produção que leva à publicação das notícias de morte e qual o espaço que é dado a esses casos, sabendo que, em uma análise simplista, apresentam-se em duas instâncias: mortes que ganham destaque e mortes que não ganham destaque. O percurso metodológico compreende o material produzido pelo jornal Correio Braziliense durante duas semanas de setembro de 2013 à luz das teorias apresentadas por Mauro Wolf (2005 e dos estudos realizados por Nelson Traquina (2005 que discutem as teorias da comunicação e do jornalismo, especificamente, os estudos sobre newsmaking e critérios de noticiabilidade que estão diretamente relacionados aos processos que dizem respeito à seleção das notícias, contribuindo para o agendamento ou não desses conteúdos (casos de morte. A hipótese inicial se sustentou no fato de que existem vítimas merecedoras e vítimas não merecedoras de serem noticiadas no jornal mais lido do Distrito Federal.

  5. Homicídio, suicídio, morte acidental... 'O que foi que aconteceu?'

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Klarissa Almeida Silva Platero

    2017-12-01

    Full Text Available O artigo discute as práticas dos profissionais responsáveis por classificar uma morte como “homicídio”, suicídio”, “acidente” ou “morte natural” à luz de abordagens construtivistas que tratam dos processos de criminalização. São analisadas as receitas profissionais utilizadas pelo staff da perícia criminal na tipificação de ocorrências. A pesquisa foi realizada em 2012 com base na observação de 19 “perícias de local do crime” no Rio de Janeiro. Os resultados indicam que as práticas adotadas em casos de morte típicos são diferentes das receitas profissionais seguidas pelo mesmo staff nos casos de morte atípicos. Por isso, o trabalho da perícia parece pouco contribuir para a elucidação da autoria em casos típicos de mortes classificadas como homicídios. Os resultados demonstram a desigualdade social na investigação dos homicídios. The paper Homicide, Suicide, Accidental Death… `What Happened?` discusses state agent’s death classification practices as “homicide”, “suicide”, “accident” or “natural death” in the light of constructionist perspective that deals with criminalization processes. It analyzes officers and coroners’ practical action and practical reasoning and their typifications of the offense and the offender to account for what happened. Ethnographic research was developed based on the observation of nineteen "crime scene investigations" carried out by professionals from the Homicide Division of Rio de Janeiro. The results indicate that the reasoning and practices adopted in typical cases of death are different from the practical recipes followed by the staff in atypical cases of death. For this and others reasons theirs works does little to elucidate authorship in typical and more recurrent cases of deaths classified as homicides in Rio de Janeiro. The results demonstrate the social inequality in the homicide investigation.Keywords: criminal forensics, criminal

  6. Síndrome de Wolff-Parkinson-White e morte súbita

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Rafael Rafaini Lloret

    2010-06-01

    Full Text Available A síndrome de Wolff-Parkinson-White (WPW é a mais frequente das síndromes de pré-excitação caracterizadas por despolarização ventricular precoce e extranodal por meio de uma ou mais vias acessórias. Esta síndrome é considerada como fator de risco para o aparecimento de fibrilação atrial (FA pré-excitada (taquicardia com intervalo RR irregular e QRS largo. As vias anômalas podem apresentar períodos refratários curtos e a ocorrência de FA pode permitir uma despolarização ventricular muito rápida proporcionando a indução de fibrilação ventricular (FV e morte súbita. Paciente portador de taquicardia supraventricular paroxística com sintomas de baixo débito cardíaco e episódio de síncope, sem antecedentes de outras doenças ou morte súbita na família. Ao exame físico com coração em ritmo irregular taquicárdico, pulsos filiformes, FC = 180 bpm, PA = 80 x 50 mmHg. Eletrocardiograma (ECG neste momento: FA pré-excitada (QRS largo e intervalo RR irregular com alta resposta ventricular e risco de degeneração para FV e morte súbita. Submetido a cardioversão elétrica (360J para ritmo sinusal. ECG após alguns meses: taquicardia supraventricular com QRS estreito e intervalo RR regular (taquicardia reentrante ortodrômica revertida com adenosina 12 mg endovenosa e novo ECG demonstrando ritmo sinusal com intervalo PR curto e presença de onda delta (Wolff-Parkinson-White. Encaminhado para estudo eletrofisiológico (EEF e ablação por radiofreqüência de via acessória póstero-septal direita com sucesso (desaparecimento da onda delta no ECG, curado, assintomático e sem medicamentos. A eletrofisiologia cardíaca invasiva proporcionou avanços no conhecimento das arritmias com tratamento seguro, definitivo e evidente melhora na qualidade de vida e neste caso descrito, eliminando o risco de morte súbita.

  7. Falando de morte e da finitude no ambiente escolar: um estudo à luz do sentido da vida

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    Thiago Antonio Avellar de Aquino

    Full Text Available O presente estudo teve como objetivo identificar as concepções da morte e suas repercussões para o sentido da vida entre os adolescentes. Para tanto, foi efetuada uma pesquisa-ação para abordar o tema da finitude partindo da concepção de Viktor Frankl sobre o sentido da vida e da morte. Contou-se com a participação de 17 estudantes do terceiro ano do ensino médio, a maioria do sexo feminino (52,9%, com idade média de 17 anos e amplitude de 15 a 24 anos. Os resultados foram obtidos por meio de cinco intervenções em sala de aula. Cada intervenção teve a duração média de 45 minutos, constituindo-se de questionamentos acerca da morte, do morrer e do sentido da vida. Em seguida, as respostas dos participantes foram submetidas a uma análise de conteúdo. No que se refere às representações da morte, emergiram três categorias: pensamentos, sentimentos e crenças. Sobre a compreensão do sentido da vida, os adolescentes responderam em duas direções: os sentidos subjetivos e sentidos objetivos. Quando refletiram sobre a própria morte, as suas respostas foram classificadas em termos de três categorias valorativas: vivenciais, atitudinais e criativos. No que se refere à pergunta “Como seria a vida se ninguém morresse?”, foram observados os seguintes tipos de argumentos: valorização da vida, corrigir erros do passado, resposta tautológica, resposta religiosa e dialética vida-morte. Os resultados mostraram a importância de tratar sobre o tema da finitude no âmbito escolar.

  8. As crianças e o conceito de morte The concept of death in children

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    Deise Cardoso Nunes

    1998-01-01

    Full Text Available A maioria das pesquisas que estuda como as crianças elaboram o conceito de morte relacionam-no com o desenvolvimento cognitivo. No entanto, as experiências individuais da criança (Fávero e Salim, 1995 bem como a cultura, que coloca a sua disposição os aspectos formais que representam os eventos de cada sociedade (Bruner, 1990 e, portanto, também o evento da morte, têm sido reconhecidas como influências importantes na elaboração deste conceito. Com a finalidade de observar se essas influências estão presentes na elaboração da representação mental da morte, examinaram-se seis crianças pré-escolares, utilizando-se entrevistas semi-estruturadas. Também, seguindo a proposta de Fávero e Salim (1995, que entendem o desenho como uma atividade simbólica capaz de representar conteúdos mentais, pediu-se às crianças que desenhassem o que pensavam da morte. Os resultados do estudo mostram que, tanto a experiência da criança com relação à morte quanto as representações formais à disposição na cultura, estão presentes na elaboração conceitual que as crianças fazem da morte.Children’s concept of death has been related to cognitive development in the majority of studies dealing with this subject. However, children’s individual experiences (Fávero e Salim, 1995 as well as culture which formalizes events of each particular society (Bruner, 1990, among others the event of death, have been increasingly considered as important elements in the elaboration of children’s concept of death. Aiming at observing whether these influences are present in the elaboration of the mental representation of death, six preschoolers were examined using semi-structured interviews and drawings, following Fávero and Salim’s (1995 proposal of using drawings to represent mental contents. Children were asked to draw what they thought about death. Results showed that both the children’s experience and their formal representations given by culture

  9. A MORTE NA MARATONA: CELEBRAÇÃO DA VIDA

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    Rui Proença Garcia

    2010-01-01

    Full Text Available Neste breve ensaio os autores pretendem analisar a Maratona através de um marco teórico próximo da História das Religiões teorizada por Mircea Eliade e Julien Ries. Partem de uma possível ontologia da palavra Maratona, tentando compreender o seu significado na Grécia Antiga e na contemporaneidade. Analisaram a história da Maratona, os discursos de atletas, documentos escritos sobre esta competição desportiva, visionaram várias Maratonas em especial as de Londres e Nova Iorque, tendo concluído que na sua estrutura e nos seus comentários há símbolos religiosos que a aproximam de um ritual sagrado que tenta repetir o mito fundador. Na origem da Maratona está uma morte. Correr a Maratona e sobreviver significa ultrapassar a morte mítica, entrando-se numa condição humana superior, pelo que os concluem que correr ao Maratona o homem celebra a vida.

  10. O preparo dos acadêmicos de enfermagem brasileiros para vivenciarem o processo morte-morrer

    OpenAIRE

    Bernieri, Jamine; Hirdes, Alice

    2007-01-01

    Esta pesquisa teve como objetivo geral investigar o preparo dos acadêmicos de enfermagem frente à morte. A metodologia é de natureza qualitativa, realizada através de 15 entrevistas semi-estruturadas com acadêmicos de Enfermagem do sexto e sétimo semestres de uma instituição de ensino superior localizada no norte do Rio Grande do Sul. Os resultados apontam as dificuldades dos acadêmicos de enfermagem entrevistados em lidar com o processo morte-morrer dos pacientes assistidos em estágio; a dif...

  11. Critical environmental and genotypic factors for Fusarium verticillioides infection, fungal growth and fumonisin contamination in maize grown in northwestern Spain.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Cao, Ana; Santiago, Rogelio; Ramos, Antonio J; Souto, Xosé C; Aguín, Olga; Malvar, Rosa Ana; Butrón, Ana

    2014-05-02

    In northwestern Spain, where weather is rainy and mild throughout the year, Fusarium verticillioides is the most prevalent fungus in kernels and a significant risk of fumonisin contamination has been exposed. In this study, detailed information about environmental and maize genotypic factors affecting F. verticillioides infection, fungal growth and fumonisin content in maize kernels was obtained in order to establish control points to reduce fumonisin contamination. Evaluations were conducted in a total of 36 environments and factorial regression analyses were performed to determine the contribution of each factor to variability among environments, genotypes, and genotype × environment interactions for F. verticillioides infection, fungal growth and fumonisin content. Flowering and kernel drying were the most critical periods throughout the growing season for F. verticillioides infection and fumonisin contamination. Around flowering, wetter and cooler conditions limited F. verticillioides infection and growth, and high temperatures increased fumonisin contents. During kernel drying, increased damaged kernels favored fungal growth, and higher ear damage by corn borers and hard rainfall favored fumonisin accumulation. Later planting dates and especially earlier harvest dates reduced the risk of fumonisin contamination, possibly due to reduced incidence of insects and accumulation of rainfall during the kernel drying period. The use of maize varieties resistant to Sitotroga cerealella, with good husk coverage and non-excessive pericarp thickness could also be useful to reduce fumonisin contamination of maize kernels. Copyright © 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

  12. As metáforas da morte na poesia brasileira: um estudo à luz da linguística cognitiva

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    Silvana Maria Calixto de Lima

    2016-01-01

    Full Text Available Neste artigo, a partir de uma visão sistematicamente cognitiva da metáfora, com base nos pressupostos da teoria da metáfora conceitual (LAKOFF; JOHNSON, 1980, 1999; LAKOFF; TURNER, 1989; LAKOFF, 1987,1993; KÖVECSES, 2005, apresentamos um inventário de dez metáforas conceituais usadas no licenciamento do conceito MORTE na construção de poesias de autores da literatura brasileira de diferentes escolas literária. O seu foco principal está na análise das relações das metáforas conceituais inventariadas com os diferentes modelos culturais que integram as construções textuais analisadas. Tal empreendimento possibilitou a identificação e descrição de diversificados modelos cognitivos/culturais subjacentes à construção do conceito MORTE, os quais, em linhas gerais, revelam tanto a concepção ocidental de morte como um fato inevitável da condição humana, quanto uma releitura dessa condição por meio da capacidade criativa dos poetas de (reapresentar a morte sob diferentes facetas nem sempre tão aterrorizantes, provavelmente numa tentativa de atenuar o terror que lhe écaracterístico pela sua natureza de mistério.Palavras-chave: Metáfora conceitual. Conceito Morte. Poesia

  13. Delírios I – Agonia e experiência (jogos de vida e morte

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    Vinícius Nicastro Honesko

    2010-07-01

    Full Text Available O presente ensaio pretende expor uma idéia de agonia como jogo de vida e morte no qual imerge o artista no ato de criação. A partir das leituras e conceituações do termo jogo em Johan Huizinga e em Roger Caillois, mostra como tais idéias são importantes para compreender a experiência humana diante do incompreensível que é a morte. Aponta como a agonia inspira no poeta, principalmente na modernidade, uma distância em relação às certezas do conhecimento, implicando uma leitura etimológica do termo experiência, isto é, como ex periri, (aqui, também, jogo de vida e morte. Por fim, procura ver como os traços desse jogo – uma eterna luta – sutilmente se mostram nos pânicos de Murilo Mendes e de Paul Gauguin, artistas nos quais a consciência dessa luta é atravessada pela imagem do lugar por excelência da agonia: o Calvário.

  14. Molecular Investigation of Tularemia Outbreaks, Spain, 1997–2008

    Science.gov (United States)

    Ariza-Miguel, Jaime; Johansson, Anders; Fernández-Natal, María Isabel; Martínez-Nistal, Carmen; Orduña, Antonio; Rodríguez-Ferri, Elías F.; Hernández, Marta

    2014-01-01

    Tularemia outbreaks occurred in northwestern Spain in 1997–1998 and 2007–2008 and affected >1,000 persons. We assessed isolates involved in these outbreaks by using pulsed-field gel electrophoresis with 2 restriction enzymes and multilocus variable number tandem repeat analysis of 16 genomic loci of Francisella tularensis, the cause of this disease. Isolates were divided into 3 pulsotypes by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis and 8 allelic profiles by multilocus variable number tandem repeat analysis. Isolates obtained from the second tularemia outbreak had the same genotypes as isolates obtained from the first outbreak. Both outbreaks were caused by genotypes of genetic subclade B.Br:FTNF002–00, which is widely distributed in countries in central and western Europe. Thus, reemergence of tularemia in Spain was not caused by the reintroduction of exotic strains, but probably by persistence of local reservoirs of infection. PMID:24750848

  15. Tecnologia e "Morte Natural": o morrer na contemporaneidade Technology and "Natural Death": dying in contemporary society

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    Rachel Aisengart Menezes

    2003-12-01

    Full Text Available O desenvolvimento de técnicas voltadas ao prolongamento da vida acarretou mudanças significativas na concepção de morte. Este artigo analisa as representações contemporâneas da "morte natural" e sua relação com o uso de tecnologias médicas. Através de revisão bibliográfica, são examinadas as concepções de "morte natural" e de "morrer bem" construídas pelos diversos atores sociais envolvidos no processo do morrer. A literatura evidencia a construção contemporânea de um ideário e de uma trajetória necessários à realização do modelo da "boa morte". Esse modelo do "morrer bem" é construído em contraposição ao uso de técnicas para o prolongamento da vida. Estudos apontam a complexidade e ambivalência presentes no que seriam a morte natural ou não-natural, pois essas representações se encontram imbricadas com a concepção da "boa morte" como escolhida e produzida pelo doente. Deste modo, a tecnologia médica torna-se intrinsecamente constitutiva do "morrer natural".The development of techniques to prolong life has brought significant changes in the conceptualization of death. This article analyzes contemporary representations of "natural death" and their relationship to the use of medical technologies. Based on a literature review, the article examines the concepts of "natural death" and "dying well" constructed by the various social actors involved in the process of dying. The literature reveals the contemporary construction of a necessary set of ideals and pathway for achieving the model of a "good death". The "dying well" model is constructed in opposition to techniques for prolonging life. The studies point to the complexity and ambivalence of what is presented as "natural" versus "unnatural" death, since such representations are intertwined with the concept of a "good death" as that which is "chosen and produced" by the patient. Thus, medical technology becomes intrinsically constitutive for a "natural death".

  16. Processo de morte/morrer de pessoas com HIV/AIDS: perspectivas de enfermeiros

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    Rebeca Coelho de Moura Angelim

    2017-09-01

    Full Text Available Introdução: A AIDS ainda é uma doença com uma elevada taxa de óbitos, devendo os profissionais que atuam principalmente nos serviços de internamento estarem aptos a cuidar dos pacientes soropositivos, assim como estarem preparados para as perdas. Sendo assim, o objetivo deste estudo foi compreender as perspectivas de enfermeiros em relação ao processo de morte e morrer de pessoas que vivem com HIV/AIDS. Materiais e Métodos: Trata-se de um estudo descritivo-exploratório, qualitativo, desenvolvido com 41 enfermeiros que atuavam em serviços de Infectologia na cidade de Recife, Brasil. Realizou-se uma entrevista semiestruturada e os dados foram analisados pela técnica de análise de conteúdo. Resultados: Para os enfermeiros, foi possível perceber que a morte é representada por conceitos ligados à ideia de finitude, passagem e dúvida. Observou-se que processo de morte/morrer de pessoas com AIDS está permeado pela não aceitação da doença, assim como a falta de adesão ou o uso indevido da terapia antirretroviral, e ainda a comportamentos de riscos, aumentando a probabilidade do paciente sucumbir à doença ou desencadear infecções oportunistas. Discussão: Tal situação reflete nos enfermeiros sentimentos de tristeza quando ao se depararem com a perda de seus pacientes.  Conclusões: Os enfermeiros demonstram ter esperança que o paciente vai se estabilizar e ter uma melhora no estado geral, e, consequentemente, continuar o tratamento, porém, quando isto não acontece, devem estar preparados para lidar com este momento de dor e perda. Como citar este artigo: Angelim RCM, Brandão BMGM, Freire DA, Abrão FMS. Processo de morte/morrer de pessoas com HIV/AIDS: perspectivas de enfermeiros. Rev Cuid. 2017; 8(3: 1758-66. http://dx.doi.org/10.15649/cuidarte.v8i3.414

  17. Olhos de inferno: a morte no Rei Édipo de Sófocles

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    Ortep J. Trindade-Serra

    1995-12-01

    Full Text Available Os derradeiros versos do "Rei Édipo", de Sófocles, versos que se referem a um tópos consagrado, ocasionaram, através de uma paráfrase de Frínico, a criação do "mito" de Sófocles, cuja vida feliz a tradição consagrou como uma antítese do destino de seu personagem. O paradoxo desses versos, todavia, merece consideração mais profunda. Com efeito, em toda a tragédia a morte é representada de maneira paradoxal. Édipo faz a experiência de uma situação liminar em que morte e vida, cegueira e visão se confundem. Uma evidência disso é simbolicamente dada no verso 987 de Oedipus Rex.

  18. O "pacote" e a enfermagem (análise crítica de uma cena de morte

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    Claudia Cruz

    2000-09-01

    Full Text Available Estudo descritivo baseado em um relato de experiência de acadêmicas de enfermagem do último período de graduação de uma universidade pública da cidade do Rio de Janeiro. A partir do conteúdo programático da disciplina Abordagens Metodológicas da Pesquisa em Enfermagem II, inserida em um currículo baseado na problematização, as autoras se utilizaram de uma cena de morte ocorrida durante o ensino clínico em um hospital geral público de grande porte, situado na cidade do Rio de Janeiro, para descrever o modo pelo qual este evento vem sendo assistido pela equipe de enfermagem. Tendo como objetivo fornecer subsídios que possam respaldar as reflexões sobre a morte, e à luz do Código de Ética dos Profissionais de Enfermagem, são tecidos comentários a este respeito sob o ponto de vista ético, cultural, religioso e da cidadania. Concluem que o tema morte precisa ser abordado no meio acadêmico, mas não só sob o ponto de vista técnico, pois a interação humana que se estabelece a partir da assistência de enfermagem prevê o cuidado ao cliente durante todo o seu ciclo vital, do qual a morte é a última etapa.

  19. Characterization of edible seaweed harvested on the Galician coast (northwestern Spain) using pattern recognition techniques and major and trace element data.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Romarís-Hortas, Vanessa; García-Sartal, Cristina; Barciela-Alonso, María Carmen; Moreda-Piñeiro, Antonio; Bermejo-Barrera, Pilar

    2010-02-10

    Major and trace elements in North Atlantic seaweed originating from Galicia (northwestern Spain) were determined by using inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES) (Ba, Ca, Cu, K, Mg, Mn, Na, Sr, and Zn), inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) (Br and I) and hydride generation-atomic fluorescence spectrometry (HG-AFS) (As). Pattern recognition techniques were then used to classify the edible seaweed according to their type (red, brown, and green seaweed) and also their variety (Wakame, Fucus, Sea Spaghetti, Kombu, Dulse, Nori, and Sea Lettuce). Principal component analysis (PCA) and cluster analysis (CA) were used as exploratory techniques, and linear discriminant analysis (LDA) and soft independent modeling of class analogy (SIMCA) were used as classification procedures. In total, t12 elements were determined in a range of 35 edible seaweed samples (20 brown seaweed, 10 red seaweed, 4 green seaweed, and 1 canned seaweed). Natural groupings of the samples (brown, red, and green types) were observed using PCA and CA (squared Euclidean distance between objects and Ward method as clustering procedure). The application of LDA gave correct assignation percentages of 100% for brown, red, and green types at a significance level of 5%. However, a satisfactory classification (recognition and prediction) using SIMCA was obtained only for red seaweed (100% of cases correctly classified), whereas percentages of 89 and 80% were obtained for brown seaweed for recognition (training set) and prediction (testing set), respectively.

  20. Espaço cemiterial e Turismo: campo de ambivalência da vida e morte

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    Charlene Brum Del Puerto

    2015-08-01

    Full Text Available No presente artigo, são feitas considerações acerca da relação entre o espaço cemiterial e o turismo, como campo de expressão e representação da ambivalência vida e morte, trazendo reflexões possíveis para entender a utilização das necrópoles na atividade turística. O texto apresenta discussão decorrente de estudo que está sendo realizado para o desenvolvimento da dissertação de Mestrado em Turismo e Hospitalidade da Universidade de Caxias do Sul/RS (UCS, envolvendo a abordagem do cemitério como um espaço turístico. Trata-se de uma produção vinculada ao Amorcomtur! Grupo de Estudos em Comunicação, Turismo, Amorosidade e Autopoiese. Neste artigo, inicialmente é feita uma consideração sobre o espaço cemiterial e suas transformações ao longo do tempo. Após, é abordada como a temática da morte é compreendida pela sociedade. Sequencialmente, debatemos a utilização do cemitério na atividade turística, denominada neste trabalho como “turismo cemiterial”. São apresentados resultados preliminares de cartografia bibliográfica, com a construção das trilhas teórico-conceituais-reflexivas: cemitério, morte e turismo. Os resultados percebidos aqui demonstram que a reflexão sobre morte interfere na ressignificação do espaço cemiterial e na ponderação sobre a atividade turística no cemitério.

  1. Por que chamar de morte o que é transbordamento de vida?

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    Cristina Mair Barros Rauter

    2011-08-01

    Full Text Available Resenha da obra, destacando seus pontos principais no que se refere à problematização crítica do conceito freudiano de pulsão de morte a partir das filosofias de Nietzsche e Spinoza e da psicanálise winnicottiana.

  2. Quando a morte não tem mais poder: considerações sobre uma obra de Elisabeth Kübler-Ross

    OpenAIRE

    Alves, Carolinne Borges; Dulci, Pedro Lucas

    2014-01-01

    O presente trabalho objetiva analisar as contribuições da obra Sobre a morte e o morrer, de Elisabeth Kübler-Ross, para a problematização da condição humana em pacientes com doenças em fases terminais. Após a realização, durante anos, de seminários sobre a morte e o morrer, a autora desenvolveu com seus alunos uma teoria a respeito dos estágios pessoais que um paciente e seus familiares passam nas circunstâncias de proximidade da morte. Esta abordagem fornece condições de possibilidade não só...

  3. Anencefalia e morte cerebral (neurológica Anencephaly and brain death

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    Maria Lúcia Fernandes Penna

    2005-06-01

    Full Text Available Vem-se discutindo no país a ética da interrupção da gravidez no caso de fetos anencéfalos. Os opositores ao aborto nesses casos apontam, entre outros argumentos, que não se trata de morte cerebral devido à presença de tronco encefálico. Neste artigo discutimos o conceito de morte cerebral e sua aplicação no que tange à anencefalia. Apontamos alguns aspectos históricos do desenvolvimento desse conceito e a importância de ser considerada a diferença entre conceito e critérios. A morte neurológica é a perda definitiva e total da consciência, enquanto a presença do tronco cerebral é apenas um critério a ser usado nos casos de lesão encefálica em encéfalos antes perfeitos. O conceito de morte cerebral se aplica completamente à ausência de córtex dos anencéfalos, o que sem dúvida permite sua retirada do útero materno. Manter juridicamente a criminalização desse procedimento é uma interferência religiosa no Estado laico e democrático, que impede o exercício de escolha pelos indivíduos segundo seu credo.Brazilian society has recently discussed the ethics of interrupting pregnancy in the case of an anencephalic fetus. In such cases, anti-abortionists contend that anencephaly is not the same as brain death, since a brainstem is present. This article discusses the concept of brain death and its application to the issue of anencephaly. We point to key historical aspects in the development of this concept and the importance of considering the difference between concept and criteria. Neurological death is the definitive and complete loss of consciousness, while the presence of a brainstem is merely a criterion to be used in cases of head injury in previously intact brains. The concept of brain death is totally applicable to the absence of cortex in a fetus with anencephaly, which without a doubt allows such a fetus to be removed from the uterus. To maintain the criminalization of this procedure by legal means represents

  4. A Morte e a Iniciação Feminina nos Lais de Maria de França

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    Aline Dias da Silveira

    2014-01-01

    Full Text Available O estudo dos significados da morte na construção de práticas sociais inclui a análise de imagens que são construídas e transformadas coletivamente ao longo de séculos em uma sociedade. A considerar esse processo de longa duração, o presente ensaio tem como eixo a relação entre morte e feminino e pretende estabelecer o entrelaçamento da perspectiva histórica com a literária e a antropológica. Serão tratadas as representações do imaginário feminino sobre a morte na literatura medieval, especificamente, no a lai de Yonec de Maria de França (séc. XII, no qual é possível identificar uma estrutura narrativa mais antiga, de feições míticas. Nesse lai, o significado da morte está relacionado a estágios iniciáticos do mundo feminino, envolvendo elementos de um imaginário forjado da sobrevivência de tradições pré-cristãs, bem como da religiosidade popular medieval e das experiências de mulheres naquela sociedade. O estudo do lai de Yonec poderá evidenciar a riqueza desse universo apresentado pela voz de uma mulher.

  5. A luta entre impulso de vida e morte em "Viver!", de Machado de Assis

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    Adilson dos Santos

    2016-01-01

    Full Text Available O conto “Viver!”, de Machado de Assis, ambientase no sonho de Ahasverus, o judeu condenado a vagar pelo mundo imortalmente por ter empurrado Jesus no seu percurso para a crucificação. Este aspecto onírico mostra-se revelador para a compreensão do protagonista, uma vez que, da leitura de seu sonho, o leitor consegue chegar às suas aspirações mais profundas. O conto o apresenta como sendo o último dos homens e, por esta razão, prestes a morrer, já que a pena imposta duraria até o findar da espécie humana. À primeira vista, tal condenação se caracterizaria como sendo por demais funesta. Nesse sentido, para ele, morrer seria um alívio. Todavia, até então, a morte estava excluída de seu horizonte. Não poderia perder a vida, visto que havia perdido a morte, o que demonstra que a pena imposta lhe foi igualmente conveniente, pois lhe garantiu a longevidade. A situação vivida em seu sonho vem justamente assinalar aquilo que o judeu mais anseia: viver. Palavras-Chave: Sonho; Vida; Morte.

  6. A LUTA ENTRE IMPULSO DE VIDA E MORTE EM "VIVER!", DE MACHADO DE ASSIS

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    Adilson dos Santos

    2016-01-01

    Full Text Available O conto “Viver!”, de Machado de Assis, ambientase no sonho de Ahasverus, o judeu condenado a vagar pelo mundo imortalmente por ter empurrado Jesus no seu percurso para a crucificação. Este aspecto onírico mostra-se revelador para a compreensão do protagonista, uma vez que, da leitura de seu sonho, o leitor consegue chegar às suas aspirações mais profundas. O conto o apresenta como sendo o último dos homens e, por esta razão, prestes a morrer, já que a pena imposta duraria até o findar da espécie humana. À primeira vista, tal condenação se caracterizaria como sendo por demais funesta. Nesse sentido, para ele, morrer seria um alívio. Todavia, até então, a morte estava excluída de seu horizonte. Não poderia perder a vida, visto que havia perdido a morte, o que demonstra que a pena imposta lhe foi igualmente conveniente, pois lhe garantiu a longevidade. A situação vivida em seu sonho vem justamente assinalar aquilo que o judeu mais anseia: viver. Palavras-Chave: Sonho; Vida; Morte.

  7. Rever Senna: da morte de um ídolo à construção do herói contemporâneo

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Sandra Maria Lucia Pereira Gonçalves

    2012-06-01

    Full Text Available A morte de Ayrton Senna, piloto da Fórmula I, morto em 1994,  é o ponto de partida para se pensar questões concernentes à contemporaneidade. Para o desenvolvimento desse artigo, são utilizadas as seguintes categorias - sociedade midiatizada, velocidade, mito e herói, narcisismo e morte. Essas categorias irão compor o cenário do ídolo. As fontes utilizadas como amostragem para a observação do tratamento dos media sobre este acontecimento são jornais e revistas especiais sobre televisão, assim como artigos de jornais decorrentes da morte de Senna. Diferentes autores comparecem na construção do quadro a ser exposto.

  8. Melatonina: modulador de morte celular Melatonin: cell death modulator

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Cecília da Silva Ferreira

    2010-01-01

    Full Text Available A apoptose ou morte programada é um fenômeno biológico essencial para o desenvolvimento e manutenção de uma população celular. Neste processo, as células senescentes ou indesejáveis são eliminadas após ativação de um programa de morte celular, que envolve a participação de moléculas pró-apoptóticas (Fas, FasL, Bax, Caspases 2, 3, 6, 7, 8 e 9. A ativação destas moléculas provoca típicas alterações morfológicas como a retração celular, perda de aderência à matriz extracelular e às células vizinhas, condensação da cromatina, fragmentação do DNA e formação de corpos apoptóticos. Moléculas antiapoptóticas (Bcl2, FLIP bloqueiam o surgimento e a evolução destas alterações celulares e evitam a morte celular. É o equilíbrio entre moléculas pró e antiapoptóticas que assegura a homeostase tecidual. O descontrole da apoptose pode contribuir para o aparecimento de diversas doenças neoplásicas, autoimunes e neurodegenerativas. Diversos agentes indutores e inibidores de apoptose são reconhecidos como armas potenciais no combate a doenças relacionadas a distúrbios de proliferação e morte celular, dentre eles, destacam-se os hormônios. A melatonina tem sido relatada com importante ação antiápoptótica em diversos tecidos, modulando a expressão de agentes, reduzindo a entrada de cálcio na célula, bem como atenuando a produção de espécies reativas de oxigênio e de proteínas pró-apoptóticas, tal como, diminuição da Bax. O conhecimento de novos agentes capazes de atuar nas vias da apoptose é de grande valia para o desenvolvimento de futuras terapias no tratamento de diversas doenças. Assim, o objetivo dessa revisão é elucidar os principais aspectos da morte celular pela apoptose e o papel da melatonina neste processo.Apoptosis or programmed death is a biological phenomenon, which is essential for the development and maintenance of a cell population. In this process, senescent or damaged

  9. Cuidadores Principais Ante a Experiência da Morte: Seus Sentidos e Significados

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Carolina Peres de Lima

    Full Text Available Resumo O presente trabalho teve como objetivo compreender os sentidos e significados atribuídos pelos cuidadores principais à experiência de acompanhamento de pacientes com câncer em Cuidados ao Fim de Vida. Com este intuito, foi realizada uma pesquisa qualitativa exploratória, utilizando a observação participante como recurso metodológico. A análise de conteúdo foi utilizada como método de avaliação dos resultados, no qual a Teoria Existencialista de Viktor Frankl e a literatura contemporânea sobre Cuidados Paliativos serviram de substrato teórico à compreensão da temática em questão. Após a análise do diário de campo, foram extraídas cinco categorias temáticas: A espiritualidade atribuindo sentido à experiência; O tempo de espera; Morte como alívio do sofrimento; Revisão da história de vida; Incerteza quanto ao futuro. Foi possível perceber reações e sentimentos expostos pelos cuidadores, que, apesar do esgotamento físico e emocional, desejavam permanecer ao lado de seu familiar até sua morte. Entendemos que a comunicação da equipe ao cuidador sobre a aproximação da morte pode contribuir para o processo de elaboração psíquica desta vivência. A compreensão da experiência subjetiva do cuidador viabiliza uma abordagem efetiva da equipe às reais necessidades de cuidado do familiar.

  10. In spite of D'Annunzio: Recoding femininity in Trionfo della morte ...

    African Journals Online (AJOL)

    Ad un'analisi critica, la figura di Ippolita Sanzio in Trionfo della morte sembra oscillare tra rappresentazioni ideali e spirituali. Mutuando da Adriana Cavarero la nozione di “furto concettuale”, è possibile rileggere il corpo erotico di Ippolita come sistema semiotico capace di sfuggire al fallocentrisimo del suo creatore. Così ...

  11. A última escolha: repensar a morte em vida

    OpenAIRE

    Roque, Margarida Abenta

    2010-01-01

    Tese de mestrado, Filosofia, Universidade de Lisboa, Faculdade de Letras, 2010 A presente dissertação de mestrado em Filosofia, intitulada A última escolha: repensar a morte em vida, consistirá numa análise expositiva de natureza ética das opções de final de vida que se colocam aos indivíduos doentes ou em estado terminal, abstendo-se de juízos de matriz legal ou jurídica. Tomando Peter Singer como autor de referência intelectual nesta dissertação, o nosso ponto de partida cons...

  12. O estudante de Medicina e o médico recém-formado frente à morte e ao morrer

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Gustavo Nader Marta

    Full Text Available A compreensão do papel da morte como uma condição intrínseca e inegável da vida sempre foi de grande relevância para o mundo ocidental, levando a diferentes atitudes, especialmente entre aqueles que precisam encarar a morte como parte de sua rotina profissional. Isto é particularmente aplicável aos médicos, que, muitas vezes, se acham diante da responsabilidade de tomar decisões sobre as condições de saúde e a vida de seus pacientes. Os objetivos deste estudo foram verificar o comportamento do estudante de Medicina e do médico recém-formado diante da morte e do morrer, identificar as condições e deficiências da relação médico-paciente-morrer-morte, comparar tais posturas entre os estudantes de Medicina e os médicos recém-formados, e propor atividades que possibilitem a sensibilização quanto aos processos internos com base em teoria, prática e desenvolvimento pessoal. Isso foi feito por meio da aplicação de questionários aos 100 alunos do terceiro ano e aos 120 residentes do CCMB-PUC-SP.

  13. Melancolia in progress: uma leitura de Os famosos e os duendes da morte

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    Rejane Rocha

    2014-07-01

    Full Text Available RESUMO: Este artigo analisa o romance Os famosos e os duendes da morte, discutindo a maneira como a literatura pode ser compreendida no contexto da convergência midiática. O romance, uma das obras que constituem um projeto que compreende, também, filme, trilha sonora e vídeos compartilhados no youtube, pode ser discutido como um exemplo de procedimentos de leitura e de escrita característicos do contexto digital. ABSTRACT: This paper analyzes the novel Os famosos e os duendes da morte, discussing how literature can be understood in the context of media convergence. This novel is a piece of work related to a wider project that also includes a movie, a soundtrack and several videos uploaded to YouTube. Because of this, it illustrates some writing and reading procedures that are typical of the digital context.

  14. MORT User's Manual for use with the Management Oversight and Risk Tree analytical logic diagram. [Contains a list of System Safety Development Center publications

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Knox, N.W.; Eicher, R.W.

    1992-02-01

    This report contains the User's Manual for MORT (Management Oversight and Risk Tree), a logic diagram in the form of a work sheet'' that illustrates a long series of interrelated questions. MORT is a comprehensive analytical procedure that provides a disciplined method for determining the causes and contributing factors of major accidents. Alternatively, it serves as a tool to evaluate the quality of an existing system. While similar in many respects to fault tree analysis, MORT is more generalized and presents over 1,500 specific elements of an ideal universal'' management program for optimizing environment, safety and health, and other programs. This User's Manual is intended to be used with the MORT diagram dated February 1992.

  15. Cineclube Antonio das Mortes and its independent film production

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    Marina da Costa Campos

    2014-07-01

    Full Text Available This article analysis the production of experimental films made by Cineclube Antonio das Mortes (CAM in 1980, in Goiania, Through the term "independent film". This work is an initial study, therefore, it’s intended, first, to discuss the various conceptions given to “independent cinema” in Brazilian cinema history, from the late 1940s until 1980. Then, this work will try to understand how this production of this Cineclube approaches or moves away from the different conceptions that this term has acquired over the decades.

  16. La mise en spectacle de la mort dans deux pièces du théâtre espagnol du Siècle d’Or

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Odile Lasserre Dempure

    2012-08-01

    Full Text Available Dans Fuente Ovejuna (1613 de Lope de Vega et La serrana de la Vera (1613 de Luis Vélez de Guevara, la mort est spectacle. Cette mise en spectacle de la mort, qui doit être replacée dans le contexte d’une esthétique macabre caractéristique de la période baroque, s’articule sur de multiples réseaux de sens dont nous tentons de dégager quelques lignes directrices. Une lecture attentive de la façon dont la mort et le cadavre sont mis en scène permet de comprendre que pour l’imaginaire de l’époque, cette mise en spectacle de la mort est surtout mise en spectacle de la vie. La mort, effroyable mais bienfaisante, est une mort génératrice de vie.En Fuente Ovejuna (1613, de Lope de Vega, y en La Serrana de la Vera (1613, de Luis Vélez de Guevara, la muerte es un espectáculo. Esta representación de la muerte, que debe ser situada en el contexto de una estética macabra propia al barroco, adquiere múltiples significados que trataremos de determinar y poner en relieve. Una lectura atenta de la manera cómo la muerte y el cadáver son expuestos, nos permite deducir que para el imaginario de la época esta representación de la muerte es más que nada una representación de la vida. La muerte, espantosa pero benéfica, es una muerte generadora de vida.

  17. Pathological features in marine birds affected by the prestige's oil spill in the north of Spain

    OpenAIRE

    Balseiro, Ana; Espí, Alberto; Márquez, I.; Pérez, V.; Ferreras, M.C. (M.); García, J.F. (J.); Prieto, J.M. (José)

    2012-01-01

    A total of 2,465 seabirds, mainly common murres (Uria aalge), razorbills (Alca torda), and puffins (Fratercula arctica) that beached in the northwestern part of Spain after the "Prestige" oil spill on 19 November 2002 were examined by pathological methods. Birds were divided into three groups: dead birds with the body covered (group 1) or uncovered (group 2) by oil and birds recovered alive but which died after being treated at a rescue center (group 3). The main gross lesions were severe deh...

  18. Caracterização fitofisionômica e levantamento florístico preliminar no Pantanal dos Rios Mortes-Araguaia, Cocalinho, Mato Grosso, Brasil Vegetation types and preliminary floristic survey in the Mortes-Araguaia Pantanal, Cocalinho, Mato Grosso, Brazil

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Beatriz Schwantes Marimon

    2001-08-01

    Full Text Available O presente estudo realizou-se no Pantanal dos Rios Mortes-Araguaia, extensa planície inundável localizada no municípo de Cocalinho, nordeste de Mato Grosso, Brasil. Efetuou-se uma caracterização fitofisionômica e um levantamento florístico preliminar da região. Foram selecionados três Sítios, com fitofisionomias representativas: proximidades do Rio das Mortes (12° 37'S; 50° 55'W, foz do Rio das Mortes com o Araguaia (11° 54'S; 50° 48'W e porção mediana do Rio Cristalino (12° 52'S; 50° 49'W. O método de amostragem adotado foi o de levantamentos rápidos. Foram identificadas oito fitofisionomias: Mata Inundável, Caapão, Babaçual, Cerradão, Cerrado stricto sensu, Campo de Murunduns, Campo de Byrsonima orbignyana e Campo Cerrado de Vochysia rufa. Foram levantadas 248 espécies de árvores, arbustos, sub-arbustos e lianas, distribuídas em 158 gêneros e 62 famílias. As fitofisionomias apresentaram um padrão heterogêneo, sendo que nenhuma das espécies ocorreu em todas elas. Porém, Alibertia edulis (L. Rich. A. Rich., Andira cuyabensis Benth., Maprounea guianensis (Aubl. M. Arg., entre outras, ocorreram em seis das oito fitofisionomias. As famílias com maior riqueza foram: Caesalpiniaceae, Annonaceae e Myrtaceae. Ocorreram algumas semelhanças florísticas com o Pantanal do Rio Paraguai, porém, são necessários estudos mais aprofundados para confirmar. Os padrões de heterogeneidade fitofisionômica indicam que a área estudada necessita de medidas conservacionistas.This study was carried out in the Pantanal of the Mortes and Araguaia rivers, a flooded plain located in Cocalinho, northeastern Mato Grosso, Brazil. The objectives of this study were to conduct a preliminary survey of the flora and to characterize the vegetation types. Three representative sites were selected: one near Rio das Mortes (12° 37'S; 50° 55'W, one at the mouth of Araguaia and Mortes rivers (11° 54'S; 50° 48'W and one in the middle portion of

  19. Preliminary bathymetry of Northwestern Fiord and Neoglacial changes of Northwestern Glacier

    Science.gov (United States)

    Post, Austin

    1980-01-01

    The first preliminary bathymetry (at 1:20,000 scale) and other scientific investigations of Northwestern Fiord, Alaska, were conducted by the Research Vessel Growler in 1978, disclosing this 10.5-mile-long branched waterway to be a deep basin enclosed by a terminal-moraine shoal. The basin was formerly filled by Northwestern Glacier, which began a drastic retreat around 1909 and reached the head of the main arm around 1960. Soundings and profiles show the main channel to be as much as 970 feet deep and to have the typical U shape of a severely glacially eroded valley; since the glacier 's retreat, sediments have formed nearly level deposits in the deepest reaches, while the rest of the basin has a hard, rocky bottom. Preneoglacial forest debris dated by carbon-14 indicates Northwestern Glacier to have advanced into the fiord prior to 1,385 years before present (B.P.); a branch glacier evidently advanced into forest 1,635 years B.P. The combined glaciers from several arms culminated on the present terminal-moraine shoal around 1894. (USGS)

  20. Modelling modulus of elasticity of Pinus pinaster Ait. in northwestern Spain with standing tree acoustic measurements, tree, stand and site variables

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Esther Merlo

    2014-04-01

    Full Text Available Aim of study: Modelling the structural quality of Pinus pinaster Ait. wood on the basis of measurements made on standing trees is essential because of the importance of the species in the Galician forestry and timber industries and the good mechanical properties of its wood. In this study, we investigated how timber stiffness is affected by tree and stand properties, climatic and edaphic characteristics and competition. Area of study: The study was performed in Galicia, north-western Spain.Material and methods: Ten pure and even-aged P. pinaster stands were selected and tree and stand variables and the stress wave velocity of 410 standing trees were measured. A sub-sample of 73 trees, representing the variability in acoustic velocity, were felled and sawed into structural timber pieces (224 which were subjected to a bending test to determine the modulus of elasticity (MOE. Main results: Linear models including wood properties explained more than 97%, 73% and 60% of the observed MOE variability at site, tree and board level, respectively, with acoustic velocity and wood density as the main regressors. Other linear models, which did not include wood density, explained more than 88%, 69% and 55% of the observed MOE variability at site, tree and board level, respectively, with acoustic velocity as the main regressor. Moreover, a classification tree for estimating the visual grade according to standard UNE 56544:2011 was developed. Research highlights: The results have demonstrated the usefulness of acoustic velocity for predicting MOE in standing trees. The use of the fitted equations together with existing dynamic growth models will enable preliminary assessment of timber stiffness in relation to different silvicultural alternatives used with this species.Keywords: stress wave velocity, modulus of elasticity, site index, competition index, stepwise regression, CART.

  1. NÓS E A MORTE - UM ESTUDO PSICOLÓGICO "Sivis vitam, para mortem"

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Maria Margarida da Cunha Gonçalves

    Full Text Available Partindo de um artigo inédito de Freud escrito em 1915, a autora estabelece comparações em relação ao comportamento humano frente a situações de morte, tendo em vista suas experiências e vivências adquiridas nos campos da Enfermagem e Psicologia.

  2. Reações e sentimentos do profissional de enfermagem diante da morte

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Edna Lúcia Martins

    Full Text Available Através deste estudo, do tipo exploratório descritivo, propomos compreender as reações e sentimentos dos profissionais de enfermagem diante dos pacientes fora de possibilidade terapêutica. Foram realizadas entrevistas individuais, semi-dirigidas, com nove profissionais de enfermagem (6 aux. de enfermagem e 3 enfermeiras de um hospital geral da cidade de Maringá-PR. Constatamos que, para estes profissionais, o fato de lidarem com a morte diariamente é extremamente angustiante e, portanto, utilizam de mecanismos de defesa tais como negação, racionalização, para conviverem com as perdas rotineiras. Isto faz com que os profissionais de enfermagem podem deixar de perceber as limitações e angústias do paciente, o que pode vir a comprometer a qualidade do trabalho assistencial. Com base nos resultados encontrados, sugerimos a criação de um espaço terapêutico no hospital, com os profissionais da saúde, para que através de grupos de reflexão a expressão das angústias, medos, impotência e dor diante da morte e do morrer possa ser facilitada e compartilhada.

  3. Reações e sentimentos do profissional de enfermagem diante da morte

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Edna Lúcia Martins

    1999-03-01

    Full Text Available Através deste estudo, do tipo exploratório descritivo, propomos compreender as reações e sentimentos dos profissionais de enfermagem diante dos pacientes fora de possibilidade terapêutica. Foram realizadas entrevistas individuais, semi-dirigidas, com nove profissionais de enfermagem (6 aux. de enfermagem e 3 enfermeiras de um hospital geral da cidade de Maringá-PR. Constatamos que, para estes profissionais, o fato de lidarem com a morte diariamente é extremamente angustiante e, portanto, utilizam de mecanismos de defesa tais como negação, racionalização, para conviverem com as perdas rotineiras. Isto faz com que os profissionais de enfermagem podem deixar de perceber as limitações e angústias do paciente, o que pode vir a comprometer a qualidade do trabalho assistencial. Com base nos resultados encontrados, sugerimos a criação de um espaço terapêutico no hospital, com os profissionais da saúde, para que através de grupos de reflexão a expressão das angústias, medos, impotência e dor diante da morte e do morrer possa ser facilitada e compartilhada.

  4. From Bruges-la-Morte to Le Mirage. The loss of a character?

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Maria Elisabetta Nieddu

    2012-12-01

    Full Text Available The title of Bruges-la-Morte by Georges Rodenbach's novel written in 1892, could be considered without much effort an eponymous title, considering the city of Bruges as the main character of the story. That is a statement by the same author in fact, the city is not only the place where the story develops, but the character that affects and causes actions themselves of the protagonist of the novel, the widower Hugues Viane. If the intent of the author is certainly realized in the novel, what about the city's role in the posthumous play adapted from Bruges-la-Morte, entitled Le Mirage? Shall we perhaps resign to the loss of a character, transformed irreversibly to a pure scenario? Or maybe is it possible through dialogue and staging made to recreate the atmosphere of anguish and sense of death that emanates from the Rodenbach’s canals, bells and belfries ? The objective of this proposed study is therefore to investigate the differences between the novel and the play works to highlight the different textual aspects which focuses differently in the two Rodenbach’s works.

  5. Fluvial response to the last Holocene rapid climate change in the Northwestern Mediterranean coastlands

    Science.gov (United States)

    Degeai, Jean-Philippe; Devillers, Benoît; Blanchemanche, Philippe; Dezileau, Laurent; Oueslati, Hamza; Tillier, Margaux; Bohbot, Hervé

    2017-05-01

    The variability of fluvial activity in the Northwestern Mediterranean coastal lowlands and its relationship with modes of climate change were analysed from the late 9th to the 18th centuries CE. Geochemical analyses were undertaken from a lagoonal sequence and surrounding sediments in order to track the fluvial inputs into the lagoon. An index based on the K/S and Rb/S ratios was used to evidence the main periods of fluvial activity. This index reveals that the Medieval Climate Anomaly (MCA) was a drier period characterized by a lower fluvial activity, while the Little Ice Age (LIA) was a wetter period with an increase of the river dynamics. Three periods of higher than average fluvial activity were evidenced at the end of the first millennium CE (ca. 900-950 cal yr CE), in the first half of the second millennium CE (ca. 1150-1550 cal yr CE), and during the 1600s-1700s CE (ca. 1650-1800 cal yr CE). The comparison of these fluvial periods with other records of riverine or lacustrine floods in Spain, Italy, and South of France seems to indicate a general increase in fluvial and flood patterns in the Northwestern Mediterranean in response to the climate change from the MCA to the LIA, although some episodes of flooding are not found in all records. Besides, the phases of higher than average fluvial dynamics are in good agreement with the North Atlantic cold events evidenced from records of ice-rafted debris. The evolution of fluvial activity in the Northwestern Mediterranean coastlands during the last millennium could have been driven by atmospheric and oceanic circulation patterns.

  6. Avatares da instância crítica: supereu entre o isso e o princípio de morte

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Maria Vilela Pinto Nakasu

    2012-01-01

    Full Text Available Se a clássica definição do supereu como resultado do complexo de Édipo, apresentado em "O ego e o id" (Freud, 1923/1989, tem uma longa história, o que poderia ser dito sobre a definição segundo a qual o supereu é o herdeiro do isso e sub-rogado das pulsões de morte? Como harmonizar as duas teorias que definem o supereu como o herdeiro do complexo de Édipo e herdeiro do isso? Por meio de uma análise cuidadosa de três passagens de "O eu e o isso" (Freud, 1923/1989, argumenta-se que o conceito de agressão é capital para caracterizar o vínculo entre o supereu e as pulsões de morte. As pulsões de morte não apenas determinam o caráter imperativo do supereu, a sua tendência para atacar o eu, mas são igualmente responsáveis pelas variantes deste ataque - pressão, crítica, punição e destruição. Além disso, a ampliação da teoria da identificação, sua associação com o processo de desfusão pulsional e a hipótese do caráter originário dos investimentos de objeto no isso permitem a Freud unir, no supereu, um aspecto legislativo, decorrente de sua herança edipiana ao aspecto pulsional mortífero.

  7. Motricidade reflexa na morte cerebral The reflex activity in the brain death

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Wilson L. Sanvito

    1972-03-01

    Full Text Available O diagnóstico de morte cerebral está baseado em critérios clínicos, eletrencefalográficos e angiográficos. Do ponto de vista clínico deve ser evidenciado o seguinte quadro: coma profundo, midríase paralítica bilateral, ausência de reação a qualquer estímulo externo, apnéia, arreflexia superficial e profunda. Do ponto de vista eletrencefalográfico são necessários dois registros, separados por um intervalo de 24 horas, evidenciando traçados iselétricos. No presente trabalho são estudados 15 pacientes com morte cerebral comprovada do ponto de vista clínico e eletrencefalográfico. Em 8 pacientes havia persistência de atividade reflexa durante a fase de morte cerebral (reflexos profundos e/ou superficiais. Fenômenos de automatismos medulares também foram verificados em 3 pacientes.The diagnosis of brain death is based in clinical, electroencephalographic and angiographic data. The criteria for diagnosis of brain death are: deep coma with unreceptivity and unresponsiveness, no movements or breathing (the patient's respiration must be maintained artificially, bilateral dilated and fixed pupils, absence of corneal reflexes, no response to caloric test, absence of deep tendon reflexes and of the superficial abdominal and plantar reflexes, isoelectric EEG maintained for twenty-four hours. The purpose of this study was to observe the natural clinical courses of 15 patients with brain death, specially the data concerning the deep and superficial reflexes. From 15 patients fulfilling the criteria of brain death, 8 maintained spinal reflexes up to the time of cardiac arrest; in five of these patients the superficial abdominal reflexes were present and the reflexes of spinal automatism could be elicited. These results show that the absence of deep and superficial reflexes can't be considered as essencial for the diagnosis of brain death.

  8. Paradoxo e medo da morte: dimensões tanatológicas na obra de SØren Kierkegaard

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Alessandro Gonçalves Campolina

    2016-04-01

    Full Text Available A morte enquanto possibilidade é uma das questões centrais problematizadas pela filosofia existencial de Soeren A. Kierkegaard. Assumir a responsabilidade por “tornar-se o que se é”, em um mergulho corajoso nas múltiplas possibilidades da existência, parece ser a grande conquista dos que acreditam na vida, afirmando a cada instante, o apelo inadiável da decisão. Para tanto, um pensamento profundo do desespero é necessário para encontrar o paradoxo absoluto e a superação do medo da morte. A partir dos conceitos de angústia, desespero, “doença até a morte” e “mortalmente doente”, o presente estudo pretende investigar as dimensões tanatológicas que atravessam a obra do filósofo dinamarquês.

  9. A morte em horário nobre: a espetacularização da notícia no telejornalismo brasileiro

    OpenAIRE

    Negrini, Michele

    2010-01-01

    A morte é uma temática permeada por complexidades e as significações que assume para os homens são distintas. Desta forma, a manifestação da finitude humana no espaço televisivo oferece uma riqueza de possibilidades para investigações acadêmicas. As reportagens que abordam a morte no Jornal Nacional e no Jornal da Band são o foco desta pesquisa, que busca verificar que caracterização os dois telejornais dão à temática da finitude humana, na perspectiva do contexto da cultura das sociedades oc...

  10. Acidente de trabalho, morte e fatalismo Work accident, death and fatalism

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    Izabel Cristina Ferreira Borsoi

    2005-04-01

    Full Text Available Este artigo se propõe discutir a atitude fatalista diante do acidente de trabalho e da morte. Toma como suporte empírico a representação que trabalhadores acidentados na construção civil constroem acerca daqueles eventos. Parte de um conjunto de entrevistas com seis trabalhadores que se encontravam afastados do trabalho por invalidez decorrente do acidente. A análise realizada busca mostrar que os indivíduos tendem a construir explicações e justificativas a partir de uma perspectiva fatalista de modo a poderem aceitar e conviver com o medo do acidente e da morte ou com a dor da perda. Argumenta também que a atitude fatalista, não pode se modificar apenas com a tomada de consciência, por parte dos trabalhadores, de que acidentes e mortes no trabalho estão relacionados a condições precárias de trabalho. Para modificarem suas atitudes, seria necessário, também, que experimentassem novas condições de vida e trabalho, podendo, assim, construir uma nova concepção de mundo e de vida.This article proposes a discussion about the fatalistic posture adopted when a worker faces work accidents and death. It has its empirical support on the representation which injured construction workers create about these events. The study was based on interviews made with six workers who were unable to return to work due to the disability caused by accidents. The accomplished analysis intends to show that the individuals create explanations and justifications based on a fatalistic perspective. This way of thinking enables them to accept and to live with the fear of accidents and death, or with the pain caused by a loss. It also argues that the fatalistic attitude cannot be modified only by understanding that accidents and deaths that happen at the work environment are related to its precarious conditions. In order to change this attitude, it would be necessary to experience new conditions of life and work, so that the workers would be able to create

  11. Morte de Deus e niilismo em O sétimo selo

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    Rafael Rocha da Rosa

    2013-10-01

    Full Text Available Este artigo apresenta uma interpretação da obra O sétimo selo, de Bergman, à luz do niilismo oriundo da morte de Deus, proposto por Nietzsche. Acreditamos que o cineasta alcançou o êxito ao retratar em imagens os conceitos elaborados pelo filósofo, de tal modo que, nesse caso, a filosofia não sobrepõe o cinema, outra forma criadora de pensamento e reflexão.

  12. Heroic Register, Oral Tradition, and the Alliterative Morte Arthure

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    Rebecca Richardson Mouser

    2011-10-01

    Full Text Available By employing an oral traditional approach to the text, this essay investigates how the use of alliteration and speech-acts in the _Alliterative Morte Arthure_ establishes a heroic register that marks the poem as participating in a tradition hearkening back to Old English heroic models. The text begins with an appeal to the audience to listen and to hear the tale, highlighting the importance of aurality and speech and signaling a way to “read” the poem that distinguishes it from Anglo-Norman literary tradition. By making such distinctions, this approach elucidates passages often deemed confusing, such as the two narrated deaths of the Roman Emperor Lucius.

  13. Morte e ressurreição: uma reflexão sobre as adaptações fílmicas "Dom Quixote" e "Hamlet", de Kozintsev

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    Thayane Morais Silva

    2017-03-01

    Full Text Available RESUMOAo considerar os “400 anos da morte de Shakespeare e Cervantes”, é impossível não associar as obras desses respectivos autores à questão da autoria, tema tão recorrente nos Estudos Literários, amplamente discutido por Barthes Foucault e Agamben. Se passaram 400 anos desde a morte do corpo, e não da morte do legado artístico –é sempre bom lembrar, desses dois escritores.  Entretanto, diante de tantas reproduções técnicas que desencadearam a destruição da aura da obra de arte, propomos estabelecer uma relação entre a morte autoral desses dois autores e os conceitos que Walter Benjamin delineou para esclarecer a situação da obra de arte na era de sua reprodutibilidade técnica. A fim de exemplificar como a autoria de Cervantes e de Shakespeare é mortificada a partir de suas próprias obras, iremos investigar duas adaptações cinematográficas, Dom Quixote e Hamlet, ambas dirigidas por Grigori Kozintsev.PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Shakespeare; Cervantes; Autoria; Reprodutibilidade técnica; Adaptação cinematográfica.

  14. The Book of the Sick of Santa Maria della Morte in Bologna and the Medical Organization of a Hospital in the Sixteenth-Century.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Savoia, Paolo

    2016-01-01

    In 2012 a manuscript was rediscovered in the Biblioteca dell'Archiginnasio of Bologna, titled Libro degli infermi dell'Arciconfraternita di S. Maria della Morte. It is the record of incoming patients of one for the main hospitals of the city, devoted exclusively to the sick poor and not just to the poor, called Santa Maria della Morte, compiled by a young student assistant (astante) for the period 1558-1564. I publish here a transcription of a portion of this Libro pertaining to the year 1560. My introduction situates the manuscript within the context of the history of early modern Italian hospitals, describes the organization of the hospital of Santa Maria della Morte based on archival sources of the period, and finally highlights the connections between surgical and anatomical education and the internal organization of the hospital.

  15. Percepção do corpo, medo da morte, religião e doação de órgãos

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    Bendassolli Pedro Fernando

    2001-01-01

    Full Text Available O objetivo desta pesquisa foi o de levantar as principais razões que levam estudantes universitários a doarem seus órgãos para transplante e as relações entre a doação de órgãos, o medo da morte e a religião dos participantes. Para tanto, foram realizados três estudos interdependentes, os quais somaram a participação de 192 estudantes de uma universidade pública do Estado de São Paulo. Os resultados obtidos nestes estudos sugerem, como sendo as principais razões para a doação: desejo de continuar a vida do outro; reaproveitamento dos órgãos; dar qualidade de vida aos que necessitam de um transplante; inutilidade do corpo após a morte. Quanto à não doação, as principais razões foram: crítica à lei dos transplantes; crítica ao sistema de saúde brasileiro; razões bioéticas, tais como receio de morte premeditada e contrabando de órgãos. Nestes estudos não foi encontrada relação significativa entre religião e doação de órgãos, mas foi encontrada entre o medo da morte e a não doação.

  16. Soil carbon storage in silvopastoral systems and a treeless pasture in northwestern Spain.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Howlett, David S; Mosquera-Losada, M Rosa; Nair, P K Ramachandran; Nair, Vimala D; Rigueiro-Rodríguez, Antonio

    2011-01-01

    Soil particle size and land management practices are known to have considerable influence on carbon (C) storage in soils, but such information is lacking for silvopastoral systems in Spain. This study quantified the amounts of soil C stored at various depths to 100 cm under silvopastoral plots of radiata pine ( D. Don) and birch ( Roth) in comparison to treeless pasture in Galicia, Spain. Soils were fractionated into three size classes (<53, 53-250, and 250-2000 μm), and C stored in them and in the whole (nonfractionated) soil was determined. Overall, the C stock to 1 m ranged from 80.9 to 176.9 Mg ha in these soils. Up to 1 m depth, 78.82% of C was found in the 0- to 25-cm soil depth, with 12.9, 4.92, and 3.36% in the 25- to 50-, 50- to 75-, and 75- to 100-cm depths, respectively. Soils under birch at 0 to 25 cm stored more C in the 250- to 2000-μm size class as compared with those under radiata pine; at that depth, pasture had more C than pine silvopasture in the smaller soil fractions (<53 and 53-250 μm). In the 75- to 100-cm depth, there was significantly more storage of C in the 250- to 2000-μm fraction in both silvopastures as compared with the pasture. The higher storage of soil C in larger fraction size in lower soil depths of silvopasture suggests that planting of trees into traditional agricultural landscapes will promote longer-term storage of C in the soil. American Society of Agronomy, Crop Science Society of America, and Soil Science Society of America.

  17. Relation between environmental variables and the fish community structure in streams of das Mortes and Xingu river basins – MT, Brazil

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    Priscylla Rodrigues Matos

    2013-09-01

    Full Text Available Environmental variables may determine and structure the composition of fish fauna. Studies comparing differences between physical and chemical variables of water between close river basins are few. This paper aimed to check which limnological variables are related to the distribution of fish species in two river basins. For this, 20 streams were sampled, divided between das Mortes and Xingu river basins. At each point one measured a total of 8 environmental variables. Fishes were collected through trawl. Total richness was 57 species, 29 of them from Xingu river basin, 35 from das Mortes river basin, and 7 species common to both river basins. The analyses showed that the streams in these two basins have distinct limnological and faunal features. The streams in Xingu river basin had lower pH values which may have been influenced by the high rates of organic decomposition. The streams of das Mortes river showed higher values of suspended matter and chlorophyll, probably due to higher degradation of streams and lower vegetation cover levels.

  18. Mortes de mulheres internadas para parto e por aborto e de seus conceptos em maternidades públicas

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    Pauline Lorena Kale

    Full Text Available Resumo O objetivo deste estudo foi analisar mortes de mulheres internadas para parto e por aborto, e de seus conceptos – fetais e neonatais – em maternidades públicas nas cidades de São Paulo, Rio de Janeiro e Niterói (RJ, em 2011. Estudo seccional de base hospitalar. Participaram 7.845 mulheres resultando em um óbito materno, 498 abortos, 65 óbitos fetais, 44 óbitos neonatais e 7.291 sobreviventes infantis. Dados foram obtidos por meio de entrevista, consulta ao prontuário, cartão da gestante e no Sistema de Informações sobre Mortalidade (SIM. Foi descrita a população de estudo e estimados a concordância da causa básica (SIM e certificada pela pesquisa e os indicadores de mortalidade. A mortalidade materna foi 13,6 por cem mil nascidos vivos (NV, fetal 8,8‰ nascimentos e neonatal 6,0‰ NV. Misoprostol foi o medicamento mais utilizado no aborto provocado. Transtornos respiratórios e fatores maternos foram as principais causas entre óbitos fetais e neonatais. Sífilis congênita, diabetes e causas de morte fetal não especificada foram subdeclaradas no SIM. Os coeficientes kappa por capítulo foram 0,70 (neonatais e 0,54 (natimortos. A assistência de boa qualidade no planejamento reprodutivo, pré-natal, durante o parto e nascimento resultará na prevenção das mortes.

  19. Compte rendu critique du livre Voir son steak comme un animal mort, de Martin Gibert

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    Drolet, Marie-Josée

    2016-10-01

    Full Text Available This critical review provides, first, a step-by-step synthesis of the arguments presented in each chapter of Martin Gibert’s bookVoir son steak comme un animal mort (Seeing your steak as a dead animal. Second, a critical perspective of the book and a personal reflection are presented.

  20. Mortality in Transition: Study Protocol of the PrivMort Project, a multilevel convenience cohort study.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Irdam, Darja; King, Lawrence; Gugushvili, Alexi; Azarova, Aytalina; Fazekas, Mihaly; Scheiring, Gabor; Stefler, Denes; Doniec, Katarzyna; Horvat, Pia; Kolesnikova, Irina; Popov, Vladimir; Szelenyi, Ivan; Marmot, Michael; Murphy, Michael; McKee, Martin; Bobak, Martin

    2016-07-30

    Previous research using routine data identified rapid mass privatisation as an important driver of mortality crisis following the collapse of Communism in Central and Eastern Europe. However, existing studies on the mortality crisis relying on individual level or routine data cannot assess both distal (societal) and proximal (individual) causes of mortality simultaneously. The aim of the PrivMort Project is to overcome these limitations and to investigate the role of societal factors (particularly rapid mass privatisation) and individual-level factors (e.g. alcohol consumption) in the mortality changes in post-communist countries. The PrivMort conducts large-sample surveys in Russia, Belarus and Hungary. The approach is unique in comparing towns that have undergone rapid privatisation of their key industrial enterprises with those that experienced more gradual forms of privatisation, employing a multi-level retrospective cohort design that combines data on the industrial characteristics of the towns, socio-economic descriptions of the communities, settlement-level data, individual socio-economic characteristics, and individuals' health behaviour. It then incorporates data on mortality of different types of relatives of survey respondents, employing a retrospective demographic approach, which enables linkage of historical patterns of mortality to exposures, based on experiences of family members. By May 2016, 63,073 respondents provided information on themselves and 205,607 relatives, of whom 102,971 had died. The settlement-level dataset contains information on 539 settlements and 12,082 enterprises in these settlements in Russia, 96 settlements and 271 enterprises in Belarus, and 52 settlement and 148 enterprises in Hungary. In addition to reinforcing existing evidence linking smoking, hazardous drinking and unemployment to mortality, the PrivMort dataset will investigate the variation in transition experiences for individual respondents and their families across

  1. Concepções de adolescentes de dois contextos sociais sobre a pena de morte Adolescents' conceptions on death penalty from two social contexts

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    Miriane da Silva Santos Barboza

    2011-12-01

    Full Text Available Este estudo teve como objetivo conhecer as concepções sobre a pena de morte de adolescentes de dois contextos sociais diferentes. Participaram da pesquisa 220 adolescentes do sexo masculino, sendo 100 estudantes e 120 adolescentes em situação de exclusão social. Foi aplicado um instrumento que continha, dentre outras, a seguinte questão "O que você acha da pena de morte? Por quê?". De um modo geral, os resultados revelaram o predomínio de respostas desfavoráveis à aplicação da pena de morte. Quando comparados os dois grupos de adolescentes, constatou-se que os estudantes se dividiram entre favoráveis e desfavoráveis à aplicação da pena de morte e os adolescentes em situação de exclusão mostraram-se predominantemente desfavoráveis. No que tange aos argumentos utilizados pelos participantes do presente estudo, a favor ou contra a pena de morte, nota-se que são concepções semelhantes aos que vêm sendo utilizadas no meio científico e filosófico e nos estudos empíricos.This study aimed to discover adolescents' conceptions on the death penalty from two different social contexts. About 220 male adolescents participated of this research, 100 students and 120 adolescents in social exclusion situation. An instrument was used which contained, among others, the following question: "What do you think about the death penalty? Why?" In general, results revealed the predominance of responses against the application of death penalty. When the two adolescent groups were compared, it was discovered that the students were divided in proponents and opponents to the application of death penalty, and the adolescents in exclusion situation demonstrated opposition to this issue. Concerning the arguments in favor or against the death penalty, those used by the participants of this study, it was highlighted that they were similar to scientific and philosophic conceptions and to empirical studies.

  2. Direito de morte e dever de vida: a mídia como canal de tecnologias políticas

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    Jeferson Bertolini

    2015-07-01

    Full Text Available http://dx.doi.org/10.5007/1806-5023.2015v12n1p64 Este artigo trata de duas tecnologias políticas descritas por Michel Foucault: o direito de causar a morte e o poder de causar a vida. O texto resgata dois temas tratados pelo autor (suplício e biopoder para discutir dois eventos em voga na mídia: o fuzilamento de traficantes na Indonésia (direito de causar a morte? e o avanço do noticiário em prol de uma vida saudável (poder de causar a vida?. O manuscrito conclui que a interação dessas tecnologias políticas promove uma espécie de habitus moderno, que produzir corpos politicamente dóceis e economicamente rentáveis.

  3. Estudo dos processos de mobilização, ativação e apoptose das células da medula óssea em modelo de morte encefálica em ratos

    OpenAIRE

    Laura Menegat

    2016-01-01

    INTRODUÇÃO: Estudos experimentais suportam a evidência de leucopenia persistente desencadeada pela morte encefálica (ME). OBJETIVO: Esse estudo teve como objetivo investigar o comportamento leucocitário na medula óssea e no sangue após a morte encefálica em ratos. MÉTODOS: A morte encefálica foi induzida através da inserção e insuflação rápida de um cateter no espaço intracraniano. Ratos falso-operados (FO) foram apenas trepanados. Decorridas seis horas, as células da medula óssea, coletadas ...

  4. CAUSAS DE MORTE E RAZÕES PARA EUTANÁSIA DE CÃES

    OpenAIRE

    Rafael Almeida Fighera

    2008-01-01

    A crescente aproximação afetiva entre os cães e o homem fez com que nos últimos anos fosse gerada muita informação científica sobre medicina canina. Entretanto, como a maior parte dessas informações é obtida através da literatura internacional, é comum que os clínicos e patologistas veterinários brasileiros necessitem extrapolar dados referentes à prevalência das diferentes doenças que causam morte de cães para nossa realidade. Baseado nisso, este estudo tem como objetivo principal dete...

  5. A casa da cabeça de cavalo: a morte como lucidez

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    Maria Theresa Abelha Alves

    2003-03-01

    Full Text Available Oromance de Teolinda Gersão, A casa da cabeça de cavalo, mesclando variados modelos narrativos, tais como o romance de folhetim, a narrativa fantástica e a metaficção historiográfica, propõe uma nova perspectiva para os fatos e os conceitos consagrados pela lógica e adota, como estratégia desconstrutora, o lúdico e o humorístico, ao discursar sobre a morte e sobre a História. 

  6. O exercício moral de memória da morte nos escritos religiosos do Brasil colonial (séculos XVII e XVIII)

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    Santos, Clara Braz dos [UNESP

    2016-01-01

    No Brasil, durante os séculos XVII e XVIII, pregadores e moralistas difundiram entre os colonos, por meio de sermões, livros de devoção, elogios e sonetos fúnebres, a ideia de que deveriam lembrar cotidianamente da morte, caso almejassem viver e morrer de acordo com os ditames da religião católica. A preocupação com os possíveis destinos das almas no além-túmulo – purgatório, inferno ou paraíso – foi fundamental para que esses letrados propagassem entre os colonos valores morais sobre a morte...

  7. Mortes e crimes cometidos com armas de fogo na cidade autônoma de Buenos Aires, 2002

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    Hugo Spinelli

    Full Text Available A violência se constitui em um dos problemas mais graves da América Latina. O uso de pequenas e leves armas de fogo é considerada a principal responsável por este fato. O objetivo do presente trabalho foi descobrir, a partir de dados do setor saúde, da justiça e da polícia, o número de mortes e crimes envolvendo armas de fogo ocorridos na cidade de Buenos Aires em 2002. Os dados sobre mortalidade e crimes foram obtidos dos Sistemas Nacionais de Estatísticas Vitais e Informação Criminal e os dados sobre apreensão de armas de fogo foram disponibilizados pela Polícia Federal. Utilizaram-se também dados de uma investigação anterior realizada por meio de entrevistas domiciliares a respeito de vitimização por armas de fogo. Durante o período ocorreram 1.304 mortes violentas, dos quais 23.7% corresponderam a mortes provocadas por armas de fogo. Dos 171 indiciamentos policiais por homicídio doloso, 60% haviam sido cometidos com armas de fogo. Das 2.108 pessoas entrevistadas, 6,7% haviam sido vítimas de um crime cometido com arma de fogo. Foram apreendidas 1.887 armas de fogo. A taxa de eventos violentos registrados foi maior nas delegacias da zona sudoeste da cidade, que se caracteriza por condições de vida mais precárias. O impacto da violência e sua relação com armas de fogo constitui-se em um tema relevante da agenda pública.

  8. Mortality in Transition: Study Protocol of the PrivMort Project, a multilevel convenience cohort study

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    Darja Irdam

    2016-07-01

    Full Text Available Abstract Background Previous research using routine data identified rapid mass privatisation as an important driver of mortality crisis following the collapse of Communism in Central and Eastern Europe. However, existing studies on the mortality crisis relying on individual level or routine data cannot assess both distal (societal and proximal (individual causes of mortality simultaneously. The aim of the PrivMort Project is to overcome these limitations and to investigate the role of societal factors (particularly rapid mass privatisation and individual-level factors (e.g. alcohol consumption in the mortality changes in post-communist countries. Methods The PrivMort conducts large-sample surveys in Russia, Belarus and Hungary. The approach is unique in comparing towns that have undergone rapid privatisation of their key industrial enterprises with those that experienced more gradual forms of privatisation, employing a multi-level retrospective cohort design that combines data on the industrial characteristics of the towns, socio-economic descriptions of the communities, settlement-level data, individual socio-economic characteristics, and individuals’ health behaviour. It then incorporates data on mortality of different types of relatives of survey respondents, employing a retrospective demographic approach, which enables linkage of historical patterns of mortality to exposures, based on experiences of family members. By May 2016, 63,073 respondents provided information on themselves and 205,607 relatives, of whom 102,971 had died. The settlement-level dataset contains information on 539 settlements and 12,082 enterprises in these settlements in Russia, 96 settlements and 271 enterprises in Belarus, and 52 settlement and 148 enterprises in Hungary. Discussion In addition to reinforcing existing evidence linking smoking, hazardous drinking and unemployment to mortality, the PrivMort dataset will investigate the variation in transition

  9. Modos de enfrentamento da morte violenta: a atuação dos servidores do departamento de criminalística do instituto geral de perícias do Rio Grande do Sul.

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    Neusa Rolita Cavedon

    2011-08-01

    Full Text Available No intuito de compreender os modos de enfrentamento de um fazer diário que envolve o convívio profissional com a morte violenta é que realizei uma pesquisa de cunho etnográfico, de 2007 a 2010, no Departamento de Criminalística (DC do Instituto-Geral de Perícias (IGP do Rio Grande do Sul. Entrevistas, observação simples e participante correspondem às técnicas escolhidas para a obtenção dos dados, e a análise dos achados de campo seguiu os ditames dos estudos etnográficos ao atentar para as interlocuções entre a visão êmica, a visão ética e os teóricos referenciados. A sustentação teórica sobre a morte encontra respaldo nos estudos de DaMatta (1987, Ariès (2000, Elias (2001 e Bauman (2008. Elias (2001 afirma que a morte na contemporaneidade foi recalcada sob dois âmbitos: o individual e o social. O recalque individual impõe uma distância dos moribundos, enquanto o recalque social se dá com a morte ocupando os bastidores da vida social. No caso dos servidores do DC, o enfrentamento da consciência da morte e da violência se dá pela ênfase no “outro mundo”, das almas; pela desconstrução, ao descobrir as causas da morte violenta por meio da busca pela verdade, mediante a utilização do método e das técnicas científicas; pela banalização, em que o corpo da vítima é visto como um “objeto” ou um “boneco”; por meio do riso, do humor negro; o enfrentamento de uma morte violenta no âmbito pessoal mediante o exercício profissional que desafie o indivíduo a ficar frente a frente com essa realidade. Os trabalhos de Marta et al. (2009, Combinato e Queiroz (2006 e Brêtas, Oliveira e Yamaguti (2006 mostram que os sujeitos por eles pesquisados não foram treinados para lidar com a morte no âmbito do trabalho, situação idêntica foi detectada junto aos servidores do DC, sendo a proposição educacional de Kovács (2005 aplicável ao caso em questão. A contribuição desta pesquisa para os estudos

  10. Contribuição ao estudo da estimativa do tempo decorrido de morte atraves da dosagem de ions potassio no humor vitreo

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    Paulo Cesar Gaiotto

    1997-01-01

    Resumo: Este estudo constituiu-se na determinação da concentração de íons potássio no humor vítreo de coelhos, e sua correlação na estimativa do tempo decorrido de morte. Procedemos à cQleta sistematizada de humor vítreo de 40 coelhos, submetidos ao mesmo mecanismo de morte (traumatismo crânio - encefálico seguido de decapitação), e retirada do humor vítreo em intervalos de 2/2 horas até 12horas "post-mortem". Realizamos a dosagem de íons potássio através da técnica de fotometria de chama, se...

  11. Terapia cognitivo-comportamental para luto pela morte súbita de cônjuge

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    Adriana Cardoso de Oliveira e Silva

    2011-01-01

    Full Text Available INTRODUÇÃO: O processo de luto devido à morte súbita de cônjuge apresenta particularidades que devem ser consideradas no atendimento clínico daqueles que passam por essa experiência. MÉTODOS: Estudo de caso de terapia para luto utilizando protocolo de atendimento cognitivista comportamental. O progresso da paciente foi avaliado no início e término do tratamento com Inventário Beck de Depressão (BDI, Inventário Beck de Ansiedade (BAI e Escala Beck de Desesperança (BHS, Inventário de Sintomas de Stress de Lipp (ISSL e Questionário de Saúde Geral (QSG. RESULTADOS: Houve redução da depressão, ansiedade e desesperança. Em relação ao estresse, a paciente passou da fase de exaustão para a de resistência. Houve redução do estresse psíquico (de 95% para 50%, da desconfiança em relação ao próprio desempenho (de 90% para 40%, de distúrbios do sono (de 95% para 45%, de desejo de morte (de 95% para 20% e também de distúrbios psicossomáticos (de 95% para 60%. CONCLUSÃO: O atendimento terapêutico para esse tipo específico de luto mediante o enfoque da terapia cognitivo-comportamental se mostrou eficaz.

  12. A morte como elemento cultural mexicano em Pedro Páramo, de Juan Rulfo

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    Ana Paula Cantarelli

    2013-06-01

    Full Text Available Pedro Páramo (1955, de Juan Rulfo, desde sua publicação tem sido alvo de inúmeros estudos desenvolvidos por pesquisadores de diferentes áreas do conhecimento (história, sociologia, filosofia, etc.. Neste texto, buscou-se elaborar uma proposta de leitura a partir do reconhecimento da morte, símbolo nacional mexicano, como um elemento constituinte da estrutura narrativa desse romance, com a intenção de ampliar o campo de análises já delineado ao redor dessa obra.

  13. Estudo comparativo da freqüência da morte súbita inesperada por doença de Chagas, em Uberaba, nos anos de 1980 e 1990

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    Edison Reis Lopes

    1995-06-01

    Full Text Available Realizou-se estudo comparativo da freqüência e etiologia das mortes súbitas ocorridas no Município de Uberaba, Minas Gerais, em maiores de 15 anos de idade, nos anos de 1980 e de 1990, com o objetivo fundamental de analisar a freqüência atual do óbito súbito em nossa região e o eventual papel de medidas profiláticas e terapêuticas na morte súbita por doença de Chagas. Dos 1226 óbitos de 1980, 54 (4,4% foram súbitos e destes, 13 (24,1% etiologia atribuída à doença de Chagas. Em 1990foram pesquisados 1740 óbitos, dos quais 44 (2,5% foram súbitos; destes, somente 3 (6,8% devidos â tripanosomose cruzi. Os resultados indicam redução significativa na freqüência tanto da morte súbita em geral, como daquela devida à doença de Chagas, no ano de 1990, em relação ao de 1980, discutindo-se suas prováveis razões.

  14. La peine de mort : pratique judiciaire et débats

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Jean-Claude Farcy

    2010-04-01

    Full Text Available “L’expérience de tous les siècles prouve que la peine de mort n’a jamais arrêté les scélérats déterminés à nuire”...Il faudra plus de deux siècles pour que cet argument de Beccaria trouve en France sa conclusion logique par l’abandon de la peine capitale en octobre 1981. L’ouvrage du pénaliste italien (Des délits et des peines, 1764 avait pourtant reçu un accueil enthousiaste parmi les philosophes et écrivains des Lumières, d’autant plus qu’il paraissait dans une période marquée par de reten...

  15. Understanding north-western Mediterranean climate variability: a multi-proxy and multi-sequence approach based on wavelet analysis.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Azuara, Julien; Lebreton, Vincent; Jalali, Bassem; Sicre, Marie-Alexandrine; Sabatier, Pierre; Dezileau, Laurent; Peyron, Odile; Frigola, Jaime; Combourieu-Nebout, Nathalie

    2017-04-01

    Forcings and physical mechanisms underlying Holocene climate variability still remain poorly understood. Comparison of different paleoclimatic reconstructions using spectral analysis allows to investigate their common periodicities and helps to understand the causes of past climate changes. Wavelet analysis applied on several proxy time series from the Atlantic domain already revealed the first key-issues on the origin of Holocene climate variability. However the differences in duration, resolution and variance between the time-series are important issues for comparing paleoclimatic sequences in the frequency domain. This work compiles 7 paleoclimatic proxy records from 4 time-series from the north-western Mediterranean all ranging from 7000 to 1000 yrs cal BP: -pollen and clay mineral contents from the lagoonal sediment core PB06 recovered in southern France, -Sea Surface Temperatures (SST) derived from alkenones, concentration of terrestrial alkanes and their average chain length (ACL) from core KSGC-31_GolHo-1B recovered in the Gulf of Lion inner-shelf, - δ18O record from speleothems recovered in the Asiul Cave in north-western Spain, -grain size record from the deep basin sediment drift core MD99-2343 north of Minorca island. A comparison of their frequency content is proposed using wavelet analysis and cluster analysis of wavelet power spectra. Common cyclicities are assessed using cross-wavelet analysis. In addition, a new algorithm is used in order to propagate the age model errors within wavelet power spectra. Results are consistents with a non-stationnary Holocene climate variability. The Halstatt cycles (2000-2500 years) depicted in many proxies (ACL, errestrial alkanes and SSTs) demonstrate solar activity influence in the north-western Mediterranean climate. Cluster analysis shows that pollen and ACL proxies, both indicating changes in aridity, are clearly distinct from other proxies and share significant common periodicities around 1000 and 600 years

  16. La motivation des expressions idiomatiques de la mort en français, espagnol et anglais

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Isabel Negro Alousque

    2014-08-01

    Full Text Available Normal 0 21 false false false ES X-NONE X-NONE Les expressions idiomatiques, marquées par le figement et l’idiomaticité, ont fait l’objet de nombreuses recherches dans les dernières années (González Rey, 2002; Palma, 2007; García-Page, 2008. Le présent article porte sur la motivation des expressions idiomatiques de la mort dans une perspective cognitive (Lakoff et Johnson, 1980; Lakoff, 2006 et comparative. Nous analysons les deux types de motivation (iconique et culturelle qui fournissent une base à ces expressions en français, espagnol et anglais. La motivation iconique repose sur un mécanisme cognitif (métaphore, métonymie ou image mentale, alors que la motivation culturelle se fonde sur un élément appartenant au domaine de la religion, la mythologie, l’histoire ou la littérature. Ces locutions reflètent une vision de la mort en tant qu’évènement, ‘mourir’, ou en tant qu’état, ‘être mort’. Leur sens figuré semble s’enraciner dans notre expérience physique et/ou culturelle, ce qui pourrait expliquer pourquoi on retrouve des expressions identiques dans les trois langues étudiées

  17. O Sagrado e a Ritualidade Diante da Morte / The Sacred and the Rituality When Facing Death

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    João Batista Alves de Oliveira

    2012-06-01

    Full Text Available Morrer, expressão fria, não inspiradora, devastadora de sonhos, de amores. Certeza única em nossa vida. Ocorre, mais cedo ou mais tarde, de forma branda ou arrebatadora, sutil ou amargurante, suave ou sofrida. Momento em que precisamos agir de determinado jeito para elaborarmos e vivermos a perda, acompanhando a despedida de quem nos é caro e para convivermos adequadamente com a fase do luto. Aí se faz importante a realização do ritual, o qual andou se perdendo na atualidade, não valorizado pela frieza asséptica da morte moderna e que precisa ter retomado o seu valor, já que “... realizar a ação ritual significa conter o pensamento dentro das malhas da ação clara e significativa”.1 Não se pode atribuir uma fórmula ou um valor fixo ao rito, mas é certo que não é inútil. Ele representa a nossa história: quem somos, de onde viemos, para onde vamos, porque amamos e também, porque ali, no rito de morte, estamos sofrendo. É o momento de olharmos para aquele de quem nos despedimos e nos enxergarmos nele; de repensar o valor de nossa história, a intensidade do nosso amor, os caminhos e descaminhos de nossa vida juntos. Todo rito de morte, quando esta ocorre lentamente, como no caso de doenças prolongadas, nos prepara para a vivência do luto. Isso é fundamental, pois “o rito equivale a uma ação formal prescrita para ocasiões que vão além da rotina cotidiana teológica, correspondendo uma referência à crença em seus poderes místicos”.1 Nesse momento, precisamos dessas crenças, de apegarmo-nos ao Sagrado, independente da concepção que cada um faça deste.

  18. Uso dos diptera na análise entomotoxicológica e na estimativa do intervalo pós-morte (IPM - doi: 10.5102/ucs.v13i1.2846

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Diogo Barth Pacini

    2015-07-01

    Full Text Available A entomologia forense é o estudo de insetos que são encontrados em locais de crimes, e são utilizados como vestígios, aumentando a possibilidade de encontrar a causa da morte e a estimar o intervalo pós-morte (IPM. Com base nessas análises os entomólogos e os peritos observaram que os componentes químicos utilizados pelo individuo, tais como medicamentos ou drogas, ou até mesmo o uso de venenos alterava o que já se conhecia da estimativa do IPM, surgindo, desse modo uma nova vertente nesta ciência, que é a entomotoxicologia forense. O presente trabalho bibliográfico descreve os princípios básicos da entomotoxicologia abordando principalmente a interferência na estimativa do intervalo pós-morte.

  19. Potential for mine water reuse in an abandoned coal mine in northern Spain

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Marques, A.; Garcia-Ordiales, E.; Loredo, J. [Oviedo Univ., Asturias (Spain)

    2010-07-01

    This paper investigated the potential re-utilization of mine water in industrial activities. Mine water characterization studies were conducted to evaluate mine waters from the abandoned La Camocha Mine in northwestern Spain. Hydrochemical studies have indicated that the water is bicarbonated with a low sulphate and iron content, and a neutral pH. The concentrations of trace metals are below water legislation for human consumption levels. The water can economically be transported for use in the irrigation of a botanical garden and sports centre located in the same region as the mine. Use of the water will help to preserve rivers and other waterways in the region, and may also minimize the environmental impacts of pumping activities at the mine. Fluid properties for various water samples were provided. 6 refs., 1 tab., 3 figs.

  20. The mistery of Gustave Flaubert's death: could sudden unexpected death in epilepsy be part of the context? O mistério da morte de Gustave Flaubert: pode a morte súbita em epilepsia fazer parte o contexto?

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Marly de Albuquerque

    2009-06-01

    Full Text Available Epilepsy is the most common serious neurological condition and sudden unexpected death in epilepsy (SUDEP is the most important direct epilepsy-related cause of death. Information concerning risk factors for SUDEP is conflicting, but high seizure frequency is a potential risk factor. Additionally, potential pathomechanisms for SUDEP are unknown, but it is very probable that cardiac arrhythmias during and between seizures or transmission of epileptic activity to the heart via the autonomic nervous system potentially play a role. More than two decades ago, temporal lobe epilepsy was suggested as having been the ''nervous disease'' of Gustave Flaubert, one of the most important French novelists. In these lines, as the circumstances of his death were the subject of fabulous and mysterious speculations, we postulated in this paper that Falubert' death could be due SUDEP phenomenon.A epilepsia é a condição neurológica crônica grave mais comum e a morte súbita em epilepsia (SUDEP é a mais importante causa de morte diretamente relacionada à epilepsia. Informações sobre fatores de risco para SUDEP são conflitantes, porém, a alta freqüência de crises epilépticas é um fator de risco em potencial. Além disso, os mecanismos causais para SUDEP ainda não estão conhecidos, mas é muito provável que arritmias cardíacas durante e entre as crises epilépticas ou a transmissão da atividade epiléptica para o coração via sistema nervoso autônomo desempenhem um importante papel. Mais de duas décadas atrás, foi proposto que a "doença nervosa" de Gustave Flaubert, um dos mais importantes novelistas franceses, era epilepsia do lobo temporal. Nesse sentido, como a morte de Gustave Flaubert ainda seja motivo de misteriosa especulação, nosso artigo propõe que a mesma poderia estar relacionada ao fenômeno de SUDEP.

  1. Experiências de quase morte em parada cardíaca: implicações para o conceito de mente não local

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Natalie Trent-Von Haesler

    2013-01-01

    Full Text Available CONTEXTO: Experiências de quase morte (EQM são experiências vívidas, realísticas, que frequentemente promovem mudanças profundas na vida de pessoas que estiveram fisiológica ou psicologicamente próximas da morte. As EQM por vezes ocorrem durante uma parada cardíaca, na ausência de atividade cerebral detectável. OBJETIVO: Revisar os estudos prospectivos de EQM induzidas por paradas cardíacas e examinar as implicações desses estudos para o conceito de mente não local. MÉTODO: PubMed foi a principal base de dados utilizada para esta revisão. Os termos-chave da busca incluíram "parada cardíaca", "experiências de quase morte", "fisiologia da experiência de quase morte" e "experiências fora do corpo verídicas". RESULTADOS: Vários estudos prospectivos mostram incidência média de 10% a 20% de EQM induzidas por paradas cardíacas, independentemente de aspectos sociodemográficos, sexo, religião ou quaisquer parâmetros médicos, fisiológicos ou farmacológicos consistentes. Pessoas que passaram por EQM são mais propensas a mudanças de vida positivas que podem durar muitos anos após a experiência do que aquelas que não a tiveram. CONCLUSÕES: As teorias fisicalistas da mente não são capazes de explicar como pessoas que tiveram EQM podem vivenciar - enquanto seus corações estão parados e sua atividade cerebral aparentemente ausente - pensamentos vívidos e complexos e adquirir informações verídicas a respeito de objetos ou eventos distantes de seus corpos. As EQM em paradas cardíacas sugerem que a mente é não local, isto é, não é gerada pelo cérebro e não está confinada a ele ou ao corpo.

  2. Quando morre a flor do sertão: figuração da morte em “Buriti” de João Guimarães Rosa

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Sarah Maria Forte Diogo

    2008-12-01

    Full Text Available Este artigo tem por objetivo estudar de que modo é figurada a morte da personagem Maria Behú, de “Buriti”, Noites do sertão (1956, de João Guimarães Rosa e os símbolos que a ela se agregam. Para tanto, investigamos as focalizações narrativas que incidem sobre Behú, construindo sua imagem como beata, assexuada, atuante na esfera da metafísica, sendo a sua morte o início da intensa vivência da sexualidade pelos demais personagens. “Buriti” narra a estória dos habitantes da fazenda Buriti Bom e daqueles que por lá transitam e as mudanças que ocasionam na vida uns dos outros. Behú é a personagem que mais contrasta com o ambiente, pois dele difere por não apresentar marcas de erotismo ou vida plena. Behú funciona na novela como guardiã da tradição e da cultura, seus usos e seus costumes, estilizados pela linguagem roseana.Palavras-chave: João Guimarães Rosa; Cultura; Linguagem; Morte; Tradição.

  3. A cidade e a morte: a febre amarela e seu impacto sobre os costumes fúnebres no Rio de Janeiro (1849-50

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Rodrigues Cláudia

    1999-01-01

    Full Text Available O objetivo deste artigo é analisar o impacto da epidemia de febre amarela ocorrida no verão de 1849-50, na cidade do Rio de Janeiro, sobre os costumes fúnebres. Procura-se estudar em que sentido o alto índice de mortalidade, causado pelo surto, tornou-se o elemento catalisador de transformações nas atitudes da população em relação à morte e aos mortos. A hipótese central é a de que a epidemia teria representado o argumento final de que os médicos precisavam para convencer o governo imperial e a população da necessidade da implementação de seu projeto medicalizador da morte, cujo objetivo era normatizar os costumes fúnebres.

  4. Concepções Sobre Morte e Luto: Experiência Feminina Sobre a Perda Gestacional

    OpenAIRE

    Lemos, Luana Freitas Simões; Cunha, Ana Cristina Barros da

    2015-01-01

    Resumo A morte do filho antes do nascimento ou óbito fetal representa, geralmente, grande perda para pais e familiares constituindo acontecimento traumatizante, lembrado e temido em uma próxima gestação. A involução da gestação coloca em suspenso os sonhos, as esperanças, as expectativas e as esperas existenciais que os pais normalmente depositam no nascimento da criança. Diante disso, nosso objetivo foi estudar como mulheres vivenciam e enfrentam a situação de perda gestacional, com base na ...

  5. La métaphore, une question de vie ou de mort ?

    OpenAIRE

    Landheer, Ronald

    2007-01-01

    1. Introduction : métaphore et ambiguïtéEst-ce qu’il y a une relation essentielle entre la métaphore et l’ambiguïté ? Voilà la principale question à laquelle nous tâcherons de donner une réponse dans ce travail. Et du même coup nous nous proposons de re­mettre en cause a) la définition à notre sens un peu trop restrictive de l’ambiguïté donnée par Catherine Fuchs (1996) et b) la pertinence de la distinction traditionnelle entre métaphore vive et métaphore morte. 1.1. L’ambiguïtéEssayons d’abo...

  6. Morte e ironia em “A exposição das rosas”, de István Örkény

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Leonardo Francisco Soares

    2009-03-01

    Full Text Available Estudo da narrativa “A exposição das rosas”, de István Örkény, examinando o tema da morte e a problematização de sua representação. Nascido em 1912 e falecido em 1979, Örkény testemunhou de forma intensa e intrínseca as grandes convulsões que abalaram a Europa no século 20. Longe do panfleto, sua literatura tem como traço marcante a ironia. Na novela analisada, Iron Korom, um jovem e inexperiente diretor, tenta realizar um documentário sobre as horas finais de três pacientes desenganados, com o intuito de, nas suas palavras, ajudar os seus contemporâneos a compreenderem a experiência da morte. A partir do projeto de Korom, o texto de Örkény coloca-­nos diante de um confim: o limite da representação.

  7. O profissional da saúde e a finitude humana: a negação da morte no cotidiano profissional da assistência hospitalar

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Pimentel, Viviane

    2006-01-01

    Full Text Available Este artigo é um convite à reflexão sobre a prática dos profissionais da área de saúde no tocante à abordagem da morte no cotidiano institucional e na própria formação destes. A análise é voltada, fundamentalmente, aos que lidam com pacientes terminais. Conforme é mostrado, a falta de preparo das equipes de saúde e, em especial, dos médicos, no trato do fenômeno de finitude humana, é fruto de uma formação deficitária no que diz respeito à relação médico-paciente, somada a um processo social histórico de relegar a morte a um plano quase oculto no mundo contemporâneo. A reflexão proposta neste estudo é repensar essas questões, atrelando-lhe valores mais humanos, porém de forma esclarecida, trazendo a consciência da finitude da vida humana para a relação entre o paciente, o profissional, o tratamento e a doença que é vivenciada, visando tornar digno e pleno o período de vida que o paciente gozará até sua extinção, minimizando o impacto da morte sobre seus familiares e profissionais que o assistem.

  8. Epilepsy and sudden unexpected death in epilepsy?: Eat more fish! A group hypothesis Epilepsia e morte súbita?: Coma mais peixe! A hipótese de um grupo

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Roberta M. Cysneiros

    2009-09-01

    Full Text Available Epilepsy is the commonest serious neurological disorder and individuals with epilepsy are at higher risk of death than the general population and sudden unexpected death in epilepsy (SUDEP is the most important direct epilepsy-related cause of death. Potential pathomechanisms for SUDEP are unknown, but it is very probable that cardiac arrhythmias during and between seizures play a potential role. The ultimate goal of SUDEP research is to develop methods to prevent it and nutritional aspects such as omega-3 fatty acid deficiency may have an interesting role in this scenario. Omega-3 fatty acids reduce the risk of cardiovascular mortality and are important for treating or preventing some neurological diseases, including epilepsy. A dietary modification or nutritional supplements increasing the ingestion of omega-3 fatty acids may help to ''save the brain".A epilepsia é uma das doenças neurológicas sérias mais comuns e está associada a um maior risco de morte do que o observado na população geral e a morte súbita em epilepsia é uma importante causa de morte relacionada à epilepsia. Os potenciais patomecanismos da morte súbita em epilepsia são desconhecidos, mas é bastante provável que arritmias cardíacas durante ou entre as crises tenham um papel preponderante. O objetivo final das pesquisas em morte súbita em epilepsia é o desenvolvimento de métodos que levem à sua prevenção e aspectos nutricionais, como a deficiência de ômega-3 pode ter um papel interessante neste contexto. A suplementação com ômega-3 reduz o risco de mortalidade de origem cardiovascular e é importante no tratamento e prevenção de algumas doenças neurológicas, incluindo a epilepsia. A modificação dietética ou a suplementação nutricional aumentando a ingesta de ômega-3 pode ajudar a "salvar o cérebro".

  9. Grupo de Educação para a Morte: uma Estratégia Complementar à Formação Acadêmica do Profissional de Saúde

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Érika Arantes Oliveira-Cardoso

    Full Text Available Resumo Os cursos de Educação para a Morte têm sido propostos como uma tentativa de preencher uma lacuna importante da formação acadêmica na área da saúde, trazendo à tona temas que, frequentemente, são negligenciados no ensino, como o processo de morrer, atitudes frente à morte, cuidados paliativos, luto do profissional, dentre outros. Esses cursos necessitam ter objetivos claramente definidos, configurando uma proposta pedagógica que busca introduzir uma postura humanista e humanizada em cursos fortemente tecnicistas. O objetivo deste estudo é descrever uma experiência de implementação do Grupo de Educação para a Morte e conhecer a percepção dos participantes sobre essa experiência. Participaram do estudo oito alunas do último ano de um curso da área de saúde de uma universidade pública, com idades entre 22 e 24 anos. Foi aplicado um questionário autopreenchido, em dois momentos: pré e pós-intervenção. As respostas às questões abertas foram submetidas à análise de conteúdo temática. Constatou-se a importância do grupo como instrumento de aquisição de conhecimentos sobre o manejo de situações de terminalidade, espaço de ressignificação da morte e do morrer, reflexão sobre atitudes, condutas e papel profissional, e mudanças nos sentimentos despertados pelo cuidado de pacientes em estado crítico de saúde.

  10. MANIFESTAÇÕES PSICOLÓGICAS DE FAMILIARES COM PACIENTES EM MORTE ENCEFÁLICA

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Juliana Carneiro Torres

    2014-02-01

    Full Text Available Este estudo originou-se a partir de uma monografia aprovada para graduação de curso de psicologia. Apresenta como objetivo compreender as manifestações psicológicas de familiares com paciente em Morte Encefálica (ME, identificando as possíveis intervenções psicológicas nas diferentes fases vivenciadas: notícia do quadro clínico, verificação de ME, diagnóstico de ME e processo de doação de órgãos. Trata-se de uma revisão bibliográfica de artigos científicos referentes aos últimos dez anos, utilizando como referencial teórico, para análise das manifestações psicológicas, literatura acerca do Luto e da Abordagem Sistêmica Familiar, além de legislação referente ao tema. Nos resultados, foram identificados que os familiares apresentam vivências peculiares que podem repercutir no processo de luto, como a preocupação com o prognóstico do paciente na internação, a incompreensão da possibilidade e do diagnóstico da ME, podendo apresentar uma experiência de perda ambígua e dificuldade de vivência de reações de luto na abordagem para doação de órgãos, devido o tempo restrito para decisão. Dessa forma, conclui-se que é imprescindível o acompanhamento psicológico aos familiares do paciente em Morte Encefálica durante todo o processo.

  11. L'errance du récit dans La folie du jour et L’instant de ma mort de Maurice Blanchot = A errância da narrativa em La folie du jour e L’instant de ma mort de Maurice Blanchot

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Passos, Marie-Hélène Paret

    2013-01-01

    Full Text Available Esse texto é uma reflexão sobre a aproximação de dois textos de Maurice Blanchot La folie du jour et L’instant de ma mort. Na escritura dessa leitura entrecruzada, sobretudo embasada nos ensaios do autor. É um diálogo acerca de temas blanchotianos tais como o errante, o instante, a injustiça, o Holocausto, que se instaura

  12. Rotavirus Infection in Four States in North-western Nigeria | Aminu ...

    African Journals Online (AJOL)

    Background: Rotaviruses are associated with ~ 611,000 deaths worldwide and with 33,000 deaths in Nigeria in children < 5 years of age annually. However, limited data exit on rotavirus (RV) infection in North-western Nigeria. This study surveyed RV infection in four states in Northwestern Nigeria. Methods: During July ...

  13. Spain

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Zoppo, C.E.

    1990-01-01

    This paper reports on nuclear export activities in Spain, as elsewhere, which occur in a political, economic, and technological context. The factors operating the process are not always explicitly related in the public and the private sectors, nor between these sectors, by the relevant decision makers. A redefinition of Spain's policies in the nuclear sector has been going on since at least 1984, when a new energy plan was legislated by the newly elected Socialist government. It would be accurate to suggest that this process remains dynamic and not fully completed for policy purposes. This condition has resulted from the fact that Spain underwent a crucial political regime change from dictatorship to parliamentary democracy about a decade ago, with the transition to democracy only recently consolidated. Moreover, no policy in regard to nuclear nonproliferation existed during the Franco regime. Instead, Spain's official position was to maintain the right to preserve a nuclear option for national defense. However, this option was not developed into a concerted program to develop a nuclear military capability

  14. Assessment of the external costs of the coal fuel cycle and the wind energy cycle in Spain

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Linares, P.; Montes, J.; Saez, R.M.

    1995-09-01

    This study is part of the ExternE Project, a joint effort of the European Commission and the US Dept. of Energy to assess the externalities of different fuel cycles, and quantify them in monetary terms, as kWh price adders. For Spain, this assessment has been carried out for a coal plant hypothetically sited in Valdecaballeros, in Southwestern Spain, and for an existing farm in Cabo Villano, in the Northwestern corner. In this first stage, only environmental externalities have been assessed. The first section contains a description of the methodology used in the European project, based mostly on a damage function approach, and its adaptation to Spanish conditions. In the last section, this methodology has been applied to the fuel cycles mentioned. The impacts assessed have been, for the coal fuel cycle, health effects, agricultural and forest production losses, and global warming. For wind energy, the main impacts considered have been noise, loss of visual amenity, accidents and global warning. The results obtained can only be considered as underestimates, as there are still impacts that have not been assessed or quantified, specially for the coal fuel cycle. Thus, further research is needed for a complete assessment

  15. Killing tanoak in northwestern California

    Science.gov (United States)

    D. F. Roy

    1956-01-01

    Residual tanoak (Lithocarpus densiflorus (Hook. & Arn.) Rehd.) trees and tanoak sprouts often are an important component of the vegetation which competes with conifer reproduction in northwestern California. Sometimes enough tanoak is present in Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii (Mirb.) Franco) stands to dominate the...

  16. Os espaços de memória e a morte como imagem em Cien años de soledad, de Gabriel García Márquez

    OpenAIRE

    Suziane Carla Fonseca

    2015-01-01

    Os 'espaços de memória e a morte como imagem' em 'Cien años de soledad' são o tema desta tese, que busca compreender como é representada a memória individual e a coletiva no principal romance do escritor colombiano Gabriel García Márquez, além de problematizar uma concepção que traz a morte como potência visual, naquilo que apresenta de possibilidades para se refletir sobre algumas das questões cruciais da América Latina no século XX no contexto de transição para a modernidade. Tais temáticas...

  17. Julgamento moral sobre pena de morte e redução da maioridade penal Moral judgments on death penalty and reduction of criminal majority

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Lilian Kelly de Sousa Galvão

    2011-08-01

    Full Text Available O objetivo principal deste trabalho foi investigar o julgamento moral de estudantes do ensino médio e de licenciaturas sobre pena de morte e redução da maioridade penal. Para tanto, utilizou-se como suporte teórico e empírico a tipologia do desenvolvimento moral de Lawrence Kohlberg. Participaram deste estudo 200 estudantes que responderam, além de uma lista que solicitava informações de alguns dos seus dados biodemográficos, a questões relacionadas à pena de morte e à redução da maioridade penal. De um modo geral, os participantes opinaram favoravelmente pela pena de morte e pela redução da maioridade penal, e, em defesa de suas opiniões, utilizaram, sobretudo, argumentos típicos dos estágios hierarquicamente inferiores da tipologia kohlberguiana, havendo, contudo, algumas diferenças entre as respostas em função do grau de escolaridade. Esses resultados foram discutidos com base na teoria kohlberguiana e em estudos empíricos que tratam dos temas pena de morte e redução da maioridade penal.The aim of this study was to investigate the moral judgments of students of high school and degrees on the death penalty and the reduction of criminal majority. Thus, it was used to support the theoretical and empirical typology of moral development of Lawrence Kohlberg. The study included 200 students who responded, beyond a list that requested information from some of their bio-demographic data, questions related to death penalty and reduction of criminal majority. In general, participants opined in favor of the death penalty and the reduction of criminal majority, and in defense of their views, used mainly typical arguments hierarchically lower stages of the Kohlberg's typology there, however, some differences between the responses according to level of schooling. These results were discussed taking into consideration the Kohlberg's theory and empirical studies dealing with the issues of death penalty and reduction of criminal

  18. Discursos de enfermeiras sobre morte e morrer: vontade ou verdade? Discursos de enfermeras sobre la muerte y el morir: ¿Voluntad o verdad? Nurses' speeches on death and to die: truth or will?

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Karen Schein da Silva

    2009-06-01

    Full Text Available Propomos olhar para a morte e o morrer como uma construção social, histórica e cultural. Assim, nos aproximamos dos Estudos Culturais para conhecer discursos de enfermeiras sobre o tema. O corpus da pesquisa são artigos de dois periódicos nacionais de enfermagem. Nas análises utilizamos ferramentas propostas por Michel Foucault que possibilitaram constituir quatro categorias: a morte silenciada e ocultada; travando uma luta contra a morte; a morte em cena: multiplicidade de facetas e a morte e os cuidados paliativos: mudança de paradigma. O estudo destaca o modo como as publicações operam na produção dos saberes sobre a morte e o morrer subjetivando as enfermeiras.Nos proponemos mirar la muerte y el morir como una construcción social, histórica y cultural. Así, nos aproximamos a los Estudios Culturales para conocer discursos de enfermeras sobre el tema. El corpus de la investigación son artículos de dos periódicos nacionales de enfermería. En nuestros análisis utilizamos herramientas propuestas por Michel Foucault que posibilitaran construir cuatro categorías: la muerte silenciada y ocultada; entablando una lucha contra la muerte; la muerte en escena: multiplicidad de facetas, y la muerte y los cuidados paliativos: cambio de paradigma. El estudio destaca el modo en que las publicaciones operan en la producción de los saberes sobre la muerte y el morir subjetivando a las enfermeras.We consider looking at the death and dying as a social, historical and cultural construction. Thus, in we approach them to the Cultural Studies to know nurses´ speeches on the subject. The research is periodic articles of two national ones of nursing. In the analyses we use tools proposals for Michel Foucault that they make possible to constitute four categories: the silenced and occulted death; stopping one it fights against the death; the death in scene: multiplicity of faces and the palliative death and cares: paradigm change. The study

  19. Espaço cemiterial e Turismo: campo de ambivalência da vida e morte

    OpenAIRE

    Charlene Brum Del Puerto; Maria Luiza Cardinale Baptista

    2015-01-01

    No presente artigo, são feitas considerações acerca da relação entre o espaço cemiterial e o turismo, como campo de expressão e representação da ambivalência vida e morte, trazendo reflexões possíveis para entender a utilização das necrópoles na atividade turística. O texto apresenta discussão decorrente de estudo que está sendo realizado para o desenvolvimento da dissertação de Mestrado em Turismo e Hospitalidade da Universidade de Caxias do Sul/RS (UCS), envolvendo a abordagem do cemitério ...

  20. Avaliação do conhecimento de intensivistas sobre morte encefálica Evaluation of intensivists' knowledge on brain death

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Alaor Ernst Schein

    2008-06-01

    Full Text Available JUSTIFICATIVA E OBJETIVOS: A falha ou atraso no diagnóstico de morte encefálica resulta na ocupação desnecessária de um leito hospitalar, em perdas emocionais e financeiras e na indisponibilidade de órgãos para transplante. O médico intensivista tem fundamental papel nesse diagnóstico. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar o conhecimento sobre morte encefálica entre os intensivistas. MÉTODO: Estudo transversal em 15 unidades de terapia intensiva (UTI em oito hospitais da cidade de Porto Alegre, Brasil. RESULTADOS: Duzentos e quarenta e seis intensivistas foram entrevistados em uma amostra consecutiva entre abril e dezembro de 2005. Encontrou-se prevalência de desconhecimento do conceito de morte encefálica de 17%. Vinte por cento dos entrevistados desconheciam a necessidade legal de exame complementar para o seu diagnóstico. Quarenta e sete por cento se consideraram no nível máximo de segurança para explicar o conceito para a família de um paciente. Vinte e nove por cento desconheciam a hora do óbito legal para os pacientes em morte encefálica. Os intensivistas pediátricos tiveram menor conhecimento do conceito em relação aos intensivistas de adultos (p BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Failure or delay to diagnose brain death leads to needless occupation of a hospital bed, emotional and financial losses, and unavailability of organs for transplants. The intensive care physician plays an essential role in this diagnosis. This study intended to evaluate intensivists' knowledge concerning brain death. METHODS: Cross-sectional study in 15 intensive care units (ICU in eight hospitals in the city of Porto Alegre, Brazil. RESULTS: Two hundred forty-six intensivists were interviewed in a consecutive sample between April and December 2005. The prevalence of lack of knowledge regarding the concept was of 17%. Twenty per cent of the interviewees ignored the legal need for complementary confirmatory tests for their diagnosis. Forty-seven per

  1. Focus: Spain

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Ferguson, M.P.

    1992-01-01

    Historically, Spain's nuclear program has had its share of successes and challenges. The country currently operates nine nuclear reactors totalling over 7,100 MWe of capacity and accounting for more than a third of Spain's electricity generation. Yet four reactors at advanced stages of construction remain mothballed due to a government-imposed moratorium, and a fire at one reactor in 1989 led to its premature closure and to a revival of anti-nuclear sentiment in the country. In the new national energy plan, Spain opted to continue the moratorium and rely upon conservation measures, additional natural gas imports, and electricity imports to meet expected demand. The current nuclear facilities will continue to operate, and the government will continue to pursue advanced reactor research, and expansion of the country's domestic uranium industry. Spain's integration into the European Community also is affecting the country's energy plans, prompting consolidation within the Spanish electricity sector in order to be more competitive in Europe

  2. Demography of Dall's sheep in northwestern Alaska

    Science.gov (United States)

    Kleckner, Christopher; Udevitz, Mark S.; Adams, Layne G.; Shults, Brad S.

    2003-01-01

    Dall’s sheep in northwestern Alaska declined in the early 1990s following the severe 1989-90 and 1990-91 winters. In the Baird Mountains of Noatak National Preserve, estimates of adult sheep declined by 50% from 800 in 1989 to under 400 in 1991. Population counts remained low throughout 1991 to 1996, reaching a minimum of 244 adult sheep in 1996. Few lambs were observed during annual midsummer aerial surveys in 1991 to 1994. We suspect that these declines resulted from a combination of poorer nutritional condition and increased vulnerability of sheep to predation resulting from severe winter conditions.As a result of these declines, both subsistence and sport hunting seasons were closed by emergency order in 1991, resulting in substantial management controversy. The affected publics, although willing to accept the closures, questioned the validity of the sheep survey data and strongly emphasized their interest in restoring harvests as soon as populations increased sufficiently. In 1995 the Northwest Arctic Regional Advisory Council, the local advisory committee for the Federal Subsistence Board, passed a motion supporting efforts to initiate research on sheep populations in the region to better understand the factors limiting sheep populations and to evaluate sheep survey methodologies.Currently estimates of Dall’s sheep population size and composition in the western Brooks Range are based on intensive fixed-wing aerial surveys conducted annually since 1986 in areas including the Baird Mountains. The annual variation in recent Baird Mountains aerial counts cannot be explained with reasonable assumptions about reproduction and survival, suggesting that there is some variability in the proportion of the population observed each year or that a substantial number of sheep move during the survey. Prior to our research, no attempt had been made to estimate visibility bias or precision for these surveys.Our understanding of Dall’s sheep population biology comes

  3. La mort dans quelques qenē en amharique Death in a few qenē in Amharic

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Daniel Assefa

    2012-01-01

    Full Text Available Ce travail présente vingt qenē, poésie en amharique à double sens, dont le texte original est accompagné d’une traduction annotée en français. Le thème de la mort y est présent, abordé de façon diverse. Issus d’un recueil établi par le blatēn gētā māḥtama Śellāsē en 1961, ces poèmes véhiculent mémoire collective et culture populaire. Ainsi, des événements collectifs traumatisants de l’histoire éthiopienne tout autant que les décès de personnages historiques importants y sont largement évoqués. Quelques poèmes présentent des allégories de la mort, tandis que d’autres s’attachent à exprimer les émotions ressenties durant un deuil.Twenty qenē, poems in Amharic with a double meaning, are presented, the original text along with an annotated translation in French. The theme of death is handled variously. Coming from a collection compiled by blatēn gētā māhtama Śellāsē in 1961, these poems convey a group memory and folk culture. They mention traumatic events in Ethiopian history as well as the death of major historical figures. A few poems contain allegories about death whereas others try to express the emotions felt in bereavement.

  4. 76 FR 77214 - Hawaii Crustacean Fisheries; 2012 Northwestern Hawaiian Islands Lobster Harvest Guideline

    Science.gov (United States)

    2011-12-12

    ... Crustacean Fisheries; 2012 Northwestern Hawaiian Islands Lobster Harvest Guideline AGENCY: National Marine...: Notification of lobster harvest guideline. SUMMARY: NMFS establishes the annual harvest guideline for the commercial lobster fishery in the Northwestern Hawaiian Islands (NWHI) for calendar year 2012 at zero...

  5. A angústia, o nada e a morte em Heidegger Anguish, nothingness and death in Heidegger

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Marco Aurélio Werle

    2003-01-01

    Full Text Available O artigo investiga a relação entre os conceitos de medo, angústia, nada e morte na filosofia da existência de Heidegger. Pretende-se apontar para o papel destes fenômenos existenciais na passagem do ser-aí desde a inautenticidade para a autenticidade de seu ser.This paper investigates the relationship between the concepts of fear, anguish, nothingness and death in Heidegger's philosophy of existence. It points to the role of these existential phenomena in the transformation of "Dasein", from the inauthenticity to the authenticity of its Being.

  6. Elevated heat pump effects of dust aerosol over Northwestern China during summer

    Science.gov (United States)

    Tang, Yaoguo; Han, Yongxiang; Ma, Xiaoyan; Liu, Zhaohuan

    2018-05-01

    The Elevated Heat Pump (EHP) effect demonstrates a significant interaction between the aerosol climatic effect and the monsoon, both are important for climate research. In Northwestern China, the influence of EHP mechanism is still lacking in research. In this study, the EHP effects in Northwestern China are investigated by three sensitivity tests using a WRF-Chem model coupled with the Shao dust emission scheme. Results show that: 1) the anomalous circulation caused by dust aerosols are proved to the existence of EHP effect in Northwestern China; 2) three updrafts over the desert are transported eastward at high altitude and subside in Northeastern China, forming a complete secondary circulation with low-level easterly flow from Badain Jaran and Tengger to Taklimakan; 3) a northeasternerly anomaly flow from Northeastern China can affect the intensity of East Asian summer monsoon (EASM), and increase precipitation in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River and decrease precipitation in Northeastern China. 4) We present a conceptual model of EHP in Northwestern China to provide a better understanding of the climatic effects of dust aerosols.

  7. Epidemiological study of Paget's disease of bone in a zone of the Province of Salamanca (spain)

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Mironon-Canelo, J.A.; Del Pino-Montes, J.; Vicente-Arroyo, M.; Saenz-Gonzalez, M.C.

    1997-01-01

    Bone Paget's disease is heterogeneously distributed and several foci of high prevalence have been reported in Spain. The aim of the present work was to determine the prevalence of the disease in a zone situated in the northwestern sector of the Province of Salamanca (Spain) using a cross sectional epidemiological study. Sample choice was based on a stratified sampling according to the residence, age and sex of the inhabitants of the zone. A sampling error of 5% and a confidence level of 95% were considered; these afforded a sample of 378 units. Final choice of the subjects was based on a random pathway method. Data collection was accomplished with a personal interview using a 31-item questionnaire and analytical screening (AP and GGT). The field work was carried out over a one-year period. The data were input onto a calculation sheet for analysis and epidemiological interpretation. Finally, clinico-radiological confirmation of the cases deemed positive in the screening was accomplished. The prevalence of PBD in the zone studied is 5.7% (95% CI: 4.5-6.9). The highest percentage of patients lies within the age group between 70-79 years; most of these patients were women. The mean residence time in the zone was 66 years. According to the findings, this geographic zone has a high prevalence of PBD

  8. Spain: Europe's California.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Wilvert, Calvin

    1994-01-01

    Contends that, as Spain integrates into the European Economic Community, it is considered to be Europe's California. Asserts that making regional comparisons between California and Spain can be an effective teaching method. Provides comparisons in such areas as agriculture and tourism. (CFR)

  9. La mort de Tupac Amaru, l’ultime cataclysme ?

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Nejma Jalal-Kermele

    2011-06-01

    Full Text Available L’exécution du jeune Inca Tupac Amaru en 1572 fut pour les Indiens du Pérou un véritable cataclysme. Il s’insérait dans un contexte particulier : celui de la vice-royauté du Pérou qui connaissait, depuis de longues années, une série de guerres et de complots. Au cœur de cet espace troublé, se trouvait un royaume néo-inca que la Couronne espérait vaincre par une politique du compromis. Toledo, envoyé pour faire rentrer le Pérou dans un ordre nouveau, avait marqué, dès le début de son gouvernement, son opposition au régime de Vilcabamba dont la seule présence fragilisait la légitimité du pouvoir du roi de Castille aux Indes. C’était donc la question des Justes Titres qui préoccupait Toledo, décidé à lutter activement contre la pensée de Las Casas. La mort d’un messager, envoyé pour négocier avec l’Inca, servit de prétexte à une attaque de Vilcabamba qui permit l’arrestation du jeune Tupac Amaru que le vice-roi décida de condamner à mort, en dépit de sa conversion au catholicisme. L’exécution marqua pour les Indiens la fin d’un monde, la fin d’un espoir et apparut comme l’ultime catastrophe, une répétition de la mort de l’Inca et des Dieux. De nombreux récits rapportent la détresse infinie des Indiens et la désapprobation quasi générale des témoins. Nous voudrions proposer ici une rapide analyse des différentes lectures du cataclysme et tenter de montrer que, pour Toledo, il s’inséra dans une politique claire et assumée. Outre la question idéologique, le vice-roi s’appuya sur des arguments sécuritaires et fit finalement de Tupac Amaru non un prince mais un simple délinquant de droit commun. Cette réécriture de l’Histoire permit d’instaurer une nouvelle définition de la politique espagnole au Pérou mais le cataclysme marqua les esprits et Tupac Amaru, loin d’être oublié, devint un symbole qui traversa les siècles jusqu’à aujourd’hui.La ejecución del joven

  10. Spain's uranium industry

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Ferguson, M.P.

    1992-01-01

    Spain currently operates nine nuclear reactors totalling over 7,100 MWe of capacity, contributing about one-third of all electricity generated in Spain. Four reactors at advanced stages of construction remain mothballed as the result of a government-imposed moratorium, and a fire at Vandellos 1 in 1989 led to its premature closure and to a revival of anti-nuclear sentiment in the country. In the new national energy plan, which was sent to the Spanish Parliament on July 25, 1991, Spain opted to continue the nuclear moratorium that began in 1984 and rely upon conservation measures, additional natural gas imports, and electricity imports to meet expected demand. Under the new plan, nuclear power's share of Spain's total installed electrical generating capacity will fall from about 17 percent in 1990, to approximately 14 percent by the end of the century, as only the current nuclear facilities will continue to operate and no new nuclear plants will be built. Spain's integration into the European Community also is affecting the country's energy plans, prompting consolidation within the Spanish electricity sector in order to be more competitive in Europe. To supply the existing reactors, the government is supporting a major expansion of the country's domestic uranium industry

  11. Agricultural credit repayment in Finoteselam town, northwestern ...

    African Journals Online (AJOL)

    ... of loans to consumption ends. Family planning, creating enabling conditions for insurance markets, and enhancing labour markets are areas of policy concerns that could further improve loan repayment performances. Key words: Agricultural credit, determinants, microfinance, ACSI, northwestern Ethiopia, Finoteselam ...

  12. Beak deformities in Northwestern Crows: Evidence of a multispecies epizootic

    Science.gov (United States)

    Van Hemert, Caroline; Handel, Colleen M.

    2010-01-01

    Beak abnormalities are rare among adult birds and, typically, are not widespread in a given population, within a region, or across multiple species. A high concentration of beak deformities was recently documented in Black-capped Chickadees (Poecile atricapillus) and other resident avian species in Alaska. We describe a parallel condition in Northwestern Crows (Corvus caurinus) that signals the emergence of a multispecies epizootic. On the basis of 186 Northwestern Crows captured at six sites in Alaska during 2007 and 2008, we estimated the prevalence of beak deformities in adults to be 16.9 ± 5.3%, the highest rate of gross deformities ever recorded in a wild bird population. Prevalence varied among sites and was as high as 36% on the Kenai Peninsula, which suggests possible epizootic clusters. We also documented beak abnormalities in an additional 148 Northwestern Crows in south-central and southeastern Alaska and in 64 crows near Vancouver, British Columbia, and Puget Sound, Washington, a region where both Northwestern Crows and American Crows (C. brachyrhynchos) occur. The increase in frequency and distribution of crows observed with abnormal beaks throughout the Pacific Northwest since the late 1990s indicates a geographic expansion of this problem. Affected crows exhibited elongated and often crossed beaks that were morphologically similar to deformities documented in Black-capped Chickadees and other species in Alaska over approximately the same period. Additional research is needed to determine the etiology and potential adverse effects on bird populations affected by this disorder.

  13. Mortes no trânsito do Rio de Janeiro, Brasil

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Klein Carlos Henrique

    1994-01-01

    Full Text Available A evolução urbana do município do Rio de Janeiro durante o século XX, especialmente a partir da sua segunda metade, é fortemente marcada por crescentes privilégios concedidos ao crescimento da utilização dos meios de transporte de massa e, principalmente, individuais, feitos por veículos a motor de explosão. Uma das conseqüências desta política é a ascenção da mortalidade por acidentes de trânsito, verificada durante a década de 80, entre homens e mulheres de todas as idades. Neste trabalho demonstra-se também que, em 1990, apenas cerca de 1/3 das vítimas fatais nos acidentes de trânsito estavam "embarcadas" nos veículos. Portanto, a maioria dos óbitos por este tipo de acidente, cerca de 2/3, ocorreu por atropelamentos. Isto indica a necessidade de o poder público reverter a prioridade na prevenção das mortes por acidentes de trânsito em favor de medidas eficazes que protejam os pedestres.

  14. Mortes no trânsito do Rio de Janeiro, Brasil

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Carlos Henrique Klein

    Full Text Available A evolução urbana do município do Rio de Janeiro durante o século XX, especialmente a partir da sua segunda metade, é fortemente marcada por crescentes privilégios concedidos ao crescimento da utilização dos meios de transporte de massa e, principalmente, individuais, feitos por veículos a motor de explosão. Uma das conseqüências desta política é a ascenção da mortalidade por acidentes de trânsito, verificada durante a década de 80, entre homens e mulheres de todas as idades. Neste trabalho demonstra-se também que, em 1990, apenas cerca de 1/3 das vítimas fatais nos acidentes de trânsito estavam "embarcadas" nos veículos. Portanto, a maioria dos óbitos por este tipo de acidente, cerca de 2/3, ocorreu por atropelamentos. Isto indica a necessidade de o poder público reverter a prioridade na prevenção das mortes por acidentes de trânsito em favor de medidas eficazes que protejam os pedestres.

  15. 75 FR 1597 - Western Pacific Crustacean Fisheries; 2010 Northwestern Hawaiian Islands Lobster Harvest Guideline

    Science.gov (United States)

    2010-01-12

    ... Pacific Crustacean Fisheries; 2010 Northwestern Hawaiian Islands Lobster Harvest Guideline AGENCY.... ACTION: Notification of lobster harvest guideline. SUMMARY: NMFS announces that the annual harvest guideline for the commercial lobster fishery in the Northwestern Hawaiian Islands (NWHI) for calendar year...

  16. Causas mal definidas de morte e óbitos sem assistência Ill-defined causes of death and unattended deaths, Brazil, 2003

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Augusto Hasiak Santo

    2008-02-01

    Full Text Available OBJETIVOS: Este trabalho estuda a distribuição dos óbitos por causas mal definidas no Brasil, no ano de 2003, entre as quais identifica a proporção de mortes sem assistência. MÉTODOS: Os dados provieram do Sistema de Informações Sobre Mortalidade, coordenado pelo Ministério da Saúde. As causas mal definidas de morte compreenderam as incluídas no "Capítulo XVIII - Sintomas, sinais e achados anormais de exames clínicos e de laboratório não classificados em outra parte" da Classificação Estatística Internacional de Doenças e Problemas Relacionados à Saúde, décima revisão, capítulo este no qual a categoria R98 identificava a "morte sem assistência". RESULTADOS: No Brasil, em 2003, a causa básica de 13,3% dos óbitos foi identificada como mal definida, sendo que as proporções maiores ocorreram nas Regiões Nordeste e Norte. Do total de causas mal definidas no país, 53,3% corresponderam a mortes sem assistência, proporção esta que superou 70% nos Estados do Maranhão, Piauí, Rio Grande do Norte, Pernambuco, Bahia, Paraíba e Alagoas. CONCLUSÃO: Dada a estrutura descentralizada para o levantamento dos óbitos no país, identifica-se a maior responsabilidade dos municípios e, em seguida, dos Estados para o aprimoramento da qualidade das estatísticas de mortalidade.BACKGROUND: We studied the distribution of deaths from ill-defined causes that occurred in Brazil during 2003, from which was identified the proportion of unattended deaths. METHODS: Data were obtained from the Mortality Information System, coordinated by the Ministry of Health. Causes of death included in "Chapter XVIII - Symptoms, signs and abnormal clinical and laboratory findings, not classified elsewhere" of the International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems, tenth revision, were considered ill-defined, among which the category R98 identified "unattended deaths". RESULTS: In Brazil during 2003 the underlying causes of

  17. Luto e Sociedade no Brasil do final do século XX. O imaginário sobre a morte e o morrer, a dor e a perda na cidade de João Pessoa, PB

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Mauro Guilherme Pinheiro Koury

    2011-04-01

    Full Text Available Este artigo tem por objetivo a compreensão das apreensões imaginárias sobre as noções de perda, e de dor, da morte e do morrer entre os habitantes da cidade de João Pessoa, capital do estado brasileiro da Paraíba. O que se espera é a apreensão das formas societárias contidas no imaginário dos informantes sobre o processo de morte e o processo de perda enquanto significados socialmente esperados de conduta e de valores frente a esses processos.

  18. Food habits of pumas in northwestern Sonora, Mexico

    Science.gov (United States)

    Rosas-Rosas, O. C.; Valdez, R.; Bender, L.C.; Daniel, D.

    2003-01-01

    It is questionable whether food-habits studies of pumas conducted in the southwestern United States can be extrapolated to northwestern Mexico, because of differences in management, distribution, and abundance of wildlife. We determined food habits of pumas (Puma concolor) in the Sonoran Desert of northwestern Sonora, Mexico. Based on studies in the western United States, we hypothesized that desert mule deer (Odocoileus hemionus) were the major food source of pumas in Sonoran Desert habitats of Mexico. The study area supports populations of desert mule deer, white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus), lagomorphs (Lepus spp. and Sylvilagus audubonii), collared peccary (Pecari tajacu), and the largest population (???300 individuals) of desert bighorn sheep (Ovis canadensis) in Sonora. Based on pugmark characteristics, we recorded 3 different adult resident pumas in approximately 90 km2. We analyzed 60 puma fecal samples collected September 1996-November 1998. Primary prey items based on frequency of occurrence and estimated biomass consumed were desert bighorn sheep (40% and 45%, respectively), lagomorphs (33%, 19%), deer (17%, 17%), and collared peccary (15%, 11%). The high percentage of desert bighorn sheep in puma diets may be due to high abundance relative to mule deer, which declined in number during our study. No differences were found in puma diets between seasons (??22=2.4526, P=0.2934). Fluctuations in mule deer populations in northwestern Sonora may influence prey selection by pumas.

  19. Mortes e crimes cometidos com armas de fogo na cidade autônoma de Buenos Aires, 2002

    OpenAIRE

    Spinelli,Hugo; Alazraqui,Marcio; Zunino,Gabriela; Olaeta,Hernán; Poggese,Héctor; Concaro,Carola; Porterie,Sidonie

    2006-01-01

    A violência se constitui em um dos problemas mais graves da América Latina. O uso de pequenas e leves armas de fogo é considerada a principal responsável por este fato. O objetivo do presente trabalho foi descobrir, a partir de dados do setor saúde, da justiça e da polícia, o número de mortes e crimes envolvendo armas de fogo ocorridos na cidade de Buenos Aires em 2002. Os dados sobre mortalidade e crimes foram obtidos dos Sistemas Nacionais de Estatísticas Vitais e Informação Criminal e os d...

  20. Herpetological conservation in northwestern North America

    Science.gov (United States)

    Deanna H. Olson

    2009-01-01

    Conservation of the 105 species of amphibians, reptiles, and turtles in the northwestern United States and western Canada is represented by a diverse mix of projects and programs across ten states, provinces, and territories. In this paper, 29 contributing authors review the status of herpetofauna by state, province or territory, and summarize the key issues, programs...

  1. A cultura da violência: os crimes na Comarca do Rio das Mortes - Minas Gerais Século XIX

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Ivan de Andrade Vellasco

    2005-06-01

    Full Text Available A análise da documentação judicial da Comarca do Rio das Mortes, Minas Gerais, durante o século XIX, procura salientar a presença disseminada da violência como uma cultura que permeava as relações sociais. Busca-se, utilizando-se de dados quantitativos e qualitativos, interpretar os significados da violência e sua racionalidade enquanto forma legitimada de expressão de valores sociais, tais como honra e dignidade, e manutenção de prerrogativas sociais em contextos competitivos.

  2. Les récits de la mort d’Henri III publiés en Angleterre : régicide et fabrication de l’histoire dans les années 1590

    OpenAIRE

    Daniel, Marie-Céline

    2015-01-01

    Alors même qu’elle contenait en germes tous les ingrédients d’un fait divers passionnant, la nouvelle de la mort d’Henri III n’a pas été accompagnée à Londres d’une très importante production imprimée. Le régicide de 1589 semble avoir été considéré par les autorités anglaises comme un événement suffisamment grave pour que ne paraissent que des textes strictement contrôlés, et en général très vagues sur la mort du roi elle-même : à la manière d’un prisme, ils aident à voir mais dévient le rega...

  3. Dynamics, patterns and causes of fires in Northwestern Amazonia.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Armenteras, Dolors; Retana, Javier

    2012-01-01

    According to recent studies, two widespread droughts occurred in the Amazon basin, one during 2005 and one during 2010. The drought increased the prevalence of climate-driven fires over most of the basin. Given the importance of human-atmosphere-vegetation interactions in tropical rainforests, these events have generated concerns over the vulnerability of this area to climate change. This paper focuses on one of the wettest areas of the basin, Northwestern Amazonia, where the interactions between the climate and fires are much weaker and where little is known about the anthropogenic drivers of fires. We have assessed the response of fires to climate over a ten-year period, and analysed the socio-economic and demographic determinants of fire occurrence. The patterns of fires and climate and their linkages in Northwestern Amazonia differ from the enhanced fire response to climate variation observed in the rest of Amazonia. The highest number of recorded fires in Northwestern Amazonia occurred in 2004 and 2007, and this did not coincide with the periods of extreme drought experienced in Amazonia in 2005 and 2010. Rather, during those years, Northwestern Amazonia experienced a relatively small numbers of fire hotspots. We have shown that fire occurrence correlated well with deforestation and was determined by anthropogenic drivers, mainly small-scale agriculture, cattle ranching (i.e., pastures) and active agricultural frontiers (including illegal crops). Thus, the particular climatic conditions for air convergence and rainfall created by proximity to the Andes, coupled with the presence of one of the most active colonisation fronts in the region, make this region differently affected by the general drought-induced fire patterns experienced by the rest of the Amazon. Moreover, the results suggest that, even in this wet region, humans are able to modify the frequency of fires and impact these historically well preserved forests.

  4. Spain: NATO or Neutrality,

    Science.gov (United States)

    1980-04-01

    having Spain as a member. Spain is a traditional country in many ways. Religion is still a strongly-felt part of national life and atheism is looked at... Siglo XXI, 30 April 1979. Pedro J. Ramirez, "Diez Razones a favor de la OTAN," ABC, 17 September 1978, p. 7. 8 Ibid. Il 167 - SPAIN - WHAT’S IN IT...Cordoba and Granada. All three of the country’s major religions lived in relative harmony primarily in Moorish kingdoms, where the arts, commerce, and the

  5. Uma "boa" morte em UTI pediátrica: é isso possível? A "good" death in a pediatric ICU: is it possible?

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Daniel Garros

    2003-11-01

    Full Text Available OBJETIVO: Dentro das modernas UTIPs (unidades de terapia intensiva pediátricas existe um número elevado de casos em que a restrição ou a remoção de medidas de suporte de vida (MSV é realizada com o objetivo de permitir a morte da criança, para a qual não há mais tratamento viável. Conseqüentemente, a medicina paliativa está tomando lugar de destaque dentro da UTIP. O objetivo desta revisão é oferecer ao intensivista maneiras de prover para seu paciente uma morte digna e mais humana, dentro deste contexto. FONTES DOS DADOS: Utilizando uma revisão sistemática no banco de dados Medline, com terminologia pertinente, uma seleção de artigos pertinentes são revisados, com ênfase no tema morte em UTIP. Conceitos de medicina paliativa aplicáveis neste ambiente são introduzidos. SÍNTESE DOS DADOS: A morte digna para uma criança em cuidado paliativo dentro da UTIP pode ser alcançada, se algumas medidas simples são observadas, tais como: oportunizar à família participação em todo o processo decisório num ambiente de abertura e honestidade mútua, abrir as portas da UTI para certos rituais que a família julgar importante, oferecer privacidade, controlar efetivamente a dor e sintomas de desconforto na hora da remoção ou restrição de MSV, e proceder com remoção de MSV na presença da família, se assim ela desejar. CONCLUSÃO: A morte de uma criança em UTIP, quando resulta de restrição ou remoção de suporte de vida, pode ser dignificada e humanizada, se princípios básicos de medicina paliativa e cuidados centrados na família são trazidos para dentro deste ambiente, notadamente caracterizado como de alta tecnologia e visto pelo público como desumano.OBJECTIVES: In the modern pediatric intensive care unit (PICU physicians are often faced with the need to interrupt life-sustaining treatment (LST and to allow children to die when no further treatment options are available. Consequently, the importance of palliative

  6. Contribuição ao estudo da estmativa do tempo decorrido de morte por meio da dosagem de ions "Mg++", "K+", Na+", "Ca", "P" e eletrolito "U" no humor vitreo de coelhos

    OpenAIRE

    Paulo Cesar Gaiotto

    2003-01-01

    Resumo: A determinação da cronologia da morte (cronotanatognose) é ainda hoje matéria controversa e intrigante, tendo-se em vista a inexistência de um único método que determine com precisão. Após a morte celular, dá-se início ao processo denominado de autólise, neste todas as células apresentam dissolução de sua integridade química física e morfológica, procedendo-se à difusão de íons de acordo com os seus gradientes de concentração nos diferentes tecidos corpóreos, fatores anatômicos locais...

  7. Atividade antifúngica e cinética de morte microbiana de extratos obtidos de Streptomyces spp. isolados de solos paraibanos

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Thompson Lopes de Oliveira

    Full Text Available Foram coletadas sessenta e oito amostras em diferentes solos paraibanos, com o isolamento de quarenta e nove cepas de Streptomyces spp. Após triagem antimicrobiana, por meio da técnica de difusão em meio sólido com blocos de agar, foram preparados os extratos dos microrganismos produtores de metabólitos bioativos, respectivamente cepas SP1 e SP3, e em seguida avaliados quanto a atividade antifúngica frente a espécies de fungos filamentosos de origem clínica e ATCC. O antagonismo foi determinado através dos ensaios de difusão com discos em meio sólido, microdiluição e cinética de morte microbiana. Os halos de inibição obtidos a partir dos extratos Sp-1 e Sp-3 apresentaram efeito antagônico com valores superiores aos halos de inibição promovidos pela droga controle, frequentemente utilizada na terapêutica antifúngica. Os resultados das concentrações inibitórias mínimas na microdiluição foram expressivos com valores fungicidas variando entre 10 mg e 0,078125 mg. Na cinética de morte microbiana, as atividades dos extratos Sp-1 e Sp-3 resultaram em dados estatisticamente significativos frente às cepas testes.

  8. Spain.

    Science.gov (United States)

    1985-03-01

    Spain is a constitutional monarchy with a population of 38.3 million growing at .5%/year. The most striking topographical features are the high plateaus and internal compartmentalization by mountain and river barriers. Nearly 3/4 of the country is arid. The Iberian peninsula was the scene of successive invasions and warfare for centuries. Phoenicians, Greeks, Carthaginians, Moors, Celts, Romans, and Visigoths all invaded at some time. The present language, religion, and laws stem from the Roman Period. The Reconquest from the North African Moors lasted over 700 years until they were driven out in 1492. The unification of present day Spain was complete by 1512. A period of dictatorial rule from 1923-31 ended with establishment of the Second Republic which saw increasing political polarization culminating in the Spanish Civil War. Franco's victory in 1939 was followed by official neutrality but pro-Axis policies during World War II. Spain's economy began to recover during the 1950s, but large scale modernization and development did not occur until the 1960s. Prince Juan Carlos de Borbon y Borbon, Franco's personally designated heir, assumed the title of king and chief of state with Franco's death in 1975. Franco's last prime minister was replaced in July 1976 in order to speed the pace of post-Franco liberalization. Spain's 1st parliamentary elections since 1936 were held in 1977, and a new constitution protecting human and civil rights and granting due process was overwhelmingly approved in 1978. The constitution also authorized creation of regional autonomous governments. By the mid-1970s, Spain had developed a strong and diversified industrial sector and a thriving tourist industry. From 1975-83, there were 8 years of double-digit inflation, an average growth rate of 1.5% in real terms, and an increase in unemployment from about 4.7% to 18.4%. By 1984 there was substantial improvement in inflation and the balance of payments. Goals of current government economic

  9. Energy Made in Spain

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Ruiz del Arbol, M.

    2011-01-01

    Spain is the first country in Europe and the second worldwide in installed thermoelectric solar power, the second place in Europe and fourth worldwide in wind energy. Moreover, Spain is the second country in photovoltaic energy so in Europe as in the World.

  10. Je suis un zombie : Études récentes sur Richard Matheson et le mort-vivant

    OpenAIRE

    Ransom, Amy J.; Trudel, Jean-Louis

    2013-01-01

    Dans ce texte nous résumons quatre essais récents sur le phénomène actuel du zombie ainsi qu’un collectif sur l’œuvre de Richard Matheson dont la première version filmique du roman Je suis une légende a servi d’inspiration à l’ur-film de zombies, La nuit des morts vivants de George A. Romero. Tandis que Pierre Cassou-Noguès et Maxime Coulombe signent des traitements plus philosophiques du zombie, leurs ouvrages diffèrent beaucoup dans leur forme et leur fonction. Pour leur part, Amélie Pépin ...

  11. Northwestern University trial emerging optical solutions

    CERN Multimedia

    2001-01-01

    Nortel Networks, SBC Ameritech and Northwestern University announced the creation of OMNInet (Optical Metro Network Initiative), a collaborative experimental network. The OMNInet technology trial, a four-site network located in Chicago, will provide a test bed for all-optical switching, advanced high-speed technology such as 10 gigabit Ethernet (10GE) and will test next-generation applications in healthcare, industrial design, finance and commerce.

  12. Morte encefálica, cuidados ao doador de órgãos e transplante de pulmão

    OpenAIRE

    D'Império,Fernando

    2007-01-01

    JUSTIFICATIVA E OBJETIVOS: O transplante de órgãos é aceito como uma opção para doença orgânica terminal, em pacientes bem selecionados. Este é o resultado de grandes avanços nos campos da Imunologia, da Tecnologia da Terapia Intensiva e da Farmacologia. Entretanto, os sistemas de transplantes são, atualmente, vítimas de seu próprio sucesso, à medida que as listas de espera se alongam, em contraste com a disponibilidade de órgãos, que permanece estável, acarretando crescente número de mortes ...

  13. 7 CFR 319.56-34 - Clementines from Spain.

    Science.gov (United States)

    2010-01-01

    ... 7 Agriculture 5 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Clementines from Spain. 319.56-34 Section 319.56-34... Clementines from Spain. Clementines (Citrus reticulata) from Spain may only be imported into the United States... agreement. Clementines from Spain may be imported only if the Government of Spain or its designated...

  14. Spain's marketing sector seeing more changes

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Anon.

    1992-01-01

    This paper reports that Spain's petroleum marketing sector continues to restructure. Partly state owned Repsol SA and Royal Dutch/Shell Group are discussing supplying each other's retail outlets in the UK and Spain. And Portugal's state owned Petroleos de Portugal (Petrogal), seeking to sharply expand retail operations in Spain, complains of government interference with foreign investment in Spanish marketing. Meantime, Conoco Inc. Has agreed with Saras SpA Raffinerie Sarde, Milan, to set up a network of service stations in northern Spain and Portugal at a cost of 100 billion pesetas (%972 million). The two are considering building an oil terminal at the port city of Gijon in Asturias, Spain, and the Exxon Corp., Total, and Shell are interested in participating in the project

  15. North by Northwestern: initial experience with PACS at Northwestern Memorial Hospital

    Science.gov (United States)

    Channin, David S.; Hawkins, Rodney C.; Enzmann, Dieter R.

    2000-05-01

    This paper describes the initial phases and configuration of the Picture Archive and Communication System (PACS) deployed at Northwestern Memorial Hospital. The primary goals of the project were to improve service to patients, improve service to referring physicians, and improve the process of radiology. Secondary goals were to enhance the academic mission, and modernize institutional information systems. The system consists of a large number of heterogeneous imaging modalities sending imaging studies via DICOM to a GE medical Systems PathSpeed PACS. The radiology department workflow is briefly described. The system is currently storing approximately 140,000 studies and over 5 million images, growing by approximately 600 studies and 25,000 images per day. Data reflecting use of the short term and long term storage is provided.

  16. Forum on stakeholder confidence: Spain

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Vari, A.; Pescatore, C.

    2006-01-01

    The FSC workshop in Spain provided an important opportunity to carry out an in-depth examination of decision-making processes undertaken in an NEA member country, and to reflect on the evolution that has taken place over time. It offered a well-rounded perspective on the inclusion of stakeholders in decision making, and the atmosphere of the meetings was conducive to an honest and open exchange of ideas. The workshop started with the introduction of two case studies: the earlier attempt in Spain to locate a potential site for a high-level waste (HLW) disposal facility, and the dismantling of the Vandellos-I nuclear power plant. This was followed by two days of presentations and round-table discussions based on the recent COWAM Spain initiative (stemming from the EU-wide project on Community Waste Management), which aims at developing recommendations for institutional arrangements and decision-making processes concerning the siting of waste management facilities in Spain. This article provides a brief summary of the case studies and the COWAM Spain initiative, followed by some of the lessons learnt from an international perspective. (authors)

  17. 77 FR 5585 - Northwestern Mutual Series Fund, Inc. and Mason Street Advisors, LLC; Notice of Application

    Science.gov (United States)

    2012-02-03

    ... SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION [Investment Company Act Release No. 29939; File No. 812-13982] Northwestern Mutual Series Fund, Inc. and Mason Street Advisors, LLC; Notice of Application January 30, 2012... instruments. Applicants: Northwestern Mutual Series Fund, Inc. (``Company'') and Mason Street Advisors, LLC...

  18. HIV type 2 epidemic in Spain: challenges and missing opportunities.

    Science.gov (United States)

    de Mendoza, Carmen; Cabezas, Teresa; Caballero, Estrella; Requena, Silvia; Amengual, María J; Peñaranda, María; Sáez, Ana; Tellez, Raquel; Lozano, Ana B; Treviño, Ana; Ramos, José M; Pérez, José L; Barreiro, Pablo; Soriano, Vicente

    2017-06-19

    : HIV type 2 (HIV-2) is a neglected virus despite estimates of 1-2 million people infected worldwide. HIV-2 is less efficiently transmitted than HIV-1 by sex and from mother to child. Although AIDS may develop in HIV-2 carriers, it takes longer than in HIV-1-infected patients. In contrast with HIV-1 infection, there is no global pandemic caused by HIV-2, as the virus is largely confined to West Africa. In a less extent and due to socioeconomic ties and wars, HIV-2 is prevalent in Portugal and its former colonies in Brazil, India, Mozambique and Angola. Globally, HIV-2 infections are steadily declining over time. A total of 338 cases of HIV-2 infection had been reported at the Spanish HIV-2 registry until December 2016, of whom 63% were men. Overall 72% were sub-Saharan Africans, whereas 16% were native Spaniards. Dual HIV-1 and HIV-2 coinfection was found in 9% of patients. Heterosexual contact was the most likely route of HIV-2 acquisition in more than 90% of cases. Roughly one-third presented with CD4 cell counts less than 200 cells/μl and/or AIDS clinical events. Plasma HIV-2 RNA was undetectable at baseline in 40% of patients. To date, one-third of HIV-2 carriers have received antiretroviral therapy, using integrase inhibitors 32 individuals. New diagnoses of HIV-2 in Spain have remained stable since 2010 with an average of 15 cases yearly. Illegal immigration from Northwestern African borders accounts for over 75% of new HIV-2 diagnoses. Given the relatively large community of West Africans already living in Spain and the continuous flux of immigration from endemic regions, HIV-2 infection either alone or as coinfection with HIV-1 should be excluded once in all HIV-seroreactive persons, especially when showing atypical HIV serological profiles, immunovirological disconnect (CD4 cell count loss despite undetectable HIV-1 viremia) and/or high epidemiological risks (birth in or sex partners from endemic regions).

  19. Anther and isolated microspore culture of wheat lines from northwestern and eastern Europe

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Holme, I B; Olesen, A; Hansen, N J P

    1999-01-01

    Hexaploid wheat genotypes from north-western Europe show low responses to current anther culture techniques. This phenomenon was investigated on 145 north-western European wheat lines. Twenty-seven lines from eastern Europe were included to observe the response pattern of wheat from an area, where...... the technique has been used successfully. On average, eastern European wheat lines produced 3.6 green plants per 111 anthers, while only 1.4 green plants per 111 anthers were obtained in north-western European lines. This difference was due to the high capacity for embryo formation among the eastern European...... lines, while the ability to regenerate green plants was widespread in both germplasm groups. Isolated wheat microspore culture performed on 85 of these wheat lines gave an average 3.7-fold increase in green plants per anther compared with the anther culture response. The increased recovery of green...

  20. Demand for radiotherapy in Spain.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Rodríguez, A; Borrás, J M; López-Torrecilla, J; Algara, M; Palacios-Eito, A; Gómez-Caamaño, A; Olay, L; Lara, P C

    2017-02-01

    Assessing the demand for radiotherapy in Spain based on existing evidence to estimate the human resources and equipment needed so that every person in Spain has access to high-quality radiotherapy when they need it. We used data from the European Cancer Observatory on the estimated incidence of cancer in Spain in 2012, along with the evidence-based indications for radiotherapy developed by the Australian CCORE project, to obtain an optimal radiotherapy utilisation proportion (OUP) for each tumour. About 50.5 % of new cancers in Spain require radiotherapy at least once over the course of the disease. Additional demand for these services comes from reradiation therapy and non-melanoma skin cancer. Approximately, 25-30 % of cancer patients with an indication for radiotherapy do not receive it due to factors that include access, patient preference, familiarity with the treatment among physicians, and especially resource shortages, all of which contribute to its underutilisation. Radiotherapy is underused in Spain. The increasing incidence of cancer expected over the next decade and the greater frequency of reradiations necessitate the incorporation of radiotherapy demand into need-based calculations for cancer services planning.

  1. Warm Pants and Wild Places: Domestic Anxieties in Malory’s Morte D’Arthur and T. H. White’s The Once and Future King

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    McCausland, Elly

    2017-01-01

    of the Arthurian kingdom. T.H. White’s Arthuriad harnesses this tension to consider a paradox at the heart of childhood development: the need for dependent self-sufficiency. Considering 'The Once and Future King' alongside White’s turbulent personal relationship with childhood, this essay examines the ways...... in which White appropriates Malory’s Morte to emphasise the contradictions underlying constructions of childhood subjectivity, and to reconsider the fraught relationship between domesticity and the child....

  2. Eutanásia: pelas veredas da morte e da autonomia Euthanasia: along the road of death and autonomy

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Rodrigo Siqueira-Batista

    2004-01-01

    Full Text Available O artigo parte da pergunta: o estabelecimento de um conceito de morte, que possa ser considerado fidedigno e, portanto, consensual, seria premissa crucial para a legitimação moral da eutanásia? Procura responder, expondo os problemas que cercam as tentativas de uma definição - científica - de morte, no momento em que se tenta utilizá-la na tomada de decisões - éticas - em relação ao fim da vida, como no caso da eutanásia e do suicídio assistido. Baseia a argumentação na Lei de Hume, que proíbe a inferência de "valores" a partir de "fatos", e na concepção evolutiva de conceitos científicos, decorrente da distinção, de origem kantiana, entre o que é (coisa em si ou númeno e o que é conhecido (ou fenômeno, e cuja principal conclusão, de tipo metodológico, é a incomensurabilidade entre a ordem dos fatos e dos valores, ou seja, uma definição de um evento/processo como a morte só pode ser comparada com outra definição pertencente à mesma ordem, o mesmo aplicável aos valores. De outro modo, o manuscrito procura delimitar um referencial alternativo para o debate, que, apesar de suas limitações, se mostra bastante útil para a argumentação bioética: o princípio da autonomia, intrínseco à ordem dos valores.This article sets out from the question: Would a definition of the concept of death, which could be considered trustworthy and therefore consensual, be considered crucial for the moral legitimacy of euthanasia? It seeks to address this quest expounding on the problems involving the attempts of a scientific definition of death when this definition is necessary for ethical consideration related to the end of life, as it is the case in euthanasia or assisted suicide. The argumentation is based on Hume's Law which prohibits "values" to interfere with "facts" and on the evolutionary concept of scientific ideas arising from Kant's famous distinction between the unknowable thing-in itself and the knowable thing

  3. 75 FR 26786 - Notice of Public Meeting: Sierra Front-Northwestern Great Basin Resource Advisory Council, NV

    Science.gov (United States)

    2010-05-12

    ... 261A; 10-08807; MO 4500012081; TAS: 14X1109] Notice of Public Meeting: Sierra Front-Northwestern Great..., Bureau of Land Management (BLM) Sierra Front-Northwestern Great Basin Resource Advisory Council (RAC... discussion will include, but are not limited to: District Manager's reports on current program of work, Draft...

  4. Mortes evitáveis em vítimas com traumatismos Muertes evitables en víctimas con traumatismos Preventable trauma deaths

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Cristina Helena Costanti Settervall

    2012-04-01

    Full Text Available OBJETIVO: Descrever métodos e estimativas de mortalidade proporcional por mortes evitáveis e tipos de não conformidades do atendimento relacionadas a esses eventos. MÉTODOS: Revisão sistemática de publicações sobre mortes evitáveis em vítimas com traumatismos entre 2000 e 2009. Foi realizada pesquisa nas bases de dados Lilacs, SciELO e Medline utilizando-se a estratégia de busca com as palavras-chave "trauma", "avoidable", "preventable", "interventions" e "complications", e os descritores em ciências da saúde "death", "cause of death" e "hospitals". RESULTADOS: Identificaram-se 29 artigos publicados no período, com predomínio de estudos retrospectivos (96,5%. Os métodos mais comumente utilizados para definir a evitabilidade do óbito foram painel de especialistas ou pontuação de índices de gravidade, tendo sido empregadas as seguintes categorias: evitável, potencialmente evitável e não evitável. A média da mortalidade proporcional por mortes evitáveis dos estudos foi de 10,7% (dp 11,5%. As não conformidades mais comumente relatadas nas publicações foram sistema inadequado de atendimento ao traumatizado e erro na avaliação e tratamento. CONCLUSÕES: Observaram-se falhas na uniformização dos termos empregados para categorizar as mortes e as não conformidadades encontradas. Portanto, sugere-se a padronização da taxonomia da classificação das mortes e dos tipos de não conformidades observadas.OBJETIVO: Describir métodos y estimativas de mortalidad proporcional por muertes evitables y tipos de no concordancias de la atención relacionadas con tales eventos. MÉTODOS: Revisión sistemática de publicaciones sobre muertes evitables en víctimas con traumatismos entre 2000 y 2009. Se realizó investigación en las bases de datos Lilacs, SciELO y Medline utilizándose la estrategia de búsqueda con las palabras clave "trauma", "avoidable", "preventable", "interventions" y "complications" y los descriptores en

  5. 7 CFR 319.56-31 - Peppers from Spain.

    Science.gov (United States)

    2010-01-01

    ... 7 Agriculture 5 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Peppers from Spain. 319.56-31 Section 319.56-31... from Spain. Peppers (fruit) (Capsicum spp.) may be imported into the United States from Spain only... subpart: (a) The peppers must be grown in the Alicante or Almeria Province of Spain in pest-proof...

  6. A literatura de cárcere em defesa de um condenado à pena de morte no Japão – “Lágrimas da ignorância”, de Norio Nagayama

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Lilian Yamamoto

    2016-02-01

    Full Text Available Apesar de o Japão da década de 1960 ter passado por uma fase de crescimento econômico acelerado, ainda restavam rincões de pobreza em várias regiões do país. Condenado à morte, Norio Nagayama, de origem humilde, é exemplo de criminoso influenciado por tal contexto. Nagayama foi autodidata no seu período de cárcere e logrou êxito na sua carreira literária, que culminou com o recebimento do prêmio japonês de Nova Literatura em 1983. Tendo sido preso após cometer quatro homicídios em 1968, seu caso constituiu um novo marco para o estabelecimento de critérios para a condenação à pena de morte no Japão. O presente artigo pretende analisar a influência da sua primeira obra, Muchi no Namida (Lágrimas da ignorância, 1971, na sua defesa apresentada nos tribunais. Essa obra é uma coletânea de seus cadernos de anotações de poesia e prosa com referência direta a eventos da sua infância e adolescência, a ideias sobre justiça social e, sobretudo, à sua viagem interna em busca da motivação de seus crimes. Assim, um exame sobre a persistência da pena de morte no sistema penal japonês se mostra de fundamental importância para maior entendimento do contexto em que o autor viveu.

  7. A estrutura da representação social da morte na interface com as religiosidades em equipes multiprofissionais de saúde The structure of social representation of death in the interface with the religiosities of healthcare professionals groups

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Alexsandro Medeiros do Nascimento

    2007-01-01

    Full Text Available O estudo objetivou acessar a estrutura da representação social da morte em equipes multiprofissionais de saúde na interface com a religiosidade, no que esta interfere nas significações atribuídas à morte por esta população em específico. Utilizou-se um instrumento com questões abertas e fechadas sobre a morte e o morrer, bem como sobre a vivência religiosa singular dos participantes. Protocolos escritos foram capturados em uma amostra de 80 profissionais (49 médicos, 13 psicólogas, 18 enfermeiras pertencentes a 10 equipes multiprofissionais de saúde. Estes foram analisados através de Análise de Conteúdo e de Análise de Estrutura de Similaridade (SSA e interpretados pela Teoria das Representações Sociais. Os dados revelaram uma interferência expressiva das crenças religiosas na estruturação da representação da Morte.The study aims to investigate the structure of social representation of death in a Healthcare professional group establishing an interface with religiosity and how the latter interferes in the meaning attributed to death by this specific population. Open and closed questions on death or the act of dying, and on the singular religious experience of the participants were applied. Written protocols were collected from a sample of 80 professionals (49 physicians, 13 psychologists, and 18 nurses, which were analyzed according to content analysis and non-metric multidimensional analysis, SSA (Similarity Structure Analysis, and interpreted according to the theory of Social Representations, revealing a significant interference of religious believes in the structure of death representation.

  8. Fission-track evidence of tectonic evolution in the northwestern Qaidam Basin, China

    Science.gov (United States)

    Sun, Guo-Qiang; Liu, Wei-Ming; Guo, Jia-Jia; Wang, Ye-Tong

    2018-02-01

    Fission-track dating was conducted on zircons and apatites from 11 cores of the upper Xiaganchaigou Formation and lower Shangganchaigou Formation (northwestern Qaidam Basin). The obtained apatite fission-track age is 3.1-61.9 Ma, and the zircon fission-track age is 49.2-123.5 Ma. Although the average apatite age is consistent with ages predicted from the stratigraphy, nine of the 11 apatite fission-track ages have P(χ2) 5%, exhibiting consistent characteristics and indicating that zircons retain provenance age information after burial. From the zircon and apatite ages, the fission-track length distribution, and the geological setting, the northwestern Qaidam Basin has experienced two tectonothermal events since the Late Mesozoic, at 39.1 ± 9.3 to 133.7 ± 6.6 Ma and 1.2 ± 0.6 to 32.0 ± 3.0 Ma. The earlier (39.1-133.7 Ma) tectonothermal event resulted from the initial collision of the Indian and Eurasian plates. As a consequence of the collision, the Altyn Tagh fault, which forms the northwestern boundary of the Qaidam Basin, began to develop. Subsequently, uplift of the Altyn Tagh mountains began and the northwestern depression of the Qaidam Basin started to form. The later (1.2-32.0 Ma) tectonothermal event resulted from further collision of the Indian and Eurasian plates along the Yarlung Tsangpo suture zone. Strata in the Qaidam Basin were further deformed by transpression in this period and this period played a crucial role in petroleum accumulation.

  9. Oil sector in Spain: Final adaptation

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Marin-Quemada, J.M.

    1992-01-01

    This paper analyzes organizational and marketing changes occurring in Spain's oil industry as a result of its conversion from a state run monopoly system to a free market system. The analysis uses statistical data to indicate national oil production, import and consumption trends and compares these with overall trends in the European Communities. An explanation of the way in which oil is marketed in Spain makes reference to data on Spain's refining capacity and pipeline network, deemed to be amongst the most complete and modern in Europe. Comments are also made on the efficacy of Spain's national energy policies which stress energy source diversification to lessen this country's heavy dependence on foreign supplied oil

  10. Cell death induced by tamoxifen in human blood lymphocytes cultivated in vitro = Morte celular induzida pelo tamoxifeno em linfócitos humanos cultivados in vitro

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Selma Candelária Genari

    2010-10-01

    Full Text Available Many chemotherapeutic agents with a potential against solid tumors or leukemia can cause lymphopenia. Tamoxifen (TAM is a synthetic non-steroidal anti-estrogen drug employed in female breast cancer treatment. The present study investigated the capacity of TAM to induce cell death in human lymphocytes cultivated in vitro. Lymphocytes were obtained from young (25-30 years; n = 3 and elderly women (58-77 years; n = 3 and cultivated for 24 or 48h, with or without TAM (20 ƒÊM. After the culture, cell viability, immunocytochemical response and ultrastructure were evaluated. TAM affected lymphocytes in a time- dependent manner, and cells obtained from elderly women were the most sensitive to TAM. Immunocytochemicalanalysis evidenced higher frequency of apoptosis in treated cells, and the ultrastructural study revealed autophagic vacuoles, differing from the controls. In summary, the treated lymphocytes were affected by TAM, leading to cell death by apoptosis and autophagy.Muitos agentes quimioterapicos com potencial contra tumores solidos ou leucemias podem causar linfopenia. O Tamoxifeno (TAM e um agente antiestrogeno nao-esteroidal empregado no tratamento de cancer de mama feminino. O presente trabalho investigou a capacidade do TAM em induzir morte celular em linfocitos humanos cultivados in vitro. Oslinfocitos foram obtidos de mulheres jovens (25-30 anos; n = 3 e idosas (58-77 anos; n = 3 e cultivados por 24 ou 48h, com ou sem TAM (20 ƒÊM. Apos a cultura, foram analisadas a viabilidade celular, a resposta imunocitoquimica e a ultraestrutura. Os resultados indicam que o Tamoxifeno induziu morte celular em linfocitos de ambos os grupos, entretanto, as celulas das mulheres idosas apresentaram-se mais sensiveis ao tratamento. A analise imunocitoquimica mostrou maior frequencia de apoptose nas celulas tratadas e o estudo ultraestrutural revelou vacuolos autofagicos nos linfocitos expostos ao Tamoxifeno. Em conclusao, nosso estudo revelou que o TAM

  11. The Actual Problems of Modern Spain

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Natalya E. Anikeeva

    2014-01-01

    Full Text Available The important aim of national and Spanish historiography and political science is to study history and foreign policy of modern Spain. The author studied articles and monographies of spanish politicians and researchers ( M. Rahoy, I. Aries, A. Rubalcaba, I. Molina for the preparation of this article during the scientific trip to Madrid (Complutense University, Faculty of Political Science and Sociology, which was held in the framework of cooperation between the Bank Santander and MGIMO (University. The paper analyzes the political and economic aspects of life in Spain, and its foreign policy of the period of government of Mariano Rajoy (from 2011 to the present time. The article is dedicated to actual problems of modern Spain: the economy and the priorities of the government of M.Rajoy, the problem of separatism and political system of the country. Modern Spain is still recovering economically from the euro debt crisis and continues to struggle with near-record unemployment. Domestic economic recovery of Spain and the country's foreign position are closely linked. The European integration process still remains the main strategic task of the spanish foreign policy. Spain increases its role in world politics and obtains a non-permanent UN's Security Council seat for the 2015-2016 term.

  12. Accumulation rates and sediment deposition in the northwestern Mediterranean

    Science.gov (United States)

    Zuo, Z.; Eisma, D.; Gieles, R.; Beks, J.

    As part of the EROS 2000 programme, sediment mixing and accumulation rates in the northwestern Mediterranean Sea were determined, applying the 210Pb dating method to a total of 49 cores, and the results from 29 sediment cores are presented here. On the basis of the results from the 49 sediment cores, an attempt was made to present a general picture of sediment accumulation for the area of the northwestern Mediterranean. The total deposition of sediment in the area is estimated to be of the order of 34±15 × 106 ton year-1, which is half the value reported earlier by Got and Aloisi (1990) (Continental Shelf Research, 10, 841-855) for the same region. The activity-depth profiles of 210Pb show the presence of intensive mixing in the upper layer of near-shore sediments, but little or no mixing is observed in the deep-water sediments. Based on a diffusion model, sediment mixing rates calculated from excess 210Pb gradients vary from 0·002 to 7· cm2 year-1, and the deposition rates from 0·01 to 0·60 cm year-1. A linear dependence of sedimentation rate on water depth derived from the sediment cores indicates an inverse correlation between these two. The relatively high sedimentation rates and mixing rates found near the Rhône River suggest that the contribution from the river dominates the deposition system in the northwestern Mediterranean. In the deep-water basin, however, atmospheric input and biological production are clearly more important.

  13. Morte, Sacrifício Humano e Renascimento : uma interpretação Iconográfica da Runestone Viking de Hammar I

    OpenAIRE

    Langer, Johnni

    2003-01-01

    O presente artigo interpreta uma fonte iconográfica ainda sem estudos acadêmicos detalhados, a runestone Viking de Hammar I, originária da ilha de Gotland (Suécia). Um importante documento sobre a mentalidade religiosa dos escandinavos, suas concepções mitológicas sobre as divindades, sacrifícios humanos, vida após a morte e alguns símbolos importantes para o culto ao deus Óðinn. Outro fundamental aspecto de nossa interpretação é a possibilidade de compararmos as clássicas fontes islandesas, ...

  14. Nuclear material control in Spain

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Velilla, A.

    1988-01-01

    A general view about the safeguards activities in Spain is presented. The national system of accounting for and control of nuclear materials is described. The safeguards agreements signed by Spain are presented and the facilities and nuclear materials under these agreements are listed. (E.G.) [pt

  15. Use of the Management Oversight and Risk Tree (MORT) methodology in health-physics program appraisals

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Essig, T.H.; Gilchrist, R.L.

    1981-06-01

    In January 1980, Pacific Northwest Laboratory (PNL) assumed a major role in helping the Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC) conduct comprehensive health physics appraisals at 47 operating nuclear power plants. These appraisals required the development of an analytical technique that permitted a deductive analysis of a health-physics program on an element-by-element basis. The technique employed was a modification of the Management Oversight and risk Tree (MORT) analytical logic methodology used in probabilistic assessments. This paper includes the method used in establishing the appraisal guidelines and assigning the proper level of importance within the analytical tree structure. The system for ensuring the proper subdivision necessary for an adequate assessment of each area (e.g., exposure controls and radioactive waste management) will also be discussed. In addition to these major subjects, the generation of specific review questions that correspond to the analytical trees is addressed

  16. Quality of extra virgin olive oils produced in an emerging olive growing area in north-western Spain.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Reboredo-Rodríguez, P; González-Barreiro, C; Cancho-Grande, B; Simal-Gándara, J

    2014-12-01

    Systematic studies of physico-chemical and stability-related properties, and chemical composition, of extra virgin olive oils (EVOOs) obtained from drupes cropped in specific regions are of special agricultural interest. This is particularly so with new production areas, where careful selection of the most suitable olive varieties for EVOO production is required. This paper reports the first comprehensive chemical characterisation of EVOOs obtained from three different olive varieties (viz., Picual, Morisca and Manzanilla de Sevilla) grown in a new cultivation area in Galicia (NW Spain). The Morisca variety was that providing the highest industrial oil yield (21%). However, the three types of EVOO exhibited no statistically significant differences in standard quality-related indices other than acidity. Morisca EVOO was that with the lowest content in oleic acid (mean=68%) and highest content in linoleic acid (mean=13%). Also, Morisca EVOO exhibited the highest sterol levels (mean=1,616 mg/kg) and Picual EVOO the lowest (mean=1,160 mg/kg). Picual EVOO contained greater amounts of the phenolic compounds luteolin and pinoresinol than both Morisca and Manzanilla de Sevilla EVOOs. Finally, Manzanilla de Sevilla EVOO exhibited differential attributes, with banana and olive fruit aromatic series prevailing predominantly over bitter-like, pungent-like and leaf series. Copyright © 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

  17. Capturing Qualitative Data: Northwestern University Special Libraries' Acknowledgments Database

    Science.gov (United States)

    Stigberg, Sara; Guittar, Michelle; Morse, Geoffrey

    2015-01-01

    Assessment and supporting data have become of increasing interest in librarianship. In this paper, we describe the development and implementation of the Northwestern University Library Acknowledgments Database tool, which gathers and documents qualitative data, as well as its component reporting function. This collaborative project and resulting…

  18. Early Childhood Inclusion in Spain

    Science.gov (United States)

    Giné, Climent; Balcells-Balcells, Anna; Cañadas, Margarita; Paniagua, Gema

    2016-01-01

    This article describes early childhood inclusion in educational settings in Spain. First, we address the legislative framework of preschool education in Spain and offer a brief analysis of some relevant issues, including the current situation of early childhood education and inclusion at this stage. Second, current policies and practices relating…

  19. Molecular Gastronomy in Spain

    OpenAIRE

    García-Segovia, Purificación; Garrido, María Dolores; Vercet Tormo, Antonio; Arboleya, Juan Carlos; FISZMAN DAL SANTO, SUSANA; Martínez Monzó, Javier; Laguarda, Sergio; Palacios, Victor; Ruiz Carrascal, Jorge

    2014-01-01

    [EN] Beyond the overwhelming international success of Ferrán Adria, Spain has been one of the countries with a more active implication in molecular gastronomy as a scientific discipline but also in the use of ingredients, technologies, and equipment from the scientificand technological universe in the culinary area. Nowadays, this is a well-established discipline in Spain, with a number of research groups covering related topics, several companies commercializing appliances and additives worl...

  20. PSA results and trends for Spain's NPPs

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Carretero, J.A.

    1993-01-01

    The Spain regulatory authority CSN demanded performance of PSA for all Spain nuclear power plants. The specific data analysis carried out as a part of the PSA has contributed to the realistic view on the results which could be achieved by the PSA. The main characteristics of the PSA in Spain and PSA trends in the development are presented in the paper

  1. Spain: Success story in space

    Science.gov (United States)

    Longdon, Norman

    From the early 1960's, European governments were aware that they had to take part in the exploration, and potential exploitation, of space, or be left behind in a field of high-technology that had far-reaching possibilities. It was also realized that financial and manpower constraints would limit the extent to which individual nations could carry out their own national programs. They, therefor, joined forces in two organizations: the European Space Research Organization (ESRO) and the European Launcher Development Organization (ELDO). By 1975, when the potential of space development had been more fully appreciated, the two organizations were merged into the Europeans Space Agency (ESA) of which Spain was a founding member. ESA looks after the interest of 13 member states, one associated member state (Finland), and one cooperating state (Canada) in the peaceful uses of space. Its programs center around a mandatory core of technological research and space science to which member states contribute on the basis of their Gross National Product. Spain in 1992 contributes 6.46% to this mandatory program budget. The member states then have the chance to join optional programs that include telecommunications, observation of the earth and its environment, space transportation systems, microgravity research, and participation in the European contribution to the International Space Station Freedom. Each government decides whether it is in its interest to join a particular optional program, and the percentage that it wishes to contribute to the budget. Although in the early days of ESA, Spain participated in only a few optional programs, today Spain makes a significant contribution to nearly all of ESA's optional programs. This document presents Spain's contributions to particular ESA Programs and discusses Spain's future involvement in ESA.

  2. Spatial and temporal trends of petroleum hydrocarbons in wild mussels from the Galician coast (NW Spain) affected by the Prestige oil spill

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Soriano, J.A.; Vinas, L.; Franco, M.A.; Gonzalez, J.J. [Instituto Espanol de Oceanografia, Centro Oceanografico de Vigo, Cabo Estai- Canido. 36200 Vigo (Spain); Ortiz, L.; Bayona, J.M.; Albaiges, J. [Department of Environmental Chemistry, CID-CSIC, Jordi Girona Salgado, 18-26, 08034-Barcelona (Spain)

    2006-10-15

    Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) were determined in tissues of wild mussels (Mytilus galloprovincialis) from the Galicia coast (NW Spain) in order to assess the extent of the environmental impact caused by the Prestige oil spill (November 13, 2002). Three sampling campaigns were carried out in February, June and November 2003 at 24 stations along the Galicia coast, from La Guardia (Pontevedra) to Ribadeo (Lugo). The spatial distribution of PAHs found in the first sampling period, clearly revealed the central area (Costa da Morte) as the most affected by the oil spill. In these stations, concentrations up to 7780 {mu}g/kg dw of the sum of 13 parent PAHs were found 2-3 months after the spill. Molecular parameters within the aliphatic and aromatic fractions confirmed the presence of the Prestige oil in these samples. The levels markedly decreased at most of the stations in the second sampling and recovered to levels found before the spill in November 2003, 1 year after the accident (29-279 {mu}g/kg dw, av. 133+/-83 {mu}g/kg dw). However, a certain increase was observed in some sites which could be related to the remobilization of oil residues from still unclean intertidal spots or sediments due to the winter marine weather conditions. (author)

  3. Efeito da escopolamina sobre o desenvolvimento de Chrysomya putoria (Diptera: Calliphoridae e sua importância para a estimativa do intervalo pós-morte

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Patricia Jacqueline Thyssen

    2011-09-01

    Full Text Available A presença de drogas nos tecidos de um corpo pode afetar o desenvolvimento de larvas de moscas necrófagas que são encontradas alimentando-se neste substrato. Essa observação já foi constatada para várias drogas tais como heroína, cocaína, certos analgésicos, e compostos anfetamínicos e benzodiazepínicos, entre outras. Assim, neste estudo investigamos o efeito da escopolamina – uma droga amplamente usada como analgésico – sobre a taxa de desenvolvimento de larvas de Chrysomya putoria (Diptera: Calliphoridae, visando também avaliar e quantificar as conseqüências de tal interferência para a estimativa do intervalo pós-morte (IPM. Os resultados aqui obtidos mostram claramente que a escopolamina afetou significativamente a taxa de desenvolvimento de imaturos de C. putoria, quando presente em seu substrato alimentar. Tendo em vista que o IPM em muitos casos é calculado levando em consideração o peso ou a idade dos imaturos coletados em um corpo, a não consideração deste fator de interferência negativa pode conseqüentemente levar a uma subestimativa do tempo de morte em até 48 horas, em certos casos.

  4. Nonlinearity and Fractal Properties of Climate Change during the Past 500 Years in Northwestern China

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Shiquan Wan

    2016-01-01

    Full Text Available By using detrended fluctuation analysis (DFA, the present paper analyzed the nonlinearity and fractal properties of tree-ring records from two types of trees in northwestern China, and then we disclosed climate change characteristics during the past 500 years in this area. The results indicate that climate change in northwestern China displayed a long-range correlation (LRC, which can exist over time span of 100 years or longer. This conclusion provides a theoretical basis for long-term climate predictions. Combining the DFA results obtained from daily temperatures records at the Xi’an meteorological observation station, which is near the southern peak of the Huashan Mountains, self-similarities widely existed in climate change on monthly, seasonal, annual, and decadal timescales during the past 500 years in northwestern China, and this change was a typical nonlinear process.

  5. Significados latentes na fotografia em turismo: o caso do turismo negro na Costa Morte (Galiza

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Antonio Azevedo

    2017-01-01

    Full Text Available To what extent can a photograph be a representation of the identity of a place, spread emotions, simulate / emulate experiences and motivate the visit to the destination? This study seeks to explore the fascination (gaze, the influence of landscape interpretation, the perception of authenticity, the psychological density associated with images of black tourism? What elements and symbols are possible in an explicit or latent way? What is the role of the tourist in the co ‑ creation of the image of destiny? This study has as its starting point and unit of analysis the intangible heritage and the “aura” emanated by various places and landscapes of the Costa da Morte (Coast of Death in Galicia spiced by the legends and mythology of a rich in events historical past. Using a methodological approach that included qualitative selection and analysis of photographs, documentaries and books, direct observation, passive netnography and photo elicitation several latent content elements or classification categories were proposed.

  6. Percepções da morte e do morrer para residentes de medicina em um hospital terciário / Perceptions of death and dying for medical residents of a tertiary hospital

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Iolanda Cristina da Costa

    2017-12-01

    Full Text Available Introdução: A abordagem histórica da morte aponta uma significativa mudança em relação às atitudes perante o tema nas sociedades ocidentais a partir do século XX. Esse fato se deve ao progresso das técnicas médicas, o qual viabilizou a transferência dos enfermos e da morte para o contexto hospitalar. Objetivos: Conhecer as percepções de médicos residentes em relação à morte e ao preparo acadêmico e profissional para lidar com situações de óbito hospitalar. Métodos: Trata-se de estudo de abordagem quantitativa, descritiva e transversal a partir de um questionário estruturado aplicado em 40 residentes do Hospital Escola da Faculdade de Medicina de Itajubá (HE/FMIt. Resultados: Do total de residentes entrevistados, 62,5% afirmam terem tido capacitação acadêmica para lidar com a morte de pacientes; a preparação teórica e prática para comunicação de óbito aos familiares foi apontada como regular por 45,0% dos entrevistados; 57,5% sentem-se seguros no ato de transmitir a má noticia. Os recursos pessoais apontados pelos residentes para o enfrentamento das situações de óbito foram o controle emocional (60,0% e o amor pela profissão (47,5%; os significados atribuídos à morte foram de Passagem (47,5% e Processo (40,0%. Conclusão: Conclui-se que as concepções dos residentes revelam uma preparação para situações de morte e morrer no contexto hospitalar suficiente para a prática clínica, embora ainda com lacunas na formação, o que reforça a necessidade de estudos sobre o tema e o planejamento de ações de humanização no cuidado aos pacientes, melhorando a qualidade da assistência à saúde. Introduction: The historical approach to death points to a change in attitude toward the subject in Western societies starting in the twentieth century. This fact is due to the progress of medical techniques which, without qualification, made the transfer of patients and death to the hospital context possible. Aims

  7. Geographic information modeling of Econet of Northwestern Federal District territory on graph theory basis

    Science.gov (United States)

    Kopylova, N. S.; Bykova, A. A.; Beregovoy, D. N.

    2018-05-01

    Based on the landscape-geographical approach, a structural and logical scheme for the Northwestern Federal District Econet has been developed, which can be integrated into the federal and world ecological network in order to improve the environmental infrastructure of the region. The method of Northwestern Federal District Econet organization on the basis of graph theory by means of the Quantum GIS geographic information system is proposed as an effective mean of preserving and recreating the unique biodiversity of landscapes, regulation of the sphere of environmental protection.

  8. Evento com aparente risco de morte: uma revisão Evento con aparente riesgo de muerte (alte: una revisión Apparent life-threatening event: a review

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Mariana Tresoldi das N. Romaneli

    2012-12-01

    Full Text Available OBJETIVO: Realizar uma revisão crítica reunindo informações disponíveis a respeito dos eventos com aparente risco de morte. FONTES DE DADOS: Revisão bibliográfica dos artigos (em português, inglês e espanhol obtidos dos bancos de dados eletrônicos Medline, Lilacs e SciELO, utilizando as palavras-chave: eventos com aparente risco de morte, evento com aparente risco de vida infantil, lactente, apneia, monitorização e cianose. SÍNTESE DOS DADOS: Os eventos com aparente risco de mortesão súbitos e caracterizados por uma combinação de apneia, alteração na coloração da pele e tônus muscular, com inúmeras causas subjacentes. Sua incidência verdadeira é desconhecida e a faixa etária mais acometida é de 11 a 12 semanas. Não há correlação entre o evento com aparente risco de morte e a síndrome da morte súbita do lactente, embora já tenham sido consideradas manifestações da mesma doença. Muitas vezes, o lactente tem aparência saudável ao ser avaliado pelo pediatra após apresentar eventos com aparente risco de morte, porém, isso não afasta a possibilidade de existir uma doença grave associada ao evento, que deve ser investigada e tratada. Quando não são encontradas as causas, o evento é idiopático, geralmente com boa evolução. CONCLUSÕES: É necessário investigar os lactentes levados ao pronto-socorro após apresentarem eventos com aparente risco de morte, devido ao risco de sequelas e mortalidade. Não há uma padronização das condutas a serem realizadas diante de um lactente com aparência saudável que tenha evento com aparente risco de morte, mas recomenda-se que o paciente seja internado e a causa do evento, investigada. A observação e o monitoramento em ambiente hospitalar devem ocorrer no mínimo 24 horas após o evento.OBJETIVO: Realizar una revisión crítica, reuniendo las informaciones disponibles respecto a los Eventos con Aparente Riesgo de Muerte (ALTE - Apparent life-threatening event

  9. 48 CFR 252.229-7005 - Tax exemptions (Spain).

    Science.gov (United States)

    2010-10-01

    ... 48 Federal Acquisition Regulations System 3 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Tax exemptions (Spain... of Provisions And Clauses 252.229-7005 Tax exemptions (Spain). As prescribed in 229.402-70(e), use the following clause: Tax Exemptions (Spain) (JUN 1997) (a) The Contractor represents that the...

  10. The Dorstenia species (Moraceae) of north-western tropical America

    NARCIS (Netherlands)

    Berg, C.C.; Leeuwen, van R.W.J.

    1982-01-01

    Four new species of Dorstenia are described: D. panamensis C.C. Berg, D. boliviana C.C. Berg, D. peruviana C.C. Berg, and D. belizensis C.C. Berg. A list of and a key to the 21 Dorstenia species distinguished in north-western tropical America are presented, together with synonyms and distributions.

  11. Mortes por doenças infecciosas em mulheres: ocorrências no ciclo gravídico-puerperal Deaths due to infectious diseases in women: occurrences in pregnancy and puerperium

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Ruy Laurenti

    2009-01-01

    Full Text Available OBJETIVO: Descrever os óbitos por doenças infecciosas como causa básica ou múltipla, caracterizando os casos de doença infecciosa preexistente ou desenvolvida na gravidez, aqueles que são mortes maternas por causas obstétricas indiretas e os óbitos por Aids ou outras doenças infecciosas, ocorridos no ciclo gravídico puerperal, havendo dúvidas na classificação. MÉTODOS: Adotou-se a metodologia RAMOS (partindo-se da declaração de óbito -DO- original, dados reais são resgatados por entrevista domiciliar, consultas a prontuários hospitalares e laudos de autopsia; elaborando-se uma nova DO, com as reais causas de morte. População foi constituída pelos óbitos femininos de 10 a 49 anos, de residentes nas capitais brasileiras, do 1º semestre de 2002. As causas foram analisadas em básicas e múltiplas. RESULTADOS: Dos 7.332 óbitos, 917 apresentaram uma doença infecciosa como causa básica (Aids e tuberculose, principalmente. Em 37 casos, a falecida estava no ciclo gravídico puerperal ampliado (englobando, inclusive, mortes ocorridas de 43 dias até um ano pós-parto; 10 não foram classificadas como obstétricas indiretas permanecendo como infecciosas e 14 eram obstétricas indiretas. Quanto às causas múltiplas, para 791 mortes, cujas causas básicas não eram maternas nem infecciosas, houve 1.016 menções de doenças infecciosas (média de 1,28 menção/óbito. CONCLUSÃO: Como o número de mortes maternas é pequeno, recomenda-se, que investigações dos casos graves de complicações da gravidez, parto e puerpério que não faleceram (near-miss sejam feitas, pois, sendo mais numerosos, representam importante subsídio para estudos da mortalidade materna.OBJECTIVE: To describe deaths due to infectious diseases as an underlying or multiple cause, identifying cases of pre-existent infectious diseases or ones developed during pregnancy; deaths due to an indirect obstetric cause and deaths due to Aids or other infectious

  12. Pestivirus in alpine wild ruminants and sympatric livestock from the Cantabrian Mountains, Spain.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Fernández-Aguilar, X; López-Olvera, J R; Marco, I; Rosell, R; Colom-Cadena, A; Soto-Heras, S; Lavín, S; Cabezón, O

    2016-06-04

    Bovine viral diarrhoea virus (BVDV) and Border disease virus (BDV) were investigated at the wildlife-livestock interface in the distribution area of chamois in the Cantabrian Mountains, North-Western Spain. From 2010 to 2014, sera from sympatric wild (n=167) and domestic (n=272) ruminants were analysed for pestivirus antibodies by cELISA, virus neutralisation test (VNT) and for the presence of pestiviral RNA using a reverse transcription (RT)-PCR. Results showed a higher seroprevalence in cattle (59.4 per cent, 13/13 of herds) than in domestic small ruminants (5.9 per cent sheep, 2/8 of flocks; 0 per cent goats of 4 flocks) and wildlife (10.8 per cent in red deer, 0 per cent in roe deer and 0 per cent in Cantabrian chamois). High VNT titres were detected in two cattle herds, suggesting the circulation of BVDV-1 and BVDV-2 strains. BVDV-1 RNA was detected in one cattle calf by RT-PCR and sequencing. Conversely to other similar grazing systems, sheep flocks did not play a relevant role in the pestivirus epidemiology in this region. Pestivirus infections in wild ruminants were sporadic and most probably dependent on a domestic source. British Veterinary Association.

  13. Spain investigates PLEX options

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Hevia, F.

    1990-01-01

    Spain's nuclear generation capacity will be reduced by some 6000MWe by the year 2015 if decommissioning of the units currently in operation takes place at the end of their 40-year design life. Bearing this in mind, in 1988 the Santa Maria de Garona BWR and the Jose Cabrera PWR were chosen by their respective owners as reference units for plant life extension (PLEX) activities. These plants are the oldest of their types operating in Spain and PLEX programmes were already under way. (author)

  14. Percepção da morte pelo paciente oncológico ao longo do desenvolvimento Percepción de la muerte por el paciente oncológico a lo largo del desarrollo Perception of death by oncologycal patient along its development

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Alini Daniéli Viana Sabino Borges

    2006-08-01

    Full Text Available O propósito deste estudo é empreender uma revisão não-sistemática da literatura dedicada à percepção da morte e do morrer na perspectiva do paciente oncológico, de acordo com as diferentes fases do ciclo vital. Os resultados mostram que, na criança, a percepção da morte modifica-se conforme se desenvolvem o pensamento e a linguagem. No adulto, a concepção da morte depende muito da experiência física e psicológica por que se está passando. Por fim, no idoso a morte é mais bem aceita e sua percepção depende sobretudo da satisfação previamente auferida com a vida. Diante disso, a literatura ressalta que a percepção da morte é ainda uma experiência eminentemente individual e que, por isso, deve ser considerada a percepção subjetiva de cada paciente oncológico. Concluindo, as reflexões deste estudo enfatizam as transformações da percepção da morte ao longo do desenvolvimento, sustentando a noção da presença da morte como parte integrante da vida.El propósito de este estudio es emprender una revisión no-sistemática de la literatura dedicada a la percepción de la muerte y del morir en la perspectiva del paciente oncológico, según las diferentes fases del ciclo vital. Los resultados muestran que, en el niño, la percepción de la muerte se modifica conforme se desarrollan el pensamiento y el lenguaje. En el adulto, la concepción de la muerte depende mucho de la experiencia física y psicológica por la que está pasando. Por fin, en el anciano la muerte es mejor aceptada y su percepción depende sobretodo de la satisfacción previamente obtenida con la vida. Delante de eso, la literatura resalta que la percepción de la muerte es aún una experiencia eminentemente individual, y que, a causa de eso, debe ser considerada la percepción subjetiva de cada paciente oncológico. Concluyendo, las reflexiones de este estudio enfatizan las transformaciones de la percepción de la muerte a lo largo del desarrollo

  15. Marriage strategies among immigrants in Spain

    NARCIS (Netherlands)

    Sánchez-Domínguez, M.; de Valk, H.A.G.; Reher, D.S.

    2011-01-01

    This paper studies patterns of endogamous marriages of immigrants in Spain by using data from the National Immigrant Survey of Spain (2007). First of all, we examine patterns of endogamous marriage and links between migration and marriage. Second, we assess the factors influencing the likelihood of

  16. Tropical storm Irene flood of August 2011 in northwestern Massachusetts

    Science.gov (United States)

    Bent, Gardner C.; Olson, Scott A.; Massey, Andrew J.

    2016-09-02

    A Presidential disaster was declared in northwestern Massachusetts, following flooding from tropical storm Irene on August 28, 2011. During the storm, 3 to 10 inches of rain fell on soils that were susceptible to flash flooding because of wet antecedent conditions. The gage height at one U.S. Geological Survey streamgage rose nearly 20 feet in less than 4 hours because of the combination of saturated soils and intense rainfall. On August 28, 2011, in the Deerfield and Hoosic River Basins in northwestern Massachusetts, new peaks of record were set at six of eight U.S. Geological Survey long-term streamgages with 46 to 100 years of record. Additionally, high-water marks were surveyed and indirect measurements of peak discharge were calculated at two discontinued streamgages in the Deerfield and Hoosic River Basins with 24 and 61 years of record, respectively. This data resulted in new historic peaks of record at the two discontinued streamgages from tropical storm Irene.

  17. Fukushima-derived radiocesium in the northwestern Pacific Ocean in February 2012

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Kumamoto, Yuichiro; Murata, Akihiko; Kawano, Takeshi; Aoyama, Michio

    2013-01-01

    We measured radiocesium ( 134 Cs and 137 Cs) in seawaters collected at stations in the northwestern Pacific Ocean in February 2012. Activity concentration of Fukushima-derived radiocesium was highest in the transition area between the subarctic and subtropical regions, which was due to the direct discharge. The direct discharged radiocesium was transported southwardly across the Kuroshio Extension along isopycnal mixing. More than 80% of the Fukushima-derived radiocesium at stations both in the transition area and subtropical region was derived from the direct discharge. - Highlights: • Fukushima-derived radiocesium was found in the northwestern Pacific in February 2012. • The highest activity concentration in the transition area was due to the direct discharge. • Direct discharged radiocesium was conveyed southwardly across the Kuroshio Current. • More than 80% of Fukushima-derived radiocesium was derived from the direct discharge

  18. 78 FR 6227 - Importation of Fresh Apricots From Continental Spain

    Science.gov (United States)

    2013-01-30

    .... APHIS-2011-0132] RIN 0579-AD62 Importation of Fresh Apricots From Continental Spain AGENCY: Animal and... continental Spain. As a condition of entry, fresh apricots from continental Spain would have to be produced in... organization of Spain certifying that the fruit is free from all quarantine pests and has been produced in...

  19. Composition and diversity of northwestern Amazonian rainforests in a geoecological context

    NARCIS (Netherlands)

    Duivenvoorden, J.F.; Duque, A.J.; Hoorn, C.; Wesselingh, F.P.

    2010-01-01

    The northwestern Amazonian landscape includes most of the representative landscape units that characterize Amazonia, and for this reason it constitutes an excellent place to investigate relationships between the abiotic environment (geology, geomorphology, soils) and biodiversity. In this review we

  20. CRED Gridded Bathymetry near Northampton Seamounts (100-004), Northwestern Hawaiian Islands

    Data.gov (United States)

    National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Department of Commerce — File 100-004b is a 60-m ASCII grid of depth data collected near Northampton Seamounts in the Northwestern Hawaiian Islands as of May 2003. This grid has been...

  1. INES in Spain

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Zarzuela, J.

    1997-01-01

    The presentation discusses the INES activities in Spain addressing the following issues: applicability; rating procedure; public information; activities in 1997; events above level 0 (October 1996 - September 1997); difficulties

  2. Cancer incidence in Spain, 2015.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Galceran, J; Ameijide, A; Carulla, M; Mateos, A; Quirós, J R; Rojas, D; Alemán, A; Torrella, A; Chico, M; Vicente, M; Díaz, J M; Larrañaga, N; Marcos-Gragera, R; Sánchez, M J; Perucha, J; Franch, P; Navarro, C; Ardanaz, E; Bigorra, J; Rodrigo, P; Bonet, R Peris

    2017-07-01

    Periodic cancer incidence estimates of Spain from all existing population-based cancer registries at any given time are required. The objective of this study was to present the current situation of cancer incidence in Spain. The Spanish Network of Cancer Registries (REDECAN) estimated the numbers of new cancer cases occurred in Spain in 2015 by applying the incidence-mortality ratios method. In the calculus, incidence data from population-based cancer registries and mortality data of all Spain were used. In 2015, nearly a quarter of a million new invasive cancer cases were diagnosed in Spain, almost 149,000 in men (60.0%) and 99,000 in women. Globally, the five most common cancers were those of colon-rectum, prostate, lung, breast and urinary bladder. By gender, the four most common cancers in men were those of prostate (22.4%), colon-rectum (16.6%), lung (15.1%) and urinary bladder (11.7%). In women, the most common ones were those of breast (28.0%), colon-rectum (16.9%), corpus uteri (6.2%) and lung (6.0%). In recent years, cancer incidence in men seems to have stabilized due to the fact that the decrease in tobacco-related cancers compensates for the increase in other types of cancer like those of colon and prostate. In women, despite the stabilization of breast cancer incidence, increased incidence is due, above all, to the rise of colorectal and tobacco-related cancers. To reduce these incident cancer cases, improvement of smoking control policies and extension of colorectal cancer screening should be the two priorities in cancer prevention for the next years.

  3. Parole et silence pour l’expression de l’éthique dans La mort est mon métier de Robert Merle

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    María Badiola Dorronsoro

    2015-11-01

    Full Text Available Thanks to a daring and original exercise of focusing the narrative in first person, Robert Merle makes a historical Nazi the hero and narrator of his novel La mort est mon métier. Adding to this fact a careful choice of what is said and what is omitted, the author shows that the “final solution to the Jewish problem” by Hitler was not a massacre organized by some bloodthirsty or revengeful individuals, but a «hard task» accomplished by a group of de¬humanized beings for whom the honor –and morals– consisted of total dedication to blind obe¬dience to their superiors.

  4. Causas básicas e associadas de morte por Aids, Estado de São Paulo, Brasil, 1998 Aids as underlying and associated causes of death, State of S. Paulo, Brazil, 1998

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Augusto Hasiak Santo

    2000-12-01

    Full Text Available OBJETIVOS: Descrever o padrão da mortalidade devida a Aids segundo causas básica e associadas de morte no Estado de São Paulo, em 1998. MÉTODOS: Os dados sobre a mortalidade e a população residente no Estado de São Paulo, SP, para 1998, foram obtidos na Fundação Sistema Estadual de Análise de Dados (Seade. As causas de morte foram codificadas pelas disposições da Décima Revisão da Classificação Estatística Internacional de Doenças e Problemas Relacionados à Saúde. Os registros de Aids como causa básica e associada de morte foram recuperados e revistos. RESULTADOS: A Aids foi a causa básica em 4.619 mortes, correspondendo à décima causa (2,0% e ao coeficiente de mortalidade de 13,1 por 100.000 habitantes. As razões das mortes e os respectivos coeficientes entre homens e mulheres foram de 2,4 e 2,5. A Aids foi a segunda causa entre os homens de 20 a 34 anos de idade e entre as mulheres de 25 a 34. A idade média ao morrer entre as mulheres (34,1±12,2 anos foi estatisticamente menor que a dos homens (36,4±10,7 anos -- pOBJECTIVES: To describe the Aids mortality according to its underlying and associated causes of death in the State of S. Paulo in 1998. METHODS: Mortality and population data for 1998 were obtained from the State Data Analysis System Department (Fundação Sistema Estadual de Análise de Dados - Seade. Causes of death were coded according to the Tenth Revision of the International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems. RESULTS: Aids was the underlying cause in 4,619 deaths, corresponding to the 10th leading cause of death (2.0% and a mortality rate of 13.1/100,000 population. Male/female death ratio and rate ratios were respectively 2.4 and 2.5. Aids was the second leading cause of death among men aged 20--34 and women aged 25--34 years. Median age at death for women (34.1±12.2 years old was lower than men (36.4±10.7 years old -- p<0,001. The main associated causes of Aids

  5. Teaching Gender and Geography in Spain

    Science.gov (United States)

    Garcia-Ramon, Maria-Dolors

    2011-01-01

    Since the introduction of gender themes into university teaching in geography in Spain in 1989, significant gains have been made but challenges remain in relation to placing gender into undergraduate curricula and developing teaching resources in local languages. Geographers in Spain have to meet those challenges in the near future in order to…

  6. CRED Gridded Bathymetry near Laysan Island (100-006), Northwestern Hawaiian Islands

    Data.gov (United States)

    National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Department of Commerce — File 100-006b is a 60-m ASCII grid of depth data collected near Laysan Island in the Northwestern Hawaiian Islands as of May 2003. This grid has been produced as...

  7. CRED Gridded Bathymetry near Lisianski Island (100-001), Northwestern Hawaiian Islands

    Data.gov (United States)

    National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Department of Commerce — File 100-001b is a 60-m ASCII grid of depth data collected near Lisianski Island in the Northwestern Hawaiian Islands as of May 2003. This grid has been produced as...

  8. 75 FR 51113 - Chlorinated Isocyanurates From China and Spain

    Science.gov (United States)

    2010-08-18

    ... Isocyanurates From China and Spain AGENCY: United States International Trade Commission. ACTION: Scheduling of... and Spain. SUMMARY: The Commission hereby gives notice of the scheduling of expedited reviews pursuant... revocation of the antidumping duty orders on chlorinated isocyanurates from China and Spain would be likely...

  9. Seismic Investigation of the Glacier de la Plaine Morte, Switzerland

    Science.gov (United States)

    Laske, Gabi; Lindner, Fabian; Walter, Fabian; Krage, Manuel

    2017-04-01

    Glacier de la Plaine Morte is a plateau glacier along the border between Valais and Berne cantons. It covers a narrow elevation range and is extremely vulnerable to climate change. During snow melt, it feeds three marginal lakes that have experienced sudden subglacial drainage in recent years, thereby causing flooding in the Simme Valley below. Of greatest concern is Lac des Faverges at the southeastern end of the glacier that has drained near the end of July in recent years, with flood levels reaching capacity of flood control systems downstream. The lake levels are carefully monitored but precise prediction has not yet been achieved. In the search for precursory ice fracturing to the lake drainage to improve forecast, four seismic arrays comprised of five short-period borehole seismometers provided by Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule (ETH), Zürich as well as fifteen 3-component geophones from the Geophysical Instrument Pool Potsdam (GIPP) collected continuous seismic data for about seven weeks during the summer of 2016. We present initial results on discharge dynamics as well as changing noise levels and seismicity before, during and after the drainage of Lac des Faverges. Compared to previous recent years, the 2016 drainage of Lac des Faverges occurred unusually late on August 28. With an aperture between 100 and 200 m, the small arrays recorded many hundred ice quakes per day. A majority of the events exhibits clearly dispersed, high-frequency Rayleigh waves at about 10 Hz and higher. A wide distribution of events allows us to study azimuthal anisotropy and its relationship with the orientation of glacial crevasses.

  10. L’écriture du corps: pulsion de mort dans l’œuvre d’Amélie Nothomb

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Marie-Ange Bugnot

    2018-04-01

    Full Text Available This article studies the role of specific corpographies, that is to say manifestations of body representations and perceptions in the work of Amélie Nothomb, and how they relate to the death drive. The world Nothomb creates in her novels is heir to the philosophy of Plato, Zoroaster and Nietzsche, as well as to the vision of literature expressed by Lacan. We focus on the analysis of a number of characters, in their physical and relating moral aspects, as well as in their own vision of themselves. The novel is structured according to a constant dualism: youth and old age, life and death, thinness and obesity, beauty and ugliness, all of them taken in their most extreme condition. A celebrity author, Nothomb transforms our modern world by screening reality through one the great traditions of Western thought; she adapts the facts to fiction in order to paint an exceptional world of her own, full of humour and derision. Cet article se centre sur le rôle des corpographies extrêmes, un motif narratif essentiel dans l’œuvre de Nothomb, et leur relation avec la pulsion de mort. La réflexion que nous retrouvons dans ses romans est en relation directe avec les idées platoniciennes, celles de Zoroastre ou celles de Nietzsche, de même qu’avec la vision lacanienne de la littérature. Notre analyse se centrera sur certains de ses personnages, autant quant à leur représentation physique et morale, deux aspects intimement imbriqués, que quant à la perception qu’ils ont d’eux-mêmes. La narration s’organise conformément à une dualité constante: la jeunesse et la vieillesse, la vie et la mort, la minceur et l’obésité, toutes prises au stade le plus extrême. Auteure médiatique, Nothomb récupère de cette façon l’actualité contemporaine qu’elle filtre au moyen d’une des grandes traditions de la pensée occidentale et intègre dans la fiction pour mettre en scène un monde propre exceptionnel, parsemé d’humour et de dérision.

  11. Relação entre variáveis ambientais e a estrutura da comunidade de peixes em córregos das bacias do Rio das Mortes e do rio Xingu – MT, Brasil

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Priscylla Rodrigues Matos

    2013-06-01

    Full Text Available http://dx.doi.org/10.5007/2175-7925.2013v26n3p139 As variáveis ambientais podem determinar e estruturar a composição da fauna de peixes. Estudos que comparem diferenças entre variáveis físicas e químicas da água entre bacias hidrográficas próximas são escassos. Este artigo teve por objetivo verificar quais variáveis limnológicas estão relacionadas à distribuição das espécies de peixes em duas bacias hidrográficas. Para tanto, foram amostrados 20 córregos, divididos entre as bacias do Rio das Mortes e do rio Xingu. Em cada ponto foram medidos um total de 8 variáveis ambientais. Os peixes foram coletados com rede de arrasto. A riqueza total foi de 57 espécies, sendo 29 da bacia do rio Xingu, 35 do Rio das Mortes e 7 espécies comuns a ambas as bacias. As análises demonstraram que os córregos dessas duas bacias têm características limnológicas e fauna distintas. Os córregos da bacia do rio Xingu tiveram menores valores de pH que podem ter sido influenciados pelas elevadas taxas de decomposição orgânica. Os córregos do Rio das Mortes apresentaram valores mais elevados de matéria em suspensão e clorofila, provavelmente ocasionadas pela maior degradação dos córregos e menores níveis de cobertura vegetal.

  12. 78 FR 32183 - Importation of Avocados From Continental Spain

    Science.gov (United States)

    2013-05-29

    .... APHIS-2012-0002] RIN 0579-AD63 Importation of Avocados From Continental Spain AGENCY: Animal and Plant... continental Spain (excluding the Balearic Islands and Canary Islands) into the United States. This action will... avocados from continental Spain (excluding the Balearic Islands and Canary Islands) into the United States...

  13. CRED Gridded Bathymetry near Midway Atoll (100-102), Northwestern Hawaiian Islands

    Data.gov (United States)

    National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Department of Commerce — File 100-102b is a 60-m ASCII grid of depth data collected near Midway Atoll in the Northwestern Hawaiian Islands as of May 2003. This grid has been produced as part...

  14. CRED Gridded Bathymetry near Maro Reef (100-007), Northwestern Hawaiian Islands

    Data.gov (United States)

    National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Department of Commerce — File 100-007b is a 60-m ASCII grid of depth data collected near Maro Reef in the Northwestern Hawaiian Islands as of May 2003. This grid has been produced as part of...

  15. The intention of North-Western Ethiopian dairy farmers to control mastitis

    NARCIS (Netherlands)

    Mekonnen, Sefinew Alemu; Koop, Gerrit; Lam, Theo J G M; Hogeveen, Henk

    2017-01-01

    Understanding the intentions of dairy farmers towards mastitis control is important to design effective udder health control programs. We used the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) to explore the intentions of North-Western Ethiopian dairy farmers towards implementing non-specified mastitis control

  16. La voix de la raison e de la tolérance: O problema histórico da pena de morte e sua suspensão universal anunciada pela Assembléia Geral das Nações Unidas

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Raphael Spode

    2010-10-01

    Full Text Available O tema do presente artigo é a pena de morte, uma questão polêmica que possui diversas faces. Desse modo buscar-se-á analisar essa questão sob diversos prismas, interrelacionando-os.

  17. Spotted owl roost and nest site selection in northwestern California

    Science.gov (United States)

    J.A. Blakesley; A.B. Franklin; R.J. Gutierrez

    1992-01-01

    We directly observed roost and nest site selection in a population of northern spotted owls (Strix occidentalis caurina) in northwestern California during 1985-89. Because of potential biases caused by use of radio telemetry in previous studies, we examined habitat use relative to habitat availability at a level not previously reported for spotted...

  18. O duo dissonante entre a voz do autor e a voz do narrador em Vida e morte de M. J. Gonzaga de Sá, de Lima Barreto

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    José Osmar de Melo

    2011-12-01

    Full Text Available Este ensaio tem como objetivo demonstrar a consciência com que Lima Barreto, no romance Vida e morte de M. J. Gonzaga de Sá, lida com a linguagem e usa o humor e a ironia como elementos fundamentais para desmistificar sua narrativa como representação da realidade, apresentando-a como resultado estético de uma poética do artifício, que valoriza, sobretudo, o processo artístico e metalingüístico de construção do texto literário. Através dessa estratégia de criação literária, o autor procura demonstrar, mediante o recurso à ironia romântica, os artifícios dos procedimentos da construção textual, ao abrir as portas de sua oficina de produção de ilusões, para revelar ao leitor que sua arte constitui-se como um consciente e auto-consciente exercício de linguagem, fundamentado no lúdico (des velamento das artimanhas da criação ficcional que no romance em questão se confirma como jogo textual conscientemente elaborado como arte.Palavras-chave: Lima Barreto; Vida e morte de M. J. Gonzaga de Sá; Ironia romântica; Ironia humoresque; poética do artifício.

  19. Ground-water appraisal in northwestern Big Stone County, west-central Minnesota

    Science.gov (United States)

    Soukup, W.G.

    1980-01-01

    The development of ground water for irrigation in northwestern Big Stone County has not kept up with development in other irrigable areas of the State. This is due, in part, to the absence of extensive surficial aquifers and the difficulty in locating buried aquifers.

  20. Perfis de causas múltiplas de morte relacionadas ao HIV/AIDS nos municípios de São Paulo e Santos, Brasil, 2001

    OpenAIRE

    Pereira,Claudia Cristina de Aguiar; Machado,Carla Jorge; Rodrigues,Roberto do Nascimento

    2007-01-01

    Após a introdução da terapia anti-retroviral de alta potência (TARV), o perfil da morbimortalidade relacionada ao HIV alterou-se, passando de óbitos causados por doenças oportunistas para quadros mórbido-crônicos de doenças "pré-AIDS", ou não definidoras de AIDS, causadas pelos efeitos adversos da terapia. Investigou-se a mortalidade relacionada ao HIV/AIDS através das causas múltiplas de morte, utilizando-se as declarações de óbito de residentes nos municípios de São Paulo e Santos, Brasil, ...

  1. Motta Coqueiro ou a pena de morte: uma trama entre a memória social e a literatura

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Marcos Teixeira de Souza

    2014-12-01

    Full Text Available Motta Coqueiro ou a pena de morte, escrito em 1877, por José do Patrocínio, rememora o caso real do último enforcamento no Brasil, o do fazendeiro Motta Coqueiro, suposto mandante de um violento crime ocorrido no norte fluminense em 1852, controverso até a presente data, contra uma família de agregados, que vivia nas terras do citado fazendeiro. Porém, não restrito ao evento trágico, o romancista leva perspicazmente o leitor para uma narrativa, que ressalta o drama dos negros, dos agregados e do fazendeiro na estrutura colonial; que desnuda os critérios de cor e classe social no Brasil colônia; que evidencia o papel da Memória como uma ferramenta manipulável, ativa e estratégica nas relações sociais.

  2. Upland forest vegetation of the Ozark Mountains in Northwestern Arkansas

    Science.gov (United States)

    Steven L. Stephenson; Harold S. Adams; Cynthia D. Huebner

    2007-01-01

    Quantitative data on structure and composition of all strata of vegetation were collected from 20 study sites in the Boston Mountains Subsection of the Ozark Mountains of northwestern Arkansas in June 2004. All study sites were located at upper slope or ridgetop positions and occurred at elevations > 457 m. Oaks (Quercus spp.) were dominants in...

  3. Benthic Macroinvertebrate Community Assessment, Northwestern Hawaiian Islands, October 2000, (NODC Accession 0002301)

    Data.gov (United States)

    National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Department of Commerce — The Northwestern Hawaiian lslands were sampled during October 2000 at 63 stations on 9 atolls or islands under the lead of NOAA. This work is affiliated with the...

  4. Northwestern Hawaiian Islands Benthic Macroinvertebrate Community Assessment, 2000-10 (NODC Accession 0002301)

    Data.gov (United States)

    National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Department of Commerce — The Northwestern Hawaiian islands were sampled during October 2000 at 63 stations on 9 atolls or islands under the lead of NOAA. This work is affiliated with the...

  5. Quality assurance in Spain

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Villate, J.

    1980-01-01

    The first part of this lecture is devoted to present the energy program in Spain and the three generations of nuclear plants. The evolution of QA is outlined pointing out how IAEA Codes of Practice on QA is now a requirement and also how USA regulations, codes and standards have constituted, up to now, the main framework to develop QA activities in Spain. A general idea is given of the Spanish program of courses to qualify the personnel to be involved in QA tasks in nuclear power plants. Finally a general scheme is given, emphasizing the three main aspects: design, procurement and fabrication; construction (QA on site). (orig./RW)

  6. ITER site selection studies in Spain

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Medrano, M.; Alejaldre, C.; Doncel, J.; Garcia, A.; Ibarra, A.; Jimenez, J.A.; Sanchez de Mora, M.A.; Alcala, F.; Diez, J.E.; Dominguez, M.; Albisu, F.

    2003-01-01

    The studies carried out to evaluate and select a candidate site for International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor (ITER) construction in Spain are presented in this paper. The ITER design, completed in July 2001, considered a number of technical requirements that must be fulfilled by the selected site. Several assumptions concerning the ITER site were made in order to carry on the design before final site selection. In the studies undertaken for ITER site selection in Spain, the referred technical requirements and assumptions were applied across the whole of Spain and two areas were identified as being preferential. These areas are on the Mediterranean coast and are situated in the Catalan and Valencian regions. A comparative evaluation based on technical characteristics for the concrete plots, proposed within the preferential areas, has been done. The result of these studies was the selection of a site that was deemed to be the most competitive--Vandellos (Tarragona)--and it was proposed to the European Commission for detailed studies in order to be considered as a possible European site for ITER construction. Another key factor for hosting ITER in Spain, is the licensing process. The present status is summarised in this paper

  7. Spatial zonation of zooplankton in the northwestern Arabian Sea: A multivariate approach

    Digital Repository Service at National Institute of Oceanography (India)

    Jayalakshmy, K.V.

    Latitudinal variation in abundance, diversity, dominance pattern and zonation of the major groups of zooplankton was studied n the coastal waters of northwestern Arabian Sea, between 25°44' N and 10°44' N. Maxwell Boltzmann Statistic...

  8. Voltando aos registros paroquiais de Minas colonial: etnicidade em São José do Rio das Mortes, 1780-1810 Returning to the parish registers of colonial Minas Gerais: ethnicity in São José do Rio das Mortes, 1780-1810

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Douglas Cole Libby

    2009-12-01

    Full Text Available Este artigo trata dos complexos temas de etnicidade e classificação social no Brasil dos séculos XVIII e XIX. Bases de dados substanciais, de fontes primárias distintas, permitem vislumbrar um quadro integrado dessa complexidade, tal como evoluiu nas Minas Gerais. A lógica no uso das categorias étnicas/de cor e sociais emerge pelo cruzamento de nomes e características individuais nos registros de batismo e de casamento e em listas nominativas. O texto fo caliza a paróquia de São José do Rio das Mortes e fornece respostas preliminares para questões relativas às práticas de maternidade e de casamento, sugerindo como designações étnicas e de cor se consolidaram ao longo de várias gera ções. Os achados apontam para a pre-valência de exogamia entre os escravos, enquanto a endogamia e, talvez, até mesmo um processo de racialização teriam predominado entre a população livre e liberta de todas as designações étnicas e de cor.This article addresses the complex the mes of ethnicity and social classification in eighteenth -and nineteenth-century Brazil. The use of large data bases, derived from independent primary sources, makes it possible to envision the outline of that complexity as it evolved in Minas Gerais. Ethnic/color and social catego ries are carefully examined and the logic of their use begins to emerge through the intersecting of names and individual attributes as they appear in baptismal and marriage registers, as well as in nominal lists. As a detailed case study of the parish of São José do Rio das Mortes, it furnishes preliminary answers to que ries about maternity and marriage practices and sheds light on how ethnic and color designations were consolidated across several generations. Finally, the findings point to a prevalence of exogamic unions among slaves, while endoga my and perhaps even a process of racia lization held sway among the free and freed populations of all color and ethnic designations.

  9. Fatores associados à morte materna em unidade de terapia intensiva

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Suzanne Vieira Saintrain

    Full Text Available RESUMO Objetivo: Identificar os fatores associados à morte materna em pacientes internadas em unidade de terapia intensiva. Métodos: Estudo do tipo transversal realizado em unidade de terapia intensiva materna. Foram selecionados todos os prontuários de pacientes admitidas no período de janeiro de 2012 a dezembro de 2014. O critério de inclusão foi todas as pacientes obstétricas e puérperas, e o de exclusão as com diagnóstico de mola hidatiforme, gravidez ectópica e anembrionada, e as internadas por causas não obstétricas. Foi realizada análise comparativa entre os desfechos óbito e alta hospitalar. Resultados: Foram incluídas 373 pacientes, com idade entre 13 a 45 anos. As causas de internação na unidade de terapia intensiva foram síndromes hipertensivas relacionadas à gestação, cardiopatias, insuficiência respiratória e sepse; as complicações foram lesão renal aguda (24,1%, hipotensão (15,5%, hemorragia (10,2% e sepse (6,7%. Ocorreram 28 óbitos (7,5%. As causas de óbito foram choque hemorrágico, falência múltipla de órgãos, insuficiência respiratória e sepse. Os fatores de risco independentes para óbito foram lesão renal aguda (OR = 6,77, hipotensão (OR = 15,08 e insuficiência respiratória (OR = 3,65. Conclusão: A frequência de óbitos foi baixa. Lesão renal aguda, hipotensão e insuficiência respiratória foram os fatores de risco independentes associados à mortalidade materna.

  10. Spain succeeds on the PWR learning curve

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Varley, J.

    1982-01-01

    The development of nuclear power in Spain is described. Although the programme has been delayed and cut back, success has been achieved in carrying out technology transfer. Spain now has an industry capable of exporting nuclear components, equipment and expertise. An architect-engineering capability has also developed. (U.K.)

  11. A submerged temple complex off Pindara, on the northwestern coast of Saurashtra

    Digital Repository Service at National Institute of Oceanography (India)

    Gaur, A.S.; Sundaresh; Tripati, S.

    Pindara has been an important religious centre since the early historical period as it has been recorded in several ancient texts. An onshore exploration on the northwestern coast of Saurashtra brought to light the remains of a temple complex...

  12. Transparency and Good Governance in Spain

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Catalina Larach

    2015-06-01

    Full Text Available Nowadays, transparency and Governance are relevant for Spain. Especially, for the dissatisfied citizenship and the weakness in national and local institutions over the last few years, with results like not trusting, less guarantee on healthcare and education system, the corruption in public administration, politics-economic issues, and so on. Although, in the European Union, Spain has been one of the last countries to regulate this issue, whit Act 19/2013 there are new objectives relating to open government, citizenship, technology, accountability. Moreover in relation with the structure of administration because the “commission for transparency and good governance” was initiated on last 19th January. In general, its effectiveness in moderating this issue and applying measures in order to get administration systems cleaner in countries like Spain.

  13. Biogeochemistry of a treeline watershed, northwestern Alaska.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Stottlemyer, R

    2001-01-01

    Since 1950, mean annual temperatures in northwestern Alaska have increased. Change in forest floor and soil temperature or moisture could alter N mineralization rates, production of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) and organic nitrogen (DON), and their export to the aquatic ecosystem. In 1990, we began study of nutrient cycles in the 800-ha Asik watershed, located at treeline in the Noatak National Preserve, northwestern Alaska. This paper summarizes relationships between topographic aspect, soil temperature and moisture, inorganic and organic N pools, C pools, CO2 efflux, growing season net N mineralization rates, and stream water chemistry. Forest floor (O2) C/N ratios, C pools, temperature, and moisture were greater on south aspects. More rapid melt of the soil active layer (zone of annual freeze-thaw) and permafrost accounted for the higher moisture. The O2 C and N content were correlated with moisture, inorganic N pools, CO2 efflux, and inversely with temperature. Inorganic N pools were correlated with temperature and CO2 efflux. Net N mineralization rates were positive in early summer, and correlated with O2 moisture, temperature, and C and N pools. Net nitrification rates were inversely correlated with moisture, total C and N. The CO2 efflux increased with temperature and moisture, and was greater on south aspects. Stream ion concentrations declined and DOC increased with discharge. Stream inorganic nitrogen (DIN) output exceeded input by 70%. Alpine stream water nitrate (NO3-) and DOC concentrations indicated substantial contributions to the watershed DIN and DOC budgets.

  14. Causas de morte e razões para eutanásia de cães da Mesorregião do Centro Ocidental Rio-Grandense (1965-2004)

    OpenAIRE

    Fighera, Rafael A.; Souza, Tatiana M.; Silva, Marcia C.; Brum, Juliana S.; Graça, Dominguita L.; Kommers, Glaucia D.; Irigoyen, Luiz F.; Barros, Claudio S.L.

    2008-01-01

    Este estudo teve como objetivo principal determinar a prevalência das doenças que culminam em morte ou que fazem com que os cães da Mesorregião do Centro Ocidental Rio-Grandense sejam submetidos à eutanásia. Para isso, foram revisados todos os protocolos de necropsia de cães, arquivados no Laboratório de Patologia Veterinária (LPV) da Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), realizadas entre janeiro de 1965 e dezembro de 2004. Nos arquivos do LPV-UFSM foram encontrados 4.844 protocolos de ...

  15. Uranium geochemical exploration in northwestern Luzon

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Santos, G. Jr.; Fernandez, L.; Ogena, M.; Tauli, G.

    1980-01-01

    A reconnaissance geochemical stream water and sediment survey which was conducted in northwestern Luzon was able to detect ten (10) uranium anomalous areas. These anomalous areas are located along a north-south trending zone of Miocene marine clastics and sedimentary rocks with tuffaceous sediment intercalations. In general, northwest Luzon has low radioactivity except for two anomalous areas which have 3 to 6 times background radioactivity. Radon anomalies occur in sparsely scattered locations. The anomalous zones appear to be related to major north-south faults and secondary northeast-southwest trending structures. Geochemical correlations between uranium and other elements such as copper, lead, zinc, manganese, silver, cobalt and nickel are generally very poor. (author)

  16. Morte materna mascarada: um caminho para sua identificação Muerte materna enmascarada: un camino para su identificación Identification of concealed or presumable maternal deaths

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Flávia Azevedo Gomes

    2006-12-01

    Full Text Available OBJETIVO: verificar a presença de mortes maternas mascaradas ou presumíveis a partir de procedimentos obstétricos e diagnósticos secundários registrados no Sistema de Informações Hospitalares do Sistema Único de Saúde (SIH-SUS, nos Estados de São Paulo, Paraná, Pará, Ceará e Mato Grosso, nos anos de 1999 e 2000. MÉTODOS: utilizamos dados secundários dos CD-ROMs Movimento de Autorização de Internação Hospitalar (AIH do Sistema Único de Saúde, por meio de formulários das Autorização (AIHs. RESULTADOS: identificamos 651 mortes maternas declaradas pelo sistema e 55 foram mortes maternas mascaradas ou presumíveis, obtidas a partir de procedimentos obstétricos e diagnósticos secundários pertencentes ao Capítulo XV da CID 10 - Gravidez, parto e puerpério, registrados no SIH-SUS. CONCLUSÃO: o presente estudo revelou que tal sistema de informação pode ser utilizado como medida complementar para a identificação de mortes maternas não informadas.OBJETIVO: verificar la presencia de muertes maternas enmascaradas o presumibles a partir de procedimientos obstétricos y diagnósticos secundarios registrados en el Sistema de Informaciones Hospitalarios del Sistema Único de Salud (SIH-SUS, en los Estados de São Paulo, Paraná, Pará, Ceará e Mato Grosso, en los años de 1999 y 2000. MÉTODOS: utilizamos datos secundarios de los CD-ROMs Movimiento de Autorización de Internamiento Hospitalario (AIH del Sistema Único de Salud, por medio de formularios de las AIHs. RESULTADOS: identificamos 651 muertes maternas declaradas en el sistema y 55 fueron muertes maternas enmascaradas o presumibles, obtenidas a partir de procedimientos obstétricos y diagnósticos secundarios pertenecientes al Capítulo XV de la CID 10 - Embarazo, parto y puerperio, registrados en el SIH-SUS. CONCLUSIÓN: el presente estudio reveló que tal sistema de información puede ser utilizado como medida complementaria para la identificación de muertes

  17. Light pollution in Spain 2010

    Science.gov (United States)

    Sánchez de Miguel, A.; Zamorano, J.; Pila-Díez, B.; Rubio, J.; Ruiz, R.; Rodríguez-Herranz, I.; González-Pérez, A.

    2011-11-01

    The most recent data on electricity consumption for public lighting inSpain is presented and compared with light pollution measurements asderived from night satellite imagery. NOAA-MSP images (low-resolution)and higher resolution images obtained with conventional DSLR cameras on board the International Space Station (ISS) have been used.We show that the data can be related to night sky brightness maps with a study conducted within the Comunidad Autónoma de Madrid. Weintend to extend our work to the rest of Spain through tight collaborationwith amateur astronomers.

  18. Risk factors for maternal death in patients with severe preeclampsia and eclampsia Fatores de risco para morte materna em pacientes com pré-eclâmpsia grave/ eclâmpsia

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Melania Maria Ramos de Amorim

    2001-12-01

    Full Text Available OBJECTIVES: to determine the principal death causes in patients with severe preeclampsia/eclampsia and identify related risk factors. METHODS: a case-control study was performed comprising all cases of maternal death (n = 20 in patients with severe preeclampsia or eclampsia (n = 2.541. 80 controls (survivors were randomly selected. The odds ratio and an estimate of maternal death relative risk were determined, and a multiple logistic regression analysis performed to determine the adjusted odds ratio. RESULTS: the basic causes for death were: acute pulmonary edema, disseminated intravascular coagulopathy, hemorrhagic shock, pulmonary embolism, acute renal failure, sepsis and three cases of undetermined causes of death. The principal risk factors were: age > 25 years old, multiparity, gestational age 110mmHg, convulsions, chronic systemic arterial hypertension, HELLP syndrome, pulmonary edema, normally inserted abruptio placenta, disseminated intravascular coagulation, acute renal failure. Variables persistently related to maternal death were: HELLP syndrome, eclampsia, acute pulmonary edema, eclampsia, chronic hypertension and lack of prenatal care. CONCLUSIONS: the principal risk factors for death in women with preeclampsia/eclampsia are the lack of prenatal care, associated to chronic hypertension, HELLP syndrome, eclampsia and acute pulmonary edema.OBJETIVOS: determinar as principais causas de óbito em pacientes com pré-eclâmpsia grave/eclâmpsia e identificar os fatores de risco associados. MÉTODOS: realizou-se um estudo de caso-controle, com todos os casos de morte materna (n = 20 em pacientes com pré-eclâmpsia grave ou eclâmpsia (n = 2.541. Selecionaram-se aleatoriamente 80 controles (sobreviventes. Determinou-se o odds ratio como estimativa do risco relativo de morte materna, realizando-se análise de regressão logística múltipla para determinação do odds ratio ajustado. RESULTADOS: as causas básicas de óbito foram: edema

  19. 78 FR 32184 - Importation of Fresh Apricots From Continental Spain

    Science.gov (United States)

    2013-05-29

    .... APHIS-2011-0132] RIN 0579-AD62 Importation of Fresh Apricots From Continental Spain AGENCY: Animal and... United States of fresh apricots from continental Spain. This action will allow interested persons... importation of fruits and vegetables to allow the importation of fresh apricots from continental Spain into...

  20. Compressão da mortalidade: um estudo da variabilidade da idade à morte na população do Estado de São Paulo, Brasil, 1980-2005 Compression of mortality: a study on the variability of age at death in the State of São Paulo, Brazil, 1980-2005

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Marcos Roberto Gonzaga

    2009-07-01

    Full Text Available Este trabalho analisou as mudanças na estrutura de mortalidade da população do Estado de São Paulo, Brasil, entre 1980 e 2005, na tentativa de identificar os efeitos destas mudanças na variabilidade da idade à morte. As evidências de um deslocamento da distribuição de óbitos para as idades mais avançadas foram claras, pois o tempo médio de vida da população aumentou cerca de sete anos. Buscou-se analisar se esse deslocamento foi acompanhado por uma redução na variabilidade da idade à morte, o que daria suporte para o início de um processo de compressão da mortalidade. Dois períodos distintos de mudança na variabilidade da idade à morte foram evidenciados. No primeiro (1980 a 1995, identificou-se aumento na variabilidade da idade à morte. Já no segundo (1995 a 2005 reconheceu-se tendência de redução nessa variabilidade. Estimativas acima de determinado quartil da distribuição dos óbitos por idade indicaram que o processo de compressão da mortalidade ocorreu em quase todo o período. Destaca-se que as mulheres apresentaram variabilidade da idade à morte significativamente menor que os homens em todo o período analisado.In the present study, changes in the population mortality structure in the State of São Paulo, Brazil, were analyzed from 1980 to 2005, aimed at identifying the effects of these changes on the variability of age at death. Evidence of a change in the distribution of deaths toward more advanced ages was found, and the mean lifespan for the overall population increased by seven years during the period. Two different scenarios were observed. The first (1980-1995 showed an increase in the variability of age at death. The second (1995-2005 showed a downward trend in variability. Estimates beyond a given quartile of the death distribution by age indicated that compression of mortality took place throughout the entire period. However, variability of age at death was lower for males as compared to females.

  1. Economic crisis and nursing in Spain.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Zabalegui, Adelaida; Cabrera, Esther

    2010-07-01

    The purpose of the present study is to describe the economic context in Spain and its impact on the health care sector and in nursing schools. The global economic crisis is affecting nursing in Spain. This study analyses and compares indicators related to health care and nursing schools among European countries. Some new strategies to cope with the challenges arising from the health care crisis are suggested. Health care costs are increasing as a result of the ageing of the Spanish population, immigration, chronicity of health problems and new medical technology. Nursing education has changed in 2010 from a 3-year diploma programme to a 4-year University degree in Nursing. This change requires new resources involving staff, facilities and equipment, all of which are lacking because of the economic crisis in Spain. The worldwide economic crisis has affected Spain more than it has other European Union (EU) countries. This global crisis has an impact on the health care sector as well on nursing schools. It is essential for nursing management to develop creative approaches to maintain cost effective patient care. New programmes and technology must be carefully evaluated in terms of cost effectiveness before being implemented. All health care professionals should be well informed and have a solid understanding of this situation.

  2. University Teacher’s Evaluation in Spain

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Francisco Javier Tejedor Tejedor

    2008-08-01

    Full Text Available This article intends to make a brief overview about the performance evaluation for university teachers in democratic Spain. It contents: a considerations about teaching evaluation, in order to delimit the authors’ position in this matter, due to the fact that this position obviously conditions any revision; b a brief summary of the history of university teachers evaluation in Spain during the last years, since the Spanish Constitution of 1978 approval; c a typology of the evaluation plans, in order to define a map of the planning lines for evaluations applied in Spain; d the technical guidelines for teachers´ evaluation and presentation of the current model, exampled by its application in the university of Salamanca; and e as a conclusion, some considerations about the consequences of evaluation and its entailment with the professionalization of university teachers.

  3. [Nuclear medicine in Spain: high technology 2013].

    Science.gov (United States)

    Soriano Castrejón, A M; Prats Rivera, E; Alonso Farto, J C; Vallejo Casas, J A; Rodriguez Gasen, A; Setoain Perego, J; Arbizu Lostao, J

    2014-01-01

    This article details the high technology equipment in Spain obtained through a survey sent to the three main provider companies of equipment installed in Spain. The geographical distribution of high technology by Autonomous Communities and its antiquity have been analyzed. Copyright © 2014 Elsevier España, S.L.U. y SEMNIM. All rights reserved.

  4. Construction industry accidents in Spain.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Camino López, Miguel A; Ritzel, Dale O; Fontaneda, Ignacio; González Alcantara, Oscar J

    2008-01-01

    This paper analyzed industrial accidents that take place on construction sites and their severity. Eighteen variables were studied. We analyzed the influence of each of these with respect to the severity and fatality of the accident. This descriptive analysis was grounded in 1,630,452 accidents, representing the total number of accidents suffered by workers in the construction sector in Spain over the period 1990-2000. It was shown that age, type of contract, time of accident, length of service in the company, company size, day of the week, and the remainder of the variables under analysis influenced the seriousness of the accident. IMPACT ON INJURY PREVENTION: The results obtained show that different training was needed, depending on the severity of accidents, for different age, length of service in the company, organization of work, and time when workers work. The research provides an insight to the likely causes of construction injuries in Spain. As a result of the analysis, industries and governmental agencies in Spain can start to provide appropriate strategies and training to the construction workers.

  5. Soil microbial biomass under pine forests in the north-western Spain: influence of stand age, site index and parent material

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Mahia, J.; Perez-Ventura, L.; Cabaneiro, A.; Diaz-Ravina, M.

    2006-07-01

    The effects of stand age, site index and parent material on soil biochemical properties related to biomass (extractable C, microbial C and metabolic quotient) were examined in the 0-15 cm mineral soil layers of Pinus pinaster and Pinus sylvestris stand from NW Spain. Two productivity levels (low and high site index), two ages (young and old) and two parent soil materials (granite and acid schists) were considered. The data indicated that there were differences in microbial parameters in soils under different species. In general in P. pinaster forest higher values of biochemical parameters expressed on organic C basis, were observed in the stands of high site index as compared with the low ones; in contrast, in P. sylvestris no differences among stand site index were detected. In both species different results were also observed depending on parent material and a significant effect of stand age was detected for extractable C and microbial C in P. pinaster forest developed over granite. The data seem to indicate that measured parameters may have the potential to be used as indicators of the effect of forest management on soil organic matter quality. (Author) 25 refs.

  6. Implementation of the new maintenance rule in Spain

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Coello, A. L.; Gerez, L.

    2000-01-01

    The maintenance rule involving a change in philosophy both for the facilities and regulations has been implemented in Spain nuclear power plants as from April 1st this year. The authors describe this rule and detail its fulfillment in Spain. (Author)

  7. EOP Habitat and reef fish assemblages of banks in the Northwestern Hawaiian Islands

    Data.gov (United States)

    National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Department of Commerce — Relational data table for SCUBA diving surveys on the bank of the Northwestern Hawaiian Islands, which were published in a manuscript named in the title above. These...

  8. Assessing malaria transmission in a low endemicity area of north-western Peru

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Rosas-Aguirre, Angel; Llanos-Cuentas, Alejandro; Speybroeck, Niko

    2013-01-01

    Where malaria endemicity is low, control programmes need increasingly sensitive tools for monitoring malaria transmission intensity (MTI) and to better define health priorities. A cross-sectional survey was conducted in a low endemicity area of the Peruvian north-western coast to assess the MTI u...

  9. Avaliação da Capacidade de Autodepuração do Rio das Mortes no Município de Vassouras/RJ

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Pedro Ricciardone

    2015-07-01

    Full Text Available Este trabalho apresenta uma simulação matemática da capacidade de autodepuração do Rio das Mortes no Município de Vassouras/RJ utilizando o modelo de Streeter-Phelps. A simulação do modelo é comparada com os dados experimentais medidos em campo de oxigênio dissolvido (OD e da demanda bioquímica de oxigênio (DBO. Os resultados obtidos apresentam o grau de poluição do corpo d´água e o comprimento necessário para que o mesmo recuperasse os níveis adequados de OD e DBO, apenas por processos naturais, e retornasse a estabilidade.

  10. Costs, outcomes and challenges for diabetes care in Spain

    OpenAIRE

    Lopez-Bastida, Julio; Boronat, Mauro; Moreno, Juan Oliva; Schurer, Willemien

    2013-01-01

    Background Diabetes is becoming of increasing concern in Spain due to rising incidence and prevalence, although little information is known with regards to costs and outcomes. The information on cost of diabetes in Spain is fragmented and outdated. Our objective is to update diabetes costs, and to identify outcomes and quality of care of diabetes in Spain. Methods We performed systematic searches from secondary sources, including scientific literature and government data and reports. Results ...

  11. Sustainable energy communities: a study contrasting Spain and Germany

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Romero-Rubio, Carmen; Andrés Díaz, José Ramón de

    2015-01-01

    In recent years, several governments and organisations in the developed world have encouraged the creation of sustainable energy communities (SECs) as a strategy for achieving their energy and environmental targets. However, whereas in some of these countries (e.g., Germany), numerous SECs have been founded, there are other countries, such as Spain, where the creation and growth of SECs has been much slower. The purpose of this article is to analyse the case of Spain, to determine the causes of the lack of SECs in this country, and to propose actions adapted to the Spanish context aimed at accelerating the creation of SECs. To facilitate these tasks, we have taken the German case as a reference. The key finding is that, in contrast to Germany, in Spain, SECs have scarcely contributed to the development of RE (Renewable energy) infrastructures, despite having similar incentives for renewable electricity (until recently). Moreover, in Spain, these incentives have been drastically cut recently. Therefore, it has become even more difficult to finance a renewable electricity generation plant. That is why strategies in sectors other than renewable electricity have been suggested for the encouragement of SECs in Spain. -- Highlights: •Collective-ownership models for RE (Renewable energy) infrastructures are very widespread in Germany. •Approximately 22% of the installed renewable electricity capacity in Germany is owned by SECs. •In contrast, collective ownership of RE infrastructures is rare in Spain. •In Spain, incentives for renewable electricity have been drastically cut recently. •To encourage SECs, energy activities other than renewable electricity production are proposed

  12. Tendência da mortalidade relacionada à varicela no Estado de São Paulo, Brasil, 1985 a 2004: estudo usando causas múltiplas de morte Chickenpox-related mortality trends in the state of São Paulo, Brazil, 1985-2004: a multiple cause approach

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Augusto Hasiak Santo

    2007-08-01

    Full Text Available OBJETIVO: Estudar a tendência da mortalidade relacionada à varicela tanto como causa básica quanto como causa associada de morte (informada em qualquer linha ou parte do atestado médico da declaração de óbito. MÉTODOS: Os dados provieram dos bancos de causas múltiplas de morte da Fundação Sistema Estadual de Análise de Dados de São Paulo (SEADE entre 1985 e 2004. As causas de morte foram processadas pelo Tabulador de Causas Múltiplas. RESULTADOS: Nesse período de 20 anos, ocorreram 1 037 óbitos em que a varicela foi identificada como causa básica e 150 nos quais foi causa associada. Os coeficientes de mortalidade pela causa básica foram superiores e declinaram, ao passo que a mortalidade por varicela como causa associada apresentou um pequeno aumento. Setenta e seis por cento das mortes ocorreram em menores de 10 anos de idade, especialmente nos menores de 1 ano. Ocorreu concentração de mortes entre os meses de julho e janeiro (86,8% do total de 1 187 óbitos, com valores máximos em outubro. Os coeficientes de mortalidade da capital para a varicela como causa básica e associada foram, respectivamente, 47,1 e 50,0% maiores do que os do interior do Estado. Para a varicela como causa básica, as pneumonias e septicemias foram as principais causas associadas, ao passo que para a varicela como causa associada, a AIDS e as neoplasias foram as principais causas básicas de morte. CONCLUSÕES: Em que pese o declínio da varicela como causa básica de morte, este estudo permitiu evidenciar o impacto da mortalidade relacionada à varicela em grupos de risco específicos, entre os quais as crianças entre 1 e 4 anos e os indivíduos com AIDS e neoplasias.OBJECTIVE: To study mortality trends related to chickenpox, as either the underlying or associated cause-of-death (recorded in any field of the medical section of the death certificate, in São Paulo, Brazil. METHODS: Mortality data for 1985-2004 were obtained from the multiple cause

  13. The vegetation of the north-western Orange Free State, South Africa. 1. Physical environment

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    M. S. Kooij

    1990-10-01

    Full Text Available The physiography, geology, soil, land types and climate of the north-western Orange Free State are described. The description provides a contextual framework for the subsequent vegetation classification.

  14. Molecular identification of tick-borne hemoparasites in equines from Northwestern Colombia

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Yeison Agudelo-Ruíz

    2017-05-01

    Full Text Available Objetive. To detect and identify Anaplasmataceae agents and piroplasms in equines from the slaughterhouse “La Rinconada” at Rionegro municipality in Antioquia. Materials and Methods. A descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out on equines selected by convenience during a period of 2015. Information about species, sex, age and origin of the animals. Whole blood was collected for DNA extraction procedure, and a PCR targeting a 360bp of Anaplasmataceae 16S ribosomal gene and 450bp of 18S ribosomal gene of Piroplasm were used for detection. PCR amplicons selected were submitted to direct sequencing for identification of hemoparasites through genetic analysis. Results. 135 equine samples from Antioquia, Cordoba y Sucre were analyzed. 78% were horses, 16% were donkeys and 6% were mules. Anaplasmataceae agents were not detected in any sample, meanwhile 13% were positive to piroplasm PCR. Sequence analysis reveals the circulation of Theileria equi in northwestern Colombia. Conclusion. This work presents the first molecular evidence of at least three genotypes of T. equi in equines of northwestern Colombia.

  15. Upper lower Cambrian (provisional Cambrian Series 2 trilobites from northwestern Gansu Province, China

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Jan Bergström†

    2014-08-01

    Full Text Available Upper lower Cambrian (provisional Cambrian Series 2 trilobites are described from three sections through the Shuangyingshan Formation in the Beishan area, northwestern Gansu Province, China. The trilobite fauna is dominated by eodiscoid and corynexochid trilobites, together representing at least ten genera: Serrodiscus, Tannudiscus, Calodiscus, Pagetides, Kootenia, Edelsteinaspis, Ptarmiganoides?, Politinella, Dinesus and Subeia. Eleven species are described, of which seven are identified with previously described taxa and four described under open nomenclature. The composition of the fauna suggests biogeographic affinity with Siberian rather than Gondwanan trilobite faunas, and the Cambrian Series 2 faunas described herein and from elsewhere in northwestern China seem to be indicative of the marginal areas of the Siberian palaeocontinent. This suggests that the Middle Tianshan–Beishan Terrane may have been located fairly close to Siberia during middle–late Cambrian Epoch 2.

  16. Transit traverse in Missouri, 1900-1937. Part 4, Northwestern Missouri, 1911-37

    Science.gov (United States)

    Staack, John G.

    1940-01-01

    This bulletin, which for convenience is to be published in eight parts, contains the results of all transit traverse* done In Missouri through 1937 by the Geological Survey, United States Department of the Interior, including those heretofore published. (See page X.) Each of the parts deals with one of eight sections into which the State has been divided for this purpose and which have been designated northeastern, northwestern, southeastern, southwestern, central, east-central, south-central, and west-central Missouri. In each part descriptions of the points for which geodetic positions have been determined are listed according to the quadrangles in which the points occur. Results of transit traverse other than that done by the Geological Survey have not been included.Northwestern Missouri, as the term is used in this bulletin and as the subject of part 4 of the bulletin, is that section of the State lying north of latitude 39°30' and west of longitude 93°15'

  17. Impact of a near-death experience and religious conversion on the mental health of a criminal: case report and literature review Impacto de uma experiência de quase-morte e conversão religiosa sobre a saúde mental de um criminoso: relato de caso e revisão da literatura

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Camilla C. Braghetta

    2013-01-01

    Full Text Available OBJECTIVE: Near-death experiences have been defined as profound psychological events that may occur to a person while close to death or in a situation of extreme physical or emotional distress. These experiences seem to have an important effect on the patients’ mental health and may occur in several situations despite their cultural and religious beliefs. CASE DESCRIPTION: The present case report describes the positive impact of a near-death experience (Greyson scale > 7 followed by religious conversion on the mental health of a former prisoner. COMMENTS: Investigation of the role of near-death experiences by the scientific community could shed light on the coping mechanisms and moral/ethical transformations that take place in these individuals.OBJETIVO: As experiências de quase-morte são definidas como eventos psicológicos profundos, que podem ocorrer quando uma pessoa está em morte iminente ou em situação de intensa crise física ou emocional. Essas experiências parecem ter efeito importante sobre a saúde mental desses pacientes e ocorrem em diversas situações, a despeito de culturas e crenças religiosas. RELATO DE CASO: O presente relato de caso descreve a influência positiva de uma experiência de quase-morte (escala de Greyson > 7 seguida de conversão religiosa sobre a saúde mental de um ex-detento. COMENTÁRIO: A investigação do papel de experiências de quase-morte em âmbito científico poderia ajudar a elucidar os mecanismos de coping e transformações éticas e morais que ocorrem nesses indivíduos.

  18. Gambling in Spain: update on experience, research and policy.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Jiménez-Murcia, Susana; Fernández-Aranda, Fernando; Granero, Roser; Menchón, Jose Manuel

    2014-10-01

    To describe the current situation of gambling in Spain, sketching its history and discussing the regulations and legislation currently in force within the framework of the European Union (EU), and to review the epidemiology of gambling in Spain, the self-help groups and professional treatments available, and their potential effectiveness. A systematic computerized search was performed in three databases (EMBASE, PubMed and PsychINFO, including articles and chapters) and the reference lists from previous reviews to obtain some of the most relevant studies published up to now on the topic of pathologic gambling in Spain. Similar to other EU countries, Spain has a high prevalence of pathologic gambling, focused on specific culturally bounded types of gambling. Expenditure in online gaming has risen significantly in the last few years, prompting the Spanish government to draft new legislation to regulate gaming. The gaming industry is expected to be one of the fastest growing sectors in Spain in the coming years owing to the rise of new technologies and the development of online gaming. © 2013 Society for the Study of Addiction.

  19. 78 FR 9327 - Hawaii Crustacean Fisheries; 2013 Northwestern Hawaiian Islands Lobster Harvest Guideline

    Science.gov (United States)

    2013-02-08

    ... DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration 50 CFR Part 665 RIN 0648-XC453 Hawaii Crustacean Fisheries; 2013 Northwestern Hawaiian Islands Lobster Harvest Guideline AGENCY: National Marine Fisheries Service (NMFS), National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), Commerce...

  20. 76 FR 4551 - Hawaii Crustacean Fisheries; 2011 Northwestern Hawaiian Islands Lobster Harvest Guideline

    Science.gov (United States)

    2011-01-26

    ... DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration 50 CFR Part 665 RIN 0648-XA159 Hawaii Crustacean Fisheries; 2011 Northwestern Hawaiian Islands Lobster Harvest Guideline AGENCY: National Marine Fisheries Service (NMFS), National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), Commerce...

  1. Motta Coqueiro ou a pena de morte: uma trama entre a memória social e a literatura

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Marcos Teixeira de Souza

    2018-04-01

    Full Text Available Motta Coqueiro ou a pena de morte, escrito em 1877, por José do Patrocínio, rememora o caso real do último enforcamento no Brasil, o do mandante de um violento crime ocorrido no norte fluminense em 1852, controverso até a presente data, contra uma família de agregados, que vivia nas terras do citado fazendeiro. Porém, não restrito ao evento trágico, o romancista leva perspicazmente o leitor para uma narrativa, que ressalta o drama dos negros, dos agregados e do fazendeiro na estrutura colonial; que desnuda os critérios de cor e classe social no Brasil colônia; que evidencia o papel da Memória como uma ferramenta manipulável, ativa e estratégica nas relações sociais. Palavras-chaves: José do Patrocínio; Motta Coqueiro; Memória Social.

  2. Road accidents and business cycles in Spain.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Rodríguez-López, Jesús; Marrero, Gustavo A; González, Rosa Marina; Leal-Linares, Teresa

    2016-11-01

    This paper explores the causes behind the downturn in road accidents in Spain across the last decade. Possible causes are grouped into three categories: Institutional factors (a Penalty Point System, PPS, dating from 2006), technological factors (active safety and passive safety of vehicles), and macroeconomic factors (the Great recession starting in 2008, and an increase in fuel prices during the spring of 2008). The PPS has been blessed by incumbent authorities as responsible for the decline of road fatalities in Spain. Using cointegration techniques, the GDP growth rate, the fuel price, the PPS, and technological items embedded in motor vehicles appear to be statistically significantly related with accidents. Importantly, PPS is found to be significant in reducing fatal accidents. However, PPS is not significant for non-fatal accidents. In view of these results, we conclude that road accidents in Spain are very sensitive to the business cycle, and that the PPS influenced the severity (fatality) rather than the quantity of accidents in Spain. Importantly, technological items help explain a sizable fraction in accidents downturn, their effects dating back from the end of the nineties. Copyright © 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

  3. The hydrological response of a small catchment after the abandonment of terrace cultivation. A study case in northwestern Spain

    Science.gov (United States)

    Llorente-Adán, Jose A.; Lana-Renault, Noemí; Galilea, Ianire; Ruiz-Flaño, Purificacion

    2015-04-01

    Terrace construction for cultivation results in a complete transformation of the hillslopes to a series of flat sectors and almost vertical steps. This strategy, which involves a redistribution of soils and a re-organization of the drainage network, provides fertile soil over steep slopes, improves infiltration and controls overland flow under conditions of intense rainstorms. In Camero Viejo (north-western Iberian ranges) most of the hillslopes are occupied by terraced fields. During the XXth century, rural population declined and agricultural practices were abandoned. In this area, a small catchment (1.9 km2) was monitored in 2012 for studying how the abandonment of agricultural terraces affect water and sediment transfer from the hillslopes to the channels. Terraces occupy 40% of the catchment and are covered by sparse grass and shrubs. The equipment installed in the catchment registers continuously meteorological data, discharge and water table fluctuations. Data on suspended sediment transport is obtained by means of a rising-stage sampler. Here we present the hydrological results corresponding to the years 2012-13 and 2013-14. The hydrological response of the catchment was moderate (annual runoff coefficient < 0.20), which could be in part explained by the high evapotranspiration rates reported in the area. Lows flows were recorded in summer and autumn, when the water reserves of the catchment were dry, and high flows occurred from January, when the catchment became wetter. The shape of the hydrographs, with slow response times, moderate peakflows and long recession limbs suggested a large contribution of subsurface flow, probably favored by deep and well structured soils in the bench terraces. Soil saturation areas were not observed during the study period, suggesting that soil infiltration processes and subsurface flow are important, and that the drainage system of the terraces is probably well maintained. No suspended sediment has been collected so far

  4. Influences of climate on fire regimes in montane forests of north-western Mexico

    Science.gov (United States)

    Carl N. Skinner; Jack H. Burk; Michael G. Barbour; Ernesto Franco-Vizcaino; Scott L. Stephens

    2008-01-01

    Aim To identify the influence of interannual and interdecadal climate variation on the occurrence and extent of fires in montane conifer forests of north-western Mexico. Location This study was conducted in Jeffrey pine (Pinus jeffreyi Grev. & Balf.)- dominated mixed-conifer...

  5. CRED Gridded Bathymetry of Necker Island (100-021) in the Northwestern Hawaiian Islands

    Data.gov (United States)

    National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Department of Commerce — File 100-021b is a 60-m ASCII grid of depth data collected near Necker Island in the Northwestern Hawaiian Islands as of May 2003. This grid has been produced as...

  6. Nuclear energy in Spain

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Isla, M.

    1984-01-01

    The 'Plan Energetico Nacional de 1983' (1983 National Energy Program)(PEN-83) was approved recently by the Spanish Government and presented to the 'Cortes Espanolas' (Spanish Parliament) in May 1984. The PEN-83 is being discussed at present in the Parliament and it is possible that some modifications be introduced, but expectedly will be rather limited and minor. PEN-83 covers the period 1983-1992. It includes a comparative analysis of the evolution and situation in OECD countries and in Spain. In Spain the offer, supply and consumption of primary energy and of the interrelation with other economic indicators, such as the gross domestic product, inflation rate and unemployment compared with that of the industrialized OECD countries, has shown a much lower capability to adapt its structure to the energy price increases

  7. Inspection of nuclear fuel transport in Spain

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Lobo Mendez, J.

    1977-01-01

    The experience acquired in inspecting nuclear fuel shipments carried out in Spain will serve as a basis for establishing the regulations wich must be adhered to for future transports, as the transport of nuclear fuels in Spain will increase considerably within the next years as a result of the Spanish nuclear program. The experience acquired in nuclear fuel transport inspection is described. (author) [es

  8. Pharmaceutical costs of assisted reproduction in Spain.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Lorente, Maria-Reyes; Hernández, Juana; Antoñanzas, Fernando

    2013-11-01

    Assisted reproduction is one of the health services currently being considered for possible limitation or exclusion from the public health services portfolio in Spain. One of the main reasons claimed for this is the impact on the budget for pharmaceutical expenditure. The objective of this study was to assess the significance of the pharmaceutical costs of assisted reproduction in Spain. This study focused on medical practice in Spain, and is based on the opinions of experts in assisted reproduction and the results provided by professional societies' publications. The reference year is 2012 and the setting was secondary care. We have included all existing pharmaceutical modalities for assisted reproduction, as well as the most common drug for each modality. We have considered the pharmaceutical cost per cycle for artificial insemination, in vitro fertilisation with or without intracytoplasmic sperm injection (IVF_ICSI), and cryotransfer and donated fresh oocytes reception. In Spain, artificial insemination has a pharmaceutical cost per cycle of between €69.36 and €873.79. This amounts to an average cycle cost of €364.87 for partner's sperm and €327.10 for donor sperm. The pharmaceutical cost of IVF_ICSI ranges between €278.16 and €1,902.66, giving an average cost per cycle of €1,139.65. In the case of cryotransfer and donated fresh oocytes reception, the pharmaceutical cost per cycle is between €22.61 and €58.73, yielding an average cost of €40.67. The budgetary impact of pharmaceutical expenditure for assisted reproduction in Spain for the year 2012 was estimated at €98.7 million. In Spain, the total pharmaceutical cost of assisted reproduction is substantial. According to our results, we can say that about 29% of the total pharmaceutical expenditure for assisted reproduction techniques is funded by the National Health System and the rest represents 2.4% of the total annual out-of-pocket family expenditure on drugs.

  9. Les petits travailleurs du siècle : Sur Petites natures mortes au travail (2000 d’Yves Pagès

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Isabelle Bernard-Rabadi

    2012-01-01

    Full Text Available Many of the fictions of Yves Pagès claim a taste for political controversy and claims libertarians: Petites natures mortes au travail (2000 is one of them. Composed of 24 short stories, this fiction is written without exacerbating militancy but shows through the mode of fragment new world of work, where workers rush to part-time in entertainment industry. All Characters are contractors, unemployed at the end of Rights and precarious. I will follow a tri-axial plan to show that the writer Yves Pagès with his serie of painting develops a gallery of the working class of the French at the end of the XXth Century. The first part will explicit the poetic of fragment, the second will draw a provocative portrait of Pagès and the third will explain the changing world of real work in terms of fiction.

  10. CRED Gridded Bathymetry of Nihoa Island (100-025) in the Northwestern Hawaiian Islands

    Data.gov (United States)

    National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Department of Commerce — File 100-025b is a 60-m ASCII grid of depth data collected near Nihoa Island in the Northwestern Hawaiian Islands as of May 2003. This grid has been produced as part...

  11. CRED Gridded Bathymetry of Raita Bank (100-009), in the Northwestern Hawaiian Islands

    Data.gov (United States)

    National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Department of Commerce — File 100-009b is a 60-m ASCII grid of depth data collected near Raita Bank in the Northwestern Hawaiian Islands as of May 2003. This grid has been produced as part...

  12. A new genus and species of Bythitidae (Teleostei: Ophidiiformes) from northwestern Australia

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Nielsen, Jørgen; Schwarzhans, Werner

    2011-01-01

    A new genus and species of bathyal bythitid fish (Teleostei: Ophidiiformes) is described based on a single specimen caught at a depth of 392 m in the Timor Sea off the coast of northwestern Australia. Timorichthys disjunctus gen. nov., sp. nov. differs from all other bythitid genera by the position...

  13. Benthic nutrient cycling and diagenetic pathways in the North-western Black Sea

    NARCIS (Netherlands)

    Friedrich, J.; Dinkel, C.; Friedl, G.; Pimenov, N.; Wijsman, J.W.M.; Gomoiu, M-T.; Cociasu, A.; Popa, L.; Wehrli, B.

    2002-01-01

    Benthic fluxes of nutrients and metals were measured in the coastal zone of the north-western Black Sea, which is influenced by the Danube and Dniestr rivers. The results from the benthic flux chambers deployed during two EROS 21 cruises in summer 1995 and in spring 1997 yield information on benthic

  14. [High energy physics research]: Annual performance report, December 1, 1991--November 30, 1992. [Northwestern Univ

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Rosen, J; Block, M; Buchholz, D; Gobbi, B; Schellman, H; Buchholz, D; Rosen, J; Miller, D; Braaten, E; Chang, D; Oakes, R; Schellman, H

    1992-01-01

    The various segments of the Northwestern University high energy physics research program are reviewed. Work is centered around experimental studies done primarily at FNAL; associated theoretical efforts are included.

  15. [Heart failure mortality in Spain: is there an andalusian paradox?].

    Science.gov (United States)

    Jiménez-Navarro, M; Gómez-Doblas, J; Molero, E; Galván, E de Teresa

    2006-06-01

    Congestive heart failure has a high mortality, as reflected in different clinical trials and observational studies. Spain, as other countries around the Mediterranean basin, have a relatively low rate of coronary deaths, attributed to the so-called Mediterranean lifestyle. Andalusia, in the southern most part of Spain, constitutes the paradigm of Mediterranean lifestyle. However, different reports show that the prevalence of ischemic heart disease is higher in Andalusia than in other zones of Spain. Thus the mortality rate due to heart failure in Spain in the year 2000 per 100,000 inhabitants was 27.3 in men and 28.88 in women and each one of the eight Andalusia provinces had greater rates than the national mean in both men and woman. Even in countries with a relatively low prevalence of coronary heart disease as is the case in Spain, heart failure mortality seems to be parallel to local differences in IHD prevalence.

  16. Wind power development in Spain, the model of Navarra

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Miguel Ichaso, A. de [Energia Hidroelectrica de Navarra S.A. (EHN), Pamplona (Spain)

    2000-08-01

    Wind power implementation in Spain has undergone spectacular growth in recent years. From 834 Megawatts installed at the end of 1998, the figure of 1,500 MW was reached at the end of 1999 and forecasts expect well over 2,500 MW by the end of the year 2000. A favourable legislative framework and tariff structure have brought about this rate of development, which is mainly based on the implementation of large wind farms on high altitude sites in Spain. The region of Navarra (northern Spain) has played a special role in this development, and EHN, a company born in this region, has carried out major projects that have given it 30% of the Spanish wind power sector. The challenges for the sector in Spain over the next few years are: (1) Make its development compatible with the supply guarantees required by the national electricity supply operator, (2) ensure that the implementation of wind farms is done with respect for the environment, (3) harmonise the wind power development of the different Autonomous Communities of Spain, and (4) reduce the investment costs in order to obtain enough profitability with falling energy prices in the coming years. (orig.)

  17. Taxation of nuclear waste in Spain

    OpenAIRE

    Rozas Valdés, José Andrés

    2014-01-01

    Law 15/2012 established in Spain four new environmental taxes and extended the scope objective excise duties on mineral oils to tax the use of natural gas and coal as sources of electricity. One of the newly created taxes falls on all electric power producers, and has as tax base the turnover. The second one tax hydropower production, and the other two fall on the nuclear industry. So, there are two new taxes in Spain on the production of electricity from nuclear sources. The first one is a t...

  18. Climate Change and Neotectonic History of Northwestern China

    Science.gov (United States)

    Farr, Tom G.; Chadwick, Oliver; Evans, Diane; Gillespie, Alan; Peltzer, Gilles; Tapponnier, Paul

    1996-01-01

    The progress, results and future plans for the following objectives are presented: (1) To compare the types, rates, and magnitudes of surficial modification processes that have operated in Northwest China and the Southwestern U.S.; (2) To quantify and understand the basis of the remote sensing signatures of these processes to allow extrapolation from field sites to regional maps and to allow comparisons between widely separated arid regions; (3) To use the resulting chronologies to help define the temporal and spatial distribution of continental climate changes; and (4) Determine the ages of movements on some of the active faults in Northwestern China.

  19. Mortes por suicídio: diferenças de gênero e nível socioeconômico

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Leticia Marín-León

    2003-06-01

    Full Text Available OBJETIVO: Descrever a tendência da mortalidade por suicídio e o perfil sociodemográfico, identificando diferenças de sexo e nível socioeconômico. MÉTODOS: Analisou-se a tendência das taxas brutas de suicídio, em Campinas, SP, no período 1976-2001, segundo o sexo. Para a análise sociodemográfica dos óbitos, no período de 1996-2001, foi utilizado o Banco de Dados de Óbitos de Campinas. Para a análise das diferenças socioeconômicas utilizou-se abordagem ecológica, em que as 42 áreas de abrangência das unidades básicas dos serviços de saúde foram agrupadas em quatro estratos homogêneos. Calcularam-se taxas padronizadas por idade (método direto. RESULTADOS: Comparando a outros países, a mortalidade por suicídio no município foi baixa (<5 ób/100.000 hab. A sobremortalidade masculina foi superior a 2,7 suicídios masculinos para cada suicídio feminino. Em 1980-1985 as maiores taxas foram observadas nos adultos de 55 anos e mais; já em 1997-2001 as taxas são mais elevadas nos adultos de 35-54 anos. Entre os homens, os meios mais utilizados são o enforcamento (36,4% e as armas de fogo (31,8%. Entre as mulheres predomina o envenenamento (24,2%, seguido pelas armas de fogo e enforcamento (21,2% cada; este último ocorreu predominantemente no domicílio (75,7%; já as mortes por arma de fogo e envenenamento ocorreram em maior proporção em hospitais. Diferentemente dos homicídios, os suicídios não apresentam aumento progressivo das taxas com a diminuição do nível socioeconômico. CONCLUSÕES: As taxas são baixas, oscilando com aumentos e declínios sucessivos, sem tendência continua de crescimento ou redução. Os riscos de morte por suicídio são maiores nos homens e não aumentam com a redução do nível socioeconômico.

  20. Teaching Digital Libraries in Spain: Context and Experiences

    Science.gov (United States)

    Garcia-Marco, Francisco-Javier

    2009-01-01

    The situation of digital libraries teaching and learning in Spain up to 2008 is examined. A detailed analysis of the different curricula and subjects is provided both at undergraduate and postgraduate level. Digital libraries have been mostly a postgraduate topic in Spain, but they should become mainstream, with special subjects devoted to them,…

  1. Sex Education in Spain: Teachers' Views of Obstacles

    Science.gov (United States)

    Martinez, Jose L.; Carcedo, Rodrigo J.; Fuertes, Antonio; Vicario-Molina, Isabel; Fernandez-Fuertes, Andres A.; Orgaz, Begona

    2012-01-01

    This paper offers an overview of the current state, difficulties, limitations and future possibilities for sex education in Spain. On the basis of a study involving 3760 teachers from all provinces in Spain, a detailed analysis of the obstacles at legislative, school and teacher levels was developed. Significant weaknesses were found at each of…

  2. Precipitation reconstruction for the northwestern Chinese Altay since 1760 indicates the drought signals of the northern part of inner Asia.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Chen, Feng; Yuan, Yujiang; Zhang, Tongwen; Shang, Huaming

    2016-03-01

    Based on the significant positive correlations between the regional tree-ring width chronology and local climate data, the total precipitation of the previous July to the current June was reconstructed since AD 1760 for the northwestern Chinese Altay. The reconstruction model accounts for 40.7 % of the actual precipitation variance during the calibration period from 1959 to 2013. Wet conditions prevailed during the periods 1764-1777, 1784-1791, 1795-1805, 1829-1835, 1838-1846, 1850-1862, 1867-1872, 1907-1916, 1926-1931, 1935-1943, 1956-1961, 1968-1973, 1984-1997, and 2002-2006. Dry episodes occurred during 1760-1763, 1778-1783, 1792-1794, 1806-1828, 1836-1837, 1847-1849, 1863-1866, 1873-1906, 1917-1925, 1932-1934, 1944-1955, 1962-1967, 1974-1983, 1998-2001, and 2007-2012. The spectral analysis of the precipitation reconstruction shows the existence of some cycles (15.3, 4.5, 3.1, 2.7, and 2.1 years). The significant correlations with the gridded precipitation dataset revealed that the precipitation reconstruction represents the precipitation variation for a large area of the northern part of inner Asia. A comparison with the precipitation reconstruction from the southern Chinese Altay shows the high level of confidence for the precipitation reconstruction for the northwestern Chinese Altay. Precipitation variation of the northwestern Chinese Altay is positively correlated with sea surface temperatures in tropical oceans, suggesting a possible linkage of the precipitation variation of the northwestern Chinese Altay to the El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) and the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO). The synoptic climatology analysis reveals that there is the relationship between anomalous atmospheric circulation and extreme climate events in the northwestern Chinese Altay.

  3. Catalonia and Spain at the crossroads: financial and economic aspects

    OpenAIRE

    Castells, Antoni (Castells Oliveres)

    2014-01-01

    In some large European countries, in recent decades, economic globalization has gone hand in hand with a powerful trend to political decentralization (this has been the case in the United Kingdom, France, Italy, and Spain). In Spain, and after years of apparent stability, the relations between Catalonia and Spain are experiencing troubled times. This paper examines particularly the main economic effects of both the staying together and the secession scenarios. Following the introduction, the ...

  4. What's Going On? An Overview of Adult Education Policies in Spain

    Science.gov (United States)

    Lucio-Villegas, Emilio

    2012-01-01

    In this paper, I attempt to present the state of adult education in Spain. Adult education in Spain is not unlike that of other countries in Europe in that it focuses on the policies and practices of lifelong learning rather than on the perspectives of people and communities. However, Spain has two specific characteristics that are distinctive…

  5. A presença do Novo Mundo na iconografia da morte e dos sonhos de São Francisco Xavier: a missão jesuítica e as partes e gentes do Império Português

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Luís Filipe Silvério Lima

    2014-08-01

    Full Text Available A proposta deste artigo é analisar diferentes leituras pictóricas da morte e dos sonhos de S. Francisco Xavier, desde inícios do século XVII até a parte da pesquisa em relação à morte deriva de monografia defendida em 2010 na Unifesp. Versões da parte sobre o sonho foram apresentadas em congressos em 2010 e uma prévia bastante resumida foi publicada na Revista de História da Biblioteca Nacional (n. 93, Junho de 2013. Gostaríamos de agradecer às contribuições feitas naquelas ocasiões pela audiência e pela banca, bem como também agradecemos a André Tavares, Evergton Sales Souza, Renato Cymbalista e aos pareceristas. A pesquisa contou com o apoio do CNPq e da Fapesp. meados do século XVIII. Se o jesuíta, mesmo antes de sua canonização em 1622 era entendido como Apóstolo do Oriente, a partir da segunda metade do século XVII, ocorreu uma mudança iconográfica pela qual aos personagens e elementos asiáticos somaram-se africanos e índios americanos na representação da cena de sua morte e de seus sonhos. Pretende-se a partir desse câmbio imagético analisar a construção de um programa visual da hagiografia de Xavier, no qual a vinculação exclusiva com o Oriente é suplantada pelos esforços em caracterizá-lo como exemplo máximo para a Missão, aplicável também - e sobretudo - às Américas. Interessam aqui em particular essas modulações no caso do Brasil e do Império Português.

  6. The Basque farmhouses of Zelaa and Maiz Goena : New dendrochronology-based findings about the evolution of the built heritage in the northern Iberian Peninsula

    NARCIS (Netherlands)

    Susperregi, J.; Telleria, I.; Urteaga, M.; Jansma, E.

    2017-01-01

    The Basque farmhouse, a characteristic building type for north-western Spain, is an architectural solution that allows the combined management of different rural activities. In addition to providing living quarters and a space for a cider press these farmhouses were designed to function as, among

  7. Advances and trends on earthquake-triggered landslide research in Spain

    OpenAIRE

    García Mayordomo, Julián; Rodríguez Peces, Martín Jesús; Azañón, J.M.; Insúa Arévalo, Juan Miguel

    2009-01-01

    This work reviews the current situation of earthquake‐triggered landslide studies in Spain both from the point of view of regional assessment and site‐specific cases. Regional assessments have been undertaken in areas of the Betic Cordillera (South and Southeast Spain): Alcoy Basin, Lorca Basin, Granada Basin and Sierra Nevada Range; and Central Pyrenees (North Spain and Andorra). Specific studies are very scarce, outstanding those related to the Güevéjar landslide (Granada) –triggered by 175...

  8. Environmental Assessment of the Buccaneer Oil Field in the Northwestern Gulf of Mexico 1978-1979

    Data.gov (United States)

    National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Department of Commerce — This data set contains analytical data from samples acquired from the Northwestern Gulf of Mexico area under contract to the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA)...

  9. Spain: From massive immigration to vast emigration?

    OpenAIRE

    Izquierdo, Mario; Jimeno, Juan F.; Lacuesta, Aitor

    2016-01-01

    Large immigration flows during the 1995-2007 period increased the weight of foreigners living in Spain to 12 % of the total population. The rapid increase in unemployment associated with the Great Recession and the subsequent European debt crisis, substantially changed migration flows, so that, from the beginning of the 2010s, Spain experienced positive net outflows. In this paper, we take on three tasks. First, we show that sensitivity of migration flows to unemployment is similar between Sp...

  10. Zonal management of arsenic contaminated ground water in Northwestern Bangladesh.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Hill, Jason; Hossain, Faisal; Bagtzoglou, Amvrossios C

    2009-09-01

    This paper used ordinary kriging to spatially map arsenic contamination in shallow aquifers of Northwestern Bangladesh (total area approximately 35,000 km(2)). The Northwestern region was selected because it represents a relatively safer source of large-scale and affordable water supply for the rest of Bangladesh currently faced with extensive arsenic contamination in drinking water (such as the Southern regions). Hence, the work appropriately explored sustainability issues by building upon a previously published study (Hossain et al., 2007; Water Resources Management, vol. 21: 1245-1261) where a more general nation-wide assessment afforded by kriging was identified. The arsenic database for reference comprised the nation-wide survey (of 3534 drinking wells) completed in 1999 by the British Geological Survey (BGS) in collaboration with the Department of Public Health Engineering (DPHE) of Bangladesh. Randomly sampled networks of zones from this reference database were used to develop an empirical variogram and develop maps of zonal arsenic concentration for the Northwestern region. The remaining non-sampled zones from the reference database were used to assess the accuracy of the kriged maps. Two additional criteria were explored: (1) the ability of geostatistical interpolators such as kriging to extrapolate information on spatial structure of arsenic contamination beyond small-scale exploratory domains; (2) the impact of a priori knowledge of anisotropic variability on the effectiveness of geostatistically based management. On the average, the kriging method was found to have a 90% probability of successful prediction of safe zones according to the WHO safe limit of 10ppb while for the Bangladesh safe limit of 50ppb, the safe zone prediction probability was 97%. Compared to the previous study by Hossain et al. (2007) over the rest of the contaminated country side, the probability of successful detection of safe zones in the Northwest is observed to be about 25

  11. CRED Gridded Bathymetry of French Frigate Shoals (100-019) in the Northwestern Hawaiian Islands

    Data.gov (United States)

    National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Department of Commerce — File 100-019b is a 60-m ASCII grid of depth data collected near French Frigate Shoals in the Northwestern Hawaiian Islands as of May 2003. This grid has been...

  12. CRED Gridded Bathymetry of East Gardner Pinnacles (100-016) in the Northwestern Hawaiian Islands

    Data.gov (United States)

    National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Department of Commerce — File 100-016b is a 60-m ASCII grid of depth data collected near E Gardner Pinnacles in the Northwestern Hawaiian Islands as of May 2003. This grid has been produced...

  13. CRED Gridded Bathymetry of Northeast Gardner Pinnacles (100-013) in the Northwestern Hawaiian Islands

    Data.gov (United States)

    National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Department of Commerce — File 100-013b is a 60-m ASCII grid of depth data collected near NE Gardner Pinnacles in the Northwestern Hawaiian Islands as of May 2003. This grid has been produced...

  14. CRED Gridded Bathymetry of East Necker Seamount (100-023) in the Northwestern Hawaiian Islands

    Data.gov (United States)

    National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Department of Commerce — File 100-023b is a 60-m ASCII grid of depth data collected near E. Necker Seamount in the Northwestern Hawaiian Islands as of May 2003. This grid has been produced...

  15. CRED Gridded Bathymetry of Southwest Gardner Pinnacles (100-012) in the Northwestern Hawaiian Islands

    Data.gov (United States)

    National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Department of Commerce — File 100-012b is a 60-m ASCII grid of depth data collected near SW Gardner Pinnacles in the Northwestern Hawaiian Islands as of May 2003. This grid has been produced...

  16. CRED Gridded Bathymetry near Lisianski Island and Pioneer Bank (100-002), Northwestern Hawaiian Islands

    Data.gov (United States)

    National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Department of Commerce — File 100-002b is a 60-m ASCII grid of depth data collected near Lisianski Island and Pioneer Bank in the Northwestern Hawaiian Islands as of May 2003. This grid has...

  17. Red Beads and Love Magic. Cross-Cultural Exchanges Between Spain and new Spain in Modern Era

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Carla Andreia Martins Torres

    2018-01-01

    Full Text Available This paper is about the significance of particular red beads used in love magic during the 17th and 18th centuries, specifically on the construction of symbolic universe through perceptions based on «others» materiality. It aims to provide a connected studied between Spain and New Spain through the histories of the gipsy Generosa Vicente and mestiza Margarita Palacios recovered from the Inquisition authorities notes. This is the way to understand the extent to which cross-cultural contacts privilege the transmission of ideas associated with objects, and how they were used apparently with similar purposes but with a very different meaning.

  18. Synchrony in the snowshoe hare cycle in Northwestern North America, 1970-2012

    Science.gov (United States)

    C.J. Krebs; K. Kielland; J.P Bryant; M. O' Donoghue; F. Doyle; C. McIntyre; D. DiFolco; N. Berg; S. Carriere; R. Boonstra; S. Boutin; A. J. Kenney; D. G. Reid; K. Bodony; J. Putera; H. K. Timm; T. Burke.

    2013-01-01

    Snowshoe hares (Lepus americanus Erxleben, 1777) fluctuate in 9–10 year cycles throughout much of their North American range. Regional synchrony has been assumed to be the rule for these cycles, so that hare populations in virtually all of northwestern North America have been assumed to be in phase. We gathered qualitative and quantitative data on...

  19. The Eel River, northwestern California; high sediment yields from a dynamic landscape

    Science.gov (United States)

    Thomas E. Lisle

    1990-01-01

    The Eel River draining the Coast Range of northwestern California has the highest recorded average suspended sediment yield per drainage area of any river of its size or larger unaffected by volcanic eruptions or active glaciers in the conterminous United States (1,720 t/km 2 yr from 9,390 km 2 ; Brown and Ritter, 1971).

  20. Septímio Severo e a Consecratio de Pertinax: rituais de morte e poder Septimius Severus and the Pertinaces' Consecratio: death and power rithuals

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Ana Teresa Marques Gonçalves

    2007-01-01

    Full Text Available Nosso objetivo neste artigo é analisar a cerimônia de deificação do Imperador Pertinax, que ocorreu após a sua morte, como definia a tradição romana, e foi promovida pelo seu sucessor, o Imperador Lúcio Septímio Severo. Esta cerimônia encontra-se descrita com riqueza de detalhes na obra de Dion Cássio, intitulada História Romana.Our aim is analyze the Emperor Pertinaces' deification cerimony, which occurred after his death, as defined by the Roman tradition, promoted by his successor, the Emperor Lucius Septimius Severus. That ceremony is described in detail in Dio Cassius' work, Roman History.

  1. Deformation of the Northwestern Okhotsk Plate: How is it happening?

    OpenAIRE

    Hindle, D.; Fujita, K.; Mackey, K.

    2009-01-01

    The Eurasia (EU) – North America (NA) plate boundary zone across Northeast Asia still presents many open questions within the plate tectonic paradigm. Constraining the geometry and number of plates or microplates present in the plate boundary zone is especially difficult because of the location of the EU-NA euler pole close to or even upon the EU-NA boundary. One of the major challenges remains the geometry of the Okhotsk plate (OK). whose northwestern portion terminates on ...

  2. Thermal solar energy in Spain. State of the art and objectives

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Glenn, Jaouen

    2006-01-01

    According the Kyoto protocol, Spain has to reduce its CO 2 emissions at 330 millions of tons (a decrease of 18 % from the level of 2003). From the european commission policy, the energy resources will be of 12 % of renewable energies. In this context, Spain developed an energy policy in favor of the solar energy. This document provides information on: the energy market in Spain, the thermal solar energy operating, the CO 2 emissions, the state of the art in the domain in spain, the 2010 objectives, the programs and the assistance, some data on the solar market in comparison with the Europe. (A.L.B.)

  3. Miedo a la muerte y su relación con la inteligencia emocional de estudiantes de enfermería de Concepción Medo da morte e sua relação com a inteligência emocional de estudantes de enfermagem de Concepción Fear of death and its relationship with emotional intelligence of nursing students in Concepción

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Maritza Espinoza V.

    2012-01-01

    Full Text Available OBJETIVO: Conocer el miedo a la muerte y su relación con la inteligencia emocional y otras variables en estudiantes de enfermería de los últimos años de estudio. MÉTODOS: Estudio descriptivo y correlacional. Los estudiantes (n=188 respondieron a un cuestionario sobre: características socioculturales; Escalas de Miedo a la Muerte y de Inteligencia Emocional. RESULTADOS: Se obtuvo un promedio medio-alto en miedo a la muerte (3,35. La percepción emocional se correlacionó positivamente con miedo a la muerte, mientras que la comprensión y la regulación emocional se correlacionaron negativamente con el miedo a la muerte. Las puntuaciones más altas de miedo a la muerte se asociaron con el sexo femenino, con los niveles inferiores de los cursos y con la percepción de menor preparación académica en el tema. CONCLUSIONES: Los niveles altos de inteligencia emocional, se asociaron con menos miedo a la muerte, lo que evidencia la necesidad de desarrollar en los estudiantes habilidades emocionales frente a situaciones trascendentales y desconocidas, como son la muerte y el proceso de morir.OBJETIVO: Conhecer o medo da morte e sua relação com a inteligência emocional e outras variáveis em estudantes de enfermagem dos últimos anos de estudo. MÉTODOS: Estudo descritivo e correlacional. Os estudantes (n=188 responderam a um questionário sobre: características socioculturais; Escalas de Medo da Morte e de Inteligência Emocional. RESULTADOS: Obteve-se uma medida de médio para alto em medo da morte (x=3,35 e também o componente percepção emocional se correlacionou positivamente com o medo da morte, enquanto a compreensão e regulação emocional se correlacionaram negativamente com o medo da morte. As pontuações mais altas de medo da morte associaram-se com o gênero feminino, com os niveis inferiores dos cursos e com a percepção de menor preparo acadêmico no tema. CONCLUSÕES: Os níveis altos de inteligência emocional, associaram

  4. Exploring spatial-temporal dynamics of fire regime features in mainland Spain

    Science.gov (United States)

    Jiménez-Ruano, Adrián; Rodrigues Mimbrero, Marcos; de la Riva Fernández, Juan

    2017-10-01

    This paper explores spatial-temporal dynamics in fire regime features, such as fire frequency, burnt area, large fires and natural- and human-caused fires, as an essential part of fire regime characterization. Changes in fire features are analysed at different spatial - regional and provincial/NUTS3 - levels, together with summer and winter temporal scales, using historical fire data from Spain for the period 1974-2013. Temporal shifts in fire features are investigated by means of change point detection procedures - Pettitt test, AMOC (at most one change), PELT (pruned exact linear time) and BinSeg (binary segmentation) - at a regional level to identify changes in the time series of the features. A trend analysis was conducted using the Mann-Kendall and Sen's slope tests at both the regional and NUTS3 level. Finally, we applied a principal component analysis (PCA) and varimax rotation to trend outputs - mainly Sen's slope values - to summarize overall temporal behaviour and to explore potential links in the evolution of fire features. Our results suggest that most fire features show remarkable shifts between the late 1980s and the first half of the 1990s. Mann-Kendall outputs revealed negative trends in the Mediterranean region. Results from Sen's slope suggest high spatial and intra-annual variability across the study area. Fire activity related to human sources seems to be experiencing an overall decrease in the northwestern provinces, particularly pronounced during summer. Similarly, the Hinterland and the Mediterranean coast are gradually becoming less fire affected. Finally, PCA enabled trends to be synthesized into four main components: winter fire frequency (PC1), summer burnt area (PC2), large fires (PC3) and natural fires (PC4).

  5. First record of a digenean from invasive lionfish, Pterois cf. volitans, (Scorpaeniformes: Scorpaenidae) in the northwestern Atlantic Ocean.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Bullard, S A; Barse, A M; Curran, S S; Morris, J A

    2011-10-01

    Adults of Lecithochirium floridense (Digenea: Hemiuridae) parasitized the stomach in each of 22 necropsied lionfish, Pterois cf. volitans (Scorpaeniformes: Scorpaenidae) (prevalence  =  100%, mean intensity  =  11), captured in the northwestern Atlantic Ocean off Beaufort, North Carolina (34°14.83'N, 76°35.25'W). This is the first report of a digenean from the invasive lionfish and that of L. floridense from a species of Pterois. The leech specimen previously identified as Myzobdella lugubris from P. volitans in the northwestern Atlantic Ocean is re-identified as Trachelobdella lubrica based on a study of the original voucher specimen.

  6. CRED Gridded Bathymetry of Northwest Gardner Pinnacles (100-011) in the Northwestern Hawaiian Islands

    Data.gov (United States)

    National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Department of Commerce — File 100-011b is a 60-m ASCII grid of depth data collected near Kure Atoll in the Northwestern Hawaiian Islands as of May 2003. This grid has been produced as part...

  7. CRED Gridded Bathymetry of Southeast Maro Reef (100-010) in the Northwestern Hawaiian Islands

    Data.gov (United States)

    National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Department of Commerce — File 100-010b is a 60-m ASCII grid of depth data collected near SE Maro Reef in the Northwestern Hawaiian Islands as of May 2003. This grid has been produced as part...

  8. O cinema do futuro: Entre novas e tradicionais tecnologias, entre a morte e a reinvenção

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Julio Bezerra

    2010-03-01

    Full Text Available O cinema não é mais a experiência audiovisual matriz em nossa “sociedade das imagens”. Essa enorme rede heterogênea que vai se constituindo no terreno da produção e circulação de imagens-sons tem nos mostrado que é preciso mudar a nossa percepção do lugar do cinema entre os demais dispositivos. O objetivo deste texto é pensar o cinema em suas relações com o que vem sendo chamado de novas mídias. Nossa posição se aproxima de certa maneira de Phillipe Dubois: afirmando o cinema como uma espécie de referência fundante para todo o audiovisual sem ressentimentos e/ou opiniões fechadas com relação às novas tecnologias. Neste caminho, passamos invariavelmente por algumas falsas questões, pela melancólica idéia da “morte do cinema”, pelo surgimento de uma novíssima cinefilia digital e rizomática, por um cinema contemporâneo pra lá de impuro.

  9. Water Markets in Spain: Performance and Challenges

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Sara Palomo-Hierro

    2015-02-01

    Full Text Available Law 46/1999 incorporated formal water markets into the Spanish legal and regulatory framework, allowing spot water markets and the creation of water banks. The implementation of water markets in Spain aimed at improving the efficiency of water use by reallocating water towards uses with higher added value. However, the performance of water markets in Spain has been rather disappointing, since they have been operative only during drought periods, and even under these extreme scarcity situations, trading activity counted for less than 5.0% of total water use. The narrowness of the market suggests that there are some barriers hampering their effective functioning. This paper examines the evolution and performance of water markets in Spain, relying on a transaction costs analysis framework. This analysis allows the identification of the main factors impeding water markets from operating effectively as a water reallocation tool. This analysis also provides some guidelines on how to overcome these obstacles and, thus, how to improve the efficiency of water use.

  10. Small hydro: Policy and potential in Spain

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Gutierrez, C.

    2001-01-01

    In Spain, the benefits of small-scale (less than 10 MW) hydro are apparently rarely appreciated and there is little support from European institutions. The article suggests that small hydro technology can make a significant contribution to the country's energy requirements and create employment, provided certain obstacles can be removed. Data on the number of small hydros in Spain, and of recent installations are given; the share of hydro in Spain's total energy production is 2.5%. The low environmental impact of hydro is extolled, and the conclusions of a recent study of 'environmental impacts of the production of electricity' are listed. There are said to be unreasonable administrative obstacles; for example, it is more difficult to obtain permission to refurbish a 100 kW hydro plant in Castilla y Leon than it is to install a 30,000 kW gas plant. Some details relating to the affect of hydro on aquatic ecosystems, noise levels, and water quality, are given

  11. 2005 Reson 8101ER Multibeam Sonar Data from Cruise AHI-05-08 - Northwestern Hawaiian Islands

    Data.gov (United States)

    National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Department of Commerce — Reson 8101ER multibeam Data were collected from 11-31 October 2006 aboard NOAA Survey Launch Acoustic Habitat Investigator (AHI) at at Maro Reef in the Northwestern...

  12. Investigating the reasons for Spain's falling birth rate.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Bosch, X

    1998-09-12

    On August 25, 1998, the Spanish National Institute of Statistics announced that Spain, which has had the most accelerated decrease in fecundity of all European countries during the last 25 years, had the lowest birth rate in Europe. Spain's average birth rate was 2.86 in 1970, 2.21 in 1980, and 1.21 in 1994. According to Eurostat, Spain's average birth rate in 1995 was 1.18, while the European Community's was 1.43. Although all the countries of the European Community have birth rates below 2.1, Spain's is 44% below this minimum rate needed to achieve generation replacement. In 1994 and 1997, in 5 northern communities, including the Basque country and Galicia, the birth rate was less than 1.0. The lowest birth rate (0.76 in 1997) was in the northern region of Asturias. Although southern autonomous regions have higher birth rates (between 1.21 and 1.44 for 1997) than northern ones, these are also decreasing (from 3.36 in 1970 to 1.29 in 1997 in Andalusia). Credit for the rapid decrease is given to improved quality of life and education, increased contraceptive usage, and social change. Employment of women has increased, and unemployed sons are remaining at home for longer periods. The most important reasons are 1) the increased number of single people and 2) the increased average age of women having their first child. The latter increase began in 1988. Most Spanish women now have their first child between the ages of 30 and 39 years. The average age was 28 years in 1975; in 1995, it was 30 years. Women from the northern autonomous regions have the highest average age at first birth (Basque women, 31.2 years in 1995). The pattern of fecundity in Spain is different from other countries in Europe. In Spain, the decrease started in the late 1960s and early 1970s. Until the 1980s, Spain had one of the highest birth rates in Europe. This was followed by a decrease in the 1990s. However, in 1997, there were 3000 more births than in 1996. The National Institute of Demography

  13. Environmental performance reviews: Spain

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    NONE

    2004-10-01

    The second OECD Review of Spain's environmental performance reviews Spain's progress in the context of OECD environmental strategy for the first decade of the 21st century in relation to its own policy objectives. It praises a number of achievements such as in commitments to climate change policies and developments of cogeneration and renewable energy sources. Although emissions of sulphur dioxide from the energy sector have fallen since 1990 they are still high when measured per capita and per unit of GDP. The OECD recommends further control of emissions of SOx, NOx, VOCs and NH{sub 3}. Subsidies such as compulsory purchase of domestic coal by electricity producers are set to increase. The report recommends the phasing out of environmental subsidies (which has begun) and making use of economic instruments to encourage efficient resource management and reduction of pollutants. Greenhouse gas emissions increased by 38% between 1990 and 2002 and the outlook for the next few years is pessimistic. 39 figs., 31 tabs.

  14. Impacts of Potential Oak Forest Change on Breeding Birds in Northwestern Arkansas

    Science.gov (United States)

    Douglas A. James

    2004-01-01

    Birds found on existing census routes in the Ozark region of northwestern Arkansas were used to predict avifaunal changes that could occur in the area due to oak-hickory forest degradation caused by red oak borer beetle infestations. The two census routes used passed through high elevation forests where red oaks thrive the best. Analysis showed that 21 bird species...

  15. Information transfer in the agricultural sector in Spain

    OpenAIRE

    Munoz-Canavate, Antonio; Hipola, Pedro

    2010-01-01

    This paper examines the structures of information transfer to the agricultural (production) and agro-alimentary (transformation and commercialization of the products) sector within Spain. A historical perspective is provided to better illustrate the reality and complexity of Spain with regard to the systems of agrarian extension, agricultural research, resources provided by Spain’s central administration, and the use of information by related enterprises. The Service of Agrarian Extens...

  16. Fertile lithospheric mantle beneath the northwestern North China and its implication for the subduction of the Paleo-Asian Ocean

    Science.gov (United States)

    Dai, H. K.; Zheng, J.; Su, Y. P.; Xiong, Q.; Pan, S. K.

    2017-12-01

    The nature of the sub-continental lithospheric mantle (SCLM) beneath the western North China Craton (NCC) is poorly known, which hinders understanding the cratonic response to the southward subduction of the Paleo-Asian Ocean. Mineral chemical data of spinel lherzolite xenoliths from newly discovered Cenozoic Langshan basalts in the northwestern part of the craton have been integrated with data from other localities across the western NCC, to put constrains on the SCLM nature and to explore the reworking processes involved. Compositions of mineral cores (i.e., Mg# in olivine = 88 91) and P-T estimates ( 1.2 GPa, 950 oC) suggest the Langshan xenoliths/xenocrysts represent fragments of the uppermost SCLM and experienced ancient continental crust, and 2) the sharp decrease in lithospheric thickness from the inner part to the northern margin of the western NCC, the SCLM beneath the northwestern part should have been strongly rejuvenated or replaced by fertile and non-cratonic mantle. Combined with other geological evidence on the northwestern margin, the mantle replacement and metasomatism were likely triggered by southward subduction of the Paleo-Asian Ocean.

  17. [Tuberculosis and immigration in Spain: scoping review].

    Science.gov (United States)

    Casals, Martí; Rodrigo, Teresa; Camprubí, Esteve; Orcau, Angels; Caylà, Joan A

    2014-01-01

    Immigration is a fairly recent phenomenon in Spain and there are still few scientific publications on tuberculosis (TB) and immigration. Therefore, the aim of this study is to describe the differential characteristics of TB in the immigrant population with respect to natives in Spain. Literature review of original articles written in Spanish or English and published 1998-2012 about TB among immigrant population. The articles with the key words "Tuberculosis", "immigrants" and "Spain" were included. Literature search was performed in Medline and MEDES. A total of 72,087 articles on TB were detected worldwide, 6% of them dealt with the immigration issue. Regarding Spain we found 2,917 articles representing 4% of the papers published worldwide, and in 219 (7.5%) immigration was considered. Of the 219 articles, 48% were published in Spanish journals and the 52% remaining in Anglo-Saxon journals. 93.5% of immigrants with TB were younger than 51, whereas this percentage was 64.9% in natives. Drug resistance can be seen in 7.8% of the immigrant population but in only 3.8% of natives. It was also detected that the unavailability of a health card could be a problem. Immigrants with TB were characterized by being younger and having more drug resistance and coming mostly from Latin America, Eastern Europe, Africa and Asia. It was also detected that the unavailability of a health card could be a problem.

  18. A View of Rural Schooling through the Eyes of Former Students

    Science.gov (United States)

    Pazos, Mercedes Suarez; DePalma, Renee; Membiela, Pedro

    2012-01-01

    Teachers who attended unitary rural schools in northwestern Spain were asked to relate their early school experiences in the form of a personal reflective and analytical narrative. Our analysis of these narratives revealed some strikingly difficult conditions; nevertheless, students tended to relate these hardships with a strong sense of…

  19. Learning a Minoritized Language in a Majority Language Context: Student Agency and the Creation of Micro-Immersion Contexts

    Science.gov (United States)

    DePalma, Renée

    2015-01-01

    This study investigates the self-reported experiences of students participating in a Galician language and culture course. Galician, a language historically spoken in northwestern Spain, has been losing ground with respect to Spanish, particularly in urban areas and among the younger generations. The research specifically focuses on informal…

  20. The first radiocarbon data of bone remains of mammoth faunal forms in northwestern Russia

    NARCIS (Netherlands)

    Nikonov, A. A.; Van der Plicht, J.; Kotlyakov, V.M.

    Unlike in the neighboring territories, the distribution and the period of habitation of late Pleistocene mammoth complex animals in the northwestern area of Russia had not been studied until recently. This article fills in this gap using the bone material from the Zoological Institute of the Russian

  1. Popular and formal Islam, and supralocal relations : the Highlands of Northwestern Tunisia, 1800-1970

    NARCIS (Netherlands)

    Binsbergen, W.M.J.

    1979-01-01

    The present paper explores the interplay between local popular Islam and the repeated introduction of formal Islam in Khrumiria, North-western Tunisia, against the background of its social and political structure and the radical changes the latter underwent in the colonial and post-colonial era. The

  2. Confiabilidade da declaração de causa básica de mortes infantis em região metropolitana do sudeste do Brasil

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Mendonça Elisabeth F.

    1994-01-01

    Full Text Available A partir de dados coletados para um estudo sobre a mortalidade infantil na região metropolitana de Belo Horizonte, MG, Brasil, foi selecionada uma amostra aleatória de óbitos infantis ocorridos em 1989, para avaliar a concordância da causa básica de morte registrada na declaração de óbito e a obtida após revisão detalhada do prontuário hospitalar da criança. Verificou-se que 11,7% dos óbitos neonatais não tiveram a causa básica registrada no atestado, confirmada pela investigação nos prontuários médicos (kappa = 0,61, o mesmo ocorrendo em 44,0% dos pós-neonatais (kappa = 0,47. Esta maior discordância no grupo pós-neonatal provavelmente se deveu a maior dificuldade de definição das causas contribuintes e da causa básica dos óbitos por diarréias, pneumonias e desnutrição, principais causas de mortalidade nesse grupo. Em relação aos óbitos por desnutrição e diarréia, observou-se associação entre ambas em 76,9% das vezes em que a diarréia foi selecionada como causa básica, mostrando que essas patologias podem ser destacadas como um mesmo grupamento em saúde pública. As discordâcias encontradas demonstram que os médicos ainda dão pouca importância ao seu papel como agentes geradores de informação de saúde. Os dados da declaração de óbito fornecem indicação razoável das principais causas de mortes infantis, principalmente quando se considera o grupamento diarréia-pneumonia-desnutrição, composto de patologias evitáveis e ainda de grande relevância como causa de mortalidade infantil na região.

  3. Migratory circularity between Ecuador and Spain. Educational transformation and mobility strategies

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Cristina Vega Solís

    2016-06-01

    Full Text Available The migration pattern between Ecuador and Spain has undergone changes since the start of the 2008 crisis. A slowdown in inflows to Spain and increasing Ecuadorian returnees, today add the Spanish skilled migration to this country in entering higher education as well as the exit of young Ecuadorians to acquire fourth level´s degree in Spain, or Europe in general. The context of crisis and unemployment in education in Spain and education reform policies being carried out in Ecuador is articulated in shaping this circularity between the two countries. Through a quantitative and qualitative multi-situated methodology based on a poll and in-depth interviews, this paper estimates the volume of these displacements and explores the motivations, conditions and strategies that are influencing.

  4. Different Patterns in Health Care Use Among Immigrants in Spain.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Villarroel, Nazmy; Artazcoz, Lucía

    2016-04-01

    This study aims to analyze the differences in the use of primary care (PC), hospital, and emergency services between people born in Spain and immigrants. Data were obtained from the 2006 Spanish National Health Survey. The sample was composed of individuals aged 16-64 years from Spain and the seven countries with most immigrants in Spain (n = 22,224). Hierarchical multiple logistic regression models were fitted. Romanian men were less likely to use health care at all levels compared to men from other countries. Women from Argentina, Bolivia and Ecuador reported a lower use of PC. Among women, there were no differences in emergency visits or hospitalizations between countries. Bolivian men reported more hospitalizations than Spanish men, whereas Argentinean men reported more emergency visits than their Spanish counterparts. In Spain, most immigrants made less than, or about the same use of health care services as the native Spanish population.

  5. A possible bedrock source for obsidian found in archeological sites in northwestern alaska.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Patton, W W; Miller, T P

    1970-08-21

    Recently discovered deposits of obsidian in the Koyukuk valley may be the long-sought-for source of obsidian found in archeological sites in northwestern Alaska. Obsidian from these deposits compares favorably in physical characteristics and sodium-manganese ratio with the archeological obsidian, and there is evidence that the deposits have been "mined" in the past.

  6. Oligocene terrestrial strata of northwestern Ethiopia : a preliminary report on paleoenvironments and paleontology

    Science.gov (United States)

    Bonnie F. Jacobs; Neil Tabor; Mulugeta Feseha; Aaron Pan; John Kappelman; Tab Rasmussen; William Sanders; Michael Wiemann; Jeff Crabaugh; Juan Leandro Garcia Massini

    2005-01-01

    The Paleogene record of Afro-Arabia is represented by few fossil localities, most of which are coastal. Here we report sedimentological and paleontological data from continental Oligocene strata in northwestern Ethiopia. These have produced abundant plant fossils and unique assemblages of vertebrates, thus filling a gap in what is known of Paleogene interior Afro-...

  7. Deregulation and restructuring of the electricity sector in Spain

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Francia, L.

    2000-01-01

    This economic analysis of the Electric Power industry and market in Spain shows how the electricity deregulation and liberalization in Spain have given rise to an electricity industry which not only complies in spirit and letter with the E.U. Directive on the internal energy market, but which in fact goes much further. (A.L.B.)

  8. Biochar-based bioenergy and its environmental impact in Northwestern Ontario Canada:A review

    Institute of Scientific and Technical Information of China (English)

    Krish Homagain; Chander Shahi; Nancy Luckai; Mahadev Sharma

    2014-01-01

    Biochar is normally produced as a by-product of bioenergy. However, if biochar is produced as a co-product with bioenergy from sustainably managed forests and used for soil amendment, it could pro-vide a carbon neutral or even carbon negative solution for current envi-ronmental degradation problems. In this paper, we present a comprehen-sive review of biochar production as a co-product of bioenergy and its implications. We focus on biochar production with reference to biomass availability and sustainability and on biochar utilization for its soil amendment and greenhouse gas emissions reduction properties. Past studies confirm that northwestern Ontario has a sustainable and sufficient supply of biomass feedstock that can be used to produce bioenergy, with biochar as a co-product that can replace fossil fuel consumption, increase soil productivity and sequester carbon in the long run. For the next step, we recommend that comprehensive life cycle assessment of bio-char-based bioenergy production, from raw material collection to biochar application, with an extensive economic assessment is necessary for making this technology commercially viable in northwestern Ontario.

  9. [Epidemiology of type 1 diabetes mellitus in children in Spain].

    Science.gov (United States)

    Conde Barreiro, S; Rodríguez Rigual, M; Bueno Lozano, G; López Siguero, J P; González Pelegrín, B; Rodrigo Val, M P; Compés Dea, M L

    2014-09-01

    Epidemiological studies in many regions and countries have contributed to determining the epidemiology of type 1 diabetes (T1DM) in children less than 15 years old. Studies in many regions of Spain have been published, but the national incidence is not really known. A review was made of the publications on the epidemiology of T1DM in Spain, selecting the references on patients less than 15 years old. Many epidemiological studies on T1DM in almost all regions in Spain have been published. The methodology of these studies is heterogeneous, with variations in geographical definition, duration, period of study, limit of age, and data collection. The incidence rates are variable, from 11.5 cases per 100,000/year in Asturias to 27.6 in Castilla-La Mancha. Some studies report the percentage of diabetic ketoacidosis at the time of diagnosis, which is usually in the range of 25-40%. Although there have been various epidemiological studies on T1DM in almost all regions in Spain, the methodology is heterogeneous. The mean incidence of T1DM in children less than 15 years old in Spain, stimated from the selected studies is 17,69 cases per 100,000/year. T1DM registers need to be created and updated, using standardized methodology, to get more reliable data of the epidemiology of T1DM in Spain in the near future. Copyright © 2013 Asociación Española de Pediatría. Published by Elsevier Espana. All rights reserved.

  10. Neutron activation analysis in reconnaissance geochemical survey of Northwestern Mindoro

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Santos, G. Jr.; Fernandez, L.G.

    1987-01-01

    Instrumental neutron activation analysis (NAA) technique was used to analyze stream sediments collected in Northwestern Mindoro. The concentration levels of 18 elements were determined. It was noted that NAA is suitable for the determination of rare earth, gold, arsenic and cobalt among others because of favorable high neutron cross sections. Samples collected in regional reconnaissance geochemical surveys could be analyzed usng NAA technique to complement other non-nuclear techniques, such as atomic absorption and X-ray fluorescence analysis. (Author). 11 figs.; 2 tabs.; 12 refs

  11. Q and A. The future of nuclear energy in Spain

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Kraev, Kamen [NucNet, The Independent Global Nuclear News Agency, Brussels (Belgium)

    2017-11-15

    Nuclear is the primary source of electricity in Spain. Wind is second. In the first quarter of 2017 nuclear's contribution was 25 %, but by the end of the year it will even out to more or less the same level of 2016. Nuclear is still very important for Spain's energy mix. The question is, what will happen with nuclear in the near future? NucNet spoke to Ignacio Araluce, president of Spanish industry group Foro Nuclear, about energy policy, plant shut-downs and how Spain's nuclear industry is successfully diversifying overseas.

  12. Links between the Philippines and Spain: migration and bilateral relations

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Rogelia Pe-Pua

    2005-01-01

    Full Text Available This paper analyses the implications which Spanish policy regarding foreign workers has on the living and working conditions of the Filipino community in Spain. The author pays special attention to bilateral relations between the Philippines and Spain in issues suchas Spanish investment in the Philippines, the trade balance between the two countries and labour relations. In conclusion the article considers the necessity of reaching a bilateral labour agreement which would be beneficial to both countries and which at the same time would improve the working conditions and the integration of Philippine nationals living in Spain.

  13. The State of the Art of Group Psychotherapy in Spain.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Martinez-Taboada, Cristina; Amutio, Alberto; Elgorriaga, Edurne; Arnoso, Ainara

    2015-10-01

    (1) What is the history and the theoretical orientation of group therapy in Spain? (2) How is training organized? (3) What role does group psychotherapy play in the health system in Spain? (4) What is the relationship between group psychotherapy research and clinical practice in Spain? (5) What topics can be identified as unique to therapy groups in Spain? (6) How are group-related issues important within the social background of Spain? and (7) What does group work hold for the future? Although not even a century has passed since the birth of this discipline, there have already been many events associated with the management of power and knowledge, the development of a sense of community, and the evolution of the political and social life of our country. Group therapy training is still evolving and is properly supported and accredited by prestigious institutions. In the 2013 Symposium of the Spanish Society of Group Psychotherapy and Group Techniques (SEPTG), the need for joint group theories and techniques within the profession's activities was clearly highlighted. Further, the enthusiasm of group psychotherapists to open themselves to specific social perspectives (health, education, community prevention, organizations) is a way of encouraging society to untangle conscious and unconscious knots that are created in social interaction.

  14. Patents, antibiotics, and autarky in Spain.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Romero De Pablos, Ana

    2014-01-01

    Patents on antibiotics were introduced in Spain in 1949. Preliminary research reveals diversification in the types of antibiotics: patents relating to penicillin were followed by those relating to streptomycin, erythromycin and tetracycline. There was also diversification in the firms that applied for patents: while Merck & Co. Incorporated and Schenley Industries Inc. were the main partners with Spanish antibiotics manufacturers in the late 1940s, this industrial space also included many others, such as Eli Lilly & Company, Abbott Laboratories, Chas. Pfizer & Co. Incorporated, and American Cyanamid Company in the mid-1970s. The introduction of these drugs in Spain adds new elements to a re-evaluation of the autarkic politics of the early years of the Franco dictatorship.

  15. Restoring dry and moist forests of the inland northwestern United States [Chapter 23

    Science.gov (United States)

    Theresa B. Jain; Russell T. Graham

    2015-01-01

    The complex topography of the Inland Northwestern United States (58.4 million ha) interacts with soils and a highly variable climate to provide a mosaic of dry and moist mixed conifer forest settings. Approximately 20% of the area is covered by dry forests dominated by Pinus ponderosa, Pseudotsuga menziesii and contains a diversity of lower vegetation ranging from a...

  16. Exendin-4 na prevenção de danos teciduais decorrentes da morte encefálica e no controle bioenergético da célula β pancreática

    OpenAIRE

    Rodrigo Maron Carlessi

    2015-01-01

    A reposição de ilhotas pancreáticas é uma forma eficaz de se restabelecer a homeostase glicêmica em pacientes com diabetes mellitus tipo 1 com controle metabólico instável (“DM1 lábil”). Entretanto, ao longo do processo de isolamento, a partir do pâncreas do doador em morte encefálica (ME) e posterior enxerto no receptor, perdas importantes, tanto no número quanto na qualidade das ilhotas, limitam a eficácia do procedimento de transplante. Frequentemente, transplantes sequenciais de dois ou a...

  17. Spent fuel management in Spain

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Gonzalez, J.L.

    2002-01-01

    The spent fuel management strategy in Spain is presented. The strategy includes temporary solutions and plans for final disposal. The need for R and D including partitioning and transmutation, as well as the financial constraints are also addressed. (author)

  18. 48 CFR 252.229-7004 - Status of contractors as a direct contractor (Spain).

    Science.gov (United States)

    2010-10-01

    ... direct contractor (Spain). 252.229-7004 Section 252.229-7004 Federal Acquisition Regulations System... contractor (Spain). As prescribed in 229.402-70(d), use the following clause: Status of Contractor as a Director Contractor (Spain) (JUN 1997) (a) “Direct Contractor,” as used in this clause, means an individual...

  19. CRED Gridded Bathymetry near Northampton Seamounts to West Laysan Island (100-005) Northwestern Hawaiian Islands

    Data.gov (United States)

    National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Department of Commerce — File 100-005b is a 60-m ASCII grid of depth data collected near Kure Atoll in the Northwestern Hawaiian Islands as of May 2003. This grid has been produced as part...

  20. CRED Gridded Bathymetry of West St. Rogatien Bank (100-017) in the Northwestern Hawaiian Islands

    Data.gov (United States)

    National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Department of Commerce — File 100-017b is a 60-m ASCII grid of depth data collected near Kure Atoll in the Northwestern Hawaiian Islands as of May 2003. This grid has been produced as part...

  1. International Uranium Resources Evaluation Project (IUREP) national favourability studies: Spain

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    1977-10-01

    Spain, with an area of 504 748 km''2, occupies a large part of the Iberian Peninsula. At present the country appears to have about 6300 t of reasonably assured uranium reserves and 8500 t of additional estimated reserves (all at less than $30/lb of U 3 O 8 ). Spain has devoted some $33 million to prospecting for uranium since the beginning of such work. Most of the reasonably assured reserves are located in ores impregnating Cambrian schists intersected by Hercynian granites (of so-called 'Iberian type'); a small amount, however, is found in veins in Hercynian granites of the Spanish Meseta. The additional estimated reserves are situated in the peripheral post-Hercynian continental basins of the Meseta. Apart from these classical ores, sub-ores have been identified in Silurian quartzites with low concentrations of uranium associated with refractory minerals, totalling more than 200,000 t of U (at concentrations of a few hundred ppm); there are likewise uranium-bearing Oligocene lignites in the Ebro Basin with some 140,000 t of U. These facts, and also the very wide distribution of uranium in space and time (from the Cambrian to the Miocene!) and the country's favourable geological characteristics, suggest that Spain ought in fact to have large reserves of uranium, a conclusion unfortunately belied by the paucity of the economic reserves identified so far. Two things must be borne in mind, however; firstly, Spain's financial outlay for uranium prospecting up till now represents only a quarter of what has been invested in France, for example, and, secondly, the nature of the mineralised bodies in Spain makes exploration difficult. In conclusion it seems that prospecting both of the Iberian-type deposits in the Meseta region and of the deposits associated with detrital sediments in the peripheral continental basins - especially blind mineralized bodies - should hold out excellent prospects for Spain. Consequently we propose that Spain should be placed at least in

  2. Crisis, suicide and labour productivity losses in Spain.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Rivera, Berta; Casal, Bruno; Currais, Luis

    2017-01-01

    Suicide became the first cause of death between the ages of 15 and 44 in Spain in the year 2013. Moreover, the suicide rate in Spain went up by more than 9 % with respect to the previous year. This increase could be related to the serious economic recession that Spain has been experiencing in recent years. In this sense, there is a lack of evidence to help assess to what extent these suicides have a social cost in terms of losses in human capital. Firstly, this article examines the relationship between the variables related to the economic cycle and the suicide rates in the 17 Spanish regions. Secondly, an estimate is made of the losses in labour productivity owing to these suicides. In this article, panel data models are used to consider different variables related to the economic cycle. Demographic variables and the suicide rates for regions across Spain from 2002 to 2013 also come into play. The present and future production costs owing to premature death from suicide are calculated using a human capital model. These costs are valued from the gross salary that an individual no longer receives in the future at the very moment he or she leaves the labour market. The results provide a strong indication that a decrease in economic growth and an increase in unemployment negatively affect suicide rates. Due to suicide, 38,038 potential years of working life were lost in 2013. This has an estimated cost of over 565 million euros. The economic crisis endured by Spain in recent years has played a role in the higher suicide rates one can observe from the data in official statistics. From a social perspective, suicide is a public health problem with far-reaching consequences.

  3. Legislating tolerance: Spain's national public smoking law.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Muggli, Monique E; Lockhart, Nikki J; Ebbert, Jon O; Jiménez-Ruiz, Carlos A; Riesco Miranda, Juan Antonio; Hurt, Richard D

    2010-02-01

    While Spain's national tobacco control legislation prohibits smoking in many indoor public places, the law provides for an exception to the prohibition of smoking by allowing separate seating sections and ventilation options in certain public places such as bars and restaurants, hotels and airports. Accordingly, Spain's law is not aligned with Article 8 Guidelines of the World Health Organization's Framework Convention on Tobacco Control, which requires parties to ensure universal protection against secondhand smoke exposure in all enclosed public places, workplaces and on all means of public transport. Spain's law is currently being promoted by the tobacco companies in other countries as a model for smoke-free legislation. In order to prevent weakening of smoke-free laws in other countries through industry-supported exceptions, we investigated the tactics used by the tobacco companies before the implementation of the new law and assessed the consequences of these actions in the hospitality sector. Internal tobacco industry documents made public through US litigation settlements dating back to the 1980s were searched in 2008-9. Documents show that tobacco companies sought to protect hospitality venues from smoking restrictions by promoting separate seating for smokers and ineffective ventilation technologies, supporting an unenforceable voluntary agreement between the Madrid local government and the hospitality industry, influencing ventilation standards setting and manipulating Spanish media. The Spanish National Assembly should adopt comprehensive smoke-free legislation that does not accommodate the interests of the tobacco industry. In doing so, Spain's smoke-free public places law would be better aligned with the Framework Convention on Tobacco Control.

  4. [Suicide in Spain today].

    Science.gov (United States)

    Ruiz-Pérez, Isabel; Olry de Labry-Lima, Antonio

    2006-03-01

    Spain presents one of the lowest suicide rates (8.7 per 100,000) but, as well as Ireland, it has also experienced one of the highest rate increases both within Europe and within the world. In our country, it can be observed an increase in the suicide rates from 1975 to 1994, being this increase greater in men than in women. It can also be noted that there was a stabilisation in the following years. Social factors, specially those which have to deal with gender roles and changes in these roles, are the most common explanations. Another possible explanation for the observed increase in mortality due to suicide among young men could be the AIDS epidemic and intravenous drug addiction, that was observed in Spain during the eighties and nineties. Furthermore, we are witnessing an epidemic related to violence against children and women. Literature strongly suggests that child abuse (psychological and sexual) is associated with increased suicide risk in adolescent or adult life. Women experience violence from their intimate partners and have a greater risk of suffering from chronic pain, diverse somatisations, greater substance use like drugs and alcohol, depression and suicide attempt. The association between work precariousness and suicide seems to be due to economic and social and family support factors, which can lead to greater vulnerability to mental health problems. These factors are of great relevance, since Spain presents one of the highest unemployment and temporary employment rates in the European Union. It seems reasonable that, due to the individualism that characterises the contemporary society, its demands and the new role of women in the work market that cause, among others, a greater difficulty in combining work and family life, are factors that could explain the lack of decrease in suicide rates.

  5. Molecular gastronomy in Spain

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    García-Segovia, P.; Garrido, M. D.; Vercet, A.

    2014-01-01

    Beyond the overwhelming international success of Ferrán Adria, Spain has been one of the countries with a more active implication in molecular gastronomy as a scientific discipline but also in the use of ingredients, technologies, and equipment from the scientific and technological universe...... with scientists for facing the future of Spanish gastronomy....

  6. O povo que mede forças com a morte: os ilhéus de Tuvalu, no Pacífico Sul, e a subida das águas do mar

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Isabel Maria Madaleno

    Full Text Available Localizado no Pacífico Sul, a cerca de 1.100 km ao norte das Fiji, o arquipélago Tuvalu é constituído por nove ilhas de coral. Soma meros 26 km² de superfície, onde residem cerca de 11.000 ilhéus, no geral, pescadores ou agricultores de subsistência, dedicados ao cultivo das nativas pulaka e taro, assim como fruta-pão e coco. O povo pertence ao grupo étnico polinésio, sendo a sua cultura e o tipo físico bastante homogêneos de ilha para ilha. Em fevereiro de 2010, o Instituto de Investigação Científica Tropical realizou uma missão científica ao atol de Funafuti, conhecido mundialmente pela sua vulnerabilidade às mudanças climáticas, devido à subida do nível das águas do mar. Os objetivos do projeto etnogeográfico foram dois: avaliar a percepção que os ilhéus têm das mudanças climáticas e, coerentemente, avaliar a sua percepção da morte. A amostra recolhida no atol foi composta por cinquenta e oito entrevistas semiestruturadas. Os resultados demonstraram que os ilhéus, majoritariamente cristãos, não temem a subida das águas do mar, assim como não temem a morte, devido ao fato de possuírem uma confiança inapelável na Divina Providência.

  7. Spain and Portugal facing Euratom. Some considerations in the access of Spain and Portugal to Euratom

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Corretjer, L.; Lopez Rodriguez, M.

    1985-01-01

    The access of Spain and Portugal to the European Community of Atomic Energy (EURATOM) will give rise to significative consequences and it is a subject which must be thoroughly considered as to its implications regarding the present state of nuclear development in both countries and with regard to their reciprocal relations in nuclear energy matters. To determine such consequences and implications it is necessary, first of all, to analyze what EURATOM is and how it acts, in addition to consider the situation of each of its Member States as to the utilization of nuclear energy. As well, it is necessary to explain the evolution and the present situation of nuclear development in Spain and in Portugal and their mutual relations in this field. In pursuit of such analysis we may determine the possible consequences of their access; this is made bearing in mind each of the aspects in which EURATOM acts, according to the Treaty and the ''acquis communitaire'', and dividing them into common consequences and individual ones for both countries. The whole exposition, which was studied and carried out from an exclusively technical point of view, has a result the deduction of the joint possibilities offered to Spain and Portugal to make use of EURATOM's availabilities and of the joint actions which both countries may achieve to benefit as much as possible from their access to EURATOM. (author)

  8. Dynamics of dissolved organic carbon in the northwestern Indian Ocean

    Digital Repository Service at National Institute of Oceanography (India)

    DileepKumar, M.; Rajendran, A.; Somasundar, K.; Haake, B.; Jenisch, A.; Shuo, Z.; Ittekkot, V.; Desai, B.N.

    scatter of DOC and AOU data points. This scatter could have been also the result of POC oxida- tion to CO2. Sugimura and Suzuki (1988) have observed an inverse correlation be- tween AOU and DOC in the waters of the northwestern Pacific and claimed....e. positive AN) predominantly in the northern Arabian Sea. The slope of the regression line for all the points (-0.035) shows lower DOC values when AN is positive, indicating oxidation by NOj-. The most interest- ing part of the inverse trend in toto is...

  9. Spatial trends of polyfluorinated compounds in guillemot (Uria aalge) eggs from North-Western Europe

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Löfstrand, Karin; Jörundsdóttir, Hrönn; Tomy, Gregg

    2008-01-01

    carboxylic acids (PFCAs) in guillemot (Uria aalge) eggs, collected in North-Western Europe, from Iceland, the Faroe Islands, Sweden and two locations in Norway. The highest concentrations of PFOS were found in samples from Sweden (mean 400 ng g(-1) wet weight (w.w.)), which were almost five times higher than...

  10. Climate change vulnerabilities and adaptation options for forest vegetation management in the northwestern USA

    Science.gov (United States)

    Jessica Halofsky; David Peterson

    2016-01-01

    Recent vulnerability assessments, conducted in diverse regions in the northwestern United States, indicate that many commonalities exist with respect to projected vulnerabilities to climate change. Dry forests are projected to have significant changes in distribution and abundance of species, partially in response to higher temperature and lower soil moisture, but...

  11. Diagnosis of Annosus Root Disease in Mixed Conifer Forests in the Northwestern United States

    Science.gov (United States)

    Craig L. Schmitt

    1989-01-01

    Recognizing annosus root disease affecting conifers in northwestern United States forests is discussed. Field diagnosis can bemade by observing characteristic stand patterns, wood stain and decay, ectotrophic mycelium, and sporophores. Most seriously affected trees include hemlocks, grand fir, white fir and Pacific silver fir. Ponderosa pine and other true firs may...

  12. Morte súbita dos citros: suscetibilidade de seleções de limão-cravo e uso de interenxertos Citrus sudden death: susceptibility of rangpur lime selections and the use of interstocks

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Jorgino Pompeu Junior

    2008-12-01

    Full Text Available A morte súbita dos citros é uma doença que afeta cultivares de laranjas e tangerinas enxertadas nos limões-Cravo e Volkameriano. Ela foi observada em plantas com dois a seis anos de idade que, após mostrarem sintomas gerais de declínio, entraram em colapso e morreram. A retirada da casca dos porta-enxertos suscetíveis revela o amarelecimento na região cambial, sendo esse o sintoma-diagnóstico da doença e que precede os sintomas da copa. As plantas enxertadas nas tangerinas Cleópatra e Sunki, no trifoliata e no citrumelo Swingle, não mostram sintomas da doença. A transmissão por borbulha e a evolução espacial sugerem que a morte súbita dos citros seja causada por patógeno transmitido por vetor alado. Com o objetivo de selecionar porta-enxertos tolerantes à doença, laranjeiras Valência enxertadas em 254 porta-enxertos foram plantadas em maio de 2003 e 2004 em solos onde foram erradicados pomares afetados pela morte súbita dos citros e próximos a pomares afetados pela doença. Em novembro de 2006, o sintoma-diagnóstico da doença estava presente em dez seleções de limão-Cravo: Santa Barbara red lime, Borneo red lime, Limão-Cravo Taquaritinga, Rangpur India C-26-1, Rangpur rose lemon, Rangpur Kusaie lime, Rangpur red lime D-33-40, Rangpur Egyptian lime, Rangpur lemon India e Japanshe citroen. A presença de interenxerto de trifoliata ou de tangerina Cleópatra, entre o limão-Cravo e a laranja Valência, não impediu a manifestação da doença.Citrus sudden death (CSD or morte súbita dos citros affects sweet orange cultivars and some mandarin trees grafted on Rangpur lime and Volkamer lemon rootstocks. The disease was observed in trees with ages ranging from two to six years; after showing general decline symptoms, the affected trees suddenly collapse and die. Trees on Cleopatra and Sunki mandarins, 'Swingle' citrumelo and trifoliate orange showed no symptoms of CSD. Cambial yellowing in the rootstock can be observed

  13. Exploring spatial–temporal dynamics of fire regime features in mainland Spain

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    A. Jiménez-Ruano

    2017-10-01

    Full Text Available This paper explores spatial–temporal dynamics in fire regime features, such as fire frequency, burnt area, large fires and natural- and human-caused fires, as an essential part of fire regime characterization. Changes in fire features are analysed at different spatial – regional and provincial/NUTS3 – levels, together with summer and winter temporal scales, using historical fire data from Spain for the period 1974–2013. Temporal shifts in fire features are investigated by means of change point detection procedures – Pettitt test, AMOC (at most one change, PELT (pruned exact linear time and BinSeg (binary segmentation – at a regional level to identify changes in the time series of the features. A trend analysis was conducted using the Mann–Kendall and Sen's slope tests at both the regional and NUTS3 level. Finally, we applied a principal component analysis (PCA and varimax rotation to trend outputs – mainly Sen's slope values – to summarize overall temporal behaviour and to explore potential links in the evolution of fire features. Our results suggest that most fire features show remarkable shifts between the late 1980s and the first half of the 1990s. Mann–Kendall outputs revealed negative trends in the Mediterranean region. Results from Sen's slope suggest high spatial and intra-annual variability across the study area. Fire activity related to human sources seems to be experiencing an overall decrease in the northwestern provinces, particularly pronounced during summer. Similarly, the Hinterland and the Mediterranean coast are gradually becoming less fire affected. Finally, PCA enabled trends to be synthesized into four main components: winter fire frequency (PC1, summer burnt area (PC2, large fires (PC3 and natural fires (PC4.

  14. The History of the Democratic Adult Education Movement in Spain

    Science.gov (United States)

    Oliver, Esther; Tellado, Itxaso; Yuste, Montserrat; Larena-Fernández, Rosa

    2016-01-01

    Background/Context: Traditional adult education in Spain treated the learner as a mere object that could be shaped by the educator. Although current practices of the democratic adult education movement in Spain reveals a completely opposite standpoint on adult education, there has been little analysis of the several influences converging and…

  15. Tectonic evolution of the Caribbean and northwestern South America: The case for accretion of two Late Cretaceous oceanic plateaus

    Science.gov (United States)

    Kerr, Andrew C.; Tarney, John

    2005-04-01

    It is widely accepted that the thickened oceanic crust of the Caribbean plate, its basaltic accreted margins, and accreted mafic terranes in northwestern South America represent the remnants of a single ca. 90 Ma oceanic plateau. We review geologic, geochemical, and paleomagnetic evidence that suggests that the Caribbean-Colombian oceanic plateau in fact represents the remnants of two different oceanic plateaus, both dated as ca. 90 Ma. The first of these plateaus, the Caribbean Plateau, formed ca. 90 Ma in the vicinity of the present-day Galapagos hotspot. Northeastward movement of the Farallon plate meant that this plateau collided with the proto Caribbean arc and northwestern South America Gorgona Plateau, formed at 26° 30°S, possibly at the site of the present-day Sala y Gomez hotspot. Over the next ˜45 m.y., this plateau was carried progressively northeastward on the Farallon plate and collided in the middle Eocene with the proto Andean subduction zone in northwestern South America. The recognition of a second ca. 90 Ma Pacific oceanic plateau strengthens the link between plateau formation and global oceanic anoxic events.

  16. Modeling Tamarisk (Tamarix spp.) habitat and climate change effects in the northwestern United States

    Science.gov (United States)

    Becky K. Kerns; Bridgett J. Naylor; Michelle Buonopane; Catherine G. Parks; Brendan. Rogers

    2009-01-01

    Tamarisk species are shrubs or small trees considered by some to be among the most aggressively invasive and potentially detrimental exotic plants in the United States. Although extensively studied in the southern and interior west, northwestern (Oregon, Washington, and Idaho) distribution and habitat information for tamarisk is either limited or lacking. We obtained...

  17. Assessing the sampling strategy in the Northwestern Mediterranean Sea

    Science.gov (United States)

    Margirier, Félix; Testor, Pierre; Bosse, Anthony; Heslop, Emma; L'Hévéder, Blandine; Arsouze, Thomas; Houpert, Loic; Mortier, Laurent

    2017-04-01

    The deployment of numerous autonomous platforms (gliders, argo floats, moorings) added to the repeated ship cruises in the Northwestern Mediterranean Sea account for a considerable data coverage of the area through the past 10 years. In this study, we analyse the in-situ observations' ability to assess for the changes in the Northwester Mediterranean basin water masses properties over time. Comparing the observed time series for the different regions and different water masses to that of a glider simulator in the NEMO-Med12 model, we estimate both the quality of the model and the skill of the in-situ observations in reproducing the evolution of the basin properties.

  18. “Patti di morte”. Internet, suicidi e la spettacolarità del crimine / "Pactes de mort." Internet, suicides et spectacularité du crime / “Pact of death”: Web, Suicides and the Crime Show

    OpenAIRE

    Mason C.

    2010-01-01

    Il Web è diventato davvero uno specchio per vanitosi? Giovani e adulti si cimentano in bravate, oscenità, per poi filmarsi e pubblicare il video. Anche il suicidio può venire facilitato dal Web: mentre in Giappone si sottoscrivono patti di morte con sconosciuti, in occidente ci si toglie la vita di fronte la webcam nella solitudine della propria stanza. Se nel paese orientale le persone cercano di fuggire da una società che le rifiuta, che accetta solo la maschera che mostrano in pubblico e n...

  19. Enhancement of the aerosol direct radiative effect by semi-volatile aerosol components: airborne measurements in North-Western Europe

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    W. T. Morgan

    2010-09-01

    Full Text Available A case study of atmospheric aerosol measurements exploring the impact of the vertical distribution of aerosol chemical composition upon the radiative budget in North-Western Europe is presented. Sub-micron aerosol chemical composition was measured by an Aerodyne Aerosol Mass Spectrometer (AMS on both an airborne platform and a ground-based site at Cabauw in the Netherlands. The examined period in May 2008 was characterised by enhanced pollution loadings in North-Western Europe and was dominated by ammonium nitrate and Organic Matter (OM. Both ammonium nitrate and OM were observed to increase with altitude in the atmospheric boundary layer. This is primarily attributed to partitioning of semi-volatile gas phase species to the particle phase at reduced temperature and enhanced relative humidity. Increased ammonium nitrate concentrations in particular were found to strongly increase the ambient scattering potential of the aerosol burden, which was a consequence of the large amount of associated water as well as the enhanced mass. During particularly polluted conditions, increases in aerosol optical depth of 50–100% were estimated to occur due to the observed increase in secondary aerosol mass and associated water uptake. Furthermore, the single scattering albedo was also shown to increase with height in the boundary layer. These enhancements combined to increase the negative direct aerosol radiative forcing by close to a factor of two at the median percentile level. Such increases have major ramifications for regional climate predictions as semi-volatile components are often not included in aerosol models.

    The results presented here provide an ideal opportunity to test regional and global representations of both the aerosol vertical distribution and subsequent impacts in North-Western Europe. North-Western Europe can be viewed as an analogue for the possible future air quality over other polluted regions of the Northern Hemisphere, where

  20. Ocorrências da família Sarcophagidae (Insecta, Díptera em carcaças de Sus scrofa Linnaeus (Suidae em Belém-PA, colonização da carcaça e sua relação com o tempo de morte do animal

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Paula Daniela Raiol Bitar de Araujo

    2013-10-01

    Full Text Available O presente trabalho visa verificar a ocorrência de Dípteros de interesse forense em uma carcaça de suíno, sua colonização e relação com o tempo de morte do animal, dando maior ênfase na família Sarcophagidae, por constituírem fauna constante e obrigatória de carcaça e por utilizarem esse substrato como sítio de procriação. O experimento foi realizado em uma área de mata, localizada nas dependências do Instituto de Pesquisa Museu Emílio Goeldi, em Belém-Pa. Foi utilizado como isca um suíno (Sus scrofa L. inteiro (com vísceras, de 14,5 Kg, recém abatido. Este foi exposto sob uma armadilha do tipo suspensa modificada, adequada à coletas de insetos adultos, sendo que também foram coletadas larvas e pupas, diretamente na carcaça. A ocorrência dos insetos adultos e de seus estágios larvais foi correlacionada com o tempo de morte do animal, a fim de possibilitar futuras inferências de tempo de morte com base na presença e dispersão destes insetos. O tempo de decomposição e a duração de cada estágio de decomposição foram registrados, tendo sido afetados provavelmente pelo tamanho da carcaça e pela estação do ano. Diferenças quanto ao padrão de sucessão não foram observadas

  1. Forest responses to climate change in the northwestern United States: ecophysiological foundations for adaptive management

    Science.gov (United States)

    Daniel J. Chmura; Paul D. Anderson; Glenn T. Howe; Constance A. Harrington; Jessica E. Halofsky; David L. Peterson; David C. Shaw; Brad J. St Clair

    2011-01-01

    Climate change resulting from increased concentrations of atmospheric carbon dioxide ([C02]) is expected to result in warmer temperatures and changed precipitation regimes during this century. In the northwestern U.S., these changes will likely decrease snowpack, cause earlier snowmelt, increase summer evapotranspiration, and increase the...

  2. Spectral Wave Characteristics in the Nearshore Waters of Northwestern Bay of Bengal

    Science.gov (United States)

    Anjali Nair, M.; Sanil Kumar, V.; Amrutha, M. M.

    2018-03-01

    The spectral wave characteristics in the nearshore waters of northwestern Bay of Bengal are presented based on the buoy-measured data from February 2013 to December 2015 off Gopalpur at 15-m water depth. The mean seasonal significant wave height and mean wave period indicate that the occurrence of higher wave heights and wave periods is during the southwest monsoon period (June-September). 74% of the sea surface height variance in a year is a result of waves from 138 to 228° and 16% are from 48 to 138°. Strong inter-annual variability is observed in the monthly average wave parameters due to the occurrence of tropical cyclones. Due to the influence of the tropical cyclone Phailin, maximum significant wave height of 6.7 m is observed on 12 October 2013 and that due to tropical cyclone Hudhud whose track is 250 southwest of the study location is 5.84 m on 12 October 2014. Analysis revealed that a single tropical cyclone influenced the annual maximum significant wave height and not the annual average value which is almost same ( 1 m) in 2014 and 2015. The waves in the northwestern Bay of Bengal are influenced by the southwest and northeast monsoons, southern ocean swells and cyclones.

  3. Towards a Caribou Habitat Management Strategy for Northwestern Ontario: Running the Gauntlet

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Gerald D. Racey

    1996-01-01

    Full Text Available A management strategy for woodland caribou (Rangifer tarandus caribou habitat is being developed in northwestern Ontario. This strategy is based upon a set of draft Timber Management Guidelines for the Provision of Woodland Caribou Habitat. These guidelines recommend maintaining a sustainable supply of winter habitat within large tracts of old forest, protecting calving areas and minimizing human disturbance. Due to the large temporal and spatial scale of caribou habitat management, an ecosystem-based approach is recommended. Public response to the strategy shows a strong dichotomy between environmental and utilitarian values among all the major stakeholder groups. The major issues raised by the public include security of industrial wood supply, quality of the knowledge base, level of awareness of caribou, economic impacts on remote communities, concern about environmental impacts and silvicultural know-how. The government is responding to these concerns as the strategy evolves. Current emphasis is placed on increasing awareness of the public, training resource managers in caribou biology, management and habitat planning, implementing interim habitat management prescriptions and studying the potential impact on wood supply. The final direction for a northwestern Ontario strategy to conserve woodland caribou habitat has yet to be decided, although a commitment has been made to strive for the conservation of woodland caribou populations and their habitat.

  4. Nota explicativa del Mapa geológico de la parte N.O. de la provincia de la Coruña

    NARCIS (Netherlands)

    Parga-Pondal, Don Isidro

    1956-01-01

    Explanation of the geological map (Northwestern part) of the province of La Coruña, Galicia, N.W. Spain Main rock groups We distinguish five main groups of rocks which probably differ in age. Whether this age difference applies only to the time of their intrusion or metamorphism or also to their

  5. The Sixteenth Nation: Spain’s Role in NATO,

    Science.gov (United States)

    1983-01-01

    Clerks Pat Williams (Lead Clerk) Dorothy M. Mack Laura W. Hall Carol A. Valentine Editorial Board Advisers Rear Admiral S. A. Swarztrauber, USN, Inter...industrial defense potential is in J. Sanchez Mendez , "Spain and its Defense Organization, Part 2: The Defense Industry," International Defense Review 13...discussion of Spanish military capabilities, see J. Sanchez Mendez , "Spain and its Defense Organization, Part 1: The Armed Forces," International Defense

  6. A importância dos acidentes ofídicos como causa de mortes em bovinos no Brasil The importance of snake bites as cause of cattle death in Brazil

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Carlos Hubinger Tokarnia

    2006-06-01

    Full Text Available A revisão da literatura pertinente indica que as opiniões sobre a importância dos acidentes ofídicos, como causa de mortes em bovinos no Brasil, são divergentes no meio veterinário. Enquanto alguns acreditam que são pouco importantes, ou que têm menor significado do que lhes é atribuído, outros são da opinião que esses acidentes são freqüentes. Verificou-se que só foi relatado diagnóstico fundamentado de dois casos fatais de envenenamento por Bothrops spp em bovinos, e de nenhum por Crotalus spp. Um questionário por nós submetido a patologistas e clínicos veterinários que atuam em diversos Estados do país, revelou apenas raros casos suspeitos de envenenamento ofídico fatal em bovinos no Brasil. Em nossas viagens de estudo e nos trabalhos de diagnóstico nunca estabelecemos o diagnóstico de morte por acidente ofídico em bovinos. Os casos tidos como envenenamento ofídico, na sua grande maioria, são apenas suposições, sem embasamento. Esses "diagnósticos", em geral, são feitos à distância dos animais que morreram, à revelia de exame clínico, necropsia e estudo histopatológico. Importante foi a constatação de que, no Brasil, embora algumas serpentes do gênero Bothrops possam, teoricamente, produzir quantidades suficientes de veneno para matar um bovino adulto, em experimentos realizados, apenas Bothrops alternatus foi capaz de levar a morte um dos três bovinos experimentalmente por ela picados; esse animal tinha apenas 279 kg. Já as serpentes do gênero Crotalus poderiam inocular quantidades letais de veneno para bovinos adultos. Mesmo assim, tanto para Bothrops spp, como para Crotalus spp, há que se considerar que as serpentes, em geral, só inoculam parte do veneno disponível. Esse estudo indica que é necessário melhor investigar as mortes suspeitas de terem sido causadas por acidente ofídico em bovinos no Brasil. O estabelecimento do diagnóstico de morte por envenenamento ofídico, porém, só é poss

  7. The Queen's Two Bodies: Sor Juana and New Spain's Vicereines

    Science.gov (United States)

    Thomas, George Anthony

    2009-01-01

    The work of Sor Juana Ines de la Cruz contains many examples of positive representations of the Queens of Spain and the Vicereines of New Spain. These poetic portraits serve to counter the primarily misogynistic portrayals of ruling women of the seventeenth century. Most importantly, Sor Juana increased the visibility of the vicereine in colonial…

  8. Maps of Shallow-water Banks in the Northwestern Hawaiian Islands Derived from Moderate Resolution Landsat Satellite Imagery

    Data.gov (United States)

    National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Department of Commerce — Shallow-water (generally, less than 30 meters) bank areas in the Northwestern Hawaiian Islands were identified using semi-automated image analysis of Landsat 7 ETM+...

  9. 2006 Reson 8101ER Multibeam Sonar Data from Cruise AHI-06-12 - Brooks Bank, Northwestern Hawaiian Islands

    Data.gov (United States)

    National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Department of Commerce — Reson 8101ER multibeam Data were collected between 13-15 October 2006 aboard NOAA Survey Launch Acoustic Habitat Investigator (AHI) Brooks Banks in the Northwestern...

  10. The influence of democracy in the practice of public relations in Spain

    OpenAIRE

    Xifra, Jordi

    2011-01-01

    This article presents an exploratory study of the current status of public relationsin Spain on the basis of elements and indicators applied to other countries in thestudy The Global Public Relations Handbook (2009). Spain is one of the most notableabsentees from the study; this article therefore fills a hole in current public relationsresearch and theory. The conclusion is that Spain is a country that has undergoneradical change, from a dictatorship to one of the world’s most democratic syst...

  11. Fire cue effects on seed germination of six species of northwestern Patagonian grasslands

    Science.gov (United States)

    Gonzalez, S. L.; Ghermandi, L.

    2012-09-01

    Postfire recruitment of seedlings has been attributed to a stimulation of germination by fire-related cues. The germination response to heat shock (80 °C - 5 min), smoke (60 min), the combination of both factors and no heat no smoke (control) was studied in six native species (two dominant grasses, two dominant shrubs and two annual fugitive herbs) of northwestern Patagonian grasslands. Seeds of the grasses Festuca pallescens and Stipa speciosa and the shrub Senecio bracteolatus (Asteraceae) germinated when they were exposed to heat shock, whereas seeds of the other shrub, Mulinum spinosum (Apiaceae), were killed by this fire cue. In grasses, probably the glume of caryopsis protected embryos from heat. Possibly, the seed size could explain the different responses of the two shrubs. Heat combined with smoke reduced seed germination for S. speciosa and S. bracteolatus. The heat could have scarified seeds and the longer exposure to smoke could have been toxic for embryos. The same treatment increased germination of the annual fugitive herb Boopis gracilis (Calyceraceae). We concluded that fire differentially affects the seedling recruitment of the studied species in the northwestern Patagonian grasslands.

  12. Devenir un dieu. La mort d’Auguste et la naissance de la monarchie impériale

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Frédéric HURLET

    2015-03-01

    Full Text Available Une des manifestations les plus remarquables de l’intelligence politique dont Auguste ?t preuve tout au long de sa vie fut d’avoir organisé dans les moindres détails ses propres funérailles. Il s’agissait d’éviter que se reproduisent à cette occasion les troubles qui avaient suivi la mort de son père adoptif Jules César le 15 mars 44 av. J.-C. et de garantir dans le même temps le succès de la première transmission dynastique du pouvoir impérial. Cet article étudie les enjeux politiques des événements des mois d’août et septembre 14 ap. J.-C. dans un ordre chronologique qui passe en revue les trois étapes suivantes : le décès d’Auguste proprement dit à travers les récits édi?ants qui lui ont été consacrés durant l’Antiquité ; le traitement de sa dépouille jusqu’au transfert de ses cendres dans son Mausolée ; sa divinisation. Le mythe d’Auguste est né en 14 ap. J.-C., au moment même où la continuité de la monarchie impériale était dé?nitivement assurée.

  13. Safety philosophy and licensing practice in different member states of IAEA: Spain

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Alonso, A.

    1981-01-01

    With the aim of presenting the licensing experience in Spain, the countries with nuclear activities are divided into three main groups: exporters, qualified importers and importers, being Spain in the second group. The licensing problems, and therefore the licensing experience, are different in the different groups of countries. Moreover, the experience in Spain is enriched by the following facts: an early start, a substantial program and a diversity of types, pressurized and boiling water reactors, and suppliers, American and German plants. Reference is made to the basic legal documents governing licensing in Spain, together with the difficulties in adopting and applying detailed regulations. Within this framework, the licensing experience in Spain is described with reference to the reference plant concept, later enlarged to include the reference-site reference plant concept, ending in the most practical approach of the reference problem concept. Finally specific licensing problems are introduced with reference to the Spanish operating nuclear power plants, the ones under commissioning and in an advanced state of construction and the ones just staring construction. (orig./RW)

  14. Prevalence and Genetic Diversity of Avipoxvirus in House Sparrows in Spain.

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Jorge Ruiz-Martínez

    Full Text Available Avipoxvirus (APV is a fairly common virus affecting birds that causes morbidity and mortality in wild and captive birds. We studied the prevalence of pox-like lesions and genetic diversity of APV in house sparrows (Passer domesticus in natural, agricultural and urban areas in southern Spain in 2013 and 2014 and in central Spain for 8 months (2012-2013. Overall, 3.2% of 2,341 house sparrows visually examined in southern Spain had cutaneous lesions consistent with avian pox. A similar prevalence (3% was found in 338 birds from central Spain. Prevalence was higher in hatch-year birds than in adults. We did not detect any clear spatial or temporal patterns of APV distribution. Molecular analyses of poxvirus-like lesions revealed that 63% of the samples were positive. Molecular and phylogenetic analyses of 29 DNA sequences from the fpv167 gene, detected two strains belonging to the canarypox clade (subclades B1 and B2 previously found in Spain. One of them appears predominant in Iberia and North Africa and shares 70% similarity to fowlpox and canarypox virus. This APV strain has been identified in a limited number of species in the Iberian Peninsula, Morocco and Hungary. The second one has a global distribution and has been found in numerous wild bird species around the world. To our knowledge, this represents the largest study of avian poxvirus disease in the broadly distributed house sparrow and strongly supports the findings that Avipox prevalence in this species in South and central Spain is moderate and the genetic diversity low.

  15. Prevalence and Genetic Diversity of Avipoxvirus in House Sparrows in Spain.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Ruiz-Martínez, Jorge; Ferraguti, Martina; Figuerola, Jordi; Martínez-de la Puente, Josué; Williams, Richard Alexander John; Herrera-Dueñas, Amparo; Aguirre, José Ignacio; Soriguer, Ramón; Escudero, Clara; Moens, Michaël André Jean; Pérez-Tris, Javier; Benítez, Laura

    2016-01-01

    Avipoxvirus (APV) is a fairly common virus affecting birds that causes morbidity and mortality in wild and captive birds. We studied the prevalence of pox-like lesions and genetic diversity of APV in house sparrows (Passer domesticus) in natural, agricultural and urban areas in southern Spain in 2013 and 2014 and in central Spain for 8 months (2012-2013). Overall, 3.2% of 2,341 house sparrows visually examined in southern Spain had cutaneous lesions consistent with avian pox. A similar prevalence (3%) was found in 338 birds from central Spain. Prevalence was higher in hatch-year birds than in adults. We did not detect any clear spatial or temporal patterns of APV distribution. Molecular analyses of poxvirus-like lesions revealed that 63% of the samples were positive. Molecular and phylogenetic analyses of 29 DNA sequences from the fpv167 gene, detected two strains belonging to the canarypox clade (subclades B1 and B2) previously found in Spain. One of them appears predominant in Iberia and North Africa and shares 70% similarity to fowlpox and canarypox virus. This APV strain has been identified in a limited number of species in the Iberian Peninsula, Morocco and Hungary. The second one has a global distribution and has been found in numerous wild bird species around the world. To our knowledge, this represents the largest study of avian poxvirus disease in the broadly distributed house sparrow and strongly supports the findings that Avipox prevalence in this species in South and central Spain is moderate and the genetic diversity low.

  16. [What is an efficient health technology in Spain?].

    Science.gov (United States)

    Sacristán, J A; Oliva, J; Del Llano, J; Prieto, L; Pinto, J L

    2002-01-01

    Despite the growing recognition of the potential applications of cost-effectiveness assessments, a criterion to establish what is an efficient health technology does not exist in Spain. The objective of this work is to describe the limits and the criteria used in Spain to recommend the adoption of health interventions. A review of the economic evaluations of health technologies published in Spain from 1990 to 2001 was conducted. Complete economic assessments in which the cost-effectiveness ratio was expressed as cost per life-year gained (LYG), cost per quality-adjusted-life-year (QALY) or cost per saved live were selected. Those interventions in which the authors established recommendations (adoption or rejection) and the criteria used were analyzed. Twenty (20%) of the 100 complete economic evaluations fulfilled the selection criteria. In16 studies, the results were expressed as cost per LYG, in 6 studies as cost per QALY and in 1 as cost per saved live. A total of 82 health interventions were assessed and some kind of recommendation was established in 44 of them. All technologies with a cost-effectiveness ratio lower than 30,000 euros (5 million pesetas) per LYG were recommended for adoption by the authors. Up to that limit there was no a clear tendency. Although the results must be interpreted with much precaution, given the limitations of the study, the limits of cost-effectiveness presented in this work could be a first reference to which would be an efficient health intervention in Spain.

  17. Novel lyssavirus in bat, Spain.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Aréchiga Ceballos, Nidia; Vázquez Morón, Sonia; Berciano, José M; Nicolás, Olga; Aznar López, Carolina; Juste, Javier; Rodríguez Nevado, Cristina; Aguilar Setién, Alvaro; Echevarría, Juan E

    2013-05-01

    A new tentative lyssavirus, Lleida bat lyssavirus, was found in a bent-winged bat (Miniopterus schreibersii) in Spain. It does not belong to phylogroups I or II, and it seems to be more closely related to the West Causasian bat virus, and especially to the Ikoma lyssavirus.

  18. Novel Lyssavirus in Bat, Spain

    OpenAIRE

    Ceballos, Nidia Ar?chiga; Mor?n, Sonia V?zquez; Berciano, Jos? M.; Nicol?s, Olga; L?pez, Carolina Aznar; Juste, Javier; Nevado, Cristina Rodr?guez; Seti?n, ?lvaro Aguilar; Echevarr?a, Juan E.

    2013-01-01

    A new tentative lyssavirus, Lleida bat lyssavirus, was found in a bent-winged bat (Miniopterus schreibersii) in Spain. It does not belong to phylogroups I or II, and it seems to be more closely related to the West Causasian bat virus, and especially to the Ikoma lyssavirus.

  19. History of health technology assessment: Spain.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Sampietro-Colom, Laura; Asua, Jose; Briones, Eduardo; Gol, Jordi

    2009-07-01

    The aim of this study was to describe the characteristics of the introduction and diffusion of health technology assessment (HTA) in Spain. A survey to summarize the evolution of HTA was sent to representatives of different HTA initiatives in Spain. HTA was introduced in the late 1980s. The main factors were the trend to an increase in healthcare expenditure, concerns regarding efficiency in providing health care, as well as in the level of rationality introducing high technology. Spain has direct (i.e., regulation) and indirect (i.e., payment systems, evidence-based programs, HTA) mechanisms to control health technologies. A recent high priority regulation has established the need of HTA to decide the introduction of a new health technology in the lists of public healthcare coverage, although similar regulations existed in the past and were scarcely implemented. HTA initiatives started at the regional government level. Its introduction followed a progressive pattern among regions. In the beginning, resources were scarce and expertise limited, with work done at intramural level. With time, expertise increase, and promotion of commissioned work was implemented. HTA knowledge transfer in the healthcare system has been carried out through courses, publications, and commissioned research. Currently, there are seven HTA units/agencies, which coordinate their work. HTA in Spain is in its maturity. Facing the unavoidable change of health care environment over time, HTA is also evolving and, currently, there is a trend to broaden the areas of influence of HTA by devolving capacity to hospitals and applying principles to very early phases of health technology development, under the umbrella of regional HTA units/agencies. However, there are two main challenges ahead. One is to have a real impact at the highest level of healthcare policy coordination among Spanish regions, which is done at the Central Ministry of Health. The other is to avoid the influence of political waves

  20. Tendência da mortalidade relacionada à paracoccidioidomicose, Estado de São Paulo, Brasil, 1985 a 2005: estudo usando causas múltiplas de morte Paracoccidioidomycosis-related mortality trend, state of São Paulo, Brazil: a study using multiple causes of death

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Augusto Hasiak Santo

    2008-05-01

    Full Text Available OBJETIVO: Estudar a mortalidade relacionada à paracoccidioidomicose informada em qualquer linha ou parte do atestado médico da declaração de óbito. MÉTODOS: Os dados provieram dos bancos de causas múltiplas de morte da Fundação Sistema Estadual de Análise de Dados (SEADE de São Paulo entre 1985 e 2005. Foram calculados os coeficientes padronizados de mortalidade relacionada à paracoccidioidomicose como causa básica, como causa associada e pelo total de suas menções. RESULTADOS: No período de 21 anos ocorreram 1 950 óbitos, sendo a paracoccidioidomicose a causa básica de morte em 1 164 (59,7% e uma causa associada de morte em 786 (40,3%. Entre 1985 e 2005 observou-se um declínio do coeficiente de mortalidade pela causa básica de 59,8% e pela causa associada, de 53,0%. O maior número de óbitos ocorreu entre os homens, nas idades mais avançadas, entre lavradores, com tendência de aumento nos meses de inverno. As principais causas associadas da paracoccidioidomicose como causa básica foram a fibrose pulmonar, as doenças crônicas das vias aéreas inferiores e as pneumonias. As neoplasias malignas e a AIDS foram as principais causas básicas estando a paracoccidioidomicose como causa associada. Verificou-se a necessidade de adequar as tabelas de decisão para o processamento automático de causas de morte nos atestados de óbito com a menção de paracoccidioidomicose. CONCLUSÕES: A metodologia das causas múltiplas de morte, conjugada com a metodologia tradicional da causa básica, abre novas perspectivas para a pesquisa que visa a ampliar o conhecimento sobre a história natural da paracoccidioidomicose.OBJECTIVE: To investigate mortality in which paracoccidioidomycosis appears on any line or part of the death certificate. METHODS: Mortality data for 1985-2005 were obtained from the multiple cause-of-death database maintained by the São Paulo State Data Analysis System (SEADE. Standardized mortality coefficients were

  1. New Strategies in Library Services Organization: Consortia University Libraries in Spain

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Miguel Duarte Barrionuevo

    2017-09-01

    Full Text Available New political, economic, and technological developments, as well as the growth of information markets, in Spain have created a foundation for the creation of library consortia. The author describes the process by which different regions in Spain have organized university library consortia.

  2. Oath Ceremonies in Spain and New Spain in the 18th century: A Comparative Study of Rituals and Iconography

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Inmaculada Rodríguez Moya

    2017-10-01

    Full Text Available This paper will focus on a comparative study of the royal oath ceremonies in Spain and New Spain starting with the 16th century, when the ritual was established, to later consider some examples from the 18th century. A process of consolidating a Latin American and Hispanic identity began in the 17th century and was reflected in religious and political festivals everywhere. The royal oath ceremony was a renewal of vows of loyalty to the Crown, which was especially important in a monarchy composed a variety of different kingdoms. This ritual was very important in the Viceroyalty of New Spain, where a king ruled from afar over subjects scattered throughout a vast territory that was ethnically and culturally very diverse. The ceremony was therefore used in the 18th century to assert matters of identity through ritual gestures and the images that adorned the ephemeral architecture created for it. Accounts of festivities and prints depicting the event as it took place in places like Lisbon, Barcelona, Valencia, Majorca, Mexico and Lima will be studied from a comparative point of view.

  3. Crossing the Invisible Line: Establishing Co-Education at the University of Manchester and Northwestern University.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Barnes, Sarah V.

    1994-01-01

    Asserts that, during the second half of the 19th Century, women in England and the United States increasingly sought and gained admission to higher education institutions. Describes the establishment of coeducation at the University of Manchester (England) and Northwestern University (Illinois) in terms of these cultural differences. (CFR)

  4. Gypsum-induced decay in granite monuments in Northwestern Spain

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Silva Hermo, B.

    2010-03-01

    Full Text Available One of the most common forms of decay in granite monuments is the detachment of the superficial layer of the stone (plaques, plaquettes and scales. Previous studies of granite monuments in the northwest Iberian Peninsula revealed a direct relation between this type of weathering and the presence of calcium sulphate, and a mechanism whereby the salt causes this type of decay was suggested. In the present study, various hypotheses as regards the origin of the gypsum found in granite monuments are proposed. The study involved analysis of the contents of ions soluble in water, the results of X-ray diffraction analyses and the ratios of CaO/SO3 in samples of stone, mortar and deposits collected from different monuments. It was concluded that in most cases the gypsum originated from old paintworks or/and from the joint mortars, although inputs from other sources cannot be discounted, as discussed

    Una de las formas de deterioro más frecuente en los monumentos graníticos es la separación de la capa superficial de la piedra (placas, plaquetas y escamas. En trabajos anteriores centrados en monumentos del noroeste de la Península Ibérica, se constató la relación directa entre esta forma de alteración y la presencia de sulfato de calcio y se propuso el mecanismo a través del cual esta sal provoca este tipo de deterioro. En este trabajo se plantean varias hipótesis acerca del origen del yeso encontrado en monumentos graníticos. Para ello se comparan los contenidos de iones solubilizados en agua, los resultados de difracción de rayos X y las relaciones OCa/SO3 de muestras de piedra, morteros y depósitos recogidas en diferentes monumentos. Se llega a la conclusión de que en la mayor parte de los casos el yeso procede de antiguas pinturas o de revestimientos superficiales y de los morteros de juntas entre sillares, pero no se puede descartar la contribución de otros aportes, los cuales se discuten también en este artículo.

  5. Anatomy of a Permian Erg sequence: the De La Cuesta Formation (northwestern Argentina)

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Spalletti, L.; Limarino, C.; Colombo, F.

    2010-01-01

    This work is about the Permian red beds of the La Cuesta Formation (Sierra de Narvaez, northwestern Argentina) which is composed of sandstones associated with mud stones and subordinate conglomerates. The sediments obtained from the interaction between aeolian and ephemeral fluvial systems, are represented by aeolian dune, dry aeolian inter dune and aeolian sand sheet, mud flat, wet aeolian inter dune, and fluvial deposits

  6. Gene/QTL discovery for Anthracnose in common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) from North-western Himalayas.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Choudhary, Neeraj; Bawa, Vanya; Paliwal, Rajneesh; Singh, Bikram; Bhat, Mohd Ashraf; Mir, Javid Iqbal; Gupta, Moni; Sofi, Parvaze A; Thudi, Mahendar; Varshney, Rajeev K; Mir, Reyazul Rouf

    2018-01-01

    Common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) is one of the most important grain legume crops in the world. The beans grown in north-western Himalayas possess huge diversity for seed color, shape and size but are mostly susceptible to Anthracnose disease caused by seed born fungus Colletotrichum lindemuthianum. Dozens of QTLs/genes have been already identified for this disease in common bean world-wide. However, this is the first report of gene/QTL discovery for Anthracnose using bean germplasm from north-western Himalayas of state Jammu & Kashmir, India. A core set of 96 bean lines comprising 54 indigenous local landraces from 11 hot-spots and 42 exotic lines from 10 different countries were phenotyped at two locations (SKUAST-Jammu and Bhaderwah, Jammu) for Anthracnose resistance. The core set was also genotyped with genome-wide (91) random and trait linked SSR markers. The study of marker-trait associations (MTAs) led to the identification of 10 QTLs/genes for Anthracnose resistance. Among the 10 QTLs/genes identified, two MTAs are stable (BM45 & BM211), two MTAs (PVctt1 & BM211) are major explaining more than 20% phenotypic variation for Anthracnose and one MTA (BM211) is both stable and major. Six (06) genomic regions are reported for the first time, while as four (04) genomic regions validated the already known QTL/gene regions/clusters for Anthracnose. The major, stable and validated markers reported during the present study associated with Anthracnose resistance will prove useful in common bean molecular breeding programs aimed at enhancing Anthracnose resistance of local bean landraces grown in north-western Himalayas of state Jammu and Kashmir.

  7. The Vegetation of North-Western Mongolia: Floristic Checklist and Conservation Status of Mongolian Grassland Flora

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Katharina Lapin

    2017-05-01

    Full Text Available Mongolia´s grassland (steppe is reported to be vulnerable to climate change, degradation, and densifi cation. The traditional Mongolian pastoral herding system is currently transforming due to changes in market relations and economic developments, and this transformation has an impact on species composition and biodiversity. For this study, we observed the current situation of the fl ora in the north-western Mongolian territories to provide data on plant species occurrence in this remote area. A vegetation assessment was conducted for 15 locations in June and July 2016. Indicator plant species were determined to assess the level of grazing and degradation, as well as the respective steppe sub-type. The conservation status of all recorded plant species was assessed in accordance with the IUCN Red List. In total, 106 vascular plant species belonging to 73 genera and 26 families were recorded. Four endemic plant species were observed. All locations were classifi ed into three steppe sub-types: Desert-steppe, dry-steppe and mountain-steppe. A large number of degradation indicator plant species were observed in almost all locations. No endangered species in the Mongolian IUCN Red List were observed. The observation indicates that the vegetation in the north-western area of Mongolia is partly showing tendencies towards overgrazing and degradation. The conservation status of the most recorded species is currently unknown, and more studies on Mongolian vegetation will need to be conducted to assess these species’ status. We emphasize the urgent need for further studies on the vegetation and plant species composition, and indicators in north-western Mongolia, especially in context of the ongoing rapid economic, social, and ecological changes in the region

  8. CRED Gridded Bathymetry along a transit to Nihoa Island (100-027) in the Northwestern Hawaiian Islands

    Data.gov (United States)

    National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Department of Commerce — File 100-027b is a 60-m ASCII grid of depth data collected near Transit to Nihoa in the Northwestern Hawaiian Islands as of May 2003. This grid has been produced as...

  9. Miocene fish faunas from the northwestern Amazonia basin (Colombia, Peru, Brazil) with evidence of marine incursions

    NARCIS (Netherlands)

    Monsch, KA

    1998-01-01

    New evidence indicates marine influences during the Miocene in the northwestern Amazonia basin. This is the first major survey of the ichthyofauna from this area in the Miocene. Fossil fish remains from taxa such as the Dasyatoidea, Myliobatoidea, Characiformes, Siluriformes and Sciaenidae are

  10. Transfer of nuclear technology from Spain

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Madrid, G.

    1985-01-01

    Technology transfer from Spain is possible in several fields of nuclear technology ranging from the head end of the fuel cycle (ENUSA) to the back end (ENRESA). The advantages of such a transfer are emphasized

  11. Frère Zacharie de Vitré Récollet, Les Essais de méditations poétiques sur la passion, mort et résurrection de Notre-Seigneur Jésus-Christ

    OpenAIRE

    Mastroianni, Michele

    2017-01-01

    Interessante esempio di poesia devozionale e meditativa sulla passione, morte e resurrezione di Cristo, gli Essais des méditations poétiques di Frère Zacharie de Vitré Récollet, predicatore e teologo francescano, protetto di Camille de Neufville, arcivescovo di Lione, escono per la prima volta a Parigi nel 1659 per i tipi di François Muguet e, in seconda edizione a Lione, nel 1660, per l’editore Alexandre Fumeux. La raccolta, di 429 poemi (348 sonetti e 81 epigrammi), riunisce testi poetici p...

  12. O conceito de pulsão de morte na obra de Freud The concept of death drive in Freud's work

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    José Gutiérrez-Terrazas

    2002-06-01

    Full Text Available O autor postula que o conceito de "pulsão de morte" na obra de Freud suscita confusão dentro do pensamento psicanalítico porque, embora encadeado com a descoberta original freudiana de uma psicossexualidade inconsciente, vinculada à fantasia, auto-erótica e anárquica, por outro lado favorece a idéia de uma dinâmica psíquica de tipo biológico e inato, que faz do conflito psíquico um conflito de ordem instintiva - que por definição é insuperável.The Author postulates that the concept of a "death drive" in Freud's work arouses bewilderment in the psychoanalytic thought, because even though it's linked with the original Freudian discovery of an unconscious, fantasy related, autoerotical and anarchic psychosexuality, on the other hand it favors the idea of a psychic dynamics of a biologic and innate kind, which makes of the intrapsychic conflict a conflict of an instinctive kind - which by definition is unsurpassable.

  13. West Nile virus isolated from a Virginia opossum (Didelphis virginiana) in northwestern Missouri, USA, 2012.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Bosco-Lauth, Angela; Harmon, Jessica R; Lash, R Ryan; Weiss, Sonja; Langevin, Stanley; Savage, Harry M; Godsey, Marvin S; Burkhalter, Kristen; Root, J Jeffrey; Gidlewski, Thomas; Nicholson, William L; Brault, Aaron C; Komar, Nicholas

    2014-10-01

    We describe the isolation of West Nile virus (WNV; Flaviviridae, Flavivirus) from blood of a Virginia opossum (Didelphis virginiana) collected in northwestern Missouri, USA in August 2012. Sequencing determined that the virus was related to lineage 1a WNV02 strains. We discuss the role of wildlife in WNV disease epidemiology.

  14. Transition in the Cause of Fever from Malaria to Dengue, Northwestern Ecuador, 1990–2011

    Science.gov (United States)

    Cifuentes, Sara G.; Trostle, James; Trueba, Gabriel; Milbrath, Meghan; Baldeón, Manuel E.; Coloma, Josefina

    2013-01-01

    In tropical areas, the predominant cause of fever has historically been malaria. However by 2011, among febrile patients in northwestern Ecuador, dengue was identified in 42% and malaria in none. This finding suggests a transition in the cause of fever from malaria to other illnesses, such as dengue. PMID:24047566

  15. Catalan Nationalism and Challenges to the Territorial Integrity of Spain

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    G. I. Volkova

    2016-01-01

    Full Text Available At the beginning of the 21st century Spain faced a number of challenges, primarily the growth of separatist sentiments in the regions fraught with the danger of its fragmentation on ethno-national basis. In the context of increased ethno-national mobilization of “small peoples” in Spain one of its most economically developed regions – Catalonia – envisages a rise of the regional identity. Against the backdrop of economic problems generated by the crisis of 2008-2014 the autonomous communities of Spain, including Catalonia, came across the rise of socio-political problems, particularly the growing distance between the society and the central administrative bodies formed in democratic conditions, as well as the two-party administrative system.

  16. Sediment discharge of the rivers of Catalonia, NE Spain, and the influence of human impacts

    Science.gov (United States)

    Liquete, Camino; Canals, Miquel; Ludwig, Wolfgang; Arnau, Pedro

    2009-03-01

    SummaryThe environmental and anthropogenic factors controlling sediment delivery to the sea are numerous, intricate and usually difficult to quantify. Mediterranean watersheds are historically amongst the most heavily impacted by human activities in the world. This study analyzes some of these factors for nine river systems from Catalonia, NE Spain, that open into the Northwestern Mediterranean Sea, and discusses the results obtained from sediment yield models and sediment concentration data series. General models indicate that the natural suspended sediment yield by individual Catalan rivers ranged within a fork from 94 to 621 t km -2 yr -1. Such a sediment yield would be noticeably reduced (moving the fork to 7-148 t km -2 yr -1) because of lithological factors and direct anthropogenic and, possibly, climatic impacts. Damming, water extraction and urbanization appear as the most important direct anthropogenic impacts in Catalonia. Water discharge and sediment concentration measurements by basin authorities provide much lower sediment yield estimations, from 0.4 to 19.8 t km -2 yr -1, which is probably due to the lack of measured sediment loads during flood events, as it is the case in many other Mediterranean rivers. The Catalan watersheds have some of the smallest runoff values amongst Mediterranean rivers. Of the nine river systems studied, water discharge tends to decrease in two and to increase in one. The other six river systems do not show any clear tendency. Related to climatic parameters, temperature raised in all the watersheds between 1961 and 1990, while precipitation did not show significant trends.

  17. National registry of hemoglobinopathies in Spain (REPHem).

    Science.gov (United States)

    Cela, Elena; Bellón, José M; de la Cruz, María; Beléndez, Cristina; Berrueco, Rubén; Ruiz, Anna; Elorza, Izaskun; Díaz de Heredia, Cristina; Cervera, Aurea; Vallés, Griselda; Salinas, J Antonio; Coll, M Teresa; Bermúdez, Mar; Prudencio, Marta; Argilés, Bienvenida; Vecilla, Cruz

    2017-07-01

    Although highly prevalent throughout the world, the accurate prevalence of hemoglobinopathies in Spain is unknown. This study presents data on the national registry of hemoglobinopathies of patients with thalassemia major (TM), thalassemia intermedia (TI), and sickle cell disease (SCD) in Spain created in 2014. Fifty centers reported cases retrospectively. Data were registered from neonatal screening or from the first contact at diagnosis until last follow-up or death. Data of the 715 eligible patients were collected: 615 SCD (497 SS, 64 SC, 54 SBeta phenotypes), 73 thalassemia, 9 CC phenotype, and 18 other variants. Most of the SCD patients were born in Spain (65%), and 51% of these were diagnosed at newborn screening. Median age at the first diagnosis was 0.4 years for thalassemia and 1.0 years for SCD. The estimated incidence was 0.002 thalassemia cases and 0.03 SCD cases/1,000 live births. Median age was 8.9 years (0.2-33.7) for thalassemia and 8.1 years (0.2-32.8) for SCD patients. Stroke was registered in 16 SCD cases. Transplantation was performed in 43 TM and 23 SCD patients at a median age of 5.2 and 7.8 years, respectively. Twenty-one patients died (3 TM, 17 SCD, 1 CC) and 200 were lost to follow-up. Causes of death were related to transplantation in three patients with TM and three patients with SCD. Death did not seem to be associated with SCD in six patients, but nine patients died secondary to disease complications. Overall survival was 95% at 15 years of age. The registry provides data about the prevalence of hemoglobinopathies in Spain and will permit future cohort studies and the possibility of comparison with other registries. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

  18. Immigration and labor productivity: New empirical evidence for Spain

    OpenAIRE

    Nicodemo, Catia

    2013-01-01

    The purpose of this paper of this paper is to explore the immigration and productivity in Spain. We estimate the effect of immigration on labor productivity from 2004 until 2008 for Spain. Using firms (SABI) and individuals data (Social Security Records) we calculate the effect by sector and municipality for the two big Spanish provinces that have received most immigrants in the last decade: Barcelona and Madrid. After controlling for endogeneity of immigration, the results demonstrate that i...

  19. Tangible fixed assets For SME: Portuguese and Spain evidence

    OpenAIRE

    Marques, Maria Lúcia; Abreu, Rute; Pérez-López, J. A.

    2015-01-01

    The problem statement of this research is the application level of IAS 16 - Property, Plant and Equipment in SMEs provide by SME in Portugal and Spain. Indeed, the purpose of the research is comparing the accounting framework of IAS 16 - Property, Plant and Equipment in SME in Portugal and Spain. Also, it considers the information disclosure, conduct annually by the SME in both countries, comparing their similarities and differences. The methodology a used descriptive, pilot and explanatory a...

  20. Courses and syllabus: the situation in Spain

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Iranzo, E.

    1989-01-01

    The regulation covering radioactive and nuclear installations classifies workers operating such installations as operators or supervisors. Operators are persons who, working directly under a supervisor, handle the installation operational equipment and which have a bearing on nuclear safety or protection against radiation. Supervisors are persons directing the operations of a radioactive or nuclear installation and operator activities. The study deals with the courses given in Spain which qualify operators and supervisors in industrial radioactive installations as permit holders, as well as the courses currently being run for persons engaged in the transport of radioactive materials. Spain regulations covering transport of dangerous goods are based on separate Royal Decrees dealing with road and air transport respectively

  1. The collection of the Herpetological Museum of the University of Antioquia (northwestern Colombia)

    OpenAIRE

    Ortiz-Yusty,Carlos; Daza,Juan; Paez,Vivian; Bock,Brian

    2015-01-01

    Abstract Northwestern South America harbors one of the richest herpetofauna in the world. The connection among several biogeographic provinces along with climatic and orographic complexity makes this region an important contributor to the Neotropical biodiversity. Despite of this importance, the amphibian and reptile fauna in this area remains largely unknown as few herpetological collections has been made in recent decades. Motivated by this, the Herpetological Museum at the Universidad de A...

  2. Renewable Energy Policy Fact sheet - Spain

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    2017-07-01

    The EurObserv'ER policy profiles give a snapshot of the renewable energy policy in the EU Member States. On October 2015, a new support scheme (the 'Regimen Retributivo Especifico') was established in Spain. The aim was to grant a specific remuneration regime for new biomass plants located in the mainland electricity system and for wind energy plants. The allocation of the referred specific remuneration regime has been done through a competitive call for tenders. A tax regulation mechanism for investments related to RESE plants is in place. There is a tax credit for solar thermal and for bio-fuels in transport. Furthermore a quota system for bio-fuels is in place. RES-E operators are entitled to grid connection, priority dispatch against the grid operator. Currently no support schemes for RES-H and C are in place in Spain

  3. Os sacrifícios da carne: a morte do gado e a produção dos banquetes nas folias de Urucuia, MG

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Luzimar Paulo Pereira

    2012-01-01

    Full Text Available A morte do gado nas folias de Urucuia é um processo sacrificial e como tal realiza um duplo movimento de sacralização: de um lado, o boi é envolto por uma aura sagrada que o transforma em propriedade dos santos; de outro, suas carnes oferecidas em banquete comunicam de "cima para baixo" os poderes sagrados associados à entidade religiosa. Neste artigo, estudo os mecanismos responsáveis pela constituição da unidade sacrificial a partir das operações simbólicas ascendentes e descendentes relativas aos bois e à comida festiva. A totalidade do sacrifício se constrói a partir da ideia de carne de gado. Entidade liminar entre o animal vivo e o alimento pronto, ela realiza as mediações entre os planos naturais, sociais e sobrenaturais mobilizados durante os festejos.

  4. Spain

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    2001-01-01

    Spanish low and intermediate level radioactive wastes are disposed of at the El Cabril Disposal Facility, in the province of Cordoba (SPAIN). The fundamental safety objective of the facility consists of the immediate and longer term protection of people and the environment. This objective leads to the need to isolate the wastes from the human surroundings, such that any release of the radionuclides contained in them does not pose any radiological risk for either people or the environment over the necessary time period. Consequently, it is necessary to fully protect the wastes against external aggression, from both the climatic and biological point of view (infiltration of water, temperature variations, chemical action of water, attacks by living macro and microorganisms, plants, etc.). This waste isolation is achieved by means of a multi-barrier system separating the activity stored from the aforementioned actions

  5. Household-Level Determinants of Soil and Water Conservation Adoption Phases: Evidence from North-Western Ethiopian Highlands

    NARCIS (Netherlands)

    Teshome, Akalu; Graaff, de J.; Kassie, M.

    2016-01-01

    Soil and water conservation (SWC) practices have been promoted in the highlands of Ethiopia during the last four decades. However, the level of adoption of SWC practices varies greatly. This paper examines the drivers of different stages of adoption of SWC technologies in the north-western highlands

  6. Demand for storage of natural gas in northwestern Europe: Trends 2005-30

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Hoeffler, Felix; Kuebler, Madjid

    2007-01-01

    We provide an estimation of the additional need for underground storage facilities in northwestern Europe until 2030. Storage is one important source to provide supply flexibility in order to match the seasonal demand for natural gas. However, this supply flexibility is now largely provided in northwestern Europe by indigenous production. Declining reserves will increase the dependency on imports from far-off sources, which are less flexible. Hence, flexibility must be provided by additional storage. Our estimation is based on production and consumption forecasts for natural gas and observations of the relationship between the supply and demand of gas and the supply and demand of flexibility in the period 1995-2005. We provide different scenarios to check for the robustness of our results. We estimate that by 2030, between 10.2 (with no strategic storage) and 29.0 billion cubic meters (BCM) of working gas volume (with 10 percent strategic storage for imports from non-EU countries) will be required, in addition to the existing 40 BCM. We conclude that, with well-functioning markets for flexibility, market forces could close a storage gap of 10.2 BCM in time. Strategic storage obligations would require state intervention and a well-balanced relation between a regulated part of the storage market for strategic reserves and the market for the operational use of storage

  7. Seasonal variation and chemical characterization of PM2.5 in northwestern Philippines

    Science.gov (United States)

    Bagtasa, Gerry; Cayetano, Mylene G.; Yuan, Chung-Shin

    2018-04-01

    The seasonal and chemical characteristics of fine particulate matter (PM2.5) were investigated in Burgos, Ilocos Norte, located at the northwestern edge of the Philippines. Each 24 h sample of fine aerosol was collected for four seasons. Fine particulate in the region shows strong seasonal variation in both concentration and composition. Highest mass concentration was seen during the boreal spring season with a mean mass concentration of 21.6 ± 6.6 µg m-3, and lowest was in fall with a mean concentration of 8.4 ± 2.3 µg m-3. Three-day wind back trajectory analysis of air mass reveals the influence of the northwestern Pacific monsoon regimes on PM2.5 concentration. During southwest monsoon, sea salt was the dominant component of fine aerosols carried by moist air from the South China Sea. During northeast monsoon, on the other hand, both wind and receptor model analysis showed that higher particulate concentration was due to the long-range transport (LRT) of anthropogenic emissions from northern East Asia. Overall, sea salt and soil comprise 33 % of total PM2.5 concentration, while local biomass burning makes up 33 %. LRT of industrial emission, solid waste burning and secondary sulfate from East Asia have a mean contribution of 34 % to the total fine particulate for the whole sampling period.

  8. Welfare inequality, regionalisation, and welfare policy : measurement and analysis for Spain

    NARCIS (Netherlands)

    Quadrado, L.

    1999-01-01

    This study is focused on the changes in regional inequality in Spain over the last four decades, with emphasis on regional welfare. The two most important items of welfare in Spain are, health and education, and so these are the main focus of this study. Attention is paid to the levels and

  9. Wind turbines in Spain: la vuelta

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Jeanson, E.; Trancart, M.

    2000-01-01

    Ten years ago it was just the beginning of the wind industry in Spain. Today it takes the third place in Europe and the fourth in the world. The pilot regions are the Galicia and the Navarre. (A.L.B.)

  10. Eating out in Spain: Motivations, sociability and consumer contexts.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Díaz-Méndez, Cecilia; García-Espejo, Isabel

    2017-12-01

    Eating out is a consumer practice which is difficult to define. The study of this practice has traditionally been based on the work/leisure dichotomy. However, in Spain this is not so clear. If we analyse profiles, motivations, places and relationships, we discover an eating-out food model which is specific to Spain and in which food is not limited by this dual link with work and leisure. Eating linked to work does not respond only to instrumental needs. Leisure eating is not always a choice based on preference. Both contain a strong element of sociability which acts as a motivator and are linked to the familisme of Spanish society, whilst at the same time de-routinizing daily life, both at home and at work. This study is based on a national survey carried out in 2014 and helps to understand this consumer practice and those elements which are specific to Spain. Copyright © 2017 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

  11. The Situation of Open Access Institutional Repositories in Spain: 2009 Report

    Science.gov (United States)

    Melero, Remedios; Abadal, Ernest; Abad, Francisca; Rodriguez-Gairin, Josep Manel

    2009-01-01

    Introduction: The DRIVER I project drew up a detailed report of European repositories based on data gathered in a survey in which Spain's participation was very low. This created a highly distorted image of the implementation of repositories in Spain. This study aims to analyse the current state of Spanish open-access institutional repositories…

  12. Bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) genetic diversity in Spain: A review

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Diéguez, F.J.; Cerviño, M.; Yus, E.

    2017-01-01

    Bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV), a member of the genus Pestivirus of the family Flaviviridae, causes significant losses in cattle farming worldwide because of reduced milk production, increased mortality of young animals and reproductive, respiratory and intestinal problems. The virus is characterized by an important genetic, and consequently antigenic and pathogenic diversity. Knowing the variability of viral strains present in a population provides valuable information, particularly relevant for control programs development, vaccination recommendations and even identification of likely infection sources. Such information is therefore important at both local and regional levels. This review focuses on the genetic diversity of BVDV isolates infecting cattle in Spain over the last years. According to the published data, the most prevalent BVDV group in Spain was 1b, and to a lesser extent 1d, 1e and 1f. Besides, BVDV-2 has also been found in Spain with several ratified isolates. The studies carried out in Spain also showed increased genetic heterogeneity of BVDV strains, possibly due to a more intensive use of analytical tools available, presenting studies with increasingly greater sample sizes.

  13. Bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) genetic diversity in Spain: A review

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Diéguez, F.J.; Cerviño, M.; Yus, E.

    2017-07-01

    Bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV), a member of the genus Pestivirus of the family Flaviviridae, causes significant losses in cattle farming worldwide because of reduced milk production, increased mortality of young animals and reproductive, respiratory and intestinal problems. The virus is characterized by an important genetic, and consequently antigenic and pathogenic diversity. Knowing the variability of viral strains present in a population provides valuable information, particularly relevant for control programs development, vaccination recommendations and even identification of likely infection sources. Such information is therefore important at both local and regional levels. This review focuses on the genetic diversity of BVDV isolates infecting cattle in Spain over the last years. According to the published data, the most prevalent BVDV group in Spain was 1b, and to a lesser extent 1d, 1e and 1f. Besides, BVDV-2 has also been found in Spain with several ratified isolates. The studies carried out in Spain also showed increased genetic heterogeneity of BVDV strains, possibly due to a more intensive use of analytical tools available, presenting studies with increasingly greater sample sizes.

  14. El sentir enfermero ante la muerte de un ser querido O sentir enfermeiro ante a morte de um ser querido Feeling nurse after the passing of a loved one

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Alba Rosa Fernández

    2010-07-01

    Full Text Available Con 14 años de egresada de la universidad como enfermera, la autora experimentó el sufrimiento, la tristeza, la pérdida y la incertidumbre ante la enfermedad y muerte de un ser querido. El conocimiento y la práctica adquiridos en su vida profesional no fueron suficientes para enfrentar estos sentimientos, que se transformaron en dolor, culpa y no aceptación de la realidad. A partir de la experiencia personal reconstruyó el sentir enfermero ante la muerte de su madre: esa una mujer menuda pero de gran carácter y con mucha fortaleza, que con solo tenía 54 años de edad se enfrentaba a un cáncer terminal. La impotencia en el actuar ante la enfermedad, la pérdida, el duelo, la negación, el enojo, la depresión, la aceptación y la muerte le hicieron comprender el papel de enfermería en situaciones críticas y que comprometen a seres queridos.Com 14 anos de formada da universidade como enfermeira, a autora experimentou o sofrimento, a tristeza, a perda e a incerteza ante a doença e morte de um ser querido. O conhecimento e a prática adquiridos em sua vida profissional não foram suficientes para enfrentar estes sentimentos, que se transformaram em dor, culpa e não aceitação da realidade. A partir da experiência pessoal reconstruiu o sentir enfermeiro ante a morte de sua mãe: essa uma mulher miúda mas, de grande caráter e com muita fortaleza, que com só tinha 54 anos de idade se enfrentava a um câncer terminal. A impotência no atuar ante a doença, a perda, o duelo, a negação, o agastamento, a depressão, a aceitação e a morte lhe fizeram compreender o papel de enfermaria em situações críticas e que comprometem a seres queridos.With 14 years of university graduate as a nurse, the author experienced the pain, sorrow, loss, and uncertainty in illness and death of a loved one. Knowledge and experience gotten in her professional life were not enough to face these feelings which became pain, guilt, and reality denial. From

  15. THE POLLUTION OF THE BOTTOM SEDIMENTSIN THE NORTH-WESTERN PART OF THE CASPIAN SEA HYDROCARBONS AND PERSISTENT ORGANIC POLLUTANTS

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    E. V. Ostrovskaya

    2014-01-01

    Full Text Available Aim. The pollution of the bottom sediments in the north-western part of the Caspian sea hydrocarbons and persistent organic pollutants. Location.Caspian Sea. Methods. The materials for this article is based on the results of monitoring conducted in 2012-2013 years. Results. Sediments in the north-western part of the Caspian Sea as a whole slightly contaminated YV and SOZ, although localized areas of high pollution are marked, especially characteristic of the Middle Caspian. Mainconclusions.The studies were showed, PAY in the sediments are mixed genesis, but most of them, in all probability, were petroleum origin. The not weathered hydrocarbons are presented in sediments, which indicates to the presence of the local sources of the fresh oil pollution on the surveyed area.

  16. Geomorphological context of the basins of Northwestern Peninsular Malaysia

    Science.gov (United States)

    Sautter, Benjamin; Pubellier, Manuel; Menier, David

    2014-05-01

    Geomorphological context of the basins of Northwestern Peninsular Malaysia Benjamin Sautter, Manuel Pubellier, David Menier Department of Petroleum Geosciences, Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS CNRS-UMR 8538, Ecole Normale Supérieure, 24, Rue Lhomond, 75231, Paris Cedex 05, France Petroleum basins of Western Malaysia are poorly known and their formation is controlled by the Tertiary stress variations applied on Mesozoic basement structures. Among these are the Paleozoic-Mesozoic Bentong Raub, Inthanon, and Nan suture zones. By the end of Mesozoic times, the arrival of Indian plate was accompanied by strike slip deformation, accommodated by several Major Faults (Sagaing, Three Pagodas, Mae Ping, Red River, Ranong and Klong Marui Faults). Due to changes in the boundary forces, these areas of weakness (faults) were reactivated during the Tertiary, leading to the opening of basins in most of Sundaland. Within this framework, while most of the Sundaland records stretching of the crust and opening of basins (SCS, Malay, Penyu, Natuna, Mergui) during the Cenozoics, Peninsular Malaysia and the Strait of Malacca are considered to be in tectonic quiescence by most of the authors. We present the geomorphology of the Northwestern Malaysia Peninsula with emphasis on the deformations onshore from the Bentong Raub Suture Zone to the Bok Bak Fault, via the Kinta Valley, and offshore from the Port Klang Graben to the North Penang Graben. By analyzing Digital Elevation Model from ASTER and SRTM data, two main directions of fractures in the granitic plutons are highlighted: NW-SE to W-E sigmoidal faults and N-S to NE-SW linear fractures which seem to cross-cut the others. In the field in the area of the Kinta Valley (Western Belt, NW Peninsular Malaysia), granitic bodies show intense fracturation reflecting several stages of deformation. The granites are generally syntectonic and do not cut fully across the Late Paleozoic platform limestone. Two sets of fractures (NW-SE and NE

  17. Convergences and Divergences between Financial Reporting Systems of Romania and Spain

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Laptes R.

    2014-12-01

    Full Text Available The main objective of this paper is to perform a comparative study regarding the theory and practice of financial statements in Romania and Spain. To achieve this goal, we performed a documentary research of the main papers of this area and of the applicable accounting regulations from Romania and Spain, research that allowed us to identify convergences and divergences about financial statements in both countries. The main conclusion of this study is that, while Romania experiences improving its financial reporting system by conformism, respectively by assigning through legislation forms adapted to European accounting regulations, Spain chooses a flexible development, trying to realize a complete presentation of the accounting information published in the annual financial statements.

  18. ALPINE MAGMATIC-METALLOGENIC FORMATIONS OF THE NORTHWESTERN AND CENTRAL DINARIDES

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Jakob Pamić

    1997-12-01

    Full Text Available In the paper are presented basic geological, petrologieca1, geochemi-cal and mineral deposit data for five main magmatic-metallogenic formations of the northwestern and central Dinarides: (lThe Permo Triassic rifting related andesite-diorite formations; (2 The Jurassic-Lower Cretaceous accretionary (ophiolite formations; (3 The Upper Cretaceous-Paleogene subduction related basalt-rhyohite formations; (4 The Paleogene collisional granite formations, and (5 The Oligo-cene-Neogene postsubduction andesite formations. All these magmatic-metallogenic formations originated in different geotectonic settings during the Alpine evolution of the Dinaridic parts of thc Tethys and the postorogenic evolution of the Paratethys and the Pannonian Basin, respectively.

  19. Validation of Collett-Lester's Fear of Death Scale in a sample of nursing students Validación de la Escala de Miedo a la Muerte de Collett-Lester en una muestra de estudiantes de Enfermería Validação de Escala de Medo da Morte de Collett-Lester em uma amostra de estudantes de enfermagem

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Maritza Espinoza Venegas

    2011-10-01

    subescalas en la muestra estudiada.O objetivo do presente trabalho foi avaliar as características psicométricas da Escala de Medo da Morte de Collett-Lester. A amostra foi composta por 349 estudantes de enfermagem que responderam às perguntas das Escalas de Medo da Morte e de Atitude diante da Morte. A validade de conteúdo foi realizada por revisão de experts; a confiabilidade foi verificada pelo coeficiente alfa de Cronbach e averiguada pela análise estatística dos elementos e correlação entre elementos e validade de construto, através da correlação da escala com a Escala de Atitude diante da Morte. Através da análise fatorial com rotação Varimax, revisou-se a multidimensionalidade da escala. A Escala Medo da Morte tem boa consistência interna e validade de construto, confirmada pela correlação significativa com a Escala de Atitude diante da Morte. A análise fatorial apoia parcialmente a validade do conteúdo dos itens das subescalas, apresentando, porém, estrutura multidimensional adicional que orienta para a reconceituação das subescalas na amostra estudada.

  20. CRED Gridded Bathymetry of Twin Banks and Northwest Nihoa Island (100-024) in the Northwestern Hawaiian Islands

    Data.gov (United States)

    National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Department of Commerce — File 100-024b is a 60-m ASCII grid of depth data collected near Twin Banks NW Nihoa in the Northwestern Hawaiian Islands as of May 2003. This grid has been produced...

  1. Ethnobotanical study of medicinal plants used by people in Zegie Peninsula, Northwestern Ethiopia

    OpenAIRE

    Giday Mirutse; Teklehaymanot Tilahun

    2007-01-01

    Abstract An ethnobotanical study was conducted from October 2005 to June 2006 to investigate the uses of medicinal plants by people in Zegie Peninsula, northwestern Ethiopia. Information was gathered from 200 people: 70 female and 130 males, using semistructured questionnaire. Of which, six were male local healers. The informants, except the healers, were selected randomly and no appointment was made prior to the visits. Informant consensus factor (ICF) for category of aliments and the fideli...

  2. Rifting and thermal evolution of the Northwestern Mediterranean

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    P. Chiozzi

    1995-06-01

    Full Text Available The structural setting of the Northwestern Mediterranean stems from tectonothermal processes which reflect on the nature of the crust. The Oligocene to Present evolution is here analysed with a thermal model which takes into account the significant extension of the continentallithosphere before the onset of sea-floor spread- ing in the bathyal zone. Subsidence data were used to set the boundaries of the oceanic realm which was com- pared with previous reconstructions inferred from other geophysical evidence. The thermal features of the transitional crust that lies between the oceanic crust and the stretched continental margins were also outlined. The Ligurian-Proven~al basin is a marginaI basin, whereas only the continental crust is expected in the Valen- cia trough. An evolutionary sketch of the study area that accounts for the observed subsidence and heat flux is proposed.

  3. Palm harvest impacts in north-western South America

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Balslev, Henrik

    2011-01-01

    Tropical forests harbor thousands of useful plants that are harvested and used in subsistence economies or traded in local, regional or international markets. The effect on the ecosystem is little known, and the forests resilience is badly understood. Palms are the most useful group of plants...... in tropical American forests. This paper introduces a cross-disciplinary study of the effects of harvesting palm products from the tropical forests in north-western South America. The size of the resource is estimated through palm community studies in the different forest formations that determines the number...... of species and individuals of all palm species. The genetic structure of useful palm species is studied to determine how much harvesting of the species contributes to genetic erosion of its populations, and whether extraction can be made without harm. Almost all palm species are used in rural communities...

  4. Training in breast surgery in Spain.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Miguelena, José M; Domínguez Cunchillos, Fernando

    2016-01-01

    Breast surgery is a key part of training and competency in general surgery in Spain and is a "frontier area" that can be efficiently managed by general surgeons and gynecologists. The main objective of the training process consists of the surgical treatment of breast cancer, including conservative surgery, oncoplastic and reconstructive techniques. This article analyses the current status of breast surgery training in Spain and schematically proposes potential targets of the different training programs, to improve access and training for surgeons and residents in this area, taking into account the RD 639/2014 and European regulation. The priority is to specify the level of training that should be achieved, in relation to the group of professionals involved, considering their area of competency: surgery resident, educational programs, and surgeons with special dedication to this area. Copyright © 2016 AEC. Publicado por Elsevier España, S.L.U. All rights reserved.

  5. Semi-detailed uranium geochemical survey in Northwestern Samar (27 March 1979 - 4 July 1979)

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Santos, G. Jr.; Ogena, M.; Tauli, G.

    1980-04-01

    A uranium geochemical survey was conducted to delineate in detail the uranium prospective area(s) in northwestern Samar. A total of 805 stream sediments and 1.115 water samples were obtained from the target areas from uranium analysis. Geochemical anomalies were indicated in San Isidro and Mauo. Geochemical correlations between uranium and trace elements (Pb, Ag, Ni, Cu, Co, Zn and Mn) were generally poor. (ELC)

  6. The labour trajectories of immigrant women in Spain: Are there signs of upward social mobility?

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Elena Vidal-Coso

    2014-08-01

    Full Text Available Background: In Spain, foreign-born women are disproportionately employed in housework or care work, and quantitative research has shown that female migrants are disadvantaged relative to male migrants in the occupational status of their first job in Spain. However, the process that created this female penalty has not yet been explored. Objective: In this paper, we focus on female occupational mobility at migration and during settlement in Spain. First, we compare female and male labour mobility at migration. Second, we identify the main socio-demographic factors which increase the likelihood that the first job a foreign-born woman holds in Spain will be as a cleaner or a domestic worker. Third, we investigate female labour mobility from the time of migration, particularly trajectories that lead away from the cleaning and domestic occupations, and consider the importance of the assimilation process in occupational mobility. Methods: We apply quantitative methods to Spain's 2007 National Immigrant Survey (Encuesta Nacional de Inmigrantes, using descriptive (mobility matrixes and simple and multinomial logistic regression analyses. We include the main socio-demographic, family, and migratory characteristics of immigrants in the explanatory models. Results: The results of our analysis revealed that female migrants to Spain are more likely than their male counterparts to experience occupational downgrading at the time of migration, and that 41.6Š of women work in domestic services in their first job in Spain. Finally, our results have demonstrated that, although occupational immobility is common among female migrants in Spain, movement out of domestic services is possible, especially for the most assimilated immigrant women. Conclusions: This paper contextualises female immigration in Spain, attributing the labour market choices made by female migrants to the externalisation of domestic and cleaning occupations in private households, and to the

  7. Influenza-A viruses in ducks in northwestern Minnesota: fine scale spatial and temporal variation in prevalence and subtype diversity

    Data.gov (United States)

    Department of the Interior — Waterfowl from northwestern Minnesota were sampled by cloacal swabbing for Avian Influenza Virus (AIV) from July – October in 2007 and 2008. AIV was detected in 222...

  8. Ecological compensation and Environmental Impact Assessment in Spain

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Villarroya, Ana; Puig, Jordi

    2010-01-01

    To achieve meaningful sustainable development, Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) should avoid the net losses in the environment resource base. But EIA practice does not always avoid the losses caused by the implementation of the projects under EIA regulation. Some environmental impacts are, simply, admitted, even without enforcing any form of compensation. When applied, compensation is sometimes just a monetary payment to offset the environmental loss. This paper looks for evidence on the role that compensation is given at present in EIA practice in Spain, and for some of its conceptual and regulatory roots. Specifically, it explores how compensation is addressed in 1302 records of decision (RODs) on those projects subject to the Spanish EIA regulation published during the years 2006 and 2007, to know how far Spain is from preserving the environmental resource base managed through this particular aspect of EIA practice. As a result, it is concluded that the practice of ecological compensation in EIA in Spain is much lower than it could be expected in a theoretical sustainability context committed to avoid net losses in the environment resource base, mainly due to an EIA practice focused on on-site mitigation that allows these net losses.

  9. Snakebite poisoning in Spain.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Martín-Sierra, Cristina; Nogué-Xarau, Santiago; Pinillos Echeverría, Miguel Ángel; Rey Pecharromán, José Miguel

    2018-01-01

    Emergencies due to snakebites, although unusual in Spain, are potentially serious. Of the 13 species native to the Iberian peninsula, only 5 are poisonous: 2 belong to the Colubridae family and 3 to the Viperidae family. Bites from these venemous snakes can be life-threatening, but the venomous species can be easily identified by attending to certain physical traits. Signs denoting poisoning from vipers, and the appropriate treatment to follow, have changed in recent years.

  10. Long-term survey of heavy-metal pollution, biofilm contamination and diatom community structure in the Riou Mort watershed, South-West France

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Morin, S.; Duong, T.T.; Dabrin, A.; Coynel, A.; Herlory, O.; Baudrimont, M.; Delmas, F.; Durrieu, G.; Schaefer, J.; Winterton, P.; Blanc, G.; Coste, M.

    2008-01-01

    In a metal-polluted stream in the Riou Mort watershed in SW France, periphytic biofilm was analyzed for diatom cell densities and taxonomic composition, dry weight and metal bio-accumulation (cadmium and zinc). Periphytic diatom communities were affected by the metal but displayed induced tolerance, seen through structural impact (dominance of small, adnate species) as well as morphological abnormalities particularly in the genera Ulnaria and Fragilaria. Species assemblages were characterized by taxa known to occur in metal-polluted environments, and shifts in the community structure expressed seasonal patterns: high numbers of Eolimna minima, Nitzschia palea and Pinnularia parvulissima were recorded in Summer and Autumn, whereas the species Surirella brebissonii, Achnanthidium minutissimum, Navicula lanceolata and Surirella angusta were dominant in Winter and Spring. Commonly used indices such as the Shannon diversity index and Specific Pollution Sensitivity Index reflected the level of pollution and suggest seasonal periodicity, the lowest diversities being observed in Summer. - Periphytic biofilm diatom communities are suitable indicators for the bioassay of elevated levels of metals in contaminated river water

  11. Uneven chances of breastfeeding in Spain

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Río Isabel

    2012-12-01

    Full Text Available Abstract Background No large scale studies on breastfeeding onset patterns have been carried out in Spain. This work aims to explore the prevalence and the risk factors for not initiating breastfeeding in hospitals from Catalonia (CAT and Valencia (V, two regions accounting approximately for 30% of the annual births in Spain. Methods The prevalence of not initiating breastfeeding was calculated by maternal/neonatal characteristics and type of hospital, and logistic regression models were used to estimate crude and adjusted risks of not breastfeeding in each region. Results Prevalence of breastfeeding initiation was 81.7% and 82.5% in Catalonia and Valencia, respectively. We identified conspicuous regional differences in the adjusted-risk of not breastfeeding, especially for multiple [CAT = 3.12 (95% CI: 2.93, 3.31, V = 2.44 (95% CI: 2.23, 2.67] and preterm and low birth weight deliveries [very preterm and very low birth weight: CAT = 7.61 (95% CI: 6.50, 8.92, V = 4.03 (95% CI: 3.13, 5.19; moderate preterm and moderate low birth weight: CAT = 4.28 (95% CI: 4.01, 4.57, V = 2.55 (95% CI:2.34, 2.79]. Conclusions Our results suggest the existence of regional variations in breastfeeding initiation in Spain. Taking into account the known short and long-term benefits of breastfeeding it is recommended that further research should explore these differences in order to prevent potential inequities in neonatal, child and adult health.

  12. Approaches to Open Data for Science in Spain

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    E Wulff-Barreiro

    2011-10-01

    Full Text Available As observational data has attained new legal status, allowing their integration into open Internet systems, and experimental data continues to be assembled in common and free platforms, state of the art, easy to access data repositories have been designed in Spain. These repositories have removed many obstacles to re-utilization of GIS and other data. European legislation has also made advances in opening biodiversity data, including a European space in the Latin-American grid infrastructure. Open access biomedical repositories attract commercial attention while astronomical, meteorological, and oncological institutions promote data quality and access. This paper describes recent approaches to open access data for science in Spain.

  13. Psychoanalysis and the transition to democracy in Spain.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Druet, Anne-Cécile

    2017-11-01

    This article studies the links between psychoanalysis and the transition to democracy in Spain. It examines the major changes that characterized the spread of psychoanalysis in the years after Franco's death, in particular the rise of the Lacanian movement, the impact of this phenomenon on the sociocultural sphere and, in broader terms, its role in the re-emergence of psychoanalysis as a cultural object in the country. The article also analyzes factors linked to the history of psychoanalysis during the Franco dictatorship; factors that, together with the arrival of Oscar Masotta and numerous Argentinian analysts in Spain, help explain the new vision of the field that emerged during the transition.

  14. Reconstruction of burial history, temperature, source rock maturity and hydrocarbon generation in the northwestern Dutch offshore

    NARCIS (Netherlands)

    Abdul Fattah, R.; Verweij, J.M.; Witmans, N.; Veen, J.H. ten

    2012-01-01

    3D basin modelling is used to investigate the history of maturation and hydrocarbon generation on the main platforms in the northwestern part of the offshore area of the Netherlands. The study area covers the Cleaverbank and Elbow Spit Platforms. Recently compiled maps and data are used to build the

  15. Perfis de causas múltiplas de morte relacionadas ao HIV/AIDS nos municípios de São Paulo e Santos, Brasil, 2001 Profiles of multiple causes of death related to HIV/AIDS in the cities of São Paulo and Santos, Brazil, 2001

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Claudia Cristina de Aguiar Pereira

    2007-03-01

    Full Text Available Após a introdução da terapia anti-retroviral de alta potência (TARV, o perfil da morbimortalidade relacionada ao HIV alterou-se, passando de óbitos causados por doenças oportunistas para quadros mórbido-crônicos de doenças "pré-AIDS", ou não definidoras de AIDS, causadas pelos efeitos adversos da terapia. Investigou-se a mortalidade relacionada ao HIV/AIDS através das causas múltiplas de morte, utilizando-se as declarações de óbito de residentes nos municípios de São Paulo e Santos, Brasil, que faleceram de causas relacionadas à doença pelo HIV em 2001. Utilizou-se o método Grade of Membership (GoM, que possibilitou criar perfis de causas de morte. Foram encontrados três perfis de mortalidade: o primeiro, relacionado às causas de morte identificadas no período pré-TARV, com predominância de doenças oportunistas; no segundo, houve uma mistura de características do período pré e pós-TARV; o terceiro perfil, residual, não contemplou a doença pelo HIV, mas incorporou grupos de causas de morte associadas aos períodos pré e pós-TARV. Espera-se que este estudo contribua para a elaboração de políticas direcionadas à adequação dos serviços de saúde ao novo cenário de morbimortalidade relacionada ao HIV.Following the introduction of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART, the HIV-related morbidity-mortality profile has changed. Opportunistic infections are not as prevalent as before, and "pre-AIDS" diseases have become more common, related mostly to the side effects of HAART. This study focused on HIV/AIDS-related mortality, based on multiple causes of death among individuals who died of HIV-related causes in the cities of São Paulo and Santos, Brazil, in 2001. Grade of Membership (GoM analysis was used. Three mortality profiles were detected: (1 causes of death normally observed before the introduction of HAART, marked by opportunistic infections; (2 causes of death with mixed characteristics, both pre

  16. Recent Climate Changes in Northwestern Qaidam Basin Inferred from Geothermal Gradients

    Science.gov (United States)

    Liu, J.; Zhang, T.

    2014-12-01

    Temperature perturbations under the ground surface are direct thermal response to ground surface temperature changes. Thus ground surface temperature history can be reconstructed from borehole temperature measurements using borehole paleothermometry inversion method. In this study, we use seven borehole temperature profiles to reconstruct the ground surface temperature variation of the past 500 years of the Qaidam basin, northwestern China. Borehole transient temperature measurement from seven sites in northwestern Qaidam basin were separated from geothermal gradients and analyzed by functional space inversion method to determine past ground surface temperature variations in this region. All temperature profiles show the effects of recent climatic disturbances. Inversion shows an overall increase in ground surface temperature by an averaged 1.2℃ (-0.11~2.21℃) during the last 500 years. Clear signs of a cold period between 1500 and 1900 A.D., corresponding to the Little Ice Age, have been found. Its coldest period was between 1780~1790 A.D. with the ground surface temperature of 5.4℃. During the 19th and the 20th century, reconstructed ground surface temperature shows a rising trend, and in the late 20th century, the temperature started to decrease. However, the highest temperature in 1990s broke the record of the past 500 years. This reconstructed past ground surface temperature variation is verified by the simulated annual surface air temperature computed by EdGCM and the cooling trend is also confirmed by other reconstruction of winter half year minimum temperatures using tree rings on the northeastern Tibetan Plateau.

  17. Environmental variability and chum salmon production at the northwestern Pacific Ocean

    Science.gov (United States)

    Kim, Suam; Kang, Sukyung; Kim, Ju Kyoung; Bang, Minkyoung

    2017-12-01

    Chum salmon, Oncorhynchus keta, are distributed widely in the North Pacific Ocean, and about 76% of chum salmon were caught from Russian, Japanese, and Korean waters of the northwestern Pacific Ocean during the last 20 years. Although it has been speculated that the recent increase in salmon production was aided by not only the enhancement program that targeted chum salmon but also by favorable ocean conditions since the early 1990s, the ecological processes for determining the yield of salmon have not been clearly delineated. To investigate the relationship between yield and the controlling factors for ocean survival of chum salmon, a time-series of climate indices, seawater temperature, and prey availability in the northwestern Pacific including Korean waters were analyzed using some statistical tools. The results of cross-correlation function (CCF) analysis and cumulative sum (CuSum) of anomalies indicated that there were significant environmental changes in the North Pacific during the last century, and each regional stock of chum salmon responded to the Pacific Decadal Oscillation (PDO) differently: for Russian stock, the correlations between PDO index and catch were significantly negative with a time-lag of 0 and 1 years; for Japanese stock, significantly positive with a timelag of 0-2 years; and for Korean stock, positive but no significant correlation. The results of statistical analyses with Korean chum salmon also revealed that a coastal seawater temperature over 14°C and the return rate of spawning adults to the natal river produced a significant negative correlation.

  18. Macroeconomic impact of the Solar Thermal Electricity Industry in Spain

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    NONE

    2011-10-15

    In the last three years, Solar Thermal Electricity (STE) in Spain has grown significantly. Its weight within the renewables mix is becoming relevant, and even more so, its impact on economics, society, the environment, and reducing energy dependence. This report was carried out by Deloitte for Protermosolar to quantitatively and qualitatively evaluate the main macroeconomic variables derived from the development of this technology in Spain from 2008 to 2010, and forecast its possible future impact.

  19. Population-based multicase-control study in common tumors in Spain (MCC-Spain): rationale and study design.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Castaño-Vinyals, Gemma; Aragonés, Nuria; Pérez-Gómez, Beatriz; Martín, Vicente; Llorca, Javier; Moreno, Victor; Altzibar, Jone M; Ardanaz, Eva; de Sanjosé, Sílvia; Jiménez-Moleón, José Juan; Tardón, Adonina; Alguacil, Juan; Peiró, Rosana; Marcos-Gragera, Rafael; Navarro, Carmen; Pollán, Marina; Kogevinas, Manolis

    2015-01-01

    We present the protocol of a large population-based case-control study of 5 common tumors in Spain (MCC-Spain) that evaluates environmental exposures and genetic factors. Between 2008-2013, 10,183 persons aged 20-85 years were enrolled in 23 hospitals and primary care centres in 12 Spanish provinces including 1,115 cases of a new diagnosis of prostate cancer, 1,750 of breast cancer, 2,171 of colorectal cancer, 492 of gastro-oesophageal cancer, 554 cases of chronic lymphocytic leukaemia (CLL) and 4,101 population-based controls matched by frequency to cases by age, sex and region of residence. Participation rates ranged from 57% (stomach cancer) to 87% (CLL cases) and from 30% to 77% in controls. Participants completed a face-to-face computerized interview on sociodemographic factors, environmental exposures, occupation, medication, lifestyle, and personal and family medical history. In addition, participants completed a self-administered food-frequency questionnaire and telephone interviews. Blood samples were collected from 76% of participants while saliva samples were collected in CLL cases and participants refusing blood extractions. Clinical information was recorded for cases and paraffin blocks and/or fresh tumor samples are available in most collaborating hospitals. Genotyping was done through an exome array enriched with genetic markers in specific pathways. Multiple analyses are planned to assess the association of environmental, personal and genetic risk factors for each tumor and to identify pleiotropic effects. This study, conducted within the Spanish Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology & Public Health (CIBERESP), is a unique initiative to evaluate etiological factors for common cancers and will promote cancer research and prevention in Spain. Copyright © 2014 SESPAS. Published by Elsevier Espana. All rights reserved.

  20. Nematodes of the genus Amidostomum (Railliet et Henry, 1909) in wild ducks (Anatinae) of North-western Poland

    NARCIS (Netherlands)

    Kavetska, K.M.; Borgsteede, F.H.M.

    2005-01-01

    The study was aimed to quantify infections with nematodes of the genus Amidostomum in wild ducks of north-western Poland. The birds examined (282 individuals re-presenting 16 species) belonged to three, ecologically different, tribes: the Anatini, Aythyini and Mergini. The 923 individuals of

  1. Biodiversity and management of the Madrean Archipelago: The Sky Islands of southwestern United States and northwestern Mexico

    Science.gov (United States)

    Leonard H. DeBano; Peter H. Ffolliott; Alfredo Ortega-Rubio; Gerald J. Gottfried; Robert H. Hamre; Carleton B. Edminster

    1995-01-01

    This conference brought together scientists and managers from government, universities, and private organizations to examine the biological diversity and management challenges of the unique "sky island" ecosystems of the mountains of the southwestern United States and northwestern Mexico. Session topics included: floristic resources, plant ecology,...

  2. Inspection of nuclear power plants under construction in Spain

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Santoma, L.

    1977-01-01

    Brief summary of the situation of the nuclear industry in Spain, in order to better understand the questions involved in the inspection of the Spanish nuclear power plants, as well as the experience acquired, followed by a description of some of the problems which have arisen during the construction phase. Also the problems faced by the Inspection of the Junta de Energia Nuclear are described in order to fulfill the missions entrusted to it. Finally, some recommendations are made in light of the experience had by Spain.(author) [es

  3. Increase in Export Production in the Marginal Seas of the Northwestern Pacific in Response to Anthropogenic N Input

    Science.gov (United States)

    Lee, K.; Ko, Y. H.; Moon, J. Y.

    2017-12-01

    The relative abundance of nitrate (N) over phosphorus (P) has increased significantly over the period since 1980 in the marginal seas (Yellow, East China and East seas) bordering the northwestern Pacific Ocean, located downstream of the populated and industrialized Asian continent. Analysis of datasets for anthropogenic N input, satellite chlorophyll-a (Chl-a), and seawater nutrient data ( 200,000 data points) reveal that transport of N originating from China has been responsible for enhancements of Chl-a in the marginal seas of the northwestern Pacific Ocean. In particular, the contribution of anthropogenic N to new production in these marginal seas is expected to grow considerably in the coming decades. This anthropogenically driven increase in the N content may potentially lead to a long-term change of these marginal seas from being N-limited to P-limited.

  4. Nephrology around Europe: organization models and management strategies: Spain.

    Science.gov (United States)

    de Francisco, Angel L M; Piñera, Celestino

    2011-01-01

    The main aim of this report is to present a picture of the current organization of nephrology in Spain. The Spanish health system offers almost universal coverage, a wide variety of services and a high-quality network of hospitals and primary care centers. Spain has a specialized health care training system that is highly developed, highly regulated, with the capacity to provide high-quality training in 54 different specialties. Nephrology is basically a hospital-based specialty. There are no private dialysis patients in Spain. Hemodialysis centers are 40% public, 15% private and 45% run by companies. The National Health System covers 95% of the population, and there is no cost to patients for treatment of renal disease (dialysis and transplant). We observed a clear decrease of nephrology in residents' election rankings, with position 29 out of 47 specialties in 2007. Some of the reasons for this are the complexity of the subject, no clear information at the university, reduction of professional posts and a very good public service with minimal private practice. In Spain, a model of organization for transplantation was adopted based on a decentralized transplant coordinating network. For cadaveric donors, it compares favorably with rates in other Western countries. Living donor transplantation is very low in Spain--just 10% of total renal transplantation activity. New programs due to financial constraints need to include reduced dialysis costs, greater cost-effectiveness of prescriptions, better handling of ethical issues related to the need for using a clinical score of chronic kidney disease patients to make decisions about conservative or renal replacement therapy and an action plan for improvement of organ donation and transplantation. Recovery of skills (acute kidney injury, biopsies, vascular access, etc.), research and advances in autonomous activities (imaging, surgical and medical vascular training, etc.) are some of the future educational paths needed in

  5. Experiências de quase-morte: implicações clínicas Near-death experience: clinical implications

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Bruce Greyson

    2007-01-01

    Full Text Available CONTEXTO: Quando algumas pessoas vivenciam um estado próximo da morte, elas referem uma experiência profunda de transcender o mundo físico, o que freqüentemente as conduz a uma transformação espiritual. Estas "experiências de quase-morte" (EQMs são relevantes para os clínicos pois produzem mudanças nas crenças, nas atitudes e nos valores; podem ser confundidas com os estados psicopatológicos, embora tenham conseqüências diferentes necessitando terapêuticas diferentes; e, por fim, porque podem ampliar a nossa compreensão em relação ao fenômeno da consciência. OBJETIVOS: Esta revisão de literatura examina as evidências relacionadas às explicações que têm sido propostas para o fenômeno das EQMs, incluindo expectativa, memórias do nascimento, alterações nos gases sangüíneos, alucinações tóxicas ou metabólicas e modelos neuroquímicos e neuroanatômicos. MÉTODOS: A literatura sobre EQM dos últimos 30 anos foi revisada de modo abrangente, incluindo bases de dados médicas, de enfermagem, psicológicas e sociológicas. RESULTADOS: As EQMs tipicamente produzem mudanças positivas em atitudes, crenças e valores, mas também podem levar a problemas interpessoais e intrapsíquicos. Esses problemas, embora tenham sido comparados a vários transtornos mentais, diferem desses quadros psicopatológicos. Várias estratégias terapêuticas têm sido propostas para ajudar indivíduos que apresentam conseqüências problemáticas de uma EQM, mas tais intervenções ainda não foram testadas. CONCLUSÕES: A consciência mística e o funcionamento mental intensificado durante uma EQM, quando o funcionamento cerebral está gravemente prejudicado, são um desafio para os modelos atuais sobre a interação cérebro/mente e podem, eventualmente, levar a modelos mais completos para o entendimento da consciência.BACKGROUND: When some people come close to death, they report a profound experience of transcending the physical world

  6. Clinical profile of parkinsonian disorders in the tropics: Experience at Kano, northwestern Nigeria

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Owolabi Lukman Femi

    2012-01-01

    Full Text Available Background: No data exists on Parkinson′s disease (PD and secondary Parkinsonism in Northwestern Nigeria. This study was designed to create a database, document the clinical profile of PD in Kano, northwestern Nigerian, and compare this to prior observations within and outside Nigeria. Materials and Methods: A database was documented on prospective patients presenting consecutively to the Neurology out-patients clinic of the two tertiary health facilities in Kano northwestern Nigeria over a period of 4 years. Demographic and clinical data at presentation were documented for all patients. Cases were classified as PD or secondary Parkinsonism. The severity at presentation and at last visit was classified using the H and Y scale. Results: Over a period of 4 years, out 1153 a total of 96 patients comprising 74 males and 22 females were enrolled. Eighty (83.3% of them had clinically diagnosed PD while 16 (16.7% had clinical features compatible with secondary Parkinsonism. The mean age at onset of symptoms in the PD patients (mean 58.2 ± 6.72 yrs was more than in secondary Parkinsonism (mean 51.4 ± 10.04 and P = 0.001. There was male preponderance in both idiopathic Parkinsonism (PD (m:f = 3.2:1 and secondary Parkinsonism (m:f = 4.3:1. Out of the patients with secondary Parkinsonism, 10 (62.5% and 5 (31.3% had vascular Parkinsonism and drug-induced Parkinsonism, respectively. Duration of symptoms prior to presentation ranged between 3 months and 16 years. The mean (SD time interval from the onset of motor symptoms to diagnosis of PD was 3.6 ± 3.4 yrs and time interval for men and women (male 3.8 ± 3.7; female 2.8 ± 2.1; P = 0.249. Conclusions : Clinical profile of patients with PD and secondary Parkinsonism in Kano is similar to that from other populations within Nigeria and other developing countries. However, delayed presentation, less frequent family history, lower frequency of Young-onset PD as well as treatment challenges occasioned by

  7. Genotyping of Coxiella burnetii from domestic ruminants in northern Spain

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Astobiza Ianire

    2012-12-01

    Full Text Available Abstract Background Information on the genotypic diversity of Coxiella burnetii isolates from infected domestic ruminants in Spain is limited. The aim of this study was to identify the C. burnetii genotypes infecting livestock in Northern Spain and compare them to other European genotypes. A commercial real-time PCR targeting the IS1111a insertion element was used to detect the presence of C. burnetii DNA in domestic ruminants from Spain. Genotypes were determined by a 6-loci Multiple Locus Variable number tandem repeat analysis (MLVA panel and Multispacer Sequence Typing (MST. Results A total of 45 samples from 4 goat herds (placentas, N = 4, 12 dairy cattle herds (vaginal mucus, individual milk, bulk tank milk, aerosols, N = 20 and 5 sheep flocks (placenta, vaginal swabs, faeces, air samples, dust, N = 21 were included in the study. Samples from goats and sheep were obtained from herds which had suffered abortions suspected to be caused by C. burnetii, whereas cattle samples were obtained from animals with reproductive problems compatible with C. burnetii infection, or consisted of bulk tank milk (BTM samples from a Q fever surveillance programme. C. burnetii genotypes identified in ruminants from Spain were compared to those detected in other countries. Three MLVA genotypes were found in 4 goat farms, 7 MLVA genotypes were identified in 12 cattle herds and 4 MLVA genotypes were identified in 5 sheep flocks. Clustering of the MLVA genotypes using the minimum spanning tree method showed a high degree of genetic similarity between most MLVA genotypes. Overall 11 different MLVA genotypes were obtained corresponding to 4 different MST genotypes: MST genotype 13, identified in goat, sheep and cattle from Spain; MST genotype 18, only identified in goats; and, MST genotypes 8 and 20, identified in small ruminants and cattle, respectively. All these genotypes had been previously identified in animal and human clinical samples from several

  8. Wave energy potential in Galicia (NW Spain)

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Iglesias, Gregorio; López, Mario; Carballo, Rodrigo

    2009-01-01

    Wave power presents significant advantages with regard to other CO2-free energy sources, among which the predictability, high load factor and low visual and environmental impact stand out. Galicia, facing the Atlantic on the north-western corner of the Iberian Peninsula, is subjected to a very...... harsh wave climate; in this work its potential for energy production is assessed based on three-hourly data from a third generation ocean wave model (WAM) covering the period 1996 - 2005. Taking into account the results of this assessment along with other relevant considerations such as the location...

  9. Is leishmaniasis widespread in Spain? First data on canine leishmaniasis in the province of Lleida, Catalonia, northeast Spain.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Ballart, C; Alcover, M M; Portús, M; Gállego, M

    2012-02-01

    Canine leishmaniasis (CanL) is a widespread disease present in 42 countries. It is considered of epidemiological importance because of its role as a reservoir of human leishmaniasis. Knowledge of the real distribution of CanL and its emergence and/or re-emergence is of great importance in order to determine the extension of the disease. This work reports the detection of CanL in a farm dog located in a Pyrenean area of northwest Catalonia (Spain) where the disease was previously unknown. Since the dog had never left the region and sandfly vectors, Phlebotomus ariasi and P. perniciosus, were present in the farm the case is considered as autochthonous and is the first to be published in this region of Spain. Copyright © 2011 Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

  10. Food-related life style in Spain

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Bredahl, Lone; Brunsø, Karen; Grunert, Klaus G.

    1996-01-01

    Executive summary 1. This report contains the main results of a survey of food-related lifestyle in Spain, based on a representative sample of 1000 Spanish households. 2. Generally speaking, Spanish food consumers are very interested in shopping for food and cooking. Compared with other European ...

  11. The actual annual occurrence of the green lacewings of northwestern Europe (Neuroptera: Chrysopidae)

    OpenAIRE

    Canard, M.; Thierry, D.; Whittington, Andrew E.; Bozsik, A.

    2010-01-01

    Quantitative surveys of chrysopids from northwestern Europe were analysed. A total of thirty-five species are known within the zone although only twenty-six were recorded. Only the common green lacewings (i.e. the sibling species of the Chrysoperla carnea complex, here not differentiated) were elsewhere abundant comprising more than 3/4 of the specimens in all countries and reaching 97 % in Belgium. For the scarcer species, comments are given on their enhanced geographic range. The French fau...

  12. Significado da morte e de morrer para os alunos de enfermagem The meaning of death and dying for nursing students Significado de la muerte y del morir para los alumnos de enfermería

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Farley Soares Cantídio

    2011-11-01

    Full Text Available Objetivo. Descrever o significado da morte e de morrer para os alunos de último de ano de Enfermagem da Universidade Estatal de Montes Claros, Minas Gerais, Brasil. Metodologia. Estudo qualitativo exploratório que utilizou a entrevista semi-estruturada com guia como instrumento de recolha dos dados. Os sujeitos foram alunos de Enfermagem matriculados em 2010 e que cursavam os semestres 7º e 8º. Os dados foram analisados com a técnica de análise do discurso. Resultados. Os entrevistados conceituaram a morte como "mistério", "perda" de uma pessoa querida e como "transição" ou "passo" da existência a de vida a outra depois da morte. Ao construir significados a respeito da finitude, expressaram sentimentos de tristeza, sofrimento e impotência frente às poucas experiências vividas nesse confronto. Para alunos, a formação recebida no pré-graduação contribuiu pouco no cuidado de pessoas moribundas. Conclusão. Os alunos participantes têm uma formação insuficiente nos conceitos e metodologias de cuidado de pessoas que estão enfrentando à morte.Objetivo. Describir el significado que dan a la muerte y al morir los alumnos de los graduandos de Enfermería de la Universidad Estatal de Montes Claros, Minas Gerais, Brasil. Metodología. Estudio cualitativo exploratorio que utilizó la entrevista semiestructurada con guía como instrumento de recolección de los datos. Los sujetos fueron seis alumnos matriculados en 2010, quienes cursaban los semestres 7º y 8º. Se exploraron los datos con la técnica de análisis del discurso. Resultados. Los entrevistados conceptuaron la muerte como "misterio", "pérdida" de una persona querida y como "transición" o "paso" de la existencia de la vida a la muerte. Al construir significados acerca de la finitud, expresaron sentimientos de tristeza, sufrimiento e impotencia frente a las escasas experiencias vividas en su desempeño laboral. Para los alumnos, la formación recibida en el pregrado ha

  13. From Student Associations to CEUNE: The Development of Student Representation in Spain

    Science.gov (United States)

    Parejo, José Luis; Lorente, Javier

    2012-01-01

    The forms of students' political participation in the administration of higher education in Spain have evolved throughout history. Spain has developed from a period characterised by the corporatist model of Sindicato Espanõl Universitario--as a single syndicate of students controlled by the Franco Regime--towards the emergence of a student…

  14. CRED Gridded Bathymetry of Bank 66 and east French Frigate Shoals (100-020) in the Northwestern Hawaiian Islands

    Data.gov (United States)

    National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Department of Commerce — File 100-020b is a 60-m ASCII grid of depth data collected near Bank 66, East French Frigate Shoals in the Northwestern Hawaiian Islands as of May 2003. This grid...

  15. Nuclear power in Spain

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    1979-01-01

    the plans of the Spanish Government to reduce their dependence on oil over the next ten years by a considerable increase in nuclear generating capacity are outlined. Data on the type, generating power, location and commissioning data of a number of nuclear power stations in Spain are tabulated. The use of foreign companies for the design and construction of the nuclear stations and the national organisations responsible for different aspects of the programme are considered. (UK)

  16. Bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV genetic diversity in Spain: A review

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Francisco J. Diéguez

    2017-07-01

    Full Text Available Bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV, a member of the genus Pestivirus of the family Flaviviridae, causes significant losses in cattle farming worldwide because of reduced milk production, increased mortality of young animals and reproductive, respiratory and intestinal problems. The virus is characterized by an important genetic, and consequently antigenic and pathogenic diversity. Knowing the variability of viral strains present in a population provides valuable information, particularly relevant for control programs development, vaccination recommendations and even identification of likely infection sources. Such information is therefore important at both local and regional levels. This review focuses on the genetic diversity of BVDV isolates infecting cattle in Spain over the last years. According to the published data, the most prevalent BVDV group in Spain was 1b, and to a lesser extent 1d, 1e and 1f. Besides, BVDV-2 has also been found in Spain with several ratified isolates. The studies carried out in Spain also showed increased genetic heterogeneity of BVDV strains, possibly due to a more intensive use of analytical tools available, presenting studies with increasingly greater sample sizes.

  17. The gas industry in Spain

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Jego, H.

    1999-01-01

    This short presentation of the Spanish gas industry looks at the industry's different players including Gas Natural, which controls almost all of the gas distribution in Spain. Natural gas, almost all of which is imported, accounts for an ever-growing share in the country's energy balance and has undergone great developments, particularly in industry and in thermal generating plants. (author)

  18. Factors associated with active aging in Finland, Poland, and Spain.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Perales, Jaime; Martin, Steven; Ayuso-Mateos, Jose Luis; Chatterji, Somnath; Garin, Noe; Koskinen, Seppo; Leonardi, Matilde; Miret, Marta; Moneta, Victoria; Olaya, Beatriz; Tobiasz-Adamczyk, Beata; Haro, Josep Maria

    2014-08-01

    Continuous population aging has raised international policy interest in promoting active aging (AA). AA theoretical models have been defined from a biomedical or a psychosocial perspective. These models may be expanded including components suggested by lay individuals. This paper aims to study the correlates of AA in three European countries, namely, Spain, Poland, and Finland using four different definitions of AA. The EU COURAGE in Europe project was a cross-sectional general adult population survey conducted in a representative sample of the noninstitutionalized population of Finland, Poland, and Spain. Participants (10,800) lived in the community. This analysis focuses on individuals aged 50 years old and over (7,987). Four definitions (two biomedical, one psychosocial, and a complete definition including biomedical, psychosocial, and external variables) of AA were analyzed. Differences in AA were found for country, age, education, and occupation. Finland scored consistently the highest in AA followed by Spain and Poland. Younger age was associated with higher AA. Higher education and occupation was associated with AA. Being married or cohabiting was associated with better AA compared to being widowed or separated in most definitions. Gender and urbanicity were not associated with AA, with few exceptions. Men scored higher in AA only in Spain, whereas there was no gender association in the other two countries. Being widowed was only associated with lower AA in Poland and not being married was associated with lower AA in Poland and Finland but not Spain. Associations with education, marital status, and occupation suggest that these factors are the most important components of AA. These association patterns, however, seem to vary across the three countries. Actions to promote AA in these countries may be addressed at reducing inequalities in occupation and education or directly tackling the components of AA lacking in each country.

  19. A mídia e a construção do biográfico o sensacionalismo da morte em cena

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Elizabeth Rondelli

    2000-05-01

    Full Text Available A partir da constatação da crescente veiculação de narrativas biográficas em diferentes mídia e seu sucesso de mercado, avaliam-se os novos lugares de expressão do biográfico, problematizando-se a relação entre mídia e memória na cultura contemporânea. Obituários, homenagens e coberturas televisivas de funerais de artistas e políticos famosos são tomados como narrativas que reconstroem trajetórias de vida, que, com a morte, são ressignificadas, dramatizadas e espetacularizadas para serem postas ao consumo de milhões de telespectadores.Based on the increased spread of biographical narratives in different media and their commercial success, this article evaluates the new sites for the expression of biographies, and discusses the relationship between media and memory in contemporary culture. Obituaries, memorials and television coverage of the funerals of artists and famous politicians are seen as narratives which reconstruct the trajectories of their life, which gain new meanings at the time of their death, and are dramatized and broadcast for the consumption of millions of viewers.

  20. Radioactive waste management in Spain: co-ordination and projects

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    2007-01-01

    The sixth workshop of the OECD/NEA Forum on Stakeholder Confidence (FSC) was hosted by ENRESA, the Spanish agency responsible for the management of radioactive waste and the dismantling of nuclear power plants, and the Council of Nuclear Safety (CSN), with the support of the Association of Spanish Municipalities in Areas Surrounding Nuclear Power Plants (AMAC). The workshop took place at L'Hospitalet de l'Infant, Catalonia, Spain, on 21-23 November 2005. At this workshop, Spanish stakeholders and delegates from 14 countries discussed current co-ordination of radioactive waste management decision making in Spain. Findings were shared from Cowam-Spain, a co-operative research project on the involvement of local stakeholders, the relationship between national and local levels of decision making, and the long-term sustainability of decisions regarding the siting of a centralized interim storage facility for high-level waste. These proceedings include the workshop presentations and discussions, as well as the rapporteurs' reflections on what was learned about policy making and participative decision making. (author)

  1. Modeling organic aerosol concentrations and properties during winter 2014 in the northwestern Mediterranean region

    OpenAIRE

    Chrit, Mounir; Sartelet, Karine; Sciare, Jean; Majdi, Marwa; Nicolas, José; Petit, Jean-Eudes; Dulac, François

    2018-01-01

    Organic aerosols are measured at a remote site (Ersa) on Corsica Cape in the northwestern Mediterranean basin during the Chemistry-Aerosol Mediterranean Experiment (CharMEx) winter campaign of 2014, when high organic concentrations from anthropogenic origin are observed. This work aims at representing the observed organic aerosol concentrations and properties (oxidation state) using the air-quality model Polyphemus with a surrogate approach for secondary organic aerosol (SOA) formation. Becau...

  2. Effects of the Financial Crisis on Stock Market of the Czech Republic and Spain

    OpenAIRE

    Titizov, Toško

    2013-01-01

    The paper analyzes effects of the financial crisis on stock market of the Czech Republic and Spain. We employ BEKK-GARCH model in order to study volatility spillovers and transmissions from the US stock market to stock markets of the Czech Republic and Spain. The multivariate GARCH models results show statistically significant, but relatively small, almost irrelevant volatility spillovers from the US stock market to stock markets of the Czech Republic and Spain. The Czech stock market exhibit...

  3. Marked differences in GPs' diagnosis of pneumonia between Denmark and Spain: a cross-sectional study

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Christensen, S.F.; Jørgensen, L.C.; Cordoba Currea, Gloria Cristina

    2013-01-01

    importance to dyspnoea/polypnoea and C-reactive protein levels >50mg/L. None of the other typical symptoms of pneumonia had a significant influence. CONCLUSIONS: Our results indicate that GPs' diagnostic criteria for pneumonia differ substantially between Denmark and Spain. The high prevalence of pneumonia...... and Spain) and to compare which symptoms and clinical tests are of most importance for the GP when choosing a diagnosis of pneumonia rather than acute bronchitis. METHODS: A cross-sectional study including GPs from Denmark and Spain was conducted as part of the EU-funded project HAPPY AUDIT. A total of 2......,698 patients with LRTI were included. RESULTS: In Denmark, 47% of the patients with LRTI were classified with a diagnosis of pneumonia compared with 11% in Spain. In Spain, fever and a positive x-ray weighted significantly more in the diagnosis of pneumonia than in Denmark. Danish GPs, however, attached more...

  4. Incidência da síndrome da morte súbita em coorte de lactentes The incidence of sudden death syndrome in a cohort of infants

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Lorena T. C. Geib

    2006-02-01

    Full Text Available OBJETIVOS: Quantificar a incidência de síndrome da morte súbita do lactente no município de Passo Fundo (RS e descrever o perfil dos óbitos. MÉTODOS: Coorte de base populacional, de nascidos vivos no período de fevereiro de 2003 a janeiro de 2004, domiciliados na zona urbana. Excluíram-se lactentes hospitalizados desde o nascimento, crianças em processo de adoção e óbitos ocorridos antes da coleta de dados. Dos 2.634 nascidos vivos, foram incluídas 2.411 crianças, acompanhando-se 2.285 (94,8%. Os dados foram coletados no Sistema de Informações sobre Nascidos Vivos, declarações de óbito, registros do comitê de mortalidade infantil e mediante entrevistas domiciliares com a mãe social. Os instrumentos foram adaptados de formulários validados previamente. Os dados foram analisados no Epi-Info, com estatística descritiva. RESULTADOS: Foram registrados 10 óbitos (0,4%. Quatro de causa indeterminada puderam ser incluídos na categoria III de síndrome da morte súbita do lactente. Ocorreram entre os 2 e 5 meses, no domicílio, em crianças que dormiam na posição lateral, em cama com adultos, utilizando colchão macio, travesseiro e fralda sobre a face. Eram filhos de mãe jovens, fumantes, pré-natal incompleto, multíparas e de classes econômicas desfavorecidas. A incidência de suspeita dessa síndrome foi de 1,75/1.000. CONCLUSÃO: A taxa de incidência de suspeita de síndrome da morte súbita do lactente em Passo Fundo é compatível com os maiores coeficientes internacionais, sugerindo medidas de vigilância e prevenção de riscos.OBJECTIVES: To quantify the incidence of sudden infant death syndrome in the town of Passo Fundo, in Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil, and to describe the profile of the deaths observed. METHODS: A population-based cohort study of the live births from February 2003 to January 2004 to parents resident in the urban area. Infants were excluded if they had been hospitalized since birth, were in the

  5. Description of the Energy System of Spain

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Caldes, N; Lechon, Y; Labriet, M; Cabal, H; Rua, C de la; Saez, R; Varela, M

    2008-07-01

    The objective of this report is to describe the complete Spain energy system, in order to make possible its modelling with the TIMES model within the NEEDS project (http://www.needs-project.org). (Author) 56 refs.

  6. Comportamento de maracujazeiros (Passiflora spp. quanto à morte prematura Behavior of passionfruit (Passiflora spp.in relation to premature death of plants

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Givanildo Roncatto

    2004-12-01

    Full Text Available Na Universidade Estadual Paulista, Câmpus de Jaboticabal-SP, estudou-se o comportamento de Passifloráceas quanto à morte prematura de plantas, cultivadas em local com histórico da doença. O objetivo do trabalho foi avaliar o comportamento de diversos "acessos" de populações e espécies de maracujazeiros em relação a esta doença, sendo que as plantas resistentes deverão ser utilizadas como porta-enxertos de formas comerciais de maracujá-amarelo (Passiflora edulis Sims f. flavicarpa e em programas de melhoramento genético. As espécies utilizadas foram P. edulis Sims, P. edulis Sims f. flavicarpa Degener, P. nitida H.B.K., P. cincinnata, P. giberti, P. laurifolia, P. morifolia, P. foetida e P. capsularis. Em local com histórico da doença, plantaram-se mudas em número variável e em épocas distintas. A condução das plantas e os tratos culturais foram os recomendados para o maracujá-amarelo. A morte prematura das plantas ocorreu entre dois meses e dois anos da cultura no campo. P. giberti e P. nitida mostraram-se resistente à doença, independentemente do local de origem. Entre os demais "acessos", não se encontraram fontes promissoras de resistência. Entretanto, novos "acessos" e novas espécies deverão ser estudadas na busca da resistência.The behavior of passionfruit, cultivated in sites with disease history, as to premature death, was researched at Universidade Estadual Paulista, Campus of Jaboticabal, SP. The purpose of the research was to evaluate the behavior of acesses and passionfruit species related to this disease, whereas resistant plants are to be used as yellow passionfruit rootstocks, as well as in breeding programs. The species P. edulis Sims, P. edulis Sims f. flavicarpa Degener, P. nitida H.B.K., P. cincinnata, P. giberti, P. laurifolia, P. morifolia, P. foetida, P. capsularis were used. In a site with a known record of the disease, the plants were planted in a variable number and at distinct times. Plant

  7. Timing and nature of Holocene glacier advances at the northwestern end of the Himalayan-Tibetan orogen

    Science.gov (United States)

    Saha, Sourav; Owen, Lewis A.; Orr, Elizabeth N.; Caffee, Marc W.

    2018-05-01

    Holocene glacial chronostratigraphies are developed for four glaciated valleys at the northwestern end of the Himalayan-Tibetan orogen using geomorphic mapping and cosmogenic 10Be surface exposure dating. The study areas include the Hamtah valley in the Lahul Himalaya, and the Karzok, Lato and upper Stok valleys in Zanskar. Five local glacial stages are dated to ∼10.4, ∼6.1-3.3, ∼2.1-0.9, ∼0.7-0.4, and ∼0.3-0.2 ka based on 49 new moraine boulder ages. Large age dispersions are evident for each of the local glacial stages. This is especially the case for ∼6.1-3.3 and ∼2.1-0.9 ka, which is likely a result of prior and/or incomplete exposures in very young moraine boulders. An additional compilation of 187 published 10Be moraine boulder ages help define seven Himalayan Holocene regional glacial stages (HHs) for the northwestern end of the Himalayan-Tibetan orogen. These HHs date to ∼10.9-9.3, ∼8.2-7.4, ∼6.9-4.3, ∼4.5-2.8, ∼2.7-1.8, ∼1.8-0.9, and forced northerly migration of the Intertropical Convergence Zone and enhanced summer monsoon. The timing of the majority of HHs during mid- and late Holocene corresponds well with the North Atlantic cooling that is likely teleconnected via mid-latitude westerlies, particularly during ∼8 ka and after ∼5 ka. These chronostratigraphies suggest that Holocene glaciation in the northwestern part of the Himalayan-Tibetan orogen is largely influenced by long-term orbital forcing amplified by large-scale migration of the Earth's thermal equator and the associated hemispheric oceanic-atmospheric systems.

  8. Review of the Renewable Energy Policies of Spain

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Labriet, M.; Laguna, M.; Cabal, H.; Lechon, Y.

    2008-07-01

    The objective of this report is to describe the Spanish energy policies related to renewable energy sources (RES). It will contribute to the analysis of the renewable energy potential at the European level (RES2020 project). Despite the successful case of wind development in spain, with a favourable feed-in systems in place, and a very favourable regulation (building code) promoting solar thermal technologies, strong administrative barriers for RES projects still exist and Spain is still far from reaching its RES electricity targets, and even further from the target related to RES heating and cooling and bio fuel use. This work has been partially funded by the European Commission, Intelligent Energy-europe Programme. (Author) 7 refs.

  9. State of the art of reservoir sedimentation management in Spain

    OpenAIRE

    Avendaño Salas, Cándido; Sanz Montero, Esther; Cobo Rayán, Rafael

    2000-01-01

    Part of the total reservoir storage capacity in Spain (56 km3) is lost due to sedimentation processes taking place. Surveys carried out in 121 reservoirs indicate that 6% of them have undergone a capacity reduction of over 50%. However, most of them (81%) are characterised by a reservoir capacity loss below 20%. The most frequent methods used to control reservoir sedimentation in Spain fall into one of the following groups: reduction of sediment yield through basin management and removal of t...

  10. O jogo existencial e a ritualização da morte El juego existential y la ritualización de la muerte The existential game and the ritualization of death

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Roseney Bellato

    2005-02-01

    Full Text Available Esta reflexão aborda o medo da morte que acompanha o existir humano desde o seu alvorecer, sendo o ser humano o único ser vivo que sabe que vai morrer, o que o leva a antecipar esse medo, fazendo-o companheiro de toda sua vida. Para diminuir essa "angústia mortal" tem ele tido, ao longo dos tempos, que "negociar" com a morte, como maneira de enfrentamento desse medo. Essa compreensão se torna importante por sermos profissionais da enfermagem, que cuidamos, no nosso quotidiano de trabalho, do ser humano em processo de morrer.Esta reflexión discute el miedo de la muerte que acompaña el existir humano, siendo el ser humano el único ser vivo que sabe que se va a morir, lo que le lleva a anticipar ese miedo, haciéndolo un compañero en toda su vida. Para disminuir esa "angustia mortal", el hombre negocia con la muerte, como manera de enfrentar tal miedo. Esa comprensión se hace importante para los profesionales de la enfermería, que en su trabajo cotidiano cuidan del ser humano en el proceso de morir.This reflection approaches the fear of death that has accompanied human existence from its dawn. Humans are the only living beings who know about death, which makes them anticipate this fear by turning it into a companion for life. In order to reduce this "deadly anguish", mankind has had to negotiate with death over time, as a way of confronting this fear. This understanding becomes important since we are nursing professionals who, in our daily work, deliver care to the human being in the process of dying.

  11. Post partum depression and the psychosocial predictors in first-time fathers from northwestern China.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Zhang, Yin-Ping; Zhang, Lu-Lu; Wei, Huan-Huan; Zhang, Yao; Zhang, Chun-Li; Porr, Caroline

    2016-04-01

    there is growing evidence that fathers also experience post partum depression (PPD). However, paternal PPD has been less studied than maternal PPD. Very few studies have investigated PPD in first-time fathers from northwestern China. the purpose of this study was to investigate the occurrence and predictors of depressive symptoms in first-time fathers from northwestern China. a longitudinal study was conducted involving 180 couples who were assessed at three time periods: 3 days, 2 weeks and 6 weeks after childbirth. Self-reported questionnaires including Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS), Parenting Sense of Competence Scale (PSOC), and Kansas Marital Satisfaction Scale (KMSS) were administered to all participants during each time period. after childbirth 35 (21.1%) of the fathers at 3 days, 32 (20.4%) at 2 weeks and 20 (13.6%) at 6 weeks, indicated that they suffered from PPD. Paternal parental sense of competence, paternal marital satisfaction, and maternal depressive symptoms were among the main predictors for paternal PPD. the study results suggest that paternal PPD is a significant public health concern. Health professionals should focus attention on the psychological health among new fathers during the postpartum period; and, the psychosocial predictors should be considered and incorporated into clinical assessment and intervention of paternal PPD. Copyright © 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

  12. Número de anos em tratamento dialítico crônico e risco de morte em pacientes com e sem diabetes melito Number of years on chronic dialysis and the mortality risk in patients with and without diabetes mellitus

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Antonio Alberto Lopes

    2003-09-01

    Full Text Available OBJETIVOS: Avaliar se, no Brasil, o número de anos em tratamento dialítico dos pacientes portadores de estágio final de doença renal (EFDR, com e sem diabetes melito, está relacionado com o risco de morte. MÉTODOS: Análise de dados do Ministério da Saúde do Brasil de 25.952 pacientes com idade superior a 18 anos, portadores de EFDR, que estavam em tratamento dialítico em abril de 1997. Foram registrados os casos de óbito que ocorreram entre abril de 1997 e julho de 2000. Modelos de Cox foram utilizados para estimar o risco relativo (RR da associação entre número de anos em tratamento dialítico e risco de morte. RESULTADOS: O risco de morte foi significantemente menor nos pacientes que estavam em diálise entre 3 e OBJECTIVE: To assess whether, in Brazil, the number of years on dialysis treatment in end-stage renal disease (ESRD patients, with and without diabetes mellitus, relates to mortality risk. METHODS: Analysis of data from the Ministry of Health of Brazil of 25.952 patients older than 18 years who were on dialytic treatment in April 1997. Death cases that occurred from April 1997 to July 2000 were recorded. Cox models were used to estimate the relative risk (RR of the association between years on dialysis and mortality risk. RESULTS: The mortality risk was significantly lower in patients on dialysis between 3 and <10 years as compared with 1 to <2 years (RR between 0.78 and 0.88. With adjustments for age and diabetes the effect of years on dialysis was reduced. In diabetics (n=2.952 the adjusted mortality risk showed a trend to decrease with more years on dialysis. CONCLUSIONS: In Brazil, the mortality risk for ESRD patients decreases with the increasing number of years on dialysis up to approximately 10 years. This finding can be partially explained by the lower mean age and prevalence of diabetes mellitus in patients with more years on dialysis treatment. The effect of years on dialysis on the mortality risk seems to be

  13. Detection of Toxoplasma gondii oocysts in soils in northwestern China using a new semi-nested PCR assay.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Wang, Meng; Meng, Peng; Ye, Qiang; Pu, Yuan-Hua; Yang, Xiao-Yu; Luo, Jian-Xun; Zhang, Nian-Zhang; Zhang, De-Lin

    2014-09-28

    Toxoplasma gondii is a zoonotic pathogen that can infect a range of animals and humans. Ingestion of T. gondii oocysts in soil is a significant transmission route for humans and animals acquiring toxoplasmosis. In the present study, we developed a new semi-nested PCR method to determine T. gondii oocysts distribution in soils in northwestern China. The one tube semi-nested PCR assay was developed to detect the oocysts of T. gondii in soil, targeting the repetitive 529 bp fragment of T. gondii genomic DNA. Then a total of 268 soil samples, including 148 samples from Gansu Province and 120 samples from Qinghai Province, northwestern China, were examined by the semi-nested PCR method. One third of the positive samples were sequenced. The sensitivity of the semi-nested PCR assay was 10(2)  T. gondii oocysts in 5 g soil sample. Investigation of soil samples from northwestern China showed that 34 out of 268 soil samples (12.69%) were T. gondii positive. Sequences of the partial 529 bp fragments varied from 0-1.2% among the sequenced samples. The prevalence of T. gondii oocysts in soil from cities (24/163) was slightly higher than that in soils from pasturing areas (10/105) (P = 0.21). Among the different regions in cities, the prevalence of T. gondii oocysts in soils from parks was 14.15%, whereas that in soils from schools was 19.05%. The present study firstly reported the prevalence of T. gondii oocysts in soils in northwest China using a novel semi-nested PCR assay, which provided baseline data for the effective prevention and control of toxoplasmosis in this region.

  14. Technological innovations in the horticultural sector in northwestern Mexico: adoption speed and diffusion networks analysis

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Belem Dolores Avendaño-Ruiz

    2017-09-01

    Full Text Available The article focuses on the identification of innovation adoption and diffusion processes in the export horticultural sector in northwestern Mexico, and the differences identified taking into account the type of producer depending on the production size. The results of the adoption speed index suggests that large producers are distinguished as being early adopters and leaders in innovation adoption in this activity; but as long as there is a technological gap between small and large producers, that is increased even more by economical limita-tions, these will be identified as late adopters for this activity, supported by public programs for its adoption. The study was conducted in four entities of northwestern Mexico, Baja California, Baja California Sur, Sonora and Sinaloa, that in average contribute with 17 % of the national horticultural production. The international market is a strong promotor in innovation adoption, particularly in those related to food safety standards that are adopted by 84 % of the producers. The network analysis highlights the role of union organizations as technological innovation diffusors, e.g. the Confederation of Agricultural Associations of the Sinaloa State, and the Local Agricultural Association of horticulture, Fruits and Legumes of Hermosillo in Sonora.

  15. Emergindo a complexidade do cuidado de enfermagem ao ser em morte encefálica Complejidad emergente del cuidado de enfermería al paciente con muerte cerebral Emerging the complexity of nursing care facing a brain death

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Aline Lima Pestana

    2012-12-01

    Full Text Available O estudo objetivou desvelar a complexidade do cuidado de enfermagem ao ser em morte encefálica. Utilizaram-se como referenciais teórico e metodológico o pensamento complexo e a Grounded Theory, respectivamente. Os dados foram coletados em um hospital universitário do nordeste brasileiro, de dezembro de 2010 a junho de 2011, por meio de entrevistas não estruturadas. A amostra teórica constituiu-se de 12 enfermeiros, distribuídos em três grupos amostrais. O fenômeno "Desvelando relações e interações múltiplas do ser enfermeiro na complexidade do cuidado ao ser em morte encefálica" foi delimitado por cinco categorias. Neste artigo, foi abordada a categoria "Emergindo a complexidade do cuidado de enfermagem ao ser em morte encefálica". O estudo evidenciou que o cuidado ao ser em morte encefálica é caracterizado por desordem e incertezas, fazendo com que o enfermeiro vivencie sentimentos diversos e ambivalentes. A sua complexidade está em compreender a sua singularidade e dialogicidade.Este estudio objetivó desvelar la complejidad del cuidado en enfermería al paciente con muerte encefálica. Se utilizaron como marcos teórico y metodológico el pensamiento complejo y la Grounded Theory, respectivamente. Los datos fueron recolectados en un hospital universitario en el nordeste de Brasil, entre diciembre de 2010 y junio de 2011, a través de entrevistas no estructuradas. La muestra teórica fue compuesta por 12 enfermeras asignadas en tres grupos. El fenómeno "Revelando las múltiples relaciones e interacciones en ser un enfermero en la complejidad del cuidado del paciente con muerte cerebral" fue delimitada en cinco categorías. En este artículo, se dirigió a la categoría de "Emergiendo la complejidad del cuidado de enfermería al paciente en muerte cerebral". El estudio mostró que el cuidado al ser en muerte cerebral se acompaña de desorden e incertidumbres, haciendo con que la enfermera pueda experimentar diferentes y

  16. Energy planning in Spain

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Cortina Garcia, J.

    1995-01-01

    This report aims to describe energy planning in Spain. It briefly analyses the three completed national energy plans (Plan Energetico Nacional, PEN). The fourth PEN 1991-2000 is analysed in detail, by reference to its objectives and characteristics and to developments during its first five years in operation. The Ministry of Industry and Energy has updated PEN en 1995, almost halfway through its period, and this is also summarised. Finally, there are some reflections on the future of energy planning. (Author) 46 refs

  17. Border Disease Virus among Chamois, Spain

    Science.gov (United States)

    Rosell, Rosa; Cabezón, Oscar; Mentaberre, Gregorio; Casas, Encarna; Velarde, Roser; Lavín, Santiago

    2009-01-01

    Approximately 3,000 Pyrenean chamois (Rupicapra pyrenaica pyrenaica) died in northeastern Spain during 2005–2007. Border disease virus infection was identified by reverse transcription–PCR and sequencing analysis. These results implicate this virus as the primary cause of death, similar to findings in the previous epizootic in 2001. PMID:19239761

  18. Water Quality Data from Two Agricultural Drainage Basins in Northwestern Indiana and Northeastern Illinois: I. Lagrangian and Synoptic Data, 1999-2002

    National Research Council Canada - National Science Library

    Antweiler, Ronald C; Smith, Richard L; Voytek, Mary A; Boehlke, John-Karl; Richards, Kevin D

    2004-01-01

    Methods of data collection and results of analyses are presented for Lagrangian and synoptic water-quality data collected from two agricultural drainages, the Iroquois River in northwestern Indiana...

  19. Social risk perception: recent findings in Spain

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Prades-Lopez, A.; Martinez-Arias, R.; Diaz-Hidalgo, M.

    1998-01-01

    The purpose of this paper is to present our main results from a survey carried out in Spain in the context of social risk perception. This survey is included in a broad project (PRISP) sponsored by the UE and the national Civil Protection Service, and carried out simultaneously in three countries: Spain, Italy and UK. The project combined qualitative and quantitative assessment methods, although only survey results are presented here. A random sample of 600 subjects from two different Spanish communities close to a COMAH chemical site was selected for the research. Main findings regarding, differential perception between both community populations, sex differences, and 'bias perception' of risks among others have been achieved. Main dimensions were obtained by multidimensional scaling and Factor Analysis. Dimensions reported here are similar to the usual findings from the psychometric paradigm. (authors)

  20. Entrepreneurship research in Spain: developments and distinctiveness.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Sánchez, José C; Gutiérrez, Andrea

    2011-08-01

    This article presents a review of research on entrepreneurship in Spain, paying particular attention to its beginnings, nature and main focus of interest. We have developed a database based on the review of 471 works produced between 1977 and 2009, including articles published in national and international journals and dissertations (read in Spain) that allowed us to extract the following results. There is a preference for qualitative methods, conceptual contributions and the entrepreneurial process as the privileged research theme. There is also a strong focus of interest on micro and small enterprises. These characteristics of Spanish research in areas of entrepreneurship can make a distinctive contribution to international research. However, the dissemination of knowledge and inadequate strategies for international publication limit the diffusion of Spanish research in entrepreneurship. Lastly, we discuss the implications for future research.