High strain rate tensile behavior of Al-4.8Cu-1.2Mg alloy

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Bobbili, Ravindranadh; Paman, Ashish; Madhu, V.

2016-01-01

The purpose of the current study is to perform quasi static and high strain rate tensile tests on Al-4.8Cu-1.2Mg alloy under different strain rates ranging from 0.01–3500/s and also at temperatures of 25,100, 200 and 300 °C. The combined effect of strain rate, temperature and stress triaxiality on the material behavior is studied by testing both smooth and notched specimens. Johnson–Cook (J–C) constitutive and fracture models are established based on high strain rate tensile data obtained from Split hopkinson tension bar (SHTB) and quasi-static tests. By modifying the strain hardening and strain rate hardening terms in the Johnson–Cook (J–C) constitutive model, a new J–C constitutive model of Al-4.8Cu-1.2Mg alloy was obtained. The improved Johnson–Cook constitutive model matched the experiment results very well. With the Johnson–Cook constitutive and fracture models, numerical simulations of tensile tests at different conditions for Al-4.8Cu-1.2Mg alloy were conducted. Numerical simulations are performed using a non-linear explicit finite element code autodyn. Good agreement is obtained between the numerical simulation results and the experiment results. The fracture surfaces of specimens tested under various strain rates and temperatures were studied under scanning electron microscopy (SEM).

Characterization of Al-Cu-Mg-Ag Alloy RX226-T8 Plate

Science.gov (United States)

Lach, Cynthia L.; Domack, Marcia S.

2003-01-01

Aluminum-copper-magnesium-silver (Al-Cu-Mg-Ag) alloys that were developed for thermal stability also offer attractive ambient temperature strength-toughness combinations, and therefore, can be considered for a broad range of airframe structural applications. The current study evaluated Al-Cu-Mg-Ag alloy RX226-T8 in plate gages and compared performance with sheet gage alloys of similar composition. Uniaxial tensile properties, plane strain initiation fracture toughness, and plane stress tearing resistance of RX226-T8 were examined at ambient temperature as a function of orientation and thickness location in the plate. Properties were measured near the surface and at the mid-plane of the plate. Tensile strengths were essentially isotropic, with variations in yield and ultimate tensile strengths of less than 2% as a function of orientation and through-thickness location. However, ductility varied by more than 15% with orientation. Fracture toughness was generally higher at the mid-plane and greater for the L-T orientation, although the differences were small near the surface of the plate. Metallurgical analysis indicated that the microstructure was primarily recrystallized with weak texture and was uniform through the plate with the exception of a fine-grained layer near the surface of the plate. Scanning electron microscope analysis revealed Al-Cu-Mg second phase particles which varied in composition and were primarily located on grain boundaries parallel to the rolling direction. Fractography of toughness specimens for both plate locations and orientations revealed that fracture occurred predominantly by transgranular microvoid coalescence. Introduction High-strength, low-density Al-Cu-Mg-Ag alloys were initially developed to replace conventional 2000 (Al-Cu-Mg) and 7000 (Al-Zn-Cu-Mg) series aluminum alloys for aircraft structural applications [1]. During the High Speed Civil Transport (HSCT) program, improvements in thermal stability were demonstrated for candidate

Improved Stress Corrosion Cracking Resistance and Strength of a Two-Step Aged Al-Zn-Mg-Cu Alloy Using Taguchi Method

Science.gov (United States)

Lin, Lianghua; Liu, Zhiyi; Ying, Puyou; Liu, Meng

2015-12-01

Multi-step heat treatment effectively enhances the stress corrosion cracking (SCC) resistance but usually degrades the mechanical properties of Al-Zn-Mg-Cu alloys. With the aim to enhance SCC resistance as well as strength of Al-Zn-Mg-Cu alloys, we have optimized the process parameters during two-step aging of Al-6.1Zn-2.8Mg-1.9Cu alloy by Taguchi's L9 orthogonal array. In this work, analysis of variance (ANOVA) was performed to find out the significant heat treatment parameters. The slow strain rate testing combined with scanning electron microscope and transmission electron microscope was employed to study the SCC behaviors of Al-Zn-Mg-Cu alloy. Results showed that the contour map produced by ANOVA offered a reliable reference for selection of optimum heat treatment parameters. By using this method, a desired combination of mechanical performances and SCC resistance was obtained.

Biocompatibility Assessment of Novel Bioresorbable Alloys Mg-Zn-Se and Mg-Zn-Cu for Endovascular Applications: In- Vitro Studies.

Science.gov (United States)

Persaud-Sharma, Dharam; Budiansky, Noah; McGoron, Anthony J

2013-01-01

Previous studies have shown that using biodegradable magnesium alloys such as Mg-Zn and Mg-Zn-Al possess the appropriate mechanical properties and biocompatibility to serve in a multitude of biological applications ranging from endovascular to orthopedic and fixation devices. The objective of this study was to evaluate the biocompatibility of novel as-cast magnesium alloys Mg-1Zn-1Cu wt.% and Mg-1Zn-1Se wt.% as potential implantable biomedical materials, and compare their biologically effective properties to a binary Mg-Zn alloy. The cytotoxicity of these experimental alloys was evaluated using a tetrazolium based- MTS (3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-5-(3-carboxymethoxyphenyl)-2-(4-sulfophenyl)-2H-tetrazolium) assay and a lactate dehydrogenase membrane integrity assay (LDH). The MTS assay was performed on extract solutions obtained from a 30-day period of alloy immersion and agitation in simulated body fluid to evaluate the major degradation products eluted from the alloy materials. Human foreskin fibroblast cell growth on the experimental magnesium alloys was evaluated for a 72 hour period, and cell death was quantified by measuring lactate dehydrogenase concentrations. Both Mg-Zn-Se and Mg-Zn-Cu alloys exhibit low cytotoxicity levels which are suitable for biomaterial applications. The Mg-Zn-Cu alloy was found to completely degrade within 72 hours, resulting in lower human foreskin fibroblast cell viability. The Mg-Zn-Se alloy was shown to be less cytotoxic than both the Mg-Zn-Cu and Mg-Zn alloys.

Catalytic activity of Co-Mg-Al, Cu-Mg-Al and Cu-Co-Mg-Al mixed oxides derived from hydrotalcites in SCR of NO with ammonia

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Chmielarz, Lucjan; Kustrowski, Piotr; Rafalska-Lasocha, Alicja [Faculty of Chemistry, Jagiellonian University, Ingardena 3, 30-060 Krakow (Poland); Majda, Dorota; Dziembaj, Roman [Regional Laboratory for Physicochemical Analyses and Structural Research, Ingardena 3, 30-060 Krakow (Poland)

2002-01-10

M-Mg-Al hydrotalcites (where M=Cu{sup 2+}, Co{sup 2+} and Cu{sup 2+}+Co{sup 2+}) with M ranging from 5 to 20% (as atomic ratio) were prepared by co-precipitation method. Obtained samples were characterised by XRD and TGA techniques. The influence of transition metal content on thermal decomposition of hydrotalcites was observed. Calcination of the hydrotalcites at 600C resulted in the formation of mixed oxides with surface areas in the range 71-154m{sup 2}/g. Calcined hydrotalcites were tested as catalysts in the selective reduction of NO with ammonia (NO-SCR). The catalytic activity depends on the kind of transition metal, as well as its content. For the NO-SCR the following reactivity order was found: Cu-Mg-Al>Cu-Co-Mg-Al>Co-Mg-Al. Temperature-programmed methods (TPD, TPSR, stop flow-TPD), as well as FT-IR spectroscopy have been applied to determine interaction of NO and NH{sub 3} molecules with the catalyst surface.

Formation and evolution of nanoporous bimetallic Ag-Cu alloy by electrochemically dealloying Mg-(Ag-Cu)-Y metallic glass

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Li, Ran; Wu, Na; Liu, Jijuan; Jin, Yu; Chen, Xiao-Bo; Zhang, Tao

2017-01-01

Highlights: • Uniform nanoporous Ag-Cu alloy was fabricated by dealloying Mg-based metallic glass. • The nanoporous structure was built up with numerous Ag-Cu ligaments. • The nanoporous ligaments show two-stage coarsening behavior with dealloying time. • The formation and evolution mechanisms of the nanoporous structure were clarified. • It could provide new guidance to the synthesis of nanoporous multi-component alloys. - Abstract: A three-dimensional nanoporous bimetallic Ag-Cu alloy with uniform chemical composition has been fabricated by dealloying Mg_6_5Ag_1_2_._5Cu_1_2_._5Y_1_0 metallic glass in dilute (0.04 M) H_2SO_4 aqueous solution under free-corrosion conditions. The nanoporous Ag-Cu evolves through two distinct stages. First, ligaments of the nanoporous structure, consisting of supersaturated Ag(Cu) solid solution with a constant Ag/Cu mole ratio of 1:1, are yielded. Second, with excessive immersion, some Cu atoms separate from the metastable nanoporous matrix and form spherical Cu particles on the sample surface. Formation and evolution mechanisms of the nanoporous structure are proposed.

Organic acids, amino acids compositions in the root exudates and Cu-accumulation in castor (Ricinus communis L.) Under Cu stress.

Science.gov (United States)

Huang, Guoyong; Guo, Guangguang; Yao, Shiyuan; Zhang, Na; Hu, Hongqing

2016-01-01

Ricinus communis L. is a hyperaccumulation plant newly discovered in an abandoned land of Cu mine in China. A hydroponic experiment was then carried out to determine the root exudates in the Cu-tolerant castor (Ricinus communis L.). Plants were grown in nutrient solution with increasing level of Cu doses (0, 100, 250, 500, and 750 μmol/L Cu) in the form of CuSO4. Cu accumulation in the roots and shoots of castor, and root exudates collected from the castor were measured. The results indicated that the castor had a high Cu accumulation capacity and the Cu concentrations in the shoots and roots of the castor treated with 750 μmol/L Cu were 177.1, 14586.7 mg/kg, respectively. Tartaric was the largest in the root exudates in terms of concentrations, which reached up to 329.13 μmol/g (dry plant) in the level of 750 μmol/L Cu. There was a significantly positive linear relationship between the Cu concentration in root and the concentration of succinic (R = 0.92, P < 0.05), tartaric (R = 0.96, P < 0.01), and citric (R = 0.89, P < 0.05). These results indicated that the difference in root exudation from castor could affect their Cu tolerance. What is more, significant is that the high tartaric and citric, the low oxalic and cysteine in the root exudation of castor contributed to toleration of high Cu concentrations.

Cu-segregation at the Q'/α-Al interface in Al-Mg-Si-Cu alloy

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Matsuda, Kenji; Teguri, Daisuke; Uetani, Yasuhiro; Sato, Tatsuo; Ikeno, Susumu

2002-01-01

Cu segregation was detected at the Q ' /α-Al interface in an Al-Mg-Si-Cu alloy by energy-filtered transmission electron microscopy. By contrast, in a Cu-free Al-Mg-Si alloy no segregation was observed at the interface between the matrix and Type-C precipitate

Thermoluminescence kinetic analysis and dosimetry features of MgSO4:Dy and MgSO4:Cu nano-rods

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Zahedifar, M.; Almasifard, F.; Sadeghi, E.; Biroon, M. Kashefi; Ramazani- Moghaddam-Arani, A.

2016-01-01

MgSO 4 :Dy and MgSO 4 :Cu nano-rods (NRs) were synthesized for the first time by semi co- precipitation method. X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersive spectrometry (EDS) were utilized for sample characterization. The optimum amount of dysprosium and copper concentrations were obtained both at 0.1 mol% in MgSO 4 :Dy and MgSO 4 :Cu NRs. T m -T stop and computerized glow curve deconvolution (CGCD) methods were used for identifying the number of component glow peaks and kinetic parameters of the synthesized NRs. Initial rise and variable heating rate methods were also used to ensure the reliability of obtained kinetic parameters. Results show that the TL sensitivity of MgSO 4 :Dy is about 7 times more than that of magnesium sulfate doped with Cu. The TL dose response of MgSO 4 :Dy and MgSO 4 :Cu NRs are linear up to absorbed dose of 10 KGy. Other TL dosimetry characteristics of the produced NRs are also presented and discussed. - Highlights: • MgSO4:Dy and MgSO4:Cu nano-rods were synthesized for the first time. • Thermoluminescence dosimetry properties were studied. • The nano-phosphors showed linear dose response up to very high dose levels. • The synthesized nano-rods have potential application for high dose dosimetry.

Screening and Evaluation of the Bioremediation Potential of Cu/Zn-resistant, Autochthonous Acinetobacter sp. FQ-44 from Sonchus oleraceus L.

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Qing Fang

2016-09-01

Full Text Available The quest for new, promising and indigenous plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria and a deeper understanding of their relationship with plants are important considerations in the improvement of phytoremediation. This study focuses on the screening of plant beneficial Cu/Zn-resistant strains and assessment of their bioremediation potential (metal solubilization/tolerance/biosorption and effects on growth of Brassica napus seedlings to identify suitable rhizobacteria and examine their roles in microbes-assisted phytoremediation. Sixty Cu/Zn-resistant rhizobacteria were initially isolated from Sonchus oleraceus grown at a multi-metal-polluted site in Shanghai, China. From these strains, 19 isolates that were all resistant to 300 mg·L-1 Cu as well as 300 mg·L-1 Zn, and could simultaneously grow on Dworkin-Foster salt minimal medium containing 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid were preliminarily selected. Of those 19 isolates, 10 isolates with superior plant growth-promoting properties (indole-3-acetic acid production, siderophore production and insoluble phosphate solubilization were secondly chosen and further evaluated to identify those with the highest bioremediation potential and capacity for bioaugmentation. Strain S44, identified as Acinetobacter sp. FQ-44 based on 16S rDNA sequencing, was specifically chosen as the most favorable strain owing to its strong capabilities to (1 promote the growth of rape seedlings (significantly increased root length, shoot length and fresh weight by 92.60%, 31.00% and 41.96%, respectively under gnotobiotic conditions; (2 tolerate up to 1000 mg·L-1 Cu and 800 mg·L-1 Zn; (3 mobilize the highest concentrations of water-soluble Cu, Zn, Pb and Fe (16.99, 0.98, 0.08 and 3.03 mg·L-1, respectively; and (4 adsorb the greatest quantities of Cu and Zn (7.53 and 6.61 mg·g-1 dry cell, respectively. Our findings suggest that Acinetobacter sp. FQ-44 could be exploited for bacteria-assisted phytoextraction. Moreover

Potential for Phytoextraction of Cu by Sesamum indicum L. and Cyamopsis tetragonoloba L.: A Green Solution to Decontaminate Soil

Science.gov (United States)

Amin, Hira; Arain, Basir Ahmed; Abbasi, Muhammad Sadiq; Jahangir, Taj Muhammad; Amin, Farah

2018-05-01

Phytoextraction is a plant based-technique for removing toxic heavy metals from polluted soil. The experiment reported in this paper was undertaken to study the basic Cu phytoextraction potential of Sesamum indicum in comparison with Cyamopsis tetragonoloba for remediation of Cu contaminated soil in the framework of a pot-experiment. Plants were subjected to seven Cu concentrations (0, 25, 50, 100, 150, 200, and 300 mg kg-1 soil) for 12 weeks. The morphological (i.e. growth) and biochemical (i.e. chlorophyll) parameters of both the plant species were observed throughout the experimental period; the phytoextraction efficiency of S. indicum and C. tetragonoloba were also determined. Most growth parameters were reduced under high Cu stress. Our results shows that at low concentration (25 mg Cu kg-1) all the growth and biochemical parameters were increased but at elevated Cu concentrations, root length, shoot length, and biomass (fresh and dry) were all significantly decreased ( p soil was noted for all tested treatments. In this study, both plant species showed quite high Cu tolerance and accumulation efficiency, even though C. tetragonoloba have higher Cu accumulation and tolerance indices than that of S . indicum. At 300 mg Cu kg-1, the highest Cu concentration was found in the root (282.08 mg Cu kg-1) followed by leaf (105.78 mg Cu kg-1), stem (65.30 mg Cu kg-1), and pod (8.13 mg Cu kg-1) of S. indicum. In contrast, C. tetragonoloba had highest Cu concentration primarily in the root (158.45 mg Cu kg-1) followed by the stem (154.73 mg Cu kg-1), leaf (152.32 mg Cu kg-1), and pod (8.13 mg Cu kg-1). Considering rapid growth, high biomass, tolerance, accumulation efficiency, bioconcentration factor (BCF) > 1, bioaccumulation coefficient (BAC) > 1 and translocation factor (TF) > 1 established C. tetragonoloba as a potential candidate plant for the decontamination of slightly Cu-polluted soil where the growth of plants would not be impaired and the extraction of Cu could

Synthesis and magnetic properties of ferrites spinels Mg{sub x}Cu{sub 1-x}Fe{sub 2}O{sub 4}

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Mounkachi, O.; Hamedoun, M. [Institute of Nanomaterials and Nanotechnology, MAScIR, Rabat (Morocco); Belaiche, M. [Institute of Nanomaterials and Nanotechnology, MAScIR, Rabat (Morocco); Hassan II Academy of Science and Technology, Rabat (Morocco); Laboratoire de Magnetisme, Materiaux Magnetiques, Microonde et Ceramique, Ecole Normale Superieure, Universite Mohammed V-Agdal, B.P. 9235, Ocean, Rabat (Morocco); Benyoussef, A. [Institute of Nanomaterials and Nanotechnology, MAScIR, Rabat (Morocco); Hassan II Academy of Science and Technology, Rabat (Morocco); LMPHE, (URAC 12), Faculte des Sciences, Universite Mohammed V-Agdal, Rabat (Morocco); Masrour, R. [Laboratory of Materials, Process, Environment and Quality, Cady Ayad University, National School of Applied Sciences, Safi (Morocco); El Moussaoui, H. [Institute of Nanomaterials and Nanotechnology, MAScIR, Rabat (Morocco); LMPHE, (URAC 12), Faculte des Sciences, Universite Mohammed V-Agdal, Rabat (Morocco); Sajieddine, M., E-mail: hamedoun@hotmail.com [Faculte des Sciences et Techniques, Universite Moulay Slimane, Beni Mellal (Morocco)

2012-01-01

Polycrystalline Mg{sub 0.6}Cu{sub 0.4}Fe{sub 2}O{sub 4} ferrites have been prepared using solid-state reaction technique. Their structural and magnetic properties have been studied, using X-ray diffraction and magnetic measurements. Using mean field theory and high-temperature series expansions (HTSE), extrapolated with the pade approximants method, the magnetic properties of Mg{sub 1-x}Cu{sub x}Fe{sub 2}O{sub 4} have been studied. The nearest neighbor super-exchange interactions for intra-site and inter-site of the Mg{sub 1-x}Cu{sub x}Fe{sub 2}O{sub 4} ferrites spinels, in the range 0{<=}x{<=}1, have been computed using the probability approach, based on Moessbauer data. The Curie temperature T{sub c} is calculated as a function of Mg concentration. The obtained theoretical results are in good agreement with experimental ones obtained by magnetic measurements.

EXAFS investigations of Cu-Mg-O compound

CERN Document Server

Sidorenko, A F; Babanov, Y A; Naumov, S V; Samokhvalov, A A

2001-01-01

The interest to systems containing copper oxide is connected with the problem of high-temperature superconductivity because of the closeness of its basic physical properties and properties of superconductor mother Cu-compounds. In this work, EXAFS study of the Cu sub 0 sub . sub 2 Mg sub 0 sub . sub 8 O compound is presented. A new iterative algorithm of the solution of ill-posed problem on determining three partial pair correlation functions from one EXAFS-data set near the Cu K-edge is described. The results of X-ray scattering study of a given sample show a presence of a single phase with the MgO structure and a lattice parameter of 4.219 A instead of 4.208 A for pure MgO. From the EXAFS investigations, we find the local distortion of the lattice. We revealed that the short range order differs both from a hypothetical alloy with the MgO structure and from copper oxide.

Effect of Cu content on the microstructure evolution and fracture behavior of Al-Mg-Si-xCu (x  =  0, 1, 2 and 4 wt.%) alloys

Science.gov (United States)

Rahman, Tanzilur; Sakib Rahman, Saadman; Zurais Ibne Ashraf, Md; Ibn Muneer, Khalid; Rashed, H. M. Mamun Al

2017-10-01

Lightweighting automobiles can dramatically reduce their consumption of fossil fuels and the atmospheric CO2 concentration. Heat-treatable Al-Mg-Si has attracted a great deal of research interest due to their high strength-to-weight ratio, good formability, and resistance to corrosion. In the past, it has been reported that the mechanical properties of Al-Mg-Si can be ameliorated by the addition of Cu. However, determining the right amount of Cu content still remains a challenge. To address this the microstructure evolution, phase transformation, mechanical properties, and fracture behavior of Al-Mg-Si-xCu (x  =  0, 1, 2 and 4 wt.%) alloys were studied through optical and field emission scanning electron microscopy, energy-dispersive x-ray spectroscopy, differential scanning calorimetry, hardness measurements, and tensile tests. The obtained results indicate that the addition of Cu of up to 4 wt.% improved the hardness (17.5% increase) of the alloy, but reduced its ductility. Moreover, an alloy with 4 wt.% Cu fractured in a brittle manner while Al-Mg-Si showed ductile fracture mechanism. In addition, differential scanning calorimetry analysis revealed five exothermic peaks in all Cu containing alloys. Our results also showed that θʹ and Qʹ-type intermetallic phases formed owing to the addition of Cu, which affected the strength and ductility. Thus, Al-Mg-Si-xCu alloy with the right amount of Cu content serves as an excellent candidate for replacing more costly alloys for cost-effective lightweighting and other applications.

Single crystal structures of the new vanadates CuMgVO{sub 4} and AgMgVO{sub 4}

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Ben Yahia, Hamdi, E-mail: Hyahia@qf.org.qa [Research Institute of Electrochemical Energy, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), 1-8-31 Midorigaoka, Ikeda, Osaka 563-8577 (Japan); Qatar Environment and Energy Research Institute, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Qatar Foundation, PO Box 5825, Doha (Qatar); Shikano, Masahiro, E-mail: shikano.masahiro@aist.go.jp [Research Institute of Electrochemical Energy, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), 1-8-31 Midorigaoka, Ikeda, Osaka 563-8577 (Japan); Essehli, Rachid; Belharouak, Ilias [Qatar Environment and Energy Research Institute, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Qatar Foundation, PO Box 5825, Doha (Qatar)

2016-08-01

The new compounds CuMgVO{sub 4} and AgMgVO{sub 4} have been synthesized by a solid state reaction route. Their crystal structures were determined from single-crystal X-ray diffraction data. CuMgVO{sub 4} crystallizes with Na{sub 2}CrO{sub 4}-type structure with space group Cmcm, a = 5.6932 (10), b = 8.7055 (15), c = 6.2789 (10) Å, V = 311.20 (9) Å{sup 3}, and Z = 4, whereas AgMgVO{sub 4} crystallizes in the maricite-type structure with space group Pnma, a = 9.4286 (14), b = 6.7465 (10), c = 5.3360 (8) Å, V = 339.42 (9) Å{sup 3}, and Z = 4. Both structures of CuMgVO{sub 4}, and AgMgVO{sub 4} contain MgO{sub 4} chains made up of edge-sharing MgO{sub 6} octahedra. In CuMgVO{sub 4} the MgO{sub 4} chains are interconnected through CuVO{sub 4} double chains made up of VO{sub 4} and CuO{sub 4} tetrahedra sharing corners and edges, however in AgMgVO{sub 4} the chains are interlinked by the VO{sub 4} and AgO{sub 4} tetrahedra sharing only corners. - Highlights: • We have been able to grow CuMgVO{sub 4} and AgMgVO{sub 4} single crystals. • We solved their crystal structures using single crystal data. • We compared the crystal structures of CuMgVO{sub 4} and AgMgVO{sub 4}.

New Promising Hydride Based on the Cu-Li-Mg System

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Braga, M H; Acatrinei, A; Hartl, M; Vogel, S; Proffen, Th; Daemen, L, E-mail: mbraga@lanl.gov

2010-11-01

We investigated the ternary Cu-Li-Mg system, in particular the CuLi{sub x}Mg{sub 2-x} (x = 0.08) for hydrogen storage. Instead of crystallizing in an orthorhombic phase, as CuMg2, this phase presents a hexagonal structure very similar to that of NiMg{sub 2} and NiMg{sub 2}H{sub 0.3}. In this work we will discuss the structure of CuLi{sub x}Mg{sub 2-x} by the analysis of the neutron scattering data and first principles calculations. The first results for a hydride (deuteride) phase will also mentioned since preliminary studies at LANSCE showed that CuLi{sub x}Mg{sub 2-x} might absorb approximately 5.3 to 6 wt% of H at an equilibrium pressure of approximately 27 bar at 200 deg. C. If these results are confirmed in future work, this will mean that, not only CuLi{sub x}Mg{sub 2-x} absorbs a considerable amount of hydrogen (close to DOE's expectations for hydrogen storage materials), but also will probably release it at a temperature in the range of 50 to 150 deg. C, where applications are easier to develop. Hence it should be possible to use this alloy with fuel cells or in batteries. Another important observation is that cycling has a strong effect on the structure of the hydride.

Synthesis and characterization of Chitosan-CuO-MgO polymer nanocomposites

Science.gov (United States)

Praffulla, S. R.; Bubbly, S. G.

2018-05-01

In the present work, we have synthesized Chitosan-CuO-MgO nanocomposites by incorporating CuO and MgO nanoparticles in chitosan matrix. Copper oxide and magnesium oxide nanoparticles synthesized by precipitation method were characterized by X-ray diffraction and the diffraction patterns confirmed the monoclinic and cubic crystalline structures of CuO and MgO nanoparticles respectively. Chitosan-CuO-MgO composite films were prepared using solution- cast method with different concentrations of CuO and MgO nanoparticles (15 - 50 wt % with respect to chitosan) and characterized by XRD, FTIR and UV-Vis spectroscopy. The X-ray diffraction pattern shows that the crystallinity of the chitosan composite increases with increase in nanoparticle concentration. FTIR spectra confirm the chemical interaction between chitosan and metal oxide nanoparticles (CuO and MgO). UV absorbance of chitosan nanocomposites were up to 17% better than pure chitosan, thus confirming its UV shielding properties. The mechanical and electrical properties of the prepared composites are in progress.

Thermal behaviour of Cu-Mg-Mn and Ni-Mg-Mn layered double hydroxides and characterization of formed oxides

Czech Academy of Sciences Publication Activity Database

Kovanda, F.; Grygar, Tomáš; Dorničák, V.; Rojka, T.; Bezdička, Petr; Jirátová, Květa

2005-01-01

Roč. 28, 1-4 (2005), s. 121-136 ISSN 0169-1317 Institutional research plan: CEZ:AV0Z40320502 Keywords : Cu-Mg-Mn basic carbonates * Ni-Mg-Mn hydrotalcite Subject RIV: CA - Inorganic Chemistry Impact factor: 1.324, year: 2005

Electromagnetic densification of MgB2/Cu wires

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Woźniak, M; Glowacki, B A

2014-01-01

Electromagnetic compaction of in situ MgB 2 /Cu wire has been achieved using a custom-built 200 J device. The monofilament core packing density was increased by 8% and up to 31% for unreacted and reacted wires respectively. The higher density of the MgB 2 core resulted in a critical current density increase of up to 75% in comparison to that for cold-drawn-only wire. Applying this treatment to a wire with Cu powder additions to the core and with an optimized heat treatment resulted in one of the highest ever reported values of J c for MgB 2 /Cu wires of 6.83 × 10 3  A cm −2 at 4.2 K and 6 T. (paper)

Preparation and Properties of Mg-Cu-Y-Al bulk Amorphous Alloys

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Pryds, Nini; Eldrup, Morten Mostgaard; Ohnuma, M.

2000-01-01

Bulk amorphous (Mg(1-gamma)Al(gamma))(60)CU(30)Y(10) alloys were prepared using a relatively simple technique of rapid cooling of the melt in a copper wedge mould. The temperature vs, time was recorded during the cooling and solidification process of the melt and compared with a spacial and tempo......Bulk amorphous (Mg(1-gamma)Al(gamma))(60)CU(30)Y(10) alloys were prepared using a relatively simple technique of rapid cooling of the melt in a copper wedge mould. The temperature vs, time was recorded during the cooling and solidification process of the melt and compared with a spacial...... temperatures in specimens containing a few percent Al. The alloy with no Al crystallises apparently without the formation of nanoparticles. The critical cooling rate for the formation of an amorphous Mg(60)CU(30)Y(10) specimen was determined experimentally by a combination of DSC data and temperature vs, time...

Computer simulations of nanoindentation in Mg-Cu and Cu-Zr metallic glasses

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Paduraru, Anca; Andersen, Ulrik Grønbjerg; Thyssen, Anders

2010-01-01

The formation of shear bands during plastic deformation of Cu0.50Zr0.50 and Mg0.85Cu0.15 metallic glasses is studied using atomic-scale computer simulations. The atomic interactions are described using realistic many-body potentials within the effective medium theory, and are compared with similar...... simulations using a Lennard-Jones description of the material. The metallic glasses are deformed both in simple shear and in a simulated nanoindentation experiment. Plastic shear localizes into shear bands with a width of approximately 5 nm in CuZr and 8 nm in MgCu. In simple shear, the shear band formation...... is very clear, whereas only incipient shear bands are seen in nanoindentation. The shear band formation during nanoindentation is sensitive to the indentation velocity, indenter radius and the cooling rate during the formation of the metallic glass. For comparison, a similar nanoindentation simulation...

Stability of the post irradiation traps in LiF: Mg, Cu, P; Estabilidad de las trampas posradiacion en LiF: Mg, Cu, P

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Gonzalez, P.R. [ININ, A.P. 18-1027, 11801 Mexico D.F. (Mexico); Furetta, C. [Physics Department, Rome University ' ' La Sapienza' ' , Rome (Italy); Azorin, J. [UAM-I, 09340 Mexico D.F. (Mexico)

2004-07-01

In this work the results of the study of the stability of the traps are presented in dosemeters Tl of LiF: Mg,Cu,P, irradiated with gamma radiation of {sup 60} Co. The studied dosemeters were of LiF: Mg,Cu,P + Ptfe, developed in the ININ, taking like reference to the commercial dosemeter GR200A of Chinese manufacture. Before being exposed to the radiation, the dosemeters received their standard treatment from having erased, two hours after the irradiation they took the initial readings. The dosemeters faded again and they were irradiated to the same dose, soon after they stayed under normal conditions, protected of the light, later on they were taken their readings periodically during six months. The readings taken Tl the same day of the irradiation presented four peaks whose energy, determined by the deconvolution method were; 1.30 {+-} 0.01 eV, 1.50 {+-} 0.01 eV, 1.70 {+-} 0.01 eV and 2.58 {+-} 0.02 eV, for LiF: Mg,Cu,P + Ptfe, while GR200A stops the energy they were: 1.33 {+-} 0.11 eV, 1.58 {+-} 0.11 eV, 1.73 {+-} 0.11 eV and 2.60 {+-} 0.03 eV. In both cases the peak 1, with the energy but it lowers, it disappears completely after some later hours to the irradiation, while the peak 2, it disappears completely after 122 days for the local dosemeter and after 94 days for the commercial dosemeter. The energy of the peaks 3 and 4 that remained visible during the whole period of study it was: 1.38 {+-} 0.01 eV and 2.65 {+-} 0.01 eV, for LiF: Mg,Cu,P + Ptfe respectively, in the same order for GR200A, the energies were: 1.51 {+-} 0.02 eV and 2.64 {+-} 0.03 eV. In all the cases the peaks with energy below 2 eV, showed tendency to the drop, while the main peak, showed certain tendency to increase, as they show it the results. (Author)

Modulation-free bismuth-lead cuprate superconductors: BiPbSr1+xL1-xCuO6 and BiPbSr2Y1-xCaxCu2O8

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Manivannan, V.; Gopalakrishnan, J.; Rao, C.N.R.

1991-01-01

Modulation-free BiPbSrLCuO 6 (L=La, Pr, Nd) and BiPbSr 2 YCu 2 O 8 , which are isotypic with the n=1 and 2 members of the Bi 2 Sr 2 Ca n-1 Cu n O 2n+4 family, have been prepared and characterized. These parent compounds are nonsuperconducting, but when doped with holes by substitution chemistry give modulation-free superconducting cuprates of the general formulas BiPbSr 1+xL1-x CuO 6 and BiPbSr 2 Y 1-x Ca x Cu 2 O 8 , exhibiting maximum T c 's of 24 and 85 K, respectively. Significantly, the hole concentration at the maximum T c is 0.12 in the cuprate family with a single Cu-O layer and 0.22 in that with two Cu-O layers

Vibrational spectroscopic and theoretical study of 3,5-dimethyl-1-thiocarboxamide pyrazole (L) and the complexes Co2L2Cl4, Cu2L2Cl4 and Cu2L2Br2

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Nemcsok, Denes; Kovacs, Attila; Szecsenyi, Katalin Meszaros; Leovac, Vukadin M.

2006-01-01

In the present paper we report a joint experimental and theoretical study of 3,5-dimethyl-1-thiocarboxamide pyrazole (L) and its complexes Co 2 L 2 Cl 4 , Cu 2 L 2 Cl 4 and Cu 2 L 2 Br 2 . DFT computations were used to model the structural and bonding properties of the title compounds as well as to derive a reliable force field for the normal coordinate analysis of L. The computations indicated the importance of hydrogen bonding interactions in stabilising the global minimum structures on the potential energy surfaces. In contrast to the S-bridged binuclear Cu 2 L 2 Br 2 complex found in the crystal, our computations predicted the formation of (CuLBr) 2 dimers in the isolated state stabilized by very strong (53 kJ/mol) N-H...Br hydrogen bonding interactions. On the basis of FT-IR and FT-Raman experiments and the DFT-derived scaled quantum mechanical force field we carried out a complete normal coordinate analysis of L. The FT-IR spectra of the three complexes were interpreted using the present assignment of L, literature data and computed results

The effects of microalloying with Cd on precipitation processes in Al-1.7 Cu-0.3 mg (At. %) alloys

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Sofyan, Bondan T.

2002-01-01

The present work investigates the effects of microalloying with Cd on precipitation processes in Al-1.7 Cu-0.3 mg (At. %) alloys. Analytical STEM (Scanning Transmission Electron Microscope) revealed the presence of clusters rich in Cd and Mg at early stages of ageing, which is believed to be responsible in promoting the nucleation of θ (Al,Cu) in the alloy on its (001) planes. The Cd-Mg clusters then grow as Cd-Mg-rich particles when ageing is continued beyond the peak hardness. The presence of Cd-Mg-rich clusters is thought to play an important role on the nucleation of θ phase by accommodating the misfit strain on the non-coherent rim of the phase. The accommodation of misfit strain is made available by the presence of large amount of vacancies, which is trapped by Cd and Mg atoms during quenching, around θ platelet nuclei

Thermodynamic evaluation of the Cu-Mg-Zr system

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Haemaelaeinen, M.; Zeng, K.

1999-01-01

The thermodynamic evaluation of the Cu-Mg-Zr system is presented in this paper. A literature survey was carried out first based on the most recent literature, which was scanned from the THERMET literature database. The evaluation of the thermodynamic parameters was carried out using Thermo-Calc (version H) software. The evaluation of the Cu-Mg-Zr system was carried out using the most recent experimental data from the literature and a set of DTA measurements. DTA measurements were done using alumina (Al 2 O 3 ) crucibles under helium atmosphere with the niobium (Nb) reference crucible. The evaluated Cu-Mg-Zr phase diagram fitted well with experimental data with the liquidus data in a limited range of composition. There were two miscibility gaps observe in the system. New τ phase was detected using the X-ray and microscopic analysis and the data was used in this evaluation. (orig.)

Crystallization Behavior of A Bulk Amorphous Mg62Cu26Y12 Alloy

Science.gov (United States)

Wu, Shyue-Sheng; Chin, Tsung-Shune; Su, Kuo-Chang

1994-07-01

The crystallization temperature, the associated activation energy and the crystallized structure of a bulk amorphous Mg62Cu26Y12 alloy with a diameter of 2.5 mm were studied. It possesses a one-step crystallization behavior. The crystallization reaction was found to be represented by: AM(MG62Cu26Y12)→Mg2Cu+MgY+CuY+Mg, ( Tx=188°C, Eac=134 kJ/mol) where AM represents the amorphous state, T x the crystallization temperature at an infinitesimal heating rate, and E ac the associated activation energy. The amount of crystalline phases were found to be Mg2Cu:MgY:CuY=76:17:7. The Mg phase is identifiable only by high resolution electron microscopy, not by X-ray diffraction. The crystallization leads to a sharp rise in electrical resistivity which is reversed to those of iron-based amorphous alloys.

Influence of elemental diffusion on low temperature formation of MgH2 in TiMn1.3T0.2-Mg (T = 3d-transition elements)

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Yamamoto, K.; Tanioka, S.; Tsushio, Y.; Shimizu, T.; Morishita, T.; Orimo, S.; Fujii, H.

1996-01-01

In order to examine the influence of the elemental diffusion from the host compound into the Mg region on low temperature formation of MgH 2 , we have investigated the hydriding properties and the microstructures of the composite materials TiMn 1.3 T 0.2 -Mg (T = V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni and Cu). MgH 2 is formed at 353 K in all composite materials. Of all the substitutions, the amount of MgH 2 is the largest in the case of the Cu substitution, which originates from the existence of the Mg-Mg 2 Cu eutectic formed by Cu diffusion from the host compound TiMn 1.3 Cu 0.2 into the Mg region during the liquid phase sintering. In addition, the hydrogen capacity of TiMn 1.3 Cu 0.2 -Mg (that is TiMn 1.3 Cu 0.1 -(Mg+Mg 2 Cu) after the sintering) easily saturates in comparison with TiMn 1.5 -(Mg+Mg 2 Cu) without Cu diffusion. It is concluded that Cu diffusion promotes the mobility of hydrogen atoms at the complex interface between the host compound and the Mg region. (orig.)

HRTEM characterization of melt-spun Al-Si-Cu-Mg alloys solidified at different rates

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Alfonso, Ismeli; Maldonado, Cuauhtemoc; Medina, Ariosto; Gonzalez, Gonzalo; Bejar, Luis

2006-01-01

Six quaternary alloys Al-6Si-3Cu-xMg (x = 0.59, 3.80 and 6.78 wt.%) were produced by melt spinning using two different tangential speeds of the copper wheel (30 and 45 ms -1 ), and characterized using optical microscopy (OM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and microhardness. At 30 ms -1 , XRD and TEM investigations revealed the presence of Al 2 Cu (θ) for the alloy with 0.59%Mg and Al 5 Cu 2 Mg 8 Si 6 (Q) for the alloys with 3.80 and 6.78%Mg. The increase in microhardness of the alloys with higher Mg content is attributed to the presence of nanosized a-Al particles and a higher content of Q nanoparticles. At 45 ms -1 the alloying element content in solid solution is increased due to the fact that the quantity of free second phases (θ and Q nanoparticles) has decreased. For this rotation speed, amorphous regions of α -Al were observed, increasing microhardness compared to the 30 ms -1 ribbons

Thermoluminescence responses of photon- and electron-irradiated lithium potassium borate co-doped with Cu+Mg or Ti+Mg

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Alajerami, Y.S.M.; Hashim, S.; Ramli, A.T.; Saleh, M.A.; Saripan, M.I.; Alzimami, K.; Min Ung, Ngie

2013-01-01

New glasses Li 2 CO 3 –K 2 CO 3 –H 3 BO 3 (LKB) co-doped with CuO and MgO, or with TiO 2 and MgO, were synthesized by the chemical quenching technique. The thermoluminescence (TL) responses of LKB:Cu,Mg and LKB:Ti,Mg irradiated with 6 MV photons or 6 MeV electrons were compared in the dose range 0.5–4.0 Gy. The standard commercial dosimeter LiF:Mg,Ti (TLD-100) was used to calibrate the TL reader and as a reference in comparison of the TL properties of the new materials. The dependence of the responses of the new materials on 60 Co dose is linear in the range of 1–1000 Gy. The TL yields of both of the co-doped glasses and TLD-100 are greater for electron irradiation than for photon irradiation. The TL sensitivity of LKB:Ti,Mg is 1.3 times higher than the sensitivity of LKB:Cu,Mg and 12 times less than the sensitivity of TLD-100. The new TL dosimetric materials have low effective atomic numbers, good linearity of the dose responses, excellent signal reproducibility, and a simple glow curve structure. This combination of properties makes them suitable for radiation dosimetry. - Highlights: • Enhancement of about three times has been shown with the increment of MgO. • A comparison was carried out between the TL responses of the prepared dosimeters and TLD-100. • The prepared dosimeters show simple glow curve, low Z material and excellent reproducibility. • The TL measurements show a linear dose response in a long span of exposures. • The electron response shows 1.18 times greater than photon response for the prepared dosimeters

Microstructure and magnetic studies of Mg-Ni-Zn-Cu ferrites

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Bachhav, S.G.; Patil, R.S.; Ahirrao, P.B.; Patil, A.M.; Patil, D.R.

2011-01-01

Highlights: → Ni x Mg 0.5-x Cu 0.1 Zn 0.4 Fe 2 O 4 ferrite shows spinel structure. → Lattice parameter, X-ray density, porosity increase with increase in Ni content. → The IR spectra show tetrahedral and octahedral complexes. → Initial permeability remains constant with temperature and drops to zero at certain temperature which is in close agreement with Curie temperature. → The Curie temperature shows increasing trend with Ni content. - Abstract: Soft Mg-Ni-Zn-Cu spinel ferrites having general chemical formula Ni x Mg 0.5-x Cu 0.1 Zn 0.4 Fe 2 O 4 (where x 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4 and 0.5) were prepared by standard double sintering ceramic method. The samples were characterized by X-ray diffraction at room temperature. The X-ray diffraction (XRD) study revealed that lattice parameter decreases with increase in Ni content, resulting in a reduction in lattice strain. The electrical and magnetic properties of the synthesized ferrites have been investigated as a function of temperature. The variation of initial permeability and AC susceptibility with temperature exhibits normal ferrimagnetic behavior. The variation of initial permeability with frequency is studied. The Curie temperature (T C ) in the present work was determined from initial permeability and AC susceptibility. The Curie temperature increases with Ni content.

Role of Cu-Mg-Al mixed oxide catalysts in lignin depolymerization in supercritical ethanol

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Huang, X.; Ceylanpinar, A.; Koranyi, T.I.; Boot, M.D.; Hensen, E.J.M.

2015-01-01

We investigate the role of Cu-Mg-Al mixed oxides in depolymerization of soda lignin in supercritical ethanol. A series of mixed oxides with varying Cu content and (Cu+Mg)/Al ratio were prepared. The optimum catalyst containing 20 wt% Cu and having a (Cu+Mg)/Al ratio of 4 yielded 36 wt% monomers

Matrix effects in ion-induced emission as observed in Ne collisions with Cu-Mg and Cu-Al alloys

Science.gov (United States)

Ferrante, J.; Pepper, S. V.

1983-01-01

Ion induced Auger electron emission is used to study the surfaces of Al, Mg, Cu - 10 at. % Al, Cu - 19.6 at. % Al, and Cu - 7.4 at. % Mg. A neon (Ne) ion beam whose energy is varied from 0.5 to 3 keV is directed at the surface. Excitation of the lighter Ne occurs by the promotion mechanism of Barat and Lichten in asymmetric collisions with Al or Mg atoms. Two principal Auger peaks are observed in the Ne spectrum: one at 22 eV and one at 25 eV. Strong matrix effects are observed in the alloys as a function of energy in which the population of the second peak is greatly enhanced relative to the first over the pure materials. For the pure material over this energy range this ratio is 1.0. For the alloys it can rise to the electronic structure of alloys and to other surface tools such as secondary ion mass spectroscopy.

Transport properties of microwave sintered pure and glass added MgCuZn ferrites

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Madhuri, W., E-mail: madhuriw12@gmail.com [School of Advanced Sciences, VIT University, Vellore 632 014 (India); Penchal Reddy, M.; Kim, Il Gon [Department of Physics, Changwon National University, Changwon 641 773 (Korea, Republic of); Rama Manohar Reddy, N. [Department of Materials Science and Nanotechnology, Yogi Vemana University, Kadapa 516 227 (India); Siva Kumar, K.V. [Ceramic Composites Materials Laboratory, Sri Krishnadevaraya University, Anantapur 515 055 (India); Murthy, V.R.K. [Microwave Laboratory, IIT Madras, Chennai 600 036 (India)

2013-07-01

Highlights: • MgCuZn ferrite was successfully prepared by novel microwave sintering (MS) method. • The sintering temperature was notably reduced from 1150 °C to 950 °C for MS. • Temperature dependence of DC conductivity and AC conductivity are studied. • 1 wt% PBS glass added MS MgCuZn ferrite samples are suitable for core materials in multilayer chip inductors (MLCI). -- Abstract: A series of pure stoichiometric and 1 wt% lead borosilicate (PBS) glass added MgCuZn ferrite with the general formula Mg{sub 0.5}Cu{sub x}Zn{sub 0.5−x}Fe{sub 2}O{sub 4} with x = 0.05, 0.1, 0.15, 0.2, 0.25 and 0.3 were synthesized by microwave sintering technique. Single phase spinel structure is exhibited by the XRD patterns of these ferrites. DC and AC conductivity were investigated as a function of composition, temperature and frequency. DC conductivities were also estimated using the impedance spectroscopy analysis of Cole–Cole plots. The DC conductivities thus obtained are in good agreement with the experimental results. All the investigated samples exhibited two regions of conductivity one in the low temperature and the second in the high temperature region. It is observed that PBS glass added samples have lower conductivities than pure samples. Due to their lower conductivities and sintering temperatures the 1 wt% PBS glass added samples are suitable for multilayer chip inductor (MLCI) and high definition TV deflection yoke material application.

Crystal structure and magnetic properties of Y{sub 2}(Cu{sub 1−x}Mg{sub x}){sub 2}O{sub 5} obtained by SHS method

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Gebrel, Z., E-mail: z_gebrel@yahoo.com; Blanusa, J.; Kusigerski, V.; Spasojevic, V.; Mrakovic, A.; Perovic, M.; Alqat, A.

2014-01-05

Highlights: • Y{sub 2}(Cu{sub 1−x}Mg{sub x}){sub 2}O{sub 5} solid solutions were synthesized for the first time by SHS method. • Ferromagnetic interactions are weakened by the induced structure changes. • Metamagnetism of the Y{sub 2}Cu{sub 2}O{sub 5} is preserved up to 15% of Mg concentration. • Significant influence of finite-size Cu–O chains is observed at low temperatures. -- Abstract: The single-phase polycrystalline samples of Y{sub 2}(Cu{sub 1−x}Mg{sub x}){sub 2}O{sub 5}, x = 0.0, 0.05, 0.15 were successfully synthesized by a modified self-propagating high temperature synthesis. Effects of Mg{sup +2} substitution for Cu{sup +2} in metamagnetic Y{sub 2}Cu{sub 2}O{sub 5} on its crystal structure and magnetic properties have been analyzed by X-ray diffraction and magnetic measurements performed within 2–300 K range. Mg doping was found to introduce small distortions in the main intradimmer superexchange paths so that ferromagnetic correlations decrease with Mg concentration. More significant impact of Cu substitution was found on the low temperature magnetism due to the breaking of infinite Cu–O chains. The formation of finite size chains introduces low temperature paramagnetic contribution and reduction in Néel temperature. Overall results give a strong indication that the antiferromagnetic ordering as well as metamagnetism persists up to the 15% of the Mg concentration.

Highly charged swelling mica reduces Cu bioavailability in Cu-contaminated soils

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Stuckey, Jason W. [Department of Crop and Soil Sciences, Pennsylvania State University, 116 ASI Building, University Park, PA 16802 (United States); Neaman, Alexander [Facultad de Agronomia, P. Universidad Catolica de Valparaiso, Centro Regional de Estudios en Alimentos Saludables (Chile); Ravella, Ramesh; Komarneni, Sridhar [Department of Crop and Soil Sciences, Pennsylvania State University, 116 ASI Building, University Park, PA 16802 (United States); Martinez, Carmen Enid [Department of Crop and Soil Sciences, Pennsylvania State University, 116 ASI Building, University Park, PA 16802 (United States)], E-mail: cem17@psu.edu

2009-01-15

This is the first test of a highly charged swelling mica's (Na-2-mica) ability to reduce the plant-absorbed Cu in Cu-contaminated soils from Chile. Perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.) was grown in two acid soils (Sector 2: pH 4.2, total Cu = 172 mg Cu kg{sup -1} and Sector 3: pH 4.2, total Cu = 112 mg Cu kg{sup -1}) amended with 0.5% and 1% (w/w) mica, and 1% (w/w) montmorillonite. At 10 weeks of growth, both mica treatments decreased the shoot Cu of ryegrass grown in Sector 2 producing shoot Cu concentrations above 21-22 mg Cu kg{sup -1} (the phytotoxicity threshold for that species), yet the mica treatments did not reduce shoot Cu concentrations when grown in Sector 3, which were at a typical level. The mica treatments improved shoot growth in Sector 3 by reducing free and extractable Cu to low enough levels where other nutrients could compete for plant absorption and translocation. In addition, the mica treatments improved root growth in both soils, and the 1% mica treatment reduced root Cu in both soils. This swelling mica warrants further testing of its ability to assist re-vegetation and reduce Cu bioavailability in Cu-contaminated surface soils. - In situ remediation of Cu-contaminated soils with a synthetic mica (Na-2-mica) will aid in re-vegetative efforts.

Hydrodeoxygenation of furfuryl alcohol over Cu/MgAl and Cu/ZnAl catalysts derived from hydrotalcite-like precursors

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Natalia Andrea Pino

2017-01-01

Full Text Available The aqueous phase hydrodeoxygenation (HDO of furfuryl alcohol over Cu/MgAl and Cu/ZnAl catalysts with different Mg/Al and Zn/Al molar ratios, were investigated. Mg-Al and Zn-Al mixed oxides derived from hydrotalcites precursors were used as supports, which were impregnated with an aqueous solution of copper nitrate by incipient wetness impregnation. The HDO reaction was carried out in a typical batch reactor at 5 MPa of H2 and 200 °C for 4 h. Among the catalysts studied, the Cu/MgAl-0.5 catalyst exhibited the higher furfuryl alcohol conversion (86% and yield of cyclopentanol (35%, which is the reaction product with the highest hydrogen-carbon (H/C ratio. With the Cu/MgAl-3 catalyst a high cyclopentanone yield (67% was achieved. The results obtained, showed that copper supported on mixed oxides catalysts derived from hydrotalcite precursors are a promising alternative to improve the bio-oil quality.

Creep behaviour of a casting titanium carbide reinforced AlSi12CuNiMg piston alloy at elevated temperatures; Hochtemperaturkriechverhalten der schmelzmetallurgisch hergestellten dispersionsverstaerkten Kolbenlegierung AlSi12CuNiMg

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Michel, S.; Scholz, A. [Zentrum fuer Konstruktionswerkstoffe, TU Darmstadt (Germany); Tonn, B. [Institut fuer Metallurgie, TU Clausthal (Germany); Zak, H.

2012-03-15

This paper deals with the creep behaviour of the titanium carbide reinforced AlSi12CuNiMg piston alloy at 350 C and its comparison to the conventional AlSi12Cu4Ni2MgTiZr piston alloy. With only 0,02 vol-% TiC reinforcement the creep strength and creep rupture strength of the AlSi12CuNiMg piston alloy are significantly improved and reach the level of the expensive AlSi12Cu4Ni2MgTiZr alloy. (Copyright copyright 2012 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH and Co. KGaA, Weinheim)

Dosimetric characterization of a Tl new material of LiF: Mg, Cu, P; Caracterizacion dosimetrica de un nuevo material TL de LiF: Mg, Cu, P

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Gonzalez, P.R.; Avila, O. [ININ, 52045 Ocoyoacac, Estado de Mexico (Mexico); Quiroz, C. [UAEM, Facultad de Medicina, 50180, Toluca, Estado de Mexico (Mexico); Azorin, J. [UAM-I, 09340 Mexico D.F. (Mexico)

2004-07-01

In this work the method of preparation of a new material T L is described of LiF: Mg, Cu, P and the preliminary results of the tests corresponding to their dosimetric characterization are reported. The carried out tests were: detection threshold, sensitivity, dissipation of the sign T L, answer T L in function of the dose of radiation gamma, among others. The results showed that this material when receiving the one thermal treatment of having erased of 280 C by 10 min, followed by 100 C for two hours, he/she has a detection threshold ten times but I lower that that of the TLD-100, is 21 times but sensitive that that of reference and the dissipation of the sign T L during two months was null. This new material T L overcomes in many aspects to the commercial dosemeters of its type. (Author)

Insight into the short- and long-term effects of Cu(II) on denitrifying biogranules

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Chen, Hui; Chen, Qian-Qian; Jiang, Xiao-Yan; Hu, Hai-Yan; Shi, Man-Ling; Jin, Ren-Cun

2016-01-01

Highlights: • It is the first time to evaluate the effect of Cu"2"+ on denitrifying biogranules. • A high level of Cu(II) was investigated during batch assays and continuous tests. • Mechanisms of the effects of Cu"2"+ on denitrifying biogranules were discussed. • Effects of pre-exposure to Cu"2"+ and starvation treatments were investigated. - Abstract: This study aimed to investigate the short- and long-term effects of Cu"2"+ on the activity and performance of denitrifying bacteria. The short-term effects of various concentrations of Cu"2"+ on the denitrifying bacteria were evaluated using batch assays. The specific denitrifying activity (SDA) decreased from 14.3 ± 2.2 (without Cu"2"+) to 6.1 ± 0.1 mg N h"−"1 g"−"1 VSS (100 mgCu"2"+ L"−"1) when Cu"2"+ increased from 0 to 100 mg L"−"1 with an increment of 10 mgCu"2"+ L"−"1. A non-competitive inhibition model was used to calculate the 50% inhibition concentration (IC_5_0) of Cu"2"+ on denitrifying sludge (30.6 ± 2.5 mg L"−"1). Monod and Luong models were applied to investigate the influence of the initial substrate concentration, and the results suggested that the maximum substrate removal rate would be reduced with Cu"2"+ supplementation. Pre-exposure to Cu"2"+ could lead to an 18.2–46.2% decrease in the SDA and decreasing percentage of the SDA increased with both exposure time and concentration. In the continuous-flow test, Cu"2"+ concentration varied from 1 to 75 mg L"−"1; however, no clear deterioration was observed in the reactor, and the reactor was kept stable, with the total nitrogen removal efficiency and total organic carbon efficiency greater than 89.0 and 85.0%, respectively. The results demonstrated the short-term inhibition of Cu"2"+ upon denitrification, and no notable adversity was observed during the continuous-flow test after long-term acclimation.

The chemical phenol extraction of intermetallic particles from casting AlSi5Cu1Mg alloy.

Science.gov (United States)

Mrówka-Nowotnik, G; Sieniawski, J; Nowotnik, A

2010-03-01

This paper presents a chemical extraction technique for determination of intermetallic phases formed in the casting AlSi5Cu1Mg aluminium alloy. Commercial aluminium alloys contain a wide range of intermetallic particles that are formed during casting, homogenization and thermomechanical processing. During solidification, particles of intermetallics are dispersed in interdendritic spaces as fine primary phases. Coarse intermetallic compounds that are formed in this aluminium alloy are characterized by unique atomic arrangement (crystallographic structure), morphology, stability, physical and mechanical properties. The volume fraction, chemistry and morphology of the intermetallics significantly affect properties and material behaviour during thermomechanical processing. Therefore, accurate determination of intermetallics is essential to understand and control microstructural evolution in Al alloys. Thus, in this paper it is shown that chemical phenol extraction method can be applied for precise qualitative evaluation. The results of optical light microscopy LOM, scanning electron microscopy SEM and X-ray diffraction XRD analysis reveal that as-cast AlSi5Cu1Mg alloy contains a wide range of intermetallic phases such as Al(4)Fe, gamma- Al(3)FeSi, alpha-Al(8)Fe(2)Si, beta-Al(5)FeSi, Al(12)FeMnSi.

Al-Cu-Li and Al-Mg-Li alloys: Phase composition, texture, and anisotropy of mechanical properties (Review)

Science.gov (United States)

Betsofen, S. Ya.; Antipov, V. V.; Knyazev, M. I.

2016-04-01

The results of studying the phase transformations, the texture formation, and the anisotropy of the mechanical properties in Al-Cu-Li and Al-Mg-Li alloys are generalized. A technique and equations are developed to calculate the amounts of the S1 (Al2MgLi), T1 (Al2CuLi), and δ' (Al3Li) phases. The fraction of the δ' phase in Al-Cu-Li alloys is shown to be significantly higher than in Al-Mg-Li alloys. Therefore, the role of the T1 phase in the hardening of Al-Cu-Li alloys is thought to be overestimated, especially in alloys with more than 1.5% Li. A new model is proposed to describe the hardening of Al-Cu-Li alloys upon aging, and the results obtained with this model agree well with the experimental data. A texture, which is analogous to that in aluminum alloys, is shown to form in sheets semiproducts made of Al-Cu-Li and Al-Mg-Li alloys. The more pronounced anisotropy of the properties of lithium-containing aluminum alloys is caused by a significant fraction of the ordered coherent δ' phase, the deformation mechanism in which differs radically from that in the solid solution.

Stability of a1 mg/mL oral solution zidovudine

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Garcia Penna, Caridad Margarita; Morales Lacarrere, Ivan; Martinez Espinosa, Vivian

2011-01-01

The carrying out of a high-performance liquid chromatography analytical method was assessed; applicable to stability study of oral solution zidovudine (1 mg/mL) was made. The analytical method was linear, precise, specific and exact in the study concentrations. The stability study of oral solution zidovudine (1 mg/mL) was conducted determining expiring date. The shelf life study was conducted over 24 months at room temperature; whereas that of accelerated stability was conducted with the product under wet and temperature conditions; analysis was carried out over three months. Formula met quality specifications described in Pharmacopeia. Results from the shelf life study demonstrated that product keeps the parameters determining its quality during that time and in accelerated studies there was not significant product degradation. Under above mentioned conditions two years were established as expiring date

Non-isothermal precipitation behaviors of Al-Mg-Si-Cu alloys with different Zn contents

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Guo, M.X.; Zhang, Y.; Zhang, X.K.; Zhang, J.S.; Zhuang, L.Z.

2016-01-01

The non-isothermal precipitation behaviors of Al–Mg–Si–Cu alloys with different Zn contents were investigated by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) analysis, hardness measurement and high resolution transmission electron microscope characterization. The results show that Zn addition has a significant effect on the GP zone dissolution and precipitation of Al-Mg-Si-Cu alloys. And their activation energies change with the changes of Zn content and aging conditions. Precipitation kinetics can be improved by adding 0.5 wt% or 3.0 wt%Zn, while be suppressed after adding 1.5 wt%Zn. The Mg-Si precipitates (GP zones and β″) are still the main precipitates in the Al-Mg-Si-Cu alloys after heated up to 250 °C, and no Mg-Zn precipitates are observed in the Zn-added alloy due to the occurrence of Mg-Zn precipitates reversion. The measured age-hardening responses of the alloys are corresponding to the predicted results by the established precipitation kinetic equations. Additionally, a double-hump phenomenon of hardness appears in the artificial aging of pre-aged alloy with 3.0 wt% Zn addition, which resulted from the formation of pre-β″ and β″ precipitates. Finally, the precipitation mechanism of Al-Mg-Si-Cu alloys with different Zn contents was proposed based on the microstructure evolution and interaction forces between Mg, Si and Zn atoms.

Fabrication and properties of high-strength extruded brass using elemental mixture of Cu-40% Zn alloy powder and Mg particle

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Atsumi, Haruhiko, E-mail: atsumi-h@jwri.osaka-u.ac.jp [Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871 (Japan); Imai, Hisashi; Li, Shufeng; Kondoh, Katsuyoshi [Joining and Welding Research Institute, Osaka University, 11-1 Mihogaoka, Ibaraki, Osaka 567-0047 (Japan); Kousaka, Yoshiharu; Kojima, Akimichi [San-etsu Metals Co. Ltd., 1892 Ohta, Tonami, Toyama 939-1315 (Japan)

2012-08-15

In this paper, high-strength brass (Cu-40% Zn) alloy with magnesium (Mg) element was fabricated via powder technology process, and the effect of the additive Mg element on microstructural and mechanical properties of extruded brass alloys with {alpha}-{beta} duplex phases was investigated. Pre-mixed Cu-40% Zn alloy powder with 0.5-1.5 mass% pure Mg powder (Cu-40% Zn + Mg) was consolidated using a spark plasma sintering (SPS) equipment. SPSed Cu-40% Zn + Mg specimens consisted of {alpha}-{beta} duplex phases containing Mg(Cu{sub 1-x}Zn{sub x}){sub 2} intermetallic compounds (IMCs) with a mean particle size of 10-30 {mu}m in diameter. The IMCs were completely dissolved in the {alpha}-{beta} duplex phases by a heat-treatment at 973 K for 15 min; thus, in order to disperse fine IMCs on {alpha}-{beta} duplex phase matrix, the SPSed Cu-40% Zn + Mg specimens were pre-heated at the solid solutionizing condition, and immediately extruded. The extruded specimen exhibited fine {alpha}-{beta} duplex phases, containing very fine precipitates of the above Mg(Cu{sub 1-x}Zn{sub x}){sub 2} IMCs with 0.5-3.0 {mu}m in diameter. In particular, a mean grain size of the extruded Cu-40% Zn + 1.0% Mg specimen was 3.32 {mu}m analyzed using an electron back-scattered diffraction. Tensile properties of the extruded Cu-40% Zn + 1.0% Mg specimen were an average value of yield strength (YS): 328 MPa, ultimate tensile strength (UTS): 553 MPa, and 25% elongation. This indicated that the extruded Cu-40% Zn + 1.0% Mg specimen revealed the significantly high-strength properties compared to a conventional binary brass alloy with 229 MPa YS and 464 MPa UTS. A high strengthening mechanism of this wrought brass alloy was mainly due to the grain refinement because of a pinning effect by the fine Mg(Cu{sub 1-x}Zn{sub x}){sub 2} precipitates at the boundaries of each phase. -- Highlights: Black-Right-Pointing-Pointer New high-strength extruded brass alloy with Mg was fabricated via powder metallurgy. Black

Atomic structure of glassy Mg60Cu30Y10 investigated with EXAFS, x-ray and neutron diffraction, and reverse Monte Carlo simulations

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Jovari, P.; Saksl, K.; Pryds, Nini

2007-01-01

Short range order of amorphous Mg60Cu30Y10 was investigated by x-ray and neutron diffraction, Cu and Y K-edge x-ray absorption fine structure measurements, and the reverse Monte Carlo simulation technique. We found that Mg-Mg and Mg-Cu nearest neighbor distances are very similar to values found...... in crystalline Mg2Cu. The Cu-Y coordination number is 1.1 +/- 0.2, and the Cu-Y distance is similar to 4% shorter than the sum of atomic radii, suggesting that attraction between Cu and Y plays an important role in stabilizing the glassy state. Thermal stability and structure evolution upon annealing were also...

Catalytic properties of pure and K+-doped Cu O/Mg O system towards 2-propanol conversion

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

El-Molla, S. A.; Amin, N. H.; Hammed, M. N.; Sultan, S. N.; El-Shobaky, G. A.

2013-01-01

Cu O/Mg O system having different compositions was prepared by impregnation method followed by calcination at 400-900 C. The effect of Cu O content, calcination temperature and doping with small amounts of K + species (1-3 mol %) on physicochemical, surface and catalytic properties of the system were investigated using X-ray diffraction, adsorption of N 2 at - 196 C, and conversion of isopropyl alcohol at 150-400 C using a flow technique. The results revealed that the solids having the formulae 0.2 and 0.3 Cu O/Mg O calcined at 400 C consisted of nano sized Mg O and Cu O as major phases together with Cu 2 O as minor phase. The Bet-surface areas of different absorbents are decreased by increasing Cu O content, calcination temperature and K + -doping. Mg O-support material showed very small catalytic activity in 2-propanol conversion. The investigated system behaved as selective catalyst for dehydrogenation of 2-propanol with selectivity >80%. The catalytic activity increased by increasing Cu O content and decreased by increasing the calcination temperature within 400-900 C. K + -doping increased the catalytic activity and catalytic durability. (Author)

Toxicity of nanoparticles of CuO, ZnO and TiO2 to microalgae Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata.

Science.gov (United States)

Aruoja, Villem; Dubourguier, Henri-Charles; Kasemets, Kaja; Kahru, Anne

2009-02-01

Toxicities of ZnO, TiO2 and CuO nanoparticles to Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata were determined using OECD 201 algal growth inhibition test taking in account potential shading of light. The results showed that the shading effect by nanoparticles was negligible. ZnO nanoparticles were most toxic followed by nano CuO and nano TiO2. The toxicities of bulk and nano ZnO particles were both similar to that of ZnSO4 (72 h EC50 approximately 0.04 mg Zn/l). Thus, in this low concentration range the toxicity was attributed solely to solubilized Zn2+ ions. Bulk TiO2 (EC50=35.9 mg Ti/l) and bulk CuO (EC50=11.55 mg Cu/l) were less toxic than their nano formulations (EC50=5.83 mg Ti/l and 0.71 mg Cu/l). NOEC (no-observed-effect-concentrations) that may be used for risk assessment purposes for bulk and nano ZnO did not differ (approximately 0.02 mg Zn/l). NOEC for nano CuO was 0.42 mg Cu/l and for bulk CuO 8.03 mg Cu/l. For nano TiO2 the NOEC was 0.98 mg Ti/l and for bulk TiO2 10.1 mg Ti/l. Nano TiO2 formed characteristic aggregates entrapping algal cells that may contribute to the toxic effect of nano TiO2 to algae. At 72 h EC50 values of nano CuO and CuO, 25% of copper from nano CuO was bioavailable and only 0.18% of copper from bulk CuO. Thus, according to recombinant bacterial and yeast Cu-sensors, copper from nano CuO was 141-fold more bioavailable than from bulk CuO. Also, toxic effects of Cu oxides to algae were due to bioavailable copper ions. To our knowledge, this is one of the first systematic studies on effects of metal oxide nanoparticles on algal growth and the first describing toxic effects of nano CuO towards algae.

Micronutrients (B, Co, Cu, Fe, Mn, Mo, and Zn) content in made tea (Camellia sinensis L.) and tea infusion with health prospect: A critical review.

Science.gov (United States)

Karak, Tanmoy; Kutu, Funso Raphael; Nath, Jyoti Rani; Sonar, Indira; Paul, Ranjit Kumar; Boruah, Romesh Kumar; Sanyal, Sandip; Sabhapondit, Santanu; Dutta, Amrit Kumar

2017-09-22

Tea (Camellia sinensis L.) is a perennial acidophilic crop, and known to be a nonalcoholic stimulating beverage that is most widely consumed after water. The aim of this review paper is to provide a detailed documentation of selected micronutrient contents, viz. boron (B), cobalt (Co), copper (Cu), iron (Fe), manganese (Mn), molybdenum (Mo), and zinc (Zn) in made tea and tea infusion. Available data from the literature were used to calculate human health aspect associated with the consumption of tea infusion. A wide range of micronutrients reported in both made tea and tea infusion could be the major sources of micronutrients for human. The content of B, Co, Cu, Fe, Mn, Mo, and Zn in made tea are ranged from 3.04 to 58.44 μg g -1 , below detectable limit (BDL) to 122.4 μg g -1 , BDL to 602 μg g -1 , 0.275 to 13,040 μg g -1 , 0.004 to 15,866 μg g -1 , 0.04 to 570.80 μg g -1 and 0.01 to 1120 μg g -1 , respectively. Only 3.2 μg L -1 to 7.25 mg L -1 , 0.01 μg L -1 to 7 mg L -1 , 3.80 μg L -1 to 6.13 mg L -1 , 135.59 μg L -1 -11.05 mg L -1 , 0.05 μg L -1 to 1980.34 mg L -1 , 0.012 to 3.78 μg L -1 , and 1.12 μg L -1 to 2.32 μg L -1 of B, Co, Cu, Fe, Mn, Mo, and Zn, respectively, are found in tea infusion which are lower than the prescribed limit of micronutrients in drinking water by World Health Organization. Furthermore, micronutrient contents in tea infusion depend on infusion procedure as well as on the instrument used for analysis. The proportion of micronutrients found in different tea types are 1.0-88.9% for B, 10-60% for Co, 2.0-97.8% for Cu, 67.8-89.9% for Fe, 71.0-87.4% for Mn, 13.3-34% for Mo, and 34.9-83% for Zn. From the results, it can also be concluded that consumption of three cups of tea infusion per day does not have any adverse effect on human health with respect to the referred micronutrients rather got beneficial effects to human.

Thermodynamic description of the Al-Cu-Mg-Mn-Si quinary system and its application to solidification simulation

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Chang, Keke; Liu, Shuhong; Zhao, Dongdong; Du, Yong; Zhou, Liangcai; Chen, Li

2011-01-01

By means of the first-principles calculations, the enthalpy of formation for the quaternary phase in the Al-Cu-Mg-Si system was computed. A set of self-consistent thermodynamic parameters for the Al-Cu-Mg-Si and Al-Cu-Mn-Si systems was then obtained using CALPHAD approach taking into account the reliable experimental data and the first-principles calculations. The thermodynamic database for the Al-Cu-Mg-Mn-Si system was developed based on the constituent binary, ternary, and quaternary systems. Comprehensive comparisons between the calculated and measured phase diagrams and invariant reactions showed that the experimental information was satisfactorily accounted for by the present thermodynamic description. The obtained database was used to describe the solidification behavior of Al alloys B319.1 (90.2Al-6Si-3.5Cu-0.3Mg, in wt.%) and B319.1 + xMn (x = 0.5-2, in wt.%) under Gulliver-Scheil non-equilibrium condition. The reliability of the present thermodynamic database was also verified by the good agreement between calculation and experiment for Gulliver-Scheil non-equilibrium solidification.

Structural and magnetic properties of Ni0.15Mg0.1Cu0.3Zn0.45Fe2O4 ferrite prepared by NaOH-precipitation method

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Hou, Wei-xiao; Wang, Zhi

2015-01-01

Highlights: • NiMgCuZn ferrites were successfully prepared by low-temperature sintering. • NiMgCuZn ferrites have the advantages of both NiCuZn and MgCuZn ferrites. • NiMgCuZn ferrites exhibit high Curie temperature & high stability of permeability. - Abstract: The Ni 0.15 Mg 0.1 Cu 0.3 Zn 0.45 Fe 2 O 4 ferrite powders have been prepared by NaOH co-precipitation method and characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM). The XRD patterns confirm the single phase spinel structure of synthesized nanoparticles. The average crystallite size of the particles increases from 12 to 36 nm with calcining temperature (T a ) from 500 to 800 °C. The saturation magnetization (M s ) of the superparamagnetic particles was deduced by Langevin theory. Subsequently, the densification characteristics and magnetic properties of the low-temperature 950 °C-sintered ferrite bulk samples were also investigated. The magnetic measurement showed that the sintered bulk sample of T a = 600 °C has the highest initial permeability (μ i ), lowest coercivity (H c ), largest saturation magnetization (M s ) and satisfactory thermal stability of μ i . The microstructures of sintered samples were examined using field emission scanning electric microscope (FESEM). The T a has significant influence on the bulk density, initial permeability, saturation magnetization and coercivity of Ni 0.15 Mg 0.1 Cu 0.3 Zn 0.45 Fe 2 O 4 ferrite

Evaluation of the microstructure of Al-Cu-Li-Ag-Mg Weldalite (tm) alloys, part 4

Science.gov (United States)

Pickens, Joseph R.; Kumar, K. S.; Brown, S. A.; Gayle, Frank W.

1991-01-01

Weldalite (trademark) 049 is an Al-Cu-Li-Ag-Mg alloy designed to have ultrahigh strength and to serve in aerospace applications. The alloy displays significantly higher strength than competitive alloys in both naturally aged and artificially aged tempers. The strengthening phases in such tempers have been identified to, in part, explain the mechanical properties attained. In general, the alloy is strengthened by delta prime Al3Li and Guinier-Preston (GP) zones in the naturally aged tempers. In artificially aged tempers in slightly underaged conditions, strengthening is provided by several phases including GP zones, theta prime Al2Cu, S prime Al2CuMg, T(sub 1) Al2CuLi, and possibly a new phase. In the peak strength artificially aged tempers, T(sub 1) is the predominant strengthening phase.

Altered physiology, cell structure and gene expression of Theobroma cacao seedlings submitted to Cu toxicity

Science.gov (United States)

Theobroma cacao seedlings from the genotype CCN 51 were grown under greenhouse conditions and exposed to increasing concentrations of Cu (0.005, 1, 2, 4, 8, 16 and 32 mg Cu L-1) in nutrient solution. When doses were equal or higher than 8 mg Cu L-1, after 24 h of treatment application, leaf gas exch...

Effect of substrate on texture and mechanical properties of Mg-Cu-Zn thin films

Science.gov (United States)

Eshaghi, F.; Zolanvari, A.

2018-04-01

In this work, thin films of Mg-Cu-Zn with 60 nm thicknesses have been deposited on the Si(100), Al, stainless steel, and Cu substrates using DC magnetron sputtering. FESEM images displayed uniformity of Mg-Cu-Zn particles on the different substrates. AFM micrograph revealed the roughness of thin film changes due to the different kinds of the substrates. XRD measurements showed the existence of strong Mg (002) reflections and weak Mg (101) peaks. Residual stress and adhesion force have been measured as the mechanical properties of the Mg-Cu-Zn thin films. The residual stresses of thin films which have been investigated by X-ray diffraction method revealed that the thin films sputtered on the Si and Cu substrates endure minimum and maximum stresses, respectively, during the deposition process. However, the force spectroscopy analysis indicated that the films grew on the Si and Cu experienced maximum and minimum adhesion force. The texture analysis has been done using XRD instrument to make pole figures of Mg (002) and Mg (101) reflections. ODFs have been calculated to evaluate the distribution of the orientations within the thin films. It was found that the texture and stress have an inverse relation, while the texture and the adhesion force of the Mg-Cu-Zn thin films have direct relation. A thin film that sustains the lowest residual stresses and highest adhesive force had the strongest {001} basal fiber texture.

Effect of ageing time 200 °C on microstructure behaviour of Al-Zn-Cu-Mg cast alloys

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Pratiwi Diah Kusuma

2017-01-01

Full Text Available Al-Zn-Cu-Mg is heat treatable alloy that can be used in many hightech applications, such as aerospace and military. The main objective of this study is to investigate the influence of ageing process in microstrucure behaviour of Al-9Zn-5Cu-4Mg cast alloy by performing SEM analysis and its correlation with hardness tests of as-cast Al-9Zn-5Cu-4Mg alloy and heat treated Al-9Zn-5Cu-4Mg cast alloy. The results show the deployment of precipitation spread over the dendrite and also the presence of second phases Mg3Zn3Al2 , Cu2FeAl7 , CuAl2, and CuMgAl2 in as-cast Al-9Zn-5Cu-4Mg alloy. The presence of all these second phases are affecting to the toughness of aluminium alloy and the presence of MgZn2 leads the impairment of hardness value of heat-treated Al-9Zn-5Cu-5Mg cast alloy.

The intergranular corrosion behavior of 6000-series alloys with different Mg/Si and Cu content

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Zou, Yun; Liu, Qing, E-mail: qingliu@cqu.edu.cn; Jia, Zhihong, E-mail: zhihongjia@cqu.edu.cn; Xing, Yuan; Ding, Lipeng; Wang, Xueli

2017-05-31

Highlights: • High Cu alloy with high Mg/Si ratio has the best comprehensive property. • Addition of excess Mg could improve the intergranular corrosion resistance. • Si containing particles on the grain boundaries of Si-rich alloys promote IGC. • IGC susceptibility depends primarily on Cu content and secondarily on Mg/Si ratio. - Abstract: 6000-series aluminium alloys with high Cu or excess Si addition were susceptible to intergranular corrosion (IGC). In order to obtain good IGC resistance, four alloys with low/high Cu and various Mg/Si ratios were designed. The corrosion behaviour of four alloys was investigated by accelerated corrosion test, electrochemical test and electron microscopies. It was revealed that IGC susceptibility of alloys was the result of microgalvanic coupling between the noble grain boundary precipitates and the adjacent precipitates free zone (PFZ), which was closely related to a combination of Cu content and the Mg/Si ratio. Excess Mg could improve the IGC resistance of alloys by forming discontinuous precipitates on the grain boundaries. The designed alloy with high Cu and excess Mg has the same corrosion level as the commercial alloy with low Cu and excess Si, which provides possibility for developing new alloy.

Age hardening of a sintered Al-Cu-Mg-Si-(Sn) alloy

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Kent, D.; Schaffer, G.B.; Drennan, J.

2005-01-01

The age hardening response of a sintered Al-3.8 wt% Cu-1.0 wt% Mg-0.70 wt% Si alloy with and without 0.1 wt% Sn was investigated. The sequence of precipitation was characterised using transmission electron microscopy. The ageing response of the sintered Al-Cu-Mg-Si-(Sn) alloy is similar to that of cognate wrought 2xxx series alloys. Peak hardness was associated with a fine, uniform dispersion of lath shaped precipitates, believed to be either the β'or Q' phase, oriented along α directions and θ' plates lying on {0 0 1} α planes. Natural ageing also resulted in comparable behaviour to that observed in wrought alloys. Porosity in the powder metallurgy alloys did not significantly affect the kinetics of precipitation during artificial ageing. Trace levels of tin, used to aid sintering, slightly reduced the hardening response of the alloy. However, this was compensated for by significant improvements in density and hardness

Stability of the post irradiation traps in LiF: Mg, Cu, P

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Gonzalez, P.R.; Furetta, C.; Azorin, J.

2004-01-01

In this work the results of the study of the stability of the traps are presented in dosemeters Tl of LiF: Mg,Cu,P, irradiated with gamma radiation of 60 Co. The studied dosemeters were of LiF: Mg,Cu,P + Ptfe, developed in the ININ, taking like reference to the commercial dosemeter GR200A of Chinese manufacture. Before being exposed to the radiation, the dosemeters received their standard treatment from having erased, two hours after the irradiation they took the initial readings. The dosemeters faded again and they were irradiated to the same dose, soon after they stayed under normal conditions, protected of the light, later on they were taken their readings periodically during six months. The readings taken Tl the same day of the irradiation presented four peaks whose energy, determined by the deconvolution method were; 1.30 ± 0.01 eV, 1.50 ± 0.01 eV, 1.70 ± 0.01 eV and 2.58 ± 0.02 eV, for LiF: Mg,Cu,P + Ptfe, while GR200A stops the energy they were: 1.33 ± 0.11 eV, 1.58 ± 0.11 eV, 1.73 ± 0.11 eV and 2.60 ± 0.03 eV. In both cases the peak 1, with the energy but it lowers, it disappears completely after some later hours to the irradiation, while the peak 2, it disappears completely after 122 days for the local dosemeter and after 94 days for the commercial dosemeter. The energy of the peaks 3 and 4 that remained visible during the whole period of study it was: 1.38 ± 0.01 eV and 2.65 ± 0.01 eV, for LiF: Mg,Cu,P + Ptfe respectively, in the same order for GR200A, the energies were: 1.51 ± 0.02 eV and 2.64 ± 0.03 eV. In all the cases the peaks with energy below 2 eV, showed tendency to the drop, while the main peak, showed certain tendency to increase, as they show it the results. (Author)

Solidifying incongruently melting intermetallic phases as bulk single phases using the example of Al{sub 2}Cu and Q-phase in the Al-Mg-Cu-Si system

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Loeffler, Andrea [Institute of Materials Science and Technology, Friedrich-Schiller-University, Jena (Germany); Groebner, Joachim; Hampl, Milan [Institute of Metallurgy, Clausthal University of Technology, Clausthal-Zellerfeld (Germany); Engelhardt, Hannes [Institute of Materials Science and Technology, Friedrich-Schiller-University, Jena (Germany); Schmid-Fetzer, Rainer [Institute of Metallurgy, Clausthal University of Technology, Clausthal-Zellerfeld (Germany); Rettenmayr, Markus, E-mail: M.Rettenmayr@uni-jena.de [Institute of Materials Science and Technology, Friedrich-Schiller-University, Jena (Germany)

2012-02-25

Highlights: Black-Right-Pointing-Pointer Samples consisting of pure Al{sub 2}Cu and 95% Q-phase respectively were prepared. Black-Right-Pointing-Pointer The Q-phase composition is Al{sub 17}Cu{sub 9}Mg{sub 44}Si{sub 30}, its solubility range is negligible. Black-Right-Pointing-Pointer The Q-phase peritectic temperature was determined by DSC measurements as 703 Degree-Sign C. Black-Right-Pointing-Pointer A new thermodynamic dataset for the Q-phase has been assessed. - Abstract: Plane front directional solidification experiments were carried out for preparing incongruently melting intermetallic phases in the quaternary alloy system Al-Cu-Mg-Si, particularly the binary Al{sub 2}Cu phase and the quaternary phase ('Q-phase'). By this method, bulk samples that consist of only a single phase are generated. Sample sections consisting of 100% single phase Al{sub 2}Cu and of 95% Q-phase, respectively, were obtained. The composition of the Q-phase was measured by Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy (EDX). The measured concentrations are close to the Al{sub 3}Cu{sub 2}Mg{sub 9}Si{sub 7} composition that has recently been predicted as most stable by ab initio calculations. A peritectic temperature of 703 Degree-Sign C for the reaction Q {yields} L + Mg{sub 2}Si + (Si) was determined by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). An optimization of the Calphad database was performed considering the measured composition and peritectic temperature. For validating the optimized database, Scheil calculations were performed and compared with the experimentally determined sequence of solidifying phases.

Influence of copper composition on mechanical properties of biodegradable material Mg-Zn-Cu for orthopedic application

Science.gov (United States)

Purniawan, A.; Maulidiah, H. M.; Purwaningsih, H.

2018-04-01

Implant is usually used as a treatment of bone fracture. At the moment, non-biodegradable implants is still widely employed in this application. Non-biodegradable implant requires re-surgery to retrieve implants that are installed in the body. It increase the cost and it is painful for the patient itself. In order to solve the problem, Mg-based biodegradable metals is developing so that the material will be compatible with body and gradually degrade in patient's body. However, magnesium has several disadvantages such as high degradation rates and low mechanical properties when compared to the mechanical properties of natural bone. Therefore, it is necessary to add elements into the magnesium alloy. In this research, copper (Cu) was alloyed in Mg alloy based biodegradable material. In addition, Cu is not only strengthening the structure but also for supporting element for the immune system, antibacterial and antifungal. The purpose of this research is to improve mechanical properties of Mg-based biodegradable material using Cu alloying. Powder metallurgy method was used to fabricate the device. The variation used in this research is the composition of Cu (0.5, 1, and 1.5% Cu). The porosity test was performed using apparent porosity test, compressive test and hardness test to know the mechanical properties of the alloy, and the weightless test to find out the material degradation rate. Based on the results can be conclude that Mg-Zn-Cu alloy material with 1% Cu composition is the most suitable specimen to be applied as a candidate for orthopedic devices material with hardness value is 393.6 MPa. Also obtained the value of the compressive test is 153 MPa.

Catalytic properties of pure and K{sup +}-doped Cu O/Mg O system towards 2-propanol conversion

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

El-Molla, S. A.; Amin, N. H.; Hammed, M. N.; Sultan, S. N. [Ain Shams University, Faculty of Education, Chemistry Department, Roxy, Heliopolis, Cairo 11757 (Egypt); El-Shobaky, G. A., E-mail: saharelmolla@yahoo.com [National Research Center, Dokki, Cairo (Egypt)

2013-08-01

Cu O/Mg O system having different compositions was prepared by impregnation method followed by calcination at 400-900 C. The effect of Cu O content, calcination temperature and doping with small amounts of K{sup +} species (1-3 mol %) on physicochemical, surface and catalytic properties of the system were investigated using X-ray diffraction, adsorption of N{sub 2} at - 196 C, and conversion of isopropyl alcohol at 150-400 C using a flow technique. The results revealed that the solids having the formulae 0.2 and 0.3 Cu O/Mg O calcined at 400 C consisted of nano sized Mg O and Cu O as major phases together with Cu{sub 2}O as minor phase. The Bet-surface areas of different absorbents are decreased by increasing Cu O content, calcination temperature and K{sup +}-doping. Mg O-support material showed very small catalytic activity in 2-propanol conversion. The investigated system behaved as selective catalyst for dehydrogenation of 2-propanol with selectivity >80%. The catalytic activity increased by increasing Cu O content and decreased by increasing the calcination temperature within 400-900 C. K{sup +}-doping increased the catalytic activity and catalytic durability. (Author)

Thermomechanical Treatments on High Strength Al-Zn-Mg(-Cu) Alloys

National Research Council Canada - National Science Library

Di Russo, E; Conserva, M; Gatto, F

1974-01-01

An investigation was carried out to determine the metallurgical properties of Al-Zn-Mg and Al-Zn-Mg-Cu alloy products processed according to newly developed Final Thermomechanical Treatments (FTMT) of T-AHA type...

Measurements of low photon doses using LiF:Mg,Cu,P and CaF{sub 2}:Cu dosimeters

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Prokert, K [Dresden Univ. of Technology (Germany). Inst. of Radiation Protection Physics; Mann, G [Dresden Univ. of Technology (Germany). Inst. of Radiation Protection Physics

1997-03-01

The new thermoluminophors LiF:Mg, Cu, P and CaF{sub 2}:Cu in form of pellets exhibit a significantly higher TL-response than the well-known dosimeters of the types TLD-100 (LiF:Mg, Ti), TLD-400 (CaF{sub 2}:Mn), TLD-900 (CaSO{sub 4}:Dy), etc. Furthermore, the thermoluminophor LiF:Mg, Cu, P shows besides its high sensitivity a good tissue equivalence and therefore, only a small variation of the dose response with the photon energy. The lower limits of detection of these new materials are about 5 {mu}Gy and 0.2 {mu}Gy resp. Therefore, short term measurements of absorbed dose can be realised in radiation fields at very low dose rates (environmental radiation, scattering radiation at medical equipment`s etc.) with an accuracy of {+-}10%. In the field of environmental monitoring the period of exposure can be limited to about 10 days. Using CaF{sub 2}:Cu detectors an exposure of 24 hours is sufficient for dose measurements with lower accuracy. The reusability of CaF{sub 2}:Cu pellets is guaranteed without loss of sensitivity independently of the application of different reading and annealing procedures. In the case of LiF:Mg, Cu, P detectors special procedures are needed in order to keep constant TL-properties. The results of dose measurements at low dose levels in different radiation fields demonstrate the advantages of these detector types. (orig.)

The influence of Mg/Si ratio on the negative natural aging effect in Al–Mg–Si–Cu alloys

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Tao, G.H.; Liu, C.H.; Chen, J.H.; Lai, Y.X.; Ma, P.P.; Liu, L.M.

2015-01-01

The effects of natural aging (NA) on subsequent artificial aging (AA) at 180 °C in Al–Mg–Si–Cu alloys with varied Mg/Si ratios (0.5, 1 and 2) were systematically studied by Vickers micro-hardness measurements, differential scanning calorimetry and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The alloy with large Mg/Si ratio possesses a significant negative NA effect on the maximum hardness achieved during AA preceded by an extended NA, while the alloy with small Mg/Si ratio shows a negligible negative NA effect. Though few lath-like Q''/L precipitates exist, needle-like β'' precipitates are the primary hardening precipitates in all the peak-aged alloys. The negative NA effect is demonstrated to be determined by precipitate coarsening, which is manifested microscopically as the broader precipitate length distributions (PLD) and shift of PLD toward larger length range, in AA with the prolonging of NA. Our results suggest the nature of NA clusters is quite different in Al–Mg–Si–Cu alloy varying in Mg/Si ratio. Only a small fraction of NA clusters in alloy with large Mg/Si ratio are stable and could induce preferential growth of precipitates to be considerably coarsened during AA. A large fraction of stable NA clusters in alloy with low Mg/Si ratio lead to synchronous growth of β'' precipitates, thus restricting the preferential growth

Glomus mosseae enhances root growth and Cu and Pb acquisition of upland rice (Oryza sativa L.) in contaminated soils.

Science.gov (United States)

Lin, Aijun; Zhang, Xuhong; Yang, Xiaojin

2014-12-01

A pot culture experiment was carried out to investigate the roles of Glomus mosseae in Cu and Pb acquisition by upland rice (Oryza sativa L.) and the interactions between Cu and Pb. The soil was treated with three Cu levels (0, 100 and 200 mg kg(-1)) and three Pb levels (0, 300, and 600 mg kg(-1)). All treatments were designed with (+M) or without (-M) G. mosseae inoculation in a randomized block design. The addition of Cu and Pb significantly decreased root mycorrhizal colonization. Compared with -M, +M significantly increased root biomass in almost all treatments, and also significantly increased shoot biomass in the Pb(0)Cu(200), Pb(300)Cu(0), and all Pb(600) treatments. AM fungi enhanced plant Cu acquisition, but decreased plant Cu concentrations with all Cu plus Pb treatments, except for shoot in the Cu(200)Pb(600) treatment. Irrespective of Cu and Pb levels, +M plants had higher Pb uptakes than -M plants, but had lower root Pb and higher shoot Pb concentrations than those of -M plants. Another interpretation for the higher shoot Pb concentration in +M plants relied on Cu-Pb interactions. The study provided further evidences for the protective effects of AM fungi on upland rice against Cu and Pb contamination, and uncovered the phenomenon that Cu addition could promote Pb uptake and Pb partitioning to shoot. The possible mechanisms by which AM fungi can alleviate the toxicity induced by Cu and Pb are also discussed.

Phase diagrams for systems Cu2S-AIIS (AII=Mg, Ca, Sr, Ba)

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Andreev, O.V.; Sikerina, N.V.; Solov'eva, A.V.

2005-01-01

By the methods of physicochemical analysis phase diagrams of Cu 2 S-A II S (A II =Mg, Ca, Sr, Ba) systems are studied. The system Cu 2 S-SrS is of eutectic type with eutectic coordinates 1095 K and 21.5 mol.% of SrS. Solubility of SrS in Cu 2 S is 2 mol.% at 1095 K. Regularities of phase diagram changes of Cu 2 S-A II S (A II =Mg, Ca, Sr, Ba) system are determined. Thermodynamic analysis is done [ru

RESEARCH OF FATIGUE AND MECHANICAL PROPERTIES AlMg1SiCu ALUMINIUM ALLOYS

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Mária Mihaliková

2015-11-01

Full Text Available The paper is concerned with an analysis of utility and fatigue properties of industrially produced aluminium alloy, specifically EN AW 6061 (AlMg1SiCu, reinforced with the particles of SiC. The following properties were subject to evaluation: microstructure and sub-structure, mechanical characteristics. All of these mechanical properties in pre- and post- equal channel angular pressed (ECAP state have been studied. The hardness was evaluated by Vickers hardness test at the load of HV10. The significant part the thesis was devoted to the fatigue properties at cyclic load in torsion. The presented results demonstrate well that the combination of fractography and microscopy can give a significant contribution to the knowledge of initiation and propagation crack in the aluminium alloy.

CH{sub 4} dehydrogenation on Cu(1 1 1), Cu@Cu(1 1 1), Rh@Cu(1 1 1) and RhCu(1 1 1) surfaces: A comparison studies of catalytic activity

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Zhang, Riguang; Duan, Tian [Key Laboratory of Coal Science and Technology of Ministry of Education and Shanxi Province, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, Shanxi (China); Ling, Lixia [Key Laboratory of Coal Science and Technology of Ministry of Education and Shanxi Province, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, Shanxi (China); Research Institute of Special Chemicals, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, Shanxi (China); Wang, Baojun, E-mail: wangbaojun@tyut.edu.cn [Key Laboratory of Coal Science and Technology of Ministry of Education and Shanxi Province, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, Shanxi (China)

2015-06-30

Highlights: • Adsorbed Rh atom on Cu catalyst exhibits better catalytic activity for CH{sub 4} dehydrogenation. • The adsorbed Rh atom is the reaction active center for CH{sub 4} dehydrogenation. • The morphology of Cu substrate has negligible effect on CH{sub 4} dehydrogenation. - Abstract: In the CVD growth of graphene, the reaction barriers of the dehydrogenation for hydrocarbon molecules directly decide the graphene CVD growth temperature. In this study, density functional theory method has been employed to comparatively probe into CH{sub 4} dehydrogenation on four types of Cu(1 1 1) surface, including the flat Cu(1 1 1) surface (labeled as Cu(1 1 1)) and the Cu(1 1 1) surface with one surface Cu atom substituted by one Rh atom (labeled as RhCu(1 1 1)), as well as the Cu(1 1 1) surface with one Cu or Rh adatom (labeled as Cu@Cu(1 1 1) and Rh@Cu(1 1 1), respectively). Our results show that the highest barrier of the whole CH{sub 4} dehydrogenation process is remarkably reduced from 448.7 and 418.4 kJ mol{sup −1} on the flat Cu(1 1 1) and Cu@Cu(1 1 1) surfaces to 258.9 kJ mol{sup −1} on RhCu(1 1 1) surface, and to 180.0 kJ mol{sup −1} on Rh@Cu(1 1 1) surface, indicating that the adsorbed or substituted Rh atom on Cu catalyst can exhibit better catalytic activity for CH{sub 4} complete dehydrogenation; meanwhile, since the differences for the highest barrier between Cu@Cu(1 1 1) and Cu(1 1 1) surfaces are smaller, the catalytic behaviors of Cu@Cu(1 1 1) surface are very close to the flat Cu(1 1 1) surface, suggesting that the morphology of Cu substrate does not obviously affect the dehydrogenation of CH{sub 4}, which accords with the reported experimental observations. As a result, the adsorbed or substituted Rh atom on Cu catalyst exhibit a better catalytic activity for CH{sub 4} dehydrogenation compared to the pure Cu catalyst, especially on Rh-adsorbed Cu catalyst, we can conclude that the potential of synthesizing high-quality graphene with the

TEM Nanostructural Study of Al-6Si-3Cu-Mg Melt-Spun Ribbons

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Ismeli Alfonso López

2008-01-01

Full Text Available Three quaternary Al-6Si-3Cu-xMg (x = 0.59, 3.80, and 6.78 wt.% alloys were produced by melt-spun and characterized using X-ray diffractometry (XRD, transmission electron microscopy (TEM, and microhardness techniques. Obtained second phases were Al2Cu( for the alloy with 0.59% Mg and Al5Cu2Mg8Si6 (Q for the alloys with 3.80 and 6.78% Mg. These phases are present as 30–50 nm or as 5–10 nm nanoparticles. Alloying elements content in solid solution increased, mainly for Si and Mg. The high alloying elements content in solid solution and the small -Al cell size for melt-spun alloys leads to microhardness values about 2 times higher than those of ingot counterparts. The microhardness increase for melt-spun alloys with 3.80 and 6.78% Mg depends on Mg content in solid solution.

Effect of processing variables on microstructure and properties of two Al-Li-Cu-Mg-Zr alloys

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Palmer, I.G.; Lewis, R.E.; Crooks, D.D.

1984-01-01

Two Al-Li-Cu-Mg-Zr alloys have been prepared in the form of both powder metallurgy (PM) and ingot metallurgy (IM) alloys. The compositions were selected to meet certain program goals based on the results of an alloy development phase, the details of which have been previously published. The target compositions were Al-3Li-1.5Cu-1Mg-0.2Zr and Al-3Cu-2Li-1Mg-0.2Zr. The PM alloys were prepared from chill cast remelt stock by centrifugal atomization in helium, followed by screening, degassing, and extrusion. The IM alloys were prepared by direct chill (DC) casting, homogenization and extrusion. Full details of the production of the alloys are given. The effects of various processing conditions on microstructure and properties were evaluated, including different heat treatments and stretching conditions. These effects are described in detail with particular emphasis on a comparison of the PM and IM alloys. 10 references

Effect of Zr on microstructures and mechanical properties of an Al-Mg-Si-Cu-Cr alloy prepared by low frequency electromagnetic casting

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Meng, Yi, E-mail: yimonmy@sina.com; Cui, Jianzhong; Zhao, Zhihao; He, Lizi

2014-06-01

The Al-1.6Mg-1.2Si-1.1Cu-0.15Cr (all in wt. %) alloys with and without Zr addition prepared by low frequency electromagnetic casting process were investigated by using the optical microscope, scanning electron microscope and transmission electron microscope equipped with energy dispersive analytical X-ray. The effects of Al{sub 3}Zr phases on the microstructures and mechanical properties during solidification, homogenization, hot extrusion and solid solution were studied. The results show that Al{sub 3}Zr phases reduce the grain size by ∼ 29% and promote the formation of an equiaxed grain structure during solidification. Numerous spherical Al{sub 3}Zr dispersoids with 35–60 nm in diameters precipitate during homogenization, and these fine dispersoids change little during subsequent hot extrusion and solid solution. Adding 0.15 wt. % Zr results in no recrystallization after hot extrusion and partial recrystallization after solid solution, while the recrystallized grain size is 400–550 μm in extrusion direction in the Zr-free alloy. In addition, adding 0.15 wt. % Zr can obviously promote Q′ phase precipitation, while the β″ phases are predominant in the alloy without Zr. Adding 0.15 wt. % Zr, the ultimate tensile strength of the T6 treated alloy increases by 45 MPa, while the elongation remains about 16.7%. - Highlights: • Minor Zr can refine as-cast grains of the LFEC Al-Mg-Si-Cu-Cr alloy. • L1{sub 2} Al{sub 3}Zr phases with 35–60 nm in diameter precipitate during homogenization. • L1{sub 2} and DO{sub 22} Al{sub 3}Zr phases result in partial recrystallization after solid solution. • Minor Zr can promote the precipitation of Q′ phases. • Mechanical properties of Al-Mg-Si-Cu-Cr-Zr alloy are higher than those of AA7005.

Effect of Zr on microstructures and mechanical properties of an Al-Mg-Si-Cu-Cr alloy prepared by low frequency electromagnetic casting

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Meng, Yi; Cui, Jianzhong; Zhao, Zhihao; He, Lizi

2014-01-01

The Al-1.6Mg-1.2Si-1.1Cu-0.15Cr (all in wt. %) alloys with and without Zr addition prepared by low frequency electromagnetic casting process were investigated by using the optical microscope, scanning electron microscope and transmission electron microscope equipped with energy dispersive analytical X-ray. The effects of Al 3 Zr phases on the microstructures and mechanical properties during solidification, homogenization, hot extrusion and solid solution were studied. The results show that Al 3 Zr phases reduce the grain size by ∼ 29% and promote the formation of an equiaxed grain structure during solidification. Numerous spherical Al 3 Zr dispersoids with 35–60 nm in diameters precipitate during homogenization, and these fine dispersoids change little during subsequent hot extrusion and solid solution. Adding 0.15 wt. % Zr results in no recrystallization after hot extrusion and partial recrystallization after solid solution, while the recrystallized grain size is 400–550 μm in extrusion direction in the Zr-free alloy. In addition, adding 0.15 wt. % Zr can obviously promote Q′ phase precipitation, while the β″ phases are predominant in the alloy without Zr. Adding 0.15 wt. % Zr, the ultimate tensile strength of the T6 treated alloy increases by 45 MPa, while the elongation remains about 16.7%. - Highlights: • Minor Zr can refine as-cast grains of the LFEC Al-Mg-Si-Cu-Cr alloy. • L1 2 Al 3 Zr phases with 35–60 nm in diameter precipitate during homogenization. • L1 2 and DO 22 Al 3 Zr phases result in partial recrystallization after solid solution. • Minor Zr can promote the precipitation of Q′ phases. • Mechanical properties of Al-Mg-Si-Cu-Cr-Zr alloy are higher than those of AA7005

N–Mg dual-acceptor co-doping in CuCrO{sub 2} studied by first-principles calculations

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Xu, Ying, E-mail: 1080071@hnust.edu.cn [School of Physics, Hunan University of Science and Technology, Xiangtan 411201 (China); Nie, Guo-Zheng [School of Physics, Hunan University of Science and Technology, Xiangtan 411201 (China); Zou, Daifeng [School of Physics, Hunan University of Science and Technology, Xiangtan 411201 (China); Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Nanobiomechanics, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Science, Shenzhen 518055 (China); Tang, Jing-Wu [School of Physics, Hunan University of Science and Technology, Xiangtan 411201 (China); Ao, Zhimin, E-mail: Zhimin.Ao@gdut.edu.cn [Institute of Environmental Health and Pollution Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006 (China)

2016-11-25

In this paper, N–Mg dual-acceptor co-doping in CuCrO{sub 2} is investigated by first-principles calculations. The electronic structure and formation energies of Mg substituting Cr-site, N substituting O-site, and co-doping of both Mg on Cr-site and N on O-site in CuCrO{sub 2} are calculated. It is found that the structure with N and Mg codoped at the nearest sites has the lowest energy due to a modest attractive interaction between the two dopants. Compared with single N or Mg doped CuCrO{sub 2}, the N–Mg codoped CuCrO{sub 2} has a lower formation energy and shallower transition level. In addition, the total density of states (DOS) analysis shows that more hole states appear above the Fermi level and higher DOS for N–Mg co-doping is obtained in the N–Mg codoped CuCrO{sub 2}, which is good to enhance the p-type conductivity in CuCrO{sub 2}. - Highlights: • N–Mg dual-acceptor co-doping in CuCrO{sub 2} is investigated. • N–Mg complex has a lower formation energy and shallower transition level. • More hole states appear above the Fermi level for N–Mg co-doping. • N–Mg co-doping in CuCrO{sub 2} can be expected to have more stable p-type conductivity.

Mechanical properties and microstructure of laser treated Al-Cu-Mg alloys

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Hosson, J.Th.M. De; Noordhuis, J.

1993-01-01

The mechanical properties and microstructural features of Al-Cu-Mg alloys were investigated, as exposed to laser treatments at various scan velocities. As far as the mechanical property is concerned a striking observation is a minimum in the hardness value at a laser scan velocity of 1/2 cm/s.

Effects of cadmium and copper on sialic acid levels in blood and brain tissues of Cyprinus carpio L.

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Utku Güner

2014-09-01

Full Text Available Objective: To investigate the effects of cadmium (Cd and copper (Cu on sialic acid levels of brain and blood tissues of Cyprinus carpio. Methods: Adult carps were exposed to 0.1, 0.5 mg/L Cu, 0.1, 0.5 and 1.0 mg/L Cd and 0.1 mg/ L Cu+0.1 mg/L Cd under static experiment conditions for 1 week. At the end of exposure period, heavy metal accumulations and sialic acid levels in blood and brain tissues of the test animals were analyzed. Results: Cu and Cd accumulated in tissues in a dramatically increasing dose-dependent manner. Sialic acids level of the fish exposed to 0.1, 0.5 and 1.0 mg/L Cu and Cd and control grups for 1 week were 0.834, 1.427, 0.672, 0.934, 2.968, 4.714 mg/mL respectively. The results also showed that Cu has an antagonistic effect on tissue sialic acid level. Conclusions: We propose that Cd and Cu make a complex with sialic acids of membranes in the tissues researched. This complex between metal ions and sialic acid migth account for the cellular toxicity based on Cu and Cd.

GdCuMg with ZrNiAl-type structure. An 82.2 K ferromagnet

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Stein, Sebastian; Heletta, Lukas; Poettgen, Rainer [Muenster Univ. (Germany). Inst. fuer Anorganische und Analytische Chemie

2017-08-01

GdCuMg has been synthesized by induction-melting of the elements in a sealed niobium ampoule followed by annealing in a muffle furnace. The sample was studied by powder and single crystal X-ray diffraction: ZrNiAl type, P anti 62m (a=749.2(4), c=403.3(1) pm), wR2=0.0242, 315 F{sup 2} values and 15 variables. Temperature dependent magnetic susceptibility measurements have revealed an experimental magnetic moment of 8.54(1) μ{sub B} per Gd atom. GdCuMg orders ferromagnetically below T{sub C}=82.2(5) K and based on the magnetization isotherms it can be classified as a soft ferromagnet.

Dosimetric Characteristics of a LKB:Cu,Mg Solid Thermoluminescence Detector

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Alajerami Yasser Saleh Mustafa; Hashim Suhairul; Ramli Ahmad Termizi; Saleh Muneer Aziz; Kadir Ahmad Bazlie Bin Abdul; Saripan, Mohd. Iqbal

2013-01-01

We present the main thermoluminescence characteristics of a newly borate glass dosimeter modified with lithium and potassium carbonate (LKB) and co-doped with CuO and MgO. An enhancement of about three times has been shown with the increment of 0.1mol% MgO as a co-dopant impurity. The effects of dose linearity, storage capacity, effective atomic number and energy dose response are studied. The proposed dosimeter shows a simple glow curve, good linearity up to 10 3 Gy, close effective atomic number and photon energy independence. The current results suggest using the proposed dosimeter in different dosimetric applications

The effect of Cu on mechanical and precipitation properties of Al-Zn-Mg alloys

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Chinh, N.Q.; Lendvai, J.; Ping, D.H.; Hono, K.

2004-01-01

The effect of Cu on the mechanical and precipitation properties of a high strength Al-2.4 at.% Zn-2.1 at.% Mg alloy was investigated by compression and indentation tests, as well as by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and three-dimensional atom probe field ion microscopy (3DAPFIM). The addition of 0.5 at.% Cu introduces significant changes in the precipitation process and consequently in the age-hardening behavior of the alloy. Microstructural measurements reveal that the addition of Cu changes the density of GP zones, but it also changes partly the shape and composition of the particles. Mechanical and microstructural results together lead to the conclusion that clustering of solute atoms and vacancies during or immediately after water quenching plays an important role in the nucleation of intermediate phase precipitates in one-step aging and the addition of Cu to ternary Al-Zn-Mg leads to changes also in the initial clustering process

Effect of Copper on Corrosion of Forged AlSi1MgMn Automotive Suspension Components

Science.gov (United States)

Koktas, Serhan; Gokcil, Emre; Akdi, Seracettin; Birol, Yucel

2017-09-01

Recently, modifications in the alloy composition and the manufacturing process cycle were proposed to achieve a more uniform structure with no evidence of coarse grains across the section of the AlSi1MgMn alloys. Cu was added to the AlSi1MgMn alloy to improve its age hardening capacity without a separate solution heat treatment. However, Cu addition degrades the corrosion resistance of this alloy due to the formation of Al-Cu precipitates along the grain boundaries that are cathodic with respect to the aluminum matrix and thus encourage intergranular corrosion. The present work was undertaken to identify the impact of Cu addition on the corrosion properties of AlSi1MgMn alloys with different Cu contents. A series of AlSi1MgMn alloys with 0.06-0.89 wt.% Cu were tested in order to identify an optimum level of Cu addition.

Investigations on structural, vibrational and dielectric properties of nanosized Cu doped Mg-Zn ferrites

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Yadav, Anand [School of Physics, Vigyan Bhavan, Devi Ahilya University, Khandwa Road Campus, Indore 452001 (India); Department of Physics, MEDICAPS Institute of Science and Technology, Pithampur 453331 (India); Rajpoot, Rambabu; Dar, M. A.; Varshney, Dinesh, E-mail: vdinesh33@rediffmail.com, E-mail: anand.212@gmail.com [School of Physics, Vigyan Bhavan, Devi Ahilya University, Khandwa Road Campus, Indore 452001 (India)

2016-05-23

Transition metal Cu{sup 2+} doped Mg-Zn ferrite [Mg{sub 0.5}Zn{sub 0.5-x}Cu{sub x}Fe{sub 2}O{sub 4} (0.0 ≤ x ≤ 0.5)] were prepared by sol gel auto combustion (SGAC) method to probe the structural, vibrational and electrical properties. X-ray diffraction (XRD) pattern reveals a single-phase cubic spinel structure without the presence of any secondary phase corresponding to other structure. The average particle size of the parent Mg{sub 0.5}Zn{sub 0.5}Fe{sub 2}O{sub 4} is found to be ~29.8 nm and is found to increase with Cu{sup 2+} doping. Progressive reduction in lattice parameter of Mg{sub 0.5}Zn{sub 0.5}Fe{sub 2}O{sub 4} has been observed due to difference in ionic radii of cations with improved Cu doping. Spinel cubic structure is further confirmed by Raman spectroscopy. Small shift in Raman modes towards higher wave number has been observed in doped Mg-Zn ferrites. The permittivity and dielectric loss decreases at lower doping and increases at higher order doping of Cu{sup 2+}.

Determination of Ca, Cu, Fe and Pb in sugarcane raw spirits by atomic absorption spectrophotometry

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Lorenzo, Magdalena; Reyes, Arlyn; Blanco, Idania; Vasallo, Maria C

2010-01-01

The determination of Ca, Cu, Fe and Pb in sugarcane raw spirits by atomic absorption spectrophotometry was carried out. For 20 μL injected sample, calibration within the 0,5-25,0 mg. L -1 Ca; 0,25-5,0 mg. L -1 Cu, Pb and Cu intervals were established using the ratios Cu, Ca, Fe and Pb absorbance versus analyte concentration, respectively. Typical linear correlations of r = 0,999 were obtained. The proposed method was applied for the direct determination of Ca, Cu, Fe and Pb in sugar cane spirits, and in samples. The results obtained were in accordance to those obtained at 95% confidence level

Toxicity and transfer of CuO Nanoparticles on Arabidopsis thaliana

Science.gov (United States)

Zhao, Shilin; Dai, Yanhui; Xu, Lina

2018-02-01

CuO engineered nanoparticles (ENPs) are widely used in commercial applications. With increasing CuO ENPs production, CuO ENPs are likely to present in the environment and cause a potential threaten to ecosystem. In this work, Arabidopsis thaliana (Bay-0) was chosen to take the toxic experiment after exposed to CuO ENPs (0, 20, and 50 mg/L) and Cu2+ (0.15 mg/L). And the copper content of shoots at 50 mg/L CuO ENPs was about 20 times of control, indicating that CuO ENPs could be absorbed into Arabidopsis thaliana seedlings and transfered from root to shoot in a certain way.

Dosimetric characterization of a Tl new material of LiF: Mg, Cu, P

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Gonzalez, P.R.; Avila, O.; Quiroz, C.; Azorin, J.

2004-01-01

In this work the method of preparation of a new material T L is described of LiF: Mg, Cu, P and the preliminary results of the tests corresponding to their dosimetric characterization are reported. The carried out tests were: detection threshold, sensitivity, dissipation of the sign T L, answer T L in function of the dose of radiation gamma, among others. The results showed that this material when receiving the one thermal treatment of having erased of 280 C by 10 min, followed by 100 C for two hours, he/she has a detection threshold ten times but I lower that that of the TLD-100, is 21 times but sensitive that that of reference and the dissipation of the sign T L during two months was null. This new material T L overcomes in many aspects to the commercial dosemeters of its type. (Author)

Effect of Recrystallization and Natural Aging on Mechanical Properties of Al-Zn-Mg-Cu-Sc Alloys

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Yu, Min Kyu; Hong, Soon Hyung; Kwon, Oh Yeol; Lee, Yong Yeon

2015-01-01

In this study, the recrystallization volume fraction of the Al-Zn-Mg-Cu-Sc alloy after solid solution heat treatment varied with different temperatures (445℃ - 465℃). The highest elongation of the Al-Zn-Mg-Cu-Sc alloy was obtained at 465℃. Further, the hardness and strength of the solid solution heat treated Al-Zn-Mg-Cu-Sc alloy increased at room temperature due to G.P zone precipitates. The results confirmed that we can obtain advanced mechanical properties for the Al-Zn-Mg-Cu-Sc alloy from solid solution heat treatment and natural aging.

Stress corrosion cracking and hydrogen embrittlement of an Al-Zn-Mg-Cu alloy

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Song, R.G.; Dietzel, W.; Zhang, B.J.; Liu, W.J.; Tseng, M.K.; Atrens, A.

2004-01-01

The age hardening, stress corrosion cracking (SCC) and hydrogen embrittlement (HE) of an Al-Zn-Mg-Cu 7175 alloy were investigated experimentally. There were two peak-aged states during ageing. For ageing at 413 K, the strength of the second peak-aged state was slightly higher than that of the first one, whereas the SCC susceptibility was lower, indicating that it is possible to heat treat 7175 to high strength and simultaneously to have high SCC resistance. The SCC susceptibility increased with increasing Mg segregation at the grain boundaries. Hydrogen embrittlement (HE) increased with increased hydrogen charging and decreased with increasing ageing time for the same hydrogen charging conditions. Computer simulations were carried out of (a) the Mg grain boundary segregation using the embedded atom method and (b) the effect of Mg and H segregation on the grain boundary strength using a quasi-chemical approach. The simulations showed that (a) Mg grain boundary segregation in Al-Zn-Mg-Cu alloys is spontaneous, (b) Mg segregation decreases the grain boundary strength, and (c) H embrittles the grain boundary more seriously than does Mg. Therefore, the SCC mechanism of Al-Zn-Mg-Cu alloys is attributed to the combination of HE and Mg segregation induced grain boundary embrittlement

Adsorption of arsenate on Cu/Mg/Fe/La layered double hydroxide from aqueous solutions

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Guo, Yanwei [State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092 (China); Zhu, Zhiliang, E-mail: zzl@tongji.edu.cn [State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092 (China); Qiu, Yanling [Key Laboratory of Yangtze River Water Environment, Ministry of Education, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092 (China); Zhao, Jianfu [State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092 (China)

2012-11-15

Highlights: Black-Right-Pointing-Pointer A novel layered double hydroxide containing lanthanum (Cu/Mg/Fe/La-LDH) has been synthesized. Black-Right-Pointing-Pointer The average pore size of the materials with about 16 nm indicated that the mesoporous structures existed in the Cu/Mg/Fe/La-LDHs. Black-Right-Pointing-Pointer The adsorption capacity of As(V) increased with the increment of La{sup 3+} content in the LDH. Black-Right-Pointing-Pointer The maximum adsorption capacity of the synthesized Cu/Mg/Fe/La-LDH for arsenate was 43.5 mg/g. - Abstract: A novel layered double hydroxide containing lanthanum (Cu/Mg/Fe/La-LDH) has been synthesized and used for the removal of arsenate from aqueous solutions. The purpose of incorporation of La{sup 3+} into LDHs was tried to enhance the uptake efficiency of arsenate and broaden the application field of LDHs functional materials. Effects of various physico-chemical factors such as solution pH, adsorbent dosage, contact time and initial arsenate concentrations on the adsorption of arsenate onto Cu/Mg/Fe/La-LDH were investigated. Results showed that the removal efficiency of arsenate increased with the increment of the lanthanum content in Cu/Mg/Fe/La-LDH adsorbents, and the optimized lanthanum content was 20% of the total trivalent metals composition (Fe{sup 3+} and La{sup 3+}). The adsorption isotherms can be well described by Langmuir equation, and the adsorption kinetics of arsenate followed the pseudo-second-order kinetic model. Coexistent ions such as HPO{sub 4}{sup 2-}, CO{sub 3}{sup 2-}, SO{sub 4}{sup 2-}, Cl{sup -} and NO{sub 3}{sup -} exhibited obvious competition with arsenate for the adsorption on Cu/Mg/Fe/La-LDH. The solution pH significantly affected the removal efficiency, which was closely related to the change of arsenate species distribution under different pH conditions. The predominant adsorption mechanism can be mainly attributed to the processes including ion exchange and layer ligand exchange.

Adsorption of arsenate on Cu/Mg/Fe/La layered double hydroxide from aqueous solutions

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Guo, Yanwei; Zhu, Zhiliang; Qiu, Yanling; Zhao, Jianfu

2012-01-01

Highlights: ► A novel layered double hydroxide containing lanthanum (Cu/Mg/Fe/La-LDH) has been synthesized. ► The average pore size of the materials with about 16 nm indicated that the mesoporous structures existed in the Cu/Mg/Fe/La-LDHs. ► The adsorption capacity of As(V) increased with the increment of La 3+ content in the LDH. ► The maximum adsorption capacity of the synthesized Cu/Mg/Fe/La-LDH for arsenate was 43.5 mg/g. - Abstract: A novel layered double hydroxide containing lanthanum (Cu/Mg/Fe/La-LDH) has been synthesized and used for the removal of arsenate from aqueous solutions. The purpose of incorporation of La 3+ into LDHs was tried to enhance the uptake efficiency of arsenate and broaden the application field of LDHs functional materials. Effects of various physico-chemical factors such as solution pH, adsorbent dosage, contact time and initial arsenate concentrations on the adsorption of arsenate onto Cu/Mg/Fe/La-LDH were investigated. Results showed that the removal efficiency of arsenate increased with the increment of the lanthanum content in Cu/Mg/Fe/La-LDH adsorbents, and the optimized lanthanum content was 20% of the total trivalent metals composition (Fe 3+ and La 3+ ). The adsorption isotherms can be well described by Langmuir equation, and the adsorption kinetics of arsenate followed the pseudo-second-order kinetic model. Coexistent ions such as HPO 4 2− , CO 3 2− , SO 4 2− , Cl − and NO 3 − exhibited obvious competition with arsenate for the adsorption on Cu/Mg/Fe/La-LDH. The solution pH significantly affected the removal efficiency, which was closely related to the change of arsenate species distribution under different pH conditions. The predominant adsorption mechanism can be mainly attributed to the processes including ion exchange and layer ligand exchange.

Li-atoms-induced structure changes of Guinier–Preston–Bagaryatsky zones in AlCuLiMg alloys

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Duan, S.Y.; Le, Z.; Chen, Z.K.; Gao, Z. [Center for High-Resolution Electron Microscopy, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, Hunan 410082 (China); Chen, J.H., E-mail: jhchen123@hnu.edu.cn [Center for High-Resolution Electron Microscopy, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, Hunan 410082 (China); Advanced Research Center, Central South University, Changsha 410083 (China); Ming, W.Q.; Li, S.Y.; Wu, C.L. [Center for High-Resolution Electron Microscopy, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, Hunan 410082 (China); Yan, N. [Advanced Research Center, Central South University, Changsha 410083 (China)

2016-11-15

Guinier–Preston–Bagaryatsky (GPB) zones are the well-known strengthening precipitates of AlCuMg alloys formed upon thermal ageing. Here we report that when formed in AlCuLiMg alloys the GPB zones can change significantly in morphology and structure. It is shown that though they do still consist of Al, Cu and Mg elements fundamentally, the GPB zones in AlCuLiMg alloys have a rather different structure due to a featured Li-segregation at their interfaces with the matrix and possible Li-replacement of partial Mg atoms in the structure. As such the Li-containing GPB zones often develop from one-dimensional to quasi-two-dimensional precipitates. - Highlights: • We observe Guinier–Preston–Bagaryatsky zone variants in AlCuLiMg alloys. • We obtain atomic-resolution images of the precipitates and model their structures. • Li-atoms play a key role in modifying the structure of these precipitate variants.

Superior critical current density obtained in MgB_2 bulks via employing carbon-coated boron and minor Cu addition

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Peng, Junming; Liu, Yongchang; Ma, Zongqing; Shahriar Al Hossain, M.; Xin, Ying; Jin, Jianxun

2016-01-01

Highlights: • Usage of carbon-coated boron leads to high level of homogeneous carbon doping. • Cu addition improves MgB_2 grain connectivity, leading to higher J_c at low fields. • Cu addition reduces MgO impurity, also contributing to the improvement of J_c. - Abstract: High performance Cu doped MgB_2 bulks were prepared by an in-situ method with carbon-coated amorphous boron as precursor. It was found that the usage of carbon-coated boron in present work leads to the formation of uniformly refined MgB_2 grains, as well as a high level of homogeneous carbon doping in the MgB_2 samples, which significantly enhance the J_c in both Cu doped and undoped bulks compared to MgB_2 bulks with normal amorphous boron precursor. Moreover, minor Cu can service as activator, and thus facilitates the growth of MgB_2 grains and improves crystallinity and grain connectivity, which can bring about the excellent critical current density (J_c) at self fields and low fields (the best values are 7 × 10"5 A/cm"2 at self fields, and 1 × 10"5 A/cm"2 at 2 T, 20 K, respectively). Simultaneously, minor Cu addition can reduce the amount of MgO impurity significantly, also contributing to the improvement of J_c at low fields. Our work suggests that Cu-activated sintering combined with employment of carbon-coated amorphous boron as precursor could be a promising technique to produce practical MgB_2 bulks or wires with excellent J_c on an industrial scale.

The Influence of CuFe2O4 Nanoparticles on Superconductivity of MgB2

Science.gov (United States)

Novosel, Nikolina; Pajić, Damir; Skoko, Željko; Mustapić, Mislav; Babić, Emil; Zadro, Krešo; Horvat, Joseph

The influence of CuFe2O4 nanoparticle doping on superconducting properties of Fe-sheated MgB2 wires has been studied. The wires containing 0, 3 and 7.5 wt.% of monodisperse superparamagnetic nanoparticles (˜7 nm) were sintered at 650°C or 750°C for 1 hour in the pure argon atmosphere. X-ray diffraction patterns of doped samples showed very small maxima corresponding to iron boride and an increase in the fraction of MgO phase indicating some interaction of nanoparticles with Mg and B. Both magnetic and transport measurements (performed in the temperature range 2-42 K and magnetic field up to 16 T) showed strong deterioration of the superconducting properties upon doping with CuFe2O4. The transition temperatures, Tc, of doped samples decreased for about 1.4 K per wt.% of CuFe2O4. Also, the irreversibility fields Birr(T) decreased progressively with increasing doping. Accordingly, also the suppression of Jc with magnetic field became stronger. The observed strong deterioration of superconducting properties of MgB2 wires is at variance with reported enhancement of critical currents at higher temperatures (determined from magnetization) in bulk MgB2 samples doped with Fe3O4 nanoparticles. The probable reason for this discrepancy is briefly discussed

Segregation of solute elements at grain boundaries in an ultrafine grained Al-Zn-Mg-Cu alloy

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Sha, Gang; Yao, Lan; Liao, Xiaozhou; Ringer, Simon P.; Chao Duan, Zhi; Langdon, Terence G.

2011-01-01

The solute segregation at grain boundaries (GBs) of an ultrafine grained (UFG) Al-Zn-Mg-Cu alloy processed by equal-channel angular pressing (ECAP) at 200 o C was characterised using three-dimensional atom probe. Mg and Cu segregate strongly to the grain boundaries. In contrast, Zn does not always show clear segregation and may even show depletion near the grain boundaries. Trace element Si selectively segregates at some GBs. An increase in the number of ECAP passes leads to a decrease in the grain size but an increase in solute segregation at the boundaries. The significant segregation of alloying elements at the boundaries of ultrafine-grained alloys implies that less solutes will be available in the matrix for precipitation with a decrease in the average grain size. -- Research Highlights: → Atom probe tomography has been employed successfully to reveal unique segregation of solutes at ultrafine grained material. → Mg and Cu elements segregated strongly at the grain boundary of an ultrafine grained Al-Zn-Mg-Cu alloy processed by 4-pass and 8-pass ECAP at 200 o C. Zn frequently depleted at GBs with a Zn depletion region of 7-15 nm in width on one or both sides of the GBs. Only a small fraction (3/13) of GBs were observed with a low level of Zn segregation where the combined Mg and Cu excess is over 3.1 atom/nm 2 . Si appeared selectively segregated at some of the GBs. → The increase in number of ECAP passes from 4 to 8 correlated with the increase in mean level segregation of Mg and Cu for both solute excess and peak concentration. → The change of plane normal of a grain boundary within 30 o only leads to a slight change in the solute segregation level.

Comparative study of thermoluminescent properties of LiF: Mg, Cu, P, LiF: Mg, Ti and TLD-100 irradiated with X-rays

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Azorin, J.; Rivera, T.; Gonzalez, P.; Ortega, X.; Ginjaume, M.

2000-01-01

The thermoluminescent properties (Tl) of LiF: Mg, Cu, P, and LiF: Mg, Ti, were investigated both developed in Mexico and comparing them with the properties of TLD-100 when they are exposure to X-rays. The Tl curve of LiF: Mg, Cu, P exhibited two peaks at 200 and 300 Centigrade. Its response Tl in function of dose resulted linear in the interval of 0.5 Gy until 5 Gy and its sensitivity to X-ray was around 25 times greater that of the TLD-100. Also it was measured the Tl response of the three materials in function of photon energy. The results showed that LiF: Mg, Cu, P has potential to be used as X-ray dosemeter. (Author)

Analysis of the stability of the traps in LiF: Mg, Cu, P by deconvolution of it Tl curve; Analisis de la estabilidad de las trampas en LiF: Mg, Cu, P por deconvolucion de su curva TL

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Gonzalez, P.R. [ININ, 52045 Ocoyoacac, Estado de Mexico (Mexico); Azorin, J. [UAM-I, San Rafael Atlixco 186, Col Vicentina 09340 Mexico, D.F. (Mexico); Furetta, C. [Universita degli Studi di Roma ' La Sapienza' , Piazzale Aldo Moro 2, 00185, Roma, (Italy); Lopez, J. [Facultad de Matematicas, UADY, s/C.P. Merida, Yucatan (Mexico)

2004-07-01

The results of the study of the stability of the traps are presented in Tl dosemeters of LiF: Mg,Cu,P + Ptfe, developed in the ININ, taking like reference to the commercial dosemeter GR200A of Chinese factory. The readings taken Tl the same day of the irradiation they presented four peaks whose energy, determined by deconvolution were; 1.30 {+-} 0.01 eV, 1.50 {+-} 0.01 eV, 1.70 {+-} 0.01 eV and 2.58{+-} 0.02 eV, for LiF: Mg,Cu,P + Ptfe, while for GR200A the energies were: 1.33 {+-} 0.11 eV, 1.58 {+-} 0.11 eV, 1.73 {+-} 0.11 eV and 2.60 {+-} 0.03 eV. The energy of the peaks 3 and 4 that remained visible during six months of study it was: 1.38 {+-} 0.01 eV and 2.65 {+-} 0.01 eV, for LiF: Mg,Cu,P + Ptfe respectively, in the same order for GR200A, the energies were: 1.51 {+-} 0.02 eV and 2.64 {+-} 0.03 eV. (Author)

Fading of the Tl signal in LiF: Mg, Cu, P during a large post irradiation period; Desvanecimiento de la senal Tl en LiF: Mg, Cu, P durante un largo periodo posradiacion

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Gonzalez, P.R. [ININ, A.P. 18-1027, 11801 Mexico D.F. (Mexico); Azorin, J. [UAM-I, 09340 Mexico D.F. (Mexico); Furetta, C. [Universidad de Roma, Piazzale Aldo Moro 2, Roma (Italy)

2004-07-01

In this work the obtained results of the study of the fading of the Tl signal in dosemeters of LiF activated with magnesium, copper and phosphorus (LiF:Mg,Cu,P) are presented. The studied dosemeters were LiF: Mg,Cu,P + Ptfe, developed in the ININ, taking like reference to the commercial dosemeter GR200A of Chinese manufacture. In both cases the Tl curve presents four peaks; in LiF: Mg,Cu,P + Ptfe, the peaks of smaller size appear in 359 K, 389 K and 447 K, the main dosimetric peak appears in 486 K; in GR200A, the peaks of smaller size appear in 360 K, 389 K and 445 K; while the main dosimetric peak appears in 487 K. The highest fading shown by the dosemeters of LiF: Mg,Cu,P + Ptfe, it was of 3.07%, value very below the one recommended for dosimetric purposes. While the commercial dosemeters presented a fading until of 6.23%, surpassing with the recommended values. The observed fading, it corresponds to the lost of the Tl signal of the peaks 1 and 2, since the first one disappears few hours after the irradiation, while the peak 2, it disappears completely after 94 days, the peak 3 remained stable during the six months of study, while the peak 4, it showed a slight increment due to the contribution of the dose of natural environmental radiation. (Author)

TL response of LiF: Mg, Cu, P dosemeters in function of the photon energy; Respuesta TL de dosimetros de LiF: Mg, Cu, P en funcion de la energia del foton

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Gonzalez, P.R. [ININ, 52045 Ocoyoacac, Estado de Mexico (Mexico); Azorin, J. [UAM-I, 09340 Mexico D.F. (Mexico); Furetta, C. [Universita degli Studi di Roma ' La Sapienza' , Piazzale Aldo Moro 2, 00185 Roma (Italy)

2005-07-01

In this work the obtained results of studying the response of dosemeters of LiF: Mg, Cu, P + Ptfe, developed in the ININ, commercial dosemeters GR200A (LiF: Mg, Cu, P) of chinese manufacture and TLD-100 (LiF: Mg, Ti) US are presented, when irradiating them with X rays 16, 24, 34.5, 42, 100 and 145 keV of effective energy, with gamma rays of 662 keV ({sup 137} Cs) and 1252 keV ({sup 60} Co). The results are presented in function of the sensitivity that the dosemeters showed normalized to gamma radiation of {sup 60} Co. It was appreciated that the dosemeters more equivalent to the tissue, they were those of LiF: Mg, Cu, P + Ptfe, while the less equivalent ones were the TLD-100. (Author)

Investigation of modulus hardening of various co-clusters in aged Al-Cu-Mg-Ag alloy by atom probe tomography

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Bai, Song [Key Laboratory of Nonferrous Metal Materials Science and Engineering, Ministry of Education, Central South University, Changsha 410083 (China); School of Material Science and Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083 (China); Liu, Zhiyi, E-mail: liuzhiyi@csu.edu.cn [Key Laboratory of Nonferrous Metal Materials Science and Engineering, Ministry of Education, Central South University, Changsha 410083 (China); School of Material Science and Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083 (China); Ying, Puyou; Wang, Jian; Li, Junlin [Key Laboratory of Nonferrous Metal Materials Science and Engineering, Ministry of Education, Central South University, Changsha 410083 (China); School of Material Science and Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083 (China)

2016-06-21

The modulus hardening capability of various co-clusters in a low Cu/Mg ratio Al-Cu-Mg-Ag alloy aged at 165 °C is investigated by quantitative atom probe tomography analysis. Prolonged aging from 5 min to 2 h leads to the simultaneous increase in the critical shear stress of both Mg-Ag and Cu-Mg co-clusters. Regardless of the higher shear modulus of Cu-Mg co-clusters, calculation results show that Mg-Ag co-clusters possess a greater modulus hardening capability than Cu-Mg co-clusters, suggesting its primary contribution to the rapid hardening at the early aging stage. As aging extends from 30 min to 2 h, the increment in the critical shear stress of Mg-Ag co-clusters is lower than that of Cu-Mg co-clusters due to the precipitation of high density Ω phase. In addition, the shear modulus of Mg-Ag co-clusters is generally independent on its size at each investigated condition.

Investigation of modulus hardening of various co-clusters in aged Al-Cu-Mg-Ag alloy by atom probe tomography

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Bai, Song; Liu, Zhiyi; Ying, Puyou; Wang, Jian; Li, Junlin

2016-01-01

The modulus hardening capability of various co-clusters in a low Cu/Mg ratio Al-Cu-Mg-Ag alloy aged at 165 °C is investigated by quantitative atom probe tomography analysis. Prolonged aging from 5 min to 2 h leads to the simultaneous increase in the critical shear stress of both Mg-Ag and Cu-Mg co-clusters. Regardless of the higher shear modulus of Cu-Mg co-clusters, calculation results show that Mg-Ag co-clusters possess a greater modulus hardening capability than Cu-Mg co-clusters, suggesting its primary contribution to the rapid hardening at the early aging stage. As aging extends from 30 min to 2 h, the increment in the critical shear stress of Mg-Ag co-clusters is lower than that of Cu-Mg co-clusters due to the precipitation of high density Ω phase. In addition, the shear modulus of Mg-Ag co-clusters is generally independent on its size at each investigated condition.

Effect of Ce on Casting Structure of Near-rapidly Solidified Al-Zn-Mg-Cu Alloy

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

HUANG Gao-ren

2017-11-01

Full Text Available Through using XRD,DSC,SEM,EDS and other modern analysis methods, the effects of rare earth element Ce on microstructure and solidification temperature of Al-Zn-Mg-Cu under different cooling rates were studied, the principle of Ce on grain refining and melt cleaning of alloys was analyzed and discussed. The results show that MgZn2 phase and α-Al matrix are the main precipitations, Al,Cu,Mg and other elements dissolve in MgZn2 phase, a new phase Mg(Zn, Cu, Al2 is formed, solute elements in the grain boundary have higher concentration, eutectic reaction takes place between MgZn2 and α-Al, lamellar eutectic structure is generated. The addition of Ce decreases the dendritic arm spacing,reduces the layer spacing between eutectic phases and refines the eutectic structure and the grain significantly, and inhibits the appearance of the impurity phase Al7Cu2Fe in aluminum alloys. The addition of Ce also reduces the precipitation temperature of α-Al matrix and eutectic phase by 6.4℃ and 5.6℃ respectively.

Artificial neural networks study of the catalytic reduction of resazurin: stopped-flow injection kinetic-spectrophotometric determination of Cu(II) and Ni(II)

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Magni, Diana M.; Olivieri, Alejandro C.; Bonivardi, Adrian L.

2005-01-01

An artificial neural network (ANN) procedure was used in the development of a catalytic spectrophotometric method for the determination of Cu(II) and Ni(II) employing a stopped-flow injection system. The method is based on the catalytic action of these ions on the reduction of resazurin by sulfide. ANNs trained by back-propagation of errors allowed us to model the systems in a concentration range of 0.5-6 and 1-15 mg l -1 for Cu(II) and Ni(II), respectively, with a low relative error of prediction (REP) for each cation: REP Cu(II) = 0.85% and REP Ni(II) = 0.79%. The standard deviations of the repeatability (s r ) and of the within-laboratory reproducibility (s w ) were measured using standard solutions of Cu(II) and Ni(II) equal to 2.75 and 3.5 mg l -1 , respectively: s r [Cu(II)] = 0.039 mg l -1 , s r [Ni(II)] = 0.044 mg l -1 , s w [Ni(II)] = 0.045 mg l -1 and s w [Ni(II)] = 0.050 mg l -1 . The ANNs-kinetic method has been applied to the determination of Cu(II) and Ni(II) in electroplating solutions and provided satisfactory results as compared with flame atomic absorption spectrophotometry method. The effect of resazurin, NaOH and Na 2 S concentrations and the reaction temperature on the analytical sensitivity is discussed

Influence of Ni and Cu contamination on the superconducting properties of MgB2 filaments

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Jung, A; Schlachter, S I; Runtsch, B; Ringsdorf, B; Fillinger, H; Orschulko, H; Drechsler, A; Goldacker, W

2010-01-01

Technical MgB 2 wires usually have a sheath composite consisting of different metals. For the inner sheath with direct contact to the superconducting filament, chemically inert Nb may be used as a reaction barrier and thermal stabilization is provided by a highly conductive metal like Cu. A mechanical reinforcement can be achieved by the addition of stainless steel. In order to illuminate the influence of defects in the reaction barrier, monofilament in situ wires with direct contact between the MgB 2 filament and frequently applied reactive sheath metals like Cu, Ni or Monel are studied. Reactions of Mg and B with a Cu-containing sheath lead to Cu-based by-products penetrating the whole filament. Reactions with Ni-containing sheaths lead to Ni-based by-products which tend to remain at the filament-sheath interface. Cu and/or Ni contamination of the filament lowers the MgB 2 -forming temperature due to the eutectic reaction between Mg, Ni and Cu. Thus, for the samples heat-treated at low temperatures J C and (partly) T C are increased compared to stainless-steel-sheathed wires. At high heat treatment temperatures uncontaminated filaments lead to the highest J C values. From the point of view of broken reaction barriers in real wires, the contamination of the filament with Cu and/or Ni does not necessarily constrain the superconductivity; it may even improve the properties of the wire, depending on the desired application.

Differential Scanning Calorimetry and Thermodynamic Predictions—A Comparative Study of Al-Zn-Mg-Cu Alloys

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Gernot K.-H. Kolb

2016-08-01

Full Text Available Al-Zn-Mg-Cu alloys are widely used in aircraft applications because of their superior mechanical properties and strength/weight ratios. Commercial Al-Zn-Mg-Cu alloys have been intensively studied over the last few decades. However, well-considered thermodynamic calculations, via the CALPHAD approach, on a variation of alloying elements can guide the fine-tuning of known alloy systems and the development of optimized heat treatments. In this study, a comparison was made of the solidus temperatures of different Al-Zn-Mg-Cu alloys determined from thermodynamic predictions and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC measurements. A variation of the main alloying elements Zn, Mg, and Cu generated 38 experimentally produced alloys. An experimental determination of the solidus temperature via DSC was carried out according to a user-defined method, because the broad melting interval present in Al-Zn-Mg-Cu alloys does not allow the use of the classical onset method for pure substances. The software algorithms implemented in FactSage®, Pandat™, and MatCalc with corresponding commercially available databases were deployed for thermodynamic predictions. Based on these investigations, the predictive power of the commercially available CALPHAD databases and software packages was critically reviewed.

Affinity of Smectite and Divalent Metal Ions (Mg(2+), Ca(2+), Cu(2+)) with L-leucine: An Experimental and Theoretical Approach Relevant to Astrobiology.

Science.gov (United States)

Pandey, Pramod; Pant, Chandra Kala; Gururani, Kavita; Arora, Priyanka; Pandey, Neetu; Bhatt, Preeti; Sharma, Yogesh; Negi, Jagmohan Singh; Mehata, Mohan Singh

2015-12-01

Earth is the only known planet bestowed with life. Several attempts have been made to explore the pathways of the origin of life on planet Earth. The search for the chemistry which gave rise to life has given answers related to the formation of biomonomers, and their adsorption on solid surfaces has gained much attention for the catalysis and stabilization processes related to the abiotic chemical evolution of the complex molecules of life. In this communication, surface interactions of L-leucine (Leu) on smectite (SMT) group of clay (viz. bentonite and montmorillonite) and their divalent metal ion (Mg(2+), Ca(2+) and Cu(2+)) incorporated on SMT has been studied to find the optimal conditions of time, pH, and concentration at ambient temperature (298 K). The progress of adsorption was followed spectrophotometrically and further characterized by FTIR, SEM/EDS and XRD. Leu, a neutral/non polar amino acid, was found to have more affinity in its zwitterionic form towards Cu(2+)- exchanged SMT and minimal affinity for Mg(2+)- exchanged SMT. The vibrational frequency shifts of -NH3 (+) and -COO(-) favor Van der Waal's forces during the course of surface interaction. Quantum calculations using density functional theory (DFT) have been applied to investigate the absolute value of metal ion affinities of Leu (Leu-M(2+) complex, M = Mg(2+), Ca(2+), Cu(2+)) with the help of their physico-chemical parameters. The hydration effect on the relative stability and geometry of the individual species of Leu-M(2+) × (H2O)n, (n =2 and 4) has also been evaluated within the supermolecule approach. Evidence gathered from investigations of surface interactions, divalent metal ions affinities and hydration effects with biomolecules may be important for better understanding of chemical evolution, the stabilization of biomolecules on solid surfaces and biomolecular-metal interactions. These results may have implications for understanding the origin of life and the preservation of

Experimental Study of Ageing Behaviour of Al-Cu-Mg/Bagasse Ash Particulate Composites

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

R. A. Mohammed

2011-03-01

Full Text Available The experimental correlation of ageing behaviour for Al-Cu-Mg/Bagasse ash particulate composites with 2-10wt% bagasse ash particles produced by double stir-casting method has been investigated. Hardness values measurement and microstructural analysis were used in determining the ageing behaviour, after solution and age-hardened heat-treatment. For comparison, the ageing characteristics of the unreinforced matrix alloy with an identical processing and ageing history were also examined. The results indicate that the composite exhibits an accelerated hardening response compared to the unreinforced matrix alloy at the three selected aging temperatures of 100, 200 and 300 °C. Ageing temperature has great influence on the hardening characteristics of the Al–Cu–Mg/BAp composite. TEM observations reveal that the addition of bagasse ash particles to the Al–Cu–Mg alloy can speed up the growth rate of precipitates S’ (Cu3Al2, and Al6CuMg4 phases. The accelerated precipitation of S’ phases is proposed to be responsible for the enhanced age-hardening of the Al–Cu–Mg/BAp composites.

Potential for Phytoextraction of Cu by Sesamum indicum L. and Cyamopsis tetragonoloba L.: A Green Solution to Decontaminate Soil

Science.gov (United States)

Amin, Hira; Arain, Basir Ahmed; Abbasi, Muhammad Sadiq; Jahangir, Taj Muhammad; Amin, Farah

2018-02-01

Phytoextraction is a plant based-technique for removing toxic heavy metals from polluted soil. The experiment reported in this paper was undertaken to study the basic Cu phytoextraction potential of Sesamum indicum in comparison with Cyamopsis tetragonoloba for remediation of Cu contaminated soil in the framework of a pot-experiment. Plants were subjected to seven Cu concentrations (0, 25, 50, 100, 150, 200, and 300 mg kg-1 soil) for 12 weeks. The morphological (i.e. growth) and biochemical (i.e. chlorophyll) parameters of both the plant species were observed throughout the experimental period; the phytoextraction efficiency of S. indicum and C. tetragonoloba were also determined. Most growth parameters were reduced under high Cu stress. Our results shows that at low concentration (25 mg Cu kg-1) all the growth and biochemical parameters were increased but at elevated Cu concentrations, root length, shoot length, and biomass (fresh and dry) were all significantly decreased (p 1, bioaccumulation coefficient (BAC) > 1 and translocation factor (TF) > 1 established C. tetragonoloba as a potential candidate plant for the decontamination of slightly Cu-polluted soil where the growth of plants would not be impaired and the extraction of Cu could be maintained at satisfying levels. Therefore, the present study suggested that C. tetragonoloba could possibly be used as a viable tool for phytoextraction.

Dosimetric properties of LIF:Mg,CuP+PTFE

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Gonzalez Martinez, P.R.; Azorin Nieto, J.; Ramirez Luna, A.

1998-01-01

The work presents the preparation method, as well as the characterization of the dosemeters of LiF;Mg,Cu+PTFE developed in the National Institute of Nuclear Investigations (ININ) Mexico, Among the carried out tests can mention, sensibility, detection threshold, equivalent of bottom, uniformity, reproducibility, dissipation, answer in function of the dose and kinetic parameters

Fatigue and creep deformed microstructures of aged alloys based on Al-4% Cu-0.3% Mg

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Reddy, A. Somi

2008-01-01

The addition of 0.4 wt.% of silver or cadmium to the alloy Al-4% Cu-0.3% Mg which has a high Cu:Mg ratio, changes the nature, morphology and dispersion of the precipitates that forms on age hardening at medium temperatures such as 150-200 o C. Fatigue and creep tests were carried out on alloys aged to peak strength at 170 o C. The tensile properties of the alloys aged at 170 o C increased in the order Al-4% Cu, Al-4% Cu-0.3% Mg, Al-4% Cu-0.3% Mg-0.4% Cd, and Al-4% Cu-0.3% Mg-0.4% Ag. Despite differences in their microstructures and tensile properties, the fatigue performance of the alloys was relatively unaffected. Fatigue behaviour was similar in each case and the alloys showed identical fatigue limits. Major differences were observed in the creep performance of the alloys creep tested at 150 o C in the peak strength condition age hardened at 170 o C. Creep performance of the alloys increased in the order of their tensile properties. The purpose of the present work was to discuss the fatigue and creep deformed microstructure of these alloys

On the roles of the dopants in LiF: Mg,Cu,Na,Si thermoluminescent material

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Lee, J. I.; Kim, J. L.; Chang, S. Y.; Chung, K. S.; Choe, H. S.

2005-01-01

In this paper, some results of the study on the roles of the dopants in the LiF:Mg,Cu,Na,Si thermoluminescent (TL) material that was developed at the Korea Atomic Energy Research Inst. for radiation protection are presented. Although there have been many studies to investigate the roles of the dopants in LiF:Mg,Cu,P TL material in the TL process, there are some discrepancies in the understanding of the roles of Cu and P between various researchers. In case of LiF:Mg,Cu,Na,Si TL material, there are a few studies on the roles of the dopants. Three kinds of samples in each of which one dopant is excluded, and the optimised sample, were prepared for this study. The measurements and analysis of the three-dimensional TL spectra, based on the temperature, wavelength and intensity, and the glow curves for those samples are used in this study. The results show that Mg plays a role in the trapping of the charge carriers and Cu plays a role in the luminescence recombination process; however, the effect of Na and Si on the glow curve structure and the TL emission spectra is much less than that of Mg and Cu. It is considered that Na and Si each plays a role in the improvement of the luminescence efficiency. (authors)

Influence of secondary ageing temperature on hardening and residual elastic stresses in AlMgSi and AlMgSiCu alloys

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Milosavlevich, A.Ya.; Shiyachki-Zheravchich; Rogulin, M.Ya.; Milenkovich, V.M.; Prokich-Tsvetkovich, R.M.

1993-01-01

The investigations were conducted on samples of AlMgSi and AlMgSiCu alloys quenched, aged and cold worked with 20, 40, 60 and 85 % reduction in area. Secondary ageing was carried out at 200 and 250 deg C. Residual stresses wee determined by X-ray diffraction method. It was shown that cold deformation effect on hardness and residual stresses is dependent on alloy composition. The hardening due to secondary ageing is more pronounced for AlMgSi alloy at 200 deg C and for AlMgSiCu alloy at 250 deg C. Positive residual stresses increase with secondary ageing temperature

Study on effects of powder and flake chemistry and morphology on the properties of Al-Cu-Mg-X-X-X powder metallurgy advanced aluminum alloys

Science.gov (United States)

Meschter, P. J.; Lederich, R. J.; Oneal, J. E.

1986-01-01

A study was conducted: (1) to develop rapid solidification processed (RSP) dispersoid-containing Al-3Cu-2Li-1Mg-0.2Zr alloys as substitutes for titanium alloys and commercial 2XXX aluminum alloys for service to at least 150 C; and (2) to develop RSP Al-4Li-Cu-Mg-Zr alloys as substitutes for high-strength commercial 7XXX alloys in ambient-temperature applications. RSP Al-3Cu-2Li-1Mg-0.2Zr alloys have density-normalized yield stresses at 150 C up to 52% larger than that of 2124-T851 and up to 30% larger than that of Ti-6Al-4V. Strength at 150 C in these alloys is provided by thermally stable delta' (Al3Li), T1 (Al2LiCu), and S' (Al2CuMg) precipitates. Density-normalized yield stresses of RSP Al-3Cu-2Li-1Mg-0.2Zr alloys are up to 100% larger than that of 2124-T851 and equivalent to that of Al-8Fe-4Ce at 260 C. Strength in the RSP alloys at 260 C is provided by incoherent dispersoids and subboundary constituent particles such as T1 and S. The RSP alloys are attractive substitutes in less than or = 100-h exposures for 2xxx and Al-4Fe-Ce alloys up to 260 C and for titanium alloys up to 150 C. RSP Al-4Li-Cu-Mg-Zr alloys have ambient-temperature yield and ultimate tensile stresses similar to that of 7050-T7651, and are 14% less dense. RSP Al-4Li-0.5Cu-1.5Mg-0.2Zr has a 20% higher specific yield stress, 40% higher specific elastic modulus, and superior corrosion resistance compared to the properties of 7050-T7651. Strength in the Al-4Li-Cu-Mg-Zr alloy class is primarily provided by the substructure and delta' precipitates and is independent of Cu:Mg ratio. Improvements in fracture toughness and transverse-orientation properties in both alloy classes depend on improved melt practices to eliminate oxide inclusions which are incorporated into the consolidated forms.

Producing a particle-reinforced AlCuMgMn alloy by means of mechanical alloying; Herstellung einer partikelverstaerkten AlCuMgMn-Legierung durch mechanisches Legieren

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Nestler, D.; Wielage, B. [TU Chemnitz, Institut fuer Werkstoffwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik (Germany); Siebeck, S.

2012-07-15

High-energy ball milling (HEM) with subsequent consolidation is a suitable method to produce particle-reinforced aluminium materials. The task of HEM is to distribute the reinforcement particles as homogeneously as possible. A further application of HEM is mechanical alloying (MA). This paper deals with the combination of both applications. Pure metallic powders (Al, Cu, Mg, Mn) were milled together with SiC particles up to 10 h. The composition of the metallic powder corresponds to that of the alloy AA2017 (3.9% Cu, 0.7% Mg, 0.6% Mn). In previous experiments [1], this alloy was used in the form of atomized powder. The changes in microstructure during the formation of the composite powder have been studied by light microscopy, SEM, EDXS and XRD. The results show that the production of composite powders in a single step is possible. This not only allows the economical production of such powders, but also facilitates the use of alloy compositions that are not producible via the melting route, or only producible with difficulty via the melting route. It's possible to produce tailor-made-alloys. (Copyright copyright 2012 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH and Co. KGaA, Weinheim)

Atomistic simulations of Mg-Cu metallic glasses: Mechanical properties

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Bailey, Nicholas; Schiøtz, Jakob; Jacobsen, Karsten Wedel

2004-01-01

The atomistic mechanisms of plastic deformation in amorphous metals are far from being understood. We have derived potential parameters for molecular dynamics simulations of Mg-Cu amorphous alloys using the Effective Medium Theory. We have simulated the formation of alloys by cooling from the melt...

Superior critical current density obtained in MgB{sub 2} bulks via employing carbon-coated boron and minor Cu addition

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Peng, Junming; Liu, Yongchang [State Key Laboratory of Hydraulic Engineering Simulation and Safety, School of Materials Science & Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072 (China); Ma, Zongqing, E-mail: mzq0320@163.com [State Key Laboratory of Hydraulic Engineering Simulation and Safety, School of Materials Science & Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072 (China); Institute for Superconducting and Electronic Materials, AIIM, University of Wollongong, Squires Way, North Wollongong, NSW 2500 (Australia); Shahriar Al Hossain, M. [Institute for Superconducting and Electronic Materials, AIIM, University of Wollongong, Squires Way, North Wollongong, NSW 2500 (Australia); Xin, Ying; Jin, Jianxun [Tianjin University – Futong Group Research Center of Applied Superconductivity, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072 (China)

2016-09-15

Highlights: • Usage of carbon-coated boron leads to high level of homogeneous carbon doping. • Cu addition improves MgB{sub 2} grain connectivity, leading to higher J{sub c} at low fields. • Cu addition reduces MgO impurity, also contributing to the improvement of J{sub c}. - Abstract: High performance Cu doped MgB{sub 2} bulks were prepared by an in-situ method with carbon-coated amorphous boron as precursor. It was found that the usage of carbon-coated boron in present work leads to the formation of uniformly refined MgB{sub 2} grains, as well as a high level of homogeneous carbon doping in the MgB{sub 2} samples, which significantly enhance the J{sub c} in both Cu doped and undoped bulks compared to MgB{sub 2} bulks with normal amorphous boron precursor. Moreover, minor Cu can service as activator, and thus facilitates the growth of MgB{sub 2} grains and improves crystallinity and grain connectivity, which can bring about the excellent critical current density (J{sub c}) at self fields and low fields (the best values are 7 × 10{sup 5} A/cm{sup 2} at self fields, and 1 × 10{sup 5} A/cm{sup 2} at 2 T, 20 K, respectively). Simultaneously, minor Cu addition can reduce the amount of MgO impurity significantly, also contributing to the improvement of J{sub c} at low fields. Our work suggests that Cu-activated sintering combined with employment of carbon-coated amorphous boron as precursor could be a promising technique to produce practical MgB{sub 2} bulks or wires with excellent J{sub c} on an industrial scale.

Effects of scandium and zirconium combination alloying on as-cast microstructure and mechanical properties of Al-4Cu-1.5Mg alloy

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Xiang Qingchun

2011-02-01

Full Text Available The influences of minor scandium and zirconium combination alloying on the as-cast microstructure and mechanical properties of Al-4Cu-1.5Mg alloy have been experimentally investigated. The experimental results show that when the minor elements of scandium and zirconium are simultaneously added into the Al-4Cu-1.5Mg alloy, the as-cast microstructure of the alloy is effectively modified and the grains of the alloy are greatly refined. The coarse dendrites in the microstructure of the alloy without Sc and Zr additions are refined to the uniform and fine equiaxed grains. As the additions of Sc and Zr are 0.4% and 0.2%, respectively, the tensile strength, yield strength and elongation of the alloy are relatively better, which are 275.0 MPa, 176.0 MPa and 8.0% respectively. The tensile strength is increased by 55.3%, and the elongation is nearly raised three times, compared with those of the alloy without Sc and Zr additions.

Effects of solution treatment on the microstructure and mechanical properties of Al-Cu-Mg-Ag alloy

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Liu, Xiao Yan; Pan, Qing Lin; Lu, Zhi Lun; Cao, Su Fang; He, Yun Bin; Li, Wen Bin

2010-01-01

The effects of solution treatment on the microstructure and mechanical properties of Al-Cu-Mg-Ag alloy were studied by optical microscopy (OM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive X-ray (EDX), differential scanning calorimeter (DSC), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and tensile test, respectively. The results show that the mechanical property increases and then decreases with increasing the solution temperature. And the residual phases are dissolved into the matrix gradually, the number fraction of the precipitation and the size of recrystallized grains increase. Compared to the solution temperature, the solution holding time has less effect on the microstructure and the mechanical properties of Al-Cu-Mg-Ag alloy. The overburnt temperature of Al-Cu-Mg-Ag alloy is 525 o C. The yield strength and the elongation get the best when the alloy is solution treated at 515 o C for 1.5 h, is 504 MPa and 12.2% respectively. The fracture mechanism of the samples is ductile fracture.

Interface properties of Fe/MgO/Cu-phthalocyanine metal-insulator-organic semiconductor structures

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Lee, Nyunjong; Bae, Yujeong; Kim, Taehee; Ito, Eisuke; Hara, Masahiko

2014-01-01

Hybrid interface structures consisting of organic copper-phthalocyanine (CuPc) and ferromagnetic metal Fe(001) with and without a MgO(001) cover were investigated by using surface sensitive techniques of X-ray photoemission spectroscopy and ultraviolet photoemission spectroscopy. A systematic study of the energy level alignment at the interfaces was carried out. For the hybrid interfaces considered here, our results indicate that the insertion of an artificially-grown ultra-thin oxide layer MgO(001) can prevent Femi level pinning and induce a rather large interface dipole, thereby resulting in remarkable CuPc Fermi level shifts when the thickness of the CuPc film is less than 3 nm. This study provides a better understanding of spin filtering in MgO-based organic spin devices and a new way to alter the interface electronic structure of metal/organic semiconductor hybrid systems.

Effet du Mg et des oligo-éléments sur le comportement de cinq variétés d'arachides (Arachis hypogeae L.

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Lumpungu, K.

1987-01-01

Full Text Available Effect of magnesium and trace elements on the development of five groundnut varieties (Arachis hypogeae L.. A study of Mg and certain minor elements (B, Cu, Fe, Mn, Mo and Zn given by seed imbibition has been conducted. The results have shown that the effect of Mg and minor elements on the growth, yield (pods and seeds and lipids content of the seeds depend on the variety and rate of Mg and minor elements application.

Investigation of dosimetric characteristics of the high sensitivity LiF:Mg,Cu,P thermoluminescent dosemeter and its applications in diagnostic radiology

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Fung, K.K.L.

2000-12-01

The recent introduction and development of the thermoluminescent (T.L.) phosphor material LiF:Mg,Cu,P (usually named TLD100H or GR200A) has aroused intense interest of scientists in the field of radiation dosimetry due to its very favourable dosimetric characteristics. Both conventional LiF:Mg,Ti (TLD100) and LiF:Mg,Cu,P T.L. phosphors are tissue-equivalent but GR200A outperforms in respect of its very much higher sensitivity, by a factor of greater than 25, and a dose detection threshold of less than 1 μGy. A reproducible readout and annealing regime was developed in the initial part of this study with the newly installed automatic TLD (Thermoluminescence Dosimetry) apparatus in the X-ray and Radiation Physics Laboratories of the Hong Kong Polytechnic University. Basic dosimetric characteristics of this T.L. dosemeter (supplied by Harshaw-Bicron Co.) were then investigated. This paved the foundation for subsequent selected novel application studies in diagnostic radiology. Dosimetric characteristics which included linearity, reproducibility, batch uniformity, energy response, and minimum detectable dose were studied using X-rays in the commonly used diagnostic radiology energy range. Favourable dosimetric characteristics were observed from this T.L. phosphor, which agrees well with published studies. The effect of the number of thermal treatment cycles in the initialisation process on dosimetric properties of this T.L. phosphor was also investigated. This study exploits the favourable dosimetric properties of these T.L. dosemeters in some selected novel dosimetric applications in diagnostic radiology with an anthropomorphic phantom using facilities both in these laboratories and also in radiology departments of various district hospitals in Hong Kong. Radiation absorbed dose from the direct or scattered beam, at critical sites inside and on the surface of the phantom, were measured in these radiological studies. The special focus in some of these studies was to

Investigation of dosimetric characteristics of the high sensitivity LiF:Mg,Cu,P thermoluminescent dosemeter and its applications in diagnostic radiology

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Fung, K.K.L

2000-12-01

The recent introduction and development of the thermoluminescent (T.L.) phosphor material LiF:Mg,Cu,P (usually named TLD100H or GR200A) has aroused intense interest of scientists in the field of radiation dosimetry due to its very favourable dosimetric characteristics. Both conventional LiF:Mg,Ti (TLD100) and LiF:Mg,Cu,P T.L. phosphors are tissue-equivalent but GR200A outperforms in respect of its very much higher sensitivity, by a factor of greater than 25, and a dose detection threshold of less than 1 {mu}Gy. A reproducible readout and annealing regime was developed in the initial part of this study with the newly installed automatic TLD (Thermoluminescence Dosimetry) apparatus in the X-ray and Radiation Physics Laboratories of the Hong Kong Polytechnic University. Basic dosimetric characteristics of this T.L. dosemeter (supplied by Harshaw-Bicron Co.) were then investigated. This paved the foundation for subsequent selected novel application studies in diagnostic radiology. Dosimetric characteristics which included linearity, reproducibility, batch uniformity, energy response, and minimum detectable dose were studied using X-rays in the commonly used diagnostic radiology energy range. Favourable dosimetric characteristics were observed from this T.L. phosphor, which agrees well with published studies. The effect of the number of thermal treatment cycles in the initialisation process on dosimetric properties of this T.L. phosphor was also investigated. This study exploits the favourable dosimetric properties of these T.L. dosemeters in some selected novel dosimetric applications in diagnostic radiology with an anthropomorphic phantom using facilities both in these laboratories and also in radiology departments of various district hospitals in Hong Kong. Radiation absorbed dose from the direct or scattered beam, at critical sites inside and on the surface of the phantom, were measured in these radiological studies. The special focus in some of these studies was to

Secondary precipitation in an Al-Mg-Si-Cu alloy

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Buha, J.; Lumley, R.N.; Crosky, A.G.; Hono, K.

2007-01-01

Interruption of a conventional T6 heat treatment at 177 deg. C for the Al-Mg-Si-Cu alloy 6061 after a short period of time (20 min), by inserting a dwell period at a lower temperature (e.g. 65 deg. C), promotes secondary precipitation of Guinier-Preston (GP) zones. As a consequence, a much greater number of precursors to the β'' precipitates are produced so that a finer and denser dispersion of this phase is formed when T6 ageing is resumed. This change in microstructure causes significant and simultaneous improvements in tensile properties and fracture toughness. Secondary precipitation of GP zones occurs through a gradual evolution of a large number of Mg-Si(-Cu)-vacancy co-clusters formed during the initial ageing at 177 deg. C. The precise mechanism of secondary precipitation has been revealed by three-dimensional atom probe microscopy supplemented by transmission electron microscopy and differential scanning calorimetry

Effects of CuO nanoparticles on Lemna minor.

Science.gov (United States)

Song, Guanling; Hou, Wenhua; Gao, Yuan; Wang, Yan; Lin, Lin; Zhang, Zhiwei; Niu, Qiang; Ma, Rulin; Mu, Lati; Wang, Haixia

2016-12-01

Copper dioxide nanoparticles (NPs), which is a kind of important and widely used metal oxide NP, eventually reaches a water body through wastewater and urban runoff. Ecotoxicological studies of this kind of NPs effects on hydrophyte are very limited at present. Lemna minor was exposed to media with different concentrations of CuO NPs, bulk CuO, and two times concentration of Cu 2+ released from CuO NPs in culture media. The changes in plant growth, chlorophyll content, antioxidant defense enzyme activities [i.e., peroxidase (POD), catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD) activities], and malondialdehyde (MDA) content were measured in the present study. The particle size of CuO NPs and the zeta potential of CuO NPs and bulk CuO in the culture media were also analyzed to complementally evaluate their toxicity on duckweed. Results showed that CuO NPs inhibited the plant growth at lower concentration than bulk CuO. L. minor roots were easily broken in CuO NPs media under the experimental condition, and the inhibition occurred only partly because CuO NPs released Cu 2+ in the culture media. The POD, SOD, and CAT activities of L. minor increased when the plants were exposed to CuO NPs, bulk CuO NPs and two times the concentration of Cu 2+ released from CuO NPs in culture media, but the increase of these enzymes were the highest in CuO NPs media among the three kinds of materials. The MDA content was significantly increased compared with that of the control from 50 mg L -1 CuO NP concentration in culture media. CuO NPs has more toxicity on L. minor compared with that of bulk CuO, and the inhibition occurred only partly because released Cu 2+ in the culture media. The plant accumulated more reactive oxygen species in the CuO NP media than in the same concentration of bulk CuO. The plant cell encountered serious damage when the CuO NP concentration reached 50 mg L -1 in culture media. The toxicology of CuO NP on hydrophytes must be considered because that hydrophytes

Phototransfered thermoluminescence for dose reassessment in LiF:mg,ti , LiF: mg,Cu,p TL detectors

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Rodriguez Otazo, M.; Baly, L.

2001-01-01

Phototransfered Thermoluminescence (PTTL) from LiF:Mg,Ti (TLD-100) and LiF: Mg,Cu,P (GR-200) was studied at different conditions using different sources of UV light for dose reassessment purposes. The TL dosimeters were irradiated with 137Cs in the range 2 mGy to 100 mGy. The convenience of using PTTL for dose reassessment was analyzed

Research on aging precipitation in a Cu-Cr-Zr-Mg alloy

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Su Juanhua; Dong Qiming; Liu Ping; Li Hejun; Kang Buxi

2005-01-01

The effects of aging processes on the properties and microstructure of Cu-0.3Cr-0.15Zr-0.05Mg lead frame alloy were investigated. Aging precipitation phase was dealt with by transmission electronic microscope (TEM). After solid solution was treated at 920 deg. C and aged at 470 deg. C for 4 h, the fine precipitation of an ordered compound CrCu 2 (Zr, Mg) is found in copper matrix as well as fine Cr and Cu 4 Zr. Along the grain boundary, there are larger chromium. The hardness and electrical conductivity can reach 109 HV and 80% IACS, respectively. Sixty percent cold-rolled deformation prior to aging at 470 deg. C enhances the hardness of the alloy. The coherent precipitates Cr in copper matrix and the dislocations pinned by the fine precipitates are responsible for maximum strengthening of the alloy. So the hardness 165 HV and electrical conductivity 79.2% IACS are available

TL response of LiF: Mg, Cu, P dosemeters in function of the photon energy

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Gonzalez, P.R.; Azorin, J.; Furetta, C.

2005-01-01

In this work the obtained results of studying the response of dosemeters of LiF: Mg, Cu, P + Ptfe, developed in the ININ, commercial dosemeters GR200A (LiF: Mg, Cu, P) of chinese manufacture and TLD-100 (LiF: Mg, Ti) US are presented, when irradiating them with X rays 16, 24, 34.5, 42, 100 and 145 keV of effective energy, with gamma rays of 662 keV ( 137 Cs) and 1252 keV ( 60 Co). The results are presented in function of the sensitivity that the dosemeters showed normalized to gamma radiation of 60 Co. It was appreciated that the dosemeters more equivalent to the tissue, they were those of LiF: Mg, Cu, P + Ptfe, while the less equivalent ones were the TLD-100. (Author)

Enhancing the CuCrZr/316L HIP-joint by Ni electroplating

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Wei, R. [Institute of Plasma Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, 230031 (China); Science Island Branch of Graduate School, University of Science & Technology of China, Hefei, 230031 (China); Zhao, S.X., E-mail: sxzhao@impcas.ac.cn [Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Science, Lanzhou, 730000 (China); Dong, H.; Che, H.Y. [Advanced Technology and Materials Co. Ltd., Beijing, 100081 (China); Li, Q.; Wang, W.J.; Wang, J.C.; Wang, X.L.; Sun, Z.X. [Institute of Plasma Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, 230031 (China); Luo, G.-N. [Institute of Plasma Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, 230031 (China); Science Island Branch of Graduate School, University of Science & Technology of China, Hefei, 230031 (China); Hefei Center for Physical Science and Technology, Hefei, 230022 (China); Hefei Science Center of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, 230027 (China)

2017-04-15

Highlights: • The quality of CuCrZr/316L HIP-joint can be enhanced by nickel electroplating on CuCrZr and 316L. • Nickel layer can prevent the occurrence of nickel-poor region in 316L and protect CuCrZr from oxidation. • A Charpy Impact Value as high as 111.5 ± 3.3 J/cm{sup 2} can be obtained by HIP at 980 °C, 140 MPa for 2 h. • At high temperature, CuCrZr is easily oxidized even in the situation of a high vacuum degree of 2 × 10{sup −5} Pa. - Abstract: The quality of CuCrZr/316L joint is crucial for the safety of ITER hypervapotron cooling structure and hot isostatic pressing (HIP) is an important bonding technique for this structure. In this paper, the authors present a finding that the CuCrZr/316L HIP-joint can be enhanced by nickel electroplating on 316L and CuCrZr. A Charpy Impact Value as high as 111.5 ± 3.3 J/cm{sup 2}, which is more than two times the value in a published article, is obtained. The influence of nickel electroplating is twofold: (1) it can prevent the occurrence of nickel-poor region in 316L and the formation of ferrite; (2) it can protect CuCrZr from oxidation during the heating stage of HIP. However, tensile test is not as effective as Charpy Impact Test in characterizing the bonding quality of the CuCrZr/316L HIP-joint. The surface treatment employed in this study is amenable to batch-scale industrial manufacturing at low cost.

Predictive calculation of phase formation in Al-rich Al-Zn-Mg-Cu-Sc-Zr alloys using a thermodynamic Mg-alloy database

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Groebner, J.; Rokhlin, L.L.; Dobatkina, T.V.; Schmid-Fetzer, R.

2007-01-01

Three series of Al-rich alloys in the system Al-Zn-Mg-Cu-Sc-Zr and the subsystems Al-Zn-Mg-Cu-Sc and Al-Zn-Mg-Sc were studied by thermodynamic calculations. Phase formation was compared with experimental data obtained by DTA and microstructural analysis. Calculated phase diagrams, phase amount charts and enthalpy charts together with non-equilibrium calculations under Scheil conditions reveal significant details of the complex phase formation. This enables consistent and correct interpretation of thermal analysis data. Especially the interpretation of liquidus temperature and primary phase is prone to be wrong without using this tool of computational thermodynamics. All data are predictions from a thermodynamic database developed for Mg-alloys and not a specialized Al-alloy database. That provides support for a reasonable application of this database for advanced Mg-alloys beyond the conventional composition ranges

Predictive calculation of phase formation in Al-rich Al-Zn-Mg-Cu-Sc-Zr alloys using a thermodynamic Mg-alloy database

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Groebner, J. [Institute of Metallurgy, Clausthal University of Technology, Robert-Koch Strasse 42, D-38678 Clausthal-Zellerfeld (Germany); Rokhlin, L.L. [Baikov Institute of Metallurgy and Materials Science, Leninsky prosp. 49, 119991 GSP-1, Moscow (Russian Federation); Dobatkina, T.V. [Baikov Institute of Metallurgy and Materials Science, Leninsky prosp. 49, 119991 GSP-1, Moscow (Russian Federation); Schmid-Fetzer, R. [Institute of Metallurgy, Clausthal University of Technology, Robert-Koch Strasse 42, D-38678 Clausthal-Zellerfeld (Germany)]. E-mail: schmid-fetzer@tu-clausthal.de

2007-05-16

Three series of Al-rich alloys in the system Al-Zn-Mg-Cu-Sc-Zr and the subsystems Al-Zn-Mg-Cu-Sc and Al-Zn-Mg-Sc were studied by thermodynamic calculations. Phase formation was compared with experimental data obtained by DTA and microstructural analysis. Calculated phase diagrams, phase amount charts and enthalpy charts together with non-equilibrium calculations under Scheil conditions reveal significant details of the complex phase formation. This enables consistent and correct interpretation of thermal analysis data. Especially the interpretation of liquidus temperature and primary phase is prone to be wrong without using this tool of computational thermodynamics. All data are predictions from a thermodynamic database developed for Mg-alloys and not a specialized Al-alloy database. That provides support for a reasonable application of this database for advanced Mg-alloys beyond the conventional composition ranges.

Microstructural evolution of direct chill cast Al-15.5Si-4Cu-1Mg-1Ni-0.5Cr alloy during solution treatment

OpenAIRE

He Kezhun; Yu Fuxiao; Zhao Dazhi

2011-01-01

Heat treatment has important influence on the microstructure and mechanical properties of Al-Si alloys. The most common used heat treatment method for these alloys is solution treatment followed by age-hardening. This paper investigates the microstructural evolution of a direct chill (DC) cast Al-15.5Si-4Cu-1Mg-1Ni-0.5Cr alloy after solution treated at 500, 510, 520 and 530℃, respectively for different times. The major phases observed in the as-cast alloy are α-aluminum dendrite, primary Si p...

锯齿新米虾对 Cu2＋和毒死蜱毒性的生理响应%Physiological Response of Neocaridina denticulate to the Toxicity of Cu2+and Chlorpyrifos

Institute of Scientific and Technical Information of China (English)

李典宝; 张玮; 王丽卿; 张瑞雷; 季高华

2015-01-01

为研究水生生物对水体中重金属和有机磷农药毒性的生理响应,以锯齿新米虾为试验生物,采用半静止毒性试验方法,分别研究了Cu2＋和毒死蜱5 d暴露时间对锯齿新米虾肌肉组织生理指标的影响.结果表明,锯齿新米虾暴露在不同浓度Cu2＋和毒死蜱溶液下,随着暴露时间的延长,肌肉组织蛋白浓度均有不同程度的降低. Cu2＋溶液较低浓度组(0.086 mg.L-1和0.172 mg.L-1)和毒死蜱较高浓度组(0.0060μg.L-1和0.0120μg.L-1)中,总SOD活性表现抑制效应；Cu2＋溶液较高浓度组(0.344 mg.L-1和0.688 mg.L-1)表现为“抑制_诱导_抑制”的变化趋势,而毒死蜱较低浓度组(0.0015μg.L-1和0.0030μg.L-1) 表现为“抑制_诱导”的变化趋势；暴露在Cu2＋和毒死蜱溶液下,MDA含量变化相似,且在一定浓度范围内,随着Cu2＋和毒死蜱浓度增加,MDA含量呈逐渐上升的趋势,说明Cu2＋和毒死蜱加快了锯齿新米虾肌肉组织脂质过氧化作用；AChE活性在Cu2＋和毒死蜱溶液中表现为抑制效应,且在Cu2＋和毒死蜱溶液的较高浓度组中,其活性随浓度的增加而呈逐渐降低的趋势,说明Cu2＋和毒死蜱对锯齿新米虾肌肉组织的正常生理功能产生了影响,其浓度越高,产生的损伤效应越大.研究表明,鉴于不同浓度的Cu2＋和毒死蜱溶液对锯齿新米虾肌肉组织的损伤程度不同,总SOD﹑MDA和AChE可以作为评价重金属和有机磷农药对锯齿新米虾急性毒性效应的生理指标.%In order to study the physioIogicaI response to heavy metaIs and organic_phosphorus pesticide toXicity of aquatic organisms, Neocaridina denticulate was used as a test organism to investigate the impact of physioIogicaI indices of N. denticulate muscIe tissues when they were eXposed to Cu2+ and chIorpyrifos for 5 days respectiveIy with the test methods of semi_static toXicity. The resuIts showed thatwhen eXposed to different concentrations of Cu2+ and

Comparison of characteristics of LiF:Mg,Ti e LiF:Mg,Cu,P thermoluminescent dosemeters; Comparacao das caracteristicas dos dosimetros termoluminescentes LiF:Mg,Ti e LiF:Mg,Cu,P

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Pereira, M.S.; Filipov, D., E-mail: dfilipov@utfpr.edu.br [Universidade Tecnologica Federal do Parana (UTFPR/DAFIS), Curitiba, PR (Brazil). Departamento Academicao de Fisica; Schelin, H.R. [Instituto de Pesquisa Pele Pequeno Principe (IPPPP), Curitiba, PR (Brazil)

2014-07-01

The aim of the current study was to compare the thermoluminescent dosimeters LiF:Mg,Ti (TLD-100) and LiF:Mg,Cu,P (MCP) data, which were acquired by the Federal Technological University - Parana. Tests were realized, for this purpose, such as: sensitivity (only one MCP TLD did not present results within the limit range), linearity (whose MCP result was better than the TLD-100 one), energy dependence (TLD-100 presented lower variation than MCP TLD) and reproducibility (whose TLD-100 results were better than the MCP ones). The results from both dosimeters show that these TLDs attend radiodiagnostic dosimetry criteria, however MCP had more satisfactory results. (author)

Determination of kinetic parameters in Tl dosemeters of LiF: Mg, Cu, P + PTFE developed in the ININ; Determinacion de parametros cineticos en dosimetros Tl de LiF: Mg, Cu, P + PTFE desarrollados en el ININ

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Basurto G, B.S

2002-07-01

The objective of this work, is the one of determining the kinetic parameters of the dosemeter of LiF: Mg, Cu, P + Ptfe; starting from the curves Tl obtained at being irradiated with alpha radiation ({alpha}), beta ({beta}) and gamma ({gamma}). As like to compare its sensitivity with each radiation type, considering the sensitivity of the TLD-100 as the unit. In the Chapter 1, the fundamental structure of the matter is described, making emphasis in the different radiation types, and their interaction with this. In the Chapter 2, the units are described but used in the dosimetry of the radiation. In the Chapter 3, the basic concepts of the phenomenon of Tl are described and those are explained characteristic of the deconvolution method to determine the kinetics of the one phenomenon. In the Chapter 4, the methodology is detailed that was used in the elaboration of this thesis work, describing the material Tl that were considered like reference, as well as the sources of ionizing radiation, with those that the dosemeters were irradiated and the equipment in the one that the curves Tl was obtained. Reference is made to the software used to carry out the deconvolution of the curves Tl that were obtained in the one experimental development. In the Chapter 5, the obtained results of this study are presented, showing the tables of homogenization of dosemeters and the reading of the same one; they are observed the curves Tl obtained to different radiation doses (alpha, beta and gamma), the intensity Tl in function of the dose. Also they are tabulated, the obtained results in the kinetic parameters of the three different study materials (TLD-100H, USA; TLD-100, USA and LiF: Mg, Cu, P + Ptfe developed in the l.N.l.N). They are analyzed shortly for each material Tl their sensitivity to the ionizing radiation as well as their kinetic parameters. The obtained results showed that the Tl dosemeters of LiF: Mg,Cu,P + Ptfe, they presented a bigger sensitivity that the TLD-100 when

Abnormal devitrification behavior and mechanical response of cold-rolled Mg-rich Mg-Cu-Gd metallic glasses

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Lee, J.I.; Kim, J.W.; Oh, H.S.; Park, J.S.; Park, E.S.

2016-01-01

Abnormal devitrification behavior and mechanical response of Mg 75 Cu 15 Gd 10 (relatively strong glass former with higher structural stability) and Mg 85 Cu 5 Gd 10 (relatively fragile glass former with lower structural stability) metallic glasses, fabricated by repeated forced cold rolling, have been investigated. When metallic glasses were cold-rolled up to a thickness reduction ratio of ∼33%, the heat of relaxation (ΔH relax. ) below T g of the cold-rolled specimens was reduced, which indicates the formation of local structural ordering via cold rolling due to stress-induced relaxation. The local structural ordering results in abnormal devitrification behavior, such as higher resistance of glass-to-supercooled liquid transition and delayed growth, in the following heat treatment due to increased nuclei density and pinning site. In particular, the fragility index, m, could assist in understanding structural stability and local structural variation by mechanical processing as well as compositional tuning. Indeed, we examine the shear avalanche size to rationalize the variation of the deformation unit size depending on the structural instability before and after cold rolling. The deformation mode in Mg 85 Cu 5 Gd 10 metallic glass might change from self-organized critical state to chaotic state by cold rolling, which results in unique hardening behavior under the condition for coexisting well distributed local structural ordering and numerous thinner shear deformed areas. These results would give us a guideline for atomic scale structural manipulation of metallic glasses, and help develop novel metallic glass matrix composites with optimal properties through effective mechanical processing as well as heat treatment.

Solution Treatment Effect on Tensile, Impact and Fracture Behaviour of Trace Zr Added Al-12Si-1Mg-1Cu Piston Alloy

Science.gov (United States)

Kaiser, Md. Salim

2018-04-01

The effects of T6 solution treatment on tensile, impact and fracture properties of cast Al-12Si-1Mg-1Cu piston alloys with trace of zirconium were investigated. Cast alloys were given precipitation strengthening treatment having a sequence of homogenizing, solutionizing, quenching and ageing. Both cast and solutionized samples are isochronally aged for 90 min at different temperatures up to 300 °C. Tensile and impact properties of the differently processed alloys have been studied to understand the precipitation strengthening of the alloys. Fractograpy of the alloys were observed to understand the mode of fracture. It is observed that the improvement in tensile properties in the aged alloys through heat treatment is mainly attributed to the formation of the Al2Cu and Mg2Si precipitates within the Al matrix. Solution treatment improves the tensile strength for the reason that during solution treatment some alloying elements are re-dissolved to produce a solute-rich solid solution. Impact energy decreases with ageing temperature due to formation of GP zones, β' and β precipitates. The fractography shows large and small dimple structure and broken or cracked primary Si, particles. Microstructure study of alloys revealed that the solution treatment improved distribution of silicon grains. The addition of Zr produces an improvement in the tensile properties as a result of its grain refining action and grain coarsening resistance in the matrix at a higher temperature.

TEM microstructural characterization of melt-spun aged Al-6Si-3Cu-xMg alloys

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Lopez, Ismeli Alfonso; Zepeda, Cuauhtemoc Maldonado; Gonzalez Reyes, Jose Gonzalo; Flores, Ariosto Medina; Rodriguez, Juan Serrato; Gomez, Luis Bejar

2007-01-01

Three Al-6Si-3Cu-xMg alloys (x = 0.59, 3.80 and 6.78 wt.%) were produced using melt-spinning. As-melt-spun ribbons were aged at 150, 180 and 210 deg. C for times between 0.05 and 100 h. Microstructural changes were examined using transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and microhardness was measured. TEM analysis of the as-melt-spun alloys revealed 5 nm nanoparticles and larger particles (50 nm) composed of Al 2 Cu (θ) for the 0.59% Mg alloy and Al 5 Cu 2 Mg 8 Si 6 (Q) for 3.80% and 6.78% Mg alloys. Silicon solid solubility was extended to 9.0 at.% and Mg in solid solution reached 6.7 at.%. After aging treatments the 6.78% Mg alloy exhibited the most significant increase in microhardness, reaching 260 kg/mm 2 . TEM analysis of aged specimens also showed θ and Q phase (5-20 nm nanoparticles and 35-40 nm particles). The combination of the volume fraction and size of the particles plays an important role in microhardness variation

Pre- and post-irradiation fading effect for LiF:Mg,Ti and LiF:Mg,Cu,P materials used in routine monitoring

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Carinou, E.; Askounis, P.; Dimitropoulou, F.; Kiranos, G.; Kyrgiakou, H.; Nirgianaki, E.; Papadomarkaki, E.; Kamenopoulou, V.

2011-01-01

LiF is a well-known thermoluminescent (TL) material used in individual monitoring, and its fading characteristics have been studied for years. In the present study, the fading characteristics (for a period of 150 d) of various commercial LiF materials with different dopants have been evaluated. The materials used in the study are those used in routine procedures by the Personal Dosimetry Dept. of Greek Atomic Energy Commission and in particular, LiF:Mg,Ti (MTS-N, TL Poland), LiF:Mg,Cu,P (MCP-N, TL Poland), LiF:Mg,Cu,P (MCP-Ns, thin active layer detector, TL Poland) and LiF:Mg,Cu,P (TLD100H, Harshaw). The study showed that there is a sensitivity loss in signal of up to 20 % for the MTS-N material for a 150-d period in the pre-irradiation fading phase. The MCP-N has a stable behaviour in the pre-irradiation fading phase, but this also depends on the readout system. As far as the post-irradiation fading effect is concerned, a decrease of up to 20 % for the MTS-N material is observed for the same time period. On the other hand, the LiF:Mg,Cu,P material presents a stable behaviour within ±5 %. These results show that the fading effect is different for each material and should be taken into account when estimating doses from dosemeters that are in use for >2 months. (authors)

A comparative study of metabolism and concentration factors of Fe, Cu, Zn, Mn, Co and Mg in Carcinus maenas and Cancer irroratus ovaries during ovogenesis

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Martin, J.-L.M.

1975-01-01

Fe, Cu, Zn, Mn, Co, and Mg were analysed in the ovary of Carcinus maenas and Cancer irroratus during ovogenesis. In both ovaries, the relatives rates, expressed as parts per millions as a ratio of wet and dry weight, are the following: Mg>Zn>Fe>Cu>Mn>Co, while in the hemolymph of Cancer irroratus these relative rates are the following: Mg>Cu>Zn>Fe>Mn>Co. Compared to concentrations of these metals in sea water, Mg expected, all metals in the ovary of Cancer irroratus have a concentration factor upper than 1. Compared to the concentration of metals in the hemolymph is, for Fe, Mn, and Co, the concentration factor upper than 1, and for Cu, Zn and Mg, the concentration factor lower than 1. A study of correlations was done between the concentrations of metals considered in pairs, and between the concentrations of metals and the parameters: water content and gonad index [fr

Structural and magnetic properties of Ni{sub 0.15}Mg{sub 0.1}Cu{sub 0.3}Zn{sub 0.45}Fe{sub 2}O{sub 4} ferrite prepared by NaOH-precipitation method

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Hou, Wei-xiao; Wang, Zhi, E-mail: zhiwang@tju.edu.cn

2015-09-15

Highlights: • NiMgCuZn ferrites were successfully prepared by low-temperature sintering. • NiMgCuZn ferrites have the advantages of both NiCuZn and MgCuZn ferrites. • NiMgCuZn ferrites exhibit high Curie temperature & high stability of permeability. - Abstract: The Ni{sub 0.15}Mg{sub 0.1}Cu{sub 0.3}Zn{sub 0.45}Fe{sub 2}O{sub 4} ferrite powders have been prepared by NaOH co-precipitation method and characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM). The XRD patterns confirm the single phase spinel structure of synthesized nanoparticles. The average crystallite size of the particles increases from 12 to 36 nm with calcining temperature (T{sub a}) from 500 to 800 °C. The saturation magnetization (M{sub s}) of the superparamagnetic particles was deduced by Langevin theory. Subsequently, the densification characteristics and magnetic properties of the low-temperature 950 °C-sintered ferrite bulk samples were also investigated. The magnetic measurement showed that the sintered bulk sample of T{sub a} = 600 °C has the highest initial permeability (μ{sub i}), lowest coercivity (H{sub c}), largest saturation magnetization (M{sub s}) and satisfactory thermal stability of μ{sub i}. The microstructures of sintered samples were examined using field emission scanning electric microscope (FESEM). The T{sub a} has significant influence on the bulk density, initial permeability, saturation magnetization and coercivity of Ni{sub 0.15}Mg{sub 0.1}Cu{sub 0.3}Zn{sub 0.45}Fe{sub 2}O{sub 4} ferrite.

Mechanical properties and microstructure of laser treated Al-Cu-Mg alloys

OpenAIRE

De Hosson , J.; Noordhuis , J.

1993-01-01

The mechanical properties and microstructural features of Al-Cu-Mg alloys were investigated, as exposed to laser treatments at various scan velocities. As far as the mechanical property is concerned a striking observation is a minimum in the hardness value at a laser scan velocity of 1/2 cm/s. Usually an increasing hardness with increasing laser scan velocities is reported in the literature. This remarkable property could be explained based on the microstructural features observed by transmis...

ETUDE DILATOMÉTRIQUE ET CALORIMÉTRIQUE DES ALLIAGES AL-5.8%MG-2.7%ZN ET AL-6.2%ZN-2.5%MG-1.7%CU

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

M Benabdoun

2010-06-01

Full Text Available Cet article présente une étude sur la détermination du coefficient linéaire de dilatation thermique et de la capacité calorifique, dans l’intervalle de température [25-400°C] de deux alliages d’aluminium, Al-Zn-Mg et Al-Zn-Mg-Cu dans trois différents états structuraux. Les principaux résultats obtenus dans ce travail montrent que la cinétique des phénomènes liés à la précipitation de la phase η ', dans les deux alliages, est accélérée dans le cas des échantillons ayant subi un traitement thermique d’homogénéisation (H et d’homogénéisation +déformation (H+D, et que le domaine de température correspondant à cette transformation de phase est décalé vers des températures plus basses que celles enregistrées dans le cas des échantillons restés à l’état brut (B. Cette étude montre aussi que le cuivre stabilise les zones de Guignier et Preston(G.P à des températures plus hautes.

Effect of Cr, Ti, V, and Zr Micro-additions on Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of the Al-Si-Cu-Mg Cast Alloy

Science.gov (United States)

Shaha, S. K.; Czerwinski, F.; Kasprzak, W.; Friedman, J.; Chen, D. L.

2016-05-01

Uniaxial static and cyclic tests were used to assess the role of Cr, Ti, V, and Zr additions on properties of the Al-7Si-1Cu-0.5Mg (wt pct) alloy in as-cast and T6 heat-treated conditions. The microstructure of the as-cast alloy consisted of α-Al, eutectic Si, and Cu-, Mg-, and Fe-rich phases Al2.1Cu, Al8.5Si2.4Cu, Al5.2CuMg4Si5.1, and Al14Si7.1FeMg3.3. In addition, the micro-sized Cr/Zr/Ti/V-rich phases Al10.7SiTi3.6, Al6.7Si1.2TiZr1.8, Al21.4Si3.4Ti4.7VZr1.8, Al18.5Si7.3Cr2.6V, Al7.9Si8.5Cr6.8V4.1Ti, Al6.3Si23.2FeCr9.2V1.6Ti1.3, Al92.2Si16.7Fe7.6Cr8.3V1.8, and Al8.2Si30.1Fe1.6Cr18.8V3.3Ti2.9Zr were present. During solution treatment, Cu-rich phases were completely dissolved, while the eutectic silicon, Fe-, and Cr/Zr/Ti/V-rich intermetallics experienced only partial dissolution. Micro-additions of Cr, Zr, Ti, and V positively affected the alloy strength. The modified alloy in the T6 temper during uniaxial tensile tests exhibited yield strength of 289 MPa and ultimate tensile strength of 342 MPa, being significantly higher than that for the Al-Si-Cu-Mg base. Besides, the cyclic yield stress of the modified alloy in the T6 state increased by 23 pct over that of the base alloy. The fatigue life of the modified alloy was substantially longer than that of the base alloy tested using the same parameters. The role of Cr, Ti, V, and Zr containing phases in controlling the alloy fracture during static and cyclic loading is discussed.

Some solid state properties of LiF:Mg,Cu,P TL-materials

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Prokert, K [Dresden Univ. of Technology (Georgia). Inst. of Radiation Protection

1996-12-31

This paper describes some investigations of solid state characteristics of a LiF:Mg,Cu,P thermoluminofor. The investigations were carried out with LiF:Mg,Cu,P-thermoluminescence (TL)-material prepared by the chemical institute of the Moscow State University in form of powder and sintered pellets. Following methods were used: (1) Studies of the chemical composition was carried out by x-ray fluorescence analysis with `SPECTRO-X-LAB`-equipment with Rh-anode, B{sub 4}C-polarizator, LN{sub 2}-cooled 30 mm{sup 2} Si(Li)-detector with Be-window (energy resolution 155 keV for Mn-k{sub {alpha}}-radiation). The software of the equipment permits a qualitative and quantitative determination of elements with atomic numbers >10; (2) investigations of the crystal structure were taken by x-ray-diffractometry with a SIEMENS-diffractometer D 500 using Cu-k{sub {alpha}}-radiation. The integrated software permits to analyze the crystalline phases using the data of the measured material by comparison with standards spectra of various pure substances. The results of determination of the chemical composition and the crystal structure show that in the thermoluminofor LiF:Mg,Cu,P, besides the basic material LiF also Li{sub 3}PO{sub 4}- and Li{sub 4}P{sub 2}O{sub 7}-crystal regions exists. The occurrence of the two lithium phosphate phases follow from the high ammonium phosphate content in the mixture for the thermoluminofor production. The formation of the various lithium phosphates depends from state of dehydration of phosphoric acids, created by thermal decomposition of NH{sub 4}H{sub 2}PO{sub 4} before their reactions with LiF start. Therefore the content of these compounds can differ if thermoluminofors are prepared under various conditions. The maintenance of the needed equilibrium of special structures in the material depends on the preparation procedure, on the reading and annealing methods. Typically for such an equilibrium is its poor thermal stability. (Abstract Truncated)

Altered physiology, cell structure, and gene expression of Theobroma cacao seedlings subjected to Cu toxicity.

Science.gov (United States)

Souza, Vânia L; de Almeida, Alex-Alan F; Souza, Jadiel de S; Mangabeira, Pedro A O; de Jesus, Raildo M; Pirovani, Carlos P; Ahnert, Dário; Baligar, Virupax C; Loguercio, Leandro L

2014-01-01

Seedlings of Theobroma cacao CCN 51 genotype were grown under greenhouse conditions and exposed to increasing concentrations of Cu (0.005, 1, 2, 4, 8, 16, and 32 mg Cu L(-1)) in nutrient solution. When doses were equal or higher than 8 mg Cu L(-1), after 24 h of treatment application, leaf gas exchange was highly affected and changes in chloroplasts thylakoids of leaf mesophyll cells and plasmolysis of cells from the root cortical region were observed. In addition, cell membranes of roots and leaves were damaged. In leaves, 96 h after treatments started, increases in the percentage of electrolyte leakage through membranes were observed with increases of Cu in the nutrient solution. Moreover, there was an increase in the concentration of thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances in roots due to lipid peroxidation of membranes. Chemical analysis showed that increases in Cu concentrations in vegetative organs of T. cacao increased with the increase of the metal in the nutrient solution, but there was a greater accumulation of Cu in roots than in shoots. The excess of Cu interfered in the levels of Mn, Zn, Fe, Mg, K, and Ca in different organs of T. cacao. Analysis of gene expression via RTq-PCR showed increased levels of MT2b, SODCyt, and PER-1 expression in roots and of MT2b, PSBA, PSBO, SODCyt, and SODChI in leaves. Hence, it was concluded that Cu in nutrient solution at doses equal or above 8 mg L(-1) significantly affected leaf gas exchange, cell ultrastructure, and transport of mineral nutrients in seedlings of this T. cacao genotype.

Tl response of LiF:Mg, Cu, P + PTFE to Am-Be neutrons

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Gonzalez M, P.R.

2000-01-01

In different laboratories of the world it is followed the research about development of new Tl materials, whose main characteristics should be their equivalence with the tissue and their high sensibility to any type of radiation. The study consists in to measure the Tl peak intensity which TLD-100 presents at being irradiated with neutrons and that appears over 250 Centigrade, for compare it with the Tl intensity of the LiF: Mg, Cu, P + PTFE dosemeters. However, not all dosemeters of the same group show the interesting peak, by this only can be the total Tl intensity of dosemeters studied. In the ININ dosemeters development laboratory, we have developed a Tl material of lithium fluoride activated with magnesium, copper and phosphorus (LiF: Mg, Cu, P) that in polycrystalline powder form is almost 35 times more sensitive than the TLD-100 commercial dosemeter of Harshaw/Filtrol, USA. With the use of polytetrafluorethylene (PTFE) and with the above described Tl material, it has been possible to obtain dosemeters in pellet form of LiF: Mg, Cu, P + PTFE. (Author)

Is the High Cu Tolerance of Trichoderma atroviride Isolated from the Cu-Polluted Sediment Due to Adaptation? An In Vitro Toxicological Study

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Yap, C.K.; Yazdani, M.; Abdullah, F.; Tan, S.G.

2011-01-01

The tolerance of Cu by Trichoderma atroviride, a tolerant fungus isolated from the drainage surface sediment of the Serdang Industrial Area was investigated under in vitro conditions. Only this fungus species can tolerate up to 600 mg/ L of Cu on solid medium Potato Dextrose Agar based on the isolation of the most tolerant fungus from the polluted sediment. Toxicity test performed on T. atroviride, showed a maximum tolerance at 300 mg/L of Cu concentration when grown in liquid medium Potato Dextrose Broth (PDB). The EC 50 value of the isolate was 287.73 mg/ L of Cu concentration in PDB. The Cu concentration in the drainage surface sediment, where the T. atroviride was isolated from, was 347.64 μg/ g while the geochemical distributions of the non-resistant and resistant fractions of Cu were 99.6 and 0.4 %, respectively. The sediment data indicated that the drainage had greatly received anthropogenic Cu from the nearby industries which are involved in the manufacturing of plastics and electronic products. The present findings indicate that the high Cu tolerance showed by T. atroviride could be due to the well adaptation of the fungus to the Cu polluted sediment. Therefore, T. atroviride could be a potential bioremediator of Cu pollution in the freshwater ecosystem. (author)

Simulation of YBa{sub 2}Cu{sub 3}O{sub 7}/MgO surface growth

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Mohammadizadeh, M.R. [Superconductivity Research Laboratory (SRL), Department of Physics, University of Tehran, North Karegar Ave., P.O. Box 14395-547, Tehran (Iran); Computational Physical Sciences Research Laboratory, Department of Nano-Science, Institute for Studies in Theoretical Physics and Mathematics (IPM), P.O. Box 19395-5531, Tehran (Iran); Safari, N.; Kia, M.; Savaloni, H. [Superconductivity Research Laboratory (SRL), Department of Physics, University of Tehran, North Karegar Ave., P.O. Box 14395-547, Tehran (Iran)

2006-09-15

For surface growth simulation of YBa{sub 2}Cu{sub 3}O{sub 7} on MgO substrate, binding energies between each two different Y, Ba, Cu, O, and Mg atoms were calculated by ab initio pseudopotential density functional theory approach. Then, simulation of YBa{sub 2}Cu{sub 3}O{sub 7} growth was performed by a simple two dimensional model based on the ballistic aggregation of hard discs. By increasing the substrate temperature, the atomic layers distribution is more condensed and the nanometric surface roughness decreases. (copyright 2006 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH and Co. KGaA, Weinheim) (orig.)

Grain Refinement and High-Performance of Equal-Channel Angular Pressed Cu-Mg Alloy for Electrical Contact Wire

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Aibin Ma

2014-12-01

Full Text Available Multi-pass equal-channel angular pressing (EACP was applied to produce ultrafine-grained (UFG Cu-0.2wt%Mg alloy contact wire with high mechanical/electric performance, aim to overcome the catenary barrier of high-speed trains by maximizing the tension and improving the power delivery. Microstructure evolution and overall properties of the Cu-Mg alloy after different severe-plastic-deformation (SPD routes were investigated by microscopic observation, tensile and electric tests. The results show that the Cu-Mg alloy after multi-pass ECAP at 473 K obtains ultrafine grains, higher strength and desired conductivity. More passes of ECAP leads to finer grains and higher strength, but increasing ECAP temperature significantly lower the strength increment of the UFG alloy. Grain refinement via continuous SPD processing can endow the Cu-Mg alloy superior strength and good conductivity characteristics, which are advantageous to high-speed electrification railway systems.

Analysis of the stability of the traps in LiF: Mg, Cu, P by deconvolution of it Tl curve

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Gonzalez, P.R.; Azorin, J.; Furetta, C.; Lopez, J.

2004-01-01

The results of the study of the stability of the traps are presented in Tl dosemeters of LiF: Mg,Cu,P + Ptfe, developed in the ININ, taking like reference to the commercial dosemeter GR200A of Chinese factory. The readings taken Tl the same day of the irradiation they presented four peaks whose energy, determined by deconvolution were; 1.30 ± 0.01 eV, 1.50 ± 0.01 eV, 1.70 ± 0.01 eV and 2.58± 0.02 eV, for LiF: Mg,Cu,P + Ptfe, while for GR200A the energies were: 1.33 ± 0.11 eV, 1.58 ± 0.11 eV, 1.73 ± 0.11 eV and 2.60 ± 0.03 eV. The energy of the peaks 3 and 4 that remained visible during six months of study it was: 1.38 ± 0.01 eV and 2.65 ± 0.01 eV, for LiF: Mg,Cu,P + Ptfe respectively, in the same order for GR200A, the energies were: 1.51 ± 0.02 eV and 2.64 ± 0.03 eV. (Author)

TL-OSL study of Li{sub 3}PO{sub 4}: Mg, Cu phosphor

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Rahangdale, S. R., E-mail: sachin.rahangdale1@gmail.com; Wankhede, S. P. [Department of Physics, K.D.K.College of Engineering, Nagpur (India); Dhabekar, B. S. [RPAD, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Trombay, Mumbai 400085 (India); Palikundwar, U. A.; Moharil, S. V. [Department of Physics, RTM Nagpur University, Nagpur, 440010 (India)

2015-08-28

In the present work, we report the thermoluminescence and optically stimulated luminescence properties of Mg and Cu doped Li{sub 3}PO{sub 4} phosphor. The phosphor was synthesized by precipitation method. The thermoluminescence dosimetric peak temperature for the phosphor varies with concentrations of Mg and Cu. Li{sub 3}PO{sub 4} shows good response to 470nm optical stimulation. The OSL sensitivity of the phosphor is approximately 12 times than that of standard Lithium magnesium phosphate. This study may help to develop this material for the application in real time dosimetry using optically stimulated luminescence.

The effect of copper additions in the synthesis of in situ MgB2 Cu-sheathed wires

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Woźniak, M.; Hopkins, S.C.; Gajda, D.; Glowacki, B.A.

2012-01-01

The powder-in-tube (PIT) technique has been used to fabricate copper-sheathed magnesium diboride (MgB 2 ) wires using an insitu reaction method. The effect of copper powder additions, magnesium-boron molar ratio and heat treatment is studied by SEM, XRD, transport critical current I c (B) and resistivity ρ(T, B) measurements. The results show that addition of copper powder to the core of the wire accelerates the formation of MgB 2 and hence increases its amount and greatly decreases the amount of Mg-Cu intermetallic phases present in the core of the wire after heat treatment. Excess magnesium proved to be effective in compensating for Mg loss due to interdiffusion with the Cu of the wire sheath and resulted in less unreacted boron in the core for wires without added Cu, but seems to oppose the accelerated formation of MgB 2 in Cu added wires. The highest critical current density, 2.8 × 10 4 A cm -2 at 3 T and 4.2 K, was achieved for a wire with a stoichiometric Mg:B ratio and 3 at.% added copper powder heat treated at 700 °C for 5 min.

Auto-combustion synthesis and characterization of Mg doped CuAlO{sub 2} nanoparticles

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Agrawal, Shraddha, E-mail: shraddhaa32@gmail.com; Parveen, Azra; Naqvi, A. H. [Centre of Excellence in Materials Science (Nanomaterials), Department of Applied Physics, Z.H. College of Engg.& Technology, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh-202002 (India)

2015-06-24

The synthesis of pure and Mg doped Copper aluminumoxide CuAlO{sub 2}nanoparticles, a promising p-type TCO (transparent conducting oxide) have been done bysol gel auto combustion method using NaOH as a fuel, calcinated at 600°C. The structural properties were examined by XRD and SEM techniques. The optical absorption spectra of CuAlO{sub 2} sample recorded by UV-VIS spectrophotometer in the range of 200 to 800 nm have been presented. The crystallite size was determined by powder X-ray diffraction technique. The electrical behavior of pure and Mg doped CuAlO{sub 2} has been studied over a wide range of frequencies by using complex impedance spectroscopy.The variation of a.c. conductivity has been studied as function of frequency and temperature. The data taken together conclude that doping causes decreases in the ac conductivity of the nanoparticles as compared with the pure nanoparticles. Mg doping affects the optical properties and band gap.

Fading of the Tl signal in LiF: Mg, Cu, P during a large post irradiation period

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Gonzalez, P.R.; Azorin, J.; Furetta, C.

2004-01-01

In this work the obtained results of the study of the fading of the Tl signal in dosemeters of LiF activated with magnesium, copper and phosphorus (LiF:Mg,Cu,P) are presented. The studied dosemeters were LiF: Mg,Cu,P + Ptfe, developed in the ININ, taking like reference to the commercial dosemeter GR200A of Chinese manufacture. In both cases the Tl curve presents four peaks; in LiF: Mg,Cu,P + Ptfe, the peaks of smaller size appear in 359 K, 389 K and 447 K, the main dosimetric peak appears in 486 K; in GR200A, the peaks of smaller size appear in 360 K, 389 K and 445 K; while the main dosimetric peak appears in 487 K. The highest fading shown by the dosemeters of LiF: Mg,Cu,P + Ptfe, it was of 3.07%, value very below the one recommended for dosimetric purposes. While the commercial dosemeters presented a fading until of 6.23%, surpassing with the recommended values. The observed fading, it corresponds to the lost of the Tl signal of the peaks 1 and 2, since the first one disappears few hours after the irradiation, while the peak 2, it disappears completely after 94 days, the peak 3 remained stable during the six months of study, while the peak 4, it showed a slight increment due to the contribution of the dose of natural environmental radiation. (Author)

Stability of midazolam hydrochloride injection 1-mg/mL solutions in polyvinyl chloride and polyolefin bags.

Science.gov (United States)

Karlage, Kelly; Earhart, Zachary; Green-Boesen, Kelly; Myrdal, Paul B

2011-08-15

The stability of midazolam hydrochloride injection 1-mg/mL solutions in polyvinyl chloride (PVC) and polyolefin bags under varying conditions was evaluated. Triplicate solutions of midazolam hydrochloride 1-mg/mL were prepared in polyolefin and PVC i.v. bags by diluting midazolam hydrochloride injection 5 mg/mL with 5% dextrose injection. Bags were then stored under refrigeration (3-4 °C), exposed to light at room temperature (20-25 °C), or protected from light in amber bags at room temperature. Samples were taken immediately after preparation (day 0) and on days 1, 2, 3, 6, 13, 20, and 27 for analysis with a stability-indicating high-performance liquid chromatography assay in order to determine solution concentration. Stability was defined as retention of at least 90% of the initial drug concentration. The pH of each solution was also measured weekly. Sterility of the i.v. bags was determined at the end of the study by microbiological testing with culture in growth media. Differences in concentrations under the various storage conditions and bags used were analyzed using analysis of variance. All solutions retained over 98% of the initial midazolam hydrochloride concentration, with no statistically significant (p ≥ 0.05) change in concentration over the four-week period. Stability was not affected by temperature, exposure to light, or bag type. The pH of all solutions remained between 3.2 and 3.4 throughout the study. Sterility after 28 days was retained. Midazolam hydrochloride 1-mg/mL solutions diluted in 5% dextrose injection remained stable over 27 days in both polyolefin and PVC i.v. bags, regardless of storage condition.

The Influence of Cu Addition on Dispersoid Formation and Mechanical Properties of Al-Mn-Mg 3004 Alloy

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Zhen Li

2018-03-01

Full Text Available The effect of Cu addition on dispersoid precipitation, mechanical properties and creep resistance was investigated in an Al-Mn-Mg 3004 alloy. The addition of Cu promoted dispersoid precipitation by increasing the number density and decreasing the size of dispersoids. Metastable β′-Mg2Si and Q-AlCuMgSi precipitates were observed during the heating process and both could provide favorable nucleation sites for dispersoid precipitation. The addition of Cu improved the thermal stability of dispersoids during a long-term thermal holding at 350 °C for 500 h. Results of mechanical testing show that the addition of Cu remarkably improved the hardness at room temperature, as well as the yield strength and creep resistance at 300 °C, which was mainly attributed to dispersoid strengthening and Cu solid solution strengthening. The yield strength contribution at 300 °C was quantitatively evaluated based on the dispersoid, solid solution and matrix contributions. It was confirmed that dispersoid strengthening is the main strengthening mechanism in the experimental alloys.

Analysis Of Non-Volatile Toxic Heavy Metals (Cd, Pb, Cu,Cr And Zn In ALLIUM SATIVUM (Garlic And Soil Samples ,Collected From Different Locations Of Punjab, Pakistan By Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Ata S.

2013-04-01

Full Text Available Garlic is one of the most widely used medicinal plants. The monitoring of toxic metals such as lead, Cadmium, Chromium, Copper and Zinc in garlic and the soil of garlic fields collected from ten different cities of Punjab is critical for preventing public health against the hazards of metal toxicity. The levels of toxic heavy metals in garlic and soil samples were investigated using Atomic absorption spectrometer. The metal content in garlic samples was found to be in increasing order as Cr> Pb> Cd> Cu> Zn. Infield metal content in the soil also followed the same trend. In garlic samples, Pb, Cd, Cr, Zn and Cu ranged from 0.039mg/L to 0.757mg/L, N.D to 1.211mg/L, 0.03mg/L to 0.451mg/L, 0.02mg/Lto0.42mg/L and 0.451mg/L to 0.893mg/L respectively. In soil samples, Pb, Cd, Cr, Zn and Cu were ranged from 0.459mg/L to 0.797mg/L, 0.205mg/L to1.062mg/L, 0.074mg/L to 2.598mg/L, 0.124mg/L to 0.276mg/L and 0.494mg/L to 0.921mg/L respectively. In our study, the Pb and Cd was found more in garlic from Gujranwala and Jaranwala, Cu and Zn were more in samples from Kasur while Cr was predominant in sample from Sheikhupura. Heavy metal content in soil and garlic samples was within the permissible limits proposed by World Health Organization (WHO.

Effect of Mg contents on the mechanical proprieties and precipitation kinetics in Al–3.3 wt.% Cu alloy

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Messaoud Fatmi

2018-01-01

Full Text Available The effect of additional Mg on the microstructure, mechanical properties, and transformation kinetics during aging in Al–3.3 wt.% Cu alloy was studied. The compositions and microstructure were examined by X-ray diffraction, Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC and scanning electron microscope (SEM with energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS. The results show that the Mg in the Al–Cu alloy mainly precipitated to the grain boundaries during the process of transformation and formed a ternary Al2CuMg metallic compound and the rate of discontinuous precipitation reaction decreases with increasing concentration of Mg. The activation energy of crystallization was evaluated by applying the Kissinger equation.

Hydrogen absorption in Mg1.95Ti0.05Ni0.95Cu0.05 alloy prepared with mechanical alloying and thermal treatment; Absorcion de hidrogeno en la aleacion Mg1.95Ti0.05Ni0.95Cu0.05 preparada por aleado mecanico y tratamiento termico

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Martinez, Juan Bonifacio; Urena Nunez, Fernando [Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Nucleares, Ocoyoacac, Estado de Mexico (Mexico)]. E-mail: juan.bonifacio@inin.gob.mx

2009-09-15

This work presents hydrogen absorption in quaternary alloy Mg1.95Ti0.05Ni0.95Cu0.05 obtained by the mechanical alloying method, followed by thermal treatment in ultra-high pure argon atmosphere. The composition of the phases, microstructure and morphology of ground powders and with thermal treatment were characterized by DRX, SEM/EDS and TEM. After 20 hours of mechanical grinding and recooked at 300 degrees Celsius/1h in argon atmosphere, the quaternary alloy has a Mg{sub 2}Ni crystalline hexagonal structure with a crystallite size under 10 nm. The absorption measurements were performed under a pressure of 0.2 to 1.2 MPa at a temperature of 200 degrees Celsius in a micro-reactor. The quantification of absorption-desorption of hydrogen in the intermetallic was conducted in a TGA-DSC simultaneous calorimeter. Metallic hydride-dehydride powder was characterized with SEM and XRD. [Spanish] En este trabajo se presenta la absorcion de hidrogeno en la aleacion cuaternaria Mg1.95Ti0.05Ni0.95Cu0.05 obtenida por el metodo de aleado mecanico, seguida de tratamiento termico en atmosfera de argon de ultra alta pureza. La composicion de las fases, microestructura y morfologia de los polvos molidos y con tratamiento termico fue caracterizada por DRX, SEM/EDS y TEM. Despues de 20 h de molienda mecanica con recocido a 300 grados Celsios/1h en atmosfera de argon, la aleacion cuaternaria tiene una estructura cristalina hexagonal Mg{sub 2}Ni con tamano de cristalito menor a 10 nm. Las mediciones de absorcion fueron realizadas bajo una presion de 0.2 a 1.2 MPa a una temperatura de 200 grados Celsios en un micro-reactor. La cuantificacion de absorcion-desorcion de hidrogeno en el intermetalico se realizo en un calorimetro simultaneo TGA-DSC. Se determino que la cantidad maxima absorbida de hidrogeno en la aleacion cuaternaria fue de 3.24% en peso cuando la presion fue de 0.8 MPa a dicha temperatura. Polvos metalicos hidrurados-deshidrurados se caracterizaron por SEM y XRD.

Influence of dopants on the glow curve structure and energy dependence of LiF:Mg,Cu,Si detectors

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Knezevic, Z., E-mail: zknez@irb.h [Ruder Boskovic Institute, Bijenicka 54, 10000 Zagreb (Croatia); Ranogajec-Komor, M.; Miljanic, S. [Ruder Boskovic Institute, Bijenicka 54, 10000 Zagreb (Croatia); Lee, J.I.; Kim, J.L. [Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, P.O. Box 105 Yuseong, Daejon 305-600 (Korea, Republic of); Music, S. [Ruder Boskovic Institute, Bijenicka 54, 10000 Zagreb (Croatia)

2011-03-15

LiF thermoluminescent material doped with Mg, Cu and Si recently developed by the Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute (KAERI) has shown very good dosimetric properties. Since the thermoluminescence in LiF was found to be dependent on the proper combination of dopants, the investigation of the concentration and type of dopants is very important in developing and characterisation of new TL materials. The aim of this work was to determine the influence of type and concentration of activators on the glow curve structure, sensitivity, reproducibility and on the photon energy response of LiF:Mg,Cu,Si detectors. The energy response was studied in air and on the ISO water phantom in the range of mean photon energies between 33 keV and 164 keV. The morphology and local chemical composition of LiF:Mg,Cu,Si detectors were examined using high resolution scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM). The results show that type and concentration of activators influence the glow curve and sensitivity. Different dopant concentrations did not show influence on the photon energy response. The sensitivity of LiF:Mg,Cu,Si detector with dopant concentration of Mg = 0.35 mol%, Cu = 0.025 mol% and Si = 0.9 mol% was very high (up to 65 times higher than that of TLD-100). The photon energy response of LiF:Mg,Cu,Si detectors containing all three dopants in various concentrations is in accordance with the IAEA recommendations for individual monitoring.

Influence of dopants on the glow curve structure and energy dependence of LiF:Mg,Cu,Si detectors

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Knezevic, Z.; Ranogajec-Komor, M.; Miljanic, S.; Lee, J.I.; Kim, J.L.; Music, S.

2011-01-01

LiF thermoluminescent material doped with Mg, Cu and Si recently developed by the Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute (KAERI) has shown very good dosimetric properties. Since the thermoluminescence in LiF was found to be dependent on the proper combination of dopants, the investigation of the concentration and type of dopants is very important in developing and characterisation of new TL materials. The aim of this work was to determine the influence of type and concentration of activators on the glow curve structure, sensitivity, reproducibility and on the photon energy response of LiF:Mg,Cu,Si detectors. The energy response was studied in air and on the ISO water phantom in the range of mean photon energies between 33 keV and 164 keV. The morphology and local chemical composition of LiF:Mg,Cu,Si detectors were examined using high resolution scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM). The results show that type and concentration of activators influence the glow curve and sensitivity. Different dopant concentrations did not show influence on the photon energy response. The sensitivity of LiF:Mg,Cu,Si detector with dopant concentration of Mg = 0.35 mol%, Cu = 0.025 mol% and Si = 0.9 mol% was very high (up to 65 times higher than that of TLD-100). The photon energy response of LiF:Mg,Cu,Si detectors containing all three dopants in various concentrations is in accordance with the IAEA recommendations for individual monitoring.

Extraction atomic absorption determination of Cu, Ca, Mg and In in potassium chloride

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Telegin, G.F.; Chaplygin, V.I.

1980-01-01

Determination of microadmixtures of Cu, Ca, Mg, and In in potassium chloride by means of extraction separation of hydroxyquinolines of the elements determined by isoamyl alcohol from the sample basis is described. In is extracted in 10 min at pH 1.5-2.5% (100%). The extract is sprayed in the acetylene-air flame. Lower limits of the concentrations determined are 10 -5 -10 -7 %

Sorption Behavior of Cu(II From Acidic SolutionUsing Weathered Basalt Andesite Products

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Rajesh Singh

2007-01-01

Full Text Available Wastewater discharged from electroplating industry pose a serioushazard due to their heavy metal load. The objective of this work is to evaluatethe removal of Cu(II from acidic solution by sorption onto Weathered BasaltAndesite Products (WBAP. WBAP has been characterized and utilized forremoval of copper from aqueous solution over wide range of initial metal ionconcentration (25 mg/L to 500 mg/L, contact duration (0-8 h, sorbent dose(5-35 g/L, pH (1.0 to 6.0, and temperature (276 K to 333 K. The sorptionpattern of Cu ions onto WBAP followed Langmuir, Freundlich, and Dubinin-Kaganer-Radushkevich isotherms. The thermodynamic parameters (∆H0, ∆S0,and ∆G0 for Cu sorption onto WBAP were also determined.

Hydrogen storage properties of LaMgNi3.6M0.4 (M = Ni, Co, Mn, Cu, Al) alloys

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Yang, Tai; Zhai, Tingting; Yuan, Zeming; Bu, Wengang; Xu, Sheng; Zhang, Yanghuan

2014-01-01

Highlights: • La–Mg–Ni system AB 2 -type alloys were prepared by induction melting. • Structures and lattice parameters were analysed by XRD. • Hydrogen absorption/desorption performances were studied. • Mechanisms of hydrogen absorption capacity fading were investigated. - Abstract: LaMgNi 3.6 M 0.4 (M = Ni, Co, Mn, Cu, Al) alloys were prepared through induction melting process. The phase compositions and crystal structures were characterised via X-ray diffraction (XRD). The hydrogen storage properties, including activation performance, hydrogen absorption capacity, cycle stability, alloy particle pulverisation and plateau pressure, were systemically investigated. Results show that Ni, Co, Mn and Cu substitution alloys exhibit multiphase structures comprising the main phase LaMgNi 4 and the secondary phase LaNi 5 . However, the secondary phase of the Al substitution alloy changes into LaAlNi 4 . The lattice parameters and cell volumes of the LaMgNi 4 phase follow the order Ni < Co < Al < Cu < Mn. Activation is simplified through partial substitution of Ni with Al, Cu and Co. The hydrogen absorption capacities of all of the alloys are approximately 1.7 wt.% at the first activation process; however, they rapidly decrease with increasing cycle number. In addition, the stabilities of hydriding and dehydriding cycles decrease in the order Al > Co > Ni > Cu > Mn. Hydriding processes result in numerous cracks and amorphisation of the LaMgNi 4 phase in the alloys. The p–c isotherms were determined by a Sieverts-type apparatus. Two plateaus were observed for the Ni, Co and Al substitution alloys, whereas only one plateau was found for Mn and Cu. This result was caused by the amorphisation of the LaMgNi 4 phase during the hydriding cycles. Reversible absorption and desorption of hydrogen are difficult to achieve. Substitutions of Ni with Co, Mn, Cu and Al significantly influence the reduction of hysteresis between hydriding and dehydriding

One-step synthesis and applications of fluorescent Cu nanoclusters stabilized by L-cysteine in aqueous solution

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Yang, Xiaoming; Feng, Yuanjiao; Zhu, Shanshan; Luo, Yawen; Zhuo, Yan; Dou, Yao

2014-01-01

Graphical abstract: An innovative and simple strategy for synthesizing high-fluorescent Cu nanoclusters stabilized with L-cysteine has been successfully established in aqueous solution. Significantly, the Cu nanoclusters were employed for sensitive and selective detections of Hg 2+ , coding and fluorescent staining, suggesting their potential toward various applications. - Highlights: • A novel, one-step strategy for synthesizing water-soluble CuNCs was established. • A simple, selective, and cost-effective assay for Hg 2+ was developed. • CuNCs may broaden ways for fluorescent staining and coding. - Abstract: Herein, an innovative and simple strategy for synthesizing high fluorescent Cu nanoclusters was successfully established while L-cysteine played a role as the stabilizer. Meaningfully, the current Cu nanoclusters together with a quantum yield of 14.3% were prepared in aqueous solution, indicating their extensive applications. Subsequently, the possible fluorescence mechanism was elucidated by fluorescence, UV–vis, HR-TEM, FTIR, XPS, and MS. Additionally, the CuNCs were employed for assaying Hg 2+ on the basis of the interactions between Hg 2+ and L-cysteine; thus facilitating the quenching of their fluorescence. The proposed analytical strategy permitted detections of Hg 2+ in a linear range of 1.0 × 10 −7 mol L −1 × 10 −3 mol L −1 , with a detection limit of 2.4 × 10 −8 mol L −1 at a signal-to-noise ratio of 3. Significantly, this CuNCs described here were further applied for coding and fluorescent staining, suggesting may broaden avenues toward diverse applications

Stability of rapidly quenched and hydrogenated Mg-Ni-Y and Mg-Cu-Y alloys in extreme alkaline medium

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Gebert, A.; Khorkounov, B.; Wolff, U.; Mickel, Ch.; Uhlemann, M.; Schultz, L.

2006-01-01

Amorphous-nanocrystalline Mg 50 Ni 30 Y 20 and Mg 63 Ni 30 Y 7 and amorphous Mg 65 Cu 25 Y 10 alloys were produced by melt-spinning and characterized regarding their microstructure and thermal behaviour using XRD, TEM and DSC. Their electrochemical behaviour in the as-quenched state and after hydrogen charging at -25 mA/cm 2 for up to 20 h was studied in electrolytes with pH 5-7 and 13, but mainly in a battery electrolyte: 6 M KOH with pH 14.8 by means of anodic and cathodic polarization measurements. In the as-quenched state, the highest alloys stability was observed at pH 13. At pH 14.8, gradual oxidation and dissolution of copper or nickel governs the anodic behaviour before a passive state is attained. The dissolution of nickel is much more inhibited than that of copper due to its lower tendency to form soluble oxidized ions and to a stabilizing effect of higher fractions of yttrium in the alloy on the passivation. By galvanostatic charging, the Mg 65 Cu 25 Y 10 alloy shows the highest hydrogen absorption capacity followed by Mg 50 Ni 30 Y 20 and Mg 63 Ni 30 Y 7 . During the charging process, the alloys exhibit a change in the surface state chemistry, i.e. an enrichment of nickel- or copper-rich species, causing preferential oxidation and dissolution during subsequent exposure under free corrosion and anodic conditions. Mg-Ni-Y alloys demonstrate a higher stability during this treatment in extreme alkaline medium. The reasons for this and consequences regarding the use as electrode materials are discussed in detail

Effect Of SiC Particles On Sinterability Of Al-Zn-Mg-Cu P/M Alloy

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Rudianto H.

2015-06-01

Full Text Available Premix Al-5.5Zn-2.5Mg-0.5Cu alloy powder was analyzed as matrix in this research. Gas atomized powder Al-9Si with 20% volume fraction of SiC particles was used as reinforcement and added into the alloy with varied concentration. Mix powders were compacted by dual action press with compaction pressure of 700 MPa. High volume fraction of SiC particles gave lower green density due to resistance of SiC particles to plastic deformation during compaction process and resulted voids between particles and this might reduce sinterability of this mix powder. Sintering was carried out under ultra high purity nitrogen gas from 565°-580°C for 1 hour. High content of premix Al-5.5Zn-2.5Mg-0.5Cu alloy powder gave better sintering density and reached up to 98% relative. Void between particles, oxide layer on aluminum powder and lower wettability between matrix and reinforcement particles lead to uncompleted liquid phase sintering, and resulted on lower sintering density and mechanical properties on powder with high content of SiC particles. Mix powder with wt90% of Alumix 431D and wt10% of Al-9Si-vf20SiC powder gave higher tensile strength compare to another mix powder for 270 MPa. From chemical compositions, sintering precipitates might form after sintering such as MgZn2, CuAl2 and Mg2Si. X-ray diffraction, DSC-TGA, and SEM were used to characterize these materials.

Tem Observation Of Precipitate Structures In Al-Zn-Mg Alloys With Additions Of Cu/Ag

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Watanabe K.

2015-06-01

Full Text Available Al-Zn-Mg alloy has been known as one of the aluminum alloys with the good age-hardening ability and the high strength among commercial aluminum alloys. The mechanical property of the limited ductility, however, is required to further improvement. In this work, three alloys, which were added Cu or Ag into the Al-Zn-Mg alloy, were prepared to compare the effect of the additional elements on the aging behavior. The content of Ag and Cu were 0.2at.% and the same as, respectively. Ag or Cu added alloy showed higher maximum hardness than base alloy. The particle shape and rod shape precipitates were observed in all alloys peak-aged at 423K. According to addition of Ag or Cu, the number density of the precipitates increased higher than that of base alloy.

[Response of Nostoc flageliforme cell to Cu2+, Cr2+ and Pb2+ stress].

Science.gov (United States)

Guo, Jinying; Shi, Mingke; Zhao, Yanli; Ren, Guoyan; Yi, Junpeng; Niu, Leilei; Li, Juan

2013-06-04

This study aimed to investigate the effects of Cu2+, Cr2+ and Pb2+ stress on Nostoc flagelliforme cell. The response of Nostoc flagelliforme cell was analyzed under the stress. The modified BG11 culture medium containing different heavy metal ions of 0, 0.1, 1.0, 10, 100 mg/L was used to cultivate Nostoc flagelliforme cell at 25 degrees C and light intensity of 80 micromol/(m x s). Electrolyte leakage, the activities of superoxide dismutase, the content of malondialdehyde, proline, soluble protein and trehalose were analyzed. Under 1 - 100 mg/L Cu2+, Cr2+ and Pb2+ stress, electrolyte leakage and malondialdehyde contents in Nostoc flagelliforme cell were higher than those in the control group during heavy metal ions stress. Meanwhile, superoxide dismutase activity increased slightly under 10 mg/L, but was lower afterwards. The contents of proline, soluble protein and trehalose increased under 10 mg/L heavy metal ions stress, while declined under extreme heavy metal ions stress (100 mg/L). Nostoc flagelliforme cell has resistance to low heavy metal ions stress, but is damaged badly under extreme heavy metal ions stress.

N-acyl-L-homoserine lactone-mediated regulation of the Lip secretion system in Serratia liquefaciens MG1

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Riedel, K.; Ohnesorg, T.; Krogfelt, K.A.

2001-01-01

The analysis of Serratia liquefaciens MG1 'luxAB insertion mutants that are responsive to N-butanoyl-L-homoserine lactone revealed that expression of lipB is controlled by the swr quorum-sensing system. LipB is part of the Lip exporter, a type I secretion system, which is responsible for the secr......The analysis of Serratia liquefaciens MG1 'luxAB insertion mutants that are responsive to N-butanoyl-L-homoserine lactone revealed that expression of lipB is controlled by the swr quorum-sensing system. LipB is part of the Lip exporter, a type I secretion system, which is responsible...

Microstructure and mechanical properties of Al-Cu-Mg-Mn-Zr alloy with trace amounts of Ag

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Liu Xiaoyan; Pan Qinglin; Lu Congge; He Yunbin; Li Wenbin; Liang Wenjie

2009-01-01

The microstructure and mechanical properties of Al-Cu-Mg-(Ag)-Mn-Zr alloys were studied by means of tensile testing, optical microscopy (OM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The results show that small additions of Ag to Al-Cu-Mg-Mn-Zr alloy can accelerate the hardening effect of the aged alloy and reduce the time to peak-aged. The mechanical properties can be improved both at room temperature and at elevated temperatures, which is attributed to the fine and uniform plate-like Ω precipitates. Meanwhile the ductility of the studied alloys remains at relatively high level. The major strengthening phases of the Ag-free alloy are θ' and less S', while that of Al-Cu-Mg-Mn-Zr alloy containing trace amounts of Ag are Ω and less θ'.

Effect of metal ion and ball milling on the electrochemical properties of M0.5TiOPO4 (M = Ni, Cu, Mg)

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Godbole, Vikram A.; Villevieille, Claire; Novák, Petr

2013-01-01

Various metal titanium oxyphosphates, M 0.5 TiOPO 4 (M = Ni, Cu, Mg) were synthesized via modified solution route synthesis. The as synthesized M 0.5 TiOPO 4 (M = Ni, Cu, Mg) were electrochemically tested using galvanostatic cycling, cyclic voltammetry, and rate performance measurements in order to investigate the effect of metal ion (M) on the electrochemical performance of this family of materials. All the studied materials reacted with 3 Li + during the 1st lithiation showing reaction plateaus at different potentials versus Lithium. Similar studies were performed on M 0.5 TiOPO 4 (M = Ni, Cu, Mg) samples with smaller particle size, obtained via ball milling, in order to understand the effect of particle size on the electrochemistry of the materials. The ball milled samples delivered higher specific charge during the 1st cycle showing reaction plateaus at different potentials, poorer capacity retention, and poorer rate capability as compared to the as synthesized ones. This was attributed to a change in morphology and particle size of the samples upon ball milling. Amongst all the tested materials, the as synthesized Cu 0.5 TiOPO 4 showed the best electrochemistry. The ball milled Mg 0.5 TiOPO 4 reacted with ∼5.5 Li + during 1st lithiation (as compared to 3 Li + expected from this family of compounds) and 3.3 Li + during the 1st delithiation (rather than the expected 2 Li + ). This suggests a reaction mechanism where Mg 0.5 TiOPO 4 undergoes a phase transformation forming Mg 0 , which reversibly alloys with 2.5 extra Li + . Thus the electrochemical cycling of Mg 0.5 TiOPO 4 gives insights into the reaction mechanism in this family of materials

Low Cycle Mechanical and Fatigue Properties of AlZnMgCu Alloy

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Pysz S.

2016-03-01

Full Text Available The article presents the analysis of properties of the high-strength AlZnMgCu (abbr AlZn aluminium alloy and estimates possibilities of its application for responsible structures with reduced weight as an alternative to iron alloy castings. The aim of the conducted studies was to develop and select the best heat treatment regime for a 7xx casting alloy based on high-strength materials for plastic working from the 7xxx series. For analysis, wrought AlZnMgCu alloy (7075 was selected. Its potential of the estimated as-cast mechanical properties indicates a broad spectrum of possible applications for automotive parts and in the armaments industry. The resulting tensile and fatigue properties support the thesis adopted, while the design works further confirm these assumptions.

Coincidence Doppler broadening and 3DAP study of the pre-precipitation stage of an Al-Li-Cu-Mg-Ag alloy

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Honma, T.; Yanagita, S.; Hono, K.; Nagai, Y.; Hasegawa, M.

2004-01-01

Pre-precipitation solute clustering in Al-Li-Cu-Mg-Ag and Al-Cu-Mg-Ag alloys has been investigated by coincidence Doppler broadening (CDB) spectroscopy of positron annihilation and three-dimensional atom probe (3DAP) analysis. Although Ag-Mg co-clusters form in the Al-Cu-Mg-Ag alloy in the early stage of aging, no evidence for the co-cluster formation was obtained from the Li containing alloy using 3DAP. While CDB spectra indicated that vacancies are associated with Ag after aging for 15 s in the Al-Cu-Mg-Ag alloy, vacancy-Ag association is suppressed in the Li containing alloy. Based on the 3DAP and CDB results, the reasons for the completely different clustering behaviors observed in these two similar alloys are discussed

The influence of chemical composition on the properties and structure Al-Si-Cu(Mg) alloys

OpenAIRE

M. Kaczorowski; A. Krzyńska

2007-01-01

The mechanical properties of different chemical composition AlSiCuMg type cast alloys after precipitation hardening are presented. The aim of the study was to find out how much the changes in chemistry of aluminum cast alloys permissible by EN-PN standards may influence the mechanical properties of these alloys. Eight AlSi5Cu3(Mg) type cast alloys of different content alloying elements were selected for the study. The specimens cut form test castings were subjected to precipitation hardening ...

Ternary gallides RE_4Rh_9Ga_5, RE_5Rh_1_2Ga_7 and RE_7Rh_1_8Ga_1_1 (RE=Y, La-Nd, Sm, Gd, Tb). Intergrowth structures with MgCu_2 and CaCu_5 related slabs

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Seidel, Stefan; Rodewald, Ute C.; Poettgen, Rainer; Janka, Oliver

2017-01-01

Fourteen ternary gallides RE_4Rh_9Ga_5, RE_5Rh_1_2Ga_7 and RE_7Rh_1_8Ga_1_1 (RE=Y, La-Nd, Sm, Gd, Tb) were synthesized from the elements by arc-melting, followed by different annealing sequences either in muffle or induction furnaces. The samples were characterized through Guinier powder patterns and the crystal structures of Ce_4Rh_9Ga_5, Ce_5Rh_1_2Ga_7, Ce_7Rh_1_8Ga_1_1, Nd_5Rh_1_0_._4_4_(_4_)Ga_8_._5_6_(_4_), Nd_4Rh_9Ga_5 and Gd_4Rh_9Ga_5 were refined from single crystal X-ray diffractometer data. The new gallides are the n=2, 3 and 5 members of the RE_2_+_n Rh_3_+_3_n Ga_1_+_2_n structure series in the Parthe intergrowth concept. The slabs of these intergrowth structures derive from the cubic Laves phase MgCu_2 (Mg_2Ni_3Si as ternary variant) and CaCu_5 (CeCo_3B_2 as ternary variant). Only the Nd_5Rh_1_0_._4_4_(_4_)Ga_8_._5_6_(_4_) crystal shows Rh/Ga mixing within the Laves type slabs. Magnetic susceptibility measurements reveal Pauli paramagnetism for Y_4Rh_9Ga_5 and Curie-Weiss paramagnetism for Gd_4Rh_9Ga_5 and Tb_4Rh_9Ga_5. Low-temperature data show ferromagnetic ordering at T_C=78.1 (Gd_4Rh_9Ga_5) and 55.8 K (Tb_4Rh_9Ga_5).

Porous HKUST-1 derived CuO/Cu2O shell wrapped Cu(OH)2 derived CuO/Cu2O core nanowire arrays for electrochemical nonenzymatic glucose sensors with ultrahigh sensitivity

Science.gov (United States)

Yu, Cuiping; Cui, Jiewu; Wang, Yan; Zheng, Hongmei; Zhang, Jianfang; Shu, Xia; Liu, Jiaqin; Zhang, Yong; Wu, Yucheng

2018-05-01

Self-supported CuO/Cu2O@CuO/Cu2O core-shell nanowire arrays (NWAs) are successfully fabricated by a simple and efficient method in this paper. Anodized Cu(OH)2 NWAs could in-situ convert to HKUST-1 at room temperature easily. Cu(OH)2 NWAs cores and HKUST-1 shells transform into CuO/Cu2O simultaneously after calcinations and form CuO/Cu2O@CuO/Cu2O core-shell NWAs. This smart configuration of the core-shell structure not only avoids the agglomeration of the traditional MOF-derived materials in particle-shape, but also facilitates the ion diffusion and increases the active sites. This novel structure is employed as substrate to construct nonenzymatic glucose sensors. The results indicate that glucose sensor based on CuO/Cu2O@CuO/Cu2O core-shell NWAs presents ultrahigh sensitivity (10,090 μA mM-1 cm-2), low detection limit (0.48 μM) and wide linear range (0.99-1,330 μM). In addition, it also shows excellent anti-interference ability toward uric acid, ascorbic acid and L-Cysteine co-existing with glucose, good reproducibility and superior ability of real sample analysis.

Simulation of Cu-Mg metallic glass: Thermodynamics and structure

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Bailey, Nicholas P.; Schioetz, Jakob; Jacobsen, Karsten W.

2004-01-01

We have obtained effective medium theory interatomic potential parameters suitable for studying Cu-Mg metallic glasses. We present thermodynamic and structural results from simulations of such glasses over a range of compositions. We have produced low-temperature configurations by cooling from the melt at as slow a rate as practical, using constant temperature and pressure molecular dynamics. During the cooling process we have carried out thermodynamic analyses based on the temperature dependence of the enthalpy and its derivative, the specific heat, from which the glass transition temperature may be determined. We have also carried out structural analyses using the radial distribution function (RDF) and common neighbor analysis (CNA). Our analysis suggests that the splitting of the second peak, commonly associated with metallic glasses, in fact, has little to do with the glass transition itself, but is simply a consequence of the narrowing of peaks associated with structural features present in the liquid state. In fact, the splitting temperature for the Cu-Cu RDF is well above T g . The CNA also highlights a strong similarity between the structure of the intermetallic alloys and the amorphous alloys of similar composition. We have also investigated the diffusivity in the supercooled regime. Its temperature dependence indicates fragile-liquid behavior, typical of binary metallic glasses. On the other hand, the relatively low specific-heat jump of around 1.5k B /atom indicates apparent strong-liquid behavior, but this can be explained by the width of the transition due to the high cooling rates

One-step synthesis and applications of fluorescent Cu nanoclusters stabilized by L-cysteine in aqueous solution

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Yang, Xiaoming, E-mail: ming4444@swu.edu.cn; Feng, Yuanjiao; Zhu, Shanshan; Luo, Yawen; Zhuo, Yan; Dou, Yao

2014-10-17

Graphical abstract: An innovative and simple strategy for synthesizing high-fluorescent Cu nanoclusters stabilized with L-cysteine has been successfully established in aqueous solution. Significantly, the Cu nanoclusters were employed for sensitive and selective detections of Hg{sup 2+}, coding and fluorescent staining, suggesting their potential toward various applications. - Highlights: • A novel, one-step strategy for synthesizing water-soluble CuNCs was established. • A simple, selective, and cost-effective assay for Hg{sup 2+} was developed. • CuNCs may broaden ways for fluorescent staining and coding. - Abstract: Herein, an innovative and simple strategy for synthesizing high fluorescent Cu nanoclusters was successfully established while L-cysteine played a role as the stabilizer. Meaningfully, the current Cu nanoclusters together with a quantum yield of 14.3% were prepared in aqueous solution, indicating their extensive applications. Subsequently, the possible fluorescence mechanism was elucidated by fluorescence, UV–vis, HR-TEM, FTIR, XPS, and MS. Additionally, the CuNCs were employed for assaying Hg{sup 2+} on the basis of the interactions between Hg{sup 2+} and L-cysteine; thus facilitating the quenching of their fluorescence. The proposed analytical strategy permitted detections of Hg{sup 2+} in a linear range of 1.0 × 10{sup −7} mol L{sup −1} × 10{sup −3} mol L{sup −1}, with a detection limit of 2.4 × 10{sup −8} mol L{sup −1} at a signal-to-noise ratio of 3. Significantly, this CuNCs described here were further applied for coding and fluorescent staining, suggesting may broaden avenues toward diverse applications.

Microstructure And Mechanical Properties Of An Al-Zn-Mg-Cu Alloy Produced By Gravity Casting Process

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Saikawa S.

2015-06-01

Full Text Available High-strength aluminum alloy are widely used for structural components in aerospace, transportation and racing car applications. The objective of this study is to enhance the strength of the Al-Zn-Mg-Cu alloy used for gravity casting process. All alloys cast into stepped-form sand mold (Sand-mold Casting; SC and Y-block shaped metal mold(Permanent mold Casting; PC C and then two –step aged at 398-423 K after solution treated at 743 K for 36 ks. The tensile strength and total elongation of the two-step aged SC alloys were 353-387 MPa and about 0.4% respectively. This low tensile properties of the SC alloys might be caused by remaining of undissolved crystallized phase such as Al2CuM, MgZn2 and Al-Fe-Cu system compounds. However, good tensile properties were obtained from PC alloys, tensile strength and 0.2% proof stress and elongation were 503-537 MPa, 474-519 MPa and 1.3-3.3%.

Determination of kinetic parameters in Tl dosemeters of LiF: Mg, Cu, P + PTFE developed in the ININ

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Basurto G, B.S.

2002-01-01

The objective of this work, is the one of determining the kinetic parameters of the dosemeter of LiF: Mg, Cu, P + Ptfe; starting from the curves Tl obtained at being irradiated with alpha radiation (α), beta (β) and gamma (γ). As like to compare its sensitivity with each radiation type, considering the sensitivity of the TLD-100 as the unit. In the Chapter 1, the fundamental structure of the matter is described, making emphasis in the different radiation types, and their interaction with this. In the Chapter 2, the units are described but used in the dosimetry of the radiation. In the Chapter 3, the basic concepts of the phenomenon of Tl are described and those are explained characteristic of the deconvolution method to determine the kinetics of the one phenomenon. In the Chapter 4, the methodology is detailed that was used in the elaboration of this thesis work, describing the material Tl that were considered like reference, as well as the sources of ionizing radiation, with those that the dosemeters were irradiated and the equipment in the one that the curves Tl was obtained. Reference is made to the software used to carry out the deconvolution of the curves Tl that were obtained in the one experimental development. In the Chapter 5, the obtained results of this study are presented, showing the tables of homogenization of dosemeters and the reading of the same one; they are observed the curves Tl obtained to different radiation doses (alpha, beta and gamma), the intensity Tl in function of the dose. Also they are tabulated, the obtained results in the kinetic parameters of the three different study materials (TLD-100H, USA; TLD-100, USA and LiF: Mg, Cu, P + Ptfe developed in the l.N.l.N). They are analyzed shortly for each material Tl their sensitivity to the ionizing radiation as well as their kinetic parameters. The obtained results showed that the Tl dosemeters of LiF: Mg,Cu,P + Ptfe, they presented a bigger sensitivity that the TLD-100 when being

Effect of the third element on the structure of liquid Mg{sub 65}Cu{sub 25}Y{sub 10} alloy

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Liu, Dan [Key Laboratory for Liquid–Solid Structural Evolution and Processing of Materials (Ministry of Education), Shandong University, Jinan 250061 (China); Weihai Wanfeng Magnesium Industry Science and Technology Development Co. Ltd., Weihai 264209 (China); Zhu, Xun Ming [Weihai Wanfeng Magnesium Industry Science and Technology Development Co. Ltd., Weihai 264209 (China); Qin, Jing Yu, E-mail: qinjy@sdu.edu.cn [Key Laboratory for Liquid–Solid Structural Evolution and Processing of Materials (Ministry of Education), Shandong University, Jinan 250061 (China); Duan, Jun Peng; Wang, Ai Min [Weihai Wanfeng Magnesium Industry Science and Technology Development Co. Ltd., Weihai 264209 (China); Gu, Ting Kun [School of Electrical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250061 (China)

2016-08-12

The liquid structures of Mg{sub 65}Cu{sub 25}Y{sub 10} and its three homologous binary liquid alloys are investigated via ab initio molecular dynamics in the present work. The chemical and topological environments in all four liquid alloys are analyzed using pair distribution function, coordination number, and the Voronoi polyhedron. It shows that the Cu atoms play significant role in deciding the chemical and topological short-range orders of the Mg{sub 65}Cu{sub 25}Y{sub 10} liquid alloy. The Voronoi polyhedra in the ternary liquid alloy illustrate less varieties and longer lifetime. Moreover, the diffusion coefficients are decreased significantly in the ternary liquid alloys according to the mean square displacements. All above offer a deeper insight into how the three species work in the Mg{sub 65}Cu{sub 25}Y{sub 10} liquid alloy. - Highlights: • Cu plays crucial role in Mg{sub 65}Cu{sub 25}Y{sub 10}'s chemical and topological SROs. • Additive elements decrease varieties and prolong lifetimes of Voronoi polyhedra. • Additive elements hinder the diffusion of Mg and Y efficiently.

Effects of Cu and Ag additions on age-hardening behavior during multi-step aging in Al--Mg--Si alloys

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Kim, JaeHwang; Daniel Marioara, Calin; Holmestad, Randi; Kobayashi, Equo; Sato, Tatsuo

2013-01-01

Low Cu and Ag additions (≤0.10 at%) were found to strongly affect the age-hardening behavior in Al--Mg--Si alloys with Mg+Si>1.5 at%. The hardness increased during aging at 170 °C and the formation of β ″ precipitates was kinetically accelerated. The activation energy of the formation of the β ″ phase was calculated to 127, 105, 108 and 99 KJmol −1 in the base, Cu-added, Ag-added and Cu--Ag-added alloys, respectively using the Kissinger method. The negative effect of two-step aging caused by the formation of Cluster (1) during natural aging was not overcome by the addition of microalloying elements. However, it was suppressed by the formation of Cluster (2) through a pre-aging at 100 °C. Quantitative analysis of the precipitate microstructure was performed using a transmission electron microscope equipped with a parallel electron energy loss spectrometer for the determination of specimen thickness. The formation of Cluster (2) was found to increase the number density of β ″ precipitates, whereas the formation of Cluster (1) decreased the number density and increased the needle length. The effects of low Cu and Ag additions in combination with multi-step aging are discussed based on microstructure observations and hardness and resistivity measurements.

Fabrication and heat treatment of high strength Al-Cu-Mg alloy processed using selective laser melting

Science.gov (United States)

Zhang, Hu; Zhu, Haihong; Nie, Xiaojia; Qi, Ting; Hu, Zhiheng; Zeng, Xiaoyan

2016-04-01

The proposed paper illustrates the fabrication and heat treatment of high strength Al-Cu-Mg alloy produced by selective laser melting (SLM) process. Al-Cu-Mg alloy is one of the heat treatable aluminum alloys regarded as difficult to fusion weld. SLM is an additive manufacturing technique through which components are built by selectively melting powder layers with a focused laser beam. The process is characterized by short laser-powder interaction times and localized high heat input, which leads to steep thermal gradients, rapid solidification and fast cooling. In this research, 3D Al-Cu-Mg parts with relative high density of 99.8% are produced by SLM from gas atomized powders. Room temperature tensile tests reveal a remarkable mechanical behavior: the samples show yield and tensile strengths of about 276 MPa and 402 MPa, respectively, along with fracture strain of 6%. The effect of solution treatment on microstructure and related tensile properties is examined and the results demonstrate that the mechanical behavior of the SLMed Al-Cu-Mg samples can be greatly enhanced through proper heat treatment. After T4 solution treatment at 540°C, under the effect of precipitation strengthening, the tensile strength and the yield strength increase to 532 MPa and 338 MPa, respectively, and the elongation increases to 13%.

Influence of sulfur-bearing polyatomic species on high precision measurements of Cu isotopic composition

Science.gov (United States)

Pribil, M.J.; Wanty, R.B.; Ridley, W.I.; Borrok, D.M.

2010-01-01

An increased interest in high precision Cu isotope ratio measurements using multi-collector inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (MC-ICP-MS) has developed recently for various natural geologic systems and environmental applications, these typically contain high concentrations of sulfur, particularly in the form of sulfate (SO42-) and sulfide (S). For example, Cu, Fe, and Zn concentrations in acid mine drainage (AMD) can range from 100??g/L to greater than 50mg/L with sulfur species concentrations reaching greater than 1000mg/L. Routine separation of Cu, Fe and Zn from AMD, Cu-sulfide minerals and other geological matrices usually incorporates single anion exchange resin column chromatography for metal separation. During chromatographic separation, variable breakthrough of SO42- during anion exchange resin column chromatography into the Cu fractions was observed as a function of the initial sulfur to Cu ratio, column properties, and the sample matrix. SO42- present in the Cu fraction can form a polyatomic 32S-14N-16O-1H species causing a direct mass interference with 63Cu and producing artificially light ??65Cu values. Here we report the extent of the mass interference caused by SO42- breakthrough when measuring ??65Cu on natural samples and NIST SRM 976 Cu isotope spiked with SO42- after both single anion column chromatography and double anion column chromatography. A set of five 100??g/L Cu SRM 976 samples spiked with 500mg/L SO42- resulted in an average ??65Cu of -3.50?????5.42??? following single anion column separation with variable SO42- breakthrough but an average concentration of 770??g/L. Following double anion column separation, the average SO42-concentration of 13??g/L resulted in better precision and accuracy for the measured ??65Cu value of 0.01?????0.02??? relative to the expected 0??? for SRM 976. We conclude that attention to SO42- breakthrough on sulfur-rich samples is necessary for accurate and precise measurements of ??65Cu and may require

Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Al-10Zn-4.5Mg-xCu Turbine Impeller Produced by Investment Casting

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Muhammad Syahid

2017-03-01

Full Text Available Aluminium alloy can be applied for a turbine impeller of Organic Rankine Cycle power plant that operates at temperatures below 150 oC. Aluminum turbine impeller can enhance efficiency of turbine due to light weight material. Al alloys was used for impeller due to good mechanical properties. Turbine impeller commonly produced by machining but which is time-consuming and less efficient because of material removal. . It can be replace by Investment casting to produce impeller turbine due to their complex geometry and precision. This study identifies effect Cu content of Al-9Zn-4Mg-xCu on the microstructure and mechanical properties of turbine impeller produce by investment casting. The study also identifies casting defect of turbine impeller. The structures consisted of α-Al, MgZn2, CuMgAl2 and CuAl2. Higher Cu content is the higher hardness value due to CuAl2 phase. Visual examination showed that the turbine impeller was free of macro defects and misruns

Assessment of the Phytotoxicity of Metal Oxide Nanoparticles on Two Crop Plants, Maize (Zea mays L.) and Rice (Oryza sativa L.).

Science.gov (United States)

Yang, Zhongzhou; Chen, Jing; Dou, Runzhi; Gao, Xiang; Mao, Chuanbin; Wang, Li

2015-11-30

In this study, the phytotoxicity of seven metal oxide nanoparticles(NPs)-titanium dioxide (nTiO₂), silicon dioxide (nSiO₂), cerium dioxide (nCeO₂), magnetite (nFe₃O₄), aluminum oxide (nAl₂O₃), zinc oxide (nZnO) and copper oxide (nCuO)-was assessed on two agriculturally significant crop plants (maize and rice). The results showed that seed germination was not affected by any of the seven metal oxide NPs. However, at the concentration of 2000 mg·L(-1), the root elongation was significantly inhibited by nCuO (95.73% for maize and 97.28% for rice), nZnO (50.45% for maize and 66.75% for rice). On the contrary, minor phytotoxicity of nAl₂O₃ was only observed in maize, and no obvious toxic effects were found in the other four metal oxide NPs. By further study we found that the phytotoxic effects of nZnO, nAl₂O₃ and nCuO (25 to 2000 mg·L(-)¹) were concentration dependent, and were not caused by the corresponding Cu(2+), Zn(2+) and Al(3+) ions (0.11 mg·L(-)¹, 1.27 mg·L(-)¹ and 0.74 mg·L(-)¹, respectively). Furthermore, ZnO NPs (<50 nm) showed greater toxicity than ZnO microparticles(MPs)(<5 μm) to root elongation of both maize and rice. Overall, this study provided valuable information for the application of engineered NPs in agriculture and the assessment of the potential environmental risks.

Microstructure-property relationships in Al-Cu-Li-Ag-Mg Weldalite (tm) alloys, part 2

Science.gov (United States)

Langan, T. J.; Pickens, J. R.

1991-01-01

The microstructure and mechanical properties of the ultrahigh strength Al-Cu-Li-Ag-Mg alloy, Weldalite (tm) 049, were studied. Specifically, the microstructural features along with tensile strength, weldability, Young's modulus and fracture toughness were studied for Weldalite (tm) 049 type alloys with Li contents ranging from 1.3 to 1.9 wt. pct. The tensile properties of Weldalite 049 and Weldalite 049 reinforced with TiB2 particles fabricated using the XD (tm) process were also evaluated at cryogenic, room, and elevated temperatures. In addition, an experimental alloy, similar in composition to Weldalite 049 but without the Ag+Mg, was fabricated. The microstructure of this alloy was compared with that of Weldalite 049 in the T6 condition to assess the effect of Ag+Mg on nucleation of strengthening phases in the absence of cold work.

Biomass reduction of Salvinia molesta exposed to copper sulfate pentahydrate (CuSO4.5H2O

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

João Pedro Alves de Azevedo Barros

2015-07-01

Full Text Available Copper in the aquatic ecosystem may remain adsorbed or be incorporated into the biomass and undergo biomagnification causing unwanted effects to aquatic macrophyte communities. This study evaluated the biomass reduction of Salvinia molesta (Mitchell exposed to copper sulphate pentahydrate (CuSO4.5H2O under laboratory conditions. Approximately 20.5 g of fresh mass (FM of S. molesta (0.74 g dry matter, DM were placed in glass tanks with different concentrations (n = 3 of CuSO4.5H2O as follows: 0.0; 2.0; 4.0; 6.0; and 8.0 mg L-1 for 28 days. The dry mass was determined after each seven-day interval over 28 days and submitted to repeated ANOVA measures, followed by a Tukey test (P<0,05. The results show that macrophyte increased until the seventh day of exposure in all treatments. After this period, the biomass of S. molesta decreased; but there was no significant difference between treatments with copper, except for the 8.0 mg L-1 treatment. The copper treatments decreased the S. molesta biomass an average of 43.2% (0.50 g DM after 28 days. At the end of the experiment, copper absorption in the treatments with 6.0 and 8.0 mg L-1 was on average 77.9% higher than in the treatments with 2 and 4 mg L-1 . The treatments with 6.0 and 8.0 mg L-1 reached their maximum bioaccumulation capacity after 14 days. The results show that contamination of the aquatic environment at concentrations above 2 mg L-1 Cu2+ can reduce the S. molesta biomass by approximately 43%.

The influence of chemical composition on the properties and structure Al-Si-Cu(Mg alloys

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

M. Kaczorowski

2007-04-01

Full Text Available The mechanical properties of different chemical composition AlSiCuMg type cast alloys after precipitation hardening are presented. The aim of the study was to find out how much the changes in chemistry of aluminum cast alloys permissible by EN-PN standards may influence the mechanical properties of these alloys. Eight AlSi5Cu3(Mg type cast alloys of different content alloying elements were selected for the study. The specimens cut form test castings were subjected to precipitation hardening heat treatment. The age hardened specimens were evaluated using tensile test, hardness measurements and impact test. Moreover, the structure investigation were carried out using either conventional light Metallography and scanning (SEM and transmission (TEM electron microscopy. The two last methods were used for fractography observations and precipitation process observations respectively. It was concluded that the changes in chemical composition which can reach even 2,5wt.% cause essential differences of the structure and mechanical properties of the alloys. As followed from quantitative evaluation and as could be predicted theoretically, copper and silicon mostly influenced the mechanical properties of AlSi5Cu3(Mg type cast alloys. Moreover it was showed that the total concentration of alloying elements accelerated and intensifies the process of decomposition of supersaturated solid solution. The increase of Cu and Mg concentration increased the density of precipitates. It increases of strength properties of the alloys which are accompanied with decreasing in ductility.

Effects of solution heat treatment on the microstructure and hardness of Mg-5Li-3Al-2Zn-2Cu alloy

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Li Jiqing; An Jiangmin; Qu Zhikun [Key Laboratory of Superlight Materials and Surface Technology (Harbin Engineering University), Ministry of Education, Harbin 150001 (China); Wu Ruizhi, E-mail: Ruizhiwu2006@yahoo.com [Key Laboratory of Superlight Materials and Surface Technology (Harbin Engineering University), Ministry of Education, Harbin 150001 (China); Zhang Jinghuai; Zhang Milin [Key Laboratory of Superlight Materials and Surface Technology (Harbin Engineering University), Ministry of Education, Harbin 150001 (China)

2010-10-15

The microstructure and hardness of Mg-5Li-3Al-2Zn-2Cu alloy were investigated both in the as-cast condition and after solution heat treatment at 330-390 deg. C for 5 h. The as-cast alloy contains a microstructure consisting of {alpha}-Mg matrix, AlLi phase, AlCuMg phase and Al{sub 2}Cu phase. After the solution heat treament, the AlLi phase was dissolved into the matrix, however, the AlCuMg and Al{sub 2}Cu phases were not dissolved. With the increase of solution temperature, almost all the AlLi phase was dissolved, and the effects of solution strengthening of Al and Li atoms in the alloy increase, which results in the gradual increase of the Brinell hardness of the solution-treated alloy.

En route to the conductivity bottleneck in p-type CuCr1-xMxO2-ySy (M = Li, Mg)

Science.gov (United States)

Mandal, P.; Mazumder, N.; Akhtar, A. J.; Roy, R.; Chattopadhyay, K. K.

2017-05-01

We extend our material design concept [P. Mandal et al. J. Phys. D: Appl. Phys. 49, 275109, (2016); N. Mazumder et al. J. Phys. Chem. Lett. 4, 3539, (2013)] further aiming to overcome the conductivity bottleneck (1 Scm-1) in p-type transparent conducting oxide (TCO). In this work, we execute the strategy of simultaneous cationic-anionic hole doping in the prototype p-TCO CuCrO2. CuCr1-xMxO2-ySy (M = Li, Mg) is prepared by solid state heating at 1150 °C. Using Rietveld analysis, the presence of Mgcr•, Licr • and SO×areconfirmed and quantified. The diffuse reflectance (DR) spectra are acquired to determine the dominant optical gap (˜ 3.5 eV) and found to be affected little upon site selective hole doping. From temperature dependence (80 - 300 K) of DC conductivity (σdc), (Licr •+SO×)dopingcan be identified to be the more plausible alternative to reach the bottleneck threshold compared to (Mgcr •+SO×) albeit of smaller σdc at 300 K.

Origin of the modified orientation relationship for S(S'')-phase in Al-Mg-Cu alloys

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Kovarik, L.; Miller, M.K.; Court, S.A.; Mills, M.J.

2006-01-01

The formation of S-phase with a modified orientation relationship (OR) has been previously observed in several Al-Cu-Mg alloys. In this paper, high-resolution transmission electron microscopy and Z-contrast imaging have been used to study the origin of the modified OR in an alloy with low Cu/Mg ratio and small Si addition. Based on the observations, and supported by ab initio simulations, the formation is governed by coherency at the (0 2 1) S //(0 1 4) Al S-phase/matrix interface, which is shown to coexist with the more commonly reported (0 0 1) S //(0 2 1) Al interface. This new (0 2 1) S //(0 1 4) Al S-phase/matrix interface explanation is compared with previously published explanations based on the invariant line concept and establishment of a different S-phase/matrix interface. Energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy and atom probe tomography indicate that the S-phase is slightly enriched in Si. The role of Si as well as the overall alloy composition is discussed. Because of the similarities between our results and the early work of Bagaryatsky, the S''-phase notation is adopted for this early-forming, strained version of the S-phase

Magnetic structure of MgCu₂O₃ and doping-induced spin reorientation in Mg_1-x/2Li_xCu_2-x/2O₃

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Winkelmann, M.; Graf, H.A.; Andersen, N.H.

1994-01-01

The magnetic properties of undoped and Li-doped MgCu2O3 single crystals have been studied by magnetic-susceptibility and neutron-diffraction measurements. The pure compound is a semiconductor with an antiferromagnetic ground state (T(N) = 95 K). Above T(N), short-range magnetic correlations within...... the Cu-O chains of the MgCu2O3 structure give rise to a predominantly one-dimensional (1D) magnetic behavior. This is revealed by the quantitative interpretation of the susceptibility measurements. Below T(N), the 3D magnetic structure, derived from neutron-diffraction experiments, can be described...... is similar to the one producing an infinitely degenerate state in antiferromagnetic fcc lattices. Doping experiments with Li clearly demonstrate the importance of spin fluctuations and fluctuations of the local exchange fields for lifting the degeneracy in such a system. A remarkably small amount of Li...

One-step synthesis and applications of fluorescent Cu nanoclusters stabilized by L-cysteine in aqueous solution.

Science.gov (United States)

Yang, Xiaoming; Feng, Yuanjiao; Zhu, Shanshan; Luo, Yawen; Zhuo, Yan; Dou, Yao

2014-10-17

Herein, an innovative and simple strategy for synthesizing high fluorescent Cu nanoclusters was successfully established while L-cysteine played a role as the stabilizer. Meaningfully, the current Cu nanoclusters together with a quantum yield of 14.3% were prepared in aqueous solution, indicating their extensive applications. Subsequently, the possible fluorescence mechanism was elucidated by fluorescence, UV-vis, HR-TEM, FTIR, XPS, and MS. Additionally, the CuNCs were employed for assaying Hg(2+) on the basis of the interactions between Hg(2+) and L-cysteine; thus facilitating the quenching of their fluorescence. The proposed analytical strategy permitted detections of Hg(2+) in a linear range of 1.0×10(-7) mol L(-1)×10(-3) mol L(-1), with a detection limit of 2.4×10(-8) mol L(-1) at a signal-to-noise ratio of 3. Significantly, this CuNCs described here were further applied for coding and fluorescent staining, suggesting may broaden avenues toward diverse applications. Copyright © 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

First-principles study on the elastic properties of B′ and Q phase in Al-Mg-Si (-Cu) alloys

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Pan, Rong-Kai; Ma Li; Bian Nan; Wang Minghui; Li Pengbo; Tang Biyu; Peng Liming; Ding Wenjiang

2013-01-01

First-principles calculations within the density functional theory have been carried out to study the structural, elastic and electronic properties of B′ and Q phases in Al-Mg-Si (-Cu) alloys. The obtained lattice constant a is reduced while c is increased with the addition of Cu into B′ phase Al 3 Mg 9 Si 7 . The lower formation enthalpy of Q phase Al 3 Cu 2 Mg 9 Si 7 shows that the structural stability is improved after the addition of Cu into the B′ phase. The calculated elastic constants C ij with the exception of C 13 for Q phase are larger than for B′ phase. In addition, the derived bulk, shear, Young's modulus and Debye temperature except Poisson's ratio are also significantly increased with Cu addition, indicating that Q phase has a favorable improvement of hardness. The elastic anisotropies of the two phases are discussed in detail using several criteria, showing that the anisotropy degree of B′ phase is larger than of Q phase. The electronic structures show that the two phases possess a mixed bonding character of covalent and ionic, and Cu-Si bonding is beneficial in stabilizing the Q phase due to the hybridization of Cu 3d and Si 3p orbits.

Proton/gamma relative thermoluminescence efficiencies of LiF:Mg,Cu,P+PTFE prepared at ININ and TLD-100H

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Avila, O.; Gonzalez, P.; Murillo, G.

2009-10-01

Properties of LiF:Mg,Cu,P+PTFE dosemeters developed at ININ have been investigated in order to evaluate their performance compared to those of equivalent commercial dosemeters. In this work both LiF:Mg,Cu,P+PTFE and TLD-100H pellets were exposed to low fluence 3 MeV protons and to low dose gamma radiation to evaluate experimental proton/gamma efficiencies. Gamma irradiation was performed using the Vic krad irradiator at ININ at varying doses between 25 and 500 mGy. For proton irradiation the Tandem Van de Graaff accelerator at ININ was used. Dosemeters were placed on a holder inside a scattering chamber where protons impinge on a gold target and scatter in all directions. The holder allows for several angular positions so that dosemeters receive proton fluence between 10 6 and 10 1 0 p/cm 2 . Experimental efficiency values found for LiF:Mg,Cu,P+PTFE and TLD-100H were 0.18 +- 03 and 0.23 +- 0.03, respectively. These results allow to confirm the reliability of the dosemeters developed at ININ. (Author)

Stress/strain characteristics of Cu alloy sheath in situ processed MgB2 superconducting wires

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Katagiri, Kazumune; Kasaba, Koichi; Shoji, Yoshitaka

2005-01-01

The mechanical properties of copper and copper alloy (Cu-Zr, Cu-Be and Cu-Cr) sheath in situ PIT-processed MgB 2 superconducting wires were studied at room temperature (RT) and 4.2 K. The effects of stress-strain on the critical current (I c ) of the wires have also been studied at 4.2 K and in magnetic fields up to 5 T. It has been clarified that alloying the Cu sheath significantly increases the yield and flow stresses of the wires at both RT and 4.2 K. The 0.5% flow stresses of the Cu alloy sheath wire were 147-237 MPa, whereas that of Cu was 55 MPa. At RT, serration corresponding to multiple cracking was observed around a strain of 0.4% and the stress-strain curves saturated beyond that point. The strain dependence of I c prior to the critical strain (ε irr ) was different depending on the magnetic field; being almost constant at 2 T and increasing with strain at 5 T. The I c decreased beyond ε irr , which is much larger for Cu alloy sheath wires as compared to Cu sheath wire. This is due to the difference in the residual compressive strain in the MgB 2 core during cooling from the heat-treatment temperature to 4.2 K, which is determined through relaxation by yielding in the sheath materials. The transverse compression tests revealed that the I c of the Cu alloy sheath wire did not degrade up to 314 MPa, which is also higher than that of Cu sheath wire. (author)

Preparation of thermoluminescent dosimeters of LiF: Mg, Cu, P + Ptfe for environmental radiological monitoring and radiodiagnosis; Preparacion de dosimetros termoluminiscentes de LiF: Mg, Cu, P + PTFE para monitoreo radiologico ambiental y radiodiagnostico

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Ramirez L, A

1997-12-31

The necessity of finding a thermoluminescent material for measuring gamma and X radiation in applications like environmental monitoring, personnel dosimetry and biomedical sciences (radiotherapy and radiodiagnosis), but with special characteristics such as low umbral detection, independence of the energy of radiation and equivalency with the tissue. This made us think in lithium fluoride activated with magnesium, copper and phosphorous (LiF: Mg, Cu, P). In this thesis I developed this material chips like shape embedded in polytetrafluoroethylene (LiF: Mg, Cu, P+Ptfe). The chapter 1 and 2 talk about the atom is conformed and the interaction of the radiation with the matter. The requirements of Tl material, types of dosimetry system, biological effects and units of measurements are discussed in chapter 3 as well as the recommended limits of the International Commission on Radiological Protection ICRP. Chapter 4 shows aspects of the thermoluminescence phenomenon and describes, at the same time, the determination of the most important thermoluminescent parameters (kinetic order, energy or trap depth and the frequency factor). Chapter 5 describes the major characteristics and properties of Tl materials and its requirements for dosimetric use. Chapter 6 deals with the preparations of LiF: Mg, Cu, P+Ptfe chips and some tests for improving its sensitivity, describes the dosimetric tests and requirements proposed by American National Standard Institute ANSI-N545 Like: umbral of detection, homogeneity, fading, repeatability, linearity, effects of UV and fluorescent light etc. Finally in chapter 7 I do a report about analysis of results, conclusions and some recommendations. (Author).

Influence of compositions on thermal stability and thermodynamic parameter in Ca-Mg-Cu bulk metallic glasses

Science.gov (United States)

Deshmukh, A. A.; Khond, A. A.; Palikundwar, U. A.

2018-05-01

In the present manuscript, influence of compositions on thermal stability (ΔTx) and thermodynamic parameter PHSS of Ca-Mg-Cu bulk metallic glasses (BMGs) is evaluated. The statistical approach of regression analysis is adopted to investigate the compositional variation with ΔTx and PHSS. It is found that calcium (Ca) and copper (Cu) content has goodlinear relationship with ΔTx and PHSS. It is observed that with increase in Ca content, ΔTx and PHSS decreases. On the other hand, increase in Cu content, both ΔTx and PHSS increases. Correlation fit of magnesium (Mg) content with both ΔTx and PHSS is very poor. A graph is also plotted to understand the relationship between ΔTx and PHSS. Result of the relationship between ΔTx and PHSS reveals that the alloy composition having more negative value of PHSS will have more stability. Therefore, compositions with more negative value of PHSS will lead to ease of BMGs formation in Ca-Mg-Cu alloy system and hence more stable it will be. It is expected that these results will be supportive in identifying the compositions having these elements for making BMGs.

Dielectric relaxation behavior and impedance studies of Cu2+ ion doped Mg - Zn spinel nanoferrites

Science.gov (United States)

Choudhary, Pankaj; Varshney, Dinesh

2018-03-01

Cu2+ substituted Mg - Zn nanoferrites is synthesized by low temperature fired sol gel auto combustion method. The spinel nature of nanoferrites was confirmed by lab x-ray technique. Williamson - Hall (W-H) analysis estimate the average crystallite size (22.25-29.19 ± 3 nm) and micro strain induced Mg0.5Zn0.5-xCuxFe2O4 (0.0 ≤ x ≤ 0.5). Raman scattering measurements confirm presence of four active phonon modes. Red shift is observed with enhanced Cu concentration. Dielectric parameters exhibit a non - monotonous dispersion with Cu concentration and interpreted with the support of hopping mechanism and Maxwell-Wagner type of interfacial polarization. The ac conductivity of nanoferrites increases with raising the frequency. Complex electrical modulus reveals a non - Debye type of dielectric relaxation present in nanoferrites. Reactive impedance (Z″) detected an anomalous behavior and is related with resonance effect. Complex impedance demonstrates one semicircle corresponding to the intergrain (grain boundary) resistance and also explains conducting nature of nanoferrites. For x = 0.2, a large semicircle is observed revealing the ohmic nature (minimum potential drop at electrode surface). Dielectric properties were improved for nanoferrites with x = 0.2 and is due to high dielectric constant, conductivity and minimum loss value (∼0.009) at 1 MHz.

Assessment of retrogression and re-aging treatment on microstructural and mechanical properties of Al-Zn-Mg-Cu P/M alloy

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Naeem, Haider T. [School of Materials Engineering, Universiti Malaysia Perlis, Taman Muhibbah, 02600 Jejawi, Perlis (Malaysia); College of Engineering, Al-Muthanna University, South Baghdad (Iraq); Mohammad, Kahtan S.; Hussin, Kamarudin; Tan, T. Qing; Idris, M. Sobri [School of Materials Engineering, Universiti Malaysia Perlis, Taman Muhibbah, 02600 Jejawi, Perlis (Malaysia)

2015-05-15

In order to understand the importance of the retrogression and re-aging as a heat treatment for improving microstructural and mechanical properties of the Al-Zn-Mg-Cu powder metallurgy alloys, Al-Zn-Mg-Cu-Fe-Cr alloys were fabricated from the elemental powders. Green compacts are compressed under compaction pressure about 370 MPa. The sintering process carried out for the samples of aluminum alloys at temperature was 650°C under argon atmosphere for two hours. The sintered compacts were subjected into homogenizing condition at 470°C for 1.5 hours and then aged at 120°C for 24 hours (T6 temper) after that it carried out the retrogressed at 180°C for 30 min., and then re-aged at 120°C for 24 hours (RRA). Observations microstructures were examined using optical, scanning electron microscopy coupled with energy dispersive spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction. Density and porosity content was conducted for the samples of alloys. The result showing that the highest Vickers hardness exhibited for an Al-Zn-Mg-Cu alloy after underwent the retrogression and reaging treatment. Increasing in hardness was because of the precipitation hardening through precipitate the (Mg Zn) and (Mg{sub 2}Zn{sub 11}) phases during matrix of aluminum-alloy.

Assessment of retrogression and re-aging treatment on microstructural and mechanical properties of Al-Zn-Mg-Cu P/M alloy

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Naeem, Haider T.; Mohammad, Kahtan S.; Hussin, Kamarudin; Tan, T. Qing; Idris, M. Sobri

2015-01-01

In order to understand the importance of the retrogression and re-aging as a heat treatment for improving microstructural and mechanical properties of the Al-Zn-Mg-Cu powder metallurgy alloys, Al-Zn-Mg-Cu-Fe-Cr alloys were fabricated from the elemental powders. Green compacts are compressed under compaction pressure about 370 MPa. The sintering process carried out for the samples of aluminum alloys at temperature was 650°C under argon atmosphere for two hours. The sintered compacts were subjected into homogenizing condition at 470°C for 1.5 hours and then aged at 120°C for 24 hours (T6 temper) after that it carried out the retrogressed at 180°C for 30 min., and then re-aged at 120°C for 24 hours (RRA). Observations microstructures were examined using optical, scanning electron microscopy coupled with energy dispersive spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction. Density and porosity content was conducted for the samples of alloys. The result showing that the highest Vickers hardness exhibited for an Al-Zn-Mg-Cu alloy after underwent the retrogression and reaging treatment. Increasing in hardness was because of the precipitation hardening through precipitate the (Mg Zn) and (Mg 2 Zn 11 ) phases during matrix of aluminum-alloy

Investigation of dosimetric characteristics of the high sensitivity LiF:Mg,Cu,P Thermoluminescent Dosemeter and its applications in diagnostic radiology - a review

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Fung, K.L.

2004-01-01

This study investigated the dosimetric properties of the high sensitivity TLD (Thermoluminescent Dosemeter) of LiF:Mg,Cu,P and its applications in diagnostic radiology. A reproducible readout and annealing regime for this high sensitivity TLD was developed in the initial part of this study with the newly installed automatic TLD Reader system. Basic dosimetric characteristics of this T.L. dosemeter were then investigated. This paved the foundation for subsequent selected novel application studies in diagnostic radiology. This study exploits the favourable dosimetric properties of these T.L. dosemeters in some selected novel dosimetric applications in diagnostic radiology with an anthropomorphic phantom. The applications studied in radiological procedures included: dose reduction in lumbar spine radiography utilizing the 'anode heel effect'; gonad dose variation with kV p in chest radiography; foetal dose comparison between computed tomography (CT) and computed radiography (CR) in X-ray pelvimetry; lens dose reduction with bismuth eye-shields in CT brain studies; foetal dose assessment of early pregnancy in common high risk radiological examinations. It is anticipated that the unique and favourable dosimetric performance of LiF:Mg,Cu,P T.L. phosphor will be exploited further in measurements of low level dose received by patients and staff in diagnostic radiological procedures such as paediatric X-ray examinations

Investigation of dosimetric characteristics of the high sensitivity LiF:Mg,Cu,P Thermoluminescent Dosemeter and its applications in diagnostic radiology - a review

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Fung, K.L. E-mail: orkarl@polyu.edu.hk

2004-05-01

This study investigated the dosimetric properties of the high sensitivity TLD (Thermoluminescent Dosemeter) of LiF:Mg,Cu,P and its applications in diagnostic radiology. A reproducible readout and annealing regime for this high sensitivity TLD was developed in the initial part of this study with the newly installed automatic TLD Reader system. Basic dosimetric characteristics of this T.L. dosemeter were then investigated. This paved the foundation for subsequent selected novel application studies in diagnostic radiology. This study exploits the favourable dosimetric properties of these T.L. dosemeters in some selected novel dosimetric applications in diagnostic radiology with an anthropomorphic phantom. The applications studied in radiological procedures included: dose reduction in lumbar spine radiography utilizing the 'anode heel effect'; gonad dose variation with kV{sub p} in chest radiography; foetal dose comparison between computed tomography (CT) and computed radiography (CR) in X-ray pelvimetry; lens dose reduction with bismuth eye-shields in CT brain studies; foetal dose assessment of early pregnancy in common high risk radiological examinations. It is anticipated that the unique and favourable dosimetric performance of LiF:Mg,Cu,P T.L. phosphor will be exploited further in measurements of low level dose received by patients and staff in diagnostic radiological procedures such as paediatric X-ray examinations.

First-principles investigation of the structure and synergistic chemical bonding of Ag and Mg at the Al | Ω interface in a Al-Cu-Mg-Ag alloy

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Sun Lipeng; Irving, Douglas L.; Zikry, Mohammed A.; Brenner, D.W.

2009-01-01

Density functional theory was used to characterize the atomic structure and bonding of the Al | Ω interface in a Al-Cu-Mg-Ag alloy. The most stable interfacial structure was found to be connected by Al-Al bonds with a hexagonal Al lattice on the surface of the Ω phase sitting on the vacant hollow sites of the Al {1 1 1} matrix plane. The calculations predict that when substituted separately for Al at this interface, Ag and Mg do not enhance the interface stability through chemical bonding. Combining Ag and Mg, however, was found to chemically stabilize this interface, with the lowest-energy structure examined being a bi-layer with Ag atoms adjacent to the Al matrix and Mg adjacent to the Ω phase. This study provides an atomic arrangement for the interfacial bi-layer observed experimentally in this alloy.

Nitrate removal by Fe0/Pd/Cu nano-composite in groundwater.

Science.gov (United States)

Liu, Hongyuan; Guo, Min; Zhang, Yan

2014-01-01

Nitrate pollution in groundwater shows a great threat to the safety of drinking water. Chemical reduction by zero-valent iron is being considered as a promising technique for nitrate removal from contaminated groundwater. In this paper, Fe0/Pd/Cu nano-composites were prepared by the liquid-phase reduction method, and batch experiments of nitrate reduction by the prepared Fe0/Pd/Cu nano-composites under various operating conditions were carried out. It has been found that nano-Fe0/Pd/Cu composites processed dual functions: catalytic reduction and chemical reduction. The introduction of Pd and Cu not only improved nitrate removal rate, but also reduced the generation of ammonia. Nitrate removal rate was affected by the amount of Fe0/Pd/Cu, initial nitrate concentration, solution pH, dissolved oxygen (DO), reaction temperature, the presence of anions, and organic pollutant. Moreover, nitrate reduction by Fe0/Pd/Cu composites followed the pseudo-first-order reaction kinetics. The removal rate of nitrate and total nitrogen were about 85% and 40.8%, respectively, under the reaction condition of Fe-6.0%Pd-3.0%Cu amount of 0.25 g/L, pH value of 7.1, DO of 0.42 mg/L, and initial nitrate concentration of 100 mg/L. Compared with the previous studies with Fe0 alone or Fe-Cu, nano-Fe-6%Pd-3%Cu composites showed a better selectivity to N2.

Structure and Mechanical Properties of AlSiCuMg Alloy after Thermo Processing

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Piątkowski J.

2015-03-01

Full Text Available In the dissertation it has been shown, that so called „time-thermal treatment” (TTT of the alloy in liquid state, as overheating the metal with around 250°C above the Tliq. and detaining it in this temperature for around 30 minutes, improves the mechanical properties (HB, Rm, R0,2. It was ascertained, that overheating the AlSi17Cu5Mg alloy aids the modification, resulting with microcrystalline structure. Uniform arrangement of the Si primeval crystals in the warp, and α(Al solution type, supersaturated with alloying elements present in the base content (Cu, Mg assures not only increased durability in the ambient temperature, but also at elevated temperature (250°C, what is an advantage, especially due to the use in car industry.

Hydrogen storage properties of LaMgNi{sub 3.6}M{sub 0.4} (M = Ni, Co, Mn, Cu, Al) alloys

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Yang, Tai [Department of Functional Material Research, Central Iron and Steel Research Institute, Beijing 100081 (China); Key Laboratory of Integrated Exploitation of Baiyun Obo Multi-Metal Resources, Inner Mongolia University of Science and Technology, Baotou 014010 (China); Zhai, Tingting; Yuan, Zeming; Bu, Wengang [Department of Functional Material Research, Central Iron and Steel Research Institute, Beijing 100081 (China); Xu, Sheng [Key Laboratory of Integrated Exploitation of Baiyun Obo Multi-Metal Resources, Inner Mongolia University of Science and Technology, Baotou 014010 (China); Zhang, Yanghuan, E-mail: zhangyh59@sina.com [Department of Functional Material Research, Central Iron and Steel Research Institute, Beijing 100081 (China); Key Laboratory of Integrated Exploitation of Baiyun Obo Multi-Metal Resources, Inner Mongolia University of Science and Technology, Baotou 014010 (China)

2014-12-25

Highlights: • La–Mg–Ni system AB{sub 2}-type alloys were prepared by induction melting. • Structures and lattice parameters were analysed by XRD. • Hydrogen absorption/desorption performances were studied. • Mechanisms of hydrogen absorption capacity fading were investigated. - Abstract: LaMgNi{sub 3.6}M{sub 0.4} (M = Ni, Co, Mn, Cu, Al) alloys were prepared through induction melting process. The phase compositions and crystal structures were characterised via X-ray diffraction (XRD). The hydrogen storage properties, including activation performance, hydrogen absorption capacity, cycle stability, alloy particle pulverisation and plateau pressure, were systemically investigated. Results show that Ni, Co, Mn and Cu substitution alloys exhibit multiphase structures comprising the main phase LaMgNi{sub 4} and the secondary phase LaNi{sub 5}. However, the secondary phase of the Al substitution alloy changes into LaAlNi{sub 4}. The lattice parameters and cell volumes of the LaMgNi{sub 4} phase follow the order Ni < Co < Al < Cu < Mn. Activation is simplified through partial substitution of Ni with Al, Cu and Co. The hydrogen absorption capacities of all of the alloys are approximately 1.7 wt.% at the first activation process; however, they rapidly decrease with increasing cycle number. In addition, the stabilities of hydriding and dehydriding cycles decrease in the order Al > Co > Ni > Cu > Mn. Hydriding processes result in numerous cracks and amorphisation of the LaMgNi{sub 4} phase in the alloys. The p–c isotherms were determined by a Sieverts-type apparatus. Two plateaus were observed for the Ni, Co and Al substitution alloys, whereas only one plateau was found for Mn and Cu. This result was caused by the amorphisation of the LaMgNi{sub 4} phase during the hydriding cycles. Reversible absorption and desorption of hydrogen are difficult to achieve. Substitutions of Ni with Co, Mn, Cu and Al significantly influence the reduction of hysteresis between

Clustering behaviour in an Al-Mg-Si-Cu alloy during natural ageing and subsequent under-ageing

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Cao, Lingfei, E-mail: lingfei.cao@monash.edu [ARC Centre of Excellence for Design in Light Metals, Monash University, G68, Building 27, Welling Road, Clayton, Vic 3800 (Australia); Rometsch, Paul A.; Couper, Malcolm J. [ARC Centre of Excellence for Design in Light Metals, Monash University, G68, Building 27, Welling Road, Clayton, Vic 3800 (Australia)

2013-01-01

The clustering behaviour in an Al-Mg-Si-Cu alloy in the T4 and T61 tempers has been investigated by hardness and electrical conductivity testing, along with nanostructural characterisation using 3-D atom probe (3DAP) analysis. The selection of parameters for the PoSAP and IVAS cluster analysis software tools is discussed. The results show that the T4 hardness increases significantly within one day of natural ageing, and then reaches a plateau after about a week. A contingency table analysis reveals that clustering between Mg and Si atoms already exists in the T4 condition with only 1.1 h of natural ageing. In the T61 condition (after 0.5 h at 170 Degree-Sign C), the hardness is greatest in samples aged immediately after quenching, and decreases very rapidly with increasing prior natural ageing times of up to 3 h. The initial hardness drop in the T61 condition is associated with decreases in the volume fraction, average size and maximum size of solute aggregates. Longer prior natural ageing times inhibit the formation of larger solute aggregates (with more than 75 detected Mg+Si+Cu atoms) and thus result in low levels of T61 hardness.

Influence of Mn on the tensile properties of SSM-HPDC Al-Cu-Mg-Ag alloy A201

CSIR Research Space (South Africa)

Müller, H

2011-03-01

Full Text Available A201 aluminium alloy is a high strength casting alloy with a nominal composition of Al-4.6Cu-0.3Mg-0.6Ag. It is strengthened by the O(Al2Cu) phase and the ’(Al2Cu) phase during heat treatment. Further strengthening of this alloy system can...

Simulation of Cu-Mg metallic glass: Thermodynamics and structure

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Bailey, Nicholas; Schiøtz, Jakob; Jacobsen, Karsten Wedel

2004-01-01

We have obtained effective medium theory interatomic potential parameters suitable for studying Cu-Mg metallic glasses. We present thermodynamic and structural results from simulations of such glasses over a range of compositions. We have produced low-temperature configurations by cooling from...... the melt at as slow a rate as practical, using constant temperature and pressure molecular dynamics. During the cooling process we have carried out thermodynamic analyses based on the temperature dependence of the enthalpy and its derivative, the specific heat, from which the glass transition temperature...

Effects of γ-irradiation and ageing on surface and catalytic properties of nano-sized Cu O/Mg O system

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

El-Molla, S. A.; Ismail, S. A.; Ibrahim, M. M.

2011-01-01

0.2 Cu O/Mg O system prepared by impregnation method was calcined at 350 and 450 C. The effects of γ-rays (0.2-1.6 MGy) on its structure, surface and catalytic properties were investigated by using XRD, N 2 -adsorption at -196 C and catalytic conversion of isopropanol at 150-275 C using a flow technique. The results revealed that the investigated solids consisted of nano-sized Mg O as a major phase besides Cu O and trace amount of Cu 2 O. γ-Irradiation of the solids investigated exerted measurable changes in their surface and catalytic properties dependent on the calcination temperature and dose of irradiation. The catalysts investigated acted as active dehydrogenation solids. The five years-ageing of different solids showed limited changes of their surface and catalytic properties indicating a good catalytic stability of the irradiated prepared solids. (Author)

Effects of {gamma}-irradiation and ageing on surface and catalytic properties of nano-sized Cu O/Mg O system

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

El-Molla, S. A. [Ain Shams University, Faculty of Education, Chemistry Deparment, Roxy, Heliopolis, 11757 Cairo (Egypt); Ismail, S. A.; Ibrahim, M. M., E-mail: saharelmolla@yahoo.com [National Center for Radiation Research and Technology, Nasr City, P.O. Box 29, 11731 Cairo (Egypt)

2011-07-01

0.2 Cu O/Mg O system prepared by impregnation method was calcined at 350 and 450 C. The effects of {gamma}-rays (0.2-1.6 MGy) on its structure, surface and catalytic properties were investigated by using XRD, N{sub 2}-adsorption at -196 C and catalytic conversion of isopropanol at 150-275 C using a flow technique. The results revealed that the investigated solids consisted of nano-sized Mg O as a major phase besides Cu O and trace amount of Cu{sub 2}O. {gamma}-Irradiation of the solids investigated exerted measurable changes in their surface and catalytic properties dependent on the calcination temperature and dose of irradiation. The catalysts investigated acted as active dehydrogenation solids. The five years-ageing of different solids showed limited changes of their surface and catalytic properties indicating a good catalytic stability of the irradiated prepared solids. (Author)

Effects of waterborne Cu and Cd on anti-oxidative response, lipid peroxidation and heavy metals accumulation in abalone Haliotis discus hannai ino

Science.gov (United States)

Lei, Yanju; Zhang, Wenbing; Xu, Wei; Zhang, Yanjiao; Zhou, Huihui; Mai, Kangsen

2015-06-01

The aim of this study was to compare the effects of waterborne copper (Cu) and cadmium (Cd) on survival, anti-oxidative response, lipid peroxidation and metal accumulation in abalone Haliotis discus hannai. Experimental animals (initial weight: 7.49 g ± 0.01 g) were exposed to graded concentrations of waterborne Cu (0.02, 0.04, 0.06, 0.08 mg L-1) or Cd (0.025, 0.05, 0.25, 0.5 mg L-1) for 28 days, respectively. Activities of the anti-oxidative enzymes (catalase, CAT; superoxide dismutase, SOD; glutathione peroxidases, GPx; glutathione S-transferase, GST), contents of the reduced glutathione (GSH) and malondiadehyde (MDA) in the hepatopancreas, and metal accumulation in hepatopancreas and muscles were analyzed after 0, 1, 3, 6, 10, 15, 21, 28 days of metal exposure, respectively. Results showed that 0.04 mg L-1, 0.06 mg L--1 and 0.08 mg L-1 Cu caused 100% death of abalone on the 21st, 10th and 6th day, respectively. However, no dead abalone was found during the 28-day waterborne Cd exposure at all experimental concentrations. Generally, activities of SOD and GST in hepatopancreas under all Cu concentrations followed a decrease trend as the exposure time prolonged. However, these activities were firstly increased and then decreased to the control level and increased again during Cd exposure. Activities of CAT in all Cu exposure treatments were higher than those in the control. These activities were firstly increased and then decreased to the control level and increased again during Cd exposure. Contents of MDA in hepatopancreas in all Cu treatments significantly increased first and then decreased to the control level. However, the MDA contents in hepatopancreas were not significantly changed during the 28-day Cd exposure. The metals accumulation in both hepatopancreas and muscles of abalone significantly increased with the increase of waterborne metals concentration and exposure time. These results indicated that H. discus hannai has a positive anti-oxidative defense

Probing the A1 to L10 transformation in FeCuPt using the first order reversal curve method

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Dustin A. Gilbert

2014-08-01

Full Text Available The A1-L10 phase transformation has been investigated in (001 FeCuPt thin films prepared by atomic-scale multilayer sputtering and rapid thermal annealing (RTA. Traditional x-ray diffraction is not always applicable in generating a true order parameter, due to non-ideal crystallinity of the A1 phase. Using the first-order reversal curve (FORC method, the A1 and L10 phases are deconvoluted into two distinct features in the FORC distribution, whose relative intensities change with the RTA temperature. The L10 ordering takes place via a nucleation-and-growth mode. A magnetization-based phase fraction is extracted, providing a quantitative measure of the L10 phase homogeneity.

Synthesis, characterization and antifungal efficacy of C-coordinated O-carboxymethyl chitosan Cu(II) complexes.

Science.gov (United States)

Liu, Weixiang; Qin, Yukun; Liu, Song; Xing, Ronge; Yu, Huahua; Chen, Xiaolin; Li, Kecheng; Li, Pengcheng

2017-03-15

A novel type of O-carboxymethyl chitosan Schiff bases (O-CSPX) was synthesized via a condensation reaction. After the coordination reaction of cupric ions, Cu(II) complexes (O-CSPX-Cu) were achieved. The theoretical structure of O-CSPX-Cu calculated by Gaussian 09 reveals that the copper ions underwent dsp 2 hybridization, coordinated by the carbon atom in the p-π conjugate group and the oxygen atoms in the acetate ion. Then, the structures were confirmed by FT-IR, 1 H NMR, CP-MAS 13 C NMR, elemental analysis, DSC and XRD. The antifungal properties of O-CSPX-Cu against Phytophthora capsici (P. capsici), Gibberella zeae (G. zeae) and Glomerella cingulata (G. cingulata) were evaluated at concentrations ranging from 0.05mg/mL to 0.20mg/mL. The experiments indicated that the derivatives have significantly enhanced antifungal activity after copper ion complexation compared with the original chitosan. Moreover, it was shown that 0.20mg/mL of O-CSP3-Cu and O-CSP4-Cu can 100% inhibit the growth of P. capsici. The experimental results reveal that the antifungal efficiency is related to the space steric hindrance on the benzene ring, which may provide a novel direction for the development of copper fungicides. Copyright © 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Structural evolution, thermomechanical recrystallization and electrochemical corrosion properties of Ni-Cu-Mg amorphous coating on mild steel fabricated by dual-anode electrolytic processing

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Abdulwahab, M., E-mail: mabdulwahab@abu.edu.ng [Department of Chemical, Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, Tshwane University of Technology, Pretoria (South Africa); Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria (Nigeria); Fayomi, O.S.I., E-mail: ojosundayfayomi3@gmail.com [Department of Chemical, Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, Tshwane University of Technology, Pretoria (South Africa); Department of Mechanical Engineering, Covenant University, Ota (Nigeria); Popoola, A.P.I., E-mail: popoolaapi@tut.ac.za [Department of Chemical, Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, Tshwane University of Technology, Pretoria (South Africa)

2016-07-01

Highlights: • The surface of the coat containing Ni-Cu-Mg alloy on mild steel have sufficiently enhanced the properties. • Isothermally treated composites demonstrated 45% increase in the micro-hardness and 79.6% corrosion resistance. • The thermal stability of the developed Ni-Cu-Mg thin films on mild steel was excellent. - Abstract: The electrolytic Ni-Cu based alloy coating with admixed interfacial blend of Mg have been successfully prepared on mild steel substrate by dual anode electroplating processes over a range of applied current density and dwell time. The electrocodeposition of Ni-Cu-Mg coating was investigated in the presence of other bath additives. The influence of deposition current on surface morphology, adhesion behavior, preferred crystal orientation, surface topography and electrochemical activity of Ni-Cu-Mg alloy coating on mild steel were systematically examined. The thermal stability of the developed composite materials was examined via isothermal treatment. Scanning electron microscope equipped with EDS, X-ray diffraction, Atomic force microscope, micro-hardness tester and 3 μmetrohm Potentiostat/galvanostat were used to compare untreated and isothermally treated electrocodeposited composite. The induced activity of the Ni-Cu-Mg alloy changed the surface modification and results to crystal precipitation within the structural interface by the formation of Cu{sub ,} Ni{sub 2}Mg{sub 3} phase. The obtained results showed that the introduction of Mg particles in the plating bath generally modified the surface and brings an increase in the hardness and corrosion resistance of Ni-Cu-Mg layers fabricated. Equally, isothermally treated composites demonstrated an improved properties indicating 45% increase in the micro-hardness and 79.6% corrosion resistance which further showed that the developed composite is thermally stable.

Assessment of copper nanoparticles (Cu-NPs) and copper (II) oxide (CuO) induced hemato- and hepatotoxicity in Cyprinus carpio

Science.gov (United States)

Noureen, Aasma; Jabeen, Farhat; Tabish, Tanveer A.; Yaqub, Sajid; Ali, Muhammad; Shakoor Chaudhry, Abdul

2018-04-01

Recently, Cu-based nanoparticles have drawn considerable attention for their various fascinating roles in multiple biological systems. It is recognized that their frequent use can create compatibility challenges for the recipient systems. Nevertheless, it is unclear how various biological interactions affect the compatibility of Cu oxide II (CuO) and Cu oxide nanoparticles (Cu-NPs) for different organisms. Consequently, it has been difficult to perform structured risk assessments for their use in biological systems. Therefore, this study compared the effects of different doses of waterborne Cu-NPs and CuO on the blood and liver of selected groups of Cyprinus (C) carpio. These fish while housed in suitable water tanks were exposed to one of the following treatments for 14 d: control (no added Cu) or 0.5 or 1 or 1.5 mg Cu as Cu-NPs or CuO l-1 of water. We found significant changes in all assessed blood parameters of fish in response to increasing doses from 0 to 1.5 mg of Cu-NPs or CuO. Similarly, increased levels of lipid peroxide and reduced glutathione (GSH) were also observed in the livers of C. carpio in Cu-NPs or CuO treated groups. Enhanced levels of lipid peroxidation and GSH were also recorded in the Cu-NP treated groups compared with the CuO treated groups in a dose dependent manner. The lowest catalase activity was observed in the liver of C. carpio treated with the higer dose of Cu-NPs. Cu-NP or CuO exposure induced significant histological alterations in the liver of C. carpio including focal necrosis, cloudy swelling of hepatocytes, degenerative hepatocytes, vacuolization, pyknotic nuclei, damaged central vein, nuclear hypertrophy, dilated sinusoid, vacuolated degeneration, congestion, and complete degeneration in a dose dependent manner. Substantial alterations in blood and liver specimens were observed in the Cu-NP treated fish when compared with the CuO treated fish. It appeared that the Cu-NPs were more toxic than the CuO as shown by the hemato- and

The (CuGaSe{sub 2}){sub 1-x}(MgSe){sub x} alloy system (0{<=}x{<=}0.5): X-ray diffraction, energy dispersive spectrometry and differential thermal analysis

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Grima Gallardo, P.; Munoz, M.; Ruiz, J. [Centro de Estudios en Semiconductores (C.E.S.), Dpto. Fisica, Fac. Ciencias, La Hechicera, Merida (Venezuela); Delgado, G.E. [Laboratorio de Cristalografia, Dpto. Quimica, Fac. Ciencias, Universidad de Los Andes, Merida 5101 (Venezuela); Briceno, J.M. [Laboratorio de Analisis Quimico y Estructural (LAQUEM), Dpto. Fisica, Fac. Ciencias, La Hechicera, Merida (Venezuela)

2004-07-01

The (CuGaSe{sub 2}){sub 1-x}(MgSe){sub x} alloy system (0MgSe in CuGaSe{sub 2} was found to be nearly complete for all the compositions studied, although traces of MgSe appear as a secondary phase at x{>=}0.15. All the alloys showed the chalcopyrite structure and the lattice parameters of the unit cell do not follow a linear behavior but showed a soft local maximum at x {proportional_to} 0.15. In the single-phase field, the increasing behavior of the lattice parameters can be reproduced using an extension for quaternary alloys of Jaffe and Zunger's model for chalcopyrites. (copyright 2004 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH and Co. KGaA, Weinheim) (orig.)

Ecological modelling of a wetland for phytoremediating Cu, Zn and Mn in a gold–copper mine site using Typha domingensis (Poales: Typhaceae near Orange, NSW, Australia

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Subrahmanyam Sreenath

2017-12-01

Full Text Available An artificial wetland was computationally modelled using STELLA®, a graphical programming tool for an Au-Cu mine site in Central-west NSW, the aim of which was to offer a predictive analysis of a proposed wetland for Cu, Zn and Mn removal using Typha domingensis as the agent. The model considers the important factors that impact phytoremediation of Cu, Zn and Mn. Simulations were performed to optimise the area of the wetland; concentration of Cu, Zn and Mn released from mine (AMD; and flow rates of water for maximum absorption of the metals. A scenario analysis indicates that at AMD = 0.75mg/L for Cu, Zn and Mn, 12.5, 8.6, and 357.9 kg of Cu, Zn and Mn, respectively, will be assimilated by the wetland in 35 years, which would be equivalent to 61 mg of Cu/kg, 70 mg of Zn/kg and 2,886 mg of Mn/kg of T. domingensis, respectively. However, should Cu, Zn and Mn in AMD increase to 3 mg/L, then 18.6 kg of Cu and 11.8 kg of Zn, respectively, will be assimilated in 35 years, whereas no substantial increase in absorption for Mn would occur. This indicates that 91 mg of Cu, 96 mg of Zn and 2917 mg of Mn will be assimilated for every kg of T. domingensis in the wetland. The best option for Cu storage would be to construct a wetland of 50,000 m2 area (AMD = 0.367 mg/L of Cu, which would capture 14.1 kg of Cu in 43 years, eventually releasing only 3.9 kg of Cu downstream. Simulations performed for a WA of 30,000 m2 indicate that for AMD = 0.367 mg/L of Zn, the wetland captures 6.2 kg, releasing only 3.5 kg downstream after 43 years; the concentration of Zn in the leachate would be 10.2 kg, making this the most efficient wetland amongst the options considered for phytoremediating Zn. This work will help mine managers and environmental researchers in developing an effective environmental management plan by focusing on phytoremediation, with a view at extracting Cu, Zn and Mn from the contaminated sites.

Characterization of the thermoluminescent detectors LiF:Mg,Cu,P. Environmental dosimetry applications

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Ciocci Brazzano, Ligia; Gregori, Beatriz N.; Papadopulos, Susana B.; Carelli, Jorge L.

2005-01-01

Studies on thermal-luminescent properties of the LiF:Mg detectors, Cu, P enrichment with Li-7 (99.93% of Li-7 and 0.07% of Li-6): optimization of the heating profile, loss of information, detection limit and doses and energy responses are presented in this work. Their performance is compared with LiF:Mg detectors, Mg, Ti enriched with Li-7 (99.93% of Li-7 and 0.07% Li-6), which are at present used for environmental dosimetry at the Physics Dosimetry Laboratory of the Nuclear Regulatory Authority [es

Instability of TiC and TiAl3 compounds in Al-10Mg and Al-5Cu alloys by addition of Al-Ti-C master alloy

Institute of Scientific and Technical Information of China (English)

无

2006-01-01

The performance of Al-Ti-C master alloy in refining Al-10Mg and A1-5Cu alloys was studied by using electron probe micro-analyzer (EPMA) and X-ray diffractometer (XRD) analysis.The results indicate that there are obvious fading phenomena in both Al-10Mg and Al-5Cu alloys with the addition of Al-5Ti-0.4C refiner which contains TiC and TiAl3 compounds.Mg element has no influence on the stability of TiC and TiAl3, while TiC particles in Al-10Mg alloy react with Al to form Al4C3 particles, resulting in the refinement fading.However, TiC particles are relatively stable in Al-5Cu alloy, while TiAl3 phase reacts with Al2Cu to produce a new phase Ti(Al, Cu)2, which is responsible for the refinement fading in Al-5Cu alloy.These indicate that the refinement fading will not occur only when both the TiC particles and TiAl3 compound of Al-Ti-C refiner are stable in Al alloys.

Atomic bonding of precipitate and phase transformation of Al-Cu-Mg alloy

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Gao Yingjun; Hou Xianhua; Mo Qifeng; Wei Chengyang; Qin Xiaobing

2007-01-01

Atomic bonding of the GPB zone and S'' phase of Al-Cu-Mg alloys in early aging stage are calculated using the empirical electron theory (EET) in solid. The results show that not only the covalence bond-network is very strong in GPB zone, but the whole covalence bond energy of S'' phase is also very large, and all the primary bond-net framework of these precipitates can consolidate the matrix of alloy. Phase transformation from GPB zone to S'' phase is explained reasonably based on atomic bonding and total binding capacity of Al and Cu atoms in these precipitates

A-axis oriented superconductive YBCO thin films. Growth mechanism on MgO substrate. [Y-Ba-Cu-O

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Hamet, J F; Mercey, B; Hervieu, M; Poullain, G; Raveau, B [Centre de Materiaux Supraconducteurs, CRISMAT-ISMRa, 14 - Caen (France)

1992-08-01

The growth mechanism of a-axis oriented YBCO thin films has been studied by TEM. At 650degC, a disordered cubic perovskite is first formed with a[sub p]parallela[sub MgO], then a strained tetragonal a-axis oriented perovskite is observed, with c=3a[sub p], slightly misoriented with respect to MgO and showing a marquetry-like contrast. At 750degC, a [1anti 10] axis oriented perovskite is formed whose lattice exhibits a rotation with respect to MgO lattice, but also a tilting of the [CuO[sub 2

Effect of graphene oxide on copper stress in Lemna minor L.: evaluating growth, biochemical responses, and nutrient uptake.

Science.gov (United States)

Hu, Changwei; Liu, Lei; Li, Xiuling; Xu, Yundi; Ge, Zhigang; Zhao, Yongjun

2018-01-05

The wide application and unique properties of graphene oxide (GO) make it to interact with other pollutants and subsequently alter their behavior and toxicity. We evaluated the influences of GO at different concentrations (1 and 5mg/L) on copper (Cu) stress in duckweed (Lemna minor L.) GO below a concentration of 5mg/L showed no adverse effects on L. minor. The addition of Cu above 10μM represented a stress condition, which was evidenced by various parameters such as frond number, percent inhibition of growth rate (I r ), total chlorophyll content, dry weight, superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and peroxidase (POD). When L. minor was simultaneously exposed to GO and Cu, especially at a GO concentration of 5mg/L and a Cu level above 10μM, the increase of I r and decrease of chlorophyll content were inhibited, suggesting that the Cu stress was diminished in the presence of GO. The addition of Cu alone, ranging between 5 and 20μM, increased Cu, B, Mn, Fe, Co, and Zn uptake, but decreased P uptake. Our results suggest that GO can lessen Cu stress in L. minor via Cu adsorption, thereby protecting the plants from the damaging effects of high Cu concentrations. Copyright © 2017 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Thermoluminescent characteristics of LiF:Mg, Cu, P and CaSO_4:Dy for low dose measurement

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Del Sol Fernández, S.; García-Salcedo, R.; Mendoza, J. Guzmán; Sánchez-Guzmán, D.; Rodríguez, G. Ramírez; Gaona, E.; Montalvo, T. Rivera

2016-01-01

Thermoluminescence (TL) characteristics for LiF:Mg, Cu, P, and CaSO_4:Dy under the homogeneous field of X-ray beams of diagnostic irradiation and its verification using thermoluminescence dosimetry are presented. The irradiation were performed utilizing a conventional X-ray equipment installed at the Hospital Juárez Norte of México. Different thermoluminescence characteristics of two material were studied, such as batch homogeneity, glow curve, linearity, detection threshold, reproducibility, relative sensitivity and fading. Materials were calibrated in terms of absorbed dose to the standard calibration distance and they were positioned in a generic phantom. The dose analysis, verification and comparison with the measurements obtained by the TLD-100 were performed. Results indicate that the dosimetric peak appears at 202 °C and 277.5 °C for LiF:Mg, Cu, P and CaSO_4:Dy, respectively. TL response as a function of X-ray dose showed a linearity behavior in the very low dose range for all materials. However, the TLD-100 is not accurate for measurements below 4 mGy. CaSO_4:Dy is 80% more sensitive than TLD-100 and it show the lowest detection threshold, whereas LiF:Mg, Cu, P is 60% more sensitive than TLD-100. All materials showed very good repeatability. Fading for a period of one month at room temperature showed low fading LiF:Mg, Cu, P, medium and high for TLD-100 and CaSO_4:Dy. The results suggest that CaSO_4:Dy and LiF:Mg, Cu, P are suitable for measurements at low doses used in radiodiagnostic. - Highlights: • Several dosimetric characteristics were evaluated. • TL dose response to very low dose X-rays was studied. • The applications proposed for each material may be useful for diagnostic radiology dosimetry.

L-J phase in a Cu2.2Mn0.8Al alloy

Science.gov (United States)

Jeng, S. C.; Liu, T. F.

1995-06-01

A new type of precipitate (designated L-J phase) with two variants was observed within the (DO3 + L21) matrix in a Cu2.2Mn0.8Al alloy. Transmission electron microscopy examinations indicated that the L-J phase has an orthorhombic structure with lattice parameters a = 0.413 nm, b = 0.254 nm and c = 0.728 nm. The orientation relationship between the L-J phase and the matrix is (100)L-J//(011) m , (010)L-J//(111) m and (001)L-J//(211) m . The rotation axis and rotation angle between two variants of the L-J phase are [021] and 90 deg. The L-J phase has never been observed in various Cu-Al, Cu-Mn, and Cu-Al-Mn alloy systems before.

The effects of Cu addition on the microstructure and thermal stability of an Al-Mg-Si alloy

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Man, Jin; Jing, Li; Jie, Shao Guang

2007-01-01

The effects of Cu addition on the microstructure and thermal stability of 6082 Al-Mg-Si alloys were investigated. The results show the Q' precipitates are formed when aged at 170 o C for 4 h in 6082 alloy with 0.6% Cu addition. The hardness value of the alloy with 0.6% Cu is always distinctly higher than that of the alloy without Cu during isothermal treatment at 250 o C. Based on the TEM and three-dimensional atom probe (3DAP) results, the thermal stability of the 6082 alloys with Cu addition is discussed with respect to the distribution of Cu

Effects of Cu(2+) and Zn(2+) on growth and physiological characteristics of green algae, Cladophora.

Science.gov (United States)

Cao, De-ju; Xie, Pan-pan; Deng, Juan-wei; Zhang, Hui-min; Ma, Ru-xiao; Liu, Cheng; Liu, Ren-jing; Liang, Yue-gan; Li, Hao; Shi, Xiao-dong

2015-11-01

Effects of various concentrations of Cu(2+) and Zn(2+) (0.0, 0.1, 0.25, 0.5, or 1.0 mg/L) on the growth, malondialdehyde (MDA), the intracellular calcium, and physiological characteristics of green algae, Cladophora, were investigated. Low Zn(2+) concentrations accelerated the growth of Cladophora, whereas Zn(2+) concentration increases to 0.25 mg/L inhibited its growth. Cu(2+) greatly influences Cladophora growth. The photosynthesis of Cladophora decreased under Zn(2+) and Cu(2+) stress. Cu(2+) and Zn(2+) treatment affected the content of total soluble sugar in Cladophora and has small increases in its protein content. Zn(2+) induced the intracellular calcium release, and copper induced the intracellular calcium increases in Cladophora. Exposure to Cu(2+) and Zn(2+) induces MDA in Cladophora. The stress concent of Cu(2+) was strictly correlated with the total soluble sugar content, Chla+Chlb, and MDA in Cladophora, and the stress concent of Zn(2+) was strictly correlated with the relative growth rate (RGR) and MDA of Cladophora.

Mechanical properties and bending strain effect on Cu-Ni sheathed MgB2 superconducting tape

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Fu, Minyi; Chen, Jiangxing; Jiao, Zhengkuan; Kumakura, H.; Togano, K.; Ding, Liren; Zhang, Yong; Chen, Zhiyou; Han, Hanmin; Chen, Jinglin

2004-01-01

The Young's modulus (E) of Cu-Ni sheathed MgB 2 monofilament tape was measured using electric method. It is about 8.05 x 10 10 Pa, the same order of Cu and its alloys. We found that the lower E value of the MgB 2 component seemed to relate to the lower filament density. The benefits of pre-compression in filaments were discussed in terms of improving stress distribution in the wires and tapes during winding and operation of superconducting magnets. The magnetic field dependence of J c was investigated on the sample subjected to various strain levels through bending with different radii at 4.2 K

Effect of Low Cu Amounts and Pre-Deformation on the Precipitation in Al-Mg-Si Alloys

Science.gov (United States)

Saito, Takeshi; Muraishi, Shinji; Marioara, Calin D.; Holmestad, Randi

Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) studies were performed on two Al-Mg-Si alloys with low Cu additions (0.01 and 0.10 wt%) in order to investigate the effect of Cu and 10% pre-deformation on precipitate microstructure and its connection to mechanical properties. After 300 minutes aging at 190°C, fine microstructures associated with high hardness were observed in the alloy with 0.10% Cu. Pre-deformation led to heterogeneous distributions of precipitates along dislocations, causing microstructure coarsening. This effect was less pronounced in the alloy with the higher Cu amount.

Ultrasensitive colorimetric detection of Cu2+ ion based on catalytic oxidation of L-cysteine.

Science.gov (United States)

Yin, Kun; Li, Bowei; Wang, Xiaochun; Zhang, Weiwei; Chen, Lingxin

2015-02-15

As an essential element, copper ion (Cu(2+)) plays important roles in human beings for its participation in diverse metabolic processes as a cofactor and/or a structural component of enzymes. However, excessive uptake of Cu(2+) ion gives rise to the risk of certain diseases. So, it is important to develop simple ways to monitor and detect Cu(2+) ion. In this study, a simple, facile colorimetric sensor for the ultrasensitive determination of Cu(2+) ion was developed based on the following principle: L-cysteine and 1-chloro-2,4-dinitrobenzene (CDNB) could be conjugated to form the yellow product 2,4-dinitrophenylcysteine (DNPC), which was measurable at 355nm; however, upon addition of Cu(2+) ion, the absorbance of DNPC would be decreased owing to the Cu(2+) ion catalytic oxidation of L-cysteine to L-cystine in the presence of O2. Thus, the colorimetric detection of Cu(2+) ion could be achieved. The optimal pH, buffer, temperature and incubation time for the colorimetric sensor were obtained of pH 6.8 in 0.1M HEPES solution, 90 °C and 50 min, respectively. A good linearity within the range of 0.8-10 nM (r = 0.996) was attained, with a high detectability up to 0.5nM. Analyses of Cu(2+) ion in drinking water, lake water, seawater and biological samples were carried out and the method performances were found to agree well with that obtained by ICP-MS. The developed simple colorimetric sensor proved applicable for Cu(2+) ion determination in real samples with high sensitivity and selectivity. Copyright © 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Toxic Effect of Bispyribac-sodium and Cu^2+ on Lemna Minor%双草醚和Cu对浮萍的毒性效应

Institute of Scientific and Technical Information of China (English)

郑丽英

2012-01-01

The single toxic and combined toxic effects of Cu^2+ and bispyribac-sodium on Lemna minor were studied.The results showed that Cu2+ could stimulate the growth of Lemna minor and affect on the content of chlorophyll when the concentration of Cu^2+ was below 0.2 mg/L.With the increasing of the treatment concentration of Cu^2+,the growth rate of Lemna minor decreased.When its concentration was more than 0.4 mg/L,the growth of Lemna minor and the content of chlorophyll would be significantly affected.When the concentration of bispyribac-sodium was beyond 0.02 mg/L,Lemna minor's growth was obviously inhibited.The joint toxicity of Cu2+ and bispyribac-sodium would inhibit the growth of Lemna minor in concentration 1:1,and the toxicity of combined pollution is obviously greater than those of single pollution.%应用水培实验方法,研究了重金属铜和除草剂双草醚对浮萍的单一毒性和联合毒性效应。结果表明：当Cu^2＋浓度小于0.2 mg/L,可促进浮萍生长;当浓度达到0.4 mg/L时对浮萍生长产生毒害。双草醚浓度高于0.02 mg/L时,对浮萍生长有显著的抑制作用。相同浓度的Cu2＋和双草醚按1∶1等体积混合时明显抑制浮萍生长,且浓度增加,对浮萍生长的毒害效应也逐步增强,叶绿素a的含量明显下降。复合污染对浮萍生长的影响明显大于单一污染,表现为协同作用。

Biosorption of heavy metal copper (Cu2+) by Saccharomyces cerevisiae

Science.gov (United States)

Ririhena, S. A. J.; Astuti, A. D.; Fachrul, M. F.; Silalahi, M. D. S.; Hadisoebroto, R.; Rinanti, A.

2018-01-01

This research aims to study the optimum effect of contact time and pH adsorption of copper (Cu2+) from electroplating industry waste by dried beer waste S.cerevisiae. This research conducted using batch culture with pH variation 2,3,4,5, and 6, contact time variation 60, 90, 120, 150, 180 minutes, 150 rpm at room temperature (± 28°C), initial Cu2+ concentration 33,746 mg/l, and biosorbent mass 200 mg & 500 mg. The adsorption of heavy metal ions Cu2+ occurs in all variations of pH and contact time at optimum pH. The optimum adsorption occurs at pH 4 with contact time 120 minutes for both 200 mg (41.60%) and 500 mg (61.04%) beer waste biosorbent. Cell morphology seen with Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) analysis shows the change of cell wall that gets damaged from Cu2+ adsorption. It also proved by the decreased concentration of initial high concentration carboxyl groups. The adsorption process of this research complies to Freundlich Isotherm with R2 value closest to 1 and followed first order kinetic.

Effects of Alloying Elements on Room and High Temperature Tensile Properties of Al-Si Cu-Mg Base Alloys =

Science.gov (United States)

Alyaldin, Loay

result of the presence of both Mg and Cu. These alloy types display excellent strength values at both low and high temperatures. Additions of Zr, Ni, Mn and Sc would be expected to maintain the performance of these alloys at still higher temperatures. Six alloys were prepared using 0.2 wt% Ti grain-refined 354 alloy, comprising alloy R (354 + 0.25wt% Zr) considered as the base or reference alloy, and five others, viz., alloys S, T, U, V, and Z containing various amounts of Ni, Mn, Sc and Zr, added individually or in combination. For comparison purposes, another alloy L was prepared from 398 (Al-16%Si) alloy, reported to give excellent high temperature properties, to which the same levels of Zr and Sc additions were made, as in alloy Z. Tensile test bars were prepared from the different 354 alloys using an ASTM B-108 permanent mold. The test bars were solution heat treated using a one-step or a multi-step solution heat treatment, followed by quenching in warm water, and then artificial aging employing different aging treatments (T5, T6, T62 and T7). The one-step (or SHT 1) solution treatment consisted of 5 h 495 °C) and the multi-step (or SHT 2) solution treatment comprised 5 h 495°C + 2 h 515°C + 2 h 530°C. Thermal analysis of the various 354 alloy melts was carried out to determine the sequence of reactions and phases formed during solidification under close-to-equilibrium cooling conditions. The main reactions observed comprised formation of the alpha-Al dendritic network at 598°C followed by precipitation of the Al-Si eutectic and post-eutectic beta-Al5FeSi phase at 560°C; Mg2Si phase and transformation of the beta-phase into pi-Al8Mg 3FeSi6 phase at 540°C and 525°C; and lastly, precipitation of Al2Cu and Q-Al5Mg8Cu2Si 6 almost simultaneously at 498°C and 488°C. Larger sizes of AlFeNi and AlCuNi phase particles were observed in T alloy with its higher Ni content of 4 wt%, when compared to those seen in S alloy at 2% Ni content. Mn addition in Alloy U helps

Soil solution dynamics of Cu and Zn in a Cu- and Zn-polluted soil as influenced by gamma-irradiation and Cu-Zn interaction.

Science.gov (United States)

Luo, Y M; Yan, W D; Christie, P

2001-01-01

A pot experiment was conducted to study soil solution dynamics of Cu and Zn in a Cu/Zn-polluted soil as influenced by gamma-irradiation and Cu-Zn interaction. A slightly acid sandy loam was amended with Cu and Zn (as nitrates) either singly or in combination (100 mg Cu and 150 mg Zn kg(-1) soil) and was then gamma-irradiated (10 kGy). Unamended and unirradiated controls were included, and spring barley (Hordeum vulgare L. cv. Forrester) was grown for 50 days. Soil solution samples obtained using soil moisture samplers immediately before transplantation and every ten days thereafter were used directly for determination of Cu, Zn, pH and absorbance at 360 nm (A360). Cu and Zn concentrations in the solution of metal-polluted soil changed with time and were affected by gamma-irradiation and metal interaction. gamma-Irradiation raised soil solution Cu substantially but generally decreased soil solution Zn. These trends were consistent with increased dissolved organic matter (A360) and solution pH after gamma-irradiation. Combined addition of Cu and Zn usually gave higher soil solution concentrations of Cu or Zn compared with single addition of Cu or Zn in gamma-irradiated and non-irradiated soils, indicating an interaction between Cu and Zn. Cu would have been organically complexed and consequently maintained a relatively high concentration in the soil solution under higher pH conditions. Zn tends to occur mainly as free ion forms in the soil solution and is therefore sensitive to changes in pH. The extent to which gamma-irradiation and metal interaction affected solubility and bioavailability of Cu and Zn was a function of time during plant growth. Studies on soil solution metal dynamics provide very useful information for understanding metal mobility and bioavailability.

Determinación de Ca, Cu, Fe y Pb por espectrofotometría de absorción atómica en aguardientes de caña

OpenAIRE

Magdalena Lorenzo; Arlyn Reyes; Idania Blanco; María del Carmen Vasallo

2010-01-01

La determinación de Ca, Cu, Fe y Pb en aguardientes¸ se realizó por espectrofotometría de absorción atómica. El volumen de inyección fue 20 uL, la calibración se llevó a cabo en intervalos de 0,5-25,0 mg.L-1 de Ca; 0,25-5,0 mg.L-1 para el Cu, Pb y el Cu, y se utilizaron las absorbancias de Ca, Cu, Fe y Pb contra la concentración de los analitos, respectivamente. Las correlaciones lineales típicas de r = 0,99 en todos los casos. El método propuesto se aplicó para la determinación directa de C...

14N nuclear quadrupole interaction in Cu(II) doped L-alanine

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Murgich, J.; Calvo, R.; Oseroff, S.B.; Instituto Venezolano de Investigaciones Cientificas, Caracas. Dept. de Quimica)

1980-01-01

The 14 N nuclear quadrupole interaction tensor Psub(N) measured by ENDOR in Cu(II) doped L-alanine is analyzed in terms of the Townes and Daily theory assuming a tetra-hedrally bonded N atom. The results of this analysis are compared with those for the 14 N in pure L-alanine and it is found that the principal directions of the Psub(N) tensor are drastically changed upon metal complexation as a consequence of the higher electron affinity of Cu(II) with respect to C and H. Comparison of the corresponding bond populations in pure and Cu(II) doped L-alanine indicates that the Cu draws 0.11 more electron from the N than the substituted H atom. (orig.)

On the nature of T(Al2Mg3Zn3) and S(Al2CuMg) phases present in as-cast and annealed 7055 aluminum alloy

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Mondal, Chandan; Mukhopadhyay, A.K.

2005-01-01

Aluminum alloys, encompassed by AA 7055 alloy composition, having the nominal zinc content (i.e. 8 wt.%) but varying copper and magnesium contents across the alloy composition range were examined in the as-cast form by a combination of light microscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), electron probe micro analysis (EPMA) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). It is observed that for all compositions, the second phases based on η(MgZn 2 ), T(Al 2 Mg 3 Zn 3 ) and S(Al 2 CuMg) are present. The T phase dissolves copper up to 28 wt.%, whilst the S phase shows metastable solubility of zinc that may range up to 30 wt.%. In alloys with magnesium at the lower limit and the copper contents approaching the upper limit of the alloy composition, the θ phase (Al 2 Cu) of the constituent binary Al-Cu system is further observed. The θ phase (Al 2 Cu) does not dissolve either zinc or magnesium. Below the nominal composition, the alloys could be homogenized substantially using a commercially viable homogenization treatment leaving small amounts of undissolved S phase that does not contain any zinc

Characterization of {sup 6}LiF:Mg,Cu,P (TLD-600 H) estimate of E, b and s parameters

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Andres, P. A., E-mail: andresp@cab.cnea.gov.ar [Centro Atomico Bariloche, Division Proteccion Radiologica / CNEA, Av. E. Bustillo Km 9.5, R8402AGP San Carlos de Bariloche (Argentina)

2015-10-15

LiF:Mg,Cu,P dosemeters are useful for low-dose measurements because of its high sensitivity compared to the LiF:Mg,Ti dosemeters. {sup 7}LiF:Mg,Cu,P have been used for environmental dosimetry in Bariloche Atomic Centre for almost a decade. Since {sup 6}LiF:Mg,Cu,P dosemeters were intended to be used for X ray diagnosis dosimetry in neonatology, they had to be characterized first. The main goal of measuring and analyzing Tl glow curves is the extraction of some parameters that can be used to describe the Tl process in the material. This job focused on the estimation of the activation energy E for the Tl traps, the frequency factor s and the order of kinetics b of the Tl process. Furthermore, the most appropriate time-temperature profile (Ttp) was determined as well as the annealing temperature and time, which resulted being 240 degrees C for 10 minutes. The Ttp used was 140 degrees C for 10 seconds, a heating rate of 20/s until 240 degrees C, remaining at this temperature for 20 seconds, and then an exponential cooling until 50 degrees C. After applying the whole glow-peak method for different orders of kinetic, and the Kitis equation assuming a first order kinetics, the values obtained were: E = (1.066 ± 0.025) eV, as a weighted average of both methods, and a frequency factor s = (3.57 ± 1.56) E-10 s{sup -1} again as a weighted average of both methods. In both cases a first order kinetics (b = 1) was assumed. The dosemeters were irradiated with a calibrated {sup 137}Cs source and read with a Harshaw TLD{sup TM} Model 3500 reader resulting in a minimum detectable dose of about 20 μGy. (Author)

Optimization of the copper addition to the core of in situ Cu-sheathed MgB2 wires

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Woźniak, M; Juda, K L; Hopkins, S C; Glowacki, B A; Gajda, D

2013-01-01

Recent results on powder-in-tube in situ Cu-sheathed MgB 2 wires have shown that copper powder additions to the core can accelerate the formation of MgB 2 , increasing its volume fraction and greatly decreasing the amount of Mg–Cu intermetallic phases present in the core after heat treatment. The amount of added copper and heat treatment conditions strongly affect the critical current of the wire and require optimization. To identify the optimum parameters, eight wires with starting core compositions of Mg+2B+xCu with x = 0, 0.01, 0.03, 0.05, 0.07, 0.09, 0.12 and 0.15 were prepared with two heating ramp rates and their properties were investigated by SEM, XRD and J c and n-value measurements. The highest J c was found to be for x = 0.09, whereas x = 0.03 resulted in the highest n-value. The results are relatively independent of the heating ramp rate used for heat treatment. (paper)

DC conductivity and Seebeck coefficient of nonstoichiometric MgCuZn ferrites

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Madhuri W.

2017-02-01

Full Text Available Nonstoichiometric series of Mg0.5−xCuxZn0.5Fe1.9O4−δ where x = 0.0, 0.1, 0.15, 0.2 and 0.25 has been synthesized by conventional solid state reaction route. The single phase spinel structure of the double sintered ferrites was confirmed by X-ray diffraction patterns (XRD. The ferrite series was studied in terms of DC electrical conductivity and thermoelectric power in the temperature ranging from room temperature to 300 °C and 400 °C, respectively. It was observed that DC electrical conductivity and Seebeck coefficient α decreased with the increase in x. DC electrical conductivity was found to decrease by about 4 orders. All the compositions showed a negative Seebeck coefficient exhibiting n-type semiconducting nature. From the above experimental results, activation energy and mobility of all the samples were estimated. Small polaron hopping conduction mechanism was suggested for the series of ferrites. Owing to their low conductivity the nonstoichiometric MgCuZn ferrites are the best materials for transformer core and high definition television deflection yokes.

Validation of an analytical method applicable to study of 1 mg/mL oral Risperidone solution stability

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Abreu Alvarez, Maikel; Garcia Penna, Caridad Margarita; Martinez Miranda, Lissette

2010-01-01

A validated analytical method by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) was applicable to study of 1 mg/mL Risperidone oral solution stability. The above method was linear, accurate, specific and exact. A stability study of the 1 mg/mL Risperidone oral solution was developed determining its expiry date. The shelf life study was conducted for 24 months at room temperature; whereas the accelerated stability study was conducted with product under influence of humidity and temperature; analysis was made during 3 months. Formula fulfilled the quality specifications described in Pharmacopeia. The results of stability according to shelf life after 24 months showed that the product maintains the parameters determining its quality during this time and in accelerated studies there was not significant degradation (p> 0.05) in the product. Under mentioned conditions expiry date was of 2 years

Tl response of LiF: Mg, Cu, P+Ptfe at X rays of 24, 42 and 100 KeV; Respuesta TL de LiF: Mg, Cu, P+Ptfe a rayos X de 24, 42 y 100 KeV

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Gonzalez M, P.R.; Tovar M, V.M. [ININ, 52045 Ocoyoacac, Estado de Mexico (Mexico); Azorin N, J. [UAM-I, 09340 Mexico D.F. (Mexico); Furetta, C. [Universita degli Studi di Roma ' La Sapienza' , Piazzale Aldo Moro 2, 00185 Roma (Italy); Quiroz C, M.C. [Facultad de Medicina, UAEM, 50180 Toluca, Estado de Mexico (Mexico)

2005-07-01

In this work the obtained results of the irradiation of thermoluminescent dosemeters (Tl) of LiF: Mg,Cu,P + Ptfe with X rays for the effective radiation energy of 24, 42 and 100 keV, in an interval of Kerma in air in the sinus of the air between 0.05 and 1.0 Gy are presented. The rate of Kerma in air was determined with an ionization chamber PTW-1152, gauged by the Laboratoire Central des Industries Electriques (LCIE). As reference commercial TLD-100 dosemeters was used. The results showed that the studied Tl dosemeters presented a lineal response in the interval of mentioned Kerma. On the other hand the estimated Kerma with the Tl dosemeter in the calibration curves for X rays, were similar to the one measured with the previously gauged ionization chamber. The Tl of LiF: Mg, Cu, P + Ptfe, developed in the ININ, are highly reliable for X-ray dosimetry. (Author)

Alloy development for the enhanced stability of Ω precipitates in Al-Cu-Mg-Ag alloys

Science.gov (United States)

Gable, B. M.; Shiflet, G. J.; Starke, E. A.

2006-04-01

The coarsening resistance and thermal stability of several Ω plate-dominated microstructures were controlled through altering the chemistry and thermomechanical processing of various Al-Cu-Mg-Ag alloys. Quantitative comparisons of Ω nucleation density, particle size, and thermal stability were used to illustrate the effects of alloy composition and processing conditions. The long-term stability of Ω plates was found to coincide with relatively high levels of silver and moderate magnesium additions, with the latter limiting the competition for solute with S-phase precipitation. This analysis revealed that certain microstructures initially dominated by Ω precipitation were found to remain stable through long-term isothermal and double-aging heat treatments, which represents significant improvement over the previous generation of Al-Cu-Mg-Ag alloys, in which Ω plates dissolved sacrificially after long aging times. The quantitative precipitate data, in conjunction with a thermodynamic database for the aluminum-rich corner of the Al-Cu-Mg-Ag quaternary system, were used to estimate the chemistry of the α/Ω-interphase boundary. These calculations suggest that silver is the limiting species at the α/Ω interfacial layer and that Ω plates form with varying interfacial chemistries during the early stages of artificial aging, which is directly related to the overall stability of certain plates.

Influence of Sc on microstructure and mechanical properties of Al-Si-Mg-Cu-Zr alloy

Science.gov (United States)

Li, Yukun; Du, Xiaodong; Zhang, Ya; Zhang, Zhen; Fu, Junwei; Zhou, Shi'ang; Wu, Yucheng

2018-02-01

In the present study, the effects of Mg, Cu, Sc and Zr combined additions on the microstructure and mechanical properties of hypoeutectic Al-Si cast alloy were systematically investigated. Characterization techniques such as optical microscopy (OM), scanning electron microscope (SEM), energy dispersive spectrometer (EDS), electron back-scatter diffraction (EBSD), atomic force microscopy (AFM), transmission electron microscope (TEM), Brinell hardness tester and universal testing machine were employed to analyze the microstructure and mechanical properties. The results showed that Sc served as modifier on the microstructure of Al-3Si-0.45Mg-0.45Cu-0.2Zr alloys, including modification of eutectic Si and grains. Extraordinarily, grain refinement was found to be related to the primary particles, which exhibited a close orientation to matrix. After T6 heat treatment, the grain structures were composed of nano-scaled secondary Al3(Sc, Zr) precipitates and spherical eutectic Si. Combined with T6 heat treatment, the highest hardness, yield strength, ultimate tensile strength and elongation were achieved in 0.56 wt.% Sc-modified alloy. Interestingly, the strength and ductility had a similar tendency. This paper demonstrated that combined additions of Mg, Cu, Sc and Zr could significantly improve the microstructure and performance of the hypoeutectic Al-Si cast alloy.

Pile oscillator measurements of thermal absorption cross sections of Al, Mg, Fe and Cu

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Carre, J.C.; Vidal, R.

1964-01-01

The phase oscillation technique used at ZOE has the property of reducing of a marked factor the effect of neutron scattering by the sample. The absorption cross sections of poorly absorbing and highly scattering materials have been measured; for neutrons of 2,200 m/s, the following values are obtained: 229 ± 3 mb for Al; 64.2 ± 1.5 mb for Mg, 2.53 ± 0.03 b for Fe and 3.74 ± 0.04 b for Cu. (authors) [fr

Schiff bases derived from L-Tyrosine L-Tryptophan and their Cu(II) chelates as effective means for preventive-treatment of radiation injuries

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Malakyan, M.H.; Bajinyan, S.A.; Matosyan, V.H.; Tonoyan, V.J.; Babayan, K.N.; Boyajyan, A.S.; Yeghiazaryan, D.E.; Vardevanyan, L.A.; Sorenson, J.R.J.

2008-01-01

Full text: Study on essential metallo element chelates as radioprotectors presents a promising direction in a search for and development of novel anti-radiation agents and offers a new approach to overcome the pathological effects of ionizing radiation. The key idea elucidating the radioprotective effects of metallo element-containing chelates of amino acid derivatives is their role in stimulation of de novo synthesis of metallo element-dependent enzymes required for recovery of hemopoietic activity and immuno competency lost as a consequence of radiation damage. Aimed to develop novel anti-radiation remedies of less toxicity and high efficacy, Schiff bases derived from L-Tyrosine and L-Tryptophan and their Cu(II) chelates were synthesized. In experiments in vitro and in vivo biological and pharmacological properties of the mentioned Schiff Bases and their copper complexes are under study. According to the results obtained, L-Tyrosinate and L-Tryptophanate Schiff bases are low toxic compounds with a weak antioxidant activity and exert radioprotective effects in case of animal X-ray irradiation at a dose level equal or less than LD 50/30 . Unlike Schiff Bases, their appropriate Cu(II) chelates possess high anti radical/antioxidant activity and manifest expressed radio-protective action at LD 100/30 dose of ionizing radiation. Anti-radiation effects of amino acid Schiff bases and their metallo chelates are manifested in case of both subcutaneous and oral single administration to the animal organism at 10, 20, or 40 mg/kg 1, 3, 6, or 24 hours prior to radiation exposure. Conclusions are drawn basing on determinations of survival and average life-span indices of irradiated animals, as well as on studies for their hematological, biochemical, immunological, biophysical indices. It is revealed that on the background of preliminary administration of the compounds studied to the animal organism the characteristics of DNA are significantly improved, the immune status

Joining of Cu-Mg-Mn Aluminum Alloy with Linear Friction Welding

OpenAIRE

A. Medvedev; V. Bychkov; A. Selivanov; Yu. J. Ershova; B. Bolshakov; I.V. Alexаndrov; F. F. Musin

2014-01-01

Al-Cu-Mg-Mn alloy samples were joined together with linear friction welding in two conditions, as is, without pretreatment, and after etching the welding interface. The effect of the welding interface condition was evaluated based on microstructure analysis, microhardness and tensile testing at room temperature. Also, the temperature distribution during welding was estimated with an analytical one-dimensional heat conduction model of the welding process and welding process data

Experimental analysis of volumetric wear behavioural and mechanical properties study of as cast and 1Hr homogenized Al-25Mg2Si2Cu4Ni alloy at constant load

Science.gov (United States)

Harlapur, M. D.; Mallapur, D. G.; Udupa, K. Rajendra

2018-04-01

In the current study, an experimental analysis of volumetric wear behaviour and mechanical properties of aluminium (Al-25Mg2Si2Cu4Ni) alloy in as cast and 1Hr homogenized with T6 heat treatment is carried out at constant load. Pin-on-disc apparatus was used to carry out sliding wear test. Mechanical properties such as tensile, hardness and compression test on as-cast and 1 hr homogenized samples are measured. Universal testing machine was used to conduct the tensile and compressive test at room temperature. Brinell hardness tester was used to conduct the hardness test. The scanning electron microscope was used to analyze the worn-out wear surfaces. Wear results and mechanical properties shows that 1Hr homogenized Al-25Mg2Si2Cu4Ni alloy samples with T6 treated had better volumetric wear resistance, hardness, tensile and compressive strength as compared to as cast samples.

Laser Welding-Brazing of Immiscible AZ31B Mg and Ti-6Al-4V Alloys Using an Electrodeposited Cu Interlayer

Science.gov (United States)

Zhang, Zequn; Tan, Caiwang; Wang, Gang; Chen, Bo; Song, Xiaoguo; Zhao, Hongyun; Li, Liqun; Feng, Jicai

2018-03-01

Metallurgical bonding between immiscible system AZ31B magnesium (Mg) and Ti-6Al-4V titanium (Ti) was achieved by adding Cu interlayer using laser welding-brazing process. Effect of the laser power on microstructure evolution and mechanical properties of Mg/Cu-coated Ti joints was studied. Visually acceptable joints were obtained at the range of 1300 to 1500 W. The brazed interface was divided into three parts due to temperature gradient: direct irradiation zone, intermediate zone and seam head zone. Ti3Al phase was produced along the interface at the direct irradiation zone. Ti-Al reaction layer grew slightly with the increase in laser power. A small amount of Ti2(Cu,Al) interfacial compounds formed at the intermediate zone and the ( α-Mg + Mg2Cu) eutectic structure dispersed in the fusion zone instead of gathering when increasing the laser power at this zone. At the seam head zone, Mg-Cu eutectic structure was produced in large quantities under all cases. Joint strength first increased and then decreased with the variation of the laser power. The maximum fracture load of Mg/Cu-coated Ti joint reached 2314 N at the laser power of 1300 W, representing 85.7% joint efficiency when compared with Mg base metal. All specimens fractured at the interface. The feature of fracture surface at the laser power of 1100 W was characterized by overall smooth surface. Obvious tear ridge and Ti3Al particles were observed at the fracture surface with increase in laser power. It suggested atomic diffusion was accelerated with more heat input giving rise to the enhanced interfacial reaction and metallurgical bonding in direct irradiation zone, which determined the mechanical properties of the joint.

Removal of Cu(II) ions from contaminated waters using a conducting microfiltration membrane.

Science.gov (United States)

Wang, Xueye; Wang, Zhiwei; Chen, Haiqin; Wu, Zhichao

2017-10-05

Efficient removal of toxic metals using low-pressure membrane processes from contaminated waters is an important but challenging task. In the present work, a conducting microfiltration membrane prepared by embedding a stainless steel mesh in the active layer of a polyvinylidene fluoride membrane is developed to remove Cu(II) ions from contaminated waters. Results showed that the conducting membrane had favorable electrochemical properties and stability as cathode. Batch tests showed that Cu(II) removal efficiency increased with the increase of voltages and leveled off with the further enhancement of electric field. The optimal voltages were determined to be 1.0V and 2.0V for the influent Cu(II) concentrations of 5mg/L and 30mg/L, respectively. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction results demonstrated the presence of Cu(0) and Cu(OH) 2 on the membrane surface. The removal mechanisms involved the intrinsic adsorption of membrane, electrosorption of membrane, adsorption of deposited layer, chemical precipitation of Cu(OH) 2 and deposition of Cu(0) which were aided by electrophoresis and electrochemical oxidation-reduction. Long-term tests showed that the major contributors for Cu(II) removal were the deposition of Cu(0) by electrochemical reduction-oxidation (47.3%±8.5%) and chemical precipitation (41.1%±0.2%), followed by electrosorption, adsorption by the fouling layer and membrane intrinsic sorption. Copyright © 2017 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Abrasive wear behaviour of Al-Cu-Mg/palm kernel shell ash particulate composite

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Gambo Anthony VICTOR

2017-12-01

Full Text Available This paper presents a systematic approach to develop a wear model of Al-Cu-Mg/Palm kernel shell ash particulate composites (PKSAp produced by double stir-casting method. Four factors, five levels, central composite, rotatable design matrix was used to optimize the number of experiments. The factors considered were sliding velocity, sliding distance, normal load and mass fraction of PKSA reinforcement in the matrix. Response surface methodology (RSM was employed to develop the mathematical model. The developed regression model was validated by statistical software MINITAB and statistical tool such as analysis of variance (ANOVA. It was found that the developed regression model could be effectively used to predict the wear rate at 95% confidence level. The regression model indicated that the wear rate of cast Al-Cu-Mg/PKSAp composite decreased with an increase in the mass fraction of PKSA and increased with an increase of the sliding velocity, sliding distance and normal load acting on the composite specimen.

Wear behavioral study of as cast and 7 hr homogenized Al25Mg2Si2Cu4Ni alloy at constant load

Science.gov (United States)

Harlapur, M. D.; Sondur, D. G.; Akkimardi, V. G.; Mallapur, D. G.

2018-04-01

In the current study, the wear behavior of as cast and 7 hr homogenized Al25Mg2Si2Cu4Ni alloy has been investigated. Microstructure, SEM and EDS results confirm the presence of different intermetallic and their effects on wear properties of Al25Mg2Si2Cu4Ni alloy in as cast as well as aged condition. Alloying main elements like Si, Cu, Mg and Ni partly dissolve in the primary α-Al matrix and to some amount present in the form of intermetallic phases. SEM structure of as cast alloy shows blocks of Mg2Si which is at random distributed in the aluminium matrix. Precipitates of Al2Cu in the form of Chinese script are also observed. Also `Q' phase (Al-Si-Cu-Mg) be distributed uniformly into the aluminium matrix. Few coarsened platelets of Ni are seen. In case of 7 hr homogenized samples blocks of Mg2Si get rounded at the corners, Platelets of Ni get fragmented and distributed uniformly in the aluminium matrix. Results show improved volumetric wear resistance and reduced coefficient of friction after homogenizing heat treatment.

Effect of CeLa addition on the microstructures and mechanical properties of Al-Cu-Mn-Mg-Fe alloy

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Du, Jiandi; Ding, Dongyan; Xu, Zhou; Zhang, Junchao; Zhang, Wenlong; Gao, Yongjin; Chen, Guozhen; Chen, Weigao; You, Xiaohua; Chen, Renzong; Huang, Yuanwei; Tang, Jinsong

2017-01-01

Development of high strength lithium battery shell alloy is highly desired for new energy automobile industry. The microstructures and mechanical properties of Al-Cu-Mn-Mg-Fe alloy with different CeLa additions were investigated through optical microscopy (OM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Rietveld refinement and tensile testing. Experimental results indicate that Al 8 Cu 4 Ce and Al 6 Cu 6 La phases formed due to CeLa addition. Addition of 0.25 wt.% CeLa could promote the formation of denser precipitation of Al 20 Cu 2 Mn 3 and Al 6 (Mn, Fe) phases, which improved the mechanical properties of the alloy at room temperature. However, up to 0.50 wt.% CeLa addition could promote the formation of coarse Al 8 Cu 4 Ce phase, Al 6 Cu 6 La phase and Al 6 (Mn, Fe) phase, which resulted in weakened mechanical properties. - Highlights: •Al-Cu-Mn-Mg-Fe alloys with different CeLa addition were fabricated through casting and rolling. •Al 8 Cu 4 Ce and Al 6 Cu 6 La phases formed after CeLa addition. •Addition of 0.25 wt.% CeLa promoted formation of denser precipitates of Al 20 Cu 2 Mn 3 and Al 6 (Mn, Fe). •Mechanical properties of the alloy was improved after 0.25 wt.% CeLa addition.

Highly selective bimetallic Pt-Cu/Mg(Al)O catalysts for the aqueous-phase reforming of glycerol

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Boga, D.A.; Oord, R.; Beale, A.M.; Chung, Y.M.; Bruijnincx, P.C.A.; Weckhuysen, B.M.

2013-01-01

Monometallic Pt and bimetallic Pt-Cu catalysts supported on Mg(Al)O mixed oxides, obtained by calcination of the corresponding layered double hydroxides (LDHs), were prepared and tested in the aqueous-phase reforming (APR) of glycerol. The effect of the Mg/Al ratio and calcination temperature of the

Influence of heat treatment on corrosion behaviour of Al-Zn-Mg-Cu-Zr-Sc alloy

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Xiao, Y.P.; Liu, X.Y.; He, Y.B. [School of Materials Science and Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083 (China); Pan, Q.L. [School of Materials Science and Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083 (China); Key Laboratory of Nonferrous Materials Science and Engineering, Ministry of Education, Changsha 410083 (China); Li, W.B. [School of Materials Science and Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083 (China); School of Civil Engineering, Hunan City University, Yiyang 413000 (China)

2012-05-15

Corrosion behaviour of different tempers (namely NA, UA, PA and OA) of Al-Zn-Mg-Cu-Zr-Sc alloy was studied by potentiodynamic polarization, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), optical microscopy (OM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Over aged (OA) can decrease the susceptibility to exfoliation due to the discontinuous distribution of the {eta} precipitates at the grain boundaries, cause a negative shift of the corrosion potential (E{sub corr}), and lead to the prolonging of the time of the appearance of two time constants in impedance diagrams. In addition, Al-Zn-Mg-Cu-Zr-Sc alloy with over aged treatment has an enhanced resistance to exfoliation corrosion. (Copyright copyright 2012 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH and Co. KGaA, Weinheim)

Synthesis, structure, magnetic, electrical and electrochemical properties of Al, Cu and Mg doped MnO{sub 2}

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Hashem, Ahmed M., E-mail: ahmedh242@yahoo.com [National Research Centre, Inorganic Chemistry Department, Behoes St., Dokki, Cairo (Egypt); Institute for Complex Materials, IFW Dresden, Helmholtzstr. 20, D-01069 Dresden (Germany); Abuzeid, Hanaa M. [National Research Centre, Inorganic Chemistry Department, Behoes St., Dokki, Cairo (Egypt); Narayanan, N. [Institute for Complex Materials, IFW Dresden, Helmholtzstr. 20, D-01069 Dresden (Germany); Ehrenberg, Helmut [Institute for Complex Materials, IFW Dresden, Helmholtzstr. 20, D-01069 Dresden (Germany); Materials Science, Technische Universitaet Darmstadt, Petersenstr. 23, D-64287 Darmstadt (Germany); Julien, C.M. [Universite Pierre et Marie Curie, Physicochimie des Electrolytes, Colloides et Sciences Analytiques (PECSA), 4 place Jussieu, 75005 Paris (France)

2011-10-17

Highlights: {yields} Al, Mg and Cu doped MnO{sub 2} as cathode in Li-ion batteries. {yields} Pure phase MnO{sub 2} for virgin and doped MnO{sub 2} were obtained. {yields} Doping elements improve the electrical conductivity of MnO{sub 2}. {yields} Electrochemical behaviour of MnO{sub 2} improved after doping by Al, Mg and Cu. - Abstract: Pure and doped manganese dioxides were prepared by wet-chemical method using fumaric acid and potassium permanganate as raw materials. X-ray diffraction patterns show that pure and Al, Cu and Mg doped manganese dioxides (d-MnO{sub 2}) crystallized in the cryptomelane-MnO{sub 2} structure. Thermal analysis show that, with the assistance of potassium ions inside the 2 x 2 tunnel, the presence of Al, Cu and Mg doping elements increases the thermal stability of d-MnO{sub 2}. The electrical conductivity of d-MnO{sub 2} increases in comparison with pure MnO{sub 2}, while Al-doped MnO{sub 2} exhibits the lower resistivity. As shown in the magnetic measurements, the value of the experimental effective magnetic moment of Mn ions decreases with introduction of dopants, which is attributed to the presence of a mixed valency of high-spin state Mn{sup 4+}/Mn{sup 3+}. Doped MnO{sub 2} materials show good capacity retention in comparison with virgin MnO{sub 2}. Al-doped MnO{sub 2} shows the best electrochemical results in terms of capacity retention and recharge efficiency.

Leaching of hydrophobic Cu and Zn from discarded marine antifouling paint residues: Evidence for transchelation of metal pyrithiones

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Holmes, Luke; Turner, Andrew

2009-01-01

Leaching of Cu and Zn from a composite of discarded antifouling paint residues ([Cu] = 288 mg g -1 ; [Zn] = 96 mg g -1 ) into natural sea water has been studied over a period of 75 h. Total Cu and Zn were released according to a pseudo first-order reaction, with rate constants on the order of 0.3 and 2.5 (mg L -1 ) -1 h -1 , respectively, and final concentrations equivalent to the dissolution of about 8 and 2% of respective concentrations in the composite. Time-distributions of hydrophobic metals, determined by solid phase extraction-methanol elution, were more complex. Net release of hydrophobic Cu was greater in the absence of light than under a sequence of light-dark cycles; however, hydrophobic Zn release was not detected under the former conditions but contributed up to 50% of total aqueous Zn when light was present. These observations are interpreted in terms of the relative thermodynamic and photolytic stabilities of biocidal pyrithione complexes. - Hydrophobic Cu and Zn leached from antifouling paint particles into sea water appear to be pyrithione complexes.

Improving High-Temperature Tensile and Low-Cycle Fatigue Behavior of Al-Si-Cu-Mg Alloys Through Micro-additions of Ti, V, and Zr

Science.gov (United States)

Shaha, S. K.; Czerwinski, F.; Kasprzak, W.; Friedman, J.; Chen, D. L.

2015-07-01

High-temperature tensile and low-cycle fatigue tests were performed to assess the influence of micro-additions of Ti, V, and Zr on the improvement of the Al-7Si-1Cu-0.5Mg (wt pct) alloy in the as-cast condition. Addition of transition metals led to modification of microstructure where in addition to conventional phases present in the Al-7Si-1Cu-0.5Mg base, new thermally stable micro-sized Zr-Ti-V-rich phases Al21.4Si4.1Ti3.5VZr3.9, Al6.7Si1.2TiZr1.8, Al2.8Si3.8V1.6Zr, and Al5.1Si35.4Ti1.6Zr5.7Fe were formed. The tensile tests showed that with increasing test temperature from 298 K to 673 K (25 °C to 400 °C), the yield stress and tensile strength of the present studied alloy decreased from 161 to 84 MPa and from 261 to 102 MPa, respectively. Also, the studied alloy exhibited 18, 12, and 5 pct higher tensile strength than the alloy A356, 354 and existing Al-Si-Cu-Mg alloy modified with additions of Zr, Ti, and Ni, respectively. The fatigue life of the studied alloy was substantially longer than those of the reference alloys A356 and the same Al-7Si-1Cu-0.5Mg base with minor additions of V, Zr, and Ti in the T6 condition. Fractographic analysis after tensile tests revealed that at the lower temperature up to 473 K (200 °C), the cleavage-type brittle fracture for the precipitates and ductile fracture for the matrix were dominant while at higher temperature fully ductile-type fracture with debonding and pull-out of cracked particles was identified. It is believed that the intermetallic precipitates containing Zr, Ti, and V improve the alloy performance at increased temperatures.

Preparation of thermoluminescent dosimeters of LiF: Mg, Cu, P + Ptfe for environmental radiological monitoring and radiodiagnosis

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Ramirez L, A.

1996-01-01

The necessity of finding a thermoluminescent material for measuring gamma and X radiation in applications like environmental monitoring, personnel dosimetry and biomedical sciences (radiotherapy and radiodiagnosis), but with special characteristics such as low umbral detection, independence of the energy of radiation and equivalency with the tissue. This made us think in lithium fluoride activated with magnesium, copper and phosphorous (LiF: Mg, Cu, P). In this thesis I developed this material chips like shape embedded in polytetrafluoroethylene (LiF: Mg, Cu, P+Ptfe). The chapter 1 and 2 talk about the atom is conformed and the interaction of the radiation with the matter. The requirements of Tl material, types of dosimetry system, biological effects and units of measurements are discussed in chapter 3 as well as the recommended limits of the International Commission on Radiological Protection ICRP. Chapter 4 shows aspects of the thermoluminescence phenomenon and describes, at the same time, the determination of the most important thermoluminescent parameters (kinetic order, energy or trap depth and the frequency factor). Chapter 5 describes the major characteristics and properties of Tl materials and its requirements for dosimetric use. Chapter 6 deals with the preparations of LiF: Mg, Cu, P+Ptfe chips and some tests for improving its sensitivity, describes the dosimetric tests and requirements proposed by American National Standard Institute ANSI-N545 Like: umbral of detection, homogeneity, fading, repeatability, linearity, effects of UV and fluorescent light etc. Finally in chapter 7 I do a report about analysis of results, conclusions and some recommendations. (Author)

Feasibility of constructed wetland planted with Leersia hexandra Swartz for removing Cr, Cu and Ni from electroplating wastewater.

Science.gov (United States)

You, Shao-Hong; Zhang, Xue-Hong; Liu, Jie; Zhu, Yi-Nian; Gu, Chen

2014-01-01

As a low-cost treatment technology for effluent, the constructed wetlands can be applied to remove the heavy metals from wastewater. Leersia hexandra Swartz is a metal-accumulating hygrophyte with great potential to remove heavy metal from water. In this study, two pilot-scale constructed wetlands planted with L. hexandra (CWL) were set up in greenhouse to treat electroplating wastewater containing Cr, Cu and Ni. The treatment performance of CWL under different hydraulic loading rates (HLR) and initial metal concentrations were also evaluated. The results showed that CWL significantly reduced the concentrations of Cr, Cu and Ni in wastewater by 84.4%, 97.1% and 94.3%, respectively. High HLR decreased the removal efficiencies of Cr, Cu and Ni; however, the heavy metal concentrations in effluent met Emission Standard of Pollutants for Electroplating in China (ESPE) at HLR less than 0.3 m3/m2 d. For the influent of 5 mg/L Cr, 10 mg/L Cu and 8 mg/L Ni, effluent concentrations were below maximum allowable concentrations in ESPE, indicating that the removal of Cr, Cu and Ni by CWL was feasible at considerably high influent metal concentrations. Mass balance showed that the primary sink for the retention of contaminants within the constructed wetland system was the sediment, which accounted for 59.5%, 83.5%, and 73.9% of the Cr, Cu and Ni, respectively. The data from the pilot wetlands support the view that CWL could be used to successfully remove Cr, Cu and Ni from electroplating wastewater.

Effect of CeLa addition on the microstructures and mechanical properties of Al-Cu-Mn-Mg-Fe alloy

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Du, Jiandi [School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240 (China); Ding, Dongyan, E-mail: dyding@sjtu.edu.cn [School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240 (China); Xu, Zhou; Zhang, Junchao; Zhang, Wenlong [School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240 (China); Gao, Yongjin; Chen, Guozhen; Chen, Weigao; You, Xiaohua [Huafon NLM Al Co., Ltd, Shanghai 201506 (China); Chen, Renzong; Huang, Yuanwei; Tang, Jinsong [Shanghai Huafon Materials Technology Institute, Shanghai 201203 (China)

2017-01-15

Development of high strength lithium battery shell alloy is highly desired for new energy automobile industry. The microstructures and mechanical properties of Al-Cu-Mn-Mg-Fe alloy with different CeLa additions were investigated through optical microscopy (OM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Rietveld refinement and tensile testing. Experimental results indicate that Al{sub 8}Cu{sub 4}Ce and Al{sub 6}Cu{sub 6}La phases formed due to CeLa addition. Addition of 0.25 wt.% CeLa could promote the formation of denser precipitation of Al{sub 20}Cu{sub 2}Mn{sub 3} and Al{sub 6}(Mn, Fe) phases, which improved the mechanical properties of the alloy at room temperature. However, up to 0.50 wt.% CeLa addition could promote the formation of coarse Al{sub 8}Cu{sub 4}Ce phase, Al{sub 6}Cu{sub 6}La phase and Al{sub 6}(Mn, Fe) phase, which resulted in weakened mechanical properties. - Highlights: •Al-Cu-Mn-Mg-Fe alloys with different CeLa addition were fabricated through casting and rolling. •Al{sub 8}Cu{sub 4}Ce and Al{sub 6}Cu{sub 6}La phases formed after CeLa addition. •Addition of 0.25 wt.% CeLa promoted formation of denser precipitates of Al{sub 20}Cu{sub 2}Mn{sub 3} and Al{sub 6}(Mn, Fe). •Mechanical properties of the alloy was improved after 0.25 wt.% CeLa addition.

Chemically modified activated carbon with 1-acylthiosemicarbazide for selective solid-phase extraction and preconcentration of trace Cu(II), Hg(II) and Pb(II) from water samples.

Science.gov (United States)

Gao, Ru; Hu, Zheng; Chang, Xijun; He, Qun; Zhang, Lijun; Tu, Zhifeng; Shi, Jianping

2009-12-15

A new sorbent 1-acylthiosemicarbazide-modified activated carbon (AC-ATSC) was prepared as a solid-phase extractant and applied for removing of trace Cu(II), Hg(II) and Pb(II) prior to their determination by inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES). The separation/preconcentration conditions of analytes were investigated, including effects of pH, the shaking time, the sample flow rate and volume, the elution condition and the interfering ions. At pH 3, the maximum static adsorption capacity of Cu(II), Hg(II) and Pb(II) onto the AC-ATSC were 78.20, 67.80 and 48.56 mg g(-1), respectively. The adsorbed metal ions were quantitatively eluted by 3.0 mL of 2% CS(NH2)2 and 2.0 mol L(-1) HCl solution. Common coexisting ions did not interfere with the separation. According to the definition of IUPAC, the detection limits (3sigma) of this method for Cu(II), Hg(II) and Pb(II) were 0.20, 0.12 and 0.45 ng mL(-1), respectively. The relative standard deviation under optimum conditions is less than 4.0% (n=8). The prepared sorbent was applied for the preconcentration of trace Cu(II), Hg(II) and Pb(II) in certified and water samples with satisfactory results.

Ex Situ and Operando Studies on the Role of Copper in Cu-Promoted SiO2-MgO Catalysts for the Lebedev Ethanol-to-Butadiene Process

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Angelici, Carlo|info:eu-repo/dai/nl/345731506; Meirer, Florian; van der Eerden, Ad M. J.|info:eu-repo/dai/nl/304840483; Schaink, Herrick L.; Goryachev, Andrey; Hofmann, Jan P.|info:eu-repo/dai/nl/355351110; Hensen, Emiel J. M.; Weckhuysen, Bert M.|info:eu-repo/dai/nl/285484397; Bruijnincx, Pieter C. A.|info:eu-repo/dai/nl/33799529X

2015-01-01

Dehydrogenation promoters greatly enhance the performance of SiO2-MgO catalysts in the Lebedev process. Here, the effect of preparation method and order of addition of Cu on the structure and performance of Cu-promoted SiO2-MgO materials is detailed. Addition of Cu to MgO via incipient wetness

Insights into the CuO nanoparticle ecotoxicity with suitable marine model species.

Science.gov (United States)

Rotini, A; Gallo, A; Parlapiano, I; Berducci, M T; Boni, R; Tosti, E; Prato, E; Maggi, C; Cicero, A M; Migliore, L; Manfra, L

2018-01-01

Metal oxide nanoparticles, among them copper oxide nanoparticles (CuO NPs), are widely used in different applications (e.g. batteries, gas sensors, superconductors, plastics and metallic coatings), increasing their potential release in the environment. In aquatic matrix, the behavior of CuO NPs may strongly change, depending on their surface charge and some physical-chemical characteristics of the medium (e.g. ionic strength, salinity, pH and natural organic matter content). Ecotoxicity of CuO NPs to aquatic organisms was mainly studied on freshwater species, few tests being performed on marine biota. The aim of this study was to assess the toxicity of CuO NPs on suitable indicator species, belonging to the ecologically relevant level of consumers. The selected bioassays use reference protocols to identify Effect/Lethal Concentrations (E(L)C), by assessing lethal and sub-lethal endpoints. Mortality tests were performed on rotifer (Brachionus plicatilis), shrimp (Artemia franciscana) and copepod (Tigriopus fulvus). While moult release failure and fertilization rate were studied, as sub-lethal endpoints, on T. fulvus and sea urchin (Paracentrotus lividus), respectively. The size distribution and sedimentation rates of CuO NPs, together with the copper dissolution, were also analyzed in the exposure media. The CuO NP ecotoxicity assessment showed a concentration-dependent response for all species, indicating similar mortality for B. plicatilis (48hLC 50 = 16.94 ± 2.68mg/l) and T. fulvus (96hLC 50 = 12.35 ± 0.48mg/l), followed by A. franciscana (48hLC 50 = 64.55 ± 3.54mg/l). Comparable EC 50 values were also obtained for the sub-lethal endpoints in P. lividus (EC 50 = 2.28 ± 0.06mg/l) and T. fulvus (EC 50 = 2.38 ± 0.20mg/l). Copper salts showed higher toxicity than CuO NPs for all species, with common sensitivity trend as follows: P. lividus ≥ T. fulvus (sublethal endpoint) ≥ B. plicatilis >T. fulvus (lethal endpoint) >A. franciscana. CuO NP micrometric

Mechanical properties and fracture mechanism of as-cast Mg77TM12Zn5Y6 (TM = Cu, Ni) bulk amorphous matrix composites

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Qiu, K.Q.; Hu, N.N.; Zhang, H.B.; Jiang, W.H.; Ren, Y.L.; Liaw, P.K.

2009-01-01

Comparative investigations on the microstructures, thermal stability and mechanical properties of Mg 77 Cu 12 Zn 5 Y 6 and Mg 77 Ni 12 Zn 5 Y 6 bulk metallic glass matrix composites were carried out by using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), DSC and compressive tester. The results show that the microstructure of as-cast samples with 3 mm in diameter for Cu-containing alloy is consisted of Mg flakes and dotted Mg 2 Cu phase in the amorphous matrix, while the as-cast Ni-containing alloy with the same diameter is mainly consisted of Mg flakes in the amorphous matrix. The glass transition temperature and supercooled liquid region are 413 K and 27 K for the Cu-containing, 443 K and 32 K for the Ni-containing amorphous matrix composites, respectively. The fracture strength, yield strength and plastic strain are 532 MPa, 390 MPa and 2.4% for the Cu-containing alloy, 667 MPa, 412 MPa and 7% for the Ni-containing alloy, respectively. Furthermore, the fracture mechanism for the amorphous matrix composites was discussed according to both the fracture surfaces and the stress-strain curves.

To study the effect of calcinations durations and temperature on optical and structural properties of MgO-CuO nanocomposites

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Kumar, Rajesh, E-mail: rkkaushik06@gmail.com [Deptt. of Physics, M.D. University, Rohtak-124001, Haryana (India); Deptt. of Physics,Vaish College of Engineering, Rohtak-124001, Haryana (India); Praveen,; Sharma, Ashwani; Parmar, R.; Dahiya, S. [Deptt. of Physics, M.D. University, Rohtak-124001, Haryana (India); Kishor, N. [Deptt. of Physics, Central University of Haryana (India)

2016-05-06

The MgO-CuO nanocomposites has been synthesized by a sol-gel techniques based on precursor polyvinyl alcohol (PVA). In this work appropriate concentration of cupric nitrate, Magnisium nitrate and PVA are mixed with 50:50 ethanol water followed by heated to 80°C to form a homogeneous gel solution. The obtained gel was slowly heated at 100°C to evaporate the solvent to form a hard homogeneous gel. The hard gel was calcinated at temperature 600°C for 4 hrs and 6 hrs thereafter, crushed the material in agate-motar so that it is converted into fine powder form. The prepared nanocomposites have been characterized using X-Ray Diffraction (XRD), FTIR, UV-VIS spectroscopy, SEM etc. The size of MgO-CuO nanocomposites heated at 600°C for 4 hours and 6 hours evaluated by Debye Scherrer formula are 17.1 nm and 21.2 nm respectively and results show that Size of MgO-CuO nanocomposites increases with increase of calcinations durations. IR spectra is also used to determine purity of samples. Absorption spectra confirm the synthesis of nanomaterials. SEM images give the indication of morphology of the nanocomposites.

Tl response of LiF: Mg, Cu, P + PTFE (Mexico) and GR200A (China) dosemeters

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Gonzalez M, P.R.; Azorin N, J.; Furetta, C.

2003-01-01

TLD-100 was the commercial dosemeter more known since some decades ago. This dosemeter was considered for many research groups as the reference material for developing new Tl materials for ionizing radiation dosimetry. Actually it seems that TLD-100 is going to be replaced by the Chinese material GR200A, as reference material due that this material in addition to be considered as a tissue equivalent material, is 30 to 35 times more sensitive that TLD- 100. Results of the study of the Tl response of LiF: Mg, Cu, P + Ptfe developed at ININ-Mexico, comparing them with those of GR200A are presented. These results showed that the sensitivity (s = Tl intensity/weight x dose) to gamma radiation of the LiF: Mg, Cu, P + Ptfe dosimeters was 4.34 meanwhile that of the commercial dosemeter was 3.41. Detection threshold of the dosemeters studied was 2.22 and 0.52 μGy respectively Repeatability after 10 cycles Irradiation-reading-annealing was ±1.39% and ±1.86% respectively. Both types of dosemeters presented a linear response as a function of gamma radiation in the range from 0.02 mGy and 100 Gy. (Author)

Column dynamic studies and breakthrough curve analysis for Cd(II) and Cu(II) ions adsorption onto palm oil boiler mill fly ash (POFA).

Science.gov (United States)

Aziz, Abdul Shukor Abdul; Manaf, Latifah Abd; Man, Hasfalina Che; Kumar, Nadavala Siva

2014-01-01

This paper investigates the adsorption characteristics of palm oil boiler mill fly ash (POFA) derived from an agricultural waste material in removing Cd(II) and Cu(II) from aqueous solution via column studies. The performance of the study is described through the breakthrough curves concept under relevant operating conditions such as column bed depths (1, 1.5, and 2 cm) and influent metal concentrations (5, 10, and 20 mg/L). The Cd(II) and Cu(II) uptake mechanism is particularly bed depth- and concentration-dependant, favoring higher bed depth and lower influent metal concentration. The highest bed capacity of 34.91 mg Cd(II)/g and 21.93 mg Cu(II)/g of POFA was achieved at 20 mg/L of influent metal concentrations, column bed depth of 2 cm, and flow rate of 5 mL/min. The whole breakthrough curve simulation for both metal ions were best described using the Thomas and Yoon–Nelson models, but it is apparent that the initial region of the breakthrough for Cd(II) was better described using the BDST model. The results illustrate that POFA could be utilized effectively for the removal of Cd(II) and Cu(II) ions from aqueous solution in a fixed-bed column system.

Effect of solution heat treatment time on a rheocast Al-Zn-Mg-Cu alloy

CSIR Research Space (South Africa)

Mazibuko, NE

2011-06-01

Full Text Available During rheo-high pressure die casting (R-HPDC) of Al-Zn-Mg-Cu alloys a coarse eutectic phase is formed. This eutectic phase is difficult to take into solution because of its size and it would require longer solution heat treatment times...

Synthesis of Mg2Cu nanoparticles on carbon supports with enhanced hydrogen sorption kinetics

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Au, Y.S.; Ponthieu, M.; van Zwienen, M.; Zlotea, C.; Cuevas, F.; de Jong, K.P.; de Jongh, P.E.

2013-01-01

The reaction kinetics and reversibility for hydrogen sorption were investigated for supported Mg2Cu nanoparticles on carbon. A new preparation method is proposed to synthesize the supported alloy nanoparticles. The motivation of using a support is to separate the nanoparticles to prevent sintering

Loss of reserves of Cu in liver when Cu supplements are withdrawn from dairy herds in the Waikato region.

Science.gov (United States)

Hittmann, A R; Grace, N D; Knowles, S O

2012-03-01

To monitor the consequences of withdrawing mineral Cu supplements from two dairy herds with initially high concentrations of Cu in liver. Two herds were selected from dairy farms in the Waikato region of New Zealand that participated in an earlier survey of Cu supplementation practices and Cu status of dairy cows. The herds were fed pasture, grass and maize silage, plus palm kernel expeller (PKE) containing 25-30 mg Cu/kg dry matter (DM) fed at 2-4 kg/cow/day. No mineral Cu supplements were supplied from January 2009. Pasture samples were collected for mineral analysis in September 2008 and April 2009. Concentration of Cu in liver biopsies from the same 9-10 cows per herd was measured on three occasions between April 2009 and May 2010. Pastures on both farms contained 10 mg Cu/kg DM, 0.1-0.5 mg Mo/kg DM and 3.5-4.0 g S/kg DM. The initial herd mean concentrations of Cu in liver were 1,500 (SD 590) and 1,250 (SD 640) μmol Cu/kg fresh tissue. In the absence of mineral Cu supplements, those mean concentrations decreased over 12 months to 705 (SD 370) and 1,120 (SD 560) μmol Cu/kg fresh tissue, respectively. For cows in the first herd, the rate of depletion of liver Cu reserves was influenced by initial concentration of Cu, such that high concentration led to faster loss according to first-order kinetics. Mineral Cu supplementation was not necessary over 12 months for two dairy herds with mean concentrations of Cu in liver >1,250 μmol Cu/kg fresh tissue, grazing pastures containing 10 mg Cu/kg DM and concentrations of Mo <1 mg/kg DM. The quantity and particularly the duration of feeding PKE appeared to be a factor in whether or not the herd lost substantial reserves of Cu in liver during the year. However, the Cu status of both herds in this study was more than adequate to support late pregnancy and mating. CLINICAL REVELANCE: Copper status of the herd should be monitored and on-farm management of Cu nutrition should take into account all sources contributing to

Study of the developed precipitates in Al-0.63Mg-0.37Si-0.5Cu (wt.%) alloy by using DSC and TEM techniques

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Gaber, A. [Physics Department, Faculty of Science, Assiut University (Egypt)]. E-mail: gaberaf@acc.aun.edu.eg; Ali, A. Mossad [Physics Department, Faculty of Science, Assiut University (Egypt); Matsuda, K. [Faculty of Engineering, University of Toyama (Japan); Kawabata, T. [Faculty of Engineering, University of Toyama (Japan); Yamazaki, T. [Faculty of Engineering, University of Toyama (Japan); Ikeno, S. [Faculty of Engineering, University of Toyama (Japan)

2007-04-25

Heat treatable Al-Mg-Si containing Cu alloys can be strengthened by the precipitation of the nano-scale metastable precipitates. In order to follow the precipitation sequence in balanced Al-1 mass%Mg{sub 2}Si containing 0.5 mass%Cu during continuous heating, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) was performed. Analysis of non-isothermal DSC scans at various heating rates were carried out to evaluate the overall activation energies associated with the precipitation processes and, therefore, the mechanism of the developed precipitates has been characterized. The most important developed precipitates that assist the strength of the alloy are random, Q' and {beta}' precipitates. According to the obtained activation energies, the kinetics of the evolved Q'-precipitates could be controlled by the diffusion of Mg, Si and Cu in the crystal lattice of the alloy. Both conventional and high resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM) were utilized to confirm the obtained results.

Effect of Process Parameters on Fatigue and Fracture Behavior of Al-Cu-Mg Alloy after Creep Aging

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Lihua Zhan

2018-04-01

Full Text Available A set of creep aging tests at different aging temperatures and stress levels were carried out for Al-Cu-Mg alloy, and the effects of creep aging on strength and fatigue fracture behavior were studied through tensile tests and fatigue crack propagation tests. The microstructures were further analyzed by using scanning electron microscopy (SEM and transmission electron microscopy (TEM. The results show that temperature and stress can obviously affect the creep behavior, mechanical properties, and fatigue life of Al-Cu-Mg alloy. As the aging temperature increases, the fatigue life of alloy first increases, and then decreases. The microstructure also displays a transition from the Guinier-Preston-Bagaryatsky (GPB zones to the precipitation of S phase in the grain interior. However, the precipitation phases grow up and become coarse at excessive temperatures. Increasing stress can narrow the precipitation-free zone (PFZ at the grain boundary and improve the fatigue life, but overhigh stress can produce the opposite result. In summary, the fatigue life of Al-Cu-Mg alloy can be improved by fine-dispersive precipitation phases and a narrow PFZ in a suitable creep aging process.

Hardening mechanisms of spray formed Al-Zn-Mg-Cu alloys with scandium and other elemental additions

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Sharma, M.M.; Amateau, M.F.; Eden, T.J.

2006-01-01

The hardening mechanisms in spray formed Al-Zn-Mg-Cu alloys with additions of chromium, zinc and scandium were studied. The microstructure of the spray formed alloys was analyzed by transmission electron microscopy. A range of tensile strengths were achieved, and varied based on elemental additions, and second phase particle strengthening. To explain the significantly higher strength in one alloy with scandium, theoretical results due to the yield stress of Al-Zn-Mg-Cu alloys as a function of volume fraction and precipitate particle size, were compared to experimental data. Both the possibilities of coherency and order strengthening are examined. The significant additional hardening achieved in the alloy with scandium is attributed to small ordered particles of Al 3 Sc, which precipitated during aging

LEACHABILITY OF CHROME FROM MAGNESIA-CHROMITE REFRACTORY BRICKS CORRODED BY Cu/CuO- Na2O.2SiO2 SLAGS

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

David Medved

2015-06-01

Full Text Available The interactions of magnesia-chromite refractory brick with Cu-Na2O.2SiO2 and CuO-Na2O.2SiO2 melts are studied and the chemical durability of corrosion products in water is evaluated. The corrosion tests confirm intensive infiltration of the slag melts into the tested refractory bricks and formation of Cr(6+ compounds. The molten copper partially oxidizes during corrosion test by air and penetrates into bricks. Interactions among periclase (MgO and chromite (FeCr2O4 grains with the melt Na2O.2SiO2 and copper oxides makes possible to form several compounds (e.g. Cu2MgO3, CuCrO4, CaCrO4, Na2CrO4, MgCrO4. Just the marked yellow spots, which were observed on the corroded brick surface after 30 days of free storage, suggest hydration of the high-temperature corrosion products. The yellow color of spots points out to chromates as Na2CrO4 and MgCrO4, which are well soluble in water. The leaching of corroded bricks in water (batch leaching test of a ratio of S (solid : W (water = 0.1 taking up to 28 days confirmed the Cr, Na, Mg and Ca ions leach-out. The pH value of solution increased up to 9 during leaching mainly as a consequence of elevated Na+ ion concentration. The Cr ion concentration rises in the solution up to 1 mmol.l-1. The observed moderate decrease of Cr ion concentration in the solution with the length of leaching indicates super-saturation of the solution and precipitation of the products.

Imobilisasi Tembaga (Cu dan Netralisasi Aktivitas Ion Hidrogen (pH pada Limbah Cair Industri Peleburan Emas Dengan Batu Gamping (Limestone

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Onny Setiani

2016-01-01

Full Text Available The objectives of this research were to determine the effectiveness of  limestones in neutralizing hydrogen ion activity (pH, immobilizing cooper (Cu and to implement a waste water treatment process from the gold molten industry using a cost-effective method to prevent the environment contamination from hazardous wastes. Before  implementing technology, a preliminary study was done to determine a simple and cost effective  method to neutralize pH, immobilize and sedimentation of Copper (Cu  using limestones (CaCO3. The results of laboratory examination in preliminary study  showed that limestones may decrease the concentration of Cu from 23,070 mg/L to 0.711 mg/L, TDS from 30,302 mgLl to 18,289 mg/L and neutralize pH from 1.0-3.0 to 7.0. This research demonstrate that limestones may provide a cost effective method to immobilize  Cu and neutralize contaminated wastewater of the gold molten industry. Since the technology  is very simple, it is  suggested  to be used by home scale or  small industry to protect the environment from toxic waste pollution.   Keywords: Immobilizing cooper, lime stone, neutralization, waste water.

Pengaruh Penambahan Ni, Cu, dan Al dan Waktu Milling pada Mechanical Alloying Terhadap Sifat Absorpsi dan Desorpsi Mg sebagai Material Penyimpan Hidrogen

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Febrian Budi Pratama

2012-09-01

Full Text Available Mg merupakan salah satu material yang digunakan sebagai material penyimpan hidrogen dengan membentuk MgH2. Sifat absorpsi dan desorpsi hidrogen dari suatu metal hidrida salah satunya tergantung  pada bahan, unsur penambah, dan metode pembuatannya. Pada penelitian kali ini Mg sebagai material penyimpan hidrogen dihasilkan melalui metode mechanical alloying dengan unsur penambah Ni, Cu, dan Al dan variasi waktu milling 10, 20, 30 jam. Selanjutnya sampel dilakukan pengujian SEM, XRD, DSC, dan Uji hidrogenisasi. Dari data uji diperoleh bahwa meningkatnya waktu milling menurunkan ukuran partikel sehingga meningkatkan wt% hidrogen terabsorb dan menurunkan temperatur onset desorpsi. Namun efek aglomerasi dan coldwelding yang berlebih pada proses mechanical alloying mengakibatkan ukuran partikel menjadi lebih besar. Unsur pemadu Al dan Cu berfungsi sebagai katalis, sedangkan Ni berfungsi sebagai pemadu yang ikut bereaksi dengan hidrogen. Mg10wt%Al dengan waktu milling 20 jam mempunyai nilai weight percent terbaik H2 yaitu 0.38% dalam temperatur hidrogenisasi 2500C, tekanan 3 atm, dan waktu tahan 1 jam. Sedangkan Mg10wt%Al dengan waktu milling 30 jam memiliki temperatur onset paling rendah yaitu 341.490C Kata Kunci— Absorpsi, Desorpsi, Material Penyimpan Hidrogen, Mechanical Alloying, Mg

Effect of CuO Nanoparticles over Isolated Bacterial Strains from Agricultural Soil

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Concha-Guerrero, S.I.; Pinon-Castillo, H.A.; Luna-Velasco, A.; Orrantia-Borunda, E.; Brito, E.M.S.; Tarango-Rivero, S.H.; Caretta, C.A.; Duran, R.

2014-01-01

The increased use of the nanoparticles (NPs) on several processes is notorious. In contrast the eco toxicological effects of NPs have been scarcely studied. The main current researches are related to the oxide metallic NPs. In the present work, fifty-six bacterial strains were isolated from soil, comprising 17 different OTUs distributed into 3 classes: Bacilli (36 strains), Flavobacteria (2 strains), and Gamma proteobacteria (18 strains). Copper oxide nanoparticles (CuONPs) were synthesized using a process of chemical precipitation. The obtained CuONPs have a spherical shape and primary size less than 17 nm. Twenty-one strains were used to evaluate the cytotoxicity of CuONPs and 11 of these strains showed high sensibility. Among those 11 strains, 4 (Brevibacillus later osporus strain CSS8, Chryseobacterium indoltheticum strain CSA28, and Pantoea ananatis strains CSA34 and CSA35) were selected to determine the kind of damage produced. The CuONPs toxic effect was observed at expositions over 25 mg·L -1 and the damage to cell membrane above 160 mg·L -1 . The electron microscopy showed the formation of cavities, holes, membrane degradation, blebs, cellular collapse, and lysis. These toxic effects may probably be due to the ions interaction, the oxide-reduction reactions, and the generation of reactive species

Measurement of extremely low level dose with LiF(Mg,Cu,P) TL chips

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Zha Ziying; Wang Shoushan; Wu Fang; Chen Guolong; Li Yuanfang; Zhu Jianhuan

1986-01-01

This paper presents some of the dosimetric characteristics of newly developed LiF(Mg,Cu,P) TL chips with high signal-to-noise ratio for measurement at the 10 -7 to 10 -4 Gy dose level. Measuring techniques and optimum procedures for annealing and readout are also presented. (author)

Process of preparing superconductive oxide complexes containing L, Ba, Cu and O and method of using the same

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Salama, K.; Selvamanickam, V.

1995-01-01

A superconductor material having a current density, J, of from about 30,000 to about 85,000 amps/cm 2 at zero magnetic field and 77 K is disclosed. The 123 superconductor, of the formula L 1 Ba 2 Cu 3 O 6+δ wherein L is preferably yttrium, is capable of entrapping sufficiently high magnetic fields and exhibits a low microwave surface resistance. The process of preparing the superconductor comprises compacting the bulk product, L 1 Ba 2 Cu 3 O, and then sintering the reaction product at a temperature between about 40 C to about 90 C below its melting point, i.e., for Y 1 Ba 2 Cu 3 O 6+δ at a temperature of approximately 940 C. The composition is then heated in a preheated chamber maintained at approximately 1090 C to about 1,200 C (approximately 1,100 C for Y 1 Ba 2 Cu 3 O 6+δ ) until it has been decomposed, and is then rapidly cooled to a temperature between about 10 C to about 30 C above its melting point, i.e. for Y 1 Ba 2 Cu 3 O 6+δ a temperature of 1,030 C, and then is controlled cooled at a rate of 1 C/hr until it reaches a temperature of about 20 C to about 40 C below its melting point, i.e., for Y 1 Ba 2 Cu 3 O 6+δ a temperature of 980 C. The composition is steadily held at this temperature for at least eight hours, and then cooled to a temperature of approximately 400 C below its melting point (for Y 1 Ba 2 Cu 3 O 6+δ approximately a temperature of 600 C). The material is then slowly cooled by another 200 C and is then annealed in oxygen. 5 figs

Leaching of hydrophobic Cu and Zn from discarded marine antifouling paint residues: Evidence for transchelation of metal pyrithiones

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Holmes, Luke [School of Earth, Ocean and Environmental Sciences, University of Plymouth, Drake Circus, Plymouth PL4 8AA (United Kingdom); Turner, Andrew, E-mail: aturner@plymouth.ac.u [School of Earth, Ocean and Environmental Sciences, University of Plymouth, Drake Circus, Plymouth PL4 8AA (United Kingdom)

2009-12-15

Leaching of Cu and Zn from a composite of discarded antifouling paint residues ([Cu] = 288 mg g{sup -1}; [Zn] = 96 mg g{sup -1}) into natural sea water has been studied over a period of 75 h. Total Cu and Zn were released according to a pseudo first-order reaction, with rate constants on the order of 0.3 and 2.5 (mg L{sup -1}){sup -1} h{sup -1}, respectively, and final concentrations equivalent to the dissolution of about 8 and 2% of respective concentrations in the composite. Time-distributions of hydrophobic metals, determined by solid phase extraction-methanol elution, were more complex. Net release of hydrophobic Cu was greater in the absence of light than under a sequence of light-dark cycles; however, hydrophobic Zn release was not detected under the former conditions but contributed up to 50% of total aqueous Zn when light was present. These observations are interpreted in terms of the relative thermodynamic and photolytic stabilities of biocidal pyrithione complexes. - Hydrophobic Cu and Zn leached from antifouling paint particles into sea water appear to be pyrithione complexes.

Phase formation in as-solidified and heat-treated Al-Si-Cu-Mg-Ni alloys: Thermodynamic assessment and experimental investigation for alloy design

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Farkoosh, A.R., E-mail: amir.rezaeifarkoosh@mail.mcgill.ca [Department of Mining and Materials Engineering, McGill University, 3610 University, Aluminum Research Center - REGAL, Montreal, Quebec, Canada H3A 2B2 (Canada); Javidani, M. [Laval University, Department of Mining, Metallurgy and Materials Engineering, Aluminum Research Center - REGAL, 1065 Ave de la Medecine, Quebec, Canada G1V 0A6 (Canada); Hoseini, M. [Department of Mining and Materials Engineering, McGill University, 3610 University, Aluminum Research Center - REGAL, Montreal, Quebec, Canada H3A 2B2 (Canada); Larouche, D. [Laval University, Department of Mining, Metallurgy and Materials Engineering, Aluminum Research Center - REGAL, 1065 Ave de la Medecine, Quebec, Canada G1V 0A6 (Canada); Pekguleryuz, M. [Department of Mining and Materials Engineering, McGill University, 3610 University, Aluminum Research Center - REGAL, Montreal, Quebec, Canada H3A 2B2 (Canada)

2013-02-25

Highlights: Black-Right-Pointing-Pointer Phase formation in Al-Si-Ni-Cu-Mg-Fe system have been investigated. Black-Right-Pointing-Pointer T-Al{sub 9}FeNi, {gamma}-Al{sub 7}Cu{sub 4}Ni, {delta}-Al{sub 3}CuNi and {epsilon}-Al{sub 3}Ni are formed at different Ni levels. Black-Right-Pointing-Pointer Thermally stable Ni-bearing precipitates improved the overaged hardness. Black-Right-Pointing-Pointer It was found that Ni:Cu and Ni:Fe ratios control the precipitation. Black-Right-Pointing-Pointer {delta}-Al{sub 3}CuNi phase has more contribution to strength compare to other precipitates. - Abstract: Thermodynamic simulations based on the CALPHAD method have been carried out to assess the phase formation in Al-7Si-(0-1)Ni-0.5Cu-0.35Mg alloys (in wt.%) under equilibrium and non-equilibrium (Scheil cooling) conditions. Calculations showed that the T-Al{sub 9}FeNi, {gamma}-Al{sub 7}Cu{sub 4}Ni, {delta}-Al{sub 3}CuNi and {epsilon}-Al{sub 3}Ni phases are formed at different Ni levels. By analyzing the calculated isothermal sections of the phase diagrams it was revealed that the Ni:Cu and Ni:Fe ratios control precipitation in this alloy system. In order to verify the simulation results, microstructural investigations in as-cast, solution treated and aged conditions were carried out using electron probe microanalysis (EPMA), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Furthermore, cooling curve analysis (CCA) was also performed to determine the freezing range of the new alloys and porosity formation during solidification. Hardness measurements of the overaged samples showed that in this alloy system the {delta}-Al{sub 3}CuNi phase has a greater influence on the overall strength of the alloys compared to the other Ni-bearing precipitates.

The A1 to L10 transformation in FePt films with ternary alloying additions of Mg, V, Mn, and B

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Wang, B.; Barmak, K.; Klemmer, T. J.

2011-01-01

The impact of ternary additions of Mg, V, Mn, and B on the A1 [face centered cubic (fcc)] to L1 0 phase transformation has been studied. The films were cosputter deposited from elemental targets at room temperature and annealed after deposition. The films had Mg additions in the range ∼0-2.6 at.%, V additions in the range 0.7-12.2 at.%, Mn additions in the range 2.2-16.3 at.%, and B additions in the range 1.2-12.9 at.%. For all four ternary alloy systems, annealing resulted in the formation of no other phases than the L1 0 phase. Ternary additions of C than the binary FePt films with the same Pt content.

Ion Sensor Properties of Fluorescent Schiff Bases Carrying Dipicolylamine Groups. A Simple Spectrofluorimetric Method to Determine Cu (II) in Water Samples.

Science.gov (United States)

Vanlı, Elvan; Mısır, Miraç Nedim; Alp, Hakan; Ak, Tuğba; Özbek, Nurhayat; Ocak, Ümmühan; Ocak, Miraç

2017-09-01

Four fluorescent Schiff bases carrying dipicolylamine groups were designed and synthesized to determine their ion sensor properties in partial aqueous solution. The corresponding amine compound and the aldehyde compounds such as 1-naphthaldehyde, 9-anthraldehyde, phenanthrene-9-carboxaldehyde and 1-pyrenecarboxaldehyde were used to prepare the new Schiff bases. The influence of many metal cations and anions on the spectroscopic properties of the ligands was investigated in ethanol-water (1:1) by means of emission spectrometry. From the spectrofluorimetric titrations, the complexation stoichiometry and complex stability constants of the ligands with Cd 2+ , Zn 2+ , Cu 2+ and Hg 2+ ions were determined. The ligands did not interact with the anions. However, the Schiff base derived from phenanthrene-9-carboxaldehyde showed sensitivity for Cu 2+ among the tested metal ions. The phenanthrene-based Schiff base was used as analytical ligand for the simple and fast determination of Cu 2+ ion in water samples. A modified standard addition method was used to eliminate matrix effect. The linear range was from 0.3 mg/L to 3.8 μg/L. Detection and quantification limits were 0.14 and 0.43 mg/L, respectively. Maximum contaminant level goal (MCLG) for copper in drinking water according to EPA is 1.3 mg/L. The proposed method has high sensitivity to determine copper in drinking waters.

Superior high creep resistance of in situ nano-sized TiCx/Al-Cu-Mg composite.

Science.gov (United States)

Wang, Lei; Qiu, Feng; Zhao, Qinglong; Zha, Min; Jiang, Qichuan

2017-07-03

The tensile creep behavior of Al-Cu-Mg alloy and its composite containing in situ nano-sized TiC x were explored at temperatures of 493 K, 533 K and 573 K with the applied stresses in the range of 40 to 100 MPa. The composite reinforced by nano-sized TiC x particles exhibited excellent creep resistance ability, which was about 4-15 times higher than those of the unreinforced matrix alloy. The stress exponent of 5 was noticed for both Al-Cu-Mg alloy and its composite, which suggested that their creep behavior was related to dislocation climb mechanism. During deformation at elevated temperatures, the enhanced creep resistance of the composite was mainly attributed to two aspects: (a) Orowan strengthening and grain boundary (GB) strengthening induced by nano-sized TiC x particles, (b) θ' and S' precipitates strengthening.

Impacts of EDTA on uptake and accumulation of Cu 2+ by spinach ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

The effects of EDTA on Cu2+ uptake by spinach (spinacia oleracea L) seedlings replanted in hydroponic solutions in a greenhouse were investigated. Four week old seedlings were exposed to various doses of Cu2+ (0, 5, 10, 15, and 20mg/L) and constant concentration of EDTA (10mM). During the exposure, the plant ...

Hexagonal perovskites with cationic vacancies. 23. Rhombohedral 12 L stacking polytypes of type Ba/sub 3/LaBsup(II)Resup(VII)Wsup(VI)vacantO/sub 12/ with Bsup(II) = Mg, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Herrmann, M; Kemmler-Sack, S [Tuebingen Univ. (Germany, F.R.). Lehrstuhl fuer Anorganische Chemie 2

1980-11-01

The rhombohedral 12 L pervoskites with cationic vacancies of type Ba/sub 3/LaBsup(II)ReWvacantO/sub 12/ with Bsup(II) = Mg, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn are isotypic. According to intensity calculations on powder patterns of Ba/sub 3/LaZnReWvacantO/sub 12/ the series crystallize in the space group R-3m with the sequence (hhcc)/sub 3/; the refined, intensity related R' value is 5.7%. The octahedral net consists of blocks of three face connected octahedra with central void (ReWvacantO/sub 12/ units), which are linked via common corners through single octahedra, occupied by zinc.

Structurally characterized 1,1,3,3-tetramethylguanidine solvated magnesium aryloxide complexes: [Mg(mu-OEt)(DBP)(H-TMG)]2, [Mg(mu-OBc)(DBP)(H-TMG)]2, [Mg(mu-TMBA)(DBP)(H-TMG)]2, [Mg(mu-DPP)(DBP)(H-TMG)]2, [Mg(BMP)2(H-TMG)2], [Mg(O-2,6-Ph2C6H3)2 (H-TMG)2].

Science.gov (United States)

Monegan, Jessie D; Bunge, Scott D

2009-04-06

The synthesis and structural characterization of several 1,1,3,3-tetramethylguanidine (H-TMG) solvated magnesium aryloxide complexes are reported. Bu(2)Mg was successfully reacted with H-TMG, HOC(6)H(3)(CMe(3))(2)-2,6 (H-DBP), and either ethanol, a carboxylic acid, or diphenyl phosphate in a 1:1 ratio to yield the corresponding [Mg(mu-L)(DBP)(H-TMG)](2) where L = OCH(2)CH(3) (OEt, 1), O(2)CC(CH(3))(3) (OBc, 2), O(2)C(C(6)H(2)-2,4,6-(CH(3))(3)) (TMBA, 3), or O(2)P(OC(6)H(5))(2) (DPP, 4). Bu(2)Mg was also reacted with two equivalents of H-TMG and HOC(6)H(3)(CMe(3))-2-(CH(3))-6 (BMP) or HO-2,6-Ph(2)C(6)H(3) to yield [Mg(BMP)(2)(H-TMG)(2)] (5) and [Mg(O-2,6-Ph(2)C(6)H(3))(2)(H-TMG)(2)] (6). Compounds 1-6 were characterized by single-crystal X-ray diffraction. Polymerization of l- and rac-lactide with 1 was found to generate polylactide (PLA). A discussion concerning the relevance of compounds 2 - 4 to the structure of Mg-activated phosphatase enzymes is also provided. The bulk powders for all complexes were found to be in agreement with the crystal structures based on elemental analyses, FT-IR spectroscopy, and (1)H, (13)C and (31)P NMR studies.

Tl response of LiF: Mg, Cu, P+Ptfe at X rays of 24, 42 and 100 KeV

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Gonzalez M, P.R.; Tovar M, V.M.; Azorin N, J.; Furetta, C.; Quiroz C, M.C.

2005-01-01

In this work the obtained results of the irradiation of thermoluminescent dosemeters (Tl) of LiF: Mg,Cu,P + Ptfe with X rays for the effective radiation energy of 24, 42 and 100 keV, in an interval of Kerma in air in the sinus of the air between 0.05 and 1.0 Gy are presented. The rate of Kerma in air was determined with an ionization chamber PTW-1152, gauged by the Laboratoire Central des Industries Electriques (LCIE). As reference commercial TLD-100 dosemeters was used. The results showed that the studied Tl dosemeters presented a lineal response in the interval of mentioned Kerma. On the other hand the estimated Kerma with the Tl dosemeter in the calibration curves for X rays, were similar to the one measured with the previously gauged ionization chamber. The Tl of LiF: Mg, Cu, P + Ptfe, developed in the ININ, are highly reliable for X-ray dosimetry. (Author)

Influence of the core-hole effect on optical properties of magnesium oxide (MgO) near the Mg L-edge region.

Science.gov (United States)

Sinha, Mangalika; Modi, Mohammed H; Ghosh, Haranath; Yadav, P K; Gupta, R K

2018-05-01

The influence of the core-hole effect on optical properties of magnesium oxide (MgO) is established through experimental determination of optical constants and first-principles density functional theory studies. Optical constants (δ and β) of MgO thin film are measured in the spectral region 40-300 eV using reflectance spectroscopy techniques at the Indus-1 synchrotron radiation source. The obtained optical constants show strong core exciton features near the Mg L-edge region, causing significant mismatch with Henke's tabulated values. On comparing the experimentally obtained optical constants with Henke's tabulated values, an edge shift of ∼3.0 eV is also observed. Distinct evidence of effects of core exciton on optical constants (δ and β) in the near Mg L-edge absorption spectra are confirmed through first-principles simulations.

Screening and Evaluation of the Bioremediation Potential of Cu/Zn-Resistant, Autochthonous Acinetobacter sp. FQ-44 from Sonchus oleraceus L.

Science.gov (United States)

Fang, Qing; Fan, Zhengqiu; Xie, Yujing; Wang, Xiangrong; Li, Kun; Liu, Yafeng

2016-01-01

The quest for new, promising and indigenous plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria and a deeper understanding of their relationship with plants are important considerations in the improvement of phytoremediation. This study focuses on the screening of plant beneficial Cu/Zn-resistant strains and assessment of their bioremediation potential (metal solubilization/tolerance/biosorption and effects on growth of Brassica napus seedlings) to identify suitable rhizobacteria and examine their roles in microbes-assisted phytoremediation. Sixty Cu/Zn-resistant rhizobacteria were initially isolated from Sonchus oleraceus grown at a multi-metal-polluted site in Shanghai, China. From these strains, 19 isolates that were all resistant to 300 mg⋅L -1 Cu as well as 300 mg⋅L -1 Zn, and could simultaneously grow on Dworkin-Foster salt minimal medium containing 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid were preliminarily selected. Of those 19 isolates, 10 isolates with superior plant growth-promoting properties (indole-3-acetic acid production, siderophore production, and insoluble phosphate solubilization) were secondly chosen and further evaluated to identify those with the highest bioremediation potential and capacity for bioaugmentation. Strain S44, identified as Acinetobacter sp. FQ-44 based on 16S rDNA sequencing, was specifically chosen as the most favorable strain owing to its strong capabilities to (1) promote the growth of rape seedlings (significantly increased root length, shoot length, and fresh weight by 92.60%, 31.00%, and 41.96%, respectively) under gnotobiotic conditions; (2) tolerate up to 1000 mg⋅L -1 Cu and 800 mg⋅L -1 Zn; (3) mobilize the highest concentrations of water-soluble Cu, Zn, Pb, and Fe (16.99, 0.98, 0.08, and 3.03 mg⋅L -1 , respectively); and (4) adsorb the greatest quantities of Cu and Zn (7.53 and 6.61 mg⋅g -1 dry cell, respectively). Our findings suggest that Acinetobacter sp. FQ-44 could be exploited for bacteria-assisted phytoextraction

Seasonal variation of major elements (Ca, Mg) and trace metals (Fe, Cu, Zn, Mn) and cultured mussel Perna viridis L. and seawater in the Dona Paula Bay, Goa

Digital Repository Service at National Institute of Oceanography (India)

Rivonker, C.U.; Parulekar, A.H.

The major elements and trace metals were analysed from nussel tissue and the seawater taken from three depths (0, 5 and 9 meters) from the culture site. Range of variation in Ca, Mg, Fe, Cu, Zn and Mn were 226-399; 708-1329; 0.005-0.084; BDL-0...

Adsorption of multi-heavy metals Zn and Cu onto surficial sediments: modeling and adsorption capacity analysis.

Science.gov (United States)

Li, Shanshan; Zhang, Chen; Wang, Meng; Li, Yu

2014-01-01

Improved multiple regression adsorption models (IMRAMs) was developed to estimate the adsorption capacity of the components [Fe oxides (Fe), Mn oxides (Mn), organic materials (OMs), residuals] in surficial sediments for multi-heavy metal Zn and Cu. IMRAM is an improved version over MRAM, which introduces a computer program in the model developing process. As MRAM, Zn(Cu) IMRAM, and Cu(Zn) IMRAM again confirmed that there is significant interaction effects that control the adsorption of compounded Zn and Cu, which was neglected by additional adsorption model. The verification experiment shows that the relative deviation of the IMRAMs is less than 13%. It is revealed by the IMRAMs that Mn, which has the greatest adsorption capability for compounded Zn and Cu (54.889 and 161.180 mg/l, respectively), follows by interference adsorption capacity of Fe/Mn (-1.072 and -24.591 mg/l respectively). Zn and Cu influence each other through different mechanisms. When Zn is the adsorbate, compounded Cu mainly affects the adsorption capacities of Fe/Mn and Fe/Mn/OMs; while when Cu is the adsorbate, compounded Zn mainly exerts its effect on Mn, Fe/Mn, and Mn/OMs. It also shows that the compounded Zn or Cu weakened the interference adsorption of Fe/Mn, and meanwhile, strengthened the interference adsorption of Mn/OMs.

Clinical use of LiF:Mg,Cu,P: Critical evaluation of an ultrasensitive material for thermoluminescence dosimetry

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Duggan, Lisa

2002-01-01

Radiation dosimetry is an essential part of optimization in medical exposures. However there are medical procedures that are particularly challenging for existing dosimetric techniques: neonatal radiography (low dose), mammography (low energy), cardiac catheterization (moving radiation fields), and brachytherapy using implanted radionuclides (steep dose gradients). Hence, the objectives of this thesis were to study the dosimetric characteristics of ultrasensitive LiF:Mg,Cu,P thermoluminescence dosimeters (TLDs) in radiation beams typical for both diagnostics and therapy, and develop procedures to implement this dosimeter into clinical practice for those selected scenarios. GR-200 (SDDML, China) and MCP-N (TLD Poland) TLDs were compared to other TLD materials (LiF:Mg,Ti, Al 2 O 3 :C) and tested for reproducibility, dose response (1 μGy to 500 Gy), photon energy response (10 keV to 18 MVp), light sensitivity (240-800 nm), long-term stability (6 months) using different annealing cycles and glow curve deconvolution. A miniaturized TLD form (MCP-Np) was developed by TLD Poland for the present investigations. Detection limit of GR-200 and MCP-Np was found to be less than 1 and 8 μGy, respectively, with dose response linear up to 18 Gy. To obtain adequate detection limits and precision, accurate temperature calibration of heating cycles and a dual-anneal technique with dose history monitoring was performed. Energy response was similar for both materials within 5% and essentially uniform except for a minimum of 0.82 at 185 keV. LiF:Mg,Cu,P proved to be more suitable than LiF:Mg,Ti for dosimetry in low dose medical applications particularly when kilovoltage photons are to be used. The high sensitivity and resulting scope for miniaturization provided the opportunity to perform unique in vivo measurements within brachytherapy implants and for mammography

The effect of Cu{sup II} ions in L-asparagine single crystals

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Santana, Ricardo C., E-mail: santana@ufg.br; Gontijo, Henrique O.; Menezes, Arthur F.; Martins, José A.; Carvalho, Jesiel F., E-mail: carvalho@ufg.br

2016-11-15

We report the synthesis, crystal growth, and spectroscopic characterization of L-asparagine monohydrate (LAM) single crystals doped with CuII. The crystals were successfully grown by slow cooling from a supersaturated aqueous solution up to size of 16×12×2 mm{sup 3};the effect of copper impurities in the crystals morphology was discussed. Electron Paramagnetic Resonance (EPR) was used to calculate the g and hyperfine coupling (A) tensors of the CuII ions (g{sub 1}=2.044, g{sub 2}=2.105, g{sub 3}=2.383and A{sub 1}≈0, A{sub 2}=35, A{sub 3}=108 Gauss). The EPR spectra for certain orientations of the magnetic field suggest that CuII ions are coordinated to two {sup 14}N atoms. Correlating the EPR and optical absorption results, the crystal field and the Cu{sup II} orbital bond parameters were calculated. The results indicate that the paramagnetic center occupies interstitial rhombic distorted site and the ground orbital state for the unpaired electron is the d(x{sup 2}-y{sup 2}).

Growth and characterization of NixCu1-x alloy films, NixCu1-x/NiyCu1-y multilayers, and nanowires

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Kazeminezhad, I.

2001-12-01

It was found that it is possible to grow Ni x Cu 1-x alloy systems of arbitrary composition by electrodepositing well-defined sub-monolayer quantities of Ni and Cu in alternation using a new method based on that used previously to prepare potentiostatically deposited magnetic multilayers from a single sulphamate-based electrolyte. Following growth, the chemical composition of Ni x Cu 1-x alloy films was obtained by ZAF-corrected energy dispersive X-Ray (EDX) analysis and less than a 4% difference between the nominal and actual composition was observed. The structure of the films was investigated by high-angle X-ray diffractometry (HAXRD) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The films grown on polycrystalline Cu substrates had (100) texture, while those grown on Au-coated glass had (111) texture. Some evidence of Ni clustering was obtained by vibrating sample magnetometry (VSM). Self-organisation of the deposited metal was suggested for Ni potentials more positive than ∼-1.4V. The transition from a Ni/Cu multilayer to a Ni x Cu 1-x alloy was also studied and an interesting aspect, namely a plateau region in a plot of magnetisation as a function of Ni layer thickness was observed, suggesting a preferred Ni cluster size in these alloy films. Anisotropic magnetoresistance (AMR) of the films decreased with increasing Cu content at 300K and 77K. SQUID measurements for Ni 0.52 Cu 0.48 and Ni 0.62 CU 0.38 films showed that they become much more strongly ferromagnetic at low temperatures. Evidence for blocked -superparamagnetic behaviour above a blocking temperature (T B ) of the films was obtained from zero-field-cooled (ZFC) and field-cooled (FC) magnetic susceptibility measurements. Ni x Cu 1-x /Ni y Cu 1-y alloy/alloy multilayer films with short repeat distance were successfully fabricated using this method. Up to third order satellite peaks observed in HAXRD showed that the interface is sharp. Room temperature longitudinal magnetoresistance measurements showed

Tribological Properties of AlSi17Cu5Mg Alloy Modified with CuP Master Alloy with Various Speeds of Friction

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Piątkowski J.

2016-03-01

Full Text Available The paper presents the influence of modification with phosphorus (CuP10 on the tribological properties of the alloy AlSi17Cu5Mg coupled abrasively with cast-iron EN GJL-350. Tests of coefficient of friction and wear of mass were conducted on tribological tester T-01. An important aspect in the assessment of the tribological properties is the analysis of initial material microstructure in reference to silumin which underwent modification with phosphorus. It was found that the difference in structure of tested materials, mainly sizes of primary silicon crystals significantly influences the tribological properties whereas the speed change of the friction knot does not have such big influence.

Heap leaching of Cu contaminated soil with [S,S]-EDDS in a closed process loop

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Finzgar, Neza; Zumer, Alenka; Lestan, Domen

2006-01-01

Heap leaching of Cu contaminated soil (412 ± 11 mg kg -1 ) with 5 mmol kg -1 ethylenediamine disuccinate [S,S]-EDDS as a chelator was tested in a laboratory-scale soil column study. The washing solution was recycled in a closed process loop after microbial (using a microbially active permeable bed, composed of substrate and absorbent) and oxidative chemical (using combined ozonation and UV irradiation) degradation of metal-[S,S]-EDDS complexes and retention of released Cu on a commercial absorbent Slovakite. Heap leaching using the permeable bed removed 25.5 ± 3.6% of initial total Cu from the soil. Ozone/UV treatment of the [S,S]-EDDS washing solution removed much more, 47.5 ± 7.4%, of Cu. Both methods yielded a clear and colorless final (waste) washing solution, with 7.0 ± 10.0 and 2.6 ± 0.7 mg L -1 Cu (permeable bed and ozone/UV method, respectively). The results of our study indicate that chemical treatment of chelator washing solution with ozone/UV in a closed process loop could lead to the development of a new, efficient and environmentally safe remediation method with controllable Cu emissions

The use of a polymer inclusion membrane in a paper-based sensor for the selective determination of Cu(II).

Science.gov (United States)

Jayawardane, B Manori; Coo, Lilibeth dlC; Cattrall, Robert W; Kolev, Spas D

2013-11-25

A disposable paper-based sensor (PBS) is described for the determination of Cu(II) in natural and waste waters at approximately 2 cents per measurement. The device makes use of a polymer inclusion membrane (PIM) to provide the selectivity for Cu(II). The PIM consists of 40 wt% di(2-ethlyhexyl) phosphoric acid (D2EHPA) as the carrier, 10 wt% dioctyl phthalate (DOP) as a plasticizer, 49.5 wt% poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC) as the base polymer and 0.5 wt% (mm(-1)) 1-(2'-pyridylazo)-2-naphthol (PAN) as the colourimetric reagent. High selectivity under mildly acidic conditions (HCl, pH 2.0) is achieved for Cu(II) in the presence of frequently encountered metal ions in natural and waste waters such as Fe(III), Al(III), Zn(II), Cd(II), Pb(II), Ca(II), Mg(II), and Ni(II). The laminated PBS consists of a PIM sensing disc (2mm in diameter) attached to the centre of a circular hydrophilic zone (7 mm in diameter) pretreated with 0.01 M HCl. This hydrophilic zone separates the sample port (a circular hole in the plastic cover) from the PIM sensing disc. After introducing 19.2 μL of a sample/standard solution to the sample port, Cu(II) diffuses across the hydrophilic zone and is extracted into the PIM disc as the Cu(II)-D2EHPA complex which subsequently reacts with PAN to produce the red-purple coloured Cu(II)-PAN complex. The colour intensity of the PIM disc is measured 15 min after sample/standard introduction by scanning using a flatbed scanner. Under optimal conditions the device is characterized by a limit of detection (LOD) and limit of quantitation (LOQ) of 0.06 and 0.21 mg L(-1) Cu(II), respectively, with two linear ranges together covering the Cu(II) concentration range from 0.1 to 30.0 mg L(-1). The PBS was successfully applied to the determination of Cu(II) in hot tap water and mine tailings water. Copyright © 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Counter-current acid leaching process for the removal of Cu, Pb, Sb and Zn from shooting range soil.

Science.gov (United States)

Lafond, Stéphanie; Blais, Jean-François; Mercier, Guy; Martel, Richard

2013-01-01

This research explores the performance of a counter-current leaching process (CCLP) for Cu, Pb, Sb and Zn extraction in a polluted shooting range soil. The initial metal concentrations in the soil were 1790 mg Cu/kg, 48,300 mg Pb/kg, 840 mg Sb/kg and 368 mg Zn/kg. The leaching process consisted of five one-hour acid leaching steps, which used 1 M H2SO4 + 4 M NaCl (20 degrees C, soil suspension = 100 g/L) followed by two water rinsing steps. Ten counter-current remediation cycles were completed and the average metal removal yields were 98.3 +/- 0.3% of Cu, 99.5 +/- 0.1% of Pb, 75.5 +/- 5.1% of Sb and 29.1 +/- 27.2% of Zn. The quality of metal leaching did not deteriorate throughout the 10 remediation cycles completed for this study. The CCLP reduced acid and salt use by approximately 68% and reduced water consumption by approximately 60%, exceeding reductions achieved by a standard acid leaching process.

Glutathione-stabilized Cu nanoclusters as fluorescent probes for sensing pH and vitamin B1.

Science.gov (United States)

Luo, Yawen; Miao, Hong; Yang, Xiaoming

2015-11-01

Glutathione (GSH), playing roles as both a reducing reagent and protecting ligand, has been successfully employed for synthesizing Cu nanoclusters (CuNCs@GSH) on the basis of a simple and facile approach. The as-prepared CuNCs exhibited a fluorescence emission at 600nm with a quantum yield (QY) of approximately 3.6%. Subsequently, the CuNCs described here was employed as a broad-range pH sensor by virtue of the fluorescence intensity of CuNCs responding sensitively to pH fluctuating in a linear range of 4.0-12.0. Meanwhile, these prepared CuNCs were applied for detections of vitamin B1 (VB1) on the basis of positively charged VB1 neutralizing the negative surface charge of CuNCs, thus leading to the instability and aggregations of CuNCs, and further facilitating to quench their fluorescence. In addition, the proposed analytical method permitted detecting VB1 with a linear range of 2.0×10(-8)-1.0×10(-4) mol L(-1) as well as a detection limit of 4.6×10(-9) mol L(-1). Eventually, the practicability of this sensing approach was validated by assaying VB1 in human urine samples and pharmaceutical tablets, confirming its potential to broaden avenues for assaying VB1. Copyright © 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Features of dynamic strain aging in high strength Al-Zn-Mg-Cu alloy

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Peng Kaiping; Chen Wenzhe; Zhang Haoguo; Qian Kuangwu [Fuzhou Univ., Fujian (China)

1997-08-30

The present work investigates mainly the regulation and features of the occurrence of serrated yielding phenomenon of a high strength Al-Zn-Mg-Cu alloy LC4 under various heat treatments and loading conditions. The main results are: (1) In the serrated yielding temperature region a critical transition temperature T{sub t} exists. The critical plastic strain has a negative or positive temperature coefficient within the temperature region lower or higher than T{sub t}; (2) The reason for this phenomenon might be the existence of an absorbed resource which diminishes the pinning effect of solute atoms to mobile dislocations; (3) in the positive coefficient region two reverse thermal activation processes occur simultaneously. One is the solute atoms diffuse to the moving dislocations and pin the dislocations. The other one is the absorbed resource absorbs the solute and diminishes the pinning effect; (4) for LC4, the activation energy of the first process is equivalent to the diffusion activation energy of Mg in Al matrix and the second one is equivalent to that of the interface absorbed solute atoms. (orig.) 6 refs.

Bioaccumulation, toxicokinetics, and effects of copper from sediment spiked with aqueous Cu, nano-CuO, or micro-CuO in the deposit-feeding snail, Potamopyrgus antipodarum

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Pang, Chengfang; Selck, Henriette; Banta, Gary Thomas

2013-01-01

The present study examined the relative importance of copper (aqueous Cu and CuO particles of different sizes) added to sediment to determine the bioaccumulation, toxicokinetics, and effects in the deposit feeder Potamopyrgus antipodarum. In experiment 1, the bioaccumulation of Cu (240 mg Cu/g dr...

The potential of Lemna gibba L. and Lemna minor L. to remove Cu, Pb, Zn, and As in gallery water in a mining area in Keban, Turkey.

Science.gov (United States)

Sasmaz, Merve; Arslan Topal, Emine Işıl; Obek, Erdal; Sasmaz, Ahmet

2015-11-01

This study was designed to investigate removal efficiencies of Cu, Pb, Zn, and As in gallery water in a mining area in Keban, Turkey by Lemna gibba L. and Lemna minor L. These plants were placed in the gallery water of Keban Pb-Zn ore deposits and adapted individually fed to the reactors. During the study period (8 days), the plant and water samples were collected daily and the temperature, pH, and electric conductivity of the gallery water were measured daily. The plants were washed, dried, and burned at 300 °C for 24 h in a drying oven. These ash and water samples were analyzed by ICP-MS to determine the amounts of Cu, Pb, Zn, and As. The Cu, Pb, Zn and As concentrations in the gallery water of the study area detected 67, 7.5, 7230, and 96 μg L(-1), respectively. According to the results, the obtained efficiencies in L. minor L. and L. gibba L. are: 87% at day 2 and 36% at day 3 for Cu; 1259% at day 2 and 1015% at day 2 for Pb; 628% at day 3 and 382% at day 3 for Zn; and 7070% at day 3 and 19,709% at day 2 for As, respectively. The present study revealed that both L. minor L. and L. gibba L. had very high potential to remove Cu, Pb, Zn, and As in gallery water contaminated by different ores. Crown Copyright © 2015. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Hot cracks formation nature in welds Al-Mg-Li and Al-Cu-Li alloy systems

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Ryazantsev, V.I.; Fedoseev, V.A.

1997-01-01

Mechanism of cleavage formation in alloy systems Al-Mg-Li and Al-Cu-Li welds at thermal test is proposed. This mechanism is connected with stitching spacing and stretching in direction of main deformation of intermetallic compounds inclusions and with active gases movement into the liquid phase [ru

Bulk amorphous alloys: Preparation and properties of (Mg0.98Al0.02)x(Cu0.75Y0.25)100

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Eldrup, Morten Mostgaard; Pedersen, Allan Schrøder; Ohnuma, M.

2000-01-01

New bulk amorphous quaternary alloys of the composition (Mg1-xAlx)(60)Cu30Y10 (x = 0 - 0.17) were recently reported by the authors and preliminary results of the influence of Al content on the ability to form a bulk amorphous phase were presented. In the present note we extend this work to look...... for the influence of the Mg-Al content on the glass forming ability by studying a range of compositions, (Mg0.98Al0.02)(x)(Cu0.75Y0.25)(100-x) for x = 60 - 80 at.%. As previously, the alloys were prepared by a relatively simple technique, i.e. rapid cooling of the melt in a wedge-shaped copper mould. This method...... provides a range of cooling rates within a single ingot during the solidification that link the slowly and rapidly cooled microstructure for each alloy composition. Hence, the maximum thickness of the amorphous part of the cast material will be a measure of the glass forming ability (GFA) of the particular...

Exigência líquida de zinco, cobre e ferro para cordeiros em pastejo no semiárido = Net requirements of zinc, copper and iron to grazing lambs in semiarid

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Rodrigo de Souza Mendes

2010-07-01

Full Text Available Este trabalho teve por objetivo determinar as exigências líquidas de zinco (Zn, cobre (Cu e ferro (Fe de cordeiros Santa Inês em pastejo na região semiárida. Os animais com peso vivo entre 20 e 30 kg apresentaram conteúdo corporal no peso de corpo vazio (PCV para esses minerais de 60,26 a 76,37 mg kg-1, 10,78 a 16,72 mg kg-1 e 133,44 a 126,98 mg kg-1, respectivamente. Observou-se que com o aumento do PCV, as concentrações de Cu e Zn também aumentavam, enquanto a de Fe diminuía. As exigências líquidas para cordeiros em regime de pastejo variaram de 1,69 a 7,86 mg dia-1 para Cu e 7,20 a 27,4 mg dia-1 para Zn. Os resultados obtidos no presente trabalho, para exigências desses minerais, foram maiores do que as exigências dietéticas recomendadas pelo do NRC (1985, que são de 7 a 11 mg, com máximo de 25 mg e de 20 a 30 mg, com máximo de 750 mg kg-1 de alimento, para Cu e Zn, respectivamente. As exigências líquidas de Fe variaram de 8,46 a 26,66 mg dia-1, e portanto, menores do que as recomendadas pelo NRC (1985 para este mineral que são de 30 a 50 mg kg-1 de alimento.This work had as an aim determine the net requirements of Zinc (Zn, Copper (Cu and Iron (Fe of Santa Inês lambs raised grazing in the semi-arid area. Animals with body weight between 20 e 30 kg showed corporea contents in empty body weight (EBW in these minerals from 60.26 to 76.37 mg kg-1, 10.78 to 16.72 mg kg-1 and from 133.44 to126.98 mg kg-1, respectively. It was observed that increasing the PCV increased Cu and Zn concentration but decreased the Fe concentratiêson. The net requirements for lambs under pasture varied from 1.69 to 7.86 mg day-1 for Cu and from 7.20 to 27.4 mg day-1 for Zn. The results obtained in the present experiment suggest that the dietary requirements in Cu and Zn are higher than those recommended by NRC (1985, between 7 and 11 mg, with a maximum value of 25 mg for Cu and between 20 and 30 mg, with a maximum of 750 mg kg-1 of food for Zn

Dosimetry of beta particles using Li:Mg, Cu, P + Ptfe

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Olvera, L.; Azorin, J.; Rivera, T.

2003-01-01

This paper presents the experimental results of determining the thermoluminescence (Tl) response of LiF: Mg, Cu, P + Ptfe pellets excited with 90 Sr/ 90 Y beta radiation. The glow curve exhibited three peaks which appear at 121 C, 178 C and 217 C . Its relative sensitivity is 49 with respect to that of the TLD-100 dosemeter taken as a reference. The minimal dose that could be measured was 750 mGy. The Tl response as a function of dose was linear in the range of 0.7 mGy to 22.5 mGy. The study of the repeatability of the information contained in the pellets showed a standard deviation of 2 %. (Author)

Structure of as cast L12 compounds in Al3Zr-base alloys containing Cu and Mn

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Virk, I.S.; Varin, R.A.

1991-01-01

It was first shown that the low symmetry, tetragonal DO 23 crystal structure of Al 3 Zr intermetallic can be changed to the related cubic L1 2 crystal structure by alloying with Ni (Al 5 NiZr 2 ) and Cu(Al 5 CuZr 2 ). It has been reported that previous work has successfully modified Al 3 Zr with Fe, Cu, Cr and Ni obtaining nearly single phase materials with L1 2 structure. However, they only studied the microstructure and mechanical properties of Fe - modified intermetallic (Al-6at% Fe-25at% Zr). The purpose of the paper is to describe and interpret experimental observations on the microstructure of Al 5 CuZr 2 and Al 66 Mn 9 Zr 25 (at.%) modifications of base Al 3 Zr intermetallic. The one modified with Mn has not been reported in literature although its Al 3 Ti - base counterpart has recently been successfully produced (3, 4)

Enhanced chemiluminescence of the luminol–KMnO4 system by CuO nanosheets and its application for determination of meropenem in water and human serum

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Khataee, A.R.; Fathinia, M.; Hasanzadeh, A.; Iranifam, M.; Moradkhannejhad, L.

2014-01-01

CuO nanosheets were synthesized by an easy and green sonochemical method. It was found that, CuO nanosheets could significantly catalyze the chemiluminescence (CL) reaction of luminol–KMnO 4 in an alkaline condition. Based on this finding, a new CL system (luminol–KMnO 4 –CuO nanosheets) combined with flow injection analysis has been developed for the determination of meropenem for the first time. Moreover, the CL intensity was enhanced when meropenem was presented in the reaction system. Under the optimum conditions, the enhanced CL intensity was proportional to the concentration of meropenem in the ranges of 0.005–6.00 mg L −1 , with a detection limit (3σ) of 0.0036 mg L −1 . The precision of the method was calculated by analyzing samples containing 1.0 mg L −1 meropenem (n=11) and the relative standard deviation (RSD) was 1.7%. Also, a total analysis time per sample was 30 s which confirmed the rapidity of the proposed assay. The practicality of the proposed CL system was evaluated by determining meropenem in spiked environmental water samples and human serum. A discussion on the possible CL reaction mechanism was also presented. - Highlights: • CuO nanosheets (NSs) were successfully prepared by a green sonochemical method. • CuO NSs were found to be an excellent enhancer for luminol−KMnO 4 CL system. • Meropenem was determined using a novel luminol−KMnO 4 −CuO NSs flow injection CL system. • The enhancement mechanism of meropenem on the CL emission was proposed. • Appropriate sensitivity and selectivity were notable features of the proposed method

Purification and crystallization of human Cu/Zn superoxide dismutase recombinantly produced in the protozoan Leishmania tarentolae

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Gazdag, Emerich Mihai; Cirstea, Ion Cristian; Breitling, Reinhard; Lukeš, Julius; Blankenfeldt, Wulf; Alexandrov, Kirill

2010-01-01

The structures of two new crystal forms of human Cu/Zn superoxide dismutase produced in the eukaryotic expression host L. tarentolae are reported. The rapid and inexpensive production of high-quality eukaryotic proteins in recombinant form still remains a challenge in structural biology. Here, a protein-expression system based on the protozoan Leishmania tarentolae was used to produce human Cu/Zn superoxide dismutase (SOD1) in recombinant form. Sequential integration of the SOD1 expression cassettes was demonstrated to lead to a linear increase in expression levels to up to 30 mg per litre. Chromatographic purification resulted in 90% pure recombinant protein, with a final yield of 6.5 mg per litre of culture. The protein was crystallized and the structures of two new crystal forms were determined. These results demonstrate the suitability of the L. tarentolae expression system for structural research

Kinetic and thermodynamic aspects of Cu(II) and Cr(III) removal from aqueous solutions using rose waste biomass

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Iftikhar, Abdur Rauf; Bhatti, Haq Nawaz; Hanif, Muhammad Asif; Nadeem, Razyia

2009-01-01

Distillation waste of rose petals was used to remove Cu(II) and Cr(III) from aqueous solutions. The results demonstrated the dependency of metal sorption on pH, sorbent dose, sorbent size, initial bulk concentration, time and temperature. A dosage of 1 g/L of rose waste biomass was found to be effective for maximum uptake of Cu(II) and Cr(III). Optimum sorption temperature and pH for Cu(II) and Cr(III) were 303 ± 1 K and 5, respectively. The Freundlich regression model and pseudo-second-order kinetic model were resulted in high correlation coefficients and described well the sorption of Cu(II) and Cr(III) on rose waste biomass. At equilibrium q max (mg/g) of Cu(II) and Cr(III) was 55.79 and 67.34, respectively. The free energy change (ΔG o ) for Cu(II) and Cr(III) sorption process was found to be -0.829 kJ/mol and -1.85 kJ/mol, respectively, which indicates the spontaneous nature of sorption process. Other thermodynamic parameters such as entropy change (ΔS o ), enthalpy (ΔH o )and activation energy (ΔE) were found to be 0.604 J mol -1 K -1 , -186.95 kJ/mol and 68.53 kJ/mol, respectively for Cu(II) and 0.397 J mol -1 K -1 , -119.79 kJ/mol and 114.45 kJ/mol, respectively for Cr(III). The main novelty of this work was the determination of shortest possible sorption time for Cu(II) and Cr(III) in comparison to earlier studies. Almost over 98% of Cu(II) and Cr(III) were removed in only first 20 min at an initial concentration of 100 mg/L

Adsorption of Cd(II) and Cu(II) from aqueous solution by carbonate hydroxylapatite derived from eggshell waste

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Zheng Wei; Li Xiaoming; Yang Qi; Zeng Guangming; Shen Xiangxin; Zhang Ying; Liu Jingjin

2007-01-01

Carbonate hydroxylapatite (CHAP) synthesized by using eggshell waste as raw material has been investigated as metal adsorption for Cd(II) and Cu(II) from aqueous solutions. The effect of various parameters on adsorption process such as contact time, solution pH, amount of CHAP and initial concentration of metal ions was studied at room temperature to optimize the conditions for maximum adsorption. The results showed that the removal efficiency of Cd(II) and Cu(II) by CHAP could reach 94 and 93.17%, respectively, when the initial Cd(II) concentration 80 mg/L and Cu(II) 60 mg/L and the liquid/solid ratio was 2.5 g/L. The equilibrium sorption data for single metal systems at room temperature could be described by the Langmuir and Freundlich isotherm models. The highest value of Langmuir maximum uptake, (b), was found for cadmium (111.1 mg/g) and copper (142.86 mg/g). Similar Freundlich empirical constants, K, were obtained for cadmium (2.224) and copper (7.925). Ion exchange and surface adsorption might be involved in the adsorption process of cadmium and copper. Desorption experiments showed that CaCl 2 , NaCl, acetic acid and ultrasonic were not efficient enough to desorb substantial amount of metal ions from the CHAP. The results obtained show that CHAP has a high affinity to cadmium and copper

Method of thermoluminescent measurement of radiation doses from micrograys up to a megagray with a single LiF: Mg,Cu,P detector

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Obryk, B.; Bilski, P.; Olko, P.

2011-01-01

On the basis of the newly discovered behaviour of LiF:Mg,Cu,P detectors at high and ultra-high doses, a new method of thermoluminescence (TL) measurement of radiation doses ranging from micrograys up to a megagray, has been recently developed at the Inst. of Nuclear Physics (IFJ). The method is based on the relationship between the TL signal, integrated in the given temperature range and dose. It is quantified by a parameter called the 'ultra-high temperature ratio'. It has been demonstrated that this new method can measure radiation doses in the range of about 1 μGy to 1 MGy, using a single LiF:Mg,Cu,P detector. This method was recently successfully blindly tested for 10 MeV electrons up to doses of 200 kGy. It can be used for dosimetry in high-energy accelerators, especially in the Large Hadron Collider at CERN, and has great potential for accident dosimetry in particular. (authors)

Effect of Sintering Time on Superconducting Wire Bi-Pb-Sr-Ca-Cu-O With Dopant MgO Sheated Ag Using Powder in Tube Method

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Hariyati Lubis

2018-01-01

  DAFTAR PUSTAKA Abbas M.M., Abass L.K and Salman U., (2012, Influences of Sintering Time on the Tc of Bi2-xCuxPb0.3Sr2Ca2Cu3010+ High Temperature Superconductors, Energy Procedia 18, 215-224  Abbas, M.M., Abbas, L.K., Bahedh, H.S. 2015. Superconducting Properties of Bi2-SbxPb0,3Sr1,9Ba0,1Ca2Cu3O10+δ Compounds. Journal of Applied Science Research. 11. 22: 164-172 Darsono, N., Imaduddin, A., Raju, K., Yoon, D.H., (2015, Synthesis and Characterization of Bi1.6Pb0.4Sr2Ca2Cu3O7 Superconducting Oxide by High-Energy Milling, J Supercond Nov Magn. E. Chew,. (2010, Superconducting Transformer Design And Construction, University of Canterbury, Christchurch, New Zealand. March Hamadneh, I., Halim, S. A., dan Lee, C. K., (2006,  Characterization of Bi1.6Pb0.4Sr2Ca2Cu3Oy Ceramic Superconductor Prepared Via Coprecipitation Method at Different Sintering Time, J. Mater. Sci, 41: 5526-5530. Hermiz G.Y., Aljurani B.A., Beayaty M.A., (2014, Effect of Mn Substitution on the Superconducting Properties of Bi1.7Pb0,3Sr2Ca2-xMnxCu3O10+, International Journal Of Engineering and Advanced Technology (IJEAT. 3. 4: 213-217 John R Hull, (2003, Applications of high-temperature superconductors in power technology, Reports on Progress in Physics, Volume 66, Number 11 Lu, X.Y., Yi, D., Chen, H., Nagata, A. 2016. Effect of Sn, MgO and Ag2O mix-doping on the formation and superconducting properties of Bi-2223 Ag/tapes. Physics Procedia. 81: 129-132 Meretliev Sh., Sadykov K.B., Berkeliev A., (2000, Doping of High Temperature Superconductors, Turk J Phy.24: 39-48 Mohammed, N. H., Ramadhan A., Ali I. A., Ibrahim, I. H., dan Hassan, M. S, (2012, Optimizing the Preparation Conditions of Bi-2223 Superconducting Phase Using PbO and PbO2, Materials Sciences and Applications, 3: 224-233. Roumie, M., Marhaba, S., Awad R., Kork M., Hassan I., Mawassi R., (2014, Effect of Fe2O3 Nano-Oxide Addition on the Superconducting Properties of the (Bi,Pb-2223 Phase, Journal of Supercond Nov Magn, 27: 143-153 Serkan

Ultrasensitive Detection of Cu2+ Using a Microcantilever Sensor Modified with L-Cysteine Self-Assembled Monolayer.

Science.gov (United States)

Xu, Xiaohe; Zhang, Na; Brown, Gilbert M; Thundat, Thomas G; Ji, Hai-Feng

2017-10-01

A microcantilever was modified with a self-assembled monolayer (SAM) of L-cysteine for the sensitively and selectively response to Cu(II) ions in aqueous solution. The microcantilever undergoes bending due to sorption of Cu(II) ions. The interaction of Cu(II) ions with the L-cysteine on the cantilever is diffusion controlled and does not follow a simple Langmuir adsorption model. A concentration of 10 -10  M Cu(II) was detected in a fluid cell using this technology. Other cations, such as Ni 2+ , Zn 2+ , Pb 2+ , Cd 2+ , Ca 2+ , K + , and Na + , did not respond with a significant deflection, indicating that this L-cysteine-modified cantilever responded selectively and sensitively to Cu(II).

Removal of Cu2+ and turbidity from wastewater by mercaptoacetyl chitosan.

Science.gov (United States)

Chang, Qing; Zhang, Min; Wang, Jinxi

2009-09-30

A macromolecule heavy metal flocculant mercaptoacetyl chitosan (MAC) was prepared by reacting chitosan with mercaptoacetic acid. In preliminary experiments, the flocculation performance of MAC was evaluated by using wastewater containing Cu(2+) or/and turbidity. Some factors which affect the removal of Cu(2+) and turbidity were also studied. The experimental results showed that: (1) MAC can remove both Cu(2+) and turbidity from wastewater. The removal efficiency of Cu(2+) by using MAC combined with hydrolyzed polyacrylamide is higher than that by only using MAC, the removal efficiency of Cu(2+) reaches above 98%; (2) when water sample containing not only Cu(2+) but also turbidity-causing substance, the removal efficiency of both Cu(2+) and turbidity will be promoted by the cooperation effect of each other, the residual concentration of Cu(2+) reaches below 0.5 mg L(-1) and the turbidity reaches below 3NTU, Cu(2+) is more easily removed by MAC when turbidity is higher; (3) the removal efficiency of Cu(2+) increases with the increase in pH value, contrarily removal efficiency of turbidity decreases with the increase in pH value.

Dispersion strengthening of precipitation hardened Al-Cu-Mg alloys prepared by rapid solidification and mechanical alloying

Science.gov (United States)

Gilman, P. S.; Sankaran, K. K.

1988-01-01

Several Al-4Cu-1Mg-1.5Fe-0.75Ce alloys have been processed from either rapidly solidified or mechanically alloyed powder using various vacuum degassing parameters and consolidation techniques. Strengthening by the fine subgrains, grains, and the dispersoids individually or in combination is more effective when the alloys contain shearable precipitates; consequently, the strength of the alloys is higher in the naturally aged rather than the artificially aged condition. The strengths of the mechanically alloyed variants are greater than those produced from prealloyed powder. Properties and microstructural features of these dispersion strengthened alloys are discussed in regards to their processing histories.

Effect of Al2Cu precipitates size and mass transport on the polarisation behaviour of age-hardened Al-Si-Cu-Mg alloys in 0.05 M NaCl

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Vieira, A.C.; Pinto, A.M.; Rocha, L.A.; Mischler, S.

2011-01-01

Research highlights: → Influence of the size distribution of Al-Cu phases on the electrochemical behaviour of well defined alloys under controlled mass transport conditions (RDE). → Oxygen reduction occurs only the Al 2 Cu phases. → Thinner Al-Cu grains the oxygen reduction current deviates at high rotation rates from the Levich behaviour. - Abstract: The electrochemical behaviour of age-hardened Al-Si-Cu-Mg alloys was investigated in a 0.05 M NaCl solution under controlled mass transport conditions using a rotating disk electrode. This work aimed at getting better understanding of the effect of the alloy microstructure, in particular the size distribution of Al 2 Cu phase, on the corrosion behaviour of the alloy. Three different size distributions of the Al 2 Cu phase were obtained through appropriate heat treatments. The cathodic reduction of oxygen was found to occur mainly on the Al 2 Cu phases acting as preferential cathodes. Small sized Al 2 Cu phases were found to promote at high rotation rates a transition from a 4 electron to a 2 electron dominated oxygen reduction mechanisms.

Cu removal and response mechanisms of periphytic biofilms in a tubular bioreactor.

Science.gov (United States)

Ma, Lan; Wang, Fengwu; Yu, Yuanchun; Liu, Junzhuo; Wu, Yonghong

2018-01-01

This work studied Cu removal and response mechanisms of periphytic biofilms in a tubular bioreactor. Periphytic biofilms immobilized in a tubular bioreactor were used to remove Cu from wastewater with different Cu concentrations. Results showed that periphytic biofilms had a high removal efficiency (max. 99%) at a hydraulic retention time (HRT) of 12h under initial Cu concentrations of 2.0 and 10.0mgL -1 . Periphyton quickly adapted to Cu stress by regulating the community composition. Species richness, evenness and carbon metabolic diversity of the periphytic community increased when exposed to Cu. Diatoms, green algae, and bacteria (Gammaproteobacteria and Bacteroidia) were the dominant microorganisms and responsible for Cu removal. This study indicates that periphytic biofilms are promising in Cu removal from wastewater due to their strong adaptation capacity to Cu toxicity and also provides valuable information for understanding the relationships between microbial communities and heavy metal stress. Copyright © 2017 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Preparation of a high strength Al-Cu-Mg alloy by mechanical alloying and press-forming

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Tang Huaguo [State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Utilization, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022 (China); Cheng Zhiqiang [College of Resources and Environment, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118 (China); Liu Jianwei [State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Utilization, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022 (China); Ma Xianfeng, E-mail: xfma@ciac.jl.cn [State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Utilization, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022 (China)

2012-07-30

Highlights: Black-Right-Pointing-Pointer A high strength aluminum alloy of Al-2 wt.%Mg-2 wt.%Cu has been prepared by mechanical alloying and press-forming. Black-Right-Pointing-Pointer The alloy only consists of solid solution {alpha}-Al. Black-Right-Pointing-Pointer The grains size of {alpha}-Al was about 300 nm-5 {mu}m. Black-Right-Pointing-Pointer The solid solution strengthening and the grain refinement strengthening are the main reasons for such a high strength. - Abstract: A high strength aluminum alloy, with the ratio of 96 wt.%Al-2 wt.%Mg-2 wt.%Cu, has been prepared by mechanical alloying and press-forming. The alloy exhibited a high tensile strength of 780 MPa and a high microhardness of 180 HV. X-ray diffraction characterizations confirmed that the alloy only consists of a solid solution {alpha}-Al. Microstructure characterizations revealed that the grain size of {alpha}-Al was about 300 nm-5 {mu}m. The solid solution strengthening and the grain refinement strengthening were considered to be the reason for such a high strength.

Co-contamination of Cu and Cd in paddy fields: Using periphyton to entrap heavy metals

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Yang, Jiali [State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 71 East Beijing Road, Nanjing 210008 (China); College of Resource and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049 (China); Tang, Cilai [Department of Environmental Engineering, College of Hydraulic & Environmental Engineering, China Three Gorges University, Yichang 443002 (China); Wang, Fengwu [State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 71 East Beijing Road, Nanjing 210008 (China); School of Civil Engineering, East China Jiaotong University, 808 Shuang Gang East Road, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330013 (China); Wu, Yonghong, E-mail: yhwu@issas.ac.cn [State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 71 East Beijing Road, Nanjing 210008 (China)

2016-03-05

Highlights: • Periphyton was capable of simultaneously entrapping Cu and Cd from paddy fields. • Cu and Cd bioavailability decreased with time after exposure to periphyton. • Periodic adsorption–desorption was the main mechanism used to remove Cd and Cu. • Periphyton was able to adapt to steady accumulation of Cu and Cd. • The inclusion of periphyton will help entrap heavy metals in paddy fields. - Abstract: The ubiquitous native periphyton was used to entrap Cu and Cd from paddy fields. Results showed that Cu- and Cd-hydrate species such as CuOH{sup +}, Cu{sub 2}(OH){sub 2}{sup 2+}, CdOH{sup +}, and Cu{sub 3}(OH){sub 4}{sup 2+} decreased with time in the presence of periphyton. When the initial concentrations of Cu and Cd were 10 mg/L, the heavy metal content in the periphyton fluctuated from 145.20 mg/kg to 342.42 mg/kg for Cu and from 101.75 mg/kg to 236.29 mg/kg for Cd after 2 h exposure. The concentration of Cd in periphytic cells varied from 42.93 mg/kg to 174 mg/kg after 2 h. The dominant periphyton microorganism species shifted from photoautotrophs to heterotrophs during the exposure of periphyton to Cu and Cd co-contamination. Although Cu and Cd could inhibit periphyton photosynthesis and carbon utilization, the periphyton was able to adapt to the test conditions. Cu and Cd accumulation in rice markedly decreased in the presence of periphyton while the number of rice seeds germinating was higher in the periphyton treatments. These results suggest that the inclusion of native periphyton in paddy fields provides a promising buffer to minimize the effects of Cu and Cd pollution on rice growth and food safety.

Mechanical properties and fracture mechanism of as-cast Mg{sub 77}TM{sub 12}Zn{sub 5}Y{sub 6} (TM = Cu, Ni) bulk amorphous matrix composites

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Qiu, K.Q. [School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shenyang University of Technology, Shenyang 110178 (China)], E-mail: kqqiu@yahoo.com.cn; Hu, N.N.; Zhang, H.B. [School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shenyang University of Technology, Shenyang 110178 (China); Jiang, W.H. [Department of Materials Science and Engineering, The University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37990 (United States); Ren, Y.L. [School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shenyang University of Technology, Shenyang 110178 (China); Liaw, P.K. [Department of Materials Science and Engineering, The University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37990 (United States)

2009-06-10

Comparative investigations on the microstructures, thermal stability and mechanical properties of Mg{sub 77}Cu{sub 12}Zn{sub 5}Y{sub 6} and Mg{sub 77}Ni{sub 12}Zn{sub 5}Y{sub 6} bulk metallic glass matrix composites were carried out by using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), DSC and compressive tester. The results show that the microstructure of as-cast samples with 3 mm in diameter for Cu-containing alloy is consisted of Mg flakes and dotted Mg{sub 2}Cu phase in the amorphous matrix, while the as-cast Ni-containing alloy with the same diameter is mainly consisted of Mg flakes in the amorphous matrix. The glass transition temperature and supercooled liquid region are 413 K and 27 K for the Cu-containing, 443 K and 32 K for the Ni-containing amorphous matrix composites, respectively. The fracture strength, yield strength and plastic strain are 532 MPa, 390 MPa and 2.4% for the Cu-containing alloy, 667 MPa, 412 MPa and 7% for the Ni-containing alloy, respectively. Furthermore, the fracture mechanism for the amorphous matrix composites was discussed according to both the fracture surfaces and the stress-strain curves.

Evaluation of (64)Cu-labeled DOTA-D-Phe(1)-Tyr (3)-octreotide ((64)Cu-DOTA-TOC) for imaging somatostatin receptor-expressing tumors.