mexico las arenitas: Topics by WorldWideScience.org

Sample records for mexico las arenitas

An application of neural network in geophysical prospecting. Electrical resistivity at Las Virgenes geothermal field, Baja California Sur, Mexico; Una aplicacion de las redes neuronales a la prospeccion geofisica. Resistividad electrica en las Tres Virgenes, Baja California Sur, Mexico

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Palma Guzman, Sergio Hugo [Comision Federal de Electricidad, Morelia, Michoacan (Mexico)

2000-12-01

The technology of the neural network is presented with geophysical focus in the Las Virgenes geothermal field, Baja California Sur, Mexico. The results obtained when extrapolating the associative data of the prospecting magnetoteluria and Vertical Electric Sounding, on the area of the geothermal wells to the rest of the area, allows to classify zones of interest for the geothermal exploitation. Also, the use of these associative parameters with the information of the stabilized temperature of the wells, they allow to predict temperatures for the rest of the area. [Spanish] Se presenta una aplicacion de la tecnologia de las redes neuronales con enfoque geofisico en el campo geotermico de Las Virgenes, Baja California Sur, Mexico. Los resultados obtenidos al extrapolar los datos asociativos de las prospecciones geoelectricas de magnetoteluria y sondeos electricos verticales, en la zona de los pozos geotermicos al resto del area, permiten clasificar zonas de interes para la explotacion geotermica. Tambien, la utilizacion de estos parametros asociativos con la informacion de la temperatura estabilizada de los pozos, permiten predecir temperaturas para la misma area.
Penetration of the renewable sources of energy in Mexico: group of approach on the possible present and future obstacles for the renewable energies (Annexe 11 in 'A vision of year 2030 on the use of the renewable energies in Mexico'); Penetracion de las fuentes renovables de energia en Mexico: grupo de enfoque sobre los posibles obstaculos actuales y futuros para las energias renovables (Anexo 11 en 'Una vision al 2030 de la utilizacion de las energias renovables en Mexico')

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Pernudi, Montserrat; Alonso C, Antonio [Analitica Consultores S.A. de C.V., Mexico D.F. (Mexico)

2005-08-15

In this study it is analyzed the possible penetration of the renewable sources of energy in Mexico between today and year 2030. In this project are included as small renewable sources the hydroelectric ones (mini, smaller micro and less than of 20 MW), the geothermal, the solar energy, the wind energy and the biomass. This report corresponds to the results obtained in the group of consultation of experts on the present obstacles and future of the renewable energies in Mexico, made o May 24, 2005 in the Mexico City with a small group of approach that presented the objectives of the project, defined the main present obstacles and the possible future evolution for the penetration of the renewable sources of energy in Mexico. [Spanish] En este estudio se analiza la posible penetracion de las fuentes renovables de energia en Mexico entre hoy y el ano 2030. En dicho proyecto se incluyen como fuentes renovables a las pequenas hidroelectricas (micro y mini, menores de 20 MW), la geotermia, la energia solar, la energia eolica y la biomasa. Este informe corresponde a los resultados obtenidos en el grupo de consulta a expertos sobre los obstaculos presentes y futuros de las energias renovables en Mexico, realizado el 24 de mayo de 2005 en la ciudad de Mexico con un pequeno grupo de enfoque que presento los objetivos del proyecto, definio los principales obstaculos actuales y la posible evolucion futura para la penetracion de las fuentes renovables de energia en Mexico.
Aerosol Light Absorption and Scattering in Mexico City: Comparison With Las Vegas, NV, and Los Angeles, CA.

Science.gov (United States)

Paredes-Miranda, G.; Arnott, W. P.; Gaffney, J. S.; Marley, N. A.; Campbell, D.; Fujita, E.

2007-12-01

Aerosol light scattering and absorption measurements were deployed in and near Mexico City in March 2006 as part of the Megacity Impacts on Regional and Global Environments (MIRAGE). The primary site in Mexico City was an urban site at Instituto Mexicano del Petroleo (Mexican Oil Institute, denoted by IMP). Similar campaigns were held in Las Vegas, NV in January-February, 2003; and Los Angeles, CA at numerous sites during all seasons from 2003 through 2007. The IMP site gave in-situ characterization of the Mexico City plume under favorable wind conditions. The photoacoustic instrument (PAS) used at IMP operates at 532 nm, and conveniently allowed for characterization of gaseous absorption at this wavelength as well. Light scattering measurements are accomplished within the PAS by the reciprocal nephelometery method. In Mexico City the aerosol absorption coefficient typically varies between 20 and 180 Mm-1 during the course of the day and significant diurnal variation of the aerosol single scattering albedo was observed probably as a consequence of secondary aerosol formation. We will present the diurnal variation of the scattering and absorption as well as the single scattering albedo and fraction of absorption due to gases at the IMP site and compare with Las Vegas diurnal variation. Mexico City 'breaths' more during the course of the day than Las Vegas, Nevada in part because the latitude of Mexico City resulted in more direct solar radiation. Further insight on the meteorological connections and population dynamics will be discussed.
Penetration of the renewable sources of energy in Mexico: group of approach on possible guidelines for policies for the renewable energies (Annexe 13 in 'A vision of year 2030 on the use of the renewable energies in Mexico'); Penetracion de las fuentes renovables de energia en Mexico: grupo de enfoque sobre posibles lineamientos de politicas para las energias renovables (Anexo 13 en 'Una vision al 2030 de la utilizacion de las energias renovables en Mexico')

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Pernudi, Montserrat; Alonso C, Antonio [Analitica Consultores S.A. de C.V., Mexico D.F. (Mexico)

2005-08-15

This report corresponds to the results obtained in the group of consultation to experts on the possible policy guidelines that could favor the penetration of the renewable energies in Mexico, conducted on July 26, 2005 in Mexico City with a small group of approach, the specific objectives of the meeting were: to define possible policy guidelines that help the future penetration of the renewable energies in Mexico between years 2005 and 2030; and to explore possible obstacles for the implantation of such policies. [Spanish] Este informe corresponde a los resultados obtenidos en el grupo de consulta a expertos sobre los posibles lineamientos de politicas que podrian favorecer la penetracion de las energias renovables en Mexico, realizado el 26 de julio de 2005 en la ciudad de Mexico con un pequeno grupo de enfoque, los objetivos especificos de la reunion fueron: definir posibles lineamientos de politica que ayuden a la penetracion futura de las energias renovables en Mexico entre los anos 2005 y 2030; y explorar posibles obstaculos para la implantacion de dichas politicas.
Penetration of the renewable sources of energy in Mexico: group of approach on possible carrying future events for the renewable energies (Annexe 12 in 'A vision of year 2030 on the use of the renewable energies in Mexico'); Penetracion de las fuentes renovables de energia en Mexico: grupo de enfoque sobre posibles eventos portadores de futuro para las energias renovables (Anexo 12 en 'Una vision al 2030 de la utilizacion de las energias renovables en Mexico')

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Pernudi, Montserrat; Alonso C, Antonio [Analitica Consultores SA de CV, Mexico DF (Mexico)

2005-08-15

This report corresponds to the results obtained in the group of consultation to experts on possible events or carrying future events, that is to say, events that in happening could be determinant for the later evolution of the renewable energies in Mexico. Conducted on May 26, 2005 in Mexico City with a small group of approach, the objectives of the meeting were to define possible events or relevant carrying future events for the evolution of the renewable energies in Mexico between years 2005 and 2030 and, to explore the most relevant components of possible scenarios on the future evolution (2005-2030) of the renewable energies in Mexico. [Spanish] Este informe corresponde a los resultados obtenidos en el grupo de consulta a expertos sobre posibles eventos o sucesos portadores de futuro, esto es, eventos que de ocurrir podrian ser determinantes para la evolucion posterior de las energias renovables en Mexico, realizado el 26 de mayo de 2005 en la ciudad de Mexico con un pequeno grupo de enfoque. Los objetivos de la reunion: definir posibles eventos o sucesos portadores de futuro relevantes para la evolucion de las energias renovables en Mexico entre los anos 2005 y 2030 y, explorar los componentes mas relevantes de posibles escenarios sobre la evolucion futura (2005-2030) de las energias renovables en Mexico.
Penetration of the renewable sources of energy in Mexico: group of approach on possible guidelines for policies for the renewable energies (Annexe 13 in 'A vision of year 2030 on the use of the renewable energies in Mexico'); Penetracion de las fuentes renovables de energia en Mexico: grupo de enfoque sobre posibles lineamientos de politicas para las energias renovables (Anexo 13 en 'Una vision al 2030 de la utilizacion de las energias renovables en Mexico')

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Pernudi, Montserrat; Alonso C, Antonio [Analitica Consultores S.A. de C.V., Mexico D.F. (Mexico)

2005-08-15

This report corresponds to the results obtained in the group of consultation to experts on the possible policy guidelines that could favor the penetration of the renewable energies in Mexico, conducted on July 26, 2005 in Mexico City with a small group of approach, the specific objectives of the meeting were: to define possible policy guidelines that help the future penetration of the renewable energies in Mexico between years 2005 and 2030; and to explore possible obstacles for the implantation of such policies. [Spanish] Este informe corresponde a los resultados obtenidos en el grupo de consulta a expertos sobre los posibles lineamientos de politicas que podrian favorecer la penetracion de las energias renovables en Mexico, realizado el 26 de julio de 2005 en la ciudad de Mexico con un pequeno grupo de enfoque, los objetivos especificos de la reunion fueron: definir posibles lineamientos de politica que ayuden a la penetracion futura de las energias renovables en Mexico entre los anos 2005 y 2030; y explorar posibles obstaculos para la implantacion de dichas politicas.
The incandescent lamps in Mexico; are they really a beneficial technology?; Las lamparas incandescentes en Mexico: son realmente una tecnologia benefica?

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Ramirez Rivero, A. G. [Genertek, S.A. de C.V., Mexico, D. F. (Mexico)

1995-12-31

The versatility of the incandescent lamps has originated a sustained increment of its population all over the world. Because of its characteristics they continue being irreplaceable in numberless applications, that go from the movies up to the medicine. Nevertheless the greatest population are represented by the incandescent lamps A-19 with the well-known negative effects to the environment and the economy caused by the electric power generation by conventional methods. No doubt about it, the best option to substitute them are the compact fluorescent lamps (CFL), but the economical barriers, the market and the performance do not permit its massive application in Mexico. In this paper a proposal is set forth that might bring high benefits with a minimum investment and rapid implementation. [Espanol] La versatilidad de las lamparas incandescentes ha causado un incremento sostenido de su poblacion en todo el mundo. Dadas sus caracteristicas continua siendo insustituible en un sinnumero de aplicaciones, que van desde el cine hasta la medicina. Sin embargo, la mayor poblacion la representan las ineficientes lamparas incandescentes A19 con los consabidos efectos negativos en el medio ambiente y la economia, causados por la generacion de energia electrica por medios convencionales. Sin duda, la mejor opcion para sustituirlas son las lamparas compacto fluorescentes (LCF), pero las barreras economicas, de mercado y de desempeno no permiten su aplicacion masiva en Mexico. En este trabajo se hace una propuesta que puede permitir grandes beneficios con minima inversion y rapida implementacion.
The incandescent lamps in Mexico; are they really a beneficial technology?; Las lamparas incandescentes en Mexico: son realmente una tecnologia benefica?

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Ramirez Rivero, A G [Genertek, S.A. de C.V., Mexico, D. F. (Mexico)

1996-12-31

The versatility of the incandescent lamps has originated a sustained increment of its population all over the world. Because of its characteristics they continue being irreplaceable in numberless applications, that go from the movies up to the medicine. Nevertheless the greatest population are represented by the incandescent lamps A-19 with the well-known negative effects to the environment and the economy caused by the electric power generation by conventional methods. No doubt about it, the best option to substitute them are the compact fluorescent lamps (CFL), but the economical barriers, the market and the performance do not permit its massive application in Mexico. In this paper a proposal is set forth that might bring high benefits with a minimum investment and rapid implementation. [Espanol] La versatilidad de las lamparas incandescentes ha causado un incremento sostenido de su poblacion en todo el mundo. Dadas sus caracteristicas continua siendo insustituible en un sinnumero de aplicaciones, que van desde el cine hasta la medicina. Sin embargo, la mayor poblacion la representan las ineficientes lamparas incandescentes A19 con los consabidos efectos negativos en el medio ambiente y la economia, causados por la generacion de energia electrica por medios convencionales. Sin duda, la mejor opcion para sustituirlas son las lamparas compacto fluorescentes (LCF), pero las barreras economicas, de mercado y de desempeno no permiten su aplicacion masiva en Mexico. En este trabajo se hace una propuesta que puede permitir grandes beneficios con minima inversion y rapida implementacion.
The energy efficiency standards in Mexico; Las normas de eficiencia energetica en Mexico

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Pulido, Ybo [Comision Nacional para el Ahorro de Energia, Mexico, D.F. (Mexico)

2001-07-01

The Ley Federal sobre Metrologia y Normalizacion (Federal Law on Metrology and Standardization) that is in force since July 16, 1992, establishes that it corresponds to the agencies of the federal public administration, in its scope of competition, to constitute the National Consultative Committees of Standardization (CCNN) to issue Mexican Official Standards (NOM) on products, systems, processes, methods, facilities, services or activities, as well as to certify, verify and inspect its fulfillment. The NOM are of compulsory application because they have as finality the establishing of the characteristics and/or specifications, criteria and procedures that allow to protect and to promote the improvement of the environment and of the ecosystems, as well as the preservation of the natural resources. The Secretariat of Energy issues the NOM on energy efficiency, which are formulated by the National Consultative Committee of Standardization for the Preservation and Rational Use of Energy Resources (CCNNPURRE), which is presided over by the General Director of CONAE. The standardization of Energy Efficiency in Mexico has allowed savings, in the consumption of electrical and thermal energy, estimated for 2001 of 7,700 GWh and an avoided electrical power of 1 270 MW, which locates it as an important measure in the achievement of the objectives of the CONAE-CCNNPURRE, to conceive and to promote strategies and guidelines of action relative to the saving and efficient and rational use of the energy and as a consequence the preservation of the nonrenewable natural resources. [Spanish] La Ley Federal sobre Metrologia y Normalizacion que esta en vigor desde el 16 de julio de 1992, establece que corresponde a las dependencias de la administracion publica federal, en su ambito de competencia, constituir los Comites Consultivos Nacionales de Normalizacion (CCNN) para expedir Normas Oficiales Mexicanas (NOM) sobre productos, sistemas, procesos, metodos, instalaciones, servicios o
Problematic for the implementation of large-scale photovoltaic systems in Mexico, according to the enterprise perspective; Problematica para la implementacion masiva de sistemas fotovoltaicos en Mexico desde la perspectiva de las empresas

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Barquet Abad, Jose Luis [Asociacion Mexicana de Provedores de Energias Renovables A.C, San Luis Potosi, S.L.P (Mexico)

2007-06-15

This presentation gives the reasons why Mexico should implement photovoltaic systems. Then, there are described the weak points existing in the political sphere and in the Mexican culture by means of a comparison between this country and those countries that already use such systems. In the first part, there are given the reasons why neither investors nor Small and Medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) have yet presented any profitable photovoltaic system projects. Next, there are described the actions that have already been done in different foreign countries in order to foster the use of photovoltaic systems, in some cases, there are mentioned the positive results obtained, among there can be found: the incentive for development of renewable energy sources law and other special issues in the Dominican Republic, the Feed-In Tariff program of the European Union and of the Ontario, Canada; supports given by the State of California, US. Finally, there are described the reasons why Mexico would be one of the major leaders regarding to the production of renewable energy. [Spanish] Esta presentacion nos explican las razones por las que Mexico debe de implementar sistemas fotovoltaicos; ademas, describe los puntos endebles en la politica y en la cultura mexicana, haciendo una comparativa de resultados con los paises que ya estan utilizando estos sistemas. En la primera parte, se encontraran las razones por las que, hasta el momento, no hay proyectos rentables de sistemas fotovoltaicos por parte de inversionistas o de Pymes. Enseguida, se describen las acciones que han realizado diversos paises extranjeros para fomentar el uso de sistemas fotovoltaicos, mencionando en algunos casos los resultados positivos que se han obtenido, entre los que se encuentran: la Ley de incentivo a las energias renovables y regimenes especiales de la Republica Dominicana, Programa de tarifas Feed-in de la Union Europea y de Ontario, Canada; apoyos dados por parte del Estado de California, EU
Mexico's energy sector in year 2003 and 2004-2013 prospectives (Chapter 1 in 'A vision of year 2030 on the use of the renewable energies in Mexico'); El sector energia de Mexico en el 2003 y las prospectivas 2004-2013 (Capitulo 1 en 'Una vision al 2030 de la utilizacion de las energias renovables en Mexico')

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Mulas del Pozo, Pablo [Universidad Autonoma Metropolitana, Mexico, D.F. (Mexico)

2005-07-01

In this chapter, related to the energy sector of Mexico the following subjects are reviewed: the structure of the Mexican power sector, the energy balance, the reserves and the production of primary energy, the production and the infrastructure of the hydrocarbons sector, the infrastructure and the production of the electrical sector and, the projections to year 2013. [Spanish] En este capitulo, relacionado con el sector de energia de Mexico se tratan los siguientes temas: la estructura del sector energetico mexicano, el balance de energia, las reservas y la produccion de energeticos primarios, la produccion y la infraestructura del sector hidrocarburos, la infraestructura y la produccion del sector electrico y, las proyecciones al 2013.
The distributed generation in Mexico: Which are the new perspectives associated to the institutional reforms of the electrical sector?; La generacion distribuida en Mexico: Cuales son las nuevas perspectivas asociadas a las reformas institucionales del sector electrico?

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Islas Samperio, Jorge [Centro de Investigacion en Energia, Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico, Mexico, D.F. (Mexico); Menanteau, Philippe [Departamento de Economia y Politica de la Energia, Universidad Pierre Mendes France (France)

2004-06-15

Historically, the electrical systems were constituted from local networks of small scale that were added together progressively to benefit from the effects of a more abundant demand and of the economies of scale in generation, that authorize the large interconnected systems. This logic at the moment seems to show certain limits, the factors that influence these technologies can vary greatly from one country to another, but nevertheless it is found in different degrees certain constants such as the search for a greater reliability in the electrical supply, the putting into work prevention policies of climatic change or the reforms of the electrical sector. In this work the influence of these factors was examined insisting particularly on the consequences of the opening of the electrical sector, departing from an analysis of the international experience in a first time and later examining the case of Mexico in the context of the present energy situation and the debate of the energy reform. The distributed generation: a new vector of technological opportunities in the electrical sector, the barriers for the diffusion of the distributed generation: the lessons of the international experience, the institutional problematic of the distributed generation within the effective legal framework of Mexico. [Spanish] Historicamente, los sistemas electricos se constituyeron a partir de redes locales de pequena escala que se fueron agregando progresivamente para beneficiarse de los efectos de una demanda mas abundante y de las economias de escala en generacion que autorizan los grandes sistemas interconectados. Esta logica parece actualmente mostrar ciertos limites, los factores que influyen sobre estas tecnologias pueden variar grandemente de un pais al otro, pero se encuentra, sin embargo, a grados diferentes ciertas constantes tales como la busqueda de una confiabilidad mas grande en el aprovisionamiento electrico, la puesta en obra de politicas de prevencion de cambio
Characterization of pottery from Cerro de Las Ventanas, Zacatecas, Mexico

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Lopez-del-Rio, H.; Mireles-Garcia, F.; Mendez-Cardona, R.Y.; Nicolas-Caretta, M.; Speakman, R.J.; Glascock, M.D.

2009-01-01

With the aim of classifying prehispanic pottery from Cerro de Las Ventanas site, Juchipila, Zacatecas, Mexico, instrumental neutron activation analysis (INAA) was used to analyze ceramic samples at the University of Missouri Research Reactor Center. Thirty-two chemical elements were measured: Al, As, Ba, Ca, Ce, Co, Cr, Cs, Dy, Eu, Fe, Hf, K, La, Lu, Mn, Na, Nd, Rb, Sb, Sc, Sm, Sr, Ta, Tb, Ti, Th, U, V, Yb, Zn, and Zr. Two multivariate statistical methods, cluster analysis and principal component analysis, were performed on the dataset to examine similarities between samples and to establish compositional groups. The statistical analyses of the dataset suggest that the pottery samples form a unique chemically homogeneous group, with the exception of one pottery sample. The compositional data were compared to an existing Mesoamerican ceramic database. It was found that the newly generated data fit best with data from a previous chemical analysis of pottery from the Malpaso Valley. However, despite the apparent similarity, pottery samples from the site of Cerro de Las Ventanas represent a new and unique chemical fingerprint in the region. (orig.)
Characterization of pottery from Cerro de Las Ventanas, Zacatecas, Mexico

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Lopez-del-Rio, H.; Mireles-Garcia, F. [Unidad Academica de Estudios Nucleares, UAZ, Zacatecas (Mexico); Mendez-Cardona, R.Y. [Unidad Academica de Antropologia, UAZ, Zacatecas (Mexico); Nicolas-Caretta, M. [INAH Delegacion Zacatecas (Mexico); Coordinacion de Ciencias Sociales y Humanidades, UASLP, Fracc. Talleres, SLP (Mexico); Speakman, R.J. [Museum Conservation Inst., Smithsonian Institution, Suitland, MD (United States); Glascock, M.D. [Research Reactor Center, Univ. of Missouri, Columbia, MO (United States)

2009-09-15

With the aim of classifying prehispanic pottery from Cerro de Las Ventanas site, Juchipila, Zacatecas, Mexico, instrumental neutron activation analysis (INAA) was used to analyze ceramic samples at the University of Missouri Research Reactor Center. Thirty-two chemical elements were measured: Al, As, Ba, Ca, Ce, Co, Cr, Cs, Dy, Eu, Fe, Hf, K, La, Lu, Mn, Na, Nd, Rb, Sb, Sc, Sm, Sr, Ta, Tb, Ti, Th, U, V, Yb, Zn, and Zr. Two multivariate statistical methods, cluster analysis and principal component analysis, were performed on the dataset to examine similarities between samples and to establish compositional groups. The statistical analyses of the dataset suggest that the pottery samples form a unique chemically homogeneous group, with the exception of one pottery sample. The compositional data were compared to an existing Mesoamerican ceramic database. It was found that the newly generated data fit best with data from a previous chemical analysis of pottery from the Malpaso Valley. However, despite the apparent similarity, pottery samples from the site of Cerro de Las Ventanas represent a new and unique chemical fingerprint in the region. (orig.)
Spatial and temporal variability in fire occurrence within the Las Bayas Forestry Reserve, Durango, Mexico

Science.gov (United States)

S. A. Drury; T. T. Veblen

2008-01-01

Patterns of fire occurrence within the Las Bayas Forestry Reserve, Mexico are analyzed in relation to variability in climate, topography, and human land-use. Significantly more fires with shorter fire return intervals occurred from 1900 to 1950 than from 1950 to 2001. However, the frequency of widespread fire years (25% filter) was unchanged over time, as widespread...
A vision of year 2030 on the use of the renewable energies in Mexico; Una vision al 2030 de la utilizacion de las energias renovables en Mexico

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Mulas del Pozo, Pablo [Universidad Autonoma Metropolitana, Mexico, D.F. (Mexico)

2005-08-15

The Direccion General de Desarrollo Tecnologico of the Secretaria de Planeacion y Desarrollo (main directorate of technological development of the secretariat of planning and technological development) of the Secretaria de Energia (Sener), with the support of the World Bank performed a study, coordinated by Pablo Mulas del Pozo to analyze the possible penetration of the renewable energy sources in Mexico between today and year 2030. In this project are included as small renewable sources the small hydroelectric plants (mini, micro and smaller than 20 MW), the geothermal, the solar energy, the wind energy and the biomass. As part of this study three large lines of reflection are contemplated: (1) a bibliographical revision of the possible futures of the renewable energies, including some projections over the future evolution of the national power sector, and over the technological status of the same ones; (2) Projections on the possible future evolution of the national power sector and the possible penetration of the renewable sources of energy in it, using a simulation model (LEAP model); and (3) Groups of approach to consult experts on different aspects related to the possible future penetration of the renewable sources of energy in Mexico (especially, on present and future obstacles that face the renewable sources in our country, the possible carrying events of future which could modify the rate of penetration of these energies, and possible policy guidelines that could benefit the penetration of the same ones as of today). [Spanish] La Direccion General de Desarrollo Tecnologico de la Secretaria Planeacion y Desarrollo Tecnologico de la Sener, con el apoyo del Banco Mundial realizo un estudio, coordinado por el Pablo Mulas del Pozo, para analizar la posible penetracion de las fuentes renovables de energia en Mexico entre hoy y el ano 2030. En dicho proyecto se incluyen como fuentes renovables a las pequenas hidroelectricas (micro y mini, menores de 20 MW), la
Aerosol Light Absorption and Scattering at Four Sites in and Near Mexico City: Comparison with Las Vegas, Nevada, USA

Science.gov (United States)

Arnott, W. P.; Miranda, G. P.; Gaffney, J. S.; Marley, N. A.

2007-05-01

Four photoacoustic spectrometers (PAS) for aerosol light scattering and absorption measurements were deployed in and near Mexico City in March 2006 as part of the Megacity Impacts on Regional and Global Environments (MIRAGE). The four sites included: an urban site at Instituto Mexicano del Petroleo (Mexican Oil Institute, denoted by IMP); a suburban site at the Technological University of Tecamac; a rural site at "La Biznaga" ranch; and a site at the Paseo de Cortes (altitude 3,810 meters ASL) in the rural area above Amecameca in the State of Mexico, on the saddle between the volcanoes Popocatepetl and Iztaccihuatl. A similar campaign was held in Las Vegas, Nevada, USA in January-February, 2003. The IMP site gave in-situ characterization of the Mexico City plume under favorable wind conditions while the other sites provided characterization of the plume, mixed in with any local sources. The second and third sites are north of Mexico City, and the fourth site is south. The PAS used at IMP operates at 532 nm, and conveniently allowed for characterization of gaseous absorption at this wavelength as well. Instruments at the second and third sites operate at 870 nm, and the one at the fourth site at 780 nm. Light scattering measurements are accomplished within the PAS by the reciprocal nephelometery method. In the urban site the aerosol absorption coefficient typically varies between 20 and 180 Mm-1 during the course of the day and significant diurnal variation of the aerosol single scattering albedo was observed probably as a consequence of secondary aerosol formation. Comparisons with TSI nephelometer scattering at the T0 site will be presented. We will present the diurnal variation of the scattering and absorption as well as the single scattering albedo and fraction of absorption due to gases at the IMP site and compare with Las Vegas diurnal variation. Mexico City 'breaths' more during the course of the day than Las Vegas, Nevada in part because the latitude of
Reinterpretation of the stratigraphy and structure of the Rancho Las Norias area, central Sonora, Mexico

Science.gov (United States)

Page, W.R.; Harris, A.G.; Poole, F.G.; Repetski, J.E.

2003-01-01

New geologic mapping and fossil data in the vicinity of Rancho Las Norias, 30 km east of Hermosillo, Sonora, Mexico, show that rocks previously mapped as Precambrian instead are Paleozoic. Previous geologic maps of the Rancho Las Norias area show northeast-directed, southwest-dipping reverse or thrust faults deforming both Precambrian and Paleozoic rocks. The revised stratigraphy requires reinterpretation of some of these faults as high-angle normal or oblique-slip faults and the elimination of other faults. We agree with earlier geologic map interpretations that compressional structures have affected the Paleozoic rocks in the area, but our mapping suggests that the direction of compression is from southeast to northwest. Published by Elsevier Ltd.
Energy security. Reflection about the challenges and the alternatives for Mexico; Seguridad energetica. Reflexion en torno a los retos y las alternativas para Mexico

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Melgar, Lourdes; Velasco Ibarra, Enrique [Secretaria de Energia (Sener) (Mexico)

2007-04-15

The two current major topics of the international discussion are the energy security and the world warming. Since 2005, it is searched to go forward with regard to the design of the alternative policies, which at the same time make possible both to assure the energy supply and to restrict the emissions. Mexico, therefore, is appealed both to assume its international leadership to confront the challenges of being a country with a consumer profile. [Spanish] La seguridad energetica y el cambio climatico son hoy temas centrales del debate internacional. A partir de 2005, se busca avanzar en el diseno de politicas alternativas que permitan a la vez asegurar el abasto energetico y limitar las emisiones. Mexico esta llamado a asumir su liderazgo internacional y a enfrentar los desafios de pais con perfil de consumidor.
A Tale of two Cities: Photoacoustic and Aethalometer Measurements Comparisons of Light Absorption in Mexico City and Las Vegas, NV, USA

Science.gov (United States)

Paredes-Miranda, G.; Arnott, W. P.; Marley, N. A.; Gaffney, J. S.

2007-05-01

As part of the Megacity Impacts on Regional and Global Environments, MIRAGE-Mex deployment to Mexico City in the period of 30 days, March 2006, a suite of photoacoustic spectrometers (PAS; W. Arnott & G. Paredes), nephelometer scattering, and aetholemeter absorption instruments (N. Marley & J.Gaffney) were installed to measure at ground level the light absorption and scattering by aerosols at the urban site at Instituto Mexicano del Petroleo (Mexican Oil Institute, denoted by IMP). This IMP site gave in-situ characterization of the Mexico City plume under favorable wind conditions. The PAS used at IMP operates at 532 nm, and conveniently allowed for characterization of gaseous absorption at this wavelength as well. Light scattering measurements are accomplished within the PAS by the reciprocal nephelometery method. In the urban site the aerosol absorption coefficient typically varies between 20 and 180 Mm-1 during the course of the day and significant diurnal variation of the aerosol single scattering albedo was observed. The Las Vegas, NV site was located at East Charleston Street on January-February, 2003. In east Las Vegas typical westerly winds carry the city plume across the site. Comparisons of PAS aerosol light absorption and aetholemeter absorption measurements at 521 nm at both Las Vegas NV and Mexico City sites will be presented. We will also present a broad overview of the diurnal variation of the scattering and absorption as well as the single scattering albedo and fraction of absorption due to gases at the sites in relation to secondary aerosol formation.

Geochemical characteristics of water from the reservoir of the hydrothermal system of Las Tres Virgenes, Baja California Sur, Mexico; Caracteristicas geoquimicas de las aguas del reservorio del sistema hidrotermal actual de Las Tres Virgenes, Baja California Sur, Mexico

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Gonalez Partida, Eduardo [Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico (Mexico); Tello Hinojosa, Enrique [Comision Federal de Electricidad (Mexico); Pal Verma, Mahendra [Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas (Mexico)

2001-03-01

The Las Tres Virgenes geothermal field is a liquid dominated system. The separated produced by the wells are sodium-chloride type, which is a characteristic of totally equilibrated geothermal brine. The temperature of water-rock interaction in the reservoir is 280 Celsius degrees. the chemical composition of gases corresponds to the one expected in a geothermal environment. The CO{sub 2} is the predominating gas and it is superior in 90% in weight to the total of existing gases. The gas contents is less than 1% in weight, in the case of the wells LV-1 and LV-3. It is also possible to conclude that the gases are in equilibrium with the liquid phase at a temperature of 280 Celsius degrees. With respect to water quality, it is saline, from high to very high and the contents of exchangeable sodium is also very high, resulting in waters not fit for agricultural usage. [Spanish] El yacimiento geotermico de Las Tres Virgenes, en Baja California Sur, Mexico, es un sistema de liquido dominante, en donde el agua separada producida por los pozos presenta un caracter clorurado-sodico caracteristico de una salmuera de origen geotermico totalmente equilibrada. El sistema agua-roca se encuentra en equilibrio a una temperatura de 280 grados centigrados , dicha temperatura son congruentes con las estimadas para las fases gaseosas y liquidas. La composicion quimica de los gases corresponde a la esperada en un ambiente geotermico. El CO{sub 2} es el predominante y es superior a 90% en peso del total de los gases presentes. El contenido de gas es menor de 1% en peso en el caso de los pozos LV-1 y LV-3. Tambien se puede concluir que los gases estan en equilibrio en las fases liquidas a una temperatura de 280 grados centigrados. Con respecto a la calidad del agua, presenta una salinidad de alta a muy alta y el contenido de sodio intercambiable tambien es muy alto, por lo que dichas aguas no son muy aptas para el cultivo.
Las Tierras de Nuevo Mexico. [The Lands of New Mexico.

Science.gov (United States)

Swadesh, Frances Leon; And Others

New Mexico was inhabited thousands of years ago. Each group of settlers saw the land in distinct ways. For some, its beauty consisted of its quality, the abundance of water, and the hope of a good harvest. For others, its beautiful sites were of more importance. Thus, each group established its own manner of living on the land and of using it.…
The daylight saving time in Mexico; El cambio de horario durante la epoca del verano en Mexico

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Covarrubias Ramos, Rogelio [Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas, Cuernavaca (Mexico)

1996-12-31

The daylight saving time in Mexico for energy saving is analyzed; such a change is made forwarding the clocks one hour in all Mexico the first Sunday of April and backing them an hour the last Sunday of October. Mention is made the reasons why Mexico adopted this measure, the social-economic impact that brings along and the benefits of this daylight saving time. The case of countries that also apply this measure is analyzed. It is expected that this measure attains benefits for the society either collectively or individually through the ecology and the economy. [Espanol] Se analiza el cambio de horario en la epoca de verano en Mexico para ahorrar energia; dicho cambio se realiza al adelantar una hora al reloj en todo el territorio de Mexico el primer domingo de abril y retrazarlo una hora el ultimo domingo de octubre. Se mencionan las razones por las cuales Mexico adopto esta medida, el impacto socio-economico que traera consigo y los beneficios del cambio de horario. Se aborda la situacion de los paises que tambien aplican esta medida. Se espera que esta medida logre beneficios para la sociedad, ya sea en modo colectivo o individual, para la ecologia y para la economia.
The daylight saving time in Mexico; El cambio de horario durante la epoca del verano en Mexico

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Covarrubias Ramos, Rogelio [Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas, Cuernavaca (Mexico)

1997-12-31

The daylight saving time in Mexico for energy saving is analyzed; such a change is made forwarding the clocks one hour in all Mexico the first Sunday of April and backing them an hour the last Sunday of October. Mention is made the reasons why Mexico adopted this measure, the social-economic impact that brings along and the benefits of this daylight saving time. The case of countries that also apply this measure is analyzed. It is expected that this measure attains benefits for the society either collectively or individually through the ecology and the economy. [Espanol] Se analiza el cambio de horario en la epoca de verano en Mexico para ahorrar energia; dicho cambio se realiza al adelantar una hora al reloj en todo el territorio de Mexico el primer domingo de abril y retrazarlo una hora el ultimo domingo de octubre. Se mencionan las razones por las cuales Mexico adopto esta medida, el impacto socio-economico que traera consigo y los beneficios del cambio de horario. Se aborda la situacion de los paises que tambien aplican esta medida. Se espera que esta medida logre beneficios para la sociedad, ya sea en modo colectivo o individual, para la ecologia y para la economia.
Radionuclides in redistributed sediments and ash from the Las Conchas fire in Northern New Mexico

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Matteson, B.S.; Oldham, Jr.W.J.

2013-01-01

The 2011 Las Conchas fire burned 632 km 2 of ponderosa pine forests and pinon-juniper woodlands in the Jemez Mountains in north central New Mexico. In the weeks following the fire, heavy rainfall caused extensive flooding and erosion of surface soil and ash from the affected areas. Samples from mud and ash flows were collected and analyzed for 137 Cs and Pu, which were originally deposited as global fallout during the era of atmospheric nuclear testing. The mean concentrations for 238 Pu, 239,240 Pu and 137 Cs were 0.18 ± 0.05, 4.16 ± 1.95, and 111 ± 56 mBq/g, respectively. 239,240 Pu and 137 Cs are significantly elevated above non-fire affected regional background levels. (author)
Projections of demand of natural gas in Mexico; Proyecciones de demanda de gas natural en Mexico

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Quintanilla Martinez, Juan [Programa Universitario de Energia, UNAM (Mexico)

1996-07-01

The projections of demand of energy for Mexico, in the global and regional scope, for period 1992-2020 are presented. The projections are based on the use of a simulation model built in the University Program of Energy of the Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico (UNAM), which allows to project the demand in the short and medium term of the primary and final energy. Projections of the demands of energy or for fuels by sectors and subsectors are obtained in accordance with different scenarios of growth. Particularly the demand of natural gas is analyzed, both, as energy and as raw material for the petrochemical industry, and as fuel oil, under different scenarios of economic growth and policies of environmental character. [Spanish] Se presentan las proyecciones de demanda de energia para Mexico, en el ambito global y regional, para el periodo 1992-2020. Las proyecciones estan basadas en el uso de un modelo de simulacion construido en el Programa Universitario de Energia de la Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico (UNAM), el cual permite proyectar la demanda de energia primaria y final en el corto y mediano plazos. Se obtienen proyecciones de las demandas de energia por sectores y subsectores o por combustibles de acuerdo con diferentes escenarios de crecimiento. En particular se analiza la demanda de gas natural, tanto como energetico como materia prima para la petroquimica, y combustoleo bajo diferentes escenarios de crecimiento economico y politicas de caracter ambiental.
Problems with the polychlorinated biphenyls (PCB) in Mexico; Problematica de los bifenilos policlorados (BPC) en Mexico

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Valle, Esteban; Cruz, Maria Guadalupe [Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas, Cuernavaca (Mexico)

1997-12-31

A general overview is presented of the problems with the polychlorinated biphenyls (PCB) (askarels) in Mexico, which are mainly associated with the use of these substances in electric equipment; also, a profile of the causes why the PCBs have been classified as environmental toxic substances and a potential hazard for the health of human beings. [Espanol] Se presenta un panorama general de la problematica de bifenilos policlorados (BPC) (askareles) en Mexico, la cual esta asociada principalmente con el uso de estos compuestos en equipos electricos; asimismo, se describe una semblanza de las causas por las cuales se han catalogado a los BPC como sustancias toxicas ambientales y un peligro potencial para la salud de los seres humanos.
Problems with the polychlorinated biphenyls (PCB) in Mexico; Problematica de los bifenilos policlorados (BPC) en Mexico

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Valle, Esteban; Cruz, Maria Guadalupe [Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas, Cuernavaca (Mexico)

1998-12-31

A general overview is presented of the problems with the polychlorinated biphenyls (PCB) (askarels) in Mexico, which are mainly associated with the use of these substances in electric equipment; also, a profile of the causes why the PCBs have been classified as environmental toxic substances and a potential hazard for the health of human beings. [Espanol] Se presenta un panorama general de la problematica de bifenilos policlorados (BPC) (askareles) en Mexico, la cual esta asociada principalmente con el uso de estos compuestos en equipos electricos; asimismo, se describe una semblanza de las causas por las cuales se han catalogado a los BPC como sustancias toxicas ambientales y un peligro potencial para la salud de los seres humanos.
Penetration of the renewable sources of energy in Mexico: group of approach to determine the exogenous parameters of the LEAP simulation model (Annexe 10 in 'A vision of year 2030 on the use of the renewable energies in Mexico'); Penetracion de las fuentes renovables de energia en Mexico: grupo de enfoque para determinar los parametros exogenos del modelo de simulacion LEAP (Anexo 10 en 'Una vision al 2030 de la utilizacion de las energias renovables en Mexico')

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Pernudi, Montserrat; Alonso C, Antonio [Analitica Consultores S.A. de C.V., Mexico D.F. (Mexico)

2005-08-15

The LEAP simulation model requires the values of some exogenous variables: At international level, the population increase, the economic growth and the international oil prices; at domestic level, the population increase, the economic growth, the energy intensity, the elasticity of demand of energy-price, and the elasticity of energy demand-gross national product. The use of the LEAP model for the estimation of the penetration of the renewable energies in Mexico comprises of the requirements established in the study. To estimate the future long term values of variables as the exogenous ones required by this model by means of expert opinion can be, given the nature of same, equally or more complicated and speculative than to directly consider the future rates of penetration of the renewable energies. In order to reflect on the future values of these variables a group of approach with experts was integrated. [Spanish] El modelo de simulacion LEAP requiere los valores de algunas variables exogenas: A nivel internacional, el crecimiento demografico, el crecimiento economico y los precios internacionales del petroleo; a nivel nacional, el crecimiento demografico, el crecimiento economico, la intensidad energetica, la elasticidad de demanda de energia-precio, y la elasticidad de demanda de energia-producto interno bruto. El uso del modelo LEAP para la estimacion de la penetracion de las energias renovables en Mexico forma parte de los requerimientos establecidos en el estudio. Estimar los futuros valores a largo plazo de variables como las exogenas requeridas por dicho modelo mediante opinion experta puede resultar, dada la naturaleza de las mismas, tan o mas complicado y especulativo que estimar las futuras tasas de penetracion de las energias renovables directamente. Para reflexionar sobre los futuros valores de dichas variables se integro un grupo de enfoque con expertos.
Cambio y continuidad en las elecciones municipales del Estado de México, 1996-2015 /Change and Continuity in 1996-2015 State of Mexico Municipal Elections

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Rafael Cedillo Delgado

2017-01-01

Full Text Available El propósito del trabajo es comparar el proceso de cambio y continuidad ocurrido en las elecciones municipales del Estado de México; al mismo tiempo se analiza el avance en la representación política de las mujeres en los ayuntamientos. De manera comparativa y a través de un análisis interpretativo de los resultados electorales, se argumenta que en las elecciones municipales se pasa de un ambiente competitivo, plural y con elevada alternancia (1996-2006 a uno poco competitivo, de baja pluralidad y con un partido dominante (2006-2015. En materia del voto ciudadano, la teoría del condicionamiento sociodemográfico ha dejado de ser útil para explicar la distribución del voto, y en la integración de los ayuntamientos hay una evidente inequidad en la representación política de las mujeres. / The purpose of this article is to compare the changes and continuity in State of Mexico municipal elections. It also analyzes how much women’s political representation in municipalities has moved forward. The author compares and analyzes the electoral results, arguing that State of Mexico municipal elections have transitioned from a competitive, plural electoral environment with high levels of alternation in office from 1996 to 2006, to an atmosphere of less competition and pluralism with a single dominant party from 2006 to 2015. Socio-demographic conditioning theory no longer explains the distribution of balloting in mayoral elections, where women’s inequality of political representation is clear.
Co-generation and reality Potential in Mexico; Potencial de cogeneracion y realidad en Mexico

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Comision Nacional para el Ahorro de Energia (CONAE) (Mexico)

2005-07-01

This document deals with the Mexican use of co-generation -the efficient use of the energy- through the support offered by the Comision Nacional para el Ahorro de Energia (CONAE), since this is the agency in charge of fomenting the efficient use of energy by means of actions coordinated with diverse dependencies and organizations of the Administracion Publica Federal and with the governments of the federal entities as well as municipalities, social and private sectors. Among the subjects to be dealt are quality of the electrical and thermal energy, types of fuels that can be used in the co-generation project, the present situation of the co-generation in Mexico and the conditions for their development. [Spanish] Este documento analiza el uso de la cogeneracion en Mexico es decir, el uso eficiente de la energia a traves del apoyo que brinda la Comision Nacional para el Ahorro de Energia (CONAE) ya que es el organo encargado de fomentar la eficiencia en el uso de la energia mediante acciones coordinadas con las diversas dependencias y entidades de la Administracion Publica Federal y con los gobiernos de las entidades federativas y los municipios y, a traves de acciones concertadas, con los sectores social y privado. Se trataran temas como calidad de la energia electrica y termica, los tipos de combustibles que pueden utilizarse en el proyecto de cogeneracion, la situacion actual de la cogeneracion en Mexico y las ccondiciones para su desarrollo.
Christmas in Mexico.

Science.gov (United States)

Kern County Superintendent of Schools, Bakersfield, CA.

The Christmas season in Mexico starts on December 16 with "las posadas," a series of religious processions in which families or neighbors reenact Joseph's search for shelter for Mary en route to Bethlehem. Those representing pilgrims travel from home to home until they are finally accepted by those representing innkeepers at a home with…
Poder es Saber. Workshop: Developing a Bilingual Curriculum (New Mexico Highlands University, Las Vegas, New Mexico, June 1977).

Science.gov (United States)

Bass de Martinez, Bernice

Bilingual teachers and program directors of northern New Mexico attended a workshop at New Mexico Highlands University to examine the curriculum designed to meet the needs of students within the bilingual bicultural setting. Participants were asked to redefine curriculum within the "workshop" setting. Consultants assisted the group in…
The perspectives of the natural gas in Mexico; Las perspecivas del gas natural en Mexico

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Vazquez S, Luis [DIAVAZ S.A de C.V, Mexico, D.F. (Mexico)

2001-07-01

As never before in the last year we have suffered the increases in the cost of the natural gas. For those who are not aware, the prices have gone from 2.48 dollars per million BTU a year ago to 9.57 last month. The truth is that we are facing a true world-wide energy crisis. From one year to date the prices of all the energy sources have increased an average superior to 30%, including increases in Diesel oil, LP Gas, Natural Gas, Turbine fuel. The causes are many and very varied, from efficiency decisions, as in the case of the electrical Generation that has chosen to incline definitively to the natural gas, confusing de-regulations as in the case of California, increases of demand beyond the anticipated by economic activity, changes of consumption pattern, etc.. This demonstrates the well focussed and the opportunity of this Seminar, since there is no doubt that it has become imperative a single and efficient criterium on this so limited resource. In Mexico, the situation is very similar. Recently a measurement has been implemented that tries to palliate the conjunctural effects of this crisis and PEMEX has put to the disposition of the users a contract at fixed price, for three years and by a specific amount. [Spanish] Como nunca antes en el ultimo ano hemos resentido los incrementos en el gasto del gas natural. Para quien no este al tanto los precios han pasado de 2.48 dolares por millon de BTU hace un ano a 9.57 el mes pasado. La verdad es que os estamos enfrentando a una verdadera crisis energetica mundial. De un ano para aca todos los energeticos han aumentado un promedio superior al 30%, incluyendo aumentos en Diesel, Gas LP, Gas Natural, Turbosina. Las causas son muchas y muy variadas, desde decisiones de eficiencia, como en el caso de la Generacion electrica que ha optado por inclinarse definitivamente por el gas natural, desregulaciones confusas como en el caso de California, incrementos de demanda mas alla de lo previsto por actividad economica, cambios
Tendencies and perspectives of the residential energy in Mexico; 1. ed.; Tendencias y perspectivas de la energia residencial en Mexico

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Sheinbaum Pardo, Claudia [Instituto de Ingenieria, Mexico, D. F. (Mexico)

1996-12-31

production of electricity. In the fifth chapter the saving potential is presented and the conservation policies and energy efficiency of the of the OCED countries. The second part exposes the tendencies in the use of the residential energy in Mexico from 1980 to 1990 and analyzes and evaluates the possible applications of the experience of the OECD countries to the case of our country. This part is initiated in the sixth chapter and in it the tendencies of the use of residential energy in Mexico at aggregated level from 1970 to 1990 are studied and for end uses from 1980 to 1990, in this chapter is also included a calculation of the elasticities demand-price and demand income, and an aggregated analysis of the change indices. In the seventh chapter the associated emissions of the main polluting agents and green house gases associated to the use of residential energy in Mexico are presented. In the eighth chapter the conservation potential is analyzed and the necessary energy policies to achieve it. In the ninth chapter the conclusions and recommendations are presented.. Finally three appendices are presented: the first one shows the source of the data for the countries of the OECD, the second shows the procedure of auto regression and the third one the prices of the residential energy in Mexico and the present average and minimum wage. [Espanol] Este trabajo es un estudio comparativo del uso de la energia residencial en Mexico y nueve paises fundadores de la Organizacion para la Cooperacion y el Desarrollo Economico (OCDE). Su principal objetivo es conocer las causas de la tendencias en el uso de la energia residencial en dichos paises, sus efectos ambientales, el potencial tecnico de conservacion y las posibles politicas de ahorro y eficiencias energeticas. El trabajo se divide en dos partes: La primera parte presenta el analisis de las tendencias observadas durante el periodo de 1973 a 1990 asi como las perspectivas del uso de la energia residencial en Estados Unidos
Update of Geothermics in Mexico

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Gutierrez Negrin, Luis C.A.; Quijano Leon, Jose Luis [Comision Federal de Electricidad, Morelia, Michoacan (Mexico)

2004-12-01

Four geothermal fields are currently operating in Mexico (Cerro Prieto, Los Azufres, Los Humeros and Las Tres Virgenes), with a total installed geothermal-electric capacity of 953 megawatts (MW). This means the country is located in third place, worldwide, just behind the USA and Philippines. Thirty-six power plants of several types (condensing, back pressure and binary cycle), between 1.5 and 110 MW, operate in the fields, fed by 197 wells with a combined production of 7,700 metric tons of steam per hour (t/h). These production wells have depths between 600 and 4,400 meters. Steam comes with 8,750 t/h of brine that is injected through 19 injection wells or treated in a solar evaporation pond of 14 km2 in Cerro Prieto. During 2003, steam produced in those fields equaled 67.5 million metric tons, and the power plants generated 6,282 gigawatt-hours (GWh), which represented 3.1% of the electric energy produced in Mexico. All the power plants and the geothermal fields are operated bye the public utility, the Comision Federal de Electricidad (Comision Federal de Electricidad (CFE)). [Spanish] Actualmente se operan en Mexico cuatro campos geotermicos (Cerro Prieto, Los Azufres, Los Humeros y Las Tres Virgenes), con una capacidad geotermoelectrica total de 953 megawatts (MW). Esto coloca al pais en el tercer lugar mundial, detras de Estados Unidos y Filipinas. En esos campos operan treinta y seis unidades de tipos diversos (a condensacion, a contrapresion y de ciclo binario), entre 1.5 y 110 MW, alimentadas por 197 pozos con una produccion combinada de 7,700 toneladas de vapor por hora (t/h). Estos pozos productores tienen profundidades entre 600 y 4,400 metros. El vapor sale acompanado por 8,750 t/h de salmuera, que se inyecta en 19 pozos inyectores o se trata en una laguna de evaporacion solar de 14 km2 en Cerro Prieto. Durante 2003 el vapor producido en los campos sumo 67.5 millones de toneladas y las unidades generaron 6,282 gigawatts-hora (GWh), lo que represento el
A North Sea approach for Mexico?; El marco Mar del Norte para Mexico?

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Baker, George [ENERGIA.com, United States (United States)

2006-11-15

este se han dado en otras partes del globo terraqueo y es precisamente la intencion de este articulo mostrar como puede aplicarse en el caso de Mexico el arreglo acordado sobre el Mar del Norte. Las caracteristicas bilaterales de este arreglo conformado por incentivos y aperturas al mercado, requieren de la cooperacion de diferentes oficinas y sectores gubernamentales del gobierno federal para hacer posibles una serie de estipulaciones que regulen el trato y permitan a distintas empresas petroleras una interaccion sustanciosa que reditue para los duenos de ambas fronteras. En Mexico la responsabilidad de echar a andar proyectos de este tipo corresponde al poder legislativo en complicidad con las secretarias de asuntos externos y del trabajo. Los actuales modelos de accion y el monopolio Petroleos Mexicanos (PEMEX) en Mexico solo han logrado estancar el desarrollo del pais en este sector y mantener el desarrollo petrolifero en un nivel mediocre y deteriorado. Los beneficios de un tal arreglo se extenderian mas alla de lograr un desarrollo bilateral para los paises involucrados; sin embargo, recordemos que el gobierno de los Estados Unidos no esta al compas de los gobiernos pro-unificacion de fronteras. Para comenzar la unificacion de las regiones fronterizas Mexico debe documentar la ubicacion de los pozos fronterizos, sin embargo aun cuando se llegara a algun acuerdo deberan pasar anos antes que PEMEX desarrolle la tecnologia apropiada para explotar su parte de los yacimientos.
Impacto de las telecomunicaciones en la gestión de las instituciones de educación superior públicas de México: Un modelo de ecuaciones estructurales (Impact of the telecommunications in the management of the public institutions of higher education of Mexico: A model of structural equations

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Zambrano, Alberto

2016-07-01

Full Text Available Abstract: The present research had as objective to know information regarding the level of relation of the telecommunications and the user and financial management in the educational institutions of higher level (IES in Mexico, through a structural equations model. The methodology to know the impact of telecommunications in the management of users and financial management consisted of conducting surveys with 28 questions to a sample of 34 public universities in Mexico. The application of the same was of induced character, and of structured form with questions mostly by a Likert scale. Three hypotheses were formulated that we considered fundamental. To verify, a model of structural equations was designed with the telecommunications service, internal process management, user management and financial management as constructs. With data from the surveys, a cross-sectional database was created and introduced to specialized statistical analysis software called Smart PLS V. 2.0 (M3. The results of the statistical model show that the telecommunications service provided by IHEs in Mexico has a strong relationship with the management of internal processes and this in turn has a very strong relationship with user management and financial management. It is generally concluded that telecommunications that exist in public IES have a strong influence on user management and financial management supported by Internal Process Management. Resumen. La presente investigación tuvo como objetivo conocer información respecto al nivel de relación de las telecomunicaciones y las gestiones de usuarios y financieras en las instituciones educativas de nivel superior (IES en México, mediante un modelo de ecuaciones estructurales. La metodología para conocer el impacto de las telecomunicaciones en la gestión de usuarios y gestión financiera, consistió en realizar encuestas con 28 preguntas a una muestra de 34 universidades públicas de México. La aplicación de los
2011 Las Conchas Post Fire Center Index

Data.gov (United States)

Earth Data Analysis Center, University of New Mexico — This data set consists of photo centers of raw aerial images representing multi-spectral (red, green, blue, near-infrared) digital aerial imagery of the Las Conchas...
Agglomeration economies, growth and the new economic geography in Mexico

OpenAIRE

Alejandro Diaz-Bautista

2005-01-01

El presente estudio sobre el crecimiento economico regional en Mexico se basa en la nueva geografia economica, donde la distancia desempena un papel importante para explicar el crecimiento economico urbano regional. Los resultados muestran que la distancia a la frontera norte de Mexico y la migracion en Mexico, despues de la puesta en marcha del TLCAN, son factores importantes que explican el crecimiento regional estatal y las aglo-meraciones para el periodo 1994 a 2000. Los resultados tambie...

A new aeolian generator for Mexico; Un nuevo generador eolico para Mexico

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Voronin, Boris; Gomez Reyna, Jose Antonio; Zerquera Izquierdo, Mariano David; Cardenas Grajales, Juan Jose; Zamora Quintana, Laura Angelica [Universidad de Guadalajara (Mexico)

2009-07-01

The use of wind kinetic energy to produce electrical energy is one of the most powerful alternatives for the human being, to avoid the risk of being in the threshold of the age of stone. In the present work, different types from aero generators are analyzed and a new generator developed by one of the authors of this article is presented. Its high efficiency is presented in comparison with the helical generators that at the moment are dominant in the construction of Aeolian mills. Perspectives of exploitation of the kinetic energy of the wind in Mexico are analyzed. A resolution model of the problem of obtaining constant parameters of electrical output, to conditions of variable mechanical parameters of entrance is shown. An example is shown of the construction of Aeolian parks that can cover all the needs of electrical energy in Mexico. [Spanish] El uso de la energia cinetica del viento para la obtencion de la energia electrica, es una de las alternativas mas poderosas para el ser humano, para evitar el riesgo de estar al umbral de la edad de piedra. En el trabajo presente, se analizan diferentes tipos de aerogeneradores y se presenta un nuevo generador desarrollado por uno de los autores de este articulo. Se muestra su alta eficiencia en comparacion con los generadores helicoidales que actualmente son dominantes en la construccion de molinos eolicos. Se analizan perspectivas de aprovechamiento de la energia cinetica del viento en Mexico. Se muestra un modelo de resolucion del problema de la obtencion de parametros de salida electricos constantes, a condiciones de los parametros mecanicos de entrada variables. Se muestra un ejemplo de la construccion de parques eolicos que pueden cubrir todas las necesidades de energia electrica en Mexico.
Energetic sustainability: Challenges and options in Mexico; Sustentabilidad energetica: Retos y opciones en Mexico

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Rosas Flores, Dionicio; Sheinbaum Pardo, Claudia [Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico, Mexico, D.F. (Mexico)

2000-07-01

In this report present a general overview of energy trends and objectives of policy for Mexico, in the context of sustainable development. The work is divided in two main parts: the first one presents trends in energy use and potential, energy sector reform, social and economics indicators and revision of efficiency and renewable energy. The second part discusses options and instruments of energy politics for the country in regard of the sustainable development. The energy is central to concerns of sustainable development, affecting economic; the local and global environment, and social problems as poverty, population, health and education. Mexico should promote political energy that permit the fulfillment the energy requirements while developing strategies that help to alleviate the social problems and productivity, based on lesser environmental impacts. [Spanish] Este reporte presenta una vision sobre las tendencias energeticas de Mexico y plantea prioridades y objetivos de politica para el pais, en el contexto de desarrollo sustentable. El trabajo muestra dos partes principales: la primera seccion presenta tendencias en el uso de energia, potenciales energeticos e indicadores economicos y sociales, ademas de una revision de eficiencias y politicas de energias renovables. La segunda parte discute opciones, instrumentos y restricciones en el contexto del desarrollo energetico sustentable en el pais. La energia es un elemento central en el desarrollo ya que esta relacionado con la economia, el ambiente local y global y aspectos sociales como pobreza, poblacion, salud y educacion. Esto obliga en Mexico a promover politicas que permitan la cobertura de los requerimientos energeticos, las cuales deben desarrollarse de manera conjunta con estrategias, para ayudar a disminuir los problemas, productivos y sociales con menores impactos ambientales.
INTRAVAL Phase 2: Modeling testing at the Las Cruces Trench Site

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Hills, R.G.; Rockhold, M.; Xiang, J.; Scanlon, B.; Wittmeyer, G.

1994-01-01

Several field experiments have been performed by scientists from the University of Arizona and New Mexico State University at the Las Cruces Trench Site to provide data tc test deterministic and stochastic models for water flow and solute transport. These experiments were performed in collaboration with INTRAVAL, an international effort toward validation of geosphere models for the transport of radionuclides. During Phase I of INTRAVAL, qualitative comparisons between experimental data and model predictions were made using contour plots of water contents and solute concentrations. Detailed quantitative comparisons were not made. To provide data for more rigorous model testing, a third Las Cruces Trench experiment was designed by scientists from the University of Arizona and New Mexico State University. Modelers from the Center for Nuclear Waste Regulatory Analysis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, New Mexico State University, Pacific Northwest Laboratory, and the University of Texas provided predictions of water flow and tritium transport to New Mexico State University for analysis. The corresponding models assumed soil characterizations ranging from uniform to deterministically heterogeneous to stochastic. This report presents detailed quantitative comparisons to field data
Atención prehospitalaria de urgencias en el Distrito Federal: las oportunidades del sistema de salud Prehospital emergency care in Mexico City: the opportunities of the healthcare system

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Luis M Pinet

2005-02-01

Full Text Available Las lesiones de tráfico no-intencionales a escala global causan 1.2 millones de muertes cada año, afectan a personas en edad productiva y son eventos potencialmente prevenibles. En México es una de las causas principales de mortalidad nacional y el Distrito Federal registra más de 8% en este rubro. Los sistemas prehospitalarios han sido diseñados para extender los servicios médicos hospitalarios a la población, a través de la interacción de una compleja red de transportación, comunicación, recursos materiales y humanos, recursos económicos y participación pública. Estos sistemas pueden ser diseñados de distintas maneras, dependiendo de la disponibilidad, capacidad y calidad de recursos, y con base en las necesidades de la comunidad, de acuerdo con leyes y reglamentos establecidos. En México varias instituciones y organizaciones ofrecen servicios prehospitalarios sin que exista coordinación, regulación y evaluación de su desempeño, a pesar de las elevadas tasas de morbilidad y mortalidad ocasionadas por lesiones y enfermedades prevenibles o para las cuales existen tratamientos efectivos aplicados durante la fase prehospitalaria. La medicina prehospitalaria puede colaborar hacia la reducción de morbilidad y mortalidad por lesiones que requieren pronta atención médica, por lo que es de gran importancia evaluar el desempeño del sistema y determinar las oportunidades para su futuro desarrollo.Unintentional vehicle traffic injuries cause 1.2 million preventable deaths per year worldwide, mostly affecting the population in their productive years of life. In Mexico, unintentional vehicle traffic injuries are one of the main causes of death; in Mexico City they account for 8% of deaths. Prehospital systems are set up to provide hospital medical care to the population, by means of a complex network that includes transportation, communications, resources (material, financial and human, and public participation. These systems may be
Las cesáreas en México: tendencias, niveles y factores asociados Caesarean sections in Mexico: tendencies, levels and associated factors

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Esteban Puentes-Rosas

2004-02-01

ón precisa de las razones para llevarla a cabo y el monitoreo de los porcentajes individuales de cesáreas entre los obstetras de los hospitalesOBJECTIVE: To describe the rate of caesarean sections in Mexico in the last 10 years and evaluate its relationship with several socioeconomic variables, type of health care services, and specialists' availability. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The Ministry of Health's register of births was used as source of information. The dependent variable was the type of delivery (vaginal or caesarean. The independent variables were: gross domestic product, human development index, illiteracy percentage among women, social exclusion index and, gynecology and obstetrics specialists supply. Correlations between variables were evaluated using Pearson's parametric test and Spearman range test. A lineal multiple regression was used to model the national caesarean data of 1999. RESULTS: National caesarean percentage increased in the last 10 years at an annual rate of 1%. It was considerably higher in social security institutions and the private sector. Caesareans percentages in 1999 were slightly above 35%. The highest values were those of the private sector with 53%, followed by social security institutions, with 38.2%. The variables more strongly associated with C sections were GDP, specialists' availability and human development index. CONCLUSIONS: It seems reasonable to advocate for a widespread descent in caesarean sections in Mexico. Important declines in certain contexts have been witnessed by implementing measures such as a second opinion before any C-section, a precise definition of the reasons for using it, and the monitoring of individual caesarean percentage among hospital obstetricians.
Los colores de las conchas marinas en el antiguo occidente de México. El caso del Posclásico Seashell color in ancient western Mexico. The case of the Postclassic

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Luis Gómez-Gastélum

2007-10-01

Full Text Available A partir de los estudios sobre la cosmovisión mesoamericana -en especial aquellos relacionados con el cuerpo humano y las significaciones del color-, se analizan los patrones de uso de las conchas marinas y los objetos elaborados con éstas en las sociedades prehispánicas del occidente de México durante el periodo Posclásico (1100-1350 d.C., con la finalidad de acercarse al simbolismo que les fueron otorgados por parte de quienes las utilizaron.Based on studies of Mesoamerican cosmology, especially with regard to the human body and the meaning of color, we analyzed the use patterns of seashells and objects made from seashells in the Pre-Hispanic societies of western Mexico in the Postclassic period (1100-1530 A.D.. The goal was to understand the symbolism given to these objects by the people who utilized them.
The evaluation, certification and approbation of oil and gas reserves in Mexico; facts and performance; Sistema de estimacion, certificacion y aprobacion de reservas de hidrocarburos en Mexico; analisis de desempeno

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Rodriguez-Padilla, Victor [Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico (Mexico)]. E-mail: energia123@hotmail.com

2013-07-15

The evaluation, certification, approval and disclosure system of reserves applied in Mexico since 2010 aims to replicate the best practices of the international oil industry. It has gained rigor, simplicity, truthfulness and transparency, however its performance has been unequal: it has achieved to provide more certitude over the proved reserves but it has failed to dissipate the uncertainty over the probable and possible reserves. [Spanish] El sistema de evaluacion, certificacion y aprobacion de reservas aplicado en Mexico desde 2010 busca reproducir las mejores practicas de la industria petrolera internacional. Ha ganado en rigor, sencillez, veracidad y transparencia, sin embargo, su desempeno ha sido desigual, pues ha logrado brindar mayor certeza sobre las reservas probadas, pero no ha podido disipar la incertidumbre sobre las reservas probables y posibles.
Lo público y lo privado: las aseguradoras y la atención médica en Mexico Public and private: insurance companies and medical care in Mexico

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Silvia Tamez

1995-12-01

Full Text Available Desde finales de la década de los setenta y a principios de la de los ochenta, tanto en nuestro país cuanto en la mayoría de países de América Latina, ocurrieron profundos cambios en la política sanitaria, cuya dirección apuntó fundamentalmente a un crecimiento del sector privado de la atención médica, acompañado de deterioro del sector público. Este trabajo pretende analizar, como parte del proceso privatizador de la atención médica, la evolución de los seguros médicos privados. Interesa fundamentalmente realizar un análisis de la política sectorial de salud basada en datos económicos, pero subrayando el perfil político y de modificación de las relaciones del sector con el Estado, partiendo de la hipótesis de que éste último ha asumido la función de apoyo a la expansión del mercado privado de la atención médica, enfocando el análisis a la industria de seguros médicos privados y facilitando el deterioro del sector público a través de la reducción del gasto público. Para ello se analiza el papel del Estado en las transformaciones del sector en México a partir de los principales cambios en la normatividad de la actividad aseguradora nacional. Sobre esta base se hace el análisis comparativo de la evolución de la industria aseguradora en Argentina, Brasil, Chile y México durante el período 1986-1992 profundizando el caso de México. Dentro de los principales resultados destaca que, al comparar los países mencionados, los índices Primas/PIB y Primas/per cápita en términos generales se observa crecimiento. Este crecimiento es más ascelerado en México, lo que sin duda se relaciona con lo incipiente de su proceso de privatización. Además, en México se observó que, para el período 1984-1991, las primas directas como porcentaje del PIB pasaron de 0.86% a 1.32%. En la misma línea de análisis llama la atención que el seguro de accidentes y enfermedades creció del 0.02% del PIB en 1984 a 0.11% en 1991. En
Riesgos, recursos socioeducativos y apoyo institucional para las mujeres migrantes en tránsito por Tamaulipas (México = Risks, socio-educational resources, and institutional support for migrant women in transit through Tamaulipas (Mexico

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Teresa Terrón-Caro

2014-01-01

Full Text Available En este artículo presentamos investigación desde la perspectiva de género, combinando elementos que conforman una estrategia importante como es la educación y la migración. Para ello partimos del análisis cualitativo de entrevistas en profundidad realizadas a mujeres migrantes en tránsito por la frontera de Tamaulipas (México – Estados Unidos y de los testimonios de profesionales de instituciones gubernamentales, sociales y religiosas que forman parte de los recursos de ayuda a los migrantes en México. A través de estos testimonios analizamos los factores de riesgo a los que se enfrentan las mujeres migrantes en un contexto de inseguridad, y cómo los recursos socioeducativos con los que cuentan las migrantes condicionan las estrategias utilizadas para desafiar los riesgos del viaje. Destacamos que el nivel educativo de las mujeres así como determinados recursos socioeducativos con los que cuentan, diversifica las estrategias utilizadas para afrontar las situaciones de crisis que pudieran surgir en el trayecto.This article presents research from a gender perspective, combining elements of a strategy important as education and migration. To do this we start from the qualitative analysis of in-depth interviews we conducted a Migrant women transiting the border of Tamaulipas (Mexico - United States and the testimonies of professionals from government, social and religious institutions which are part of the resources helps migrants in Mexico. Through these testimonies analyse the risk factors that migrant women face in a context of insecurity, and how social and educational resources that have migrant determine the strategies used to challenge travel risks. We stress that the educational level of women well as certain social and educational resources at their disposal, diversified strategies used to cope with crisis situations that may arise along the way.
Economy, employment and productivity in the metropolis of Mexico / Economía, empleo y productividad en las metrópolis de México

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Edel Cadena Vargas

2014-06-01

Full Text Available This paper analyses the economy, employment, and productivity of 56 metropolitan zones from Mexico. Concludes that, through statistical analysis, this kind of cities keep being a big attraction focus of population, but its economical activities decrease or damages gradually. For that, if this tendency to stagnation continues, in the short term will be a gloomy future to the metropolis for this country. Este artículo analiza la evolución de la economía, empleo y productividad de las 56 zonas metropolitanas de México, de 1989 a 2004. Concluye, a través del análisis estadístico, que este tipo de ciudades siguen siendo un gran foco de atracción de la población, pero sus actividades económicas disminuyen gradualmente o se deterioran. Por ello, de continuar esta tendencia al estancamiento, se vislumbra a corto plazo un futuro sombrío para las metrópolis de este país.
Preliminary Characterization of the Liquid Discharge of the Mexico Hospital; Caracterizacion Preliminar de la Descarga Liquida del Hospital Mexico

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Hernandez Rojas, A

2001-07-01

constituye un grave problema a nivel nacional. En este trabajo se realiza una caracterizacion preliminar de la descarga liquida del Hospital Mexico. Para ello se analizaron diferentes puntos de vertido dentro de la institucion, ellos son : Lavanderia, cocina central, Laboratorio Clinico, Rayos X, Laboratorio de Biomasa, Morgue y la descarga final del hospital. Esto con el fin de conocer el manejo de los desechos liquidos en el centro de salud, la calidad sanitaria de estos vertidos y su influencia en las aguas crudas del Hospital Mexico en el cuerpo receptor. Para este estudio primero se coordino con el personal de cada departamento para conocer sobre el manejo y tipo de residuos liquidos que son descargados al sistema de tuberias. Posteriormente se realizaron las pruebas fisico-quimicas y biologicas con base en dos muestreos compuestos realizados los dias 26 de octubre y 4 de noviembre de 1998. Entre las pruebas realizadas se tienen: pH, DBO, DQO, SAAM, Grasas y Aceites, Temperatura, Nitrogeno y Coliformes Fecales, dependiendo de las caracteristicas de su punto de procedencia. Al final del estudio, se evaluaron los resultados obtenidos para cada punto de vertido estudiado y luego se analizo la influencia de estos focos sobre la calidad de las aguas crudas del hospital, las cuales descargan en una quebrada localizada al costado noroeste de las instalaciones. Los resultados obtenidos permiten conocer preliminarmente la caracterizacion de la descarga liquida del Hospital Mexico y lo catalogan como una fuente de contaminacion. El Hospital requiere de una planta de tratamiento biologica para aquellos vertidos biodegradables, y de un sistema de tratamiento quimico para tratar ese tipo de productos, que son utilizados en los procesos propios de cada departamento; ademas se requiere tomar en cuenta medidas de reduccion de contaminacion que disminuyan la cantidad de desechos desde la fuente. (Author)
Atmospheric electric field effects of cosmic rays detected in Mexico City

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Gonzalez, L. X; Valdes-Galicia, J. F [Instituto de Geofisica, Universidad National Autonoma de Mexico, Mexico D.F(Mexico)

2006-10-15

We studied the possible effects of atmospheric electric fields, generated in thunderstorms, on the cosmic ray intensity detected at the Earth's surface by investigating the variations of the counting rates of the cosmic-ray nucleonic component, obtained from the neutron monitor installed in Mexico City, for thunderstorms during 1996 and 1997. These were years of minimum solar activity. We compare our experimental results with the general theory of cosmic ray meteorological effects by Dorman (1995). The observed intensity variation is about 0.2%. According to Dorman (1995), the effect should be between 0.27% and 0.81% on the counting rate of the neutron monitor when the atmospheric electric field intensities are around 100 to 300 Vcm-1.Our results show that either the electric field in Mexico City had less intensity than assumed by Dorman (1995), or the electric field is not uniform in time and height during the development of the thunderstorm. [Spanish] Estudiamos los posibles efectos de los campos electricos atmosfericos, generados en las tormentas electricas, sobre la intensidad de los rayos cosmicos detectados en la superficie terrestre, analizando las variaciones de las razones de conteo de la componente nucleonica de los rayos cosmicos, obtenidas por el monitor de neutrones instalado en la ciudad de Mexico, durante tormentas electricas ocurridas entre 1996 y 1997, anos del minimo solar. Comparamos nuestros resultados experimentales con la teoria general de los efectos meteorologicos en los rayos cosmicos, desarrollada por Dorman (1995). Se observo una variacion en la intensidad de alrededor de 0.2%. De acuerdo con Dorman (1995), el efecto puede estar entre 0.27 % y 0.81% en las razones de conteo del monitor de neutrones cuando las intensidades del campo electrico atmosferico se encuentran al rededor de 100 a 300 Vcm-1. Nuestros resultados muestran que los campos electricos en la ciudad de Mexico tuvieron menos intensidad que los campos electricos asumidos
Patrones espaciales de la riqueza específica de las culebras Thamnophis en México Spatial patterns of species richness of garter snakes Thamnophis in Mexico

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Crystian Sadiel Venegas-Barrera

2011-03-01

Full Text Available Se identificaron tanto las áreas de mayor riqueza específica de las culebras del género Thamnophis y su presencia en las provincias biogeográficas y las Regiones Terrestres Prioritarias (RTP, como los factores antropogénicos que pueden influir en su distribución. Con la combinación de mapas de distribución potencial de las especies se creó un mapa de riqueza específica para calcular el porcentaje de celdas ocupadas por el género dentro de cada provincia biogeográfica, de cada RTP y conocer el tipo de uso de suelo. Además, se obtuvo la complementariedad de especies y la ordenación de las RTP a partir de su composición específica. El género se distribuyó en el 80.5% de México, en todas sus provincias biogeográficas. Los estados de Durango, Michoacán, Puebla, Veracruz y Oaxaca presentaron la mayor riqueza específica. Potencialmente, el género puede encontrarse en el 96% de las RTP de México con un patrón altitudinal y climático. De 6 grupos de las RTP, el grupo oriental presentó la mayor riqueza específica. El 25.8% de la distribución potencial del género se encontró en áreas modificadas por el hombre. Se discuten los patrones de distribución bajo una perspectiva ecológica, biogeográfica y de conservación y se sugiere comprobar la riqueza específica potencial con estudios de campo.We identified areas of high species richness of snakes of the genus Thamnophis, their presence within biogeographic provinces and Terrestrial Priority Regions (TPR. We also identified anthropogenic factors that may influence their distribution. We created a map of species richness from the combination of potential distribution maps of species to calculate the percentage of cells occupied by the genus within each biogeographic province, TPR and type of land use. In addition, we obtained the complementarity of species and the ordination of TPR from its species composition. The genus is distributed in 80.5% of Mexico, in all biogeographic
2011 Las Conchas Post Fire, a136106_sw_sw, RGB

Data.gov (United States)

Earth Data Analysis Center, University of New Mexico — Wilson and Company collected and processed multi-spectral (red, green, blue, near-infrared) digital aerial imagery of the Las Conchas Fire that burned in the Santa...
2011 Las Conchas Post Fire, g535106_sw_ne, CIR

Data.gov (United States)

Earth Data Analysis Center, University of New Mexico — Wilson and Company collected and processed multi-spectral (red, green, blue, near-infrared) digital aerial imagery of the Las Conchas Fire that burned in the Santa...
2011 Las Conchas Post Fire, h335106_nw_nw, RGB

Data.gov (United States)

Earth Data Analysis Center, University of New Mexico — Wilson and Company collected and processed multi-spectral (red, green, blue, near-infrared) digital aerial imagery of the Las Conchas Fire that burned in the Santa...
2011 Las Conchas Post Fire, e535106_se_nw, RGB

Data.gov (United States)

Earth Data Analysis Center, University of New Mexico — Wilson and Company collected and processed multi-spectral (red, green, blue, near-infrared) digital aerial imagery of the Las Conchas Fire that burned in the Santa...
2011 Las Conchas Post Fire, e435106_ne_sw, RGB

Data.gov (United States)

Earth Data Analysis Center, University of New Mexico — Wilson and Company collected and processed multi-spectral (red, green, blue, near-infrared) digital aerial imagery of the Las Conchas Fire that burned in the Santa...
2011 Las Conchas Post Fire, a436106_ne_nw, RGB

Data.gov (United States)

Earth Data Analysis Center, University of New Mexico — Wilson and Company collected and processed multi-spectral (red, green, blue, near-infrared) digital aerial imagery of the Las Conchas Fire that burned in the Santa...
2011 Las Conchas Post Fire, e535106_nw_nw, RGB

Data.gov (United States)

Earth Data Analysis Center, University of New Mexico — Wilson and Company collected and processed multi-spectral (red, green, blue, near-infrared) digital aerial imagery of the Las Conchas Fire that burned in the Santa...

2011 Las Conchas Post Fire, h235106_sw_sw, CIR

Data.gov (United States)

Earth Data Analysis Center, University of New Mexico — Wilson and Company collected and processed multi-spectral (red, green, blue, near-infrared) digital aerial imagery of the Las Conchas Fire that burned in the Santa...
2011 Las Conchas Post Fire, g235106_ne_ne, CIR

Data.gov (United States)

Earth Data Analysis Center, University of New Mexico — Wilson and Company collected and processed multi-spectral (red, green, blue, near-infrared) digital aerial imagery of the Las Conchas Fire that burned in the Santa...
2011 Las Conchas Post Fire, g535106_sw_se, CIR

Data.gov (United States)

Earth Data Analysis Center, University of New Mexico — Wilson and Company collected and processed multi-spectral (red, green, blue, near-infrared) digital aerial imagery of the Las Conchas Fire that burned in the Santa...
2011 Las Conchas Post Fire, h535106_sw_se, RGB

Data.gov (United States)

Earth Data Analysis Center, University of New Mexico — Wilson and Company collected and processed multi-spectral (red, green, blue, near-infrared) digital aerial imagery of the Las Conchas Fire that burned in the Santa...
2011 Las Conchas Post Fire, f435106_sw_sw, CIR

Data.gov (United States)

Earth Data Analysis Center, University of New Mexico — Wilson and Company collected and processed multi-spectral (red, green, blue, near-infrared) digital aerial imagery of the Las Conchas Fire that burned in the Santa...
2011 Las Conchas Post Fire, g235106_nw_sw, RGB

Data.gov (United States)

Earth Data Analysis Center, University of New Mexico — Wilson and Company collected and processed multi-spectral (red, green, blue, near-infrared) digital aerial imagery of the Las Conchas Fire that burned in the Santa...
2011 Las Conchas Post Fire, e435106_sw_se, CIR

Data.gov (United States)

Earth Data Analysis Center, University of New Mexico — Wilson and Company collected and processed multi-spectral (red, green, blue, near-infrared) digital aerial imagery of the Las Conchas Fire that burned in the Santa...
2011 Las Conchas Post Fire, h535106_sw_sw, CIR

Data.gov (United States)

Earth Data Analysis Center, University of New Mexico — Wilson and Company collected and processed multi-spectral (red, green, blue, near-infrared) digital aerial imagery of the Las Conchas Fire that burned in the Santa...
2011 Las Conchas Post Fire, a336106_se_nw, CIR

Data.gov (United States)

Earth Data Analysis Center, University of New Mexico — Wilson and Company collected and processed multi-spectral (red, green, blue, near-infrared) digital aerial imagery of the Las Conchas Fire that burned in the Santa...
2011 Las Conchas Post Fire, e535106_se_nw, CIR

Data.gov (United States)

Earth Data Analysis Center, University of New Mexico — Wilson and Company collected and processed multi-spectral (red, green, blue, near-infrared) digital aerial imagery of the Las Conchas Fire that burned in the Santa...
2011 Las Conchas Post Fire, f435106_sw_se, RGB

Data.gov (United States)

Earth Data Analysis Center, University of New Mexico — Wilson and Company collected and processed multi-spectral (red, green, blue, near-infrared) digital aerial imagery of the Las Conchas Fire that burned in the Santa...
2011 Las Conchas Post Fire, g535106_se_sw, CIR

Data.gov (United States)

Earth Data Analysis Center, University of New Mexico — Wilson and Company collected and processed multi-spectral (red, green, blue, near-infrared) digital aerial imagery of the Las Conchas Fire that burned in the Santa...
2011 Las Conchas Post Fire, f435106_ne_se, CIR

Data.gov (United States)

Earth Data Analysis Center, University of New Mexico — Wilson and Company collected and processed multi-spectral (red, green, blue, near-infrared) digital aerial imagery of the Las Conchas Fire that burned in the Santa...
2011 Las Conchas Post Fire, a236106_nw_nw, CIR

Data.gov (United States)

Earth Data Analysis Center, University of New Mexico — Wilson and Company collected and processed multi-spectral (red, green, blue, near-infrared) digital aerial imagery of the Las Conchas Fire that burned in the Santa...
2011 Las Conchas Post Fire, h635106_se_ne, CIR

Data.gov (United States)

Earth Data Analysis Center, University of New Mexico — Wilson and Company collected and processed multi-spectral (red, green, blue, near-infrared) digital aerial imagery of the Las Conchas Fire that burned in the Santa...
2011 Las Conchas Post Fire, d431506_ne_sw, CIR

Data.gov (United States)

Earth Data Analysis Center, University of New Mexico — Wilson and Company collected and processed multi-spectral (red, green, blue, near-infrared) digital aerial imagery of the Las Conchas Fire that burned in the Santa...
2011 Las Conchas Post Fire, h335106_ne_se, CIR

Data.gov (United States)

Earth Data Analysis Center, University of New Mexico — Wilson and Company collected and processed multi-spectral (red, green, blue, near-infrared) digital aerial imagery of the Las Conchas Fire that burned in the Santa...
2011 Las Conchas Post Fire, e335106_sw_se, RGB

Data.gov (United States)

Earth Data Analysis Center, University of New Mexico — Wilson and Company collected and processed multi-spectral (red, green, blue, near-infrared) digital aerial imagery of the Las Conchas Fire that burned in the Santa...
2011 Las Conchas Post Fire, f535106_nw_se, CIR

Data.gov (United States)

Earth Data Analysis Center, University of New Mexico — Wilson and Company collected and processed multi-spectral (red, green, blue, near-infrared) digital aerial imagery of the Las Conchas Fire that burned in the Santa...
2011 Las Conchas Post Fire, h535106_se_se, RGB

Data.gov (United States)

Earth Data Analysis Center, University of New Mexico — Wilson and Company collected and processed multi-spectral (red, green, blue, near-infrared) digital aerial imagery of the Las Conchas Fire that burned in the Santa...

2011 Las Conchas Post Fire, a336106_ne_nw, CIR

Data.gov (United States)

Earth Data Analysis Center, University of New Mexico — Wilson and Company collected and processed multi-spectral (red, green, blue, near-infrared) digital aerial imagery of the Las Conchas Fire that burned in the Santa...
2011 Las Conchas Post Fire, e435106_sw_se, RGB

Data.gov (United States)

Earth Data Analysis Center, University of New Mexico — Wilson and Company collected and processed multi-spectral (red, green, blue, near-infrared) digital aerial imagery of the Las Conchas Fire that burned in the Santa...
2011 Las Conchas Post Fire, a136106_se_nw, CIR

Data.gov (United States)

Earth Data Analysis Center, University of New Mexico — Wilson and Company collected and processed multi-spectral (red, green, blue, near-infrared) digital aerial imagery of the Las Conchas Fire that burned in the Santa...
2011 Las Conchas Post Fire, a436106_se_sw, CIR

Data.gov (United States)

Earth Data Analysis Center, University of New Mexico — Wilson and Company collected and processed multi-spectral (red, green, blue, near-infrared) digital aerial imagery of the Las Conchas Fire that burned in the Santa...
2011 Las Conchas Post Fire, a536106_se_se, CIR

Data.gov (United States)

Earth Data Analysis Center, University of New Mexico — Wilson and Company collected and processed multi-spectral (red, green, blue, near-infrared) digital aerial imagery of the Las Conchas Fire that burned in the Santa...
2011 Las Conchas Post Fire, d435106_nw_nw, CIR

Data.gov (United States)

Earth Data Analysis Center, University of New Mexico — Wilson and Company collected and processed multi-spectral (red, green, blue, near-infrared) digital aerial imagery of the Las Conchas Fire that burned in the Santa...
2011 Las Conchas Post Fire, g635106_se_ne, RGB

Data.gov (United States)

Earth Data Analysis Center, University of New Mexico — Wilson and Company collected and processed multi-spectral (red, green, blue, near-infrared) digital aerial imagery of the Las Conchas Fire that burned in the Santa...
2011 Las Conchas Post Fire, a636106_se_se, CIR

Data.gov (United States)

Earth Data Analysis Center, University of New Mexico — Wilson and Company collected and processed multi-spectral (red, green, blue, near-infrared) digital aerial imagery of the Las Conchas Fire that burned in the Santa...
2011 Las Conchas Post Fire, g335106_nw_se, CIR

Data.gov (United States)

Earth Data Analysis Center, University of New Mexico — Wilson and Company collected and processed multi-spectral (red, green, blue, near-infrared) digital aerial imagery of the Las Conchas Fire that burned in the Santa...
2011 Las Conchas Post Fire, h435106_se_nw, RGB

Data.gov (United States)

Earth Data Analysis Center, University of New Mexico — Wilson and Company collected and processed multi-spectral (red, green, blue, near-infrared) digital aerial imagery of the Las Conchas Fire that burned in the Santa...
2011 Las Conchas Post Fire, a336106_sw_sw, RGB

Data.gov (United States)

Earth Data Analysis Center, University of New Mexico — Wilson and Company collected and processed multi-spectral (red, green, blue, near-infrared) digital aerial imagery of the Las Conchas Fire that burned in the Santa...
2011 Las Conchas Post Fire, g335106_nw_sw, CIR

Data.gov (United States)

Earth Data Analysis Center, University of New Mexico — Wilson and Company collected and processed multi-spectral (red, green, blue, near-infrared) digital aerial imagery of the Las Conchas Fire that burned in the Santa...
2011 Las Conchas Post Fire, h535106_se_ne, RGB

Data.gov (United States)

Earth Data Analysis Center, University of New Mexico — Wilson and Company collected and processed multi-spectral (red, green, blue, near-infrared) digital aerial imagery of the Las Conchas Fire that burned in the Santa...
2011 Las Conchas Post Fire, e335106_ne_nw, CIR

Data.gov (United States)

Earth Data Analysis Center, University of New Mexico — Wilson and Company collected and processed multi-spectral (red, green, blue, near-infrared) digital aerial imagery of the Las Conchas Fire that burned in the Santa...
2011 Las Conchas Post Fire, a536106_sw_sw, CIR

Data.gov (United States)

Earth Data Analysis Center, University of New Mexico — Wilson and Company collected and processed multi-spectral (red, green, blue, near-infrared) digital aerial imagery of the Las Conchas Fire that burned in the Santa...
2011 Las Conchas Post Fire, e435106_se_se, RGB

Data.gov (United States)

Earth Data Analysis Center, University of New Mexico — Wilson and Company collected and processed multi-spectral (red, green, blue, near-infrared) digital aerial imagery of the Las Conchas Fire that burned in the Santa...
2011 Las Conchas Post Fire, f335106_ne_ne, CIR

Data.gov (United States)

Earth Data Analysis Center, University of New Mexico — Wilson and Company collected and processed multi-spectral (red, green, blue, near-infrared) digital aerial imagery of the Las Conchas Fire that burned in the Santa...
2011 Las Conchas Post Fire, h535106_se_nw, CIR

Data.gov (United States)

Earth Data Analysis Center, University of New Mexico — Wilson and Company collected and processed multi-spectral (red, green, blue, near-infrared) digital aerial imagery of the Las Conchas Fire that burned in the Santa...
2011 Las Conchas Post Fire, h235106_nw_se, RGB

Data.gov (United States)

Earth Data Analysis Center, University of New Mexico — Wilson and Company collected and processed multi-spectral (red, green, blue, near-infrared) digital aerial imagery of the Las Conchas Fire that burned in the Santa...
2011 Las Conchas Post Fire, e435106_ne_se, RGB

Data.gov (United States)

Earth Data Analysis Center, University of New Mexico — Wilson and Company collected and processed multi-spectral (red, green, blue, near-infrared) digital aerial imagery of the Las Conchas Fire that burned in the Santa...

2011 Las Conchas Post Fire, g435106_sw_ne, RGB

Data.gov (United States)

Earth Data Analysis Center, University of New Mexico — Wilson and Company collected and processed multi-spectral (red, green, blue, near-infrared) digital aerial imagery of the Las Conchas Fire that burned in the Santa...
2011 Las Conchas Post Fire, f535106_nw_nw, CIR

Data.gov (United States)

Earth Data Analysis Center, University of New Mexico — Wilson and Company collected and processed multi-spectral (red, green, blue, near-infrared) digital aerial imagery of the Las Conchas Fire that burned in the Santa...
2011 Las Conchas Post Fire, g235106_sw_se, CIR

Data.gov (United States)

Earth Data Analysis Center, University of New Mexico — Wilson and Company collected and processed multi-spectral (red, green, blue, near-infrared) digital aerial imagery of the Las Conchas Fire that burned in the Santa...
2011 Las Conchas Post Fire, f335106_ne_nw, CIR

Data.gov (United States)

Earth Data Analysis Center, University of New Mexico — Wilson and Company collected and processed multi-spectral (red, green, blue, near-infrared) digital aerial imagery of the Las Conchas Fire that burned in the Santa...
2011 Las Conchas Post Fire, e535106_ne_sw, RGB

Data.gov (United States)

Earth Data Analysis Center, University of New Mexico — Wilson and Company collected and processed multi-spectral (red, green, blue, near-infrared) digital aerial imagery of the Las Conchas Fire that burned in the Santa...
2011 Las Conchas Post Fire, a236106_sw_nw, CIR

Data.gov (United States)

Earth Data Analysis Center, University of New Mexico — Wilson and Company collected and processed multi-spectral (red, green, blue, near-infrared) digital aerial imagery of the Las Conchas Fire that burned in the Santa...
2011 Las Conchas Post Fire, h235106_sw_sw, RGB

Data.gov (United States)

Earth Data Analysis Center, University of New Mexico — Wilson and Company collected and processed multi-spectral (red, green, blue, near-infrared) digital aerial imagery of the Las Conchas Fire that burned in the Santa...
2011 Las Conchas Post Fire, h535106_ne_nw, CIR

Data.gov (United States)

Earth Data Analysis Center, University of New Mexico — Wilson and Company collected and processed multi-spectral (red, green, blue, near-infrared) digital aerial imagery of the Las Conchas Fire that burned in the Santa...
2011 Las Conchas Post Fire, h335106_se_sw, CIR

Data.gov (United States)

Earth Data Analysis Center, University of New Mexico — Wilson and Company collected and processed multi-spectral (red, green, blue, near-infrared) digital aerial imagery of the Las Conchas Fire that burned in the Santa...
2011 Las Conchas Post Fire, a136106_se_nw, RGB

Data.gov (United States)

Earth Data Analysis Center, University of New Mexico — Wilson and Company collected and processed multi-spectral (red, green, blue, near-infrared) digital aerial imagery of the Las Conchas Fire that burned in the Santa...
2011 Las Conchas Post Fire, h435106_ne_ne, RGB

Data.gov (United States)

Earth Data Analysis Center, University of New Mexico — Wilson and Company collected and processed multi-spectral (red, green, blue, near-infrared) digital aerial imagery of the Las Conchas Fire that burned in the Santa...
2011 Las Conchas Post Fire, a236106_sw_se, CIR

Data.gov (United States)

Earth Data Analysis Center, University of New Mexico — Wilson and Company collected and processed multi-spectral (red, green, blue, near-infrared) digital aerial imagery of the Las Conchas Fire that burned in the Santa...
2011 Las Conchas Post Fire, f435106_sw_nw, CIR

Data.gov (United States)

Earth Data Analysis Center, University of New Mexico — Wilson and Company collected and processed multi-spectral (red, green, blue, near-infrared) digital aerial imagery of the Las Conchas Fire that burned in the Santa...
2011 Las Conchas Post Fire, h535106_nw_se, RGB

Data.gov (United States)

Earth Data Analysis Center, University of New Mexico — Wilson and Company collected and processed multi-spectral (red, green, blue, near-infrared) digital aerial imagery of the Las Conchas Fire that burned in the Santa...
2011 Las Conchas Post Fire, h235106_sw_ne, CIR

Data.gov (United States)

Earth Data Analysis Center, University of New Mexico — Wilson and Company collected and processed multi-spectral (red, green, blue, near-infrared) digital aerial imagery of the Las Conchas Fire that burned in the Santa...
2011 Las Conchas Post Fire, f435106_se_se, RGB

Data.gov (United States)

Earth Data Analysis Center, University of New Mexico — Wilson and Company collected and processed multi-spectral (red, green, blue, near-infrared) digital aerial imagery of the Las Conchas Fire that burned in the Santa...
2011 Las Conchas Post Fire, f335106_nw_ne, RGB

Data.gov (United States)

Earth Data Analysis Center, University of New Mexico — Wilson and Company collected and processed multi-spectral (red, green, blue, near-infrared) digital aerial imagery of the Las Conchas Fire that burned in the Santa...
2011 Las Conchas Post Fire, g435106_se_nw, CIR

Data.gov (United States)

Earth Data Analysis Center, University of New Mexico — Wilson and Company collected and processed multi-spectral (red, green, blue, near-infrared) digital aerial imagery of the Las Conchas Fire that burned in the Santa...
2011 Las Conchas Post Fire, e435106_sw_nw, CIR

Data.gov (United States)

Earth Data Analysis Center, University of New Mexico — Wilson and Company collected and processed multi-spectral (red, green, blue, near-infrared) digital aerial imagery of the Las Conchas Fire that burned in the Santa...
2011 Las Conchas Post Fire, a236106_se_ne, RGB

Data.gov (United States)

Earth Data Analysis Center, University of New Mexico — Wilson and Company collected and processed multi-spectral (red, green, blue, near-infrared) digital aerial imagery of the Las Conchas Fire that burned in the Santa...

2011 Las Conchas Post Fire, h435106_se_se, CIR

Data.gov (United States)

Earth Data Analysis Center, University of New Mexico — Wilson and Company collected and processed multi-spectral (red, green, blue, near-infrared) digital aerial imagery of the Las Conchas Fire that burned in the Santa...
2011 Las Conchas Post Fire, a436106_nw_ne, CIR

Data.gov (United States)

Earth Data Analysis Center, University of New Mexico — Wilson and Company collected and processed multi-spectral (red, green, blue, near-infrared) digital aerial imagery of the Las Conchas Fire that burned in the Santa...
2011 Las Conchas Post Fire, e435106_ne_se, CIR

Data.gov (United States)

Earth Data Analysis Center, University of New Mexico — Wilson and Company collected and processed multi-spectral (red, green, blue, near-infrared) digital aerial imagery of the Las Conchas Fire that burned in the Santa...
2011 Las Conchas Post Fire, e435106_nw_nw, RGB

Data.gov (United States)

Earth Data Analysis Center, University of New Mexico — Wilson and Company collected and processed multi-spectral (red, green, blue, near-infrared) digital aerial imagery of the Las Conchas Fire that burned in the Santa...
2011 Las Conchas Post Fire, h435106_nw_nw, RGB

Data.gov (United States)

Earth Data Analysis Center, University of New Mexico — Wilson and Company collected and processed multi-spectral (red, green, blue, near-infrared) digital aerial imagery of the Las Conchas Fire that burned in the Santa...
2011 Las Conchas Post Fire, g135106_nw_nw, CIR

Data.gov (United States)

Earth Data Analysis Center, University of New Mexico — Wilson and Company collected and processed multi-spectral (red, green, blue, near-infrared) digital aerial imagery of the Las Conchas Fire that burned in the Santa...
2011 Las Conchas Post Fire, g535106_ne_nw, CIR

Data.gov (United States)

Earth Data Analysis Center, University of New Mexico — Wilson and Company collected and processed multi-spectral (red, green, blue, near-infrared) digital aerial imagery of the Las Conchas Fire that burned in the Santa...
2011 Las Conchas Post Fire, d431506_ne_ne, RGB

Data.gov (United States)

Earth Data Analysis Center, University of New Mexico — Wilson and Company collected and processed multi-spectral (red, green, blue, near-infrared) digital aerial imagery of the Las Conchas Fire that burned in the Santa...
2011 Las Conchas Post Fire, a236106_sw_sw, CIR

Data.gov (United States)

Earth Data Analysis Center, University of New Mexico — Wilson and Company collected and processed multi-spectral (red, green, blue, near-infrared) digital aerial imagery of the Las Conchas Fire that burned in the Santa...
2011 Las Conchas Post Fire, e435106_nw_nw, CIR

Data.gov (United States)

Earth Data Analysis Center, University of New Mexico — Wilson and Company collected and processed multi-spectral (red, green, blue, near-infrared) digital aerial imagery of the Las Conchas Fire that burned in the Santa...
2011 Las Conchas Post Fire, e635106_se_ne, RGB

Data.gov (United States)

Earth Data Analysis Center, University of New Mexico — Wilson and Company collected and processed multi-spectral (red, green, blue, near-infrared) digital aerial imagery of the Las Conchas Fire that burned in the Santa...
2011 Las Conchas Post Fire, d335106_nw_sw, RGB

Data.gov (United States)

Earth Data Analysis Center, University of New Mexico — Wilson and Company collected and processed multi-spectral (red, green, blue, near-infrared) digital aerial imagery of the Las Conchas Fire that burned in the Santa...
2011 Las Conchas Post Fire, g535106_sw_se, RGB

Data.gov (United States)

Earth Data Analysis Center, University of New Mexico — Wilson and Company collected and processed multi-spectral (red, green, blue, near-infrared) digital aerial imagery of the Las Conchas Fire that burned in the Santa...
2011 Las Conchas Post Fire, g435106_se_sw, RGB

Data.gov (United States)

Earth Data Analysis Center, University of New Mexico — Wilson and Company collected and processed multi-spectral (red, green, blue, near-infrared) digital aerial imagery of the Las Conchas Fire that burned in the Santa...
2011 Las Conchas Post Fire, g535106_nw_sw, RGB

Data.gov (United States)

Earth Data Analysis Center, University of New Mexico — Wilson and Company collected and processed multi-spectral (red, green, blue, near-infrared) digital aerial imagery of the Las Conchas Fire that burned in the Santa...
2011 Las Conchas Post Fire, f535106_nw_nw, RGB

Data.gov (United States)

Earth Data Analysis Center, University of New Mexico — Wilson and Company collected and processed multi-spectral (red, green, blue, near-infrared) digital aerial imagery of the Las Conchas Fire that burned in the Santa...
2011 Las Conchas Post Fire, e635106_ne_se, CIR

Data.gov (United States)

Earth Data Analysis Center, University of New Mexico — Wilson and Company collected and processed multi-spectral (red, green, blue, near-infrared) digital aerial imagery of the Las Conchas Fire that burned in the Santa...
2011 Las Conchas Post Fire, g335106_ne_se, RGB

Data.gov (United States)

Earth Data Analysis Center, University of New Mexico — Wilson and Company collected and processed multi-spectral (red, green, blue, near-infrared) digital aerial imagery of the Las Conchas Fire that burned in the Santa...
2011 Las Conchas Post Fire, g435106_se_se, CIR

Data.gov (United States)

Earth Data Analysis Center, University of New Mexico — Wilson and Company collected and processed multi-spectral (red, green, blue, near-infrared) digital aerial imagery of the Las Conchas Fire that burned in the Santa...
2011 Las Conchas Post Fire, g335106_ne_ne, CIR

Data.gov (United States)

Earth Data Analysis Center, University of New Mexico — Wilson and Company collected and processed multi-spectral (red, green, blue, near-infrared) digital aerial imagery of the Las Conchas Fire that burned in the Santa...

2011 Las Conchas Post Fire, h235106_nw_ne, RGB

Data.gov (United States)

Earth Data Analysis Center, University of New Mexico — Wilson and Company collected and processed multi-spectral (red, green, blue, near-infrared) digital aerial imagery of the Las Conchas Fire that burned in the Santa...
2011 Las Conchas Post Fire, h535106_sw_nw, RGB

Data.gov (United States)

Earth Data Analysis Center, University of New Mexico — Wilson and Company collected and processed multi-spectral (red, green, blue, near-infrared) digital aerial imagery of the Las Conchas Fire that burned in the Santa...
2011 Las Conchas Post Fire, h335106_se_se, RGB

Data.gov (United States)

Earth Data Analysis Center, University of New Mexico — Wilson and Company collected and processed multi-spectral (red, green, blue, near-infrared) digital aerial imagery of the Las Conchas Fire that burned in the Santa...
2011 Las Conchas Post Fire, a436106_nw_se, CIR

Data.gov (United States)

Earth Data Analysis Center, University of New Mexico — Wilson and Company collected and processed multi-spectral (red, green, blue, near-infrared) digital aerial imagery of the Las Conchas Fire that burned in the Santa...
2011 Las Conchas Post Fire, d431506_ne_sw, RGB

Data.gov (United States)

Earth Data Analysis Center, University of New Mexico — Wilson and Company collected and processed multi-spectral (red, green, blue, near-infrared) digital aerial imagery of the Las Conchas Fire that burned in the Santa...
2011 Las Conchas Post Fire, h435106_se_sw, CIR

Data.gov (United States)

Earth Data Analysis Center, University of New Mexico — Wilson and Company collected and processed multi-spectral (red, green, blue, near-infrared) digital aerial imagery of the Las Conchas Fire that burned in the Santa...
2011 Las Conchas Post Fire, h335106_sw_se, CIR

Data.gov (United States)

Earth Data Analysis Center, University of New Mexico — Wilson and Company collected and processed multi-spectral (red, green, blue, near-infrared) digital aerial imagery of the Las Conchas Fire that burned in the Santa...
2011 Las Conchas Post Fire, h135106_ne_sw, CIR

Data.gov (United States)

Earth Data Analysis Center, University of New Mexico — Wilson and Company collected and processed multi-spectral (red, green, blue, near-infrared) digital aerial imagery of the Las Conchas Fire that burned in the Santa...
2011 Las Conchas Post Fire, h335106_sw_ne, CIR

Data.gov (United States)

Earth Data Analysis Center, University of New Mexico — Wilson and Company collected and processed multi-spectral (red, green, blue, near-infrared) digital aerial imagery of the Las Conchas Fire that burned in the Santa...
2011 Las Conchas Post Fire, h135106_sw_ne, RGB

Data.gov (United States)

Earth Data Analysis Center, University of New Mexico — Wilson and Company collected and processed multi-spectral (red, green, blue, near-infrared) digital aerial imagery of the Las Conchas Fire that burned in the Santa...
2011 Las Conchas Post Fire, f235106_nw_nw, CIR

Data.gov (United States)

Earth Data Analysis Center, University of New Mexico — Wilson and Company collected and processed multi-spectral (red, green, blue, near-infrared) digital aerial imagery of the Las Conchas Fire that burned in the Santa...
2011 Las Conchas Post Fire, f435106_se_nw, CIR

Data.gov (United States)

Earth Data Analysis Center, University of New Mexico — Wilson and Company collected and processed multi-spectral (red, green, blue, near-infrared) digital aerial imagery of the Las Conchas Fire that burned in the Santa...
2011 Las Conchas Post Fire, a336106_nw_sw, CIR

Data.gov (United States)

Earth Data Analysis Center, University of New Mexico — Wilson and Company collected and processed multi-spectral (red, green, blue, near-infrared) digital aerial imagery of the Las Conchas Fire that burned in the Santa...
2011 Las Conchas Post Fire, a436106_se_nw, RGB

Data.gov (United States)

Earth Data Analysis Center, University of New Mexico — Wilson and Company collected and processed multi-spectral (red, green, blue, near-infrared) digital aerial imagery of the Las Conchas Fire that burned in the Santa...
2011 Las Conchas Post Fire, h135106_nw_sw, RGB

Data.gov (United States)

Earth Data Analysis Center, University of New Mexico — Wilson and Company collected and processed multi-spectral (red, green, blue, near-infrared) digital aerial imagery of the Las Conchas Fire that burned in the Santa...
2011 Las Conchas Post Fire, a336106_sw_ne, RGB

Data.gov (United States)

Earth Data Analysis Center, University of New Mexico — Wilson and Company collected and processed multi-spectral (red, green, blue, near-infrared) digital aerial imagery of the Las Conchas Fire that burned in the Santa...
2011 Las Conchas Post Fire, f635106_se_ne, RGB

Data.gov (United States)

Earth Data Analysis Center, University of New Mexico — Wilson and Company collected and processed multi-spectral (red, green, blue, near-infrared) digital aerial imagery of the Las Conchas Fire that burned in the Santa...
2011 Las Conchas Post Fire, h435106_nw_ne, CIR

Data.gov (United States)

Earth Data Analysis Center, University of New Mexico — Wilson and Company collected and processed multi-spectral (red, green, blue, near-infrared) digital aerial imagery of the Las Conchas Fire that burned in the Santa...
2011 Las Conchas Post Fire, f435106_ne_nw, CIR

Data.gov (United States)

Earth Data Analysis Center, University of New Mexico — Wilson and Company collected and processed multi-spectral (red, green, blue, near-infrared) digital aerial imagery of the Las Conchas Fire that burned in the Santa...
2011 Las Conchas Post Fire, a436106_sw_se, CIR

Data.gov (United States)

Earth Data Analysis Center, University of New Mexico — Wilson and Company collected and processed multi-spectral (red, green, blue, near-infrared) digital aerial imagery of the Las Conchas Fire that burned in the Santa...

2011 Las Conchas Post Fire, a336106_se_se, RGB

Data.gov (United States)

Earth Data Analysis Center, University of New Mexico — Wilson and Company collected and processed multi-spectral (red, green, blue, near-infrared) digital aerial imagery of the Las Conchas Fire that burned in the Santa...
2011 Las Conchas Post Fire, a136106_se_sw, CIR

Data.gov (United States)

Earth Data Analysis Center, University of New Mexico — Wilson and Company collected and processed multi-spectral (red, green, blue, near-infrared) digital aerial imagery of the Las Conchas Fire that burned in the Santa...
2011 Las Conchas Post Fire, g335106_nw_se, RGB

Data.gov (United States)

Earth Data Analysis Center, University of New Mexico — Wilson and Company collected and processed multi-spectral (red, green, blue, near-infrared) digital aerial imagery of the Las Conchas Fire that burned in the Santa...
2011 Las Conchas Post Fire, f435106_se_nw, RGB

Data.gov (United States)

Earth Data Analysis Center, University of New Mexico — Wilson and Company collected and processed multi-spectral (red, green, blue, near-infrared) digital aerial imagery of the Las Conchas Fire that burned in the Santa...
2011 Las Conchas Post Fire, g435106_se_sw, CIR

Data.gov (United States)

Earth Data Analysis Center, University of New Mexico — Wilson and Company collected and processed multi-spectral (red, green, blue, near-infrared) digital aerial imagery of the Las Conchas Fire that burned in the Santa...
2011 Las Conchas Post Fire, a236106_sw_ne, RGB

Data.gov (United States)

Earth Data Analysis Center, University of New Mexico — Wilson and Company collected and processed multi-spectral (red, green, blue, near-infrared) digital aerial imagery of the Las Conchas Fire that burned in the Santa...
2011 Las Conchas Post Fire, g335106_nw_nw, RGB

Data.gov (United States)

Earth Data Analysis Center, University of New Mexico — Wilson and Company collected and processed multi-spectral (red, green, blue, near-infrared) digital aerial imagery of the Las Conchas Fire that burned in the Santa...
2011 Las Conchas Post Fire, h235106_sw_se, CIR

Data.gov (United States)

Earth Data Analysis Center, University of New Mexico — Wilson and Company collected and processed multi-spectral (red, green, blue, near-infrared) digital aerial imagery of the Las Conchas Fire that burned in the Santa...
2011 Las Conchas Post Fire, h535106_se_ne, CIR

Data.gov (United States)

Earth Data Analysis Center, University of New Mexico — Wilson and Company collected and processed multi-spectral (red, green, blue, near-infrared) digital aerial imagery of the Las Conchas Fire that burned in the Santa...
2011 Las Conchas Post Fire, d435106_nw_sw, CIR

Data.gov (United States)

Earth Data Analysis Center, University of New Mexico — Wilson and Company collected and processed multi-spectral (red, green, blue, near-infrared) digital aerial imagery of the Las Conchas Fire that burned in the Santa...
2011 Las Conchas Post Fire, f535106_nw_sw, CIR

Data.gov (United States)

Earth Data Analysis Center, University of New Mexico — Wilson and Company collected and processed multi-spectral (red, green, blue, near-infrared) digital aerial imagery of the Las Conchas Fire that burned in the Santa...
2011 Las Conchas Post Fire, g435106_se_ne, CIR

Data.gov (United States)

Earth Data Analysis Center, University of New Mexico — Wilson and Company collected and processed multi-spectral (red, green, blue, near-infrared) digital aerial imagery of the Las Conchas Fire that burned in the Santa...
2011 Las Conchas Post Fire, g335106_sw_ne, RGB

Data.gov (United States)

Earth Data Analysis Center, University of New Mexico — Wilson and Company collected and processed multi-spectral (red, green, blue, near-infrared) digital aerial imagery of the Las Conchas Fire that burned in the Santa...
2011 Las Conchas Post Fire, a236106_sw_nw, RGB

Data.gov (United States)

Earth Data Analysis Center, University of New Mexico — Wilson and Company collected and processed multi-spectral (red, green, blue, near-infrared) digital aerial imagery of the Las Conchas Fire that burned in the Santa...
2011 Las Conchas Post Fire, f335106_se_ne, RGB

Data.gov (United States)

Earth Data Analysis Center, University of New Mexico — Wilson and Company collected and processed multi-spectral (red, green, blue, near-infrared) digital aerial imagery of the Las Conchas Fire that burned in the Santa...
2011 Las Conchas Post Fire, a636106_se_se, RGB

Data.gov (United States)

Earth Data Analysis Center, University of New Mexico — Wilson and Company collected and processed multi-spectral (red, green, blue, near-infrared) digital aerial imagery of the Las Conchas Fire that burned in the Santa...
2011 Las Conchas Post Fire, g335106_sw_nw, RGB

Data.gov (United States)

Earth Data Analysis Center, University of New Mexico — Wilson and Company collected and processed multi-spectral (red, green, blue, near-infrared) digital aerial imagery of the Las Conchas Fire that burned in the Santa...
2011 Las Conchas Post Fire, d431506_ne_nw, RGB

Data.gov (United States)

Earth Data Analysis Center, University of New Mexico — Wilson and Company collected and processed multi-spectral (red, green, blue, near-infrared) digital aerial imagery of the Las Conchas Fire that burned in the Santa...
2011 Las Conchas Post Fire, f335106_ne_sw, RGB

Data.gov (United States)

Earth Data Analysis Center, University of New Mexico — Wilson and Company collected and processed multi-spectral (red, green, blue, near-infrared) digital aerial imagery of the Las Conchas Fire that burned in the Santa...
2011 Las Conchas Post Fire, e635106_se_se, CIR

Data.gov (United States)

Earth Data Analysis Center, University of New Mexico — Wilson and Company collected and processed multi-spectral (red, green, blue, near-infrared) digital aerial imagery of the Las Conchas Fire that burned in the Santa...

2011 Las Conchas Post Fire, g235106_sw_ne, CIR

Data.gov (United States)

Earth Data Analysis Center, University of New Mexico — Wilson and Company collected and processed multi-spectral (red, green, blue, near-infrared) digital aerial imagery of the Las Conchas Fire that burned in the Santa...
2011 Las Conchas Post Fire, a136106_sw_sw, CIR

Data.gov (United States)

Earth Data Analysis Center, University of New Mexico — Wilson and Company collected and processed multi-spectral (red, green, blue, near-infrared) digital aerial imagery of the Las Conchas Fire that burned in the Santa...
2011 Las Conchas Post Fire, f435106_ne_ne, RGB

Data.gov (United States)

Earth Data Analysis Center, University of New Mexico — Wilson and Company collected and processed multi-spectral (red, green, blue, near-infrared) digital aerial imagery of the Las Conchas Fire that burned in the Santa...
2011 Las Conchas Post Fire, a236106_ne_sw, RGB

Data.gov (United States)

Earth Data Analysis Center, University of New Mexico — Wilson and Company collected and processed multi-spectral (red, green, blue, near-infrared) digital aerial imagery of the Las Conchas Fire that burned in the Santa...
2011 Las Conchas Post Fire, a436106_nw_se, RGB

Data.gov (United States)

Earth Data Analysis Center, University of New Mexico — Wilson and Company collected and processed multi-spectral (red, green, blue, near-infrared) digital aerial imagery of the Las Conchas Fire that burned in the Santa...
2011 Las Conchas Post Fire, e335106_ne_nw, RGB

Data.gov (United States)

Earth Data Analysis Center, University of New Mexico — Wilson and Company collected and processed multi-spectral (red, green, blue, near-infrared) digital aerial imagery of the Las Conchas Fire that burned in the Santa...
2011 Las Conchas Post Fire, h335106_nw_ne, RGB

Data.gov (United States)

Earth Data Analysis Center, University of New Mexico — Wilson and Company collected and processed multi-spectral (red, green, blue, near-infrared) digital aerial imagery of the Las Conchas Fire that burned in the Santa...
2011 Las Conchas Post Fire, a236106_se_sw, CIR

Data.gov (United States)

Earth Data Analysis Center, University of New Mexico — Wilson and Company collected and processed multi-spectral (red, green, blue, near-infrared) digital aerial imagery of the Las Conchas Fire that burned in the Santa...
2011 Las Conchas Post Fire, e435106_nw_ne, RGB

Data.gov (United States)

Earth Data Analysis Center, University of New Mexico — Wilson and Company collected and processed multi-spectral (red, green, blue, near-infrared) digital aerial imagery of the Las Conchas Fire that burned in the Santa...
2011 Las Conchas Post Fire, g435106_sw_se, CIR

Data.gov (United States)

Earth Data Analysis Center, University of New Mexico — Wilson and Company collected and processed multi-spectral (red, green, blue, near-infrared) digital aerial imagery of the Las Conchas Fire that burned in the Santa...
2011 Las Conchas Post Fire, g535106_ne_sw, RGB

Data.gov (United States)

Earth Data Analysis Center, University of New Mexico — Wilson and Company collected and processed multi-spectral (red, green, blue, near-infrared) digital aerial imagery of the Las Conchas Fire that burned in the Santa...
2011 Las Conchas Post Fire, a436106_se_se, CIR

Data.gov (United States)

Earth Data Analysis Center, University of New Mexico — Wilson and Company collected and processed multi-spectral (red, green, blue, near-infrared) digital aerial imagery of the Las Conchas Fire that burned in the Santa...
2011 Las Conchas Post Fire, e535106_nw_nw, CIR

Data.gov (United States)

Earth Data Analysis Center, University of New Mexico — Wilson and Company collected and processed multi-spectral (red, green, blue, near-infrared) digital aerial imagery of the Las Conchas Fire that burned in the Santa...
2011 Las Conchas Post Fire, h235106_ne_sw, CIR

Data.gov (United States)

Earth Data Analysis Center, University of New Mexico — Wilson and Company collected and processed multi-spectral (red, green, blue, near-infrared) digital aerial imagery of the Las Conchas Fire that burned in the Santa...
2011 Las Conchas Post Fire, d431506_ne_nw, CIR

Data.gov (United States)

Earth Data Analysis Center, University of New Mexico — Wilson and Company collected and processed multi-spectral (red, green, blue, near-infrared) digital aerial imagery of the Las Conchas Fire that burned in the Santa...
2011 Las Conchas Post Fire, f535106_ne_se, RGB

Data.gov (United States)

Earth Data Analysis Center, University of New Mexico — Wilson and Company collected and processed multi-spectral (red, green, blue, near-infrared) digital aerial imagery of the Las Conchas Fire that burned in the Santa...
2011 Las Conchas Post Fire, a236106_nw_sw, RGB

Data.gov (United States)

Earth Data Analysis Center, University of New Mexico — Wilson and Company collected and processed multi-spectral (red, green, blue, near-infrared) digital aerial imagery of the Las Conchas Fire that burned in the Santa...
2011 Las Conchas Post Fire, f535106_se_ne, CIR

Data.gov (United States)

Earth Data Analysis Center, University of New Mexico — Wilson and Company collected and processed multi-spectral (red, green, blue, near-infrared) digital aerial imagery of the Las Conchas Fire that burned in the Santa...
2011 Las Conchas Post Fire, e435106_ne_nw, CIR

Data.gov (United States)

Earth Data Analysis Center, University of New Mexico — Wilson and Company collected and processed multi-spectral (red, green, blue, near-infrared) digital aerial imagery of the Las Conchas Fire that burned in the Santa...
2011 Las Conchas Post Fire, a436106_ne_ne, CIR

Data.gov (United States)

Earth Data Analysis Center, University of New Mexico — Wilson and Company collected and processed multi-spectral (red, green, blue, near-infrared) digital aerial imagery of the Las Conchas Fire that burned in the Santa...

2011 Las Conchas Post Fire, e535106_ne_sw, CIR

Data.gov (United States)

Earth Data Analysis Center, University of New Mexico — Wilson and Company collected and processed multi-spectral (red, green, blue, near-infrared) digital aerial imagery of the Las Conchas Fire that burned in the Santa...
2011 Las Conchas Post Fire, f435106_se_ne, RGB

Data.gov (United States)

Earth Data Analysis Center, University of New Mexico — Wilson and Company collected and processed multi-spectral (red, green, blue, near-infrared) digital aerial imagery of the Las Conchas Fire that burned in the Santa...
2011 Las Conchas Post Fire, f535106_nw_sw, RGB

Data.gov (United States)

Earth Data Analysis Center, University of New Mexico — Wilson and Company collected and processed multi-spectral (red, green, blue, near-infrared) digital aerial imagery of the Las Conchas Fire that burned in the Santa...
2011 Las Conchas Post Fire, e435106_sw_nw, RGB

Data.gov (United States)

Earth Data Analysis Center, University of New Mexico — Wilson and Company collected and processed multi-spectral (red, green, blue, near-infrared) digital aerial imagery of the Las Conchas Fire that burned in the Santa...
2011 Las Conchas Post Fire, h635106_se_se, CIR

Data.gov (United States)

Earth Data Analysis Center, University of New Mexico — Wilson and Company collected and processed multi-spectral (red, green, blue, near-infrared) digital aerial imagery of the Las Conchas Fire that burned in the Santa...
2011 Las Conchas Post Fire, g635106_ne_se, RGB

Data.gov (United States)

Earth Data Analysis Center, University of New Mexico — Wilson and Company collected and processed multi-spectral (red, green, blue, near-infrared) digital aerial imagery of the Las Conchas Fire that burned in the Santa...
2011 Las Conchas Post Fire, e335106_sw_se, CIR

Data.gov (United States)

Earth Data Analysis Center, University of New Mexico — Wilson and Company collected and processed multi-spectral (red, green, blue, near-infrared) digital aerial imagery of the Las Conchas Fire that burned in the Santa...
2011 Las Conchas Post Fire, f535106_nw_se, RGB

Data.gov (United States)

Earth Data Analysis Center, University of New Mexico — Wilson and Company collected and processed multi-spectral (red, green, blue, near-infrared) digital aerial imagery of the Las Conchas Fire that burned in the Santa...
2011 Las Conchas Post Fire, h235106_nw_nw, CIR

Data.gov (United States)

Earth Data Analysis Center, University of New Mexico — Wilson and Company collected and processed multi-spectral (red, green, blue, near-infrared) digital aerial imagery of the Las Conchas Fire that burned in the Santa...
2011 Las Conchas Post Fire, d435106_nw_sw, RGB

Data.gov (United States)

Earth Data Analysis Center, University of New Mexico — Wilson and Company collected and processed multi-spectral (red, green, blue, near-infrared) digital aerial imagery of the Las Conchas Fire that burned in the Santa...
2011 Las Conchas Post Fire, a336106_sw_nw, RGB

Data.gov (United States)

Earth Data Analysis Center, University of New Mexico — Wilson and Company collected and processed multi-spectral (red, green, blue, near-infrared) digital aerial imagery of the Las Conchas Fire that burned in the Santa...
2011 Las Conchas Post Fire, h235106_se_sw, RGB

Data.gov (United States)

Earth Data Analysis Center, University of New Mexico — Wilson and Company collected and processed multi-spectral (red, green, blue, near-infrared) digital aerial imagery of the Las Conchas Fire that burned in the Santa...
2011 Las Conchas Post Fire, g435106_ne_sw, RGB

Data.gov (United States)

Earth Data Analysis Center, University of New Mexico — Wilson and Company collected and processed multi-spectral (red, green, blue, near-infrared) digital aerial imagery of the Las Conchas Fire that burned in the Santa...
2011 Las Conchas Post Fire, f335106_se_ne, CIR

Data.gov (United States)

Earth Data Analysis Center, University of New Mexico — Wilson and Company collected and processed multi-spectral (red, green, blue, near-infrared) digital aerial imagery of the Las Conchas Fire that burned in the Santa...
2011 Las Conchas Post Fire, a336106_sw_se, CIR

Data.gov (United States)

Earth Data Analysis Center, University of New Mexico — Wilson and Company collected and processed multi-spectral (red, green, blue, near-infrared) digital aerial imagery of the Las Conchas Fire that burned in the Santa...
2011 Las Conchas Post Fire, g235106_nw_ne, CIR

Data.gov (United States)

Earth Data Analysis Center, University of New Mexico — Wilson and Company collected and processed multi-spectral (red, green, blue, near-infrared) digital aerial imagery of the Las Conchas Fire that burned in the Santa...
2011 Las Conchas Post Fire, g535106_nw_ne, CIR

Data.gov (United States)

Earth Data Analysis Center, University of New Mexico — Wilson and Company collected and processed multi-spectral (red, green, blue, near-infrared) digital aerial imagery of the Las Conchas Fire that burned in the Santa...
2011 Las Conchas Post Fire, g535106_ne_ne, RGB

Data.gov (United States)

Earth Data Analysis Center, University of New Mexico — Wilson and Company collected and processed multi-spectral (red, green, blue, near-infrared) digital aerial imagery of the Las Conchas Fire that burned in the Santa...
2011 Las Conchas Post Fire, h135106_nw_se, CIR

Data.gov (United States)

Earth Data Analysis Center, University of New Mexico — Wilson and Company collected and processed multi-spectral (red, green, blue, near-infrared) digital aerial imagery of the Las Conchas Fire that burned in the Santa...
2011 Las Conchas Post Fire, g435106_nw_sw, CIR

Data.gov (United States)

Earth Data Analysis Center, University of New Mexico — Wilson and Company collected and processed multi-spectral (red, green, blue, near-infrared) digital aerial imagery of the Las Conchas Fire that burned in the Santa...

2011 Las Conchas Post Fire, g235106_sw_sw, RGB

Data.gov (United States)

Earth Data Analysis Center, University of New Mexico — Wilson and Company collected and processed multi-spectral (red, green, blue, near-infrared) digital aerial imagery of the Las Conchas Fire that burned in the Santa...
2011 Las Conchas Post Fire, h135106_sw_sw, RGB

Data.gov (United States)

Earth Data Analysis Center, University of New Mexico — Wilson and Company collected and processed multi-spectral (red, green, blue, near-infrared) digital aerial imagery of the Las Conchas Fire that burned in the Santa...
2011 Las Conchas Post Fire, h535106_nw_sw, RGB

Data.gov (United States)

Earth Data Analysis Center, University of New Mexico — Wilson and Company collected and processed multi-spectral (red, green, blue, near-infrared) digital aerial imagery of the Las Conchas Fire that burned in the Santa...
2011 Las Conchas Post Fire, h135106_sw_sw, CIR

Data.gov (United States)

Earth Data Analysis Center, University of New Mexico — Wilson and Company collected and processed multi-spectral (red, green, blue, near-infrared) digital aerial imagery of the Las Conchas Fire that burned in the Santa...
2011 Las Conchas Post Fire, e635106_se_ne, CIR

Data.gov (United States)

Earth Data Analysis Center, University of New Mexico — Wilson and Company collected and processed multi-spectral (red, green, blue, near-infrared) digital aerial imagery of the Las Conchas Fire that burned in the Santa...
2011 Las Conchas Post Fire, a336106_nw_nw, RGB

Data.gov (United States)

Earth Data Analysis Center, University of New Mexico — Wilson and Company collected and processed multi-spectral (red, green, blue, near-infrared) digital aerial imagery of the Las Conchas Fire that burned in the Santa...
2011 Las Conchas Post Fire, g235106_ne_nw, RGB

Data.gov (United States)

Earth Data Analysis Center, University of New Mexico — Wilson and Company collected and processed multi-spectral (red, green, blue, near-infrared) digital aerial imagery of the Las Conchas Fire that burned in the Santa...
2011 Las Conchas Post Fire, a336106_nw_ne, RGB

Data.gov (United States)

Earth Data Analysis Center, University of New Mexico — Wilson and Company collected and processed multi-spectral (red, green, blue, near-infrared) digital aerial imagery of the Las Conchas Fire that burned in the Santa...
2011 Las Conchas Post Fire, g235106_se_ne, RGB

Data.gov (United States)

Earth Data Analysis Center, University of New Mexico — Wilson and Company collected and processed multi-spectral (red, green, blue, near-infrared) digital aerial imagery of the Las Conchas Fire that burned in the Santa...
2011 Las Conchas Post Fire, g335106_sw_sw, CIR

Data.gov (United States)

Earth Data Analysis Center, University of New Mexico — Wilson and Company collected and processed multi-spectral (red, green, blue, near-infrared) digital aerial imagery of the Las Conchas Fire that burned in the Santa...
2011 Las Conchas Post Fire, g335106_ne_nw, RGB

Data.gov (United States)

Earth Data Analysis Center, University of New Mexico — Wilson and Company collected and processed multi-spectral (red, green, blue, near-infrared) digital aerial imagery of the Las Conchas Fire that burned in the Santa...
2011 Las Conchas Post Fire, h235106_se_se, RGB

Data.gov (United States)

Earth Data Analysis Center, University of New Mexico — Wilson and Company collected and processed multi-spectral (red, green, blue, near-infrared) digital aerial imagery of the Las Conchas Fire that burned in the Santa...
2011 Las Conchas Post Fire, h435106_nw_nw, CIR

Data.gov (United States)

Earth Data Analysis Center, University of New Mexico — Wilson and Company collected and processed multi-spectral (red, green, blue, near-infrared) digital aerial imagery of the Las Conchas Fire that burned in the Santa...
2011 Las Conchas Post Fire, h535106_ne_ne, RGB

Data.gov (United States)

Earth Data Analysis Center, University of New Mexico — Wilson and Company collected and processed multi-spectral (red, green, blue, near-infrared) digital aerial imagery of the Las Conchas Fire that burned in the Santa...
2011 Las Conchas Post Fire, g235106_ne_sw, CIR

Data.gov (United States)

Earth Data Analysis Center, University of New Mexico — Wilson and Company collected and processed multi-spectral (red, green, blue, near-infrared) digital aerial imagery of the Las Conchas Fire that burned in the Santa...
2011 Las Conchas Post Fire, g435106_sw_se, RGB

Data.gov (United States)

Earth Data Analysis Center, University of New Mexico — Wilson and Company collected and processed multi-spectral (red, green, blue, near-infrared) digital aerial imagery of the Las Conchas Fire that burned in the Santa...
2011 Las Conchas Post Fire, d431506_nw_ne, RGB

Data.gov (United States)

Earth Data Analysis Center, University of New Mexico — Wilson and Company collected and processed multi-spectral (red, green, blue, near-infrared) digital aerial imagery of the Las Conchas Fire that burned in the Santa...
2011 Las Conchas Post Fire, f435106_se_se, CIR

Data.gov (United States)

Earth Data Analysis Center, University of New Mexico — Wilson and Company collected and processed multi-spectral (red, green, blue, near-infrared) digital aerial imagery of the Las Conchas Fire that burned in the Santa...
2011 Las Conchas Post Fire, h235106_nw_nw, RGB

Data.gov (United States)

Earth Data Analysis Center, University of New Mexico — Wilson and Company collected and processed multi-spectral (red, green, blue, near-infrared) digital aerial imagery of the Las Conchas Fire that burned in the Santa...
2011 Las Conchas Post Fire, g435106_nw_nw, RGB

Data.gov (United States)

Earth Data Analysis Center, University of New Mexico — Wilson and Company collected and processed multi-spectral (red, green, blue, near-infrared) digital aerial imagery of the Las Conchas Fire that burned in the Santa...

2011 Las Conchas Post Fire, f435106_ne_ne, CIR

Data.gov (United States)

Earth Data Analysis Center, University of New Mexico — Wilson and Company collected and processed multi-spectral (red, green, blue, near-infrared) digital aerial imagery of the Las Conchas Fire that burned in the Santa...
2011 Las Conchas Post Fire, g535106_se_nw, CIR

Data.gov (United States)

Earth Data Analysis Center, University of New Mexico — Wilson and Company collected and processed multi-spectral (red, green, blue, near-infrared) digital aerial imagery of the Las Conchas Fire that burned in the Santa...
2011 Las Conchas Post Fire, d435106_nw_se, RGB

Data.gov (United States)

Earth Data Analysis Center, University of New Mexico — Wilson and Company collected and processed multi-spectral (red, green, blue, near-infrared) digital aerial imagery of the Las Conchas Fire that burned in the Santa...
2011 Las Conchas Post Fire, g335106_se_ne, CIR

Data.gov (United States)

Earth Data Analysis Center, University of New Mexico — Wilson and Company collected and processed multi-spectral (red, green, blue, near-infrared) digital aerial imagery of the Las Conchas Fire that burned in the Santa...
2011 Las Conchas Post Fire, h635106_ne_se, RGB

Data.gov (United States)

Earth Data Analysis Center, University of New Mexico — Wilson and Company collected and processed multi-spectral (red, green, blue, near-infrared) digital aerial imagery of the Las Conchas Fire that burned in the Santa...
2011 Las Conchas Post Fire, g435106_se_ne, RGB

Data.gov (United States)

Earth Data Analysis Center, University of New Mexico — Wilson and Company collected and processed multi-spectral (red, green, blue, near-infrared) digital aerial imagery of the Las Conchas Fire that burned in the Santa...
2011 Las Conchas Post Fire, h535106_ne_se, RGB

Data.gov (United States)

Earth Data Analysis Center, University of New Mexico — Wilson and Company collected and processed multi-spectral (red, green, blue, near-infrared) digital aerial imagery of the Las Conchas Fire that burned in the Santa...
2011 Las Conchas Post Fire, f335106_ne_se, CIR

Data.gov (United States)

Earth Data Analysis Center, University of New Mexico — Wilson and Company collected and processed multi-spectral (red, green, blue, near-infrared) digital aerial imagery of the Las Conchas Fire that burned in the Santa...
2011 Las Conchas Post Fire, e535106_nw_sw, CIR

Data.gov (United States)

Earth Data Analysis Center, University of New Mexico — Wilson and Company collected and processed multi-spectral (red, green, blue, near-infrared) digital aerial imagery of the Las Conchas Fire that burned in the Santa...
2011 Las Conchas Post Fire, e335106_nw_nw, RGB

Data.gov (United States)

Earth Data Analysis Center, University of New Mexico — Wilson and Company collected and processed multi-spectral (red, green, blue, near-infrared) digital aerial imagery of the Las Conchas Fire that burned in the Santa...
2011 Las Conchas Post Fire, f435106_sw_se, CIR

Data.gov (United States)

Earth Data Analysis Center, University of New Mexico — Wilson and Company collected and processed multi-spectral (red, green, blue, near-infrared) digital aerial imagery of the Las Conchas Fire that burned in the Santa...
2011 Las Conchas Post Fire, f635106_se_ne, CIR

Data.gov (United States)

Earth Data Analysis Center, University of New Mexico — Wilson and Company collected and processed multi-spectral (red, green, blue, near-infrared) digital aerial imagery of the Las Conchas Fire that burned in the Santa...
2011 Las Conchas Post Fire, f535106_se_nw, RGB

Data.gov (United States)

Earth Data Analysis Center, University of New Mexico — Wilson and Company collected and processed multi-spectral (red, green, blue, near-infrared) digital aerial imagery of the Las Conchas Fire that burned in the Santa...
2011 Las Conchas Post Fire, g335106_se_se, RGB

Data.gov (United States)

Earth Data Analysis Center, University of New Mexico — Wilson and Company collected and processed multi-spectral (red, green, blue, near-infrared) digital aerial imagery of the Las Conchas Fire that burned in the Santa...
2011 Las Conchas Post Fire, h435106_nw_sw, CIR

Data.gov (United States)

Earth Data Analysis Center, University of New Mexico — Wilson and Company collected and processed multi-spectral (red, green, blue, near-infrared) digital aerial imagery of the Las Conchas Fire that burned in the Santa...
2011 Las Conchas Post Fire, f635106_ne_ne, CIR

Data.gov (United States)

Earth Data Analysis Center, University of New Mexico — Wilson and Company collected and processed multi-spectral (red, green, blue, near-infrared) digital aerial imagery of the Las Conchas Fire that burned in the Santa...
2011 Las Conchas Post Fire, a336106_se_nw, RGB

Data.gov (United States)

Earth Data Analysis Center, University of New Mexico — Wilson and Company collected and processed multi-spectral (red, green, blue, near-infrared) digital aerial imagery of the Las Conchas Fire that burned in the Santa...
2011 Las Conchas Post Fire, h535106_sw_se, CIR

Data.gov (United States)

Earth Data Analysis Center, University of New Mexico — Wilson and Company collected and processed multi-spectral (red, green, blue, near-infrared) digital aerial imagery of the Las Conchas Fire that burned in the Santa...
2011 Las Conchas Post Fire, g435106_ne_ne, CIR

Data.gov (United States)

Earth Data Analysis Center, University of New Mexico — Wilson and Company collected and processed multi-spectral (red, green, blue, near-infrared) digital aerial imagery of the Las Conchas Fire that burned in the Santa...
2011 Las Conchas Post Fire, h235106_sw_nw, CIR

Data.gov (United States)

Earth Data Analysis Center, University of New Mexico — Wilson and Company collected and processed multi-spectral (red, green, blue, near-infrared) digital aerial imagery of the Las Conchas Fire that burned in the Santa...

2011 Las Conchas Post Fire, g635106_ne_ne, CIR

Data.gov (United States)

Earth Data Analysis Center, University of New Mexico — Wilson and Company collected and processed multi-spectral (red, green, blue, near-infrared) digital aerial imagery of the Las Conchas Fire that burned in the Santa...
2011 Las Conchas Post Fire, f335106_sw_se, RGB

Data.gov (United States)

Earth Data Analysis Center, University of New Mexico — Wilson and Company collected and processed multi-spectral (red, green, blue, near-infrared) digital aerial imagery of the Las Conchas Fire that burned in the Santa...
2011 Las Conchas Post Fire, h235106_se_se, CIR

Data.gov (United States)

Earth Data Analysis Center, University of New Mexico — Wilson and Company collected and processed multi-spectral (red, green, blue, near-infrared) digital aerial imagery of the Las Conchas Fire that burned in the Santa...
2011 Las Conchas Post Fire, g335106_sw_nw, CIR

Data.gov (United States)

Earth Data Analysis Center, University of New Mexico — Wilson and Company collected and processed multi-spectral (red, green, blue, near-infrared) digital aerial imagery of the Las Conchas Fire that burned in the Santa...
2011 Las Conchas Post Fire, f435106_nw_nw, CIR

Data.gov (United States)

Earth Data Analysis Center, University of New Mexico — Wilson and Company collected and processed multi-spectral (red, green, blue, near-infrared) digital aerial imagery of the Las Conchas Fire that burned in the Santa...
2011 Las Conchas Post Fire, h335106_sw_nw, CIR

Data.gov (United States)

Earth Data Analysis Center, University of New Mexico — Wilson and Company collected and processed multi-spectral (red, green, blue, near-infrared) digital aerial imagery of the Las Conchas Fire that burned in the Santa...
2011 Las Conchas Post Fire, a236106_nw_se, RGB

Data.gov (United States)

Earth Data Analysis Center, University of New Mexico — Wilson and Company collected and processed multi-spectral (red, green, blue, near-infrared) digital aerial imagery of the Las Conchas Fire that burned in the Santa...
2011 Las Conchas Post Fire, g335106_ne_sw, CIR

Data.gov (United States)

Earth Data Analysis Center, University of New Mexico — Wilson and Company collected and processed multi-spectral (red, green, blue, near-infrared) digital aerial imagery of the Las Conchas Fire that burned in the Santa...
2011 Las Conchas Post Fire, g235106_ne_sw, RGB

Data.gov (United States)

Earth Data Analysis Center, University of New Mexico — Wilson and Company collected and processed multi-spectral (red, green, blue, near-infrared) digital aerial imagery of the Las Conchas Fire that burned in the Santa...
2011 Las Conchas Post Fire, d435106_nw_se, CIR

Data.gov (United States)

Earth Data Analysis Center, University of New Mexico — Wilson and Company collected and processed multi-spectral (red, green, blue, near-infrared) digital aerial imagery of the Las Conchas Fire that burned in the Santa...
2011 Las Conchas Post Fire, g535106_se_se, CIR

Data.gov (United States)

Earth Data Analysis Center, University of New Mexico — Wilson and Company collected and processed multi-spectral (red, green, blue, near-infrared) digital aerial imagery of the Las Conchas Fire that burned in the Santa...
2011 Las Conchas Post Fire, h335106_nw_sw, CIR

Data.gov (United States)

Earth Data Analysis Center, University of New Mexico — Wilson and Company collected and processed multi-spectral (red, green, blue, near-infrared) digital aerial imagery of the Las Conchas Fire that burned in the Santa...
2011 Las Conchas Post Fire, a336106_ne_se, RGB

Data.gov (United States)

Earth Data Analysis Center, University of New Mexico — Wilson and Company collected and processed multi-spectral (red, green, blue, near-infrared) digital aerial imagery of the Las Conchas Fire that burned in the Santa...
2011 Las Conchas Post Fire, h435106_sw_sw, RGB

Data.gov (United States)

Earth Data Analysis Center, University of New Mexico — Wilson and Company collected and processed multi-spectral (red, green, blue, near-infrared) digital aerial imagery of the Las Conchas Fire that burned in the Santa...
2011 Las Conchas Post Fire, g235106_sw_nw, RGB

Data.gov (United States)

Earth Data Analysis Center, University of New Mexico — Wilson and Company collected and processed multi-spectral (red, green, blue, near-infrared) digital aerial imagery of the Las Conchas Fire that burned in the Santa...
2011 Las Conchas Post Fire, a336106_se_ne, CIR

Data.gov (United States)

Earth Data Analysis Center, University of New Mexico — Wilson and Company collected and processed multi-spectral (red, green, blue, near-infrared) digital aerial imagery of the Las Conchas Fire that burned in the Santa...
2011 Las Conchas Post Fire, f435106_se_sw, CIR

Data.gov (United States)

Earth Data Analysis Center, University of New Mexico — Wilson and Company collected and processed multi-spectral (red, green, blue, near-infrared) digital aerial imagery of the Las Conchas Fire that burned in the Santa...
2011 Las Conchas Post Fire, e435106_ne_nw, RGB

Data.gov (United States)

Earth Data Analysis Center, University of New Mexico — Wilson and Company collected and processed multi-spectral (red, green, blue, near-infrared) digital aerial imagery of the Las Conchas Fire that burned in the Santa...
2011 Las Conchas Post Fire, a236106_ne_sw, CIR

Data.gov (United States)

Earth Data Analysis Center, University of New Mexico — Wilson and Company collected and processed multi-spectral (red, green, blue, near-infrared) digital aerial imagery of the Las Conchas Fire that burned in the Santa...
2011 Las Conchas Post Fire, g435106_sw_nw, CIR

Data.gov (United States)

Earth Data Analysis Center, University of New Mexico — Wilson and Company collected and processed multi-spectral (red, green, blue, near-infrared) digital aerial imagery of the Las Conchas Fire that burned in the Santa...

2011 Las Conchas Post Fire, f435106_sw_nw, RGB

Data.gov (United States)

Earth Data Analysis Center, University of New Mexico — Wilson and Company collected and processed multi-spectral (red, green, blue, near-infrared) digital aerial imagery of the Las Conchas Fire that burned in the Santa...
2011 Las Conchas Post Fire, h335106_sw_ne, RGB

Data.gov (United States)

Earth Data Analysis Center, University of New Mexico — Wilson and Company collected and processed multi-spectral (red, green, blue, near-infrared) digital aerial imagery of the Las Conchas Fire that burned in the Santa...
2011 Las Conchas Post Fire, h335106_sw_sw, RGB

Data.gov (United States)

Earth Data Analysis Center, University of New Mexico — Wilson and Company collected and processed multi-spectral (red, green, blue, near-infrared) digital aerial imagery of the Las Conchas Fire that burned in the Santa...
2011 Las Conchas Post Fire, g535106_nw_nw, CIR

Data.gov (United States)

Earth Data Analysis Center, University of New Mexico — Wilson and Company collected and processed multi-spectral (red, green, blue, near-infrared) digital aerial imagery of the Las Conchas Fire that burned in the Santa...
2011 Las Conchas Post Fire, h535106_ne_se, CIR

Data.gov (United States)

Earth Data Analysis Center, University of New Mexico — Wilson and Company collected and processed multi-spectral (red, green, blue, near-infrared) digital aerial imagery of the Las Conchas Fire that burned in the Santa...
2011 Las Conchas Post Fire, e535106_se_sw, RGB

Data.gov (United States)

Earth Data Analysis Center, University of New Mexico — Wilson and Company collected and processed multi-spectral (red, green, blue, near-infrared) digital aerial imagery of the Las Conchas Fire that burned in the Santa...
2011 Las Conchas Post Fire, f535106_sw_ne, RGB

Data.gov (United States)

Earth Data Analysis Center, University of New Mexico — Wilson and Company collected and processed multi-spectral (red, green, blue, near-infrared) digital aerial imagery of the Las Conchas Fire that burned in the Santa...
2011 Las Conchas Post Fire, h535106_se_nw, RGB

Data.gov (United States)

Earth Data Analysis Center, University of New Mexico — Wilson and Company collected and processed multi-spectral (red, green, blue, near-infrared) digital aerial imagery of the Las Conchas Fire that burned in the Santa...
2011 Las Conchas Post Fire, g435106_ne_sw, CIR

Data.gov (United States)

Earth Data Analysis Center, University of New Mexico — Wilson and Company collected and processed multi-spectral (red, green, blue, near-infrared) digital aerial imagery of the Las Conchas Fire that burned in the Santa...
2011 Las Conchas Post Fire, h435106_se_ne, RGB

Data.gov (United States)

Earth Data Analysis Center, University of New Mexico — Wilson and Company collected and processed multi-spectral (red, green, blue, near-infrared) digital aerial imagery of the Las Conchas Fire that burned in the Santa...
2011 Las Conchas Post Fire, d431506_nw_ne, CIR

Data.gov (United States)

Earth Data Analysis Center, University of New Mexico — Wilson and Company collected and processed multi-spectral (red, green, blue, near-infrared) digital aerial imagery of the Las Conchas Fire that burned in the Santa...
2011 Las Conchas Post Fire, f335106_sw_nw, CIR

Data.gov (United States)

Earth Data Analysis Center, University of New Mexico — Wilson and Company collected and processed multi-spectral (red, green, blue, near-infrared) digital aerial imagery of the Las Conchas Fire that burned in the Santa...
2011 Las Conchas Post Fire, h535106_sw_sw, RGB

Data.gov (United States)

Earth Data Analysis Center, University of New Mexico — Wilson and Company collected and processed multi-spectral (red, green, blue, near-infrared) digital aerial imagery of the Las Conchas Fire that burned in the Santa...
2011 Las Conchas Post Fire, h235106_ne_nw, CIR

Data.gov (United States)

Earth Data Analysis Center, University of New Mexico — Wilson and Company collected and processed multi-spectral (red, green, blue, near-infrared) digital aerial imagery of the Las Conchas Fire that burned in the Santa...
2011 Las Conchas Post Fire, g335106_sw_se, RGB

Data.gov (United States)

Earth Data Analysis Center, University of New Mexico — Wilson and Company collected and processed multi-spectral (red, green, blue, near-infrared) digital aerial imagery of the Las Conchas Fire that burned in the Santa...
2011 Las Conchas Post Fire, g335106_se_nw, CIR

Data.gov (United States)

Earth Data Analysis Center, University of New Mexico — Wilson and Company collected and processed multi-spectral (red, green, blue, near-infrared) digital aerial imagery of the Las Conchas Fire that burned in the Santa...
2011 Las Conchas Post Fire, h235106_se_ne, RGB

Data.gov (United States)

Earth Data Analysis Center, University of New Mexico — Wilson and Company collected and processed multi-spectral (red, green, blue, near-infrared) digital aerial imagery of the Las Conchas Fire that burned in the Santa...
2011 Las Conchas Post Fire, h635106_se_se, RGB

Data.gov (United States)

Earth Data Analysis Center, University of New Mexico — Wilson and Company collected and processed multi-spectral (red, green, blue, near-infrared) digital aerial imagery of the Las Conchas Fire that burned in the Santa...
2011 Las Conchas Post Fire, h435106_ne_sw, RGB

Data.gov (United States)

Earth Data Analysis Center, University of New Mexico — Wilson and Company collected and processed multi-spectral (red, green, blue, near-infrared) digital aerial imagery of the Las Conchas Fire that burned in the Santa...
2011 Las Conchas Post Fire, h535106_ne_ne, CIR

Data.gov (United States)

Earth Data Analysis Center, University of New Mexico — Wilson and Company collected and processed multi-spectral (red, green, blue, near-infrared) digital aerial imagery of the Las Conchas Fire that burned in the Santa...

2011 Las Conchas Post Fire, a536106_sw_se, RGB

Data.gov (United States)

Earth Data Analysis Center, University of New Mexico — Wilson and Company collected and processed multi-spectral (red, green, blue, near-infrared) digital aerial imagery of the Las Conchas Fire that burned in the Santa...
2011 Las Conchas Post Fire, f335106_nw_sw, RGB

Data.gov (United States)

Earth Data Analysis Center, University of New Mexico — Wilson and Company collected and processed multi-spectral (red, green, blue, near-infrared) digital aerial imagery of the Las Conchas Fire that burned in the Santa...
2011 Las Conchas Post Fire, f335106_se_sw, CIR

Data.gov (United States)

Earth Data Analysis Center, University of New Mexico — Wilson and Company collected and processed multi-spectral (red, green, blue, near-infrared) digital aerial imagery of the Las Conchas Fire that burned in the Santa...
2011 Las Conchas Post Fire, a436106_sw_nw, CIR

Data.gov (United States)

Earth Data Analysis Center, University of New Mexico — Wilson and Company collected and processed multi-spectral (red, green, blue, near-infrared) digital aerial imagery of the Las Conchas Fire that burned in the Santa...
2011 Las Conchas Post Fire, h335106_ne_sw, CIR

Data.gov (United States)

Earth Data Analysis Center, University of New Mexico — Wilson and Company collected and processed multi-spectral (red, green, blue, near-infrared) digital aerial imagery of the Las Conchas Fire that burned in the Santa...
2011 Las Conchas Post Fire, e535106_se_ne, RGB

Data.gov (United States)

Earth Data Analysis Center, University of New Mexico — Wilson and Company collected and processed multi-spectral (red, green, blue, near-infrared) digital aerial imagery of the Las Conchas Fire that burned in the Santa...
2011 Las Conchas Post Fire, a436106_sw_sw, CIR

Data.gov (United States)

Earth Data Analysis Center, University of New Mexico — Wilson and Company collected and processed multi-spectral (red, green, blue, near-infrared) digital aerial imagery of the Las Conchas Fire that burned in the Santa...
2011 Las Conchas Post Fire, h235106_se_nw, CIR

Data.gov (United States)

Earth Data Analysis Center, University of New Mexico — Wilson and Company collected and processed multi-spectral (red, green, blue, near-infrared) digital aerial imagery of the Las Conchas Fire that burned in the Santa...
2011 Las Conchas Post Fire, a436106_ne_sw, RGB

Data.gov (United States)

Earth Data Analysis Center, University of New Mexico — Wilson and Company collected and processed multi-spectral (red, green, blue, near-infrared) digital aerial imagery of the Las Conchas Fire that burned in the Santa...
2011 Las Conchas Post Fire, g435106_nw_se, CIR

Data.gov (United States)

Earth Data Analysis Center, University of New Mexico — Wilson and Company collected and processed multi-spectral (red, green, blue, near-infrared) digital aerial imagery of the Las Conchas Fire that burned in the Santa...
2011 Las Conchas Post Fire, a236106_se_nw, CIR

Data.gov (United States)

Earth Data Analysis Center, University of New Mexico — Wilson and Company collected and processed multi-spectral (red, green, blue, near-infrared) digital aerial imagery of the Las Conchas Fire that burned in the Santa...
2011 Las Conchas Post Fire, e435106_se_sw, CIR

Data.gov (United States)

Earth Data Analysis Center, University of New Mexico — Wilson and Company collected and processed multi-spectral (red, green, blue, near-infrared) digital aerial imagery of the Las Conchas Fire that burned in the Santa...
2011 Las Conchas Post Fire, g335106_sw_ne, CIR

Data.gov (United States)

Earth Data Analysis Center, University of New Mexico — Wilson and Company collected and processed multi-spectral (red, green, blue, near-infrared) digital aerial imagery of the Las Conchas Fire that burned in the Santa...
2011 Las Conchas Post Fire, g435106_sw_sw, RGB

Data.gov (United States)

Earth Data Analysis Center, University of New Mexico — Wilson and Company collected and processed multi-spectral (red, green, blue, near-infrared) digital aerial imagery of the Las Conchas Fire that burned in the Santa...
2011 Las Conchas Post Fire, g535106_se_sw, RGB

Data.gov (United States)

Earth Data Analysis Center, University of New Mexico — Wilson and Company collected and processed multi-spectral (red, green, blue, near-infrared) digital aerial imagery of the Las Conchas Fire that burned in the Santa...
2011 Las Conchas Post Fire, a236106_sw_se, RGB

Data.gov (United States)

Earth Data Analysis Center, University of New Mexico — Wilson and Company collected and processed multi-spectral (red, green, blue, near-infrared) digital aerial imagery of the Las Conchas Fire that burned in the Santa...
2011 Las Conchas Post Fire, h335106_se_se, CIR

Data.gov (United States)

Earth Data Analysis Center, University of New Mexico — Wilson and Company collected and processed multi-spectral (red, green, blue, near-infrared) digital aerial imagery of the Las Conchas Fire that burned in the Santa...
2011 Las Conchas Post Fire, e335106_sw_sw, CIR

Data.gov (United States)

Earth Data Analysis Center, University of New Mexico — Wilson and Company collected and processed multi-spectral (red, green, blue, near-infrared) digital aerial imagery of the Las Conchas Fire that burned in the Santa...
2011 Las Conchas Post Fire, f435106_nw_ne, CIR

Data.gov (United States)

Earth Data Analysis Center, University of New Mexico — Wilson and Company collected and processed multi-spectral (red, green, blue, near-infrared) digital aerial imagery of the Las Conchas Fire that burned in the Santa...
2011 Las Conchas Post Fire, h435106_sw_ne, RGB

Data.gov (United States)

Earth Data Analysis Center, University of New Mexico — Wilson and Company collected and processed multi-spectral (red, green, blue, near-infrared) digital aerial imagery of the Las Conchas Fire that burned in the Santa...

2011 Las Conchas Post Fire, h535106_sw_nw, CIR

Data.gov (United States)

Earth Data Analysis Center, University of New Mexico — Wilson and Company collected and processed multi-spectral (red, green, blue, near-infrared) digital aerial imagery of the Las Conchas Fire that burned in the Santa...
2011 Las Conchas Post Fire, e335106_nw_sw, CIR

Data.gov (United States)

Earth Data Analysis Center, University of New Mexico — Wilson and Company collected and processed multi-spectral (red, green, blue, near-infrared) digital aerial imagery of the Las Conchas Fire that burned in the Santa...
2011 Las Conchas Post Fire, a336106_se_ne, RGB

Data.gov (United States)

Earth Data Analysis Center, University of New Mexico — Wilson and Company collected and processed multi-spectral (red, green, blue, near-infrared) digital aerial imagery of the Las Conchas Fire that burned in the Santa...
2011 Las Conchas Post Fire, a436106_sw_ne, CIR

Data.gov (United States)

Earth Data Analysis Center, University of New Mexico — Wilson and Company collected and processed multi-spectral (red, green, blue, near-infrared) digital aerial imagery of the Las Conchas Fire that burned in the Santa...
2011 Las Conchas Post Fire, h335106_nw_se, RGB

Data.gov (United States)

Earth Data Analysis Center, University of New Mexico — Wilson and Company collected and processed multi-spectral (red, green, blue, near-infrared) digital aerial imagery of the Las Conchas Fire that burned in the Santa...
2011 Las Conchas Post Fire, g335106_sw_sw, RGB

Data.gov (United States)

Earth Data Analysis Center, University of New Mexico — Wilson and Company collected and processed multi-spectral (red, green, blue, near-infrared) digital aerial imagery of the Las Conchas Fire that burned in the Santa...
2011 Las Conchas Post Fire, g535106_sw_sw, CIR

Data.gov (United States)

Earth Data Analysis Center, University of New Mexico — Wilson and Company collected and processed multi-spectral (red, green, blue, near-infrared) digital aerial imagery of the Las Conchas Fire that burned in the Santa...
2011 Las Conchas Post Fire, h335106_se_ne, CIR

Data.gov (United States)

Earth Data Analysis Center, University of New Mexico — Wilson and Company collected and processed multi-spectral (red, green, blue, near-infrared) digital aerial imagery of the Las Conchas Fire that burned in the Santa...
2011 Las Conchas Post Fire, f535106_sw_ne, CIR

Data.gov (United States)

Earth Data Analysis Center, University of New Mexico — Wilson and Company collected and processed multi-spectral (red, green, blue, near-infrared) digital aerial imagery of the Las Conchas Fire that burned in the Santa...
2011 Las Conchas Post Fire, a336106_nw_nw, CIR

Data.gov (United States)

Earth Data Analysis Center, University of New Mexico — Wilson and Company collected and processed multi-spectral (red, green, blue, near-infrared) digital aerial imagery of the Las Conchas Fire that burned in the Santa...
2011 Las Conchas Post Fire, h435106_ne_nw, CIR

Data.gov (United States)

Earth Data Analysis Center, University of New Mexico — Wilson and Company collected and processed multi-spectral (red, green, blue, near-infrared) digital aerial imagery of the Las Conchas Fire that burned in the Santa...
2011 Las Conchas Post Fire, h435106_sw_nw, RGB

Data.gov (United States)

Earth Data Analysis Center, University of New Mexico — Wilson and Company collected and processed multi-spectral (red, green, blue, near-infrared) digital aerial imagery of the Las Conchas Fire that burned in the Santa...
2011 Las Conchas Post Fire, g335106_nw_nw, CIR

Data.gov (United States)

Earth Data Analysis Center, University of New Mexico — Wilson and Company collected and processed multi-spectral (red, green, blue, near-infrared) digital aerial imagery of the Las Conchas Fire that burned in the Santa...
2011 Las Conchas Post Fire, g435106_nw_se, RGB

Data.gov (United States)

Earth Data Analysis Center, University of New Mexico — Wilson and Company collected and processed multi-spectral (red, green, blue, near-infrared) digital aerial imagery of the Las Conchas Fire that burned in the Santa...
2011 Las Conchas Post Fire, g535106_ne_se, CIR

Data.gov (United States)

Earth Data Analysis Center, University of New Mexico — Wilson and Company collected and processed multi-spectral (red, green, blue, near-infrared) digital aerial imagery of the Las Conchas Fire that burned in the Santa...
2011 Las Conchas Post Fire, f335106_nw_nw, CIR

Data.gov (United States)

Earth Data Analysis Center, University of New Mexico — Wilson and Company collected and processed multi-spectral (red, green, blue, near-infrared) digital aerial imagery of the Las Conchas Fire that burned in the Santa...
2011 Las Conchas Post Fire, e435106_se_se, CIR

Data.gov (United States)

Earth Data Analysis Center, University of New Mexico — Wilson and Company collected and processed multi-spectral (red, green, blue, near-infrared) digital aerial imagery of the Las Conchas Fire that burned in the Santa...
2011 Las Conchas Post Fire, e535106_sw_ne, CIR

Data.gov (United States)

Earth Data Analysis Center, University of New Mexico — Wilson and Company collected and processed multi-spectral (red, green, blue, near-infrared) digital aerial imagery of the Las Conchas Fire that burned in the Santa...
2011 Las Conchas Post Fire, f435106_nw_sw, RGB

Data.gov (United States)

Earth Data Analysis Center, University of New Mexico — Wilson and Company collected and processed multi-spectral (red, green, blue, near-infrared) digital aerial imagery of the Las Conchas Fire that burned in the Santa...
2011 Las Conchas Post Fire, e435106_nw_se, CIR

Data.gov (United States)

Earth Data Analysis Center, University of New Mexico — Wilson and Company collected and processed multi-spectral (red, green, blue, near-infrared) digital aerial imagery of the Las Conchas Fire that burned in the Santa...

2011 Las Conchas Post Fire, a136106_sw_nw, CIR

Data.gov (United States)

Earth Data Analysis Center, University of New Mexico — Wilson and Company collected and processed multi-spectral (red, green, blue, near-infrared) digital aerial imagery of the Las Conchas Fire that burned in the Santa...
2011 Las Conchas Post Fire, d535106_ne_ne, CIR

Data.gov (United States)

Earth Data Analysis Center, University of New Mexico — Wilson and Company collected and processed multi-spectral (red, green, blue, near-infrared) digital aerial imagery of the Las Conchas Fire that burned in the Santa...
2011 Las Conchas Post Fire, g235106_sw_ne, RGB

Data.gov (United States)

Earth Data Analysis Center, University of New Mexico — Wilson and Company collected and processed multi-spectral (red, green, blue, near-infrared) digital aerial imagery of the Las Conchas Fire that burned in the Santa...
2011 Las Conchas Post Fire, a536106_se_sw, RGB

Data.gov (United States)

Earth Data Analysis Center, University of New Mexico — Wilson and Company collected and processed multi-spectral (red, green, blue, near-infrared) digital aerial imagery of the Las Conchas Fire that burned in the Santa...
2011 Las Conchas Post Fire, e435106_se_sw, RGB

Data.gov (United States)

Earth Data Analysis Center, University of New Mexico — Wilson and Company collected and processed multi-spectral (red, green, blue, near-infrared) digital aerial imagery of the Las Conchas Fire that burned in the Santa...
2011 Las Conchas Post Fire, h335106_nw_sw, RGB

Data.gov (United States)

Earth Data Analysis Center, University of New Mexico — Wilson and Company collected and processed multi-spectral (red, green, blue, near-infrared) digital aerial imagery of the Las Conchas Fire that burned in the Santa...
2011 Las Conchas Post Fire, a136106_sw_se, CIR

Data.gov (United States)

Earth Data Analysis Center, University of New Mexico — Wilson and Company collected and processed multi-spectral (red, green, blue, near-infrared) digital aerial imagery of the Las Conchas Fire that burned in the Santa...
2011 Las Conchas Post Fire, e435106_se_ne, CIR

Data.gov (United States)

Earth Data Analysis Center, University of New Mexico — Wilson and Company collected and processed multi-spectral (red, green, blue, near-infrared) digital aerial imagery of the Las Conchas Fire that burned in the Santa...
2011 Las Conchas Post Fire, f335106_se_nw, CIR

Data.gov (United States)

Earth Data Analysis Center, University of New Mexico — Wilson and Company collected and processed multi-spectral (red, green, blue, near-infrared) digital aerial imagery of the Las Conchas Fire that burned in the Santa...
2011 Las Conchas Post Fire, a236106_sw_sw, RGB

Data.gov (United States)

Earth Data Analysis Center, University of New Mexico — Wilson and Company collected and processed multi-spectral (red, green, blue, near-infrared) digital aerial imagery of the Las Conchas Fire that burned in the Santa...
2011 Las Conchas Post Fire, d535106_ne_ne, RGB

Data.gov (United States)

Earth Data Analysis Center, University of New Mexico — Wilson and Company collected and processed multi-spectral (red, green, blue, near-infrared) digital aerial imagery of the Las Conchas Fire that burned in the Santa...
2011 Las Conchas Post Fire, g535106_ne_se, RGB

Data.gov (United States)

Earth Data Analysis Center, University of New Mexico — Wilson and Company collected and processed multi-spectral (red, green, blue, near-infrared) digital aerial imagery of the Las Conchas Fire that burned in the Santa...
2011 Las Conchas Post Fire, a236106_se_sw, RGB

Data.gov (United States)

Earth Data Analysis Center, University of New Mexico — Wilson and Company collected and processed multi-spectral (red, green, blue, near-infrared) digital aerial imagery of the Las Conchas Fire that burned in the Santa...
2011 Las Conchas Post Fire, f235106_nw_nw, RGB

Data.gov (United States)

Earth Data Analysis Center, University of New Mexico — Wilson and Company collected and processed multi-spectral (red, green, blue, near-infrared) digital aerial imagery of the Las Conchas Fire that burned in the Santa...
2011 Las Conchas Post Fire, h235106_ne_ne, RGB

Data.gov (United States)

Earth Data Analysis Center, University of New Mexico — Wilson and Company collected and processed multi-spectral (red, green, blue, near-infrared) digital aerial imagery of the Las Conchas Fire that burned in the Santa...
2011 Las Conchas Post Fire, f435106_sw_ne, RGB

Data.gov (United States)

Earth Data Analysis Center, University of New Mexico — Wilson and Company collected and processed multi-spectral (red, green, blue, near-infrared) digital aerial imagery of the Las Conchas Fire that burned in the Santa...
2011 Las Conchas Post Fire, a536106_se_sw, CIR

Data.gov (United States)

Earth Data Analysis Center, University of New Mexico — Wilson and Company collected and processed multi-spectral (red, green, blue, near-infrared) digital aerial imagery of the Las Conchas Fire that burned in the Santa...
2011 Las Conchas Post Fire, f535106_se_sw, CIR

Data.gov (United States)

Earth Data Analysis Center, University of New Mexico — Wilson and Company collected and processed multi-spectral (red, green, blue, near-infrared) digital aerial imagery of the Las Conchas Fire that burned in the Santa...
2011 Las Conchas Post Fire, f435106_nw_ne, RGB

Data.gov (United States)

Earth Data Analysis Center, University of New Mexico — Wilson and Company collected and processed multi-spectral (red, green, blue, near-infrared) digital aerial imagery of the Las Conchas Fire that burned in the Santa...
2011 Las Conchas Post Fire, e335106_sw_sw, RGB

Data.gov (United States)

Earth Data Analysis Center, University of New Mexico — Wilson and Company collected and processed multi-spectral (red, green, blue, near-infrared) digital aerial imagery of the Las Conchas Fire that burned in the Santa...

2011 Las Conchas Post Fire, d335106_nw_nw, RGB

Data.gov (United States)

Earth Data Analysis Center, University of New Mexico — Wilson and Company collected and processed multi-spectral (red, green, blue, near-infrared) digital aerial imagery of the Las Conchas Fire that burned in the Santa...
2011 Las Conchas Post Fire, h335106_sw_nw, RGB

Data.gov (United States)

Earth Data Analysis Center, University of New Mexico — Wilson and Company collected and processed multi-spectral (red, green, blue, near-infrared) digital aerial imagery of the Las Conchas Fire that burned in the Santa...
2011 Las Conchas Post Fire, f635106_ne_se, RGB

Data.gov (United States)

Earth Data Analysis Center, University of New Mexico — Wilson and Company collected and processed multi-spectral (red, green, blue, near-infrared) digital aerial imagery of the Las Conchas Fire that burned in the Santa...
2011 Las Conchas Post Fire, e535106_sw_nw, CIR

Data.gov (United States)

Earth Data Analysis Center, University of New Mexico — Wilson and Company collected and processed multi-spectral (red, green, blue, near-infrared) digital aerial imagery of the Las Conchas Fire that burned in the Santa...
2011 Las Conchas Post Fire, h535106_ne_sw, CIR

Data.gov (United States)

Earth Data Analysis Center, University of New Mexico — Wilson and Company collected and processed multi-spectral (red, green, blue, near-infrared) digital aerial imagery of the Las Conchas Fire that burned in the Santa...
2011 Las Conchas Post Fire, f535106_se_se, RGB

Data.gov (United States)

Earth Data Analysis Center, University of New Mexico — Wilson and Company collected and processed multi-spectral (red, green, blue, near-infrared) digital aerial imagery of the Las Conchas Fire that burned in the Santa...
2011 Las Conchas Post Fire, g335106_nw_ne, CIR

Data.gov (United States)

Earth Data Analysis Center, University of New Mexico — Wilson and Company collected and processed multi-spectral (red, green, blue, near-infrared) digital aerial imagery of the Las Conchas Fire that burned in the Santa...
2011 Las Conchas Post Fire, e535106_sw_se, RGB

Data.gov (United States)

Earth Data Analysis Center, University of New Mexico — Wilson and Company collected and processed multi-spectral (red, green, blue, near-infrared) digital aerial imagery of the Las Conchas Fire that burned in the Santa...
2011 Las Conchas Post Fire, e435106_sw_ne, RGB

Data.gov (United States)

Earth Data Analysis Center, University of New Mexico — Wilson and Company collected and processed multi-spectral (red, green, blue, near-infrared) digital aerial imagery of the Las Conchas Fire that burned in the Santa...
2011 Las Conchas Post Fire, f335106_nw_nw, RGB

Data.gov (United States)

Earth Data Analysis Center, University of New Mexico — Wilson and Company collected and processed multi-spectral (red, green, blue, near-infrared) digital aerial imagery of the Las Conchas Fire that burned in the Santa...
2011 Las Conchas Post Fire, e535106_nw_sw, RGB

Data.gov (United States)

Earth Data Analysis Center, University of New Mexico — Wilson and Company collected and processed multi-spectral (red, green, blue, near-infrared) digital aerial imagery of the Las Conchas Fire that burned in the Santa...
2011 Las Conchas Post Fire, d431506_ne_ne, CIR

Data.gov (United States)

Earth Data Analysis Center, University of New Mexico — Wilson and Company collected and processed multi-spectral (red, green, blue, near-infrared) digital aerial imagery of the Las Conchas Fire that burned in the Santa...
2011 Las Conchas Post Fire, d431506_ne_se, RGB

Data.gov (United States)

Earth Data Analysis Center, University of New Mexico — Wilson and Company collected and processed multi-spectral (red, green, blue, near-infrared) digital aerial imagery of the Las Conchas Fire that burned in the Santa...
2011 Las Conchas Post Fire, h435106_ne_nw, RGB

Data.gov (United States)

Earth Data Analysis Center, University of New Mexico — Wilson and Company collected and processed multi-spectral (red, green, blue, near-infrared) digital aerial imagery of the Las Conchas Fire that burned in the Santa...
2011 Las Conchas Post Fire, f235106_nw_sw, CIR

Data.gov (United States)

Earth Data Analysis Center, University of New Mexico — Wilson and Company collected and processed multi-spectral (red, green, blue, near-infrared) digital aerial imagery of the Las Conchas Fire that burned in the Santa...
Preliminary study of favorability for uranium of the Sangre de Cristo Formation in the Las Vegas basin, northeastern New Mexico

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

May, R.T.; Strand, J.R.; Reid, B.E.; Phillips, W.R.

1977-12-01

Uranium favorability of the Sangre de Cristo Formation (Pennsylvanian-Permian) in the Las Vegas basin has been evaluated. The Las Vegas basin project area, located in Colfax, Mora, and San Miguel Counties, New Mexico, comprises about 3,489 sq mi. The formation contains sedimentologic and stratigraphic characteristics that are considered favorable for uranium deposition. Field investigations consisted of section measuring, rock sampling, and ground radiometric reconnaissance. North-south and east-west cross sections of the basin were prepared from well logs and measured sections. Petrographic, chemical, and spectrographic analyses were conducted on selected samples. Stratigraphic and sedimentologic information were used to determine depositional environments. The most favorable potential host rocks include red to pink, coarse-grained, poorly sorted, feldspathic to arkosic lenticular sandstones with stacked sandstone thicknesses of more than 20 ft and sandstone-to-shale ratios between 1:1 and 2:1. The sandstone is interbedded with mudstone and contains carbonaceous debris and anomalous concentrations of uranium locally. Areas of maximum favorability are found in a braided-stream, alluvial-plain depositional environment in the north-central part of the Las Vegas basin. There, carbonaceous material is well preserved, probably due to rapid subsidence and burial. Furthermore, uranium favorability is highest in the lower half of the formation because carbonaceous wood and plant fragments, as well as known uranium deposits, are concentrated in this zone. Piedmont deposits in the north and east, and meander-belt, alluvial-plain deposits in the south, are not considered favorable because of the paucity of uranium deposits and a minimum of carbonaceous material
Disparities in undiagnosed diabetes among United States-Mexico border populations Disparidades en la prevalencia de diabetes no diagnosticada en las poblaciones residentes en la frontera México-Estados Unidos

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Pamela Stoddard

2010-09-01

Full Text Available OBJECTIVE: To compare the prevalence of undiagnosed diabetes among populations with diabetes living on the United States (U.S.-Mexico border, examine explanations for differences between groups, and investigate differences in metabolic outcomes by diagnosis status. METHODS: Data come from the U.S.-Mexico Border Diabetes Prevention and Control Project survey (2001-2002, which used a stratified, multistage design. The sample included 603 adults (18 years or older with diabetes. Undiagnosed diabetes was defined as a fasting plasma glucose (FPG value of > 126 mg/dL and no report of diagnosis. Logistic regression was used to compare the odds of being undiagnosed among border populations with diabetes. Metabolic outcomes included FPG, glycosylated hemoglobin, and mean arterial blood pressure. RESULTS: One in four adults with diabetes (25.9% living on the U.S.-Mexico border was undiagnosed. Mexicans (43.8% and Mexican immigrants (39.0% with diabetes were significantly more likely to be undiagnosed than were U.S.-born Hispanics (15.0%; P OBJETIVO: Comparar la prevalencia de diabetes no diagnosticada en la población con diabetes residente en la zona fronteriza entre México y los Estados Unidos; intentar explicar las diferencias entre grupos, e investigar las diferencias de los resultados metabólicos según la situación diagnóstica. MÉTODOS: Los datos proceden de la encuesta del Proyecto de Prevención y Control de la Diabetes en la Frontera México-Estados Unidos (2001-2002, que utilizó un diseño estratificado polietápico. La muestra incluyó a 603 adultos (> 18 años con diabetes. Se definió como diabetes no diagnosticada una glucemia plasmática en ayunas > 126 mg/dl sin diagnóstico previo. Se utilizó un modelo de regresión logística para comparar la probabilidad de que la diabetes no fuera diagnosticada en las poblaciones fronterizas. Los resultados metabólicos incluyeron la glucemia plasmática en ayunas, la hemoglobina glicosilada (Hb
ASPECTOS HIDROLOGICOS DE LAS LAGUNAS DE ATASTA Y POM, MEXICO

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Alejandro Ruiz-MarÃn

2009-01-01

Full Text Available Las lagunas de Pom y Atasta forman parte del Ã¡rea natural protegida de flora y fauna laguna de TÃ©rminos en la regiÃ³n de Campeche, MÃ©xico. Esta es unaÂ importante Ã¡rea ecolÃ³gica ya que es el habitad de muchas especies nativas y migratorias. Estas lagunas han sido afectadas por actividades industriales y por descargas de aguas residuales. Monitoreo de nitrÃ³geno, fÃ³sforo y coliformes fecales en agua superficial fueron realizados a lo largo de ambas lagunas durante las temporadas de seca, lluvia y nortes durante un aÃ±o. Las altas temperaturas en verano (31 ÂºC y mÃnimas en nortes (25ÂºC fueron asociadas con valores de oxigeno disuelto (5.1 y 6.3 mg l-1, respectivamente indicando tambiÃ©n una probable relaciÃ³n con la actividad fitoplanctonica. El pH (8.0-8.2 y la salinidad (0.32 - 3.48 UPS no mostraron variaciÃ³n significativa entre las tres temporadas climÃ¡ticas. El nivel de amonio no fue mayor a los valores sugeridos para el control de eutroficaciÃ³n (0.1 mg l-1, mientras que los niveles de fÃ³sforo fueron de mayor concentraciÃ³n (2.0-3.5 mg l-1 que aquellos considerados seguros (0.01-0.125 mg l-1 para el medio ambiente. Las mÃ¡s altas concentraciones de N y P cerca de las Ã¡reas habitadas sugiere un importante contribuciÃ³n de nutrientes provenientes de aguas de desecho, asociado con la descomposiciÃ³n de material orgÃ¡nico. La concentraciÃ³n de coliformes fecales durante la temporada de lluvias y nortes (8.0-26.0 MPN 100 ml-1 fue mayor que durante la temporada de seca (1.3-3.5 MPN 100 ml-1 sugiriendo un importante acceso por escurrimiento pluvial y aguas residuales no tratadas proveniente de las Ã¡reas cercanas al lago habitadas. La deforestaciÃ³n de manglares y la descontrolada actividad de agricultura afectaran la calidad del agua en ambos lagos en el futuro.
Energy scenarios and greenhouse effect gases emissions model for Mexico; Modelo de escenarios energeticos y de emisiones de gases de efecto invernadero para Mexico

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Sheinbaum Pardo, Claudia; Rodriguez Viqueira, Luis [Instituto de Ingenieria de la UNAM, Mexico, D. F. (Mexico)

1998-12-31

This paper presents the bases for the Model of Energy and Greenhouse Emission Scenarios (MEEEM) developed by the Instituto de Ingenieria de la UNAM (Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico`s Engineering Institute). This model was built with the objective of analyzing the different technological options for the mitigation of the greenhouse gases effect on Mexico. The MEEEM is a model for the end uses that simulate in a simple way the energy demand, transformation and supply and calculates the differential leveled costs among a basic scenario and several mitigation scenarios of the greenhouse emissions. The article also presents some of the results in evaluating three technologies of renewable energy sources. Although the model is perfectible, its development shows its usefulness in this type of models in the decision taking for the energy and environmental planning of the country. [Espanol] Este articulo presenta las bases del Modelo de Escenarios Energeticos y de Emisiones de Gases de Efecto Invernadero para Mexico (MEEEM), desarrollado por el Instituto de Ingenieria de la Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico (UNAM). Este modelo fue construido con el objetivo de analizar las diversas opciones tecnologicas de mitigacion de gases de efecto invernadero para Mexico. El MEEEM es un modelo de usos finales que simula de una manera sencilla, la demanda, transformacion y oferta de la energia y calcula la diferencia de costos nivelados entre un escenario base y diversos escenarios de mitigacion de emisiones de gases de efecto invernadero. El articulo presenta tambien algunos resultados obtenidos al evaluar tres tecnologias de fuentes renovables de energia. Aun cuando el modelo es perfectible, su desarrollo demuestra la utilidad de este tipo de modelos en la toma de decisiones para planeacion energetica y ambiental del pais.
Energy scenarios and greenhouse effect gases emissions model for Mexico; Modelo de escenarios energeticos y de emisiones de gases de efecto invernadero para Mexico

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Sheinbaum Pardo, Claudia; Rodriguez Viqueira, Luis [Instituto de Ingenieria de la UNAM, Mexico, D. F. (Mexico)

1999-12-31

This paper presents the bases for the Model of Energy and Greenhouse Emission Scenarios (MEEEM) developed by the Instituto de Ingenieria de la UNAM (Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico`s Engineering Institute). This model was built with the objective of analyzing the different technological options for the mitigation of the greenhouse gases effect on Mexico. The MEEEM is a model for the end uses that simulate in a simple way the energy demand, transformation and supply and calculates the differential leveled costs among a basic scenario and several mitigation scenarios of the greenhouse emissions. The article also presents some of the results in evaluating three technologies of renewable energy sources. Although the model is perfectible, its development shows its usefulness in this type of models in the decision taking for the energy and environmental planning of the country. [Espanol] Este articulo presenta las bases del Modelo de Escenarios Energeticos y de Emisiones de Gases de Efecto Invernadero para Mexico (MEEEM), desarrollado por el Instituto de Ingenieria de la Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico (UNAM). Este modelo fue construido con el objetivo de analizar las diversas opciones tecnologicas de mitigacion de gases de efecto invernadero para Mexico. El MEEEM es un modelo de usos finales que simula de una manera sencilla, la demanda, transformacion y oferta de la energia y calcula la diferencia de costos nivelados entre un escenario base y diversos escenarios de mitigacion de emisiones de gases de efecto invernadero. El articulo presenta tambien algunos resultados obtenidos al evaluar tres tecnologias de fuentes renovables de energia. Aun cuando el modelo es perfectible, su desarrollo demuestra la utilidad de este tipo de modelos en la toma de decisiones para planeacion energetica y ambiental del pais.

First discussion for fostering the photovoltaic energy in Mexico; Primer coloquio para el fomento de la energia fotovoltaica en Mexico

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2007-06-15

The varied spheres (political, environmental, economic, scientific and social) day by day are looking for the key issues, which are going to make them to preserve or disappear either in the present or in the future. Therefore, it was carried out the first conversation in the State of Zacatecas, Mexico. Here there were shown different advances related to the renewable energies by those spheres. Generally speaking, it was in this event where there were gather together private and government organs in order to present every issue related to the use and to the promotion of the renewable energies. By these means, it was probed that the renewable energies are: the current market, the groundbreaking technology, the best option friendly-environment, the panacea for the society and for the improvement of the economy of many countries both developing countries and developed countries. The renewable energy topic is seen from different point of views. [Spanish] Las diferentes esferas que rigen el dia a dia; es decir, la politica, el medio ambiente, la economia, las ciencias y la sociedad, siempre estan en busca de cuestiones que las hagan crecer y evolucionar para asi seguir ocupando un espacio no solo en el presente sino tambien en el futuro. En esta ocasion fue en el primer coloquio, realizado en el Estado de Zacatecas, Mexico, donde dichas esferas se reunieron con el fin de mostrar sus diversos avances acerca de las energias fotovoltaicas. En otras palabras, fue en este coloquio donde se reunieron organos privados y gubernamentales con el fin de mostrar todo lo relacionado con el uso y la promocion de las energias renovables. Comprobando que las energias renovables son tanto: el mercado de hoy, la tecnologia de punta, la mejor opcion ambiental, la panacea para la sociedad y para la mejora de la economia de muchos paises en vias de desarrollo y de primer mundo. En estas ponencias no solo se habla de las energias renovables desde un aspecto cientifico, sino tambien financiero
NORAD: A Model to Address Gaps in US-Mexico Security Coordination

Science.gov (United States)

2016-05-26

militares y oficiales de Estado Mayor a las Operaciones de Mantenimiento de la Paz de la ONU,” Secretaría de Relaciones Exteriores, December 15, 2015...de- mantenimiento -de-la-paz-de-la-onu. 7 “Mexico as a Global Player,” Foreign Affairs, April 29, 2015, accessed January 17, 2016, https... Mantenimiento de la Paz de la ONU.” December 15, 2015. Accessed January 17, 2016. http://www.gob.mx/sre/prensa/mexico- envia-ocho-nuevos-observadores
Las Islas de los Changos (the Monkey Islands): the economic impact of ecotourism in the region of Los Tuxtlas, Veracruz, Mexico.

Science.gov (United States)

Serio-Silva, Juan Carlos

2006-05-01

This study evaluates the popularity and economic impact of Las Islas de los Changos (the Monkey Islands) as an ecotourism site on Lake Catemaco in the Los Tuxtlas region of Veracruz, Mexico. Two small island colonies of exotic primates, stumptail macaques (Macaca arctoides), have proved to be highly beneficial for the local economy as the main attraction for tourists in this region. From July 1991 to June 1992, data were collected on the number of tourists who took boat trips to visit the primates, and the amount of money spent on tours to the islands. The data suggest that at least 28,470 passengers visit these primate troops annually and spend approximately 88,970 U.S. dollars (USD). Follow-up questionnaires during July 1997 to June 2000 to hotelkeepers and tourist boat operators identified the Monkey Islands as the primary destination for tourists to this region. A comparison of the net income obtained by local ecotourism operators with wages earned through other types of employment in the Los Tuxtlas region, such as working in natural reserves, agriculture, or renting grazing land for cattle, show the relative importance of Las Islas de Los Changos in sustaining the local economy. 2005 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
UN HELICTERES NUEVO DE MEXICO, NEXO ENTRE LAS ESPECIES ASIATICAS y AMERICANAS

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Carmen L. Cristóbal

1987-01-01

Full Text Available Una nueva especie, Helicteres vegae (Sterculiaceae, de Sinaloa, México es descripta e ilustrada. Se encontró el número de cromosomas 2n = 18. H. vegae se compara con el resto de las especies mexicanas y se proporciona una clave. Su afinidad con la de Asia y las especies americanas es discutida. H. vegae junto con H. Rekoí y H.carthagenensis se consideran las más diferenciadas de las especies americanas. Se propone una posible área de origen de América para Helicteres , incluido en esta área se encuentran los otros dos nuevos géneros mundiales de la tribu Helictereae.
USO DE LAS TIC EN UN PROGRAMA EDUCATIVO DE LA UNIVERSIDAD VERACRUZANA, MÉXICO (USE OF ITC IN ONE EDUCATIVE PROGRAM OF VERACRUZANA UNIVERSITY, MEXICO

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Torres Gastelú Carlos Arturo

2011-06-01

Full Text Available Resumen:La incorporación de las Tecnologías de Información y Comunicación (TIC en el proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje en las universidades públicas mexicanas ha ocurrido de manera gradual, caracterizado por una serie de barreras en los académicos y estudiantes. En este sentido, es relevante conocer las percepciones del alumnado universitario en cuanto al uso de las TIC. Para ello, se presentan los resultados de un estudio que se encargó de analizar las actitudes, formación y uso productivo de estas tecnologías por parte de la población estudiantil universitaria. Se señalan las evidencias encontradas por la aplicación de grupos de discusión como estrategia cualitativa para conocer las voces de los alumnos del séptimo semestre del programa de estudios de Sistemas Computacionales Administrativos de la Universidad Veracruzana, México. Las aportaciones de este estudio destacan un limitado uso de las TIC en el proceso enseñanza-aprendizaje y una tendencia en reconocer al profesor como el eje central, a pesar de que esta universidad ha pugnado por un modelo de educación integral flexible caracterizado por el desarrollo de competencias que promueven el aprendizaje autónomo.Abstract: The incorporation of Information and Communication Technology (ICT in teaching-learning process in Mexican public universities has occurred gradually, characterized by a series of barriers to teachers and students. In this sense, it is important to know the perceptions of university students in the use of ICT. To this end, I present the results of a study commissioned to examine the attitudes training and productive use of these technologies by university students population. It notes the evidence founds by the application of focus groups as qualitative strategy to meet the voices of students of the seventh semester of Computer System Administration educative program of Veracruzana University in Mexico. The contributions of this study show a limited use of
Foreseeing techniques and control of emissions in thermal power plants. Workshop Latin American. [Selected Papers]; Control y tecnicas de prevision de las emisiones de centrales termoelectricas

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Saldana, R; Morales, F; Urrutia, M [eds.; Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas, Cuernavaca (Mexico)

1997-12-31

This document contains the conference proceedings of the Latin-American Workshop ``Control and Prevision Techniques of Emissions in Power Plants`` carried out in Cuernavaca, Mexico on June 1996, with the participation of representatives of Argentina, Chile, Guatemala, Colombia, Ecuador, Mexico, Nicaragua, Panama and Venezuela, as well as specialists from the European Union. The core issue analyzed in this workshop was the control and the evaluation techniques of polluting emissions in Power Plants [Espanol] Este documento contiene las memorias de conferencia del Taller Latinoamericano ``Control y tecnicas de prevision de las emisiones de centrales termoelectricas`` que se llevo a cabo en Cuernavaca, Mexico en junio de 1996. Participaron representantes de Argentina, Chile, Guatemala, Colombia, Ecuador, Mexico, Nicaragua, Panama y Venezuela, asi como especialistas de la Union Europea. El tema central tratado en este taller fue el control y tecnicas de evaluacion de las emisiones contaminantes en centrales termoelectricas
Foreseeing techniques and control of emissions in thermal power plants. Workshop Latin American. [Selected Papers]; Control y tecnicas de prevision de las emisiones de centrales termoelectricas

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Saldana, R.; Morales, F.; Urrutia, M. [eds.] [Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas, Cuernavaca (Mexico)

1996-12-31

This document contains the conference proceedings of the Latin-American Workshop ``Control and Prevision Techniques of Emissions in Power Plants`` carried out in Cuernavaca, Mexico on June 1996, with the participation of representatives of Argentina, Chile, Guatemala, Colombia, Ecuador, Mexico, Nicaragua, Panama and Venezuela, as well as specialists from the European Union. The core issue analyzed in this workshop was the control and the evaluation techniques of polluting emissions in Power Plants [Espanol] Este documento contiene las memorias de conferencia del Taller Latinoamericano ``Control y tecnicas de prevision de las emisiones de centrales termoelectricas`` que se llevo a cabo en Cuernavaca, Mexico en junio de 1996. Participaron representantes de Argentina, Chile, Guatemala, Colombia, Ecuador, Mexico, Nicaragua, Panama y Venezuela, asi como especialistas de la Union Europea. El tema central tratado en este taller fue el control y tecnicas de evaluacion de las emisiones contaminantes en centrales termoelectricas
San Juanico, BCS, Mexico, hybrid electric plant renewable energies in the rural communities development; Planta electrica hibrida San Juanico, B.C.S., Mexico, las energias renovables en el desarrollo de las comunidades rurales

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Lopez Rios, Serafin [Gerencia de Proyectos Geotermoelectricos, Comision Federal de Electricidad (Mexico)

1999-08-01

The hybrid electric plant of San Juanico, B.C.S., Mexico, is described in terms of its environmental goals, operating process and contribution to the development of that rural community of the Baja California Peninsula. San Juanico hybrid electric plant is organized in three electrical generation systems that work in parallel: one uses solar energy, another wind energy and a third one uses diesel fuel. [Spanish] Se describe la planta hibrida de San Juanico, BCS, Mexico, en terminos de los objetivos ambientales que condujeron a su realizacion, asi como de su proceso operativo y de la participacion que tiene en el desarrollo de esa comunidad rural de la peninsula de Baja California, Mexico. La planta hibrida de San Juanico esta constituida por tres sistemas de generacion de electrcicidad que operan en paralelo: uno utiliza energia radiante del sol, otro energia del viento y un tercero utiliza diesel.
Dynamic simulation of an office with windows with solar control filter: cases in Mexico and Canada; Simulacion dinamica de una oficina con una ventana con filtro de control solar: casos en Mexico y Canada

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Gijon Rivera, M. A.; Alvarez Garcia, G.; Xaman Villasenor, J. [Centro Nacional de Investigacion y Desarrollo Tecnologico, CENIDET-DGEST-SEP, Cuernavaca, Morelos (Mexico)]. E-mail: gaby@cenidet.edu.mx; I. Beausoleil-Morrison [Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Carleton University, Ottawa (Canada)]. E-mail: ibeausol@mae.carleton.ca

2010-11-15

The use of solar passive strategies in buildings with large glazed areas such as new solar control coatings in windows are becoming more important and helpful recently, mainly because those developments can help to reduce heat gains and/or losses through transparent materials, reduce energy consumption, and improving the environment inside buildings. This paper presents an assessment of thermal performance in an office building with a SnS-Cu{sub x}S solar control coating and its influence on indoor conditions. The simulations consider climates of Mexico city and Ottawa as a good representation of two extremely conditions to asses the thermal behaviour inside offices, energy consumption, costs for air conditioning, and the influence of interior heat transfer coefficient correlations on energy consumption. The results are shown with and without the solar control coating adhered in a clear glass and in a double window configuration. The case of the system glass-film is the worst configuration as result of the high temperatures in the internal surface impacting the air point temperature and increasing the energy consumption. In general, the double glass configuration presents the best conditions, showing higher benefits for the case in Mexico City than the case of Ottawa. [Spanish] Resulta importante implementar estrategias pasivas en estudios de edificaciones con grandes areas de ventanas, como es la implementacion de nuevos materiales de control solar en vidrios que ayudan a reducir las ganancias y/o perdidas de calor a traves de los materiales transparentes, y asi reducir el consumo de energia y mejorar las condiciones del confort interior de los edificios. Este estudio realiza una evaluacion del funcionamiento termico de una pelicula selectiva de SnS-Cu{sub x}S que permite algunas ventajas termicas y opticas en el ambiente interno. Las simulaciones dinamicas consideran climas de la Ciudad de Mexico y Ottawa , con resultados que muestran las condiciones de confort
ARTICULACIÓN PRODUCTIVA PARA LA INNOVACIÓN EN LAS PEQUEÑAS EMPRESAS ACUÍCOLAS DE LA REGIÓN OCCIDENTE DE MÉXICO.(PRODUCTIVE ARTICULATION FOR THE INNOVATION OF SMALL AQUACULTURE COMPANIES IN THE WESTERN REGION OF MEXICO

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Juan José Huerta Mata

2011-12-01

Full Text Available La realidad económica de nuestro país se ha orientado a encontrar nuevas formas de solucionar viejos problemas que atañen al sector primario, la acuicultura desarrollada desde las culturas primitivas de México ha crecido paulatinamente, mas como un esfuerzo constante por participar en actividades productivas de autoconsumo que con la intención de enfocar a las pequeñas empresas a formar proyectos conjuntos de articulación productiva y de desarrollo de Innovación. Este artículo de investigación, plantea tres aspectos esenciales: 1 las condiciones de las empresas rurales granjas acuícolas de la región occidente de México, en los estados de Colima, Jalisco, Michoacán y Nayarit, 2 Las modalidades de articulación productiva, redes o agrupamientos de organizaciones alrededor de las granjas acuícolas 3 Las características de los procesos de las granjas y su orientación a la innovación; la investigación analiza la manera en que las empresas, gobierno y la sociedad en su conjunto participan a través del trabajo común para la formalización de proyectos económicos que modifiquen a largo plazo las condiciones sociales de la población.Abstract:The economic reality of our country has been oriented to find new ways to solve old problems pertaining to the primary sector, aquaculture developed from the very primitive cultures in Mexico has grown gradually, more like a constant effort to participate in productive activities for self-consumption than intending to focus on small firms to form joint projects of productive articulation and development of innovation. This research article, poses Three essential aspects: 1 the conditions of rural enterprises aquaculture farms in the western region of Mexico, in the States of Colima, Jalisco, Michoacan and Nayarit, 2 modalities of productive articulation, networks or groupings of organizations around aquaculture farms 3 the characteristics of the processes on the farms and their orientation to
First assessment of low- to medium-temperature geothermal reserves in 20 Mexican states; Primera estimacion de las reservas geotermicas de temperatura intermedia a baja en veinte estados de Mexico

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Iglesias, Eduardo R.; Torres, Rodolfo J. [Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas, Gerencia de Geotermia, Cuernavaca, Morelos (Mexico)]. E-mail: iglesias@iie.org.mx

2009-07-15

A first, partial, assessment is included of the low- to medium-temperature geothermal reserves in 20 Mexican States and their aggregate value. The assessment covers about 29.16% of the identified geothermal-surface manifestations in the public database. For reserve assessments, we use the volumetric method, supplemented with Montecarlo simulations and statistics, to quantify inherent uncertainties. Our estimations are presented on a state-by-state basis. We estimate the aggregated reserves of the 20 states as between 7.7 x 1016 and 8.6 x 1016 kJ, with 90% confidence. The most likely reservoir temperatures range between 60-180 degrees Celsius, with a mean of 111 degrees Celsius. Such massive amounts of recoverable energy-and the associated temperatures-are potentially important for the economic development of nearby localities and the nation. [Spanish] En este trabajo se hace una primera estimacion, parcial, de las reservas geotermicas de temperatura intermedia a baja de Mexico. La estimacion incluye 29.16% de las manifestaciones geotermicas identificadas en la base de datos publica utilizada. Para estimar las reservas se utilizo el metodo de volumen, suplementado con simulaciones por el metodo de Montecarlo, con el fin de cuantificar las incertidumbres inherentes. Las estimaciones se presentan estado por estado. Estos resultados indican que las reservas agregadas de los 20 estados considerados estan entre 7.7 x 1016 y 8.6 x 1016 kJ, con 90% de confianza. La distribucion de las temperaturas de yacimiento mas probables varia entre aproximadamente 60 y 180 grados centigrados, con un valor medio de 111 grados centigrados. La enorme magnitud de estas reservas, y sus temperaturas asociadas, son potencialmente importantes para el desarrollo economico de las poblaciones ubicadas en su cercania.
P-{Delta} effects on the reliability of oil offshore jacket platforms in Mexico

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

De Leon-Escobedo, D. [Universidad Autonoma del Estado de Mexico, Toluca, Estado de Mexico (Mexico)]. E-mail: daviddeleonescobedo@yahoo.com.mx; Campos, D. [Instituto Mexicano del Petroleo (Mexico)]. E-mail: dcampos@imp.mx

2012-07-15

Given the important economic consequences of an oil platform failure, all the aspects of its structural behavior and safety issues need to be carefully considered. In particular, P-{Delta} effects on the deck legs of marine offshore jacket platforms may be relevant when the deck height and the vertical load are significant. In this paper, the impact of the moment amplification, due to slenderness of the deck legs, on the platform safety is examined and appraised from the viewpoint of the structural reliability. The formulation is applied to a typical tall deck marine platform under the environmental loading at the Bay of Campeche, Mexico, and its reliability index is calculated with and without the P-{Delta} effect. The results presented herein may be used to improve the current practice in the design and assessment of offshore marine platforms in Mexico and to update the current version of the code. [Spanish] Dadas las importantes consecuencias economicas de la falla de una plataforma petrolera, todos los aspectos de su comportamiento estructural y aspectos de seguridad necesitan considerarse cuidadosamente. En particular, los efectos P-{Delta} en las piernas de la cubierta de plataformas marinas costa fuera petroleras tipo jacket pueden ser relevantes cuando la altura de la cubierta y la intensidad de cargas verticales son significativas. En este articulo se examina el impacto que sobre la seguridad de la plataforma tiene la amplificacion de momentos, debido a la esbeltez de las piernas de la cubierta, y se evalua este impacto desde el punto de vista de confiabilidad estructural. La formulacion se aplica a una plataforma marina tipica, con cubierta alta, bajo la carga ambiental de la Bahia de Campeche, Mexico y se calcula su indice de confiabilidad con y sin el efecto P-{Delta}. Los resultados presentados aqui pueden usarse para mejorar las practicas actuales de diseno y evaluacion de plataformas marinas costa fuera en Mexico y para actualizar la version actual
The renewable sources of energy as a base for the sustainable development in Mexico; Las fuentes renovables de energia como base del desarrollo sostenible en Mexico

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Rincon Mejia, Eduardo A [Asociacion Nacional de Energia Solar, A. C. (Mexico)

2003-07-01

emigracion hacia otros paises, la preservacion de nuestros valiosos recursos petroliferos, reducir las importaciones de gas natural y LP , y en fin, lograr una radical mejora de la situacion economica y social del pais. La propuesta, que a primera vista puede parecer descabellada, pero que es perfectamente viable, tanto tecnica como economicamente, es la siguiente: basar el sistema energetico nacional en las fuentes renovables de energia (FRE), que en Mexico son muy abundantes, iniciando de inmediato el transito, del actual sistema basado en la quema de combustibles fosiles, como los hidrocarburos y el carbon mineral -que es del todo insostenible- hacia este nuevo sistema propuesto, sustentable y limpio, en un periodo de unos veinte anos, para que muchos de los que somos ya de edad avanzada, alcancemos a verlo y disfrutarlo.
The renewable sources of energy as a base for the sustainable development in Mexico; Las fuentes renovables de energia como base del desarrollo sostenible en Mexico

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Rincon Mejia, Eduardo A. [Asociacion Nacional de Energia Solar, A. C. (Mexico)

2003-07-01

emigracion hacia otros paises, la preservacion de nuestros valiosos recursos petroliferos, reducir las importaciones de gas natural y LP , y en fin, lograr una radical mejora de la situacion economica y social del pais. La propuesta, que a primera vista puede parecer descabellada, pero que es perfectamente viable, tanto tecnica como economicamente, es la siguiente: basar el sistema energetico nacional en las fuentes renovables de energia (FRE), que en Mexico son muy abundantes, iniciando de inmediato el transito, del actual sistema basado en la quema de combustibles fosiles, como los hidrocarburos y el carbon mineral -que es del todo insostenible- hacia este nuevo sistema propuesto, sustentable y limpio, en un periodo de unos veinte anos, para que muchos de los que somos ya de edad avanzada, alcancemos a verlo y disfrutarlo.
Evaluation of the energy potential, biogenesis and essential characteristics of the geothermal submarine systems in Mexico; Evaluacion del potencial, biogenesis y caracteristicas esenciales de los sistemas geotermicos submarinos en Mexico

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Suarez Arriaga, Mario Cesar [Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolas Hidalgo, Morelia, Michoacan (Mexico)

2004-12-01

profundidad, hasta los recursos geotermicos profundos, a mas de 3000 metros de profundidad. Las fuentes geotermicas no tradicionales incluyen las partes profundas y los limites de los reservorios hidrotermales tradicionales, los sistemas en roca seca o humeda caliente, los yacimientos geopresurizados del Golfo de Mexico y los sistemas submarinos hidrotermales observados principalmente en la costa norte mexicana del Oceano Pacifico. La energia geotermica submarina surge por la existencia de rupturas profundas en el fondo marino, a lo largo de los centros de dispersion oceanicos entre las placas tectonicas. Estos sistemas tienen una longitud total aproximada de 65,000 Km. en la corteza oceanica. Hay dos tipos basicos de sistemas marinos existentes en el Golfo de California: los recursos profundos, localizados a lo largo de las cordilleras entre las placas de la corteza oceanica a mas de 2000 m bajo el nivel del mar, y los recursos poco profundos cerca de las plataformas continentales, entre 20 y 50 metros de profundidad. El calor submarino poco profundo tambien se relaciona con fallas y fracturas en el fondo del mar cerca de algunas costas. Este subsistema se encuentra tambien en la costa de Punta Banda en Ensenada, Baja California. El potencial preliminar de la energia contenida en tales reservorios se estima, en promedio, en 1120 MWt por cada km3 de roca submarina. Las caracteristicas quimicas especificas de las aguas hidrotermales encontradas en esos sistemas oceanicos indican que las interacciones agua-roca, ocurren bajo condiciones de presion y temperatura altas. La energia geotermica submarina soporta ricas variedades de comunidades biologicas a profundidades donde las plantas no tienen acceso a la luz solar para realizar la fotosintesis. Hay indicios de que las posibles condiciones para la sintesis de sustancias y elementos quimicos necesaria para el origen de la vida primitiva, pudieron ser los sistemas hidrotermales submarinos.
A Comparison between General Population Mortality and Life Tables for Insurance in Mexico under Gender Proportion Inequality || Una comparación entre la mortalidad de la población general y las tablas de vida de los seguros en México ante porcentajes desiguales de género

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Ornelas, Arelly

2013-01-01

Full Text Available We model the mortality behavior of the general population in Mexico using data from 1990 to 2009 and compare it to the mortality assumed in the tables used in Mexico for insured lives. We _t a Lee-Carter model, a Renshaw-Haberman model and an Age-Period-Cohort model. The data used are drawn from the Mexican National Institute of Statistics and Geography (INEGI and the National Population Council (CONAPO. We also fit a Brass-type relational model to compare gaps between general population mortality and the mortality estimates for the insured population used by the National Insurance and Finance Commission in Mexico. As the life tables for insured lives are unisex, i.e. they do not differentiate between men and women, we assume various sex ratios in the mortality tables for insured lives. We compare our results with those obtained for Switzerland and observe very similar outcomes. We emphasize the limitations of the mortality tables used by insurance companies in Mexico. We also discuss the bias incurred when using unisex mortality tables if the proportion of male and female policyholders in an insurance company is not balanced. || Interesados en conocer las diferencias entre la mortalidad general y la de un subgrupo de la población, como son los asegurados en una compañía de seguros, hemos ajustado un modelo relacional Brass-Type. Para ello, en primer lugar, hemos modelado el comportamiento de la mortalidad de la población general de México entre los años 1990 y 2009. Hemos ajustado un modelo Lee-Carter, un modelo Renshaw-Haberman y un modelo edad-período-cohorte. Los datos utilizados proceden del Instituto Nacional de Estadística y Geografía (INEGI y el Consejo Nacional de Población (CONAPO. Una vez estimadas las tasas de mortalidad se han comparado con la mortalidad asumida por las compañías aseguradoras mexicanas. Estas tasas de mortalidad han sido calculadas por la Comisión Nacional de Seguros y Finanzas de México. Como las
Cogeneration in Mexico: Weaknesses, Threats, strengths and opportunities; Cogeneracion en Mexico: Debilidades, amenazas, fortalezas y oportunidades

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Elizalde Baltierra, Alberto; Garcia Pelaez, Juan [Programa Universitario de Energia, UNAM (Mexico)

1997-07-01

In this paper the strategies are formulated and evaluated, taking into account the internal and external aspects of the cogeneration in Mexico that foment their development in the medium term (two or four years). In the formulation of strategies a matrix DAFO (Weaknesses, Threats, Strengths and Opportunities) is employed and in the evaluation is applied the procedure of analytical hierarchical structuring. The future on the cogeneration in the next years will depend on diverse factors, among which can be mentioned: the legal frame; the financial situation of the interested companies; the outsourcing of financing; the prices of the electricity and fuels, as well as their availability, among others. [Spanish] En este trabajo se formulan y evaluan estrategias que, tomando en cuenta los aspectos internos y externos de la cogeneracion en Mexico, fomenten su desarrollo en el mediano plazo (dos o cuatro anos). En la formulacion de estrategias se emplea la matriz DAFO (Debilidades, Amenazas, Fortalezas y Oportunidades) y en la evaluacion se aplica el procedimiento de jerarquizacion analitica. El futuro de la cogeneracion en los proximos anos dependera de diversos factores, entre los que se pueden mencionar: el marco legal; la situacion financiera de las empresas interesadas; las fuentes externas de financiamiento; los precios de la electricidad y de los combustibles, asi como su disponibilidad, entre otros.
First records of Eupompha imperialis (Wellman, 1912 (Coleoptera: Meloidae in Mexico

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López-Estrada, E. Karen

2015-06-01

Full Text Available Three populations of Eupompha imperialis (Wellman, 1912 were located in the Mexican states of Baja California and Sonora, in close proximity to the Mexico-USA border. These populations represent the first records for E. imperialis in Mexico. The specimens were observed in sandy areas of the Sonoran Desert, associated with flowering Tiquilia palmeri (Boraginaceae. These new records suggest that, despite the rarity of some species of Eupomphini, further exploration of the northernmost areas of Sonora and Baja California may increase the number of species of Eupomphini and other tribes of Meloidae present in Mexico.Se localizaron tres poblaciones de Eupompha imperialis (Wellman, 1912 en los estados mexicanos de Baja California y Sonora, en las proximidades de la frontera México-Estados Unidos. Estas poblaciones representan los primeros registros de E. imperialis en México. Los ejemplares de E. imperialis se observaron en zonas arenosas del desierto de Sonora, asociados a ejemplares en flor de Tiquilia palmeri (Boraginaceae. Estos nuevos registros sugieren que, a pesar de la rareza de algunas especies de Eupomphini, el desarrollo de nuevas exploraciones en las áreas más septentrionales de Sonora y Baja California permitiría incrementar el número de especies de Eupomphini y de otras tribus de Meloidae presentes en México.
Diversity and structure of periphyton and metaphyton diatom communities in a tropical wetland in Mexico Diversidad y estructura de las comunidades de diatomeas del perifiton y el metafiton en un humedal tropical en México

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Claudia Ibarra

2009-12-01

Full Text Available We investigated the structure and diversity of diatoms in communities of metaphyton and periphyton from the wetland of El Edén Ecological Reserve, Quintana Roo, Mexico. In spite of the close association and communication between these communities, our comparisons reveal that the 2 communities have distinct species assemblages, with the periphyton being more diverse overall. We fit abundance curves for periphyton and metaphyton, and argue that our results are consistent with communities where environmental conditions play a more important role than competition in structuring diatom species assemblages.Investigamos la estructura y la diversidad de las comunidades de diatomeas en el metafiton y el perifiton del humedal de la Reserva Ecológica El Edén, Quintana Roo, México. A pesar de la cercana asociación entre estas comunidades, nuestro análisis revela que tanto el perifiton como el metafiton consisten de distintas asociaciones de especies y el perifiton es el más diverso. Las distribuciones de las abundancias de las especies de diatomeas satisfacen curvas de distribución log-normal; esto significa que en las comunidades estudiadas, las condiciones ambientales juegan un papel más importante que la competencia para determinar su estructura.
Lichens as biological monitors in the Los Azufres geothermal field, Michoacan, Mexico; Liquenes como indicadores biologicos en el campo geotermico Los Azufres, Michoacan, Mexico

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Gomez Peralta, Marlene; Chavez Carmona, Arturo [Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolas de Hidalgo, Morelia (Mexico)

1995-09-01

The results obtained in the monitoring of the atmospheric emissions of the Los Azufres geothermal field in Michoacan State, Mexico utilizing lichens as monitors of the presence of sulphur and arsenic, at the areas near geothermal sites, both under evaluation and production, are presented. The results are based on symptoms which included: chlorosis, necrosis, brown and reddish spots, loss of adherence to substrate, thalli disintegration and disappearance of sensitive species; and also on the amounts of sulphur and arsenic contained in the lichens thallus. [Espanol] Se presentan los resultados obtenidos en el monitoreo de las emisiones atmosfericas del campo geotermico Los Azufres, Michoacan, Mexico en el que se utilizaron liquenes como indicadores de la presencia de azufre y arsenico, en las areas cercanas a los sitios de pozos geotermicos tanto en evaluacion como en produccion. Los resultados estan basados en sintomas que incluyen clorosis, necrosis, manchas cafes y rojizas, perdida de adherencia al sustrato, desintegracion del talo y desaparicion de especies sensibles; asi como en los contenidos de azufre y arsenico en los talos liquenicos.

Possible sources for hydrogen production in Mexico; Posibles fuentes de produccion de hidrogeno en Mexico

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Vazquez Esparza Mata, Esther; Perez Garcia, Edgar C. [Facultad de Ingenieria, Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico, Mexico, D.F. (Mexico)

2004-06-15

In agreement with the Secretaria de Energia, Mexico consumed daily in year 2000, 1.7 millions of oil barrels and according to numbers of PEMEX the proven reserves to December 31 of that year, ascended to 12,312 million barrels, obviously the consumption and the reserves will change through the time, but making a calculation these reserves will be sufficient only for 20 years, on the other hand according to PEMEX Gas y Petroquimica Basica numbers, the present natural gas reserves are sufficient to supply the demand during 22 years, with these data we can have an approximate calculation of 20 years of fossil fuel supply, to this stage we can name it the period of power transition, when this time interval is over we will have an eminent power crisis and it will be necessary to count already on new power alternatives, which have a sustainable development and which will have to be ready at by the end of the next 20 years. One of the most viable alternatives is obtaining energy from hydrogen, this is the most abundant element in the universe, near 75% is constituted by it, but it is not found in pure state in nature. In order to determine certain state it is necessary to investigate about the processes for the hydrogen obtaining, the reforming of natural gas, the natural gas reserves, the natural gas distribution and the integrated gasification. [Spanish] De acuerdo con la Secretaria de Energia, Mexico consumio en el ano 2000, 1.7 millones de barriles diarios de petroleo y segun cifras de PEMEX las reservas probadas al 31 de diciembre de ese ano ascienden a 12,312 millones de barriles, obviamente el consumo y las reservas cambiaran a traves del tiempo, pero haciendo un calculo estas reservas seran suficientes unicamente para 20 anos, por otro lado segun cifras de PEMEX Gas y Petroquimica basica las reservas de gas natural actuales son suficientes para abastecer la demanda durante 22 anos, con estos datos podemos tener un calculo aproximado de 20 anos de abastecimiento de
Advancements and results of the program of energy cooperation of the agency for the international development (USAID-MEXICO) in Mexico; Avances y resultados del programa de cooperacin energetica de la agencia para el desarrollo internacional (USAID-MEXICO) en Mexico

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Landa Bonilla, J. [Agencia para el Desarrollo Internacional, Embajada de los Estados Unidos de Norte Amrica, (Mexico)

1997-12-31

energetica, energias renovables y prevencion de la contaminacion entre Mexico y Estados Unidos a traves de la Agencia para el Desarrollo Internacional, USAID-Mexico y las diversas instituciones especializadas del sector. Los principales programas de la USAID-Mexico en este campo se centran en: Proyectos Piloto: tanto con la CONAE como con el FIDE se han implementado programas centrados en la sustitucion de motores estandard por motores de alta eficiencia, en la optimizacion de sistemas de distribucion y generacion de vapor, en el estudio de las practicas de reembobinado de motores; Evaluacion y Monitoreo: se esta proporcionando asistencia tecnica en la evaluacin financiera y monitoreo de los actuales programas de CONAE, FIDE y PAESE, asi como la utilizacin de resultados de los proyectos piloto para posibles programas de gran escala sobre incentivos, descuentos y promocion de tecnologias; Normalizacin: se ha proporcionado apoyo a la CONAE para el desarrollo de diversas normas en eficiencia energetica y se prepararan programas para evaluar el impacto de estas normas sobre el sector productivo del pais; Energas Renovables: desde 1993 se ha estado implementando un programa de cooperacion sobre fuentes alternas de energia con aplicaciones productivas en areas rurales con diversas instituciones del sector productivo rural como FIRCO y algunos gobiernos de los estados; Prevencion de la Contaminacion: conjuntamente con el programa de eficiencia energetica de la USAID en Washington, la EPA y el Centro Mexicano para la Produccion mas Limpia se han desarrollado diversos proyectos piloto sobre eficiencia energetica y prevencion de la contaminacion en industrias como la maquiladora, de galvanoplasta y fundicion; Fortalecimiento Institucional: durante los ultimos cuatro anos se ha proporcionado apoyo a las principales instituciones mencionadas anteriormente en materia de capacitacion para fortalecer internamente sus cuadros tecnicos.
Advancements and results of the program of energy cooperation of the agency for the international development (USAID-MEXICO) in Mexico; Avances y resultados del programa de cooperacin energetica de la agencia para el desarrollo internacional (USAID-MEXICO) en Mexico

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Landa Bonilla, J [Agencia para el Desarrollo Internacional, Embajada de los Estados Unidos de Norte Amrica, (Mexico)

1998-12-31

energetica, energias renovables y prevencion de la contaminacion entre Mexico y Estados Unidos a traves de la Agencia para el Desarrollo Internacional, USAID-Mexico y las diversas instituciones especializadas del sector. Los principales programas de la USAID-Mexico en este campo se centran en: Proyectos Piloto: tanto con la CONAE como con el FIDE se han implementado programas centrados en la sustitucion de motores estandard por motores de alta eficiencia, en la optimizacion de sistemas de distribucion y generacion de vapor, en el estudio de las practicas de reembobinado de motores; Evaluacion y Monitoreo: se esta proporcionando asistencia tecnica en la evaluacin financiera y monitoreo de los actuales programas de CONAE, FIDE y PAESE, asi como la utilizacin de resultados de los proyectos piloto para posibles programas de gran escala sobre incentivos, descuentos y promocion de tecnologias; Normalizacin: se ha proporcionado apoyo a la CONAE para el desarrollo de diversas normas en eficiencia energetica y se prepararan programas para evaluar el impacto de estas normas sobre el sector productivo del pais; Energas Renovables: desde 1993 se ha estado implementando un programa de cooperacion sobre fuentes alternas de energia con aplicaciones productivas en areas rurales con diversas instituciones del sector productivo rural como FIRCO y algunos gobiernos de los estados; Prevencion de la Contaminacion: conjuntamente con el programa de eficiencia energetica de la USAID en Washington, la EPA y el Centro Mexicano para la Produccion mas Limpia se han desarrollado diversos proyectos piloto sobre eficiencia energetica y prevencion de la contaminacion en industrias como la maquiladora, de galvanoplasta y fundicion; Fortalecimiento Institucional: durante los ultimos cuatro anos se ha proporcionado apoyo a las principales instituciones mencionadas anteriormente en materia de capacitacion para fortalecer internamente sus cuadros tecnicos.
Time-trends and causes of infant, neonatal and postneonatal mortality in Mexico, 1980-1990

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SUSAN VANDALE

1997-01-01

Full Text Available Objective. This article analyzes the time-trends and causes of infant, neonatal, and postneonatal mortality in Mexico during the 1980s. Material and methods. Data on infant deaths came from yearly tabulations (1980 to 1990 published by the Mexican government. Time-trends of mortality rates were determined by simple linear regression models. The parallelism test was performed for evaluating similarities in trends in neonatal and postneonatal mortality rates by causes. Results. During the 1980s, infant mortality rates in Mexico declined from 40.4 to 31.1/1 000 (ß= -0.791. Postneonatal mortality rates showed a strong decrease (ß= -0.892, while neonatal mortality rates were almost stationary (ß= 0.089. Significant rate decreases were observed for Intestinal infections, Pneumonia and influenza and all other causes while Certain perinatal problems, Congenital defects and Nutritional deficiencies increased. No changes were observed in Acute respiratory infections. The neonatal proportional mortality showed an incremental trend accounting for 37.6% in 1980 and ascending to 48.8% in 1990 of the mortality in the first year of life. Conclusions.This analysis indicates that the reduction in infant mortality in Mexico during the 1980s was due to declining postneonatal mortality while neonatal mortality rates remain almost unchanged.Objetivo. Analizar las tendencias seculares de las tasas de mortalidad infantil (TMI neonatal (TMN y posneonatal (TMP en México de 1980-1990. Material y métodos. La información estudiada fue proporcionada por el Instituto Nacional de Estadística, Geografía e Informática. Las tendencias de los indicadores fueron determinadas mediante modelos de regresión lineal y se efectuaron pruebas de paralelismo para evaluar la semejanza en pendientes de TMN y TMP por causas. Resultados. Las TMI se redujeron de 40.4 a 31.1/1 000, (ß= -0.791. Las TMP mostraron un decremento significativo (ß= -0.892, mientras que las TMN
Postwildfire preliminary debris flow hazard assessment for the area burned by the 2011 Las Conchas Fire in north-central New Mexico

Science.gov (United States)

Tillery, Anne C.; Darr, Michael J.; Cannon, Susan H.; Michael, John A.

2011-01-01

The Las Conchas Fire during the summer of 2011 was the largest in recorded history for the state of New Mexico, burning 634 square kilometers in the Jemez Mountains of north-central New Mexico. The burned landscape is now at risk of damage from postwildfire erosion, such as that caused by debris flows and flash floods. This report presents a preliminary hazard assessment of the debris-flow potential from 321 basins burned by the Las Conchas Fire. A pair of empirical hazard-assessment models developed using data from recently burned basins throughout the intermountain western United States was used to estimate the probability of debris-flow occurrence and volume of debris flows at the outlets of selected drainage basins within the burned area. The models incorporate measures of burn severity, topography, soils, and storm rainfall to estimate the probability and volume of debris flows following the fire. In response to a design storm of 28.0 millimeters of rain in 30 minutes (10-year recurrence interval), the probabilities of debris flows estimated for basins burned by the Las Conchas Fire were greater than 80 percent for two-thirds (67 percent) of the modeled basins. Basins with a high (greater than 80 percent) probability of debris-flow occurrence were concentrated in tributaries to Santa Clara and Rio del Oso Canyons in the northeastern part of the burned area; some steep areas in the Valles Caldera National Preserve, Los Alamos, and Guaje Canyons in the east-central part of the burned area; tributaries to Peralta, Colle, Bland, and Cochiti canyons in the southwestern part of the burned area; and tributaries to Frijoles, Alamo, and Capulin Canyons in the southeastern part of the burned area (within Bandelier National Monument). Estimated debris-flow volumes ranged from 400 cubic meters to greater than 72,000 cubic meters. The largest volumes (greater than 40,000 cubic meters) were estimated for basins in Santa Clara, Los Alamos, and Water Canyons, and for two
Comparison of the thermal gain of the more commonly roofing systems used in Mexico`s social dwellings; Comparacion de la ganancia termica de los sistemas de techumbre mas comunmente utilizados en la vivienda social en Mexico

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Fernandez, Alfredo [Division de Estudios de Posgrado de la Facultad de Arquitectura UNAM, Mexico, D. F. (Mexico); Morillon, David [Comision Nacional para el Ahorro de Energia (CONAE), Mexico, D. F. (Mexico)

1996-12-31

Under the frame of discussion of the Mexican Official Standard 008 (Integral Energy Efficiency in non-residential Buildings), and with the purpose of assessing its feasibility and possible extension to residential buildings, this paper, whose objective is to evaluate the roofing systems (opaque) more commonly utilized on the social dwellings in Mexico, is presented. To perform this evaluation the heat gains by conduction through the roofing in different cities were obtained. Later on these heat gains were compared against the energy consumption that would produce its removal in each one of the cases. Finally, thermal resistance values (R) that allow, in significant form diminishing such gains, are presented, producing in consequence, a thermally efficient building. [Espanol] Dentro del marco de discusion de la Norma Oficial Mexicana 008 (Eficiencia energetica integral en edificios no residenciales), y con el fin de evaluar su factibilidad y posible extension hacia las edificaciones residenciales, se presenta este trabajo que tiene como objetivo la evaluacion de los sistemas de techumbre (opacos) mas comunmente utilizados dentro de la vivienda social en Mexico. Para realizar esta evaluacion se obtuvieron las ganancias por conduccion a traves del techo para distintas ciudades. Posteriormente, se compararon dichas ganancias contra el consumo de energia que produciria la remocion de las mismas en cada uno de los casos. Finalmente, se proponen valores de Resistencia Termica (R) que permitan disminuir de manera importante dichas ganancias teniendo, en consecuencia, una edificacion energeticamente eficiente.
Comparison of the thermal gain of the more commonly roofing systems used in Mexico`s social dwellings; Comparacion de la ganancia termica de los sistemas de techumbre mas comunmente utilizados en la vivienda social en Mexico

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Fernandez, Alfredo [Division de Estudios de Posgrado de la Facultad de Arquitectura UNAM, Mexico, D. F. (Mexico); Morillon, David [Comision Nacional para el Ahorro de Energia (CONAE), Mexico, D. F. (Mexico)

1997-12-31

Under the frame of discussion of the Mexican Official Standard 008 (Integral Energy Efficiency in non-residential Buildings), and with the purpose of assessing its feasibility and possible extension to residential buildings, this paper, whose objective is to evaluate the roofing systems (opaque) more commonly utilized on the social dwellings in Mexico, is presented. To perform this evaluation the heat gains by conduction through the roofing in different cities were obtained. Later on these heat gains were compared against the energy consumption that would produce its removal in each one of the cases. Finally, thermal resistance values (R) that allow, in significant form diminishing such gains, are presented, producing in consequence, a thermally efficient building. [Espanol] Dentro del marco de discusion de la Norma Oficial Mexicana 008 (Eficiencia energetica integral en edificios no residenciales), y con el fin de evaluar su factibilidad y posible extension hacia las edificaciones residenciales, se presenta este trabajo que tiene como objetivo la evaluacion de los sistemas de techumbre (opacos) mas comunmente utilizados dentro de la vivienda social en Mexico. Para realizar esta evaluacion se obtuvieron las ganancias por conduccion a traves del techo para distintas ciudades. Posteriormente, se compararon dichas ganancias contra el consumo de energia que produciria la remocion de las mismas en cada uno de los casos. Finalmente, se proponen valores de Resistencia Termica (R) que permitan disminuir de manera importante dichas ganancias teniendo, en consecuencia, una edificacion energeticamente eficiente.
The alternative and renewable energy sources in Mexico; Fuentes alternativas y renovables de energia en Mexico

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Urbano C, J Antonio [Instituto Politecnico Nacional, Mexico, D. F. (Mexico); Matsumoto K, Yasuhiro; Asomoza P, Rene [Centro de Investigacion y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politecnico Nacional, Mexico, D. F. (Mexico)

1997-12-31

This paper presents an overview of the efforts that have been made in our Mexico in the area of Alternative and Renewable Sources of Energy, effort performed by different institutions, government agencies and private companies along the last 25 years. Older periods are not contemplated, although significant advances have existed, specifically in the area of small micro-hydraulic power plants, since the end of the past century and in solar collectors, more than 60 years ago, as the most relevant advances have been contemplated in these last two decades. The entire world energy demand is analyzed, making emphasis in our country, the efforts on the installed geothermal power plants, the flat collectors for domestic use, the solar power plants installed by some government agencies are also mentioned, as well as the strong growth in the photo-voltaic field at worldwide level as well as at domestic level (a graph is presented of the multiple applications of the photo-voltaic conversion of the solar energy at world level of which some of these are already operational in our country), including the hybrid systems (wind power photo-voltaic Diesel, the pilot biogas plants, the solar ponds efforts and the recently inaugurated wind-power plant of 1.575 MW installed at La Venta, in the Oaxaca State. [Espanol] El presente articulo, presenta una revision de los esfuerzos que se han desarrollado en nuestro Mexico, en el campo de las Fuentes Alternas y Renovables de Energia, esfuerzos realizados por diferentes instituciones, dependencias y companias a lo largo de los ultimos 25 anos. No se contemplan periodos mas antiguos, aunque han existido adelantos significativos, especificamente, en el campo de pequenas centrales microhidraulicas desde fines del siglo, y de colectores solares desde hace mas de 60 anos, ya que los mas relevantes se contemplan en estas ultimas dos decadas de recopilacion. Se analiza la demanda de energia mundial, haciendo enfasis a nuestro pais, se mencionan los
The alternative and renewable energy sources in Mexico; Fuentes alternativas y renovables de energia en Mexico

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Urbano C, J. Antonio [Instituto Politecnico Nacional, Mexico, D. F. (Mexico); Matsumoto K, Yasuhiro; Asomoza P, Rene [Centro de Investigacion y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politecnico Nacional, Mexico, D. F. (Mexico)

1996-12-31

This paper presents an overview of the efforts that have been made in our Mexico in the area of Alternative and Renewable Sources of Energy, effort performed by different institutions, government agencies and private companies along the last 25 years. Older periods are not contemplated, although significant advances have existed, specifically in the area of small micro-hydraulic power plants, since the end of the past century and in solar collectors, more than 60 years ago, as the most relevant advances have been contemplated in these last two decades. The entire world energy demand is analyzed, making emphasis in our country, the efforts on the installed geothermal power plants, the flat collectors for domestic use, the solar power plants installed by some government agencies are also mentioned, as well as the strong growth in the photo-voltaic field at worldwide level as well as at domestic level (a graph is presented of the multiple applications of the photo-voltaic conversion of the solar energy at world level of which some of these are already operational in our country), including the hybrid systems (wind power photo-voltaic Diesel, the pilot biogas plants, the solar ponds efforts and the recently inaugurated wind-power plant of 1.575 MW installed at La Venta, in the Oaxaca State. [Espanol] El presente articulo, presenta una revision de los esfuerzos que se han desarrollado en nuestro Mexico, en el campo de las Fuentes Alternas y Renovables de Energia, esfuerzos realizados por diferentes instituciones, dependencias y companias a lo largo de los ultimos 25 anos. No se contemplan periodos mas antiguos, aunque han existido adelantos significativos, especificamente, en el campo de pequenas centrales microhidraulicas desde fines del siglo, y de colectores solares desde hace mas de 60 anos, ya que los mas relevantes se contemplan en estas ultimas dos decadas de recopilacion. Se analiza la demanda de energia mundial, haciendo enfasis a nuestro pais, se mencionan los
The competitive forces of the natural gas industry of Mexico; Las fuerzas competitivas de la industria del gas natural de Mexico

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Buendia Servin de la Mora, Neil Spar [Facultad de Ingenieria, UNAM (Mexico)

1997-07-01

The present paper is intended to identify the structural characteristics of the natural gas national industry, that determines the intensity of the forces in competition. To know the ambient where PEMEX-Gas and Basic Petrochemistry will compete, the distributors and the partnerships formed by national and foreign companies is fundamental, since the forces that affect the market determine the attractiveness of the industry, the gain margins, investments, et cetera. [Spanish] En el presente trabajo se pretende identificar las caracteristicas estructurales de la industria nacional del gas natural, que determinan lo intenso de las fuerzas en competencia. Conocer el ambiente en donde competiran PEMEX-Gas y Petroquimica Basica, las distribuidoras nacionales y los consorcios formados por empresas nacionales y extranjeras es primordial, puesto que las fuerzas que inciden al mercado determinan el atractivo de la industria, los margenes de ganancia, inversiones, etcetera.
Mexico.

Science.gov (United States)

Semaan, Leslie

The text explores Mexico's history, geography, art, religion, and lifestyles in the context of its complex economy. The text focuses on Mexico's economy and reasons for its current situation. Part I of this teaching unit includes: Teacher Overview, Why Study Mexico, Mexico Fact Sheet, Map of Mexico, the Land and Climate, History, Government,…
Las redes sociales en las campañas de los candidatos a diputados locales del PRI , el PAN y el PRD en las elecciones de 2015 en el Estado de México / Social media in local campaigns of pri , pan and prd candidates in the 2015 State of Mexico legislative elections

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Leticia Heras Gómez

2018-01-01

Full Text Available El objetivo del artículo es examinar la comunicación política de los partidos a través de las redes sociales (Facebook y Twitter en las elecciones de 2015 para el Congreso local del Estado de México. Con este fin, se realizó un análisis de contenido de todos los mensajes en redes sociales de los candidatos del Partido Revolucionario Institucional (PRI el Partido Acción Nacional (PAN y el Partido de la Revolución Democrática (PRD a partir de una muestra de nueve de los 45 distritos electorales uninominales, con base en una codificación que clasifica su contenido en ocho categorías relevantes. Contrario a los supuestos de la literatura sobre la posmodernización de las campañas electorales, los resultados del estudio muestran que el uso político de las redes sociales en las elecciones locales en México es todavía limitado y que los canales basados en Internet aún no han logrado desplazar a las formas tradicionales de comunicación ni de participación electoral. En general, los datos revelan que las redes sociales se utilizan esencialmente como agenda o diario de actividades de los candidatos, los cuales buscan una mayor visibilidad de su imagen, pero con escasa incidencia en los resultados electorales. / The aim of this article is to examine political party communication through social media (Facebook and Twitter in the 2015 local congressional elections of the State of Mexico. According to that purpose, we carried out a content analysis of social media messages of all congressional candidates of the PRI, PAN, and PRD from a sample of nine single-member districts out of 45, by using a coding of eight relevant categories. The results of our study show that the political use of social media in local elections in México is still quite limited and that Internet channels have not replaced traditional methods of political communication and electoral participation, which is contrary to the assumptions of post-modernization literature
A scenario of human thermal comfort in Mexico City for 2CO{sub 2} conditions

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Jauregui, Ernesto [Centro de Ciencias de la Atmosfera de la UNAM, Mexico, D.F. (Mexico); Tejeda, Adalberto [Universidad Veracruzana, Xalapa, Veracruz (Mexico)

2001-07-01

Applying the concept of effective temperature (ET), a scenario of human bioclimatic conditions for Mexico City is presented by using results from both GCM regional predictions for CO{sub 2} doubling and temperature trend projections from an urban station. Current and future bioclimatic maps for Mexico City and their conurbation are presented. Current environmental conditions will likely change toward a warmer atmosphere due to both the urbanization process and global greenhouse effect. The impact on the population will be more important during the warm season (March- May) when the bioclimate of the city will likely shift away from current neutrality to the next comfort scale category (ET 24-27 Celsius degrees) of warm conditions covering most of the capital city. [Spanish] A partir de la aplicacion del concepto de temperatura efectiva (ET) se presenta un escenario de las condiciones de bioclima humano para la Ciudad de Mexico y zona conurbada para la segunda mitad del proximo siglo. Se usaron resultados de predicciones regionales de modelos de circulacion general (GCM) para una duplicacion del CO{sub 2} y tambien las tendencias de temperatura de una estacion urbana. Se muestran mapas de las condiciones actuales y futuras de confort termico. La combinacion del efecto invernadero y la urbanizacion, muy probablemente impacten en la poblacion principalmente en la estacion calida (marzo a mayo), cuando se pase de la categoria de confort actual a la inmediata superior (ET 24-27 Celsius degrees) en la mayor parte de la capital del pais.
El empoderamiento de las mujeres y la esperanza de vida al nacer en México Women's empowerment and life expectancy at birth in Mexico

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Álvaro J. Idrovo

2006-07-01

Full Text Available OBJETIVOS: Evaluar el efecto del empoderamiento de las mujeres (EM sobre la esperanza de vida al nacer (EVN en los estados federativos de México y comparar los resultados de medir el EM con diferentes indicadores compuestos que privilegian en mayor o menor medida un enfoque individual o poblacional. MÉTODOS: Estudio ecológico con datos de los 32 estados federativos mexicanos. Se estimaron las correlaciones entre la EVN total y por sexo y la medida de empoderamiento de género (MEG, el índice de poder de decisión de la mujer en el hogar (IPDH, el índice de autonomía de la mujer (IAM, la desigualdad en el ingreso, algunos factores del ambiente físico, la proporción de la población que hablaba lengua indígena y la tasa migratoria neta. Mediante regresiones robustas se exploró el efecto de la MEG y los índices de autonomía y de poder de decisión de la mujer en el hogar sobre la EVN, ajustado por las demás variables independientes. RESULTADOS: Se encontró una correlación inversa muy fuerte (-0,93 entre la EVN total y el factor del ambiente físico que caracteriza la vulnerabilidad poblacional y la biodiversidad. También se encontraron correlaciones significativas, tanto directas como inversas, entre la EVN por una parte y el IPDH, el IAM, la tasa migratoria neta, el porcentaje de la población que hablaba lengua indígena y el coeficiente de Gini por la otra. Las regresiones robustas múltiples mostraron asociaciones inversas entre la MEG y la EVN en mujeres (beta: -1,44; intervalo de confianza de 95% [IC95%]: -2,71 a -0,17. El IAM se asoció de manera directa con la EVN en hombres (beta: 0,88; IC95%: 0,01 a 1,75 y mujeres (beta: 0,66; IC95%: 0,03 a 1,30. CONCLUSIÓN: El uso de la MEG como aproximación al EM no puso de manifiesto efectos positivos del EM sobre la EVN en México. Se deben revisar los elementos que integran la MEG y la pertinencia de su uso en diversos contextos. El IAM mostró una mayor asociación con la EVN y su
Environmental impact of the nox and results in Mexico of the technologies for its control; Impacto ambiental de los NOx y resultados en Mexico de tecnologias de control

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Ribera Flores, Marco Antonio [Nissan Mexicana S. A. de C. V. Cuernavaca (Mexico)

1994-12-31

This paper presents the experience gained in the project development for the installation of three burners for industrial boilers with low nitrogen oxides emission technology. The paper begins with a short reference to the effects on the environment, derived from the generation of these gases in combustion equipment and the reasons why this thermal NOx and the associated NOx are generated. A revision is made of the existing regulations to limit the emissions of these pollutants in industrial equipment in different countries, including Mexico. Mention is made of the existing control technologies and in particular indicating the emission reduction method determined for the burners in functional tests, using propane gas and diesel, before and after installing the control technology, to demonstrate the important reductions obtained. The other results such as the thermal efficiency are also plotted as well as other important pollutant emissions such as CO and CO{sub 2} for the observation of their behavior. [Espanol] El presente trabajo expone la experiencia obtenida en el desarrollo del proyecto de instalacion de tres quemadores para calderas industriales con tecnologia de baja emision de oxidos de nitrogeno. Se inicia haciendo una breve mencion de las repercusiones al medio ambiente que se derivan de la generacion de estos gases en equipos de combustion y las razones por las cuales se generan los NOx termicos y los NOx asociados a los combustibles. Se hace una revision sobre las regulaciones existentes para limitar las emisiones de estos contaminantes en equipos industriales en diferentes paises incluyendo a Mexico. Se mencionan las tecnologias de control existentes y en particular indicando el metodo de reduccion de emisiones determinadas para los quemadores en pruebas funcionales utilizando como combustibles gas propano y diesel antes y despues de instalar la tecnologia de control para demostrar las fuertes reducciones obtenidas, se grafican tambien otros resultados
"No dejarse caer en cama": las mujeres y los servicios de salud Women and healthcare services in Mexico: the struggle to avoid becoming "bedridden"

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Isabel Hernández-Tezoquipa

2005-08-01

Full Text Available El objetivo del presente trabajo fue identificar, describir y analizar el ciclo de percepción-atención de salud de las mujeres de mediana edad de cinco regiones del país. Se realizó un análisis cualitativo de 24 entrevistas a profundidad, aplicadas a mujeres de mediana edad (40 a 60 años, procedentes de cinco regiones de México. Los hallazgos de la investigación muestran que la percepción de salud de las mujeres se caracteriza por "sentirse constantemente mal", sin embargo, no se "dejan caer en cama". La búsqueda de atención a la salud en todos los casos es tardía. Las consideran que su malestar no es suficientemente atendido, ni reciben la información necesaria para su cuidado. Al no encontrar la respuesta que ellas esperan de los servicios de salud, buscan sus propios caminos como la autorregulación de tratamientos y la automedicación. La experiencia de las mujeres, es un punto de referencia para conseguir que se reformulen algunos aspectos del modelo médico existente.The objective of this study was to identify, describe, and analyze the perception of healthcare services by middle-aged women in five different regions of Mexico. The qualitative analysis was based on 24 in-depth interviews with middle-aged women (40-60 years representing five different regions of the country. The women generally described their health as "constantly poor" but did not allow themselves to become "bedridden". The vast majority of the women postponed going to healthcare services. They considered their health problems insufficiently treated and did not receive enough information for proper self-care. When they did not receive the response they were looking for from healthcare services, women generally sought alternative solutions by regulating their own treatment regimes and self-medication. These experiences provide a strong reference for restructuring key aspects in the current medical model.
La transición epidemiológica de las y los adolescentes en México The epidemiologic transition among adolescents in Mexico

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José Ignacio Santos-Preciado

2003-01-01

Full Text Available OBJETIVO: Identificar los niveles de salud de la adolescencia en México en su demografía, contexto social y económico. MATERIAL Y MÉTODOS: Se efectuó una revisión de la literatura y de estadísticas vitales, así como de encuestas de opinión, con la finalidad de evaluar el impacto de la transición epidemiológica frente a la disponibilidad y prioridades de los servicios de salud para adolescentes. El modelo epidemiológico de Omran se utilizó para clasificar las características demográficas, sociales y económicas de adolescentes mexicanos como un esfuerzo para definir su impacto en la transición epidemiológica de este grupo de edad. RESULTADOS: Los datos demográficos se presentan en una perspectiva de la transición epidemiológica, la cual nos permite realizar inferencias de las condiciones sociales, patrones de desarrollo y de necesidades en salud de este grupo poblacional en México. Los datos se presentan atendiendo a la demanda y disponibilidad de servicios de salud, el impacto de la educación, las oportunidades de empleo, el rol en la familia y el bienestar. Otros aspectos importantes presentados incluyen la educación sexual y la salud reproductiva, y los relacionados con el SIDA/VIH como pandemia en este grupo de edad. CONCLUSIONES: Los hallazgos presentados revelan que la secuencia tradicional de variables, en la explicación de la transición epidemiológica, no puede seguir manejándose como hasta ahora y nos sugieren de manera imperativa la necesidad de perfilar las necesidades de salud de la adolescencia desde un enfoque holístico, con énfasis en la promoción de estilos de vida sana, que favorezcan un desarrollo justo y equitativo y que además ayuden a enfocar la respuesta social organizada.ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE: To identify the health status of adolescents in Mexico in their demographic, social and economic context. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A literature search and review of vital statistics, and opinion surveys were
Renewable energy: Political momentum and technology for a sustainable Mexico; Energias Renovables: Impulso politico y tecnologico para un Mexico sustentable

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Romero Hernandez, Sergio; Romero Hernandez, Omar; Wood, Duncan [Instituto Tecnologico Autonomo de Mexico (ITAM) (Mexico)

2011-04-15

The renewable energy sector in Mexico, as shown in this book, is alive and in good condition, prospers and has great potential. In this regard, it is essential that Mexico sees itself as a country with an energy future beyond Cantarell, beyond Pemex and beyond oil. The future of renewable energy offers great hope for the country and the region, and the time is right for a consensus government, business and social more strongly boost the development of this sector. This book discusses the following topics: Renewable energy and sustainable economic development, the regulatory framework for the use of renewable energy, hydropower, bioenergy, Part I: biomass and biogas, bioenergy, Part II: Liquid biofuels; elements for promotion of wind energy in Mexico, geothermal energy, solar PV, solar thermal and micro. [Spanish] El sector de la energia renovable en Mexico, como se muestra en este libro, esta vivo y en buenas condiciones, prospera y tiene gran potencial. En ese sentido, resulta indispensable que Mexico se vea a si mismo como un pais con un futuro energetico mas alla de Cantarell, mas alla de PEMEX, mas alla del petroleo. El futuro de la energia renovable ofrece una gran esperanza para el pais y la region, y el tiempo es adecuado para que una concertacion gubernamental, empresarial y social impulse con mas fuerza el desarrollo de este sector. En este libro se analizan los siguientes temas: Energias renovables y desarrollo economico sustentable; el marco normativo de la utilizacion de las energias renovables; energia hidroelectrica; bioenergia, parte I: biomasa y biogas; bioenergia, parte II: biocombustibles liquidos; elementos para la promocion de la energia eolica en Mexico; energia geotermica; energia solar fotovoltaica; energia solar termica, y la microgeneracion.
Seismic damage in the electrical substations of the Colima state; Dano sismico en las subestaciones electricas del estado de Colima

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Mena H, Ulises; Lopez L, Alberto; Guerrero F, Vicente A. [Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas, Cuernavaca, Morelos (Mexico)

2004-07-01

On the 21 of January of 2003, at 20:06:36 hrs (Mexico center time) an earthquake occurred at the Pacific coast with a magnitude of 7.6 degrees in the Richter scale, whose epicenter was located near the state of Colima and it was felt in a large extent of the Mexican Republic. The earthquake caused numerous material damages in the structures (houses, churches, offices, etc) and vital lines, mainly in the infrastructure of the electrical sector of the region, leaving without electrical energy a large part of the nearby populations and some colonies of distant zones such as in Mexico City. The cause of the interruption of the electrical energy was due to the collapse of some of the equipment of 400 and 230 KV of the electrical transmission substations, among which are Manzanillo II and Colima II. With the experience acquired in the earthquake of October 9, 1995 in Manzanillo, in which also the facilities and equipment of the electrical substations were affected considerably, and as a part of the infrastructure project on the analysis of seismic risk of vital lines that is being developed at this moment at the Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas (IIE), it was decided to inspect the electrical substations of the zone, where the greater damages in the facilities and equipment were reported, to analyze and to determine the main causes of their failure. [Spanish] El 21 de enero de 2003, a las 20:06:36 hrs (hora del centro de Mexico) ocurrio un sismo en la costa del Pacifico con una magnitud de 7.6 grados en escala Richter, cuyo epicentro se localizo cerca del estado de Colima y se percibio en gran parte de la republica mexicana. El sismo causo cuantiosos danos materiales en las estructuras (viviendas, iglesias, oficinas, etc) y lineas vitales, principalmente en la infraestructura del sector electrico de la region, dejando sin energia electrica a gran parte de las poblaciones cercanas y algunas colonias de zonas lejanas como es la ciudad de Mexico. La causa del corte de
Memory and History of Mexico ’68

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Eugenia Allier Montaño

2016-10-01

Full Text Available The student movement Mexico ’68 (Sesenta-y-ocho that was active between July and December of 1968 has come to be seen as one of the most important events of the second half of the twentieth century in Mexico, in both public memory and national history. However as this was not always the case, the aim of this article is to analyse the transformations and permanencies in the many accounts that have formed over the last four decades concerning the Mexican summer of 1968, giving attention to four types of narrative: public debates, the specialized historiography on the student movement, books dealing with national history, and the official history. This analysis is intended to show how the ‘historical centrality’ of 1968 was progressively formed in the national public space and in historiographic discourse. Resumen: Memorias e historias de México 68 El movimiento estudiantil de México 68 (Sesenta-y-ocho que tuvo lugar entre julio y diciembre de 1968 se considera como uno de los acontecimientos más importantes de México en la segunda mitad del siglo XX, tanto desde la memoria pública como desde la historiografía nacional. Sin embargo, como esto no siempre fue así, el objetivo del artículo es analizar las transformaciones y permanencias en las múltiples narraciones que se han creado a lo largo de las últimas cuatro décadas acerca del verano mexicano del 68, dando preeminencia a cuatro narrativas: los debates públicos, la historiografía especializada sobre el movimiento estudiantil, los libros abocados a la historia nacional y la historia oficial. Este análisis busca mostrar cómo se fue conformando la ‘centralidad histórica’ del 68 en el espacio público nacional y en los discursos historiográficos.

Assessment of the greenhouse gases in Mexico: Importance of the electric sector; Inventario de gases de invernadero en Mexico: Importancia del sector electrico

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Sheinbaum Pardo, Claudia [Instituto de Ingenieria, UNAM, Mexico, D. F. (Mexico)

1997-12-31

In this paper are presented the principal results of the various studies on energy end uses developed by the Grupo de Energia y Ambiente del Instituto de Ingenieria de la Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico (UNAM Group of Energy and Environment) for years 1987 and 1993, emphasizing on the emissions originated by the generation of electricity and for the following greenhouse effect gases: carbon dioxide (CO{sub 2}), carbon monoxide (CO), nitrogen oxides (NOx) and methane (CH{sub 4}). Also, a comparison is presented among Mexico and other Latin America countries based on statistics of OLADE (Latin American Organization of Energy) [Espanol] En este trabajo se presentan los principales resultados de estudios diversos sobre usos finales de energia desarrollados por el Grupo de Energia y Ambiente del Instituto de Ingenieria de la Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico (UNAM) para los anos 1987 y 1993, poniendo enfasis en las emisiones debidas a la generacion de electricidad y para los siguientes gases de efecto invernadero: bioxido de carbono (CO{sub 2}), monoxido de carbono (CO), oxidos de nitrogeno (NOx) y metano (HC{sub 4}). Asi mismo se presenta una comparacion entre Mexico y otros paises de Latinoamerica basado en estadisticas de la Organizacion Latinoamericana de Energia
Assessment of the greenhouse gases in Mexico: Importance of the electric sector; Inventario de gases de invernadero en Mexico: Importancia del sector electrico

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Sheinbaum Pardo, Claudia [Instituto de Ingenieria, UNAM, Mexico, D. F. (Mexico)

1996-12-31

In this paper are presented the principal results of the various studies on energy end uses developed by the Grupo de Energia y Ambiente del Instituto de Ingenieria de la Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico (UNAM Group of Energy and Environment) for years 1987 and 1993, emphasizing on the emissions originated by the generation of electricity and for the following greenhouse effect gases: carbon dioxide (CO{sub 2}), carbon monoxide (CO), nitrogen oxides (NOx) and methane (CH{sub 4}). Also, a comparison is presented among Mexico and other Latin America countries based on statistics of OLADE (Latin American Organization of Energy) [Espanol] En este trabajo se presentan los principales resultados de estudios diversos sobre usos finales de energia desarrollados por el Grupo de Energia y Ambiente del Instituto de Ingenieria de la Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico (UNAM) para los anos 1987 y 1993, poniendo enfasis en las emisiones debidas a la generacion de electricidad y para los siguientes gases de efecto invernadero: bioxido de carbono (CO{sub 2}), monoxido de carbono (CO), oxidos de nitrogeno (NOx) y metano (HC{sub 4}). Asi mismo se presenta una comparacion entre Mexico y otros paises de Latinoamerica basado en estadisticas de la Organizacion Latinoamericana de Energia
Realizing Abortion Rights at the Margins of Legality in Mexico.

Science.gov (United States)

Singer, Elyse Ona

2018-06-20

I analyze the alternative tactics and logics of Las Fuertes, a feminist organization that has taken an "alegal" approach to realizing the human right to abortion in the conservative Mexican state of Guanajuato. Since a series of United Nations agreements throughout the 1990s enshrined reproductive rights as universal human rights, Mexican feminists have adopted the human rights platform as a lobbying tool to pressure the government to reform restrictive abortion laws. This strategy bore fruit in Mexico City, with passage of the historic 2007 abortion legalization. Las Fuertes has leveraged the human rights strategy differently - to justify the direct provision of local abortion accompaniment in a context of near-total abortion criminalization. By directly seizing abortion rights, rather than seeking to implement them through legalistic channels, Las Fuertes has effectively challenged Mexican reproductive governance in an adversarial political environment.
Vapor recovery system in the gasolines commercialization; Sistema de recuperacion de vapores en la comercializacion de las gasolinas

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Casas Barba, R.; Molina Gallegos, J.R. [Instituto Mexicano del Petroleo (IMP), Mexico, D. F. (Mexico)

1995-12-31

In the last years the studies performed with respect to the environmental pollution show that the ozone is one of the most problematic contaminants in the Metropolitan Zone of Mexico City (MZMC) and that the hydrocarbons are the main forerunners of it. The main source of hydrocarbon vapor emissions originates from the handling and distribution operations. In this paper a description is made of the involved stages in the commercialization of gasolines in the MZMC and a description is also made of the systems employed to control the emissions in the three stages of the fuels storage and distribution cycle and explains the degree the hydrocarbon emissions to the atmosphere will be reduced, once the recovery systems are installed in all of the involved stages. [Espanol] En los ultimos anos los estudios realizados con respecto a contaminacion ambiental reflejan que el ozono es uno de los contaminantes mas problematicos de la zona metropolitana de la ciudad de Mexico (ZMCM), y los hidrocarburos son los principales precursores de este. La principal fuente de emision de vapores de hidrocarburos proviene de las operaciones de manejo y distribucion de combustibles. En este articulo se hace una descripcion de las etapas involucradas en la comercializacion de las gasolinas en la ZMCM, se describen tambien los sistemas utilizados para controlar las emisiones en las tres etapas del ciclo de almacenamiento y distribucion de combustibles y se explica en que grado se reduciran las emisiones de hidrocarburos a la atmosfera, una vez que se instalen los sistemas de recuperacion en todas las etapas involucradas.
Vapor recovery system in the gasolines commercialization; Sistema de recuperacion de vapores en la comercializacion de las gasolinas

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Casas Barba, R; Molina Gallegos, J R [Instituto Mexicano del Petroleo (IMP), Mexico, D. F. (Mexico)

1996-12-31

In the last years the studies performed with respect to the environmental pollution show that the ozone is one of the most problematic contaminants in the Metropolitan Zone of Mexico City (MZMC) and that the hydrocarbons are the main forerunners of it. The main source of hydrocarbon vapor emissions originates from the handling and distribution operations. In this paper a description is made of the involved stages in the commercialization of gasolines in the MZMC and a description is also made of the systems employed to control the emissions in the three stages of the fuels storage and distribution cycle and explains the degree the hydrocarbon emissions to the atmosphere will be reduced, once the recovery systems are installed in all of the involved stages. [Espanol] En los ultimos anos los estudios realizados con respecto a contaminacion ambiental reflejan que el ozono es uno de los contaminantes mas problematicos de la zona metropolitana de la ciudad de Mexico (ZMCM), y los hidrocarburos son los principales precursores de este. La principal fuente de emision de vapores de hidrocarburos proviene de las operaciones de manejo y distribucion de combustibles. En este articulo se hace una descripcion de las etapas involucradas en la comercializacion de las gasolinas en la ZMCM, se describen tambien los sistemas utilizados para controlar las emisiones en las tres etapas del ciclo de almacenamiento y distribucion de combustibles y se explica en que grado se reduciran las emisiones de hidrocarburos a la atmosfera, una vez que se instalen los sistemas de recuperacion en todas las etapas involucradas.
Adult smoking trends in Mexico: an analysis of the Mexican National Addiction Surveys Tendencias del tabaquismo en adultos en México: análisis de las Encuestas Nacionales de Adicciones

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Francisco Franco-Marina

2007-01-01

Full Text Available OBJECTIVE: To describe and explain the recent trends of four smoking indicators in Mexico. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Comparable data from four national probabilistic household surveys (1988-1992 were analyzed using statistical techniques for survey data. The analysis was restricted to persons aged 18 to 65 years. Changes in indicators compare 2002 to 1988. RESULTS: The overall prevalence of never smokers increased by 10% and increased more in men. The prevalence of daily smokers shows a 16% reduction in men and reductions are concentrated in persons 45 and older. The average number of cigarettes smoked daily shows a 31% decrease in men and no decrease in women. The prevalence of heavy smokers (one pack or more is 60% higher in women in 2002. CONCLUSIONS: Mexico does not closely follow the WHO model for the evolving tobacco epidemic. Nevertheless, the tobacco epidemic is in an advanced stage, with a decreasing prevalence in men and a rising one in women and the young. The improvement in the smoking situation was mainly due to the country’s economic stagnation during the analyzed period and to public awareness of the dangers of tobacco exposure rather than to a sound control policy on the part of the state.OBJETIVO: Describir y explicar las tendencias recientes de cuatro indicadores de tabaquismo en México. MATERIAL Y MÉTODOS: Se analizan datos comparables de las cuatro Encuestas Nacionales de Adicciones (1988-1992 mediante técnicas estadísticas adecuadas para datos muestrales. En el análisis se incluye a personas entre 18 y 65 años de edad. Los cambios en indicadores comparan 2002 con respecto a 1988. RESULTADOS: La prevalencia en ambos sexos de nunca fumadores aumentó 10% pero dicho aumento ocurrió solo en hombres. La prevalencia de fumadores diarios se redujo un 16% en hombres y en ambos sexos las reducciones más importantes ocurrieron en las personas de 45 y más años. El promedio de cigarrillos diarios se redujo en 31% en hombres
Las nuevas diásporas de los afromexicanos y algunos de sus efectos en las culturales locales

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Haydee Quiroz Malca

2003-12-01

Full Text Available This article will present advances in the research concerning the effects of the migration of populations originally from Africa that live along the Chica Coast of Guerrero in Mexico. The work begins with the historic impact of the arrival, of Africans, to this area of New Spain and I hope to explain that, as an effect of the recurring economic crises, a growing number of Afromexicans of this region migrate toward the United States.This reality brings diverse effects to the population that remains in the community of origin in Mexico. In this case, I hope to emphasize the revitalization that is observed in the community festivals, such as the celebrations of domestic groups, like weddings. In a parallel way, the community creates and recreates new phenomenon among the young who return, and who behave and are seen as cholos, which creates certain tensions in their towns.//En este ensayo se presentarán los avances de la investigación sobre los efectos de la migración de poblaciones originarias de África que viven a lo largo de la Costa Chica de Guerrero en México. El trabajo empieza narrando el impacto histórico de la llegada de los africanos a esta área de Nueva España, con esto espero explicar que, como un efecto de las crisis económicas recurrentes, un número creciente de afro-mexicanos de esta región migraron hacia Estados Unidos. Esta realidad trae diversos efectos a la población que aún reside en su comunidad de origen en México. En este caso, espero hacer énfasis en la revitalización que se observa en los festivales de la comunidad y en las celebraciones domésticas como las bodas. De forma paralela, este grupo crea y recrea un fenómeno nuevo dentro de los hombres jóvenes que regresan y que se comportan y son vistos como “cholos”, lo cual crea tensiones en sus pueblos.
Facility-based care for delivery and management of complications related to pregnancy and childbirth in Mexico

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Bernardo Hernández

2012-10-01

Full Text Available OBJECTIVE: To describe the incidence and management of severe maternal and newborn complications in selected health facilities in Mexico. MATERIALS AND METHODS: As part of the WHO Multicountry Survey on Maternal and Newborn health, information was collected from medical records of women with deliveries and/or severe maternal complications during pregnancy or puerperium in 14 hospitals in Mexico City and the state of Guanajuato, Mexico. RESULTS: Of 13 311 women, 157 (12 per 1 000 live births had severe maternal complications including 4 maternal deaths. The most frequent complications were preeclampsia, postpartum hemorrhage, and chronic hypertension. Adverse perinatal outcomes were more frequent among women with severe maternal complications. A high use of uterotonics and parenteral antibiotics was found. A small proportion of women with eclampsia received magnesium sulfate. CONCLUSION: This study provides indicators on the incidence and management of maternal and neonatal complications in Mexico, which may be useful in studying and evaluating the performance of obstetric services.OBJETIVO: Describir la incidencia y manejo de complicaciones maternas y neonatales severas en hospitales seleccionados de México. MATERIAL Y MÉTODOS: En el marco de la Encuesta Multipaís de la OMS sobre Salud Materna y Neonatal, se recolectó información de los expedientes médicos de las mujeres que tuvieron su parto o experimentaron complicaciones maternas severas durante el embarazo o puerperio en 14 hospitales de la Ciudad de México y el estado de Guanajuato, México. RESULTADOS: De 13 311 mujeres, 157 (12/1 000 nacidos vivos tuvieron complicaciones maternas severas, incluyendo 4 muertes maternas. Las complicaciones más frecuentes fueron preeclampsia, hemorragia postparto e hipertensión crónica. Los resultados perinatales adversos fueron más frecuentes en las mujeres con complicaciones severas. Hubo un uso amplio de uterotónicos y antibi
El género Hydrophilus (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae: Hydrophilina en México y Centroamérica The genus Hydrophilus (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae: Hydrophilina in Mexico and Central America

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Roberto Arce-Pérez

2013-03-01

Full Text Available A partir de la revisión morfológica de 499 ejemplares adultos y datos bibliográficos se actualizó la identidad y la distribución precisa de las especies del género Hydrophilus Geoffroy, 1762 que habitan en México y Centroamérica. Se presenta a H. (Dibolocelus purpuracens Régimbart, 1901 como nuevo registro para México. Las especies más ampliamente distribuidas son H. (H. ensifer Brullé, 1837 en 5 países y las Antillas e H. (H. insularis Castelnau, 1840 en 4 países y las Antillas. Los países con mayor riqueza fueron México con 5 especies, y Nicaragua y Costa Rica con 3 especies. En México el estado con mayor riqueza es Veracruz, y en Nicaragua los departamentos de León y Río San Juan. Se presenta una clave ilustrada para el reconocimiento de las especies.The taxonomy and precise distribution of the species of the genus Hydrophilus Geoffroy, 1762 from Mexico and Central America are reviewed, based on the morphological study of499 adult specimens, descriptions and literature records. Hydrophilus (Dibolocelus purpuracens Régimbart, 1901 is recorded for the first time for Mexico. Species with widest distribution are H. (H. ensifer Brullé, 1837 cited from 5 countries and in the Antilles, and H. (H. insularis Castelnau, 1840 cited from 4 countries and the Antilles. The richest countries are Mexico with 5 species, and Costa Rica and Nicaragua with 3 species. The highest species richness is recorded for the state of Veracruz, Mexico, and from the departments of León and Río San Juan, Nicaragua. An illustrated key to the species is included.
Standardized precipitation index zones for Mexico

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Giddings, L.; Soto, M. [Instituto de Ecologia, A.C., Xalapa, Veracruz (Mexico); Rutherford, B.M.; Maarouf, A. [Faculty of Environmental Studies, York University, Toronto, Ontario (Canada)

2005-01-01

Precipitation zone systems exists for Mexico based on seasonality, quantity of precipitation, climates and geographical divisions, but none are convenient for the study of the relation of precipitation with phenomena such as El nino. An empirical set of seven exclusively Mexican and six shared zones was derived from three series of Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI) images, from 1940 through 1989: a whole year series (SPI-12) of 582 monthly images, a six month series (SPI-6) of 50 images for winter months (November through April), and a six month series (SPI-6) of 50 images for summer months (May through October). By examination of principal component and unsupervised classification images, it was found that all three series had similar zones. A set of basic training fields chosen from the principal component images was used to classify all three series. The resulting thirteen zones, presented in this article, were found to be approximately similar, varying principally at zones edges. A set of simple zones defined by just a few vertices can be used for practical operations. In general the SPI zones are homogeneous, with almost no mixture of zones and few outliers of one zone in the area of others. They are compared with a previously published map of climatic regions. Potential applications for SPI zones are discussed. [Spanish] Existen varios sistemas de zonificacion de Mexico basados en la estacionalidad, cantidad de precipitacion, climas y divisiones geograficas, pero ninguno es conveniente para el estudio de la relacion de la precipitacion con fenomenos tales como El Nino. En este trabajo se presenta un conjunto de siete zonas empiricas exclusivamente mexicanas y seis compartidas, derivadas de tres series de imagenes de SPI (Indice Estandarizado de la Precipitacion), desde 1940 a 1989: una serie de 582 imagenes mensuales (SPI-12), una series de 50 imagenes (SPI-6) de meses de invierno (noviembre a abril), y otra de 50 imagenes (SPI-6) de meses de verano
Battery monitoring in Mexican hybrid power systems; Monitoreo de las baterias en sistemas de potencia hibridos Mexicanos

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Flores, J. Roberto; Agredano, Jaime [Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas, Cuernavaca (Mexico)

1997-12-31

almacenamiento de energia y muy frecuentemente este almacenamiento consiste en baterias que generalmente se conectan en arreglos en serie, en paralelo o una combinacion de ambos. En Mexico, al igual que en otros paises las baterias mas generalmente usadas para esta aplicacion son las baterias estacionarias y las baterias del tipo automotriz de ciclo profundo. Sin embargo la experiencia con ellas en estos sistemas generalmente no es muy buena. Una forma de superar es el de mantener un monitoreo con regularidad instalando un equipo de monitoreo, con el objeto de tomar acciones preventivas antes de que una falla en desarrollo pueda tener serias consecuencias, aumentando de esta manera el tiempo de vida practico de las baterias. Desafortunadamente, el monitoreo de baterias no es una facil tarea porque la mayor parte de los sistemas de potencia hibridos estan instalados en areas remotas, lo que lo hace dificil y costoso. En Mexico no ha sido posible mantener un monitoreo regular de todos los sistemas de potencia hibridos instalados debido al alto costo de este trabajo y a la falta de fondos. Los sistemas de potencia hibridos instalados en el Estado de Quintana Roo son los unicos sistemas que han sido monitoreados continuamente desde su instalacion. Este articulo da una vision general de los sistemas de potencia hibridos instalados en Mexico, enfocandose a los bancos de baterias, la forma como han sido monitoreados, los principales parametros usados para detectar posibles problemas prematuros y el metodo usado para evaluar las condiciones del banco de baterias. Finalmente se presentan algunos resultados de las actividades del monitoreo de bancos de baterias.
Battery monitoring in Mexican hybrid power systems; Monitoreo de las baterias en sistemas de potencia hibridos Mexicanos

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Flores, J Roberto; Agredano, Jaime [Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas, Cuernavaca (Mexico)

1998-12-31

almacenamiento de energia y muy frecuentemente este almacenamiento consiste en baterias que generalmente se conectan en arreglos en serie, en paralelo o una combinacion de ambos. En Mexico, al igual que en otros paises las baterias mas generalmente usadas para esta aplicacion son las baterias estacionarias y las baterias del tipo automotriz de ciclo profundo. Sin embargo la experiencia con ellas en estos sistemas generalmente no es muy buena. Una forma de superar es el de mantener un monitoreo con regularidad instalando un equipo de monitoreo, con el objeto de tomar acciones preventivas antes de que una falla en desarrollo pueda tener serias consecuencias, aumentando de esta manera el tiempo de vida practico de las baterias. Desafortunadamente, el monitoreo de baterias no es una facil tarea porque la mayor parte de los sistemas de potencia hibridos estan instalados en areas remotas, lo que lo hace dificil y costoso. En Mexico no ha sido posible mantener un monitoreo regular de todos los sistemas de potencia hibridos instalados debido al alto costo de este trabajo y a la falta de fondos. Los sistemas de potencia hibridos instalados en el Estado de Quintana Roo son los unicos sistemas que han sido monitoreados continuamente desde su instalacion. Este articulo da una vision general de los sistemas de potencia hibridos instalados en Mexico, enfocandose a los bancos de baterias, la forma como han sido monitoreados, los principales parametros usados para detectar posibles problemas prematuros y el metodo usado para evaluar las condiciones del banco de baterias. Finalmente se presentan algunos resultados de las actividades del monitoreo de bancos de baterias.
Micrometeorological studies for the characterization of the atmospheric superficial layer in the Valley of Mexico; Estudios micrometeorologicos para la caracterizacion de la capa atmosferica superficial en el Valle de Mexico

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Saldana Flores, Ricardo; Salcido Gonzalez, Victor A.; Borja Diaz, Marco Antonio R.; Morales Reyes, Maria Flor [Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas, Cuernavaca (Mexico)

1995-12-31

This work establishes the principal aspects related to two micrometeorological campaigns carried out in the Valley of Mexico, the first one from May 19 to 27, 1992 in the vicinity of the Valle de Mexico thermoelectric central and the second from September 13 to 21, 1993 in a site nearby the recreational lake of the Texcoco Plan. The first campaign of measurements encompassed the monitoring at ground level (at a height of 10 meters) of the following parameters: -wind orthogonal components; -temperature; -relative humidity; -Global radiation; - Net radiation; -Atmospheric pressure. Also, simultaneously five daily radio soundings were performed through a captive balloon and free soundings, up to an approximate height of 2500 meters. During the second campaign the same measurements as in the first campaign were carried out, except the radio soundings with the captive balloon, incorporating a turbulence ultrasonic sensor with which, among other parameters, were obtained: -Mean velocities of the wind orthogonal components; -Mean temperature; -Covariance of the wind component z and temperature; -Friction velocity; -Monin-Obukov length; -Vertical heat flow; -Wind mean velocity; -Wind mean direction. [Espanol] En el presente trabajo se anotan los principales aspectos relativos a dos campanas micrometeorologicas realizadas en el Valle de Mexico, la primera del 19 al 27 de mayo de 1992 en las inmediaciones de la central termoelectrica Valle de Mexico y la segunda del 13 al 21 de septiembre de 1993, en un sitio cercano al lago recreativo del Plan Texcoco. La primera campana de mediciones abarco el monitoreo en superficie (a 10 m de altura) de los siguientes parametros: - Componentes ortogonales del viento. - Temperatura. - Humedad relativa. - Radiacion global. - Radiacion neta. - Presion atmosferica. Asimismo, se llevaron a cabo simultaneamente cinco radiosondeos diarios a traves de un globo cautivo y de sondas libres, hasta una altura aproximada de 2500 metros. Durante la
Micrometeorological studies for the characterization of the atmospheric superficial layer in the Valley of Mexico; Estudios micrometeorologicos para la caracterizacion de la capa atmosferica superficial en el Valle de Mexico

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Saldana Flores, Ricardo; Salcido Gonzalez, Victor A; Borja Diaz, Marco Antonio R.; Morales Reyes, Maria Flor [Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas, Cuernavaca (Mexico)

1996-12-31

This work establishes the principal aspects related to two micrometeorological campaigns carried out in the Valley of Mexico, the first one from May 19 to 27, 1992 in the vicinity of the Valle de Mexico thermoelectric central and the second from September 13 to 21, 1993 in a site nearby the recreational lake of the Texcoco Plan. The first campaign of measurements encompassed the monitoring at ground level (at a height of 10 meters) of the following parameters: -wind orthogonal components; -temperature; -relative humidity; -Global radiation; - Net radiation; -Atmospheric pressure. Also, simultaneously five daily radio soundings were performed through a captive balloon and free soundings, up to an approximate height of 2500 meters. During the second campaign the same measurements as in the first campaign were carried out, except the radio soundings with the captive balloon, incorporating a turbulence ultrasonic sensor with which, among other parameters, were obtained: -Mean velocities of the wind orthogonal components; -Mean temperature; -Covariance of the wind component z and temperature; -Friction velocity; -Monin-Obukov length; -Vertical heat flow; -Wind mean velocity; -Wind mean direction. [Espanol] En el presente trabajo se anotan los principales aspectos relativos a dos campanas micrometeorologicas realizadas en el Valle de Mexico, la primera del 19 al 27 de mayo de 1992 en las inmediaciones de la central termoelectrica Valle de Mexico y la segunda del 13 al 21 de septiembre de 1993, en un sitio cercano al lago recreativo del Plan Texcoco. La primera campana de mediciones abarco el monitoreo en superficie (a 10 m de altura) de los siguientes parametros: - Componentes ortogonales del viento. - Temperatura. - Humedad relativa. - Radiacion global. - Radiacion neta. - Presion atmosferica. Asimismo, se llevaron a cabo simultaneamente cinco radiosondeos diarios a traves de un globo cautivo y de sondas libres, hasta una altura aproximada de 2500 metros. Durante la
The use of the electric vehicle in the metropolitan area of Mexico city; Uso de vehiculos electricos en el area metropolitana de la ciudad de Mexico

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Robles, G. [Centro de Intrumentos, UNAM, Mexico, D. F. (Mexico); Sheinbaum, C. [Instituto de Ingenieria, UNAM, Mexico, D. F. (Mexico)

1997-12-31

A study is performed on the impact that the introduction of the electric vehicle (EV) would have in the environmental pollution of the metropolitan area of Mexico City (MAMC) for different penetration scenarios of this technology and the costs of the electric vehicle is analyzed and compared with its counterpart, the gasoline vehicle. The associated emissions of a fleet formed of EV and internal combustion engine vehicles (ICEV) were determined and the emissions reduction of the contaminants considered in the period 1995-2010 produced was analyzed. It was found that the introduction of EV could importantly reduce the carbon monoxide, methane and carbon dioxide and marginally the nitrogen oxides. It was determined that if the EV is massively produced its total cost for its entire useful life would be comparable to the cost of the ICEV. [Espanol] Se realiza un estudio sobre el impacto que tendria la introduccion de vehiculos electricos (VE) en la contaminacion ambiental del area metropolitana de la ciudad de Mexico (AMCM) para diferentes escenarios de penetracion de esta tecnologia y se analiza el costo de los vehiculos electricos en comparacion con su contraparte de gasolina. Se determinaron las emisiones asociadas a una flota compuesta de VE y vehiculos con motor de combustion interna (VMCI) y se analizo la reduccion que producia en las emisiones de los diferentes contaminantes considerados en el periodo 1995-2010. Se encontro que la introduccion de VE podria reducir de manera importante las emisiones de monoxido de carbono, metano y dioxido de carbono y marginalmente las de oxido de nitrogeno. Se determino que si los VE son producidos masivamente su costo total para toda su vida util seria comparable al correspondiente al de los VMCI.
The use of the electric vehicle in the metropolitan area of Mexico city; Uso de vehiculos electricos en el area metropolitana de la ciudad de Mexico

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Robles, G [Centro de Intrumentos, UNAM, Mexico, D. F. (Mexico); Sheinbaum, C [Instituto de Ingenieria, UNAM, Mexico, D. F. (Mexico)

1998-12-31

A study is performed on the impact that the introduction of the electric vehicle (EV) would have in the environmental pollution of the metropolitan area of Mexico City (MAMC) for different penetration scenarios of this technology and the costs of the electric vehicle is analyzed and compared with its counterpart, the gasoline vehicle. The associated emissions of a fleet formed of EV and internal combustion engine vehicles (ICEV) were determined and the emissions reduction of the contaminants considered in the period 1995-2010 produced was analyzed. It was found that the introduction of EV could importantly reduce the carbon monoxide, methane and carbon dioxide and marginally the nitrogen oxides. It was determined that if the EV is massively produced its total cost for its entire useful life would be comparable to the cost of the ICEV. [Espanol] Se realiza un estudio sobre el impacto que tendria la introduccion de vehiculos electricos (VE) en la contaminacion ambiental del area metropolitana de la ciudad de Mexico (AMCM) para diferentes escenarios de penetracion de esta tecnologia y se analiza el costo de los vehiculos electricos en comparacion con su contraparte de gasolina. Se determinaron las emisiones asociadas a una flota compuesta de VE y vehiculos con motor de combustion interna (VMCI) y se analizo la reduccion que producia en las emisiones de los diferentes contaminantes considerados en el periodo 1995-2010. Se encontro que la introduccion de VE podria reducir de manera importante las emisiones de monoxido de carbono, metano y dioxido de carbono y marginalmente las de oxido de nitrogeno. Se determino que si los VE son producidos masivamente su costo total para toda su vida util seria comparable al correspondiente al de los VMCI.
Action of the surge in the stability of the marine bed in the sounding of Campeche, Mexico; Accion del oleaje en la estabilidad del lecho marino en la sonda de Campeche, Mexico

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Mendoza Baldwin, E.G.; Silva Casarin, R. [Instituto de Ingenieria, UNAM, (Mexico); Salazar Carrillo, E.E. [Instituto Mexicano del Petroleo (Mexico)

2004-12-01

Among the phenomena that must be taken into account while designing and constructing coastal structures, the wave-induced soil response has become a very important issue. One reason for this growing interest is that many structures have been reportedly failed because of seabed instability rather than design or construction deficiencies. In this paper we present the application to Sonda de Campeche, Mexico of an analytical model for a porous seabed of finite thickness, h, subject a 3D short crested wave system. This exact solution gives explicit expressions for the pore pressure and effective stresses under. [Spanish] La seguridad de las actividades relacionadas con el litoral depende, en gran medida, del correcto funcionamiento de las estructuras de operacion y proteccion, el diseno de las cuales, a su vez, requiere de un conocimiento lo mas completo posible, tanto de las solicitaciones como del comportamiento del entorno en el que seran construidas. Como respuesta a dichas necesidades, en este trabajo se presenta la aplicacion de un modelo en tres dimensiones con el que se puede representar la respuesta del lecho marino, considerando la existencia de un estrato poroso de espesor finito ante la accion de un sistema de ondas progresivas de cresta corta, el cual es de especial utilidad para el diseno y tendido de lineas submarinas. Dentro de las bondades del modelo se cuenta con la posibilidad de varias las condiciones del tipo de suelo (cohesivo, arenoso o mixto), grado de saturacion, angulo de incidencia del oleaje y espesor del estrato poroso. El modelo tridimensional es alimentado con datos de oleaje y tipo de suelo de la bahia de Campeche, Mexico, con los que se analizan las distribuciones verticales de los esfuerzos y la presion de poro inducidos. Finalmente, se realiza un estudio de inestabilidad del lecho marino para la misma bahia, comparando los resultados del modelo con los de sondeos en campo.
EL RENDIMIENTO ACADÉMICO DE LAS MUJERES EN MATEMÁTICAS: ANÁLISIS BIBLIOGRÁFICO Y UN ESTUDIO DE CASO EN EDUCACIÓN SUPERIOR EN MÉXICO (ACADEMIC PERFORMANCE OF WOMEN IN MATH: LITERATURE REVIEW AND A CASE STUDY IN HIGHER EDUCATION IN MEXICO

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Aguiar Barrera Martha Elena

2011-08-01

Full Text Available Resumen:En este artículo se investiga el rendimiento académico de las mujeres en matemáticas en los niveles preuniversitario y universitario. El estudio consta de dos partes; en la primera, se indaga en la literatura los reportes sobre dicho rendimiento en la etapa preuniversitaria en América Latina, con énfasis en México, y se concluye que en términos generales los puntajes promedio obtenidos por las mujeres son menores de los obtenidos por los hombres, y esto contribuye, entre otras cosas, a que una menor cantidad de mujeres opten por carreras universitarias científico - tecnológicas. En la segunda parte, se investiga el rendimiento en matemáticas de las mujeres en nivel superior; se hace un análisis estadístico de su rendimiento en un medio masculinizado, como lo es el Centro Universitario de Ciencias Exactas e Ingenierías (CUCEI de la Universidad de Guadalajara. Se utilizan los datos de evaluaciones estandarizadas y continuas de los estudiantes en las materias de matemáticas del CUCEI; y se encuentra que las alumnas obtienen en promedio mejores resultados que los alumnos. Además se deduce que las profesoras tienen mejor desempeño, en el sentido de que sus estudiantes, de ambos sexos, superan en su puntaje promedio a los estudiantes de los profesores varones.Abstract: Academic performance of women in mathematics is analyzed. The study consists of two parts. The aim of the first part was to perform a literature review about such performance at the pre-university level in Latin America, with emphasis on Mexico; it is concluded that the average performance of boys was higher than girls. In the second part, female performance in mathematics was investigated at the Centro Universitario de Ciencias Exactas e Ingenierías (CUCEI of Universidad de Guadalajara (UdeG, Mexico; where men predominate in number and positions. The study was performed on the basis of periodic standardize assessment and continuing evaluation of learning. It
What are the next steps? Legal perspectives on Mexico's general climate change law; Cuales son los siguientes pasos? Perspectivas juridicas sobre la ley general de cambio climatico de Mexico

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2012-07-01

cambio climatico; o la generacion y diseminacion de informacion en la materia, los desarrollos legislativos y regulatorios para respaldar los esfuerzos tendientes a enfrentar el cambio climatico se habian quedado muy atras. Como ejemplos del desarrollo de politicas publicas de corto, largo y mediano plazo y de la cuantificacion de costos podemos mencionar la Estrategia Nacional de Cambio Climatico (2007) y el Programa Especial de Cambio Climatico (2009-2012) (PECC), asi como el estudio: La Economia del Cambio Climatico en Mexico, en el cual se estiman los costos de inaccion frente al cambio climatico. 1 Para ilustrar los desarrollos en la generacion y difusion de informacion pueden consultarse las cuatro Comunicaciones Nacionales sobre Cambio Climatico que Mexico ha presentado ante la Convencion Marco de las Naciones Unidas sobre el Cambio Climatico (CMNUCC), asi como la Quinta Comunicacion en proceso de preparacion. 2 Sin embargo, a nivel nacional, hasta la reciente promulgacion de la Ley General de Cambio Climatico (LGCC), dichos importantes pasos no habian sido respaldados por un esfuerzo igual de ambicioso en el ambito juridico.
Smart microgrids in refineries, Mexico case; Microrredes inteligentes en refinerias, caso Mexico

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Estrada Garcia, Javier Alejandro; Linan Garcia, Roberto; Picasso Blanquel, Cuitlahuac; Silva Farias, Jose Luis [Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas, Cuernavaca, Morelos (Mexico)

2013-03-01

In this paper we present the technological trends on smart microgrids for refineries, case Mexico. Distributed generation on refineries is a model of microgrid with great challenges to solve, considering renewable energy. Also it discusses the scenario in bidirectional connection from refineries to the utility supergrid Comision Federal de Electricidad (CFE by its acronym in Spanish) and how to reach the development of a smart microgrid. We look different scenarios in power systems refineries, and the feasibility to achieve and develop the technology concepts in smart grid, such as: demand response in real time, exchange of energy between microgrid with supergrid-CFE and viceversa, energy efficiency, microgrid automation, selfhealing/real time autorecovery fault in power systems, storage energy and its application on power systems blackout in refineries. Finally we discussed the concepts that represent the greatest challenges to be solved on the smart microgrids and consider obtaining alternatives solution in medium or long term. [Spanish] En este documento se presentan las tendencias tecnologicas en micro redes inteligentes para refinerias, en el caso de Mexico. La generacion distribuida en refinerias es un modelo de micro red con grandes desafios por resolver, considerando la energia renovable. Se analiza tambien el escenario en conexion bidireccional de refinerias a la super red de la Comision Federal de Electricidad (CFE), la empresa electrica mexicana, y como lograr el desarrollo de una micro red inteligente. Se consideran diferentes escenarios en refinerias de sistemas de potencia, y la factibilidad de alcanzar y desarrollar los conceptos de tecnologia en una red inteligente, tales como: respuesta de demanda en tiempo real, intercambio de energia entre la micro red con la super red de la CFE y viceversa, eficiencia de energia, automatizacion de micro redes, autorrecuperacion de fallas en autoarreglo/tiempo real. En sistemas de potencia, almacenamiento de

Tendencias en el estudio del comportamiento electoral en México / Trends in Electoral Behavior Studies in Mexico

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Rubén Flores González

2017-03-01

Full Text Available El estudio del comportamiento electoral, en lo que se refiere a la manera en cómo los ciudadanos toman la decisión de por quién votar en una democracia, es un tema que adquiere relevancia en México a partir de las elecciones de 1988, derivado del surgimiento de fuerzas políticas que pueden competir electoralmente contra el partido hegemónico: el Partido Revolucionario Institucional (PRI. Debido a lo reciente de este acontecimiento, muchas de las investigaciones realizadas en el país sobre este campo de estudio corresponden a esfuerzos aislados y poco sistematizados. Por esta razón, el objetivo del presente trabajo es sistematizar, mediante una revisión documental, el conocimiento disponible en México sobre el comportamiento electoral de los votantes mexicanos. De esta revisión se concluye que los estudios electorales en México han buscado adaptar a la realidad del país los constructos y las teorías creadas y probadas en Estados Unidos. Esta adaptación ha resultado positiva la mayoría de las veces y hoy existen instituciones y asociaciones académicas que han consolidado este campo de estudio. / The study of electoral behavior regarding how citizens decide who to vote for in a democracy has become important in Mexico since the 1988 elections. That is because in that year, political forces emerged that were able to compete at the polls with the Institutional Revolutionary Party (PRI, until then hegemonic. Since this is still very recent, many of the initial research projects in this field in Mexico have been isolated efforts that were not very systematic. For this reason, the aim of this article is to systematize the information available in Mexico about voter behavior through a review of the literature. This review concludes that electoral studies in Mexico have attempted to adapt to Mexico’s situation constructs and theories created and tested in the United States. This adaptation has been positive in most cases, and today
Financing options in Mexico`s energy industry

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

McKenna, J.J. [PricewaterhouseCoopers Securities, Houston, TX (United States)

1999-10-01

A series of brief notes accompanied this presentation which was divided into seven sections entitled: (1) capital markets update, (2) Mexican financial market update, (3) financing options in the energy industry, (4) the Venezuelan experience at La Apertura, (5) private and strategic equity alternatives, (6) Pricewaterhouse Coopers Securities, and (7) Mexico energy 2005 prediction. The paper focused on how the financial crisis and merger activity in Latin America will impact electricity reform in Mexico. It was noted that under Mexico`s Policy Proposal for Electricity Reform of the Mexican Electricity Industry, the financial community will seek to back companies in power generation, transportation and distribution. The difficulty of financing government businesses undergoing privatization was also discussed with particular emphasis on the challenge of accepting political and regulatory risks. The Latin private equity market and Canadian investment in Mexico was also reviewed. Since NAFTA (North American Free Trade Agreement) went into affect in 1994, Canadian investment in Mexico has more than tripled. Canadian companies have invested more than C$1.7 billion in Mexico since NAFTA. Pricewaterhouse Coopers Securities is a global investment bank which sees large opportunities in the Mexican energy market. They predict that in five years, Mexico will experience a gradual liberalization of the oil and gas sector, and a full liberalization of the gas pipeline and distribution business and the power generation, transmission and distribution business. 3 figs.
Mexico Geoid Heights (MEXICO97)

Data.gov (United States)

National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Department of Commerce — This 2' geoid height grid for Mexico, and North-Central America, is the MEXICO97 geoid model. The computation used about one million terrestrial and marine gravity...
On the vertical distribution of pollutants in Mexico City

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Perez Vidal, H. [Universidad Juarez Autonoma de Tabasco, Division Academica de Ciencias Basicas, Tabasco (Mexico); Raga, G. B. [Centro de Ciencias de la Atmosfera, UNAM, Mexico, D.F. (Mexico)

1998-04-01

Mexico se estudia en este trabajo utilizando una base de datos obtenidos por un avion meteorologico instrumentado durante una campana de muestreo en febrero de 1991. Estos datos constituyen una base unica en Mexico y permiten conocer la estructura vertical de la capa limite y de especies contaminantes que no han sido presentadas anteriormente. Los resultados obtenidos en cuanto a la evolucion y estructura de la capa de mezcla indican que su altura pasa de 100 m a las 8 de la manana a mas de 2000 m sobre el nivel de la superficie a las 5 de la tarde. Los resultados consistentemente presentan que el maximo en la concentracion de ozono no se observa en superficie, sino a una altura de 700 m por encima de ella cerca del mediodia. Este pico, con una concentracion promedio durante el periodo observacional de 167 ppb, parece ser un resultado transitorio, dado que las concentraciones se homogeneizan en la vertical por la tarde. Los perfiles verticales de oxido de nitrogeno y de bioxido de azufre indican que las concentraciones son maximas durante la manana y decrecen uniformemente con la altura, sugiriendo que las fuentes para estas especies estan en la superficie, como era de esperar. No parece haber una correlacion entre el contenido de oxidos de nitrogeno observado durante los sondeos de la manana (durante el despegue del avion) y la concentracion de ozono observada durante el aterrizaje (2 o 3 horas mas tarde). Cuando las variables son normalizadas por la altura de la capa de mezcla, los resultados indican que el ozono es independiente de la concentracion de oxidos de nitrogeno observada durante el despegue. El rango de valores del cociente entre el ozono acumulado en la capa de mezcla y la altura de esa capa no es amplio. Las particulas de aerosol cerca de la superficie presentan su maxima concentracion durante la manana, pero durante el transcurso del dia, hay un marcado incremento en la concentracion mas arriba en la capa de mezcla, sugiriendo que posiblemente la
On the annual cycle of the sea surface temperature and the mixed layer depth in the Gulf of Mexico

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Mendoza, V.M.; Villanueva, E.E.; Adem, J. [Centro de Ciencias de la Atmosfera, Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico, UNAM, Mexico, D.F. (Mexico)

2005-04-01

Mexico. El modelo se basa en las ecuaciones de conservacion de energia termica y mecanica, esta ultima derivada de la teoria de Graus Turner, ambas ecuaciones estan acopladas de integradas verticalmente en la capa de mezcla. Las ecuaciones del modelo se resuelven en una malla regular de 25 km en el Golfo de Mexico, la region noroeste del Mar Caribe y la costa este de Florida. La velocidad de la corriente oceanica superficial y las variables atmosfericas son prescritas en el modelo usando valores observados. Mostramos la importancia que tiene el bombeo de Ekman en la velocidad de penetracion turbulenta. Encontramos que la surgencia tiene un papel importante en incrementar la penetracion turbulenta produciendo un enfriamiento del agua superficial y una disminucion en la profanidad de la capa de mezcla en la Bahia de Campeche. En el resto del Golfo el hundimiento tiende a reducir la penetracion turbulenta y a incrementar la temperatura de la superficie y la profundidad de la capa de mezcla. Una comparacion del ciclo anual de la SST y de la MLD calculados con el modelo muestra concordancia con las correspondientes observaciones reportadas por Robinson (1973). En la region profunda del Golfo de Mexico, los datos de concentracion de pigmentos fotosinteticos, obtenidos de analisis ambientales, muestran en enero, abril, mayo, junio y septiembre correlacion significativa con el ciclo anual de la velocidad de penetracion vertical turbulenta calculada.
What are the next steps? Legal perspectives on Mexico's general climate change law; Cuales son los siguientes pasos? Perspectivas juridicas sobre la ley general de cambio climatico de Mexico

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2012-07-01

cambio climatico; o la generacion y diseminacion de informacion en la materia, los desarrollos legislativos y regulatorios para respaldar los esfuerzos tendientes a enfrentar el cambio climatico se habian quedado muy atras. Como ejemplos del desarrollo de politicas publicas de corto, largo y mediano plazo y de la cuantificacion de costos podemos mencionar la Estrategia Nacional de Cambio Climatico (2007) y el Programa Especial de Cambio Climatico (2009-2012) (PECC), asi como el estudio: La Economia del Cambio Climatico en Mexico, en el cual se estiman los costos de inaccion frente al cambio climatico. 1 Para ilustrar los desarrollos en la generacion y difusion de informacion pueden consultarse las cuatro Comunicaciones Nacionales sobre Cambio Climatico que Mexico ha presentado ante la Convencion Marco de las Naciones Unidas sobre el Cambio Climatico (CMNUCC), asi como la Quinta Comunicacion en proceso de preparacion. 2 Sin embargo, a nivel nacional, hasta la reciente promulgacion de la Ley General de Cambio Climatico (LGCC), dichos importantes pasos no habian sido respaldados por un esfuerzo igual de ambicioso en el ambito juridico.
Mexico's summer rainfall patterns: an analysis of regional modes and changes in their teleconnectivity

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Englehart, P.J.; Douglas, A.V. [Department of Atmospheric and Environmental Sciencies, Creighton University, Omaha, N.E. (United States)

2002-07-01

(1927-1997). La red de estaciones provee informacion espacial razonable sobre la mayor parte del pais. Mediante un analisis de agrupamiento, en el estudio se delimitan cinco regiones relativamente grandes. Dentro de cada una de estas regiones, la lluvia mensual de las estaciones exhibe niveles altos de coherencia espacial. La estructura de cada region es clara y fisicamente razonable en relacion a la climatologia de Mexico. Las series de tiempo regionales son expresadas como desviacion con respecto a la normal. En la mayor parte de estas series, la persistencia intraestacional, es decir, de un mes a otro, es minima; de hecho, solamente algunas de las series muestran tendencias significativas hacia un comportamiento serial no aleatorio. Este estudio evalua la teleconectividad entre la series de lluvia regionales y varios indices de la variabilidad oceanografica y atmosferica de gran escala, que incluyen un indice asociado a El Nino la Oscilacion del Sur, diferentes indices que describen la posicion e intensidad del cinturon subtropical de altas presiones, asi como valores locales de la temperatura del agua de la superficie del mar en el Pacifico Oriental y Golfo de Mexico. Todos los analisis de teleconexion consideran el modo de variabilidad quasi-decadal comunmente conocida como Pacific Decadal Oscilatin (PDO). Los resultados del estudio estan de acuerdo con los resultados de otros investigadores, que muestran una teleconectividad diferencial como una funcion de fase PDO. Sin embargo, a diferencia de otros estudios, no se encuentran evidencias de un comportamiento no lineal en las teleconexiones dentro de la fase PDO. En lugar de eso, el rasgo mas destacado de las teleconexiones es simplemente que estas tienden a ser mas fuertes y extensas especialmente durante una fase positiva PDO.
Experiences in transferring the techniques for the economical conduction of the Mexico`s vehicular transport; Experiencias de la transferencia de las tecnicas de conduccion economica en el autotransporte en Mexico

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Garcia Osorio, Francisco Javier [Comision Nacional para el Ahorro de Energia, Mexico, D. F. (Mexico)

1996-12-31

The Comision Nacional para el Ahorro de Energia (CONAE) (National Commission for Energy Conservation) developed the training program that through the dictation of pilot courses of technical-economical conduction of auto-motor vehicles is addressed to private enterprises, agencies and governmental institutions. This paper presents the background and the obtained results of the same. This methodology is presented in detail and a description of the courses is also presented as well as its characteristics. The comparative results are annexed of the tests between the conduction normally performed and the technical-economical conduction. The fuel saving obtained varies from 9% to 22.5%. Then, the reasons why the training in the technical- economical conduction results in one of the actions more profitable in fuel saving are explained, but also the difficulties for its implementation are also discussed. A conclusion is offered. [Espanol] La Comision Nacional para el Ahorro de Energia (CONAE) desarrollo el programa de capacitacion que a traves de la imparticion de cursos pilotos de conduccion tecnico- economica de vehiculos automotores, se dirige a las empresas privadas, dependencias e instituciones gubernamentales. En este trabajo se presentan los antecedentes y resultados obtenidos del mismo. Se detalla esta metodologia y se presenta una descripcion de los cursos y sus caracteristicas. Se anexan resultados comparativos de las pruebas entre la conduccion que se realiza normalmente y la conduccion tecnico-economica. Los ahorros de combustible obtenidos van desde 9% hasta 22.5%. Luego, se explican las razones por las que la capacitacion en conduccion tecnico-economica resulta ser una de las acciones mas rentables del ahorro de combustibles, pero tambien se discuten las dificultades para implantarla. Se ofrece una conclusion.
Experiences in transferring the techniques for the economical conduction of the Mexico`s vehicular transport; Experiencias de la transferencia de las tecnicas de conduccion economica en el autotransporte en Mexico

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Garcia Osorio, Francisco Javier [Comision Nacional para el Ahorro de Energia, Mexico, D. F. (Mexico)

1997-12-31

The Comision Nacional para el Ahorro de Energia (CONAE) (National Commission for Energy Conservation) developed the training program that through the dictation of pilot courses of technical-economical conduction of auto-motor vehicles is addressed to private enterprises, agencies and governmental institutions. This paper presents the background and the obtained results of the same. This methodology is presented in detail and a description of the courses is also presented as well as its characteristics. The comparative results are annexed of the tests between the conduction normally performed and the technical-economical conduction. The fuel saving obtained varies from 9% to 22.5%. Then, the reasons why the training in the technical- economical conduction results in one of the actions more profitable in fuel saving are explained, but also the difficulties for its implementation are also discussed. A conclusion is offered. [Espanol] La Comision Nacional para el Ahorro de Energia (CONAE) desarrollo el programa de capacitacion que a traves de la imparticion de cursos pilotos de conduccion tecnico- economica de vehiculos automotores, se dirige a las empresas privadas, dependencias e instituciones gubernamentales. En este trabajo se presentan los antecedentes y resultados obtenidos del mismo. Se detalla esta metodologia y se presenta una descripcion de los cursos y sus caracteristicas. Se anexan resultados comparativos de las pruebas entre la conduccion que se realiza normalmente y la conduccion tecnico-economica. Los ahorros de combustible obtenidos van desde 9% hasta 22.5%. Luego, se explican las razones por las que la capacitacion en conduccion tecnico-economica resulta ser una de las acciones mas rentables del ahorro de combustibles, pero tambien se discuten las dificultades para implantarla. Se ofrece una conclusion.
Effect of hydrocarbons and nitrogen oxides on ozone formation in smog chambers exposed to solar irradiance of Mexico City

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Sandoval F, J; Marroquin de la R, O; Jaimes L, J. L; Zuniga L, V. A; Gonzalez O, E; Guzman Lopez-Figueroa, F [Instituto Mexicano del Petroleo, Mexico, D.F. (Mexico)

2001-01-01

Outdoor smog chambers experiments were performed on air to determine the answer of maximum ozone levels, to changes in the initial hydrocarbons, HC, and nitrogen oxide NO{sub x}. These captive-air experiments under natural irradiation were carried out. Typically, eight chambers were filled with Mexico city air in the morning. In some of those chambers, the initial HC and/or Nox concentrations were varied by {+-}25% to {+-}50% by adding various combinations of a mixture of HC, clean air, or NO{sub x} (perturbed chambers). The O{sub 3} and NO{sub x} concentration in each chamber was monitored throughout the day to determine O{sub 3} (max). The initial HC and NO{sub x} concentration effects were determined by comparing the maximum ozone concentrations measured in the perturbed and unperturbed chambers. Ozone isopleths were constructed from the empirical model obtained of measurements of the eight chambers and plotted in a graph whose axe were the initial HC and NO{sub x} values. For the average initial conditions that were measured in Mexico City, it was found that the most efficient strategy to reduce the maximum concentration of O{sub 3} is the one that reduces NO{sub x}. [Spanish] Se realizaron experimentos de camaras de esmog con el aire de la ciudad de Mexico para determinar las respuestas de los niveles maximos de ozono a los cambios en las concentraciones iniciales de hidrocarburos, HC y oxido de nitrogeno, NO{sub x}. Por lo general, se llenaron 8 bolsas con aire matutino de la Ciudad de Mexico. En algunas camaras, las concentraciones iniciales fueron cambiadas de 25% a 50%, anadiendo varias concentraciones de una mezcla de HC, aire limpio y/o NO{sub x}. La concentracion de O{sub 3} y NO{sub x}, en cada camara, fueron monitoreadas a lo largo del dia para determinar el maximo de O{sub 3}. El efecto de los HC y el NO{sub x} fue determinado por comparacion del maximo de ozono formado en las camaras, que fueron perturbadas por adicion o reduccion de HC y/o Nox
77 FR 55225 - Notice of Public Meeting, Las Cruces District Resource Advisory Council Meeting, New Mexico

Science.gov (United States)

2012-09-07

... deaf (TDD) may call the Federal Information Relay Service (FIRS) at 1-800-877-8229 to contact the above... variety of planning and management issues associated with public land management in New Mexico. Planned...
77 FR 18858 - Notice of Public Meeting, Las Cruces District Resource Advisory Council Meeting, New Mexico

Science.gov (United States)

2012-03-28

... deaf (TDD) may call the Federal Information Relay Service (FIRS) at 1-800-877-8229 to contact the above... variety of planning and management issues associated with public land management in New Mexico. Planned...
EL MODO DE VIDA LACUSTRE: ETNOGRAFÍA DE LAS CUENCAS LACUSTRES DE MICHOACÁN (Ethnographic Perspectives on the Aquatic Lifeway in Michoacan, Western Mexico

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Eduardo Williams

2015-10-01

Full Text Available Mesoamérica fue la única civilización en el mundo antiguo que careció de fuentes importantes de proteína animal como el ganado, los cerdos y los borregos. Por lo tanto, las abundantes especies acuáticas (peces, aves, reptiles, anfibios, insectos y plantas, entre otros tuvieron un papel estratégico en la dieta y la economía de la mayoría de las culturas mesoamericanas, incluyendo a los tarascos. Este estudio de actividades de subsistencia (pesca, caza, recolección y manufactura en los lagos de Cuitzeo y Pátzcuaro (Michoacán, México enfatiza la relevancia de la etnografía, la arqueología y la etnohistoria como herramientas para entender el modo de vida lacustre tradicional de los tarascos; que vivían en un entorno dominado por lagos, ríos, pantanos y otros paisajes acuáticos. ENGLISH: Mesoamerica was the only civilization in the ancient world that lacked major domesticated sources of animal protein, such as cattle, pigs, and sheep. Therefore, the abundant wild aquatic species (fish, birds, reptiles, amphibians, insects, and plants, among others had a strategic role in the diet and economy of most Mesoamerican cultures, including the Tarascans. This study of subsistence activities (fishing, hunting, gathering, and manufacture around the Cuitzeo and Pátzcuaro lakes (Michoacán, Mexico underscores the value of ethnography, archaeology, and ethnohistory as tools for understanding the traditional aquatic lifeway of the Tarascans; who lived in an environment dominated by lakes, rivers, marshes and other wetlands.
Numerical modeling of Etla Valley aquifer, Oax., Mexico: Evolution and remediation scenarios

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Flores-Marquez, E. L; Martinez-Serrano, R. G; Chavez, R. E; Crusillo, Y [Instituto de Geofisica, Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico, Mexico D.F. (Mexico); Jimenez, G [Facultad de Ingenieria, Benemerita Universidad Autonoma de Puebla, Puebla (Mexico); Camops-Enriquez, O [Instituto de Geofisica, Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico, Mexico D.F. (Mexico)

2008-01-15

Short-term evolution (for 2001, 2005 and 2015) for the shallow aquifer of Etla Valley, Oaxaca, southern Mexico, was simulated based in a 3D hydrological model elaborated from the available geological, geophysical, geochemical, and hydrologic parameters. The numerical simulations were based on Visual MODFLOW code. These simulations indicate that, if the actual extraction regime is maintained, the drawdown of the potentiometric surface will get worse to the SE of the study area (i. e. beneath Oaxaca city). The prevailing aquifer flow direction favors the ground water pollution by fertilizers and leakage from the sewage network (dumped to the Atoyac river). According to the numerical simulation, remediation of this situation is possible if the wells located in the neighborhood of Oaxaca City are relocated at the recharge zones (i. e. at the feet from Sierra de Juarez). This remediation scenario will allow a recovery of the drawdown of the potentiometric surface. [Spanish] Se presenta un modelo geohidrologico evolutivo 3D a corto plazo (para los anos 2001, 2005 y 2015) del acuifero somero del Valle de Etla, Oaxaca, sureste de Mexico, basado en los parametros disponibles de geologia, geofisica, geoquimica e hidrologia. Las simulaciones numericas fueron realizadas en Visual MODFLOW. Estas simulaciones indican que, si el actual regimen de extraccion es mantenido, el abatimiento de la superficie potenciometrica puede ser mayor en el SE del area de estudio (i. e. cerca de la ciudad de Oaxaca). La contaminacion por fertilizantes y por las fugas de drenaje es favorecida por la direccion de flujo imperante en el acuifero (vaciandose en el rio Atoyac). De acuerdo a las simulaciones numericas, existe una posible remediacion de este proceso, relocalizando los pozos situados en la ciudad de Oaxaca en las zonas de recarga (i. e. en las faldas de la Sierra de Juarez). Este escenario de remediacion permitiria una recuperacion en el nivel de la superficie potenciometrica.
Afecto, besos y condones: el ABC de las prácticas sexuales de las trabajadoras sexuales de la Ciudad de México Affection, kisses and condoms: the basics of sexual practices of female sex workers in Mexico City

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Betania Allen

2003-01-01

Full Text Available OBJETIVO: Describir las prácticas sexuales de las trabajadoras sexuales de la Ciudad de México y explorar qué significan para ellas. MATERIAL Y MÉTODOS: Se trata de un estudio de abordaje cualitativo y cuantitativo llevado a cabo, el primero, en 1992 y, el segundo, de 1991 a 1992. Una muestra representativa de trabajadoras sexuales (n=335 de un marco muestral respondió a un cuestionario y 52 de ellas participaron en seis grupos focales. Se calcularon frecuencias simples, medidas de tendencia central y de dispersión. Los datos cualitativos se interpretaron a la luz de la teoría fundamentada y la perspectiva feminista. RESULTADOS: Con clientes las trabajadoras sexuales aceptan la penetración vaginal y (menos la oral, mientras rechazan la penetración anal y los besos. Con parejas personales todas las prácticas sexuales son aceptadas. En su vida profesional las trabajadoras sexuales usan la disociación psico-corporal como una estrategia de defensa psicológica y para construir su identidad. Los servicios solicitados por el último cliente fueron: 98.4% vaginal, 39.1% oral, 7.7% anal y se reportó uso del condón con 94%. Con la pareja personal, 72.6% de las trabajadoras sexuales reportaron nunca usar el condón. La semana anterior al estudio las trabajadoras sexuales laboraron, en promedio, 3.7±1.5 días y tuvieron relaciones sexuales con 8.6 /±8.1 clientes. CONCLUSIONES: Es necesario diseñar intervenciones que promuevan el sexo seguro entre trabajadoras sexuales en sus vidas privadas y profesionales.OBJECTIVE: To describe and explore the meanings of sexual practices among female sex workers (FSW in Mexico City. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A qualitative and quantitative study was carried out. The qualitative approach was conducted in 1992 and the latter from 1991 to 1992. The study population was a representative sample of FSW (n=335 who completed a questionnaire; 52 of them also participated in six focal groups. Simple frequencies, central
Meksyk nawiedzony przez historię ("Las paredes hablan" Carmen Boullosy)

OpenAIRE

Gryglaszewska. Anna

2018-01-01

Anna Gryglaszewska in the article Mexico haunted by history (“Las paredes hablan” by Carmen Boullosa) offers an analysis of historiographical meta-novel written by a contemporary Latin American writer. Carmen Boullosa, using the theme of haunting of the present by the past, returns to some dramatic events in the history of her homeland which had a huge impact on the lives of many generations of her compatriots. The beginning of the Mexican’s war for the independence from Spain and the bloody ...
Incidencia de las leucemias agudas en niños de la ciudad de México, de 1982 a 1991 Incidence of acute leukemia in children of Mexico City; 1982 to 1991

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Juan Manuel Mejía-Aranguré

2000-09-01

Full Text Available OBJETIVO: Medir la tasa de incidencia de las leucemias agudas (LA en las diferentes delegaciones políticas del Distrito Federal y evaluar si existe una tendencia significativa en dichos padecimientos en tales delegaciones. MATERIAL Y MÉTODOS: Estudio longitudinal descriptivo realizado en seis hospitales de la ciudad de México, los que atienden a cerca de 97.5% de todos los niños con cáncer de esta ciudad. Los datos se capturaron de 1995 a 1996, y se analizaron en 1999, en el Hospital de Pediatría del Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXI, del Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social. Para cada delegación se calcularon la tasa de incidencia anual promedio, la tasa estandarizada y la razón estandarizada de morbilidad (REM con intervalos de confianza al 95% (IC 95%. La tendencia se evaluó con la tasa de cambio promedio. RESULTADOS: Se observó una tendencia al incremento en la incidencia de la leucemia aguda linfoblástica (LAL en cinco delegaciones: Alvaro Obregón, Cuauhtémoc, Gustavo A. Madero, Iztacalco y Venustiano Carranza. En la leucemia aguda mieloblástica (LAM no se notificaron cambios estadísticamente significativos en la incidencia en ninguna delegación política. Sólo con LAM se encontró una REM significativa y correspondió a la delegación Alvaro Obregón (REM= 2.91, IC 95% 1.63 - 4.80. Las REM más altas se encontraron en el sur y suroeste de la ciudad. CONCLUSIONES: Sólo se observó incremento en la incidencia de LAL en cinco delegaciones políticas. La incidencia más alta de LAM se encontró en la delegación Alvaro Obregón.OBJECTIVE: To measure the incidence rate and trend of acute leukemia (AL in political districts of Mexico City. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Descriptive longitudinal study conducted at six hospitals that care for nearly 97.5% of all cancer cases among children in Mexico City. Study data were collected in 1995 and 1996, and were analyzed in 1999, at the National Medical Center "Siglo XXI" Children's Hospital
Mortality trends and risk of dying from colorectal cancer in the seven socioeconomic regions of Mexico, 2000-2012

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

J.J. Sánchez-Barriga

2017-07-01

Full Text Available Background: In Mexico, there has been an upward trend in mortality rates from colorectal cancer (CRC over the past three decades. This tumor is ranked among the ten most prevalent causes of morbidity from malignancies in Mexico. Aims: To determine the mortality trends by socioeconomic region and by state, and to establish the relative risk between both educational level and socioeconomic region with mortality from CRC within the time frame of 2000-2012. Materials and methods: Records of mortality associated with colorectal cancer were obtained. Rates of mortality by state and by socioeconomic region were calculated, along with the strength of association (obtained through the Poisson regression between both socioeconomic region and educational level and the mortality from CRC. Results: A total of 45,487 individuals died from CRC in Mexico from 2000 to 2012. Age-adjusted mortality rates per 100,000 inhabitants increased from 3.9 to 4.8. Baja California, Baja California Sur, and Sonora had the highest mortality from CRC. Individuals with no school or incomplete elementary school had a higher risk of dying from this cancer (RR of 3.57, 95% CI: 3.46-3.68. Region 7 had the strongest association with mortality from CRC (Mexico City: RR was 2.84, 95% CI: 2.39-3.37 [2000] and 3.32, 95% CI: 2.89-3.82 [2012]. Conclusions: In Mexico, the age-adjusted mortality rates per 100,000 inhabitants that died from CRC increased from 3.9 to 4.8 in the study period, using the world population age distribution as the standard. Baja California, Baja California Sur, and Sonora had the highest mortality from CRC. Mexico City, which was socioeconomic region 7, had the strongest association with mortality from CRC. Resumen: Introducción: En México ha habido una tendencia al alza en las tasas de mortalidad por cáncer colorrectal (CCR en las últimas 3 décadas. Esta neoplasia está clasificada dentro de las 10 causas más frecuentes de morbilidad por neoplasias malignas
1996 Central New Mexico Section [American Chemical Society] annual report

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Cournoyer, M.E. [Los Alamos National Lab., NM (United States). Chemistry Science and Technology Div.

1997-02-07

The main goal of the Central New Mexico Section this year was to increase attendance at the local meetings. Throughout the course of the year attendance at the meeting more than doubled. This was brought on by several factors: having the meeting spread throughout the section (Albuquerque, Santa Fe, Las Vegas, Socorro, Los Alamos); supplementing the ACS National Tour speakers with interesting local sections speakers; and making full use of the newly formed Public Relations Committee. Activities during 1996 are summarized.
About the need of controlling the nitrogen oxides to reduce the formation of ozone in the metropolitan zone of Mexico city; Acerca de la necesidad de controlar las emisiones de oxidos de nitrogeno para reducir la formacion de ozono en la zona metropolitana de la ciudad de Mexico

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Torijano, E. F.; Vazquez, A. [Universidad Autonoma Metropolitana, Unidad Iztapalapa, Departamento de Ingenieria de Procesos e Hidraulica, Mexico, D. F. (Mexico)

1995-12-31

The results obtained through the application of an air quality model: AQUAMI for the Metropolitan Area of Mexico City, are presented. The model requires of a photochemical mechanism and the information regarding the total amount of nitrogen oxides and hydrocarbons emitted to the air during that time. In this way the maximum concentrations of ozone that can be reached for the possible ratios of hydrocarbons and nitrogen oxides are obtained. The results are plotted and with them it can be determined that if the nitrogen oxide emission can be diminished, this will impact directly on the ozone emission. Furthermore, the evolution of another product derived of the presence of nitrogen oxides, the peroxiacil nitrate, which is irritant to the respiratory mucosa and to the eyes, is also presented. Through this simulation model the impact derived of the actions aimed at reducing the formation of nitrogen oxides and the release of hydrocarbons at the level of the formed ozone by the sunlight effect. With this basis the ecological impact of the actions such as the following, can be discussed: -improve the combustion process in all thermal equipment. -improve the quality of the fossil fuels utilized. -slightly modify the operational habits in the industrial sector trying that the intensive use of fuels be displaced towards the evening and night hours, when the sunlight incidence is less or null. [Espanol] Se presentan los resultados obtenidos mediante la aplicacion de un modelo de calidad del aire: AQUAMI, para las condiciones de la zona metropolitana de la ciudad de Mexico. El modelo requiere de un mecanismo fotoquimico y de informacion concerniente a la cantidad total emitida de oxidos de nitrogeno e hidrocarburos, para un periodo especificado, asi como de la forma en que estos compuestos son emitidos a la atmosfera durante ese lapso. Se obtienen asi las concentraciones maximas que puede alcanzar el ozono para las posibles razones de hidrocarburos y oxidos de nitrogeno. Los

About the need of controlling the nitrogen oxides to reduce the formation of ozone in the metropolitan zone of Mexico city; Acerca de la necesidad de controlar las emisiones de oxidos de nitrogeno para reducir la formacion de ozono en la zona metropolitana de la ciudad de Mexico

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Torijano, E F; Vazquez, A [Universidad Autonoma Metropolitana, Unidad Iztapalapa, Departamento de Ingenieria de Procesos e Hidraulica, Mexico, D. F. (Mexico)

1996-12-31

The results obtained through the application of an air quality model: AQUAMI for the Metropolitan Area of Mexico City, are presented. The model requires of a photochemical mechanism and the information regarding the total amount of nitrogen oxides and hydrocarbons emitted to the air during that time. In this way the maximum concentrations of ozone that can be reached for the possible ratios of hydrocarbons and nitrogen oxides are obtained. The results are plotted and with them it can be determined that if the nitrogen oxide emission can be diminished, this will impact directly on the ozone emission. Furthermore, the evolution of another product derived of the presence of nitrogen oxides, the peroxiacil nitrate, which is irritant to the respiratory mucosa and to the eyes, is also presented. Through this simulation model the impact derived of the actions aimed at reducing the formation of nitrogen oxides and the release of hydrocarbons at the level of the formed ozone by the sunlight effect. With this basis the ecological impact of the actions such as the following, can be discussed: -improve the combustion process in all thermal equipment. -improve the quality of the fossil fuels utilized. -slightly modify the operational habits in the industrial sector trying that the intensive use of fuels be displaced towards the evening and night hours, when the sunlight incidence is less or null. [Espanol] Se presentan los resultados obtenidos mediante la aplicacion de un modelo de calidad del aire: AQUAMI, para las condiciones de la zona metropolitana de la ciudad de Mexico. El modelo requiere de un mecanismo fotoquimico y de informacion concerniente a la cantidad total emitida de oxidos de nitrogeno e hidrocarburos, para un periodo especificado, asi como de la forma en que estos compuestos son emitidos a la atmosfera durante ese lapso. Se obtienen asi las concentraciones maximas que puede alcanzar el ozono para las posibles razones de hidrocarburos y oxidos de nitrogeno. Los
Energy use and production, demography and the world-market oil price-influencing twenty years of economic performance and environment degradation in Mexico

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Lopez Lemus, Luis Gerardo [SUNY College of Environmental Science & Forestry (United States)

1997-07-01

I present a compilation of data describing Mexico's economic performance as it relates to demographic and natural resource characteristics. Statistical correlations suggest that long term economic output and energy efficiency are influenced mostly by human population numbers and fuel consumption rate, although its fluctuations have been clearly driven by those of the world-market oil price throughout 1970-90. Neither energy production, agricultural yield, OPEC's oil price or forest coverage appeared important in determining Mexican GDP response for this 20-year period. Significant relations of these fluctuations were found also in the rates of deforestation, air pollution and agricultural production, being all of these variables seemingly independent of the intrinsic human population growth rate. I discuss how Mexico could bridge the GDP gap with its current Nafta partners from this system-energy perspective. [Spanish] Presento una coleccion de datos que describen el comportamiento de la economia de Mexico relacionado con las caracteristicas demograficas y de sus recursos naturales. Las correlaciones estadisticas sugieren que la produccion economica a largo plazo y la eficiencia de la energia estan influenciadas principalmente por las cifras de poblacion humana y por el regimen de consumo de combustible, si bien sus fluctuaciones han sido claramente impulsadas por los precios del petroleo en mercado mundial a traves de 1970 a 1990. Ni la produccion de energia, el rendimiento agricola, el precio del petroleo de OPEC o la extension de los bosques resultaron importantes en la determinacion de la respuesta del PIB de Mexico para este periodo de 20 anos. Se encontraron relaciones significativas de estas fluctuaciones tambien en los regimenes de deforestacion, contaminacion del aire y produccion agricola, siendo todas esta variables de forma similar independientes de regimen intrinseco del crecimiento de la poblacion humana. Analizo como podria Mexico salvar la
DISTRIBUCION Y UTILIDAD DE LOS Abies EN MEXICO

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Ma. Engracia Hernández

2017-05-01

Full Text Available El presente trabajo trata sobre la distribución geogrifica de los abetos u oyameles en Mexico, para lo cual se cartografiaron los sitios de colecta reportados en tres de los principales herbarios del Distrito Federal. Se relacionó la carta de distribución de la planta con cartas de temperatura y precipitación, encontrandose que los oyameles están estrechamente relacionados con la altitud y se localizan tanto en zonas semifrías como en templadas, con precipitaciones del orden de 800 a 1 200 mm, en las cuales los valores del índice de humedad de Lang (P/T se encuentran entre 66.7 y 83.3. También se determinó que las funciones básicas de este género son principalmente de control de erosión y conservación ecológica, ademas de poseer un alto potencial económico.
Texas-Mexico multimodal transportation: developments in Mexico

Science.gov (United States)

Boske, Leigh B.

1994-03-01

This presentation highlights the results of a recently completed study that examines the Texas- Mexico multimodal transport system already in place, current plans for improvements or expansion, and opportunities and constraints faced by each transport mode -- motor carriage, rail, maritime, and air. Particular emphasis is given to findings regarding transportation developments in Mexico. The study concludes that in Mexico, all modes are working at establishing new services and strategic alliances, intermodal arrangements are on the rise, and private-sector participation in infrastructure improvements is growing daily at Mexican seaports and airports as well as within that nation's highway and rail systems. This presentation looks at developments that concern privatization, deregulation, infrastructure improvements, financing arrangements, and new services in Mexico.
September 1985 Mexico City, Mexico Images

Data.gov (United States)

National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Department of Commerce — The magnitude 8.1 earthquake occurred off the Pacific coast of Mexico. The damage was concentrated in a 25 square km area of Mexico City, 350 km from the epicenter....
Neoproterozoic diamictite-cap carbonate succession and δ13C chemostratigraphy from eastern Sonora, Mexico

Science.gov (United States)

Corsetti, Frank A.; Stewart, John H.; Hagadorn, James W.

2007-01-01

Despite the occurrence of Neoproterozoic strata throughout the southwestern U.S. and Sonora, Mexico, glacial units overlain by enigmatic cap carbonates have not been well-documented south of Death Valley, California. Here, we describe in detail the first glaciogenic diamictite and cap carbonate succession from Mexico, found in the Cerro Las Bolas Group. The diamictite is exposed near Sahuaripa, Sonora, and is overlain by a 5 m thick very finely-laminated dolostone with soft sediment folds. Carbon isotopic chemostratigraphy of the finely-laminated dolostone reveals a negative δ13C anomaly (down to − 3.2‰ PDB) characteristic of cap carbonates worldwide. Carbon isotopic values rise to + 10‰ across ∼ 400 m of section in overlying carbonates of the Mina el Mezquite and Monteso Formations. The pattern recorded here is mostly characteristic of post-Sturtian (ca. ≤ 700 Ma), but pre-Marinoan (ca. ≥ 635 Ma) time. However, the Cerro Las Bolas Group shares ambiguity common to most Neoproterozoic successions: it lacks useful radiometric age constraints and biostratigraphically useful fossils, and its δ13C signature is oscillatory and therefore somewhat equivocal.
Origin and evolution of geothermal fluids from Las Tres Vírgenes and Cerro Prieto fields, Mexico – Co-genetic volcanic activity and paleoclimatic constraints

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Birkle, Peter; Marín, Enrique Portugal; Pinti, Daniele L.; Castro, M. Clara

2016-01-01

Major and trace elements, noble gases, and stable (δD, δ 18 O) and cosmogenic ( 3 H, 14 C) isotopes were measured from geothermal fluids in two adjacent geothermal areas in NW-Mexico, Las Tres Vírgenes (LTV) and Cerro Prieto (CP). The goal is to trace the origin of reservoir fluids and to place paleoclimate and structural-volcanic constraints in the region. Measured 3 He/ 4 He (R) ratios normalized to the atmospheric value (R a = 1.386 × 10 −6 ) vary between 2.73 and 4.77 and are compatible with mixing between a mantle component varying between 42 and 77% of mantle helium and a crustal, radiogenic He component with contributions varying between 23% and 58%. Apparent U–Th/ 4 He ages for CP fluids (0.7–7 Ma) suggest the presence of a sustained 4 He flux from a granitic basement or from mixing with connate brines, deposited during the Colorado River delta formation (1.5–3 Ma). Radiogenic in situ 4 He production age modeling at LTV, combined with the presence of radiogenic carbon (1.89 ± 0.11 pmC – 35.61 ± 0.28 pmC) and the absence of tritium strongly suggest the Quaternary infiltration of meteoric water into the LTV geothermal reservoir, ranging between 4 and 31 ka BP. The present geochemical heterogeneity of LTV fluids can be reconstructed by mixing Late Pleistocene – Early Holocene meteoric water (58–75%) with a fossil seawater component (25–42%), as evidenced by Br/Cl and stable isotope trends. CP geothermal water is composed of infiltrated Colorado River water with a minor impact by halite dissolution, whereas a vapor-dominated sample is composed of Colorado River water and vapor from deeper levels. δD values for the LTV meteoric end-member, which are 20‰–44‰ depleted with respect to present-day precipitation, as well as calculated annual paleotemperatures 6.9–13.6 °C lower than present average temperatures in Baja California point to the presence of humid and cooler climatic conditions in the Baja California peninsula
Planktonic Cyanobacteria of the tropical karstic lake Lagartos from the Yucatan Peninsula, Mexico Las cianobacterias planctónicas del lago tropical cárstico Lagartos de la Península de Yucatán, México

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Francisco Valadez

2013-06-01

Full Text Available The tropical karstic lakes on the Mexican Caribbean Sea coast are numerous. However, there is an enormous gap of knowledge about their limnological conditions and micro-algae communities. In the present study, surface water samples were collected monthly from November 2007 to September 2008 to provide taxonomical composition and biovolume of planktonic cyanobacteria of the lake Lagartos from State of Quintana Roo, Mexico. Water temperature, pH, conductivity, salinity, soluble reactive phosphorus (SRP, dissolved inorganic nitrogen (DIN, and soluble reactive silica (SRSi levels were also analyzed. A total of 22 species were identified. Chroococcales and Oscillatoriales dominated the phytoplankton assemblages during the study period. Chroococcus pulcherrimus, Coelosphaerium confertum, Cyanodyction iac, Phormidium pachydermaticum and Planktolyngbya contorta were recorded for the first time in Mexico. A surplus of DIN (mean value of 42.7µM and low concentrations of SRP (mean value of 1.0µM promoted the enhanced growth and bloom formation of cyanobacteria. The mean biovolume was 3.22X10(8µm³/mL, and two biovolume peaks were observed; the first was dominated by Microcystis panniformis in November 2007 (7.40X10(8µm³/mL, and the second was dominated by Oscillatoria princeps in April 2008 (6.55X10(8µm³/mL. Water quality data, nitrates enrichment, and trophic state based on biovolume, indicated that Lagartos is a hyposaline, secondarily phosphorus-limited, and eutrophic lake, where the cyanobacteria flora was composed mainly by non-heterocystous groups.Los lagos cársticos tropicales en la costa del Caribe mexicano son numerosos. Sin embargo, existe un enorme desconocimiento acerca de sus condiciones limnológicas y de las comunidades de microalgas que se desarrollan en ellos. El objetivo del presente estudio fue estudiar las condiciones limnológicas en las que crecen las poblaciones de cianobacterias planctónicas del lago Lagartos, Quintana Roo
Powering Mexico

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Anon.

1992-01-01

This article examines Mexico's demand for electricity and the market for independent power generation. The topics discussed in the article include the outlook for the 1990s for growth in Mexico's economy and energy demand, renewable energy, energy conservation, small-scale, off-grid renewable energy systems, and estimates of Mexico's market for electric power generating equipment
The installation IGCC power plans in the petroleum refinement: international experiences and lessons for Mexico; La instalacion de plantas IGCC en la refinacion de petroleo: experiencias internacionales y lecciones para Mexico

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Hernandez, Joel [Ecole du Petrole et des Moteurs, Institut Franzais du Petrole, (France)

2004-06-15

In this work, are presented the technical and economic elements of the international experience for the installation of IGCC power plants in the petroleum refinement and the lessons for Mexico in the installation of this technology in PEMEX Refinacion are analyzed. The construction of IGCC power plants in the petroleum refinement has grown 14.3 % at worldwide level as of 1996, in which there was already an installed capacity of 160 MW. At the end of 2003 an installed capacity of 2,500 MW was reached. The growth in the installation of IGCC power plants fundamentally appears in Europe, being Italy and Spain leader countries in the construction of this technology in the petroleum refinement. However, countries like Holland, Japan, Singapore and the United States count on IGCC power plants for electricity and hydrogen generation, which take advantage of low value fuels such as vacuum tower residues, petroleum coke, asphalt, liquid fuels, among others. In Mexico, the installation IGCC power plants in the petroleum refinement is null, nevertheless Petroleos Mexicanos counts with the approval of the government for the installation of cogeneration power plants in its facilities. This approval would allow PEMEX to carry out projects for the installation IGCC power plants, specifically in PEMEX Refinacion, for the generation of electricity and hydrogen from the advantage of heavy residues of low economic value. The opportunity that the installation IGCC power plants in the petroleum refinement offers is directed towards the commercialization of the electricity and hydrogen, which would impel PEMEX Refinacion to enter the competition of the electrical market in Mexico. [Spanish] En este trabajo, se presentan los elementos tecnicos y economicos de la experiencia internacional para la instalacion de plantas IGCC en la refinacion de petroleo y se analizan las lecciones para Mexico en la instalacion de esta tecnologia en PEMEX Refinacion. La construccion de plantas IGCC en la
Climate change scenarios of extreme temperatures and atmospheric humidity for Mexico

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Tejeda-Martinez, A. [Departamento de Ciencias Atmosfericas, Universidad Veracruzana, Xalapa, Veracruz (Mexico)]. E-mail: atejeda@uv.mx; Conde-Alvarez, C. [Centro de Ciencias de la Atmosfera, Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico, Mexico, D.F. (Mexico); Valencia-Treviso, L.E. [Departamento de Ciencias Atmosfericas, Universidad Veracruzana, Xalapa, Veracruz (Mexico)

2008-10-15

The following study explores climatic change scenarios of extreme temperature and atmospheric humidity for the 2020 and 2050 decades. They were created for Mexico through the GFDLR30, ECHAM4 and HadCM2 general circulation models. Base scenario conditions were associated with the normal climatological conditions for the period 1961-1990, with a database of 50 surface observatories. It was necessary to empirically estimate the missing data in approximately half of the pressure measurements. For the period 1961-1990, statistical models of the monthly means of maximum and minimum temperatures and atmospheric humidity (relative and specific) were obtained from the observed data of temperature, solar radiation and precipitation. Based on the simulations of the GFDLR30, ECHAM4 and HADCM2 models, a future scenario of monthly means of maximum and minimum temperatures and humidity in climatic change conditions was created. The results shown are for the representative months of winter (January) and summer (July). [Spanish] En este articulo se presentan escenarios de cambio climatico referidos a temperaturas extremas y humedad atmosferica para las decadas de 2020 y 2050. Fueron generados para Mexico a partir de los modelos de circulacion general GFDLR30, ECHAM4 y HADCM2. El escenario base corresponde a las normales climatologicas del periodo 1961-1990 para 50 observatorios de superficie. Para la mitad de ellos fue necesario estimar empiricamente la presion atmosferica a partir de la altitud y para la totalidad se obtuvieron modelos estadisticos de los promedios mensuales de temperaturas maxima y minima asi como de humedad atmosferica (relativa y especifica). Esos modelos estadisticos, combinados con las salidas de los modelos de circulacion general mencionados, produjeron escenarios futuros de medias mensuales de temperaturas extremas y de humedad bajo condiciones de cambio climatico. Se mostraran los resultados para un mes representativo del invierno (enero) y otro del verano
On the usefulness of atmospheric measurements for air quality evaluation in the context of recent urban meteorology findings in Mexico City

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Cruz Nunez, X.; Jazcilevich Diamant, A. [Centro de Ciencias de la Atmosfera, Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico, Mexico, D.F. (Mexico)]. E-mail: xochitl@atmosfera.unam.mx

2007-10-15

In many cities, the main tool used to assess pollution abatement policies is the air quality information obtained from local monitoring network. However, in the context of a complex meteorology and land use such as those prevailing in Mexico City, the point-wise character and lack of detailed chemistry of this information may confer conflictive or biased information. The approach to understand the problem could be not based on solid ground. It is not until the measurement effort is complemented with detailed meteorological and air quality modeling that proper use of the information can be assured. In order to provide an example of this assertion, the usefulness of measured air quality data is gauged in a simplified manner, constructing three dimensional graphs containing local emission concentrations of nitrogen oxides (NO{sub x}), volatile organic compounds (VOC) and maximum ozone (O{sub 3}) concentrations, that we call ozone isopleths, for three sites in Mexico City. Together with corresponding wind rose data, an interpretation of the air pollution transport in the Valley of Mexico using only measured data is attempted. This interpretation, based on measured information subject to local influences, is compared with recent air quality modeling results showing that when measured data is used in conjunction with air quality modeling a better interpretation of air pollution problem can be obtained. A correct strategy to study the air quality problem, especially in the case of Mexico City where complex meteorology and land use is present, should be that both endeavors, measuring and modeling, are pursued with equal vigor. [Spanish] En muchas ciudades la herramienta principal en la evaluacion de las politicas para el control de la contaminacion es la informacion de calidad del aire proveniente de las redes locales de mediciones. Sin embargo, en el contexto de una meteorologia compleja y el uso de suelo de la Ciudad de Mexico, el caracter puntual y la carencia de
Alternative Pathways out of Rural Poverty in Mexico

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Darcy Victor Tetreault

2010-04-01

Full Text Available This paper critically analyses the three pathways out of rural poverty proposed by the World Bank in its 2008 World Development report (farming, labour and migration, with the following questions in mind: Has there been a reduction in the incidence of income poverty in rural Mexico during the neoliberal era and, if so, what are the main contributing factors? Is labour migration (national and international the best pathway out of poverty, taking into consideration the labour conditions faced by rural migrants? To what extent does fair trade and organic production represent a pathway out of poverty for Mexico’s peasantry? Should the Mexican government (and Mexico’s trading partners pursue policies that would make farming a more viable alternative for Mexico’s rural poor? If so, what would these policies be? With regards to these last two questions, this paper highlights the proposals of independent peasant organizations, in particular the ones associated with the movement ‘sin maíz no hay país’. It is argued that these proposals point towards an alternative pathway out of rural poverty, one that creates favourable conditions for small-scale farming in Mexico. Resumen: Rutas alternativas para salir de la pobreza rural en MéxicoEn este artículo se analizan las tres vías para salir de la pobreza rural propuestas por el Banco Mundial en su informe Desarrollo Mundial 2008 (agricultura, trabajo y emigración, con las siguientes preguntas en mente: ¿Ha habido una reducción en la incidencia de pobreza de ingresos en el México rural durante la era neoliberal y, si fuese el caso, cuáles fueron los principales factores que contribuyeron a ello? ¿Es la emigración laboral la mejor vía para salir de la pobreza, tomando en cuenta las condiciones laborales a las que deben adaptarse los emigrantes de zonas rurales? ¿En qué medida representan el comercio justo y la producción orgánica una vía de salida de la pobreza para el campesinado
Cogeneration development in Mexico and its recent environmental impact; Desarrollo de la cogeneracion en Mexico y su reciente impacto ambiental

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Elizalde Baltierra, Alberto; Garcia Pelaez, Juan [Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico, Mexico, D. F. (Mexico)

1996-12-31

This paper presents the historical development of the electric auto supply systems and cogeneration in Mexico since 1942 to 1995 with the understanding that these are clearly differentiated and defined since 1992. Though it is not, but until 1994 when the first ex profeso permit for cogeneration was granted. It also develops a short prospective vision of the cogeneration in our country, as well as the fuel consumption employed by auto- supply systems during 1993. The pollution emissions to the environment are also analyzed and with it the environmental impact of these electric systems in this year. [Espanol] Se presenta el desarrollo historico de los sistemas de autoabastecimiento electrico y cogeneracion en Mexico desde 1942 a 1995, en el entendido que estos se diferencian y definen claramente desde 1992. Es, sin embargo, hasta 1994 cuando se otorgo el primer permiso ex profeso de cogeneracion. Se desarrolla, ademas, una breve vision prospectiva de la cogeneracion en nuestro pais. Asimismo, se analiza el consumo de combustibles empleados por los sistemas de autoabastecimiento en 1993. Se estiman las emisiones contaminantes a la atmosfera y con ello se valora el impacto ambiental de estos sistemas electricos en ese ano.
Cogeneration development in Mexico and its recent environmental impact; Desarrollo de la cogeneracion en Mexico y su reciente impacto ambiental

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Elizalde Baltierra, Alberto; Garcia Pelaez, Juan [Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico, Mexico, D. F. (Mexico)

1997-12-31

This paper presents the historical development of the electric auto supply systems and cogeneration in Mexico since 1942 to 1995 with the understanding that these are clearly differentiated and defined since 1992. Though it is not, but until 1994 when the first ex profeso permit for cogeneration was granted. It also develops a short prospective vision of the cogeneration in our country, as well as the fuel consumption employed by auto- supply systems during 1993. The pollution emissions to the environment are also analyzed and with it the environmental impact of these electric systems in this year. [Espanol] Se presenta el desarrollo historico de los sistemas de autoabastecimiento electrico y cogeneracion en Mexico desde 1942 a 1995, en el entendido que estos se diferencian y definen claramente desde 1992. Es, sin embargo, hasta 1994 cuando se otorgo el primer permiso ex profeso de cogeneracion. Se desarrolla, ademas, una breve vision prospectiva de la cogeneracion en nuestro pais. Asimismo, se analiza el consumo de combustibles empleados por los sistemas de autoabastecimiento en 1993. Se estiman las emisiones contaminantes a la atmosfera y con ello se valora el impacto ambiental de estos sistemas electricos en ese ano.
Smokers' reactions to cigarette package warnings with graphic imagery and with only text: a comparison between Mexico and Canada Reacciones de los fumadores a las advertencias en la cajetilla de cigarrillos con imágenes gráficas o sólo con textos: una comparación entre México y Canadá

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

James F Thrasher

2007-01-01

Full Text Available OBJECTIVE: This comparison of population-based representative samples of adult smokers in Canada (n=1 751 and Mexico (n=1 081 aimed to determine whether cigarette packages with graphic warning labels in Canada had a stronger impact than the text-only warning labels in Mexico. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Bivariate and multivariate adjusted models were used in this study. Results. Canadian smokers reported higher warning label salience (i.e., noticing labels & processing label messages than Mexican smokers, and warning label salience independently predicted intention to quit. Moreover, Canadians had higher levels of knowledge about smoking-related health outcomes that were included as content on Canadian, but not Mexican, warning labels. Finally, a majority of Mexican smokers want their cigarette packs to contain more information than they currently contain. DISCUSSION: These results are consistent with other studies that indicate that cigarette packages whose warning labels contain prominent graphic imagery are more likely than text-only warning labels to promote smoking-related knowledge and smoking cessation.OBJETIVO: Esta comparación basada en muestras representativas de la población de fumadores adultos de Canadá (n = 1 751 y México (n = 1 081 pretendió determinar si las cajetillas de cigarrillos con leyendas de advertencia que contienen imágenes gráficas en Canadá tuvieron un impacto más acentuado que las leyendas mexicanas que se basan sólo en textos. MATERIAL Y MÉTODOS: En el presente estudio se usaron modelos bivariados y multivariados. Resultados. Los fumadores canadienses respondieron mucho mejor a las advertencias de la etiqueta (es decir, atención que prestaban a los anuncios de las etiquetas y comprensión del mensaje que los fumadores mexicanos y fueron influidos por las características de las advertencias independientemente de la intención previa que tuvieran de abandonar el hábito. Más aún, los canadienses tienen
Mexico´s long revolutions

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Petri Minkkinen

2011-06-01

Full Text Available México celebraba en el año 2010 el Bicentenario del empiezo de sus luchas de independencia y el Centenario de la Revolución Mexicana de 1910. Lo que no se celebra oficialmente es el proceso revolucionario contemporáneo, aunque sus ciertas fases han incluido entusiasmo por parte de diferentes actores sociales. En este artículo les ofrezco un análisis histórico de estos procesos revolucionarios como tres largas revoluciones de México. Además de eso, las explicaré dentro de un contexto histórico más amplio la transición desde un contexto histórico amplio eurocéntrico hacia un contexto histórico amplio no-eurocéntrico, que podemos entender también como la Primera Verdadera Revolución Mundial (PVRM. Empiezo con la explicación de este contexto histórico amplio. Continúo con el análisis del proceso de independencia desde 1810 así como la Revolución Mexicana desde 1910. Adelanto con la explicación de la tercera larga revolución mexicana, para la cual he seleccionado como el año del empiezo el 1988 y las elecciones presidenciales. Otros posibles años del empiezo podrían ser la represión del movimiento estudiantil en 1968 y la rebelión neozapatista desde 1994. En manera de conclusión se analiza como las largas revoluciones mexicanas están conectadas a las transiciones en la esfera del contexto histórico amplio.Palabras clave: México, revolución, largas revoluciones, Primera Verdadera Revolución Mundial (PVEM___________________________Abstract:Mexico celebrated in 2010 the Bicentenary of the beginning of its struggles of independence and the Centenary of the Mexican Revolution of 1910. What is not celebrated officially is the contemporary revolutionary process though some of its phases have included enthusiasm for the part of different social actors. In this article I offer you a historical analysis of these revolutionary processes as Mexico’s three long revolutions. Besides that I will explain them within the
The application of the expert system Seilum for the energy assessment in the Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico (UNAM) illumination, phase 1: Acatlan; Aplicacion del sistema experto Seilum para la evaluacion energetica de la iluminacion en la UNAM, fase 1: Acatlan

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Kemper Valverde, Nicolas; Lara Rosano, Felipe; Sanchez Cifuentes, Augusto [Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico, Mexico, D. F. (Mexico)

1993-12-31

This paper analyses the characteristics of the expert system Seilum and its first validation after being employed to compare the energy audit of the illumination installations carried out at the Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico (UNAM)`s Acatlan Unit. In accordance with these results, the perspectives of its generalized application in the balance of the units is proposed, as well as in the small and medium size Mexican industry. [Espanol] En este trabajo se discuten las caracteristicas del sistema experto Seilum y su primera validacion luego de haber sido empleado para comparar la auditoria energetica de las instalaciones de iluminacion llevada a cabo en la unidad de acatlan de la Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico (UNAM). De acuerdo a estos resultados se plantean las perspectivas de su empleo generalizado en las demas unidades, asi como en la pequena y mediana industria mexicana.
The application of the expert system Seilum for the energy assessment in the Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico (UNAM) illumination, phase 1: Acatlan; Aplicacion del sistema experto Seilum para la evaluacion energetica de la iluminacion en la UNAM, fase 1: Acatlan

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Kemper Valverde, Nicolas; Lara Rosano, Felipe; Sanchez Cifuentes, Augusto [Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico, Mexico, D. F. (Mexico)

1992-12-31

This paper analyses the characteristics of the expert system Seilum and its first validation after being employed to compare the energy audit of the illumination installations carried out at the Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico (UNAM)`s Acatlan Unit. In accordance with these results, the perspectives of its generalized application in the balance of the units is proposed, as well as in the small and medium size Mexican industry. [Espanol] En este trabajo se discuten las caracteristicas del sistema experto Seilum y su primera validacion luego de haber sido empleado para comparar la auditoria energetica de las instalaciones de iluminacion llevada a cabo en la unidad de acatlan de la Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico (UNAM). De acuerdo a estos resultados se plantean las perspectivas de su empleo generalizado en las demas unidades, asi como en la pequena y mediana industria mexicana.
Regionalization and classification of bioclimatic zones in the central-northeastern region of Mexico using principal component analysis (PCA)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Pineda-Martinez, L.F.; Carbajal, N.; Medina-Roldan, E. [Instituto Potosino de Investigacion Cientifica y Tecnologica, A. C., San Luis Potosi (Mexico)]. E-mail: lpineda@ipicyt.edu.mx

2007-04-15

Applying principal component analysis (PCA), we determined climate zones in a topographic gradient in the central-northeastern part of Mexico. We employed nearly 30 years of monthly temperature and precipitation data at 173 meteorological stations. The climate classification was carried out applying the Koeppen system modified for the conditions of Mexico. PCA indicates a regionalization in agreement with topographic characteristics and vegetation. We describe the different bioclimatic zones, associated with typical vegetation, for each climate using geographical information systems (GIS). [Spanish] Utilizando un analisis de componentes principales, determinamos zonas climaticas en un gradiente topografico en la zona centro-noreste de Mexico. Se emplearon datos de precipitacion y temperatura medias mensuales por un periodo de 30 anos de 173 estaciones meteorologicas. La clasificacion del clima fue llevada a cabo de acuerdo con el sistema de Koeppen modificado para las condiciones de Mexico. El analisis de componentes principales indico una regionalizacion que concuerda con caracteristicas de topografia y vegetacion. Se describen zonas bioclimaticas, asociadas a vegetacion tipica para cada clima, usando sistemas de informacion geografica (SIG).

Recommendations of technical specifications for ethanol and its blends (E6) and the infrastructure for their management in Mexico; Recomendaciones de especificaciones tecnicas para el etanol y sus mezclas (E6) y la infraestructura para su manejo en Mexico

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2011-07-15

next few years in Mexico. [Spanish] Este documento describe la importancia y los beneficios del uso de la mezcla bioetanol-gasolina como sustituto de la gasolina pura. Presenta datos del mercado mundial de etanol, asi como de los principales productores, procesos involucrados para diferentes materias primas e indicadores de productividad. Discute las principales propiedades a ser monitoreadas en el etanol y la importancia de cada una. Tambien revisa el impacto de la adicion de etanol en las gasolinas automotrices y la influencian de cada propiedad en el funcionamiento de los automoviles y el medio ambiente. Presenta un diagnostico de las especificaciones internacionales del etanol anhidro usadas en los Estados Unidos, Brasil y la Union Europea, asi como sugerencias de armonizacion para los limites de los principales parametros y para las metodologias, a partir de estudios publicados recientemente (White Paper- Bioetahnol Task Force y Guidelines to Ethanol from Worldwide Fuel Charter Committee). Incluye la especificacion de las gasolinas brasilenas, adicionadas con un 25% de etanol (E25). Sugiere una especificacion de etanol anhidro, asi como una especificacion para mezclas gasolina/etanol E6 para su implementacion en Mexico. Presenta una priorizacion de los metodos de prueba de laboratorio para el etanol y la gasolina mezclada con etanol en tres categorias, indicando las pruebas mas adecuadas para ser usados en diferentes puntos de la cadena de distribucion de los productos. Discute el impacto del etanol en las instalaciones de distribucion de los combustibles, acciones para el control de posibles problemas, seleccion de materiales y equipamiento, presenta procedimientos de seguridad y el proceso de mezcla gasolina/etanol. Describe tambien el sistema brasileno de produccion/distribucion de combustibles y la experiencia de este pais en el control de calidad de los combustibles a partir de la legislacion vigente. Se incluye un cuadro con los principales equipos, sus
Distribución de las mariposas diurnas (Lepidoptera: Hesperioidea y Papilionoidea del Estado de México, México

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Claudia Hernández-Mejía

2008-09-01

Full Text Available El Estado de México posee características geográfico-ecológicas que lo hacen una región de gran diversidad biológica; respecto a Hesperioidea y Papilionoidea posee el 15% de las especies registradas para México, del cual el 17% son endémicas para el país. Con base en la información bibliográfica y la consulta de la base de datos del Museo de Zoología de la Facultad de Ciencias, UNAM, se integró la lista de las dos superfamilias para el Estado de México; esta se compone de seis familias, 22 subfamilias, 197 géneros y 325 especies (95 Hesperiidae, 19 Papilionidae, 35 Pieridae, 54 Lycaenidae, 20 Riodinidae y 102 Nymphalidae. De cada especie se anexó la lista de localidades de recolecta, vuelo, la colección donde están depositados los ejemplares, o la cita de la cual se tomó el dato.Distribution of butterflies (Lepidoptera: Hesperioidea and Papilionoidea from Mexico State, Mexico. The State of Mexico is a region with great biological diversity, owing to its geographical and ecological features. Regarding Hesperioidea and Papilionoidea, 15 % of the Mexican species are recorded in the State of Mexico, 17 % of which are endemic to the country. A checklist of the two superfamilies for the State of Mexico was integrated, based on published literature and databases at the Museo de Zoología of the Facultad de Ciencias, UNAM. The checklist is composed by six families, 22 subfamilies, 197 genera and 325 species (95 Hesperiidae, 19 Papilionidae, 35 Pieridae, 54 Lycaenidae, 20 Riodinidae, and 102 Nymphalidae. A list of each species is presented, including collecting localities, flight month, and whether data correspond to scientific collection records or literature. Rev. Biol. Trop. 56 (3: 1309-1341. Epub 2008 September 30.
Lacunarity of geophysical well logs in the Cantarell oil field, Gulf of Mexico

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Arizabalo, Ruben Dario [Instituto Mexicano del Petroleo, Mexico, D.F. (Mexico); Oleschko, Klavdia [Centro de Geociencias, Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico, Juriquilla, Queretaro (Mexico); Korvin, Gabor [King Fahd University, Dhahran (Saudi Arabia); Lozada, Manuel [Instituto Mexicano del Petroleo, Mexico, D.F. (Mexico); Castrejon, Ricardo [Facultad de Ingenieria, Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico, Mexico, D.F. (Mexico); Ronquillo, Gerardo [Instituto Mexicano del Petroleo, Mexico, D.F. (Mexico)

2006-04-15

Lacunarity and fractal variations in geophysical well logs are associated with stratigraphic and petrophysical properties of the naturally fractured Cantarell field in the Gulf of Mexico. Neutron porosity (NPHI), density (RHOB, DRHO, PEF), resistivity (LLD, LLS, MSFL), natural radioactivity (GR, CGR, URAN, POTA, THOR) and caliper (CALI) logs are studied. The resistivity logs yielded remarkably high lacunarity values, especially in the hydrocarbon source- and reservoir rocks. Lacunarity {delta} was found to depend on the resolution and radial depth of penetration of the logging method. It systematically increased in the following order: {delta}(RHOB) < {delta}(CALI) < {delta}(PEF) < {delta}(URAN) < {delta}(GR) < {delta}(NPHI) < {delta}(POTA) < {delta}(CGR) < {delta}(THOR) < {delta}(MSFL) < {delta}(DRHO) < {delta}(LLS) < {delta}(LLD). [Spanish] En este trabajo fueron analizadas las variaciones fractales y de lagunaridad de los registros geofisicos de pozo, con el fin de asociarlos con las propiedades estratigraficas y petrofisicas del yacimiento naturalmente fracturado de Cantarell, en el Golfo de Mexico. Los registros considerados fueron: porosidad neutron (NPHI), densidad (RHOB, DRHO, PEF), resistividad (LLD, LLS, MSFL), radiactividad natural (GR, CGR, URAN, POTA, THOR) y caliper (CALI). Los registros de resistividad produjeron valores de lagunaridad notablemente altos, especialmente en las rocas generadoras y almacenadoras, a diferencia de los demas registros, cuya homogeneidad de traza implico una baja lagunaridad. Los resultados indican que la lagunaridad observada depende de la resolucion y profundidad radial de penetracion del metodo geofisico estudiado y aumenta sistematicamente en el siguiente orden: {delta}(RHOB) < {delta}(CALI) < {delta}(PEF) < {delta}(URAN) < {delta}(GR) < {delta}(NPHI) < {delta}(POTA) < {delta}(CGR) < {delta}(THOR) < {delta}(MSFL) < {delta}(DRHO) < {delta}(LLS) < {delta}(LLD).
A new method of damage determination in geothermal wells from geothermal inflow with application to Los Humeros, Mexico

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Aragon, A [Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas, Cuernavaca, Morelos (Mexico); Moya, S. L [Centro Nacional de Investigacion y Desarrollo Tecnologico, Cuernavaca, Morelos (Mexico); Garcia-Gutierrez, A; Arellano, V [Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas, Cuernavaca, Morelos (Mexico)

2008-10-15

Geothermal inflow type curves were obtained for different values of well damage (i.e., inflow performance relationships). The method was evaluated by diagnosing the damage of thirteen producing wells in the Los Humeros, Puebla, Mexico geothermal field. Permeability determinations were carried out for these wells and their productivity indices were estimated. Comparison of the diagnoses made via damage effects against the results of field pressure tests showed that the maximum difference between both approaches is on the order of 0.7 damage units. The methodology allows reservoir characterization along its productive life, since several production tests are carried out while the reservoir is producing. The data obtained from production tests are used to determine the damage effect and permeability of the rock formation. Previously the damage (skin factor) could only be determined from the analyses of transient pressure tests. [Spanish] Se presenta la obtencion de curvas-tipo de influjo geotermico para diferentes valores de dano, y se demuestra su aplicacion en los analisis de produccion de pozos geotermicos determinando el dano en trece pozos del campo geotermico de Los Humeros, Puebla, Mexico. Tambien se hicieron determinaciones de la permeabilidad en las zonas de produccion de estos pozos y de sus respectivos indices de productividad. Se compararon los resultados del valor de dano obtenido con la metodologia propuesta, con los valores de dano obtenidos a partir de pruebas de presion, encontrando que las diferencias maximas entre ambas tecnicas es del orden de 0.7 unidades de dano. La presente metodologia permite la caracterizacion del yacimiento a lo largo de su vida productiva a partir de las mediciones de las pruebas de produccion efectuadas en los pozos. La metodologia propuesta es innovadora porque anteriormente el dano solamente se podia determinar a partir de los analisis de las mediciones de la pruebas de presion.
Proceedings of the 7 Annual conference of the Mexican association for the energy economy. The energy sector in Mexico: challenges and solutions. [Selected papers]; 7. Conferencia anual de la asociacion mexicana para la economia energetica. El sector energia en Mexico: retos y soluciones

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2004-07-01

The Mexican Association for the Energy Economy (AMEE) had its VII annual conference, The energy sector in Mexico: challenges and solutions, in October, 2004. Some of the expounded topics are: technical and environmental aspects of the combined cycle power stations; analysis of the generation of electric power across biogas from sanitary landfills in Mexico; cogeneration in large power plants; methodologies for the calculation of relative efficiency: description and application of natural gas distributors in Latin American and others. [Spanish] La Asociacion Mexicana para la Economia Energetica A. C. (AMEE), llevo acabo su VII conferencia anual El sector energia en Mexico: retos y soluciones, en octubre del 2004. Algunos de los temas tratados son: Aspectos tecnicos y medioambientales de las centrales de ciclo combinado con gasificacion integrada; Analisis de la generacion de energia electrica a traves de biogas procedente de rellenos sanitarios en Mexico; Cogeneracion en grandes centrales de proceso; Metodologias para el calculo de eficiencia relativa: descripcion y aplicacion para distribuidores de gas natural en Latinoamerica y otros.
La gubernamentalidad en lugares turísticos. Los casos de Christiania, Dinamarca, y San Cristóbal de las Casas, México

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Velázquez, Mario; Clausen, Helene Balslev

2016-01-01

The article analyzes conflicts over the use of place between a community and the State. We address two specific cases: Christiania in Copenhagen (Denmark) and San Cristobal de las Casas in Chiapas (Mexico) where significant social protests or cultural revolutions have taken place. In Christiania we...
Between the water and the oil. The Mexican and American transfrontier deposits; Entre el agua y el aceite. Los yacimientos transfronterizos de Mexico y Estados Unidos

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2007-07-15

In the Gulf of Mexico, there are hydrocarbon deposits shared between Mexico and United States, and divided for just one imaginary line at the sea. The exploitation should be done at the same time by both countries; therefore, it is going to be necessary on the whole the creation of a development strategy, despite the fact of the big existent differences among their respective normative frameworks, institutional design and industrial practices. [Spanish] En el Golfo de Mexico, existen yacimientos de hidrocarburos que comparten Mexico y Estados Unidos, divididos solo por una linea imaginaria en el mar. La explotacion debe ser llevada al unisono por ambos paises, por lo que muy pronto deberan crear una estrategia de desarrollo conjunto, pese a las grandes diferencias entre sus respectivos marcos normativos, disenos institucionales y practicas industriales.
Necesidades de salud en áreas urbanas marginadas de México Health needs in marginalized urban areas in Mexico

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Hortensia Reyes-Morales

2009-04-01

Full Text Available OBJETIVO: Evaluar las necesidades de salud de la población residente en áreas urbanas marginadas de México. MÉTODOS: Encuesta poblacional a familias residentes en colonias urbanas pobres de cinco regiones geográficas de México (Norte, Centro, Sur, Sureste y Ciudad de México, seleccionadas mediante un muestreo polietápico. Se realizaron entrevistas y mediciones antropométricas en sus domicilios a todos los integrantes de las familias seleccionadas y se analizaron las características de salud positiva, nutrición, salud reproductiva, daños a la salud y salud mental por grupos de análisis formados por edad y sexo. RESULTADOS: Participaron 24 707 personas. En los entrevistados se observó una baja escolaridad (6 años o menos y solo 46,8% tuvo cobertura de servicios de salud, ya fuera en instituciones públicas o privadas. De los niños, 19,8% presentaba desmedro y el sobrepeso predominó a partir de la adolescencia. En los adolescentes de 12 a 19 años, 15,7% tenía vida sexual activa, pero solo 57,7% de los hombres y 41,9% de las mujeres de ese grupo de edad usaban algún método anticonceptivo. De los adultos, 5,9% padecía diabetes y 11,5% hipertensión arterial. En la muestra de adolescentes, adultos y adultos mayores, el tabaquismo fue de 21,2%, el consumo de alcohol de 36,0%, el uso de drogas de 9,5% y la depresión de 20,2%. CONCLUSIONES: La vulnerabilidad sanitaria de las personas que viven en las áreas urbanas marginadas de México se manifiesta en la existencia de una población joven, con pocas redes de apoyo familiar y de servicios de salud, que sufre trastornos y enfermedades, como la desnutrición infantil, el alto riesgo reproductivo y las adicciones en adolescentes y adultos, producto del rezago en el desarrollo social. La prevalencia de enfermedades crónicas fue similar a la de la población mexicana no marginada.OBJECTIVE: To understand the health needs of the population living in Mexico's marginalized urban areas
Chemical Equilibrium and Mineral Saturation in Waters from Oil Wells of the Activo Luna Field, Tabasco, Mexico; Equilibrio quimico y grado de saturacion de minerales en aguas de pozos petroleros de Activo Luna, Tabasco, Mexico

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Barragan R, Rosa Maria; Arellano G, Victor M.; Portugal M, Enrique; Torres R, Vicente [Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas (Mexico); Torres Alvarado, Ignacio [Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico (Mexico); Ascencio C, Fernando; Martinez A; Ana E [Petroleos Mexicanos (Mexico)

2001-09-01

Chemical equilibrium of formation waters from seven oil wells of the Activo Luna field (Tabasco, Mexico) was modelled. Saturation indices of characteristic hydrothermal minerals were calculated at ambient and reservoir conditions in order to predict scaling potential of deep and surface installations. The salinity of waters was found to be in the range from 43,000 (well Escuintle 2) to 250,000 (well Lune 3B) mg/kg as total dissolved solids. The water samples were classified as sodium-chioride type. Ionic strength for the solutions was found to be between 0.75 and 6.5. Activity coefficients were estimated by virial (Pitzer equations) methods using the GEOCHEMIST WORKENCH (GWB) software. Minerals such as anhydrite, halite, alunite, fluorite and barite were found to be supersaturated at reservoir conditions. A solid scale sample obtained from well Luna-3B was analysed. Analysis indicate the presence of calcite, anhydrite, fluorite and sphalerite which suggest the occurrence of temperatures of at least 180 Celcius degrees with acidic conditions and high chemical corrosion potential. [Spanish] Se modelo el equilibrio quimico de aguas de formacion producidas por siete pozos petroleros pertenecientes al Activo Luna, en el estado de Tabasco, Mexico, se calcularon los indices de saturacion de minerales caracteristicos tanto en las condiciones ambiente como en las de yacimiento, con el proposito de apoyar el control de incrustaciones en las instalaciones superficiales y profundas. La salinidad de las salmueras se encontro en el rango de 43,000 (pozos Escuintle 2) a 250,000 (pozos Luna 3B) mg/kg de solidos disueltos totales y las muestras se clasificaron como del tipo clorurado-sodico. La fuerza ionica de las soluciones varia entre 0.75 y 6.5 molar, por lo que los coeficientes de actividad de la modelacion de equilibrio quimico se estimaron por metodos viriales empleando las ecuaciones de Pitzer mediante el programa GEOCHEMIST WORKBENCH (GWB). Minerales como anhidrita, halita
Impuestos para el control del tabaquismo: las experiencias de Brasil y México Taxation and tobacco control: the cases of Brazil and Mexico

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Belén Sáenz de Miera-Juárez

2010-01-01

Full Text Available Este trabajo pretende analizar los avances, obstáculos y retos en materia de impuestos a los cigarrillos en Brasil y México. En años recientes ambos países han incrementado estos impuestos y han incorporado alícuotas fijas, lo cual permite maximizar el efecto del aumento de los impuestos sobre los precios. Sin embargo, parece que estas medidas no se han aprovechado en toda su potencialidad. Tres recomendaciones surgen de estas experiencias: 1 las alícuotas fijas deben representar un porcentaje significativo del precio final; 2 deben ajustarse regularmente de acuerdo con la inflación acumulada; y 3 deben ajustarse para compensar el crecimiento del ingreso personal. También es importante que los impuestos a los sustitutos legales sean similares a los de los cigarrillos. En el caso de los sustitutos ilegales, la cuestión es reducir los incentivos y limitar la facilidad con que se realiza su distribución y venta. Adecuaciones en las legislaciones nacionales y cooperación internacional constituyen elementos clave para lograrlo.This study analyzes the achievements, obstacles and challenges related to cigarette taxes in Brazil and Mexico. Both countries have increased cigarette taxes in recent years and have included a specific tax, which allows maximizing the impact of tax increases on prices. However, it seems they have not taken full advantage of these measures. Three recommendations follow from these experiences: 1 specific taxes must represent a significant percentage of final prices; 2 specific taxes must be regularly adjusted to keep pace with cumulative inflation; and 3 specific taxes must be adjusted to compensate increases in personal income. It is also important to consider that taxes on legal substitutes of cigarettes must be similar to cigarette taxes. As for illegal substitutes, the issue is to reduce the incentives for illicit trade and to make illegal transactions more difficult. Modifications to national legislations and
Breast cancer mortality in mexico: an age-period-cohort analysis Mortalidad por cáncer de mama en méxico: un análisis de edad-periodo-cohorte

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Francisco Franco-Marina

2009-01-01

Full Text Available OBJECTIVE: To assess the age, period and cohort effects on breast cancer (BC mortality in Mexico. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Age, period and cohort curvature trends for BC mortality were estimated through the Poisson Regression model proposed by Holford. RESULTS: Nationally, BC death rates have leveled off since 1995 in most age groups. BC mortality trends are mainly determined by birth cohort and age effects in Mexico. Women born between 1940 and 1955 show the highest rate of increase in BC mortality. Women born afterwards still show an increasing trend but at a much lower rate. Mammography and adjuvant therapy have had a limited impact on mortality. Potential reasons for observed patterns are discussed. An increase in BC mortality in Mexico is expected in the following decades. CONCLUSIONS: Mammography screening programs and timely access to effective treatment should be a national priority to reverse the expected increasing BC mortality trend.OBJETIVO: Evaluar efectos de edad-periodo-cohorte en la mortalidad por cáncer de mama (CaMa en México. MATERIAL Y MÉTODOS: Las tendencias de los efectos de edad-periodo-cohorte fueron estimados mediante un modelo de regresión de Poisson propuesto por Holford. RESULTADOS: Las tasas de mortalidad por CaMa se han estabilizado en la mayoría de los grupos de edad desde 1995 y están determinadas principalmente por efectos de cohorte y edad. Las mujeres nacidas entre 1940 y 1955 muestran los mayores aumentos en la mortalidad en comparación con las nacidas después de este período. La mamografía y la terapia adyuvante han tenido un impacto limitado sobre la mortalidad. Se discuten posibles explicaciones de las tendencias observadas. En las siguientes décadas se espera continúe aumentando la mortalidad por CaMa. CONCLUSIONES: El acceso a mamografía y a tratamiento oportuno y efectivo debieran ser una prioridad para revertir la tendencia creciente esperada de la mortalidad por CM.
Superficial methane emissions from a landfill in Merida, Yucatan, Mexico; Emisiones superficiales de metano en un relleno sanitario en Merida, Yucatan, Mexico

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Sauri-Riancho, Maria Rosa [Universidad Autonoma de Yucatan, Yucatan (Mexico)]. E-mail: sriancho@uady.mx; Stentiford, Edward I. [University of Leeds (UK)]. E-mail: e.i.stentiford@leeds.ac.uk; Gamboa-Marrufo, Mauricio; Reza-Bacelis, Gabriela; Cahuich-Poot, Nayla; Mendez-Novelo, Roger [Universidad Autonoma de Yucatan, Yucatan (Mexico)]. E-mails: gmarrufo@uady.mx; gabriela.reza@proactiva.com.mx; nayre63@hotmail.com; mnovelo@uady.mx

2013-07-15

On worldwide scale, one of the most important anthropogenic methane sources is landfill disposal for solid wastes. The main goal of this work was to quantify methane emissions at one landfill built in Merida, Mexico. This site had venting wells by which a passive control for biogas movement was exerted. At the venting wells, methane concentrations were measured monthly during a 6 months period. Methane surface emission rate was estimated with the close chamber technique. Obtained results indicated that there are both spatial and seasonal variations in biogas composition. The average methane value during the monitoring period was 21.9% (12.7 to 32.5 V/V) and the surface flow rate was in the range of 0 to 6,004 g CH{sub 4} m-2 d-1, with an average value of 1,480 g CH{sub 4} m-2 d-1, which is a high value in respect to these reported in publications. [Spanish] Entre las fuentes antropogenicas mas importantes de metano a escala mundial se encuentra la disposicion final de los residuos solidos. El objetivo de este trabajo fue cuantificar las emisiones de metano provenientes de un relleno sanitario en Merida, Mexico, en el que el movimiento del biogas se controlaba pasivamente utilizando pozos de venteo. Las concentraciones de metano se midieron mensualmente en los pozos de venteo del sitio a lo largo de un periodo de 6 meses. La tasa de emision superficial de metano se determino utilizando la tecnica de camara cerrada. Los resultados indicaron que existen variaciones considerables tanto espaciales como estacionales de la composicion del biogas proveniente de los pozos de venteo con un promedio de concentracion de metano en el sitio, durante todo el periodo de monitoreo, de 21.9% (12.7 a 32.5 V/V). Los flujos superficiales de gas medidos en diversos puntos a lo largo de la superficie del relleno sanitario tuvieron un promedio de 1,480 g CH{sub 4} m-2 d-1, lo que se considero un valor muy alto cuando se comparo con la informacion hallada en la literatura. El intervalo
Geothermal potential in Mexico; Potencial geotermico de la republica mexicana

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Ordaz Mendez, Christian Arturo; Flores Armenta, Magaly; Ramirez Silva, German [Comision Federal de Electricidad, Gerencia de Proyectos Geotermoelectricos, Morelia, Michoacan (Mexico)]. E-mail: christian.ordaz@cfe.gob.mx

2011-01-15

Globally, Mexico is the fourth largest generator of geothermal electricity with an installed capacity of 958 MWe. The Gerencia de Proyectos Geotermoelectricos (GPG, Geothermal-electric division of the Federal Commision for Electricity -CFE) is responsible for using geothermal resources. The GPG calculated the country's geothermal potential as part of CFE's strategy to increase power generation through non-conventional sources. The calculation departed from the GPG's national inventory of thermal manifestations, which is composed of 1380 manifestations scattered throughout the country. At each, surface temperatures were measured and subsurface temperatures estimated by geo-thermometers. The calculation of the geothermal potential was based on the classifying these manifestations by geo-thermometric temperature ranges, providing for high, medium and low enthalpy resources. The volumetric method was used to obtain the national geothermal potential. The results indicate that the Potential Reserves of high-enthalpy resources amounts to 5691 MWe; of moderate-enthalpy resources, 881 MWe; and of low-enthalpy resources, 849 MWe -a total of 7422 MWe. Moreover, the Probable Reserves for high-enthalpy resources amounts to 1643 MWe; of moderate-enthalpy resources, 220 MWe; and of low-enthalpy resources, 212 MWe -a total of 2077 MWe. Finally the Proved Reserves were considered, defined as the additional capacity able to be installed in each known geothermal field, for a total of 186 MWe. All the information was processed and integrated using the Geographic Information System (GIS) ArcGis 9.2 (copyright), resulting in the CFE's intranet publication of the Geothermal Potential Map of Mexico. [Spanish] A nivel mundial, Mexico ocupa el cuarto lugar como generador de electricidad por medio de la energia geotermica con una capacidad instalada de 958 MWe. La Gerencia de Proyectos Geotermoelectricos (GPG) es la responsable del aprovechamiento de estos recursos y como
Psychology in Mexico

Science.gov (United States)

Ruiz, Eleonora Rubio

2011-01-01

The first formal psychology course taught in Mexico was in 1896 at Mexico's National University; today, National Autonomous University of Mexico (UNAM in Spanish). The modern psychology from Europe and the US in the late 19th century were the primary influences of Mexican psychology, as well as psychoanalysis and both clinical and experimental…
Applications of the renewable energies; Aplicaciones de las energias renovables

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Gomez Rocha, Luis Martin [Comision Nacional para el Ahorro de Energia, Mexico, D.F. (Mexico)

2001-07-01

The solar energy manifests itself in different forms and its application has been fundamental for the humankind development. These forms are known as renewable energies, since they are energy forms that are renewed or remade with time or that are so abundant on Earth, that they will last for hundreds or thousands of years, either we use them or not. The main advantage of the utilization of the renewable energies in comparison with hydrocarbons is the one of having smaller impact on the environment, which brings about the conservation of nonrenewable resources, and to postpone its exhaustion. They allow the distributed generation, diminishing the power losses in the transmission and distribution systems, which increases the overall efficiency. In addition they can be the drive for regional development and generation of employment, because when having applications in remote zones and being a field still not completely developed in Mexico, the possibility exists of enabling professionals and technicians. From the point of view of the power sector, the renewable energies extend the supply and availability of energy, making more flexible and independent the operation and reliability of the national power system. [Spanish] La energia solar se manifiesta de diversas formas y su aplicacion ha sido fundamental para el desarrollo de la humanidad. A estas formas se les conoce como energias renovables, ya que son formas de energia que se van renovando o rehaciendo con el tiempo o que son tan abundantes en la tierra, que perduraran por cientos o miles de anos, las usemos o no. La principal ventaja del aprovechamiento de las energias renovables en comparacion con los hidrocarburos es la de tener menor impacto al medio ambiente, lo que trae consigo la conservacion de recursos no renovables, y posponer su termino. Permiten la generacion distribuida, disminuyendo las perdidas energeticas en los sistemas de transmision y distribucion, lo que incrementa la eficiencia general. Ademas
Tendencias del tabaquismo en adultos en México entre 1988 y 2008 Adult smoking trends in Mexico between 1988 and 2008

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Francisco Franco-Marina

2010-01-01

Full Text Available Objetivo. Describir las tendencias, durante las pasadas dos décadas, de varios indicadores de tabaquismo y explorar si las políticas de contención de la epidemia de tabaquismo en México, implantadas desde 2004, han tenido ya un impacto favorable hacia 2008. Material y métodos. Se analizan las tendencias de datos comparables sobre la prevalencia de nunca fumadores y de fumadores diarios, utilizando las cinco encuestas nacionales de adicciones realizadas entre 1988 y 2008. En el análisis se incluye a personas entre 18 y 65 años de edad y se realizan ajustes por índice de marginación, edad y sexo. Resultados. Entre 2002 y 2008 aumentó en 19.6% el porcentaje de nunca fumadores y disminuyó 24.8% el porcentaje de fumadores diarios. Estos cambios fueron más importantes en los hombres que en las mujeres, pero en estas últimas se redujo en el mismo periodo en 21.1% el promedio de cigarrillos fumados a diario y se incrementó en 13.9% el porcentaje que había intentado dejar de fumar. La prevalencia de fumadores diarios se ha reducido más aceleradamente desde 2005, lo que coincide con el incremento en los impuestos a los cigarrillos. Conclusiones. Se observa en México, durante las dos últimas décadas, una tendencia al incremento del porcentaje de nunca fumadores y a la reducción del porcentaje de fumadores diarios. A pocos años de haberse implantado en México políticas de control del tabaquismo más efectivas, en particular el incremento en los impuestos al tabaco, se observan ya resultados favorables.Objetive. To describe the changes in several smoking indicators occurred in Mexico over the past two decades and to explore if the tobacco control policies implemented in Mexico, since 2004, show a favorable impact on tobacco consumption by 2008. Materials and Methods. We analyze trends in comparable data on the prevalence of never and daily smokers, using the five National Addiction Surveys conducted between 1988 and 2008. The analysis
Mortality trends from diabetes mellitus in the seven socioeconomic regions of Mexico, 2000-2007 Tendencias de la mortalidad por diabetes mellitus en las siete regiones socioeconómicas de México, 2000-2007

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Juan Jesús Sánchez-Barriga

2010-11-01

Full Text Available OBJECTIVE: To determine trends in mortality from diabetes mellitus nationwide according to federative entity, socioeconomic region, and sex and to establish the association between education level, federation entity of residence, and socioeconomic region and mortality from diabetes in Mexico during the years 2000-2007. METHODS: Records of mortality associated with diabetes for 2000-2007 were obtained from the National Information System of the Secretariat of Health. This information is generated by the National Institute of Statistics, Geography and Informatics through death certificates. Codes of International Classification of Diseases, 10th Revision, that correspond to the basic cause of death from diabetes mellitus were identified. Rates of mortality by federative entity and socioeconomic region were calculated, along with the strength of association (obtained by Poisson regression between federative entity of residence, socioeconomic region, and education level and mortality from diabetes. The seven socioeconomic regions elaborated by the National Institute of Statistics, Geography and Informatics include the 32 federative entities according to indicators related to well-being such as education, occupation, health, housing, and employment. RESULTS: Individuals who did not complete elementary school had a higher risk of dying from diabetes (relative risk [RR] 2.104, 95% confidence interval [CI] 2.089-2.119. The federative entity and socioeconomic region with the strongest association with mortality from diabetes were Mexico City (RR 2.5, CI 2.33-2.68 for 2000; RR 2.06, CI 1.95-2.18 for 2007 and region 7 (RR 2.47, CI 2.36-2.57 for 2000; RR 2.05, CI 1.98-2.13 for 2007. CONCLUSIONS: Mortality rates increased from 77.9 to 89.2 per 100 000 inhabitants in the period 2000-2007. Women had higher mortality than men. Individuals who did not complete elementary school had a higher risk of dying from diabetes (RR 2.104, CI 2.089-2.119. Mexico City as
Las ondas en las universidades o las universidades en las ondas

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Verónica Marín Díaz

2014-01-01

Full Text Available En las aulas y pasillos de las universidades vuelven a sonar las ondas hercianas que raen una variedad de programas a la anodina vida de la comunidad universitaria, inmersa en la implantación de títulos de Grado, nuevos programas de doctorado, legislación universitaria variable y un largo etcétera que afecta al devenir de la vida en el ámbito de la educación superior.
Pilot study for arsenic removal in Hidalgo, Mexico; Estudio piloto para remocion del arsenico, Estado de Hidalgo, Mexico

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Simeonova, Petkova Veguinia [Instituto Mexicano de Tecnologia del Agua, Jiutepec, Morelos (Mexico)

1999-12-01

Several materials with high content of iron oxides and positive electrostatic surface charge were identified as alternative arsenic sorbents. These properties are characteristic for minerals as hematite, geotite, lepodocrocite, maghemite, etc., widely distributed in the rocks of all these types and ages in the land bark. The natural hematite has been selected for a pilot experimental study conducted in one of the underground sources in Mexico. The obtained arsenic effluent concentration was less than 0.05 mg/l, assuring the current water-drinking standard. The effect of the operational rate and the influence of the silica and other contaminants present in the raw water over the removal efficiency of hematite were also evaluated. The obtained results prove the raw water over the removal efficiency of hematite were also evaluated. The obtained results prove the viability of the hematite for arsenic removal in the real field conditions. [Spanish] Varios minerales de alto contenido de hierro y carga superficial positiva se han identificado como sorbentes alternativos del arsenico. Estas propiedades son caracteristicas de algunos minerales como hematita, goetita, lepodocrocita, maghemita, etc., los cuales se hallan distribuidos ampliamente en las rocas de todos los tipos y edades que hay en la corteza terrestre. El presente estudio fue hecho sobre la hematita por su alta capacidad de adsorcion respecto al arsenico, evaluada a nivel de laboratorio, y por ser un mineral natural disponible en Mexico. La hematita fue aplicada para remover el arsenico presente en el agua de una fuente de abastecimiento en Mexico. Los resultados obtenidos en el campo comprueban la eficacia de la hematita en la remocion del arsenico, habiendose registrado una concentracion menor de 0.05 mg/l en el agua producida, lo cual satisface los requisitos de la normatividad para el consumo humano respecto a este contaminante.
Natural gas expectations in Mexico a United States analyst's perspective

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Foss, Michelle Michot [Energy Institute, University of Houston, TX (United States)

1996-07-01

The United States has a mature nature gas infrastructure but still needs continued improvements and expansion. Natural gas policy in the United States at both the federal and state level has generally not provide the right incentives or signals to producers, transports, distributors or customers and, as a result, natural gas not enjoy the market share that it probably should have. In 1973, natural gas consumption in the United States was 30 percent of total energy consumption. In 1994, the share for natural gas was 25 percent. Looking at the United States experience, natural gas has potential in Mexico, but there are constraints. It is useful to keep in mind the size of Mexico's market relative to her resource base of about 70 tcf of proven reserves and the potential and probable reserves that are likely to exist. Therefore, rational decision-makers will also need to consider whether Mexico could do well by exporting natural gas to the United States. [Spanish] Los Estados Unidos tienen una infraestructura madura en gas natural, pero aun necesita mejoras continuas y expansion. La politica de gas natural en los Estados Unidos, tanto en el ambito federal como en el ambito estatal, generalmente no ha proporcionado los incentivos o senales adecuados a los productores, transportadores, distribuidores o clientes y, como resultado, el gas natural no disfruta de la participacion en el mercado que probablemente deberia tener. En 1973, el consumo de gas natural era del 30 % del total del consumo de energia. En 1994, la participacion del gas natural fue del 25%. Viendo la experiencia de los Estados Unidos, el gas natural tiene potencial en Mexico. Pero existen factores limitantes. Es conveniente tener presente el tamano del mercado de Mexico en relacion con su recurso basico de sus reservas probadas de alrededor de 70 tcf y el potencial y probables reservas que pudieran existir. Por lo tanto, los responsables de las decisiones racionales tendran tambien la necesidad de

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