210Po concentration in Perna Perna mussels: looking for radiation effects

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Godoy, J.M.; Oliveira, Monica S. de; Almeida, Carlos E.B. de; Carvalho, Zenildo L. de; Silva, Eliza R. da; Pitanga, Fernanda L.

2008-01-01

Full text: Twenty ropes with 400 Perna perna mussels seeds (3 cm shell size) were set-up on floating structures at Cabo Frio Island, Arraial do Cabo, approximately 100 km Northeast of Rio de Janeiro city. A rope was taken out on a monthly basis, and the shell sizes of one hundred seeds were measured. The haemolymph of ten male and ten female individuals was taken, and the same individuals were separated for 210 Po/ 210 Pb determination. After one year of monthly sampling, no clear correlation was observed between the 210 Po concentration, mussel's age and weight. A mean 210 Po concentration of 155 Bq kg -1 , wet weight basis, was obtained, which is comparable with data reported in the literature. The radiation dose did not have any observable effect on the micronuclei frequency and DNA breaks in the mussels. This was probably due to the low dose rate, 0.02 mGy d -1 , in comparison with the suggested potential dose limit of 10 mGy d -1 . (author)

{sup 210}Po concentration in Perna perna mussels: looking for radiation effects

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Godoy, J.M. [Instituto de Radioprotecao e Dosimetria/Comissao Nacional de Energia Nuclear, Av. Salvador Allende s/n, CEP: 21780-160 Rio de Janeiro, RJ (Brazil); Departamento de Quimica, Pontificia Universidade Catolica (PUC), Rio de Janeiro, RJ (Brazil)], E-mail: jmgodoy@ird.gov.br; Oliveira, Monica S. de; Almeida, Carlos Eduardo B. de; Carvalho, Zenildo L. de; Silva, Eliza R. da [Instituto de Radioprotecao e Dosimetria/Comissao Nacional de Energia Nuclear, Av. Salvador Allende s/n, CEP: 21780-160 Rio de Janeiro, RJ (Brazil); Fernandes, Flavio da Costa [Instituto de Estudos do Mar Almirante Paulo Moreira, Marinha do Brasil, Arraial do Cabo, RJ (Brazil); Pitanga, Fernanda L. [Instituto de Radioprotecao e Dosimetria/Comissao Nacional de Energia Nuclear, Av. Salvador Allende s/n, CEP: 21780-160 Rio de Janeiro, RJ (Brazil); Danelon, Olga M. [Instituto de Estudos do Mar Almirante Paulo Moreira, Marinha do Brasil, Arraial do Cabo, RJ (Brazil)

2008-04-15

Twenty ropes with 400 Perna perna mussels seeds (3 cm shell size) were set-up on floating structures at Cabo Frio Island, Arraial do Cabo, approximately 100 km northeast of Rio de Janeiro city. A rope was taken out on a monthly basis, and the shell sizes of 100 seeds were measured. The haemolymph of 10 male and 10 female individuals was taken, and the same individuals were separated for {sup 210}Po/{sup 210}Pb determination. After one year of monthly sampling, no clear correlation was observed between the {sup 210}Po concentration, mussel's age and weight. A mean {sup 210}Po concentration of 155 Bq kg{sup -1} wet weight basis, was obtained, which is comparable with data reported in the literature. The radiation dose did not have any observable effect on the micronuclei frequency and DNA breaks in the mussels. This was probably due to the low dose rate, 0.02 mGy d{sup -1}, in comparison with the suggested potential dose limit of 10 mGy d{sup -1}.

Aspects of growth, recruitment and conservation of the Brown Mussel Perna perna along the Tsitsikamma Coast

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R. J. M Crawford

1983-12-01

Full Text Available Beds of brown mussels Perna perna are a dominant feature of the lower tidal range of rocky shores in the Tsitsikamma Coastal National Park. Mussels in this region attain a length of 30-40 mm by the end of their first year, and the majority probably exceed 50 mm at two years of age. Secondary settlement of plantigrades occurs from midspring through early winter, especially in summer and early autumn, and growth of adult forms is slowest prior to this settlement. Settlement occurs serially and powerful cohorts may be formed. At Nature's Valley density and biomass of mussels inside the park's boundary are significantly higher than in non-protected areas. Older age groups are also more abundant within the park.

STUDY ABOUT THE CONCENTRATION AND TIPOLOGY OF PAHS IN THE MARINE SPONGE (HYMENIACIDON HELIOPHILA) AND COMPARISON WITH THE PERNA PERNA ACCUMULATION

OpenAIRE

KARLA TELLINI FONTES

2011-01-01

A aplicação dos mexilhões como bioindicadores de poluição por hidrocarbonetos policíclicos aromáticos (HPA) vem sendo amplamente empregada ao redor do mundo com ótimos resultados para o monitoramento desses poluentes, em que no caso do Brasil a espécie Perna perna é a mais comumente estudada para este fim. No entanto, devido à restrição desse organismo as áreas mais rasas faz-se necessário encontrar bioindicadores alternativos ao mexilhão. No presente estudo o organismo empr...

Immunomodulation of murine collagen-induced arthritis by N, N-dimethylglycine and a preparation of Perna canaliculus

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Davis Paul

2007-06-01

Full Text Available Abstract Background Rheumatoid arthritis (RA and its accepted animal model, murine collagen-induced arthritis (CIA, are classic autoimmune inflammatory diseases which require proinflammatory cytokine production for pathogenesis. We and others have previously used N, N-dimethylglycine (DMG and extracts from the New Zealand green-lipped mussel Perna canaliculus (Perna as potent immunomodulators to modify ongoing immune and/or inflammatory responses. Methods In our initial studies, we treated lipopolysaccahride (LPS stimulated THP-1 monocytes in vitro with increasing concentrations of Perna extract or DMG. Additionally, we treated rat peripheral blood neutrophils with increasing concentrations of Perna extract and measured superoxide burst. In subsequent in vivo experiments, CIA was induced by administration of type II collagen; rats were prophylactically treated with either Perna or DMG, and then followed for disease severity. Finally, to test whether Perna and/or DMG could block or inhibit an ongoing pathologic disease process, we induced CIA in mice and treated them therapeutically with either of the two immunomodulators. Results Following LPS stimulation of THP-1 monocytes, we observed dose-dependent reductions in TNF-α and IL-12p40 production in Perna treated cultures. DMG treatment, however, showed significant increases in both of these cytokines in the range of 0.001–1 μM. We also demonstrate that in vitro neutrophil superoxide burst activity is dose-dependently reduced in the presence of Perna. Significant reductions in disease incidence, onset, and severity of CIA in rats were noted following prophylactic treatment with either of the two immunomodulators. More importantly, amelioration of mouse CIA was observed following therapeutic administration of Perna. In contrast, DMG appeared to have little effect in mice and may act in a species-specific manner. Conclusion These data suggest that Perna, and perhaps DMG, may be useful

Immunomodulation of murine collagen-induced arthritis by N, N-dimethylglycine and a preparation of Perna canaliculus.

Science.gov (United States)

Lawson, Brian R; Belkowski, Stanley M; Whitesides, John F; Davis, Paul; Lawson, John W

2007-06-11

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and its accepted animal model, murine collagen-induced arthritis (CIA), are classic autoimmune inflammatory diseases which require proinflammatory cytokine production for pathogenesis. We and others have previously used N, N-dimethylglycine (DMG) and extracts from the New Zealand green-lipped mussel Perna canaliculus (Perna) as potent immunomodulators to modify ongoing immune and/or inflammatory responses. In our initial studies, we treated lipopolysaccahride (LPS) stimulated THP-1 monocytes in vitro with increasing concentrations of Perna extract or DMG. Additionally, we treated rat peripheral blood neutrophils with increasing concentrations of Perna extract and measured superoxide burst. In subsequent in vivo experiments, CIA was induced by administration of type II collagen; rats were prophylactically treated with either Perna or DMG, and then followed for disease severity. Finally, to test whether Perna and/or DMG could block or inhibit an ongoing pathologic disease process, we induced CIA in mice and treated them therapeutically with either of the two immunomodulators. Following LPS stimulation of THP-1 monocytes, we observed dose-dependent reductions in TNF-alpha and IL-12p40 production in Perna treated cultures. DMG treatment, however, showed significant increases in both of these cytokines in the range of 0.001-1 microM. We also demonstrate that in vitro neutrophil superoxide burst activity is dose-dependently reduced in the presence of Perna. Significant reductions in disease incidence, onset, and severity of CIA in rats were noted following prophylactic treatment with either of the two immunomodulators. More importantly, amelioration of mouse CIA was observed following therapeutic administration of Perna. In contrast, DMG appeared to have little effect in mice and may act in a species-specific manner. These data suggest that Perna, and perhaps DMG, may be useful supplements to the treatment of RA in humans.

Active biomonitoring of magnesium and manganese using the Perna perna mussel collected in the north shore of Sao Paulo, Brazil

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Seo, Daniele; Sousa, Eduinetty C.P.M. de; Pereira, Camilo D.S.

2009-01-01

The objective of the present work was to study the active biomonitoring of magnesium and manganese in the seashore of Sao Paulo, using the Perna perna mussel , which was transplanted from an uncontaminated region to probably contaminated sites. Mussel samples acquired in the control region, a mussel farm in Cocanha beach Caraguatatuba, were exposed for three months in the study sites, in Sao Sebastiao, Ilhabela, Ilha das Palmas and Ponta de Itaipu. The mussel samples were cleaned, grinded, homogenized, lyophilized and then analyzed by instrumental neutron activation analysis, (INAA).The INAA procedure consisted in the irradiation of the samples and synthetic standards of magnesium and manganese for 10 s, under a thermal neutron flux of 6,6 x 10 12 n cm -2 s -1 in the nuclear research reactor IEA-R1 of IPEN-CNEN/SP. The measurements of the gamma radioactivity of the samples and standards were done using an hyperpure semiconductor Ge detector, coupled to associated electronics. For analytical quality control of the results, the certified reference material (CRM) NIST SRM 1566b Oyster Tissue was analyzed and the results obtained indicated good agreement with the certified values. The results obtained in the mussel samples analysis indicated that the samples exposed in Ilhabela in the autumn season presented higher accumulation of magnesium (7051 ± 333 μg g -1 ) than the other sites. For manganese, the highest concentrations were obtained for the mussels exposed in Ilha das Palmas in springtime, with 28.5 ± 0.8 μg g -1 . It was concluded that it is possible to biomonitor magnesium and manganese by means of the analysis of Perna perna mussels. (author)

TOXINAS PARALISANTES EM MEXILHÃO Perna perna EM ÁREAS DE CULTIVO DA COSTA SUL DO BRASIL: ESTUDO DE CASO

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M. A. SCHRAMM

2009-01-01

Full Text Available

Santa Catarina é responsável por aproximadamente 93% da produção de mexilhões (Perna perna e ostras (Crassostrea gigas cultivados no país. Embora possuam grande valor nutricional, eventualmente podem representar risco para a saúde do consumidor quando contaminados por agentes tóxicos, como por exemplo, toxinas produzidas por algas, ou ficotoxinas. Algumas ficotoxinas nocivas aos seres humanos têm como vetores os moluscos filtradores que podem acumular essas substâncias nos tecidos quando espécies de microalgas produtoras de toxinas estão presentes na água. A saxitoxina, produzida por alguns dinoflagelados, provoca a Síndrome do Envenenamento Paralisante pelo consumo de Moluscos, do inglês, Paralytic Shellfish Poison - PSP, que é um sério problema para a aqüicultura. Este estudo descreve a contaminação de mexilhões Perna perna por ficotoxinas da PSP com origem na ocorrência da microalga Gymnodinium catenatum em águas marinhas do litoral norte de Santa Catarina nos meses de abril e maio de 2006. Foram coletadas 22 amostras de água do mar e mexilhões em 10 pontos do litoral abrangendo 175Km da costa do Estado. As análises envolveram contagem de algas nocivas na água por microscopia óptica e a quantificação de ficotoxinas da PSP na carne de mexilhões através de bioensaios com camundongos e de cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência - HPLC. Os resultados comprovam a ocorrência, em baixas concentrações, destas ficotoxinas na carne de mexilhões cultivados e mostram a necessidade da inclusão desses contaminantes como parâmetro para a certificação da qualidade de moluscos bivalves destinados ao consumo humano.

Detecção de ácido ocadaico em cultivo de mexilhões Perna perna, Angra dos Reis, RJ Okadaic acid detection in mussel cultivation Perna perna, Angra dos Reis, RJ

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Geisi Ferreira Mariné

2010-02-01

Full Text Available A ficotoxina ácido ocadaico (AO é produzida por um grupo de microalgas conhecidas como dinoflagelados. Os mexilhões, ao se alimentarem dessas microalgas, acumulam a toxina em sua glândula digestiva, desencadeando a Síndrome ou Envenenamento Diarreico por Moluscos (EDM no ser humano. Os sintomas se apresentam em torno de 30 minutos após o consumo do molusco contaminado, variando entre náuseas, dores abdominais, vômitos e diarreia. Quando a ingestão da toxina acontece em quantidades inferiores a 48µg g-1, os sintomas não se desenvolvem, porém seu consumo continuado favorece o surgimento de tumores no trato gastrointestinal em razão do poder carcinogênico do AO. Este estudo pretendeu detectar e quantificar a toxina diarreica AO em mexilhões Perna perna coletados entre os meses de maio e outubro de 2006. A detecção do AO nos mexilhões foi realizada por Cromatografia Líquida de Alta Eficiência com Detecção Fluorimétrica (CLAE-DF. Os resultados cromatográficos indicaram a presença da toxina AO em baixas concentrações, em todas as amostras de mexilhões obtidas de maio a outubro de 2006. Os resultados indicam a necessidade da elaboração e aplicação efetiva de um programa de controle higiênico-sanitário dos moluscos, assim como o monitoramento do ambiente aquático, objetivando, acima de tudo, a segurança da saúde pública.Okadaic acid (OA is a phycotoxin produced by a group of microalgae known as Dino-flagellates. When mussels feed themselves from this micro seaweed the toxin accumulates in their hepatopancreas, triggering the Syndrome or Diarrhetic Shellfish Poisoning (DSP in the human being. The symptoms appear around 30 minutes after the consumption of contaminated mussels and include abdominal nauseas, pains, vomits and diarrhea. When the toxin ingestion happens in amounts lower than 48µg g-1, the above described symptoms do not develop. However, the continued consumption favors the emergence of tumors in the

Evaluation of Perna perna (Linné, 1758 as a tool to monitoring trace metals contamination in estuarine and coastal waters of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

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Francioni Eleine

2004-01-01

Full Text Available Perna perna was collected from several sites along the coast of Rio de Janeiro and analysed for the content of copper, zinc, cadmium and chromium. In spite of the observed concentration variability in organisms pertaining to the same population, statistical evaluation allowed metal level differentiation among regions and sites as well as between males and females. Differences in metal contents did not confirm expectations based on source strength and existing data on water concentration.

Metalotioninas en Perna viridis (Bivalvia: Mytilidae: variación estacional y su relación con la biología reproductiva Metallothioneins in Perna viridis (Bivalvia: Mytilidae: seasonal variation and its relation to reproductive biology

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Mairin Lemus

2013-06-01

Full Text Available Las metalotioninas (Mts son proteínas de baja masa molecular que juegan un rol importante en la detoxificación de metales, en vista de su papel ecotoxicológico se evaluaron las metalotioneínas (MTs en 350 ejemplares del bivalvo Perna viridis en dos localidades de la costa norte del estado Sucre, desde febrero hasta diciembre 2003. Se determinaron los índices biométricos: índice de condición (IC, rendimiento de carne (RC y relación peso seco-talla (PSL. Las Mts fueron separadas por cromatografía de exclusión molecular, Sephadex G-50 y se cuantificaron por saturación con cadmio. Los índices biométricos (RC y PSL mostraron variaciones estacionales, entre localidades y estados de madurez, con la excepción del CI. No se encontraron diferencias significativas entre sexos. Las Mts mostraron variaciones estacionales, con concentraciones más elevadas entre febrero y marzo y mínimos entre septiembre y diciembre, que coincidieron con los períodos de alta y baja productividad en el área, respectivamente. Los mejillones de Río Caribe presentaron una mayor concentración de Mts que los de Chacopata. Los mejillones inmaduros mostraron la mayor concentración de Mts y la más baja en los desovados. Se encontró una relación negativa y significativa entre Mts y CI. Los resultados demuestran que las Mts de Perna viridis están influidas por el índice de condición y la condición reproductiva, asi como también pot los factores físico-químicos del ambiente marino.Metallothionein is a cytosolic protein found in a variety of tissues and have been involved in the regulation of essential trace metals such as copper and zinc, and in the detoxification of essential and nonessential metals. With the aim to study their seasonal variation and their possible role in reproductive behavior, we evaluated metallothioneins (Mts in Perna viridis, taken from Rio Caribe and Chacopata localities in the North coast of Sucre state, Venezuela. A total of 325

Preliminary study on the bioaccumulation of saxitoxins in Perna viridis through the dissolved pathway

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Almeida, Carmelo Adrian B.

2011-03-01

Paralytic shellfish poisoning (PSP) is a common fear among shellfish consumers. Saxitoxins are the group of compounds that are responsible for PSP. These compounds are produced by Pyrodinium bahamense var compresssum (PbC) which accumulate in perna viridis as they feed on PbC. This study aims to determine the presence of an alternative pathway, called the dissolved pathway, through which saxitoxins accumulate in Perna viridis independent of PbC. Perna viridis were exposed to a certain concentration of saxitoxins for a period of 24 hours and saxitoxin levels were determined at certain times throughout the period. The High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) - Oshima method was used in the measurement of toxins levels. Results show that mussels accumulate saxitoxins even in the absence of PbC, which supported the hypothesis that an alternative dissolved pathway contributes to the accumulation of saxitoxins in Perna viridis. (author)

Estabilidade físico-química e mercado do mexilhão (Perna perna cultivado em Ubatuba - SP Physicochemical stability and market of mussels (Perna perna cultivated in Ubatuba - SP, Brasil

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Érika Fabiane Furlan

2007-09-01

Full Text Available O presente estudo objetivou caracterizar o mexilhão Perna perna como alimento no que se refere à estabilidade físico-química, valor nutricional e consumo. Os mexilhões avaliados foram coletados em três regiões distintas do litoral norte de São Paulo: praia da Barra Seca, praia do Engenho da Almada e costão do Cedro. Determinou-se a composição centesimal (umidade, proteína bruta, carboidrato, lipídios e cinza, o valor calórico, o pH e as bases voláteis nitrogenadas totais. Paralelamente foi realizado estudo de mercado, através de questionários não estruturados, aplicados aos comerciantes e consumidores locais. Detectou-se variação dos constituintes químicos dos mexilhões em função da sazonalidade, bem como, do local de origem destes. Estes constituem uma fonte protéica (9,1 g.100 g-1, com baixo teor lipídico (1,1 g.100 g-1 e calórico (72,7 Kcal.100 g-1. Apresentaram uma estabilidade físico-química de 4 dias, sob temperatura de 10 °C (±1, conforme aferido pelos resultados apresentados, que não se correlacionaram entre si. No geral, os estabelecimentos comerciais apontaram uma preferência pela aquisição do mexilhão sem as conchas e uma maior demanda do produto preparado na forma de vinagrete. Foi diagnosticado o desconhecimento do produto pelos consumidores e conseqüente necessidade de marketing visando sua promoção.This research work consisted of characterizing Perna perna mussel as a food in terms of its physicochemical stability, nutritional value and consumption. Specimens of the mussel were collected from three sites off the northern coast of the state of São Paulo, namely Barra Seca, Engenho da Almada and Costão do Cedro. The centesimal composition (humidity, crude protein, carbohydrates, lipids and ash, caloric value, pH and total basic volatile nitrogen were determined. A market study was also carried out based on a nonstructured questionnaire distributed to local tradesmen and consumers. The

Content Heavy Metal Pb, Cd In Perna viridis And Sediments In Semarang Bay

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Suprapto, D.; Suryanti, S.; Latifah, N.

2018-02-01

Waste disposal from human activities, generally contain heavy metals such as Pb and Cd which derived from industrial activities. The aims of the study were to know the concentration of Pb and Cd heavy metals contained in Perna viridis tissue, sediment and water at Semarang Bay. This study was conducted in May 2017 at Semarang Bay. - Samples were collected using purposive sampling method. The heavy metal content in the water and clam was observed using- APHA method and was analyzed using AAS (Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer). The results showed that concentration of heavy metal of Pb in the water was 0.00-50.5mg/L and the Cd content was of 26.9-51.7 mg/L, whereas the concentration of Pb in the sediment is 445.5-2.053.0mg/L and Cd 963.3-2,150.0 mg/L. Pb content in soft tissue of Perna viridis - is 67.1-1.933.9 mg/L and the concentration of Cd was 203.5-5.787.3 mg/L. The analysis of Pb and Cd in seawater, sediment and soft tissue of Perna viridis according to Enviroment Ministerial decree (KepMenLH ) number 51 of 2004 and applied by NOAA 1999 does not exceed the quality standard, that meant that the Perna viridis has been contaminated by metal Pb it is controversial with the above sentence and Cd. It concluded that the metal content of Pb and Cd in Perna viridis tissue exceeds the quality standard, so it is not suitable to be consumed, especially in high quantity

Candidose úlcero-vegetante da perna

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Luis Carlos Cucé

1986-10-01

Full Text Available Os Autores apresentam caso de paciente portadora de lesão única, úlcero-vegetante, localizada no 1/3 inferior da perna direita, causada pela Candida albicans. Submetida à terapêutica com Ketoconazol na dose de 400 mg diários durante o primeiro mês de tratamento e 200 mg diários no segundo mês, evoluiu para cura, sem recidiva e com negativação do título de anticorpos anti Candida albicans (fixação do complemento.

MULTIPLE BIOMARKER RESPONSE IN THE MUSSEL, PERNA PERNA TO ASSESS THE MARINE QUALITY IN THE BIG CASABLANCA AREA

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LAILA EL JOURMI

2014-03-01

Full Text Available The aim of this study is to assess the marine environment quality in the Big Casablanca area. A number of biochemical markers were measured in the brown mussel, Perna perna, sampled from four sampling sites characterized by a different degree of contamination and human impacts. As biochemical indices; Catalase (CAT, Glutathione S-transferase (GST, Acetylcholinesterase (AChE, as well as Malondialdehyde (MDA and Metallothioneine (MT were evaluated in whole soft tissues of mussels collected from the selected sites. The biomarkers showed statistically significant differences at the polluted sites when compared to the control ones. Our data indicated that CAT and GST activity, MDA and MT concentration in whole mussel bodies, are a higher and significant (p < 0.05 in mussels collected at polluted sites when compared to specimen sampled from control ones. In contrary the response of AChE activity was significantly (p<0.05 inhibited in mussels from polluted sites when compared to control values. The multiple biomarker responses obtained for October 2010 and 2011, clearly demonstrate the potential presence of different contaminants in Site1 and Site2 reflecting the intensity of pollution in these areas.

Biomonitoring in coastal regions of Sao Paulo state using transplanted mussels (Perna perna) and instrumental neutron activation analysis

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Catharino, M.G.M.; Vasconcellos, M.B.A.; Moreira, E.G. [Instituto de Pesquisas Energeticas e Nucleares (IPEN/CNEN-SP), Sao Paulo, SP (Brazil)]. E-mails: mgcatharino@uol.com.br; mbvascon@ipen.br; emoreira@ipen.br; Sousa, E.C.P.M.; Pereira, C.D.S. [Universidade de Sao Paulo (USP), SP (Brazil). Instituto Oceanografico]. E-mails: edvinett@usp.br; camilo@unisanta.br

2007-07-01

In Brazil, due to the extension of the coast and to innumerous pollution problems encountered in several regions, it is necessary the continuous monitoring of many environmental compartments, such as water, soils, sediments and biomonitors in order to assess their environmental quality. Trace elements present in sea water and in marine sediments may accumulate in many invertebrate marine species as bivalve mollusks such as oysters and mussels. These mollusks are able to accumulate pollution, in a sedentary way, remaining alive. Their utility as biomonitor organisms enables the estimation of trace element availability to biomass from different areas. The aim of this study is to give a contribution to the biomonitoring of trace and minor elements such as As, Ca, Co, Cr, Fe, Na, Se and Zn in some regions of the coast of the State of Sao Paulo: Cocanha Beach, Sao Sebastiao and Ilhabela by using the Perna perna mussel, by means of transplanting these organisms from a clean cultivation site (active biomonitoring). Mussels were transplanted to these contaminated areas for different periods of time and elements were determined by Instrumental Neutron Activation Analysis, INAA. Except for Na, the results showed element accumulation for the transplanted mussels. (author)

Biomonitoring in coastal regions of Sao Paulo state using transplanted mussels (Perna perna) and instrumental neutron activation analysis

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Catharino, M.G.M.; Vasconcellos, M.B.A.; Moreira, E.G.; Sousa, E.C.P.M.; Pereira, C.D.S.

2007-01-01

In Brazil, due to the extension of the coast and to innumerous pollution problems encountered in several regions, it is necessary the continuous monitoring of many environmental compartments, such as water, soils, sediments and biomonitors in order to assess their environmental quality. Trace elements present in sea water and in marine sediments may accumulate in many invertebrate marine species as bivalve mollusks such as oysters and mussels. These mollusks are able to accumulate pollution, in a sedentary way, remaining alive. Their utility as biomonitor organisms enables the estimation of trace element availability to biomass from different areas. The aim of this study is to give a contribution to the biomonitoring of trace and minor elements such as As, Ca, Co, Cr, Fe, Na, Se and Zn in some regions of the coast of the State of Sao Paulo: Cocanha Beach, Sao Sebastiao and Ilhabela by using the Perna perna mussel, by means of transplanting these organisms from a clean cultivation site (active biomonitoring). Mussels were transplanted to these contaminated areas for different periods of time and elements were determined by Instrumental Neutron Activation Analysis, INAA. Except for Na, the results showed element accumulation for the transplanted mussels. (author)

Variability of filtration and food assimilation rates, respiratory activity and multixenobiotic resistance (MXR mechanism in the mussel Perna perna under lead influence

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M. L. PESSATTI

Full Text Available The economic importance that myticulture is conquering in Santa Catarina State (South of Brazil explains the crescent search for new coastal sites for farming. Physiological and biochemical studies of the mussel Perna perna are important to the establishment of methodologies for program assessment and environmental monitoring, allowing to infer about site quality and possible influences of xenobiotic agents on coastal areas. In order to evaluate effects caused by lead poisoning (1.21 mumol.L-1, the mussels were maintained at constant temperature (25ºC and fed with Chaetoceros gracilis for 15 days. The control group was acclimatized in sea water 30‰. At the end of this period time, physiological measurements were carried out along with statistic analysis for filtration rates, lead assimilation and overall respiratory activity. The mechanism of multixenobiotic resistance (MXR was particularly evaluated in standardized gill fragments using rhodamine B accumulation and its quantification under fluorescence optical microscopy. Regarding the control group, results had shown that the mussels maintenance in a lead-poisoned environment caused higher filtration rates (1.04 and 2.3 and L.h-1.g-1; p < 0.05 and lower assimilation rates (71.96% and 54.1%, respectively. Also it was confirmed a lesser rhodamine B accumulation in the assays under influence of lead, suggesting that this metal induces the MXR mechanism expression in mussel P. perna. These results indicate that such physiological and biochemical alterations in the mussels can modify the energy fluxes of its metabolism, resulting in possible problems on the coastal systems used as cultivating sites.

Variability of filtration and food assimilation rates, respiratory activity and multixenobiotic resistance (MXR mechanism in the mussel Perna perna under lead influence

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PESSATTI M. L.

2002-01-01

Full Text Available The economic importance that myticulture is conquering in Santa Catarina State (South of Brazil explains the crescent search for new coastal sites for farming. Physiological and biochemical studies of the mussel Perna perna are important to the establishment of methodologies for program assessment and environmental monitoring, allowing to infer about site quality and possible influences of xenobiotic agents on coastal areas. In order to evaluate effects caused by lead poisoning (1.21 mumol.L-1, the mussels were maintained at constant temperature (25ºC and fed with Chaetoceros gracilis for 15 days. The control group was acclimatized in sea water 30?. At the end of this period time, physiological measurements were carried out along with statistic analysis for filtration rates, lead assimilation and overall respiratory activity. The mechanism of multixenobiotic resistance (MXR was particularly evaluated in standardized gill fragments using rhodamine B accumulation and its quantification under fluorescence optical microscopy. Regarding the control group, results had shown that the mussels maintenance in a lead-poisoned environment caused higher filtration rates (1.04 and 2.3 and L.h-1.g-1; p < 0.05 and lower assimilation rates (71.96% and 54.1%, respectively. Also it was confirmed a lesser rhodamine B accumulation in the assays under influence of lead, suggesting that this metal induces the MXR mechanism expression in mussel P. perna. These results indicate that such physiological and biochemical alterations in the mussels can modify the energy fluxes of its metabolism, resulting in possible problems on the coastal systems used as cultivating sites.

Temporal and spatial variation on heavy metal concentrations in the bivalve Perna perna (LINNAEUS, 1758 on the northern coast of Rio de Janeiro State, Brazil

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Alexandre Gomes Ferreira

2004-06-01

Full Text Available Heavy metal (Cd, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mn, Ni, Pb and Zn concentrations were studied in Perna perna from three beaches (Barra do Furado, Buena and Ponta do Retiro on the northern coast of Rio de Janeiro State by ICP-AES. The average concentration was 0.3 ± 0.04 (Cd; 1.9 ± 0.6 (Cr; 6.1 ± 0.7 (Cu; 1,130 ± 113 (Fe; 22 ± 3.2 (Mn; 9.3 ± 4.6 (Ni; 0.4 ± 0.2 (Pb; 44 ± 5.8 (Zn µg.g-1 dry weight. There were no significant difference for almost all the studied metals in relation to sex. Although, significant spatial variations (p Este trabalho descreve as concentrações de Cd, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mn, Ni, Pb and Zn em Perna perna das praias de Barra do Furado (BF, Buena (B and Ponta do Retiro (PR na costa Norte do Estado do Rio de Janeiro. As concentrações dos metais foram determinadas em ICP-AES. As concentrações médias foram 0.3 ± 0.04 (Cd; 1,9 ± 0.6 (Cr; 6,13 ± 0.7 (Cu; 1.130 ± 113 (Fe; 22 ± 3,2 (Mn; 9.3 ± 4,6 (Ni; 0.4 ± 0.2 (Pb; 44 ± 5,8 (Zn µg.g-1 de peso seco. Não ocorreram diferenças significativas para a maioria dos metais, em relação ao sexo. Variações espaciais significativas (p < 0.05 ocorreram para Cr, Pb e Ni com os maiores valores em BF. Variações temporais significativas (p < 0.05 ocorreram nas três praias, contudo, nenhuma tendência sazonal de acumulação foi observada. As concentrações dos metais foram similares aquelas áreas descritas sob baixo impacto de poluição por metais pesados, exceto para o Fe, cujos altos valores provavelmente estão associados a presença de substratos locais ricos em óxido de Fe.

PAULINHO PERNA TORTA E JOÃO DE SANTO CRISTO: UMA APROXIMAÇÃO POSSÍVEL

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Jhony Adelio Skeika

2012-01-01

Full Text Available This article has as center goal approximate Paulinho Perna Torta an João de Santo Cristo characters from Paulinho Perna Torta (João Antônio’s tale and Faroeste Caboclo (Renato Russo’s song, respectively, in what refers to the marginalized and offender subject’s formation process. Also, it looks for reflect how Contemporary Literature has been concerned about giving representation space to social underling people.

Biological effects of environmentally relevant concentrations of the pharmaceutical Triclosan in the marine mussel Perna perna (Linnaeus, 1758)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Sanzi Cortez, Fernando, E-mail: lecotox@unisanta.br [Instituto de Pesquisas Energeticas e Nucleares IPEN-CNEN/SP, 05508-000 Sao Paulo, SP (Brazil); Laboratorio de Ecotoxicologia, Universidade Santa Cecilia, 11045-907 Santos, SP (Brazil); Dias Seabra Pereira, Camilo [Laboratorio de Ecotoxicologia, Universidade Santa Cecilia, 11045-907 Santos, SP (Brazil); Instituto do Mar, Universidade Federal de Sao Paulo, 11030-400 Santos, SP (Brazil); Ramos Santos, Aldo Ramos [Laboratorio de Ecotoxicologia, Universidade Santa Cecilia, 11045-907 Santos, SP (Brazil); Cesar, Augusto; Choueri, Rodrigo Brasil [Laboratorio de Ecotoxicologia, Universidade Santa Cecilia, 11045-907 Santos, SP (Brazil); Instituto do Mar, Universidade Federal de Sao Paulo, 11030-400 Santos, SP (Brazil); Martini, Gisela de Assis [Laboratorio de Ecotoxicologia, Universidade Santa Cecilia, 11045-907 Santos, SP (Brazil); Bohrer-Morel, Maria Beatriz [Instituto de Pesquisas Energeticas e Nucleares IPEN-CNEN/SP, 05508-000 Sao Paulo, SP (Brazil)

2012-09-15

Triclosan (5-Chloro-2-(2,4-dichlorophenoxy) phenol) is an antibacterial compound widely employed in pharmaceuticals and personal care products. Although this emerging compound has been detected in aquatic environments, scarce information is found on the effects of Triclosan to marine organisms. The aim of this study was to evaluate the toxicity of a concentration range of Triclosan through fertilization assay (reproductive success), embryo-larval development assay (early life stage) and physiological stress (Neutral Red Retention Time assay - NRRT) (adult stage) in the marine sentinel organism Perna perna. The mean inhibition concentrations for fertilization (IC{sub 50} = 0.490 mg L{sup -1}) and embryo-larval development (IC{sub 50} = 0.135 mg L{sup -1}) tests were above environmental relevant concentrations (ng L{sup -1}) given by previous studies. Differently, significant reduction on NRRT results was found at 12 ng L{sup -1}, demonstrating the current risk of the continuous introduction of Triclosan into aquatic environments, and the need of ecotoxicological studies oriented by the mechanism of action of the compound. - Highlights: Black-Right-Pointing-Pointer Triclosan causes biological adverse effects at environmental relevant concentrations. Black-Right-Pointing-Pointer Mechanisms of action oriented assays were more sensitive to detect biological damages. Black-Right-Pointing-Pointer Currently there is environmental risks concerned Triclosan in aquatic ecosystems. - Triclosan causes biological adverse effects at environmentally relevant concentrations.

Biological effects of environmentally relevant concentrations of the pharmaceutical Triclosan in the marine mussel Perna perna (Linnaeus, 1758)

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Sanzi Cortez, Fernando; Dias Seabra Pereira, Camilo; Ramos Santos, Aldo Ramos; Cesar, Augusto; Choueri, Rodrigo Brasil; Martini, Gisela de Assis; Bohrer-Morel, Maria Beatriz

2012-01-01

Triclosan (5-Chloro-2-(2,4-dichlorophenoxy) phenol) is an antibacterial compound widely employed in pharmaceuticals and personal care products. Although this emerging compound has been detected in aquatic environments, scarce information is found on the effects of Triclosan to marine organisms. The aim of this study was to evaluate the toxicity of a concentration range of Triclosan through fertilization assay (reproductive success), embryo-larval development assay (early life stage) and physiological stress (Neutral Red Retention Time assay - NRRT) (adult stage) in the marine sentinel organism Perna perna. The mean inhibition concentrations for fertilization (IC 50 = 0.490 mg L −1 ) and embryo-larval development (IC 50 = 0.135 mg L −1 ) tests were above environmental relevant concentrations (ng L −1 ) given by previous studies. Differently, significant reduction on NRRT results was found at 12 ng L −1 , demonstrating the current risk of the continuous introduction of Triclosan into aquatic environments, and the need of ecotoxicological studies oriented by the mechanism of action of the compound. - Highlights: ► Triclosan causes biological adverse effects at environmental relevant concentrations. ► Mechanisms of action oriented assays were more sensitive to detect biological damages. ► Currently there is environmental risks concerned Triclosan in aquatic ecosystems. - Triclosan causes biological adverse effects at environmentally relevant concentrations.

Genetic characterization of Perna viridis L. in peninsular Malaysia

Indian Academy of Sciences (India)

A total of 19 polymorphic microsatellite loci were used to analyse levels of genetic variation for 10 populations of Perna viridis L. collected from all over peninsular Malaysia. The populations involved in this study included Pulau Aman in Penang, Tanjung Rhu in Kedah, Bagan Tiang in Perak, Pulau Ketam in Selangor, Muar, ...

Tolerance of High Inorganic Mercury of Perna viridis : Laboratory ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

Tolerance of High Inorganic Mercury of Perna viridis : Laboratory Studies of Its Accumulation, Depuration and Distribution. ... coefficient, indicating that it could act as one of the excretion routes for Hg and it can be proposed as a sensitive biomonitoring material for Hg. The fecal materials released by the mussel had elevated ...

A serine protease inhibitor from hemolymph of green mussel, Perna viridis

Digital Repository Service at National Institute of Oceanography (India)

Khan, M.S.; Goswami, U.; Rojatkar, S.R.; Khan, M.I.

Bioactivity guided fractions of cell-free hemolymph of bacterially challenged marine mussel, Perna viridis led to the isolation of a novel quaternary alkaloid 1, which was identified by its spectral data. The isolated molecule 1 has been found...

Evaluation of the levels of Br, Cl, K, Mg, Mn and V in Perna perna mussels (Linnaeus, 1758: Mollusca Bivalvia) collected in the coast of Sao Paulo state, Brazil; Avaliacao dos teores de Br, Cl, K, Mg, Mn e V em mexilhoes Perna perna (Linnaeus, 1758: Mollusca Bivalvia) coletados no litoral do estado de Sao Paulo, Brasil

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Seo, Daniele

2012-07-01

The coastal environment has been heavily altered by multiple environmental impacts of human activities, such as disposal of sewage from urban areas, the release of numerous chemical industries, agriculture and the flow of vessels, which can lead to accidental spills of oil and oil products, fuels and other products transported by sea. In this context, a means of determining concentrations of these potentially toxic substances in the sea water is the biomonitoring by means of different types of bivalves, which have been used by various researchers, in Brazil and other countries. With regard to bivalve mollusks, particularly mussels, their use in monitoring the marine contamination is mainly due to their wide geographic distribution, sessile habit and ability to concentrate toxic metals to 102-105 times in relation to the concentrations detected in water. In the present study, we employed the passive biomonitoring using the Perna perna bivalve mollusk with respect to the elements Br, Cl, K, Mg, Mn and V. These elements were chosen since they can be determined by INAA method (Instrumental Neutron Activation Analysis), by means of short irradiation which provides faster analyzes and also due to their importance from the standpoint of environmental or nutritional studies. The aim of this study was to evaluate the content of Br, Cl, K, Mg, Mn and V in samples of Perna perna mussels (Linnaeus, 1758: Mollusca, Bivalvia) collected in coastal regions of Sao Paulo subject to anthropogenic contamination (Ponta de Itaipu and Palmas Island, in Santos), comparing the values obtained in sites potentially impacted with the values of the control site in Praia da Cocanha, in Caraguatatuba. The collection points located in Sao Paulo coast are located in the geographical areas 23 Masculine-Ordinal-Indicator 37'S - 45 Degree-Sign 24' W (Caraguatatuba) and 23 Masculine-Ordinal-Indicator 57'S - 46 Masculine-Ordinal-Indicator 20' W (Santos). The collection of organisms was performed in all

Evaluation of the levels of Br, Cl, K, Mg, Mn and V in Perna perna mussels (Linnaeus, 1758: Mollusca Bivalvia) collected in the coast of Sao Paulo state, Brazil; Avaliacao dos teores de Br, Cl, K, Mg, Mn e V em mexilhoes Perna perna (Linnaeus, 1758: Mollusca Bivalvia) coletados no litoral do estado de Sao Paulo, Brasil

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Seo, Daniele

2012-07-01

The coastal environment has been heavily altered by multiple environmental impacts of human activities, such as disposal of sewage from urban areas, the release of numerous chemical industries, agriculture and the flow of vessels, which can lead to accidental spills of oil and oil products, fuels and other products transported by sea. In this context, a means of determining concentrations of these potentially toxic substances in the sea water is the biomonitoring by means of different types of bivalves, which have been used by various researchers, in Brazil and other countries. With regard to bivalve mollusks, particularly mussels, their use in monitoring the marine contamination is mainly due to their wide geographic distribution, sessile habit and ability to concentrate toxic metals to 102-105 times in relation to the concentrations detected in water. In the present study, we employed the passive biomonitoring using the Perna perna bivalve mollusk with respect to the elements Br, Cl, K, Mg, Mn and V. These elements were chosen since they can be determined by INAA method (Instrumental Neutron Activation Analysis), by means of short irradiation which provides faster analyzes and also due to their importance from the standpoint of environmental or nutritional studies. The aim of this study was to evaluate the content of Br, Cl, K, Mg, Mn and V in samples of Perna perna mussels (Linnaeus, 1758: Mollusca, Bivalvia) collected in coastal regions of Sao Paulo subject to anthropogenic contamination (Ponta de Itaipu and Palmas Island, in Santos), comparing the values obtained in sites potentially impacted with the values of the control site in Praia da Cocanha, in Caraguatatuba. The collection points located in Sao Paulo coast are located in the geographical areas 23 Masculine-Ordinal-Indicator 37'S - 45 Degree-Sign 24' W (Caraguatatuba) and 23 Masculine-Ordinal-Indicator 57'S - 46 Masculine-Ordinal-Indicator 20' W (Santos). The collection of organisms

The invasive Asian green mussel Perna viridis in South Africa: all ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

The Asian green mussel Perna viridis is an invasive Indo-Pacific species recently reported from South African harbours. To verify the invasion, a phylogenetic (and morphological) analysis of green-shelled mussels (n = 39), found in six South African harbours, was conducted using the mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase ...

Treatment of restless legs syndrome Tratamento da síndrome das pernas inquietas

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Tiago Spolador

2006-12-01

Full Text Available OBJECTIVE: Restless legs syndrome is a neurological disorder characterized by a desire to move limbs, which is usually only present or worsens during rest or at night. The objective of this article was to review the available literature about pharmacological treatment for this disorder. METHOD: A search of recent literature was undertaken on online databases (Medline, Pubmed, Scielo and Lilacs. RESULTS: 502 articles were retrieved, of which 30 were selected. Dopaminergic agents, anticonvulsants, opioids, benzodiazepines, zolpidem, entacapone and ketamine were all effective on the restless legs syndrome treatment. One study showed that iron was not effective. CONCLUSIONS: Based on few double-blind, randomized, controlled trials, it seems that the best options to treat restless legs syndrome patients are gabapentin and L-dopa associated to its sustained release formulation.OBJETIVO: A síndrome das pernas inquietas é um transtorno neurológico caracterizado por um desejo incontrolável de mover os membros, que comumente está somente presente ou piora ao descanso ou à noite. O objetivo do trabalho foi a revisão da literatura disponível sobre o tratamento farmacológico para a síndrome das pernas inquietas. MÉTODO: Pesquisa da literatura recente realizada em bases de dados eletrônicas (Medline, Pubmed, Scielo e Lilacs. RESULTADOS: Quinhentos e dois artigos foram encontrados, dos quais 30 foram selecionados. Os agentes dopaminérgicos, os anticonvulsantes, os opióides, os benzodiazepínicos, o zolpidem, o entacapone e a ketamina foram eficazes no tratamento da síndrome das pernas inquietas. Um estudo mostrou que o ferro não foi eficaz. CONCLUSÕES: Baseado nos poucos estudos duplo-cegos, randomizados e controlados, parece que as melhores opções para tratar os pacientes com síndrome das pernas inquietas são a gabapentina e L-dopa associada à sua formulação de liberação lenta.

The greening of the coasts: review of the Perna viridis success story.

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Rajagopal, S.; Venugopalan, V.P.; Velde, G. van der; Jenner, H.A.

2006-01-01

The green mussel Perna viridis has been receiving a lot of attention from workers working in the research areas of intertidal ecology, aquaculture, pollution monitoring, biofouling, zoogeography and invasion biology. P. viridis is a remarkable species in terms of its ability to reach very high

Evaluation of the levels of Br, Cl, K, Mg, Mn and V in Perna perna mussels (Linnaeus, 1758: Mollusca Bivalvia) collected in the coast of Sao Paulo state, Brazil

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Seo, Daniele

2012-01-01

The coastal environment has been heavily altered by multiple environmental impacts of human activities, such as disposal of sewage from urban areas, the release of numerous chemical industries, agriculture and the flow of vessels, which can lead to accidental spills of oil and oil products, fuels and other products transported by sea. In this context, a means of determining concentrations of these potentially toxic substances in the sea water is the biomonitoring by means of different types of bivalves, which have been used by various researchers, in Brazil and other countries. With regard to bivalve mollusks, particularly mussels, their use in monitoring the marine contamination is mainly due to their wide geographic distribution, sessile habit and ability to concentrate toxic metals to 102-105 times in relation to the concentrations detected in water. In the present study, we employed the passive biomonitoring using the Perna perna bivalve mollusk with respect to the elements Br, Cl, K, Mg, Mn and V. These elements were chosen since they can be determined by INAA method (Instrumental Neutron Activation Analysis), by means of short irradiation which provides faster analyzes and also due to their importance from the standpoint of environmental or nutritional studies. The aim of this study was to evaluate the content of Br, Cl, K, Mg, Mn and V in samples of Perna perna mussels (Linnaeus, 1758: Mollusca, Bivalvia) collected in coastal regions of São Paulo subject to anthropogenic contamination (Ponta de Itaipu and Palmas Island, in Santos), comparing the values obtained in sites potentially impacted with the values of the control site in Praia da Cocanha, in Caraguatatuba. The collection points located in São Paulo coast are located in the geographical areas 23º 37'S - 45° 24' W (Caraguatatuba) and 23º 57'S - 46º 20' W (Santos). The collection of organisms was performed in all seasons of the year, beginning in spring 2008 and ending in winter 2009. The samples

O mexilhão Perna perna (Linnaeus (Bivalvia, Mytilidae em cultivo na Armação do Itapocoroy, Santa Catarina, Brasil The mussel Perna perna (Linnaeus (Bivalvia, Mytilidae in culture at the Armação of the Itapocoroy, Santa Catarina, Brazil

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Adriano W. C. Marenzi

2005-06-01

Full Text Available Para verificar a viabilidade do cultivo do mexilhão, P. perna (Linnaeus, 1758 no sul do Brasil, duas experiências foram executadas na Armação de Itapocoroy. Das variáveis físicas e químicas foram analisadas a salinidade, temperatura e o oxigênio, que se mostraram ideais para esta espécie e, os macronutrientes também dentro dos níveis esperados para a região, não indicando poluição orgânica no local. O crescimento médio foi de 0,58 cm/mês e o aumento do peso foi de 2,57 g/mês. Curvas de crescimento e engordas foram elaboradas tendo como base a produção biológica após 6,7 meses de cultivo. A sobrevivência após oito meses foi de 79,2% e os valores os mais elevados do índice gônodo-somático foram detectados na primavera.To verify the viability of the culture of the mussel, P. perna (Linnaeus, 1758, in the south of Brazil, two experiences had been executed in the Armação do Itapocoroy. The averages of the salinity, temperature and the oxygen had shown ideals for this species and the macronutrients are inside of the natural levels for coast areas, not indicate organic pollution in the place. The average growth was of 0,58 cm/month and the increase of the weight was of 2.57 g/month. Curves of growth and fattening had been elaborated having for result the greater biological production after 6.7 months of culture. The survival after eight months was 79.2% and the most raised values of the gonad-somatic index were detected in the spring.

The stable carbon isotope composition of green-lipped mussels Perna canaliculus, Marlborough Sounds

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Lyon, G.L.; Hickman, R.W.

1993-01-01

Variations are shown for the δ 1 3C values of green-lipped mussels, Perna canaliculus, collected on several occasions between October 1983 and April 1985 from six sites in the Marlborough Sounds, South Island, New Zealand. Additional limited data is presented for mussels from two other sites and on other fish and particulate matter. The δ 1 3C in Perna canaliculus was found to vary seasonally, with the least negative values in winter 1984. The δ 1 3C values ranged from -16.7 to -21.3 per thousand, with males on average 0.7 per thousand less negative than females. Phytoplankton composition would be expected to also vary in δ 1 3C with least negative values when at their greatest production rate, i.e. in spring or summer, and thus mussel compositions appear to show a lag of several months. There was no evidence that terrestrial food was important. (author). 25 refs.; 10 figs.; 8 tabs

Cytotoxicity evaluation of Diethyltoluamide (DEET) in Perna perna (Linnaeus, 1758) mussels non-irradiated and irradiated with {sup 60}Co gamma radiation; Avaliacao da citotoxicidade do dietiltoluamida (DEET) em mexilhoes Perna perna (Linnaeus, 1758) irradiados e nao irradiados com radiacao gama de {sup 60}Co

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Martini, Gisela de Assis

2013-07-01

Recent studies have identified the presence of several emerging pollutants in aquatic environments. The occurrence in different environmental matrices has been continuously reported, highlighting the need for toxicity studies. The DEET (N,N-diethyl-meta-toluamide) is the active ingredient used in most insect repellents, and is present in many commercially available formulations. Apart from chemical pollutants, aquatic organisms are subject to exposure of ionizing radiation from natural sources or in the vicinity of nuclear power plants. The present study evaluated the toxicity of DEET in organisms irradiated and non-irradiated with {sup 60}Co gamma radiation, and the effects that radiation causes in lysosomes of hemocytes of Perna perna mussel. For this purpose, assays were performed to identify the acute toxicity of DEET concentration and the dose of gamma radiation able to cause mortality. Subsequently, cytotoxicity assays were carried out to assess the stability of the lysosomal membrane in organisms exposed to ionizing radiation and DEET. According to the results obtained in acute toxicity tests, the concentration of DEET that causes mortality of 50% exposed organisms (LC50) is 114,27 mg L{sup -1}, and the radiation dose that causes mortality (LD50) is 1068 Gy. In the cytotoxicity assays, the concentration of the non-observed effect (NOEC) for irradiated and non-irradiated organisms 0.0001 mg L-1 and observed effect concentration (LOEC) at concentrations above this. The IC25 (72h) for non-irradiated organisms was 0.0003 mg L-1 and IC50 (72h) was 0.0008 mg L{sup -1} for irradiated and non-irradiated organisms. Despite of the concentrations of effect found in this study were higher than in the environment, both measurements are in the same order of magnitude and should be also take into account the possible synergistic effects of DEET with other contaminants in the aquatic environment. (author)

Cytotoxicity evaluation of Diethyltoluamide (DEET) in Perna perna (Linnaeus, 1758) mussels non-irradiated and irradiated with 60Co gamma radiation

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Martini, Gisela de Assis

2013-01-01

Recent studies have identified the presence of several emerging pollutants in aquatic environments. The occurrence in different environmental matrices has been continuously reported, highlighting the need for toxicity studies. The DEET (N,N-diethyl-meta-toluamide) is the active ingredient used in most insect repellents, and is present in many commercially available formulations. Apart from chemical pollutants, aquatic organisms are subject to exposure of ionizing radiation from natural sources or in the vicinity of nuclear power plants. The present study evaluated the toxicity of DEET in organisms irradiated and non-irradiated with 60 Co gamma radiation, and the effects that radiation causes in lysosomes of hemocytes of Perna perna mussel. For this purpose, assays were performed to identify the acute toxicity of DEET concentration and the dose of gamma radiation able to cause mortality. Subsequently, cytotoxicity assays were carried out to assess the stability of the lysosomal membrane in organisms exposed to ionizing radiation and DEET. According to the results obtained in acute toxicity tests, the concentration of DEET that causes mortality of 50% exposed organisms (LC50) is 114,27 mg L -1 , and the radiation dose that causes mortality (LD50) is 1068 Gy. In the cytotoxicity assays, the concentration of the non-observed effect (NOEC) for irradiated and non-irradiated organisms 0.0001 mg L-1 and observed effect concentration (LOEC) at concentrations above this. The IC25 (72h) for non-irradiated organisms was 0.0003 mg L-1 and IC50 (72h) was 0.0008 mg L -1 for irradiated and non-irradiated organisms. Despite of the concentrations of effect found in this study were higher than in the environment, both measurements are in the same order of magnitude and should be also take into account the possible synergistic effects of DEET with other contaminants in the aquatic environment. (author)

DNA damage in male gonad cells of Green mussel (Perna viridis) upon exposure to tobacco products

Digital Repository Service at National Institute of Oceanography (India)

Nagarajappa; Ganguly, A.; Goswami, U.

DNA damage (determined by the Comet Assay) and the occurrence of deformed nuclei were measured as endpoints of genotoxicity in male gonad cells of the marine mussel (Perna viridis). Upon exposure of the organism to varying concentrations...

MOOCs from the Viewpoint of the Learner: A Response to Perna et al. (2014)

Science.gov (United States)

Wiebe, Eric; Thompson, Isaac; Behrend, Tara

2015-01-01

This response to Perna et al. provides an alternate approach to research on massive open online courses (MOOCs). We argue that a student-centered, theory-driven conceptualization and methodological approaches allow us to move beyond descriptive statistics and into a deeper understanding of MOOC learners. Examples using a teacher development MOOC…

Extract of Indian green mussel, Perna viridis (L.) shows inhibition of blood capillary formation in vitro

Digital Repository Service at National Institute of Oceanography (India)

Mirshahi, M.; Mirshahi, P.; Negro, S.; Soria, J.; Sreekumar, P.K.; Kotnala, S.; Therwath, A; Chatterji, A

The extract of the Indian green mussel (Perna viridis L.) was found to inhibit the formation of endothelial cell capillary tube in a concentration dependent manner in vitro. At a concentration of 5 mg/ml of crude extract, there no formation...

Evaluation of magnesium and manganese in Perna perna mussels (Linnaeus, 1758: mollusca, bivalvia) collected in the cost of the state of Sao Paulo, Brazil

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Seo, Daniele; Vasconcellos, Marina B.A.; Saiki, Mitiko; Cathartino, Marilia G.M.; Moreira, Edson G., E-mail: mbvascon@ipen.b, E-mail: mitiko@ipen.b, E-mail: emoreira@ipen.b [Instituto de Pesquisas Energeticas e Nucleares (IPEN/CNEN-SP), Sao Paulo, SP (Brazil); Sousa, Eduinetty C.P.M. de, E-mail: edvinett@usp.b [Universidade de Sao Paulo (IO/USP), SP (Brazil). Inst. Oceanografico. Lab. de Ecotoxicologia Marinha e Microfitobentos

2011-07-01

The objective of the present study was to evaluate magnesium and manganese concentrations in Perna perna mussels by applying instrumental neutron activation analysis (INAA). The mussels were collected seasonally from September 2008 to July 2009 at Cocanha Beach in the city of Caraguatatuba (clean region), and at two sites in Santos Bay (Ponta de Itaipu and Palmas Island). The mussel samples were cleaned, grinded, homogenized, lyophilized and then analyzed by INAA. The INAA procedure consisted in the irradiation of the samples and synthetic elemental standards for 10 s, under a thermal neutron flux of 6.6 x 10{sup 12} n cm{sup -2} s{sup -1} in the nuclear research reactor of IPEN-CNEN/SP. The measurements of the gamma radioactivity of the samples and standards were carried out using a hyperpure semiconductor Ge detector, coupled to Digital Spectral Analyzer. The elemental concentrations were calculated by the comparative method. For quality control of analytical results, certified reference materials NIST SRM 1566b oyster tissue and NRC DORM-2 Dogfish Muscle were analyzed and their results indicated good accuracy. The element concentrations in mussels on dry mass basis varied from 2734 {+-} 205 to 5138 {+-} 507 mg kg{sup -1} for Mg and from 7.35{+-}0.57 to 29.06{+-}3.35 mg kg{sup -1} for Mn. The results obtained in mussel analysis indicated that the samples collected in Itaipu in the winter season presented higher accumulation of Mg than the other sites. For Mn, the highest concentrations were obtained for the mussels collected in Palmas in summer time. (author)

Evaluation of magnesium and manganese in Perna perna mussels (Linnaeus, 1758: mollusca, bivalvia) collected in the cost of the state of Sao Paulo, Brazil

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Seo, Daniele; Vasconcellos, Marina B.A.; Saiki, Mitiko; Cathartino, Marilia G.M.; Moreira, Edson G.; Sousa, Eduinetty C.P.M. de

2011-01-01

The objective of the present study was to evaluate magnesium and manganese concentrations in Perna perna mussels by applying instrumental neutron activation analysis (INAA). The mussels were collected seasonally from September 2008 to July 2009 at Cocanha Beach in the city of Caraguatatuba (clean region), and at two sites in Santos Bay (Ponta de Itaipu and Palmas Island). The mussel samples were cleaned, grinded, homogenized, lyophilized and then analyzed by INAA. The INAA procedure consisted in the irradiation of the samples and synthetic elemental standards for 10 s, under a thermal neutron flux of 6.6 x 10 12 n cm -2 s -1 in the nuclear research reactor of IPEN-CNEN/SP. The measurements of the gamma radioactivity of the samples and standards were carried out using a hyperpure semiconductor Ge detector, coupled to Digital Spectral Analyzer. The elemental concentrations were calculated by the comparative method. For quality control of analytical results, certified reference materials NIST SRM 1566b oyster tissue and NRC DORM-2 Dogfish Muscle were analyzed and their results indicated good accuracy. The element concentrations in mussels on dry mass basis varied from 2734 ± 205 to 5138 ± 507 mg kg -1 for Mg and from 7.35±0.57 to 29.06±3.35 mg kg -1 for Mn. The results obtained in mussel analysis indicated that the samples collected in Itaipu in the winter season presented higher accumulation of Mg than the other sites. For Mn, the highest concentrations were obtained for the mussels collected in Palmas in summer time. (author)

Molecular discrimination of Perna (Mollusca: Bivalvia) species using the polymerase chain reaction and species-specific mitochondrial primers

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Blair, D.; Waycott, M.; Byrne, L.

2006-01-01

This work was prompted by the need to be able to identify the invasive mussel species, Perna viridis, in tropical Australian seas using techniques that do not rely solely on morphology. DNA-based molecular methods utilizing a polymerase chain reaction (PCR) approach were developed to distinguish...

Food availability and reproduction affects lipid and fatty acid composition of the brown mussel, Perna perna, raised in suspension culture.

Science.gov (United States)

Narváez, Mirle; Freites, L; Guevara, M; Mendoza, J; Guderley, H; Lodeiros, C J; Salazar, G

2008-02-01

We examined the influence of the reproductive cycle and environmental factors on variations of the condition index (CI), tissue dry mass, shell size, total lipid content, and relative percent of fatty acids in the mussel, Perna perna. Spat or juveniles were reared to commercial size (70 mm) in suspension culture in the Golfo de Cariaco, Venezuela between May and October 2004. The dry mass of soft tissues and shell, a visual assessment of gonadal status and the organism lipid profile were established every fortnight. In parallel, we measured the environmental conditions, following chlorophyll a, salinity, temperature and seston levels. After an initial decrease, the CI rose and remained high until August after which it decreased continuously until October. Total lipid values also decreased initially, after which they showed two periods of rapid recuperation and depletion, the first between May and August and the second between August and October. Similar tendencies were noted in the fatty acids, C18:3n-3, C18:4n-3 and C22:6n-3. Correlation analysis found no significant relationships between environmental parameters and the variations in total lipids. However, significant correlations were noted between fatty acids and specific environmental parameters. In particular, temperature was inversely correlated with C14:0, C16:1n-7, C18:0, C18:1n-9 and 20:5n-3. Chlorophyll a was positively correlated with C14:0, C16:1n-7, C18:1n-7, C18:4n-3 and 20:4n-6. On the other hand, gametogenesis had an effect on C14:0, C16:1n-7, C18:1n-9 and C18:1n-7, while spawned and gonadal regression states had an effect on fatty acid 20:4n-6. Temperature and chlorophyll a levels strongly influenced the proportion of mussels spawning, suggesting that their influence upon lipid composition may be secondary to their impact upon reproduction. Despite the thermal stability of this tropical system, the lipid composition of mussels changed markedly during the study, reflecting the central role of diet

Comunidad de moluscos asociados al mejillón verde Perna viridis (Mollusca: Bivalvia y sus relaciones tróficas en la costa norte de la Península de Araya, Estado Sucre, Venezuela

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Sioliz Villafranca

2006-12-01

Full Text Available Perna viridis es un bivalvo procedente del Indo-Pacífico que habita en la zona intermareal y ha invadido varios ecosistemas de la costa norte del estado Sucre, Venezuela. Con la finalidad de realizar un estudio sobre las comunidades de moluscos asociadas a esta especie y sus relaciones tróficas, se llevaron a cabo muestreos bimensuales entre octubre/97 y agosto/98, en un banco natural de mejillones a dos metros de profundidad en la costa norte de la península de Araya (10°40’N -48°63’W. Los organismos fueron recolectados delimitando el área con una cuadrícula de 0.25 m². Se identificaron los organismos hasta la categoría de especies utilizando claves específicas para moluscos y bibliográficamente se les determinó categoría trófica.Se capturó un total de 1 235 individuos de P. viridis y asociados a la especie 3 163 especímenes pertenecientes al phylum Mollusca, contenidos en tres clases: Bivalvia,Gastropoda y Polyplacophora. Éstas estuvieron representadas por 50 especies correspondientes a 10 órdenes, 24 familias; para los gasterópodos se contabilizaron 25 especies, para los bivalvos 22 y tres para los poliplacóforos. Del total de las especies, 40% fueron filtradoras, 26% carnívoras, 24% herbívoras y el 10% restante presentó dos categorías.De las filtradoras las más representativas fueron: Perna perna, Musculus lateralis, Crassostrea rhizophorae y Ostrea equestris; en el grupo de los carnívoros dominaron tres especies de la familia Columbellidae:Mitrella lunata, Anachis obesa y Nitidella ocellata y para el grupo de los herbívoros destacaron dos especies de la familia Fisurellidae: Diodora cayenensis y D. minuta. Se registraron dos especies filtradoras-detritívoras, y tres especies herbívoras-filtradoras representantes del género C repidula. El alto porcentaje de filtradores sería un indicativo de que dentro de este sistema probablemente hay una mayor disponibilidad de fracciones alimenticias para este grupo

HUBUNGAN KEKERABATAN BEBERAPA POPULASI KERANG HIJAU (Perna viridis DI INDONESIA BERDASARKAN SEKUEN CYTROCROME B mtDNA

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Achmad Sudradjat

2016-11-01

Full Text Available Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui hubungan kekerabatan stok kerang hijau (Perna viridis di beberapa perairan Indonesia sebagai informasi dasar bagi program pemuliaan. Sampel kerang hijau yang berasal dari populasi alam perairan Tanjung Kait, Kamal, Panimbang, Cirebon, Pasuruan, Kenjeran, dan Pangkep diambil secara acak. Amplifikasi PCR dan sekuensing mitokondria daerah cytochrome B adalah HCO (F: 5’-TAA ACT TCA GGG TGA CCA AAA AAT CA-3’ (26 bp dan LCO (R: 5’-GGT CAA CAA ATC ATA AAG ATA TTG G-3’ (25 bp. Sekuen DNA yang diperoleh digunakan untuk analisis homologi, analisis genetic distance dan analisis kekerabatan. Hasil analisis homologi susunan nukleotida berdasarkan BLAST-N terhadap sekuen mtDNA Perna viridis yang tersimpan di Genebank menunjukkan similaritas 97%. Hasil analisis didapatkan jarak genetik yang terdekat adalah populasi Tanjung Kait dengan Kenjeran sedangkan jarak genetik terjauh adalah populasi Cirebon dengan Kamal. Hubungan kekerabatan yang ditunjukkan dengan dendrogram diperoleh 2 kelompok yaitu 6 populasi membentuk satu kelompok dan populasi Cirebon membentuk kluster tersendiri. Sekuens tersebut mungkin dapat digunakan sebagai penanda dalam program breeding kerang hijau di Indonesia

Variación mensual de la composición química del mejillón Perna perna (L. cultivado y las condiciones ambientales en la Bahía El Guamache, Isla de Margarita, Venezuela

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José Pineda

1980-12-01

Full Text Available Monthly variations in the chemical composition of the mussel (Perna perna cultivated and the environment factors were studied in the Guamache Bay (Margarita Island, Venezuela. The study was carried out on mussels of 65-70 mm shell lenght and on a size that was monthly increased in 5 mm from 40-45 mm to 100-105 mm. The weight of meat ranged from 8,05 to 10,87 g, the weight of shell from 8,88 to 11,00 g and weight of the intervalve water from 2,64 to 6,83 g. In both experiences the water fluctuated between 72,2 and 86,7% ashes from 2,25 to 3,58% and proteins between 9,10 and 16,05% . The influence of the meteorological conditions on temperature and salinity was analized. The percentage of oxygen saturation was always over 80%. The primary nutrients registered low values only the ammonia mean, reached 2,43 µg-at/L Chlorophyll "a" fluctuated between 0,25 and 4,50 µg/L. The results showed that the variations in the chemical composition of mussels was independent of the size and they would be caused by the environment conditions.

Response of DNA, proteins, lipids and antioxidant enzymes as measure of toxicity to mercury exposures in green mussel Perna viridis

Digital Repository Service at National Institute of Oceanography (India)

Verlecar, X.N.; Jena, K.B.; Chainy, G.B.N.

Studies on exposures of gills of green-lipped mussel Perna viridis to sublethal levels of mercury (Hg) indicates that oxidative stress marker like lipids peroxidation and protein carbonyl content increase. With the exception of superoxide dismutase...

Evaluation of the levels of Br, Cl, K, Mg, Mn and V in Perna perna Mussels (Linnaeus, 1758: Mollusca, Bivalvia) collected in coast of Sao Paulo, Brazil

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Seo, Daniele; Vasconcellos, Marina B.A.; Saiki, Mitiki; Catharino, Marilia G.M.; Moreira, Edson G.; Sousa, Eduinetty C.P.M. de

2013-01-01

In this study the content of Br, Cl, K, Mg, Mn and V was evaluated in samples of Perna perna mussels collected in coastal regions of Sao Paulo (Ponta de Itaipu and Palmas Island, in Santos) subjected to anthropogenic contamination, to compare these values with those of mussels from reference site of Cocanha Beach (in Caraguatatuba). The mussels were collected seasonally from September 2008 to July 2009. They were cleaned, ground, homogenized, lyophilized and then analyzed by Instrumental Neutron Activation Analysis (INAA). The INAA procedure consisted in the irradiation of the samples and synthetic elemental standards for 8 and 10 s, under a thermal neutron flux of 6.6 x 10 12 n cm -2 s -1 in the IEA-R1 nuclear research reactor. For quality control of analytical results, certified reference materials NIST 1566b Oyster Tissue and NIST 2876 Mussel Tissue were analyzed and their results indicated good accuracy. The ranges of concentrations (dry basis) of the elements obtained in mussels collected for the four seasons of the year were: 173.80 to 358.99 mg kg -1 for Br; 45658 ± 1811 to 109166 ± 824 mg kg -1 for Cl; 7043 ± 856 to 12506 ± 675 mg kg -1 for K; 2774 ± 211 to 5691 ± 717 mg kg -1 for Mg; 7.01 ± 0.30 to 29.74 ± 3.32 mg kg -1 for Mn and 0.77 ± 0.02 to 3.43 ± 0.28 mg kg -1 for V. The seasonal and spatial variations of these element concentrations were in this study. (author)

Evaluation of the levels of Br, Cl, K, Mg, Mn and V in Perna perna Mussels (Linnaeus, 1758: Mollusca, Bivalvia) collected in coast of Sao Paulo, Brazil

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Seo, Daniele; Vasconcellos, Marina B.A.; Saiki, Mitiki; Catharino, Marilia G.M.; Moreira, Edson G., E-mail: danyseo@uol.com.br, E-mail: mbvascon@ipen.br, E-mail: mitiko@ipen.br, E-mail: mgcatharino@uol.com.br, E-mail: emoreira@ipen.br [Instituto de Pesquisas Energeticas e Nucleares (IPEN/CNEN-SP), Sao Paulo, SP (Brazil); Sousa, Eduinetty C.P.M. de, E-mail: edvinett@usp.br [Universidade de Sao Paulo (IO/USP), Sao Paulo, SP (Brazil). Instituto Oceanografico. Laboratorio de Ecotoxicologia Marinha e Microfitobentos

2013-07-01

In this study the content of Br, Cl, K, Mg, Mn and V was evaluated in samples of Perna perna mussels collected in coastal regions of Sao Paulo (Ponta de Itaipu and Palmas Island, in Santos) subjected to anthropogenic contamination, to compare these values with those of mussels from reference site of Cocanha Beach (in Caraguatatuba). The mussels were collected seasonally from September 2008 to July 2009. They were cleaned, ground, homogenized, lyophilized and then analyzed by Instrumental Neutron Activation Analysis (INAA). The INAA procedure consisted in the irradiation of the samples and synthetic elemental standards for 8 and 10 s, under a thermal neutron flux of 6.6 x 10{sup 12} n cm{sup -2} s{sup -1} in the IEA-R1 nuclear research reactor. For quality control of analytical results, certified reference materials NIST 1566b Oyster Tissue and NIST 2876 Mussel Tissue were analyzed and their results indicated good accuracy. The ranges of concentrations (dry basis) of the elements obtained in mussels collected for the four seasons of the year were: 173.80 to 358.99 mg kg{sup -1} for Br; 45658 ± 1811 to 109166 ± 824 mg kg{sup -1} for Cl; 7043 ± 856 to 12506 ± 675 mg kg{sup -1} for K; 2774 ± 211 to 5691 ± 717 mg kg{sup -1} for Mg; 7.01 ± 0.30 to 29.74 ± 3.32 mg kg{sup -1} for Mn and 0.77 ± 0.02 to 3.43 ± 0.28 mg kg{sup -1} for V. The seasonal and spatial variations of these element concentrations were in this study. (author)

Prevalência de deficiência de vitamina D em pacientes com úlceras de perna de etiologia venosa

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Claudine Juliana C Burkievcz

Full Text Available OBJETIVO: Estudar se a prevalência da deficiência de vitamina D em indivíduos com úlcera de perna de causa venosa é maior do que em população controle. MÉTODOS: Estudaram-se os níveis séricos de 25-OH-vitamina D por quimioluminescência em 27 portadores de úlcera venosa crônica e 58 controles do Hospital Universitário Evangélico de Curitiba. RESULTADOS: Os níveis de 25-OH-vitamina D3 eram inferiores a 8 ng/dl em 11,1% dos pacientes com úlcera e 3,4% dos controles; entre 8 e 20 ng/dl em 46,1% dos pacientes com úlcera e 25,8% dos controles; entre 21 e 30 ng/dl em 22.2% dos pacientes com úlcera e 27,5% dos controles e acima de 30 ng/dl em 43,1% dos controles e 18,5% dos pacientes com úlcera (p=0,04. CONCLUSÃO: Existe aumento de prevalência de deficiência de vitamina D em pacientes com úlceras venosas crônicas de pernas.

Accumulation, distribution and excretion of 134Cs and 65Zn by the green mussels (Perna Viridis)

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Chen Shunhua; Zhong Chuangguang; Yan Yuanyi; Zhao Xiaokui; Peng Yefang; Shi Qiong

1997-10-01

Two important radionuclides 134 Cs and 65 Zn were applied to study the accumulation, distribution and excretion of radioactive nuclides in organs and tissues of green mussel Perna Viridis. the results showed that the uptake rate of 134 Cs by green mussels was very low and the concentration factor (CF) for 134 Cs in the byssus approximated to 1. This CF value was lower than that of other tissues and organs of mussels, but its excretion rate was much higher than that of soft tissues. It was also found that the byssus of mussels had a special ability to accumulate 65 Zn. Concentration factor (CF) for 65 Zn in the byssus could reach as high as 900, which was much higher than that of any other tissues. However, its excretion rate was lower than that of other tissues and organs. The uptake rate of 65 Zn by soft tissues was markedly higher than that of 134 Cs. The mussels could also highly concentrate the low level 65 Zn even if specific activity of 65 Zn was very low in the environmental seawater. Results of radioactive trace experiments showed that the absorption of 134 Cs and 65 Zn by Perna Viridis was selective

Cultivation of green mussel, Perna viridis L., on a floating raft in an estuary along the west coast of India

Digital Repository Service at National Institute of Oceanography (India)

Rivonker, C.U.; Ansari, Z.A.; Parulekar, A.H.

Total production of green mussels, Perna viridis, grown on a raft (16 m sup(2)) for 1 year was 2144.64 kg and biomass (meat weight) was 1040.00 kg. Annual production (P) and biomass (B) estimated were 33.51 and 16.25 kg m sup(-1) respectively...

Anatomia óssea do cíngulo pélvico, da coxa e da perna do tamanduá bandeira Myrmecophaga tridactyla (Myrmecophagidae: Pilosa

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Priscilla Rosa Queiroz Ribeiro

2013-09-01

Full Text Available http://dx.doi.org/10.5007/2175-7925.2013v26n4p153 O tamanduá bandeira (Myrmecophaga tridactyla é a maior espécie de tamanduá do mundo. É um animal de hábitos terrestres, entretanto, apresenta alguma habilidade para escalar árvores e cupinzeiros altos. As estruturas esqueléticas duras são de importância vital, pois unem e protegem os órgãos moles e ajudam a sustentar o corpo, conferem forma e envolvem-se no movimento. O esqueleto apendicular é parte importante do aparelho locomotor, cujas informações anatômicas em espécies selvagens são escassas, tornando difícil a interpretação de dados relativos a esses ossos. Este artigo teve por objetivo descrever o esqueleto do cíngulo pélvico, coxa e perna do tamanduá bandeira. Foram utilizados dois espécimes de Myrmecophaga tridactyla Linnaeus (1758, fixados em solução aquosa de formaldeído a 3,7%. Inicialmente, os membros foram desarticulados e foi realizada a retirada da pele, vísceras e musculatura associada aos ossos do cíngulo pélvico, coxa e perna dos espécimes. Em seguida, eles foram macerados em água fervente e, posteriormente, colocados em solução de peróxido de hidrogênio. Depois de limpos e secos, os ossos foram identificados e descritos. O esqueleto do cíngulo pélvico do tamanduá bandeira é constituído pelo osso do quadril, formado pelos ossos ílio, púbis e ísquio; a coxa é constituída pelo osso fêmur; e a perna pelos ossos tíbia e fíbula. Na região da articulação do joelho encontra-se a patela, um osso sesamóide relativamente pequeno, considerando-se o grande porte desse animal. O tamanduá bandeira possui características osteológicas do cíngulo pélvico, da coxa e da perna semelhantes àquelas dos carnívoros domésticos, entretanto, algumas diferenças morfológicas são evidenciadas, o que pode refletir as diferenças dos padrões locomotores.

Pemanfaatan Limbah Cangkang Kerang Hijau (Perna Viridis Menjadi Kitin Sebagai Biokoagulan Air Sungai

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Syamsidar HS

2017-06-01

Full Text Available This study aims to determine the optimum weight of chitin that used as biocoagulant of river water. The water sample is taken from Kajenjeng river and the chitin used for research are isolated from green mussels (Perna viridis shell powder through three steps such as deproteination by NaOH 3%, demineralization by HCl 1,25 N and depigmentation by NaOCl 4%. Then, the obtained chitin are contacted into water with variation of 0,25 gram; 0,5 gram; 0,75 gram and 1 gram in an hour. The result showed that optimum weight of chitin for COD determination, total hardness, calcium and turbidity is 0,75 gram, while optimum weight of chitin for magnesium determination is 0,5 gram.

Quality of mussels cultivated and commercialized in Ubatuba, SP, Brazil: monitoration Bacillus cereus and Staphylococcus aureus growth after post-harvest processing Tratamento térmico de mexilhões Perna perna como forma de assegurar a qualidade: avaliação do crescimento de Bacillus cereus e de Staphylococcus aureus

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Eduardo Oliveira Salán

2008-03-01

Full Text Available Aiming at improving the quality of Perna perna mussels cultivated and commercialized in Ubatuba, SP, Brazil, the growth and elimination of Staphylococcus aureus and Bacillus cereus artificially inoculated in mussels were studied. The inoculation was carried out in "in natura" and pre-cooked mussels for 30 min, and after that the mussels were kept for 10 hours at room temperature (25 ± 1 °C and under refrigeration (7 ± 1 °C. Six thermal treatments were evaluated: three using steam (5, 10 and 15 minutes and three in boiling water (5, 10 and 15 minutes, in order to find the best time/temperature binomial to provide pathogenic control. Yield and physical-chemical and sensory characteristics were evaluated. All thermal treatments were efficient to eliminate microorganisms in 2 logarithmic cycles. However, the boiling water treatments presented better results than the steam treatments. The physical-chemical and sensory analyses did not show statistical differences among the thermal treatments studied. The best performances were reached in the shortest times of heat exposure. Overall, the treatments in boiling water presented better results than the steam treatments.Buscando a qualidade do mexilhão Perna perna cultivado e comercializado no município de Ubatuba, SP, foram estudados o crescimento e o controle de Staphylococcus aureus e Bacillus cereus inoculados artificialmente em mexilhões in natura e pré-cozidos, mantidos por 10 horas à temperatura ambiente (25 ± 1 °C e sob refrigeração (7 ± 1 °C. Foram estabelecidos seis tipos de tratamentos térmicos, sendo três sob vapor (5, 10 e 15 minutos e três por imersão em água (5, 10 e 15 minutos, buscando estabelecer o binômio que proporcionasse a diminuição da contagem microbiana. Posteriormente, foram avaliados o rendimento, os aspectos físico-químicos e sensoriais. Todos os tratamentos térmicos foram eficientes, pois reduziram a contagem microbiana em pelo menos 2 ciclos logar

BIOCUMULACIÓN Y EFECTO DEL CADMIO EN JUVENILES DEL MEJILLÓN VERDE Perna viridis (L. 1758 (MYTILOIDA: MYTILIDAEI BIOCUMULACIÓN AND EFFECT OF CADMIUM IN JUVENILES THE GREEN MUSSEL Perna viridis (L. 1758 (MYTILOIDA: MYTILIDAE

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VANESSA ACOSTA

2018-05-01

Full Text Available We evaluated the potential for bioaccumulation of Cadmium in juveniles of the green-lipped mussel Perna viridis (with average antero-posterior length 12.67±3.02 mm exposed to two sublethal concentrations of cadmium chloride (50 and 80 μgCd/ L and the immediate effect on the RNA/DNA ratio during an exposure period of 8 days. Cadmium levels were quantified in all tissues and the shell, using an atomic absorption spectrophotometer with air-acetylene flame. The ratio RNA/DNA was quantified in the abductor muscle. After two days of the experiment, the mussels showed the highest accumulation of Cd in tissues, which was proportional to the experimental concentrations, and then the levels in tissues remained unchanged during the rest of the experiment. Organisms in the control treatment maintained a constant amount of cadmium throughout the study. The accumulation in the shell was continuous and proportional to the concentration of the treatments. The ratio RNA/DNA showed a decline in both treatments, while organisms in the control group showed the highest levels and without significant changes throughout the experiment. Results showed an immediate incorporation of Cd in organisms, during the first 48 hours of exposure, with subsequent regulation of the metal, generating possibly a metabolic cost to counteract the toxic effect, leading to a decrease in RNA/ DNA ratio. Perna viridis is a species capable of regulating tolerable levels of cadmium, responding with effective regulatory mechanisms that allow it to acclimate to contaminated areas. The continuous accumulation of Cd in the shell suggests that this compartment can be used as an indicator of pollution for this metal in aquatic systems.

Detailed Distribution of Lipids in Greenshell™ Mussel (Perna canaliculus

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Matthew R. Miller

2014-04-01

Full Text Available Greenshell™ mussels (GSM–Perna canaliculus are a source of omega-3 (n-3 long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LC-PUFA. Farmed GSM are considered to be a sustainable source of LC-PUFA as they require no dietary inputs, gaining all of their oil by filter-feeding microorganisms from sea water. GSM oil is a high-value product, with a value as much as 1000 times that of fish oils. GSM oil has important health benefits, for example, anti-inflammatory activity. It also contains several minor lipid components that are not present in most fish oil products, and that have their own beneficial effects on human health. We have shown the lipid content of the female GSM (1.9 g/100 g ww was significantly greater than that of the male (1.4 g/100 g ww. Compared with male GSM, female GSM contained more n-3 LC-PUFA, and stored a greater proportion of total lipid in the gonad and mantle. The higher lipid content in the female than the male GSM is most likely related to gamete production. This information will be useful to optimize extraction of oils from GSM, a local and sustainable source of n-3 LC-PUFA.

Aeromonas spp. e Plesiomonas shigelloides isoladas a partir de mexilhões (Perna perna in natura e pré-cozidos no Rio de Janeiro, RJ Aeromonas spp. and Plesiomonas shigelloides isolated from in natura and precooked mussels (Perna perna in Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil

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Christiane Soares Pereira

2004-12-01

Full Text Available O ecossistema aquático é o habitat de mexilhões (Perna perna, animais filtradores que refletem a qualidade ambiental através de análise microbiológica de sua carne. No presente trabalho avaliou-se a presença de patógenos emergentes (Aeromonas hydrophila e Plesiomonas shigelloides, em mexilhões in natura e pré-cozidos coletados por pescadores da Estação Experimental de Cultivo de Mexilhões situada em Jurujuba, Niterói, Rio de Janeiro. Foram analisadas 86 amostras de mexilhões (43 in natura e 43 pré-cozidos as quais foram submetidas a enriquecimento em Água Peptonada Alcalina (APA acrescida de 1 e 3% de Cloreto de Sódio (NaCl e em solução Salina de Butterfield, incubadas a 37ºC por 24 horas. Em seguida, foram semeadas em Ágar Seletivo para Pseudomonas-Aeromonas (GSP, Ágar Tiossulfato Citrato Bile Sacarose (TCBS e Ágar Inositol Bile Verde Brilhante (IBB. A análise geral dos resultados permitiu a identificação de Areomonas spp e Plesiomonas shigelloides em 86% das amostras de mexilhões in natura e pré-cozidas avaliadas. A posterior caracterização bioquímica permitiu a identificação das espécies Aeromonas media (37,10%, A. hydrophila (15,50%, A. caviae (14,80%, A. veronii biogrupo veronii (11,60%, Aeromonas sp. (7,36%, A. sobria (4,20%, A. trota (4,20%, A. schubertii (1,31%, A. jandaei (1,31%, A. veronii biogrupo sobria (0,52% e Plesiomonas shigelloides (2,10%. A relevância epidemiológica desses microrganismos em casos de gastrenterite humana, após consumo de mexilhões crus ou parcialmente cozidos, revela a importância de alertar as autoridades de Saúde Pública no Brasil, sobre a presença desses patógenos na cadeia alimentar e seus riscos para a saúde humana.The aquatic ecosystem is the habitat of mussels, filtrating animals that reflect the ambient quality through microbiological analysis. In the present investigation, we evaluated the presence of emergent pathogens (Aeromonas hydrophila and Plesiomonas

The relationship of heavy metals and condition indices of green-lipped mussel perna viridis from contaminated and uncontaminated environments

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Ahmad Ismail; Yap Chee Kong

1999-01-01

Heavy metal concentrations and condition indices of green-fipped mussel Perna viridis were detemiined at two different sites of Peninsular Malaysia. Significant negative correlations (p< 0.001) between condition indices and heavy metals were observed. Samples from Kuala Perlis which relatively showed high heavy metals concentrations in mussels exhibited lower condition index while Kg. Tg. Batu with lower heavy metal levels, showed higher condition index. The environmental stress is believed to be responsible for the different physiological index in green-fipped mussel P. viridis. (author)

Dioxin and phthalate uptake and assimilation by the green mussel Perna viridis

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Wang, Wen-Xiong; Zhang, Qiong

2013-01-01

In this study, the aqueous uptake and dietary assimilation (trophic transfer) of two endocrine disrupting compounds (dioxin and phathalic acid) in the green mussel Perna viridis were quantified. During short-term exposure period, dioxin rapidly sorbed onto phytoplankton and its accumulation was much higher than that of phthalate. The uptake of these two compounds by the mussels increased with increasing temperature and salinity (for dioxin only). The dietary assimilation of the two contaminants was rather modest (10–64% for dioxin and 20–47% for phthalate), and was greatly dependent on the food species and concentration. Interestingly, dietary assimilation increased with increasing diatom food concentration. Gut passage time was partially responsible for the variable dietary assimilation. Given the high dissolved uptake rate and the modest dietary assimilation, aqueous exposure was predicted to be the dominant bioaccumulation source for both dioxin and phthalate in the green mussels under most conditions. -- Capsule: Aqueous uptake was the predominant pathway for dioxin and phthalate accumulation in marine green mussels

Feasibility of green mussel, Perna viridis farming in Marudu Bay, Malaysia

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Tan Kar Soon

2016-11-01

Full Text Available Bivalve aquaculture is an important source of affordable animal protein for coastal community. The success and sustainability of this industry is highly influenced by the suitability of the environment in which it is carried out. Present study was carried out to evaluate the feasibility of green mussel (Perna viridis farming in Marudu Bay. The site suitability for green mussel farming was evaluated based on biophysical parameters and food availability. The in situ environmental parameters, phytoplankton abundance and composition were collected from 10 sampling stations on monthly interval from May 2014 to April 2015. The results showed that the environmental parameters and food availability in most of the sampling stations were suitable for green mussel. However, the presence of phytoplankton taxa (Chaetoceraceae which are unfavorable by green mussel in most of the stations located at the bay pocket make those areas less recommended for green mussel farming. In contrast, stations located on the mouth of the bay exhibited high site suitability rating points and hence are highly recommended for cultivation of green mussel.

Vitamina D e cicatrização de pele: estudo prospectivo, duplo-cego, placebo controlado na cicatrização de úlceras de perna

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Claudine Juliana Cristina Caznoch Burkiewicz

Full Text Available OBJETIVO: Estudar a relação entre deficiência de vitamina D e cicatrização de pele em pacientes com úlceras de perna, relacionar esta deficiência com características da úlcera e avaliar se a reposição de vitamina D nos indivíduos deficientes acelera a cicatrização da úlcera. MÉTODOS: Foram escolhidos aleatoriamente 26 pacientes com úlceras venosas de perna e 26 sem úlcera pareados para sexo, idade, HAS e tabagismo. Os grupos foram comparados com relação à dosagem sérica de vitamina D. O grupo úlcera foi dividido em dois subgrupos: um que tomou placebo e outro que recebeu vitamina D 50.000UI por semana durante dois meses. Foi realizada a dosagem da 25-OH-vitamina D e avaliados o tamanho da úlcera e a gravidade da dor, antes e após o tratamento. RESULTADOS: A maioria dos pacientes apresentava níveis insuficientes de vitamina D. Não foi encontrada correlação entre o tamanho da úlcera sem tratamento e os níveis de vitamina D. Nos pacientes que receberam vitamina D, após o tratamento, o tamanho mediano da área da úlcera, diminui de 25cm², para 18cm² e no grupo placebo, de 27cm² para 24,5cm² (p=0,7051 e p=0,7877, respectivamente. Considerando-se a variabilidade da área da úlcera do grupo vitamina D versus placebo, a mediana foi igual a -0,75cm² no primeiro grupo e 4cm² no segundo grupo (p=0,0676. CONCLUSÃO: Pacientes com úlcera de perna têm mais deficiência de vitamina D que os sem. A deficiência de vitamina D não influiu nas características das lesões. A cicatrização nos pacientes com hipovitaminose D mostrou tendência para ser maior naqueles que receberam reposição vitamínica.

Geology, mineralogy, geochemistry and origin of phosphates from Jandia, Cansa Perna, Itacupim (Para) and Pirocaua and Trauira (Maranhao)

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Costa, M. L. da.

1980-01-01

The phosphate occurrences of Northeastern Para and Northwestern Maranhao were formed by strong lateritic weathering of phosphorus-rich Precambrian rocks. The rock formation affected by those processes were phyllites and schists of the Gurupi Group in Cansa Perna and Pirocaua, a complex of felsic to mafic and ultramafic rocks metamorphosed in the greenschist facies in Itacupim and Trauira and probably phosphoritic sandstone in Jandia. The geology, the mineralogy of phosphates, oxides, hydroxides and silicates, the geochemistry of element distribution (aluminium, silicon, iron, calcium, etc) and trace elements distribution (strontium, rubidium, barium, rare earths, zirconium, niobium uranium, thorium, etc) and the phosphates origin are studied. (C.G.C.)

Identification of Listeria monocytogenes on Green Mussels (Perna viridis and Cockle Shell (Anadara granosa

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Winiati Puji Rahayu

2016-12-01

Full Text Available Green mussel (Perna viridis and cockle shell (Anadara granosa are one of many sources of animalprotein which is many cultivated in Indonesia because their price is relatively affordable. This study wasconducted to identify the presence of Listeria monocytogenes in 27 samples of green mussels and 3 samplesof cockle shells using real-time Polymerase Chain Reaction (real-time PCR and biochemical methods. Thetarget gene for amplification in real-time PCR was an hlyA gene because this gene was a determinant ofvirulence genes that produce listeriolysin O. Primers used in this study were forward primer DG69 (GTGCCG GGT AAA AGA CCA TA and reverse primer DG74 (CGC CAC TGA GAT ACT AT and fluorescencesignals indicator using SYBR Green I. The results of analysis using real-time PCR were negative Listeriamonocytogenes in all samples, while using biochemical methods there was one of 30 samples contaminatedby Listeria welshimeri.

Mapping of HABs Contaminated In Green Shells (Perna viridis) in Semarang Bay

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A'in, Churun; Suryanti, Suryanti; Haeruddin, Haeruddin

2018-02-01

The existence of Harmful Algae Blooms (HABs) can adversely affect the water like a mass death of fish and oxygen depletion. Some types of HABs can be contaminated with seafood and contain biotoxins that are detrimental to the health of humans who consume them. Green mussels (Perna viridis) has the properties of filter feeders so vulnerable to contamination HABs. This research was conducted to produce spatially thematic maps contaminated HABs in P. viridis so providing information about risk prediction P. viridis when consumed by humans. Sampling was done purposively in three (3) stations that represent the Bay Semarang namely western boundary waters (Kendal), middle (Semarang) and the eastern boundary (Demak). Sampling done two (2) times, namely East season (June -July) and the second transitional season (September) 2016. Analysis of HABs done either in water or body tissues of P. viridis through the analysis of food habit. The results shows that P. viridis genus positive contaminated HABs phytoplankton Tricodesmium and Ceratium. Spatial distribution and abundance of Tricodesmium genus Fitoplankton is wider and taller than the HABs Phytoplankton genus Ceratium. Group HABs are found in the tissues of P. viridis no potential as biotoxin that does not cause adverse health risks.

Qualitative Assessment and Management of Microplastics in Asian Green Mussels (Perna viridis Cultured in Bacoor Bay, Cavite, Phillipines

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Cristian Ryan Argamino

2016-07-01

Full Text Available Microplastics (> 5 mm have gained popularity in research and the public eye in recent years. This is due to the fact that they contain persistent organic pollutants (POPs which pose potential risks to the environment and human health. Bivalves, which are filter feeders, are considered to be good indicators of marine pollution. In this preliminary study, Asian green mussel (Perna viridis, an example of edible bivalve, cultured in Bacoor Bay, Cavite, Philippines was subjected to qualitative analysis to determine the presence of microplastics. Through microscopic analysis, microplastics were found present in the acid-digested mussel soft tissue. A management program is suggested for policy makers and stakeholders to reduce the negative impact of microplastic pollution to both humans and the marine environment.

Establishing the thermal threshold of the tropical mussel Perna viridis in the face of global warming.

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Goh, B P L; Lai, C H

2014-08-30

With increasing recognition that maximum oxygen demand is the unifying limit in tolerance, the first line of thermal sensitivity is, as a corollary, due to capacity limitations at a high level of organisational complexity before individual, molecular or membrane functions become disturbed. In this study the tropical mussel Perna viridis were subjected to temperature change of 0.4 °C per hour from ambient to 8-36 °C. By comparing thermal mortality against biochemical indices (hsp70, gluthathione), physiological indices (glycogen, FRAP, NRRT) and behavioural indices (clearance rate), a hierarchy of thermal tolerance was therein elucidated, ranging from systemic to cellular to molecular levels. Generally, while biochemical indices indicated a stress signal much earlier than the more integrated behavioural indices, failure of the latter (indicating a tolerance limit and transition to pejus state) occurred much earlier than the other indices tending towards thermal extremities at both ends of the thermal spectrum. Copyright © 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Effect of body size on accumulation and distribution of 125I in the green mussel (Perna Viridis)

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Chen Shunhua; Shi Qiong; Zhao Xiaokui

1997-10-01

Effect of body size on accumulation and distribution of 125 I in the green mussel (Perna Viridis), has been studied. The results showed that concentration capacity of every part in smaller mussels was higher than that in larger ones. Concentration factors of 125 I in byssus (about 0.5 x 10 3 ∼1.5 x 10 3 ), the highest in all parts of the mussels, were 30∼200 times as that in soft tissues, 200∼600 times as that in feet, 600∼1000 times as that in shells. Although wet weight of byssus was no more than 1% of whole body's wet weight, the content of 125 I accumulated in it accounted for as high as 75% of total 125 I content. The relationship between concentration factor of 125 I in byssus and whole body's wet weight (or shell length) can be described as a negative power function. (16 refs., 2 figs., 3 tabs.)

Temporal variations of heavy metals levels in Perna viridis, on the Chacopata-Bocaripo lagoon axis, Sucre State, Venezuela.

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Pinto, Rafael; Acosta, Vanessa; Segnini, Mary Isabel; Brito, Leonor; Martínez, Gregorio

2015-02-28

Perna viridis was used as biomonitor to assess heavy metal levels in the Chacopata-Bocaripo lagoon axis, Venezuela, during rain and drought seasons. The mussels were weighed and measured. The metal concentrations were determined by atomic absorption spectrophotometry. For rain period, the order of bioavailability was: Cu>Ni>Mn>Co>Cd>Pb, and for drought: Cu>Mn>Ni>Co>Pb>Cd. The concentrations of Ni, Co, Cd and Pb showed significant differences (P<0.05) in both periods. There was higher metal accumulation during drought season, possibly related to upwelling, since it produces an increase in primary productivity, which translates more food into organisms, making metals bioavailable for mussels. Only Cu and Mn showed significant relationships between the size and metal concentration, during drought period, it may be because of the organisms need for these essential metals in different physiological processes. Copyright © 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Heavy metal bioaccumulation in the soft tissues of the green mussels, Perna viridis (L.) Bivalve: Mytilacea

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Borbon, V.X.L.

1991-01-01

Untreated agro-industrial and domestic waste continuously being damped along the shores of its surrounding provinces and cities pollute the Manila Bay coastal waters. Presumably, its oyster and mussel culture farms are contaminated with toxic heavy metals. Yet, this alarming signs remain barely investigated. Pollution enhanced, the bioavailability and toxicity of heavy metals threaten the flora and fauna of the aquatic ecosystem. Trace concentrations of toxic elements in the marine food chain can trigger deleterious biochemical, physiological and ecological impact. Known to be bio-accumulated by aquatic organisms, the mean concentrations of Hg, Cd, Pb, Cu, and Zn in the edible tissues of Perna viridis were determined. Water and sediments sampled from the mussel culture farms were also analyzed. Results revealed that despite the apparent pollution, except for Cu and Zn, which registered slightly higher values, Hg, Cd and Pb concentrations were much lower than the maximum permissible limits. Even water and sediments samples tested showed that mean concentrations of these elements were still below sublethal limits. (auth.). 79 refs.; 8 figs.; 13 tabs.; 16 plates

Biochemical biomarker responses of green-lipped mussel, Perna canaliculus, to acute and subchronic waterborne cadmium toxicity

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Chandurvelan, Rathishri, E-mail: rch118@uclive.ac.nz [School of Biological Sciences, University of Canterbury, Private Bag 4800, Christchurch 8140 (New Zealand); Marsden, Islay D., E-mail: islay.marsden@canterbury.ac.nz [School of Biological Sciences, University of Canterbury, Private Bag 4800, Christchurch 8140 (New Zealand); Gaw, Sally, E-mail: sally.gaw@canterbury.ac.nz [Department of Chemistry, University of Canterbury, Private Bag 4800, Christchurch 8140 (New Zealand); Glover, Chris N., E-mail: chris.glover@canterbury.ac.nz [School of Biological Sciences, University of Canterbury, Private Bag 4800, Christchurch 8140 (New Zealand)

2013-09-15

Highlights: •Biochemical biomarkers were measured to assess effects of Cd on Perna canaliculus. •Biochemical responses varied between acute and subchronic exposure to Cd. •MTLP induction correlated strongly with Cd accumulation. •Alkaline phosphatase and glycogen levels decreased during subchronic Cd exposure. •Duration of Cd exposure influenced biochemical biomarker responses in mussels. -- Abstract: The biochemical responses of the green-lipped mussel, Perna canaliculus, to waterborne cadmium (Cd) were investigated in order to delineate toxic mechanisms, and the impacts of exposure dose and duration, of this important toxicant in a potential sentinel species. Mussels were exposed for either 96 h (acute: 0, 2000, 4000 μg L{sup −1} Cd) or for 28 d (subchronic: 0, 200, 2000 μg L{sup −1} Cd), and the digestive gland, gill and haemolymph were examined for impacts. Biochemical responses measured included those associated with metal detoxification (metallothionein-like protein; MTLP), oxidative stress (catalase, lipid peroxidation), cellular homeostasis (alkaline phosphatase, Na{sup +}, K{sup +}-ATPase; NKA), and energy utilisation (glycogen, haemolymph protein). Following acute exposure, digestive gland glycogen and gill NKA activity were significantly altered by Cd exposure relative to levels in mussels exposed to Cd-free seawater. Subchronic Cd exposure resulted in a significant increase in MTLP levels in both the gill and the digestive gland. This increase was correlated strongly with the levels of Cd accumulation measured in these tissues (R = 0.957 for gill, 0.964 for digestive gland). Catalase activity followed a similar pattern, although the correlation with tissue Cd accumulation was not as strong (R = 0.907 for gill, 0.708 for digestive gland) as that for MTLP. Lipid peroxidation increased in the digestive gland at Days 7 and 14 at both subchronic Cd levels tested, but this effect had largely dissipated by Days 21 and 28 (with the exception of

Habitat degradation correlates with tolerance to climate-change related stressors in the green mussel Perna viridis from West Java, Indonesia.

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Wendling, Carolin Charlotte; Huhn, Mareike; Ayu, Nurina; Bachtiar, Ramadian; von Juterzenka, Karen; Lenz, Mark

2013-06-15

It is unclear whether habitat degradation correlates with tolerance of marine invertebrates to abiotic stress. We therefore tested whether resistance to climate change-related stressors differs between populations of the green mussel Perna viridis from a heavily impacted and a mostly pristine site in West Java, Indonesia. In laboratory experiments, we compared their oxygen consumption and mortality under lowered salinity (-13 and -18 units, both responses), hypoxia (0.5 mg/l, mortality only) and thermal stress (+7 °C, mortality only). Mussels from the eutrophied and polluted Jakarta Bay showed a significantly smaller deviation from their normal oxygen consumption and higher survival rates when stressed than their conspecifics from the unaffected Lada Bay. This shows that human induced habitat degradation correlates with mussel tolerance to environmental stress. We discuss possible mechanisms - e.g. the selection of tolerant genotypes or habitat-specific differences in the nutritional status of the mussels - that could explain our observation. Copyright © 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Kelayakan Kualitas Perairan Sekitar Mangrove Center Tuban Untuk Aplikasi Alat Pengumpul Kerang Hijau (Perna viridis L.

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Syarifah Hikmah Julinda Sari

2015-04-01

Full Text Available The coastal waters around the Mangrove Center Tuban, East Java is a potential habitat for the green mussel (Perna viridis L.. Therefore, the water quality of this area need to be assessment. The study was aimed to determine the feasibility of water quality in coastal water f Mangrove Center Tuban for application collecting gear of green mussels. The sampling was conducted by set up three stations randomly in studied area. Parameters was measured including temperature, pH, salinity, DO, depth, turbidity, BOD and TSS. The results showed that the coastal waters around the Mangrove Center Tuban, owned temperature that ranged from 29.10 to 30.67 0C, the pH ranged from 8.23 to 8.37, salinity ranged from 26.87 to 30.30 ‰, DO fall in the range of 6,63- 6.87 mg / L, the water depth at the time of measurement ranges from 40-85 cm. TSS ranged from 206.2 mg / L to 353.7 mg / L, BOD value between 4.05 to 12.2 mg / L, while the turbidity ranged from 134 to 400 NTU. Parameters that below the standard namely temperature, pH, DO, salinity and BOD, while TSS and turbidity were exceed the threshold quality standards set by the government.

Parasites and pathological condition in Green mussel Perna viridis Linnaeus, 1758 from western Johor Straits, Malaysia

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Azmi, Nur-Fauzana; Ghaffar, Mazlan Abd.; Cob, Zaidi Che

2018-04-01

This study describes the parasites and pathological condition of infected organ of the green mussel Perna viridis from Merambong Shoal, Western Johor Straits, Malaysia. Samples were collected randomly in November and December 2013. Histopathology techniques using Masson's Trichrome staining protocol were performed and the thin sections were observed under light microscope. Result showed that gonad was the most infected organ followed by the digestive tubule, adductor muscle, intestine and mantle tissue. The parasites (apicomplexa) such as spore-like Nematopsis, macrogamont-like coccidian, mature oocyst-like coccidian, unidentified coccidian and protozoan were found in the adductor muscle, gonad and mantle. Meanwhile, the pathological conditions were found in all infected organs except the gill, such as particular melanin deposits in cytoplasm, Rickettsia-like or Chlamydiae organism and bacteria-like inclusions. Haemocytic infiltrations were found in the surrounding connective tissues of all infected organs. However, these light infections are not causing morbidity and mortalityof the green mussel P.viridis. This study provides baseline information on health profile of the green mussel P.viridis. Further investigations are needed particularly on parasite species identification and their ecology. Understanding of the morphology and pathology of parasites infecting mollusks are very important for management of the resources.

Detection of Cryptosporidium oocysts in green mussels (Perna viridis) from shell-fish markets of Thailand.

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Srisuphanunt, M; Wiwanitkit, Viroj; Saksirisampant, W; Karanis, P

2009-09-01

Mussels filter large volumes of water and can concentrate pathogenic organisms, which may act as potential vehicles of transmission to the consumer. A survey study was carried out to investigate the presence of Cryptosporidium protozoan parasites in green mussels (Perna viridis), the smussles pecies most destined for consumption in Thailand. In total, 56 samples were examined from Bangkok (n = 24) and Samut Prakan (n = 32) a wholesale shell-fish markets located at the mouth of the Chao Phraya River. The market for green mussels was closed to the mussel culture placed along the coastal line and this localization may have significant economical impact if the mussels' cultures are found contaminated. Cryptosporidium spp. oocysts were detected by the immunofluorescence antibody method (IFA) in 12.5% of the samples examined. The detection of Cryptosporidium oocysts in green mussels' population of Samut Prakan was higher (15.6%) than in Bangkok market (8.3%). These differences in positive samples from the two locations may be caused by physical, ecological and anthropogenic conditions. This could relay to different contamination levels of marine water by Cryptosporidium oocysts and consequently to contamination of harvested shellfish populations. The results demonstrate that the Cryptosporidium spp. oocysts were found indigenous in mussels from the coastal line of Thailand, indicating that mussels may act as a reservoir of Cryptosporidium foodborne infections for humans.

Detection of Cryptosporidium oocysts in green mussels (Perna viridis from shell-fish markets of Thailand

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Srisuphanunt M.

2009-09-01

Full Text Available Mussels filter large volumes of water and can concentrate pathogenic organisms, which may act as potential vehicles of transmission to the consumer. A survey study was carried out to investigate the presence of Cryptosporidium protozoan parasites in green mussels (Perna viridis, the smussles pecies most destined for consumption in Thailand. In total, 56 samples were examined from Bangkok (n = 24 and Samut Prakan (n = 32 a wholesale shell-fish markets located at the mouth of the Chao Phraya River. The market for green mussels was closed to the mussel culture placed along the coastal line and this localization may have significant economical impact if the mussels’ cultures are found contaminated. Cryptosporidium spp. oocysts were detected by the immunofluorescence antibody method (IFA in 12.5% of the samples examined. The detection of Cryptosporidium oocysts in green mussels’ population of Samut Prakan was higher (15.6% than in Bangkok market (8.3%. These differences in positive samples from the two locations may be caused by physical, ecological and anthropogenic conditions. This could relay to different contamination levels of marine water by Cryptosporidium oocysts and consequently to contamination of harvested shellfish populations. The results demonstrate that the Cryptosporidium spp. oocysts were found indigenous in mussels from the coastal line of Thailand, indicating that mussels may act as a reservoir of Cryptosporidium foodborne infections for humans.

MODULACIÓN DE LA SINTESIS DE METALOTIONINAS EN Perna viridis PREEXPUESTOS A COBRE Y EXPUESTOS A CADMIO | MODULATION OF METALLOTHIONEIN SYNTHESIS IN Perna viridis PRE EXPOSED TO COPPER AND EXPOSED TO CADMIUM

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Marín Lemus,

2014-02-01

Full Text Available The metallothioneins (Mts have been used as biomarkers because toxic metals such as Hg, Cd, Cu can induce their synthesis; however, environmental factors and the presence of other xenobiotics can determine the magnitude of the response in future exposures to metal ions. Metallothionein concentration was determinate in the soft tissue of Perna viridis juveniles pre-exposed to Cu and exposed to Cd (Cu/Cd for 21 days. For this, three experimental groups were established: exposed to Cd, pre-exposed to Cu and exposed to Cd and the control group (no metal. Cadmium accumulation in tissues of P. viridis was significantly higher in pre-exposed organisms to Cu, with an average value of 6.6 ± 1.9 mg/g, while in those exposed to Cd, was 4.7 ± 2.4 mg/g. Mts concentrations were also higher in the Cu/Cd experimental group, with a value of 1.36 ± 0.52 mg/g in relation to those exposed to Cd which had a value of 0.79 ± 0.47 mg/g. The relationship between Mts and bioaccumulation of Cd was significant in the group exposed to Cd, but not in the exposed Cu/Cd. These results suggest that Cu possibly acted as an inducer of Mts in the body, which led to increased accumulation of Cd in P. viridis and increase in Mts concentration. Tolerance and bioaccumulation of Cd in P. viridis was determined by previous exposure of the organism and hence its response on levels of MTs also depends on it.

Teneurs en Plomb, Cadmium, Mercure et Zinc relevées dans la ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

, Hg) in the flesh of mussels Perna perna The sampling of the mussels Perna perna was carried out in spring, summer and autumnal period collected from 3 stations located in the gulf near rejections (urban, industrial, agricultural) and from a ...

Avaliação da analgesia de opioide tópico em úlcera de perna de paciente falcêmico Evaluation of the topical application of opioid analgesia for a leg ulcer of a sickle cell disease patient

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Alexandre F. Neves

2010-01-01

Full Text Available A doença falciforme é caracterizada por apresentar várias alterações clinicas e fisiopatológicas nos pacientes que por ela são acometidos. Uma dessas alterações é presença de úlceras de perna dolorosas e de difícil cicatrização, sendo necessário o apoio de equipe multiprofissional no seu manejo e tratamento. Com o objetivo de reduzir a dor associada a úlcera de perna, o paciente falcêmico faz uso de opioides parenterais e enterais que normalmente estão associados a efeitos colaterais indesejados. Com o objetivo de reduzir o uso desses opioides sistêmicos, avaliamos um gel de morfina, de fácil manipulação e baixo custo, que foi utilizado antes e após o processo de troca de curativo das úlceras de perna dos pacientes falcêmicos atendidos em nossa instituição. Baseados na escala analógica da dor foi avaliado o efeito analgésico do gel em 28 pacientes. Todos apresentavam dor grau 7 ou 8 antes da aplicação do gel. Vinte e quatro pacientes (85,7% apresentaram total ausência de dor por um período de 24 horas, não sendo necessário o uso de analgésicos sistêmicos. Em três pacientes (10,7% a ausência de dor durou um periodo de 12horas. Somente um paciente (3,6% não relatou analgesia apos o uso do gel. Os resultados demonstraram que o gel é altamente eficaz no controle da dor das úlceras de perna de pacientes falcêmicos.Sickle cell disease is characterized by several clinical and pathophysiological changes including painful leg ulcers. These are difficult to heal and require the support of a multidisciplinary team in their management. The treatment of pain in these patients usually involves the use of opioids. In order to reduce the use of systemic opioids, we evaluated an easy-to-use low-cost morphine gel (0.12% that was applied before and after changing leg ulcer dressings of sickle cell patients treated in Hemorio hospital. Based on the Analogue Pain Scale (APS we evaluated the analgesic effect of the gel with

Spatiotemporal variations in metal accumulation, RNA/DNA ratio and energy reserve in Perna viridis transplanted along a marine pollution gradient in Hong Kong.

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Yeung, Jamius W Y; Zhou, Guang-Jie; Leung, Kenneth M Y

2017-11-30

We examined spatiotemporal variations of metal levels and three growth related biomarkers, i.e., RNA/DNA ratio (RD), total energy reserve (Et) and condition index (CI), in green-lipped mussels Perna viridis transplanted into five locations along a pollution gradient in the marine environment of Hong Kong over 120days of deployment. There were significant differences in metal levels and biomarker responses among the five sites and six time points. Mussels in two clean sites displayed better CI and significantly lower levels of Ag, Cu, Pb and Zn in their tissues than the other sites. Temporal patterns of RD in P. viridis were found to be site-specific. Across all sites, Et decreased in P. viridis over the deployment period, though the rate of decrease varied significantly among the sites. Therefore, temporal variation of biomarkers should be taken to consideration in mussel-watch programs because such information can help discriminate pollution-induced change from natural variation. Copyright © 2017 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Biological Carbon Dioxide Assimilation Process Using Marine Phytoplankton Tetraselmis suecica and Bivalve Perna viridis

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Sirichai Dharmvanij

2012-01-01

Full Text Available The Biological CO2 assimilation process using marine phytoplankton and marine bivalve was evaluated by carbon assimilation of the green mussel Perna viridis fed with Tetraselmis suecica under laboratory condition. Incorporation of carbon dioxide into phytoplankton biomass was performed through aeration. The experiment consisted of three treatments i.e. mussels without feeding (Control, mussels fed with T. suecica cultured with air (Treatment 1: T-Air, and mussels fed with T. suecica cultured with 1.5% CO2 in air (Treatment 2: T-CO2. The results showed that growth of mussels in T-Air and T-CO2 was 22.4 ± 4.0 mg/individual/day and 28.9 ± 12.3 mg/individual/day, respectively, which was significantly higher than control (mussels without feeding. Growth of mussels in T-Air was significantly lower than in T-CO2. Carbon content in shell (15.59 ± 0.57 % D.W. and meat (38.28 ± 1.72 % D.W. of mussels fed with aerated T. suecica (T-Air was significantly higher than that found in mussels fed with 1.5% CO2 T. suecica (14.2 ± 0.47 and 36.61± 0.43 % D.W. in shell and in meat, respectively (p≤0.05. With T-Air, 1.95±0.27 and 9.36±1.24% of carbon from T. suecica cells was assimilated into shell and meat of the mussel, respectively, while in T-CO2 , carbon assimilation from T. suecica cells in shell and meat was 2.19±0.55 and 11.22±2.76% respectively.

NMR-based metabolomic studies on the toxicological effects of cadmium and copper on green mussels Perna viridis

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Wu Huifeng; Wang Wenxiong

2010-01-01

Traditional toxicology studies have focused on selected biomarkers to characterize the biological stress induced by metals in marine organisms. In this study, a system biology tool, metabolomics, was applied to the marine mussel Perna viridis to investigate changes in the metabolic profiles of soft tissue as a response to copper (Cu) and cadmium (Cd), both as single metal and as a mixture. The major metabolite changes corresponding to metal exposure are related to amino acids, osmolytes, and energy metabolites. Following metal exposure for 1 week, there was a significant increase in the levels of branched chain amino acids, histidine, glutamate, glutamine, hypotaurine, dimethylglycine, arginine and ATP/ADP. For the Cu + Cd co-exposed mussels, the levels of lactate, branched chain amino acid, succinate, and NAD increased, whereas the levels of glucose, glycogen, and ATP/ADP decreased, indicating a different metabolic profile for the single metal exposure groups. After 2 weeks of exposure, the mussels showed acclimatization to Cd exposure based on the recovery of some metabolites. However, the metabolic profile induced by the metal mixture was very similar to that from Cu exposure, suggesting that Cu dominantly induced the metabolic disturbances. Both Cu and Cd may lead to neurotoxicity, disturbances in energy metabolism, and osmoregulation changes. These results demonstrate the high applicability and reliability of NMR-based metabolomics in interpreting the toxicological mechanisms of metals using global metabolic biomarkers.

Relationship of Genetics and Cs-137 in Asian Green Mussel (Perna viridis from Nuclear Activities in Asia-Pacific Region

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Wanwiwa Tumnoi

2017-03-01

Full Text Available This study focuses on the relationship of genetics and Cs-137 radiation doses in Asian green mussel (Perna viridis collected from Chonburi province, Thailand. They might accumulate the radiocaesium from the nuclear power plants in the Asia-Pacific region including the Fukushima-Daiichi nuclear power plant via their routine or accidental releases. The radiation doses, estimated using ERICA Tool in the bivalves categorized into 3 different size classes including 4-6, 6-8, and 8-10 cm, were below 0.02 nGy/h. In parallel, Micronucleus test and Comet assay were used to investigate genetic responses in the mussels. They revealed minimum micronucleus frequency (MNF and %Tail DNA varying from 1.80-2.90% and 1.36-1.70%, respectively. The result indicates that neither particular accumulation of Cs-137 nor genetic responses among different size classes of the animals were observed. Furthermore, the radiation doses in the mussels were below the dose limit of 10 µGy/h. Therefore, no radiation effect caused by Cs-137 was found and it was also confirmed by minimal genetic damages. Data obtained can be used as site-specific data for radiological dose and impact assessment and as baseline data to establish the national radiation safety levels to protect Thai marine biota from any possible future nuclear accidents.

Biomonitoring of Mercury Contamination at Petroleum Production Platforms in the Gulf of Thailand using Transplanted Green Mussel, Perna viridis

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Chatree Ritthong

2011-01-01

Full Text Available Assessment of mercury contamination was conducted using transplanted green mussels (Perna viridis. Mussels were first exposed to HgCl2 at 0.5, 1.0, 2.5, and 5.0 nmol/L for 8 weeks at laboratory conditions. The result showed that Hg level in the water decreased rapidly, while Hg in mussels increased coincidentally with the applied doses. After 8 weeks the Hg, levels in tissue were a thousand-fold higher than that in the water. Mussels were then transplanted to 3 petroleum production platforms for field study. The result revealed that survival and growth rates of transplanted mussels at all 3 stations were in close to each other but significantly lower than that from the reference site. Hg concentrations in the tissues of transplanted mussels ranged from less than 0.010 to 0.173 µg/g, and Hg concentrations in mussel tissues from all stations were significantly increased within 2 months, while Hg levels in mussel tissues from reference site were not changed. Hg levels of transplanted mussels increased with increasing depths of the water. The transplanted mussels showed no signs of any physical anomalies, indicating that transplanted mussels could be maintained for up to 3 months in an un-natural habitat, such as petroleum production platforms, where food is much less abundant.

Depuration Study of Heavy Metal Lead (Pb) and Copper (Cu) in Green Mussels Perna viridis through Continues-discontinues and Acid Extraction Methods

Science.gov (United States)

Budiawan; Bakri, Ridla; Cahaya Dani, Intan; Handayani, Sri; Ade Kurnia Putri, Rizki; Tamala, Riska

2018-01-01

Green mussel or Perna viridis is filter feeder, which is very susceptible to heavy metals. It takes an effort to release heavy metal contents on the green shell, one of method that can be used to release heavy metal from green shell is depuration proccess. In this research, the depuration process was conducted by continues method of depuration, discontinues method by using various kind of water and acid extraction. The optimum time of continues depuration method is 1.5 hours, with circulation speed 250 L/h and result of Pb metal content decreased is equal to 30.048% and 29.748% for Cu. In the discontinues method, the optimum result was reached at 100oC by using PAM water as the media at 3 h immersion period with decrease of Pb metal content 35.001% and Cu metal content 39.015%. In the acid extraction method, the optimum condition was achieved by 11% acetic acid solvent with decreasing of Pb and Cu levels are 88.224% and 76.298%. For the determination of protein content, the decrease of protein content obtained by treatment with 11% acetic acid extract showed decrease of protein content 36.656% with Kjeldahl method.

The effects PCSO-524?, a patented marine oil lipid and omega-3 PUFA blend derived from the New Zealand green lipped mussel (Perna canaliculus), on indirect markers of muscle damage and inflammation after muscle damaging exercise in untrained men: a randomized, placebo controlled trial

OpenAIRE

Mickleborough, Timothy D; Sinex, Jacob A; Platt, David; Chapman, Robert F; Hirt, Molly

2015-01-01

Background The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the effects of PCSO-524?, a marine oil lipid and n-3 LC PUFA blend, derived from New Zealand green- lipped mussel (Perna canaliculus), on markers of muscle damage and inflammation following muscle damaging exercise in untrained men. Methods Thirty two untrained male subjects were randomly assigned to consume 1200?mg/d of PCSO- 524? (a green-lipped mussel oil blend) or placebo for 26 d prior to muscle damaging exercise (downhill runni...

Screening for negative effects of candidate ascidian antifoulant compounds on a target aquaculture species, Perna canaliculus Gmelin.

Science.gov (United States)

Cahill, Patrick Louis; Heasman, Kevin; Hickey, Anthony; Mountfort, Douglas; Jeffs, Andrew; Kuhajek, Jeannie

2013-01-01

The natural chemical compounds radicicol, polygodial and ubiquinone-10 (Q10) have previously been identified as inhibitors of metamorphosis in ascidian larvae. Accordingly, they have potential as a specific remedy for the costly problem of fouling ascidians in bivalve aquaculture. In this study, these compounds were screened for their effects on the physiological health of an aquaculture species, the green-lipped mussel, Perna canaliculus Gmelin, at or above the 99% effective dose (IC(99)) in ascidians. Three physiological biomarkers of mussel health were screened: growth (increases in shell height and wet weight), condition (condition index) and mitochondrial respirational function (Complex I-mediated respiration, Complex II-mediated respiration, maximum uncoupled respiration, leak respiration, respiratory control ratios and phosphorylation system control ratios). While polygodial and Q10 had no effect on mussel growth or the condition index, radicicol retarded growth and decreased the condition index. Mitochondrial respirational function was unaffected by radicicol and polygodial. Conversely, Q10 enhanced Complex I-mediated respiration, highlighting the fundamental role of this compound in the electron transport system. The present study suggests that polygodial and Q10 do not negatively affect the physiological health of P. canaliculus at the IC(99) in ascidians, while radicicol is toxic. Moreover, Q10 is of benefit in biomedical settings as a cellular antioxidant and therefore may also benefit P. canaliculus. Accordingly, polygodial and Q10 should be progressed to the next stage of testing where possible negative effects on bivalves will be further explored, followed by development of application techniques and testing in a laboratory and aquaculture setting.

Waterborne cadmium impacts immunocytotoxic and cytogenotoxic endpoints in green-lipped mussel, Perna canaliculus

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Chandurvelan, Rathishri, E-mail: rch118@uclive.ac.nz [School of Biological Sciences, University of Canterbury, Private Bag 4800, Christchurch 8140 (New Zealand); Marsden, Islay D., E-mail: islay.marsden@canterbury.ac.nz [School of Biological Sciences, University of Canterbury, Private Bag 4800, Christchurch 8140 (New Zealand); Gaw, Sally, E-mail: sally.gaw@canterbury.ac.nz [Department of Chemistry, University of Canterbury, Private Bag 4800, Christchurch 8140 (New Zealand); Glover, Chris N., E-mail: chris.glover@canterbury.ac.nz [School of Biological Sciences, University of Canterbury, Private Bag 4800, Christchurch 8140 (New Zealand)

2013-10-15

Highlights: •Cadmium (Cd) significantly altered the proportional composition of haemocytes. •Subchronic exposure increased nuclear aberrations in gill cells. •Branchial nuclear aberrations correlated significantly with gill Cd accumulation. •Cd induced DNA damage in haemocytes. -- Abstract: Mussels are sentinel species that can be used to monitor coastal metal pollution through the application of biomarkers. Among the several important metal toxicants in coastal settings, cadmium (Cd) is of particular concern, being a non-essential metal that is known to cause harmful impacts in aquatic organisms at low concentrations. The aim of the present study was to examine the immunocytotoxic and cytogenotoxic effects of Cd on the green-lipped mussel, Perna canaliculus, under laboratory conditions. The acute (96 h; 0, 2000 and 4000 μg Cd L{sup −1}) and subchronic (28 d; 0, 200 and 2000 μg Cd L{sup −1}) toxic effects of waterborne Cd were measured in haemocytes and gill cells using differential haemocyte cell count, the micronucleus test and the comet assay. During subchronic exposure to Cd the relative counts of eosinophils and hyalinocytes increased significantly in Cd-exposed mussels while the proportion of basophils decreased. All of these effects were time- and concentration-dependent. Conversely, the relative numbers of basophils and eosinophils increased significantly during acute Cd exposure. Nuclear aberrations such as the formation of micronuclei, nuclear buds, fragmented-apoptotic cells and binuclei were observed in gill cells of Cd-exposed mussels. All of these parameters increased significantly at 2000 μg Cd L{sup −1} during subchronic exposure to Cd, and all showed a strong and significant correlation to gill Cd accumulation. Comet assay results demonstrated a significant increase in DNA damage in the haemocytes of mussels exposed to subchronic Cd concentrations. The results indicate that Cd has the capacity to induce immune system and genotoxic

Déficit bilateral nos movimentos de flexão e extensão de perna e flexão do cotovelo Déficit bilateral en los movimientos de flexion y extension de la pierna y flexion del codo Bilateral deficit in leg flexion and extension and elbow flexion movements

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Christianne Pereira Giesbrecht Chaves

2004-12-01

Full Text Available Os exercícios resistidos (ER podem ser realizados de forma uni e bilateral. O objetivo foi comparar a carga máxima (CM na flexão e extensão de perna e flexão de cotovelo isoladamente e entre a soma desses dois resultados com aquele desenvolvido simultaneamente pelas duas pernas e dois braços, respectivamente. Foram submetidos 60 indivíduos ao exercício de flexão e extensão de perna e a flexão de cotovelo ao teste de 1RM. Os resultados para os movimentos de flexão e extensão de perna e flexão de cotovelo esquerdos e direitos na CM - 31,6 (± 7,9, 32,0 (± 8,0, 20,2 (± 9,2, 20,2 (± 9,8, 29,3 (± 13,9 e 29,8 (± 14,1 kg, respectivamente - mostraram-se similares (p > 0,05 e fortemente associados (r = 0,96, 0,96 e 0,98. Comparando a soma dos valores unilaterais com os da execução bilateral, a CM apresentou uma diferença significativa para os movimentos de extensão de perna (p = 0,04 e flexão de cotovelo (p = 0,03; o mesmo não foi observado no movimento de flexão de perna (p = 0,75. Esse resultado pode ser explicado pelo menor incremento de carga - dois quilos e meio - neste último movimento em relação aos dois movimentos anteriores - cinco quilos. Apesar de a maioria dos sujeitos ser destra, não houve diferenças unilaterais na CM, embora nem todos fossem treinados. A soma dos resultados unilaterais foi maior em 9,8% e 4,0% para os movimentos de extensão da perna e flexão de cotovelo, respectivamente, daquele obtido bilateralmente, mostrando, provavelmente, uma limitação central na coordenação motora de um movimento complexo feito em máxima velocidade e com carga elevada. No entanto, no movimento de flexão de perna, a soma dos resultados unilaterais foi inferior à dos bilaterais (-0,6%, apresentando uma possível aprendizagem do movimento e adaptação ao treinamento com pesos a partir de 12 semanas.Los ejercícios resistidos (ER pueden ser realizados de forma uni y bilateral. El objetivo fué comparar la carga m

Antifouling activity of the methanolic extract of Syringodium isoetifolium, and its toxicity relative to tributyltin on the ovarian development of brown mussel Perna indica.

Science.gov (United States)

Iyapparaj, P; Revathi, P; Ramasubburayan, R; Prakash, S; Anantharaman, P; Immanuel, G; Palavesam, A

2013-03-01

The present study evaluated reproductive toxicity and antifouling activity of methanolic extract of seagrass Syringodium isoetifolium (25 μg/ml) relative to the conventional antifoulant, tributyltin (TBT; 100 ng/l) on the ovarian development of the brown mussel Perna indica. Gonado Somatic Index (GSI) and Digestive Gland Index (DGI) of TBT exposed mussels decreased in comparison with mussels exposed to S. isoetifolium extract. Interestingly, mussels treated with S. isoetifolium showed normal cellular architecture in gills, digestive gland, muscle and ovary. However, TBT increased interfilamental space and fusion of the filaments in gills, disruption in the digestive tubules and reduction in basement membrane thickness. Besides in adductor muscle, TBT induced muscle degeneration, and necrotic muscle layer. In ovary, TBT inflicted the fusion of developing oocytes. TBT had significantly retarded the ovarian development and substantially affected the biochemical constituents leading to an impairment of oogenesis as against the null effects noticed from the S. isoetifolium extract treated mussels. On the ground of eco-friendly properties, the seagrass S. isoetifolium could be used as a source for the production of green antifoulant. Copyright © 2012 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Porównanie wpływu stosowania kompleksu lipidowego PCSO-524™ z Perna canaliculus oraz oleju z ryb na intensywność bólu odczuwanego przez pacjentów z chorobą zwyrodnieniową stawów kolanowych i/lub biodrowych

OpenAIRE

Marek Zawadzki; Jacek Szechiński

2011-01-01

Cel: Porównanie wpływu zażywania opatentowanego, stabilizowanego CO2 oleju z nowozelandzkich małży zielonych Perna canaliculus(PCSO-524™) oraz oleju z ryb [zawierającego standaryzowanąmieszaninę kwasu eikozapentaenowego (eicosapentaenoicacid – EPA) – 18%, i kwasu dokozaheksaenowego (docosahexaenoicacid – DHA) – 12%] na łagodzenie bólu, zmiany w wyznacznikachjakości życia i bezpieczeństwo u pacjentów z chorobą zwyrodnieniowąstawów kolanowych i/lub biodrowych.Materiały i metody: U 50 pacjentów ...

Short Communication Further refutation of the primary-secondary ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

The primary-secondary settlement hypothesis, that mussels first settle in algae and then move to mussel beds, was rejected as the only mode of recruitment for the brown mussel Perna perna in a previous study at one location over one year on the south coast of South Africa. We investigated recruitment of P. perna into ...

Paralytic Shellfish Poisoning (PSP in Margarita Island, Venezuela

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Amelia La Barbera-Sánchez

2004-09-01

Full Text Available A severe outbreak of Paralytic Shellfish Poisoning (PSP occurred in Manzanillo and Guayacán, northwestern coast of Margarita Island, Venezuela, between August and October 1991. A bloom of dinoflagellates including Prorocentrum gracile, Gymnodinium catenatum and Alexandrium tamarense seemed to be responsible for this outbreak. Levels of PSP toxins in mussels (Perna perna exceeded the international safety limit of saxitoxin, 80 µg STX/100 g meat. PSP toxin values varied between 2 548 and 115 µg STX/100 g meat in Manzanillo, and between 1 422 and 86 µg STX/100 g meat in Guayacán. At both locations, the highest levels were detected in August, when 24 patients exhibited typical symptoms of PSP toxicity after consuming cooked mussels (16 required hospitalization. A high pressure liquid chromatographic (HPLC procedure was recently used on the 1991 samples. The major toxin detected in samples of both locations was decarbamoyl saxitoxin (dcSTX, but low concentrations of saxitoxin were also found in Manzanillo samples. Gonyautoxins GTX1, GTX2 and GTX3 were detected only at Guayacán, while in both locations, decarbamoylgonyatouxin (dcGTX2,3 toxins were detected. These findings represent the first time that causative toxins of PSP in Venezuela have been chemically identified, and confirm the presence of dcSTX and dcGTX in mussels from the Caribbean Sea. The presence of dcSTX and dcGTX in shellfish is indicative that Gymnodinium catenatum was a causative organism for outbreak of PSPUn severo brote de intoxicación paralizante por moluscos (PSP en inglés ocurrió en Manzanillo y Guayacán en la costa noroeste de la Isla de Margarita, Venezuela entre agosto y octubre de 1991. Una proliferación de Prorocentrum gracile, Gymnodinium catenatum y Alexandrium tamarense causó el brote. Los niveles de PSP en mejillón (Perna perna superaron los niveles máximos permisibles de saxitoxina, 80 µg STX/100g carne. Los niveles de toxinas variaron entre 2 548 y 115

Physicochemical Properties and Sensory Evaluation of Wheat-Purple Rice Biscuits Enriched with Green-Lipped Mussel Powder (Perna canaliculus and Spices

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Warinporn Klunklin

2018-01-01

Full Text Available Biscuits are one of the most consumed bakery products eaten by everyone. Purple rice contains much higher levels of antioxidants, vitamins, and minerals such as iron and zinc compared to wheat. The aim of this work was to produce a protein-rich biscuit made from purple rice flour and defatted green-lipped mussel powder (Perna canaliculus (0–20% blended with ginger and galangal spices at 4% for each spice. The objective was to produce an inexpensive, balanced, healthy snack product containing increased levels of protein and antioxidants from the mussel powder and to investigate the consumer preferences of these biscuits using the four different ethnic groups (Thai, Chinese, Caucasian, and Pacific Islanders living in New Zealand. The addition of the mussel powder increased the crude protein content by 43% and the protein digestibility by 21% at the highest level of inclusion. The addition of mussel powder significantly (p<0.05 increased the hardness of biscuits while making small increases in the browning index of the cooked biscuit. The phenolic contents and antioxidant activities (DPPH and ABTS were significantly (p<0.05 increased as additional amounts of mussel powder were incorporated into the biscuit mix, resulting in a reduction in the total starch contents. The addition of 10% mussel powder to the control biscuit mix was accepted by all the ethnic groups. Overall, the Pacific Islanders showed a higher appreciation for all the attributes tested.

Linking trace element variations with macronutrients and major cations in marine mussels Mytilus edulis and Perna viridis.

Science.gov (United States)

Liu, Fengjie; Wang, Wen-Xiong

2015-09-01

Marine mussels have long been used as biomonitors of contamination of trace elements, but little is known about whether variation in tissue trace elements is significantly associated with those of macronutrients and major cations. The authors examined the variability of macronutrients and major cations and their potential relationships with bioaccumulation of trace elements. The authors analyzed the concentrations of macronutrients (C, N, P, S), major cations (Na, Mg, K, Ca), and trace elements (Al, V, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, As, Se, Mo, Cd, Ba, Pb) in the whole soft tissues of marine mussels Mytilus edulis and Perna viridis collected globally from 21 sites. The results showed that 12% to 84% of the variances in the trace elements was associated with major cations, and the tissue concentration of major cations such as Na and Mg in mussels was a good proxy for ambient seawater concentrations of the major cations. Specifically, bioaccumulation of most of the trace elements was significantly associated with major cations, and the relationships of major cations with trace cations and trace oxyanions were totally opposite. Furthermore, 14% to 69% of the variances in the trace elements were significantly associated with macronutrients. Notably, more than half of the variance in the tissue concentrations of As, Cd, V, Ba, and Pb was explained by the variance in macronutrients in one or both species. Because the tissue macronutrient concentrations were strongly associated with animal growth and reproduction, the observed coupling relationships indicated that these biological processes strongly influenced the bioaccumulation of some trace elements. The present study indicated that simultaneous quantification of macronutrients and major cations with trace elements can improve the interpretation of biomonitoring data. © 2015 SETAC.

Fototerapia (LEDs 660/890nm no tratamento de úlceras de perna em pacientes diabéticos: estudo de caso Phototherapy (LEDs 660/890nm in the treatment of leg ulcers in diabetic patients: case study

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Débora Garbin Minatel

2009-07-01

Full Text Available Avaliou-se a fototerapia na cicatrização de úlceras de perna (UP mistas em dois pacientes diabéticos (tipo 2, hipertensos. O aparelho apresentava sonda 1 (S1 (1 LED de 660nm, 5mW aplicado em 3 UP e sonda 2 (S2 (32 LEDs de 890nm e 4 LEDs de 660nm, 500mW em 6 UP. Após antissepsia,úlceras foram tratadas com sondas a 3J/cm2, 30seg, 2x/semana seguido pelo curativo diário com sulfadiazina de prata a 1% por 12 semanas. Pela análise com software Image J®, as UP com S2 tiveram índices de cicatrização médios de 0,6; 0,7 e 0,9 enquanto S1 foi de 0,2; 0,4 e 0,6 no 30º, 60º e 90º dias, respectivamente. A fototerapia acelerou a cicatrização das úlceras de perna em pacientes diabéticos.This study evaluated the use of phototherapy in the healing of mixed leg ulcers in two diabetic patients (type 2 with arterial hypertension. The device had probe 1 (one 660nm LED, 5mW applied in 3 ulcers and probe 2 (32 890nm LEDs associated with 4 660nm LEDs, 500mW in 6 ulcers. After asepsis, ulcers were treated with probes to 3 J/cm2, 30sec per point, twice a week, followed by topical daily dressing with 1% silver sulphadiazine during 12 weeks. The following analyses of ulcers with software Image J showed that probe 2 presented mean healing rates of 0.6; 0.7 and 0.9, whereas probe 1 had 0.2;0.4 and 0.6 at 30, 60 and 90 days, espectively. Phototherapy accelerated wound healing of leg ulcers in diabetic patients.

Image analysis method to quantify the effect of different treatments on the visual meat/shell ratio of half-shelled green lipped mussels (Perna canaliculus).

Science.gov (United States)

Kim, Min Geun; Alçiçek, Zayde; Balaban, Murat O; Atar, Hasan Huseyin

2014-04-01

Aquacultured green lipped mussel (Perna canaliculus) is the New Zealand export leader of seafood in terms of weight. Different treatments shrink mussel meat differently and affect the consumer perception of half-shelled mussels. In order to quantify this, digital images of half-shelled green lipped mussels subjected to two postharvest treatments (ultrahigh pressure (UHP) and heat treatment (HT)) and raw controls were taken. The ratio of the view area of the meat to that of the shell (labelled as 'visual condition index' (VCI)) was measured using image analysis. A polygonal region of interest was defined on the image to depict the boundary of the meat and to calculate the view area. Raw mussels had a VCI of 85%. HT mussels had a much reduced VCI of 41%, indicating shrinkage of the meat due to heat. UHP treatment used as a shucking method resulted in a VCI of 83%. Since VCI is one measure of quality for the consumer, this quantitative method can be used in the optimization of shucking treatment (HT or UHP). VCI can be used to optimize postharvest treatments to minimize meat shrinkage. This method can also be applied to other shellfish such as oysters and clams. © 2013 Society of Chemical Industry.

Detection of metal induced cytopathological alterations and DNA damage in the gills and hepatopancreas of green mussel Perna viridis from Ennore Estuary, Chennai, India

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Vasanthi, Lourduraj A.; Revathi, Peranandam; Babu Rajendran, Ramaswamy; Munuswamy, Natesan

2017-01-01

This study report the impact of heavy metals on cytopathology and DNA damage in the gills and hepatopancreas of Perna viridis collected from Ennore estuary and the Kovalam coastal waters. Principal Component Analysis (PCA) showed significant differences among all variables at the scale of plots. The ultrastructural alterations such as lack of microvilli, distorted mitochondria, electron dense particles and the presence of large mucous droplets were common in the gill and hepatopancreatic cells of mussels from Ennore estuary. However, the gill and hepatopancreatic cells of P. viridis from Kovalam revealed normal compartmentalization of cells. The percentage of tail DNA in the mussels from Ennore estuary was recorded as 12.44 and 10.14% in the gills and hepatopancreas respectively. Overall, it has been demonstrated that the Comet and cytopathological assays are useful biomarkers to assess the level of pollution and it provide reliable information on ecotoxicology and genotoxicology of coastal waters. - Highlights: • Bioaccumulation of heavy metals was studied in P. viridis from Ennore estuary. • Heavy metal accumulation leads to severe cellular and DNA damage. • Comet assay and cytopathology proved to be a biomarker in ecotoxicology. • The data justifies the need of remedial measures along Ennore Estuary.

Phosphorus-uranium relationship in phosphorites from Mejillones and Bahia Inglesa-Chile

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Rojo L, M; Rivera S, E

1985-04-01

This work shows the statistical relationship between phosphorous and uranium for the most important Chilean phosphatic ore deposits, Mejillones (II Region) and Bahia Inglesa (III Region). Geochemical data showed that the Mejillones phosphorites have a lognormal character and its correlation coefficient is 0.85. Phosphatic ore deposit at Bahia Inglesa, has a similar distribution, but in this case the correlation coefficient is smaller, about 0.81. It is concluded that the genetic relation between phosphorous and uranium at the Mejillones phosphates is closer than those of Bahia Inglesa being more economically feasible.

Phosphorus-uranium relationship in phosphorites from Mejillones and Bahia Inglesa-Chile

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Rojo L, M.; Rivera S, E.

1985-01-01

This work shows the statistical relationship between phosphorous and uranium for the most important Chilean phosphatic ore deposits, Mejillones (II Region) and Bahia Inglesa (III Region). Geochemical data showed that the Mejillones phosphorites have a lognormal character and its correlation coefficient is 0.85. Phosphatic ore deposit at Bahia Inglesa, has a similar distribution, but in this case the correlation coefficient is smaller about 0.81. It is concluded that the genetic relation between phosphorous and uranium at the Mejillones phosphates is more closer than those of Bahia Inglesa being this more economically feasible. (Author)

Variationas of 210Po Activity in Mussels (Perna viridis) of Samut Sakhon and Its Contribution to Dose Assessment

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Porntepkasemsan, B; Srisuksawad, K.; Permnamtip, V.

2014-01-01

Levels of 210 Po and its effective dose in green mussel (Perna viridis) collected from mussel farming area at the Samut Sakhon province during the period of 2012-2013 are presented. Several parameters including maximum shell length and the physiological performance of mussels using condition index and physical properties of seawater (pH, salinity, conductivity, TDS, DO and cation-anion elements) were measured. Each individual mussel was measured on its maximum shell length which was adopted as size class. The activity concentration of 210Po was determined spectroscopically through its 5.30 MeV alpha particle emission, using 209 Po as an internal tracer. The 210 Po activity concentration in mussels was found to vary between 1.044 and 6.951 Bq.kg-1 wet weight. The 210 Po concentration was higher in smaller sized classes (>35 mm) and lowest in larger ones (40-70 mm). This confirms that larger mussels have lower 210Po levels on a weight basis. The 210 Po body burden (activity per mussel) ranged from 1.035 to 17.183 mBq. Contrary to the 210 Po concentrations, results of the body burden revealed the lower activities in smaller sized mussels (>35 mm) and the higher in larger sized ones (40-70 mm). The type of fluctuations observed with 210 Po concentrations are interpreted as a seasonal effect. Total annual effective 210 Po dose due to mussel consumption was calculated to be in the range of 3.081 to 16.401 μSv. Based on the international guideline, the average dose calculated due to 210 Po in mussels of Samut Sakhon would not pose any significant radiological impact on human health and the mussels are considered to be safe for intake.

Toxicological effects of benzo(a)pyrene, DDT and their mixture on the green mussel Perna viridis revealed by proteomic and metabolomic approaches.

Science.gov (United States)

Song, Qinqin; Chen, Hao; Li, Yuhu; Zhou, Hailong; Han, Qian; Diao, Xiaoping

2016-02-01

Benzo(a)pyrene (BaP) and dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT) are persistent organic pollutants and environmental estrogens (EEs) with known toxicity towards the green mussel, Perna viridis. In this study, the toxic effects of BaP (10 µg/L) and DDT (10 µg/L) and their mixture were assessed in green mussel gills with proteomic and metabolomic approaches. Metabolic responses indicated that BaP mainly caused disturbance in osmotic regulation by significantly decrease in branched chain amino acids, dimethylamine and dimethylglycine in gills of male green mussels after exposure for 7 days. DDT mainly caused disturbance in osmotic regulation and energy metabolism by differential alteration of betaine, dimethylamine, dimethylglycine, amino acids, and succinate in gills of male green mussels. However, the mixture of BaP and DDT didn't show obvious metabolite changes. Proteomic analysis showed different protein expression profiles between different treatment groups, which demonstrated that BaP, DDT and their mixture may have different modes of action. Proteomic responses revealed that BaP induced cell apoptosis, disturbance in protein digestion and energy metabolism in gills of green mussels, whereas DDT exposure altered proteins that were associated with oxidative stress, cytoskeleton and cell structure, protein digestion and energy metabolism. However, the mixture of BaP and DDT affected proteins related to the oxidative stress, cytoskeleton and cell structure, protein biosynthesis and modification, energy metabolism, growth and apoptosis. Copyright © 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

De novo assembly and comparative transcriptome analysis of the foot from Chinese green mussel (Perna viridis in response to cadmium stimulation.

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Xinhui Zhang

Full Text Available The Chinese green mussel, Perna viridis, is a marine bivalve with important economic values as well as biomonitoring roles for aquatic pollution. Byssus, secreted by the foot gland, has been proved to bind heavy metals effectively. In this study, using the RNA sequencing technology, we performed comparative transcriptomic analysis on the mussel feet with or without inducing by cadmium (Cd. Our current work is aiming at providing insights into the molecular mechanisms of byssus binding to heavy metal ions. The transcriptome sequencing generated a total of 26.13-Gb raw data. After a careful assembly of clean data, we obtained a primary set of 105,127 unigenes, in which 32,268 unigenes were annotated. Based on the expression profiles, we identified 9,048 differentially expressed genes (DEGs between Cd treatment (50 or 100 μg/L at 48 h and the control, suggesting an extensive transcriptome response of the mussels during the Cd stimulation. Moreover, we observed that the expression levels of 54 byssus protein coding genes increased significantly after the 48-h Cd stimulation. In addition, 16 critical byssus protein coding genes were picked for profiling by quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR. Finally, we reached a primary conclusion that high content of tyrosine (Tyr, cysteine (Cys, histidine (His residues or the special motif plays an important role in the accumulation of heavy metals in byssus. We also proposed an interesting model for the confirmed byssal Cd accumulation, in which biosynthesis of byssus proteins may play simultaneously critical roles since their transcription levels were significantly elevated.

Jüri 22 ärihoone-elamu - Võru esimene pilvelõhkuja / Ivi Laatsit

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

Laatsit, Ivi

2004-01-01

1923. a. arhitekt Artur Perna (1881-1940) projekti järgi valminud Tarvitajate Ühisuse Põllumees uuest hoonest ja selle ajaloost. Lühidalt 2001. a. Ilmar Jalase projekteeritud Wõro Kommertsi ärihoonest ja Artur Perna biograafilised andmed

Rendimentos no corte e na desossa manual parcial de carcaças resfriadas comerciais de frango (Gallus gallus)

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Graner, Murilo

1987-01-01

Carcaças resfriadas comerciais de frango foram subdividadas, obtendo-se quatro cortes: peito, coxas e pernas, dorso e asas. O peito e as coxas e pernas foram desossados, obtendose as seguintes partes: carne (branca ou escura), gordura, pele e ossos. Do dorso foram separadas pele e gordura e das asas pele e a carne da coxinha. O rendimento percentual médio no corte diferiu pouco para o peito e o conjunto de coxas e pernas, que totalizaram 60% do peso da carcaça. Na obtenção de carne branca (do...

The architecture and fine structure of gill filaments in the brown ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

The architecture and fine structure of gill filaments in the brown mussel, Perna perna. MA Gregory' ... exhibit many of the characteristics which are widely sought in sentinel ... tion surveys (Gardner, Connell, Eagle, Moldan, Oliff, Orren ..... From the undifferentiated cell/lateral cell interface to the cen- .... amorphous material.

Perfil de lípidos y ácidos grasos de Perna viridis, mejillón verde (Mollusca: Bivalvia en el oriente venezolano y la costa oeste de Trinidad

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Tamar Koftayan

2011-03-01

Full Text Available Los lípidos totales fueron extraídos, identificados y cuantificados por gravimetría, mediante TLC/FID (sistema Iatroscan. Los ácidos grasos de los lípidos totales, fosfolípidos y triacilgliceroles fueron identificados y cuantificados por cromatografía de gases. Las mayores concentraciones de lípidos totales se presentaron en las muestras de Los Cedros, La Brea y Chaguaramas con valores de 7.92, 7.74 y 7.53%; respectivamente y los valores mínimos en las de La Restinga (6.08%. En la composición lípidica, las muestras de Chacopata presentaron la menor concentración de fosfolípidos (48.86% y los máximos valores de colesterol (38.87% y triacilgliceroles (12.26%, y las muestras de La Esmeralda y Río Caribe exhibieron concentraciones máximas de fosfolípidos (88.71-84.93%, respectivamente y mínimas de colesterol (6.50-4.42%. En los lípidos totales, los ácidos grasos saturados se encontraron entre 15.04 y 65.55%, con máximos en muestras de La Esmeralda y mínimos en Chacopata y los poliinsaturados estuvieron entre 7.80 y 37.18%, con máximos valores en la Brea y mínimos en la Esmeralda. En los fosfolípidos, la concentración de ácidos grasos saturados estuvo entre 38.81 y 48.68% para las muestras de Chaguaramas y Chacopata, respectivamente; los ácidos grasos poliinsaturados se encontraron entre no detectado y 34.51%, con altas concentraciones en muestras de Los Cedros (27.97% y Chaguaramas (34.51%. En los triacilgliceroles, la composición de ácidos grasos saturados variaron entre 14.27 y 53.80%, con baja concentración en Chacopata y alta concentración en La Restinga; los ácidos grasos poliinsaturados estuvieron entre 4.66 y 35.55%, con valores menores en las muestras de Chacopata (4.66% y mayores en Chaguaramas. El consumo frecuente de Perna viridis es recomendable, debido a su alto contenido de fosfolípidos y ácidos grasos insaturados.Lipid and fatty acid profile of Perna viridis, Green Mussel (Mollusca: Bivalvia in

First report of Phoronis ovalis from Africa and its effect on mussel hosts

African Journals Online (AJOL)

Phoronis ovalis in Namibia leaves characteristic burrows in its hosts (0.2 mm diameter), primarily the native brown mussel Perna perna. In all, eight additional host species were identified, including one barnacle, four gastropods and three bivalves. The distribution of P. ovalis was strictly subtidal, where it reached 99% ...

Diet composition and breeding cycle of blacktail, Diplodus sargus ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

Ulva sp., Perna perna and Balanu,spp. were prefered species. A new index for ranking prey items, which combines the modified points method and the frequency of occurrence method, is suggested. It is especially useful for omnivorous fish where prey items sucl as seaweed and colonial organisms are difficult to ...

Subsistence and recreational mussel (Perna perna) collecting in ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

tional collectors are subject to a daily bag limit of 50 mussels and so select ... in subsistence collecting at Kosi Bay is required, but the limited access policy should ... in India (P. viridis and P. indica), Indonesia (P. viridis) and ...... by women in Palau, Micronesia. ... Inshore marine resources and associated opportunities for.

Subsistence and recreational mussel ( Perna perna ) collecting in ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

Natal. The former collect 200–2501 of mussels annually from about 110 km of rocky shore and the latter 12–501 from 3 km of rocky shore. Recreational collectors are subject to a daily bag limit of 50 mussels and so select larger mussels than ...

Síndrome das pernas inquietas com herança autossômica dominante piorada pelo uso de mirtazapina: relato de caso Worsening of autosomal dominant restless legs syndrome after use of mirtazapine: case report

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Hélio A.G. Teive

2002-12-01

Full Text Available Relatamos o caso de uma paciente de 78 anos, com diagnóstico estabelecido de síndrome das pernas inquietas (SPI, de etiologia primária com herança autossômica dominante. A paciente apresentava quadro depressivo associado. Enfatiza-se a piora do quadro clínico da SPI após o uso de anti-depressivo com ação inibidora seletiva da recaptação de serotonina (mirtazapina, com atenuação dos sintomas após a retirada da droga, e a excelente resposta terapêutica com o uso de agonista dopaminérgico (pramipexol em baixa dose.We report the case of a 78 years old female patient with primary restless legs syndrome (RLS with an autosomal dominant pattern of inheritance. In addition, the patient also had depression. We emphasize the worsening of symptoms of RLS after the use of a selective serotonin uptake inhibitor (mirtazapine, with improvement after the drug was discontinued, and an excellent recovery with the use of low dose dopaminergic agonist (pramipexol.

Human dietary exposure to heavy metals via the consumption of greenshell mussels (Perna canaliculus Gmelin 1791) from the Bay of Islands, northern New Zealand

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Whyte, Adele L.H.; Raumati Hook, G.; Greening, Gail E.; Gibbs-Smith, Emma; Gardner, Jonathan P.A.

2009-01-01

Cadmium (Cd), mercury (Hg), arsenic (As), lead (Pb) and tin (Sn) concentrations were determined using ICP-MS in soft tissues (wet wt.) from whole greenshell mussels (Perna canaliculus) collected from Urapukapuka-Rawhiti Island, Opua Marina, Waitangi Bridge and Opua Wharf from the Bay of Islands, northern New Zealand (NZ). All samples had metal concentrations well below the Food Standards Australia and New Zealand (FSANZ) maximum limits and were comparable to, or less than, concentrations observed in previous NZ studies. Based on the average values detected in the current study, the concentrations of heavy metals ingested in a 'typical diet' containing greenshell mussels are below the provisional tolerable weekly intake (PTWI). However, Maori (indigenous people of New Zealand), Pacific Islanders and Asians consume a far greater quantity of seafood (and therefore heavy metals) than the general public of New Zealand and could potentially consume enough shellfish to exceed the PTWI for Cd (but not for Hg, As, Pb or Sn). Although our results, based on the current PTWIs, indicate no significant health risk to greenshell mussel consumers in this region, PTWIs change over time; concentrations which were thought to be safe are later found to be harmful. Additionally, differences in individual human susceptibilities to various toxins could increase the risk of harm for consumers with low tolerance to heavy metals. We suggest that a survey of the frequency, amount and species consumed by groups whose diet may be largely shellfish-based is required to enable a more comprehensive risk assessment to be made.

Density, recruitment and growth performance of Asian green mussel (Perna viridis in Marudu Bay, Northeast Malaysian Borneo, three years after a massive mortality event

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Afizah Mohd Taib

2016-12-01

Full Text Available Density, recruitment and growth performance of Asian green mussel (Perna viridis in a particular coastal marine environment can be affected by many factors, including environmental change, pollution, disease outbreak and massive mortality event. The present study was conducted to determine the density, recruitment and growth performance of farmed Asian green mussel in Marudu Bay, three years after a mass mortality event. The study was carried out for 12 months between April 2013 and March 2014. The length frequency data of 1,308 individuals of green mussel were analyzed using the latest version of the FAO-ICLARM Fish Stock Assessment Tools (FiSAT II. The result showed that the green mussel recruitment in Marudu Bay occurs throughout the year with two major peaks i.e. February and July which coincided with the monsoon seasons. The asymptotic length (L∞, growth coefficient (K and growth performance index (φ’ of the farmed Asian green mussel in Marudu Bay are relatively high at 113.4 mm, 1.7 year-1 and 4.34, respectively. However, despite good culture location, the settlement density of green mussel in the bay was low. We suspected that the low settlement density could be influenced by the ecological effects due to the long term suspension of the culture substrates and the physiochemical properties of the water in Marudu Bay. Nevertheless, chlorophyll-á measurement alone was not able to justify if food scarcity has resulted in high mortality of the farmed Asian green mussel in Marudu Bay.

African Zoology - Vol 20, No 1 (1985)

African Journals Online (AJOL)

The fine structure of the sperm and spermatid differentiation in the brown mussel Perna perna · EMAIL FREE FULL TEXT EMAIL FREE FULL TEXT DOWNLOAD FULL ... The fish community of East Cape tidal pools and an assessment of the nursery function of this habitat · EMAIL FREE FULL TEXT EMAIL FREE FULL TEXT

Modification of trace metal accumulation in the green mussel Perna viridis by exposure to Ag, Cu, and Zn

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Shi Dalin; Wang Wenxiong

2004-01-01

To examine the Cd, Hg, Ag, and Zn accumulation in the green mussel Perna viridis affected by previous exposure to Cu, Ag, or Zn, the dietary metal assimilation efficiency (AE) and the uptake rate from the dissolved phase were quantified. The mussel's filtration rate, metallothionein (MT) concentration, and metal tissue burden as well as the metal subcellular partitioning were also determined to illustrate the potential mechanisms underlying the influences caused by one metal pre-exposure on the bioaccumulation of the other metals. The green mussels were pre-exposed to Cu, Ag, or Zn for different periods (1-5 weeks) and the bioaccumulation of Cd, Hg, Ag, and Zn were concurrently determined. Pre-exposure to the three metals did not result in any significant increase in MT concentration in the green mussels. Ag concentration in the insoluble fraction increased with increasing Ag exposure period and Ag ambient concentration. Our data indicated that Cd assimilation were not influenced by the mussel's pre-exposure to the three metals (Cu, Ag, and Zn), but its dissolved uptake was depressed by Ag and Zn exposure. Although Hg assimilation from food was not affected by the metal pre-exposure, its influx rate from solution was generally inhibited by the exposure to Cu, Ag, and Zn. Ag bioaccumulation was affected the most obviously, in which its AE increased with increasing Ag tissue concentration, and its dissolved uptake decreased with increasing tissue concentrations of Ag and Cu. As an essential metal, Zn bioaccumulation remained relatively stable following the metal pre-exposure, suggesting the regulatory ability of Zn uptake in the mussels. Zn AE was not affected by metal pre-exposure, but its dissolved uptake was depressed by Ag and Zn pre-exposure. All these results indicated that the influences of one metal pre-exposure on the bioaccumulation of other metals were metal-specific due to the differential binding and toxicity of metals to the mussels. Such factors should

Cheating the Locals: Invasive Mussels Steal and Benefit from the Cooling Effect of Indigenous Mussels.

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Justin A Lathlean

Full Text Available The indigenous South African mussel Perna perna gapes during periods of aerial exposure to maintain aerobic respiration. This behaviour has no effect on the body temperatures of isolated individuals, but when surrounded by conspecifics, beneficial cooling effects of gaping emerge. It is uncertain, however, whether the presence of the invasive mussel Mytilus galloprovincialis limits the ability of P. perna for collective thermoregulation. We investigated whether varying densities of P. perna and M. galloprovincialis influences the thermal properties of both natural and artificial mussel beds during periods of emersion. Using infrared thermography, body temperatures of P. perna within mixed artificial beds were shown to increase faster and reach higher temperatures than individuals in conspecific beds, indicating that the presence of M. galloprovincialis limits the group cooling effects of gaping. In contrast, body temperatures of M. galloprovincialis within mixed artificial mussel beds increased slower and exhibited lower temperatures than for individuals in beds comprised entirely of M. galloprovincialis. Interestingly, differences in bed temperatures and heating rates were largely dependent on the size of mussels, with beds comprised of larger individuals experiencing less thermal stress irrespective of species composition. The small-scale patterns of thermal stress detected within manipulated beds were not observed within naturally occurring mixed mussel beds. We propose that small-scale differences in topography, size-structure, mussel bed size and the presence of organisms encrusting the mussel shells mask the effects of gaping behaviour within natural mussel beds. Nevertheless, the results from our manipulative experiment indicate that the invasive species M. galloprovincialis steals thermal properties as well as resources from the indigenous mussel P. perna. This may have significant implications for predicting how the co-existence of

Can the shell of the green-lipped mussel Perna viridis from the west coast of Peninsular Malaysia be a potential biomonitoring material for Cd, Pb and Zn?

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Yap, C. K.; Ismail, A.; Tan, S. G.; Abdul Rahim, I.

2003-07-01

The distributions of Cd, Pb and Zn in the total soft tissues and total shells of the green-lipped mussel Perna viridis were studied in field collected samples as well as from laboratory experimental samples. The results showed that Cd, Pb and Zn were readily accumulated in the whole shells. In mussels sampled from 12 locations along the west coast of Peninsular Malaysia, the ratios of the shell metals to the soft tissue metals were different at each sampling site. Nevertheless, the Cd and Pb levels in the shells were always higher than those in the soft tissues, while the Zn level was higher in the soft tissues than in the shells. In comparison with soft tissues, the degrees of variability for Pb and Cd concentrations in the shells were lower. The lower degrees of variability and significant ( Pwork showed that the pattern of depuration in the shell was not similar to that of the soft tissue although their patterns of accumulation were similar. This indicated that the depuration of heavy metals in the shell was not affected by the physiological conditions of the mussels. Although Zn could be regulated by the soft tissue, the incorporated Cd, Pb and Zn remained in the shell matrices. The present results support the use of the total shell of P. viridis as a potential biomonitoring material for long-term contamination of Cd, Pb and Zn.

Reseeding of mussels on denuded rocky shores: preliminary studies ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

A method is developed to establish clumps of mussels Perna perna in denuded areas on high-energy rocky shores on the south-east coast of South Africa. A total of 20 small (20–30 mm total length) mussels is placed under a 30 cm half-section of perforated PVC drainage pipe bolted to the rock surface. The pipe is left in ...

Relação da idade óssea com antropometria e aptidão física em jovens praticantes de voleibol

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Suzet de Araujo Tinoco Cabral

2016-03-01

Full Text Available Resumo O estudo teve como objetivo correlacionar a idade óssea, os componentes antropométricos e a aptidão física em 149 crianças de 8 a 14 anos. Foram aferidos estatura, massa corporal, perímetros de braço e de perna, perímetros de braço e de perna corrigidos, diâmetros bicristailíaco e biacromial, dobras cutâneas tricipital e perna, teste motores de agilidade, velocidade de membros superiores e força explosiva de membros inferiores e superiores e o exame de raios X de mão e punho para verificar maturação. Nos resultados, encontramos correlação positiva entre a idade óssea e as demais variáveis, com exceção das dobras cutâneas tricipital, de perna e teste de agilidade. Dessa forma, verificamos a influência da maturação sobre componentes antropométricos e motores. Assim, possibilitamos uma melhor forma de controle dos processos de detecção, seleção e orientação esportiva.

Love thy neighbour: group properties of gaping behaviour in mussel aggregations.

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Katy R Nicastro

Full Text Available By associating closely with others to form a group, an animal can benefit from a number of advantages including reduced risk of predation, amelioration of environmental conditions, and increased reproductive success, but at the price of reduced resources. Although made up of individual members, an aggregation often displays novel effects that do not manifest at the level of the individual organism. Here we show that very simple behaviour in intertidal mussels shows new effects in dense aggregations but not in isolated individuals. Perna perna and Mytilus galloprovincialis are gaping (periodic valve movement during emersion and non-gaping mussels respectively. P. perna gaping behaviour had no effect on body temperatures of isolated individuals, while it led to increased humidity and decreased temperatures in dense groups (beds. Gaping resulted in cooler body temperatures for P. perna than M. galloprovincialis when in aggregations, while solitary individuals exhibited the highest temperatures. Gradients of increasing body temperature were detected from the center to edges of beds, but M. galloprovincialis at the edge had the same temperature as isolated individuals. Furthermore, a field study showed that during periods of severe heat stress, mortality rates of mussels within beds of the gaping P. perna were lower than those of isolated individuals or within beds of M. galloprovincialis, highlighting the determinant role of gaping on fitness and group functioning. We demonstrate that new effects of very simple individual behaviour lead to amelioration of abiotic conditions at the aggregation level and that these effects increase mussel resistance to thermal stress.

Contribution to the study of radioactivity in marine organisms

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Santos Gouvea, R. de C. dos; Santos, P.L. dos

1986-01-01

The bioaccumulation of natural radionuclides in marine organisms along the Rio de Janeiro coast was studied. Significant levels of 210 Po were found in the edible bivalve Perna perna linnaeus, 1758. The level of 210 Po in the soft tissue of bivalves collected along the Ponta Negra rock there was three times higher than that of similar organisms collected near Boa Viagem. (M.A.C.) [pt

Toxic effects of male Perna viridis gonad exposed to BaP, DDT and their mixture: A metabolomic and proteomic study of the underlying mechanism.

Science.gov (United States)

Song, Qinqin; Zheng, Pengfei; Qiu, Liguo; Jiang, Xiu; Zhao, Hongwei; Zhou, Hailong; Han, Qian; Diao, Xiaoping

2016-01-05

Benzo(a)pyrene and dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane are typical persistent organic pollutants, and also the widespread environmental estrogens with known toxicity towards green mussels Perna viridis. In this study, the toxicological effects of BaP and DDT and their mixture were assessed in green mussel gonads using proteomic and metabolomic approaches. Metabolomics by NMR spectroscopy revealed that BaP did not show obvious metabolite changes in the gonad of male green mussel. DDT mainly caused some disturbance of osmotic regulation and energy metabolism by changing BCAAs, alanine, threonine, arginine, etc., unknown metabolite (3.53 ppm), glycine, homarine and ATP at different levels. However, the mixture of BaP and DDT mainly caused some disturbance in osmotic regulation and energy metabolism by differentially altering branched chain amino acids, glutamate, alanine, arginine, unknown metabolite (3.53 ppm), glycine, 4-aminobutyrate, dimethylglycine, homarine and ATP. The results suggest that DDT alone may cause most of metabolites changes in the mixture exposed male mussel gonad, and the results also show that the male P. viridis gonad was more sensitive to DDT than BaP exposures. Proteomic study showed that BaP, DDT and their mixture may have different modes of action. Proteomic responses revealed that BaP induced signal transduction, oxidative stress, spermatogenesis, etc. in the male green mussel gonad; whereas DDT exposure altered proteins that were associated with signal transduction, oxidative stress, cytoskeleton and cell structure, cellular organization, energy metabolism, etc. However, the mixture of BaP and DDT affected proteins related to cytoskeleton and cell structure, oxidative stress, cellular organization, etc. This research demonstrated that metabolomic and proteomic approaches could better elucidate the underlying mechanism of environmental pollutants gonad toxicity. Copyright © 2015 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.

Oxygenation variability in Mejillones Bay, off northern Chile, during the last two centuries

Science.gov (United States)

Díaz-Ochoa, J. A.; Pantoja, S.; de Lange, G. J.; Lange, C. B.; Sánchez, G. E.; Acuña, V. R.; Muñoz, P.; Vargas, G.

2011-01-01

The Peru Chile Current ecosystem is characterized by high biological productivity and important fisheries. Although this system is likely to be severely affected by climate change, its response to current global warming is still uncertain. In this paper, we analyze 10-166 year-old sediments in two cores collected from Mejillones Bay, an anoxic sedimentary setting favorable for the preservation of proxies. Based on a 166-year chronology, we used proxies of bottom-water oxygenation (Mo, V, S, and the (lycopane + n-C35)/n-C31 ratio) and surface water productivity (biogenic opal, counts of diatom valves, biogenic Ba, organic carbon, and chlorins) to reconstruct environmental variations in Mejillones Bay. During the last two centuries, a shift took place in the coastal marine ecosystem of Bahia Mejillones at decadal scales. This shift was characterized by intense ENSO-like activity, large-scale fluctuations in biological export productivity and bottom water oxygenation, and increased eolian activity (inferred from Ti/Al and Zr/Al). This short-term variability was accompanied by a gradual increase of sulfidic conditions that has intensified since the early 1960s.

Occurrence of chlorinated pesticides in mussels of Guanabara Bay, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Xavier de Brito, A.P.; De Andrade Bruening, I.M.R.; Moreira, I.; Loureiro, I.

1999-01-01

Present work investigates the contamination of some chlorinated pesticides in common mussels (Perna perna) from the Guanabara Bay. These mussels can be found in several points near the entrance of the Bay, where they either grow naturally or are cultivated by fishermen which make their living of this activity. Five collecting areas were studied and the concentrations of eight pesticides, namely HCB, γ-HCH, total DDT, DDD and DDE, Aldrin, Dieldrin and Endrin were determined

Oxygenation variability in Mejillones Bay, off northern Chile, during the last two centuries

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J. A. Díaz-Ochoa

2011-01-01

Full Text Available The Peru Chile Current ecosystem is characterized by high biological productivity and important fisheries. Although this system is likely to be severely affected by climate change, its response to current global warming is still uncertain. In this paper, we analyze 10–166 year-old sediments in two cores collected from Mejillones Bay, an anoxic sedimentary setting favorable for the preservation of proxies. Based on a 166-year chronology, we used proxies of bottom-water oxygenation (Mo, V, S, and the (lycopane + n−C₃₅/n−C₃₁ ratio and surface water productivity (biogenic opal, counts of diatom valves, biogenic Ba, organic carbon, and chlorins to reconstruct environmental variations in Mejillones Bay. During the last two centuries, a shift took place in the coastal marine ecosystem of Bahia Mejillones at decadal scales. This shift was characterized by intense ENSO-like activity, large-scale fluctuations in biological export productivity and bottom water oxygenation, and increased eolian activity (inferred from Ti/Al and Zr/Al. This short-term variability was accompanied by a gradual increase of sulfidic conditions that has intensified since the early 1960s.

Mercury concentrations in the coastal marine food web along the Senegalese coast.

Science.gov (United States)

Diop, Mamadou; Amara, Rachid

2016-06-01

This paper presents the results of seasonal (wet and dry seasons) and spatial (five sites) variation of mercury concentration in seven marine organisms representative for shallow Senegalese coastal waters and including species of commercial importance. Total mercury levels were recorded in the green algae (Ulva lactuca); the brown mussel (Perna perna); the Caramote prawn (Penaeus kerathurus); and in the liver and muscles of the following fish: Solea senegalensis, Mugil cephalus, Saratherondon melanotheron, and Sardinella aurita. The total selenium (Se) contents were determined only in the edible part of Perna perna, Penaeus kerathurus and in the muscles of Sardinella aurita and Solea senegalensis. Hg concentration in fish species was higher in liver compared to the muscle. Between species differences in Hg, concentrations were recorded with the highest concentration found in fish and the lowest in algae. The spatiotemporal study showed that there was no clear seasonal pattern in Hg concentrations in biota, but spatial differences existed with highest concentrations in sites located near important anthropogenic pressure. For shrimp, mussel, and the muscles of sardine and sole, Hg concentrations were below the health safety limits for human consumption as defined by the European Union. The Se/Hg molar ratio was always higher than one whatever the species or location suggesting a protection of Se against Hg potential adverse effect.

Sonolência diurna excessiva pós-traumatismo de crânio: associação com movimentos periódicos de pernas e distúrbio de comportamento do sono REM: relato de caso Excessive daytime sleepiness after traumatic brain injury: association with periodic limb movements and REM behavior disorder: case report

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Raimundo Nonato D. Rodrigues

2002-09-01

Full Text Available Um homem de 52 anos, procurou o Hospital. Universitário de Brasília com queixa de sono agitado. Sua esposa relatava, desde há cerca de 10 anos, intensa movimentação de membros e agressividade em meio a sonhos violentos. Desde então apresentava sonolência diurna excessiva. Havia relato de traumatismo de crânio há 34 anos e coma de 2 meses de duração. A vídeo-polissonografia revelou comportamento agressivo e agitado durante o sono REM, e movimentos periódicos de pernas. Havia importante sonolência diurna no teste de latências de sono. Foi instituído tratamento com levodopa-benzerazida 100/25 mg à noite. Após 10 semanas de evolução, houve melhora da movimentação noturna global, e desaparecimento dos episódios ligados a sonhos de conteúdo violento. Este caso nos permite analisar a associação entre trauma craniano e alterações nas vias dopaminérgicas (movimentos periódicos das pernas e distúrbio de comportamento do sono REM e revisar a importância dos distúrbios na produção de hipocretina hipotalâmica na fisiopatologia desse quadro clínico.A 52 year-old male patient, had complaint of "restless sleep". His wife informed that for the past ten years the patient had presented intense and aggressive body movements, and sometimes, violent dreams. The patient also complained of excessive daytime sleepiness. His relevant previous medical history included a traumatic brain injury at the age of 28 which left him in coma for two months. A video-polysomnography showed periodic leg movements and, during REM sleep, aggressive and agitated behaviour. The multiple sleep latency test revealed extremely short latencies. Initially, he was treated with levodopa-benzerazide, 100/25 mg, 2 hours before bedtime. After 10 weeks his overnight behaviour pattern improved and leg movements diminished. This case supports the hypothesis of an association between cranial trauma and alterations in the dopaminergic pathways represented by periodic

Potencial de cultivo da macroalga Kappaphycus alvarezii no litoral de Santa Catarina

OpenAIRE

Santos, Alex Alves dos

2014-01-01

Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Centro de Ciências Agrárias, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Aqüicultura, Florianópolis, 2014. Os cultivos da macroalga K. alvarezii em monocultivo ou integrados com moluscos (Crassostrea gigas e Perna perna) podem proporcionar benefícios ambientais e econômicos. Este trabalho avaliou o potencial de cultivo da macroalga Kappaphycus alvarezii no parque aquícola de Santa Catarina. O primeiro trabalho identificou a capacidade do parque e...

Recovery and recruitment of the brown mussel, Perna perna (L.), in ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

1997-09-08

Sep 8, 1997 ... "Ministry of Economic Affairs, Environment and Tourism, Eastern Cape ... both natural and artificial substrata is extremely low, even in marine reserves where standing ... remains one of the preferred species along much of the coast, ..... Figure 6 Spatial variability in setllemenl of plan Ii grades 011 to artifi-.

Recovery and recruitment of the brown mussel, Perna perna (L.), in ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

1997-09-08

Sep 8, 1997 ... both natural and artificial substrata is extremely low, even in marine reserves where standing stock is consider- ably higher than in ... children who utilise low spring tides for this purpose (Bigalke. 1973). Mussels and ..... the Transkei is generally a slow process, requiring at least 8-. 10 years (Dye 1992).

The role of gaping behaviour in habitat partitioning between coexisting intertidal mussels

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Stephens Linda

2010-07-01

Full Text Available Abstract Background Environmental heterogeneity plays a major role in invasion and coexistence dynamics. Habitat segregation between introduced species and their native competitors is usually described in terms of different physiological and behavioural abilities. However little attention has been paid to the effects of behaviour in habitat partitioning among invertebrates, partially because their behavioural repertoires, especially marine benthic taxa, are extremely limited. This study investigates the effect of gaping behaviour on habitat segregation of the two dominant mussel species living in South Africa, the invasive Mytilus galloprovincialis and the indigenous Perna perna. These two species show partial habitat segregation on the south coast of South Africa, the lower and upper areas of the mussel zone are dominated by P. perna and M. galloprovincialis respectively, with overlap in the middle zone. During emergence, intertidal mussels will either keep the valves closed, minimizing water loss and undergoing anaerobic metabolism, or will periodically open the valves maintaining a more efficient aerobic metabolism but increasing the risk of desiccation. Results Our results show that, when air exposed, the two species adopt clearly different behaviours. M. galloprovincialis keeps the shell valves closed, while P. perna periodically gapes. Gaping behaviour increased water loss in the indigenous species, and consequently the risk of desiccation. The indigenous species expressed significantly higher levels of stress protein (Hsp70 than M. galloprovincialis under field conditions and suffered significantly higher mortality rates when exposed to air in the laboratory. In general, no intra-specific differences were observed in relation to intertidal height. The absence of gaping minimises water loss but exposes the invasive species to other stresses, probably related to anoxic respiration. Conclusions Gaping affects tolerance to desiccation, thus

Field Measurements Indicate Unexpected, Serious Underestimation of Mussel Heart Rates and Thermal Tolerance by Laboratory Studies.

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Morgana Tagliarolo

Full Text Available Attempts to predict the response of species to long-term environmental change are generally based on extrapolations from laboratory experiments that inevitably simplify the complex interacting effects that occur in the field. We recorded heart rates of two genetic lineages of the brown mussel Perna perna over a full tidal cycle in-situ at two different sites in order to evaluate the cardiac responses of the two genetic lineages present on the South African coast to temperature and the immersion/emersion cycle. "Robomussel" temperature loggers were used to monitor thermal conditions at the two sites over one year. Comparison with live animals showed that robomussels provided a good estimate of mussel body temperatures. A significant difference in estimated body temperatures was observed between the sites and the results showed that, under natural conditions, temperatures regularly approach or exceed the thermal limits of P. perna identified in the laboratory. The two P. perna lineages showed similar tidal and diel patterns of heart rate, with higher cardiac activity during daytime immersion and minimal values during daytime emersion. Comparison of the heart rates measured in the field with data previously measured in the laboratory indicates that laboratory results seriously underestimate heart rate activity, by as much as 75%, especially during immersion. Unexpectedly, field estimates of body temperatures indicated an ability to tolerate temperatures considered lethal on the basis of laboratory measurements. This suggests that the interaction of abiotic conditions in the field does not necessarily raise vulnerability to high temperatures.

Metals content in surface waters of an upwelling system of the northern Humboldt Current (Mejillones Bay, Chile)

Science.gov (United States)

Valdés, Jorge; Román, Domingo; Alvarez, Gabriel; Ortlieb, Luc; Guiñez, Marcos

Physical-chemical parameters (temperature, salinity, dissolved oxygen, nutrients, and chlorophyll concentration) of surface waters were used to evaluate the influence of biological and physical processes over the metal concentrations (Cd, Ni, V, Mo, Mn, and Fe) in different periods of a normal annual cycle (June 2002 and April 2003), in Mejillones Bay (23° S), one of northern Chile's strongest upwelling cells. Two points were sampled every 2 months, but statistical analysis of these parameters did not show any spatial differences in surface water composition (annual average) in this bay. The order of total and dissolved metals by abundance (annual mean) in the Mejillones Bay surface waters during the sampling period was Cd Oxygen Minimum Zone which characterizes the Mejillones bay should have an important influence on surface distribution of trace metals and can explain the high temporal variability observed in most of the metals analyzed in this work. A two-box conceptual model is proposed to suggest possible influences on metals in surface waters of this coastal ecosystem.

Preparation and characterization of a Perna perna (Linnaeus, 1758) mussel reference material

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Moreira, Edson Goncalves

2010-01-01

The use of certified reference materials in chemical analysis is an important requirement in quality assurance systems, as it allows the validation of analytical methods and the realization of the metrological traceability of results. Then, it is possible to obtain valid and comparable results not only in space, but also in time. In this study, all the steps for the preparation of a national mussel reference material were attained, from the collection of the bulk material to processing steps such as freeze-drying, grinding, bottling and sterilization. Internationally accepted principles were applied for the homogeneity and stability assessment of the material, using instrumental neutron activation analysis and atomic absorption spectrometry as analytical techniques. By means of a collaborative program with participation of Brazilian and foreign laboratories, the chemical characterization of the material was performed. Element content in the mass percentage to mg kg -1 range was determined for 47 elements and some radionuclides, naturally present in the material. With the application of suitable statistical treatment to the data, it was considered that the content of 11 of those elements may be certified: As, Ca, Cl, Co, K, Mg, Mn, Na, Se, Th and Zn. This study may be considered an important step in the national metrological development, as it shows that the production and characterization of biological reference materials, mussel in particular, is feasible in Brazil, as a tool for quality assurance of environmental and nutritional studies performed in the country. (author)

Acroangiodermatite (pseudo-sarcoma de Kaposi

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Azulay Rubem David

2004-01-01

Full Text Available Acroangiodermatite é enfermidade rara, caracterizada por lesões eritêmato-violáceas bem delimitadas que acometem pernas e pés com aspecto semelhante ao do sarcoma de Kaposi. É relatado o caso de paciente do sexo feminino, de 57 anos, com início súbito de lesões eritêmato-violáceas nas pernas sem outras alterações. O caso acrescenta aprendizado por sua dificuldade diagnóstica e reafirma a importância da imuno-histoquímica. Trata-se da publicação do primeiro caso brasileiro.

[Lipid and fatty acid profile of Perna viridis, green mussel (Mollusca: Bivalvia) in different areas of the Eastern Venezuela and the West Coast of Trinidad].

Science.gov (United States)

Koftayan, Tamar; Milano, Jahiro; D'Armas, Haydelba; Salazar, Gabriel

2011-03-01

The species Perna viridis is a highly consumed species, which fast growth makes it an interesting aquaculture alternative for Venezuelan and Trinidad coasts. With the aim to contribute with its nutritional value information, this study analyzed lipid and fatty acid contents from samples taken in five locations from Eastern Venezuela and three from Trinidad West Coast. Total lipids were extracted and quantified, from a pooled sample of 100 organisms per location, by standard gravimetric methods, and their identification and quantification was done by TLC/FID (Iatroscan system). Furthermore, the esterified fatty acids of total lipid, phospholipids and triacylglycerols were identified and quantified by gas chromatography. Eastern Venezuela samples from Los Cedros, La Brea and Chaguaramas showed the highest total lipid values of 7.92, 7.74 and 7.53, respectively, and the minimum values were obtained for La Restinga (6.08%). Among lipid composition, Chacopata samples showed the lowest phospholipid concentration (48.86%) and the maximum values for cholesterol (38.87%) and triacylglycerols (12.26%); besides, La Esmeralda and Rio Caribe samples exhibited maximum phospholipids (88.71 and 84.93 respectively) and minimum cholesterol (6.50 and 4.42%) concentrations. Saturated fatty acids represented between 15.04% and 65.55% within total lipid extracts, with maximum and minimum values for La Esmeralda and Chacopata, respectively. Polyunsaturated results resulted between 7.80 and 37.18%, with higher values in La Brea and lower values in La Esmeralda. For phospholipids, saturated fatty acids concentrations varied between 38.81 and 48.68% for Chaguaramas and Chacopata samples, respectively. In the case of polyunsaturated fatty acids, these varied between non detected and 34.51%, with high concentrations in Los Cedros (27.97%) and Chaguaramas (34.51%) samples. For the triacylglycerols, the saturated fatty acids composition oscillated between 14.27 and 53.80% with low

Architecture and fine structure of gill filaments in the brown mussel, perna perna

CSIR Research Space (South Africa)

Gregory, MA

1996-10-01

Full Text Available attention was paid to filament architecture, enervation of filaments, number and type of cells populating filament epithelia and variations in epithelial cell morphotogy and cilia ultra structure. Filament shape was maintained by thickened chitin...

Síndrome das pernas inquietas: diagnóstico e tratamento. Opinião de especialistas brasileiros Restless legs syndrome: diagnosis and treatment. Opinion of Brazilian experts

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2007-09-01

Full Text Available Este artigo contém as conclusões de reunião de 17-18 de novembro de 2006 do Grupo Brasileiro de Estudo em Síndrome das Pernas Inquietas (GBE-SPI sobre diagnóstico e tratamento de SPI. Reiterou-se que se trata de condição de diagnóstico exclusivamente clínico, caracterizada por sensação anormal localizada, sobretudo, mas não exclusivamente, em membros inferiores, com piora noturna e alívio por movimentação da parte envolvida. Agentes terapêuticos com eficácia comprovada por estudos classe I são agonistas dopaminérgicos, levodopa e gabapentina enquanto que ácido valpróico de liberação lenta, clonazepam, oxicodona e reposição de ferro têm eficácia sugerida por estudos classe II. As recomendações do GBE-SPI para manejo de SPI primária são medidas de higiene do sono, suspensão de agentes agravantes de SPI, tratamento de comorbidades e agentes farmacológicos. Para estes as drogas de primeira escolha são agentes dopaminérgicos; segunda escolha são gabapentina ou oxicodona; e terceira escolha são clonazepam ou ácido valpróico de liberação lenta.This article contains the conclusions of the November 17-18, 2006 meeting of the Brazilian Study Group of Restless Legs Syndrome (GBE-SPI about diagnosis and management of restless legs syndrome (RLS. RLS is characterized by abnormal sensations mostly but not exclusively in the legs which worsen in the evening and are improved by motion of the affected body part. Its diagnosis is solely based on clinical findings. Therapeutic agents with efficacy supported by Class I studies are dopamine agonists, levodopa and gabapentine. Class II studies support the use of slow release valproic acid, clonazepan and oxycodone. The GBE-SPI recommendations for management of SPI are sleep hygiene, withdrawal of medications capable of worsening the condition, treatment of comorbidities and pharmacological agents. The first choice agents are dopaminergic drugs, second choice are gabapentine or

Natural radioactivity in some specimens of the marine biota

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Valle Matta, M.A. do

1980-01-01

Marine environment contamination by natural radionuclides (uranium and 238 U daughters) is evaluated using marine -fauna and flora elements concentrating fission - and radioactivated products released by nuclear facilities. Total alpha and beta radiometry is done in the the biota to determine the radionuclide concentration. Uranium, 226 Ra and 210 PO assay is done to estimate their contribution to natural radioactivity in the chosen biological indicators. Several analytical techniques required by each radionuclide are used. Potassium assay is done to evaluate the contribution of 40 K to the natural radioactivity, and calcium assay to determine Ra/Ca and U/Ca ratios in the samples. For total alpha radiometry in algae the higher average value is detected in Phaeophyta (84.1 pCi/kg fresh weight); maximum concentration in animals is registered in Bunodosoma caissarum (43.1 pCi/kg fresh weight). For algae, the higher average total beta radiometry detected is in Chlorophyta (6.9 nCi/kg fresh weight); the maximum value found in animals refers to Thais Haemastoma (7.54 nCi/kg fresh weight). Potassium higher average ratio for algae occurs in Chlorophyta (12.77% ashes); for animals, the maximum value is found in Bunodosoma caissarum (13.80% ashes). The uranium concentration factor is maximum in Perna perna bissus (684) while the minimum is registered in Thais haemastoma and Sargassum vulgare (44). The 226 Ra concentration factor is maximum in Sargassum vulgare (2143) and minimum in Bunodosoma caissarum (32). Maximum average ratio for 210 PO in algae occurs in Phaephyta (11.5 pCi/g dry weight) and the maximum concentration for animals in Perna perna (31.5 pCi/g dry weight). The techniques employed proved to be efficient for the objectives aimed at. (Author) [pt

Supplementi (3/2015: Atti del workshop "Distretti culturali: esperienze a confronto" / Supplements (3/2015: Workshop proceedings “Cultural districts: comparing experiences”

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Comitato editoriale

2015-08-01

Full Text Available Contributi di: Giovanni Aquilino, Alessio Cavicchi, Mara Cerquetti, Eleonora Cutrini, Stefano Della Torre, Concetta Ferrara, Barbara Fidanza, Alessandro Hinna, Massimo Montella, Roberto Perna

Ecology and culturing of edible bivalves in Goa

Digital Repository Service at National Institute of Oceanography (India)

Parulekar, A.H.; Nair, S.A.; Ansari, Z.A.; Harkantra, S.N.; Chatterji, A.; Ingole, B.S.; Roy, J.M.

Environmental characteristics, growth rate, total production and technically feasible methods for the mass cultivation of Meretrix casta, Paphia malabarica, Villorita cyprinoides, Donax incarnatus, Perna viridis, Modiolus metcalfei and Crassostrea...

Shkola XXI veka

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

2003-01-01

Rekonstrueeriti Tallinna 21. keskkooli ajalooline koolihoone. Lühidalt kooli ehitus- ja ümberehitusloost ning rekonstrueerimiskonkursist. Ehitati 1922-1923, arhitekt A. Perna; rekonstrueerimisprojekti autorid on Raul Järg ja Toomas Korb

Composición elemental y contenido de metales en sedimentos marinos de la bahía Mejillones del Sur, Chile: evaluación ambiental de la zona costera Elemental composition and metal contents in the marine sediments of Mejillones del Sur Bay, Chile: an environmental assessment of the coastal zone

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Jorge Valdés

2009-01-01

Full Text Available Se midió la concentración de carbono total, nitrógeno total, azufre total, materia orgánica, Ni, Cd, Pb, Cu y Zn en sedimentos costeros (10 m de profundidad de columna de agua de ocho sectores de la bahía Mejillones. La composición elemental de los sedimentos sería el resultado de la abundante materia orgánica autóctona presente en este sistema costero. El orden de abundancia de los metales analizados fue: Zn > Cu > Ni > Pb > Cd. La concentración de metales no se explicaría por el contenido de materia orgánica ni la composición granulométrica de los sedimentos costeros. La evaluación del contenido de metales en los sedimentos, mostró que el Ni, Zn y Pb estarían levemente enriquecidos en la actualidad, aún cuando los valores se mantienen dentro de un rango cercano a los niveles preindustriales. El análisis del dendrograma de similitud de los sectores de estudio separó la línea de costa de Mejillones en dos grandes zonas; una asociada a la actividad industrial desarrollada en la bahía, y otra correspondiente al área de desarrollo urbano de Mejillones con características similares a aquellos ambientes libres de actividad antrópica directa.The total carbon, total nitrogen, total sulphur, organic matter, Ni, Cd, Pb, Cu, and Zn concentrations were measured in coastal sediments (10 m water depth at eight stations in Mejillones Bay. The elemental composition of these sediments is a function of the autochthonous organic matter generated in this coastal system. The order of abundance for the metals was: Zn > Cu > Ni > Pb > Cd. The metal content is not explained by the organic matter content or grain size of these coastal sediments. The evaluation of the concentration metals in the sediments showed that Ni, Zn, and Pb are slightly enriched at the present, although with values that are similar to preindustrial concentrations. A cluster analysis of the similarity in the study area separated the Mejillones coast into two main zones

Prokaryotic community composition involved production of nitrogen in sediments of Mejillones Bay

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Moraga, Ruben; Galan, Alexander; Rosello-Mora, Ramon; Araya, Ruben; Valdes, Jorge

2014-01-01

Conventional denitrification and anaerobic ammonium oxidation (anammox) contributes to nitrogen loss in oxygen-deficient systems, thereby influencing many aspects of ecosystem function and global biogeochemistry. Mejillones Bay, northern Chile, presents ideal conditions to study nitrogen removal processes, because it is inserted in a coastal upwelling system, its sediments have anoxia and hypoxia conditions and under the influence of the Oxygen Minimum Zone (OMZ), unknown processes that occur there and what are the microbial communities responsible for their removal. Microbial communities associated with coastal sediments of Mejillones Bay were studied by denaturing gel electrophoresis (DGGE) and fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH), by incubation experiments with 15 N isotope tracers were studied nitrogen loss processes operating in these sediments. DGGE analysis showed high bacterial diversity, certain redundant phylotypes and differences in community structure given by the depth; this reflects the microbial community adaptations to environmental conditions. A large fraction (up to 70%) of DAPI-stained cells hybridized with the bacterial probes. Nearly 52-90% of the cell could be further identified to know phyla. Members of the Cytophaga-Flavobacterium cluster were most abundant in the sediments (13-26%), followed by Proteobacteria. Isotopic tracer experiments for the sediments studied indicated that nitrogen loss processes that predominated were performed by denitrifying communities (43.31-111.20 μMd -1 ) was not possible to detect anammox in the area and not anammox bacteria were detected

Survey of the radioactive background of some specimens of the biota of Rio de Janeiro coastal waters

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Santos, P.L. dos; Santos Gouvea, R. de C. dos; Azevedo Gouvea, V. de.

The natural radioactivity of components known to be bioconcentrators of artificial radionuclides in the coast of Rio de Janeiro was determined by means of sistematical gross alpha and beta radiometry. These data constitute the pre-operational survey, determining the radioactivity levels of these organisms and permiting to establish basic values and their temporal variations, which will serve as a referencial for the detection of eventual increases in the radioactivity introduced in the marine environment during the operational phase of nuclear power plants. Uranium and Potassium were also measured in some samples. The maximum and minimum values obtained after six years of experiment, analysing 14 species of algae and 4 species of animals were: for gross alpha radiometry (0,454 + - 0,162)Bq/g in the ashes of the phaeophita Padina vickersiae and (0,473 + - 0,106)Bq/g in the cnidaria Bunodosoma caissarum, (0,067 + - 0,031)Bq/g in the clorophita Ulva Fasciata and (0,091 + - 0,060)Bq/g in the soft tissues of the bivalve Perna perna. The byssus of this animal presented the highest gross alpha concentration : (1,770 + - 0,708)Bq/g, probably due to its high Uranium concentration, which contributes with 71%, complexed with its main constituent, a scleroprotein. The gross beta concentrations were highest in the algae Chetomorpha antennina (6,63 + - 1,80)Bq/g and in the species Bunodosoma caissarum, with a mean value of (2,60 + - 0,74)Bq/g in the ashes. The lowest concentrations were obtained in the rodophita Plocamium brasiliense, (1,64 + - 0,36)Bq/g, and (1,04 + - 0,30)Bq/g in the byssus of Perna perna. By the theoretical concentration of 40 K, calculated from potassium, the strong contribution of that radionuclide in the gross beta activity of the organisms is stressed. Seven samples of ashes were submitted to analyses by three different laboratories and the intercomparison results showed a reasonable agreement. (Author) [pt

Antifouling activities of marine sedentary invertebrates on some macrofoulers

Digital Repository Service at National Institute of Oceanography (India)

Wilsanand, V.; Wagh, A.B.; Bapuji, M.

pfeifferae, Dercitopsis sp.] against cyprids of the barnacle Balanus amphitrite and green mussel Perna viridis are reported here. All the extracts examined inhibited the settlement of cyprids of B. amphitrite. Toxicity revival studies indicate...

OXIDATIVE STRESS BIOMARKERS IN MUSSELS SAMPLED FROM FOUR SITES ALONG THE MOROCCAN ATLANTIC COAST (BIG CASABLANCA

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LAILA EL JOURMI

2012-12-01

Full Text Available Catalase (CAT activity and malondialdehyde (MDA level in whole bodies of the mussel perna perna, collected from four stations along the Moroccan Atlantic coast (Big Casablanca area, were monitored to evaluate stress effects on mussels collected from the selected sites. The oxidative stress biomarkers showed statistically significant differences at the polluted sites when compared to the control ones. In general, our data indicated that CAT activity and MDA concentration are a higher and significant (p < 0.05 in mussels collected at polluted site when compared to specimen sampled from control ones. In conclusion, the oxidative stress biomarkers response obtained for October 2010 and 2011, clearly demonstrate the potential presence of different contaminants in Site 4 and Site 3 reflecting the intensity of pollution in these areas.

Caracterización de algunas técnicas de inmunofluorescencia y de fluorescencia en mejillones chilenos Perumytilus purpuratus y Semimytilus algosus

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Orlando Garrido

2014-06-01

Full Text Available Gametos y estadios larvales de los mejillones P. purpuratus y S. algosus fueron tratados in vitro con técnicas de fluorescencia y no fluorescencia a fin de detectar microfilamentos, DNA y gránulos corticales involucrados con estadios de la reproducción como fertilización y clivaje. En P. purouratus se detectó tubulina a nivel de los cilios y el velum; asimismo, la actina fue detectada desde el estadio de fertilización a los estadios de desarrollo tanto en P purpuratus como en S. algosus, lo que sugiere que no son descartados durante el proceso de fertilización. Los microfilamentos detectados en ambos mejillones sugieren que ellos juegan un rol importante como integrante del citoesqueleto durante el desarrollo.

Evolution of non-treated restless legs syndrome Síndrome das pernas inquietas: evolução após um ano sem tratamento

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Raimundo Nonato Delgado Rodrigues

2009-03-01

Full Text Available PURPOSE: The primary concern of this study is to evaluate the clinical course of restless legs syndrome (RLS in a group of patients who refused treatment. METHOD: This study compares the outcome of a group of RLS patients after one year without any specific treatment. The International Restless Legs Syndrome Scale (IRLS was applied at baseline (irls_1 and after one year (irls_2. The patients answered a simple questionnaire for the evaluation of possible environmental or life habit changes after one-year evolution. Serum ferritin was determined at baseline. An improvement index (%improvement was established through the formula: irls_1- irls_2/irls_1 ' 100. Results were compared and a correlation analysis performed. RESULTS: A negative significant correlation was found between the patientsí age and irls_2 (r= -0.9 p=0.0018 and between %improvement and irls_2 (r= -0.88 p=0.0039. A positive and significant correlation was determined between %improvement and age. There was only a marginally significant correlation between serum ferritin and ilrs_2 (r= -0.7 p=0.052. No significant changes were found in the other elements analyzed. CONCLUSION: A favorable outcome was found in this group of RLS patients after one year evolution without treatment. The outcome was positively influenced by the patientsí age.OBJETIVO: O objetivo deste estudo é avaliar a evolução de oito pacientes com diagnóstico de síndrome das pernas inquietas (SPI após doze meses sem tratamento. MÉTODO: Estudo de coorte, retrospectivo, consistindo na aplicação da escala de gravidade da SPI (IRLS, de questionário para avaliação de mudanças ambientais ou de hábitos de vida e dosagem de ferritina sérica. Realizada comparação da pontuação IRLS obtida na consulta inicial (irls_1 e após doze meses de evolução (irls_2 e estabelecido um índice de melhora percentual (%melhora=irls_1 - irls_2 / irls_1 ' 100. Análise de correlação dos dados obtidos. RESULTADOS: Foi

Crecimiento del mejillón verde Perna viridis (Bivalvia: Mytilidae bajo sistema de cultivo de fondo en la ensenada de Turpialito, Golfo de Cariaco, Venezuela Growth and survival of the green mussel P. viridis (Bivalvia: Mytilidae in bottom culture conditions in Turpialito, Golfo de Cariaco, Venezuela

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Vanessa Acosta

2012-12-01

manteniendo valores por encima de 1mg/L, constituyendo de esta manera el principal recurso alimenticio para los mejillones. Los altos contenidos de proteínas, lípidos y carbohidratos observados en el seston al final del estudio, pudieran estar principalmente asociados con la surgencia costera que provee un gran aporte alimenticio de tipo fitoplanctónico y orgánico. El alto porcentaje de supervivencia (>80%, el incremento de la longitud de la concha y la alta producción de tejido reproductivo, sugieren una excelente condición fisiológica de P. viridis, relacionada con la disponibilidad y la calidad del alimento particularmente de tipo orgánico presente en el medio, por lo que el cultivo de fondo puede constituir una alternativa de producción acuícola en el golfo de Cariaco.Mussels represent one of the most important mollusk species for culture activities around the world, and their growth may depend on the culture system used and locality. In this study, we evaluated the growth of Perna viridis in bottom culture to test its performance when using natural food, and to decide its use as a culture species in the Gulf of Cariaco. For this, mussel seeds (35.81±1.41mm in length were obtained in the locality of Guaca (North coast of Sucre state and transferred to the Hydrobiological Station of Turpialito, Gulf of Cariaco, Sucre state, Venezuela, where they were planted in “Spanish baskets “ to evaluate their growth between July 2007 and February 2008. Monthly survival was determined and the maximum shell length, dry mass of muscle and remains tissues of the gonad. The environmental parameters (water temperature, salinity, dissolved oxygen, chlorophyll a, total seston and organic fraction, in the cultivation area were determined every 15 days. Monthly measurements were made of proteins, lipids and carbohydrates to seston. During the entire study the mussels showed continued growth, ultimately reaching a maximum length of 78.7±4.43mm. However, the growth rate of the dry

Some observations on Seabirds breeding in the Tsitsikamma Coastal National Park.

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R. J. M Crawford

1983-12-01

Full Text Available In 1980 and 1981 more than 50 pairs of kelp gulls Lams dominicanus, 70 of Cape cormorants Phalacrocorax capensis and 20 of whitebreasted cormorants P. carbo nested in the Tsitsikamma Coastal National Park. Kelp gulls were breeding in the Park in the mid 1960's but no records could be found of breeding by Cape cormorants prior to 1980. The earliest record for nesting by whitebreasted cormorants was 1971 and the population apparently increased in the late 1970's. Small numbers of African black oystercatchers Haematopus moquini nested in the park in 1980 and 1981. Brown mussels Perna perna and limpets Patella spp. dominated their hardshelled diet. Whereas oystercatchers at St Croix Island fed mainly on organisms from the mid intertidal region, those at Tsitsikamma appear to have favoured molluscs from the lower tidal range.

Genotoxicity Biomonitoring Along a Coastal Zone Under Influence of Offshore Petroleum Exploration (Southeastern Brazil).

Science.gov (United States)

Gutiérrez, Juan Manuel; da Conceição, Moisés Basilio; Molisani, Mauricio Mussi; Weber, Laura Isabel

2018-03-01

Offshore oil exploration creates threats to coastal ecosystems, including increasing urbanization and associated effluent releases. Genotoxicity biomarkers in mussels were determined across a gradient of coastal zone influences of offshore petroleum exploration in southeastern Brazil. Coastal ecosystems such as estuaries, beaches and islands were seasonally monitored for genotoxicity evaluation using the brown mussel Perna perna. The greatest DNA damage (5.2% ± 1.9% tail DNA and 1.5‰  ± 0.8‰ MN) were observed in urban estuaries, while Santana Archipelago showed levels of genotoxicity near zero and is considered a reference site. Mussels from urban and pristine beaches showed intermediate damage levels, but were also influenced by urbanization. Thus, mussel genotoxicity biomarkers greatly indicated the proposed oil exploration and urbanization scenarios that consequently are genetically affecting coastal organisms.

Heavy metals in sediments,mussels and oysters from Trinidad and Venezuela

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L Rojas de Astudillo

2005-05-01

Gulf of Paria exceeded local maximum permissible levels (Cu =20 µg g-1 wet wt; Zn =50 µg g-1 wet wtfor human consumption. These findings indicate that while mussels may be better biological indicators of heavy metal pollution in sediments than oysters,the latter may provide copper and zinc contamination.Further research is needed to determine the most appropriate biological indicators of heavy metal and other pollutants in the local marine environment and to develop protocols for their use.El Golfo de Paria está rodeado por Trinidad y Venezuela y es una fuente significativa de peces y moluscos para el consumo humano.Se extrajo muestras de ostras (Crassostrea rhizophorae y C.virginica ,mejillones (Perna viridis y sedimentos de cuatro sitios de Trinidad y tres de Venezuela en el golfo,así como muestras de tres localidades de la costa norte de Venezuela.El tejido comestible homogenizado de 12 moluscos de cada localidad fue usado para la extracción de metales pesados.El cadmio, cromo,cobre,plomo,níquel y zinc fueron analizados por espectroscopía de absorción atómica a la llama y el mercurio fue determinado por vapor al frío.Las ostras del Golfo de Paria presentaron concentraciones significativamente más altas de cadmio,cobre,níquel y zinc que las de la costa norte de Venezuela;pero esa diferencia no fue aparente en los mejillones.El mercurio en los sedimentos en todos los sitios y también el cadmio,cobre,níquel,plomo y zinc de varios sitios excedieron los niveles permisibles de las normas canadienses y estadounidenses.Los valores de cadmio, mercurio y zinc en los sedimentos se correlacionaron significativamente con los de los mejillones,pero no con los de las ostras.En las ostras los valores de cobre y zinc en varios sitios en el Golfo de Paria excedieron los límites máximos permitidos para el consumo humano.Los mejillones pueden ser mejores indicadores de contaminación de metales pesados en sedimentos,pero las ostras pueden indicar mejor la contaminaci

Antifouling potential of seaweed, sponge and cashew nut oil extracts ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

SAM

2014-07-02

Jul 2, 2014 ... nut oil extracts against biofilm bacteria and green mussel Perna ... prevent photo and thermal degradation during the transport to the laboratory. ... 40°C. The resultant extractives were collected in air-tight plastic vials and ...

Comorbidities, medications and depressive symptoms in patients with restless legs syndrome and migraine Comorbidades, medicações e sintomas depressivos em pacientes com síndrome das pernas inquietas e enxaqueca

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Karen S. Ferreira

2013-01-01

Full Text Available OBJECTIVE: The pathophysiology of migraine and restless legs syndrome (RLS seems to involve inherited mechanism and dysfunction of the dopaminergic system. Previous articles have shown that the frequency of RLS is higher in migraine patients than in controls. We conducted a study to evaluate comorbidities, medication used and depressive symptoms that can explain the relation between migraine and RLS. METHODS: A case-control study was performed in which patients with migraine (n=72 and a control group without migraine (n=72 were interviewed. Data including RLS diagnosis, depressive symptoms, comorbidities and drugs used were evaluated. RESULTS: There was a significant association between migraine and RLS (p=0.01, but comorbidities such as diabetes, hypertension, anemia and drugs used did not explain this association. Depression scores, as measured by the Beck Depression Inventory, were higher in migraine patients with RLS (p =0.04. CONCLUSION: No specific factors explaining the association between migraine and RLS were found. Symptoms of depression were more frequent in patients with migraine and RLS.OBJETIVO: A fisiopatologia da enxaqueca e da síndrome das pernas inquietas (SPI parece envolver mecanismos genéticos e disfunção do sistema dopaminérgico. Artigos anteriores mostraram que a frequência de SPI em pacientes com enxaqueca é maior do que nos controles. Desenvolvemos um estudo para avaliar comorbidades, medicamentos utilizados e sintomas depressivos em pacientes com migrânea e SPI. MÉTODOS: Foi desenvolvido um estudo de caso-controle. Foram entrevistados pacientes com enxaqueca (n=72 e sujeitos de um grupo controle (n=72. Foram avaliados dados incluindo diagnóstico de SPI, sintomas depressivos, comorbidades e medicamentos usados. RESULTADOS: Houve associação significativa entre enxaqueca e SPI (p=0,01. Comorbidades como diabetes, hipertensão, anemia ou drogas utilizadas não explicam esta associação. Escores de depress

Radiation Dose and Risk Assessments from Polonium-210 in Green Mussels (Perna viridis) and Seafood Consumers Living nearby the Industrial Area in Chonburi Province, Thailand

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Tumnoi, Y.; Phaopeng, N. [Office of Atoms for Peace - OAP (Thailand)

2014-07-01

Marine environmental samples including seawater (filtered and unfiltered), suspended particles, and green mussels (Perna viridis) were collected from Sriracha and Angsira areas located in Chonburi province in order to determine Po-210 radioactivity. The former was chosen because it is generally believed that this area has been contaminated by one of the largest industrial estates in Thailand and others human-activities (non-nuclear activities) nearby such as oil refineries and Coal Power Plants. Discharges, ashes, and wastes released from these activities may result in an increase of Po-210 concentration in marine environment when compared to other areas. The later was designated to serve as a control site in this study since this area is unlikely to be impacted by industrial activities. Our results revealed that, in the filtered seawater, averaged values of Po-210 level were 0.26 + 0.14 mBq/L (Sriracha) and 0.56 + 0.42 mBq/L (Angsira) and, in the unfiltered seawater, means of Po-210 radioactivity were 2.37 + 0.32 mBq/L (Sriracha) and 4.20 + 2.78 mBq/L (Angsira). Furthermore, the suspended particles contained Po-210 concentrations with averaged values of 14.11 + 8.87 Bq/kg dw (Sriracha) and 102.21 + 51.49 Bq/kg dw (Angsira) while averaged Po-210 levels of 35.74 + 17.53 Bq/kg dw (Sriracha) and 71.12 + 62.88 Bq/kg dw (Angsira) were found in the green mussels examined. The present finding indicates that there is no radiological impact caused by those human activities to the marine environment at Sriracha. Radiation dose assessment was also performed in both the green mussels and human who consume green mussels. The results show that the green mussels farmed at Sriracha and Angsira received averaged radiation dose rates from Po-210 at 0.0007 and 0.0015 mGy/d, respectively. In addition, our results reveal that populations living in Chonburi province and ingesting the green mussels from these 2 locations received radiation dose rates from Po-210 at the means of 44.25 and

Características de Vibrio parahaemolyticus isolados de mexilhões (Perna perna comercializados em Niterói, Rio de Janeiro Characteristics of Vibrio parahaemolyticus isolated from mussels (Perna perna commercialized at Niterói, Rio de Janeiro

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Christiane Soares Pereira

2007-02-01

Full Text Available O ecossistema marinho é o habitat natural de bactérias como Vibrio parahaemolyticus, um importante patógeno causador de gastrenterite humana associada ao consumo de alimentos marinhos. Na presente investigação, foi avaliada a presença de V. parahaemolyticus a partir de 86 amostras de mexilhões in natura e pré-cozidos. Vibrio parahaemolyticus foi isolado a partir de 11,6% dos mexilhões in natura e pré-cozidos avaliados. Todas as cepas avaliadas demonstraram-se urease positivas e 28,5% Kanagawa positivas sugerindo um potencial patogênico para o homem. Houve a predominância do sorotipo O10:K52 e a identificação da cepa emergente O3:K6. Esses resultados apontam para a relevância epidemiológica de V. parahaemolyticus em casos de gastrenterite humana após consumo de mexilhões sem cozimento adequado (100ºC/15min. Além disso, é importante alertar as autoridades de Vigilância Sanitária no Brasil quanto a sua presença na cadeia alimentar e seus riscos para a Saúde Pública.The marine ecosystem is the natural habitat of bacteria like Vibrio parahaemolyticus, an important pathogen that cause human gastroenteritis associated with seafood consumption. In the present investigation, the presence of V. parahaemolyticus in 86 in natura and precooked mussel samples was evaluated. Vibrio parahaemolyticus was isolated from 11.6% of the in natura and precooked mussels. All strains tested were urease-positive and 28.5% were Kanagawa-positive, which suggests that they have pathogenic potential for humans. There was predominance of the O10:K52 serotype and the emerging O3:K6 strain was identified. These results show the epidemiological relevance of V. parahaemolyticus in cases of human gastroenteritis following mussel consumption without adequately cooking them (100°C/15min. Moreover, it is important to alert the Brazilian Sanitary Surveillance authorities regarding their presence in the food chain and their public health risks.

Antifouling activity of seaweed extracts from Guarujá, São Paulo, Brazil

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Heloisa Elias Medeiros

2007-12-01

Full Text Available Marine biofouling historically constitutes one of the major constraints faced by mankind in its oceanic activities. The search for alternatives to TBT-based antifouling paints has led several researchers to focus efforts in the development of environmentally friendly natural compounds. This work has contributed with this search, testing the antifouling potential of crude organic extracts from four seaweed species collected at Praia Branca, Guarujá district, São Paulo, Brazil. Throughout laboratory antifouling assays in which the attachment of a common fouling organism, the brown mussel Perna perna, was employed, antifouling activity (p A incrustação biológica constitui, historicamente, um dos maiores problemas encontrados pelo homem em suas atividades no mar. A busca por alternativas a tintas antiincrustantes contendo tributilestanho (TBT tem levado diversos pesquisadores a concentrar esforços no desenvolvimento de substâncias naturais menos danosas à biota marinha. Este trabalho procurou contribuir com essa busca, testando o potencial antiincrustante de quatro diferentes espécies de macroalgas da Praia Branca, município de Guarujá, SP. Através de testes antiincrustantes em laboratório utilizando a fixação de um organismo incrustante comum, o mexilhão Perna perna, foi constatado que os extratos de Jania rubens (Rhodophyta, Cryptonemiales e Bryothamnion seaforthii (Rhodophyta, Ceramiales, à concentração natural, apresentaram atividade antiincrustante significativa (p < 0,05, enquanto Dictyopteris delicatula (Phaeophyta, Dictyotales e Heterosiphonia gibbesii (Rhodophyta, Ceramiales não demonstraram eficiência na inibição da fixação de bissos do molusco. Das algas que indicaram potencial atividade contra a incrustação, J. rubens apresentou melhor desempenho em relação a B. seaforthii. Futuras investigações em campo serão necessárias para a obtenção de resultados que possam refletir melhor as condições naturais

Kus tondid Tallinnas pidu peavad?

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

2008-01-01

Lagunevatest hoonetest Tallinnas - end. Kalinini nimeline tehas, Eesti Meremuuseumi alal asuv hoone, Volta tehase hooned Tööstuse tänaval, Keraamikatehase hooned Maleva 2, Patarei vangla, Tina tänava juugendvilla (projekteerijad Karl Burman ja Artur Perna), puitelamu Kadriorus Poska 6

Metals and pesticides in commercial bivalve mollusc production areas in the North and South Bays, Santa Catarina (Brazil).

Science.gov (United States)

de Souza, R V; Garbossa, L H P; Campos, C J A; Vianna, L F de N; Vanz, A; Rupp, G S

2016-04-15

Concentrations of heavy metals were quantified in mussels Perna perna and Pacific oysters Crassostrea gigas in 28 cultivation sites in the North and South Bays, SC (Brazil). Concentrations of pesticides were also quantified in these bivalve, water and sediment samples collected in 14 cultivation sites on four occasions in the period October 2012-October 2013. Pesticides were not detected in any of the mussel, oyster, water or sediment samples. The South Bay was found to be generally more contaminated with As while the North Bay showed higher concentrations of Ni. Concentrations of Pb and Cd were below the limit of detection of the method (0.5mg/kg) in all samples. Mussels accumulated more As and Ni than oysters, while the opposite was observed for Cu. Metal concentrations were below the maximum levels for foodstuffs specified in the Brazilian legislation. Copyright © 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Challenges associated with pre-border management of biofouling on oil rigs.

Science.gov (United States)

Hopkins, Grant A; Forrest, Barrie M

2010-11-01

The potential for oil rigs to transport diverse, reef-like communities around the globe makes them high risk vectors for the inadvertent spread of non-indigenous species (NIS). This paper describes two case studies where a suite of pre-border management approaches was applied to semi-submersible drilling rigs. In the first case study, a drilling rig was defouled in-water prior to departure from New Zealand to Australia. Risk mitigation measures were successful in reducing biosecurity risks to the recipient region, but they resulted in the unintentional introduction of the non-indigenous brown mussel (Perna perna) to New Zealand when the rig was defouled in-water by divers. In the second case study, lessons learned from this high-profile incursion resulted in a more structured approach to pre-border management, and this serves as a useful template for future rig transfers. Copyright © 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

L4-L5-S1 human dermatomes: a clinical, electromyographical, imaging and surgical findings Dermátomos humanos L4, L5 e S1: achados clínicos, eletromiográficos, de imagem e cirúrgicos

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Antonio Tadeu de Souza Faleiros

2009-06-01

Full Text Available There is substantial controversy in literature about human dermatomes. We studied L4, L5, and S1 inferior limb dermatomes by comparing clinical signs and symptoms with conduction studies, electromyographical data, neurosurgical findings, and imaging data from computerized tomography (CT or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI. After analyzing 60 patients, we concluded that L4 is probably located in the medial aspect of the leg, L5 in the lateral aspect of the leg and foot dorsus, and S1 in the posterior aspect of the backside, tight, leg and plantar foot skin. This is the first time that these human dermatomes have been evaluated by combined analysis of clinical, electromyographical, neurosurgical, and imaging data.Há controvérsia na literatura sobre os dermátomos humanos. Estudamos dermátomos do membro inferior comparando sinais e sintomas com estudos eletromiográficos, de imagem e achados cirúrgicos. Analisando 60 pacientes, concluímos que o dermátomo L4 provavelmente está localizado na região medial da perna, o dermátomo L5 na região lateral da perna e dorso do pé, e o dermátomo S1 na nádega, região posterior da coxa e da perna e na região plantar. Este é o primeiro estudo que os dermátomos do membro inferior foram analisados através de dados clínicos, eletromiográficos, imagem e achados cirúrgicos.

College-"Conocimiento": Toward an Interdisciplinary College Choice Framework for Latinx Students

Science.gov (United States)

Acevedo-Gil, Nancy

2017-01-01

This paper builds upon Perna's college choice model by integrating Anzaldúa's theory of "conocimiento" to propose an interdisciplinary college choice framework for Latinx students. Using previous literature, this paper proposes college-"conocimiento" as a framework that contextualizes Latinx student college choices within the…

Koolid saavad tagasi algusaegade väärikuse / Mari Rebane

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

Rebane, Mari

2003-01-01

Artur Perna projekteeritud Tallinna 21. keskkooli hoone renoveerimisprojekti autor on Raul Järg, sisekujundaja Toomas Korb, lühtrite disainer Tõnis Vellama. Edgar Johan Kuusiku projekteeritud Lenderi tütarlastegümnaasiumi (Tallinna kesklinna vene gümnaasium) renoveerimisprojekti autor on Andres Põime, sisekujundaja Tiiu Truus

Trophic transference of microplastics under a low exposure scenario: Insights on the likelihood of particle cascading along marine food-webs.

Science.gov (United States)

Santana, M F M; Moreira, F T; Turra, A

2017-08-15

Microplastics are emergent pollutants in marine environments, whose risks along food-web still need to be understood. Within this knowledge gap, MPs transference and persistence along trophic levels are key processes. We assessed the potential occurrence of these processes considering a less extreme scenario of exposure than used previously, with microplastics present only in the hemolymph of prey (the mussel Perna perna) and absent in the gut cavity. Predators were the crab Callinectes ornatus and the puffer fish Spheoeroides greeleyi. Transference of microplastics occurred from prey to predators but without evidences of particle persistence in their tissues after 10days of exposure. This suggests a reduced likelihood of trophic cascading of particles and, consequently, a reduced risk of direct impacts of microplastics on higher trophic levels. However, the contact with microplastics along food-webs is still concerning, modulated by the concentration of particles in prey and predators' depuration capacity and rate. Copyright © 2017. Published by Elsevier Ltd.

Adaptabilidad ecofisiológica de organismos acuáticos tropicales a cambios de salinidad

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Kyung S. Chung

2001-03-01

Full Text Available Physiological response of tropical organisms to salinity changes was studied for some marine, estuarine and freshwater fishes (Astyanax bimaculatus, Petenia karussii, Cyprinodon dearborni, and Oreochromis mossambicus, marine and freshwater crustaceans (Penaeus brasiliensis, Penaeus schmitti and Macrobrachium carcinus, and marine bivalves (Perna perna, Crassostrea rhizophorae, and Arca zebra collected from Northeast Venezuela. They were acclimated for four weeks at various salinities, and (1 placed at high salinities to determine mean lethal salinity, (2 tested by increasing salinity 5 ‰ per day to define upper lethal salinity tolerance limit, or (3 observed in a saline gradient tank to determine salinity preference. Acclimation level was the most significant factor. This phenomenon is important for tropical aquatic organisms in shallow waters, where they can adapt to high salinity during the dry season and cannot lose their acclimation level at low salinity during abrupt rain. For saline adaptation of tropical organisms, this behavior will contribute to their proliferation and distribution in fluctuating salinity environments.

Increase of {sup 210}Po levels in human semen fluid after mussel ingestion

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Kelecom, Alphonse, E-mail: lararapls@hotmail.co [Laboratory of Radiobiology and Radiometry-LARARA-PLS, Universidade Federal Fluminense, P.O.Box 100.436, 24001-970 Niteroi, RJ (Brazil); Programs in Environmental Science and Marine Biology, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Niteroi, RJ (Brazil); Gouvea, Rita de Cassia dos Santos [Laboratory of Radiobiology and Radiometry-LARARA-PLS, Universidade Federal Fluminense, P.O.Box 100.436, 24001-970 Niteroi, RJ (Brazil)

2011-05-15

Polonium-210 ({sup 210}Po) radioactive concentrations were determined in human semen fluid of vasectomized non-smoker volunteers. The {sup 210}Po levels ranged from 0.10 to 0.39 mBq g{sup -1} (mean: 0.23 {+-} 0.08 mBq g{sup -1}). This value decreased to 0.10 {+-} 0.02 mBq g{sup -1} (range from 0.07 to 0.13 mBq g{sup -1}) after two weeks of a controlled diet, excluding fish and seafood. Then, volunteers ate during a single meal 200 g of the cooked mussel Perna perna L., and {sup 210}Po levels were determined again, during ten days, in semen fluid samples collected every morning. Volunteers continued with the controlled diet and maintained sexual abstinence through the period of the experiment. A 300% increase of {sup 210}Po level was observed the day following mussel consumption, with a later reduction, such that the level returned to near baseline by day 4.

The effects of mercury exposure on the surface morphology of gill filaments in Perna perna (Mollusca: Bivalvia)

CSIR Research Space (South Africa)

Gregory, MA

1999-01-01

Full Text Available each animal were analysed for mercury using an atomic absorption spectrometer. Mercury concentration increased from 0.13 (pre-immersion) to 87 mu g/g after day 24. Surface morphology remained normal for all animals in tank 2 and for those exposed to Hg...

Measuring Social-Emotional Skills to Advance Science and Practice

Science.gov (United States)

McKown, Clark; Russo-Ponsaran, Nicole; Johnson, Jason

2016-01-01

The ability to understand and effectively interact with others is a critical determinant of academic, social, and life success (DiPerna & Elliott, 2002). An area in particular need of scalable, feasible, usable, and scientifically sound assessment tools is social-emotional comprehension, which includes mental processes enlisted to encode,…

Características antropométricas em atletas de elite das seleções brasileiras juvenil e adulta de voleibol

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D. Monteiro Teixeira

2016-12-01

Conclusão: Estatura elevada, baixos valores de percentual e massa de gordura corporal, assim como baixos valores de dobras cutâneas do tríceps, perna média e abdome identificam‐se como o padrão antropométrico em atletas de elite de voleibol masculino.

Heavy metal pollution in marine mollusks from the coastal waters of ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

Studies of heavy metals in four marine mollusks, Thais haemastoma, T. nodosa, Nerita senegalensis and P. perna, have been conducted. This involved the assessment of levels of heavy metal pollution from point sources in the Korle lagoon and the determination of the extent to which these metals are transported by ...

Browse Title Index

African Journals Online (AJOL)

Vol 7, No 17 (2008), Anti-emetic activity of Grewia lasiodiscus root extract and fractions, Abstract PDF. AY Tijani, SE Okhale, FE Oga, SZ Tags, OA Salawu, BA Chindo. Vol 13, No 27 (2014), Antifouling potential of seaweed, sponge and cashew nut oil extracts against biofilm bacteria and green mussel Perna viridis from ...

Global existence proof for relativistic Boltzmann equation

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Dudynski, M.; Ekiel-Jezewska, M.L.

1992-01-01

The existence and causality of solutions to the relativistic Boltzmann equation in L 1 and in L loc 1 are proved. The solutions are shown to satisfy physically natural a priori bounds, time-independent in L 1 . The results rely upon new techniques developed for the nonrelativistic Boltzmann equation by DiPerna and Lions

Short Communications A re-evaluation of the taxonomic status of ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

1990-06-05

Jun 5, 1990 ... X. b. var. linea/US. Roux, 1907 was found to differ sufficiently from typical bieolor to allow subspecific status (FitzSimons 1946). In. 1915, Werner described Micaela pernasUla, later placed in the genus Xenoealamus by Hewitt (1926) and treated as X. b. pernasutus by FitzSimons (1946; 1962) and Witte &.

A critical examination of the possible application of zinc stable isotope ratios in bivalve mollusks and suspended particulate matter to trace zinc pollution in a tropical estuary.

Science.gov (United States)

Araújo, Daniel; Machado, Wilson; Weiss, Dominik; Mulholland, Daniel S; Boaventura, Geraldo R; Viers, Jerome; Garnier, Jeremie; Dantas, Elton L; Babinski, Marly

2017-07-01

The application of zinc (Zn) isotopes in bivalve tissues to identify zinc sources in estuaries was critically assessed. We determined the zinc isotope composition of mollusks (Crassostrea brasiliana and Perna perna) and suspended particulate matter (SPM) in a tropical estuary (Sepetiba Bay, Brazil) historically impacted by metallurgical activities. The zinc isotope systematics of the SPM was in line with mixing of zinc derived from fluvial material and from metallurgical activities. In contrast, source mixing alone cannot account for the isotope ratios observed in the bivalves, which are significantly lighter in the contaminated metallurgical zone (δ 66 Zn JMC  = +0.49 ± 0.06‰, 2σ, n = 3) compared to sampling locations outside (δ 66 Zn JMC  = +0.83 ± 0.10‰, 2σ, n = 22). This observation suggests that additional factors such as speciation, bioavailability and bioaccumulation pathways (via solution or particulate matter) influence the zinc isotope composition of bivalves. Copyright © 2017 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Relato de Caso: Dermatite de Contato Causada por Arruda (Ruta graveolens L.)

OpenAIRE

Cortez, Lúcia Elaine Ranieri; Cortez, Diógenes Aparício Garcia

2008-01-01

Um homem de 26 anos desenvolveu uma reação fototóxica em suas pernas, após utilizar as partes aéreas frescas da arruda (Ruta graveolens L.), para repelir pernilongos, depois de se expor ao sol. A hipersensibilidade foi causada devido às furanocumarinas (psoralenos) presentes no óleo essencial da arruda.

Sajand eesti arhitektuuris - eneseotsingud 1920-1930 / Siim Sultson

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

Sultson, Siim

2006-01-01

E. Habermanni ja H. Johansoni Riigikogu hoone ja ridamajad Kolde puiesteel, A. Perna projekteeritud ärimees Ivan Jegorovi maja Tallinnas Raekoja platsil, K. Burmani Pangapalee Viljandis, E. Habermanni paarismajad Kohtla-Järvel Siidisuka asulas, H. Johansoni ja E. Jacoby Advendi kirik Mere puiesteel ja eramud Tallinnas, A. Nürnbergi, E. von Wolffeldti ja O. Siinmaa supelusasutused Pärnus

Biometric and morphometric studies of Perna viridis and Perna indica along the southwest coast of India: a statistical approach

Digital Repository Service at National Institute of Oceanography (India)

Jayalakshmy, K.V.; Nair, M.; DileepKumar, R.; Vijayan, M.

morphometric gradient groups (spat and adult), indicating the different phenotypic plasticity between them. The factor scores classified P. indica as a unimodal, positively skewed leptokurtic population and P. viridis as a unimodal, negatively skewed...

Correlations between metal uptake in the soft tissue of Perna perna and gill filament pathology after exposure to mercury

CSIR Research Space (South Africa)

Gregory, MA

2002-01-01

Full Text Available increased from 0.13 to 87.5 mug/g dry weight after 24 days exposure, and declined to 13 mug/g during recovery. Mean filtration rate fell from 3979 to 1818 ml/h/g dry weight by day 2, but recovered slightly through days 4 and 8 (3037 ml/h/g), with a higher...

Variabilidad estacional de cadmio en un sistema de surgencia costera del norte de Chile (Bahía Mejillones del Sur, 23° S Seasonal variability of cadmium in a coastal upwelling system off northern Chile (Mejillones bay, 23° S

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

JORGE VALDÉS

2006-12-01

Full Text Available Entre junio de 2002 y abril de 2003 se midió el contenido de cadmio total y disuelto entre la superficie y los 100 m de profundidad, en dos estaciones localizadas en la bahía Mejillones del Sur. El rango de cadmio total y cadmio disuelto en las aguas de esta bahía fue 0,41-10,7 y 0,08-1,61 nM, respectivamente, durante el período de muestreo. Los resultados fueron correlacionados con la estructura físico-química de la columna de agua al momento del muestreo, de manera de estudiar los patrones de variabilidad estacional de este metal en este sistema de surgencia. Las condiciones oceanográficas imperantes durante este período correspondieron a un año normal (no-El Niño. Las masas de agua presentes en la bahía correspondieron a agua subantártica, subtropical y ecuatorial subsuperficial, con diferentes grados de mezcla y estratificación durante el período de estudio. Los perfiles de cadmio presentaron una distribución vertical clásica de un micronutriente. Sin embargo estos perfiles presentaron leves diferencias que pueden ser atribuidas a la condición de mezcla de las masas de agua al interior de la bahía. Un análisis multivariado de los parámetros registrados indicó que la variación temporal de cadmio en las aguas superficiales está asociada a las fluctuaciones de la clorofila a y la temperatura. Esto sugiere que, a escala estacional, la producción de biomasa fitoplanctónica sería el principal factor que controla la distribución de cadmio en esta bahía. Por otro lado, a pesar de que el cadmio es un metal redox sensitivo no se encontró un efecto significativo de la disponibilidad de oxígeno sobre el comportamiento de este metal, de manera que la condición micróxica de las aguas de fondo de la bahía no sería un factor preponderante en el flujo de cadmio hacia los sedimentos. La razón Cd/PO4 encontrada en Mejillones es similar a la reportada en otras zonas costeras de Chile. Los bajos valores y la tendencia temporal

Distribution of Euphausia mucronata at the upwelling area of Peninsula Mejillones, northern Chile: The influence of the oxygen minimum layer

OpenAIRE

Escribano, R.; Marin, V.; Irribarren, C.

2000-01-01

Analysis of zooplankton samples from 53 stations obtained around Peninsula Mejillones (Northern Chile), from two strata: 0-50 m and 150-200 m, during active upwelling in December 1996, allowed the study of horizontal and vertical distribution of Euphausia mucronata, endemic Krill of the Humboldt Current. Information from CTDO and a fluorometer was used to analyze the influence of oceanographic variables on distribution of E. mucronata. E. mucronata was found distributed all around the Peninsu...

Bio-accumulation kinetics of radioruthenium in marine bivalves. Laboratory study

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Mu, D.H.; Yan, S.P.; Gu, Y.J.; Li, D.J.; Du, J.Z.

2007-01-01

Three kinds of marine bivalves (wild Saccostrea cucullata, aquacultured Perna viridis and aquacultured Pinctada martens), collected from Daya Bay, the South China Sea, were used to investigate the bio-accumulation of radioruthenium in the glass aquarium with natural seawater (pH 8.20, 35 per mille salinity, filtered by 0.45 μm) at ambient temperature under laboratory feeding conditions. The experimental results show that the stead-state of biology concentration factor (BCF, ml/g) of radioruthenium was approached around 6 days for most species of bivalves. The values of BCF in shells are the highest in organs all the three bivalves. The orders of BCF values (ml x g -1 ) are as: Perna viridis (33.2) < Saccostrea cucullata (47.0) < Pinctada martensi (208.4) for shells and Saccostrea cucullata (1.5) < Pinctada martensi (2.2) ∼ Perma viridis (2.4) for soft tissues, respectively, after exposed for 14 days. The rate constants of uptake and elimination of radioruthenium on marine bivalves were also discussed by first-order kinetics model. The Pinctada martensi may be applicable to be an indictor for monitoring radioruthenium among the three bivalves. (author)

Brasilochondria riograndensis gen. nov., sp. nov. (Copepoda, Chondracanthidae a parasite of flounders of Rio Grande do Sul State, Brazil

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Vernon E. Thatcher

2004-09-01

Full Text Available Brasilochondria riograndensis gen. nov., sp. nov. (Copepoda, Chondracanthidae a parasite of the flounder, Paralichthys orbignyanus (Valenciennes, 1839, is described. The new genus has a spherical head a post-mandibular "neck" and two pairs of modified biramous legs. In these respects, it resembles Argentinochondria patagonensis Etchegoin, Timi & Sardella, 2003. In the Argentine genus, however, the bulbous head has a medial constriction and the posterior of the female lacks the lateral extensions that are present in the new genus. Pseudolernentoma brasiliensis Luque & Alves, 2003, also resembles the new genus but it lacks the lateral extensions of the trunk and the latter is cylindrical rather than flat. The second leg of the new genus is small and the endopod is shorter than the exopod. The other two genera have large second legs with subequal rami.Brasilochondria riograndensis gen. nov., sp. nov. (Copepoda, Chondracanthidae, um parasito do linguado, Paralichthys orbignyanus (Valenciennes, 1839, é descrito. O novo gênero tem uma cabeça esférica, um "pescoço" pós-mandíbular e dois pares de pernas que são birremes e modificados na fêmea. Nestes aspectos, ela parece com Argentinochondria patagonensis Etchegoin, Timi & Sardella, 2003. Nesta, no entanto, a cabeça é esférica com uma constrição medial e na parte posterior do tronco faltam as extensões póstero-laterais que o novo gênero possui. Pseudolernentoma brasiliensis Luque & Alves, 2003, é também parecido com o novo gênero, mas carece das extensões póstero-laterais e o mesmo tronco é cilíndrico em vez de achatado. A segunda perna no novo gênero é pequena e o endopodito é mais curto que o exopodito. Nos outros dois gêneros, as segundas pernas são grandes e os ramos são sub-iguais.

Environmental risk assessment of triclosan and ibuprofen in marine sediments using individual and sub-individual endpoints.

Science.gov (United States)

Pusceddu, F H; Choueri, R B; Pereira, C D S; Cortez, F S; Santos, D R A; Moreno, B B; Santos, A R; Rogero, J R; Cesar, A

2018-01-01

The guidelines for the Environmental Risk Assessment (ERA) of pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCP) recommend the use of standard ecotoxicity assays and the assessment of endpoints at the individual level to evaluate potential effects of PPCP on biota. However, effects at the sub-individual level can also affect the ecological fitness of marine organisms chronically exposed to PPCP. The aim of the current study was to evaluate the environmental risk of two PPCP in marine sediments: triclosan (TCS) and ibuprofen (IBU), using sub-individual and developmental endpoints. The environmental levels of TCS and IBU were quantified in marine sediments from the vicinities of the Santos submarine sewage outfall (Santos Bay, São Paulo, Brazil) at 15.14 and 49.0 ng g -1 , respectively. A battery (n = 3) of chronic bioassays (embryo-larval development) with a sea urchin (Lytechinus variegatus) and a bivalve (Perna perna) were performed using two exposure conditions: sediment-water interface and elutriates. Moreover, physiological stress through the Neutral Red Retention Time Assay (NRRT) was assessed in the estuarine bivalve Mytella charruana exposed to TCS and IBU spiked sediments. These compounds affected the development of L. variegatus and P. perna (75 ng g -1 for TCS and 15 ng g -1 for IBU), and caused a significant decrease in M. charruana lysosomal membrane stability at environmentally relevant concentrations (0.08 ng g -1 for TCS and 0.15 ng g -1 for IBU). Chemical and ecotoxicological data were integrated and the risk quotient estimated for TCS and IBU were higher than 1.0, indicating a high environmental risk of these compounds in sediments. These are the first data of sediment risk assessment of pharmaceuticals and personal care products of Latin America. In addition, the results suggest that the ERA based only on individual-level and standard toxicity tests may overlook other biological effects that can affect the health of marine organisms

Vibrio parahaemolyticus produtores de urease isolados a partir de ostras (Crassostrea rizophorae coletadas in natura em restaurantes e mexilhões (Perna perna de banco natural Vibrio parahaemolyticus urease positive isolated from in natura oysters (Crassostrea rizophorae collected at restaurants and mussels (Perna perna harvested from natural habitat

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Chistiane Soares Pereira

2004-12-01

Full Text Available A presença de Vibrio parahaemolyticus foi avaliada em 50 amostras de moluscos bivalves marinhos compostas por 40 amostras de ostras coletadas em 15 restaurantes do Rio de Janeiro e 10 amostras de mexilhões capturados de banco natural em Ponta de Itaipú - Niterói. Foram empregadas a técnica do Número Mais Provável (NMP para a enumeração de V. parahaemolyticus utilizando Caldo Glicosado Salgado com Teepol (GSTB e Água Peptonada Alcalina (APA com 3% de cloreto de sódio (NaCl. Paralelamente foi realizada técnica de enriquecimento em APA com 1 e 3% de NaCl. Decorrido o período de incubação de ambas as técnicas, foi realizado plaqueamento em ágar TCBS (Tiossulfato Citrato Bile Sacarose. Todas as cepas de V. parahaemolyticus isoladas através das duas técnicas foram testadas para o fenômeno de Kanagawa e, quanto à produção de urease. Do total de 141 cepas de V. parahaemolyticus isoladas, 62% revelaram-se urease positivas e, dentre estas, os sorotipos predominantes foram O10:K?, O11:K? e O3:K57 dentre o total de 24 sorotipos urease positivos identificados. Embora todas as cepas de V. parahaemolyticus tenham sido Kanagawa negativas, os resultados apontam elevada incidência desta espécie em ostras comercializadas em restaurantes.The presence of Vibrio parahaemolyticus were detected in 50 marine bivalve mollusks composed by 40 oysters samples collected at 15 restaurants in Rio de Janeiro City and 10 wild mussels' samples harvested in Ponta de Itaipu-Niterói. The Most Probable Number (MPN technique was employed for the enumeration of V. parahaemolyticus, using glucose salt teepol broth (GSTB and alcaline peptone water (APW with 3% NaCl. At the same time, the samples were submitted on direct plating with APW added 1 and 3% NaCl. Both techniques were followed by plating onto TCBS agar. All the V. parahaemolyticus strains isolated were tested for Kanagawa phenomenon and they were also tested for the presence of urease. A total of 141 V. parahaemolyticus strains were detected, 62% revealed urease positive and these strains were serological characterized showing the predominance of serotypes: 010:K?, 011:K? and O3:K57 among 24 serotypes urease positive. Although, all strains of V. parahaemolyticus were Kanagawa negative the results suggest a high incidence of these microorganism in oysters consumed.

The characterization of the Ca–K geopolymer/solidified fluid fly-ash interlayer

Czech Academy of Sciences Publication Activity Database

Perná, Ivana; Šupová, Monika; Hanzlíček, Tomáš

2017-01-01

Roč. 61, č. 1 (2017), s. 26-33 ISSN 0862-5468 Institutional support: RVO:67985891 Keywords : fluid fly ash * blast-furnace slag * geopolymer * interlayer * recycling Subject RIV: DM - Solid Waste and Recycling OBOR OECD: Composites (including laminates, reinforced plastics, cermets, combined natural and synthetic fibre fabrics Impact factor: 0.439, year: 2016 https://www.irsm.cas.cz/materialy/cs_content/2016_doi/Perna_CS_2016_0056.pdf

Kaleidoskoop vanalinna korteritest

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

1999-01-01

Tallinna vanalinna renoveeritud majadest, kus müüakse elanikele kortereid. Toom-Kooli 2, Viru 1/ Vene 4 (ehitati 1881, arhitekt Rudolf Otto Knüpffer), Vene 19, Pikk 30, Pikk 40 (1922 ehitati ümber arhitekt Artur Perna projekti järgi, ajaloomälestis), Rataskaevu 9 asuvate renoveeritud hoonete ajaloost, pakutavate korterite suurus, hinnad. Kommenteerivad: J. Laugus, T. Tarum kinnisvarabüroost Uus Maa, H. Leppsalu kinnisvarafirmast Ober Haus

Características quantitativas da carcaça de cordeiros deslanados Morada Nova em função da relação volumoso:concentrado na dieta Quantitative characteristics of the carcass of Morada Nova lambs fed different dietary ratios of forage and concentrate

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Severino Gonzaga Neto

2006-08-01

Full Text Available Com o objetivo de avaliar a influência da relação volumoso:concentrado sobre a composição tecidual e os rendimentos de carcaça e de cortes comerciais de cordeiros Morada Nova em confinamento, utilizaram-se 18 cordeiros com peso vivo (PV inicial de 15 kg, distribuídos em seis grupos de três animais (um em cada dieta, de acordo com a relação volumoso(V:concentrado(C: 40:60, 55:45 e 70:30. Foram avaliados os pesos de corpo vazio (PCV, de carcaça quente (PCQ e de carcaça fria (PCF, a partir dos quais foram calculados os rendimentos biológico (RB, de carcaça quente (RCQ e de carcaça fria (RCF e a perda de peso por resfriamento (PPR. A carcaça foi dividida em cinco cortes cárneos (perna, lombo, costelas, paleta e pescoço, os quais foram pesados para cálculo de seus rendimentos em relação ao peso da meia-carcaça. A perna foi dissecada em músculo, osso e gordura e os pesos desses tecidos foram expressos em peso absoluto e em porcentagem da perna. Calcularam-se as relações músculo:osso e músculo:gordura, o índice de musculosidade da perna (IMP e a área de olho-de-lombo (AOL. O aumento de 30 para 60% de concentrado na dieta elevou os rendimentos de carcaça quente e carcaça fria, assim como o rendimento biológico. Os crescentes teores de concentrado na dieta não afetaram a porcentagem de músculo na perna, mas proporcionaram maior deposição de gordura e maior área de olho-de-lombo.Eighteen lambs averaging initial body weight (BW of 15 kg were allotted to six groups of three animals (one lamb per diet and were fed diets with following forage:concentrate ratios (F:C: 1 40F:60C; 2 55F:45C; or 3 70F:30C. Lambs of each group were slaughtered when the animal fed the diet with the highest concentrate level reached 25 kg of BW. Animals were slaughtered after 16 h of fasting (feed and water. After obtaining the slaughter body weight (SBW, animals were anesthetized by electric discharge and killed by bleeding of the carotid

Effect of the diet and genotype on body measurements and non-constituints of carcass of wooless lambs finished in a feedlot Efeito de dieta e genótipo sobre medidas morfométricas e não constituintes da carcaça de cordeiros deslanados terminados em confinamento

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Ana Sancha Malveira Batista

2007-12-01

. A altura de cernelha, altura de posterior, comprimento de corpo, comprimento de perna, perímetro torácico, circunferência de perna, circunferência escrotal, escore corporal, capacidade corporal, CC1 e CC2 foram avaliados. Para os constituintes não carcaças foram estudadas as características de pesos de cabeça, fígado, coração, baço, vesícula, sangue, rins, patas, pele e pulmão + traquéia. Além disso, foram estudadas as características de carcaça: comprimento de carcaça, comprimento de perna, perímetro da coxa, perímetro da garupa, profundidade do tórax, perímetro do tórax e largura de peito. Os dados foram analisados com um modelo, o qual incluiu os efeitos de dieta e genótipo, além da covariável peso ao abate. A dieta afetou (P<0,05 o escore corporal e capacidade corporal (CC2. O genótipo influenciou a altura de cernelha, altura do posterior, comprimento de perna, circunferência escrotal, escore corporal e capacidade corporal. Para as medidas morfométricas da carcaça a dieta só influenciou o perímetro de tórax e largura de peito. O genótipo influenciou o comprimento de perna, perímetro de coxa e perímetro de garupa. Entre os componentes constituintes não carcaça, a proporção de fígado, baço, sangue, patas e pele, foram influenciados pela dieta, enquanto que o genótipo influenciou a proporção de cabeça, fígado, vesícula, rins e patas.

Surface swimming behavior of the curculionid Ochetina uniformis Pascoe (Erirhininae, Stenopelmini and Ludovix fasciatus (Gyllenhal (Curculioninae, Erodiscini Comportamento de nado superficial exibido pelos Curculionidae Ochetina uniformis Pascoe (Erirhininae, Stenopelmini e Ludovix fasciatus (Gyllenhal (Curculioninae, Erodiscini

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Wesley Oliveira de Sousa

2007-03-01

Full Text Available The swimming behavior exhibited by specimens of L. fasciatus and O. uniformis was analyzed frame-by-frame with video observation recorded with a digital camera, attached to a stereomicroscope. Adults of O. uniformis, an aquatic insect, swim with all three pairs of legs. During the process of swimming the majority of the abdomen and rostrum remain submerged, part of the fore and hind tibiae remain above the surface, while the mid tibiae remain submerged. The mesothoracic legs, during the power-stroke stage, provide the greatest thrust while the metathoracic legs provide the least forward propulsion. The prothoracic legs, extended forward, help to direct the swimming. The semi-aquatic specie L. fasciatus shows the same swimming style as O. uniformis, that is, with movement of all the three pairs of legs; the mesothoracic legs are responsible for the main propulsion. The insect body remains on the water surface during the process of swimming, while the legs remain submerged. Both species complete a swimming cycle in 0.33 and 0.32 seconds, respectively, with an average speed of 1.38 cm/s and a maximum and minimum swimming duration time of 11.15 and 5.05 minutes, respectively, for L. fasciatus. The swimming behavior exhibited by O. uniformis and L. fasciatus corresponds to the style known as a breast strokelike maneuver. This is the first record of this kind of swimming for both species here observed and increases to seven the number of genera of Curculionidae exhibiting this behavior.O comportamento de nado exibido por indivíduos de L. fasciatus e O. uniformis foi analisado quadro a quadro através de imagens obtidas com o auxílio de uma câmera fotográfica digital com opção de vídeo, acoplada a um estereomicroscópio. Foi demonstrado que O. uniformis, espécie aquática, nada com o auxílio dos três pares de pernas. Durante este processo a maior parte do abdome e rostro localizam-se abaixo da superfície da água, parte das t

Influência de diferentes ângulos articulares obtidos na posição inicial do exercício pressão de pernas e final do exercício puxada frontal sobre os valores de 1RM Influencia en los diferentes ángulos articulares obtenidos en la posición inicial del ejercicio de presión de piernas y al final del ejercicio de puje frontal sobre los valores de 1RM The influence of different joint angles obtained in the starting position of leg press exercise and at the end of the frontal pull exercise on the values of 1RM

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João Augusto Reis de Moura

2004-08-01

Full Text Available O teste de uma repetição máxima (1RM tem sido aplicado sobre várias circunstâncias e em diversos objetivos, sendo que variáveis potencialmente influenciadoras deste teste têm sido constantemente estudadas. Este estudo buscou avaliar a influência de diferentes ângulos na posição inicial de execução dos exercícios pressão de pernas e posição final do exercício puxada frontal sobre os resultados de 1RM. Para tal foram mensurados no teste de 1RM dos exercícios pressão de pernas e puxada frontal 20 sujeitos voluntários do sexo masculino (médias de idade 24,5 anos, estatura 1,75 metros e massa corporal de 72,0kg. Após consentimento de participação e a adaptação ao treinamento resistido com pesos, foi aplicado o teste de 1RM no exercício pressão de pernas em três diferentes ângulos de testagem na posição inicial (80º, 90º e 100º de flexão do joelho e também no exercício puxada frontal posição final (60º, 70º e 80º de flexão do cotovelo, sendo que cada ângulo foi testado em dias diferentes, porém com os dois exercícios. Os resultados indicam que as médias de 1RM para o exercício pressão de pernas são estatisticamente diferentes (F = 30,199; p = 0,000 entre si (post hoc de Tukey. Já para o exercício puxada frontal, embora existam diferenças, estas não foram estatisticamente significativas (F = 1,330; p = 0,281. Conclui-se que diferentes técnicas de execução dos exercícios que envolvam angulações diversas, principalmente nas posições iniciais destes, devem ser rigorosamente controladas, pois podem afetar a quilagem levantada.El test de Repetición Máxima (1RM ha sido aplicado en varias circunstancias y en diversos objetivos siendo que variable potencialmente influyentes en este test vienen siendo constantemente estudiadas. Este estudio buscó evaluar la influencia de diferentes ángulos en la posición final del ejercicio de presión de piernas y de puje frontal sobre los resultados de 1RM

Radioactive contamination in human by polonium-210 in food from marine origin; Contaminacao radioativa humana por Polonio-210 contido em alimento de origem marinha

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Kelecom, Alphonse; Gouvea, Rita de Cassia S.; Kelecom, Philippe Marcel [Universidade Federal Fluminense, Niteroi, RJ (Brazil). Dept. de Biologia Geral. Lab. de Radiobiologia e Radiometria (LARARA)]. E-mail: egbakel@vm.uff.br

2005-07-01

Food from marine origin is considered as one of the sources that most contributes to internal radioactive contamination in humans by polonium-210 ({sup 210}Po). This work intended to check whether a single ingestion of the mussel Perna perna should result in a detectable increase of radioactive contamination in the consumer. The mussel was bought at a fish market localized in the city of Niteroi, RJ, Brazil. It was cooked as usually, and its content in {sup 210}Po determined after acid mineralization, spontaneous electrodeposition on stainless steel disks and alpha counting. Non-smoking volunteers maintained for two weeks a normal diet, but completely avoiding fish and seafood. Then, they ate 200 g of cooked mussel, and collected total faeces and urine every day during ten days. {sup 210}Po level in faeces samples showed a 900% increase at the first day after ingestion, and reached normal levels after 3-4 days. In urine samples, the increase of {sup 210}Po was much lower (50%) and reached a maximum at the fifth day. Such data showed a short time permanence of {sup 210}Po in the intestine. Most of ingested {sup 210}Po ({approx}91%) was eliminated in up to 5 days through faeces. A small amount was absorbed ({approx}5-10%), part of it being eliminated in urine, and the remaining contaminated the human body. (author)

Estudo de associação entre força muscular e massa magra em mulheres idosas

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Ricardo Moreno Lima

2012-12-01

Full Text Available O objetivo do presente estudo foi verificar a associação entre a força muscular isocinética da musculatura extensora do joelho do membro dominante com a MM de diferentes segmentos corporais, em mulheres idosas. Um total de 258 idosas (66,58±5,6anos; 65,6±11,7kg; 1,53±0,07m foram submetidas à avaliação isocinética do pico de torque (PT e da MM (DXA. Correlações de Pearson foram examinadas entre os índices de MM dos braços, das pernas, do tronco, do corpo inteiro, da perna dominante (MMB, MMP, MMT, MMI, MMPD, respectivamente com o PT. O nível de significância foi de <0,05. Após análise dos dados, foi observado que a MM apresentou correlação positiva e significante com o PT. A correlação foi mais consistente à medida que a MM avaliada era mais próxima a musculatura da avaliação (MMPD, (MMT= 0,31, MMB= 0,39, MMI= 0,52, MMP= 0,55, MMPD= 0,60. Com base nos resultados observados, concluímos que a MM é um dos importantes determinantes do PT em idosas.

Antifouling activity of twelve demosponges from Brazil

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SM. Ribeiro

Full Text Available Benthic marine organisms are constantly exposed to fouling, which is harmful to most host species. Thus, the production of secondary metabolites containing antifouling properties is an important ecological advantage for sessile organisms and may also provide leading compounds for the development of antifouling paints. High antifouling potential of sponges has been demonstrated in the Indian and Pacific oceans and in the Caribbean and Mediterranean seas. Brazilian sponges remain understudied concerning antifouling activities. Only two scientific articles reported this activity in sponges of Brazil. The objective of this study was to test crude extracts of twelve species of sponges from Brazil against the attachment of the mussel Perna perna through laboratorial assays, and highlight promising species for future studies. The species Petromica citrina, Amphimedon viridis, Desmapsamma anchorata, Chondrosia sp., Polymastia janeirensis, Tedania ignis, Aplysina fulva, Mycale angulosa, Hymeniacidon heliophila, Dysidea etheria, Tethya rubra, and Tethya maza were frozen and freeze-dried before extraction with acetone or dichloromethane. The crude extract of four species significantly inhibited the attachment of byssus: Tethya rubra (p = 0.0009, Tethya maza (p = 0.0039, Petromica citrina (p = 0.0277, and Hymeniacidon heliophila (p = 0.00003. These species, specially, should be the target of future studies to detail the substances involved in the ability antifouling well as to define its amplitude of action.

Radioactive contamination in human by polonium-210 in food from marine origin

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Kelecom, Alphonse; Gouvea, Rita de Cassia S.; Kelecom, Philippe Marcel

2005-01-01

Food from marine origin is considered as one of the sources that most contributes to internal radioactive contamination in humans by polonium-210 ( 210 Po). This work intended to check whether a single ingestion of the mussel Perna perna should result in a detectable increase of radioactive contamination in the consumer. The mussel was bought at a fish market localized in the city of Niteroi, RJ, Brazil. It was cooked as usually, and its content in 210 Po determined after acid mineralization, spontaneous electrodeposition on stainless steel disks and alpha counting. Non-smoking volunteers maintained for two weeks a normal diet, but completely avoiding fish and seafood. Then, they ate 200 g of cooked mussel, and collected total faeces and urine every day during ten days. 210 Po level in faeces samples showed a 900% increase at the first day after ingestion, and reached normal levels after 3-4 days. In urine samples, the increase of 210 Po was much lower (50%) and reached a maximum at the fifth day. Such data showed a short time permanence of 210 Po in the intestine. Most of ingested 210 Po (∼91%) was eliminated in up to 5 days through faeces. A small amount was absorbed (∼5-10%), part of it being eliminated in urine, and the remaining contaminated the human body. (author)

Vibrio spp. isolados a partir de mexilhões (Perna perna in natura e pré-cozidos de Estação Experimental de Cultivo, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil Vibrio spp. isolated from in natura and precooked mussels (Perna perna of an Experimental Station Culture, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil

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Christiane Soares Pereira

2007-06-01

Full Text Available A análise microbiológica dos mexilhões reflete a qualidade do habitat aquático, pois estes animais podem reter em seus organismos diversos patógenos, dentre os quais aqueles pertencentes à família Vibrionaceae. No presente estudo foi avaliada a presença de Vibrio spp. em mexilhões (in natura e pré-cozidos, comercializados na Estação Experimental de Cultivo de Mexilhões, situada em Jurujuba, Niterói, Rio de Janeiro. Foram avaliadas 86 amostras, tomando como procedimento, o enriquecimento em Água Peptonada Alcalina (APA adicionada de 1 e 3% de NaCl, isolamento em Agar Tiossulfato Citrato Bile Sacarose (TCBS e confirmação das colônias típicas por análise bioquímica. Dentre as 12 espécies de Vibrio identificadas destacaram-se como de maior prevalência as espécies Vibrio alginolyticus, V. cholerae não-O1, V. parahaemolyticus, V. carchariae e Vibrio vulnificus. A relevância epidemiológica destes patógenos associada a casos de gastrenterite humana após consumo de mexilhões crus ou parcialmente cozidos, reforça a importância de alertar as autoridades de Vigilância Sanitária sobre sua presença na cadeia alimentar e seus riscos para a Saúde Pública.The microbiology analysis of mussels reflects the aquatic environment quality because these animals retain various pathogens such as Vibrionaceae family microorganisms in their organism. In the present investigation, we evaluated the presence of Vibrio spp. in mussels (in natura and precooked commercialized at an Experimental Station Mussel Culture in Jurujuba, Niterói, Rio de Janeiro. A total of 86 samples were analyzed using the enrichment in Alkaline Peptone Water (APW added to 1 and 3% of NaCl, isolated in Thiossulfate Citrate Bile Sucrose Agar (TCBS and confirmed that there were suspect colonies by biochemical tests. The results showed the identification of 12 different Vibrio species whereby Vibrio alginolyticus, V. cholerae non-O1, V. parahaemolyticus, V. carchariae and V. vulnificus were the prevalent species. The epidemiological relevance of these pathogens associated with cases of human gastroenteritis after in natura or precooked mussels show the need to alert Sanitary Officials about their presence in the food chain and their risks to Public Health.

Indian marine bivalves: Potential source of antiviral drugs

Digital Repository Service at National Institute of Oceanography (India)

Chatterji, A.; Ansari, Z.A.; Ingole, B.S.; Bichurina, M.A.; Sovetova, M.; Boikov, Y.A.

in large quantities by traditional methods and sold live in the market for human consumption. The economically important sp e cies of marine bivalves are green mussel ( Perna viridis ), e s tuarine oyster ( Crassostrea madrasensis ), giant oyster... in developing an effecti ve drug has been the unique characteristics of antigenic variation of virus resulting in the emergence of new variant virus strains 14 . There are a number of antiviral drugs introduced in the market such as tricyclic sy m- metric...

Caracterización de los síntomas físicos de estrés en el equipo de Emergencias

OpenAIRE

Farias, Sílvia Maria de Carvalho; Teixeira, Olga Lúcia de Carvalho; Moreira, Walter; Oliveira, Márcia Aparecida Ferreira de; Pereira, Maria Odete

2011-01-01

O profissional de enfermagem que atua no Pronto Atendimento sofre sintomas físicos de estresse em sua atividade diária. O objetivo desta pesquisa foi caracterizar esses sintomas com utilização do instrumento semiestruturado Occupational Stress Indicator. Para tanto, os autores elaboraram perguntas abertas, aplicadas em entrevistas gravadas e analisadas. Os sintomas físicos listados pelos pesquisadores foram: cefaléia, sensação de fadiga, dores nas pernas e taquicardia. Segundo relatos dos col...

Miopatia pseudo-hipertrófica por cisticercose: registro de caso

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Maria Ines de Vilhena Lana-Peixoto

1985-12-01

Full Text Available O caso de uma paciente com aumento de volume das pernas, dor discreta e dificuldade para deambular é descrito. A eletromiografia mostrou potenciais de unidades motoras gigantes com padrão de interferência completo. A biópsia dos gastrocnêmius direito e esquerdo revelou presença de um cisticerco além de hipertrofia das fibras musculares e infiltrado inflamatório. A revisão da literatura demonstra que apenas 12 casos de miopatia pseudo-hipertrófica causada por cisticercos foram relatados e que a incidência é duas vezes maior no sexo masculino do que no feminino. Em cerca de metade dos casos há história de epilepsia. Dor e fraqueza muscular discretas são frequentes. Em geral a pseudo-hipertrofia ocorre nas cinturas escapular e pélvica simultaneamente. Miotonia é achado raro e nódulos subcutâneos estão presentes na maioria dos pacientes. Nosso paciente difere dos outros relatados na literatura por apresentar pseudo-hipertrofia restrita às pernas, principalmente à esquerda, com eletromiografia revelando potenciais de unidades motoras gigantes. A patogênese desta condição é discutida e o diagnóstico diferencial deve ser feito com distrofia muscular pseudo-hipertrófica, triquinose, miotonia congênita, hipotireoidismo, amiloidose e a forma juvenil da glicogenose do tipo I (doença de Pompe.

Studies on the variations in the settlement of macrofoulants in Kalpakkam coastal waters, east coast of India

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Sahu, Gouri; Prasad, M.V.R.; Satpathy, K.K.; Biswas, S.; Selvanaygam, M.

2008-01-01

Biofouling studies in the coastal waters of Kalpakkam were carried out with an aim to delineate the present seasonal succession and fouling potential of macrofoulants, the dominant species and their breeding period. Three series (weekly, monthly and cumulative at 30 d interval observations) of teak wood panels were exposed to coastal waters from a jetty. A marked variation was observed in the colonization of the biofoulers on the weekly panels during the present study. The highest and lowest numbers of organisms observed were 136 and 1 per sq. cm respectively. Dominance of barnacles (12.4 - 99 %) on weekly panels was found throughout the study period. A climax community of green mussels (Perna viridis) was observed in the cumulative observations. Biofouling biomass of weekly panels varied between 1 and 11 g. (100 cm) -2 , however, a steep increase in biomass was observed in 28 d (77 g. (100 cm) -2 ), 56 d (97 g. (100 cm) -2 ), 112 d (185 g. (100 cm) -2 ) and 150 d (648 g. (100 cm) -2 ) old panels. In the present study, the biomass values found to be significantly higher than those of the earlier reported values (33 and 52 g. (100 cm) -2 in 43 d and 128 d exposure respectively). Interestingly, a visible shift in the peak settlement period of green mussels (Perna viridis) was observed in the present investigation, as compared to the earlier study. (author)

Polonium-210 in marine bivalves inhabiting a wedge bank region, South India

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Feroz Khan, M.; Godwin Wesley, S.; Rajan, M.P.

2013-01-01

Determination of background radiation dose-rate is important in the process of assessing risks to the environment from exposure to living organisms both in terms of deriving the incremental dose-rate and as a point of reference for evaluating the significance of the exposure level. In the present study, 210 Po was quantified in two species of bivalve mollusks commonly available from so called a 'wedge bank region' of southern tip of India. Based on the activity concentration in media and in the whole body, an external and internal dose rate assessment to green mussel Perna viridis and brown mussel Perna indica due to 210 Po was derived using ERICA assessment tool. The samples were collected at the intertidal region along the wedge bank region of southern tip of India during 2009 to 2010. The measurement contributes to a better knowledge of these elements, since no data exists in this region. 5-10 g of each tissue sample was wet-digested using 70% concentrated HNO 3 followed by the addition of 40% H 2 O 2 along with 20 8Po tracer (0.2 Bq). The normality of the data set was checked using Lilliefors test (ne''50) and potential outliers, if any, were tested using Walsh's test (n>60). Using the measured 210 Po activity in molluscs, sediments and seawater, dose assessment was performed using the Tier 2 ERICA environment dose assessment tool 1.0

Fibrilação atrial, infarto agudo do miocárdio e oclusão arterial aguda em paciente jovem com hipertireoidismo

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Fabrício Thebit Bortolon

2009-09-01

Full Text Available Relato de caso de paciente jovem com hipertireoidismo não diagnosticado, apresentando quadro de fibrilação atrial, infarto agudo do miocárdio e oclusão arterial aguda de perna direita. Submetido à trombólise, embolectomia e iniciado tratamento para hipertireoidismo com tapazol. A evolução foi satisfatória, com reversão da alteração eletrocardiográfica isquêmica, melhora dos sintomas de oclusão arterial, controle do ritmo cardíaco e da função tireoidiana.

Riigikogu hoone / Herbert Voldemar Johanson, Eugen Habermann, Alar Kotli...[jt.

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

2007-01-01

23 ill.; fotod: Andres Teiss; autorid: H. Johanson, E. Habermann, saaliavade ja aknapõskede kujundamisel oli abiks J. Koort; 1935. a. rajati A. Kotli projekti järgi lossi lõunatiib; valge saal rekonstrueeriti 1936. a. A. Perna ja J. Ostrati kavandite järgi; Eesti taasiseseisvumise järel on hoonet M. Kalmu, L. Pärtelpoja, M. ja K. Kurismaa ning Ü. Saare juhendamisel renoveeritud; Riigikogu esimehe kabineti vaiba (1938) kavandas Adamson-Eric, kontorimööbli kujundasid 1997. a. EKA sisearhitektuuri üliõpilased L. Pärtelpoja juhendamisel

Estudo eletrofisiológico do nervo cutâneo dorsal lateral: aplicabilidade técnica e valores de referência

OpenAIRE

DIAS, RAFAEL JOSÉ SOARES; CARNEIRO, ARMANDO PEREIRA

2000-01-01

O estudo da condução neural dos segmentos mais distais dos nervos mais longos pode ser capaz de reconhecer mais precocemente as alterações oriundas da maioria das polineuropatias. O objetivo deste estudo, foi verificar a aplicabilidade técnica do exame de condução ortodrômica do ramo cutâneo dorsal do nervo sural (nervo cutâneo dorsal lateral) em pessoas saudáveis, padronizar os valores normais para serem utilizados como referência e comparar seus valores com os do nervo sural na perna. Quare...

A checklist of malacofauna of the Vellar Estuarine Mangroves, India

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K. Kesavan

2009-07-01

Full Text Available A survey conducted to know the diversity of malacofauna in Vellar estuarine mangroves (southeast coast of India. In this study, 13 species of molluscs (10 species of gastropods - Melampus ceylonicus, Cerithidea cingulata, Cassidula nucleus, Pythia plicata, Neritina (Dostia violacea, Littorina scabra, Littorina melanostoma, Ellobium aurisjudae, C. obtusa T. telescopium and Assiminea nitida and 3 species of bivalves - Perna viridis, Crassostrea madrasensis and Modiolus metcalfei were recorded. M. pulchella, C. obtusa, L. scabra and N. violacea were found arboreal. T. telescopium, C. cingulata and E. aurisjudae were found crawling on the intertidal mud.

Regime alimentar para ganho compensatório de ovinos em confinamento: composição regional e tecidual da carcaça Diet for compensatory gain of feedlot lambs: commercial composition of carcass cuts and tissues

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G.H. Nóbrega

2013-04-01

Full Text Available Determinou-se o efeito do regime alimentar para ganho compensatório sobre a composição regional e tecidual da carcaça de cordeiros terminados em confinamento. Foram utilizados 40 ovinos Santa Inês, machos, com média de 17±1,7kg de peso vivo (PV e 100 dias de idade. Ao final do período de confinamento, os cordeiros foram abatidos, e a meia carcaça esquerda foi seccionada em cinco cortes comerciais primários: pescoço, paleta, costilhar, lombo e perna. A perna foi dissecada em músculos, ossos e gorduras, e, em seguida, teve seu índice de musculosidade determinado. Foi mensurada a hipertrofia muscular por meio da média do diâmetro das fibras musculares. O peso (g da meia carcaça esquerda, do pescoço, da paleta, do costilhar, do lombo e da perna diminuiu linearmente, à medida que aumentou o nível de restrição prévia, de 0% até 60%, variando, respectivamente, de 11497,4 a 8888,5; de 1453,8 a 1211,4; de 1955,4 a 1560,9; de 3420,0 a 2604,6; de 1669,4 a 1161,6 e de 2998,8 a 2350,0. No rendimento dos cortes, apenas o lombo sofreu efeito do regime alimentar, diminuindo de 14,5 para 13,1%. O índice de musculosidade da perna (0,42 a 0,39 e o diâmetro das fibras musculares (46,0 a 43,4µm também diminuíram com o aumento da restrição prévia. A restrição alimentar seguida por realimentação diminui o peso dos cortes e não afeta seu rendimento; diminui também a proporção de gordura da carcaça, produzindo, assim, cortes mais leves e carne com menor teor de gordura.The effect of diets for compensatory gain on the commercial cut yield and carcasses tissue composition of finished feedlot lambs was determined. A total of 40 Santa Inês lambs, with mean body weight (BW of 17±1.7kg and 100 days old were used. The lambs were slaughtered; the left half carcass was sectioned into five primary commercial cuts: neck, shoulder, rib, loin and leg. The leg was dissected into muscle, bone and fat, and then the muscularity of the leg was

EFFECTS OF THE INTERACTION GENOTYPE X NUTRITIONAL SYSTEM ON LIVEWEIGHT AND CARCASS COMPONENT EFEITO DA INTERAÇÃO GENÓTIPO X SISTEMA NUTRICIONAL SOBRE A COMPOSIÇÃO REGIONAL E TECIDUAL

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Roberta Rollemberg Cabral Martins

2008-04-01

51 da raça Corriedale, nascidos no mês de agosto e setembro, criados em três sistemas diferentes de alimentação (campo natural, pastagem cultivada e confinamento e abatidos com 122 dias de idade. Os animais foram pesados antes do abate e de suas carcaças obteve-se o peso da carcaça fria, da paleta, da perna, do costilhar e do pescoço e, por cálculo, percentagem de paleta, da perna, do costilhar e do pescoço. A paleta e a perna foram desossadas e destes cortes obtiveram-se o peso de osso, músculo e gordura e, por cálculo, a percentagem desses tecidos. Desenvolveu-se o experimento em um delineamento inteiramente casualizado, em esquema fatorial 3x2 (sistemas nutricionais e genótipos. Houve interação genótipo-nutrição (P<0,05 para osso da perna e da paleta e para gordura da paleta. Com exceção da percentagem do osso da paleta, para todos os demais parâmetros não houve efeito de genótipo. O sistema nutricional influenciou significativamente (P<0,05 todos os parâmetros.

PALAVRAS-CHAVES: Composição regional, composição tecidual, interação genótipo-sistema nutricional, ovinos.

Effects of endolithic parasitism on invasive and indigenous mussels in a variable physical environment.

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Gerardo Ivan Zardi

Full Text Available Biotic stress may operate in concert with physical environmental conditions to limit or facilitate invasion processes while altering competitive interactions between invaders and native species. Here, we examine how endolithic parasitism of an invasive and an indigenous mussel species acts in synergy with abiotic conditions of the habitat. Our results show that the invasive Mytilus galloprovincialis is more infested than the native Perna perna and this difference is probably due to the greater thickness of the protective outer-layer of the shell of the indigenous species. Higher abrasion due to waves on the open coast could account for dissimilarities in degree of infestation between bays and the more wave-exposed open coast. Also micro-scale variations of light affected the level of endolithic parasitism, which was more intense at non-shaded sites. The higher levels of endolithic parasitism in Mytilus mirrored greater mortality rates attributed to parasitism in this species. Condition index, attachment strength and shell strength of both species were negatively affected by the parasites suggesting an energy trade-off between the need to repair the damaged shell and the other physiological parameters. We suggest that, because it has a lower attachment strength and a thinner shell, the invasiveness of M. galloprovincialis will be limited at sun and wave exposed locations where endolithic activity, shell scouring and risk of dislodgement are high. These results underline the crucial role of physical environment in regulating biotic stress, and how these physical-biological interactions may explain site-to-site variability of competitive balances between invasive and indigenous species.

Efeitos do Ácido L-Glutâmico e da Vitamina D3 no Desempenho e nas Anomalias Ósseas de Pintos de Corte

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Silva Fernanda Alvares da

2001-01-01

Full Text Available Um experimento foi conduzido para estudar os efeitos de níveis de ácido L-Glutâmico (L-Glu e vitamina D3 (VD da dieta em pintos de corte de um dia, machos, Hubbard, recebendo dieta básica purificada, contendo todos os L-aminoácidos essenciais, minerais e vitaminas (exceto vitamina D3, suplementada com 5, 10 e 15% de L-Glu, combinados com 0, 5.000, 10.000 e 15.000 UI de vitamina D3. O experimento foi realizado utilizando-se esquema fatorial, em delineamento inteiramente casualizado 3 x 4, com quatro repetições de sete aves cada. O ganho de peso aumentou até o nível máximo estimado, de 8,56% de L-Glu e 15.000 UI de vitamina D3. A melhor taxa de conversão alimentar foi verificada com nível estimado de 8,40% de L-Glu. O maior consumo de ração estimado foi obtido com 8,48% de L-Glu e 15.000 UI de vitamina D3. Houve redução na incidência de problemas de pernas com 10% de L-Glu e 15.000 UI de vitamina D3. L-Glu estimado em 8,56% e 15.000 UI de vitamina D3 permitiu um melhor desempenho das aves, confirmando que esse aminoácido é boa fonte de nitrogênio não-específico para maximizar o desempenho e reduzir a incidência de problemas de pernas.

Miologia do membro pélvico da paca (Cuniculus paca Linnaeus, 1766)

OpenAIRE

Leonardo M. Leal; Rafaela M. de Sá; Fabricio S. de Oliveira; Tais H.C. Sasahara; Bruno W. Minto; Marcia R.F. Machado

2015-01-01

Resumo: Objetivam-se descrever os músculos do membro pélvico da paca (Cuniculus paca Linnaeus, 1766), mediante dissecção anatômica dessa região. Foram utilizadas dez Cuniculus paca adultas, machos e fêmeas, pesando entre cinco e 10 kg do plantel de pacas do setor de Animais Silvestres da FCAV, Unesp, Jaboticabal/SP. Os animais foram fixados em formaldeído 10% e conservados em solução salina a 30% para dissecação anatômica da musculatura da pelve, coxa e perna, identificando-se a origem e inse...

Värvikas Riigikogu / Lylian Meister

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

Meister, Lylian, 1966-

2007-01-01

1920-1922 Herbert Johansoni ja Eugen Habermanni projekti järgi ehitatud Riigikogu hoonest. Saaliavade ja aknapõskede kujundamisel oli abiks Jaan Koort. 1935. a. rajati Alar Kotli projekti järgi lossi lõunatiib.Valge saal rekonstrueeriti 1936. a. Artur Perna ja Johann Ostrati kavandite järgi. Eesti taasiseseisvumise järel on hoonet Mart Kalmu, Leila Pärtelpoja, Mari ja Kaarel Kurismaa ning Ülar Saare juhendamisel renoveeritud. Riigikogu esimehe kabineti vaiba (1938) kavandas Adamson-Eric, kontorimööbli kujundasid 1997. a. EKA sisearhitektuuri üliõpilased L. Pärtelpoja juhendamisel. 23 ill

Inter-species variations in metal concentration in the soft tissue of some molluscs from the coasts of Aden Governorate

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Ali, A. A.; Baharoon, A. Ab.

2002-01-01

Nearly most of the molluscs are considered as good biomonitors for heavy metals pollution due to their mode of life, but there are differences in the bioavailability of heavy metals in their soft tissues. This research shows that Turbo coronatus and A canthopleura haddoni are the best to accumulate Cd, Pb, Co, Cr, As for Ni, P. perna and the latter two speciments show higher concentrations. Turbo coronatus and Ostrea cucullata are the best to accumulate Cu, and Zn. A canthopleura haddoni and Veneridae pitar sp. show higher availability of Fe, and Mn in their soft tissues. (author)

Produção de Carne em Cordeiros Cruza Border Leicester com Ovelhas Corriedale e Ideal

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Osório José Carlos da Silveira

2002-01-01

Full Text Available O estudo objetivou oferecer informações sobre a morfologia (in vivo e na carcaça, características comerciais, componentes do peso vivo, qualidade da carcaça e da carne em cordeiros não castrados cruzas de Border Leicester com ovelhas Corriedale e Ideal, criados em condições de campo nativo no Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil. Foram utilizados 24 cordeiros, 11 procedentes do cruzamento de Border x Corriedale e 13 de Border Leicester x Ideal, sacrificados com 6,5 meses de idade. Foi verificado um efeito entre os cruzamentos para a perda ao resfriamento (em kg e %, peso e percentagem da pele, peso e percentagem do pescoço e capacidade de retenção de água. Igualmente, foi verificado que há diferença no desenvolvimento relativo dos componentes do peso vivo, composição regional da carcaça e composição tecidual da paleta entre os cordeiros Border Leicester x Corriedale e Border Leicester x Ideal e, dentro de cada genotipo verificou-se uma diferença quantitativa e qualitativa entre a paleta e a perna. As diferença quanto à qualidade da carcaça e carne não apresentam importância prática que justifique uma diferenciação do produto; porém, a comercialização deve ser com base no peso de carcaça fria e não com base no peso vivo ou carcaça quente. A paleta é mais precoce que a perna em ambos grupos genéticos.

Mercury and selenium accumulation assessment in fish most consumed by Cubatao Community, Sao Paulo, Brazil

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Farias, Luciana A.; Favaro, Deborah I.T.; Curcho, Michel R.S.M.; Fonseca, Barbara C.; Nascimento, Soraia M., E-mail: lufarias2@yahoo.com.b [Instituto de Pesquisas Energeticas e Nucleares (IPEN/CNEN-SP), SP (Brazil). Lab. de Analise por Ativacao de Neutrons; Kunioshi, Leonardo; Braga, Elisabete S., E-mail: edsbraga@usp.b [Universidade de Sao Paulo (USP), SP (Brazil). Inst. Oceanografico. Lab. de Nutrientes, Micronutrientes e Tracos nos Oceanos (LABNUT)

2009-07-01

High correlation between mercury (Hg) and selenium (Se) concentrations in fish organs is well known. In the present study, 58 fish samples of five fish species most commonly consumed by the Cubatao city population, Sao Paulo State, Brazil were analyzed. The Cubatao Estuary, located in southeastern Sao Paulo State, is an economically important area suffering severe environmental water quality problems due to industrial wastes, domestic sewage and solid residues. The waters of the bay suffer the impact of the immense industrial complex of Cubatao. In this study, Hg concentration in muscle, liver and kidney tissues and Se concentration in liver tissue from three predatory fish species: Macrodon ancylodon (Pescada), Menticirrhus americanus (Perna de Moca) and Micropogonias furnieri (Corvina) and two planctivorous species: Mugil liza (Tainha) and Sardella braziliensis (Sardinha) were determined. Mercury determination was performed using Cold Vapour Atomic Absorption Spectrometry (CV AAS) and selenium by Instrumental Neutron Activation Analysis (INAA). The muscle-Hg concentration variation (wet weight) was: (8 to 40 mug kg{sup -1}) - Sardinha; (12 to 62 mug kg{sup -1}) - Pescada; (3 to 23 mug kg{sup -1}) - Tainha; (43 to 184 mug kg{sup -1}) - Perna de Moca and (41 to 348 mug kg{sup -1}) - Corvina. The general concentration ranges of the analyzed elements in all species studied were (dry weight): muscle-Hg (13 to 1512 mug kg{sup -1}); liver-Hg (21 to 1804 mug kg{sup -1}); kidney-Hg 47 to 9912 mug kg{sup -1}) and liver-Se (2.10 to 43.00 mg kg{sup -1}). Se concentrations were higher than those of Hg in the liver. (author)

Mevalonosomes: specific vacuoles containing the mevalonate pathway in Plocamium brasiliense cortical cells (Rhodophyta).

Science.gov (United States)

Paradas, Wladimir Costa; Crespo, Thalita Mendes; Salgado, Leonardo Tavares; de Andrade, Leonardo Rodrigues; Soares, Angélica Ribeiro; Hellio, Claire; Paranhos, Ricardo Rogers; Hill, Lilian Jorge; de Souza, Geysa Marinho; Kelecom, Alphonse Germaine Albert Charles; Da Gama, Bernardo Antônio Perez; Pereira, Renato Crespo; Amado-Filho, Gilberto Menezes

2015-04-01

This paper has identified, for the first time in a member of the Rhodophyta, a vacuolar organelle containing enzymes that are involved in the mevalonate pathway-an important step in red algal isoprenoid biosynthesis. These organelles were named mevalonosomes (Mev) and were found in the cortical cells (CC) of Plocamium brasiliense, a marine macroalgae that synthesizes several halogenated monoterpenes. P. brasiliense specimens were submitted to a cytochemical analysis of the activity of the 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA synthase (HMGS). Using transmission electron microscopy (TEM), we confirmed the presence of HMGS activity within the Mev. Because HMGS is necessary for the biosynthesis of halogenated monoterpenes, we isolated a hexanic fraction (HF) rich in halogenated monoterpenes from P. brasiliense that contained a pentachlorinated monoterpene as a major metabolite. Because terpenes are often related to chemical defense, the antifouling (AF) activity of pentachlorinated monoterpene was tested. We found that the settlement of the mussel Perna perna was reduced by HF treatment (2.25 times less than control; 40% and 90% of fouled surface, respectively; P = 0.001; F9,9 = 1.13). The HF (at 10 μg · mL(-1) ) also inhibited three species of fouling microalgae (Chlorarachnion reptans, Cylindrotheca cloisterium, and Exanthemachrysis gayraliae), while at a higher concentration (50 μg · mL(-1) ), it inhibited the bacteria Halomonas marina, Polaribacter irgensii, Pseudoalteromonas elyakovii, Shewanella putrefaciens, and Vibrio aestuarianus. The AF activity of P. brasiliense halogenated monoterpenes and the localization of HMGS activity inside Mev suggest that this cellular structure found in CC may play a role in thallus protection against biofouling. © 2015 Phycological Society of America.

Estimation of 210Po activity in mussel sample and its contribution in radiation dose to the public around Kanyakumari Coast, India

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Macklin Rani, L.; Govindaraju, M.; Jeevanram, R.K.; Muthukumaran, V.R.

2013-01-01

Polonium-210 ( 210 Po), a naturally occurring á-emitting radionuclide exists in the environment as a result of Uranium- 238 ( 238 U) decay chain. It is therefore ubiquitously distributed in the rocks, soils, making up Earths crust, in the atmosphere and in natural waters. 210 Po enters in marine organisms via adsorption, absorption and ingestion and is transferred through seafood consumption. The concentration of 210 Po in the edible portions of marine organisms may be many folds higher than that in the seawater because of biological re-concentration processes. In the present study, sampling sites were chosen to determine the difference of 210 Po concentration in bivalve mussel, an appropriate bio-indicator for radioactive contamination. The concentration of radionuclide Polonium-210 ( 210 Po) in brown mussel (Perna perna), obtained from different locations of Kanyakumari coastal area were estimated, which ranged between 76.0 ± 5.1 Bq/kg and 310.20 ± 18.4 Bq/kg. The highest activity was observed at Kalluvilai. The daily and annual intake of 210 Po from ingestion via mussel was estimated in these areas. To evaluate the internal exposure, annual committed effective dose to the adult population of this coastal area was determined and compared with the Indian and worldwide values to assess the risk status of the study area. It was observed that the average annual committed effective dose of 210 Po through ingestion is higher than the recommended dose of ICRP, 1990 (1 mSv/year) for general public due to the contribution of seafood, mussel species (3.09 mSv/year) in daily diet. (author)

Mercury and selenium accumulation assessment in fish most consumed by Cubatao Community, Sao Paulo, Brazil

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Farias, Luciana A.; Favaro, Deborah I.T.; Curcho, Michel R.S.M.; Fonseca, Barbara C.; Nascimento, Soraia M.

2009-01-01

High correlation between mercury (Hg) and selenium (Se) concentrations in fish organs is well known. In the present study, 58 fish samples of five fish species most commonly consumed by the Cubatao city population, Sao Paulo State, Brazil were analyzed. The Cubatao Estuary, located in southeastern Sao Paulo State, is an economically important area suffering severe environmental water quality problems due to industrial wastes, domestic sewage and solid residues. The waters of the bay suffer the impact of the immense industrial complex of Cubatao. In this study, Hg concentration in muscle, liver and kidney tissues and Se concentration in liver tissue from three predatory fish species: Macrodon ancylodon (Pescada), Menticirrhus americanus (Perna de Moca) and Micropogonias furnieri (Corvina) and two planctivorous species: Mugil liza (Tainha) and Sardella braziliensis (Sardinha) were determined. Mercury determination was performed using Cold Vapour Atomic Absorption Spectrometry (CV AAS) and selenium by Instrumental Neutron Activation Analysis (INAA). The muscle-Hg concentration variation (wet weight) was: (8 to 40 μg kg -1 ) - Sardinha; (12 to 62 μg kg -1 ) - Pescada; (3 to 23 μg kg -1 ) - Tainha; (43 to 184 μg kg -1 ) - Perna de Moca and (41 to 348 μg kg -1 ) - Corvina. The general concentration ranges of the analyzed elements in all species studied were (dry weight): muscle-Hg (13 to 1512 μg kg -1 ); liver-Hg (21 to 1804 μg kg -1 ); kidney-Hg 47 to 9912 μg kg -1 ) and liver-Se (2.10 to 43.00 mg kg -1 ). Se concentrations were higher than those of Hg in the liver. (author)

Porównanie wpływu stosowania kompleksu lipidowego PCSO-524™ z Perna canaliculus oraz oleju z ryb na intensywność bólu odczuwanego przez pacjentów z chorobą zwyrodnieniową stawów kolanowych i/lub biodrowych

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Marek Zawadzki

2011-08-01

Full Text Available Cel: Porównanie wpływu zażywania opatentowanego, stabilizowanego CO2 oleju z nowozelandzkich małży zielonych Perna canaliculus(PCSO-524™ oraz oleju z ryb [zawierającego standaryzowanąmieszaninę kwasu eikozapentaenowego (eicosapentaenoicacid – EPA – 18%, i kwasu dokozaheksaenowego (docosahexaenoicacid – DHA – 12%] na łagodzenie bólu, zmiany w wyznacznikachjakości życia i bezpieczeństwo u pacjentów z chorobą zwyrodnieniowąstawów kolanowych i/lub biodrowych.Materiały i metody: U 50 pacjentów w wieku powyżej 50 lat, którzypodpisali świadomą zgodę na udział w powyższym badaniu, leczonychw Poradni Reumatologicznej Akademickiego Szpitala Klinicznegowe Wrocławiu, stosowano kapsułki Lyprinol® zawierającePCSO-524™ lub kapsułki z olejem z ryb. Badanie przeprowadzonometodą podwójnie ślepej próby. U wszystkich uczestników badaniarozpoznano chorobę zwyrodnieniową dużych stawów obwodowych.Charakterystykę grup przedstawiono w tabelach I i II.Tuż przed rozpoczęciem badania oraz w 4., 8. i 12. tygodniu jegotrwania od pacjentów zbierano informacje dotyczące intensywnościodczuwanego bólu za pomocą wizualnej skali analogowej(VAS; oceny stanu zdrowia z zastosowaniem kwestionariuszaoceny stanu zdrowia; ogólnego stanu zdrowia i subiektywnej ocenyprzebiegu choroby. Aby określić bezpieczeństwo stosowania suplementów, przed rozpoczęciem badania i po jego zakończeniuprzeprowadzono analizę parametrów morfologii krwi, OB, poziomuAlAT oraz badania moczu.Wyniki: U pacjentów, którym podawano PCSO-524™, zaobserwowanoistotne obniżenie intensywności odczuwanego bólu związanegoz chorobą zwyrodnieniową stawów oraz ogólną poprawęjakości życia (tab. III–V, ryc. 1 i 2. U chorych z tej grupy nie wystąpiłyżadne działania niepożądane. W grupie pacjentów leczonycholejem z ryb zaobserwowano statystycznie istotną mniejszą poprawę(p < 0,05. Dodatkowo u niektórych z nich wystąpiły objawyniepo

Microplastic contamination in natural mussel beds from a Brazilian urbanized coastal region: Rapid evaluation through bioassessment.

Science.gov (United States)

Santana, M F M; Ascer, L G; Custódio, M R; Moreira, F T; Turra, A

2016-05-15

Microplastic pollution (particles urbanized area of the coast of São Paulo State, Brazil. A simple and rapid assessment showed that 75% of sampled mussels had ingested microplastics, an issue of human and environmental concern. All sampling points had contaminated mussels and this contamination had no clear pattern of distribution along the estuary. This was the first time that microplastic bioavailability was assessed in nature for the southern hemisphere and that wild P. perna was found contaminated with this pollutant. This is an important issue that should be better assessed due to an increase in seafood consumption and culture in Brazil and worldwide. Copyright © 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

HEAVY METALS (Ni, Cu, Zn AND Cd CONTENT IN SERUM OF RAT FED GREEN MUSSELS

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Muhammad Yudhistira Azis

2015-11-01

Full Text Available Green mussel (Perna viridis can playing role as bio-indicator or biomonitoring agent for heavy-metalcontaminations in the sea. In this research, the concentrations of four elements Ni, Cu, Zn and Cd in P. viridis and in the serum of rat which orally feed by P. viridis were determined by Atomic Absorption Spectrometry (AAS following dry acid digestion. Parameter analysis was evaluated by determining confidence limit for the obtained results. The result showed that there was a sequence of heavy-metal content in green mussels sample and laboratory rats serum, such as Ni < Cd < Cu < Zn. Keywords: heavy metals, green mussels, laboratory rats serum, AAS

Gluteoplastia de aumento: experiência do Serviço de Cirurgia Plástica Dr. Ewaldo Bolivar de Souza Pinto

OpenAIRE

Azevedo, Daniel Melo de; Gonçalves Junior, Paulo; Pereira, Juliano; Amoedo, Tiago Boulhosa; Kuroyanagi, Fábio Massaru; Cotes, Emmanuel Francis Mallol; Pinto, Ewaldo Bolivar de Souza; Saldanha, Osvaldo Ribeiro

2012-01-01

INTRODUÇÃO: As nádegas são constituídas por músculos responsáveis pelos movimentos das pernas, assumindo o músculo glúteo máximo o volume principal. Possuem uma função secundária, de cunho sexual, como zona erógena, símbolo de fertilidade, cujo poder de atração é um forte apelo usado pela publicidade de artigos de consumo masculino. Mulheres com maior volume de nádegas despertam maior atração e desejo sexual, o que tem levado ao aumento da procura pela gluteoplastia de aumento com utilização ...

Processamento de imagens BOLD de ressonância magnética do músculo

OpenAIRE

Pereira, Ana Rita Lindo dos Santos Justo

2012-01-01

Dissertação apresentada na Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia da Universidade Nova de Lisboa para obtenção de Grau de Mestre em Engenharia Biomédica A presente dissertação foi desenvolvida com a colaboração da Faculdade de Motricidade Humana (FMH/UTL) e a Clínica de Ressonância Magnética de Caselas. A presente dissertação de mestrado pretende avaliar as alterações fisiológicas de vários músculos da perna quando submetidos a exercício físico intenso, através da técnica de resson...

Rendimento de cortes comerciais e composição tecidual da carcaça de cabritos mestiços Commercial cut and tissue yields in carcasses from crossbred kid goats

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Antonia Lucivânia de Sousa Monte

2007-12-01

Full Text Available A composição relativa dos cortes comerciais da carcaça e a composição tecidual (músculo, osso e gordura da perna, do lombo e da paleta de cabritos mestiços Boer e Anglo-nubiano foram analisadas em 20 cabritos de dois grupos genéticos diferentes (13 ½ Anglo-nubiano × ½ sem raça definida, SRD e 7 ½ Boer × ½ SRD. Os animais foram abatidos aos 10 meses de idade, com 29 ± 0,08 kg peso corporal. Após resfriamento (2°C da carcaça por 24 horas, as carcaças foram separadas nos cortes: perna, lombo (anterior e posterior, paleta, peito, costela, pescoço e fraldinha para determinação dos rendimentos em relação ao peso da carcaça fria. Em seguida, a perna, o lombo (anterior e posterior e a paleta foram dissecados em tecidos muscular, adiposo e ósseo para estimação das relações músculo:osso (RMO e músculo:gordura (RMG. Os rendimentos médios dos cortes foram: 30,8% de perna, 25,1% de lombo (17,9% no anterior e 7,0% no posterior, 22,0% de paleta, 4,8% de peito, 6,8% de pescoço, 4,8% de costela e 5,6% de fraldinha. Não foi observado efeito entre os grupos genéticos para os rendimentos dos cortes, exceto o rendimento de costela, que foi superior nos cabritos Anglo-nubiano × SRD (5,12% em comparação aos Boer × SRD (4,49%. Nos cabritos Boer × SRD, os rendimentos de tecido muscular (61,05%, as relações RMO (3,91 e RMG (6,85 foram superiores, enquanto, nos cabritos Anglo-nubiano × SRD, os rendimentos foram superiores para os tecidos adiposo (10,23% e ósseo (16,79%. A carcaça dos cabritos Boer × SRD apresenta maior proporção de tecido muscular nos cortes de maior valor comercial em comparação à de cabritos Anglo-nubiano × SRD.Carcass composition related to commercial cuts and tissue composition (muscle, bone and fat from leg, loin and shoulder of kid goats crossbred Anglo-Nubian or Boer were evaluated in 20 kids from two different genetic groups (13 ½ Anglo-Nubian × ½ Undefined Breed - UB and 7 ½ Boer × ½ UB

Mitochondrial DNA paradox: sex-specific genetic structure in a marine mussel – despite maternal inheritance and passive dispersal

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Teske Peter R

2012-06-01

Full Text Available Abstract Background When genetic structure is identified using mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA, but no structure is identified using biparentally-inherited nuclear DNA, the discordance is often attributed to differences in dispersal potential between the sexes. Results We sampled the intertidal rocky shore mussel Perna perna in a South African bay and along the nearby open coast, and sequenced maternally-inherited mtDNA (there is no evidence for paternally-inherited mtDNA in this species and a biparentally-inherited marker. By treating males and females as different populations, we identified significant genetic structure on the basis of mtDNA data in the females only. Conclusions This is the first study to report sex-specific differences in genetic structure based on matrilineally-inherited mtDNA in a passively dispersing species that lacks social structure or sexual dimorphism. The observed pattern most likely stems from females being more vulnerable to selection in habitats from which they did not originate, which also manifests itself in a male-biased sex ratio. Our results have three important implications for the interpretation of population genetic data. First, even when mtDNA is inherited exclusively in the female line, it also contains information about males. For that reason, using it to identify sex-specific differences in genetic structure by contrasting it with biparentally-inherited markers is problematic. Second, the fact that sex-specific differences were found in a passively dispersing species in which sex-biased dispersal is unlikely highlights the fact that significant genetic structure is not necessarily a function of low dispersal potential or physical barriers. Third, even though mtDNA is typically used to study historical demographic processes, it also contains information about contemporary processes. Higher survival rates of males in non-native habitats can erase the genetic structure present in their mothers within a single

A functional electric orthesis on the paretic leg improves quality of life of stroke patients Órtese elétrica funcional usada no membro inferior parético melhora a qualidade de vida em pacientes com acidente vascular encefálico

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Mara Renata Fernandes

2006-03-01

Full Text Available CONTEXT: Hemiparesia changes quality of life of patients with stroke making difficult a normal life. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effect of Functional Eletric Orthesis (FEO applied over the paretic leg in the quality of life of stroke patients. METHOD: The quality of life of 50 stroke patients of Associacao de Assistencia a Crianca Deficiente (AACD was evaluated with SF-36 questionnaire before and after the treatment with a FEO for rehabilitation of walking. We analyzed data according to gender and affected hemisphere. RESULTS: The average values from all domains of SF-36 improved significantly (pCONTEXTO: A hemiparesia altera a qualidade de vida de pacientes com acidente vascular encefálico (AVE dificultando uma vida normal. OBJETIVO: Avaliar o efeito da Órtese Elétrica Funcional (OEF colocada na perna parética, sobre a qualidade de vida de pacientes com AVE. MÉTODO: A qualidade de vida de 50 pacientes da AACD foi avaliada pelo questionário SF-36 antes e após o tratamento com OEF. Os dados foram analisados segundo sexo e lado do corpo acometido pelo AVE. RESULTADOS: As médias em todas as categorias do SF-36 foram significantemente maiores após tratamento com OEF (p<0,001. Pacientes do sexo feminino apresentaram resultados superiores aos do sexo masculino nos Aspectos Emocionais (p=0,04 e apresentaram tendência a melhora em Dor e Aspectos Sociais. Pacientes com hemiparesia direita obtiveram resultados superiores aos com hemiparesia esquerda nos Aspectos Emocionais (p=0,02. CONCLUSÃO: A utilização da OEF na perna parética por AVE é eficaz em melhorar a qualidade de vida dos pacientes.

Relação da maturação com a antropometria e aptidão física na iniciação desportiva

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Breno Guilherme Cabral

2013-12-01

Full Text Available O presente estudo centra-se em verificar a influência da maturação na antropometria e aptidão física de jovens praticantes de voleibol, observando a correlação do estado maturacional com as demais variáveis. A amostra do estudo foi composta por 149 sujeitos (n= 149 de 8 a 14 anos. Para verificação da maturação, utilizou-se a idade cronológica e idade óssea como preditor maturacional através do método Grave-Brown (1976. Por sua vez, para as variáveis antropométricas, foram usadas as medidas de massa, estatura, índice ponderal, diâmetros biacromial e bi-crista ilíaca, perímetros de braço e perna, e perímetros de braço e de perna corrigidos, além dos testes físicos de agilidade, coordenação e força explosiva de membros inferiores e superiores. Ao observar a correlação entre a maturação e as demais variáveis, constatou-se que, no feminino, apenas o índice ponderal não apresentou correlação significativa e, no masculino, o índice ponderal, agilidade e coordenação. Em ambos os sexos, a estatura e diâmetros biacromial e bi-crista ilíaca apresentaram bons resultados. Assim, o estudo permite concluir que existe correlação entre o estágio maturacional, a variável força e variáveis antropométricas, ressaltando, ainda, a importância da avaliação de diferentes variáveis ao se trabalhar com orientação e promoção de talentos no desporto.

First report of predation on floral visitors by crab spiders on Croton selowii Baill. (Euphorbiaceae Primeiro registro de predação de visitantes florais por aranhas-caranguejo em Croton selowii Baill. (Euphorbiaceae

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Reinaldo Rodrigo Novo

2010-06-01

Full Text Available In the literature it has been extensively mentioned that crab spiders (Araneae: Thomisidae prey on floral visitors of several plant species. Here we present observations of Croton selowii Baill. (Euphorbiaceae, a monoecious species harboring individuals of crab spiders in an area of coastal vegetation of Pernambuco state, Brazil. The species is visited by several invertebrate orders, and some of them were preyed upon by the spiders, mainly Diptera species. The spiders rubbed the forelimbs within the flowers, which may constitute a strategy to camouflage these structures. Croton selowii seems to represent a suitable foraging site for the spiders, because it has a generalist pollination system (thus being visited by a wide range of invertebrate species and blooms in a period of low flower resource availability in the area.Na literatura tem sido amplamente registrado que aranhas Thomisidae predam visitantes florais de várias espécies de planta. Neste estudo nós apresentamos observações de Croton selowii Baill. (Euphorbiaceae, uma espécie monóica, abrigando aranhas Thomisidae em uma área de restinga de Pernambuco, Brasil. A espécie é visitada por invertebrados de várias ordens e vários deles são predados pelas aranhas, principalmente espécies de Diptera. As aranhas apresentaram um comportamento de esfregar as pernas dianteiras dentro das flores, o que pode ser interpretado como uma estratégia de camuflagem das pernas. Croton selowii parece representar um bom sítio de forrageamento para essas aranhas, pois possui um sistema de polinização generalista, sendo visitado por ampla gama de invertebrados e floresce em um período de baixa disponibilidade de flores na área.

Biomarkers of petroleum contamination in the digestive gland of Perna viridis (L.)

Digital Repository Service at National Institute of Oceanography (India)

Verlecar, X.N.; Jena, K.B.; Desai, S.R.; Das, P.B.; Chainy, G.B.N.

metabolites as well as reactive oxygen species (ROS) causing oxidative damage to cells (18,19). Th is induces antioxidative responses to protect cells against the unfavorable eff ects of ROS. To this end, superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT... in the digestive gland. Th e parameters measured included LPX, PC, hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), GSH, ASA, and antioxidant enzymes such as SOD, CAT, GPX, GR, and GST as indices of oxidative stress, and DNA strand breaks as an index of genotoxic stress. Th ese...

Sedimentos laminados de la Bahía Mejillones como registro de cambios temporales en la productividad fitoplanctónica de los últimos ~ 200 años Temporal changes in phytoplankton productivity over the last ~ 200 years recorded from Mejillones Bay laminated sediments

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MAGALY CANIUPÁN

2009-03-01

Full Text Available Con el objetivo de reconstruir los cambios temporales de la productividad fitoplanctónica durante el pasado reciente, se han analizado los contenidos de carbono orgánico total, ópalo biogénico, "chlorins" y alquenonas en un testigo de sedimentos laminados recuperado de la Bahía Mejillones. Adicionalmente, los parámetros físicos medidos (contenido de agua, densidad seca, susceptibilidad magnética, rayos-X y escala de grises contribuyeron a la caracterización de los sedimentos. El testigo recuperado con un sacatestigo de caja (Testigo 3; 23°03' S, 70°27' W; 80 m de profundidad de la columna de agua registró una tasa de sedimentación de 0,18 cm año-1 (basada en mediciones de 210Pb. La extrapolación de esta tasa de sedimentación a la base del testigo da cuenta de una edad de ~223 años. Los sedimentos se caracterizaron por presentar una sucesión de láminas claras y oscuras de grosor milimétrico, que se diferencian tanto en sus propiedades físicas como en la composición. Así las láminas oscuras, de mayor densidad y menor contenido de agua, representarían períodos de mayor productividad fitoplanctónica mientras que las láminas claras, de menor densidad y mayor contenido de agua, reflejarían períodos de menor productividad, concordando con estudios previos. La buena preservación de las láminas, lajiusencia de estructuras asociadas a procesos de bioperturbación, y los altos valores del δ15N sedimentario ( = 11,37 %¿ sugieren que los niveles de oxígeno en el agua de fondo de la bahía han permanecido bajos durante el período de dos siglos de depositación de los sedimentos reportados aquí. Nuestro registro se divide en dos grandes intervalos de productividad: un intervalo de menor productividad fitoplanctónica, antes de AD 1820, asociado a condiciones relativamente más cálidas en al área de surgencia, y otro de mayor productividad y altamente variable, a partir de AD 1877, relacionado con condiciones relativamente

Variaciones del sistema de surgencia de Punta Angamos (23 S y la Zona de Mínimo Oxígeno durante el pasado reciente: Una aproximación desde el registro sedimentario de la Bahía Mejillones del Sur Variations of Punta Angamos upwelling system (23 S and the Oxygen Minimum Zone during the recent past: An approximation from sedimentary record of Mejillones del Sur Bay

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JORGE VALDÉS

2003-09-01

Full Text Available Parámetros geoquímicos (carbono orgánico, sílice biogénica y cadmio y petrográficos (materia orgánica estudiados en un testigo de sedimento de la Bahía Mejillones del Sur fueron utilizados para inferir variaciones en la productividad biológica superficial y la oxigenación subsuperficial durante los últimos 2.000 años. Este estudio demuestra que al interior de la bahía la productividad ha disminuido hacia el presente mientras que la Zona de Mínimo Oxígeno se ha intensificado. Se plantea que las variaciones de la productividad se deben a un desplazamiento del centro de surgencia de Punta Angamos, más cerca o más lejos de la bahía y/o a cambios en su intensidad asociados al régimen de vientos locales. Por su parte, la oxigenación estaría influenciada por el ascenso o descenso de la Zona de Mínimo Oxígeno presente en el área. Una correlación de estos resultados con estudios de bioindicadores realizados en otros testigos de la Bahía Mejillones permiten reforzar la hipótesis de que eventos como la Pequeña Edad del Hielo y el Episodio Cálido de la Edad Media han quedado registrados en esta bahía del norte de Chile. Según el presente estudio, el primer periodo estaría caracterizado por un aumento de la productividad superficial y un descenso en la oxigenación subsuperficial de la bahía, mientras que el segundo periodo presentaría características opuestas.Geochemical (organic carbon, biogenic silica and cadmium and petrographic (organic matter parameters analyzed in a sediment core of Mejillones del Sur Bay, have been used to reconstruct past variations in superficial biological productivity and subsuperficial oxygenation, during the last 2,000 years. This study tends to demonstrate that into the bay, the productivity has diminished up to the present, while the Oxygen Minimum Zone has intensified. Productivity variations can be attributed to changes in the upwelling intensity associated to changes in local wind system

Inter rater reliability of Pressure Ulcer Scale for Healing (PUSH in patients with chronic leg ulcers Confiabilidad inter-observadores del Pressure Ulcer Scale for Healing (PUSH en pacientes con úlceras crónicas en la pierna Confiabilidade interobservadores do Pressure Ulcer Scale for Healing (PUSH, em pacientes com úlceras crônicas de perna

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Vera Lúcia Conceição de Gouveia Santos

2007-06-01

Full Text Available This study aimed to evaluate the inter rater reliability of the Pressure Ulcer Scale for Healing (PUSH, in its version adapted to the Portuguese language, in patients with chronic leg ulcers. Kappa index was used for the analysis. After accomplishing ethical issues, 41 patients with ulcers were examined. A total of 49% of the ulcers were located in the right leg and 36% of them were venous ulcers. The Kappa indices (0.97 to 1.00 obtained in the comparison between the observations of the clinical nurses and the stomal therapists for all sub-scales and for total score, confirmed the tool inter rater reliability, with statistical significance (pEl objetivo del estúdio fue probar la confiabilidad inter-observadores del Pressure Ulcer Scale for Healing (PUSH, en su versión adaptada al portugués, en pacientes con úlceras crónicas en la pierna. Para el análisis de concordancia se utilizó el Indice Kappa. Posterior a la aprobación del Comité de Ética, 41 pacientes con úlcera fueron examinados, siendo que 49% de las úlceras se localizaron a la derecha y 36% eran de etiología venosa. Los indices Kappa obtenidos (0,97 a 1,00, con un nivel significativo de pTestar a confiabilidade interobservadores do Pressure Ulcer Scale for Healing (PUSH, em sua versão adaptada para o português, em pacientes com úlceras crônicas de perna foi o objetivo deste estudo. Para a análise de concordância, utilizou-se o índice Kappa. Após aprovação pelo Comitê de Ética, pacientes com úlceras (41 úlceras foram examinados, sendo que 49% das úlceras localizavam-se à direita e 36% eram de etiologia venosa. Os índices Kappa obtidos (0,97 a 1,00, com significância estatística (p<0,001, ratificaram a confiabilidade interobservadores, ao ser obtida concordância de muito boa a total entre as observações de enfermeiros clínicos e especialistas em estomaterapia (padrão-ouro, para todas as subescalas do PUSH, como para o escore total. Esses resultados

Características de carcaça de caprinos de cinco grupos raciais criados em confinamento Carcass traits of characteristics of kid goats from five breed groups raised in a feedlot system

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Helen Fernanda Barros Gomes

2011-02-01

Full Text Available Este trabalho foi realizado com o objetivo de avaliar a influência do grupo racial e da condição sexual nas características da carcaça de caprinos jovens criados em confinamento. Foram utilizados 91 animais, 52 machos e 39 fêmeas, pertencentes a cinco grupos raciais: Alpino, ½Boer + ½Alpino, ½Anglo Nubiano + ½Alpino, ¾Boer + ¼Alpino, e ½Anglo Nubiano + ¼Boer + ¼Alpino. Foi tomado o peso ao jejum, no dia do abate, após 24 horas de jejum de sólidos. Foram tomadas medidas biométricas e de carcaça, objetiva e subjetivamente. O grupo racial influenciou a altura de cernelha, o comprimento interno e externo da carcaça e o comprimento de perna, que foram maiores nos animais Alpinos, bem como a largura do peito, o escore corporal, os índices de compacidade da carcaça e da perna e a cobertura de gordura da carcaça, que foram melhores nos animais com grau de sangue Boer. Animais machos tiveram maior altura de cernelha, medidas da estérnebra com ultrassom, comprimento interno da carcaça, comprimento de perna, profundidade dos tecidos na altura da 3ª e 4ª estérnebras tomadas na carcaça. Nas demais características corporais avaliadas, não foram encontradas diferenças entre grupos raciais e sexo dos animais. O cruzamento do grupo Boer com Alpino reduz o comprimento das carcaças e aumenta a cobertura de gordura e a quantidade de tecidos depositados, mas não influencia o desempenho do animal.This study was carried out with the objective of evaluating the influence of breed groups and sexual conditional on carcass traits of young goats raised in feedlot. It was used 91 animals, 52 males and 39 females, belonging to five breed groups: Alpine, ½Boer + ½Alpine, ½Nubian + ½Alpine, ¾Boer + ¼Alpine and ½ Anglo-Nubian + ¼Boer + ¼Alpine. On the slaughter day, the shrunk weight was measured after 24 hours of solid fasting. Biometric and carcass measures were objectively and subjectively taken. Racial group influenced withers

A lagosta judia

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Heloísa Pait

2008-10-01

Full Text Available Era uma vez uma lagosta judia muito observadora das leis de sua religião. A lagosta lia a Torá com tamanha devoção que chegava a espantar seus amigos do mar. Os cavalos marinhos e ostras achavam que se tratava de uma fase, comum nos crustáceos, de busca espiritual. Mas a tal “fase” não parecia ter fim, e não era difícil ver a lagosta preparando-­se para seu sereno Shabat, cobrindo suas pernas até a altura do que ela, solitariamente, interpretava serem seus “joelhos”, e recontando a quem se dispusesse a ouvir as agruras do povo que ela queria fosse o seu.

Contenido de metales en sedimentos y en Emerita analoga (Stimpson, 1857, en bahía Mejillones del Sur, Chile

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Marcos Guiñez

2015-03-01

Full Text Available Se determinó la concentración de Cu, Cd, Ni y Zn en sedimentos intermareales y Emérita analoga (Stimpson, 1857, en ocho sectores de la bahía de Mejillones del sur, Chile. Sólo el Zn presentó un cierto grado de contaminación en los sedimentos de la bahía con un índice de geoacumulación de 2,8. Al analizar el contenido de metales en E. analoga, se determinó que esta especie estaría bioacumulando algunos de los metales analizados pero en baja magnitud, a excepción del Zn con un factor de bioacumulación de 2,07. El dendrograma de similitud realizado con datos del índice de bioacumulación, relacionó los valores de este índice con la distribución espacial de las principales industrias y zonas urbanas. Esta concordancia permite establecer que E. analoga estaría respondiendo como un indicador de la salud ambiental para este sistema. Además, es importante destacar que esta bahía está experimentando los primeros indicios de una zona industrial moderadamente impactada. Por lo tanto, es necesario realizar mediciones constantes, que abarquen más de una matriz ambiental, para controlar el impacto antrópico en este ecosistema marino costero altamente productivo.

Antifouling activity of Indian marine invertebrate against the green mussel Perna viridis L.

Digital Repository Service at National Institute of Oceanography (India)

PrabhaDevi; Jayasree, V.; Naik, C.G.; Parameswaran, P.S.; Raveendran, T.V.; Kamat, S.Y.

antifouling activ- ity, which was evident from the few observations made in the present study, for example, C. kremfi collected from Kalpeni showed moderate activity, while that from Kada- math showed no activity. Similarly, C. pachyclados from Kalpeni showed... moderate activity, while that from Kada- math showed strong activity. This was also the case with Suberogorgia suberosa from Mandapam and Beyt Dwarka, which showed no and positive activity, respectively. Intra- specific variability in the chemically...

Biochemical markers of oxidative stress in Perna viridis exposed to mercury and temperature

Digital Repository Service at National Institute of Oceanography (India)

Verlecar, X.N.; Jena, K.B.; Chainy, G.B.N.

peroxidation (LPX). Increased activities of antioxidants such as superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPX), glutathione reductase (GR) and glutathione-S-transferase (GST) both in gills and digestive glands under long...

Evaluating Complementary Therapies for Canine Osteoarthritis Part I: Green-Lipped Mussel (Perna canaliculus

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Anna Hielm-Björkman

2009-01-01

Full Text Available A green-lipped mussel (GLM preparation was evaluated in a randomized, double-controlled and double-blinded clinical trial. It was hypothesized that the treatment effect would be less than that of the positive control (carprofen but more than that of the negative control (placebo. Forty-five dogs with chronic pain and a radiographic diagnosis of osteoarthritis that were randomly allocated into one of three groups completed the study. All dogs were fed the test products or placebo for 8 weeks. The dogs were evaluated four times, at 4-week intervals. Six different variables were assessed: veterinary-assessed mobility index, two force plate variables, owner-evaluated chronic pain index and pain as well as locomotion visual analogue scales (VASs. Intake of extra carprofen was also evaluated. A chi-squared and a Mann–Whitney test were used to determine significance between groups. When changed to dichotomous variables, there were more dogs in the GLM than in the placebo group that improved, according to veterinary-assessed mobility, owner-evaluated chronic pain index and pain VAS (P = 0.031, P = 0.025, P = 0.011, respectively. For the same three, the odds ratio and their confidence interval were over one. The extent of improvement was significantly different between the GLM and the control in veterinary-assessed mobility (P = 0.012 and pain VAS (P = 0.004. In conclusion, GLM alleviated chronic orthopedic pain in dogs although it was not as effective as carprofen. As no side-effects were detected, GLM may be beneficial in dogs e.g. when non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs cannot be used.

The physical structure of a cold filament in a Chilean upwelling zone (Península de Mejillones, Chile, 23°S)

Science.gov (United States)

Sobarzo, Marcus; Figueroa, Dante

2001-12-01

Cold filaments associated with Eastern Boundary Currents are typically narrower than 100 km but can be several hundred kilometers long, extending from the coast to the open ocean in upwelling areas. One such structure, observed off Península de Mejillones (23°S, Chile), was studied with both satellite images and two 5-days hydrographic cruises carried out during January 1997. The study used a coastal grid of 31 stations in an area of 165 ×155 km 2, approximately. The spatial distribution of the filament and its change between cruises are described from the horizontal distributions of dynamic height, temperature, salinity and dissolved oxygen. The filament was a shallow feature (thickness zone show the ascent of the shallow salinity minimum (SSM), and its extension toward the ocean, bound to the filament. It is concluded that Subantarctic Water ((SAAW) distinguish by low salinity, high dissolved oxygen) and Equatorial Subsurface Water ((ESSW) high salinity, low dissolved oxygen, high nutrient content) form this filament, and that their relative proportions depend on the strength of the coastal upwelling. Thus, the knowledge of the dynamics of these structures is fundamental to better understanding of the spatial distribution of important biological variables, such as nutrients and chlorophyll, in the coastal ecosystem.

Health risk assessments of heavy metal exposure via consumption of marine mussels collected from anthropogenic sites

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Yap, Chee Kong; Cheng, Wan Hee; Karami, Ali; Ismail, Ahmad

2016-01-01

A total of 40 marine mussel Perna viridis populations collected (2002–2009) from 20 geographical sites located in two busy shipping lanes namely the Straits of Malacca (10 sites; 16 populations) and the Straits of Johore (8 sites; 21 populations) and three populations (2 sites) on the east coast of Peninsular Malaysia, was determined for Cd, Cu, Fe, Ni, Pb and Zn concentrations. In comparison with the maximum permissible limits (MPLs) set by existing food safety guidelines, all metal concentrations found in all the mussel populations were lower than the prescribed MPLs. In terms of the provisional tolerable weekly intake prescribed by the Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives (JECFA) and oral reference doses (ORDs) by the USEPA, all the studied metals (except for Pb) were unlikely to become the limiting factors or unlikely to pose a risk for the consumption of the mussel populations. The estimated daily intake (EDI) for average level mussel (ALM) and high level mussel (HLM) consumers of mussels was found to be lower than the ORD guidelines for Cd, Cu, Fe, Ni and Zn. Furthermore, the target hazard quotient (THQ) was found to be less than 1 for ALM consumers but higher than 1 for HLM consumers in some sites. Therefore, there were no potential human health risks to the ALM consumers of the mussels. However, for Pb THQ values, the Pb levels in some mussel populations could create a health risk problem. Present results indicate that the consumption amounts of mussels should be limited for minimizing potential health risks of heavy metals to the HLM consumers. - Highlights: • Human health risk assessments of heavy metals in Perna viridis were investigated. • All metals in the mussels were below the established seafood safety guidelines. • Pb in mussels could easily reach the percentage of prescribed PTWI value of Pb. • Potential health risk with Pb exposure was found for the mussel consumers. • Consumption rate of mussels should be limited to

Treinamento de sobrecarga muscular não afeta o diâmetro das principais veias dos membros inferiores em mulheres adultas com insuficiência venosa

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Gigliola Cibele Cunha da Silva

2010-12-01

Full Text Available O exercício físico pode promover benefícios na funcionalidade do sistema venoso. Contudo, tratando-se de exercício com sobrecargas musculares, observa-se contraindicações quanto à sua prática diante da possibilidade da mesma estar relacionada ao agravamento das disfunções venosas. OBJETIVO: Analisar os efeitos da prática do exercício com sobrecargas musculares sobre o diâmetro venoso de mulheres fisicamente inativas portadoras de insuficiência venosa crônica de membros inferiores. MÉTODOS: Vinte e duas mulheres com idades entre 21 e 58 anos (34,27 ± 12 anos foram divididas aleatoriamente em dois grupos: experimental (n = 12 e controle (n = 10. O treinamento com cargas foi realizado por 16 semanas, e o diâmetro venoso foi medido nas veias safenas magna (em nível da coxa e perna e parva no membro inferior esquerdo por meio de ecodoppler colorido. Utilizou-se a ANOVA por dois fatores para avaliar as possíveis modificações dos diâmetros entre os grupos e ao longo do tempo (p < 0,05. RESULTADOS: Não foram encontradas alterações significativas nos diâmetros das veias safenas parva (porções superior, média e inferior: p = 0,80, 0,32 e 0,20, respectivamente, magna em nível da perna (p = 0,17, 0,74 e 0,96 e magna em nível da coxa (p = 0,57, 0,67 e 0,52. CONCLUSÃO: A prática do exercício com sobrecargas musculares pode ser considerada um meio de intervenção ou tratamento, uma vez que não promoveu alterações no diâmetro venoso de mulheres que apresentaram insuficiência venosa crônica nos membros inferiores.

Health risk assessments of heavy metal exposure via consumption of marine mussels collected from anthropogenic sites

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Yap, Chee Kong, E-mail: yapckong@hotmail.com [Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM), 43400 Serdang, Selangor (Malaysia); Cheng, Wan Hee [Inti International University, Persiaran Perdana BBN, 71800 Nilai, Negeri Sembilan (Malaysia); Karami, Ali [Laboratory of Aquatic Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM), 43400 Serdang, Selangor (Malaysia); Ismail, Ahmad [Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM), 43400 Serdang, Selangor (Malaysia)

2016-05-15

A total of 40 marine mussel Perna viridis populations collected (2002–2009) from 20 geographical sites located in two busy shipping lanes namely the Straits of Malacca (10 sites; 16 populations) and the Straits of Johore (8 sites; 21 populations) and three populations (2 sites) on the east coast of Peninsular Malaysia, was determined for Cd, Cu, Fe, Ni, Pb and Zn concentrations. In comparison with the maximum permissible limits (MPLs) set by existing food safety guidelines, all metal concentrations found in all the mussel populations were lower than the prescribed MPLs. In terms of the provisional tolerable weekly intake prescribed by the Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives (JECFA) and oral reference doses (ORDs) by the USEPA, all the studied metals (except for Pb) were unlikely to become the limiting factors or unlikely to pose a risk for the consumption of the mussel populations. The estimated daily intake (EDI) for average level mussel (ALM) and high level mussel (HLM) consumers of mussels was found to be lower than the ORD guidelines for Cd, Cu, Fe, Ni and Zn. Furthermore, the target hazard quotient (THQ) was found to be less than 1 for ALM consumers but higher than 1 for HLM consumers in some sites. Therefore, there were no potential human health risks to the ALM consumers of the mussels. However, for Pb THQ values, the Pb levels in some mussel populations could create a health risk problem. Present results indicate that the consumption amounts of mussels should be limited for minimizing potential health risks of heavy metals to the HLM consumers. - Highlights: • Human health risk assessments of heavy metals in Perna viridis were investigated. • All metals in the mussels were below the established seafood safety guidelines. • Pb in mussels could easily reach the percentage of prescribed PTWI value of Pb. • Potential health risk with Pb exposure was found for the mussel consumers. • Consumption rate of mussels should be limited to

Meat quality of lambs fed silk flower hay (Calotropis procera SW in the diet Qualidade de carne de cordeiros alimentados com feno de flor-de-seda (Calotropis procera SW na dieta

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Roberto Germano Costa

2011-06-01

Full Text Available The objective of this work was to evaluate the influence of using silk flower hay replacing corn and soybean meal on physical-chemical and sensorial traits of lamb meat. It was used 32 intact Morada Nova male lambs (12.7 ± 2 kg initial body weigth on feedlot system, distributed in a completely randomized design with four levels (0, 15, 30 and 45% on dry matter basis. The use of silk flower hay in the diet influenced quality of meat and carcass, leg weight, tissue composition, moisture, juiciness and flavor. Replacing corn (26.67% and soybean (3.33% with silk flower hay does not affect the tissue composition, ratios and muscularity index of leg and physical-chemical parameters of semimembranosus muscle of Morada Nova lambs.Objetivou-se avaliar a influência do uso de feno de flor-de-seda em substituição ao milho e ao farelo de soja nas características físico-químicas e sensoriais da carne de cordeiros. Utilizaram-se 32 cordeiros Morada Nova, machos não-castrados (12,7 ± 2 kg de peso vivo inicial, em confinamento, distribuídos em delineamento inteiramente ao acaso com quatro níveis (0, 15, 30 e 45% com base na MS. A utilização de feno de flor-de-seda na dieta influenciou a qualidade da carcaça e da carne, o peso da perna, a composição tecidual, a umidade, a suculência e o sabor. A substituição do milho (26,67% e da soja (3,33% pelo feno de flor-de-seda não altera composição tecidual, relação e índice de muscularidade da perna e os parâmetros físico-químicos do músculo semimembranosus de cordeiros Morada Nova.

Diferentes Perfis de Aminoácidos para Frangos de Corte no Período de 43 a 56 Dias de Idade

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Araújo Lúcio Francelino

2002-01-01

Full Text Available Um experimento foi conduzido para avaliar o desempenho e rendimento de carcaça de duas marcas comerciais de frangos de corte alimentados com diferentes perfis de aminoácidos. Dados de desempenho (ganho de peso, consumo de ração e conversão alimentar, carcaça (rendimento de carcaça, peito, pernas, dorso, asas, pés, cabeça e gordura abdominal e vísceras comestíveis (moela, fígado e coração foram coletados. O experimento foi realizado no período de 43 a 56 dias de idade e o delineamento experimental foi inteiramente casualizado em esquema fatorial 2x4 (duas marcas comerciais -- Hubbard e HI-Yield, e quatro perfis de aminoácidos - NRC (1994, Rostagno et al. (1992, Degussa (1997 e AEC (1993, com quatro repetições de 50 aves cada. Quando as diferentes recomendações foram comparadas, o nível de lisina foi mantido constante, utilizando o nível do NRC (1994 como padrão. As aves alimentadas com dietas formuladas segundo recomendações do NRC (1994 apresentaram menor ganho de peso e pior conversão alimentar. As aves da marca comercial Hubbard apresentaram melhor ganho de peso, porém o consumo e a conversão alimentar não foram alterados. O rendimento de carcaça não diferiu entre os tratamentos. Contudo, as aves da marca comercial Hubbard apresentaram melhor rendimento de pernas e as aves HI-Yield, melhor rendimento de peito. A gordura abdominal foi afetada pelos tratamentos estudados em que aves da marca comercial Hubbard e alimentadas de acordo com os níveis recomendados pelo AEC (1993 apresentaram menor porcentagem de gordura abdominal. Não ocorreu efeito significativo para as vísceras comestíveis.

Distribution of Euphausia mucronata at the upwelling area of Peninsula Mejillones, northern Chile: The influence of the oxygen minimum layer

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R. Escribano

2000-03-01

Full Text Available Analysis of zooplankton samples from 53 stations obtained around Peninsula Mejillones (Northern Chile, from two strata: 0-50 m and 150-200 m, during active upwelling in December 1996, allowed the study of horizontal and vertical distribution of Euphausia mucronata, endemic Krill of the Humboldt Current. Information from CTDO and a fluorometer was used to analyze the influence of oceanographic variables on distribution of E. mucronata. E. mucronata was found distributed all around the Peninsula, although with greater aggregations in the southern area, especially in the deeper layer. Stepwise multiple regression showed that none of the variables (temperature, salinity and chlorophyll was significantly correlated to numerical abundance of the species. However there was a significant effect of depth of the oxygen minimum layer (OML, defined as 0.5 ml O2 l-1, on integrated abundance of the species, such that individuals are more likely to be found in areas where the OML is deeper. A vertical distribution parameter suggested a diurnal migrational pattern. This parameter was also correlated with distance to shoreline. The OML rises abrutply in nearshore areas because of active upwelling, but there are still nearshore zones where the OML remains deep. Therefore E. mucronata appears to aggregate around the upwelling lenses and filaments, where phytoplankton is more concentrated, but at the same time avoiding places where the OML is too shallow.

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Roberta Gregoli

2017-03-01

Full Text Available Este artigo é uma análise detalhada dos elementos cinemáticos de uma Globochanchada imensamente popular, De Pernas para o Ar (Roberto Santucci, 2011, à luz da teoria feminist e da teorização de Mikhail Bakhtin acerco do carnavalesco. O artigo tem como objetivo investigar o modo através do qual uma crescente demanda por representação popular é utilizada para cooptar demandas socialmente progressistas – incluindo as feministas. A análise revela que, enquanto o filme contém elementos transgressivos relacionados à sexualidade das mulheres, ele no entanto faz uso das mesmas práticas opressoras às quais o feminismo historicamente se opõe. Palavras chave: gênero; carnavalesco; comédia; cinema brasileiro; Globochanchada.

Cytogenetic studies in green mussel, Perna viridis (Mytiloida: Pteriomorphia), from West Coast of India

Digital Repository Service at National Institute of Oceanography (India)

Iqbal, A.N.M.Z.; Khan, M.S.; Goswami, U.

species belonging to Pulmonate Communicated by S.W.A. Naqvi. A. N. Muhammed Zafar Iqbal (&) C1 M. S. Khan C1 U. Goswami Biological Oceanography Division, National Institute of Oceanography, Dona Paula, Goa, India e-mail: zafar_ian@yahoo.co.uk; zafarin... aquaculture productivity, with annual yield of 3,22,234 tonnes in 2004 (FAO 2004) and holds the 19th position in the worldwide mariculture industry. Karyotypic features have been analyzed and documented in detail using con- ventional staining, C-banding and Ag...

Modulation of antioxidant defences in digestive gland of Perna viridis (L.), on mercury exposures

Digital Repository Service at National Institute of Oceanography (India)

Verlecar, X.N.; Jena, K.B.; Chainy, G.B.N.

by defense sys- tems. Antioxidant enzymes like superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPX), glutathione reductase (GR) and glutathione S-transferase (GST) and non enzymatic antioxidant molecules such as reduced glutathione (GSH...- sures include lipid peroxidation (LPX), protein carbonyl (PC), hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2 ), GSH, ascorbic acid (ASA) and antioxidant enzymes such as SOD, CAT, GPX, GR and GST. In addition DNA strand breaks, as an index of genotoxic stress and MT...

Radioprotection against DNA damage by an extract of Indian green mussel, Perna viridis (L.)

Digital Repository Service at National Institute of Oceanography (India)

Kumaran, S.P.; Kutty, B.C.; Chatterji, A.; Parameswaran, P.S.; Mishra, K.P.

-irradiation Prevention of DNA damage both in plasmid and lymphocytes and cell death in lymphocytes appears correlated with reduction of oxidatively generated free radicals It is concluded that protection against radiation-induced cell death and DNA damage by MH...

Proximate biochemical composition and caloric potential in the raft-grown green mussel Perna viridis

Digital Repository Service at National Institute of Oceanography (India)

Rivonker, C.U.; Parulekar, A.H.

The biochemical components of the mussel tissue, cultured on the raft were estimated. The range of variation in the content of moisture, protein, carbohydrates, lipid, organic carbon and ash were 66.8-90.1; 46.2-67.4; 11.7-18.6; 2.9-7.4; 19...

Growth of the green mussel, Perna viridis L., in a sea water circulating system

Digital Repository Service at National Institute of Oceanography (India)

Chatterji, A.; Ansari, Z.A.; Ingole, B.S.; Parulekar, A.H.

Growth of the green mussel, P. viridis L., was studied in a sea water circulating system for 12 months. The maximum growth rate was recorded during March - May, coinciding with the maximum abundance of phytoplankton. The other hydrological...

Caso para diagnóstico Case for diagnosis

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Leonardo Mello Ferreira

2006-06-01

Full Text Available Descreve-se caso clínico de paciente tratado de hanseníase dimorfa, que utilizou automedicação, com doses variadas de corticosteróide oral, por longo período, devido à neuropatia hansênica. Desenvolveu lesão nódulo-cística, amarelada, com algumas crostas, envolta por halo eritêmato-acastanhado, na face interna da perna esquerda. O exame micológico direto confirmou a hipótese diagnóstica de feo-hifomicose.We report a patient suffering from dimorphic Hansen's disease who has self medicated his neuropathy with oral corticosteroid for a long time. A yellowish, nodular-cystic lesion partially topped with crusting, surrounded by a brownish red halo, was noted on the inner aspect of his left leg. Direct mycological examination confirmed the hypothesis of pheohyphomycosis.

Manifestações cutâneas das trombofilias Cutaneous manifestations of thrombophilia

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Paulo Ricardo Criado

2008-12-01

Full Text Available O escopo deste artigo é revisar os estados de hipercoagulabilidade sangüínea (trombofilias mais provavelmente encontrados por dermatologista. Seus sinais cutâneos incluem o livedo reticular, necrose cutânea, ulcerações e isquemia digital, púrpura retiforme, além de úlceras nas pernas. Revisamos seu tratamento adequado, bem como ressaltamos as manifestações cutâneas que impõem pesquisa laboratorial de trombofilias e os exames indicados nessas situações.The aim of this article is to review the hypercoagulable states (thrombophilia most probably found by dermatologists; their cutaneous signs including livedo racemosa, skin necrosis, digital ischemia and ulcerations, retiform purpura and leg ulcers; their appropriate treatment; to describe the skin manifestations that require laboratory tests for thrombophilias and the tests indicated in these clinical conditions.

Histiocitoma fibroso benigno profundo: achados na tomografia computadorizada e histologia Deep benign fibrous histiocytoma: computed tomography and histology findings

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Luciano Farage

2005-04-01

Full Text Available Apresentamos imagens de tomografia computadorizada de um paciente de 83 anos de idade com histiocitoma fibroso benigno profundo, na face lateral da perna esquerda, com evolução de longa data. À tomografia computadorizada observamos massa bem delimitada, ovalada, e que apresentava intenso realce periférico com uso do meio de contraste iodado. Este é um tumor de partes moles pouco freqüente e com raros relatos dos seus aspectos de imagem.We present the computed tomography images of an 83-year-old male patient with a deep benign fibrous histiocytoma at the lateral aspect of the left leg. Computed tomography images showed a well-defined mass with marked peripheral enhancement by iodinated contrast medium. Only few reports of this rare soft tissue tumor can be found in the literature.

Zonação de comunidade bêntica do entremarés em molhes sob diferente hidrodinamismo na costa norte do estado do Rio de Janeiro, Brasil Zonation of intertidal benthic communities on breakwaters of different hydrodynamics in the north coast of the state of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

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Bruno P. Masi

2008-12-01

Full Text Available O presente estudo pretende comparar a distribuição vertical da comunidade bêntica na zona entremarés em dois locais compostos por matacões graníticos caracterizados por hidrodinâmica distinta, reflexo da diferença na orientação dos molhes nas praias do Farol de São Tomé (Píer e na Barra do Furado (Barra, norte do Estado do Rio de Janeiro. Quadrados de 400 cm² foram sobrepostos ao longo de três perfis verticais de ambos os sítios e amostrados através do método de fotoquadrats, desde o nível 0,2 m da maré até o limite superior de Littorina spp. O limite superior dos organismos marinhos foi ampliado na Barra (3,8 m em relação ao Píer (2,2 m. Quanto à composição taxonômica, nove espécies foram comuns. Chaetomorpha sp., Chondracanthus teedii (Mertens ex Roth Fredericq e Grateloupia sp. foram exclusivas na Barra, enquanto Tetraclita stalactifera (Lamarck, 1818, Fissurella clench, Gracilaria domingensis (Kützing Sonder ex Dickie e Hypnea musciformis (Wulfen in Jacqu. Lamouroux ocorreram somente no Píer. Em ambos os locais, a riqueza e a diversidade de espécies foram superiores nos quadrados intermediários. Os maiores valores foram registrados na Barra. As maiores diferenças nos agrupamentos entre faixas equivalentes de locais distintos ocorreram na faixa eulitorânea superior, seguida pela faixa eulitorânea inferior e franja sublitorânea. Apenas a orla litorânea não revelou diferença significativa entre os locais, mas uma maior extensão desta franja e da faixa eulitorânea superior era bastante evidente. As demais faixas na Barra do Furado foram caracterizadas em grande parte por espécies típicas de ambientes mais expostos como Chaetomorpha sp. na faixa eulitorânea superior e Perna perna (Linnaeus, 1758 na eulitorânea inferior, além de C. teedii e Ulva fasciata Delile, 1813 na franja sublitorânea. No Píer, as diferentes faixas apresentavam distribuição eqüitativa, refletindo um ambiente menos

Distribuição regional do suor durante exercício progressivo até a fadiga Sweat regional distribution during progressive exercise until fatigue

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João Batista Ferreira Júnior

2009-12-01

Full Text Available A partir da hipótese evolutiva de que a cabeça humana precisa ser resfriada de forma especial, o objetivo do presente estudo foi verificar se a sudorese seria maior na testa do que nas demais regiões do corpo durante o exercício progressivo até a fadiga (EPF. Em 17 voluntários (23 ± 2 anos, 76,93 ± 7,74 kg, 179 ± 7 cm e 1,9 ± 0,1 m² foram medidos a taxa de sudorese local (TSlocal, o número de glândulas de suor ativas (GSA e taxa de suor por GSA (TSlocal.GSA-1 em oito regiões do corpo (testa, costas, peito, braço, antebraço, mão, coxa e perna durante o EPF em cicloergômetro. A TSlocal da testa foi maior que todas as outras regiões e a TSlocal do peito foi maior apenas que a da coxa. O número de GSA da testa foi maior do que em todas as outras regiões, e a GSA da mão foi maior que do peito, braço, coxa e perna. A TSlocal.GSA-1 da testa foi maior do que as do braço, antebraço, mão e coxa, e a TSlocal.GSA-1 das costas e do peito foram maiores que do antebraço e mão. A produção de suor da parte superior do corpo (testa, costas, peito, braço, antebraço, mão foi maior que a inferior (coxa e perna. Concluiu-se que o EPF desencadeou um padrão de produção de suor maior na cabeça que pode estar relacionado à maior convecção nas regiões mais altas do corpo.Considering the hypothesis of human selective brain cooling during exercise should depend on greater sweating mechanism in the forehead. The purpose of this study was verify variations of sweat production between body regions during progressive exercise until fatigue (PEF. Seventeen subjects (23 ± 2 years old, 76.93 ± 7.74 kg, 179 ± 7 cm and 1.9 ± 0.1 m² volunteered for this study. Local sweat rate (STlocal, number of active sweat glands (ASG and sweat rate for ASG (STlocal.ASG-1 in eight body regions (forehead, back, chest, arm, forearm, hand, leg and calf were measured during PEF in cyclergometer. The STlocal of the forehead was higher than in all others

Características químicas e sensoriais de cortes comerciais de caprinos SRD e mestiços de Bôer Chemical and sensorial characteristics of commercial meat cuts of "mesticos" and Boer goats

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Marta Suely Madruga

2005-12-01

Full Text Available Foram estudados o efeito dos fatores genótipos (F1 SRD x Bôer e SRD e cortes comerciais (paleta, perna, lombo, costela e pescoço na qualidade físico-química (pH, atividade de água, qualidade química (composição centesimal, colesterol, cálcio, fósforo e ferro e qualidade sensorial (aparência, aroma caprino, aroma de carne assada, textura, maciez, sabor, suculência e qualidade total da carne caprina. Os fatores genótipos e cortes comerciais influenciaram de forma significativa a composição química da carne caprina. A perna foi o corte que apresentou o maior valor nutricional, com alto teor de proteína e a baixa concentração de lipídeos. No entanto, os atributos sensoriais sofreram pouca influência destes fatores, observando-se uma tendência pela preferência, por parte dos provadores, pela carne dos caprinos da raça F1 - SRD x Bôer. A carne caprina, seja de animais mestiços de Bôer ou de animais SRD, apresentou-se como alimento de excelente valor nutricional, com baixos teores de gordura e elevados percentuais protéicos, associados às excelentes características sensoriais.The effect of the factor genotypes (F1 - SRD x Bôer and SRD and type of cuts (pallet, leg, loin, rib and neck were studied on the physic-chemical (pH, water activity, chemical (proximate composition, cholesterol, calcium, phosphorus and iron contents and sensory quality (appearance, goaty aroma, roasted meat aroma, texture, tenderness, flavour, juiciness, overall palatability of goat meat. Both genotype and commercial cuts had significant influence (p<0,05 on the chemical composition of the goat meat. The leg portion had the best nutritional value, presenting high protein and low lipid contents. However, the sensory parameter had low influence of them, the panel members had a preference for goat meat from F1 - SRD x Bôer animals. The goat meat either of F1 - SRD x Bôer or of SRD breeds was considered as a food of excellent nutritional quality

Conservation laws with coinciding smooth solutions but different conserved variables

Science.gov (United States)

Colombo, Rinaldo M.; Guerra, Graziano

2018-04-01

Consider two hyperbolic systems of conservation laws in one space dimension with the same eigenvalues and (right) eigenvectors. We prove that solutions to Cauchy problems with the same initial data differ at third order in the total variation of the initial datum. As a first application, relying on the classical Glimm-Lax result (Glimm and Lax in Decay of solutions of systems of nonlinear hyperbolic conservation laws. Memoirs of the American Mathematical Society, No. 101. American Mathematical Society, Providence, 1970), we obtain estimates improving those in Saint-Raymond (Arch Ration Mech Anal 155(3):171-199, 2000) on the distance between solutions to the isentropic and non-isentropic inviscid compressible Euler equations, under general equations of state. Further applications are to the general scalar case, where rather precise estimates are obtained, to an approximation by Di Perna of the p-system and to a traffic model.

Growth parameters in the cultured green mussel Perna viridis L. from the Zuari Estuary, Goa

Digital Repository Service at National Institute of Oceanography (India)

Rivonker, C.U.; Sreepada, R.A.; Parulekar, A.H.

inverse relationship. In contrast, growth expressed in terms of weight was significantly influencEd. by chl-a and DO. It was also observed that chl-a either singly or in combination with particulate organic matter had significant effect on growth...

High mortality and poor growth of green mussels, Perna viridis, in high chlorophyll- a environment

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Soon, Tan Kar; Denil, Delta Jenetty; Ransangan, Julian

2016-03-01

The current study was carried out from May 2014 to April 2015 to estimate the stock status of P. viridis in Marudu Bay. The gonad development was monitored by histological examination, while the population parameters including asymptotic length ( L ∞), growth coefficient ( K), mortality rate ( Z, F and M), exploitation level ( E) and recruitment of P. viridis were estimated using the lengthfrequency data. Results of the current study demonstrated that P. viridis in Marudu Bay spawned throughout the year with two major peaks, one in April to May and another one in October to December. The recruitment pattern was continuous with the peak in May to June 2014, which corresponded to the first spawning peak in April. However, no significant recruitment was observed from the second spawning peak due to the difference in spawning timing between male and female populations. The estimated asymptotic length ( L ∞), growth coefficient ( K), total mortality ( Z), natural mortality ( M), fishing mortality ( F) and growth performance ( φ) of P. viridis in Marudu Bay were estimate to be 117 mm, 0.97 yr-1, 4.39 yr-1, 1.23 yr-1, 3.16 yr-1 and 4.123, respectively. The exponent b of the lengthweight relationship was 2.4 and exploitation level ( E) was 0.72. The high mortality, low condition indices and negative allometric of P. viridis in Marudu Bay is caused by a lack of suitable food in the surrounding water.

Identification of lysozyme activity from two edible bivalves - Perna viridis (Linnaeus) and Meretrix casta (Chemnitz)

Digital Repository Service at National Institute of Oceanography (India)

Sharma, S.; Tanu; Chatterji, A.

on the column. Fractions of 1 ml each were collected. The absorbance of these fractions was also monitored at 280 nm. The lysozyme activity was checked against Micrococcus luteus. Ion exchange chromatography - The lyophilized active samples (McL2 and PvL2... in the case of M. casta – McL1, McL2 (fr 7), McL3, McL4, McL5 and McL6, and 7 in the case of P. viridis - PvL1, PvL2 (fr 5), PvL3, PvL4, PvL5, PvL6, PvL 7. Fig. 2: Absorbance of Sephadex fractions of M. casta at 280 nm Absorbance at 280 nm Fig. 3...

An 'artificial mussel' for monitoring heavy metals in marine environments

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Wu, Rudolf S.S.; Lau, T.C.; Fung, Wendy K.M.; Ko, P.H.; Leung, Kenneth M.Y.

2007-01-01

A new chemical sampling device, artificial mussel (AM), has been developed for monitoring metals in marine environments. This device consists of a polymer ligand suspended in artificial seawater within a Perspex tubing, and enclosed with semi-permeable gel at both ends. Laboratory and field experiments were carried out to examine the uptake of five metals (Cd, Cr, Cu, Pb and Zn) by the AM. Uptake of metals by AM was proportional to the exposure metal concentrations, and the AM was able to accumulate the ASV labile fractions of metals. Uptake and release of the metals of AM are similar to those of the mussel Perna viridis, but less affected by salinity and temperature. Field studies demonstrated that the AM can not only provide a time-integrated estimate of metals concentrations, but also allows comparisons of metal levels in different environments and geographical areas beyond the natural distribution limits of biomonitors. - A new monitoring device to provide a time-integrated estimate for monitoring metals in marine environments

O QUE ESTAMOS COMPRANDO - PRODUTOS OU CORPOS? ANÁLISE DE PUBLICIDADES DE CALÇADOS

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Denise Castilhos de Araujo

2006-01-01

Full Text Available Este artigo foi elaborado com o objetivo de analisar o tratamento dado ao corpo da mulher em campanhas de calçados femininos. A partir da análise de 25 anúncios de calçados da região, observou-se que o seu uso é intenso, explorando, muitas vezes, o corpo da mulher de forma fragmentada, focando certas partes como pernas, busto, braços. Além disso, foi possível verificar a imposição de certos conceitos nesses anúncios, os quais são sugeridos pela publicidade, e devem ser seguidos pelos indivíduos se os mesmos querem fazer parte de determinados grupos sociais. Esta é uma pesquisa descritiva, e, para a realização da análise dos anúncios foi utilizada a Semiótica, baseada na sugestão de abordagem proposta pela autora Martine Joly. Palavras-Chave: Corpo. Publicidade. Consumo

Description of a new species of the spider genus Syntrechalea (Araneae: Lycosoidea: Trechaleidae from Colombia Descrição de uma nova espécie de Syntrechalea (Araneae: Lycosoidea: Trechaleidae da Colômbia

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Estevam L. C. da Silva

2008-09-01

Full Text Available A new species of the spider genus Syntrechalea F.O.P.-Cambridge, 1902 is described and illustrated based on material collected in Loreto Mocagua, Colombia. Representatives of this spider genus exhibit an arboreal foraging behavior and are distinguished from the other genera of Trechaleidae by the flattened carapace, long legs and flexible metatarsi and tarsi. New records on the distribution of Syntrechalea tenuis F.O.P.Cambridge, 1902 in Colombia are presented.Uma espécie nova do gênero Syntrechalea F.O.P.-Cambridge, 1902 é descrita e ilustrada, a partir de material coletado em Loreto Mocagua, Colômbia. Os representantes deste gênero apresentam o hábito arbóreo de forragear e são distinguidos dos demais gêneros de Trechaleidae pela carapaça achatada,pernas longas e metatarsos e tarsos flexíveis. Novos registros de distribuição de Syntrechalea tenuis F.O.P.-Cambridge, 1902 na Colômbia são apresentados.

Biomarker responses of mussels exposed to earthquake disturbances

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Chandurvelan, Rathishri; Marsden, Islay D.; Glover, Chris N.; Gaw, Sally

2016-12-01

The green-lipped mussel, Perna canaliculus is recognised as a bioindicator of coastal contamination in New Zealand (NZ). Mussels (shell length 60-80 mm) were collected from three intertidal areas of Canterbury in the South Island of NZ prior to extreme earthquake disturbances on 22nd February 2011, and 9 months later in October 2011. Trace elements, including arsenic (As), cadmium (Cd), copper (Cu), lead (Pb), nickel (Ni), and zinc (Zn), were measured in the gills, digestive gland, foot and mantle. Metal levels in tissues were site specific, and mostly unaffected by earthquake disturbances. Physiological biomarkers were negatively affected by earthquake disturbances and mussels from the Port of Lyttelton had higher negative scope for growth post-earthquake. Metallothionein-like protein in the digestive gland correlated with metal content of tissues, as did catalase activity in the gill and lipid peroxidation values for the digestive gland. This research demonstrates that physiological and other biomarkers are effective at detecting the effects of multiple stressors following seismic disturbances.

Selective colors reflection from stratified aragonite calcium carbonate plates of mollusk shells.

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Lertvachirapaiboon, Chutiparn; Parnklang, Tewarak; Pienpinijtham, Prompong; Wongravee, Kanet; Thammacharoen, Chuchaat; Ekgasit, Sanong

2015-08-01

An interaction between the incident light and the structural architecture within the shell of Asian green mussel (Perna viridis) induces observable pearlescent colors. In this paper, we investigate the influence of the structural architecture on the expressed colors. After a removal of the organic binder, small flakes from crushed shells show vivid rainbow reflection under an optical microscope. An individual flake expresses vivid color under a bright-field illumination while become transparent under a dark-field illumination. The expressed colors of the aragonite flakes are directly associated with its structural architecture. The flakes with aragonite thickness of 256, 310, and 353 nm, respectively, appear blue, green, and red under an optical microscope. The spectral simulation corroborates the experimentally observed optical effects as the flakes with thicker aragonite layers selectively reflected color with longer wavelengths. Flakes with multiple aragonite thicknesses expressed multi-color as the upper aragonite layers allow reflected colors from the lower layers to be observed. Copyright © 2015 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Identification of Listeria monocytogenes on Green Mussels and Cockle Shell

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Winiati Puji Rahayu

2017-02-01

Full Text Available AbstractGreen mussel (Perna viridis and cockle shell (Anadara granosa are one of many sources of animal protein which is many cultivated in Indonesia because their price is relatively affordable. This study was conducted to identify the presence of Listeria monocytogenes in 27 samples of green mussels and 3 samples of cockle shells using real-time Polymerase Chain Reaction (real-time PCR and biochemical methods. The target gene for amplification in real-time PCR was an hlyA gene because this gene was a determinant of virulence genes that produce listeriolysin O. Primers used in this study were forward primer DG69 (GTG CCG GGT AAA AGA CCA TA and reverse primer DG74 (CGC CAC TGA GAT ACT AT and fluorescence signals indicator using SYBR Green I. The results of analysis using real-time PCR were negative Listeria monocytogenes in all samples, while using biochemical methods there was one of 30 samples contaminated by Listeria welshimeri.

Ports and pests: Assessing the threat of aquatic invasive species introduced by maritime shipping activity in Cuba.

Science.gov (United States)

O'Brien, Charleen E; Johnston, Matthew W; Kerstetter, David W

2017-12-15

Aquatic invasive species (AIS) are biological pollutants that cause detrimental ecological, economic, and human-health effects in their introduced communities. With increasing globalization through maritime trade, ports are vulnerable to AIS exposure via commercial vessels. The Cuban Port of Mariel is poised to become a competitive transshipment hub in the Caribbean and the intent of this study was to evaluate present and potential impacts AIS pose with the likely future increase in shipping activity. We utilized previous assessment frameworks and publicly accessible information to rank AIS by level of threat. Fifteen AIS were identified in Cuba and one, the Asian green mussel Perna viridis (Linnaeus, 1758), had repeated harmful economic impacts. Five species associated with trade partners of Port Mariel were considered potentially detrimental to Cuba if introduced through shipping routes. The results presented herein identify species of concern and emphasize the importance of prioritizing AIS prevention and management within Cuba. Copyright © 2017 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Caracterização dos sintomas físicos de estresse na equipe de pronto atendimento

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Sílvia Maria de Carvalho Farias

2011-06-01

Full Text Available O profissional de enfermagem que atua no Pronto Atendimento sofre sintomas físicos de estresse em sua atividade diária. O objetivo desta pesquisa foi caracterizar esses sintomas com utilização do instrumento semiestruturado Occupational Stress Indicator. Para tanto, os autores elaboraram perguntas abertas, aplicadas em entrevistas gravadas e analisadas. Os sintomas físicos listados pelos pesquisadores foram: cefaléia, sensação de fadiga, dores nas pernas e taquicardia. Segundo relatos dos colaboradores, as dores sempre resultavam de estresse emocional ou surgiam após atendimentos emergenciais, o que leva a crer que existe uma grande dificuldade desses colaboradores em separar o estresse físico do psíquico. A investigação determinou a necessidade de medidas para acompanhamento dos funcionários na sua atividade laboral. Elaborou-se uma cartilha com sugestões básicas para a melhoria da qualidade de vida da equipe de saúde.

Boundary-layer interactions in the plane-parallel incompressible flows

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Nguyen, Toan T; Sueur, Franck

2012-01-01

We study the inviscid limit problem of incompressible flows in the presence of both impermeable regular boundaries and a hypersurface transversal to the boundary across which the inviscid flow has a discontinuity jump. In the former case, boundary layers have been introduced by Prandtl as correctors near the boundary between the inviscid and viscous flows. In the latter case, the viscosity smoothes out the discontinuity jump by creating a transition layer which has the same amplitude and thickness as the Prandtl layer. In the neighbourhood of the intersection of the impermeable boundary and of the hypersurface, interactions between the boundary and the transition layers must then be considered. In this paper, we initiate a mathematical study of this interaction and carry out a strong convergence in the inviscid limit for the case of the plane-parallel flows introduced by Di Perna and Majda (1987 Commun. Math. Phys. 108 667–89). (paper)

Correlação do sinal de Lasègue e manobra da elevação da perna, retificada com os achados cirúrgicos em pacientes com ciatalgia portadores de hérnia discal lombar Correlación del signo de Lasègue y maniobra de elevación de la pierna recta con los resultados quirúrgicos en pacientes con ciática que tenían hernia lumbar discal Correlation of Lasègue sign and the straight-leg-raising test with surgical findings in patients with sciatica and lumbar disc herniation

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Jonatas Sanchez Fernandez

2012-01-01

Full Text Available OBJETIVO: Investigar a correlação entre as manobras de estiramento do nervo ciático, como o Teste de Lasègue (TL e o Teste de Elevação da Perna Estendida (TEPE, com os achados cirúrgicos nos pacientes com ciatalgia. MÉTODOS: 178 pacientes portadores de hérnia de disco lombar foram examinados previamente pelo autor através do TL e do TEPE. Os achados cirúrgicos foram anotados e comparados com os achados do exame clínico. RESULTADOS: Dos pacientes estudados, 162 (91% apresentaram TL positivo enquanto 118 (66,2% apresentaram a TEPE positivo. CONCLUSÃO: O TL foi a manobra diagnóstica pré-operatória mais sensível em correlação com a hérnia discal lombar.OBJETIVO: Investigar la correlación entre las maniobras de estiramiento del nervio ciático, como la Prueba de Lasègue (PL y la Prueba de Elevación de la Pierna Extendida (PEPE, con los resultados quirúrgicos en pacientes con ciática. MÉTODOS: 178 pacientes con hernia discal lumbar fueron examinados previamente por el autor mediante la PL y la PEPE. Los resultados quirúrgicos fueron registrados y comparados con los hallazgos en el examen clínico. RESULTADOS: De los pacientes estudiados, 162 (91% fueron positivos en la PL, mientras que 118 (66,2% presentaron PEPE positiva. CONCLUSIÓN: La PL fue la maniobra de diagnóstico preoperatorio más sensible en correlación con hernia discal lumbar.OBJECTIVE: To investigate the correlation between maneuversfor stretching the sciatic nerve, as the Lasègue Sign (LS and the Straight-Leg-Raising Test (SLRT, with surgical findings in patients with sciatica. METHODS: 178 patients with herniated lumbar disc were previously examined by the author through LS and SLRT. Surgical findings were recorded and compared with findings on clinical examination. RESULTS: Of the patients studied, 162 (91% had positive LS while 118 (66.2% were positive to SLRT. CONCLUSION: The LS was the most sensitive preoperative physical diagnostic test with respect

Efeito da Temperatura Ambiente e da Restrição Alimentar sobre o Desempenho e a Composição de Fibras Musculares Esqueléticas de Frangos de Corte

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Sartori José Roberto

2001-01-01

Full Text Available O objetivo desta pesquisa foi estudar os efeitos da temperatura ambiente e da restrição alimentar sobre o desempenho e a composição do músculo flexor longo do hálux de frangos de corte. Trezentos e vinte e quatro pintos machos da linhagem Ross, com cinco dias de idade, foram distribuídos em um delineamento em parcelas subdivididas, considerando os tratamentos principais no esquema fatorial 3x3 inteiramente casualizado (três programas de alimentação: ad libitum, restrição precoce - 8 a 14 dias e restrição tardia - 29 a 35 dias; três níveis de temperatura: termoneutra, calor e frio. Os tratamentos secundários foram as idades das aves (seis idades: 7, 14, 21, 28, 35 e 42 dias. Não houve interação entre programa de alimentação e temperatura ou entre programa de alimentação, temperatura e idade para as características de desempenho dos frangos. Independentemente do programa de alimentação, houve efeito de temperatura para peso, ganho de peso, consumo de ração e conversão alimentar. O programa de alimentação afetou o peso e o ganho de peso das aves. Houve interação entre programa de alimentação e idade e entre temperatura e idade para peso vivo ao abate e peso do músculo da perna direita. Estas interações não foram significativas para peso do músculo da perna esquerda, área da secção transversal do músculo e relação peso do músculo/peso vivo ao abate. Conclui-se que a temperatura ambiente afeta o desempenho dos frangos de corte, porém não altera o número, diâmetro e freqüência de fibras musculares no músculo flexor longo do hálux. A restrição alimentar precoce pode ser adotada como prática de manejo, sem que se observem alterações do desempenho na idade de abate e nem na composição das fibras musculares esqueléticas dos frangos de corte.

Utilização de “pé-de-cuba” oriundo da fabricação de cachaça artesanal na alimentação de frangos criados no sistema caipira em Salinas/MG

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Wesley Antunes Meireles

2009-08-01

Full Text Available Um experimento utilizando 111 pintos, machos e fêmeas, de 14 a 44 dias de idade, sem raça definida foi conduzido com o objetivo de estudar o efeito da substituição de parte de milho pelo pé-de-cuba oriundo da fabricação artesanal de cachaça. As aves foram pesadas e distribuídas aleatoriamente em quatro lotes: Lote de pintinhos com peso inicial maior que 1 kg de peso vivo que consumiram ração tipo A; Lote de pintinhos com peso inicial menor que 1 kg de peso vivo que consumiram ração tipo A, sendo os animais identificados através de uma anilha de fio de cobre em uma das pernas; Lote de pintinhos com peso inicial maior que 1 kg de peso vivo que consumiram ração tipo B; e finalmente, Lote de pintinhos com peso inicial menor que 1 kg de peso vivo que consumiram ração tipo B, sendo os animais identificados através de uma anilha de fio de cobre em uma das pernas. A ração do tipo A foi empregado milho e concentrado protéico comercial, enquanto a ração do tipo B foi empregado milho, concentrado protéico e pé-de-cuba, sendo os dois tipos consideradas isoprotéicas e isocalóricas. Não foi verificada diferença significativa entre os tratamentos para as variáveis ganho de peso, hematócrito, número de hemácias, concentração de hemoglobina, contagem global de leucócitos e trombócitos. Entretanto, na contagem diferencial de leucócitos, houve uma menor relação heterófilo/linfócito no sangue dos animais que consumiram a ração do tipo B, indicando menor condição de estresse nestes animais. Neste estudo, a substituição de parte de milho pelo pé-de-cuba, reduziu o preço por quilograma da ração em 23,21%, representando um subproduto de interesse para o pequeno produtor de cachaça na produção de aves no sistema caipira.

Parâmetros de desempenho e carcaça de genótipos de frangos tipo caipira

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R.C. Veloso

2014-08-01

Full Text Available Objetivou-se com este trabalho avaliar as características de desempenho e de carcaça de sete genótipos de frangos tipo caipira da linhagem Redbro. Foram utilizados 840 pintos de um dia, machos, distribuídos em delineamento inteiramente ao acaso, dos seguintes genótipos: Caboclo, Carijó, Colorpak, Gigante Negro, Pesadão Vermelho, Pescoço Pelado e Tricolor. Os frangos foram alojados em 28 boxes, sendo 30 frangos por boxe, em galpão de alvenaria com acesso a um piquete de 45m², em quatro repetições. As características de desempenho (conversão alimentar, ganho em peso médio diário, consumo de ração médio diário foram avaliadas nos períodos: um a 28, um a 56, um a 70 e um a 84 dias de idade. O peso corporal foi avaliado aos 28, 56, 70 e 84 dias de idade. As características de carcaça (peso e rendimento de carcaça, peito e pernas foram obtidas a partir do abate de dois frangos por boxe, aos 85 dias de idade. As análises estatísticas foram realizadas utilizando-se o "proc glm" do SAS. Verificou-se que, em todos os períodos, os frangos do genótipo Colorpak apresentaram maior peso corporal, consumo de ração médio diário, ganho em peso médio diário e melhor conversão alimentar. Entretanto, os genótipos Caboclo e Gigante Negro apresentaram menores consumo de ração médio diário, ganho de peso médio diário e pior conversão alimentar. Quanto ao rendimento de cortes, observou-se que os genótipos Caboclo e Gigante Negro apresentaram os menores valores, e o Carijó, Colorpak, Pesadão Vermelho, Pescoço Pelado e Tricolor obtiveram os melhores rendimentos de pernas. Para o rendimento de peito, o Carijó e o Pesadão Vermelho obtiveram os maiores valores. A escolha do genótipo deve ser feita de acordo com o interesse do mercado, pois há diferenças no desempenho e no rendimento de carcaça e dos cortes.

Desempenho e qualidade da carne de frangos de corte alimentados com diferentes níveis de sorgo em substituição ao milho Effects on performance and meat quality of replacing corn with sorghum in a broiler diet

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R.G. Garcia

2005-10-01

Full Text Available Avaliaram-se o desempenho e a qualidade da carne de frangos de corte alimentados com diferentes níveis de sorgo, do cultivar SAARA, com 0,49g/kg de tanino, em substituição ao milho. Os 2600 pintos sexados de um dia de idade, da linhagem Ross 308, foram distribuídos em delineamento inteiramente ao acaso, com esquema fatorial 5×2 (cinco níveis de sorgo - 0, 25, 50, 75 e 100% e dois sexos, e quatro repetições de 65 aves por unidade experimental. Não houve efeito (P>0,05 da substituição do milho pelo sorgo sobre as características de desempenho, de rendimentos de carcaça, carne de peito e pernas, de composição química e sensoriais. O pH observado nas carnes de peito e pernas foi maior para os machos (PThe effects of diets with graded levels of SAARA sorghum, a variety containing 0.49g/kg of tannin, on broiler performance and meat quality were evaluated. One-day-old, sexed Ross 308 chicks (n=2600 were randomly assigned within sex to one of five levels of sorghum (replacement of 0, 25, 50, 75 and 100% of corn in the diet. There were 65 birds per experimental unit in 4 replicates of the 5 sorghum level × 2 sex factorial design. Level of corn replacement by sorghum did not affect performance characteristics, carcass characteristics, main cut yield, muscle tissue chemical composition or sensory characteristics of the meat (P>0.05. Muscle tissue from males had higher pH values than that from females, and muscle pH decreased as sorghum replaced corn in the diet (P<0.05. Loin length, width and thickness were larger for males. Breast meat from males had higher cooking loss and required greater shear force than breast meat from females (P<0.05. With increasing level of sorghum in the diet, the L value (level of light of breast and leg muscle increased, whereas a value (redness and b value (yellowness decreased (P<0.05. In summary, replacing corn in the diet with increasing levels of sorghum did not affect live performance, carcass or main cut

Época de nascimento sobre a composição regional e tecidual da carcaça de cordeiros da raça Texel Birth season on regional and tissue carcass composition in Texel breed lambs

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Gilson de Mendonça

2008-06-01

Full Text Available Foram avaliados os efeitos de épocas alternativas de nascimento sobre a composição regional e tecidual da carcaça em ovinos. Quarenta e nove cordeiros machos não-castrados da raça Texel, nascidos em duas épocas (agosto e novembro, foram mantidos em regime de pastagem e abatidos com média de idade de 129 e 164 dias, respectivamente. Previamente aos abates foi feita a avaliação da produção forrageira do campo pelo método Botanal. Foram verificadas melhores condições forrageiras para os cordeiros nascidos em agosto, que apresentaram maior peso e proporção na maioria dos cortes, assim como menor proporção de músculo na paleta e perna; apresentando maior conteúdo de tecido adiposo na maioria dos cortes da carcaça. Para os cordeiros nascidos em novembro, ocorreu maior relação músculo:gordura e músculo:osso na paleta e na perna, assim como maior relação músculo:gordura no costilhar. As condições nutricionais são responsáveis pelas diferenças nos pesos e rendimentos dos cortes, assim como na composição tecidual da carcaça, em cordeiros mantidos em regime de pasto, viabilizando o uso de época alternativa de nascimentos para incrementar a oferta de animais para o abate.The effect of alternative birth season on regional and tissue carcass composition of sheep was evaluated. Forty nine (49 Texel intact male lambs, born in two seasons (August and November, were kept under grazing and slaughtered with an average age of 129 and 164 days, respectively. Prior to slaughter forage production was measured using Botanal method. Lambs born in August had more favorable forage conditions, showing higher body weight and proportion in the majority of cuts, as well as lower proportion of shoulder and leg muscles showing higher adipose tissue content in the majority of carcass cuts. For lambs born in November, a higher muscle:fat and muscle:bone rate in shoulder and leg, as well as a higher ribcut muscle:fat rate. Nutritional

Application of oxidative stress indices in natural populations of Perna viridis as biomarker of environmental pollution

Digital Repository Service at National Institute of Oceanography (India)

Jena, K.B.; Verlecar, X.N.; Chainy, G.B.N.

% inhibition of oxidation of NADH in the reaction. The reaction rate was recorded at 340 nm and expressed as Units/mg protein. Catalase (CAT) activity was determined according to Aebi (1974). The method was based on the decomposition rate of hydrogen peroxide... was significantly higher than the reference site (BB; Fig. 2C). In case of digestive gland, SOD activity was significantly increased at MH and ML than at BB (Fig. 2D). 4.4. Catalase CAT in gill as well as in digestive gland showed much higher activity at MH and ML...

Antioxidative potential of Perna viridis and its protective role against ROS induced lipidperoxidation and protein carbonyl

Digital Repository Service at National Institute of Oceanography (India)

Jena, K.B.; Jagtap, T.G.; Verlecar, X.N.

) such as hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and hydroxyl radical (OH•), and inhibition of lipid peroxidation (LPX) and protein carbonyl (PC). The scavenging activity of DPPH radical, H sub(2) O sub(2) and OH• radicals increased in dose dependent manner. The reducing power...

A novel DNase like compound that inhibits virus propagation from Asian green mussel, Perna viridis (Linn.)

Digital Repository Service at National Institute of Oceanography (India)

Iqbal, A.N.M.Z.; Khan, M.S.

to counteract some viruses. Keywords: Antiviral property, Bivalves, DNase-like bioactivity, Plasmid pBR 322 Virus mediated pathological conditions such as Chickenpox (Varicella zoster virus, VZV), Japanese encephalitis, Chickungunya, Dengue, infectious... is an object of future research endeavor. DNAse like PPC with an antiviral property can be a potential candidate to develop an effective drugs against the DNA viruses like varicella zoster virus and Herpes viruses. Detailed work is underway to further...

Inclusion of sunflower seeds in the diet of lambs on carcass quantitative characteristics and meat qualityInclusão de grãos de girassol na ração de cordeiros sobre as características quantitativas da carcaça e qualitativas da carne

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Sandra Mari Yamamoto

2013-09-01

meia-carcaça esquerda dividida em seis partes anatômicas, sendo retirado o lombo e a perna para avaliação dos componentes teciduais e características de cor, capacidade de retenção de água, perdas por cocção e força de cisalhamento. Houve diferença para rendimento comercial, com maior valor (46,82% para carcaças de cordeiros recebendo ração sem inclusão de grãos de girassol em relação ao rendimento de carcaça (44,11% de cordeiros alimentados com 15% de grãos de girassol. As proporções de músculo e gordura total, assim como a relação músculo:gordura foram influenciadas (P<0,05 pela ração, com maior quantidade de músculo (63,15% e menor de gordura (16,63% nos cortes perna e lombo de cordeiros que não receberam grãos de girassol. No corte perna foi observado maiores proporções de músculo (67,27%, relação músculo:osso (4,08 e músculo:gordura (4,92 quando comparado ao lombo. O músculo Longissimus lumborum apresentou maior capacidade de retenção de água e menor força de cisalhamento em relação ao músculo Semimembranosus. A inclusão de grãos de girassol na ração de cordeiros em confinamento aumentou a deposição de gordura nos cortes da carcaça, porém não afetou os demais parâmetros qualitativos da carne.

Development and validation of especific equations for estimate body fat percentage of youngsters pubescents of male gender between ten and seventeen years old

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Rogério Pereira

2006-06-01

correlacionados com as variáveis: idade; massa corporal; estatura; 8 dobras cutâneas; 6 perímetros; 3 diâmetros e o Recíproco do Índice Ponderal em 100jovens sendo subdivididos em dois grupos, um grupo de regressão (n = 75 e um segundo grupo denominado grupo de validação (n = 25 que possuiam as mesmas características quanto ao estágio maturacional pubescente determinado através da auto – avaliação. Através da análise de regressão múltipla (stepwise realizada no programa SPSS® v 10.0 foram, desenvolvidas e validadas equações para a média da faixa etária ( 13,3 anos ± 2,1. A equação a seguir: 0,654252(Coxa + Perna – 0,002009(Coxa + Perna 2 contemplou as variáveis de maior r ( coxa r =0,858; perna r = 0,855 e menor valor de Erro Padrão da Estimativa: 3,7% e R2 = 0,90 não ocorrendo diferenças estatisticamente significativas quando analisadas através da ANOVA entre a equação de: Boileau valor p = 0,605 e diferenças estatisticamente significativas para (p<0,05 das equações de Mukherjee e Roche e Slaughter com valores p = 0,000 e p = 0,045 respectivamente. Recomenda-se desta forma a utilização desta equação em jovens púberes de características semelhantes a fim de evidenciar posteriormente um valor referencial para o (%GC de jovens escolares brasileiros.

Anthropometric characteristics of young venezuelan swimmers by biological maturity status

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Guillermo Ramírez

2006-08-01

nadadores Venezuelanos (idade 7-17 anos, em diferentes estágios de maturação biológica. Os procedimentos antropométricos usados foram os recomendados pela ISAK. Os estágios de maturação genital de Tanner (G-5 foram utilizados para subdividir a amostra nas três categorias sugeridas por Nicoletti: pré-puberal (G1, puberal inicial (G2-3 e puberal avançada (G4-5. Foi utilizada a análise discriminante passo a passa (stepwise, tendo como critério de seleção o aumento da porcentagem de indivíduos classificados corretamente. Foram utilizadas 35 variáveis, das quais foram selecionadas: estatura, dobras cutâneas tríceps e subescapular, perímetros da perna e do braço relaxado, massa corporal, e os comprimentos do antebraço e coxa. Essa análise gerou um novo grupo composto por 87% do grupo original. Duas funções lineares discriminantes (LDF1 e LDF2 emergiram: LDF1 diferenciou os indivíduos pré-púberes dos púberes avançados, tendo incluído as variáveis: estatura, massa corporal, comprimento do antebraço e coxa, e os perímetros do braço e da perna. A segunda função, a LDF2, diferenciou os indivíduos no início da puberdade dos demais grupos. O segundo grupo de variáveis incluiu: a dobra cutânea do tríceps e o perímetro da perna. Os intervalos de confiança demonstraram que duas variáveis de tamanho, duas de gordura subcutânea, duas de robustez esquelética e duas de muscularidade relativa são suficientes para guiar os técnicos, na classificação de jovens nadadores, em categorias que melhor aproximem do seu estágio maturacional. Somente as dobras cutâneas do tríceps e subescapular mostraram superposição dos intervalos de confiança nas três categorias.

Miologia do membro pélvico da paca (Cuniculus paca Linnaeus, 1766

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Leonardo M. Leal

2015-12-01

Full Text Available Resumo: Objetivam-se descrever os músculos do membro pélvico da paca (Cuniculus paca Linnaeus, 1766, mediante dissecção anatômica dessa região. Foram utilizadas dez Cuniculus paca adultas, machos e fêmeas, pesando entre cinco e 10 kg do plantel de pacas do setor de Animais Silvestres da FCAV, Unesp, Jaboticabal/SP. Os animais foram fixados em formaldeído 10% e conservados em solução salina a 30% para dissecação anatômica da musculatura da pelve, coxa e perna, identificando-se a origem e inserção de cada músculo. Os resultados foram fotodocumentados e discutidos com base na literatura sobre animais domésticos, ratos e cobaias. Salvo algumas variâncias na origem e inserção de cada músculo e na fusão dos ventres de alguns grupos musculares, de forma geral, a musculatura da paca assemelha-se a dos animais domésticos e a de outros roedores.

Agravos à saúde referidos pelos trabalhadores de enfermagem em um hospital público da Bahia

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Luciana Souza de Freitas Machado

2014-10-01

Full Text Available Embora o trabalho seja essencial à vida humana, o contexto no qual é realizado pode desencadear tensão, desajuste e consequente adoecimento. Estudos apontam a Enfermagem como uma ocupação com alto risco para adoecimento, em especial no ambiente hospitalar. O objetivo deste estudo foi estimar a ocorrência de agravos à saúde referidos pelos trabalhadores de enfermagem em um hospital na Bahia. Estudo de corte transversal envolvendo 309 profissionais. As queixas de saúde mais frequentes relacionaram-se a sintomas osteomusculares como dor nas pernas 66,4% (192 e dor nas costas 61,8% (178; e à saúde mental com predomínio de cansaço mental 47% (131 e nervosismo 33,7% (93. Os resultados apontam que enfermeiros apresentaram maior frequência de agravos posturais e queixas de saúde mental enquanto as queixas de agravos respiratórios foram mais prevalentes entre técnicos e auxiliares. Estes resultados evidenciam necessidade de maior consciência do processo de trabalho e realização de atividades preventivas.

BUDIDAYA KERANG HIJAU (Perna viridis L. DENGAN METODE DAN KEPADATAN BERBEDA DI PERAIRAN PESISIR KUALA LANGSA, ACEH

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Andi Sagita

2017-05-01

Full Text Available Kerang hijau merupakan komoditas budidaya laut yang sangat prospektif untuk dikembangkan pada suatu sistem budidaya, karena dapat dilakukan dengan biaya produksi yang rendah namun menghasilkan profitabilitas yang tinggi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui metode dan kepadatan yang paling optimal untuk budidaya kerang hijau di perairan pesisir Kuala Langsa, Aceh. Metode penelitian menggunakan rancangan acak lengkap faktorial yang terdiri atas faktor metode (long line dan stick dan faktor kepadatan (20, 30, dan 40 individu/kantong 5,30 L, masing-masing diulang sebanyak empat kali. Berdasarkan sidik ragam data Specific Growth Rate (SGR dari panjang (SGL L dan bobot (SGR W menunjukkan semua perlakuan metode, kepadatan dan interaksi berbeda signifikan pada taraf uji 5% (P<0,05, di mana perlakuan yang paling optimal yaitu perlakuan metode long line dengan kepadatan 20 individu/kantong 5,30 L diperoleh rata-rata nilai SGR (L sebesar 0,86 ± 0,01%/hari dan SGR (W sebesar 1,18 ± 0,04%/hari dengan sintasan mencapai 92,50 ± 2,89%. Parameter kualitas perairan selama periode budidaya masih sesuai untuk mendukung kehidupan kerang hijau di mana suhu berkisar 27,5-34,0°C; salinitas 28,5-33,0 ppt; pH 7,8-8,6; dan oksigen terlarut 4,5-6,5 mg/L; serta kecepatan arus 0,1-0,3 m/s. Budidaya kerang hijau dengan metode long line pada kepadatan 20 individu/kantong 5,30 L merupakan pola budidaya yang paling optimal untuk diterapkan di perairan pesisir Kuala Langsa, Aceh. Green mussel is a very prospective marine aquaculture commodity due to its low cost production but with high profitability. This research aimed to determine the most optimal method and densities for green mussel culture in coastal waters of Kuala Langsa, Aceh. The research used a completely randomized factorial design consisting of methods factor (long line and stick and densities factor (20, 30, and 40 individuals/basket 5.30 L, each repeated four times. Based on the variance analysis of specific growth rate (SGR data of the length (SGR L and weight (SGR W, all treatments of different methods and densities as well as their interactions were significant different (P<0.05. This study suggested that long line method with a densities of 20 individuals/basket 5.30 L was found to be the most optimal treatment for green mussel culture in coastal waters of Kuala Langsa. With this long line method an average SGR (L value of 0.86 ± 0.01%/day, SGR (W value of 1.18 ± 0.04%/day, and survival rate of 92.50 ± 2.89% were obtained. Water quality parameters during the culture period are still within the suitable range for green mussel culture, with the range of temperature 27.5-34.0°C, salinity 28.5-33.0 ppt, pH 7.8-8.6, dissolved oxygen 4.5-6.5 mg/L, and current velocity 0.1-0.3 m/s.

Características de carcaça de ovelhas de descarte das raças Ideal e Texel terminadas em dois sistemas de alimentação Carcass traits of culling ewes from Texel and Polwarth breeds submitted to two feeding systems

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Luis Fernando Vilani de Pelegrini

2008-11-01

Full Text Available Avaliaram-se as características de carcaça de ovelhas de descarte das raças Ideal e Texel terminadas em dois sistemas de alimentação. Utilizaram-se 20 ovelhas (10 da raça Ideal e 10 da raça Texel aleatoriamente distribuídas de acordo com o grupo genético em dois manejos alimentares (confinamento e pastagem cultivada. Os abates foram realizados quando os animais atingiram 3,5 pontos de condição corporal. Os pesos de carcaça quente (PCQ e de carcaça fria (PCF e os rendimentos de carcaça quente (RCQ e de carcaça fria (RCF das ovelhas Texel foram maiores que os das ovelhas Ideal: 27,85 e 19,04 kg; 27,08 e 18,43 kg; 47,25 e 45,20% e 45,95 e 43,72%, respectivamente. O peso dos cortes perna, paleta, pescoço e costela e os pesos de músculos, ossos e gordura da perna dos animais da raça Texel foram superiores aos obtidos na raça Ideal. Quando avaliadas em porcentagem do peso corporal, no entanto, essas características não diferiram entre as duas raças. O manejo alimentar não influenciou as características de carcaça de ovelhas de descarte. Ovelhas Texel apresentam cortes maiores que os de ovelhas Ideal.Carcass traits of culling ewes from Texel and Polwarth breeds submitted to two feeding systems were evaluated. Twenty ewes (10 from Polwarth breed and 10 from Texel breed were randomly distributed according to its genetic group, in two feeding systems (feedlot and cultivated pasture. The slaughter was carried out when the animals reached body condition score of 3.5 points. Hot carcass (HCW and cold carcass (CCW weights and hot carcass (HCD and cold carcass (CCD dressing of Texel ewes were higher than those of Polwarth ewes: 27.85 and 19.04 kg, 27.08 and 18.43 kg, 47.25 and 45.20 and 45.95 and 43.72%, respectively. The absolute weights of cuts for leg, shoulder, neck and rib, and absolute weights for muscles, bones and leg fat of ewes from Texel breed were higher than those obtained by Polwarth breed. When evaluated as relative

Estudo de associação entre força muscular e massa magra em mulheres idosas Estudio de la asociación entre fuerza muscular y masa magra en mujeres mayores Association between muscle strength and fat-free mass in older women

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Ricardo Moreno Lima

2012-12-01

Full Text Available O objetivo do presente estudo foi verificar a associação entre a força muscular isocinética da musculatura extensora do joelho do membro dominante com a MM de diferentes segmentos corporais, em mulheres idosas. Um total de 258 idosas (66,58±5,6anos; 65,6±11,7kg; 1,53±0,07m foram submetidas à avaliação isocinética do pico de torque (PT e da MM (DXA. Correlações de Pearson foram examinadas entre os índices de MM dos braços, das pernas, do tronco, do corpo inteiro, da perna dominante (MMB, MMP, MMT, MMI, MMPD, respectivamente com o PT. O nível de significância foi de El objetivo de este estudio fue correlacionar la fuerza muscular de los extensores de la rodilla con la Masa Magra (MM en diferentes segmentos corporales en mujeres mayores. 258 mujeres mayores (66,58±5,6años; 65,6±11,7kg; 1,53±0,07m fueron someter a la evaluación del pico de torque (PT en el dinamómetro (Biodex y de la MM (DXA. Correlaciones de Pearson se realizó entre la MM de los brazos, piernas, tronco, el cuerpo entero, de la pierna dominante (MMB, MMPs, MMT, MMCI, MMPD, respectivamente con el PT. La MM de todas regiones examinadas presentaron correlación positiva y significante con los valores del PT (pThe purpose of the present study was to correlate knee extensors muscle strength with fat-free mass (FFM of different body sites in older women. Peak torque (PT from 258 women (66.58±5.6years; 65.6±11.7kg; 1.53±0.07m was assessed using an isokinetic dynamometer (Biodex and FFM was evaluated using dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA. Pearson correlations were performed between FFM from Arms, Legs, Thorax, Whole Body and Dominant Leg (FFMA, FFMLs, FFMT, FFMWB and FFMDL, respectively with PT. Significance level was set at α <0.05 for all comparisons. Positive and significant correlations were observed between FFM from all sites and isokinetic PT (p<0.001. However, it was stronger when the site of FFM analyzed was closer to the muscle responsible to

Efeitos do sexo, do grupo racial e da idade ao abate nas características de carcaça e maciez da carne de caprinos Carcass and meat tenderness of goats according to age, breed group and age at slaughter

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Jakilane Jacque Leal de Menezes

2009-09-01

Full Text Available Este trabalho foi realizado com os objetivos de quantificar e qualificar a carcaça e os cortes cárneos de cabritos de dois sexos (machos e fêmeas e três grupos raciais - Alpino; ½ Boer + ½ Alpino (½ BA; e ¾ Boer + ¼ Alpino (¾ BA - abatidos em três idades (aos 60, 90 e 120 dias de confinamento, visando avaliar o aproveitamento de cabritos provenientes de rebanhos leiteiros. As carcaças foram avaliadas pelas características de peso, rendimento, conformação, gordura de cobertura, comprimento interno e externo, comprimento da perna, perímetro da garupa, profundidade torácica, largura da garupa, compacidade, rendimento dos cortes cárneos e proporção dos tecidos. Os dados foram analisados em delineamento inteiramente casualizado, em esquema fatorial incompleto 2 X 3 X 3 (2 sexos X 3 grupos raciais X 3 idades de abate. O aumento da idade dos animais promove aumento do peso e das medidas da carcaça, assim como dos componentes comestíveis da carcaça e do rendimento comercial. Mestiços Boer apresentam maior compacidade de perna e menos osso em relação aos Alpinos. O grupo racial, a idade de abate e o sexo não influenciam a maciez da carne.The objective of this experiment was to evaluate the yield and quality of the carcass and meat cuts from kids of both sexes, slaughtered at three different ages, aiming to use animals from dairy herds. Forty-one kids were used, from three breed groups: Alpine, ½ Boer ½ Alpine (½ BA and ¾ Boer ¼ Alpine (¾ BA, which were slaughtered at 60, 90 or 120 days of slaughter age. The animals were raised in a feedlot system. The following carcass traits were evaluated: carcass weight, commercial yield, conformation, subcutaneous fat, internal and external length, leg length, rump perimeter, thoracic depth, rump width, compactness, meat cut yield and tissue proportion. Meat tenderness was evaluated by means of the Warner-Bratzler shear force. Data were analyzed as an incomplete factorial arrangement

Composição tecidual dos cortes da carcaça de ovinos jovens e adultos Tecidual composition of carcass of cuts of young and adult sheep

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Rafael Silvio Bonilha Pinheiro

2007-04-01

Full Text Available O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a composição tecidual dos cortes da carcaça de ovinos jovens e adultos. Utilizaram-se 36 animais ½ Ile de France ½ Ideal (12 cordeiros não castrados, 12 ovelhas e 12 capões. Os animais foram criados em pasto de Tifton-85 e suplementados com concentrado em 1% em relação ao peso corporal. Os cordeiros foram desmamados com aproximadamente 17±0,87 kg de peso corporal e abatidos aos 32 kg, com aproximadamente cinco meses de idade; as ovelhas e os capões foram abatidos com aproximadamente 55±1,26 kg e 60 meses de idade. O corte da carcaça com maior porcentual de músculos foi o da perna, seguido da paleta e do lombo, entre as categorias animais estudadas. Os cordeiros apresentaram o maior porcentual de ossos, nos cortes da carcaça estudados, do que os animais adultos. As gorduras subcutânea, intermuscular e total, dos cortes da carcaça, foram maiores nos animais adultos do que nos jovens, e o lombo teve maior porcentual de gordura total, seguido da paleta e da perna. Concluiu-se que as categorias animais influenciam a composição tecidual dos cortes da carcaça, e o tecido adiposo é um dos principais responsáveis por tais diferenças.The objective of this work was to evaluate tecidual composition of the cuts carcass of young and adult sheep, in thirty-six ½ Ile de France ½ Polwarth sheeps (12 uncastrated lambs, 12 ewes and 12 wether. Animals were grown in grazing system based on Tifton-85 pastures and were supplemented with concentrate. Lambs were weaned close to 17±0.87 kg and slaughtered at 32 kg and about 5 months old. Ewes and wethers were slaughtered close to 55±1.26 kg and 60 months of age. Higher values of muscle percentage in carcass cuts, were found: in leg, followed by shoulder and loin, among animal categories. Bone percentage in carcass of cuts was higher in lambs than in adult animals. Subcutaneous, intermuscle and total fat in the carcass of cuts were higher in adult than in

Benign monomelic amyotrophy: a study of twenty-one cases Amiotrofia monomélica benigna: estudo de 21 casos

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MARCOS R.G. DE FREITAS

2000-09-01

Full Text Available A consecutive series of 21 patients with single limb atrophy (monomelic amyotrophy is reported. Sixteen had lower limb atrophy and five had upper limb involvement. The median age of the onset was 20 years. Characteristic features were sporadic occurrence, wasting confined to one limb, insidious onset with slow progression, stabilizing in 1 to 4 years, and absence of pyramidal signs. All the patients with upper limb involvement were male, however in our cases with lower limb amyotrophy there were no male preponderance. We observed wasting of the entire length of the lower limbs in six patients. There were nine cases with amyotrophy restricted to the leg and one with amyotrophy only in the thigh. In the upper limb in four cases the involvement was distal and in one patient the atrophy was proximal. The electromyographic features were suggestive of anterior horn disease not only in the affected limb but also, in some cases, in clinically uninvolved limb. Cervical or lumbar MRI was normal. MRI of the lower limb disclosed increased signal intensity in the gastrocnemius and soleus muscles in one patient suggesting denervation.Relatamos uma série consecutiva de 21 pacientes com amiotrofia de um só membro, denominada de amiotrofia monomélica. Em 16 casos a atrofia era no membro inferior e em 5 localizava-se no membro superior. Todos eram jovens e a idade média do início foi 20 anos. Os dados mais característicos da doença foram ausência de história familiar, comprometimento de um só membro, início e progressão lenta estabilizando em até 4 anos e ausência de sinais piramidais. Nossos enfermos com amiotrofia de membro superior eram todos do sexo masculino, entretanto naqueles com amiotrofia do membro inferior havia igualdade de sexos. Dos pacientes com atrofia de membro inferior, em 9 a atrofia era restrita a perna, em 6 era em todo o membro e somente um apresentava amiotrofia localizada só na coxa. Naqueles com comprometimento do membro

Influence of rearing water temperature on induced gonadal development and spawning behaviour of tropical green mussel, Perna viridis

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Parathattil Rathan Sreedevi

2014-09-01

Conclusion: According to the present study temperature induced spawning method is very simple and cost effective and can accelerate the production of mussel seeds in hatchery units and further stock improvement through genetic manipulation.

Desempenho e peso de frações corporais, na suplementação crescente de lisina, dos 19 aos 40 dias de idade em frangos de corte Performance and weight of body components of broilers supplemented with increasing lysine levels from 19 to 40 days of age

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Teresa Herr Viola

2009-04-01

Full Text Available Este estudo foi conduzido para avaliar o desempenho e o peso das frações corporais de frangos de corte, recebendo dietas com níveis crescentes de lisina digestível (Lis dig (0,70; 0,80; 0,90; 1,00; 1,055; 1,11; 1,165 e 1,22%. Foram utilizados 320 frangos machos da linhagem CobbXCobb500, dos 19 aos 40 dias de idade. Foram utilizadas duas dietas basais, com 19,0 e 20,5% de proteína bruta; a primeira para os quatro níveis mais baixos de Lis dig e a segunda, para os quatro restantes. As dietas foram formuladas de forma a manter constante a relação de aminoácidos digestíveis Met, Arg e Tre com a Lis dig. Foram avaliados o peso médio, o ganho de peso, o consumo de ração, o consumo de lisina e a conversão alimentar aos 26, 33 e 40 dias de idade. Também nessas idades, o peso das frações corporais, carcaça, peito, coxa, perna, dorso+asa+pescoço+cabeça+patas +gordura abdominal (D+A, vísceras+sangue (V+S e penas foi determinado. O ganho de peso e a conversão alimentar apresentaram respostas lineares positivas em função dos níveis de Lis dig. Já o consumo de ração não foi influenciado pelos tratamentos. As respostas das frações corporais foram lineares crescentes para peso do peito e da carcaça, em todos os períodos avaliados (26, 33 e 40 dias, com níveis ótimos de Lis dig ≥1,22%. A mesma resposta se deu para peso da coxa aos 26 e 40 dias, para D+A, aos 33 e 40 dias e para peso de perna, aos 26 e 33 dias, enquanto, para peso de perna, aos 40 dias, a resposta foi quadrática, ainda que com nível ótimo de Lis dig. ≥1,22%. Sugere-se que níveis mais elevados de lisina digestível, nas dietas de frangos machos da linhagem Cobb500, sejam estudados.This study was conducted to evaluate broiler growth performance and body fraction weights , in response to increasing levels of dietary digestible lysine (dig Lys (0.70, 0.80, 0.90, 1.00, 1.055, 1.11, 1.165 and 1.22%. Three hundred and twenty male broilers CobbXCobb500 were used

Metal accumulation in marine bivalves under various tributyltin burdens.

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Tang, Chuan-Ho; Lin, Chan-Shing; Wang, Wei-Hsien

2009-11-01

In the present study, a field survey was conducted to measure the accumulation of butyltin, Cu, Zn, and Cd in green mussels (Perna viridis) and Pacific oysters (Crassostrea gigas) at the regions along a tributyltin pollution gradient. A negative correlation was found between the tributyltin/total butyltin ratio (0.87-0.31) and tributyltin content (114-5,817 ng/g as tin dry wt) in oysters, while the Cu content (44.2-381 mg/kg dry wt) was positively correlated with the logarithm of tributyltin content during the summer and winter. This suggests that as the tributyltin burden increases, the rates of tributyltin metabolism may be elevated, leading to enhanced Cu accumulation. A similar accumulation pattern for Zn was also found in oysters. In mussels, however, the tributyltin/total butyltin ratio and the Cu and Zn contents remained relatively constant (~ 0.7, 12, and 100 mg/kg dry wt, respectively) regardless of the tributyltin burden. Clearly, the butyltin and Cu/Zn accumulation processes in oysters differ from those in mussels under tributyltin pollution. These observations provide valuable information for those who evaluate or compare tributyltin and/or Cu/Zn pollution using oysters and mussels as bioindicators.

Associação entre sensação de dor e desconforto pelos segmentos corporais, postura sentada do aluno em sala de aula e o mobiliário escolar (cadeira/mesa

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Valdemir Galvão de Carvalho

2008-09-01

Full Text Available Na sala de aula é comum os alunos adotarem posturas inadequadas por tempo prolongado que conduzem ao desconforto muscular. O objetivo proposto é investigar associações entre dores no corpo e o mobiliário da sala de aula. Foi desenvolvida pesquisa aplicada, descritiva e quanti-qualitativa, amostra probabilística aleatória simples e questionário com 290 alunos, de 05 cursos de uma IES; as técnicas estatísticas foram análise descritiva, clusters e qui-quadrado com p ≤ 0,05. 64,2% dos alunos consideraram o mobiliário desconfortável; para 62%, a localização dos recursos didáticos não permite boa acomodação postural; para 84,5%, a altura e o assento das carteiras são desconfortáveis. Os resultados sugerem associação entre dores na região lombar, ombro, quadril, nuca, costas, pernas e joelhos em relação à ausência de regulagens antropométricas no mobiliário e a localização dos equipamentos didáticos.

The Ephemeroptera, Plecoptera, and Trichoptera of Missouri State Parks With Notes on Mesohabitat Associations and Distribution

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Ferro, M. L.; Sites, R. W.

2005-05-01

Thirty-seven streams within 15 Missouri State Parks were sampled for immature and adult Ephemeroptera, Plecoptera, and Trichoptera (EPT) through 2002 and early 2003. All totaled, 34,251 EPT larvae were collected, all specimens of which were identified to the lowest taxon possible. Of approximately 70,000 adult specimens collected, 10,342 were identified to the lowest taxon possible. Fifteen species endemic to the Interior Highlands and two species on the Missouri Species of Conservation Concern Checklist were collected. This research revealed a total of 214 species in 100 genera and 37 families of EPT in the designated state parks, accounting for 52% of the EPT fauna known from Missouri. Specifically, 57 species in 35 genera and 13 families of Ephemeroptera, 43 species in 18 genera and 8 families of Plecoptera, and 114 species in 47 genera and 16 families of Trichoptera were collected. Of seven mesohabitats designated, species richness was significantly highest in the riffle. Many species are reported from each state park for the first time and Serratella sordida McDunnough (Ephemeroptera: Ephemerellidae) and Triaenodes perna Ross (Trichoptera: Leptoceridae) were collected in Missouri for the first time.

Greenshell™ Mussels: A Review of Veterinary Trials and Future Research Directions

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Charles T. Eason

2018-03-01

Full Text Available The therapeutic benefits of Greenshell™ mussel (GSM; Perna canaliculus preparations have been studied using in vitro test systems, animal models, and human clinical trials focusing mainly on anti-inflammatory and anti-arthritic effects. Activity is thought to be linked to key active ingredients that include omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids, a variety of carotenoids and other bioactive compounds. In this paper, we review the studies that have been undertaken in dogs, cats, and horses, and outline new research directions in shellfish breeding and high-value nutrition research programmes targeted at enhancing the efficacy of mussel and algal extracts. The addition of GSM to animal diets has alleviated feline degenerative joint disease and arthritis symptoms, and chronic orthopaedic pain in dogs. In horses, GSM extracts decreased the severity of lameness and joint pain and provided improved joint flexion in limbs with lameness attributed to osteoarthritis. Future research in this area should focus on elucidating the key active ingredients in order to link concentrations of these active ingredients with their pharmacokinetics and therapeutic effects. This would enable consistent and improved efficacy from GSM-based products for the purpose of improved animal health.

INCIDÊNCIA DOS SINTOMAS OSTEOMUSCULARES EM FOTÓGRAFOS DA CIDADE DE TERESINA-PI

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Diego Rodrigues Pessoa

2017-05-01

Full Text Available Lesões por Esforços Repetitivos ou Doenças Osteomusculares Relacionadas ao Trabalho (LER/DORT, são definidas como um conjunto de afecções que podem acometer tendões, sinóvias, músculos, nervos, fáscias, ligamentos, entre outras. O objetivo do estudo foi investigar a incidência de queixas osteomusculares. A pesquisa trata-se de um estudo observacional de corte transversal com abordagem qualitativa, com 16 fotógrafos do sexo masculino, que foram investidos por meio do diagrama de Corllett. As regiões mais acometidas foram à região das costas-médias (81,25%, em seguida a perna (75%, punhos (56,25%, região cervical, coluna lombar, ombro e pescoço (43,75%, a região das costas-superiores e na bacia com (37,5%, respectivamente. O estudo demonstrou elevada ocorrência de sintomatologia na região das costas-médias em indivíduos jovens adultos, onde os fatores de risco presentes são fatores predominantes para o surgimento das LER/DORT na população.

The current situation and environmental conditions of green mussel farming in the gulf of Thailand

Science.gov (United States)

Keawtawee, T.; Songsangjinda, P.; Sangnoi, Y.; Uppabullung, A.

2018-04-01

This study investigated the current situation and environmental conditions of green mussel Perna viridis farming in Surat Thani, Phetchaburi and Samut Prakan provinces where were located in the gulf of Thailand. Samples were collected during April, August and November in 2014. Based on the results of this study, there were three major types of mussel culture patterns in Thailand: bouchot culture, longline culture (rope culture), and raft culture. Mussel farmers encountered problems on decreasing of larvae mussel in the water column, water quality degradation, high production cost and farmer’s lack of negotiation power to control the price. The water quality of the mussel farms, such as dissolved oxygen (DO), pH, salinity, electrical conductivity (EC), fecal coliforms bacteria and the total coliforms bacteria met the standard for aquaculture. However, the nutrient, such as ammonium (NH4-N), nitri-nitrogen (NO2-N), nitrate-nitrogen (NO3-N) and soluble reactive phosphorus (PO4-P) were higher than the value of marine aquaculture standard. The results of the contamination of Salmonella spp. bacteria were not found in the mussel’s tissue, however Escherichia coli was found at very low level.

Caracterização dos pacientes com úlcera venosa acompanhados no Ambulatório de Reparo de Feridas

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Beatriz Guitton Renaud Baptista de Oliveira

2012-03-01

Full Text Available Objetivos: caracterizar os pacientes que apresentam úlcera venosa atendidos no ambulatório de um hospital universitário, avaliar as características das úlceras venosas e citar os produtos utilizados para o seu tratamento. Trata-se de um estudo clínico observacional, aprovado pelo Comitê de Ética em Pesquisa, realizado no Ambulatório de Reparo de Feridas, no período de janeiro a dezembro de 2008. O instrumento de coleta de dados abordou: informações clínicas do paciente e dados específicos da lesão e do tratamento tópico. Participaram do estudo 49 pacientes com úlcera venosa crônica; 55% eram mulheres entre 51-70 anos. Os participantes apresentavam 67 úlceras, a maioria localizada na porção inferior da perna (68,6%, com tempo de evolução menor de cinco anos (53,8%, apresentando leito com tecido de granulação e áreas desvitalizadas (49% e bordas apresentavam com epitelizacão em 58% dos casos. Os produtos disponíveis na instituição eram os ácidos graxos essenciais e a colagenase.

The systematization of nursing Assistance in care when a patient with Anemia Falciform with Leg Ulcer

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Gabriela Baptista Vieira

2013-12-01

Full Text Available Objetivo: levantar os diagnósticos de enfermagem mais evidentes e suas respectivas intervenções de acordo com Nursing Diagnostic Terminology (NANDA e Nursing Interventions Classification (NIC. Métodos: trata-se de um estudo exploratório o qual teve seu desenho metodológico baseado na vivência dos autores no ambulatório de curativo de um Hospital Estadual especializado em hematologia, como parte do programa de residência em enfermagem. Resultados: foram determinados oito DE, sendo dois de risco e seis reais, os quais foram descritos conforme a Taxonomia I da NANDA. Buscou-se também, após a determinação desses diagnósticos, propor intervenções de enfermagem baseadas na Nursing Interventions Classification (NIC. Conclusão: os achados revelaram que conhecer os diagnósticos de enfermagem dos indivíduos portadores de úlcera de perna secundária a anemia falciforme é de extrema importância para que os enfermeiros possam planejar individualmente o cuidado prestado a esta clientela. Descritores: Doença da hemoglobina SC; Diagnóstico de Enfermagem; Cuidados de Enfermagem

Existe déficit bilateral na realização de 10RM em exercícios de braços e pernas? ¿Hay déficit bilateral al realizar 10RM en ejercicios de brazos y piernas? Is there bilateral deficit in the practice of 10RM in arm and leg exercises?

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Walace David Monteiro

2006-06-01

Full Text Available Os exercícios resistidos (ER podem ser realizados de forma uni e bilateral. Dependendo da forma pela qual o movimento é conduzido, verifica-se a presença do déficit bilateral. Os estudos de déficit bilateral concentraram seus esforços na investigação do fenômeno em exercícios realizados com uma repetição máxima e pouco se sabe sobre o seu comportamento em exercícios com várias repetições. O presente estudo teve como objetivos: a comparar a carga obtida em 10 repetições máximas (10RM nos diferentes dimídios corporais em exercícios de braços e pernas; b comparar a soma das ações unilaterais com os resultados obtidos bilateralmente nos mesmos exercícios. Foram avaliadas 20 mulheres treinadas com idade entre 18 e 30 anos (24 ± 6 anos no teste de 10RM de forma uni e bilateral nos exercícios selecionados. A análise estatística foi realizada pelo teste t de Student pareado, para verificar a existência de diferença entre os membros, bem como no somatório dos dois membros separadamente em relação ao trabalho realizado bilateralmente. Para todos os procedimentos considerou-se um nível de significância de p Los ejercicios resistidos (ER pueden ser realizados de forma unilateral y bilateral. Dependiendo de la forma como el movimiento es conducido, se verifica la presencia de déficit bilateral. Los estudios de déficit bilateral concentraron sus esfuerzos en la investigación del fenómeno en ejercicios realizados con repetición máxima y poco se sabe sobre su comportamiento en ejercicios con varias repeticiones. El presente estudio tuvo como objetivos: a comparar la carga obtenida en 10 repeticiones máximas (10RM en los diferentes segmentos corporales en ejercicios de brazos y piernas; b comparar la suma de las acciones unilaterales con los resultados obtenidos bilateralmente en los mismos ejercicios. Fueron evaluadas 20 mujeres preparadas con edades entre 18 y 30 años (24 ± 6 años en el test de 10RM de forma uni e

Efeito de linhagem e sexo nas características geométricas e biomecânicas de tíbias de frangos de corte - doi: 10.4025/actascianimsci.v33i1.8090 Effects of lineage and sex on geometrical and biomechanical properties of broiler chickens tibias - doi: 10.4025/actascianimsci.v33i1.8090

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Conrado de Souza Rodrigues

2011-02-01

Full Text Available A criação intensiva de frangos de corte, aliada à nutrição e ao melhoramento genético com foco no ganho de peso, tem resultado em índices crescentes da incidência de problemas de pernas. Dentre as variáveis que podem contribuir para a ocorrência destes problemas, estão a linhagem e o sexo. Neste contexto, avaliaram-se propriedades geométricas e mecânicas de tíbias de frangos de corte, machos e fêmeas, de três linhagens comerciais no periodo final de crescimento, entre 21 e 42 dias. As características geométricas refletem a resposta adaptativa dos ossos, com relação direta entre suas dimensões e o peso vivo das aves. Quanto às características mecânicas obtidas de ensaios de flexão, observa-se o que o julgamento da robustez óssea pode levar a conclusões diferentes dependendo da variável mecânica considerada. Aves mais pesadas, com ossos maiores, suportam forças maiores na flexão. Entretanto, quando variáveis de resistência intrínsecas do material são consideradas, como resistência à flexão, observa-se que a linhagem mais pesada não apresenta resistência à flexão significativamente diferente das demais. O mesmo ocorre entre machos (mais pesados e fêmeas. Logo, aves mais pesadas, com tíbias tão resistentes quanto às das aves mais leves, podem ser mais susceptíveis a problemas estruturais de pernas.The intensive rearing of broilers, combined with nutrition and genetic improvement focused on weight gain has resulted in increasing rates of leg problems. Among the variables that may contribute to the occurrence of these problems are sex and lineage. In this context, the study evaluated the geometric and mechanical properties of the tibiae of broilers, male and female, from three commercial lines in the final growth stage, between 21 and 42 days. The geometric characteristics reflect the adaptive response of bone, with a direct relationship between their dimensions and the live weight of birds. As for the

Produção de Carne em Cordeiros Cruza Border Leicester com Ovelhas Corriedale e Ideal Meat Production in Male Lambs Derived from the Crossing Between Border Leicester Rams with Corriedale and Polwarth Ewes

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José Carlos da Silveira Osório

2002-06-01

Full Text Available O estudo objetivou oferecer informações sobre a morfologia (in vivo e na carcaça, características comerciais, componentes do peso vivo, qualidade da carcaça e da carne em cordeiros não castrados cruzas de Border Leicester com ovelhas Corriedale e Ideal, criados em condições de campo nativo no Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil. Foram utilizados 24 cordeiros, 11 procedentes do cruzamento de Border x Corriedale e 13 de Border Leicester x Ideal, sacrificados com 6,5 meses de idade. Foi verificado um efeito entre os cruzamentos para a perda ao resfriamento (em kg e %, peso e percentagem da pele, peso e percentagem do pescoço e capacidade de retenção de água. Igualmente, foi verificado que há diferença no desenvolvimento relativo dos componentes do peso vivo, composição regional da carcaça e composição tecidual da paleta entre os cordeiros Border Leicester x Corriedale e Border Leicester x Ideal e, dentro de cada genotipo verificou-se uma diferença quantitativa e qualitativa entre a paleta e a perna. As diferença quanto à qualidade da carcaça e carne não apresentam importância prática que justifique uma diferenciação do produto; porém, a comercialização deve ser com base no peso de carcaça fria e não com base no peso vivo ou carcaça quente. A paleta é mais precoce que a perna em ambos grupos genéticos.This study offers information on the morphology (in live and in carcass, commercial characteristics, components of the liveweight, quality of the carcass and meat in no castrated lambs derived from the crossing between Border Leicester rams and Corriedale and Polwarth ewes, grazing on native pasture in Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. Twenty-four lambs slaughtered at 6.5 months of age were used, from which 11 were from Border Leicester rams x Corriedale ewes and 13 were from Border Leicester rams x Polwarth ewes. Significant effects between crosses were observed for carcass looses (in kg and %, weight and percentage of the skin and

Avaliação do estresse térmico em condição simulada de transporte de frangos de corte Evaluation of thermal stress in simulated condition of transportation on broiler chickens

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Marco Aurélio Neves da Silva

2007-08-01

Full Text Available Objetivou-se simular, em câmara climática, a condição ambiental de estresse térmico durante o transporte de aves até o abatedouro para avaliação da influência do estresse térmico sobre parâmetros fisiológicos e as características de carcaça de frangos de corte. Trinta frangos machos com 42 dias de idade foram pesados, alocados em caixas de transporte (10 aves/caixa e submetidos a condição de alto estresse térmico (35ºC e 85% UR para simular o transporte até o abatedouro. A cada tempo de exposição às condições de estresse (0, 30, 60, 90 e 120 minutos, foram retiradas duas aves de cada caixa para análises posteriores. Foram mensurados o peso corporal, a temperatura retal, a freqüência respiratória e o hematócrito e, em seguida, as aves foram abatidas para avaliação das características de carcaça (pesos da carcaça eviscerada, do peito, das pernas (coxa e sobrecoxa, do dorso e das vísceras. As características fisiológicas e de carcaça (perda de peso corporal e pesos de pernas, asas e dorso diferiram após a exposição das aves à condição de alto estresse. O tempo de exposição e a condição ambiental de transporte afetaram negativamente o metabolismo e o equilíbrio térmico corporal das aves.This experiment aimed to simulate thermal-stress-environment conditions in climatic chamber during the transportation of birds to slaughterhouse to evaluate the influence of these conditions on physiological parameters and carcass conformation in broiler chickens. Thirty chicks with 42 days old were weighted and distributed to transportation crates (10 chicks by crate, and submitted to high stress conditions (35ºC and 85% RH to simulate the transport to the slaughterhouse. At each time of exposition to the stress conditions (0, 30, 60, 90 and 120 minutes, two birds from each crate was withdrawn for further analyses. Body weight, rectal temperature, respiratory frequency and hematocrit value were measured, and after

Tipos de miosinas de linhagens de frangos de corte criados em sistemas de confinamento e semiconfinamento Types of myosin of chickens of different strains reared in confinement and semi-confinement systems

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Luciene Aparecida Madeira

2011-09-01

Full Text Available O objetivo neste trabalho foi avaliar o peso vivo, o peso de pernas, os aspectos morfológicos das fibras musculares do músculo flexor longo do hálux e o perfil eletroforético das miosinas de cadeia pesada de quatro linhagens de frangos de corte criados nos sistemas de confinamento e semiconfinamento. Foram utilizados 1.440 pintos distribuídos em delineamento inteiramente casualisado em esquema fatorial 4 × 2, composto de quatro linhagens (Ross 305, Máster Gris, Label Rouge e Vermelhão Pesado e dois sistemas de criação (confinamento e semiconfinamento, cada combinação avaliada com quatro repetições. Aos 28 e 84 dias de idade, foram abatidas quatro aves por tratamento, totalizando 64 aves. A eletroforese identificou a presença das três isoformas de miosinas, tipo MyHC-I, MyHC-IIa e MyHC-IIb, no músculo flexor longo do hálux dos frangos de corte. Com aumento da idade, a isoforma de miosina MyHC-II aumenta, enquanto a MyHC-I diminui. Somente aos 84 dias de idade, a expressão das isoformas de miosina do tipo MyHC-II foram influenciadas pela linhagem, confirmando o reflexo da seleção na linhagem Ross no músculo mais glicolítico.A linhagem Ross apresenta maior peso vivo, peso de perna, peso e área do músculo flexor longo do hálux em comparação às linhagens tipo caipira.The objective was to evaluate body weight, leg weight and morphologic aspects of the muscle fibers of the flexor hallucis longus muscle and electrophoretic profile of myosin heavy chain of four strains of broilers, reared in confinement and semi-confinement systems. 1440 chicks were randomly assigned in a 4 × 2 factorial arrangement: four strains (Ross 305, Master Gris, Label Rouge and Vermelhao Pesado, two production systems (confinement and semi-confinement, with four replicates for each treatment. Four birds were sacrificed for each treatment, at 28 and 84 d, totaling 64 animals. Electrophoresis technique identified the presence of three myosin heavy

Avaliação eletromiográfica e ressonância magnética do joelho de indivíduos com síndrome da dor femoropatelar Electromyographic and magnetic resonance imaging evaluations of individuals with patellofemoral pain syndrome

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Alessandra C. S. Ribeiro

2010-06-01

Full Text Available OBJETIVOS: Analisar a atividade elétrica (EMG dos músculos vasto medial oblíquo (VMO, vasto lateral longo (VLL e vasto lateral oblíquo (VLO de indivíduos com síndrome da dor femoropatelar (SDFP durante contração isométrica voluntária máxima (CIVM de extensão da perna com o joelho a 30(0, a dor por meio da Escala Visual Analógica (EVA e o posicionamento da patela por meio da ressonância magnética nuclear por imagem (RMNI. MÉTODOS: Avaliaram-se 12 mulheres com SDFP e 12 clinicamente normais, que realizaram cinco CIVM de extensão da perna no ângulo de 30(0 para análise da EMG. Avaliou-se o ângulo do sulco (AS, ângulo de congruência (AC, ângulo de inclinação patelar (AIP e deslocamento patelar (DP pela RMNI. Utilizaram-se testes estatísticos: ANOVA, análise de variância de medidas repetidas para EMG; o teste Mann-Whitney U para análise da RMNI; o teste de correlação de Pearson (r entre EMG e RMNI e análise de variância one-way para avaliação da dor (pOBJECTIVES: To analyze the electrical activity of the vastus medialis obliquus (VMO, vastus lateralis longus (VLL and vastus lateralis obliquus (VLO muscles of individuals with patellofemoral pain syndrome (PFPS during maximum voluntary isometric contraction (MVIC of lower leg extension with the knee at 30°; to assess pain using a visual analogue scale (VAS; and to assess patellar positioning using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI. METHODS: Twelve women with PFPS and 12 clinically normal women were evaluated. They performed five MVICs of lower leg extension at 30° for electromyographic (EMG analysis. Using MRI, the sulcus angle (SA, congruence angle (CA, patellar tilt angle (PTA and patellar displacement (PD were obtained. The following statistical tests were used: analysis of variance (ANOVA for repeated measurements to assess EMGs; Mann-Whitney U test to analyze MRIs; Pearson's (r correlation test between EMGs and MRIs; and one-way ANOVA to evaluate pain (p<0

Seasonal variation of oxidative biomarkers in gills and digestive gland of green-lipped mussel Perna viridis from Arabian Sea

Digital Repository Service at National Institute of Oceanography (India)

Verlecar, X.N.; Jena, K.B.; Chainy, G.B.N.

peroxidation (LPX), hydrogen peroxide (H sub(2) O sub(2)), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPX), glutathione transferase (GST), glutathione reductase (GR), reduced glutathione (GSH) and ascorbic acid (ASA) were measured...

Variación espacial y temporal de las masas de agua, nutrientes y sedimentación de la materia orgánica e inorgánica en la bahía Mejillones del sur (23° S, Chile Spatial and temporal variability of water masses, nutrients and sedimentation of organic and inorganic matter, in Mejillones del sur bay (23° S, Chile

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MAURICIO CERDA

2010-01-01

Full Text Available Durante el verano austral de 2003-2004, se estudiaron las propiedades del material particulado que sedimenta en la bahía Mejillones del Sur, y la estructura físico-química de la columna de agua. Se encontraron aguas más cálidas y oxigenadas en la superficie, una clara estratificación entre 10 y 20 m de profundidad y aguas más frías, densas y subóxicas bajo los 30 m y hasta el fondo durante el periodo de estudio. La bahía se caracterizó por la interacción de tres masas de aguas: Agua Superficial Subtropical (ASST, Agua Subantártica (ASSA, Agua Subsuperficial Ecuatorial (AESS. Se puso en evidencia que eventos moderados y cortos de surgencia con duración entre tres a ocho días alternan con períodos más prolongados de estratificación de 29 días. Durante los eventos débiles de surgencia y en el inicio del evento de estratificación prevalecieron condiciones subóxicas a microóxicas con concentraciones de nutrientes más elevados en el estrato de los 10 a 15 m de profundidad. La variabilidad de los niveles de saturación de oxígeno disuelto (OD y de nutrientes con las concentraciones de nitrógeno (N, fósforo (P y ácido silícico (Si, y las razones de N:P y Si:NID en la superficie, indicaron la presencia de una dinámica importante de los procesos de reciclaje de la materia orgánica en la columna de agua, y del aporte alóctono de nutrientes durante la surgencia. Las variaciones quincenales de los flujos totales del material particulado colectado con trampas instaladas en la bahía, sugieren que la sedimentación del material en la columna de agua se encuentra gobernada por la alternancia entre los períodos de surgencia y de estratificación. Además en las trampas de sedimentación se observó un patrón de empobrecimiento de nitrógeno en función de la profundidad, lo que sugiere condiciones de remineralización y desnitrificación en las aguas oxido-reductoras de fondo de esta bahía.This study addresses the spatial and

Análise de conceito do resultado de enfermagem Mobilidade em pacientes com acidente vascular cerebral

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Rafaella Pessoa Moreira

2014-06-01

Full Text Available O objetivo foi realizar análise do conceito do resultado de enfermagem Mobilidade em paciente com AVC. Realizou-se revisão integrativa da literatura, por meio de acesso on-line às bases: Scopus, Pubmed, Cinahl, Cochrane e Lilacs, usando-se os descritores: mobility, stroke, nursing e sinonímias nas línguas portuguesa e espanhola. Identificaram-se 1.521 artigos de que, após seleção criteriosa, resultaram 49. Destacam-se artigos publicados no Canadá (26,7%, a partir de 2001 (95,9%, por fisioterapeutas (34,6%, em unidades de reabilitação (61,5%. Atributos identificados para Mobilidade: andar, ficar em pé, sentar, colocar a perna de um lado para outro, virar-se, iniciar e parar a locomoção, subir escadas, função motora, transferência e habilidade motora. Também foi construído caso modelo, caso contrário e identificados antecedentes: controle postural e equilíbrio; e consequentes: realiza tarefas no interior e exterior da casa e deambula sem dificuldade. Os conceitos do resultado Mobilidade encontrados nesta pesquisa precisam ser validados com especialistas na área e na prática clínica.

Accumulation patterns of lipophilic organic contaminants in surface sediments and in economic important mussel and fish species from Jakarta Bay, Indonesia

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Dwiyitno; Dsikowitzky, Larissa; Nordhaus, Inga; Andarwulan, Nuri; Irianto, Hari Eko; Lioe, Hanifah Nuryani; Ariyani, Farida; Kleinertz, Sonja

2016-01-01

Non-target screening analyses were conducted in order to identify a wide range of organic contaminants in sediment and animal tissue samples from Jakarta Bay. High concentrations of di-iso-propylnaphthalenes (DIPNs), linear alkylbenzenes (LABs) and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) were detected in all samples, whereas phenylmethoxynaphthalene (PMN), DDT and DDT metabolites (DDX) were detected at lower concentrations. In order to evaluate the uptake and accumulation by economic important mussel (Perna viridis) and fish species, contaminant patterns of DIPNs, LABs and PAHs in different compartments were compared. Different patterns of these contaminant groups were found in sediment and animal tissue samples, suggesting compound-specific accumulation and metabolism processes. Significantly higher concentrations of these three contaminant groups in mussel tissue as compared to fish tissue from Jakarta Bay were found. Because P. viridis is an important aquaculture species in Asia, this result is relevant for food safety. - Highlights: • Analyses of surface sediment and animal tissue samples from a tropical coastal system • Non-target screening enabled identification of a wide range of organic contaminants. • Comparison of contaminant patterns in surface sediments and animal tissue samples • Results illustrate compound-specific accumulation and metabolism processes. • Higher concentrations of all contaminants in mussel tissue as compared to fish tissue

Comportamento de poedeiras criadas a diferentes densidades e tamanhos de grupo em ambiente enriquecido

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Danilo Florentino Pereira

2013-06-01

Full Text Available O objetivo deste trabalho foi determinar diferenças comportamentais entre poedeiras criadas sob diferentes densidades e tamanhos de grupo, em condições de ambiente enriquecido. Foram utilizadas poedeiras Isa Brown com idade entre 30 e 32 semanas alojadas em galpões de escala reduzida e distorcida. As aves foram criadas durante 28 dias, em baias com cama de maravalha, poleiro e ninho. Foram avaliados dois tamanhos de grupos (6 e 12 aves e duas densidades de criação (774 e 1.440 cm² por ave, em arranjo fatorial com três repetições. Em amostras de vídeo de 15 min, foram registrados as frequências e os tempos de expressão dos comportamentos: arrumar penas, banho de areia, bater asas, beber água, bicar, coçar a cabeça, ciscar, comer, empoleirar, esticar perna, perseguir, sentar e visitar o ninho. Foram observados efeitos significativos dos tratamentos e da interação entre eles. O grupo de seis aves manifestou aumento da frequência de comportamentos que indicam maior frustração das aves, independentemente da densidade. O tamanho de grupo é o fator mais importante para o bem-estar das aves.

Primeiro caso de febre maculosa brasileira branda associada à artrite

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Virgínia Lucia Nazario Bonoldi

2014-06-01

Full Text Available Descrevemos o primeiro caso brasileiro de Riquetsiose branda, agravada por monoartrite em joelho, em adulto jovem picado por carrapato na perna esquerda na região de Camburi, localizada no município de São Sebastião, sul da região costeira do estado de São Paulo, Mata Atlântica, Brasil. O paciente apresentou uma escara de inoculação no local da picada do carrapato, associada ao aumento ganglionar em virilha esquerda, febre, poliartralgia, cefaleia e erupção macular. Vinte dias após o episódio da picada de carrapato, o paciente apresentou monoartrite em joelho direito. O diagnóstico de Riquetsiose branda foi estabelecido pela análise imunológica sequencial em amostras de soro e líquido sinovial, tendo sido empregada a técnica de imunofluorescência (IF indireta para anticorpos reativos contra Rickettsia parkeri e Rickettsia rickettsii. A Riquetsiose branda é uma zoonose emergente, que deve ser investigada pelos médicos, incluindo reumatologistas, em pacientes que apresentem erupção macular, febre e, eventualmente, artrite, após visita ao sul da região costeira da Mata Atlântica no Brasil.

Brexit na perspectiva do Path Dependency

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Giorgio Romano Schutte

2018-02-01

Full Text Available Esta pesquisa analisou o Brexit em uma perspectiva histórica, focando a conturbada relação entre a Europa continental e o Reino Unido ao longo do século XX, com ênfase no período pós Segunda Guerra Mundial. Foi utilizado o conceito de path dependency para argumentar sobre o papel de fatores históricos e decisões do passado, embora tomados em outras circunstâncias, ainda com força para influenciar o presente, para entender o Brexit. A premissa básica que será apresentada no ensaio é que o Reino Unido nunca participou de fato da ideia da Europa e sempre se viu como um país diferente por sua história e seu papel no mundo. Quando entrou, foi com uma perna só, a outra sempre ficou atrás, inclusive devido às especificidades de sua estrutura econômica herdada do passado, em particular no que diz respeito à agricultura. Desta forma, defende-se que, embora longe de ter sido inevitável, se tratou de um fenômeno limitado ao Reino Unido que tinha pouquíssima probabilidade de se repetir em outros países da União Europeia.

Modulation of antioxidant and biotransformation enzymes in the gills of Perna viridis (L.) exposed to water accomodate fraction of diesel

Digital Repository Service at National Institute of Oceanography (India)

Jena, K.B.; Verlecar, X.N.; Chainy, G.B.N.

tested for cell damage and antioxidant responses in P. viridis for over 15 day period. The parameters measured included lipid peroxidation (LPX), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPX), glutathione reductase (GR...

VARIABILIDAD TEMPORAL DE LA SURGENCIA Y LA ZMO, Y SU EFECTO SOBRE LA PRODUCTIVIDAD BIOLOGICA EN UN SISTEMA COSTERO DEL NORTE DE LA CORRIENTE DE HUMBOLDT

OpenAIRE

GUIÑEZ ARAYA, MARCOS IGNACIO

2012-01-01

Mejillones del Sur (23ºS), es una bahía orientada hacia el norte y ubicada a orillas del desierto más seco del planeta (Atacama). Esta bahía es parte del centro de surgencia de Punta Angamos, localizado en la zona norte del sistema de corrientes de Humboldt. En la bahía de Mejillones se han registrado valores de producción primaria media de 3170 mg C m-2 d-1 y una abundante diversidad fitoplanctónica. En esta bahía se han realizado una serie de estudios sobre la composición y estructura de...

Prevalência de mordida aberta anterior e protrusão dentária em pré-escolares da cidade do Recife (PE, Brasil Prevalence of anterior open bite and overjet preschoolers in the city of Recife (PE, Brazil

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Ana Flávia Granville-Garcia

2010-10-01

Full Text Available O objetivo deste trabalho foi verificar a prevalência de maloclusões (mordida aberta anterior, protrusão dentária e sua associação com idade, gênero e tipo de escola em 2.651 pré-escolares da cidade do Recife, PE, Brasil. As crianças foram sentadas em cadeiras escolares na sala da própria creche/escola para a execução do exame clínico; os menores de dois anos foram atendidos no sistema perna-perna ou joelho-joelho, por meio de iluminação natural e artificial. A protrusão dentária foi considerada quando sobressaliência maior que 3 mm, mensurada por meio de sonda periodontal milimetrada. A mordida aberta anterior foi registrada quando não houve contato com os dentes anteriores e os posteriores se mantiveram em oclusão. Foi registrada em ficha clínica a combinação dos dois tipos de maloclusão, ou seja, de mordida aberta e de protrusão dentária. Os dados foram avaliados estatisticamente pelo teste Qui-quadrado e a medida para avaliar a associação entre os eventos foi o odds ratio. A prevalência de protrusão dentária foi 66,1% e mordida aberta anterior, 19,8%; houve associação entre as maloclusões, idade e tipo de escola, porém não houve associação estatisticamente significante entre maloclusão e gênero. Conclui-se que a prevalência de maloclusões em pré-escolares foi elevada e esteve associada à idade e tipo de escola.The objective of this work was to verify the prevalence of malocclusions (anterior open bite, overjet and its association with age, gender and type of school with a sample of 2,651 preschool children in the city of Recife, PE, Brazil. The children were seated in school chairs in the room of the day care/school for the clinical exam, children aging two years or less were assisted in the system knee-knee, through natural and artificial illumination. The dental protrusion was verified when the overjet was larger than 3 mm through periodontal probe in millimeters. The presence of anterior open

Estudo alométrico dos tecidos da carcaça de cordeiros Santa Inês puros ou mestiços com Texel, Ile de France e Bergamácia Allometric study on carcass tissues from purebred Santa Inês lambs or crossbred with Texel, Ile de France and Bergamácia

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Iraides Ferreira Furusho Garcia

2009-03-01

Full Text Available Utilizaram-se 103 cordeiros, machos e fêmeas, Santa Inês puros (SS e mestiços com Texel (TS, Ile de France (FS e Bergamácia (BS confinados individualmente e abatidos aos 15, 25, 35 ou 45 kg de peso vivo. Após abate e resfriamento da carcaça, foram separados os cortes comerciais pescoço, costela/fralda, costeleta, lombo, paleta e perna, os quais foram dissecados em músculo, osso e gordura. O crescimento alométrico de cada tecido da meia-carcaça foi avaliado em relação ao peso da carcaça fria e os tecidos da perna, do lombo e da paleta em relação ao peso do corte. O desenvolvimento do músculo na meia-carcaça nos machos Santa Inês, Santa Inês × Texel e Santa Inês × Ile de France e nas fêmeas Santa Inês e Santa Inês × Texel foi semelhante ao do peso vivo vazio (coeficiente alométrico (b = 1, enquanto, nos machos Bergamácia e nas fêmeas Ile de France e Bergamácia, foi precoce (b1 em todos os grupos, com exceção da gordura da paleta nos machos BS, cujo desenvolvimento foi semelhante ao do corte (b=1.This study was conducted using 103 male and female lambs from the following genetic groups: Santa Inês (SS purebred and Santa Inês × Texel (TS, Santa Inês × Ile de France (FS, and Santa Inês × Bergamacia (BS crossbred. The animals were slaughtered at the following body weights: 15, 25, 35 or 45 kg. After slaughter and cooling of the carcasses, the following cuts were made: neck, rib/flank, short ribs, loin, blade, and hind limb. The composition in muscle, bone and fat of cuts and ½ carcass were evaluated. The alometric growth of each tissue of the loin, shoulder and leg in relation to the cut weight, and of each tissue of the ½ carcass in relation to the cold carcass weight, was measured. The allometric growth of muscles in the ½ carcass, for BS males and FS and BS females, was early (b1, except shoulder fat in BS males, with isogonic growth (b=1. The growth rate of shoulder muscles in SS and FS males, SS and TS

Fatores de risco que afetam as complicações da dissecação da veia safena na revascularização cirúrgica do miocárdio The risk factors affecting the complications of saphenous vein graft harvesting in aortocoronary bypass surgery

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Monir Abbaszadeh

2008-09-01

Full Text Available OBJETIVO: O problema da cicatrização de feridas é comumente observado após procedimentos de revascularização do miocárdio. Nosso objetivo é determinar a prevalência e os indicadores de complicação na dissecação da veia safena após procedimentos de revascularização coronária. MÉTODOS: Após revisão e aprovação pelo comitê de ética da instituição, uma revisão retrospectiva de 4029 procedimentos de revascularização foi realizada com enxerto da veia safena durante um período de seis anos. Treze fatores de risco para aqueles que desenvolveram complicações extensas nas feridas da perna foram analisados e comparados com toda a coorte de pacientes submetidos a procedimentos de revascularização semelhantes durante o mesmo período. RESULTADOS: Complicações nas feridas do membro inferior ocorreram em 68 pacientes (1,7%, 43 deles precisaram de intervenção cirúrgica adicional. Foram realizados 17 desbridamentos de feridas, nove transplantes de pele, uma angioplastia, 11 fasciotomias, três procedimentos vasculares e duas transferências livre de tecidos. Das treze variáveis analisadas pela análise multivariada, sexo feminino, IMC, uso de enxerto de veia torácica interna, doença vascular periférica, o uso de balão intra-aórtico no pós-operatório e hiperlipidemia pré-existente foram identificados como indicadores independentes significativos de complicações extensas nas feridas a perna (pOBJECTIVE: Problem of wound healing is commonly observed after coronary artery bypass graft procedures. Our aim is to determine the prevalence and the predictors of saphenous vein harvesting complication after coronary revascularization procedures. METHODS: After institutional ethical committee review and approval, a retrospective review was undertaken of 4029 bypass procedures with saphenous vein graft performed over a period of six years is conducted. Thirteen risk factors for those who developed major leg wound

Efeito dos níveis de concentrado sobre as características de carcaça de ovinos Morada Nova em confinamento Effect of concentrate levels on carcass characteristics of the Morada Nova breed sheep in feedlot

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Geovergue Rodrigues de Medeiros

2009-04-01

Full Text Available Avaliaram-se as características de carcaça e os rendimentos dos cortes medidos in vivo e na carcaça de ovinos Morada Nova terminados em confinamento com dietas contendo diversos níveis de concentrado. Utilizaram-se 32 cordeiros castrados, Morada Nova, com 8,11 ± 1,15 meses de idade e peso inicial de 19,67 ± 2,97 kg, em delineamento de blocos casualizados, cada um com oito repetições. Os animais foram abatidos com 30,0 kg e alimentados com quatro níveis de concentrado (20, 40, 60 ou 80%. Houve efeito linear crescente do nível de concentrado da dieta sobre o peso do corpo vazio e peso e o rendimento da carcaça fria e efeito linear decrescente sobre o conteúdo do trato digestório e o número de dias em confinamento. Os níveis de concentrado tiveram efeito linear crescente sobre o peso e rendimento de pescoço e efeito linear decrescente sobre os rendimentos da paleta e perna, ao passo que o peso do costilhar foi influenciado de forma quadrática pelos tratamentos. Nas medidas in vivo, apenas o perímetro da perna sofreu efeito decrescente. Nas medidas na carcaça, houve efeito linear crescente sobre a largura do tórax e a compacidade, que aumentaram com o nível de concentrado na dieta, enquanto a largura da garupa teve efeito quadrático. O uso de concentrado na dieta eleva os pesos e os rendimentos de carcaça fria, mas não aumenta os pesos e rendimentos dos cortes da carcaça de cordeiros Morada Nova.The in vivo carcass characteristics and the cut yields measured in the carcass of Morada Nova sheep finished in feedlot system fed increasing levels of dietary concentrate were evaluated. Thirty-two castrated Morada Nova lambs with 8.11 ± 1.15 months of age and 19.67 ± 2.97 kg of initial body weight were used in this trial. The experimet was analyzed as a completely randomized block design with eight replicates per treatment. Animals were slaughtered at 30.0 kg BW and fed diets with four concentrate levels: 20, 40, 60 or 80

Intervalo para o alojamento e níveis de lisina, em dietas baseadas no conceito de proteína ideal, sobre o desenvolvimento muscular e rendimento de carcaça de frangos de corte Delayed placement and dietary lysine levels, on diets based in the ideal protein concept, on muscular development and carcass yield of broiler chickens

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José Rodrigo Galli Franco

2012-09-01

Full Text Available Este trabalho objetivou estudar os efeitos do intervalo para o alojamento (IA e de níveis de lisina digestível (LD nas dietas iniciais sobre o desenvolvimento do músculo do peito e rendimento de carcaça de frangos de corte. Para tanto, 1.760 pintos de corte, machos, Cobb500, foram distribuídos aleatoriamente em oito grupos experimentais em arranjo fatorial 2x4 de 4 IAs (12, 24, 36 e 48h e dois níveis de LD (1,143 e 1,267%, com quatro repetições e 55 aves por unidade experimental. Met+Cys, Thr e Trp foram balanceados no conceito de proteína ideal. Não houve interação significativa entre LD e IA sobre as variáveis avaliadas. Os maiores pesos do peito desossado e filé de peito aos 21 dias de idade e peso corporal aos 43 dias foram obtidos no nível de 1,143% de LD. O peso do peito desossado, peso do filé, diâmetro das fibras musculares aos 21 dias, peso vivo, peso da carcaça e peso das pernas aos 43 dias de idade decresceram linearmente de acordo com o aumento no intervalo para alojamento. Os resultados deste estudo sugerem que o nível de 1,143% de LD favorece aumento no músculo peitoral aos 21dias e o peso vivo dos frangos aos 43 dias, e que o menor intervalo para o alojamento melhora o desenvolvimento dos músculos peitorais durante a fase inicial, e maior rendimento da carcaça inteira e das pernas no abate.This study aimed to study the effects of delayed placement (IA and dietary lysine levels (LD in initial diets on breast muscle development and carcass yield of broiler chickens. For this, 1,760 male Cobb500 chicks were allocated randomly to eight experimental groups according to a 2x4 factorial arrangement for 4 IAs (12, 24, 36 and 48h and 2 levels of LD (1.143 and 1.267% with four replicates and 55 chicks per experimental unit. Met+Cys, Thr and Trp were balanced according to the ideal protein concept. There were no significant interactions between LD and IA on variables evaluated. The highest breast weight and breast

1000 meters water depth rigid TLP riser; Riser rigido de plataforma de pernas atirantadas para lamina d'agua de 1000 metros

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Braga, Mauro Jacinto Pastor

1990-07-01

A procedure to estimate the fatigue life of a TLP riser in 1000 meters water depth based on a hydro-elastic analysis of an integrated riser-TLP model in the time domain is presented . The computational architecture is shown that makes it feasible to process and store the great amount of data involved. The procedure is applied to a 1000 meters water depth TLP with a set of 40 risers 8 inches in diameter equipped with a floatation layer. (author)

Antifouling Activity of Lipidic Metabolites Derived from Padina tetrastromatica.

Science.gov (United States)

Suresh, Murugan; Iyapparaj, Palanisamy; Anantharaman, Perumal

2016-07-01

An attempt has been made to identify the potential seaweed for antifouling property due to the growing need for environmentally safe antifouling systems. The antibacterial, antimicroalgal, and antimussel foot adherence potentials of methanol, dichloromethane, and hexane extracts of the chosen seaweeds such as Padina tetrastromatica, Caulerpa taxifolia, and Amphiroa fragilissima have been compared against copper sulfate. Among the extracts, the maximum antibacterial activities were exhibited by the methanol extract of P. tetrastromatica. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of the methanolic extract of P. tetrastromatica was found to be 10 and 1 μg/ml against test biofilm bacteria and diatoms, respectively. The antimussel foot adherence assay indicated that the extract had inhibited the foot adherence of the green mussels Perna viridis with the effective concentration (EC50) of 25.51 ± 0.03 μg/ml, and lethal concentration for 50 % mortality (LC50) was recorded at 280.22 ± 0.12 μg/ml. Based on the prolific results, the crude methanolic extract of P. tetrastromatica was subjected to purification using silica gel column and thin-layer chromatography (TLC). Then, the active compounds of the bioassay-guided fraction (F13) were identified using gas chromatography coupled with mass spectroscopy (GC-MS), and it was observed that fatty acids were the major components, which may be responsible for the antifouling properties.

Contamination of butyltin compounds in Malaysian marine environments

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Sudaryanto, Agus; Takahashi, Shin; Iwata, Hisato; Tanabe, Shinsuke; Ismail, Ahmad

2004-01-01

Concentration of butyltin compounds (BTs), including tributyltin (TBT), dibutyltin (DBT) and monobutyltin (MBT) and total tin (ΣSn) were determined in green mussel (Perna viridis), 10 species of muscle fish and sediment from coastal waters of Malaysia. BTs were detected in all these samples ranging from 3.6 to 900 ng/g wet wt., 3.6 to 210 ng/g wet wt., and 18 to 1400 ng/g dry wt. for mussels, fish and sediments, respectively. The concentrations of BTs in several locations of this study were comparable with the reported values from some developed countries and highest among Asian developing nations. Considerable concentration of BTs in several locations might have ecotoxicological consequences and may cause concern to human health. The parent compound TBT was found to be highest than those of its degradation compounds, DBT and MBT, suggesting recent input of TBT to the Malaysian marine environment. Significant positive correlation (Spearman rank correlation: r 2 =0.82, P<0.0001) was found between BTs and ΣSn, implying considerable anthropogenic input of butyltin compounds to total tin contamination levels. Enormous boating activities may be a major source of BTs in this country, although aquaculture activities may not be ignored. - Lack of any regulation of TBT clearly resulted in a heavy contamination of BTs in Malaysia

Contamination of butyltin compounds in Malaysian marine environments

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Sudaryanto, Agus; Takahashi, Shin; Iwata, Hisato; Tanabe, Shinsuke; Ismail, Ahmad

2004-08-01

Concentration of butyltin compounds (BTs), including tributyltin (TBT), dibutyltin (DBT) and monobutyltin (MBT) and total tin ({sigma}Sn) were determined in green mussel (Perna viridis), 10 species of muscle fish and sediment from coastal waters of Malaysia. BTs were detected in all these samples ranging from 3.6 to 900 ng/g wet wt., 3.6 to 210 ng/g wet wt., and 18 to 1400 ng/g dry wt. for mussels, fish and sediments, respectively. The concentrations of BTs in several locations of this study were comparable with the reported values from some developed countries and highest among Asian developing nations. Considerable concentration of BTs in several locations might have ecotoxicological consequences and may cause concern to human health. The parent compound TBT was found to be highest than those of its degradation compounds, DBT and MBT, suggesting recent input of TBT to the Malaysian marine environment. Significant positive correlation (Spearman rank correlation: r{sup 2}=0.82, P<0.0001) was found between BTs and {sigma}Sn, implying considerable anthropogenic input of butyltin compounds to total tin contamination levels. Enormous boating activities may be a major source of BTs in this country, although aquaculture activities may not be ignored. - Lack of any regulation of TBT clearly resulted in a heavy contamination of BTs in Malaysia.

Management of patients with non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma: focus on adoptive T-cell therapy

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Perna SK

2015-03-01

Full Text Available Serena Kimi Perna,1 Leslie E Huye,1,† Barbara Savoldo1,2 1Center for Cell and Gene Therapy, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, TX, 2Department of Pediatrics, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX, USA  †Leslie E Huye passed away on January 1st, 2015 Abstract: Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL represents a heterogeneous group of malignancies with high diversity in terms of biology, clinical responses, and prognosis. Standard therapy regimens produce a 5-year relative survival rate of only 69%, with the critical need to increase the treatment-success rate of this patient population presenting at diagnosis with a median age of 66 years and many comorbidities. The evidence that an impaired immune system favors the development of NHL has opened the stage for new therapeutics, and specifically for the adoptive transfer of ex vivo-expanded antigen-specific T-cells. In this review, we discuss how T-cells specific for viral-associated antigens, nonviral-associated antigens expressed by the tumor, T-cells redirected through the expression of chimeric antigen receptors, and transgenic T-cell receptors against tumor cells have been developed and used in clinical trials for the treatment of patients with NHLs. Keywords: adoptive immunotherapy, cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs, chimeric antigen receptor (CAR, transgenic T-cell receptors 

Arsenic, cadmium, and manganese levels in shellfish from Map Ta Phut, an industrial area in Thailand, and the potential toxic effects on human cells.

Science.gov (United States)

Rangkadilok, Nuchanart; Siripriwon, Pantaree; Nookabkaew, Sumontha; Suriyo, Tawit; Satayavivad, Jutamaad

2015-01-01

Map Ta Phut Industrial Estate is a major industrial area in Thailand for both petrochemical and heavy industries. The release of hazardous wastes and other pollutants from these industries increases the potential for contamination in foods in the surrounding area, especially farmed shellfish. This study determined the arsenic (As), cadmium (Cd), and manganese (Mn) concentrations in the edible flesh of farmed shellfish, including Perna viridis, Meretrix meretrix, and Scapharca inaequivalvis, around the Map Ta Phut area using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. The results showed that shellfish samples contained high levels of total As [1.84-6.42 mg kg(-1) wet weight (ww)]. High Mn concentrations were found in P. viridis and M. meretrix, whereas S. inaequivalis contained the highest Cd. Arsenobetaine (AsB) was found to be the major As species in shellfish (>45% of total As). The in vitro cytotoxicity of these elements was evaluated using human cancer cells (T47D, A549, and Jurkat cells). An observed decrease in cell viability in T47D and Jurkat cells was mainly caused by exposure to inorganic As (iAs) or Mn but not to AsB or Cd. The combined elements (AsB+Mn+Cd) at concentrations predicted to result from the estimated daily intake of shellfish flesh by the local people showed significant cytotoxicity in T47D and Jurkat cells.

Analgesia regional prolongada com catéteres periféricos: relato de casos

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Karl Otto Geier

2002-02-01

Full Text Available JUSTIFICATIVA E OBJETIVOS: Síndromes de Dor de Manutenção Simpática, Tromboangeíte Obliterante, Esclerodermia Sistêmica Progressiva (doença autoimune e analgesia pós-operatória respondem muito bem aos anestésicos locais quando em uso prolongado. O objetivo dos casos relatados visa divulgar o uso de catéteres curtos (catéteres venosos ou segmento de cateter peridural nas situações acima, na falta de material apropriado (Contiplexâ e similares associados ao estimulador de nervo periférico. RELATO DOS CASOS: São relatados casos de Síndrome de Dor Regional Complexa 1 e 2, úlcera de perna por tromboangeíte obliterante para preparação a enxertia de pele, esclerodermia sistêmica progressiva com comprometimento microcirculatório distal do pé, em que foram colocados catéteres venosos contíguos aos nervos periféricos dos respectivos territórios, visando o controle contínuo da dor através de injeções de anestésicos locais. CONCLUSÕES: Baseados nos princípios que norteiam a boa prática de anestesia regional e nos resultados obtidos, os casos apresentados mostraram que os catéteres usados podem substituir aqueles especialmente designados para as mesmas finalidades.

Botulismo tipo C em ganso ocorrido em Minas Gerais, Brasil Type C botulism in a goose at Minas Gerais, Brazil

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Francisco Carlos Faria Lobato

2008-08-01

Full Text Available Botulismo é uma intoxicação causada pela ingestão das toxinas produzidas pelo Clostridium botulinum, que acomete mamíferos e aves, caracterizando-se por um quadro de paralisia flácida. Neste trabalho, é descrito um caso de botulismo em ganso, ocorrido no município de Santa Luzia, região metropolitana de Belo Horizonte, no Estado de Minas Gerais. Ao exame clínico, o animal apresentava-se com um quadro de paralisia flácida dos músculos do pescoço, das pernas e asas, além de apresentar ainda desprendimento de penas. A necropsia não revelou lesões significativas. Foi colhido o soro do animal e submetido ao teste de soroneutralização em camundongo, que identificou a toxina de C. botulinum tipo C.Botulism is an intoxication caused by the ingestion of toxins produced by Clostridium botulinum, that affects mammals and birds, characterized by a flaceid paralysis. This report describes a case of botulism in a goose in Santa Luzia, Minas Gerais State, Brazil. Clinical examinations showed dropping feathers and flaccid paralysis involving the muscles of the wings, legs and neck. post-mortem examination showed no significant gross or macroscopic lesions C. botulinum type C toxin was demonstrated in the serum of the affected animal through serum neutralization test in mice.

Preservación y abundancia de escamas de peces en sedimentos del margen continental de Chile (21-36° S Fish scale preservation and abundance in sediments from the continental margin off Chile (21-36° S

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JAVIER A DÍAZ-OCHOA

2008-12-01

Full Text Available Con el objetivo de evaluar la relación entre la preservación de escamas de peces y las variaciones en las condiciones redox en sedimentos del margen continental de Chile, este trabajo presenta recuentos de escamas de peces y concentraciones normalizadas de elementos redox sensibles (Mo/Al, S/Al, Fe/Al en ocho testigos de sedimento recolectados en la zona de minimo oxígeno frente a Chile (Iquique: 20°15' S, bahía de Mejillones: 23° S y Concepción: 36° S. En el norte de Chile (Iquique y Mejillones predominan las escamas de anchoveta (Engraulis ringens y de peces de la familia Myctophidae (media = 90 y 120 escamas 1.000 cm-3, respectivamente mientras que en Chile centro-sur (Concepción son más abundantes las escamas de jurel (Trachurus murphy; media = 140 escamas 1.000 cm-3. La abundancia de escamas de merluza común (Merluccius gayi gayi y de sardina (Sardinops sagax es aproximadamente un orden de magnitud más baja que la de anchoveta o jurel. En general, los valores más altos y los rangos más amplios de variación en las razones Mo/Al, S/Al y Fe/Al se encuentran en Mejillones (Mo/Al ~0,8-12 mg g-1, S/Al 0,2-4,6 g g-1, Fe/Al 0,3-0,7 g g-1 seguidos por Iquique (Mo/Al -0,2-1,8; S/Al 0,2-0,7, Fe/Al 0,5-0,8, mientras que Concepción revela valores más bajos y poco variables (Mo/Al ~0,07, S/Al ~0,15 y Fe/Al ~0,5. La razón Mo/Al, utilizada como indicador de paleo-oxigenación, permite inferir condiciones reductoras relativamente más intensas en los sedimentos de la Bahía de Mejillones e Iquique que en Concepción. En las tres localidades de muestreo se evidencia una asociación estadísticamente significativa entre la abundancia de escamas de anchoveta y el logaritmo de la razón Mo/Al (r²= 0,46; P 1 mg g-1.The relationship between fish scale preservation and variations in the sediment redox conditions on Chile's continental shelf are evaluated herein through fish scale counts and normalized concentrations of redox sensitive elements

Weathering of ordinary chondrites from the Atacama Desert, Chile, by Mössbauer spectroscopy and synchrotron radiation X-ray diffraction

Science.gov (United States)

Munayco, Pablo; Munayco, Jimmy; Avillez, Roberto R.; Valenzuela, Millarca; Rochette, Pierre; Gattacceca, JéRôMe; Scorzelli, Rosa B.

2013-03-01

Some terrestrial areas have climatic and geomorphologic features that favor the preservation, and therefore, accumulation of meteorites. The Atacama Desert in Chile is among the most important of such areas, known as DCA. This desert is the driest on Earth, one of the most arid, uninhabitable localities with semiarid, arid, and hyper-arid conditions. The meteorites studied here were collected from within the DCA of San Juan and Pampa de Mejillones, located, respectively, in the Central Depression and the Coastal Range of the Atacama Desert. 57Fe Mössbauer spectroscopy was used for quantitative analysis of the degree of weathering of the meteorites, through the determination of the proportions of the various Fe-bearing phases and in particular the amount of oxidized iron in terrestrial alteration products. The abundance of ferric ions in weathered chondrites can be related to specific precursor compositions and to the level of terrestrial weathering. The aim of the study was the identification, quantification, and differentiation of the weathering products in the ordinary chondrites found in the San Juan and the Pampa de Mejillones areas of the Atacama Desert. The 57Fe Mössbauer spectroscopy study was complemented by synchrotron radiation X-ray diffraction and magnetic susceptibility measurements. The results allow a clear differentiation of the rate of weathering in meteorite samples collected from the San Juan versus the Pampa de Mejillones areas of the Atacama Desert.

GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION SYSTEM-BASED MODELING AND ANALYSIS FOR SITE SELECTION OF GREEN MUSSEL, Perna viridis, MARICULTURE IN LADA BAY, PANDEGLANG, BANTEN PROVINCE

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I Nyoman Radiarta

2011-06-01

Full Text Available Green mussel is one of important species cultured in Lada Bay, Pandeglang. To provide a necessary guidance regarding green mussel mariculture development, finding suitable site is an important step. This study was conducted to identify suitable site for green mussel mariculture development using geographic information system (GIS based models. Seven important parameters were grouped into two submodels, namely environmental (water temperature, salinity, suspended solid, dissolve oxygen, and bathymetry and infrastructural (distance to settlement and pond aquaculture. A constraint data was used to exclude the area from suitability maps that cannot be allowed to develop green mussel mariculture, including area of floating net fishing activity and area near electricity station. Analyses of factors and constraints indicated that about 31% of potential area with bottom depth less than 25 m had the most suitable area. This area was shown to have an ideal condition for green mussel mariculture in this study region. This study shows that GIS model is a powerful tool for site selection decision making. The tool can be a valuable tool in solving problems in local, regional, and/or continent areas.

Direct injection of tissue extracts in liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry for the determination of pharmaceuticals and other contaminants of emerging concern in mollusks.

Science.gov (United States)

Bayen, Stéphane; Estrada, Elvagris Segovia; Juhel, Guillaume; Kelly, Barry C

2015-07-01

In the present study, a straightforward approach was validated for the analysis of pharmaceutically active compounds and endocrine-disrupting chemicals in the mollusk tissues, with a focus on two species commonly consumed in Southeast Asia (green mussels: Perna viridis; lokan clams: Polymesoda expansa). This approach relied on a simple solvent extraction (shaker table) followed by direct injection in liquid chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). This "cleanup-free" approach was made possible by the use of isotopically labeled surrogates (to correct for matrix effects) and a post-column switch on the LC-MS/MS system (to remove potential interfering material). Altogether, relative recoveries were satisfactory for 36 out of 44 compounds (26-163% range) and excellent for 27 out of 44 compounds (79-107% range). Method detection limits (MDLs) were usually expressed in the nanogram per gram wet weight (ww) range and below. The method was successfully applied to 16 batches of green mussel samples collected in Singapore coastal waters. Trace levels of six compounds were detected in mussel tissues: caffeine (0.22-1.55 ng g(-1) ww), carbamazepine (

Estimativas da composição anatômica da carcaça de frangos de corte com base no nível de proteína da ração e peso da carcaça

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Silva José Humberto Vilar da

2003-01-01

Full Text Available Um experimento foi desenvolvido com o objetivo de estimar as proporções dos cortes nobres da carcaça de frangos de corte pelo modelo linear. Foram utilizados 842 frangos machos da linhagem Avian Farms, de 22 a 42 dias de idade, distribuídos num delineamento inteiramente ao acaso em esquema fatorial 3x4. Foram fornecidas rações formuladas à base de milho e farelo de soja para conter 2.900 kcal de EM e 15,43; 17,26; 19,60; e 22,60% de PB; 3.100 kcal de EM e 16,49; 18,45; 20,95; e 24,22% de PB; e 3300 kcal de EM e 17,55; 19,64; 22,30; e 25,78% de PB, totalizando doze tratamentos. Cada tratamento foi constituído por quatro repetições de 18 aves. Fortes correlações foram observadas entre o peso vivo aos 42 dias e o peso da carcaça (r = 0,958, o peso da carcaça e o peso de pernas (r = 0,991, peso de peito+osso+pele (r = 0,965 e peso de peito desossado (r = 0,950. A porcentagem de lipídio foi negativamente correlacionada com a porcentagem de umidade da carcaça (r = -0,880. A equação linear é recomendada para a predição dos componentes anatômicos da carcaça de frangos de corte.

Effects of solar PAR and UV radiation on tropical biofouling communities

KAUST Repository

Dobretsov, SV

2010-03-08

We investigated the effect of solar ultraviolet radiation (UVR) and photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) on the development of tropical micro- and macrofouling communities for 30 d. The experimental design involved 3 treatments: full spectrum (PAR+UVR), PAR only, and minimal light (reduced PAR and UVR). Terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis demonstrated that different light conditions resulted in the formation of highly different microbial communities. The lowest densities of bacteria were found under the full spectrum treatment, while the lowest densities of diatoms were found in the minimal light treatment. Macrofouling communities consisted of 13 species and differed among light treatments. In the presence of UVR, communities had low species diversity, evenness, and richness, while in minimal light and PAR treatments, communities had high species diversity, evenness, and richness. Similarity percentage (SIMPER) analysis revealed that the tubeworm Hydroides elegans, the alga Ulva (Enteromorpha) sp., and the bivalve Perna viridis were the species responsible for most of the dissimilarities in macrofouling communities among treatments. While densities of H. elegans were similar in the PAR and minimal light treatments, this polychaete had higher growth rates under minimal light conditions. We conclude that UVR and PAR directly control the development of shallow micro- and macrofouling communities by inhibiting the recruitment and growth of sensitive species and promoting the growth of resistant species, but also that these forms of solar radiation influence the surface cues available to competent larvae by altering the development of the microbial community.

Antifouling Activity towards Mussel by Small-Molecule Compounds from a Strain of Vibrio alginolyticus Bacterium Associated with Sea Anemone Haliplanella sp.

Science.gov (United States)

Wang, Xiang; Huang, Yanqiu; Sheng, Yanqing; Su, Pei; Qiu, Yan; Ke, Caihuan; Feng, Danqing

2017-03-28

Mussels are major fouling organisms causing serious technical and economic problems. In this study, antifouling activity towards mussel was found in three compounds isolated from a marine bacterium associated with the sea anemone Haliplanella sp. This bacterial strain, called PE2, was identified as Vibrio alginolyticus using morphology, biochemical tests, and phylogenetic analysis based on sequences of 16S rRNA and four housekeeping genes ( rpoD, gyrB, rctB, and toxR ). Three small-molecule compounds (indole, 3-formylindole, and cyclo (Pro-Leu)) were purified from the ethyl acetate extract of V. alginolyticus PE2 using column chromatography techniques. They all significantly inhibited byssal thread production of the green mussel Perna viridis , with EC 50 values of 24.45 μg/ml for indole, 50.07 μg/ml for 3-formylindole, and 49.24 μg/ml for cyclo (Pro-Leu). Previous research on the antifouling activity of metabolites from marine bacteria towards mussels is scarce. Indole, 3-formylindole and cyclo (Pro-Leu) also exhibited antifouling activity against settlement of the barnacle Balanus albicostatus (EC 50 values of 8.84, 0.43, and 11.35 μg/ml, respectively) and the marine bacterium Pseudomonas sp. (EC 50 values of 42.68, 69.68, and 39.05 μg/ml, respectively). These results suggested that the three compounds are potentially useful for environmentally friendly mussel control and/or the development of new antifouling additives that are effective against several biofoulers.

Immunotoxicity in green mussels under perfluoroalkyl substance (PFAS) exposure: Reversible response and response model development.

Science.gov (United States)

Liu, Changhui; Gin, Karina Yew-Hoong

2018-04-01

The immunotoxicity of 4 commonly detected perfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs), namely, perfluorooctanesulfonate (PFOS), perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA), perfluorononanoic acid (PFNA), and perfluorodecanoic acid (PFDA) was investigated by measuring biomarkers of the immune profile of green mussels, Perna viridis. The biomarkers included neutral red retention, phagocytosis, and spontaneous cytotoxicity, all of which were tested on mussel hemocytes. Hemocytes are an important component of the invertebrate immune system. We found that exposure to PFASs could lead to reduced hemocyte cell viability and suppress immune function by up to 50% of normal performance within the experimental exposure range. The results indicate that PFASs have an immunotoxic potential and thus could pose severe health risks to aquatic organisms. The reported immunotoxicity is likely to result from the compounds' direct and indirect interactions with the hemocyte membrane, and therefore likely to affect the functionality of these cells. The immunotoxic response was found to be related to the organism's burden of PFASs, and was reversible when the compounds were removed from the test organisms. Based on this relationship, models using an organism's PFAS concentration and bioaccumulation factor (BAF) as the independent variables were established to quantify PFAS-induced immunotoxicity. The models help us to gain a better understanding of the toxic mechanism of PFASs, and provide a tool to evaluate adverse effects for the whole group of compounds with one mathematical equation. Environ Toxicol Chem 2018;37:1138-1145. © 2018 SETAC. © 2018 SETAC.

Acidentes de trabalho na zona rural de Pelotas, Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil: um estudo transversal de base populacional

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Fehlberg Marta Fernanda

2001-01-01

Full Text Available São escassos os estudos de base populacional sobre a ocorrência de acidentes de trabalho rural. Para investigar este tema, realizou-se em Pelotas, Rio Grande do Sul, um estudo transversal com o objetivo de verificar a ocorrência e as características dos acidentes do trabalho rural. Uma amostra representativa da população foi obtida através de amostragem em estágios múltiplos, utilizando-se os setores censitários da Fundação Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística. Em quatro meses, no ano de 1996, foram estudadas 258 famílias, e 580 trabalhadores rurais foram entrevistados, utilizando-se questionários padronizados e pré-codificados. Os acidentes de trabalho nos últimos doze meses atingiram 63 trabalhadores (11%, que referiram, pelo menos, um acidente no período. O total de acidentes ocorridos foi de 82, e foram causados, principalmente, por ferramentas manuais (29% e por animais domésticos (27%. A principal lesão provocada foi corte (50%, seguida por contusão (13% e queimadura (9%. As partes do corpo mais atingidas foram as mãos (34%, os pés (29% e as pernas (18%. Em apenas 32% dos casos, o trabalhador rural acidentado procurou tratamento. Desses, 46% procuraram o posto de saúde, e 36%, o pronto-socorro municipal.

Natural Isotope Radium in Marine Biota at Kapar, Klang Coastal Area

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Nik Azlin Nik Ariffin; Che Abd Rahim Mohamed

2014-01-01

The activities concentration of 226 Ra and 228 Ra in marine biota at Kapar coastal area nearby Sultan Salahudin Abdul Aziz Shah Power Station (SJSSAAS) had been analyzed. The techniques that had been used to determine the activities concentration of 226 Ra dan 228 Ra are radiochemistry procedures and liquid scintillation counter (LSC). Results shows that the distribution of radium isotopes depend on the location and during sampling periods. The activities concentration of 226 Rai and 228 Rai in tissue were ranged 11.82 ± 5.23 Bq/ kg - 17.67 ± 6.81 Bq/ kg and 40.42 ± 16.20 Bq/ kg - 67.86 ± 23.11 Bq/ kg, respectively. The mean activities concentration of radium isotopes in bivalvia such as cockles (anadara granosa) are 61.73 ± 24.15 Bq/ kg (226Raag) and 232.62 ± 119.44 Bq/ kg (228Raag). Meanwhile for green mussles (perna viridis), the mean activities concentration of 226Rapv dan 228Rapv are 38.24 ± 14.19 Bq/ kg dan 99.59 ± 44.91 Bq/ kg, respectively. Concentration Factor (CF) in marine biota is higher than 1 x 10 4 and it is because of the accumulated radium isotopes is low and has a high affinity for organic matter. The study also shows the effectiveness of dose in radium isotopes were measured to ensure the safety of users and it is still below the limit allowed Malaysia which is 1 mSv / year. (author)

Emergy evaluation of benthic ecosystems influenced by upwelling in northern Chile: Contributions of the ecosystems to the regional economy

Science.gov (United States)

Emergy evaluations of three benthic ecosystem networks found in Mejillones, Antofagasta and Tongoy Bays, located on the coast of northern Chile, were carried out with the intent of documenting the contributions of these coastal ecosystems to the economy. The productivity of these...

The zebra mussel; El mejillon cebra

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Bertran, A.; Esparza, J.L.; Munte, L.

2010-07-01

The aim of this article is, on the one hand, to provide information about the zebra mussel, its behavior, its effect on the ecosystem and the problems it poses for industry (especially in the CNA cooling systems) and, on the other hand, to review the strategies and technologies needed to control de mussel and to present the solution adopted by the power plant to combat the plague. (Author).

Perna canaliculus Lipid Complex PCSO-524™ Demonstrated Pain Relief for Osteoarthritis Patients Benchmarked against Fish Oil, a Randomized Trial, without Placebo Control

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Jacek Szechinski

2013-06-01

Full Text Available Osteoarthritis (OA typically generates pain, reduced mobility and reduced quality of life. Most conventional treatments for osteoarthritis, such as non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs and simple analgesics, have side effects. PCSO-524™, a non polar lipid extract from the New Zealand Green Lipped Mussel, is rich in omega-3 fatty acids and has been shown to reduce inflammation in both animal studies and patient trials. This OA trial examined pain relief changes in relation to quality of life and safety of use for OA patients who took PCSO-524™ compared with patients who took fish oil (containing an industry standard EPA-18% and DHA-12% blend. PCSO-524™ patients showed a statistically significant improvement compared with patients who took fish oil. There was an 89% decrease in their pain symptoms and 91% reported an improved quality of life. Patients treated with fish oil showed significantly less improvement and a greater level of physical discomfort during the study. These results suggest that PCSO-524™ might offer a potential alternative complementary therapy with no side effects for OA patients.

Perna canaliculus Lipid Complex PCSO-524™ Demonstrated Pain Relief for Osteoarthritis Patients Benchmarked against Fish Oil, a Randomized Trial, without Placebo Control

OpenAIRE

Zawadzki, Marek; Janosch, Claudia; Szechinski, Jacek

2013-01-01

Osteoarthritis (OA) typically generates pain, reduced mobility and reduced quality of life. Most conventional treatments for osteoarthritis, such as non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) and simple analgesics, have side effects. PCSO-524?, a non polar lipid extract from the New Zealand Green Lipped Mussel, is rich in omega-3 fatty acids and has been shown to reduce inflammation in both animal studies and patient trials. This OA trial examined pain relief changes in relation to qualit...

Características de carcaça e dos componentes não-carcaça de cabritos Moxotó e Canindé submetidos a dois níveis de alimentação Characteristics of carcass and non-carcass components of Moxotó and Canindé male kids under two feeding levels

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Carla Wanderley Mattos

2006-10-01

Full Text Available Foram utilizados 22 cabritos não-castrados (10 Moxotó e 12 Canindé com peso médio inicial de 15 kg confinados em baias individuais. Os animais foram distribuídos em um delineamento inteiramente casualizado, em arranjo fatorial 2 x 2 (duas raças e dois níveis de alimentação: AV = à vontade e AR = 30% de restrição. Foram avaliados os rendimentos de carcaça quente (RCQ, verdadeiro (RV e comercial (RC, os cortes da carcaça e o rendimento dos componentes não-carcaça em relação ao peso do corpo vazio (PCV. Cabritos alimentados à vontade apresentaram maiores RCQ e RC e porções comestíveis da carcaça. O rendimento verdadeiro não foi influenciado pelo maior nível de alimentação. Após o abate e resfriamento da carcaça, foram feitos os seguintes cortes: pescoço, paleta, costelas (1ª-5ª, costelas (6ª-13ª, lombo, perna e baixo. Apesar do maior peso (kg dos cortes dos animais alimentados AV, não foi observada diferença entre seus rendimentos em relação ao peso da carcaça fria. O rendimento da perna foi afetado pelo nível de alimentação, sendo menor para os grupos com nível de alimentação AV. Os rendimentos do fígado, da cabeça e do trato gastrintestinal foram influenciados pelo nível de alimentação. A raça não foi determinante de diferenças nas características de carcaça e dos componentes não-carcaça, assim como no rendimento dos cortes quando o peso e o tamanho à maturidade foram semelhantes. A restrição alimentar afetou o desenvolvimento e a deposição de tecidos nos animais, resultando em menores rendimentos e quilogramas de carcaça fria a ser comercializada.Twenty-two non-castrated male kids (10 Moxotó and 12 Canindé averaging 15 kg of initial body weight and housed in individual pens were used in this trial. Animals were assigned to a completely randomized design in a 2 x 2 factorial arrangement of treatments [two breeds and two feeding levels: ad libitum (AL or 30% of feed restriction (FR

Ganho de peso, característica da carcaça e dos demais componentes corporais de cordeiros confinados, alimentados com distintos teores de uréia Weight gain, carcass traits and other body components from feedlot lambs, fed diets with different levels of urea

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Pedro Paulo Sobolow de Souza

2004-08-01

Full Text Available A presente pesquisa teve por objetivo avaliar o desempenho, características das carcaças e componentes não constituintes da carcaça de cordeiros confinados, submetidos a uma dieta convencional, com outras três, que tiveram a fonte de proteína verdadeira substituída por níveis crescentes de uréia. Utilizaram-se 48 cordeiros inteiros, mestiços Ile de France x Corriedale, desmamados aos 70 dias de idade. A recria e a terminação foram efetuadas em regime de confinamento total, e os animais foram distribuídos, aleatoriamente, em quatro grupos com distintos níveis de uréia (0; 0,4; 0,8 e 1,2% da matéria seca total. Os animais foram abatidos ao redor de 32kg de peso vivo. Não foram observadas diferenças significativas entre os tratamentos para as variáveis: ganho de peso médio diário, peso vivo ao abate, pH muscular (0 e 45 minutos e 24 horas após o abate, pesos da carcaça quente e fria, porcentagem de perda de peso ao resfriamento, rendimentos comercial e verdadeiro, pesos dos componentes não constituintes da carcaça, condição corporal, conformação e acabamento. Entretanto, para peso da pele, o nível 0%, diferiu do nível 0,8%. Para as variáveis, morfometria e proporção dos cortes das carcaças, não foram observadas diferenças entre os níveis de uréia. O comprimento da perna(cm dos cordeiros com nível de 0,8%, foi inferior ao do nível 0%. Na variável índice de compacidade da perna, o nível 0,8% , diferiu dos níveis 0 e 0,4%. Concluiu-se que a utilização da uréia nos teores apresentados na presente pesquisa, é uma prática viável, não tendo afetado variáveis consideradas.This trial was carried out to evaluate performance, carcass traits and non-carcass components of lambs fed with a conventional diet plus other three diets with crescent levels of urea in substitution of a true protein source. 48 crossbred male lambs (Ile de France x Corriedale weaned at 70 days of age were used. They grew and were

Aspectos quantitativos de carcaças de bovinos de diferentes raças, alimentados com diferentes níveis de energia Carcass quantitative characteristics of steers from different breeds fed diet with different energy levels

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Ivan Luiz Brondani

2004-08-01

Full Text Available Objetivou-se avaliar as características quantitativas da carcaça de bovinos machos não castrados, terminados em confinamento e abatidos aos 13-14 meses de idade. Foram utilizados 16 bezerros com nove meses de idade e peso médio inicial de 220 kg (oito Aberdeen Angus - AA e oito Hereford - HE, submetidos a dois níveis de energia (3,07 e 3,18 Mcal/kg de MS. O desenho experimental foi inteiramente casualizado, em arranjo fatorial 2 x 2 (duas raças e dois níveis de energia. O volumoso utilizado foi a silagem de milho, com 36% de grãos na matéria seca (MS. O concentrado nos tratamentos de menor nível de energia participou com 12% e naqueles de maior nível, com 32% da MS da dieta. Os animais foram abatidos quando, por estimativa, as carcaças apresentaram, na média, um mínimo de 190 kg. Os animais AA apresentaram maior rendimento de carcaça quente (54,95 contra 53,75%, maior comprimento de perna (64,12 contra 62,12 cm e maior área do músculo Longissimus/100 kg de carcaça (29,31 contra 27,41 cm². Os animais que receberam o maior nível de energia na dieta apresentaram maior comprimento de perna (71,75 contra 64,50 cm e melhor conformação da carcaça (11,25 contra 10,12 pontos. Observou-se interação significativa entre raça e nível de energia para a espessura de gordura subcutânea, sendo a maior espessura verificada nas carcaças dos animais HE, que receberam o menor nível de energia.The objective of the experiment was to evaluate the carcass quantitative characteristics of feedlot finished steers, slaughtered at 13-14 months of age. Sixteen calves with nine months of age and average initial weight of 220 kg, being eight Aberdeen Angus - AA and eight Hereford - HE, were used. The animals were submitted to two levels of energy, 3.07 or 3.18 Mcal/kg of DM. The complete randomized experimental design was used, with a 2 x 2 factorial arrangement (two breeds vs. two energy levels. Corn silage with 36% of grain in DM was used as

Acroangiodermatite (pseudossarcoma de Kaposi: uma condição raramente reconhecida. Um caso na planta do pé associado a insuficiência venosa crônica Acroangiodermatitis (pseudo-Kaposi sarcoma: a rarely-recognized condition. A case on the plantar aspect of the foot associated with chronic venous insufficiency

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Maria Inês Fernandes Pimentel

2011-08-01

Full Text Available A acroangiodermatite ou pseudossarcoma de Kaposi é entidade angioproliferativa incomum relacionada a insuficiência venosa crônica, fístulas arteriovenosas, membros paralisados, cotos de amputação, síndromes vasculares e condições trombóticas. Apresenta-se, em geral, como máculas, pápulas ou placas purpúricas no dorso dos pés (especialmente hálux e maléolos. Relatamos um caso de acroangiodermatite afetando a região plantar, por dois anos sem diagnóstico, para o qual a coloração histológica por hematoxilina-eosina e a marcação imuno-histoquímica com CD34 foram decisivas. A paciente tinha insuficiência venosa crônica e a lesão respondeu bem ao uso de bandagens elásticas e repouso com a perna elevadaAcroangiodermatitis, often known as pseudo-Kaposi sarcoma, is an uncommon angioproliferative entity related to chronic venous insufficiency, arteriovenous fistulae, paralysed limbs, amputation stumps, vascular syndromes and conditions associated with thrombosis. It presents most frequently as purple macules, papules or plaques in the dorsal aspects of the feet, especially the toes, and the malleoli. We report a case of acroangiodermatitis in the plantar aspect of the foot, misdiagnosed for two years, in which haematoxylin-eosin hystopathological stain and immunolabeling with CD34 histochemistry examination were decisive for diagnosis. Patient had chronic venous insufficiency. The lesion responded well to the treatment with a combination of leg elevation and compression

Mercury accumulation in marine bivalves: Influences of biodynamics and feeding niche

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Pan Ke [Division of Life Science, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology (HKUST), Clear Water Bay, Kowloon (Hong Kong); Wang Wenxiong, E-mail: wwang@ust.hk [Division of Life Science, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology (HKUST), Clear Water Bay, Kowloon (Hong Kong)

2011-10-15

Differences in the accumulation of mercury (Hg) in five species of marine bivalves, including scallops Chlamys nobilis, clams Ruditapes philippinarum, oysters Saccostrea cucullata, green mussels Perna viridis, and black mussels Septifer virgatus, were investigated. The bivalves displayed different patterns of Hg accumulation in terms of the body concentrations of methylmercury (MeHg) and total Hg (THg), as well as the ratio of MeHg to THg. Parameters of the biodynamics of the accumulation of Hg(II) and MeHg could reflect the species-dependent Hg concentrations in the bivalves. With the exception of black mussels, we found a significant relationship between the efflux rates of Hg(II) and the THg concentrations in the bivalves. The interspecific variations in the MeHg to THg ratio were largely controlled by the relative difference between the elimination rates of Hg(II) and MeHg. Stable isotope ({delta}{sup 13}C) analysis indicated that the five bivalve species had contrasting feeding niches, which may also affect the Hg accumulation. - Highlights: > Significant difference in Hg accumulation and MeHg:THg ratio in different bivalves. > THg concentrations in the bivalves were generally related to the efflux rates of Hg(II). > Elimination of Hg(II) and MeHg controlled the interspecific variation in MeHg:THg ratio. > MeHg and THg concentrations reflect the interaction of Hg biodynamics and food. - The species-specific body concentrations of MeHg and THg in bivalves reflect the complicated interaction between the biodynamics of Hg(II) and MeHg and the different food sources.

Termiškai aktyvių membraninių tekstilės medžiagų plazminis apdorojimas siekiant superhidrofobiškumo

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Adam TWARDOWSKI

2012-06-01

Full Text Available Specialios paskirties lauko drabužiai turi atitikti aukštus patvarumo, šiluminės ištaigos ir drėgmės pernašos reikalavimus. Šiems tikslams dažnai naudojamos membraninės termiškai aktyvios tekstilės medžiagos. Siekiant pagerinti šių tekstilės medžiagų išvaizda, gali būti naudojami įvairūs poveikiai, užtikrinantys superhidrofobinį savaime besivalantį paviršių (žinomą kaip lotoso efektas. Įgyvendinant šią idėją, buvo atlikti žėrinčiojo išlydžio radijo dažnio inertinių dujų bei angliavandenilių dujų plazmos poveikio pramoninėms medžiagoms tyrimai. Gauti geri rezultatai tiriant savaiminio valymosi savybes empiriškai, tam naudojant dulkes ir kietąsias daleles. Skirtingos poveikio sąlygos buvo lyginamos matuojant kontaktinį vandens drėkinimo kampą. Daugeliu atvejų paveiktų medžiagų kontaktinis kampas buvo gerokai didesnis nei pradinių medžiagų. Didžiausia kampo vertė siekė 155°. Paviršiaus ištirtas naudojant skenuojamąjį elektroninį mikroskopą (SEM bei SEM-EDX spektroskopiją. Silikoorganinių dujų plazma apdoroto pluošto paviršiuje aptiktas plonas būdingos sferinės struktūros sluoksnis.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5755/j01.ms.18.2.1920

Edema agudo do pulmão pós-extubação traqueal - Caso clínico Post-tracheal extubation pulmonary oedema - Case report

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Maria de Lurdes Castro

2009-05-01

Full Text Available O edema agudo do pulmão pós-extubação traqueal é um acontecimento raro (≈ 0,1%¹. A etiologia e multifactorial, sendo a obstrução da via aérea superior o factor desencadeante principal. O esforço inspiratório contra a glote encerrada causa pressões intratorácicas muito negativas, que se transmitem ao interstício pulmonar, condicionando uma transudação de fluidos a partir dos vasos capilares pulmonares1-5. Relatamos um caso de edema agudo do pulmão pós-extubação num doente de quinze anos, operado no serviço de urgência por amputação traumática da perna esquerda. Revemos a fisiopatologia, o padrão radiológico, potenciais factores de risco e medidas preventivas desta complicação respiratória pós-anestésica.Negative pressure pulmonary oedema is an uncommon complication of traqueal extubation (≈ 0,1%¹ mostly caused by acute upper airway obs truction. Upper airway obstruction from glottis closure leads to marked inspiratory effort, which generates negative intrathoracic pressure transmitting to pulmonary interstitium, and inducing fluid transudation from pulmonary capillary bed1-5. We report a case of post-extubation pulmonary oedema in a fifteen years old patient, submitted to surgery following traumatic amputation of his left leg. We review the pathophysiology, radiological findings, potential risk factors and preventive measures of this post-anaesthetic respiratory complication.

An X-Ray/SDSS Sample: Observational Characterization of The Outflowing Gas

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Perna, Michele; Brusa, M.; Lanzuisi, G.; Mignoli, M.

2016-10-01

Powerful ionised AGN-driven outflows, commonly detected both locally and at high redshift, are invoked to contribute to the co-evolution of SMBH and galaxies through feedback phenomena. Our recent works (Brusa+2015; 2016; Perna+2015a,b) have shown that the XMM-COSMOS targets with evidence of outflows collected so far ( 10 sources) appear to be associated with low X-ray kbol corrections (Lbol /LX ˜ 18), in spite of their spread in obscuration, in the locations on the SFR-Mstar diagram, in their radio emission. A higher statistical significance is required to validate a connection between outflow phenomena and a X-ray loudness. Moreover, in order to validate their binding nature to the galaxy fate, it is crucial to correctly determine the outflow energetics. This requires time consuming integral field spectroscopic (IFS) observations, which are, at present, mostly limited to high luminosity objectsThe study of SDSS data offers a complementary strategy to IFS efforts. I will present physical and demographic characterization of the AGN-galaxy system during the feedback phase obtained studying a sample of 500 X-ray/SDSS AGNs, at zdispersion) and X-ray properties (intrinsic X-ray luminosity, obscuration and X-ray kbol correction), to determine what drives ionised winds. Several diagnostic line ratios have been used to infer the physical properties of the ionised outflowing gas. The knowledge of these properties can reduce the actual uncertainties in the outflow energetics by a factor of ten, pointing to improve our understanding of the AGN outflow phenomenon and its impact on galaxy evolution.

Toxic responses of Perna viridis hepatopancreas exposed to DDT, benzo(a)pyrene and their mixture uncovered by iTRAQ-based proteomics and NMR-based metabolomics.

Science.gov (United States)

Song, Qinqin; Zhou, Hailong; Han, Qian; Diao, Xiaoping

2017-11-01

Dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT) and benzo(a)pyrene (BaP) are environmental estrogens (EEs) that are ubiquitous in the marine environment. In the present study, we integrated isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantitation (iTRAQ)-based proteomic and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR)-based metabolomic approaches to explore the toxic responses of green mussel hepatopancreas exposed to DDT (10μg/L), BaP (10μg/L) and their mixture. The metabolic responses indicated that BaP primarily disturbed energy metabolism and osmotic regulation in the hepatopancreas of the male green mussel P. viridis. Both DDT and the mixture of DDT and BaP perturbed the energy metabolism and osmotic regulation in P. viridis. The proteomic responses revealed that BaP affected the proteins involved in energy metabolism, material transformation, cytoskeleton, stress responses, reproduction and development in green mussels. DDT exposure could change the proteins involved in primary metabolism, stress responses, cytoskeleton and signal transduction. However, the mixture of DDT and BaP altered proteins associated with material and energy metabolism, stress responses, signal transduction, reproduction and development, cytoskeleton and apoptosis. This study showed that iTRAQ-based proteomic and NMR-based metabolomic approaches could effectively elucidate the essential molecular mechanism of disturbances in hepatopancreas function of green mussels exposed to environmental estrogens. Copyright © 2017 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Comparative effects of the blue green algae Nodularia spumigena and a lysed extract on detoxification and antioxidant enzymes in the green lipped mussel (Perna viridis)

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Davies, Warren R.; Siu, William H.L.; Jack, Ralph W.; Wu, Rudolf S.S.; Lam, Paul K.S.; Nugegoda, Dayanthi

2005-01-01

Nodularia spumigena periodically proliferates to cause toxic algal blooms with some aquatic animals enduring and consuming high densities of the blue green algae or toxic lysis. N. spumigena contains toxic compounds such as nodularin and lipopolysaccharides. This current work investigates physiological effects of exposure from bloom conditions of N. spumigena cells and a post-bloom lysis. Biochemical and antioxidative biomarkers were comparatively studied over an acute 3-day exposure. In general, a post-bloom N. spumigena lysis caused opposite physiological responses to bloom densities of N. spumigena. Specifically, increases in glutathione (GSH) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and decreases in glutathione S-transferase (GST) were observed from the N. spumigena lysis. In contrast, N. spumigena cell densities decreased GSH and increased GST and lipid peroxidation (LPO) in mussels. Findings also suggest that at different stages of a toxic bloom, exposure may result in toxic stress to specific organs in the mussel

Androgenic and Estrogenic Response of Green Mussel Extracts from Singapore’s Coastal Environment Using a Human Cell-Based Bioassay

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Bayen, Stéphane; Gong, Yinhan; Chin, Hong Soon; Lee, Hian Kee; Leong, Yong Eu; Obbard, Jeffrey Philip

2004-01-01

In the last decade, evidence of endocrine disruption in biota exposed to environmental pollutants has raised serious concern. Human cell-based bioassays have been developed to evaluate induced androgenic and estrogenic activities of chemical compounds. However, bioassays have been sparsely applied to environmental samples. In this study we present data on sex hormone activities in the green mussel, Perna viridis, in Singapore’s coastal waters. P. viridis is a common bioindicator of marine contamination, and this study is a follow-up to an earlier investigation that reported the presence of sex hormone activities in seawater samples from Singapore’s coastal environment. Specimens were collected from eight locations around the Singapore coastline and analyzed for persistent organic pollutants (POPs) and heavy metals. Tissue extracts were then screened for activities on androgen receptors (ARs) and estrogen receptors (ER-α and ER-β) using a reporter gene bio-assay based on a HeLa human cell line. Mussel extracts alone did not exhibit AR activity, but in the presence of the reference androgenic hormone dihydrotestosterone (DHT), activities were up to 340% higher than those observed for DHT alone. Peak activities were observed in locations adjacent to industrial and shipping activities. Estrogenic activities of the mussel extract both alone and in the presence of reference hormone were positive. Correlations were statistically investigated between sex hormone activities, levels of pollutants in the mussel tissues, and various biological parameters (specimen size, sex ratio, lipid and moisture content). Significant correlations exist between AR activities, in the presence of DHT, and total concentration of POPs (r = 0.725, p < 0.05). PMID:15531429

Is oxycodone/naloxone effective and safe in managing chronic pain of a fragile elderly patient with multiple skin ulcers of the lower limbs? A case report 

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Guerriero F

2015-08-01

Full Text Available Fabio Guerriero,1,2 Niccolo Maurizi,1 Matthew Francis,1 Carmelo Sgarlata,1 Giovanni Ricevuti,1,2 Mariangela Rondanelli,2,3 Simone Perna,2,3 Marco Rollone21Department of Internal Medicine and Medical Therapy, Section of Geriatrics, University of Pavia, 2Azienda di Servizi alla Persona, Istituto di Cura Santa Margherita of Pavia, 3Department of Public Health, Experimental and Forensic Medicine, Section of Human Nutrition, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy Abstract: Skin ulcers are a common issue in the elderly, as physiological loss of skin elasticity, alterations in microcirculation, and concomitant chronic diseases typically occur in advanced age, thereby predisposing to these painful lesions. Wound-related pain is often associated with skin ulcers and negatively impacts both the patient’s quality of life and, indirectly, wound healing. Pain management is an ongoing issue in the elderly, and remains underestimated and undertreated in this fragile population. Recent guidelines suggest the use of opioids as the frontline treatment of moderate and severe pain in nononcological pain in the elderly. However, due to the concerns of adverse reactions, drug interactions, and addiction, clinicians frequently hesitate to prescribe opioids. This case report describes an elderly diabetic patient with multiple ulcers of the lower limbs suffering wound-related pain. In our report, oxycodone/naloxone has proved to be an effective and safe drug, providing pain relief as well as increased compliance when redressing wounds and faster healing compared to that in similar patients. Our case provides anecdotal evidence, supported by other studies, to justify future, larger studies on chronic pain using this therapy. Keywords: chronic pain, skin ulcers, elderly, opioids, oxycodone, naloxone

Efeitos colaterais cutâneos após uso prolongado de hidroxiuréia na Policitemia Vera Cutaneous effects after prolongaded use of hydroxyurea in Polycythemia Vera

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Emmanuel Rodrigues de França

2011-08-01

Full Text Available A hidroxiureia é um derivado hidroxilado da ureia utilizado em diversas desordens hematológicas. Inúmeras alterações cutâneas, porém raras, são relatadas após seu uso prolongado. A patogênese das mesmas não está bem esclarecida, porém, sugere-se que a droga tenha uma ação tóxica direta sobre a pele. Descrevemos um homem de 75 anos, branco, com diagnóstico de Policitemia Vera que, ao longo de 11 anos de tratamento com hidroxiureia, evoluiu com várias lesões cutâneas: hiperpigmentação da pele, lesões atróficas em antebraços, melanoníquia longitudinal das 20 unhas, úlcera em antebraço direito, xerose cutânea, ictiose em pernas e carcinoma espinocelular no pavilhão auricular direito. Até o momento, os relatos na literatura descrevem pouca diversidade de lesões nos pacientes acometidosHydroxyurea is an hydroxylated urea derivative used in many myeloproliferative disorders. Many, but unusual cutaneous disorders are related after its prolonged use. Their pathogenesis is not clear, but it is suggested that there is direct toxicity of the drug on the skin. We described a white, 75-year old man with diagnosis of Polycythemia Vera that in 11 years of treatment developed many cutaneous lesions: skin hyperpigmentation, atrophic lesions on forearms, longitudinal melanonychia of 20 nails, right forearm ulcer, cutaneous xerosis, ichthyosis and auricular spinocellular carcinoma. At this moment, the literature reports describe little diversity of lesions in affected patients

Micronutrients (Ca, Fe, K, Na, Se, Zn) assessment and fatty acids profile in fish most consumed by Cubatao community, Sao Paulo, Brazil

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Curcho, Michel R.S.M.; Farias, Luciana A.; Fonseca, Barbara C.; Nascimento, Soraia M.; Favaro, Deborah I.T.; Kuniyoshi, Leonardo S.; Braga, Elisabete S.; Baggio, Sueli R.

2009-01-01

Fish are a healthy source of protein, providing omega-3 (n-3) the fatty acids that reduce cholesterol levels, and reduce the incidence of heart disease and stroke. The purpose of the present study was to assess the concentration of some micronutrients and also fatty acids profile in muscles of the most consumed fish species from Cubatao coastal region. Cubatao carnivorous fish species analyzed were: Micropogonias furnieri (Corvina), Macrodon ancylodon (Pescada) and Menticirrhus americanus (Perna-de-Moca), and planktivorous species Sardinella braziliensis (Sardinha) and Mugil liza (Tainha). Micronutrients (Ca, Fe, K, Na, Se, Zn) in fish muscle were determined by means of instrumental neutron activation analysis (INAA). Fatty acids profiles in these muscle fish samples were performed by gas chromatography. Total saturated fatty acids ranged from 23.0% in M. ancylodon to 50.0% in M. liza. Total polyunsaturated fatty acid contents varied from 10.9% in M. liza 38.4% in S. braziliensis. These fish species presented different proportions of polyunsaturated fatty acids of the n-3 family and of the n-6 family. Regarding the n-6 family, M. furnieri showed the highest values (13.3%) and M. ancylodon, the lowest ones (4.1%). On the other hand, for the n-3 family, S. braziliensis presented the highest value (31.8%) and M. liza the lowest one (5.7%). Regarding micronutrients content, great concentration variations between individual of the same species and between different species were observed. From the nutritional point of view S. braziliensis is the best choice showing highest content of fatty acid n-3 family and micronutrient concentrations. (author)

Micronutrients (Ca, Fe, K, Na, Se, Zn) assessment and fatty acids profile in fish most consumed by Cubatao community, Sao Paulo, Brazil

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Curcho, Michel R.S.M.; Farias, Luciana A.; Fonseca, Barbara C.; Nascimento, Soraia M.; Favaro, Deborah I.T., E-mail: mrcurcho@ipen.b, E-mail: defavaro@ipen.b [Instituto de Pesquisas Energeticas e Nucleares (IPEN/CNEN-SP), Sao Paulo, SP (Brazil); Kuniyoshi, Leonardo S.; Braga, Elisabete S., E-mail: edsbraga@usp.b [Universidade de Sao Paulo (USP), SP (Brazil). Inst. Oceanografico. Lab. de Nutrientes, Micronutrientes e Tracos nos Oceanos (LABNUT); Baggio, Sueli R., E-mail: sueli@ital.sp.gov.b [Instituto de Tecnologia de Alimentos (ITAL), Campinas, SP (Brazil). Centro de Ciencia e Qualidade de Alimentos

2009-07-01

Fish are a healthy source of protein, providing omega-3 (n-3) the fatty acids that reduce cholesterol levels, and reduce the incidence of heart disease and stroke. The purpose of the present study was to assess the concentration of some micronutrients and also fatty acids profile in muscles of the most consumed fish species from Cubatao coastal region. Cubatao carnivorous fish species analyzed were: Micropogonias furnieri (Corvina), Macrodon ancylodon (Pescada) and Menticirrhus americanus (Perna-de-Moca), and planktivorous species Sardinella braziliensis (Sardinha) and Mugil liza (Tainha). Micronutrients (Ca, Fe, K, Na, Se, Zn) in fish muscle were determined by means of instrumental neutron activation analysis (INAA). Fatty acids profiles in these muscle fish samples were performed by gas chromatography. Total saturated fatty acids ranged from 23.0% in M. ancylodon to 50.0% in M. liza. Total polyunsaturated fatty acid contents varied from 10.9% in M. liza 38.4% in S. braziliensis. These fish species presented different proportions of polyunsaturated fatty acids of the n-3 family and of the n-6 family. Regarding the n-6 family, M. furnieri showed the highest values (13.3%) and M. ancylodon, the lowest ones (4.1%). On the other hand, for the n-3 family, S. braziliensis presented the highest value (31.8%) and M. liza the lowest one (5.7%). Regarding micronutrients content, great concentration variations between individual of the same species and between different species were observed. From the nutritional point of view S. braziliensis is the best choice showing highest content of fatty acid n-3 family and micronutrient concentrations. (author)

Disruption of microbial biofilms by an extracellular protein isolated from epibiotic tropical marine strain of Bacillus licheniformis.

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Devendra H Dusane

Full Text Available BACKGROUND: Marine epibiotic bacteria produce bioactive compounds effective against microbial biofilms. The study examines antibiofilm ability of a protein obtained from a tropical marine strain of Bacillus licheniformis D1. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: B. licheniformis strain D1 isolated from the surface of green mussel, Perna viridis showed antimicrobial activity against pathogenic Candida albicans BH, Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1 and biofouling Bacillus pumilus TiO1 cultures. The antimicrobial activity was lost after treatment with trypsin and proteinase K. The protein was purified by ultrafiltration and size-exclusion chromatography. Sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE and matrix assisted laser desorption/ionization-time of flight (MALDI-TOF analysis revealed the antimicrobial agent to be a 14 kDa protein designated as BL-DZ1. The protein was stable at 75°C for 30 min and over a pH range of 3.0 to 11.0. The sequence alignment of the MALDI-fingerprint showed homology with the NCBI entry for a hypothetical protein (BL00275 derived from B. licheniformis ATCC 14580 with the accession number gi52082584. The protein showed minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC value of 1.6 µg/ml against C. albicans. Against both P. aeruginosa and B. pumilus the MIC was 3.12 µg/ml. The protein inhibited microbial growth, decreased biofilm formation and dispersed pre-formed biofilms of the representative cultures in polystyrene microtiter plates and on glass surfaces. CONCLUSION/SIGNIFICANCE: We isolated a protein from a tropical marine strain of B. licheniformis, assigned a function to the hypothetical protein entry in the NCBI database and described its application as a potential antibiofilm agent.

Disruption of Microbial Biofilms by an Extracellular Protein Isolated from Epibiotic Tropical Marine Strain of Bacillus licheniformis

Science.gov (United States)

Dusane, Devendra H.; Damare, Samir R.; Nancharaiah, Yarlagadda V.; Ramaiah, N.; Venugopalan, Vayalam P.; Kumar, Ameeta Ravi; Zinjarde, Smita S.

2013-01-01

Background Marine epibiotic bacteria produce bioactive compounds effective against microbial biofilms. The study examines antibiofilm ability of a protein obtained from a tropical marine strain of Bacillus licheniformis D1. Methodology/Principal Findings B. licheniformis strain D1 isolated from the surface of green mussel, Perna viridis showed antimicrobial activity against pathogenic Candida albicans BH, Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1 and biofouling Bacillus pumilus TiO1 cultures. The antimicrobial activity was lost after treatment with trypsin and proteinase K. The protein was purified by ultrafiltration and size-exclusion chromatography. Sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) and matrix assisted laser desorption/ionization-time of flight (MALDI-TOF) analysis revealed the antimicrobial agent to be a 14 kDa protein designated as BL-DZ1. The protein was stable at 75°C for 30 min and over a pH range of 3.0 to 11.0. The sequence alignment of the MALDI-fingerprint showed homology with the NCBI entry for a hypothetical protein (BL00275) derived from B. licheniformis ATCC 14580 with the accession number gi52082584. The protein showed minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) value of 1.6 µg/ml against C. albicans. Against both P. aeruginosa and B. pumilus the MIC was 3.12 µg/ml. The protein inhibited microbial growth, decreased biofilm formation and dispersed pre-formed biofilms of the representative cultures in polystyrene microtiter plates and on glass surfaces. Conclusion/Significance We isolated a protein from a tropical marine strain of B. licheniformis, assigned a function to the hypothetical protein entry in the NCBI database and described its application as a potential antibiofilm agent. PMID:23691235

Ergonomia e o cirurgião-dentista: uma avaliação do atendimento clínico usando análise de filmagem = Ergonomics and the dentist: an evaluation of clinical practice by filming analysis

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Garbin, Artênio José Isper

2008-01-01

Full Text Available Objetivo: Analisar os princípios de ergonomia durante atendimento odontológico realizado por cirurgião-dentista e auxiliar, com o uso de análise de imagens digitais capturadas por filmagem. Metodologia: Foram estudadas sessenta sessões clínicas de atendimento odontológico. A filmagem do atendimento clínico foi realizada com quatro câmeras profissionais CCO Color Keep HDL com lente íris fixa. Utilizou-se uma placa de captura para quatro canais (Pico 2000 de transmissão digital geovision para capturar as imagens e transmiti-las ao computador. Resultados: Na análise das filmagens os atendimentos duraram em média 1h 30min. O profissional não colocou em prática os princípios de ergonomia, sendo observados principalmente: torção da coluna vertebral para alcançar os instrumentais na posição de 7h ao trabalhar em 9h, auxiliar trabalhando com as pernas cruzadas; não-utilização da mesa auxiliar; levantamento dos ombros do operador, não deixando a linha do antebraço paralela ao chão; e inadequada acomodação do operador sentado no mocho. Conclusão: Os profissionais não seguiram os princípios básicos de ergonomia durante o trabalho. O recurso de filmar os atendimentos para análise dos procedimentos pode possibilitar que os profissionais realizem seu trabalho de forma planejada e estratégica para atingir suas metas sem prejuízo da saúde

Development of a toxicity model for paralytic shellfish toxins in mussel: uptake and release of toxins in Green Bay mussel

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Tabbada, Rhett Simon DC.; Ranada, Ma. Llorina O.; De Leon, Aileen L.; Bulos, Adelina M.; Sta, Maria; Efren, J.; De Vera, Azucena; Balagtas, Angelina; Sombrito, Elvira Z.

2009-01-01

In view of the expressed need to study shellfish toxicity and elucidate the kinetics of saxitoxin in green mussels Perna viridis), uptake/depuration rates of saxitoxin were studied in Juag Lagoon, Sorsogon and Sorsogon Bay. Both areas experience recurring blooms of Pyrodinium bahamanse var compressum (PbC) making them excellent study sites. Two sampling stations were selected, to which, mussels were introduced. Algal cell density and mussel toxicity were measured by receptor binding assay (RBA) and high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) from May to December 2007. During this period, two bloom events occurred, wherein, a decrease in cell density by two orders of magnitude (30,000 to 600 cells·1 +1 ) caused an order of magnitude decrease in toxicity (600 to 30 μg STX eq./100 g shellfish meat). A time lag between peaks of cell density and the corresponding toxicity was revealed. Vegetative cells were present throughout the sampling period, and a uniform horizontal and vertical distribution of cells was observed between the stations. Cell densities were significantly correlated with both RBA and HPLC estimates of STX content in mussels (Pearson r values of 0.7486 and 0.4325 for RBA and HPLC, respectively). In Sorsogon Bay, six sampling stations were also chosen, from which, water and mussels were being collected. Preliminary data showed that the cellular toxin content was primarily STX, making up to 90-100% of total toxin quantified. The average toxicity was estimated at 52.81fmol/cell. The effect of physiological factors to overall shellfish toxicity, though not directly characterized, may be deduced from these studies. (author)

Composição corporal, somatotipo e proporcionalidade de culturistas de elite do Brasil Composición corporal, somatotipo y proporcionalidad de fisicoculturistas de elite de Brasil Body composition, somatotype and proporcionality of elite bodybuilders in Brazil

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Paulo Rodrigo Pedroso da Silva

2003-11-01

Full Text Available O culturismo é um esporte que enfatiza a aparência física, a configuração e o formato corporais, buscando assim a excelência estética. A cineantropometria é uma ferramenta fundamental para guiar o curso do treinamento no culturismo. No entanto, existe escassez na produção de trabalhos científicos para essa população. O objetivo deste trabalho é descrever a composição corporal, o somatotipo e a proporcionalidade de 23 culturistas finalistas do Campeonato Brasileiro de Culturismo do ano de 2000. Os atletas foram avaliados momentos antes da competição e as seguintes variáveis determinadas: peso total, estatura, nove dobras cutâneas (triceptal, subescapular, biceptal, peitoral, axilar média, supra-ilíaca, abdominal, medial da coxa e medial da perna, dois perímetros musculares (braço fletido e perna e três diâmetros ósseos (umeral, biestiloidal e femoral, conforme a metodologia proposta pela International Society for the Advancement of Kineanthropometry (ISAK. Os atletas apresentaram idades entre 20 e 56 anos e peso corporal entre 57,4kg e 105,8kg. O somatório das nove dobras cutâneas (S9DC variou entre 38,4mm e 70,2mm. O somatotipo encontrado foi de 1,8-8,1-0,7, classificado como mesomorfo balanceado. O percentual médio de gordura foi de 9,65%, usando o protocolo de Faulkner, proposto pelo Grupo Brasileiro de Cineantropometria. O peso de gordura encontrado foi de 7,29kg. Quando comparados ao Phantom, os atletas estudados apresentaram maiores: peso corporal (Z = +1,66, perímetro de braço (Z = +5,26 e perímetro de perna (Z = +1,91. Conclui-se que os culturistas brasileiros de elite estudados apresentam baixo percentual de gordura e grande peso muscular, quando comparados com o modelo de Ross e Wilson (1974, sendo a sua estrutura corporal semelhante à dos culturistas da elite internacional.El fisicoculturismo es un deporte que enfatiza la apariencia física, la configuración y el formato corporal, buscando así la

Diabetes mellitus tipo 1 na ausência de neuropatia autonômica não altera a taxa de sudorese no exercício Type 1 diabetes mellitus in the lack of autonomic neuropathy does not alter the sudoresis rate in exercise

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Cristiane Martins Rocha

2009-02-01

Full Text Available A sudorese é o principal mecanismo autonômico termorregulatório na espécie humana. A taxa de sudorese (TS durante o exercício pode ser influenciada por diversos fatores, entre eles doenças, como o diabetes mellitus tipo 1, cujos pacientes são vítimas potenciais de distúrbios termorregulatórios. Os exercícios regulares são recomendados para diabéticos e, inclusive, alguns deles tornam-se atletas. No entanto, ainda não foi medida a TS de diabéticos durante exercício progressivo até a exaustão (GXT e comparada com a de indivíduos sadios com características antropométricas semelhantes. O presente estudo comparou a TS de sete voluntários diabéticos (DM e sete controles (GC, semelhantes quanto à idade, gênero, composição corporal e capacidade aeróbica. Antes e após o GXT, foram medidos a gravidade específica da urina (GEU, o peso e a glicemia capilar. A TS global foi calculada dividindo-se a variação do peso pelo tempo de coleta e área de superfície corporal. A TS local do antebraço foi calculada utilizando-se a variação do peso de um filtro absorvente corrigido pela sua área e tempo de coleta. As TS locais do antebraço e da perna foram induzidas por iontoforese com pilocarpina (0,5% no grupo DM. A freqüência cardíaca (FC foi registrada antes, durante e após GXT. A temperatura média da pele (TMP e as condições térmicas ambientais foram medidas durante o experimento. A glicemia capilar foi maior no DM, como o esperado. As TS global e local foram semelhantes entre os grupos, enquanto que a FC no repouso e a TMP no repouso e no exercício foram maiores no DM. Não houve diferença entre as TS do antebraço e da perna no DM com a pilocarpina. Concluiu-se que a resposta sudorípara foi semelhante entre diabéticos jovens e grupo controle durante exercício progressivo em ambiente temperado.Sudoresis is the main autonomic human thermoregulatory mechanism. It can be influenced by several factors, including

Effects of protein supplementation on fat-free mass in response to different weight loss programs in obese women

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Andiara Schwingel

2006-09-01

ício físico (DE, n=17 e dieta com exercício físico e suplementação protéica (DEP, n=21. A dieta restringiu-se a 1200 kcal/dia e o programa de exercício físico compreendeu atividade aeróbica durante 90 minutos/dia, 3 dias/semana.Os participantes em suplementação proteica receberam 14 gramas/dia de proteína. A avaliação da composição corporal foi conduzida antes e depois de 14 semanas utilizando DXA. Todos os programas resultaram significante redução de massa corporal (6,9 a 9,5kg e gordura (4,1 a 7,6%, sendo que a massa magra total diminuiu significativamente nos grupos D, DP e DE. No entanto, a redução não foi significativa para o grupo DEP. A massa magra localizada nas pernas, braços e tronco sofreu redução significativa nos grupos D e DP. Para o grupo DE, a massa magra do tronco não reduziu significativamente, assim como para o grupo DEP, a massa magra das pernas e do tronco não alterou significativamente. Entretanto, não foram observadas diferenças significantes na comparação entre os grupos com relação às mudanças obtidas na massa magra. Os resultados confirmam a eficiência da dieta e exercício físico na redução de gordura corporal. Entretanto, este estudo sugere que a suplementação proteica durante programas de emagrecimento de curta duração não se associa à preservação de massa magra.

Oxygenation variability off Northern Chile during the last two centuries

Science.gov (United States)

Díaz-Ochoa, J. A.; Pantoja, S.; de Lange, G. J.; Lange, C. B.; Sánchez, G. E.; Acuña, V. R.; Muñoz, P.; Vargas, G.

2010-07-01

The Peru Chile Current ecosystem is characterized by high biological productivity and important fisheries. Although this system is likely to be severely affected by climate change, its response to current global warming is still uncertain. In this paper we analyze 10-166 year old sediments in two cores collected in Mejillones Bay, an anoxic sedimentary setting favorable for preservation of proxies. Based on a 166 year chronology we used indicators of bottom water oxygenation proxies (Mo, V, S, and the (lycopane+n-C35)/n-C31) ratio) and surface water productivity (biogenic opal, counts of diatom valves, biogenic Ba, organic carbon and chlorins) to reconstruct environmental variations in Mejillones Bay. We find that at decadal scales, and during the last two centuries, a shift in the coastal marine ecosystem off Northern Chile took place which was characterized by intense ENSO-like activity and large fluctuations in biological export productivity, in bottom water oxygenation, and increased eolic activity (inferred from Ti/Al and Zr/Al). On top of this short-term variability, a gradual increase of sulfidic conditions has occurred being even more intensified since the early 1960s.

Variación temporal de la población de la almeja Darina solenoides y del mejillón Mytilus Edulis Platensis, y su relación con la alimentación del ostrero austral

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Lorenzo Javier Gallardo

2014-06-01

Full Text Available Resumen. El presente trabajo de investigación se ha planteado en el marco de una beca para alumnos avanzados de la UNPA, Unidad Académica Río Gallegos. Tiene como objetivo analizar las variaciones temporales de la población del mejillón Mytilus edulis platensis y de la almeja Darina solenoides y se inserta en un Proyecto de Investigación (29A/227 dirigido por Dra. Z. Lizarralde que tiene como objeto estudiar la ecología trófica del Ostrero Austral (Haematopus leucopodus en el estuario del río Gallegos (Santa Cruz. Durante el 2010 se efectuaron muestreos mensuales (abril a diciembre en un banco de mejillones y otro de almejas, con el objeto de analizar la variación temporal de la densidad y biomasa, y la estructura de tallas poblacional. Se analizó la granulometría y porcentaje de materia orgánica de los sedimentos. El sedimento del banco de mejillones se encuentra constituido en su mayoría por la fracción correspondiente a los gránulos; en el banco de almejas por arenas muy finas (43% y finas (39%. En ambos casos la materia orgánica no supera el 3 %. La densidad de mejillones alcanzó un valor máximo de 2255 individuos/m2 en abril y un mínimo de 497 en noviembre. La biomasa máxima se encontró en abril (110 g/m 2. La densidad de Darina solenoides alcanzó un valor máximo de 565 en junio y un mínimo de 282 individuos/m2 en el mes de octubre. La biomasa máxima ocurrió en diciembre (132 g/m2. No se detectó el período de reclutamiento de nuevos individuos en los bancos de las especies estudiadas.

Associação entre insatisfação com a imagem corporal e indicadores antropométricos em adolescentes Association between body image dissatisfaction and anthropometric indicators in adolescents

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Maria Fátima Glaner

2013-03-01

Full Text Available O objetivo foi verificar a associação entre a insatisfação com a imagem corporal, o índice de massa corporal (IMC, a adiposidade corporal e a obesidade abdominal em adolescentes. Participaram 637 adolescentes (11-17 anos de ambos os sexos. Foram medidos massa corporal, estatura, perímetro do abdômen, dobras cutâneas do tríceps e perna medial e, coletadas informações referentes a imagem corporal. O IMC, a obesidade abdominal e a adiposidade corporal foram usados como referência em relação ao desfecho. A prevalência de insatisfação com a imagem corporal foi de 60% (rapazes = 54,3%, moças = 65,2%; p The aim of this study was to evaluate the association between body image dissatisfaction, body mass index (BMI, body adiposity and abdominal obesity in adolescents. A total of 637 adolescent boys and girls (11-17 years participated. Measures of body weight, height, waist circumference, triceps and medial calf skinfold thickness and, body image were collected. BMI, abdominal obesity and body adiposity were used as references in relation to the outcome. The prevalence of body image dissatisfaction was 60% (boys = 54.3%; girls = 65.2%, p < 0.05. Boys with a low BMI and abdominal obesity presented a 4.31 and 4.93 times higher probability of body image dissatisfaction, respectively. In girls, the probability of body dissatisfaction was 6.81 and 1.95 times higher among those with a high BMI and high body adiposity, respectively. Low BMI and abdominal obesity were associated with body image dissatisfaction in boys, whereas in girls an association was observed with high BMI and high body adiposity.

Estudo morfobiométrico de abelhas jandaíra (Melípona subnitida duck criadas em cortiços racionais no município de São João do Rio do Peixe – PB

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Whalamys Lourenço de Araújo

2015-06-01

Full Text Available Em virtude da grande disseminação da abelha Jandaíra em diversas regiões do Nordeste brasileiro, este trabalho teve por objetivo realizar um estudo morfobiométrico desta espécie de melipona, criada em cortiços artificiais no município de São João do Rio do Peixe – PB, com a finalidade de verificar a viabilidade do modelo da chave entomológica proposta por pesquisadores já consagrados em Entomologia, diante das características morfobiométricas apresentadas por estas abelhas. A pesquisa foi dimensionada em um meliponário presente na região Sertaneja Paraibana, num total de 30 abelhas, de 10 distintos cortiços. A espécie em estudo, de acordo com a chave entomológica utilizada, pertence ao gênero Melipona e subgênero Melipona s.str., depois do confronto das características e descritas e as encontradas no inseto, o que demonstrou a eficácia da chave para identificação das abelhas criadas no sertão, que por sua vez apresentaram, em média, 8,85 mm de Comprimento Transversal; 3,38 mm de Comprimento Longitudinal; 7,84 mm de Pernas Coletoras; 6,99 mm de Asas Anteriores; 5,18 mm de Asas Posteriores e por fim 0,0520 mg de Peso Médio, além de características distintas da espécie em sua morfologia externa. Há uma necessidade de se estudar a variabilidade genética através de análises moleculares para uma melhor compreensão da diversidade e dinâmica dessas populações de insetos, bem como fazer uma revisão mais ampla dos subgêneros, em se tratando de morfologia descritiva.

Qualidade de vida em agricultores orgânicos familiares no interior Paraibano

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Yldry Souza Ramos Queiroz Pessoa

Full Text Available Percebe-se que o padrão produtivo na agricultura de um país determina mudanças significativas na saúde social e ambiental, refletindo-se na qualidade de vida dos agricultores. Objetivou-se caracterizar o processo de trabalho da Agricultura Orgânica Familiar (AOF e sua relação com a qualidade de vida dos trabalhadores. A população pesquisada foi composta de 29 agricultores, com idade média de 50 anos, e a composição familiar se constituiu, em média, de 5 a 8 moradores por domicílio. O tempo médio de trabalho na agricultura é de 39 anos e na agricultura familiar orgânica é de 16 anos. Quanto à renda mensal, verificou-se que a maioria dos trabalhadores pesquisados ganha um valor muito abaixo da média de renda desses trabalhadores. Todos contavam com abastecimento de energia elétrica e de água. No total de 8 propriedades, em 5 não existia coleta de lixo sendo este queimado. Referiram-se ao aparecimento de alguns sintomas como câimbras e fadigas nas pernas. Em relação à qualidade de vida, o domínio psicológico contribuiu positivamente para a qualidade de vida com média e desvio (17,83±12,78 e o domínio ambiente contribuiu negativamente para a qualidade de vida desse grupo (9,00±6,82. Concluiu-se que os trabalhadores têm percepção positiva acerca de sua qualidade de vida e há presença significativa do trabalho coletivo no curso da ação. Os agricultores apresentam dificuldades definidas com problemas de baixa renda devido à pouca venda da produção.

Avaliação da qualidade de vida e do sono de atletas paralímpicos brasileiros

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Andrea Maculano Esteves

2015-02-01

Full Text Available INTRODUÇÃO: o esporte paralímpico brasileiro vem ganhando destaque no cenário mundial e, com isso, a avaliação de variáveis que possam influenciar positivamente no desempenho desses atletas é de suma importância para o acompanhamento durante o seu período de treinamento. OBJETIVO: avaliar a qualidade de vida e do sono de atletas paralímpicos brasileiros. MÉTODOS: foram estudados 49 atletas paralímpicos das modalidades natação (n=20 e atletismo (n=29. Os atletas responderam a questionários que avaliaram seu padrão e queixas de sono e qualidade de vida. RESULTADOS: a maioria dos atletas (65,30% relatou má qualidade do sono, visto que a latência do sono neste grupo foi significativamente maior do que em atletas com boa qualidade de sono. Cinquenta por cento dos atletas relataram o desejo de fazer mudanças em seu horário de sono e 52% gostariam de aumentar o seu tempo de sono. A sonolência diurna excessiva foi observada em 53,06% dos atletas. Quanto às queixas de distúrbios do sono, foram relatados chute ou espasmos das pernas e ronco. Menores índices de qualidade de vida foram encontrados no meio ambiente em comparação com os domínios físicos, psicológicos ou sociais. CONCLUSÕES: os resultados sugerem que a maioria dos atletas apresentou uma má qualidade do sono e, consequentemente, um alto índice de insatisfação com o sono. Além disso, menores escores de qualidade de vida foram encontrados no domínio ambiental, que está relacionado com a segurança física, proteção e condições em casa.

Perfil antropométrico e a relação da flexibilidade com a dor e desconforto em trabalhadores da indústria de Santa Cruz do Sul – RS

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Patrik Nepomuceno

2016-10-01

Full Text Available Trabalhadores industriários estão expostos a diversas situações que podem agravar a sua saúde. A promoção da saúde no trabalho é de extrema importância e exige intervenção interdisciplinar. Objetivo: identificar o perfil antropométrico e a relação de flexibilidade com a presença de dor e desconforto em trabalhadores da indústria do município de Santa Cruz do Sul, RS. Método: Trata-se de um estudo transversal com trabalhadores industriários. Na avaliação antropométrica foram analisados índice de massa corporal e percentual de gordura, já para a flexibilidade foram realizados os testes do manguito rotador e sentar e alcançar. A dor e desconforto foi identificada através de uma figura do corpo humano onde eles referiam estes sintomas. Resultados: a maioria dos industriários apresentam excesso de peso (56,4% e bom percentual de gordura (49,2%, porém possuem resultados inadequados de flexibilidade de ombro (71,0% e parte posterior de tronco e pernas (64,6% e presença de dor e desconforto em ombros (50% e costas (26,6%. Ao relacionar a flexibilidade com a presença de dor e desconforto, percebe-se que as variáveis não se relacionam diretamente. Considerações finais: o perfil dos trabalhadores da indústria se caracteriza por excesso de peso, baixa aptidão na flexibilidade e presença de dor e desconforto. Sobre a dor e desconforto observa-se uma tendência de associação entre níveis de flexibilidade inadequada e a presença destes sintomas.

Assessment Cu, Ni and Zn Pollution in the Surface Sediments in the Southern Peninsular Malaysia using Cluster Analysis, Ratios of Geochemical Nonresistant to Resistant Fractions, and Geochemical Indices

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Yap. C. K.

2011-01-01

Full Text Available The intertidal sediment samples collected in May 2007 from 12 sampling sites in the southern part of Peninsular Malaysia, were determined for the total concentrations of Cu, Ni and Zn and their four geochemical fractions. The total concentrations (μg/g dry weight of Cu, Ni and Zn ranged from 9.48 to 115.82, 12.95 to 36.18 and 45.35 to 136.56, respectively. The ratios of nonresistant to resistant fractions based on geochemical analysis revealed that the Pantai Lido and Senibong had > 1.0, indicating > 50% of the total concentrations of Cu, Ni and Cu were contributed by anthropogenic sources. This is well complemented by the cluster analysis in which Pantai Lido and Senibong are clustered together based on the three metals clustering pattern. By using Fe as a normalizing element, Cu found at Pantai Lido and Senibong showed > 1.5 for the enrichment factor (EF, which indicated that the Cu was delivered from non-crustal materials or anthropogenic origins while all sampling sites showed Ni and Zn may be entirely from crustal materials. Based on the geoaccumulation index (Igeo (Müller, 1981, similar pattern was also found for Pantai Lido and Senibong in which again only Cu concentrations ranged from 1-2, indicating 'moderate pollution' (Igeo 1 < 2; Class 2.while other sites can be considered as 'unpolluted' (Igeo < 0; Class 0 by Cu, Ni and Zn. Ratios of NR/R exhibited better in the assessment of polluted sites while EF and Igeo should be revised according to Malaysian sedimentary characteristics. This study should prompt more biochemical and molecular studies on the intertidal molluscs from the Straits of Johore since the identified two sites are located in the Straits of Johore, especially the commercial mussel, Perna viridis.

Mathematical and numerical study of nonlinear hyperbolic equations: model coupling and nonclassical shocks

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Boutin, B.

2009-11-01

This thesis concerns the mathematical and numerical study of nonlinear hyperbolic partial differential equations. A first part deals with an emergent problematic: the coupling of hyperbolic equations. The pursued applications are linked with the mathematical coupling of computing platforms, dedicated to an adaptative simulation of multi-scale phenomena. We propose and analyze a new coupling formalism based on extended PDE systems avoiding the geometric treatment of the interfaces. In addition, it allows to formulate the problem in a multidimensional setting, with possible covering of the coupled models. This formalism allows in particular to equip the coupling procedure with viscous regularization mechanisms, useful in the selection of natural discontinuous solutions. We analyze existence and uniqueness in the framework of a parabolic regularization a la Dafermos. Existence of a solution holds true under very general conditions but failure of uniqueness may naturally arise as soon as resonance occurs at the interfaces. Next, we highlight that our extended PDE framework gives rise to another regularization strategy based on thick interfaces. In this setting, we prove existence and uniqueness of the solutions of the Cauchy problem for initial data in L ∞ . The main tool consists in the derivation of a flexible and robust finite volume method for general triangulation which is analyzed in the setting of entropy measure-valued solutions by DiPerna. The second part is devoted to the definition of a finite volume scheme for the computing of nonclassical solutions of a scalar conservation law based on a kinetic relation. This scheme offers the feature to be stricto sensu conservative, in opposition to a Glimm approach that is only statistically conservative. The validity of our approach is illustrated through numerical examples. (author)

Epidemiologia do acidente por serpentes peçonhentas: estudo de casos atendidos em 1988

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Lindioneza Adriano Ribeiro

1995-10-01

Full Text Available Foram avaliados aspectos epidemiológicos de acidentes por serpentes peçonhentas no Estado de São Paulo, Brasil, com base em prontuários de 322 pacientes e em entrevistas feitas com 209 deles e/ou seus acompanhantes. Os acidentes ocorreram principalmente com pessoas de 10 a 20 anos de idade, do sexo masculino, nos meses de outubro a abril e no período diurno. As regiões anatômicas mais freqüentemente picadas foram os pés, as mãos e as pernas. Bothrops, Crotalus e Micrurus foram responsáveis por, respectivamente, 95,0%, 4,4% e 0,6% dos casos. Não ocorreram óbitos, mas 2,2% dos pacientes apresentaram seqüelas. Dentre os 209 entrevistados, a ocupação de lavrador foi a mais freqüentemente relacionada ao acidente que, em aproximadamente 60% das vezes, ocorreu durante o trabalho. O total de 160 pacientes (76,6% submeteram-se a alguma forma de tratamento antes de chegarem a um serviço de saúde: foram mais comuns o uso de torniquete (50,2%, a expressão local na tentativa de retirar parte do veneno (33,5%, a colocação das mais diversas substâncias sobre o local da picada (36,8% e a ingestão de outras (12,9%; pouco mais de um quarto dos pacientes submeteram-se a alguma forma de tratamento médico antes de chegar ao HVB sendo mais comum a antissepsia (8,2%, a administração do antiveneno (6,2%, de anti-histamínicos (5,7% e de analgésicos (5,3%.

Removal of Selected Heavy Metals from Green Mussel via Catalytic Oxidation

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Faizuan Abdullah; Abdull Rahim Mohd Yusoff; Wan Azelee Wan Abu Bakar; Razali Ismail; Dwi Priya Hadiyanto

2014-01-01

Perna viridis or green mussel is a potentially an important aquaculture product along the South Coast of Peninsular Malaysia especially Johor Straits. As the coastal population increases at tremendous rate, there was significant effect of land use changes on marine communities especially green mussel, as the heavy metals input to the coastal area also increase because of anthropogenic activities. Heavy metals content in the green mussel exceeded the Malaysian Food Regulations (1985) and EU Food Regulations (EC No: 1881/ 2006). Sampling was done at Johor Straits from Danga to Pendas coastal area for green mussel samples. This research introduces a catalytic oxidative technique for demetallisation in green mussel using edible oxidants such as peracetic acid (PAA) enhanced with alumina beads supported CuO, Fe 2 O 3 , and ZnO catalysts. The lethal dose of LD 50 to rats of PAA is 1540 mg kg -1 was verified by National Institute of Safety and Health, United State of America. The best calcination temperature for the catalysts was at 1000 degree Celsius as shown in the X-Ray Diffraction (XRD), Nitrogen Adsorption (BET surface area) and Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FESEM) analyses. The demetallisation process in green mussel was done successfully using only 100 mgL -1 PAA and catalyzed with Fe 2 O 3 / Al 2 O 3 for up to 90 % mercury (Hg) removal. Using PAA with only 1 hour of reaction time, at room temperature (30-35 degree Celsius), pH 5-6 and salinity of 25-28 ppt, 90 % lead (Pb) was removed from life mussel without catalyst. These findings have a great prospect for developing an efficient and practical method for post-harvesting heavy metals removal in green mussel. (author)

Acidente ofídico no estado de Goiás

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Pinho Fábia Maria Oliveira

2004-01-01

Full Text Available OBJETIVO: Avaliar aspectos epidemiológicos dos acidentes por serpentes peçonhentas ocorridos no Estado de Goiás. MÉTODOS: Foram analisadas ''Fichas de investigação de acidentes por animais peçonhentos'', pertencentes ao sistema de notificação da Secretaria de Saúde do Estado de Goiás, no triênio 1998-2000. RESULTADOS: Foram notificados, neste período, 3.261 acidentes por serpentes peçonhentas, com coeficiente de incidência variando entre 20 e 23/100.000 habitantes. O maior número de casos ocorreu entre os meses de outubro e abril. Dentre os 2.350 casos em que houve referência ao gênero da serpente, 78,6% foram causados por Bothrops, 20,8% por Crotalus e 6% por Micrurus. Houve predominância do sexo masculino (78,5% e com faixa etária entre 20 e 39 anos de idade. As regiões anatômicas mais freqüentemente picadas foram: pé (43,6%, pernas (23,2% e mãos (20,1%. Em relação ao tempo de atendimento, mais de 80% dos envenenamentos foram atendidos com menos de 6 horas da picada. Os envenenamentos foram classificados, de acordo com a gravidade, em leves (31,6%, moderados (47,5% ou graves (9,6%. As complicações mais comuns foram necrose tecidual no local da picada (31,8% nos envenenamentos botrópicos e insuficiência renal aguda (1,2% nos envenenamentos crotálicos. A letalidade geral foi de 0,46%, sendo a maior taxa observada entre acidentes crotálicos (1%. CONCLUSÕES: Acidentes por serpentes peçonhentas no Estado de Goiás acometem principalmente a população jovem do sexo masculino e têm sido causa de óbito.

Disseminated cutaneous sporotrichosis in a patient with AIDS: report of a case Esporotricose cutânea disseminada em paciente com AIDS: relato de um caso

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Miriam Tomoko Mitsuno Carvalho

2002-12-01

Full Text Available We describe a case report of disseminated cutaneous sporotrichosis as the initial presentation of AIDS in a 24-year-old HIV-positive male patient. He presented multiple ulcerated skin lesions distributed over the face, thorax, legs and arms. Biopsy of one of the cutaneous lesions was suggestive of sporotrichosis and culture isolated Sporothrix schenckii. Itraconazole was started and the lesions progressively resolved after 15 days of medication. The patient was discharged with this medication but he did not return for follow-up. He died three months later in another hospital. Therapy of sporotrichosis in HIV-infected patients remains unclear and the response to therapy is variable. Itraconazole is highly concentrated in the skin and is one of the options for treatment of disseminated sporotrichosis.Descrevemos um relato de caso de esporotricose cutânea disseminada como apresentação inicial de AIDS em um paciente masculino de 24 anos HIV positivo. Ele apresentava múltiplas lesões cutâneas ulceradas, distribuídas na face, tórax, pernas e braços. A biopsia de uma das lesões cutâneas foi sugestiva de esporotricose e a cultura revelou Sporothrix schenckii. Foi iniciado o tratamento com itraconazol e as lesões progressivamente involuiram depois de 15 dias de medicação. O paciente teve alta com tratamento ambulatorial, mas não retornou para seguimento. Ele morreu três meses depois em outro hospital. O tratamento da esporotricose em pacientes HIV positivos ainda não está estabelecido. Por sua boa penetração cutânea, o itraconazol é uma das melhores opções para formas disseminadas de esporotricose.

First record of Stygnidae for the state of Espírito Santo and description of a new Protimesius (Arachnida: Opiliones: Laniatores Primeiro registro de Stygnidae para o estado do Espírito Santo e descrição de um novo Protimesius (Arachnida: Opiliones: Laniatores

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Adriano B. Kury

2008-06-01

Full Text Available Protimesius osvaldoi sp. nov. is described from the Reserva Biológica de Sooretama, state of Espírito Santo, southeastern Brazil, being the first record of Stygnidae from this State and the southernmost record of the family in the Brazilian Atlantic Forest (hitherto, the family was recorded down to Bahia only, extending in 210 km south of the previously known distribution. This is a large species, with armature of leg IV very reduced and penial morphology differing from the closest counterparts mainly in the ventral plate, which recedes deeply at the lateral borders and has the distal margin curved ventrally and by the presence of two small intermediate setae. Protimesius Roewer, 1913 consisted hitherto of 17 species, recorded from northern/northeastern Brazil and Amazonia of adjacent countries. A key is given for the 17 species of Protimesius for which males are known.Protimesius osvaldoi sp. nov. é descrita da Reserva Biológica de Sooretama, Espírito Santo, sudeste do Brasil, sendo considerado o primeiro registro de Stygnidae para este Estado (até então a distribuição registrada para a família se estendia apenas até a Bahia e o registro mais ao sul na Floresta Atlântica, aumentando em 210 km ao sul a distribuição do grupo. Protomesius osvaldoi é uma espécie de tamanho grande, com armação reduzida na perna IV e placa ventral. Protimesius possui 17 espécies, registradas no norte e nordeste do Brasil e Região Amazônica. É apresentada uma chave para as 17 espécies de Protimesius com machos conhecidos.

Estacionalidad de la erosión y el transporte eólico de partículas en el desierto costero de Atacama, Chile (23°S Seasonality of erosion and eolian particle transport in the coastal Atacama Desert, Chile (23°S

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Valentina Flores-Aqueveque

2009-07-01

Full Text Available La costa del Desierto de Atacama se caracteriza por la ocurrencia de vientos fuertes del sur y suroeste. El clima árido, la geomorfología plana y las características granulométricas de los depósitos superficiales de la Pampa Mejillones, ubicada en la costa del norte de Chile (23°S, favorecen el estudio de los procesos de erosión y transporte eólico de partículas en este desierto costero. Mediciones in situ del flujo horizontal de partículas (G y de vientos, junto con análisis sedimentológicos de la capa superficial de esta pampa, permitieron determinar los parámetros relevantes en el proceso de erosión y transporte eólico de partículas, así como estimar su estacionalidad. Se determinó un coeficiente de rugosidad superficial (z0 promedio del orden de 10-3 m, típico de planicies desérticas. Estacionalmente se observaron valores de G de hasta 2.100 g cm-1 mes-1 asociados a velocidades de fricción (u* entre 0,4 y 0,5 m s-1 durante la primavera del año 2000. Resultados similares se obtuvieron para los años 1999 y 2001. La sedimentología (granulometría y textura superficial y mineralogía de las partículas del suelo y del material capturado en las trampas de polvo, permitieron determinar que la fracción transportada está caracterizada principalmente por cuarzo y feldespatos, y modas granulométricas entre 75 y 1.000 um, similares a las observadas en los sedimentos cercanos y al sur (viento arriba del área de captura. Los resultados obtenidos y la correlación preliminar entre los vientos medidos en distintas estaciones meteorológicas en la península de Mejillones, permiten establecer una relación directa entre el flujo horizontal de partículas hacia la bahía homónima y los vientos regionales del sur-suroeste, especialmente durante los meses de primavera y verano, en concomitancia con la intensificación de los vientos favorables a la surgencia costera en el área oceánica adyacente.The coast of the Atacama Desert is

Avaliação do tempo de resposta eletromiográfica em atletas de voleibol e não atletas que sofreram entorse de tornozelo Evaluación del tiempo de respuesta electromiográfica en atletas de voleibol y no atletas que han sufrido esguince de tobillo Evaluation of the time for the electromyographic response in volleyball athletes and non-athletes who had ankle sprain

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Adriana Moré Pacheco

2005-12-01

Full Text Available A proposta deste estudo foi examinar o tempo de resposta eletromiográfica dos músculos fibulares, na inversão repentina do pé, em tornozelos com presença de lesão e saudáveis. Três grupos foram testados, um de atletas normais (grupo 1, um de atletas com história recente de entorse de tornozelo (grupo 2 e o outro de não atletas com história recente de entorse de tornozelo (grupo 3. Para cada sujeito dos três grupos, ambos os tornozelos foram testados. Os sujeitos que sofreram entorse de tornozelo (grupos 2 e 3 não apresentavam sintomas de lesão durante os últimos dois meses antes do teste. Uma plataforma capaz de produzir uma inversão repentina lateral de 20° do tornozelo no plano frontal simulava um evento de entorse de tornozelo. Eletrodos de eletromiografia de superfície foram colocados na pele sobre os músculos fibulares. Os tempos de resposta eletromiográfica dos músculos fibulares foram obtidos e comparados entre os grupos. Para o grupo 1, a média dos tempos de resposta eletromiográfica foi de 71ms para a perna direita e 69ms para a perna esquerda. Para o grupo 2, a média dos tempos de resposta eletromiográfica foi de 72ms para o tornozelo sem lesão e 74ms para o tornozelo com a lesão. Para o grupo 3, a média dos tempos de resposta eletromiográfica foi de 72ms para o tornozelo sem lesão e 73ms para o tornozelo com a lesão. Os resultados indicaram que não houve diferença estatisticamente significante entre as pernas direita e esquerda no grupo 1 e entre os tornozelos sem lesão e com lesão dos grupos 2 e 3 para os músculos fibulares. Os achados do presente estudo sugerem que a resposta eletromiográfica dos músculos fibulares, durante o deslocamento angular repentino do tornozelo, não foi influenciada pela entorse de tornozelo.La propuesta de este estudio era examinar el tiempo de la respuesta electromiográfica de los musculos fibulares, en el esguince agudo del pie, en los tobillos con la presencia de l

A (Re)Construção do caminhar: itinerário terapêutico de pessoas com doença falciforme com histórico de úlcera de perna

OpenAIRE

Dias, Ana Luisa de Araújo

2013-01-01

A doença falciforme (DF) é uma patologia hematológica hereditária que apresenta impacto significativo à vida das pessoas com a doença e suas famílias. Com base nos dados da triagem neonatal o Ministério da Saúde estima o nascimento de 3500 bebês com a doença a cada ano, com incidência média de 1 a cada 1000 nascidos vivos no país. A Bahia concentra a incidência mais alta, com 1 a cada 650 nascidos vivos, mesmo índice de Salvador, que apresenta cerca de 65 novos casos diagnosticados a cada ano...

Seasonal variation of major elements (Ca, Mg) and trace metals (Fe, Cu, Zn, Mn) and cultured mussel Perna viridis L. and seawater in the Dona Paula Bay, Goa

Digital Repository Service at National Institute of Oceanography (India)

Rivonker, C.U.; Parulekar, A.H.

The major elements and trace metals were analysed from nussel tissue and the seawater taken from three depths (0, 5 and 9 meters) from the culture site. Range of variation in Ca, Mg, Fe, Cu, Zn and Mn were 226-399; 708-1329; 0.005-0.084; BDL-0...

SIMPLIFIED LAPAROSCOPIC GASTRIC BYPASS WITH GASTROJEJUNAL LINEAR MECHANICAL ANASTOMOSIS: TECHNICAL ASPECTS.

Science.gov (United States)

Palermo, Mariano; Serra, Edgardo

ástrica. O bypass gastrointestinal serve como o elemento malabsortivo. Descrever uma abordagem de bypass gástrico simplificado para pacientes obesos mórbidos, mostrando os resultados, e também destacando a importância desta técnica para reduzir a curva de aprendizagem. O paciente é posicionado em posição de pernas abertas e cuidadosamente amarrado à mesa da sala de operação com o cirurgião entre as pernas. Cinco trocárteres são inseridos após pneumoperitônio no umbigo. Dissecção do ângulo esofagogástrico e curvatura menor é obrigatória antes da realização da bolsa gástrica. Esta bolsa é feita com dois grampeadores de carga azuis. Usando um grampeador carga linear azul inserido apenas a meio caminho para dentro do orifício na bolsa é executada a anastomose gastrojejunal a fim de criar anastomose de cerca de 2 cm de comprimento. Jejunojejunostomia laretolateral é feita com um grampeador carga linear branca. A última etapa do bypass gástrico consiste no corte do jejuno entre as duas anastomoses com um grampeador carga linear branco. Teste de azul é realizado de modo a detectar vazamentos. De janeiro de 2012 a dezembro de 2015, foram realizadas 415 RYGB simplificadas. Gênero: 67% homens e 33% mulheres. A média do IMC foi de 44,7 e a de idade 42 anos. A média de tempo operatório foi de 79 min. 39% desta amostra tinha diabete melito tipo 2. Quanto às complicações foram observadas uma fístula, uma estenose gastrojejunal e uma obstrução devido à bezoar. A técnica descrita é uma abordagem simplificada, na qual todas as anastomoses são realizadas na parte superior do abdome, permitindo aos cirurgiões serem mais sistematizados e evitando cometerem erros na confecção da anastomose em Y-de-Roux. Este bypass gástrico simplificado é técnica segura e reprodutível.

Assessing the presence of marine toxins in bivalve molluscs from southwest India.

Science.gov (United States)

Turner, Andrew D; Dhanji-Rapkova, Monika; Rowland-Pilgrim, Stephanie; Turner, Lucy M; Rai, Ashwin; Venugopal, Moleyur N; Karunasagar, Indrani; Godhe, Anna

2017-12-15

The south west coast of India has been showing a steady increase in shellfish cultivation both for local consumption and fishery export, over recent years. Perna viridis and Crassostrea madrasensis are two species of bivalve molluscs which grow in some selected regions of southern Karnataka, close to the city of Mangalore. In the early 1980s, shellfish consumers in the region were affected by intoxication from Paralytic Shellfish Poison present in local bivalves (clams and oysters) resulting in hospitalisation of many, including one fatality. Since then, there have been no further reports of serious shellfish intoxication and there is little awareness of the risks from natural toxins and no routine monitoring programme in place to protect shellfish consumers. This study presents the findings from the first ever systematic assessment of the presence of marine toxins in mussels and oysters grown in four different shellfish harvesting areas in the region. Shellfish were collected and subjected to analysis for ASP, PSP and lipophilic toxins, as well as a suite of non-EU regulated toxins such as tetrodotoxin and selected cyclic imines. Results revealed the presence of low levels of PSP toxins in oysters throughout the study period. Overall, total toxicities reached a maximum of 10% of the EU regulatory limit of 800 μg STX eq/kg. Toxin profiles were similar to those reported from the 1980 outbreak. No evidence was found for significant levels of ASP and lipophilic toxins, although some cyclic imines were detected, including gymnodimine. The results indicated that the risk to shellfish consumers during this specific study period would have been low. However, with historical evidence for extremely high levels of PSP toxins in molluscs, there is a strong need for routine surveillance of shellfish production areas for marine toxins, in order to mitigate against human health impacts resulting from unexpected harmful algal blooms, with potentially devastating socio

Avaliação isocinética em atletas da seleção brasileira de futebol de 5

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Luis Felipe Castelli Correia de Campos

2015-06-01

Full Text Available INTRODUÇÃO: A força muscular (FM dos membros inferiores é um dos principais componentes exigidos para as ações específicas durante a prática do futebol de 5 e, quando apresentam níveis insuficientes, desequilíbrios bilaterais elevados ou acentuada diferença na razão agonista/antagonista (RAA são fatores que contribuem para o desenvolvimento de lesões musculoesqueléticas. OBJETIVO: A proposta deste estudo foi avaliar os níveis de torque máximo, a diferença bilateral na produção de força e a razão convencional das musculaturas flexoras e extensoras do joelho em diferentes velocidades de execução. MÉTODOS: Participaram do estudo 11 atletas deficientes visuais. Os atletas foram submetidos à avaliação antropométrica para determinação da composição corporal e submetidos à avaliação com dinamômetro isocinético para a mensuração dos níveis de desequilíbrio muscular e razão convencional. RESULTADOS: Nos movimentos concêntricos da musculatura flexora foram observadas diferenças significativas no pico de torque (PT entre os membros dominante (MD e não dominante (MND na velocidade de 60°.s-1 e 180°.s-1, no pico de torque normalizado (PTN a 60°.s-1 e na velocidade de 180°.s-1 para os músculos extensores. Na RAA, observou-se diferença significativa entre MD e MND, e níveis aceitáveis de RAA em ambas as pernas, de acordo com o proposto para o futebol convencional. CONCLUSÃO: Espera-se que os resultados do presente estudo possam contribuir para os processos de prevenção, treinamento e reabilitação de atleta de futebol de 5, como também, servirem como parâmetros para futuros estudos.

Síndrome do aprisionamento da artéria poplítea: relato de caso Popliteal artery entrapment syndrome: case report

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Marcelo Bettega

2011-12-01

Full Text Available A síndrome do aprisionamento da artéria poplítea caracteriza-se pela compressão desta artéria sendo a principal causa de claudicação intermitente em jovens. Homem, 18 anos, branco, apresentava parestesia, frialdade e palidez do pé direito, iniciada 24 horas após exercício físico. Em membro inferior direito, ausência de pulsos tibial posterior e dorsal do pé. À flexão dorsal e flexão plantar forçadas, houve diminuição dos pulsos tibial posterior e dorsal do pé à esquerda. Tratado cirurgicamente, o paciente apresentou pulso em ambas as artérias. A síndrome é mais frequente em homens e a prevalência varia entre 0,16 e 3,5%. O aprisionamento da artéria poplítea tipo III é mais comum. A falta de tratamento pode levar à embolia, trombose e aneurismas pós-estenóticos. Esta síndrome deve ser lembrada como causa de dor na perna, especialmente em homens jovens e de prática esportiva intensa.Popliteal artery entrapment syndrome is the compression of the popliteal artery and is the main cause of intermittent claudication in young patients. An 18-year-old man was admitted at our service complaining of right foot paresthesia, coldness, and pallor that appeared 24 hours after physical activity. Posterior tibial and dorsal artery of foot pulses were not present in right lower limb. Diminished posterior tibial and dorsal artery of the foot pulses were found in left lower limb at dorsal flexion and forced plantar flexion. After surgery, both pulses were present. This syndrome is more frequent in men and its prevalence varies between 0.16 and 3.5%. Popliteal artery entrapment type III is most common. Non-treated entrapment can lead to embolism, thrombosis and post-stenotic aneurysms. The syndrome must be considered as a cause of lower limb pain specially in young men with intense sport practice history.

Association between muscle mass and adipo-metabolic profile: a cross-sectional study in older subjects

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Perna S

2015-02-01

Full Text Available Simone Perna,1,* Davide Guido,2,* Mario Grassi,2 Mariangela Rondanelli1 1Department of Public Health, Experimental and Forensic Medicine, School of Medicine, Endocrinology and Nutrition Unit, University of Pavia, Azienda di Servizi alla Persona di Pavia, Pavia, Italy; 2Medical and Genomic Statistics Unit, Department of Brain and Behavioral Sciences, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy *These authors contributed equally to this work Background: Sarcopenia, the decrease in muscle mass and function, may lead to various negative health outcomes in elderly. The association among sarcopenia with adiposity and metabolic markers has rarely been studied in the elderly population, with controversial results. The aim of this study is to evaluate this relationship in older subjects.Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in 290 elderly patients, focusing on the possible association between muscle mass loss, assessed by relative skeletal muscle mass (RSMM, and an adipo-metabolic profile (AMP defined by adiposity and metabolic biochemical markers. Measurements of body composition were assessed by dual energy X-ray absorptiometry. Biochemical parameters, such as albumin, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, total cholesterol, triglycerides, C-reactive protein, and homocysteine and its related markers (folate and vitamin B12 were measured. Using canonical correlation analysis and structural equation modeling, an individual score of AMP was created and correlated with RSMM.Results: The AMP–RSMM correlation was equal to +0.642 (95% confidence interval, +0.512 to +0.773; P<0.001. Hence, a negative association between sarcopenia severity and adiposity/metabolic biochemical markers was highlighted.Conclusion: This study contained a novel way to examine the relationship between the variables of interest based on a composite index of adiposity and metabolic conditions. Results shed light on the orientation and magnitude of

Assessment of a mussel as a metal bioindicator of coastal contamination: Relationships between metal bioaccumulation and multiple biomarker responses

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Chandurvelan, Rathishri; Marsden, Islay D.; Glover, Chris N.; Gaw, Sally

2015-01-01

This is the first study to use a multiple biomarker approach on the green-lipped mussel, Perna canaliculus to test its feasibility as a bioindicator of coastal metal contamination in New Zealand (NZ). Mussels were collected from six low intertidal sites varying in terms of anthropogenic impacts, within two regions (West Coast and Nelson) of the South Island of NZ. Trace elements, including arsenic (As), cadmium (Cd), copper (Cu), lead (Pb), nickel (Ni), and zinc (Zn), were measured in the gills, digestive gland, foot and mantle, and in the surface sediments from where mussels were collected. Metal levels in the sediment were relatively low and there was only one site (Mapua, Nelson) where a metal (Ni) exceeded the Australian and New Zealand Interim Sediment Quality Guideline values. Metal levels in the digestive gland were generally higher than those from the other tissues. A variety of biomarkers were assessed to ascertain mussel health. Clearance rate, a physiological endpoint, correlated with metal level in the tissues, and along with scope for growth, was reduced in the most contaminated site. Metallothionein-like protein content and catalase activity in the digestive gland, and catalase activity and lipid peroxidation in the gill, were also correlated to metal accumulation. Although there were few regional differences, the sampling sites were clearly distinguishable based on the metal contamination profiles and biomarker responses. P. canaliculus appears to be a useful bioindicator species for coastal habitats subject to metal contamination. In this study tissue and whole organism responses provided insight into the biological stress responses of mussels to metal contaminants, indicating that such measurements could be a useful addition to biomonitoring programmes in NZ. - Highlights: • Multiple biomarker responses were measured in mussels from 6 sites. • Metal content of mussel tissues correlated with specific biomarker responses. • Clearance rate

Epidermólise bolhosa distrófica recessiva mitis: relato de caso clínico Recessive dystrophic epidermolysis bullosa mitis: case report

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Thaiz Gava Rigoni Gürtler

2005-10-01

Full Text Available As epidermólises bolhosas são dermatoses bolhosas congênitas que levam à formação de bolhas espontaneamente ou após trauma. São reconhecidos três grupos de da doença, de acordo com o segundo consenso internacional: simples, juncional e distrófica. Nas formas distróficas, o defeito genético deve-se à mutação no gene COL7A1, responsável pela codificação do colágeno VII, principal constituinte das fibrilas de ancoragem, que participam na aderência da lâmina densa à derme. Os autores relatam o caso de paciente do sexo feminino, de 15 anos, apresentando ulcerações nas pernas, bolhas serosas e lesões atrófico-acastanhadas nos braços e tronco. Foram observadas distrofias ungueais e alterações dentárias, iniciadas a partir do nascimento. O exame histopatológico da bolha revelou quadro compatével com epidermólise bolhosa, que, associado aos dados clínicos, permitiram a classificação do caso na forma distrófica recessiva mitis.Epidermolysis bullosa are congenital bullous dermatoses that lead to spontaneous or post-traumatic formation of blisters. There are three recognized disease groups, according to the second international consensus: simplex, junctional and dystrophic. The genetic defect of the dystrophic forms is due to a mutation in the COL7A1 gene, which is responsible for codifying collagen VII, the main representative of anchoring fibrils, which participate in the adherence of the "lamina densa" to the dermis. The authors describe a case of a 15 year-old female patient who presented ulcers on her legs, serous blisters and atrophic scars on her arms and body. Dystrophic ungual and dental abnormalities had also been observed since her birth. Blister histopathological examination was compatible with epidermolysis bullosa, which, in association with clinical data, allowed the classification of recessive distrophic epidermolysis bullosa.

Assessment of a mussel as a metal bioindicator of coastal contamination: Relationships between metal bioaccumulation and multiple biomarker responses

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Chandurvelan, Rathishri, E-mail: rch118@uclive.ac.nz [School of Biological Sciences, University of Canterbury, Private Bag 4800, Christchurch 8140 (New Zealand); Marsden, Islay D., E-mail: islay.marsden@canterbury.ac.nz [School of Biological Sciences, University of Canterbury, Private Bag 4800, Christchurch 8140 (New Zealand); Glover, Chris N., E-mail: chris.glover@canterbury.ac.nz [School of Biological Sciences, University of Canterbury, Private Bag 4800, Christchurch 8140 (New Zealand); Gaw, Sally, E-mail: sally.gaw@canterbury.ac.nz [Department of Chemistry, University of Canterbury, Private Bag 4800, Christchurch 8140 (New Zealand)

2015-04-01

This is the first study to use a multiple biomarker approach on the green-lipped mussel, Perna canaliculus to test its feasibility as a bioindicator of coastal metal contamination in New Zealand (NZ). Mussels were collected from six low intertidal sites varying in terms of anthropogenic impacts, within two regions (West Coast and Nelson) of the South Island of NZ. Trace elements, including arsenic (As), cadmium (Cd), copper (Cu), lead (Pb), nickel (Ni), and zinc (Zn), were measured in the gills, digestive gland, foot and mantle, and in the surface sediments from where mussels were collected. Metal levels in the sediment were relatively low and there was only one site (Mapua, Nelson) where a metal (Ni) exceeded the Australian and New Zealand Interim Sediment Quality Guideline values. Metal levels in the digestive gland were generally higher than those from the other tissues. A variety of biomarkers were assessed to ascertain mussel health. Clearance rate, a physiological endpoint, correlated with metal level in the tissues, and along with scope for growth, was reduced in the most contaminated site. Metallothionein-like protein content and catalase activity in the digestive gland, and catalase activity and lipid peroxidation in the gill, were also correlated to metal accumulation. Although there were few regional differences, the sampling sites were clearly distinguishable based on the metal contamination profiles and biomarker responses. P. canaliculus appears to be a useful bioindicator species for coastal habitats subject to metal contamination. In this study tissue and whole organism responses provided insight into the biological stress responses of mussels to metal contaminants, indicating that such measurements could be a useful addition to biomonitoring programmes in NZ. - Highlights: • Multiple biomarker responses were measured in mussels from 6 sites. • Metal content of mussel tissues correlated with specific biomarker responses. • Clearance rate

Paniculite pancreática como a primeira manifestação de doença visceral: relato de caso Pancreatic panniculitis as the first manifestation of visceral disease: case report

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Fernanda Homem de Mello de Souza

2011-08-01

Full Text Available A paniculite pancreática, condição patológica rara, acomete 2-3% dos pacientes com doença do pâncreas. Em 40% dos casos, precede manifestações de doença pancreática. Relata-se caso de paciente feminina, 71 anos, surgimento há 1 mês de nódulos eritematosos nas pernas que evoluíram para ulceração e saída de conteúdo amarelado. Sem sintomas abdominais. A biópsia revelou macrófagos vacuolizados e necrose gordurosa representada por áreas anfofílicas, de material amorfo. Exame laboratorial e TAC demonstraram pancreatite crônica. Presume-se que a liberação de enzimas pancreáticas, tais como a tripsina, pode aumentar a permeabilidade da microcirculação e, então, a lípase e a amilase causariam a necrose de gordura subcutânea observada nas lesões. Na histologia, observam-se "células fantasmas" e paniculite septal de início e posteriormente lobular. O tratamento direciona-se a resolução da doença basePancreatic panniculitis is a rare pathological condition affecting 2-3% of patients with pancreatic disease. In 40% of cases the condition precedes manifestations of pancreatic disease. We report the case of a 71-year-old female who presented with an erythematous tender node which had appeared one month previously, progressing to ulceration and yellowish exudation. No abdominal symptoms. Biopsy revealed fat necrosis and vacuolated macrophages represented by amorphous amphophilic areas. Laboratory examination and CT scan revealed chronic pancreatitis. It is assumed that release of pancreatic enzymes such as trypsin may enhance the permeability of the microcirculation leading to lipase and amylase causing the subcutaneous fat necrosis observed in the lesions. Histology showed "ghost cells" and, firstly, septal panniculitis, followed later by lobular panniculitis. Treatment focused on resolution of the underlying pancreatic disease

Estudo eletrofisiológico do nervo cutâneo dorsal lateral: aplicabilidade técnica e valores de referência

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DIAS RAFAEL JOSÉ SOARES

2000-01-01

Full Text Available O estudo da condução neural dos segmentos mais distais dos nervos mais longos pode ser capaz de reconhecer mais precocemente as alterações oriundas da maioria das polineuropatias. O objetivo deste estudo, foi verificar a aplicabilidade técnica do exame de condução ortodrômica do ramo cutâneo dorsal do nervo sural (nervo cutâneo dorsal lateral em pessoas saudáveis, padronizar os valores normais para serem utilizados como referência e comparar seus valores com os do nervo sural na perna. Quarenta e cinco pessoas com idade média de 41,56 anos (19-75 foram avaliadas, com registro de potenciais de ação de nervo sensitivo nos noventa pés. O eletrodo de captação foi colocado inferior e posteriormente ao maléolo lateral e a estimulação realizada 10 cm distalmente na face dorso-lateral dos pés. O valor médio para a velocidade de condução do nervo sural cutâneo dorsal encontrado foi 47,35 ± 4,8 m/s e para a amplitude, 4,19 ± 1,9 miV. A velocidade de condução do segmento distal foi 14% inferior à do proximal. A amplitude média dos potenciais de ação sensitivos do segmento distal foi 73% aquém daquela obtida no segmento proximal. Os resultados confirmam a possibilidade técnica de se estudar o ramo cutâneo dorsal do nervo sural e sugerem que o limite mínimo de normalidade para sua velocidade de condução, após correção para a temperatura de 34ºC, seja 38 m/s. Diferenças na amplitude e velocidade de condução devem ser consideradas entre grupos etários.

EFEITO DO TREINO NEUROMUSCULAR NA ROTAÇÃO DO JOELHO DURANTE A ATERRISSAGEM EM MULHERES

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Narayana Vianna Spanó

2016-04-01

Full Text Available Introdução: O grande índice de lesões do ligamento cruzado anterior sem envolver contato em mulheres é motivo de curiosidade entre os cientistas, pois avaliações de aterrissagem podem sugerir a predisposição ao risco dessa lesão. Neste sentido, vários protocolos de treinamento foram utilizados como intervenção e obtiveram resultados diversificados na alteração desse fator de risco. Objetivo: O objetivo deste projeto foi avaliar as possíveis alterações de rotação do joelho na aterrissagem unipodal após a intervenção de um programa de treinamento neuromuscular. Métodos: Participaram do estudo 18 mulheres com idade entre 18 e 51 anos, que foram distribuídas em dois grupos: grupo de treinamento neuromuscular de oito semanas (GTN (n = 11 e grupo controle (GC (n = 7. Além disso, não apresentavam lesão musculoesquelética ou dores nos membros inferiores. Cada participante realizou cinco aterrissagens unipodais válidas de uma plataforma de 40 cm de altura. O processo de captura de movimento foi realizado com 12 câmeras infravermelho do sistema OptiTrack(tm para obter as coordenadas tridimensionais de marcadores fixados nos pontos anatômicos de interesse. Os sistemas de coordenadas locais da coxa e da perna foram definidos por meio dos respectivos marcadores fixados nos pontos anatômicos. Dessa forma, foram calculados os ângulos de rotação do joelho nos planos sagital, frontal e transverso através das sequências dos ângulos de Euler e as velocidades angulares através das formulações dos quatérnions. Resultados: Os resultados mostraram que houve um aumento na velocidade de rotação do joelho após o treinamento neuromuscular. Conclusão: Conclui-se que o treinamento neuromuscular resultou em maior velocidade de rotação no joelho nos 40 milissegundos que sucedem a aterrissagem unipodal.

Trisegmentectomia hepática direita por videolaparoscopia

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Marcel Autran C. Machado

Full Text Available INTRODUÇÃO: Em 2007 os autores descreveram a primeira hepatectomia direita por videolaparoscopia realizada no Brasil. Hepatectomia direita ampliada, também conhecida como trisegmentectomia direita, é procedimento altamente complexo e implica em grande retirada do volume hepático. Os autores descrevem a primeira trisegmentectomia direita por videolaparoscopia realizada no Brasil. TÉCNICA: O paciente é colocado em posição supina em decúbito lateral esquerdo. O cirurgião se coloca entre as pernas da paciente. Utilizamos cinco trocartes, três de 12 mm e dois de 5 mm. Devido à embolização prévia da veia porta direita, o hilo hepático não é dissecado. O pedículo portal direito é seccionado com grampeador laparoscópico de carga vascular por meio de acesso intra-hepático, segundo técnica previamente descrita pelos autores. A seguir procede-se a mobilização do fígado direito seguido de dissecção da veia cava retro-hepática e secção da veia hepática direita. Estes passos são realizados sem manobra de Pringle. O fígado é seccionado com combinação de bisturi harmônico e grampeador endoscópico. O pedículo do segmento 4 é seccionado dentro do fígado. O espécime é retirado por meio de incisão supra-púbica e a área cruenta é revista para verificar hemostasia. O procedimento é encerrado e dreno de sistema fechado é posicionado junto à área cruenta. CONCLUSÃO: Trisegmentectomia hepática direita por videolaparoscopia é procedimento factível e seguro e deve ser considerado para pacientes selecionados. Este procedimento deve ser realizado em centros especializados e por cirurgiões com experiência tanto em cirurgia hepática como cirurgia laparoscópica avançada.

Identificación de genes implicados en la eliminación de biotoxinas en el mejillón Mytilus galloprovincialis Lmk.: clonación y expresión de los cDNA que codifican para tres proteínas transportadoras ABC pertenecientes a las subfamilias C (proteínas MRP) y G.

OpenAIRE

Lozano Paredes, Vanesa

2013-01-01

Los mejillones del género Mytilus viven en hábitats fluctuantes en los que su capacidad para adaptarse a los cambios del entorno es esencial para su supervivencia. Como organismos filtradores se alimentan sobre todo de fitoplancton y también de la materia orgánica en suspensión. En ocasiones el fitoplancton contiene especies tóxicas para el hombre o que producen efectos nocivos en los bivalvos. Una vez que las toxinas son ingeridas por los bivalvos pueden acumularse, transformarse y eliminars...

Evaluación de metales redox-sensitivos como proxies de paleoxigenación en un ambiente marino hipóxico del norte de Chile Redox-sensitive metals evaluation as proxis of paleoxygenation in a hypoxic marine environment of northern Chile

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JORGE VALDÉS

2004-03-01

Full Text Available Se analizó la distribución de molibdeno, cadmio, zinc, vanadio y níquel, todos metales redox-sensitivos, bajo una perspectiva espacial (sedimento superficial y temporal (testigos de sedimento, con el propósito de determinar su potencial como indicadores de paleoxigenación en la bahía Mejillones del Sur, un ambiente hipóxico del norte de Chile. El aporte litogénico (de acuerdo a aluminio fue descartado. Además, el flujo biogénico no es el único factor que controla la preservación de metales en esta bahía. La variación espacial en la concentración de metales fue investigada en relación con la oxigenación de las aguas de fondo. Los resultados mostraron que solo el Ni y el Cd presentan una correlación significativa con el oxígeno disuelto, aumentando sus concentraciones hacia el sector más profundo de la bahía, en donde prevalecen condiciones de mínimo oxígeno, con valores cercanos a 0,02 mL L-1. La variación temporal en la concentración de metales redox-sensitivos, registrada en tres testigos de sedimento que cubren los pasados 2.000 años, mostró que, en general, la oxigenación de fondo de la bahía ha cambiado desde un ambiente más oxigenado en el pasado, hacia un ambiente menos oxigenado en el presente. Se propone que el flujo biogénico a través de una oxiclina bien desarrollada, asociado a una condición anóxica de la interfase agua-sedimento son los principales factores que permiten explicar la concentración de metales que se preserva en los sedimentos marinos de Mejillones durante condiciones no-El Niño/La Niña. Cuando El Niño está presente en la bahía, se profundiza la oxiclina, aumentando el nivel de oxigenación de las aguas subsuperficiales al interior de la bahía, lo que provoca que la precipitación de metales hacia los sedimentos disminuya, favoreciendo, a su vez, la liberación de metales desde la interfase agua-sedimento. Basado en esto, se plantea que las diferencias en la concentración de

Crescimento alométrico de osso, músculo e gordura em cortes da carcaça de cordeiros Texel segundo os métodos de alimentação e peso de abate Muscle, fat and bone allometric growth in Texel lambs carcasses cuts in relation to the feeding methods and slaughter weight

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Gilberto Teixeira da Rosa

2005-08-01

Full Text Available O experimento teve como objetivo estudar o crescimento alométrico dos diferentes tecidos do pescoço, costela, paleta e perna em relação ao peso do corte de cordeiros e cordeiras. Foram utilizados 22 machos inteiros e 23 fêmeas da raça Texel. Desses, sete foram abatidos no início do experimento e os demais, aos pesos de 25 ou 33kg. As ovelhas mais cordeiros foram distribuídos em três métodos de alimentação: M1 -Silagem de milho e concentrado, apenas aos cordeiros até o desmame, aos 60 dias; M2 - Silagem de milho e concentrado, apenas aos cordeiros até o desmame, aos 45 dias e M3 - Silagem de milho e concentrado para ovelha mais cordeiro até o desmame com 60 dias. Após o desmame, os cordeiros receberam silagem mais concentrado. Foi utilizado um delineamento inteiramente casualizado em arranjo fatorial 3 x 2 x 2 (3 métodos, 2 sexos e 2 pesos de abate. A determinação do crescimento foi obtida através da equação log y = log.a + b log.x, utilizando-se o logaritmo do peso de osso, músculo e gordura em função do logaritmo do peso do corte. Observou-se que o osso do pescoço e da costela foram precoce (b1 independente de sexo e método de alimentação com coeficientes de alometria variando de 1,78 a 2,15 (pescoço e 1,51 a 1,65 (costela. Na paleta, o osso foi precoce em ambos os sexos, com coeficientes de alometria variando de 0,76 a 0,79 e 0,54 a 0,58 respectivamente para machos e fêmeas. O músculo apresentou crescimento isométrico (b=1, independente de sexo e peso de abate. A gordura foi tardia (b>1 independente de peso de abate e sexo, com coeficientes de alometria variando de 1,80 a 2,12. Na perna o osso apresentou crescimento precoce nas fêmeas e isométricas nos machos, com coeficientes de alometria variando de 0,57 a 0,63 e 0,78 a 0,80 respectivamente para ambos os sexos O músculo apresentou crescimento isométrico (b=1, independente de sexo e peso de abate. A gordura foi tardia (b>1 independente de peso de abate e

Recording of ocean-climate changes during the last 2,000 years in a hypoxic marine environment off northern Chile (23°S Registro de cambios océano-climáticos durante los últimos 2000 años en un ambiente marino hipóxico en el norte de Chile (23°S

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LUC ORTLIEB

2000-06-01

Full Text Available Atmosphere-ocean interactions are particularly strong along the Chile-Peru coast and largely account for the extreme aridity of the Atacama Desert. Near the center of the driest part of this coastal desert, we found that the embayment Bahía Mejillones constitutes an unusually favorable setting for the formation and subsequent preservation of a sedimentary record of the successive oceanographic conditions of the last few thousand years. This work deals with relative abundance of various bio-indicators, including fish scales, foraminifers and phytoplankton, with a centimetre-scale resolution, in several gravity cores taken from 80 to 120 m depth, in a low-oxygen environment. We use this information to document ocean-climate changes at decadal to centennial time scales in the region. Radiocarbon dating on the bulk organic-rich sediment provides the chronological framework for the observed paleoceanographic changes. We interpret that an episode of relatively warmer water, with a stratified water column and enhanced anoxic ( 0.3 ml l-1 O2 conditions at the bottom of the water column, may correspond to the Little Ice Age (16th to mid-19th centuries. During the first millennium of our era, two thin sedimentary layers which present similarities with the bed assigned to the warm episode are interpreted as possible remnants of very strong, or " mega " El Niño events. The study confirms that Bahía Mejillones sediments did record ocean-climate changes with a very high time-resolution, and thus deserve a closer attention to investigate the ocean-atmosphere interactions over the last few thousand yearsLas interacciones océano-atmósfera son particularmente fuertes a lo largo de la costa de Chile y Perú y explican en gran parte la extrema aridez del desierto de Atacama. Cerca del sector más seco del desierto costero, hemos encontrado que la bahía semi-cerrada de Bahía Mejillones constituye un sitio particularmente favorable para la formación y

Origem e distribuição anatômica do nervo isquiático de mão-pelada (Procyon cancrivorus

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Kleber F Pereira

2011-12-01

Full Text Available O nervo isquiático é considerado o maior nervo do corpo, pertence tanto ao plexo sacral quanto ao lombossacral em carnívoros, continuando até a extremidade distal do membro pélvico, recebe fiibras dos ramos ventrais do sexto e sétimo nervos lombares e do primeiro nervo sacral. O objetivo do presente estudo é descrever a distribuição do nervo isquiático em mão-pelada (Procyon cancrivorus e comparar com dados literários de animais domésticos e silvestres. Os animais são procedentes de coleta em rodovias, entre as cidades de Goiânia e Jataí, principalmente na BR 364 ou BR 060. (mortos por acidente e fiixados em solução aquosa, a 10% de formaldeído. Doados ao Museu de Anatomia Humana e Comparada da UFG (Universidade Federal de Goiás, Campus de Jataí, Proc.CAJ-287/2008. As dissecações e documentação fotográfiica permitiram observar a distribuição do nervo isquiático. O nervo isquiático de mão-pelada inerva o membro pélvico passando entre os músculos glúteo médio e profundo, emitindo ramos para a musculatura da região glútea e da coxa, respectivamente, para os músculos glúteo médio, glúteo bíceps, semimembranáceo, semitendíneo, bíceps femoral, gêmeos, quadrado femoral e adutor magno, emitindo nervo cutâneo lateral e caudal da sura para suprir a pele na superfiície lateral e caudal da perna, respectivamente. Próximo ao meio da coxa bifurca-se em nervo tibial e nervo fiibular comum. O conhecimento anatômico da origem e distribuição do nervo is quiático em mão pelada quando comparado com animais domésticos, silvestres e de fazenda, mostram um padrão de inervação semelhante entre os espécimes.

"It's been a long journey": Exploring educationally mobile students' transition into STEM majors at a university

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Arreygue, Aimee

Today, one third of all college students are considered educationally "mobile," which means they will change institutions during their undergraduate careers. The concept of educational mobility challenges the traditional idea of students moving through an educational pipeline in a linear fashion, and recognizes that many of today's students, including those in STEM fields (Science, Technology, Engineering, Mathematics), will have multiple transition points. The purpose of this qualitative study was to examine the transitional experiences of educationally mobile students moving into and through the STEM disciplines at a public university. Students who move from one educational environment to another undergo a significant transition process, and understanding this process for individual students and the institution's role in supporting transition has implications for educational policy. Grounded in the conceptual framework guided by Schlossberg's Transition Theory, and Swail, Redd, and Perna's Geometric Model for Student Persistence and Achievement, this study explores the following research question: How do students who are educationally mobile experience academic, social, and institutional support while transitioning into and through STEM disciplines at a four-year public university? Eighteen science and mathematics majors participated in this study, all of whom attended at least one institution of higher education prior to their current attendance at Mountain View University, a four-year comprehensive Hispanic Serving Institution (HSI) in Southern California. Participants were interviewed utilizing a semi-structured interview protocol and completed a demographic questionnaire as well. Trustworthiness measures included member checking and peer debriefing. The findings of this study show that educationally mobile students are savvy agents of their education, and make personal and professional sacrifices in their pursuit of a STEM degree. They want to connect to like

Crescimento alométrico dos tecidos ósseo, muscular e adiposo na carcaça de cordeiros Santa Inês e Bergamácia Allometric growth of bone, muscular and fat tissues in carcass of Santa Ines and Bergamacia lambs

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Cristiane Leal dos Santos

2001-04-01

Full Text Available O trabalho foi realizado com objetivo de realizar um estudo alométrico dos tecidos ósseo, muscular e adiposo na meia carcaça esquerda de cordeiros em crescimento. Foram utilizados 36 cordeiros machos inteiros, sendo 24 Santa Inês e 12 Bergamácia. Os animais foram confinados em gaiolas individuais e alimentados ad libitum. O abate ocorreu quando os animais atingiram os pesos vivos de 15, 25, 35 e 45 kg. Após a carcaça ter sido limpa e resfriada, foram obtidos os cortes comerciais a partir da meia carcaça esquerda. A quantidade dos diferentes tecidos foi obtida a partir da dissecação da perna, do lombo, da costeleta, costela/fralda e paleta. A quantidade total dos tecidos ósseo, muscular e adiposo foi obtida pela adição das quantidades de cada corte comercial. O estudo do desenvolvimento relativo da composição tecidual foi feito por meio do modelo de HUXLEY (1932. Constatou-se crescimento heterogônico negativo (b 1 para a gordura, em relação ao peso da ½ carcaça.The work was conducted with the objective to study the allometric growth of the bone, muscular and fat tissues in the left side of growing lamb carcasses. Thirty-six, twenty-four Santa Ines and twelve Bergamacia lambs were used. The animals were kept in individual pens and fed ad libitum diets. The slaughtering was done when the animals reached the live weight of 15, 25, 35 and 45 kg. The amount of the different tissues was obtained through the dissection of the left half of the carcass. The amount of the different tissues was obtained through the dissection of the leg, longissimus muscle, rib, breast and shoulder. The total amount of bone, muscle and fat tissues were obtained by the sum of each amount of commercial cut. The study of the relative tissue composition development was carried out using the model developed by HUXLEY (1932. A negative heterogonic (b 1 for the fat tissue in relation to the half side of the carcass was observed.

African American women in STEM: Uncovering stories of persistence and resilience through an examination of social and cultural capital

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Ferguson, Danielle Stevens

The purpose of this study was to identify and describe the key factors that successful African American women said influenced their persistence and resilience in the science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) field at two key time periods; before beginning post-secondary education and during post-secondary education. Many researchers have expressed concern about missing out on the creativity and innovation of African American women that could be used to enhance or lead to scientific discoveries (Hanson, 2004; Ong et al., 2011; Perna et al., 2008). While there has been a fair amount of research on the lack of representation of African American women in the STEM field, it is very limited in its breathe and depth. Very few of these studies include the "voice" of African American women and most of the studies rely heavily on quantitative data. Therefore in this study, I used a qualitative, case study approach to interpret the stories of eight African American women currently working in a variety of STEM fields to understand how each of the factors that they said aided in their persistence and resilience related to the concepts of social and cultural capital. Furthermore, this study investigated the role cultural brokers played in their lives and the strategies these women used to create resilience. Narratives for each woman were created to provide insight into their experiences. Before beginning post-secondary education four themes emerged from this study; 1. Two parent households were important, 2. Science experiences outside of school sparked their interest, 3. All of the women participated in extracurricular activities, and 4. Religion was important. Cultural brokers were beneficial for some but not all of the women. During post-secondary education five themes emerged; 1. The majority of the women had a desire to help others, 2. Scholarships played an important role, 3. Parents were supportive, 4. Sexism/racism became evident, and 5. Religion was still

Aprendizagem motora baseada em demonstrações de movimento biológico Motor learning based on biological motion demonstrations

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Sérgio Tosi Rodrigues

2012-12-01

Full Text Available O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar o processo de aprendizagem motora de uma habilidade complexa da Ginástica Artística a partir da observação de demonstrações de modelos de pontos de luz e vídeo. Dezesseis participantes divididas em grupos dos respectivos modelos executaram um pré-teste, seguido de 100 tentativas de uma parada de mãos, igualmente distribuídas em blocos de 10 tentativas em dois dias, alternando períodos de demonstração e prática, com um teste de retenção após um dia. Cinemática de braço, tronco e perna das participantes possibilitaram análise da semelhança entre a coordenação de cada participante e do modelo e do tempo de movimento; a performance das participantes também foi avaliada por duas especialistas em Ginástica Artística. Ambas as análises indicaram que os grupos não diferiram. Os resultados são discutidos em termos da hipótese de suficiência de informação nos modelos de movimento biológico particularmente aplicada ao processo de aprendizagem de habilidades motoras complexas.The aim of this study was to evaluate the motor learning process of a complex Artistic Gymnastics skill following demonstrations of point-light and video models. Sixteen participants divided into the respective model groups performed a pre-test and 100 trials of a handstand, equally distributed in blocks of 10 trials in two days, alternating periods of demonstration and practice, with retention test a day later. Participants' kinematics of arm, trunk, and leg was used to analyze the coordination similarities between each participant and the model and movement time; participants' performance was also evaluated by two Artistic Gymnastics experts. Both analyses revealed that the groups did not differ. Results are discussed in terms of the hypothesis of information sufficiency in biological motion models particularly applied to the learning process of complex motor skills.

Dores lombossacrais: efeitos da auto-estimulação sensorial cutânea = Low-back-pain: effects of self sensorial cutaneous stimulation

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Fernandes, Ivan Dávila

2010-01-01

Full Text Available Objetivo: O presente estudo testou a eficácia de um método de auto-estimulação sensorial cutânea (AESC com a utilização de um instrumento composto de uma esponja vegetal acoplada com alças, em pacientes em tratamento fisioterapêutico para dores lombossacrais. Materiais e Métodos: 21 mulheres foram divididas, por sorteio, em 2 grupos. O controle foi submetido a dez minutos de termoterapia por calor superficial e dez minutos de massoterapia na região lombossacral. O grupo experimental recebeu metade do tempo de massoterapia e foi instruído a praticar a AESC. Os instrumentos de avaliação foram: questionário sobre intensidade e frequência da dor, Escala Análogovisual de dor e dolorímetro para avaliação do limiar de dor em seis pontos gatilho (PG. Resultados: Os resultados obtidos não foram estatisticamente significativos em todos os instrumentos para o grupo controle. No entanto, demonstraram diferenças estatisticamente significativas no pós-teste, para o grupo experimental, em: intensidade e frequência da dor nas regiões lombar (p=0,018, p=0,011, glútea (p=0,012, p=0,040, glúteos e pernas (p=0,007, p=0,011; Escala de Dor (p=0,032; PG1 (p=0,032, PG2 (p=0,050, PG3 (p=0,021, PG4 (p=0,044, PG5 (p=0,005 e PG6 (p=0,021. Na análise intergrupos houve redução da intensidade (p=0,043 e frequência (p=0,029 da dor na região glútea. Os dados referentes à aplicação do dolorímetro demonstraram diferenças significativas nos músculos glúteo médio PG5 (p=0,010 e glúteo máximo à direita PG6 (p=0,036 para o grupo experimental. Conclusão: Sugere-se que a AESC possa ser um instrumento eficaz para a diminuição da intensidade e da frequência das dores lombossacrais, em especial na região glútea

Qualidade de vida em adultos com deficiência física Quality of life in adults with physical disability

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Marineia Crosara de Resende

2011-01-01

Full Text Available O objetivo dessa pesquisa foi investigar a qualidade de vida em adultos com deficiência física nos domínios: bem-estar subjetivo, competências comportamentais, qualidade de vida percebida e condições ambientais. Método: Participaram 25 pessoas, idade entre 32-69 anos. Responderam em entrevista aos instrumentos: (a Ficha de Informações sócio-demográficas; (b Ficha de Informações sobre a deficiência física; (c Medida do Grau de Incapacidade; (d Escala de sintomas físicos; (e Medida de bem-estar subjetivo: composto por Escala de Vitalidade, Escala de Afetos Positivos e Escala de Satisfação com a Vida; (f Escala de auto-eficácia física; (g Questionário de Saúde Geral (QSG-12; (h Escala de Percepção de Suporte Social. Resultados: Os participantes apresentam qualidade de vida positiva: relataram bem estar subjetivo, apresentaram senso de auto-eficácia no ponto médio, apresentam saúde mental positiva, com relação aos sintomas físicos, as queixas mais relatadas foram dores nos braços, pernas e articulações, relataram receber suporte social nos aspectos emocional e prático.The aim of this study was to investigate the quality of life in adults with physical disability in the following domains: subjective well-being, behavioral competence, perceived quality of life, and environmental conditions. Method: 25 participants aged between 32 and 69. They answered, in interview, the following instruments: (a Socio-demographic Characteristics; (b Physical Impairment Characteristics; (c Degree of disability; (d Physical Symptom Scale; (e Subjective Well-being Measurement composed by: Vitality Scale, Positive Affect Scale, Life Satisfaction Scale; (f Physical Self Efficacy Scale; (g General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-12; (h Perceived Social Support Scale. Results: The participants presented positive quality of life. They reported subjective well-being, showed self-efficacy in the average point, and presented positive mental health

Remarkable difference in paralytic shellfish poisoning toxin distribution in tissues of pen shell atrina pectinata exposed to toxic red tide bloom

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Narceda, Ronald Jefferson A.; Montojo, Ulysses M.; Cayme, Mirriam F.; Borja, Valeriano M.

2011-01-01

Pen shell atrina pectinata is one of the commercially important bivalves in Western Pacific region. In the Philippines, it is marketed as a whole meat or processed by shellfish harvesters to separate the abductor muscle as an export commodity. During blooms of toxic dinoflagellate pyrodinium bahamense var. compressum (Pbc), A. pectinata accumulates paralytic shellfish poisoning (PSP) toxins sometimes exceeding Philippine regulatory limit of 60μgSTXeq/100g tissue and international regulatory limit of 80μgSTXeq/100g tissue for safe human consumption, based on whole tissue analysis. Toxic blooms directly affect the shellfish industry which includes A. pectinata, and this causes not only significant economical losses on shellfish gatherers but also serious public health concerns. In this study, samples of A. pectinata exposed to toxic bloom of Pbc were collected in Sorsogon Bay, Philippines. Bioaccumulation and distribution of PSP toxins were determined in different tissues namely, abductor muscle, mantle, gills, gonads, siphon, stomach and intestine using High Performance Liquid Chromatography post column derivatization method with fluorescence detection. Likewise, green mussels Perna viridis being the sentinel species for PSP monitoring in the Philippines were also collected in the same area and served as control. Interestingly, results showed that the abductor muscle accumulates minimal level of PSP toxins and is several folds lower than the Philippine and international regulatory limits in contrast with the results obtained from P. viridis. Mantle parts showed toxicity values exceeding local regulatory limit and near to go beyond the international regulatory limit. Conversely, the remaining parts showed high toxicity values surpassing both regulation limits. Standard mouse bioassay regulatory used in PSP monitoring in the Philippines was also performed and revealed that the abductor muscle had non-detectable level of toxins. Also, toxicity values from different

Edema agudo do pulmão pós-extubação traqueal – Caso clínico

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Maria de Lurdes Castro

2009-05-01

Full Text Available Resumo: O edema agudo do pulmão pós-extubação traqueal é um acontecimento raro (≈ 0,1%1. A etiologia é multifactorial, sendo a obstrução da via aérea superior o factor desencadeante principal. O esforço inspiratório contra a glote encerrada causa pressões intratorácicas muito negativas, que se transmitem ao interstício pul-monar, condicionando uma transudação de fluidos a partir dos vasos capilares pulmonares1−5. Relatamos um caso de edema agudo do pulmão pós-extubação num doente de quinze anos, operado no serviço de urgência por amputação traumática da perna esquer-da. Revemos a fisiopatologia, o padrão radiológico, potenciais factores de risco e medidas preventivas des-ta complicação respiratória pós-anestésica.Rev Port Pneumol 2009; XV (3: 537-541 Abstract: Negative pressure pulmonary oedema is an uncommon complication of traqueal extubation (≈ 0,1% mostly caused by acute upper airway obstruction. Upper airway obstruction from glottis closure leads to marked inspiratory effort, which generates negative intrathoracic pressure transmitting to pulmonary interstitium, and inducing fluid transudation from pulmonary capillary bed1−5. We report a case of post-extubation pulmonary oedema in a fifteen years old patient, submitted to surgery following traumatic amputation of his left leg. We review the pathophysiology, radiological findings, potential risk factors and preventive measures of this post-anaesthetic respiratory complication.Rev Port Pneumol 2009; XV (3: 537-541 Palavras-chave: Edema agudo do pulmão pós-extubação traqueal, obstrução da via aérea superior, laringospasmo, pressão negativa intratorácica, Key-words: Post-extubation pulmonary oedema, upper airway obstruction, laryngospasm, intra-thoracic negative pressure

Características das carcaças e componentes do peso vivo de cordeiros terminados em pastagem ou confinamento = Carcass characteristics and live weight components in lambs finished on pasture or feedlot

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Maria Angela Machado Fernandes

2008-01-01

Full Text Available O trabalho objetivou avaliar as características da carcaça e os não-componentes da carcaça de cordeiros em quatro sistemas: cordeiros desmamados aos 60 dias mantidos em pastagem; cordeiros + ovelhas em pastagem; cordeiros + ovelhas em pastagem + concentrado em creep feeding (1% PV; cordeiros desmamados aos 60 dias e confinados. Os cordeiros foram abatidos quando a média de peso vivo do tratamento alcançou entre 32-34 kg. Após o abate, foram coletados e pesados os não-componentes da carcaça. Obtiveram-se pesos, rendimentos emedidas objetivas das carcaças e por cálculos a compacidade de perna e carcaça. A metodologia para determinar o momento de abate promoveu grande variação (7 a 14 kg no peso vivo final entre os animais do mesmo tratamento. Houve correlação significativa (p This experiment had the objective to evaluate the carcass characteristics and the non-carcass components of lambs on four systems: lambs weaned at 60 days of age kept on pasture; lambs + ewes kept on pasture; lambs + ewe + concentrate in creep feeding; lambs weaned at 60 days and kept on feedlot. Lambs were slaughteredwhen mean live weight from the tratament reached 32-34 kg. After slaughter, the noncarcass components were collected and weighed. The weight, yield and carcass measures were obtained, while leg and carcass compacity was calculated. The elected methodology fordetermining slaughter time resulted in large variation (7 to 14 kg in the slaughter weight of lambs from the same treatments. There was a significant (p < 0.05 positive correlation between hot (r = 0.83 and cold (r = 0.85 carcass weights, and slaughtered weight. Lambsweaned and finished on pasture showed lower (p < 0.05 hot carcass dressing (42.3%, cold carcass dressing (40.2%, carcass biological dressing (51.8% and thorax width (22.99 cm and higher (p < 0.05 gastrointestinal content (5.6 kg. The presence of dams had aninfluence in systems were there was no weaning, in regard to carcass

GRAVITATIONAL WAVES FROM MASSIVE MAGNETARS FORMED IN BINARY NEUTRON STAR MERGERS

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Dall' Osso, Simone [Theoretical Astrophysics, University of Tübingen, auf der Morgenstelle 10 D-72076 (Germany); Giacomazzo, Bruno [Physics Department, University of Trento, via Sommarive 14, I-38123 Trento (Italy); Perna, Rosalba [Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794 (United States); Stella, Luigi, E-mail: simone.dallosso@uni-tuebingen.de [INAF-Osservatorio Astronomico di Roma, via di Frascati 33, I-00040 Monteporzio Catone, Roma (Italy)

2015-01-01

Binary neutron star (NS) mergers are among the most promising sources of gravitational waves (GWs), as well as candidate progenitors for short gamma-ray bursts (SGRBs). Depending on the total initial mass of the system and the NS equation of state (EOS), the post-merger phase can be characterized by a prompt collapse to a black hole or by the formation of a supramassive NS, or even a stable NS. In the latter cases of post-merger NS (PMNS) formation, magnetic field amplification during the merger will produce a magnetar and induce a mass quadrupole moment in the newly formed NS. If the timescale for orthogonalization of the magnetic symmetry axis with the spin axis is smaller than the spindown time, the NS will radiate its spin down energy primarily via GWs. Here we study this scenario for the various outcomes of NS formation: we generalize the set of equilibrium states for a twisted torus magnetic configuration to include solutions that, for the same external dipolar field, carry a larger magnetic energy reservoir; we hence compute the magnetic ellipticity for such configurations, and the corresponding strength of the expected GW signal as a function of the relative magnitude of the dipolar and toroidal field components. The relative number of GW detections from PMNSs and from binary NSs is a very strong function of the NS EOS, being higher (∼1%) for the stiffest EOSs and negligibly small for the softest ones. For intermediate-stiffness EOSs, such as the n = 4/7 polytrope recently used by Giacomazzo and Perna or the GM1 used by Lasky et al., the relative fraction is ∼0.3%; correspondingly, we estimate a GW detection rate from stable PMNSs of ∼0.1-1 yr{sup –1} with advanced detectors, and of ∼100-1000 yr{sup –1} with detectors of third generation such as the Einstein Telescope. Measurement of such GW signals would provide constraints on the NS EOS and, in connection with an SGRB, on the nature of the binary progenitors giving rise to these events.

Cargas polínicas de abelhas polinizadoras de Byrsonima chrysophylla Kunth. (Malpighiaceae: fidelidade e fontes alternativas de recursos florais Pollen loads of pollinator bees of Byrsonima chrysophylla Kunth. (Malpighiaceae: fidelity and alternative sources of flower resources

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Éville Karina Maciel Delgado Ribeiro

2008-03-01

Full Text Available Byrsonima chrysophylla, conhecida popularmente como murici pitanga, é uma espécie arbustiva que ocorre em restinga. Dentre seus visitantes, além de abelhas da tribo Centridini, também se encontram com freqüência abelhas Xylocopini. Para verificação das espécies vegetais utilizadas pelas abelhas visitantes mais freqüentes, cargas polínicas de suas pernas posteriores (n = 5, bem como de ninhos naturais de Centris caxiensis (n = 7 foram analisados através de acetólise. Durante toda a floração, Byrsonima chrysophylla foi a principal fonte de pólen utilizada por suas abelhas visitantes. Comolia lythrarioides e Myrcia obtusa foram fontes secundárias de pólen, Mouriri guianensis foi fonte secundária de óleo e pólen, enquanto Anacardium microcarpum, Cuphea tenella, Matayba discolor e Phthirusa pyrifolia mostraram-se importantes fontes de néctar durante esse período, sendo o pólen detectado nas amostras, provavelmente aderido ao corpo das abelhas durante a coleta de néctar. Os resultados demonstram que as abelhas visitantes não misturaram os recursos polínicos durante o vôo para a coleta de pólen, apresentando fidelidade às flores de Byrsonima chrysophylla.Byrsonima chrysophylla, known as "murici pitanga", is a shrubby species occurring in 'restinga'. Among its visitors, bees of the Centridini tribe as well as Xylocopini bees are frequently found. To detect which plant species have been used by the most frequent visitors, pollen loads from the back legs (n = 5 and also from natural nests of Centris caxiensis (n = 7 were treated by acetolysis. During flowering of Byrsonima chrysophylla, this plant species was the main pollen source used by bees. Comolia lythrarioides and Myrcia sylvatica were secondary pollen sources, Mouriri guianensis was a secondary oil and pollen source, while Anacardium microcarpum, Cuphea tenella, Matayba discolor and Phthirusa pyrifolia were important nectar sources at this time. The pollen detected in

Fisioterapia vascular no tratamento da doença venosa crônica

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Flávia de Jesus Leal

2015-09-01

Full Text Available ResumoContextoA aplicação da fisioterapia vascular através dos exercícios terapêuticos e da drenagem linfática manual (DLM na Doença Venosa Crônica (DVC contribui para a minimização das alterações vasculares, com melhora do retorno venoso, diminuindo a estase sanguínea e contribuindo para a melhora do quadro clínico.ObjetivoVerificar a eficácia da fisioterapia vascular no tratamento da DVC.MétodosEstudo-piloto prospectivo longitudinal, que avaliou dez pacientes com DVC, com classificação CEAP (1-5, que responderam aos questionários de qualidade de vida (QV SF-36 e AVVQ, sendo submetidos a pletismografia a água e goniometria dos membros inferiores. Finalizada a avaliação inicial, receberam tratamento fisioterapêutico vascular, com exercícios terapêuticos e DLM, em dez sessões de 60 minutos. Após tratamento, foram novamente avaliadas pela aplicação dos questionários iniciais e realização dos métodos de mensuração volumétrica e de amplitude de movimento articular (ADM.ResultadosPacientes do gênero feminino, com idade média de 43,1 anos. Nas atividades de vida prática (AVPs, a posição predominante foi ortostatismo prolongado. Na classificação CEAP, a maioria das pacientes apresentou C3 e apenas 10% delas eram C2. Nos questionamentos sobre suas principais queixas, relataram sensação de peso e cansaço nos membros, dor nas pernas, prurido e edema. Após as sessões de fisioterapia vascular, todas as pacientes encontravam-se sem queixas. A ADM e a QV apresentaram melhora significativa após intervenção da fisioterapia vascular.ConclusãoA fisioterapia vascular contribui para o controle do quadro clínico da DVC, melhorando edema e ADM, e favorecendo a melhora da QV dos acometidos pela doença.

New species of Temnocephala Blanchard (Platyhelminthes, Temnocephalida ectosymbiont on giant water bugs, Belostoma spp. (Hemiptera, Belostomatidae from southern Brazil Nova espécie do gênero Temnocephala Blanchard (Platyhelminthes, Temnocephalida ectosimbionte sobre baratas d´água, Belostoma spp. (Hemiptera, Belostomatidae da região sul do Brasil

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José F. R. Amato

2005-03-01

Full Text Available A new species of Temnocephala Blanchard, 1849 is described from southern Brazil, ectosymbiont on giant water bugs (aquatic hemipterans, Belostoma spp. from the greater Porto Alegre, State of Rio Grande do Sul. Some hemipterans examined were positive for this species of Temnocephala and carried bunches of eggs between the first two pairs of legs and between the first pair of legs and the rostrum, as well as adult and young specimens. The adults were darkly pigmented (greenish-brown, mimetizing the color of the hemipteran hosts. The new species is similar to Temnocephala decarloi Moretto, 1978, from Argentina, the only other species of Temnocephala from belostomatid hemipterans known to date, by having an extra long and curved cirrus, but differs by having the distal portion of the introvert not bent as a 'full-bent' smoking pipe-like, as the author depicted originally for T. decarloi.Uma nova espécie de Temnocephala Blanchard, 1849 é descrita para o sul do Brasil, ectosimbionte sobre baratas-d'água (hemípteros aquáticos, Belostoma spp. da região metropolitana de Porto Alegre, Estado do Rio Grande do Sul. Vários hemípteros examinados estavam positivos para esta espécie do gênero Temnocephala, inclusive com posturas sempre localizadas na face ventral entre os dois primeiros pares de apêndices locomotores, e entre o primeiro par de pernas e o rostro. Espécimes adultos e jovens de tamanhos variados também foram sempre encontrados na face ventral do hemíptero. Os vermes adultos eram pigmentados (marrom-esverdeado, mimetizando a cor do exoesqueleto de seus hospedeiros. A nova espécie é semelhante à Temnocephala decarloi Moretto, 1978, descrita da Argentina, única espécie conhecida do gênero já encontrada sobre hemípteros belostomatídeos, por ter um cirro extremamente longo e curvo, mas difere desta por ter a porção distal do 'introvert' sem a forma típica de um cachimbo ('full-bent' como ilustrada pelo autor na descri

Influência da altura do selim e intensidade do exercício sobre assimetrias na pedalada de ciclistas

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Fernando Diefenthaeler

2016-09-01

Full Text Available DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5007/1980-0037.2016v18n4p411   Assimetrias na pedalada quantificadas durante o ciclismo estacionário, em que a postura do ciclista e a intensidade não mudam significativamente, podem não reproduzir situações de treino e competições em que os ciclistas experimentam diferentes intensidades e optam por mudar a postura no selim para otimização da potência. Estudos prévios mostraram assimetrias no torque e potência de ciclistas. Não é claro se mudanças na posição do selim e intensidade afetam essas assimetrias. O objetivo do presente estudo foi determinar as assimetrias na pedalada durante o ciclismo em diferentes alturas de selim e diferentes intensidades de esforço. Doze ciclistas competitivos realizaram um teste incremental máximo, um teste de carga constante (domínio severo e um teste de Wingate. Os testes de carga constante e Wingate foram repetidos usando três alturas de selim (referência e 2,5% abaixo ou acima da referência, que foi medida pela distância da sínfise púbica até o solo. O torque gerado no pedivela foi medido durante todo o ciclo de pedalada. Assimetrias (maior torque na perna preferida foram encontradas em todas as alturas de selim (p<0,001 em ambas as intensidades. O índice de assimetria foi similar em todas as alturas de selim (p<0,05 em ambas as intensidades. Os resultados sugerem que ciclistas assimétricos apresentam um padrão consistente independente de pequenas mudanças na posição do selim ou intensidade do exercício. Como implicação prática, ciclistas produzindo torque assimétrico podem estar adaptados a esta condição e sendo continuamente expostos a esforços e sobrecargas assimétricas nos membros inferiores.

Antianxiety medications for the treatment of complex agoraphobia: pharmacological interventions for a behavioral condition

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Perna G

2011-10-01

Full Text Available Giampaolo Perna1-3, Silvia Daccò2, Roberta Menotti2, Daniela Caldirola21Department of Psychiatry and Neuropsychology, Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, University of Maastricht, Maastricht, the Netherlands; 2Department of Clinical Neuroscience, San Benedetto Hospital, Hermanas Hospitalarias, Albese con Cassano, Como, Italy; 3Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Leonard M Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USABackground: Although there are controversial issues (the "American view" and the "European view" regarding the construct and definition of agoraphobia (AG, this syndrome is well recognized and it is a burden in the lives of millions of people worldwide. To better clarify the role of drug therapy in AG, the authors summarized and discussed recent evidence on pharmacological treatments, based on clinical trials available from 2000, with the aim of highlighting pharmacotherapies that may improve this complex syndrome.Methods: A systematic review of the literature regarding the pharmacological treatment of AG was carried out using MEDLINE, EBSCO, and Cochrane databases, with keywords individuated by MeSH research. Only randomized, placebo-controlled studies or comparative clinical trials were included.Results: After selection, 25 studies were included. All the selected studies included patients with AG associated with panic disorder. Effective compounds included selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors, serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors, tricyclic antidepressants, selective noradrenergic reuptake inhibitors, and benzodiazepines. Paroxetine, sertraline, citalopram, escitalopram, and clomipramine showed the most consistent results, while fluvoxamine, fluoxetine, and imipramine showed limited efficacy. Preliminary results suggested the potential efficacy of inositol; D-cycloserine showed mixed results for its ability to improve the outcome of exposure-based cognitive behavioral therapy

Efecto in vitro del D-003 sobre la actividad enzimática de la 5-lipoxigenasa (5-LOX

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Yohani Pérez Guerra

Full Text Available Introducción: el D-003, mezcla de ácidos alifáticos primarios superiores purificada de la cera de la caña, inhibe la síntesis de colesterol. Trabajos recientes han demostrado que el D-003 resulta efectivo en modelos experimentales de osteoartritis y que inhibe la actividad de las enzimas COX1 y COX2, preferentemente la COX1, sin producir gastrotoxicidad. Ha sido referido que los inhibidores duales de las enzimas COX y 5-LOX presentan efectos antinflamatorios desprovistos de gastrotoxicidad o que incluso, pueden resultar gastroprotectores. De acuerdo con estos antecedentes, el D-003 podría ser un inhibidor dual de dichas enzimas. Objetivo: investigar el efecto in vitro del D-003 sobre la actividad enzimática de la 5-LOX, utilizando la fracción citosólica de leucocitos polimorfonucleares de ratas. Métodos: se utilizaron las condiciones de ensayo siguientes: fracción citosólica (50 µg de proteína disuelta en solución reguladora borato 0,2 mol/L (pH 9 y ácido linoleico (7,8-250 mmol/L como sustrato, ensayándose muestras paralelas incubadas con Tween-20/H2O (2 % (vehículo, D-003 (0,6-6 000 µg/mL o extracto de Perna canaliculus (50 µg/mL (sustancia de referencia. Se evaluó la actividad enzimática mediante el cambio de absorbancia a 234 nm producido por la formación de dienos conjugados y medido en espectrofotómetro UV-visible. Resultados: la adición de D-003 produjo una inhibición dosis dependiente de la actividad enzimática de la 5-LOX (r= 0,975; p< 0,05 (CI50= 23,06 µg/mL in vitro. La magnitud de esta inhibición fue moderada, ya que la inhibición máxima, alcanzada a partir de 1 250 µg/mL, resultó de solo un 30 %. Conclusiones: el estudio demuestra que el D-003 es capaz de inhibir la actividad enzimática de la 5-LOX in vitro, pero moderadamente.

A dinâmica de alteração das medidas de força e o efeito posterior duradouro de treinamento em basquetebolistas submetidos ao sistema de treinamento em bloco La dinamica de la alteracion de las medidas de fuerza y el efecto posterior duradero del entrenamiento en basquetbolistas sometidos al sistema de entrenamiento en bloque Dynamics of the power measures alterations and the posterior long-lasting training effect on basketball players submitted to the block training system

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Alexandre Moreira

2004-08-01

Full Text Available O presente estudo objetivou examinar a dinâmica das alterações da força explosiva de salto vertical (SV, força explosiva de salto horizontal (SHP e da força rápida horizontal para a perna direita (STCD e para a perna esquerda (STCE nas distintas etapas da preparação em basquetebolistas adultos submetidos ao sistema de treinamento em bloco. O grupo estudado foi composto por 12 atletas participantes do campeonato paulista da divisão principal (A1. Oito realizaram o programa de forma integral e foram incluídos na análise. Os atletas submeteram-se a uma estrutura bicíclica de preparação (primeiro macrociclo com 23 semanas e o segundo macrociclo com 19 semanas. Na estruturação do modelo, o macrociclo de treinamento foi dividido em etapa básica (cargas concentradas de força, etapa especial e etapa de competição. A etapa básica teve a duração de oito semanas, no primeiro macrociclo de treinamento, e três semanas no segundo macrociclo. Os atletas foram avaliados em oito momentos distintos do ciclo anual, caracterizando uma investigação longitudinal. Os resultados demonstraram: 1 a eficácia do sistema de treinamento em bloco no basquetebol, evidenciada pela expressão pontual do efeito posterior duradouro de treinamento (EPDT, 2 que as cargas de competição exerceram diferentes efeitos para as SV e SHP e, ainda, 3 ocorrências diversas verificadas entre STCD e STCE, demonstrando a necessidade de avaliar e analisar minuciosamente os resultados dos diferentes testes de saltos quando utilizados como parâmetros de controle dos efeitos de treinamento.El presente estudio objetivó examinar la dinámica de las alteraciones de la fuerza explosiva del salto vertical (SV, fuerza explosiva del salto horizontal (SHP y de la fuerza rápida horizontal para la pierna derecha (STCD y para la pierna izquierda (STCE en las distintas etapas de la preparación en basquetbolistas adultos sometidos al sistema de entrenamiento en bloque. El grupo

Oxygenation variability in Mejillones Bay, off northern Chile, during the last two centuries

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Diaz-Ochoa, J.A.; Pantoja, S.; de Lange, G.J.; Lange, C.B.; Sanchez, G.E.; Acuna, V.R.; Munoz, P.; Vargas, G.

2011-01-01

The Peru Chile Current ecosystem is characterized by high biological productivity and important fisheries. Although this system is likely to be severely affected by climate change, its response to current global warming is still uncertain. In this paper, we analyze 10–166 year-old sediments in two

Examination of factors which may contribute to the underrepresentation of African American teachers certified in science

Science.gov (United States)

Davis, Rita C. F.

Throughout this country the student population is becoming increasingly diverse, yet the teacher population does not reflect this diversity. This lack of diversity in the teacher population deprives students of color from having role models of the same race/ethnicity who look like them and who might have experiences which are similar to theirs (Epstein, 2005; Nettles & Perna, 1997). Having role models from their own race in the classroom could have a positive impact on students' attitudes about science (Perine, 2003), and facilitate their learning of the subject matter, and give students an incentive to do well in school (Vegas, Murnane, & Willett, 2001). In 2000, a national survey study of math and science teachers was conducted (Horizon Research, 2001). The majority of biology (90%), chemistry (93%), and physics (94%) teachers who participated in the study were White. Findings of the study revealed that only 55% to 60% of these teachers considered themselves well prepared to effectively teach a culturally diverse student population (Banilower, 2002; Smith, 2002; Wood, 2002). The majority of the teacher pool, which is White, prefer not to teach in urban communities as they have a preference for teaching jobs in the nonurban communities that are similar to those in which they were raised (Boyd, Lankford, Loeb, & Wyckoff, 2005; Epstein, 2005). The purpose of this quantitative study was to examine factors that may contribute to the underrepresentation of African American teachers certified in science. More specifically, it was decided to examine the high school experiences of in-service teachers. Study participants were teachers and other certificated faculty in two school districts located in the southern portion of the United States. Findings of the study revealed a statistically significant relationship between a teacher's decision to become certified in science and the following high school experiences: teachers and guidance counselors encouraging students to

Propriocepção de joelho em jovens e idosas praticantes de exercícios físicos Knee proprioception in physically active young and elderly women

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Danielle Ledur Antes

2009-12-01

Full Text Available A propriocepção é um mecanismo neuromuscular que descreve informações neurais originadas nas articulações, músculos e tendões. Este estudo verificou a propriocepção de joelho em jovens e idosas praticantes de exercícios físicos. Participaram do estudo 44 mulheres - 22 idosas (média de idade 69,4 anos e 22 jovens, idade média 22,5. A propriocepção foi avaliada pelo senso de posição articular, sendo a participante solicitada a reposicionar o membro inferior dominante previamente estendido ou flexionado pelo avaliador. Os ângulos de flexão e extensão do joelho foram sorteado, utilizando-se nos testes um goniômetro fixo à perna da participante. Considerou-se como variável o valor absoluto do erro, isto é, a diferença em graus entre o ângulo proposto e o ângulo reproduzido pela avaliada. Os dados foram tratados estatisticamente, com nível de significância de pProprioception is a neuromuscular mechanism that describes neural information originating from the joints, muscles and tendons. This study aimed at verifying proprioception of the knee in young and elderly women with regular physical activity. Subjects were 44 women - 22 elderly, mean age 69.4 years old, and 22 young women, mean age 22.5 years old. Proprioception was assessed by the sense of joint position, the subject being asked to reposition the dominant leg previously flexed or extended by the examiner. Flexion and extension angles were randomized, and measured by means of a goniometer attached to the subject's leg. The variable considered was the absolute error value, that is, the difference between the angle proposed and the angle shown by the subject. Data were statistically analysed and significance level set at p<0.05. The elderly group mean error was 6.75±3.01º, and the young ladies', 5.73±4.24°; no significant difference (p=0.249 was found between the groups. Hence, although proprioception is known to decline with age, the elderly group showed

Escores de cloaca e de crista e morfometria testicular em galos de matriz pesada com 71 semanas de idade e três categorias de peso corporal

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C.A. Rezende

2014-04-01

Full Text Available Em galos de matriz pesada, o peso dos testículos se associa positivamente com a produção diária de espermatozoides e com a fertilidade. Contudo, os testículos de aves se localizam na cavidade abdominal, não sendo acessíveis para exame andrológico como os testículos de mamíferos. A avaliação reprodutiva de galos de matriz pesada é subjetiva e se baseia em características como peso corporal (PC, qualidade de pés e pernas e morfologia de cloaca e crista. Estudos que validem o potencial de associação dessas características fenotípicas com parâmetros da morfometria testicular são raros, principalmente quando se consideram galos de matriz pesada manejados em lotes comerciais. Escores de cloaca e de crista e parâmetros da morfometria testicular foram avaliados em galos Cobb 500 Slow adultos das categorias de PC leve (<4,300kg, médio (entre 4,300 e 5,250kg e pesado (≥5,250kg. O coeficiente de variação para PC foi de 12%. Os galos da categoria de PC pesado apresentaram testículos mais pesados e maiores escores de cloaca e de crista do que os galos da categoria de PC leve. Não houve diferença estatística entre as categorias de PC, considerando-se índice gonadossomático, porcentagens de túbulo seminífero e de tecido intersticial, diâmetro de túbulo seminífero e altura de epitélio seminífero. Correlação positiva, moderada e significativa foi observada entre peso de testículo e características de PC, escores de cloaca e de crista, diâmetro de túbulo seminífero e altura de epitélio seminífero. Um dos seis galos da categoria de PC leve avaliados quanto à histologia de testículo apresentou atrofia testicular. Em galos Cobb 500 Slow, conclui-se que o PC influencia o peso e a qualidade histológica de testículos e que os escores de cloaca e de crista podem ser utilizados com potencial moderado de predição para identificar galos com baixo peso de testículos.

Biofouling evaluation in the seawater cooling circuit of an operating coastal power plant

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Murthy, P.S.; Veeramani, P.; Ershath, M.I.M.; Venugopalan, V.P. [BARC Facilities, Water and Steam Chemistry Div., Kalpakkam, Tamil Nadu (India)

2010-07-01

Chlorination is the most commonly used method of biofouling control in cooling water systems of coastal power stations. In the present study, we report results of extensive sampling in different sections of the cooling water system of an operating power station undertaken during three consecutive maintenance shutdowns. The power plant employed continuous low level chlorination (0.2 ± 0.1 mg L{sup -1} TRO) with twice-a-week booster dosing (0.4 ± 0.1 mg L-1 TRO for 8 hours). In addition, the process seawater heat exchangers received supplementary dosing of bromide treatment (0.2 ± 0.1 mg L{sup -1} TRO for 1 hour in every 8 h shift). Biofouling samples were collected from the cooling water conduits, heat exchanger water boxes, pipelines, heated discharge conduits and outfall section during the annual maintenance shutdown of the plant in the years 2007, 2008 and 2009. Simultaneous monitoring of biofouling on test coupons in coastal waters enabled direct comparison of fouling situation on test panels and that in the cooling system. The data showed significant reduction in biofouling inside the cooling circuit as compared to the coastal waters. However, significant amount of fouling was still evident at several places, indicating inadequacy of the biocide treatment regime. The maximum load of 31.3 kg m{sup 2} y{sup -1} was observed in the conduits leading to the process seawater heat exchangers (PSW-HX) and the minimum of 1.3 kg m{sup 2} y{sup -1} was observed in the outfall section. Fouling loads of 12.2 - 14.7 kg m{sup 2} y{sup -1} were observed in the concrete conduits feeding the main condensers. Bromide treatment ahead of the PSW-HX could marginally reduce the fouling load in the downstream section of the dosing point; the HX inlets still showed good biofouling. Species diversity across the cooling water system showed the pre-condenser section to be dominated by green mussels (Perna viridis), pearl oysters (Pinctada sp.) and edible oysters (Crassostrea sp

Crescimento de genótipos de frangos tipo caipira

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R. C. Veloso

2015-10-01

Full Text Available RESUMOObjetivou-se com este trabalho comparar o padrão de crescimento, mediante ajustes das respectivas curvas de crescimento por modelos não lineares, bem como estudar o desenvolvimento de cortes de carcaça em relação ao peso da carcaça em diferentes genótipos de frangos tipo caipira. Foram utilizados 840 pintos de um dia, machos, distribuídos em delineamento inteiramente ao acaso, dos seguintes genótipos da linhagem Redbro: Caboclo, Carijó, Colorpak, Gigante Negro, Pesadão Vermelho, Pescoço Pelado e Tricolor. As aves foram alojadas em 28 boxes, sendo 30 aves/boxe, em galpão de alvenaria com acesso a um piquete de 45m², com quatro repetições. O peso corporal individual dos frangos foi medido ao nascer, aos 14, 28, 42, 56, 70 e 84 dias de idade. Para a determinação das curvas de crescimento do peso corporal das aves, os dados coletados foram avaliados por meio dos modelos não lineares: Brody, Gompertz, Logístico, Richards e von Bertalanffy. Foi empregado o PROC NLIN do SAS, utilizando-se o método interativo de Gauss-Newton. Os critérios usados para escolha do modelo de melhor ajuste da curva de crescimento foram o coeficiente de determinação, o desvio padrão assintótico, o desvio médio absoluto dos resíduos e o índice assintótico. As análises para obtenção dos coeficientes alométricos foram realizadas por meio do PROC GLM do SAS para os genótipos Carijó, Colorpak, Pesadão Vermelho, Pescoço Pelado e Tricolor. Foram avaliados os pesos da carcaça, do peito, das coxas, das sobrecoxas, das pernas e das asas das aves abatidas aos 85 dias de idade. Apenas as equações propostas por Gompertz, von Bertalanffy e Logístico atingiram a convergência, e o modelo proposto por von Bertalanffy foi o mais adequado para descrever o crescimento dos genótipos de frangos caipiras. Todos os cortes avaliados apresentaram crescimento tardio em relação ao peso da carcaça em genótipos de frangos tipo caipira.

Escravos de Jó, Kanban e L.E.R

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Leda Leal Ferreira

1998-12-01

Full Text Available Casos de tenossinovite numa empresa metalúrgica foram analisados através da Análise Coletiva do Trabalho, da qual participaram treze trabalhadores e o Sindicato da categoria. A partir da descrição de sua atividade de trabalho, feita em duas reuniões coletivas, ficou claro que a tenossinovite era um termo geral utilizado para várias queixas (dores, formigamento, perda de força dos membros superiores e inferiores que acometiam os trabalhadores. O problema atingia trabalhadores de vários setores da empresa, cujas tarefas exigiam movimentos estereotipados, localizados e repetidos dos braços ou pernas e um ritmo de trabalho elevado. Os casos aumentaram quando houve uma reorganização da produção da empresa, com a introdução de células de produção, Kanban e polivalência dos operários, reorganização que foi apresentada aos trabalhadores sob o nome de "Escravos de Jó". O artigo termina com comentários sobre a intensificação do trabalho, no Brasil e no mundo, provocada pelas novas formas de organização da produção e a necessidade de levá-la em consideração nos estudos técnicos sobre a gênese das L.E.R.Tenosynovitis cases in a metal plant were studied using the Collective Work Analysis, involving 13 workers and their union. From the description of their work activities, during two group meetings, it became clear that tenosynovitis was a generic term used to describe several complaints (pains, loss of strenght of the the superior and inferior limbs, suffered by the workers. The problem afflicted workers of several sectors of the company, whose tasks required stereotyped, repetitive and localized movements of the arms or legs and a high work rate. The number of cases rised when the company reorganized its production, introducing productions cells, Kanban and multivalence of workers, reorganization presented to the workers under the name of "escravos de Jó". The paper ends with comments on the intensification of work, in

Miopatia nemalínica com corpos intracitoplasmáticos esferúides: relato de caso Nemalinic myopathy with intracytoplasmic spheroid bodies: case report

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Helga C. A. Azevedo

1996-03-01

Full Text Available Os autores relatam o caso de paciente do sexo feminino de 18 anos de idade com fraqueza lentamente progressiva nos quatro membros desde a infância, sem antecedentes relevantes. O exame neurológico mostrou déficit motor discreto proximal e distal com retração muscular leve ao nível de ombros, cotovelos, articulações coxo-femurais, joelhos e tornozelos; hipotrofia muscular nas pernas e pés: reflexos presentes e sensibilidade normal. Creatinofosfoquinase com aumento de uma vez e meia o valor normal. Eletroneuromiografia: diminuição de amplitude e duração dos potenciais de ação e traçado de interferência paradoxal, compatíveis com afecção muscular primária. Biópsia muscular em congelação (HE, Gomori, PAS, ATPases, NADH, SDH, fosfatases ácida e alcalina, citocromo-c-oxidase e Oil-red-O revelou afecção muscular primária caracterizada pela presença de corpos nemalínicos e corpos intracitoplasmáticos esferóides. Os corpos nemalínicos podem ser encontrados com diferentes alterações das fibras musculares, porém essa associação é rara. Este é o segundo relato da associação entre corpos nemalínicos e esferóides.The authors report the case of a female patient, 18 years of age, with slowly progressing weakness in upper and lower limbs since childhood. There were no significant antecedents. The neurologic examination showed mild proximal and distal motor deficit with a slight muscular retraction at the level of shoulders, elbows, coxofemural joints, knees and ankles; muscular hypotrophy in the legs and feet; reflexes were present and sensitivity was normal. Creatinephosphokinase showed an increase of one and a half times the normal value. Electroneuromyography: decrease in the amplitude and duration of action potentials and excessive recruitment of motor units, compatible with a primary muscular disease. A muscle biopsy with frozen sections (HE, Gomori, PAS, ATPases, NADH, SDH, acid and alcaline phosphatases

Is the population properly informed about sleep disorders? A população está devidamente informada sobre os distúrbios do sono?

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Eleida Pereira Camargo

2013-01-01

Full Text Available OBJECTIVE: To measure the prior knowledge about sleep disorders and patient's ability to report their problems adequately to health professionals. METHODS: We analyzed 208 patient's records and extracted the following information: date of birth, gender, medical diagnostic hypotheses, patient's primary complaint in their words, considering the most appropriated semantic approximation to the perceptual phenomena, either by their own or by reasoning information from the partner. We compared the agreement (Kappa's test between patient's complaint and medical diagnosis. The 95% confidence interval was used to analyze proportions. RESULTS: We found strong correlations for bruxism; moderate for snoring, insomnia, nightmares, somniloquy, and restless legs syndrome; fair for excessive movement during sleep (EMDS and obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSA. CONCLUSIONS: The observed correlations were heterogeneous, but important diseases such as OSA and EMDS in children showed fair and weak correlations. This suggests an unsatisfactory knowledge level among the population about these disorders, despite their high prevalence and impact on patient's overall health.OBJETIVO: Avaliar o conhecimento da população investigada sobre os distúrbios do sono e sua capacidade de reportá-los adequadamente aos profissionais de saúde. MÉTODOS: Foram analisados ​​208 prontuários de pacientes, dos quais foram extraídos os seguintes dados: data de nascimento, sexo, hipótese diagnóstica médica e queixa principal do paciente. Foram comparadas as queixas e as hipóteses diagnósticas, considerando-se o intervalo de confiança de 95% para as proporções entre estas variáveis, determinando-se sua concordância por meio do teste Kappa. RESULTADOS: Foram encontradas concordâncias acentuadas em relação ao bruxismo; moderadas para ronco, insônia, pesadelos, sonilóquio e síndrome das pernas inquietas; concordância regular para movimentação excessiva durante o

Biofouling evaluation in the seawater cooling circuit of an operating coastal power plant

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Murthy, P.S.; Veeramani, P.; Ershath, M.I.M.; Venugopalan, V.P.

2010-01-01

Chlorination is the most commonly used method of biofouling control in cooling water systems of coastal power stations. In the present study, we report results of extensive sampling in different sections of the cooling water system of an operating power station undertaken during three consecutive maintenance shutdowns. The power plant employed continuous low level chlorination (0.2 ± 0.1 mg L -1 TRO) with twice-a-week booster dosing (0.4 ± 0.1 mg L-1 TRO for 8 hours). In addition, the process seawater heat exchangers received supplementary dosing of bromide treatment (0.2 ± 0.1 mg L -1 TRO for 1 hour in every 8 h shift). Biofouling samples were collected from the cooling water conduits, heat exchanger water boxes, pipelines, heated discharge conduits and outfall section during the annual maintenance shutdown of the plant in the years 2007, 2008 and 2009. Simultaneous monitoring of biofouling on test coupons in coastal waters enabled direct comparison of fouling situation on test panels and that in the cooling system. The data showed significant reduction in biofouling inside the cooling circuit as compared to the coastal waters. However, significant amount of fouling was still evident at several places, indicating inadequacy of the biocide treatment regime. The maximum load of 31.3 kg m 2 y -1 was observed in the conduits leading to the process seawater heat exchangers (PSW-HX) and the minimum of 1.3 kg m 2 y -1 was observed in the outfall section. Fouling loads of 12.2 - 14.7 kg m 2 y -1 were observed in the concrete conduits feeding the main condensers. Bromide treatment ahead of the PSW-HX could marginally reduce the fouling load in the downstream section of the dosing point; the HX inlets still showed good biofouling. Species diversity across the cooling water system showed the pre-condenser section to be dominated by green mussels (Perna viridis), pearl oysters (Pinctada sp.) and edible oysters (Crassostrea sp.), whereas the post-condenser section and heat

Biofouling community pattern on various metallic surfaces in the coastal waters of Kalpakkam, Southwestern Bay of Bengal

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Sahu, Gouri; Satpathy, K.K.; Mohanty, A.K.; Bindu, V.K.

2015-01-01

. 100 cm -2 . The major fouling organisms such as, barnacle, green mussel and ascidian constituted ∼ 70-80% of the total fouling. In the present study, sequence of fouling succession was as follows, barnacle - hydroid - sea anemone - ascidian and finally green mussel (Perna viridis Linn. 1758). The paper also discusses species diversity indices (diversity, richness and evenness) in detail. (author)

Gracias a Dios que coamí. Los orígenes del cristianismo en Iberoamérica y El Caribe, siglos XV-XX

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EDUARDO HOORNAERT

2011-10-01

Full Text Available Desde o momento em que Maximiliano Salinas publicou sua Historia del pueblo de Dios en Chile em 1987, ele inova em termos de pesquisa sobre temas que tradicionalmente caem fora do campo de visao do historiador cristao. A inovaçao de 1987 visava aspectos heurísticos, pois mencionado livro partia de folhetos populares, cânticos, benditos, refroes, poesias. Com seu mais novo ensaio, Gracias a Dios que comí, Maximiliano Salinas completa o trabalho heurístico anterior por importantes inovaçoes no campo hermenéutico. O ensaio apresenta o painel de um cristianismo pouco analisado na literatura mas intensamente praticado por descendentes de indígenas, africanos mas também portugueses (fértil fronteira com o Islam. Ele insiste na positividade das culturas que encaram a Deus como fonte da subsistencia, quem nos dá o pao para comer, as pernas para dançar, o ânimo para transformar o trabalho em festa. Ele fala de um Deus cristao dionisíaco. Trata-se de uma inusitada memória crista, e apagada nos textos ortodoxos do cristianismo histórico relegada ao mundo dos textos apócrifos, mas que encontra fortes concordâncias nas culturas azteca, quechua e mapuche onde se vive o trabalho como festa, onde Deus tem maos (para trabalhar e entranhas (para compartir, onde a comida é uma hierofania (as comidas sagradas e o paraíso um deleite culinário. Aí Deus nao é mais o 'preceptor absoluto' mas o 'poeta' (no sentido original: quem faz, quem executa a obra. Postula-se dessa maneira uma releitura global do cristianismo, na linha do livro Dionisios, reíz de la vida indestructible, da autoria de K. Kerényi (Barcelona 1998: «La cultura mediterránea del vino fue el fondo común y concreto de diversos elementos, tales como la fundación del cristianismo...». O Apolo da ciência, o Pluto da riqueza e o Mercúrio do comercio cedem lugar ao Dioniso davida. A partir da vida rejeita-se o 'blanco perfecto', que se manifesta no ‘preceptor exclusivo’ no

The decline of Dom Pedro II's empire and health: neurophatogenic implications O declínio do império e da saúde de Dom Pedro II: implicações neuropatogênicas

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Marleide da Mota Gomes

2007-12-01

ência urinária e a fraqueza nas pernas. Dom Pedro II, ao longo da sua doença, apresentou uma série de manifestações que contribuíram para a sua fragilidade física e certamente também para o seu declínio político, deposição e proclamação da República no Brasil.

Restrição alimentar em caprinos: rendimento, cortes comerciais e composição da carcaça Feed restriction in goats: carcass yield, commercial cuts, and carcass composition

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Enrique Alejandro Yáñez

2006-10-01

Full Text Available Com o objetivo de estudar o efeito da restrição alimentar sobre as características da carcaça de caprinos leiteiros, realizou-se um experimento utilizando 27 cabritos castrados da raça Saanen. Os animais (PV inicial de 20 kg foram distribuídos nos tratamentos alimentação à vontade e 30 e 60% de restrição, sendo abatidos aos 35 kg de PV. Foram avaliados o rendimento comercial e biológico, os cortes comerciais, a área de olho-de-lombo e a composição tecidual da perna. O rendimento biológico não foi afetado pela restrição alimentar, mas o comercial diminuiu com o aumento da restrição. A elevação no nível de restrição alimentar promoveu diminuição do lombo e da 6ª a 13ª costelas e aumento da paleta e do pescoço, proporcionalmente à meia-carcaça. A proporção de ossos aumentou e a de gordura total diminuiu com o aumento da restrição. O tecido muscular não foi afetado pela restrição. A restrição alimentar de até 30% não prejudicou a qualidade da carcaça de caprinos leiteiros.Twenty-seven Saanen male kids averaging 20 kg of body weight (BW at the beginning of the trial were used to study the effects of feed restriction on carcass characteristics. Animals were assigned to one of the following three treatments: control (fed ad libitum, 30 or 60% of feed restriction. A completely randomized design was used and data were submitted to regression analysis; animals were slaughtered when they reached 35 kg of BW. The following traits were measured in this trial: carcass commercial and biological yields, commercial cuts, tissue composition of hind leg, rib eye area (REA, and carcass compactness. Increasing feed restriction reduced carcass and commercial cut weights as well as loin and fat proportions in the carcass. Conversely, proportions of bone, neck, and shoulder clod all increased when the feed restriction went from 0 to 60%. Muscle tissue proportion was not changed by feed restriction in this study. It can be

Is the population properly informed about sleep disorders? A população está devidamente informada sobre os distúrbios do sono?

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Eleida Pereira Camargo

2013-02-01

Full Text Available OBJECTIVE: To measure the prior knowledge about sleep disorders and patient's ability to report their problems adequately to health professionals. METHODS: We analyzed 208 patient's records and extracted the following information: date of birth, gender, medical diagnostic hypotheses, patient's primary complaint in their words, considering the most appropriated semantic approximation to the perceptual phenomena, either by their own or by reasoning information from the partner. We compared the agreement (Kappa's test between patient's complaint and medical diagnosis. The 95% confidence interval was used to analyze proportions. RESULTS: We found strong correlations for bruxism; moderate for snoring, insomnia, nightmares, somniloquy, and restless legs syndrome; fair for excessive movement during sleep (EMDS and obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSA. CONCLUSIONS: The observed correlations were heterogeneous, but important diseases such as OSA and EMDS in children showed fair and weak correlations. This suggests an unsatisfactory knowledge level among the population about these disorders, despite their high prevalence and impact on patient's overall health.OBJETIVO: Avaliar o conhecimento da população investigada sobre os distúrbios do sono e sua capacidade de reportá-los adequadamente aos profissionais de saúde. MÉTODOS: Foram analisados ​​208 prontuários de pacientes, dos quais foram extraídos os seguintes dados: data de nascimento, sexo, hipótese diagnóstica médica e queixa principal do paciente. Foram comparadas as queixas e as hipóteses diagnósticas, considerando-se o intervalo de confiança de 95% para as proporções entre estas variáveis, determinando-se sua concordância por meio do teste Kappa. RESULTADOS: Foram encontradas concordâncias acentuadas em relação ao bruxismo; moderadas para ronco, insônia, pesadelos, sonilóquio e síndrome das pernas inquietas; concordância regular para movimentação excessiva durante o

Qualidade da carne ovina submetida ao processo de salga Meat quality of lamb submitted to salting

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Américo Garcia da Silva Sobrinho

2004-09-01

Full Text Available Foi estudada a qualidade da carne ovina submetida a diferentes teores de sal no processo de salga, utilizando-se 18 pernas desossadas provenientes de cordeiros ½ Ile de France ½ Ideal, machos inteiros, com peso vivo médio de 30kg. Os tratamentos constituíram-se em: T1 - controle; T2 - salga a 15% e T3 - salga a 20%. As mantas de carne foram lavadas rapidamente em água corrente para remoção do excesso de sal e secadas à sombra. As análises foram realizadas antes da salga e 67 horas após o início da mesma. As perdas de peso ao cozimento, maciez, cor, umidade (2, 4, 16, 28, 40 e 67 horas após o início da salga e número de TBARS, substâncias reativas ao ácido 2-tiobarbitúrico, foram realizadas no músculo Semimembranosus. Os diferentes teores de sal não influenciaram (P>0,05 na luminosidade da carne, entretanto os teores de vermelho e amarelo, que foram influenciados (PThe effects was studied of different salt quantities during salting process in qualitative parameters of sheep meat. Were used 18 boned legs from ram lambs ½ Ile de France ½ Ideal, slaughtered with 30kg of body weight. The treatments were: T1 - control; T2 - salting at 15%; T3 - salting at 20%. Meat slices were washed with water to remove salt excess and dried in shadow. Analysis were done before salting and 67 hours after salting. Cooking losses, tenderness, colour, humidity (2, 4, 16, 28, 40 and 67 hours after the beginning of the process and number of TBARS (2-tiobarbituric acid reactive substances were done on Semimembranosus muscle. Different quantities of salt had no effect on meat lightness (P>0.05, although redness and yellowness were affected (P<0.05. Cooking losses and humidity were lower (P<0.05 for salted meat. The tenderness was higher (P<0.05 for meats submitted to control treatment and 15% of salting, compared to meats salted with 20%. Meats submitted to 20% of salting showed higher number of TBARS, not differing 15% of salting. The utilization of 15

Efeito da composição genética nas carcaterísticas de conformação em equinos

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M.D. Costa

Full Text Available RESUMO Objetivou-se verificar o efeito da composição genética nas características morfológicas em equinos com diferentes objetivos de seleção. Foram utilizados 234 equinos sendo 136 da raça Mangalarga Marchador e 90 entre mestiços e puros Quarto de Milha utilizados em vaquejada. Foram mensuradas as medidas lineares de altura na cernelha, na garupa, no dorso, no costado e na cintura pélvica; os comprimentos de corpo, de cabeça, de pescoço, de dorsolombo, de garupa, de espádua, de braço, de antebraço, de canela anterior, de quartela anterior, de coxa, de perna, de canela posterior e de quartela posterior; os perímetros de tórax, de cintura pélvica, de canela anterior e de canela posterior; as larguras de cabeça, de peito e de garupa. O peso corporal foi estimado por meio de fita métrica (em kg. Os ângulos mensurados foram escápulo-solo, escápulo-umeral, úmero-radial, metacarpo-falangiano, pelve-solo, pelve-femoral, fêmur-tíbio-patelar, tíbio-tarso-metatarsiano e metatarso-falangiano descritos. O modelo estatístico considerou os efeitos de sexo, raça e interação sexo*raça com as médias comparadas pleo teste SNK a 5% de significância. Houve interação sexo x raça para as todas as características de alturas e larguras, para as medidas de comprimento do pescoço, do dorsolombo, garupa, espádua, braço antebraço e canela anterior e para as angulações apenas a escápulo-umeral, enquanto a raça teve efeito para todas as medidas angulares (P<0,01 exceto a úmero-radial. Os autores conluíram que os animais das raças Mangalarga Marchador e Quarto de Milha são biótipos geneticamente diferentes em suas medidas lineares e angulares e que as diferenças observadas entre as raças podem estar associadas ao tipo de andamento e à funcionalidade atribuída a cada uma delas induzidas pela seleção.

Heavy metals in sediments, mussels and oysters from Trinidad and Venezuela

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Rojas Astudillo, L. de; Chang Yen, I.; Bekele, I.

2005-01-01

The Gulf of Paria is bordered by both Trinidad and Venezuela, from which various metallic pollutants and other contaminants can originate. The Gulf is still a significant source of fish, crabs and shellfish for human consumption to both countries, where concerns over the quality of this marine environment have been long expressed but never properly addressed. In addition, the circulatory current patterns in the Gulf ensure that contaminants originating from either country are likely to affect both countries eventually. Heavy metals were determined in oysters (Crassostrea rhizophorae and C. virginica), green mussels (Perna viridis) and sediments from the Gulf of Paria. Samples were obtained at four sites in Trinidad and three sites in Venezuela in the Gulf of Paria, in addition to comparative samples collected from three sites on the north coast of Venezuela. Edible tissues of twelve shellfish from each location were blended and aliquots digested with concentrated nitric acid, for extraction of cadmium, chromium, copper, lead, nickel and zinc. The solutions were analysed by flame atomic absorption spectroscopy. Mercury was extracted with a mixture of nitric, hydrochloric and sulphuric acids and determined by cold vapour atomic absorption. Sediments were oven-dried at 60 0 C, before being similarly extracted. Results showed that mercury in sediments at all sites in Trinidad and Venezuela exceeded NOAA and Canadian sediment quality guidelines, while cadmium, copper, nickel, lead and zinc also exceeded these guidelines at several sites. Heavy metal levels in oysters and green mussels varied widely with location. However, oysters from the Gulf of Paria contained significantly higher mean levels of cadmium, copper, nickel and zinc than those from the north coast of Venezuela, but this difference was not apparent in mussels. Cadmium, mercury and zinc in sediments were significantly correlated with those of mussels, but not of oysters, in which copper and zinc at several

Avaliação do perfil de trabalhadores e das condições de trabalho em marcenarias no município de Viçosa-MG Evalution of workers' profile and work conditions joineries in Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil

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Kátia Regina Silva

2002-11-01

Full Text Available Esta pesquisa foi desenvolvida nos ambientes de trabalho de marcenarias localizadas no município de Viçosa, Minas Gerais, para realizar o levantamento do perfil dos trabalhadores e das condições de trabalho relacionadas às atividades exercidas em marcenarias, visando a melhoria da saúde, do bem-estar, da segurança, do conforto e da produtividade dos trabalhadores. O levantamento do perfil dos trabalhadores e das condições de trabalho foi realizado por intermédio da aplicação de questionários aos trabalhadores das marcenarias avaliadas e das observações e anotações realizadas durante a coleta dos dados. Pelos resultados obtidos, foram constatados diversos problemas relacionados aos marceneiros, como, por exemplo, cansaço, dores nas pernas e na coluna, alergia devido à utilização de produtos químicos e ao pó da madeira, falta de treinamento para exercer a profissão e praticamente nenhuma noção sobre segurança e higiene no trabalho. A incidência de acidentes relatados foi baixa; as mãos foram as partes mais afetadas por cortes leves, não tendo sido relatado nenhum tipo de acidente grave. Pôde-se constatar também que há necessidade de conscientizar os proprietários das marcenarias sobre a importância e os benefícios da segurança e higiene no trabalho para os seus funcionários.This work was carried out in joineries located in Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil, to survey the profile of workers and work conditions related to the activities performed, aiming to promote health, welfare, safety, comfort and productivity of the workers. This survey was carried out by means of the application of questionnaires to the workers and from observations made during data collection. According to the obtained results, various problems related to the joiners were observed, such as fatigue, pain in legs and spine, allergies due to the use of chemicals and sawdust, lack of training for the work and almost none knowledge about work

Development and validation of educational technology for venous ulcer care.

Science.gov (United States)

Benevides, Jéssica Lima; Coutinho, Janaina Fonseca Victor; Pascoal, Liliane Chagas; Joventino, Emanuella Silva; Martins, Mariana Cavalcante; Gubert, Fabiane do Amaral; Alves, Allana Mirella

2016-04-01

To develop and validate an educational technology venous ulcers care. Methodological study conducted in five steps: Situational diagnosis; literature review; development of texts, illustrations and layout; apparent and content validity by the Content Validity Index, assessment of Flesch Readability Index; and pilot testing. The developed technology was a type of booklet entitled Booklet for Venous Ulcers Care, consisting of seven topics: Diet and food intake, walking and light exercise, resting with elevated leg, bandage care, compression therapy, family support, and keeping healthy habits. The apparent validity revealed minimal agreement of 85.7% in the clarity and comprehensibility. The total content validity index was 0.97, the Flesch Readability Index was 75%, corresponding to the reading "fairly easy". The pilot test showed that 100% of people with venous ulcers evaluated the text and the illustrations as understandable, as appropriate. The educational technology proved to be valid for the appearance and content with potential for use in clinical practice. Construir e validar uma tecnologia educativa para cuidados com úlcera venosa. Estudo metodológico realizado em cinco fases: diagnóstico situacional; revisão da literatura; desenvolvimento de textos, ilustrações e diagramação; validade de aparência e de conteúdo pelo Índice de Validade de Conteúdo, avaliação do Índice de Legibilidade de Flesch; e teste piloto. A tecnologia desenvolvida foi do tipo cartilha intitulada Cartilha para cuidados com úlcera venosa, constituída de sete tópicos: Alimentação, Caminhadas e exercícios leves, Repouso com a perna elevada, Cuidados com o curativo, Terapia compressiva, Apoio familiar, e manter hábitos saudáveis. A validade aparente revelou concordância mínima de 85,7% na clareza e compreensibilidade. O Índice de Validade de Conteúdo total foi de 0,97, o Índice de legibilidade de Flesch foi de 75%, o que correspondeu à leitura "razoavelmente f

Bloom of the Yessotoxin producing dinoflagellate Protoceratium reticulatum (Dinophyceae) in Northern Chile

Science.gov (United States)

Álvarez, Gonzalo; Uribe, Eduardo; Díaz, Rosario; Braun, Mauricio; Mariño, Carmen; Blanco, Juan

2011-05-01

In summer 2007, a dinoflagellate preliminarily identified as Protoceratium reticulatum bloomed in Bahía Mejillones, northern Chile. Phytoplankton samples were analyzed in detail by light and scanning electron microscopy revealing the presence of resting cyst and motile cells of P. reticulatum. Oceanographic and phytoplankton data suggest that the bloom was initiated offshore by motile cells and germinated cysts during an upwelling pulse. These cells were advected into the bay when upwelling relaxed and grew without any relevant competitor. Phytoplankton net samples were found to contain yessotoxin as the only toxin in an estimated proportion of 0.2 and 0.4 pg cell - 1 , thus confirming that P. reticulatum is a source of yessotoxin in northern Chilean waters and consequently that it poses a risk for human health and mollusk exploitation in the area.

Carcass characteristics, non-carcass components and meat quality of Nellore cattle in a feedlot and fed with different corn hybridsCaracterísticas de carcaça, de componentes não carcaça e qualidade da carne de bovinos nelore em confinamento e alimentados com diferentes híbridos de milho

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Carla Prado Rosolem

2012-02-01

significant difference (P O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar as características de carcaça, de componentes não carcaça e qualidade da carne de bovinos da raça Nelore terminados em confinamento e alimentados com diferentes híbridos de milho (duro, semi duro e semi dentado na dieta. Foram utilizados 27 bovinos com peso vivo médio inicial de 350 ± 24 kg e idade média de 24 meses, distribuídos em delineamento inteiramente casualizado, em três tratamentos (T, sendo, T1- Dieta com milho duro, T2- Dieta com milho semiduro e T3- Dieta com milho semidentado, com nove repetições por tratamento. As dietas foram isoenergéticas e isoprotéicas, com relação de volumoso: concentrado de 30:70, utilizando-se o bagaço de cana como volumoso e ração concentrada composta de farelo de soja (8%, milho grão moído (88%, suplemento mineral e vitamínico (3% e uréia (1%. Estas dietas foram fornecidas aos bovinos duas vezes ao dia (8 h e 16 h. Os animais foram confinados por um período de 95 dias, compreendendo 14 dias de adaptação e três períodos experimentais de 27 dias. Estes foram pesados em jejum de sólidos de 16 horas no inicio do experimento e ao final de cada período de 27 dias. Ao final do experimento, os animais foram abatidos em frigorífico comercial, mensurando-se os componentes não carcaça (peso do sangue, pés, couro, cabeça, cauda, órgãos, gordura retirada na toailete (pelanca, aparelho gastro-intestinal (faringe, esôfago, estômago e intestinos e as características de carcaça (rendimento de carcaça quente, rendimento de carcaça fria, comprimento de carcaça, comprimento de perna, espessura de coxão, perímetro de perna, comprimento de braço, espessura de braço perímetro de braço, peso do dianteiro e peso do traseiro e conformação. Foi colhida amostra da secção HH para avaliação da percentagem de osso, músculo e gordura e posterior utilização do músculo Longissimus dorsi para avaliação de espessura de gordura de cobertura

Study on the bioaccumulation of Polonium-210 on bivalve indicator organisms of Tamilnadu and Pondicherry coast (East Coast of India)

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Syed Mohamed, H.E.; Sadiq Bukhari, A.; Meeramaideen, M.; Masilamani, V.; Shamsudin, Mohamed; Shahul Hameed, P.

2012-01-01

210 Po is a major contributor (90%) of the natural radiation dose from alpha-emitting radionuclides, received by most marine organisms. Among marine organisms, benthic fauna are superior to many other biological groups, since they could be monitored due to their sedentary habits and then must either adapt to environmental stress or perish. They also reflect the water conditions not only at the time of sampling but also for some past time as well. The affinity of 210 Po for protein enables it to pass through the food chain, and increased body burdens of 210 Po have been found where diets include protein-rich meat and seafood. The present study was launched to evaluate the rate of accumulation of 210 Po in the benthic bivalve molluscs such as Perna indica, P.viridis, Meretrix casta, Cardium coronatum, Gafrarium tumidum, Paphia textrix, Vellorita cyprinodea and Pinctada sp., of Tamilnadu and Pondicherry coast. Water samples, sediments and bivalves were collected from Gulf of Mannar (6 sampling stations), Palk Strait (8 sampling stations) of Tamilnadu and Pondicherry (6 sampling stations). 210 Po determination as made was as per standard protocols. The results showed that 210 Po concentration in coastal waters of Gulf of Mannar, Palk Strait and Pondicherry ranged 0.5 - 2.83 mBq/l (mean 1.33 mBq/I), 2.14 - 32.14 mBq/l (mean 15.3 mBq/l) and 1.36 - 2.0 mBq/1 (mean 1.59 mBq/1) respectively. The sediments maintained higher level of 210 Po (mean value of 3.62 Bq/kg in Gulf of Mannar, 107.9 Bq/kg in Palk Strait and 3.0 Bq/kg in Pondicherry) than water. The 210 Po rich sediment therefore serves as a vital link in the transfer of Polonium from water to the marine organisms. The concentration of 210 Po in eight species of bivalves collected from the study area, recorded a maximum level ranging from 65.2 to 2668.9 Bq/kg in soft tissues and from 1.19 to 15.3 Bq/kg in shells. The bioaccumulation ability in bivalve species with reference to 210 Po was observed to be highly variable

Divergências morfométricas entre populações isoladas de Melipona subnitida Ducke (Hymenoptera: Apidae no semiárido

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José Aldenor de Souza

2014-12-01

Full Text Available Este trabalho teve por objetivo realizar um estudo morfométrico desta espécie de abelha criada em condições artificiais no semiárido brasileiro, com a finalidade de verificar divergência em sua morfologia, de forma a identificar possíveis variações dessa espécie. As abelhas foram coletadas de criadores de abelhas sem ferrão distintos, de duas localidades sendo uma delas o município de São João do Rio do Peixe, Paraíba-PB, sob as coordenadas: lat. 06° 43' 44" S e long. 38° 26' 56" W. E a outra no município de Mossoró sob as coordenadas lati. 5°03'40’’ S, long. 37º23'51’ W. Distantes 262 quilômetros entre si. O período da pesquisa compreendeu os meses de dezembro de 2012 a janeiro do ano de 2013. Foram avaliados 200 cortiços, e identificados 30 de maior percentual de produção, de onde foram selecionados aleatoriamente 10 para nível de coletas dos insetos em cada localidade. Foram coletadas 60 abelhas operárias, sendo 3 abelhas referentes a cada cortiço. Os parâmetros avaliados dentro do estudo morfométrico foram: Comprimento Transversal, Comprimento Longitudinal, Pernas Coletoras Asas Anteriores Asas Posteriores e Peso por Inseto. Em relação a características avaliadas foram constatadas diferenças significativas entre todas quando se trata dos indivíduos das duas localidades. Corroborando a existência de variabilidade morfométricas entre as localidades. Na análise discriminante obtida para classificação de indivíduos entre as localidades, o município de são João do Rio do Peixe obteve uma taxa de classificação Correta de 100,0%, já para Mossoró a taxa foi de 96,67%, sendo que a média geral foi de 98,33%. Pela validação cruzada, estas localidade tiveram, respectivamente, identificação correta de seus indivíduos com taxas de 100% e 93,33%. A média geral da validação cruzada foi de 96,97%. As variações de tamanho encontradas neste trabalho constatadas pela morfometria demonstram que as

Qualidade de carnes provenientes de cortes da carcaça de cordeiros e de ovinos adultos Quality of meats from cuts of lamb and adult sheep carcasses

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Rafael Silvio Bonilha Pinheiro

2009-09-01

Full Text Available Com o objetivo de estudar as características qualitativas da carne de ovinos de diferentes categorias quanto aos músculos dos cortes da carcaça (paleta, lombo e perna, utilizaram-se 18 ovinos ½ Ile de France ½ Ideal (seis cordeiros não-castrados, seis ovelhas de descarte e seis machos adultos castrados. Os animais foram criados em pasto de capim-tifton 85 e receberam suplementação (concentrado. Os cordeiros foram abatidos aos 32 kg, com aproximadamente 5 meses de idade, e as ovelhas e os machos adultos castrados, com 55 kg e aos 60 meses de idade. Não houve diferenças nos valores de pH 45 minutos e pH 24 horas entre as categorias animais e nos músculos dos cortes da carcaça. A idade de abate influenciou a luminosidade da carne de todos os músculos. O teor de vermelho não diferiu entre os animais adultos, mas foi superior aos valores obtidos na carne dos cordeiros. A carne de animais adultos é mais escura que a de cordeiros. As perdas por cocção no músculo Triceps brachii são maiores que no Longissimus lumborum e Semimembranosus. Os valores de pH e a capacidade de retenção de água são similares entre as categorias animais.Eighteen ½ Ile de France ½ Polwarth sheep (6 no castrated lambs, 6 discarded ewes and 6 discarded wethers were used to evaluate qualitative traits of meat from different categories of sheep for muscle cuts (shoulder, loin and leg. The animals were raised in grazing system with tifton-85 pastures and supplemented with concentrate. Lambs were slaughtered at 32 kg body weight, close to 5 months of age. Ewes and wethers were slaughtered with 55 kg and 60 months of age. There were no differences in pH45mim and pH24h values among different animal categories and muscles of carcass cuts. There was difference in meat luminosity between lambs and adult animals, considering all the evaluated muscles. The red level did not differ between adult categories, but it was higher than values observed in lambs. In

Adaptações neuromusculares de flexores dorsais e plantares a duas semanas de imobilização após entorse de tornozelo Dorsiflexor and plantarflexor neuromuscular adaptations at two-week immobilization after ankle sprain

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Bruno Manfredini Baroni

2010-10-01

Full Text Available INTRODUÇÃO: A entorse de tornozelo é uma lesão de alta incidência comumente tratada com períodos de imobilização, levando a adaptações estruturais e funcionais dos músculos atuantes nesta articulação. OBJETIVO: Identificar as adaptações dos músculos flexores dorsais e flexores plantares após duas semanas de imobilização em sujeitos que sofreram entorse de tornozelo. MÉTODOS: Onze indivíduos (seis mulheres e cinco homens acometidos por entorse de tornozelo grau II foram submetidos a 14 dias de imobilização por tala gessada. Após a retirada da imobilização, foram realizadas avaliações bilaterais de (1 perimetria da perna, (2 amplitude de movimento (ADM do tornozelo, (3 torque isométrico máximo de flexores dorsais e flexores plantares em sete ângulos do tornozelo e (4 ativação eletromiográfica dos músculos tibial anterior (TA, sóleo (SO e gastrocnêmio medial (GM. Os resultados obtidos no segmento imobilizado foram comparados com os do segmento saudável contralateral através de um teste t de Student pareado (p INTRODUCTION: Ankle sprains are a kind of injury with high incidence that is usually treated with an immobilization period, leading to structural and functional adaptation in the muscles around this joint. PURPOSE: To identify the dorsiflexor and plantarflexor muscles adaptations after two weeks of immobilization in subjects who suffered ankle sprain. METHODS: Eleven subjects (six women and five men who suffered a second degree ankle sprain underwent 14 days of ankle joint immobilization with a plaster cast. After removal of the plaster cast, the following bilaterally evaluations were obtained: (1 leg circumference; (2 ankle joint range of motion (ROM; (3 maximal isometric torque of plantar and dorsiflexors obtained in seven different angles; and (4 electromyographic signals of the tibialis anterior (TA, gastrocnemius medialis (GM and soleus (SO muscles. Results obtained in the immobilized side were

Características de carcaça de cordeiros Ideal e cruzas Border Leicester X Ideal submetidos a três sistemas alimentares Carcass characteristics of Polwarth and Border Leicester crossbred lambs in three feed systems

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Henrique Silla Lopes de Almeida

2006-10-01

Full Text Available O experimento foi realizado com intuito de avaliar o efeito do cruzamento entre as raças Ideal e Border Leicester sobre as características da carcaça de cordeiros submetidos a distintos sistemas alimentares. Foram utilizados 48 cordeiros, machos não castrados, desmamados em média aos 60 dias de idade, sendo: 16 da raça Ideal (I, 16 cruzados ½ Border Leicester ½ Ideal (BI e 16 cruzados ¾ Border Leicester ¼ Ideal (BBI, aleatoriamente distribuídos em três sistemas de alimentação: pastagem cultivada (PC, pastagem cultivada + suplementação (PCS e pastagem natural + suplementação (PNS. O abate ocorreu quando os animais atingiram 65% do peso vivo adulto de seu grupo genético. Houve interação significativa entre genótipos e sistemas de alimentação somente para a variável peso de costela. Foi verificado efeito significativo do cruzamento para as variáveis peso de carcaça quente (PCQ, rendimento de carcaça quente (RCQ, peso de carcaça fria (PCF, rendimento de carcaça fria (RCF, área de olho de lombo (AOL, pesos de paleta (PAL e peso perna (PER. O cruzamento entre as raças Border Leicester e Ideal resultou em pesos e rendimentos de carcaça superiores e redução da deposição de gordura nas carcaças.The experiment was carried out to study the effect of crossing Border Leicester and Polwarth breeds on carcass characteristics of lambs submitted to different feed systems. Forty-eight lambs, non-castrate males, weaned averaging 60 days of age were used: 16 Polwarth (P, 16 ½ Border Leicester ½ Polwarth (BP and 16 ¾ Border Leicester ¼ Ideal (BBP. Animals were randomly distributed in three feed systems: cultivated pasture (CP, cultivated pasture + supplementation (CPS and natural pasture + supplementation (NPS. The lambs were slaughtered when they reached 65% of the adult live weight of their genetic groups. Genotype X feed systems interaction was observed only for rib weight. It was verified significant effect of the

Assessment of micro, macro, toxic elements (Cd, Hg, Pb) and fatty acids profile in consumed fish commercially available in Cananeia and Cubatao, Sao Paulo State

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Curcho, Michel Rodrigues da Silva Morales

2009-01-01

Aside from their nutritional importance, fish are considered one of the most important bio indicators in aquatic systems for the estimation of pollution levels by toxic metals. This is so, since fish can bio accumulate these elements and they occupy different trophic levels and present different sizes and age. The purpose of the present study was to contribute with important data for the knowledge of nutritional and toxic constituents in muscles of the most consumed fish species from two coastal regions, Cananeia and Cubatao. Cananeia fish species analyzed were: Micropogonias furnieri (Corvina), Macrodon ancylodon (Pescada), Centropomus undecimalis (Robalo peba) and Mugil platanus (Tainha). From Cubatao, Micropogonias furnieri (Corvina), Macrodon ancylodon (Pescada), Menticirrhus americanus (Perna de moca), Sardella braziliensis (Sardinha) and Mugil liza (Tainha). For this study, analytical methodologies were developed and validated, regarding precision and accuracy, by means of certified reference materials. Micronutrients (Ca, Fe, K, Na, Se and Zn) and some trace elements (As, Br, Co, Cr, Rb) in fish muscle were determined by means of neutron activation analysis (NAA). Cold Vapor Atomic Absorption Spectrometry (CV AAS) was used for total Hg determination and Electrothermal Atomic Absorption Spectrometry (ET AAS) for Cd and Pb determinations. Proximate composition determinations according to AOAC methodologies and fatty acids profiles by gas chromatography were done in these muscle fish samples. Regarding fatty acids profile from the ω-6 family, Tainha species pool presented the highest values (8.9%) and Pescada species pool the lowest ones (4.4%) for Cananeia species. Fatty acids from the ω-3 family, Sardinha pool species presented the highest values (31.8%) for all species analyzed. Regarding micronutrients content great concentration variations between individual of the same species and between different species were observed. Discriminate analysis was used

Níveis de Energia e Relações Energia: Proteína para Frangos de Corte de 22 a 42 dias de Idade Energy Levels and Metabolizable Energy: Protein Ratio for Male Broiler Chicks from 22 to 42 Days of Age

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José Humberto Vilar da Silva

2001-12-01

Full Text Available Níveis de energia metabolizável (EM de 2900, 3100 e 3300 kcal e relações energia: proteína (EM: PB de 128, 148, 168 e 188 kcal/%PB foram avaliados em frangos de corte machos de 22 a 42 dias de idade, distribuídos ao acaso em um esquema fatorial 3 x 4, com quatro repetições de 18 aves por tratamento. O aumento da relação EM: PB apresentou efeito linear decrescente sobre consumo de ração, peso vivo aos 42 dias, ganho de peso, consumo de proteína, consumo de energia metabolizável, peso da carcaça, peso da carne de peito, peso de pernas (coxa+sobrecoxa e elevou linearmente a porcentagem de gordura abdominal na carcaça em todos os níveis de energia. A relação EM: PB de 148 (20,95% PB dentro do nível de EM de 3100 kcal atende às exigências de ótimo crescimento de frangos de corte de 22 a 42 dias de idade, enquanto a relação EM: PB de 188 dentro de todos os níveis de energia estudados se mostrou inadequada. Em virtude do aumento do custo da ração, a redução da relação EM: PB, em rações práticas, deve ser avaliada para otimizar o modelo de produção em que a qualidade da carcaça também deve ser considerada.Levels of metabolizable energy (ME of 2,900, 3,100 and 3,300 kcal and energy to protein ratio (EM: PB of 128, 148, 168 and 188 kcal/%CP were evaluated with male broiler chicks from 22 to 42 days of age, assigned to a completely randomized 3 x 4 factorial design, where each treatment had four replications of 18 birds. Increasing the ME: CP ratio resulted in linear decreasing effect on feed intake, live weight, weight gain, crude protein intake, energy intake, carcass weight, breast meat weight, drumsticks weight and linearly increased abdominal fat percentage within each level of energy. The 148 ME:CP ratio (20,95% CP in the level of 3100 kcal ME met the broilers requirements to optimum growth from 22 to 42 days of age, while 188 ME:CP ratio was inadequate. Because of the high costs, decreasing EM: PB ratio must be

Assessment of micro, macro, toxic elements (Cd, Hg, Pb) and fatty acids profile in consumed fish commercially available in Cananeia and Cubatao, Sao Paulo State; Avaliacao de micro e macroelementos, elementos toxicos (Cd, Hg e Pb) e acidos graxos, em peixes disponiveis comercialmente para consumo em Cananeia e Cubatao, Estado de Sao Paulo

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Curcho, Michel Rodrigues da Silva Morales

2009-07-01

Aside from their nutritional importance, fish are considered one of the most important bio indicators in aquatic systems for the estimation of pollution levels by toxic metals. This is so, since fish can bio accumulate these elements and they occupy different trophic levels and present different sizes and age. The purpose of the present study was to contribute with important data for the knowledge of nutritional and toxic constituents in muscles of the most consumed fish species from two coastal regions, Cananeia and Cubatao. Cananeia fish species analyzed were: Micropogonias furnieri (Corvina), Macrodon ancylodon (Pescada), Centropomus undecimalis (Robalo peba) and Mugil platanus (Tainha). From Cubatao, Micropogonias furnieri (Corvina), Macrodon ancylodon (Pescada), Menticirrhus americanus (Perna de moca), Sardella braziliensis (Sardinha) and Mugil liza (Tainha). For this study, analytical methodologies were developed and validated, regarding precision and accuracy, by means of certified reference materials. Micronutrients (Ca, Fe, K, Na, Se and Zn) and some trace elements (As, Br, Co, Cr, Rb) in fish muscle were determined by means of neutron activation analysis (NAA). Cold Vapor Atomic Absorption Spectrometry (CV AAS) was used for total Hg determination and Electrothermal Atomic Absorption Spectrometry (ET AAS) for Cd and Pb determinations. Proximate composition determinations according to AOAC methodologies and fatty acids profiles by gas chromatography were done in these muscle fish samples. Regarding fatty acids profile from the {omega}-6 family, Tainha species pool presented the highest values (8.9%) and Pescada species pool the lowest ones (4.4%) for Cananeia species. Fatty acids from the {omega}-3 family, Sardinha pool species presented the highest values (31.8%) for all species analyzed. Regarding micronutrients content great concentration variations between individual of the same species and between different species were observed. Discriminate analysis

Eficiência de vestimentas hidrorrepelentes novas na proteção do tratorista em pulverizações de agrotóxicos em goiaba com o turbopulverizador Efficiency of new clothes waterrepelent in the protection of the tractor-driver in pesticide spraying in guava orchards with the air-assisted sprayer

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Matheus Bellini Tácio

2008-03-01

Full Text Available Os objetivos do trabalho foram: quantificar as exposições dérmicas e respiratórias potenciais proporcionadas ao tratorista em pulverizações de agrotóxicos, na cultura de goiaba, com o turbopulverizador; avaliar a eficiência de duas vestimentas de proteção individual; avaliar a segurança e classificar estas condições de trabalho em seguras ou inseguras para cada agrotóxico considerado. A exposição dérmica potencial proporcionada ao tratorista pela condição de trabalho foi de 3.807,3 mL de calda/7h. A eficiência do conjunto de proteção individual Agro Light foi de 96,7 %, e a do Azeredo, 96,2 %. A exposição dérmica potencial nas regiões do corpo mais expostas do tratorista à pulverização, em ordem decrescente, foram os pés, os braços, as coxas+pernas-frente e o tronco-atrás. A exposição dérmica não-controlada pelos conjuntos de proteção individual foi igualmente distribuída em todas as regiões do corpo do tratorista devido aos controles das exposições dérmicas que proporcionaram às regiões mais expostas do corpo. Foram classificadas como seguras as pulverizações de três dos 17 agrotóxicos considerados e sete com o uso das vestimentas de proteção individual. As demais foram classificadas como inseguras.The objectives were to quantify potential dermal and respiratory exposure of the tractor-driver during spraying in guava orchards with the air-assisted sprayer, to evaluate the efficiency of two types of personal protective equipment (PPE, and to classify these working conditions as safe or unsafe for each pesticide studied. The potential dermal exposure of the tractor driver was 3,807.349 mL of spray/6h. The efficiency in the control of dermal exposure was 96.7% for the Agro Light set and 96.2% for the Azeredo set. The feet, arms, thighs front legs and back trunk were the areas most exposed in the absence of protective measures, while exposure was generalized over the body when the PPE was used. The

Propriedades físico-químicas e sensoriais de embutidos fermentados formulados com diferentes proporções de carne suína e de ovelhas de descarte Physico-chemical and sensorial properties of fermented sausages formulated with different proportions of meat from swine and culling ewes

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Poliana François

2009-12-01

Full Text Available Avaliou-se a inclusão de diferentes níveis de carne de ovelhas de descarte (animais Texel × Ile de France com idade superior a seis anos em relação à carne suína sobre a qualidade de embutidos fermentados do tipo salame. Os embutidos foram elaborados com 0, 15, 35, 55 ou 75% de carne da perna, paleta e pescoço das ovelhas, acrescidos de pernil suíno e 10% de toucinho suíno. A evolução do pH e da atividade de água (a w foi avaliada nos dias zero, três, sete e 14 após o embutimento. Após a maturação dos salames, foram determinadas, ainda, a perda de peso, a qualidade microbiológica e as características sensoriais dos embutidos prontos. A inclusão de carne ovina na formulação não alterou a evolução do pH e a w. Entretanto, influenciou (PThe influence of including different proportions of meat from swine and culling ewes on the quality of fermented sausage type salami was evaluated. Five different formulations were prepared containing 0, 15, 35, 55, or 75% of meat from leg, shoulder, and neck of the ewes, added of swine meat and 10% of swine fat. Evolution of pH and water activity (a w was evaluated on days 0, 3, 7, and 14 of the maturation period. After that, it was still determined the weight loss, microbiological quality, and the sensorial features of the sausages. The inclusion of sheep meat in the formulation did not changed pH and a w evolution. However, differences in final values of pH, a w, and weight loss were found (P<0.05. Sausages with sheep meat in the formulation had lower pH than that without sheep meat. The control sausage (0% sheep meat also showed lower a w and a greater weight loss than sausage with 15% of sheep meat. All formulations attended the actual legislation about microbiological quality. In the sensorial analysis, the sausage prepared with 15% of sheep meat in the formulation was considered better than that formulated just with swine meat in relation to color, flavor, and texture features

Twenty-four-week effects of liraglutide on body composition, adherence to appetite, and lipid profile in overweight and obese patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus

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Rondanelli M

2016-03-01

Full Text Available Mariangela Rondanelli,1 Simone Perna,1 Paolo Astrone,2 Annalisa Grugnetti,2 Sebastiano Bruno Solerte,2 Davide Guido3,4 1Endocrinology and Nutrition Unit, Section of Human Nutrition, Department of Public Health, Experimental and Forensic Medicine, Agency for Elderly People Services, Santa Margherita Hospital, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy; 2Section of Geriatrics and Gerontology, Department of Internal Medicine, Agency for Elderly People Services, Santa Margherita Hospital, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy; 3Medical and Genomics Statistics Unit, Department of Brain and Behavioral Sciences, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy; 4Biostatistics and Clinical Epidemiology Unit, Department of Public Health, Experimental and Forensic Medicine, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy Background: Liraglutide has well-known effects on glucose patterns. However, its several other metabolic properties are still controversial. Given this background, the aims of the present study are to evaluate the effects of 24-week liraglutide treatment on body composition, appetite, and lipid profile in overweight and obese type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM patients. Methods: A cohort study was carried out on overweight and obese T2DM patients with glycosylated hemoglobin A1c equal to 6% (42 mmol/mol-10% (86 mmol/mol, under a 3-month treatment (at least with maximal dose of metformin as stable regime, by adding liraglutide at doses up to 3 mg/d. Body composition markers were measured by dual-energy X-ray densitometry at baseline and after 24 weeks of liraglutide treatment. Glucose control was monitored by glucose, glycosylated hemoglobin A1c, insulin, and homeostasis model assessment. Finally, the appetite sensation and plasma lipids were also evaluated. Results: Twenty-eight subjects (male/female: 16/12, mean age: 58.75±9.33 years, body mass index: 34.13±5.46 kg/m2 were evaluated. Accounting for the adjustment for age, sex, and duration of diabetes, we noted significant

Características produtivas e imunológicas de frangos de corte submetidos a dietas suplementadas com cromo, criados sob diferentes condições de ambiente Productive and immunological traits of broiler chickens fed diets supplemented with chromium, reared under different environmental conditions

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Alexandre Oba

2012-05-01

Full Text Available Objetivou-se avaliar o desempenho, a resposta imune e as características de carcaça de frangos de corte alimentados com dietas suplementadas com cromo complexado a levedura (Saccharomyces cerevisae, criados em diferentes condições de temperatura. O experimento foi conduzido em câmaras climáticas com sistema de aquecimento e refrigeração, utilizando-se as seguintes condições de temperatura, de acordo com as idades: 1 a 3 dias (35, 35 e 35 ºC ± 2, 4 a 7 dias (35, 30, 25 ºC ± 2, 8 a 14 dias (34, 27 e 20 ºC ± 2, 15 a 21 dias (33, 26 e 18 ºC ± 2 e de 22 a 47 dias (32, 26 e 18 ºC ± 2, respectivamente, para temperatura quente, termoneutra e fria. As dietas foram suplementadas com 0, 400, 800, 1.200 μg Cr/kg. A suplementação de 400 μg Cr/kg melhora a viabilidade e, em aves mantidas em temperatura quente, a conversão alimentar, enquanto a temperatura de criação mostrou ter grande influência sobre as características produtivas em todas as fases de criação. As aves criadas em temperatura quente apresentam melhor resposta imune, maior rendimento de carcaça e pernas e resultados inferiores de desempenho e rendimento de peito.The objective of this experiment was to evaluate performance, immune response and traits concerning carcass and poultry cuts of broiler chickens fed diets supplemented with chromium-yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisae, reared under different environmental temperature conditions. Birds were reared in climate chambers with heating and cooling system, using the following environmental temperatures according to ages: from 1 to 3 days of age (35, 35 and 35 ºC ± 2, from 4 to 7 days of age (35, 30 and 25 ºC ± 2, from 8 to 14 days old (34, 27 and 20 ºC ± 2, from 15 to 21 days of age (33, 26 and 18 ºC ± 2 and from 22 to 47 days of age (32, 26 and 18 ºC ± 2, respectively, for high, thermoneutral and low temperatures. Diets were supplemented with 0; 400; 800; and 1,200 μg Cr/kg. Supplementation with 400 μg Cr

Schwannoma do forame magno: revisão e relato de caso Foramen magnum schwannoma: review of the literature and report of a case

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Marcelo Souto Nacif

2005-02-01

Full Text Available Os autores relatam um volumoso schwannoma cervical de apresentação incomum, numa paciente do sexo feminino, 53 anos de idade, que em fevereiro de 2002 apresentou queixa de fraqueza progressiva, iniciada há três anos, com dificuldade de mobilização das pernas e braços. Antes da cirurgia foi realizada ressonância magnética da região cervical. No exame físico apresentava postura com aumento da base de sustentação, marcha instável e paraparética, além de diminuição da força nos quatro membros, maior à esquerda, associada a dispnéia. Na ressonância magnética cervical evidenciou-se lesão expansiva extramedular de limites bem definidos, na altura de C1 e C2. Na cirurgia, o volumoso tumor encontrava-se ântero-lateralmente à medula, aderido à raiz esquerda de C1, estendendo-se superiormente através do forame magno, com localização extradural. O diagnóstico de schwannoma foi confirmado pela histopatologia. A paciente evoluiu satisfatoriamente, com melhora progressiva da hemiparesia e hemiparestesia esquerda. A ressonância magnética possibilita a detecção e avaliação da lesão, porém o diagnóstico definitivo só é feito com o exame histopatológico. Dessa forma, o diagnóstico precoce através da ressonância magnética e a exérese cirúrgica tornam-se a melhor forma de abordagem, com bom prognóstico.The authors report an unusual presentation of a voluminous neck schwannoma in a 53-year-old female that presented with a three-year history of progressive weakness associated with impaired movement of the limbs. Neurological examination revealed postural instability, unstable and paraparetic gait, tetraparesis and dyspnea. A preoperative magnetic resonance imaging of the neck revealed an expansive, extradural, well-circumscribed lesion, with soft-tissue attenuation, at the level of C1-C2 vertebral bodies. During surgery, the tumor was found to be extradural, lateral to the cervical spinal cord, attached to the C1 left

CARCASS AND MEAT CHARACTERISTICS OF YOUNG STEERS AND HEIFERS, FINISHED WITH SUPPLEMENTATION ON CULTIVATED PASTURE CARACTERÍSTICAS DE CARCAÇA E DA CARNE DE NOVILHOS E NOVILHAS SUPERJOVENS, TERMINADOS COM SUPLEMENTAÇÃO EM PASTAGEM CULTIVADA

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Fabiano Nunes Vaz

2010-04-01

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The objective of the study was to evaluate the carcass and meat characteristics of young castrated steers and heifers. Twelve animals of each sex were used, fed during growth with energetic supplementation on Lolium multiflorum + Avena strigosa cultivated pasture, and finished on Pennisetum purpureum, and slaughtered at fourteen months of age. Farm live weight hot carcass and weight were higher for steers, being of 365.8 and 203.4 kg, respectively, than for heifers being 310.3 and 168.6 kg, in the same order.  Males were superior in carcass length (118.1 vs. 111.3 cm, leg length (69.2 vs. 64.1 cm and in the longissimus dorsi area (58.0 vs. 52.4 cm2. No difference was observed for subcutaneous fat thickness, but heifers showed meat with better marbling (5.58 points than the males (3.67 points. No differences for sensorial and organoleptical characteristics were observed between the two sexes. In conclusion,   excepting relation to weight, young heifers have carcass and meat characteristics similar to males.

KEY WORDS: Beef cattle, Hereford x Nellore, meat tenderness, cultivated pasture, sex.

Este trabalho teve como objetivo estudar as características de carcaça e da carne de novilhos castrados e novilhas superjovens. Foram usados doze animais de cada sexo, recriados com suplementação energética sobre pastagem cultivada de Lolium multiflorum + Avena strigosa e terminados em pastagem cultivada de Pennisetum purpureum, onde permaneceram até o abate aos quatorze meses de idade. Os pesos de fazenda e de carcaça quente foram superiores nos machos, sendo de 365,8 e 203,4 kg, respectivamente, enquanto as fêmeas apresentaram 310,3 e 168,6 kg, citados na mesma ordem. Os machos foram superiores nos comprimentos de carcaça (118,1 vs. 111,3 cm e de perna (69,2 vs. 64,1 cm e na área de Longissimus dorsi (58,0 vs. 52,4 cm². Não houve diferença na espessura de gordura subcutânea da carcaça, mas as fêmeas apresentaram carne mais

Substituição do milho pelo resíduo de fecularia de mandioca sobre o desempenho, digestibilidade e características de carcaça de novilhos confinados - DOI: 10.4025/actascianimsci.v31i4.6093 Replacing corn with cassava starch by-products on the performance, digestibility and carcass characteristics of bulls in confinement - DOI: 10.4025/actascianimsci.v31i4.6093

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Maribel Velandia Valero

2009-10-01

Full Text Available O efeito de substituição do milho pelo resíduo desidratado de fecularia de mandioca (0; 12,5; 22,8 e 32,7% foi avaliado sobre o desempenho, a digestibilidade e características de carcaça e 32 bovinos mestiços (½ Nelore x ½ Angus de aproximadamente 18 meses de idade e 380 kg de peso vivo. O delineamento experimental foi o inteiramente casualizado, com quatro tratamentos e oito repetições. Foram analisados o ganho médio diário (GMD, rendimento de carcaça (RC, espessura de gordura de cobertura (EGC, área de olho de lombo (AOL, comprimento de perna (CP, espessura de coxão (EC, ingestão de matéria seca (IMS, conversão alimentar (CA, digestibilidade total aparente da matéria seca (DAMS, matéria orgânica (DAMO, proteína bruta (DAPB, energia bruta (DAEB, fibra em detergente ácido (DAFDA e fibra em detergente neutro (DAFDN. O experimento foi desenvolvido durante um período de 56 dias, após 14 dias de adaptação. Os resultados de GMD, RC, CA, EGC, AOL, CP e EC não apresentaram diferenças (p > 0,05 entre os tratamentos. A IMS apresentou redução linear quando o milho foi substituído pelo resíduo desidratado de fecularia de mandioca. Os coeficientes de digestibilidade da MS, MO, PB, EB, FDN e FDA não variaram entre as rações experimentais.The effects of replacing corn with different levels of cassava starch by-products (0, 12.5, 22.8, and 32.7% were evaluated on performance, digestibility and carcass traits of feedlot bulls. Thirty-two crossbred bulls (½ Nelore x ½ Angus around 18 months of age and 380 kg of body weight were used. A completely randomized design was used, with 4 treatments and 8 replicates. Evaluated traits were: average daily gain (ADG, carcass dressing (CD, backfat thickness (BT, Longissimus area (LDA, leg length (LL and cushion thickness (CT, dry matter intake (DMI, feed conversion ratio (FCR, total apparent digestibility of dry matter (DMDC, organic matter (OMDC, crude protein (CPDC, crude energy (CEDC

Revisão das espécies de Melipona do grupo fuliginosa (Hymenoptera, Apoidea, Apidae, Meliponini Revision of the species of Melipona of the fuliginosa group (Hymenoptera, Apoidea, Apidae, Meliponini

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João M. F. Camargo

2008-09-01

Full Text Available Três espécies são reconhecidas: Melipona (Michmelia fuliginosa Lepeletier, 1836, de larga distribuição, do Suriname e Guiana Francesa até o sudeste do Brasil e noroeste da Argentina, M. (Michmelia titania Gribodo, 1893 (revalidado, endêmica do oeste da Amazônia, e M. (Michmelia fallax sp. nov., do noroeste do Equador até a América Central. Melipona fuliginosa distingue-se pela pilosidade dos tergos metassomáticos II-V, tanto do macho como da operária, densa e plumosa, e pelo primeiro tarsômero da perna III do macho mais largo que longo. Em M. titania e M. fallax sp. nov., a pilosidade dos tergos II-V é escassa e simples, não-plumosa, e o primeiro tarsômero tão longo quanto largo ou mais longo que largo. Operárias de Melipona titania e M. fallax sp. nov. separam-se pela forma do penicilo, que é fortemente sinuoso em M. titania, e nos machos de M. fallax sp. nov. as órbitas internas dos olhos são paralelas, enquanto em M. titania as órbitas são convergentes embaixo. Novos registros geográficos, dados bionômicos e uma chave para identificação das espécies são apresentados. Adicionalmente, são feitos comentários sobre o padrão biogeográfico e sobre as glândulas tergais das rainhas.Three species are recognized: Melipona (Michmelia fuliginosa Lepeletier, 1836, widely distributed, from Suriname and French Guiana to southeastern Brazil and northwestern Argentina, M. (Michmelia titania Gribodo, 1893 (revalidated, endemic to western Amazon and M. (Michmelia fallax sp. nov., from northwestern Ecuador to Central America. Melipona fuliginosa differs from the other species by the pilosity of metasomal terga II-V, dense and plumose, in both male and workers, and the first tarsomere of leg III of the male wider than long. In M. titania and M. fallax sp. nov., the pilosity of terga II-V is scarce and simple, non-plumose, and the first tarsomere of leg III of the male is as long as wide or longer. Workers of Melipona titania and

Desempenho e medidas biométricas de caprinos de diferentes grupos raciais Performance and body measurements of purebred and crossbred goat kids at different ages

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Jakilane Jacque Leal de Menezes

2007-06-01

Full Text Available Objetivou-se avaliar o desempenho de cabritos de três grupos raciais. Foram considerados nas avaliações o peso, o ganho de peso, as medidas biométricas, a conversão alimentar e o custo de produção relativo à alimentação. Utilizaram-se 41 cabritos, machos e fêmeas, de três grupos raciais (A - Alpino; ½ BA - ½ Boer + ½ Alpino; e ¾ BA - ¾ Boer + ¼ Alpino, avaliados aos 60, 90 e 120 dias em sistema de confinamento. As médias foram comparadas por análise de variância utilizando-se o teste Tukey. O desempenho não diferiu entre os grupos raciais. O escore corporal foi maior nos animais ¾ BA, o que pode representar vantagem econômica ao produtor se esses animais forem comercializados vivos. Com o avanço da idade, houve aumento do comprimento corporal, da altura anterior, da altura posterior, do perímetro torácico, do perímetro da perna, da largura da garupa e da largura do peito. Os machos foram superiores às fêmeas quanto às medidas biométricas e quanto ao peso ao nascimento, aos 60 e aos 90 dias. Os machos Alpinos foram mais pesados aos 120 dias e apresentaram, ainda, maior ganho de peso no intervalo dos 30 aos 60 dias. O menor custo de produção relativo à alimentação por quilograma de cabrito produzido foi observado aos 90 dias de idade.The objective of this trial was to evaluate performance (weight and weight gain, body measurements, feed conversion, and production costs of purebred (Alpine and crossbred [½ Boer + ½ Alpine (½ BA and ¾ Boer + ¼ Alpine (¾ BA] goat kids at different ages (60, 90 and 120 days. Therefore, 41 kids in a feedlot system were used in this study. Data were submitted to analysis of variance using the Tukey test for comparison of means. No difference in performance was observed among the three different groups of animals (Alpine, ½ BA, and ¾ BA. Body condition score was greatest in ¾ BA kids, which may represent additional profit to producers if animals are sold alive. As expected

Efeito do cruzamento entre diferentes genótipos para uso em sistemas alternativos de frango de corte = Effect of crossing between different genotypes for use in alternative broiler systems

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Olmiro Bochi Brum

2010-04-01

Full Text Available Objetivou-se avaliar o desempenho de híbridos avícolas para atender ademanda de material genético em sistemas alternativos de criação. Foram utilizados 648 pintainhos de corte de ambos os sexos, provenientes do cruzamento entre reprodutores de corte e das raças Rhodes Island Red, White Plymouth Rock e Barred Plymouth Rock, distribuídos em seis tratamentos com seis repetições e 18 aves em cada unidade experimental, sendo o período de avaliação de um a 56 dias de idade. As características avaliadas foram: peso corporal (PC, ganho de peso (GP, consumo alimentar (CR, conversão alimentar (CA, e peso de carcaça (PCA, pernas (PCS e peito (PP. O delineamento experimental foi o inteiramente casualizado, com seis tratamentos de seis repetições cada. Foi realizado análise de variância, e quando significativo no nível de 5% de probabilidade aplicou-se o teste de Tukey. O PC aos 56 dias, bem como o GP de um a 56 dias foi significativamente inferior para híbridos oriundos do cruzamento entre machos reprodutores de corte e fêmeas White Plymouth Rock, resultado semelhante também foi encontrado nos parâmetros PCA e PCS, porém o PP não apresentou diferença significativa. Dessa forma, não se recomenda a criação do híbrido resultante deste cruzamento em sistemas alternativos.Aimed to evaluate the performance of poultry hybrids to meet demandfor genetic material in alternative systems of creation. It was used 648 chicks of both sexes from the crossing between, broilers breeders males and of races Rhodes Island Red, White Plymouth Rock and Barred Plymouth Rock, distributed in six treatments with six replicates and 18 birds in each experimental unit, being the period rating from one to 56 days of age. The caracteristics evaluated were: body weight (PC, weight gain (GP, feed intake (CR, feed conversion (CA, and carcass weight (PCA, legs (PCS and chest (PP. The experimental design was completely randomized design with six treatments with

Prevalence and clinical features associated with bipolar disorder polypharmacy: a systematic review

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Fornaro M

2016-03-01

Full Text Available Michele Fornaro,1 Domenico De Berardis,2 Ann Sarah Koshy,3 Giampaolo Perna,4 Alessandro Valchera,5 Davy Vancampfort,6 Brendon Stubbs7,8 1New York Psychiatric Institute, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA; 2National Health Service, Department of Mental Health, Psychiatric Service of Diagnosis and Treatment, Hospital “G. Mazzini”, Teramo, Italy; 3St. John’s National Academy of Health Sciences, Bangalore, India; 4Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Hermanas Hospitalarias - Villa San Benedetto Menni Hospital, FoRiPsi, 5Hermanas Hospitalarias, FoRiPsi Villa S. Giuseppe Hospital, Ascoli Piceno, Italy; 6Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; 7Physiotherapy Department, South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, 8Health Service and Population Research Department, Institute of Psychiatry, King’s College London, London, UK Background: Uncertainty exists regarding the prevalence and clinical features associated with the practice of polypharmacy in bipolar disorder (BD, warranting a systematic review on the matter.Methods: Three authors independently searched major electronic databases from inception till September 2015. Articles were included that reported either qualitative or quantitative data about the prevalence and clinical features associated with polypharmacy in adult cases of BD.Results: The operative definitions of polypharmacy adopted across varying studies varied, with concomitant use of two or more psychotropic medications or use of four or more psychotropic medications at once being the most common and the most reliable, respectively. Regardless of type or current mood episode polarity of BD, prevalence rates up to 85% and 36% were found using the most permissive (two or more medications at once and the most conservative (four or more operative definitions for polypharmacy, respectively. Point prevalence prescription rates of one or more antidepressant or antipsychotic as part of a polypharmacy

Excesso de peso e insatisfação corporal em adolescentes Obesity and body dissatisfaction amongst adolescents

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Maria Aparecida Conti

2005-08-01

Full Text Available OBJETIVO: Verificar a associação entre excesso de peso e insatisfação corporal de adolescentes de uma instituição da rede particular de ensino fundamental de Santo André, SP. MÉTODOS: Para avaliação do excesso de peso, utilizou-se o índice de massa corporal por idade e sexo, e para a avaliação da insatisfação corporal, aplicou-se a escala de satisfação das áreas corporais. RESULTADOS: Participaram do estudo 147 adolescentes, sendo 35,40% do sexo masculino e 64,60% do sexo feminino. Verificou-se que 44,23% dos meninos e 18,93% das meninas apresentaram excesso de peso; 1,92% dos meninos e 3,16% das meninas, magreza, e os demais (53,85% dos meninos e 58,98% das meninas apresentaram estado nutricional normal. Constatou-se associação estatisticamente significante entre excesso de peso e insatisfação para as áreas do estômago, cintura e peso corporal nos meninos e para as áreas do cabelo, nádegas, quadril, coxas, pernas, estômago, ombros/costas, tônus muscular, peso e aparência geral para as meninas. CONCLUSÃO: Meninas com excesso de peso apresentaram-se mais insatisfeitas com diversas áreas corporais, mas isso não ocorre com os meninos. É recomendável que instituições de ensino médio e fundamental desenvolvam atividades profiláticas voltadas para a conscientização da percepção pessoal e social do adolescente, assim como das pressões a que ele está compelido.OBJECTIVE: This study aimed at evaluating the relationship between overweight/obesity and body dissatisfaction among adolescents in a private school in Santo André, São Paulo, Brazil. METHODS: For the assessment of overweight/obesity, the body mass index for age and gender was used and for the body dissatisfaction evaluation, the body parts satisfaction scale was applied. RESULTS: One hundred and forty-seven adolescents were studied (35.40% males and 64.60% females. It was shown that 44.23% of the males and 18.93% of the females were overweight

Processing, physicochemical, and sensory analyses of ostrich meat hamburger Processamento, análise físico-química e sensorial do hambúrguer de carne de avestruz

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Vera Lúcia Ferreira de Souza

2012-09-01

Full Text Available The objective of this study was to assess the potential utilization of ostrich meat trimming in hamburger preparation, as well as its physicochemical and sensory characterization. Using ostrich meat trimmings from the legs and neck, four different formulations were prepared with varied amounts of bacon and textured soybean protein. Physical analysis of yield, shrinkage percentage, and water retention capacity and chemical analysis of proximate composition, cholesterol levels, and calories were performed. The formulations underwent sensory analysis by 52 potential ostrich meat consumers, who evaluated tenderness, juiciness, flavor, and purchase intent. The formulations containing textured soybean protein showed the highest yield, lowest shrinkage percentage, and highest water retention capacity. Lipid content varied from 0.58 to 4.99%; protein from 17.08 to 21.37%; ash from 3.00 to 3.62%; moisture from 73.87 to 76.27%; cholesterol from 22.54 to 32.11 mg.100 g-1; and calorie from 87.22 to 163.42 kcal.100 g-1. All formulations showed low cholesterol and calorie levels, even that containing 10% bacon and 3.5% textured soybean protein, which achieved the best scores and acceptance by the panelists.O objetivo deste trabalho foi verificar a potencialidade do aproveitamento tecnológico de aparas da carne de avestruz na elaboração de hambúrguer, e sua caracterização físico-química e sensorial. Com aparas de carne de avestruz, retiradas das pernas e pescoço, foram elaboradas quatro diferentes formulações de hambúrgueres, variando teores de toucinho e proteína texturizada de soja. Foram feitas análises físicas de rendimento, percentagem de encolhimento e capacidade de retenção de água; e análises químicas de composição centesimal, teores de colesterol e calorias. As formulações foram analisadas através de teste afetivo por 52 potenciais consumidores de carne de avestruz, que avaliaram a maciez, suculência, sabor e intenção de

The role of melatonin in mood disorders

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De Berardis D

2015-11-01

Full Text Available Domenico De Berardis,1–3 Laura Orsolini,3–5 Nicola Serroni,1 Gabriella Girinelli,1–3 Felice Iasevoli,3–6 Carmine Tomasetti,3–6 Monica Mazza,3–7 Alessandro Valchera,3–8 Michele Fornaro,9 Giampaolo Perna,10–12 Monica Piersanti,13Marco Di Nicola,14 Marilde Cavuto,15 Giovanni Martinotti,2 Massimo Di Giannantonio21NHS, Department of Mental Health, Psychiatric Service of Diagnosis and Treatment, Hospital "G Mazzini", Teramo, Italy; 2Department of Neuroscience, Imaging and Clinical Science, Chair of Psychiatry, University G d'Annunzio, Chieti, Italy; 3Polyedra, Teramo, Italy; 4United Hospitals, Academic Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Polytechnic University of Marche, Ancona, Italy; 5School of Life and Medical Sciences, University of Hertfordshire, Hatfield, Hertfordshire, UK; 6Laboratory of Molecular Psychiatry and Psychopharmacotherapeutics, Section of Psychiatry, Department of Neuroscience, University School of Medicine Federico II, Naples, Italy; 7Department of Health Sciences, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy; 8Villa S Giuseppe Hospital, Hermanas Hospitalarias, Ascoli Piceno, Italy; 9Department of Scienze della Formazione, University of Catania, Catania, Italy; 10Hermanas Hospitalarias, FoRiPsi, Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Villa San Benedetto Menni, Albese con Cassano, Como, Italy; 11Department of Psychiatry and Neuropsychology, University of Maastricht, Maastricht, the Netherlands; 12Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Leonard Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA; 13Hospital Pharmacy, Hospital G Mazzini, ASL 4 Teramo, Italy; 14Institute of Psychiatry and Psychology, Catholic University of Sacred Heart, Rome, Italy; 15IASM, L'Aquila, ItalyAbstract: Melatonin (N-acetyl-5-methoxytryptamine has been discovered as a hormone secreted by the pineal gland, even though it is also synthetized in various other organs, tissues, and cells. The circadian rhythm of

Estudo do metabolismo energético muscular em atletas por 31P-ERM Muscular energetic metabolism study in athletes by 31P-MRS

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Maria Gisele dos Santos

2004-04-01

Full Text Available OBJETIVO: Caracterizar as reservas energéticas de metabólitos fosforilados no músculo esquelético de atletas mediante 31P-ERM. MÉTODOS: Amostra deste estudo foi formada por 14 atletas de alto nível do Centro de Alto Rendimento Esportivo (CAR, Sant Cugat del Vallés, Espanha. O padrão de metabólitos fosforilados foi medido no músculo vasto medial por 31P-ERM. A suplementação oral foi realizada durante 14 dias, na forma de 20g de monohidrato de creatina. Os atletas foram determinados conforme as suas características físicas (peso, altura, índice de massa corporal (IMC, consumo máximo de oxigênio (VO2 Max. em dois grupos: placebo (maltodextrina e suplementação com creatina. O protocolo de exercício foi realizado no interior do túnel de ressonância (160 x 52 cm, a 60 ciclos por minuto para ambas as pernas. RESULTADOS: Os resultados demonstraram um aumento significativo da fosfocreatina (PCr durante o exercício, após o período de suplementação, denotando uma redução do seu consumo no grupo que recebeu suplementação com creatina; não houve diminuição significativa do pH intracelular e fosfato inorgânico após a suplementação. CONCLUSÃO: O protocolo de exercício realizado pelos fundistas no Centro de Diagnóstico de Pedralbes permitiu detectar mediante 31P-ERM, no grupo que foi suplementado com creatina, uma diminuição do consumo de PCr durante os períodos de exercício.BACKGROUND: The aim of this study was to characterize the muscular reservoirs of phosphorilated energetic components of athletes using 31P-MRS. METHODS: The sample was formed by 14 elite athletes from the Center for High Sportive Performance (CAR, Sant Cugat del Vallés, Spain. The pattern of the phosphorilated metabolites was measured from the muscle vastus medialis by 31P-MRS. Oral supplementation of 20 g of Creatine monohydrate was given during 14 days. Two groups of athletes were formed according to their physical characteristics (weight

Efeito protetor após sessões de exercício excêntrico: comparação entre membros superiores e inferiores The repeated bout effect: a comparison between upper and lower limbs

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Leonardo Coelho Rabello de Lima

2011-12-01

Full Text Available O objetivo foi comparar a magnitude do efeito protetor (EP contra o dano muscular (DM induzido por uma sessão de exercícios excêntricos (EEM entre os extensores do joelho e os flexores do cotovelo. Doze sujeitos do gênero masculino foram divididos em 2 grupos, braços (GB e pernas (GP, e realizaram 2 sessões de EEM. Foram coletados 3 marcadores de DM, sendo eles, pico de torque isométrico (PTI, creatina quinase (CK e percepção subjetiva de dor (PSD, antes, imediatamente após (com exceção da CK e 48 horas após cada sessão de EEM. Foi encontrada queda significante de PTI e aumento significante de CK e PSD tanto imediatamente e 48 horas após a primeira sessão de EEM para o GB. No GP houve aumento significante de CK 48 horas após os EEM e da PSD imediatamente após os EEM, decorrentes da primeira sessão. No GB, a segunda sessão apenas provocou queda de PTI imediatamente após os EEM, enquanto no GP houve aumento significante apenas na PSD imediatamente após a segunda sessão de EEM. Apenas a CK apresentou EP para ambos os grupos. Pudemos concluir que o EP foi maior para o GB em comparação com o GP. Esse fenômeno pode ter ocorrido em detrimento da existência de um EP prévio para o GP, uma vez que este membro realiza contrações excêntricas intensas com maior freqüência no dia-a-dia, quando comparados com os GB.The objective was to compare the magnitude of the repeated bout effect (RBE induced by an eccentric exercise session (EES between the knee extensors and elbow flexors. Twelve male subjects were divided into two groups, arms (AG and legs (LG, and executed two EES. We collected three markers of muscle damage, they were, isometric peak torque (IPT, creatine kinase (CK and subjective perception of pain (PSD before, immediately after (except CK and 48 hours after each EES. Significant decrease in PTI was found as well as significant increase in CK and PSD both immediately and 48 hours after the first EES for the AG. In

Estudo morfométrico do músculo sóleo de ratos da linhagem wistar pós–imobilização articular = Morphometric study of post-joint immobilization of soleus muscle on wistar lineage rats

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Sônia Maria Marques Gomes Bertolini

2010-01-01

Full Text Available Todos os tipos de imobilização contribuem para a atrofia muscular e, em apenas alguns dias, os músculos passam por diminuição de volume ou perda de função, conhecidos como atrofia. Assim, com uma ou duas semanas de imobilização, as atividades metabólicas são consideravelmente reduzidas e suas fibras musculares substituídas por tecido cicatricial fibroso denso. Dessa forma, este estudo teve como objetivo analisar o efeito da imobilização articular do músculo sóleo do membro posterior de ratos no perfil morfométrico, em diferentes períodos. Foram utilizados dez Rattus navergicus albinus machos, variedade Wistar, que foram divididos em dois grupos com cinco animais cada, sendo o primeiro grupo submetido à imobilização por sete dias e o segundo por 14 dias. O controle do experimento foi obtido a partir do membro contralateral direito do respectivo animal. A imobilização do membro posterior esquerdo foi por meio de uma órtese adaptada. A análise morfométrica do sóleo foi realizada por meio de cortes transversais não seriados de 5 μm de espessura. Foram analisadas, por meio das imagens obtidas, a área das fibras musculares, juntamente com a densidade do tecido conjuntivo, comparando-as ao Grupo-controle, referentes à perna contralateral. Com sete e 14 dias de imobilização, pode-se observar redução significativa (p All types of immobilization contribute to muscular atrophy and, in a few days, the muscles undergo volume reduction or loss of function, known as atrophy. Thus, with one or two weeks of immobilization, metabolic activities are considerably reduced and muscle fibers are replaced by dense fibrous scar tissue. This study has as objective to analyze the effect of joint immobilization of the soleus muscle of posterior members of rats on morphometric profile view, at periods of 7 and 14 days. Ten male Rattus navergicus albinus, Wistar variety, were used, separated into two groups of 5 animals each, with the first

Influência do sexo do animal e do sistema de produção nas características de carcaça de caprinos da raça Blanca Serrana Andaluza Influence of animal gender and production system on the carcass characteristics of goats of the Blanca Serrana Andaluza breed

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Roberto Germano Costa

2010-02-01

Full Text Available Objetivou-se avaliar a influência do sexo e do sistema de produção nas características de carcaça de caprinos da raça Blanca Serrana Andaluza. Foram utilizados 31 animais, 12 machos e 19 fêmeas, distribuídos nos sistemas de produção intensivo (15 animais e extensivo (16 animais. Não foi observada diferença no desempenho, no peso de carcaça e no escore corporal entre os sexos nem entre os sistemas de produção, contudo, os rendimentos de carcaça quente e fria foram maiores nos animais terminados em confinamento. As medidas de carcaça não diferiram entre os sistemas de produção, exceto o comprimento interno, que foi maior nos animais criados no sistema intensivo. O percentual dos não-constituintes da carcaça sofreu pouca variação em relação ao sexo e aos sistemas de criação avaliados. As maiores proporções de gordura perirrenal foram encontradas nas fêmeas e nos animais produzidos em confinamento. Pouca variação foi observada para os cortes paleta, pescoço e serrote, embora o percentual de perna tenha sido maior nos animais produzidos a pasto. O sistema extensivo, predominantemente usado por criadores da raça Blanca Serrana Andaluza na Espanha, permite obter carcaças com características similares às dos animais criados em confinamento e, em virtude da significativa redução dos custos com alimentação, obtida com os animais exclusivamente a pasto, pressupõe-se que esse sistema seja mais economicamente viável.The objective of this study was to evaluate the influence of gender and production system on the carcass characteristics of Blanca Serrana Andaluza goats. Thirty-one animals were used, 12 males and 19 females, distributed in intensive (15 animals and extensive (16 animals production systems. No difference was observed in performance, carcass weight and body score between the gender or production system but the hot and cold carcass yields were greater for the animals finished in a feedlot. The carcass

An innovative intervention for the treatment of cognitive impairment–Emisymmetric bilateral stimulation improves cognitive functions in Alzheimer’s disease and mild cognitive impairment: an open-label study

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Guerriero F

2015-09-01

Full Text Available Fabio Guerriero,1–3 Emanuele Botarelli,3 Gianni Mele,3 Lorenzo Polo,3 Daniele Zoncu,3 Paolo Renati,3,4 Carmelo Sgarlata,1 Marco Rollone,2 Giovanni Ricevuti,1,2 Niccolo Maurizi,1 Matthew Francis,1 Mariangela Rondanelli,5 Simone Perna,5 Davide Guido,2,6 Piero Mannu3 1Department of Internal Medicine and Medical Therapy, Section of Geriatrics, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy; 2Agency for Elderly People Services, Santa Margherita Hospital, Pavia, Italy; 3Ambra Elektron, Italian Association of Biophysics for the Study of Electromagnetic Fields in Medicine, 4Alberto Sorti Research Institute, Medicine and Metamolecular Biology, Turin, Italy; 5Department of Public Health, Experimental and Forensic Medicine, Section of Human Nutrition, Endocrinology and Nutrition Unit, 6Department of Public Health, Experimental and Forensic Medicine, Biostatistics and Clinical Epidemiology Unit, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy Background and aims: In the last decade, the development of different methods of brain stimulation by electromagnetic fields (EMF provides a promising therapeutic tool for subjects with impaired cognitive functions. Emisymmetric bilateral stimulation (EBS is a novel and innovative EMF brain stimulation, whose working principle is to introduce very weak noise-like stimuli through EMF to trigger self-arrangements in the cortex of treated subjects, thereby improving cognitive faculties. The aim of this pilot study was to investigate in patients with cognitive impairment the effectiveness of EBS treatment with respect to global cognitive function, episodic memory, and executive functions. Methods: Fourteen patients with cognitive decline (six with mild cognitive impairment and eight with Alzheimer’s disease underwent three EBS applications per week to both the cerebral cortex and auricular-specific sites for a total of 5 weeks. At baseline, after 2 weeks and 5 weeks, a neuropsychological assessment was performed through mini–mental state

Características quantitativas da carcaça de cordeiros de diferentes genótipos submetidos a duas dietas Quantitative traits of carcass from lambs of different genotypes submitted to two diets

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Felipe Queiroga Cartaxo

2011-10-01

Full Text Available Objetivou-se avaliar as características quantitativas de carcaça de cordeiros de diferentes genótipos recebendo diversos níveis de energia na dieta. Foram utilizados 54 cordeiros não-castrados, sendo 18 Santa Inês (SI, 18 F1Dorper × Santa Inês (Dp × SI e 18 F1 Santa Inês × Sem Raça Definida (SI × SRD, com idade média de 150 dias e peso médio de 22,60 kg no início do experimento. As dietas continham 17% de proteína bruta e 2,40 Mcal/kg MS ou 2,90 Mcal/kg MS. Os cordeiros alimentados com a dieta contendo 2,90 Mcal/kg MS apresentaram maior peso corporal e de carcaça, área de olho-de-lombo, percentual de gordura interna, índice de musculosidade, índice de compacidade da carcaça, percentual de gordura e menor relação músculo:gordura. As carcaças desses cordeiros obtiveram também menores perdas por resfriamento e maior peso e percentual de paleta e perna. As carcaças dos cordeiros Dorper × Santa Inês foram superiores em espessura de gordura subcutânea, medida GR (gordura sobre a 12ª costela a 11 cm de distância da linha média lombo, percentual de gordura, relação músculo:osso, índice de musculosidade, peso e percentual de lombo. Os cordeiros Santa Inês apresentaram maior relação músculo:gordura. A dieta e o genótipo influenciam as características quantitativas de carcaça de cordeiros.The objective of this study was to evaluate the quantitative carcass traits of lambs from different genotypes receiving different levels of energy in the diet. Fifty-four non-castrated lambs - 18 Santa Inês (SI, 18 F1Dorper × Santa Inês (Dp × SI and 18 F1Santa Inês × No defined breed (SI × NDB - of average 150 days old and 22.6-kg BW were used in the beginning of the experiment. Diets contained 17% crude protein and 2.40 Mcal/kg DM or 2.90 Mcal/kg DM. Lambs fed the diet containing 2.90 Mcal/kg DM showed higher final live and carcass weight, loin eye area, percentage of internal fat, muscularity index, compactness of the

An unusual chiasmal visual defect in a patient with neuromyelitis optica: case report Comprometimento quiasmático incomum em um paciente com neuromielite óptica: relato de caso

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Roberta Martins da Silva Costa

2007-02-01

Full Text Available PURPOSE: To report the unusual visual field finding due to a chiasmal neuritis in a 33-year-old female with the diagnosis of optic neuromyelitis optica (Devic's syndrome. METHODS: We report a case of a 33 years old female with limb paraesthesias, weakness in the legs, bowel and bladder dysfunction that was referred to the "Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto da Universidade de São Paulo" in October 1995. Six years and four months later she had an acute visual involvement. Ophthalmologic examination, laboratory studies, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI and a 24-2 threshold visual field in the Humphrey field analyzer were performed. RESULTS: The MRI scan showed enlargement and cavitation on the spinal cord and chiasmal involvement (thickening of the chiasm with contrast enhancement and no demyelinating lesions in the brain, brainstem, or cerebellum. The central 24-degree threshold field examination showed an inferior visual field defect bitemporally, disclosing a chiasmal involvement. CONCLUSION: Chiasmal involvement may occur in neuromyelitis optica, probably due to a plaque within the chiasm. The authors call attention to the importance of visual field examination with particular regard to quantifying the visual impairment and follow-up of these patients.OBJETIVO: Relatar o caso de uma mulher de 33 anos de idade, com o diagnóstico de neuromielite óptica (síndrome de Devic acometendo o quiasma óptico que apresentou um escotoma incomum no exame de campo visual. MÉTODOS: Uma paciente do sexo feminino, portadora de parestesias nos membros inferiores, fraqueza nas pernas, disfunção da defecação e disfunção urinária, foi encaminhada para o Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto da Universidade de São Paulo em outubro do ano de 1995. Seis anos e quatro meses mais tarde ela sofreu acometimento visual agudo. Foram realizados exame oftalmológico completo, exame de líquor, resson

Desempenho, comportamento ingestivo e características de carcaça de cordeiros confinados submetidos a diferentes frequências de alimentação Performance, ingestive behavior and carcass characteristics of feedlot lambs submitted to different feeding frequencies

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E.L.A. Ribeiro

2011-04-01

Full Text Available Objetivou-se com este trabalho avaliar o efeito da frequência de alimentação sobre o desempenho, o comportamento ingestivo e as características de carcaça de cordeiros em confinamento. Foram utilizados 18 cordeiros mestiços Santa Inês, não-castrados, com peso corporal inicial de 22,79 ± 4,28 kg. Os animais foram confinados durante 56 dias em baias coletivas em aprisco coberto, com piso ripado, distribuídos ao acaso de acordo com a frequência de alimentação: uma, duas e três vezes/dia. A dieta (16,7% de PB e 70,3% de NDT foi a mesma para todos os grupos. O ganho de peso diário, o consumo de ração, a conversão alimentar, o comportamento ingestivo e as características de carcaça não foram afetados pela frequência de alimentação. Com exceção da largura da perna, as demais medidas biométricas realizadas nas carcaças não foram influenciadas pela frequência de alimentação. Entre os componentes do peso vivo não pertencentes à carcaça, apenas o rendimento dos intestinos cheios e o conteúdo do trato digestório foram afetados, pois foram menores nos animais com uma alimentação diária. O aumento na frequência de alimentação quando fornecidas dietas com 16,7% de PB e 70,3% de NDT não influencia o desempenho, o comportamento ingestivo e as características de carcaça de cordeiros em confinamento, assim, pode-se utilizar apenas uma alimentação ao dia.This work evaluated the effect of feeding frequencies on performance, ingestive behavior and carcass characteristics of fedlot lambs. Eighteen non-castrated Santa Inês crossbreed lambs, with initial live weight of 22.79 ± 4.28 kg were used in the experiment. The animals were confined for 56 days in collective pens in a slotted floor sheep barn. The animals were randomly distributed, according to the feeding frequency: once, twice and three times/day. The diet (16.7% of CP and 70.3% TDN was the same for all groups. The average daily gain, ration consumption, feed

Efeito da reeducação postural global no alinhamento corporal e nas condições clínicas de indivíduos com disfunção temporomandibular associada a desvios posturais Effect of global postural reeducation on body alignment and on clinical status of individuals with temporomandibular disorder associated to postural deviations

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Débora Basso

2010-03-01

Full Text Available Este estudo visou verificar o efeito da técnica de reeducação postural global (RPG nas condições físicas, psicológicas e psicossociais, assim como no alinhamento corporal, de indivíduos com disfunção temporomandibular (DTM associada a desvio postural. Participaram 20 indivíduos com DTM e com desvio postural confirmado por exame físico, avaliados, antes e depois do tratamento de RPG, pelos critérios diagnósticos de desordens temporomandibulares (RDC/TMD, na sigla em inglês e quanto às medidas angulares, por fotogrametria digital. O tratamento consistiu em 10 sessões semanais de RPG. Os resultados após o tratamento mostram, na classificação da disfunção, maior predomínio de desordens apenas musculares (em detrimento das articulares e por deslocamento de disco e redução da intensidade da dor orofacial; o percentual de indivíduos sem depressão aumentou de 10% para 35%; o percentual de indivíduos com classificação normal de sintomas físicos (excluindo itens de dor passou de 30% para 55%. Foi encontrada melhora estatisticamente significante na maioria das medidas angulares, exceto nos ângulos frontais dos membros inferiores e ângulo perna/retropé direito. O alinhamento horizontal da cabeça e as medidas de lordose cervical e lombar, com valores normais antes da RPG, não se modificaram. Conclui-se que, com o tratamento de RPG, os indivíduos apresentaram importantes melhoras dos sintomas físicos e psicológicos da DTM, assim como melhora do alinhamento e simetria corporais.The purpose of this study was to assess the effects of the technique of global postural re-education (GPR on body alignment and clinical status of individuals with temporomandibular disorder (TMD associated to postural deviations. Twenty individuals with both TMD and postural deviations confirmed by physical examination were assessed, before and after treatment, by the research diagnostic criteria for temporomandibular disorders (RDC/TMD and as to

Proposição de um critério antropométrico para suspeita diagnóstica de dismorfia muscular Proposicion de un criterio antropometrico para el diagnostico presuntivo de la dismorfia muscular Proposition of an anthropometric criterion for diagnosis suspicion of muscle dysmorphia

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Aldair José de Oliveira

2004-06-01

Full Text Available INTRODUÇÃO: A dismorfia muscular (DISMUS é uma síndrome psiquiátrica que acomete indivíduos de ambos os sexos com maior prevalência entre os homens, na qual o indivíduo percebe seu corpo como pequeno e franzino, quando na verdade é forte e musculoso. Inexistem na literatura abordagens antropométricas sobre DISMUS. OBJETIVO: Obter dados em uma população de referência para sugerir um critério antropométrico para diagnóstico da DISMUS. MÉTODOS: A amostra foi composta de 1.825 indivíduos que participaram de uma avaliação médico-funcional (1.108 homens e 717 mulheres entre os anos de 1994 e 2003, com idade superior ou igual a 15 anos, não atletas e que não apresentavam deficiência física locomotora significativa nem diagnóstico clínico de DISMUS. Foram calculados individualmente dois índices de proporcionalidade adimensionais, B/P1 e B/P2, com e sem correção pela medida de espessura de dobra cutânea, respectivamente. Estabeleceu-se como critério antropométrico para DISMUS a presença de uma razão superior a um entre os perímetros de braço contraído e flexionado e de perna associado à inexistência de três outros pontos de corte das variáveis ectomorfia, åDC (somatório das medidas de espessura das dobras cutâneas tricipital e perna medial e perímetro abdominal, esses últimos visando excluir indivíduos com valores de B/P1 e B/P2 elevados primariamente devido ao excesso de gordura corporal. RESULTADOS: Razão B/P1 > 1 foi observada em 16 indivíduos, oito em cada gênero. Analisando os outros pontos de corte, todas as mulheres puderam ser identificadas como obesas e, portanto, não portadoras de DISMUS, enquanto nos homens, sete dos oito indivíduos puderam ser enquadrados como casos sugestivos de DISMUS. CONCLUSÕES: Com base na amostra ampla e heterogênea utilizada no presente estudo, é possível sugerir um critério antropométrico como sinal de DISMUS. Outros estudos estão sendo conduzidos para

Gonyaulax taylorii, a new yessotoxins-producer dinoflagellate species from Chilean waters.

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Álvarez, Gonzalo; Uribe, Eduardo; Regueiro, Jorge; Blanco, Juan; Fraga, Santiago

2016-09-01

In summer 2009, during a survey in Bahía Mejillones, a dense bloom of a dinoflagellate from the genus Gonyaulax was detected, as well as the presence of yessotoxin. Phytoplankton samples were analyzed in detail by light and scanning electron microscopy (SEM), revealing the presence of Gonyaulax taylorii. Morphological examination showed that the cells in the bloom fit in Gonyaulax jollifei Murray et Whitting sensu Dodge, subsequently classified as Gonyaulax taylorii by Carbonell-Moore. In this context, some inconsistencies have been found in regard to the holotype; the plate 1"' appears as two plates, 1‴ and 2‴, showing a suture that does not exist in Dodge's figure of G. jollifei, from where the holotype was drawn, nor within the samples collected. Therefore, this plate has been originally described erroneously as two plates named 1"' and 2"' instead of only one named 1‴. After this correction, this species has five instead of six postcingular plates. For this reason, the description of this species must be emended. Phytoplankton net samples were found to contain yessotoxin and homoyessotoxin, with concentrations below 1pgcell -1 . The present study identifies, therefore, the dinoflagellate G. taylorii as a new source of yessotoxins. Copyright © 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Mass-specific respiration of mesozooplankton and its role in the maintenance of an oxygen-deficient ecological barrier (BEDOX) in the upwelling zone off Chile upon presence of a shallow oxygen minimum zone

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Donoso, Katty; Escribano, Ruben

2014-01-01

A shallow oxygen minimum zone (OMZ) in the coastal upwelling zone off Chile may vertically confine most zooplankton to a narrow (oxygen consumption of the mesozooplankton community obtained in Bay of Mejillones, northern Chile (23°S) in May 2010, December 2010 and August 2011. Mass-specific respiration rates were in the range of 8.2-24.5 μmol O2 mg dry mass- 1 day- 1, at an average temperature of 12 °C. Estimates of the mesozooplankton biomass in the water column indicated that its aerobic respiration may remove daily a maximum of about 20% of oxygen available at the base of the oxycline. Since previous work indicates that zooplankton aggregate near the base of the oxycline, the impact of aerobic respiration on oxygen content might be even stronger at this depth. Mesozooplankton respiration, along with community respiration by microorganisms near the base of the oxycline and a strongly stratified condition (limiting vertical flux of O2), are suggested as being critical factors causing and maintaining a persistent subsurface oxygen-deficient ecological barrier (BEDOX) in the upwelling zone. This BEDOX layer can have a major role in affecting and regulating zooplankton distribution and their dynamics in the highly productive coastal upwelling zone of the Humboldt Current System.

Intervenção fisioterapêutica nas sequelas de drenagem linfática manual iatrogênica: relato de caso Physical therapy in sequelae of iatrogenic manual lymphatic drainage: a case report

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Rogério Eduardo Tacani

2011-06-01

Full Text Available Atualmente, a drenagem linfática manual (DLM é um dos recursos de grande destaque no tratamento de edemas, linfedemas e condições inestéticas, porém, na prática clínica têm-se observado sua aplicação de forma iatrogênica. Os objetivos deste relato de caso foram apontar as sequelas da aplicação iatrogênica da DLM, em uma jovem caucasiana, e verificar os efeitos da intervenção fisioterapêutica no tratamento dessas. Voluntária de 27 anos, apresentava-se com uma equimose importante na região lateral da coxa esquerda (28 x 9,5 cm, telangiectasias, microvaricosidades e petéquias em ambas as coxas e pernas, dor de forte intensidade e edema, após ter se submetido a um procedimento manual iatrogênico com finalidade estética há dois dias. As condutas fisioterapêuticas adotadas foram: Ultrassom 3 MHz, pulsado (2 ms on, 8 ms off, 0,4 W/cm² SATP na região da equimose e DLM (Método Leduc durante 20 minutos, na coxa esquerda. Foram realizadas nove sessões até a alta no 16º dia pós-lesão, observando-se apenas a redução gradativa da dor e da equimose. Verificou-se a efetividade da intervenção fisioterapêutica em apenas algumas das sequelas provocadas pela iatrogenia, sem desconsiderar que a remissão espontânea dos sinais e sintomas também pode ter contribuído para tal. Destaca-se a importância de conscientizar os fisioterapeutas que atuam com este procedimento para que o aplique de forma adequada, evitando tais iatrogenias.Recently, the manual lymphatic drainage (MLD is an important resource in the treatment of edemas, lymphedemas, and other unaesthetic conditions. However, problems caused by the incorrect application of this therapy have been observed in the clinical practice. The aims of this case report were to describe sequelae resulting from the negligent application of MLD on a young patient, and to determine the effects of physical therapy on the treatment of sequelae. A 27-year-old Caucasian woman presented

Lisdexamfetamine in the treatment of moderate-to-severe binge eating disorder in adults: systematic review and exploratory meta-analysis of publicly available placebo-controlled, randomized clinical trials

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Fornaro M

2016-07-01

Full Text Available Michele Fornaro,1,2 Marco Solmi,3–5 Giampaolo Perna,2,6 Domenico De Berardis,2,7 Nicola Veronese,5,8 Laura Orsolini,2,9 Licinia Ganança,1,10 Brendon Stubbs11,12 1New York State Psychiatric Institute, Columbia University, New York City, NY, USA; 2Polyedra Research Group®, Ascoli, 3Department of Neurosciences, University of Padua, 4Department of Mental Health, National Health Service, Padova, 5IREM Institute for Clinical Research and Education in Medicine, Padova, 6Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Hermanas Hospitalarias – Villa San Benedetto Menni Hospital, FoRiPsi, Albese con Cassano, Como, 7Department of Mental Health, Psychiatric Service of Diagnosis and Treatment, National Health Service, Hospital “G Mazzini”, Teramo, 8Department of Medicine (DIMED, University of Padua, Padova, Italy; 9Psychopharmacology, Drug Misuse and Novel Psychoactive Substances Research Unit, School of Life and Medical Sciences, University of Hertfordshire, Hatfield, Herts, UK; 10Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal; 11Department of Health Service and Population Research, Institute of Psychiatry, King’s College London, 12Department of Physiotherapy, South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK Background: Preliminary placebo-controlled evidence paved the ground to the US Food and Drug Administration approval extension of lisdexamfetamine for the treatment of moderate-to-severe binge eating disorder (BED in adults.Objectives: To provide a preliminary qualitative and quantitative synthesis of the placebo-controlled, randomized clinical trials (RCTs considering the efficacy and tolerability of lisdexamfetamine in the acute and/or maintenance treatment of moderate-to-severe BED in adults.Methods: A preliminary, yet comprehensive, systematic review was performed by accessing a broad range of resources providing publicly available data about lisdexamfetamine at the time of inquiry (March 2016. Study

Incidência de lesões musculoesqueléticas em atletas de elite do basquetebol feminino Incidence of musculoskeletal injuries in elite female basketball athletes

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Alexandre Sabbag da Silva

2007-01-01

Full Text Available O basquetebol é esporte competitivo, com alta incidência de lesões de contato e movimentação. OBJETIVO: determinar a incidência de lesões musculoesqueléticas em atletas de elite do basquetebol feminino. MATERIAL E MÉTODOS: foram analisadas prospectivamente 66 atletas adultas, 18 a 37 anos (média: 23, de 5 equipes durante o Campeonato Paulista da Divisão A1 (setembro de 99 a janeiro de 2000. Os dados referentes a atleta e as lesões que ocorreram no período, foram registradas por fisioterapeuta. RESULTADOS: foram computadas 78 lesões, em 47 das atletas (71,2%. A incidência de lesão foi de 2,6 lesões/ atleta/ 1000 jogos/treinos, com maior incidência nos jogos. A entorse, com 33%, foi o diagnóstico mais comum especialmente na região do tornozelo, seguida da contusão (24%. O joelho com 21% das lesões, mão/dedos, com 17%, perna/coxa e tornozelo com 14% cada, foram as regiões mais lesadas. O contato com outro atleta foi o principal mecanismo de lesão. Não encontramos relação entre diagnóstico, idade, posição e região anatômica lesada, mas atletas mais novas foram menos afetadas. A maioria das lesões foram leves (88,5% e a região do joelho foi a de maior morbidade. As sobrecargas deste esporte foram mais visíveis na região lombar e joelho, exigindo programas intensivos de prevenção e acompanhamento de atletas de elite no basquetebol feminino.Basketball is a competitive sport, presenting a high incidence of contact and movement injuries. OBJECTIVE: to determine the incidence of musculoskeletal injuries in elite female basketball athletes. MATERIALS AND METHODS: 66 adult athletes, with ages ranging from 18 to 37 years (average: 23, from 5 teams playing A1-class São Paulo State Championship were prospectively assessed in the period of September 1999 - January 2000. Data concerning each individual athlete and the injuries occurred within that period were recorded by a physical therapist. RESULTS: 78 injuries were

Efeitos do treinamento resistido sobre variáveis relacionadas com a baixa densidade óssea de mulheres menopausadas tratadas com alendronato Effects of resistance training on low bone density-related variables in menopausal women taking alendronate

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Cláudio Joaquim Borba-Pinheiro

2010-04-01

Full Text Available A osteoporose é uma doença crônica que atinge o esqueleto humano. OBJETIVO: Verificar os efeitos do treinamento resistido sobre a densidade mineral óssea (DMO, força muscular, equilíbrio e qualidade de vida em mulheres menopausadas em tratamento com alendronato. MÉTODOS: Participaram do estudo 16 voluntárias. Elas foram separadas em dois grupos: que praticaram o treino resistido (n = 9, 49,7 ± 4,2 idade e que constituíram o grupo controle (n = 7, 53,8 ± 4,4 idade. Os instrumentos de avaliação seguintes foram usados: a absorciometria de dupla energia por raios X -DXA (que mediu a coluna lombar L2-L4, colo do fêmur, triângulo de Wards e trocanter maior, o Osteoporosis Assessment Questionnaire (OPAQ e um teste de equilíbrio. O treinamento foi periodizado em 12 meses, divididos em seis ciclos com intensidade de 70-90% da carga máxima (10RM. Testes paramétricos (t ou Wilcoxon, para análise intragrupo e (Anova para intergrupos, foram usados. RESULTADOS: Foram encontradas diferenças significativas favoráveis ao grupo que treinou nos sítios da lombar L2-L4 (6,8%, p = 0,001, colo do fêmur (4,8%, p = 0,005 e trocanter (0,76%, p = 0,005. Além de diferenças significativas também para o equilíbrio corporal (21,4%, p = 0,001, qualidade de vida (9,1%, p = 0,001 e todas as medidas de força como na pressão de pernas 45° (49,3%, p Osteoporosis is a chronic disease of the human skeleton. OBJECTIVE: To verify the effects of resistance training on bone mineral density (BMD, muscular strength, balance and quality of life in menopausal women taking Alendronate. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Sixteen female volunteers participated in the study. The volunteers were separated into two groups: resistance training participants (n=9; 49.7±4.2 years and control group (n=7; 53.8±4.4 years. The following evaluation instruments were used: absorptiometry-DXA (which measured the lumbar spine L2-L4, neck femur, Wards triangle and major trochanter, the

Alterações inflamatórias provocadas pelo metronidazol em feridas: estudo experimental em ratos Inflammatory alterations provoked by metronidazole in wounds: an experimental study in rats

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Cláudia Paraguaçu Pupo Sampaio

2009-09-01

Full Text Available CONTEXTO: Cerca de 2,7% da população brasileira tem úlceras crônicas nos pés e nas pernas, porcentagem que chega a 10% nos diabéticos e que representa a segunda causa de afastamento do trabalho no Brasil. Isso demonstra a necessidade de se encontrar um produto de baixo custo que favoreça a cicatrização dessas feridas. OBJETIVO: Avaliar os efeitos do metronidazol na cicatrização de feridas por segunda intenção. MÉTODOS: Utilizaram-se 80 ratos machos, em cujos dorsos se produziu uma ferida, distribuindo-se, os animais, em dois grupos de 40. Os ratos do grupo-controle tiveram suas feridas tratadas com solução de NaCl 0,9%, e os pertencentes ao grupo-experimento, com metronidazol 4%. No terceiro, sétimo, 14º e 21º dias, avaliou-se o processo cicatricial por parâmetros macroscópicos, histológicos e imunoistoquímicos. RESULTADOS: A concentração de colágeno foi maior nas cicatrizes dos animais do grupo-experimento em todos os tempos examinados. A concentração de colágeno do tipo I também foi significante no sétimo dia (p = 0,020 e no 21º dia (p = 0,016. O colágeno tipo III mostrou concentração semelhante nos tempos iniciais e apresentou-se com maior concentração no 21º dia (p = 0,005. A angiogênese, avaliada pelo anti-CD34, demonstrou maior número de vasos, no grupo-experimento, com diferença significante no terceiro dia (p CONTEXT: Chronic feet and leg ulcers affect about 2.7% of the Brazilian population, 10% of diabetic patients. The condition represents the second most frequent cause of absence from work in Brazil. This shows the need for a product that promotes healing of these wounds at a low cost. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effects of metronidazole on ulcer healing by second intention. METHODS: Eighty male rats divided into two groups of 40 had a wound made on their dorsum. The control group was treated with a 0.9% NaCl solution and the experimental group was treated with 4% metronidazole. On the third

Desempenho e composição da carcaça de cordeiros deslanados terminados em confinamento com diferentes dietas Performance and carcass composition of shorn lambs finished in a feedlot on different diets

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José Teodorico de Araújo Filho

2010-02-01

Full Text Available Este trabalho foi realizado com os objetivos de avaliar os efeitos da alimentação e do genótipo sobre as características quantitativas de carcaça de cordeiros terminados em confinamento e estimar sua margem bruta. Foram utilizados 18 cordeiros de cada genótipo: Morada Nova, Santa Inês e mestiços Dorper × Santa Inês. As rações foram constituídas de 2,5 Mcal EM/kg MS e 2,94 Mcal EM/kg MS. Utilizou-se um delineamento inteiramente casualizado, em esquema fatorial 3 × 2. As dietas influenciaram o ganho de peso diário, o peso de corpo vazio, o escore corporal, a eficiência alimentar e o tempo de confinamento, enquanto o genótipo promoveu diferenças em todas as variáveis estudadas. A densidade calórica das dietas influenciou os rendimentos biológicos, de carcaça quente e fria, esses dois últimos influenciados pelos genótipos. A dieta mais energética (2,94 Mcal EM/kgMS proporcionou maiores pesos absolutos de pescoço, paleta, costela, lombo e perna, porém, em valores relativos, cordeiros alimentados com diferentes níveis energéticos não diferiram quanto a essas características, independentemente do nível energético da dieta. Os rendimentos percentuais dos cortes foram influenciados pelos genótipos, exceto o corte pescoço. Os pesos de todos os cortes foram influenciados pelos genótipos. A maior margem bruta de carcaça foi obtida com ração de maior nível energético.This study was performed with the objective of assessing the effects of feed and genotype on the quantitative characteristics of carcasses of lambs finished in a feedlot and estimate gross margins. Eighteen lambs of each genotype were used: Morada Nova, Santa Inês and cross-breed Dorper × Santa Inês. Feeds with low and high energetic levels consisted of 2.5 Mcal ME/kg DM and 2.94 Mcal ME/kg DM, respectively. A randomized complete design was used, with a 3 × 2 factorial scheme. The diets influenced daily weight gain, empty body weight, body score, feed

Systematic review of topic treatment for venous ulcers Revisión sistemática del tratamiento tópico de la úlcera venosa Revisão sistemática do tratamento tópico da úlcera venosa

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Eline Lima Borges

2007-12-01

terapia compresiva.Pacientes com úlcera venosa podem conviver com essa situação durante vários anos, sem obter a cicatrização da lesão se o tratamento não for adequado. A prática profissional, baseada em evidências, produz resultados efetivos para o paciente e para os serviços. O estudo visou realizar revisão sistemática para avaliar o método mais eficaz para melhorar o retorno venoso e o melhor tratamento tópico da úlcera. Buscou-se estudos indexados em oito bases de dados utilizando-se os descritores úlcera de perna, úlcera venosa e similares. A amostra constituiu-se de 33 estudos primários e 2 estudos de metanálise. Identificou-se diversidade de tratamentos que foram agrupados em terapia compressiva (54,3% e tratamento tópico (45,7%. Evidenciou-se que a terapia compressiva aumenta a taxa de cicatrização da úlcera devendo ser usado em pacientes sem comprometimento arterial. Não é claro qual a melhor terapia tópica, porém, as diferentes opções devem ser associadas à terapia compressiva.