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Sample records for maiden lubab aastatuhandevahetusel

  1. NATO lubab Afganistanis tsiviilohvreid vähendada / Aadu Hiietamm

    Index Scriptorium Estoniae

    Hiietamm, Aadu, 1954-

    2007-01-01

    NATO peasekretäri Jaap de Hoop Schefferi ajalehele Financial Times antud usutlusest, kus ta lubab, et NATO hakkab tsiviilelanike säästmiseks Afganistani islamiliikumise Taliban vastu võitlemisel kasutama väiksemaid pomme. Pantvangide võtmisest islamistide poolt Afganistanis

  2. Moskva lubab sadu miljoneid Bassajevi ja Mashadovi eest / Kaivo Kopli

    Index Scriptorium Estoniae

    Kopli, Kaivo

    2004-01-01

    Venemaa süüdistab Shamil Bassajevit ja Aslan Mashadovit Põhja-Osseetia pantvangikriisis ning lubab nende eest 150 miljonit krooni, samuti kavatseb Venemaa astuda uusi samme Ahmed Zakajevi ja Iljas Ahmadovi väljanõudmiseks

  3. Skeptik lubab Kallast neli aastat tümitada / Nigel Farage ; interv. Ahto Lobjakas

    Index Scriptorium Estoniae

    Farage, Nigel

    2005-01-01

    Briti euroskeptik Nigel Farage, kes on Euroopa Parlamendis võtnud kahel korral sõna seoses Siim Kallase osaga 10 miljoni dollari kadumises, lubab tõstatada teema taas päevakorrale. Lisa: Kallas nõuab vabandamist

  4. The maiden voyage of enterprise systems and micro foundational institutionalism

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Svejvig, Per

    This short paper presents an in-progress research work aimed at establishing a theoretical lens for describing, understanding and explaining the period from going live with an enterprise system and until this system is stabilized and normal organizational performance is achieved - this period is ...... is metaphorically labeled the maiden voyage. The paper presents a short overview of institutional theory, and proposes methodologically guidelines for investigating the maiden voyage by institutional theory....

  5. President Arnold Rüütel lubab Eesti kreenist välja tuua / Arnold Rüütel ; intervjueerinud Henrik Roonemaa

    Index Scriptorium Estoniae

    Rüütel, Arnold, 1928-

    2001-01-01

    Eesti presidendiks valitud Arnold Rüütli sõnul on tema ja kommunism väga kauged mõisted ning lubab jätkata NATO ja EL suunal. Autor: ERL. Parlamendisaadik. Samas: Arnold Rüütli kõnest valimiskogu ees

  6. Sequelae of radiation facial epilation (North American Hiroshima maiden syndrome)

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Rosen, I.B.; Walfish, P.G.

    1989-01-01

    Radiation for benign problems of the head and neck area has been uniformly recognized as unacceptable practice. This includes epilation for facial hirsutism. Twelve such patients, recently encountered, have characteristic radiodermatitis facies and have demonstrated multisite neoplastic involvement--including skin, thyroid, parathyroid, salivary gland, oral cavity, facial skeleton, and breast--and have also undergone extensive dermatologic treatment of complications of radiodermatitis. There was one cancer death, and three patients are alive with cancer. Such patients have a superficial resemblance to the Hiroshima maiden group of young women who survived atomic bombing and experienced severe facial burns, necessitating extensive plastic surgery. As atomic survivors they are at increased risk for cancer of thyroid, salivary gland, lung, breast, bone marrow, and gastrointestinal tract. The North American Hiroshima maiden should warrant easy clinical recognition and require lifetime scrutiny for multisite neoplastic disease

  7. Establishment of Eucalyptus grandis W. Hill ex Maiden in vitro using ...

    African Journals Online (AJOL)

    Establishment of Eucalyptus grandis W. Hill ex Maiden in vitro using commercial products for seed treatment. Moacir Ribeiro Neto, Cíntia de Oliveira Martendal, Flávia Dionísio Pereira, Edson Luiz Souchie, Fabiano Guimarães Silva ...

  8. Influence Of Chemicals Of Arbolin Group On Branching Of Maiden Trees Of Three Apple Cultivars

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Zhalnerchyk Pavel

    2015-12-01

    Full Text Available Studies realized in 2008 and 2009 proved that Neo Arbolin Extra (10 g GA4+7 and 50 g BA in 1 l of solution and Neo Arbolin (18 g GA4+7 and 18 g BA in 1 l of solution applied separately or with Algamino Plant (18% extract from seaweeds and 10% of potassium salt of amino acids stimulated the development of axillary buds on apple maiden trees of ‘Ligol’, ‘Golden Delicious’ and ‘Mutsu’ cultivars grafted on M.9 rootstock, thus enhancing the number of feathers longer than 10 cm. Preparations were applied twice, from the middle of June to July 9. Results differed between years, which may be related to different weather courses during the growing seasons. Neo Arbolin Extra at a concentration 30 ml·l−1 with adjuvant addition (Adpros 5 ml·l−1 gave the best results in branching of maiden trees of three examined cultivars. Trees treated with those preparations twice produced more than 10 feathers (> 10 cm in the year highly favoring maiden tree growth and more than 6 feathers in the less favorable year. Algamino Plant did not influence apple tree branching.

  9. "Pipa Fairy Maiden" Zhang Hongyan

    Institute of Scientific and Technical Information of China (English)

    1995-01-01

    WHEN Zhang Hongyan plays the completely traditional Chinese musical instrument, the pipa, she is called a "pipa fairy maiden" by her audiences, "the pipa queen with outstanding talent and appearance" by the Hong Kong press and "a national flower of the Women Philharmonic Orchestra" in Singapore. Having completed her master’s degree program at the folk music department of the Central Conservatory of Music. Zhang is continuing there as a teacher. On the unforgettable night of June 9, 1992, Zhang Hongyan presented her first solo concerto concert at the Beijing Concert Hall, in cooperation with the celebrated Central Philharmonic Orchestra based in Beijing and its famous conductor Hu Yongyan. This concert made her the first folk musical instrument player to present a special concerto concert in cooperation with a Western style orchestra. It is the result of many years of effort. Zhang was born in Shengxian County, Zhejiang Province, famous as the home of Yue Opera. Her father is a musician with a Yue Opera

  10. Primeiro registro de Oligonychus yothersi (McGregor (Acari: Tetranychidae em Eucalyptus grandis Hill ex Maiden no Brasil First record of Oligonychus yothersi (McGregor (Acari: Tetranychidae on Eucalyptus grandis Hill ex Maiden in Brazil

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Fabrício Fagundes Pereira

    2005-08-01

    Full Text Available Relata-se a infestação de um ácaro-vermelho em mudas clonais de Eucalyptus grandis Hill ex Maiden, mantidas em casa de vegetação no município de Martinho Campos, Minas Gerais. O ácaro foi observado na parte superior das folhas que exibiam sinais de sucção de seiva e bronzeamento. Essas injúrias causaram desenvolvimento anormal e morte de plantas. O ácaro foi identificado como Oligonychus yothersi (McGregor (Acari: Tetranychidae, e isso representa o primeiro registro dessa espécie em mudas clonais de E. grandis no Brasil.An infestation of the red spider mite was reported in clone seedlings of Eucalyptus grandis Hill ex Maiden under greenhouse conditions, in the municipality of Martinho Campos, Minas Gerais State. The spider mite was found on the leaf upper faces with signs of sap suction and bronzing. Such injuries caused abnormal development and plant death. The spider mite was identified as Oligonychus yothersi (McGregor (Acari: Tetranychidae. This is the first record of O. yothersi on E. grandis seedlings in Brazil.

  11. The twenty-five maiden ladies' tomb and predicaments of the feminist movement in Taiwan

    OpenAIRE

    Lee, Anru; Tang, Wen-hui Anna

    2010-01-01

    “The Twenty-five Maiden Ladies’ Tomb” is the collective burial site of the female workers who died in a ferry accident on their way to work in 1973. The fact that of the more than 70 passengers on board all 25 who died were unmarried young women, and the taboo in Taiwanese culture that shuns unmarried female ghosts, made the Tomb a fearsome place. Feminists in Gaoxiong (高雄) had for some years wanted the city government to change the tomb’s public image....

  12. Maximização do potencial de enraizamento de estacas de Eucalyptus dunnii Maiden

    OpenAIRE

    Cooper, Marcos Antonio

    2011-01-01

    O potencial de enraizamento de estacas de Eucalyptus dunnii Maiden foi estudado através da realização de cinco experimentos consecutivos. Foram considerados e otimizados os seguintes fatores: variabilidade na capacidade de enraizamento entre 645 matrizes e três procedências: duas épocas do ano; seleção de clones com porcentagem de enraizamento igual ou superior a 50% ; tipos de estacas (diâmetro, número de pares de tolhas e área foliar): concentrações de ácido indol-3-butírico; tipos de subst...

  13. Theseus Landing Following Maiden Flight

    Science.gov (United States)

    1996-01-01

    The Theseus prototype research aircraft shows off its high aspect-ratio wing as it comes in for a landing on Rogers Dry Lake after its first test flight from NASA's Dryden Flight Research Center, Edwards, California, on May 24, 1996. The Theseus aircraft, built and operated by Aurora Flight Sciences Corporation, Manassas, Virginia, was a unique aircraft flown at NASA's Dryden Flight Research Center, Edwards, California, under a cooperative agreement between NASA and Aurora. Dryden hosted the Theseus program, providing hangar space and range safety for flight testing. Aurora Flight Sciences was responsible for the actual flight testing, vehicle flight safety, and operation of the aircraft. The Theseus remotely piloted aircraft flew its maiden flight on May 24, 1996, at Dryden. During its sixth flight on November 12, 1996, Theseus experienced an in-flight structural failure that resulted in the loss of the aircraft. As of the beginning of the year 2000, Aurora had not rebuilt the aircraft. Theseus was built for NASA under an innovative, $4.9 million fixed-price contract by Aurora Flight Sciences Corporation and its partners, West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia, and Fairmont State College, Fairmont, West Virginia. The twin-engine, unpiloted vehicle had a 140-foot wingspan, and was constructed largely of composite materials. Powered by two 80-horsepower, turbocharged piston engines that drove twin 9-foot-diameter propellers, Theseus was designed to fly autonomously at high altitudes, with takeoff and landing under the active control of a ground-based pilot in a ground control station 'cockpit.' With the potential ability to carry 700 pounds of science instruments to altitudes above 60,000 feet for durations of greater than 24 hours, Theseus was intended to support research in areas such as stratospheric ozone depletion and the atmospheric effects of future high-speed civil transport aircraft engines. Instruments carried aboard Theseus also would be able

  14. Estrogen therapy offsets thermal impairment of vitellogenesis, but not zonagenesis, in maiden spawning female Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Kelli Anderson

    2017-11-01

    Full Text Available In female Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar, exposure to warm summer temperatures causes a reduction in plasma 17β-estradiol (E2, which impairs downstream vitellogenesis and zonagenesis, and reduces egg fertility and embryo survival. The aim of the present study was to determine whether E2-treatment could offset thermal impairment of endocrine function and maintain egg quality in maiden (first-time-spawning S. salar reared at 22 °C. Treatment with E2 at 22 °C stimulated vitellogenin (vtg gene expression and subsequent protein synthesis which promoted oocyte growth and increased egg size relative to untreated fish at 14 and 22 °C. However, E2-treatment at 22 °C was not associated with an increase in egg fertility and embryo survival relative to untreated fish at 22 °C, despite the positive effects of E2-treatment on vitellogenesis and oocyte growth. As there was no evidence to suggest that the estrogen receptor alpha expression was suppressed by high temperature, this could be due to the lack of stimulation on zonagenesis by E2-treatment observed at high temperature during oocyte development. Our results demonstrate that treatment with E2 is not able to maintain zonagenesis or egg quality in maiden S. salar at high temperature, even when vtg gene expression, protein synthesis and subsequent oocyte growth is promoted. This implies that the mechanisms regulating zonagenesis, but not vitellogenesis are impaired at elevated temperature in female S. salar broodstock, and highlights the remarkable complexity of thermally induced endocrine disruption in fish.

  15. Efeito da hidrólise ácida dos taninos de Eucalyptus grandis w. hill ex Maiden nas propriedades dos adesivos tânicos Effect of the acid hydrolyses of Eucalyptus grandis w. hill ex Maiden tannins in the properties of the tannic adhesives

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Angélica de Cássia Oliveira Carneiro

    2009-08-01

    Full Text Available Este trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar o efeito da hidrólise ácida sobre as propriedades e resistência ao cisalhamento dos adesivos de taninos, extraídos a partir da casca de Eucalyptus grandis W. Hill ex Maiden. Os adesivos foram sintetizados com taninos hidrolisados, empregando-se quatro valores de pH, três tempos de reação e 10% de formaldeído em relação à massa seca de taninos. Foram produzidas 96 juntas coladas, constituídas de duas lâminas de madeira de Eucalyptus grandis. As resistências ao cisalhamento e falha na madeira foram determinadas de acordo com a norma ASTM D 2339-93. Concluiu-se que a hidrólise ácida dos taninos reduziu a viscosidade dos adesivos e aumentou a resistência ao cisalhamento na linha de cola. De modo geral, as juntas coladas apresentaram baixo percentual de falha na madeira.The objective of this research was to evaluate the effect of the acid hydrolysis of Eucalyptus grandis W. Hill ex Maiden bark tannins on the properties of tannic adhesives. Adhesives were synthesized with tannins hydrolyzed at four pH values, three reaction times and 10% of formaldehyde based on the tannin dry weight. Ninety-six glued joints were prepared with Eucalyptus grandis thin boards. Shear resistance and wood failure percentage were determined according to the ASTM D 2339-93 standards. It was concluded that tannin hydrolysis decreased adhesive viscosity and increased the glue line shear resistance. However, it was observed a low percentage of wood failure.

  16. The Twenty-five Maiden Ladies’ Tomb and Predicaments of the Feminist Movement in Taiwan

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Anru Lee

    2010-01-01

    Full Text Available “The Twenty-five Maiden Ladies’ Tomb” is the collective burial site of the female workers who died in a ferry accident on their way to work in 1973. The fact that of the more than 70 passengers on board all 25 who died were unmarried young women, and the taboo in Taiwanese culture that shuns unmarried female ghosts, made the Tomb a fearsome place. Feminists in Gaoxiong (高雄 had for some years wanted the city government to change the tomb’s public image. Their calls were not answered until the Gaoxiong mayor’s office finally allocated money to clean up the gravesite and, as part of the city’s plans to develop urban tourism, to remake it into the tourist-friendly “Memorial Park for Women Labourers”. Consequently, even though the tomb renovation seemed to indicate a triumph of the feminist endeavour, it was more a result of the Gaoxiong city government’s efforts towards culture-led urban revitalization.

  17. Funções de forma para Eucalyptus dunnii Maiden implantados na depressão central e encosta do sudeste do Rio Grande do Sul Taper of Eucalyptus dunnii Maiden established in the central depression and southeast slope of the state of Rio Grande do Sul

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    César Augusto Guimarães Finger

    1995-01-01

    Full Text Available Este trabalho teve como objetivo estudar a forma do tronco do Eucalyptus dunnii Maiden, para estimativas de sortimentos. Os dados foram obtidos pela cubagem de árvores amostras com idades entre 6 e 7 anos, pelo método de Smalian, em quatro hortos florestais localizados na Depressão Central e Encosta do Sudeste do Rio Grande do Sul. Os valores de diâmetro e altura observados ao longo dos troncos foram ajustados, com o emprego do procedimento Forward de regressão, a modelos matemáticos para descrever a forma das árvores, tendo a seleção dos modelos sido realizada através do coeficiente de determinação (R², do erro padrão da estimativa em percentagem (Syx%, bem como pela análise de resíduos. As melhores estimativas foram obtidas com o modelo: di/d = b0 + b1 (h i/h + b2h i/h² + b3(h i/h³, o qual apresentou R² de 0,9577 e Syx de 8,14 %.The present work had for objective study taper of Eucalyptus dunnii Maiden, forassortment estimations. Data was collected in 4 properties of company Riocell S.A distributed along several municipalities of the Central Depression and Southeast Slope of the State of Rio Grande do Sul. The trees sampled were 6 to 7 years old, and were cubated by the Smaliam Method. The data was adjusted to a mathematic model to desenhe the trees taper, using the forward regression procedure. In the selection of the mathematic model the statistics coefficient of determination (R², standard error in percentage (Syx % as well as the residue analysis of the models were considered. The best estimation was obtained with the model: d i/ d = b0 + b1(h i/h + b2(h i/h² + b3(h i/h³, with R² = 0.9577 and Syx = 8.14 %.

  18. CARACTERÍSTICAS TECNOLÓGICAS DAS MADEIRAS DE Eucalyptus grandis W.Hill ex Maiden E Eucalyptus cloeziana F. Muell VISANDO AO SEU APROVEITAMENTO NA INDÚSTRIA MOVELEIRA

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    Ailton Teixeira do Vale

    2006-07-01

    Full Text Available Este trabalho se desenvolveu na Universidade de Brasília e no Laboratório de Produtos Florestais (IBAMA, Brasília, DF. Foram estudadas duas espécies de eucalipto (Eucalyptus grandis W.Hill ex Maiden e Eucalyptus cloeziana para confecção de peças mobiliárias. A madeira de E. grandis apresenta propriedades físicas (densidade e retratibilidade e mecânicas (flexão estática e dureza extremamente positivas para a indústria moveleira, sendo complementado por seu bom desempenho perante equipamentos e máquinas, além de receber bem produtos de acabamento. A cor da madeira e o seu desenho levaram os consumidores a mostrar ótima aceitação do móvel fabricado com a espécie. A madeira de Eucalyptus cloeziana, apesar de mostrar propriedades físicas e mecânicas com valores mais elevados que as do Eucalyptus grandis W.Hill ex Maiden, apresenta características desejadas para indústria moveleira. A sua coloração cinza oliva é uma opção para o consumidor. Alguns cuidados especiais com essa espécie deverão ser tomados durante operações com máquinas e equipamentos. Os valores da propriedade dureza apresentados por essa madeira a indicam para fabricação de piso.

  19. The effect of the time of budding of mahaleb cherry (Prunus mahaleb L. seedlings on the quality of maiden trees of sour cherry (Prunus cerasus L. 'Łutówka'

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Piotr Baryła

    2012-12-01

    Full Text Available The present study was conducted at the Felin Experi- mental Farm, belonging to the University of Life Sciences in Lublin, during the period 2005–2008. The experimental material consisted of maiden trees of sour cherry 'Łutówka' budded on seedlings of mahaleb cherry (Prunus mahaleb L. of unknown origin. The experiment evaluated the effect of four budding times: 15 July, 1 August, 15 August, and 1 September, on the quality of cherry trees in a nursery. The mean for the three years showed that budding time did not have a significant effect on the quality of cherry trees in the nursery. It was observed that the budding of mahaleb cherry performed on the two August dates (1st and 15th had a more beneficial effect on the growth and branching of trees than the budding done on 15 July and 1 September. The quality of maiden cherry trees 'Łutówka' in the nursery was primarily dependent on weather conditions in a given growing season, which is evidenced by the significant differences between production cycles, high variation in the quantitative results in individual years, and the absence of significant differences in the mean for 2006–2008.

  20. Tensão de crescimento em árvores vivas de clones de Eucalyptus spp. e de Eucalyptus dunnii Maiden e propriedades da sua madeira

    OpenAIRE

    Trugilho, Paulo Fernando

    2013-01-01

    Este estudo teve por objetivo avaliar a funcionalidade do método CIRAD-Forêt para determinação das deformações residuais longitudinais (DRL) e determinar o nível de variação da DRL em árvores vivas de clones de Eucalyptus spp. e de árvores matrizes de Eucalyptus dunnii Maiden. Objetivou, ainda, determinar a variação da DRL inter e intra genótipos, avaliar a relação existente entre a DRL e algumas características da madeira, estimar a tensão de crescimento longitudinal usado à relação existent...

  1. Equações de volume para Eucalyptus dunnii Maiden, determinadas para a depressão central do Estado do Rio Grande do Sul Equations for Eucalyptus dunnii maiden volume determination on the central depression of State Rio Grande do Sul

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Paulo Renato Schneider

    1997-08-01

    Full Text Available O estudo foi realizado para definir equações de volume total com casca e comercial sem casca para Eucalyptus dunnii Maiden, na idade de 6,5 anos, implantado em espaçamento 3 x 2m. Foram cubadas, pelo método de Smaliam, 80 árvores distribuídas em classe diamétrica e de forma proporcional em quatro hortos florestais. As equações de volume total com casca e comercial sem casca foram determinadas através do procedimento "stepwise" de regressão, de forma independente, para cada local e, posteriormente, foi estudada a possibilidade de agrupamento destas equações em um modelo único. A análise de covariância aplicada aos dados indicou a possibilidade do emprego de uma única equação para estimar o volume da espécie em toda a região. Selecionou-se pelo alto coeficiente de determinação e baixo erro padrão da estimativa a equação log v = - 9,06566 + 0,93016 . log(d² h para o volume total com casca e log v = -14,14078 + 1,39608 . log(d² h para o volume comercial sem casca. Além disso, não observou-se diferenças na forma do tronco e por conseqüência no volume das árvores nos quatro locais estudados.This study has been carried out to define total bulk volume equations for Eucalyptus dunni Maiden, 6.5 years old, lined up along a 3 by 2 meter-spaced planted setting. These equations were supposed to both trees with and without bark. Eighty trees were cubed by Smalian's method distributed according to diameter classes and following a proportional way, over four forest sites. Equations were determinated through stepwise regression procedure, following an independent process for each site. A second step was evaluate the possiblility of these equations to be reduced into a single one. The covariance analysis applied to data showed the possibility of using an unique one equation to estimate the tree bulk volume to the region. Two equations were selected: one to calculate the total volume of trees with bark and another to determine the

  2. On the Origins of the Lubok Text The Register of Dames and Handsome Maidens

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Alexandra A. Pletneva

    2015-08-01

    Full Text Available This article is devoted to the attempts to identify the prototype and the sources of The Register of Dames and Handsome Maidens, which was part of the lubok tradition of the 17th–18th centuries. This text is a list of female proper names provided with humorous commentaries. The satirical texts of the 17th century frequently replicate the structure of the documents and literary texts of those times. Some satirical texts represent the structure of church services, an alphabet prayer, a petition, etc. Among the manuscript and lubok texts of the 17th–18th centuries, there is a significant number of texts which include lists of names with humorous characteristics. These texts may be dated back to the Old Russian dictionaries of proper names, e.g., the Commentaries on the Names in Alphabetical Order by Maximus the Greek. Unlike the other texts organized as lists of names, The Register of Dames is related to the wedding ritual, and its probable source can be identified as the register of potential brides for Tsar Alexey Mikhailovich, which was compiled in 1669-1670, when Tsar Alexey was planning to marry for a second time. The text of the Register includes all but two of the names that appear in the probable prototype, including rather rare names. Furthermore, the name Natalia—that is, the tsar’s future wife—is particularly emphasized.

  3. Avaliação das principais propriedades físicas e mecânicas da madeira de Eucalyptus benthamii Maiden et Cambage

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    Bruna Verediana Müller

    Full Text Available O presente estudo teve como objetivo determinar as propriedades físicas e mecânicas da madeira de Eucalyptus benthamii Maiden et Cambage. Foram determinadas as seguintes propriedades físicas: massa específica aparente a 12 e 0% de umidade, massa específica aparente básica e os coeficientes de contração, além das propriedades mecânicas, por meio dos ensaios de flexão estática, compressão paralela às fibras, cisalhamento e dureza, para a idade de seis anos. Com base nos resultados obtidos na determinação das propriedades físicas, a madeira de E. benthamii, na idade estudada, pode ser classificada como moderadamente pesada e dimensionalmente instável. Em relação às propriedades mecânicas, de modo geral, a espécie apresentou baixa resistência, o que possivelmente está relacionado com a grande proporção de madeira juvenil presente no material estudado.

  4. INFLUENCE OF ANATOMICAL FEATURES AND EXTRACTIVES CONTENT WOOD OF Eucalyptus grandis W. Hill ex Maiden IN QUALITY BONDING

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    Vanessa Cristina do Sacramento Albino

    2012-12-01

    Full Text Available http://dx.doi.org/10.5902/198050987561The study aimed to anatomically characterize and to quantify the total extractives in different positions of the log of Eucalyptus grandis W. Hill ex Maiden with 18 years of age and to assess their influence on the shear strength and percentage of wood failure in adhesive bonded joints with thermosetting resorcinol-formaldehyde. Histological slides were prepared for an anatomical study and determined the total extractive content. The preparation of bonded joints was made according to ASTM D 2339-98(2000. It was used the correlation coefficient of Pearson, 1% probability by t test to evaluate the correlation between the anatomical and extractives content with the quality of the glued joints. It was found that there was a correlation between the shear strength with the following characteristics: vessel diameter, wall width, length and width of the fiber, the width of the radius and total extractives content. For the percentage of wood failure, there was a correlation between this with the following characteristics: the frequency of vessels, thickness of the heat of fiber, and high frequency of lightning. Both the radial direction as in the longitudinal direction of the logs there was change in the values found for the measurement of the anatomical elements, the total amount of extractives, the shear test strength and the percentage of wood failure.

  5. Óleo de melaleuca (Melaleuca alternifolia Maiden & Betche, Cheel no controle de cercosporiose em beterraba

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    A.D. SOUZA

    2015-01-01

    Full Text Available RESUMO O óleo volátil da melaleuca (Melaleuca alternifolia Maiden & Betche, Cheel possui atividade antimicrobiana podendo causar efeitos sobre as plantas. Avaliou-se a inibição do óleo em Cercospora beticolaSacc., e seu efeito no aumento da produção e qualidade de raízes de beterraba. As doses foram de 0,13; 0,67; 0,80 e 1,00% do óleo, além das testemunhas composta pelo meio de cultura Batata Dextrose Ágar (BDA no experimento in vitro, e água no experimento in vivo. As plantas foram pulverizadas duas vezes por semana. O delineamento foi inteiramente casualizado, com 4 repetições, e as médias foram comparadas pelo teste Tukey a 5% de probabilidade. O índice de infecção das folhas foi determinado por escala diagramática além do peso e diâmetro das raízes. Os resultados de inibição do crescimento micelial para as doses do óleo foram 0; 56; 87; 83 e 99%, e os índices de infecção: 77,08; 35,62; 21,04; 19,37 e 20,00%, respectivamente, para a testemunha e as doses 0,13; 0,67; 0,80 e 1,00% do óleo. Somente na concentração de 0,80% o óleo proporcionou relação positiva entre o ganho de peso e o diâmetro das raízes. O óleo de Melaleuca foi eficaz no controle de C. beticola e, como consequência, houve produção de raízes de beterraba com melhor desenvolvimento.

  6. Live Weight Changes and Their Relationship with the Ovarian Status of Maiden Fat-Tailed Barbarine Ewes

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    Imēne Ben Salem

    2010-01-01

    Full Text Available The current study assessed the effect of the pattern of live weight change on the ovarian function of maiden Barbarine ewes at approximately 1 year of age. For this purpose, a total of 171 weaned ewe lambs (mean live weight  ± s.d. 34.7±3.07 kg and mean age ± SD 196±10 days at weaning were selected for the experiment. Adjustment of live weight variation  was used. Based on the slope of the curve, animals were grouped into three classes LWCI (n=46,  LWCII (n=91 and LWCIII (n=34 with live weight loss being highest in LWCI and lowest in LWCIII.  Following laparoscopy at 13 months of age, the proportion of ewe lambs found cycling in LWCIII  (85.3% was higher in comparison to animals in LWCI (43.4%; P<0.001 and tended to be superior to those in LWCII (61.5%; P<0.05. Following synchronisation with progestagen of the females found cycling, levels of plasma IGF-I concentrations between 6 and 42 hrs after removal of sponges were not significantly different between the three classes of live weight, and respectively averaged 94.2, 90.8 and 89.8 µg/l for LWCI, LWCII and LWCIII females. Levels of estradiol were also not significantly different between the three groups (0.73, 0.70 and 0.67 pg/ml for LWCI, LWCII and LWCIII ewe lambs, respectively. It was concluded that, in low input systems of semi-arid and arid Tunisia, mating ewe lambs at the approximate age of 1 year is likely to lead to depressed reproductive performance particularly when the summer live weight-loss is elevated.

  7. Hispaania uuel valitsusel on vähe mänguruumi. Rahvapartei liider Mariano Rajoy lubas rakendada karmi säästupoliitika / Katri Soe-Surén

    Index Scriptorium Estoniae

    Soe-Surén, Katri

    2011-01-01

    Hispaania valimistel võitnud konservatiivse Rahvapartei juht Mariano Rajoy lubas taastada turgude usalduse Hispaania vastu, tema partei lubab peatada üleliigsed kulutused ja restruktureerida finantssüsteemi

  8. Raesaali lünettmaalid / Pia Ehasalu

    Index Scriptorium Estoniae

    Ehasalu, Pia, 1964-

    2005-01-01

    Tallinna raekoja kaheksa moraliseerivate värssidega varustatud poollünettmaali maalis 1667. a. Johann Aken. Maalide erinev teostus lubab oletada teise meistriabilise olemasolu. Bibliograafia lk. 445

  9. MANEJO DE RESIDUOS DE Eucalyptus grandis Hill ex Maiden EN SITIOS CONTRASTANTES

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Ana Maria Lupi

    2017-01-01

    Full Text Available En la región NE de Argentina existe poca información sobre el impacto que tienen las diferentes alternativas de manejo de residuos de la cosecha forestal sobre las propiedades edáficas. En este estudio se analizó el efecto a corto plazo de sistemas de manejo de residuos de la cosecha de Eucalyptus grandis Hill ex Maiden, sobre la concentración del carbono orgánico total del suelo (COT y la fracción particulada (COP, su estado estructural y la conductividad hidráulica saturada. El estudio se desarrolló en dos sitios de la Provincia de Entre Ríos, Argentina, en un suelo Aquic Hapluderts (S1 y en un Fluventic Hapludolls (S2. Se aplicaron los siguientes tratamientos: 1. Extracción total de residuos (ER, 2. Conservación de residuos (CR, 3. Quema de residuos-testigo (QR, 4. Doble adición de residuos (DAR. El muestreo de suelos en las profundidades 0-5 cm y 5-10 cm se realizó a los 18 (S1 y a los 22 (S2 meses de aplicar los tratamientos. En el corto plazo, el efecto de los tratamientos dependió del tipo de suelo y de la variable analizada. Los contrastes más importantes se debieron al efecto de las características intrínsecas del suelo sobre el tamaño de los agregados y la conductividad hidráulica saturada. La conservación de residuos no aumentó la concentración de COT ni modificó la calidad de la materia orgánica medida a partir de COP. El suelo Aquic Hapluderts presentó agregados más grandes, más estables y una mayor K sat en comparación con el Fluventic Hapludolls. En el Aquic Hapluderts se observó una mayor conductividad hidráulica saturada en los tratamientos con conservación de los residuos (DAR y CR, debido a que la cobertura preservaría el sistema poroso en la interfase suelo-atmosfera. El Fluventic Hapludolls fue menos estable y los tratamientos no modificaron significativamente el tamaño de los agregados ni la conductividad hidráulica saturada . Considerando que las características del sitio tienen efectos

  10. PRODUTIVIDADE E CUSTOS DO PROCESSADOR TRABALHANDO EM POVOAMENTOS DE Eucalyptus grandis Hill ex Maiden

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Carlos Cardoso Machado

    1999-12-01

    Full Text Available No presente trabalho foi realizado um estudo de tempos com o objetivo de ajustar equações para estimar o tempo das atividades, a produtividade, o custo operacional e da produção do processador utilizado em um sistema de colheita de madeira de povoamentos de Eucalyptus grandis Hill ex Maiden, em topografia plana, no Estado da Bahia. O ciclo operacional do processador consistiu no tempo gasto para processar uma árvore e foi dividido em etapas as quais foram cronometradas, usando a metodologia dos tempos individuais. A unidade amostral foi constituída do ciclo operacional da máquina. A análise estatística baseou-se em estudo de regressão, sendo utilizado o procedimento de modelagem de regressão "stepwise". Com as equações ajustadas, foi possível estimar a produtividade da máquina em função do diâmetro das árvores. Nas condições do estudo, considerando uma eficiência operacional de 70%, a produtividade do processador foi de 25,8 m³cc/h, o custo operacional 47,90 US$/h e o custo de produção de 1,86 US$/m³cc. Com base nos resultados obtidos, pode-se concluir que: o tempo de processamento das árvores varia diretamente com o aumento do diâmetro; o tempo de preparação, ao contrário do tempo de processamento, possui uma baixa correlação com o diâmetro das árvores; a produtividade do processador é diretamente proporcional ao aumento do diâmetro das árvores, quando expressa em volume, e inversamente proporcional, quando expressa em número de árvores; o custo por metro cúbico de madeira processada com processador, varia numa relação inversa ao aumento do diâmetro; do custo operacional do processador, o custo fixo é o de maior proporção, seguido do custo variável, administrativo e da mão-de-obra; e, o custo de produção do processador diminui em forma exponencial com o aumento do diâmetro das árvores.

  11. Parteid lubavad valimiste eel pealinlastele toetusi / Urmas Seaver

    Index Scriptorium Estoniae

    Seaver, Urmas, 1973-

    2005-01-01

    Erakonnad lubavad valimiste eel pealinlastele uusi soodustusi - alanevat maamaksu, lastehoiuraha, toetusi lastele ja pensionäridele. Näiteks Reformierakond lubab maamaksu alandada kaks korda. Lisa: Erakonnad peibutavad soodustustega

  12. Ester Tuiksoo võitleb viina puhtuse eest / Ester Tuiksoo ; interv. Silja Lättemäe

    Index Scriptorium Estoniae

    Tuiksoo, Ester, 1965-

    2006-01-01

    Põllumajandusminister Ester Tuiksoo lubab Euroopa Liidu piiritusjookide määruse eelnõu arutusel kaitsta seisukohta, et viinaks tuleb pidada üksnes teraviljast või kartulist valmistatud piiritusjooki

  13. Res Publica kärbiks võimuorganite koosseise / Argo Ideon

    Index Scriptorium Estoniae

    Ideon, Argo, 1966-

    2002-01-01

    Res Publica taotleb Riigikogu kärpimist 61 liikmeni, lubab kahandada kohalike volikogude koosseise, Tallinna abilinnapeade arvu ja kaotada portfellita ministrite kohad. Vt. samas: Res Publica valimisnimekiri Tallinnas

  14. Latvian government in double jeopardy with EU, Latvijas Gaze

    Index Scriptorium Estoniae

    2005-01-01

    Läti soovib saada Euroopa Komisjonilt ajapikendust gaasituru liberaliseerimiseks 2010. aastani ning lubab sel juhul sõlmida Latvijas Gaze'ga kokkuleppe, et viimane loobuks gaasitarnete ainuõigusest Lätis

  15. Väiketalunikud ühistut ei usalda / Teele Tammeorg

    Index Scriptorium Estoniae

    Tammeorg, Teele

    2010-01-01

    Loodi marja- ja õunakasvatajate tootjarühm Polli Fruit, mis lubab oma liikmete toodangut paremini jaekaubandusse turustada. Väidetavalt suhtuvad mõned väiketootjad rühmaga liitumisse skeptiliselt

  16. Põhja-Korea tuumakriisis saavutati läbimurre / Kalev Kask

    Index Scriptorium Estoniae

    Kask, Kalev

    2007-01-01

    Kuuepoolsel läbirääkimisel sõlmitud leppe järgi lubab Põhja-Korea sulgeda vaidlusaluse Youngbyoni tuumajaama, kus valmistatakse väidetavalt plutooniumi, peatingimuseks saada vastutasuks suures koguses elektrienergiat

  17. Õpetajaks hakkamise eest võib tulevikus saada 200 000 krooni / Mirko Ojakivi

    Index Scriptorium Estoniae

    Ojakivi, Mirko

    2007-01-01

    Isamaa ja Res Publica Liit lubab võimule pääsedes maksta esmakordselt tööle asuvale pedagoogilise kõrgharidusega õpetajale 200 000 krooni stardiraha. Endise haridusministri Tõnis Lukase selgitus

  18. Rahvus, "glokaalsus" ja eesti kirjandusdiskursus aastatuhandevahetusel / Jüri Talvet

    Index Scriptorium Estoniae

    Talvet, Jüri, 1945-

    2001-01-01

    Bibliogr. joonealustes märkustes. Artikli aluseks on rahvusvahelisel konverentsil "Cultural Identity and Its Glocal Manifestations" (Joensuu, 14.-16. IX 2000) peetud ingliskeelne ettekanne. Artikkel on ilmunud ka kogumikus: Talvet, Jüri. Tõrjumatu äär. Tartu : Ilmamaa, 2005, lk. 31-45

  19. Sewage sludge stabilisation and fertiliser value in a silvopastoral system developed with Eucalyptus nitens Maiden in Lugo (Spain).

    Science.gov (United States)

    Mosquera-Losada, M R; Ferreiro-Domínguez, N; Daboussi, S; Rigueiro-Rodríguez, A

    2016-10-01

    Copper (Cu) is one of the heavy metals with highest proportion in sewage sludge. In Europe, sewage sludge should be stabilised before using it as a fertiliser in agriculture. Depending on the stabilisation process, sewage sludge has different Cu contents, and soil Cu incorporation rates. This study was undertaken to examine the effect of fertilisation with different types of sewage sludge (anaerobic, composted, and pelletised) on the concentration of total and available Cu in the soil, the tree growth, the pasture production, and the concentration of Cu in the pasture when compared with control treatments (i.e. no fertilisation and mineral fertilisation) in a silvopastoral system under Eucalyptus nitens Maiden. The results of this experiment show that an improvement of the soil pH increased the incorporation and the mineralisation of the sewage sludge and litter, and therefore, the release of Cu from the soil. Moreover, the concentration of Cu in the pasture and the levels of Cu extracted by the pasture improved when the soil organic matter decreased because the high levels of organic matter in the soil could have formed Cu complex. The composted sewage sludge (COM) increased a) the soil variables studied (pH, total Cu, and available Cu) and b) the Cu extracted by the pasture, both probably due to the higher inputs of cations made with it. In any case, the levels of Cu found in the soil never exceeded the maximums as set by Spanish regulations and did not cause harmful effects on the plants and animals. Therefore, the use of COM as an organic fertiliser should be promoted in silvopastoral systems established in edaphoclimatic conditions similar to this study because COM enhanced the productivity of the system from a viewpoint of the soil and the pasture, without causing any environmental damage. Copyright © 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

  20. "Ja blagodaren narodu..."

    Index Scriptorium Estoniae

    2001-01-01

    Tipp-poliitikud kommenteerivad Arnold Rüütli valimist Eesti presidendiks. Refereeritud Henrik Roonemaa artiklit "President Arnold Rüütel lubab Eesti kreenist välja tuua" jt., Eesti Päevaleht (2001/Sep/22)

  1. Corporate human rights accountability : the objections of western governments to the Alien Tort Statute / Uta Kohl

    Index Scriptorium Estoniae

    Kohl, Uta

    2014-01-01

    Kohtuasjast Kiobel v Royal Dutch Petroleum Co; USA õigusaktist Alien Tort Statute, mis lubab USA kohtutesse esitada inimõiguste rikkumisega seotud hagisid ka USA kodakondsust mitteomavatel inimestel. Vt ka artiklit lk. 699-719

  2. Eelnõu jätab kiirlaenu intressi suuruse kohtu otsustada / Lauri Linnamäe

    Index Scriptorium Estoniae

    Linnamäe, Lauri

    2008-01-01

    Seaduseelnõust, mis lubab kohtusse antud võlglastel taotleda ebamõistlikult suure intressi tühistamist, kuid ebamõistlikkuse piir jääb kohtu otsustada. Lisatud: kiirlaenuvõlglaste hulk kasvab kiires tempos

  3. Energy leads talks

    Index Scriptorium Estoniae

    2011-01-01

    Leedu energeetikaminister Arvidas Sekmokas lubab teha kõik endast sõltuva, et Leedus hakataks põlevkivigaasi tootma. Baltimaade peaministrid ei ole suutnud siiani otsustada, millisesse riiki tuleb EL-i poolt osaliselt finantseeritav LNG-terminal

  4. Pro i contra radikalizma / Vladimir Stroi

    Index Scriptorium Estoniae

    Stroi, Vladimir

    2006-01-01

    Läti valmistub sügisel toimuvateks parlamendivalimisteks, plahvatuslikult on kasvanud poliitiliste ühenduste ja parteide loomine. Hiljuti loodi radikaalne partei Kõik - Lätile!, mis lubab taastada Lätis lätlaste võimu

  5. Arst on patsiendi poolel / Galina Litter

    Index Scriptorium Estoniae

    Litter, Galina, 1956-

    2006-01-01

    Naistearst Galina Litter seadusest, mis lubab alaealistel ilma vanema nõusolekuta aborti teha. Vastus artiklile : Varro Vooglaid. Vanemate vastutus - kas reaalne või paljasõnaline? // Õpetajate Leht (2006) 13. okt., lk. 1, 7

  6. Iisrael lõdvendab Gaza maablokaadi / Hendrik Vosman, Jürgen Tamme

    Index Scriptorium Estoniae

    Vosman, Hendrik

    2010-01-01

    Israeli valitsus vähendas piiranguid ja lubab nüüd toiduaineid, mänguasju, kirjatarbeid, madratseid ja rätikuid Gaza sektorisse tarnida. Hamas nimetas blokaadi leevendamise otsust tühiseks meediapropagandaks

  7. Teaduslikustunud poliitika ja avalik arvamus / Jürgen Habermas ; tõlk. Andres Luure

    Index Scriptorium Estoniae

    Habermas, Jürgen

    2002-01-01

    Poliitika teaduslikustamine ei ole praegusel ajal veel tõsiasi, küll aga tendents, mida asjade seis aimata lubab: eelkõige iseloomustavad seda riigitellimusliku uurimistöö maht ning teadusliku nõustamise ulatus avalikes teenistustes

  8. Kirkilas threatens to quit / Kimberly Kweder

    Index Scriptorium Estoniae

    Kweder, Kimberly

    2007-01-01

    Leedu peaminister Gediminas Kirkilas ähvardas loobuda ametikohast, kui parlament hääletab seaduseeelnõu poolt, mis lubab välja anda sadade miljonite littide väärtuses maksmata pensione, destabiliseerides riigi majandust

  9. Maiden immunization coverage survey in the republic of South Sudan: a cross-sectional study providing baselines for future performance measurement

    Science.gov (United States)

    Mbabazi, William; Lako, Anthony K; Ngemera, Daniel; Laku, Richard; Yehia, Mostafah; Nshakira, Nathan

    2013-01-01

    Introduction Since the comprehensive peace agreement was signed in 2005, institutionalization of immunization services in South Sudan remained a priority. Routine administrative reporting systems were established and showed that national coverage rates for DTP-3 rose from 20% in 2002 to 80% in 2011. This survey was conducted as part of an overall review of progress in implementation of the first EPI Multi-Year Plan for South Sudan 2007-2011. This report provides maiden community coverage estimates for immunization. Methods A cross sectional community survey was conducted between January and May 2012. Ten cluster surveys were conducted to generate state-specific coverage estimates. The WHO 30x7 cluster sampling method was employed. Data was collected using pre-tested, interviewer guided, structured questionnaires through house to house visits. Results The fully immunized children were 7.3%. Coverage for specific antigens were; BCG (28.3%), DTP-1(25.9%), DTP-3 (22.0%), Measles (16.8%). The drop-out rate between the first and third doses of DTP was 21.3%. Immunization coverage estimates based on card and history were higher, at 45.7% for DTP-3, 45.8% for MCV and 32.2% for full immunization. Majority of immunizations (80.8%) were received at health facilities compared to community service points (19.2%). The major reason for missed immunizations was inadequate information (41.1%). Conclusion The proportion of card-verified, fully vaccinated among children aged 12-23 months is very low at 7.3%. Future efforts to improve vaccination quality and coverage should prioritize training of vaccinators and program communication to levels equivalent or higher than investments in EPI cold chain systems since 2007. PMID:24876899

  10. Chemical composition and fumigant toxicity of the essential oils from 16 species of Eucalyptus against Haematobia irritans (Diptera: Muscidae) adults

    OpenAIRE

    Juan, Laura W.; Lucía Mulas, Alejandro; Zerba, Eduardo N.; Harrand, Leonel; Marco, Martín; Masuh, Hector M.

    2011-01-01

    Oils extracted from various species of Eucalyptus (Eucalyptus badjensis Beuzev & Welch, Eucalyptus badjensis x Eucalyptus nitens, Eucalyptus benthamii variety dorrigoensis Maiden & Cambage, Eucalyptus botryoides Smith, Eucalyptus dalrympleana Maiden, Eucalyptus fastigata Deane & Maiden, Eucalyptus nobilis L.A.S. Johnson & K. D. Hill, Eucalyptus polybractea R. Baker, Eucalyptus radiata ssp. radiata Sieber ex Spreng, Eucalyptus resinifera Smith, Eucalyptus robertsonii Blakely, Eucalyptus rubida...

  11. Hüppeline aktsiisitõus teeb ruumi salaviinale / Hindrek Riikoja

    Index Scriptorium Estoniae

    Riikoja, Hindrek

    2007-01-01

    Ilmunud ka: Postimees : na russkom jazõke 15. mai lk. 5. Konjunktuuriinstituudi uuringu järgi tarbis keskmine eestimaalane 2006. aastal 11, 4 liitrit 100 %-list alkoholi. Valitsuse plaanist tõsta alkoholiaktsiisi. Lisa: Suurem palk lubab rohkem juua

  12. Ametnikud naudivad piiramatuid lisatasusid / Kaire Uusen

    Index Scriptorium Estoniae

    Uusen, Kaire

    2004-01-01

    Eestis lubab valitsuse määrus maksta riigiteenistujatele piiramatus ulatuses lisatasu, Euroopa Liidu maades saavad ametnikud tulemustasu 10-15% palgast. Lisa: Lisatasud võivad tuua suurema osa palgast. Kommenteerivad: Christoph Demmke, Hans Peter Larsen ja Tiit Randla

  13. "Ei maksa seda isatamist väga üle ka pingutada". Lapsevanemate isapuhkusest loobumise diskursused / Marion Pajumets

    Index Scriptorium Estoniae

    Pajumets, Marion

    2007-01-01

    Lapsehoolduspuhkusest ning 2008. aasta jaanuaris rakenduvast vanemahüvitise seaduse muudatusest, mis pikendab hüvitise maksmise perioodi nelja kuu võrra ja lubab isadel seda võtta juba laste 70 päevaseks saades. Uurimus isapuhkuse kasutamisest. Tabel

  14. Aastatepikkune visadus viis raudtee Baltic Rail Service'ile / Anneli Ammas, Andres Eilart

    Index Scriptorium Estoniae

    Ammas, Anneli, 1962-

    2001-01-01

    Eesti erastamisagentuur sõlmis Baltic Rail Service'iga lepingu 66% Eesti Raudtee aktsiate müügiks. Vt. samas "Uus omanik lubab hakata Eesti Raudtee töötajaid koondama". Kronoloogia: Raudtee müük 1999, 2000, 2001

  15. Näljastreiki pidanud Mussolini ei suutnud oma parteid päästa / Ülle Toode

    Index Scriptorium Estoniae

    Toode, Ülle, 1969-

    2005-01-01

    Benito Mussolini lapselaps Alessandra Mussolini korraldas Roomas kohtuhoone ees näljastreigi, lootes, et kohus lubab tal osaleda Lazio maakonna kohalikel valimistel. Itaalia valimiskomisjoni teatel on Lazios Mussolini partei toetuseks kogutud rohkem kui 4000 allkirjast vähemalt 870 võltsitud

  16. Lasnamäe peab muutuma turvalisemaks / Sergei Ivanov

    Index Scriptorium Estoniae

    Ivanov, Sergei, 1958-

    2005-01-01

    Riigikogu liige Sergei Ivanov lubab uues linnavolikogus seista selle eest, et Lasnamäel oleks turvaline elada. Oluline on emakeelse hariduse kättesaadavus ning rahvusliku kultuuri ja omapära säilitamine. Vt. samas: Eesti Reformierakonna valitsemisprogramm Tallinnas 2005-2009

  17. Kelle silmast otsida palki? : [essee] / Karl Ast Rumor

    Index Scriptorium Estoniae

    Rumor, Karl, pseud., 1886-1971

    2009-01-01

    Essee on ajendatud ametlikust teadaandest, mis lubab kuni olümpiamängude lõpuni viisavabalt Soome siseneda. Autor muretseb võimaluse pärast samamoodi vabalt riigist lahkuda, mitte sattuda Nõukogude raudeesriide taha. Käsitletakse ka Soome saatust ja hoiakuid üldisemalt

  18. 76 FR 24865 - Privacy Act of 1974; System of Records

    Science.gov (United States)

    2011-05-03

    ..., mother's maiden name, mother's middle name, other names used, personal cell telephone number, personal e... information, mother's maiden name, mother's middle name, other names used, personal cell telephone number...

  19. Tõeliselt julge projekt = A brave project, indeed / Tarja Nurmi

    Index Scriptorium Estoniae

    Nurmi, Tarja

    2013-01-01

    Aidu püramiidid. Arhitekt: Kadarik Tüür Arhitektid (KTA). Autorid: Ott Kadarik, Mihkel Tüür. Projekt: 2011-2013. Vastavalt projektile on alale ette nähtud restoranid, veinikeldrid, ujumiskohad jm. Peapüramiid (130 m kõrge) lubab harrastada mägironimist

  20. Pension pool keskmist palka? / Eiki Nestor

    Index Scriptorium Estoniae

    Nestor, Eiki, 1953-

    2007-01-01

    Ilmunud ka: Linnaleht : Tartu, 30. okt. 2007, lk. 8. Poliitik, kes lubab viia keskmise pensioni pooleni keskmisest palgast, kuid võõrtööjõudu Eestisse tuua ei taha, pensioniiga ega sotsiaalmaksu tõsta ei soovi, on autori arvates kas rumal või valetab

  1. Viga võib tekitada liigse süükoorma / Piret Bristol

    Index Scriptorium Estoniae

    Bristol, Piret, 1961-

    2006-01-01

    Õppivas organisatsioonis ei peaks ruumi olema õpitud abitusel, süüdistamisel ja häbistamisel. Vt. samas: Eksinud ja murest murtud töökaaslasel saab aidata auru välja lasta; Tänitamine tekitab tõrke; Õpitud optimism lubab eksida

  2. INFLUÊNCIA DAS CARACTERÍSTICAS ANATÔMICAS E DO TEOR DE EXTRATIVOS TOTAIS DA MADEIRA DE Eucalyptus grandis W. Hill ex Maiden NA QUALIDADE DA COLAGEM

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Vanessa Cristina do Sacramento Albino

    2012-01-01

    Full Text Available The study aimed to anatomically characterize and to quantify the total extractives in different positions of the log of Eucalyptus grandis W. Hill ex Maiden with 18 years of age and to assess their influence on the shear strength and percentage of wood failure in adhesive bonded joints with thermosetting resorcinolformaldehyde. Histological slides were prepared for an anatomical study and determined the total extractive content. The preparation of bonded joints was made according to ASTM D 2339-98(2000. It was used the correlation coefficient of Pearson, 1 % probability by t test to evaluate the correlation between the anatomical and extractives content with the quality of the glued joints. It was found that there was a correlation between the shear strength with the following characteristics: vessel diameter, wall width, length and width of the fiber, the width of the radius and total extractives content. For the percentage of woodfailure, there was a correlation between this with the following characteristics: the frequency of vessels, thickness of the heatof fiber, and high frequency of lightning. Both the radial direction as in the longitudinal direction of the logs there was change in the values found for the measurement of the anatomical elements, the total amount of extractives, the shear test strength and the percentage of wood failure.

  3. Monitoramento do teor de umidade de madeiras de Pinus elliottii Engelm. E Eucalyptus grandis W. Hill ex Maiden, sob diferentes temperaturas de secagem, através do ultra-som

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Leandro Calegari

    2007-01-01

    Full Text Available With the purpose of evaluating the viability of use of ultrasonic technique to estimate the wood moisture content during the drying process, samples of Pinus elliottii Engelm. and Eucalyptus grandis W. Hill ex Maiden with dimensions of 3.5 cm thick, 10 cm width and 25 cm long were submitted to drying temperatures of 20, 40 and 70ºC. A PUNDIT ultrasonic equipment with plane face transducers by 50 KHz was used to measure sound velocity in the longitudinal direction of the wood. Results indicated increase of estimated ultrasonic speed with reduction of moisture content. This relationship showed to be valid for the wood from green to the end of the drying process, and the best determination coefficients were found in the eucalypt wood (R² = 81%. Although no influence of the species in the ultrasonic speed has been observed, this one was influenced by the wood specific gravity and by the drying temperature. The effect of the specific mass was directly proportional for the pinus wood. Opposite effect was observed in eucalypt wood. The ultrasonic speed tended to decrease as drying temperature increased for both species. Results suggest that this method presents good potential for the control of the drying process.

  4. Adamkus encouraged to grant citizenship to U.S. basketball player

    Index Scriptorium Estoniae

    2006-01-01

    Kuigi uus Leedu kodakondsusseaduse muudatus lubab anda Leedu koondises mängivatele välismaa tippsportlastele Leedu kodakondsuse, lükkas president Valdas Adamkus USA korvpalluri Kathryn Douglas'e kodakondsustaotluse tagasi. Sama ka: Adamkus denies U.S. basketball star citizenship//The Baltic Times 2006, 24-30 aug., lk 4

  5. Ekspert : Eestis ei vajata linnugripi tõrjeks välisabi / Nataly Koppel

    Index Scriptorium Estoniae

    Koppel, Nataly

    2005-01-01

    Eesti veterinaar- ja toiduameti arvates saab Eesti haiguse tõkestamisel hakkama omal jõul, sest seadus lubab operatsioonidesse kaasata nii päästeametite töötajaid kui sõjaväelasi, mistõttu välisabi ei vajata. Lisa: Linnugripi tüvi H5N1

  6. Res Publica pakub sponsoritele anonüümsust / Virkko Lepassalu

    Index Scriptorium Estoniae

    Lepassalu, Virkko, 1971-

    2003-01-01

    Mõnede tõenäoliselt Res Publica lähedaste ettevõtjate seas levib erakonna nimel rahapalumiskiri, mis lubab sponsorile anonüümsust. Vt. samas: Telefonikõne ettevõtja ja Res Publica aseesimehe Ken-Marti Vaheri vahel ; Teisedki on saanud rahaallikaid varjates ; Res Publica on loobunud reklaamibroneeringutest

  7. Kalarannas on ohtlikud augud / Ulvar Käärt

    Index Scriptorium Estoniae

    Käärt, Ulvar, 1982-

    2011-01-01

    Linnainstallatsioonide festivali Lift11 raames huvilistele avatud Kalarannast. Installatsiooni autorid: Toomas Paaver, Teele Pehk, Triin Talk. Kalaranna esitlemine omavastutusliku rannana peaks tähelepanu tõmbama piironnaga seotud plaanidele, mille sihiks on elamu- ja sadamaarendus. Kinnisvarafirmale Pro Kapital kuuluval kinnistul olevad ohtlikud augud lubab firma lähipäevil likvideerida

  8. Emad kinolinal / Maria Ulfsak-Sheripova

    Index Scriptorium Estoniae

    Ulfsak-Šeripova, Maria, 1981-

    2007-01-01

    Filmid : Roger Mitchelli "Ema", Douglas Sirki "Kõik, mida taevas lubab", Rainer Werner Fassbinderi "Hirm närib hinge seest", Todd Haynesi "On taevas nii kaugel", Alfred Hitchcocki "Psühho", Woody Alleni "New Yorgi lood", Lars von Trieri "Idioodid", "Alieni" filmid, Pedro Almodovari "Kõik minu emast" ja Catherine Breillat' "Romanss"

  9. Haiglavoodisse sattunud patsiendid küsivad internetti / Nils Niitra, Sandra Maasalu

    Index Scriptorium Estoniae

    Niitra, Nils, 1975-

    2006-01-01

    Vt. ka Tartu Postimees 16. juuni, lk. 1 ; Postimees : na russkom jazõke 19. juuni, lk. 9. Pärnu haiglas saavad kõik patsiendid, kel tervis lubab, palatis sülearvutiga traadita internetti kasutada. Tartu ja Tallinna haiglates levib WiFi esialgu tagasihoidlikumalt - kui üldse, siis ainult osas ruumidest

  10. 75 FR 70365 - Privacy Act Of 1974; System of Records

    Science.gov (United States)

    2010-11-17

    ... ID; date of birth; e-mail address; telephone number; social security number; mother's maiden name... number; mother's maiden name; ZIP code; place and date of registration for My HealtheVet; delegate and... to drug abuse, alcoholism or alcohol abuse, sickle cell anemia or infection with the human...

  11. Growth models for six Eucalyptus species in Angola | Delgado ...

    African Journals Online (AJOL)

    This study developed growth models for Eucalyptus saligna Sm., E. camaldulensis Dehnh., E. macarthurii H.Deane & Maiden, E. resinifera Sm., E. siderophloia Benth. and E. grandis Hill ex. Maiden, for the central highlands of Angola, and used these models to simulate the development of stand characteristics.

  12. Pariisis püütakse päästa Afganistani / Evelyn Kaldoja

    Index Scriptorium Estoniae

    Kaldoja, Evelyn, 1980-

    2008-01-01

    Ilmunud ka: Postimees : na russkom jazõke 12. juuni 2008, lk. 7. Pariisis toimuval Afganistani doonorite konverentsil küsib Afganistani president Hamid Karzai veel 50 miljardit dollarit lisaraha. Integrity Watch Afghanistan (IWA) ja Maailmapanga raportitest toetusrahade kasutamise kohta. Lisa: Eesti toetus. Vt. samas intervjuud välisminister Urmas Paetiga: Eesti lubab Afganistanile pikaajalist abi

  13. Lang tahab Eestist peletada maailma transiidigigandi / Raimo Poom

    Index Scriptorium Estoniae

    Poom, Raimo

    2009-01-01

    Eesti suurima naftaterminali Vopak E.O.S-i Hollandi omaniku Royal Vopaki kirjast peaminister Andrus Ansipile ja neljale ministrile, milles märgitakse, et plaanitav Tallinna vangla asuks ohtlikke kaupu käitlevate rajatiste suhtes väga suure riskiga tsoonis ning kui vanglale teist asukohta ei leita, lubab firma siia tehtavad investeeringud üle vaadata

  14. JPRS Report, China.

    Science.gov (United States)

    1991-03-06

    cast a horoscope and found that the understood something from the maiden’s words, the time has come. Your star is moving in this direction. I driver...to see the horoscope -casting young maiden anxiously watched everything. He can leisurely and freely go through tightly in the direction from which the

  15. Concordia maja haldaja võib tudengid kooli ukse taha jätta / Sigrid Laev

    Index Scriptorium Estoniae

    Laev, Sigrid

    2003-01-01

    Concordia ülikooli ruumide haldaja lubab üürivõla tõttu rentimise lõpetada. Haridusminister Mailis Ranna sõnul tuleb hakata läbi rääkima, kas Tallinna Pedagoogikaülikool on valmis andma kasutusele oma ruume või kas on võimalik saada muid rendipindu. Valitsus keeldus kategooriliselt Concordia miljonivõlgu maksmast. AS Audentes loobus Concordia ostmisest

  16. Põllumajandusrevolutsiooni tõotavad uudised / refereerinud Aive Mõttus

    Index Scriptorium Estoniae

    2013-01-01

    Nottinghami ülikooli teadlastel on õnnestunud luua tehnoloogia, mis lubab taimedel võtta kasvuks vajalikku lämmastikku õhust, selle asemel, et kasutada põldudel kalleid ja keskkonda kahjustavaid väetisi. Teine täiesti uudne, kuid samuti õhulämmastikuga seotud tehnoloogia pärineb Iirimaalt. Raadiolainetega turgutatud vee kasutamine köögi- ja puuviljataimede kastmisel tõotab senisest kuni 30% suuremat saaki

  17. Pengaruh variasi ukuran biji terhadap perkecambahan Acacia fauntleroyi (maiden maiden and blakely

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Mangadas Lumban Gaol

    2012-02-01

    Full Text Available The aim of this study was to investigate to what extent are germination of A. fauntleroyi affected by seed size. Does pre-treatment improve germination? Under what temperature regime does most seed germinate? Three seed size classes (small, medium and largewere chosen. Seeds were pre-treatments either at ambient, 50 °C, 75 °C or 100 ° C and incubated at 15 ° C or 30 °C. Then, number of seed that germinate and speed of germination were measure. Five seeds representing each of small, medium and large seed sizes were also selected and the seed coat thickness measured. Seed size, pre-treatment temperature and incubation temperature all affected the number of seed that germinated. Pre-treatment temperature affected germination more than incubation temperature. Incubation temperature affected germination more than seed size. The interaction of seed size and pre-treatment temperature was stronger than that between seed size and incubation temperature. Small seeds produce less germination than medium or large seeds, however small seed germinated sooner. Seed coat thickness varied among seed sizes. Thinner seed coats occur in smaller than larger seeds. Acacia; Germination; Incubation; Pre-treatment; Seed size

  18. FORMA DE TRONCO E SORTIMENTOS DE MADEIRA DE Eucalyptus grandis Hill ex Maiden, NA REGIÃO SUDESTE DO ESTADO DO RIO GRANDE DO SUL

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Paulo Renato Schneider

    2005-07-01

    Full Text Available No presente trabalho, foi estudada a forma de tronco do Eucalyptus grandis Hill ex Maiden, com base em 261 árvores cubadas, cobrindo diâmetros entre 8,0 cm e 74,0 cm ao nível do dap (diâmetro à altura do peito originadas de florestas de propriedade da Aracruz Celulose S. A., localizadas em hortos florestais da Depressão Central e do Escudo Sul-Riograndense, no Rio Grande do Sul, para a determinação de volume e formação de sortimentos de madeira em duas classes: serraria, compreendendo toras com diâmetro na ponta fina superior a 25,0 cm com casca e com comprimentos de 5,60 metros, 4,20 metros e 2,80 metros, priorizando a formação de sortimentos com o maior comprimento; indústria, para troncos ou porções destes com diâmetros entre 8,0 cm e 25,0 cm com casca. O polinômio do quinto grau, tendo como variável dependente os diâmetros relativos (di/d e independente as alturas relativas (hi/h, foi selecionado para descrever a forma, com estratificação dos dados em três classes de diâmetro à altura do peito: diâmetro até 20,0 cm; entre 20,0 cm e 30,0 cm e maiores que 30,0 cm, com coeficientes de determinação superiores a 0,97 e erro padrão da estimativa inferior a 6,2 %, permitindo estimar o volume absoluto e relativo dos sortimentos por integração da função de forma. O ajuste do modelo para o conjunto de árvores cobrindo toda a amplitude de diâmetros gerou um coeficiente de determinação igual à 0,98 e erro padrão da estimativa igual a 6,54 % permitindo também selecionar o modelo para ajuste da forma e obtenção dos sortimentos.

  19. Produção de biomassa e remoção de nutrientes em povoamentos de Eucalyptus camaldulensis Dehnh, Eucalyptus grandis hill ex Maiden e Eucalyptus torelliana F. Muell, plantados em Anhembí, SP.

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Mauro Valdir Schumacher

    2009-09-01

    Full Text Available Normal 0 21 false false false MicrosoftInternetExplorer4 Neste trabalho estudou-se a distribuição de biomassa e a quantidade de nutrientes estocados nos diferentes compartimentos (folhas, ramos, casca e lenho das árvores de Eucalyptus camaldulensis Dehnh, Eucalyptus grandis Hill ex Maiden e Eucalyptus torelliana F. Muell com 9, 9 e 12 anos de idade, respectivamente, plantados em solos de textura arenosa e baixa fertilidade, em Anhembi - SP. A espécie E. grandis foi a que apresentou a maior produção de biomassa para todos os compartimentos analisados, com exceção dos ramos grossos. Nas três espécies o tronco (casca + lenho representou em média 90% da biomassa acima do solo. Os nutrientes concentraram-se de forma decrescente nas folhas, ramos, casca e lenho. As copas das árvores foram responsáveis pelo acúmulo de, aproximadamente, 24% dos nutrientes contidos na biomassa total das árvores. Na casca encontram-se as maiores quantidades de cálcio, aproximadamente 60% do total. A espécie E. grandis removeu do solo a maior quantidade de nutrientes, desenvolvendo através da queda de folhedo menores quantidades que as outras espécies. Desta forma cuidados especiais deverão ser dispensados para garantir a produtividade das rotações futuras.

  20. Estabelecimento, multiplicação e alongamento in vitro de Eucalyptus benthamii Maiden & Cambage x Eucalyptus dunnii Maiden Establishment, multiplication and elongation in vitro of Eucalyptus benthamii Maiden & Cambage x Eucalyptus dunnii Maiden

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Gilvano Ebling Brondani

    2009-02-01

    Full Text Available Neste trabalho foram testadas diferentes concentrações de cloro ativo (NaOCl na assepsia de explantes para o estabelecimento in vitro, bem como benzilaminopurina (BAP e ácido naftalenoacético (ANA para a multiplicação e alongamento de Eucalyptus benthamii x Eucalyptus dunnii. As minicepas fornecedoras de propágulos para introdução in vitro foram conduzidas em minijardim clonal sob sistema semi-hidropônico. Segmentos nodais dos clones H12, H19 e H20 foram desinfestados com 0,5; 1,0; 1,5; e 2,0% (v/v de cloro ativo durante 10 min e inoculados em meio de cultura MS. Na obtenção de brotações múltiplas, utilizou-se o meio de cultura ½MS suplementado com 0; 0,25; 0,50; 0,75; e 1,0 mg L-1 de BAP. Na fase de alongamento, utilizou-se o meio de cultura ½MS com 0; 0,25; 0,50; 0,75; e 1,0 mg L-1 de ANA. Não houve interação entre os fatores estudados, obtendo-se 45%, 46% e 66% de estabelecimento do clone H12, H19 e H20, respectivamente. A concentração de BAP que resultou na maior proliferação de gemas axilares para o clone H12 aos 60 dias foi estimada na faixa de 0,25 e 0,30 mg L-1. Aos 60 dias, a faixa entre 0,25 e 0,75 mg L-1 de ANA promoveu o maior número de brotações alongadas do clone H12.This work aimed to evaluate different concentrations of active chlorine (NaOCl in explant asepsis for the establishment in vitro as well as of benzylaminopurine (BAP and naphthalene acetic acid (NAA in the multiplication and elongation of Eucalyptus benthamii x Eucalyptus dunnii. Ministumps, which supply shoots for introduction in vitro, were cultivated in a clonal mini garden under semi-hydroponic system. Nodal segments of clones H12, H19 and H20 were disinfested with 0.5, 1.0, 1.5 and 2.0% (v/v of active chlorine during 10 minutes and inoculated in MS medium. In the multiplication phase, culture ½MS medium supplemented with 0, 0.25, 0.50, 0.75 and 1.0 mg L-1 of BAP was used. In the elongation phase, ½MS medium supplemented with 0, 0.25, 0.50, 0.75 and 1.0 mg L-1 of NAA was used. No interaction occurred between the studied levels, with 45%, 46% and 66% of establishment of clones H12, H19 and H20, respectively. The BAP concentration that resulted in the highest axillary's bud proliferation for clone H12 at 60 days was estimated in the range of 0.25 to 0.30 mg L-1. At 60 days, the range between 0.25 to 0.75 mg L-1 of NAA, promoted the highest number of elongated shoots for H12 clone.

  1. Samal teemal : kas karistus või võimalused? / Epp Rebane

    Index Scriptorium Estoniae

    Rebane, Epp, 1954-

    2003-01-01

    Vastukaja art.: Kala, Mairoos and Veskioja, Andrus. Klassist klassi määruse abil ... // Õpetajate Leht (2003) 30. mai.1996/1997. õa kehtima hakanud HM-i määrus nr 26 13. novembrist lubab klassikursuse kordajaid kas või kõigis ainetes puudulike hinnetega järgmisse klassi üle viia (kolmandaks aastaks samasse klassi jätta ei tohi). Selle tagajärjel suureneb iga aastaga klassikursuse kordajate ja järgmisse klassi üle viidavate õpilaste arv

  2. Metformin: Midlife maturity, maiden charm

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Sanjay Kalra

    2012-01-01

    Full Text Available Metformin is one of the most commonly prescribed drugs for management of Type 2 diabetes mellitus. It has been in use for almost five decades. Now, pharmacological properties of this agent are being exapted for use in a number of other indications. New facets of its personality are coming up, generating more interest of the scientific community in this "middle-aged" molecule. This article explores the role of metformin in cardioprotection and its hepatoprotective properties. Nephroprotective, protection against excess body fat and gonadoprotective actions, properties have also been discussed. Additionally, this manuscript briefly reviews the thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH-lowering properties in diabetic and non-diabetic patients, besides reviewing its actions on different types of cancers. Some of these actions may become approved indications for use of metformin following generation of new evidence. Metformin still has many unexplored dimensions that deserve further exploration.

  3. Influence of the date of cut of rootstocks to the stub on growth of maider sour cherry trees cv. 'Łutówka'

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Stanisław Wociór

    2013-12-01

    Full Text Available Over a three-year period (1997-1999 investigations were conducted on the effect of 6 date of cut to the stub on tree trunk diameter, height and branching of sour cherry maidens in the nursery.On the Prunus mahaleb seedling rootstock were found no significant influen ce of the date between January, 15 - March, 30 of cut to the stub on growth of sour cherry maidens cv. ´Łutówka' (tree trunk diameter and branching and efficiency of nursery. The date of cutting in 15 April decreased trunk diameter and percent of the first quality trees.

  4. Aplicação de IBA para o enraizamento de miniestacas de Eucalyptus benthamii Maiden & Cambage x Eucalyptus dunnii Maiden = IBA application for rooting of Eucalyptus benthamii Maiden and Cambage x Eucalyptus dunnii Maiden minicuttings

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Gilvano Ebling Brondani

    2010-10-01

    Full Text Available O Eucalyptus apresenta grande importância no setor florestal e muitos avanços na área do melhoramento foram conquistados com o advento da biotecnologia. Contudo, alguns genótipos promissores ainda não possuem protocolos de multiplicação com técnicas de clonagem, como a miniestaquia. Objetivou-se avaliar concentrações de IBA na sobrevivência, enraizamento e vigor vegetativo de miniestacas de E. benthamii x E. dunnii, com a determinação da dose de máxima eficiência técnica. Minicepas dos clones H12, H19 e H20 foram manejadas em minijardim clonal em sistema semi-hidropônico. Para o enraizamento, mergulhou-se a porção basal da miniestaca em soluções hidroalcoólicas, cujas concentrações foram: 0, 2.000, 4.000, 6.000 e 8.000 mg L-1 de IBA. O experimento foi conduzido no delineamento inteiramente casualizado, sendo constituído por três clones e cinco concentrações de IBA, com cinco repetições, contendo dez miniestacas por repetição. O IBA influenciou positivamente os processos rizogênicos das miniestacas com resposta diferenciada entre os clones, a qual variou de 30,32 a 55,45% de enraizamento. Para os clones H12 e H19, os incrementos positivos ocorreram até a maiorconcentração de IBA. Contudo, a faixa situada entre os tratamentos de 4.000 e 6.000 mg L-1 de IBA promoveu os melhores resultados de enraizamento para o clone H20. Eucalyptus has great importance in the forestry sector and many advances in the area of improvement have been achieved with the advent of biotechnological techniques. However, some promising genotypes still do not have multiplication protocols with cloning techniques, such as minicutting. The study aimed to evaluate IBA concentrations for survival, rooting and vegetative vigor of E. benthamii x E. dunnii minicuttings, and determine the maximum technical efficiency dose. Ministumps H12, H19 and H20 clones were cultivated in a clonal minigarden under a semi-hydroponic system. For rooting, the minicutting basal portion was plunged in hydro-alcoholic solutions, whose concentrations were: 0; 2,000; 4,000; 6,000 and 8,000 mg L-1 of IBA. The experiment was conducted in a completely randomized design, with the factors consisting of three clones and five IBA concentrations, with five replications, containing 10 minicuttings per replication. IBA positively influenced the minicutting rooting processes, with differentiated behavior between the clones, with 30.32 to 55.45% rooting variation. The positives increments occurred until the highest IBA concentration for H12 and H19 clones. However, the range between 4,000 and 6,000 mg L-1 ofIBA treatments promoted the best rooting results for the H20 clone.

  5. Uusi heliplaate / Tõnu Pedaru

    Index Scriptorium Estoniae

    Pedaru, Tõnu

    1999-01-01

    Heliplaatidest Iron Maiden "Ed Hunter", Comet Gain "Tigertown Pictures", Leftfield "Rhythm And Stealth", The Beatles "Yellow Submarine Songtrack", Unwound "A Single History 1991-1997", Astrid "Redground"

  6. 75 FR 65647 - National Register of Historic Places; Notification of Pending Nominations and Related Actions

    Science.gov (United States)

    2010-10-26

    .... Paul Loether, National Register of Historic Places/National Historic Landmarks Program. AMERICAN SAMOA...., Maiden's Alley, Cherry Alley, Mulberry Alley, Bardstown, 10000905 Todd County Woodstock, 6338 Clarksville...

  7. Modern Weapons and Military Equipment for Issue 1/2014

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Mladen R. Tišma

    2014-02-01

    Full Text Available Czech Aero star development of L-169 trainer; Scorpion light attack jet performs maiden flight; New M-345 HET trainer revealed; Turkish attack helicopter again in delay; India’s LCA Tejas reaches IOC; Iran reveals UCAV Fotros; Integration of Meteor missile onto Gripen E agreed; French MoD and MBDA signed development and production contract for antitank system Moyenne Portee; UK invests 79 million Pounds into development of new generation submarines; German Iris-T SL surface-to-air missile successful trails; Alexander Nevsky submarine enters into operation with the Russian Navy; Maiden flight of Chinese Z-20 helicopter; F-35’s first live AMRAAM firing; KAI reveals model of the new version of its KFX fighter; Lockheed’s Skunk Works reveals SR-72; India’s DRDO presents tactical ballistic missile Pragati; Sikorsky Innovations wins contract for VTOL experimental aircraft; Jordanian gunship CN235 performs maiden flight; General Atomics shows its EMRG railgun; Aurora too wins contract for Phase I of VTOL X-Plane program; Airbus Military reveals more details on new Fire-fighter; US proposal of weapons and equipment for Romanian F-16A/B; Russia to develop light-weight front-line fighter; Start of Eurofighter cruise missile integration trails.

  8. Juta Rabe lubab tuukrid uuesti Estoniale saata / Antti Oolo

    Index Scriptorium Estoniae

    Oolo, Antti, 1967-

    2000-01-01

    Juta Rabe ja tema tööandja Saksa Filmikompanii Top Story plaanivad kevadel uut tuukriekspeditsiooni Estonia vrakile ning tahavad paluda ametliku uurimiskomisjoni liikme Kari Lehtola endale eksperdiks

  9. G20 lubab kiireid vahendeid majanduse turgutamiseks / Sirje Rank

    Index Scriptorium Estoniae

    Rank, Sirje, 1966-

    2008-01-01

    Washingtonis ülemaailmsele finantskriisile lahendusi otsinud G20 tööstusriikide ja arengumaade liidrid leidsid, et ülemaailmne rahandussüsteem vajab rangemat järelevalvet ning arenevad riigid maailmamajanduses suuremat kaasarääkimise õigust

  10. 78 FR 8538 - Privacy Act of 1974

    Science.gov (United States)

    2013-02-06

    ... payment history. With respect to qualified employers and the qualified employees utilizing SHOP, the... subject individual's name (woman's maiden name, if applicable), and SSN (furnishing the SSN is voluntary...

  11. The specificity of folklore and mythological motifs in the novel “Tsar Maiden” by Vsevolod Solovyov

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Lyapina Svetlana Mitrofanovna

    2014-12-01

    Full Text Available The article deals with folklore motifs in the novel by Vsevolod Solovyov “Tsar-maiden”, and reveals the link between this work and a magic tale. The author comes to the conclusion that the appeal to the image of the Tsar-maiden due to the desire of the writer to show the irrational spirit of pre-Petrine Russia, judgment of the people of the rulers of Imperial power. In the popular view of the nation the fact that the woman has become a monarch it was beyond their comprehension and considered a miracle akin to a fairy tale. Therefore, from Vsevolod Solovyov’s viewpoint, a fabulous image of the Tsar-maiden in the minds of the people coincided with the image of Princess Sophia.

  12. Changes in gender discrimination after death: evidence from a cemetery.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Abel, Ernest L

    Information on tombstones from a large cemetery in New York State were analyzed for gender discrimination. Criteria for gender bias were indications of familial relationships, absence of surnames, and absence of maiden names combined with surname for married women. Overall, females were far more likely to be identified in terms of familial relationships and were far less likely to have their married surname included on their gravestone. However, when the data were divided into 50 year epochs, it was apparent that identification of women in terms of familial relationships had become far less common and indication of surnames had become more common over the last 150 years. There was also a slight trend for women to have both their maiden and surnames on their grave markers.

  13. 41 CFR 105-64.001 - What terms are defined in this part?

    Science.gov (United States)

    2010-07-01

    ... Federal personnel or payroll systems of records, or systems of records used to establish or verify an... birth, mother's maiden name, biometric records, including any other personal information which can be...

  14. Metal-plaadid / Sergo Selder

    Index Scriptorium Estoniae

    Selder, Sergo

    2005-01-01

    Uutest heliplaatidest Deftones "B-Sides & Rarities", Metsatöll "Terast mis hangunud me hinge 10218", Horricane "The Lynch-Lawers", "Chimaira", Disturbed "Ten Thousand Fists", Iron Maiden "Death On The Road", Fear Factory "Transgression"

  15. Plaadid / Valner Valme

    Index Scriptorium Estoniae

    Valme, Valner, 1970-

    2003-01-01

    Uutest plaatidest Chingy "Jackpot", Don Johnson Big Band "Breaking Daylight", Mars Volta "De-loused In The Comatorium", Ella Fitzgerald "Sings Sweet Songs For Swingers", Queen "Live At Wembley 86", Iron Maiden "Dance Of Death"

  16. Timoshenko and His Books

    Indian Academy of Sciences (India)

    Polytechnic Institute, Timoshenko took the plunge to writing his maiden ... role in uplifting technical education worldwide, but more em- ... ltlthe initial period, the spring semester of 1907, I gave a short elementary courseorithestrerigth of.

  17. Pop / Mart Niineste

    Index Scriptorium Estoniae

    Niineste, Mart, 1983-

    2005-01-01

    Heliplaatidest: Transplants "Haunted Cities", Tu'm "Just one night", Black Rebel Motorcycle Club "Howl", Opeth "Ghost Reveries", Iron Maiden "Death on the Road", Yes "The Word is Live", Mogwai "Government Commisions: BBC Sessions 1996 - 2003"

  18. Plaadid / Veiko Pesur

    Index Scriptorium Estoniae

    Pesur, Veiko

    2006-01-01

    Uutest heliplaatidest Iron Maiden "A Matter of Life and Death", Quantic "An Announcement To Answer", The Answer "Rise", Amp Fiddler "Afro Strut", Honey Power "Macrosilly", Paris Hilton "Paris", Marie Fredriksson "Min Bäste vän"

  19. Popmuusika / Valner Valme

    Index Scriptorium Estoniae

    Valme, Valner, 1970-

    2005-01-01

    Uutest heliplaatidest The Darkness "One Way Ticket To Hell... And Back", Ryan Adams & The CArdinals "Jacksonvile City Nights", Ammoncontact "New Birth", Shakira "Oral Fixation", Rammstein "Rosenrot", Alanis Morissete "The Collection", Iron Maiden "Death On The Road"

  20. Ecophysiological modeling of photosynthesis and carbon allocation to the tree stem in the boreal forest

    Science.gov (United States)

    Gennaretti, Fabio; Gea-Izquierdo, Guillermo; Boucher, Etienne; Berninger, Frank; Arseneault, Dominique; Guiot, Joel

    2017-11-01

    A better understanding of the coupling between photosynthesis and carbon allocation in the boreal forest, together with its associated environmental factors and mechanistic rules, is crucial to accurately predict boreal forest carbon stocks and fluxes, which are significant components of the global carbon budget. Here, we adapted the MAIDEN ecophysiological forest model to consider important processes for boreal tree species, such as nonlinear acclimation of photosynthesis to temperature changes, canopy development as a function of previous-year climate variables influencing bud formation and the temperature dependence of carbon partition in summer. We tested these modifications in the eastern Canadian taiga using black spruce (Picea mariana (Mill.) B.S.P.) gross primary production and ring width data. MAIDEN explains 90 % of the observed daily gross primary production variability, 73 % of the annual ring width variability and 20-30 % of its high-frequency component (i.e., when decadal trends are removed). The positive effect on stem growth due to climate warming over the last several decades is well captured by the model. In addition, we illustrate how we improve the model with each introduced model adaptation and compare the model results with those of linear response functions. Our results demonstrate that MAIDEN simulates robust relationships with the most important climate variables (those detected by classical response-function analysis) and is a powerful tool for understanding how environmental factors interact with black spruce ecophysiology to influence present-day and future boreal forest carbon fluxes.

  1. Browse Title Index

    African Journals Online (AJOL)

    Items 51 - 100 of 498 ... ... Outbreak Of Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza (Hpai) In A Mixed .... Vol 24, No 1 (2003), Clinical manifestations of canine distemper in ... associated with the maiden diagnosis of avian influenza in Nigeria, Abstract PDF.

  2. Gordon Brown lubab valijal riigieelarvet ümber teha / Siim Trumm

    Index Scriptorium Estoniae

    Trumm, Siim

    2007-01-01

    Peaminister Gordon Brown kavandab mitmeid reforme, et viia riigivõim rahvale lähemale. Inglismaa kümne piirkonna inimestele antakse võimalus otsustada rahvahääletuse kaudu kohaliku eelarve jaotamise üle. Lisa: Browni ja leiboristide toetus kasvab

  3. Euroopa Liit lubab toetada Afganistani ka tulevikus heldelt / Ahto Lobjakas

    Index Scriptorium Estoniae

    Lobjakas, Ahto, 1970-

    2005-01-01

    Euroopa Komisjoni president Jose Manuel Barroso ja Euroopa Liidu ühise välispoliitika peakoordinaator Javier Solana lubasid Afganistani presidendile Hamid Karzaile, et Euroopa Liit jätkab kestva välisabi osutamist riigile ka peale parlamendivalimiste toimumist septembris

  4. Juhan Parts lubab investeerida teedesse / Juhan Parts ; interv. Tanel Raig

    Index Scriptorium Estoniae

    Parts, Juhan, 1966-

    2007-01-01

    Ilmunud ka: Delovõje Vedomosti 17. okt. lk. 13. Majandusminister Juhan Parts arutleb lahendamist vajavate küsimuste ja prioriteetsete investeeringute üle transpordisektoris. Lisa: Juhan Partsi kuus kuud ministrina

  5. The Maiden Voyage of a Kinematics Robot

    Science.gov (United States)

    Greenwolfe, Matthew L.

    2015-01-01

    In a Montessori preschool classroom, students work independently on tasks that absorb their attention in part because the apparatus are carefully designed to make mistakes directly observable and limit exploration to one aspect or dimension. Control of error inheres in the apparatus itself, so that teacher intervention can be minimal. Inspired by…

  6. The Maiden Voyage of a Kinematics Robot

    Science.gov (United States)

    Greenwolfe, Matthew L.

    2015-04-01

    In a Montessori preschool classroom, students work independently on tasks that absorb their attention in part because the apparatus are carefully designed to make mistakes directly observable and limit exploration to one aspect or dimension. Control of error inheres in the apparatus itself, so that teacher intervention can be minimal.1 Inspired by this example, I created a robotic kinematics apparatus that also shapes the inquiry experience. Students program the robot by drawing kinematic graphs on a computer and then observe its motion. Exploration is at once limited to constant velocity and constant acceleration motion, yet open to complex multi-segment examples difficult to achieve in the lab in other ways. The robot precisely and reliably produces the motion described by the students' graphs, so that the apparatus itself provides immediate visual feedback about whether their understanding is correct as they are free to explore within the hard-coded limits. In particular, the kinematic robot enables hands-on study of multi-segment constant velocity situations, which lays a far stronger foundation for the study of accelerated motion. When correction is anonymous—just between one group of lab partners and their robot—students using the kinematic robot tend to flow right back to work because they view the correction as an integral part of the inquiry learning process. By contrast, when correction occurs by the teacher and/or in public (e.g., returning a graded assignment or pointing out student misconceptions during class), students all too often treat the event as the endpoint to inquiry. Furthermore, quantitative evidence shows a large gain from pre-test to post-test scores using the Test of Understanding Graphs in Kinematics (TUG-K).

  7. Maiden Voyage of the Under-Ice Float

    Science.gov (United States)

    Shcherbina, A.; D'Asaro, E. A.; Light, B.; Deming, J. W.; Rehm, E.

    2016-02-01

    The Under-Ice Float (UIF) is a new autonomous platform for sea ice and upper ocean observations in the marginal ice zone (MIZ). UIF is based on the Mixed Layer Lagrangian Float design, inheriting its accurate buoyancy control and relatively heavy payload capability. A major challenge for sustained autonomous observations in the MIZ is detection of open water for navigation and telemetry surfacings. UIF employs the new surface classification algorithm based on the spectral analysis of surface roughness sensed by an upward-looking sonar. A prototype UIF was deployed in the MIZ of the central Arctic Ocean in late August 2015. The main payload of the first UIF was a bio-optical suit consisting of upward- and downward hyperspectral radiometers; temperature, salinity, chlorophyll, turbidity, and dissolved oxygen sensors, and a high-definition photo camera. In the early stages of its mission, the float successfully avoided ice, detected leads, surfaced in open water, and transmitted data and photographs. We will present the analysis of these observations from the full UIF mission extending into the freeze-up season.

  8. Plant guide: Douglas' dusty-maiden (Chaenactic douglasii)

    Science.gov (United States)

    Derek Tilley; Dan Ogle; Loren St. John

    2010-01-01

    Douglas' dustymaiden can be used as part of a native forb component in wildland seedings to increase biodiversity, improve wildlife habitat, and provide food for numerous birds and mammals. Douglas' dustymaiden is readily visited by pollinators and other insect species. It is considered an important species for sage grouse during brood rearing because of its...

  9. A summary of the CMS Create event

    CERN Multimedia

    CERN. Geneva; GASTAL, Martin

    2016-01-01

    The maiden CMS Create event took place in November 2015 and was a huge success. The output from all the participants was fantastic. As organisers we learnt a lot and hope to build on our experience for the 2016 event!

  10. 75 FR 21253 - Privacy Act of 1974; System of Records

    Science.gov (United States)

    2010-04-23

    ... Processing (In/Out Proc): Soldiers' personal cell phone number, home telephone number, personal e-mail address, mailing/home address, emergency contact, mother's maiden name, spouse information, and child information. Transition Processing (TRANSPROC): Soldiers' personal cell phone number, home telephone number...

  11. 75 FR 59718 - US Search, Inc. And US Search, LLC; Analysis of Proposed Consent Order to Aid Public Comment

    Science.gov (United States)

    2010-09-28

    ..., aliases, maiden name, death records, address history, information about friends, associates, and relatives... prohibits US Search from making any representations concerning the effectiveness its ``PrivacyLock'' service... representation covered by the order all advertisements and promotional materials containing the representation...

  12. 78 FR 52117 - DoD Privacy Program

    Science.gov (United States)

    2013-08-22

    ... how the action will meet that need. An individual's privacy is a fundamental legal right that must be... and place of birth, mother's maiden name, biometric records, home phone numbers, other demographic... a photograph. (y) Risk assessment. An analysis considering information sensitivity, vulnerabilities...

  13. Observations on neonatal progress of Dormer and South African ...

    African Journals Online (AJOL)

    Single lambs born to maiden ewes responded slower (P ..;;;0.05) than .... dam), birth year, breed, sex, age of dam, and birth type was ..... at a disadvantage compared to multiples. .... Eds. Oldham, C.M., Martin, G.B. & Purvis, I.W., School of.

  14. Taxonomic evaluation of unidentified Streptomyces isolates in the ARS Culture Collection (NRRL) using multi-locus sequence analysis

    Science.gov (United States)

    The ARS Culture Collection (NRRL) currently contains 7569 strains within the family Streptomycetaceae but 4368 of them have not been characterized to the species level. A gene sequence database using the Bacterial Isolate Genomic Sequence Database package (BIGSdb) (Jolley & Maiden, 2010) is availabl...

  15. Pop / Mart Juur

    Index Scriptorium Estoniae

    Juur, Mart, 1964-

    2002-01-01

    Heliplaatidest: Robbie Williams "Escapalogy", Suicide "American Supreme", Audioslave "Audioslave", Sigur Ros "()", Natacha Atlas & Mark Eagleton Project "Foretold in the Language of Dreams", Iron Maiden "Edward the Great", Gregorian "Masters Of Chant Chapter III", Everything But The Girl "Like Desert Miss The Rain"

  16. Lauli mi, tuvi' toro sisse, kalli kramahvoona sisse... ehk Neiu surm & suured saajad / Marju Torp-Kõivupuu

    Index Scriptorium Estoniae

    Torp-Kõivupuu, Marju, 1960-

    2004-01-01

    Rets. rmt.: The Maiden's Death Song & The Great Wedding : Anne Vabarna's oral twin epic written down by A. O. Väisanen / by Lauri Honko in collaboration with Anneli Honko and Paul Hagu. Helsinki, 2003. Setu rahvalauliku Anne Vabarna kaksikeeposest "Suured saajad. Neiu koolulaul"

  17. Ecophysiological modeling of photosynthesis and carbon allocation to the tree stem in the boreal forest

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    F. Gennaretti

    2017-11-01

    Full Text Available A better understanding of the coupling between photosynthesis and carbon allocation in the boreal forest, together with its associated environmental factors and mechanistic rules, is crucial to accurately predict boreal forest carbon stocks and fluxes, which are significant components of the global carbon budget. Here, we adapted the MAIDEN ecophysiological forest model to consider important processes for boreal tree species, such as nonlinear acclimation of photosynthesis to temperature changes, canopy development as a function of previous-year climate variables influencing bud formation and the temperature dependence of carbon partition in summer. We tested these modifications in the eastern Canadian taiga using black spruce (Picea mariana (Mill. B.S.P. gross primary production and ring width data. MAIDEN explains 90 % of the observed daily gross primary production variability, 73 % of the annual ring width variability and 20–30 % of its high-frequency component (i.e., when decadal trends are removed. The positive effect on stem growth due to climate warming over the last several decades is well captured by the model. In addition, we illustrate how we improve the model with each introduced model adaptation and compare the model results with those of linear response functions. Our results demonstrate that MAIDEN simulates robust relationships with the most important climate variables (those detected by classical response-function analysis and is a powerful tool for understanding how environmental factors interact with black spruce ecophysiology to influence present-day and future boreal forest carbon fluxes.

  18. DVD

    Index Scriptorium Estoniae

    2005-01-01

    Uute DVD-de tutvustus Andrea Bocelli "A Night In Tuscany", Eric Clapton "Crossroads Guitar Festival", David Bowie "Love You Till Tuesday", Genesis "The Video Show", Iron Maiden "The History", "Hip Hop Soul", Scissor Sisters "We Are Scissor Sisters And So Are You", Seal "Videos 1991-2004"

  19. Drivers of Competitiveness and Strategies for Economic ...

    International Development Research Centre (IDRC) Digital Library (Canada)

    Rapports. Effects of environmental regulations on South Asian food and agricultural exports : a gravity analysis. Téléchargez le PDF. Rapports. Developing inland China : do heterogeneous coastal foreign direct investments and exports help? Téléchargez le PDF. Rapports. Compulsory licensing : India's maiden experience.

  20. Eepose-igatsus : neiu surm ja suured saajad / Marju Torp-Kõivupuu

    Index Scriptorium Estoniae

    Torp-Kõivupuu, Marju, 1960-

    2005-01-01

    Rets. rmt.: Honko, Lauri. The Maiden's Death Song & The Great Wedding : Anne Vabarna's oral twin epic written down by A.O. Väisänen / by Lauri Honko in collaboration with Anneli Honko and Paul Hagu. Helsinki : Suomalainen Tiedeakatemia, 2003. (FF communications ; vol. 131, no. 281)

  1. Pjessõ iz "Devitshei igrushki" i frantsuski erotitsheski teatr pervoi polovinõ XVIII veka / Manfred Shruba

    Index Scriptorium Estoniae

    Shruba, Manfred

    2006-01-01

    Erootiline dramaturgia Prantsusmaal alates 1730. aastast. Selle mõju vene dramaturgiale näidendite "Ebihhud" ja "Durnossov i Farnos" näitel. Ingliskeelne kokkuvõte uurimusest : "Manfred Schruba. "The Maidens Plaything" dramaturgy and the French Erotic Theatre of the First Half of the Eighteenth Century", lk. 55-56

  2. Eastern Africa Social Science Research Review

    African Journals Online (AJOL)

    The Eastern Africa Social Science Research Review (EASSRR) is a bi-annual journal published by the Organization for Social Science Research in Eastern Africa (OSSREA). Since the publication of its maiden ... Emerging regions in Ethiopia: are they catching up with the rest of Ethiopia? EMAIL FULL TEXT EMAIL FULL ...

  3. Voyage on the SS "School Library Leadership": Collaboration in Teaching and Learning at the University of Vermont

    Science.gov (United States)

    Kaplan, Judith L.; Ballard, Susan D.

    2012-01-01

    This article describes the SS "School Library Leadership" maiden voyage, which departed from the University of Vermont (UVM) during the 2010 fall semester. Twelve intrepid sailors followed their sense of adventure into uncharted waters with cocaptains Judy Kaplan and Susan Ballard in an online collaboration that provided a powerful…

  4. Serbia lubab jätta iseseisvuse valinud Montenegro karistamata / Krister Paris

    Index Scriptorium Estoniae

    Paris, Krister, 1977-

    2006-01-01

    Tallinnas viibinud Serbia ja Montenegro ühisriigi välisministri Vuk Drashkovici hinnangul võis Serbia sanktsioonidest Montenegro vastu rääkida mõni poliitik või ajakirjanik ekspresident Slobodan Milosevitshi leerist, mitte aga Serbia valitsus. Drashkovic rõhutas, et Montenegro eraldumist ei tohi võrrelda Kosovo küsimusega, kuna Kosovo on Serbia provints ja pole kunagi olnud Jugoslaavia täieõiguslik vabariik

  5. Boliivia president lubab seista vastu USA ülemvõimule / Krister Paris

    Index Scriptorium Estoniae

    Paris, Krister, 1977-

    2006-01-01

    Boliivia uus president Evo Morales hoiatas USA-d püüdluste eest Ladina-Ameerika üle domineerida ning tõotas anda Boliivia juhtimise selle põlisasukate kätte. Moralese siht on lõpetada kokaväljade hävitamine ja dekriminaliseerida kokakasvatus. Lisa: Ladina-Ameerika kaldub vasakule

  6. Editorial: Maiden Edition | Craig | Research in Hospitality Management

    African Journals Online (AJOL)

    Research in Hospitality Management. Journal Home · ABOUT THIS JOURNAL · Advanced Search · Current Issue · Archives · Journal Home > Vol 1, No 1 (2011) >. Log in or Register to get access to full text downloads.

  7. First ATLAS Barrel Toroid Coil Passes Test

    CERN Multimedia

    2004-01-01

    First they secured anything magnetic: metal tools, nuts and bolts, tables. Then they cleared the magnet assembly building, as big as an airplane hangar, and locked it tight. Before turning on the magnet for its maiden test, they waited till the dead of night so no one else would be around.

  8. Kommunikatiivse situatsiooni dünaamiline dimensioon

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Kristiina Praakli

    2009-05-01

    Full Text Available Artiklis käsitletakse inimese suhtluse uurimist reaalses situatsioonis ning esitatakse multimodaalse suhtluse analüüs, milles näidatakse, kuidas suuline keel ehk kõnekeel üksi ei suuda kommunikatiivset tähendust esitada. Kommunikatiivsesse situatsiooni kui sotsiaalsesse tegevusse kuuluvad peale suhtlejate kõnekeele ka pilk, käeliigutus ning situatsioon tervikuna. Analüüs toob esile olulised inimese suhtlusmodaalsused. Artiklis võrreldakse peamiselt sotsioloogide poolt läbiviidud uuringuid, mida nimetatakse konversatsioonianalüüsiks ehk vestlusanalüüsiks, ning lingvistide käsitletud diskursusuuringuid. Kui vestlusanalüüs on uurimismeetod, mis lubab suhtlus- ja käitumissituatsioone analüüsida, siis diskursusanalüüsi võib käsitleda uurimisvaldkonnana.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5128/ERYa5.18

  9. The effect of embryo donor age and parity on the superovulatory ...

    African Journals Online (AJOL)

    This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of the age and parity of the embryo donor on the superovulatory response and embryo recovery rate in Boer goat does. The oestrous cycles of seven maiden does (young, 1 - 2 years) and nine multiparous does (adult, 3 - 4 years) were synchronised using controlled internal ...

  10. Tourism Development, Poverty and Unempolyment | Oluwatoyin ...

    African Journals Online (AJOL)

    This study focused on the future of tourism in Lagos state. It gave thorough analysis on the development and potential of Lagos carnival, and further exposes the contribution of the maiden edition to the growth of tourism generally. The state government in it concern for diversification of the economy in the areas of ...

  11. Lambing behaviour of Merino ewes from lines subjected to divergent ...

    African Journals Online (AJOL)

    No line difference was observed in the period that ewes spent grooming. Ewes caring for viable multiples groomed their offspring for a longer period than those caring for singles. Mature ewes tended to groom their lambs for a longer period than primi-parous maidens. A higher proportion of High (H) line ewes groomed their ...

  12. Pop / Siim Nestor

    Index Scriptorium Estoniae

    Nestor, Siim, 1974-

    2006-01-01

    Heliplaatidest: Prince "Ultimate", Iron Maiden "A Matter Of Life And Death", Ilves, Pulk ja Rahman "Murõt ei olõ", Rekid "Made in Menorca", Arvo Pärt "Da Pacem", Natacha Atlas "Mishmaoul", Juliette & The Licks "Four on the Floor", Beyonce "B'Day", Pink Floyd "Pulse" (DVD), Metsatöll "Lahinguväljal näeme, raisk!" (DVD)

  13. Algirdas Brazauskas lubab Leedule uusi paremaid radareid / Algirdas Brazauskas ; interv. Toomas Sildam

    Index Scriptorium Estoniae

    Brazauskas, Algirdas, 1932-2010

    2005-01-01

    Leedu peaminister Algirdas Brazauskas vastab küsimustele, mis puudutavad Vene hävitaja allakukkumist Kaunase lähedal, õhujõudude juhataja kolonel Jonas Marcinkuse vabastamist ning Leedu õhuruumi turbe piisavust ja parandamise vajalikkust. Lisa: Vene hävitaja Leedus. Vt. samas: Balti riigid tahavad Schengeni leppega liituda 2007. aastal

  14. Scientists riff on fabric of the universe

    CERN Multimedia

    2008-01-01

    Their music may be the scourge of parents, but the thrashing guitars of heavy metal bands like Metallica and Iron Maiden could help explain the mysteries of the universe. The string vibrations from the frantic strumming of rock guitarists form the basis of String Theory, a mathematic theory that seeks to explain what the world is made of, says scientist Mark Lewney.

  15. Plaadisoovitus

    Index Scriptorium Estoniae

    2005-01-01

    Uutest heliplaatidest Bond "The est Of Bond", Paul McCartney "Chaos and Creation In The Backyard", "The Pussycat Dolls", Bon Jovi "Have A Nice Day", Eric Clapton "Back Home", Iron Maiden "Death On The Road", David Gray "Life In Slow Motion", Love On The Rocks "Nothing Hurts Like Love", Ray Charles "Genius & Friends", Goldfrapp "Supernature", "Gasolinal!!", The Rolling Stones "A Biggerr Bang"

  16. Home and away? Creating identities and sustaining places in a multicentered world

    Science.gov (United States)

    Daniel R. Williams; Susan R. Van Patten

    2006-01-01

    Imagine being able to 'travel the world without leaving home'. This is not the overblown promise of some high-tech, computer-generated virtual world, but the veritable promise of The World. Built and operated by a Norwegian company called ResidenSea and launched on her maiden voyage in early 2002, The World is a 191-metre-long 'global village at sea...

  17. The D1 parameter for the equatorial F1 region

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Adeniyi, J.O.; Radicella, S.M.

    2002-01-01

    This work is a contribution to the effort at improving the representation of the F1 equatorial ionospheric region in the International Reference Ionosphere (IRI) model. The D1 parameter has been proposed for describing the F1 layer. We have therefore produced a maiden table of D1 parameter for an equatorial station. Diurnal and seasonal effects were considered. (author)

  18. Laying the keel

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Southworth, Brian

    1989-12-15

    The start of construction of the 87-kilometre US Superconducting Supercollider (SSC) was celebrated in Dallas at the beginning of October with a Texas-style meeting on SSC physics and experiments. Chris Quigg described it as 'laying the keel of a new vessel of discovery'. The vessel is scheduled to make its maiden voyage with 20 TeV (20,000 GeV) proton beams in 1998.

  19. Andromeda

    Science.gov (United States)

    Murdin, P.

    2000-11-01

    (abbrev. And, gen. Andromedae; area 722 sq. deg.) A northern constellation that lies between Perseus and Pegasus, and culminates at midnight in early October. It is named after the daughter of King Cepheus and Queen Cassiopeia in Greek mythology, who was rescued by Perseus from being sacrificed to the sea monster Cetus, and is usually shown on early celestial charts as a chained maiden. Its brigh...

  20. Optimism lubab uut kasvu. Kui kõrgelt lennatakse logistikas sel aastal? / Rivo Sarapik

    Index Scriptorium Estoniae

    Sarapik, Rivo, 1981-

    2011-01-01

    2010. aastal kasvas tarbeautode müük kolmandiku võrra, Tallinna Sadam käitles kaupu 16% võrra enam kui aasta varem. Transiidikeskus loodab konteinerkäibe ja ro-ro kaupade 20-protsendilist kasvu. Graafikud, diagrammid

  1. Brasiilia lubab vaatamata Rio vägivallale turvalist olümpiat / Hendrik Vosman

    Index Scriptorium Estoniae

    Vosman, Hendrik

    2009-01-01

    Rio de Janeiro sai endale õiguse korraldada 2016.aasta olümpiamängud, seal valitsev vägivald on aga tõstatanud küsimuse, kas linn suudab sportlaste ja pealtvaatajate turvalisust tagada. Kaart: Brasiilia

  2. Analysis of genetic diversity in Eucalyptus grandis (Hill ex Maiden ...

    African Journals Online (AJOL)

    STORAGESEVER

    2008-07-04

    Jul 4, 2008 ... repeats (ISSR) molecular markers ... significant genetic variation between seed sources with 26.4%, (Gst = 0.264) of the total variation attributed to ... 20 μl consisting of 10 mM Tris-HCL pH 9.0, 50 mM KCl, 0.1% Triton. X-100 ...

  3. Levdoc Global dokumentaatiotilausjärjestelmä

    OpenAIRE

    Asikainen, Olli

    2013-01-01

    Levdoc Global on Wärtsilä Services Technical Information -osastoille kehitetty selainpohjainen ohjelma, johon tallennetaan dokumentaatiotilauksia sekä niiden aikataulutuksia. Ohjelman tarkoitus on helpottaa eri maiden Technical Information -osastojen yhteistyötä tuomalla tilaukset yhteiseen järjestelmään. Ohjelmisto on kirjoitettu C# -ohjelmointikielellä käyttäen ASP.NET MVC -ohjelmistokehystä. Tiedon tallennus tapahtuu SQL Server –tietokantaan käyttäen apuna Entity Framework –ohjelmistokehys...

  4. Liikuntateknologian vaikutus liikuntamotivaatioon

    OpenAIRE

    Kurvinen, Kaarlo

    2017-01-01

    Tutkielmassa käsitellään liikuntateknologiaa, motivaatiota ja liikuntateknolo-gian vaikutusta liikuntamotivaatioon. Liikuntateknologian voidaan todeta ole-van suuressa merkityksessä teknologisoituneiden maiden urheilumarkkinoilla. Liikunnallisten teknologiatuotteiden suosio on noussut viimeisten vuosien aikana äkillisesti ja suosion myötä myös liikuntateknologisten tuotteiden mää-rä sekä kirjo ovat kasvaneet nopeasti. Liikuntateknologia tarjoaa käyttäjälleen lukuisia hyötyjä, joiden johdosta ...

  5. Los Angeles-Long Beach Harbor Areas Cultural Resource Survey, Los Angeles County, California,

    Science.gov (United States)

    1978-04-01

    into nettles and stung by red ants while the adult the Panes or White-heded Eagle Maiden. hunters danced to deerbone flute music. Intriguing sand... combat excepting those in the Philippine Islands (Fort Mills, Fort Hughes, Fort Drum and Fort Frank). It was during the World War II conflict, the...Junior Pest President, Californ a History and Landmarks Club of Los Angeles, Inglewod, February, 1941). Statoments of Mr. Ralph Bandinl, Palo Verdes. Mrs

  6. Intervalo hídrico óptimo en suelos argiudoles plantados con Eucalyptus dunnii Maiden Least limiting water range in argiudoll soils under eucalyptus dunnii maiden

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Francisco Damiano

    2011-07-01

    Full Text Available El Intervalo Hídrico Óptimo (IHO es el rango de agua del suelo dentro del cual el crecimiento de la planta está menos limitado por el potencial de agua, la aireación y la resistencia del suelo a la penetración de raíces. El IHO es a menudo determinado en cultivos, pero su aplicación en estudios de plantaciones forestales son escasos. Los objetivos fueron: a estimar el IHO del suelo en plantaciones de Eucalyptus dunnii joven y adulto usando funciones de edafo-transferencia; b relacionar funcionalmente la frecuencia de humedad observada localizada fuera del IHO (p fuera con el IHO y determinar si la relación es influenciada por el tipo de suelo y las condiciones meteorológicas del período de crecimiento. Se estimó el IHO en suelos Argiudoles Típico y Abrúptico, usando funciones de edafo-transferencia (FT de retención hídrica y resistencia del suelo. La frecuencia de humedad observada fuera del rango del IHO (p fuera fue evaluada estadísticamente usando el modelo PROC CATMOD. El IHO aumentó de 0,009 cm³ cm-³ (horizonte Bt arcillo limoso a 0,207 cm³ cm-3 (horizonte C franco limoso. El modelo de regresión logística muestra que pfuera se relacionó negativamente con el IHO (R² = 0,83***. La pendiente del modelo (b1 = -30,5475 no varió por condiciones climáticas pero la ordenada al origen resultó influenciada por este parámetro (b o seco = 5,0083; b o húmedo = 3,5207. El modelo fundamental-empírico sostuvo al IHO como un indicador de calidad física del suelo apto para evaluar factores climáticos que inciden sobre el consumo de agua en eucaliptos.The Least Limiting Water Range (LLWR integrates water potential, aeration and mechanical resistance conditions that can be limiting to plant growth. The LLWR was often determined in field crops, but studies performed under tree plantations are scarce. In this study, soil LLWR was determined in young and mature Eucalyptus dunnii plantations using pedo-transfer functions. Frequency of soil moisture values falling outside the LLWR (p out was statistically evaluated using the PROC CATMOD model. LLWR increased from 0.009 cm³ cm-3 in silty clay Bt horizons to 0.207 cm3 cm-3 in silty loam C horizons. The p out was negatively related to LLWR (R² = 0.83***. The slope of the fitted model (b1 = - 30.5475 was not altered by climatic conditions, but its intercept varied from dry (b o = 5.0083 to wet (b o = 3.5207 years. From this empirical-fundamental model, it can be concluded that LLWR is a suitable index to indicate the best soil physical conditions for the growth of eucalyptus plantations.

  7. Eesti õpetajate roll laste internetikasutuse sotsiaalses vahendamises

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Kadri Soo

    2015-11-01

    Full Text Available Õpetajatel on oluline roll laste ettevalmistamisel internetimaailmas toimetulekuks. Artiklis analüüsitakse Eesti õpetajate tegevust 9–16aastaste laste internetikasutuse sotsiaalses vahendamises, mille mõõtmiseks kasutati kaheksat tunnust EU Kids Online’i uuringust. Tulemused näitavad, et enamik Eesti õpetajatest on õpilaste internetikasutust sotsiaalselt vahendanud: üksnes 13% lastest ei suutnud meenutada, et nad oleks õpetajatelt kunagi juhiseid või informatsiooni saanud. Peamised erinevused Eesti õpetajate tegevuses ilmnesid keele ja asula suuruse puhul. Uuring lubab väita, et eesti keelt rääkivate ja väikestest asulatest pärit laste õpetajad vahendavad laste internetitegevusi aktiivsemalt ja mitmekülgsemalt ning pakuvad internetiohtude korral rohkem nõuandeid. See, kuidas on õpetajate tegevus ja laste kokkupuude internetiohtudega omavahel seotud, erineb vanuseja keelerühmiti. Internetis kahju kogemine ei ole seotud õpetajatepoolse sotsiaalse vahendamisega.  Summary

  8. Compositae dermatitis

    OpenAIRE

    Jovanović Mirjana; Poljački Mirjana N.

    2003-01-01

    Introduction Compositae dermatitis is an allergic contact dermatitis caused by plant species of the Compositae family. The first report of a cutaneous reaction to the Chrysanthemum genus was made by Howe JS in 1887. In 1895 Maiden JH reported about skin lesions among men working with Tagetes minute Case reports of contact allergic-ragweed dermatitis appeared in the American literature as early as 1919. The North American feverfew - Parthenium Hysterophorus was brought to India from America in...

  9. Preliminary Analysis of Google+'s Privacy

    OpenAIRE

    Mahmood, Shah; Desmedt, Yvo

    2011-01-01

    In this paper we provide a preliminary analysis of Google+ privacy. We identified that Google+ shares photo metadata with users who can access the photograph and discuss its potential impact on privacy. We also identified that Google+ encourages the provision of other names including maiden name, which may help criminals performing identity theft. We show that Facebook lists are a superset of Google+ circles, both functionally and logically, even though Google+ provides a better user interfac...

  10. Japan’s Emerging World Role.

    Science.gov (United States)

    1974-06-30

    refusal of Japanese fishermen to let Japan’s first nuclear ship , the Mutsu , return to port after it suffered reactor problems on its maiden voyage...producing nuclear ships . The f Japanese Navy is highly trained and, with a one-to-four ratio between officers and enlisted men, is capable of very rapid...1946/3-RR 4 broad rearmament program, especially one including the development of nuclear weapons. Current Japanese economic relations with the PRC and

  11. The Necessity for Smart Power: How a SWIFT Kick Hurts

    Science.gov (United States)

    2013-03-01

    South America. Among other investments, the Chinese are providing subsidized financing to the telecommunication company Huawei , “an opaque...April 03, 2012. http://voices.halabol.com/2012/04/02/dollar%E2%80%99s-authority-rip (accessed March 11, 2013). 14Malcolm Maiden, “ Huawei a Security...Risk By Any Gauge,” Sydney Morning Herald, March 28, 2012, http://www.smh.com.au/business/ huawei -a-security-risk-by-any-gauge-20120327- 1vwnu.html

  12. Oodatud terminal lubab transiidiärile häid aegu / Lauri Linnamäe

    Index Scriptorium Estoniae

    Linnamäe, Lauri

    2008-01-01

    Muugale rajatavast konteinervedude terminalist saaks rahvusvahelise kaubanduse sõlmpunkt, mis elavdab kaubandust Läänemere äärsetes sadamates, uus terminal avaks läbi Eesti Hiina kaupade transiidi Venemaale. Kaart: Otsetee Hiinast Eestisse

  13. Hizbollah lubab : "Me tahame ameeriklastega häid suhteid" / Mohamad Afif ; interv. Ivar Soopan

    Index Scriptorium Estoniae

    Afif, Mohamad

    2005-01-01

    Liibanoni shiiitide organisatsiooni Hizbollah meediasuhete direktor ütleb, et Hizbollah ei ole terroriorganisatsioon. Religioosse ja poliitilise grupina tahab Hizbollah häid suhteid teistega kõikjal maailmas, kuid probleem on poliitikas, selles, kuidas USA suhtub nende regiooni, tõekspidamistesse

  14. Uus Saksamaa lubab väikeriigid oma hõlma alla võtta / Jeroen Bult

    Index Scriptorium Estoniae

    Bult, Jeroen

    2005-01-01

    Nii väikeriigid kui ka maailma suurriigid on huvitatud sellest, milliseks kujuneb Saksamaa välispoliitika Angela Merkeli võimul olles: esimese kolme ametis oldud nädala jooksul võib järeldada, et Angela Merkel ei jätka Gerhard Schröderi sirgjoonelist välispoliitilist kurssi, vaid eelistab balansseerida erinevate suurvõimude vahel, unustamata samas ka väikeriike. Lisa: Angela Merkel

  15. Kui pank lubab korraldada ettevõttele finantseerimise nädalaga, finantseerib ta liiga kallilt

    Index Scriptorium Estoniae

    2007-01-01

    Ilmunud ka: Finansovõi Menedzhment : infovõpusk nr. 16 juuli lk. 5. Tsentraalse varade osakonna loomisest Islandi päritolu ülemaailmsesse farmaatsiafirmasse Actavis. Tabel: Actavis: tormiliselt laienev farmaatsiafirma

  16. Euroopa Liit lubab Kreekale laenu, kuid võlgu maha kanda ei kavatse / Heiki Suurkask

    Index Scriptorium Estoniae

    Suurkask, Heiki, 1972-

    2010-01-01

    Euroala rahandusministrid otsustasid, et vajaduse korral tuleb Kreekale laenuraha leida. Brüssel süüdistab mitut EL-i riiki liiga optmistlikus riigieelarves, Euroopa Komisjoni teatel paistavad vaid Eesti ja Bulgaaria mahtuvat 3-protsendise eelarvepuudujäägi sisse

  17. Raudtee uus tegevjuht lubab pikki ronge ja rohkem tonne / Earl Currie ; interv. Tuuli Koch

    Index Scriptorium Estoniae

    Currie, Earl

    2001-01-01

    Eesti Raudtee juhatuse esimees Earl Currie raudtee eelmise juhtkonna tegutsemisest, uue juhtkonna seisukohast läbirääkimistel ametiühingutega muutustest ER-i juhtimises, olulisematest investeeringutest jm. Earl Currie eluloost. Vt. samas "Rask näeb Savisaare avalduses kommunismi"

  18. Whole-tree transpiration and water-use partitioning between Eucalyptus nitens and Acacia dealbata weeds in a short-rotation plantation in northeastern Tasmania.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Hunt, Mark A.; Beadle, Christopher L.

    1998-01-01

    Whole-tree water use in 4- and 8-year-old plantations of Eucalyptus nitens Deane and Maiden (ex Maiden) in the presence and absence of Acacia dealbata Link. weeds was estimated by the heat pulse velocity technique during a six-week summer period. Maximum sap velocities were recorded between 5 and 15 mm under the cambium for both eucalypt and acacia trees, and marked radial and axial variations in sap velocity were observed. The latter source of variation was most pronounced in mixed stands where crowns were asymmetrical. Mean daily sap flux ranged from 1.4 to 103.6 l day(-1) for eucalypts and from acacias. Stem diameter explained 98% of the variation in sapwood area for E. nitens and 89% for A. dealbata, and was determined to be a suitable parameter for scaling water use from the tree to stand level. Plot transpiration varied from 1.4 to 2.8 mm day(-1) in mixed 8-year-old plots and was 0.85 mm day(-1) in a mixed 4-year-old plot. The degree of A. dealbata infestation was associated with absolute plot water use and regression models predicted that, in the absence of acacia competition, plot water use for the 8-year-old stand would approach 5-6 mm day(-1) during the growing season.

  19. Establishment of Eucalyptus grandis W. Hill ex Maiden in vitro using ...

    African Journals Online (AJOL)

    an option to obtain better plant material or to supply clonal mini or ... transiently interfering with the electron transport chain and, consequently .... Top® + CoMo Raiz®; 13, 4.0 + 4.0 mL L-1 of Standak Top® + CoMo Raiz®. Bar = 10 mm.

  20. Predicting Passenger Survival Rates on the Titanic

    OpenAIRE

    Prateek Chanda

    2017-01-01

    The sinking of the RMS Titanic is one of the most infamous shipwrecks in history. On April 15, 1912, during her maiden voyage, the Titanic sank after colliding with an iceberg, killing 1502 out of 2224 passengers and crew. This sensational tragedy shocked the international community and led to better safety regulations for ships. One of the reasons that the shipwreck led to such loss of life was that there were not enough lifeboats for the passengers and crew. Although there was some el...

  1. Behavior under Extreme Conditions: The Titanic Disaster

    OpenAIRE

    Bruno S. Frey; David A. Savage; Benno Torgler

    2011-01-01

    During the night of April 14, 1912, the RMS Titanic collided with an iceberg on her maiden voyage. Two hours and 40 minutes later she sank, resulting in the loss of 1,501 lives—more than two-thirds of her 2,207 passengers and crew. This remains one of the deadliest peacetime maritime disasters in history and by far the most famous. For social scientists, evidence about how people behaved as the Titanic sunk offers a quasi-natural field experiment to explore behavior under extreme conditions o...

  2. Dry mass allocation, water use efficiency and delta C-13 in clones of Eucalyptus grandis, E-grandis x camaldulensis and E-grandis x nitens grown under two irrigation regimes

    CSIR Research Space (South Africa)

    Le Roux, D

    1996-05-01

    Full Text Available - cial clones of Eucalyptus grandis W. Hill ex Maiden. implying that less water-use-efficient trees were more productive (Bond and Stock 1990). Similarly, growing season WUE and delta13C were positively correlated in western larch and Eucalyptus globulus... regimes DEBBIE LE ROUX,1,2 WILLIAM D. STOCK,3 WILLIAM J. BOND3 and DAVID MAPHANGA4 1 Division of Forest Science and Technology, CSIR, Pretoria, South Africa 2 Present address: Department of Botany, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS 66045, USA 3 Department...

  3. Reflections of a Technocrat: Managing Defense, Air, and Space Programs during the Cold War

    Science.gov (United States)

    2006-08-01

    American-Rockwell OV-10 Bronco , which made its maiden flight in 1965. Deployed to Vietnam three years later, the Bronco was adopted by the Air Force as a...to its em- barrassment, the Air Force had to adapt the Navy’s A-1 Skyraider, A-7 Corsair II, F-4 Phantom II, and the Marines’ OV-10 Bronco for...Station in El Segundo, California, the SecAF’s Office of Special Projects (aka NRO Pro- gram A) performed a variety of support functions as well as

  4. ENGLANTI JULISTAA SODAN - Suomalaisen sanomalehdistön asennoituminen Englantiin ennen sodanjulistusta ja sen jälkimainingeissa vuonna 1941

    OpenAIRE

    RUOKONEN, TOMMI

    2010-01-01

    Englannin ja Suomen keskinäiset suhteet olivat hyvällä tolalla 1930-luvulla ja maiden välinen kauppa oli merkittävää. Tämä kehitys jatkui talvisodassa, kun Englanti puolusti vahvasti sanoin ja teoin pientä pohjoista demokratiaa Neuvostoliiton hyökkäyksen alla. Vain reilua vuotta myöhemmin jatkosodan alettua kesäkuussa 1941 Suomen ja Englannin suhteet joutuivat koetukselle ja lopulta maat olivat sodassa keskenään. Pro gradu -tutkimuksessani tarkastelen Englannin sodanjulistukseen johtanutt...

  5. Parts lubab eestlasliku korra riigis majja lüüa / Juhan Parts ; interv. Urmet Kook

    Index Scriptorium Estoniae

    Parts, Juhan, 1966-

    2003-01-01

    Res Publica esimees Juhan Parts vastab küsimustele erakonna valimislubaduste, valimisloosungi, sündimuspoliitika, EL-iga liitumise kohta, Eesti-Vene suhetes läbimurde saavutamise võimalikkusest, parteide rahastamisest

  6. Lasten ulkovaatteiden kevät-kesämalliston seinäesillepano-ohje : case: Reima Oy

    OpenAIRE

    Järvenoja, Annika

    2014-01-01

    Opinnäytetyö tehtiin Reima Oy:lle. Työn tavoitteena oli kerätä asiakkaiden mielipiteitä lasten ulkovaatteiden seinäesillepanoista. Tutkimuksen pohjalta tehtiin seinäesillepano-ohje kevät-kesämallistolle. Reiman omat myymälät sijaitsevat pääosin Kiinassa, Suomessa ja Venäjällä. Kevät-kesämalliston tuotteiden vaihtelevuus välikausivaatteista ohuisiin aurinkosuojavaatteisiin koettiin myymälässä haasteelliseksi. Tavoitteena on tutkia lisäksi, mistä maiden kulttuurien eroavaisuudet johtuvat, ja mi...

  7. Properties of Eucalyptus benthamii wood for energy production

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Dimas Agostinho Silva

    2015-12-01

    Full Text Available The objective of this study was to evaluate the energy potential of Eucalyptus benthamii Maiden et Cambage wood. The samples were collected in the municipality of Cerro Negro, Santa Catarina State, Brazil. Samples were collected from 5 trees at 0%, 25%, 50%, 75% and 100% of commercial height. It was determined basic density, high calorific value, elemental composition, immediate chemical analysis, lower calorific value, energy density, carbon storage and energy production. The physical and chemical variables studied and energy potential of wood did not present differences along the stem.

  8. Libuše Riegrová - Bráfová. Životní postoje v rodinných souvislostech

    OpenAIRE

    Urbanová, Berenika

    2007-01-01

    Libuše Bráfová, whose maiden name was Riegrová, was born on 20th of June 1860 in Prague. Her grandfather was František Palacký, famous Czech historian of 19th century and her father was an important politician, František Ladislav Rieger. In addition, her family belonged to Czech cultural elite of this time. Libuše spent her childhood on either at Mac Neven's Palace in Prague or the family summer residence in Maleč near Chotěboř. When she was eleven (in 1871), she started to go to a girlish sc...

  9. European Food Safety Authority; Analysis of the baseline survey of Salmonella in holdings with breeding pigs, in the EU, 2008; Part B: Analysis of factors potentially associated with Salmonella pen positivity

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Hald, Tine

    or slaughter (production holdings) were sampled. In each selected holding, pooled fresh faecal samples were collected from 10 randomly chosen pens of breeding pigs over six months of age, representing the different stages of the breeding herd, and examined for the presence of Salmonella. Analyses at country......, multivariable regression analysis showed that the odds of Salmonella-positive pens with pigs increased with the number of breeding pigs in the holding and with the following pen-level factors: flooring systems other than slatted floors or solid floors with straw, presence of maiden gilts, number of pigs per pen...

  10. Conflict and Reconciliation between Two Generations of Chinese Ameri⁃cans over Identity in The Joy Luck Club%Conflict and Reconciliation between Two Generations of Chinese Ameri?cans over Identity in The Joy Luck Club

    Institute of Scientific and Technical Information of China (English)

    张佳胜

    2018-01-01

    Chinese American literature is generated by the history of Chinese American immigrants. In Chinese American litera?ture, issues over identity have been repeatedly mentioned as an eternal theme.Amy Tan, as a representative of a dual cultural iden?tity of the Chinese American writers, published her saga novel The Joy Luck Club as a maiden work in 1989. The novel describes the emotional stories between the four Chinese women with different characters and different fates that abandoned the national calamity and family hatred and moved to the United States and their daughters who were born and grew up in the United States.

  11. Performance of the SLC polarized electron source with high polarization

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Clendenin, J.E.; Alley, R.K.; Aoyagi, H.

    1993-04-01

    For the 1992 operating cycle of the SLAC Linear Collider (SLC), the polarized electron source (PES) during its maiden run successfully met the pulse intensity and overall efficiency requirements of the SLC. However, the polarization of the bulk GaAs cathode was low (∼27%) and the pulse-to-pulse stability was marginal. We have shown that adequate charge for the SLC can be extracted from a strained layer cathode having P e ∼80% even though the quantum efficiency (QE) is - beam stability. The performance of the PES during the 1993 SLC operating cycle with these and other improvements is discussed

  12. Replantación de Eucalyptus grandis: efectos de la quema de residuos y fertilización en suelos arenosos del noreste de Entre Ríos

    OpenAIRE

    Dalla Tea, Fernando

    1997-01-01

    La tasa de corta o tala rasa de las plantaciones de Eucalyptus grandis W. Hill ex Maiden en la región noreste de Entre Ríos supera las 5.000 ha anuales. La mayor parte de las mismas son manejadas en un 2do o 3er ciclo por medio de sus rebrotes. Sin embargo, la alternativa de replantación y cambio de los materiales genéticos ha sido planteada como una técnica para mejorar la productividad. Uno de los mayores inconvenientes al decidir la replantación es el tratamiento de los residuos que quedan...

  13. Eesti Energia lubab võlgades paberivabriku elektrita jätta / Eiris Teeveere, Päären Mardiste

    Index Scriptorium Estoniae

    Teeveere, Eiris

    2008-01-01

    Eesti Energia lülitab välja elektri Kehras asuvas Horizon Tselluloosi ja Paberivabrikus, kui võlgu tähtajaks ei maksta. Tehase sulgemine tooks kaasa 500 inimese töötuks jäämise ning reovee puhastuse lõppemise

  14. Sri Lanka president lubab sõjalõksus riiki tänapäeva tuua / Allan Espenberg

    Index Scriptorium Estoniae

    Espenberg, Allan

    2005-01-01

    Presidendivalimistest Sri Lankal. Uus president Mahinda Rajapaksa on valmis kohtuma tamilite mässu juhtidega ning arutama rahu taastamise võimalusi. Presidendi eesmärgid. Lisa: Pommirünnakud poliitikute vastu

  15. Ardo Ojasalu lubab Eesti maksusüsteemi ise Euroopas kaitsta / Ardo Ojasalu ; interv. Imbi E. Kaljuste

    Index Scriptorium Estoniae

    Ojasalu, Ardo, 1964-

    2007-01-01

    Eestis ja Lätis ärikonsultatsioonide ja raamatupidamisega tegeleva IMG (Investments Management Group) ettevõtete grupi peamine omanik ja tegevjuht ning Maksuameti endine peadirektor tööst maksuametis ja konsultatsioonifirmas IMG, kuulumisest Sotsiaaldemokraatlikusse Erakonda, maksunduse ees seisvatest probleemidest Eestis. Lisa: Ardo Ojasalu. Kommenteerivad Eiki Nestor, Enriko Aav, Vello Vallaste, Ranno Tingas, Aivar Sõerd

  16. Post-cultural stand dynamics in an abandoned chestnut coppice at its ecological border

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    2006-01-01

    Full Text Available Until the be­ginning of the last century, chestnut has played an important role as staple food and primary wood source. In many cases it was cultivated at the border of its ecological limits where it was planted by man in place of the original and more site-adapted tree species. However, with the abandonment of the rural activities, ma­nagement of chestnut forests was progressively left starting from more marginal areas, usually occupied by coppice stands. After the interruption of the traditional coppice management system (usual rotation periods of 10-25 years, natural intra- and interspecific competition dynamics have become the driving force of the stand evolution. This may lead to dramatic changes in both structure and species composition of the stands. The aim of this study is to analyse the post-cultural evolution of an abandoned chestnut coppice in the Pesio Valley (Piedmont, Italy in order to highlight the competition among different "basic silvi­cultural components" of the forest using a dendroecological approach. The "basic silvicultural components" are intended as the elements defined as groups of trees of the stand that have similar features such as silvi­culturally relevant attributes: species (chestnut, beech, fir, origin (seed, sprout and cultural age and function (standard/reserve, maiden, shoot, regeneration, dead tree. The mean growth curves of the compo­nents show the different fitness of each category. From a general point of view, the beech and fir components show a better competitive potential in comparison with chestnut. Among chestnut components, maidens from seeds reveal a better growth trend compared to coppice shoots and standards.

  17. Reclaiming the Maiden: Use of Archetypes in a 6-Week Women's Empowerment Group

    Science.gov (United States)

    Singh, Anneliese; Hofsess, Christy D.

    2011-01-01

    The purpose of this article is to describe a 6-week, semi-structured group counseling experience for university women students (undergraduate and graduate) from diverse backgrounds exploring archetypes and using group empowerment skills. Theoretical perspectives on women's empowerment groups and the use of archetypes in counseling are discussed as…

  18. Welcome to the Maiden Issue of International Journal of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Manjula Shantaram

    2012-07-01

    Full Text Available Today marks the publication date of the inaugural issue of the International Journal of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences (IJHRS. IJHRS is a publication of Global Network of Health Educators (GNHE, a not-for-profit initiative of Health educators worldwide in a mission to promote the health related awareness across the globe. We would like to take this opportunity to place on record my hearty thanks to all the members of GNHE and editorial board of IJHRS for their invaluable personal and scientific resources for guiding the journal from initial planning to the first steps it is taking now. Our aim is that IJHRS will be the paramount archive of knowledge in the areas of Health and Rehabilitation sciences. IJHRS is in open access format, in our view the only relevant such model in these times where information must be freely available to all. The traditional subscription-based model inherently denies free access to knowledge and seems contrary to the attribute of scientific thought. Our goal is to have a rapid peer review process, and we will make every effort to make an initial decision at the earliest. The peer review process will match scholarly reviewers with submitted manuscripts to produce high quality articles of interest and scientific caliber. The process is confidential so that criticisms and revisions are made in the fairest manner possible. The final decision on publication will be made by the editorial board. We will look for submissions of interesting and important scientific information that hopefully will have clinical application. High quality research of all types will be fostered and published with pride in the journal. IJHRS will be shortly indexed in Index Copernicus and other indexing authorities. We have the opportunity to improve the quality of life of so many people in developing countries and otherwise disadvantaged situations. The talent and determination of our readers is a resource with unlimited potential and we have this as a motive to produce and nurture new scientific thought for the benefit of the patient community. We look forward to a most interesting future for IJHRS. Our editorial board includes world leaders in all areas of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences and a comprehensive international distribution. There is every reason to expect that we will set new standards in the world of Health and related publications in the process improve public health significantly. We thank our contributors and readers for their interest and efforts in advancing this worthy cause.

  19. Three new species of Fergusonina Malloch fly (Diptera: Fergusoninidae) from bud galls on Eucalyptus L'Her. (E. baxteri (Benth.) Maiden & Blakely complex, E. dalrympleana Maiden and E. pauciflora Sieb. ex Spreng.)

    Science.gov (United States)

    Three Fergusonina (Diptera: Fergusoninidae) flies are described from terminal leaf bud galls on Eucalyptus L'Hér. from south eastern Australia. Fergusonina omlandi Nelson and Yeates sp. nov. is the third fly from the genus Fergusonina to be described from the Eucalyptus pauciflora Sieb. ex Spreng. (...

  20. Ryanair lubab tuua 300 000 turisti ja 300 uut töökohta / Teele Tammeorg, Dannar Leitmaa

    Index Scriptorium Estoniae

    Tammeorg, Teele

    2010-01-01

    Odavlennufirma Ryanair teeb esimesed otselennud Tallinnast 13. detsembril, lennuühendus luuakse seitsme Euroopa linnaga. Riiast lendavad Ryanairi lennukid 44 sihtkohta. Keskmine lennupileti hind on 35 eurot

  1. Relação entre concentrações foliares de carboidratos solúveis totais e tolerância ao frio em diferentes espécies de Eucalyptus spp.

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Mireli Moura Pitz Floriani

    2013-03-01

    Full Text Available http://dx.doi.org/10.5902/198050988450O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o efeito da rustificação sobre a tolerância ao frio em Eucalyptus dunnii Maiden, Eucalyptus benthamii Maiden & Cambage, Eucalyptus grandis W. Hill ex Maiden e Eucalyptus saligna Sm., através da quantificação dos teores foliares de carboidratos solúveis totais e de prolina. Mudas das quatro espécies (com três meses de idade e cerca de 50 cm de altura foram submetidas a dois períodos de rustificação (0 e 21 dias de exposição a temperaturas diurnas de 5 ºC e noturnas de 1 ºC, com fotoperíodo controlado de 12 horas. Ao final de cada período de rustificação, as mudas foram submetidas durante 3 horas a três gradientes de temperatura abaixo de zero (-2 ºC, -5 ºC e -8 ºC. Foram feitas avaliações das concentrações foliares de carboidratos solúveis totais e de prolina, da temperatura letal de 50 % (TL50 e do índice de dano ao frio. Não foi identificada a presença de prolina nos tecidos foliares das espécies avaliadas. No entanto, em mudas não rustificadas, observou-se diferenças entre as espécies quanto à concentração foliar de carboidratos, sendo maior em Eucalyptus benthamii, intermediária em Eucalyptus dunnii e Eucalyptus grandis, e menor em Eucalyptus saligna. A rustificação causou um aumento na concentração foliar de carboidratos de 2,9; 2,5; 2,8 e 1,3 vezes em Eucalyptus dunnii, Eucalyptus benthamii, Eucalyptus saligna e Eucalyptus grandis, respectivamente. Em mudas que não foram submetidas à rustificação, a TL50 foi mais baixa em Eucalyptus benthamii, intermediária em Eucalyptus dunnii e Eucalyptus grandis, e mais alta em Eucalyptus saligna. No entanto, com a rustificação das plantas não houve diferenças entre as espécies quanto à TL50. Observou-se que a TL50 diminuiu com a rustificação, exceto no Eucalyptus benthamii. Houve correlação negativa entre a concentração foliar de carboidratos solúveis totais e a TL50

  2. The effect of dual-hemisphere breeding on stallion fertility.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Walbornn, S R; Love, C C; Blanchard, T L; Brinsko, S P; Varner, D D

    2017-05-01

    Breeding records were analyzed from 24 Thoroughbred stallions that were subjected to dual-hemisphere breeding (DH), including novice (first-year; NOV; n = 11) and experienced (EXP; n = 13) stallions. Fertility variables included seasonal pregnancy rate, pregnancy rate per cycle, and first-cycle pregnancy rate. In addition, values for book size, total number of covers, distribution of mare type (maiden, foaling, and barren) within a stallion's book, cycles per mare, and mare age were examined. Some data were also categorized by mare type (maiden-M, foaling-F, and barren-B). Five separate analyses of the data were performed. For Analyses 1-3, the effects of hemisphere (northern hemisphere [NH] vs. southern hemisphere [SH]) and breeding order (refers to the first [O1] or second [O2] season within the first year of dual-hemisphere breeding) were examined for all stallions (combined group [CG]), NOV stallions only, and EXP stallions only, respectively. Fertility values were generally higher in the SH than the NH (P fertility of O1 was generally similar to O2 (P > 0.05). For Analysis 4, fertility of DH breeding seasons was compared to single hemisphere (SIN) breeding seasons within the same 16 stallions and was found to be similar between the two groups (P > 0.05). For Analysis 5, the effect of the number of consecutive DH breeding seasons on fertility was examined and was found to remain unchanged (P > 0.05). In summary, no adverse effects of DH breeding on fertility were detected. Fertility was higher when stallions were bred in the SH, as compared to the NH. Potential reasons for higher fertility achieved in the SH were smaller book sizes and better mare reproductive quality. Copyright © 2017. Published by Elsevier Inc.

  3. Retranslocation of foliar nutrients in evergreen tree species planted in a Mediterranean environment.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Fife, D N; Nambiar, E K S; Saur, E

    2008-02-01

    Internal nutrient recycling through retranslocation (resorption) is important for meeting the nutrient demands of new tissue production in trees. We conducted a comparative study of nutrient retranslocation from leaves of five tree species from three genera grown in plantation forests for commercial or environmental purposes in southern Australia--Acacia mearnsii De Wild., Eucalyptus globulus Labill., E. fraxinoides H. Deane & Maiden, E. grandis W. Hill ex Maiden and Pinus radiata D. Don. Significant amounts of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium were retranslocated during three phases of leaf life. In the first phase, retranslocation occurred from young leaves beginning 6 months after leaf initiation, even when leaves were physiologically most active. In the second phase, retranslocation occurred from mature green leaves during their second year, and in the third phase, retranslocation occurred during senescence before leaf fall. Nutrient retranslocation occurred mainly in response to new shoot production. The pattern of retranslocation was remarkably similar in the leaves of all study species (and in the phyllodes of Casuarina glauca Sieber ex Spreng.), despite their diverse genetics, leaf forms and growth rates. There was no net retranslocation of calcium in any of the species. The amounts of nutrients at the start of each pre-retranslocation phase had a strong positive relationship with the amounts subsequently retranslocated, and all species fitted a common relationship. The percentage reduction in concentration or content (retranslocation efficiency) at a particular growth phase is subject to many variables, even within a species, and is therefore not a meaningful measure of interspecific variation. It is proposed that the pattern of retranslocation and its governing factors are similar among species in the absence of interspecies competition for growth and crown structure which occurs in mixed species stands.

  4. PARTICLEBOARDS PRODUCED WITH Eucalyptus grandis W. Hill ex Maiden POLYSTYRENE AND POLYETHYLENE THEREPHTHALATE PARTICLES

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Antônio da Silva Maciel

    2004-06-01

    Full Text Available This research investigated the properties of wood particleboards, containing particles of polystyrene (PS and polyethylene therephthalate (PET. Particleboards were produced with 0%, 25% or 50% of polystyrene and 100%, 75% or 50% of Eucalyptus grandis particles. Additional boards were produced with two amounts of PET/PS (5/20% or 10/40% and 75% or 50% wood particles. As binding agents three amounts (0%, 4% or 6% of urea-formaldehyde or phenol-formaldehyde adhesive and three amounts of polystyrene in toluene solution (0%, 4% or 6% were used. One-layer boards, measuring approximately 400,0 x 400,0 x 10,0 mm with density approximately equal to 0,60 g/cm3, were produced. Internal bond, modulus of rupture and elasticity, screw withdrawal, as well water absorption and thickness swelling, after 24 hours of immersion were determined. All mechanical boards’ properties were superior to the established by ANSI/A 208.1-1993 standards. All wood/plastic particleboards absorbed more water then those observed in commercial boards. However the observed thickness swelling was quite similar to the values of commercial wood particleboards. Boards in which the solution of polystyrene was applied were, in general, presented the best values for all properties.

  5. PRODUCTIVITY AND COSTS OF PROCESSOR WORKING IN STANDS OF Eucalyptus grandis Hill ex Maiden

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Bernardo Carlos Tarnowski

    2009-09-01

    Full Text Available In the present work a time study was conducted with the objective of adjusting equations to estimate the time of activities, productivity, operational costs and the production of the processor used in a harvest operation of stands of Eucalyptus grandis in plain topography in the state of Bahia, Brazil. The operational cycle of the processor consisted of the time spent to process a tree, and was divided in to stages, which were assessed using the methotodology of single activity times. The sampling unit was the operational cycle of the machine. The statistical analysis was based on regression analysis considering the selection procedure “stepwise”. With the adjusted equations it was possible to estimate the productivity of the machine taking into account the of tree diameter. Considering an operational efficiency of 70 % under the circumstances of the study, the productivity of the processor was 25,8 m3 cc/h, the operational costs 47,90 US$/h and the production costs 1,86 US$/m3 cc. On the basis of the obtained results it can be concluded that the time of tree processing has varied directly according to the diameter increase diameter; the preparation time, contrary to the processing time, only shows a weak correlation with tree diameter; productivity of the processor is directly proportional to tree diameter, when expressed in volume and inversely proportional when expressed in tree number; the costs per cubic meter of wood processed varies inversely with of increased diameter; from the operational costs, fixed costs had the highest proportion followed by the variable costs, administrative costs and costs for manpower; the production costs of the processor decreased exponentially with increasing tree diameter.

  6. Little dragons prefer flowers to maidens: a lizard that laps nectar and pollinates trees

    OpenAIRE

    Sazima, Ivan; Sazima, Cristina; Sazima, Marlies

    2005-01-01

    Lizards rarely visit and pollinate flowers, the few recent records being mostly restricted to island habitats. We report here on the Noronha skink (Euprepis atlanticus) seeking nectar in the flowers of the leguminous mulungu tree (Erythrina velutina) at Fernando de Noronha Archipelago, off northeast Brazil. The mulungu tree blooms during the dry season, and each flower secretes copious and diluted nectar throughout the day. The Noronha skink climbs up to the inflorescences and laps the nectar...

  7. Otimização da secagem da madeira de Eucalyptus grandis (Hill ex Maiden).

    OpenAIRE

    Gilson Roberto Vasconcelos dos Santos

    2002-01-01

    É crescente a utilização do gênero Eucalyptus nas indústrias de manufaturados de madeira, notadamente em produtos de maior valor agregado como móveis e assoalhos. Contudo, essa matéria-prima requer secagem lenta, o que implica um aumento no custo do processo, proporcional ao tempo de permanência da madeira no secador. A combinação da secagem natural com a secagem convencional tem sido indicada como alternativa para reduzir a duração do processo artificial; hipótese que foi avaliada, no presen...

  8. MANEJO DO SOLO E CRESCIMENTO INICIAL DE Eucalyptus grandis Hill ex Maiden EM ARGISSOLO

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Juliana Prevedello

    2013-01-01

    Full Text Available The forest species cultivation with rapid growth in Brazil has increased, mainly due to the diverse use of its wood and climate adaptation. The cultivation with minimum tillage in the forest sector stands out a way to increase productivity, combined with the maintenance of biodiversity and soil conservation. This study was conducted at the experimental area of State Foundation for Agricultural Research - Research Center for Forestry in Santa Maria - RS, with aimed to evaluate the effect of the soil tillage methods on soil physical properties and on initial development of Eucalyptus grandis, in a sandy loam Typic Hapludalf. Four soil management practices were compared: no-tillage; chisel tillage; chisel tillage plus harrowing and; rotary tillage (rotary tiller, installed in a randomized block design with three replications. The soil under no-tillage conditioned lower initial growth of eucalyptus due higher soil penetration resistance and bulk density, when compared with treatments with mobilization. The root distribution analysis in soil, despite being a qualitative method, was effective in demonstrating the effect of soil tillage for the Eucalyptus grandis plantation. The soil tillage with mobilization resulted in a higher initial growth of Eucalyptus grandis. The chisel tillage effects in the soil physical properties persisted after one year of soil tillage.

  9. Effect of fertilization on cell size in wood of Eucalyptus grandis Hill Ex Maiden

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Luiz Santini Junior

    2010-12-01

    Full Text Available The use of fertilization in forest stands results in yield gains, yet little attention has been directed to its potential effects on the quality of wood produced. Information is scarce about the effect of fertilization on anatomical structures of older Eucalyptus wood. This work aims to study the effect of fertilization on tissue cell size of wood from a Eucalyptus grandis stand at age 21 years, the management system of which is based on selective thinning and fertilizer application at the start of the thinning season. Factors to consider include: presence or absence of fertilizers, two log positions and five radial (pith to bark positions. Results led to the conclusion that fertilization significantly influenced only vessel frequency. Vessel elements length was influenced by tree height. Fiber length, fiber diameter, fiber wall thickness, vessel elements length, vessel diameter and vessel frequency were influenced by the radial position of the sample in relation to the log. A positive correlation was observed between fiber length, fiber diameter, fiber wall thickness, vessel elements length, vessel diameter, ray width and radial position, while a negative correlation was observed between ray frequency and radial position.

  10. Iisrael lubab nädalaid kestvat sõda, et pühkida Hamas Gazas võimult / Kaivo Kopli

    Index Scriptorium Estoniae

    Kopli, Kaivo

    2008-01-01

    Iisrael vastas Hamasi rünnakutele väidetavalt tugevaima pommitamisega Gaza sektoris 1967. a. sõjast saadik, selle üheks põhjuseks peavad vaatlejad Iisraeli sisepoliitilist olukorda. Vt. samas: Hamas ei taha siiani leppida Iisraeli riigi olemasoluga

  11. Titanic exploration with GIS

    Science.gov (United States)

    Kerski, J.J.

    2004-01-01

    To help teachers and students investigate one of the world's most famous historical events using the geographic perspective and GIS tools and methods, the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) created a set of educational lessons based on the RMS Titanic's April 1912 sailing. With these lessons, student researchers can learn about latitude and longitude, map projections, ocean currents, databases, maps, and images through the analysis of the route, warnings, sinking, rescue, and eventual discovery of the submerged ocean liner in 1985. They can also consider the human and physical aspects of the maiden voyage in the North Atlantic Ocean at a variety of scales, from global to regional to local. Likewise, their investigations can reveal how the sinking of the Titanic affected future shipping routes.

  12. Química e colorimetria da madeira de Eucalyptus grandis W. Mill ex Maiden termorretificada

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Antônio José Vinha Zanuncio

    2014-08-01

    Full Text Available A termorretificação visa melhorar as características para agregar valor à madeira através da aplicação de calor. O objetivo foi avaliar as alterações químicas e colorimétricas da madeira termorretificada de Eucalyptus grandis submetida a 170, 200 e 230 ºC por 3, 5 e 7 h. Os teores de extrativos, lignina, holocelulose, composição elementar e os parâmetros colorimétricos foram determinados. Os teores de extrativos aumentaram nos tratamentos a 170 °C e diminuíram a partir de 200 °C, enquanto o teor de lignina total aumentou e o de holocelulose diminuiu a partir de 200 °C. O teor de carbono aumentou e o de oxigênio diminuiu a 230 °C por 5 e 7 h. A termorretificação reduziu a claridade, matriz vermelho (a* e matriz amarelo (b* da madeira de eucalipto em todos os tratamentos.

  13. Changes of the potential distribution area of French Mediterranean forests under global warming

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    C. Gaucherel

    2008-11-01

    Full Text Available This work aims at understanding future spatial and temporal distributions of tree species in the Mediterranean region of France under various climates. We focused on two different species (Pinus Halepensis and Quercus Ilex and compared their growth under the IPCC-B2 climate scenario in order to quantify significant changes between present and future. The influence of environmental factors such as atmospheric CO2 increase and topography on the tree growth has also been quantified.

    We modeled species growth with the help of a process-based model (MAIDEN, previously calibrated over measured ecophysiological and dendrochronological series with a Bayesian scheme. The model was fed with the ARPEGE – MeteoFrance climate model, combined with an explicit increase in CO2 atmospheric concentration. The main output of the model gives the carbon allocation in boles and thus tree production.

    Our results show that the MAIDEN model is correctly able to simulate pine and oak production in space and time, after detailed calibration and validation stages. Yet, these simulations, mainly based on climate, are indicative and not predictive. The comparison of simulated growth at end of 20th and 21st centuries, show a shift of the pine production optimum from about 650 to 950 m due to 2.5 K temperature increase, while no optimum has been found for oak. With the direct effect of CO2 increase taken into account, both species show a significant increase in productivity (+26 and +43% for pine and oak respectively at the end of the 21st century.

    While both species have different growth mechanisms, they have a good chance to extend their spatial distribution and their elevation in the Alps during the 21st century under the IPCC-B2 climate scenario. This extension is mainly due to the CO2 fertilization effect.

  14. Integrating economic parameters into genetic selection for Large White pigs.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Dube, Bekezela; Mulugeta, Sendros D; Dzama, Kennedy

    2013-08-01

    The objective of the study was to integrate economic parameters into genetic selection for sow productivity, growth performance and carcass characteristics in South African Large White pigs. Simulation models for sow productivity and terminal production systems were performed based on a hypothetical 100-sow herd, to derive economic values for the economically relevant traits. The traits included in the study were number born alive (NBA), 21-day litter size (D21LS), 21-day litter weight (D21LWT), average daily gain (ADG), feed conversion ratio (FCR), age at slaughter (AGES), dressing percentage (DRESS), lean content (LEAN) and backfat thickness (BFAT). Growth of a pig was described by the Gompertz growth function, while feed intake was derived from the nutrient requirements of pigs at the respective ages. Partial budgeting and partial differentiation of the profit function were used to derive economic values, which were defined as the change in profit per unit genetic change in a given trait. The respective economic values (ZAR) were: 61.26, 38.02, 210.15, 33.34, -21.81, -68.18, 5.78, 4.69 and -1.48. These economic values indicated the direction and emphases of selection, and were sensitive to changes in feed prices and marketing prices for carcasses and maiden gilts. Economic values for NBA, D21LS, DRESS and LEAN decreased with increasing feed prices, suggesting a point where genetic improvement would be a loss, if feed prices continued to increase. The economic values for DRESS and LEAN increased as the marketing prices for carcasses increased, while the economic value for BFAT was not sensitive to changes in all prices. Reductions in economic values can be counterbalanced by simultaneous increases in marketing prices of carcasses and maiden gilts. Economic values facilitate genetic improvement by translating it to proportionate profitability. Breeders should, however, continually recalculate economic values to place the most appropriate emphases on the respective

  15. The dendroclimatic proxies from the northern Quebec taiga in the PAGES 2K network: recent advances and future developments.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Gennaretti, Fabio; Naulier, Maud; Arseneault, Dominique; Savard, Martine; Bégin, Christian; Boucher, Etienne; Bégin, Yves; Guiot, Joël

    2016-04-01

    Northeastern North America was historically underrepresented in the network of climate proxies used for climate reconstructions over the last two millennia. Indeed, in North America most high-resolution climate proxies are long tree-ring chronologies but, in Northeastern North America, these chronologies are highly challenging due to short tree longevity, high frequency and severity of wildfires and remoteness of many areas. Here, we will present the efforts accomplished during the last decade by our team in developing millennial-long tree-ring chronologies in the northern Quebec taiga. We sampled black spruce [Picea mariana (Mill.) B.S.P] subfossil tree remains naturally fallen in the littoral zone of six lakes to build six site-specific ring-width chronologies as well as two chronologies of stable isotope ratios (δ18O and δ13C in tree-ring cellulose). These chronologies, which are now included in the PAGES 2K network, were independently used to reconstruct summer temperature variations showing a well-expressed Medieval Climate Anomaly and the impact of volcanic and solar forcings at regional scale. We will also discuss non-climatic influences on these chronologies (i.e. wildfires and sampling height inconsistency), as well as the ongoing effort to extend the reconstructions in time to cover the last 2500 years. Finally, a new European funded project called MAIDEN-SPRUCE will be introduced. Within MAIDEN-SPRUCE, we will use a data-model approach to improve our understanding of the links between forests and climate over the last millennium. More specifically, we will adapt the process-based ecophysiological model MAIDENiso to investigate factors influencing the growth and underlying biogeochemical processes of black spruce. One of our objectives is to provide the first multi-proxy (ring widths and δ18O and δ13C in tree-ring cellulose) regional climate reconstruction in Eastern North America over the last millennium taking into account mechanistic rules

  16. Characteristics of Thoroughbred and Quarter Horse racehorses that sustained a complete scapular fracture.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Vallance, S A; Case, J T; Entwistle, R C; Kinde, H; Barr, B C; Moore, J; Anderson, M L; Arthur, R M; Stover, S M

    2012-07-01

    To determine if scapular fractures occur in racehorses with distinctive characteristics. To test the hypothesis that Thoroughbred (TB) and Quarter Horse (QH) racehorses with a scapular fracture have similar characteristics that are different from those of their respective racetrack populations. Necropsy findings, case details, last race information and career earnings for TB and QH racehorses that had a scapular fracture in California between 1990 and 2008 were retrospectively compared between breeds. Horse signalment, career earnings, career starts and race characteristics were obtained for all California racehorses. Comparisons were made between affected horses, other racehorses that died, and all horses that raced, in California during the 19 year period. Seventy-three TB and 28 QH racehorses had a similar, complete comminuted scapular fracture with an articular component, and right forelimb predilection. The QHs had a higher incidence of scapular fracture incurred during racing than TBs (0.98 vs. 0.39/1000 starters). The TB and QH incident rates for musculoskeletal deaths incurred racing were 20.5 and 17.5/1000 starters, respectively; however, a greater proportion of TB musculoskeletal deaths occurred training (40% vs. 8%). Horses with a scapular fracture were more likely to be male and aged 2 or ≥ 5 years than the racetrack population. Most affected QHs (64%) were 2-year-olds; most TBs (74%) were aged ≥ 3 years. Scapular fractures occurred more commonly during racing in QHs (70%) than TBs (44%). Race-related scapular fracture was more likely to occur in a Maiden race than in a non-Maiden race. Horses with a scapular fracture had fewer career starts than the racetrack population. Despite breed differences for signalment and exercise distances, both breeds incur a complete scapular fracture that is more likely to occur in the right scapula of young and older, male racehorses, early in their race career or after few races. Quarter Horses sustain a

  17. Atlantic Women in Motion: Ana Miranda’s and José Eduardo Agualusa’s Postcolonial Historical Novel

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Edvaldo A. Bergamo

    2017-11-01

    Full Text Available This paper proposes a comparative study of Desmundo (1997 by the Brazilian Ana Miranda and Nação crioula (1997 by the Angolan José Eduardo Agualusa. The analysis focusses on the configuration of the protagonists of both novels. These protagonists transit the Atlantic Ocean which is characterized by symbolic exchanges and intense cultural contact: respectively a marriageable maiden who is compelled to immigrate to Brazil in order to strengthen the Lusitanian presence in the tropics, confirming the body of the white woman also as an instrument of European merchant machine, and a former slave and rich owner who becomes the embodiment of anti-abolitionist struggle in a mixed race Angola, confirming once again the body of the black woman as a slave trade merchandise.

  18. Binukot at Nabukot: From Myth to Practice

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Maria Christine Muyco

    2016-12-01

    Full Text Available Age-old tales, epic chants, and even contemporary television soap operas tell about the binukot, the well-kept maiden of the Panay Bukidnon, the highland inhabitants of Panay, Philippines. This article examines the binukot through myths and practices found in the people’s expressive culture: from the sugidanon (epic chants/chanting, to the tigbabayi (solo woman’s dance of the binanog (hawk-eagle music and dance tradition, to panubok (traditional embroidery, where the binukot is illustrated or exemplified. From various representations, the article moves to essay the binukot’s actual practice, including her present life living as a nabukot,1 a transformed status she gains when she gets married. I interlace my ethnographic observations regarding these states as part of a reconsideration of feminism from both Western and indigenous perspectives.

  19. Rapid Inventory Collection System (RICS) and the 2009 Victorian Bushfires impact assessment

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Habili, N; Corby, N; Cechet, R P, E-mail: nariman.habili@ga.gov.a [Risk and Impact Analysis Group, Geoscience Australia G.PO Box 378, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory (Australia)

    2010-08-15

    The Rapid Inventory Collection System (RICS) is a vehicular data collection system (image and GPS) used for building/infrastructure damage and inventory assessment. The system consists of Ethernet cameras attached to a tripod mounted on a motor vehicle, a GPS receiver and software written in C++. RICS was deployed following the 2009 Victorian Bushfires and the collected data was used by the Victorian Bushfires Royal Commission for the impact assessment (field survey) which quantified the extent and severity of the damage caused to residential buildings by the fire-storm. The regions of Kilmore East, Murrindindi, Churchill, Maiden Gully - Bendigo and Bunyip had nearly 5400 residential structures within the fire perimeter. Analysis utilising both aerial and vehicular (RICS) imagery indicates that just over 2100 homes were destroyed and an additional 800 received minor damage.

  20. Laser light interaction for texture evaluation of native woods and Eucalyptus grandis W. Hill ex Maiden

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Silva, M.R.; Mori, F.A.; Rabelo, G.F.; Braga Junior, R.A.

    2005-01-01

    This work had the objective of study in patterns of the ''speckle'' as function of the wood texture of Bowdichia virgilioides check for this species in other resources (sucupira), Swietenia macrophylla check for this species in other resources (mogno), Balfourodendron riedelianum check for this species in other resources (paumarfim) and Eucalyptus grandis wood. The He-Ne laser 10 mW was used to illuminate the wood samples and a digital camera captured the result of the interaction of the wood with the laser light. The results obtained from image analysis were compared with the pattern obtained by microscopic methodology. The captured images show the intensities of each pixel, varying between 0 and 255 in the gray scale. From the images, a central area of 16x16 pixels was removed and analyzed by the application of the convolution function and its Fourier Transform, resulting in the power density spectrum. The results showed that the information obtained by the power density spectrum of the ''speckle'' space variation allow classing samples of woods with different texture [pt

  1. Does the Judicial Clean Sweep for the New EU Tobacco Directive Mean a New-Fangled Mirth of May?

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Elsmore, Matthew James

    This working paper examines major developments in May 2016 concerning European tobacco law and policy. Focussing on extensive Court of Justice rulings in three key cases, the legal analysis considers the role of the WHO Framework Convention for Tobacco Control (FCTC) as regards the lawfulness...... and appropriateness of the new EU Tobacco Products Directive, and more widely EU law and policy for public health given the regulation of other unhealthy lifestyle behaviours. In light of past concerns as to legitimacy and proportionality of EU tobacco control measures and the subsequent emergence of a fundamental...... rights regime under the EU Charter, this paper considers how convincing the Court has been this time in its interpretation of newly contested measures concerning the European-wide ban of menthol cigarettes, the maiden regime for e-cigarettes, and mandatory standardised product packaging rules including...

  2. Consumo Foliar de Eucalyptus spp. por Acromyrmex disciger (Mayr, 1887 (Hymenoptera: Formicidae

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Wagner Calixto Morais

    2011-07-01

    Abstract. The productive potential of forest stands is reduced by pest occurrence among other factors. In Brazil, leaf-cutting ants are the most severe eucalypt pests. Acromyrmex disciger (Mayr is prevalent in the south east Brazil. However, scarce information about its potential damage for Eucalyptus forests is available. This work deals to quantifying the eucalypt leaf-consumption by such specie of leaf-cutting ant. Fresh leaves were taken from trees of Eucalyptus grandis W. Hill ex Maiden, Eucalyptus urophylla ST Blake, and hybrid E. urophylla x E. grandis and served to different colonies of A. disciger, during 24 hours period, over eight different times. Leaf-consumption was calculated throughout fresh weights of leaves, before and after ants foraging. Each colony of A. disciger consumed 38.8 ± 3.2 g e 22.0 ± 2.3 g of eucalypt leaves, per day.

  3. Seed viability constants for Eucalyptus grandis Constantes de viabilidade para sementes de Eucalyptus grandis

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Jussara Bertho Fantinatti

    2007-01-01

    Full Text Available This work aimed to analyse Eucalyptus grandis W.Hill ex Maiden seed behaviour, under controlled deterioration, and to estimate viability equation constants for the species. Seeds were harvested in the growing season of 1999, and the moisture contents were adjusted from 11.3% to a range between 1.2 and 18.1% at 25ºC. The subsamples were sealed into laminate aluminium-foil packets, for storage in incubators at 40, 50 and 65±0.5ºC. The seeds presented orthodox performance, in which the constants for predicting seed longevity of E. grandis were K E = 9.661, C W = 6.467, C H = 0.03498 and C Q = 0.0002330. The usual and inverse relationship between water content and seed longevity was also observed. The lowest moisture content limit for application of the viability equation at 65ºC was 4.9%, estimated under hygroscopic equilibrium with 23% of relative humidity in the storage environment.Este trabalho teve como objetivos verificar o desempenho de sementes de Eucalyptus grandis W.Hill ex Maiden, após a deterioração em condições controladas, e obter as constantes da equação de viabilidade. As sementes foram colhidas na safra de 1999, e a umidade foi ajustada de 11,3% para valores entre 1,2 e 18,1% a 25ºC As subamostras foram acondicionadas em embalagens de alumínio termossoldadas, armazenadas a 40, 50 e 65±0,5ºC. As sementes apresentaram um desempenho ortodoxo em relação ao armazenamento. As constantes para a predição da longevidade foram K E = 9,661, C W = 6,467, C H = 0,03498 e C Q = 0,0002330. Foi observada a relação inversa entre teor de água e longevidade. O limite inferior de grau de umidade, calculado para aplicação da equação a 65ºC, foi de 4,9%, estimativa obtida sob equilíbrio higroscópico com umidade relativa de 23% no ambiente de armazenamento.

  4. Micropropagation of Dianthus deltoides L. through shoot tip and nodal cuttings culture

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Marković Marija

    2013-01-01

    Full Text Available Micropropagation (shoot tip and nodal cuttings culture was used for the rapid propagation of the non-invasive, decorative, native plants of maiden pink (Dianthus deltoides L. in order to preserve their genetic diversity. In vitro culture was successfully established on Murashige and Skoog medium (MS using seeds as the initial material. In the shoot multiplication phase, the explants were cultured on MS medium supplemented with different concentrations of 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP and naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA. The highest multiplication rate was achieved on a medium containing 0.1 mgL-1 of BAP and 0.1 mgL-1 of NAA. The rooting was successful on a hormone-free medium (100%, and the highest percentage of microplant acclimatization (97% was recorded in a 4: 1 mixture of peat and sand. [Projekat Ministarstva nauke Republike Srbije, br. TR 31041: Establishment of wood plantations intended for a forestation of Serbia

  5. Modification of the original color of the Eucalyptus grandis wood by heat treatments

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Rosilei Aparecida Garcia

    2014-09-01

    Full Text Available The objective of this study was to determine the modification of original color of Eucalyptus grandis Hill ex. Maiden wood after heat-treatment. Wood samples were heat-treated under different temperatures (180, 200, 215 and 230ºC and time conditions (15 minutes, 2 and 4 hours. Color analysis were performed on the CIE L*a*b* system by using a Color Eye XTH-X-Rite 200d spectrophotometer. All heat treatments promoted an alteration of the original color of wood. Heat-treated woods presented lower L* (lightness values than untreated wood (control, characterizing the wood darkness, mainly for more severe conditions of temperature and time. Chromatic coordinates (a* and b* showed different behaviors depending on the temperature-time combination. The modification of the original color of the wood allowed the creation of new color patterns, which can add greater value to the studied wood.

  6. 3D silicon breast surface mapping via structured light profilometry

    Science.gov (United States)

    Vairavan, R.; Ong, N. R.; Sauli, Z.; Kirtsaeng, S.; Sakuntasathien, S.; Shahimin, M. M.; Alcain, J. B.; Lai, S. L.; Paitong, P.; Retnasamy, V.

    2017-09-01

    Digital fringe projection technique is one of the promising optical methods for 3D surface imaging as it demonstrates non contact and non invasive characteristics. The potential of this technique matches the requirement for human body evaluation, as it is vital for disease diagnosis and for treatment option selection. Thus, the digital fringe projection has addressed this requirement with its wide clinical related application and studies. However, the application of this technique for 3D surface mapping of the breast is very minimal. Hence, in this work, the application of digital fringe projection for 3D breast surface mapping is reported. Phase shift fringe projection technique was utilized to perform the 3D breast surface mapping. Maiden results have confirmed the feasibility of using the digital fringe projection method for 3D surface mapping of the breast and it can be extended for breast cancer detection.

  7. Calibration and flight qualification of FORTIS

    Science.gov (United States)

    Fleming, Brian T.; McCandliss, Stephan R.; Redwine, Keith; Kaiser, Mary Elizabeth; Kruk, Jeffery; Feldman, Paul D.; Kutyrev, Alexander S.; Li, Mary J.; Moseley, S. H.; Siegmund, Oswald; Vallerga, John; Martin, Adrian

    2013-09-01

    The Johns Hopkins University sounding rocket group has completed the assembly and calibration of the Far-ultraviolet Off Rowland-circle Telescope for Imaging and Spectroscopy (FORTIS); a sounding rocket borne multi-object spectro-telescope designed to provide spectral coverage of up to 43 separate targets in the 900 - 1800 Angstrom bandpass over a 30' x 30' field-of-view. FORTIS is capable of selecting the far-UV brightest regions of the target area by utilizing an autonomous targeting system. Medium resolution (R ~ 400) spectra are recorded in redundant dual-order spectroscopic channels with ~40 cm2 of effective area at 1216 Å. The maiden launch of FORTIS occurred on May 10, 2013 out of the White Sands Missile Range, targeting the extended spiral galaxy M61 and nearby companion NGC 4301. We report on the final flight calibrations of the instrument, as well as the flight results.

  8. In-orbit attitude actuation using solar panels

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Renuganth Varatharajoo

    2008-06-01

    Full Text Available A specific technique is developed to wield the internal disturbance torque caused by the solar panel actuation for spacecraft attitude control tasks. This work is the maiden work towards integrating the attitude control and the solar tracking tasks, forming a combined attitude and solar tracking system. The feasibility of this concept for spacecraft is proven and eventually the combined concept is validated. A technical proof is presented corresponding to the end-to-end system demonstration. The investigation starts with the determination of the solar tracking constraints. Then, the mathematical models describing the attitude and solar tracking are established, and eventually the onboard architecture is implemented. The numerical treatments using MatlabTM were performed to evaluate the developed onboard architecture. The simulation results are discussed especially from the attitude control standpoint. The integrated system complies very well with the reference mission requirements.

  9. MICOBIOTA ASSOCIADA À MADEIRA SERRADA DE Eucalyptus grandis HILL EX MAIDEN DURANTE A SECAGEM AO AR LIVRE

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Paulo Fernando Trugilho

    2006-02-01

    Full Text Available O objetivo principal deste trabalho foi o de acompanhar a secagem ao ar livre da madeira serrada de Eucalyptus grandis conduzida na região de Lavras, MG e identificar a micobiota associada à madeira em diversas fases da secagem. As tábuas foram cortadas de oito toras de 3,0 m de comprimento, oriundas de três árvores, com 27 anos de idade, plantadas em área experimental da UFLA. Dos resultados, pôde-se concluir que a secagem da madeira de Eucalyptus grandis ao ar livre, iniciada em janeiro, consumiu 158 dias até atingir umidade próxima a 12,5%. A curva de secagem foi representada por uma equação logarítmica com coeficiente de determinação (R2 igual a 98,3%. Os fungos causadores de bolores superficiais e de manchas tiveram maior ocorrência no início da secagem. As mais altas freqüências de fungos, verificadas no início da secagem, foram observadas para Penicillium spp. e Pestalotiopsis sp. O fungo Lentinus lepideus ocorreu com maior freqüência no final da secagem.

  10. SPECTRORADIOMETRY IN THE VISIBLE AND NEAR INFRARED REGION ON A STAND OF Eucalyptus grandis Hill ex-Maiden

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    Catize Brandelero

    2012-03-01

    Full Text Available http://dx.doi.org/10.5902/198050985093Reflectance readings in border and inner tree leaves in a Eucalyptus grandis stand, in São Pedro das Missões, Rio Grande do Sul state, were analyzed in the regions of the visible electromagnetic spectrum and the nearby infrared, by using spectrum radiometry. The area was divided in two parts: border and center stands. In order to collect the material, the crown was divided in three parts (superior, medium and inferior, so that it would be possible to differentiate the positions of leaf collections in each area. Three trees were sampled in each area, adding up to six trees, for each tree, 60 isolated leaves were collected, 20 in each position. The reflectance readings were carried out through FieldSpec®3 spectrum radiometer and the final results were segmented in the visible and nearby infrared spectral bands. The statistical analysis was made on the basis of several tests, among them Tukey HSD test, in order to compare the averages of the visible region, which, according to ANOVA, present significant differences. It is concluded that the collecting indicating class of leaves for the spectrum radiometric analysis in the visible region are preferably the 5 one (tree in the center, reading in the medium part and #3 one (border tree, reading superior part.

  11. Influência do vermicomposto na produção de mudas de Eucalyptus grandis Hill ex Maiden

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Mauro Valdir Schumacher

    2001-01-01

    Full Text Available Considering the large area of planted forest with species of the genus Eucalyptus and its uses for multiple purpose, its cultivation has an economic importance in Brazil. The use of substratum with good physic-chemical characteristics is an important point for the quality of the produced seedlings. The objective of this work was to evaluate the effect of different doses of vermicompost in containers with capacity of about 50 cm3 of substratum. The current study was conducted in a greenhouse with Eucalyptus grandis from January to April in 1997. The substratum used for seedlings production was the soil from horizon A (0-20 cm of São Pedro Unit Mapping (yellow red Podzolic with different vermicompost quantities (0; 5.0; 10.0; 15.0 and 20.0 cm3. The vermicompost was produced from red-worm from California (Eisenia foetida Savigny with cow dung. After 100 days, the results of development for the same seedlings were different depending on doses of vermicompost. It was verified that quantities over 15.0 cm3 (30% of vermicompost per container are not recommended for the seedling production.

  12. Durabilidad natural de madera de Eucalyptus grandis Hill ex Maiden de plantaciones de rápido crecimiento

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    Silvia Böthig

    2011-05-01

    Full Text Available Una de las especies forestales de rápido crecimiento cultivadas en Uruguay de mayor importancia económica es el Eucalyptus grandis. Trabajos anteriores reportan propiedades físicas y mecánicas de la madera juvenil y adulta proveniente de plantaciones de esta especie en diferentes regiones del país. Sin embargo, dado que no se dispone de datos científicos nacionales sobre su durabilidad natural, en este trabajo fue evaluada madera de E. grandis obtenida de dos plantaciones de 16 años de edad con semilla del mismo origen, de dos sitios, Rivera y Río Negro. Se estudió la durabilidad natural del duramen externo e interno siguiendo los métodos de la norma EN 350-1, tomando Populus deltoides x euroamericana cv I-214 como especie de referencia. Se realizaron ensayos de laboratorio para determinar la resistencia a la descomposición fúngica (Gloeophyllum trabeum, Trametes versicolor y Serpula lacrymans y a las termites (Reticulitermes spp. siguiendo las normas EN 113 y EN 118, respectivamente. Se realizaron ensayos de campo de estacas, de doble capa y cámara fúngica, los cuales aún están en curso, por lo que en el presente trabajo se presentan resultados parciales. Los perfiles radiales de densidad básica revelaron que la madera del duramen externo no era adulta, sino madera de transición. En general, el duramen de E. grandis mostró una mayor durabilidad que el híbrido Populus.El E. grandis se clasificó como moderadamente o seriamente atacado por Reticulitermes spp. Según EN 350-1, la madera juvenil de E. grandis puede considerarse como “moderadamente durable” ante la pudrición parda provocada por G. trabeum, mientras que la madera de transición puede describirse como “durable”. La madera de transición mostró en relación a la madera juvenil una mayor resistencia al G. trabeum, una susceptibilidad levemente menor a las termites y mejor desempeño en el campo luego de 17 meses de exposición. El sitio de la plantación no parece afectar la vulnerabilidad a las termites del E. grandis cultivado en la región norte u oeste de Uruguay. Hasta el momento, los resultados de campo sugieren mejor desempeño para el sitio II que para el sitio I. Sin embargo, aún es muy pronto para extraer conclusiones válidas de los ensayos de doble capa o de estacas. La durabilidad natural podría estar relacionada con la densidad. Otros estudios son necesarios para extraer conclusiones certeras al respecto.AbstractOne of the fast growing species cultivated in Uruguay of major economical importance is Eucalyptus grandis. Physical and mechanicalproperties of juvenile and mature wood from different regions have been reported. However, since no scientific data of natural durability of this specie has been reported, natural durability of E. grandis from two sites (Rivera and Río Negro was evaluated. Two sixteen years old plantations, originated by seed of same source, were sampled. Natural durability of outer and inner heartwood was studied following EN 350-1 methods. Populus deltoides x euroamericana cv I-214 was tested as reference specie. EN 113 laboratory tests for fungal decay (Gloeophyllum trabeum, Trametes versicolor and Serpula lacrymans and EN 118 for termites resistance (Reticulitermes spp. were performed. Field stakes, double layer and fungal cellar tests were established. They are still on course and partial results are reported below in this paper. Upon basic density radial profiles, it wasfound that outer heartwood was not mature wood, but can be assumed as transition wood. In general, E. grandis heartwood showed higher durability than Populus hybrid. E. grandis appeared moderately or seriously attacked by Reticulitermes spp. E. grandis juvenile wood can be classified according EN 350-1, as “Moderately Durable” against the brown rotter G. trabeum, whereas transition wood can be described as “Durable”.

  13. Pamela: una donna goldoniana in Russia con Eleonora Duse

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    Maria Pia Pagani

    2012-01-01

    Full Text Available In Venice (Casa Goldoni Library there is a libretto with a summary of Pamela maiden, which was deliberately prepared for the representation of Eleonora Duse in St. Petersburg, on 11th April 1891. It was printed by the publisher V. K. Travsky – with approval of the Russian censorship issued on 13th March 1891 – at the Typography of the Ministry of Internal Affairs, in limited edition. It was created by an anonymous Russian man of letters to help the public in the comprehension of the plot of the comedy, because the actors played using Italian language.This essay presents the first annotated Italian translation of this libretto, and a reflection about Duse’s first tour in Russia – with particular attention to the diffusion process “outside” the Italian boundaries of this Goldoni’s comedy, which was in her repertory “inside” the national territory since 1880.

  14. Last name analysis of mobility, gender imbalance, and nepotism across academic systems.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Grilli, Jacopo; Allesina, Stefano

    2017-07-18

    In biology, last names have been used as proxy for genetic relatedness in pioneering studies of neutral theory and human migrations. More recently, analyzing the last name distribution of Italian academics has raised the suspicion of nepotism, with faculty hiring their relatives for academic posts. Here, we analyze three large datasets containing the last names of all academics in Italy, researchers from France, and those working at top public institutions in the United States. Through simple randomizations, we show that the US academic system is geographically well-mixed, whereas Italian academics tend to work in their native region. By contrasting maiden and married names, we can detect academic couples in France. Finally, we detect the signature of nepotism in the Italian system, with a declining trend. The claim that our tests detect nepotism as opposed to other effects is supported by the fact that we obtain different results for the researchers hired after 2010, when an antinepotism law was in effect.

  15. Status of the relativistic heavy ion collider

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Karl, F.

    1999-01-01

    At the present time, commissioning of the 3.8 kilometer Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC) is in full swing. On July 16, 1999, the commissioners were successful in circulating a Gold Ion Beam for the first time, in the Blue Ring, as power supplies were being checked out for beam into the Yellow Ring. The commissioning schedule is to accelerate beam in the Blue Ring, then spiral and accelerate beam in the Yellow Ring, then if all goes well, obtain some collisions, all before a fast approaching shutdown in mid-August. The four experimental regions, Star, Phenix, Brahms and Phobos are gearing up for their maiden beam runs and much effort is being spent to make the thirst glimpse of the beam an exciting one. Our Alignment Group has been working closely with the experimenters in these areas, mostly with MANCAT type component pre-surveys and in the near future installing and locating these various components relative to the RHIC Beam Line. (author)

  16. Popular Geopolitics of Japan: Geopolitical Discourses of Anime

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Marta Zorko

    2014-12-01

    Full Text Available Geopolitical discourses are an integral part of the contemporary geopolitics of each state. Driven by geopolitical traditions and imagination, they intercept and thus create all aspects of the discipline of critical geopolitics- the formal, practical and popular. The main area of our research is the discourse embedded in the popular geopolitics of a specific cultural product of Japan, anime. Anime are unique and thus suited for analysis for two reasons. The first is their specific, local production and global recognition. The second is their double coding. Although they are a product of the traditional geopolitical culture of Japan’s entertainment industry, they are able to create a contemporary geopolitical culture at the same time. Through an analysis of three anime series, Tokyo Magnitude 8.0, Earth Maiden Arjuna and Mobile Suit Gundam 00, we explore the geographic and geopolitical characteristics of Japan and their influence on the traditional, as well as the contemporary geopolitical discourses.

  17. Alice-Anne Martin (1926 - 2016)

    CERN Multimedia

    2016-01-01

    Alice-Anne Martin, known as “Schu” from her maiden name Schubert, passed away on 8 January 2016.   (Image: Gérard Bertin) Hired the year CERN was founded, 1954, when the construction of the Laboratory had not even begun, Schu first worked at the Villa de Cointrin (a historic building now within the grounds of Geneva airport) as a secretary. In this role, she typed the convention between CERN and the Swiss Confederation, prepared by Stéphanie Tixier, as well as some of the "Yellow Reports" that have marked key points in the Laboratory’s history. For example, using a special typewriter with two keyboards – Latin and Greek – she typed the Yellow Report on the KAM theorem by Rolf Hagedorn. Schu also worked with Felix Bloch, the first Director-General of CERN, and later became the secretary of Herbert Coblenz, the first CERN librarian. She was head of the team that edited the proceedings of the ...

  18. Orion Exploration Flight Test-l (EFT -1) Absolute Navigation Design

    Science.gov (United States)

    Sud, Jastesh; Gay, Robert; Holt, Greg; Zanetti, Renato

    2014-01-01

    Scheduled to launch in September 2014 atop a Delta IV Heavy from the Kennedy Space Center, the Orion Multi-Purpose-Crew-Vehicle (MPCV's) maiden flight dubbed "Exploration Flight Test -1" (EFT-1) intends to stress the system by placing the uncrewed vehicle on a high-energy parabolic trajectory replicating conditions similar to those that would be experienced when returning from an asteroid or a lunar mission. Unique challenges associated with designing the navigation system for EFT-1 are presented in the narrative with an emphasis on how redundancy and robustness influenced the architecture. Two Inertial Measurement Units (IMUs), one GPS receiver and three barometric altimeters (BALTs) comprise the navigation sensor suite. The sensor data is multiplexed using conventional integration techniques and the state estimate is refined by the GPS pseudorange and deltarange measurements in an Extended Kalman Filter (EKF) that employs the UDUT decomposition approach. The design is substantiated by simulation results to show the expected performance.

  19. Effect of soil water availability on gas exchange in young trees of Eucalyptus grandis W. Hill ex Maiden

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    María Sara Mejía de Tafur

    2017-10-01

    Full Text Available Two outdoor trials were conducted in the department of Valle del Cauca, Colombia, in contrasting climatic conditions, to evaluate the effect of soil water availability on the gas exchange of four elite genotypes of Eucalyptus grandis as follows: 28-3, 18-3, 24A-5 and 19-1, respectively. One trial was conducted on the campus of the Universidad Nacional de Colombia located in Palmira, at 994 m.a.s.l. with an average temperature of 23.5°C (maximum of 31°C, minimum of 18°C, and 76% relative humidity (RH. The second trial was conducted at the nursery of Carton de Colombia S.A., located in Restrepo, at 1450 m.a.s.l. with an average temperature 18°C (maximum of 26°C, minimum of 12°C and 80% RH. A split-plot design with four replicates was used. Treatments were field capacity (FC, ½ FC, ¼ FC, and soil waterlogging. At both locations, pot surfaces were covered with plastic sheeting to prevent the entrance of rainfall. Significant differences between water regimes, genotypes and locations occurred in photosynthesis rate, internal CO2 of the substomatal cavity (Ci, stomatal conductance, and transpiration rate, indicating that E. grandis has physiological defense mechanisms to drought stress such as stomata closure, evidenced by a decreasing in photosynthesis rate, stomatal conductance, and transpiration rate. A differential response was also observed between genotypes depending on the environment, indicating a genotype x environment interaction in terms of plant physiological response. Eucalyptus grandis appears to save water under water stress conditions by a decreasing in photosynthesis rate. Excess water is more limiting than water deficit.

  20. RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN CLIMATE VARIABLES, TRUNK GROWTH RATE AND WOOD DENSITY OF Eucalyptus grandis W. Mill ex Maiden TREES

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    Carlos Roberto Sette Jr

    2016-04-01

    Full Text Available ABSTRACT Climatic conditions stimulates the cambial activity of plants, and cause significant changes in trunk diameter growth and wood characteristics. The objective of this study was to evaluate the influence of climate variables in the diameter growth rate of the stem and the wood density of Eucalyptus grandis trees in different classes of the basal area. A total of 25 Eucalyptus trees at 22 months of age were selected according to the basal area distribution. Dendrometer bands were installed at the height of 1.30 meters (DBH to monitor the diameter growth every 14 days, for 26 months. After measuring growth, the trees were felled and wood discs were removed at the DBH level to determine the radial density profile through x-ray microdensitometry and then re-scale the average values every 14 days. Climatic variables for the monitoring period were obtained and grouped every 14 days. The effect of the climate variables was determined by maximum and minimum growth periods in assessing trunk growth. These growth periods were related with precipitation, average temperature and relative air humidity. The re-scaled wood density values, calculated using the radial growth of the tree trunks measured accurately with steel dendrometers, enabled the determination of the relationship of small changes in wood density and the effect of the climatic variations and growth rate of eucalyptus tree trunks. A high sensitivity of the wood density to variation in precipitation levels was found.

  1. EFFECT OF THINNING AND FERTILIZATION ON Eucalyptus grandis Hill ex-Maiden PITH DISPLACEMENT AND LOG END SPLITTlNG

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    Israel Luiz de Lima

    2007-06-01

    Full Text Available The aim of this study was to analyse the influence of thinning and fertilization on some log properties which influence sawn wood yield in a 21 year-old grown Eucalyptus grandis stand. Three selective thinning intensities (37, 50 and 75%, presence or absence of fertilizers on the beginning of the thinning, two diameter classes and two logs taken from two different vertical positions were taken as the study factors. The influence of the factors and their combination on tree growth stresses were indirectly evaluate through log end splitting and pith displacement in relation to its normal central position. Thinning, fertilization, diameter class and log position on the tree height did not have significant effect on pith displacement. The logs from fertilized plots presented higher log end splitting index than others.

  2. Lignina organosolv de Eucalyptus dunnii maiden, alternativa para a síntese de adesivos de poliuretano para madeira

    OpenAIRE

    Anzaldo Hernández, José

    2013-01-01

    Por muitos anos a lignina tem sido utilizada como combustível para a geração de energia na indústria da celulose. Porém no transcorrer dos anos, as empresas de celulose têm aumentado a capacidade produtiva, isto traz como conseqüência que, algumas delas tenham excedentes de lignina que pode ser aproveitada na obtenção de outros materiais. Atualmente são comercializadas as ligninas técnicas (lignina Kraft e lignosulfonatos) que têm mercado específico como agentes de flotação, dispersante, cond...

  3. Experiences of a long-term randomized controlled prevention trial in a maiden environment: Estonian Postmenopausal Hormone Therapy trial

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    Rahu Mati

    2008-08-01

    Full Text Available Abstract Background Preventive drugs require long-term trials to show their effectiveness or harms and often a lot of changes occur during post-marketing studies. The purpose of this article is to describe the research process in a long-term randomized controlled trial and discuss the impact and consequences of changes in the research environment. Methods The Estonian Postmenopausal Hormone Therapy trial (EPHT, originally planned to continue for five years, was planned in co-operation with the Women's International Study of Long-Duration Oestrogen after Menopause (WISDOM in the UK. In addition to health outcomes, EPHT was specifically designed to study the impact of postmenopausal hormone therapy (HT on health services utilization. Results After EPHT recruited in 1999–2001 the Women's Health Initiative (WHI in the USA decided to stop the estrogen-progestin trial after a mean of 5.2 years in July 2002 because of increased risk of breast cancer and later in 2004 the estrogen-only trial because HT increased the risk of stroke, decreased the risk of hip fracture, and did not affect coronary heart disease incidence. WISDOM was halted in autumn 2002. These decisions had a major influence on EPHT. Conclusion Changes in Estonian society challenged EPHT to find a balance between the needs of achieving responses to the trial aims with a limited budget and simultaneously maintaining the safety of trial participants. Flexibility was the main key for success. Rapid changes are not limited only to transiting societies but are true also in developed countries and the risk must be included in planning all long-term trials. The role of ethical and data monitoring committees in situations with emerging new data from other studies needs specification. Longer funding for preventive trials and more flexibility in budgeting are mandatory. Who should prove the effectiveness of an (old drug for a new preventive indication? In preventive drug trials companies may donate drugs but they take a financial risk, especially with licensed drugs. Public funding is crucial to avoid commercial biases. Legislation to share the costs of large post-marketing trials as well as regulation of manufacturer's participation is needed. [ISRCTN35338757

  4. RAPD analysis of genetic variability in a multiprovenance base population of Eucalyptus grandis hill ex maiden Variabilidade genética através da técnica RAPD de uma população-base multiprocedências de Eucalyptus grandis hill ex maiden

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Susi Meire Maximino Leite

    2008-12-01

    Full Text Available This study aimed to evaluate the genetic variability among individuals of a base population of Eucalyptus grandis and to build a molecular marker database for the analyzed populations. The Eucalyptus grandis base population comprised 327 individuals from Coff's Harbour, Atherton and Rio Claro. A few plants came from other sites (Belthorpe MT. Pandanus, Kenilworth, Yabbra, etc.. Since this base population had a heterogeneous composition, the groups were divided according to geographic localization (latitude and longitude, and genetic breeding level. Thus, the influence of those two factors (geographic localization and genetic breeding level on the genetic variability detected was discussed. The RAPD technique allowed the evaluation of 70 loci. The binary matrix was used to estimate the genetic similarity among individuals using Jaccard's Coefficient. Parametric statistical tests were used to compare within-group similarity of the means. The obtained results showed that the base population had wide genetic variability and a mean genetic similarity of 0.328. Sub-group 3 (wild materials from the Atherton region showed mean genetic similarity of 0.318. S.P.A. (from Coff's Harbour region had a mean genetic similarity of 0.322 and was found to be very important for maintenance of variation in the base population. This can be explained since the individuals from those groups accounted for most of the base population (48.3% for it. The base population plants with genetic similarity higher than 0.60 should be phenotypically analyzed again in order to clarify the tendency of genetic variability during breeding programs.Este estudo visou avaliar a variabilidade e distância genética dentro de uma população-base de melhoramento genético de Eucalyptus grandis. A avaliação da variabilidade genética tem como objetivos principais analisar a base genética da população-base e montar um banco de dados marcadores moleculares da população em análise. Essa população é formada por 327 indivíduos, principalmente das procedências de Coff's Harbour, Atherton e Rio Claro. Devido à heterozigosidade natural dessa população, ela pode ser dividida em diversas subpopulações, de acordo com a latitude e longitude de origem; e dentro de subpopulações, em função do grau de melhoramento genético já realizado do material analisado no Brasil. Isso permitiu avaliar quanto da variabilidade detectada dentro da população-base foi devido a esses fatores: procedência e grau de melhoramento. A aplicação da técnica RAPD permitiu avaliar 70 locos polimórficos, que foram analisados utilizando-se o coeficiente de Jaccard, o que resultou em matrizes de similaridade genética entre os indivíduos. Os dados de similaridade genética posteriormente foram submetidos à análise estatística. Osdados indicaram que a população-base apresenta ampla base genética, com média de similaridade genética de 0,328. O subgrupo denominado Região 3, composto por material selvagem da macrorregião de Atherton, juntamente com material de APS da macrorregião de Coff's Harbour, foi um dos que mais contribuíram para a ampla base genética da população-base. Foi possível detectar diferença estatística entre as populações selvagens das procedências de Atherton e Coff's Harbour, assim como entre essas procedências e a de Rio Claro.

  5. PRODUTIVIDADE E SOBREVIVÊNCIA DE MINICEPAS DE Eucalyptus benthamii Maiden et Cambage EM SISTEMA DE HIDROPONIA E EM TUBETE

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Levi Souza Júnior

    2005-08-01

    Full Text Available Este trabalho objetivou avaliar a produtividade e sobrevivência de minicepas de Eucalyptus benthamii, de origem seminal, manejados em cultivo hidropônico e em tubetes. Com relação à sobrevivência não foi constatada diferença entre os sistemas de manejo estudados, enquanto que para a produtividade das minicepas, o cultivo hidropônico apresentou resultados superiores, com média de 8,1 miniestacas por minicepa por coleta em comparação a 4,1 do sistema de tubetes. Com base nesses resultados, conclui-se que o manejo das minicepas em tubete e em cultivo hidropônico é viável tecnicamente, sendo esse último uma alternativa mais promissora para produção de propágulos vegetativos da espécie.

  6. Revolution in airplane construction? Grob G110: The first modern fiber glass composition airplane shortly before its maiden flight

    Science.gov (United States)

    Dorpinghaus, R.

    1982-01-01

    A single engine two passenger airplane, constructed completely from fiber reinforced plastic materials is introduced. The cockpit, controls, wing profile, and landing gear are discussed. Development of the airframe is also presented.

  7. Paul Collier : Balancing beams

    CERN Multimedia

    2009-01-01

    As former head of AB Operations, Paul Collier and his group were in the ‘cockpit’ for the LHC’s maiden voyage - piloting the first beam around the ring. But now, as Head of the Beams Department, he will need his feet firmly on the ground in order to balance all the beam activities at CERN. "As Department Head, I’ll have less direct contact with the machines," Collier says with a hint of regret. "I’ll still obviously be very involved, but they won’t actually let me loose in front of the keyboard anymore!" As the new Head of the BE Department, Collier will be in charge of nearly 400 people, and will oversee all the beam activities, including the preparations for the longest period of beam operation in the history of CERN. In the new organization, the BE, TE and EN Departments have been grouped together in the Accelerator and Technology Sector. "‘Partnership’ is a key word for the three departments," says Collier. "The n...

  8. An R-matrix study of electron induced processes in BF3 plasma

    Science.gov (United States)

    Gupta, Dhanoj; Chakrabarti, Kalyan; Yoon, Jung-Sik; Song, Mi-Young

    2017-12-01

    An R-matrix formalism is used to study electron collision with the BF3 molecule using Quantemol-N, a computational system for electron molecule collisions which uses the molecular R-matrix method. Several target models are tested for BF3 in its equilibrium geometry, and the results are presented for the best model. Scattering calculations are then performed to yield resonance parameters, elastic, differential, excitation, and momentum transfer cross sections. The results for all the cross sections are compared with the experimental and theoretical data, and a good agreement is obtained. The resonances have been detected at 3.79 and 13.58 eV, with the ionization threshold being 15.7 eV. We have also estimated the absolute dissociative electron attachment (DEA) cross section for the F- ion production from BF3, which is a maiden attempt. The peak of the DEA is at around 13.5 eV, which is well supported by the resonance detected at 13.58 eV. The cross sections reported here find a variety of applications in the plasma technology.

  9. Genetic characterization of natural populations of pineapple guava (Acca sellowiana, with heterologous microsatellites markers

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Karine Louise dos Santos

    2011-12-01

    Full Text Available Pineapple guava (Acca sellowiana is a native species from south Brazil and northeast Uruguay, and due to the unique flavor of its fruits, it is an income-generating alternative to small farmers. Knowledge on genetic diversity is an important tool for genetic improvement and conservation. Aiming to increase the knowledge with regarde to the species genetic diversity, fi ve natural populations of A. sellowiana were analyzed through microsatellites markers developed from Eucalyptus grandis W. Hill ex Maiden x E. urophylla S.T. Blake complex. Using 10 pairs of selected markers, 122 plants were characterized. The mean values for expected and observed heterozigosity were 0.42 and 0.47, respectively. The fˆ estimates did not differ from zero to four out of the five populations evaluated, suggesting a small inbreeding effect. In addition, private alleles and high genetic divergence was observed. the average genetic divergence among the populations was st Fˆ = 0,13 e st Rˆ = 0,14, mostly due to the incidenceof rare or exclusive alleles among some populations.

  10. By Hook or by MOOC: Lessons Learned and the Road Ahead

    Science.gov (United States)

    Korsunsky, Boris; Li, Clara

    2017-03-01

    As online education has exploded in the past decade, the number of physics and physics-related massive open online courses (or MOOCs, to use the industry lingo) has grown substantially as well. Several such courses aim at high school students, especially those involved in the AP Physics program. One of us (BK) was involved in creating two such courses, both of which use the edX platform: MechCx, a full AP Physics course, as part of the group led by David Pritchard at MIT and a smaller-scale MechC101x, where BK was the sole author and developer. CL, a senior at Weston High School in 2016-17, took MechC101x during its first run in the summer of 2015 before taking BK's AP Physics C class in 2015-16. The purpose of this article is to present the data obtained from the maiden run of MechC101x, analyze the advantages and disadvantages of MOOCs compared to face-to-face courses, and to lay out some principles for the effective use of MOOCs in physics education.

  11. Par Pond vegetation status Summer 1995 -- October survey descriptive summary

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Mackey, H.E. Jr.; Riley, R.S.

    1995-11-01

    The water level of Par Pond was lowered approximately 20 feet in mid-1991 in order to protect downstream residents from possible dam failure suggested by subsidence on the downstream slope of the dam and to repair the dam. This lowering exposed both emergent and nonemergent macrophyte beds to drying conditions resulting in extensive losses. A survey of the emergent shoreline aquatic plant communities began in June 1995, three months after the refilling of Par Pond to approximately 200 feet above mean sea level and continued with this late October survey. Communities similar to the pre-drawdown Par Pond aquatic plant communities are becoming re-established; especially, beds of maiden cane, lotus, waterlily, and watershield are now extensive and well established. Cattail occurrence continues to increase, but large beds common to Par Pond prior to the drawdown have not formed. Future surveys throughout 1996 and 1997, along with the continued evaluation of satellite data to map the areal extent of the macrophyte beds of Par Pond, are planned

  12. When the uncertainty principle goes up to 11 or how to explain quantum physics with heavy metal

    CERN Document Server

    Moriarty, Philip

    2018-01-01

    There are deep and fascinating links between heavy metal and quantum physics. No, there are. Really. While teaching at the University of Nottingham, physicist Philip Moriarty noticed something odd--a surprising number of his students were heavily into metal music. Colleagues, too: a Venn diagram of physicists and metal fans would show a shocking amount of overlap. What's more, it turns out that heavy metal music is uniquely well-suited to explaining quantum principles. In When the Uncertainty Principle Goes Up to Eleven, Moriarty explains the mysteries of the universe's inner workings via drum beats and feedback: You'll discover how the Heisenberg uncertainty principle comes into play with every chugging guitar riff, what wave interference has to do with Iron Maiden, and why metalheads in mosh pits behave just like molecules in a gas. If you're a metal fan trying to grasp the complexities of quantum physics, a quantum physicist baffled by heavy metal, or just someone who'd like to know how the fundamental sci...

  13. Software and Human-Machine Interface Development for Environmental Controls Subsystem Support

    Science.gov (United States)

    Dobson, Matthew

    2018-01-01

    The Space Launch System (SLS) is the next premier launch vehicle for NASA. It is the next stage of manned space exploration from American soil, and will be the platform in which we push further beyond Earth orbit. In preparation of the SLS maiden voyage on Exploration Mission 1 (EM-1), the existing ground support architecture at Kennedy Space Center required significant overhaul and updating. A comprehensive upgrade of controls systems was necessary, including programmable logic controller software, as well as Launch Control Center (LCC) firing room and local launch pad displays for technician use. Environmental control acts as an integral component in these systems, being the foremost system for conditioning the pad and extremely sensitive launch vehicle until T-0. The Environmental Controls Subsystem (ECS) required testing and modification to meet the requirements of the designed system, as well as the human factors requirements of NASA software for Validation and Verification (V&V). This term saw significant strides in the progress and functionality of the human-machine interfaces used at the launch pad, and improved integration with the controller code.

  14. Tether dynamics and control results for tethered satellite system's initial flight

    Science.gov (United States)

    Chapel, Jim D.; Flanders, Howard

    The recent Tethered Satellite System-1 (TSS-1) mission has provided a wealth of data concerning the dynamics of tethered systems in space and has demonstrated the effectiveness of operational techniques designed to control these dynamics. In this paper, we review control techniques developed for managing tether dynamics, and discuss the results of using these techniques for the Tethered Satellite System's maiden flight on STS-46. In particular, the flight results of controlling libration dynamics, string dynamics, and slack tether are presented. These results show that tether dynamics can be safely managed. The overall stability of the system was found to be surprisingly good even at relatively short tether lengths. In fact, the system operated in passive mode at a tether length of 256 meters for over 9 hours. Only monitoring of the system was required during this time. Although flight anomalies prevented the planned deployment to 20 km, the extended operations at shorter tether lengths have proven the viability of using tethers in space. These results should prove invaluable in preparing for future missions with tethered objects in space.

  15. Orion Exploration Flight Test 1 (EFT-1) Best Estimated Trajectory Development

    Science.gov (United States)

    Holt, Greg N.; Brown, Aaron

    2016-01-01

    The Orion Exploration Flight Test 1 (EFT-1) mission successfully flew on Dec 5, 2014 atop a Delta IV Heavy launch vehicle. The goal of Orions maiden flight was to stress the system by placing an uncrewed vehicle on a high-energy trajectory replicating conditions similar to those that would be experienced when returning from an asteroid or a lunar mission. The Orion navigation team combined all trajectory data from the mission into a Best Estimated Trajectory (BET) product. There were significant challenges in data reconstruction and many lessons were learned for future missions. The team used an estimation filter incorporating radar tracking, onboard sensors (Global Positioning System and Inertial Measurement Unit), and day-of-flight weather balloons to evaluate the true trajectory flown by Orion. Data was published for the entire Orion EFT-1 flight, plus objects jettisoned during entry such as the Forward Bay Cover. The BET customers include approximately 20 disciplines within Orion who will use the information for evaluating vehicle performance and influencing future design decisions.

  16. HUD Guidance for the ASKA Experimental STOL Aircraft using Radar Position Information

    Science.gov (United States)

    Yazawa, Kenji; Terui, Yushi; Hardy, Gordon H.

    1992-01-01

    The paper describes a high performance HUD guidance system installed on the experimental powered-lift STOL aircraft Aska. Since the maiden flight in October 1985, the HUD system has been used in all the flight tests. The HUD has an accurate flight path symbol generated by inertial velocity from the IRS which is updated by up-linked precision radar position data. The flight path symbol is very useful for precise approach and flare control for Aska which has large ground effects. A synthetic runway is also presented, which is conformal with the real runway, using the position data from the ground tracking radar system. Under instrument meteorological conditions, the pilot can approach and land using the HUD synthetic runway as well as in visual meteorological conditions. The HUD system proved to be a valuable aid to the pilot for all the Aska flight tests. A NASA Ames Research Center test pilot demonstrated touch down accuracy of less than 8 meters (peak to peak) for a series of three landings.

  17. Immediate Supervisors’ Leadership Behaviour and Employees’ Organizational Commitment: Do Pay and Promotion Mediate the Nexus?

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Emmanuel Yaw Ampofo

    2016-09-01

    Full Text Available This study examines the mediating effect of motivational factors of pay and promotion on transformational leadership and organizational commitment relationship in Unilever Ghana using a quantitative, non-experimental, cross-sectional and analytical survey design study. The results of the study revealed significant positive relationship between transformational leadership style and affective commitment, continuance commitment, and normative commitment. However, the results of the study revealed no significant mediation of pay in the relationship between transformational leadership style and affective commitment, continuance commitment, and normative commitment. Additionally, no significant mediation of promotion was found in the relationship between transformational leadership and affective commitment, transformational leadership and continuance commitment, and transformational leadership and normative commitment. Managers’ adoption of transformational leadership behavior as a key strategy to get employees committed to the organizations will be of great significance because motivational factors such as pay and promotion do not mediate the transformational leadership and organizational commitment relationship. This is a maiden empirical research in Ghana where motivational factors are used as mediators in transformational leadership and organizational commitment relationship.

  18. Influência de idade e da posição radial nas dimensões das fibras e dos vasos da madeira de Eucalyptus grandis Hill ex. Maiden Influence of age and radial position on fiber and vessel dimensions of Eucalyptus grandis Hill ex. Maiden wood

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    José de Castro Silva

    2007-12-01

    Full Text Available Objetivou-se neste trabalho avaliar a variação das dimensões das fibras e dos vasos da madeira de Eucalyptus grandis com quatro diferentes idades (10, 14, 20 e 25 anos, proveniente de talhões comerciais. A amostragem do material na árvore foi feita através da coleta de três discos, retirados da base e das extremidades das duas primeiras toras, ambas com o comprimento comercial de 3 m. De cada disco, retiraram-se cinco amostras, de dimensões 1,0 x 1,0 x 1,0 cm, tomadas de pontos eqüidistantes, correspondentes a 0; 25; 50; 75; e 100% da seção, no sentido radial medula-casca, fazendo-se a medição das fibras e dos vasos. Verificou-se, em todos os parâmetros, o efeito da idade e da variação radial, no sentido medula-casca, à exceção da largura e do diâmetro do lume das fibras; todos os demais parâmetros apresentaram correlação positiva.The objective of this work was to evaluate the variability of wood quantitative anatomical characteristics (fibers and vessels of Eucalyptus grandis of four different ages (10, 14, 20 and 25 years, obtained from commercial stands. Tree material sampling was collected from three disks in the bottom and top of the first two logs, both three m long. Five samples were collected from each disc at the pith-to-bark direction at 0, 25, 50, 75 and 100% of the radii. In all cases, age and pith-to-bark direction were observed to have a marked influence on all the assays, except for fiber lumen diameter and width; all the other parameters showed a positive correlation.

  19. Riqueza de formigas (Hymenoptera, Formicidae epigéicas em povoamentos de Eucalyptus spp. (Myrtaceae de diferentes idades no Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil Richness of epigaeic ants (Hymenoptera, Formicidae in Eucalyptus spp. plantations with different ages in Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Ricardo Carvalho Fonseca

    2004-03-01

    Full Text Available Este estudo descreve as comunidades de formigas de solo em povoamentos de eucalipto implantados em ecossistema de restinga no Rio Grande do Sul. As coletas de formigas foram feitas em seis povoamentos de Eucalyptus grandis Hill ex Maiden e de Eucalyptus saligna Smith com idades de 31, 19, sete e cinco anos. Para as coletas de formigas, foram selecionados ao acaso 24 talhões, quatro por povoamento. Em cada talhão, foram traçados três transectos com 100 m de comprimento, afastados entre si 12 m. Ao longo dos transectos, foram enterradas 30 armadilhas, tipo pitfall, com iscas de sardinha, afastadas entre si 10 m e mantidas por 24 horas. Foi coletado um total de 21.033 formigas pertencentes a cinco subfamílias, 12 tribos, 19 gêneros e 49 espécies. De acordo com o estimador de riqueza jackknife de primeira ordem, não houve diferenças significativas entre as riquezas das comunidades de formigas considerando as espécies de eucalipto (U = 81,500; g.l.=1; P=0,582 e as idades dos povoamentos (U=2,504; g.l.=3; P=0,547. Os resultados indicam que a riqueza de espécies de formigas não está relacionada à espécie de eucalipto e/ou à idade do povoamento implantado na restinga.The present study describes the epigaeic ant communities in eucalyptus plantations in sandbank in Rio Grande do Sul State. Ant collections were performed in six plantations of Eucalyptus grandis Hill ex Maiden and Eucalyptus saligna Smith with ages varying between five to 31 years old. A total of 24 areas (four/area were randomly selected for ant collections. In each one, three transects of 100 m were designed at intervals of 12 m. Along each transect, ten pitfall traps with sardine baits were placed, at intervals of 10 m for a 24-hour-period. A total of 21,033 ants were collected, belonging to five subfamilies, 12 tribes, 19 genera and 49 species. According to the jackknife estimator of first order, there was no significant difference between the ant communities richness

  20. ESPECTRORRADIOMETRIA NA REGIÃO DO VISÍVEL E DO INFRAVERMELHO PRÓXIMO EM POVOAMENTO DE Eucalyptus grandis Hill ex Maiden

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Catize Brandelero

    2012-01-01

    Full Text Available Reflectance readings in border and inner tree leaves in a Eucalyptus grandis stand, in São Pedro das Missões, Rio Grande do Sul state, were analyzed in the regions of the visible electromagnetic spectrum and the nearby infrared, by using spectrum radiometry. The area was divided in two parts: border and center stands. In order to collect the material, the crown was divided in three parts (superior, medium and inferior, so that it would be possible to differentiate the positions of leaf collections in each area. Three trees were sampled in each area, adding up to six trees, for each tree, 60 isolated leaves were collected, 20 in each position. The reflectance readings were carried out through FieldSpec®3 spectrum radiometer and the final results were segmented in the visible and nearby infrared spectral bands. The statistical analysis was made on the basis of several tests, among them Tukey HSD test, in order to compare the averages of the visible region, which, according to ANOVA, present significant differences. It is concluded that the collecting indicating class of leaves for the spectrum radiometric analysis in the visible region are preferably the 5 one (tree in the center, reading in the medium part and #3 one (border tree, reading superior part.

  1. Ploidy Variation in Hybrids from Interploid 3x X 2x Crosses in Musa

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Osuji, JO.

    1997-01-01

    Full Text Available Hybrids were obtained after in vitro germination of embryos from interploid crosses between triploid 'French' plantain cultivars (Musa spp. AAB group 'Ntanga 2' and 'Bobby Tannap' with diploid banana (Ivlusa acuminata subsp. burmannicoidesj 'Calcutta 4'. Cross-pollinated bunches were harvested at full maturity and ripened with acetylene in a room for 4 days. Seeds were extracted from peeled ripe fruits by squashing. Embryos from the seeds were excised aseptically after 2 days and germinated in vitro. Seedlings were subsequently planted in early evaluation trials after acclimatising in the greenhouse. Chromosome counts were carried out on root tips of mature and maiden suckers to determine ploidy levels using a modified squashing technique. Counts showed that two of the hybrids were aneuploids (trisomies with somatic chromosome number of 2n = 2x + 1 = 23, one hybrid was diploid while the other two were tetraploids. Tetraploids are the most promising hybrids for the genetic improvement of plantains. Diploids are valuable material for further improvement of the plantain genome at this ploidy level. Trisomies provide means for further characterisation of the Musa genome and physical gene mapping in plantain and banana.

  2. Eucalypt NADP-Dependent Isocitrate Dehydrogenase1

    Science.gov (United States)

    Boiffin, Vincent; Hodges, Michael; Gálvez, Susana; Balestrini, Raffaella; Bonfante, Paola; Gadal, Pierre; Martin, Francis

    1998-01-01

    NADP-dependent isocitrate dehydrogenase (NADP-ICDH) activity is increased in roots of Eucalyptus globulus subsp. bicostata ex Maiden Kirkp. during colonization by the ectomycorrhizal fungus Pisolithus tinctorius Coker and Couch. To investigate the regulation of the enzyme expression, a cDNA (EgIcdh) encoding the NADP-ICDH was isolated from a cDNA library of E. globulus-P. tinctorius ectomycorrhizae. The putative polypeptide sequence of EgIcdh showed a high amino acid similarity with plant NADP-ICDHs. Because the deduced EgICDH protein lacks an amino-terminal targeting sequence and shows highest similarity to plant cytosolic ICDHs, it probably represents a cytoplasmic isoform. RNA analysis showed that the steady-state level of EgIcdh transcripts was enhanced nearly 2-fold in ectomycorrhizal roots compared with nonmycorrhizal roots. Increased accumulation of NADP-ICDH transcripts occurred as early as 2 d after contact and likely led to the observed increased enzyme activity. Indirect immunofluorescence microscopy indicated that NADP-ICDH was preferentially accumulated in the epidermis and stele parenchyma of nonmycorrhizal and ectomycorrhizal lateral roots. The putative role of cytosolic NADP-ICDH in ectomycorrhizae is discussed. PMID:9662536

  3. Total cross section for chloroflouromethanes and CClx radicals by electron impact

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Gupta, Dhanoj; Antony, Bobby

    2013-01-01

    Highlights: ► A model to find total CS for freons and CCl x by e − impact is employed. ► Complex optical potential formalism is used to find total inelastic and elastic CS. ► Result shows very good agreement with previous data wherever available. ► Maiden attempt to find cross section for the CCl x radicals. -- Abstract: We report here the total cross section for chloroflouromethanes namely CCl 3 F (Freon 11), CCl 2 F 2 (Freon 12), CClF 3 (Freon 13), CCl 4 and CCl x (x = 1–3), radicals by electron impact 50 to 5000 eV. The total inelastic and elastic cross sections are obtained employing a complex optical potential formalism and solving the Schrödinger equation through partial wave analysis. The total cross section is obtained as the sum of total inelastic and elastic cross sections. The results obtained are compared with the existing experimental and theoretical data, wherever available. The present result shows reasonable agreement with previous data. For the CCl x radicals, we have predicted the total cross sections for the first time. The data reported here has immense interest to atmospheric and technological plasma modelling

  4. Cross section data for ionization of important cyanides

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Kaur, Jaspreet; Antony, Bobby

    2015-01-01

    Highlights: • Multi centre spherical complex optical potential formalism used to find the CS. • Effective method (CSP-ic) to derive ionization contribution from inelastic CS. • Result shows excellent accord with previous results and consistent behaviour. • Maiden attempt to find CS for many cyanide molecules. • Strong correlation observed between peak of ionization with target properties. - Abstract: This article presents cross section calculations for interactions of important cyanides with electrons possessing energies beginning from ionization threshold of the target molecule to 5 keV. These data are pursued to meet the ever increasing demand for cross sections by the relevant atomic and molecular community for modelling astrophysical, atmospheric and technological domains. The calculations have been executed using an amalgam of multi centre spherical complex optical potential (MSCOP) formalism and complex scattering potential-ionization contribution (CSP-ic) method. Cross sections are compared with experimental and theoretical data wherever available. Strong correlations are observed for the cross sections which affirms consistent and reliable cross sections. Isomeric effect has been interpreted using variation of cross section with structure and target properties. Our cross sections will be tabulated in atomic collision database for use in modelling various statistical and dynamical quantities.

  5. Optimization of Pheromone Traps for Coryphodema tristis (Lepidoptera: Cossidae).

    Science.gov (United States)

    Bouwer, Marc Clement; Slippers, Bernard; Wingfield, Michael John; Allison, Jeremy Dean; Rohwer, Egmont Richard

    2017-08-01

    The Coryphodema tristis (Drury) is an important pest of Eucalyptus nitens (Deane and Maiden) plantations in South Africa. The gregarious larvae of this pest cause damage by feeding on the tree sapwood, and adults emerge in spring each year. The aim of this study was to optimize pheromone traps for operational use in management programs. This was achieved by investigating different pheromone blend combinations and trap types for efficacy under field conditions. Our results confirm that the cross vane bucket funnel trap baited with a 95:2.5:2.5 volumetric blend of Z9-14:OAc, Z9-14:OH, and 14Ac was superior to similarly baited standard bucket funnel and delta traps. We also estimated the release rate and ratios of the pheromone compounds loaded into an artificial permeation dispenser through solid-phase microextraction sampling. Results showed that the released blend of pheromone compounds mirrored the dispensed ratios relatively accurately and that release rates are affected by temperature. © The Authors 2017. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of Entomological Society of America. All rights reserved. For Permissions, please email: journals.permissions@oup.com.

  6. Design and Development of NEA Scout Solar Sail Deployer Mechanism

    Science.gov (United States)

    Sobey, Alexander R.; Lockett, Tiffany Russell

    2016-01-01

    The 6U (approx.10 cm x 20 cm x 30 cm) cubesat Near Earth Asteroid (NEA) Scout1, projected for launch in September 2018 aboard the maiden voyage of the Space Launch System, will utilize a solar sail as its main method of propulsion throughout its approx.3-year mission to a Near Earth Asteroid. Due to the extreme volume constraints levied onto the mission, an acutely compact solar sail deployment mechanism has been designed to meet the volume and mass constraints, as well as provide enough propulsive solar sail area and quality in order to achieve mission success. The design of such a compact system required the development of approximately half a dozen prototypes in order to identify unforeseen problems, advance solutions, and build confidence in the final design product. This paper focuses on the obstacles of developing a solar sail deployment mechanism for such an application and the lessons learned from a thorough development process. The lessons presented will have significant applications beyond the NEA Scout mission, such as the development of other deployable boom mechanisms and uses for gossamer-thin films in space.

  7. Near Earth Asteroid Solar Sail Engineering Development Unit Test Program

    Science.gov (United States)

    Lockett, Tiffany Russell; Few, Alexander; Wilson, Richard

    2017-01-01

    The Near Earth Asteroid (NEA) Scout project is a 30x20x10cm (6U) cubesat reconnaissance mission to investigate a near Earth asteroid utilizing an 86m2 solar sail as the primary propulsion system. This will be the largest solar sail NASA will launch to date. NEA Scout is a secondary payload currently manifested on the maiden voyage of the Space Launch System in 2018. In development of the solar sail subsystem, design challenges were identified and investigated for packaging within a 6U form factor and deployment in cis-lunar space. Analysis furthered understanding of thermal, stress, and dynamics of the stowed system and matured an integrated sail membrane model for deployed flight dynamics. This paper will address design, fabrication, and lessons learned from the NEA Scout solar sail subsystem engineering development unit. From optical properties of the sail material to folding and spooling the single 86m2 sail, the team has developed a robust deployment system for the solar sail. This paper will also address expected and received test results from ascent vent, random vibration, and deployment tests.

  8. Cross section data for ionization of important cyanides

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Kaur, Jaspreet; Antony, Bobby, E-mail: bka.ism@gmail.com

    2015-11-15

    Highlights: • Multi centre spherical complex optical potential formalism used to find the CS. • Effective method (CSP-ic) to derive ionization contribution from inelastic CS. • Result shows excellent accord with previous results and consistent behaviour. • Maiden attempt to find CS for many cyanide molecules. • Strong correlation observed between peak of ionization with target properties. - Abstract: This article presents cross section calculations for interactions of important cyanides with electrons possessing energies beginning from ionization threshold of the target molecule to 5 keV. These data are pursued to meet the ever increasing demand for cross sections by the relevant atomic and molecular community for modelling astrophysical, atmospheric and technological domains. The calculations have been executed using an amalgam of multi centre spherical complex optical potential (MSCOP) formalism and complex scattering potential-ionization contribution (CSP-ic) method. Cross sections are compared with experimental and theoretical data wherever available. Strong correlations are observed for the cross sections which affirms consistent and reliable cross sections. Isomeric effect has been interpreted using variation of cross section with structure and target properties. Our cross sections will be tabulated in atomic collision database for use in modelling various statistical and dynamical quantities.

  9. Bodies that differ: mid- and upper-class women and the quest for "Greekness" in female bodily culture (1896-1940).

    Science.gov (United States)

    Fournaraki, Eleni

    2010-01-01

    This article discusses different expressions of mid- and upper-class Greek women's use of classical antiquity in relation to female bodily culture. It focuses on two cases, connected with successive phases of the collective women's action in Greece. The first case concerns principally the conjuncture of the Athens Olympic Games of 1896. The games offered the opportunity to the Ladies' Journal, the weekly that gave expression to the first feminist group in Greece and its leading figure, C. Parren, to put forward a discourse which, by constructing a specific image of the ancient Heraia games for 'maidens', 'invents' a specific athletic-competitive 'tradition' on behalf of Greek women of their social class. The second case rejoins the same circle of women principally in the interwar years as leading figures of the Lyceum of Greek Women, the organization which distinguished itself by juxtaposing to the newly formed militant feminist organizations its 'hellenic-worthy' activity, by organizing monumental festivals in the Panathenaic Stadium, which, through displays of 'national' dances - folk and 'ancient' dances - and other ritual events, performed the 'tradition' of the nation from prehistory until today.

  10. Effect of steam thermal treatment on the drying process of Eucalyptus dunnii variables

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Elias Taylor Durgante Severo

    2013-12-01

    Full Text Available The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of steam treatment prior to drying on the initial moisture content, moisture gradient, and drying rate in Eucalyptus dunnii Maiden wood. Boards were steamed at 100ºC for 3 h after 1 h of heating-up. Part of these boards was dried in a drying electric oven at 50ºC, and part was dried at kiln. The results showed that the steaming prior to drying of wood: (1 significantly reduced by 9.2% the initial moisture content; (2 significantly increased by 6.2% the drying rate; (3 significantly decreased by 15.6 and 14.8% the moisture gradient between the outer layer and the center of boards and between the outer and intermediate layers of boards, respectively. Steamed boards when dried in an oven showed drying rate of 0.007065 whereas in kiln were 0.008200 and 0.034300 from green to 17 and 17 to 12% moisture content, respectively. It was demonstrated that the steaming prior to drying can be suitable for reduces the drying times of this kind of wood.

  11. Restoring Historicity and Multiplicity to Sino-Japanese Relations

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Catherine L. Phipps

    2015-03-01

    Full Text Available Marius Jansen, a pioneer in English-language studies on Sino-Japanese relations, stated in 1992 that, “despite the importance of the subject for Chinese and Japanese history, writings in Western languages on the relations between Japan and China are surprisingly few” (Jansen 2000, 123. Since that time, however, this body of work has grown to include publications aimed at understanding wartime diplomacy (Howland 2008; Paine 2003; the framework of imperialism that governed relations among China, Japan, and the Western powers (Cassel 2012; national discourse on military activities (Middleton 2007; and moments of mutual cooperation (Harrell 2012. Especially prominent among such research endeavors have been the abundant contributions by Joshua Fogel on topics ranging from historiography and travel to art and exchange. Fogel and Eric Han have now offered two more fine contributions to this expanding literature. Han’s ambitious Rise of a Japanese Chinatown aims to reveal the complexities of national identity formation within the local Yokohama Chinese community in Japan. By contrast, Fogel’s Maiden Voyage, a meticulous re-creation of the Senzaimaru’s officially sanctioned journey to Shanghai in 1862, details the ship's Japanese members’ encounters with the city and its people....

  12. Divine Love: The Reception of Leda and the Swan Myth in Works by Jewish and Arab Israeli Artists - Contexts and Meanings

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Nava Sevilla Sadeh

    2014-09-01

    Full Text Available The motif of the abduction of a woman is one of the most frequent in Ancient Greek and Roman art. Abductions in mythology are generally portrayed as carried out by a god disguised as a human or an animal, such as Zeus who, in the form of a bull, golden rain or a swan, seduces a beautiful young maiden. These myths have been interpreted from different viewpoints, such as gender, social, political and philosophical. One of the most frequent myths of abduction is that of Leda and the Swan, which appears in both Greek and Roman painting and sculpture. This theme has found many echoes in contemporary Israeli art, and constitutes the case study for this discussion, which belongs to the field of Classical Reception studies. The interpretations of this myth are diverse, ranging from a socio-gender context, to post-colonialism and its relevance to the local situation; to subversives, concerning tradition versus contemporary culture; to emotionality and romantic suffering; and to love as phantasmagoria. These varied interpretations will be examined in the following analysis in light of both ancient concepts and contemporary outlooks, based on literary and philosophical sources.

  13. Switch-on of the ion emitters on experiment ASPOC/CLUSTER, recovered from the debris of the ARIANE-V maiden flight disaster

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Fehringer, M.; Ruedenauer, F.; Arends, H.

    1996-11-01

    Within the project ASPOC, Seibersdorf has developed the ion emitter modules for potential control of the four CLUSTER - satellites. During start of the CLUSTER - mission, the ARIANE - V carrier had to be destroyed at an altitude of 3.8 km, due to a misprogramming of the inertial platform. From the debris of the disaster, three of the four ASPOC - experiments were recovered. Approximately 2 months after the disaster, the ion emitter modules were shipped to Seibersdorf for an investigation of the influence of the extreme stresses on the emitter structures. In spite of the mechanical stresses due to the explosion and the 4 km drop, and in spite of the fact that the emitters were exposed to the damp subtropical environment for about 2 months, all recovered emitters refired in the laboratory at the first attempt. Operating conditions after refiring corresponded closely to the parameters obtained during preflight - testing. (author)

  14. Antimicrobial synergism and cytotoxic properties of Citrus limon L., Piper nigrum L. and Melaleuca alternifolia (Maiden and Betche) Cheel essential oils.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Nikolić, Miloš M; Jovanović, Katarina K; Marković, Tatjana Lj; Marković, Dejan Lj; Gligorijević, Nevenka N; Radulović, Siniša S; Kostić, Marina; Glamočlija, Jasmina M; Soković, Marina D

    2017-11-01

    The chemical composition, antimicrobial and synergistic effect, and cytotoxic activity of Citrus limon (lemon), Piper nigrum (green pepper) and Melaleuca alternifoila (tea tree) essential oils (EOs) were investigated. Chemical analyses of essential oils were tested by GC-FID and GC-MS spectroscopy. The antimicrobial activity assay was conducted using microdilution method against several oral bacteria and Candida spp. originating from the humans with oral disorders. The synergistic antimicrobial activity was evaluated using checkerboard method. The cytotoxicity evaluation of EOs was assessed using MTT test. Limonene (37.5%) and β-pinene (17.9%) were the major compounds in C. limon oil, β-pinene (34.4%), δ-3-carene (19.7%), limonene (18.7%) and α-pinene (10.4%) in P. nigrum oil and terpinen-4-ol (38.6%) and γ-terpinene (21.7%) in M. alternifolia oil. The broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity was achieved by tested three EOs, with C. limon oil being the strongest against bacteria and M. alternifolia oil strongest against fungi. The EOs demonstrated synergism; their combined application revealed an increase in antimicrobial activity. All tested essential oils showed lower cytotoxic activity in comparison with the positive control, and the obtained results confirmed a dose-dependent activity. The results of this study encourage use of tested EOs in development of a novel agent intended for prevention or therapy of corresponding oral disorders. © 2017 Royal Pharmaceutical Society.

  15. Vesicular-arbuscular-/ecto-mycorrhiza succession in seedlings of. Eucalyptus spp. Sucessão de micorrizas vesicular-arbuscular e ectomicorrizas em mudas de Eucalyptus spp.

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Vera Lúcia dos Santos

    2001-06-01

    Full Text Available The occurrence of vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizae (AM and ectomycorrhizae (ECM in the same root system was observed when species of Eucalyptus urophylla S.T. Blake, E. citriodora Hook f., E. grandis W. Hill ex Maiden, E. cloeziana F. Muell. and E. camaldulensis Dehnh were simultaneously inoculated with Glomus etunicatum Becker & Gederman and Pisolithus tinctorius (Per. Cocker & Couch, isolate Pt 90A. The succession between the two fungi was observed. In general ectomycorrhizal colonization increased followed by a decrease in AM. Pisolithus tinctorius was favored in simultaneous inoculation with G. etunicatum, and the positive effect of the simultaneous inoculation of both fungi in the percent colonization by the AM fungus occurred up to 60 days after inoculation. After 120 days, colonization of roots by G. etunicatum decreased in the presence of P. tinctorius. When inoculated simultaneously, the proportion of AM and ECM varied with evaluation time, while the combined percentage of mycorrhizal roots approached the maximum and remained more or less constant after 60 days, suggesting that there could be competition between the fungi for limiting substrate. The maximum percent mycorrhizal colonization varied with Eucalyptus species and the highest value was observed for E. camaldulensis, followed in order by E. citriodora, E. urophylla, E. grandis and E. cloeziana.A ocorrência de micorrizas arbusculares (AM e ectomicorrizas (ECM no mesmo sistema radicular foi observada quando Eucalyptus urophylla S.T. Blake, E. citriodora Hook F., E. grandis W. Hill ex Maiden, E. cloeziana F. Muell e E. camaldulensis Dehnh foram inoculadas simultaneamente com Glomus etunicatum Becker & Gederman and Pisolithus tinctorius (Per. Cocker & Couch. A sucessão entre os dois fungos foi observada. De modo geral, o aumento da colonização ECM foi acompanhado de um decréscimo em AM. A inoculação simultânea resultou em percentagens de colonização diferenciadas das

  16. Influência da idade e da posição ao longo do tronco na composição química da madeira de Eucalyptus grandis Hill ex. Maiden Influence of age and position along the trunk on the chemical composition of Eucalyptus grandis Hill ex. Maiden wood

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    José de Castro Silva

    2005-06-01

    Full Text Available Este trabalho estudou a variação da composição química na madeira de Eucalyptus grandis de quatro diferentes idades (10, 14, 20 e 25 anos, proveniente de talhões comerciais. As amostras foram coletadas de tr��s discos, retirados da base e das extremidades das duas primeiras toras, de 3 m cada uma, de 16 árvores (quatro para cada idade, totalizando 48 discos. Os valores médios dos teores de holocelulose, lignina e extrativos foram de 69, 27 e 4%, respectivamente. Verificou-se que os teores de extrativos e lignina aumentaram com a idade, com maiores concentrações nos discos próximos da base; verificou-se, também, que o teor de holocelulose diminuiu com a idade, com maiores concentrações nos discos retirados nas regiões superiores do tronco.The objective of this work was to study the chemical composition variation of the Eucalyptus grandis wood, of four different ages (10,14,20 and 25 years, from commercial stands. The samples were removed from three disks taken from the base and top of the first two 3 m logs, from sixteen trees (four per age, totalizing fourty-eight discs. The mean values of holocellulose, lignin and extractive contents were 69, 27 and 4%, respectively. The extractive and lignin contents increased with age, with greater concentrations near the base; the holocellulose content also decreased with age with greater concentrations in discs removed from the upper parts of the trunk.

  17. Quercitol and osmotic adaptation of field-grown Eucalyptus under seasonal drought stress.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Arndt, Stefan K; Livesley, Stephen J; Merchant, Andrew; Bleby, Timothy M; Grierson, Pauline F

    2008-07-01

    This study investigated the role of quercitol in osmotic adjustment in field-grown Eucalyptus astringens Maiden subject to seasonal drought stress over the course of 1 year. The trees grew in a native woodland and a farm plantation in the semi-arid wheatbelt region of south Western Australia. Plantation trees allocated relatively more biomass to leaves than woodland trees, but they suffered greater drought stress over summer, as indicated by lower water potentials, CO(2)assimilation rates and stomatal conductances. In contrast, woodland trees had relatively fewer leaves and suffered less drought stress. Plantation trees under drought stress engaged in osmotic adjustment, but woodland trees did not. Quercitol made a significant contribution to osmotic adjustment in drought-stressed trees (25% of total solutes), and substantially more quercitol was measured in the leaves of plantation trees (5% dry matter) than in the leaves of woodland trees (2% dry matter). We found no evidence that quercitol was used as a carbon storage compound while starch reserves were depleted under drought stress. Differences in stomatal conductance, biomass allocation and quercitol production clearly indicate that E. astringens is both morphologically and physiologically 'plastic' in response to growth environment, and that osmotic adjustment is only one part of a complex strategy employed by this species to tolerate drought.

  18. Utilização de biofertilizantes à base de aminoácidos na produção de mudas de Eucalyptus dunnii

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Louíse Rickli de Souza

    2016-09-01

    Full Text Available A produção de mudas florestais em quantidade e qualidade é uma das fases mais importantes para o estabelecimento de povoamentos florestais mais uniformes e produtivos. A maior sobrevivência e desenvolvimento das plantas após o plantio é dependente, dentre outros fatores, de um bom estado nutricional das mudas. Este trabalho objetivou avaliar o potencial de utilização de dois biofertilizantes à base de aminoácidos como agentes promotores de crescimento inicial de mudas de Eucalyptus dunnii Maiden, denominados respectivamente como “BIO 1” e “BIO 2”. O experimento foi conduzido em viveiro comercial no município de Imbituva, PR. Foi utilizado delineamento inteiramente casualizado, com três tratamentos e 4 repetições, contendo 50 mudas por repetição. As variáveis avaliadas foram: altura da planta, diâmetro do coleto, peso de matéria fresca e seca da parte aérea e raízes, comprimento de raízes e índice de qualidade de Dickson. Houve respostas positivas pela aplicação dos biofertilizantes para todas as variáveis estudadas, destacando-se a aplicação do BIO 2.

  19. Collider physics. Final report, April 1, 1991 - March 31, 1996

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    1998-01-01

    For the past several years this group enjoyed both the exciting turn-on and maiden run (run 1A) of the D0 experiment at Fermilab, while also contributing to the design and detector development of the SDC experiment at the SSC. With D0 currently collecting data at an unprecedented rate at √s = 1.8 TeV (run 1B), and with a data set around one inverse femtobarn of data expected by the end of the century (run 2), the future looks great exclamation point Since this is the third of a three year funding period, this report will contain a summary of the highlights for the past three years in addition to a more detailed account of the past year's activities. Sections will include work related to D0, plus a summary of results from the SSC project. Also included, is a section that introduces the members of the group for the past three years and outlines their activities. These activities are then described in more detail in the body of the report. Group members have been involved in analysis of results for a Wino-Zino → tri-lepton search, and a second generation experiment to search for leptoquarks, in addition to other analysis projects

  20. Current status and prospects for Kepco's steaming coal demand and supply

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Kim, E.W.

    1991-01-01

    Under the series of Korean Government 5 year economic development plans since 1962, energy consumption in Korea has increased at a rapid pace and industrialization in Korea has been accelerated. As far as coal imports are concerned, coking coal was first imported to Korea in the early 1970s for the first steelworks. Little interest was shown in steaming coal until the early 1970s owing to the cheaper imported oil. People became interested in steaming coal after the first oil crisis in 1973 and import began in 1980 for cement and other industrial uses. In general, electricity demand is increasing far more rapidly than energy consumption. The initial construction of two 560 megawatt power plants using bituminous coal began in 1978 and was completed in 1982. The maiden cargo of bituminous coal for power generation arrived in Korea that year and coal import has been increasing at a rapid rate since then to keep pace with increased consumption. As there are no indigenous bituminous coal resources in Korea and we must depend entirely on overseas coal for our needs to fuel power plants, stable securing of coal is very important. This paper explains the current status and prospects for KEPCOs (Korean Electric Power Corporation) coal demand and supply

  1. The comparative analysis of the forecasts of development of rocket propulsion in past and now

    Science.gov (United States)

    Nedaivoda, A.; Prisniakov, V.

    2001-03-01

    Consideration is being given to use the known long and short forecasts of development of rocket engines in past - at the beginning of development of a missile engineering (K. Tsiolkovsky etc. pioneers of rocket propulsion); on the eve of launching of the artificial satellite of Earth (A. Blagonravov); after manned flight of Yu. Gagarin (V. Gluchko); after manned flight on Moon (" The Forecasts on 2001 " on materials of readings R. Goddard in USA); in middle of 70-s' years (D. Sevruk, V. Prisniakov) and at the end of 20 centure. Last years under the initiative R. Beichel and M. Pouliquen IAA. Advanced Propulsion Working Group carries out large researches on definition of the tendencies of development of rocket propulsion for the next forty years, the outcomes which one will be used in the report. The comparison of development of rocket propulsion expected to the end of 20 century and real-life is given. The report analyses the errors of the forecasts of the past - the absence reliable prognostic procedure; the euphoria of the maiden successes of conquest of space; dominance of military and political- propaganda motives of implementation of the space programs before economical; to keep developments secret; competition of two super-powers USSR and USA etc.

  2. Reforming the Welfare State: Camden 1965-73

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Mark Swenarton

    2014-08-01

    Full Text Available The housing projects built by the London Borough of Camden in the years 1965-73 belong arguably to the most substantial investigations into the architecture of social housing undertaken in the past half-century. Under borough architect Sydney Cook, Camden aimed to establish a new kind of housing architecture based, not on the Corbusian tabula rasa, but on a radical reinterpretation of traditional English urbanism.The outcome was a series of projects, including Fleet Road, Alexandra Road, Highgate New Town, Branch Hill and Maiden Lane, designed by members of Cook’s team, including Neave Brown, Peter Tábori and Gordon Benson and Alan Forsyth, as well as projects designed by up-and-coming private architects like Colquhoun & Miller, Edward Cullinan and Farrell Grimshaw.While it began in what Hobsbawm called the ‘golden age’ of postwar capitalism, the Cook years (1965-73 saw the onset of the crisis of the 1970s and with it the rise of the New Right and the Hard Left, both of which viewed the Camden housing projects as a legitimate target for attack. Based on archival research and interviews, the paper explores the ways in which the Cook projects both mediated and articulated the emergence of these fissures within the British welfare state.

  3. Validation of an Arab name algorithm in the determination of Arab ancestry for use in health research.

    Science.gov (United States)

    El-Sayed, Abdulrahman M; Lauderdale, Diane S; Galea, Sandro

    2010-12-01

    Data about Arab-Americans, a growing ethnic minority, are not routinely collected in vital statistics, registry, or administrative data in the USA. The difficulty in identifying Arab-Americans using publicly available data sources is a barrier to health research about this group. Here, we validate an empirically based probabilistic Arab name algorithm (ANA) for identifying Arab-Americans in health research. We used data from all Michigan birth certificates between 2000 and 2005. Fathers' surnames and mothers' maiden names were coded as Arab or non-Arab according to the ANA. We calculated sensitivity, specificity, and positive (PPV) and negative predictive values (NPV) of Arab ethnicity inferred using the ANA as compared to self-reported Arab ancestry. Statewide, the ANA had a specificity of 98.9%, a sensitivity of 50.3%, a PPV of 57.0%, and an NPV of 98.6%. Both the false-positive and false-negative rates were higher among men than among women. As the concentration of Arab-Americans in a study locality increased, the ANA false-positive rate increased and false-negative rate decreased. The ANA is highly specific but only moderately sensitive as a means of detecting Arab ancestry. Future research should compare health characteristics among Arab-American populations defined by Arab ancestry and those defined by the ANA.

  4. GPS tracking for mapping seabird mortality induced by light pollution.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Rodríguez, Airam; Rodríguez, Beneharo; Negro, Juan J

    2015-06-02

    Light pollution and its consequences on ecosystems are increasing worldwide. Knowledge on the threshold levels of light pollution at which significant ecological impacts emerge and the size of dark refuges to maintain natural nocturnal processes is crucial to mitigate its negative consequences. Seabird fledglings are attracted by artificial lights when they leave their nest at night, causing high mortality. We used GPS data-loggers to track the flights of Cory's shearwater Calonectris diomedea fledglings from nest-burrows to ground, and to evaluate the light pollution levels of overflown areas on Tenerife, Canary Islands, using nocturnal, high-resolution satellite imagery. Birds were grounded at locations closer than 16 km from colonies in their maiden flights, and 50% were rescued within a 3 km radius from the nest-site. Most birds left the nests in the first three hours after sunset. Rescue locations showed radiance values greater than colonies, and flight distance was positively related to light pollution levels. Breeding habitat alteration by light pollution was more severe for inland colonies. We provide scientific-based information to manage dark refuges facilitating that fledglings from inland colonies reach the sea successfully. We also offer methodological approaches useful for other critically threatened petrel species grounded by light pollution.

  5. “The Foresight to Become a Mermaid”: Folkloric Cyborg Women in Éilís Ní Dhuibhne’s Short Stories

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Rebecca Graham

    2017-10-01

    Full Text Available Éilís Ní Dhuibhne is both a folklorist and a feminist, who “took an interest in rewriting or re-inventing women’s history, a history which had been largely unwritten” (Ní Dhuibhne, “Negotiating” 73. Folklore stories and motifs abound in her writing. Elke D’hoker argues that Ní Dhuibhne reimagines and rewrites folktales to “reflect and interpret the social values and attitudes of a postmodern society” (D’hoker 137. The repurposing of folklore allows Ní Dhuibhne to interrogate some of the complex and controversial ways that Irish society has attempted to represent and control women, entrenching taboos about female behaviours and sexualities. Using Donna Haraway’s cyborg feminism and Karen Barad’s deployment of Haraway’s theory of diffraction, this article focuses on issues of voice and orality, and the female body in “The Mermaid Legend”, “Midwife to the Fairies”, and “Holiday in the Land of Murdered Dreams”, to argue that Ní Dhuibhne’s repurposing of folklore is a radically feminist undertaking. All three short stories, which feature female protagonists, reveal diverse, transgressive, sexual mothers and maidens whose symbolic connections with folklore allow them to challenge the restrictive constructions of women in Irish society, creating spaces to explore alternative, heterogeneous, feminist re-conceptions of identity and belonging.

  6. The effect of dietary protein on reproduction in the mare. III. Ovarian and uterine changes during the anovulatory, transitional and ovulatory periods in the non-pregnant mare

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    F.E. Van Niekerk

    1997-07-01

    Full Text Available In the main experiment the total daily protein intake and quality (essential amino-acids was varied in 4 groups of mares. The incidence of oestrus in mares during the transitional period was unaffected by protein nutrition. Ovarian activity, as evaluated by follicular development and size of the ovaries, was affected. Mares that received low-quality protein (Groups 1 and 2 had a higher number of smaller follicles (<10 mm that developed during the transitional period compared to mares on a high-quality protein intake (Groups 3 and 4. The mares that received the high quality protein ovulated 2-3 weeks earlier in the breeding season in a synchronised period of 4-5 weeks compared to a period of 6-8 weeks in Groups 1 and 2. The duration of the subsequent oestrous cycles was not affected. There was no difference in the diameter of the largest follicle of mares between groups on the day before ovulation. In a separate experiment, 5 maiden Anglo-Arab mares, 4-5 years of age, were slaughtered at different stages during the anovulatory, transitional and ovulatory periods of the breeding cycle. The morphology of the ovaries and uteri of these mares was described and photographed for use as guidelines when comparing ovarian changes and follicular activity of mares.

  7. Parâmetros quantitativos da anatomia da madeira de eucalípto que cresceu em diferentes locais

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    José Geraldo Lima de Oliveira

    2012-06-01

    Full Text Available Sabe-se da existência de influência do local de crescimento nas propriedades da madeira e que estas são influenciadas principalmente pela sua estrutura anatômica. Este trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar parâmetros quantitativos da estrutura anatômica da madeira de eucalipto de um clone de híbrido natural de Eucalyptus grandis W. Hill ex-Maiden, ocorrentes na localidade de Rio Claro-SP, com 64 meses de idade. As 138 árvores foram cultivadas nos os municípios de Aracruz, Domingos Martins, Alto Rio Novo e São Mateus - ES e Mutum e Aimorés - MG. Os parâmetros anatômicos mensurados foram o diâmetro e a frequência vascular, o comprimento, a largura, o diâmetro do lume e a espessura da parede das fibras e ainda a altura, largura e frequência de raios. De acordo com os resultados obtidos pode-se concluir que relativo aos vasos houve diferenças significativas entre as regiões. Quanto aos raios, também foram verificadas diferenças significativas relativas à altura, largura e frequência diversas regiões. As madeiras produzidas na região de Aracruz possuem fibras de comprimento e espessura de paredes muito inferiores às produzidas nas demais regiões estudadas.

  8. Mackay campus of environmental education and digital cultural construction: the application of 3D virtual reality

    Science.gov (United States)

    Chien, Shao-Chi; Chung, Yu-Wei; Lin, Yi-Hsuan; Huang, Jun-Yi; Chang, Jhih-Ting; He, Cai-Ying; Cheng, Yi-Wen

    2012-04-01

    This study uses 3D virtual reality technology to create the "Mackay campus of the environmental education and digital cultural 3D navigation system" for local historical sites in the Tamsui (Hoba) area, in hopes of providing tourism information and navigation through historical sites using a 3D navigation system. We used Auto CAD, Sketch Up, and SpaceEyes 3D software to construct the virtual reality scenes and create the school's historical sites, such as the House of Reverends, the House of Maidens, the Residence of Mackay, and the Education Hall. We used this technology to complete the environmental education and digital cultural Mackay campus . The platform we established can indeed achieve the desired function of providing tourism information and historical site navigation. The interactive multimedia style and the presentation of the information will allow users to obtain a direct information response. In addition to showing the external appearances of buildings, the navigation platform can also allow users to enter the buildings to view lifelike scenes and textual information related to the historical sites. The historical sites are designed according to their actual size, which gives users a more realistic feel. In terms of the navigation route, the navigation system does not force users along a fixed route, but instead allows users to freely control the route they would like to take to view the historical sites on the platform.

  9. Estimating chlorophyll content from Eucalyptus dunnii leaves by reflectance values

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    João Alexandre Lopes Dranski

    2016-06-01

    Full Text Available This study aimed to estimate photosynthetic pigments contents from leaves of Eucalyptus dunni Maiden based on values of reflectance spectra of red, green and blue colors obtained with a digital color analyzer. We collected fifty leaves from the lower third of the crown of twenty trees including young as well as mature leaves. From each leaf an area of 14 cm2 of the leaf blade was cut in which we measured reflectance values on the red, green and blue spectra with a portable digital colorimeter, obtained relative index of chlorophyll with a SPAD – 502 and determined the content of the chlorophyll a, b, and a + b by classic method of solvent extraction. We submitted the data to multiple linear regression and nonlinear analysis at 5% of error probability. It was evaluated the occurrence of multicollinearity. The negative exponential model resulted in good fit when data from red spectrum was used for chlorophyll a, green spectrum for chlorophyll b and a + b, making possible correlation coefficients between the estimated values and the extracted above 0.85. Except for the chlorophyll a content, the accuracy in estimates of photosynthetic pigments were higher than estimated by the chlorophyll meter, even with linearity between methods. Therefore, it is possible to estimate photosynthetic pigments on E. dunni leaves through values of red and green wavelengths from a digital color analyser.

  10. Validation of an Arab names algorithm in the determination of Arab ancestry for use in health research

    Science.gov (United States)

    El-Sayed, Abdulrahman M.; Lauderdale, Diane S.; Galea, Sandro

    2010-01-01

    Objective Data about Arab-Americans, a growing ethnic minority, is not routinely collected in vital statistics, registry, or administrative data in the US. The difficulty in identifying Arab-Americans using publicly available data sources is a barrier to health research about this group. Here, we validate an empirically-based, probabilistic Arab name algorithm (ANA) for identifying Arab-Americans in health research. Design We used data from all Michigan birth certificates between 2000-2005. Fathers’ surnames and mothers’ maiden names were coded as Arab or non-Arab according to the ANA. We calculated sensitivity, specificity, and positive (PPV) and negative predictive values (NPV) of Arab ethnicity inferred using the ANA as compared to self-reported Arab ancestry. Results State-wide, the ANA had a specificity of 98.9%, a sensitivity of 50.3%, a PPV of 57.0%, and a NPV of 98.6%. Both the false positive and false negative rates were higher among men than among women. As the concentration of Arab-Americans in a study locality increased, the ANA false positive rate increased and false-negative rate decreased. Conclusion The ANA is highly specific but only moderately sensitive as a means of detecting Arab ancestry. Future research should compare health characteristics among Arab-American populations defined by Arab ancestry and those defined by the ANA. PMID:20845117

  11. Sistemas Silvipastoris como Apoio ao Desenvolvimento Rural para a Região Sudoeste do Rio Grande do Sul Silvopastoral Systems as a Support for Rural Development in the Southwest Region of Rio Grande do Sul State, Brazil

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    Sônia Aparecida Guetten Ribaski

    2010-02-01

    Full Text Available

    Foi realizada a análise da viabilidade econômica de diferentes sistemas de produção de madeira de eucalipto (Eucalyptus grandis Hill ex. Maiden em duas propriedades rurais, no Município de Alegrete, RS. A análise econômica considerou a comparação entre um sistema tradicional de pecuária da região e dois sistemas alternativos de conversão da área de pecuária para plantios homogêneos de eucalipto em duas densidades com 2.222 e 1.111 árvores.ha-1 e dois sistemas silvipastoris: com 1.000 e 500 árvores.ha-1. A análise dos resultados foi realizada a partir da determinação da Taxa Interna de Retorno (TIR e da sua comparação com a Taxa Mínima de Atratividade (TMA. As alternativas com e sem o valor da terra foram avaliadas considerando uma variação do preço (aumento e diminuição de 5% e do volume da madeira (aumento e diminuição de 10%. Considerando o valor da terra, todas as alternativas analisadas apresentaram TIR inferior a TMA (3,72%. A análise de sensibilidade mostrou que, havendo aumento do preço e do volume de madeira, a maioria das alternativas com desbaste apresentou TIR superior a TMA, exceto a alternativa do sistema silvipastoril com 500 árvores.ha-1. Dessa forma, a implantação do componente florestal na propriedade rural, quando não se considerou o valor da terra, apresentou-se economicamente viável para o produtor rural.

     

    doi: 10.4336/2009.pfb.60.27

    An economic viability analysis was performed for different eucalypt wood production systems (Eucalyptus grandis Hill ex. Maiden in two rural properties located in Alegrete County, RS. The traditional pasture system was compared with two other alternative systems, one of them represented by a pasture land converted to homogeneous eucalypt plantation by using two plant densities (2,222 and 1,111 trees.ha-1 and the other represented by a silvopastoral system containing 1,000 and 500 trees.ha-1. The results were analyzed by determining the

  12. Experiences in the containerized tree seedlings forest nurseries production

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    Eduardo González-Izquierdo

    2014-12-01

    Full Text Available The work summarizes the results of the research carried out by the team of forest nurseries at Sustainable Forest Management Group in Pinar del Río University Forest Research Centre in the last 25 years. The characteristics of seedlings quality are presented, the best growing media, the water management to harden the forest species under the ecological conditions of more and more lingering periods of drought. The studied forest species were: Talipariti elatum (Sw. Fryxell, Pinus tropicalis Morelet , Swietenia mahagon(L.Jacq. Swietenia macrophylla King, Caesalpinia violacea (Mill. Stand, Genipa americana L, Gerascanthus gerascanthoides (Kunth Borhidi y Cedrela odorata L. y Eucalyptus grandis Hill ex Maiden. The main results can be summarized in the following way: the size of the containers oscillates between 90 and 300 cubic centimeters; the growing media combines organic and composted components fundamentally of Pinus caribaea and Eucalyptus ssp bark., with proportions that they vary according to the species and the disposability of these components in the nurseries where the plants take place; for the water management hardening procedures were used by watering in last month of the cultivation. In general the economic analyses demonstrated the decrease of the production costs for seedlings with the employment of this novel technology, the same as their advantages on the traditional technology of seedlings production in polybags: humanization of manpower work in forest nursery, reduction of costs production, improvement of produced seedling quality and productivity increase of their workers.

  13. Development of nuclear powered ship in Japan

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Sato, Hiroshi

    1976-01-01

    The development of nuclear merchant ship in Japan was started in 1955 by the establishment of Nuclear Ship Study Group, and since then, the investigation, test and research on nuclear ships have been continued. As a result, a nuclear ocean observation and supply ship was designed for trial. Researches were carried out also in JAERI and Institute for Technical Research of Ships. Meanwhile, the nuclear icebreaker Lenin was completed in Soviet Union in 1959, the nuclear ship Savannah set out for maiden voyage in U.S. in 1962, and the construction of the nuclear ore carrier Otto Hahn was prepared in FRG. Japan Nuclear Ship Development Corp. was established in 1963, and started the design and construction of the first nuclear ship in Japan, Mutsu. The basic policy in the construction is the improvement of nuclear ship technology, the securing of safety, and the use of domestic technologies as far as possible. The progress of the design, construction and test of the Mutsu is described. Owing to the problem of radiation leak, the development of nuclear ships stagnated for a while, but the nuclear plant of the Mutsu demonstrated the expected performance in the functional test, land criticality test and zero output test, and it is expected that the bud of the independent development brought up so far can bear valuable fruit. The independent development of marine nuclear reactors should be continued by selecting the way most suitable to Japan. (Kako, I.)

  14. Caracterização genética de populações naturais de goiabeira serrana (Acca sellowiana com marcadores microssatélites heterólogos

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    Karine Louise dos Santos

    2011-08-01

    Full Text Available http://dx.doi.org/10.5007/2175-7925.2011v24n4p75 A goiabeira serra Acca sellowiana é uma espécie nativa do sul do Brasil e nordestete do Uruguai e devido ao sabor único de seus frutos apresenta-se como alternativa de renda para pequenos agricultores. O conhecimento da diversidade genética se constitui em uma importante ferramenta para o melhoramento genético e conservação. Com intuito de ampliar o conhecimento a respeito da diversidade genética da espécie, foi caracterizada a diversidade genética de cinco populações naturais de A. sellowiana, com o uso de iniciadores microssatélites desenvolvidos para o complexo Eucalyptus grandis W. Hill ex Maiden x E. urophylla S.T. Blake. Com a utilização de 10 pares de iniciadores selecionados, 122 plantas foram caracterizadas. Os valores médios para heterozigosidade esperada e observada foram de 0,42 e 0,47, respectivamente. Os valores estimados para  não diferiram de zero para quatro das cinco populações avaliadas, sugerindo baixo efeito de endogamia. Adicionalmente, foi observada incidência de alelos raros e divergência genética, sugerindo que estratégias de conservação considerem a manutenção de diferentes populações com objetivo de conservar a espécie.

  15. Effects of GnRHa treatment during vitellogenesis on the reproductive physiology of thermally challenged female Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar

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    Kelli Anderson

    2017-10-01

    Full Text Available Tasmanian Atlantic salmon (S. salar broodstock can experience temperatures above 20 °C, which impairs reproductive development and inhibits ovulation. The present study investigated the prolonged use of gonadotropin releasing hormone analogue (GnRHa during vitellogenesis as a means of maintaining endocrine function and promoting egg quality at elevated temperature in maiden and repeat spawning S. salar. GnRHa-treatment during vitellogenesis did not compensate for the negative effects of thermal challenge on the timing of ovulation, egg size, egg fertility or embryo survival in any fish maintained at 22 °C relative to 14 °C. The lack of effectiveness was reflected by the endocrine data, as plasma follicle stimulating hormone and luteinising hormone levels were not different between treated and untreated groups at 22 °C. Furthermore, plasma testosterone and E2 levels were unchanged in GnRHa-treated fish at 22 °C, and plasma levels were generally lower in both groups maintained at 22 °C relative to 14 °C. Transcription of vitellogenin, and zona pellucida B and C was not enhanced in GnRHa-treated fish relative to untreated fish at 22 °C, presumably due to observed suppression of plasma E2. These results indicate that thermal impairment of reproduction is likely to occur on multiple levels, and is difficult to overcome via hormonal manipulation.

  16. Hydrothermal venting on the flanks of Heard and McDonald islands, southern Indian Ocean

    Science.gov (United States)

    Lupton, J. E.; Arculus, R. J.; Coffin, M.; Bradney, A.; Baumberger, T.; Wilkinson, C.

    2017-12-01

    Heard Island and the nearby McDonald Islands are two sites of active volcanism associated with the so-called Kerguelen mantle plume or hot spot. In fact, it has been proposed that the Kerguelen hot spot is currently located beneath Heard Island. During its maiden maximum endurance voyage (IN2016_V01), the recently commissioned Australian R/V Investigator conducted a detailed bathymetric and water column survey of the waters around Heard Island and the McDonald Islands as well as other sites on the Kerguelen Plateau. Some 50 hydrographic profiles were completed using the CTD/rosette system equipped with trace metal sampling and a nephelometer for suspended particle concentrations. In addition to the hydrographic profiles, 244 bubble plumes were detected in the vicinity of the Heard and McDonald Islands using the ship's multibeam system. It is thought that the bubble plumes observed on sea knolls and other seafloor surrounding the McDonald Islands are likely hydrothermal in origin, while plumes northeast of Heard Island may be biogenic methane from cold seeps. At 29 of the hydrographic stations water samples for helium isotope measurements were drawn from the CTD rosette and hermetically sealed into copper tubing for subsequent shorebased mass spectrometer and gas chromatograph analysis. In this paper we report results for 3He/4He ratios and CO2 and CH4 concentrations in water samples collected with the CTD/rosette, and discuss how these results are correlated with suspended particle concentrations and temperature anomalies.

  17. Die dialoog tussen die voorblad, die manneplot en die verhale in Dulle Griet van Riana Scheepers

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    G.H. Taljaard

    2001-08-01

    Full Text Available The dialogue between image and text in Riana Scheepers's Dulle Griet This article examines the way in which the content and theme of Riana Scheepers’s Dulle Griet (1991 interact with the “manneplot” (traditional and/or stereotypical portrayal of female characters within novels and with the cover illustration of the book – a detail of “Mad Meg” (as she is often referred to from Pieter Brueghel’s Dulle Griet (1562. It explores how the women in Scheepers’s short stories are portrayed – not only as vulnerable, but also as evil and corrupt. They are abused victims; but they are also tyrannical abusers. They are innocent maidens and mothers, but also lovers, prostitutes, lesbians and murderers. The way in which the gradual degeneration of the anonymous central female character relates to Brueghel’s image of “Mad Meg” on her way to the jaws of hell is discussed in this article. But the article also demontrates Scheepers’s concern with feminist issues by using the cover as an ironic “frame”, and shows that the moral decline of the women portrayed in the text seems to be as a result of the actions of chauvinistic men, who appear in different forms throughout the text. Female degeneracy can thus be seen as a survival mechanism, in a world – and a text – dominated by the masculine paradigm, the “manneplot” of traditional male attitudes to women.

  18. Aplicación de boro en eucalipto: comparación de fuentes Aplicação de boro em eucalipto: comparação de fontes

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Marcelo Gabriel Ferrando

    2012-12-01

    Full Text Available La deficiencia de boro (B en sistemas forestales ha sido reportada en diferentes especies de pino y eucalipto, verificándose importantes mejoras en la producción y/o calidad de madera, con el agregado de este nutriente. La baja retranslocación del B dentro de la planta hace necesario un aporte constante para satisfacer las demandas del cultivo. Al ser un nutriente muy poco retenido por el suelo está sujeto a pérdidas por lixiviación. El uso de fertilizantes solubles brinda una solución a corto plazo, muy dependiente de situaciones ambientales, mientras que las fuentes de liberación lenta permitirían un aporte más constante y por más tiempo. El objetivo de este trabajo fue evaluar la disponibilidad en el tiempo del B proveniente de diferentes fuentes, a través de cambios en las concentraciones foliares de Eucalyptus globulus (Labille y Eucalyptus grandis (Hill ex Maiden, en distintas situaciones de suelos y manejo. Se instalaron tres experimentos de campo de comparación de fuentes boratadas (borato de sodio vs ulexita, aplicadas en cobertura, a árboles con seis meses de transplantados, en distintos sitios experimentales de Uruguay. A los 6, 12 y 24 meses luego de la fertilización se evaluaron las concentraciones foliares de B. La ulexita mostró una alta solubilidad y baja residualidad, con similar eficiencia que el borato de sodio como aporte de B para los eucaliptos. La dosis de B aplicada (4 g de B por planta parecería ser suficiente para alcanzar niveles foliares que podrían considerarse de suficiencia, sin llegar a niveles de toxicidad.A deficiência de boro (B em sistemas de produção florestal tem sido relatada em várias espécies de pinheiros e eucaliptos, verificando-se melhorias significativas na produção e/ou qualidade da madeira, com a adição desse nutriente. A baixa translocação de B dentro da planta faz necessário um fornecimento constante para atender as demandas da cultura. Sendo um nutriente pouco retido

  19. Acúmulo de Nutrientes na Biomassa e na Serapilheira de Eucalyptus grandis em Função da Aplicação de Lixo Urbano e de Nutrientes Minerais Nutrient Accumulation in Eucalyptus grandis Biomass and Litter Using Urban Waste and Mineral Fertilizer

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Guilherme de Castro Andrade

    2011-03-01

    Full Text Available

    Quantidades significativas de resíduos orgânicos são produzidas a cada ano pela população, tornando-se indispensável obter práticas econômicas e seguras para a disposição e utilização destes. A aplicação de resíduos orgânicos em plantios florestais é uma alternativa a ser considerada. Este trabalho avaliou os efeitos da aplicação de lixo urbano e da adubação mineral em Eucalyptus grandis W. Hill ex Maiden sobre o acúmulo de nutrientes na serapilheira e na biomassa aérea das árvores aos 86 meses de idade, em Itatinga, SP, em Neossolo Quartzarênico Órtico típico. Verificou-se, nas pcarcelas experimentais com lixo urbano, maiores valores para biomassa arbórea (36,9 % de ganho com relação à testemunha e maiores conteúdos de N, P, K e Ca no sítio antes do corte das árvores. Após a retirada de madeira (alburno e cerne, observou-se também que com a manutenção das outras partes da árvore nessas parcelas, houve uma maior disponibilização desses nutrientes no sítio, cujos valores foram entre 18 % e 49 % a mais dos conteúdos encontrados para a testemunha, que poderão contribuir para a manutenção da produtividade. Os resultados evidenciaram a importância de se manter a casca das árvores no sítio, pois o descascamento feito no local propiciou, em média, um retorno de 32 % do total de nutrientes acumulados na biomassa aérea. Também, na colheita da madeira, galhos, folhas, ponteiras e serapilheira, devem ser mantidos no campo como um meio de se aumentar o estoque de nutrientes das próximas rotações.
    Large quantities of organic wastes are produced mainly in big cities, annually. There is urgent demand for safe and possible economic practices for its use on forest plantations. This study evaluated the effects of the application of urban waste and mineral fertilizers on Eucalyptus grandis W. Hill ex Maiden plantation

  20. Behavior of Eucalyptus grandis and E. cloeziana seedlings grown in arsenic-contaminated soil Comportamento de mudas de E. grandis E. eucalyptus cloeziana cultivadas em solo contaminado por arsênio

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    Roseli Freire Melo

    2010-06-01

    Full Text Available Arsenic has been considered the most poisonous inorganic soil pollutant to living creatures. For this reason, the interest in phytoremediation species has been increasing in the last years. Particularly for the State of Minas Gerais, where areas of former mining activities are prone to the occurrence of acid drainage, the demand is great for suitable species to be used in the revegetation and "cleaning" of As-polluted areas. This study was carried out to evaluate the potential of seedlings of Eucalyptus grandis (Hill Maiden and E. cloeziana F. Muell, for phytoremediation of As-polluted soils. Soil samples were incubated for a period of 15 days with different As (Na2HAsO4 doses (0, 50, 100, 200, and 400 mg dm-3. After 30 days of exposure the basal leaves of E. cloeziana plants exhibited purple spots with interveinal chlorosis, followed by necrosis and death of the apical bud at the 400 mg dm-3 dose. Increasing As doses in the soil reduced root and shoot dry matter, plant height and diameter in both species, although the reduction was more pronounced in E. cloeziana plants. In both species, As concentrations were highest in the root system; the highest root concentration was found in E. cloeziana plants (305.7 mg kg-1 resulting from a dose of 400 mg dm-3. The highest As accumulation was observed in E. grandis plants, which was confirmed as a species with potential for As phytoextraction, tending to accumulate As in the root system and stem.O arsênio (As tem sido considerado o poluente inorgânico de solo mais tóxico para os seres vivos, razão pela qual o interesse por espécies indicadoras e fitorremediadoras tem aumentado nos últimos anos. Particularmente para o Estado de Minas Gerais, que apresenta áreas remanescentes de atividade mineradora sujeitas à ocorrência de drenagem ácida, existe grande demanda por espécies com potencial para serem utilizadas na revegetação e "limpeza" de substratos contaminados por esse metaloide. Este

  1. Nitrogen Alters Initial Growth, Fine-Root Biomass and Soil Organic Matter Properties of a Eucalyptus dunnii Maiden Plantation in a Recently Afforested Grassland in Southern Brazil

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Gabriel W. D. Ferreira

    2018-01-01

    Full Text Available Nitrogen (N fertilization effects on Eucalyptus growth and soil carbon (C stocks are still controversial. We set up an N fertilization experiment in southern Brazil to evaluate initial tree growth and changes in soil organic matter (SOM. Four N levels (24–Reference, 36, 48 and 108 kg ha−1 of N were tested and tree growth was assessed during the first two years. Afterwards, representative trees were chosen to evaluate fine-root biomass (FRB and its spatial distribution. Soil was sampled to a 40-cm depth and SOM was fractionated in Particulate (POM and Mineral-Associated Organic Matter (MAOM for C and N content, and δ13C determination. Positive N effect on tree growth was seen only for tree height. N addition resulted in higher FRB. Changes in SOM were more expressive in top-soil layers. Overall, afforestation had positive effects on soil C. Increasing reference N dose resulted in higher C and N content in both SOM fractions. C and N dynamics were tightly correlated, especially in MAOM. Eucalypt-derived C was on average three-fold higher in POM. In summary, we showed that N fertilization may have positive but limited effects on tree growth, nevertheless it enhances fine-root biomass and C and N accumulation in SOM pools.

  2. Thermodynamic properties of liquid alloys systems Fe - Ni - O - Me - Si

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Н.О. Шаркіна

    2008-01-01

    Full Text Available  In the isoperabelic calorimeter at 1870 are determined partial and integral enthalpies of mixture of liquid alloys of systems Fe – Ni – O - Me and Fe – Ni – O – Me – Si, where Me – IVb-, Vb-, VIb-metals. The basis of alloy was served invars with the contents of oxygen by 0,06 %. Established, that the melts of systems Fe – Ni – O – IVb- (Vb--metals are characterized by strong interparticle interplay. The components of the maiden portions IVb- (Vb--metals in Fe – Ni – O melts are accompanied by very large exothermal effects (from – 400 up to – 1000 kJ/mol, which one considerably surpass those in double melts Fe(Ni – Me. The subsequent portions IVb- (Vb--metals caused smaller allocation of a heat (in limits from – 100 up to – 30 kJ/mol, that is conditioned by a decrease of the contents of dissolved oxygen. The partial enthalpies of mixture of molybdenum and tungsten in melts Fe – Ni – O are close to those in a nickel, and for a chromium exceed them. Is rotined, that D` HSi in liquid alloys Fe – Ni – O – Mo (– 450 kJ/mol considerably surpass that are characteristic for a nickel (– 50 kJ/mol. It is explained by interplay of silicon with the stayed dissolved oxygen in initial melts of a system Fe – Ni – O – Mo.

  3. [The elixir of doctor Garrus. Drug or liquor? Original formula or imitation?].

    Science.gov (United States)

    Labrude, P

    2010-04-01

    Elixirs were formerly very used drugs or drinks. They are alcoholized and sugared, often offered as liquors, pleasant to drink, and contain drugs or not. Many are uncommon now, but Garrus elixir has passed through the centuries. Digestive stimulative, tonic, flavour of potions, aperitive and liquor, it is obtained by maceration of aloes, saffron, myrrh, clove, cinnamon and nutmeg in alcohol before distillation, then addition of vanilla, maiden-hair, orangeflower water and sugar. It seems to have been discovered at the end of the 17th century or the beginning of 18th century by Joseph Garrus, medicine doctor, living in Paris. When he died, in 1722, the elixir was already well known. During the Regency, it was administered to Duchess of Berry, who died nevertheless, and to some important members of the royal Court. During all the 18th century, it was considered as a panacea with many useful properties, inscribed in some pharmacopoeias and disposable in the drugstores. However, Garrus was acused of having simply improved the formula of the "élixir de propriété" of Paracelsius, also called tincture of aloes, myrrh and saffron. Taking in account the great number of formulas containing these same drugs and plants, it is difficult today to elucidate their origins and to discover who was imitated by another. The elixir of Doctor Garrus is also known in literature since its name is used in Madame Bovary and Tartarin sur les Alpes. At the beginning of our 21st century, some of us consider it as one of the best aperitive liquors.

  4. ‘Hawaii, Hawaii/ Like a dream/ So I came/ But my tears/ Are flowing now/In the canefields’: Beauty’s Price in Philip Kan Gotanda’s Ballad of Yachiyo

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    María Isabel Seguro

    2009-06-01

    Full Text Available Oftentimes popular culture depicts Hawaii as an ideal paradise, represented by images of ‘[p]alm trees, a distant mountain (frequently a smoking volcano, and a hula maiden, all surmounted by a splendid full moon’ (Brown 1994. Such a picture clearly contrasts with the labour song quoted in the title of this article, which reflects the exploitation, mainly of Asian workers, in the sugar-cane plantation system—the original basis for (white American prosperity in the islands since the mid-nineteenth century. Philip Kan Gotanda’s play, Ballad of Yachiyo, which premièred at Berkeley Repertory Theatre in 1995, takes place within a Japanese community in early twentieth-century Hawaii. It is loosely based on the silenced story of the playwright’s aunt who committed suicide for bringing shame to the family as a result of an extra-marital pregnancy. Gotanda considers that this particular work is not so much about politics, but about ‘a tone’ and a ‘kind of beautiful sadness’ (1997. Despite the author’s words, Ballad of Yachiyo inevitably has embedded within a political message insofar as it makes references, for example, to working conditions in the sugar plantations, the formation of the first inter-ethnic (Japanese/Filipino trade unions and the expectations of Japanese immigrants in search of the mythical paradise Hawaii was meant to be. That is, by recovering what was once a lost voice, Gotanda reconstructs part of his family’s memory as forming part of Hawaii’s recent history.

  5. Breast cancer characteristics at diagnosis and survival among Arab-American women compared to European- and African-American women.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Hensley Alford, Sharon; Schwartz, Kendra; Soliman, Amr; Johnson, Christine Cole; Gruber, Stephen B; Merajver, Sofia D

    2009-03-01

    Data from Arab world studies suggest that Arab women may experience a more aggressive breast cancer phenotype. To investigate this finding, we focused on one of the largest settlements of Arabs and Iraqi Christians (Chaldeans) in the US, metropolitan Detroit- a SEER reporting site since 1973. We identified a cohort of primary breast cancer cases diagnosed 1973-2003. Using a validated name algorithm, women were identified as being of Arab/Chaldean descent if they had an Arab last or maiden name. We compared characteristics at diagnosis (age, grade, histology, SEER stage, and marker status) and overall survival between Arab-, European-, and African-Americans. The cohort included 1,652 (2%) women of Arab descent, 13,855 (18%) African-American women, and 63,615 (80%) European-American women. There were statistically significant differences between the racial groups for all characteristics at diagnosis. Survival analyses overall and for each SEER stage showed that Arab-American women had the best survival, followed by European-American women. African-American women had the poorest overall survival and were 1.37 (95% confidence interval: 1.23-1.52) times more likely to be diagnosed with an aggressive tumor (adjusting for age, grade, marker status, and year of diagnosis). Overall, Arab-American women have a distribution of breast cancer histology similar to European-American women. In contrast, the stage, age, and hormone receptor status at diagnosis among Arab-Americans was more similar to African-American women. However, Arab-American women have a better overall survival than even European-American women.

  6. Veel kord regilaulu parallelismist, poeetilisest sünonüümiast ja analoogiast/ Once more on the parallelism of runosong, on the poetical synonymy and analogy

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Mari Sarv

    2016-01-01

    Relying on her own previous research on runosongs and proverbs demonstrating the mutual dependency of alliteration and parallelism typical to runosong (Sarv 1999, 2000, 2003, the results of syntactic analysis of runosong texts in H. Metslang’s dissertation (1978, Juhan Peegel’s definition of poetical synonyms in runosong (Peegel 2004, and Ewald Lang’s concept of quasisynonymy (Lang 1987, the author proposes the definition of the canonical parallelism of runosong as follows: it is a grammatical verse parallelism where all or some of the syntactic elements of the main verse have corresponding parallels in the successive lines representing the same general notion, and interpreted in the context of the parallelism as semantically equivalent, irrespective of their semantic relations in the colloquial language (equivalence, synonymy, metonymy, metaphor, analogy, antonymy, hyponymy etc.. Because of this semantical equivalence, the parallel words can be selected and combined into the parallel verses according to their formal features enabling the metrical alignment and alliteration. The article also points to the problems with the classification of runosong parallelism to the analogous and synonymous by Wolfgang Steinitz (1934, widely used in the runosong discourse: although analogy and synonymy probably represent the most remarkable semantic relations between the parallel lines, it is not easy to make clear distinction between synonymous and analogous lines (or concepts—even in the colloquial non-poetic language the synonyms are usually not equivalent in all aspects of meaning; the regular use of poetical synonyms in runosongs makes it impossible at all—the geese, ducks, and grouses as different birds are analogous in the colloquial language, but synonymous in the runosong all denoting the group of maidens.

  7. Proceedings of the national symposium on BARC technologies for development of rural India

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    2013-01-01

    Empowering villages with Science and Technology (S and T) based on eco-friendly work plan for sustainable Techno-Economic growth of rural sector in a country of vast size, technology innovations and adaptations have to be evolved. This can be achieved to a great measure particularly since such technology will fit with varied local conditions and can be applied quickly to enhance the quality of life of larger population. Considering the wealth of technology and innovative capability generated in BARC, as an off-shoot of R and D in Nuclear Energy and its applications in power and non-power areas, Department of Atomic Energy (DAE) has launched - Societal Initiative for utilization of Non-Power Applications (NPAs) and Spinoff technologies (Spinoffs) in the area of water, land, agriculture, food processing and urban-rural waste management. Within this framework of societal initiative, structured programme called 'AKRUTI - KRUTIK - FORCE' has been formulated and is being implemented by BARC for techno-economic growth of the rural sector, as one of the many schemes for large-scale deployment of NPAs and spinoffs. Bhabha Atomic Research Centre Officer's Association (BARCOA) is making a maiden attempt to hold a symposium where the scientists, technologists, agriculturists and the consumers will come on a common platform to discuss these issues. This symposium is organized to enable to take the fruits of technology to grass-root level to every villager in the remote corner and provide inclusive growth to the rural sector and tap the hidden innovative capability of large rural India. This symposium describes the various technologies developed indigenously by Bhabha Atomic Research Centre for the development of rural India. Papers relevant to INIS are indexed separately

  8. Stirling Space Engine Program. Volume 1; Final Report

    Science.gov (United States)

    Dhar, Manmohan

    1999-01-01

    The objective of this program was to develop the technology necessary for operating Stirling power converters in a space environment and to demonstrate this technology in full-scale engine tests. Hardware development focused on the Component Test Power Converter (CTPC), a single cylinder, 12.5-kWe engine. Design parameters for the CTPC were 150 bar operating pressure, 70 Hz frequency, and hot-and cold-end temperatures of 1050 K and 525 K, respectively. The CTPC was also designed for integration with an annular sodium heat pipe at the hot end, which incorporated a unique "Starfish" heater head that eliminated highly stressed brazed or weld joints exposed to liquid metal and used a shaped-tubed electrochemical milling process to achieve precise positional tolerances. Selection of materials that could withstand high operating temperatures with long life were another focus. Significant progress was made in the heater head (Udimet 700 and Inconel 718 and a sodium-filled heat pipe); the alternator (polyimide-coated wire with polyimide adhesive between turns and a polyimide-impregnated fiberglass overwrap and samarium cobalt magnets); and the hydrostatic gas bearings (carbon graphite and aluminum oxide for wear couple surfaces). Tests on the CTPC were performed in three phases: cold end testing (525 K), engine testing with slot radiant heaters, and integrated heat pipe engine system testing. Each test phase was successful, with the integrated engine system demonstrating a power level of 12.5 kWe and an overall efficiency of 22 percent in its maiden test. A 1500-hour endurance test was then successfully completed. These results indicate the significant achievements made by this program that demonstrate the viability of Stirling engine technology for space applications.

  9. EFEITO DA TERMORRETIFICAÇÃO NAS PROPRIEDADES MECÂNICAS DAS MADEIRAS DE Pinus taeda E Eucalyptus grandis

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Karina Soares Modes

    2017-01-01

    Full Text Available This study investigated the effect of thermal treatment, employed under two treatment conditions on mechanical properties of wood of Pinus taeda L. and Eucalyptus grandis W. Hill ex Maiden. From each species, three 25-year tress were sampled, and from each one, it was taken the first 2-meter long log, which was obtained from two boards of size 7,0 x 20,0 cm (thickness x width respectively diametrically opposite from where 30 specimens were saw for each treatment. At the first one, called the combined one, the woods were subjected to heat treatment by autoclaving at 130 / ± 3°C and pressure of 2 kgf / cm ² for 3 hours and, after a conditioning period, subjected to heat in an electric oven at 160 / ± 1°C for the same period. The second treatment consisted only of heat treatment in oven. It was also evaluated the pieces of wood without treatment (control. The mechanical properties were evaluated by means of tests for determining the modulus of elasticity and rupture in bending, maximum resistance to compression parallel to the grain and Janka hardness according to ASTM D 143 (1995, and the impact resistance according to ABNT NBR 7190 (1997. For Pinus taeda wood, it was observed that treatment in an oven gave the worst outcomes, both due to the reduction in the values of supported load of a greater number of mechanical properties evaluated, but also as compared to the lowest increments in resistance when it was observed an increase to the same ones with heat treatment. In Eucalyptus grandis, the combined treatment decreased the greatest number of mechanical properties of wood.

  10. Quantifying above- and below-ground growth responses of the western Australian oil mallee, Eucalyptus kochii subsp. plenissima, to contrasting decapitation regimes.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Wildy, Dan T; Pate, John S

    2002-08-01

    Resprouting in the oil mallee, Eucalyptus kochii Maiden & Blakely subsp. plenissima Gardner (Brooker), involves generation of new shoots from preformed meristematic foci on the lignotuber. Numbers of such foci escalated from 200 per lignotuber in trees aged 1 year to 3,000 on 4- to 5-year-old trees. Removal of shoot biomass by decapitation 5 cm above ground in summer (February) or spring (October) resulted in initiation of 140-170 new shoots, but approx. 400 shoots were induced to form if crops of new shoots were successively removed until sprouting ceased and rootstocks senesced. Initially, the new shoot biomass of regenerating coppices increased slowly and the root biomass failed to increase appreciably until 1.7-2.5 years after cutting. Newly cut trees showed loss of fine root biomass, and structural roots failed to secondarily thicken to the extent shown by uncut trees. After 2 years, the biomass of shoots of coppiced plants was only one-third that of uncut control trees and shoot:root dry mass ratios of coppiced plants were still low (1.5-2.0) compared with those of the controls (average ratio of 3.1). Spring cutting promoted quicker and greater biomass recovery than summer cutting. Starch in below-ground biomass fell quickly following decapitation and remained low for a 12-18 month period. Utilization of starch reserves in naturally regenerating coppices was estimated to provide only a small proportion of the dry matter accumulated in new shoots. Results are discussed in relation to their impact on coppicing ability of the species under natural conditions or when successively coppiced for shoot biomass production.

  11. Presence and distribution of yeasts in the reproductive tract in healthy female horses.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Azarvandi, A; Khosravi, A R; Shokri, H; Talebkhan Garoussi, M; Gharahgouzlou, F; Vahedi, G; Sharifzadeh, A

    2017-09-01

    Yeasts are commensal organisms found in the reproductive and gastrointestinal tracts, and on the skin and other mucosa in mammals. The purpose of this study was to isolate and identify yeast flora in the caudal reproductive tract in healthy female horses. Longitudinal study. A total of 453 samples were collected using double-guarded swabs from the vestibule, clitoral fossa and vagina in 151 horses. All samples were cultured on Sabouraud 4% dextrose agar and incubated at 35°C for 7-10 days. Isolates were identified according to their morphological characteristics and biochemical profiles. Yeast colonies were isolated from 60 (39.7%) of the 151 horses. The isolated yeasts belonged to nine genera, and included Candida spp. (53.2%), Cryptococcus spp. (12.2%), Saccharomyces spp. (10.5%), Geotrichum spp. (8.0%), Rhodotorula spp. (7.1%), Malassezia spp. (3.7%), Trichosporon spp. (2.6%), Kluyveromyces spp. (2.6%) and Sporothrix spp. (0.2%). Candida krusei (43.1%) was the most frequent Candida species isolated. There was a significant difference in prevalence between C. krusei and other Candida species (Pyeast isolates (48.0%) than the vagina (18.3%). The isolation of yeast colonies from multiparous females (76.8%) was significantly higher than from maiden mares (P<0.05). The study was limited by the difficulty of distinguishing between normal flora and potential pathogens. Candida spp., in particular C. krusei, represent important flora resident in the caudal reproductive tract in healthy female horses. This is particularly important in contexts that require the initiation of empirical treatment prior to the completion of culture results. © 2016 EVJ Ltd.

  12. Six sigma critical success factors in manufacturing industries

    Science.gov (United States)

    Mustafa, Zainol; Jamaluddin, Z.

    2017-04-01

    The success of Six Sigma implementation is known to depend on a number of contributing factors. The purpose of this paper is to explore Six Sigma critical success factors (CSFs) in the context of Malaysian manufacturing organizations. Although Six Sigma success factors have been abundantly researched in the global context, in this paper, a maiden attempt is made to identify, through an extensive literature review, the CSFs for Six Sigma implementation followed by their validation using primary data collection from Malaysian manufacturing companies. A total of 33 indicators have thus been compiled through an extensive literature review which then been grouped into 6 contributing factors. These contributing success factors are then validated through an empirical research of selected Malaysian manufacturing companies at various stages of implementation of the Six Sigma process improvement methodology. There has been an overemphasis on the role and commitment of the management in the success of a Six Sigma program. Though it is undoubted, certain other factors also play an equally important role in ensuring that the Six Sigma programs are successful. The factor analysis of CSFs of the Malaysian manufacturing organizations selected in this study demonstrates that the top factor is a composite factor showing combination of the ability of the project teams to use the process management on quality initiative and a training using a proper analysis in problem solving. The CSFs extracted through the factor analysis could provide a basis for manufacturing organizations embarking on the Six Sigma journey to look beyond just management involvement. Thus, one can develop an integrated framework of other factors as outlined and give them appropriate priority and focus.

  13. Aplicación de boro en eucalipto: comparación de fuentes

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Marcelo Gabriel Ferrando

    2012-12-01

    Full Text Available La deficiencia de boro (B en sistemas forestales ha sido reportada en diferentes especies de pino y eucalipto, verificándose importantes mejoras en la producción y/o calidad de madera, con el agregado de este nutriente. La baja retranslocación del B dentro de la planta hace necesario un aporte constante para satisfacer las demandas del cultivo. Al ser un nutriente muy poco retenido por el suelo está sujeto a pérdidas por lixiviación. El uso de fertilizantes solubles brinda una solución a corto plazo, muy dependiente de situaciones ambientales, mientras que las fuentes de liberación lenta permitirían un aporte más constante y por más tiempo. El objetivo de este trabajo fue evaluar la disponibilidad en el tiempo del B proveniente de diferentes fuentes, a través de cambios en las concentraciones foliares de Eucalyptus globulus (Labille y Eucalyptus grandis (Hill ex Maiden, en distintas situaciones de suelos y manejo. Se instalaron tres experimentos de campo de comparación de fuentes boratadas (borato de sodio vs ulexita, aplicadas en cobertura, a árboles con seis meses de transplantados, en distintos sitios experimentales de Uruguay. A los 6, 12 y 24 meses luego de la fertilización se evaluaron las concentraciones foliares de B. La ulexita mostró una alta solubilidad y baja residualidad, con similar eficiencia que el borato de sodio como aporte de B para los eucaliptos. La dosis de B aplicada (4 g de B por planta parecería ser suficiente para alcanzar niveles foliares que podrían considerarse de suficiencia, sin llegar a niveles de toxicidad.

  14. Studies on the growth and reproduction of cattle in the tropics

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Frisch, J.E.

    1990-01-01

    The results of a number of studies that had the long term aim of increasing the productivity of cattle in the tropics are reported. The studies were conducted on the B (Brahman), HS (interbred Hereford x Shorthorn), F 1 BX (first cross B x HS) and F n BX (interbred B x HS) lines. These breeds were used to demonstrate the origins of the heterosis that occurs in both the realized growth and the reproductive rate of Bos indicus x Bos taurus. Genetic and environmental factors that limit the realized reproductive rates were also investigated. The reproductive rate of cows of each breed that differed in lactation status during the breeding season was compared in contrasting environments. It was shown that the main limitation to HS achieving high realized reproductive rates was of environmental origin. For B cows, the main limitation was associated with the stress of lactation. Unsuccessful attempts were made to overcome this limitation by using progesterone releasing intravaginal devices alone or in combination with temporary calf weaning to try to induce a fertile oestrus. Improvement of the realized reproductive rates in the HS line was achieved by increasing their resistance to environmental stresses. The prospects for increasing the realized reproductive rate of maiden heifers by increasing their live weight at the start of their first breeding season were also investigated. About half of the heifers of each breed were implanted with the synthetic growth promotant Synovex 'H' on three occasions before the start of the breeding season. Although the live weight of all breeds increased in response to Synovex 'H', the magnitude of the response was dependent on the presence or absence of parasite control. Previously implanted heifers had a lower pregnancy rate than non-implanted heifers. 4 refs, 6 tabs

  15. Near Earth Asteroid Scout Solar Sail Engineering Development Unit Test Suite

    Science.gov (United States)

    Lockett, Tiffany Russell; Few, Alexander; Wilson, Richard

    2017-01-01

    The Near Earth Asteroid (NEA) Scout project is a 6U reconnaissance mission to investigate a near Earth asteroid utilizing an 86m(sub 2) solar sail as the primary propulsion system. This will be the largest solar sail NASA has launched to date. NEA Scout is currently manifested on the maiden voyage of the Space Launch System in 2018. In development of the solar sail subsystem, design challenges were identified and investigated for packaging within a 6U form factor and deployment in cis-lunar space. Analysis was able to capture understanding of thermal, stress, and dynamics of the stowed system as well as mature an integrated sail membrane model for deployed flight dynamics. Full scale system testing on the ground is the optimal way to demonstrate system robustness, repeatability, and overall performance on a compressed flight schedule. To physically test the system, the team developed a flight sized engineering development unit with design features as close to flight as possible. The test suite included ascent vent, random vibration, functional deployments, thermal vacuum, and full sail deployments. All of these tests contributed towards development of the final flight unit. This paper will address several of the design challenges and lessons learned from the NEA Scout solar sail subsystem engineering development unit. Testing on the component level all the way to the integrated subsystem level. From optical properties of the sail material to fold and spooling the single sail, the team has developed a robust deployment system for the solar sail. The team completed several deployments of the sail system in preparation for flight at half scale (4m) and full scale (6.8m): boom only, half scale sail deployment, and full scale sail deployment. This paper will also address expected and received test results from ascent vent, random vibration, and deployment tests.

  16. Retrospective analysis of seasonal ocean growth rates of two sea winter Atlantic Salmon in eastern Maine using historic scales

    Science.gov (United States)

    Izzo, Lisa K.; Zydlewski, Joseph D.

    2017-01-01

    Substantial declines of anadromous Atlantic Salmon Salmo salar have occurred throughout its range, with many populations at the southern extent of the distribution currently extirpated or endangered. While both one sea winter (1SW) and two sea winter (2SW) spawner numbers for the North American stocks have declined since the 1950s, the decline has been most severe in 2SW spawners. The first months at sea are considered a period of high mortality. However, early ocean mortality alone cannot explain the more pronounced decline of 2SW spawners, suggesting that the second year at sea may be more critical than previously thought. Atlantic Salmon scales collected by anglers and the state agency from 1946 to 2013 from five rivers in eastern Maine were used to estimate smolt age and ocean age of returning adults. Additionally, seasonal growth rates of maiden 2SW spawners were estimated using intercirculi measurements and linear back-calculation methods. Generalized linear mixed models (Gaussian family, log link function) were used to investigate the influence of average sea surface temperature, accumulated thermal units, the Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation (AMO) and North Atlantic Oscillation indices, smolt age, smolt length, postsmolt growth, and river of origin on growth rate during the oceanic migration of North American Atlantic Salmon. Results suggest that different factors influence salmon growth throughout their oceanic migration, and previous growth can be a strong predictor of future size. Growth was negatively impacted by the phase of the AMO, which has been linked to salmon abundance trends, in early spring following the postsmolt period. This is likely when the 1SW and 2SW stock components separate, and our results suggest that this period may be of interest in future work examining the disproportionate decline in 2SW spawners.

  17. Co-evolutionary interactions between host resistance and pathogen avirulence genes in rice-Magnaporthe oryzae pathosystem.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Singh, Pankaj Kumar; Ray, Soham; Thakur, Shallu; Rathour, Rajeev; Sharma, Vinay; Sharma, Tilak Raj

    2018-06-01

    Rice and Magnaporthe oryzae constitutes an ideal pathosystem for studying host-pathogen interaction in cereals crops. There are two alternative hypotheses, viz. Arms race and Trench warfare, which explain the co-evolutionary dynamics of hosts and pathogens which are under continuous confrontation. Arms race proposes that both R- and Avr- genes of host and pathogen, respectively, undergo positive selection. Alternatively, trench warfare suggests that either R- or Avr- gene in the pathosystem is under balanced selection intending to stabilize the genetic advantage gained over the opposition. Here, we made an attempt to test the above-stated hypotheses in rice-M. oryzae pathosystem at loci of three R-Avr gene pairs, Piz-t-AvrPiz-t, Pi54-AvrPi54 and Pita-AvrPita using allele mining approach. Allele mining is an efficient way to capture allelic variants existing in the population and to study the selective forces imposed on the variants during evolution. Results of nucleotide diversity, neutrality statistics and phylogenetic analyses reveal that Piz-t, Pi54 and AvrPita are diversified and under positive selection at their corresponding loci, while their counterparts, AvrPiz-t, AvrPi54 and Pita are conserved and under balancing selection, in nature. These results imply that rice-M. oryzae populations are engaged in a trench warfare at least at the three R/Avr loci studied. It is a maiden attempt to study the co-evolution of three R-Avr gene pairs in this pathosystem. Knowledge gained from this study will help in understanding the evolutionary dynamics of host-pathogen interaction in a better way and will also aid in developing new durable blast resistant rice varieties in future. Copyright © 2018 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

  18. Métodos de proteção de mudas de abacate contra geada em diferentes cultivares Frost protection covers methods for avocado in different cultivars

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Ubirajara Ribeiro Mindêllo Neto

    2004-08-01

    Full Text Available Este trabalho foi realizado na EMBRAPA Transferência de Tecnologia/SNT, localizado em Canoinhas-SC, Planalto Norte Catarinense. O objetivo foi avaliar a tolerância ao frio de oito cultivares de abacate (Choquette, Vitória, Herculano, Quintal, Linda, Tonnage, Fuerte e Ryan plantadas em maio de 2003, utilizando dois métodos de proteção da muda contra geadas (galhos de eucalipto e galhos de eucalipto + sombrite. Em setembro do mesmo ano, estes materiais que protegiam as mudas, foram retirados e foram atribuídas notas para avaliar o grau de dano nas plantas. Não houve diferença entre as cultivares de abacate em relação à tolerância ao frio, independentemente do tipo de proteção. Entretanto, comparados os dois métodos avaliados, a utilização de galhos de eucalipto associado ao uso de sombrite foi mais eficiente na proteção de plantas jovens de abacate quando comparado ao uso de galhos de eucalipto.The experiment was carried out at EMBRAPA Technology Transfer Office at Canoinhas, Santa Catarina State, Northern Highland area. The aim was to evaluate the tolerance for low temperature in eight varieties of avocado (Choquette, Vitória, Herculano, Quintal, Linda, Tonnage, Fuerte and Ryan planted in May of 2003 using two methods of covers for avocado maiden trees (eucalyptus branches and eucalyptus branches plus sombrite. In September, in the same year, the covers were removed and ranked by scores to evaluate the degree of frost injury on plants. There were no difference between avocado varieties in relation of covers methods. However, comparing the two covers methods, the use of eucalyptus branches plus sombrite was better than the use of eucalyptus branches, in young plants of avocado.

  19. Total cross sections for electron scattering with halocarbon molecules

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Naghma, Rahla; Gupta, Dhanoj; Antony, Bobby, E-mail: bka.ism@gmail.com

    2014-03-01

    Highlights: • A quantum mechanical model to find elastic, inelastic and total CS by e{sup −} impact. • Spherical complex optical potential formalism is used to find total CS. • Result shows consistency and good agreement with previous data wherever available. • Maiden attempt to find CS for CH{sub 2}Br{sub 2}, CHBr{sub 3}, CBr{sub 4} and C{sub n}H{sub 2n+1}Cl (n = 2–4) molecules. • Interesting correlation observed between total CS and polarizability of the molecule. - Abstract: A theoretical study on electron collision with chlorinated methanes: CH{sub 2}Cl{sub 2} and CHCl{sub 3}, brominated methanes: CH{sub 2}Br{sub 2}, CHBr{sub 3} and CBr{sub 4} and some mono chloroalkanes: C{sub n}H{sub 2n+1}Cl (n = 2–4) molecules in gaseous ground state is undertaken to report elastic, inelastic and total cross sections in the 20–5000 eV energy range. The target molecule is represented as a sum of various scattering centres, which are assumed to scatter electrons independently. The spherical complex optical potential (SCOP) is formulated to represent the interaction dynamics between the electron and the constituent scattering centres. Using SCOP, the quantum mechanical scattering problem is solved through partial wave analysis. The results obtained for CH{sub 2}Cl{sub 2} and CHCl{sub 3} are compared with the available experimental and theoretical values. The elastic cross section for CBr{sub 4} shows satisfactory agreement with the previous available data. The cross sections for CH{sub 2}Br{sub 2}, CHBr{sub 3}, and C{sub n}H{sub 2n+1}Cl (n = 2–4) molecules presented in this work are reported for the first time.

  20. Uncovering the defence responses of Eucalyptus to pests and pathogens in the genomics age.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Naidoo, Sanushka; Külheim, Carsten; Zwart, Lizahn; Mangwanda, Ronishree; Oates, Caryn N; Visser, Erik A; Wilken, Febé E; Mamni, Thandekile B; Myburg, Alexander A

    2014-09-01

    Long-lived tree species are subject to attack by various pests and pathogens during their lifetime. This problem is exacerbated by climate change, which may increase the host range for pathogens and extend the period of infestation by pests. Plant defences may involve preformed barriers or induced resistance mechanisms based on recognition of the invader, complex signalling cascades, hormone signalling, activation of transcription factors and production of pathogenesis-related (PR) proteins with direct antimicrobial or anti-insect activity. Trees have evolved some unique defence mechanisms compared with well-studied model plants, which are mostly herbaceous annuals. The genome sequence of Eucalyptus grandis W. Hill ex Maiden has recently become available and provides a resource to extend our understanding of defence in large woody perennials. This review synthesizes existing knowledge of defence mechanisms in model plants and tree species and features mechanisms that may be important for defence in Eucalyptus, such as anatomical variants and the role of chemicals and proteins. Based on the E. grandis genome sequence, we have identified putative PR proteins based on sequence identity to the previously described plant PR proteins. Putative orthologues for PR-1, PR-2, PR-4, PR-5, PR-6, PR-7, PR-8, PR-9, PR-10, PR-12, PR-14, PR-15 and PR-17 have been identified and compared with their orthologues in Populus trichocarpa Torr. & A. Gray ex Hook and Arabidopsis thaliana (L.) Heynh. The survey of PR genes in Eucalyptus provides a first step in identifying defence gene targets that may be employed for protection of the species in future. Genomic resources available for Eucalyptus are discussed and approaches for improving resistance in these hardwood trees, earmarked as a bioenergy source in future, are considered. © The Author 2014. Published by Oxford University Press. All rights reserved. For Permissions, please email: journals.permissions@oup.com.

  1. Quantifying Above‐ and Below‐ground Growth Responses of the Western Australian Oil Mallee, Eucalyptus kochii subsp. plenissima, to Contrasting Decapitation Regimes

    Science.gov (United States)

    WILDY, DAN T.; PATE, JOHN S.

    2002-01-01

    Resprouting in the oil mallee, Eucalyptus kochii Maiden & Blakely subsp. plenissima Gardner (Brooker), involves generation of new shoots from preformed meristematic foci on the lignotuber. Numbers of such foci escalated from 200 per lignotuber in trees aged 1 year to 3000 on 4‐ to 5‐year‐old trees. Removal of shoot biomass by decapitation 5 cm above ground in summer (February) or spring (October) resulted in initiation of 140–170 new shoots, but approx. 400 shoots were induced to form if crops of new shoots were successively removed until sprouting ceased and rootstocks senesced. Initially, the new shoot biomass of regenerating coppices increased slowly and the root biomass failed to increase appreciably until 1·7–2·5 years after cutting. Newly cut trees showed loss of fine root biomass, and structural roots failed to secondarily thicken to the extent shown by uncut trees. After 2 years, the biomass of shoots of coppiced plants was only one‐third that of uncut control trees and shoot : root dry mass ratios of coppiced plants were still low (1·5–2·0) compared with those of the controls (average ratio of 3·1). Spring cutting promoted quicker and greater biomass recovery than summer cutting. Starch in below‐ground biomass fell quickly following decapitation and remained low for a 12–18 month period. Utilization of starch reserves in naturally regenerating coppices was estimated to provide only a small proportion of the dry matter accumulated in new shoots. Results are discussed in relation to their impact on coppicing ability of the species under natural conditions or when successively coppiced for shoot biomass production. PMID:12197516

  2. Apophysomyces variabilis: draft genome sequence and comparison of predictive virulence determinants with other medically important Mucorales.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Prakash, Hariprasath; Rudramurthy, Shivaprakash Mandya; Gandham, Prasad S; Ghosh, Anup Kumar; Kumar, Milner M; Badapanda, Chandan; Chakrabarti, Arunaloke

    2017-09-18

    Apophysomyces species are prevalent in tropical countries and A. variabilis is the second most frequent agent causing mucormycosis in India. Among Apophysomyces species, A. elegans, A. trapeziformis and A. variabilis are commonly incriminated in human infections. The genome sequences of A. elegans and A. trapeziformis are available in public database, but not A. variabilis. We, therefore, performed the whole genome sequence of A. variabilis to explore its genomic structure and possible genes determining the virulence of the organism. The whole genome of A. variabilis NCCPF 102052 was sequenced and the genomic structure of A. variabilis was compared with already available genome structures of A. elegans, A. trapeziformis and other medically important Mucorales. The total size of genome assembly of A. variabilis was 39.38 Mb with 12,764 protein-coding genes. The transposable elements (TEs) were low in Apophysomyces genome and the retrotransposon Ty3-gypsy was the common TE. Phylogenetically, Apophysomyces species were grouped closely with Phycomyces blakesleeanus. OrthoMCL analysis revealed 3025 orthologues proteins, which were common in those three pathogenic Apophysomyces species. Expansion of multiple gene families/duplication was observed in Apophysomyces genomes. Approximately 6% of Apophysomyces genes were predicted to be associated with virulence on PHIbase analysis. The virulence determinants included the protein families of CotH proteins (invasins), proteases, iron utilisation pathways, siderophores and signal transduction pathways. Serine proteases were the major group of proteases found in all Apophysomyces genomes. The carbohydrate active enzymes (CAZymes) constitute the majority of the secretory proteins. The present study is the maiden attempt to sequence and analyze the genomic structure of A. variabilis. Together with available genome sequence of A. elegans and A. trapeziformis, the study helped to indicate the possible virulence determinants of

  3. Temperature effects on wood anatomy, wood density, photosynthesis and biomass partitioning of Eucalyptus grandis seedlings.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Thomas, D S; Montagu, K D; Conroy, J P

    2007-02-01

    Wood density, a gross measure of wood mass relative to wood volume, is important in our understanding of stem volume growth, carbon sequestration and leaf water supply. Disproportionate changes in the ratio of wood mass to volume may occur at the level of the whole stem or the individual cell. In general, there is a positive relationship between temperature and wood density of eucalypts, although this relationship has broken down in recent years with wood density decreasing as global temperatures have risen. To determine the anatomical causes of the effects of temperature on wood density, Eucalyptus grandis W. Hill ex Maiden seedlings were grown in controlled-environment cabinets at constant temperatures from 10 to 35 degrees C. The 20% increase in wood density of E. grandis seedlings grown at the higher temperatures was variously related to a 40% reduction in lumen area of xylem vessels, a 10% reduction in the lumen area of fiber cells and a 10% increase in fiber cell wall thickness. The changes in cell wall characteristics could be considered analogous to changes in carbon supply. Lumen area of fiber cells declined because of reduced fiber cell expansion and increased fiber cell wall thickening. Fiber cell wall thickness was positively related to canopy CO2 assimilation rate (Ac), which increased 26-fold because of a 24-fold increase in leaf area and a doubling in leaf CO2 assimilation rate from minima at 10 and 35 degrees C to maxima at 25 and 30 degrees C. Increased Ac increased seedling volume, biomass and wood density; but increased wood density was also related to a shift in partitioning of seedling biomass from roots to stems as temperature increased.

  4. INFLUÊNCIA DA TERMORRETIFICAÇÃO NA RESISTÊNCIA A DEGRADAÇÃO BIOLÓGICA DAS MADEIRAS DE Pinus taeda E Eucalyptus grandis

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Karina Soares Modes

    2017-01-01

    Full Text Available This study investigated the effect of two thermal treatment technique on the biological properties of the wood of Pinus taeda L. and Eucalyptus grandis and W. Hill ex Maiden, comparing them with results obtained for the untreated wood. Of each species were sampled three trees at age 25, from where it drew a central plank height DBH for making test specimens were subjected to thermal treatments for later be transformed into pieces of 2.5 x 2.5 x 0.9 cm. In the first treatment the wood were subjected to thermal treatment by autoclaving at 130 ºC/ ± 3 ° C and pressure of 2 kgf /cm² for 3 hours and, after a conditioning period, subjected to heat in an electric oven at 160 °C/ ± 1 °C for the same period. The second treatment consisted of only heat treatment by kiln. Resistance to biological attack was evaluated by accelerated decay test in the laboratory, using a white-rot fungus, Trametes versicolor (Linnaeus ex Fries Pilat and other brown rot Gloeophyllum trabeum (Persoon. ex Fries Murr. The combined treatment of the autoclave with electric oven favored the decay of both species of wood fungi employees, except for Pinus taeda submitted to the fungus Trametes versicolor , while treatment in an oven provided increase biological resistance of Pinus taeda wood fungus Trametes versicolor and of Eucalyptus grandis fungus Gloeophyllum trabeum . In general it is concluded that treatment in an oven resulted in more resistant to biological degradation and lower weight loss compared with the combined treatment of the autoclave with electric oven while the latter when applied to both species resulted in an increase in the propensity of biological degradation.

  5. Theseus on Take-off for First Flight

    Science.gov (United States)

    1996-01-01

    The Theseus prototype research aircraft takes off for its first test flight from NASA's Dryden Flight Research Center, Edwards, California, on May 24, 1996. The Theseus aircraft, built and operated by Aurora Flight Sciences Corporation, Manassas, Virginia, was a unique aircraft flown at NASA's Dryden Flight Research Center, Edwards, California, under a cooperative agreement between NASA and Aurora. Dryden hosted the Theseus program, providing hangar space and range safety for flight testing. Aurora Flight Sciences was responsible for the actual flight testing, vehicle flight safety, and operation of the aircraft. The Theseus remotely piloted aircraft flew its maiden flight on May 24, 1996, at Dryden. During its sixth flight on November 12, 1996, Theseus experienced an in-flight structural failure that resulted in the loss of the aircraft. As of the beginning of the year 2000, Aurora had not rebuilt the aircraft. Theseus was built for NASA under an innovative, $4.9 million fixed-price contract by Aurora Flight Sciences Corporation and its partners, West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia, and Fairmont State College, Fairmont, West Virginia. The twin-engine, unpiloted vehicle had a 140-foot wingspan, and was constructed largely of composite materials. Powered by two 80-horsepower, turbocharged piston engines that drove twin 9-foot-diameter propellers, Theseus was designed to fly autonomously at high altitudes, with takeoff and landing under the active control of a ground-based pilot in a ground control station 'cockpit.' With the potential ability to carry 700 pounds of science instruments to altitudes above 60,000 feet for durations of greater than 24 hours, Theseus was intended to support research in areas such as stratospheric ozone depletion and the atmospheric effects of future high-speed civil transport aircraft engines. Instruments carried aboard Theseus also would be able to validate satellite-based global environmental change measurements. Dryden

  6. Theseus Assembly Sequence #2

    Science.gov (United States)

    1996-01-01

    Crew members are seen here assembling the tail of the Theseus prototype research aircraft at NASA's Dryden Flight Research Center, Edwards, California, in May of 1996. The Theseus aircraft, built and operated by Aurora Flight Sciences Corporation, Manassas, Virginia, was a unique aircraft flown at NASA's Dryden Flight Research Center, Edwards, California, under a cooperative agreement between NASA and Aurora. Dryden hosted the Theseus program, providing hangar space and range safety for flight testing. Aurora Flight Sciences was responsible for the actual flight testing, vehicle flight safety, and operation of the aircraft. The Theseus remotely piloted aircraft flew its maiden flight on May 24, 1996, at Dryden. During its sixth flight on November 12, 1996, Theseus experienced an in-flight structural failure that resulted in the loss of the aircraft. As of the beginning of the year 2000, Aurora had not rebuilt the aircraft. Theseus was built for NASA under an innovative, $4.9 million fixed-price contract by Aurora Flight Sciences Corporation and its partners, West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia, and Fairmont State College, Fairmont, West Virginia. The twin-engine, unpiloted vehicle had a 140-foot wingspan, and was constructed largely of composite materials. Powered by two 80-horsepower, turbocharged piston engines that drove twin 9-foot-diameter propellers, Theseus was designed to fly autonomously at high altitudes, with takeoff and landing under the active control of a ground-based pilot in a ground control station 'cockpit.' With the potential ability to carry 700 pounds of science instruments to altitudes above 60,000 feet for durations of greater than 24 hours, Theseus was intended to support research in areas such as stratospheric ozone depletion and the atmospheric effects of future high-speed civil transport aircraft engines. Instruments carried aboard Theseus also would be able to validate satellite-based global environmental change

  7. Theseus Assembly Sequence #3

    Science.gov (United States)

    1996-01-01

    The Theseus prototype research aircraft being assembled at NASA's Dryden Flight Research Center, Edwards, California, in May of 1996. The Theseus aircraft, built and operated by Aurora Flight Sciences Corporation, Manassas, Virginia, was a unique aircraft flown at NASA's Dryden Flight Research Center, Edwards, California, under a cooperative agreement between NASA and Aurora. Dryden hosted the Theseus program, providing hangar space and range safety for flight testing. Aurora Flight Sciences was responsible for the actual flight testing, vehicle flight safety, and operation of the aircraft. The Theseus remotely piloted aircraft flew its maiden flight on May 24, 1996, at Dryden. During its sixth flight on November 12, 1996, Theseus experienced an in-flight structural failure that resulted in the loss of the aircraft. As of the beginning of the year 2000, Aurora had not rebuilt the aircraft. Theseus was built for NASA under an innovative, $4.9 million fixed-price contract by Aurora Flight Sciences Corporation and its partners, West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia, and Fairmont State College, Fairmont, West Virginia. The twin-engine, unpiloted vehicle had a 140-foot wingspan, and was constructed largely of composite materials. Powered by two 80-horsepower, turbocharged piston engines that drove twin 9-foot-diameter propellers, Theseus was designed to fly autonomously at high altitudes, with takeoff and landing under the active control of a ground-based pilot in a ground control station 'cockpit.' With the potential ability to carry 700 pounds of science instruments to altitudes above 60,000 feet for durations of greater than 24 hours, Theseus was intended to support research in areas such as stratospheric ozone depletion and the atmospheric effects of future high-speed civil transport aircraft engines. Instruments carried aboard Theseus also would be able to validate satellite-based global environmental change measurements. Dryden's Project Manager was

  8. Theseus Engine Being Unloaded

    Science.gov (United States)

    1996-01-01

    Crew members are seen here unloading an engine of the Theseus prototype research aircraft at NASA's Dryden Flight Research Center, Edwards, California, in May of 1996. The Theseus aircraft, built and operated by Aurora Flight Sciences Corporation, Manassas, Virginia, was a unique aircraft flown at NASA's Dryden Flight Research Center, Edwards, California, under a cooperative agreement between NASA and Aurora. Dryden hosted the Theseus program, providing hangar space and range safety for flight testing. Aurora Flight Sciences was responsible for the actual flight testing, vehicle flight safety, and operation of the aircraft. The Theseus remotely piloted aircraft flew its maiden flight on May 24, 1996, at Dryden. During its sixth flight on November 12, 1996, Theseus experienced an in-flight structural failure that resulted in the loss of the aircraft. As of the beginning of the year 2000, Aurora had not rebuilt the aircraft Theseus was built for NASA under an innovative, $4.9 million fixed-price contract by Aurora Flight Sciences Corporation and its partners, West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia, and Fairmont State College, Fairmont, West Virginia. The twin-engine, unpiloted vehicle had a 140-foot wingspan, and was constructed largely of composite materials. Powered by two 80-horsepower, turbocharged piston engines that drove twin 9-foot-diameter propellers, Theseus was designed to fly autonomously at high altitudes, with takeoff and landing under the active control of a ground-based pilot in a ground control station 'cockpit.' With the potential ability to carry 700 pounds of science instruments to altitudes above 60,000 feet for durations of greater than 24 hours, Theseus was intended to support research in areas such as stratospheric ozone depletion and the atmospheric effects of future high-speed civil transport aircraft engines. Instruments carried aboard Theseus also would be able to validate satellite-based global environmental change

  9. Theseus Assembly Sequence #1

    Science.gov (United States)

    1996-01-01

    The Theseus prototype research aircraft being assembled at NASA's Dryden Flight Research Center, Edwards, California, in May of 1996. The Theseus aircraft, built and operated by Aurora Flight Sciences Corporation, Manassas, Virginia, was a unique aircraft flown at NASA's Dryden Flight Research Center, Edwards, California, under a cooperative agreement between NASA and Aurora. Dryden hosted the Theseus program, providing hangar space and range safety for flight testing. Aurora Flight Sciences was responsible for the actual flight testing, vehicle flight safety, and operation of the aircraft. The Theseus remotely piloted aircraft flew its maiden flight on May 24, 1996, at Dryden. During its sixth flight on November 12, 1996, Theseus experienced an in-flight structural failure that resulted in the loss of the aircraft. As of the beginning of the year 2000, Aurora had not rebuilt the aircraft. Theseus was built for NASA under an innovative, $4.9 million fixed-price contract by Aurora Flight Sciences Corporation and its partners, West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia, and Fairmont State College, Fairmont, West Virginia. The twin-engine, unpiloted vehicle had a 140-foot wingspan, and was constructed largely of composite materials. Powered by two 80-horsepower, turbocharged piston engines that drove twin 9-foot-diameter propellers, Theseus was designed to fly autonomously at high altitudes, with takeoff and landing under the active control of a ground-based pilot in a ground control station 'cockpit.' With the potential ability to carry 700 pounds of science instruments to altitudes above 60,000 feet for durations of greater than 24 hours, Theseus was intended to support research in areas such as stratospheric ozone depletion and the atmospheric effects of future high-speed civil transport aircraft engines. Instruments carried aboard Theseus also would be able to validate satellite-based global environmental change measurements. Dryden's Project Manager was

  10. Theseus Tail Being Unloaded

    Science.gov (United States)

    1996-01-01

    The tail of the Theseus prototype research aircraft is seen here being unloaded at NASA's Dryden Flight Research Center, Edwards, California, in May of 1996. The Theseus aircraft, built and operated by Aurora Flight Sciences Corporation, Manassas, Virginia, was a unique aircraft flown at NASA's Dryden Flight Research Center, Edwards, California, under a cooperative agreement between NASA and Aurora. Dryden hosted the Theseus program, providing hangar space and range safety for flight testing. Aurora Flight Sciences was responsible for the actual flight testing, vehicle flight safety, and operation of the aircraft. The Theseus remotely piloted aircraft flew its maiden flight on May 24, 1996, at Dryden. During its sixth flight on November 12, 1996, Theseus experienced an in-flight structural failure that resulted in the loss of the aircraft. As of the beginning of the year 2000, Aurora had not rebuilt the aircraft. Theseus was built for NASA under an innovative, $4.9 million fixed-price contract by Aurora Flight Sciences Corporation and its partners, West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia, and Fairmont State College, Fairmont, West Virginia. The twin-engine, unpiloted vehicle had a 140-foot wingspan, and was constructed largely of composite materials. Powered by two 80-horsepower, turbocharged piston engines that drove twin 9-foot-diameter propellers, Theseus was designed to fly autonomously at high altitudes, with takeoff and landing under the active control of a ground-based pilot in a ground control station 'cockpit.' With the potential ability to carry 700 pounds of science instruments to altitudes above 60,000 feet for durations of greater than 24 hours, Theseus was intended to support research in areas such as stratospheric ozone depletion and the atmospheric effects of future high-speed civil transport aircraft engines. Instruments carried aboard Theseus also would be able to validate satellite-based global environmental change measurements

  11. Elevational gradients in fish diversity in the Himalaya: water discharge is the key driver of distribution patterns.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Bhatt, Jay P; Manish, Kumar; Pandit, Maharaj K

    2012-01-01

    Studying diversity and distribution patterns of species along elevational gradients and understanding drivers behind these patterns is central to macroecology and conservation biology. A number of studies on biogeographic gradients are available for terrestrial ecosystems, but freshwater ecosystems remain largely neglected. In particular, we know very little about the species richness gradients and their drivers in the Himalaya, a global biodiversity hotspot. We collated taxonomic and distribution data of fish species from 16 freshwater Himalayan rivers and carried out empirical studies on environmental drivers and fish diversity and distribution in the Teesta river (Eastern Himalaya). We examined patterns of fish species richness along the Himalayan elevational gradients (50-3800 m) and sought to understand the drivers behind the emerging patterns. We used generalized linear models (GLM) and generalized additive models (GAM) to examine the richness patterns; GLM was used to investigate relationship between fish species richness and various environmental variables. Regression modelling involved stepwise procedures, including elimination of collinear variables, best model selection, based on the least Akaike's information criterion (AIC) and the highest percentage of deviance explained (D(2)). This maiden study on the Himalayan fishes revealed that total and non-endemic fish species richness monotonously decrease with increasing elevation, while endemics peaked around mid elevations (700-1500 m). The best explanatory model (synthetic model) indicated that water discharge is the best predictor of fish species richness patterns in the Himalayan rivers. This study, carried out along one of the longest bioclimatic elevation gradients of the world, lends support to Rapoport's elevational rule as opposed to mid domain effect hypothesis. We propose a species-discharge model and contradict species-area model in predicting fish species richness. We suggest that drivers of

  12. Selection and validation of reference genes for qRT-PCR expression analysis of candidate genes involved in olfactory communication in the butterfly Bicyclus anynana.

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Alok Arun

    Full Text Available Real-time quantitative reverse transcription PCR (qRT-PCR is a technique widely used to quantify the transcriptional expression level of candidate genes. qRT-PCR requires the selection of one or several suitable reference genes, whose expression profiles remain stable across conditions, to normalize the qRT-PCR expression profiles of candidate genes. Although several butterfly species (Lepidoptera have become important models in molecular evolutionary ecology, so far no study aimed at identifying reference genes for accurate data normalization for any butterfly is available. The African bush brown butterfly Bicyclus anynana has drawn considerable attention owing to its suitability as a model for evolutionary ecology, and we here provide a maiden extensive study to identify suitable reference gene in this species. We monitored the expression profile of twelve reference genes: eEF-1α, FK506, UBQL40, RpS8, RpS18, HSP, GAPDH, VATPase, ACT3, TBP, eIF2 and G6PD. We tested the stability of their expression profiles in three different tissues (wings, brains, antennae, two developmental stages (pupal and adult and two sexes (male and female, all of which were subjected to two food treatments (food stress and control feeding ad libitum. The expression stability and ranking of twelve reference genes was assessed using two algorithm-based methods, NormFinder and geNorm. Both methods identified RpS8 as the best suitable reference gene for expression data normalization. We also showed that the use of two reference genes is sufficient to effectively normalize the qRT-PCR data under varying tissues and experimental conditions that we used in B. anynana. Finally, we tested the effect of choosing reference genes with different stability on the normalization of the transcript abundance of a candidate gene involved in olfactory communication in B. anynana, the Fatty Acyl Reductase 2, and we confirmed that using an unstable reference gene can drastically alter the

  13. Selection and validation of reference genes for qRT-PCR expression analysis of candidate genes involved in olfactory communication in the butterfly Bicyclus anynana.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Arun, Alok; Baumlé, Véronique; Amelot, Gaël; Nieberding, Caroline M

    2015-01-01

    Real-time quantitative reverse transcription PCR (qRT-PCR) is a technique widely used to quantify the transcriptional expression level of candidate genes. qRT-PCR requires the selection of one or several suitable reference genes, whose expression profiles remain stable across conditions, to normalize the qRT-PCR expression profiles of candidate genes. Although several butterfly species (Lepidoptera) have become important models in molecular evolutionary ecology, so far no study aimed at identifying reference genes for accurate data normalization for any butterfly is available. The African bush brown butterfly Bicyclus anynana has drawn considerable attention owing to its suitability as a model for evolutionary ecology, and we here provide a maiden extensive study to identify suitable reference gene in this species. We monitored the expression profile of twelve reference genes: eEF-1α, FK506, UBQL40, RpS8, RpS18, HSP, GAPDH, VATPase, ACT3, TBP, eIF2 and G6PD. We tested the stability of their expression profiles in three different tissues (wings, brains, antennae), two developmental stages (pupal and adult) and two sexes (male and female), all of which were subjected to two food treatments (food stress and control feeding ad libitum). The expression stability and ranking of twelve reference genes was assessed using two algorithm-based methods, NormFinder and geNorm. Both methods identified RpS8 as the best suitable reference gene for expression data normalization. We also showed that the use of two reference genes is sufficient to effectively normalize the qRT-PCR data under varying tissues and experimental conditions that we used in B. anynana. Finally, we tested the effect of choosing reference genes with different stability on the normalization of the transcript abundance of a candidate gene involved in olfactory communication in B. anynana, the Fatty Acyl Reductase 2, and we confirmed that using an unstable reference gene can drastically alter the expression

  14. Airborne Deployment and Calibration of Microwave Atmospheric Sounder on 6U CubeSat

    Science.gov (United States)

    Padmanabhan, S.; Brown, S. T.; Lim, B.; Kangaslahti, P.; Russell, D.; Stachnik, R. A.

    2015-12-01

    To accurately predict how the distribution of extreme events may change in the future we need to understand the mechanisms that influence such events in our current climate. Our current observing system is not well-suited for observing extreme events globally due to the sparse sampling and in-homogeneity of ground-based in-situ observations and the infrequent revisit time of satellite observations. Observations of weather extremes, such as extreme precipitation events, temperature extremes, tropical and extra-tropical cyclones among others, with temporal resolution on the order of minutes and spatial resolution on the order of few kms (cost passive microwave sounding and imaging sensors on CubeSats that would work in concert with traditional flagship observational systems, such as those manifested on large environmental satellites (i.e. JPSS,WSF,GCOM-W), to monitor weather extremes. A 118/183 GHz sensor would enable observations of temperature and precipitation extremes over land and ocean as well as tropical and extra-tropical cyclones. This proposed project would enable low cost, compact radiometer instrumentation at 118 and 183 GHz that would fit in a 6U Cubesat with the objective of mass-producing this design to enable a suite of small satellites to image the key geophysical parameters needed to improve prediction of extreme weather events. We take advantage of past and current technology developments at JPL viz. HAMSR (High Altitude Microwave Scanning Radiometer), Advanced Component Technology (ACT'08) to enable low-mass, low-power high frequency airborne radiometers. In this paper, we will describe the design and implementation of the 118 GHz temperature sounder and 183 GHz humidity sounder on the 6U CubeSat. In addition, we will discuss the maiden airborne deployment of the instrument during the Plain Elevated Convection at Night (PECAN) experiment. The successful demonstration of this instrument on the 6U CubeSat would pave the way for the development of a

  15. Making Space Cool - Successful Outreach at Yuri's Night Stuttgart

    Science.gov (United States)

    Hill, Christine; Bretschneider, Jens; Nathanson, Emil; Grossmann, Agnes

    Yuri’s Night - also known as the “World Space Party” - is the annual celebration commemorating Gagarin’s historic flight on April 12, 1961, and the maiden voyage of the American space shuttle on April 12, 1981. It was created by young space enthusiasts in 2000 at the annual Space Generation Congress and was first celebrated in 2001, registering more than 60 events around the world from the start. Since then the interest in celebrating human spaceflight grew constantly to over 350 events across all seven continents in 2013. The honoring of Yuri Gagarin’s first spaceflight in Stuttgart started in 2007 and resulted in one of the largest events outside the US, with five parties following in 2008, 2009, 2010, 2012 and 2013. The Stuttgart event was originally organized as space party for an audience at the age of 20 and beyond including informative aspects at the afternoon and a following party far into the night. Since 2010 the focus of the Yuri’s Night Stuttgart is to bring awareness of space exploration to people of all ages, including particularly many participatory hands-on space activities for kids and families that attract hundreds of visitors every year. As much as Yuri’s Night is a worldwide party, the events in Stuttgart successfully concentrate on educational aspects that help to inspire new generations of space enthusiasts who will ultimately shape the future of space exploration. It is therefore not only a look back to one of the greatest achievements of the 20th Century, but it is also a look into the future: from multinational cooperation on the International Space Station to benefit of space flight to the introduction of the next generation of space technology. This paper will introduce the celebrations of Yuri’s Night in Stuttgart of the past four years and compare them to the early events. It provides a summary of the development of the Yuri’s Night including educational aspects, public relations and media attraction and gives

  16. Validation of reference genes from Eucalyptus spp. under different stress conditions

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Moura Jullyana Cristina Magalhães Silva

    2012-11-01

    Full Text Available Abstract Background The genus Eucalyptus consists of approximately 600 species and subspecies and has a physiological plasticity that allows some species to propagate in different regions of the world. Eucalyptus is a major source of cellulose for paper manufacturing, and its cultivation is limited by weather conditions, particularly water stress and low temperatures. Gene expression studies using quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (qPCR require reference genes, which must have stable expression to facilitate the comparison of the results from analyses using different species, tissues, and treatments. Such studies have been limited in eucalyptus. Results Eucalyptus globulus Labill, Eucalyptus urograndis (hybrid from Eucalyptus urophylla S.T. Blake X Eucalyptus grandis Hill ex-Maiden and E. uroglobulus (hybrid from E. urograndis X E. globulus were subjected to different treatments, including water deficiency and stress recovery, low temperatures, presence or absence of light, and their respective controls. Except for treatment with light, which examined the seedling hypocotyl or apical portion of the stem, the expression analyses were conducted in the apical and basal parts of the stem. To select the best pair of genes, the bioinformatics tools GeNorm and NormFinder were compared. Comprehensive analyses that did not differentiate between species, treatments, or tissue types, showed that IDH (isocitrate dehydrogenase, SAND (SAND protein, ACT (actin, and A-Tub (α-tubulin genes were the most stable. IDH was the most stable gene in all of the treatments. Conclusion Comparing these results with those of other studies on eucalyptus, we concluded that five genes are stable in different species and experimental conditions: IDH, SAND, ACT, A-Tub, and UBQ (ubiquitin. It is usually recommended a minimum of two reference genes is expression analysis; therefore, we propose that IDH and two others genes among the five identified

  17. Genetic characterization and phylogenetic relationships based on 18S rRNA and ITS1 region of small form of canine Babesia spp. from India.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Mandal, M; Banerjee, P S; Garg, Rajat; Ram, Hira; Kundu, K; Kumar, Saroj; Kumar, G V P P S Ravi

    2014-10-01

    Canine babesiosis is a vector borne disease caused by intra-erythrocytic apicomplexan parasites Babesia canis (large form) and Babesia gibsoni (small form), throughout the globe. Apart from few sporadic reports on the occurrence of B. gibsoni infection in dogs, no attempt has been made to characterize Babesia spp. of dogs in India. Fifteen canine blood samples, positive for small form of Babesia, collected from northern to eastern parts of India, were used for amplification of 18S rRNA gene (∼1665bp) of Babesia sp. and partial ITS1 region (∼254bp) of B. gibsoni Asian genotype. Cloning and sequencing of the amplified products of each sample was performed separately. Based on sequences and phylogenetic analysis of 18S rRNA and ITS1 sequences, 13 were considered to be B. gibsoni. These thirteen isolates shared high sequence identity with each other and with B. gibsoni Asian genotype. The other two isolates could not be assigned to any particular species because of the difference(s) in 18S rRNA sequence with B. gibsoni and closer identity with Babesiaoccultans and Babesiaorientalis. In the phylogenetic tree, all the isolates of B. gibsoni Asian genotype formed a separate major clade named as Babesia spp. sensu stricto clade with high bootstrap support. The two unnamed Babesia sp. (Malbazar and Ludhiana isolates) clustered close together with B. orientalis, Babesia sp. (Kashi 1 isolate) and B. occultans of bovines. It can be inferred from this study that 18S rRNA gene and ITS1 region are highly conserved among 13 B. gibsoni isolates from India. It is the maiden attempt of genetic characterization by sequencing of 18S rRNA gene and ITS1 region of B. gibsoni from India and is also the first record on the occurrence of an unknown Babesia sp. of dogs from south and south-east Asia. Copyright © 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

  18. Theseus First Flight - May 24, 1996

    Science.gov (United States)

    1996-01-01

    The Theseus prototype research aircraft shows off its high aspect-ratio wing as it lifts off from Rogers Dry Lake during its first test flight from NASA's Dryden Flight Research Center, Edwards, California, on May 24, 1996. The Theseus aircraft, built and operated by Aurora Flight Sciences Corporation, Manassas, Virginia, was a unique aircraft flown at NASA's Dryden Flight Research Center, Edwards, California, under a cooperative agreement between NASA and Aurora. Dryden hosted the Theseus program, providing hangar space and range safety for flight testing. Aurora Flight Sciences was responsible for the actual flight testing, vehicle flight safety, and operation of the aircraft. The Theseus remotely piloted aircraft flew its maiden flight on May 24, 1996, at Dryden. During its sixth flight on November 12, 1996, Theseus experienced an in-flight structural failure that resulted in the loss of the aircraft. As of the beginning of the year 2000, Aurora had not rebuilt the aircraft. Theseus was built for NASA under an innovative, $4.9 million fixed-price contract by Aurora Flight Sciences Corporation and its partners, West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia, and Fairmont State College, Fairmont, West Virginia. The twin-engine, unpiloted vehicle had a 140-foot wingspan, and was constructed largely of composite materials. Powered by two 80-horsepower, turbocharged piston engines that drove twin 9-foot-diameter propellers, Theseus was designed to fly autonomously at high altitudes, with takeoff and landing under the active control of a ground-based pilot in a ground control station 'cockpit.' With the potential ability to carry 700 pounds of science instruments to altitudes above 60,000 feet for durations of greater than 24 hours, Theseus was intended to support research in areas such as stratospheric ozone depletion and the atmospheric effects of future high-speed civil transport aircraft engines. Instruments carried aboard Theseus also would be able to

  19. Theseus in Flight

    Science.gov (United States)

    1996-01-01

    The twin pusher propeller-driven engines of the Theseus research aircraft can be clearly seen in this photo, taken during a 1996 research flight at NASA's Dryden Flight Research Center, Edwards, California. The Theseus aircraft, built and operated by Aurora Flight Sciences Corporation, Manassas, Virginia, was a unique aircraft flown at NASA's Dryden Flight Research Center, Edwards, California, under a cooperative agreement between NASA and Aurora. Dryden hosted the Theseus program, providing hangar space and range safety for flight testing. Aurora Flight Sciences was responsible for the actual flight testing, vehicle flight safety, and operation of the aircraft. The Theseus remotely piloted aircraft flew its maiden flight on May 24, 1996, at Dryden. During its sixth flight on November 12, 1996, Theseus experienced an in-flight structural failure that resulted in the loss of the aircraft. As of the beginning of the year 2000, Aurora had not rebuilt the aircraft. Theseus was built for NASA under an innovative, $4.9 million fixed-price contract by Aurora Flight Sciences Corporation and its partners, West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia, and Fairmont State College, Fairmont, West Virginia. The twin-engine, unpiloted vehicle had a 140-foot wingspan, and was constructed largely of composite materials. Powered by two 80-horsepower, turbocharged piston engines that drove twin 9-foot-diameter propellers, Theseus was designed to fly autonomously at high altitudes, with takeoff and landing under the active control of a ground-based pilot in a ground control station 'cockpit.' With the potential ability to carry 700 pounds of science instruments to altitudes above 60,000 feet for durations of greater than 24 hours, Theseus was intended to support research in areas such as stratospheric ozone depletion and the atmospheric effects of future high-speed civil transport aircraft engines. Instruments carried aboard Theseus also would be able to validate satellite

  20. Theseus Waits on Lakebed for First Flight

    Science.gov (United States)

    1996-01-01

    The Theseus prototype remotely-piloted aircraft (RPA) waits on the lakebed before its first test flight from NASA's Dryden Flight Research Center, Edwards, California, on May 24, 1996. The Theseus aircraft, built and operated by Aurora Flight Sciences Corporation, Manassas, Virginia, was a unique aircraft flown at NASA's Dryden Flight Research Center, Edwards, California, under a cooperative agreement between NASA and Aurora. Dryden hosted the Theseus program, providing hangar space and range safety for flight testing. Aurora Flight Sciences was responsible for the actual flight testing, vehicle flight safety, and operation of the aircraft. The Theseus remotely piloted aircraft flew its maiden flight on May 24, 1996, at Dryden. During its sixth flight on November 12, 1996, Theseus experienced an in-flight structural failure that resulted in the loss of the aircraft. As of the beginning of the year 2000, Aurora had not rebuilt the aircraft. Theseus was built for NASA under an innovative, $4.9 million fixed-price contract by Aurora Flight Sciences Corporation and its partners, West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia, and Fairmont State College, Fairmont, West Virginia. The twin-engine, unpiloted vehicle had a 140-foot wingspan, and was constructed largely of composite materials. Powered by two 80-horsepower, turbocharged piston engines that drove twin 9-foot-diameter propellers, Theseus was designed to fly autonomously at high altitudes, with takeoff and landing under the active control of a ground-based pilot in a ground control station 'cockpit.' With the potential ability to carry 700 pounds of science instruments to altitudes above 60,000 feet for durations of greater than 24 hours, Theseus was intended to support research in areas such as stratospheric ozone depletion and the atmospheric effects of future high-speed civil transport aircraft engines. Instruments carried aboard Theseus also would be able to validate satellite-based global environmental

  1. Theseus Take-off from Rogers Dry Lake

    Science.gov (United States)

    1996-01-01

    The Theseus prototype research aircraft shows off its high aspect-ratio wing in this rear view of the aircraft as it takes off on its first test flight from NASA's Dryden Flight Research Center, Edwards, California, on May 24, 1996. The Theseus aircraft, built and operated by Aurora Flight Sciences Corporation, Manassas, Virginia, was a unique aircraft flown at NASA's Dryden Flight Research Center, Edwards, California, under a cooperative agreement between NASA and Aurora. Dryden hosted the Theseus program, providing hangar space and range safety for flight testing. Aurora Flight Sciences was responsible for the actual flight testing, vehicle flight safety, and operation of the aircraft. The Theseus remotely piloted aircraft flew its maiden flight on May 24, 1996, at Dryden. During its sixth flight on November 12, 1996, Theseus experienced an in-flight structural failure that resulted in the loss of the aircraft. As of the beginning of the year 2000, Aurora had not rebuilt the aircraft Theseus was built for NASA under an innovative, $4.9 million fixed-price contract by Aurora Flight Sciences Corporation and its partners, West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia, and Fairmont State College, Fairmont, West Virginia. The twin-engine, unpiloted vehicle had a 140-foot wingspan, and was constructed largely of composite materials. Powered by two 80-horsepower, turbocharged piston engines that drove twin 9-foot-diameter propellers, Theseus was designed to fly autonomously at high altitudes, with takeoff and landing under the active control of a ground-based pilot in a ground control station 'cockpit.' With the potential ability to carry 700 pounds of science instruments to altitudes above 60,000 feet for durations of greater than 24 hours, Theseus was intended to support research in areas such as stratospheric ozone depletion and the atmospheric effects of future high-speed civil transport aircraft engines. Instruments carried aboard Theseus also would be able

  2. Theseus Nose and Pod Cones Being Unloaded

    Science.gov (United States)

    1996-01-01

    Crew members are seen here unloading the nose and pod cones of the Theseus prototype research aircraft at NASA's Dryden Flight Research Center, Edwards, California, in May of 1996. The Theseus aircraft, built and operated by Aurora Flight Sciences Corporation, Manassas, Virginia, was a unique aircraft flown at NASA's Dryden Flight Research Center, Edwards, California, under a cooperative agreement between NASA and Aurora. Dryden hosted the Theseus program, providing hangar space and range safety for flight testing. Aurora Flight Sciences was responsible for the actual flight testing, vehicle flight safety, and operation of the aircraft. The Theseus remotely piloted aircraft flew its maiden flight on May 24, 1996, at Dryden. During its sixth flight on November 12, 1996, Theseus experienced an in-flight structural failure that resulted in the loss of the aircraft. As of the beginning of the year 2000, Aurora had not rebuilt the aircraft. Theseus was built for NASA under an innovative, $4.9 million fixed-price contract by Aurora Flight Sciences Corporation and its partners, West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia, and Fairmont State College, Fairmont, West Virginia. The twin-engine, unpiloted vehicle had a 140-foot wingspan, and was constructed largely of composite materials. Powered by two 80-horsepower, turbocharged piston engines that drove twin 9-foot-diameter propellers, Theseus was designed to fly autonomously at high altitudes, with takeoff and landing under the active control of a ground-based pilot in a ground control station 'cockpit.' With the potential ability to carry 700 pounds of science instruments to altitudes above 60,000 feet for durations of greater than 24 hours, Theseus was intended to support research in areas such as stratospheric ozone depletion and the atmospheric effects of future high-speed civil transport aircraft engines. Instruments carried aboard Theseus also would be able to validate satellite-based global environmental

  3. Modern weapons and military equipments for issue 2-2016 / Современное вооружение и военное оборудование за но. 2-2016 / Savremeno naoružanje i vojna oprema za broj 2-2016

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Dragan M. Vučković

    2016-04-01

    Full Text Available Gulf shield; Russian TV reveals torpedo-based nuclear system; Kurganets 25 family undergoing trials; Rafael refines Iron Beam ahead of procurement decision; Russian airborne forces to receive new SPRUT; Overmatch: Rheinmetall pushes to enhance tank firepower; Dead end? Wither now for Zumwalt's Advanced Gun System; Turkey test armed UAV for first time; Possible J-16 EW variant makes its maiden flight; Geotech details through-wall detection systems. / Иранске балистичке ракете; Руски нуклеарни торпедо; Кургањец 25 на тестирању; Израелски ласерски систем; Руске ваздушнодесантне јединице добијају SPRUT; Немци развијају нови тенковски топ; Напредни топовски систем на броду Zumwalt; Турска тестира по први пут тестира наоружане беспилотне летелице; Први лет кинеског J-16 EW; Нови системи детекције кроз зидове.

  4. India's mission to Mars cost less than the movie Gravity: Multidimensional View in Engineering Education

    Science.gov (United States)

    Rani, Meenu; Kumar, Pawan; Vandana, Vandana

    2016-07-01

    Over the years, Mars has been the centre of attraction for science fiction writers, Hollywood movie makers, astrologers, astronomers and the scientific community. For scientists and technologists, Mars continues to be an enigma. This is essentially because even tough humans have dreamt for long about human colonisation of Mars. Indian space programme had a very humble beginning during the early 1960s. India launched its first satellite in 1975 with assistance from the erstwhile USSR. India achieved the status of space-faring nation2 by 1980, and by the end of 2014 has launched around 75 satellites. India has become the first nation to reach Mars on its maiden attempt after its Mars Orbiter Mission completed its 10-month journey and successfully entered the Red Planet's orbit. The Mars Orbiter Mission, a low-cost 74 million project, blasted off from Earth on November 5, 2013, aboard an Indian Polar Satellite Launch Vehicle. At its initial stage, the rocket booster placed the probe into Earth's orbit before the craft fired the engines to break free of Earth's gravity en route to Mars. This is India's first mission into such deep space to search for evidence of life on the Red Planet. But the mission's primary objective is technological-if successful, the country will be joining an elite club of nations: the United States, Russia and Europe. India is becoming known for low-cost innovation in diverse fields such as healthcare and education. The technological capability being demonstrated and the knowledge gained from the operations of the mission will be invaluable in future developments and also in the training of the flight operations and mission control staff. All of this capability can be carried forward to future launches and operations. The sustained presence of methane observed by previous missions suggests that an active production mechanism is at work, most likely tectonic in nature, although there are some suggestions that it may point to a biological origin

  5. GeneLab: A Systems Biology Platform for Spaceflight Omics Data

    Science.gov (United States)

    Reinsch, Sigrid S.; Lai, San-Huei; Chen, Rick; Thompson, Terri; Berrios, Daniel; Fogle, Homer; Marcu, Oana; Timucin, Linda; Chakravarty, Kaushik; Coughlan, Joseph

    2015-01-01

    NASA's mission includes expanding our understanding of biological systems to improve life on Earth and to enable long-duration human exploration of space. Resources to support large numbers of spaceflight investigations are limited. NASA's GeneLab project is maximizing the science output from these experiments by: (1) developing a unique public bioinformatics database that includes space bioscience relevant "omics" data (genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, and metabolomics) and experimental metadata; (2) partnering with NASA-funded flight experiments through bio-sample sharing or sample augmentation to expedite omics data input to the GeneLab database; and (3) developing community-driven reference flight experiments. The first database, GeneLab Data System Version 1.0, went online in April 2015. V1.0 contains numerous flight datasets and has search and download capabilities. Version 2.0 will be released in 2016 and will link to analytic tools. In 2015 Genelab partnered with two Biological Research in Canisters experiments (BBRIC-19 and BRIC-20) which examine responses of Arabidopsis thaliana to spaceflight. GeneLab also partnered with Rodent Research-1 (RR1), the maiden flight to test the newly developed rodent habitat. GeneLab developed protocols for maxiumum yield of RNA, DNA and protein from precious RR-1 tissues harvested and preserved during the SpaceX-4 mission, as well as from tissues from mice that were frozen intact during spaceflight and later dissected. GeneLab is establishing partnerships with at least three planned flights for 2016. Organism-specific nationwide Science Definition Teams (SDTs) will define future GeneLab dedicated missions and ensure the broader scientific impact of the GeneLab missions. GeneLab ensures prompt release and open access to all high-throughput omics data from spaceflight and ground-based simulations of microgravity and radiation. Overall, GeneLab will facilitate the generation and query of parallel multi-omics data, and

  6. The Evolution of Utilizing Manual Throttles to Avoid Excessively Low LH2 NPSP at the SSME Inlet

    Science.gov (United States)

    Henfling, Rick

    2011-01-01

    In the late 1970s, years before the Space Shuttle flew its maiden voyage, it was understood low liquid hydrogen (LH2) Net Positive Suction Pressure (NPSP) at the inlet to the Space Shuttle Main Engine (SSME) could have adverse effects on engine operation. A number of failures within both the External Tank (ET) and the Orbiter Main Propulsion System (MPS) could result in a low LH2 NPSP condition, which at extremely low levels can result in cavitation of SSME turbomachinery. Operational workarounds were developed to take advantage of the onboard crew s ability to manually throttle down the SSMEs (via the Pilot s Speedbrake/Throttle Controller), which alleviated the low LH2 NPSP condition. Manually throttling the SSME to a lower power level resulted in an increase in NPSP, mainly due to the reduction in frictional flow losses while at the lower throttle setting. Early in the Space Shuttle Program s history, the relevant Flight Rule for the Booster flight controllers in Mission Control did not distinguish between ET and Orbiter MPS failures and the same crew action was taken for both. However, after a review of all Booster operational techniques following the Challenger disaster in the late 1980s, it was determined manually throttling the SSME to a lower power was only effective for Orbiter MPS failures and the Flight Rule was updated to reflect this change. The Flight Rule and associated crew actions initially called for a single throttle step to minimum power level when a low threshold for NPSP was met. As engineers refined their understanding of the NPSP requirements for the SSME (through a robust testing program), the operational techniques evolved to take advantage of the additional capabilities. This paper will examine the evolution of the Flight rule and associated procedure and how increases in knowledge about the SSME and the Space Shuttle vehicle as a whole have helped shape their development. What once was a single throttle step when NPSP decreased to a

  7. The Evolution of Utilizing Manual Throttling to Avoid Excessively Low LH2 NPSP at the SSME Inlet

    Science.gov (United States)

    Henfling, Rick

    2010-01-01

    In the late 1970s, years before the Space Shuttle flew its maiden voyage, it was understood low liquid hydrogen (LH2) Net Positive Suction Pressure (NPSP) at the inlet to the Space Shuttle Main Engine (SSME) could have adverse effects on engine operation. A number of failures within both the External Tank (ET) and the Orbiter Main Propulsion System (MPS) could result in a low LH2 NPSP condition, which at extremely low levels can result in cavitation of SSME turbomachinery. Operational workarounds were developed to take advantage of the onboard crew s ability to manually throttle down the SSMEs (via the Pilot s Speedbrake/Throttle Controller), which alleviated the low LH2 NPSP condition. Manually throttling the SSME to a lower power level resulted in an increase in NPSP, mainly due to the reduction in frictional flow losses while at the lower throttle setting. Early in the Space Shuttle Program s history, the relevant Flight Rule for the Booster flight controller in Mission Control did not distinguish between ET and Orbiter MPS failures and the same crew action was taken for both. However, after a review of all Booster operational techniques following the Challenger disaster in the late 1980s, it was determined manually throttling the SSME to a lower power was only effective for Orbiter MPS failures and the Flight Rule was updated to reflect this change. The Flight Rule and associated crew actions initially called for a single throttle step to minimum power level when a low threshold for NPSP was met. As engineers refined their understanding of the NPSP requirements for the SSME (through a robust testing program), the operational techniques evolved to take advantage of the additional capabilities. This paper will examine the evolution of the Flight rule and associated procedure and how increases in knowledge about the SSME and the Space Shuttle vehicle as a whole have helped shape their development. What once was a single throttle step when NPSP decreased to a

  8. Bilimsel Toplantı Duyuruları

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Adli Tıp Uzmanları Derneği ATUD

    2000-04-01

    Full Text Available 1\tIV. Adli Bilimler Kongresi 10-13 Mayıs 2000, İstanbul İ.Ü. İstanbul Tıp Fakültesi Adli Tıp AD ve Adli Tıp Uzmanlan Derneği (ATUD İletişim: Dr. Eren Karpuzoğlu, İ.Ü. İstanbul Tıp Fakültesi Adli Tıp AD 34390, Çapa, İstanbul Tel:0-212-6351179 2\tVth International Conference On Pediatric Trauma 17-20 Haziran 2000 Vail, Colorado, ABD Dr. Burton Harris Tel: (719 365-5888 e-mail: bharris@memhospcs.org 3\tInternational Assoc, for Identification Annual Conference July 23-29, 2000 Embassy Suites, Charleston, WV Contact: Candy Murray 20601 Netherland St. Orlando, FL 32833 (407 568-7436 conference@theiai.org 4\tDeath and the Maiden - Murder and Rape Investigation. Summer Meeting of the Forensic Science Society. 7-\t9 July 2000. College of Ripon and York, St John, York, North Yorkshire, U.K. 5\tThe 13th World Congress on Medical Law 6-\t10 August, 2000 World Association for Medical Law Helsinki, Finland. contact Stakes/Eva Lindbergh, Siltasaarenkatu 18, P.O. Box 220, FIN-0053, Helsinki, Finland, phone +358 9 3967 2173, FAX +358 9 3967 2030, email: eva.lindberg@stakes.fi 6\t5th International Conference in Clinical Forensic Medicine of the World Police Medical Officers. 16-20 August 2000. WPMO 2000, 568-999 Canada Place, Vancouver, BC, Canada, V6C 3E1. 7\t16th meeting of the International Association of Forensic Sciences. 1-7 September 2000 Convention Center Le Corum, Montpellier, France. Contact: Societe Internationale de Congres et Services, 337, rue de la Combe Caude, 34090 Montpellier, France. Tel +33 (04 67 63 53 40. Fax +33 (04 67 41 94 27. E-mail algcsi@mnet.fr 8\tCrime Scene Technology Workshop 3 Advanced Techniques September 25-29, 2000 Portland, OR Contact: Registrar Northwestern University, Traffic Institute 405 Church St. Evanston, IL 60201 (800 323-4011 9\tJoint Meeting with the Forensic Science Service: - Crimes of the Millennium. 3-\t5 November 2000. Stakis Hotel, Bromsgrove, Birmingham. Convener; Mike Loveland. Details

  9. W. T. Stead and the Eastern Question (1875-1911; or, How to Rouse England and Why?

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Stéphanie Prévost

    2013-04-01

    Full Text Available W. T. Stead, who had viewed his appointment as editor of the new Darlington daily, the' Northern Echo', in 1871 as ‘a glorious opportunity of attacking the devil’, took up many crusades beyond that of the ‘Maiden Tribute’. Among the career-long causes that allowed him to ‘attack the devil’, one holds a special place: the suffering of Ottoman Christians, in particular Balkan Slavs and Armenians, at the hands of their tutelary authority, the Sultan, whom Stead did not recoil from calling ‘the Eastern ogre’ at the time of two episodes of atrocities, first against Bulgarians in 1876, and then against Armenians twenty years later. Indeed, on Stead’s own avowal, the Bulgarian agitation ‘made [him]’. Undeniably, the denunciation of this episode of ‘atrocities’ put him on the journalistic map, eventually winning him the esteem of leading Liberal statesmen and the position of assistant editor at the 'Pall Mall Gazette' in 1880. Although Stead’s early interest in the Ottoman Empire has received some attention, his career-long commitment to the Eastern Question (1875–1911 remains understudied, including the fact that, in 1911, he was cordially entertained by the successor of Sultan Abdul Hamid, whom he had assimilated to the ‘Eastern ogre’ only a few years earlier. Assuming that Stead’s early coverage of the ‘Bulgarian atrocities’ in 1876 proved a defining moment for him, this article contends that his understanding of the Eastern Question was largely dictated by those writings that proved of utmost help ‘in some of the critical moments of his life’, namely, the Bible, Thomas Carlyle’s 'Cromwell', and the work of the American poet and ambassador, James Russell Lowell. Delving into Stead’s mind, to paraphrase the title of David Bebbington’s 2004 study on Gladstone ('The Mind of Gladstone: Religion, Homer and Politics', will enable us to shed light on the reasons why the Eastern Question appealed to Stead as

  10. Avaliação comparativa de iscas atrativas a partir da riqueza de espécies de formigas (Hymenoptera: Formicidae numa floresta de Eucalyptus grandis, em Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Jardel Boscardin

    2011-10-01

    Full Text Available O presente estudo objetivou avaliar diferentes iscas atrativas, buscando eficiência quanto à riqueza de espécies de formigas epigéicas, potenciais bioindicadores da qualidade ambiental, em uma área antropizada, com Eucalyptus grandis Hill ex. Maiden (Myrtaceae, com 16 anos, e aproximadamente cinco hectares, localizada no campus da Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, em Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul. As coletas foram realizadas utilizando-se cinco tipos de iscas: sardinha com óleo (SO, sardinha com tomate (ST, patê de frango (FR, patê de fígado de frango (FG e atum sólido (AT distribuídas aleatoriamente na área, em intervalos de cinco metros, com cinco repetições, totalizando 25 unidades experimentais, amostradas a cada estação do ano, de novembro de 2007 a agosto de 2008. Após 60 minutos de exposição, todo o material presente sobre a armadilha foi recolhido e acondicionado em recipientes com álcool 70 % e em seguida, encaminhado ao laboratório de entomologia para separação em morfo-espécies para posterior identificação. Coletaram-se 3072 indivíduos, distribuídos em 14 espécies pertencentes a oito gêneros e quatro subfamílias. Não houve diferença estatística significativa entre as riquezas médias observadas de espécies nas iscas (DMS = 2,3252 ; g.l. = 19, p > 0,05. A isca constituída de sardinha com óleo apresentou maior riqueza média observada de espécies (SM = 5,75, porém a isca a base de patê de fígado de frango apresentou maior riqueza de espécies (S = 13, sendo que, Pseudomyrmex termitarius ocorreu somente nestas duas. Das espécies amostradas, nenhuma apresentou preferência por uma única isca atrativa específica, espécies de Brachymyrmex, Camponotus, Pheidole, Wasmannia e Solenopsis foram comuns nas cinco iscas. Portanto, no momento da escolha de uma das iscas avaliadas para a realização da amostragem de formigas epigéicas, sugere-se ponderar, além da riqueza específica, a não- presen

  11. E-st@r-I experience: Valuable knowledge for improving the e-st@r-II design

    Science.gov (United States)

    Corpino, S.; Obiols-Rabasa, G.; Mozzillo, R.; Nichele, F.

    2016-04-01

    Many universities all over the world have now established hands-on education programs based on CubeSats. These small and cheap platforms are becoming more and more attractive also for other-than-educational missions, such as technology demonstration, science applications, and Earth observation. This new paradigm requires the development of adequate technology to increase CubeSat performance and mission reliability, because educationally-driven missions have often failed. In 2013 the ESA Education Office launched the Fly Your Satellite! Programme which aims at increasing CubeSat mission reliability through several actions: to improve design implementation, to define best practices for conducting the verification process, and to make the CubeSat community aware of the importance of verification. Within this framework, the CubeSat team at Politecnico di Torino developed the e-st@r-II CubeSat as follow-on of the e-st@r-I satellite, launched in 2012 on the VEGA Maiden Flight. E-st@r-I and e-st@r-II are both 1U satellites with educational and technology demonstration objectives: to give hands-on experience to university students and to test an active attitude determination and control system based on inertial and magnetic measurements with magnetic actuation. This paper describes the know-how gained thanks to the e-st@r-I mission, and how this heritage has been translated into the improvement of the new CubeSat in several areas and lifecycle phases. The CubeSat design has been reviewed to reduce the complexity of the assembly procedure and to deal with possible failures of the on-board computer, for example re-coding the software in the communications subsystem. New procedures have been designed and assessed for the verification campaign accordingly to ECSS rules and with the support of ESA specialists. Different operative modes have been implemented to handle some anomalies observed during the operations of the first satellite. A new version of the on-board software is

  12. [Compositae dermatitis].

    Science.gov (United States)

    Jovanović, Marina; Poljacki, Mirjana

    2003-01-01

    Compositae dermatitis is an allergic contact dermatitis caused by plant species of the Compositae family. The first report of a cutaneous reaction to the Chrysanthemum genus was made by Howe JS in 1887. In 1895 Maiden JH reported about skin lesions among men working with Tagetes minuta. Case reports of contact allergic-ragweed dermatitis appeared in the American literature as early as 1919. The North American feverfew--Parthenium Hysterophorus was brought to India from America in 1956 and it caused thousands of cases of so-called parthenium dermatitis. Ragweed and parthenium dermatitis became prototypes for the classic, so-called "airborne" Compositae dermatitis, that affects primarily exposed skin surfaces, and produces a universal erythroderma. The frequency of contact allergy to Compositae in Europe is higher than previously believed. It occurs most frequently in middle-aged and elderly persons, but also in all age groups. During the two past decades a more equal sex ratio has been established. The prevalence varies from 0.7-1.4% in the general population, up to 4.5% among occupationally exposed persons. Compositae allergy is among the top ten contact sensitivities in Europe. In North Europe plants were the cause of 4.4% cases of occupational allergic contact dermatitis. ETIOLOGY AND PATHOGENESIS: Among cultivated Compositae plants, Chrysanthemum is considered to be a major sensitizer in Europe (60%). Among the edible types, it is lettuce--Lactuca sativa and endive Cichorium endivia (20-30%), and wild-growing feverfew--Tanace--tum parthenium (70-90%), tansy--Tanacetum vulgare (54%), and dandelion--Taraxacum officinale (65%). Sesquiterpene lactones are the main sensitizers of the Compositae family. Other components, thiophenes and acetylenes are said to elicit only phytophotodermatitis, but recent studies have demonstrated that some thiophenes and benzofuran derivates possess not only phototoxic activity, but also sensitizing properties. Photosensitivity is

  13. Obituary: Glenn M. Frye (1926-2007)

    Science.gov (United States)

    Fickinger, William

    2011-12-01

    Glenn M. Frye, professor emeritus of physics at Case Western Reserve University, died in January 2007. His research interests at Case centered on the detection and identification of cosmic rays at the top of the atmosphere. Glenn was born in Michigan in 1926. He completed both his undergraduate and graduate studies at the University of Michigan. After earning his doctorate in 1950, he joined the nuclear physics research staff at Los Alamos Scientific Laboratory. Frye's research changed direction when he joined Fred Reines, who was also at LASL, in a cosmic ray experiment. In 1959, Reines moved east to become chair of the Case Institute of Technology physics department, and the following year Frye joined him there. The first years at Case Tech were devoted to the development of the rather complex spark chamber detectors which were destined to be suspended from high altitude balloons. Frye s experiments would be carried by the winds for hundreds of miles at altitudes greater than thirty miles, in both the northern and southern hemispheres. The maiden flights were launched in 1965 from the Palestine, Texas National Center for Atmospheric Research Balloon Base. The object was to search for gammas in the 30 to 500 MeV range coming from discrete point sources. Three years later the Frye team, along with collaborators from the University of Melbourne, reported success in this search. In a later Texas flight, high energy gammas were observed to come from the direction of the Crab Nebula, and, much more significantly, they arrived in the correct one millisecond bin of the known thirty millisecond period of the responsible pulsar. In later flights, involving ever more sophisticated detection schemes, Frye and his team collected valuable data on energetic gamma rays emitted by a dozen other sources. Through the 1970s and 1980s, they employed detectors with improved sensitivity and directionality to determine the energy distribution of cosmic gammas. With the participation of

  14. Effects of Urban Waste and Mineral Fertilizers Applications on Eucalyptus grandis Growth and Soil Conditions Efeito da Aplicação de Lixo Urbano Compostado e de Adubos Minerais no Solo e na Produtividade de Eucalyptus grandis

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Guilherme de Castro Andrade

    2011-03-01

    Full Text Available

    Forest plantations have been studied as a potential ecosystem able to absorb organic residues as fertilizers or soil conditioners. This study evaluate the effects of the application of composted organic waste and mineral fertilizers in a Eucalyptus grandis (W. Hill ex Maiden plantation with 86 months of age in Neossolo Quartzarênico. It was analyzed wood production, litter decomposition and the physical and chemical changes in the soil properties. It was observed that the municipal composted organic wastes resulted in an increase of 45.6% in wood volume, as compared to the control. It also increase the velocity of the litter
    decomposition on average of 28% and 16% for leaves and twigs respectively, increasing the pH level values and the availability of water in the soil (from 13% to 25% more available water in the first layer of the soil, 0 -10 cm. 
    As florestas têm sido estudadas como ecossistemas aptos à absorver resíduos orgânicos, utilizados como fertilizantes e condicionadores do solo. Este trabalho avaliou no Município de Itatinga, SP, em Neossolo Quartzarênico, os efeitos da aplicação de lixo urbano compostado e da adubação mineral em plantações de Eucalyptus grandis com 86 meses de idade. Foram analisadas as produtividades de madeira, a decomposição da serapilheira e as propriedades químicas e físicas do
    solo. Verificou-se que a aplicação de lixo urbano aumentou a produtividade de E. grandis com relação à testemunha, com um ganho de 45,6 % no volume cilíndrico de madeira. O solo com aplicação de lixo urbano apresentou um menor tempo de decomposição da serapilheira, em média com reduções de 28 % para folhas e de 16 % para galhos, com aumentos no pH e na água disponível no solo de 13 % a 25 %, na camada de 0 a 10 cm de profundidade, que podem justificar a maior
    produção de madeira obtida no final da rotação, em

  15. GPS Navigation for the Magnetospheric Multi-Scale Mission

    Science.gov (United States)

    Bamford, William; Mitchell, Jason; Southward, Michael; Baldwin, Philip; Winternitz, Luke; Heckler, Gregory; Kurichh, Rishi; Sirotzky, Steve

    2009-01-01

    In 2014. NASA is scheduled to launch the Magnetospheric Multiscale Mission (MMS), a four-satellite formation designed to monitor fluctuations in the Earth's magnetosphere. This mission has two planned phases with different orbits (1? x 12Re and 1.2 x 25Re) to allow for varying science regions of interest. To minimize ground resources and to mitigate the probability of collisions between formation members, an on-board orbit determination system consisting of a Global Positioning System (GPS) receiver and crosslink transceiver was desired. Candidate sensors would be required to acquire GPS signals both below and above the constellation while spinning at three revolutions-per-minute (RPM) and exchanging state and science information among the constellation. The Intersatellite Ranging and Alarm System (IRAS), developed by Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC) was selected to meet this challenge. IRAS leverages the eight years of development GSFC has invested in the Navigator GPS receiver and its spacecraft communication expertise, culminating in a sensor capable of absolute and relative navigation as well as intersatellite communication. The Navigator is a state-of-the-art receiver designed to acquire and track weak GPS signals down to -147dBm. This innovation allows the receiver to track both the main lobe and the much weaker side lobe signals. The Navigator's four antenna inputs and 24 tracking channels, together with customized hardware and software, allow it to seamlessly maintain visibility while rotating. Additionally, an extended Kalman filter provides autonomous, near real-time, absolute state and time estimates. The Navigator made its maiden voyage on the Space Shuttle during the Hubble Servicing Mission, and is scheduled to fly on MMS as well as the Global Precipitation Measurement Mission (GPM). Additionally, Navigator's acquisition engine will be featured in the receiver being developed for the Orion vehicle. The crosslink transceiver is a 1/4 Watt transmitter

  16. Organogênese in vitro a partir de explante caulinar na regeneração de clones de Eucalyptus grandis W. Hill ex Maiden X E. urophylla S. T. Blake In vitro regeneration from stem explants of Eucalyptus grandis x E. urophylla clones through organogenesis

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Elisa Cristina Soares de Carvalho Alves

    2004-10-01

    Full Text Available Com o objetivo de testar a regeneração in vitro por organogênese a partir de explante caulinar de três clones híbridos de Eucalyptus grandis x Eucalyptus urophylla, foram avaliados os efeitos dos reguladores de crescimento TDZ [1-fenil-3-(1,2,3-tiadiazol-5-iluréia], BAP (6-benzilaminopurina e ANA (ácido naftalenoacético. De modo geral, pôde-se observar resposta diferenciada dos clones quanto a intensidade, textura, coloração e grau de oxidação dos calos, em função dos tratamentos com os reguladores de crescimento. Os melhores resultados de calejamento foram dos tratamentos com a combinação dos reguladores de crescimento TDZ (0,5 mg L-1 e ANA (0,1 mg L-1, obtendo-se 100% de calejamento no explante caulinar. Houve a formação de estruturas nodulares compactas, principalmente na extremidade dos explantes caulinares, sendo essas regiões responsáveis pela regeneração de gemas adventícias. Em relação à regeneração, a melhor resposta foi obtida com 1,0 mg L-1 BAP.With the objective of testing in vitro regeneration through organogenesis from stem explants of three hybrid clones of Eucalyptus grandis x Eucalyptus urophylla, the effects of the growth regulators TDZ [1-phenil-3-(1, 2, 3-thiadiazol-5-ilurea], BAP (6-benzilaminopurine and NAA (Naphthalene acetic acid were evaluated. In general, a differentiated clone response in relation to intensity, texture, color and oxidation degree of calli was observed due to growth regulator treatments. The best results in callus formation were recorded for the treatments with the combination TDZ (0,5 mg L-1 and ANA (0,1 mg L-1, achieving 100% of callus formation from the stem explants. Compact node structures appeared mainly in the extremities of the stem explants, being those areas responsible for the regeneration of adventitious buds. The best regeneration response was obtained with 1,0 mg L-1 BAP.

  17. Bilimsel Toplantı Duyuruları

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Adli Tıp Uzmanları Derneği ATUD

    1999-12-01

    Full Text Available 1\tIV. Adli Bilimler Kongresi 10-\t13 Mayıs 2000, İstanbul İ.LJ. İstanbul Tıp Fakültesi Adli Tıp AD ve Adli Tıp Uzmanlan Demeği (ATIJD İletişim: Dr. Eren Karpuzoğlu, İ.Ü. İstanbul Tıp Fakültesi Adli Tıp AD 34390, Çapa, İstanbul Tel:0-212-6351179 2\t15th International Conference on Alcohol, Drugs and Traffic Safety 13 May 22-26, 2000, Conference secretariat, c/o The Swedish National Road Admin. SE 781-87 Borlange, Sweden e mail: 72000@vv.se 3\tXV:Ulusal Patoloji Sempozyumu 24-27 Mayıs 2000 Türk Patoloji Derneği Sol Belvil Oteli, Belek/ANTALYA Faks: (0212 631 1.3 67 Web adress: www.tpd.org.tr 4\tDNA Forensics May 31-June 2, 2000, Cambridge Healthteclı Institute 1037 Chestnut Street, Newton Upper Falls, MA 02164 Tel: 617-630-1300 Fax: 617-630-1325 E-Mail: chi@healthtech.com 5\tAAFS Annual Meeting. Association for Crime Scene Reconstruction Training Conference 1999- 14-16 June 2000 Netherlands. ENFSI Forensic IT-working group meeting — Forensic IT meeting of ENFSI 6\tVth International Conference On Pediatric Trauma 17-20 Haziran 2000 Vail, Colorado, ABD Dr. Burton Harris Tel: (719 365-5888 e-mail: bharris@memhospcs.org 6\tInternational Assoc, for Identification Annual Conference July 23-29, 2000 Embassy Suites, Charleston, WV Contact: Candy Murray 20601 Netherland St. Orlando, FL 32833 (407 568-7436 conference@theiai.org 7\tDeath and the Maiden - Murder and Rape Investigation. Summer Meeting of the Forensic Science Society. 7-9 July 2000. College of Ripon and York, St John, York, North Yorkshire, U.K. 8\t5th International Conference in Clinical Forensic Medicine of the World Police Medical Officers. 16-20 August 2000. WPMO 2000, 568-999 Canada Place, Vancouver, BC, Canada, V6C 3E1. 9\tThe 13th World Congress on Medical Law 6-10 August, 2000 World Association for Medical Law Helsinki, Finland. contact Stakes/Eva Lindbergh, Siltasaarenkatu 18, P.O. Box 220, FIN-0053, Helsinki, Finland, phone +358 9 3967 2173, FAX +358 9 3967

  18. Undermining Patriarchal Ideology in African Literature: A Study of Ngozi Chuma-Udeh’s Echoes of a New Dawn

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Ujowundu Cornel O.

    2013-11-01

    Full Text Available In a patriarchal society, women are faced with all sorts of dehumanisation ranging from deprivation, negligence, maltreatment, marginalisation, oppression, subjugation, exploitation, humiliation and even isolation, all of which emanate from aspects of the people’s culture. As a result, women now cry out for such aspects of the culture that undermine their wellbeing and emancipation to be eradicated. They, therefore, struggle for equality and emancipation in the male dominated society, especially the African society under study here. In this direction, literature becomes a tool for them to create awareness that the modern African woman through educational attainments is not just fighting for rights and privileges but also for something that must let the society understand that the women demand equal opportunities as human beings. Literature has, therefore, become a tool used to reflect the harsh realities of human lives, especially by the female writers like Ngozi Chuma-Udeh and some others concerning the socio-political, economic and religious realities of the womenfolk. Since literature has been found a veritable source of inspiration for national consciousness, it has become part of human life and existence, offering light, giving meaning and interpretation to man and his society as he struggles and aspires for a desired and cherished future. In the African society, for instance, women are seen not heard. They live under the shadows of men form their maiden homes to their matrimonial homes hence, they are regarded as second class citizens. They are usually neglected as their opinions are never sought before decisions are taken even in matters that directly affect them. In marriage, proposals are made to their fathers, or other male members of the family in the event of the father’s death. In fact, in the African society, which is under study here, women are seen as mere tools of necessity-housewives, child bearers, gratifiers of men

  19. PREFACE: Quark Matter 2008

    Science.gov (United States)

    Jan-e~Alam; Subhasis~Chattopadhyay; Tapan~Nayak

    2008-10-01

    Institute (Kolkata) Brookhaven National Laboratory (Upton) Danfysik, Department of Science and Technology (New Delhi) Elsevier B V (Amsterdam) Government of Rajasthan European Organization for Nuclear Research (Geneva) Gesellschaft fur Schwerionenforschung (Darmstadt) Hewlett-Packard Indian Institute of Astrophysics (Bangalore) Institute of Physics (Bhubaneswar) IOP Publishing (Bristol) Merint Infrastructure Ltd. Rajasthan Travel service (Jaipur) RIKEN-BNL Research Centre (Upton) Saha Institute of Nuclear Physics (Kolkata) Tata Institute of Fundamental Research (Mumbai) The Institute of Mathematical Sciences (Chennai) Variable Energy Cyclotron Centre (Kolkata) Without the generous support of these organizations it would not have been possible to organize the conference successfully. Jaipur is a city of valour, of battles won and lost, of the vanquished and the victors; Jaipur is a city of legends and romance. Now Jaipur is also a city of carnival; carnival in the world of quarks and gluons with the beautiful maiden ALICE gracing the quarkland.

  20. L'Élevage et l'Utilisation des Animaux Pendant le Néolithique Moyen à Vadastra (Roumanie

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Basile GHETIE

    2009-10-01

    Full Text Available RESUMEN: Con el desarrollo del óptimo climático en el Bajo Danubio, se produce una expansión de las formas de vida. En el Neolítico medio, algunas familias, cuya prinepal ocupación era la domesticación y la agricultura, se establecieron en VSdastra, donde el medio natural les ofrecía numerosas posibilidades de existencia. En VSdastra 1 los huesos de animales domesticados pertenecen a las siguientes especies: bóvidos (casi el 60 %; animales ovinos (casi el 20 % y el resto de animales caprinos, porcinos, y cánidos. Durante el Vadastra II, los huesos de animales domésticos pertenecientes a las mismas especies, se han encontrado en grandes cantidades. Ello es explicable por un proceso de desarrollo de la comunidad paralelo a un desarrollo económico. En esta época se introduce el caballo como animal de silla. El estudio de los huesos de los animales domesticados, descubiertos en Vadastra y otros yacimientos nos ha permitido un mejor conocimiento relativo a la utilización de animales durante el Neolítico medio en el Bajo Danubio testimonio del progreso económico en el V milenio a. C.ABSTRACT: When the climatic Optimum developed on the Lower Danube, the populations began to spread. In the Middle Neolithic a few families of cattle breeders and tillers of the soil settled at Vadastra. on Mãgura Fetelor (Maidens'Hillock and on Dealul Cismelei (Fountain's Hill as the geo-biotic environment afforded favourable living conditions. And in order to place their possessions —particularly the cattle— in safety, the settlement was surrounded by a ditch, playing the same part as a fence. In the Vadastra I phase the bones of domestic animals belong to the following species: bovines (circa 60 %, ovine animals (circa 20 % and the rest caprine animals, porcines, canine animals. The bovines were bred for milk, flesh, hides and bones but particularly as traction animals for farming. The ovine or caprine animals were bred in the first place for hides

  1. Uranium exploration (2004-2014): New discoveries, new resources

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Polack, C.

    2014-01-01

    The last decade has demonstrated the dynamic of the mining industry to respond of the need of the market to explore and discover new deposits. For the first time in the uranium industry, the effort was conducted not only by the majors but by numerous junior mining companies, more than 800 companies where involved. Junior miners introduced new methodologies, innovations and fresh approach. Working mainly on former prospects of the 70’s and 80’s they discovered new deposits, transformed historical resources into compliant resources and reserves and developed new large resources in Africa, North America and Australia. In Australia, the Four Mile, Mt Gee, Samphire (SA), Mount Isa (Qld), Mulga Rock, Wiluna-Lake Maitland, Carley Bore-Yanrey-Manyingee (WA) projects were all advanced to compliant resources or reserves by junior mining companies. In Canada, activity was mainly focused on Athabasca basin, Newfoundland and Québec, the results are quite amazing. In the Athabasca 2 new deposits were identified, Roughrider and Patterson South Lake, Whilst in Québec the Matouch project and in New Foundland the Michelin project are showing good potential. In Namibia, alaskite and surficial deposits, extended the model of the Dalmaradian Central belt with the extension of rich alaskite of Z20, Husab, Omahola and large deposits of Etango and Norasa. A new mine commenced production Langer Heinrich and two are well advanced on way to production: Trekkopje and Husab. The ISL model continues its success in Central Asia with large discoveries in Mongolia and China. Europe has been revisited by some juniors with an increase of resources in Spain (Salamanca) and Slovakia (Kuriskova). Some countries entered into the uranium club with maiden resources namely Mali (Falea), Mauritania and Peru (Macusani caldeira). The Karoo formation revitalised interest for exploration within Paraguay, South Africa (Rieskuil), Botswana (Lethlakane), Zambia (Mutanga, Chirundu) and the exploitation

  2. Des apparences fantasmées dans les fabliaux érotiques

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Sophie Poitral

    2008-08-01

    . Transvestism, for one thing, operates differently according to sex. Men passing themselves off as women trick unsuspicious husbands, freeing the way for their cunning wives wanting to commit adultery, whilst females dressed as males underscore the question of sex and power in marital relations as well as society. In much the same way, parodic disguises are a means of concealing the deceiver’s identity and allow for strings of grotesque situations which turn to the trickster’s advantage. The erotic mirage calls into question the gaze of the viewer, fallen prey to an eye illusion. Finally, language is used to transform genitals, thus constituting a threat to innocent maidens.

  3. Propriedades de chapas de flocos fabricadas com adesivo de uréia-formaldeído e de taninos da casca de Eucalyptus grandis W. Hill ex Maiden ou de Eucalyptus pellita F. Muell. Properties of flakeboards made from urea-formaldehyde and bark tannins adhesives of Eucalyptus grandis or Eucalyptus pellita

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Angélica de Cássia Oliveira Carneiro

    2004-10-01

    Full Text Available Os taninos foram extraídos da casca de Eucalyptus grandis e Eucalyptus pellita, com água quente, à qual se adicionaram 4,5% de sulfito de sódio, durante três horas. As temperaturas da solução foram iguais a 70 e 100 ºC para Eucalyptus grandis e Eucalyptus pellita, respectivamente. Para a produção dos adesivos e com o intuito de reduzir a sua viscosidade, os taninos foram sulfitados com sulfito de sódio e ácido acético. Formulações adesivas foram preparadas adicionando-se 0, 25, 50, 75 ou 100% de adesivos tânicos ao adesivo comercial de uréia-formaldeído. Foram fabricadas chapas de flocos de Pinus elliottii Engelm. e Eucalyptus grandis, utilizando-se 8% da formulação adesiva. As propriedades das chapas foram determinadas segundo a norma ASTM D-1037, de 1993. Observou-se que as propriedades das chapas foram superiores ao mínimo estabelecido pela norma ANSI/A 280.1-93, exceto no caso da resistência à umidade. Verificou-se, ainda, que o emprego de uma formulação adesiva contendo resina à base de uréia-formaldeído e tanino-formaldeído pode melhorar algumas propriedades.Bark tannins of Eucalyptus grandis and Eucalyptus pellita were extracted with 4,5% sodium sulfite in hot water solution for a period of three hours. Solution temperatures were 70 and 100ºC, for Eucalyptus grandis and Eucalyptus pellita bark respectively. Tannins were reacted with acetic acid and sodium sulfite to reduce adhesive viscosity. Adhesive formulations were prepared adding 0, 25, 50, 75 or 100% of tannin adhesives to the commercial urea-formaldehyde adhesive. Flakeboards were fabricated with 8% resin content. Board properties were determined according to ASTM D-1037 standards. Except for humidity, all board properties were superior to the values established by ANSI.A 208.1-93 commercial standard. Addition of tannins to the urea-formaldehyde adhesive improved some properties.

  4. Impact of the "faster better cheaper" requirements for satellites components/subsystems on SEP organisation and processes.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Pages, X.

    2000-03-01

    in the early 90's in Hall propulsion through numerous partnership with Russian, American and Italian companies and/or universities. A mature knowledge of Hall thruster functioning and technologies helped SEP to recently complete a successful qualification of their first Hall thruster. "PPS 1350" which will be in flight aboard STENTOR French technological satellite in year 2000. A cost reduction research of this new product was held in parallel to the PPS 1350 qualification, taking into account all the lessons learnt during PPS 1350 development. Its major outputs are the numerous simplifications that were found leading to dramatic cost reductions without impairing thruster performances (reliability was even improved). This improved thruster is today very favorably considered by several primes for small low earth orbit satellites. Hydrazine propulsion is an other example. In this field, which SEP decided in 1996 to accompany their customers in their move from large traditional satellites (SPOT/ERS family) to smaller, cheaper ones. To do so, SEP proposed a monolithic propulsion subsystem (patented design) in which all usual propulsion subsystem assembly devices (piping, supports, brackets…) are avoided, components being directly mounted on the propellant tank. Significant costs reduction could be offered to customers thanks to this innovation. Along with the hydrazine propulsion, SEP also modernised their solar array drive mechanisms the SEPTA's® — SEPTA 31 was qualified end 1998 and will have its maiden flight aboard CNES/ALCATEL JASONI small earth observation satellite. In summary, SEP had to make important changes in order to adapt to the market evolution, which occurred in the early 90's. There efforts implied as well organization as processes as products. First outputs are significant cost reduction; in line will the objectives. First hardware of this new generation will fly in year 2000.

  5. Candem projects 1965-1980. Vida privada y espacio doméstico

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Luz Sempere Sánchez

    2011-10-01

    domestic space to the changes in society brings about the need to constantly redefine it. This space, conceived as the cell of privacy, is exposed to all the changes that occur in the structure of families. It is also exposed to all the technological advances, which directly influence it by being "goods" available to everyone. In our present time, where even internet technology is already taking a leap into virtual space, a debate regarding the characteristics of the home is absolutely necessary.

    This article focuses on the following projects: Branch Hill, (1973. G. Benson and A. Forsyth, architects, Maiden Lane, 1976-1983 (G. Benson and A. Forsyth, architects, Alexandra Road, (1968-1979, Neave Brown, architect and Brunswick Centre (1968-1972. Sir Leslie Martin and Patrick Hodgkinson, architects. Given their specific characteristics, these projects are the most relevant to explain and transmit the construction of contemporary domestic space and the private life inside it. From this analysis, based on the study of privacy and the absence of domesticity, we hope to understand how this contemporary domestic space is built, as well as its relationship to the city. This article will compare the main concepts analyzed in each project, and will question the relationships between interior and exterior, and semi-private and semi-public.

     

  6. FEMALE IMAGES AS THE EKPHRASES OF ICONS IN THE PROSE OF A. PLATONOV

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Elena Vasil’evna Astaschenko

    2015-11-01

    Full Text Available This article examines some of the details of the three images – a wise maiden Fevronia, who in union with Peter became the symbol of family, love and loyalty, Sofia the God’s Wisdom, Evdokia, the companion of the God’s mother on «The seeking of the Lost» icon, Mary herself. Plots reeled into the ekphrasis have always existed: in the «Iliad», in the «Oath. Viewing from the wall», Helen weaves coming battles, «bright double cover, which depicts battles, the feats of horse Trojans and Danae with copper armour, in which they suffered from Atreus’s hands», in the «Aeneid» the gates of Didon are painted both with the scenes of the Troy fall and the prophecy of the meeting with Aeneas and its fate. There is a version that all Russian literature of critical realism is an ecphrasis of icons. Platonov’s icon painting images of women, in spite their incredible artistic complexity, preserve unshakable moral folk-Christian foundation. Platonov’s prosaic Yaroslavna is a clot of the poetic power of love, accumulated by the «weeping» of a Russian woman for centuries of separation – creates high intensity in the short story «Fro» without events and conversations with her husband (not taking into account the genres of monodrama and prayer. During the revolution and ubiquitous socialist construction, Platonov wrote a story about the heroes of the railway transport, this story, however, persistently refers to the theme of abused nature, family, life, everything what the author called «the substance of existence». In 1936, the writer published this story in the journal «The literary critic» after a number of significant revisions. Platonov named this story after the protagonist – «Fro». The plot and meaning of the story is transmitted both via biographies and the pathos of the builders of a new life, who do not know yet, unlike the wise author that «not only cast faith moves people, but also a quavering doubt» and

  7. Methods for Simultaneous Evaluation of Productivity, Adaptability and Genotypic Stability in Eucalyptus grandis Progeny Trials in the State of Sao Paulo Avaliação Simultânea de Produtividade, Adaptabilidade e Estabilidade Genotípica de Eucalyptus grandis em Distintos Ambientes do Estado de São Paulo

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    José Elidney Pinto Júnior

    2011-03-01

    Full Text Available

    The estimated Harmonic Mean for Genetic Values (MHVG, Relative Performance of Genetic Values (PRVG and the Harmonic Mean of Relative Performance of Genetic Values (MHPRVG were used as measures to provide and facilitate the interpretation of genotypic stability and adaptability of Eucalyptus grandis W. Hill ex Maiden. The different criteria were applied as alternatives to the simulation of selection for productivity, stability, adaptability, as well as for the joint value of these attributes together. The estimates were generated by using the mixed model, assuming genetic effects to be random. The software SELEGEN-REML/BLUP was used to evaluate progeny trials and to estimate statistical parameters. The best trees to be used in seedling and clonal orchards were identified. Fifty three half-sib families from three Australian provenances were tested in the municipalities of Mogi Guaçu, Boa Esperança do Sul and Caçapava, in the State of São Paulo. Compact family blocks designs were used, involving variable numbers of replicates, with six-trees linear plots, in a 3 x 2 m spacing. Two types of data transformation were tried in order to evaluate their efficiency in the reduction of the genetic, environmental and phenotypic variances. MHVG, PRVG and MHPRVG statistics proved to be useful in simulations for the selection of individuals with the attributes considered, providing options for choosing strategies and criteria by considering different values for the estimated genetic gains. The joint analysis of experiments in different locations confirmed that substantial gains can be obtained in DBH through individual selection based on their genetic values. This can be achieved by either thinning the trial, which leads to the formation of a seedling seed orchard or vegetative propagation of the best individuals, in order to establish a clonal seed orchard. The genetic correlation between locations indicated that a

  8. STS-49 Landing at Edwards with First Drag Chute Landing

    Science.gov (United States)

    1992-01-01

    The Space Shuttle Endeavour concludes mission STS-49 at NASA's Ames-Dryden Flight Research Facility (later redesignated Dryden Flight Research Center), Edwards, California, with a 1:57 p.m. (PDT) landing 16 May on Edward's concrete runway 22. The planned 7-day mission, which began with a launch from Kennedy Space Center, Florida, at 4:41 p.m. (PFT), 7 May, was extended two days to allow extra time to rescue the Intelsat VI satellite and complete Space Station assembly techniques originally planned. After a perfect rendezvous in orbit and numerous attempts to grab the satellite, space walking astronauts Pierre Thuot, Rick Hieb and Tom Akers successfully rescued it by hand on the third space walk with the support of mission specialists Kathy Thornton and Bruce Melnick. The three astronauts, on a record space walk, took hold of the satellite and directed it to the shuttle where a booster motor was attached to launch it to its proper orbit. Commander Dan Brandenstein and Pilot Kevin Chilton brought Endeavours's record setting maiden voyage to a perfect landing at Edwards AFB with the first deployment of a drag chute on a shuttle mission. Space Shuttles are the main element of America's Space Transportation System and are used for space research and other space applications. The shuttles are the first vehicles capable of being launched into space and returning to Earth on a routine basis. Space Shuttles are used as orbiting laboratories in which scientists and mission specialists conduct a wide variety of scientific experiments. Crews aboard shuttles place satellites in orbit, rendezvous with satellites to carry out repair missions and return them to space, and retrieve satellites and return them to Earth for refurbishment and reuse. Space Shuttles are true aerospace vehicles. They leave Earth and its atmosphere under rocket power provided by three liquid-propellant main engines with two solid-propellant boosters attached plus an external liquid-fuel tank. After their

  9. Book Reviews

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Dieuwke Wendelaar Bonga

    1998-10-01

    Petalangan. Yogyakarta: Yayasan Benteng Budaya/Ecole Francaise d’Extrême Orient/The Toyota Foundation, 1997, 818 pp. [Al Azhar and Henri Chambert-Loir (eds.] - Will Derks, Philip Yampolsky, Music from the forests of Riau and Mentawai. Recorded and compiled by Philip Yampolsky; annotated by Hanefi, Ashley Turner, and Philip Yampolsky. Washington, D.C.: Smithsonian Folkways, 1995. [Music of Indonesia 7SF; CD 40423.] - Will Derks, Philip Yampolsky, Melayu music of Sumatra and the Riau Islands: Zapin, Mak Yong, Mendu, Ronggeng. Recorded, compiled , and annotated by Philip Yampolsky. Washington D.C.: Smithsonian Folkways, 1996. [Music of Indonesia 11 SF; CD 40427.] - Rens Heringa, Roy W. Hamilton, Gift of the cotton maiden; Textiles of Flores and the Solor Islands. Los Angeles: Fowler Museum of Cultural History, University of California, 1994, 287 pp. - Bernice de Jong Boers, Willemijn de Jong, Geschlechtersymmetrie in einer Brautpreisgesellschaft; Die Stoffproduzentinnen der Lio in Indonesien. Berlin: Reimer, 1998, 341 pp. - C. de Jonge, A.Th. Boone, Bekering en beschaving; De agogische activititeiten van het Nederlandsch Zendelinggenootschap in Oost-Java (1840-1865. Zoetermeer: Boekencenturm, 1997, xiv + 222 pp. - Nico Kaptein, Peter G. Riddell, Islam; Essays on scripture, thought and society; A Festschrift in honour of Anthony H. Johns. Leiden: Brill, 1997, xliii + 361 pp., Tony Street (eds. - Hugo Klooster, Janny de Jong, Niet-westerse geschiedenis; Benaderingen en thema’s. Assen: Van Gorcum, 1998, 185 pp., Gé Prince, Hugo s’Jacob (eds. - Jean Robert Opgenort, L. Smits, The J.C. Anceaux collection of wordlists of Irian Jaya languages, B: Non-Austronesian (Papuan languages (Part I. Leiden/Jakarta: Department of Languages and Cultures of Southeast Asia and Oceania, Rijksuniversiteit Leiden/Irian Jaya Studies Interdisciplinary Research Programme (IRIS, 1994, vi + 281 pp. [Irian Jaya Source Materials 9 (Series B No. 3.], C.L. Voorhoeve (eds (eds. - Pim Schoorl, Albert

  10. Perseus A, Part of the ERAST Program, in Flight

    Science.gov (United States)

    1993-01-01

    The Perseus A remotely-piloted research vehicle flies low over Rogers Dry Lake on its maiden voyage Dec. 21, 1993, at the Dryden Flight Research Center, Edwards, California. The Perseus, designed and built by Aurora Flight Sciences Corp., was towed into the air by a ground vehicle. At about 700 ft. the aircraft was released and the engine turned the propeller to take the plane to its desired altitude. Perseus B is a remotely piloted aircraft developed as a design-performance testbed under NASA's Environmental Research Aircraft and Sensor Technology (ERAST) project. Perseus is one of several flight vehicles involved in the ERAST project. A piston engine, propeller-powered aircraft, Perseus was designed and built by Aurora Flight Sciences Corporation, Manassas, Virginia. The objectives of Perseus B's ERAST flight tests have been to reach and maintain horizontal flight above altitudes of 60,000 feet and demonstrate the capability to fly missions lasting from 8 to 24 hours, depending on payload and altitude requirements. The Perseus B aircraft established an unofficial altitude record for a single-engine, propeller-driven, remotely piloted aircraft on June 27, 1998. It reached an altitude of 60,280 feet. In 1999, several modifications were made to the Perseus aircraft including engine, avionics, and flight-control-system improvements. These improvements were evaluated in a series of operational readiness and test missions at the Dryden Flight Research Center, Edwards, California. Perseus is a high-wing monoplane with a conventional tail design. Its narrow, straight, high-aspect-ratio wing is mounted atop the fuselage. The aircraft is pusher-designed with the propeller mounted in the rear. This design allows for interchangeable scientific-instrument payloads to be placed in the forward fuselage. The design also allows for unobstructed airflow to the sensors and other devices mounted in the payload compartment. The Perseus B that underwent test and development in 1999

  11. The GalileoMobile starts its South American voyage - Astronomy education goes on tour through the Andes Mountains

    Science.gov (United States)

    2009-10-01

    and November 2009, and will cover 5000 kilometres. The voyage will largely take place across the Altiplano, or high plateau, shared by Peru, Bolivia and Chile, which is among the poorest regions in these countries. South America and the Andes Mountains were particularly chosen for the GalileoMobile Project for several reasons. IYA2009 already has a strong presence in the region through national contacts, including three Cornerstone IYA2009 projects: Developing Astronomy Globally, Universe Awareness and the Galileo Teacher Training Programme, which are all official partners of the project. Most people in Peru, Bolivia and Chile speak the same language, Spanish [1], and have a rich astronomical heritage dating back to the pre-Columbian Inca and Tiwanaku civilisations that lived on the Altiplano. The region's high elevation and the quality of its skies for astronomical observations also made it an attractive candidate for the maiden voyage of the GalileoMobile. The journey starts today 5 October 2009 in Antofagasta, Chile, with a free, public inauguration event at 19:00 in the Berta González Square at the Universidad Católica del Norte. The event, which will include observations of the night sky, is organised by ESO in collaboration with Explora II Region and the Astronomy Institute of the University. From Antofagasta the GalileoMobile heads north through La Paz in Bolivia and on into Peru. The return trip to Antofagasta goes via the Panamericana coastal road, and passes near the home of ESO's world-class observatory, the Very Large Telescope at Cerro Paranal. ESO Education and Outreach coordinator in Chile, Laura Ventura, will assist the GalileoMobile team as they greet communities throughout Chile's northern deserts. "The GalileoMobile is a wonderful initiative, and a unique opportunity to reinforce educational activities in the north of Chile and the neighbouring countries. It will promote greater awareness of astronomy and science", says Ventura. "We are looking

  12. Cluster II quartet take the stage together

    Science.gov (United States)

    1999-11-01

    This is the only occasion on which all four of ESA's Cluster II spacecraft will be on display together in Europe. Four Spacecraft, One Mission The unique event takes place near the end of the lengthy assembly and test programme, during which each individual spacecraft is being assembled in sequence, one after the other. Two have already completed their assembly and systems testing and are about to be stored in special containers at IABG prior to shipment to the Baikonur launch site in Kazakhstan next spring. In the case of the other two, flight models 5 and 8, installation of the science payloads has finished, but their exhaustive series of environmental tests at IABG have yet to begin. Following delivery to the launch site next April, the satellites will be launched in pairs in June and July 2000. Two Soyuz rockets, each with a newly designed Fregat upper stage, are being provided by the Russian-French Starsem company. This will be the first time ESA satellites have been launched from the former Soviet Union. Cluster II is a replacement for the original Cluster mission, which was lost during the maiden launch of Ariane 5 in June 1996. ESA, given the mission's importance in its overall strategy in the area of the Sun-Earth connection, decided to rebuild this unique project. ESA member states supported that proposal. On 3 April 1997, the Agency's Science Programme Committee agreed. Cluster II was born. European Teamwork Scientific institutions and industrial enterprises in almost all the 14 ESA member states and the United States are taking part in the Cluster II project. Construction of the eight Cluster / Cluster II spacecraft has been a major undertaking for European industry. Built into each 1200 kg satellite are six propellant tanks, two pressure tanks, eight thrusters, 80 metres of pipework, about 5 km of wiring, 380 connectors and more than 14 000 electrical contacts. All the spacecraft were assembled in the giant clean room at the Friedrichshafen plant of

  13. Structure and annual increase in a population of West Greenland caribou (Rangifer tarandus groenlandicus

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Henning Thing

    1982-05-01

    elainta kussakin. Useiden satojen elainten ryhmittymia nahdaan vain kesaaikana hyttyshairioiden yhteydessa. On selva vuosittaisrytmi keskiokokoisissa tokissa siten, etta niissa tapahtuu tasaista nousua keskitalvella 1,4 elainta tokkaa kohti saavuttaen huippupisteen vasomisajan jalkeen tuskin 25 elainta tokkaa kohti. Susien puute seka alueen huonojen loppuunkuluneiden ravintovarojen takia elaimilla kaikkina vuoden aikoina on hyvin pieni laumasuuruus muiden maiden peurakantaan verrattuna. Suunnilleen 50% kannasta on vuoneloja ja vuonelovaatimia (2 v +, kun taas 2-vuotiaita ja sita vanhempia uroksia on vain 10%. Uroksien osuus kannassa osoittaa selvaa vahennysta selektiivisen metsastyksen ja luonnollisen talvikuolleisuuden aiheuttamana. Kiima on heti elainten syysvaelluksen jalkeen sisamaan kesalaitumilta rannikkojen laheisia talvialueita kohti. Talvilaidunmaiden rajoitetuista ravintomahdollisuuksista huolimatta on vasominen runsaslukuista. Tama johtuu todennakoisesti erittain hyvista laidunmaista, joita loytyy alinomaa sisamaan alueella ennen vasomisaikaa ja koko kesakauden. Kesakuun vasomisessa kanta lisaantyy uusilla yksiloilla jopa 40%, mutta kahden ensimmaisen elinkuukauden jalkeen on vasojen lukumaara vahentynyt 17 - 18 %. Suuren taantumisen syyna on erikoisesti E. colibakteerien aiheuttama kulkutautimainen niveltulehdus. Vasojen kuolleisuus syyskuusta toukokuuhun on vain noin 2 - 3 %, siten etta vuoisittainen keskimaarainen lisays on n. 15%. Kun siihen otetaan muiden ikaluokkien keskimaaraisen kuolleisuuden ylaraja, tekee kannan lisays metsastyskauden alussa elokuussa ainoastaan 10%. Ensimmaisena elinvuotena on kuolleisuus samaa suuruutta (60% kuin useimmilla peurakannoilla muilla pohjoisilla alueilla (Kuv. 7. Kuitenkin Sisimiut-kannassa vasojen vahentyminen tapahtuu melkein yksinomaa kolmen ensimmaisen kuukauden kuluessa vasomisen jalkeen, kun taas vasakuolleisuus muissa peurakannoissa on tasaisemmin jakautunut kaikkien kahdentoista kuukauden osalle.

  14. The Analysis of The Starting Pattern in Nezami’s Khosrow va Shirin, Leili va Majnoun and Haft Peykar

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Tayebe Ja’fari

    2016-05-01

    on them by the collective unconscious. From the birth time, they have especial signs which cannot be seen in other babies including, having propitious fates, being intelligent and clever, being handsome in bodily appearance, being the main character in love stories_ the love without which it is impossible to reach individuality, and finally growing in a fair and civilized place.References1.      Ahmad Nezhad, Kamel (1375. Analysis of Nizami Ganjavi’s works, 2nd ed., Tehran; paya.2.      Attare Neyshaburi, Farid od-Din (1339. Khosrowname. Tehran: Razavi Institute of Scientific works.3.      Bal’ami, Abu Ali Mohammad (1353, Bal’ami’s History, Mohammad Taqi Bahar (emend., 2nd vol., 2nd ed., Tehran: Zavar. 4.      Bilsker, Richard (1384. Jung, Hossein Payande (trans., Tehran: Tarh nao. 5.      Brown, Edward (1351. Iranian literary History, GholamHosein Sadri Afshar (trans., 2nd book of 2nd vol., Tehran: Morvarid. 6.      Eliade, Micea (1356. Unwritten Literature: Myth, Folkelore, Media Kashigar (trans., Chista, no. 29, P. 686-689.7.      Faramarz Ibn Khodadad (1385. Samake Ayyar. Tehran: Agah, 8.      J. Maduro, Renaldo & Joseph .B. Wheelwright. (1382. Archetype and Archetypal Image, Behzad Barkat (trans., Orghanoon. N22. 9.      Jung, Carl Gustav (1368. Four Archetypes: Mother, rebirth, spirit, trickster. Trans. Parvin Faramarzi. Mashhad: Astan Ghods Razavi.10.  Jung, Carl Gustav (1963. Essays on a science of mythology; Myths of the divine child and the divine maiden.  Trans. R.F.C. Hull. Harper and Row. 11.  Jung. Carl Gustav (1964. Man and his symbols. U.S.A: Anefor press. 12.  Kerachofski & Ahmad Shafieha. The Early History of Leyli & Majnun’s History in Arab Literature.Maaref. N16&17, 1368.13.  Mastur, Mostafa (1379. Basics of Short Stories. Tehran:  Nashre Markaz,.14.  Mirsadeghi

  15. European Space Agency announces contest to "Name the Cluster Quartet"

    Science.gov (United States)

    2000-02-01

    able to trim the spacecraft's courses, altering the distances between them in order to ensure that scientists receive the most detailed information ever obtained about the invisible interaction between the Sun and Earth. "Cluster II will give us the best information yet on how the Sun affects the near-Earth environment," says Philippe Escoubet. "The spacecraft will give us four viewpoints - like having one camera behind the goal at a football match and three others at different angles. It will be the first time this has been done for the Earth's magnetic field. This is very exciting because such unprecedented detail will give us a much better opportunity to understand the space environment which surrounds our planet." Thanks to the Cluster II and SOHO solar observing satellites, ESA is leading Europe to be a major world contributor in the International Solar-Terrestrial Programme (ISTP). This global research project, which includes scientists and spacecraft from ESA, the USA, Russia and Japan, is aimed at understanding all aspects of the Sun-Earth relationship. The intention is to link the processes taking place inside the Sun, its output of energy and the flow of the solar wind, and finally its effects upon our planet. Cluster II - the spacecraft and the mission in brief Cluster II is one of ESA's top priority Cornerstone science missions. It is a replacement for the original Cluster mission, which was tragically destroyed by an explosion during the maiden launch of the Ariane 5 rocket in June 1996. Cluster II is scheduled for launch from Baikonur Cosmodrome in Kazakhstan in the summer of 2000. The four satellites will be put into orbit in pairs, using two Soyuz rockets provided by the Russian-French Starsem company, on 15 June and 13 July. They will then follow highly elliptical, polar orbits which will vary between 19,000 and 119,000 km above the Earth. At times, they will be inside the protection of the magnetosphere, while at others they will be fully exposed to