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Sample records for macaws ara chloropterus

  1. Massive attack of honeybee on macaws (Ara ararauna and Ara chloropterus) in Brazil - A case report.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Milbradt, Elisane Lenita; Silva, Tarcísio Macedo; Hataka, Alessandre; Teixeira, Carlos Roberto; Okamoto, Adriano Sakai; Andreatti Filho, Raphael Lucio

    2017-09-15

    Three adult birds of the species Ara chloropterus and five of the species Ara ararauna from a conservation breeding facility suffered a massive attack by honeybees. The A. chloropterus birds presented swollen puncture lesions with stingers (mainly in the facial regions without feathers), swelling of the eyelids and subcutaneous tissue, and respiratory distress, and they were treated with intramuscular injections of 1.67 mg/kg of promethazine and 10 mg/kg of hydrocortisone followed by removal of the stingers. Complete remission of the clinical signs occurred 48 hours after start of treatment. The five A. ararauna birds died before they arrived at the veterinary hospital, and the necropsies found stingers in the areas of the face without feathers and the subcutaneous tissue, which were associated with erythema, bruising, and swelling. Food content from the crop was found in the oral cavity and the tracheal lumen, and marked congestion was observed in the heart, liver, spleen, lungs, kidneys, brain, and cerebellum. Among the histopathological findings, significant swelling of the myocytes in the endocardium and vascular dilation with erythroid repletion were observed, and there were multifocal areas of centrilobular necrosis associated with severe congestion and hemorrhaging in the hepatic tissue. Severe acute tubular necrosis and hydropic-vacuolar degeneration were observed in the kidneys. The clinical signs and pathological findings suggest envenomation due to a massive bee attack, the first such report for Psittacidae. Copyright © 2017 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

  2. Comparative analysis of microsatellite variability in five macaw species (Psittaciformes, Psittacidae: application for conservation

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    Flavia T. Presti

    2011-01-01

    Full Text Available Cross-amplification was tested and variability in microsatellite primers (designed for Neotropical parrots compared, in five macaw species, viz., three endangered blue macaws (Cyanopsitta spixii [extinct in the wild], Anodorhynchus leari [endangered] and Anodorhynchus hyacinthinus [vulnerable], and two unthreatened red macaws (Ara chloropterus and Ara macao. Among the primers tested, 84.6% successfully amplified products in C. spixii, 83.3% in A. leari, 76.4% in A. hyacinthinus, 78.6% in A. chloropterus and 71.4% in A. macao. The mean expected heterozygosity estimated for each species, and based on loci analyzed in all the five, ranged from 0.33 (A. hyacinthinus to 0.85 (A. macao. As expected, the results revealed lower levels of genetic variability in threatened macaw species than in unthreatened. The low combined probability of genetic identity and the moderate to high potential for paternity exclusion, indicate the utility of the microsatellite loci set selected for each macaw species in kinship and population studies, thus constituting an aid in planning in-situ and ex-situ conservation.

  3. Chromosomal Diversity and Karyotype Evolution in South American Macaws (Psittaciformes, Psittacidae.

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    Ivanete de Oliveira Furo

    Full Text Available Most species of macaws, which represent the largest species of Neotropical Psittacidae, characterized by their long tails and exuberant colours, are endangered, mainly because of hunting, illegal trade and habitat destruction. Long tailed species seem to represent a monophyletic group within Psittacidae, supported by cytogenetic data. Hence, these species show karyotypes with predominance of biarmed macrochromosomes, in contrast to short tailed species, with a predominance of acro/telocentric macrochromosomes. Because of their similar karyotypes, it has been proposed that inversions and translocations may be the main types of rearrangements occurring during the evolution of this group. However, only one species of macaw, Ara macao, that has had its genome sequenced was analyzed by means of molecular cytogenetics. Hence, in order to verify the rearrangements, we analyzed the karyotype of two species of macaws, Ara chloropterus and Anodorhynchus hyacinthinus, using cross-species chromosome painting with two different sets of probes from chicken and white hawk. Both intra- and interchromosomal rearrangements were observed. Chicken probes revealed the occurrence of fusions, fissions and inversions in both species, while the probes from white hawk determined the correct breakpoints or chromosome segments involved in the rearrangements. Some of these rearrangements were common for both species of macaws (fission of GGA1 and fusions of GGA1p/GGA4q, GGA6/GGA7 and GGA8/GGA9, while the fissions of GGA 2 and 4p were found only in A. chloropterus. These results confirm that despite apparent chromosomal similarity, macaws have very diverse karyotypes, which differ from each other not only by inversions and translocations as postulated before, but also by fissions and fusions.

  4. Scarlet Macaw, Ara macao, (Psittaciformes: Psittacidae) diet in Central Pacific Costa Rica

    OpenAIRE

    Christopher Vaughan; Nicole Nemeth; Leonel Marineros

    2006-01-01

    From 1993 to 1997, we observed Scarlet Macaw (Ara macao) feeding behavior in Central Pacific Costa Rica. Feeding data acquired in this study were not collected systematically, but opportunistically whenever macaws were observed feeding. To supplement feeding observations, we conducted interviews with local residents. Scarlet Macaws fed on seeds, fruits, leaves, flowers and/or bark of 43 plant species. Various plant parts eaten by macaws from several tree species contain secondary compounds to...

  5. Scarlet Macaw, Ara macao, (Psittaciformes: Psittacidae diet in Central Pacific Costa Rica

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    Christopher Vaughan

    2006-09-01

    Full Text Available From 1993 to 1997, we observed Scarlet Macaw (Ara macao feeding behavior in Central Pacific Costa Rica. Feeding data acquired in this study were not collected systematically, but opportunistically whenever macaws were observed feeding. To supplement feeding observations, we conducted interviews with local residents. Scarlet Macaws fed on seeds, fruits, leaves, flowers and/or bark of 43 plant species. Various plant parts eaten by macaws from several tree species contain secondary compounds toxic to humans, and additional species included in their diet are nonnative, introduced for agricultural purposes. Important macaw feeding tree species are Ceiba pentandra, Schizolobium parahybum, and Hura crepitans; these species are also crucial to this macaw population because of nest cavities they provide. The results of this study contribute to the conservation of Scarlet Macaws in Central Pacific Costa Rica through promoting protection of individual trees, and through local elementary school reforestation programs focusing on tree species that macaws use for feeding and/or nesting. Scarlet Macaw conservation is extremely important, as numerous population pressures have caused significant declines in macaw numbers in Costa Rica. Rev. Biol. Trop. 54 (3: 919-926. Epub 2006 Sept. 29.Entre 1993-97, observamos el comportamiento de alimentación de la lapa roja (Ara macao en el Pacifico Central de Costa Rica. La lapa roja se alimentó de semillas, frutas, hojas, flores y corteza de 43 especies de plantas. Varias partes de las plantas comidas por las lapas contienen compuestos secundarios tóxicos al ser humano, y especies adicionales incluidas en la dieta son exóticas; introducidas por razones agrícolas, forestales o estéticas. Especies de árboles importantes como alimento de la lapa roja incluyen: Ceiba pentandra, Schizolobium parahybum, y Hura crepitans; también son criticas para la población de la lapa roja debido a proveen cavidades para anidaci

  6. Scarlet Macaw (Ara macao, Psittaciformes: Psittacidae Nest Characteristics in the Osa Peninsula Conservation Area (ACOSA, Costa Rica

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    John L Guittar

    2009-06-01

    Full Text Available The Scarlet Macaw (Ara macao is an endangered species. In Costa Rica, the Scarlet Macaw population of the Central Pacific Conservation Area (ACOPAC, n =432 individuals has undergone considerable study and has been used effectively as a flagship species for regional conservation. Costa Rica’s only other viable Scarlet Macaw population, located in the Osa Peninsula Conservation Area (ACOSA, n=800-1200 individuals, remains virtually unstudied. We studied ACOSA Scarlet Macaw nest cavities from February 19th to March 22nd 2006. Through informal interviews with park guards and residents, we found a total of 57 potential nests in 52 trees. Eleven nests were reported as frequently poached. Scarlet Macaws used 14 identified tree species, ten of which are unrecorded in Costa Rica. The most common nesting trees were Caryocar costaricense (n=12, 24%, Schizolobium parahyba (n=9, 18.0%, Ceiba pentandra (n=7, 14.0% and Ficus sp. (n=5, 10.0%. We compare nesting characteristics to those recorded in ACOPAC. A combination of bottom-up and top-down strategies are necessary to ensure the Scarlet Macaw’s long-term success, including environmental education in local schools, community stewardship of active nests, and the advertisement of stricter penalties for poaching. Rev. Biol. Trop. 57 (1-2: 387-393. Epub 2009 June 30.

  7. Beach almond (Terminalia catappa, Combretaceae seed production and predation by scarlet macaws (Ara macao and variegated squirrels (Sciurus variegatoides

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    Jonathan J. Henn

    2014-09-01

    Full Text Available Knowledge of ecological impacts of exotic beach almond (Terminalia catappa in the central Pacific of Costa Rica are little known, but studies have found this species to be a potentially important food source for endangered scarlet macaws (Ara macao. In this study, reproductive phenology and seed predation by variegated squirrels (Sciurus variegatoides and scarlet macaws were measured during March and April 2011 on beaches of central Pacific coastal Costa Rica. Seed productivity and predation levels were quantified on a weekly basis for 111 beach almond trees to assess the importance of beach almond as a food source for scarlet macaws and the extent of resource partitioning between seed predators. Seed production of the trees was great (about 194 272 seeds and approximately 67% of seeds were predated by seed predators. Macaws consumed an estimated 49% of seeds while squirrels consumed 18%. Additionally, evidence of resource partitioning between squirrels and macaws was found. Scarlet macaws preferred to feed on the northern side and edge of the canopy while squirrels preferred to feed on the southern and inside parts of the canopy. Both species ate most seeds on the ocean side of the tree. Despite the status of this tree as an exotic species, the beach almond appears to be an important resource for scarlet macaw population recovery. The resource produced by this tree should be taken into account as reforestation efforts continue in Costa Rica. Rev. Biol. Trop. 62 (3: 929-938. Epub 2014 September 01.

  8. Morfologia e biometria do timo em araras dos gêneros Ara e Anodorhynchus Morphology and biometry of the thymus gland in macaw of Ara and Anodorhynchus genera

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    R.Z. Lima

    2013-02-01

    Full Text Available Foram utilizados 12 exemplares de Ara ararauna - seis fêmeas e seis machos -, cinco exemplares de Ara chloropterus (uma fêmea e quatro machos e dois exemplares de Anodorhynchus hyacinthinus - uma fêmea e um macho -, todos adultos, doados por criadouro particular, após óbito natural. Os lobos foram dissecados e medidos com paquímetro - comprimento x largura x espessura - e analisados quanto ao peso, à topografia e à morfologia individual. Independentemente do gênero, foram identificados, em 17 casos (89,5%, lobos tímicos nos antímeros cervicais esquerdo e direito, e em oito casos (42,1%, lobos na cavidade celomática. Os lobos apresentaram formatos alongados - 52,6% -, arredondados - 21,1% - ou ovalados - 15,8% -, posicionados preferencialmente ventromedialmente ao longo do plexo vasculoneural do pescoço, com número médio de cinco lobos por antímero, tamanho médio de 0,49cm de comprimento, 0,12cm de largura e 0,05cm de espessura e peso médio de 0,076g.Twelve samples of Ara ararauna - six females and six males -, five samples of Ara chloropterus (one female and four males and two samples of Anodorhynchus hyacinthinus (one female and one male, all adults from a Breeding Park, were used after natural death. The lobes were dissected and measured with electronic calliper (length x width x thickness and analyzed taking their weight, topography and individual morphology into account. Regardless of gender, 89.5% of the cases presented timic lobes in the left and right cervical antimere, and 42.1% of the cases presented lobes in the celomatic cavity. The lobes were shown in shapes - long (52.6%, round (21.1% or oval (15.8%, positioned mostly ventromedially, along the neurovascular plexus of the neck, with an average of five lobes per antimere, and an average size of 0.49cm length, 0.12cm width, and 0.05cm thick and average weight of 0.076g.

  9. A multi-platform draft de novo genome assembly and comparative analysis for the Scarlet Macaw (Ara macao.

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    Christopher M Seabury

    Full Text Available Data deposition to NCBI Genomes: This Whole Genome Shotgun project has been deposited at DDBJ/EMBL/GenBank under the accession AMXX00000000 (SMACv1.0, unscaffolded genome assembly. The version described in this paper is the first version (AMXX01000000. The scaffolded assembly (SMACv1.1 has been deposited at DDBJ/EMBL/GenBank under the accession AOUJ00000000, and is also the first version (AOUJ01000000. Strong biological interest in traits such as the acquisition and utilization of speech, cognitive abilities, and longevity catalyzed the utilization of two next-generation sequencing platforms to provide the first-draft de novo genome assembly for the large, new world parrot Ara macao (Scarlet Macaw. Despite the challenges associated with genome assembly for an outbred avian species, including 951,507 high-quality putative single nucleotide polymorphisms, the final genome assembly (>1.035 Gb includes more than 997 Mb of unambiguous sequence data (excluding N's. Cytogenetic analyses including ZooFISH revealed complex rearrangements associated with two scarlet macaw macrochromosomes (AMA6, AMA7, which supports the hypothesis that translocations, fusions, and intragenomic rearrangements are key factors associated with karyotype evolution among parrots. In silico annotation of the scarlet macaw genome provided robust evidence for 14,405 nuclear gene annotation models, their predicted transcripts and proteins, and a complete mitochondrial genome. Comparative analyses involving the scarlet macaw, chicken, and zebra finch genomes revealed high levels of nucleotide-based conservation as well as evidence for overall genome stability among the three highly divergent species. Application of a new whole-genome analysis of divergence involving all three species yielded prioritized candidate genes and noncoding regions for parrot traits of interest (i.e., speech, intelligence, longevity which were independently supported by the results of previous human GWAS

  10. Plasma osmolality reference values in African grey parrots (Psittacus erithacus erithacus), Hispaniolan Amazon parrots (Amazona ventralis), and red-fronted macaws (Ara rubrogenys).

    Science.gov (United States)

    Beaufrère, Hugues; Acierno, Mark; Mitchell, Mark; Guzman, David Sanchez-Migallon; Bryant, Heather; Tully, Thomas N

    2011-06-01

    Birds are routinely presented to veterinarians for dehydration. Success with these cases ultimately depends on providing replacement fluids and re-establishing fluid homeostasis. Few studies have been done to determine reference ranges for plasma osmolality in birds. The goals of this study were to determine reference values for plasma osmolality in 3 species of parrots and to provide recommendations on fluid selection for replacement therapy in these species. Blood samples were collected from 21 adult Hispaniolan Amazon parrots (Amazona ventralis), 21 Congo African grey parrots (Psittacus erithacus erithacus), and 9 red-fronted macaws (Ara rubrogenys), and were placed into lithium heparin containers. Plasma osmolality was measured in duplicate with a freezing point depression osmometer. Summary statistics were computed from the average values. Reference ranges, calculated by using the robust method, were 288-324, 308-345, and 223-369 mOsm/kg in African grey parrots, Hispaniolan Amazon parrots, and red-fronted macaws, respectively. The mean +/- SD values were 306 +/- 7, 327 +/- 7, and 304 +/- 18 mOsm/kg in African grey parrots, Hispaniolan Amazon parrots, and red-fronted macaws, respectively. Comparisons with osmolality values in mammals and values previously reported for psittacine bird species suggest that plasma osmolality is slightly higher in parrots than in mammals, species-specific differences exist, and differences between reported values occur. Overall, fluids with an osmolarity close to 300-320 mOsm/L, such as Normosol-R, Plasmalyte-R, Plasmalyte-A, and NaCl 0.9%, can be recommended in parrots for fluid replacement therapy when isotonic fluids are required.

  11. Scarlet Macaw (Ara macao (Psitaciformes: Psittacidae Parental Nest Visitation in Costa Rica: Implications for Research and Conservation

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    Christopher Vaughan

    2009-06-01

    Full Text Available We studied temporal parental visitation of Scarlet Macaws (Ara macao to six active nests in the Central Pacific Conservation Region of Costa Rica. Total parental time in the nest decreased significantly as the nestlings aged. Results provide guidelines to scientists for planning invasive activities to nestlings, such as placement of radio collars, or biological sample collection. These activities should be performed close to the end of the nesting period for minimal disturbance of parents and nestlings. Our results also provide information to aid wildlife guards in protecting active nests from poachers when chicks are close to fledging. Rev. Biol. Trop. 57 (1-2: 395-400. Epub 2009 June 30.Estudiamos las visitas temporales de padres de la lapa roja (Ara macao a seis nidos activos en el Área de Conservación del Pacifico Central (Costa Rica. El tiempo total que pasaron los padres en los nidos bajó en forma significativa en relación con el crecimiento de los pichones. Estos resultados pueden ayudar a los científicos a planear sus actividades "invasivas", tales como colocación de radio collares o colección de muestras biológicas. Las actividades deben coincidir con el final de la época de anidación para molestar menos a las aves. Nuestros resultados proveen información que puede ayudar a los guardaparques a proteger nidos activos cuando los pichones estan casi listos para salir.

  12. Parâmetros de bioquímica sérica de machos, fêmeas e filhotes de Araras canindé (Ara ararauna saudáveis mantidas em cativeiro comercial Serum biochemical parameters of healthy male, female and young blue-and-yellow macaws (Ara ararauna bred in captivity

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    Stella de Faria Valle

    2008-06-01

    , totaling nearly 80 species. The blue-and-yellow macaw (Ara ararauna, the most representative species of the Psittaciformes order, lives in the forest areas of different Brazilian regions. IBAMA, Brazilian environmental protection agency, has authorized the trade of wild animals raised in breeding facilities; consequently, their use as household pets has increased ever since. Currently, too little is known about clinical and laboratory parameters of wild species bred in captivity. The aim of the present study was to determine the serum biochemical parameters of healthy blue-and-yellow macaws (Ara ararauna of different sexes and ages reared in a commercial breeding facility under controlled and standardized feeding and management practices. Blood samples were collected from 35 blue-and-yellow macaws (11 fledglings and 24 adults and sent to the Laboratory of Veterinary Clinical Pathology of Universidade de Passo Fundo (UPF for measurement of the following biochemical parameters: uric acid (UA, albumin (Alb, aspartate aminotransferase (AST, calcium (Ca, cholesterol (Chol, creatine kinase (CK, alkaline phosphatase (AP, inorganic phosphorus (iP, fructosamine (Fru, gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT, total protein (TP and urea nitrogen (Ur. There were significant differences among adult macaws with regard to CK levels (higher in males and to Ca and UA levels (higher in females. Differences were noted among adults and fledglings with respect to UA, Ca, Alb, Chol, AP, iP and Fru. Most of the findings can be ascribed to the different feeding regimens and ages of the birds analyzed. The data obtained herein can be used as reference parameters for Brazilian blue-and-yellow macaws.

  13. Notas acerca de las guacamayas (Psittacidae : Ara) introducidas en el municipio de Medellín, Colombia

    NARCIS (Netherlands)

    Lara-Vásquez, C.E.; Castaño-Rivas, A.M.; Jonker, R.M.V.

    2015-01-01

    In the 90s, organizations in charge of wildlife management in Medellín, released macaws (Psittacidae: Ara) in the city. We report Ara severa, A. chloroptera and A. macao in the city. A group of eight individuals, belonging to the latter two species was observed flocking together in the urban area of

  14. HEMOGRAMA E BIOQUÍMICA CLÍNICA SANGUÍNEA DE ARARAS (Ara sp. MANTIDAS EM SÍTIOS ECOLÓGICOS NO ESTADO DA BAHIA

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    Débora Malta Gomes

    2011-12-01

    Full Text Available This research aimed to establish reference values for hemogram and clinical biochemistry, aiming at to evaluating the liver function of healthy macaws (Ara sp., with the influence of species on the blood constituents, in order to contribute to the health monitoring of this species kept in ecological farms in the state of Bahia (Brazil. We used forty-five blood samples from three distinct species: green-winged macaw (Ara chloroptera, blue-and-yellow macaw (Ara ararauna and scarlet macaws (Ara macao. A total of 3.5 mL of blood was collected from the ulnar vein of each bird: 1.5 mL was placed in tubes containing EDTA, to carry out the hemogram, and 2.0 mL of blood without anticoagulant was used to obtain serum, for the biochemical analysis. The averages obtained for the blood of the genus Ara were PCV: 2.74 ± 0.48 x106/μL; VG: 36.8 ± 5.56%; Hb: 15.4 ± 2.42 g/dL; thrombocytes:9,580 ± 2,850 x103/μL; leukocyte count: 5,340 ± 3,580/μL; lymphocytes: 1,408.8 ± 1,020.7/μL; heterophils: 3,252.0 ± 2,026.3/μL; monocytes: 169.1 ± 227.5/μL; basophils: 34.2 ± 72.3/μL; eosinophils: 186.9 ± 183.9/μL. The results of the serum biochemical parameters were activity of the enzymes AST 67.6 ± 12.8 IU/L; CK 77.9 ± 44.6 IU/L; LDH 240.1 ± 85.6 IU/L; cholesterol 160.3 ± 34.8 mg/dL; triglycerides 111.8 ± 58.6 mg/dL; glucose 228.5 ± 38.1 mg/dL and total proteins: 3.37 ± 0.8 g/dL. Significant differences (p <0.05 influenced by species were detected for the values of number of PCV, GV, number of leukocytes and the concentration of cholesterol and glucose.

  15. Seed dispersal and predation of Buchenavia tomentosa Eichler (Combretaceae in a Cerrado sensu stricto, midwest Brazil

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    J. Farias

    Full Text Available Abstract The ecology of seed dispersal is critical to understand the patterns of distribution and abundance of plant species. We investigated seed dispersal aspects associated with the high abundance of Buchenavia tomentosa in the Serra Azul State Park (PESA. We estimated fruit production and conducted fruit removal experiments. We carried out diurnal and nocturnal observations on frugivory as well as germination tests. Fruiting occurred in the dry season and totaled 1,365,015 ± 762,670 fruits.ha–1. B. tomentosa fruits were utilized by eight animal species. The lowland tapir (Tapirus terrestris was considered the main seed disperser. Leafcutter ants (Atta laevigata and Atta sexdens participated in the seed cleaning and occasionally dispersed seeds. The beetle Amblycerus insuturatus, blue-and-yellow macaw (Ara ararauna and red-and-green macaw (Ara chloropterus were considered pre-dispersal seed predators. The seeds manually cleaned presented higher germination rate (100% and speed index (4.2 seeds.d–1 than that of seeds with pulp. Germination of seeds found in tapirs’feces was 40%, while for the seeds without pulp it was 25%. The high abundance of B. tomentosa in the cerrado of PESA may be due to massive fruit production, low rates of seed predation, and efficient seed dispersal by tapirs, occurring before the rains which promote germination and recruitment of this species.

  16. Philornis sp. bot fly larvae in free living scarlet macaw nestlings and a new technique for their extraction.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Olah, George; Vigo, Gabriela; Ortiz, Lizzie; Rozsa, Lajos; Brightsmith, Donald J

    2013-09-01

    Bot fly larvae (Philornis genus) are obligate subcutaneous blood-feeding parasites of Neotropical birds including psittacines. We analyze twelve years of data on scarlet macaw (Ara macao) nestlings in natural and artificial nests in the lowland forests of southeastern Peru and report prevalence and intensity of Philornis parasitism. Bot fly prevalence was 28.9% while mean intensity was 5.0 larvae per infected chick. Prevalence in natural nests (11%, N=90 nestlings) was lower than in wooden nest-boxes (39%, N=57) and PVC boxes (39%, N=109). We describe a new technique of removing Philornis larvae using a reverse syringe design snake bite extractor. We compare this new technique to two other methods for removing bots from macaw chicks and find the new method the most suitable. Copyright © 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

  17. Morfologia e biometria do timo em araras dos gêneros Ara e Anodorhynchus

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    R.Z. Lima

    2013-02-01

    Full Text Available Foram utilizados 12 exemplares de Ara ararauna - seis fêmeas e seis machos -, cinco exemplares de Ara chloropterus (uma fêmea e quatro machos e dois exemplares de Anodorhynchus hyacinthinus - uma fêmea e um macho -, todos adultos, doados por criadouro particular, após óbito natural. Os lobos foram dissecados e medidos com paquímetro - comprimento x largura x espessura - e analisados quanto ao peso, à topografia e à morfologia individual. Independentemente do gênero, foram identificados, em 17 casos (89,5%, lobos tímicos nos antímeros cervicais esquerdo e direito, e em oito casos (42,1%, lobos na cavidade celomática. Os lobos apresentaram formatos alongados - 52,6% -, arredondados - 21,1% - ou ovalados - 15,8% -, posicionados preferencialmente ventromedialmente ao longo do plexo vasculoneural do pescoço, com número médio de cinco lobos por antímero, tamanho médio de 0,49cm de comprimento, 0,12cm de largura e 0,05cm de espessura e peso médio de 0,076g.

  18. Drying of macaw palm fruits and its influence on oil quality

    OpenAIRE

    Gutierres Nelson Silva; Anderson Barbosa Evaristo; José Antonio Saraiva Grossi; Larissa Sousa Campos; Marcela Silva Carvalho; Leonardo Duarte Pimentel

    2017-01-01

    After harvest, macaw palm fruits show high deterioration rates when improperly preserved. A possible cause is the high fruit water content favoring enzymatic and microbiological degradation. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the effect of drying on the mesocarp oil quality during storage and to set the drying curve of macaw palm fruits. For that, two experiments were carried out. In the first, the drying curve of macaw palm fruits was determined at 60 °C, and mathematical models were de...

  19. Effects of drying temperature on viability of macaw palm ( Acrocomia ...

    African Journals Online (AJOL)

    In response to a growing interest in improving seedling production of oilseed species (like macaw palm), a fruit drying protocol for facilitating seed extraction was proposed. This enabled the production of macaw palm seedlings, but the temperature most suitable for seed extraction without losing its physiological quality is ...

  20. Effect of Nitrogen and Potassium Rates on Early Development of Macaw Palm

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    Leonardo Duarte Pimentel

    2015-12-01

    Full Text Available ABSTRACT The economic exploitation of macaw palm [Acrocomia aculeate(Jacq. Lodd. ex Mart.] is currently in transition, from extractivism to agricultural cultivation, thus requiring studies on the fertilization of the crop. This study evaluated the response of three genotypes of macaw palm to increasing rates of nitrogen and potassium, grown in the field until the 2nd year and to establish reference contents of mineral nutrients in the leaf. The experiment was a split-plot randomized block design with five main treatments (N and K rates and three secondary treatments (genotypes, with three replications, each plot containing three plants. Plant height, leaf number, vigor, and nutrient contents in leaf tissues were evaluated at the end of 2nd year of cultivation. Differential responses were observed among genotypes, indicating that some genotypes are more efficient in the use of mineral inputs. There was a differentiated and positive response to increasing side-dressed N and K rates in the vegetative development of macaw genotypes until the 2nd year of field cultivation, indicating variability in the species in terms of nutrient use efficiency. The N and K fertilization rate corresponding to 360 g N + 480 g K2O per plant, in four split applications over the two years of cultivation, was insufficient to induce maximum vegetative development in the three macaw genotypes. There was no variation in macro- and micronutrient contents in leaf dry matter of the three macaw genotypes.

  1. Mechanical properties of the macaw palm fruit-rachilla system

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    Nara Silveira Velloso

    2017-06-01

    Full Text Available The fruit of the native macaw palm [Acrocomia aculeata (lacq Lood. ex Mart] is an alternative for biodiesel production because of the plant characteristics, as well as its adaptability, hardiness and high vegetable oil yield. However, its exploitation remains extractive and there are significant difficulties in its harvest. This study aimed to determine the mechanical properties of the macaw palm fruit-rachilla system that will support the design of harvest machines based on mechanical vibration. Ten samples of four accessions in the immature and mature stages of maturity were used. Traction and vibration tests were conducted to determine the mechanical properties of the macaw palm fruit-rachilla system. The elastic modulus of the rachilla was 188.39-385.09 MPa for the immature stage and 109.02-320.54 MPa for the mature stage. The Poisson's ratio for the rachilla varied between 0.20 and 0.52 for the immature stage and between 0.16 and 0.52 for the mature stage. The damping ratio varied between 0.02 and 0.12 for the immature stage and between 0.06 and 0.12 for the mature stage. The fruit-rachilla system was characterized as underdamped.

  2. 76 FR 62016 - Endangered and Threatened Wildlife and Plants; Red-Crowned Parrot

    Science.gov (United States)

    2011-10-06

    ... finding to the above street address. FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: Janine Van Norman, Chief, Branch of...), great green macaw (Ara ambiguus), grey-cheeked parakeet (Brotogeris pyrrhoptera), hyacinth macaw... mm (4.0 in), respectively (Forshaw 1989, p. 603). Adults have a bright green overall plumage...

  3. Guacamaya: símbolo de temporalidad y fertilidad en dos ejemplos de pintura mural The Macaw: a Symbol of Temporality and Fertility in Two Examples from Mural Painting

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    María de Lourdes Navarijo Ornelas

    2012-01-01

    Full Text Available En el pensamiento prehispánico, la guacamaya (Ara macao y Ara militaris ocupó un lugar preferente, como lo atestigua su imagen plasmada en los murales creados por diferentes pueblos, como el maya, el zapoteca, el teotihuacano, o como se ve en Cacaxtla. Esto no es una coincidencia, por lo que este estudio tiene por objeto analizar y reconocer la identidad taxonómica de los individuos recreados, además de argumentar su presencia en el lenguaje pictórico como un medio de expresión gráfica irrefutable. Para este fin se trabaja con la pintura mural de dos sitios arqueológicos: el mural 1, Los pájaros, de la Estructura 86 en Xelhá, situado en la zona norte de Quintana Roo; y el mural oriente del Templo Rojo en Cacaxtla, Tlaxcala. De acuerdo con las modalidades de representación gráfica y bajo los criterios de integración temática se aborda la lectura de las escenas considerando a los otros elementos iconográficos que las integran. El resultado es una propuesta de participación simbólica de las guacamayas enfocada en la abstracción del tiempo a partir de la conducta diaria y estacional de esta especie de psitácido ruidosa (y de plumaje llamativo y sugerente; también se considera la asociación de estos animales con los conceptos de vida, movimiento y temporalidad, y con el Sol y el agua (este último como el elemento primordial vinculado con la fertilidad.In pre-Hispanic thought, Macaw (Ara macao and Ara militaris occupy a place of honour, as witness its image captured in the murals created by different peoples, such as the Maya, the Zapotec, the ancient inhabitants of Teotihuacan and Cacaxtla. This is not a coincidence, which is why this study aims to analyze and recognize the taxonomic identity of recreated individuals, as well as argue their presence in the pictorial language as a mean of irrefutable graphic expression. To this end works with mural paintings from two archaeological sites are analyzed: the mural 1 "The birds" of

  4. Karyotype description of two Neotropical Psittacidae species: the endangered Hyacinth Macaw, Anodorhynchus hyacinthinus, and the Hawk-headed Parrot, Deroptyus accipitrinus (Psittaciformes: Aves, and its significance for conservation plans

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Vitor de Oliveira Lunardi

    2003-01-01

    Full Text Available Neotropical parrots are among the most threatened groups of birds in the world, and many species are facing extinction in a near future. At the same time, the taxonomic position of many species remains unclear. Karyotype analysis has been used to elucidate the phylogenetic status of many bird groups, also providing important information for both in situ and ex situ conservation plans. The objective of the present study was to describe for the first time the karyotypes of the endangered Hyacinth Macaw, Anodorhynchus hyacinthinus, and of the Hawk-headed Parrot, Deroptyus accipitrinus. A diploid number of 2n = 70 and a karyotype similar to the main pattern previously found for the genera Ara, Cyanopsitta, Aratinga, Propyrrhura, Pionites, Pionopsitta, Nandayus, and Guaruba were found for both species. These karyotype descriptions can be a starting point for the genetic monitoring of these two declining species.

  5. The complete plastome of macaw palm [Acrocomia aculeata (Jacq.) Lodd. ex Mart.] and extensive molecular analyses of the evolution of plastid genes in Arecaceae.

    Science.gov (United States)

    de Santana Lopes, Amanda; Gomes Pacheco, Túlio; Nimz, Tabea; do Nascimento Vieira, Leila; Guerra, Miguel P; Nodari, Rubens O; de Souza, Emanuel Maltempi; de Oliveira Pedrosa, Fábio; Rogalski, Marcelo

    2018-04-01

    The plastome of macaw palm was sequenced allowing analyses of evolution and molecular markers. Additionally, we demonstrated that more than half of plastid protein-coding genes in Arecaceae underwent positive selection. Macaw palm is a native species from tropical and subtropical Americas. It shows high production of oil per hectare reaching up to 70% of oil content in fruits and an interesting plasticity to grow in different ecosystems. Its domestication and breeding are still in the beginning, which makes the development of molecular markers essential to assess natural populations and germplasm collections. Therefore, we sequenced and characterized in detail the plastome of macaw palm. A total of 221 SSR loci were identified in the plastome of macaw palm. Additionally, eight polymorphism hotspots were characterized at level of subfamily and tribe. Moreover, several events of gain and loss of RNA editing sites were found within the subfamily Arecoideae. Aiming to uncover evolutionary events in Arecaceae, we also analyzed extensively the evolution of plastid genes. The analyses show that highly divergent genes seem to evolve in a species-specific manner, suggesting that gene degeneration events may be occurring within Arecaceae at the level of genus or species. Unexpectedly, we found that more than half of plastid protein-coding genes are under positive selection, including genes for photosynthesis, gene expression machinery and other essential plastid functions. Furthermore, we performed a phylogenomic analysis using whole plastomes of 40 taxa, representing all subfamilies of Arecaceae, which placed the macaw palm within the tribe Cocoseae. Finally, the data showed here are important for genetic studies in macaw palm and provide new insights into the evolution of plastid genes and environmental adaptation in Arecaceae.

  6. Reproductive parameters in the critically endangered Blue-throated Macaw: limits to the recovery of a parrot under intensive management.

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Igor Berkunsky

    Full Text Available Rediscovered in the wild twenty years ago, the breeding biology of wild Blue-throated Macaws remains largely unexplored, yet is essential to its effective conservation and recovery. Here, we analyse reproductive parameters in an intensively managed wild population of Blue-throated Macaws, providing the first data on the breeding biology of this critically endangered species. During the six-year study period, 2007-2012, the number of active breeding pairs either remained constant or decreased, depending on the site, and no new breeding pairs were discovered despite extensive searching. We documented nesting attempts in natural cavities in dead palms or live hardwoods, and artificial nest boxes. Egg-laying was concentrated during the end of dry season and the beginning of the wet season, August through December. Hatching failure was the greatest cause of egg losses. Half of the breeding attempts of Blue-throated Macaws produced at least one fledging, on average two, after a 85 days nestling period. An average of 4.3 nestlings per year fledged from all known wild nests combined. Each pair lost roughly 65% of its initial reproductive investment at each nesting attempt. In most successful nesting attempts of individualized pairs, a new nesting attempt was not detected the following year. All monitored breeding pairs showed high nest site fidelity, reusing hardwood-tree cavities and nest boxes. Our findings will aid conservation efforts by refining current actions and prompting new approaches towards the conservation and recovery of the Blue-throated Macaw.

  7. Analytical method for high resolution liquid chromatography for quality control French Macaw

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Garcia Penna, Caridad M; Torres Amaro, Leonid; Menendez Castillo, Rosa; Sanchez, Esther; Martinez Espinosa, Vivian; Gonzalez, Maria Lidia; Rodriguez, Carlos

    2007-01-01

    Was developed and validated an analytical method for high resolution liquid chromatography applicable to quality control of drugs dry French Macaw (Senna alata L. Roxb.) With ultraviolet detection at 340 nm. The method for high resolution liquid chromatography used to quantify the sennosides A and B, main components, was validated and proved to be specific, linear, precise and accurate. (Author)

  8. Ara

    Science.gov (United States)

    Murdin, P.

    2000-11-01

    (the Altar; abbrev. Ara, gen. Arae; area 237 sq. deg.) A southern constellation that lies between Scorpius and Apus, and culminates at midnight in early June. It is said to represent the altar upon which in Greek mythology the gods swore allegiance before their battle against the Titans, and that upon which Chiron, the centaur, is about to sacrifice Lupus, the wolf (which was a neighboring conste...

  9. Enzyme activity and reserve mobilization during Macaw palm ( Acrocomia aculeata seed germination

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Elisa Monteze Bicalho

    2016-01-01

    Full Text Available ABSTRACT Reserve mobilization in seeds occurs after visible germination, which is marked by the protrusion of the radicle or cotyledonary petiole, as in species of Arecaceae. Acrocomia aculeata (macaw palm, usually produces hard seeds whose endosperm has mannan-rich cell walls. We investigated the composition of storage compounds in macaw palm seed and the roles of two enzymes (endo-β-mannanase, α-galactosidase during and after germination. The seeds were firstly submitted to pre-established protocol to overcome dormancy and promote germination. Enzyme activity in both embryo and endosperm were assayed from the initiation of germinative activities until leaf sheath appearance, and the status of seed structures and reserve compounds were evaluated. Protein content of the embryo decreased with the initiation of imbibition while the lipid content began decreasing six days after removal of the operculum. Increases in enzyme activity and starch content were both observed after visible germination. We suggest that endo-β-mannanase and α-galactosidase become active immediately at germination, facilitating haustorium expansion and providing carbohydrates for initial seedling development. Protein is the first storage compound mobilized during early imbibition, and the observed increase in the starch content of the haustorium was related to lipid degradation in that organ and mannan degradation in the adjacent endosperm.

  10. Ara h 6 complements Ara h 2 as an important marker for IgE reactivity to peanut

    NARCIS (Netherlands)

    Koid, Audrey E.; Chapman, Martin D.; Hamilton, Robert G.; van Ree, Ronald; Versteeg, Serge A.; Dreskin, Stephen C.; Koppelman, Stef J.; Wünschmann, Sabina

    2014-01-01

    The similarities of two major peanut allergens, Ara h 2 and Ara h 6, in molecular size, amino acid sequence, and structure have made it difficult to obtain natural Ara h 6 free of Ara h 2. The objectives of this study were to purify natural Ara h 6 that is essentially free of Ara h 2 and to compare

  11. The use of semen evaluation and assisted reproduction in Spix's macaws in terms of species conservation.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Fischer, Dominik; Neumann, Daniel; Purchase, Cromwell; Bouts, Tim; Meinecke-Tillmann, Sabine; Wehrend, Axel; Lierz, Michael

    2014-01-01

    The Spix's macaw (Cyanopsitta spixii) is the rarest parrot on earth. The remaining captive population consists of 79 individuals. Captive propagation is ongoing to increase the number of individuals for future reintroduction back into the wild. Unfortunately, from 2004 to 2012, only 33 chicks hatched from 331 eggs. Semen evaluation and assisted reproduction might help to overcome this problem. Therefore, a recently developed electro-stimulated semen collection technique was used in Spix's macaws. Semen collection was successful in 39 of 78 attempts in 10 out of 17 males. Examination of the semen included evaluation of volume, color, consistency, contaminations and pH, as well as determination of motility, viability, morphology, concentration, and total count of spermatozoa. The median volume of semen samples was 5.6 µl. On average, 34.7 ± 21.9% (median 30%) of the sperm were motile and 23.1 ± 22.1% (median 16.5%) were progressively motile. In addition to spermatozoa, round cells were detected in the samples. Median sperm concentration was 15,500/µl (range 500-97,500/µl) and median viability was 50% (range 5-87%). Morphological examination revealed in 26.5% normal spermatozoa, high numbers of malformations of the head (50.2%) and tail region (20.5%), with 29% of all sperm showing multiple abnormalities. Artificial insemination was performed in three females; two eggs laid after artificial insemination had spermatozoa present on the perivitelline layer, suggesting the possible success of the insemination technique. Although no fertilization could be demonstrated, these preliminary results are promising, as they indicate that assisted reproduction might be a tool for species conservation in the Spix's macaw. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals Inc.

  12. Using Evaluability Assessment to Improve Program Evaluation for the Blue-Throated Macaw Environmental Education Project in Bolivia

    Science.gov (United States)

    Salvatierra da Silva, Daniela; Jacobson, Susan K.; Monroe, Martha C.; Israel, Glenn D.

    2016-01-01

    An evaluability assessment of a program to save a critically endangered bird helped prepare the Blue-throated Macaw Environmental Education Project for evaluation and program improvement. The evaluability assessment facilitated agreement among key stakeholders on evaluation criteria and intended uses of evaluation information in order to maximize…

  13. 76 FR 49201 - Endangered and Threatened Wildlife and Plants; Four Foreign Parrot Species

    Science.gov (United States)

    2011-08-09

    ... INFORMATION CONTACT: Janine Van Norman, Chief, Branch of Foreign Species, Endangered Species Program, U.S... (Prosopeia splendens), great green macaw (Ara ambiguus), grey-cheeked parakeet (Brotogeris pyrrhoptera... collar extends across the back of its neck; its back and rump are bright green. Its flight feathers and...

  14. Environmental Enrichments for a Group of Captive Macaws: Low Interaction Does Not Mean Low Behavioral Changes.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Reimer, Jéssica; Maia, Caroline Marques; Santos, Eliana Ferraz

    2016-01-01

    Environmental enrichment has been widely used to improve conditions for nonhuman animals in captivity. However, there is no consensus about the best way to evaluate the success of enrichments. This study evaluated whether the proportion of time spent interacting with enrichments indicated the proportion of overall behavioral changes. Six environmental enrichments were introduced in succession to 16 captive macaws, and interaction of the animals with them as well as the behaviors of the group were recorded before and during the enrichments. All of the enrichments affected the proportions of time spent in different behaviors. Macaws interacted more with certain items (hibiscus and food tree) than with others (a toy or swings and stairs), but introduction of the enrichments that invoked the least interaction caused as many behavioral changes as those that invoked the most. Moreover, feeding behavior was only affected by the enrichment that invoked the least interaction, a change not detected by a general analysis of enrichment effects. In conclusion, little interaction with enrichment does not mean little change in behavior, and the effects of enrichments are more complex than previously considered.

  15. Specific IgE to peanut 2S albumin Ara h 7 has a discriminative ability comparable to Ara h 2 and 6.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Blankestijn, M A; Otten, H G; Suer, W; Weimann, A; Knol, E F; Knulst, A C

    2018-01-01

    Little is known on the clinical relevance of peanut 2S albumin Ara h 7. To investigate the discriminative ability of Ara h 7 in peanut allergy and assess the role of cross-reactivity between Ara h 2, 6 and Ara h 7 isoforms. Sensitization to recombinant peanut storage proteins Ara h 1, 2, 3, 6, and 7 was assessed using a line blot in sera from 40 peanut-tolerant and 40 peanut-allergic patients, based on food challenge outcome. A dose-dependent ELISA inhibition experiment was performed with recombinant Ara h 2, 6 and Ara h 7 isoforms. For Ara h 7.0201, an area under the ROC curve was found of 0.83, comparable to Ara h 2 (AUC 0.81) and Ara h 6 (AUC 0.85). Ara h 7 intensity values strongly correlated with those from Ara h 2 and 6 (r s = 0.81). Of all patients sensitized to 2S albumins Ara h 2, 6, or 7, the majority was co-sensitized to all three (n = 24, 68%), although mono-sensitization to either 2S albumin was also observed in selected patients (Ara h 2: n = 6, 17%; Ara h 6: n = 2, 6%; Ara h 7: n = 2, 6%). Binding to Ara h 7.0101 could be strongly inhibited by Ara h 7.0201, but not the other way around. Specific IgE against Ara h 7.0201 has a predictive ability for peanut allergy similar to Ara h 2 and 6 and possesses unique IgE epitopes as well as epitopes shared between the other Ara h 7 isoform and Ara h 2 and 6. While co-sensitization to all three 2S albumins is most common, mono-sensitization to either Ara h 2, 6, or 7 occurs in selected patients, leading to a risk of misdiagnosis when testing for a single 2S albumin. © 2017 John Wiley & Sons Ltd.

  16. 2S protein Ara h 7.0201 has unique epitopes compared to other Ara h 7 isoforms and is comparable to 2S proteins Ara h 2 and 6 in basophil degranulation capacity.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Hayen, S M; Ehlers, A M; den Hartog Jager, C F; Garssen, J; Knol, E F; Knulst, A C; Suer, W; Willemsen, L E M; Otten, H G

    2018-07-01

    Screening for specific IgE against 2S albumin proteins Ara h 2 and 6 has good positive predictive value in diagnosing peanut allergy. From the third 2S member Ara h 7, 3 isoforms have been identified. Their allergenicity has not been elucidated. This study investigated the allergenicity of Ara h 7 isoforms compared to Ara h 2 and 6. Sensitization of 15 DBPCFC-confirmed peanut-allergic patients to recombinant Ara h 2.0201, Ara h 6.01 and isoforms of recombinant Ara h 7 was determined by IgE immunoblotting strips. A basophil activation test (BAT) was performed in 9 patients to determine IgE-cross-linking capacities of the allergens. Sensitivity to the allergens was tested in 5 patients who were sensitized to at least 1 Ara h 7 isoform, by a concentration range in the BAT. 3D prediction models and sequence alignments were used to visualize differences between isoforms and to predict allergenic epitope regions. Sensitization to Ara h 7.0201 was most frequent (80%) and showed to be equally potent as Ara h 2.0201 and 6.01 in inducing basophil degranulation. Sensitization to Ara h 7.0201 together with Ara h 2.0201 and/or 6.01 was observed, indicating the presence of unique epitopes compared to the other 2 isoforms. Differences between the 3 Ara h 7 isoforms were observed in C-terminal cysteine residues, pepsin and trypsin cleavage sites and 3 single amino acid substitutions. The majority of peanut-allergic patients are sensitized to isoform Ara h 7.0201, which is functionally as active as Ara h 2.0201 and 6.01. Unique epitopes are most likely located in the C-terminus or an allergenic loop region which is a known allergenic epitope region for Ara h 2.0201 and 6.01. Due to its unique epitopes and allergenicity, it is an interesting candidate to improve the diagnostic accuracy for peanut allergy. © 2018 The Authors. Clinical & Experimental Allergy Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.

  17. Feasibility of transesophageal echocardiography in birds without cardiac disease.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Beaufrère, Hugues; Pariaut, Romain; Nevarez, Javier G; Tully, Thomas N

    2010-03-01

    To establish a technique of transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) in birds without cardiac disease and describe the imaging planes obtained. Validation study. 18 birds including 3 pigeons (Columbia livia), 3 barred owls (Strix varia), 2 red-tailed hawks (Buteo jamaicensis), 1 goose (Anser anser), 1 mallard duck (Anas platyrhynchos), 1 Muscovy duck (Cairina moschata), 2 brown pelicans (Pelecanus occidentalis), 2 Hispaniolan Amazon parrots (Amazona ventralis), 2 red-fronted macaws (Ara rubrogenys), and 1 military macaw (Ara militaris). For each bird, anesthesia was induced and maintained by use of isoflurane. A pediatric, multiplane transesophageal ultrasound probe was passed into the esophagus and adjusted to the level of the heart for echocardiography. Probe positions were recorded via fluoroscopy, and associated imaging planes were described. TEE was performed successfully in all birds except the pelicans, 1 Hispaniolan Amazon parrot, and the red-fronted macaws. Five imaging planes of the heart were consistently viewed from 3 positions of the probe (identified as caudal, middle, and cranial positions relative to the cardiac silhouette). M-mode echocardiography of the left ventricle and the aortic root was performed. Color flow and spectral Doppler ultrasonographic images of in- and outflow regions were obtained. One Hispaniolan Amazon parrot died as a result of esophageal perforation. TEE examination of birds was feasible and provided a larger number of imaging planes with better resolution and details than those typically achieved via a transcoelomic approach. However, TEE should be performed with caution in psittacines.

  18. Effect of roasting on the allergenicity of major peanut allergens Ara h 1 and Ara h 2/6: the necessity of degranulation assays

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Vissers, Y. M.; Iwan, M.; Adel-Patient, K.

    2011-01-01

    process on the allergenicity of Ara h 1 and a mix of 2S albumins from peanut (Ara h 2/6). Methods Ara h 1 and Ara h 2/6 were purified from raw peanuts and heated in a dry form for 20 min at 145 degrees C in the presence (R + g) or absence (R - g) of glucose, and soluble proteins were then extracted. Sera...... obtained from 12 well-characterized peanut-allergic patients were used to assess the IgE binding and degranulation capacities of the allergens. Results Extensive heating at low moisture resulted in the hydrolysis of both Ara h 1 and Ara h 2/6. However, in contrast to Ara h 2/6, soluble R + g Ara h 1 formed...... large aggregates. Although the IgE-binding capacity of R + g and R - g Ara h 1 was decreased 9000- and 3.6-fold, respectively, compared with native Ara h 1, their capacity to elicit mediator release was increased. Conversely, both the IgE-binding capacity and the degranulation capacity of R - g Ara h 2...

  19. Specific IgE to peanut 2S albumin Ara h 7 has a discriminative ability comparable to Ara h 2 and 6

    NARCIS (Netherlands)

    Blankestijn, Mark A; Otten, Henry G.; Suer, Waltraud; Weimann, Alf; Knol, Edward F; Knulst, André C

    BACKGROUND: Little is known on the clinical relevance of peanut 2S albumin Ara h 7. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the discriminative ability of Ara h 7 in peanut allergy and assess the role of cross-reactivity between Ara h 2, 6 and Ara h 7 isoforms. METHODS: Sensitization to recombinant peanut storage

  20. Prevalence of acid-reducing agents (ARA) in cancer populations and ARA drug-drug interaction potential for molecular targeted agents in clinical development.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Smelick, Gillian S; Heffron, Timothy P; Chu, Laura; Dean, Brian; West, David A; Duvall, Scott L; Lum, Bert L; Budha, Nageshwar; Holden, Scott N; Benet, Leslie Z; Frymoyer, Adam; Dresser, Mark J; Ware, Joseph A

    2013-11-04

    Acid-reducing agents (ARAs) are the most commonly prescribed medications in North America and Western Europe. There are currently no data describing the prevalence of their use among cancer patients. However, this is a paramount question due to the potential for significant drug-drug interactions (DDIs) between ARAs, most commonly proton pump inhibitors (PPIs), and orally administered cancer therapeutics that display pH-dependent solubility, which may lead to decreased drug absorption and decreased therapeutic benefit. Of recently approved orally administered cancer therapeutics, >50% are characterized as having pH-dependent solubility, but there are currently no data describing the potential for this ARA-DDI liability among targeted agents currently in clinical development. The objectives of this study were to (1) determine the prevalence of ARA use among different cancer populations and (2) investigate the prevalence of orally administered cancer therapeutics currently in development that may be liable for an ARA-DDI. To address the question of ARA use among cancer patients, a retrospective cross-sectional analysis was performed using two large healthcare databases: Thomson Reuters MarketScan (N = 1,776,443) and the U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs (VA, N = 1,171,833). Among all cancer patients, the total prevalence proportion of ARA use (no. of cancer patients receiving an ARA/total no. of cancer patients) was 20% and 33% for the MarketScan and VA databases, respectively. PPIs were the most commonly prescribed agent, comprising 79% and 65% of all cancer patients receiving a prescription for an ARA (no. of cancer patients receiving a PPI /no. of cancer patients receiving an ARA) for the MarketScan and VA databases, respectively. To estimate the ARA-DDI liability of orally administered molecular targeted cancer therapeutics currently in development, two publicly available databases, (1) Kinase SARfari and (2) canSAR, were examined. For those orally administered

  1. Production of alkyl esters from macaw palm oil by a sequential hydrolysis/esterification process using heterogeneous biocatalysts: optimization by response surface methodology.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Bressani, Ana Paula P; Garcia, Karen C A; Hirata, Daniela B; Mendes, Adriano A

    2015-02-01

    The present study deals with the enzymatic synthesis of alkyl esters with emollient properties by a sequential hydrolysis/esterification process (hydroesterification) using unrefined macaw palm oil from pulp seeds (MPPO) as feedstock. Crude enzymatic extract from dormant castor bean seeds was used as biocatalyst in the production of free fatty acids (FFA) by hydrolysis of MPPO. Esterification of purified FFA with several alcohols in heptane medium was catalyzed by immobilized Thermomyces lanuginosus lipase (TLL) on poly-hydroxybutyrate (PHB) particles. Under optimal experimental conditions (mass ratio oil:buffer of 35% m/m, reaction temperature of 35 °C, biocatalyst concentration of 6% m/m, and stirring speed of 1,000 rpm), complete hydrolysis of MPPO was reached after 110 min of reaction. Maximum ester conversion percentage of 92.4 ± 0.4% was reached using hexanol as acyl acceptor at 750 mM of each reactant after 15 min of reaction. The biocatalyst retained full activity after eight successive cycles of esterification reaction. These results show that the proposed process is a promising strategy for the synthesis of alkyl esters of industrial interest from macaw palm oil, an attractive option for the Brazilian oleochemical industry.

  2. Peanut allergen Ara h 3: Isolation from peanuts and biochemical characterization

    NARCIS (Netherlands)

    Koppelman, S.J.; Knol, E.F.; Vlooswijk, R.A.A.; Wensing, M.; Knulst, A.C.; Hefle, S.L.; Gruppen, H.; Piersma, S.

    2003-01-01

    Background: Peanut allergen Ara h 3 has been the subject of investigation for the last few years. The reported data strongly depend on recombinant Ara h 3, since a purification protocol for Ara h 3 from peanuts was not available. Methods: Peanut allergen Ara h 3 (glycinin), was purified and its

  3. Amorphous diamond-structured photonic crystal in the feather barbs of the scarlet macaw.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Yin, Haiwei; Dong, Biqin; Liu, Xiaohan; Zhan, Tianrong; Shi, Lei; Zi, Jian; Yablonovitch, Eli

    2012-07-03

    Noniridescent coloration by the spongy keratin in parrot feather barbs has fascinated scientists. Nonetheless, its ultimate origin remains as yet unanswered, and a quantitative structural and optical description is still lacking. Here we report on structural and optical characterizations and numerical simulations of the blue feather barbs of the scarlet macaw. We found that the sponge in the feather barbs is an amorphous diamond-structured photonic crystal with only short-range order. It possesses an isotropic photonic pseudogap that is ultimately responsible for the brilliant noniridescent coloration. We further unravel an ingenious structural optimization for attaining maximum coloration apparently resulting from natural evolution. Upon increasing the material refractive index above the level provided by nature, there is an interesting transition from a photonic pseudogap to a complete bandgap.

  4. Amorphous diamond-structured photonic crystal in the feather barbs of the scarlet macaw

    Science.gov (United States)

    Yin, Haiwei; Dong, Biqin; Liu, Xiaohan; Zhan, Tianrong; Shi, Lei; Zi, Jian; Yablonovitch, Eli

    2012-01-01

    Noniridescent coloration by the spongy keratin in parrot feather barbs has fascinated scientists. Nonetheless, its ultimate origin remains as yet unanswered, and a quantitative structural and optical description is still lacking. Here we report on structural and optical characterizations and numerical simulations of the blue feather barbs of the scarlet macaw. We found that the sponge in the feather barbs is an amorphous diamond-structured photonic crystal with only short-range order. It possesses an isotropic photonic pseudogap that is ultimately responsible for the brilliant noniridescent coloration. We further unravel an ingenious structural optimization for attaining maximum coloration apparently resulting from natural evolution. Upon increasing the material refractive index above the level provided by nature, there is an interesting transition from a photonic pseudogap to a complete bandgap. PMID:22615350

  5. Docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and arachidonic acid (ARA) balance in developmental outcomes.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Colombo, John; Jill Shaddy, D; Kerling, Elizabeth H; Gustafson, Kathleen M; Carlson, Susan E

    2017-06-01

    The DHA Intake and Measurement of Neural Development (DIAMOND) trial represents one of only a few studies of the long-term dose-response effects of LCPUFA-supplemented formula feeding during infancy. The trial contrasted the effects of four formulations: 0.00% docosahexaenoic acid (DHA)/0.00% arachidonic acid (ARA), 0.32% DHA/0.64% ARA, 0.64% DHA/0.64% ARA, and 0.96% DHA/0.64% ARA against a control condition (0.00% DHA/0.00% ARA). The results of this trial have been published elsewhere, and show improved cognitive outcomes for infants fed supplemented formulas, but a common finding among many of the outcomes show a reduction of benefit for the highest DHA dose (i.e., 0.96%DHA/0.64% ARA, that is, a DHA: ARA ratio 1.5:1.0). The current paper gathers and summarizes the evidence for the reduction of benefit at this dose, and in an attempt to account for this reduced benefit, presents for the first time data from infants' red blood cell (RBC) assays taken at 4 and 12 months of age. Those assays indicate that blood DHA levels generally rose with increased DHA supplementation, although those levels tended to plateau as the DHA-supplemented level exceeded 0.64%. Perhaps more importantly, ARA levels showed a strong inverted-U function in response to increased DHA supplementation; indeed, infants assigned to the formula with the highest dose of DHA (and highest DHA/ARA ratio) showed a reduction in blood ARA relative to more intermediate DHA doses. This finding raises the possibility that reduced ARA may be responsible for the reduction in benefit on cognitive outcomes seen at this dose. The findings implicate the DHA/ARA balance as an important variable in the contribution of LCPUFAs to cognitive and behavioral development in infancy. Copyright © 2017 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

  6. Reduction and alkylation of peanut allergen isoforms Ara h 2 and Ara h 6; Characterization of intermediate- and end products

    NARCIS (Netherlands)

    Apostolovic, D.; Luykx, D.; Warmenhoven, H.; Verbart, D.; Stanic-Vucinic, D.; Jong, G.A.H. de; Velickovic, T.C.; Koppelman, S.J.

    2013-01-01

    Conglutins, the major peanut allergens, Ara h 2 and Ara h 6, are highly structured proteins stabilized by multiple disulfide bridges and are stable towards heat-denaturation and digestion. We sought a way to reduce their potent allergenicity in view of the development of immunotherapy for peanut

  7. The Antimetabolite ara-CTP Blocks Long-Term Memory of Conditioned Taste Aversion

    OpenAIRE

    Wang, Jianpeng; Ren, Keqin; Pérez, Javier; Silva, Alcino J.; Peña de Ortiz, Sandra

    2003-01-01

    We examined the hypothesis that processes related to DNA recombination and repair are involved in learning and memory. Rats received intracerebroventricular (icv) infusions of the antimetabolite 1-beta-D-arabinofuranosylcytosine triphosphate (ara-CTP) or its precursor cytosine arabinoside (ara-C) 30 min prior to conditioned taste aversion (CTA) training. Both ara-CTP and ara-C caused significant impairments in long-term memory (LTM) of CTA. Control experiments indicate that the effect of ara-...

  8. Production of Recombinant Peanut Allergen Ara h 2 using Lactococcus lactis

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Frøkiær Hanne

    2007-08-01

    Full Text Available Abstract Background Natural allergen sources can supply large quantities of authentic allergen mixtures for use as immunotherapeutics. However, such extracts are complex, difficult to define, vary from batch to batch, which may lead to unpredictable efficacy and/or unacceptable levels of side effects. The use of recombinant expression systems for allergen production can alleviate some of these issues. Several allergens have been tested in high-level expression systems and in most cases show immunereactivity comparable to their natural counterparts. The gram positive lactic acid bacterium Lactococcus lactis is an attractive microorganism for use in the production of protein therapeutics. L. lactis is considered food grade, free of endotoxins, and is able to secrete the heterologous product together with few other native proteins. Hypersensitivity to peanut represents a serious allergic problem. Some of the major allergens in peanut have been described. However, for therapeutic usage more information about the individual allergenic components is needed. In this paper we report recombinant production of the Ara h 2 peanut allergen using L. lactis. Results A synthetic ara h 2 gene was cloned into an L. lactis expression plasmid containing the P170 promoter and the SP310mut2 signal sequence. Flask cultures grown overnight showed secretion of the 17 kDa Ara h 2 protein. A batch fermentation resulted in 40 mg/L recombinant Ara h 2. Purification of Ara h 2 from the culture supernatant was done by hydrophobic exclusion and size separation. Mass spectrometry and N-terminal analysis showed a recombinant Ara h 2 of full length and correctly processed by the signal peptidase. The immunological activity of recombinant Ara h 2 was analysed by ELISA using antibodies specific for native Ara h 2. The recombinant Ara h 2 showed comparable immunereactivity to that of native Ara h 2. Conclusion Recombinant production of Ara h 2 using L. lactis can offer high yields

  9. The antimetabolite ara-CTP blocks long-term memory of conditioned taste aversion.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Wang, Jianpeng; Ren, Keqin; Pérez, Javier; Silva, Alcino J; Peña de Ortiz, Sandra

    2003-01-01

    We examined the hypothesis that processes related to DNA recombination and repair are involved in learning and memory. Rats received intracerebroventricular (i.c.v.) infusions of the antimetabolite 1-beta-D-arabinofuranosylcytosine triphosphate (ara-CTP) or its precursor cytosine arabinoside (ara-C) 30 min prior to conditioned taste aversion (CTA) training. Both ara-CTP and ara-C caused significant impairments in long-term memory (LTM) of CTA. Control experiments indicate that the effect of ara-CTP on CTA memory is related to interference with learning. Furthermore, as it was previously demonstrated for the protein synthesis inhibitor anisomycin, ara-CTP had no effect on CTA memory when it was injected 1 h after training. Importantly, although both ara-CTP and anisomycin significantly blocked LTM in the task, short-term memory (STM) measured 1 h after training was not affected by either of the drugs. Finally, ara-CTP had no effect on in vitro transcription, but it did effectively block nonhomologous DNA end joining (NHEJ) activity of brain protein extracts. We suggest that DNA ligase-mediated DNA recombination and repair processes are necessary for the expression of LTM in the brain.

  10. Mixed antibody and T cell responses to peanut and the peanut allergens Ara h 1, Ara h 2, Ara h 3 and Ara h 6 in an oral sensitization model

    NARCIS (Netherlands)

    Wijk, F. van; Hartgring, S.; Koppelman, S.J.; Pieters, R.; Knippels, L.M.J.

    2004-01-01

    Background: Peanut allergy is known for its severity and persistence through life. Several peanut proteins have been identified as allergenic and are indicated as Ara h 1-7. Very little is known about the mechanisms that underlie sensitization to peanut proteins. Objective: The purpose of the

  11. Isoforms of the major peanut allergen Ara h 2: IgE binding in children with peanut allergy.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Hales, Belinda J; Bosco, Anthony; Mills, Kristina L; Hazell, Lee A; Loh, Richard; Holt, Patrick G; Thomas, Wayne R

    2004-10-01

    The major peanut allergen Ara h 2 consists of two isoforms, namely Ara h 2.0101 and Ara h 2.0201. The recently identified Ara h 2.0201 isoform contains an extra 12 amino acids including an extra copy of the reported immunodominant epitope DPYSPS. This study aimed to evaluate the IgE binding of the two Ara h 2 isoforms. Ten clones of Ara h 2 were sequenced to assess the relative frequency of the Ara h 2 isoforms and to identify whether there was further variation in the Ara h 2 sequence. IgE binding to Ara h 2.0101 and Ara h 2.0201 was measured for 70 peanut-allergic children using an IgE DELFIA assay to quantitate specific IgE binding. A competition assay was used to measure whether Ara h 2.0201 contained IgE epitopes other than those found for Ara h 2.0101. The original Ara h 2.0101 sequence was found for 6/10 clones and Ara h 2.0201 was found for 2/10 clones. Ara h 2.0201 had the expected insertion of 12 amino acids as well as substitutions at positions 40 (40G) and 142 (142E). Two new isoforms were identified as different polymorphisms of position 142. One Ara h 2.01 clone (Ara h 2.0102) contained 142E and one Ara h 2.02 clone (Ara h 2.0202) contained 142D. A polymorphism that was previously identified by other investigators at position 77 (77Q or 77R) was not found for any of the 10 sequences. Although the level of IgE binding to Ara h 2.0201 of individual patients was frequently higher than the binding to Ara h 2.0101 (p originally sequenced Ara h 2.0101 isoform and contains other IgE specificities.

  12. Effect of ARA9 on dioxin receptor mediated transcription

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Lees, M.J.; Whitelaw, M.L.

    2002-01-01

    The dioxin (Aryl hydrocarbon) receptor (DR) is a unique bHLH transcription factor which is activated by binding of planar aromatic hydrocarbons typified by dioxin (TCDD). The active receptor is key to metabolism of aryl hydrocarbon xenobiotics by being a potent inducer of CYP1A1 gene activity. Chlorinated dioxins are inert to metabolism and initiate multifarious toxicities, including potent tumour promotion. These ill-effects are mediated by the activated DR and we are studying the mechanisms by which the ligand binding domain of the DR controls activity of the protein. The DR ligand binding domain resides within a PAS (Per/Arnt/Sim homology) region which is contiguous with the bHLH. The latent bHLH/PAS dioxin receptor (DR) is found in the cytoplasm of most mammalian cell types in a complex with heat shock protein 90, a novel immunophilin like protein termed ARA9/XAP2/AIP, and the co-chaperone p23. Here we use antisense ARA9 constructs to reveal that in the absence of ARA9, the DR is unable to form a transcriptionally active complex. Co-expression of antisense ARA9 with a form of the DR which is constitutively targeted to the nucleus leads to dramatically decreased levels of the nuclear DR protein, implying that ARA9 may function beyond its currently proposed role in cytoplasmic retention of the latent DR

  13. Repetibilidade em características biométricas do fruto de macaúba Repeatability in biometric characteristics of macaw palm fruit

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Candida Elisa Manfio

    2011-01-01

    Full Text Available Estimativas do coeficiente de repetibilidade têm sido utilizadas no estudo de caracteres de várias espécies de palmeiras, auxiliando na definição do número e período adequado de avaliações dos genótipos para maior eficiência dos programas de melhoramento. Para macaúba, não há relatos de estudos dessa natureza. Nesse contexto, faz-se importante a determinação do coeficiente de repetibilidade das seguintes características biométricas dos frutos: peso do fruto, volume do fruto, diâmetro equatorial do fruto, peso da amêndoa, volume da amêndoa, diâmetro da amêndoa e espessura do endocarpo; e a determinação do número mínimo de avaliações para um eficiente processo de seleção e avaliação de subamostras de macaúba. O trabalho foi desenvolvido no Departamento de Fitotecnia da Universidade Federal de Viçosa, analisando-se 145 subamostras de macaúba, provenientes de coletas realizadas nos estados de Minas Gerais, São Paulo, Mato Grosso do Sul, Pará, Maranhão e Pernambuco. Houve diferença significativa para todas as características analisadas e observou-se concordância nas magnitudes dos coeficientes de repetibilidade de cada característica, obtidos pelos diferentes métodos. No entanto, os coeficientes de repetibilidade variam entre as oito características, de 0,68 a 0,99, observados para a característica espessura do endocarpo e volume da amêndoa, respectivamente. As estimativas dos coeficientes de determinação obtidas a partir das 10 repetições para as oito características e pelos quatro métodos foram superiores a 95%. A avaliação de quatro frutos é suficiente para compreensão das características estudadas das subamostras de macaúba com 90% de acurácia.Estimates of repeatability coefficient have been used in character study of several species of palms, helping to define the number and appropriate period of assessment of genotypes to increase the efficiency of breeding programs. For macaw palm

  14. Highly reddened Ara cluster revisited

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Koornneef, J.

    1976-01-01

    New infrared observations in a highly reddened (Asub(V)>12sup(m)) cluster in Ara are presented and discussed. Some of the stars, previously classified as M-type supergiants, exhibit a strong infrared excess to be attributed to thermospheres

  15. IgE epitopes of intact and digested Ara h 1

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Bøgh, Katrine Lindholm; Nielsen, H.; Madsen, Charlotte Bernhard

    2012-01-01

    epitopes have been suggested to be of great importance. ObjectiveThe aim of this study was to identify IgE specific epitopes of intact and digested Ara h 1, and to compare epitope patterns between humans and rats. MethodsSera from five peanut allergic patients and five Brown Norway rats were used...... to identify intact and digested Ara h 1-specific IgE epitopes by competitive immunoscreening of a phage-displayed random hepta-mer peptide library using polyclonal IgE from the individual sera. The resulting peptide sequences were mapped on the surface of a three-dimensional structure of the Ara h 1 molecule...... to mimic epitopes using a computer-based algorithm. ResultsPatients as well as rats were shown to have individual IgE epitope patterns. All epitope mimics were conformational and found to cluster into three different areas of the Ara h 1 molecule. Five epitope motifs were identified by patient IgE, which...

  16. ARA290 : a novel treatment for neuropathic pain in sarcoidosis

    NARCIS (Netherlands)

    Heij, L.

    2016-01-01

    The general aim of this thesis is to investigate small fiber neuropathy in sarcoidosis and to asses whether ARA290 is a possible new agent to treat the neuropathic complaints in sarcoidosis population. The results of the various ARA290 trials in painful sarcoidosis are discussed. Painful neuropathy

  17. Reduction and alkylation of peanut allergen isoforms Ara h 2 and Ara h 6; characterization of intermediate- and end products.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Apostolovic, Danijela; Luykx, Dion; Warmenhoven, Hans; Verbart, Dennis; Stanic-Vucinic, Dragana; de Jong, Govardus A H; Velickovic, Tanja Cirkovic; Koppelman, Stef J

    2013-12-01

    Conglutins, the major peanut allergens, Ara h 2 and Ara h 6, are highly structured proteins stabilized by multiple disulfide bridges and are stable towards heat-denaturation and digestion. We sought a way to reduce their potent allergenicity in view of the development of immunotherapy for peanut allergy. Isoforms of conglutin were purified, reduced with dithiothreitol and subsequently alkylated with iodoacetamide. The effect of this modification was assessed on protein folding and IgE-binding. We found that all disulfide bridges were reduced and alkylated. As a result, the secondary structure lost α-helix and gained some β-structure content, and the tertiary structure stability was reduced. On a functional level, the modification led to a strongly decreased IgE-binding. Using conditions for limited reduction and alkylation, partially reduced and alkylated proteins were found with rearranged disulfide bridges and, in some cases, intermolecular cross-links were found. Peptide mass finger printing was applied to control progress of the modification reaction and to map novel disulfide bonds. There was no preference for the order in which disulfides were reduced, and disulfide rearrangement occurred in a non-specific way. Only minor differences in kinetics of reduction and alkylation were found between the different conglutin isoforms. We conclude that the peanut conglutins Ara h 2 and Ara h 6 can be chemically modified by reduction and alkylation, such that they substantially unfold and that their allergenic potency decreases. © 2013.

  18. 14-18 yaş arası ergenlerin benlik saygısı ve psikolojik dayanıklılık düzeyleri arasındaki ilişki

    OpenAIRE

    Sarıkaya, Açelya

    2015-01-01

    Bu araştırmanın amacı lise çağındaki ergenlerin benlik saygıları ile psikolojik dayanıklılıkları arasındaki ilişkinin incelenmesidir. Bunun yanı sıra teorik anlamda benlik saygısıyla ilişkili olduğu düşünülen; cinsiyet, yaş, doğum sırası, ebeveynlerin eğitim durumu, ebeveynlerin birliktelik durumu, algılanan sosyoekonomik düzey gibi demografik özelliklerin de bu değişkenle ilişkileri araştırılmıştır. Araştırmada ilişkisel tarama modeli kullanılmıştır ve araştırmanın evrenini Yalova ...

  19. Standardization of RP-HPLC methods for the detection of the major peanut allergens Ara h 1, Ara h 2 and Ara h 3

    Science.gov (United States)

    Crude peanut extract (CPE) was analyzed for three major allergens (Ara h 1, h 2, and h 3) using a C12 and a C18 column at two wavelengths (280 and 220 nm) and under different solvent conditions. HPLC profiles were compared for retention time, resolution, and peak heights. CPE samples were spiked wit...

  20. Digested Ara h 1 Loses Sensitizing Capacity When Separated into Fractions

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Bøgh, Katrine Lindholm; Barkholt, Vibeke; Rigby, Neil M.

    2012-01-01

    The major peanut allergen Ara h 1 is an easily digestible protein under physiological conditions. The present study revealed that pepsin digestion products of Ara h 1 retained the sensitizing potential in a Brown Norway rat model, while this sensitizing capacity was lost by separating the digest...

  1. Management of specific and excessive posturing behavior in a hyacinth macaw (Anodorhynchus hyacinthinus) by using applied behavior analysis.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Clayton, Leigh Ann; Friedman, Susan G; Evans, Liz A

    2012-06-01

    Applied behavior analysis was used in a female hyacinth macaw (Anodorhynchus hyacinthinus) to reduce specific, excessive mating-type posturing that had become disruptive due to increased frequency, duration, and intensity. A functional assessment and intervention design worksheet was used to evaluate behavior-environment relations and to develop an individualized behavior-change plan. The functional assessment indicated that human attention was maintaining the behavior. The intervention, differential reinforcement of incompatible behavior, was implemented to increase attention for standing upright and to remove attention for posturing. Within 1 month, posturing decreased to acceptable levels and was replaced with an upright posture. Problem behaviors that appear "reproductive" may be responsive to behavior management alone. Applied behavior analysis and a functional assessment and intervention design are ideal tools to address problem behavior in avian patients.

  2. A draft de novo genome assembly for the northern bobwhite (Colinus virginianus reveals evidence for a rapid decline in effective population size beginning in the Late Pleistocene.

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Yvette A Halley

    Full Text Available Wild populations of northern bobwhites (Colinus virginianus; hereafter bobwhite have declined across nearly all of their U.S. range, and despite their importance as an experimental wildlife model for ecotoxicology studies, no bobwhite draft genome assembly currently exists. Herein, we present a bobwhite draft de novo genome assembly with annotation, comparative analyses including genome-wide analyses of divergence with the chicken (Gallus gallus and zebra finch (Taeniopygia guttata genomes, and coalescent modeling to reconstruct the demographic history of the bobwhite for comparison to other birds currently in decline (i.e., scarlet macaw; Ara macao. More than 90% of the assembled bobwhite genome was captured within 14,000 unique genes and proteins. Bobwhite analyses of divergence with the chicken and zebra finch genomes revealed many extremely conserved gene sequences, and evidence for lineage-specific divergence of noncoding regions. Coalescent models for reconstructing the demographic history of the bobwhite and the scarlet macaw provided evidence for population bottlenecks which were temporally coincident with human colonization of the New World, the late Pleistocene collapse of the megafauna, and the last glacial maximum. Demographic trends predicted for the bobwhite and the scarlet macaw also were concordant with how opposing natural selection strategies (i.e., skewness in the r-/K-selection continuum would be expected to shape genome diversity and the effective population sizes in these species, which is directly relevant to future conservation efforts.

  3. Structure, Function and Epitope Mapping the Peanut Panallergen Ara h 8

    Science.gov (United States)

    The incidence of peanut allergy continues to rise in the US and Europe. Whereas exposure to the major allergens Ara h 1, 2, 3, and 6 can cause fatal anaphylaxis, exposure to the minor allergens usually does not. Ara h 8 is a minor allergen. Importantly, it is the minor food allergens that are though...

  4. Circumvention of ara-C resistance by aphidicolin in blast cells from patients with AML.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Sargent, J M; Elgie, A W; Williamson, C J; Lewandowicz, G M; Taylor, C G

    2001-03-02

    Treatment failure in AML is often attributed to P-glycoprotein-associated multidrug resistance. However, the importance of increased DNA repair in resistant cells is becoming more apparent. In order to investigate the ability of the DNA repair inhibitor aphidicolin to modulate drug resistance, we continually exposed blasts cells, isolated from 22 patients with AML, to a variety of agents +/- 15 microM aphidicolin for 48 hours. Cell survival was measured using the MTT assay. Overall, there was no significant effect of aphidicolin on sensitivity to daunorubicin, doxorubicin, etoposide or fludarabine. However, there was a marked increase in sensitivity to ara-C with a median 4.75-fold increase overall (range 0.8-80-fold;P< 0.005). The effect of aphidicolin was significantly greater in blast cells found resistant in vitro to ara-C (8.9-fold compared to 2.12-fold, P< 0.01). This observation was further validated by the correlation between ara-C LC(50)and extent of modulation effect (P< 0.05). Cells isolated from 10 cord blood samples were also tested in order to establish the haematological toxicity of combining ara-C and aphidicolin. The therapeutic index (LC(50)normal cells/tumour cells) for ara-C + aphidicolin was higher than that for ara-C alone suggesting no increased myelotoxicity for the combination. Increased cytotoxicity without increased haematotoxicity makes the combination of ara-C plus aphidicolin ideal for inclusion in future clinical trials. Copyright 2001 Cancer Research Campaign.

  5. Arañas asociadas a la floración de Drimys granadensis (Winteraceae)

    OpenAIRE

    MARQUÍNEZ, XAVIER; JULIANA, CEPEDA; LARA, KATHERINE; SARMIENTO, RODRIGO

    2010-01-01

    Drimys granadensis (Winteraceae) es un árbol frecuente en los bosques altoandinos, con un sistema de polinización entomófilo abierto. En este trabajo se identificaron las arañas asociadas a D. granadensis en relación con las fases fenológicas florales y con los insectos visitantes. Encontramos un total de 53 adultos de arañas de siete familias (Araneidae, Thetragnathidae, Theridiidae, Linyphiidae, Thomisidae, Salticidae y Aniphaenidae) y 12 morfoespecies. Las arañas tuvieron preferencia por f...

  6. Differences in the Uptake of Ara h 3 from Raw and Roasted Peanut by Monocyte-Derived Dendritic Cells.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Cabanillas, Beatriz; Maleki, Soheila J; Cheng, Hsiaopo; Novak, Natalija

    2018-06-07

    Roasting has been implicated in the increase of peanut allergenicity due to the chemical reactions that occur during the process. However, this increase is not fully understood, and little information is available regarding the role of roasted peanut allergens in the initial phase of allergy, where dendritic cells (DCs) play a key role. We sought to analyze differences in the internalization of Ara h 3 from raw and roasted peanut by immature monocyte-derived DCs (MDDCs) and the implication of the mannose receptor in the uptake. Ara h 3 was purified from raw and roasted peanut (Ara h 3-raw and Ara h 3-roas) and labeled with a fluorescent dye. The labeled allergens were added to MDDCs obtained from 7 donors and internalization was analyzed after 10, 30, and 120 min by flow cytometry. In parallel, mannan, which blocks the mannose receptor, was added 30 min before adding the labeled allergens. Results showed that the internalization of Ara h 3-roas by MDDCs was significantly increased at every time point. However, the increase in the internalization of Ara h 3-raw was only significant after 2 h of incubation. Ara h 3-roas had an enhanced capacity to be internalized by MDDCs in comparison with Ara h 3-raw at every time point. Blocking the mannose receptor decreased the internalization of Ara h 3-roas but not Ara h 3-raw. In conclusion, the internalization of Ara h 3-roas by the MDDCs is enhanced when compared to Ara h 3-raw, and the mannose receptor might be implicated in this enhancement. © 2018 S. Karger AG, Basel.

  7. Heat processing of peanut seed enhances the sensitization potential of the major peanut allergen Ara h 6.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Guillon, Blanche; Bernard, Hervé; Drumare, Marie-Françoise; Hazebrouck, Stéphane; Adel-Patient, Karine

    2016-12-01

    Processing of food has been shown to impact IgE binding and functionality of food allergens. In the present study, we investigated the impact of heat processing on the sensitization capacity of Ara h 6, a major peanut allergen and one of the most potent elicitors of the allergic reaction. Peanut extracts obtained from raw or heat-processed peanut and some fractions thereof were biochemically and immunochemically characterized. These extracts/fractions, purified Ara h 6, or recombinant Ara h 6 including Ara h 6 mutants lacking disulfide bridges were used in in vitro digestion tests and mouse models of experimental sensitization. Peanut roasting led to the formation of complexes of high molecular weight, notably between Ara h 6 and Ara h 1, which supported the induction of IgE specific to native Ara h 6. On the contrary, a fraction containing free monomeric 2S albumins or purified native Ara h 6 displayed no intrinsic allergenicity. In addition to complex formation, heat denaturation and/or partial destabilization enhanced Ara h 6 immunogenicity and increased its sensitivity to digestion. These results suggest that sensitization potency and IgE binding capacity can be supported by different structures, modified and/or produced during food processing in interaction with other food constituents. © 2016 The Authors. Molecular Nutrition & Food Research published by WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim.

  8. Testing the antidepressant properties of the peptide ARA290 in a human neuropsychological model of drug action.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Cerit, Hilâl; Veer, Ilya M; Dahan, Albert; Niesters, Marieke; Harmer, Catherine J; Miskowiak, Kamilla W; Rombouts, Serge A R B; Van der Does, Willem

    2015-12-01

    Studies on the neural effects of Erythropoietin (EPO) indicate that EPO may have antidepressant effects. Due to its hematopoietic effects, EPO may cause serious side-effects with repeated administration if patients are not monitored extensively. ARA290 is an EPO-analog peptide without such hematopoietic side-effects but may have neurotrophic and antidepressant effects. The aim of this study was to investigate the possible antidepressant effects of ARA290 in a neuropsychological model of drug action. Healthy participants (N=36) received ARA290 (2mg) or placebo in a double-blind, randomized, parallel-group design. Neural and cognitive effects were assessed one week after administration. Primary outcome measures were the neural processing of fearful vs happy faces and the behavioral recognition of emotional facial expressions. ARA290-treated individuals displayed lower neural responses to happy faces in the fusiform gyrus. ARA290 tended to lower the recognition of happy and disgust facial expressions. Although ARA290 was not associated with a better memory for positive words, it was associated with faster categorization of positive vs negative words. Finally, ARA290 increased attention towards positive emotional pictures. No effects were observed on mood and affective symptoms. ARA290 may modulate some aspects of emotional processing, however, the direction and the strength of its effects do not unequivocally support an antidepressant-like profile for ARA290. Future studies may investigate the effects of different timing and dose. Copyright © 2015 Elsevier B.V. and ECNP. All rights reserved.

  9. ARA24/Ran enhances the androgen-dependent NH2- and COOH-terminal interaction of the androgen receptor

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Harada, Naoki; Ohmori, Yuji; Yamaji, Ryoichi; Higashimura, Yasuki; Okamoto, Kazuki; Isohashi, Fumihide; Nakano, Yoshihisa; Inui, Hiroshi

    2008-01-01

    The androgen receptor (AR) acts as an androgen-dependent transcription factor controlling the development of prostate tissue. Upon binding to androgen, AR undergoes a dynamic structural change leading to interaction between the NH 2 - and COOH-terminal regions of AR (N-C interaction). ARA24/Ran, which is a small GTPase, functions as an AR coactivator. Here, we report that ARA24/Ran enhances the N-C interaction of AR. The constitutively GTP- or GDP-bound form of ARA24/Ran repressed the AR N-C interaction. ARA24/Ran did not enhance the transcriptional activities of AR mutants that disrupt the N-C interaction. ARA24/Ran formed an endogenous protein complex with nuclear AR, but not cytoplasmic AR. Unlike SRC-1 with the positive activity for AR N-C interaction, ARA24/Ran did not enhance the transcriptional activity of the COOH-terminal domain-deleted AR mutant that is constitutively localized in the nucleus. These data demonstrate that ARA24/Ran increases AR transactivation by enhancing the AR N-C interaction in the nucleus

  10. Testing the antidepressant properties of the peptide ARA290 in a human neuropsychological model of drug action

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Cerit, Hilâl; Veer, Ilya M; Dahan, Albert

    2015-01-01

    , parallel-group design. Neural and cognitive effects were assessed one week after administration. Primary outcome measures were the neural processing of fearful vs happy faces and the behavioral recognition of emotional facial expressions. ARA290-treated individuals displayed lower neural responses to happy...... faces in the fusiform gyrus. ARA290 tended to lower the recognition of happy and disgust facial expressions. Although ARA290 was not associated with a better memory for positive words, it was associated with faster categorization of positive vs negative words. Finally, ARA290 increased attention towards...... positive emotional pictures. No effects were observed on mood and affective symptoms. ARA290 may modulate some aspects of emotional processing, however, the direction and the strength of its effects do not unequivocally support an antidepressant-like profile for ARA290. Future studies may investigate...

  11. Estudio citogenético de tres especies de guacamayas ( Ara clhoroptera , Ara ararauna y Ara macao en cautiverio, pruebas preliminares

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    C. Stelle

    2001-07-01

    Full Text Available Este trabajo busca presentar el primer reporte de bandeo cromosómico, en tres especies del género Ara encontradas en el territorio nacional; y así contribuir al conocimiento genotípico de la especie, el cual serviría en programas de conservación y reproducción en cautiverio o espacios abiertos controlados, y la posible aplicación metodológica a otras especies del mismo género. Así mismo, colaborar con el establecimiento de un banco de información genética en especies silvestres neotropicales.

  12. Assessing the use of forest islands by parrot species in a neotropical savanna

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Igor Berkunsky

    2015-06-01

    Full Text Available Understanding the effect of habitat fragmentation is a fundamental yet complicated aim of many ecological studies. Beni savanna is a naturally fragmented forest habitat, where forest islands exhibit variation in resources and threats. To understand how the availability of resources and threats affect the use of forest islands by parrots, we applied occupancy modeling to quantify use and detection probabilities for 12 parrot species on 60 forest islands. The presence of urucuri (Attalea phalerata and macaw (Acrocomia aculeata palms, the number of tree cavities on the islands, and the presence of selective logging,and fire were included as covariates associated with availability of resources and threats. The model-selection analysis indicated that both resources and threats variables explained the use of forest islands by parrots. For most species, the best models confirmed predictions. The number of cavities was positively associated with use of forest islands by 11 species. The area of the island and the presence of macaw palm showed a positive association with the probability of use by seven and five species, respectively, while selective logging and fire showed a negative association with five and six species, respectively. The Blue-throated Macaw (Ara glaucogularis, the critically endangered parrot species endemic to our study area, was the only species that showed a negative association with both threats. Monitoring continues to be essential to evaluate conservation and management actions of parrot populations. Understanding of how species are using this natural fragmented habitat will help determine which fragments should be preserved and which conservation actions are needed.

  13. Detection of Peanut Allergen Ara h 6 in Commercially Processed Foods using a Single-Walled Carbon Nanotube-Based Biosensor.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Sobhan, Abdus; Oh, Jun-Hyun; Park, Mi-Kyung; Lee, Jinyoung

    2018-06-12

    Background : The peanut protein Arachis hypogaea (Ara h) 6 is one ofthe most serious food allergens that contributes to food-related, life-threatening problems worldwide. The extremely low allergic dose demands for more selective and rapid methods for detecting Ara h 6. Objective : The goal of this study was to develop a single-walled carbon nanotube (SWCNT)-based biosensor for the rapid detection of Ara h 6 in commercial food products. Methods : The detection principle of this biosensor was based on the binding of Ara h 6 to the anti-Ara h 6 antibody (pAb) through 1-pyrenibutanoic acid succinimidyl ester. The resistance difference (ΔR) was calculated via linear sweep voltammetry using a potentiostat. Results : The ∆R increased as the Ara h 6 concentrations increased above the range of 10 0 -10 7 pg/L. A specificity analysis showed that the anti-Ara h 6 pAb selectively interacted with Ara h 6 molecules in the buffer solution (pH 7.4). Conclusions : This research proposes that an SWCNT-based biosensor in self-assembly with antibodies could be an effective tool for the rapid detection of allergen proteins in food. Highlights : The developed biosensor exhibited higher sensitivity and selectivity. Application studies resulted in precise Ara h 6 detection in peanut-containing processed food.

  14. Notas sobre Algunas Arañas de Antioquia.

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    H. Daniel

    1940-09-01

    Full Text Available Las arañas son animales del grupo de los artrópodos, que se caracterizan por la presencia de dos partes marcadamente distintas del cuerpo, la anterior, denominada cefalotórax, de la cual se desprenden las patas en número de cuatro pares, y la posterior o abdomen, que es relativamente prominente, en cuya terminación, por la parte inferior, se halla el opérculo anal rodeado generalmente de seis pequeños mamelones o hileras que son el órgano esencial para la fabricación de la tela. Por regla general, los arácnidos están provistos de glándulas secretoras de substancias tóxicas. El estudio de estos venenos y su acción en los organismos vivos y en especial en el hombre, constituye lo que se llama el araneísmo. Las arañas que hacen sus telas en los rincones de las habitaciones no presentan importancia a este respecto, pues cuando por una rara circunstancia algunas de estas arañas han picado a alguno, dicha no tiene trascendencia de ninguna especie; su presencia puede ser más bien útil, pues destruyen zancudos, polillas, etc., de modo que si no fuera por el singular adorno de sus .telas que dan aspecto de suciedad a una habitación, podría hasta conservárselas.

  15. Technological differences between açai and juçara pulps and their sorbets

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Ana Paula Silva Siqueira

    2017-11-01

    Full Text Available Abstract Açai and juçara are palm trees that produce similar fruits. However, only the sale of açai is growing on the market for pulps and processed products for human consumption. The aim of this study was to compare açai and juçara pulps from the chemical, bioactive, rheological and technological points of view. Sorbets were elaborated with the pulps and evaluations were carried out regarding the antioxidant activity, polyphenols, anthocyanins, pH, acidity, soluble solids, ratio and colour. The pulps were evaluated rheologically and the sorbets for melting time. Juçara showed better results regarding the bioactive parameters (antioxidants ≈ 151 uM ferrous sulphate/ g and anthocyanins ≈ 77 mg.100g-1 and presented a more intense colour (Chroma 17. The pulps were physicochemically similar. The sorbet preserved much of the nutrients and presented a very intense colour, mainly in the juçara sorbet.

  16. Sensitive and selective magnetoimmunosensing platform for determination of the food allergen Ara h 1

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Montiel, V. Ruiz-Valdepeñas; Campuzano, S.; Pellicanò, A.; Torrente-Rodríguez, R.M.; Reviejo, A.J.; Cosio, M.S.; Pingarrón, J.M.

    2015-01-01

    Highlights: • First amperometric magnetoimmunosensor for Ara h 1 determination. • Sensitive and selective detection of Ara h 1 in 2 h. • LOD of 6.3 ng mL −1 . • Determinations in food extracts and saliva. • Potential applicability in food safety and consumer protection. - Abstract: A highly sensitive disposable amperometric immunosensor based on the use of magnetic beads (MBs) is described for determination of Ara h 1, the major peanut allergen, in only 2 h. The approach uses a sandwich configuration involving selective capture and biotinylated detector antibodies and carboxylic acid-modified MBs (HOOC-MBs). The MBs bearing the immunoconjugates are captured by a magnet placed under the surface of a disposable screen-printed carbon electrode (SPCE) and the affinity reactions are monitored amperometrically at −0.20 V (vs a Ag pseudo-reference electrode) in the presence of hydroquinone (HQ) as electron transfer mediator and upon addition of H 2 O 2 as the enzyme substrate. The developed immunosensor exhibits a wide range of linearity between 20.8 and 1000.0 ng mL −1 Ara h 1, a detection limit of 6.3 ng mL −1 , a great selectivity, a good reproducibility with a RSD of 6.3% for six different immunosensors and a useful lifetime of 25 days. The usefulness of the immunosensor was demonstrated by determining Ara h 1 in different matrices (food extracts and saliva). The results correlated properly with those provided by a commercial ELISA method offering a reliable and promising analytical screening tool in the development of user-friendly devices for on-site determination of Ara h 1

  17. Sensitive and selective magnetoimmunosensing platform for determination of the food allergen Ara h 1

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Montiel, V. Ruiz-Valdepeñas, E-mail: victor_lega90@hotmail.com [Departamento de Química Analítica, Facultad de CC. Químicas, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, E-28040 Madrid (Spain); Campuzano, S., E-mail: susanacr@quim.ucm.es [Departamento de Química Analítica, Facultad de CC. Químicas, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, E-28040 Madrid (Spain); Pellicanò, A., E-mail: alessandro.pellicano@unimi.it [Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences (DEFENS), University of Milan, Via Celoria 2, 20133 Milan (Italy); Torrente-Rodríguez, R.M., E-mail: rebeca.magnolia@gmail.com [Departamento de Química Analítica, Facultad de CC. Químicas, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, E-28040 Madrid (Spain); Reviejo, A.J., E-mail: reviejo@quim.ucm.es [Departamento de Química Analítica, Facultad de CC. Químicas, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, E-28040 Madrid (Spain); Cosio, M.S., E-mail: stella.cosio@unimi.it [Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences (DEFENS), University of Milan, Via Celoria 2, 20133 Milan (Italy); Pingarrón, J.M., E-mail: pingarro@quim.ucm.es [Departamento de Química Analítica, Facultad de CC. Químicas, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, E-28040 Madrid (Spain)

    2015-06-23

    Highlights: • First amperometric magnetoimmunosensor for Ara h 1 determination. • Sensitive and selective detection of Ara h 1 in 2 h. • LOD of 6.3 ng mL{sup −1}. • Determinations in food extracts and saliva. • Potential applicability in food safety and consumer protection. - Abstract: A highly sensitive disposable amperometric immunosensor based on the use of magnetic beads (MBs) is described for determination of Ara h 1, the major peanut allergen, in only 2 h. The approach uses a sandwich configuration involving selective capture and biotinylated detector antibodies and carboxylic acid-modified MBs (HOOC-MBs). The MBs bearing the immunoconjugates are captured by a magnet placed under the surface of a disposable screen-printed carbon electrode (SPCE) and the affinity reactions are monitored amperometrically at −0.20 V (vs a Ag pseudo-reference electrode) in the presence of hydroquinone (HQ) as electron transfer mediator and upon addition of H{sub 2}O{sub 2} as the enzyme substrate. The developed immunosensor exhibits a wide range of linearity between 20.8 and 1000.0 ng mL{sup −1} Ara h 1, a detection limit of 6.3 ng mL{sup −1}, a great selectivity, a good reproducibility with a RSD of 6.3% for six different immunosensors and a useful lifetime of 25 days. The usefulness of the immunosensor was demonstrated by determining Ara h 1 in different matrices (food extracts and saliva). The results correlated properly with those provided by a commercial ELISA method offering a reliable and promising analytical screening tool in the development of user-friendly devices for on-site determination of Ara h 1.

  18. Effect of heating and glycation on the allergenicity of 2S albumins (Ara h 2/6 from peanut.

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Yvonne M Vissers

    Full Text Available Peanut allergy is one of the most common and severe food allergies, and processing is known to influence the allergenicity of peanut proteins. We aimed to establish the effect of heating and glycation on the IgE-binding properties and biological activity of 2S albumins (Ara h 2/6 from peanut.Native Ara h 2/6 was purified from raw peanuts and heated in solution (15 min, 110°C in the presence or absence of glucose. Ara h 2 and 6 were also purified from roasted peanut. Using PBMC and sera from peanut-allergic patients, the cellular proliferative potency and IgE reactivity (reverse EAST inhibition and functionality (basophil degranulation capacity of allergens were assessed. Heating Ara h 2/6 at 110°C resulted in extensive denaturation, hydrolysis and aggregation of the protein, whilst Ara h 2 and 6 isolated from roasted peanut retained its native conformation. Allergen stimulation of PBMC induced proliferation and Th2 cytokine secretion which was unaffected by thermal processing. Conversely, IgE reactivity and functionality of Ara h 2/6 was decreased by heating. Whilst heating-glycation further reduced the IgE binding capacity of the proteins, it moderated their loss of histamine releasing capacity. Ara h 2 and 6 purified from roasted peanut demonstrated the same IgE reactivity as unheated, native Ara h 2/6.Although no effect of processing on T-cell reactivity was observed, heat induced denaturation reduced the IgE reactivity and subsequent functionality of Ara h 2/6. Conversely, Ara h 2 and 6 purified from roasted peanut retained the structure and IgE reactivity/functionality of the native protein which may explain the allergenic potency of this protein. Through detailed molecular study and allergenicity assessment approaches, this work then gives new insights into the effect of thermal processing on structure/allergenicity of peanut proteins.

  19. Development of a Monoclonal Antibody-Based Sandwich ELISA for Peanut Allergen Ara h 1 in Food

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Chuanlai Xu

    2013-07-01

    Full Text Available We have established a highly sensitive sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA based on two monoclonal antibodies (mAb to measure the content of the major peanut allergen Ara h 1 in foods. Two mAbs were selected out of 12 murine hybridoma cells secreting Ara h 1-specific antibody. Using mAb 6 as the capture antibody and HRP-labelled mAb 4 as the detection antibody, the limit of detection (LOD the assay was 0.34 ng/mL. Cross-reaction analysis showed that this method was strongly specific and had no cross-reactions with Ara h 2, pea protein or soy protein. Sample analysis showed that this ELISA was a useful tool to monitor peanut allergens in food products by measuring Ara h 1 content.

  20. Kosova’daki Öğretmenlerin Gelişimi İçin Eylem Araştırması Geliştirilmesi

    OpenAIRE

    Vula, Eda; Saqipi, Blerim

    2015-01-01

    Bu araştırma, öğrenci öğretmenlerin araştırmacı rollerini algılamalarını ve profesyonel gelişimlerinde eylem araştırmaların etkisini incelemektedir. Araştırma, Priştine Üniversitesi Eğitim Fakültesi’nde yüksek lisans düzeyinde olan öğrenci öğretmenleri kapsamaktadır. Öğrenciler tarafından yapılan yansıtıcı yazılar, açık uçlu soru formları ve araştırma raporlarından toplanan nitel veriler tümevarım yöntemi aracılığıyla incelenmiştir. Araştırma, öğretmen araştırmalarının, sadece öğretim uygulam...

  1. Production of recombinant peanut allergen Ara h 2 using Lactococcus lactis

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Glenting, J.; Poulsen, Lars K.; Kato, K.

    2007-01-01

    lactis is an attractive microorganism for use in the production of protein therapeutics. L. lactis is considered food grade, free of endotoxins, and is able to secrete the heterologous product together with few other native proteins. Hypersensitivity to peanut represents a serious allergic problem. Some...... of the major allergens in peanut have been described. However, for therapeutic usage more information about the individual allergenic components is needed. In this paper we report recombinant production of the Ara h 2 peanut allergen using L. lactis. Results: A synthetic ara h 2 gene was cloned into an L...

  2. Penal Innovation in New Zealand: He Ara Hou.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Newbold, Greg; Eskridge, Chris

    1994-01-01

    Explores prison history/development in New Zealand, focusing on recent implementation of progressive prison operation/management program, He Ara Hou. Notes extremely positive results of program, such as higher administrative efficiency; greatly decreased levels of internal disorder; competent, stable workforce; and human product whose senses of…

  3. Comunidad de arañas (Arachnida, Araneae del cultivo de alfalfa (Medicago sativa en Buenos Aires, Argentina

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Andrea Armendano

    2010-06-01

    Full Text Available En las últimas décadas se ha dado un interés creciente en el uso de enemigos naturales para controlar plagas de insectos, como arañas. Se estudió una comunidad de arañas en Argentina mediante un muestreo cada dos semanas durante el periodo 2004-2006 en lotes de una hectárea. En el estrato del suelo las arañas fueron colectadas con redes de arrastre y trampas de caída. Se recolecto un total de 6 229 ejemplares (15 familias y 50 especies. Siete familias se encuentran en el estrato herbáceo, las más abundantes fueron: Thomisidae (n=2 012, 32.30%, Araneidae (n=1 516, 24.33% y Oxyopidae (n=604, 9.70%. El suelo habían 14 familias, principalmente: Lycosidae (n=629, 10.10% y Linyphiidae (n=427, 6.85%. Predominaron las arañas cazadoras: por emboscadas (32.99%, al acecho (11.77%, corredoras de suelo (10.84% y tejedoras orbiculares (27.56%. Los índices de diversidad fueron: H´=2.97, Dsp=0.11 y J=0.79, evidenciando una comunidad de arañas moderadamente diversa, con predominio de Misumenops pallidus, Oxyopes salticus, Lycosa poliostoma and L. erythrognatha. Las arañas estuvieron presentes durante el desarrollo fenológico del cultivo con picos de abundancia en primavera y verano.

  4. Cellular intrinsic mechanism affecting the outcome of AML treated with Ara-C in a syngeneic mouse model.

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Wenjun Zhao

    Full Text Available The mechanisms underlying acute myeloid leukemia (AML treatment failure are not clear. Here, we established a mouse model of AML by syngeneic transplantation of BXH-2 derived myeloid leukemic cells and developed an efficacious Ara-C-based regimen for treatment of these mice. We proved that leukemic cell load was correlated with survival. We also demonstrated that the susceptibility of leukemia cells to Ara-C could significantly affect the survival. To examine the molecular alterations in cells with different sensitivity, genome-wide expression of the leukemic cells was profiled, revealing that overall 366 and 212 genes became upregulated or downregulated, respectively, in the resistant cells. Many of these genes are involved in the regulation of cell cycle, cellular proliferation, and apoptosis. Some of them were further validated by quantitative PCR. Interestingly, the Ara-C resistant cells retained the sensitivity to ABT-737, an inhibitor of anti-apoptosis proteins, and treatment with ABT-737 prolonged the life span of mice engrafted with resistant cells. These results suggest that leukemic load and intrinsic cellular resistance can affect the outcome of AML treated with Ara-C. Incorporation of apoptosis inhibitors, such as ABT-737, into traditional cytotoxic regimens merits consideration for the treatment of AML in a subset of patients with resistance to Ara-C. This work provided direct in vivo evidence that leukemic load and intrinsic cellular resistance can affect the outcome of AML treated with Ara-C, suggesting that incorporation of apoptosis inhibitors into traditional cytotoxic regimens merits consideration for the treatment of AML in a subset of patients with resistance to Ara-C.

  5. The exoplanet-host star {mu} Arae: a new seismic analysis

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Soriano, M; Vauclair, S [Laboratoire d' Astrophysique Toulouse-Tarbes - OMP, 14 avenue Edouard Belin, 31400 Toulouse (France)], E-mail: sylvie.vauclair@ast.obs-mip.fr

    2008-10-15

    We present here the detailled modelling of the exoplanet-host star {mu} Arae, which is known to harbour a four-planets system. This star presents a metallicity excess compared to stars without detected planets. Asteroseismology can help determining precisely its internal structure, {mu} Arae was observed with the HARPS spectrograph at La Silla Observatory in June 2004, and 43 p-modes were identified. Using the external parameters provided by spectroscopy and the seismic constraints, we computed new stellar models, in a wider range and more precisely than [1], with various assumptions (overmetallic or accretion scenario, overshooting or not, Y enriched with metals or Y fixed to its solar value). We tried to find which ones give the best fit to the observations.

  6. Towards novel amino acid-base contacts in gene regulatory proteins: AraR--a case study.

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Isabel Lopes Correia

    Full Text Available AraR is a transcription factor involved in the regulation of carbon catabolism in Bacillus subtilis. This regulator belongs to the vast GntR family of helix-turn-helix (HTH bacterial metabolite-responsive transcription factors. In this study, AraR-DNA specific interactions were analysed by an in vitro missing-contact probing and validated using an in vivo model. We show that amino acid E30 of AraR, a highly conserved residue in GntR regulators, is indirectly responsible for the specificity of amino acid-base contacts, and that by mutating this residue it will be possible to achieve new specificities towards DNA contacts. The results highlight the importance in DNA recognition and binding of highly conserved residues across certain families of transcription factors that are located in the DNA-binding domain but not predicted to specifically contact bases on the DNA. These new findings not only contribute to a more detailed comprehension of AraR-operator interactions, but may also be useful for the establishment of a framework of rules governing protein-DNA recognition.

  7. The AraGWAS Catalog: a curated and standardized Arabidopsis thaliana GWAS catalog

    Science.gov (United States)

    Togninalli, Matteo; Seren, Ümit; Meng, Dazhe; Fitz, Joffrey; Nordborg, Magnus; Weigel, Detlef

    2018-01-01

    Abstract The abundance of high-quality genotype and phenotype data for the model organism Arabidopsis thaliana enables scientists to study the genetic architecture of many complex traits at an unprecedented level of detail using genome-wide association studies (GWAS). GWAS have been a great success in A. thaliana and many SNP-trait associations have been published. With the AraGWAS Catalog (https://aragwas.1001genomes.org) we provide a publicly available, manually curated and standardized GWAS catalog for all publicly available phenotypes from the central A. thaliana phenotype repository, AraPheno. All GWAS have been recomputed on the latest imputed genotype release of the 1001 Genomes Consortium using a standardized GWAS pipeline to ensure comparability between results. The catalog includes currently 167 phenotypes and more than 222 000 SNP-trait associations with P < 10−4, of which 3887 are significantly associated using permutation-based thresholds. The AraGWAS Catalog can be accessed via a modern web-interface and provides various features to easily access, download and visualize the results and summary statistics across GWAS. PMID:29059333

  8. Large floods and climatic change during the Holocene on the Ara River, Central Japan

    Science.gov (United States)

    Grossman, Michael J.

    2001-07-01

    A reconstruction of part of the Holocene large flood record for the Ara River in central Japan is presented. Maximum intermediate gravel-size dimensions of terrace and modern floodplain gravels were measured along an 18-km reach of the river and were used in tractive force equations to estimate minimum competent flood depths. Results suggest that the magnitudes of large floods on the Ara River have varied in a non-random fashion since the end of the last glacial period. Large floods with greater magnitudes occurred during the warming period of the post-glacial and the warmer early to middle Holocene (to ˜5500 years BP). A shift in the magnitudes of large floods occurred ˜5500-5000 years BP. From this time, during the cooler middle to late Holocene, large floods generally had lower magnitudes. In the modern period, large flood magnitudes are the largest in the data set. As typhoons are the main cause of large floods on the Ara River in the modern record, the variation in large flood magnitudes suggests that the incidence of typhoon visits to the central Japan changed as the climate changed during the Holocene. Further, significant dates in the large flood record on the Ara River correspond to significant dates in Europe and the USA.

  9. A Braça da Rede, uma Técnica Caiçara de Medir

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Gilberto Chieus Jr.

    2009-08-01

    Full Text Available Este artigo relata como os caiçaras da cidade de Ubatuba litoral norte paulista medem suas redes de pesca.Mas antes de estar analisando sua técnica de medir estaremos fazendo uma pequena abordagem da cultura caiçara e suas transformações. Em seguida mostraremos alguns momentos históricos da construção do metro. Depois como os caiçaras medem suas redes e o problema ocorrido no Brasil na implantação do sistema métrico decimal e a resistência de determinadas civilizações que se utiliza de outros padrões para realizar suas medidas, ignorando o atual sistema métrico, devidos o seu contexto cultural. Toda esta discussão está enfocada numa perspectiva histórica da Etnomatemática.

  10. Mobil reklamlar ve mobil reklam araçlarına yönelik tutumlar

    OpenAIRE

    Barutçu, Süleyman; Öztürk Göl, Meltem

    2009-01-01

    Bu çalışmanın amacı, pazarlama bölümü yöneticilerinin dikkatlerini mobil iletişim teknolojilerindeki gelişmelerin sonucu olarak ortaya çıkan mobil pazarlama ve mobil reklam uygulamalarına çekmektir. Çalışmanın kavramsal analiz bölümünde mobil pazarlama, mobil reklamların önemi açıklanmış ve mobil reklam araçları (SMS, MMS ve Bluetooth Reklamları) analiz edilmiştir. Araştırma bölümünde ise mobil telefon kullanıcılarının mobil reklam araçlarına yönelik tutumlarının karşılaştırmalı olarak belirl...

  11. Hemşirelerin problem çözme becerileri ve atılganlıkları arasındaki ilişkinin incelenmesi

    OpenAIRE

    Polat, Hatice

    2014-01-01

    Araştırma, hemşirelerin problem çözme becerileri ile atılganlıkları arasındaki ilişkinin incelenmesi amacıyla analitik- kesitsel olarak planlanmıştır. Araştırmanın evrenini 2011 yılı itibariyle ve araştırma takvimi süresince Muğla ili Muğla Üniversitesi Eğitim ve Araştırma Hastanesi'nde çalışan 300 hemşire oluşturmaktadır. Araştırma verileri, tanımlayıcı özellikleri içeren Kişisel Bilgi Formu, Rathus Atılganlık Envanteri ve Gözden Geçirilmiş Sosyal Sorun Çözme Envanteri (GGSSÇE) ile toplanmış...

  12. Facebook’ta Bulunma Amacı ve Facebook Reklamlarına Duyulan İlgi Arasındaki İlişki

    OpenAIRE

    Ay, Arş. Grv. Ufuk

    2014-01-01

    Bu araştırmada Facebook’ta bulunma amaçları ile Facebook reklamlarına duyulan ilgi arasında bir ilişki olup olmadığı ölçülmüştür. Bu amaçla internet üzerinden 283 kişiye anket uygulanmıştır. Araştırmanın bulguları Facebook’ta bulunma amaçları olarak tanımlanan “sosyal arama” ve “sosyal tarama” değişkenleriyle Facebook reklamlarına duyulan ilgi arasında anlamlı ilişkiler olduğunu destekler niteliktedir.

  13. Metformin and Ara-a Effectively Suppress Brain Cancer by Targeting Cancer Stem/Progenitor Cells

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Tarek H. Mouhieddine

    2015-11-01

    Full Text Available Background: Gliomas and neuroblastomas pose a great health burden worldwide with a poor and moderate prognosis, respectively. Many studies have tried to find effective treatments for these primary malignant brain tumors. Of interest, the AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK pathway was found to be associated with tumorigenesis and tumor survival, leading to many studies on AMPK drugs, especially Metformin, and their potential role as anti-cancer treatments. Cancer stem cells (CSCs are a small population of slowly-dividing, treatment-resistant, undifferentiated cancer cells that are being discovered in a multitude of cancers. They are thought to be responsible for replenishing the tumor with highly proliferative cells and increasing the risk of recurrence. Methods: Metformin and 9-β-d-Arabinofuranosyl Adenine (Ara-a were used to study the role of the AMPK pathway in vitro on U251 (glioblastoma and SHSY-5Y (neuroblastoma cell lines.Results: We found that both drugs are able to decrease the survival of U251 and SH-SY5Y cell lines in a 2D as well as a 3D culture model. Metformin and Ara-a significantly decreased the invasive ability of these cancer cell lines. Treatment with these drugs decreased the sphere-forming units (SFU of U251 cells, with Ara-a being more efficient, signifying the extinction of the CSC population. However, if treatment is withdrawn before all SFUs are extinguished, the CSCs regain some of their sphere-forming capabilities in the case of Metformin but not Ara-a treatment. Conclusion: Metformin and Ara-a have proved to be effective in the treatment of glioblastomas and neuroblastomas, in vitro, by targeting their cancer stem/progenitor cell population, which prevents recurrence.

  14. Özel Eğitimden Örneklerle Eylem Araştırmaları

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Yıldız Uzuner

    2005-07-01

    Full Text Available Eylem araştırması sistematik, yansıtmalı ve işbirlikli sorgulamadır. Öğretmenler, okul müdürleri veya diğer paydaşlar öğretimin kalitesini artırmak için veri toplarlar. Ölçme, keşfetme, araştırma, tartışma, belgelendirme, değerlendirme, analiz etme, iyileştirme ve gözden geçirme döngüsel eylemler olarak gerçekleşir. Bu makalede yazar, eylem araştırmasının tarihini, tanımlarını, varsayımlarını, özelliklerini, sınıflamalarını, diyalektik döngüsünü, geçerliğini, güvenirliğini, analizini ve etik konularını betimlemiştir. Özel eğitimde gerçekleştirilen çeşitli eylem araştırma örnekleri de sağlanmıştır. Sonuç olarak, eylem araştırmalarının öğretmen eğitiminde ve profesyonel gelişmelerindeki önemi tartışılmıştır. Action research is a systematic, reflective and collaborative inquiry. Teachers, principals or other stakeholders gather information to enhance instructions. Assessing, exploring, researching, discussing, documenting, evaluating, monitoring, analyzing, refining and revising occur in cyclical actions. In this article, the author described the history, definitions, assumptions, characteristics, classifications, dialectic cycle, validity, reliability, analysis, and ethical issues of action research. In addition, various action research examples were provided from the field of special education. Finally, the importance of action research in teacher education and their professional growth were discussed.

  15. Reduction of IgE binding and nonpromotion of Aspergillus flavus fungal growth by simultaneously silencing Ara h 2 and Ara h 6 in peanut.

    Science.gov (United States)

    The most potent peanut allergens, Ara h 2 and 6, were silenced in transgenic plants by RNA interference. Three independent transgenic lines were recovered after microprojectile bombardment, of which two contained single, integrated copies of the transgene. The third line contained multiple copies ...

  16. Endurance Exercise Increases Intestinal Uptake of the Peanut Allergen Ara h 6 after Peanut Consumption in Humans

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Lonneke M. JanssenDuijghuijsen

    2017-01-01

    Full Text Available Controlled studies on the effect of exercise on intestinal uptake of protein are scarce and underlying mechanisms largely unclear. We studied the uptake of the major allergen Ara h 6 following peanut consumption in an exercise model and compared this with changes in markers of intestinal permeability and integrity. Ten overnight-fasted healthy non-allergic men (n = 4 and women (n = 6 (23 ± 4 years ingested 100 g of peanuts together with a lactulose/rhamnose (L/R solution, followed by rest or by 60 min cycling at 70% of their maximal workload. Significantly higher, though variable, levels of Ara h 6 in serum were found during exercise compared to rest (Peak p = 0.03; area under the curve p = 0.006, with individual fold changes ranging from no increase to an increase of over 150-fold in the uptake of Ara h 6. Similarly, uptake of lactulose (2–18 fold change, p = 0.0009 and L/R ratios (0.4–7.9 fold change, p = 0.04 were significantly increased which indicates an increase in intestinal permeability. Intestinal permeability and uptake of Ara h 6 were strongly correlated (r = 0.77, p < 0.0001 for lactulose and Ara h 6. Endurance exercise after consumption may lead to increased paracellular intestinal uptake of food proteins.

  17. Cuts in energy and operating cost with the Swiss system 'Energie in ARA' - practical experience in Germany; Energie- und Betriebskosteneinsparungen nach dem schweizerischen System ''Energie in ARA'' - Praxiserfahrungen in Deutschland

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Christmann, B. [UmBAUwelt Partnerschaft Architekten und Ingenieure, Riedstadt (Germany)

    1999-07-01

    German sewage treatment plants, too, have potential for saving energy cost and cutting down on their operating expenditure. Following the systematy developed by the 'Energie in ARA' concept, this potential can be harnessed. (orig.) [German] Potential fuer Energiekosteneinsparungen und dadurch initiierte Betriebskosteneinsparungen ist auch bei deutschen Klaeranlagen vorhanden. Die Systematik 'Energie in ARA' kann fuer die Erschliessung der Einsparpotentiale verwendet werden. (orig.)

  18. Changes in the physicochemical and microbiological properties of frozen araça pulp during storage

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Clarissa Damiani

    2013-02-01

    Full Text Available Araça belongs to the Myrtaceae family and is popularly known as araçá-comum, araçá-azedo, or araçá-do-campo. Frozen fruit pulp is of great importance for the food industry, which can produce it at the time of harvest, store it, and use it according to the demand of the consumer market and/or as an ingredient in the formulation of products such as yogurt, candies, and ice creams among others. The aim of this study was to evaluate the physical, chemical, and microbiological stability of frozen araça pulp during 12 months of frozen storage. It was observed that the levels of moisture (90.55-88.75%, ash (0.34-0.26% total soluble sugars (7.11-6.62%, sucrose (3.55-1.39%, soluble pectin (0.24-0.23%, total pectin (0.5-0.46%, pH (3.82-2.31%, organic acids (698.12-122.25 µg.g-1 citric acid, and phenolic compounds (6.22-0.00 mg GAE.100 g-1 decreased during storage, whereas the levels of protein (0.61-0.83%, lipids (0.14-0.38%, total carbohydrates (8.36-9.78%, calorific value (37.14-45.86 kcal.100 g-1, reducing sugars (3.51-5.21%, soluble solids (5.17-6.0%, total antioxidant capacity (6.89-35.13%, and color parameters (L*49.75-50.67; a*0.79-1.82 and b*22.5-25.19 increased over the one-year storage period. According to the chemical and microbiological parameters assessed, the product can be stored for 12 months without loss of quality with addition of citric acid as a preservative.

  19. JS-K, an arylating nitric oxide (NO) donor, has synergistic anti-leukemic activity with cytarabine (ARA-C).

    Science.gov (United States)

    Shami, Paul J; Maciag, Anna E; Eddington, Jordan K; Udupi, Vidya; Kosak, Ken M; Saavedra, Joseph E; Keefer, Larry K

    2009-11-01

    We have designed prodrugs that release nitric oxide (NO) on metabolism by glutathione S-transferases (GST). This design exploits the upregulation of GST in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) cells. O(2)-(2,4-dinitrophenyl) 1-[(4-ethoxycarbonyl)piperazin-1-yl]diazen-1-ium-1,2-diolate (JS-K, a member of this class) has potent anti-leukemic activity. HL-60 myeloid leukemia cells were used for in vitro studies of the combination of JS-K with daunorubicin (DAUNO), cytarabine (ARA-C) or etoposide (ETOP) using the median effect method to determine synergistic, antagonistic, or additive effects. Combinations of JS-K added simultaneously, 2h before or 2h after the other compounds were used. JS-K and DAUNO were antagonistic in all three drug sequences. JS-K and ETOP were also antagonistic but to a lesser degree. JS-K and ARA-C showed strong synergy. The combination index at the 50% fraction affected was 0.37+/-0.23, 0.24+/-0.27, and 0.15+/-0.11 for simultaneous, JS-K first and ARA-C first additions, respectively. JS-K by itself induced DNA strand breaks at relatively high concentrations. However, at submicromolar concentrations, it significantly augmented ARA-C-induced DNA strand breaks. NMR spectroscopy revealed no evidence of chemical interaction between JS-K and the other chemotherapeutic agents. We conclude that ARA-C and JS-K have synergistic anti-leukemic activity and warrant further exploration in combination.

  20. Las arañas en agroecosistemas: bioindicadores terrestres de calidad ambiental

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Miguel Simó

    2011-12-01

    Full Text Available Las arañas son predadores generalistas en ecosistemas terrestres, ampliamente utilizadas en estudios de biodiversidad. En el último siglo, el paisaje de Uruguay se transformó en un mosaico de áreas formadas por ambientes naturales y agroecosistemas. ¿Qué nivel de cambio se espera hallar en la comunidad de arañas si las áreas de estudio están próximas? ¿Qué porcentaje de especies nativas serán reemplazadas con la plantación? ¿Cómo afecta esto a la biodiversidad local? Se realizó un estudio en cuatro áreas vecinas en INIA Las Brujas, Canelones: un bosque ribereño, un bosque de “Espinillo”, una plantación de Eucalyptus globulus y una pradera artificial de Trifolium pratense y Avena sativa. Las arañas fueron capturadas con trampas de caída, trampas de tronco, segado, batido de follaje y colecta manual nocturna. Un total de 3.023 adultos fueron colectados. La mayor abundancia y riqueza de especies se observó en el bosque ribereño. A pesar de la proximidad de los sitios estudiados, se observó un alto reemplazo de especies, especialmente entre áreas naturales y agroecosistemas. Los protocolos de colecta utilizados podrían ser útiles para evaluar el impacto de agroecosistemas con diferentes tipos de manejos sobre la biodiversidad local y su aplicación en la certificación de calidad ambiental.

  1. Lise Öğrencilerinin Mobil Öğrenme Araçlarını Kullanma Öz-Yeterlik Düzeylerinin İncelenmesi

    OpenAIRE

    Karaoğlan Yılmaz, Fatma Gizem; Dilen, Anıl; Yılmaz, Hatice

    2018-01-01

    Bu araştırmanın amacı, lise öğrencilerinin mobil öğrenme araçlarını kullanma öz-yeterlik düzeylerini; sınıf düzeyine, cinsiyete, internette geçirilen zamana ve düzenli internet bağlantısına sahip olup olmama durumuna göre incelemektir. Araştırma kapsamında, lise öğrencilerinin mobil öğrenme araçlarını kullanma öz-yeterlik düzeylerini inceleyebilmek için tarama modeli kullanılmıştır. Araştırmanın katılımcıları; 2016-2017 öğretim yılı güz döneminde bir lisede öğrenim görmekte olan ve mobil öğre...

  2. Spot 42 Small RNA Regulates Arabinose-Inducible araBAD Promoter Activity by Repressing Synthesis of the High-Affinity Low-Capacity Arabinose Transporter

    Science.gov (United States)

    Chen, Jiandong

    2016-01-01

    ABSTRACT The l-arabinose-inducible araBAD promoter (PBAD) enables tightly controlled and tunable expression of genes of interest in a broad range of bacterial species. It has been used successfully to study bacterial sRNA regulation, where PBAD drives expression of target mRNA translational fusions. Here we report that in Escherichia coli, Spot 42 sRNA regulates PBAD promoter activity by affecting arabinose uptake. We demonstrate that Spot 42 sRNA represses araF, a gene encoding the AraF subunit of the high-affinity low-capacity arabinose transporter AraFGH, through direct base-pairing interactions. We further show that endogenous Spot 42 sRNA is sufficient to repress araF expression under various growth conditions. Finally, we demonstrate this posttranscriptional repression has a biological consequence, decreasing the induction of PBAD at low levels of arabinose. This problem can be circumvented using strategies reported previously for avoiding all-or-none induction behavior, such as through constitutive expression of the low-affinity high-capacity arabinose transporter AraE or induction with a higher concentration of inducers. This work adds araF to the set of Spot 42-regulated genes, in agreement with previous studies suggesting that Spot 42, itself negatively regulated by the cyclic AMP (cAMP) receptor protein-cAMP complex, reinforces the catabolite repression network. IMPORTANCE The bacterial arabinose-inducible system is widely used for titratable control of gene expression. We demonstrate here that a posttranscriptional mechanism mediated by Spot 42 sRNA contributes to the functionality of the PBAD system at subsaturating inducer concentrations by affecting inducer uptake. Our finding extends the inputs into the known transcriptional control for the PBAD system and has implications for improving its usage for tunable gene expression. PMID:27849174

  3. Soy-based infant formula supplemented with DHA and ARA supports growth and increases circulating levels of these fatty acids in infants.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Hoffman, Dennis; Ziegler, Ekhard; Mitmesser, Susan H; Harris, Cheryl L; Diersen-Schade, Deborah A

    2008-01-01

    Healthy term infants (n = 244) were randomized to receive: (1) control, soy-based formula without supplementation or (2) docosahexaenoic acid-arachidonic acid (DHA + ARA), soy-based formula supplemented with at least 17 mg DHA/100 kcal (from algal oil) and 34 mg ARA/100 kcal (from fungal oil) in a double-blind, parallel group trial to evaluate safety, benefits, and growth from 14 to 120 days of age. Anthropometric measurements were taken at 14, 30, 60, 90, and 120 days of age and 24-h dietary and tolerance recall were recorded at 30, 60, 90, and 120 days of age. Adverse events were recorded throughout the study. Blood samples were drawn from subsets of 25 infants in each group. Capillary column gas chromatography was used to analyze the percentages of fatty acids in red blood cell (RBC) lipids and plasma phospholipids. Compared with the control group, percentages of fatty acids such as DHA and ARA in total RBC and plasma phospholipids were significantly higher in infants in the DHA + ARA group at 120 days of age (P soy-based formula supplemented with DHA and ARA from single cell oil sources at concentrations similar to human milk significantly increased circulating levels of DHA and ARA when compared with the control group. Both formulas supported normal growth and were well tolerated.

  4. Algılanan ekonomik güçlük ve eşler arasındaki çatışma ile problem davranışlar arasındaki bağlantıda, ebeveyn-ergen ilişkilerinin aracı rolü

    OpenAIRE

    KORFAL, Ahu

    2016-01-01

    Araştırmanın temel amacı, algılanan ekonomik güçlük ve eşler arasındaki çatışma ile ergen problem davranışları arasındaki bağlantıda ebeveyn-ergen ilişkilerinin aracı rolünü incelemektir. Bu amaç çerçevesinde, anılan ilişkiler kız ve erkek ergenlerde Aile Stres Modeli çerçevesinde sınanmıştır. Araştırmanın örneklemini Ankara kent merkezinde bulunan ilköğretim 6. ve 7. Sınıflar ile ortaöğretim 9. ve 10. Sınıflara devam eden ergenler oluşturmaktadır. Çalışmamıza, 518 (%48.5...

  5. Targeted deletion of the ara operon of Salmonella typhimurium enhances L-arabinose accumulation and drives PBAD-promoted expression of anti-cancer toxins and imaging agents.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Hong, Hyun; Lim, Daejin; Kim, Geun-Joong; Park, Seung-Hwan; Sik Kim, Hyeon; Hong, Yeongjin; Choy, Hyon E; Min, Jung-Joon

    2014-01-01

    Tumor-specific expression of antitumor drugs can be achieved using attenuated Salmonella typhimurium harboring the PBAD promoter, which is induced by L-arabinose. However, L-arabinose does not accumulate because it is metabolized to D-xylulose-5-P by enzymes encoded by the ara operon in Salmonellae. To address this problem, we developed an engineered strain of S. typhimurium in which the ara operon is deleted. Linear DNA transformation was performed using λ red recombinase to exchange the ara operon with linear DNA carrying an antibiotic-resistance gene with homology to regions adjacent to the ara operon. The ara operon-deleted strain and its parental strain were transformed with a plasmid encoding Renilla luciferase variant 8 (RLuc8) or cytolysin A (clyA) under the control of the PBAD promoter. Luciferase assays demonstrated that RLuc8 expression was 49-fold higher in the ara operon-deleted S. typhimurium than in the parental strain after the addition of L-arabinose. In vivo bioluminescence imaging showed that the tumor tissue targeted by the ara operon-deleted Salmonella had a stronger imaging signal (~30-fold) than that targeted by the parental strain. Mice with murine colon cancer (CT26) that had been injected with the ara operon-deleted S. typhimurium expressing clyA showed significant tumor suppression. The present report demonstrates that deletion of the ara operon of S. typhimurium enhances L-arabinose accumulation and thereby drives PBAD-promoted expression of cytotoxic agents and imaging agents. This is a promising approach for tumor therapy and imaging.

  6. ARA-PEPs: a repository of putative sORF-encoded peptides in Arabidopsis thaliana.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Hazarika, Rashmi R; De Coninck, Barbara; Yamamoto, Lidia R; Martin, Laura R; Cammue, Bruno P A; van Noort, Vera

    2017-01-17

    Many eukaryotic RNAs have been considered non-coding as they only contain short open reading frames (sORFs). However, there is increasing evidence for the translation of these sORFs into bioactive peptides with potent signaling, antimicrobial, developmental, antioxidant roles etc. Yet only a few peptides encoded by sORFs are annotated in the model organism Arabidopsis thaliana. To aid the functional annotation of these peptides, we have developed ARA-PEPs (available at http://www.biw.kuleuven.be/CSB/ARA-PEPs ), a repository of putative peptides encoded by sORFs in the A. thaliana genome starting from in-house Tiling arrays, RNA-seq data and other publicly available datasets. ARA-PEPs currently lists 13,748 sORF-encoded peptides with transcriptional evidence. In addition to existing data, we have identified 100 novel transcriptionally active regions (TARs) that might encode 341 novel stress-induced peptides (SIPs). To aid in identification of bioactivity, we add functional annotation and sequence conservation to predicted peptides. To our knowledge, this is the largest repository of plant peptides encoded by sORFs with transcript evidence, publicly available and this resource will help scientists to effortlessly navigate the list of experimentally studied peptides, the experimental and computational evidence supporting the activity of these peptides and gain new perspectives for peptide discovery.

  7. Molecular Characterization and Genetic Diversity of the Macaw Palm Ex Situ Germplasm Collection Revealed by Microsatellite Markers

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Fekadu G. Mengistu

    2016-10-01

    Full Text Available Macaw palm (Acrocomia aculeata is native to tropical forests in South America and highly abundant in Brazil. It is cited as a highly productive oleaginous palm tree presenting high potential for biodiesel production. The aim of this work was to characterize and study the genetic diversity of A. aculeata ex situ collections from different geographical states in Brazil using microsatellite (Simple Sequence Repeats, SSR markers. A total of 192 accessions from 10 provenances were analyzed with 10 SSR, and variations were detected in allelic diversity, polymorphism, and heterozygosity in the collections. Three major groups of accessions were formed using PCoA—principal coordinate analysis, UPGMA—unweighted pair-group method with arithmetic mean, and Tocher. The Mantel test revealed a weak correlation (r = 0.07 between genetic and geographic distances among the provenances reaffirming the result of the grouping. Reduced average heterozygosity (Ho < 50% per locus (or provenance confirmed the predominance of endogamy (or inbreeding in the germplasm collections as evidenced by positive inbreeding coefficient (F > 0 per locus (or per provenance. AMOVA—Analysis of Molecular Variance revealed higher (48.2% genetic variation within population than among populations (36.5%. SSR are useful molecular markers in characterizing A. aculeata germplasm and could facilitate the process of identifying, grouping, and selecting genotypes. Present results could be used to formulate appropriate conservation strategies in the genebank.

  8. Changes in the physicochemical and microbiological properties of frozen araça pulp during storage Alterações físico-químicas e microbiológicas de polpa congelada de araçá durante a estocagem

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Clarissa Damiani

    2013-02-01

    Full Text Available Araça belongs to the Myrtaceae family and is popularly known as araçá-comum, araçá-azedo, or araçá-do-campo. Frozen fruit pulp is of great importance for the food industry, which can produce it at the time of harvest, store it, and use it according to the demand of the consumer market and/or as an ingredient in the formulation of products such as yogurt, candies, and ice creams among others. The aim of this study was to evaluate the physical, chemical, and microbiological stability of frozen araça pulp during 12 months of frozen storage. It was observed that the levels of moisture (90.55-88.75%, ash (0.34-0.26% total soluble sugars (7.11-6.62%, sucrose (3.55-1.39%, soluble pectin (0.24-0.23%, total pectin (0.5-0.46%, pH (3.82-2.31%, organic acids (698.12-122.25 µg.g-1 citric acid, and phenolic compounds (6.22-0.00 mg GAE.100 g-1 decreased during storage, whereas the levels of protein (0.61-0.83%, lipids (0.14-0.38%, total carbohydrates (8.36-9.78%, calorific value (37.14-45.86 kcal.100 g-1, reducing sugars (3.51-5.21%, soluble solids (5.17-6.0%, total antioxidant capacity (6.89-35.13%, and color parameters (L*49.75-50.67; a*0.79-1.82 and b*22.5-25.19 increased over the one-year storage period. According to the chemical and microbiological parameters assessed, the product can be stored for 12 months without loss of quality with addition of citric acid as a preservative.O araçá pertence à família Myrtaceae, sendo conhecido popularmente como araçá-comum, araçá-azedo ou araçá-do-campo. Polpas de frutas congeladas têm grande importância para a indústria de alimentos, que podem produzi-las na época de safra, armazená-las e utilizá-las conforme a demanda do mercado consumidor e/ou como parte da formulação de produtos como iogurtes, doces, gelados comestíveis, entre outros. Objetivou-se avaliar a estabilidade física, química e microbiológica de polpa de araçá durante o período de 12 meses de armazenamento sob

  9. Aging up-regulates ARA55 in stromal cells, inducing androgen-mediated prostate cancer cell proliferation and migration.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Zou, Qingsong; Cui, Di; Liang, Shengjie; Xia, Shujie; Jing, Yifeng; Han, Bangmin

    2016-06-01

    Stromal cells in the peripheral zone (PZ) of the prostate from older males (PZ-old) could significantly promote Prostate cancer (PCa) growth compared with stromal cells from young males (PZ-young). But the mechanism is still unknown. In the co-culture system with PZ-old cells, Pc3/Du145 cells showed advanced proliferation and migration after Dihydrotestosterone (DHT) incubation, but DHT didn't show the similar effect in PZ-young co-culture system. Also, higher androgen/AR signal pathway activity and AR-related cytokines secretion (FGF-2, KGF, IGF-1) were found in PZ-old cells. As AR exprssison was equivalent in PZ-old and PZ-young cells, we focused on Androgen receptor associated protein-55(ARA55), a stromal-specific androgen receptor (AR) coactivator. ARA55 expression was higher in PZ-old cells compared with PZ-young cells in vitro. After knocking down ARA55 expression in PZ-old cells, the PCa growth- promoting effect from the PZ-old cells was diminished, which may be explained by the decreased the progressive cytokines secretion (FGF-2, KGF, IGF-1) from PZ-old stromal cells. In vivo, the consistent results were also found: PZ-old cells promoted prostate cancer cells growth, but this effect receded when knocking down ARA55 expression in PZ-old cells. From our study, we found PZ stromal cells presented age-related effects in proliferation and migration of prostate cancer cells in the androgen/AR dependent manner. As aging increased, more ARA55 were expressed in PZ stromal cells, leading to more sensitive androgen/androgen receptor (AR) signal pathway, then constituting a more feasible environment to cancer cells.

  10. Hunting and use of terrestrial fauna used by Caiçaras from the Atlantic Forest coast (Brazil

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Alves Rômulo RN

    2009-11-01

    Full Text Available Abstract Background The Brazilian Atlantic Forest is considered one of the hotspots for conservation, comprising remnants of rain forest along the eastern Brazilian coast. Its native inhabitants in the Southeastern coast include the Caiçaras (descendants from Amerindians and European colonizers, with a deep knowledge on the natural resources used for their livelihood. Methods We studied the use of the terrestrial fauna in three Caiçara communities, through open-ended interviews with 116 native residents. Data were checked through systematic observations and collection of zoological material. Results The dependence on the terrestrial fauna by Caiçaras is especially for food and medicine. The main species used are Didelphis spp., Dasyprocta azarae, Dasypus novemcinctus, and small birds (several species of Turdidae. Contrasting with a high dependency on terrestrial fauna resources by native Amazonians, the Caiçaras do not show a constant dependency on these resources. Nevertheless, the occasional hunting of native animals represents a complimentary source of animal protein. Conclusion Indigenous or local knowledge on native resources is important in order to promote local development in a sustainable way, and can help to conserve biodiversity, particularly if the resource is sporadically used and not commercially exploited.

  11. Araçatuba Formation: palustrine deposits from the initial sedimentation phase of the Bauru Basin

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Fernandes Luiz A.

    2003-01-01

    Full Text Available The Bauru Basin (Upper Cretaceous accumulated an essentially sandy continental sedimentary sequence. In a first desertic phase the basaltic substratum was covered by a widespread and homogeneous aeolian sand unit with minor loess intercalations. The substratum relief favored the formation of an endorheic drainage system under semi-arid climate, a process that started the development of the Araçatuba Paleoswamp. The palustrine deposits (Araçatuba Formation comprise siltstone and tipically greenish gray narrow tabular strata of sandstone cemented by carbonate. Moulds and gypsite and dolomite pseudomorphs were identified. The moulds seem to be genetically associated with desiccation cracks, root marks and climbing ripple lamination levels, that, on the whole, indicate calm shallow saline waters undergoing phases of subaerial exposition. At the boundaries of the study area, sand units may exhibit sigmoidal features and convolute bedding structure, which is characteristic of marginal deltaic deposits. The Araçatuba Formation is enclosed in and later overlaid by the aeolian deposits of the Vale do Rio do Peixe Formation.

  12. Crystallization and preliminary X-ray analysis of the major peanut allergen Ara h 1 core region

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Cabanos, Cerrone; Urabe, Hiroyuki; Masuda, Taro; Tandang-Silvas, Mary Rose; Utsumi, Shigeru; Mikami, Bunzo; Maruyama, Nobuyuki

    2010-01-01

    In this study, the core region of Ara h 1, one of the major peanut allergens, has been overexpressed in Escherichia coli, purified and crystallized. Diffraction data were collected to 2.25 Å resolution. Peanuts contain some of the most potent food allergens known to date. Ara h 1 is one of the three major peanut allergens. As a first step towards three-dimensional structure elucidation, recombinant Ara h 1 core region was cloned, expressed in Escherichia coli and purified to homogeneity. Crystals were obtained using 0.1 M sodium citrate pH 5.6, 0.1 M NaCl, 15% PEG 400 as precipitant. The crystals diffracted to 2.25 Å resolution using synchrotron radiation and belonged to the monoclinic space group C2, with unit-cell parameters a = 156.521, b = 88.991, c = 158.971 Å, β = 107.144°. Data were collected at the BL-38B1 station of SPring-8 (Hyogo, Japan)

  13. Development of a new fluorescent reporter:operator system: location of AraC regulated genes in Escherichia coli K-12.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Sellars, Laura E; Bryant, Jack A; Sánchez-Romero, María-Antonia; Sánchez-Morán, Eugenio; Busby, Stephen J W; Lee, David J

    2017-08-03

    In bacteria, many transcription activator and repressor proteins regulate multiple transcription units that are often distally distributed on the bacterial genome. To investigate the subcellular location of DNA bound proteins in the folded bacterial nucleoid, fluorescent reporters have been developed which can be targeted to specific DNA operator sites. Such Fluorescent Reporter-Operator System (FROS) probes consist of a fluorescent protein fused to a DNA binding protein, which binds to an array of DNA operator sites located within the genome. Here we have developed a new FROS probe using the Escherichia coli MalI transcription factor, fused to mCherry fluorescent protein. We have used this in combination with a LacI repressor::GFP protein based FROS probe to assess the cellular location of commonly regulated transcription units that are distal on the Escherichia coli genome. We developed a new DNA binding fluorescent reporter, consisting of the Escherichia coli MalI protein fused to the mCherry fluorescent protein. This was used in combination with a Lac repressor:green fluorescent protein fusion to examine the spatial positioning and possible co-localisation of target genes, regulated by the Escherichia coli AraC protein. We report that induction of gene expression with arabinose does not result in co-localisation of AraC-regulated transcription units. However, measurable repositioning was observed when gene expression was induced at the AraC-regulated promoter controlling expression of the araFGH genes, located close to the DNA replication terminus on the chromosome. Moreover, in dividing cells, arabinose-induced expression at the araFGH locus enhanced chromosome segregation after replication. Regions of the chromosome regulated by AraC do not colocalise, but transcription events can induce movement of chromosome loci in bacteria and our observations suggest a role for gene expression in chromosome segregation.

  14. Purification of antibody against Ara h 2 by a homemade immunoaffinity chromatography column.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Wu, Zhihua; Li, Kun; Zhan, Shaode; Tong, Ping; Li, Xin; Yang, Anshu; Chen, Hongbing

    2017-09-14

    Antibodies are used extensively in numerous applications both in vivo and in vitro. To purify anti-Ara h 2 polyclonal antibody, a homemade immunoaffinity chromatography (IAC) column method was established. The properties of homemade column were compared with those of the mAb affinity protein G (MPG) agarose high flow, a commercially available column successfully used in capturing polyclonal antibodies. During antibody purification from rabbits' antiserum against Ara h 2, the column capacity, recovery, and purification factor were characterized for IAC and MPG. The homemade IAC could separate the corresponding antibody with higher specificity and lower cost but with lower recovery and column capacity than those of MPG. Thus, the homemade IAC is a specific, inexpensive, and suitable method that can be used for various laboratory purifications.

  15. Neurotoxicity of cytarabine (Ara-C) in dorsal root ganglion neurons originates from impediment of mtDNA synthesis and compromise of mitochondrial function.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Zhuo, Ming; Gorgun, Murat F; Englander, Ella W

    2018-06-01

    Peripheral Nervous System (PNS) neurotoxicity caused by cancer drugs hinders attainment of chemotherapy goals. Due to leakiness of the blood nerve barrier, circulating chemotherapeutic drugs reach PNS neurons and adversely affect their function. Chemotherapeutic drugs are designed to target dividing cancer cells and mechanisms underlying their toxicity in postmitotic neurons remain to be fully clarified. The objective of this work was to elucidate progression of events triggered by antimitotic drugs in postmitotic neurons. For proof of mechanism study, we chose cytarabine (ara-C), an antimetabolite used in treatment of hematological cancers. Ara-C is a cytosine analog that terminates DNA synthesis. To investigate how ara-C affects postmitotic neurons, which replicate mitochondrial but not genomic DNA, we adapted a model of Dorsal Root Ganglion (DRG) neurons. We showed that DNA polymerase γ, which is responsible for mtDNA synthesis, is inhibited by ara-C and that sublethal ara-C exposure of DRG neurons leads to reduction in mtDNA content, ROS generation, oxidative mtDNA damage formation, compromised mitochondrial respiration and diminution of NADPH and GSH stores, as well as, activation of the DNA damage response. Hence, it is plausible that in ara-C exposed DRG neurons, ROS amplified by the high mitochondrial content shifts from physiologic to pathologic levels signaling stress to the nucleus. Combined, the findings suggest that ara-C neurotoxicity in DRG neurons originates in mitochondria and that continuous mtDNA synthesis and reliance on oxidative phosphorylation for energy needs sensitize the highly metabolic neurons to injury by mtDNA synthesis terminating cancer drugs. Copyright © 2018 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

  16. Development of the advanced on-line BWR core monitoring system TiARA

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Kobayashi, Yoko; Yamazaki, Hiroshi

    1996-01-01

    Development of an integrated computer environment to support plant operators and station nuclear engineers is a recent activity. In achieving this goal, an advanced on-line boiling water reactor (BWR) core monitoring system: TiARA has been developed by Toden Software. An integrated design approach was performed through the introduction of recent computer technologies, a sophisticated human/machine interface (HMI) and an advanced nodal method. The first prototype of TiARA was ready in early 1996. This prototype is now undergoing a field test at Kashiwazaki-Kariwa unit 6. After successful completion of this test, the authors will have achieved the following goals: (1) consistency between on-line core monitoring system and off-line core management system; (2) an enhanced HMI and database; (3) user-friendly operability and maintainability; (4) system development from the utilities' standpoint to fully satisfy operator needs

  17. Etnoecologia e etnobotânica da palmeira juçara (Euterpe edulis Martius em comunidades quilombolas do Vale do Ribeira, São Paulo Ethnoecology and ethnobotany of the juçara palm (Euterpe edulis Martius in "quilombola" communities of the Ribeira River Valley, São Paulo

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Renata Moreira Barroso

    2010-06-01

    Full Text Available As comunidades quilombolas são consideradas comunidades negras rurais formadas por descendentes de africanos escravizados. No Vale do Ribeira, uma das regiões mais pobres do estado de São Paulo, estas comunidades vivem da agricultura de subsistência e principalmente da coleta do palmito juçara para complemento da renda familiar. A palmeira juçara possui importante papel ecológico e econômico para a Floresta Atlântica e para as comunidades rurais locais. O objetivo geral deste trabalho foi investigar aspectos etnoecológicos e etnobotânicos da palmeira juçara (Euterpe edulis Martius em comunidades quilombolas do Vale do Ribeira, SP. A investigação se deu em sete comunidades quilombolas através da aplicação de 25 entrevistas semi-estruturadas e da realização de uma oficina de identificação dos animais consumidores de frutos da palmeira. Também foram realizadas coletas e identificação de visitantes florais. Os quilombolas entrevistados demonstraram um detalhado conhecimento ecológico local sobre a palmeira juçara, principalmente a relação da biodiversidade animal associada à espécie. Neste trabalho a etnoecologia e a etnobotânica mostram-se ferramentas importantes no levantamento participativo do conhecimento ecológico local do E. edulis que pode ser considerado no manejo e na conservação da espécie na Floresta Atlântica."Quilombola" communities are distributed all over Brazil. They are composed of the descendents of African slaves. In the Ribeira River Valley, one of the poorest regions in São Paulo state, they practice subsistence agriculture and extract plant resources from the environment, especially the juçara palm (Euterpe edulis Martius, a species that contributes to "quilombola" income. The juçara palm has special ecological and economic importance for "quilombolas". The main aim of this study was to investigate ethnobotanical and ethnoecological aspects of the juçara palm in "quilombola" communities

  18. Differences in inhibition by beta-arabinofuranosyladenine (araA) of radiation induced DNA damage repair in exponentially growing and plateau-phase CHO-cells

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Iliakis, G.; Seaner, R.

    1988-01-01

    The effect of beta-arabinofuranosyladenine (araA) on the repair of radiation induced DNA damage, as measured by the DNA unwinding technique, was studied in exponentially growing and plateau-phase CHO-cells after exposure to X-rays. Induction of DNA damage by radiation was found to be similar in exponentially growing and plateau-phase cells. In the absence of araA, repair of radiation induced DNA damage proceeded with similar kinetics in exponentially growing and plateau-phase cells. AraA at concentrations between 0-1500 μM inhibited DNA repair both in exponentially growing and in plateau-phase cells. However, the degree of inhibition was significantly higher (by a factor of 3) in plateau-phase cells. A similar degree of repair inhibition by araA was observed in plateau-phase cells treated in their conditioned medium, as well as in plateau-phase cells that were transferred in fresh growth medium just before treatment initiation. These results indicate the importance of biochemical parameters associated with alterations in the growth state of the cells for the inhibitory effect of araA and may help in the elucidation of the molecular mechanism(s) underlying repair inhibition by inhibitors of DNA replication. (orig.)

  19. Türkiye Ekonomisinde Milli Gelir ve Ücretler Arasındaki İlişki

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Güller ŞAHİN

    2017-07-01

    Full Text Available Yapılan çalışmanın amacı; Türkiye ekonomisinde 2002Q1-2015Q4 örneklem dönemi içerisinde milli gelir ile ücretler arasındaki ilişkiyi incelemektir. Amaç doğrultusunda 56 gözleme ait zaman serisi arasındaki ilişki uzun dönemde Engle-Granger ve Johansen eşbütünleşme testleri, kısa dönemde Hata Düzeltme Modeli kullanılarak çözümlenmiştir. Milli gelir ve ücretler arasındaki uzun dönemi yansıtan ilişki için eşbütünleşme testlerinden elde edilen bulgular, değişkenler arasında bir tane eşbütünleşme denkleminin kurulmasına izin vermiştir. Uzun dönemli ilişkide, değişkenlerin birlikte hareket etme eğiliminde olduğu sonucuna varılmıştır. Ardından eşbütünleşme derecesinin ne olduğunun ve ne kadar hızla gerçekleştiğinin belirlenmesine yönelik Hata Düzeltme Modeli kurulmuştur. Elde edilen -0.391 hata terimleri katsayısı, kısa dönemli dengesizliklerdeki 1 birim sapmanın yaklaşık %4’ünün bir sonraki dönemde düzeldiğini ifade etmiştir.

  20. Kinetics of chromatid aberrations in G2 ataxia-telangiectasia cells exposed to X-rays and ara A

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Mozdarani, Hossein; Bryant, P.E.

    1989-01-01

    The cytogenetic effects of X-rays alone or in combination with 9-β-D-arabinofuranosyladenine (ara A) were studied in an immortalized fibroblastic line of ataxia-telangiectasia (A-T) cells. It is postulated that the kinetics of disappearance (rejoining) of chromatid deletions with postirradiation incubation time reflects the underlying repair of dsb, and is inhibited by ara A. The rejoining kinetics for deletions in A-T was similar to that found in a previous study of normal human fibroblasts (Mozdarani and Bryant 1987). The number of deletions in X-irradiated A-T cells at 1.5 h before fixation was found to be higher by a factor of approximately 2 than that found previously in normals, indicating that in A-T a higher rate of conversion of dsb into chromatid deletions occurs. The frequency of exchanges induced in G2 A-T cells was similarly enhanced but, unlike the situation in normal cells, ara A was found to cause only a slight increase in this frequency. (author)

  1. Reakcija formoze – sveti gral kemičara

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Nenad Raos

    2018-04-01

    Full Text Available Već više od jednog i pol stoljeća bazna kondenzacija formaldehida u ugljikohidrate (reakcija formoze plijeni pozornost kemičara u nadi da će dati homogene produkte i tako pronaći svoje mjesto u krilu kemijske tehnologije. U radu je opisano otkriće, istraživanje mehanizma, pokušaji optimalizacije te moguće primjene reakcije u regeneraciji ugljika na svemirskim stanicama. Prikazan je i njezin utjecaj na tumačenje fotosinteze (Baeyerova hipoteza te postanka života na Zemlji.

  2. Bazı Bisküvi Çeşitlerinin Kimyasal Özellikleri ile Mineral ve Vitamin İçerikleri Üzerinde Araştırmalar

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Hazım Özkaya

    2015-02-01

    Full Text Available Araştırmada üç firmaya ait 30 bisküvi örneğinin kimyasal bileşimleri ile mineral ve vitamin içerikleri araştırılmıştır. Bisküvi çeşitlerinin rutubet miktarları %2.1 ile %7.7 arasında değişmiş ve ortalama rutubet miktarı %4.3 olarak saptanmıştır. Kül miktarı %0.40 ile %1.54 arasında değişmiş, ortalama kül miktarı %0.74 olarak bulunmuştur. Protein miktarı çeşitler arasında %5.3 ile %10.4 arasında değişmiş ortalama protein miktarı %6.9 bulunmuştur. Örneklerin ham selüloz miktarları %0.14 ile %1.92 arasında olup ortalama ham selüloz miktarı %0.93’dür. Tuz miktarı bisküvi çeşitlerinde %0.18 ile %2.75 arasında değişmiş ortalama tuz miktarı %1.10 olarak bulunmuştur. Yağ miktarı %4.4 ile %30.5 arasında, ortalama %16.1 çıkmıştır. Örneklerin tiamin ve riboflavin miktarları sırası ile 0.35 mik. g/g ile 2.05 mik. g/g ve 0.35 mik. g/g ile 2.75 mik. g/g arasında değişmiş; ortalama tiamin ve riboflavin miktarları 0.92 mik. g/g ve 0.77 mik. g/g çıkmıştır. Ürünlerin makro ve mikro element miktarı, özellikle Fe ve Mn içerikleri normal bisküvilik una kıyasla daha yüksek bulunmuştur. Çeşitlerde saptanan mineral element miktarları birbiriyle korelasyon halinde çıkmamıştır.

  3. İnsan Kaynakları Yönetimi Uygulamalarıyla Örgütsel Performans Arasındaki İlişki Üzerine Bir Araştırma

    OpenAIRE

    AKIN, Özden; ERDOST ÇOLAK, Hayat Ebru

    2012-01-01

    Bu çalışmanın amacı, işletmelerin örgütsel performans değişkenleri ile İnsan Kaynakları Yönetimi (İKY) uygulamaları arasındaki ilişkiyi araştırmaktır. İKY uygulamaları olarak; işgücü planlaması, eğitim-geliştirme, performans değerlendirme, ödüllendirme, firma-çalışan ilişkisi, iç iletişim değişkenleri kullanılmıştır. Örgütsel performans değişkenleri olarak; personel devir hızı, işgücü verimliliği ve satışlar alınmıştır. İstanbul Sanayi Odası’na (ISO) bağlı 108 şirkette anket yapılmıştır. Son...

  4. Çeşitli Sake Örneklerinde Aroma Maddeleri Üzerine Araştırmalar

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    İsmail Yavaş

    2015-02-01

    Full Text Available Çeşitli sake örneklerinin aroma maddeleri yönünden zenginleştirilmesinden sonra gazkromatografik ve masspektrometrik araştırmalarda çok sayıda uçucu aroma komponentleri ayrılabilmiş ve bazıları tanımlanmıştır. 45 komponentin kantitatif değerlendirilmesinde olduğu gibi aromagramların karşılaştırılması, kantitatif olarak aroma maddeleri yönünden çeşitli örnekler arasında çok açık farklılıklar olduğunu göstermektedir. Bazı komponentlerde orijinal (Japonya’da üretilmiş sake örneği ile Türk sake örnekleri arasında belirgin farklılıklar bulunmaktadır. Japon sakesinin Türk sake örneklerine oranla göze batan bir şekilde az miktarda Dietilsüksinat ve fazla miktarda 3-Hidroksibutirikasit etilesteri ile 3-Metil-1-butil asetat içerdiği açıkça görülmektedir.

  5. Structures of Saccharomyces cerevisiae D-arabinose dehydrogenase Ara1 and its complex with NADPH: implications for cofactor-assisted substrate recognition.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Hu, Xiao-Qian; Guo, Peng-Chao; Ma, Jin-Di; Li, Wei-Fang

    2013-11-01

    The primary role of yeast Ara1, previously mis-annotated as a D-arabinose dehydrogenase, is to catalyze the reduction of a variety of toxic α,β-dicarbonyl compounds using NADPH as a cofactor at physiological pH levels. Here, crystal structures of Ara1 in apo and NADPH-complexed forms are presented at 2.10 and 2.00 Å resolution, respectively. Ara1 exists as a homodimer, each subunit of which adopts an (α/β)8-barrel structure and has a highly conserved cofactor-binding pocket. Structural comparison revealed that induced fit upon NADPH binding yielded an intact active-site pocket that recognizes the substrate. Moreover, the crystal structures combined with computational simulation defined an open substrate-binding site to accommodate various substrates that possess a dicarbonyl group.

  6. Ekmeklik Buğdayların Kalitelerinin Belirlenmesinde Miksograf Kullanımı Üzerine Araştırmalar

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Ayhan Atlı

    2015-02-01

    Full Text Available Bu araştırmanın amacı miksograf cihazından elde edilen bulguların diğer kalite kriterleri ile ilişkisini saptamak ve miksografın kalite değerlendirmesinde ne derecede etkili olduğunu belirlemektir. Araştırmada miksograf bulgularının zayıf ve kuvvetli kalitedeki çeşitleri birbirinden ayıracak özellikte olduğu ve çeşitli kalite kriterleri ile önemli düzeyde korelasyon gösterdiği belirlenmiştir. Araştırma sonuçlarına göre, miksograf ile kalite belirlemede en etkili kriterlerin kurve yüksekliği, maksimum konsistens ve alan değerleri olduğu saptanmıştır.

  7. Structure of the effector-binding domain of the arabinose repressor AraR from Bacillus subtilis

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Procházková, Kateřina; Čermáková, Kateřina [Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Flemingovo nam. 2, Prague 6 (Czech Republic); Pachl, Petr; Sieglová, Irena [Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Flemingovo nam. 2, Prague 6 (Czech Republic); Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Videnska 1083, Prague 4 (Czech Republic); Fábry, Milan [Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Videnska 1083, Prague 4 (Czech Republic); Otwinowski, Zbyszek [UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas (United States); Řezáčová, Pavlína, E-mail: rezacova@uochb.cas.cz [Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Flemingovo nam. 2, Prague 6 (Czech Republic); Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Videnska 1083, Prague 4 (Czech Republic)

    2012-02-01

    The crystal structure of the effector-binding domain of the transcriptional repressor AraR from B. subtilis in complex with the effector molecule (l-arabinose) was determined at 2.2 Å resolution. A detailed analysis of the crystal identified a dimer organization that is distinctive from that of other members of the GalR/LacI family. In Bacillus subtilis, the arabinose repressor AraR negatively controls the expression of genes in the metabolic pathway of arabinose-containing polysaccharides. The protein is composed of two domains of different phylogenetic origin and function: an N-terminal DNA-binding domain belonging to the GntR family and a C-terminal effector-binding domain that shows similarity to members of the GalR/LacI family. The crystal structure of the C-terminal effector-binding domain of AraR in complex with the effector l-arabinose has been determined at 2.2 Å resolution. The l-arabinose binding affinity was characterized by isothermal titration calorimetry and differential scanning fluorimetry; the K{sub d} value was 8.4 ± 0.4 µM. The effect of l-arabinose on the protein oligomeric state was investigated in solution and detailed analysis of the crystal identified a dimer organization which is distinctive from that of other members of the GalR/LacI family.

  8. IgE vs IgG4 epitopes of the peanut allergen Ara h 1 in patients with severe allergy

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Bøgh, Katrine Lindholm; Nielsen, H.; Eiwegger, T.

    2013-01-01

    to the allergen. However, recent studies have demonstrated the very importance of the IgG4-epitope affinity for the blocking ability. Studies comparing IgE and IgG4 binding epitopes mainly focus on the identification of linear epitopes. Peanut allergy is one of the most severe and persistent forms of food allergy....... The importance of conformational epitopes, of the major peanut allergen Ara h 1, has been demonstrated. The aim of this study was to compare Ara h 1-specific epitope patterns for IgE and IgG4 in patients with severe peanut allergy applying a method suitable to identify both linear and conformational epitopes....... Methods: Ara h 1-specific IgE and IgG4 epitope patterns were examined by competitive immunoscreening of a phage-displayed random 7-mer peptide library using polyclonal IgE and IgG4 from three individual patients suffering from severe peanut allergy. The resulting peptide sequences were mapped...

  9. Hemşirelik Öğrencilerinde Madde Kullanımı İle Problem Çözme Becerileri Arasındaki İlişki

    OpenAIRE

    Duran, Songül

    2017-01-01

    Amaç: Bu çalışmada, üniversite öğrencilerinde madde kullanma durumları ile problem çözme becerileri arasındaki ilişki araştırılmıştır. Yöntem: Kesitsel ve analitik tipte planlanan araştırmanın örneklemi, 10.05.2013–15.06.2013 tarihleri arasında Bitlis Eren Üniversitesi Sağlık Yüksekokulu Hemşirelik bölümünde okuyan 115 öğrenciden oluşmaktadır. Kişisel bilgi formu ve Problem Çözme Envanteri (PÇE) veri toplama aracı olarak kullanılmıştır. Veriler yüzdelik, Mann Whitney U testi analizleri ile de...

  10. Operation ARA: A Computerized Learning Game that Teaches Critical Thinking and Scientific Reasoning

    Science.gov (United States)

    Halpern, Diane F.; Millis, Keith; Graesser, Arthur C.; Butler, Heather; Forsyth, Carol; Cai, Zhiqiang

    2012-01-01

    Operation ARA (Acquiring Research Acumen) is a computerized learning game that teaches critical thinking and scientific reasoning. It is a valuable learning tool that utilizes principles from the science of learning and serious computer games. Students learn the skills of scientific reasoning by engaging in interactive dialogs with avatars. They…

  11. Synthesis, Improved Antisense Activity and Structural Rationale for the Divergent RNA Affinities of 3;#8242;-Fluoro Hexitol Nucleic Acid (FHNA and Ara-FHNA) Modified Oligonucleotides

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Egli, Martin; Pallan, Pradeep S.; Allerson, Charles R.; Prakash, Thazha P.; Berdeja, Andres; Yu, Jinghua; Lee, Sam; Watt, Andrew; Gaus, Hans; Bhat, Balkrishen; Swayze, Eric E.; Seth, Punit P. (Isis Pharm.); (Vanderbilt)

    2012-03-16

    The synthesis, biophysical, structural, and biological properties of both isomers of 3'-fluoro hexitol nucleic acid (FHNA and Ara-FHNA) modified oligonucleotides are reported. Synthesis of the FHNA and Ara-FHNA thymine phosphoramidites was efficiently accomplished starting from known sugar precursors. Optimal RNA affinities were observed with a 3'-fluorine atom and nucleobase in a trans-diaxial orientation. The Ara-FHNA analog with an equatorial fluorine was found to be destabilizing. However, the magnitude of destabilization was sequence-dependent. Thus, the loss of stability is sharply reduced when Ara-FHNA residues were inserted at pyrimidine-purine (Py-Pu) steps compared to placement within a stretch of pyrimidines (Py-Py). Crystal structures of A-type DNA duplexes modified with either monomer provide a rationalization for the opposing stability effects and point to a steric origin of the destabilization caused by the Ara-FHNA analog. The sequence dependent effect can be explained by the formation of an internucleotide C-F {hor_ellipsis} H-C pseudo hydrogen bond between F3' of Ara-FHNA and C8-H of the nucleobase from the 3'-adjacent adenosine that is absent at Py-Py steps. In animal experiments, FHNA-modified antisense oligonucleotides formulated in saline showed a potent downregulation of gene expression in liver tissue without producing hepatotoxicity. Our data establish FHNA as a useful modification for antisense therapeutics and also confirm the stabilizing influence of F(Py) {hor_ellipsis} H-C(Pu) pseudo hydrogen bonds in nucleic acid structures.

  12. Cloning of araA Gene Encoding L-Arabinose Isomerase from Marine Geobacillus stearothermophilus Isolated from Tanjung Api, Poso, Indonesia

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    DEWI FITRIANI

    2010-06-01

    Full Text Available L-arabinose isomerase is an enzyme converting D-galactose to D-tagatose. D-tagatose is a potential sweetener-sucrose substitute which has low calorie. This research was to clone and sequence araA gene from marine bacterial strain Geobacillus stearothermophilus isolated from Tanjung Api Poso Indonesia. The amplified araA gene consisted of 1494 bp nucleotides encoding 497 amino acids. DNA alignment analysis showed that the gene had high homology with that of G. stearothermophilus T6. The enzyme had optimum activity at high temperature and alkalin condition.

  13. IgE versus IgG4 epitopes of the peanut allergen Ara h 1 in patients with severe allergy

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Bøgh, Katrine Lindholm; Nielsen, H.; Eiwegger, T.

    2014-01-01

    epitopes. Objective: The aim of this study was to compare Ara h 1-specific IgE and IgG4 epitope recognition patterns in patients with severe peanut allergy, applying a method allowing for identification of both linear and conformational epitopes. Methods: Polyclonal sera from three individual patients......, suffering from severe allergic reaction to peanuts, including anaphylaxis, were used to analyse the IgE and IgG4 epitope recognition patterns of the major peanut allergen Ara h 1. Epitope identification was conducted by competitive immuno-screening of a phage-displayed random heptamer peptide library...

  14. Continuing ARAS visible spectroscopic monitoring of the slow classical nova Sct 2017 = ASASSN-17hx

    Science.gov (United States)

    Guarro, Joan; Berardi, Paolo; Sollecchia, Umberto; Lester, Tim; Bohlsen, Terry; Luckas, Paul; Campos, Fran; Franco, Lorenzo; Garde, Olivier; Buil, Christian; Edlin, Jim; Teyssier, François

    2017-09-01

    We report the results of our continuing spectroscopic monitoring of the slow classical nova Sct 2017 = ASASSN-17hx (Atel# 10523, #10524, #10527, #10558, #10736) as part of the ongoing program by members of the ARAS group.

  15. Conhecimento e uso de plantas em uma comunidade caiçara do litoral sul do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Brasil Knowledge and use of plants in a Caiçara community located on the southern coast of Rio de Janeiro State, Brazil

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Rodrigo Borges

    2009-09-01

    Full Text Available A Área de Proteção Ambiental de Cairuçu (APA localiza-se no município de Paraty, RJ. É uma unidade de conservação de uso sustentável e dispõe-se a proteger o ambiente natural e as comunidades caiçaras da região. O objetivo deste estudo foi realizar um inventário etnobotânico das plantas conhecidas e utilizadas pela comunidade caiçara que habita a praia de Martim de Sá. Moram no local 30 pessoas das quais 10 foram entrevistadas. As informações etnobotânicas foram obtidas através da observação participante e entrevistas semi-estruturadas. O material botânico coletado foi depositado no Herbário do Instituto de Pesquisas Jardim Botânico do Rio de Janeiro (RB. Foram identificadas 76 espécies pertencentes a 59 gêneros e 30 famílias botânicas consideradas úteis pelos caiçaras. As três espécies mais citadas foram: Sloanea obtusifolia (Sapopema, Scherolobium denudatum (Ingá-ferro e Balizia pedicelaris (Timbuíba. Utilizou-se o Índice de Shannon (H' = 1,81 - base 10 para a análise da diversidade de espécies. O registro sobre o uso dos recursos vegetais na comunidade estudada fornece informações que podem ser utilizadas para programas de conservação baseados no conhecimento local do ambiente.The Cairuçu Environmental Protection Area (APA was created to help assure the protection of the natural environment and its sustainable use by the caiçara communities in the region. This work presents an ethnobotanical inventory of the plants known and used by the caiçara community living on Martim de Sá beach in Paraty municipality, RJ. Thirty people live in the locality and ten of them were interviewed. Ethnobotanical information was obtained through participatory observations and semi-structured interviews with the local residents. All botanical material collected was deposited in the herbarium of the Instituto de Pesquisas Jardim Botânico do Rio de Janeiro (RB. A total of 76 species belonging to 59 genera and 30

  16. Study of Mechanisms for Development and Strengthening of Water User Cooperatives (Case Study of Aras River Basin): Application of AHP Method

    OpenAIRE

    Rohallah maghabl

    2014-01-01

    Water user cooperatives were formed due to consideration to people's empowerment and participation in water investment and management. The purpose of this study was to investigate the mechanisms of development and strengthening of water user cooperatives in the Aras River Basin. The study population consisted of the management board members of the water user cooperatives in the Aras Basin in the year 2012. Respondents were selected by purposeful stratified sampling method. Having the data col...

  17. ALERGENUL ARA H3, GLOBULINA DE REZERVĂ 11S DIN SEMINŢELE DE ARAHIDE 1. PROTEOLIZA LIMITATĂ CU PAPAINĂ

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Ala CHERDIVARĂ

    2017-07-01

    Full Text Available Proteoliza globulinei de rezervă 11S din seminţele de arahide, Ara h3, cu papaină începe cu cuscindarea secvenței C-terminale extinse a α-catenelor, care cuprinde regiunea α-helixurilor. Clivarea ulterioară a buclei dintre β-strendurile E' şi F' din partea centrală a β-barrelui din α-catene duce la formarea fragmentelor, legate cu β-catenele intacte prin legătură disulfidică, precum şi reţinute în molecula globulinei 11S parţial hidrolizată prin interacţiuni necovalente. Conform scenariului proteolizei descrise, acţiunea iniţială a papainei distruge regiunea C-terminală a α-catenelor, în care sunt prezenţi trei din cei patru determinanţi antigenici (epitopii IgE, identificaţi în globulina 11S din arahide. Astfel, gradul de alergenicitate a Ara h3 poate fi substanțial redus prin proteoliza sa limitată cu papaină.ALLERGEN ARA H3, STORAGE 11S GLOBULIN FROM PEANUT SEEDS 1. PAPAIN LIMITED PROTEOLYSISPapain proteolysis of the storage 11S globulin Ara h3 from peanut seeds starts from the detachment of an extended a-chain C-terminal sequence covering the region of a-helices. Further cleavage of a loop between b-strands E’ and F’ inside the central part of a-chain b-barrel occurs generating fragments connected with intact b-chains via a disulfide bond and those retained inside the molecule of partially hydrolyzed 11S globulin due to non-covalent interactions. In accordance with the described proteolysis scenario, the C-terminal a-chain region containing three of the four antigen determinants (IgE epitopes identified in the peanut 11S globulin is destroyed during the initial papain action. Therefore, the level of Ara h3 allergenicity can be decreased via papain limited proteolysis.

  18. Cultura dell’accoglienza e ospitalità diffusa. Conversazione con Giancarlo Dall'Ara

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Silvia Mantovani

    2015-11-01

    Full Text Available The conversation highlights the features of a new and original Italian model of hospitality: the Albergo Diffuso (Widespread Hotel. Giancarlo Dall'Ara, professor of Tourism Marketing and founder of the National Association of Widespread Hotels, illustrates this new “reception culture”, grounded on some basic assumptions: no new buildings, integration with place identity, genuine experience, presence of a hosting community living in the place, preserved environment.

  19. Estado poblacional del Almendro como indicador de la disponibilidad de hábitat de Lapa Verde en el Sureste de Nicaragua

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Armando J. Dans

    2015-04-01

    Full Text Available La investigación se realizó en siete comunidades del Sureste de Nicaragua, con el objetivo de determinar el estado actual de la población de almendro (Dipteryx panamensis, como indicador del hábitat potencial para la lapa verde (Ara ambiguus. Se muestrearon 21 parcelas de 1ha cada una, estableciendo tres parcelas por comunidad, también se entrevistaron a pobladores para determinar la relación de éstos con las especies en estudio. En las parcelas muestreadas, se contabilizaron un total de 93 árboles de almendro con Diámetro a la Altura del Pecho (DAP’s ≥70cm, lo que representa una densidad promedio de 4.4 almendros/ha. También, se identificaron posibles amenazas para las especies en estudio y su particularidad con las comunidades y grupos étnicos. Resultados de Modelos Lineales Generalizados (GLM y análisis de correlación, indican que en la zona de estudio, no es el tamaño o diámetro de los almendros lo que mantiene poblaciones de lapas, sino que influyen mucho la densidad de individuos con DAP≥70cm, el nivel de aislamiento de la comunidad y la cantidad y tipo de usos que le dan los pobladores al árbol. Desde los modelos de Maxent, en los alrededores de 5 comunidades (La Bijagua, Bartola, Indian River, Corn River y Point of Rock presentan condiciones viables para la distribución del hábitat potencial del almendro y por ende de lapas verdes.SummaryThe research was done in seven communities in the southeast of Nicaragua, in order to determine the current condition of almond-tree population (Dipteryx panamensis, as an indicator of potential habitat for the Green Macaw (Ara ambiguus. 21 plots of 1ha each were sampled, by establishing three plots per community. Community people were also interviewed to determine their relationship with the species object of study. In the sampled plots, a total of 93 almond-trees were counted with Diameter at Breast Height (DBH's ≥70cm, representing an average density of 4.4 almond

  20. Değişik Sürelerde Depolanan Patates Çeşitlerinin Bazı Özellikleri Üzerine bir Araştırma

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Kemalettin Kara

    2015-02-01

    Full Text Available Bu araştırmada, değişik sürelerde depolanan Isola, Marfona, Granola ve Famosa patates çeşitlerinin yumrularında meydana gelen bazı fiziksel ve kimyasal değişiklikler incelenmiştir. Bu amaçla yürütülen araştırma 2.11.1990 tarihinden itibaren 14 gün aralıklarla 140 gün süre ile devam ettirilmiştir. Elde edilen bulgulara göre, depolama süresince bağlı olarak yumru ağırlığı azalmış, cips verimliliği ve cipsin yağ çekme oranları artmış, protein oranındaki değişim kararsız olmuş, yumruların kuru madde, özgül ağırlık ve nişasta oranı arasında değişiklik olmamıştır. Depolama süresi içerisinde patates çeşitleri arasında yumru ağırlığı, kuru madde, özgül ağırlık, nişasta ve protein verimi ve yağ çekme oranları bakımından ise herhangi bir farklılık görülmemiştir. İncelenen karakterler arasında kuru madde ile özgül ağırlık ve nişasta oranı arasında, özgül ağırlık ile de nişasta oranları arasında olumlu ve önemli ilişkiler bulunmuştur. Depolama süresi boyunca patates çeşitlerinden Isola’nın incelenen karakterler yönünden diğer patates çeşitlerine göre daha üstün olduğu anlaşılmıştır.

  1. Targeting Hsp90 by 17-AAG in leukemia cells: mechanisms for synergistic and antagonistic drug combinations with arsenic trioxide and Ara-C.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Pelicano, H; Carew, J S; McQueen, T J; Andreeff, M; Plunkett, W; Keating, M J; Huang, P

    2006-04-01

    17-Allylamino-17-demethoxygeldanamycin (17-AAG) is a new anticancer agent currently in clinical trials. The ability of 17-AAG to abrogate the function of heat-shock protein Hsp90 and modulate cellular sensitivity to anticancer agents has prompted recent research to use this compound in drug combination therapy. Here we report that 17-AAG has striking opposite effects on the activity of arsenic trioxide (ATO) and ara-C. Combination of 17-AAG with ATO exhibited a synergistic effect in leukemia cells, whereas coincubation of 17-AAG and ara-C showed antagonistic activity. Mechanistic studies revealed that ATO exerted cytotoxic action by reactive oxygen species generation, and activated Akt survival pathway. 17-AAG abrogated Akt activation and enhanced the activity of ATO. In contrast, treatment of leukemia cells with 17-AAG caused a G1 arrest, a decrease in DNA synthesis and reduced ara-C incorporation into DNA, leading to antagonism. The ability of 17-AAG to enhance the antileukemia activity of ATO was further demonstrated in primary leukemia cells isolated from patients with acute myeloid leukemia and chronic lymphocytic leukemia, including cells from refractory patients. Our data suggest that combination of 17-AAG and ATO may be an effective therapeutic regimen. Caution should be exercised in using 17-AAG together with ara-C, as their combination effects are schedule dependent.

  2. Nar Suyunun Durultma İşlemi ve Depolama Süresince Meydana Gelen Değişmeler Üzerinde Araştırmalar

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Dilsun Tabur

    2015-02-01

    Full Text Available İzmir ilinde yetiştirilen tatlı çeşitteki narlar araştırmada kullanılmıştır. Nar suyuna iki farklı durultma denemesi uygulanmış ve uygun olan enzim jelatin kombinasyonu ile durultulmuş nar suları 85 oC de 25 dakika pastörize edilip soğuk ve normal koşullarda depolanmışlardır. İşleme aşamalarında renk intensiteleri 740-300/abxlo3 -540 nm/arasında ve ortalama 540 bulunmuştur. Değişen antosiyanin değerlerine durultma ve ısısal işlemin etki ederek azalmalara neden olduğu ve artan presyon ile bu değerin azaldığı bulgulanmıştır. İşlemin ara aşamalarının suda çözünür kuru madde içeriğine etki etmediği bulunmuştur. Tadı etkileyen tanen niceliği 85-103 mg/l arasında ve ortalama 94.5 mg/l olarak saptanmıştır. Duyusal analizlerde en yüksek puanı tat almış renk ve koku arasında belirgin bir kalite puanlaması farkına varılmamıştır. Araştırmada nar sularının stabilizasyonu için depektinasyon jelatin kombinasyonu uygun sonuçlar verdiği görülmüştür. Bu durultma yöntemi ile tanen niceliğinin yüksek kalması bazı tüketici isteklerini de karşılamaktadır. Depolama süresince depolama sıcaklığının kalitenin ve rengin korunmasında etkili olduğu saptanılmıştır.

  3. Topraktan Pestisitlerin Arındırılmasında Önemli Bir Araç: Fitoremediasyon

    OpenAIRE

    TİRYAKİ, Osman; POTUR, Tayfun

    2018-01-01

    Pestisitler bitki koruma önlemleri arasındaen fazla uygulananıdır.Ancak, pestisitlerin tarımsal alanlarda bilinçsiz ve yoğun bir şekilde kullanımı bazı ekosistem problemlerine neden olur.Pestisitlerin sınıflandırma şekillerinden biri de topraktaki yarılanma sürelerine göre yapılanıdır. Bu sınıflandırmada pestisitler kalıcı değil, orta derece kalıcı, kalıcı ve devamlı kalıcı olarak 4 gruba ayrılırlar. Kullanılan pestisitler arasında toprakta çok çabuk parçalananları olduğu gi...

  4. Relationship between weight, age and hatching success and the concentration of heavy metals in nestling blue macaw (Anodorhynchus hyacinthinus Latham, 1790 in the Pantanal,Mato Grosso do Sul

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Marina Drago Marchesi

    2015-06-01

    Full Text Available Abstract: The concentration of heavy metals (Cr, Fe, Al, As, Cd, Cu, Pb, Mo, Ni, Se and Zn was evaluated in the blood of nestling blue macaws (Anodorhynchus hyacinthinus captured in the Pantanal, Mato Grosso do Sul (n=26 in 2012; this was based on the hypothesis that these birds exhibit levels of these heavy metals in their organism and that these interfere in hatching success, weight and age of the chicks. Blood samples were digested with nitric acid and hydrochloric acid and the quantification of metals was performed by ICP-OES (Optical Emission Spectroscopy and Inductively Coupled Plasma. Blood samples of nestlings showed concentrations of Cr (0.10μg/g Fe (3.06μg/g Al (3.46μg/g, Cd (0.25μg/g Cu (0.74μg/g, Mo (0.33μg/g, Ni (0.61μg/g, Se (0.98μg/g, and Zn (2.08μg/g. The levels of heavy metals found were not associated with weight, age and hatching success of the chicks.

  5. In vitro evaluation of digestive and endolysosomal enzymes to cleave CML-modified Ara h 1 peptides

    Science.gov (United States)

    The sensory, biological, chemical, and immunological characteristics of foods can be modified non-enzymatically during processing. Notably, these modifications may modulate the allergenic potency of food allergens, such as the Ara h 1 peanut allergen. Carboxymethyl-lysine (CML) modification is a p...

  6. Annelerin Ebeveynlik Öz Yeterlik Algıları ile Gelişimi Risk Altında Olan Bebeklerin Gelişimleri Arasındaki İlişkiyi İnceleyen Araştırmalara Bir Bakış

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Veysel Aksoy

    2009-01-01

    Full Text Available Bu çalışmanın amacı, ebeveynlerin (özellikle annelerin öz yeterlik düzeyleri ile çocuklarının erken çocukluk dönemindeki gelişimleri arasındaki ilişkiyi inceleyen araştırmaları gözden geçirmektir. Bu amaçla betimsel alan yazın taraması yapılmıştır. Ele alınan makalelerdeki bulgular, annelerin sahip olduğu ebeveyn öz yeterlik algısının düzeyi ile çocukların bilişsel, sosyal ve dil gelişimleri arasında ilişki olduğunu göstermektedir. Ayrıca ebeveynlik öz yeterlik düzeyleri sosyo-ekonomik durum, sosyal destekler, bekâr anne olma ve annelik yaşı gibi değişkenlerden etkilenmektedir. Annelerin öz yeterlikleriyle çocuğun problem davranışları, annelik depresyonu ve stresi gibi değişkenler arasında da ilişkiler olduğu çalışmalarda rapor edilmiştir. The purpose of this study is to overview studies on relationship between the parental self-efficacy levels (especially mothers’ self-efficacy and development of their young children. For this purpose, a narrative literature review was carried out. Based on the review of the literature, it is observed that there are relationships between the parental self-efficacy and children’s cognitive, social and language development. Moreover, parental self-efficacy level is affected by some variables such as socio-economical condition, social supports, being a single mother and mother’s age. Also, studies pointed out that there is a relationship between selfefficacy levels of mothers and child’s problem behaviors, maternal depression and stress.

  7. Farklılıkların Yönetimi ile Öğrenen Okul Arasındaki İlişkinin Öğretmen Algılarına Göre İncelenmesi

    OpenAIRE

    DOĞAN, Soner; UĞURLU, Celal Teyyar; TOPÇU, İhsan; YİĞİT, Yakup

    2018-01-01

    Araştırmanın amacı, öğretmenlerin farklılıkların yönetimi ile öğrenen okul algılarını belirlemek ve farklılıkların yönetimi ile öğrenen okul arasındaki ilişkinin düzeyini saptamaktır. Bu çerçevede araştırma, ilişkisel tarama modelinde desenlenmiştir. Araştırmanın çalışma grubunu Sivas iline Bağlı Zara ilçesinde ilk, ortaokul ve lise düzeyinde toplam 18 okulda görev yapan 161 öğretmen oluşturmaktadır. Araştırma verileri öğrenen okul ölçeği (ÖOÖ) ve farklılıkların yönetimi ölçeği (FYÖ) aracılığ...

  8. Traffic-Adaptive, Flow-Specific Medium Access for Wireless Networks

    Science.gov (United States)

    2009-09-01

    51 b. Carrier Sense Multiple Access (CSMA).................................52 c. MACA and MACAW...Figure 17. Comparison of collision avoidance techniques proposed in MACA , MACAW, and MACA -BI (From [132...low power listening lrd ......................long range dependent MAC .................medium access control MACA

  9. A juçara vai à escola: aprendizagem entre pessoas, coisas e instituições

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Marcelo Gules Borges

    2015-12-01

    Full Text Available ResumoEste artigo é resultado de uma etnografia sobre materialidade, educação e aprendizagem realizada no contexto de uma rede local de educadoras ambientais atuantes em escolas públicas de ensino fundamental no litoral norte do Rio Grande do Sul, no Brasil. Tivemos por objetivo seguir as linhas que constituem o protagonismo da palmeira juçara, Euterpe edulis, espécie botânica conhecida popularmente como açaí da Mata Atlântica. Estivemos atentos aos seus usos nas práticas de alimentação e educação ambiental desenvolvidas pelas educadoras da Teia (Teia de Educação Ambiental da Mata Atlântica. Desde nossa perspectiva, a juçara é um outro não humano que participa de uma trama de relações sociais e materiais, entrelaçando pessoas, coisas e instituições e está no centro de um feixe de processos de aprendizagem individuais, sociais e ambientais. Dialogamos com uma noção de aprendizagem pensada a partir dos modos pelos quais experiências educativas são vividas nos termos de uma sintonia fina e dos laços de copertencimento com a dimensão não humana do ambiente, estabelecendo laços produtivos com outros humanos e não humanos. Nesse sentido, descrevemos a convivência entre as educadoras e a juçara como oportunidade para compreender formas de aprendizagem escolar e não escolar em uma comunidade rural no Rio Grande do Sul que, como qualquer outra, é constituída por um mundo mais que humano.

  10. Kurutun Yapılışı ve Bileşimi Üzerine bir Araştırma

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Nurhan Akyüz

    2015-02-01

    Full Text Available Bu araştırmada Trabzon ve Erzurum piyasasından şansa bağlı olarak alınan 13 adet kurut örneği üzerinde mikrobiyolojik, fiziksel ve kimyasal araştırmalar yapılmıştır. Belirlenen değerler ortalama olarak şöyledir: Toplam mikroorganizma 8.41x103/g, maya ve küf 5.005x103; kurumadde, %79.69, yağ %10.58, yağsız kurumadde %69.12, bütün kül %10.66, protein %52.89, saf kül %1.40, tuz %9.66, kurumaddede tuz %12.60, kurumaddede yağ %13.05, asitlik derecesi 59.75 SH.

  11. HEALTH ASSESSMENT OF CAPTIVE PSITTACINE SPECIES IN PRERELEASE PROGRAMS AT COSTA RICAN RESCUE CENTERS.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Mora-Chavarría, Esteban; Umaña-Castro, Rodolfo; Abou-Madi, Noha; Solano-González, Stefany; Retamosa-Izaguirre, Mónica; Jiménez-Soto, Mauricio; Blanco-Peña, Kinndle

    2017-12-01

    With stricter laws regulating the capture and possession of wild animals in Costa Rica, local wildlife-rescue centers have been overwhelmed by an influx of confiscated or relinquished illegal pets, specifically of psittacine species. As part of a nationwide health-assessment program targeting these centers, 122 birds representing five psittacine species ( Ara macao, Amazona autumnalis, Amazona auropalliata, Amazona farinosa, Aratinga finschi) and one hybrid macaw ( Ara macao × Ara ambiguus) were examined and tested between January 2011 and October 2012. Physical examination, hematology, and serum biochemical analyses were performed. Blood and feathers were tested for psittacine beak and feather disease virus (PBFDV) and avian polyomavirus (APV) via PCR. A DNA-based prevalence and sequence analysis characterized the strains of PBFDV and APV isolated. Physical abnormalities observed in 36% of the 122 birds examined were limited to thin body condition and poor feather quality. None of the feather abnormalities were characteristic of disease caused by either PBFDV or APV. Results of hematological and biochemical analyses were within normal limits except for five birds with leukocytosis and heterophilia, three birds with uric acid values above 16 mg/dl, and two additional birds with AST values above 400 IU/L. No hemoparasites were detected during blood smear examination. Overall prevalences of 9.8% (12/122) for PBFDV and 3.3% (4/122) for APV were documented, with only one bird testing positive for both PBFDV and APV. Birds from two of the eight centers were negative for both viruses. Findings from this study constitute the beginning of a standardized surveillance program for Costa Rican rescue centers, targeting the management of avian species enrolled in propagation and reintroduction programs and expanding of the spectrum of pathogen surveillance and husbandry recommendations in prerelease centers.

  12. Üniversite öğrencilerinde ebeveyn kabulü ile psikolojik uyum arasındaki ilişkinin incelenmesi

    OpenAIRE

    KAVAK, Güler

    2013-01-01

    Bu çalışmada, alanyazında yer alan anne-baba kabul/reddi vepsikolojik uyum değişkenleri arasındaki ilişkilerin, kuramsal tartışmalar ve varolan araştırmalar ışığında bir yapısal model bağlamında test edilmesiamaçlanmıştır. Çalışmada ayrıca, anne-baba kabul/reddi ile psikolojik uyumdeğişkenlerinin cinsiyet ve anne-baba eğitim durumuna göre değişipdeğişmediği de incelenmiştir. Bunlara ek olarak, katılımcıların annelerinden vebabalarından algıladıkları kabul/reddin psikolojik uyumu yord...

  13. Ergenlerde Mobil Telefon Bağımlığı İle Sosyal Kaygı Arasındaki İlişkinin İncelenmesi

    OpenAIRE

    YILMAZ, Gül; ŞAR, Ali Haydar; CİVAN, Sema

    2015-01-01

    Araştırmanın amacı mobil telefon bağımlılığının ergenlerin sosyal kaygı düzeyleri üzerindeki işleyişlerini incelemektir. Sosyal kaygı düzeyleri incelenirken gittikçe artan ve hayatımızın her anını saran telefon kullanımlarının ergenler üzerindeki sosyal kaygı derecesini ve bunların yaş, cinsiyet, eğitim gibi faktörlere bağlı olarak nasıl değişkenlik gösterdiği araştırılmıştır.Araştırma da öncelikle sosyal kaygı kavramının gelişimine ve aşamalarına bakılmış ardından ergenlik dönemlerinin özell...

  14. AMEC GEOMATRIX/ARA GROUNDWATER REMEDIAITON TRIP REPORT

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    SIMMONS SA

    2008-08-07

    City of Rialto, Well No.3 Demonstration System Integration Project, and Baldwin Park Operable Unit, Baldwin Park, California. The groundwater remediation contractors are AMEC Geomatrix and ARA. The sites were visited on July 22, 2008. Fluor Hanford and the U.S. Department of Energy are currently looking at a variety of alternatives to capture carbon tetrachloride, nitrates, and other COCs from 200-ZP-l groundwater. A few of the more important objectives of our visits were to: (1) Evaluate the treatment systems being used by AMEC Geomatrix to address VOCs, perchlorate, NDMA, 1,4,-Dioxane, and 1,2,3 TCP in a drinking water source; (2) Evaluate how effective these treatment methods have been; (3) Determine the types of problems they have encountered with these treatment systems and how they addressed these problems; (4) Determine the types of secondary wastes being generated by the system; (5) Determine how clean of an operation these companies run; and (6) Determine if the site is worth being visited by DOE-RL at a later date.

  15. CARACTERIZAÇÃO QUÍMICA DAS ANTOCIANINAS DO FRUTO DE JUÇARA (Euterpe edulis MARTIUS

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Natalia Caroliny da Silva Dias

    2017-04-01

    Full Text Available A antocianina é um pigmento presente no reino vegetal com inúmeras funções indo desde coloração até bioatividade em diversos sistemas. Atualmente, as indústrias de alimentos têm investido em pesquisas e procurado substituir seus aditivos sintéticos por compostos naturais, os quais têm se tornado uma ferramenta atrativa no mercado como corante a alimentos e prevenção do processo oxidativo. Este trabalho teve como objetivo caracterizar as antocianinas presentes no extrato de Juçara das amostras coletadas na região Sul e Caparaó do estado do Espírito Santo. Os resultados encontrados na análise de pH diferencial do extrato foi 20,94 ± 1,57 µg/g de Antocianina Monomérica do extrato. O município de Alegre apresentou o maior teor de açúcar total e redutor, respectivamente 6,87 ± 1,17 e 6,12 ± 2,37. As antocianinas existentes no juçara possui capacidade de inserção no mercado, uma vez que os dados comprovam a sua presença expressiva no fruto.

  16. Kurutulmuş Sebzelerin Besin Değerleri Üzerine Bir Araştırma (İngilizce

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Necla Çağlarırmak

    2015-02-01

    Full Text Available Beslenme hayat için elzem olan olgudur. Gıda prosesleri kurutma gibi çeşitli gıda işlemleri bazında geliştirilmektedir. Araştırmada kurutulmuş patlıcan, pırasa, karnabahar ve brokolinin besin değerleri mevsim ya da hava koşullarına bağlı olarak güneşte veya serada kurutulduktan sonra belirlenmiştir. Kurutulmuş patlıcanının araştırılan başlıca besin ögeleri ; tiamin (B1, riboflavin (B2, retinol (A, pridoksin (B6, askorbik asit (C, folik asit, magnezyum (Mg, potasyum (K, sodyum (Na, fosfor (P, Çinko (Zn, Demir (Fe ve Bakır (Cu'dır. Çalışmada kurutulmuş pırasa, karnabahar ve brokolide aynı bileşenler P ve Cu hariç ancak niacin ve Ca dahil olmak üzere saptanmıştır. Kurutma işleminin koşulları ısı, hava oksijeni ve gün ışığı gibi çeşitli fiziksel faktörlere maruz kalmaktadır. Araştırılan sebzelerin kuru maddelerindeki artış, kuru madde bazında besin öğelerinin konsantre olmasına neden olmaktadır. Çalışılan kurutulmuş sebzeler genellikle besin bileşenlerini koruduklarından beslenme düzeyine katkıda bulunmaları gerektir.

  17. Ortaokul 8. Sınıf Öğrencilerinin Okur Özyeterlikleri ile Okuduklarını Anlama Becerileri Arasındaki İlişki

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Hatice ALTUNKAYA

    2018-01-01

    Full Text Available Çalışmada, ortaokul 8. sınıf öğrencilerinin okur özyeterlik algıları ile okuduklarını anlama becerileri arasındaki ilişki araştırılmıştır. Veri toplama araçları olarak Ülper, Yaylı ve Karakaya (2013 tarafından geliştirilmiş “Okur Özyeterlik Ölçeği” ve Dedebali ve Saracaloğlu (2010 tarafından geliştirilen “Okuduğunu Anlama Akademik Başarı Testi” kullanılmıştır. Söz konusu ölçek ve test Türkiye’nin batısında bir ilde ortaokul sekizinci sınıfta öğrenim gören 364 öğrenciye uygulanmıştır. Araştırma sonucunda, öğrencilerin okur özyeterlik algı düzeyi düşüklüğünün okuduğunu anlama düzeyini azalttığı tespit edilmiştir. Kızların özyeterlik algıları erkeklerden düşük olarak bulunan araştırmada, kızların okuduğunu anlama seviyelerinin erkeklerden yüksek olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Anne eğitim durumu ve aile aylık geliri değişkenlerine göre öğrencilerin özyeterlikleri ile okuduklarını anlama seviyeleri arasında anlamlı bir farklılık bulunmamıştır. Baba eğitim durumu değişkenine göre öğrencilerin okur özyeterliğinde anlamlı bir farklılık bulunmazken okuduğunu anlama üzerinde anlamlı bir farklılık bulunduğu, üniversite mezunu babaların çocuklarının okuduklarını anlama seviyelerinin daha yüksek olduğu ortaya konulmuştur.

  18. Gebelerde Fiziksel Aktivite ve Yaşam Kalitesi Arasındaki İlişki

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Özlem Çinar Özdemir

    2017-04-01

    Full Text Available Amaç: Bu çalışmada gebe kadınlarda fiziksel aktivite ve yaşam kalitesi seviyelerini belirlemek vebunlar arasındaki ilişkiyi incelemek amaçlanmıştır.Gereç ve Yöntemler: Bu çalışmaya gebelik nedeniyle başvuran toplam 210 kadın dahil edildi.Çalışmada kadınların sosyodemografik özellikleri demografik bilgi formu ile toplandı. Kadınlarınfiziksel aktivite seviyeleri Uluslararası Fiziksel Aktivite Anketi—Kısa Formu ile, yaşam kaliteleri iseNottingham Sağlık Profili ile değerlendirildi.Bulgular: Fiziksel aktivite seviyesi ile Nottingham Sağlık Profili toplam, enerji seviyesi, sosyal izolasyonve uyku alt parametreleri arasında negatif yönde düşük düzeyde anlamlı bir korelasyonvardı (toplam için r = -0,19; p = 0,007; enerji seviyesi için r = -0,17; p = 0,01; sosyal izolasyon içinr = -0,16; p = 0,01 ve uyku için r = -0,14; p = 0,03. Gebelik trimesterlerine göre yaşam kalitesive fiziksel aktivite karşılaştırıldığında Nottingham Sağlık Profili toplam, emosyonel reaksiyonlar,sosyal izolasyon, fiziksel aktivite parametreleri ile Uluslararası Fiziksel Aktivite Anketi—Kısa Formudeğerlerinde anlamlı fark bulundu (p<0,05.Tartışma ve Sonuç: Çalışmamızda fiziksel aktivite seviyesi ile yaşam kalitesi arasında negatifyönde ilişki olduğu sonucuna varıldı. Daha geniş örneklemler üzerinde, gebelerde fiziksel aktiviteyideğerlendiren gebeliğe özgü bir fiziksel aktivite anketi kullanılarak gerçekleştirilecek çalışmalaraihtiyaç olduğu düşüncesindeyiz.

  19. Kütüphan-e Türkiye Projesi: Halk Kütüphanesi Potansiyel Kullanım Araştırması

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Umut Al

    2014-12-01

    Full Text Available Bu çalışmada Kütüphan-e Türkiye Projesi kapsamında yapılan Halk Kütüphanesi Potansiyel Kullanım Araştırması sonucunda elde edilen bulgular değerlendirilmektedir. Çalışma kapsamında, “İstatistiki Bölge Birimleri Sınıflandırması, Düzey 2” çerçevesinde seçilen 26 ildeki potansiyel halk kütüphanesi kullanımı çeşitli yönlerden incelenmekte, halk kütüphanesi kullanımı ve bazı değişkenler (yaş, gelir düzeyi gibi arasındaki ilişkiler analiz edilmektedir. Çalışmada halk kütüphanesi kullanım örüntülerinin coğrafik bölgeler arasında farklılık gösterip göstermediği de araştırılmaktadır. Halk Kütüphanesi Potansiyel Kullanım Araştırması Anketi 20 Şubat 2014 ile 18 Mart 2014 tarihleri arasında Kütüphan-e Türkiye Projesi kapsamında incelenen 26 ilde 2654 kişiye uygulanmıştır. Anket 24 sorudan oluşmaktadır ve halk kütüphanelerinin kullanılma düzeyi, halk kütüphanelerinin kullanılmama nedenleri, potansiyel halk kütüphanesi kullanıcılarının bilgi ve iletişim teknolojilerine yönelik becerileri gibi konularda detaylı bilgilerin elde edilmesine olanak tanımaktadır. Çalışma sonucunda kırsal alanda yaşayanların kentsel alanda yaşayanlara göre halk kütüphanelerinden daha az yararlanma eğiliminde oldukları, halk kütüphanelerini kullanmayan kesimin yoğun olarak böyle bir gereksinime sahip olmadığı için kullanmadıkları, kütüphane kullanımının eğitim, iş durumu, yaş, gelir düzeyi, yaşanılan coğrafik bölge gibi değişkenlere bağlı olarak farklılık gösterdiği belirlenmiştir. Kütüphan-e Türkiye Projesi’nin planlama faaliyetleri açısından oldukça önemli olan potansiyel kullanıcıların hangi ücretsiz eğitimleri talep ettiği bilgisi de Halk Kütüphanesi Potansiyel Kullanım Araştırması Anketi aracılığıyla elde edilmiştir.

  20. Establishment of a long-term spiral ganglion neuron culture with reduced glial cell number: Effects of AraC on cell composition and neurons.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Schwieger, Jana; Esser, Karl-Heinz; Lenarz, Thomas; Scheper, Verena

    2016-08-01

    Sensorineural deafness is mainly caused by damage to hair cells and degeneration of the spiral ganglion neurons (SGN). Cochlear implants can functionally replace lost hair cells and stimulate the SGN electrically. The benefit from cochlear implantation depends on the number and excitability of these neurons. To identify potential therapies for SGN protection, in vitro tests are carried out on spiral ganglion cells (SGC). A glial cell-reduced and neuron-enhanced culture of neonatal rat SGC under mitotic inhibition (cytarabine (AraC)) for up to seven days is presented. Serum containing and neurotrophin-enriched cultures with and without AraC-addition were analyzed after 4 and 7 days. The total number of cells was significantly reduced, while the proportion of neurons was greatly increased by AraC-treatment. Cell type-specific labeling demonstrated that nearly all fibroblasts and most of the glial cells were removed. Neither the neuronal survival, nor the neurite outgrowth or soma diameter were negatively affected. Additionally neurites remain partly free of surrounding non-neuronal cells. Recent culture conditions allow only for short-term cultivation of neonatal SGC and lack information on the influence of non-neuronal cells on SGN and of direct contact of neurites with test-materials. AraC-addition reduces the number of non-neuronal cells and increases the ratio of SGN in culture, without negative impact on neuronal viability. This treatment allows longer-term cultivation of SGC and provides deeper insight into SGN-glial cell interaction and the attachment of neurites on test-material surfaces. Copyright © 2016 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

  1. Duygusal ve Rasyonel Sosyal Reklam Mesajlarının Etkililiği Üzerine Bir Araştırma

    OpenAIRE

    AYTEKİN, Pınar; YAKIN, Volkan

    2015-01-01

    Çalışmada, sosyal pazarlamanın tanımına ve uygulama alanlarına değinilmiş, sosyal pazarlamada kullanılan duygusal ve rasyonel çekiciliklerin ve hedef kitle üzerindeki etkilerinin belirlenmesi üzerine nitel ve nicel olmak üzere iki aşamalı bir araştırma gerçekleştirilmiştir. Araştırmada Türk Kızılay’ına ait iki reklam afişinden faydalanılmıştır. İlk aşamada reklamların mesaj içerikleri göstergebilimsel analiz yardımıyla analiz edilerek rasyonel/duygusal çekiciliklerden hangisine sahip olduklar...

  2. Contribution to the radioactivity of Um Ara granitic pluton, south-eastern desert, Egypt

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    El Reedy, M.W.; Kamel, A.F.; Mansour, S.E.I.

    1988-01-01

    Um Ara area lies in the southern part of the eastern desert between latitudes 22 0 30' and 22 0 41'N and longitudes 33 0 46' and 33 0 54'E. Several types of granitic varieties ranging from high silica granite (SiO 2 >75%) to low silica granite (SiO 2 68-70%) occur in Um Ara granitic pluton. Surface samples were collected from the high anomalous locations in the pluton together with trenches samples (about 50cm in depth). The U content in the surface samples ranges from 69 to 7 ppm while in trenches samples, it ranges from 38 to 759 ppm. The thorium content on the other hand ranges from 34 to 402 ppm in surface samples and from 158 to 316 ppm in trenches samples. Some samples show no Th contents. The Th/U ratios ranges from 0.065 to 3.137 in surface samples and from 0.386 to 2.590 in trenches samples. An enrichment of U content is the main feature characterising this granitic pluton, it is mainly connected with the fractured zones. Uranium is mostly present as secondary U mineralization accompanied by Fe, Mn and to some extent by carbonate materials. A hydrothermal origin could be considered for this U mineralization in the pluton. Primary U mineralization (pitchblende) together with secondary mineralization was observed in some locations in the area disseminated in the granite, this reflects the syngenetic origin of this granitic type

  3. Envenenamiento en niños por mordedura de la araña "Latrodectus Mactans" (Viuda Negra): Características clínicas y tratamiento

    OpenAIRE

    Sotelo-Cruz, Norberto; Hurtado-Valenzuela, Jaime Gabriel; Gómez-Rivera, Norberto

    2006-01-01

    Introducción: El envenenamiento por mordedura de araña "viuda negra" es poco frecuente en edades pediátricas sin embargo no está exento de complicaciones y si no se trata a tiempo puede causar la muerte. En México se desconoce el número exacto de estos accidentes. Objetivo: Identificar los signos y síntomas característicos, evolución y tratamiento de los niños atendidos por morderua de araña en el Hospital Infantil del Estado de Sonora, con el propósito de establecer el tratamiento oportuno. ...

  4. The diagnostic value of specific IgE to Ara h 2 to predict peanut allergy in children is comparable to a validated and updated diagnostic prediction model.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Klemans, Rob J B; Otte, Dianne; Knol, Mirjam; Knol, Edward F; Meijer, Yolanda; Gmelig-Meyling, Frits H J; Bruijnzeel-Koomen, Carla A F M; Knulst, André C; Pasmans, Suzanne G M A

    2013-01-01

    A diagnostic prediction model for peanut allergy in children was recently published, using 6 predictors: sex, age, history, skin prick test, peanut specific immunoglobulin E (sIgE), and total IgE minus peanut sIgE. To validate this model and update it by adding allergic rhinitis, atopic dermatitis, and sIgE to peanut components Ara h 1, 2, 3, and 8 as candidate predictors. To develop a new model based only on sIgE to peanut components. Validation was performed by testing discrimination (diagnostic value) with an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve and calibration (agreement between predicted and observed frequencies of peanut allergy) with the Hosmer-Lemeshow test and a calibration plot. The performance of the (updated) models was similarly analyzed. Validation of the model in 100 patients showed good discrimination (88%) but poor calibration (P original model: sex, skin prick test, peanut sIgE, and total IgE minus sIgE. When building a model with sIgE to peanut components, Ara h 2 was the only predictor, with a discriminative ability of 90%. Cutoff values with 100% positive and negative predictive values could be calculated for both the updated model and sIgE to Ara h 2. In this way, the outcome of the food challenge could be predicted with 100% accuracy in 59% (updated model) and 50% (Ara h 2) of the patients. Discrimination of the validated model was good; however, calibration was poor. The discriminative ability of Ara h 2 was almost comparable to that of the updated model, containing 4 predictors. With both models, the need for peanut challenges could be reduced by at least 50%. Copyright © 2012 American Academy of Allergy, Asthma & Immunology. Published by Mosby, Inc. All rights reserved.

  5. Sosyal Bilgiler Öğretmenlerinin Süreç Odaklı Ölçme ve Değerlendirme Araçlarını Kullanma Durumları: İstanbul İli Örneği

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Ayşe AYDOĞMUŞ

    2012-02-01

    Full Text Available Araştırmanın amacı, sosyal bilgiler öğretmenlerinin süreç odaklı ölçme ve değerlendirme araçlarını kullanma durumlarının incelenmesidir. Bu amacı gerçekleştirmek için, nicel araştırma yöntemlerinden genel tarama modelinden yararlanılmıştır. Araştırmanın örneklemini ise evrenden uygun örnekleme yöntemiyle seçilen 155 ilköğretim okulundaki 270 sosyal bilgiler öğretmeni oluşturmuştur. Araştırmacılar tarafından geliştirilen anketten elde edilen veriler, frekans, yüzde ve iki değişkenli “Ki Kare (χ2” testinden yararlanılarak yorumlanmıştır. Araştırma sonucunda; mesleki kıdem ile rubrik, kontrol listeleri, tutum ölçeği ve dilsiz harita kullanımında; mezun olunan kurum türü ile proje ile rubrik kullanımında; hizmet içi eğitimin proje, rubrik, gözlem formu ve dilsiz harita kullanımında anlamlı bir ilişki bulunmuştur. Ayrıca, süreç odaklı ölçme araçlarından performansın ve projenin sıklıkla kullanıldığı; yapılandırılmış grid, tanılayıcı dallanmış ağaç tekniği, tutum ölçekleri ve akran değerlendirmenin ise nadiren kullanıldığı görülmüştür. Öğretmenlerin bu araçları yeterince tanımadıkları sonucuna varılmıştır. Bu nedenle, konuyla ilgili öğretmenlere küçük gruplarla, uygulamalı hizmet içi eğitim seminerleri düzenlemesi; eğitim fakültelerinde bu araçların uygulamalı bir şekilde kullanılmasının öğretilmesi önerilmektedir.

  6. Propagação de araçazeiro e goiabeira via miniestaquia de material juvenil

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Jalille Amim Altoé

    2011-01-01

    Full Text Available Este trabalho foi realizado com o objetivo de avaliar a viabilidade da técnica de miniestaquia no enraizamento de material juvenil de araçazeiro (Psidium guineense e Psidium cattleyanum e goiabeira (Psidium guajava, e no crescimento das mudas após a repicagem e na produtividade das minicepas em sucessivas coletas. Foram instalados três experimentos em delineamento de blocos casualizados utilizando-se três espécies diferentes e quatro repetições. Sessenta e dois dias após o estaqueamento, verificou-se que em P. guineense, P. cattleyanum e P. guajava houve enraizamento de 96%; 92% e 100% respectivamente. Em P. guajava o diâmetro mínimo do caule era de oito milímetros aos 110 dias após a repicagem e em P. guineense e P. cattleyanum, o diâmetro do caule estava próximo a sete milímetros aos 140 dias após a repicagem. Foi verificado aumento do potencial de produção de miniestacas ao longo das sucessivas coletas de brotações. Com base nesses resultados, conclui-se que a técnica da miniestaquia é viável para multiplicação do araçazeiro e da goiabeira.

  7. Kefir Mikroflorası Üzerinde Araştırma

    OpenAIRE

    Erol Ergüllü; Mustafa Üçüncü

    2015-01-01

    Çalışmada, çeşitli yörelerden sağlanmış 7 kefir örneğinin mikroflorası araştırılmış ve elde edilen bulgulara göre, kefir mikroflorasında süt asidi bakterileri (Streptokok ve Laktobasiller) ile mayaların çoğunlukta olduğu belirlenmiştir. Bu bakteri türlerinden her birinin kefir oluşumunda ayrı bir yeri bulunmaktadır. Süt asidi bakterileri sütü pıhtılaştırmakta ve bunlardan bazıları da ayrıca uçucu asitler oluşturarak, kefirin tat ve kokusunun meydana gelmesine katkıda bulunmaktadırlar. Mayalar...

  8. Kefir Mikroflorası Üzerinde Araştırma

    OpenAIRE

    Ergüllü, Erol; Üçüncü, Mustafa

    2014-01-01

      Çalışmada, çeşitli yörelerden sağlanmış 7 kefir örneğinin mikroflorası araştırılmış ve elde edilen bulgulara göre, kefir mikroflorasında süt asidi bakterileri (Streptokok ve Laktobasiller) ile mayaların çoğunlukta olduğu belirlenmiştir. Bu bakteri türlerinden her birinin kefir oluşumunda ayrı bir yeri bulunmaktadır. Süt asidi bakterileri sütü pıhtılaştırmakta ve bunlardan bazıları da ayrıca uçucu asitler oluşturarak, kefirin tat ve kokusunun meydana gelmesine katkıda bulunmaktadırlar. Mayal...

  9. Kefir Mikroflorası Üzerinde Araştırma

    OpenAIRE

    Ergüllü, Erol; Üçüncü, Mustafa

    2015-01-01

      Çalışmada, çeşitli yörelerden sağlanmış 7 kefir örneğinin mikroflorası araştırılmış ve elde edilen bulgulara göre, kefir mikroflorasında süt asidi bakterileri (Streptokok ve Laktobasiller) ile mayaların çoğunlukta olduğu belirlenmiştir. Bu bakteri türlerinden her birinin kefir oluşumunda ayrı bir yeri bulunmaktadır. Süt asidi bakterileri sütü pıhtılaştırmakta ve bunlardan bazıları da ayrıca uçucu asitler oluşturarak, kefirin tat ve kokusunun meydana gelmesine katkıda bulunmaktadırlar. Mayal...

  10. DETERMINAÇÃO DO VALOR D10 PARA ESCHERICHIA COLI EM POLPA DE JUÇARA IRRADIADA

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Paula Porrelli Moreira da SILVA

    2011-04-01

    Full Text Available A aplicação de tratamentos não térmicos tem se mostrado efi ciente na inibição de bactérias como Escherichia coli. Sua presença em alimentos processados é considerada uma indicação útil de contaminação pós sanitização ou pós processo (principalmente no caso da pasteurização, evidenciando práticas de higiene e sanitização inadequados para o processamento de alimentos. A irradiaçãoéum métodoefi cientede conservação de alimentos, por reduzir o número de micro-organismos patogênicos e deteriorantes, sem que as características sensoriais e nutricionais do alimento sejam alteradas signifi cativamente. A juçara (Euterpe edulis é palmeira nativa da Mata Atlântica, que além do palmito, produz frutos comestí- veis similares ao açaí, possuindo interesse econômico. Os objetivos desta pesquisa foram determinar o valor D10 de Escherichia coli inoculada em polpa de juçara (E. edulis irradiada, recomendando-se uma dose de radiação para ser aplicada a esse alimento a fi m de torná-lo seguro frente a este micro-organismo. O valor D10 foi calculado a partir da curva de sobreviventes dessa bactéria em polpa de ju- çara, após ter sido exposta às doses de 0kGy (controle; 0,5kGy; 1,0kGy; 1,5kGy e 2,0kGy. O valor D10 obtido foi 0,404kGy, sendo que a dose de radiação recomendada para reduzir sete ciclos logarítmicos de E. coli, a fi m de garantir a segurança higiênico-sanitária do produto, foi de 2,83kGy.

  11. Bazı Çemen (Trigonella foenum-graecum Hatlarında Yağ ve Yağ Asitleri Bileşenlerinin Araştırılması

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Mehmet Küçük

    2015-02-01

    Full Text Available Bu çalışmada, Ankara Üniversitesi, Ziraat Fakültesi, Tarla Bitkileri Bölümü’nde geliştirilen 7 çemen hattının ve 1 standart çeşidin yağ oranları ve yağ asidi bileşenleri araştırılmıştır. Araştırma sonuçlarına göre, yağ oranları %4.01 ile %5.89 arasında değişim göstermiştir. Çemen hatlarında en yüksek yağ asidi olarak linoleik asit bulunmuş, bunu sırasıyla linolenik, oleik ve miristik asitler izlemiştir. Ortalama değerler olarak %44.64 linoleik asit, %23.12 linolenik asit, %19.34 oleik ve %10.24 miristik asit değerleri elde edilmiştir.

  12. FREQUÊNCIA DE OCORRÊNCIA E CARACTERÍSTICAS MORFOLÓGICAS EXTERNOS DE PEIXES MARINHOS DE CAIÇARA DO NORTE, RIO GRANDE DO NORTE, BRASIL

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Marcelo Moreira Carvalho

    2014-08-01

    Full Text Available O litoral de Caiçara do Norte é considerado uma área de maior produção pesqueira artesanal do Rio Grande do Norte, Brasil. O objetivo deste estudo foi verificar a frequência de ocorrência, as características morfológicos externos de peixes marinhos de Caiçara do Norte, RN. Durante o período de julho de 2012 a agosto de 2013, foi registrada a ocorrência de cinco ordens (Beloniformes, Clupeiformes, Mugiliformes, Perciformes, Siluriformes, 13 famílias (Ariidae, Exocoetidae, Carangidae, Clupeidae, Coryphaenidae, Haemulidae, Hemiramphidae, Istiophoridae, Lutjanidae, Mugilidae, Sparidae, Serranidae,  Scombridae e 29 espécies de peixes marinhos. Os resultados do presente trabalho podem enriquecer o conhecimento da ictiofauna das águas costeiras de Caiçara do Norte, além de fornecer informações para o futuro planejamento da gestão e conservação dos recursos pesqueiros do litoral do Rio Grande do Norte, Brasil. Palavras chave: Águas costeiras; pesca artesanal; recursos pesqueiros; litoral norte do RN. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.18561/2179-5746/biotaamazonia.v4n2p55-63

  13. Integrating Fuzzy AHP and Fuzzy ARAS for evaluating financial performance

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Abdolhamid Safaei Ghadikolaei

    2014-09-01

    Full Text Available Multi Criteria Decision Making (MCDM is an advanced field of Operation Research; recently MCDM methods are efficient and common tools for performance evaluation in many areas such as finance and economy. The aim of this study is to show one of applications of mathematics in real word. This study with considering value based measures and accounting based measures simultaneously, provided a hybrid approach of MCDM methods in fuzzy environment for financial performance evaluation of automotive and parts manufacturing industry of Tehran stock exchange (TSE.for this purpose Fuzzy analytic hierarchy process (FAHP is applied to determine the relative important of each criterion, then The companies are ranked according their financial performance by using fuzzy additive ratio assessment (Fuzzy ARAS method. The finding of this study showed effective of this approach in evaluating financial performance.

  14. Perceptions of Animal Experimentation: A Longitudinal Survey with Veterinary Students in Araçatuba, São Paulo, Brazil

    Science.gov (United States)

    Machado, Gisele F.; Melo, Guilherme D.; Perri, Silvia H. V.; Fernandes, Fernando V.; Moraes, Olívia C.; Souza, Milena S.; Grano, Fernanda G.; Silva, José E. S.; Nunes, Cáris M.

    2017-01-01

    Animal experimentation is a controversial topic, especially among the general public and the scientific community. Thirty-eight undergraduate students attending the College of Veterinary Medicine--São Paulo State University in the municipality of Araçatuba, São Paulo, Brazil, were followed up between 2008 and 2011 and were asked to complete an…

  15. İş Özellikleri, İş-Yaşam Dengesi ve Meslekten Ayrılma Niyeti Arasındaki İlişkilerin Aday Öğretmen Görüşlerine Göre İncelenmesi

    OpenAIRE

    Polat, Şule; Özdemir, Murat

    2017-01-01

    Bu araştırmada aday öğretmenlerin görüşlerine bağlı olarak öğretmenlik mesleği iş özellikleri, iş yaşam dengesi ve meslekten ayrılma niyeti arasındaki ilişki incelenmiştir. Araştırmanın çalışma grubunu, 2016-2017 eğitim öğretim yılının birinci döneminde Ankara ilinin dokuz ilçesindeki (Çankaya, Mamak, Altındağ, Keçiören, Yenimahalle, Sincan, Etimesgut, Gölbaşı ve Pursaklar) resmi ortaöğretim kurumlarında görev yapan 225 aday öğretmen oluşturmaktadır. Araştırma verileri “Öğretmenlik Mesleği İş...

  16. Design of an ectoine-responsive AraC mutant and its application in metabolic engineering of ectoine biosynthesis.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Chen, Wei; Zhang, Shan; Jiang, Peixia; Yao, Jun; He, Yongzhi; Chen, Lincai; Gui, Xiwu; Dong, Zhiyang; Tang, Shuang-Yan

    2015-07-01

    Advanced high-throughput screening methods for small molecules may have important applications in the metabolic engineering of the biosynthetic pathways of these molecules. Ectoine is an excellent osmoprotectant that has been widely used in cosmetics. In this study, the Escherichia coli regulatory protein AraC was engineered to recognize ectoine as its non-natural effector and to activate transcription upon ectoine binding. As an endogenous reporter of ectoine, the mutated AraC protein was successfully incorporated into high-throughput screening of ectoine hyper-producing strains. The ectoine biosynthetic cluster from Halomonas elongata was cloned into E. coli. By engineering the rate-limiting enzyme L-2,4-diaminobutyric acid (DABA) aminotransferase (EctB), ectoine production and the specific activity of the EctB mutant were increased. Thus, these results demonstrated the effectiveness of engineering regulatory proteins into sensitive and rapid screening tools for small molecules and highlighted the importance and efficacy of directed evolution strategies applied to the engineering of genetic components for yield improvement in the biosynthesis of small molecules. Copyright © 2015 International Metabolic Engineering Society. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

  17. Peskütenin Kimyasal ve Mikrobiyolojik Özellikleri Üzerine bir Araştırma

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Ahmet Kurt

    2015-02-01

    Full Text Available Bu araştırmada Sivas ili ve çevresinden şansa bağlı olarak alınan 14 adet Pesküten örneği üzerinde kimyasal ve mikrobiyolojik araştırmalar yapılmıştır. Belirlenen değerler ortalama olarak şöyledir: Kurumaddede %30.96, su %69.04, yağ %3.66, yağsız kurumadde %27.30, toplam kül %4.92, kurumaddede kül %15.95, kurumaddede tuz %12.18, saf kül %1.13, protein %22.08, şeker ve benzerleri %0.295 ve asitlik derecesi 83.90 SH olmuştur. Bunun yanında ortalama mikrobiyolojik içerik; toplam bakteri sayısı 3.735x106/g, koliform bakteri sayısı 5.69x104/g, maya ve küf sayısı 1.398x104/g, laktik bakteri sayısı 1.997x106/g, proteolitik bakteri sayısı, 12.34x104/g ve lipolitik bakteri sayısı 10.14x104/g olarak belirlenmiştir.

  18. Diversidad de arañas (Arachnida: Araneae en hábitats antropogénicos Diversity of spiders (Arachnida: Araneae in anthropogenic habitats

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Marco Antonio Desales-Lara

    2013-03-01

    Full Text Available La construcción de ciudades constituye la transformación más drástica, fundamental e irreversible de los sistemas naturales, reemplazando todo componente biótico y abiótico original del lugar. Entre los artrópodos que han podido adaptarse a los ambientes urbanos se encuentran las arañas. Se encontraron 41 especies en el interior de 12 casas de 2 niveles de la ciudad de Toluca, ubicadas en 4 ambientes con diferente grado de urbanización, durante el periodo de septiembre del 2009 a agosto del 2010. Por primera vez se empleó un método sistematizado para recolecta de arañas en el interior de las viviendas. La diversidad de arañas fue diferente en cada uno de los ambientes muestreados; el índice de Shannon (H' mostró que la diversidad de arañas es mayor en las casas que presentan jardín en el ambiente urbano, por lo que no se apoya la hipótesis del disturbio intermedio. El número de arañas encontradas fue mayor en el primer nivel de las viviendas que en el segundo, por lo que se proponen 3 hipótesis para explicar esta diferencia. Se propone la prueba de Olmstead-Tukey para determinar los 4 niveles de sinantropismo (N. S., ya que la prueba engloba valores utilizados en los índices de densidad e infestación (ocupación.City-building is the most drastic, fundamental and irreversible transformation of natural environments, replacing all original biotic and abiotic components of the site. Spiders are among the arthropods that have become adapted to urban environments. We found 41 species within 12 two-story houses of the city of Toluca, located in 4 environments with different degrees of urbanization, during the period September 2009-August 2010. For the first time a systematic method was used to collect spiders inside houses with even collecting efforts. The diversity of spiders is different in each of the sampled environments, the Shannon index (H ' indicated that the diversity of spiders was higher in houses with gardens in the

  19. High resolution visualization and exo-proteomics reveal the physiological role of XlnR and AraR in plant biomass colonization and degradation by Aspergillus niger.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Kowalczyk, Joanna E; Khosravi, Claire; Purvine, Samuel; Dohnalkova, Alice; Chrisler, William B; Orr, Galya; Robinson, Errol; Zink, Erika; Wiebenga, Ad; Peng, Mao; Battaglia, Evy; Baker, Scott; de Vries, Ronald P

    2017-11-01

    In A. niger, two transcription factors, AraR and XlnR, regulate the production of enzymes involved in degradation of arabinoxylan and catabolism of the released l-arabinose and d-xylose. Deletion of both araR and xlnR in leads to reduced production of (hemi)cellulolytic enzymes and reduced growth on arabinan, arabinogalactan and xylan. In this study, we investigated the colonization and degradation of wheat bran by the A. niger reference strain CBS 137562 and araR/xlnR regulatory mutants using high-resolution microscopy and exo-proteomics. We discovered that wheat bran flakes have a 'rough' and 'smooth' surface with substantially different affinity towards fungal hyphae. While colonization of the rough side was possible for all strains, the xlnR mutants struggled to survive on the smooth side of the wheat bran particles after 20 and 40 h post inoculation. Impaired colonization ability of the smooth surface of wheat bran was linked to reduced potential of ΔxlnR to secrete arabinoxylan and cellulose-degrading enzymes and indicates that XlnR is the major regulator that drives colonization of wheat bran in A. niger. © 2017 Society for Applied Microbiology and John Wiley & Sons Ltd.

  20. Konya Hayvancılık Merkez Araştırma Enstitüsü'ndeki esmer ırk sığırlarda bazı dölverimi özellikleri

    OpenAIRE

    İNAL, Şeref

    1988-01-01

      Bu çalışma, Karacabey Harası, İsviçre, Almanya ve Amerika orijinli Brown Swiss sığır ırkı varyetelerinin, Kon ya Hayvancılık Merkez Araştırma Enstitüsü şartlarındaki döl verimi özelliklerinin belirlenmesi ve hangi genotip grubunun, îç Anadolu Bölgesinde, ne derecede başarılı olduğunun ortaya konulması amacıyla yapılmıştır. Araştırmanın materyalini, 1976-1985 yılları arasında Enstitüde bulunan 165 İsviçre Es- meri, 242 Alman Esmeri, 178 Amerikan Esmeri ve 52 Karacabey Esmer...

  1. Öğrencilerin Girişimci Kişilik Özellikleri İle Girişimcilik Eğilimleri Üzerine Bir Araştırma

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Hasan YÜKSEL

    2015-04-01

    Full Text Available Girişimcilik, çevrenin yarattığı fırsatları sezme, bu fırsatları projelere dönüştürme, projeleri yaşama taşıma ve zenginlik üretme becerisi şeklinde tanımlanabilir. Bu süreçte başarılı girişimciler için ise birçok özellik tanımlanmaktadır. Kişide girişimcilik ruhu genetik olarak var olabileceği gibi aile, ailenin mesleği, çevre, eğitim de girişimcilik ruhunu geliştirmede önemli etkenlerdir. Bu çalışmada temel amaç işletme yönetimi bölümü öğrencilerinin girişimci kişilik özellikleri ve girişimcilik eğilimleri arasındaki ilişkiyi analiz etmektir. Bu nedenle meslek yüksekokulu işletme yönetiminde öğrenim gören bölüm öğrencilerine araştırmada ileri sürülen hipotezleri test etmek amacıyla anket uygulanmıştır. Elde edilen bulgulara göre araştırmaya katılan öğrencilerin girişimci kişilik özellikleri yenilikçilik, duyarlılık ve fırsatçılık şeklinde ortaya çıkmıştır. Strese karşı dayanma ise düşük düzeyde ortaya çıkan girişimci kişilik özellikleri arasındadır. Ayrıca çalışmada katılımcıların girişimcilik özellikleri ile cinsiyet değişkeni ve aile meslekleri ile girişimcilik özellikleri arasındaki istatistiksel açıdan anlamlı bir ilişki tespit edilmiştir.

  2. Pengaruh Aras Energi Pakan dan Skor Kondisi Tubuh Terhadap Produksi dan Kualitas Fisik Daging Ternak Sapi Bali Betina Afkir

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    M.E. Ili

    2016-02-01

    Full Text Available Penelitian dilakukan untuk mengetahui pengaruh aras energi dan kondisi tubuh terhadap produksi dan mutu daging sapi Bali betina afkir. Kajian ini menggunakan 18 ekor sapi Bali betina afkir yang kurus dengan skor kondisi tubuh 2. Penelitian menggunakan rancangan acak lengkap dengan aras energi sebagai faktor utama dan skor kondisi tubuh sebagai faktor tersarang. Pakan komplit fermentasi (2% dari berat badan dengan level energi yang berbeda yaitu 7, 8 dan 9 MJ diberikan sebagai perlakuan. Penelitian berlangsung selama 3 bulan yang terdiri dari 2 minggu masa persiapan dan penyesuaian (preleminary dan 10 minggu pengambilan (koleksi data. Parameter utama adalah produksi karkas dan kualitas fisik serta kimia daging. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tidak terdapat pengaruh (P>0.05 dari level energi dan skor kondisi tubuh pada parameter yang diukur. Sementara itu, nilai susut masak dan keempukan secara signifikan dipengaruhi oleh level energi pakan. Kesimpulannya bahwa penggemukan sapi Bali betina afkir dapat dilakukan secara efisien dalam periode singkat. Ada indikasi perubahan skor kondisi tubuh yang memadai dengan pemberian pakan pada level energi metabolis 9 MJ.

  3. Kendini değerlendirme ve sınav performansı arasındaki ilişki ile sınav kaygısının sınav performansını yordama etkisinin incelenmesi

    OpenAIRE

    Dalkıran, Esra

    2015-01-01

    Bu araştırma, kendini değerlendirme yöntemini kullanarak öz yeterlik düzeyleri gözlemi yapmak ve sınav kaygısının kendini değerlendirme performansı üzerine etkisini tespit etmek amacıyla yapılmıştır. Bu araştırma, çalgı eğitiminde performansın değerlendirilmesi ile öğrencinin kendini değerlendirmesi arasındaki ilişkiyi ve sınav kaygısının sınav performansını yordama etkisini belirlemeyi amaçlamaktadır. Çalışmanın araştırma grubunu 2014-2015 güz yarıyılında Müzik Öğretmenliği Bölümünde öğrenim...

  4. Türkiye’de Vergi Gelirleri ile Ekonomik Kalkınma Arasındaki İlişki: Frekans Alanı Nedensellik Analizi

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Mehmet Vahit EREN

    2018-01-01

    Full Text Available Çalışmanın amacı, Türkiye’de 1975-2013 dönemine ait yıllık verilerle vergi gelirleri ile kalkınma arasındaki ilişkinin varlığını araştırmakla beraber söz konusu ilişkinin yönünü farklı ekonometrik testlerle analiz etmektir. Hacker ve Hatemi nedensellik testi bulgularına göre, dolaylı vergi gelirlerinden kalkınmaya doğru tek yönlü; Breitung ve Caldelon frekans alanı nedensellik testi ise toplam vergi gelirlerinden kalkınmaya, dolaysız vergi gelirlerinden kalkınmaya ve kalkınmadan dolaylı vergi gelirlerine doğru tek yönlü ilişkiler tespit edilmiştir.

  5. Sosyal Medyada Kitle Çeviri Üzerine Bir Araştırma / A Study on Crowdsourcing Translation in Social Media

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Ezgi Keskin GAGA

    2017-05-01

    Full Text Available Bu araştırma, Türkiye’de “Sosyal Medya Çevirileri” örneğinde yaygınlaşan ve giderek po¬püler bir eylem haline geldiği düşünülen “Kitle Çeviri (crowdsourcing translation” yöntemini inceleme amacını taşımaktadır. Çalışmanın temel sorunsalları; kitle çeviri yöntemiyle kitlesel üretimi yapılan çeviri eyleminin giderek popüler kültür ürünü haline gelmesi, popüler zeminde üretilen bu çevirilerin kalitesi, çeviriyi üreten çevirmenlerin kimliğidir. Araştırma kapsamında sosyal medya sitelerinden Facebook incelenerek Facebook’un Türkçeye çevrilmesine katkıda bulunan gönüllü çevirmenlere 16 soruluk anket uygulanmıştır. Araştırma sonucu yapılan değerlendirmeler uygulanan anket çerçevesinde ortaya çıkmıştır. Değerlendirmeler yalnızca an-ket uygulanan grupla sınırlıdır. Araştırmanın ilk bölümünde kitle çevirinin popüler kültürdeki konumu değerlendirilmiş, ikinci bölümde sosyal medya sitesi Facebook örneğinde “kitle çeviri” olgusu incelenmiştir. Araştırmanın sonunda, kitle çeviri yöntemiyle kitlesel üretimi yapılan çeviri eyleminin nasıl bir dönüşüm içine girdiği izlenmektedir. Çeviri eyleminin giderek popüler kültür ürünü haline geldiği görülmektedir. / This research aims to examine the Crowdsourcing Translation that is supposed to become a popular action recently in the example of “Social Media Translation” in Turkey. The main problematic of the study is translation (as an action becoming popular culture material through crowdsourcing translation; the quality of the translations produced in that popular ground and identity of translators translating. Within the research, by examining one of the social media website called Facebook, 16 question survey was conducted to volunteer transla¬tors contributing Facebook Turkish translation. The results of the evaluation have emerged in the framework of the implementation of the

  6. Tratamiento de una sesión de la fobia específica a las arañas en niños

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Graciela Bermúdez-Ornelas

    2008-01-01

    Full Text Available Este estudio se propuso explorar el efecto del tratamiento de una sesión conductual de la fobia específica, diseñado por Öst, sobre las conductas de acercamiento y manipulación de las arañas por parte de niños con diagnóstico de fobia específica y su ansiedad, según la percepción de sus padres, una semana, tres y seis meses después del tratamiento. El estudio cuasiexperimental empleó un diseño de serie temporal interrumpida simple. Se aplicó la intervención en forma individual a 10 niños, entre 7 y 12 años, diagnosticados con fobia específica a las arañas. Se evaluó, antes, una semana después del tratamiento, tres y seis meses después, la respuesta de aproximación de los niños a las arañas y su ansiedad/depresión de acuerdo con el informe de sus padres. Se observaron mejoras estadística y clínicamente significativas después del tratamiento y tres meses después en todos los niños. La mejoría se mantuvo a los seis meses después del tratamiento para seis de los siete niños que terminaron el estudio. Los hallazgos se discuten a la luz de su relevancia clínica. Se repiten los resultados de estudios anteriores sobre la eficacia del tratamiento de una sesión en niños latinoamericanos.

  7. Kozak Yöresi Fıstıkçamı (Pinus pinea L. ormanlarında fıstık verimi ile artım ve bazı meteorolojik olaylar arasındaki ilişkiler

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Dr. Mustafa BATUR

    2016-01-01

    Full Text Available Bu çalışmada, Kozak yöresindeki fıstıkçamı ormanlarında fıstık veriminin çap artımı ve meteorolojik olaylarla ilişkileri araştırılmıştır.İlişkilerin ortaya konması için 2006-2011 yılları arasındaki yıllık çap artım verileri, meteorolojik veriler ve örnek ağaçlara ait fıstık verimleri kullanılmıştır.Yapılan değerlendirmede; çap artımı ile fıstık verimi arasında önemli bir bulunamamıştır. Ancak, bazı meteorolojik olaylar ile fıstık verimi arasında ilişkilerin olduğu saptanmıştır. Özellikle, kabuklu fıstık verimi ile bir önceki yılın vejetasyon dönemindeki toplam yağış miktarı arasında R2=0,81, iki yıl önceki vejetasyon dönemindeki toplam yağış miktarı arasında R2=0,79 seviyesinde ilişki saptanmıştır. Fıstık veriminin kozalakların olgunlaştığı yıldaki meteorolojik olaylardan daha çok tozlaşma ve kozalakların büyüme dönemlerindeki meteorolojik verilerle ilişkili olduğu tahmin edilmektedir.

  8. Ekmek Yapımda Likit Ferment Sisteminin Mekanizasyonu Üzerine Bir Araştırma

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    M. Kürşat Demir

    2015-02-01

    Full Text Available Bu araştırmada Türk tipi ekmek üretiminde, modifiye likit ferment sistemini kullanarak, daha yüksek maya performansı ile daha ucuz, doğal ve daha kaliteli ekmek üretimi araştırılmış, bu amaçla geliştirilen metodun standardizasyonu ve mekanizasyonu üzerine çalışılmıştır. Denemelerde maya gıdası (DAHP+ MgSO4 yerine, doğal azot kaynağı olarak buğday ruşeymi, aktif soya unu ve yüksek randımanlı un (tip 850 kullanımları araştırılmıştır. Laboratuvar (1 lt. ve ticari ölçekte (1000 lt. fermentörlerde, % 1 maya inokülasyonu ile üretilen likit fermentlerden yapılan ekmekler, % 3 yaş maya ile direkt usulde üretilen ekmeklere göre eşdeğerde ekmek dış özellikleri ve daha üstün ekmek içi özellikleri sağlayarak, maya kullanımında tasarruf sağlanmıştır. Maya gıdası (DAHP + MgSO4 yerine, doğal azot kaynağı olarak ferment ununa % 5'lik buğday ruşeymi veya aktif soya unu ikamesi, özellikle laboratuvar tipi ekmeklerde, maya gıda katkısına eşdeğerde kalite göstermiştir. Performans olarak, buğday ruşeymi katkısı hacim ve simetri ile ekmek içi tekstürü ve parlaklığında, aktif soya unu ise ekmek hacmi ve verimi ile ekmek içi beyazlığında diğerlerine göre, ticari şartlarda daha iyi olmak üzere yüksek performans göstermiştir (p<0.05. Ticari şartlarda yapılan ekmekler, laboratuvar şartlarına göre, özellikle hacim bakımından performans kaybına uğramış, ancak maya gıdası ilavesi ile giderilebilmiştir.

  9. Research Methods Used in Library and Information Science Theses: An Evaluation Kütüphanecilik ve Bilgi Bilim Tezlerinde Kullanılan Bilimsel Araştırma Yöntemleri : Bir Değerlendirme

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    S. Serap Kurbanoğlu

    1996-12-01

    Full Text Available A literature analysis and an evaluation are made on the findings of researches which examine the research methods employed in library science and information science dissertations. The data suggest some changes regarding to research methods used in library science dissertations. Separate examinations of library science dissertations and information science dissertations suggest that there are differences as much assimilarities between these sister disciplines. Kütüphanecilik ve bilgi bilim tezlerinde kullanılan araştırma yöntemleri konusunda yapılan araştırmaların bulguları üzerine bir literatür çalışması ve bir değerlendirme yapılmıştır. Bulgular kütüphanecilik tezlerinde kullanılan araştırma yöntemleri konusunda zaman içinde bir çeşitlenme olduğunu göstermektedir. Kütüphanecilik ve bilgi bilim tezleri üzerinde ayrı ayrı yürütülen incelemeler ise bu iki kardeş disiplin arasında benzerlikler kadar farklılıklar da olduğunu ortaya koymaktadır.

  10. An altar to the dracones in Saguntum (Valencia | Un ara dedicada a los dracones hallada en Saguntum (Valencia

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Carmen Aranegui Gascó

    2014-12-01

    Full Text Available We present the first votive dedication to the dragons in the Hispanic Latin epigraphy, engraved on a small Roman altar found in Saguntum, and give some interpretations. | Presentación de la primera dedicación votiva a los dragones de la epigrafía latina hispánica inscrita sobre una pequeña ara romana de Saguntum e hipótesis de interpretación de la misma.

  11. Volatile composition of some Brazilian fruits: umbu-caja (Spondias citherea), camu-camu (Myrciaria dubia), Araça-boi (Eugenia stipitata), and Cupuaçu (Theobroma grandiflorum).

    Science.gov (United States)

    Franco, M R; Shibamoto, T

    2000-04-01

    Twenty-one volatile compounds were identified for the first time by GC-MS in umbu-caja and in camu-camu, plus 30 volatile compounds were identified in araça-boi samples. Terpenic compounds predominated among the volatile compounds in these fruit samples, with the major compounds being identified as cis-beta-ocimene and caryophyllene in the northeastern fruit; alpha-pinene and d-limonene were the most abundant volatile compounds in the headspace of the Amazonian fruit camu-camu. Sesquiterpenes were the most abundant compounds in the araça-boi sample, with germacrene D presenting a higher relative percentage. The chemical class of esters predominated in the cupuaçu sample. Ethyl butyrate and hexanoate were the major compounds in the headspace of this Amazonian fruit.

  12. Senegalese sole (solea senegalensis) broodstock nutrition: arachidonic acid (20:4n-6, ARA) and reproductive physiology

    OpenAIRE

    Norambuena Filcun, Fernando

    2012-01-01

    Considerando la total ausencia del desove natural y fertilización de huevos en reproductores de lenguado Senegalés (Solea senegalensis) nacidos en cautividad (G1) comparados con peces salvajes mantenidos en cautivo que son capaces de producir huevos fertilizados viables para su cultivo. Esta tesis se realizó con el objetivo de determinar la importancia dietética de los ácidos grasos, específicamente del ácido graso araquidónico (20:4n-6, ARA) y su interacción en la disfunción reproductiva pre...

  13. Anatomía Cerebral del mono araña Ateles geoffroyi estudiada utilizando imágenes de resonancia magnética. Primer reporte: estudio comparativo con el cerebro humano Homo Sapiens

    OpenAIRE

    Chico-Ponce de León, Fernando; Platas-Neri, Diana; Muñoz-Delgado, Jairo; Santillán-Doherty, Ana-María; Arenas-Rosas, Rita; Trejo, David; Conde, Rubén; Ojeda-Flores, Rafael; Campos-Romo, Aurelio; Castro-Sierra, Eduardo; Cervantes, Juan José; Braun, Marc

    2010-01-01

    El objetivo del presente estudio cualitativo fue analizar los aspectos morfológicos de la anatomía cerebral interna utilizando imágenes de resonancia magnética (IRM) en dos especies de primates, El mono Araña (A. geoffroyi) y el humano (H. sapiens), tomando como base un estudio comparativo de las estructuras cerebrales de las dos especies, concentrándose primordialmente en el sistema límbico del cerebro del mono araña. Aunque es una especie común en el hemisferio occidental, es interesante pa...

  14. The Rio Pardo salient, northern Araçuaí orogen: an example of a complex basin-controlled fold-thrust belt curve

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Eliza Peixoto

    Full Text Available ABSTRACT: The Rio Pardo salient, the large antitaxial curve described by the Araçuaí fold-and-thrust belt along the southeastern edge of the São Francisco craton, is one of the most prominent and one of the least studied features of the Brasiliano Araçuaí-West Congo orogenic system (AWCO. In addition to the Archean/Paleoproterozoic basement, the salient is comprised of metasedimentary rocks mainly from the Neoproterozoic Macaúbas Group and the Salinas Formation. Its western limb occupies a portion of the Espinhaço ridge, where the NS-trending structures of the Araçuaí belt progressively curve NE and E, thereby defining the hinge zone along the Serra Geral on the Minas-Bahia boundary. The eastern limb is NW-trending and marked by a major shear zone. In models postulated to generate the AWCO through the closure of the Neoproterozoic Macaúbas basin, this large curve plays a critical kinematic role. Yet, in spite of this, its development is still not fully understood. How did this curve originate? Which factors controlled its generation? Our field study performed in the northern Araçuaí orogen characterized the kinematic picture of the salient, and led to a model that addresses these questions. The results we obtained indicate that the Rio Pardo salient developed in response to four deformation phases. The contractional D1 and D2 phases are coaxial and responsible for a craton-directed tectonic transport along the salient’s outer arc, which is coupled with an overall southward motion of the inner arc, thereby giving rise to a rather complex kinematic picture. Furthermore, structures of the D1/D2 phases define a zigzag pattern with alternating NE- and NW-trending segments along the salient’s leading edge. Along the NE-trending segments, the metasedimentary rocks are thrust northwestwards on top of the craton basement, while along the NW-trending segments, the supracrustal rocks are displaced along dextral to reverse

  15. INFRARED SPECTROSCOPY OF SYMBIOTIC STARS. VIII. ORBITS FOR THREE S-TYPE SYSTEMS: AE ARAE, Y CORONAE AUSTRALIS, AND SS 73-147

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Fekel, Francis C.; Hinkle, Kenneth H.; Joyce, Richard R.; Wood, Peter R.

    2010-01-01

    With new infrared radial velocities we have computed orbits of the M giants in three southern S-type symbiotic systems. AE Ara and SS 73-147 have circular orbits with periods of 803 and 820 days, respectively. The eccentric orbit of Y CrA has a period that is about twice as long, 1619 days. Except for CH Cyg it is currently the S-type symbiotic system with the longest period for which a spectroscopic orbit has been determined. The Paschen δ emission line velocities of AE Ara are nearly in antiphase with the M giant absorption feature velocities and result in a mass ratio of 2.7. Emission lines in the 1.005 μm region for the other two symbiotic systems are not good proxies for the hot components in those systems. There is no evidence that these three symbiotics are eclipsing. With spectral classes of M5.5 or M6, the three giants presumably also have velocity variations that result from pulsations, but we have been unable to identify specific pulsation periods in the absorption line velocity residuals.

  16. Lise öğrencilerinin atasözlerini kavrama düzeyleri üzerine nitel bir araştırma / A qualitative study on high school students’ proverbs comprehending levels

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Yusuf TEPELİ

    2012-12-01

    Full Text Available ÖZETBireylerin sahip oldukları dili ve kültürü edinebilmesi ve bunu etkili bir şekilde kullanabilmesi için öncelikle o dil ve kültürü tanıması gerekmektedir. Türk kültürünün en önemli unsurlarından biri atasözleridir. Atasözleri söyleyişi ve fikirleri kuvvetlendirme, birkaç cümle ile etkili metinler oluşturabilme açısından konuşma ve yazma eğitiminde; ilgi ve merak uyandırma açısından dinleme eğitiminde; metinleri daha anlamlı hâle getirip vurgu ve tonlamayı kolaylaştırma açısından okuma eğitiminde kullanılabilecek ürünlerdir. Bu yüzden dil öğretiminde ve değer aktarımında atasözlerinden yararlanmanın gerekliliği kabul edilmektedir. Bu çalışmada, Türk Edebiyatı ile Dil ve Anlatım ders kitaplarında geçen atasözlerini öğrencilerin kavrama düzeyleri araştırılmış, atasözlerinin öğretiminde ortaya çıkan eksiklikler belirlenmeye çalışılmış ve bunlarla ilgili çözüm önerileri sunulmuştur. Araştırmada nitel araştırma deseni kullanılmıştır. Araştırmanın çalışma grubunda, Kütahya il merkezinde öğrenim gören dokuz öğrenci bulunmaktadır. Araştırma verileri yarı yapılandırılmış görüşme tekniği ile toplanmıştır. Elde edilen veriler içerik analizi tekniği kullanılarak çözümlenmiştir. Araştırma bulgulara göre, lise öğrencileri atasözlerinin öğüt verici yönüne dikkat çekmişlerdir. Öğrencilerin çoğu günlük konuşmalarda -yeri geldiğinde- atasözlerinden yararlandıklarını belirtmiştir.

  17. Characterization and effect of clarified araçá (Psidium guineenses Sw. juice on postprandial glycemia in healthy subjects Caracterização e efeito do suco de araçá (Psidium guineenses Sw. clarificado na glicemia pós-prandial em indivíduos saudáveis

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Diully Mata Balisteiro

    2013-02-01

    Full Text Available Brazilian native fruits are excellent sources of bioactive compounds of phenolic nature. Some of these compounds are able to inhibit carbohydrate- metabolizing enzymes (in vitro, α-amylase and α-glucosidase, delaying carbohydrate digestion. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of clarified araçá (Psidium guineenses Sw. juice on postprandial glycemia in humans after consumption of 25 g of available carbohydrates (approximately 50 g of white bread and characterize the phenolic compounds and in vitro antioxidant capacity of araçá juice and pulp. The results showed that the clarified juice had a positive effect on postprandial glycemia reducing the total amount of glucose absorbed, lengthening the time to reach maximum blood glucose concentration, reducing glucose incremental velocity, and decreasing glucose incremental percentage. Both frozen pulp and clarified juice had high amounts of phenolic compounds, antioxidant capacity, and proanthocyanidins, among which oligomers (monomers to tetramers, pentamers, hexamers, heptamers, octamers, nonamers, decamers, and polymers were detected, and they are probably associated with in vivo effects.Frutas nativas brasileiras são excelentes fontes de compostos bioativos de natureza fenólica. Alguns destes compostos são capazes de inibir in vitro as enzimas do metabolismo de carboidratos, α-amilase e α-glicosidase, o que retarda o tempo de digestão de carboidratos. Neste trabalho, objetivou-se avaliar o efeito do suco de araçá (Psidium guineenses Sw. clarificado sobre a glicemia pós-prandial em humanos, após consumo de 25 g de carboidratos disponíveis provenientes de pão branco (aproximadamente 50 g de pão francês, e caracterizar o suco e a polpa de araçá quanto aos compostos fenólicos e capacidade antioxidante in vitro. Os resultados mostraram que o suco clarificado apresenta efeito positivo sobre a glicemia pós-prandial, causando redução da quantidade total de glicose absorvida

  18. Caracterização do suco de araçá vermelho (Psidium cattleianum Sabine extraído mecanicamente e tratado enzimaticamente = Characterization of red araçá juice (Psidium cattleianum Sabine mechanically extracted and enzymatically treated

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    Marli da Silva Santos

    2007-12-01

    Full Text Available A partir do fruto de araçá vermelho, elaboraram-se dois tipos de sucos, mediante processamento mecânico, em que se obteve o suco S-1 e após tratamento enzimático de S-1 obteve-se o suco S-2, os quais foram analisados e monitorados durante quatro meses. As amostras de suco foram avaliadas reologicamente e quanto à estabilidadepor análises físico-químicas e microbiológicas. A aceitabilidade dos sucos foi avaliada por meio de análise sensorial, utilizando escala hedônica. O suco S-2 apresentou um rendimento de 73%. O tratamento enzimático elevou o rendimento do suco e reduziu a viscosidade, além de preservar a composição química e aumentar a extração de compostosfenólicos, resultando em um produto final com aspectos sensoriais pronunciados. From the red araçá fruit two types of juice were elaborated: S-1, obtained by mechanical processing and S-2 obtained from theenzymatic treatment of S-1. The juices were analyzed and monitored for four months. The samples were evaluated rheologically and also for stability by, physiochemical and microbiologic analyses. The acceptability of the juices was evaluated by sensorial analysisusing hedonic scale. The juice S-2 presented a high yield of 73%. The enzymatic treatment raised juice yield and reduced viscosity. In addition it preserved the chemical composition and raised the extraction of phenolic compounds, resulting on a final product of remarkable sensorial aspects.

  19. Study of the shelf-life of a mixed araça (Psidium guineensis Sw. and marolo (Annona crassiflora Mart. jam Estudo da vida útil de geleia mista de araçá (Psidium guineensis Sw. e marolo (Annona crassiflora Mart.

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    Clarissa Damiani

    2012-06-01

    Full Text Available The objective of this study was to add value to araça and marolo fruits by developing jams and verifying changes in their physical, chemical, and microbiological parameters during storage. The analyses were carried out every 2 months. From the results, it was shown that the levels of moisture (35.89 - 26.34%, lipids (0.43 - 0.27%, sucrose (30.62 - 28.98%, total pectin (0.83 - 0.50%, soluble pectin (0.52 - 0.38%, total phenolic compounds (180.31 - 135.52 mg.GAE 100 g-1, and organic acids (401.1 - 68.5 µg.g-1 citric acid decreased during storage. However, the levels of protein (0.83 - 0.95%, carbohydrate (62.52 - 72.5%, calories (257,11 - 295,931 kcal, fiber (0.72 - 1.4%, total soluble sugar (62.52 - 70.44%, reducing sugar (32.05 - 41.41%, soluble solids (68.4 - 72.18 °Brix, consistency (0.33 - 0.44 N, total antioxidant potential (11.3 - 22.63%, and color (a* 7.56 - 9.49, and b* 8.63 - 10.49 increased during 1-year storage. The quality of the fruit jams studied was in accordance with the microbiological standards established by the Brazilian legislation. It was concluded that the mixed araça and marolo jam can be stored for 1 year without the addition of additives.O objetivo do trabalho foi agregar valor ao araçá e marolo com o desenvolvimento de geleias e verificar as mudanças ocorridas em variáveis físicas, químicas e microbiológicas, durante o seu armazenamento. As análises foram realizadas, a cada 2 meses. Pelos resultados observados, verificou-se que os teores de umidade (35,89 - 26,34%, lipídios (0,43 - 0,27%, sacarose (30,62 - 28,98%, pectina total (0,83 - 0,50%, pectina solúvel (0,52 - 0,38%, compostos fenólicos totais (180,31 - 135,52 mg.EAG 100 g-1 e ácidos orgânicos (401.1 - 68.5 µg.g-1 de ácido cítrico reduziram durante o armazenamento. Contudo os teores de proteínas (0,83 - 0,95%, carboidratos (62,52 - 72,5%, valor calórico (257,11 - 295,931 kcal, teores de fibras (0,72 - 1,4%, açúcar solúvel total (62,52 - 70

  20. Rabbitfish ("aras"): an unusual source of ciguatera poisoning.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Raikhlin-Eisenkraft, Bianca; Bentur, Yedidia

    2002-01-01

    Ciguatera poisoning is the commonest fish-borne seafood intoxication. It is endemic to warm water tropical areas and is caused by consumption of bottom-dwelling shore reef fish, mostly during spring and summer. The causative agent, ciguatoxin, is a heat-stable ester complex that becomes concentrated in fish feeding on toxic dinoflagellates. The common clinical manifestations are a combination of gastrointestinal and neurologic symptoms. Severe poisoning may be associated with seizures and respiratory paralysis. To describe a series of patients who sustained ciguatera poisoning in an uncommon region and from an unexpected source. Two families complained of a sensation of "electrical currents," tremors, muscle cramps, nightmares, hallucinations, agitation, anxiety and nausea of varying severity several hours after consuming rabbitfish ("aras"). These symptoms lasted between 12 and 30 hours and resolved completely. The temporal relationship to a summer fish meal, the typical clinical manifestations along with the known feeding pattern of the rabbitfish suggested ciguatera poisoning. The Eastern Mediterranean basin is an unusual region and the rabbitfish an unusual source for ciguatera poisoning. There are no readily available and reliable means for detecting ciguatoxin in humans. A high index of suspicion is needed for diagnosis and a thorough differential diagnosis is essential to eliminate other poisonings, decompression sickness and encephalitis. Supportive therapy is the mainstay of treatment.

  1. Dietary Changes over Time in a Caiçara Community from the Brazilian Atlantic Forest

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    Priscila L. MacCord

    2006-12-01

    Full Text Available Because they are occurring at an accelerated pace, changes in the livelihoods of local coastal communities, including nutritional aspects, have been a subject of interest in human ecology. The aim of this study is to explore the dietary changes, particularly in the consumption of animal protein, that have taken place in Puruba Beach, a rural community of caiçaras on the São Paulo Coast, Brazil, over the 10-yr period from 1992-1993 to 2002-2003. Data were collected during six months in 1992-1993 and during the same months in 2002-2003 using the 24-hr recall method. We found an increasing dependence on external products in the most recent period, along with a reduction in fish consumption and in the number of fish species eaten. These changes, possibly associated with other nonmeasured factors such as overfishing and unplanned tourism, may cause food delocalization and a reduction in the use of natural resources. Although the consequences for conservation efforts in the Atlantic Forest and the survival of the caiçaras must still be evaluated, these local inhabitants may be finding a way to reconcile both the old and the new dietary patterns by keeping their houses in the community while looking for sources of income other than natural resources. The prospect shown here may reveal facets that can influence the maintenance of this and other communities undergoing similar processes by, for example, shedding some light on the ecological and economical processes that may occur within their environment and in turn affect the conservation of the resources upon which the local inhabitants depend.

  2. Detection of natural occurrence of Tritrichomonas foetus in cats in Araçatuba, São Paulo, Brazil

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    Roberta P. Duarte

    Full Text Available ABSTRACT: The aim of this study was to investigate the occurrence of Tritrichomonas foetus in cats in the area surrounding the city of Araçatuba municipality, State of São Paulo, Brazil. Fecal samples from 129 cats were collected by rectal flush technique. It was compared two diagnosis methods, direct examination of feces and PCR. The presence of T. foetus DNA was verified using PCR by amplification of 347-bp fragment from the primers TFR3 and TFR4 and amplicons of positive cases were sequenced. Statistical analyses were performed investigating the associations between T. foetus infection with gender, age, breed, presence of diarrhea and/or history of diarrhea, previous treatment, lifestyle, origin, environment, and co-infection. T. foetus was observed in one sample (n=129 by direct microscopic examination of feces while PCR was positive in five samples (3.9%. Giardia species and Cryptosporidium species co-infection was also observed. Statistical analyses showed no significant associations between T. foetus infection and all listed factors, although most positive cats were asymptomatic and lived in multi-cat household. The isolates of T. foetus showed 100% identical sequences with other T. foetus isolates from cats around the world. So, the occurrence of T. foetus was confirmed in cats in Araçatuba city (Brazil. This parasite must be considered as a differential diagnosis in cats with diarrhea and also in asymptomatic carriers as source of infection in multi-cat environments.

  3. Efecto de las arañas (Arachnida: Araneae como depredadoras de insectos plaga en cultivos de alfalfa (Medicago sativa (Fabaceae en Argentina

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    Andrea Armendano

    2011-12-01

    Full Text Available Effect of spiders (Arachnida: Araneae as predators of insect pest in alfalfa crops (Medicago sativa (Fabaceae in Argentina. Spiders are predators that reduce insect pest populations in agroecosystems. Trials were conducted to measure the selectivity against different insect preys, the daily consumption, effect of predators alone and together with a known number of preys, and the indirect effect of predators on vegetation. For this, experimental units (1x1m were used covered with a fine plastic mesh. Misumenops pallidus, Oxyopes salticus and Araneus sp. were used as generalist predators, and aphids, weevils, locusts, chrysomelids and Lepidoptera larvae as their potential preys. Among the preys offered, the spiders preferred Lepidoptera larvae compared to the other two pests groups (weevils and aphids. The maximum consumption rate was of 93.33% for Lepidoptera larvae, 25.33% for aphids and 11.67% for weevils. The Q Index values for the three species of spiders showed a positive selectivity only for defoliating larvae. O. salticus showed the highest values of consumption rates while Rachiplusia nu was the most consumed. The maximum value of consumption in 24 hours was showed by O. salticus on R. nu (C=2.8. The association of several species of predatory spiders increased the total number of insects captured, and also showed that the addition of spiders caused a decrease in the number of leaves damaged by the effect of lepidopterous larvae. Rev. Biol. Trop. 59 (4: 1651-1662. Epub 2011 December 01Las arañas son depredadoras capaces de reducir las poblaciones de insectos plaga en agroecosistemas. Para medir la selectividad frente a distintas presas, se realizaron ensayos de consumo diario, efecto de los depredadores aisladamente y en conjunto sobre el número de presas y efecto indirecto de los depredadores sobre la vegetación; se utilizaron jaulas experimentales de 1x1m cubiertas con una fina malla plástica. Misumenops pallidus, Oxyopes salticus y

  4. Composición y distribución espacio-temporal de las comunidades de arañas (Arachnida: Araneae en el sistema de cultivo maíz-soya de la altillanura plana colombiana, municipio de Puerto López, Meta

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    Carlos Andrés Perafán Liévano

    2004-07-01

    sistema. La composición y diversidad de arañas en términos generales no se ve afectada durante las diferentes etapas del sistema de cultivo, pero sí entre los ecosistemas aledaños, los cuales promueven un aumento en la diversidad dentro de los cultivos y además determinan la fauna de arañas que se dispersa hacia estos.

  5. Uşak İli Buğday Ekim Alanlarında Süne, [Eurygaster spp. (Hemiptera: Scutelleridae] Yumurtalarının Parazitlenme Oranları ile Buğday Tanelerindeki Emgi Oranları Arasındaki İlişkinin Belirlenmesi

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    Erdal ZENGİN

    2017-06-01

    Full Text Available Bu çalışma, 2015-2016 yıllarında Uşak iline bağlı 10 köydeki Süne yumurtalarının parazitlenme oranlarının ve emgili tane sayılarının belirlenmesi ile bu oranlar arasındaki ilişkinin tespit edilmesi amacıyla yapılmıştır. Araştırma sonuçlarına göre, 2015 ve 2016 yıllarındaki en yüksek Süne yumurtası parazitlenme oranı ve emgili tane sayıları sırasıyla %95.4-%1.60, %90.7-%1.05 olarak bulunmuştur. Köylerde yapılan arazi çalışmaları sonucunda elde edilen oranlara çoklu karşılaştırma testi uygulanarak köyler arasındaki farklılıklar belirlenmiştir.  Parazitlenme oranı ile emgili tane sayısı arasında bir ilişkinin olup olmadığını belirlemek için her iki yıl verileri üzerinde yapılan regresyon analizi sonucunda, bu iki değişken arasında doğrusal bir ilişkinin olduğu tespit edilmiştir.

  6. Serum biochemical profile of laying hens in the region of Araçatuba, SPPerfil bioquímico das galinhas poedeiras na região de Araçatuba-SP.

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    Paulo César Ciarlini

    2011-10-01

    Full Text Available The establishment of reference values is extremely important for successful diagnosis and treatament. Considering that in most species the serum chemistry profile is influenced by race, climate and management, we decided to determine the values of aspartate aminotransferase (AST, alanine aminotransferase (ALT, uric acid, creatinine, creatine kinase (CK, phosphatase alkaline (ALP, gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT, total protein (TP and albumin of Dekalb hens in the region of Araçatuba - SP. All samples were processed soon after harvesting in an automatic biochemical analyzer calibrated and monitored with control serum levels I and II. The following confidence intervals were obtained: 44-65,5 U / L (AST; 18,4-21,2 U / L (ALT, 2.1-2.5 mg / dL (uric acid; 1.7 to 5.7 U / L (CK; CI 1.2-2.2 mg / dL (creatinine, 1276-1506 U / L (FA; 18-23,4 U / L (GGT; 27.12 to 29 g / L (PT, from 11.4 to 12.16 g / L (albumin.O estabelecimento de valores bioquímicos de referência é de extrema importância para o sucesso do diagnóstico e do tratamento. Considerando que na maioria das espécies o perfil bioquímico sérico sofre influência de raça, clima e manejo, decidiu-se determinar os valores de aspartato aminotransferase (AST, alanina aminotransferase (ALT, ácido úrico, creatinina, creatina quinase (CK, fostatase alcalina (FA, gama-glutamiltransferase (GGT, proteína total (PT e albumina de galinhas poedeiras da linhagem Dekalb da região de Araçatuba – SP. Todas as amostras foram processadas logo após a colheita em um analisador bioquímico automatizado previamente calibrado e monitorado com soros controles nível I e II. Obtiveram-se os seguintes intervalos de confiança: 44-65,5 U/L (AST; 18,4-21,2 U/L (ALT; 2,1–2,5 mg/dL (ácido úrico ; 1,7– 5,7 U/L (CK ; 1,2–2,2 mg/dL (creatinina; 1276–1506 U/L (FA; 18-23,4 U/L (GGT; 27,12– 29 g/L (PT; 11,4 – 12,16 g/L (albumina.

  7. Ekolojik yüzey işlemlerinin ısırgan ipliğinin fiziksel ve morfolojik özelliklerine etkisinin araştırılması

    OpenAIRE

    Şansal, Seda

    2017-01-01

    Rami, kenaf ve jüt gibi bir sak lifi olan ısırgan lifinin ilk kullanımı çok eskilere dayanmaktadır. Yenilenebilir ve doğal kaynaklı olan ısırgan otu bitkisinin az girdi ile üretilmesi, bu bitkiyi ekolojik açıdan avantajlı hale getirirken, ısırgan otu bitkisinden elde edilen liflerinde çevre dostu lifler arasındaki yerini almasını sağlamaktadır. Bu çalışmada ekolojik yüzey işlemlerinin ısırgan ipliği üzerindeki etkisi asidik ve bazik ortamda araştırılmıştır. Bu kapsamda Giant Himalayan Nettle ...

  8. Öğretmenlerin Akademik Erteleme Davranışı İle Teknoloji Kullanım Özellikleri Arasındaki İlişki The Relationship Between Academic Procrastination And Technology Usage Of Teachers

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Gonca KIZILKAYA CUMAOĞLU

    2012-12-01

    Full Text Available There are a lot of factors that affect the professional developmentof teachers. The academic procrastination and technology is the subjectof this research. The purpose of this research is identifying thetechnology usage and academic procrastination levels and investigatingthe relationship of technology usage and academic procrastination. Thisdescriptive study is conducted with teachers (115 of two schools inIstanbul by survey method. Data are collected with two tools for thestudy. One is procrastination scale which is developed by Aitken (1982and adapted to Turkish by Balkıs (2006 and the other is technologyquestionnaire (12 questions. SPSS 16.0 programmer was used inanalyzing the data. Pearson correlational analysis was used toidentifying the relationship of variables and t test, ANOVA was used inidentifying the significant difference between the variables. Determiningthe answers of teachers on questionnaire items mean and standarddeviation are used. The academic procrastination levels of teachers wasfound in middle level ( X =52,63 and there is no significant differencewas found between gender, branch, course load and academicprocrastination while their procrastination level was differentiaterespect to following agenda (p Öğretmenlerin mesleki gelişimlerini etkileyen pek çok etmenbulunmaktadır. Bu etmenlerden teknoloji kullanımı ve akademikerteleme davranışı bu araştırmanın konusudur. Bu araştırmanın amacıöğretmenlerin akademik erteleme ve teknoloji kullanım düzeylerininbelirlenmesi ve akademik erteleme davranışı ile teknoloji kullanımıarasındaki ilişkinin incelenmesidir. Betimsel çalışma olan bu araştırma,tarama (survey modeli ile İstanbul ilinde bulunan iki okulda çalışan115 kişilik bir öğretmen grubu üzerinde yürütülmüştür. Araştırmanınverileri Aitken (1982 tarafından geliştirilen, Balkıs (2006 tarafındanTürkçe’ye uyarlaması yapılan Erteleme Eğilimi Ölçeği (α = .89 ve 12

  9. Las arañas Mygalomorphae del Uruguay : clave para familias, géneros y especies

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    Laura Montes de Oca

    2011-05-01

    Full Text Available En este artículo se presenta una clave para el reconocimiento de familias, géneros y especies de arañas del infraorden Mygalomorphae encontradas en Uruguay. Asimismo, se indica por primera vez la presencia de cuatro especies de Mygalomorphae para el país. Adicionalmente se brinda información biológica sintética acerca de las familias presentes en Uruguay.AbstractThis paper includes a key for the recognition of families, genera and species of spiders of the infraorder Mygalomorphae found in Uruguay. The presence of four species is reported for the fi rst time for the country. Additionally we give brief biological information about the families present in Uruguay.

  10. The influence of Aspergillus niger transcription factors AraR and XlnR in the gene expression during growth in D-xylose, L-arabinose and steam-exploded sugarcane bagasse.

    Science.gov (United States)

    de Souza, Wagner Rodrigo; Maitan-Alfenas, Gabriela Piccolo; de Gouvêa, Paula Fagundes; Brown, Neil Andrew; Savoldi, Marcela; Battaglia, Evy; Goldman, Maria Helena S; de Vries, Ronald P; Goldman, Gustavo Henrique

    2013-11-01

    The interest in the conversion of plant biomass to renewable fuels such as bioethanol has led to an increased investigation into the processes regulating biomass saccharification. The filamentous fungus Aspergillus niger is an important microorganism capable of producing a wide variety of plant biomass degrading enzymes. In A. niger the transcriptional activator XlnR and its close homolog, AraR, controls the main (hemi-)cellulolytic system responsible for plant polysaccharide degradation. Sugarcane is used worldwide as a feedstock for sugar and ethanol production, while the lignocellulosic residual bagasse can be used in different industrial applications, including ethanol production. The use of pentose sugars from hemicelluloses represents an opportunity to further increase production efficiencies. In the present study, we describe a global gene expression analysis of A. niger XlnR- and AraR-deficient mutant strains, grown on a D-xylose/L-arabinose monosaccharide mixture and steam-exploded sugarcane bagasse. Different gene sets of CAZy enzymes and sugar transporters were shown to be individually or dually regulated by XlnR and AraR, with XlnR appearing to be the major regulator on complex polysaccharides. Our study contributes to understanding of the complex regulatory mechanisms responsible for plant polysaccharide-degrading gene expression, and opens new possibilities for the engineering of fungi able to produce more efficient enzymatic cocktails to be used in biofuel production. Copyright © 2013 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

  11. Analysis of different management systems for water and soil conservation in experimental plots of "macauba" (Acrocomia aculeata) in Araponga (MG, Brazil)

    Science.gov (United States)

    Batista Lúcio-Correa, João; Cristina-Tonello, Kelly; Taguas, Encarnación V.; Texeira-Dias, Herly C.

    2015-04-01

    In Brazil, the conservation of water resources and agricultural soil are key environmental and economic aspects to mantain land services and the quality of life people in rural and urban communities. The macaw - Acrocomia aculeata) (Jacq.) Lodd. (Ex Martius) - is a Brazilian native oleaginous palm, whose potential has been highlighted in the scientific community due to its high economic potential and its recent advances in crop farming. This study aims to quantify the runoff in macaw plantation, comparing different techniques of crop management for a period of one year (from September 2012 to August 2013). The data from this study were collected in the Experimental Farm of the Federal University of Viçosa (UFV) located in the municipality of Araponga, MG, Brazil. The seedlings took place in February 2009, in holes, spaced 5X5 in an area of 1.7 ha (680 plants) with a slope of 25%. Rainfall was monitored through three pluviometers with expose area of 162.86 cm² whereas the impact of different management systems on runoff was measured by using 10 plots of 63 m² each: 3 treatments with three repetitions plus the control plot. Each plot presented four macaw plants. The treatment one (T1), was formed by macaw plants without using any soil conservation technique; the treatment two (T2) consisted of macaws with a contour cord with 40 cm wide by 30 cm deep, located between the plantation lines; for the treatment three (T3) beans were planted forming vegetation strips; the control (T0) was represented by a portion without macaws plants, with spontaneous vegetation growing throughout the plot, which was not used any soil conservation technique. T2 presented the lowest values of runoff during the twelve months and at the same time, the greatest requirements of initial rainfall for runoff generation. In contrast, T3 showed the highest volumes of runoff for the study period, with a small reduction with the exception of January and February 2013, when the bean plants were well

  12. The MCDM Model for Personnel Selection Based on SWARA and ARAS Methods

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Darjan Karabasevic

    2015-05-01

    Full Text Available Competent employees are the key resource in an organization for achieving success and, therefore, competitiveness on the market. The aim of the recruitment and selection process is to acquire personnel with certain competencies required for a particular position, i.e.,a position within the company. Bearing in mind the fact that in the process of decision making decision-makers have underused the methods of making decisions, this paper aims to establish an MCDM model for the evaluation and selection of candidates in the process of the recruitment and selection of personnel based on the SWARA and the ARAS methods. Apart from providing an MCDM model, the paper will additionally provide a set of evaluation criteria for the position of a sales manager (the middle management in the telecommunication industry which will also be used in the numerical example. On the basis of a numerical example, in the process of employment, theproposed MCDMmodel can be successfully usedin selecting candidates.

  13. A comparison of clofarabine with ara-C, each in combination with daunorubicin as induction treatment in older patients with acute myeloid leukaemia

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Burnett, A K; Russell, N H; Hills, R K

    2017-01-01

    .02 (0.83-1.24), P=0.9) or overall survival (23% vs 22%; HR 1.08 (0.93-1.26), P=0.3). Clofarabine 20 mg/m(2) given for 5 days with daunorubicin is not superior to ara-C+daunorubicin as induction for older patients with AML/high-risk MDS.Leukemia advance online publication, 30 September 2016; doi:10.1038...

  14. Türkiye’de denetleme, cezalar ve trafik güvenliği göstergeleri arasındaki ilişkiler: 2008-2012 yılları analizi

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Nebi Sümer

    2015-12-01

    Full Text Available Amaç: Trafik denetiminin amacı, psikolojik caydırma ve öğrenme kuramı ilkelerine dayalı olarak yollarda trafik kurallarına ve düzenlemelerine tam uyumu sağlamaktır. Bu çalışmanın amacı Türkiye’de trafik denetimlerinin ve cezaların trafik kazaları, yaralanmaları ve ölümleri ile ilişkisini incelenmektir. Yöntem: Çalışmada 2008-2012 dönemine ait 81 ilin trafik denetleme, ceza ve kaza verileri kullanılmıştır. Bu amaçla, 81 ilde söz konusu dönemde araç başına düşen denetleme, ceza, kaza, yaralı ve ölümlere ilişkin trafik güvenliği göstergeleri hesaplanmış ve ilgili değişkenler arasındaki korelasyonlar incelenmiştir. Bulgular: Kaza, yaralanma ve ölüm oranın azaltılmasında, ceza sayısının denetim sayısından daha etkili olduğu gözlenmiştir. Denetim türleri arasında en yüksek düzeyde negatif anlamlı ilişki alkol denetimleri ile kaza riskine ilişkin çeşitli değişkenler arasında bulunmuştur. Emniyet kemeri ve aşırı hız denetimleri de trafikteki ölüm, yaralanma ve kazaları azaltmada anlamlı etkiye sahiptir. Genel olarak denetim/ceza ile trafik kazaları, ölümleri ve yaralanmaları arasındaki korelasyonlar -0,30 civarındadır. Bu da denetleme ve/veya ceza sayısının Türkiye’de kazaları %10 düzeyinde azalttığına işaret etmektedir. Sonuç: Hem beş yıllık toplamda, hem de yıllar bazında, trafik denetimlerinin ve cezalarının başta ölü, yaralı ve kaza sayısı olmak üzere, farklı trafik güvenliği göstergeleriyle negatif yönde ilişkili olduğu bulunmuştur.Anahtar Kelimeler: Trafik kazası, trafik güvenliği, trafik denetimi etkinliği, trafik cezası.

  15. An Integrated MCDM Model for Conveyor Equipment Evaluation and Selection in an FMC Based on a Fuzzy AHP and Fuzzy ARAS in the Presence of Vagueness

    Science.gov (United States)

    Nguyen, Huu-Tho; Md Dawal, Siti Zawiah; Nukman, Yusoff; P. Rifai, Achmad; Aoyama, Hideki

    2016-01-01

    The conveyor system plays a vital role in improving the performance of flexible manufacturing cells (FMCs). The conveyor selection problem involves the evaluation of a set of potential alternatives based on qualitative and quantitative criteria. This paper presents an integrated multi-criteria decision making (MCDM) model of a fuzzy AHP (analytic hierarchy process) and fuzzy ARAS (additive ratio assessment) for conveyor evaluation and selection. In this model, linguistic terms represented as triangular fuzzy numbers are used to quantify experts’ uncertain assessments of alternatives with respect to the criteria. The fuzzy set is then integrated into the AHP to determine the weights of the criteria. Finally, a fuzzy ARAS is used to calculate the weights of the alternatives. To demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed model, a case study is performed of a practical example, and the results obtained demonstrate practical potential for the implementation of FMCs. PMID:27070543

  16. Toward a new tectonic model for the Late Proterozoic Araçuaí (SE Brazil)-West Congolian (SW Africa) Belt

    Science.gov (United States)

    Pedrosa-Soares, A. C.; Noce, C. M.; Vidal, Ph; Monteiro, R. L. B. P.; Leonardos, O. H.

    1992-08-01

    The Araçuaí Belt is a Late Proterozoic (Brasiliano Cycle) geotectonic unit which was developed along the southeastern margin of the São Francisco Craton (SE Brazil) and was formerly considered as being an ensialic orogen. It is correlated with the Pan-African West Congolian Belt (SW Africa) in many reports. In the western domain of the belt, the Macaúbas Group—the most important supracrustal sequence related to the evolution of the Araçuaí Belt —comprises the Terra Branca and Carbonita Formations, which consist of littoral glacial sediments to shelf turbidites. These formations grade upward and eastward to the Salinas Formation, consisting of distal turbidites related to submarine fans, pelagic sediments, and a rock association (the Ribeirão da Folha Facies) typical of an ocean-floor environment. Banded iron formations, metacherts, diopsidites, massive sulfides, graphite schists, hyperaluminous schists, and ortho-amphibolites, intercalated with quartz-mica schists and impure quartzites, characterize the most distinctive and restricted volcano-sedimentary facies yet found within the Salinas Formation. Ultramafic slabs were tectonically emplaced within the Ribeirão da Folha Facies. Eight whole rock samples of meta-ultramafic rocks and ortho-amphibolites yielded a SmNd isochronic age of 793 ± 90 Ma ( ɛNd(T) = +4.1 ± 0.6. MSWD = 1.76 ). The structures of the northern Araçuaí Belt are marked by a doen-dip stretching lineation (western domain) related to frontal thrusts which controlled tectonic transport from east to west; stretching lineation rakes decrease in the eastern tectonic domain, indicating dominant oblique to transcurrent motion; the northern arch of the belt is characterized by major high-dip transcurrent shear zones. Our tectonic model starts with marked fracturing, followed by rifting that took place in the São Francisco-Congo Craton around 1000 ± 100 Ma (ages of basic intrusions and alkaline anorogenic granites). A sinistral transfer

  17. Düşük Erüsik Asitli Kolza Tohumu ve Yağlarının Bazı Özellikleri Üzerine Araştırmalar

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Aziz Tekin

    2015-02-01

    Full Text Available Bu çalışmada, düşük erüsik asitli kolza tohumu ve yağlarının bazı özellikleri araştırılmıştır. Bu amaçla ondört farklı kolza çeşidi kullanılmıştır. Elde edilen bulgulara göre; kolza tohumlarında rutubet oranı %4.57-5.64, bin tane ağırlığı kurumaddede 2.51-6.18 g, ham selüloz oranı yağsız kurumaddede %11.54-18.17, protein oranı kurumaddede %17.16-25.26 ve yağ oranı kurumaddede %33.45-49.50 arasındadır. Tohumlardan petrol eteri ekstraksiyonuyla elde edilen yağlarda ise özgül ağırlık 0.9150-0.9265, kırılma indisi  1.4685-1.4721, serbest yağ asitleri %0.22-0.59, peroksit sayısı 3.11-8.24 MeO2/kg, iyot sayısı 102.0-115.1 sabunlaşma sayısı 178-185 ve sabunlaşmayan madde miktarı %0.35-0.71 arasında bulunmuştur.

  18. Arañas sociales de la Amazonía ecuatoriana, con notas sobre seis especies sociales no descritas previamente Social spiders of the Ecuadorian Amazonia, with notes on six previously undescribed social species

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    LETICIA AVILÉS

    2001-09-01

    Full Text Available La Amazonía ecuatoriana posee una excepcional diversidad y abundancia de arañas sociales. En esta zona están presentes tres de los cuatro tipos de sociabilidad descritos para arañas, incluyendo representantes de 10 géneros y siete familias diferentes. En este artículo revisamos brevemente la historia natural de las catorce especies con algún tipo de sociabilidad que hemos identificado en esta área, incluyendo seis especies ­Cyclosa sp., Plesiometa sp., Tapinillus sp. 2, Achaearanea cf. mundula, una especie de la familia Pholcidae y otra de la familia Sparassidae­ cuya sociabilidad no ha sido descrita previamente. En la introducción revisamos los distintos tipos de sociabilidad en arañas, anotando características únicas que les diferencian de los insectos sociales. En particular, notamos que las arañas sociales no han desarrollado castas reproductivas y que en las especies de sociabilidad más avanzada los grupos sociales son también poblaciones relativamente aisladas unas de otras. En la discusión consideramos cómo las arañas sociales de la Amazonía ecuatoriana, en particular aquellas recientemente descubiertas, contribuyen a nuestro entendimiento de la evolución del comportamiento social en arañas. Discutimos también ciertos problemas evolutivos y ecológicos que las arañas sociales pueden ayudar a esclarecer, tales como la evolución de la proporción de sexos, los niveles de selección, y los patrones de crecimiento, extinción y recolonización de poblaciones locales en una metapoblación. Apéndice (English .The Ecuadorian Amazon region is exceptionally rich in terms of the number and variety of social spiders it contains. In this area there are representatives of three of the four forms of social behavior described for spiders, comprising species in 10 genera and seven families. Here we review the natural history of the fourteen species from this area that we have identified as having some form of social behavior

  19. Kastamonu Sarmısağının (Allium sativum L. Kimyasal Bileşiminin Belirlenmesi Üzerine Araştırma

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Nevzat Artık

    2015-02-01

    Full Text Available Sarımsak (Allium sativum L. antimikrobiyal etkisi ve çeşni verme özelliği nedeni ile üretilmektedir. Ülkemizde Kastamonu yöresinde yetiştirilen sarımsak, bileşimi ve etken maddesi nedeniyle tüm Avrupa ülkelerinde tanınmaktadır. Sarmısağın bileşim unsurları konusunda yeterli bilgi mevcut değildir. Bu araştırmada Kastamonu ilinden sağlanan 40 farklı sarımsak örneğinde fiziksel, kimyasal özellikler ve Hunter renk değerleri saptanmıştır. Sarımsak örneklerinde şeker analizleri enzimatik yöntemle belirlenmiştir. Sarımsak örneklerinde toplam şeker miktarı %33.41-49.67 sınırları arasında değişim göstermektedir. Toplam şekeri oluşturan şekerlerden D-glukoz %1.169-2.03, D-fruktoz %2.872-10.394 ve sakaroz %22.67-41.0 düzeyindedir. Sarımsak örneklerinde sarmısağın antimikrobiyal etki ve çeşni açısından önemli bileşiği olan uçucu organik sülfür bileşikleri, allil sülfür [(CH3H52S] cinsinden %0.097-0.214 arasında bulunmuştur. Kastamonu sarımsak örnekleri vitamin, mineral ve uçucu sülfür bileşikleri açısından zengin bir gıda maddesidir.

  20. Dispeptik yakınmalı hastaların dental plak ve mide biyopsi örneklerinde helicobacter pylori'nin real Time-PCR ile araştırılması

    OpenAIRE

    Altındiş, Selma; Altındiş, Mustafa; Özdemir, Müjgan; Ellidokuz, Ender; Uslan, İhsan; Duran, İsmet; Dilek, Hüsniye

    2010-01-01

    Helicobacter pylori, kronik gastritin ana nedeni olup gastrik ve duodenal ulser gelişmesinde de rolü vardır. Dental plak, H.pylori için bir rezervuar olabilir fakat ağız mikroflorasının H.pylori için kalıcı bir rezervuar olduğu hipotezi hala tartışılmaktadır. Bu çalışmada, Dispeptik yakınmalı populasyonda, mide antrum ve dental plaklarda Real Time-PCR yöntemi ile H.pylori DNA'sı varlığı ve bu enfeksiyon ile oral hijyen indeksi arasındaki ilişkinin araştırılması amaçlanmıştır.Dispeptik ya...

  1. Feather-picking psittacines: histopathology and species trends.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Garner, M M; Clubb, S L; Mitchell, M A; Brown, L

    2008-05-01

    Histologic findings are described for 408 feather-picking or self-mutilating psittacines with the use of biopsies from clinically affected and unaffected skin. Inflammatory skin disease was diagnosed in 210 birds, and traumatic skin disease was diagnosed in 198 birds. Criteria used for the diagnosis of inflammatory skin disease included the presence of perivascular inflammation in the superficial or deep dermis of clinically affected and unaffected sites. The primary histologic criteria for the diagnosis of traumatic skin disease were superficial dermal scarring with or without inflammation in the affected sites and an absence of inflammation in the unaffected sites. The inflammatory cells associated with the lesions were typically lymphocytes and occasionally plasma cells, histiocytes, and granulocytes. A preponderance of inflammatory skin disease was seen in macaws (Ara spp.) and Amazon parrots (Amazona spp.). A preponderance of traumatic skin disease was seen in cockatoos (Cacatua spp.) and African grey parrots (Psittacus erithacus). The prevalence of each was approximately equal in several other species, including conures (Aratinga and Pyrrhura spp.), eclectus parrots (Eclectus roratus), quaker parrots (Myiopsitta monachus), cockatiels (Nymphicus hollandicus), parakeets (Cyanorhamphus and Psittacula spp.), and caiques (Pionites spp.). No geographic or gender-based trends were identified. These findings could be helpful for identifying and treating birds with feather-picking disorders.

  2. Estudio comparativo de las comunidades de arañas (Araneae en cultivos de algodón convencional y transgénico en el departamento del Tolima, Colombia

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Luz Adriana Gómez Galvis

    2005-01-01

    modificado (Bollgard en el municipio de Espinal, departamento del Tolima, Colombia. Se colectaron un total de 2.764 arañas; 1.259 fueron colectadas en el algodón convencional y 1.505 en el algodón Bt. Se registraron 83 morfoespecies en 17 familias para el algodón convencional y 86 morfoespecies en 20 familias para el algodón Bt. Las familias más abundantes fueron Theridiidae y Linyphiidae para los dos cultivos. No hubo diferencias estadísticamente significativas entre las diversidades de los dos cultivos por lo que se concluye que la comunidad de arañas en el cultivo de algodón convencional es similar a la comunidad del cultivo de algodón Bt. Adicionalmente, se evaluaron los estratos vegetativo y suelo en los dos tipos de cultivo. Para el estrato vegetativo hubo una mayor abundancia de individuos en el algodón convencional (501 comparado con el algodón Bt (493. Sin embargo, esta diferencia no fue significativa. En este estrato vegetativo la familia más abundante fue Theridiidae para los dos tipos de cultivos. En el estrato suelo hubo una mayor abundancia de arañas en el cultivo Bt, determinada principalmente por la  amilia Linyphiidae con 759 individuos. Los gremios de arañas registrados en general para los cultivos de algodón convencional y Bt fueron tejedoras en sábana, tejedoras orbiculares, tejedoras irregulares, tejedoras en embudo, errantes en suelo, errantes en follaje, cazadoras al acecho y cazadoras en emboscada. El gremio más abundante fue el de tejedoras en sábana determinado por la extraordinaria abundancia de la familia Linyphiidae. En términos generales la composición, abundancia, riqueza y diversidad entre los dos cultivos fue similar, que lleva a concluir que no existe un efecto negativo del algodón Bt sobre la aracnofauna y que estos organismos, dado su papel depredador, pueden formar parte de un plan de manejo de plagas como controladores biológicos. Adicionalmente, se destacó la presencia de las especies Erigoninae 1

  3. X ve Y Kuşağı: Hemşirelerin Meslek Dayanışması İle İş Doyumu Arasındaki İlişki

    OpenAIRE

    KARASU, Fatma; AYLAZ, Rukuye

    2017-01-01

    Amaç:Bu araştırma, X ve Y kuşağındaki hemşirelerin meslek dayanışması ile iş doyumuarasındaki ilişkisini belirlemek amacıyla yapılmıştır. Gereç ve Yöntem: Kesitsel nitelikteki araştırmanın evrenini devlethastanesinde çalışan hemşireler oluşturmuş, örneklem seçimine gidilmeyerekevrenin tamamı örnekleme dahil edilmiş ve 01.02.2017-01.03.2017 tarihleriarasında çalışmayı kabul eden toplamda 145 hemşireye ulaşılmıştır. Veri toplamaformunda, hemşirelerin sosyo-demografik özellikleri, Hemşirelerde M...

  4. Eğitim yöneticilerinin hizmetkâr liderlik yeterlikleri ile farklılıkları yönetme becerileri arasındaki ilişki [The relationship between servant leadership competences and diversity management skills among education managers

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Refik BALAY

    2014-04-01

    Full Text Available Bu çalışmanın amacı, öğretmen ve yönetici görüşlerine göre eğitim kurumlarında görev yapan yöneticilerin hizmetkâr liderlik yeterlikleri ile farklılıkları yönetme becerileri arasındaki ilişkiyi belirlemektir. Araştırma, tarama modelinde desenlenmiştir. Çalışmada veriler, Hizmetkâr Liderlik Ölçeği (HLÖ ve Farklılıkların Yönetimi Ölçeği (FYÖ ile toplanmıştır. Araştırmanın örneklemi 90 yönetici ve 172 öğretmen olmak üzere 262 kişiden oluşmaktadır. Araştırmada, yöneticilerin hizmetkâr liderlik yeterlikleri ile farklılıkları yönetme becerilerinin orta düzeyde olduğu belirlenmiştir. Araştırma sonucunda katılımcı algılarına göre, eğitim yöneticilerinin hizmetkâr liderlik yeterliklerinin, görev türü ve yaş değişkenlerine göre anlamlı düzeyde farklılık gösterdiği; farklılıkları yönetme becerilerinin ise cinsiyet, görev türü, yaş, mesleki hizmet yılı ve kurumda bulunan çalışan sayısı değişkenlerine göre anlamlı düzeyde farklılık gösterdiği tespit edilmiştir. Son olarak, yöneticilerin hizmetkâr liderlik yeterlikleri ile farklılıkları yönetme becerileri arasında ortanın üstünde, yüksek düzeye yakın pozitif yönde bir ilişkinin olduğu belirlenmiştir.

  5. Una red transmedia para el hombre araña: a propósito de Spider-Man Noir

    OpenAIRE

    García Sanz, Santiago

    2014-01-01

    [ES] La historieta, un género que se aproxima a su primer siglo de historia, ha querido reivindicarse como medio de expresión artística desde su nacimiento. El Hombre Araña, surgido del ingenio creativo de Stan Lee en 1962 en una ruptura total con el arquetipo heroico vigente durante más de veinte años, es un atípico héroe adolescente inspirado en un justiciero de novela pulp de los años 30 que llegó a convertirse en icono, no solo de su editorial, sino de la cultura popular occidental del si...

  6. RANKING OF COMPANIES ACCORDING TO THE INDICATORS OF CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY BASED ON SWARA AND ARAS METHODS

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Darjan Karabasevic

    2016-05-01

    Full Text Available Corporate sector and companies have recognized the importance of implementation of strategy of corporate social responsibility in order to increase the company's image and responsibility towards society and the communities where they operate. Multinational companies in their everyday activities and operations pay more attention to sustainable models of corporate social responsibility. The focus of this paper is to identify the indicators of corporate social responsibility and to rank companies according to the indicators. Proposed framework for evaluation and ranking is based on the SWARA and the ARAS methods. The usability and efficiency of the proposed framework is shown on an illustrative example.

  7. Kültürel değerlere göre karanlık lider algısının çalışan iş performansı etkisi üzerine bir araştırma

    OpenAIRE

    Kızıldaş, Ezgi

    2017-01-01

    Bu çalışmanın temel amacı, iş motivasyonu, bireysel kültürel değer boyutlarından olan kolektivizm, güç mesafesi ve algılanan karanlık lider davranışlarının iş performansı üzerindeki etkilerini oluşturan bir model çerçevesinde araştırılmasıdır. Ankara’da faaliyet gösteren büyük ve orta ölçekli işletmelerde çalışan 245 kişiden elde edilen veriler ile oluşturulan örneklem üzerinden bir araştırma yapılmıştır. Araştırmada elde edilen veriler SPSS programı kullanılarak yapılmıştır. Elde edilen bulg...

  8. İnovasyon Faaliyetlerinde Kullanıcının Yeri ve Çevrimiçi Kullanıcı İnovasyon Araçları(Role of Users in Innovation Activities and Web Based User Innovation Tools

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Burcu İLTER

    2016-04-01

    Full Text Available Ekonominin birçok alanında, hem kullanıcı temelli inovasyonun hem de açık inovasyonun, geleneksel olarak firmaların kendi bünyelerinde gerçekleştirdikleri inovasyon faaliyetleri ile rekabet ettiğini ve onun yerini alabileceğini gösteren örnekler giderek artmaktadır. Bu durum göz önüne alındığında, kullanıcıların inovasyon sürecine dahil edilmesinin önemi anlaşılmaktadır. Bu süreçte, geleneksel araçların yanı sıra, çevrimiçi araçların da şirketler tarafından sıklıkla kullanıldığı görülmektedir. Ülkemizde yapılmış olan çalışma sayısının yetersiz olması ve konunun inovasyon çalışmalarının geleceği açısından önem taşıdığının düşünülmesi sebebiyle bu çalışmada, çevrimiçi kullanıcı inovasyon araçları hakkında detaylı bir literatür araştırmasına yer verilmiş ve Fortune ilk 500 Türkiye listesinde yer alan şirketlerin, kullanıcılarını inovasyon süreçlerine dahil ederken söz konusu araçları ne ölçüde kullandıkları belirlenmiştir. Bulgular, kullanıcılardan daha çok ürün fikri geliştirme aşamasında faydalanıldığını, şikayet kutuları, pazar istihbarat hizmetleri ve dilek öneri kutularının, firmalar tarafından en çok kullanılan çevrimiçi araçlar olduğunu ve çevrimiçi şikayet kutusu ve inovasyon araç takımları kullanımının sektörler arasında farklılık gösterdiği göstermektedir. Bu çalışmanın ülkemizde çevrimiçi kullanıcı inovasyon araçlarına yönelik farkındalığı arttırması beklenmektedir. Considering the examples illustrating the fact that both user innovation and open innovation compete and substitute innovation undertaken by producers, the importance of user integration into innovation process becomes obvious. Throughout this process, along with traditional methods, firms also benefit from web based user innovation tools. Regarding the gap of number of researches on web based user

  9. Comunidades de arañas (Arachnida:Araneae asociadas al dosel de bosques de tierra firme e igapó en la Estación Biológica Mosiro Itájura (Caparú, Vaupés, Amazonia Colombiana

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Ligia Rosario Benavides Silva

    2004-07-01

    de epífitas y hojarasca permitió encontrar especies e incluso familias que no se encontraron con el primer método. Al comparar los microhábitats de hojarasca y epífitas con el follaje, en los dos primeros se encontraron arañas activas nocturnas y que por lo tanto en las horas del día generalmente permanecen ocultas, razón por la cual no se encontraron en el follaje; este hecho muestra que este tipo de microhábitats contribuyen a los estimativos de riqueza de especies para el dosel. Igualmente en estos microhábitats (hojarasca y epífitas se hallaron arañas del suborden Mygalomorpha (tarántulas, las cuales no habían sido reportadas en estudios de dosel. El hallazgo en el dosel amazónico del 83% de las  familias de arañas reportadas para el país, evidencia el importante papel que desempeña este estrato en los bosques tropicales.

  10. Araştırma Görevlilerinin Bilgi Okuryazarlığı Becerileri ve Eğitim Gereksinimleri: Ankara Üniversitesi Örneği=Information Literacy Skills of Research Assistants and Their Educational Needs: Sample of Ankara University

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Nevzat Özel

    2014-06-01

    Full Text Available Bilgi ve iletişim teknolojilerinin sürekli gelişimi, bilgi edinme ve öğrenme ortamlarının, bu ortamlar için kullanılan araçların, uygulamaların ve hizmetlerin yapısını yeniden şekillendirmektedir. Bu durum, yaşam boyu öğrenme kapsamında bireylerin bilgi okuryazarlığı becerilerine sahip olmasını zorunlu kılmaktadır. Belirtilen becerilerin bireylere kazandırılmasında kütüphaneler tarafından düzenlenecek eğitim etkinliklerinin önemli katkıları bulunmaktadır. Bu araştırmada, Ankara Üniversitesi araştırma görevlilerinin kütüphanelerden yararlanma durumları ile bilgi ve iletişim teknolojileri bağlamında bilgi okuryazarlığı beceri düzeylerini belirlemek ve bu konulara yönelik olarak eğitim beklentilerini saptamak amaçlanmıştır. Ankara Üniversitesi’nde görev yapan toplam 1028 araştırma görevlisinden çalışmaya katılan 556 kişi üzerinde gerçekleştirilen araştırmada betimleme yöntemi kullanılmış, veri toplama tekniği olarak anketten yararlanılmıştır. Veriler, PASW (Predictive Analytics SoftWare adlı yazılım yardımıyla analiz edilmiştir. Araştırma sonucunda, Ankara Üniversitesi araştırma görevlilerinin araştırma süreçlerinin tüm aşamalarında zorlandıkları ve kütüphaneler tarafından hazırlanacak bilgi okuryazarlığı eğitim etkinliklerine gereksinim duydukları saptanmıştır./The continuous development in information and communication technologies has directly affected the environment for acquisition of information and learning as well as reshaping the structure of this environment. Thus the resources, tools, applications and services applied in this environment have also changed and they have been digitally presented. These innovations have made individuals adapt to the new environments in the context of lifelong learning. In other words, it becomes necessary for people to be equipped with “information literacy skills” including

  11. Study of Mechanisms for Development and Strengthening of Water User Cooperatives (Case Study of Aras River Basin: Application of AHP Method

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Rohallah maghabl

    2014-06-01

    Full Text Available Water user cooperatives were formed due to consideration to people's empowerment and participation in water investment and management. The purpose of this study was to investigate the mechanisms of development and strengthening of water user cooperatives in the Aras River Basin. The study population consisted of the management board members of the water user cooperatives in the Aras Basin in the year 2012. Respondents were selected by purposeful stratified sampling method. Having the data collected by interviews and questionnaires, the Analytic Hierarchy Process (through the software Expert Choice 11 was used to prioritize mechanisms for the development and strengthening of water user cooperatives. Based on the final weights, criterias including supportive strategies, education - extension, policy, communications and legal mechanisms, were prioritized, respectively. The results of the sensitivity analysis showed that sub-criterias including reallocation of credit to change the traditional irrigation to drip and sprinkler irrigation, holding extension and educational courses purposed at promoting farmers’knowledge about their responsibilities for the formation and management of water user cooperatives collaborated with the department of Jihad Agricultural Organization (JKO, the department of Cooperatives and Regional Water Organization; credit and investment provision to improve the processing and package industries, modeling appropriate cropping systems based on the area capacity were the most influential sub-criterias in developing and strengthening water user cooperatives.

  12. Marine shell hoard from the Late Neolithic site of Čepin-Ovčara (Slavonia, Croatia

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Boban Tripković

    2016-12-01

    Full Text Available The focus of this paper is the ornament hoard from the Sopot culture site of Čepin-Ovčara in eastern Slavonia (the Republic of Croatia. The hoard contained pendants and beads made of shells of marine clam Spondylus gaederopus and scaphopod Antalis vulgaris. The paper analyses the context and use wear of the objects in the hoard. The results form a basis for: the reconstruction of the role of some of the items and the ways in which they were worn; the premise that the dynamics and mechanisms of acquisition of ornaments made of the two Mediterranean mollusc species could have differed; and the identification of a cross-cultural pattern of deposition of ornament hoards.

  13. Prevalência da Paracoccidioidomicose em pacientes diagnosticados no Hospital Araújo Jorge em Goiânia-Goiás, Brasil

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Sara de Paula FERREIRA

    2012-01-01

    Full Text Available The fungus Paracoccidioides brasiliensis is a human pathogen widely distributed in Latin America. It isa deep mycosis and severe and may present associated with other diseases such as tuberculosis, AIDS and cancer. Thepresent study analyzed the clinical and pathological aspects of patients diagnosed with PCM in the Service of PathologyAnatomy (SAP of Araújo Jorge Hospital, Goiânia-Goiás, in the period 2000 to 2006. The cases analyzed werecollected from the registration books of the SAP and the clinical and pathological data obtained from their medicalrecords. We diagnosed 77 cases of PCM, of which 94.8% were male patients and 5.2% female. The age of highestincidence is identified between 40 and 60 years of age. As for the location of the lesions, the highest percentages ofcases were found in the oral cavity (25.97%, larynx (12.98%, lymphnodes (10.38%, tongue (7.79%, the skin (6.49%and the lip (5.19%. Regarding the distribution annual the largest number of cases (18 was detected in 2000. The PCMis not subject to routine surveillance, and cases diagnosed at the Hospital Araújo Jorge are not properly informed, fornot having preventive tool and preferably be specialized in cancer treatment. In Brazil, has records of more than 50cases of PCM associated with AIDS infection which puts this as another indicator of the syndrome. 100 years after its description, paracoccidioidomycosis is still a disease that requires consideration, continuous interest andmultidisciplinary approach.

  14. Afyon, Konya ve Eskişehir İllerinde Keçilerde Pestivirus ve Parainfluenzavirus Tip 3 Enfeksiyonlarının Serolojik Olarak Araştırılması

    OpenAIRE

    Gür, S; Erol, N; Yapıcı, O

    2014-01-01

    Bu çalışmada sağlıklı ve respiratorik-reprodüktif bozukluklar görülen keçi sürülerinde Pestivirus ve Parainfluenzavirus 3 (PI-3) enfeksiyonları serolojik olarak araştırıldı. Afyonkarahisar, Konya ve Eskişehir illerindeki 7 sürüden toplam 1346 kan örneği elde edildi. Mikronötralizasyon test sonucuna göre, sürü bazında pestivirus spesifik antikorların %35.2 ile %78.8 arasında değiştiği belirlenirken PI-3 için %17.5 ile %62 aralığında olduğu tespit edildi. Toplamda, 933 (%69.3) ve 584 (%43.3) ke...

  15. Bağımsız Seyahat Eden Yerli Gezginlerin Profili ve Seyahat Alışkanlıkları Üzerine Bir Araştırma A Research On Profile And Trip-Related Characteristics Of Turkish Independent Travellers

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Serhat HARMAN

    2013-07-01

    Full Text Available Number of Turkish citizens taking abroad and domestic trips isincreasing every year. Independent travellers constitute an importantsegment in World travel market. But there has been no research onprofile and trip-related characteristics of Turkish independenttravellers. In this study, profile and trip-related characteristics ofTurkish independent travellers’ were tried to be determined via asurvey. Survey was implemented through website between 15September 2012 and 15 May 2013, and 163 Turkish independenttravellers participated to the survey. Findings of the research indicatedthat more than half of the participants are male; most of them aresingle and holding bachelor degree at least. It is understood that 34percent of participants taking their trips alone while 42 percentsgenerally taking their trips with friends. Number of international tripstaken in last three years varies between 1 and 20 with average 4international trips. On the other hand, number of domestic trips takenby participants varies between 1 and 30; average number of domestictrips was calculated as 6. It was found that intercity buses, plains,train, autos are most preferred transportation vehicles by participants.Also, it was found that travellers stay over averagely 7,65 days in theirdomestic trips in Turkey while 15 days in their trips abroad. Study endswith suggestions both for the tourism establishments and publicauthorities. Yurtiçi ve yurtdışı seyahate çıkan Türk vatandaşı sayısı her geçen yıl artmaktadır. Bağımsız seyahat eden gezginler Dünya seyahat pazarı içinde önemli bir pazar bölümünü oluşturmaktadır. Ancak, yurtiçi turizm alan yazında bağımsız seyahat eden yerli gezginlerin profilleri ve seyahat alışkanları üzerine herhangi bir araştırma bulunmamaktadır. Bu çalışmada, bağımsız seyahat eden yerli gezginlerin profilleri ve seyahat alışkanlıkları tarama tipinde tasarlanan bir alan araştırması belirlenmeye

  16. La propuesta de un nuevo concepto de lo humano en El beso de la mujer araña

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Jorge Ruiz Luna

    1999-02-01

    Full Text Available Este trabajo pretende demostrar que en la novela El beso de la mujer araña (1976, del argentino Manuel Puig, se muestra simbólicamente la desigual relación entre la mujer y el hombre en la androcéntrica sociedad latinoamericana contemporánea, y cómo esa relación de dominio que deshumaniza a ambos elementos, puede llegar a convertirse en una relación de igualdad. Los personajes centrales de la novela, Luis Molina y Valentín Arregui, prueban que el camino para esa nueva humanidad debe pasar por una educación liberadora y una práctica consecuente.

  17. 20-25 Yaş Arası Sağlıklı Gençlerde Gri ve Beyaz Cevher Hacimlerinin İncelenmesi: Planimetrik Çalışma

    OpenAIRE

    ÇAMURDANOĞLU, Niyazi ACER - Tolga ERTEKİN - Ayşegül KÜ; ACER, Niyazi; ERTEKİN, Tolga; KÜÇÜK, Ayşegül; BABAOĞLU, Cumhur; ÇANKAYA, M. Niyazi; ÇAMURDANOĞLU, Mehmet

    2015-01-01

    Amaç: İnsan beyninde cinsiyete ilişkin varyasyonlar birçok araştırıcı tarafından incelenmiştir. Bu çalışmaların çoğunda erkek beyin hacminin bayanlardan daha büyük olduğu bildirilmektedir. Bu çalışmanın amacı MR görüntüleri üzerinde beyaz ve gri cevher ölçümleri planimterik yöntem ile değerlendirmektir. Gereç ve Yöntemler: Bu çalışmada beyaz ve gri cevher hacimleri 20-25 yaş arası sağlıklı gençlerde incelenmiştir. T2 ağırlıklı MR görüntüleri 12 kişi üzerinde elde edilmiş, kadın ve erkeklerde ...

  18. Kişiler Arası İletişim Engelleri Ölçeği Geliştirme

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Zeynep Başerer

    2016-12-01

    Full Text Available Bu çalışmanın amacı kişiler arası iletişim engellerinin neler olabileceğini belirlemeye yönelik ölçme aracı geliştirmektir. 47 maddeden oluşan ölçeğin nihai formu rastgele seçilen 20-40 yaş arası yetişkinlere uygulanmıştır. Elde edilen veriler üzerinden ölçeğin geçerliğine ilişkin bilgi elde edebilmek için döndürülmüş temel bileşenler analizi kullanılmıştır. Açımlayıcı faktör analizi ile elde edilen bulgular analizi sonucunda, ölçeğin 30 madde ve 5 alt boyuttan oluştuğu belirlenmiştir. Bu boyutlar literatür taraması dahilinde “Dilsel-Davranışsal, Kişisel, Duyuşsal, Algısal ve Psikolojik” ifadeler olarak adlandırılmıştır. Ölçeğin geçerliliğine kanıt sağlamak için kapsam geçerliliği ve yapı geçerliliğine bakılmıştır. Kapsam geçerliliğine ilişkin literatür taraması ile uzman görüşü alınırken,  yapı geçerliğine ilişkin bilgi toplamak için de “döndürülmüş temel bileşenler analizi” kullanılmıştır. Yapılan analiz sonucunda ise KMO değeri 0,956 olarak bulunmuştur. Ayrıca ölçeğin güvenirliğine kanıt sağlamak amacıyla Cronbach alfa güvenirlik katsayısı hesaplanmış ve ölçeğin tamamı için Cronbach alfa güvenirlik katsayısı 0,946 olarak bulunmuştur. Her bir alt faktör için Cronbach alfa güvenirlik katsayılarının ise 0,931 ile 0,657 arasında olduğu görülmüştür.

  19. Kadın öğretmenlerin kariyer engelleri ile iş doyum düzeyleri arasındaki ilişki / Effect of career barriers facing women teachers on their level of job satisfaction

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Yusuf İNANDI

    2012-12-01

    Full Text Available ÖZETBu çalışmada, kadın öğretmenlerin kariyer engellerinin, onların iş doyum düzeyleriyle ilişkisini ve yordama düzeyini belirlemek amaçlanmaktadır. Araştırmanın çalışma grubunu Türkiye’deki 21 ilin kent merkezlerindeki ilköğretim okullarında görev yapan 1.070 kadın öğretmen oluşturmaktadır. Betimsel nitelikte olan araştırmada, veriler ‘Kadınların Kariyer Engelleri Ölçeği’ (KKEÖ ve ‘İş Doyum Ölçeği’ (İDÖ ile toplanmıştır. Araştırma sonuçları, kadınların kariyer engelleri ile iş doyum düzeyleri arasında güçlü bir ilişki ortaya koymamaktadır. Yine araştırma sonuçlarına göre kadınların kariyer engelleri, iş doyumunun alt boyutları üzerinde sınırlı etkiye sahiptir. Kadın öğretmenlerin kariyer engelleri, iş doyumunun, sırasıyla, ‘iletişim’, ‘sosyal haklar’, ‘işin yapılma şekli’, ‘çalışma koşulları’, ‘maaş’, ‘işin yapısı’, ‘ilk amirle ilişkiler’, ‘yönetim’ ve ‘çalışma arkadaşları’ alt boyutlarını etkilemektedir. Kadın öğretmenlerin iş doyumları, en fazla, ‘toplumdaki cinsiyete ilişkin kalıp yargıları, ailevi durumlar ve kadınların kendi bakış açıları’ kaynaklı engellerden etkilenmektedir. Kadın öğretmenlerin kariyer engellerinin, onların iş doyumlarını düşük düzeyde yordaması, kadınların ve erkeklerin, kadınların yönetim süreçlerinde az olma durumlarını içselleştirmelerinden kaynaklanmış olabilir.

  20. Avaliação de progênies de macaúba na fase juvenil e estimativas de parâmetros genéticos e diversidade genética Evaluation of macaw palm progenies in juvenile phase and estimates of genetic parameters and genetic diversity

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Candida Elisa Manfio

    2012-03-01

    Full Text Available

    A macaúba (Acrocomia aculeata é uma palmeira oleaginosa e o extrativismo de seus frutos é de grande importância socioeconômica para os pequenos produtores rurais. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a variabilidade genética e obter informações sobre o controle genético de características morfológicas relacionadas ao crescimento e vigor da macaúba. Foram coletadas 51 progênies em Minas Gerais e São Paulo, as quais são integrantes do banco ativo de germoplasma da Universidade Federal de Viçosa. Doze meses após o plantio, essas progênies foram avaliadas quanto ao crescimento da planta (cm e número de folhas emitidas. Estas características apresentaram grande variabilidade entre as progênies. As estimativas dos coeficientes de herdabilidade foram de 87% e 48%, para crescimento de planta e número de folhas, respectivamente, revelando controle genético e boas perspectivas para o melhoramento. O método de Tocher mostrou-se eficiente em alocar as progênies do Estado de São Paulo em um mesmo grupo. O método de seleção pelo Índice de rank médio permitiu selecionar indivíduos e progênies mais equilibrados em termos dos dois caracteres.

     

    doi: 10.4336/2012.pfb.32.69.63

    The macaw palm (Acrocomia aculeate is an extraction oil palm and its fruit is of great socioeconomic importance for small farmers. The aim of this study was to evaluate the genetic variability and to obtain information about the genetic control of morphological traits related to growth and vigor of macaw palm. Fifty-one open pollinated progenies were collected in Minas Gerais and São Paulo States, which are active members of the germplasm bank of Viçosa Federal University. These 51 progenies, twelve months after planting, were evaluated for plant growth and number of leaves emitted. The characteristics evaluated presented great variability among the progenies. Heritability coefficient of 87% and 48% were

  1. Computer Education and Instructional Technologies Department Students’ Web 2.0 Tools Use Cases According to Personality Types [Bilgisayar ve Öğretim Teknolojileri Eğitimi Bölümü Öğrencilerinin Kişilik Tiplerine Göre Web 2.0 Araçlarını Kullanım Durumları

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Ebru Albayrak Özer

    2017-12-01

    Full Text Available The aim of the research is to examine the relationship between students’ personality types (extraversion, introversion, openness to experience and closeness to experience and their preference of various Web 2.0 tools to describe how these tools can be utilized in educational settings. Specifically, the study investigates which of the Web 2.0 tools are preferred and best meet the need of the different personality types. The participants included 22 students who were in their third year in the Department of Computer Education and Instructional Technologies of the Sakarya University during the semester of Fall 2014. Five of these students were introvert, five were extrovert, six of them were open to experience and six were closed to experience. These students were selected with the purposive sampling method out of 30 students who were subjected to the Adjective-Based Personality Test. According to the results, students’ preferences of using social media differed by their personality types. Facebook, Twitter and Instagram were the most popular tools among students. Results from the study also indicate that it is critical to utilize the most preferable and practical web 2.0 tools so that students with different personality traits could adapt to the class. Furthermore, measures need to be taken to prevent possible negative consequences of using these tools. [Araştırmada üniversite öğrencilerinin yeniliğe açıklık-kapalılık ve dışadönüklük-içedönüklükleri ile web 2.0 kullanım tercihleri arasındaki ilişki incelenerek eğitimde hangi araçların kullanımının hangi tip öğrencilere daha çok hitap ettiği belirlenmeye çalışılmış ve bu araçların eğitimde nasıl kullanılabileceği tartışılmıştır. Araştırmanın çalışma grubunu 2014-2015 güz yarıyılında Sakarya Üniversitesi Bilgisayar ve Öğretim Teknolojileri Eğitimi Bölümü’nde 3. Sınıfta eğitim gören 22 öğrenci oluşturmaktadır. Bu

  2. Reservoir quality in the A2C-Stringer interval of the late Neoproterozoic Ara-Group of the South Oman Salt Basin. Diagenetic relationships in space and time

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Becker, S. [RWTH Aachen (Germany). LuFG Reservoir Petrology; Reuning, L.; Kukla, P.A. [RWTH Aachen (Germany). Geological Inst.; Abe, S.; Li, Shiyan; Urai, J.L. [RWTH Aachen (Germany). Structural Geology, Tectonics and Geomechanics; Farqani, S.; Lopes Cardozo, G.; Rawahi, Z. [Petroleum Development Oman (Oman)

    2013-08-01

    The Ediacaran-Early Cambrian Ara Group of the South Oman Salt Basin consists of six carbonate to evaporite (rock salt, gypsum) sequences. These Ara Group carbonates are termed A0C to A6C from the bottom towards the top of the basin. Differential loading of locally 5 km thick Cambrian to Ordovician clastics onto the mobile rock salt of the Ara Group caused growth of isolated salt diapirs, which resulted in strong fragmentation and faulting of the carbonate intervals into several isolated so-called 'stringers'. These carbonate stringers represent a unique intra-salt petroleum system, which has been successfully explored in recent years. However, some of the stringers failed to produce at significant rates due to the complex diagenetic history from the shallow to the deep burial realm. The goal of this study is twofold. Firstly, to unravel the complex diagenesis and its relative timing and link them to the burial history of the salt basin. Secondly, to detect spatial distribution patterns of diagenetic phases and their effect on reservoir properties. Mineralogy, rock fabrics, paragenetic relationships and geochemistry of {proportional_to} 400 samples from several petroleum wells from the late Neoproterozoic A2C interval were analyzed and combined with pre-existing data. The spatial distribution of diagenetic phases and petrophysical characteristics will be displayed in field-scale distribution maps. These maps comprise crucial information for better prediction of reservoir quality in the analyzed fields, planning of new exploration wells and better volumetric calculations. An integration of the paragenetic sequence derived from thin-section analysis with results from finite element and discrete element models further helps to constrain the effect of salt tectonics on fracture formation and fluid evolution within the stringers.

  3. Çocukluk çağı kabızlığında elektrolit içeren polietilen glikol kullanımı Orijinal Araştırma

    OpenAIRE

    Önal, Zerrin; Usta, Merve; Doğan, Yaşar; Kutlu, Tufan; Çokuğraş, Fügen; Erkan, Tülay

    2008-01-01

    Amaç: Bir yaşından büyük çocuklarda tedavide elektrolit içeren polietilen glikol PEG 3350 kullanımının etkinliği ve güvenilirliğini araştırmak Gereç ve Yöntem: Çalışmaya yaşları 1 ile 12 yaş arasında olan 50 olgu alındı Olguların hepsine elektrolit içeren polietilen glikol tedavisi başlandı Tedavi etkinliği olarak ağrısız yumuşak dışkılama amaçlandı Her hasta için başvuru esnasında öykü ve fizik muayeneyi içeren bilgi formu dolduruldu Tam kan sayımı karaciğer ve böbrek işlev testleri ile elek...

  4. Kullanımlar ve Doyumlar Yaklaşımı Çerçevesinde Facebook Uygulamalarının İncelenmesi: Yaşar Üniversitesi Öğrencileri Üzerine Bir Araştırma

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Özlem Alikılıç

    2014-02-01

    Full Text Available   Kullanımlar ve doyumlar kuramı, gençlerin Facebook uygulamalarını kullanma, eğilim ve amaçlarını anlamaya yönelik bir yol ve teorik altyapı sağlamaktadır. Bu çalışma, Yaşar Üniversitesi öğrencilerinin sosyal ağlardaki kullanım ve doyumlar motivasyonlarını incelemektedir. Bununla beraber, Facebook’taki uygulamaların kullanıcı motivasyonlarını araştırırken, bu motivasyonlar ile kullanıcıların etkileşimlerini destekleyici uygulamaların özellikleri arasındaki ilişkiye de ışık tutmaya çalışmaktadır.Ankete katılan öğrencilerin (n= 406 çoğunun Facebook’u eski bağları kurmak / güçlendirmek, ardından temel faydalar doğrultusunda, üçüncü olarak zevkli vakit geçirme motivasyonları ile kullandıkları saptanmıştır. Ayrıca üniversite öğrencilerinin Facebook uygulamaları arasında, eğlence uygulamalarını, daha sonra arkadaş ve aile uygulamalarını, üçüncü olarak da yaşam tarzı uygulamalarını kullandıkları bulunmuştur. Araştırma, gelecekteki çalışmalara ışık tutacak olan öneriler kısmı ile tartışılmıştır.

  5. The Monthly Variations in the Blood Glucose Level of Capoeta capoeta capoeta (G.ldenstaedt, 1772) Living in Aras River

    OpenAIRE

    AYDIN, Seyit

    2000-01-01

    In this study, the monthly variation in the blood glucose level of Capoeta capoeta capoeta caught from Aras between August 1995 and June 1996 was determined. The average blood glucose level was determined to be 112.04±5.19 mg/dl in males and 106.32±9.68 mg/dl in females and 110.06±4.19 mg/dl in the population. The blood glucose level was highest (141.07±13.67 mg/dl) in April, and lowest (69.14±9.75 mg/dl) in September. It was deter- mined that the level of blood glucose was related to tem...

  6. Integration-free induced pluripotent stem cells derived from a patient with autosomal recessive Alport syndrome (ARAS).

    Science.gov (United States)

    Kuebler, Bernd; Aran, Begoña; Miquel-Serra, Laia; Muñoz, Yolanda; Ars, Elisabet; Bullich, Gemma; Furlano, Monica; Torra, Roser; Marti, Merce; Veiga, Anna; Raya, Angel

    2017-12-01

    A skin biopsy was obtained from a 25-year-old female patient with autosomal recessive Alport syndrome (ARAS) with the homozygous COL4A3 mutation c.345delG, p.(P166Lfs*37). Dermal fibroblasts were derived and reprogrammed by nucleofection with episomal plasmids carrying OCT3/4, SOX2, KLF4 LIN28, L-MYC and p53shRNA. The generated induced Pluripotent Stem Cell (iPSC) clone AS FiPS1 Ep6F-2 was free of genomically integrated reprogramming genes, had the specific homozygous mutation, a stable karyotype, expressed pluripotency markers and generated embryoid bodies which were differentiated towards the three germ layers in vitro. This iPSC line offers a useful resource to study Alport syndrome pathomechanisms and drug testing. Copyright © 2017 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

  7. Shallow-water brittle stars (Echinodermata: Ophiuroidea) from Araçá Bay (Southeastern Brazil), with spatial distribution considerations.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Alitto, Renata A S; Bueno, Maristela L; Guilherme, Pablo D B; Di Domenico, Maikon; Christensen, Ana Beardsley; Borges, Michela

    2018-04-05

    The detailed study of arm ossicles, particularly the lateral arm plates, is providing valuable information in the elucidation of ophiuroid taxonomy. The present study describes in detail 16 species of brittle stars from Araçá Bay, Brazil. This information is used to construct the first interactive electronic key, providing a valuable resource for a broad range of researchers. Brittle stars families were divided into three groups based on their spatial distribution: i) infaunal species of intertidal and shallow subtidal belonging to Amphiuridae and Ophiactidae, ii) epizoic species belonging to Amphiuridae, Ophiactidae, and Ophiotrichidae and, iii) epifaunal species of the subtidal belonging to Ophiodermatidae and Hemieuryalidae. In the global context of recent revisions of ophiuroid taxonomy, the present work provides additional characters for use in future phylogenetic studies.

  8. Patojen Bakterilerin Dondurmada Canlı Kalma Sürelerinin Tespiti Üzerinde bir Araştırma

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Necati Akbulut

    2015-02-01

    Full Text Available Araştırmada patojen olarak bilinen Escherichia coli, Salmonella typhimurium, Staphylococcus aureus, Yersinia enterocolitica ve Klebsiella pneumonia türü mikroorganizmaların dondurmanın depolanması sırasındaki canlı kalma düzeyleri incelenmiştir. Yukarıda adı geçen patojenlerin ürünün iki aylık depolama periyodunda canlılıklarını devam ettirebildikleri ve özellikle Klebsiella pneumonia ile Yersinia enterocolitica’ nın diğerlerine göre soğuğa karşı dirençli oldukları, buna paralel olarak da mililitredeki sayılarının daha yüksek olduğu saptanmıştır.

  9. Correspondencia sobre la estela romana de Araño (Rianxo conservada en el Museo de Pontevedra

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    Santos Fernández, Carlos

    2014-12-01

    Full Text Available The aim of this collaboration is to present a series of documents, basically letters (signed by Casto Sampedro, Eladio Oviedo Arce, Ricardo Blanco-Cicerón and others about a Roman tombstone that was found in 1907 in Araño (Rianxo, A Coruña, Spain, and at present is in the Museo de Pontevedra. The documents, which are reproduced in an appendix, come from four Galician archives (Museo do Pobo Galego, Museo de Pontevedra, Real Academia Galega, Catedral de Santiago and Instituto de Estudios Gallegos Padre Sarmiento, and they provide new data about the discovery of the stele, the laborious process for his acquisition, the admission into the Sociedad Arqueológica de Pontevedra, his exhibition in the Exposición Regional Gallega de 1909, and the fruitless negotiations on the definitive permanency of the tombstone in Santiago. The stele’s description (text, anthropomorphic decoration and architectural decoration and a bibliographical update over this gravestone precede the study of the documents and his transcription.La finalidad de esta colaboración es dar a conocer un conjunto de documentos, fundamentalmente cartas (suscritas, entre otros, por Casto Sampedro, Eladio Oviedo Arce o Ricardo Blanco-Cicerón, acerca de una estela funeraria romana (CIRG-I n.º 81 adscribible al Subgrupo Rías Baixas, hallada en 1907 en Araño (Rianxo y que actualmente se exhibe en el Museo de Pontevedra. Los documentos, que se transcriben íntegramente en el Apéndice, proceden de cinco archivos gallegos (Museo do Pobo Galego, Museo de Pontevedra, Real Academia Galega, Catedral de Santiago e Instituto de Estudios Gallegos Padre Sarmiento, y proporcionan nuevos datos sobre el descubrimiento de la estela, las laboriosas gestiones encaminadas a su adquisición, el ingreso en la Sociedad Arqueológica de Pontevedra, su exhibición en la Exposición Regional Gallega de 1909 y las infructuosas negociaciones encaminadas a que la pieza quedara definitivamente en Santiago

  10. Canine rabies epidemiology in Araçatuba and neighborhood, Northwestern São Paulo State - Brazil

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    Silva Luzia Helena Queiroz da

    2004-01-01

    Full Text Available Epidemiological characteristics of canine rabies in the northwest region of São Paulo State (Araçatuba region, Brazil, from 1993 to 1997 are presented. Out of 1,984 dogs, a total of 351 (17.7% were positive for rabies diagnosis; 89% (312/351 of these occurred in urban areas and 85% (266/312 of the urban positive cases were among owned dogs. The mean age of the rabid dogs was 34 months and 61% were male. Aggressive behavior was observed in 77% of rabid dogs, followed by lack of coordination and paralysis (42% and 48% of these dogs were responsible biting people or other animals. Information about vaccination status was obtained from 182 records and 51% of rabid dogs were non-vaccinated. The number of unvaccinated rabid dogs indicates a low vaccination index and this factor added to the high dog/man ratio must have contributed to the canine rabies epizootic observed in the studied area.

  11. Batman’da Yeni Bir Keşif: Deraser (Arık Mağara Resimleri A New Discovery In Batman Province: Prehistoric Cave Paintings Of Deraser (Arik

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    Ersoy SOYDAN

    2013-07-01

    kurulmuştur.Tarihi yerleşim birimlerinden biri de bugün Batman ilinin Gercüşilçesine bağlı Deraser (Arık mezrasıdır. Burada çok sayıda tarihi kalıntıbulunmaktadır. Gercüş ilçesine yaklaşık 20 kilometre uzaklıktabulunan ve Dicle nehrine hakim bir noktada kurulan Deraser (Arıkmezrasında çeşitli yapı kalıntıları, kayalara oyulmuş mezarlar vemağara duvarlarına çizilmiş tarihöncesi olduğu tahmin edilen resimlerbulunmaktadır. Anadolu’da kayalara çizilmiş tarihöncesi resimlerebirçok yerde rastlanmaktadır ancak kırmızı ve siyah boyayla freskotekniğiyle yapılmış resimler nadir olarak görülmektedir. Bu nedenleDeraser’deki (Arık Berha Nivisandi (Yazılı Mağara olarak adlandırılantoprak ya da kök boyayla yapılmış kırmızı ve siyah renkli resimlerinbulunması önemli bir gelişmedir. Buradaki mağara resimlerindegenellikle evcil hayvan tasvirleri, vahşi hayvan mücadeleleri ve kadınlıerkeklişenlik sahneleri bulunmaktadır. Dünyanın pek çok yerindebulunan tarihöncesi mağara resimleri ile tematik olarak benzeşmeklebirlikte çizim tekniği bakımından özgün bir biçime sahiptir.Çalışmamızda daha önce bölgede çalışan araştırmacılar tarafındançeşitli nedenlerle farkına varılamayan Deraser (Arık mağaralardanderlenmiş resimlere ve bu resimlerle ilgili olarak yapılan araştırmasonuçlarına yer verilecektir.

  12. Farklı Akışkan Bulk Fill Kompozitlerin Mikrosertliklerinin Araştırılması

    OpenAIRE

    Soygun, Koray; Ünal, Murat; Özer, Ali; Gülnahar, Evrem; Bolayır, Giray

    2013-01-01

    ÖzetAmaç: bu çalışma üç farklı bulk fill kompozit (Surefil SDR flow, Dentsply, Caulk, USA and Tetric, EvoCeram, Ivoclar Vivadent, Schaan, Liechtenstein, X-tra base, Voco, Cuxhaven, Germany) mikrosertliklerinin araştırılmasıdır.Gereç Yöntem: Çalışma için 4mm ve 2mm kalınlığında 4mm yarı çapında hazırlanan herbir bulk fill kompozit Plama ark ışık kayanağı kullanılarak polimerize edildi. Her bir örneğin alt ve üst mikrosertlik değerlendirmeleri Vickers mikrosertlik test cihazı kullanılarak yapıl...

  13. Öğretim Elemanlarının Kişilik Özellikleri ile Örgütsel Bağlılık Düzeyleri Arasındaki İlişki The Relationship Between Instructors' Personality Traits And Organizational Commitment

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    Ergün RECEPOĞLU

    2013-07-01

    Full Text Available This study seeks to explore the relationships between instructors'personality traits and organizational commitment. This is a descriptiveresearch in the correlational survey model. A total of 154 instructorsemployed in Gazi University Gazi Faculty of Education participated inthe study. More than half of the instructors were research assistants.The Big Five Inventory (FFPI originally developed by John, Donahueand Kentle (1991 and adapted into Turkish by Alkan (2007 andOrganizational Commitment Scale originally developed by Meyer andAllen (1991 and adapted into Turkish by Wasti (2000 were used togather research data. SPSS 13 statistical program was used in dataanalysis. Pearson product-moment correlation coefficient was computedto determine the relationships between variables and regressionanalysis was conducted to determine to what extent independentvariables predict dependent variables. Results mirrored that the mostrated personality trait was agreeableness while neuroticism was theleast. Results also indicated that there were significant relationshipsbetween instructors' personality traits and organizational commitment.Openness to experience sub-scale of personality traits was not found tobe associated with sub-scales of organizational commitment.Furthermore, results illustrated that conscientiousness was the onlysignificant predictor of both affiliative and normative commitment.Results of the study were discussed in the light of related literature. Bu araştırmanın amacı, öğretim elemanlarının kişilik özellikleri ile örgütsel bağlılık düzeyleri arasındaki ilişkinin incelenmesidir. Bu araştırma ilişkisel tarama modelinde betimsel bir çalışmadır. Araştırmaya Gazi Üniversitesi Gazi Eğitim Fakültesi'nde görev yapan 154 öğretim elemanı katılmıştır. Katılımcıların yarısından fazlası araştırma görevlisidir. Araştırmada veri toplamak amacıyla John, Donahue ve Kentle (1991 tarafından geliştirilen ve

  14. MODELING AND ANALYSIS OF ALGAL BLOOMS IN ARAS DAM BY ARTIFICIAL NEURAL NETWORK

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    JAHANGIRI-RAD MAHSA

    2015-03-01

    Full Text Available Man made practices have contributed to large-scale algal blooms that have caused serious ecological, aesthetic, water purification and water distribution problems. Aras Dam, which provides Arasful city with drinking water, has chronic algal blooms since 1990. This study addresses the use of artificial neural network (ANN model to anticipate the chlorophyll-a concentration in water of dam reservoir. Operation tests carried out by collecting water samples from 5 stations and examined for physical quality parameters namely: water temperature, total suspended solids (TSS, biochemical oxygen demands (BOD, ortophosphate, total phosphorous and nitrate concentrations using standard methods. Chlorophyll-a was also checked separately in order to investigate the accuracy of the predicted results by ANN. The results showed that a network was highly accurate in predicting the Chl-a concentration. A good agreement between actual data and the ANN outputs for training was observed, indicating the validation of testing data sets. The initial results of the research indicate that the dam is enriched with nutrients (phosphorus and nitrogen. The Chl-a concentration that were predicted by the model were beyond the standard levels; indicating the possibility of eutrophication especially during fall season.

  15. Aladağlar’da [Orta Toroslar (Yahyalı-Kayseri)] iki fosil mağara: Zindan-ı Köşk–1 ve Zindan-ı Köşk-2 mağaraları

    OpenAIRE

    Kopar, İbrahim

    2015-01-01

    Zindan-ı Köşk-1 ve Zindan-ı Köşk-2 Mağaraları, jeomorfolojik olarak Toros Dağları’nın Orta Toros Bölümü’nün doğusundaki Aladağlarda (en yüksek tepesi 3756 m) yer almaktadır. İdari bakımdan ise Kayseri İlinin Yahyalı ilçesi sınırlarında yer alan mağaralar, naplı yapıya sahip Permiyen kalkerler içinde gelişmiştir. Zindan Deresi’nin 500 metreden fazla yardığı adinin güney yamacında 2095 m ve 2115 metrede giriş ağızları olan mağaralardan üstteki Zindan-ı Köşk-1 Mağarası dikey gelişmiş bir mağara ...

  16. İki uçlu bozukluk 1 ve iki uçlu bozukluk 2 depresyon tedavisi arasındaki farklar

    OpenAIRE

    Sayar, Kemal

    2013-01-01

    İki uçlu bozukluk 1 ve 2 depresyonları, klinik açıdan farklılıklar gösterebilmektedir. İki uçlu bozukluk 2 ve iki uçlu bozukluk 1 depresyonların tedavisi arasındaki farklar ise tartışmalı bir alandır. Henüz İki uçlu bozukluk 2 depresyon tedavisi konusunda yeterince kanıt birikmemişse de ilk veriler her iki durumun tedavisinde farklar olması gerektiğini düşündürmektedir. Özellikle antidepresan kullanımı konusunda dikkatli olmak gerekmektedir.

  17. Kahramanmaraş'ta Satışa Sunulan Beyaz Peynirlerde Streptococcus faecalis Varlığı Üzerine Araştırmalar

    OpenAIRE

    Erdoğrul, Özlem Turgay; Dığak, Metin

    2015-01-01

    Bu çalışmada, Kahramanmaraş İlinde satışa sunulan pastörize sütten yapılmış beyaz peynirlerde Streptococcus faecalis varlığı incelendi. Bu amaç için 22 adet beyaz peynir örneği incelendi. Araştırma sonucunda beyaz peynir örneklerinin tamamında Streptococcus faecalis (%100) tespit edildi. Bu yönüyle peynir örneklerinin hijyenik karakterlerinin iyi olmadığı belirlendi.

  18. Polpa de juçara: fonte de compostos fenólicos, aumento da atividade antioxidante e da viabilidade de bactérias probióticas de iogurte

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    Sabrina Torres Leite

    Full Text Available RESUMO A adição, em iogurtes, de polpa de Juçara como fonte de compostos fenólicos pode modificar as características físico-químicas, contribuir para atividade antioxidante, e interferir na viabilidade de bactérias probióticas e na aceitação sensorial. Com o objetivo de verificar o efeito da adição de polpa de Juçara em iogurte, foi realizado um experimento, em delineamento inteiramente casualizado, em parcelas subdivididas. A parcela principal foi o teor de polpa, com seis níveis (0, 5, 10, 15, 20 e 25% e, como subparcela, o tempo de armazenamento, a 5 oC, com cinco níveis (1, 7, 14, 21 e 28 dias. Os teores percentuais médios de gordura, cinzas, extrato seco total e acidez dos iogurtes não diferiram (P ≥ 0,05. O teor de proteína diminuiu com o aumento do teor de polpa, variando de 4,07% (F0 a 2,9% (F25%. O conteúdo fenólico total e a atividade antioxidante foram maiores no iogurte com 25% de polpa, atingindo valores de 117,84 mg de AGE/100g e 6,95 µmol Trolox/g, respectivamente, assim como a contagem de bactérias probióticas, que variou de 3,17 log UFC.g-1 (F0 a 6,34 log UFC.g-1 (F25%, nos iogurtes, após 28 dias de armazenamento. A adição da polpa de Juçara favoreceu a multiplicação e a viabilidade de bactérias probióticas, contribuiu para o aumento do conteúdo fenólico total e para maior atividade antioxidante dos iogurtes, que apresentaram boa aceitação sensorial pelo consumidor.

  19. Bilgi Liderliğinin Verimlilik Üzerine Etkisi: Sağlık Sektöründe Bir Araştırma / The Effect of Knowledge Leadership on Productivity: A Research on Health Sector

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    Karahan, Atilla

    2009-04-01

    Full Text Available Bilgiyi sistematik bir biçimde yöneten ve katma değer elde eden işletmeler rekabet avantajı sağlayacak ve rekabeti karşılayacaktır. İşletmelerde bilginin elde edilmesi, saklanması, paylaşılması ve kullanılmasına, diğer bir deyişle bilgi yönetiminin etkin ve başarılı bir şekilde gerçekleşmesine etki eden faktörler bulunmaktadır. Araştırmanın temel amacı küresel ekonomide bilgi liderliğinin verimlilik üzerine etkisinin araştırılmasıdır. Çalışma, bilgiyi üretme ve kullanmada en başarılı örnekleri sergileyen araştırma hastanelerinde görev yapan yöneticiler üzerinde gerçekleştirilmiştir. Araştırmanın kapsamına Afyon Kocatepe Üniversitesi, Isparta Süleyman Demirel Üniversitesi, Konya Selçuk Üniversitesi, Kütahya Dumlupınar Üniversitesi ve Eskişehir Osmangazi Üniversitesi hastanelerinde görev yapan başhekimler, başhekim yardımcıları, hastane müdürleri, müdür yardımcıları, başhemşireler ve başhemşire yardımcılarından oluşan toplam 120 yönetici dahil edilmiştir. Bu araştırmanın sonucunda ise bilgi liderliğinin verimlilik üzerine olumlu etkisi olduğu sonucuna varılmıştır.Organisations, which manage knowledge systematically, would have competitive advantage. In this respect, some factors like collecting, saving, using and sharing knowledge should be subjected under consideration. The main objective of the present research is to examine the knowledge leadership in a global economy. Empirical study was performed on managers of Research Hospitals, who were known with their success in producing and using knowledge. Included in the empirical investigation were hospital managers, managerial assistants, head nurses and assistant head nurses of Afyon Kocatepe University, Isparta Süleyman Demirel University, Konya Selçuk University, Kütahya Dumlupınar University and Eskişehir Osmangazi University hospitals. The results revealed a positive effect of knowledge

  20. Tratamiento de una sesión de la fobia específica a las arañas en niños

    OpenAIRE

    Graciela Bermúdez-Ornelas; Laura Hernández-Guzmán

    2008-01-01

    Este estudio se propuso explorar el efecto del tratamiento de una sesión conductual de la fobia específica, diseñado por Öst, sobre las conductas de acercamiento y manipulación de las arañas por parte de niños con diagnóstico de fobia específica y su ansiedad, según la percepción de sus padres, una semana, tres y seis meses después del tratamiento. El estudio cuasiexperimental empleó un diseño de serie temporal interrumpida simple. Se aplicó la intervención en forma individual a 10 niños, ent...

  1. Productividad de una plantación de espárrago verde (Asparagus officinalis var. altilis L. con diferentes tamaños de “arañas” y densidades, en su séptimo año

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    J. Marina

    2012-01-01

    Full Text Available El espárrago es un cultivo rústico que tradicionalmente se ha iniciado mediante el sistema tradicional de “arañas”. El presente ensayo tuvo como objetivo evaluar la productividad total y comercial de una plantación de espárrago verde al séptimo año desde la plantación. El ensayo de 1.728 m2 está ubicado en la Chacra Experimental de la Facultad de Agronomía de la UNCPBA (36º 48’ latitud Sur y 59º 51’ longitud Occidental, en Azul, Argentina. La plantación, iniciada el 12/09/2003, se evaluó en el período 17/09/2010-01/11/2010. Las variables estudiadas fueron: tamaños de “arañas” grandes (AG > 200 g, medianas (AM 100-200 g y pequeñas (AP 0,05. El rendimiento general del ensayo fue PFT: 19.758 y PFN: 10.018 kg/ha; mientras que NTT: 483.425 y NTC: 477.200. En PFT se observaron diferencias significativas (p 0,05, siendo la media en PFN: 9.910 kg/ha. En densidad y en tamaño de “arañas” los resultados difirieron de los encontrados 2 años anteriores en los que se destacaron mayor densidad y tamaño grande; efectos atribuibles a la competencia intraespecífica.

  2. Productividad de una plantación de espárrago verde (Asparagus officinalis var. altilis L. con diferentes tamaños de “arañas” y densidades, en su séptimo año

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    A. M. Castagnino

    2012-12-01

    Full Text Available El espárrago es un cultivo rústico que tradicionalmente se ha iniciado mediante el sistema tradicional de “arañas”. El presente ensayo tuvo como objetivo evaluar la productividad total y comercial de una plantación de espárrago verde al séptimo año desde la plantación. El ensayo de 1.728 m2 está ubicado en la Chacra Experimental de la Facultad de Agronomía de la UNCPBA (36º 48’ latitud Sur y 59º 51’ longitud Occidental, en Azul, Argentina. La plantación, iniciada el 12/09/2003, se evaluó en el período 17/09/2010-01/11/2010. Las variables estudiadas fueron: tamaños de “arañas” grandes (AG > 200 g, medianas (AM 100-200 g y pequeñas (AP 0,05. El rendimiento general del ensayo fue PFT: 19.758 y PFN: 10.018 kg/ha; mientras que NTT: 483.425 y NTC: 477.200. En PFT se observaron diferencias significativas (p 0,05, siendo la media en PFN: 9.910 kg/ha. En densidad y en tamaño de “arañas” los resultados difirieron de los encontrados 2 años anteriores en los que se destacaron mayor densidad y tamaño grande; efectos atribuibles a la competencia intraespecífica.

  3. Türkçe Öğretmen Adaylarının Öğrenme Stilleri ve Öğrenme Stratejileri Arasındaki İlişki The Relationship Between Learning Styles And Learning Strategies of Turkish Teacher Candidates

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    Erhan DURUKAN

    2013-03-01

    sonradan kazanılan ve kullanılan öğrenme biçimlerine dayanmaktadır. Bu nedenle öğrenme stilleri ile öğrenme stratejileri arasında bir ilişkinin olması beklenmektedir. Alan yazınında farklı disiplinlerde bu yönde çalışmaların bulunduğu fakat Türkçe eğitimi alanında bu yönde araştırmanın yer almadığı görülmüştür. Bu çalışmanın amacı Türkçe öğretmen adaylarının öğrenme stilleri ile öğrenme stratejileri arasındaki ilişkiyi belirlemektir. Araştırma Karadeniz Teknik Üniversitesi Fatih Eğitim Fakültesi Türkçe Eğitimi Bölümünde okuyan 256 öğrenci (1, 2, 3 ve 4. sınıflar üzerinde yürütülmüştür. Araştırmada öğrencilerin öğrenme stilleri Kolb Öğrenme Stilleri Ölçeği (KÖSE ile, öğrenme stratejileri ise Özdemir ve Güven tarafından geliştirilen Öğrenme Stratejilerini Belirleme Ölçeği (ÖSBÖ ile toplanmıştır. Araştırma ilişkisel tarama modelinde yapılmıştır. Öğrencilerin öğrenme stilleri ve öğrenme stratejilerine ilişkin bilgiler frekans ve yüzdelerle belirtilmiş; öğrenme stilleri ve öğrenme stratejileri arasındaki ilişki SPSS 16 programında Tek Yönlü ANOVA ile analiz edilmiştir. Araştırma sonunda öğrencilerin sırasıyla özümseyen, ayrıştıran, değiştiren ve yerleştiren öğrenme stiline sahip oldukları ve kullandıkları öğrenme stratejilerinin öğrenme stillerine göre farklılaştığı sonucuna varılmıştır. Elde edilen sonuçlar alan yazınında yer alan araştırmaların çoğunluğunun sonuçları ile benzerlik göstermiştir. Sonuçlardan hareketle öğretmen adaylarının öğrenme stillerinden haberdar olması ve buna uygun öğrenme stratejilerini kullanması yönünde önerilerde bulunulmuştur.

  4. Diversidad de arañas (Arachnida: Araneae asociadas con viviendas de la ciudad de México (Zona Metropolitana Spider diversity (Arachnida: Araneae associated with houses in México city (Metropolitan area

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    César Gabriel Durán-Barrón

    2009-04-01

    Full Text Available La ecología urbana es un área de investigación relativamente reciente. Los ecosistemas urbanos son aquellos definidos como ambientes dominados por el hombre. Con el proceso de urbanización, insectos y arácnidos silvestres aprovechan los nuevos microhábitats que las viviendas humanas ofrecen. Se revisaron arañas recolectadas dentro de 109 viviendas durante los años de 1985 a 1986, 1996 a 2001 y 2002 a 2003. Se cuantificaron 1 196 organismos , los cuales se determinaron hasta especie. Se obtuvo una lista de 25 familias, 52 géneros y 63 especies de arañas sinantrópicas. Se utilizaron 3 índices (ocupación, densidad y estacionalidad y un análisis de intervalos para sustentar la siguiente clasificación: accidentales (índice de densidad de 0-0.9, ocasionales (1-2.9, frecuentes (3.0-9.9 y comunes (10 en adelante. Se comparan las faunas de arañas sinantrópicas de 5 países del Nuevo Mundo.Urban ecology is a relatively new area of research, with urban ecosystems being defined as environments dominated by humans. Insects and arachnids are 2 groups that successfully exploit the habitats offered by human habitations. We analyzed the occurrence and densities of spiders found in houses in México City. We used material collected between 1985 and 2003. We recorded 1 196 spiders from 109 houses. The list includes 25 families, 52 genera and 63 species of synanthropic spiders. Indices of ocupation, density and seasonality, as well as rank analyses were used to make the following classification of synanthropism: accidental (density index 0-0.9, occasional (1-2.9, frequent (3.0-9.9 and common (10 or more. The synanthropic spider faunas of 5 New World countries are compared.

  5. Hazır Gıda Ürünleri Satın Alma Davranışını Etkileyen Pazarlama Faktörlerinin İncelenmesi: Iğdır İlinde Bir Araştırma

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    Faruk BAŞTÜRK

    2014-04-01

    Full Text Available Araştırmanın amacı, Iğdır’daki süper marketlerden hazır gıda satın alan tüketicilerin hazır gıda satın alımını etkileyen pazarlama karması faktörlerini analiz etmektir. Tüketicilerin hazır gıda satın alma davranışlarının yanı sıra bu satın almadan bekledikleri yararları işlevsel ve hazcı bazda incelemek araştırmanın diğer amacıdır. Araştırmanın yöntemi, tanımlayıcı nitelikte ve ampirik şekilde tasarlanmıştır. Araştırmada veri toplama yöntemi ankettir ve kolayda örnekleme yoluyla 408 gözleme ulaşılmıştır. Bulgulara göre, tüketicilerin satın alma davranışını etkileyen pazarlama karması faktörlerinin önem sırasının Ürün-Dağıtım, Fiyat, Ürün, Tutundurma-Dağıtım olduğu; tüketicilerin hazır gıda ürünlerini satın alırken İşlevselci davranışı Hazcılıktan daha fazla sergilediği ve İşlevselcilerin Hazcılara göre 4 pazarlama karması faktörüne daha fazla önem verdiği ortaya çıkmıştır. Sonuçta hazır gıda perakendecilerine özgü öneriler getirilmiştir.

  6. Microbiota conjuntival de cães sadios da cidade de Araçatuba (SP

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    Andrade Alexandre Lima de

    2002-01-01

    Full Text Available Objetivo: Identificar os microrganismos da conjuntiva ocular de cães clinicamente sadios na região de Araçatuba (SP, no verão e no inverno. Métodos: Foram utilizados quarenta cães, machos e fêmeas, com idade variando entre 2 e 5 anos. Após limpeza ocular com água tratada, foram realizadas colheitas de material do saco conjuntival inferior com auxílio de "swabs" estéreis, para posterior isolamento e identificação de bactérias aeróbicas, anaeróbicas e fungos. Resultados: As bactérias de maior ocorrência foram o Staphylococcus aureus e o Staphylococcus beta-haemolyticus. O fungo de maior ocorrência foi Penicilium sp. Conclusão: Pôde-se concluir que houve variação da microbiota conjuntival normal em função da estação do ano. Dos microrganismos isolados, o único que apresentou diferença estatística significativa quanto à incidência sazonal foi o Staphylococcus beta-haemolyticus, que foi isolado apenas no inverno.

  7. 2000-2004 Yılları Arasında Science Citation Index’de Taranan Türkiye Kaynaklı Adli Tıp Yayınlarının Değerlendirilmesi

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Yasemin Balcı

    2009-12-01

    Full Text Available Bilim insanlarının kendi alanlarındaki gelişmeleri izlemeleri kadar, yapmış oldukları araştırmaları diğer araştırmacılarla paylaşmaları da önemlidir. Uzun zaman alan ve yoğun emek ürünü olan bilimsel çalışmaların sonuçlarmı, bilim insanları ile paylaşmak ve kalıcılığını sağlamak açısından en doğru yol uluslararası kabul gören seçkin dergilerde yayınlamaktır. Bu çalışmada; 2000-2004 yılları arasındaki 5 yıllık süreçte, ülkemizdeki adli tıp uzman ve asistanlarının katkılarıyla yapılan uluslararası yayınları TUBITAK-Uluslararası Bilimsel Yayınları Teşvik Programı ölçütlerine göre değerlendirmek ve bu yayınların Türkiye adresli Science Citation Index - Journal Citation Reports kapsamındaki yayınlara katkısını araştırmak amaçlanmıştır. Bu amaçla, “Pubmed” ve “Web of Science” veri tabanlarından yararlanılmıştır. 01.01.2000 - 31.12.2004 tarihleri arasındaki 5 yıllık sürede, Web of Science veri tabanı kapsamındaki dergilerde, yazarları içinde ülkemizden adli tıp alanında çalışanların bulunduğu toplam 86 yayın yapılmıştır. Türkiye kaynaklı tüm yayınlara olan katkı oranı, son iki yılda binde 1.1’den binde 2.3’e yükselmiştir. Yayınların 70’inin (%81.4 tam makale, 15’inin (%17.4 tam makale dışı olduğu saptanmıştır. TÜBİTAK-Uluslararası Bilimsel Yayınları Teşvik Programı ölçütlerine göre, yayınların 3’ü (%3.5 A Grubu, 54’ü (%62.8 B Grubu, 23’ü (%26.7 C Grubu dergi listelerinde yer almaktadır. Yazar sayısı 4 ve daha fazla olan yayınlar, toplam yayınların %79.1’i oluşturmaktadır. Forensic Science International, 24 (%27.9 yayınla en fazla yayının yapıldığı dergi olup adli tıp alanındaki dergilerde (Forensic Science International, American Journal of Forensic Medicine and Pathology, Journal of Forensic Sciences, International Journal of Legal Medicine yapılan yaymlar toplam

  8. Biologia da mosca‑das‑frutas sul‑americana em frutos de mirtilo, amoreira‑preta, araçazeiro e pitangueira Biology of South American fruit fly in blueberry, blackberry, strawberry guava, and Surinam cherry crops

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Maicon Bisognin

    2013-02-01

    Full Text Available O objetivo deste trabalho foi descrever a biologia de Anastrepha fraterculus em frutos de mirtilo (Vaccinium ashei, amoreira‑preta (Rubus spp., araçazeiro (Psidium cattleyanum e pitangueira (Eugenia uniflora. O experimento foi realizado em laboratório, em condições controladas de temperatura (25±2ºC, umidade relativa (70±10% e fotófase (12 horas, para determinação dos parâmetros biológicos do inseto nos estágios de desenvolvimento imaturos e adultos. Anastrepha fraterculus completa o ciclo biológico em todos hospedeiros estudados, embora os frutos nativos (pitanga e araçá ofereçam melhores condições para seu desenvolvimento. Os parâmetros biológicos determinados para as fases imaturas foram semelhantes nos quatro hospedeiros. Insetos criados em pitanga e araçá apresentam, na fase adulta, maior período de oviposição, fecundidade e longevidade de fêmeas, em comparação aos criados em mirtilo e amora‑preta. O ritmo diário de oviposição é mais prolongado e uniforme nos insetos criados em araçá e pitanga, o que mostra que A. fraterculus está mais bem adaptada a estas frutas, nativas da região Sul.The objective of this work was to describe the biology of Anastrepha fraterculus in blueberry (Vaccinium ashei, blackberry (Rubus spp., strawberry guava (Psidium cattleyanum and Surinam cherry (Eugenia uniflora fruits. The experiment was carried out in laboratory under controlled conditions of temperature (25±2ºC, relative humidity (70±10%, and photophase (12 hours to determine insect biological parameters in immature and adult development stages. Anastrepha fraterculus finishes its biological cycle in all studied hosts; however, the Brazilian native fruits (strawberry guava and Surinam cherry provide better conditions for development of the insect. Biological parameters determined for immature development stadium were similar in the four hosts. Insects reared in Surinam cherry and strawberry guava showed, in the

  9. Parrots Eat Nutritious Foods despite Toxins

    Science.gov (United States)

    Gilardi, James D.

    2012-01-01

    Background Generalist herbivores are challenged not only by the low nitrogen and high indigestibility of their plant foods, but also by physical and chemical defenses of plants. This study investigated the foods of wild parrots in the Peruvian Amazon and asked whether these foods contain dietary components that are limiting for generalist herbivores (protein, lipids, minerals) and in what quantity; whether parrots chose foods based on nutrient content; and whether parrots avoid plants that are chemically defended. Methodology/Principal Findings We made 224 field observations of free-ranging parrots of 17 species in 8 genera foraging on 102 species of trees in an undisturbed tropical rainforest, in two dry seasons (July-August 1992–1993) and one wet season (January-February1994). We performed laboratory analyses of parts of plants eaten and not eaten by parrots and brine shrimp assays of toxicity as a proxy for vertebrates. Parrots ate seeds, fruits, flowers, leaves, bark, and insect larvae, but up to 70% of their diet comprised seeds of many species of tropical trees, in various stages of ripeness. Plant parts eaten by parrots were rich in protein, lipid, and essential minerals, as well as potentially toxic chemicals. Seeds were higher than other plant materials in protein and lipid and lower in fiber. Large macaws of three species ate foods higher in protein and lipids and lower in fiber compared to plant parts available but not eaten. Macaws ate foods that were lower in phenolic compounds than foods they avoided. Nevertheless, foods eaten by macaws contained measurable levels of toxicity. Macaws did not appear to make dietary selections based on mineral content. Conclusions/Significance Parrots represent a remarkable example of a generalist herbivore that consumes seeds destructively despite plant chemical defenses. With the ability to eat toxic foods, rainforest-dwelling parrots exploited a diversity of nutritious foods, even in the dry season when food was

  10. Parrots eat nutritious foods despite toxins.

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    James D Gilardi

    Full Text Available Generalist herbivores are challenged not only by the low nitrogen and high indigestibility of their plant foods, but also by physical and chemical defenses of plants. This study investigated the foods of wild parrots in the Peruvian Amazon and asked whether these foods contain dietary components that are limiting for generalist herbivores (protein, lipids, minerals and in what quantity; whether parrots chose foods based on nutrient content; and whether parrots avoid plants that are chemically defended.We made 224 field observations of free-ranging parrots of 17 species in 8 genera foraging on 102 species of trees in an undisturbed tropical rainforest, in two dry seasons (July-August 1992-1993 and one wet season (January-February1994. We performed laboratory analyses of parts of plants eaten and not eaten by parrots and brine shrimp assays of toxicity as a proxy for vertebrates. Parrots ate seeds, fruits, flowers, leaves, bark, and insect larvae, but up to 70% of their diet comprised seeds of many species of tropical trees, in various stages of ripeness. Plant parts eaten by parrots were rich in protein, lipid, and essential minerals, as well as potentially toxic chemicals. Seeds were higher than other plant materials in protein and lipid and lower in fiber. Large macaws of three species ate foods higher in protein and lipids and lower in fiber compared to plant parts available but not eaten. Macaws ate foods that were lower in phenolic compounds than foods they avoided. Nevertheless, foods eaten by macaws contained measurable levels of toxicity. Macaws did not appear to make dietary selections based on mineral content.Parrots represent a remarkable example of a generalist herbivore that consumes seeds destructively despite plant chemical defenses. With the ability to eat toxic foods, rainforest-dwelling parrots exploited a diversity of nutritious foods, even in the dry season when food was scarce for other frugivores and granivores.

  11. Fındıkta Küf Florası ve Aflatoksin Oluşumunun Araştırılması

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Cavidan Demir

    2015-02-01

    Full Text Available Bu çalışmada Giresun yöresinde yetiştirilen ticari öneme sahip tombul fındık örneklerinde aflatoksin varlığı ve küf florası araştırılmıştır. Bunlara bağlı olarak rutubet ve kül miktarı da belirlenmiştir. Giresun merkez ve ilçelerine ait 30 farklı örnek, iç fındık şeklinde alınmıştır. Çalışmada kullanılan 30 fındık örneğinin hiçbirinde tespit edilebilir seviyede aflatoksin belirlenmemiştir. Araştırma örneklerinde genel olarak %54-100 oranında fungal enfeksiyon görülmüş ve ortalama %85.93 olarak saptanmıştır. Tüm örneklerden depo fungusu olarak bilinen Aspergillus ve Penicillium cinsi küf izole edilirken, 9 örnekte Aspergillus flavus grubu küf bulunmuştur. Bunların toksijenitesi belirlenmemiştir. Ayrıca, Mucorales ve Rhizopus cinsi enfeksiyon oranı da yüksek bulunmuştur. Depolanmış fındıklarda küf oranının yüksek olması depolama şartlarının uygun olmadığını göstermektedir. Fındık örneklerinde aflatoksin saptanmaması memnun edici bir sonuçtur. Ancak, Aspergillus grubu küf enfeksiyonunun yüksek olması istenmeyen bir özelliktir.

  12. Tüketici Araştırmalarında Müşteri Tatminini Esas Alan Görüş ile Müşteri Değerini Esas Alan Görüşün Bir Model Dâhilinde Birleştirilmesi ve En Küçük Kareler Yöntemiyle Test Edilmesi

    OpenAIRE

    CENGİZ, Ekrem

    2010-01-01

    Günümüzde iki farklı görüş tartışılmaktadır, bunlar; müşteri tatminin müşteri değerini belirlediği ve müşteri değerinin müşteri tatminini etkilediği görüşleridir. Bazı araştırmacılara göre müşteri araştırmalarının temelinde müşteri tatmini kavramı mevcutken, diğerlerine göre müşteri değeri bulunmaktadır. Bu araştırmada her iki görüşü de yansıtan bir model oluşturulmuş ve Trabzon’daki otel müşterileri üzerinde iki aşamalı en küçük kareler yöntemiyle test edilmiştir...

  13. Kefir Kültürünün Beyaz Peynir Yapımında Kullanılması Üzerine bir Araştırma

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Hasan Yaygın

    2015-02-01

    Full Text Available Beyaz peynir yapımında kullanılacak saf kültürde yer alması gereken mikroorganizmaları saptamak amacı ile bazı çalışmalar yapılmıştır. Araştırıcıların çoğunluğu saf kültürde S. lactis, S. cremoris ve L. casei’ nin bulunması gerektiğini belirtmişlerdir. Bu çalışmada beyaz peynir yapımında saf kültür olarak kefir kültürü kullanılmıştır. Kefir kültüründe söz konusu bakterilerle beraber bazı maya ve bakteriler de bulunmaktadır. Araştırma sonuçları kefir kültürü katılan sütten yapılan beyaz peynirde asitlik gelişiminin istenilen düzeyde olduğu; tat ve aroma ile yapının tüketiciler tarafından beğenildiğini ortaya çıkarmıştır.

  14. Soya ve Buğday Rüşeymi Katkılı Unların Kalitesini Düzeltme İmkanları Üzerinde Araştırmalar

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Berrin Kahveci

    2015-02-01

    Full Text Available Araştırmada üç ayrı kalitedeki una, ısıl işlem uygulanmış muhtelif oranlarda tam yağlı ve yağsız soya veya tam yağlı ve yağsız buğday rüşeymi katılarak bunların ekmeklik kalitesine etkileri araştırılmıştır. Sonra soya veya buğday rüşeymi katkılı örneklere %0.2 ve %0.4 oranında SSL katılarak bunun ekmek özelliklerini düzeltici etkileri tespit edilmiştir. Soya ve rüşeym katkıları ekmeklerde hacim verimini ve Dallmann değerini düşürmüş, gözenek yapısını olumsuz yönde etkilemiştir. Genelde soyanın ekmek kalitesine olumsuz etkileri, buğday rüşeymine kıyasla daha az olmuştur. SSL katkısı örneklerin ekmeklik özelliklerini önemli ölçüde iyileştirmiştir.

  15. Perceptions on hospitality when visiting secluded communities of guaranis, caiçaras e quilombolas in Paraty region

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Luis Alberto Beares

    2008-10-01

    Full Text Available Tourism in secluded communities puts different cultures in contact with each other and must be handled carefully not to cause environmental damage as well as cultural loss which might jeopardize the local development and create hostile relationships. The proposal of in sito tourism, considering the local memory and patrimony as a hospitality potential, was observed during technical visitations to three communities located in the Paraty region and surroundings: Guarani, Caiçara (fishermen and Quilombola(African slaves descendants. Through field work involving visitations to communities and interviews with locals, information regarding cultural differences and the importance of the land occupation in the history of each of the communities was assessed. The common link in the history of these peoples is the struggle for the right of land possession. During visits when people shared their territory various forms of hospitality in each community were verified, issued from different cultures and cultural values.

  16. [Reseña: La temporalidad estremecida] Araújo, A. (2013. Todos los tiempos, el tiempo. Montevideo: Psicolibros

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Ana Luisa Hounie

    2014-05-01

    Full Text Available Corrientes muy diversas del pensamiento que procuran dar luz al problema de la percepción humana de la experiencia del mundo (desde Wilfrid Sellars (1962 a Edgar Morin (2001 -por situar dos filósofos que se encuentran en el origen de concepciones epistemológicas bien distintas- coinciden en un punto: de lo que se trata es de entender de qué forma las cosas, en el sentido más amplio posible, se componen juntas. El texto de Ana María Araújo fortifica esta idea doblemente, pues esta composición resulta precisamente el fundamento epistémico que le da lugar y al mismo tiempo el principio que sostiene el riguroso método que lo hace posible. En otras palabras, desde el comienzo hasta el final, la autora produce una respuesta en acto a la pregunta por el tiempo que guía su inquietud investigativa.

  17. Repair and fixation of potentially lethal damage (PLD) as demonstrated by delayed plating or incubation with araA in contact inhibited refed plateau-phase C3H mouse embryo 10T1/2 cells grown in the presence of BrdUrd

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Iliakis, G.; Wright, E.; Ngo, F.Q.H.

    1987-01-01

    CH3 mouse 10 T 1/2 cells showing strong inhibition of growth at confluency were grown under daily refeeding in the presence of BrdUrd (from 0 to 1 μM) and exposed to γ-rays either while exponentially growing or in the plateau phase. An increase in radiosensitivity was observed in both growth conditions mainly reflected by a reduction in Dq. Greater radiosensitization was observed in exponentially growing than in plateau-phase cells, and 3-4 times higher BrdUrd concentrations were required in plateau-phase cells for similar potentiation in killing. This effect could not be entirely attributed to a reduction in BrdUrd incorporation since measurements with 3 H-BrdUrd showed reductions in incorporation between only 17-47% in plateau-phase cells. The rate of repair of potentially lethal damage (PLD) as demonstrated by delayed plating was not affected by the incorporation of BrdUrd, but the amount of repair (measured as the relative increase in cell survival) was higher for BrdUrd containing cells. Post-irradiation treatment of cells in the plateau-phase (no BrdUrd) with 9-β-D-arabinofuranosyladenine (araA) caused fixation of radiation-induced PLD. AraA treatment of cells grown in the presence of various amounts of BrdUrd also caused fixation of PLD, but resulted in survival levels similar to those observed with cells growing in BrdUrd-free medium. This result indicates that BrdUrd mediated radiosensitization cannot be observed when cells are prevented from repairing PLD by postirradiation incubation with araA. Based on these findings we propose that the mechanism of radiosensitization by BrdUrd incorporation might be, by increasing probability of fixation, mediated by the postirrdiation progression of cells through the cycle, of a sector of PLD also sensitive to post-irradiation treatment with araA. For this sector of PLD the term α-PLD has been proposed. (orig.)

  18. Hemşirelik Fakültesi Öğrencilerinin Sosyal Ağ Sitelerini Kullanma Amacı ile İletişim Becerileri Arasındaki İlişkinin İncelenmesi

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Hatice Kaya

    2015-08-01

    Full Text Available Amaç: Araştırma, hemşirelik öğrencilerinin sosyal ağ sitelerini kullanma amacı ile iletişim becerileri arasındaki ilişkiyi belirlemeye yönelik tanımlayıcı ve ilişki arayıcı türde planlandı.Yöntem: Araştırmanın evrenini, bir Hemşirelik Fakültesi’nin 2011-2012 eğitim-öğretim yılında öğrenim gören tüm öğrenciler, örneklemini ise tabakalı rastgele örnekleme yöntemi ile belirlenen 238 öğrenci oluşturdu. Kurumdan yazılı, öğrencilerden sözlü bilgilendirilmiş onam alındı. Veriler Yapılandırılmış Soru Formu, Sosyal Ağ Siteleri Kullanım Amacı Ölçeği ve İletişim Becerileri Ölçeği (İBÖ ile toplandı. Verilerin analizinde; frekans, yüzde, aritmetik ortalama, standart sapma, Independent t testi, Spearman’s rho korelasyon testleri kullanıldı.Bulgular: Yaş ortalamasının 20.67±2.67 %78.2’sinin kız, %59.7’sinin bilgisayar kullandığı, %98.3’ünün internet, %86.1’inin sosyal ağ kullandığı, sosyal ağ sitelerini kullanan öğrencilerin %47.9’unun myspace, %26.1’inin twitter, %18’inin ise facebook’u tercih ettikleri saptandı. Öğrencilerin Sosyal Ağ Siteleri Kullanım Amacı Ölçeği toplam puan ortalamasının 38.69±17.49, İBÖ toplam puan ortalamasının 104.00±19.26 olduğu görüldü. Sosyal ağ sitelerini kullanan öğrencilerin İBÖ toplam puanı arasında anlamlı bir fark bulunmazken (p>0.05, İBÖ davranışsal alt boyutunda istatistiksel açıdan anlamlı bir fark saptandı (p<0.001.Sonuçlar: Öğrencilerin iletişim becerileri orta düzeydedir. Sosyal ağ sitelerini hem iletişim, hem kendini tanıtma, hem de eğitim amaçlı kullanmaktadırlar. Sosyal ağ sitelerini etkin kullanan öğrenciler, iletişim becerilerini davranışlarına yansıtabilmektedirler. 

  19. Örgütsel Bağlılık ile Örgütsel Sinizm ve Örgütsel Muhalefet Arasındaki İlişki The Relationship Between Organizational Commitment and Organizational Cynicism and Organizational Dissent

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Kaya YILDIZ

    2013-07-01

    örülmektedir. Örgütsel sinizm ve örgütsel muhalefet bu değişkenlerden biridir. Son yıllarda örgütsel sinizm ve örgütsel muhalefet örgütsel davranış disiplininin ilgilendiği yeni konular içerisinde yer almaktadır. Öğretmenlerin örgütsel bağlılık düzeylerini etkileyen sinizm ve muhalefet algılarının bilinmesi önemli görülmüştür. Bu araştırmanın amacı; İlkokullarda görev yapan öğretmenlerin örgütsel bağlılık ile örgütsel sinizm ve örgütsel muhalefet algıları arasındaki ilişkiyi saptamaktır. Araştırmanın çalışma evrenini, 2012-2013 öğretim yılında Bolu ili merkez ilçe sınırlarında bulunan ilkokullarda görev yapan 219 sınıf öğretmeni oluşturmaktadır. Araştırma verileri, ölçeklerle toplanmıştır. Araştırma verileri öğretmenlerden Meyer ve Allen (1984 tarafından geliştirilen ve Boylu, Pelit ve Güçer (2007 tarafından Türkçe’ye uyarlanan “Örgütsel Bağlılık Ölçeği”, Brandes, Dharwadkar ve Dean (1999 tarafından geliştirilen Kalağan (2009 tarafından Türkçeye uyarlanan “Örgütsel Sinizm Ölçeği” ve Özdemir (2010 tarafından geliştirilen Örgütsel Muhalefet ölçeğinin “Muhalif Davranışlar Alt Ölçeği” ile toplanmıştır. Araştırmada veriler; SPSS 16.0 paket programında frekans, yüzde, aritmetik ortalama, standart sapma ve korelasyon gibi betimsel istatistiksel işlemlerle analiz edilmiştir. Araştırmada İlkokullarda görev yapan öğretmenlerin örgütsel bağlılık ile örgütsel sinizm ve örgütsel muhalefet algıları arasında bir ilişki olduğu sonucuna ulaşımıştır. Öğretmenlerin örgütsel bağlılık ile örgütsel sinizm algıları arasında yüksek düzeyde negatif, örgütsel muhalefet algıları ile ise orta düzeyde negatif bir ilişki olduğu sonucuna ulaşılmıştır.

  20. Una huella de Rogier Van der Weyden en la obra de Bernart de Aras, “pintor vecino de la ciudat de Huesca”

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Martens, Didier

    2008-03-01

    Full Text Available In 1461, the Aragonese painter Bernart de Aras was commissioned to paint an altarpiece for the small church of Pompién (Huesca. This altarpiece, completed two years later, could still be seen in its original location in 1936. Today, only four panels from the retable are preserved in the storerooms of the Museu d’Art de Catalunya in Barcelona. The central panel consists of a Madonna Enthroned with Child. Both of these figures clearly reflect the artist’s familiarity with the Madonna Durán, one of Rogier van der Weyden’s (1399/ 1400-1464 most famous pictures, now hanging in the Museo Nacional del Prado in Madrid. Therefore, it can be claimed that Rogier’s work was already known in Spain during his lifetime.

    En 1461, el pintor aragonés Bernart de Aras recibe el encargo de realizar un retablo para la pequeña iglesia de Pompién (Huesca. Terminado en 1463, este retablo, que se mantenía todavía en su emplazamiento original en 1936 y del que una parte se conserva actualmente en el Museu Nacional d’Art de Catalunya en Barcelona, presentaba, en la tabla central, una Virgen entronizada con el Niño. Estas dos figuras no constituyen una creación del artista, sino que las tomó de una obra famosa de Rogier van der Weyden (1399/1400-1464: la Madona Durán, hoy conservada en el Museo Nacional del Prado. Esta tabla del pintor bruselense era, por lo tanto, ya conocida en la Península Ibérica en 1461-1463, es decir, en vida del artista.

  1. Kıbrıs’ta Yetiştirilen Bazı Turunçgil Meyvelerinin Kabuk Yağları Üzerinde Araştırmalar

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Ayten Doğan

    2015-02-01

    Full Text Available Araştırmamızda, Kıbrıs’ta yetiştirilen Valensiya ve Yafa portakal çeşitleriyle, Kıbrıs limonu ve Marsh Seedless altıntop’unun kabuk uçucu yağları incelenmiştir. Yapılan analizler de saptanan fiziksel ve kimyasal özelliklerle gaz kromatografik sonuçlar Valensiya, Yafa portakalı, Kıbrıs limonu ve Marsh Seedless altıntopu sırasıyla şöyledir. Yoğunluk (d20o: 0.8413, 0.8411, 0.8478, 0.8565, kırılma indisi (nD20o: 1.4731, 1.4730, 1.4750, 1.4790, çevirme derecesi (µD20o: +99.2, +98.2, +76.1, +91.8, asit sayısı: 1.64, 1.86, 1.36, 1.68, alkolde çözünürlük (%90: 8.1, 7.7, 6.6, 8.3, sabunlaşma sayısı: 3.36, 7.48, 5.76, 13.28, ester sayısı: 1.72, 5.59, 4.40, 11.60, ester miktarı (%: 0.70, 2.64, 2.28, 4.24, serbest alkol miktarı (%: 1.53, 2.41, 4.18, 5.40, aldehit miktarı (%: 3.66, 5.44, 3.31, 2.54, buharlaşma artığı (%: 2.79, 0.04, 4.52, 10.32 olarak saptanmıştır. Gaz kromatografik analiz sonucunda 16 bileşen saf standartlar yardımıyla teşhis edilmiş olup, terpenlerin % de miktarı portakallarda %98.78-98.89, limonlarda %96.72-97.56, altıntoplarda ise %98.31-98.65 arasında bulunmuştur. Dolayısıyla görülmektedir ki oksijenli bileşiklerin miktarı portakallarda %1.11-1.22, limonlarda %2.44-3.28, altıntoplarda da %1.35-1.69 arasında değişmektedir. Turunçgillerin aromasında asıl önemli olan bileşikler bu çok az miktarda olan oksijenli bileşiklerdir. Aynı zamanda bu bileşikler uçucu yağın kalitesini de ortaya koymaktadır.

  2. Delice(Olea europea var. oleaster L.) ile zeytin (Olea europea var.sativa) arasında anatomik ve palinojik ayrıcalıklar (The Anatomic And Palynological Differences Between Olea europea var. oleaster L. AND Olea europea var.sativa)

    OpenAIRE

    Kaya, Zafer

    1991-01-01

    Delice(Olea europea var. oleaster L.) ile zeytin (Olea europea var.sativa) arasında anatomik ve palinojik ayrıcalıklar (The Anatomic And Palynological Differences Between Olea europea var. oleaster L. AND Olea europea var.sativa)

  3. Enerji bitkisi olarak farklı kamış türlerinin briketlenmesi üzerine bir araştırma

    OpenAIRE

    BİLGİN, Sefai; ERTEKİN, Can; KÜRKLÜ, Ahmet

    2014-01-01

    Bu araştırmada, enerji bitkisi olarak dev kamış (Arundo donax) ve sazlık kamış (Phragmites australis) bitkilerinin briketlenmesi ve briketlerin fiziksel özelliklerinin belirlenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Materyallerin briketlenmesi için 15 kW gücünde konik kalıplı ve kalıp ısıtmalı konik helezon tip briketleme makinesi kullanılmıştır. Briketlerin fiziksel özellikleri ile ilgili olarak yoğunluk, dayanıklılık direnci, kırılma direnci, su alma direnci, nem içeriği ve eşdeğer nem içeriği değerleri belirl...

  4. Engelli çocuklar için yapay zeka tabanlı eğitim-destek araçları geliştirilmesi

    OpenAIRE

    Uçar, Özlem

    2007-01-01

    Doktora Tezi. Engelli Çocuklar İçin Yapay Zeka Tabanli Eğitim-Destek Araçlari Geliştirilmesi. Engelli çocukların, eğitim ve gelişim olanaklarına mümkün olduğunca kolay ve etkin bir biçimde erişebilmesinin sağlanması, toplum için hem yasal hem de vicdani bir sorumluluktur. Yardımcı teknolojiler, engelli çocukların eğitim faaliyetlerine tam ve yeterli biçimde katılabilmesi için büyük olanaklar sunarlar. Bu tezde, artiküler bozukluğu olan, otistik veya zihinsel engellere sahip çocukların eğitiml...

  5. Konaklama İşletmelerinde Örgütsel Öğrenme, Örgütsel Bağlılık ve İşten Ayrılma Eğilimi Arasındaki İlişki

    OpenAIRE

    AVCI, Nilgün; KÜÇÜKUSTA, Deniz

    2009-01-01

    Çalışmanın amacı, konaklama işletmelerinde örgütsel öğrenmenin, örgütsel bağlılık ve işten ayrılma eğilimi üzerindeki etkilerini analiz etmektir. Çeşme'de faaliyet gösteren 5 adet beş yıldızlı otel araştırmaya dahil edilmiştir. Alan araştırması kapsamında, literatürden elde edilen bilgiler ışığında oluşturulan yapılandırılmış anket tekniği kullanılmış, elde edilen veriler SPSS 13.0 (Statistical Program for Social Sciences) programı ile analiz edilmiştir. Çalışmada öncelikle geçerlik ve g...

  6. Kuş Gölü (Bandırma Makrobentik Omurgasız Faunası Hakkında Bir Ön Araştırma.

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Süleyman Balık

    2015-12-01

    Full Text Available Kuş Gölü’nün makrobentik omurgasız faunasını belirlemek amacıyla 1987 ve 1988 yılları arasında aylık periyotlar halinde, bir yıl süre ile 5 istasyonda arazi çalışması yapılmıştır. Ekman grab ile alınan çamur örnekleri 500 μm göz açıklığındaki elekten geçirilmiş ve örnekler %4’lük formaldehit solüsyonunda tespit edilmiştir. Araştırma sonucunda, Oligochaeta sınıfından 10, Chironomidae familyasından 5 ve Ceratopogonidae familyasından 1 olmak üzere toplam 16 takson tespit edilmiştir. Kuş gölü’nde metrekarede ortalama 6759 birey tespit edilmiş, grupların oransal dağılımında %81,94 ile Oligochaeta bireylerinin en baskın grubu oluşturduğu, bu grubu Chironomidae (%17,90 ve Ceratopogonidae (%0,16 larvalarının takip ettiği saptanmıştır. Tespit edilen grupların istasyonlara göre oransal dağılımlarında ise, 1. istasyonun en zengin (%28,71, 4. istasyonun en fakir (%12,77 istasyon olduğu gözlenmiştir

  7. Almanya'da sığır ve dana eti piyasa düzeni ve Türkiye için sığır eti pazarlamasında model oluşturabilme olanakları üzerine bir araştırma

    OpenAIRE

    KILIÇ, Sevinç

    2006-01-01

    Almanya'da Sığır ve Dana Eti Piyasa Düzeni ve Türkiye İçin Sığır Eti PazarlamasındaModel Oluşturabilme Olanakları Üzerine Bir AraştırmaBu araştırmada Avrupa Birliği Ortak Tarım Politikası kapsamında Sığır ve Dana Eti OrtakPiyasa Düzeni'nde uygulanmış ve uygulanmakta olan politikalar, Almanya'nın kasaplıkhayvan ve et piyasa yapısı ile ilgili düzenlemeleri, Almanya'da kasaplık hayvan ve etpazarlamasının tarihsel gelişimi detaylı olarak incelenmiştir.Türkiye'de 2001-2004 yıl...

  8. The Use of Thermal Analysis and Photoacoustic Spectroscopy in the Evaluation of Maltodextrin Microencapsulation of Anthocyanins from Juçara Palm Fruit (Euterpe edulis Mart. and Their Application in Food

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Ana Paula da Silva dos Passos

    2015-01-01

    Full Text Available Anthocyanins extracted from the pulp of the fruit of juçara palm (Euterpe edulis Mart. were microencapsulated with maltodextrin in order to stabilise them. Photoacoustic spectroscopy was used to investigate the photostability of the microencapsulated samples. Complementary differential scanning calorimetry and scanning electron microscopy measurements were also performed. Lyophilised extract had 14 340.2 mg/L of total anthocyanins, and the microencapsulation effi ciency of 93.6 %. Temperature analysis showed that maltodextrin conferred protection up to 70 °C for 120 min. Scanning electron microscopy showed that the microencapsulated particles had a flake-like morphology with a smooth surface, characteristic of lyophilisation processes. In addition, when added to yogurt, a red colourant was predominant in the samples at pH from 1.5 up to 5.0. Thermal analysis showed a weak interaction between the sample and the encapsulating agent, and photoacoustic data indicated the photostability of the matrix when exposed to light. Yogurts containing microencapsulated anthocyanins showed a more intense pink colour than yogurts treated with pure dye, and sensory analysis demonstrated that they can have good acceptance on the market. Microencapsulation enabled the innovative application of anthocyanins from juçara palm fruit, and complementary techniques allied to the photoacoustic spectroscopy were effective tools for its evaluation.

  9. Muhasebe Meslek Mensuplarında Tükenmişlik Sendromu Üzerine Bir Araştırma

    OpenAIRE

    DOĞAN, Prof. Dr. Zeki; NAZLIOĞLU, Elif Hilal

    2010-01-01

    Bu çalışmanın amacı, muhasebe meslek mensuplarının tükenmişlik sendromu yaşayıp-yaşamadıklarını incelemek ve eğer yaşıyorlarsa bunun boyutunu araştırmaktır. Bunun için Kayseri ilinde faaliyet gösteren muhasebe meslek mensuplarının tükenmişlik düzeylerinin ölçümüne ve tükenmişliğin alt boyutlarında nedensellik ilişkilerinin yönünün tespitine ilişkin bir anket çalışması yapılmıştır. Elde edilen verilerden hareketle ilk olarak Maslach Tükenmişlik Ölçeği hesaplanmış ve daha sonra nedensellik test...

  10. İzmir Merkez İlçelerindeki Akvaryum İşletmelerinin Genel Profilinin Çıkarılması Üzerine Bir Araştırma.

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Müge A. Hekimoğlu

    2015-12-01

    Full Text Available Bu araştırmada, İzmir merkez ilçelerindeki akvaryum işletmelerinin profili çıkarılarak, genel durumları hakkında değerlendirmeler amaçlanmıştır. Çalışmada öncelikle, İzmir`deki mevcut akvaryum işletmelerinin sayısal durumunun tespiti yapılıp; işletmelerin pazarladıkları ürünler belirlenmiş ve gelecekteki pazar durumu hakkında tahminde bulunulmuştur. İzmir ilinde yer alan akvaryum işletmeleriyle doğrudan görüşmeler yoluyla gerçekleştirilen araştırmanın orijinal verileri hazırlanmıştır. Anket çalışmasına temel oluşturan İzmir ilinde bulunan akvaryum işletmeleri ana kitle olarak kabul edilerek tam sayım yöntemi kullanılmıştır. Anket sonuçları SPSS ( The Statistical Package for The Social Sciences paket programı yardımıyla değerlendirilmiştir. Çalışmada belirlenen tüm akvaryum işletmelerinden %65’nin halen faaliyette olduğu, %35’inin ise kapandığı tespit edilmiştir. Halen çalışan akvaryum işletmelerinin %38,2`si Konak, %23,5`u Bornova, %17,6’sı Karşıyaka ve %21,6`sı Buca ve Narlıdere’de bulunmaktadır. Bugüne kadar bu işletmelerin % 82`si üniversiteden danışmanlık almışlardır. Bu akvaryum işletmelerinin %94`ü şahıs işletmesi ve %6’sı ticaret ortaklığıdır, bunun yanında bu işletmelerde çalışanların %94`ü erkek ve çalışanların %59`u lise mezunudur. Araştırma sonunda akvaryumcuların sorunları belirlenerek çözüm önerileri ortaya konulmaya çalışılmıştır

  11. A Research on the Use of Problem Based Learning Approach: Teaching of Probability Sample [Probleme Dayalı Öğrenme Yaklaşımının Kullanımına Yönelik Bir Araştırma: Olasılık Konularının Öğretimi Örneği

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Murat Duran

    2015-08-01

    Full Text Available The purpose of this study is to reveal the variation in the perception of middle grade students for problem-based learning components in teaching process of probability topics and determine the attitudes of the students. The study makes use of the explanatory pattern of the mixed method, which enables using qualitative and quantitative data together. The sample of the study was composed of 32 students, selected by simple random sampling method, studying 8th grade of a middle state school in the fall semester of 2013-2014 academic terms in the province of Kars. Quantitave data of the study are tutor evaluation scale and learner’s self-evaluation scale developed by Dokuz Eylul University School of Medicine (2002 and scale of mathematical gains in problem-based learning developed by Biber (2012. Qualitative data of the study are tutor evaluation form, self-evaluation form and the form of evaluation of activity process developed by Eski (2011 and the scenarios developed by researchers. The quantitative data analysis of the study makes use of friedman test, wilcoxon signed rank test, one-way analysis of variance and dependent sample t-test. Qualitative data was analysed using descriptive analysis technique. Quantitative results of the study indicate significant change in learners’ evaluation towards themselves, to the tutor and the learning process. Qualitative results showed that the learners abandoned negative thoughts toward the class and achieved learning goals. [Bu araştırmanın amacı, olasılık konularının öğretimi sürecinde probleme dayalı öğrenme bileşenlerine yönelik öğrenci algılarındaki farklılaşmayı ortaya çıkarmak ve öğrenci görüşlerini belirlemektir. Araştırmada nicel ve nitel verileri bir arada kullanma imkânı veren karma yöntemin açıklayıcı deseni kullanılmıştır. Araştırmanın örneklemi 2013-2014 öğretim yılı güz döneminde Kars ilindeki bir devlet okulunun ortaokul 8.sınıfında

  12. Meddah Behçet Mahir’in “Leylâ ve Mecnun” Hikâyesinde Yer AlanAra Sözler

    OpenAIRE

    AYDIN, Hidayet

    2011-01-01

    Anlatmaya dayalı halk edebiyatı ürünlerinde metnin orijinalinde yer almayan, anlatıcı tarafından metne ilave edilen fıkra, efsane, atasözü, kıssa gibi yazılı ve sözlü kaynaklardan alıntılar veya anlatıcının başından geçen olaylar yer almaktadır. Bu tür anlatılar daha çok halk edebiyatının nesir türünde görülmektedir. Anlatıcı bir baba edasıyla ya başından geçen olaylardan örneklemeler yapar ya da duyduğu, okuduğu birtakım kıssalardan bahseder. “Ara söz” diye adlandırılan bu anlatılar “Meddah ...

  13. Acrocomia aculeata

    African Journals Online (AJOL)

    aghomotsegin

    2015-01-28

    Jan 28, 2015 ... the drying oven, and the water content of the fruits and seeds were measured in addition to .... Goiano), Rio Verde Campus, Goiás - Brazil, using ripe macaw palm fruits collected in January 2011 at the Gameleira farm in the.

  14. İlköğretim Okulu Öğretmenlerinin Mesleki Tükenmişlik Düzeyleri İle Örgütsel Vatandaşlık Davranışları Arasındaki İlişki

    OpenAIRE

    SEZGİN, Ferudun; KILINÇ, Ali Çağatay

    2015-01-01

    Bu çalışmanın amacı, ilköğretim okulu öğretmenlerinin tükenmişlik düzeyleri ile örgütsel vatandaşlık davranışları arasındaki ilişkileri incelemektir. Araştırmaya Kocaeli ili merkezinde yer alan 14 ilköğretim okulunda görevli 269 öğretmen katılmıştır. Öğretmenlerin tükenmişlik düzeylerinin belirlenmesi için “Maslach Tükenmişlik Envanteri” ve örgütsel vatandaşlık düzeylerinin belirlenmesi için “Örgütsel Vatandaşlık Ölçeği” kullanılmıştır. Verilerin analizinde Pearson momentler çarpımı korelasyo...

  15. O gabinete do doutor Edelvito Campelo D'Araújo: a Penitenciária Pedra Grande como espaço de construção de um saber (1933-1945 The office of doctor Edelvito Campelo D'Araújo: Pedra Grande Penitentiary as a space for building knowledge (1933-1945

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Fernanda Rebelo

    2007-12-01

    Full Text Available Discute a instalação do modelo penitenciário na cidade de Florianópolis, em Santa Catarina, na década de 1930, sob a ótica do pensamento médico-higienista, e suas interfaces com o pensamento jurídico. Analisa também os discursos que, na época, eram aceitos ou considerados com valor científico. Edelvito Campelo D'Araújo, diretor da Penitenciária Pedra Grande entre 1935 e 1945, realizou uma reforma na instituição tanto administrativa, com o aumento e especialização do funcionalismo e a criação de novas seções, como física, isto é, na estrutura do prédio. Essa reforma tinha um duplo objetivo: além de implementar uma administração mais racional e moderna, de acordo com o ideário positivista da República Nova, buscava realizar um estudo científico, elaborado pelo próprio diretor, no intuito de conhecer a fundo o 'fenômeno crime' e as motivações dos criminosos.The article discusses the introduction of the penitentiary model in the city of Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, in the 1930s, from the perspective of hygienism and its interfaces with legal thought. It also analyzes the discourses that were accepted or deemed of scientific value at that time. Edelvito Campelo D'Araújo, director of the Pedra Grande Penitentiary from 1935 to 1945, enacted an administrative and physical reform that boosted staff numbers and increased their specialization while also adding new sections to the building structure. The reform had a twofold goal: it was meant to introduce a more rational, modern administration, in tune with the positivist thinking of the New Republic, and to conduct an in-depth scientific study, designed by the director himself, of the 'crime phenomenon' and of perpetrators' motives.

  16. Psittacid herpesviruses associated with mucosal papillomas in neotropical parrots

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Styles, Darrel K.; Tomaszewski, Elizabeth K.; Jaeger, Laurie A.; Phalen, David N.

    2004-01-01

    Mucosal papillomas are relatively common lesions in several species of captive neotropical parrots. They cause considerable morbidity and in some cases, result in mortality. Previous efforts to identify papillomavirus DNA and proteins in these lesions have been largely unsuccessful. In contrast, increasing evidence suggests that mucosal papillomas may contain psittacid herpesviruses (PsHVs). In this study, 41 papillomas from 30 neotropical parrots were examined by PCR with PsHV-specific primers. All 41 papillomas were found to contain PsHV DNA. This 100% prevalence of PsHV infection in the papilloma population was found to be significantly higher than PsHV infection prevalence observed in other surveys of captive parrots. PsHV genotypes 1, 2, and 3, but not 4 were found in these lesions. Psittacus erithacus papillomavirus DNA and finch papillomavirus DNA were not found in the papillomas. A papilloma from a hyacinth macaw (Anodorhynchus hyacinthinus) was found to contain cells that had immunoreactivity to antiserum made to the common antigenic region of human papillomavirus (HPV) L1 major capsid protein. However, four other mucosal papillomas were negative for this immunoreactivity, and negative control tissues from a parrot embryo showed a similar staining pattern to that seen in the cloaca papilloma of the hyacinth macaw, strongly suggesting that the staining seen in hyacinth macaw papilloma was nonspecific. Based on these findings, it was concluded that specific genotypes of PsHV play a direct role in the development of mucosal papillomas of neotropical parrots and there is no evidence to suggest the concurrent presence of a papillomavirus in these lesions

  17. Tekirdağ İlinde Yetiştirilen Bazı Sebze ve Meyvelerde Nitrat ve Nitrit Miktarları Üzerinde Araştırmalar

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Harun Dıraman

    2015-02-01

    Full Text Available Meyve ve sebzelerin doğal yapılarında bulunan nitrat ve nitritin miktarları, günümüzde çevre kirlenmesinin gıdalar üzerindeki etkisini gösteren önemli parametrelerdendir. Nitrat ve nitritler gerekli ortamı buldukları zaman kanserojen bileşenlere dönüşmektedirler. Nitrat ve nitritin tayininde çeşitli kimyasal yöntemler kullanılmaktadır. Bu araştırmada ISO tarafından meyve ve sebzelerde nitrat ve nitrit belirlenmesinde referans metot olarak verilen moleküler absorpsiyon spektrofotometrik metot kullanılmıştır.Tekirdağ ilinin farklı yerleşim birimlerinden toplanan toplam 96 örnek üzerinde çalışılmıştır. Ispanak, marul, taze fasulye, patates, elma ve üzümde mg/kg taze ağırlık üzerinden belirlenen ortalama nitrat değerleri sırası ile 362.5, 685.6, 168.6, 777.9, 18.1, 16.6 olmuştur. Nitrit miktarları ise  çok düşük ve önemsiz düzeyde bulunmuştur. Örnekler üzerindeki nitrat ve nitrit miktarlarıyla ilgili istatistiki değerlendirmede  yapılan gruplar arasında önemli farklılık olduğu bulunmuştur. Örneklerin nitrat miktarlarının Türk Gıda Kodeksi tarafından izin verilen  maksimum değerlerin altında ve düşük  olduğu görülmüştür.

  18. Ore deposits and epithermal evidences associated with intra-magmatic faults at Aïn El Araâr-Oued Belif ring structure (NW of Tunisia)

    Science.gov (United States)

    Aissa, Wiem Ben; Aissa, Lassaâd Ben; Amara, Abdesslem Ben Haj; Tlig, Said; Alouani, Rabah

    2017-03-01

    Hydrothermal ore deposits at Aïn El Araâr-Oued Belif location are classified as epithermal deposits type. The ore bodies are hosted by upper Turonian (8-9 M.y) volcanic rhyodacitic complex. Polymetallic sulfide orebodies are mainly concentrated within intra-magmatic faults. Petrographic, XRD, and TEM-STEM investigations revealed that ore minerals are essentially, arsenopyrite, pyrite, chalcopyrite, pyrrhotite, hematite, goethite and magnetite with Au, Ag and Pt trace metals. Gangue minerals are mainly adularia, quartz, sericite, alunite, tridymite, chlorite, phlogopite and smectite. Epithermal alteration is well zoned with four successive characteristic zones: (1) zone of quartz-adularia-sericite and rare alunite; (2) zone of kaolinite and plagioclase albitization; (3) intermediate zone of illite-sericite; (4) sapropelic alteration type zone of chlorite-smectite and rare illite. This can be interpreted as a telescoping of two different acidity epithermal phases; low sulfidation (adularia-sericite) and high sulfidation (quartz-alunite), separated in time or due to a gradual increase of fluids acidity and oxicity within the same mineralization phase. Brecciated macroscopic facies with fragments hosting quartz-adularia-sericite minerals (low-sulfidation phase) without alunite, support the last hypothesis. Geodynamic context and mineral alteration patterns are closely similar to those of Maria Josefa gold mine at SE of Spain which exhibit a volcanic-hosted epithermal ore deposit in a similar vein system, within rhyolitic ignimbrites, altered to an argillic assemblage (illite-sericite abundant and subordinate kaolinite) that grades outwards into propylitic alteration (Sanger-von Oepen et al. (1990)). Mineralogical and lithologic study undertaken in the volcanic host rock at Aïn El Araâr-Oued Belif reveals a typical epithermal low-sulfidation and high-sulfidation ore deposits with dominance of low-sulfidation. Host rocks in these systems range from silicic to

  19. Bayburt Koşullarında Organik Olarak Yetiştirilen Bazı Yerel Fasulye (Phaseolus vulgaris L. Genotiplerinin Bitkisel ve Tarımsal Özelliklerinin Belirlenmesi Üzerine Bir Araştırma

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    ümit girgel

    2018-01-01

    Full Text Available Özet Bu araştırma, organik şartlarda fasulye (Phaseolus vulgaris L. yerel genotiplerinin morfolojik ve agronomik özelliklerini belirlemek amacıyla, Bayburt Üniversitesi, Gıda Tarım ve Hayvancılık Uygulama ve Araştırma Merkezi deneme alanında 2016 yetiştirme döneminde yürütülmüştür. Araştırmada 13 yerel fasulye genotipi ile 3 tescilli çeşit (Önceler-98, Horoz ve Dermason kullanılmıştır. Tesadüf Bloklarında Bölünmüş Parseller deneme desenine göre üç tekerrürlü olarak yürütülen çalışmada dekara 10 ton olacak şekilde çiftlik gübresi uygulanmıştır. Araştırmada, bitki boyu 32.1-44.3 cm, ilk bakla yüksekliği 6.7-11.1 cm, gövde kalınlığı 5.6-8.4 cm, bakla boyu 85.9-120.7 mm, bakla eni 12.5-15.4 mm, bitkide bakla sayısı 10.0-24.1 adet/bitki, baklada tane sayısı 3.5-5.5 adet/bakla, 1000 tane ağırlığı 393.7-545.5 g, dekara tane verimi 128.3-194.3 kg/da arasında değişim göstermiştir. En yüksek tane verimi dermason fasulye çeşidinden elde edilmiş olup, yine Önceler-98 çeşidi ve Aydıntepe genotipinin tane verimi ve bölgeye adaptasyonu yüksek bulunuştur. Anahtar Kelimeler: Phaseolus vulgaris L., Genotip, Verim, Verim Öğeleri, Organik Tarım A Research on Determination of the Morphological and Agronomic Characteristics of Local Beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L. Genotypes Under the Organic Farming System in Bayburt Abstract This study was carried out Bayburt University Food and Agriculture and Livestock Application and Research Center in 2016 growing season to determine the morphological and agronomic characteristics of local genotypes of beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L. under organic farming conditions. In the study, 13 local bean genotypes and 3 registered varieties (Önceler-98, Horoz and Dermason were used. The experiment was carried out to the randomized complete block design with three replications. By using cow manure, the area was fertilized with 10 tons per decares. In the

  20. Akkeçi oğlaklarında doğum ve sütten kesim ağırlığına etki eden bazı çevre faktörleri üzerine araştırmalar

    OpenAIRE

    KAHRAMAN, Züleyha

    1991-01-01

     Bu araştırmada, Akkeçi oğlaklarında doğum ve sütten kesim ağırlıkları üzerine ana yaşı, cinsiyet, doğum şekli, ananın vücut ağırlığı ve bunlara ek ola rak oğlakların doğumdaki ağırlıklarının sütten kesim ağırlığına etkileri incelenmiştir. Araştırmanın ma teryalini Ankara Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi Zootekni Bölümü' nde yetiştirilen çeşitli yaştaki Akkeçiler ve bunlardan elde edilen oğlaklar oluşturmuştur. Yapılan önem kontrolleri sonucunda; oğlakların doğum ağ...

  1. Phase-Resolved Spectroscopy of the Low-Mass X-ray Binary V801 Ara

    Science.gov (United States)

    Brauer, Kaley; Vrtilek, Saeqa Dil; Peris, Charith; McCollough, Michael

    2018-06-01

    We present phase-resolved optical spectra of the low mass X-ray binary system V801 Ara. The spectra, obtained in 2014 with IMACS on the Magellan/Baade telescope at Las Campanas Observatory, cover the full binary orbit of 3.8 hours. They contain strong emission features allowing us to map the emission of Hα, Hβ, He II λ4686, and the Bowen blend at λ4640. The radial velocity curves of the Bowen blend shows significantly stronger modulation at the orbital period than Hα as expected for the former originating on the secondary with the latter consistent with emission dominated by the disk. Our tomograms of Hα and Hβ are the most detailed studies of these lines for V801 to date and they clearly detect the accretion disk. The Hβ emission extends to higher velocities than Hα, suggesting emission from closer to the neutron star and differentiating temperature variance in the accretion disk for the first time. The center of the accretion disk appears offset from the center-of-mass of the neutron star as has been seen in several other X-ray binaries. This is often interpreted to imply disk eccentricity. Our tomograms do not show strong evidence for a hot spot at the point where the accretion stream hits the disk. This could imply a reduced accretion rate or could be due to the spot being drowned out by bright accretion flow around it. There is enhanced emission further along the disk, however, which implies gas stream interaction downstream of the hot spot.

  2. La Orden de Medidas Provisionales del Tribunal Internacional del Derecho del Mar en el caso del buque de guerra ARA Libertad

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Martin Cabrera Mirassou

    2013-06-01

    Full Text Available El presente comentario tiene por finalidad describir la reciente orden de medidas provisionales emitida por el Tribunal Internacional del Derecho del Mar en el caso relativo a la detención de la Fragata ARA Libertad. La controversia contiene un complejo trasfondo político, económico y jurídico, en el cual se destaca el alcance de la inmunidad de los buques de guerra, el funcionamiento del sistema de solución de controversias de la Convención de Naciones Unidas sobre Derecho del Mar y, en particular, la competencia del Tribunal. Con la finalidad de lograr un entendimiento más profundo de su jurisprudencia se abordan los principales aspectos que permitan comprender el valor de la decisión para los actores del régimen de los océanos.

  3. Desenvolvimento de tecnologia para a fabricação de doce em massa com araçá-pêra (Psidium acutangulum D. C. para o pequeno produtor Development of a technology for the processing of araça pera jam for small producers

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Grace Maria Ferreira C. Wille

    2004-12-01

    Full Text Available O cultivo do araçá-pêra, (Psidium acutangulum D. C., fruto nativo da região Amazônica, tem despertado interesse de pesquisadores do sul do Brasil, pela possibilidade de representar uma nova oportunidade de sustento para os habitantes do litoral paranaense. O fruto apresenta boa proporção de polpa e suculência (rendimento em polpa 75,67%; porém, é excessivamente ácido para o consumo "in natura" (pH 2,77 e acidez livre 2,67%, tem aroma agradável e casca fina e amarga, sendo resistente ao corte. Possui valores de vitamina C de 60,98 mg/100g e fibra dietética de 9,6%. Objetivou-se com o presente trabalho desenvolver uma tecnologia e uma formulação para a fabricação de doce em massa do araçá pêra, que fosse simples e de fácil aplicação pelo pequeno produtor da região. Três formulações foram desenvolvidas com diferentes graus de redução da acidez do fruto. Na formulação A, foi utilizado um fruto neutro (chuchu 7% para essa finalidade, nas formulações B e C, a redução da acidez deu-se pela adição de citrato de sódio nas proporções de 65% e 40% p/p da acidez livre do fruto, respectivamente. No intuito de diminuir o tempo de cozimento da massa, foi acrescentada pectina cítrica comercial (1,5% às formulações B e C, não necessitando de sua adição na formulação A. O rendimento dos doces foi de 77,3% após cozimento da massa por 5 minutos em temperatura constante. Os doces apresentaram valores de pH / acidez de: (A: 3,1/1, 16, (B 3,57/1,62 e (C 3,36/1,70. Os doces foram submetidos às análises físico-química, microbiológica e sensorial, mostrando bom potencial para industrialização, com tecnologia facilmente aplicável pelo pequeno produtor.Araça Pera (Psidium acutangulum D.C., Myrtaceae is a native plant from the Amazon region. The fruit is very pulpy (yields 75.67% after peeling and seedling, has a delicate, pleasant flavor, a peel like fine leather, which has to be taken off for it is bitter. It

  4. Loss of the gene for the alpha subunit of ATP synthase (ATP5A1) from the W chromosome in the African grey parrot (Psittacus erithacus).

    Science.gov (United States)

    de Kloet, S R

    2001-08-01

    This study describes the results of an analysis using Southern blotting, the polymerase chain reaction, and sequencing which shows that the African grey parrot (Psittacus erithacus) lacks the W-chromosomal gene for the alpha subunit of mitochondrial ATP synthase (ATP5A1W). Additional evidence shows that in other psittacines a fragment of the ATP5A1W gene contains five times as many nonsynonymous nucleotide replacements as the homologous fragment of the Z gene. Therefore, whereas in these other psittacines the corresponding ATP5A1Z protein fragment is highly conserved and varies by only a few, moderately conservative amino acid substitutions, the homologous ATP5A1W fragments contain a considerable number of, sometimes highly nonconservative, amino acid replacements. In one of these species, the ringneck parakeet (Psittacula krameri), the ATP5A1W gene is present in an inactive form because of the presence of a nonsense codon. Other changes, possibly leading to an inactive ATP5A1W gene product, involve the substitution of arginine residues by cysteine in the ATP5A1W protein of the mitred conure (Aratinga mitrata) and the blue and gold macaw (Ara ararauna). The data suggest also that although the divergence of the psittacine ATP5A1W and ATP5A1Z genes preceded the origin of the psittacidae, this divergence occurred independently of a similar process in the myna (Gracula religiosa), the outgroup used in this study.

  5. Toros sediri (Cedrus libani A. Rich. ağaçlandırmalarının gelişimi ile yetişme ortamı özellikleri arasındaki ilişkiler

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Rıza KARATAŞ

    2017-07-01

    Full Text Available Bu çalışma, Eskişehir, Afyonkarahisar ve Ankara illerindeki toros sediri (Cedrus libani A. Rich. ağaçlandırmalarının boy gelişimi ile bazı yetişme ortamı özellikleri arasındaki ilişkileri belirlemek amacıyla yapılmıştır. Örneklemeler bakı, yükselti, eğim, yamaç konumu ve meşcere gelişimi bakımından farklılık gösteren 55 alanda yürütülmüştür. Her örnek alanda meşcere üst boyunda bulunan bir ağaç kesilmiş ve toprak çukuru açılarak belirlenen horizonlardan toprak örnekleri alınmıştır. Laboratuvarda toprak örneklerinin bazı fiziksel ve kimyasal özellikleri belirlenmiştir. Toros sediri ağaçlandırmalarının gelişimi ile iklim özellikleri arasındaki ilişkileri belirlemek amacıyla örnek alanlara en yakın mesafede bulunan meteoroloji istasyonu verileri kullanılmıştır. Örnek alanlardaki ağaçların üst boy değerleri ile edafik, klimatik ve fizyografik faktörler arasındaki ilişkiler korelasyon, aşamalı regresyon ve regresyon ağacı yöntemleri ile değerlendirilmiştir.Örnek alanlardaki ağaçların üst boy değerleri ile fizyografik yetişme ortamı faktörlerinden enlem ve yamaç konumu; iklim özelliklerinden ortalama yüksek sıcaklık, potansiyel evapotranspirasyon, su fazlası, en soğuk ayın ortalama sıcaklığı, en sıcak ayın ortalama sıcaklığı ve dört yaz ayının ortalama sıcaklığı; toprak özelliklerinden toz miktarı arasında istatistiksel bakımdan önemli ilişkiler bulunmuştur.Sedir ağaçlandırmalarının boy büyümesi aşamalı regresyon analizi ve regresyon ağacı tekniği kullanılarak modellenmiştir. Uygulanan bu analizler sonucunda, boy gelişimini en iyi açıklayan kestirim modeli %65,6 ile regresyon ağacı tekniği kullanılarak elde edilmiştir.

  6. Temel Tepki Öğretimi-TTÖ (Pivotal Response Treatment-PRT İle Gerçekleştirilen Etkililik Araştırmalarının Betimsel Analizi

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Özlem TOPER-KORKMAZ

    2013-01-01

    Full Text Available Temel Tepki Öğretimi (TTÖ Amerika Ulusal Otizm Merkezi (NAC, 2009 tarafından yayınlanmış olan Ulusal Standartlar Raporun’da otizmli çocukların eğitimde kullanılan bilimsel dayanaklı uygulamalardan bir tanesi olarak kabul edilmektedir. TTÖ hem uygulamalı davranış analizi ilkelerine dayanan hem de doğal bir öğretim yöntemidir. Yöntem öğrenci merkezli ve aile eğitimi esaslı olup çocuklara belli temel davranışları kazandırmayı ve buna bağlı olarakta hedeflenmeyen başka alanlarda da ilerlemeler sağlanacağını savunur. Bu çalışmada TTÖ’ne yönelik bir alan yazın çalışması amaçlanmış ve bu amaçla 1995 ile 2011 yılları arasında TTÖ ile gerçekleştirilmiş olan 16 etkililik araştırmasına ulaşılarak bu araştımalar betimsel olarak analiz edilmiştir. Elde edilen bulgular TTÖ’nün okul öncesi ve ilköğretim dönemindeki otizm spektrum bozukluğu gösteren çocuklara ifade edici dil becerilerinin kazandırılmasında, sosyal becerilerin ve oyun becerilerinin öğretiminde etkili olduğunu göstermektedir Pivotal Response Treatment (PRT is one of evidence based treatments identified in the US National Autism Center's National Standards Report published in 2009. PRT is a comprehensive instructional model based on developmental approach and applied behavior analysis principles to provide learning opportunities for supporting children in their natural environments. PRT is a student-centered and parent-training based procedure and advocates that if children achieve some pivotal behaviors, it provides positive effects on untargeted behaviors and also if these pivotal behaviors are achieved once, results will be common and generalizable. The purpose of this study is, by using descriptive analysis, to review the sixteen effectiveness studies of PRT published in 1995-2011. Results of review showed that PRT is an effective procedure on language skills, social skills and play skills of preschool and

  7. Bilgisayar Destekli Hikaye Anlatımı Yöntemi: Alanyazın Araştırması

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Gökben Turgut

    2015-04-01

    Full Text Available ÖzHikaye anlatım yöntemi, eğitimin bir çok alanında, neredeyse tüm kademelerinde geçmişten günümüze en sık kullanılan yöntemlerden birisi olmuştur. Bunun en büyük nedenlerinden birisi hikayelerin eğlenceli bir tarafının bulunması olarak gösterilebilir. Bunun yanında hikayeler, bireylerin problem çözme becerilerini, hayal güçlerini geliştirmekte ve yaratıcılıklarını desteklemekte, dil ve sosyal gelişimlerini olumlu yönde etkilemektedir. Teknolojinin hızla gelişmesi ile birlikte hikaye kullanımında "dijital hikaye/öykü" isimli yeni bir kavram ortaya çıkmıştır. Dijital hikaye anlatma; interaktif dijital bir ortamda, ses, resim, grafik, hareketli grafik, görüntü, müzik ve metne dayalı anlatımın sunulması süreci olarak tanımlanmaktadır. Dijital hikaye, sanal ortamları kullanarak öğrencilerin birer hikaye yapılandırıcısı, hikaye anlatıcısı olmalarını sağlamaktır. Böylelikle, bir konu hakkında kendi hikayesini yazan bir birey sentez-değerlendirme gibi üst düzey bilişsel etkinlikler içerisinde yer alarak daha kalıcı bir öğrenme gerçekleştirebilir. Bu potansiyeli ile dijital hikaye kavramı eğitim içerisinde daha büyük bir öneme sahip olması gereken bir alan olarak görülmelidir. Araştırmanın amacı; bilgisayar destekli hikaye anlatımı yöntemini konu alan çalışmaları incelemektir. Araştırmanın yöntemi döküman incelemesi olarak belirlenmiştir. Doküman incelemesi; araştırılan konu hakkında bilgilerin yer aldığı yazılı materyallerin analizini ifade etmektedir. Bu amaç doğrultusunda konu üzerinde son yedi yılda (2007-2014 yapılan çalışmalara elektronik veritabanları kullanılarak ulaşılmaya çalışılmıştır. Alanyazın taraması kapsamında 21 çalışma incelenmiş, makale seçiminde dijital öyküleme yönteminin kullanıldığı uygulama örneklerini içeriyor olması kriter olarak belirlenmiştir. Yapılan ara

  8. 4. Sınıf Öğrencilerinin Üstbilişsel Okuma Stratejilerini Kullanma Durumları ve Bu Stratejilerle Okuduğunu Anlama Arasındaki İlişki 4th Grade Students' Using Metacognitive Reading Strategies Conditions and between the Relationship Reading Comprehension and Using These Strategies

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Mustafa BAŞARAN

    2013-09-01

    Full Text Available Aim of this study is to determine that 4th grade students' usingmetacognitive reading strategies conditions and the relationshipbetween reading comprehension rates and using these strategies ratesin this grade. The Research method of this study is relational scan thatis a descriptive method. The universe of the study is 4th grade students,who attend state elementary schools in the center of Kütahya provincein 2012-2013 academic season. The sample of study is 89 4th gradestudents, who were selected from this universe. The study consists offour parts. In the first chapter, Metacognition and metacognitive readingstrategies are discussed. The method of study is explained in the secondchapter. The findings and the comments are available in the thirdsection. In the last chapter, there are the results of the study and thediscussing of results. According to the results of study, 4th gradestudents’ use often before reading, during reading and after readingmetacognitive reading strategies but students use fewer strategies forremembering. The gender of students has no significant effect on usingmetacognitive reading strategies However, the branch has significanteffect on the rate of use metacognitive reading strategies. According tothe results of the research there is not a significant relationshipbetween using metacognitive reading strategies rates andunderstanding. Bu araştırmada 4. sınıf öğrencilerinin üstbilişsel okuma stratejilerini kullanma durumlarının ve bu sınıf seviyesindeki öğrencilerin üstbilişsel okuma stratejilerini kullanma oranı ile okuduğunu anlamaları arasındaki ilişkinin tespiti amaçlanmıştır. Araştırmanın yöntemi, betimsel yöntemlerden, ilişkisel taramadır. Araştırmanın çalışma evreni 2012-2013 eğitim öğretim yılında Kütahya il merkezindeki ilkokullarda öğrenimine devam eden 4. sınıf öğrencileridir. Araştırmanın örneklemini ise bu evrenden rastgele seçilen bir devlet okulunun

  9. Progressively Communicating Rich Telemetry from Autonomous Underwater Vehicles via Relays

    Science.gov (United States)

    2012-06-01

    significant research on higher networking layers[19]. NumerousMe- dia Access Control (MAC) protocols, including MACA [57], MACAW[11] FAMA derivatives...306820. [57] Phil (KA9Q) Karn. MACA - a new channel access method for packet radio. In 9th ARRL Computer Networking Conference, London, Ontario, Canada

  10. The Fourth Flight of CHESS: Analysis of Interstellar H2 on the γ Ara Sightline

    Science.gov (United States)

    Kruczek, Nick E.; France, Kevin; Nell, Nicholas; Fleming, Brian

    2018-06-01

    In this talk, we describe the scientific motivation and technical development of the Colorado High-resolution Echelle Stellar Spectrograph (CHESS) sounding rocket, focusing on the preliminary science results for the fourth launch of the payload (CHESS-4). CHESS is a far ultraviolet rocket-borne instrument designed to study the atomic-to-molecular transitions within translucent cloud regions in the interstellar medium. CHESS-4 launched on 13 April 2018 aboard NASA/CU sounding rocket mission 36.333 UG. The target for this flight was γ Ara, a B1I star that is known to display a variable and equatorially enhanced stellar wind. We present flight results of interstellar molecular hydrogen excitation, including initial measurements of the column density and temperature, on the sightline. These results are compared to previous values that were calculated using the damping wings of low-J H2 absorption features in Copernicus spectra. We also present analogous flight data for the sightline toward β Sco, finding that the derived column density of the J” = 1 rotational level differs by a factor of ~2 when compared to the previous observations. We discuss the discrepancies between the two measurements and show that the source of the difference is likely due to the opacity of higher rotational levels contributing to the J” = 1 absorption wing, increasing the inferred column density in the previous work.

  11. Sağlık Kurumlarında Çalışanların Kurumda Kalma ya da Ayrılma Kararlarının Belirlenmesinde Örgütsel Bağlılığın Etkisi: İzmir İlinde Bir Araştırma

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Suna AKÇA

    2017-12-01

    Full Text Available Sağlık hizmetlerinde hastalara güvenli ve kaliteli sağlık hizmeti sunmak kadar sağlık hizmet sunucularının memnuniyeti ve kuruma bağlılıkları da o kadar önemlidir. Daha verimli ve performansı yüksek çalışmayı amaç edinen sağlık kurum ve kuruluşları, çalışanlarının örgütsel bağlılıklarını artırmak için çeşitli politikalar geliştirmek zorundadırlar. Bu çalışma İzmir’de bulunan bir kamu diş merkezinde sağlık çalışanlarının örgütsel bağlılıkları ve işten ayrılma eğilimleri arasındaki ilişkiyi test etmek için yapılmıştır. Araştırma konularının arasındaki ilişkiyi test etmek için Allen ve Mayer tarafından geliştirilen “Örgütsel Bağlılık Ölçeği” kullanılmıştır. Araştırma sonuçları; sağlık çalışanlarının örgütsel bağlılıklarının düzeylerinin düşük olduğuna, örgütsel bağlılık faktörleri arasında pozitif bir ilişkinin mevcut olduğuna ve işten ayrılma düzeyleri ile negatif orantı gösterdiğine işaret etmektedir. Anahtar Kelimeler: Sağlık Kurumları, Örgütsel Bağlılık, İşten Ayrılma JEL Sınıflandırma Kodları: I19, M19

  12. African Journal of Biotechnology - Vol 12, No 5 (2013)

    African Journals Online (AJOL)

    Fruit maturation and in vitro germination of macaw palm embryos · EMAIL FREE FULL TEXT EMAIL FREE FULL TEXT · DOWNLOAD FULL TEXT DOWNLOAD FULL TEXT. Priscila Oliveira Silva, Leonardo Monteiro Ribeiro, Maria Olívia Mercadante Simões, Paulo Sérgio Nascimento Lopes, Teddy Marques Farias, Queila ...

  13. A review of the palm genus Acrocomia: Neotropical green gold

    Science.gov (United States)

    The genus Acrocomia, popularly known as macaw palm or macaúba, occurs in savanna areas and open forests of tropical America, with distribution from Central to southern South America. They are important oleaginous palm trees, due to their role in ecosystems, local economies, and their potential for b...

  14. OCP: Opportunistic Carrier Prediction for Wireless Networks

    Science.gov (United States)

    2008-08-01

    Many protocols have been proposed for medium access control in wireless networks. MACA [13], MACAW [3], and FAMA [8] are the earlier proposals for...world performance of carrier sense. In Proceedings of ACM SIGCOMM E-WIND Workshop, 2005. [13] P. Karn. MACA : A new channel access method for packet radio

  15. Elaboration and Characterization of Apple Nectars Supplemented with Araçá-boi (Eugenia stipitata Mac Vaugh—Myrtaceae

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Tatiana Ferrari Baldini

    2017-12-01

    Full Text Available Fruits and vegetables are known as sources of nutritionally important phytochemicals, such as phenolic compounds, and Brazilian biodiversity may be hiding many underexplored fruits with potential health benefits. In this study, we formulated a fruit-based beverage by supplementing known amounts of freeze-dried araçá-boi (Eugenia stipitata (FD to a commercial apple nectar in order to evaluate the impact in terms of nutritional (level of phenolic compounds, flavonoids and antioxidant capacity and sensory parameters. The best acceptance was evidenced for the apple nectar supplemented with 1 g/L of FD, while no statistically significant changes were obtained for non-supplemented apple nectar and apple nectar supplemented with 5 or 10 g/L FD. Lower acceptances for apple nectars supplemented with 15, 20 or 30 g/L FD were suggested to be caused by an increase in acidity. In general, total phenols, flavonoids and antioxidant capacity (DPPH, TEAC and ORAC increased with the supplementation level, although not always a statistically significant difference was observed. When compared to control (non-supplemented, the apple nectar supplemented with 10 g/L FD presented a significant increase in total phenols, flavonoids and antioxidant capacity (except for ORAC assay, and therefore this level of supplementation was considered ideal, considering both nutritional and sensory properties.

  16. FERREIRA, Maria Alice Araújo; SOUZA, Germana Henriques Pereira de; GOROVITZ, Sabine (Org. Ensaios de Teoria e Prática de Tradução. A tradução na sala de aula. (Org.. Brasília: Editora da UnB, 2014. 219 p.

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Marie Hélène C. Torres

    2014-12-01

    Full Text Available Ensaios de Teoria e Prática de Tradução. A tradução na sala de aula. Maria Alice Araújo Ferreira, Germana Henriques Pereira de Souza e Sabine Gorovitz (Org., Brasília: Editora da UnB, 2014. 219 p.

  17. P-20: Osteitis Pubisli Futbolcularda İnguinal Herni Varlığının Araştırılması

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Ali Eraslan

    2017-03-01

    Full Text Available GİRİŞ: Kasık ağrıları futbolda önemli sağlık problemlerindendir. Nedenleri arasında sıklıkla kas-tendon zorlanmaları, avülsiyon kırıkları, osteitis pubis, inguinal herni (gerçek herni kesesi varlığı ve sporcu hernisi (gerçek herni kesesi yokluğu bulunmaktadır.AMAÇ: Bu çalışmada osteitis pubis tanısı almış futbolcularda eski veya mevcut inguinal herni varlığını araştırmak amaçlandı.GEREÇ-YÖNTEM: Spor hekimliği polikliniğine 2011-2016 yılları arasında kasık ağrısıyla başvurmuş ve osteitis pubis tanısı almış erkek futbolcuların arşiv kayıtları retrospektif olarak tarandı. Sporcuların demografik özellikleri, MR görüntüleri ve varsa inguinal USG tetkik sonuçları incelendi. BULGULAR: Arşiv kayıtlarından profesyonel veya rekreasyonel olarak futbol oynayan 51 osteitis pubisli sporcunun MR görüntülerine ulaşıldı. Yaş ortalaması 24.5 (±7.7 yıl bulundu. İnguinal herniyle ilişkili 8 (%15.6 osteitis pubis olgusu bulundu. 3 sporcu (%5.8 polikliniğimize başvurmadan önce inguinal herni operasyonu geçirmişti. 26 sporcuya ise kasık ağrısıyla beraber herni semptomları da (valsalva ile artan inguinal ağrı ve/veya şişlik tarifledikleri için herni muayenesi ve inguinal USG uygulanmıştı. Bunların sadece 5’i (%9.8 gerçek herni kesesi saptanarak cerrahiye sevk edilmişti. 8 olgunun 7'sinde inguinal herniyle ipsilateral osteitis pubis bulguları kontrlateraldekinden daha belirgindi.TARTIŞMA: Çalışmamızın sonuçları osteitis pubisli futbolcularda eş zamanlı inguinal herni olabileceğini ve önceden inguinal herni tamiri geçirmiş bir futbolcuda osteitis pubis gelişebildiğini göstermiştir. Bunun yanında, inguinal duvardaki defektle ipsilateral pubik ramusta daha belirgin osteitis pubis bulgularının oluşu iki patolojiye yol açan mekanizmaların ortak olabileceğine işaret etmektedir. İnguinal herninin tedavisinde cerrahi girişim esastır ve s

  18. A Sonorous Invention by Almeida Prado of Hilda Hilst’s Pequenos funerais cantantes ao poeta Carlos Maria de Araújo

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    Tadeu Moraes Taffarello

    2016-09-01

    Full Text Available This study attempts to analyze Pequenos funerais cantantes ao poeta Carlos Maria de Araújo for choir and orchestra written in 1969 by Almeida Prado. This piece became relevant in Prado’s career after winning the I Music Festival of Guanabara. The methodology sought to understand the relationship between the homonymous poem by Hilda Hilst and the its poetic-musical reinvention composed by Almeida Prado by identifying the various compositional procedures employed in all eight parts of the piece. In conclusion, we noticed that the Pequenos funerais cantantes behaves as eight miniatures articulated mainly by differences between the various parts, possibly having, however, a relationship between some, by the use of similar or contrasting compositional procedures. With the analysis in hand, it was possible to achieve a synthesis of the compositional procedures employed in the piece and determine that they had been learned during Almeida Prado’s development as a composer, particularly the period when his main tutors were Camargo Guarnieri (1960-1965 and Gilberto Mendes (1965-1969.

  19. Türkiye’de Franchising Sisteminin Gelişimi ve Franchise Alan Girişimcilerin İş Memnuniyeti Belirleyicilerinin Analizi Üzerine Bir Araştırma

    OpenAIRE

    Nart, Sima

    2005-01-01

    Bu çalışmada, Türkiye’de Franchising sisteminin gelişimi ve bugünkü konumu incelendikten sonra Ulusal Franchising Derneği (UFRAD) üyesi Franchise-veren firmalardan Franchise-alan girişimcilerin iş memnuniyetlerini belirleyen etkenler üzerine bir anket çalışması yapılmıştır. Bulgular, franchise-alan işletmelerin memnuniyetlerinde sistem motivasyonu, işbirliği, güç dengesi, beklentiler ve franchise veren firmanın imajının belirleyici rol oynadığını göstermektedir. Araştırma sonuçları franchisev...

  20. Fludarabine-mediated circumvention of cytarabine resistance is associated with fludarabine triphosphate accumulation in cytarabine-resistant leukemic cells.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Yamamoto, Shuji; Yamauchi, Takahiro; Kawai, Yasukazu; Takemura, Haruyuki; Kishi, Shinji; Yoshida, Akira; Urasaki, Yoshimasa; Iwasaki, Hiromichi; Ueda, Takanori

    2007-02-01

    The combination of cytarabine (ara-C) with fludarabine is a common approach to treating resistant acute myeloid leukemia. Success depends on a fludarabine triphosphate (F-ara-ATP)-mediated increase in the active intracellular metabolite of ara-C, ara-C 5'-triphosphate (ara-CTP). Therapy-resistant leukemia may exhibit ara-C resistance, the mechanisms of which might induce cross-resistance to fludarabine with reduced F-ara-ATP formation. The present study evaluated the effect of combining ara-C and fludarabine on ara-C-resistant leukemic cells in vitro. Two variant cell lines (R1 and R2) were 8-fold and 10-fold more ara-C resistant, respectively, than the parental HL-60 cells. Reduced deoxycytidine kinase activity was demonstrated in R1 and R2 cells, and R2 cells also showed an increase in cytosolic 5'-nucleotidase II activity. Compared with HL-60 cells, R1 and R2 cells produced smaller amounts of ara-CTP. Both variants accumulated less F-ara-ATP than HL-60 cells and showed cross-resistance to fludarabine nucleoside (F-ara-A). R2 cells, however, accumulated much smaller amounts of F-ara-ATP and were more F-ara-A resistant than R1 cells. In HL-60 and R1 cells, F-ara-A pretreatment followed by ara-C incubation produced F-ara-ATP concentrations sufficient for augmenting ara-CTP production, thereby enhancing ara-C cytotoxicity. No potentiation was observed in R2 cells. Nucleotidase might preferentially degrade F-ara-A monophosphate over ara-C monophosphate, leading to reduced F-ara-ATP production and thereby compromising the F-ara-A-mediated potentiation of ara-C cytotoxicity in R2 cells. Thus, F-ara-A-mediated enhancement of ara-C cytotoxicity depended on F-ara-ATP accumulation in ara-C-resistant leukemic cells but ultimately was associated with the mechanism of ara-C resistance.

  1. Perfil epidemiológico da hanseníase na microrregião de araçuaí e sua relação com ações de controle Perfil epidemiológico de la lepra en la micro región de araçuaí y su relación con las acciones de control Epidemiological profile of leprosy at the microregion of araçuaí and its relation with actions control

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Francisco Carlos Félix Lana

    2011-03-01

    Full Text Available A hanseníase representa um problema de saúde pública no Brasil pelos altos índices de prevalência e incidência. O objetivo deste estudo é analisar a situação epidemiológica da hanseníase e sua relação com o desenvolvimento das ações de controle na microrregião de Araçuaí. Trata-se de estudo epidemiológico, descritivo, cujos dados foram coletados das fichas de notificação de casos de hanseníase de municípios da microrregião, período 1998-2007, disponibilizados no Sistema de Informação de Agravos de Notificação - SINAN. Foram construídos e analisados indicadores epidemiológicos e operacionais preconizados pelo Ministério da Saúde. Foram notificados 343 casos, resultando em uma detecção geral média de 28,5 casos/100.000 habitantes/ano. A proporção de casos detectados com grau II de incapacidade e o predomínio de formas passivas de detecção sugerem diagnóstico tardio e corroboram a importância da integração das ações de controle da hanseníase na atenção básica.La lepra representa un problema de salud pública en Brasil debido a los altos índices de detección y prevalencia. El objetivo de este estudio es analizar la situación epidemiológica de la lepra y su relación con acciones de control en micro región de Araçuaí en el periodo 1998-2007. El estudio es epidemiológico, descriptivo y los dados fueran recogidos de formularios de notificación de casos de lepra de las ciudades de la región, período 1998-2007, disponible en el Sistema de Información de Agravos de Notificación - SINAN. Indicadores operacionales y epidemiológicos fueran construidos y analizados de acuerdo con los parámetros del Ministerio de la Salud. En el periodo, 343 casos de lepra fueran notificados y la detección fue 28,5 casos/100.000 habitantes/año. La proporción de casos detectados con el grado de incapacidad II y la prevalencia de las formas pasivas de detección sugiere un diagnóstico tardío y confirma la

  2. Ankara’daki Üniversite ve Halk Kütüphanelerinde Çalışan Kütüphanecilerin İş Doyumları Üzerine Bir Araştırma =A Research on Job Satisfaction of Librarians Employed at University and Public Libraries in Ankara

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    Yılmaz, Bülent

    2010-04-01

    Full Text Available Kişinin yaptığı işten hoşnut olması anlamına gelen iş doyumu genelde ve kütüphanecilik alanı açısından işteki başarı ve verimliliği etkileyen, aynı zamanda insanın yaşamdan doyum almasına önemli katkıda bulunan çok boyutlu bir olgudur. Bu çalışmada, öncelikle iş doyumu hakkında genel ve kütüphanecilik temelli kuramsal bilgi verilmiştir. Daha sonra yapılan araştırma sonuçları değerlendirilmiş ve konu ile ilgili öneriler sunulmuştur. Bu çalışmaya konu olan araştırma Ankara'da bulunan üniversite ve halk kütüphanelerinde çalışan kütüphaneciler üzerinde gerçekleştirilmiştir. Ankara'daki on üniversite kütüphanesinden 69, altı halk kütüphanesinden 20 olmak üzere toplam 89 kütüphaneciye Mayıs 2009 tarihinde anket uygulanmıştır. Anket için Spector'un "İş Doyumu Ölçeği" temel alınmıştır. Araştırmada elde edilen sonuçlara göre, üniversite ve halk kütüphanelerinde çalışan kütüphanecilerin genelde iş doyumları arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir fark bulunmadığı, ancak, bazı unsurlar arasında anlamlı farklılıklar olduğu saptanmıştır.Job satisfaction, which signifi es an individual's happiness in his/her occupation, is a multidimensional case that aff ects success and productivity at work, in general terms and in the fi eld of librarianship. This article off ers primarily general information on job satisfaction and librarianship-based theoretical information. It also evaluates the conclusions of a questionnaire and off ers related suggestions. The research focused on the librarians employed at university and public libraries in Ankara. A questionnaire was administered in May 2009 to 69 university librarians and 20 others employed by public libraries, bringing the total to 89 professional men and women. The questionnaire has been based on the Spector's "Job Satisfaction Survey". According to the conclusions that may be derived from the research

  3. Kınalı Keklik (Alectoris chukar) Lens’inin Işık Mikroskopik Düzeyde Araştırılması

    OpenAIRE

    KULOĞLU, Hatice Yaren

    2016-01-01

    Bu çalışmada kınalı keklik (Alectoris chukar) lens’inin ışık mikroskobik düzeyde araştırılması amaçlandı. Çalışma materyali olarak 6 adet kınalı keklik göz lens’leri kullanıldı. Lens’in; lens kapsülü, subkapsüler epitel ve lens cismi olmak üzere üç tabakadan oluştuğu belirlendi. Lens kapsülünün, lensi dıştan sardığı ve ön yüzde biraz kalınlaşmış olduğu gözlendi. Subkapsüler epitelde sadece lens’in ön yüzünde tek sıra halinde kübik epitel hücreleri vardı. Lens cisminin başlıca lens fibrillerin...

  4. Annelerin çocuklarındaki ateşle ilgili bilgi tutum ve davrnışları Orijinal Araştırma

    OpenAIRE

    Baysoy, Gökhan; Aydoğmuş, Tuğba; Akın, Demet; Uyan, Ayten Pamukçu

    2014-01-01

    Amaç: Annelerin ateş konusundaki bilgi düzeylerinin bu bilginin kaynağının saptanması ateş karşısındaki tutum davranış ve korkularının belirlenmesi amaçlanmıştır Ayrıca ateş konusunda daha önceden bilgilendirilmiş ve bilgilendirilmemiş anneler ateş konusundaki bilgi düzeyleri yaklaşımları terece ve ateş düşürücü kullanımları açıından karşılaştırılmıştır Gereç ve Yöntem: Çalışmaya Abant İzzet Baysal Üniversitesi ve Bolu’daki sağlık merkezlerine Ocak Temmuz 2004 tarihleri arasında başvuran 285 ...

  5. Konaklama İşletmeleri Yöneticilerinin Stres Nedenlerinin Belirlenmesinde Cinsiyet Faktörü: Adana’da Ampirik Bir Araştırma

    OpenAIRE

    Sökmen, Alptekin

    2005-01-01

    Stres, son yıllarda sıkça duyulan ve kullanılan bir kelime olmakla birlikte, stres kavramı literatürde uzun yıllardır hem nedenleri, hem de sonuçları açısından çeşitli araştırmalara konu olmuştur. Sektörün kendine özgü yapısı nedeniyle, günlük iş hayatları kapsamında çeşitli kritik kararlar verme durumunda kalan otel yöneticileri açısından da stres, önemli bir problem olarak kabul edilmektedir. Bu çalışmada, Adana ilinde faaliyet gösteren dört ve beş yıldızlı otel işletmelerinde görev yapan o...

  6. Avaliação da densidade populacional e regeneração natural do palmito juçara (Euterpe edulis Mart. no município de São João Evangelista-MG

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Paulo do Nascimento

    2015-07-01

    Full Text Available Este trabalho foi desenvolvido em uma população de E. edulis (palmito juçara em uma área de 4.5 hectares da fazenda Nova Granja de 363 hectares, em São João Evangelista, MG. Objetivou-se analisar a estrutura populacional dessa espécie em Floresta Estacional Semidecidual Montana, compreender sua dinâmica e contribuir com informações  sobre o manejo sustentado de E. edulis nesse tipo de ambiente. Os dados da população foram coletados em 10 parcelas de 10 x 15 m, alocadas em três transectos dispostos em nordeste-sudoeste, com 175 m de distância entre si. Coletaram-se dados referentes a cinco estádios de desenvolvimento (Jovem I, Jovem II, Imaturo I, Imaturo II e Adulto e avaliaram-se a densidade e a regeneração dessa população. Foi encontrado grande percentual de Jovem I. Adultos com altura de inserção foliar entre 14,3 e 18,3 m foram a classe mais frequente nessa população. A densidade populacional apresentou-se relativamente alta (0,74/m2; a população possui distribuição em “J” invertido, sendo uma população em estado natural de conservação. Palavras-chave: Palmeira juçara. “J” invertido. Arecaceae.

  7. Extensional collapse in the Neoproterozoic Araçuaí orogen, eastern Brazil: a setting for reactivation of asymmetric crenulation cleavage

    Science.gov (United States)

    Marshak, Stephen; Alkmim, Fernando F.; Whittington, Alan; Pedrosa-Soares, Antônio Carlos

    2006-01-01

    The Araçuaí orogen of eastern Brazil is one of many Brasiliano/Pan African orogens formed during the Neoproterozoic assembly of Gondwana. Its western edge, bordering the São Francisco craton, is the Serra do Espinhaço fold-thrust belt, in which top-up-to-the-west (reverse-sense) faults, west-verging folds (F 1), and east-dipping spaced to phyllitic cleavage (S 1) developed. We have found that the kinematics of deformation changes markedly at the hinterland margin of this fold-thrust belt. Here, beneath a plateau known as the Chapada Acauã, metadiamictite and fine-grained pelitic schist comprise an east-dipping belt that contains an assemblage of structures indicative of top-down-to-the-east (normal-sense) shear. This assemblage includes a cascade of F 2 folds that refold F 1 folds and verge down the dip of the belt's enveloping surfaces, vertical tension gashes, and top-down-to-the-east rotated clasts. Based on the presence of these structures, we propose that the plateau exposes a regional-scale normal-sense shear zone, here called the Chapada Acauã shear zone (CASZ). Because F 2 folds refold F 1 folds, normal-sense shear in the CASZ occurred subsequent to initial west-verging thrusting. Considering this timing of motion in the CASZ, we suggest that the zone accommodated displacement of the internal zone of the Araçuaí orogen down, relative to its foreland fold-thrust belt, and thus played a role in extensional collapse of the orogen. The CASZ trends parallel to preserved thrusts to the west, and thus may represent an inverted thrust fault. Notably, throughout the CASZ, S 1 schistosity has been overprinted by a pervasive, west-dipping asymmetric crenulation cleavage (S 2). The sigmoid shape of S 1 surfaces in S 2 microlithons require that slip on each S 2 surface was top-down-to-the-west. S 2 cleavage is axial-planar to the down-dip verging F 2 folds. Based on its geometry, we suggest that S 2 cleavage initiated either as an antithetic extensional

  8. Noteworthy bird records at Lagoa Santa, southeastern Brazil Registros notáveis de aves em Lagoa Santa, sudeste do Brasil

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    Marcos Rodrigues

    2008-03-01

    Full Text Available Lagoa Santa, a small town in southeastern Brazil where naturalist Peter Lund lived, is regarded nowadays as an important historical site for the biological sciences. From 1847 to 1855, J.T. Reinhardt, hosted by Lund, collected 343 bird species. This material is an outstanding reference for many modern ornithological studies. The present paper reports the occurrence of some rare and threatened birds for the region of Lagoa Santa between 1998 and 2005. In this account I list the Rusty-margined Guan Penelope superciliaris Temminck, 1815; the Roseate Spoonbill Platalea ajaja Linnaeus, 1758; the Maguari Stork Ciconia maguari (Gmelin, 1789; the Wood Stork Mycteria americana Linnaeus, 1758; the Black Hawk-eagle Spizaetus tyrannus (Wied, 1820 and the Turquoise-fronted Parrot Amazona aestiva (Linnaeus, 1758. It is also reported the southernmost record for the Blue-and-yellow Macaw Ara ararauna (Linnaeus, 1758 and the range extension of the Crowned Slaty flycatcher Griseotyrannus aurantioatrocristatus (d'Orbigny and Lafresnaye, 1837. These data can be used as a baseline for studies of colonization and extinction.Lagoa Santa, cidade onde viveu Peter Lund é um dos sítios de maior importância histórica para as ciências biológicas. Durante os anos de 1847 e 1855, J.T. Reinhardt, a convite de Lund, coletou 343 espécies de aves que são hoje referência para vários estudos ornitológicos. O presente artigo relata a ocorrência de algumas aves raras e/ou ameaçadas para a região de Lagoa Santa, entre 1998 e 2005. A lista de espécies inclui a jacupemba Penelope superciliaris Temminck, 1815, o colhereiro Platalea ajaja Linnaeus, 1758, a maguari Ciconia maguari (Gmelin, 1789, a cabeça-seca Mycteria americana Linnaeus, 1758, o gavião-pega-macaco Spizaetus tyrannus (Wied, 1820; e o papagaio-verdadeiro Amazona aestiva (Linnaeus, 1758. Relata-se também a ocorrência mais meridional da arara-canindé Ara ararauna (Linnaeus, 1758, e a expansão da distribui

  9. Avifauna de la selva baja caducifolia en la cañada del río Sabino, Oaxaca, México Avifauna of the tropical dry forest in the Sabino Canyon, Oaxaca, Mexico

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    Leopoldo Vázquez

    2009-08-01

    forest in Sabino Canyon is important for bird conservation due its richness in endemic birds and to the presence of an important reproductive colony of the Military Macaw, Ara militaris, a globally threatened bird species.

  10. S-05: Düzenli Fiziksel Aktivitenin Dikkat Eksikliği ve Hiperaktivite Bozukluğu Olan Çocuklardaki Etkisinin Araştırılması

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    Abdülaziz Türksoylu

    2017-03-01

    Full Text Available AMAÇ: Düzenli fiziksel aktivitenin 8-12 yaş arası Dikkat Eksikliği ve Hiperaktivite Bozukluğu (DEHB tanısı alan ve en az 6 ay stimülan tedavi kullanan çocuklar üzerindeki etkisinin araştırılması amaçlanmıştır.YÖNTEM: Randomize kontrollü olarak planlanan çalışmaya DEHB tanısı alan, 8-12 yaş arası, 46 erkek çocuk dahil edildi. 23 olgu kontrol grubu, diğer 23 olgu ise düzenli fiziksel aktivite (DFA grubu olmak üzere randomize edildi. Tüm olgulara DuPaul DEHB Değerlendirme Ölçeği, Çocuk için Yaşam Kalitesi Ölçeği (ÇİYKÖ 8-12 yaş grubu Ebeveyn ve Çocuk Formu ve Güçler Güçlükler Anketi (GGA uygulandı. Kontrol grubu 10 hafta boyunca mevcut stimülan tedaviyi almaya devam etti ve herhangi bir ek müdahale yapılmadı. DFA grubuna ise en az 60 dakika süren futbol antrenmanı, haftada 3 gün, 10 hafta boyunca yaptırıldı. DFA grubunda, izlemde 19 olgu düzenli fiziksel aktiviteye devam edebilmiş ve çalışmayı tamamlamıştır. 10 hafta sonunda tüm olgulara DuPaul DEHB Değerlendirme Ölçeği, ÇİYKÖ 8-12 yaş grubu Ebeveyn ve Çocuk Formu ve GGA tekrar uygulandı.BULGULAR: Çalışmamızda DFA grubu ve kontrol grubu yaş ortalamaları, DEHB alt tipleri ve Komorbidite dağılımları birbirine benzerdi. DFA grubunun fiziksel aktivite öncesi ve sonrası testleri karşılaştırıldığında; GGA alt ölçeklerinde duygusal, davranış, dikkat eksikliği ve aşırı hareketlilik, akran ilişkileri ve toplam güçlük puanlarında anlamlı azalma (p0,05.SONUÇ: Çalışma sonuçları, düzenli fiziksel aktivitenin stimülan tedavi alan DEHB tanısı olan çocukların DEHB belirtilerini, hastalığın şiddetini ve davranışsal sorunlarını azalttığını, çocukların yaşam kalitesi üzerine olumlu etkileri olduğunu göstermektedir. DEHB olan çocuklarda, stimülan tedaviye ek olarak düzenli fiziksel aktivitenin yapılması iyileşmeye katkıda bulunabilir.

  11. Records of Mesoproterozoic taphrogenic events in the eastern basement of the Araçuaí Orogen, southeast Brazil

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    Tobias Maia Rabelo Fonte-Boa

    Full Text Available ABSTRACT: The history of palaeocontinents alternates long fragmentation to drift periods with relatively short agglutination intervals. One of the products of a Rhyacian-Orosirian orogeny was a palaeocontinent that brought together the basement of the Araçuaí-West Congo orogen (AWCO with regions now located in the São Francisco and Congo cratons. From ca. 2 Ga to ca. 0.7 Ga, this large region of the São Francisco-Congo palaeocontinent was spared of orogenic events, but underwent at least five taphrogenic events recorded by anorogenic magmatism and/or sedimentation. The taphrogenic events are well documented in the AWCO proximal portions and neighboring cratonic regions, but lack evidence in the AWCO high-grade core. Our studies on amphibolites intercalated in the Rhyacian Pocrane complex, basement of the Rio Doce magmatic arc, allowed to the recognition of two Mesoproterozoic taphrogenic episodes. The oldest one, a Calymmian episode, is recorded by amphibolites with a zircon magmatic crystallization age at 1529 ± 37 Ma (U-Pb SHRIMP, and lithochemical signature of basaltic magmatism related to continental intraplate settings. Another set of amphibolite bodies records the youngest taphrogenic episode, a Stenian event, with a zircon magmatic crystallization age at 1096 ± 20 Ma (U-Pb SHRIMP, and lithochemical signature similar to mature magmatism of continental rift setting. The Calymmian episode (ca. 1.5 Ga correlates to the Espinhaço II basin stage and mafic dikes of the northern Espinhaço, Chapada Diamantina and Curaçá domains, while the Stenian episode (ca. 1.1 Ga correlates to the Espinhaço III basin stage. We also present U-Pb data for 87 detrital zircon grains from a quartzite lens intercalated in the Pocrane complex, the Córrego Ubá quartzite. Its age spectrum shows main peaks at 1176 ± 21 Ma (35%, 1371 ± 30 Ma (18%, 1536 ± 22 Ma (19%, 1803 ± 36 Ma (17% and 1977 ± 38 Ma (12%, suggesting a Stenian (ca. 1176 Ma maximum

  12. Ergenlerde parasosyal etkileşim: İnternette gerçek benlik, kendilik algısı ve sosyal kaygı arasındaki ilişkiler

    OpenAIRE

    AYTULUN, Gözde

    2015-01-01

    Bu çalışmanın temel amacı, ergenlik dönemindeki seyircilerin dizikarakterleriyle geliştirdikleri parasosyal etkileşim ile internette gerçek benlik,kendilik algısı ve sosyal kaygı arasındaki ilişkiyi incelemektir. Bu çalışmada,cinsiyet ve yaşlarına göre sınıflandırılan bireyler, parasosyal etkileşim, internettegerçek benlik, kendilik algısı ve sosyal kaygı değişkenlerinden aldıkları puanlaraçısından da karşılaştırılmışlardır. Son olarak da, parasosyal etkileşimle ilişkili olanve paras...

  13. Arañas (Arachnida : Araneae de un muestreo estival en el Robledal de Orgi, Valle de Ultzama (Navarra, Norte se España

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    A. de Castro, A. Barriuso

    2004-01-01

    Full Text Available Se ha realizado un análisis faunístico de las arañas capturadas en el Robledal de Orgi durante un muestreo estival del año 2002. Los métodos de captura utilizados fueron : batido de la vegetación, trampas de intercepción de suelo, bandeja de color y captura directa. En total se capturaron 350 individuos adultos y se determinaron 100 especies repartidas en 23 familias. Se encontraron 6 nuevas citas para la Peninsula Ibérica. La diversidad taxonómica del robledal fue alta compararda con otros bosques europeos, aunque no se muestreó de forma sistemática durante un ciclo anual completo y no se abarcó toda la heterogeneidad del bosque. La composición faunística presentó baja proporción de especies con preferencias forestales y alta de amplia distribución geográfica.

  14. Petrography, Gamma Radiation Measurements and Dose Rate, Northeastern Um Ara Area, South Eastern Desert, Egypt

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Moghazy, N.M.

    2016-01-01

    The northern part of Um Ara alkali feldspar micro granite has subjected to extensive post-magmatic metasomatic reworking resulting in development of amazonitized and albitized zones, reflecting K- and Na metasomatism leading to gross enrichment in U and Th towards the more evolved phases (e.g., albitized zones). Spectrometric survey data indicate that eU in Dokhan volcanics has the range of 2 to 42 ppm with an average value of 10 ppm and in monzogranites. It varies from 3 to 13 ppm with an average of 7 ppm while in alkali feldspar microgranites eU contents vary from 3 to 282 ppm with an average value of 30 ppm. The (eTh) contents in Dokhan volcanics ranges from 5-51 ppm with an average 18 ppm, in monzogranites their content was in the range of 11 to 47 ppm with an average value of 27 ppm where it ranges from 14 to 83 ppm with an average 46 ppm in alkali feldspar granite. The enhanced uranium content in altered zones was attributed to disseminated and fracture filling uranophane, autonite, in addition to other U and Th bearing minerals (such as columbite, zircon, monazite, xenotime and fluorite). Gamma-radiation dose rate and annual effective dose equivalents in mSv/y, Radium equivalent activity, external (H e x) and internal hazard index (H i n) and gamma activity index (Iγ) for all investigated samples were calculated to assess the potential radiation hazard for people living in dwellings made of the studied granites. Alkali feldspar granite activities would suggest that caution must be taken when using granites as building materials because they have radioactivity above the proposed acceptable level.

  15. Başkent Üniversitesi İstanbul Hastanesi’nde çalışan 20-64 yaş arası yetişkin bireylerde şekerli ve tatlandırıcılı içecek tüketiminin enerji alımı ve obezite üzerine etkisi

    OpenAIRE

    Terzioğlu, Emel

    2015-01-01

    Bu çalışma bireylerin şekerli ve tatlandırıcılı içecek tüketiminin enerji alımı ve obezite üzerini etkisini incelemek amacıyla yapılmıştır. Çalışma, Ağustos 2014- Kasım 2014 tarihleri arasında Başkent Üniversitesi İstanbul Hastanesi’nde doktor, hemşire ve diğer sağlık personeli ile hasta danışmanı olarak çalışan, yaşları 16-48 arasında değişen 100 ( 82 kadın, 18 erkek) sağlıklı birey üzerinde yürütülmüştür. Bireylerin kişisel bilgileri, genel sağlık durumları, yaşam tarzı alışkanlıkları ve te...

  16. Reactivation of inherited structures during the opening of the South Atlantic: a low-temperature thermochronology study on the Araçuaí orogenic belt (east Brazilian margin)

    Science.gov (United States)

    Van Ranst, Gerben; De Grave, Johan; Pedrosa-Soares, Antonio Carlos; Tack, Luc; Baudet, Daniel; Novo, Tiago

    2017-04-01

    A subject that has historically been regarded with increasing interest in geology are the supercontinent-cycles. This still poses questions about tectonic evolution on a regional scale, more precisely on the role of reactivation of older, pre-existing structures (inheritance), in which the same faults or weak zones are reactivated rather than the emergence of new systems. A region that is ideally suited for this research is the Araçuaí-West Congo Orogenic belt (AWCO), which is situated partly in eastern Brazil (Gonçalves et al., 2014) and partly in western Africa (D.R. Congo, Congo Brazza, Gabon and Angola; Frimmel et al., 2006; Tack et al., 2001). This orogenic belt was formed during the Cambrian as a result of a series of extension and compression events, of which the final phase is known as the Braziliano-Pan-African orogenesis (e.g. Pedrosa-Soares & Alkmim, 2011). During the break-up of Gondwana and the opening of the South Atlantic, the AWCO became separated. The main part is situated in east Brazil, known as the Araçuaí orogeny, while on the west African margin, the West Congo Belt is a witness to this event. In order to gain a better understanding, the tectonic movements should be placed in an absolute timeframe. Multi-method low-temperature thermochronology lends itself as an ideal tool for this purpose. In this study samples from N-S and E-W profiles in east Brazil (Caparáo-Vitória-Gov. Valadares) have been acquired. These samples are investigated using the apatite fission track (AFT) and apatite (U-Th-Sm)/He (AHe) methods. In a later phase the samples which were taken on profiles in the D.R. Congo (Lower Congo) will be analysed by the same methods. Preliminary results for the Brazilian margin indicate cooling ages ranging between 55 Ma and c. 80 Ma.

  17. FERREIRA, Maria Alice Araújo; SOUZA, Germana Henriques Pereira de; GOROVITZ, Sabine (Org. Ensaios de Teoria e Prática de Tradução. A tradução na sala de aula. (Org.. Brasília: Editora da UnB, 2014. 219 p.

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Marie Hélène C. Torres

    2014-12-01

    Full Text Available http://dx.doi.org/10.5007/2175-7968.2014v2n34p294 Ensaios de Teoria e Prática de Tradução. A tradução na sala de aula. Maria Alice Araújo Ferreira, Germana Henriques Pereira de Souza e Sabine Gorovitz (Org., Brasília: Editora da UnB, 2014. 219 p.

  18. FERREIRA, Maria Alice Araújo; SOUZA, Germana Henriques Pereira de; GOROVITZ, Sabine (Org.) Ensaios de Teoria e Prática de Tradução. A tradução na sala de aula. (Org.). Brasília: Editora da UnB, 2014. 219 p.

    OpenAIRE

    Torres, Marie Hélène C.

    2014-01-01

    http://dx.doi.org/10.5007/2175-7968.2014v2n34p294 Ensaios de Teoria e Prática de Tradução. A tradução na sala de aula. Maria Alice Araújo Ferreira, Germana Henriques Pereira de Souza e Sabine Gorovitz (Org.), Brasília: Editora da UnB, 2014. 219 p.

  19. Yabancı turistlerin Türk mutfağından beklentileri, yararlanma durumları ve Türk mutfağının turizme katkısı üzerine bir araştırma

    OpenAIRE

    AKMAN, Mehmet

    1998-01-01

          Bu araştırma, ülkemize gelen ve tatil köylerinde konaklayan yaban cı turistlerin Türk mutfağını tanıma düzeylerini Türk mutfağı ve yemeklerine ilişkin düşünceleri ile ülkemizdeki turistik tatil köylerinde verilen yiyecek-içecek hizmetler...

  20. Kepemimpinan Desa dan Pengelolaan Sumber Daya Alam Aras Lokal di Tiga Desa Lereng Gunung Ungaran, Jawa Tengah

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    Cahyo Seftyono

    2016-10-01

    Full Text Available The interaction between the village leader or Lurah and citizens can be regarded as a fundamental process. Because, in this level leaders and the led will be interact intensively. This is in contrast to the higher levels of government, for example, at the district level, the city, even at the national level. At this lowest level, interaction and relations, social control, policies, support, and the rejection of the program will often occur. In the context of the wider innovation, village leaders are also required to develop social capital in managing human resource potential that exists. Therefore, the development of village- based management of village, hence, the development effort is the development that relies on strength, characteristics, and independent initiative of the village. Interaksi antara kepala desa atau lurah dan warga di aras lokal dapat dikatakan sebagai proses yang fundamental. Sebab, pada level inilah pemimpin dan yang dipimpin akan bertemudan saling berinteraksi dan berrelasi secara intensif. Hal ini berbeda dengan level pemerintahan yang lebih tinggi, misalnya pada tingkat kecamatan, kabupaten/kota, bahkan pada level nasional. Pada level terendah inilah, interaksi dan relasi, kontrol sosial, kebijakan, dukungan, maupun penolakan pro-gram akan sering terjadi. Dalam konteks inovasi yang lebih luas, pemimpin-pemimpin desa juga di-tuntut untuk mengembangkan modal sosial dalam mengelola potensi sumber daya manusia yang ada. Sebab, pembangunan desa yang dilakukan berbasis pengelolaan sumber daya desa, maka, pem-bangunan yang diupayakan adalah pembangunan yang mengandalkan pada kekuatan, karakteris-tik, dan inisiatif mandiri desa.

  1. Keçi Sütünden Set-Tipi Yoğurt Üretiminde Ultrafiltrasyon (UF Tekniğinden Yararlanma Olanakları Üzerine Bir Araştırma

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    Metin Atamer

    2015-02-01

    Full Text Available Bu çalışmada ultrafiltrasyon (UF yöntemi ile keçi sütlerinin kurumadde içerikleri yaklaşık % 17 ve % 19'a yükseltilerek deneme örnekleri üretilmiş ve keçi sütü yoğurtlarının bazı kalite kriterleri incelenmiştir. Ayrıca karşılaştırma yapabilmek amacıyla daha önce gerçek­leştirilen bir araştırmada (Karademir, 2000 saptanan ulltrafiltre keçi sütü yoğurtlarının pıhtı stabilitesine ilişkin verileri (konsistens ve viskozite değerleri çalışma kapsamına alınmıştır. Yoğurt örneklerinin fiziksel, kimyasal ve duyusal değerlendirmeleri yapılmış ve bu niteliklerin 14 günlük depolama süresindeki değişimleri incelenmiştir. Sonuçta, A ve B örneklerinin özellikle konsistens ve viskozite değerleri arasında fark­lılık saptanmıştır (B örneği, A örneğine göre daha sıkı/kıvamlı yapıdadır. Ancak, panelistlerce, B örneğinin aşırı kıvamlı ve kremamsı bir yapıya sahip olduğu belirtilmiştir. Bu verilere dayanarak ultrafiltrasyon tekniği ile keçi sütünden yoğurt üretiminde optimum kurumadde oranının yaklaşık % 17 olduğunu ileri sürebiliriz.

  2. Meat quality attributes of the Longissimus lumborum muscle of the Kh'ara genotype of llama (Lama glama) reared extensively in northern Chile.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Mamani-Linares, L W; Gallo, C B

    2013-05-01

    Twenty male llama of the Kh'ara genotype, reared extensively in the north of Chile, were slaughtered at ages between 2 and 4 permanent teeth (2 to 3.5years) and analyses were carried out on the Longissimus lumborum muscle, including composition (moisture, fat, protein, ash, cholesterol, amino acids, fatty acid profile and collagen content) and meat quality parameters (pH, color, water holding capacity and Warner-Bratzler shear-force). Llama meat was characterized by a low cholesterol (39.04mg/100g) and intramuscular fat (1.56%) content, a total collagen content of 6.28mg/g, of which 20.28% was soluble collagen. Amino acid composition and fatty acid profile were similar to those found for beef finished on forage. Llama meat showed a low n-6/n-3 (4.69) and hypocholesterolemic/hypercholesterolemic (1.55) ratio and acceptable values of DFA (65.78%). Quality parameters in llama Longissimus muscle were within the ranges reported for more traditional meats such as beef and lamb. Copyright © 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

  3. Spatial and temporal abundance of three sylvatic yellow fever vectors in the influence area of the Manso hydroelectric power plant, Mato Grosso, Brazil.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Ribeiro, A L M; Miyazaki, R D; Silva, M; Zeilhofer, P

    2012-01-01

    Human biting catches of sylvatic yellow fever (SYF) vectors were conducted at eight stations in the influence area of the Manso hydroelectric power plant (Central Brazil) in sampling campaigns every 2 mo from July 2000 to November 2001. In total, 206 individuals were captured and classified as one of three species important for the transmission of SYF in Mato Grosso state: Haemagogus (Haemagogus) janthinomys (Dyar, 1921); Haemagogus (Conopostegus) leucocelaenus (Dyar & Shannon, 1924); and Sabethes (Sabethoides) chloropterus (Humboldt, 1819). The highest vector abundance was observed during the rainy season (November through March) and SYF vectors were present in all sampling points throughout the year, mainly in riparian and shadowed transitional forests at shadowed ramps.

  4. Mavi Yengecin (Callinectes Sapidus Rathbun 1896 Et Verimi ve Besin Madde İçeriği Üzerine bir Araştırma

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    Hasan H. Atar

    2015-02-01

    Full Text Available Bu araştırmada, mavi yengecin (Callinectes sapiduset verimi ile etinin kuru madde, su, ham protein, ham yağ ve ham kül gibi besin maddelerinin belirlenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Mavi yengecin canlı ağırlık ortalaması 128.044±10.71 g, ortalama toplam et miktarı 24.365±2.25 g ve toplam et verimi % 23.060 olarak saptanmıştır. Besin maddeleri ile ilgili analiz sonuçlarına göre; mavi yengecin etinde ortalama su, kuru madde, ham protein, ham yağ, ham kül, kalsiyum ve fosfor oranları kıskaçta sırasıyla %77.40, % 22.60, %17.60, % 0.22, % 3.20, %0.20, %0.18 ve abdomende sırasıyla %77.80, %22.20, %17.50, %2.40, %0.37, %0.09, % 0.04 olarak tespit edilmiştir.

  5. Catálogo de las arañas (Araneae de la Comunidad de Madrid

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Ferrández, M. A.

    2006-05-01

    Full Text Available In this catalogue we seek to compile information about spiders in Comunidad de Madrid in order to evaluate the level of our knowledge in the context of the Iberian fauna as well as to promote studies leading to their conservation. For this catalogue we have compiled information coming from both published and unpublished mentions from university thesis, classified specimens from the collections of the Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales and the results of a specific sampling carried out by M. A. Ferrández and H. Fernández de Céspedes in the San Agustín de Guadalix area. The nomenclature is based on Platnick’s world catalogue (2005 as well as on Morano’s work on the ibero-balearic fauna (2005 both available on the net. For each species we include: locality of record, UTM coordinates, original publication name and bibliographical references or museum where the material is kept. Madrid’s fauna of spiders has 261 species at present, belonging to 133 genera from 36 different families, 52% of which are cited from first time (marked with *. The general conclusion is that there is very little data about most species, those that do exist are often outdated and they lack relevant information about biological cycles, ecology, etc. There are still great many species to be recorded in the fauna of Madrid and estimates range between 350 and 400 species in total. It must be pointed that 24 out of 261 total species are endemic species from the Iberian Peninsula, some only collected very recently: Ozyptila umbraculorum (2002, Clubiona aducta, Parachtes teruelis (2005 and Amphiledorus balnearicus (in this paper.

    Con la confección del presente catálogo se pretende recopilar la información faunística disponible sobre las arañas de la Comunidad de Madrid, valorar el grado de conocimiento en el contexto de la fauna ibérica, así como impulsar los estudios encaminados a su conservación. Para su elaboración se han

  6. PRODUCEREA ŞI COMERCIALIZAREA BĂUTURILOR ALCOOLICE ÎN ORAŞELE DIN RZECZPOSPOLITA ŞI ŢARA MOLDOVEI (SEC.XVI-XVII

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    Nicolae DUDNICENCO

    2016-12-01

    Full Text Available Articolul vizează producerea, comercializarea şi consumul băuturilor alcoolice în oraşele din Rzeczpospolita (a berii, a votcii, a miedului şi din Ţara Moldovei (a vinului, a rachiului, a berii, a brăgii în sec. XVI-XVII. Se investighează mo­dul de producere, comercializare, precum şi taxele care se percepeau pentru băuturile alcoolice în oraşele din teri­toriul dat. Producerea băuturilor alcoolice aducea venituri mari economiei oraşelor din spaţiul indicat supra.PRODUCTION AND COMMERCIALISATION OF ALCOHOLIC DRINKS IN RZECZPOSPOLITA AND MOLDOVA PRINCIPALITY CITIES (XVI-XVII C.The article targeting the production, marketing and consumption of alcoholic drinks in the cities from Rzeczpospolita (beer, vodka, mead and from Moldova (wine, spirits, beer, braga in the XVI-XVII c. It have been investigated the mode of production, sell and taxes at which were subjected the alcoholic drinks in the cities on that territory. Production of alcoholic drinks brought substantial revenues to the economy of the cities from the indicated area.

  7. Utilização de ferramentas de análise espacial na vigilância epidemiológica de leishmaniose visceral americana - Araçatuba, São Paulo, Brasil, 1998-1999 Use of spatial analysis tools in the epidemiological surveillance of American visceral leishmaniasis, Araçatuba, São Paulo, Brazil, 1998-1999

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Vera Lucia Fonseca de Camargo-Neves

    2001-10-01

    Full Text Available O controle da Leishmaniose Visceral Americana (LVA está fundamentado no combate ao vetor e na eliminação do reservatório doméstico da área de foco - 200 metros em torno do caso humano ou canino. O presente trabalho tem como objetivo discutir a utilização de técnicas de análise espacial na vigilância epidemiológica da LVA no Município de Araçatuba, São Paulo, buscando estabelecer um modelo de vigilância epidemiológica em base territorial, redirecionando as estratégias de controle atualmente adotadas. Verificou-se que a transmissão da LVA não foi homogênea no município: a transmissão humana ocorreu nas áreas com maiores taxas de prevalência canina. A dispersão do vetor parece restrita a poucos domicílios, embora não tenha sido possível estabelecer um perfil da densidade vetorial. Visando estudar a distribuição do vetor e variáveis correlacionadas está sendo realizado estudo de campo por amostragem de domicílios, que permitirá o desenvolvimento de novas ferramentas de análise espacial e, possivelmente, permitirá redefinir as propostas de controle da endemia em ambiente urbano.The control of American visceral leishmaniasis (AVL is based on combating the vector and eliminating the domestic reservoir of the focus area - defined as 200 meters around human or canine cases. This paper discusses the use of spatial analysis techniques in the epidemiological surveillance of AVL in Araçatuba, São Paulo State, in order to propose a model for territorial epidemiological surveillance, reformulating current control strategies. The results showed that AVL transmission was not homogeneous; human cases were more frequent in areas with higher canine prevalence rates. Vector dispersion appeared to be restricted to a few houses, although it was not possible to model the vector density. In order to study the vector distribution and correlated covariates, a field study based on house sampling is being conducted. The results will

  8. Düzce İlinde Arıcılığın Yapısı ve Arıcılık Faaliyetleri Üzerine Bir Araştırma

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    Meral KEKEÇOĞLU

    2014-09-01

    Full Text Available Düzce ili zengin florası ve eşsiz arı ekotipi nedeniyle büyük bir arıcılık potansiyeline sahiptir. Bu çalışma Düzce ilinde arıcılığın genel yapısını ve arıcılık faaliyetlerini ortaya koymak amacıyla gerçekleştirilmiştir. Araştırma kapsamında 412 arıcıya ulaşılmıştır. Yüz yüze yapılan görüşmeler ve anket çalışması ile mevcut durum ortaya konulmuştur. Elde edilen sonuçlara göre ankete katılan arıcıların yaş ortalamasının 50 olduğu, % 73,10’unun ilköğretim, % 14,10’unun lise mezunu, % 20,90’ının ana gelir kaynağı olarak arıcılık yaptığı; % 59,20’sinin Arı Yetiştiricileri Birliği’ne, % 24,50’sinin Bal Üreticileri Birliği’ne üye olduğu; % 61,50’sinin yerel bölge arısını, % 34,70’inin de Kafkas arı ırkını kullandıkları; % 46,80’inin gezginci arıcılık yaptığı, tercih edilen bitki çeşitliliğinin sırasıyla ayçiçeği (% 62,96 kestane (% 54,32 kır çiçekleri (% 22,22, kanola (% 11,73 ve ormangülü (% 11,73 olduğu, kovan başına verimin 2010 ve 2011 yıllarına göre sırasıyla 9 ve 8 kg arasında değiştiği saptanmıştır. En fazla süzme bal üretimi yapılmakta bunu polen ve propolis takip etmektedir. Bu araştırmada, Düzce arıcılığının genel yapısı ve arıcılık problemleri tespit edilmiş ve çözüm önerileri sunulmuştur

  9. Estudo descritivo da estrutura populacional canina da área urbana de Araçatuba, São Paulo, Brasil, no período de 1994 a 2004 A descriptive profile of the canine population in Araçatuba, São Paulo State, Brazil, from 1994 to 2004

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Andréa Maria Andrade

    2008-04-01

    Full Text Available No período de 1994 a 2004, a população canina de Araçatuba, São Paulo, Brasil, registrou duas importantes zoonoses: a raiva e a leishmaniose visceral. Analisaram-se as mudanças ocorridas nessa população durante esse período, utilizando resultados de censos caninos e de coletas censitárias de sangue realizados em 1994, 1999 e 2004. A relação cão/10 habitantes variou significativamente, passando de 1,7 em 1994 para 2,0 em 1999 e para 1,8 em 2004. A porcentagem de cães com até um ano de idade passou de 20% para 32,5% e o número de eutanásias realizadas também aumentou após 1999, com a introdução da leishmaniose visceral. O número de cães e a estrutura etária variaram nos diversos setores do município e aqueles com maior porcentagem de animais com até dois anos de idade apresentaram maior ocorrência de casos de leishmaniose visceral humana e canina. Tais resultados decorrem de ações de controle adotadas nos setores com casos humanos de leishmaniose visceral, porém, o aumento da população canina mais jovem pode resultar em aumento da susceptibilidade destes cães à doença, favorecendo a manutenção da mesma na área.From 1994 to 2004, the canine population in Araçatuba, São Paulo State, Brazil, suffered two major canine zoonoses: rabies and visceral leishmaniasis. Changes in the dog population during this period were evaluated using canine census data from 1994 and 2004 and the results of blood samples for diagnosis of canine visceral leishmaniasis in 1999. The ratio of dogs per 10 inhabitants varied from 1.7 in 1994 to 2.0 in 1999 and 1.8 in 2004. The percentage of puppies less than 1 year of age increased from 20% to 32.5%, and the number of euthanized dogs also increased after 1999, when visceral leishmaniasis began to appear. The number of dogs and percentage of puppies varied between different areas of the city, and neighborhoods with a higher percentage of young animals showed more cases of both human and

  10. Conservação pós-colheita de frutos de araçá-vermelho em função do estádio de maturação e temperatura de armazenamento

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    Amanda Maria Furtado Drehmer

    2008-06-01

    Full Text Available O presente trabalho objetivou estudar os efeitos do estádio de maturação e temperatura de armazenamento sobre a fisiologia de araçá-vermelho. Frutos colhidos nos estádios de maturação verde (coloração vermelha da epiderme 50% foram armazenados nas temperaturas de 0; 5; 10; 20 e 30ºC (UR de 85-90% para a quantificação das taxas respiratórias e alterações na coloração da epiderme (L='lightness' e hº=ângulo 'hue'. Houve aumento substancial na taxa respiratória com o aumento na temperatura de armazenamento de 0 a 30ºC, com Q10 @ 2,7. Frutos colhidos no estádio de maturação verde apresentaram, em relação a frutos colhidos no estádio maduro, sensível redução na qualidade, caracterizada pelo menor teor de sólidos solúveis e maior acidez, porém melhor retenção de firmeza e de coloração da epiderme (com menor alteração na coloração de verde para vermelho, especialmente quando armazenados a 0ºC, e menor incidência de podridões. Frutos de araçá-vermelho devem ser colhidos no estádio maduro e imediatamente armazenados a temperaturas próximas de 0ºC, visando a prolongar a sua conservação, já que apresentam elevadas taxas respiratórias e rápido amadurecimento à temperatura ambiente (20ºC.

  11. Tüketicilerin Helal Tüketim Davranışlarının Belirleyicileri: Planlı Davranış Teorisi Çerçevesinde Bir Araştırma

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    Abdülkadir ÖZTÜRK

    2016-11-01

    Full Text Available Özet Bu çalışmanın amacı, tüketicilerin helal kavramını nasıl algıladıkları ve tüketicilerin helal özellikli ürünleri satın alma davranışlarını incelemektir. Sosyal bilimlerde insan davranışlarını incelemede sıklıkla kullanılan Planlı Davranış Teorisi (PDT çerçevesinde araştırma yürütülmüştür. Tüketicilerin helal ürünlere yönelik tutumları, çevrelerindeki insanların tepkileri ve algılanan davranışsal kontrolün davranışsal niyet ve fiili davranış üzerindeki etkileri araştırılmıştır. Ayrıca tüketicilerin helal ürün kavramını nasıl tanımladıkları ve farklı ürün gruplarına göre bu tanımlamaların değişip değişmediği incelenmiştir. Bu amaçlar kapsamında helal tüketim ile ilgili sosyal medya üzerinde oluşturulmuş bir grubun üyelerine yönelik online olarak bir anket hazırlanmış ve gerekli veriler toplanmıştır. 202 tüketiciden elde edilen veriler üzerinde analizler yapılmıştır. PDT esas alınarak geliştirilen araştırma modelinde yer alan değişkenlerin tüketicilerin helal ürün satın almaya yönelik niyetlerini ve davranışlarını açıkladığı tespit edilmiştir. Davranışsal niyet üzerinde tüketicilerin geliştirdikleri tutum, fiili davranış üzerinde ise niyetlerin en belirleyici değişkenler oldukları tespit edilmiştir. Gıda, kozmetik ve temizlik ürün gruplarında katılımcıların en çok gıda ürünlerinin helal özelliği taşıması konusunda hassasiyet taşıdıkları gözlemlenmiştir. Helal ürünlerin, İslam dininin kurallarına uygun olarak üretilmiş olmasının yanında tüketiciler tarafından güvenilir, sağlıklı ve temiz olarak algılandığı tespit edilmiştir. Anahtar Kelimeler: Helal tüketim, Planlı Davranış Teorisi.

  12. Damlatma ve Yayma Kültürel Sayım Yöntemlerinin Kıyaslanması Üzerine bir Araştırma

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    A. Kadir Halkman

    2015-02-01

    Full Text Available Bu çalışmada 6 adet saf laktik asit bakterisinde yayma, damlatma ve en muhtemel sayı yöntemleri ile, 7 adet kaşar peyniri örneğinde yayma ve damlatma yöntemleri ile toplam streptokok, toplam laktobasil, toplam mesofil aerob, maya-küf ve basil sayılmıştır. Saf laktik asit bakterilerinin sayımında EMS yöntemi katı besiyerinde yapılan sayımlara göre çok farklı değerler vermiştir. Laktik asit bakterilerinin sayımında ve kaşar peynirlerinde yapılan mikroorganizma sayımlarında damlatma ve yayma yöntemleri arasında yüksek benzerlik bulunmuştur. Maliyet unsuru dikkate alınarak rutin testlerde damlatma yönteminin yayma yöntemi yerini alması önerilebilir. Bununla beraber damlatma yöntemindeki sakıncaların gözönüne alınması gerekir.

  13. 0-15 Yaş Arası Çocukluk Çağı Yanık Olgularının Değerlendirilmesi

    OpenAIRE

    Fatih Zor; Harun Tuğcu; Cengiz Han Açıkel; Mustafa Deveci; Salim İskender; Mehmet Toygar; Mustafa Şengezer

    2008-01-01

    Çocukluk çağında en sık görülen yanıklar, sıcak bir obje veya sıcak sıvı ile temas sonucu meydana gelmektedir. Çocukluk çağı yanık olgularında etiyoloji genellikle kaza olup, ihmale bağlı yanık olguları %6-20 oranında görülmektedir. İhmale bağlı yanıkların en sık nedeni haşlanma yanıklarıdır. Haşlanma yanıkları vücudun sıcak sıvıya dalması veya sıcak sıvının vücuda sıçraması ile oluşmaktadır. Bu çalışmada, Gülhane Askeri Tıp Akademisi Yanık Merkezinde, 2002-2006 yılları arasında yatırılarak t...

  14. Development of colour-producing β-keratin nanostructures in avian feather barbs

    Science.gov (United States)

    Prum, Richard O.; Dufresne, Eric R.; Quinn, Tim; Waters, Karla

    2009-01-01

    The non-iridescent structural colours of avian feather barbs are produced by coherent light scattering from amorphous (i.e. quasi-ordered) nanostructures of β-keratin and air in the medullary cells of feather barb rami. Known barb nanostructures belong to two distinct morphological classes. ‘Channel’ nanostructures consist of β-keratin bars and air channels of elongate, tortuous and twisting forms. ‘Spherical’ nanostructures consist of highly spherical air cavities that are surrounded by thin β-keratin bars and sometimes interconnected by tiny passages. Using transmission electron microscopy, we observe that the colour-producing channel-type nanostructures of medullary β-keratin in feathers of the blue-and-yellow macaw (Ara ararauna, Psittacidae) develop by intracellular self-assembly; the process proceeds in the absence of any biological prepattern created by the cell membrane, endoplasmic reticulum or cellular intermediate filaments. We examine the hypothesis that the shape and size of these self-assembled, intracellular nanostructures are determined by phase separation of β-keratin protein from the cytoplasm of the cell. The shapes of a broad sample of colour-producing channel-type nanostructures from nine avian species are very similar to those self-assembled during the phase separation of an unstable mixture, a process called spinodal decomposition (SD). In contrast, the shapes of a sample of spherical-type nanostructures from feather barbs of six species show a poor match to SD. However, spherical nanostructures show a strong morphological similarity to morphologies produced by phase separation of a metastable mixture, called nucleation and growth. We propose that colour-producing, intracellular, spongy medullary β-keratin nanostructures develop their characteristic sizes and shapes by phase separation during protein polymerization. We discuss the possible role of capillary flow through drying of medullary cells in the development of the hollow

  15. Development of colour-producing beta-keratin nanostructures in avian feather barbs.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Prum, Richard O; Dufresne, Eric R; Quinn, Tim; Waters, Karla

    2009-04-06

    The non-iridescent structural colours of avian feather barbs are produced by coherent light scattering from amorphous (i.e. quasi-ordered) nanostructures of beta-keratin and air in the medullary cells of feather barb rami. Known barb nanostructures belong to two distinct morphological classes. 'Channel' nanostructures consist of beta-keratin bars and air channels of elongate, tortuous and twisting forms. 'Spherical' nanostructures consist of highly spherical air cavities that are surrounded by thin beta-keratin bars and sometimes interconnected by tiny passages. Using transmission electron microscopy, we observe that the colour-producing channel-type nanostructures of medullary beta-keratin in feathers of the blue-and-yellow macaw (Ara ararauna, Psittacidae) develop by intracellular self-assembly; the process proceeds in the absence of any biological prepattern created by the cell membrane, endoplasmic reticulum or cellular intermediate filaments. We examine the hypothesis that the shape and size of these self-assembled, intracellular nanostructures are determined by phase separation of beta-keratin protein from the cytoplasm of the cell. The shapes of a broad sample of colour-producing channel-type nanostructures from nine avian species are very similar to those self-assembled during the phase separation of an unstable mixture, a process called spinodal decomposition (SD). In contrast, the shapes of a sample of spherical-type nanostructures from feather barbs of six species show a poor match to SD. However, spherical nanostructures show a strong morphological similarity to morphologies produced by phase separation of a metastable mixture, called nucleation and growth. We propose that colour-producing, intracellular, spongy medullary beta-keratin nanostructures develop their characteristic sizes and shapes by phase separation during protein polymerization. We discuss the possible role of capillary flow through drying of medullary cells in the development of the

  16. Manoel Ferreira de Araújo Guimarães, a Academia Real Militar do Rio de Janeiro e a definição de um gênero científico no Brasil em inícios do século XIX Manoel Ferreira de Araújo Guimarães, the Royal Military Academy of Rio de Janeiro and the definition of a scientific genre in Brazil in the early 19th century

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    Luís Miguel Carolino

    2012-12-01

    Full Text Available Na sequência da transferência da Corte portuguesa para o Rio de Janeiro, em 1807/1808, foi fundada a Academia Real Militar do Rio de Janeiro, em 1810, com o objetivo de formar a elite técnico-científica do Estado joanino. Orientada por tais objetivos educativos, essa escola superior de ensino técnico instituiu, no Brasil, um modelo de ciência e de ensino científico de matriz politécnica. A astronomia foi um exemplo dessa tendência. Num período em que a astronomia esférica se ia tornando crescentemente uma disciplina autônoma, Manoel Ferreira de Araújo Guimarães, professor de astronomia na Academia Real Militar do Rio de Janeiro, decidiu orientar o seu curso para esse ramo aplicado da astronomia e escreveu aquele que viria a tornar-se um dos primeiros manuais de astronomia esférica, um gênero maior da literatura científica do século XIX.Following the transfer of the Portuguese court to Rio de Janeiro in 1807-8, the Royal Military Academy of Rio de Janeiro was created in 1810 to train the state's technical and scientific elite. Guided by its educational aims, this higher education technical school institutionalized a polytechnic model of science and science teaching in Brazil. Astronomy is a case in point. In a period when spherical astronomy was becoming an autonomous discipline, Manoel Ferreira de Araújo Guimarães, professor of astronomy at the Royal Military Academy of Rio de Janeiro, decided to orient his course to this applied branch of astronomy and authored what was to become one of the first textbooks on spherical astronomy, a major genre of scientific literature in the nineteenth century.

  17. Estudo soroepidemiológico de leishmaniose em equinos na região de Araçatuba-SP, Brasil, área endêmica para leishmaniose visceral

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    Francisco Leydson Formiga Feitosa

    2012-12-01

    Full Text Available O presente estudo teve como objetivo pesquisar a presença de anticorpos anti-Leishmania sp. em equinos provenientes do município de Araçatuba-São Paulo, área endêmica para leishmaniose visceral canina e humana. Dos 466 equinos testados para a presença de IgG anti-Leishmania chagasi pelo método de ELISA, 68 (14,59% apresentaram sororeatividade, com títulos variando entre 0,324 e 0,813. As amostras de soro dos equinos positivos por ELISA foram testadas também por imunocromatografia, e 19/466 (4,08% apresentaram resultado positivo. Os resultados obtidos no presente estudo indicaram que esta espécie animal está em contato e deve atrair flebotomíneos transmissores da doença, e salientam a necessidade de investigação mais acurada sobre o real papel dos equinos residentes em áreas endêmicas, de forma a auxiliar nas medidas de controle da doença.

  18. İlköğretim 4. ve 5. Sınıf Öğrencileri Arasındaki Zorbalık Olaylarının Çeşitli Değişkenlere Göre İncelenmesi (Rize İli Örneği Study of Bullying Circumstances Between 4th and 5th Grade Students of Primary Education According to Various Variables (Rize Province Example

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    Yücel ÖKSÜZ

    2012-09-01

    Full Text Available The purpose of this study is to examine the variables that couldcause students to make bullying between primary education 4th and5th grade students. The study sample consists of 294 primary schoolstudents randomly selected by sampling method ( 4-5th gradeattending primary schools located in 3 towns of Rize. This study isdesigned as a survey method. In the study, "Peer Bullying Survey"developed by the Pişkin (2002 has been used in order to determinethe status of bully and victim. In addition, 10 students has beeninterviewed using 3 open-ended question developed by the researchersto be able to make further examination. Kay-square test and descriptivestatistics has been used to analyze the data. The data obtained frominterviews has been analyzed using the qualitative research techniques.According to findings,the vast majority of students has beenimplemented or exposed to bullying behaviors themselves. It has beenfound out that the most common type of bullying faced by the studentsis verbal bullying after the physical bullying, they were subjected tobullying by the bigger ones both inside and outside the school by "amale student" or "a group of male student", especially when they facewith incidents of bullying, they ask for help from adults or reply to thiscircumstance and "physical and mental gymnastics" and "scientificawareness" category social clubs are mostly preferred by the studentswho make bullying. Bu araştırmanın amacı, İlköğretim 4. ve 5. sınıf öğrencileri arasında yaşanan zorbalığa neden olan değişkenleri çeşitli boyutlarıyla incelemektir. Araştırmanın örneklemini Rize'nin üç ilçesinde yer alan ilköğretim okullarında öğrenim görmekte olan öğrenciler arasından yansız örnekleme yöntemi ile seçilen (4.sınıf-5.sınıf 294 ilköğretim öğrencisi oluşturmaktadır. Bu araştırma, tarama modelinde bir çalışmadır. Araştırmada, öğrencilerin zorba ve kurban olma durumlarını belirlemek için Pi

  19. P-12: Spora Başlama ve/veya Lisans Muayeneleri İçin Spor Hekimliği Polikliniğine Başvuran Çocuk ve Gençlerde Postür Bozukluklarının Sıklığının Araştırılması

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Berrin Topçu Özcan

    2017-03-01

    Full Text Available GirişPostür, vücut bölümlerinin birbirleri ile ilişkili biçimdeki duruş şekli ve duruş vaziyetidir. Ayrıca, herhangi bir zamanda vücudun tüm noktalarının duruşlarının birleşenidir. AmaçHastanemiz spor hekimliği polikliniğine spor lisansı almak ve/veya yenilemek yada spora katılım öncesi sağlık kontrollerinden geçmek için başvuran çocuk ve gençlerde postür bozukluğu varlığıyla spor yapma ve yapılan spor yılı arasındaki ilişkiyi incelemek. Gereç ve yöntemÇalışmamıza 125’i erkek, 51’i kız ve yaşları 6-21 arasında (ort.:13,27 olmak üzere toplam 176 kişi katıldı. Katılımcıların 52’si spora yeni başlayacak olup, diğerleri çeşitli spor dallarını en az 1 yıldır yapmaktaydı. Vücut postürü fiziki muayene ile değerlendirildi. Boy, kilo ölçümleri Healthometer Professional marka cihazla yapıldı. VKİ(Vücut Kitle İndeksi hesaplandı. Spora başlama yaşı, spor tipi ve katılımcıların şikayetleri sorgulandı. Elde edilen veriler Minitab ikili lojistik regresyon analizi ve bazı sonuçlar da kikare testiyle değerlendirildi.Bulgular Spor geçmişi(yıl ile postür bozukluğu arasında anlamlı ilişki saptandı(p=0,019. Çocukların %3'ü daha önceden postür bozuklukluğu tanısı konduğu için tedavi edici olarak spora başlamıştı. Spora başlama yaşı ve sporun tipine göre postür bozukluğu bulunma olasılığı arasında anlamlı bir ilişki bulunamamıştır. VKİ ile postür bozukluğu arasında da anlamlı bir ilişki bulunamamıştır. Bununla beraber 10 yaş üstünde VKİ anlamlı olarak daha yüksek bulunmuştur. 10 yaşın altında daha az spor yapıldığı saptanmıştır. Tartışma/sonuçSpor yapma yılı arttıkça postür bozukluğu görülme olasılığının artması beklenen bir sonuç değildi. Katılımcıların farklı alanlarda spor dallarıyla uğraşması ve ayrı ayrı değerlendirildiğinde vaka sayımızın az olması, yaş olarak

  20. Reducing Greenhouse Gas Emissions in Grassland Ecosystems of the Central Lithuania: Multi-Criteria Evaluation on a Basis of the ARAS Method

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    Ligita Balezentiene

    2012-01-01

    Full Text Available N2O, CH4, and CO2 are potential greenhouse gas (GHG contributing to climate change; therefore, solutions have to be sought to reduce their emission from agriculture. This work evaluates GHG emission from grasslands submitted to different mineral fertilizers during vegetation period (June–September in two experimental sites, namely, seminatural grassland (8 treatments of mineral fertilizers and cultural pasture (intensively managed in the Training Farm of the Lithuanian University of Agriculture. Chamber method was applied for evaluation of GHG emissions on the field scale. As a result, soil chemical composition, compactness, temperature, and gravimetric moisture as well as biomass yield of fresh and dry biomass and botanical composition, were assessed during the research. Furthermore, a simulation of multi-criteria assessment of sustainable fertilizers management was carried out on a basis of ARAS method. The multicriteria analysis of different fertilizing regimes was based on a system of environmental and productivity indices. Consequently, agroecosystems of cultural pasture (N180P120K150 and seminatural grassland fertilizing rates N180P120K150 and N60P40K50 were evaluated as the most sustainable alternatives leading to reduction of emissions between biosphere-atmosphere and human-induced biogenic pollution in grassland ecosystems, thus contributing to improvement of countryside environment.

  1. Nevşehir-Niğde Yöresinde Yetiştirilen Bazı Patates Çeşitlerinin Dondurulmuş Parmak Patatese İşlemeye Uygunluğu Üzerine Araştırma

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    Mustafa Didin

    2015-02-01

    Full Text Available Bölgede yetiştirilen patates çeşitlerinin dondurulmuş parmak patatese işlemeye uygunluğunun belirlenmesinin amaçlandığı bu araştırmada materyal olarak Agria, Emie, Fienna, Granula, Hermes, Lady Rosetta Panda, :0uinta, Russet Burbang, Satuma, Tomensa ve Wangog çeşitleri kullanılmıştır. Çeşitler Nevşehir ili ve ilçelerinde patates tarımı ile ilgili faaliyet gösteren değişik firmalardan temin edilmiştir. Araştırmada kullanılacak patatesler, yıkama işlemine tabi tutulduktan sonra 80 °C'deki % 10'luk NaOH çözeltisine 2 dakika süre de daldırarak kabukları soyulmuştur. Daha sonra %0.5'lik sitrik asit çözeltisinde bekletilerek kalıntı alkali giderilmiştir. Kabuk soyma işleminden sonra kesiti 9X9 mm olan şeritler halinde dilimlenen örnekler dondurulmuş parmak patatese işlenmiştir. Çalışmada doğrudan kızartma ve haşladıktan sonra kızartma olmak üzere 2 ayrı yöntem kullanılmıştır Doğrudan kızartmada dilim­lenmiş patateslerin yüzey suyunun giderilmesi sağlandıktan sonra 170 °C'de 2 dakika süre de ön kızartma işlemi uygulanmıştır.

  2. Improved mitochondrial function with diet-induced increase in either docosahexaenoic acid or arachidonic acid in membrane phospholipids.

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    Ramzi J Khairallah

    Full Text Available Mitochondria can depolarize and trigger cell death through the opening of the mitochondrial permeability transition pore (MPTP. We recently showed that an increase in the long chain n3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA docosahexaenoic acid (DHA; 22:6n3 and depletion of the n6 PUFA arachidonic acid (ARA; 20:4n6 in mitochondrial membranes is associated with a greater Ca(2+ load required to induce MPTP opening. Here we manipulated mitochondrial phospholipid composition by supplementing the diet with DHA, ARA or combined DHA+ARA in rats for 10 weeks. There were no effects on cardiac function, or respiration of isolated mitochondria. Analysis of mitochondrial phospholipids showed DHA supplementation increased DHA and displaced ARA in mitochondrial membranes, while supplementation with ARA or DHA+ARA increased ARA and depleted linoleic acid (18:2n6. Phospholipid analysis revealed a similar pattern, particularly in cardiolipin. Tetralinoleoyl cardiolipin was depleted by 80% with ARA or DHA+ARA supplementation, with linoleic acid side chains replaced by ARA. Both the DHA and ARA groups had delayed Ca(2+-induced MPTP opening, but the DHA+ARA group was similar to the control diet. In conclusion, alterations in mitochondria membrane phospholipid fatty acid composition caused by dietary DHA or ARA was associated with a greater cumulative Ca(2+ load required to induced MPTP opening. Further, high levels of tetralinoleoyl cardiolipin were not essential for normal mitochondrial function if replaced with very-long chain n3 or n6 PUFAs.

  3. Öğretmen Adaylarının Öğrenme Stilleri İle Çevre Eğitimi Öz-Yeterlikleri Arasındaki İlişki / Relationship between the Self Efficacy Beliefs towards Environmental Education and the Learning Styles of Pre-service Teachers

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    Mustafa KAHYAOĞLU

    2011-12-01

    Full Text Available Bu çalışmanın amacı, öğretmen adaylarının öğrenme stilleri ile çevre eğitimine yönelik öz-yeterlikleri arasındaki ilişkinin ortaya konulmasıdır. Araştırma Siirt Üniversitesi Eğitim Fakültesi Sınıf ve Fen Bilgisi öğretmenliği programlarında öğrenim gören toplam 235 (109 kadın, 126 erkek öğretmen adayı ile gerçekleştirilmiştir. Veriler 2010-2011 eğitim öğretim güz yarıyılında Özdemir ve ark (2009 tarafından geliştirilen “Çevre Eğitimi Öz-Yeterliği Ölçeği” ve Kolb (1984 tarafından geliştiren, Aşkar ve Akkoyunlu (1993 tarafından Türkçeye uyarlanan “Öğrenme Stilleri Envanteri" kullanılarak toplanmıştır. Elde edilen bulgulara göre, öğretmen adaylarının çevre eğitimi öz-yeterlikleri orta düzeydedir ve Fen Bilgisi öğretmenliği programında öğrenim gören öğretmen adaylarının çevre eğitimi öz-yeterlikleri Sınıf öğretmenliği programında öğrenim gören öğretmen adaylarına göre daha yüksektir. Fen Bilgisi ve Sınıf öğretmenliği programında öğrenim gören öğretmen adayları en fazla ayrıştıran ve özümseyen öğrenme stillerine sahiptir. Ayrıca Fen Bilgisi ve Sınıf öğretmenliği öğretmen adaylarının çevre eğitimi öz-yeterlikleri ile öğrenme stilleri arasında anlamlı bir farklılık yoktur.

  4. Distribuidor de tránsito «La Araña» (Venezuela

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    Editorial, Equipo

    1965-12-01

    Full Text Available The location of Caracas city, the road system that converges on it, and the rapid growth of the town in a particular direction due to the special topography of the neighborhood, have led to very considerable traffic difficulties. To guide this traffic correctly it has been necessary to build a traffic distributor; called «the spider», at which traffic crosses at four different levels. Obviously, serious technical problems have had to be faced to overcome the low strength of the soil, and its difficult contours. Owing to the large size and extension of the project, the precasting of many special units has been a most important factor. The girders and structural columns are of prestressed concrete, and the foundations, which rest on a variety of piles, are of reinforced concrete. The project has been financed by the Ministry of Public Works, and is now in an advanced state of completion, but the final stage is yet to be done. The total budget for this project is about 600 m. pesetas. The present article describes the total work and gives some brief details on the methods of calculation and execution that were adopted.La situación de Caracas y el sistema vial que concurre en su casco urbano, junto con la expansión de la ciudad en una dirección determinada, provocada por condiciones topográficas locales, han creado un problema de encauzamiento del tránsito que culmina en la necesidad de construir un distribuidor de tráfico, denominado «La Araña», en el que se cruzan las calzadas a cuatro niveles distintos. Como es lógico, se han tenido que afrontar serios problemas técnicos para vencer accidentes locales y terrenos de apoyo de pobre capacidad de sustentación. Dado el gran volumen, variedad y dispersión de obras, la prefabricación de elementos básicos ha sido imperiosa. Las vigas y entramados estructurales son de hormigón pretensado, y los cimientos, con bases apoyadas sobre pilotes de distintos tipos, de hormigón armado ordinario

  5. Karamık Gölü (Afyonkarahisar'deki Cyprinus carpio Linnaeus, 1758 (Sazan'nun Metazoon Parazitleri Üzerinde Anatomik, Morfolojik ve Ekolojik Bir Araştırma.

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    H. Levent Kutlu

    2015-12-01

    Full Text Available 13 Mart 2004 ile 28 Mayıs 2005 tarihleri arasında yapılan bu araştırmada, Karamık Gölü (Afyonkarahisar’nden yakalanan 71 Cyprinus carpio Linnaeus, 1758 (sazan’nun metazoon parazitleri üzerinde incelemeler yapılmıştır. Konak balıkta üç parazit türü tanımlanmıştır: Gyrodactylus elegans, Nordmann, 1832; Dactylogyrus extensus Mueller ve Van Cleave, 1932 (Monogenoidea, Plathelmintes; Bothriocephalus acheilognathi, Yamaguti, 1934 (Cestoidea, Plathelmintes. Bu türlerden G. elegans 16 balığın yüzgeçlerinde (% 22,5; 7,6 parazit/balık ve 2 balığın solungaçlarında (% 2,8; 5,0 parazit/balık, D. extensus 65 balığın solungaçlarında (% 91,5; 22,1 parazit/balık, B. acheilognathi ise 10 balığın bağırsaklarında (% 14,0; 10,8 parazit/balık görülmüştür. Konak balıktaki dominant parazit türü D. extensus’tur. İlgili parazite ait en yüksek enfeksiyon oranına ve parazit sayısına kış aylarında, en düşük değerlere ise ilkbahar ve yaz aylarında rastlanılmıştır. D. extensus ile enfekte olma oranı küçük boylu sazanlarda büyüklere göre daha fazladır. G. elegans, orta boylu sazanların yüzgeçlerinde ilkbaharda, solungaçlarında ise kış aylarında kaydedilmiştir. Küçük ve orta boylu sazanlarda görülen B. acheilognathi enfeksiyonu kış aylarında yüksek, ilkbahar ve yaz aylarında ise düşük bulunmuştur

  6. Van Bölge Eğitim ve Araştırma Hastanesi\\'nde Giardia intestinalis ve Entamoeba histolytica/dispar prevalansı: Dört yıllık izlem

    OpenAIRE

    Bayram, Yasemin; Parlak, Mehmet; Çıkman, Aytekin

    2013-01-01

    Amaç: Çalışmada dört yıllık sürede Giardia intestinalis ve Entemoeba histolytica/ Entemoeba dispar saptanma oranı, yıllar göre dağılımı ile yaş grupları ve cinsiyete göre dağılımının retrospektif olarak belirlenmesi amaçlanmış­tır. Gereç ve yöntem: Ocak 2008 ile Aralık 2011 tarihleri arasında laboratuvarımıza gönderilen 9911 dışkı örneği parazitolojik yönden incelenmiştir. Taze dışkı örneklerinde Entamoeba sp., Giardia trofozoit ve kistlerinin mikrosko­bik teşhisi i...

  7. Parrots and macaws: Species in extinction danger?

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Castro ramirez, Jose; Moyano P, Edgar A

    1994-01-01

    The paper refers to the privileged position of Colombia due to their position in the tropic, the influence of two oceans, their wide hydrographic net, variety of climates, etc; they make that Colombia occupies first places in biodiversity; but due to the indiscriminate pruning of primary forest, they make that this enormous biological potential is seriously threatened, where many of its birds are in extinction road

  8. Developing Proper Systems for Successful Cloud Computing Implementation Using Fuzzy ARAS Method (Case Study: University of Tehran Faculty of New Science and Technology

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Jalil Heidaryd Dahooie

    2017-12-01

    Full Text Available Given the increasing requirements of communication and the need for advanced network-based technologies, cloud computing has been suggested as a perfect strategy to achieve these objectives. Yet, despite the development of computing applications and the increased number of alternatives, it is quite a difficult task to select the exact software platform for the implementation of cloud computing arrangements. In this line, the present paper aimed to develop a scientific framework as how to select the proper software for successful cloud computing implantation at the infrastructure level. First through a review on the related literature and using experts’ opinions, the software selection criteria were extracted. Based on the framework proposed here, the interval-valued fuzzy ARAS method was then employed for weighting and prioritizing specified alternatives. This model was applied by the Faculty of New Sciences and Technologies of Tehran University in order to select proper software platforms from among five alternatives. The results revealed that the OpenStack cloud operating system has been selected as the best alternative, most probably because this platform demonstrates significant achievement for its merits such as high level of performance, reliability and security, stability, and usability.

  9. Use of refractometry for determination of psittacine plasma protein concentration.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Cray, Carolyn; Rodriguez, Marilyn; Arheart, Kristopher L

    2008-12-01

    Previous studies have demonstrated both poor and good correlation of total protein concentrations in various avian species using refractometry and biuret methodologies. The purpose of the current study was to compare these 2 techniques of total protein determination using plasma samples from several psittacine species and to determine the effect of cholesterol and other solutes on refractometry results. Total protein concentration in heparinized plasma samples without visible lipemia was analyzed by refractometry and an automated biuret method on a dry reagent analyzer (Ortho 250). Cholesterol, glucose, and uric acid concentrations were measured using the same analyzer. Results were compared using Deming regression analysis, Bland-Altman bias plots, and Spearman's rank correlation. Correlation coefficients (r) for total protein results by refractometry and biuret methods were 0.49 in African grey parrots (n=28), 0.77 in Amazon parrots (20), 0.57 in cockatiels (20), 0.73 in cockatoos (36), 0.86 in conures (20), and 0.93 in macaws (38) (Prefractometry in Amazon parrots, conures, and macaws (n=25 each, PRefractometry can be used to accurately measure total protein concentration in nonlipemic plasma samples from some psittacine species. Method and species-specific reference intervals should be used in the interpretation of total protein values.

  10. Enfermedad por arañazo de gato: Presentación de un caso

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Ileana Alvarez Lam

    2003-12-01

    Full Text Available La enfermedad por arañazo de gato (EAG es un proceso infeccioso benigno, relativamente frecuente en niños y adolescentes producido por Bartonella henselae. La manifestación más frecuente de la enfermedad es la presencia de una lesión de inoculación seguida de linfadenopatía regional con presencia de fiebre u otros síntomas generales o sin estos. Se reporta el caso de un paciente de 13 años de edad que la afección se inició con adenopatía axilar izquierda y cuadro febril de 37,5 °C - 38,5 °C de 3 días de evolución con aparición más tardía de lesión similar en región interescapular, en la cual se planteaba la posibilidad de un proceso linfoproliferativo. Una vez esclarecida la historia clinicoepidemiológica del paciente se realizaron un grupo de exámenes complementarios y se indicó practicar exéresis de la lesión inicial. El estudio histopatológico mostró una linfadenitis crónica con focos pionecrotizantes compatibles con EAG. Se indicó tratamiento con eritromicina oral durante 10 días con resolución total del cuadro adénico.The cat-scratch disease (CSD is a bening infectious process, relatively common in children and adolescents, produced by Bartonella henselae.The most frequent manifestations of the disease is the presence of an innoculation injury followed by regional lymphoadenopathy with fever or other general symptoms, or without them. A case of a 13-year-old male patient, whose affection began with left axillary adenopathy and febrile picture of 37.5°C-38.5°C of 3 days of evolution with the later appearance of a similar injury in the interscapular region, where a lymphoproliferative process may occur, is presented. Once the clinicoepidemiological history of the patient was determined, a series of complementary tests was made and the exeresis of the initial injury was indicated. The histopathological study showed a chronic lymphadenitis with pyonecrotizing focuses compatible with the cat-scratch disease

  11. Marka İmajının Sosyal Ağ Analizi ile İncelenmesi: Turkcell ve Vodafone Markalarına Yönelik Bir Araştırma

    OpenAIRE

    BAŞFIRINCI, Çiğdem

    2016-01-01

    Marka imajı, günümüzün pazarlama literatüründeki önemli konu başlıklarından bir tanesidir. Ne var ki, yöntembilimsel bir bakış açısıyla, marka imajını sosyal ağ analizi ile inceleyen çalışmaların sayısının son derece sınırlı olduğu görülmektedir. Bu kapsamda bu araştırmanın amacı markaya ilişkin çağrışımların keşfedilmesinde alternatif ve kullanışlı bir yöntem olarak sosyal ağ analizini tanıtmak ve bu yöntemin marka imajlarının derinlemesine ve rekabetçi biçimde keşfine nasıl olanak sağladığı...

  12. Beyaz Kum Midyesinin (Chamelea gallina L., 1758 Et Verimi ve Besin Madde İçeriği Üzerine bir Araştırma

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Murtaza Ölmez

    2015-02-01

    Full Text Available Bu araştırmada, beyaz kum midyesinin (Chamelea gaHina et verimi ile etinin kuru madde, su, ham protein, ham yağ ve ham kül gibi besin maddelerinin belirlenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Beyaz kum midyesinin canlı ağırlık ortalaması 3.464±0.075 g, kabuk ağırlığı 2.307 ± 0.052 g ve yenilebilir et ağırlığı 1.157±0.029 g olarak belirlenmiş, % 66.60'ını kabuk, % 33.40'ını yenilebilir etin oluşturduğu saptanmıştır. Kimyasal analiz sonuçlarına göre;beyaz kum midyesinin etinde ortalama su oranı % 85.76, kuru madde % 14.24, ham protein % 8.49, ham yağ % 0.54, ham kül % 2.27, kalsiyum % 0.27 ve fosfor % 0.13 olarak tespit edilmiştir.

  13. Sucukların Bazı Kalite Kriterlerine Sodyum Nitrit ve Sodyum Tripolifosfatın Etkisi Üzerine Araştırma

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    A. Hamdi Ertaş

    2015-02-01

    Full Text Available 3 g/kg sodyum tripolifosfat (STPP ve 150 mg/kg sodyum nitrit (SN içeren sucuklar üretilmiş ve vakum paketlenerek +4 oC de 30 gün süreyle muhafaza edilmiştir. Olgunlaşma ve muhafaza periyodunda sucukların bazı kalite kriterlerine STPP’in ve SN’in etkisi araştırılmıştır. Tüketim olgunluğuna gelen sucuklarda ve muhafaza süresinde, yağın oksidasyon derecesine (TBA-sayısı, kırmızılık derecesine ve toplam mezofil aerob bakteri (TMAB yükü üzerine SN’in olumlu yönde etkili olduğu (P<0.01. STPP’in ise TBA-sayısı, penetrometre değeri ve TMAB yükü üzerine olumlu yönde etkili olduğu saptanmıştır (P<0.01. Ancak TBA-sayısı ve 30 günlük muhafaza periyodu sonunda TMAB yükü üzerine SN’in etkisi, STPP’in etkisinden (P<0.01 daha fazladır.

  14. Perfil dos acidentes de trabalho ocorridos no município de Araçatuba-SP nos anos de 2000 e 2001

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Eduardo Pizzatto

    Full Text Available O objetivo do presente estudo consiste em descrever o perfil dos acidentes de trabalho ocorridos no município de Araçatuba-SP nos anos de 2000 e 2001. Para tanto, foram analisadas as Comunicações de Acidentes de Trabalho (CATs emitidas no referido período e as informações pertinentes transcritas em formulário específico elaborado através do programa estatístico Epi-Info versão 6.04, utilizado para tabulação e análise dos dados obtidos. Foram analisadas 772 CATs, das quais 656 correspondiam à ocorrência de acidentes típicos, 92 a acidentes de trajeto e 24 a doenças ocupacionais. A média de idade dos acidentados foi de 32,42 anos (d.p. 10,88 e o tempo médio trabalhado até o momento do acidente foi de 4,15 horas (d.p. 2,73. Quanto ao gênero, 632 acidentes (81,9% ocorreram com trabalhadores do sexo masculino e 140 (18,1% com trabalhadores do sexo feminino. O presente estudo revela um amplo predomínio de acidentes de trabalho classificados como típicos, além de uma maior prevalência em trabalhadores do sexo masculino.

  15. Peanut sensitization pattern in Norwegian children and adults with specific IgE to peanut show age related differences.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Namork, Ellen; Stensby, Berit A

    2015-01-01

    Peanuts contain potent food allergens and the prevalence of allergy is reported to increase, especially in children. Since peanut sensitization may differ between different geographical regions, we wanted to investigate the sensitization pattern to the individual peanut allergens in a Norwegian population. Cases reported to the Norwegian Food Allergy Register with sera positive to peanut extract were analyzed for specific IgE (sIgE) to the recombinant peanut allergens Ara h 1, Ara h 2, Ara h 3, Ara h 8 and Ara h 9 and to birch pollen extract. Serum samples negative to the above allergens were analyzed for sIgE to Ara h 6, and sIgE to Pru p 3 in peach were analyzed in sera positive to the cross-reactive allergen Ara h 9. Highest frequency of sIgE to Ara h 2, often co-sensitized to Ara h 1 and 3, were found in the small children up to 6 years of age. From the age of 6 years, sensitization to Ara h 8 was predominant. The sIgE levels to the storage proteins Ara h 1, 2 and 3 were strongly correlated, as was the sIgE levels to Ara h 8 and birch pollen extract. A low sensitization rate of sIgE to Ara h 9 in young adults was observed, which sIgE levels were very strongly correlated to Pru p 3. The sensitization to peanut allergens in a Norwegian population shows a clear age dependent pattern. The results add to the previously published research on the sensitization patterns of peanut sensitized patients in different geographical areas.

  16. Mangan (III) asetatın yeni bir yöntemle hazırlanması, saflığının ve kullanılabilirliğinin araştırılması

    OpenAIRE

    ŞAKIYAN, İffet

    1992-01-01

      Bu çalışmada Mangan bileşikleri arasında bilimsel ve teknik yönden önemi büyük olan Mangan ( III )asetat yeni bir metod geliştirilerek sentezlendi. Mangan(II)asetat susuz asetik asit ortamında PbO? ile yükseltgenerek Mangan(III)asetata dönüştürüldü ve kararlı bir madde olarak ayrılması sağlandı. Susuz ortam çalışmalarında organik maddelerin potansiyometrik metodlarla kantitatif tayinlerinde titrant olarak kullanılmasına ve Mangan(III) komplekslerinin sentezine yöneli...

  17. Ortaçağ ve Sonrası Muş İli Yüzey Araştırması -2008- Malazgirt

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Bülent Nuri KILAVUZ

    2013-03-01

    Full Text Available AbstractThe research was carried out with the permissions of General Directorate of Monuments and Museums, Culture and Tourism Ministry of Turkish Republic, between 22 July to 6 August 2008 at Malazgirt town of Muş Province and dependent villages.Some cultural assets composed of monumental architectural structures such as Mosques, Churches, Inns, Bridges, cemeteries and grave stones were identifiedA mosque, ruins of an Inn, two bridges at the center of Malazgirt, a house and a rock church,at Uzgörür village of Bulanık County, twelve cemeteries at Malazgirt town and two cemeteries at Uzgörür village were investigated..Memorial monuments and tombstones vary in terms of materials, forms and style according to region and periods. A small number of identified works belong to Seljuk period and afterwards (XI-XV. Century, and most of the others usually belong to the Ottoman (XVI-XIX centuries period.The searched cemeteries were found to be different from each other. It is important to demonstrate the richness of the geography of Muş. Some of the motifs over the Headstones indicate differences, especially compared to other provinces in the region.Historical graves in the cemetery are rapidly destroyed by natural and human factors actually. In addition, all new burials in cemeteries today increase the destruction.ÖzetT.C. Kültür ve Turizm Bakanlığı, Kültür Varlıkları ve Müzeler Genel Müdürlüğü’nün izinleri ile 22 Temmuz- 06 Ağustos 2008 tarihleri arasında Muş ilinin Malazgirt ilçesinde ve köylerinde yüzey araştırması gerçekleştirilmiştir.Cami, Kilise, Han, Köprü, ve Ev’den oluşan anıtsal mimari yapılar ile mezarlıklar ve mezar taşlarından oluşan kültür varlıkları tespit edilmiştir. Araştırmanın son günlerinde Bulanık ilçesinin köylerine de girilmiştir.Araştırmada; Malazgirt merkezde iki, Dirimpınar Köyü’nde bir han kalıntısı, bir mescit ve bir cami, iki köprü, Bulanık ilçesi Uzg

  18. Tüketim kültüründe etkili bir araç olarak reklamın işlevlerine dair genel bir değerlendirme

    OpenAIRE

    Elmasoğlu, Kamile

    2017-01-01

    Betimsel analiz yönteminin kullanıldığı bu çalışmada, tüketim kültürünün yayılmasında etkili bir araç olarak görülen reklamın rolüne dair genel bir değerlendirme sunmak hedeflenmektedir. Bu hedef dâhilinde, tüketim toplumu, tüketim kültürü ve reklamın tüketim kültürü içindeki işlevleri; çeşitli düşünürlerin görüşlerinden istifade edilerek tartışılmıştır. Tüketim kültürünün hakim olduğu bir toplumda reklama ilişkin çeşitli fikirlerin benimsendiği görülmektedir. Çalışma genel olarak değerlendir...

  19. Phenotypical difference in deamination of cytarabine is not evident in induction therapy for acute myeloid leukemia

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Krogh-Madsen, Mikkel; Hansen, Steen Honore'; Jensen, Morten Krogh

    2013-01-01

    Objective To investigate the uracil arabinoside/cytarabine (Ara-U/Ara-C) ratios with the lower dose in adult acute myeloid leukaemia (AML) induction therapy (100 mg/m2 Ara-C) where no enzyme saturation is expected. Methods A precise and robust high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method...... for simultaneous determination of Ara-C and its main inactive metabolite Ara-U in human plasma was developed and validated. Nineteen patients with acute myeloid leukaemia were treated with Ara-C in a dose of 100 mg/m2 together with daunorubicin and etoposide. Plasma concentrations were used to construct...

  20. Kadın Üniversite Gençliği ve Mezunlarına Yönelik Cinsel Saldırı Mağdur Araştırması

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Zehra Kayı

    2000-12-01

    Full Text Available Çalışmamızda ülkemizde üniversite gençliği ve mezunlarına yönelik olarak kadınlarda hangi oranlarda cinsel şiddet eylemlerinin gerçekleştiği, kimler tarafından, nerede, ne zaman uygulandığı, adli makamlara ne derece yansıdığı, yansımıyorsa nedenleri ve mağdurların etkilenme dereceleri araştırılmıştır. Araştırmamıza üniversite öğrencisi ve mezunu toplam 700 kadın katılmıştır. İddia ettiğimiz veriler literatürlerle uyumlu olarak kadınların bu eylemlere yüksek oranlarda maruz, kaldığını ve özellikle temas içeren cinsel şiddet türlerinin sanılanın aksine yabancılar tarafından değil, çoğunlukla tanıdık kişilerce gerçekleştirildiği, çok büyük oranının adli makamlara yansımadığını ortaya koymuştur. Sözel, görsel ve dokunsal cinsel şiddet türlerinden herhangi birine maruz kalma oranı kadınlarda % 84 tür. Basit cinsel içerikli dokunuştan zorla cinsel ilişkiye kadar uzanan dokunsal cinsel şiddet türlerine maruz kalma oranı ise % 44.8 olarak bulunmuştur. Mağduriyet oranının yüksekliğinin yanı sıra adli makamlara iletilme oranlarının düşük olması, özellikle adli tıp açısından olayı ispatlama zorluğunu aşacak çalışmaların (etkin muayene ve delillerin değerlendirilmesi önemini ortaya koymaktadır. Anahtar Kelimeler: Cinsel şiddet, kadın, mağdur.

  1. Mechanism of interaction of the antileukemic drug cytosine arabinoside with aromatic peptides: role of sugar conformation and peptide backbone.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Datta, G; Hosur, R V; Verma, N C; Khetrapal, C L; Gurnani, S

    1989-01-01

    Interaction of the antileukemic drugs, cytosine-arabinoside (Ara-C) and adenosine-arabinoside (Ara-A) and a structural analogue, cytidine, with aromatic dipeptides has been studied by fluorescence and NMR spectroscopy. Ara-C and cytidine bind tryptophanyl and histidyl dipeptides but not tyrosyl dipeptides, while Ara-A does not bind to any of them. Both studies indicate association involving stacking of aromatic moieties. NMR spectra also indicate a protonation of the histidine moiety by Ara-C. In case of cytidine, the chemical shifts observed on binding to His-Phe imply that the backbone protons of the dipeptide participate in the binding. The conformation of the sugar and the base seem to play a very important role in the binding phenomenon as three similar molecules, Ara-C, Ara-A and cytidine bind in totally different ways.

  2. Online alışveriş sitelerinde uygulanan canlı destek sistemlerinin tüketicilerde oluşturduğu güvene etkisi: bir araştırma

    OpenAIRE

    Yıldırım, Lale

    2017-01-01

    İnternetin işletmelere sağladığı avantajlar sebebiyle online alışveriş web sitelerinin sayısı hızla artmaktadır. Bu web sitelerinin kurumsal çevrimiçi kuruluşlara dönüşmeleri ve müşteri güvenini kazanabilmeleri için gerekli koşullar konusunda Türkiye’de az sayıda araştırmaya rastlanmıştır. Bu nedenle bu çalışmanın amacı online alışveriş web sitelerinde uygulanan canlı çevrim içi destek uygulamalarının müşterilerde güven algısı başta olmak üzere; etkileşim, hizmet kalitesi, kurumsallık ve beğ...

  3. An upstream activation element exerting differential transcriptional activation on an archaeal promoter

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Peng, Nan; Xia, Qiu; Chen, Zhengjun

    2009-01-01

    S gene encoding an arabinose binding protein was characterized using an Sulfolobus islandicus reporter gene system. The minimal active araS promoter (P(araS)) was found to be 59 nucleotides long and harboured four promoter elements: an ara-box, an upstream transcription factor B-responsive element (BRE......), a TATA-box and a proximal promoter element, each of which contained important nucleotides that either greatly decreased or completely abolished promoter activity upon mutagenesis. The basal araS promoter was virtually inactive due to intrinsically weak BRE element, and the upstream activating sequence...... (UAS) ara-box activated the basal promoter by recruiting transcription factor B to its BRE. While this UAS ensured a general expression from an inactive or weak basal promoter in the presence of other tested carbon resources, it exhibited a strong arabinose-responsive transcriptional activation. To our...

  4. Romantic Relationship Characteristics and Adolescent Relationship Abuse in a Probability-Based Sample of Youth.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Taylor, Bruce; Joseph, Hannah; Mumford, Elizabeth

    2017-09-01

    This study examines the longitudinal association between baseline adolescent romantic relationship characteristics and later adolescent relationship abuse (ARA). Data are from the first two waves of the National Survey on Teen Relationships and Intimate Violence (STRiV). Girls and boys ages 10 to 18 were recruited randomly from the children of adults participating in a larger national household probability sample panel. About three quarters of the sample identified as White, non-Hispanic. Controlling behavior by a romantic partner consistently predicted later ARA. Higher levels of controlling behavior in the relationship was associated with higher rates of sexual and/or physical ARA victimization and higher rates for similar acts of perpetration. More controlling behavior by the partner was also associated with higher rates of psychological ARA victimization (and higher rates for psychological ARA perpetration). Our results suggest that ARA prevention programs should have explicit discussions of the deleterious effects of controlling behavior with adolescents. Respondents reporting higher feelings of passionate love were also at higher risk of experiencing sexual and/or physical ARA victimization. This finding will need to be considered by clinicians and prevention specialist in their work with youth as a potential risk marker for ARA. Baseline reports of at least one form of ARA were predictive of 1-year follow-up rates of ARA in all of our models, underscoring a long line of research that past aggressive or violent behavior is one of the strongest predictors of current aggressive or violent behavior. We also observed that female respondents were twice as likely to be perpetrators of physical and/or sexual ARA as male respondents. Prevention messaging often is focused on girls as ARA victims and our results imply that messaging should also be directed toward girls as perpetrators.

  5. Desarrollo y aplicación de un lenguaje basado en el minspeak = Development and application of a languaje on minspeak

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Jiménez Domínguez-Guillarte, M

    2006-09-01

    Full Text Available RESUMENEn este trabajo se presenta el proceso seguido para desarrollar un lenguaje basado en el Minspeak para un alumno que cuenta con un comunicador Macaw; veremos a continuación la didáctica y evaluación de la puesta en práctica con D.M., para quién se realizó dicho lenguaje. Se muestra cómo se han alcanzado unos mil cuatrocientos mensajes (palabras y frases, mediante la vinculación de pictogramas, con un solo tablero de treinta y dos casillas. Concluimos con la consideración de una posible utilización de dicho lenguaje para otros usuarios de comunicadores de características semejantes, mediante pequeñas adaptaciones personales. ABSTRACTThe aim of this work is showing the procedure followed to develop a language based on Minspeak for a pupil with a macaw communicator. Next we will see the didactics and evaluation of the putting into practice with D.M., for whom that language was designed. It is proved how about one thousand and four hundred messages (words and phrases have been made out, through the pictographs linking, with only one board with thirty two squares. We can end up by the consideration that the possible use of that language by other users of communication systems of similar characteristics by means of minimal personal adaptations.

  6. Pulsed magnetic field from video display terminals enhances teratogenic effects of cytosine arabinoside in mice

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Chiang, H.; Wu, R.Y.; Shao, B.J.; Fu, Y.D.; Yao, G.D.; Lu, D.J. [Zhejiang Medical Univ. (China)

    1995-05-01

    Eighty-nine Swiss Webster mice were randomly divided into four groups: a control group, a pulsed magnetic field (PMF) group, a cytosine arabinoside (ara-C, a teratogen) group, and a combined PMF + ara-C group. Mice in the PMF and PMF + ara-C groups were irradiated with a PMF (a sawtooth waveform with 52 {mu}s rise time, 12{mu}s decay time, and 15.6 kHz frequency) at a peak magnetic flux density of 40 {mu}T for 4 hours daily on days 6-17 of gestation. The mice in the ara-C and the PMF + ara-C groups were injected intraperitoneally on day 9 of gestation with 10 mg/kg of ara-C. The incidence of resorption and dead fetuses was not affected by PMF but was increased by ara-C injection. The malformation incidence of cleft palate (CP) and/or cleft lip (CL) was significantly higher in all three of the treated groups than in the control group (P < 0.05). If, however, statistical analyses had been done on litters rather than on individual fetuses, they would show that the incidence of CP and/or CL in the PMF group is not significantly greater than that in the control group. A significantly higher incidence of CP and/or CL was found in the PMF + ara-C group (49%) than the ara-C alone group (26.1%). These data suggest that PMF might enhance the development of ara-C-induced CP and/or CL. The incidence of minor variations in skeletal development, including reduction of skeletal calcification and loss of skeleton, was not statistically significant in the PMF group. However, it was higher in the two ara-C-treated groups, and there was no significant difference between the ara-C alone group and the ara-C + PMF group. From these results it is concluded that the very weak embryotoxic effects of PMF exposure may be revealed and enhanced in combination with a teratogenic agent.

  7. Ramalina farinacea (L. Ach. ve Usnea intermedia (A.Massal. Jatta Likenlerinin Antimikrobiyal Aktiviteleri Üzerine Araştırmalar

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Neslihan ŞİRİN

    2015-04-01

    Full Text Available Bu çalışmada Bursa-Uludağ Milli Park civarından toplanan Ramalina farinacea (L. Ach. ve Usnea intermedia (A. Massal. Jatta likenlerinin Bacillus cereus ATCC 7064, Bacillus licheniformis ATCC 14580, Citrobacter freundii ATCC 8090, Enterococcus faecalis ATCC 29212, Escherichia coli ATCC 25992, Klebsiella oxytoca ATCC 8724, Listeria innocua ATCC 33090, Proteus vulgaris ATCC 8427, Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 27853, Salmonella enteridis ATCC 13076, Salmonella typhimurium CCM 5445, Shigella flexneri ATCC 12022, Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 6538P, Staphylococcus epidermidis ATCC 3699, Streptococcus pyogenes ATCC 19615, Yersinia pestis ATCC 19428, Candida albicans ATCC 90028, Candida glabrata ATCC 90030, Candida lipolytica ATCC 8660, Candida parapsilosis ATCC 22019, Candida tropicalis ATCC 4563, Cryptococcus neoformans ATCC 32045, Debaryomyces hansenii DSM 70238,  Saccharomyces cerevisiae ATCC 9796 türlerine karşı antimikrobiyal aktiviteleri araştırılmıştır.Bulgulara göre; Ramalina farinacea (L. Ach. likeninin en yüksek antimikrobiyal aktivitesi Salmonella enteritidis ATCC 13076 ve Candida albicans ATCC 90028 türlerine karşı bulunurken, Usnea intermedia (A. Massal Jatta likeninin en yüksek antimikrobiyal aktivitesi Streptococcus pyogenes ATCC 19615 ve Candida albicans ATCC 90028 türlerinde ölçülmüştür. Liken türlerinin diğer tüm mikroorganizmalara karşı farklı seviyelerde antimikrobiyal aktivite gösterdikleri saptanmıştır.Anahtar Kelimeler: Antimikrobiyal Aktivite, Ramalina farinacea, Usnea intermedia

  8. Critérios para o teste de tetrazólio na estimativa do potencial germinativo em macaúba Criteria for tetrazolium tests in the estimation of the germination potential of macaw palm

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Leonardo Monteiro Ribeiro

    2010-04-01

    Full Text Available O objetivo deste trabalho foi estabelecer critérios para a aplicação do teste de tetrazólio em embriões de macaúba (Acrocomia aculeata. Para a elaboração do esquema de avaliação, foram realizadas avaliações anatômicas, identificação de padrões de coloração por solução de 2,3,5-trifenil cloreto de tetrazólio a 0,5% por quatro horas e cultivo in vitro de embriões. Em um experimento, foram avaliados três períodos de pré-condicionamento das sementes por imersão em água, por 12 e 24 horas, associados a duas temperaturas de coloração, 35 e 40ºC, em dois lotes de sementes além do controle sem pré-condicionamento. Em outro experimento, foram testadas em três lotes de sementes, três concentrações da solução de tetrazólio (0,5, 0,75 e 1%, associadas a dois tempos de coloração (duas e quatro horas. Utilizou-se o cultivo in vitro de embriões para comparação dos resultados. Um esquema de avaliação com dez padrões de coloração, associados a três classes de vigor, foi definido com base na anatomia dos embriões e no desenvolvimento de plântulas in vitro. O tratamento de pré-condicionamento em água não é necessário, e se deve aplicar o tempo de coloração de quatro horas, em solução de sal de tetrazólio, a 0,5% e 35ºC.The objective of this study was to establish criteria for the tetrazolium test in embryos of macaw palm (Acrocomia aculeata. To develop the evaluation scheme, anatomical analyses were performed, and staining patterns were identified using a 0.5% 2,3,5-triphenyl tetrazolium chloride solution for four hours, and embryo was cultured in vitro. In one experiment, three prior seed-soaking times in water (for 12 and 24 hours, besides a control without seed pre-conditioning, associated with two color temperatures (35 and 40ºC in two seed lots were evaluated. In another experiment, three concentrations of tetrazolium solution (0.5, 0.75 and 1%, associated with two staining times (two and four

  9. Akdeniz Midyesinin (Mytilus Galloprovincialis Lam. 1819 Et Verimi ve Besin Madde İçeriği Üzerine bir Araştırma

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Murtaza Ölmez

    2015-02-01

    Full Text Available Bu araştırmada, Akdeniz midyesinin (Mytilus galloprovincialishaşlama öncesi ve haşlama sonrası et verimi ile etinin kuru madde, su, ham protein, ham yağ, ham kül ve azotsuz öz maddeler gibi besin maddelerinin belirlenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Akdeniz midyesinin haşlama işlemi uygulanmayan ve haşlama işlemi uygulanan gruplarında canlı ağırlık, kabuk ağırlığı, yenilebilir et ağırlığı ortalamaları sırasıyla 26.547 g - 27.591 g, 19.513 g -19.027 g ve 7.034 g - 3.692 g , kabuk ile yenilebilir et oranı sırasıyla %73.504 -%68.96 ve %26.496- %13.380 olarak hesaplanmıştır. Kimyasal analiz sonuçlarına göre; Akdeniz midyesinin etinde ortalama su oranı %83.72, kuru madde %16.28, ham protein %9.46, ham yağ %0.82, ham kül %1.38 ve azotsuz öz maddeler %4.61 olarak tespit edilmiştir.

  10. Circulating anti-retinal antibodies in response to anti-angiogenic therapy in exudative age-related macular degeneration.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Kubicka-Trząska, Agnieszka; Wilańska, Joanna; Romanowska-Dixon, Bożena; Sanak, Marek

    2014-12-01

    To determine changes in anti-retinal antibodies (ARAs) during anti-VEGF therapy in patients with exudative age-related macular degeneration (AMD) and to assess the correlations between ARAs and disease activity. The study comprised 98 patients treated with intravitreal bevacizumab. The ophthalmic examination included best corrected visual acuity (BCVA), slit lamp biomicroscopy, fundoscopy, fluorescein angiography (FA), and optical coherence tomography (OCT). Serum ARAs levels were assessed by indirect immunofluorescence (IIF) on normal monkey retina substrate. These studies were repeated at 4 week intervals within 8 months of a follow-up. The sera of 50 sex- and age-matched healthy subjects were used as controls. At baseline examination, 94 (95.5%) of the 98 patients were positive for ARAs. The ARAs titres were significantly higher (p = 0.0000) than in controls. A positive correlation was found between titres of ARAs and the diameter of choroidal neovascularization (CNV) as measured by FA (p = 0.0000), and central retinal thickness (CRT) assessed by OCT (p = 0.0000). A positive correlation was also found between the diameter of CNV, CRT and the complexity of circulating ARAs. Following treatment all patients demonstrated significant decrease in ARAs levels as well as improvement of BCVA, reduction of subretinal fluid on OCT and decreased leakage on FA. Changes in serum ARAs levels occurred in parallel with clinical outcomes of anti-VEGF therapy. Treatment reduced serum levels of ARAs, with the greatest reduction occurring during the 'loading' phase. This study demonstrated that ARAs may act as a serum biomarker of the efficacy of anti-VEGF therapy. © 2014 Acta Ophthalmologica Scandinavica Foundation. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.

  11. MITLL 2015 Language Recognition Evaluation System Description

    Science.gov (United States)

    2016-01-27

    912 8.18 qsl-rus Russian 2021 37.80 ara-ary Maghrebi 919 46.91 spa-car Carib. Spa. 194 30.59 ara-arz Egyptian 440 97.27 spa-eur Eur. Spa. 366 8.55...qsl-pol Polish 695 32.14 ara-arb MSA 912 8.18 qsl-rus Russian 2021 37.80 ara-ary Maghrebi 919 46.91 spa-car Carib. Spa. 194 30.59 ara-arz Egyptian ...BOTTLENECK I-VECTOR SYSTEM (BNF1) The Deep Neural Network architecture that we used for this system was composed of seven hidden layers. The sixth

  12. Bitümlü Sıcak Karışım Üstyapılarda Görülen Yüzey Bozulmaları ile Düzgünsüzlük Arasındaki İlişkilerin Modellenmesinde Bazı Yaklaşımlar

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Ufuk KIRBAŞ

    2018-02-01

    Full Text Available Esnek üstyapılarda görülen yüzey bozulmaları ile düzgünsüzlük arasında ilişkilerin araştırıldığı çalışmalar incelendiğinde sınırlı sayıda yüzey bozulma türünün dikkate alındığı görülmektedir. Literatüre katkı sağlamak amacıyla bu çalışmada, 13 adet yüzey bozulma türü ve bozulma şiddetleri ile birlikte toplam 32 adet üstyapı bozulması ile IRI arasındaki ilişkilerin matematiksel modelleme analizi yapılmıştır. Modelleme çalışmalarında doğrusal regresyon, değişkenli uyarlamalı regresyon eğrileri (MARS ve yapay sinir ağları (YSA yaklaşımları kullanılmıştır.  Oluşturulan modellerin tahmin yetenekleri ortalama mutlak hata (OMH, kök ortalama karesel hata (KOKH,  ortalama mutlak göreceli hata (OMGH ve regresyon katsayısı (R2 istatistiksel karşılaştırma yöntemleri kullanılarak değerlendirilmiştir. Tahmin yeteneği en yüksek olan modelin YSA yaklaşımı kullanılarak oluşturulan model olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Ayrıca, YSA yaklaşımında girdi değişkenlerinin çıktı değişkeni üzerindeki etkileri bağlantı ağırlıklarına göre değerlendirilmiştir. Bu değerlendirmeye göre, üstyapı bozulmaları oluşma nedenlerine (mekanizmalarına göre incelendiğinde, IRI üzerinde % 43.8 yük kaynaklı, % 39 diğer sebepler kaynaklı ve % 17.2 iklim kaynaklı bozulmaların etkili olduğu sonucuna ulaşılmıştır.

  13. Radiation metagenesis and inhibition of DNA synthesis

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Dubinina, L.G.; Sergievskaya, S.P.; Kurashova, Z.I.; Dubinin, N.P.

    1983-01-01

    The study of modification of radiation mutagenesis and inhibition of the DNA synthesis by means of 1-β-D arabinofuranosylcytosine (ara-C) is carried out. It is shown that ara-C-acting on chromosomes in the G 1 phase and G 2 phase does not cause mutations in the C capillaris cells. The modification by means of ara-C radiation effect in the G 1 phase and G 2 phase correlates with duration and time of administering ara-C before and after irradiation. A new form of ara-C DNA synthesis inhibitor interaction with mutation processes has been found out. Protective effect of the DNA synthesis inhibitor (ara-C) from mutageneous radiation effect is stressed. Sensibilization of the radiation mutagenesis during cell treafment by the DNA synthesis inhibitor (ara-C) is shown. It is pointed out that emergence of sensibilization or protective effect, i. e. antimutagenesis phenomenon depends on conditions under which the synthesis inhibitor acted in G 1 and G 2 phases

  14. Erythropoietin-derived nonerythropoietic peptide ameliorates experimental autoimmune neuritis by inflammation suppression and tissue protection.

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Yuqi Liu

    Full Text Available Experimental autoimmune neuritis (EAN is an autoantigen-specific T-cell-mediated disease model for human demyelinating inflammatory disease of the peripheral nervous system. Erythropoietin (EPO has been known to promote EAN recovery but its haematopoiesis stimulating effects may limit its clinic application. Here we investigated the effects and potential mechanisms of an EPO-derived nonerythropoietic peptide, ARA 290, in EAN. Exogenous ARA 290 intervention greatly improved EAN recovery, improved nerve regeneration and remyelination, and suppressed nerve inflammation. Furthermore, haematopoiesis was not induced by ARA 290 during EAN treatment. ARA 290 intervention suppressed lymphocyte proliferation and altered helper T cell differentiation by inducing increase of Foxp3+/CD4+ regulatory T cells and IL-4+/CD4+ Th2 cells and decrease of IFN-γ+/CD4+ Th1 cells in EAN. In addition, ARA 290 inhibited inflammatory macrophage activation and promoted its phagocytic activity. In vitro, ARA 290 was shown to promote Schwann cell proliferation and inhibit its inflammatory activation. In summary, our data demonstrated that ARA 290 could effectively suppress EAN by attenuating inflammation and exerting direct cell protection, indicating that ARA 290 could be a potent candidate for treatment of autoimmune neuropathies.

  15. Application of adversarial risk analysis model in pricing strategies with remanufacturing

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Liurui Deng

    2015-01-01

    Full Text Available Purpose: Purpose: This paper mainly focus on the application of adversarial risk analysis (ARA in pricing strategy with remanufacturing. We hope to obtain more realistic results than classical model. Moreover, we also wish that our research improve the development of ARA in pricing strategy of manufacturing or remanufacturing. Approach: In order to gain more actual research, combining adversarial risk analysis, we explore the pricing strategy with remanufacturing based on Stackelberg model. Especially, we build OEM’s 1-order ARA model and further study on manufacturers and remanufacturers’ pricing strategy. Findings: We find the OEM’s 1-order ARA model for the OEM’s product cost C. Besides, we get according manufacturers and remanufacturers’ pricing strategies. Besides, the pricing strategies based on 1-order ARA model have advantage over than the classical model regardless of OEMs and remanufacturers. Research implications: The research on application of ARA imply that we can get more actual results with this kind of modern risk analysis method and ARA can be extensively in pricing strategies of supply chain. Value: Our research improves the application of ARA in remanufacturing industry. Meanwhile, inspired by this analysis, we can also create different ARA models for different parameters. Furthermore, some results and analysis methods can be applied to other pricing strategies of supply chain.

  16. RegA, an AraC-Like Protein, Is a Global Transcriptional Regulator That Controls Virulence Gene Expression in Citrobacter rodentium▿

    Science.gov (United States)

    Hart, Emily; Yang, Ji; Tauschek, Marija; Kelly, Michelle; Wakefield, Matthew J.; Frankel, Gad; Hartland, Elizabeth L.; Robins-Browne, Roy M.

    2008-01-01

    Citrobacter rodentium is an attaching and effacing pathogen which causes transmissible colonic hyperplasia in mice. Infection with C. rodentium serves as a model for infection of humans with enteropathogenic and enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli. To identify novel colonization factors of C. rodentium, we screened a signature-tagged mutant library of C. rodentium in mice. One noncolonizing mutant had a single transposon insertion in an open reading frame (ORF) which we designated regA because of its homology to genes encoding members of the AraC family of transcriptional regulators. Deletion of regA in C. rodentium resulted in markedly reduced colonization of the mouse intestine. Examination of lacZ transcriptional fusions using promoter regions of known and putative virulence-associated genes of C. rodentium revealed that RegA strongly stimulated transcription of two newly identified genes located close to regA, which we designated adcA and kfcC. The cloned adcA gene conferred autoaggregation and adherence to mammalian cells to E. coli strain DH5α, and a kfc mutation led to a reduction in the duration of intestinal colonization, but the kfc mutant was far less attenuated than the regA mutant. These results indicated that other genes of C. rodentium whose expression required activation by RegA were required for colonization. Microarray analysis revealed a number of RegA-regulated ORFs encoding proteins homologous to known colonization factors. Transcription of these putative virulence determinants was activated by RegA only in the presence of sodium bicarbonate. Taken together, these results show that RegA is a global regulator of virulence in C. rodentium which activates factors that are required for intestinal colonization. PMID:18765720

  17. RegA, an AraC-like protein, is a global transcriptional regulator that controls virulence gene expression in Citrobacter rodentium.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Hart, Emily; Yang, Ji; Tauschek, Marija; Kelly, Michelle; Wakefield, Matthew J; Frankel, Gad; Hartland, Elizabeth L; Robins-Browne, Roy M

    2008-11-01

    Citrobacter rodentium is an attaching and effacing pathogen which causes transmissible colonic hyperplasia in mice. Infection with C. rodentium serves as a model for infection of humans with enteropathogenic and enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli. To identify novel colonization factors of C. rodentium, we screened a signature-tagged mutant library of C. rodentium in mice. One noncolonizing mutant had a single transposon insertion in an open reading frame (ORF) which we designated regA because of its homology to genes encoding members of the AraC family of transcriptional regulators. Deletion of regA in C. rodentium resulted in markedly reduced colonization of the mouse intestine. Examination of lacZ transcriptional fusions using promoter regions of known and putative virulence-associated genes of C. rodentium revealed that RegA strongly stimulated transcription of two newly identified genes located close to regA, which we designated adcA and kfcC. The cloned adcA gene conferred autoaggregation and adherence to mammalian cells to E. coli strain DH5alpha, and a kfc mutation led to a reduction in the duration of intestinal colonization, but the kfc mutant was far less attenuated than the regA mutant. These results indicated that other genes of C. rodentium whose expression required activation by RegA were required for colonization. Microarray analysis revealed a number of RegA-regulated ORFs encoding proteins homologous to known colonization factors. Transcription of these putative virulence determinants was activated by RegA only in the presence of sodium bicarbonate. Taken together, these results show that RegA is a global regulator of virulence in C. rodentium which activates factors that are required for intestinal colonization.

  18. Datça-Bozburun Yarımadası (Ege Denizi Kıyı Balıkçılığı ve Sorunları Üzerine Bir Araştırma.

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Okan Akyol

    2015-12-01

    Full Text Available Bu çalışmada, Datça-Bozburun Yarımadası’nın kıyı balıkçılık aktiviteleri, hedef balık türleri, balıkçılık sorunları, balıkçı kooperatiflerinin özellikleri, balıkçı tekneleri ve barınakları araştırılmıştır. Örneklemeler iki balıkçı kooperatifi (Datça ve Karaköy ve 8 balıkçılık barınağında 2005-2006 yılları arasında yürütülmüştür. Bölgede toplam 32 kooperatif üyesi ile yaklaşık 170 balıkçı teknesi kaydedilmiştir. Üye sayılarına göre en büyük balıkçı kooperatifi Datça’dır. Bölgede kıyı balıkçılığı yoğun olarak paragat, sade ve fanyalı uzatma ağlarıyla yürütülmektedir. Uzatma ağı ve paragat balıkçılığında yakalanan balık ve omurgasızlar Ege ve Akdeniz’in yerleşik tipik balıklarıdır. Mullus barbatus, Sphyraena sphyraena, Seriola dumerilii, Pagellus erythrinus, Dentex dentex, Mullus surmuletus, Sarda sarda, Xiphias gladius, Epinephelus aeneus, Loligo vulgaris, Octopus vulgaris vb. ticari avdaki hedef türlerdir. Fakat bölgedeki balıkçılık aktiviteleri kısa balıkçılık sezonu, düşük balıkçılık kapasitesi ve az sayıdaki balıkçı nedeniyle göreceli olarak oldukça zayıf bulunmuştur

  19. Effects of Arachidonic Acid Supplementation on Acute Anabolic Signaling and Chronic Functional Performance and Body Composition Adaptations.

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Eduardo O De Souza

    Full Text Available The primary purpose of this investigation was to examine the effects of arachidonic acid (ARA supplementation on functional performance and body composition in trained males. In addition, we performed a secondary study looking at molecular responses of ARA supplementation following an acute exercise bout in rodents.Thirty strength-trained males (age: 20.4 ± 2.1 yrs were randomly divided into two groups: ARA or placebo (i.e. CTL. Then, both groups underwent an 8-week, 3-day per week, non-periodized training protocol. Quadriceps muscle thickness, whole-body composition scan (DEXA, muscle strength, and power were assessed at baseline and post-test. In the rodent model, male Wistar rats (~250 g, ~8 weeks old were pre-fed with either ARA or water (CTL for 8 days and were fed the final dose of ARA prior to being acutely strength trained via electrical stimulation on unilateral plantar flexions. A mixed muscle sample was removed from the exercised and non-exercised leg 3 hours post-exercise.Lean body mass (2.9%, p<0.0005, upper-body strength (8.7%, p<0.0001, and peak power (12.7%, p<0.0001 increased only in the ARA group. For the animal trial, GSK-β (Ser9 phosphorylation (p<0.001 independent of exercise and AMPK phosphorylation after exercise (p-AMPK less in ARA, p = 0.041 were different in ARA-fed versus CTL rats.Our findings suggest that ARA supplementation can positively augment strength-training induced adaptations in resistance-trained males. However, chronic studies at the molecular level are required to further elucidate how ARA combined with strength training affect muscle adaptation.

  20. Okul Öncesi Öğretmenlerinin Kullandıkları Öğretim Yöntemleri Hakkındaki Görüşleri

    OpenAIRE

    GÜVEN, Gülhan

    2013-01-01

    Araştırmanın amacı, MEB’e bağlı bağımsız anaokulu ve anasınıflarında görev yapan okul öncesi öğretmenlerinin öğretim yöntemleri hakkındaki görüşlerini ortaya koymaktır. Araştırma, nitel araştırma tekniklerinden biri olan olgubilim çalışmasıdır. Araştırma kapsamında veriler görüşme tekniği ile elde edilmiştir. Araştırmada verilerin toplanması için araştırmacılar tarafından hazırlanmış yarı yapılandırılmış sorulardan oluşan görüşme formu kullanılmıştır. Araştırmanın çalışma grubunu Ankara ve Ka...

  1. Plasma Lipoprotein(a Levels and Atherosclerotic Renal Artery Stenosis in Hypertensive Patients

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Cristiana Catena

    2015-03-01

    Full Text Available Background/Aims: The contribution of emergent cardiovascular risk factors to atherosclerotic renal artery stenosis (ARAS is debated. We investigated the relationship of lipoprotein(a and prothrombotic factors with ARAS in hypertension. Methods: In 50 hypertensive patients with angiographic evidence of ARAS and 58 hypertensive patients who had comparable cardiovascular risk factor burden but no evidence of renovascular disease, we measured renal function, lipoprotein(a, homocysteine, and hemostatic-fibrinolytic markers. Results: Patients with ARAS were more frequently smokers and had longer duration of hypertension, heavier antihypertensive treatment, and worse renal function than controls. Lipoprotein(a was higher in patients with ARAS than controls, whereas no differences were found in homocysteine and all hemostatic variables. Multivariate analysis showed that lipoprotein(a was associated with ARAS independent of other confounders including renal function and history of coronary heart, cerebrovascular, and peripheral artery disease. Conclusion: Lipoprotein(a might contribute to the development of ARAS and detection of elevated levels of this lipoprotein could raise the suspicion of renovascular disease in patients with high blood pressure.

  2. The Impact of Web 2.0 Tools on Pre-Service Teachers’ Self Confidence Levels About TPCK [Öğretmen Adaylarının Teknolojik Pedagojik Alan Bilgisi Özgüvenlerine Web 2.0 Araçlarının Etkisi

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Zeynep Tatlı

    2016-12-01

    Full Text Available The purpose of this study is to enable pre-service teachers from various fields to develop materials in their fields through practices introduced to enhance the use of web 2.0 tools for educational purposes, and to investigate the impact of the training on the TPCK self-confidence levels of the pre-service teachers. The study group is composed of a total of 46 pre-service teachers in 13 distinct fields, enrolled in the fourth year of KTÜ Fatih Faculty of Education in the fall semester of the academic year 2015-2016. The study employed an experimental method, namely the pre-test / post-test pattern used with a single group. The data used in the study were gathered through an opinion survey regarding the effectiveness of the use of Web 2.0 technologies for education purposes, and the technological pedagogical content knowledge self-confidence (TPCKSC scale. The TPCKSC scale was developed originally by Graham et. al. (2009 and was adopted into Turkish by Timur and Taşar (2011. At the end of the study, a significant increase (t(45=4,24, p<0,05 on TPCK self confidence level of pre-service teacher was determined. The pre-service teachers who took part in the study reported a preference for Powtoon, quiz maker and edraw max applications, as well as an intention to use them in their professional lives. [Bu çalışmanın amacı, farklı bölümlerde öğrenim gören son sınıf öğretmen adaylarının Web 2.0 araçlarının eğitim amaçlı kullanımı etkinliği kapsamında verilen uygulamalar ile ilgili kendi alanlarında materyal geliştirmelerini sağlamak ve aldıkları bu eğitimin onların TPAB öz güven düzeyleri üzerindeki etkisini araştırmaktır. Araştırmanın çalışma grubu; 2015-2016 eğitim öğretim yılının güz döneminde KTÜ Fatih Eğitim Fakültesi dördüncü sınıfta öğrenim gören, 13 farklı alanda toplam 46 öğretmen adayından oluşmaktadır. Araştırmada deneysel yöntemlerden “tek grup ön test – son

  3. Görme Engelli Öğrencilerin Okuma Etkinliğinde Dikkatini Sürdürme Becerileri Üzerine Kendini İzleme Tekniğinin Etkililiği

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    TÜLAY HAYTABAY Sosun

    2015-12-01

    Full Text Available Bu araştırmanın amacı görme yetersizliğinden etkilenmiş öğrencilerin sessiz okuma etkinliğinde dikkatini sürdürme becerileri üzerine kendini izleme tekniğinin etkililiğini incelemektir. Araştırmanın denekleri Ankara ilinde Milli Eğitim Bakanlığı’na bağlı bir Görme Engelliler İlköğretim Okulu’na devam eden, yaşları 7 ile 8 arasında değişen 3 görme engelli öğrencidir. Araştırma deneklerinden ikisi 1. sınıfa, diğeri ise 2. sınıfa gitmektedir. Öğrencilerden ikisi Braille yazı okuyan, biri ise gören yazı okuyan görme engelli öğrencilerdir. Araştırma tek denekli desenlerden çoklu yoklama deseni uygulanarak gerçekleştirilmiştir. Araştırmanın sonuçları kendini izleme tekniğinin araştırmaya katılan üç öğrencinin de dikkatini sürdürme becerilerini yüksek düzeyde artırdığını göstermiştir. Bulgular deneklerin dikkatini sürdürme becerilerinin araştırma tamamlandıktan 2 hafta sonra da sürdürdüğünü göstermiştir. Araştırmaya katılan öğretmenler kendini izleme tekniği hakkındaki görüşlerini uygulanması kolay ve etkili bir teknik olarak ifade etmişlerdir. Araştırma bulguları tartışılmış ve ileride yapılacak araştırmalara yönelik önerilere yer verilmiştir

  4. ANNELERİN TUTUMLARI İLE 5-6 YAŞ ÇOCUKLARININ SALDIRGANLIK, OLUMLU SOSYAL DAVRANIŞ VE AKRAN ŞİDDETİNE MARUZ KALMA DÜZEYLERİ ARASINDAKİ İLİŞKİLERİN İNCELENMESİ

    OpenAIRE

    GÜLAY, Hülya

    2011-01-01

    Araştırmanın amacı, anne tutumlarının (otoriter, izin verici, yetkeci) çocuklarının saldırganlık, olumlu sosyal davranış ve akran şiddetine maruz kalma düzeyleri arasındaki ilişkileri incelemektir. Araştırmada ilişkisel tarama yöntemi kullanılmıştır. Araştırmanın örneklem grubunu Denizli İli’nin Merkez İlçesi’nde ilköğretim okullarının anasınıflarına devam eden 143 çocuk ve 143 anne oluşturmuştur. Araştırmada veri toplama araçları olarak Anne-Babalık Stilleri ve Boyutları Ölçeği (Anne formu),...

  5. A synthetic arabinose-inducible promoter confers high levels of recombinant protein expression in hyperthermophilic archaeon Sulfolobus islandicus

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Peng, Nan; Deng, Ling; Mei, Yuxia

    2012-01-01

    Despite major progresses in genetic studies of hyperthermophilic archaea, recombinant protein production in these organisms always suffers from low yields and a robust expression system is still in great demand. Here we report a versatile vector that confers high levels of protein expression...... to remove the peptide tags from expressed recombinant proteins. While pEXA employed an araS promoter for protein expression, pSeSD utilized P(araS-SD), an araS derivative promoter carrying an engineered ribosome-binding site (RBS; a Shine-Dalgarno [SD] sequence). We found that P(araS-SD) directed high...... levels of target gene expression. More strikingly, N-terminal amino acid sequencing of recombinant proteins unraveled that the protein synthesized from pEXA-N-lacS lacked the designed 6×His tag and that translation initiation did not start at the ATG codon of the fusion gene. Instead, it started...

  6. A Grand Tour de um brasileiro: a importância da Itália nas ideias de Manuel de Araújo Porto-Alegre

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Letícia Squeff

    Full Text Available Resumo Manuel de Araújo Porto-Alegre (1806-1879 foi um dos mais importantes pensadores do século XIX no Brasil. Este artigo trata da importância que a viagem para a Itália teve na trajetória deste pensador. Os contatos com os clássicos e com o universo das viagens pitorescas marcaram a sua produção como artista. Nos poucos desenhos daquele período que chegaram até nós, percebe-se o gosto pelo pitoresco de um artista sintonizado com a cultura do Grand Tour e com a sensibilidade romântica. Além disso, o aprendizado na Itália familiarizou o brasileiro com valores e métodos em discussão nos meios antiquários e eruditos da época. Graças a isso, Porto-Alegre faria alguns anos depois uma interpretação da história da arte no Brasil inspirada na leitura de autores como Johann J. Winckelmann e Luigi Lanzi. Finalmente, o artigo defende que a passagem pela Itália funcionou, para Porto-Alegre, como uma espécie de atestado simbólico, garantindo- lhe lugar entre os eruditos franceses do Instituto Histórico de Paris, bem como entre os estudiosos do Instituto Histórico Brasileiro. Se fora para a Europa como aspirante a pintor, Porto-Alegre voltou da Itália como um erudito.

  7. opraktan izole edilen Bacillus türlerinin tanımlanması ve biyolojik özelliklerinin araştırılması

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Hatice Katı

    2016-08-01

    Full Text Available Bu çalışmada, Giresun adasından toplanan toprak örneklerinden Bacillus izolasyonu yapılmıştır. Bu izolatlar morfolojik, biyokimyasal ve moleküler olarak tanımlanmıştır. Tanımlanan Bacillus’larda bazı ekstrasellüler enzimlerinin varlığı kalitatif olarak incelenmiştir. Ayrıca Bacillus izolatlarının bazı bakterilere karşı antibakteriyal aktiviteleri agar difüzyon metoduna göre araştırılmıştır. Sonuç olarak 38 izolat B. cereus grubu üyesi, 7 izolat B. thuringiensis, 10 izolat B. megaterium, 6 izolat B. pumilus ve 12 izolat Bacillus sp. olarak tanımlanmıştır. Bacillus izolatlarının ekstrasellüler enzim aktivite sonuçları değerlendirildiğinde 38 izolatın amilaz, 53 izolatın lipaz/esteraz, 16 izolatın kitinaz, 7 izolatın ksilanaz, 2 izolatın pektinaz, 73 izolatın proteaz ve 35 izolatın selülaz enzim aktivitesi pozitif olarak bulunmuştur. Çalışmada kullanılan Bacillus izolatları test edilen mikroorganizmaların gelişmelerini değişik oranlarda engellemiştir. Dokuz izolat yüksek antibakteriyal aktivite göstermiştir.

  8. Digital Augmented Reality Audio Headset

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Jussi Rämö

    2012-01-01

    Full Text Available Augmented reality audio (ARA combines virtual sound sources with the real sonic environment of the user. An ARA system can be realized with a headset containing binaural microphones. Ideally, the ARA headset should be acoustically transparent, that is, it should not cause audible modification to the surrounding sound. A practical implementation of an ARA mixer requires a low-latency headphone reproduction system with additional equalization to compensate for the attenuation and the modified ear canal resonances caused by the headphones. This paper proposes digital IIR filters to realize the required equalization and evaluates a real-time prototype ARA system. Measurements show that the throughput latency of the digital prototype ARA system can be less than 1.4 ms, which is sufficiently small in practice. When the direct and processed sounds are combined in the ear, a comb filtering effect is brought about and appears as notches in the frequency response. The comb filter effect in speech and music signals was studied in a listening test and it was found to be inaudible when the attenuation is 20 dB. Insert ARA headphones have a sufficient attenuation at frequencies above about 1 kHz. The proposed digital ARA system enables several immersive audio applications, such as a virtual audio tourist guide and audio teleconferencing.

  9. Associations between dietary n-6 and n-3 fatty acids and arachidonic acid compositions in plasma and erythrocytes in young and elderly Japanese volunteers

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Kawabata Terue

    2011-08-01

    Full Text Available Abstract Background We reported that the compositions of arachidonic acid (ARA in erythrocytes and plasma phospholipids (PL in the elderly were lower than those in the young, though the ARA intake was nearly identical. Objective We further analyzed data in four study groups with different ages and sexes, and determined that the blood ARA levels were affected by the kinds of dietary fatty acids ingested. Methods One hundred and four healthy young and elderly volunteers were recruited. Dietary records together with photographic records from 28 consecutive days were reviewed and the fatty acid composition in plasma lipid fractions and erythrocyte PL was analyzed. Results No correlations for ARA between dietary fatty acids and blood lipid fractions were observed. A significant negative correlation between eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA + docosahexaenoic acid (DHA intake and ARA composition in erythrocyte PL was observed. ARA composition in erythrocyte PL was significantly lower in elderly subjects than in young subjects, because EPA and DHA intake in elderly subjects was higher than in young subjects. However, after removing the effect of dietary EPA+DHA intake, the ARA composition in erythrocyte PL in elderly subjects was significantly lower than that in young subjects. Conclusions Changes in physical conditions with aging influenced the low ARA composition of erythrocyte in elderly subjects in addition to the effects of dietary EPA and DHA.

  10. Therapy toy for spider phobics

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Arnold S. Chamove

    2007-01-01

    Full Text Available La investigación previa ha mostrado que ver imágenes en la computadora o a otra persona en contacto con arañas es efectivo para la desensibilización, pero ni es tan efectivo como el contacto real con arañas, ni tampoco proporciona al cliente control sobre el estímulo. En este estudio de caso único con réplica, dos mujeres con fobia a las arañas montaron y desmontaron maquetas de arañas de madera en sus casas, de tal forma que mantenían niveles de ansiedad bajos. La comparación con otros tres clientes con fobia a las arañas a los que no se les daban las maquetas, pero que dedicaban un tiempo similar a dibujar arañas, muestra una reducción entre el 20-30% del periodo con el terapeuta, resultando más eficiente la terapia con maquetas. El autor sugiere que el realismo del modelo-maqueta y el control sobre el estímulo permiten al cliente adaptarse a la araña de forma progresiva.

  11. Arachidonic acid and DHA status in pregnant women is not associated with cognitive performance of their children at 4 or 6-7 years.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Crozier, Sarah R; Sibbons, Charlene M; Fisk, Helena L; Godfrey, Keith M; Calder, Philip C; Gale, Catharine R; Robinson, Sian M; Inskip, Hazel M; Baird, Janis; Harvey, Nicholas C; Cooper, Cyrus; Burdge, Graham C

    2018-06-01

    Arachidonic acid (ARA) and DHA, supplied primarily from the mother, are required for early development of the central nervous system. Thus, variations in maternal ARA or DHA status may modify neurocognitive development. We investigated the relationship between maternal ARA and DHA status in early (11·7 weeks) or late (34·5 weeks) pregnancy on neurocognitive function at the age of 4 years or 6-7 years in 724 mother-child pairs from the Southampton Women's Survey cohort. Plasma phosphatidylcholine fatty acid composition was measured in early and late pregnancy. ARA concentration in early pregnancy predicted 13 % of the variation in ARA concentration in late pregnancy (β=0·36, PDHA concentration in early pregnancy predicted 21 % of the variation in DHA concentration in late pregnancy (β=0·46, PDHA nor ARA concentrations in early or late pregnancy were associated significantly with neurocognitive function in children at the age of 4 years or the age of 6-7 years. These findings suggest that ARA and DHA status during pregnancy in the range found in this cohort are unlikely to have major influences on neurocognitive function in healthy children.

  12. Development of a broodstock diet to improve developmental competence of embryos in European eel, Anguilla anguilla

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Støttrup, Josianne Gatt; Tomkiewicz, Jonna; Jacobsen, Charlotte

    2016-01-01

    We examined the effect of dietary arachidonic acid (ARA) and eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) on the production of embryos and hatched larvae in the European eel, Anguilla anguilla. Two diets with high and intermediate levels of ARA and low and intermediate levels of EPA (Feed 1: ARA 1.9%, EPA 4.......2%; Feed 2: ARA 1.2%, EPA 5.1% of total fatty acids) were tested against a commercial diet (DE: ARA: 0.5%, EPA: 8.2% of total fatty acids). After 24 weeks of feeding, ARA levels in the muscles and ovaries increased to 0.9% and 1.3% of total fatty acids, respectively, in Feed 1 and were significantly higher...... than in Feed 2 and DE. Female broodstock was not fed during hormonal treatment to induce vitellogenesis and ovulation. EPA levels in females fed the test diets decreased in the both muscle and ovary and were significantly lower in eggs from females fed Feed 1. The highest percentage of stripped females...

  13. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry screening for phytochemical 4-desmethylsterols accumulated during development of Tunisian peanut kernels (Arachis hypogaea L.).

    Science.gov (United States)

    Cherif, Aicha O; Trabelsi, Hajer; Ben Messaouda, Mhamed; Kâabi, Belhassen; Pellerin, Isabelle; Boukhchina, Sadok; Kallel, Habib; Pepe, Claude

    2010-08-11

    4-Desmethylsterols, the main component of the phytosterol fraction, have been analyzed during the development of Tunisian peanut kernels ( Arachis hypogaea L.), Trabelsia (AraT) and Chounfakhi (AraC), which are monocultivar species, and Arbi (AraA), which is a wild species, by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Immature wild peanut (AraA) showed the highest contents of beta-sitosterol (554.8 mg/100 g of oil), campesterol (228.6 mg/100 g of oil), and Delta(5)-avenasterol (39.0 mg/100 g of oil) followed by peanut cultivar AraC with beta-sitosterol, campesterol, and Delta(5)-avenasterol averages of 267.7, 92.1, and 28.6 mg/100 g of oil, respectively, and similarly for AraT 309.1, 108.4, and 27.4 mg/100 g of oil, respectively, were found. These results suggest that, in immature stages, phytosterol contents can be important regulator factors for the functional quality of peanut oil for the agro-industry chain from plant to nutraceuticals.

  14. Peyniraltı Suyu Tozundan Hazırlanan Sentetik Besi Ortamında Lactobacillus bulgaricus Suşlarının Oluşturduğu Laktik Asit Miktarı Üzerine bir Araştırma

    OpenAIRE

    Beyatlı, Yavuz; Tulumoğlu, Şener

    1991-01-01

    Peyniraltı suyu tozundan altı farklı sentetik besi ortamı hazırlanmıştır. Bu besi ortamlarında 12 adet L. bulgaricus suşunun oluşturduğu laktik asit miktarları tespit edilmiştir. Katkılı besi ortamlarında oluşan laktik asit miktarları, katkısız besi ortamları ile kıyaslandığında daha fazla bulunmuştur. 12 adet L. bulgaricus suşu arasında en fazla laktik asit üretenlerin L. bulgaricus B1, L. bulgaricus B4 ve L. bulgaricus B11 suşları olduğu görülmüştür.  

  15. [Experimental study on aging effect of Angelica sinensis polysaccharides combined with cytarabine on human leukemia KG1alpha cell lines].

    Science.gov (United States)

    Xu, Chun-Yan; Geng, Shan; Liu, Jun; Zhu, Jia-Hong; Zhang, Xian-Ping; Jiang, Rong; Wang, Ya-Ping

    2014-04-01

    The latest findings of our laboratory showed that Angelica sinensis polysaccharide (ASP) showed a definite effect in regulating the aging of hematopoietic stem cells. Leukemia is a type of malignant hematopoietic tumor in hematopoietic stem cells. There have been no relevant reports about ASP's effect in regulating the aging of leukemia cells. In this study, human acute myeloid leukemia (AML) KG1alpha cell lines in logarithmic growth phase were taken as the study object, and were divided into the ASP group, the cytarabine (Ara-C) group, the ASP + Ara-C group and the control group. The groups were respectively treated with different concentration of ASP, Ara-C and ASP + Ara-C for different periods, with the aim to study the effect of ASP combined with Ara-C in regulating the aging of human acute myeloid leukemia KG1alpha cell lines and its relevant mechanism. The results showed that ASP, Ara-C and ASP + Ara-C could obviously inhibit KG1alpha cell proliferation in vitro, block the cells in G0/G1 phase. The cells showed the aging morphological feature. The percentage of positive stained aging cells was dramatically increased, and could significantly up-regulate the expression of aging-related proteins P16 and RB, which were more obvious in the ASP + Ara-C group. In conclusion, the aging mechanism of KG1alpha cell induced by ASP and Ara-C may be related to the regulation of the expression of aging-related proteins, suggesting that the combined administration of ASP and anticancer drugs plays a better role in the treatment of leukemia .

  16. 1-{beta}-D-arabinofuranosylcytosine is cytotoxic in quiescent normal lymphocytes undergoing DNA excision repair

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Yamauchi, Takahiro; Kawai, Yasukazu; Ueda, Takanori [Fukui Medical Univ., Matsuoka (Japan)

    2002-12-01

    We have sought to clarify the potential activity of the S-phase-specific antileukemic agent 1-{beta}-D-arabinofuranosylcytosine (ara-C), an inhibitor of DNA synthesis, in quiescent cells that are substantially non-sensitive to nucleoside analogues. It was hypothesized that the combination of ara-C with DNA damaging agents that initiate DNA repair will expand ara-C cytotoxicity to non-cycling cells. The repair kinetics, which included incision of damaged DNA, gap-filling by DNA synthesis and rejoining by ligation, were evaluated using the single cell gel electrophoresis (Comet) assay and the thymidine incorporation assay. When normal lymphocytes were treated with ultraviolet C or with 1,3-bis(2-chloroethyl)-1-nitrosourea (BCNU), the processes of DNA excision repair were promptly initiated and rapidly completed. When the cells were incubated with ara-C prior to irradiation or BCNU treatment, the steps of DNA synthesis and rejoining in the repair processes were both inhibited. The ara-C-mediated inhibition of the repair processes was concentration-dependent, with the effect peaking at 10{mu}M. The combination of ara-C with these DNA repair initiators exerted subsequent cytotoxicity, which was proportional to the extent of the repair inhibition in the presence of ara-C. In conclusion, ara-C was cytotoxic in quiescent cells undergoing DNA repair. This might be attributed to unrepaired DNA damage that remained in the cells, thereby inducing lethal cytotoxicity. Alternatively, ara-C might exert its own cytotoxicity by inhibiting DNA synthesis in the repair processes. Such a strategy may be effective against a dormant subpopulation in acute leukemia that survives chemotherapy. (author)

  17. 1-β-D-arabinofuranosylcytosine is cytotoxic in quiescent normal lymphocytes undergoing DNA excision repair

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Yamauchi, Takahiro; Kawai, Yasukazu; Ueda, Takanori

    2002-01-01

    We have sought to clarify the potential activity of the S-phase-specific antileukemic agent 1-β-D-arabinofuranosylcytosine (ara-C), an inhibitor of DNA synthesis, in quiescent cells that are substantially non-sensitive to nucleoside analogues. It was hypothesized that the combination of ara-C with DNA damaging agents that initiate DNA repair will expand ara-C cytotoxicity to non-cycling cells. The repair kinetics, which included incision of damaged DNA, gap-filling by DNA synthesis and rejoining by ligation, were evaluated using the single cell gel electrophoresis (Comet) assay and the thymidine incorporation assay. When normal lymphocytes were treated with ultraviolet C or with 1,3-bis(2-chloroethyl)-1-nitrosourea (BCNU), the processes of DNA excision repair were promptly initiated and rapidly completed. When the cells were incubated with ara-C prior to irradiation or BCNU treatment, the steps of DNA synthesis and rejoining in the repair processes were both inhibited. The ara-C-mediated inhibition of the repair processes was concentration-dependent, with the effect peaking at 10μM. The combination of ara-C with these DNA repair initiators exerted subsequent cytotoxicity, which was proportional to the extent of the repair inhibition in the presence of ara-C. In conclusion, ara-C was cytotoxic in quiescent cells undergoing DNA repair. This might be attributed to unrepaired DNA damage that remained in the cells, thereby inducing lethal cytotoxicity. Alternatively, ara-C might exert its own cytotoxicity by inhibiting DNA synthesis in the repair processes. Such a strategy may be effective against a dormant subpopulation in acute leukemia that survives chemotherapy. (author)

  18. Early docosahexaenoic and arachidonic acid supplementation in extremely-low-birth-weight infants.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Robinson, Daniel T; Caplan, Michael; Carlson, Susan E; Yoder, Rachel; Murthy, Karna; Frost, Brandy

    2016-10-01

    Extremely-low-birth-weight (ELBW) infants accrue large deficits in docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and arachidonic acid (ARA) and require improved supplementation strategies. We hypothesized that once daily DHA+ARA drops applied to buccal mucosa will increase blood levels. Thirty ELBW infants were randomized to receive DHA 20 mg/kg/d + ARA 40 or 60 mg/kg/d + ARA 120 mg/kg/d or placebo within 72 h of age for 8 wk duration. Red blood cell phospholipid levels of DHA (primary) and ARA (secondary) were measured at 2 and 8 wk of age. Twenty-eight survivors with a median birth weight of 806 g completed dosing and sampling. Red blood cell levels were similar between the three groups at 2 wk (DHA: 4.62 wt% (interquartile range (IQR) 4.1-5.5) for all, P = 0.29 between groups; ARA: 21.1 wt% (IQR 18.78-22.6) for all, P = 0.41 between groups) and 8 wk (DHA: 6.0 wt% (IQR 5.1-7.1) for all, P = 0.57 between groups; ARA: 20.1 wt% (IQR 18.3-23.1) for all, P = 0.63 between groups). DHA in all infants showed a median increase of 31% from 2 to 8 wk (P 0.6). Daily buccal DHA and ARA supplements did not affect fatty acid levels in ELBW infants.

  19. 9-β-arabinofuranosyladenine preferentially sensitizes radioresistant squamous cell carcinoma cell lines to x-rays

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Heaton, D.

    1992-06-01

    The effect of 9-β-arabinofuranosyladenine (ara-A) on sensitivity to the deleterious effects of x-rays was studied in six squamous cell carcinoma cell lines. Three lines were relatively radioresistant, having D 0 values of 2.31 to 2.89 Gy, and the other three lines were relatively radiosensitive, having D 0 values of between 1.07 and 1.45 Gy. Ara-A (50 or 500 μM) was added to cultures 30 min prior to irradiation and removed 30 min after irradiation, and sensitivity was measured in terms of cell survival. The radiosensitizing effect of ara-A was very dependent on the inherent radiosensitivity of the tumor cell line. Fifty micromolar concentrations of ara-A sensitized only the two most radioresistant lines, SCC-12B.2 and JSQ-3. Five hundred micromolar concentrations of ara-A sensitized the more sensitive cell lines, SQ-20B and SQ-9G, but failed to have any effect on the radiation response of the two most sensitive cell lines, SQ-38 and SCC-61. Concentrations of ara-A as low as 10 μM were equally efficient in inhibiting DNA synthesis in all six cell lines. These results suggest that the target for the radiosensitizing effect of ara-A is probably related to the factor controlling the inherent radiosensitivity of human tumor cells. Therefore, ara-A might be useful in overcoming radiation resistance in vivo

  20. 9-{beta}-arabinofuranosyladenine preferentially sensitizes radioresistant squamous cell carcinoma cell lines to x-rays

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Heaton, D. [Rush Univ. Medical Center, Chicago, IL (United States). Therapeutic Radiology; Mustafi, R. [Chicago Univ., IL (United States). Dept. of Radiation and Cellular Oncology; Schwartz, J.L. [Chicago Univ., IL (United States). Dept. of Radiation and Cellular Oncology]|[Argonne National Lab., IL (United States)

    1992-06-01

    The effect of 9-{beta}-arabinofuranosyladenine (ara-A) on sensitivity to the deleterious effects of x-rays was studied in six squamous cell carcinoma cell lines. Three lines were relatively radioresistant, having D{sub 0} values of 2.31 to 2.89 Gy, and the other three lines were relatively radiosensitive, having D{sub 0} values of between 1.07 and 1.45 Gy. Ara-A (50 or 500 {mu}M) was added to cultures 30 min prior to irradiation and removed 30 min after irradiation, and sensitivity was measured in terms of cell survival. The radiosensitizing effect of ara-A was very dependent on the inherent radiosensitivity of the tumor cell line. Fifty micromolar concentrations of ara-A sensitized only the two most radioresistant lines, SCC-12B.2 and JSQ-3. Five hundred micromolar concentrations of ara-A sensitized the more sensitive cell lines, SQ-20B and SQ-9G, but failed to have any effect on the radiation response of the two most sensitive cell lines, SQ-38 and SCC-61. Concentrations of ara-A as low as 10 {mu}M were equally efficient in inhibiting DNA synthesis in all six cell lines. These results suggest that the target for the radiosensitizing effect of ara-A is probably related to the factor controlling the inherent radiosensitivity of human tumor cells. Therefore, ara-A might be useful in overcoming radiation resistance in vivo.

  1. Co-delivery of a growth factor and a tissue-protective molecule using elastin biopolymers accelerates wound healing in diabetic mice.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Devalliere, Julie; Dooley, Kevin; Hu, Yong; Kelangi, Sarah S; Uygun, Basak E; Yarmush, Martin L

    2017-10-01

    Growth factor therapy is a promising approach for chronic diabetic wounds, but strategies to efficiently and cost-effectively deliver active molecules to the highly proteolytic wound environment remain as major obstacles. Here, we re-engineered keratinocyte growth factor (KGF) and the cellular protective peptide ARA290 into a protein polymer suspension with the purpose of increasing their proteolytic resistance, thus their activity in vivo. KGF and ARA290 were fused with elastin-like peptide (ELP), a protein polymer derived from tropoelastin, that confers the ability to separate into a colloidal suspension of liquid-like coacervates. ELP fusion did not diminish peptides activities as demonstrated by ability of KGF-ELP to accelerate keratinocyte proliferation and migration, and ARA290-ELP to protect cells from apoptosis. We examined the healing effect of ARA290-ELP and KGF-ELP alone or in combination, in a full-thickness diabetic wound model. In this model, ARA290-ELP was found to accelerate healing, notably by increasing angiogenesis in the wound bed. We further showed that co-delivery of ARA290 and KGF, with the 1:4 KGF-ELP to ARA290-ELP ratio, was the most effective wound treatment with the fastest healing rate, the thicker granulation tissue and regenerated epidermis after 28 days. Overall, this study shows that ARA290-ELP and KGF-ELP constitute promising new therapeutics for treatment of chronic wounds. Copyright © 2017 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

  2. Lowering dietary n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids: interaction with brain arachidonic and docosahexaenoic acids.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Alashmali, Shoug M; Hopperton, Kathryn E; Bazinet, Richard P

    2016-02-01

    Arachidonic (ARA) and docosahexaenoic (DHA) acids are the most abundant polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) in the brain, where they have many biological effects, including on inflammation, cell-signaling, appetite regulation, and blood flow. The Western diet contains a high ratio of n-6: n-3 PUFA. Although interest in lowering this ratio has largely focused on increasing intake of n-3 PUFA, few studies have examined lowering dietary n-6 PUFA. This review will evaluate the effect of lowering dietary n-6 PUFA on levels and metabolism of ARA and DHA in animal models and in humans, with a primary focus on the brain. In animal models, lowering dietary ARA or linoleic acid generally lowers levels of brain ARA and raises DHA. Lowering dietary n-6 PUFA can also modulate the levels of ARA and DHA metabolizing enzymes, as well as their associated bioactive mediators. Human studies examining changes in plasma fatty acid composition following n-6 PUFA lowering demonstrate no changes in levels of ARA and DHA, though there is evidence of alterations in their respective bioactive mediators. Lowering dietary n-6 PUFA, in animal models, can alter the levels and metabolism of ARA and DHA in the brain, but it remains to be determined whether these changes are clinically meaningful.

  3. Development of a broodstock diet to improve developmental competence of embryos in European eel, Anguilla anguilla

    NARCIS (Netherlands)

    Støttrup, J.G.; Tomkiewicz, J.; Jacobsen, C.; Heinsbroek, L.T.N.

    2016-01-01

    We examined the effect of dietary arachidonic acid (ARA) and eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) on the production of embryos and hatched larvae in the European eel, Anguilla anguilla. Two diets with high and intermediate levels of ARA and low and intermediate levels of EPA (Feed 1: ARA 1.9%, EPA 4.2%;

  4. 1911-1918 Yılları Arasında Türk Yurdu Dergisine Konu Olan Bazı Tartışma ve Polemikler / Some Polemics and Discussions which were Subjected In Turk Yurdu Magazine Between 1911-1918

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Ümmet Erkan

    2016-01-01

    Bazı Tartışma ve Polemikler  Öz Türk Yurdu Dergisi 1911 yılında yayın hayatına başlamış, Türk milliyetçiliinin en uzun soluklu yayın organıdır. Rusya Türklerinin öncülük ettiği dergide Türklüğün her alanda yükselmesi amaçlanmıştır. Bu makalede Türk Yurdu dergisinin 1911-1918 yılları arasındaki sayılarından yola çıkılarak dergideki bazı kalem tartışmaları, mektuplar ve onlara verilen cevaplar incelenecektir. Bu kalem tartışmalarında Türkçenin sadeleştirilmesinden ne anlaşılması gerektiği ve sınırları, eğitimde ideal eksikliği, eğitim dilinin Türkçe olması ve azınlık okullarının Osmanlı sosyal bünyesine verdiği zararlar, Tanzimatçı reform programının başarılı olup olmadığı ve nedenleri, milli kimliğin dini aidiyete zarar verip vermeyeceği konuları ele alınacaktır. Türk Yurdu dergisi yazarları ile dönemin diğer önemli entelektüellerinin çeşitli gazete ve dergilerde dâhil olduğu bu kalem tartışmaları zengin bir muhteva kazanmıştır. Bu tartışmalar dönemin entelektüel fikir hareketleri ve siyasi akımlar hakkında önemli bilgiler içermektedir. Bu araştırma, yapılan tartışma ve polemiklerin hangi konular etrafında yoğunlaştığını ve Türk Yurdu dergisinin bu tartışma ve polemiklerde ne tür bir yöntem izlediğini ortaya koymaktadır.

  5. Is arachidonic acid an endoschistosomicide?

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Violette Said Hanna

    2018-05-01

    Full Text Available Schistosoma mansoni and Schistosoma haematobium are intravascular, parasitic flatworms that infect >250 million people in 70 developing countries, yet not all people of the same community and household are afflicted. Regarding laboratory rodents, mice but not rats are susceptible to infection with S. mansoni and hamsters but not mice are entirely permissive to infection with S. haematobium. A recent Brazilian publication has demonstrated that resistance of the water-rat, Nectomys squamipes to S. mansoni infection might be ascribed to stores of arachidonic acid (ARA-rich lipids in liver. Several reports have previously shown that ARA is a safe and effective schistosomicide in vitro, and in vivo in mice, hamsters and in children. Schistosoma haematobium appeared more sensitive than S. mansoni to ARA in in vitro and in vivo experiments. Accordingly, it was proposed that ARA increased levels might be predominantly responsible for natural attrition of S. mansoni and S. haematobium in resistant experimental rodents. Therefore, the levels of ARA in serum, lung, and liver of rats (resistant and mice (susceptible at 1, 2, 3, 4 and 6 weeks after infection with S. mansoni cercariae and between mice (semi-permissive and hamster (susceptible at 1, 2, 3, 4, and 12 weeks after infection with S. haematobium cercariae were compared and contrasted. Neutral triglycerides and ARA levels were assessed in serum using commercially available assays and in liver and lung sections by transmission electron microscopy, Oil Red O staining, and specific anti-ARA antibody-based immunohistochemistry assays. Significant (P < .05, consistent, and reproducible correlation was recorded between ARA content in serum, lung, and liver and rodent resistance to schistosome infection, thereby implicating ARA as an endoschistosomicide. Keywords: Schistosoma mansoni, Schistosoma haematobium, Rat schistosomiasis, Arachidonic acid, Oil Red O staining, Immunohistochemistry

  6. Kamu İktisadi Teşebbüslerinin Aktiflerinde Yer Alan Maddi Duran Varlıkların Envanter ve Değerleme Araştırması: Elektrik Üretim Anonim Şirketi Genel Müdürlüğü Hirfanlı Hidroelektrik Santrali İşletmesi Örneği

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Yesim Ali̇efendi̇oglu

    2017-04-01

    Full Text Available Bu araştırmada, kamu iktisadi teşekkülü olarak faaliyet gösteren Elektrik Üretim Anonim Şirketi (EÜAŞ Genel Müdürlüğü Hirfanlı Hidroelektrik Santrali (HES İşletmesi’nin aktifinde kayıtlı maddi duran varlıklarının gerçeğe uygun değerleri ile envanter kayıtlarında yer alan tarihi (net değerleri karşılaştırılmıştır. Araştırmada varlık değerleme çalışmasında; bilimsel esaslar, uluslararası standartlar ve mevzuatın amir hükümlerine göre gerçekleştirilmiş ve işletmenin varlıkların değerlenmesinde piyasa değeri (emsal değer, ikame değeri, maliyet yönetimi ve diğer değerleme ölçütlerinden faydalanılmıştır. İşletmenin mevcut mali kayıtlarına göre maddi duran varlıklarının 2016 yılının fiyatları üzerinden toplam değerinin (8.872.054,07 TL, söz konusu varlıkların güncel değerinden (54.342.356,11 TL yaklaşık 6 kat daha düşük olduğu ve doğal olarak işletmenin varlık değerinin olduğundan çok daha düşük olarak kayıtlara yansıtıldığı dikkati çekmektedir. Araştırma sonuçlarına göre işletmenin maddi duran varlıkların envanter ve değerleme çalışmalarının, gerçek varlık değerlerinin analiz edilmesi ve çıkan sonuçların finansal yönden yorumlaması bakımından anlamlı olduğu ortaya konulmuştur.

  7. Sığır Etinde Su Tutma Kapasitesi ve Serbest Su Oranı Değişimi Üzerine bir Araştırma

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Aydın Öztan

    2015-02-01

    Full Text Available Kesimden sonra ette pH değişimi, etin serbest su oranı ve su tutma kapasitesinin belirlenmesinde en önemli kriterdir. Bu araştırmada; 12 adet sığır karkasında M. Trapezius kasında kesimde, kesimden 1 saat 24 saat ve 48 saat sonra pH ölçümleri yapılmış, kompressium yöntemi ile serbest su oranı ve üç farklı yöntemle su tutma kapasitesi saptanmıştır. Pres yönteminde; süzgeç kağıtlarında toplam su alanı (T ve et alanı (Ev ek scanner ile taranmış, bilgisayarda alan ölçümleri yapılmıştır. PH-değeri bakımından zaman ve hayvan değişkenleri önemli bulunmuştur. Ette serbest su oranı rigor mortis döneminde (24 saat artmış, daha sonra düşmeye başlamıştır. Örneklerde su tutma kapasitesi kesimden başlayarak olgunlaşma periyodunda rigor mortis sonuna kadar düşmüş, daha sonra yükselmeye başlamıştır.

  8. Effects of dietary fatty acids on the production and quality of eggs and larvae of Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua L.)

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Røjbek, Maria; Støttrup, Josianne; Jacobsen, Charlotte

    2014-01-01

    Cultivated Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua) entering their first year of gamete maturation were fed diets with different levels of arachidonic acid (ARA) and eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) for 6.5 months prior to commencement of spawning. Gravid females were stripped three times: at the beginning, peak......–173% higher in eggs than in diets. Cod fed the diet with the lowest EPA/ARA ratio had the greatest egg production. Eggs from fish on a diet with high ARA level had significantly higher fertilization and hatching success than those fed low levels of ARA. This diet produced on average 71 viable eggs g 1 female...

  9. Freqüência e variáveis associadas ao aleitamento materno em crianças com até 12 meses de idade no município de Araçatuba, São Paulo, Brazil Frequency and associated variables to breastfeeding among infant up to 12 months of age in Araçatuba, State of São Paulo, Brazil

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Nemre Adas Saliba

    2008-12-01

    Full Text Available OBJETIVOS: avaliar a prevalência do aleitamento materno em crianças assistidas em Araçatuba, São Paulo, Brasil; verificar a associação com variáveis materno-infantis e o conhecimento das mães sobre a relação da amamentação com saúde bucal. MÉTODOS: estudo transversal. Os dados foram coletados durante a Campanha Nacional de Vacinação, em 2005. Foram entrevistadas 100 mães de crianças com até 12 meses de idade. A freqüência do aleitamento foi estimada por meio da análise de sobrevivência, e foram realizadas análises estatísticas para verificação da associação entre aleitamento e variáveis independentes. RESULTADOS: a prevalência do aleitamento aos 6 e 12 meses foi de 22,2% (exclusivo e 65% (total. A duração mediana da amamentação exclusiva foi de 3,65 meses. As variáveis associadas ao desmame foram uso de mamadeira (χ2=9,537; p=0,002 e chupeta (χ2= 14,667; p=0,001. Poucas mães (33 demonstraram saber a influência do aleitamento sobre a saúde bucal de seus filhos, sendo o cirurgião-dentista o profissional mais citado como responsável por essa informação. CONCLUSÕES: a prevalência da amamentação foi satisfatória, porém foram baixas as taxas de aleitamento exclusivo, e como fatores determinantes destacaram-se o uso de mamadeiras e chupetas associado ao desmame. É dever de órgãos governamentais, meios de comunicação e profissionais de saúde compactuarem ações efetivas em prol do aleitamento.OBJECTIVES: to evaluate the prevalence of breastfeeding among infants receiving care in Araçatuba, in the State of São Paulo, Brazil; to assess associated variables relating to mother and child and the mother's knowledge regarding the relationship between breastfeeding and oral health. METHODS: cross-sectional study. Data was collected during the National Immunization Campaign, in 2005. One hundred mothers of children up to 12 months of age were interviewed. The frequency of breastfeeding was estimated

  10. An Analysis of School Principals’ Listening Skills According To Teacher Feedback

    OpenAIRE

    YAVUZ, MUSTAFA

    2014-01-01

    Araştırmada; öğretmenlerin geri bildirimlerine göre, okul müdürlerinin dinleme becerileri öğretmenlerinsahip oldukları bazı değişkenler bakımından incelenmiştir. Araştırma genel tarama modelindedir. Araştırmanın evrenini,2007–2008 öğretim yılında Konya, Türkiye’de görev yapan 23287 öğretmen oluşturmaktadır. Araştırmanın örneklemi ise,evrenden tesadüfî örnekleme yöntemi ile seçilen 477 ilköğretim, genel ve mesleki ortaöğretim öğretmeninden oluşmaktadır.Araştırma sonucunda; öğretmenlerin çalışt...

  11. Diversidad de arañas (Araneae, Araneomorphae en la selva de montaña: un caso de estudio en las Yungas Argentinas

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Rubio, Gonzalo D.

    2015-12-01

    Full Text Available The spider diversity from yungas vegetation in northwestern Argentina is studied, integrating two levels: local (α diversity, community structures and a projection at regional level of diversity (β diversity. Twenty six sites in Salta Province were sampled, representing different ambient/altitudinal strata of yungas sensu stricto (SP= pedemontane rainforest, SM= montane rainforest and BM= montane forest, yungas sensu lato (Cc-s= yungas central and southern sectors connectivity areas, YT= transitional yungas, and Chaco Serrano sites (ChS as contrast. The sampling was carried out seasonally for one year taking 10 samples of vegetation with G-Vac method. A total of 6412 spiders, 188 species and 34 families were obtained (only yungas. Theridiidae, Anyphaenidae and Linyphiidae were dominant. The highest richness was observed in Araneidae, Salticidae and Theridiidae. >em>Chibchea salta (Pholcidae, Dubiaranea msp111 (Linyphiidae and Mysmena msp110 (Mysmenidae were dominant species. Relevant differences in species composition and abundance highlighted two groups of environment (Cc-s+SP+YT+ChS vs. (SM+BM. Dictynidae, Oxyopidae and Philodromidae are associated with lower altitudinal floors (Cc-s, YT, ChS. The greatest species richness and diversity were recorded in SP and YT. The highest similarity was recorded in SM and BM; the major differences were observed in Cc-s and ChS compared with the other ambient, except with SP. Complementarity and similarity indices and coefficients revealed high β diversity in the region. Thus, it is suggested that besides reinforcing protection in transitional levels Yungas (the most disturbed and diverse habitats for spiders, conservation management in the area should be directed towards promoting natural spatial heterogeneity of Yungas, giving special emphasis to habitat mosaics that constitute each different stratum.Se estudia la diversidad de arañas de vegetación de las yungas del noroeste argentino, integrando dos

  12. Cytosine arabinoside influx and nucleoside transport sites in acute leukemia.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Wiley, J S; Jones, S P; Sawyer, W H; Paterson, A R

    1982-02-01

    Although cytosine arabinoside (araC) can induce a remission in a majority of patients presenting with acute myeloblastic leukemia (AML), a minority fail to respond and moreover the drug has less effect in acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). The carrier-mediated influx of araC into purified blasts from patients with AML, ALL, and acute undifferentiated leukemia (AUL) has been compared to that of normal lymphocytes and polymorphs. Blasts showed a larger mediated influx of araC than mature cells, since mean influxes for myeloblasts and lymphoblasts were 6- and 2.3-fold greater than polymorphs and lymphocytes, respectively. Also, the mean influx for myeloblasts was fourfold greater than the mean for lymphoblasts. The number of nucleoside transport sites was estimated for each cell type by measuring the equilibrium binding of [(3)H]nitrobenzylthioinosine (NBMPR), which inhibits nucleoside fluxes by binding with high affinity to specific sites on the transport mechanism. The mean binding site numbers for myeloblasts and lymphoblasts were 5- and 2.8-fold greater, respectively, than for the mature cells of the same maturation series. The mean number of NBMPR binding sites for myeloblasts was fourfold greater than for lymphoblasts. Patients with AUL were heterogeneous since blasts from some gave values within the myeloblastic range and others within the lymphoblastic range. The araC influx correlated closely with the number of NBMPR binding sites measured in the same cells on the same day. Transport parameters were measured on blasts from 15 patients with AML or AUL who were then treated with standard induction therapy containing araC. Eight patients entered complete remission, while seven failed therapy, among whom were the three patients with the lowest araC influx (myeloblasts have both higher araC transport rates and more nucleoside transport sites than lymphoblasts and this factor may contribute to the greater sensitivity of AML to this drug. AraC transport varied >10

  13. Targeting the innate repair receptor to treat neuropathy

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Albert Dahan

    2016-07-01

    Full Text Available Abstract. The innate repair receptor (IRR is a heteromer of the erythropoietin receptor and the β-common (CD131 receptor, which simultaneously activates anti-inflammatory and tissue repair pathways. Experimental data suggest that after peripheral nerve injury, the IRR is upregulated in the spinal cord and modulates the neurogenic inflammatory response. The recently introduced selective IRR agonist ARA290 is an 11-amino acid peptide initially tested in animal models of neuropathy. After sciatic nerve injury, ARA290 produced a rapid and long-term relief of mechanical and cold allodynia in normal mice, but not in animals with a β-common receptor knockout phenotype. In humans, ARA290 has been evaluated in patients with small fiber neuropathy associated with sarcoidosis or type 2 diabetes (T2D mellitus. In patients with sarcoidosis, ARA290 significantly improved neuropathic and autonomic symptoms, as well as quality of life as assessed by the small fiber neuropathy screening list questionnaire. In addition, ARA290 treatment for 28 days initiated a regrowth of small nerve fibers in the cornea, but not in the epidermis. In patients with T2D, the results were similar to those observed in patients with sarcoidosis along with an improved metabolic profile. In both populations, ARA290 lacked significant adverse effects. These experimental and clinical studies show that ARA290 effectively reprograms a proinflammatory, tissue-damaging milieu into one of healing and tissue repair. Further clinical trials with long-term treatment and follow-up are needed to assess the full potential of IRR activation by ARA290 as a disease-modifying therapy in neuropathy of various etiologies.

  14. Probes of eukaryotic DNA-dependent RNA polymerase II-I. Binding of 9-beta-D-arabinofuranosyl-6-mercaptopurine to the elongation subsite.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Cho, J M; Kimball, A P

    1982-08-15

    9-beta-D-Arabinofuranosyl-6-mercaptopurine (ara-6-MP) was used to affinity-label wheat germ DNA-dependent RNA polymerase II (or B) (nucleosidetriphosphate:RNA nucleotidyltransferase, EC 2.7.7.6). This nucleoside analogue was found to be a competitive inhibitor with respect to [3H]UMP incorporation. Natural substrates protected the enzyme from inactivation by ara-6-MP when the enzyme was preincubated with excess concentrations of substrates, suggesting that the inhibitor binds at the elongation subsite. The inhibitor bound the catalytic center of the enzyme with a stoichiometry of 0.6:1. The sulfhydryl reagent, dithiothreitol, reversed the inhibition by ara-6-MP, suggesting that the 6-thiol group of the inhibitor was interacting closely with an essential cysteine residue in the catalytic center of the enzyme. Chromatographic analysis of the pronase-digestion products of the RNA polymerase II-ara-6-MP complex also showed that ara-6-MP had bound a cysteine residue. Sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis of the denatured [6-35S]ara-6-MP-labeled RNA polymerase II revealed that over 80% of the radioactivity was associated with the IIb subunit of the enzyme.

  15. Ateş Şikayeti İle Acil Servise Getirilen Çocuklarda Ateş Olgularının Değerlendirilmesi

    OpenAIRE

    ÖZTÜRK, Özlem; TOPAN, Aysel; AYYILDIZ, Tülay KUZLU

    2015-01-01

    Amaç: Bu çalışma, ateş şikayeti ile acil servise getirilen çocuklarda ateş olgularının değerlendirilmesi amacıyla tanımlayıcı olarak yapılmıştır.Gereç ve Yöntemler: Tanımlayıcı kesitsel tipte araştırmadır. Araştırma, 1 Şubat-1 Mayıs 2014 tarihleri arasında Kadın Doğum ve Çocuk Hastanesi Acil Servisi’nde gerçekleştirilmiştir. Araştırmanın örneklemini belirtilen tarihlerde araştırmaya katılmayı kabul eden 112 çocuk ve ebeveyni oluşturmuştur. Veri toplama aracı olarak 17 sorudan oluşan anket for...

  16. OKUL ÖNCESİ EĞİTİMİ ÖĞRETMENLİĞİ LİSANS ÖĞRENCİLERİNİN BENLİK SAYGISI VE EMPATİK BECERİLERİ ARASINDAKİ İLİŞKİLERİN İNCELENMESİ

    OpenAIRE

    KÖRÜKÇÜ, Özlem; GÜNDOĞAN, Aysun; OGELMAN, Hülya GÜLAY

    2016-01-01

    Araştırmanın amacı, okul öncesi öğretmenliği lisans öğrencilerinin benlik saygıları ile empatik becerileri arasında ilişkiyi incelemektir. Araştırmanın çalışma grubuna Pamukkale Üniversitesi Eğitim Fakültesi İlköğretim Bölümü Okul Öncesi Öğretmenliği Programına devam etmiş, üçüncü ve dördüncü sınıf öğrencileri dahil edilmiştir. Araştırmada, veri toplama araçları olarak “Kişisel Bilgi Formu” ve Dökmen (1988) tarafından geliştirilen“Empatik Beceri Ölçeği B Formu” (EBÖ-B Formu) ve Coopersmith (1...

  17. Ortaöğretim dokuzuncu sınıf matematik ders kitabına ilişkin öğretmen ve öğrenci görüşleri

    OpenAIRE

    Karaca Gün, Canan

    2009-01-01

    Bu araştırmanın amacı, ortaöğretim okullarının 9. sınıflarında okutulan matematik ders kitabına ilişkin öğretmen ve öğrenci görüşlerini belirlemektir. Araştırmanın çalışma evrenini, Aydın il merkezindeki toplam 19 ortaöğretim okulunda görev yapan matematik öğretmenleri ve bu okullarda öğrenim gören 9. sınıf öğrencileri oluşturmaktadır. Araştırmada nicel araştırma ve nitel araştırma yöntemleri birlikte kullanılarak, sayısal veriler sözel veriler ile desteklenmiştir. Örneklem seçimi iki farklı ...

  18. Ankara’daki Askeri Birliklerin İhtiyacı İçin Alınan Sığır Etlerinin Mikrobiyolojik Kaliteleri Üzerinde Araştırmalar

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Göksel Nursoy

    2015-02-01

    Full Text Available Bu çalışma, Ankara’daki askeri birlikler için Et ve Balık Kurumu’ndan satın alınan sığır etlerinin, teslim aşamasında ve tüketim için mutfakta parçalama işlemi yapıldıktan sonra mikrobiyolojik kalitelerinin belirlenmesi amacı ile ele alınmıştır.           Karkas ve parça et örnekleri aerob genel canlı, enterobakteri, stafilokok-mikrokok, koliform bakteri, enterokok, laktobasil, psikrofilik bakteri, maya ve küf, pseudomonas, E. coli sülfit indirgeyen anaerob ve S. aureus yönünden incelenmiştir. Sonuç olarak karkasların ve bunlara ait parça etlerin araştırılan mikroorganizmalar yönünden oldukça yüksek düzeyde kontamine oldukları, etle ilgili personelin, et parçalamada kullanılan alet ve ekipmanın bu kontaminasyonda en büyük kaynağı oluşturdukları, gerek nakliye, gerekse etin parçalanması aşamalarında hijyen kurallarının yeterince uygulanmadığı gözlenmiştir.

  19. Toprak Solucanlarından Elde Edilen Vermikompostun Bazı Bitki Patojenleri Üzerindeki Antimikrobiyal Aktivitelerinin Araştırılması

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Uğur Tutar

    2012-12-01

    Full Text Available Toprak solucanlarının, organik atıkları biyolojik olarak parçalayarak ayrıştırmaları ile oluşturdukları “vemikompost” un, bazı patojen bakteri ve funguslara karşı etkili oldukları yapılan çeşitli araştırmalarla saptanmıştır. Bu çalışmada, Eisenia fetida türü toprak solucanlarından elde edilen vermikompostun; etanol ve kloroform solventleri kullanılarak elde edilen ekstrelerinin, bitkilerde hastalıklara neden olan toprak kaynaklı patojen 9 adet bakteri ve 9 adet fungusa karşı etkinliklerinin belirlenmesi amacıyla “disk difüzyon” ve “MIC” testleri uygulanmıştır. Çalışma sonuçlarına göre, toprak solucanlarından elde edilen vermikompostun kloroform ile elde edilen ekstrelerinin Pseudomonas syringae, Xhantomonas carotae, Sclerotinia sclerotiorum, Fusarim oxysporum, Aspergillus humicola ve Aspergillus fumigatus’ a karşı etkileri güçlü olurken Erwinia chrysanthemi, Pseudomonas fluorescens, ve Penicillium brevicompactum’ a karşı etkilerinin daha zayıf olduğu görülmüştür. Vermikompostun etanol ile elde edilen ekstrelerinin ise Pseudomonas syringae, Xhantomonas campestris ve Aspergillus fumigatus’ a karşı etkilerinin güçlü olduğu, Erwinia herbicola, Erwinia chrysanthemi ve Sclerotinia sclerotiorum’ a  karşı ise daha zayıf bir etki gösterdiği saptanmıştır.

  20. The impact of renal artery stenosis on outcomes after open-heart surgery.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Philip, Femi; Gornik, Heather L; Rajeswaran, Jeevanantham; Blackstone, Eugene H; Shishehbor, Mehdi H

    2014-02-04

    The aim of this study was to assess the impact of atherosclerotic renal artery stenosis (ARAS) on outcomes after open-heart surgery (OHS). Acute kidney injury after OHS portends significant morbidity and mortality. Data from all adult patients undergoing OHS from January 2000 to April 2010 who underwent renal duplex ultrasound were prospectively collected. ARAS was severe (60% to 99% stenosis) if peak systolic velocity was >200 cm/s. The associations between ARAS and post-operative reduction in glomerular filtration rate (GFR), need for renal replacement therapy, length of stay, and overall short-term and long-term mortality (up to 8 years) were tested using multivariate time-to-event adjusted analysis. A total of 714 patients were evaluated, with a mean age of 67 ± 12 years (63% men) and a mean GFR of 52 ± 25.9 ml/min/1.73 m(2). A total of 206 (29%) had ARAS; of these, 79% (n = 163) had unilateral and 21% (n = 43) had bilateral ARAS. ARAS was associated with peripheral artery disease (p = 0.004) and lower high-density lipoprotein levels (p = 0.04). Patients with advanced age (p = 0.01) and descending aorta grafting (p = 0.004) had significant post-operative reductions in GFR. Adjusted models showed a nonsignificant trend between ARAS and reduction in GFR (p = 0.09). ARAS was not associated with need for renal replacement therapy (p = 0.4), longer length of stay (p = 0.7), or mortality (p = 0.7), but low pre-operative GFR was a strong predictor of long-term mortality. ARAS does not appear to be associated with post-operative change in GFR, need for hemodialysis, longer length of stay, or mortality in patients undergoing OHS. Copyright © 2014 American College of Cardiology Foundation. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

  1. Mobilya ve Diğer Orman Ürünleri İşletmelerinde Müşteri İlişkileri Yönetimi Üzerine Bir Araştırma (İstanbul İli Örneği)

    OpenAIRE

    AKYÜZ, İlker; AKYÜZ, Kadri Cemil; ERSEN, Nadir; BEKER, Muhammet

    2017-01-01

    Müşteri İlişkileri Yönetimi(CRM), bugünün müşteri odaklı iş dünyasında ve yoğun rekabet ortamında ayaktakalmak isteyen herkes için vazgeçilmez bir yönetim aracı haline gelmiştir.Müşteri İlişkileri Yönetimi, satış, pazarlama ve servis süreçlerini daha etkinhale getirmek için geliştirilmiş işletme stratejisi ya da kültürüdür.Müşterilerin ihtiyaçları temel alınarak, işletmenin rekabet gücünü arttırmakiçin yeniden yapılanma olarak ta tanımlanabilir. Her araç gibi müşteriilişkileri yönetimi sistem...

  2. Effects of β-arabinofuranosyladenine on the growth and repair of potentially lethal damage in Ehrlich ascites tumor cells

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Iliakis, G.

    1980-01-01

    β-D-Arabinofuranosyladenine (β-araA) inhibit the growth of Ehrlich ascites tumor cells by selective inhibition of DNA polymerases. RNA and protein synthesis are not significantly affected. Addition of β-araA to the cells after irradiation resulted in a concentration-dependent decrease in survival, presumably due to the inhibition of the repair of potentially lethal damage. Since β-araA selectively inhibits DNA polymerases it is suggested that repair of potentially lethal damage involves steps at the DNA level which require some polymerization. These repair steps take place in the DNA with a velocity comparable to that of the repair of potentially lethal damage. The inhibition of the repair of potentially lethal damage by β-araA was modified by the addition of deoxyadenosine; this supports the finding that β-araA acts competitively against dATP at the molecular level. The inhibition of the repair of potentially lethal damage by β-araA, which is partly reversible, resulted in a concentration-dependent modification of the survival curve. At low concentrations of β-araA a dose-modifying decrease in survival was observed. At higher concentrations (more than 12 μM) the decrease in survival resulted in a decrease of the shoulder width of the survival curve. Eventually an exponential curve was obtained. We suggest therefore that the shoulder of the survival curve results from some repair or potentially lethal damage. Preliminary information has been obtained on the time course of this repair

  3. Public Relations In Strategic Management: The Case Of Metropolitan Municipalities In Turkey Stratejik Yönetimde Halkla İlişkiler: Türkiye Büyükşehir Belediyeleri Araştırması

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Hasan GÜLLÜPUNAR

    2013-07-01

    ından hazırlanan stratejik planlarbağlamında ele alınmıştır. Onaltı büyükşehir belediyesinin stratejikplanları halkla ilişkiler yaklaşımı bakımından içerik analize yöntemi ileincelenmiştir.Çalışma stratejik planlama sürecinde halkla ilişiklerin kabuledilen bir gerçek olduğunu ancak bunun etkin bir uygulamayadönüşmediğini ortaya koymuştur. Halkla ilişkiler birimi ve diğerdepartmanlar arasında yeterli bir koordinasyonun olmaması, kaliteninyükseltilmesi ve hizmetlerde etkililik bakımından halkla ilişkilerbirimiyle koordineli bir çalışma kültürünün bulunmaması ve stratejikyönetimin amaç ve hedeflerinde halkla ilişkiler birimine görev vesorumluluklar verilmemesi uygulamada ortaya çıkan önemli eksikliklerolarak düşünülebilir.Çalışmada Türkiye’deki halkla ilişkilerin önemini ve rolünüanlamak için büyükşehir belediyelerinin stratejik planları analizedilmektedir. Dolayısıyla bu araştırma stratejik planlama sürecindehalkla ilişkilerin öneminin ve rolünün anlaşılmasına katkısağlamaktadır. Çünkü bu çalışma, halkla ilişkilere odaklanarakstratejik planlama ile ilgili Türkiye’de yapılan ilk çalışmalardan biridir.Araştırma bulguları Türkiye’deki büyükşehir belediyelerinin stratejikplanlama sürecinde halkla ilişkilerin yerini ortaya koymaktadır.

  4. Temel eğitimden ortaöğretime geçiş sınavlarına ilişkin 9. sınıf öğrencilerinin görüşleri

    OpenAIRE

    Akman, Ozan

    2017-01-01

    Araştırmanın amacı, temel eğitimden ortaöğretime geçişte yapılmakta olan Temel Eğitimden Ortaöğretime Geçiş (TEOG) Sınavlarına ilişkin dokuzuncu sınıf öğrencilerinin görüşlerinin incelenmesidir. Araştırmada betimsel araştırma yöntemlerinden tarama modeli çerçevesinde nicel yöntem kullanılmıştır. Araştırmanın evrenini 2015-2016 eğitim öğretim yılında Zonguldak ili Ereğli ilçesinde devlet okullarında öğrenim gören 2715 dokuzuncu sınıf öğrencisi oluşturmaktadır. Araştırmanın örneklemini 1022 öğr...

  5. Wastewater recycling technology for fermentation in polyunsaturated fatty acid production.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Song, Xiaojin; Ma, Zengxin; Tan, Yanzhen; Zhang, Huidan; Cui, Qiu

    2017-07-01

    To reduce fermentation-associated wastewater discharge and the cost of wastewater treatment, which further reduces the total cost of DHA and ARA production, this study first analyzed the composition of wastewater from Aurantiochytrium (DHA) and Mortierella alpina (ARA) fermentation, after which wastewater recycling technology for these fermentation processes was developed. No negative effects of DHA and ARA production were observed when the two fermentation wastewater methods were cross-recycled. DHA and ARA yields were significantly inhibited when the wastewater from the fermentation process was directly reused. In 5-L fed-batch fermentation experiments, using this cross-recycle technology, the DHA and ARA yields were 30.4 and 5.13gL -1 , respectively, with no significant changes (P>0.05) compared to the control group, and the water consumption was reduced by half compared to the traditional process. Therefore, this technology has great potential in industrial fermentation for polyunsaturated fatty acid production. Copyright © 2017 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

  6. Comparison of exposures among Arab American and non-Hispanic White female thyroid cancer cases in metropolitan Detroit.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Peterson, L; Soliman, A; Ruterbusch, J J; Smith, N; Schwartz, K

    2011-12-01

    Arab American (ArA) women may be at greater risk for thyroid cancer (TC) than White women. This case-case comparison explored differences in known and proposed risk factors of TC among ArA and non-Hispanic White (NHW) female TC cases in metropolitan Detroit. Cases of invasive TC identified from a population-based registry responded to a telephone survey regarding potential TC risk factors. Thirty ArA women (response rate 52%) and 70 NHW women (67%) participated. NHW women reported significantly more prior thyroid disease (TD), family history of TD, hormone use, cumulative years of hormone use, cigarette and alcohol consumption. In adjusted logistic regression analysis, ArA women had significantly higher odds of exposure to dental x-rays (OR = 3.48, CI 1.01-12.00) and medical radiation (OR = 13.58, CI 1.49-124.04) than NHW women. Risk factors for TC may differ among ArA women and their NHW counterparts.

  7. Fen Bilimleri Öğretmen Adaylarının Çevre Sorunlarına Yönelik Tutumları ve Çevre Kirliliğine Yönelik Metaforik Algıları

    OpenAIRE

    ARIK, Selçuk; YILMAZ, Mehmet

    2017-01-01

    Bu çalışmanın amacı, fen bilimleri öğretmen adaylarının çevre sorunlarına yöneliktutumlarını ve çevre kirliliğine yönelik metaforik algılarını araştırmaktır. Araştırma 2013-2014eğitim öğretim yarıyılı güz döneminde Tokat Gaziosmanpaşa Üniversitesinde gerçekleştirilmiştir.Araştırmanın, çalışma grubunu fen bilimleri öğretmen adayları (n=132) oluşturmuştur.Araştırmada verileri toplamak amacıyla “Çevre Tutumları Ölçeği”(Yoldaş, 2009) ve metafortoplama formu kullanılmıştır. Bu araştırma da nicel a...

  8. Publications | Page 232 | IDRC - International Development ...

    International Development Research Centre (IDRC) Digital Library (Canada)

    O cerco flutuante e os caiçaras do litoral norte de São Paulo, com ênfase à pesca de trindade, RJ (open access). O cerco flutuante, armadilha fixa de pesca, é utilizado por caiçaras do litoral sudeste do Brasil na pesca artesanal. Essa técnica faz parte de um conjunto de influências históricas que formou a cultura caiçara e ...

  9. Influencia del α-tocoferol en la incorporación y peroxidación del ácido araquidónico en alevines parr de salmón del Atlántico (Salmo salar L. Influence of α-tocopherol on arachidonic acid deposition and peroxidation in Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L. fingerlings

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Patricio Dantagnan

    2012-09-01

    Full Text Available Se evaluó el efecto sinérgico del ácido araquidónico (ARA (20:4n-6 y el α-tocoferol en la acumulación de estos nutrientes y su peroxidación en el músculo e hígado en juveniles de salmón del Atlántico (Salmo salar. Grupos por triplicado se alimentaron por 12 semanas con ocho dietas experimentales que contenían diferentes niveles de ácido araquidónico y α-tocoferol. Los parámetros productivos no se vieron afectados (P > 0,05 por las dietas suministradas. La acumulación del ARA en el músculo e hígado mostró diferencias significativas (P The synergistic effect of arachidonic acid (ARA (20:4n-6 and α-tocopherol on the accumulation of fatty acids and the peroxidation of lipids in liver and muscle was evaluated in Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar juveniles. Triplicate groups were fed during 12 weeks with eight experimental diets with different levels of ARA and α-tocopherol. In all experimental diets the productive parameters were not affected (P > 0.05. ARA accumulation in muscle and liver showed significant differences (P < 0.05 between treatments. The synergic relationship between ARAAx4ocopherol was influenced (P < 0.05 only in the liver, showing that high levels of α-tocopherol and ARA favored the fatty acids accumulation in this organ. Results indicate that a dietary concentration up to 0.6% ARA, the increment of α-tocopherol is not necessary. The data obtained in this study demonstrated that the interaction between the ARA and α-tocopherol influenced the accumulation of fatty acids in the liver.

  10. Fauna de arañas del suelo de una comunidad árida-tropical en Baja California Sur, México Ground surface spider fauna in an arid tropical community in Baja California Sur, Mexico

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    María Luisa Jiménez

    2010-08-01

    Full Text Available Se describe la temporalidad y diversidad de arañas del suelo del matorral sarcocaule en la región del Cabo en Baja California Sur. Durante 1991-1992 se realizaron colectas semanales por medio de trampas de caída. Se capturaron 4 322 ejemplares de 53 especies. Las familias con mayor abundancia fueron Miturgidae (42.2%, Oonopidae (23.5%, Caponiidae (8.0% y Gnaphosidae (7.9%. Las especies más abundantes fueron Syspira tigrina Chamberlin (37.1%; Oonops nov. sp. (13.7%, Scaphiella hespera Chamberlin (7.8% y Tarsonops sternalis Chamberlin (5.2%, que constituyeron el 63.7% del total de individuos. Gnaphosidae fue la más rica en especies (11, seguida por Salticidae (7. La riqueza de especies fue constante durante todo el año, con un ligero ascenso en el verano (29 y una ligera disminución en el invierno (24. La diversidad por estación del año se mantuvo en un intervalo de H'= 3.3 -3.7. La abundancia relativa se incrementó en primavera y otoño. La mayor riqueza específica se encontró en otoño. La abundancia relativa y la diversidad de arañas se pueden considerar altas, a pesar del fuerte dominio de la familia Miturgidae. En la mayoría de las especies, la distribución mostró una marcada estacionalidad.Seasonal distribution, specific richness, and diversity of xeric shrub ground spiders were studied at a site in the Cape Region. Weekly collections of spiders were made in 1991-1992 using pit-fall traps. We captured 4 322 specimens in 53 families. Families with the highest number of individuals were: Miturgidae (42% Oonopidae (23.5%, Caponiidae (8.0%, and Gnaphosidae (7.9%. The most abundant species were Syspira tigrina Chamberlin (37.1%; Oonops nov. sp. (13.7%, Scaphiella hespera Chamberlin (7.8%, and Tarsonops sternalis Chamberlin (5.2%, representing 63.7% of the total specimens captured. Gnaphosidae was the richest in species (11 followed by Salticidae (7. Species richness was nearly constant during all the year, with a small increase in

  11. TURİST REHBERLERİNİN MOTİVASYONU İLE PERFORMANSI ARASINDAKİ İLİŞKİNİN BELİRLENMESİ

    OpenAIRE

    KÖROĞLU, ÖZLEM; AVCIKURT, CEVDET

    2015-01-01

    Turist rehberlerinin performans düzeylerinin ölçülmesi, rehberlerin motivasyonu ile performansı arasında herhangi bir ilişkinin bulunup bulunmadığının tespit edilmesi ve turist rehberlerinin demografik değişkenleri ile motivasyonu ve performansı arasındaki ilişkilerin belirlenmesi bu çalışmanın amacını oluşturmaktadır. Elde edilen kuramsal bilgilere dayanarak araştırma hipotezi belirlenmiş ve araştırma modeli geliştirilmiştir. Verilerin elde edilmesi için anket tekniği kullanılarak turist reh...

  12. Chronic dietary n-6 PUFA deprivation leads to conservation of arachidonic acid and more rapid loss of DHA in rat brain phospholipids.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Lin, Lauren E; Chen, Chuck T; Hildebrand, Kayla D; Liu, Zhen; Hopperton, Kathryn E; Bazinet, Richard P

    2015-02-01

    To determine how the level of dietary n-6 PUFA affects the rate of loss of arachidonic acid (ARA) and DHA in brain phospholipids, male rats were fed either a deprived or adequate n-6 PUFA diet for 15 weeks postweaning, and then subjected to an intracerebroventricular infusion of (3)H-ARA or (3)H-DHA. Brains were collected at fixed times over 128 days to determine half-lives and the rates of loss from brain phospholipids (J out). Compared with the adequate n-6 PUFA rats, the deprived n-6-PUFA rats had a 15% lower concentration of ARA and an 18% higher concentration of DHA in their brain total phospholipids. Loss half-lives of ARA in brain total phospholipids and fractions (except phosphatidylserine) were longer in the deprived n-6 PUFA rats, whereas the J out was decreased. In the deprived versus adequate n-6 PUFA rats, the J out of DHA was higher. In conclusion, chronic n-6 PUFA deprivation decreases the rate of loss of ARA and increases the rate of loss of DHA in brain phospholipids. Thus, a low n-6 PUFA diet can be used to target brain ARA and DHA metabolism. Copyright © 2015 by the American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Inc.

  13. FINDIK TARIMI YAPILAN TOPRAKLARIN BİYOKİMYASAL AKTİVİTE ÖZELLİKLERİ İLE TOPRAK ÖZELLİKLERİ ARASINDAKİ İLİŞKİLER

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Ayten KARACA

    1998-03-01

    Full Text Available Bu araştırmada, Terme - Ünye yöresinde fındık tarımı yapılan topraklarda üreaz, ß- Glikosidaz, asit ve alkali fosfataz enzim aktiviteleri belirlenmiş ve bu aktiviteler ile toprakların bazı önemli özellikleri ile, iz element ve ağır metal içerikleri arasındaki ilişkiler ortaya konulmaya çalışılmıştır. Yapılan regrasyon-korelasyon analiz sonuçlarına göre, üreaz enzim aktivitesi ile organik madde, azot ve ekstrakte edilebilir Cu , asit fosfataz aktivitesi ile organik madde, organik C ve azot arasında pozitif, ekstrakte edilebilir Mn arasında da negatif bir ilişki belirlenmiştir. Ayrıca, alkali fosfataz enzim aktivitesi ile pH, alınabilir P, ekstrakte edilebilir Cu, Zn ve Pb arasında önemli pozitif ilişki bulunmuştur. Toprakların ß-Glikosidaz aktivitesi ile toprak özellikleri arasında C/N oranı ve ekstrakte edilebilir Cd miktarı hariç, hiçbir önemli ilişki bulunamamıştır.

  14. Neonikotinoid İnsektisitlere Bağlı Olarak Drosophila melanogaster’in AChE Aktivitesinde Meydana Gelen Değişikliklerin Bitkisel Ekstraktlar ile Giderilmesi Üzerine Araştırmalar

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Sedat Ünver

    2014-12-01

    Full Text Available Bu çalışmada, Drosophila melanogaster’in ergin bireylerinde bulunan asetil kolinesteraz (AChE enzim aktivitesi üzerine İmidakloprid (İMİ ve Asetamiprid (ASE  insektisitlerinin etkileri araştırılmıştır. Ayrıca farklı bitkilere ait su ekstraktlarının (Salvia lavandulifolia, Hypericum scabrum, Capsella bursa-pastoris ve Teucrium orientale iyileştirici etkileri de in vivo olarak incelenmiştir. Bu amaçla iki deney grubu oluşturulmuştur. İlk deney grubunda ergin bireylere yalnızca farklı dozlarda insektisit (0,5; 1,0; 1,5 ve 2,0 ppm, diğer deney grubunda ise insektisit + bitki ekstraktları (1:1 v/v birlikte uygulanmıştır. Uygulamalar sonucunda insektisitler doz artışına bağlı olarak ergin bireylerde AChE aktivitesini artırmıştır (P<0,05. Ancak insektisitler bitkisel ekstraktlar ile birlikte uygulanınca enzim aktivitesi tekrar kontrol grubuna yaklaşmıştır (P<0,05.

  15. L-arabinose fermenting yeast

    Science.gov (United States)

    Zhang, Min; Singh, Arjun; Knoshaug, Eric; Franden, Mary Ann; Jarvis, Eric; Suominen, Pirkko

    2010-12-07

    An L-arabinose utilizing yeast strain is provided for the production of ethanol by introducing and expressing bacterial araA, araB and araD genes. L-arabinose transporters are also introduced into the yeast to enhance the uptake of arabinose. The yeast carries additional genomic mutations enabling it to consume L-arabinose, even as the only carbon source, and to produce ethanol. Methods of producing ethanol include utilizing these modified yeast strains. ##STR00001##

  16. Bazı Gıdalarda Kafein ve Teobromin Düzeyleri

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Sevgi Eskigün

    2015-02-01

    Full Text Available Araştırmada, piyasadan satın alınan çözünür kahve, çözünür kakao tozu ve kolalı içecekler kullanılmıştır. Çözünür kahveden 11 kafeinli örnek, 6 kafeini azaltılmış örnek; çözünür kakao tozundan 8 örnek; normal kolalı içecekten 14 örnek, diyet kolalı içecekten 5 örnek olmak üzere toplam 44 örnek, diyot arraydedektörlüHPLC ile analiz edilmiştir. Çözünür kahvenin kafeinli örneklerinde kütlece % 2.687-5.400, kafeini azaltılmış örneklerinde kütlece % 0.110-0.207 arasında kafein bulunmuş olup, teobromin bulunamamıştır. Toz kakao örneklerinde kütlece % 0.140-0.177 arasında kafein, kütlece % 1.857 - 2.190 arasında teobromin saptanmış olup, teobromin/kafein oranı 10.98:1 - 15.30:1 arasında bulunmuştur. Kolalı içeceklerin normal örneklerinde 52,23 ile 117,82 mg/L arasında, diyetlerde 94,080 -139,02 mg/L arasında kafein saptanmış, teobromin her iki kolalı örnekte de bulunamamıştır.

  17. Kurumlar-Arası Sistem Kullanımının İşletme Performansı Üzerindeki Etkisinde Tedarik Zinciri İşbirliğinin Aracılık Rolünün Analizi: Türk İnşaat Sektöründe Bir Uygulama(The Analysis of The Mediation Role of Supply Chain Collaboration on The Effect of Inter-Organizational System Usage to Firm Performance: An Application in Turkish Construction Sector

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Cengiz YILMAZ

    2016-04-01

    Full Text Available Genel olarak kurumlar-arası sistemler (KS olarak bilinen internet tabanlı teknolojiler, işletmeleri tedarik zincirlerindeki ortaklar ile bütünleştirirler ve işletmelere süreçlerini optimize edebilme fırsatı verirler. Bu çalışmada, işletmelerin kendi başarıları yerine tedarik zincirinin bütünününde elde edilebilecek başarıyı hedef alarak, kurumlar-arası sistemlerin işletme performansına olan etkisinde tedarik zinciri işbirliğinin aracılık rolü hakkında daha fazla bilgi sahibi olabilmek için Türk inşaat sektöründe yapılan bir uygulama çalışmasını konu edinmektedir. Türk inşaat sektöründe yapılan bu çalışmadan 138 tane kullanılabilir anket elde edilmiştir ve çalışma analizleri bu anketlerin verilerine göre yapısal eşitlik modellemesi (Lisrel ile kullanılarak yapılmıştır. Araştırma sonuçları, KS kullanımı işletme performansına etki ederken tedarik zinciri işbirliğinin tam bir aracılık rolü üstlendiğini desteklemektedir. Çalışma, bu nedenle tedarik zinciri işbirliğinin kullanımında ve yönetilmesinde ortaklaşa yapılan çalışmaların önemini vurgulamaktadır. Araştırmanın sonunda ise ileride yapılabilecek çalışmalar için öneriler sunulmuştur Internet based technologies, particularly inter-organizational systems (IOS, integrates firms with their supply chain members and give them the opportunity to optimize their processes. So, by working together, firms achieve greater successes than working alone. This study aims this holistic success instead of individual, so in order to have more information about this issue, it examines the mediation role of supply chain collaboration while inter-organizational systems affect the firm performance. Data are collected from national construction sector and 138 usable responses were taken. The statistical methods used include confirmatory factor analysis and structural equation modelling (i.e. LISREL. According to

  18. Restoran İşletmelerinde Hizmet Kalitesinin Müşteri Memnuniyetine ve Sadakatine Etkisi: Oba Restoran Örneği

    OpenAIRE

    BİLGİN, Yusuf; KETHÜDA, Önder

    2017-01-01

    Bu araştırmanın amacı, restoran işletmelerinde hizmet kalitesinin müşteri memnuniyeti ve müşteri sadakati üzerindeki etkisini incelemektir. Buna ek olarak, araştırmada restoran işletmelerinde müşteri memnuniyetinin müşteri sadakatine etkisini ortaya koymak amaçlanmaktadır. Restoran işletmesinde hizmet kalitesi, DINESERV ölçüm modeli kullanılarak ölçülmüştür. Araştırmanın evrenini, Bartın’da faaliyet gösteren Oba restoran işletmesinin müşterileri oluşturmaktadır. Araştırmada nicel yöntem kulla...

  19. NEVRUZ VE SUMER BEREKET KÜLTÜ AYNI KAYNAK DEĞİL Mİ?

    OpenAIRE

    ÇIĞ, Muazzez İlmiye

    2016-01-01

    Sumerliler insanlık tarihinin en eski kavimleri arasında yer almaktadır. Başta “yazı” olmak üzere kültür ve uygarlık simgesi birçok buluşun da Sumerlilere ait olduğu bilinmektedir. Türkler de tıpkı Sumerliler gibi insanlık tarihinin en eski kavimleri arasında yer almaktadır. Bu durum beraberinde “Peki Sumerliler ve Türkler arasında bir bağ var mıdır?” sorusunu akla getirmektedir. Başta Sumer belgeleri olmak üzere birçok bilgi ve belge Sumerliler ve Türkler arasında yakın bir...

  20. Üniversite Öğrencilerinde Kimlik Gelişimi: Kimlik Statülerinin Sosyal Sermaye ve Kimlik Sermayesi ile Olan İlişkisi

    OpenAIRE

    Özdikmenli-Demir, Gözde

    2011-01-01

    Bu araştırmada, beliren yetişkinlik dönemindeki üniversite öğrencilerinin kimlik statüleri onların sosyal ve kimlik sermayeleri ile olan ilişkileri çerçevesinde incelenmiştir. Araştırmanın örneklemini Türkiye'nin altı farklı üniversitesinde okuyan toplam 985 (511 kız- 474 erkek) öğrenci oluşturmaktadır. Katılımcıların yaş ranjı 17.7 ile 27 arasında değişmekte olup yaş ortalaması 21.7'dir. Araştırmada, Çok Boyutlu Algılanan Sosyal De...

  1. Cytosine Arabinoside Influx and Nucleoside Transport Sites in Acute Leukemia

    OpenAIRE

    Wiley, J. S.; Jones, S. P.; Sawyer, W. H.; Paterson, A. R. P.

    1982-01-01

    Although cytosine arabinoside (araC) can induce a remission in a majority of patients presenting with acute myeloblastic leukemia (AML), a minority fail to respond and moreover the drug has less effect in acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). The carrier-mediated influx of araC into purified blasts from patients with AML, ALL, and acute undifferentiated leukemia (AUL) has been compared to that of normal lymphocytes and polymorphs. Blasts showed a larger mediated influx of araC than mature cells...

  2. Transient postnatal fluoxetine decreases brain concentrations of 20-HETE and 15-epi-LXA4, arachidonic acid metabolites in adult mice.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Yuan, Zhi-Xin; Rapoport, Stanley I

    2015-10-01

    Transient postnatal exposure of rodents to the selective serotonin (5-HT) reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) fluoxetine alters behavior and brain 5-HT neurotransmission during adulthood, and also reduces brain arachidonic (ARA) metabolic consumption and protein level of the ARA metabolizing enzyme, cytochrome P4504A (CYP4A). Brain 20-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid (20-HETE), converted by CYP4A from ARA, will be reduced in adult mice treated transiently and postnatally with fluoxetine. Male mice pups were injected i.p. daily with fluoxetine (10mg/kg) or saline during P4-P21. At P90 their brain was high-energy microwaved and analyzed for 20-HETE and six other ARA metabolites by enzyme immunoassay. Postnatal fluoxetine vs. saline significantly decreased brain concentrations of 20-HETE (-70.3%) and 15-epi-lipoxin A4 (-60%) in adult mice, but did not change other eicosanoid concentrations. Behavioral changes in adult mice treated postnatally with fluoxetine may be related to reduced brain ARA metabolism involving CYP4A and 20-HETE formation. Published by Elsevier Ltd.

  3. Effect of 5E Constructivist Learning Model on Students’ Academic Achievement Level in Social Studies Course

    OpenAIRE

    POLAT, Seyat; BAŞ, Gökhan

    2012-01-01

    Bu çalışmanın amacı, 5E yapılandırmacı öğrenme modelinin ilköğretim 5. sınıf öğrencilerinin sosyal bilgiler dersindeki akademik başarıları üzerindeki etkisini araştırmaktır. Araştırma 2011–2012 eğitim-öğretim yılında Karaman ilinde bir ilköğretim okulunda gerçekleştirilmiştir. Araştırmaya, bu okulun iki sınıfından toplam 34 beşinci sınıf öğrencisi katılmıştır. Bu çalışmada, ön test-son test / kontrol gruplu araştırma modeli kullanılmıştır. Gruplar arasındaki anlamlılığı test etmek için Mann W...

  4. GDP-bound and nucleotide-free intermediates of the guanine nucleotide exchange in the Rab5·Vps9 system.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Uejima, Tamami; Ihara, Kentaro; Goh, Tatsuaki; Ito, Emi; Sunada, Mariko; Ueda, Takashi; Nakano, Akihiko; Wakatsuki, Soichi

    2010-11-19

    Many GTPases regulate intracellular transport and signaling in eukaryotes. Guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs) activate GTPases by catalyzing the exchange of their GDP for GTP. Here we present crystallographic and biochemical studies of a GEF reaction with four crystal structures of Arabidopsis thaliana ARA7, a plant homolog of Rab5 GTPase, in complex with its GEF, VPS9a, in the nucleotide-free and GDP-bound forms, as well as a complex with aminophosphonic acid-guanylate ester and ARA7·VPS9a(D185N) with GDP. Upon complex formation with ARA7, VPS9 wedges into the interswitch region of ARA7, inhibiting the coordination of Mg(2+) and decreasing the stability of GDP binding. The aspartate finger of VPS9a recognizes GDP β-phosphate directly and pulls the P-loop lysine of ARA7 away from GDP β-phosphate toward switch II to further destabilize GDP for its release during the transition from the GDP-bound to nucleotide-free intermediates in the nucleotide exchange reaction.

  5. Novel application of sugar-borate complexation for separation of ribo-2'-deoxyribo-, and arabinonucleosides on cation-exchange resin

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Pal, B C

    1978-01-01

    Separation of the three groups of nucleosides: (1) Urd, ara-Urd, and dUrd; (2) Cyd, ana-Cyd, and dCyd; (3) Ado, ara-Ado, and dAdo are shown in graphs. There is a slight overlap between the ara-Urd and dUrd peaks. Separation of the group of nucleosides, Guo, ara-Guo, and dGuo was not studied because ara-Guo was not available. In all three cases, ribonucleosides were eluted first, followed by arabinonucleosides and deoxyribonucleosides. This is in accord with our concept of stability and formation of borate complexes. In ribonucleosides (I) the 2'- and 3'-hydroxyl groups are in the cis position, which facilitates the formation of a borate complex, whereas in arabinonucleosides (II) the 2'- and 3'-hydroxyl groups are in the trans position and complex less well with borate. The 2'-deoxyribonucleosides (III) lack vicinal hydroxyl groups and hence do not form borate complexes at all. The anions are excluded according to the amount of negative charge carried by them as a result of borate complexation. The order of elution is ribonucleosides, arabinonucleosides, and deoxyribonucleosides.

  6. Health issues in the Arab American community. Tobacco use patterns among high school students: do Arab American youth differ?

    Science.gov (United States)

    Weglicki, Linda S; Templin, Thomas; Hammad, Adnan; Jamil, Hikmet; Abou-Mediene, Sharifa; Farroukh, Mona; Rice, Virginia Hill

    2007-01-01

    To determine tobacco use rates (cigarette, water pipe smoking [WPS] or narghile) in Arab American compared to non-Arab youth. A convenience sample of 2,782 14- to 18-year-old high school students from a midwest community completed a 21-item tobacco use history survey. Seventy-one percent of the participants were ArA. Grades 9 through 12 were equally represented. Results included 'ever tried cigarettes [narghile]' (20%, 39%); 'smoked cigarettes [narghile] in the past 30 days' (7%, 22%); and 'regular smoking [narghile]' (3%, 15%) for ArA and non-Arab youths, respectively. Each was significantly related to grade and ethnicity. WPS for ArA and non-Arab youths was (38%, 21%); (17%, 11%); and (7%, 5%) for 'ever used,' 'used in the past 30 days,' and 'regular use,' respectively. Grade, ethnicity, and sex were significantly related to WPS. Cigarette smoking rates for non-Arab youth were lower than current national youth smoking rates but significantly higher than ArA youth. Rates for ArA youth were much lower than current national reported data. Rates of WPS for US youth, regardless of race or ethnicity, are not known. Findings from this study indicate that both ArA and non-Arab youth are experimenting and using WPS regularly. These results underscore the importance of assessing novel forms of tobacco use, particularly WPS, a growing phenomenon among US youth.

  7. Enhancement of radiation response of SqII mouse tumors by combined treatment with misonidazole, vidarabine, and ACNU

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Asakura, Hideo; Akita, Yuzo; Kosaka, Noboru; Majima, Hideyuki; Suzuki, Norio.

    1987-01-01

    It is well known that misonidazole (Miso.) is a hypoxic cell sensitizer, vidarabine (Ara-A) is a PLD repair inhibitor, and ACNU is an anticancer drug derivative of nitrosourea. The effect of combined use of these drugs and radiation was studied. SqII tumor, an anaplastic squamous cell carcinoma was transplanted to the right thighs of WHT male mice. At 9 days after transplantation, the tumors of about 600 mm 3 were treated by several protocols. After the treatment, tumor growth curves were drawn and the time required to reach twice the initial volume of the treatment was determined. The results were as follows. The combination of 3 agents, Miso., Ara-A, and radiation was the most effective, followed by that of Miso., ACNU, and radiation, which was better than another combination of Miso. and radiation. The effect of Ara-A, ACNU and radiation was inferior to Miso. and radiation. The effect of Miso., Ara-A and ACNU was further inferior to radiation alone. The combination of 4 agents, Miso., Ara-A, ACNU and radiation was effective in the same degree or slightly inferior to Miso., Ara-A and radiation. On the other hand, effect of combined treatment with drugs and radiation without Miso. was not so remarkable on this mouse tumor, in other words, Miso. played the most important role among these 3 drugs. This study showed that the combination of Miso., Ara-A and radiation was the most effective among these tested and may be useful for the clinical control of cancer. Furthermore, this combination did not include anticancer drugs which cause bone marrow suppression and intestinal disorders. (author)

  8. Distribution of peanut allergen in the environment.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Perry, Tamara T; Conover-Walker, Mary Kay; Pomés, Anna; Chapman, Martin D; Wood, Robert A

    2004-05-01

    Patients with peanut allergy can have serious reactions to very small quantities of peanut allergen and often go to extreme measures to avoid potential contact with this allergen. The purpose of this study was to detect peanut allergen under various environmental conditions and examine the effectiveness of cleaning agents for allergen removal. A monoclonal-based ELISA for Arachis hypogaea allergen 1 (Ara h 1; range of detection, 30-2000 ng/mL) was used to assess peanut contamination on cafeteria tables and other surfaces in schools, the presence of residual peanut protein after using various cleaning products on hands and tabletops, and airborne peanut allergen during the consumption of several forms of peanut. After hand washing with liquid soap, bar soap, or commercial wipes, Ara h 1 was undetectable. Plain water and antibacterial hand sanitizer left detectable Ara h 1 on 3 of 12 and 6 of 12 hands, respectively. Common household cleaning agents removed peanut allergen from tabletops, except dishwashing liquid, which left Ara h 1 on 4 of 12 tables. Of the 6 area preschools and schools evaluated, Ara h 1 was found on 1 of 13 water fountains, 0 of 22 desks, and 0 of 36 cafeteria tables. Airborne Ara h 1 was undetectable in simulated real-life situations when participants consumed peanut butter, shelled peanuts, and unshelled peanuts. The major peanut allergen, Ara h 1, is relatively easily cleaned from hands and tabletops with common cleaning agents and does not appear to be widely distributed in preschools and schools. We were not able to detect airborne allergen in many simulated environments.

  9. Enhancement of radiation response of SqII mouse tumors by combined treatment with misonidazole, vidarabine, and ACNU

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Asakura, Hideo; Akita, Yuzo; Kosaka, Noboru; Majima, Hideyuki; Suzuki, Norio

    1987-01-01

    It is well known that misonidazole (Miso.) is a hypoxic cell sensitizer, vidarabine (Ara-A) is a PLD repair inhibitor, and ACNU is an anticancer drug derivative of nitrosourea. The effect of combined use of these drugs and radiation was studied. SqII tumor, an anaplastic squamous cell carcinoma was transplanted to the right thighs of WHT male mice. At 9 days after transplantation, the tumors of about 600 mm/sup 3/ were treated by several protocols. After the treatment, tumor growth curves were drawn and the time required to reach twice the initial volume of the treatment was determined. The results were as follows. The combination of 3 agents, Miso., Ara-A, and radiation was the most effective, followed by that of Miso., ACNU, and radiation, which was better than another combination of Miso. and radiation. The effect of Ara-A, ACNU and radiation was inferior to Miso. and radiation. The effect of Miso., Ara-A and ACNU was further inferior to radiation alone. The combination of 4 agents, Miso., Ara-A, ACNU and radiation was effective in the same degree or slightly inferior to Miso., Ara-A and radiation. On the other hand, effect of combined treatment with drugs and radiation without Miso. was not so remarkable on this mouse tumor, in other words, Miso. played the most important role among these 3 drugs. This study showed that the combination of Miso., Ara-A and radiation was the most effective among these tested and may be useful for the clinical control of cancer. Furthermore, this combination did not include anticancer drugs which cause bone marrow suppression and intestinal disorders.

  10. Fruit maturation and in vitro germination of macaw palm embryos ...

    African Journals Online (AJOL)

    -industrial potential. Seed dormancy in palm species may be due to embryo immaturity, which could result from delayed embryogenesis. We evaluated the correspondence between the visual characteristics of maturing fruits and their ...

  11. Siyasal Kampanya Mesaj Stratejileri ve Seçmen Algısı: Gümüşhane Araştırması Political Campaign Message Strategies and Voter Perception: The Case of Gumushane

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Hasan GÜLLÜPUNAR

    2013-09-01

    ğu gibi bu sürecin iyi yönetilmesi kampanya başarısının önemli bir adımıdır. Dolayısıyla mevcut seçim atmosferinin, adayın üstün ve zayıf yönlerinin, rakip adayın üstün ve zayıf yönlerinin, seçmenlerin sosyo-demografik özelliklerinin ve beklentilerinin tespit edilmesi kampanya mesajlarının belirlenmesinde önemli aşamalardandır.Siyasal seçim kampanyası mesajları farklı strateji ya da stratejilere göre oluşturulabilir. Bunlar arasında rasyonel, duygusal, aday önceleme ve saldırgan mesaj stratejileri sayılabilir. Bu çalışma yerel seçimler bağlamında seçmenlerin rasyonel, duygusal, adayı önceleme ve saldırgan mesaj stratejileri ile ilgili algılarını ölçmektedir.Çalışmada mesaj stratejileri ile ilgili yirmi sekiz yargının bulunduğu bir ölçek geliştirilmiş ve elde edilen veriler keşfedici faktör analizi yöntemi ile incelenmiştir. Buna göre mesaj stratejilerinin dört faktörde gruplanabileceği sonucuna varılmıştır. Bu faktörler rasyonel, duygusal, adayı önceleme ve saldırgan mesaj stratejileri olarak isimlendirilmiştir. Araştırmada rasyonel mesaj stratejisinin seçmenler tarafından en olumlu algılanan mesaj stratejisi olduğu görülmüştür. Buna karşın en az desteklenen mesaj stratejisi saldırgan mesaj stratejisi olmuştur. Bununla birlikte rasyonel, duygusal ve adayı önceleme mesaj stratejileri ile saldırgan mesaj stratejisi arasında anlamlı olmayan negatif yönlü bir ilişki bulunmuştur. Ayrıca sosyo-demografik özellikler bakımından orta yaş seçmenlerin genç seçmenlere oranla, eğitim düzeyi yüksek seçmenlerin eğitim düzeyi düşük seçmenlere oranla daha rasyonel tercihlerde bulunması çalışmanın önemli bir sonucu olarak ortaya çıkmıştır.

  12. LİSELERDEKİ ÖĞRENCİLERİN ON-LİNE OYUN BAĞIMLILIKLARI

    OpenAIRE

    PEKER, Adem; İSKENDER, Murat; ADA, Şükrü

    2013-01-01

    Bu araştırma, liselerdeki öğrencilerin oynadıkları on-line oyunlarının çeşitli değişkenler açısından farklılaşıp farklılaşmadığını belirlemek amacıyla yapılmıştır. Araştırma 2008–2009 Eğitim-Öğretim yılında Sakarya il merkezinde yer alan okullarda gerçekleştirilmiştir. Araştırmanın örneklemi, 292 öğrenci oluşturmaktadır. Araştırmanın verileri, Ayas, Balta ve Horzum (2008)’un&...

  13. Hastanede takipli gebelerin yenidoğan bakımı ile ilgili bilgi düzeyleri ve etkileyen faktörler

    OpenAIRE

    Önsüz, Muhammet Fatih; Köse, Onur Özlem; Demir, Figen

    2014-01-01

    AMAÇ: Bu araştırmada bir hastanenin obstetrik polikliniğinde takip edilen gebelerin yenidoğan bakımı konusundaki bilgi düzeylerinin ve etkileyen faktörlerin belirlenmesi amaçlanmıştı. GEREÇ VE YÖNTEMLER: Tanımlayıcı tipteki bu araştırma bir hastanenin Obstetrik Polikliniği’nde takipli ve araştırmaya katılmayı kabul eden 118 gebe ile yürütüldü. Araştırmanın verileri 23 soru ve iki bölümden oluşan anket formunun yüzyüze gözlem altında uygulanması yoluyla toplandı. Verilerin is...

  14. Digestion of peanut allergens Ara h 1, Ara h 2, Ara h 3, and Ara h 6: A comparative in vitro study and partial characterization of digestion-resistant peptides

    NARCIS (Netherlands)

    Koppelman, S.J.; Hefle, S.L.; Taylor, S.L.; Jong, G.A.H.de

    2010-01-01

    Scope: There are differences in stability to pepsin between the major allergens in peanut; however, data are from different reports using different digestion models. This study provides a comprehensive comparison of the digestibility of the major peanut allergens.Methods and results: Peanut

  15. Çalışanların İş Güvencesizliğinin İşten Ayrılma Niyetleri Üzerindeki Etkisi: Alanya Bölgesindeki Beş Yıldızlı Otellerde Bir Araştırma

    OpenAIRE

    KARACAOĞLU, Korhan

    2018-01-01

    İş güvencesizliği, mevcut işin sürekliliğine engel olacak her türlü yasal veya yasal olmayan örgütsel değişimler sonucunda ortaya çıkan, işgörende, belirsizlik düşüncesine dayalı olarak işini kaybetme kaygısı doğuran durumlardır. Alan yazında iş güvencesizliğinin sonuçlarından biri olan işten ayrılma niyeti ise bir çalışanın yakın bir zamanda işine son verme isteğiyle ilgili düşüncesi olarak tanımlanmaktadır. Bu çalışmada iş güvencesizliği ile işten ayrılma niyeti arasındaki etkileşim Alanya ...

  16. L-arabinose fermenting yeast

    Science.gov (United States)

    Zhang, Min; Singh, Arjun; Suominen, Pirkko; Knoshaug, Eric; Franden, Mary Ann; Jarvis, Eric

    2013-02-12

    An L-arabinose utilizing yeast strain is provided for the production of ethanol by introducing and expressing bacterial araA, araB and araD genes. L-arabinose transporters are also introduced into the yeast to enhance the uptake of arabinose. The yeast carries additional genomic mutations enabling it to consume L-arabinose, even as the only carbon source, and to produce ethanol. A yeast strain engineered to metabolize arabinose through a novel pathway is also disclosed. Methods of producing ethanol include utilizing these modified yeast strains.

  17. Choline Catabolism in Burkholderia thailandensis Is Regulated by Multiple Glutamine Amidotransferase 1-Containing AraC Family Transcriptional Regulators.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Nock, Adam M; Wargo, Matthew J

    2016-09-15

    Burkholderia thailandensis is a soil-dwelling bacterium that shares many metabolic pathways with the ecologically similar, but evolutionarily distant, Pseudomonas aeruginosa Among the diverse nutrients it can utilize is choline, metabolizable to the osmoprotectant glycine betaine and subsequently catabolized as a source of carbon and nitrogen, similar to P. aeruginosa Orthologs of genes in the choline catabolic pathway in these two bacteria showed distinct differences in gene arrangement as well as an additional orthologous transcriptional regulator in B. thailandensis In this study, we showed that multiple glutamine amidotransferase 1 (GATase 1)-containing AraC family transcription regulators (GATRs) are involved in regulation of the B. thailandensis choline catabolic pathway (gbdR1, gbdR2, and souR). Using genetic analyses and sequencing the transcriptome in the presence and absence of choline, we identified the likely regulons of gbdR1 (BTH_II1869) and gbdR2 (BTH_II0968). We also identified a functional ortholog for P. aeruginosa souR, a GATR that regulates the metabolism of sarcosine to glycine. GbdR1 is absolutely required for expression of the choline catabolic locus, similar to P. aeruginosa GbdR, while GbdR2 is important to increase expression of the catabolic locus. Additionally, the B. thailandensis SouR ortholog (BTH_II0994) is required for catabolism of choline and its metabolites as carbon sources, whereas in P. aeruginosa, SouR function can by bypassed by GbdR. The strategy employed by B. thailandensis represents a distinct regulatory solution to control choline catabolism and thus provides both an evolutionary counterpoint and an experimental system to analyze the acquisition and regulation of this pathway during environmental growth and infection. Many proteobacteria that occupy similar environmental niches have horizontally acquired orthologous genes for metabolism of compounds useful in their shared environment. The arrangement and differential

  18. Developing Action Research for Developing Teachers in Kosovo

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Eda Vula

    2015-10-01

    Full Text Available This study explores the perception of student teachers on their role as researchers and the impact of action research in their professional development. The study involves the master level student teachers of the Faculty of Education at the University of Prishtina in Kosovo. Qualitative data collected through reflective writing, open-ended questionnaires and research reports developed by student teachers were analyzed through the inductive method. The study suggests that teacher research has a major impact not only on the improvement of teaching practices and increasing student achievement, but also on increasing the collaboration among peers and fostering a new culture where teachers assume their responsibilities to apply action research in their own classrooms as a tool for classroom transformation. Teacher education and school context are crucial in this matter and the need arises to avoid viewing the development of teacher research as an isolated activity.Keywords: Action research, professional development, student teacher, environmentÖzBu araştırma, öğrenci öğretmenlerin araştırmacı rollerini algılamalarını ve profesyonel gelişimlerinde eylem araştırmaların etkisini incelemektedir. Araştırma, Priştine Üniversitesi Eğitim Fakültesi’nde yüksek lisans düzeyinde olan öğrenci öğretmenleri kapsamaktadır. Öğrenciler tarafından yapılan yansıtıcı yazılar, açık uçlu soru formları ve araştırma raporlarından toplanan nitel veriler tümevarım yöntemi aracılığıyla incelenmiştir. Araştırma, öğretmen araştırmalarının, sadece öğretim uygulamalarının geliştirilmesine ve öğrenci başarısının yükseltilmesine değil, aynı zamanda yaşıtlar arası işbirliğini arttırma ve öğretmenlerin sınıfı dönüştürme aracı olarak kendi sınıflarında eylem araştırmasını uygulama sorumluluğunu yeni bir kültür olarak teşvik etmeye önemli bir etkisinin olduğunu ortaya koymaktad

  19. Effect of drying and soaking fruits and seeds on germination of macaw palm (Acrocomia aculeata [Jacq.] Loddiges ex MART.=Efeito da secagem e embebição de frutos e sementes na germinação de macaúba (Acrocomia aculeata [Jacq.] Loddiges ex MART.

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Marcus Vinícius Vieira da Silva

    2012-04-01

    Full Text Available This study evaluated mechanisms of the dehydration and rehydration of fruits and seeds on the resulting embryo viability of the macaw palm, Acrocomia aculeata (Jacq. Loddiges ex Mart. Dehydration was performed in a forced-air oven at 37 ± 2°C for 0, 3, 6, 9, 12 or 15 days, and after these periods, the embryo viability was evaluated by the tetrazolium test. The effect of hydration on the germination percentage and velocity index was evaluated by the imbibition of seeds with distilled water in a germinator at 30 ± 2°C for 0, 2, 4, 6, 8 or 10 days. The seeds were then treated with fungicide and maintained in a Mangelsdorf germinator at 30 ± 2°C. Drying caused a progressive water loss in the fruits and facilitated the extraction of the seeds. Fruits subjected to drying for up to nine days had no loss of vigor; however, after dehydration for 15 days, a loss in seed viability was observed. Simple linear regression estimated the seed water content based on the fruit water content. Seed imbibition in distilled water favored an increase in dead by fungally contaminated seeds.Objetivou-se com esse estudo elucidar os mecanismos de desidratação e hidratação de frutos e sementes na viabilidade de embriões de macaúba Acrocomia aculeata (Jacq. Loddiges ex Mart. A desidratação foi realizada em estufa de circulação de ar, ajustada a 37 ± 2°C por 0, 3, 6, 9, 12 e 15 dias, após esses períodos, foi avaliada a viabilidade dos embriões pelo teste de tetrazólio. O efeito da hidratação na porcentagem e velocidade de germinação foi avaliado pela embebição das sementes em água destilada em germinador com temperatura a 30 ± 2°C por 0, 2, 4, 6, 8 e 10 dias. As sementes foram tratadas com fungicida e mantidas em germinador do tipo Mangelsdorf. A secagem promoveu perda pregressiva no conteúdo de água dos frutos e facilitou a extração das sementes. Quando os frutos foram secos por nove dias não há perda de vigor, no entanto, depois de 15

  20. Developmental Outcomes at 24 Months of Age in Toddlers Supplemented with Arachidonic Acid and Docosahexaenoic Acid: Results of a Double Blind Randomized, Controlled Trial

    Science.gov (United States)

    Devlin, Angela M.; Chau, Cecil M. Y.; Matheson, Julie; McCarthy, Deanna; Yurko-Mauro, Karin; Innis, Sheila M.; Grunau, Ruth E.

    2017-01-01

    Little is known about arachidonic acid (ARA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) requirements in toddlers. A longitudinal, double blind, controlled trial in toddlers (n = 133) age 13.4 ± 0.9 months (mean ± standard deviation), randomized to receive a DHA (200 mg/day) and ARA (200 mg/day) supplement (supplement) or a corn oil supplement (control) until age 24 months determined effects on neurodevelopment. We found no effect of the supplement on the Bayley Scales of Infant and Toddler Development 3rd Edition (Bayley-III) cognitive and language composites and Beery–Buktenica Developmental Test of Visual–Motor Integration (Beery VMI) at age 24 months. Supplemented toddlers had higher RBC phosphatidylcholine (PC), phosphatidylethanolamine (PE), and plasma DHA and ARA compared to placebo toddlers at age 24 months. A positive relationship between RBC PE ARA and Bayley III Cognitive composite (4.55 (0.21–9.00), B (95% CI), p = 0.045) in supplemented boys, but not in control boys, was observed in models adjusted for baseline fatty acid, maternal non-verbal intelligence, and BMI z-score at age 24 months. A similar positive relationship between RBC PE ARA and Bayley III Language composite was observed for supplemented boys (11.52 (5.10–17.94), p < 0.001) and girls (11.19 (4.69–17.68), p = 0.001). These findings suggest that increasing the ARA status in toddlers is associated with better neurodevelopment at age 24 months. PMID:28878181

  1. Developmental Outcomes at 24 Months of Age in Toddlers Supplemented with Arachidonic Acid and Docosahexaenoic Acid: Results of a Double Blind Randomized, Controlled Trial

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Angela M. Devlin

    2017-09-01

    Full Text Available Little is known about arachidonic acid (ARA and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA requirements in toddlers. A longitudinal, double blind, controlled trial in toddlers (n = 133 age 13.4 ± 0.9 months (mean ± standard deviation, randomized to receive a DHA (200 mg/day and ARA (200 mg/day supplement (supplement or a corn oil supplement (control until age 24 months determined effects on neurodevelopment. We found no effect of the supplement on the Bayley Scales of Infant and Toddler Development 3rd Edition (Bayley-III cognitive and language composites and Beery–Buktenica Developmental Test of Visual–Motor Integration (Beery VMI at age 24 months. Supplemented toddlers had higher RBC phosphatidylcholine (PC, phosphatidylethanolamine (PE, and plasma DHA and ARA compared to placebo toddlers at age 24 months. A positive relationship between RBC PE ARA and Bayley III Cognitive composite (4.55 (0.21–9.00, B (95% CI, p = 0.045 in supplemented boys, but not in control boys, was observed in models adjusted for baseline fatty acid, maternal non-verbal intelligence, and BMI z-score at age 24 months. A similar positive relationship between RBC PE ARA and Bayley III Language composite was observed for supplemented boys (11.52 (5.10–17.94, p < 0.001 and girls (11.19 (4.69–17.68, p = 0.001. These findings suggest that increasing the ARA status in toddlers is associated with better neurodevelopment at age 24 months.

  2. BİR ÇEVRİM İÇİ UZAKTAN TAKİP SİSTEMİ TASARIMI

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Ahmet Emir DİRİK

    2004-02-01

    Full Text Available Bu çalışmada düşük maliyetli bir çevrim içi takip sistemi geliştirilmiştir. Takip sistemi, konum belirleme, kablosuz haberleşme ve sayısal harita modülleri olmak üzere üç ana modülden oluşmaktadır. Takip sistemlerinde konum belirleme modülü, hareketli araçların pozisyonlarının tespitinde kullanılmaktadır. Bu modül ile elde edilen pozisyon bilgisi, kablosuz haberleşme sistemi aracılığı ile takip merkezine iletilmekte, takip merkezine ulaşan pozisyon bilgisi merkezde işlenerek araç konumları sayısal harita üzerinde görüntülenmektedir. Geliştirilen sistem ile kampüs içerisinde hareket eden araçların konumları 10m civarında bir hata ile tespit edilebilmekte ve araç hareketleri takip merkezinden on-line izlenebilmektedir. Sistemde kablosuz veri haberleşmesi için analog araç telsizleri kullanılmıştır. Böylece haberleşme için uydu ya da GSM şebekelerinin kullanılmasına gerek kalmamış ve düşük maliyetli-yüksek performanslı bir çevrim içi araç takip sistemi gerçekleştirilmiştir.

  3. Sosyal bilgiler dersinde branş derslik sistemi uygulamasının öğretmen, öğrenci ve idareci görüşlerine göre değerlendirilmesi

    OpenAIRE

    Sayar, Pınar

    2016-01-01

    Araştırmanın amacı, Sosyal bilgiler dersinde branş derslik sistemi uygulamasını öğretmen, öğrenci ve idareci görüşlerine göre değerlendirmektir. Araştırmada nicel ve nitel metotların birlikte kullanıldığı karma yöntemin yakınsayan paralel deseni kullanılmıştır. Araştırmanın nicel boyutunda, tarama modeli; nitel boyutunda ise durum çalışması deseni kullanılmıştır. Araştırmanın evrenini, 2015-2016 eğitim öğretim yılında Bartın ilinde branş derslik sistemi uygulayan 27 ortaokul ve bu okullardaki...

  4. Y Kuşağı Turistlerin Destinasyon İmaj Algıları Üzerine Bir Araştırma A Research On Generation Y Tourists Perceptions Of Destination Image

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Aslı ALBAYRAK

    2013-07-01

    şağı turistlerin tatil yerlerine karar vermeleri üzerine destinasyon imajını oluşturan faktörlerin etkisini saptamak ve Y kuşağı turistlerin yapısal özellikleri ile destinasyon algıları arasındaki ilişkiyi inceleyerek söz konusu kuşak için destinasyon pazarlamasına ilişkin önerilerde bulunmak amacıyla yapılmıştır.Çalışmada nicel araştırma yöntemlerinden anket tekniğinden yararlanılmış, İstanbul’da bu kuşağı temsil eden ve kota örnekleme yöntemiyle belirlenen 384 kişiyle yüz yüze anket çalışması yapılmıştır. Elde elde verilerin analizinde betimsel istatistik, t-testi ve Anova Analizi kullanılmıştır.Araştırmanın sonuçlarına göre destinasyon imajı katılımcıların cinsiyetlerine, eğitim durumlarına ayrıca gelir düzeylerine göre farklılık göstermektedir. Diğer yandan, Y Kuşağı turistlerinin dinlenme, eğlenme ve yeni yerler görme isteği ile hareket ettikleri, kalite ve lüks bir tatili uygun fiyata arayan bireylerden oluştuğu söylenebilir.Turistik satın alma süreci birçok faktörün etkisiyle şekillenmektedir. Bu süreci etkileyen faktörlerden birisi de destinasyon imajıdır. En genel tanımıyla destinasyon imajı bireylerin bir yer hakkındaki genel algılarıdır ve bu algılar yaş, eğitim, gelir, kültür gibi bir çok faktörden etkilenmektedir. Geçmişte turistlerin destinasyon tercihleri ile ilgili çeşitli çalışmalar yapılmış ve bu çalışmalarda genel olarak turistlerin yaş, eğitim, kültür, gelir gibi özelliklerinin destinasyon imaj algıları üzerine etkileri incelenmiştir ancak farklı kuşakların destinasyon imaj algıları ile ilgili herhangi bir çalışmaya rastlanmamıştır. Bu nedenle bu çalışma sonucunda elde edilen sonuçların turizm pazarlamacılarına katkı sağlayabileceği düşünülmüştür.

  5. Two DNA sites for MelR in the same orientation are sufficient for optimal MelR-dependent

    OpenAIRE

    Elrobh, M.; Webster, C.; Samarasinghe, S.; Durose, D.; Busby, S.

    2012-01-01

    The Escherichia coli melR gene encodes the MelR transcription factor that controls melibiose utilization. Expression of melR is autoregulated by MelR, which represses the melR promoter by binding to a target that overlaps the transcript start. Here, we show that MelR-dependent repression of the melR promoter can be enhanced by the presence of a second single DNA site for MelR located up to 250 base pairs upstream. Parallels with AraC-dependent repression at the araC–araBAD regulatory region a...

  6. Sequential Oral Hydroxyurea and Intravenous Cytosine Arabinoside in Refractory Childhood Acute Leukemia: A Pediatric Oncology Group Phase I Study

    OpenAIRE

    Dubowy, Ronald; Graham, Michael; Hakami, Nasrollah; Kletzel, Morris; Mahoney, Donald; Newman, Edward; Ravindranath, Yaddanapudi; Camitta, Bruce

    2008-01-01

    At concentrations >0.1 mM, Hydroxyurea (HU) enhances the accumulation of cytosine arabinoside (ara-C) in leukemia cells in vitro. This study of children with refractory acute leukemia was designed to take advantage of this biochemical modulation. A fixed dose of HU and an escalating dose of ara-C were used. Oral HU, 1200 mg/m2 was followed 2 hours later by ara-C, 250-3100 mg/m2 intravenously in 15 minutes. The combination was given on days 1,2,3 and 8,9,10. Thirty-three children (26 ALL, 7 AN...

  7. Comparative Genomics Reveals the Regulatory Complexity of Bifidobacterial Arabinose and Arabino-Oligosaccharide Utilization

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Aleksandr A. Arzamasov

    2018-04-01

    Full Text Available Members of the genus Bifidobacterium are common inhabitants of the human gastrointestinal tract. Previously it was shown that arabino-oligosaccharides (AOS might act as prebiotics and stimulate the bifidobacterial growth in the gut. However, despite the rapid accumulation of genomic data, the precise mechanisms by which these sugars are utilized and associated transcription control still remain unclear. In the current study, we used a comparative genomic approach to reconstruct arabinose and AOS utilization pathways in over 40 bacterial species belonging to the Bifidobacteriaceae family. The results indicate that the gene repertoire involved in the catabolism of these sugars is highly diverse, and even phylogenetically close species may differ in their utilization capabilities. Using bioinformatics analysis we identified potential DNA-binding motifs and reconstructed putative regulons for the arabinose and AOS utilization genes in the Bifidobacteriaceae genomes. Six LacI-family transcriptional factors (named AbfR, AauR, AauU1, AauU2, BauR1 and BauR2 and a TetR-family regulator (XsaR presumably act as local repressors for AOS utilization genes encoding various α- or β-L-arabinofuranosidases and predicted AOS transporters. The ROK-family regulator AraU and the LacI-family regulator AraQ control adjacent operons encoding putative arabinose transporters and catabolic enzymes, respectively. However, the AraQ regulator is universally present in all Bifidobacterium species including those lacking the arabinose catabolic genes araBDA, suggesting its control of other genes. Comparative genomic analyses of prospective AraQ-binding sites allowed the reconstruction of AraQ regulons and a proposed binary repression/activation mechanism. The conserved core of reconstructed AraQ regulons in bifidobacteria includes araBDA, as well as genes from the central glycolytic and fermentation pathways (pyk, eno, gap, tkt, tal, galM, ldh. The current study expands the

  8. Cochabamba

    International Development Research Centre (IDRC) Digital Library (Canada)

    BOLIVIA as a livelihood option for poor women and men. Garbage separation ... They perform this work at the K'ara K'ara municipal garbage dump, in the many containers ... many hours as those of a normal working day. The average age ...

  9. Devlet ve Vakıf Üniversiteleri Eğitim Fakültesi Öğrencilerinin Cep Telefonu Kullanım Sıklıklarının ve Marka Tercihlerinin Karşılaştırılması

    OpenAIRE

    TUTGUN ÜNAL, Aylin; ARSLAN, Ahmet

    2013-01-01

    Bu araştırmada, devlet ve vakıf üniversiteleri eğitim fakültesi öğrencilerinin cep telefonu kullanım sıklıkları ve marka tercihleri incelenmiştir. Araştırma, İstanbul’da yer alan Marmara Üniversitesi Atatürk Eğitim Fakültesi ve Maltepe Üniversitesi Eğitim Fakültesi’ne devam eden 985 öğrenci ile yürütülmüştür. Verilerin toplanmasında araştırmacılar tarafından geliştirilen “Cep Telefonu Kullanımı Sıklığı ve Marka Tercihi Belirleme Formu” kullanılmıştır. Araştırmada, eğitim fakültesi öğrencileri...

  10. Docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) supplementation in pregnancy differentially modulates arachidonic acid and DHA status across FADS genotypes in pregnancy.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Scholtz, S A; Kerling, E H; Shaddy, D J; Li, S; Thodosoff, J M; Colombo, J; Carlson, S E

    2015-03-01

    Some FADS alleles are associated with lower DHA and ARA status assessed by the relative amount of arachidonic acid (ARA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) in plasma and red blood cell (RBC) phospholipids (PL). We determined two FADS single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in a cohort of pregnant women and examined the relationship of FADS1rs174533 and FADS2rs174575 to DHA and ARA status before and after supplementation with 600mg per day of DHA. The 205 pregnant women studied were randomly assigned to placebo (mixed soy and corn oil) (n=96) or 600mg algal DHA (n=109) in 3 capsules per day for the last two trimesters of pregnancy. Women homozygous for the minor allele of FADS1rs174533 (but not FADS2rs174575) had lower DHA and ARA status at baseline. At delivery, minor allele homozygotes of FADS1rs174533 in the placebo group had lower RBC-DHA compared to major-allele carriers (P=0.031), while in the DHA-supplemented group, all genotypes had higher DHA status compared to baseline (P=0.001) and status did not differ by genotype (P=0.941). Surprisingly, DHA but not the placebo decreased ARA status of minor allele homozygotes of both FADS SNPs but not major allele homozygotes at delivery. Any physiological effects of changing the DHA to ARA ratio by increasing DHA intake appears to be greater in minor allele homozygotes of some FADS SNPs. Copyright © 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

  11. Search Results | Page 70 | IDRC - International Development ...

    International Development Research Centre (IDRC) Digital Library (Canada)

    Results 691 - 700 of 875 ... Filter by region .... growth of collaborative spaces (Web 2.0) and social networking sites. ... The city of Cochabamba produces 400 tons of solid waste per day, which is transported 10 km to the K'ara K'ara (KK) dump.

  12. Subchronic (13-week) oral toxicity study, preceded by an in utero exposure phase, with arachidonate-enriched triglyceride oil (SUNTGA40S) in rats

    NARCIS (Netherlands)

    Lina, B.A.R.; Wolterbeek, A.P.M.; Suwa, Y.; Fujikawa, S.; Ishikura, Y.; Tsuda, S.; Dohnalek, M.

    2006-01-01

    Polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), such as arachidonic acid (ARA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) are natural constituents found in human milk, fish oil or egg yolk. Until recently, infant formulas, though providing the essential fatty acid precursors for these PUFAs, did not contain preformed ARA

  13. Systematic review on the effectiveness of augmented reality applications in medical training

    NARCIS (Netherlands)

    Barsom, E. Z.; Graafland, M.; Schijven, M. P.

    2016-01-01

    Computer-based applications are increasingly used to support the training of medical professionals. Augmented reality applications (ARAs) render an interactive virtual layer on top of reality. The use of ARAs is of real interest to medical education because they blend digital elements with the

  14. KÜRE DÜZLEMİNDEKİ OPERATÖR RIESZ POTENSİYEL iNTEGRALINI HESAPLAMADA (p, q)'UN SINIRLlLlGI

    OpenAIRE

    Karakaş, Mehmet

    2002-01-01

    Kiire düzlemindeki Riesz potansiyel integralının lnsıni hesaplama işlemlerine ilişkin bir çol{ araştırınalar ortaya llt;oyulmuş ancak, hesaplama işlemlerind e oper atör (değişim) durumu Jlek ele alı nmamıştır . Bu araştırmada, operatör Rie�'Z potansiyel i ntegralnun lusmi hesapı ama işlemlerinin yöntem ve araştırmaya ilişl un özell iider ortaya }{oyulmuştur.

  15. Prevalence of Psittacine Beak and Feather Disease Virus and Avian Polyomavirus in Captivity Psittacines from Costa Rica

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Dolz, Gaby; Sheleby-Elías, Jessica; Romero-Zuñiga, Juan J.

    2013-01-01

    , shelters and rescue centers of wildlife in Costa Rica. They belonged to 19 species of psittacine birds. The most representative species in the sample were Ara macao (157), Ara ambigua (37), Amazona autumnalis (24), Amazon ochrocephala (21) and Ara ararauna (8). A prevalence of 19.7% (53/269) for PBFDV...... and 4.8% (13/269) for APV was determined using Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR). In 3.3% (9/269) of the birds mixed infections were detected. Statistical analysis determined that psittacines living in shelters and rescue centers had a greater risk to be positive to PBFDV and APV than birds that were...

  16. EXPANSIÓN Y DIVERGENCIA DEL LOCUS GH ENTRE EL MONO ARAÑA Y EL CHIMPANCÉ

    OpenAIRE

    DE MENDOZA, AGNÈS; ESQUIVEL, DOLORES; MARTÍNEZ, IRMA; BARRERA, HUGO

    2005-01-01

    Para precisar la historia muy particular de la hormona del crecimiento (GH) en los primates, se describieron los loci GH del mono araña, un mono del Nuevo Mundo y del chimpancé, una especie cercana al humano. Al menos seis genes integran ambos loci GH: todos del tipo GH en el mono araña, y dos GHs y cuatro lactógenos placentarios (PLs) en el chimpancé. Las regiones intergénicas del locus del chimpancé presentan un tamaño mayor a las del mono araña. Este trabajo conf...

  17. NCBI nr-aa BLAST: CBRC-CREM-01-1091 [SEVENS

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available CBRC-CREM-01-1091 ref|YP_796667.1| Transcriptional regulator, AraC family [Leptospira borgpeter...senii serovar Hardjo-bovis L550] gb|ABJ77734.1| Transcriptional regulator, AraC family [Leptospira borgpetersenii serovar Hardjo-bovis L550] YP_796667.1 0.024 18% ...

  18. Entomological investigation of a sylvatic yellow fever area in São Paulo State, Brazil Investigação entomológica em área de ocorrência de febre amarela silvestre no Estado de São Paulo, Brasil

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Vera L. F. de Camargo-Neves

    2005-08-01

    Full Text Available Following reports of two autochthonous cases of sylvatic yellow fever in the State of São Paulo, Brazil, in 2000, entomological surveys were conducted with the objective of verifying the occurrence of vector species in forest environments close to or associated with riparian areas located in the western and northwestern regions of the State. Culicidae were captured in 39 sites distributed in four regions. Haemagogus leucocelaenus and Aedes albopictus were the most abundant species and were captured in all the regions studied. H. leucocelaenus was the most abundant species in the municipalities of Santa Albertina and Ouroeste, where the two cases of sylvatic yellow fever had been reported. Mosquitoes from the janthinomys/capricornii group were only found at eight sites in the São José do Rio Preto region, while Sabethes chloropterus was found at one site in Ribeirão Preto. H. leucocelaenus showed its capacity to adapt to a secondary and degraded environment. Our results indicate a wide receptive area for yellow fever transmission in the State of São Paulo, with particular emphasis on the possibility of H. leucocelaenus being involved in the maintenance of this sylvatic focus of the disease.O registro de dois casos autóctones de febre amarela silvestre no Estado de São Paulo, Brasil, em 2000, desencadeou investigações entomológicas com o objetivo de verificar a ocorrência das espécies vetoras em ambientes florestais próximos ou associados às zonas ribeirinhas, situados nas regiões oeste e noroeste do Estado. As capturas foram realizadas em 39 localidades distribuídas por quatro regiões do Estado. Haemagogus leucocelaenus e Aedes albopictus foram as espécies mais abundantes e capturadas em todas as regiões. H. leucocelaenus foi a espécie mais abundante nos municípios de Santa Albertina e Ouroeste, onde os casos de febre amarela silvestre foram registrados. Mosquitos do grupo janthinomys/capricornii foram encontrados em oito

  19. ABD’deki Kadın Okul Bölgesi Müdürlerinin Yaşadığı Cinsiyet Ayrımcılığına Dayalı Sorunlar, Üstesinden Gelme Yolları ve Öneriler

    OpenAIRE

    Babaoğlan, Emine

    2017-01-01

    Araştırmanın amacı, ABD’deki okul bölgesi müdürlerinin cinsiyet ayrımcılığına dayalı yaşadıkları sorunları, nedenlerini, üstesinden gelme yollarını ve önerilerini belirlemektir. Araştırma 15 kadın okul bölgesi müdürünün görüşlerine dayanan nitel araştırmadır. Verilerin analizinde içerik analizi kullanılmıştır. Araştırmada, kadın müdürlerin çoğunluğunun cinsiyet ayrımcılığı yaşadığı belirlenmiştir. Yaşanan sorunlar erkeklerin müdür olarak tercih edilirken kadınların edilmemesi; kadınların yöne...

  20. Effect of Cytosine Arabinoside, 3-Aminobenzamide and Hydroxyurea on the frequencies of radiation-induced micronuclei and aneuploidy in human lymphocytes

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Cho, Yoon Hee; Kim, Yang Jee; Ha, Sung Whan; Chung, Hai Won; Kang, Chang Mo

    2005-01-01

    This study was carried out to examine the effect of the DNA repair inhibitors, Cytosine Arabinoside(Ara C), 3-Aminobenzamide(3AB) and Hydroxyurea(HU) on the frequencies of radiation-induced MicroNuclei(MNi) and aneuploidy. Irradiated lymphocytes(1-3Gy) were treated with DNA repair inhibitors, Ara C, 3AB and HU for 3 hours and CBMN assay - FISH technique with DNA probe for chromosome 1 and 4 was performed. The frequencies of x-ray induced MNi and aneuploidy of chromosome 1 and 4 were increased in a dose-dependent manner. Ara C, 3AB and HU enhanced the frequencies of radiation-induced MNi and the frequencies of radiation-induced aneuploidy of chromosome 1 and 4 were enhanced by HU and Ara C while no effect was observed by 3AB. The frequency of radiation-induced aneuploidy of chromosome 1 was higher than that of chromosome 4. These results suggest that there are different mechanisms involved in the formation of MNi and aneuploidy by radiation