Survey of immunoassay techniques for biological analysis

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Burtis, C.A.

1986-10-01

Immunoassay is a very specific, sensitive, and widely applicable analytical technique. Recent advances in genetic engineering have led to the development of monoclonal antibodies which further improves the specificity of immunoassays. Originally, radioisotopes were used to label the antigens and antibodies used in immunoassays. However, in the last decade, numerous types of immunoassays have been developed which utilize enzymes and fluorescent dyes as labels. Given the technical, safety, health, and disposal problems associated with using radioisotopes, immunoassays that utilize the enzyme and fluorescent labels are rapidly replacing those using radioisotope labels. These newer techniques are as sensitive, are easily automated, have stable reagents, and do not have a disposal problem. 6 refs., 1 fig., 2 tabs

Development of mini-LIA and primary experiments

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Cheng Cheng; Liao Shuqing; Zheng Shuxin; Lin Yuzheng; Tang Chuanxiang; Jing Xiaobing; Mu Fan; Pan Haifeng; Zhang Kaizhi; Shi Jinshui; Deng Jianjun

2009-01-01

Mini-LIA is a miniature of a linear induction accelerator developed by China Academy of Engineering Physics and Tsinghua University in 2007. It has been constructed with a thermionic cathode in an electron injector and a metglas core in the induction accelerator cavities. A double-pulsed electron beam was produced for the first time in China on the Mini-LIA with a thermionic cathode in the electron gun and a metglas core in the induction accelerator cavities. A double-pulsed beam current of more than 1.1A was obtained on condition of 80 kV double-pulsed high voltage produced by pulsed power system supplying to the injector and accelerating modules. Some primary experiments for measuring the parameters of Mini-LIA has been performed, and some beam characterizations of Mini-LIA are presented. Further improvement is underway. (authors)

Programa Bolsa Família: impacto das transferências sobre os gastos com alimentos em famílias rurais

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Gisléia Benini Duarte

2009-12-01

Full Text Available Programas de transferência condicionada de renda são políticas sociais correntemente empregadas para combater e reduzir a pobreza em diversos países. No curto prazo, esses programas visam aliviar os problemas decorrentes da situação de pobreza, sendo que, no longo prazo, o objetivo é investir no capital humano, quebrando o ciclo intergeracional da pobreza. Estudos têm sido realizados para avaliar os impactos desses programas sobre variáveis como freqüência escolar, trabalho infantil, gastos com alimentação, entre outros. Este trabalho avalia o impacto da transferência de renda do Programa Bolsa Família sobre os gastos com alimentos de famílias rurais. As estimações foram feitas com base no método de Propensity Score Matching (PSM, que corrige para o viés de seleção amostral. Os resultados mostram que o valor médio das despesas anuais para as famílias beneficiárias supera em R$ 246 os gastos totais das famílias não-participantes. Considerando que a média anual recebida por essas famílias é de R$ 278, pode-se inferir que 88% desse valor é utilizado para consumo de alimento. Portanto, o programa de transferência condicionada Bolsa Família exerce um impacto positivo sobre o consumo de alimentos dessas famílias selecionadas.Conditional income transfer programs are social policies currently adopted to reduce poverty in several countries. These conditional transfer schemes have a goal to alleviate some of the consequences of poverty in the short run and increase human capital in the long run changing the intergenerational poverty cycle. Several papers evaluate the impact of income transfer on school attendance, child work and food expenses, among others. This paper analyzes the impact of the Bolsa Família Program on food expenses of rural families. The Propensity Score Method was used to correct sample selection bias. Results show that annual food expenses increased 246 reais in relation to non participant families

Multiplex dipstick immunoassay for semi-quantitative determination of Fusarium mycotoxins in cereals

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Lattanzio, Veronica M.T., E-mail: veronica.lattanzio@ispa.cnr.it [National Research Council of Italy, Institute of Sciences of Food Production (ISPA-CNR), Via Amendola 122/O, 70126 Bari (Italy); Nivarlet, Noan [UNISENSOR S.A., Zoning industriel du Dossay, Rue du Dossay no 3, B-4020 Liege (Belgium); Lippolis, Vincenzo; Gatta, Stefania Della [National Research Council of Italy, Institute of Sciences of Food Production (ISPA-CNR), Via Amendola 122/O, 70126 Bari (Italy); Huet, Anne-Catherine; Delahaut, Philippe [Centre d' Economie Rurale (CER Groupe), Rue du Point du Jour no 8, B-6900 Marloie (Belgium); Granier, Benoit [UNISENSOR S.A., Zoning industriel du Dossay, Rue du Dossay no 3, B-4020 Liege (Belgium); Visconti, Angelo [National Research Council of Italy, Institute of Sciences of Food Production (ISPA-CNR), Via Amendola 122/O, 70126 Bari (Italy)

2012-03-09

Highlights: Black-Right-Pointing-Pointer We developed a rapid method based on a multiplex dipstick immunoassay. Black-Right-Pointing-Pointer The assay allowed the determination of major Fusarium toxins in wheat, oats, maize. Black-Right-Pointing-Pointer We obtained cut off levels close to EU regulatory levels. - Abstract: A multiplex dipstick immunoassay based method for the simultaneous determination of major Fusarium toxins, namely zearalenone, T-2 and HT-2 toxins, deoxynivalenol and fumonisins in wheat, oats and maize has been developed. The dipstick format was based on an indirect competitive approach. Four test lines (mycotoxin-BSA conjugates) and one control line were located on the strip membrane. Labelled antibodies were freeze-dried within the microwell. Two matrix-related sample preparation protocols have been developed for wheat/oats (not containing fumonisins) and maize (containing fumonisins) respectively. The use of a methanol/water mixture for sample preparation allowed recoveries in the range 73-109% for all mycotoxins in all tested cereals, with relative standard deviation less than 10%. The optimized immunoassay was able to detect target mycotoxins at cut off levels equal to 80% of EU maximum permitted levels, i.e. 280, 400, 1400 and 3200 {mu}g kg{sup -1}, respectively, for zearalenone, T-2/HT-2 toxins, deoxynivalenol and fumonisins in maize, and 80, 400 and 1400 {mu}g kg{sup -1}, respectively, for zearalenone, T-2/HT-2 toxins and deoxynivalenol in wheat and oats. Analysis of naturally contaminated samples resulted in a good agreement between multiplex dipstick and validated confirmatory LC-MS/MS. The percentage of false positive results was less than or equal to 13%, whereas no false negative results were obtained. Data on the presence/absence of 6 mycotoxins at levels close to EU regulatory levels were obtained within 30 min. The proposed immunoassay protocol is rapid, inexpensive, easy-to-use and fit for purpose of rapid screening of mycotoxins

Hydrogel nanoparticle based immunoassay

Science.gov (United States)

Liotta, Lance A; Luchini, Alessandra; Petricoin, Emanuel F; Espina, Virginia

2015-04-21

An immunoassay device incorporating porous polymeric capture nanoparticles within either the sample collection vessel or pre-impregnated into a porous substratum within fluid flow path of the analytical device is presented. This incorporation of capture particles within the immunoassay device improves sensitivity while removing the requirement for pre-processing of samples prior to loading the immunoassay device. A preferred embodiment is coreshell bait containing capture nanoparticles which perform three functions in one step, in solution: a) molecular size sieving, b) target analyte sequestration and concentration, and c) protection from degradation. The polymeric matrix of the capture particles may be made of co-polymeric materials having a structural monomer and an affinity monomer, the affinity monomer having properties that attract the analyte to the capture particle. This device is useful for point of care diagnostic assays for biomedical applications and as field deployable assays for environmental, pathogen and chemical or biological threat identification.

The right environment for the immunoassay

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Emon, J.M. Van; Gerlach, C.L.

1995-01-01

For the US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), the first in-house research effort began in 1987, when results of an early immunoassay field study verified the technology's potential for environmental applications. Looking at the fundamental features of immunochemical reactions from the clinical laboratories, analytical chemists realized the potential value of these methods for hazardous waste site characterization and pesticide monitoring. Immunoassays rely on the interaction between an antibody and a target analyte. For environmental purposes, enzyme immunoassays are generally used. After the target analyte binds to the antibody, an enzymatic reaction yields a colorimetric change. This change, read visually or by a spectrophotometer, indicates the concentration of the target analyte. Promising results with assays for compounds (such as paraquat and pentachlorophenol) and compound groups (such as total petroleum hydrocarbons and polychlorinated biphenyls) spurred interest among various entrepreneurs. The first target market for immunoassays was environmental engineers and field crews who needed quick answers on-site to determine the direction of further remediation efforts

Recalibration of the yellow Rhizocarpon growth curve in the Cordillera Blanca (Peru) and implications for LIA chronology

Science.gov (United States)

Jomelli, V.; Grancher, D.; Brunstein, D.; Solomina, O.

2008-01-01

A new lichen dating method and new moraine observations enabled us to improve the chronology of glacier advances in the Cordillera Blanca (Peru) during the Little Ice Age (LIA). Our results reveal that an early LIA glacial advance occurred around AD 1330 ± 29. However, a second major glacial advance at the beginning of the 17th century overlapped the earlier stage for most glaciers. Hence, this second glacial stage, dated from AD 1630 ± 27, is considered as the LIA maximum glacial advance in the Cordillera Blanca. During the 17th-18th centuries, at least three glacial advances were recorded synchronously for the different glaciers (AD 1670 ± 24, 1730 ± 21, and 1760 ± 19). The moraines corresponding to the two first stages are close to the one in 1630 suggesting a slow recession of about 18% in the total length of the glacier. From the LIA maximum extent to the beginning of the 20th century, the 24 glaciers have retreated a distance of about 1000 m, corresponding to a reduction of 30% in their length. This rate is comparable to that observed during the 20th century. Estimates of palaeo-Equilibrium Line Altitudes show an increase in altitude of about 100 m from the LIA maximum glacial extension at the beginning of the 17th century to the beginning of the 20th century. Because long time series are not available for precipitation and temperature, this glacial retreat is difficult to explain by past climate changes. However, there is a fair correspondence between changes in glacier length and the δ18O recorded in the Quelccaya ice core at a century timescale. Our current knowledge of tropical glaciers and isotope variations leads us to suggest that this common tropical signal reflects a change from a wet LIA to the drier conditions of today. Finally, a remarkable synchronicity is observed with glacial variations in Bolivia, suggesting a common regional climatic pattern during the LIA.

Assessment of Laser Induced Ablation Spectroscopy (LIAS) as a method for quantitative in situ surface diagnostic in plasma environments

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Gierse, Niels Hannes Gustav

2014-01-01

In this work Laser Induced Ablation Spectroscopy (LIAS) is investigated as an in situ plasma surface interaction diagnostic for fusion reactors and fusion experiments. In LIAS an intensive laser pulse is used to ablate the material under investigation during plasma operation. Ablation products penetrate into the edge region of the plasma and are excited and ionized. In case of molecules and clusters additionally dissociation occurs. The emitted line radiation is observed by radiometric calibrated spectroscopy. Results from LIAS of W/C/Al/D-mixed layers and amorphous hydrocarbon layers are presented. Using a fast camera system time resolved measurements of the LIAS.process could be performed, allowing investigation of the temporal behavior of excitation, dissociation and ionization processes. For Tungsten, 90% of the LIAS light is observed within 10±3 μs after the laser pulse. In case of carbon within 20±3 μs. Additionally separation in time of LIAS emission and the LIBS emission caused by the laser pulse at the surface within single measurements was demonstrated. This allows the separate analysis of both processes in a coaxial setup which is foreseen for future experiments. The inverse photon efficiency of the Balmer D_α-emission from LIAS of a-C:D-layers was found to be [(D)/(XB)]"a"-"C":"D""L""I""A""S"_→"D_D__α=71±7. The plasma perturbation due to LIAS was investigated by laser energy density variation when ablating W/C/Al/D.mixed layers. Local plasma perturbation is found to increase with laser energy density. Balmer H_γ/H_δ - line intensity ratio measurements only show for ohmic discharges and the case of the lowest central density signs of local plasma perturbation in LIAS of graphite samples. A simple analytical model for local plasma perturbation during LIAS is introduced and evaluated. Qualitative agreement between the model and the above reported experimental observations is found; a stronger influence on local conditions is found by tungsten

Rapid micromotor-based naked-eye immunoassay.

Science.gov (United States)

de Ávila, Berta Esteban-Fernández; Zhao, Mingjiao; Campuzano, Susana; Ricci, Francesco; Pingarrón, José M; Mascini, Marcello; Wang, Joseph

2017-05-15

A dynamic micromotor-based immunoassay, exemplified by cortisol detection, based on the use of tubular micromotors functionalized with a specific antibody is described. The use of antibody-functionalized micromotors offers huge acceleration of both direct and competitive cortisol immunoassays, along with greatly enhanced sensitivity of direct and competitive immunoassays. The dramatically improved speed and sensitivity reflect the greatly increased likelihood of antibody-cortisol contacts and fluid mixing associated with the dynamic movement of these microtube motors and corresponding bubble generation that lead to a highly efficient and rapid recognition process. Rapid naked-eye detection of cortisol in the sample is achieved in connection to use of horseradish peroxidase (HRP) tag and TMB/H 2 O 2 system. Key parameters of the competitive immunoassay (e.g., incubation time and reaction volume) were optimized. This fast visual micromotor-based sensing approach enables "on the move" specific detection of the target cortisol down to 0.1μgmL -1 in just 2min, using ultrasmall (50µL) sample volumes. Copyright © 2017 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Seroprevalence of human T-cell lymphotropic virus-1/2 in blood donors in northern pakistan: implication for blood donor screening

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Niazi, S.K.

2015-01-01

To determine the seroprevalence of Human T-cell Lymphotropic Virus-1/2 (HTLV-1/2) in blood donors in Northern Pakistan. Study Design: Descriptive study. Place and Duration of Study: Armed Forces Institute of Transfusion, Rawalpindi, from July to August 2013. Methodology:A total of 2100 blood donors were screened for anti-HTLV-1/2 antibodies during the study period, in a pool of six, on a highly sensitive, Chemiluminiscent Microparticle Immunoassay (CMIA) based system. The screening test reactive donors were recalled, counseled and interviewed, and a fresh sample was obtained for confirmatory testing. Confirmation was performed using additional immunoassays including Line Immunoassay (LIA); with additional testing for HTLV-1 pvDNAPCR. Frequency and percentages were determined. Results: Four donors (0.19%) were repeatedly screening test-reactive and were subsequently confirmed to be HTLV-1 infected by line immunoassay and HTLV-1 pvDNAPCR. All four donors were male with mean age of 27 ± 6.27 years. Two (50%) of the positive donors gave history of Multiple Sexual Partners (MSP). Conclusion: HTLV-1 seroprevalence in Northern Pakistan blood donors was determined to be 0.19%. Large scale studies, including the cost effectiveness of screening blood donations for anti-HTLV-1/2 in Pakistan, are recommended. (author)

Tree Line Structure and Dynamics at the Northern Limit of the Larch Forest: Anabar Plateau, Siberia, Russia

Science.gov (United States)

Kharuk, Viacheslav I.; Ranson, Kenneth J.; Im, Sergey T.; Oskorbin, Pavel A.; Dvinskaya, Maria L.; Ovchinnikov, Dmitriy V.

2013-01-01

The goal of the study was to provide an analysis of climate impact before, during, and after the Little Ice Age (LIA) on the larch (Larix gmelinii) tree line at the northern extreme of Siberian forests. Recent decadal climate change impacts on the tree line, regeneration abundance, and age structure were analyzed. The location of the study area was within the forest-tundra ecotone (elevation range 170-450 m) in the Anabar Plateau, northern Siberia. Field studies were conducted along elevational transects. Tree natality/mortality and radial increment were determined based on dendrochronology analyses. Tree morphology, number of living and subfossil trees, regeneration abundance, and age structure were studied. Locations of pre-LIA, LIA, and post-LIA tree lines and refugia boundaries were established. Long-term climate variables and drought index were included in the analysis. It was found that tree mortality from the 16th century through the beginning of the 19th century caused a downward tree line recession. Sparse larch stands experienced deforestation, transforming into tundra with isolated relict trees. The maximum tree mortality and radial growth decrease were observed to have occurred at the beginning of 18th century. Now larch, at its northern boundary in Siberia, is migrating into tundra areas. Upward tree migration was induced by warming in the middle of the 19th century. Refugia played an important role in repopulation of the forest-tundra ecotone by providing a seed source and shelter for recruitment of larch regeneration. Currently this ecotone is being repopulated mainly by tree cohorts that were established after the 1930s. The last two decades of warming did not result in an acceleration of regeneration recruitment because of increased drought conditions. The regeneration line reached (but did not exceed) the pre-LIA tree line location, although contemporary tree heights and stand densities are comparatively lower than in the pre-LIA period. The mean

Preliminary results of Linear Induction Accelerator LIA-200

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Sharma, Archana; Senthil, K; Kumar, D D Praveen; Mitra, S; Sharma, V; Patel, A; Sharma, D K; Rehim, R; Kolge, T S; Saroj, P C; Acharya, S; Amitava, Roy; Rakhee, M; Nagesh, K V; Chakravarthy, D P, E-mail: aroy@barc.gov.i, E-mail: arsharma@barc.gov.i [Accelerator and Pulse Power Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Trombay, Mumbai 400 085 (India)

2010-05-15

Repetitive Pulsed Power Technology is being developed keeping in mind the potential applications of this technology in material modifications, disinfections of water, timber, and food pasteurization etc. BARC has indigenously developed a Linear Induction Accelerator (LIA-200) rated for 200 kV, 4 kA, 100 ns, 10 Hz. The satisfactory performance of all the sub-systems including solid state power modulator, amorphous core based pulsed transformers, magnetic switches, water capacitors, water pulse- forming line, induction adder and field-emission diode have been demonstrated. This paper presents some design details and operational results of this pulsed power system. It also highlights the need for further research and development to build reliable and economic high-average power systems for industrial applications.

Bromélias do Paraná

OpenAIRE

Anacleto, Adilson

2012-01-01

Resumo: Apresentam-se resultados de pesquisa sobre as bromélias no Paraná, um grupo de espécies de plantas ornamentais nativas no Estado e que apresentam relevante valor comercial. Realizou-se inicialmente um diagnóstico do sistema de produção de bromélias, evidenciando as particularidades e discrepâncias em relação aos modelos de produção descritos na literatura. Procedeu-se estudo de viabilidade econômica de implantação de novos cultivos. Foi também quantificado o sistema sócio econômico do...

Subcellular localization, interactions and dynamics of the phage-shock protein-like Lia response in Bacillus subtilis.

Science.gov (United States)

Domínguez-Escobar, Julia; Wolf, Diana; Fritz, Georg; Höfler, Carolin; Wedlich-Söldner, Roland; Mascher, Thorsten

2014-05-01

The liaIH operon of Bacillus subtilis is the main target of the envelope stress-inducible two-component system LiaRS. Here, we studied the localization, interaction and cellular dynamics of Lia proteins to gain insights into the physiological role of the Lia response. We demonstrate that LiaI serves as the membrane anchor for the phage-shock protein A homologue LiaH. Under non-inducing conditions, LiaI locates in highly motile membrane-associated foci, while LiaH is dispersed throughout the cytoplasm. Under stress conditions, both proteins are strongly induced and colocalize in numerous distinct static spots at the cytoplasmic membrane. This behaviour is independent of MreB and does also not correlate with the stalling of the cell wall biosynthesis machinery upon antibiotic inhibition. It can be induced by antibiotics that interfere with the membrane-anchored steps of cell wall biosynthesis, while compounds that inhibit the cytoplasmic or extracytoplasmic steps do not trigger this response. Taken together, our data are consistent with a model in which the Lia system scans the cytoplasmic membrane for envelope perturbations. Upon their detection, LiaS activates the cognate response regulator LiaR, which in turn strongly induces the liaIH operon. Simultaneously, LiaI recruits LiaH to the membrane, presumably to protect the envelope and counteract the antibiotic-induced damage. © 2014 John Wiley & Sons Ltd.

Can LC and LC-MS ever replace immunoassays?

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Timothy G. Cross

2016-10-01

Full Text Available Immunoassays have been the technology of choice for the analysis of biomolecules for many decades across a wide range of applications in research, diagnostics and infectious disease monitoring. There are good reasons for the wide adoption of immunoassays but even such a well established and characterised technique has limitations and as such investigators are looking at alternative technologies. One such alternative is liquid chromatography (LC and, more specifically, liquid chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (LC-MS. This article will review both immunoassay and LC and LC-MS technologies and methodologies and discuss the advantages and limitations of both approaches. In addition, the next developments that will need to occur before there is widespread adoption of LC and LC-MS technology preferentially over immunoassays will be examined.

Família “margarina”: as estereotipias de famílias na indústria cultural e a des/re/construção de conceitos docentes

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Isaias Batista de Oliveira Júnior

2015-11-01

Full Text Available Comumente observamos que a indústria cultural através da mídia pulveriza e torna visível uma série de experiências biográficas e modelos organizacionais, nomeados para este estudo de “família margarina”, que contribuem para aprofundar e ampliar os estigmas reforçando estereotipias. Pensando na problematização do conceito de família buscamos compreender como a indústria cultural contribui na formação do conceito de família na visão de alunos do curso de pedagogia como condição de sua futura atuação profissional. Participaram da investigação alunos do primeiro ano de Pedagogia de uma Universidade Pública do Estado do Paraná, através de debates acerca do conceito de família utilizando como estratégias textos, fontes disponíveis na rede mundial de computadores e propagandas televisivas. Concluímos que a visão dos sujeitos da pesquisa aponta para uma visão clássica de família, baseada em características definidoras. É necessário problematizar a realidade das famílias na contemporaneidade no processo formativo destes indivíduos e a complexidade dos fatores que interferem no seu conceito de família, para tanto, ela deve ser compreendida historicamente e analisada em suas especificidades através da adoção de determinados pressupostos pedagógicos.

LIAS light – Towards the ten thousand species milestone

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Gerhard Rambold

2014-01-01

Full Text Available Over the past 12 years, the lichen trait database LIAS light as a component of the LIAS information system, has grown to a considerable pool of descriptive data based on 71 different qualitative, quantitative, and text characters, for nearly 10.000 lichen taxa, being phylogenetically arranged according to the MycoNet classification. It includes information on morphological, ecological and chemical traits. Multilinguality or internationalization options have become a central challenge of the project. At present, 18 language versions of the database and web interface exist. LIAS light data are accessible in DELTA format and to be used locally and web browser-based, via NaviKey applet.

CAPITALISMO E ONTOLOGIA DA BIOÉTICA: O PROCESSO DE TRABALHO DE MÉDICOS DE FAMÍLIA NA ITÁLIA

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Rita de Cássia Gabrielli Souza Lima

Full Text Available O artigo examina as fragilidades que permeiam as inter-relações estabelecidas no processo de trabalho de médicos de família italianos para conhecer possíveis conflitos éticos. Trata-se de um estudo de campo, de abordagem qualitativa e caráter explora-tório-descritivo, realizado em 2007, na província de Roma, região do Lácio, Itália, com médicos de família italianos conveniados ao Serviço Sanitário Nacional. Analisados à luz da bioética cotidiana, os resultados mostram conflitos éticos gerados diretamente pelo modelo de organização de atenção em saúde do Serviço Sanitário Nacional e pelo mercado da indústria farmacêutica e indiretamente pela sociedade, tendo como pano de fundo o capitalismo em sua face neoliberal.

Status of immunoassay as an analytical tool in environmental investigations

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Van Emon, J.M.

2000-01-01

Immunoassay methods were initially applied in clinical situations where their sensitivity and selectivity were utilized for diagnostic purposes. In the 1970s, pesticide chemists realized the potential benefits of immunoassay methods for compounds difficult to analyze by gas chromatography. This transition of the technology has extended to the analysis of soil, water, food and other matrices of environmental and human exposure significance particularly for compounds difficult to analyze by chromatographic methods. The utility of radioimmunoassays and enzyme immunoassays for environmental investigations was recognized in the 1980s by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (U.S. EPA) with the initiation of an immunoassay development programme. The U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) and the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (PDA) have investigated immunoassays for the detection of residues in food both from an inspection and a contamination prevention perspective. Environmental immunoassays are providing rapid screening information as well as quantitative information to fulfill rigorous data quality objectives for monitoring programmes

Catch and measure-mass spectrometry-based immunoassays in biomarker research.

Science.gov (United States)

Weiß, Frederik; van den Berg, Bart H J; Planatscher, Hannes; Pynn, Christopher J; Joos, Thomas O; Poetz, Oliver

2014-05-01

Mass spectrometry-based (MS) methods are effective tools for discovering protein biomarker candidates that can differentiate between physiological and pathophysiological states. Promising candidates are validated in studies comprising large patient cohorts. Here, targeted protein analytics are used to increase sample throughput. Methods involving antibodies, such as sandwich immunoassays or Western blots, are commonly applied at this stage. Highly-specific and sensitive mass spectrometry-based immunoassays that have been established in recent years offer a suitable alternative to sandwich immunoassays for quantifying proteins. Mass Spectrometric ImmunoAssays (MSIA) and Stable Isotope Standards and Capture by Anti-Peptide Antibodies (SISCAPA/iMALDI) are two prominent types of MS-based immunoassays in which the capture is done either at the protein or the peptide level. We present an overview of these emerging types of immunoassays and discuss their suitability for the discovery and validation of protein biomarkers. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled: Biomarkers: A Proteomic Challenge. © 2013.

Comparison of different assays to assess human papillomavirus (HPV) type 16- and 18-specific antibodies after HPV infection and vaccination

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Scherpenisse, Mirte; Schepp, Rutger M.; Mollers, Madelief; Mooij, Sofie H.; Meijer, Chris J. L. M.; Berbers, Guy A. M.; van der Klis, Fiona R. M.

2013-01-01

We compared the measurement of human papillomavirus (HPV)-specific serum antibody levels with the virus-like-particle multiplex immunoassay (VLP-MIA), competitive Luminex immunoassay (cLIA), and glutathione S-transferase (GST) L1-based MIA. Using a large panel of serum samples, these assays showed

Filhas de famílias homoparentais: processos, confrontos e pluralidades

OpenAIRE

Jimena de Garay Hernandez

2013-01-01

Os movimentos feministas e LGBT no contexto mundial, latino-americano e brasileiro, assim como as perspectivas teórico-políticas pós-estruturalistas, têm questionado profundamente a família entendida sob os parâmetros da modernidade. Diante disso, são grandes os avanços no que tange aos direitos que garantem a proteção e estabilidade de famílias compostas por mães lésbicas, seja solteiras ou em casal, o que tem promovido que as filhas dessas famílias se desenvolvam em ambientes com mais refer...

Olhares de crianças baianas sobre família

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Lúcia Vaz de Campos Moreira

2009-04-01

Full Text Available Este estudo investigou os significados que 60 crianças baianas, de 6 a 12 anos, atribuíam aos pais, mães, irmãos, avós e família. Os participantes foram divididos em quatro grupos de 15 crianças: dois de Salvador-BA, cujos pais tinham nível sócio-educacional baixo e alto, e dois provenientes do interior da Bahia com os mesmos níveis sócio-educacionais. As crianças foram entrevistadas individualmente conforme roteiro semi-estruturado. Investigou-se a composição da família e o local da moradia com os responsáveis. Os dados evidenciam que as crianças residem com a família nuclear, mas têm relações estreitas com a família extensa; a família é concebida como quem cuida e apóia; a mãe cuida, educa e é afetiva; o pai e o avô são lúdicos; as avós agradam; os irmãos brincam, ajudam e ensinam, embora também atritem, mas são companhias com as quais se conta sempre.

Coerência espectroscópica de famílias de asteróides

Science.gov (United States)

Mothé Diniz, T.; Roig, F. V.

2003-08-01

As Famílias de asteróides são caracterizadas como agrupamentos de objetos provenientes da quebra por colisão de corpos precursores. Desta forma, seus membros devem preservar relações genéticas que podem ser traduzidas sob a análise de suas características espectrais. Neste trabalho é apresentado o primeiro estudo espectroscópico de todas as famílias de asteróides do cinturão principal. Para tal, a divisão em famílias foi refeita utilizando-se o método HCM com uma base de elementos próprios analíticos (Knezevic e Milani, Jun 2001) e para o estudo espectroscópico foram utilizadas diversas campanhas de observação espectroscópica, tais o S3OS2 e o SMASSII, bem como outros dados disponíveis na literatura. A homogeneidade espectroscópica de cada família foi avaliada através da verificação das classes espectroscópicas presentes, bem como da comparação destes espectros com os de objetos de fundo, localizados na vizinhança da família. Vinte e duas famílias foram analisadas (as que possuíam mais do que 3 membros com espectro) e, dentre as principais conclusões pode-se citar a homogeneidade espectroscópica e, provavelmente mineralógica das famílias de Vesta, Eunomia, Hoffmeister, Dora, Merxia, Agnia, Koronis e Veritas. Esta última em particular, foi tida como uma família não homogênea espectroscopicamente em trabalho anterior (Di Martino et al. 1997). Outro resultado interessante é, por um lado, a aparente falta de homogeneidade dos membros da família de Eos, e por outro sua forte distinção dos objetos de fundo. O oposto ocorre na família de Themis, esta apresentando-se espectroscopicamente compatível com os objetos de fundo, mas com grande homogeneidade taxonômica entre seus membros. Algumas das famílias apresentam asteróides "intrusos" (objetos cujas características físicas não são compatíveis com aquelas dos membros da família) que, de modo geral desaparecem ao se considerarem níveis mais baixos de corte para a

Bead-based immunoassays

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Wal, van der F.J.; Bergervoet, J.H.W.; Achterberg, R.P.; Haasnoot, W.

2014-01-01

Since the first immunoassay with (radioactive) labeled antibodies in the middle of the 20th century [1], many different formats on various platforms have been developed, using antibodies for capture and/or detection. If antibodies are used to capture compounds, a support, such as the wall of a

Streptavidin-functionalized capillary immune microreactor for highly efficient chemiluminescent immunoassay

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Yang Zhanjun [State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, Department of Chemistry, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093 (China); College of Chemistry and Engineering, Yangzhou University, 88 South University Avenue, Yangzhou 225002 (China); Zong Chen [State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, Department of Chemistry, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093 (China); Ju Huangxian, E-mail: hxju@nju.edu.cn [State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, Department of Chemistry, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093 (China); Yan Feng, E-mail: yanfeng2007@sohu.com [Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Prevention and Cure, Nanjing 210009 (China)

2011-11-07

Highlights: {yields} A novel capillary immune microreactor was proposed for highly efficient flow-through chemiluminescent immunoassay. {yields} The microreactor was prepared by functionalizing capillary inner wall with streptavidin for capture of biotinylated antibody. {yields} The proposed immunoassay method showed wide dynamic range, good reproducibility, stability and practicality. {yields} The microreactor was low-cost and disposable, and possessed several advantages over the conventional immunoreactors. - Abstract: A streptavidin functionalized capillary immune microreactor was designed for highly efficient flow-through chemiluminescent (CL) immunoassay. The functionalized capillary could be used as both a support for highly efficient immobilization of antibody and a flow cell for flow-through immunoassay. The functionalized inner wall and the capture process were characterized using scanning electron microscopy. Compared to conventional packed tube or thin-layer cell immunoreactor, the proposed microreactor showed remarkable properties such as lower cost, simpler fabrication, better practicality and wider dynamic range for fast CL immunoassay with good reproducibility and stability. Using {alpha}-fetoprotein as model analyte, the highly efficient CL flow-through immunoassay system showed a linear range of 3 orders of magnitude from 0.5 to 200 ng mL{sup -1} and a low detection limit of 0.1 ng mL{sup -1}. The capillary immune microreactor could make up the shortcoming of conventional CL immunoreactors and provided a promising alternative for highly efficient flow-injection immunoassay.

Comparison of capillary electrophoresis-based immunoassay with fluorescence polarization immunoassay for the immunodetermination of methamphetamine using various methamphetamine antibodies.

Science.gov (United States)

Choi, J; Kim, C; Choi, M J

1998-11-01

An accurate and simple immunoassay using capillary electrophoresis (CE) with laser-induced fluorescence (LIF) was performed for the detection of methamphetamine (MA) in urine. The CE-LIF was conducted with an untreated fused-silica column using antiserum and a tracer of fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC)-labeled MA. This CE-LIF system was compared with fluorescence polarization immunoassay (FPIA) in a TDx analyzer in the photo-check mode using the same FITC-labeled tracer and the same antiserum. Various antibodies, not only those prepared by our own immunogens but also those from commercial sources, were screened and characterized in both assay systems with regard to sensitivity, precision, and cross-reactivity. Both systems satisfied analytical precision and gave similar cross-reactivity patterns. However, the CE-LIF-based immunoassay was approximately one order superior to FPIA in sensitivity, requiring less volume of sample, antiserum, and tracer for the assay. Considering that the FPIA system is well known to be a useful tool for screening antibodies and detecting drugs, the CE-LIF-based immunoassay system, which is seemingly more advantageous than the FPIA system, appears to have great power for the characterization of antibodies and for the detection of MA in urine.

Recent advancements in the immunoassay domain

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Pradelles, Ph.

1997-01-01

The two types of immunoassay techniques, the competition analysis and the immuno-metric analysis (sandwich type), are described; the tracers used with theses methods have high specific radioactivity levels in order to be traced at extremely low content. Non radioactive tracers have been also developed, such as enzymatic, fluorescent, luminescent tracers, which are simpler and may be used at home. The Cea has recently developed some innovative immunoassay formats, such as acetylcholinesterase as a new enzymatic tracer, and immuno-metric dosage for very small molecules such as haptenes

Review of the biochemical basis of enzyme immunoassays

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Klingler, W.

1982-01-01

The ever increasing number of radioimmunological determination poses problems allied with the handling of radioactive substances. In recent years various non-radioactive methods have been developed, among which the enzyme immunoassay is already in routine use. Homogeneous and heterogeneous enzyme immunoassays are described. Criteria for enzymes, substrates and enzyme-substrate reactions are listed. (orig.) [de

O olhar sistêmico à família do idoso fragilizado

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Tatiane Dias Casimiro Valença

2012-01-01

Full Text Available A dependência e incapacidade funcional de um membro idoso da família podem provocar alterações na dinâmica e no ciclo vital familiar, apresentando situações antes nunca vivenciadas. O olhar sistêmico sobre a família permite ao profissional de saúde compreender este sistema de interrelação, contribuindo para a inteireza e globalidade do cuidado da pessoa idosa e da sua família. Este trabalho traz uma reflexão teórica com o conhecimento de autores que abordam esta temática.

Chemiluminescence immunoassay for chloramphenicol

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Lin Si; Xu Wenge; Liu Yibing

2007-06-01

A simple, solid-phase chemiluminescence immunoassay (CLIA) for the measurement of Chloramphenicol(CAP) in foodstuffs is described. A rabbit anti-CAP IgG is passively adsorbed onto the walls of polypropylene plates. The labeled conjugant is horseradish peroxidase(HRP) conjugate of CAP. Luminol solution is used as the substrate of HRP. The light yield is inversely proportional to the concentration of CAP. The method has a similar sensitivity (0.05 ng/mL), specificity, precision, and accuracy to a conventional enzyme immunoassay (EIA). The intra-assay and inter-assay CVs of ten samples were <8 and <20%, respectively, and the analytical recovery of the method was 87% 100%. The experimental correlation coefficient of dilution was found to be 0.999 using milk supernatant as buffer. The assay range for the method was 0.1-10 ng/mL, and it displayed good linearity. (authors)

The immunoassay handbook

National Research Council Canada - National Science Library

Wild, David (David G.)

2001-01-01

... importantly, enabling them to keep current on the basic theory behind immunoassay. Since the publication of the previous edition in 1994, the field has continued to evolve rapidly, and the need for a fully updated version of this book is now paramount. The second edition has been comprehensively updated and new chapters have been added to each section" [publisher's web site].

Compreendendo o alcoolismo na família Comprendiendo el alcoholismo en la família Understanding alcoholism in the family context

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Carmen Lúcia Alves Filizola

2006-12-01

Full Text Available O alcoolismo é um sério problema de saúde pública. O seu tratamento é complexo e a inclusão da família tem sido enfatizada. Esta pesquisa teve como objetivo identificar a estrutura, as relações, a rede de suporte e a vivência de famílias diante do alcoolismo. A coleta de dados foi realizada através de entrevistas semi-estruturadas com cinco famílias de alcoolistas de uma Unidade de Saúde da Família. Verificamos que o alcoolismo constituiu-se no maior problema para as famílias que demonstram pouco conhecimento sobre o tema. Entre as maiores dificuldades encontramos a violência sofrida pelos familiares. As relações familiares são conturbadas. A maioria das famílias isola-se evitando falar do alcoolismo com outros. Portanto, a rede de suporte social seria fundamental. Ao analisá-la constatamos a precariedade de recursos públicos, o desconhecimento dos existentes e a não utilização de Grupos de Apoio pelas famíliasEl alcoholismo es un serio problema de salud pública. Su tratamiento es complejo y la inclusión de la familia ha sido enfatizada. Esta investigación tuvo como objetivo identificar la estructura, las relaciones, la red de suporte y la vivencia de la familias perante al alcoholismo. La recolección de datos fue realizada a través de entrevistas semiestructuradas con cinco familias de alcohólicos de una Unidad de Salud de Familia. Verificamos que el alcoholismo se constituyó como mayor problema para las familias que demuestran poco conocimiento sobre el tema. Dentro de las mayores dificultades encontramos la violencia sufrida por los familiares. Las relaciones familiares son conturbadas. La mayoría de las familias evita hablar del alcoholismo con otros se alejando. Por esto, la red de suporte social seria fundamental. Al analizarla constatamos la precariedad de recursos públicos, el desconocimiento de los existentes y la no utilización de Grupos de Apoyo por las familias.Alcoholism is a serious problem for

Evaluation of Six Different Immunoassays for Serum Thyrotropin

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Ma Donghong; Lu Hankui; Gao Yunchao; Ge Wenli; Xiong Jiang; Liu Qiaoping; Gu Qing

2010-01-01

To analyzes the discrepancy and association among six different thyrotropin (TSH) immunoassay methods and to study their impact on the clinical diagnoses of thyroid diseases, the 150 serum samples from three groups consisting of hyperthyroidism, hypothyroidism and healthy subjects, 50 samples in each group were included in this study. The serum TSH levels were measured simultaneously by radioimmunoassay (RIA), immunoradiometric assay (IRMA), three-type chemilumiminescence immunoassay (CLIA) and electrochemiluminescence immunoassay (ECLIA). The results showed that individual serum TSH level varied significantly from one assay to another. There was no correlation between TSH RIA and other five assays in groups of hyperthyroidism and healthy subjects(P>0.05). The correlations between TSH IRMA and four automatic assays in hyperthyroidism group were relatively low (r= 0.38∼0.41). However, among the four automatic assays, TSH levels were well correlated (r= 0.92∼0.99). For clinical diagnoses, TSH RIA alone was not useful in the differentiation of hyperthyroidism and normal subjects, and TSH IRMA was misleading in some hyperthyroidism. There were no significant differences for four TSH automatic immunoassays in differential diagnoses of thyroid diseases. (authors)

Nanobody medicated immunoassay for ultrasensitive detection of cancer biomarker alpha-fetoprotein.

Science.gov (United States)

Chen, Jing; He, Qing-hua; Xu, Yang; Fu, Jin-heng; Li, Yan-ping; Tu, Zhui; Wang, Dan; Shu, Mei; Qiu, Yu-lou; Yang, Hong-wei; Liu, Yuan-yuan

2016-01-15

Immunoassay for cancer biomarkers plays an important role in cancer prevention and early diagnosis. To the development of immunoassay, the quality and stability of applied antibody is one of the key points to obtain reliability and high sensitivity for immunoassay. The main purpose of this study was to develop a novel immunoassay for ultrasensitive detection of cancer biomarker alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) based on nanobody against AFP. Two nanobodies which bind to AFP were selected from a phage display nanobody library by biopanning strategy. The prepared nanobodies are clonable, thermally stable and applied in both sandwich enzyme linked immunoassay (ELISA) and immuno-PCR assay for ultrasensitive detection of AFP. The limit detection of sandwich ELISA setup with optimized nanobodies was 0.48ng mL(-1), and the half of saturation concentration (SC50) value was 6.68±0.56ng mL(-1). These nanobodies were also used to develop an immuno-PCR assay for ultrasensitive detection of AFP, its limit detection values was 0.005ng mL(-1), and the linear range was 0.01-10,000ng mL(-1). These established immunoassays based on nanobodies were highly specific to AFP and with negligible cross reactivity with other tested caner biomarkers. Furthermore, this novel concept of nanobodies mediated immunoassay may provide potential applications in a general method for the ultrasensitive detection of various cancer biomarkers. Copyright © 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

O trabalho das enfermeiras no Programa de Saúde da Família em Marília/SP El trabajo de las enfermeras en el programa de salud de la familia en Marília/SP Nurses' role in the family health program in Marília/SP

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Regina Célia Ermel

2006-12-01

Full Text Available A estratégia de Saúde da Família apresenta-se como uma alternativa de superação do paradigma dominante no campo da saúde. Este trabalho teve como objetivo identificar o processo de trabalho das enfermeiras no Programa Saúde da Família (PSF no município de Marília, SP. A metodologia utilizada baseou-se nos pressupostos da Teoria de Intervenção Práxica em Enfermagem em Saúde Coletiva proposto por Egry (1996. Foram sujeitos do estudo a totalidade de enfermeiras que atuavam no PSF do município de Marília, no ano de 2001. Os dados foram coletados por meio de entrevista semi-estruturada e de observação direta do trabalho da enfermeira. Os resultados apontaram que as enfermeiras do PSF são jovens e possuem pouca experiência de trabalho em atenção básica. O processo de trabalho, desenvolvido por estas profissionais, toma como objeto o corpo individual, têm por finalidade os perfis de desgaste dos grupos sociais e utilizam meios e instrumentos tradicionais da saúde pública.La estrategia de Salud de la Familia se presenta como una alternativa de superación del paradigma dominante en el campo de la salud. Este trabajo tuvo como objetivo identificar el proceso de trabajo de las enfermeras en el Programa Salud de la Familia (PSF en el municipio de Marília, SP. La metodología utilizada se basó en los presupuestos de la Teoría de Intervención Práxica en Enfermería en Salud Colectiva propuesta por Egry (1996. Los sujetos de estudio fueron la totalidad de enfermeras que actuaban en el PSF del municipio de Marília, en el 2001. Los datos fueron recolectados por medio de una entrevista semi-estructurada y de observación directa del trabajo de la enfermera. Los resultados señalaron que las enfermeras del PSF son jóvenes, poseen poca experiencia de trabajo en atención básica. El proceso de trabajo desarrollado por estas profesionales toma como objeto el cuerpo individual, tiene por finalidad los perfiles de desgaste de los

Effective gasoline site assessment using the D TECH trademark BTEX immunoassay

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Hudak, R.T.; Melby, J.M.; Stave, J.W.

1994-01-01

The application of immunoassay to environmental testing can greatly aid in assessing sites for various contaminants including PCB, TNT, RDX, PAH and BTEX. Immunoassay offers several benefits to site assessment: it is accurate, reproducible and relatively inexpensive compared to instrumental analysis. In addition, because of its ease-of-use, this technique is ideal for the field and requires minimal user training. To demonstrate not only the effectiveness of the BTEX immunoassay, but also the reliability of the field results, a gasoline contaminated site was assessed comparing the BTEX immunoassay to gas chromatography. All sampling and site related activities were executed in accordance to the USEPA SW-846 guidelines. Three (3) analyses were performed on each sample. One immunoassay analysis was performed in the field by an individual who received two (2) hours of training prior to the start of the study. A technician familiar with the immunoassay ran the second analysis in a laboratory. Finally, an independent GC laboratory certified for BTEX method 8020 and 602 performed the GC analyses. One hundred one (101) samples were analyzed: thirty-nine (39) samples were water, the other sixty-two (62) were soils ranging from clay to silt. The results and costs of the methods are compared

Adília Lopes – ironista

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Rosa Maria Martelo

2004-10-01

Full Text Available O nome Adília Lopes tanto designa uma leitora profundamente interessada pela tradição poética erudita como uma assumida “poetisa pop”. E enquanto a primeira gosta de recordar referências fundamentais da Modernidade, de Rimbaud a Apollinaire, de Cesário a Pessoa, derivando para Sophia, Herberto Helder ou Sylvia Plath, ou facilmente recua no tempo literário ocidental até Diderot, S. João da Cruz e Virgílio, a segunda parece valorizar mais todo um outro universo de escrita, no qual avultam os contos infantis, as leituras da adolescência, o folhetinesco e o fait-divers das revistas femininas. Sem nunca pôr de parte as referências literárias de Adília-leitoraerudita, é sobretudo este o mundo que a “poetisa pop” gosta de reescrever, mostrando até que ponto ele é atravessado por uma insidiosa crueldade e tornando indistintas as fronteiras que o separavam (separam? da Literatura. Entre cultura erudita e cultura de massas, entre referências eruditas e uma linguagem muito próxima dos registros orais pouco vigiados, usando um verso que, por vezes, parece premeditadamente distraído num ritmo muito fácil, Adília Lopes faz apelo à memória de um mundo adolescente onde o bem e o mal, o alto e o baixo, o bom e o mau gosto pareciam irredutivelmente distintos, para tudo indiferenciar, agora, com dessacralizadora ironia. 

A intersubjetividade no contexto da família de pessoas com fibrose cística

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Geisa Santos Luz

2012-04-01

Full Text Available Trata-se de uma investigação qualitativa, com aproximação fenomenológica, que objetivou desvelar os processos intersubjetivos no contexto da família de pessoas com Fibrose Cística (FC. Desenvolveu-se entrevista com 14 famílias com portadores de FC, cadastrados na Associação Paranaense de Assistência à Mucoviscidose (AAMPR, residentes nas regiões Norte e Noroeste do estado do Paraná (PR, Brasil. Das suas falas foram apreendidas unidades de significado, agrupadas em três categorias: Família, portador de FC e o outro; Aspectos religiosos na vivência da FC na família; Portador de FC na vida escolar, afetiva e profissional. Os resultados evidenciaram que a experiência das famílias compartilhada com o outro foi crucial para o enfrentamento da doença. Conhecer os processos intersubjetivos que perpassam o âmago da família de pessoas acometidas pela FC possibilita um novo modo de atuar em Enfermagem.

CECÍLIA MEIRELES: UMA TRAVESSIA POÉTICA

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Rogério Lobo Sáber

2011-01-01

Full Text Available O presente artigo aponta os traços mais relevantes da obra poética de Cecília Meireles, uma das escritoras mais intensas da literatura brasileira. Investigaremos os aspectos formais e semânticos do poema Motivo, integrante do livro Viagem (1939, que representa a profissão de fé da escritora. Acreditamos que o presente estudo não é válido somente para o campo dos estudos literários, já que uma análise mais atenta acerca da produção de Cecília Meireles pode nos indicar caminhos que levam a uma compreensão mais ampla de nossa própria existência, de nossa própria marcha sobre esta realidade desencantadora e sem horizontes.

Fluorescence immunoassay for detecting periodontal bacterial pathogens in plaque.

OpenAIRE

Wolff, L F; Anderson, L; Sandberg, G P; Aeppli, D M; Shelburne, C E

1991-01-01

A particle concentration fluorescence immunoassay has been modified into a bacterial concentration fluorescence immunoassay (BCFIA) to rapidly detect periodontopathic bacteria in human plaque samples. The BCFIA utilizes fluorescently tagged monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) directed against the lipopolysaccharide of selected gram-negative plaque bacteria. Microorganisms closely associated with periodontal disease that can be identified in plaque with the BCFIA include Porphyromonas gingivalis, Bac...

De quem é a memória? – O relato da trajetória de uma família iugoslava nos campos da Itália durante a Segunda Guerra Mundial

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Rafaela Barkay

2013-03-01

Full Text Available Durante a Segunda Guerra Mundial, a família Dohan/Sprung, fugindo da perseguição nazista aos judeus na antiga Iugoslávia foi detida pelo exército italiano e conduzida para a Itália. Retidos inicialmente em um pequeno vilarejo no Norte do país onde sua vida muitas vezes mesclava-se à dos camponeses da região, foram conduzidos mais tarde para o campo de concentração de Ferramonti ao sul. Quando este foi libertado pelos soldados norte-americanos, seguiram para a Sicília e finalmente Roma, onde já podiam viver em liberdade. Alguns anos depois, a família imigrou para o Brasil. O relato desta trajetória por meio do olhar de uma das filhas é o foco deste artigo.

Diferenças de género no conflito trabalho-família: um estudo com famílias portuguesas de duplo-emprego com filhos em idade pré-escolar

OpenAIRE

Matias, Marisa; Andrade, Cláudia; Fontaine, Anne Marie

2011-01-01

Portugal apresenta uma crescente participação feminina no mercado de trabalho, levando a que o modelo familiar de um único elemento a trabalhar fora de casa tenha perdido expressão. Actualmente, as famílias de duplo-emprego ultrapassam em número as famílias com um único emprego, pelo que homens e mulheres debatem-se com as novas exigências do seu trabalho e da sua família. Assim, as responsabilidades do trabalho profissional, tarefas domésticas e cuidado dos filhos não se confinam mais à divi...

Immediate and heterogeneous response of the LiaFSR two-component system of Bacillus subtilis to the peptide antibiotic bacitracin.

Science.gov (United States)

Kesel, Sara; Mader, Andreas; Höfler, Carolin; Mascher, Thorsten; Leisner, Madeleine

2013-01-01

Two-component signal transduction systems are one means of bacteria to respond to external stimuli. The LiaFSR two-component system of Bacillus subtilis consists of a regular two-component system LiaRS comprising the core Histidine Kinase (HK) LiaS and the Response Regulator (RR) LiaR and additionally the accessory protein LiaF, which acts as a negative regulator of LiaRS-dependent signal transduction. The complete LiaFSR system was shown to respond to various peptide antibiotics interfering with cell wall biosynthesis, including bacitracin. Here we study the response of the LiaFSR system to various concentrations of the peptide antibiotic bacitracin. Using quantitative fluorescence microscopy, we performed a whole population study analyzed on the single cell level. We investigated switching from the non-induced 'OFF' state into the bacitracin-induced 'ON' state by monitoring gene expression of a fluorescent reporter from the RR-regulated liaI promoter. We found that switching into the 'ON' state occurred within less than 20 min in a well-defined switching window, independent of the bacitracin concentration. The switching rate and the basal expression rate decreased at low bacitracin concentrations, establishing clear heterogeneity 60 min after bacitracin induction. Finally, we performed time-lapse microscopy of single cells confirming the quantitative response as obtained in the whole population analysis for high bacitracin concentrations. The LiaFSR system exhibits an immediate, heterogeneous and graded response to the inducer bacitracin in the exponential growth phase.

Detection of narcotics with an immunoassay film badge

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Lukens, H.R.

1993-01-01

Efficient personnel performance, a major requirement for a safe nuclear industry, is jeopardized where personnel use narcotics. However, detection of narcotics at nuclear plants is a challenge. The unique specificity and sensitivity of an immunoassay has been implemented in the form of a small, dry immunoassay film badge (IFB) for the detection of vapors emitted by narcotics. The device is suitable as an area monitor, and its characteristics are suitable for use as a breath monitor for the detection of drug use

Development of national immunoassay reagent programmes

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Sufi, S.B.; Micallef, J.V.; Ahsan, R.; Goncharov, N.P.

1992-01-01

Despite the existence of networks of fully equipped laboratories with well-trained staff, the availability of immunodiagnostic services in developing countries is often limited by the high cost of imported kits. There are a number of ways of tackling this problem, ranging from bulk purchase of kits or reagents to local development and production of assay systems. Argentina/Chile, China, Cuba/Mexico, and Thailand are amongst the countries which have established local immunoassay reagent programmes to manufacture low cost, high quality immunoassay reagents. Kits from these projects are now beginning to become available, and it is hoped that they will promote national diagnostic services and research, as well as stimulating the development of reagent programmes for other analytes. (author). 4 refs, 1 tab

Control of (pre-analytical aspects in immunoassay measurements of metabolic hormones in rodents

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Maximilian Bielohuby

2018-04-01

Full Text Available The measurement of circulating hormones by immunoassay remains a cornerstone in preclinical endocrine research. For scientists conducting and interpreting immunoassay measurements of rodent samples, the paramount aim usually is to obtain reliable and meaningful measurement data in order to draw conclusions on biological processes. However, the biological variability between samples is not the only variable affecting the readout of an immunoassay measurement and a considerable amount of unwanted or unintended variability can be quickly introduced during the pre-analytical and analytical phase. This review aims to increase the awareness for the factors ‘pre-analytical’ and ‘analytical’ variability particularly in the context of immunoassay measurement of circulating metabolic hormones in rodent samples. In addition, guidance is provided how to gain control over these variables and how to avoid common pitfalls associated with sample collection, processing, storage and measurement. Furthermore, recommendations are given on how to perform a basic validation of novel single and multiplex immunoassays for the measurement of metabolic hormones in rodents. Finally, practical examples from immunoassay measurements of plasma insulin in mice address the factors ‘sampling site and inhalation anesthesia’ as frequent sources of introducing an unwanted variability during the pre-analytical phase. The knowledge about the influence of both types of variability on the immunoassay measurement of circulating hormones as well as strategies to control these variables are crucial, on the one hand, for planning and realization of metabolic rodent studies and, on the other hand, for the generation and interpretation of meaningful immunoassay data from rodent samples.

Myeloma-Derived Light Chain Paired with a Diagnostic Monoclonal Antibody Hinders Immunoassay Performance.

Science.gov (United States)

Tu, Bailin; Tieman, Bryan; Moore, Jeffrey; Pan, You; Muerhoff, A Scott

2017-06-01

Monoclonal antibodies are widely used as the capture and detection reagents in diagnostic immunoassays. In the past, myeloma fusion partners expressing endogenous heavy and/or light chains were often used to generate hybridoma cell lines. As a result, mixed populations of antibodies were produced that can cause inaccurate test results, poor antibody stability, and significant lot-to-lot variability. We describe one such scenario where the P3U1 (P3X63Ag8U.1) myeloma fusion partner was used in the generation of a hybridoma producing protein induced vitamin K absence/antagonist-II (PIVKA II) antibody. The hybridoma produces three subpopulations of immunoglobulin as determined by ion exchange (IEx) chromatography that exhibit varying degrees of immunoreactivity (0%, 50%, or 100%) to the target antigen as determined by Surface Plasmon Resonance. To produce an antibody with the highest possible sensitivity and specificity, the antigen-specific heavy and light chain variable domains (VH and VL) were cloned from the hybridoma and tethered to murine IgG1 and kappa scaffolds. The resulting recombinant antibody was expressed in Chinese hamster ovary cells and is compatible for use in a diagnostic immunoassay.

Comércio de bromélias no Paraná

OpenAIRE

Anacleto,Adilson; Negrelle,Raquel Rejane Bonato

2013-01-01

Realizou-se um estudo prospectivo da cadeia produtiva de bromélias no Estado do Paraná, objetivando conhecer o perfil do produtor paranaense, com respectiva capacidade de atender às demandas de mercado, identificar e caracterizar os diferentes níveis da cadeia produtiva e detectar os principais pontos de estrangulamento do desenvolvimento desse setor. Para tanto, foram entrevistados 19 produtores, 160 varejistas e 18 atacadistas. A quantidade de bromélias oriundas da produção do Paraná e apta...

Migração, história e transmissão: uma família que se conta

OpenAIRE

Castilho, Maria Luiza Cobra de

2010-01-01

Trataremos dos temas da migração, história e transmissão intergeracional em uma família migrante, em vulnerabilidade social, atendida pelo projeto piloto Família Acolhedora FA, da Prefeitura de São Paulo. Abordaremos a concepção de família vigente no imaginário social que não leva em conta a pluralidade do conceito família e a diversidade nos modos de convivência das famílias brasileiras, desconsiderando as diferentes redes de parentesco, consanguíneas e afins. Destacaremos as prática...

RELAÇÕES APOSENTADORIA, FAMÍLIA E SAÚDE DO TRABALHADOR

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Débora Aparecida Moura Campos

2017-01-01

Full Text Available Resumo: Ao se aposentar, o indivíduo deixa de desempenhar seu papel de trabalhador “formal”, passando a focalizar o desempenho de um membro mais ativo na família. Este artigo teve por objetivo identificar as inter-relações entre o fenômeno da aposentadoria na família e na saúde do trabalhador, analisando as publicações nacionais, em especial, artigos científicos, no período de 2013 a 2015, a partir dos descritores “aposentadoria e família”, “aposentadoria e saúde do trabalhador”. Encontrou-se o total de 198 publicações, sendo 19 delas analisadas. Constatou-se a aposentadoria como um evento de vida e, a coincidência de sua ocorrência com a proximidade da velhice, além da estreita relação com as questões de saúde e de família, configurando-se um desafio durante o processo de envelhecimento. Concluiu-se que a inter-relação dos temas aposentadoria, envelhecimento, contexto familiar e a saúde do trabalhador estão em evidência nas publicações encontradas neste estudo.   Palavras-chave: Aposentadoria. Família. Saúde do trabalhador

Label-Free Electrochemical Immunoassay for C-Reactive Protein

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Madasamy Thangamuthu

2018-03-01

Full Text Available C-reactive protein (CRP is one of the most expressed proteins in blood during acute phase inflammation, and its minute level increase has also been recognized for the clinical diagnosis of cardio vascular diseases. Unfortunately, the available commercial immunoassays are labour intensive, require large sample volumes, and have practical limitations, such as low stability and high production costs. Hence, we have developed a simple, cost effective, and label-free electrochemical immunoassay for the measurement of CRP in a drop of serum sample using an immunosensor strip made up of a screen printed carbon electrode (SPE modified with anti-CRP functionalized gold nanoparticles (AuNPs. The measurement relies on the decrease of the oxidation current of the redox indicator Fe3+/Fe2+, resulting from the immunoreaction between CRP and anti-CRP. Under optimal conditions, the present immunoassay measures CRP in a linear range from 0.4–200 nM (0.047–23.6 µg mL−1, with a detection limit of 0.15 nM (17 ng mL−1, S/N = 3 and sensitivity of 90.7 nA nM−1, in addition to a good reproducibility and storage stability. The analytical applicability of the presented immunoassay is verified by CRP measurements in human blood serum samples. This work provides the basis for a low-priced, safe, and easy-to-use point-of-care immunosensor assay to measure CRP at clinically relevant concentrations.

“Under the Skin of the Story”: An Interview with Lia Mills

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Luz Mar González-Arias

2011-03-01

Lia Mills is currently working on a historical novel and has published numerous short-stories and essays in literary journals like The Stinging Fly and The Dublin Review. She has lectured in University College Dublin and often facilitates creative writing workshops. Lia Mills’ varied literary production is a good example of the strength and energies of modern Irish fiction.

Extrativismo de bromélias no Estado do Paraná

OpenAIRE

Negrelle,Raquel Rejane Bonato; Anacleto,Adilson

2012-01-01

Visando a contribuir para o melhor entendimento da participação da atividade extrativista no âmbito da comercialização de bromélias no Brasil, apresentou-se resultado de pesquisa que buscou: a) identificar e caracterizar os extrativistas de bromélias formalmente registrados e os informais no Estado do Paraná; b) identificar e caracterizar as metodologias de coleta, o preparo e vias de comercialização das plantas coletadas; c) levantar a opinião dos extrativistas sobre facilidades e dificuldad...

Design and performance of a 3.3-MeV linear induction accelerator (LIA)

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Cheng Nianan; Zhang Shouyun; Tao Zucong

1992-01-01

A 3.3-MeV linear induction accelerator (LIA) has been designed and constructed at the China Academy of Engineering Physics. The parameters of 3.4 MeV, 2 kA, 80 ns and 1 x 10 4 A/(rad.cm) 2 have been achieved. It has been used for SG-1 FEL experiments. The accelerator is mounted on a movable frame so that , after moving 3 m transversely, it can be assembled with more modules into a 10-MeV LIA. The authors summarize the physics and engineering aspects of the LIA facility and describe the measuring means of characters for the beam

Micromotor-based lab-on-chip immunoassays

Science.gov (United States)

García, Miguel; Orozco, Jahir; Guix, Maria; Gao, Wei; Sattayasamitsathit, Sirilak; Escarpa, Alberto; Merkoçi, Arben; Wang, Joseph

2013-01-01

Here we describe the first example of using self-propelled antibody-functionalized synthetic catalytic microengines for capturing and transporting target proteins between the different reservoirs of a lab-on-a-chip (LOC) device. A new catalytic polymer/Ni/Pt microtube engine, containing carboxy moieties on its mixed poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT)/COOH-PEDOT polymeric outermost layer, is further functionalized with the antibody receptor to selectively recognize and capture the target protein. The new motor-based microchip immunoassay operations are carried out without any bulk fluid flow, replacing the common washing steps in antibody-based protein bioassays with the active transport of the captured protein throughout the different reservoirs, where each step of the immunoassay takes place. A first microchip format involving an `on-the-fly' double-antibody sandwich assay (DASA) is used for demonstrating the selective capture of the target protein, in the presence of excess of non-target proteins. A secondary antibody tagged with a polymeric-sphere tracer allows the direct visualization of the binding events. In a second approach the immuno-nanomotor captures and transports the microsphere-tagged antigen through a microchannel network. An anti-protein-A modified microengine is finally used to demonstrate the selective capture, transport and convenient label-free optical detection of a Staphylococcus aureus target bacteria (containing proteinA in its cell wall) in the presence of a large excess of non-target (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) cells. The resulting nanomotor-based microchip immunoassay offers considerable potential for diverse applications in clinical diagnostics, environmental and security monitoring fields.Here we describe the first example of using self-propelled antibody-functionalized synthetic catalytic microengines for capturing and transporting target proteins between the different reservoirs of a lab-on-a-chip (LOC) device. A new catalytic

Famílias de idosos na Estratégia de Saúde no Sul do Brasil

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Cássia Jordana Krug Wendt

2015-06-01

Full Text Available RESUMOObjetivo:caracterizar as famílias e situação de saúde de idosos na Estratégia de Saúde da Família e verificar a associação da composição familiar com as características sociodemográficas e de saúde dos idosos.Método:estudo de base populacional, com 215 famílias e 266 idosos, adscritos à Estratégia da Saúde da Família, de um município do Rio Grande do Sul.Resultados:predomínio da composição familiar nuclear, considerada como a principal fonte de apoio informal, de famílias de idosos do sexo feminino e agravos cardiovasculares. A estrutura parental nuclear teve associação bruta significativa com o sexo feminino e o consumo do tabaco.Conclusão:os resultados reforçam a necessidade de manutenção de uma rede de apoio formal e informal ao idoso e sua família para preservar a independência ou postergar o declínio da capacidade funcional.

A experiência de cuidar da mulher alcoolista na família

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Alessandro Marques dos Santos

2012-04-01

Full Text Available Este estudo tem como objetivo investigar as práticas de cuidados desenvolvidas pela família à mulher alcoolista e conhecer a percepção desta em relação aos cuidados que recebe. Trata-se de um estudo de caso, desenvolvido com uma abordagem qualitativa, cujos dados foram coletados através de entrevistas semi-estruturadas, realizadas em 2008, no domicílio de uma família de classe média, residente em um município no extremo sul do Brasil e, posteriormente, submetidos à análise de conteúdo. Os resultados mostram que os cuidados desenvolvidos pela família são centrados nas necessidades de alimentação, higiene, sono, repouso, encaminhamento aos serviços especializados para a desintoxicação e que a mulher alcoolista interpreta esses esforços como sendo ações de controle sobre sua vida e punição pela sua condição de dependência. Destaca-se que a maneira da família cuidar modifica-se no mesmo compasso em que o alcoolismo evolui.

Determining total thyroxine with the aid of the homogeneous enzyme immunoassay

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Vogt, W.

1978-01-01

Total thyrozine values obtained with the aid of the homogeneous enzyme immunoassay are compared with those delivered by the RIA and the efficiency of the EMIT technique is evaluated. Some results obtained via Enzymun-T4, a heterologous enzyme immunoassay, are also given. (VJ) 891 VJ [de

Monumento e sombra na Brasília de Marcel Gautherot

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Heloisa Espada

2012-07-01

Full Text Available Em Brasília, a objetividade e a clareza das fotografias de Marcel Gautherot, quando combinadas à presença marcante de sombras densas e perspectivas agudas, as tornam semelhantes, do ponto de vista formal, às obras iniciais do pintor italiano Giorgio de Chirico. Partindo dessa comparação, o artigo coteja a perspectiva do fotógrafo com os propósitos de Lucio Costa e Oscar Niemeyer, e com interpretações literárias e críticas que descrevem Brasília como uma paisagem "metafísica" e "surrealista".The objectivity and clarity of Marcel Gautherot's photographs of Brasília, combined to the remarkable presence of thick shadows and sharp perspectives, bring them close, from a formal point of view, to the early works of the Italian painter Giorgio de Chirico. The article measures up Gautherot's artistic perspective against the intentions of architects Lucio Costa and Oscar Niemeyer and the literary and critical interpretations that describe the city as a "methaphysical" and "surrealist" landscape.

Results of LIA-10M accelerator investigations

CERN Document Server

Gordeev, V S; Filippov, V O

2001-01-01

There are presented basic results of experiments on the LIA-10M accelerator since its putting into operation (1994) till today. There were investigated various modes of accelerator operation and its output characteristics depending on the parameters of injected electron beam,number of connected accelerator modules,time program of inductors switch-in etc. There was obtained a large scope of experimental data that are of interest for LIA-10M accelerator practical use and for the development of new facilities of this type. The investigations that have been performed recently make it possible to considerably (half as much again) increase the output dose parameters of the accelerator as compared to the level achieved before:maximal dose(Si) and dose rate on the output flange constitute 400 Gy and 2.5 centre dot 10 Gy/s, while at a 1 meter distance from the target they are equal to 7.5 Gy and 5 centre dot 10 sup 8 Gy/s, respectively.

Enfermeiros de família – olhares e sentidos à práxis cuidativa

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Emanuelle Caires Dias Araújo Nunes

2011-08-01

Full Text Available Diante das novas configurações de família na contemporaneidade, o cuidado de enfermagem envolve-se numa teia relacional para a sua práxis. O estudo objetiva conhecer os sentidos atribuídos por enfermeiros da Estratégia da Saúde da Família (ESF a partir de sua práxis cuidativa. Fundamentado na transpessoalidade e na abordagem sistêmica. Estudo qualitativo cuja coleta de informações envolveu multitécnicas. Os resultados evidenciaram a necessidade de cuidar a família intersubjetivamente e em sua complexidade existencial-relacional.

Cecília, antero e os caminhos para a perfeição

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Maria Margarida Maia Gouveia

2003-03-01

Full Text Available Na formação literária de Cecília, a literatura portuguesa desempenhou um papel importante, nomeadamente o caso exemplar da poesia e da prosa metafísica de Antero. Porém, enquanto em Antero as preocupações com a morte e o Além assumem uma forma dramática, com diálogos, espectros e “cavalgadas ideais”, em Cecília nota-se uma serena e amarga aceitação da vida. Em Antero pesam ainda fórmulas românticas de expressão poética; em Cecília verifica-se uma linguagem mais elaborada e herdeira do simbolismo. 

Highly sensitive immunoassay based on E. coli with autodisplayed Z-domain

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Jose, Joachim; Park, Min; Pyun, Jae-Chul

2010-01-01

The Z-domain of protein A has been known to bind specifically to the F c region of antibodies (IgGs). In this work, the Z-domain of protein A was expressed on the outer membrane of Escherichia coli by using 'Autodisplay' technology as a fusion protein of autotransport domain. The E. coli with autodisplayed Z-domain was applied to the sandwich-type immunoassay as a solid-support of detection-antibodies against a target analyte. For the feasibility demonstration of the E. coli based immunoassay, C-reactive protein (CRP) assay was carried out by using E. coli with autodisplayed Z-domain. The limit of detection (LOD) and binding capacity of the E. coli based immunoassay were estimated to be far more sensitive than the conventional ELISA. Such a far higher sensitivity of E. coli based immunoassay than conventional ELISA was explained by the orientation control of immobilized antibodies and the mobility of E. coli in assay matrix. From the test results of 45 rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients' serum and 15 healthy samples, a cut-off value was established to have optimal sensitivity and selectivity values for RA. The CRP test result of each individual sample was compared with ELISA which is the reference method for RA diagnosis. From this work, the E. coli with Z-domain was proved to be feasible for the medical diagnosis based on sandwich-type immunoassay.

Synthesis of CdTe/CdS/ZnS quantum dots and their application in imaging of hepatocellular carcinoma cells and immunoassay for alpha fetoprotein

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Tian Jianniao; Liu Rongjun; Zhao Yanchun; Peng Yan; Hong Xue; Zhao Shulin [Key Laboratory for the Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources (Ministry of Education of China), College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering of Guangxi Normal University, Guilin 541004 (China); Xu Qing, E-mail: tianjn58@yahoo.com.cn [Pharmacology Department of Guilin Medical College, Guilin 541004 (China)

2010-07-30

We report the imaging of hepatocellular carcinoma cells and the immunoassay for alpha fetoprotein (AFP) using CdTe/CdS/ZnS core-shell-shell QDs. Stable and high PLQY (20%-48%) CdTe/CdS/ZnS core-shell-shell QDs were synthesized by a stepwise process. Bioconjugation of the core-shell-shell QDs with streptavidin (SA) was successfully applied in immunofluorescent imaging of the human hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cell line HepG2.2.15. Furthermore, the thioglycolic acid (TGA)-capped CdTe/CdS/ZnS core-shell-shell QDs fluorescence lifetime is longer than fluorescein, so it was first engaged to conjugate with antigen for the determination of protein (AFP) by fluorescence polarization immunoassay.

Synthesis of CdTe/CdS/ZnS quantum dots and their application in imaging of hepatocellular carcinoma cells and immunoassay for alpha fetoprotein

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Tian Jianniao; Liu Rongjun; Zhao Yanchun; Peng Yan; Hong Xue; Zhao Shulin; Xu Qing

2010-01-01

We report the imaging of hepatocellular carcinoma cells and the immunoassay for alpha fetoprotein (AFP) using CdTe/CdS/ZnS core-shell-shell QDs. Stable and high PLQY (20%-48%) CdTe/CdS/ZnS core-shell-shell QDs were synthesized by a stepwise process. Bioconjugation of the core-shell-shell QDs with streptavidin (SA) was successfully applied in immunofluorescent imaging of the human hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cell line HepG2.2.15. Furthermore, the thioglycolic acid (TGA)-capped CdTe/CdS/ZnS core-shell-shell QDs fluorescence lifetime is longer than fluorescein, so it was first engaged to conjugate with antigen for the determination of protein (AFP) by fluorescence polarization immunoassay.

Representações sociais de família por crianças na cidade de Recife

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Fernanda Siqueira Ribeiro

2013-01-01

Full Text Available A pesquisa compreendeu as representações sociais de família compartilhadas por 69 crianças, de 9 a 10 anos, alunos de escolas pública e privada, na cidade de Recife. A perspectiva teórica adotada foi a Teoria das Representações Sociais e a abordagem qualitativa plurimetodológica: questionários de associação livre e hierarquização de palavras; produção de desenho individual da família; e grupos focais. Nos resultados, analisados segundo Bardin e o software EVOC, acessamos o núcleo central das representações sociais de família ancoradas em sentidos positivados próximos ao modelo nuclear. Nos elementos periféricos nos dois contextos de pertença, emergiram múltiplos arranjos familiares e diferenciações funcionais: nas crianças da escola pública, sentidos de família objetivados no afeto e nas figuras de parentesco; e nas crianças da escola privada, sentidos de família idealizados em harmonia e paz, e vínculos afetivos estendidos aos amigos e aos animais de estimação, por vezes, considerados como integrantes da família.

LIA: An Intelligent Advisor for E-Learning

Science.gov (United States)

Capuano, Nicola; Gaeta, Matteo; Marengo, Agostino; Miranda, Sergio; Orciuoli, Francesco; Ritrovato, Pierluigi

2009-01-01

Intelligent e-learning systems have revolutionized online education by providing individualized and personalized instruction for each learner. Nevertheless, until now very few systems were able to leave academic laboratories and be integrated into real commercial products. One of these few exceptions is the Learning Intelligent Advisor (LIA)…

Multiplex Immunoassay Profiling of Hormones Involved in Metabolic Regulation.

Science.gov (United States)

Stephen, Laurie; Guest, Paul C

2018-01-01

Multiplex immunoassays are used for rapid profiling of biomarker proteins and small molecules in biological fluids. The advantages over single immunoassays include lower sample consumption, cost, and labor. This chapter details a protocol to develop a 5-plex assay for glucagon-like peptide 1, growth hormone, insulin, leptin, and thyroid-stimulating hormone on the Luminex ® platform. The results of the analysis of insulin in normal control subjects are given due to the important role of this hormone in nutritional programming diseases.

Evaluation on the persistence of anti-HPV immune responses to the quadrivalent HPV vaccine in Chinese females and males: Up to 3.5 years of follow-up.

Science.gov (United States)

Huang, Teng; Liu, Youping; Li, Yanping; Liao, Yuqin; Shou, Qiong; Zheng, Minghuan; Liao, Xueyan; Li, Rongcheng

2018-03-07

This was an extension study of a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled immunogenicity and safety study of the quadrivalent human papillomavirus (qHPV) (HPV 6, 11, 16, and 18) vaccine conducted in Chinese female subjects aged 9-45 years and male subjects aged 9-15 years. To investigate the persistence of anti-HPV 6, -11, -16, and -18 responses among Chinese subjects, subjects enrolled in the base study were followed up at around month 42 (approximately 3.5 years after vaccination). Among 600 subjects enrolled in the base study, a total of 468 subjects consented for participation in the extension study. Anti-HPV 6, -11, -16, and -18 antibodies were detected by the competitive Luminex immunoassay (cLIA) and total IgG Luminex immunoassay (IgG LIA). Among the female subjects who received the qHPV vaccine, the proportions of subjects remained seropositive were high with both the cLIA and IgG LIA for HPV type 6, 11, and 16 through approximately 42 months following the first dose vaccination. For HPV 18, the seropositivity rate remained high as 82.0% with the IgG LIA, while it decreased to 53.6% with the cLIA, which was similar to the findings observed in other studies. The seropositivity rates remained high at month 42 for all qHPV types with both the cLIA and IgG LIA among the male subjects. Administration of a 3-dose regimen of qHPV vaccine induces durable anti-HPV 6, anti-HPV 11, anti-HPV 16, and anti-HPV 18 responses among Chinese subjects for at least 3.5 years after vaccination. ClinicalTrials.gov registry:NCT01427777. Copyright © 2018. Published by Elsevier Ltd.

Tonometer calibration in Brasília, Brazil Calibragem de tonômetros em Brasília, Brasil

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Fernanda Pires da Silva Abrão

2009-06-01

Full Text Available PURPOSE: To determine calibration errors of Goldmann applanation tonometers in ophthalmic clinics of Brasília, Brazil, and correlate the findings with variables related to tonometers model and utilization. METHODS: Tonometers from ophthalmic clinics in Brasília, Brazil, were checked for calibration errors. A standard Goldmann applanation tonometer checking tool was used to asses the calibration error. Only one trained individual made all verifications, with a masked reading of the results. Data on the model, age, daily use, frequency of calibration checking and the nature of the ophthalmic department - private or public - were collected and correlated with the observed errors. RESULTS: One hundred tonometers were checked for calibration. Forty seven percent (47/100 were out of 1 mmHg range at least at one point checking. Tonometers mounted to slit lamp, with less than 5 years, used in less than 20 patients daily, that had a calibration check on a yearly basis, and those from private office exhibit a lower rate of inaccuracy, but only the first variable was statistically significant. Sixty one percent of tonometers on public hospitals were out of calibration. CONCLUSION: Calibration of tonometers in the capital of Brazil is poor; those from general hospitals are worst, and this fact can lead to inaccurate detection and assessment of glaucoma patients, overall in the population under government assistance.OBJETIVOS: Determinar os erros de calibração dos tonômetros de aplanação de Goldmann em clínicas oftalmológicas de Brasília, Brasil, e correlacioná-los a variáveis relativas ao modelo e à utilização dos aparelhos. MÉTODOS: Tonômetros de clínicas oftalmológicas de Brasília tiveram a calibragem aferida usando um cilindro padrão fornecido pelo fabricante dos aparelhos. Todas as aferições foram realizadas por um só examinador previamente treinado e a leitura das medidas foi mascarada por um observador independente. As medidas

Potential applications of immunoassays in studies of flatfish recruitment

Science.gov (United States)

Feller, Robert J.

The fisheries recruitment-stock problem, a lack of correlation between measures of reproductive output of the parent stock and recruitment to the fishery, has several potential biotic and abiotic causes. Immunoassays may be useful in examining several aspects of this and several other problems in flatfish ecology: stock identification, parasitism and disease, and trophic interactions. Given stage-specific antisera capable of recognozing antigenic moieties of, for instance, eggs, larvae, or newly-settled juveniles, it is possible to screen stomach contents of many putative predators ( e.g., shrimp or crabs) rapidly for the presence and amounts of platfish prey. This trophic application of immunological methods has great promise for measuring loss of potential recruits to predation. All immunoassays are limited by the quality of antisera used and the researcher's ability to interpret quantitative data in an ecologically meaningful way. Key references for applications of immunoassays in fish-related questions are provided with recommendations for their utilization.

Negative interference by rheumatoid factor in alpha-fetoprotein chemiluminescent microparticle immunoassay.

Science.gov (United States)

Wang, Hui; Bi, Xiaohui; Xu, Lei; Li, Yirong

2017-01-01

Background Rheumatoid factor causes positive interference in multiple immunoassays. Recently, negative interference has also been found in immunoassays in the presence of rheumatoid factor. The chemiluminescent microparticle immunoassay is widely used to determine serum alpha-fetoprotein. However, it is not clear whether the presence of rheumatoid factor in the serum causes interference in the chemiluminescent microparticle immunoassay of alpha-fetoprotein. Methods Serum alpha-fetoprotein was determined using the ARCHITECT alpha-fetoprotein assay. The estimation of alpha-fetoprotein recovery was carried out in samples prepared by diluting high-concentration alpha-fetoprotein serum with rheumatoid factor-positive or rheumatoid factor-negative serum. Paramagnetic microparticles coated with hepatitis B surface antigen-anti-HBs complexes were used to remove rheumatoid factor from the serum. Results The average recovery of alpha-fetoprotein was 88.4% and 93.8% in the rheumatoid factor-positive and rheumatoid factor-negative serum samples, respectively. The recovery of alpha-fetoprotein was significantly lower in the rheumatoid factor-positive serum samples than in the rheumatoid factor-negative serum samples. In two of five rheumatoid factor-positive samples, a large difference was found (9.8%) between the average alpha-fetoprotein recoveries in the serially diluted and initial recoveries. Fourteen rheumatoid factor-positive serum samples were pretreated with hepatitis B surface antigen-anti-HBs complex-coated paramagnetic microparticles. The alpha-fetoprotein concentrations measured in the pretreated samples increased significantly. Conclusions It was concluded that the alpha-fetoprotein chemiluminescent microparticle immunoassay is susceptible to interference by rheumatoid factor, leading to significantly lower results. Eliminating the incidence of negative interference from rheumatoid factor should be an important goal for immunoassay providers. In the meantime

Development of a novel ultrasensitive enzyme immunoassay for human glutamic acid decarboxylase 65 antibody.

Science.gov (United States)

Numata, Satoshi; Katakami, Hideki; Inoue, Shinobu; Sawada, Hirotake; Hashida, Seiichi

2016-07-01

We developed a novel, ultrasensitive enzyme immunoassay (immune complex transfer enzyme immunoassay) for determination of glutamic acid decarboxylase autoantibody concentrations in serum samples from patients with type 2 diabetes. We developed an immune complex transfer enzyme immunoassay for glutamic acid decarboxylase autoantibody and measured glutamic acid decarboxylase autoantibody from 22 patients with type 1 diabetes, 29 patients with type 2 diabetes, and 32 healthy controls. A conventional ELISA kit identified 10 patients with type 1 diabetes and one patient with type 2 diabetes as glutamic acid decarboxylase autoantibody positive, whereas 15 patients with type 1 diabetes and six patients with type 2 diabetes were identified as glutamic acid decarboxylase autoantibody positive using immune complex transfer enzyme immunoassay. Immune complex transfer enzyme immunoassay is a highly sensitive and specific assay for glutamic acid decarboxylase autoantibody and might be clinically useful for diabetic onset prediction and early diagnosis. © The Author(s) 2016.

Molecularly Imprinted Polymer as an Antibody Substitution in Pseudo-immunoassays for Chemical Contaminants in Food and Environmental Samples.

Science.gov (United States)

Chen, Chaochao; Luo, Jiaxun; Li, Chenglong; Ma, Mingfang; Yu, Wenbo; Shen, Jianzhong; Wang, Zhanhui

2018-03-21

The chemical contaminants in food and the environment are quite harmful to food safety and human health. Rapid, accurate, and cheap detection can effectively control the potential risks derived from these chemical contaminants. Among all detection methods, the immunoassay based on the specific interaction of antibody-analyte is one of the most widely used techniques in the field. However, biological antibodies employed in the immunoassay usually cannot tolerate extreme conditions, resulting in an unstable state in both physical and chemical profiles. Molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) are a class of polymers with specific molecular recognition abilities, which are highly robust, showing excellent operational stability under a wide variety of conditions. Recently, MIPs have been used in biomimetic immunoassays for chemical contaminants as an antibody substitute in food and the environment. Here, we reviewed these applications of MIPs incorporated in different analytical platforms, such as enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, fluorescent immunoassay, chemiluminescent immunoassay, electrochemical immunoassay, microfluidic paper-based immunoassay, and homogeneous immunoassay, and discussed current challenges and future trends in the use of MIPs in biomimetic immunoassays.

Heparin interferes with the radioenzymatic and homogeneous enzyme immunoassays for aminoglycosides

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Krogstad, D.J.; Granich, G.G.; Murray, P.R.; Pfaller, M.A.; Valdes, R.

1981-01-01

Heparin interferes with measurement of aminoglycosides in serum by biological, radioenzymatic, and homogeneous enzyme immunoassay techniques, but not with radioimmunoassay. At concentrations greater than or equal to 10 5 and greater than or equal to 3 X 10 6 USP units/L, respectively, it interferes with the radioenzymatic assay by inhibiting the gentamicin 3-acetyltransferase and kanamycin 6'-acetyltransferase enzymes used in the assay. It interferes with the homogeneous enzyme immunoassays for gentamicin and tobramycin (at concentrations greater than or equal to 10 5 and greater than or equal to10 4 USP units/L, respectively), but not with the commercially available homogeneous enzyme immunoassays for other drugs. Heparin interference with the homogeneous enzyme immunoassay for aminoglycosides requires both the heparin polyanion and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase bound to a cationic aminoglycoside. This interference can be reproduced with dextran sulfate (but not dextran), and does not occur with free enzyme (glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase) alone. Heparin interference with these two assays and at concentrations that may be present in intravenous infusions or in seriously underfilled blood-collection tubes is described

A perspectiva sistêmica para a Clínica da Família

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Liana Fortunato Costa

Full Text Available O presente texto tem por objetivo traçar uma breve trajetória teórica, conceitual, empírica e tecnológica do estudo da família na perspectiva sistêmica e apontar a consequente proposta de intervenções para a clínica da família. Apresentamos as diferentes Escolas de Terapia Familiar, desde aquelas fortemente influenciadas pela Cibernética até aquelas que assimilaram as contribuições do Construtivismo e do Construcionismo Social. A seguir, tecemos comentários sobre a pesquisa com família e os interesses dos pesquisadores da área em nosso país. Finalmente, apontamos nossa opinião sobre o direcionamento futuro da Terapia Familiar no Brasil.

Sensitivity-Enhancement of FRET Immunoassays by Multiple-Antibody Conjugation on Quantum Dots.

Science.gov (United States)

Annio, Giacomo; Jennings, Travis; Tagit, Oya; Hildebrandt, Niko

2018-05-23

Quantum dots (QDs) are not only advantageous for color-tuning, improved brightness, and high stability, but their nanoparticle surfaces also allow for the attachment of many biomolecules. Because IgG antibodies (ABs) are in the same size range of biocompatible QDs and the AB orientation after conjugation to the QD is often random, it is difficult to predict if few or many ABs per QD will lead to an efficient AB-QD conjugate. This is particularly true for homogeneous Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET) sandwich immunoassays, for which the ABs on the QD must bind a biomarker that needs to bind a second AB-FRET-conjugate. Here, we investigate the performance of Tb-to-QD FRET immunoassays against total prostate specific antigen (TPSA) by changing the number of ABs per QD while leaving all the other assay components unchanged. We first characterize the AB-QD conjugation by various spectroscopic, microscopic, and chromatographic techniques and then quantify the TPSA immunoassay performance regarding sensitivity, limit of detection, and dynamic range. Our results show that an increasing conjugation ratio leads to significantly enhanced FRET immunoassays. These findings will be highly important for developing QD-based immunoassays in which the concentrations of both ABs and QDs can significantly influence the assay performance.

CONJUGALIDADE E PARENTALIDADE NA PERSPECTIVA DE MULHERES CHEFES DE FAMÍLIA

OpenAIRE

Cunico, Sabrina Daiana; Arpini, Dorian Mônica

2014-01-01

O presente estudo é de caráter qualitativo e teve como objetivo compreender as questões que perpassam o fim do relacionamento conjugal, a parentalidade desempenhada após a dissolução bem como as diferenças atribuídas ao desempenho dos papéis parentais sob o olhar de mulheres chefes de família. Participaram do estudo dez mulheres mães que eram provenientes de grupos populares e compunham uma família monoparental. Destas, sete eram solteiras, uma era separada e duas divorciadas. Os dados foram ...

Família composta Poisson-Truncada: propriedades e aplicações

OpenAIRE

ARAÚJO, Raphaela Lima Belchior de

2015-01-01

Este trabalho analisa propriedades da família de distribuições de probabilidade Composta N e propõe a sub-família Composta Poisson-Truncada como um meio de compor distribuições de probabilidade. Suas propriedades foram estudadas e uma nova distribuição foi investigada: a distribuição Composta Poisson-Truncada Normal. Esta distribuição possui três parâmetros e tem uma flexibilidade para modelar dados multimodais. Demonstramos que sua densidade é dada por uma mistura infinita de densidades norm...

A TROPICÁLIA: CULTURA E POLÍTICA NOS ANOS 60

OpenAIRE

Cláudio N.P. Coelho

1989-01-01

A Tropicália foi um dos movimentos artílsticos mais importantes dos anos 60, tendo sido interpretada como uma contestação radical às posições da esquerda, que neste período exercia forte influência sobre a produção cultural. A tese defendida por este artigo é a de que a Tropicália compartilhava a posição defendida pela esquerda de que a obra de arte deve ter por objeto a realidade brasileira e estar associada às lutas por mudanças revolucionárias, tendo construído, no entanto, uma versão próp...

Interference in immunoassay

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Chapman, R.S.

1998-01-01

Interfering factors are evident in both limited reagent (radioimmunoassay) and excess reagent (immunometric assay) technologies and should be suspected whenever there is a discrepancy between analytical results and clinical findings in the investigation of particular diseases. The overall effect of interference in immunoassay is analytical bias in result, either positive or negative of variable magnitude. The interference maybe caused by a wide spectrum of factors from poor sample collection and handling to physiological factors e.g. lipaemia, heparin treatment, binding protein abnormalities, autoimmunity and drug treatments. The range of interfering factors is extensive and difficult to discuss effectively in a short review

Provision of Oral Health Care to Children under Seven Covered by Bolsa Família Program. Is This a Reality?

Science.gov (United States)

Petrola, Krishna Andréia Feitosa; Bezerra, Ítalo Barroso; de Menezes, Érico Alexandro Vasconcelos; Calvasina, Paola; Saintrain, Maria Vieira de Lima; Pimentel G F Vieira-Meyer, Anya

2016-01-01

Over the last decade, there has been a great improvement in the oral health of Brazilians. However, such a trend was not observed among five-year-old children. Dental caries are determined by the interplay between biological and behavioral factors that are shaped by broader socioeconomic determinants. It is well established that dental disease is concentrated in socially disadvantaged populations. To reduce social and health inequalities, the Brazilian government created Family Health Program (ESF), and the Bolsa Família Program, the Brazilian conditional cash transfer program (Bolsa Família Program). The aim of this study was to examine the oral health care and promotion provided by the Family Health Teams to children and caregivers covered by the Bolsa Família Program. Data was collected through interviews with three groups of participants: 1) dentists working for the Family Health Program; 2) Family Health Program professionals supervising the Bolsa Família Program health conditionalities (Bolsa Família Program supervisors); and 3) parents/caregivers of children covered by the Bolsa Família Program. A pretested questionnaire included sociodemographic, Bolsa Família Program, oral health promotion, dental prevention and dental treatment questions. The results showed that most dentists performed no systematic efforts to promote oral health care to children covered by the Bolsa Família Program (93.3%; n = 69) or to their parents/caregivers (74.3%; n = 55). Many dentists (33.8%) did not provide oral health care to children covered by the Bolsa Família Program because they felt it was beyond their responsibilities. Nearly all Bolsa Família Program supervisors (97.3%; n = 72) supported the inclusion of oral health care in the health conditionality of the Bolsa Família Program, but 82.4% (n = 61) stated they did not promote oral health activities to children covered by the Bolsa Família Program. Children in the routine care setting were more often referred

A instituição família e sua relação com a deficiência

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Mina Regen

2011-11-01

Full Text Available Após tecer considerações sobre a evolução da família no mundo e no Brasil através do tempo, são apresentados alguns conceitos de família, suas funções básicas e sua importância na formação de nossa personalidade, como primeira célula social a que pertencemos. Trata, ainda, do impacto que a família sofre com o nascimento de uma criança com deficiência, as reações mais freqüentes e as fases pelas quais os pais passam em seu processo de compreensão, adaptação e aceitação desse filho diferente. Aborda, ainda, as dificuldades que os pais enfrentam para educar esses filhos diferentes e a responsabilidade dos profissionais no sentido de se prepararem adequadamente para lidar com essas famílias, oferecendo-lhes o apoio de que necessitam para melhor exercer o seu papel e a importância de um trabalho com grupos de famílias.Palavras-chave: Instituição. Família. Deficiência.

Procedures for Sensitive Immunoassay

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Givol, D. [Department of Chemical Immunology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot (Israel)

1970-02-15

Sensitive immunoassay methods should be applied to small molecules of biological importance, which are non-immunogenic by themselves, such as small peptide hormones (e.g. bradykinin), plant hormones (e.g. indoleacetic acid), nucleotides and other small molecules. Methods of binding these small molecules, as haptens, to immunogenic carriers by various cross-linking agents are described (dicyclohexylcarbodiimide, tolylene-diisocyanate and glutaraldehyde), and the considerations involved in relation to the methods of binding and the specificity of the antibodies formed are discussed. Some uses of antibody bound to bromoacetyl cellulose as an immuno adsorbent convenient for assay of immunoglobulins are described. Finally, the sensitive immunoassay method of chemically modified phage is described. This includes methods of binding small molecules (such as the dinitrophenyl group, penicillin, indoleacetic acid) or proteins (such as insulin, immunoglobulins) to phages. Methods of direct chemical conjugation, or an indirect binding via anti-phage Fab, are described. The phage inactivation method by direct plating and its modifications (such as decision technique and complex inactivation) are compared with the more simple end-point titration method. The inhibition of phage inactivation has some advantages as it does not require radioactive material, or expensive radioactive counters, and avoids the need for separation between bound and unbound antigen. Hence, if developed, it could be used as an alternative to radioimmunoassay. (author)

A família e a escola como contextos de desenvolvimento humano

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Maria Auxiliadora Dessen

2007-04-01

Full Text Available Escola e família constituem dois contextos de desenvolvimento fundamentais para a trajetória de vida das pessoas. Neste artigo, são destacadas as contribuições destes contextos para a promoção do desenvolvimento humano, enfatizando suas implicações nos processos evolutivos. Questões sobre configurações, vínculos familiares e a importância da rede social de apoio para o desenvolvimento da família são discutidas. Focalizam-se as funções da escola, considerando sua influência nas pessoas em desenvolvimento. Apontam-se algumas considerações sobre a necessidade de compreender as inter-relações entre escola e família, visando facilitar a aprendizagem e desenvolvimento humano. A integração entre esses dois contextos é destacada como desafio para a prática profissional e pesquisa empírica.

Bolsa Família e desigualdade da renda domiciliar entre 2006 e 2011 = Bolsa Família and inequality of household income between 2006 and 2011

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Carvalho, Cleusení Hermelina de

2014-01-01

Full Text Available Os programas de transferência condicionada de renda têm crescentemente desempenhado um papel importante no combate à pobreza em vários países da América Latina, principalmente no Brasil. O objetivo deste artigo é analisar a contribuição do programa Bolsa Família na diminuição da desigualdade da renda domiciliar per capita no Brasil, entre 2006 e 2011. Para isso, analisa-se a participação relativa de oito fontes de renda – trabalho, aposentadorias, programa Bolsa Família (variável proxy, pensões, abonos, doações, aluguéis e juros – no Brasil e nas suas cinco macrorregiões. Assim, além do artigo detalhar a técnica matemática utilizada para decompor o Índice de Gini, apresenta e discute os resultados empíricos encontrados para o Brasil e suas macrorregiões. Dentre os resultados, destaca-se a capacidade do programa Bolsa Família em contribuir para a queda da desigualdade da renda domiciliar nacional, o que se explica por sua acentuada focalização

Abbott prism: a multichannel heterogeneous chemiluminescence immunoassay analyzer.

Science.gov (United States)

Khalil, O S; Zurek, T F; Tryba, J; Hanna, C F; Hollar, R; Pepe, C; Genger, K; Brentz, C; Murphy, B; Abunimeh, N

1991-09-01

We describe a multichannel heterogeneous immunoassay analyzer in which a sample is split between disposable reaction trays in a group of linear tracks. The system's pipettor uses noninvasive sensing of the sample volume and disposable pipet tips. Each assay track has (a) a conveyor belt for moving reaction trays to predetermined functional stations, (b) temperature-controlled tunnels, (c) noncontact transfer of the reaction mixture between incubation and detection wells, and (d) single-photon counting to detect a chemiluminescence (CL) signal from the captured immunochemical product. A novel disposable reaction tray, with separate reaction and detection wells and self-contained fluid removal, is used in conjunction with the transfer device on the track to produce a carryover-free system. The linear immunoassay track has nine predetermined positions for performing individual assay steps. Assay step sequence and timing is selected by changing the location of the assay modules between these predetermined positions. The assay methodology, a combination of microparticle capture and direct detection of a CL signal on a porous matrix, offers excellent sensitivity, specificity, and ease of automation. Immunoassay configurations have been tested for hepatitis B surface antigen and for antibodies to hepatitis B core antigen, hepatitis C virus, human immunodeficiency virus I and II, and human T-cell leukemia virus I and II.

Crianças pré-escolares e suas concepções de família

OpenAIRE

Dessen, Maria Auxiliadora; Ramos, Patrícia Cristina Campos

2010-01-01

Para compreender o desenvolvimento e a diversidade da família contemporânea, faz-se necessário conhecer as concepções de família na perspectiva de crianças pré-escolares. Participaram deste estudo 33 crianças com idades de três, quatro e cinco anos: 15 do Grupo A (ambos os genitores com ocupação remunerada) e 18 do Grupo B (apenas o pai com ocupação remunerada). Os participantes foram entrevistados sobre suas concepções de família e referiram-se à composição familiar, à coabitação e ao cumpri...

ESTRUTURA E VÍNCULOS DE UMA FAMÍLIA APÓS INFARTO AGUDO DO MIOCÁRDIO

OpenAIRE

Garcia, Raquel Pötter; Budó, Maria de Lourdes Denardin; Viegas, Aline da Costa; Cardoso, Daniela Habekost; Schwartz, Eda; Muniz, Rosani Manfrin

2015-01-01

Introdução: Conhecer os vínculos e a estrutura de uma família após episódio de Infarto Agudo do Miocárdio. Materiais e Métodos: Pesquisa qualitativa e exploratória que representa um estudo de caso desenvolvido com uma das famílias participantes. A coleta de dados ocorreu no período de fevereiro a maio de 2012, por meio de observação no domicílio e entrevista com construção do genograma e ecomapa. A intensidade dos vínculos foi definida pela família conforme legenda do ecomapa. Resultados e Di...

Immunoassay for determination of trilobolide

Czech Academy of Sciences Publication Activity Database

Huml, L.; Jurášek, M.; Mikšátková, P.; Zimmermann, T.; Tomanová, P.; Buděšínský, Miloš; Rottnerová, Z.; Šimková, M.; Harmatha, Juraj; Kmoníčková, Eva; Lapčík, O.; Drašar, P. B.

2017-01-01

Roč. 117, Jan (2017), s. 105-111 ISSN 0039-128X. [Conference on Isoprenoids /23./. Minsk, 04.09.2016-07.09.2016] Institutional support: RVO:61388963 ; RVO:68378041 Keywords : trilobolide * avidin-biotin * ELISA * Laser trilobum * synthesis * immunoassay Subject RIV: CE - Biochemistry; FR - Pharmacology ; Medidal Chemistry (UEM-P) OBOR OECD: Biochemical research methods; Pharmacology and pharmacy (UEM-P) Impact factor: 2.282, year: 2016

Development of immunoassays for detecting clothianidin residue in agricultural products.

Science.gov (United States)

Li, Ming; Sheng, Enze; Cong, Lujing; Wang, Minghua

2013-04-17

Two enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs) based on polyclonal antibodies (PcAbs) for clothianidin are described: colorimetric detection format (ELISA) and pattern of chemiluminescent assay (CLEIA). Clothianidin hapten was synthesized and conjugated to bovine serum albumin (BSA) and ovalbumin (OVA) to produce immunogen and coating antigen. Anticlothianidin PcAbs were obtained from immunized New Zealand white rabbits. Under optimal conditions, the half-maximal inhibition concentration (IC₅₀) and the limit of detection (LOD, IC₂₀) of clothianidin were 0.046 and 0.0028 mg/L for the ELISA and 0.015 and 0.0014 mg/L for the CLEIA, respectively. There were no obvious cross-reactivities of the antibodies with its analogues except for dinotefuran. Recoveries of 76.4-116.4% for the immunoassays were achieved from spiked samples. The results of immunoassays for the spiked and authentic samples were largely consistent with gas chromatography. Therefore, the proposed immunoassays would be convenient and satisfactory analytical methods for the monitoring of clothianidin in agricultural products.

Clinical evaluation of the Byk LIA-mat CA125 II assay: discussion of a reference value.

Science.gov (United States)

Bonfrer, J M; Korse, C M; Verstraeten, R A; van Kamp, G J; Hart, G A; Kenemans, P

1997-03-01

The Byk LIA-mat CA125 II assay was compared with the Centocor IRMA CA125 II. Serum samples studied (n = 1012) were obtained from 652 apparently healthy females, 61 pregnant women, and 299 patients with benign and malignant gynecological tumors. The CA125 II assay value at the 95th percentile of the total healthy group was 29 kU/L for the LIA-mat and 32 kU/L for the Centocor assay. For the LIA-mat assay the 95th percentile was 31 kU/L (Centocor 36 kU/L) for the group 55 years of age. By using ROC curves we found the optimal pretreatment Byk LIA-mat CA125 II value differentiating between benign and malignant ovarian tumors to be 95 kU/L. Pretreatment CA125 values > 1000 kU/L were detected in serum samples of patients with advanced epithelial ovarian cancer.

AN ENVIRONMENTAL TECHNOLOGY VERIFICATION (ETV) TESTING OF THREE IMMUNOASSAY TEST KITS FOR ANTHRAX, BOTULINUM TOXIN AND RICIN

Science.gov (United States)

Immunoassay test kits are based on immunoassay methods, where specific antibodies are used to detect and measure the contaminants of interest. Immunoassay test kits rely on the reaction of a contaminant or antigen with a selective antibody to give a product that can be measures....

Mecanismos do ciclo sono-vigília Sleep-wake cycle mechanisms

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Flávio Alóe

2005-05-01

Full Text Available Três sub-divisões hipotalâmicas são importantes no ciclo sono-vigília: o hipotálamo anterior (núcleos gabaérgicos e núcleos supraquiasmáticos, o hipotálamo posterior (núcleo túbero-mamilar histaminérgico e o hipotálamo lateral (sistema hipocretinas. O sistema gabaérgico inibitório do núcleo pré-óptico ventro-lateral (VLPO do hipotálamo anterior é responsável pelo início e manutenção do sono NREM. Os neurônios supraquiasmáticos (NSQs do hipotálamo anterior são responsáveis pelo ritmo circadiano do ciclo sono-vigília. Os núcleos aminérgicos, histaminérgicos, as hipocretinas e núcleos colinérgicos do prosencéfalo basal apresentam-se ativos durante a vigília, inibindo o núcleo pré-óptico ventro-lateral, promovendo a vigília. O processo de inibição-estimulação é a base do modelo da interação recíproca entre os grupos de células wake-off-sleep-on e células wake-off-sleep-on reguladores do ciclo sono-vigília. O modelo da interação recíproca também se aplica aos núcleos colinérgicos (células REM-on e aminérgicos (células REM-off do tronco cerebral no controle temporal do sono REM-NREM.Neurochemically distinct systems interact regulating sleep and wakefulness. Wakefulness is promoted by aminergic, acetylcholinergic brainstem and hypothalamic systems. Each of these arousal systems supports wakefulness and coordinated activity is required for alertness and EEG activation. Neurons in the pons and preoptic area control rapid eye movement and non-rapid eye movement sleep. Mutual inhibition between these wake- and sleep-regulating systems generate behavioral states. An up-to-date understanding of these systems should allow clinicians and researchers to better understand the effects of drugs, lesions, and neurologic disease on sleep and wakefulness.

Consumo alimentar de beneficiários do programa Bolsa Família

OpenAIRE

Alan Giovanini de Oliveira Sartori

2014-01-01

A expansão do consumo de alimentos submetidos a elevado grau de processamento em países em desenvolvimento é notória. Em paralelo, observa-se o aumento na prevalência de excesso de peso e de comorbidades associadas. O fenômeno também tem sido observado em famílias consideradas pobres que recebem benefício financeiro de programa federal de transferência condicionada de renda. O objetivo geral foi analisar o consumo alimentar de beneficiários do Programa Bolsa Família (PBF). Foi elaborado um si...

Família e o processo de diferenciação na perspectiva de Murray Bowen: um estudo de caso

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Elizabeth Medeiros de Almeida Martins

2008-06-01

Full Text Available Este estudo teve como objetivo investigar a aplicabilidade do conceito de diferenciação do self elaborado por Murray Bowen na terapia da família. Focalizou a história de uma família mostrando como as histórias de vida do casal, a partir das primeiras triangulações, tanto na família nuclear quanto na extensa, foram transmitidas entre gerações até gerar uma história renovada do casal e de sua própria família.

History of inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry-based immunoassays

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Giesen, Charlotte; Waentig, Larissa; Panne, Ulrich; Jakubowski, Norbert

2012-01-01

The analysis of biomolecules requires highly sensitive and selective detection methods capable of tolerating a complex, biological matrix. First applications of biomolecule detection by ICP-MS relied on the use of heteroelements as a label for quantification. However, the combination of immunoassays and ICP-MS facilitates multiparametric analyses through elemental tagging, and provides a powerful alternative to common bioanalytical methods. This approach extends the detection of biomarkers in clinical diagnosis, and has the potential to provide a deeper understanding of the investigated biological system. The results might lead to the detection of diseases at an early stage, or guide treatment plans. Immunoassays are well accepted and established for diagnostic purposes, albeit ICP-MS is scarcely applied for the detection of immune-based assays. However, the screening of biomarkers demands high throughput and multiplex/multiparametric techniques, considering the variety of analytes to be queried. Finally, quantitative information on the expression level of biomarkers is highly desirable to identify abnormalities in a given organism. Thus, it is the aim of this review to introduce the fundamentals, and to discuss the enormous strength of ICP-MS for the detection of different immunoassays on the basis of selected applications, with a special focus on LA‐ICP‐MS. - Highlights: ► We discuss the fundamentals of elemental tagging for ICP‐MS applications. ► We propose a definition for the expressions “label” and “tag”. ► We highlight LA‐ICP‐MS‐based heteroelement detection. ► We give an historic overview on ICP-MS and LA‐ICP‐MS-based immunoassays. ► In a personal outlook, we discuss future improvements realistically attainable.

BIOTIN INTERFERENCE WITH ROUTINE CLINICAL IMMUNOASSAYS: UNDERSTAND THE CAUSES AND MITIGATE THE RISKS.

Science.gov (United States)

Samarasinghe, Shanika; Meah, Farah; Singh, Vinita; Basit, Arshi; Emanuele, Nicholas; Emanuele, Mary Ann; Mazhari, Alaleh; Holmes, Earle W

2017-08-01

The objectives of this report are to review the mechanisms of biotin interference with streptavidin/biotin-based immunoassays, identify automated immunoassay systems vulnerable to biotin interference, describe how to estimate and minimize the risk of biotin interference in vulnerable assays, and review the literature pertaining to biotin interference in endocrine function tests. The data in the manufacturer's "Instructions for Use" for each of the methods utilized by seven immunoassay system were evaluated. We also conducted a systematic search of PubMed/MEDLINE for articles containing terms associated with biotin interference. Available original reports and case series were reviewed. Abstracts from recent scientific meetings were also identified and reviewed. The recent, marked, increase in the use of over-the-counter, high-dose biotin supplements has been accompanied by a steady increase in the number of reports of analytical interference by exogenous biotin in the immunoassays used to evaluate endocrine function. Since immunoassay methods of similar design are also used for the diagnosis and management of anemia, malignancies, autoimmune and infectious diseases, cardiac damage, etc., biotin-related analytical interference is a problem that touches every area of internal medicine. It is important for healthcare personnel to become more aware of immunoassay methods that are vulnerable to biotin interference and to consider biotin supplements as potential sources of falsely increased or decreased test results, especially in cases where a lab result does not correlate with the clinical scenario. FDA = U.S. Food & Drug Administration FT3 = free tri-iodothyronine FT4 = free thyroxine IFUs = instructions for use LH = luteinizing hormone PTH = parathyroid hormone SA/B = streptavidin/biotin TFT = thyroid function test TSH = thyroid-stimulating hormone.

O IMPACTO DO DISCURSO RELIGIOSO SOBRE A SEXUALIDADE NO DIREITO DE FAMÍLIA

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Matheus Rodrigues dos Santos Silva

2017-01-01

Full Text Available A repressão à sexualidade foi responsável por estabelecer o modelo de família patriarcal e heterossexual. Entretanto, os casais homoafetivos buscam inserir-se no Direito como unidades familiares baseadas no afeto. O objetivo deste trabalho é analisar o conflito de concepções de família em sua positivação legal. Para isso, compara as definições do papel e das funções da família nos projetos de lei apresentados ao Congresso pela Frente Parlamentar Evangélica (FPE que negam a diversidade das experiências sexuais com as decisões do STF e do CNJ favoráveis ao casamento homoafetivo. Busca-se apoio na historiografia para situar na história cultural do país a moral religiosa sobre a família e a sexualidade. Analisa as decisões judiciais à luz da Teoria Tridimensional do Direito, que permite considerar como fato social a unidade familiar formada por pessoas do mesmo sexo. Conclui-se que a FPE busca a retomada do modelo tradicional, utilizando-se de práticas discursivas que remontam às falas dos padres coloniais. Por outro lado, o modelo do afeto surge dos fatos da sociedade e da atuação do Judiciário.

Rede social de apoio ao desenvolvimento infantil segundo a equipe de saúde da família

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Ana Paula Dezoti

2013-09-01

Full Text Available O objetivo deste estudo foi identificar as redes sociais de apoio às famílias para a promoção do desenvolvimento infantil na perspectiva da equipe Estratégia Saúde da Família. MÉTODOS: Pesquisa qualitativa descritiva. Foram sujeitos doze profissionais de saúde, sendo três de cada categoria profissional: enfermeiro, médico, auxiliar de enfermagem e agente comunitário de saúde que atuam nas unidades de saúde do estudo. Os dados foram coletados por meio de entrevista semiestruturada e analisados segundo análise categorial temática. RESULTADOS: Os resultados evidenciaram três categorias empíricas: Elementos da rede social de apoio; Funções de apoio às famílias; Dificuldades e lacunas na rede social de apoio às famílias. CONCLUSÃO: Considera-se que as redes sociais têm importante papel na vinculação das famílias, fortalecendo seu potencial para o desenvolvimento infantil saudável. Recomenda-se que os profissionais de saúde articulem ações que possam influenciar esses elementos de maneira que promovam o desenvolvimento infantil adequado.

A TROPICÁLIA: CULTURA E POLÍTICA NOS ANOS 60

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Cláudio N.P. Coelho

1989-12-01

Full Text Available A Tropicália foi um dos movimentos artílsticos mais importantes dos anos 60, tendo sido interpretada como uma contestação radical às posições da esquerda, que neste período exercia forte influência sobre a produção cultural. A tese defendida por este artigo é a de que a Tropicália compartilhava a posição defendida pela esquerda de que a obra de arte deve ter por objeto a realidade brasileira e estar associada às lutas por mudanças revolucionárias, tendo construído, no entanto, uma versão própria desta posição. A Tropicália apresentava uma visão mais complexa da realidade brasileira do que a da esquerda, indicando a presença de uma combinação entre o arcaico e o moderno, enquanto a esquerda só enxergava o arcaico. A noção de Revolução defendida pela esquerda foi ampliada, com a incorporação da revolução nos comportamentos individuais às mudanças sociais. Do enraizamento na realidade que marcou o tropicalismo resultaram obras ainda hoje atuais como “Geléia Geral” de Gilberto Gil e “Tropicália” de Caetano Veloso.

First application of a microsphere-based immunoassay to the detection of genetically modified organisms (GMOs): quantification of Cry1Ab protein in genetically modified maize.

Science.gov (United States)

Fantozzi, Anna; Ermolli, Monica; Marini, Massimiliano; Scotti, Domenico; Balla, Branko; Querci, Maddalena; Langrell, Stephen R H; Van den Eede, Guy

2007-02-21

An innovative covalent microsphere immunoassay, based on the usage of fluorescent beads coupled to a specific antibody, was developed for the quantification of the endotoxin Cry1Ab present in MON810 and Bt11 genetically modified (GM) maize lines. In particular, a specific protocol was developed to assess the presence of Cry1Ab in a very broad range of GM maize concentrations, from 0.1 to 100% [weight of genetically modified organism (GMO)/weight]. Test linearity was achieved in the range of values from 0.1 to 3%, whereas fluorescence signal increased following a nonlinear model, reaching a plateau at 25%. The limits of detection and quantification were equal to 0.018 and 0.054%, respectively. The present study describes the first application of quantitative high-throughput immunoassays in GMO analysis.

Automation on an Open-Access Platform of Alzheimer's Disease Biomarker Immunoassays.

Science.gov (United States)

Gille, Benjamin; Dedeene, Lieselot; Stoops, Erik; Demeyer, Leentje; Francois, Cindy; Lefever, Stefanie; De Schaepdryver, Maxim; Brix, Britta; Vandenberghe, Rik; Tournoy, Jos; Vanderstichele, Hugo; Poesen, Koen

2018-04-01

The lack of (inter-)laboratory standardization has hampered the application of universal cutoff values for Alzheimer's disease (AD) cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) biomarkers and their transfer to general clinical practice. The automation of the AD biomarker immunoassays is suggested to generate more robust results than using manual testing. Open-access platforms will facilitate the integration of automation for novel biomarkers, allowing the introduction of the protein profiling concept. A feasibility study was performed on an automated open-access platform of the commercial immunoassays for the 42-amino-acid isoform of amyloid-β (Aβ 1-42 ), Aβ 1-40 , and total tau in CSF. Automated Aβ 1-42 , Aβ 1-40 , and tau immunoassays were performed within predefined acceptance criteria for bias and imprecision. Similar accuracy was obtained for ready-to-use calibrators as for reconstituted lyophilized kit calibrators. When compared with the addition of a standard curve in each test run, the use of a master calibrator curve, determined before and applied to each batch analysis as the standard curve, yielded an acceptable overall bias of -2.6% and -0.9% for Aβ 1-42 and Aβ 1-40 , respectively, with an imprecision profile of 6.2% and 8.4%, respectively. Our findings show that transfer of commercial manual immunoassays to fully automated open-access platforms is feasible, as it performs according to universal acceptance criteria.

A família também adoece!: mudanças secundárias à ocorrência de um acidente vascular encefálico na família

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Eliana Sales Brito

2008-12-01

Full Text Available Este estudo buscou compreender o impacto da doença incapacitante na família de pacientes vítimas de acidente vascular encefálico (AVE, investigando as mudanças de ordem estrutural, social e emocional. Foram analisadas nove famílias de pacientes com primeiro episódio de AVE identificados pelo registro geral de doenças do Hospital São Rafael, Salvador, Bahia. A coleta dos dados foi realizada mediante aplicação de questionário, roteiro de entrevista, escala de avaliação funcional e observações registradas em diário de campo. O método empregado para análise dos dados foi o discurso do sujeito coletivo, produzindo representações sociais e transformando em um só discurso a fala dos sujeitos pesquisados. Constatou-se que a ocorrência de um AVE é uma experiência marcada por bruscas transformações no cotidiano familiar e na vida de cada um de seus membros. Os resultados indicam a necessidade de se habilitar a família para o cuidado ao paciente e para o autocuidado.

Design and Fabrication of a PDMS Microchip Based Immunoassay

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Shao, Guocheng; Wang, Wanjun; Wang, Jun; Lin, Yuehe

2010-07-01

In this paper, we describe the design and fabrication process of a polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) microchip for on-chip multiplex immunoassay application. The microchip consists of a PDMS microfluidic channel layer and a micro pneumatic valve control layer. By selectively pressurizing the pneumatic microvalves, immuno reagents were controlled to flow and react in certain fluidic channel sites. Cross contamination was prevented by tightly closed valves. Our design was proposed to utilize PDMS micro channel surface as the solid phase immunoassay substrate and simultaneously detect four targets antigens on chip. Experiment result shows that 20psi valve pressure is sufficient to tightly close a 200µm wide micro channel with flow rate up to 20µl/min.

Preparation by irradiation of a solid support for enzyme immunoassay

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Kumakura, M.; Kaetsu, I.

1984-01-01

Reagents (immobilized anti-α-fetoprotein discs) having a porous structure were prepared for enzyme immunoassay of α-fetoprotein by radiation polymerization at low temperatures. Discs were attached to sticks for easy handling. The activity (determined by absorbance at 492 nm) of the discs varied with the hydrophilic properties and size of the discs. The discs are sufficiently sensitive and precise for enzyme immunoassay of α-fetoprotein. Anti-AFP dissolved in PBS solution was mixed with a monomer solution of hydroxyethyl methacrylate and hydroxypropyl methacrylate. The mixture was frozen to -78 0 C and gamma irradiated. (Auth.)

Segredos e verdades no processo comunicacional da família com a criança com câncer

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Amanda Aparecida Borges

Full Text Available RESUMO Objetivo: Compreender a experiência da família ao estabelecer a comunicação com a criança em relação ao seu câncer. Métodos: Trata-se de um estudo de abordagem qualitativa, no qual foram entrevistadas famílias de criança com câncer de uma instituição de saúde do interior do estado de Minas Gerais. Optou-se pelo Interacionismo Simbólico como referencial teórico e a Análise de Conteúdo Temática como método. Resultados: A análise dos dados identificou que o estigma do câncer influencia na maneira como a família estabelece a comunicação com a criança. A família faz uma seleção de palavras para buscar sentido à normalidade, afastando da criança informações que trazem ideia do comprometimento do seu futuro e, consequentemente, a morte. Conclusão: O estudo destaca o apoio emocional como fio condutor do processo comunicacional entre família e criança. A família leva à criança mensagens que deixam explícita a esperança de vencer a situação vivenciada. Assim, deve-se pesquisar estratégias usadas pelos profissionais de saúde para auxiliar a família na comunicação sobre a doença da criança.

A família como unidade de serviço para a assistência de enfermagem à saúde

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Maria Angela Alves do Nascimento

1985-12-01

Full Text Available As ações básicas de saúde centradas na família como unidade de serviço em enfermagem constituem uma das estratégias para alcançar a meta de "saúde para todos no ano 2000". O reconhecimento do papel do enfermeiro como agente multiplicador de saúde e elemento intermediário entre o indivíduo, família, unidade sanitária, é o motivo principal da realização desse estudo, que tem como um dos objetivos avaliar a participação de enfermagem na assistência à saúde da família. A amostra consta de setenta e cinco famílias do bairro Novo Horizonte, Feira de Santana-BA e vinte e três elementos da equipe de enfermagem que atuam nesta comunidade. Os resultados obtidos mostram o reconhecimento da família como unidade de serviço em enfermagem, visto que a família é o agente propulsor de sua própria saúde. Entretanto, há uma maior necessidade de reorientação e remotivação nas instituições de saúde, no sentido de que os programas sanitários tenham uma participação direta da Família, junto a especialistas (enfermeiros, médicos e outros, para que, num trabalho conjunto, consigam modificar as condições físicas, sociais e ambientais que influem sobre sua qualidade de vida - SAÚDE.

Famílias Negras, Desigualdades, Saúde e Saneamento Básico no Brasil

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Sônia Beatriz dos SANTOS

2013-09-01

Full Text Available O presente artigo busca discutir a relação entre os efeitos das desigualdades – raciais/étnicas, de gênero e socioeconômicas – sobre as condições de vida e saúde das famílias negras, e, por conseguinte, a relação destas circunstâncias com o acesso ao saneamento básico - considerado um direito sanitário – deste segmento populacional no Brasil. Na primeira parte do artigo, abordamos a questão da desigualdade racial/étnica e sua intersecção com as desigualdades de gênero, e socioeconômicas, como um aspecto limitador do acesso a melhores condições de vida e saúde e aos bens e serviços que garantem estes direitos. E na segunda parte tentamos demonstrar a relação entre o acesso precário à infraestrutura de saneamento básico adequada (ou a inexistência deste provimento e as condições de desigualdades enfrentadas pelas famílias negras, e que trazem como resultados agravos para a saúde das famílias negras pobres, comprometendo sua qualidade de vida. E por fim, concluímos trazendo uma reflexão acerca do SUS – Sistema Único de Saúde frente as questões apresentadas acerca das condições de desigualdades vivenciadas pelas famílias negras pobres no país.

Novel immunoassay formats for integrated microfluidic circuits: diffusion immunoassays (DIA)

Science.gov (United States)

Weigl, Bernhard H.; Hatch, Anson; Kamholz, Andrew E.; Yager, Paul

2000-03-01

Novel designs of integrated fluidic microchips allow separations, chemical reactions, and calibration-free analytical measurements to be performed directly in very small quantities of complex samples such as whole blood and contaminated environmental samples. This technology lends itself to applications such as clinical diagnostics, including tumor marker screening, and environmental sensing in remote locations. Lab-on-a-Chip based systems offer many *advantages over traditional analytical devices: They consume extremely low volumes of both samples and reagents. Each chip is inexpensive and small. The sampling-to-result time is extremely short. They perform all analytical functions, including sampling, sample pretreatment, separation, dilution, and mixing steps, chemical reactions, and detection in an integrated microfluidic circuit. Lab-on-a-Chip systems enable the design of small, portable, rugged, low-cost, easy to use, yet extremely versatile and capable diagnostic instruments. In addition, fluids flowing in microchannels exhibit unique characteristics ('microfluidics'), which allow the design of analytical devices and assay formats that would not function on a macroscale. Existing Lab-on-a-chip technologies work very well for highly predictable and homogeneous samples common in genetic testing and drug discovery processes. One of the biggest challenges for current Labs-on-a-chip, however, is to perform analysis in the presence of the complexity and heterogeneity of actual samples such as whole blood or contaminated environmental samples. Micronics has developed a variety of Lab-on-a-Chip assays that can overcome those shortcomings. We will now present various types of novel Lab- on-a-Chip-based immunoassays, including the so-called Diffusion Immunoassays (DIA) that are based on the competitive laminar diffusion of analyte molecules and tracer molecules into a region of the chip containing antibodies that target the analyte molecules. Advantages of this

A Economia da Família

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Ladislau Dowbor

2015-04-01

Full Text Available A família pode ser vista como unidade de reprodução econômica: pais sustentam filhos e idosos, e serão por sua vez sustentados. Hoje, com a desarticulação da família - nos EUA apenas 26% dos domicílios tem pais e filhos -, a fragilização do Estado e a privatização dos serviços sociais, é o próprio processo de redistribuição do excedente social entre gerações que se vê prejudicado. A dinâmica econômica ajuda a entender os impactos muito mais amplos, como a tensão entre gerações, a redução da sociabilidade e o sentimento crescente de angústia que se generaliza. A fase não produtiva da infância e da juventude, bem como da terceira idade, está se prolongando de maneira muito significativa. Foi-se o tempo em que a criança de 10 anos já ia para a roça ajudar o pai, e em que os pais faleciam quando os filhos chegavam à maturidade. Os desafios são econômicos, mas também sociais e culturais, em particular nas grandes cidades. É a própria base econômica da reprodução da sociedade que está se deslocando.

Nitrocellulose membrane-based enzyme-linked immunoassay for dengue serotype-1 IgM detection

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Leon, S.; Guevara, C.; Chunga, A.

1999-01-01

To evaluate the sensitivity and specifity of a nitrocellulose membrane-based immunoassay for dengue IgM, with respect to capture enzyme immunoassay, for the diagnosis of dengue virus infection. 101 serum samples were processed and divided into 2 groups: 53 from dengue serotype 1 (DEN1) infected patients, and 48 from healthy subjects. Both groups were tested with a nitrocellulose membrane-based IgM capture enzyme immunoassay (NMB-EIA) and also with an ELISA as referential pattern. NMB-EIA testing detected IgM anti-DEN1 in 94,34% of samples from infected patients, and in 14,58% of control samples, whereas ELISA fails to report false positive or false negative results: NMB-EIA appears to be a good alternative for dengue infection diagnosis. (authors)

A influência da família no desenvolvimento da superdotação

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Paulo Vinícius Carvalho Silva

Full Text Available Vários estudos destacam a importância da família para a manifestação, desenvolvimento e reconhecimento da superdotação. O desenvolvimento de comportamentos de superdotação impõe novos desafios e demandas aos próprios indivíduos superdotados e seus familiares, que, em algumas ocasiões, não possuem o esclarecimento necessário para atendê-las. Sendo assim, o objetivo geral deste ensaio é sintetizar e analisar criticamente as investigações realizadas sobre a relação entre a família e o indivíduo superdotado nas áreas esportiva, musical, artística e acadêmica. Estas pesquisas indicam uma grande variedade de práticas parentais e características familiares associadas ao desenvolvimento de comportamentos de superdotação. A análise crítica dos artigos examinados poderá suscitar a realização de outras pesquisas sobre a participação da família no processo de desenvolvimento do talento. Além disso, os esclarecimentos deste ensaio poderão auxiliar a elaboração e implementação de programas de atendimento a indivíduos superdotados e suas respectivas famílias.

Rapid detection of fungal alpha-amylase in the work environment with a lateral flow immunoassay

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Bogdanovic, J.; Koets, M.; Sander, I.; Wouters, I.; Meijster, T.; Heederik, D.J.J.; Amerongen, van A.; Doekes, G.

2006-01-01

Background Occupational allergen exposure assessment usually requires airborne dust sampling at the worksite followed by dust extraction and enzyme immunoassay (EIA) analysis at the laboratory. Use of semiquantitative lateral flow immunoassays (LFIAs) may allow a more rapid detection procedure with

Immunoassay separation technique

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

1977-01-01

A method for effecting the immunoassay of a multiplicity of samples, each possibly containing an antigen or an antibody to be assayed, is discussed. Each sample is incubated with a solution containing a detectable antigen or antibody to form a multiplicity of mixtures, each mixture containing as components antigen-antibody, non-complexed antigen and non-complexed antibody. At least one of the components of the said mixture is separated by adsorption. There after, quantity of detectable antigen or antibody is detected in one of the non-adsorbed portions of the mixture. An improvement, compared to other techniques, is the continuous and sequential separation of at least one component, which is intended to be separated from each said multiplicity of mixtures

Olhares de crianças sobre a família: um enfoque quantitativo

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Ana Maria Almeida Carvalho

Full Text Available Este estudo investigou concepções de crianças sobre a família. Participaram 120 crianças dos dois sexos, entre 5 e 12 anos, do Nordeste e Sudeste do País, em dois contextos urbanos (capital e interior e níveis socioeducacionais médio alto e baixo. Utilizou-se roteiro semi-estruturado de entrevista individual. Os resultados mostraram que as concepções das crianças sobre quem faz parte da família não refletem coabitação, mas, possivelmente, a convivência com outros parentes (avós, tios, primos; geração foi um diferencial mais importante do que gênero na definição dos perfis de pai, mãe, irmãos, avô e avó; família apareceu como necessidade básica, lugar de pertencimento e de identidade, mas as crianças têm dificuldade para definir o conceito. São discutidas questões metodológicas e apontadas direções para pesquisas futuras.

Comparison of pre-processing methods for multiplex bead-based immunoassays.

Science.gov (United States)

Rausch, Tanja K; Schillert, Arne; Ziegler, Andreas; Lüking, Angelika; Zucht, Hans-Dieter; Schulz-Knappe, Peter

2016-08-11

High throughput protein expression studies can be performed using bead-based protein immunoassays, such as the Luminex® xMAP® technology. Technical variability is inherent to these experiments and may lead to systematic bias and reduced power. To reduce technical variability, data pre-processing is performed. However, no recommendations exist for the pre-processing of Luminex® xMAP® data. We compared 37 different data pre-processing combinations of transformation and normalization methods in 42 samples on 384 analytes obtained from a multiplex immunoassay based on the Luminex® xMAP® technology. We evaluated the performance of each pre-processing approach with 6 different performance criteria. Three performance criteria were plots. All plots were evaluated by 15 independent and blinded readers. Four different combinations of transformation and normalization methods performed well as pre-processing procedure for this bead-based protein immunoassay. The following combinations of transformation and normalization were suitable for pre-processing Luminex® xMAP® data in this study: weighted Box-Cox followed by quantile or robust spline normalization (rsn), asinh transformation followed by loess normalization and Box-Cox followed by rsn.

Contribuições do Movimento Construcionista Social para o Trabalho com Famílias na Estratégia Saúde da Família Contributions of the Social Constructionist Movement to the Family Practice in the Family Health Strategy

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Carla Guanaes

2011-12-01

Full Text Available Neste artigo, discutimos o movimento de transformação epistemológica que tem se desenvolvido no campo das práticas familiares sistêmicas, destacando suas implicações para o trabalho com famílias em saúde e, especificamente, no contexto da Estratégia Saúde da Família (ESF. Partindo das contribuições do movimento construcionista social, discutimos a importância de construção de um contexto dialógico na equipe interdisciplinar para a prática de "discussão de famílias", em que os profissionais de saúde possam se reconhecer como participantes ativos no processo de significação sobre as famílias e seus problemas, desenvolvendo uma postura de maior respeito às diferenças e de valorização dos recursos e potencialidades das famílias atendidas, em detrimento do foco em seus déficits e falhas. Concluímos que o trabalho com famílias na ESF envolve muitos desafios, que só podem ser superados se a equipe profissional se articular num trabalho conjunto e corresponsável, revisando suas próprias práticas e narrativas sobre família, problema e mudança.In this article, we discuss the epistemological transformational movement that has been developed in the field of systemic family practices, highlighting implications of this transformation to the work with families in health, especially in the context of the Estratégia Saúde da Família (ESF - Family Health Strategy. Especially based on the contributions of the social constructionist movement, we discuss the importance of the construction of a dialogical context in the interdisciplinary team for the practice of "family discussion", in which health professionals can recognize themselves as active participants in the signification process about the families and their problems, developing an attitude of greater respect for differences and appreciation of the families' resources and strengths, instead of focusing on their deficits and failures. We conclude that the work with

Fault diagnosis and performance evaluation for high current LIA based on radial basis function neural network

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Yang Xinglin; Wang Huacen; Chen Nan; Dai Wenhua; Li Jin

2006-01-01

High current linear induction accelerator (LIA) is a complicated experimental physics device. It is difficult to evaluate and predict its performance. this paper presents a method which combines wavelet packet transform and radial basis function (RBF) neural network to build fault diagnosis and performance evaluation in order to improve reliability of high current LIA. The signal characteristics vectors which are extracted based on energy parameters of wavelet packet transform can well present the temporal and steady features of pulsed power signal, and reduce data dimensions effectively. The fault diagnosis system for accelerating cell and the trend classification system for the beam current based on RBF networks can perform fault diagnosis and evaluation, and provide predictive information for precise maintenance of high current LIA. (authors)

Basic Evaluation of the Newly Developed "Lias Auto P-FDP" Assay and the Influence of Plasmin-α2 Plasmin Inhibitor Complex Values on Discrepancy in the Comparison with "Lias Auto D-Dimer Neo" Assay.

Science.gov (United States)

Kumano, Osamu; Ieko, Masahiro; Komiyama, Yutaka; Naito, Sumiyoshi; Yoshida, Mika; Takahashi, Nobuhiko; Ohmura, Kazumasa; Hayasaki, Junki; Hayakawa, Mineji

2018-04-01

Laboratory determination of fibrin/fibrinogen degradation products (FDP) levels, along with that of the D-dimer, is important for assessing the fibrinolytic situation. Recently, we developed a new FDP reagent "Lias Auto P-FDP", which can detect various FDP fragments. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the basic performance of the newly developed Lias Auto P-FDP and compare it with Lias Auto D-Dimer Neo assay. The within-run precision of Lias Auto P-FDP and Lias Auto D-Dimer was determined 20 times in low and high value controls. The between-day precision was evaluated five times a day for five days. The linearity study was performed by diluting high value samples for 2 - 10-fold and 2 - 8-fold. The comparative study was performed using 172 patient samples with elevated FDP values. For the discrepancy analysis, the samples were divided into three groups by the discrepancy percentage between the FDP and D-dimer values. The groups were defined as follows: lower discrepancy group, less than -20%; no discrepancy group, -20% to 20%; upper discrepancy group, more than 20%. The coefficient of variation % (CV%) in within-run and between-day precision were within 3.8% for both FDP and the D-dimer. The correlation coefficients were more than 0.999 and the linearity was high. In the comparative study, the values of FDP were higher than that of the D-dimer in all samples. The median FDP and D-dimer values of lower discrepancy, no discrepancy, and upper discrepancy groups were 11.8, 20.3, and 51.4, and 8.0, 11.3, and 13.1, respectively. FDP showed an increasing tendency but D-Dimer showed constant values. Thus, the possible cause of discrepancy between FDP and D-dimer values were the elevated FDP values. In addition, the values of plasmin-α2 plasmin inhibitor complex (PIC) in the upper discrepancy group were higher than that of the lower and no discrepancy groups, indicating progression of fibrinolysis. In this study, we evaluated the newly developed Lias Auto P

Feasibility of a simple microsieve-based immunoassay platform

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Zweitzig, D.R.; Tibbe, Arjan G.J.; Nguyen, A.T.; van Rijn, C.J.M.; Kopnitsky, M.J.; Cichonski, K.; Terstappen, Leonardus Wendelinus Mathias Marie

2016-01-01

The intrinsic properties of silicon microsieves, such as an optically flat surface, high overall porosity, and low flow resistance have led to an increasing number of biotechnology applications. In this report, the feasibility of creating a microsieve-based immunoassay platform was explored.

Feasibility of a simple microsieve-based immunoassay platform

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Zweitzig, Daniel R.; Tibbe, Arjan G.; Nguyen, Ai T.; Rijn, van Cees J.M.; Kopnitsky, Mark J.; Cichonski, Kathleen; Terstappen, Leon W.M.M.

2016-01-01

The intrinsic properties of silicon microsieves, such as an optically flat surface, high overall porosity, and low flow resistance have led to an increasing number of biotechnology applications. In this report, the feasibility of creating a microsieve-based immunoassay platform was explored.

Alkaline phosphatase-fused repebody as a new format of immuno-reagent for an immunoassay

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Seo, Hyo-Deok; Lee, Joong-jae [Department of Biological Sciences, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 305-701 (Korea, Republic of); Kim, Yu Jung [Industrial Biotechnology and Bioenergy Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon (Korea, Republic of); Hantschel, Oliver [School of Life Sciences, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne (Switzerland); Lee, Seung-Goo [Industrial Biotechnology and Bioenergy Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon (Korea, Republic of); Kim, Hak-Sung, E-mail: hskim76@kaist.ac.kr [Department of Biological Sciences, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 305-701 (Korea, Republic of)

2017-01-15

Enzyme-linked immunoassays based on an antibody-antigen interaction are widely used in biological and medical sciences. However, the conjugation of an enzyme to antibodies needs an additional chemical process, usually resulting in randomly cross-linked molecules and a loss of the binding affinity and enzyme activity. Herein, we present the development of an alkaline phosphatase-fused repebody as a new format of immuno-reagent for immunoassays. A repebody specifically binding to human TNF-α (hTNF-α) was selected through a phage display, and its binding affinity was increased up to 49 nM using a modular engineering approach. A monomeric alkaline phosphatase (mAP), which was previously isolated from a metagenome library, was genetically fused to the repebody as a signal generator, and the resulting repebody-mAP fusion protein was used for direct and sandwich immunoassays of hTNF-α. We demonstrate the utility and potential of the repebody-mAP fusion protein as an immuno-reagent by showing the sensitivity of 216 pg mL{sup −1} for hTNF-α in a sandwich immunoassay. Furthermore, this repebody-mAP fusion protein enabled the detection of hTNF-α spiked in a serum-supplemented medium with high accuracy and reproducibility. It is thus expected that a mAP-fused repebody can be broadly used as an immuno-reagent in immunoassays. - Highlights: • A human TNF-α (hTNF-α)-specific repebody was selected using a phage display. • A monomeric alkaline phosphatase (mAP) was genetically fused to the repebody. • mAP-fused repebody enabled detection of hTNF-α with high sensitivity and accuracy. • mAP-fused repebody can be widely used as a new immuno-reagent in immunoassays.

Study on the determination of human placental lactogen (HPL) using an enzyme-immunoassay. Comparison with a commercial radio-immunoassay in the course of normal pregnancies

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Schneider, B.

1982-01-01

A novel enzyme-immunoassay (EIA) for determining human placental lactogen (HPL) was studied for its practicability and quality. The precision of the system in series was tested by using a serum taken each in the 19th, 29th and 40th pregnancy week. A normal range graph between the 10th and the 40th pregnancy week (10 sera per pregnancy week) was established from 310 sera of normal-course pregnancies. The graph practically agreed with the known RIA-established graphs. When comparing with a radio-immunoassay for HPL of routine application and known quality criteria, r=0.93 indicated a close correlation of the values found. (orig./MG) [de

Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering (SERS) for Detection in Immunoassays: applications, fundamentals, and optimization

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Jeremy Daniel Driskell

2006-01-01

Immunoassays have been utilized for the detection of biological analytes for several decades. Many formats and detection strategies have been explored, each having unique advantages and disadvantages. More recently, surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) has been introduced as a readout method for immunoassays, and has shown great potential to meet many key analytical figures of merit. This technology is in its infancy and this dissertation explores the diversity of this method as well as the mechanism responsible for surface enhancement. Approaches to reduce assay times are also investigated. Implementing the knowledge gained from these studies will lead to a more sensitive immunoassay requiring less time than its predecessors. This dissertation is organized into six sections. The first section includes a literature review of the previous work that led to this dissertation. A general overview of the different approaches to immunoassays is given, outlining the strengths and weaknesses of each. Included is a detailed review of binding kinetics, which is central for decreasing assay times. Next, the theoretical underpinnings of SERS is reviewed at its current level of understanding. Past work has argued that surface plasmon resonance (SPR) of the enhancing substrate influences the SERS signal; therefore, the SPR of the extrinsic Raman labels (ERLs) utilized in our SERS-based immunoassay is discussed. Four original research chapters follow the Introduction, each presented as separate manuscripts. Chapter 2 modifies a SERS-based immunoassay previously developed in our group, extending it to the low-level detection of viral pathogens and demonstrating its versatility in terms of analyte type, Chapter 3 investigates the influence of ERL size, material composition, and separation distance between the ERLs and capture substrate on the SERS signal. This chapter links SPR with SERS enhancement factors and is consistent with many of the results from theoretical treatments

Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering (SERS) for Detection in Immunoassays. Applications, fundamentals, and optimization

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Driskell, Jeremy Daniel [Iowa State Univ., Ames, IA (United States)

2006-08-09

Immunoassays have been utilized for the detection of biological analytes for several decades. Many formats and detection strategies have been explored, each having unique advantages and disadvantages. More recently, surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) has been introduced as a readout method for immunoassays, and has shown great potential to meet many key analytical figures of merit. This technology is in its infancy and this dissertation explores the diversity of this method as well as the mechanism responsible for surface enhancement. Approaches to reduce assay times are also investigated. Implementing the knowledge gained from these studies will lead to a more sensitive immunoassay requiring less time than its predecessors. This dissertation is organized into six sections. The first section includes a literature review of the previous work that led to this dissertation. A general overview of the different approaches to immunoassays is given, outlining the strengths and weaknesses of each. Included is a detailed review of binding kinetics, which is central for decreasing assay times. Next, the theoretical underpinnings of SERS is reviewed at its current level of understanding. Past work has argued that surface plasmon resonance (SPR) of the enhancing substrate influences the SERS signal; therefore, the SPR of the extrinsic Raman labels (ERLs) utilized in our SERS-based immunoassay is discussed. Four original research chapters follow the Introduction, each presented as separate manuscripts. Chapter 2 modifies a SERS-based immunoassay previously developed in our group, extending it to the low-level detection of viral pathogens and demonstrating its versatility in terms of analyte type, Chapter 3 investigates the influence of ERL size, material composition, and separation distance between the ERLs and capture substrate on the SERS signal. This chapter links SPR with SERS enhancement factors and is consistent with many of the results from theoretical treatments

ORIENTALISMO NA POESIA DE CECÍLIA MEIRELES

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Soraya Borges Costa

2010-06-01

Full Text Available The amplitude of Cecília Meireles’ imaginariness gathers, besides the western culture, also the eastern culture which is noticed by the connection with the Indian philosophy. Her humanist perspective attempts an ethical interweave in her poetry which is inspired by the conceptions of permanentness spread out by both Eastern mainstream Buddhism and Hinduism. Through these bases this study investigates the Eastern substrate in the symbolic constellation of some poems of Metal rosicler.

Trabalho em equipe multiprofissional: a perspectiva dos residentes médicos em saúde da família Working in multiprofessional teams: the perspectives of family health residents

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Ricardo Corrêa Ferreira

2009-10-01

de Medicina de Marília regarding the multiprofessional work developed in the Family Health Program. The method used in this research was the qualitative approach. The collected data had been interpreted through a thematic content analysis, building three empirical categories: Anchors and markers of an interdisciplinary view on team work that permeate the Family Health residency perspective; Conflicts and paradoxes of team work and the maintenance of an assembly line; Dilemmas of the team work facing an hierarchical structure. The data analysis points to an advancement that multiprofessional team work brings to the medical formation, once it allows perspectives that would not be possible without a team.

Current status and future developments in radiolabelled immunoassays

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Edwards, R.

1998-01-01

Radioisotopes are used extensively in medical practice and their use in RIA or IRMA usually represent a small proportion of the total. Radiolabelled immunoassays based on 125 I constitute a simple didactic, cost effective and robust technology which is still regarded as the reference method in many clinical applications. The IAEA has implemented many successful programmes using the ''bulk reagent'' approach, involving 68 countries in all the different regions. The main achievements have been in technology transfer with self sufficiency in production for some countries; training of large numbers of staff; quality control and quality assurance schemes; devolution of screening programmes for neonatal congenital hypothryoidism. Alternatives to the use of radioisotopic tracers are constrained by many factors and are often only available in restricted commercial packages. They are often not suitable for technology transfer programmes and often lack any didactic component in addition to a relative high cost. The production of radiolabels using 125 I is both simple and adaptable. In addition expertise in their preparation and purification is widespread even in developing countries. Together with the ease of producing antibodies, the facts have made 125 I-radiolabelled immunoassays ideal for investigative procedures for many research activities (30,31) particularly in the medical context where radioisotopes are commonly used. In conclusion, even a superficial examination of public health statistics for various countries throughout the continents indicates a need for a simple, inexpensive and robust analytical tool. In this light, there is a predicted continuing role for radiolabelled immunoassays. (author)

Kuidas sünnib pealkiri? / Pärt Lias

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

Lias, Pärt

2003-01-01

Eesti kirjanikud vastavad Pärt Liase küsimusele oma teoste pealkirjade saamisloo kohta: Doris Kareva, Ilona Laaman, Eha Lättemäe, Priidu Beier, Oskar Kruus, Jaan Kruusvall, Paul-Eerik Rummo ja Andres Vanapa (1); Triin Soomets, Priit Aimla, Aarne Puu, Einar Sander, Jüri Tuulik ja Ülo Tuulik (2); Nikolai Baturin, Leo Metsar, Toomas Vint, Leonid Stolovitš ja Pärt Lias (3)

Evaluation of six immunoassays for detection of dengue virus-specific immunoglobulin M and G antibodies

NARCIS (Netherlands)

J. Groen (Jan); P. Koraka (Penelope); J. Velzing (Jans); C. Copra (Cederick); A.D.M.E. Osterhaus (Albert)

2000-01-01

textabstractThe performance of six commercially available immunoassay systems for the detection of dengue virus-specific immunoglobulin M (IgM) and IgG antibodies in serum was evaluated. These included two IgM and IgG enzyme immunoassays (EIA) from MRL Laboratories and PanBio, a rapid

An Inexpensive, Fast and Sensitive Quantitative Lateral Flow Magneto-Immunoassay for Total Prostate Specific Antigen

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Jacqueline M. Barnett

2014-07-01

Full Text Available We describe the detection characteristics of a device the Resonant Coil Magnetometer (RCM to quantify paramagnetic particles (PMPs in immunochromatographic (lateral flow assays. Lateral flow assays were developed using PMPs for the measurement of total prostate specific antigen (PSA in serum samples. A detection limit of 0.8 ng/mL was achieved for total PSA using the RCM and is at clinically significant concentrations. Comparison of data obtained in a pilot study from the analysis of serum samples with commercially available immunoassays shows good agreement. The development of a quantitative magneto-immunoassay in lateral flow format for total PSA suggests the potential of the RCM to operate with many immunoassay formats. The RCM has the potential to be modified to quantify multiple analytes in this format. This research shows promise for the development of an inexpensive device capable of quantifying multiple analytes at the point-of-care using a magneto-immunoassay in lateral flow format.

A fast universal immobilization of immunoglobulin G at 4 °C for the development of array-based immunoassays.

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Shu-Lin Guo

Full Text Available To maintain the antibody activity and enhance performance of array-based immunoassays, protein G was used to allow a shorter duration of immunoglobulin G immobilization at 4 °C, with the antibody placed in the appropriate orientation. The multiplexed detection of six pain-related message molecules (PRMMs was used as examples for the development of array-based immunoassays: substance P, calcitonin gene-related peptide, nerve growth factor, brain-derived neurotrophic factor, tumor necrosis factor-α, and β-endorphin. Protein G- and non-protein G-coated slides were tested. Compared to non-protein G immunoassays, protein G shortened the antibody immobilization time at 4 °C from overnight to 2 hours. Only protein G-facilitated immunoassays succeeded in simultaneously detecting all six PRMMs with high specificity. Dose-response curves showed that the limits of detection of the protein G-multiplexed immunoassays for the PRMMs was approximately 164, 167, 120, 60, 80, and 92 pg/ml, respectively. Thus, protein G effectively shortens the duration of antibody immobilization at 4 °C, allowing the use of sensitive array-based immunoassays for the simultaneous detection of PRMMs.

RELATO EVANGÉLICO E SENTIDO DA FAMÍLIA

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Ignacio Antonio Madera Vargas, SDS

2015-01-01

Full Text Available Alguns dos relatos sobre a relação de Jesus com a sua família nos possibilitam considerar o sentido que podemos encontrar nos mesmos para uma compreensão teológica que aponte para o sentido da experiência das relações no interior da mesma. Tanto o casal como a família constituem uma realidade que, interpretada à luz da experiência de fé que os evangelistas nos oferecem como a Boa Nova do Reino, orientam-se em direção a uma relação a se viver à imagem da comunhão trinitária. A liberdade e a capacidade de crescer em adultícia como sabedoria e graça caracterizam os relatos os quais nos apresentam Jesus e sua família ou familiares. Uma visão de Jesus de Nazaré que o apresenta não afetado pelos traumas e as limitações, que provoca a relação no interior das famílias, em qualquer um de nós, eco da visão que os relatos nos oferecem dEle à luz da ressurreição. Este artigo é resultado das investigações do Projeto Significado da linguagem teológica do Grupo de Investigação Teologia e Mundo Contemporâneo da Faculdade de Teologia da Pontifícia Universidade Javeriana.    ABSTRACT: Some of the tales about the relationship of Jesus to his family allow us enter to consider the sense that we can Knd in them for a theological under standing that in dicate the meaning of the experience of relations to the interior of the family. Both the couple and the family constitute a reality which, interpreted in the light of the experience of faith that the evangelists oVer us as the good news of the Kingdom, directed towards a relationship to living in the image of the Trinitarian communion. Freedom and the ability to grow in adulthood as wisdom and grace characterize the stories in which presents itself to Jesus and his family or relatives. A view of Jesus from Nazareth which presents it not aVected by trauma and limitations that causes the relationship to the interior of the families at any one of us, echo of the vision that the

Adoção Homoparental, um direito omitido, reivindicado por famílias invisíveis

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Adilson Lucio da Silva Filho

2017-06-01

Full Text Available ResumoO presente artigo tem como proposta, contribuir para a compreensão sobre a adoção por famílias homoafetivas através de um levantamento bibliográfico, revisando outras produções científicas e literaturas no campo da psicologia e direito. Propondo uma reflexão sobre as novas maneiras de se pensar em famílias, respeitando suas diversas possibilidades de configurações e suas interações com a sociedade, reconhecendo a importância de se preservar as estruturas e os estilos de vida de cada indivíduo. O estudo trata ainda os principais impactos da omissão legal quanto a existência das famílias homoparentais, principalmente nas garantias de seus direitos, onde nos deparamos com um Estado omisso e uma série de projetos, como o estatuto da família, por exemplo, que além de limitar a entidade familiar ao núcleo formado por um homem, uma mulher e seus filhos, coloca em risco a adoção por casais do mesmo sexo, passando por cima do STF (Supremo Tribunal Federal que já reconhece a união estável homoafetiva, negando o direito da igualdade e dignidade a famílias, além de diminuir as chances de crianças e adolescentes em situação de abrigo, serem adotadas e possuírem uma família.Palavras-chave: famílias, famílias homoparentais, adoção, omissão, igualdade.AbstractThis article aims to contribute to the understanding of adoption by gay families, by reviewing through scientific publications and other literatures of psychology and rights. Proposing a reflection on the new ways of thinking about families, respecting their different possibilities of settings and their interactions with society, recognizing the importance of preserving individuals’ structures and lifestyle. This study also deals with the main impacts of the legal omission regarding the existence of  gay families, especially the guarantees of their rights, in which we stumble upon an omissive State and a number of projects, such as family statute, for

Regras importam: determinantes do controle burocrático no Programa Bolsa Família

OpenAIRE

Coêlho, Denilson Bandeira; Fernandes, Antônio Sérgio Araújo

2017-01-01

Resumo: A literatura concernente ao Programa Bolsa Família tem focado questões como o impacto sobre a pobreza e a desigualdade, os efeitos relacionados com o processo eleitoral e a função das condicionalidades. Entretanto, o Programa Bolsa Família está também associado a um problema de relação principal-agente, pois requer o controle efetivo de um conjunto de regras para seu funcionamento. Na literatura nacional, pouco se tem produzido sobre o efeito de regras formais como instrumentos de mod...

An ultrasensitive chemiluminescence immunoassay of chloramphenicol based on gold nanoparticles and magnetic beads.

Science.gov (United States)

Tao, Xiaoqi; Jiang, Haiyang; Yu, Xuezhi; Zhu, Jinghui; Wang, Xia; Wang, Zhanhui; Niu, Lanlan; Wu, Xiaoping; Shen, Jianzhong

2013-05-01

A competitive, direct, chemiluminescent immunoassay based on a magnetic beads (MBs) separation and gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) labelling technique to detect chloramphenicol (CAP) has been developed. Horseradish peroxidase (HRP)-labelled anti-CAP monoclonal antibody conjugated with AuNPs and antigen-immobilized MBs were prepared. After optimization parameters of immunocomplex MBs, the IC50 values of chemiluminescence magnetic nanoparticles immunoassay (CL-MBs-nano-immunoassay) were 0.017 µg L(-1) for extract method I and 0.17 µg L(-1) for extract method II. The immunoassay with two extract methods was applied to detect CAP in milk. Comparison of these two extract methods showed that extract method I was advantageous in better sensitivity, in which the sensitivity was 10 times compared to that of extract method II, while extract method II was superior in simple operation, suitable for high throughout screen. The recoveries were 86.7-98.0% (extract method I) and 80.0-103.0% (extract method II), and the coefficients of variation (CVs) were all recovery with both extract methods and high correlation with traditional ELISA kit in milk system confirmed that the immunomagnetic assay based on AuNPs exhibited promising potential in rapid field screening for trace CAP analysis. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

Comparative determination of phenytoin by spectrophotometry, gas chromatography, liquid chromatography, enzyme immunoassay, and radioimmunoassay

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Castro, A.; Ibanez, J.; DiCesare, J.L.; Adams, R.F.; Malkus, H.

1978-01-01

Sera from patients being treated with phenytoin were analyzed for the drug by spectrophotometry, gas chromatography, radioimmunoasay, enzyme immunoassay, and liquid chromatography. The assay values obtained were intercompared statistically. Enzyme immunoassay and liquid chromatography appear to be attractive alternatives to the more traditional methods of spectrophotometry and gas chromatography. Our radioimmunoassay data correlated poorly with results by the four other methods

Manifestações dermatológicas desencadeadas por ácaros da família Cheyletidae: relato de caso

OpenAIRE

Ezequiel,Oscarina da Silva; Gazêta,Gilberto Salles; Freire,Nicolau Maués da Serra

2003-01-01

Ácaros da família Cheyletidae são de grande importância na veterinária, por estarem associados com parasitismo em aves e mamíferos. Permanecem, contudo, pouco estudados como fatores etiológicos em dermatites humanas, apesar de serem encontradas referências a esse respeito desde o início do século 20. O objetivo dos autores foi o de analisar, em paciente de seis meses de idade, um caso clínico de dermatite por ácaros da família Cheyletidae. O achado de três espécies dessa família no ecossistem...

Riqueza de Famílias e Hábitos Alimentares em Coleoptera Capturados na Fazenda da EMPARN– Jiqui, Parnamirim / RN

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Rodrigo Lucas de Lima

2010-04-01

Full Text Available Os Coleópteros podem ser encontrados nos mais variados habitats terrestres e até aquáticos, com isso se alimentam de toda a sorte de matéria vegetais e animais encontradas pelo mundo. Com tanta diversidade, para se compreender melhor sua biologia e seus hábitos alimentares eles foram categorizados em cinco grupos tróficos: carnívoros, detritívoros, herbívoros, fungívoros e algívoros. Visando identificar as famílias e os hábitos alimentares em Coleoptera adultos, foram realizadas coletas na fazenda da EMPARN–Jiqui (Empresa de Pesquisa Agropecuária do Rio Grande do Norte, em quatro áreas, sendo um Fragmento de Mata Atlântica e três monoculturas: cajueiro anão precoce, coqueiro anão verde e coqueiro híbrido gigante. O tempo foi de 26 semanas consecutivas de 1º de janeiro a 1º julho de 2005. Foi utilizada para a captura dos Coleoptera em cada área uma armadilha do tipo Malaise, na qual foram colecionados 1544 indivíduos de trinta famílias nas quatro áreas amostradas, assim distribuídos: fragmento de mata com maior número de insetos e famílias respectivamente, 692 indivíduos e 28 famílias, seguida pelo coqueiro híbrido gigante com 533 indivíduos e 20 famílias, cajueiro anão precoce com 184 indivíduos e 15 famílias e por último o coqueiro anão verde com apenas 135 indivíduos e 18 famílias. Enquanto que entre os cinco grupos tróficos, quatro foram encontrados: herbívoros, compreendendo 14 famílias; carnívoros, com 9 famílias; detritívoros, 5 famílias; e fungívoros, com apenas 4 famílias; onde as cinco famílias mais numerosas são herbívoras e juntas representam 64% de todos os coleópteros amostrados, e o remanescente de mata tem o maior numero de famílias herbívoras. Com isso o Fragmento de mata demonstra ter uma grande diversidade de entomofauna, sendo um mantenedor e distribuidor mesmo cercado por monoculturas.Wealth of Families and Alimentary Habits in Beetles Captured in the Farm of EMPARN

Percepção do acidente fatal de trabalho para a família da vítima

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Ana Beatryce Tedesco Moraes

Full Text Available O trabalho humano constitui importante meio de inserção social, implicado na formação de identidade e de reconhecimento social. Em caso de acidente de trabalho fatal, a família sofre os impactos desse fenômeno em sua organização e dinâmica. Esta pesquisa teve por objetivo investigar a percepção do acidente de trabalho fatal para a família de uma vítima no sul do Estado do Espírito Santo, cuja análise se baseou nos seguintes temas: condições de trabalho do acidentado, impactos psicossociais gerados pelo acidente de trabalho e mudanças na dinâmica familiar em função dessa ocorrência. Foram entrevistados três membros da família da vítima e seu empregador. Os dados foram analisados conforme os critérios qualitativos da fenomenologia semiótica. Os resultados apontam um paradoxo na percepção da família da vítima e do empregador sobre o acidente: enquanto sua repercussão para a família se fundamenta na importância social do trabalho, para o empregador, associa-se à defesa da empresa e de sua responsabilidade sobre a morte no trabalho.

Saúde mental e economia solidária: a família na inclusão pelo trabalho

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Carmen Lúcia Alves Filizola

2011-04-01

Full Text Available A Reforma Psiquiátrica traz à tona a inclusão social pelo trabalho na perspectiva da Economia Solidária e envolvimento familiar. Em município do interior paulista foi criado empreendimento solidário de usuários do Centro de Atenção Psicossocial. Esta pesquisa qualitativa teve como objetivos: identificar a composição e relações das famílias de integrantes desse empreendimento; conhecer as percepções dos familiares sobre a inclusão pelo trabalho dos usuários e a possibilidade de protagonismo da família nesse processo. Foram realizadas entrevistas, utilizando o genograma e ecomapa Modelo Calgary de Avaliação da Família e questões abertas sobre as percepções das famílias, pautadas na análise de conteúdo. Os resultados mostram que a maioria das famílias é nuclear, chefiada por mulheres. A maior parte dos usuários não apresenta relação familiar conflituosa e os que relatam apresentar, referem-se aos pais. Reconhecem a importância do trabalho como espaço de criação de sentidos e novas relações e apontam várias formas para o co-envolvimento.

Screening of the two-component-system histidine kinases of Listeria monocytogenes EGD-e. LiaS is needed for growth under heat, acid, alkali, osmotic, ethanol and oxidative stresses.

Science.gov (United States)

Pöntinen, Anna; Lindström, Miia; Skurnik, Mikael; Korkeala, Hannu

2017-08-01

To study the role of each two-component system (TCS) histidine kinase (HK) in stress tolerance of Listeria monocytogenes EGD-e, we monitored the growth of individual HK deletion mutant strains under heat (42.5 °C), acid (pH 5.6), alkali (pH 9.4), osmotic (6% NaCl), ethanol (3.5 vol%), and oxidative (5 mM H 2 O 2 ) stresses. The growth of ΔliaS (Δlmo1021) strain was impaired under each stress, with the most notable decrease under heat and osmotic stresses. The ΔvirS (Δlmo1741) strain showed nearly completely restricted growth at high temperature and impaired growth in ethanol. The growth of ΔagrC (Δlmo0050) strain was impaired under osmotic stress and slightly under oxidative stress. We successfully complemented the HK mutations using a novel allelic exchange based approach. This approach avoided the copy-number problems associated with in trans complementation from a plasmid. The mutant phenotypes were restored to the wild-type level in the complemented strains. This study reveals novel knowledge on the HKs needed for growth of L. monocytogenes EGD-e under abovementioned stress conditions, with LiaS playing multiple roles in stress tolerance of L. monocytogenes EGD-e. Copyright © 2017 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

As mulheres da família: mundos partilhados, mundos em conflito

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Nayara Nascimento Rêgo

2002-01-01

Full Text Available O presente trabalho, de cunho etnográfico, toma como foco de análise o cotidiano de uma família multigeracional, sob a perspectiva de mulheres de três gerações diferentes, que habitam o mesmo teto: avó, mãe e neta. As narrativas sobre eventos cotidianos, principalmente os relacionamentos familiares, colhidas no período de dez anos, revelam aspectos da estrutura complexa da comunicação na família em um mundo partilhado, capaz de produzir sentido, mas também de gerar conflitos. A partir de entrevistas semi - estruturadas com a avó, a mãe e a filha adolescente, foram identificadas condições de risco (violência e abuso de álcool no âmbito das relações interpessoais. Pode-se inferir que os papéis não são claramente delimitados, o que se expressa no ciclo de transferência de responsabilidades e no exercício da autoridade. A atmosfera é tensa, a violência, já incorporada ao cotidiano, apresenta-se como ponto culminante dos conflitos, enraizada nos relacionamentos, distorcendo as percepções e dificultando a comunicação. Observam-se estratégias através das quais as mulheres continuam se afirmando como eixo em torno do qual a família estrutura seu cotidiano e seus projetos de vida.

Rotinas Familiares de Crianças com Necessidades Especiais em Família Adotiva

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Fabíola Helena Oliveira Brandão Silva

Full Text Available RESUMOObjetivou-se descrever as rotinas de três famílias, que adotaram crianças com necessidades especiais ,que tinham conhecimento prévio dessa condição infantil. Utilizou-se o método de Estudo de Casos Múltiplos. Os dados foram obtidos por meio de Entrevista Semiestruturada (ES, do Inventário de Rotina (IR e do Diário de Campo (DC. Quanto às semelhanças entre os grupos familiares, identificou-se que são comuns as atividades de alimentação/higiene, descanso e lazer, envolvendo a participação dos pais, irmãs e babás, geralmente nos ambientes domésticos da família. Observou-se diferenças importantes nos padrões de atividades, companhias e ambientes onde as rotinas ocorriam. Conclui-se que as variações nas rotinas estão relacionadas às particularidades de cada criança, à estrutura e nível socioeconômico de cada família participante.

Nós e linhas: pesquisando a relação família-equipe

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Roberta Carvalho Romagnoli

2012-08-01

Full Text Available Esse texto apresenta os resultados parciais da pesquisa-intervenção financiada pela FAPEMIG, que tem como objetivo problematizar as relações no território equipe-família, evidenciando o que dificulta a participação da família no tratamento das crianças atendidas no Centro Psicopedagógico Renato de Avelar Azeredo - CPP - de Nova Lima, como demanda da equipe de profissionais. Nesse contexto, examina o percurso trilhado com a equipe de profissionais, refletindo acerca de nossas intervenções como um intercessor para a criação de outra relação com esses grupos. Para tal, utiliza um caso clínico analisado em seus movimentos e vetores, perseguindo as linhas ora estratificadas, ora inventivas, que atravessam esse plano de forças. Embora a terapia familiar seja somente uma forma de se trabalhar com famílias, concluímos que o processo promoveu efeitos potencializadores na equipe, gerando outra forma de se conectar com esses grupos.

Studies on direct and indirect electrochemical immunoassays

OpenAIRE

Buckley, Eileen

1989-01-01

Two approaches to electrochemical immunoassay are reported. The first approach was an indirect method, involving an electroactive, enzyme-catalysed, substrate to product reaction. Conditions were optimised for the amperometric detection of para-aminophenol, the electroactive product of the alkaline phosphatase catalysed hydrolysis of a new substrate, p-aminophenylphosphate, after separation by HPLC. The second approach involved the direct electrochemical detection of an immunoglo...

Papéis, comportamentos, atividades e relações entre membros da família baiana

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Elaine Pedreira Rabinovich

2012-04-01

Full Text Available Este estudo objetivou comparar os dados sobre papéis, comportamentos, atividades e relações entre os membros da família obtidos por Georgas, Berry, Vijver, Kagitçibasi e Poortinga (2006, com dados da família baiana. Para tanto, 170 universitários baianos responderam questionário com questões fechadas enfocando papéis, comportamentos, atividades e relações entre os seguintes membros da família: pai, mãe, avô, avó, tio/tia, menino e menina de 10 anos, moça e rapaz de 20 anos. Os dados foram analisados utilizando o programa Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS. Em conformidade com o estudo de referência, a mãe é a figura central nas famílias baianas e o pai compartilha o poder financeiro com ela, porém, as atividades domésticas de limpar, cozinhar e lavar ficam mais a cargo dos membros femininos. As avós sucedem aos pais na importância nos papéis familiares e há mais uma interdependência emocional do que econômica/funcional com relação à criança.

'Haruna': uma nova mutação somática natural da videira 'Itália'

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Adriane Marinho de Assis

2013-03-01

Full Text Available O objetivo deste estudo foi descrever as principais características físico-químicas e produtivas da uva fina de mesa 'Haruna', uma nova mutação natural originada da cv. Itália, em Uraí-PR, Brasil. O formato das bagas, elipsoide alongado bastante expressivo, é uma das características que mais difere essa nova mutação da uva 'Itália'. As bagas apresentam coloração verde-clara, tendendo ao amarelo na maturação plena, com pincel e polpa verde, crocante, firme, textura carnosa e de sabor moscatel, enquanto os cachos apresentam formato cilíndrico-cônico. O ciclo, bem como o desempenho produtivo e a suscetibilidade às doenças fúngicas assemelham- se aos da cv. Itália. Durante a maturação plena, apresenta teor médio de sólidos solúveis de 16,2ºBrix, superior à 'Itália, 0,5% de ácido tartárico e índice de maturação de 31,2. Trata-se de uma nova cultivar de uva fina de mesa com bom potencial de cultivo no Brasil.

Em busca de uma compreensão das relações entre família escola

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Ana da Costa Polonia

Full Text Available Pesquisadores e educadores têm mostrado um crescente interesse pelo estudo das relações entre a família e a escola devido à sua importância para a educação e o desenvolvimento humano. Neste artigo teórico, apresentamos algumas reflexões sobre o envolvimento da família com a escola e seu impacto sobre a aprendizagem e o desenvolvimento do aluno. Os benefícios de uma boa integração e as implicações de uma falta de integração entre os dois contextos são discutidos brevemente, bem como são descritos aspectos das relações estabelecidas entre ambos, que vêm sendo focalizados nas pesquisas empíricas. Especial atenção é dada às concepções e tipos de envolvimento família-escola e às percepções de pais e professores sobre este envolvimento. Ao final, enfatizamos a necessidade de uma integração mais efetiva entre a família e a escola, respeitando as peculiaridades de cada segmento, e da implementação de pesquisas que levem em conta as inter-relações entre os dois contextos.

Enzimas extracelulares da família Botryosphaeriaceae

OpenAIRE

Pinheiro, Ana Rita Almeida

2015-01-01

As espécies da família Botryosphaeriaceae são morfologicamente diversas e descritas como endofíticas, patogénias e saprófitas. Estas são normalmente encontradas numa grande diversidade de hospedeiros. Os fungos patogénicos para plantas Macrophomina phaseolina, Neofusicoccum parvum e Diplodia corticola secretam uma variedade de enzimas extracelulares, tais como proteases e glicosil hidrolases, algumas das quais envolvidas na interação hospedeiro-patogénio. A fim de elucidar a correlação ent...

Cecília Meireles e o temário da escola nova Cecília Meireles and the progressivism themes

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Marcus Vinicius da Cunha

2011-12-01

Full Text Available A poetisa Cecília Meireles foi signatária do Manifesto dos Pioneiros da Educação Nova, histórico documento de 1932 redigido por Fernando de Azevedo e assinado por vinte e seis intelectuais, no qual se encontram as principais formulações do movimento educacional renovador denominado Escola Nova. O presente trabalho analisa a literatura já produzida sobre Meireles e textos da autora publicados entre 1930 e 1933 na coluna "Comentário" da "Página de Educação", seção dirigida por ela no jornal Diário de Notícias da cidade do Rio de Janeiro. O objetivo do trabalho é mostrar que a poetisa expressava ideias e posicionamentos da Escola Nova no início da década de 1930, dentre os quais figuram a relação entre família e escola e o uso das artes como recursos educativos. Tendo por base a teoria da análise retórica, e considerando a peculiaridade do veículo de comunicação utilizado por Meireles, o trabalho abre perspectivas para a investigação das estratégias argumentativas que compõem o discurso pedagógico da autora.The poet Cecília Meireles subscribed the Manifesto of the Pioneers of New Education, a historic document expressing the main principles of the Brazilian educational movement New School written in 1932 by Fernando de Azevedo and signed by 26 well known intellectuals. This article analyses the literature about Meireles and some of her texts published between 1930 and 1933 in the column "Comentário" of "Página de Educação", a section she directed in Diário de Notícias, a newspaper of Rio de Janeiro. The purpose of this study is to show that the poet expressed ideas of New School such as the relations school and family, and the meaning of arts for educational purposes in the early 1930s. Considering the peculiarity of the media used by Meireles, this analysis based on the rhetoric theory, suggests a new perspective for the research about the argumentative strategies of her pedagogical discourse.

Relação família-escola: práticas educativas utilizadas por pais e professores

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Luiza Maria de Oliveira Braga Silveira

Full Text Available Este estudo analisa as continuidades e descontinuidades na relação família-escola frente aos problemas de comportamento da criança, investigando a utilização e as percepções sobre as práticas educativas de pais e professores em ambos os contextos, bem como a existência de ações conjuntas. Participaram do estudo 4 progenitores e 4 professoras de escolas privadas de Porto Alegre, respondendo, cada um deles, a duas entrevistas cujos dados sofreram análise de conteúdo. Os resultados apontaram heterogeneidade das práticas educativas parentais e diferentes níveis de conhecimento entre os participantes acerca das práticas utilizadas, revelando fronteiras rígidas entre a família e a escola. Identificou-se a supremacia do saber das professoras sobre os pais, reforçada pelo fato das atitudes conjuntas enfocarem o caráter curativo e orientador da escola sobre a família. A discussão dos dados propõe alternativas para uma intervenção conjunta família-escola frente aos problemas de comportamento das crianças.

Which amphetamine-type stimulants can be detected by oral fluid immunoassays?

Science.gov (United States)

Souza, Daniele Z; Boehl, Paula O; Comiran, Eloisa; Prusch, Débora S; Zancanaro, Ivomar; Fuentefria, Alexandre M; Pechansky, Flavio; Duarte, Paulina C A V; De Boni, Raquel B; Fröehlich, Pedro E; Limberger, Renata P

2012-02-01

The use of oral fluid for monitoring drug consumption on roads has many advantages over conventional biological fluids; therefore, several immunoassays have been developed for this purpose. In this work, the ability of 3 commercial immunoassays to detect amphetamine-type stimulants (ATSs) in oral fluid was assessed. In addition, it was reviewed the main controlled ATSs available worldwide, as well as the oral fluid immunological screening tests that have been used for identifying ATSs in drivers. The analytical specificity of amphetamine direct enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), methamphetamine direct ELISA (Immunalysis Corporation), and Oral-View saliva multidrug of abuse test (Alfa Scientific Designs) was evaluated using ATS-spiked oral fluid. Legislation and published articles that report the use of immunological screening tests to detect ATS consumption in conductors were reviewed, including the kit's technical information, project reports, police and drug databases. Even at high concentrations, the tested assays were not able to detect methylphenidate, fenproporex, or diethylpropion, controlled ATSs legally marketed in many countries. This evidences the need to develop new kits that enable one to control the misuse of prescription ATSs on roads through oral fluid immunoassays.

Comércio de bromélias no Paraná

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Adilson Anacleto

2013-04-01

Full Text Available Realizou-se um estudo prospectivo da cadeia produtiva de bromélias no Estado do Paraná, objetivando conhecer o perfil do produtor paranaense, com respectiva capacidade de atender às demandas de mercado, identificar e caracterizar os diferentes níveis da cadeia produtiva e detectar os principais pontos de estrangulamento do desenvolvimento desse setor. Para tanto, foram entrevistados 19 produtores, 160 varejistas e 18 atacadistas. A quantidade de bromélias oriundas da produção do Paraná e aptas ao mercado era de 5.340 plantas ao ano, inferior à demanda do Estado. As condições exigidas pelos varejistas (v e atacadistas (a para aquisição de bromélias dos produtores regionais eram: preço igual ou inferior ao praticado em São Paulo (exigido por: v = 134; a = 18, qualidade da produção condizente com a encontrada no mercado (v = 86; a = 16, capacidade de efetuar entregas periódicas (v = 81; a = 11 e capacidade de atendimento dos pedidos extras (v = 55; a = 7. Não foi encontrado produtor no Estado do Paraná que pudesse atender a todas as exigências de forma simultânea. Os principais entraves que impediam a inserção da produção no mercado regional eram decorrentes da inaplicabilidade dos modelos de gestão da produção rural, adotados pelos produtores, e das incongruências tecnológicas observadas na maioria dos viveiros de cultivo, que resultavam em produção de baixa qualidade.

Plasmon enhanced fluoro-immunoassay using egg yolk antibodies for ultra-sensitive detection of herbicide diuron.

Science.gov (United States)

Sharma, Priyanka; Kukkar, Manil; Ganguli, Ashok K; Bhasin, Aman; Suri, C Raman

2013-08-07

Plasmon enhanced fluorescence immunoassay (PEFI) format has been reported in developing a sensitive heterogeneous fluoroimmunoassay for monitoring the phenylurea herbicide diuron. Computer-assisted molecular modeling was carried out to study the conformational and electrostatic effects of synthesized hapten for producing highly specific egg yolk antibody against a phenyl urea herbicide diuron. The generated antibodies were labeled with fluorescein isothiocyanate at different molar ratios and used as tracer in the developed fluorescence based immunoassay. The sensitivity of the assay format was enhanced by using silver nanoparticles tagged with bovine serum albumin as a new blocking reagent in the developed PEFI format. Enhancer treatment on the developed immunoassay showed a significant improvement of fluorescence signal intensity with approximately 10 fold increase in assay sensitivity. The immunoassay has a detection limit of 0.01 ng mL(-1) with good signal precision (~2%) in the optimum working concentration range between 1 pg mL(-1) to 10 μg mL(-1) of diuron. These findings facilitate high throughput fluorescence-based processes that could be useful in biology, drug discovery and compound screening applications.

A implicação da família no uso abusivo de drogas: uma revisão crítica

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Miriam Schenker

2003-01-01

Full Text Available Este artigo apresenta uma revisão crítica da literatura sobre a relação entre adolescência, família e uso abusivo de drogas. Discorre sobre a importância da inserção do sintoma drogadicção no contexto familiar e sociocultural para o entendimento de sua complexidade. A família é vista como uma das fontes de socialização primária do adolescente, juntamente com a escola e o grupo de amigos. As práticas educativas e os estilos de criação da família, com seus três diferentes tipos de controle parental, são ressaltados porque podem facilitar, ou não, o uso abusivo de drogas. Os resultados das pesquisas apontam para a importância de se engajar a família no tratamento do adicto e alguns estudos ampliam o foco para engajar contextos sociais múltiplos - família, amigos, escola, comunidade e sistema legal - no tratamento do adolescente que faz uso abusivo de drogas.

CONSIDERAÇÕES SOBRE A ANÁLISE DA CATEGORIA ‘PERTENCIMENTO’ EM FAMÍLIAS MIGRANTES

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Susana Kramer de Mesquita Oliveira

2016-07-01

Full Text Available O trabalho apresentará a pesquisa de doutorado da autora, ‘Afetividade da família migrante: um estudo sociodramático’ (UnB, 2008, cujo objetivo principal foi compreender o processo de reorganização interna (‘familidade’ e de pertença social de famílias que migraram do nordeste do Brasil (Ceará para a capital brasileira (Brasília, por razões profissionais. A pesquisa se fundamentou no arcabouço conceitual e na proposta metodológica da Socionomia (Jacob Levy Moreno, que têm se mostrado um importante instrumento para análise de grupos em processo de transformação. Os sujeitos foram duas famílias de classe sócio econômica media, que participaram, em grupo, de quatro sessões de sociodrama temático: 1. Dinâmicas de pertencimentos e imagens idealizadas de família, 2. Historiodrama da migração, 3. Sociometria da migração, 4. Perspectivas futuras da família migrante. O presente trabalho tem como objetivos: 1. Apresentar os principais conceitos que nortearam a problematização da pesquisa; 2. Discutir o alcance do Sociodrama como método de pesquisa qualitativo; 3. Apresentar o quadro “análise do pertencimento” elaborado na discussão da tese, a partir dos aspectos críticos da experiência dos sujeitos; 4. Estabelecer elementos comuns para a investigação de novos fluxos migratórios contemporâneos, no Brasil e mundo. Palavras-chave: Migração; Família; Pertencimento; Socionomia.   The paper presents the author’s doctoral research, “Migrant familya ffection: a Sociodramatic study” (UnB, 2008, whose main objective was understanding the internal reorganization (‘familility’ and social belonging of families who migrated from northeastern Brazil (Ceará to the Brazilian capital (Brasilia, for professional reasons. The research was based on the conceptual framework and methodological proposal of Socionomy (Jacob Levy Moreno, which have been an important tool for analysis of groups in the process of

Fake news? Biotin interference in thyroid immunoassays.

Science.gov (United States)

Koehler, Viktoria F; Mann, Ulrike; Nassour, Ayham; Alexander Mann, W

2018-05-29

We report on a 47 year old male patient with multiple sclerosis (MS) presenting in our outpatient neurology clinic in Frankfurt/Main for therapy evaluation. Before change of treatment laboratory investigations were performed. Thyroid function tests (TFTs) with a streptavidin/biotin based immunoassay revealed severe hyperthyroidism with positive thyroid autoantibodies suggestive for Graves' disease. Clinical presentation and thyroid sonography were unremarkable. Due to the discordance between clinical presentation and TFTs, we repeated medical history, in which the patient reported taking high-doses of biotin (300 mg/day) for MS. Recent studies with patients suffering from primary and secondary progressive MS, indicated promising effects of high-dose biotin on MS-related disability. In immunoassays relaying on streptavidin-biotin interaction, biotin intake can cause falsely high or low results. Two weeks after withdrawing biotin, biotin/streptavidin dependant assays showed no longer the biochemical picture of severe hyperthyroidism. Biotin intake should be paused for at least two to five days prior to the use of biotin/streptavidin dependant assays. Alternatively, non-biotin/streptavidin dependant assays (radioimmunoassay, gas chromatography-mass spectrometry/liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry) may be used. Copyright © 2017. Published by Elsevier B.V.

A nova família e a ordem jurídica The new family and the legal order

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Maria Lygia Quartim de Moraes

2011-12-01

Full Text Available O livro A Família em Desordem, da historiadora e psicanalista Elizabeth Roudinesco, constitui uma das mais positivas contribuições para o estudo das famílias no mundo contemporâneo. A tese da autora é de que não obstante todas as "desordens", que vão da perda do poder paterno aos casais homossexuais, a instituição familiar vem sobrevivendo mais bem do que mal. Segundo ela, a família é atualmente reivindicada como o "único valor seguro ao qual ninguém quer renunciar", independentemente da idade, sexo, orientações sexuais ou classe social. Esse anseio pela família leva com que os rearranjos, frutos da "família em desordem" demandem por novos direitos que alteram os pressupostos tradicionais sobre o tema.The Family in Disorder, written by historian and psychoanalyst Elizabeth Roudinesco, is one of the most positive contributions to the study of the families in the contemporary world. The author's thesis is that despite all the "disorder", ranging from the loss of paternal power and homosexual couples, the institution of the family is surviving. According to her, the family is being claimed as the "single value insurance to which nobody wants to renounce", regardless of age, sex, sexual orientation or social class. This yearning for the family brings with it rearrangements, resultant of the "family in disorder", and new rights that challenge the traditional assumptions about the theme.

Em cartaz: a formação docente e as representações de famílias organizadas em modelos não convencionais

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Isaias Batista de Oliveira Júnior

2017-08-01

Full Text Available Este artigo teve como objetivo analisar as representações sociais sobre família entre profissionais do magistério que responderam um inventário do tipo Likert a fim de aferirmos suas representações acerca do conceito de “família”, “família ideal” e “família desestruturada”. Os dados da pesquisa foram coletados durante a realização de um curso de formação docente intitulado “Formação docente e as representações de famílias organizadas em modelos não convencionais pelas lentes do cinema”. Os resultados obtidos revelaram mudanças nas representações dos sujeitos da pesquisa entre o pré e o pós-teste, que se devem, em parte pelo fato de a experiência estética, por meio do cinema, permitir o rompimento com o ideário de família admitindo as diversas maneiras de ser família como verdadeiras.

Simple patterned nanofiber scaffolds and its enhanced performance in immunoassay.

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Jing Wang

Full Text Available Cancer has become the leading cause of death worldwide; early diagnosis and treatment of cancers is critical for the survival of the patients. The concentration of cancer markers in easy-to-access biological fluids can provide great assistance in screening for occult primary cancers, distinguishing malignant from benign findings, determining prognosis and prediction for cancer patients. The multiplex detection technology of a panel of cancer markers can greatly increase the accuracy of disease diagnosis. Herein, we briefly fabricate a high-throughput micro-immunoassay based on the electrospun polystyrene (PS substrates to improve detection sensitivity. The immunoassay was evaluated by analyzing three different cancer biomarkers (AFP, CEA, VEGF. For AFP, CEA, VEGF immunofluorescence assay, the LOD of assay conducted on electrospun PS substrates before or after plasma and the conventional PS substrates were 0.42, 0.10, 1.12 ng/mL, 0.57, 0.09, 1.24 ng/mL, and 159.75, 26.19, 385.59 pg/mL, respectively (P < 0.05. Due to the high porosity and large surface area-to-volume ratio which is the foremost merit of nanostructures, and the plasma treatment which make the hydrophobic PS nanofibers hydropholic, the nanofibers substrates showed sufficient retention of immunoassay functionality and high potential for capture molecules immobilization. Consequently, the immunofluorescence assay conducted on electrospun PS substrates could significantly enhance the sensitivity and limits of detection.

Influence of the Bolsa Família program on nutritional status and food frequency of schoolchildren.

Science.gov (United States)

do Carmo, Ariene Silva; de Almeida, Lorena Magalhães; de Oliveira, Daniela Rodrigues; Dos Santos, Luana Caroline

2016-01-01

To evaluate the food frequency and nutritional status among students according to participation in the Bolsa Família program funded by the government. Cross-sectional study carried out with students from the fourth grade of elementary school in the municipal capital of the southeastern region of Brazil. Food consumption and anthropometry were investigated by a questionnaire administered in school, while participation in the Bolsa Família program and other socio-economic information was obtained through a protocol applied to mothers/guardians. Statistical analysis included the Mann-Whitney test, the chi-squared test, and Poisson regression with robust variance, and the 5% significance level was adopted. There were 319 children evaluated; 56.4% were male, with a median of 9.4 (8.6-11.9) years, and 37.0% were beneficiaries of Bolsa Família program. Between the two groups, there was high prevalence of regular soda consumption (34.3%), artificial juice (49.5%), and sweets (40.3%), while only 54.3% and 51.7% consumed fruits and vegetables regularly, respectively. Among participants of Bolsa Família program, a prevalence 1.24 times higher in the regular consumption of soft drinks (95% CI: 1.10-1.39) was identified compared to non-beneficiaries. The prevalence of overweight was higher in the sample (32.9%), with no difference according to participation in the program. The study found increased consumption of soft drinks among BFP participants. The high rate of overweight and poor eating habits denote the need to develop actions to promote healthy eating, especially for the beneficiaries of the Bolsa Família program, to promote improvements in nutritional status and prevent chronic diseases throughout life. Copyright © 2016 Sociedade Brasileira de Pediatria. Published by Elsevier Editora Ltda. All rights reserved.

Deoxynivalenol-mimic nanobody isolated from a naïve phage display nanobody library and its application in immunoassay.

Science.gov (United States)

Qiu, Yu-Lou; He, Qing-Hua; Xu, Yang; Bhunia, Arun K; Tu, Zhui; Chen, Bo; Liu, Yuan-Yuan

2015-08-05

In this study, using mycotoxin deoxynivalenol (DON) as a model hapten, we developed a nanobody-based environmental friendly immunoassay for sensitive detection of DON. Two nanobodies (N-28 and N-31) which bind to anti-DON monoclonal antibody (MAb) were isolated from a naive phage display library. These nanobodies are clonable, thermally stable and mycotoxin-free products and can be served as coating antigen mimetics in heterologous immunoassay. The half inhibition concentration (IC50) of the immunoassay developed with N-28 and N-31 was 8.77 ± 0.41 ng mL(-1) and 19.97 ± 0.84 ng mL(-1), respectively, which were 18- and 8-fold more sensitive than the conventional coating antigen (DON-BSA) based immunoassay. In order to better understand the molecular mechanism of antigen mimicry by nanobody, the 3D structure of "nanobody (N-28) - anti-DON MAb" complex was presented and verified by molecular modeling and alanine-scanning mutagenesis. The results showed that hydrogen bond and hydrophobic interaction formed between Thr 102 - Ser 106 of N-28 and CDR H3 residues of anti-DON antibody may contribute to their binding. This novel concept of enhancing sensitivity of immunoassay for DON based on nanobody may provide potential applications in a general method for immunoassay of various food chemical contaminants. Copyright © 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Optimized Lateral Flow Immunoassay Reader for the Detection of Infectious Diseases in Developing Countries.

Science.gov (United States)

Pilavaki, Evdokia; Demosthenous, Andreas

2017-11-20

Detection and control of infectious diseases is a major problem, especially in developing countries. Lateral flow immunoassays can be used with great success for the detection of infectious diseases. However, for the quantification of their results an electronic reader is required. This paper presents an optimized handheld electronic reader for developing countries. It features a potentially low-cost, low-power, battery-operated device with no added optical accessories. The operation of this proof of concept device is based on measuring the reflected light from the lateral flow immunoassay and translating it into the concentration of the specific analyte of interest. Characterization of the surface of the lateral flow immunoassay has been performed in order to accurately model its response to the incident light. Ray trace simulations have been performed to optimize the system and achieve maximum sensitivity by placing all the components in optimum positions. A microcontroller enables all the signal processing to be performed on the device and a Bluetooth module allows transmission of the results wirelessly to a mobile phone app. Its performance has been validated using lateral flow immunoassays with influenza A nucleoprotein in the concentration range of 0.5 ng/mL to 200 ng/mL.

Optimized Lateral Flow Immunoassay Reader for the Detection of Infectious Diseases in Developing Countries

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Evdokia Pilavaki

2017-11-01

Full Text Available Detection and control of infectious diseases is a major problem, especially in developing countries. Lateral flow immunoassays can be used with great success for the detection of infectious diseases. However, for the quantification of their results an electronic reader is required. This paper presents an optimized handheld electronic reader for developing countries. It features a potentially low-cost, low-power, battery-operated device with no added optical accessories. The operation of this proof of concept device is based on measuring the reflected light from the lateral flow immunoassay and translating it into the concentration of the specific analyte of interest. Characterization of the surface of the lateral flow immunoassay has been performed in order to accurately model its response to the incident light. Ray trace simulations have been performed to optimize the system and achieve maximum sensitivity by placing all the components in optimum positions. A microcontroller enables all the signal processing to be performed on the device and a Bluetooth module allows transmission of the results wirelessly to a mobile phone app. Its performance has been validated using lateral flow immunoassays with influenza A nucleoprotein in the concentration range of 0.5 ng/mL to 200 ng/mL.

IMMUNOASSAYS FOR THE DETECTION OF UROKINASE RECEPTOR FORMS

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

2004-01-01

amounts of uPAR forms in a sample with data indicative of the presence of the cancer disease. The method can be used for staging, prognosis or diagnosis of prostate cancer. Two novel monoclonal antibodies and a kit and immunoassays for detecting at least one uPAR form(s) are also described in the present...

Direct salivary cortisol radio-immunoassay determination. Clinical applications

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Simon, C.; Cherfan, J.; Kurtz, F.; Vignon, F.; Schlienger, J.L.; Chabrier, G.

1987-01-01

Salivary cortisol levels reflect the biologically active free fraction of blood cortisol. The authors describe the results obtained with the aim of a radio-immunoassay commercial serum cortisol kit, without prealable extraction in different physiological and pathological situations. Salivary cortisol determination appears performant both in nycthemeral studies and in stimulation or freination tests [fr

Rapid and sensitive lateral flow immunoassay method for determining alpha fetoprotein in serum using europium (III) chelate microparticles-based lateral flow test strips

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Liang, Rong-Liang; Xu, Xu-Ping; Liu, Tian-Cai; Zhou, Jian-Wei; Wang, Xian-Guo; Ren, Zhi-Qi [Institute of Antibody Engineering, School of Biotechnology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, Guangdong (China); Hao, Fen [DaAn Gene Co. Ltd. of Sun Yat-sen University, 19 Xiangshan Road, Guangzhou 510515 (China); Wu, Ying-Song, E-mail: wg@smu.edu.cn [Institute of Antibody Engineering, School of Biotechnology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, Guangdong (China)

2015-09-03

Alpha-fetoprotein (AFP), a primary marker for many diseases including various cancers, is important in clinical tumor diagnosis and antenatal screening. Most immunoassays provide high sensitivity and accuracy for determining AFP, but they are expensive, often complex, time-consuming procedures. A simple and rapid point-of-care system that integrates Eu (III) chelate microparticles with lateral flow immunoassay (LFIA) has been developed to determine AFP in serum with an assay time of 15 min. The approach is based on a sandwich immunoassay performed on lateral flow test strips. A fluorescence strip reader was used to measure the fluorescence peak heights of the test line (H{sub T}) and the control line (H{sub C}); the H{sub T}/H{sub C} ratio was used for quantitation. The Eu (III) chelate microparticles-based LFIA assay exhibited a wide linear range (1.0–1000 IU mL{sup −1}) for AFP with a low limit of detection (0.1 IU mL{sup −1}) based on 5ul of serum. Satisfactory specificity and accuracy were demonstrated and the intra- and inter-assay coefficients of variation (CV) for AFP were both <10%. Furthermore, in the analysis of human serum samples, excellent correlation (n = 284, r = 0.9860, p < 0.0001) was obtained between the proposed method and a commercially available CLIA kit. Results indicated that the Eu (III) chelate microparticles-based LFIA system provided a rapid, sensitive and reliable method for determining AFP in serum, indicating that it would be suitable for development in point-of-care testing. - Highlights: • Europium (III) chelate microparticles was used as a label for LIFA. • Quantitative detection by using H{sub T}/H{sub C} ratio was achieved. • LIFA for simple and rapid AFP detection in human serum. • The sensitivity and linearity was more excellent compared with QD-based ICTS. • This method could be developed for rapid point-of-care screening.

Microfluidic "Pouch" Chips for Immunoassays and Nucleic Acid Amplification Tests.

Science.gov (United States)

Mauk, Michael G; Liu, Changchun; Qiu, Xianbo; Chen, Dafeng; Song, Jinzhao; Bau, Haim H

2017-01-01

Microfluidic cassettes ("chips") for processing and analysis of clinical specimens and other sample types facilitate point-of-care (POC) immunoassays and nucleic acid based amplification tests. These single-use test chips can be self-contained and made amenable to autonomous operation-reducing or eliminating supporting instrumentation-by incorporating laminated, pliable "pouch" and membrane structures for fluid storage, pumping, mixing, and flow control. Materials and methods for integrating flexible pouch compartments and diaphragm valves into hard plastic (e.g., acrylic and polycarbonate) microfluidic "chips" for reagent storage, fluid actuation, and flow control are described. We review several versions of these pouch chips for immunoassay and nucleic acid amplification tests, and describe related fabrication techniques. These protocols thus offer a "toolbox" of methods for storage, pumping, and flow control functions in microfluidic devices.

A sandwich immunoassay for human prolyl 4-hydroxylase using monoclonal antibody

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Yoshida, Shinichi

1986-01-01

Monoclonal antibody was used in a sandwich enzyme immunoassay and in a radioimmunoassay for human serum immunoreactive prolyl 4-hydroxylase. The enzyme immunoassay utilized a monoclonal antibody as a solid phase and horseradish peroxidase-labeled rabbit antibody to human prolyl 4-hydroxylase as a conjugate. Sensitivity was 0.1 ng of enzyme per tube. With a conjugate purified by an enzyme-bound affinity column, sensitivity was increased to 0.01 ng per tube, and linearity was obtained between 0.01 to 30 ng per tube. The radioimmunoassay used a 125 I-labeled rabbit antibody (IgG) as the conjugate. Sensitivity of this technique was 0.4 ng of enzyme per tube. (Auth.)

PROBLEMAS BIOÉTICOS NO COTIDIANO DO TRABALHO DE PROFISSIONAIS DE EQUIPES DE SAÚDE DA FAMÍLIA

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Patrícia Aparecida da Silva Valadão

Full Text Available Resumo A pesquisa buscou identificar e avaliar os problemas bioéticos envolvidos no cotidiano de trabalho de profissionais de duas equipes da Estratégia Saúde da Família. Neste estudo qualitativo, realizaram-se entrevistas individuais semiestruturadas com 16 profissionais da equipe de saúde da família de Salvador, Bahia, de fevereiro a outubro de 2015. Utilizou-se a análise de conteúdo proposta por Bardin, assim como a bioética principialista e o pensamento complexo de Edgar Morin. Identificaram-se duas categorias: ‘Problemas bioéticos no cotidiano de trabalho da equipe de saúde da família’ e ‘A relação interprofissional na equipe de saúde da família’. Na primeira categoria, evidenciaram-se falta de companheirismo e colaboração entre os membros da equipe; ações verticalizadas da gestão; dificuldades em preservar a privacidade do usuário e dos profissionais. Na segunda, destacaram-se a disparidade de poder nas relações interprofissionais e o encontro ‘frio’ entre núcleo de apoio e assistência à saúde da família e equipe. Concluiu-se que a equipe de saúde da família não tem avançado no aperfeiçoamento do trabalho em equipe interdisciplinar. Os problemas identificados ferem os princípios do enfoque principialista da bioética, esgarçam o tecido social do trabalho na Estratégia Saúde da Família e contribuem para a descaracterização da atenção básica.

Immunoassay of β-endorphin

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Hoellt, V.; Gramsch, C.; Herz, A.

1979-01-01

The present paper describes the characteristics of a series of antisera against β-endorphin (β-E) developed in our laboratory which all recognize β-lipotropin and their use in (1) the determination of β-E in tissue and in body fluids and in (2) the immunocytochemical localization of β-E containing neurons in the rat brain and in (3) the study of the conversion of the β-E/β-LPH precursor into β-LPH and β-E in the pars intermedia/nervosa of the rat pituitary. It is the purpose of the present report to critically analyze the pitfalls and drawbacks, as well as the advantage, of the use of radioimmunoassay and other immunoassays in the determination of β-E. (Auth.)

Enzymatic amplification of a flow-injected thermometric enzyme-linked immunoassay for human insulin.

Science.gov (United States)

Mecklenburg, M; Lindbladh, C; Li, H; Mosbach, K; Danielsson, B

1993-08-01

A flow-injected thermometric enzyme linked immunoassay for human insulin which employs the lactate dehydrogenase/lactate oxidase (LDH/LOD) substrate recycling system for signal amplification is described. The system is composed of two columns, an immunosorbent column containing immobilized anti-insulin antibodies for sensing and a recycling column containing immobilized LDH/LOD/Catalase for detection. The effect of flow rates, conjugate concentrations, and chromatographic support material upon the sensitivity of the assay are investigated. The assay has a detection limit of 0.025 microgram/ml and a linear range from 0.05 to 2 micrograms/ml. This corresponds to a 10-fold increase in sensitivity over the unamplified system. A recombinant human insulin-proinsulin conjugate was also tested. The results show that enzymatic amplification can be employed to increase the sensitivity and reproducibility of flow injection assay-based biosensors. The implications of these results upon on-line analysis are discussed.

Towards the development of a radioenzyme-immunoassay

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Schuurs, A.H.W.M.; Waart, M. v. d.

1976-01-01

We have tried to develop a very sensitive enzyme-immunoassay. For this purpose, a very sensitive radiochemical enzyme assay was used. HCG was chosen as test model and AChE as labelling enzyme. The test appeared to be much more sensitive than the normal enzymeimmunoassay. And, in comparison with RIA, it was about as sensitive but less time-consuming, and it makes use, in principle, of stable reagents. (orig./GSE) [de

Relação escola e família: uma abordagem psicodramática.

OpenAIRE

Cláudia Roberta Borsato

2008-01-01

A presente pesquisa tem como objetivo a promoção da compreensão recíproca dos papéis de professores e pais na articulação das relações escola-família, para a qualificação da prática docente em benefício da educação dos alunos. A literatura especializada sobre o tema, bem como as experiências educacionais dessa pesquisadora evidenciam que, na atualidade, escola e família são parceiros não assumidos na vivência do processo ensino-aprendizagem. Professores e pais necessitam participar em conjunt...

Práticas amigas da família : contributos para a compreensão da sua adesão e eficácia

OpenAIRE

Brandão, Ana Filipa Sousa; Silva, Isabel Maria Soares da

2011-01-01

O estudo apresentado visa contribuir para a compreensão dos fatores suscetíveis de explicar a adesão às Práticas Amigas da Família (PAF), assim como analisar a eficácia das mesmas. Especificamente, foi analisado o contributo de dimensões como a perceção de apoio à família por parte da organização e a existência de “fontes de apoio” ao nível da adesão às PAF e o compromisso organizacional afetivo, o conflito trabalho-família e o conflito família-trabalho ao nível da sua eficácia. Os dados f...

Modification of a deoxynivalenol-antigen-mimicking nanobody to improve immunoassay sensitivity by site-saturation mutagenesis.

Science.gov (United States)

Qiu, Yu-Lou; He, Qing-Hua; Xu, Yang; Wang, Wei; Liu, Yuan-Yuan

2016-01-01

A nanobody (N-28) which can act as a deoxynivalenol (DON) antigen has been generated, and its residues Thr102-Ser106 were identified to bind with anti-DON monoclonal antibody by alanine-scanning mutagenesis. Site-saturation mutagenesis was used to analyze the plasticity of five residues and to improve the sensitivity of the N-28-based immunoassay. After mutagenesis, three mutants were selected by phage immunoassay and were sequenced. The half-maximal inhibitory concentrations of the immunoassay based on mutants N-28-T102Y, N-28-V103L, and N-28-Y105F were 24.49 ± 1.0, 51.83 ± 2.5, and 35.65 ± 1.6 ng/mL, respectively, showing the assay was, respectively, 3.2, 1.5, and 2.2 times more sensitive than the wild-type-based assay. The best mutant, N-28-T102Y, was used to develop a competitive phage ELISA to detect DON in cereals with high specificity and accuracy. In addition, the structural properties of N-28-T102Y and N-28 were investigated, revealing that the affinity of N-28-T102Y decreased because of increased steric hindrance with the large side chain. The lower-binding-affinity antigen mimetic may contribute to the improvement of the sensitivity of competitive immunoassays. These results demonstrate that nanobodies would be a favorable tool for engineering. Moreover, our results have laid a solid foundation for site-saturation mutagenesis of antigen-mimicking nanobodies to improve immunoassay sensitivity for small molecules.

Dual-Mode SERS-Fluorescence Immunoassay Using Graphene Quantum Dot Labeling on One-Dimensional Aligned Magnetoplasmonic Nanoparticles.

Science.gov (United States)

Zou, Fengming; Zhou, Hongjian; Tan, Tran Van; Kim, Jeonghyo; Koh, Kwangnak; Lee, Jaebeom

2015-06-10

A novel dual-mode immunoassay based on surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) and fluorescence was designed using graphene quantum dot (GQD) labels to detect a tuberculosis (TB) antigen, CFP-10, via a newly developed sensing platform of linearly aligned magnetoplasmonic (MagPlas) nanoparticles (NPs). The GQDs were excellent bilabeling materials for simultaneous Raman scattering and photoluminescence (PL). The one-dimensional (1D) alignment of MagPlas NPs simplified the immunoassay process and enabled fast, enhanced signal transduction. With a sandwich-type immunoassay using dual-mode nanoprobes, both SERS signals and fluorescence images were recognized in a highly sensitive and selective manner with a detection limit of 0.0511 pg mL(-1).

Estimation of basal shear stresses from now ice-free LIA glacier forefields in the Swiss Alps

Science.gov (United States)

Fischer, Mauro; Haeberli, Wilfried; Huss, Matthias; Paul, Frank; Linsbauer, Andreas; Hoelzle, Martin

2013-04-01

In most cases, assessing the impacts of climatic changes on glaciers requires knowledge about the ice thickness distribution. Miscellaneous methodological approaches with different degrees of sophistication have been applied to model glacier thickness so far. However, all of them include significant uncertainty. By applying a parameterization scheme for ice thickness determination relying on assumptions about basal shear stress by Haeberli and Hoelzle (1995) to now ice-free glacier forefields in the Swiss Alps, basal shear stress values can be calculated based on a fast and robust experimental approach. In a GIS, the combination of recent (1973) and Little Ice Age (LIA) maximum (around 1850) glacier outlines, central flowlines, a recent Digital Elevation Model (DEM) and a DEM of glacier surface topography for the LIA maximum allows extracting local ice thickness over the forefield of individual glaciers. Subsequently, basal shear stress is calculated via the rheological assumption of perfect-plasticity relating ice thickness and surface slope to shear stress. The need of only very few input data commonly stored in glacier inventories permits an application to a large number of glaciers. Basal shear stresses are first calculated for subsamples of glaciers belonging to two test sites where the LIA maximum glacier surface is modeled with DEMs derived from accurate topographic maps for the mid 19th century. Neglecting outliers, the average resulting mean basal shear stress is around 80 kPa for the Bernina region (range 25-100 kPa) and 120 kPa (range 50-150 kPa) for the Aletsch region. For the entire Swiss Alps it is 100 kPa (range 40-175 kPa). Because complete LIA glacier surface elevation information is lacking there, a DEM is first created from reconstructed height of LIA lateral moraines and trimlines by using a simple GIS-based tool. A sensitivity analysis of the input parameters reveals that the performance of the developed approach primarily depends on the

Família e escola: uma participação interativa no contexto da educação infantil

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Anne Kelly Hetzel de Araujo Anastacio

2011-07-01

Full Text Available Na presente pesquisa refletimos sobre a participação da família e suas interações com a escola e as crianças, no contexto da educação infantil, em uma escola da rede privada do município de Sinop - MT. A escola pesquisada está localizada no Centro da cidade e atende um público de classe média alta. Os objetivos da pesquisa foram no sentido de abordar a temática da participação da família no contexto escolar e suas implicações para as crianças, assim como compreender as ações que a escola de educação infantil desenvolve para que aconteçam interações das crianças e dos profissionais da escola com as famílias. Enquanto caminho metodológico, buscamos as análises da pesquisa qualitativa, através da observação participante. Foi realizado questionário aberto com uma professora e duas mães, e observação em sala de aula. Durante o período da observação podemos constatar que havia uma relevante participação da família, porém houve ausência por parte da escola quanto ao seu papel promotor de interações dos pais/mães no contexto escolar da criança, de maneira educativa. Os interlocutores teóricos foram: Charlot; Craidy & Kaercher; Bernard Lahire; Gérard Guillot. Com os dados construídos durante a presente pesquisa podemos refletir que as escolas poderiam promover reuniões para conscientizar a família da importância não só de uma participação de gênero festivo, mas também educativo, pois cabe a escola a responsabilidade de promover a participação da família em seu contexto e, dessa forma, contribuir para que mudanças significativas ocorram no desenvolvimento das crianças.Palavras-chave: criança; família; escola de educação infantil.

Discordant Analytical Results Caused by Biotin Interference on Diagnostic Immunoassays in a Pediatric Hospital.

Science.gov (United States)

Ali, Mahesheema; Rajapakshe, Deepthi; Cao, Liyun; Devaraj, Sridevi

2017-09-01

Recent studies have reported that biotin interferes with certain immunoassays. In this study, we evaluated the analytical interference of biotin on immunoassays that use streptavidin-biotin in our pediatric hospital. We tested the effect of different concentrations of biotin (1.5-200 ng/ml) on TSH, Prolactin, Ferritin, CK-MB, β-hCG, Troponin I, LH, FSH, Cortisol, Anti-HAV antibody (IgG and IgM), assays on Ortho Clinical Diagnostic Vitros 5600 Analyzer. Biotin (up to 200 ng/mL) did not significantly affect Troponin I and HAV assays. Biotin (up to 12.5 ng/ml) resulted in biotin >6.25 ng/mL significantly affected TSH (>20% bias) assay. Prolactin was significantly affected even at low levels (Biotin 1.5 ng/mL). Thus, we recommend educating physicians about biotin interference in common immunoassays and adding an electronic disclaimer. © 2017 by the Association of Clinical Scientists, Inc.

Rede de suporte da família da criança e adolescente com deficiência visual: potencialidades e fragilidades

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Mayara Caroline Barbieri

Full Text Available Resumo Este estudo objetivou conhecer as interações estabelecidas entre a rede de apoio social e famílias de crianças e adolescente com deficiência visual, residentes em dois municípios do interior do estado de São Paulo. Pesquisa descritiva, qualitativa que teve como premissa teórica o Interacionismo Simbólico. Utilizamos o genograma, o ecomapa e a entrevista semiestruturada com 18 famílias. A abordagem de análise dos dados adotada foi a análise de narrativa, tendo sido possível a apreensão de dois temas: potencialidades derivadas da relação com a rede de apoio e contrapontos nas redes de apoio. A família acessa como rede de apoio os membros da própria família, amigos, espiritualidade, atividades culturais, serviços de saúde e instituições governamentais e de filantropia. A fragilidade no apoio dos serviços de saúde é um elemento de entrave para a assistência integral à criança e ao adolescente residentes no município A. Já no B, há oferta de outras possibilidades por apresentar um serviço de referência. Apesar das fragilidades nas redes de apoio em ambos os municípios, a família se articula e desenvolve um alicerce para que o melhor possa ser viabilizado para sua criança ou adolescente. Cabe aos profissionais da saúde fornecer apoio às famílias e empoderá-las ao cuidado de seus membros.

340 nm pulsed UV LED system for europium-based time-resolved fluorescence detection of immunoassays

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Rodenko, Olga; Fodgaard, Henrik; Tidemand-Lichtenberg, Peter

2016-01-01

We report on the design, development and investigation of an optical system based on UV light emitting diode (LED) excitation at 340 nm for time-resolved fluorescence detection of immunoassays. The system was tested to measure cardiac marker Troponin I with a concentration of 200 ng....../L in immunoassay. The signal-to-noise ratio was comparable to state-of-the-art Xenon flash lamp based unit with equal excitation energy and without overdriving the LED. We performed a comparative study of the flash lamp and the LED based system and discussed temporal, spatial, and spectral features of the LED...... excitation for time-resolved fluorimetry. Optimization of the suggested key parameters of the LED promises significant increase of the signal-to-noise ratio and hence of the sensitivity of immunoassay systems....

340 nm pulsed UV LED system for europium-based time-resolved fluorescence detection of immunoassays.

Science.gov (United States)

Rodenko, Olga; Fodgaard, Henrik; Tidemand-Lichtenberg, Peter; Petersen, Paul Michael; Pedersen, Christian

2016-09-19

We report on the design, development and investigation of an optical system based on UV light emitting diode (LED) excitation at 340 nm for time-resolved fluorescence detection of immunoassays. The system was tested to measure cardiac marker Troponin I with a concentration of 200 ng/L in immunoassay. The signal-to-noise ratio was comparable to state-of-the-art Xenon flash lamp based unit with equal excitation energy and without overdriving the LED. We performed a comparative study of the flash lamp and the LED based system and discussed temporal, spatial, and spectral features of the LED excitation for time-resolved fluorimetry. Optimization of the suggested key parameters of the LED promises significant increase of the signal-to-noise ratio and hence of the sensitivity of immunoassay systems.

Development of laser-based technology for the routine first wall diagnostic on the tokamak EAST: LIBS and LIAS

Science.gov (United States)

Hu, Z.; Gierse, N.; Li, C.; Liu, P.; Zhao, D.; Sun, L.; Oelmann, J.; Nicolai, D.; Wu, D.; Wu, J.; Mao, H.; Ding, F.; Brezinsek, S.; Liang, Y.; Ding, H.; Luo, G.; Linsmeier, C.; EAST Team

2017-12-01

A laser based method combined with spectroscopy, such as laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) and laser-induced ablation spectroscopy (LIAS), is a promising technology for plasma-wall interaction studies. In this work, we report the development of in situ laser-based diagnostics (LIBS and LIAS) for the assessment of static and dynamic fuel retention on the first wall without removing the tiles between and during plasma discharges in the Experimental Advanced Superconducting Tokamak (EAST). The fuel retention on the first wall was measured after different wall conditioning methods and daily plasma discharges by in situ LIBS. The result indicates that the LIBS can be a useful tool to predict the wall condition in EAST. With the successful commissioning of a refined timing system for LIAS, an in situ approach to investigate fuel retention is proposed.

Demanda clínica em psicoterapia de família: Arte-Diagnóstico Familiar como instrumento facilitador

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Rebeca Nonato Machado

2008-12-01

Full Text Available Este estudo teve como objetivo descrever a aplicação do Arte-Diagnóstico Familiar (ADF como um instrumento de avaliação e construção da demanda familiar na clínica. Cada membro da família vem à primeira entrevista com objetivos e motivações próprias. É função do psicoterapeuta auxiliar a família a perceber sua demanda no transcorrer das entrevistas, procurando aproximar as motivações individuais de cada integrante, a fim de criar uma demanda conjunta. Por meio da análise de um caso clínico foi possível identificar a contribuição do ADF no processo de avaliação da família.

[Automated analyzer of enzyme immunoassay].

Science.gov (United States)

Osawa, S

1995-09-01

Automated analyzers for enzyme immunoassay can be classified by several points of view: the kind of labeled antibodies or enzymes, detection methods, the number of tests per unit time, analytical time and speed per run. In practice, it is important for us consider the several points such as detection limits, the number of tests per unit time, analytical range, and precision. Most of the automated analyzers on the market can randomly access and measure samples. I will describe the recent advance of automated analyzers reviewing their labeling antibodies and enzymes, the detection methods, the number of test per unit time and analytical time and speed per test.

Concepção de família por parte de crianças em situação de acolhimento institucional e por parte de profissionais

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Gianni Vanessa Mayer Lauz

Full Text Available Este estudo objetivou conhecer a concepção de família para crianças em situação de acolhimento institucional bem como para profissionais da mesma instituição. Participaram do estudo três meninas, entre nove e dez anos de idade, e três profissionais (uma assistente social, uma monitora e a diretora. A coleta de dados com as crianças foi realizada através de um grupo focal (GF, em que foram utilizados recursos lúdicos e simbólicos. Além disso, foi solicitado o desenho da família e realizada uma entrevista semiestruturada individual. Já com os profissionais, fez-se o uso de entrevistas semiestruturadas. Os resultados foram analisados através da análise de conteúdo, e os dados encontrados apontaram que as crianças possuem a representação de família relacionada à família de origem, à família monoparental e à família nuclear. A percepção dos profissionais é formada pelas representações de suas famílias de origem e pela percepção das famílias das crianças institucionalizadas sob o viés dos riscos e da culpabilização. Assim, torna-se necessário abrir espaços para reflexões sobre o modelo de família junto à equipe da instituição, a fim de que possam notar as novas configurações familiares na sociedade atual e os fatores de proteção presentes nas famílias de origem das crianças, superando uma visão patologizante.

Electrochemical immunoassay using magnetic beads for the determination of zearalenone in baby food: An anticipated analytical tool for food safety

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Hervas, Miriam; Lopez, Miguel Angel; Escarpa, Alberto

2009-01-01

In this work, electrochemical immunoassay involving magnetic beads to determine zearalenone in selected food samples has been developed. The immunoassay scheme has been based on a direct competitive immunoassay method in which antibody-coated magnetic beads were employed as the immobilisation support and horseradish peroxidase (HRP) was used as enzymatic label. Amperometric detection has been achieved through the addition of hydrogen peroxide substrate and hydroquinone as mediator. Analytical performance of the electrochemical immunoassay has been evaluated by analysis of maize certified reference material (CRM) and selected baby food samples. A detection limit (LOD) of 0.011 μg L -1 and EC 50 0.079 μg L -1 were obtained allowing the assessment of the detection of zearalenone mycotoxin. In addition, an excellent accuracy with a high recovery yield ranging between 95 and 108% has been obtained. The analytical features have shown the proposed electrochemical immunoassay to be a very powerful and timely screening tool for the food safety scene.

Electrochemical immunoassay using magnetic beads for the determination of zearalenone in baby food: an anticipated analytical tool for food safety.

Science.gov (United States)

Hervás, Miriam; López, Miguel Angel; Escarpa, Alberto

2009-10-27

In this work, electrochemical immunoassay involving magnetic beads to determine zearalenone in selected food samples has been developed. The immunoassay scheme has been based on a direct competitive immunoassay method in which antibody-coated magnetic beads were employed as the immobilisation support and horseradish peroxidase (HRP) was used as enzymatic label. Amperometric detection has been achieved through the addition of hydrogen peroxide substrate and hydroquinone as mediator. Analytical performance of the electrochemical immunoassay has been evaluated by analysis of maize certified reference material (CRM) and selected baby food samples. A detection limit (LOD) of 0.011 microg L(-1) and EC(50) 0.079 microg L(-1) were obtained allowing the assessment of the detection of zearalenone mycotoxin. In addition, an excellent accuracy with a high recovery yield ranging between 95 and 108% has been obtained. The analytical features have shown the proposed electrochemical immunoassay to be a very powerful and timely screening tool for the food safety scene.

Electrochemical immunoassay using magnetic beads for the determination of zearalenone in baby food: An anticipated analytical tool for food safety

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Hervas, Miriam; Lopez, Miguel Angel [Departamento Quimica Analitica, Universidad de Alcala, Ctra. Madrid-Barcelona, Km. 33600, E-28871 Alcala de Henares, Madrid (Spain); Escarpa, Alberto, E-mail: alberto.escarpa@uah.es [Departamento Quimica Analitica, Universidad de Alcala, Ctra. Madrid-Barcelona, Km. 33600, E-28871 Alcala de Henares, Madrid (Spain)

2009-10-27

In this work, electrochemical immunoassay involving magnetic beads to determine zearalenone in selected food samples has been developed. The immunoassay scheme has been based on a direct competitive immunoassay method in which antibody-coated magnetic beads were employed as the immobilisation support and horseradish peroxidase (HRP) was used as enzymatic label. Amperometric detection has been achieved through the addition of hydrogen peroxide substrate and hydroquinone as mediator. Analytical performance of the electrochemical immunoassay has been evaluated by analysis of maize certified reference material (CRM) and selected baby food samples. A detection limit (LOD) of 0.011 {mu}g L{sup -1} and EC{sub 50} 0.079 {mu}g L{sup -1} were obtained allowing the assessment of the detection of zearalenone mycotoxin. In addition, an excellent accuracy with a high recovery yield ranging between 95 and 108% has been obtained. The analytical features have shown the proposed electrochemical immunoassay to be a very powerful and timely screening tool for the food safety scene.

Biosensor immunoassay for flumequine in broiler serum and muscle

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Haasnoot, W.; Gercek, H.; Cazemier, G.; Nielen, M.W.F.

2007-01-01

Flumequine (Flu) is one of the fluoroquinolones most frequently applied for the treatment of broilers in The Netherlands. For the detection of residues of Flu in blood serum of broilers, a biosensor immunoassay (BIA) was developed which was fast (7.5 min per sample) and specific (no cross-reactivity

Microfluidic Platform for Enzyme-Linked and Magnetic Particle-Based Immunoassay

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Dorota G. Pijanowska

2013-06-01

Full Text Available This article presents design and testing of a microfluidic platform for immunoassay. The method is based on sandwiched ELISA, whereby the primary antibody is immobilized on nitrocelluose and, subsequently, magnetic beads are used as a label to detect the analyte. The chip takes approximately 2 h and 15 min to complete the assay. A Hall Effect sensor using 0.35-μm BioMEMS TSMC technology (Taiwan Semiconductor Manufacturing Company Bio-Micro-Electro-Mechanical Systems was fabricated to sense the magnetic field from the beads. Furthermore, florescence detection and absorbance measurements from the chip demonstrate successful immunoassay on the chip. In addition, investigation also covers the Hall Effect simulations, mechanical modeling of the bead–protein complex, testing of the microfluidic platform with magnetic beads averaging 10 nm, and measurements with an inductor-based system.

Chimeric recombinant antibody fragments in cardiac troponin I immunoassay.

Science.gov (United States)

Hyytiä, Heidi; Heikkilä, Taina; Brockmann, Eeva-Christine; Kekki, Henna; Hedberg, Pirjo; Puolakanaho, Tarja; Lövgren, Timo; Pettersson, Kim

2015-03-01

To introduce a novel nanoparticle-based immunoassay for cardiac troponin I (cTnI) utilizing chimeric antibody fragments and to demonstrate that removal of antibody Fc-part and antibody chimerization decrease matrix related interferences. A sandwich-type immunoassay for cTnI based on recombinant chimeric (mouse variable/human constant) antigen binding (cFab) antibodies and intrinsically fluorescent nanoparticles was developed. To test whether using chimeric antibody fragments helps to avoid matrix related interferences, samples (n=39) with known amounts of triglycerides, bilirubin, rheumatoid factor (RF) or human anti-mouse antibodies (HAMAs) were measured with the novel assay, along with a previously published nanoparticle-based research assay with the same antibody epitopes. The limit of detection (LoD) was 3.30ng/L. Within-laboratory precision for 29ng/L and 2819ng/L cTnI were 13.7% and 15.9%, respectively. Regression analysis with Siemens ADVIA Centaur® yielded a slope (95% confidence intervals) of 0.18 (0.17-1.19) and a y-intercept of 1.94 (-1.28-3.91) ng/L. When compared to a previously published nanoparticle-based assay, the novel assay showed substantially reduced interference in the tested interference prone samples, 15.4 vs. 51.3%. A rheumatoid factor containing sample was decreased from 241ng/L to immunoassay for the detection of cTnI and decreased matrix related interferences, thus resulting in a lower number of falsely elevated cTnI-values. Copyright © 2014 The Canadian Society of Clinical Chemists. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Gliadin Detection in Food by Immunoassay

Science.gov (United States)

Grant, Gordon; Sporns, Peter; Hsieh, Y.-H. Peggy

Immunoassays are very sensitive and efficient tests that are commonly used to identify a specific protein. Examples of applications in the food industry include identification of proteins expressed in genetically modified foods, allergens, or proteins associated with a disease, including celiac disease. This genetic disease is associated with Europeans and affects about one in every 200 people in North America. These individuals react immunologically to wheat proteins, and consequently their own immune systems attack and damage their intestines. This disease can be managed if wheat proteins, specifically "gliadins," are avoided in foods.

Condicionalidades em saúde do programa Bolsa Família – Brasil: uma análise a partir de profissionais da saúde

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Alice Teles de Carvalho

2014-12-01

Full Text Available Este estudo apresenta a percepção de profissionais de equipes de Saúde da Família de municípios do Nordeste do Brasil acerca das mudanças na vida das famílias participantes do programa Bolsa Família, da relação destas com os serviços de saúde e do impacto na dinâmica de trabalho dos profissionais, a partir do acompanhamento das condicionalidades de saúde do programa Bolsa Família. As informações foram obtidas por meio de entrevistas semiestruturadas e encontros de grupo focal. Os profissionais acreditam que o programa ocasionou mudanças favoráveis na vida das famílias participantes, como a redução da pobreza, o aumento da frequência escolar das crianças e mudanças positivas na relação entre as famílias participantes e os serviços de saúde. No entanto, relataram dificuldades de caráter organizacional no acompanhamento das condicionalidades, sobretudo devido ao aumento da demanda de trabalho. É importante que as condicionalidades de saúde proporcionem oportunidades para a realização de ações que visem ao empoderamento e autonomia dos sujeitos quanto ao autocuidado e desenvolvimento da cidadania.

O clube dos afetos : apontamentos sobre representações da família em clássicos da literatura infantil e juvenil

OpenAIRE

Azevedo, Fernando José Fraga de

2013-01-01

Embora o conceito de família possa ser perspetivado como histórica e sociologicamente variável, com representações, valores e ideologias nem sempre coincidentes, ele constitui hoje um elemento nuclear no processo educativo das crianças. Este artigo partirá das representações da família nos clássicos Peter Pan, de James Barrie, e Pipi das Meias Altas, de Astrid Lindgren, equacionando os lugares da família num quadro socioeducativo global. Aunque el concepto de familia pueda ser representado...

Aplica??o do Modelo Calgary para avalia??o de fam?lias de idosos hospitalizados sob cuidados paliativos

OpenAIRE

Duarte, Marcella Costa Souto

2015-01-01

A presente tese ? constitu?da por tr?s artigos, um te?rico, intitulado Produ??o cient?fica sobre a pessoa idosa em cuidados paliativos: um estudo bibliom?trico e dois originais: Avalia??o estrutural, desenvolvimental e funcional de fam?lias de pacientes idosos com c?ncer em cuidados paliativos; e Avalia??o familiar de pacientes idosos com acidente vascular encef?lico em cuidados paliativos. Objetivo: analisar a estrutura, o desenvolvimento e o funcionamento de fam?lias de pacientes idosos sem...

A experiência de famílias rurais que permanecem em casas de apoio durante tratamento oncológico

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Nara Marilene Oliveira Girardon-Perlini

2017-04-01

Full Text Available RESUMO Objetivo Compreender a experiência de famílias rurais que permanecem em casas de apoio durante o tratamento oncológico de um familiar adulto. Métodos Pesquisa qualitativa fundamentada no Interacionismo Simbólico e na pesquisa narrativa. Participaram sete famílias rurais, 14 pessoas hospedadas em casas de apoio em Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil. Os dados obtidos por meio de entrevista, no período de novembro de 2010 a maio de 2011, foram analisados com ênfase no conteúdo. Resultados Os três temas abordados foram: casa de apoio como um local de referência para ficar, o cotidiano e a convivência na casa de apoio. Conclusões A experiência foi marcada pela necessidade da família adaptar-se a um contexto diferente do rural, com regras e rotinas específicas, com desconfortos e confrontos com características da cultura urbana e com o vivido por outras famílias também em situação de adoecimento, o que contribuiu para ressignificar a própria experiência.

Hydrothermal preparation of zeolite Li-A and ion exchange properties of Cs and Sr in salt waste

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Lee, S. H.; Kim, J. G.; Lee, J. H.; Kim, J. H.

2005-01-01

An advanced spent fuel management process that were based on Li reduction of the oxide spent fuel to a metallic form will generate a LiCl waste. Zeolite A has been reported as a promising immobilization medium for waste salt with CsCl and SrCl 2 . However, Sodium is accumulated as an ionic form (Na + -ion) in molten salt during ion exchange step between Na + -ion in zeolite A and Li + -ion in the molten salt. Therefore, zeolite Na-A need to be replaced by the Li-type zeolite for recycling the salt waste by removing the Cs and Sr ions. In this study, the hydrothermal preparation of zeolite Li-A was performed in 350ml pressure vessel by P. Norby method. The preparation characteristics of zeolite Li-A was investigated. And the ion exchange properties of Cs and Sr in molten LiCl salt were investigated under the condition of 923K using zeolite 4A and prepared zeolite Li-A

Percepções de usuários e profissionais da saúde da família sobre o Núcleo de Apoio à Saúde da Família

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Geovani Gurgel Aciole

Full Text Available RESUMO O objetivo deste estudo foi explorar a percepção de usuários e profissionais da Estratégia de Saúde da Família sobre o Núcleo de Apoio à Saúde da Família (Nasf. Trata-se de investigação qualitativa, com entrevista semi-estruturada e grupo focal, sob o prisma da análise de conteúdo. Os profissionais demonstraram conhecimento sobre o Nasf, mas dificuldade em conceituar os dispositivos da proposta. Os usuários, embora não reconheçam o núcleo pelo nome, valorizam e descrevem bem o trabalho, na perspectiva de acesso e qualidade do cuidado. As percepções sugerem que a proposta é reconhecida e valorizada pela população e que é necessário fortalecer as práticas de educação permanente e apoio matricial entre os profissionais.

Narrativas de um candango em Brasília

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Heloisa Helena Pacheco Cardoso

2004-01-01

Full Text Available Este artigo trata das experiências de um candango em Brasília, utilizando para análise sua própria narrativa. Eronildes Guerra de Queiroz, pernambucano, chegou ao Planalto Central nos anos 50 em busca de melhor condição de vida, como muitos outros que viram tal oportunidade na construção da nova capital. Em 1991, ele relata sua trajetória aos pesquisadores do Arquivo Público do Distrito Federal. Refletir sobre o conteúdo dessa narrativa significa não só desvendá-la enquanto expressão de práticas sociais que foram comuns naquele espaço, como reconhecê-la enquanto experiência individualizada no seu modo de perceber e contar os acontecimentos.This article is concerned with the experiences of a "candango" in Brasília, using as analysis his own narrative. Eronildes Guerra de Queiroz, born in Pernambuco, arrived in the Planalto Central in the fifties looking for best living conditions, as well as many other people who saw this opportunity in the new capital's construction. In 1991, he reports his own trajectory to the researchers of the Public Archive of the Distrito Federal. To think about the subject of this narrative means to solve it while expression of social practices that were common on that space and also recognizes it like individualized experience on its own way to perceive and to tell the events.

Activity assays and immunoassays for plasma Renin and prorenin: information provided and precautions necessary for accurate measurement

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Campbell, Duncan J; Nussberger, Juerg; Stowasser, Michael

2009-01-01

into focus the differences in information provided by activity assays and immunoassays for renin and prorenin measurement and has drawn attention to the need for precautions to ensure their accurate measurement. CONTENT: Renin activity assays and immunoassays provide related but different information...... provided by these assays and of the precautions necessary to ensure their accuracy....

Nanoparticle-based sandwich electrochemical immunoassay for carbohydrate antigen 125 with signal enhancement using enzyme-coated nanometer-sized enzyme-doped silica beads.

Science.gov (United States)

Tang, Dianping; Su, Biling; Tang, Juan; Ren, Jingjing; Chen, Guonan

2010-02-15

A novel nanoparticle-based electrochemical immunoassay of carbohydrate antigen 125 (CA125) as a model was designed to couple with a microfluidic strategy using anti-CA125-functionalized magnetic beads as immunosensing probes. To construct the immunoassay, thionine-horseradish peroxidase conjugation (TH-HRP) was initially doped into nanosilica particles using the reverse micelle method, and then HRP-labeled anti-CA125 antibodies (HRP-anti-CA125) were bound onto the surface of the synthesized nanoparticles, which were used as recognition elements. Different from conventional nanoparticle-based electrochemical immunoassays, the recognition elements of the immunoassay simultaneously contained electron mediator and enzyme labels and simplified the electrochemical measurement process. The sandwich-type immunoassay format was used for the online formation of the immunocomplex in an incubation cell and captured in the detection cell with an external magnet. The electrochemical signals derived from the carried HRP toward the reduction of H(2)O(2) using the doped thionine as electron mediator. Under optimal conditions, the electrochemical immunoassay exhibited a wide working range from 0.1 to 450 U/mL with a detection limit of 0.1 U/mL CA125. The precision, reproducibility, and stability of the immunoassay were acceptable. The assay was evaluated for clinical serum samples, receiving in excellent accordance with results obtained from the standard enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) method. Concluding, the nanoparticle-based assay format provides a promising approach in clinical application and thus represents a versatile detection method.

IFSA: a microfluidic chip-platform for frit-based immunoassay protocols

Science.gov (United States)

Hlawatsch, Nadine; Bangert, Michael; Miethe, Peter; Becker, Holger; Gärtner, Claudia

2013-03-01

Point-of-care diagnostics (POC) is one of the key application fields for lab-on-a-chip devices. While in recent years much of the work has concentrated on integrating complex molecular diagnostic assays onto a microfluidic device, there is a need to also put comparatively simple immunoassay-type protocols on a microfluidic platform. In this paper, we present the development of a microfluidic cartridge using an immunofiltration approach. In this method, the sandwich immunoassay takes place in a porous frit on which the antibodies have immobilized. The device is designed to be able to handle three samples in parallel and up to four analytical targets per sample. In order to meet the critical cost targets for the diagnostic market, the microfluidic chip has been designed and manufactured using high-volume manufacturing technologies in mind. Validation experiments show comparable sensitivities in comparison with conventional immunofiltration kits.

Evaluation of four immunoassays for diagnosis of brucellosis in Cuba

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Peraza, C.; Valdes, O.; Fonseca, N.; Garcia, M.; Alvarez, M.; Izquierdo, D.L.

1998-01-01

Four immunoassays (two indirect and two competitive ones) were evaluated by samples from areas free of disease, free by vaccination and affected areas using as reference techniques the Bengal Rose Tests, the Antigen in Buffered Plate Tests and the Complement Fixation Reaction Test. The evaluated samples demonstrated that the competitive assays (ELISAC-1 and ELISAC-2) detected less false positives than the indirect ones (ELISAI-1 and ELISAI-2). Of the competitive ELISAS, version 2 presented better sensitivity and specificity results in affected areas for 95% confidence: 80.9 - 96.9% and 97.5 - 99.4% respectively with positive predictive value in the range of 76 to 94% and negative predictive one between 98.1 and 99.7%. It was concluded that this assay can be used for brucellosis control because it gives higher assurance than the other evaluated immunoassays and it can discriminate infected from vaccinated animals. (author)

Determination of digoxin by enzyme immunoassay and radioimmunoassay

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Mueller, H.; Braeuer, H.; Foerster, G.; Reinhardt, M.

1978-01-01

The results of parallel determinations of digoxin in the sera of non selected patients (n=104) by enzyme immunoassay (EMIT.EIA) and radioimmunoassay (J-125 labeled RIA) were compared with each other. The determinations revealed considerably different concentrations; the values determined by EIA were statistical lower (for EIA 1,09+'0,99ng/ml, for RIA 1,34+'1,01ng/ml, p [de

A study using an isotope probe comparing immunoassay with serology in detection of Brucella Abortus antibody

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Devlin, J.G.; Redington, F.; Stephenson, M.

1986-01-01

We report a comparison of radio-immunoassay with conventional serology in the detection of brucella abortus antibody from three laboratories. Overall agreement by Chi squared analysis is 5%. There are significant differences between laboratories and a significant number of sero negative suspect sera (from 20% - 60%) were positive by ratio-immunoassay test. We suspect that conventional serology under-reports the incidence of antibody to brucella abortus. (author)

Da família patriarcal à contemporânea. Entre o vellho e o novo: o surgimento dos novos arranjos familiares

OpenAIRE

Móas, Luciane da Costa

2012-01-01

O presente artigo propõe uma dupla abordagem da família levando em consideração o caráter socioantropológico e também histórico-evolutivo da legislação brasileira. Tem como objetivo interrogar a ideia de crise na ou da família em razão das mudanças verificadas em sua constituição: abandonou-se o modelo patriarcal, único existente no passado, que cedeu o passo aos modelos diversos, dos quais se originaram os novos arranjos familiares. O texto cuida da família como o fenômeno social que nos é m...

Relação família-escola: a experiência de uma escola pública da periferia de Salvador Ba

OpenAIRE

Janete dos Santos Reis

2013-01-01

A boa relação família-escola constitui elemento importante para o processo de formação integral da criança. A família, embora venha passando por transformações, continua sendo uma instituição fundamental e de base para o desenvolvimento do ser humano. A escola é um espaço privilegiado de socialização e transmissão de saberes. Ambas as instituições têm as suas especificidades e suas complementaridades. Assim, a presente dissertação de mestrado tem por objetivo analisar a relação família-escola...

A importância da família no tratamento do uso abusivo de drogas: uma revisão da literatura

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Schenker Miriam

2004-01-01

Full Text Available Este artigo apresenta uma revisão da literatura sobre as duas fases do tratamento do adicto e de sua família: o engajamento e o tratamento propriamente ditos. Ressalta, através de diversos estudos, a necessidade do adicto ser atendido juntamente com a sua família para um resultado satisfatório do tratamento. Aponta para questões socioculturais importantes que interferem no tratamento realizado em Instituições. Enfatiza que o tratamento do adicto e de sua família contribui para o entendimento e as bases de uma ação efetiva de prevenção.

A Novel Colorimetric Immunoassay Utilizing the Peroxidase Mimicking Activity of Magnetic Nanoparticles

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Hyun Gyu Park

2013-05-01

Full Text Available A simple colorimetric immunoassay system, based on the peroxidase mimicking activity of Fe3O4 magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs, has been developed to detect clinically important antigenic molecules. MNPs with ca. 10 nm in diameter were synthesized and conjugated with specific antibodies against target molecules, such as rotaviruses and breast cancer cells. Conjugation of the MNPs with antibodies (MNP-Abs enabled specific recognition of the corresponding target antigenic molecules through the generation of color signals arising from the colorimetric reaction between the selected peroxidase substrate, 3,3',5,5'-tetramethylbenzidine (TMB and H2O2. Based on the MNP-promoted colorimetric reaction, the target molecules were detected and quantified by measuring absorbance intensities corresponding to the oxidized form of TMB. Owing to the higher stabilities and economic feasibilities of MNPs as compared to horseradish peroxidase (HRP, the new colorimetric system employing MNP-Abs has the potential of serving as a potent immunoassay that should substitute for conventional HRP-based immunoassays. The strategy employed to develop the new methodology has the potential of being extended to the construction of simple diagnostic systems for a variety of biomolecules related to human cancers and infectious diseases, particularly in the realm of point-of-care applications.

Fast and sensitive detection of enteropathogenic Yersinia by immunoassays.

Science.gov (United States)

Laporte, Jérôme; Savin, Cyril; Lamourette, Patricia; Devilliers, Karine; Volland, Hervé; Carniel, Elisabeth; Créminon, Christophe; Simon, Stéphanie

2015-01-01

Yersinia enterocolitica and Yersinia pseudotuberculosis, the two Yersinia species that are enteropathogenic for humans, are distributed worldwide and frequently cause diarrhea in inhabitants of temperate and cold countries. Y. enterocolitica is a major cause of foodborne disease resulting from consumption of contaminated pork meat and is further associated with substantial economic cost. However, investigation of enteropathogenic Yersinia species is infrequently performed routinely in clinical laboratories because of their specific growth characteristics, which make difficult their isolation from stool samples. Moreover, current isolation procedures are time-consuming and expensive, thus leading to underestimates of the incidence of enteric yersiniosis, inappropriate prescriptions of antibiotic treatments, and unnecessary appendectomies. The main objective of the study was to develop fast, sensitive, specific, and easy-to-use immunoassays, useful for both human and veterinary diagnosis. Monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) directed against Y. enterocolitica bioserotypes 2/O:9 and 4/O:3 and Y. pseudotuberculosis serotypes I and III were produced. Pairs of MAbs were selected by testing their specificity and affinity for enteropathogenic Yersinia and other commonly found enterobacteria. Pairs of MAbs were selected to develop highly sensitive enzyme immunoassays (EIAs) and lateral flow immunoassays (LFIs or dipsticks) convenient for the purpose of rapid diagnosis. The limit of detection of the EIAs ranged from 3.2 × 10(3) CFU/ml to 8.8 × 10(4) CFU/ml for pathogenic serotypes I and III of Y. pseudotuberculosis and pathogenic bioserotypes 2/O:9 and 4/O:3 of Y. enterocolitica and for the LFIs ranged from 10(5) CFU/ml to 10(6) CFU/ml. A similar limit of detection was observed for artificially contaminated human feces. Copyright © 2015, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.

Kinase Activity Studied in Living Cells Using an Immunoassay

Science.gov (United States)

Bavec, Aljos?a

2014-01-01

This laboratory exercise demonstrates the use of an immunoassay for studying kinase enzyme activity in living cells. The advantage over the classical method, in which students have to isolate the enzyme from cell material and measure its activity in vitro, is that enzyme activity is modulated and measured in living cells, providing a more…

Comparison of infrared-excited up-converting phosphors and europium nanoparticles as labels in a two-site immunoassay

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Ukonaho, Telle; Rantanen, Terhi; Jaemsen, Laura; Kuningas, Katri; Paekkilae, Henna; Loevgren, Timo; Soukka, Tero

2007-01-01

Research in the field of immunoassays and labels used in the detection has been recently focused on particulate reporters, which possess very high specific activity that excludes the label as a sensitivity limiting factor. However, the large size and shape of the particulate labels may produce additional problems to immunoassay performance. The aim of this work was to study with two identical non-competitive two-site immunoassays whether up-converting phosphor (UCP) particles are comparable in performance with europium(III) chelate-dyed nanoparticles as particulate labels. In addition we strived to verify the common assumption of the photostability of up-converting phosphor particles supporting their potential applicability in imaging. Detection limits in two-site immunoassay for free prostate-specific antigen (free-PSA) were 0.53 ng L -1 and 1.3 ng L -1 using two different up-converting phosphors and 0.16 ng L -1 using europium(III) nanoparticle. Large size distribution and non-specific binding of up-converting phosphor particles caused assay variation in low analyte concentrations and limited the analytical detection limit. The non-specific binding was the major factor limiting the analytical sensitivity of the immunoassay. The results suggests the need for nanoscaled and uniformely sized UCP-particles to increace the sensitivity and applicability of up-converting phosphor particles. Anti-Stokes photoluminescence of up-converting phosphor particles did not photobleach when measured repeatedly, on the contrary, the time-resolved fluorescence of europium nanoparticles photobleached relatively rapidly

Immunoassay for Capsular Antigen of Bacillus anthracis Enables Rapid Diagnosis in a Rabbit Model of Inhalational Anthrax.

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Marcellene A Gates-Hollingsworth

Full Text Available Inhalational anthrax is a serious biothreat. Effective antibiotic treatment of inhalational anthrax requires early diagnosis; the further the disease has progressed, the less the likelihood for cure. Current means for diagnosis such as blood culture require several days to a result and require advanced laboratory infrastructure. An alternative approach to diagnosis is detection of a Bacillus anthracis antigen that is shed into blood and can be detected by rapid immunoassay. The goal of the study was to evaluate detection of poly-γ-D-glutamic acid (PGA, the capsular antigen of B. anthracis, as a biomarker surrogate for blood culture in a rabbit model of inhalational anthrax. The mean time to a positive blood culture was 26 ± 5.7 h (mean ± standard deviation, whereas the mean time to a positive ELISA was 22 ± 4.2 h; P = 0.005 in comparison with blood culture. A lateral flow immunoassay was constructed for detection of PGA in plasma at concentrations of less than 1 ng PGA/ml. Use of the lateral flow immunoassay for detection of PGA in the rabbit model found that antigen was detected somewhat earlier than the earliest time point at which the blood culture became positive. The low cost, ease of use, and rapid time to result of the lateral flow immunoassay format make an immunoassay for PGA a viable surrogate for blood culture for detection of infection in individuals who have a likelihood of exposure to B. anthracis.

Análise da contribuição do Programa Bolsa Família para o enfrentamento da pobreza e a autonomia dos sujeitos beneficiários

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Maurício Gregianin Testa

2013-12-01

Full Text Available Esta pesquisa reflete sobre a contribuição do Programa Bolsa Família (PBF para o enfrentamento da pobreza e uma maior autonomia dos sujeitos beneficiários. Foram coletados dados quantitativos com 103 famílias beneficiárias, complementados com entrevistas qualitativas com profissionais e famílias. Entre as formas de privação (educação, saúde, trabalho e renda etc., a educação mostrou-se o aspecto de privação que obteve os melhores resultados na percepção das famílias na busca da autonomia. A participação em atividades de apoio social tem efeito direto na percepção de melhoria da situação da família; entretanto, a participação das famílias mostrou-se incipiente. Essas atividades contribuem para o desenvolvimento da autonomia e podem ser compreendidas como o principal mecanismo do programa para as pessoas encontrarem as "portas de saída".

Massively multi-parametric immunoassays using ICPMS

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Tanner, S.D.; Ornatsky, O.; Bandura, D.R.; Baranov, V.I.

2009-01-01

The use of stable isotopes as tags in immunoassays, and their determination by ICPMS, is poised to have a huge impact on multi-parametric bioanalysis. A new technology, which we term 'mass cytometry', enables high throughput, highly multiplexed individual cell analysis. Preliminary results for T-cell immunophenotyping in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC), agonist influence on concomitant phosphorylation pathways, and sub-classification of acute myeloid leukemia patients' samples will be presented. The significance of individual cell analysis is demonstrated by the identification of populations of rogue cells in PBMC samples through the use of multidimensional neural network cluster analysis. (author)

False biochemical diagnosis of hyperthyroidism in streptavidin-biotin-based immunoassays: the problem of biotin intake and related interferences.

Science.gov (United States)

Piketty, Marie-Liesse; Polak, Michel; Flechtner, Isabelle; Gonzales-Briceño, Laura; Souberbielle, Jean-Claude

2017-05-01

Immunoassays are now commonly used for hormone measurement, in high throughput analytical platforms. Immunoassays are generally robust to interference. However, endogenous analytical error may occur in some patients; this may be encountered in biotin supplementation or in the presence of anti-streptavidin antibody, in immunoassays involving streptavidin-biotin interaction. In these cases, the interference may induce both false positive and false negative results, and simulate a seemingly coherent hormonal profile. It is to be feared that this type of errors will be more frequently observed. This review underlines the importance of keeping close interactions between biologists and clinicians to be able to correlate the hormonal assay results with the clinical picture.

Efeitos do Programa Bolsa Família na fecundidade das beneficiárias

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Patrícia Simões

2012-12-01

Full Text Available Procuramos verificar se o Programa Bolsa Família contribui para aumentar a fecundidade entre as beneficiárias, visto que o aumento no tamanho da família, até certo limite, leva ao aumento dos benefícios. Utilizamos um modelo de contagem no qual testamos e tratamos a possibilidade de endogeneidade da variável de política por dois métodos distintos (dois-estágios estilo Heckman e GMM, além de incluir diversos cofatores da PNDS (2006. Os resultados mostram que o PBF não apresentou este efeito, pelo menos no início do programa. Pelo contrário, beneficiárias pareciam mais inclinadas a trocar quantidade por qualidade do que não beneficiárias elegíveis ao programa.

Targeted selected reaction monitoring mass spectrometric immunoassay for insulin-like growth factor 1.

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Eric E Niederkofler

Full Text Available Insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF1 is an important biomarker of human growth disorders that is routinely analyzed in clinical laboratories. Mass spectrometry-based workflows offer a viable alternative to standard IGF1 immunoassays, which utilize various pre-analytical preparation strategies. In this work we developed an assay that incorporates a novel sample preparation method for dissociating IGF1 from its binding proteins. The workflow also includes an immunoaffinity step using antibody-derivatized pipette tips, followed by elution, trypsin digestion, and LC-MS/MS separation and detection of the signature peptides in a selected reaction monitoring (SRM mode. The resulting quantitative mass spectrometric immunoassay (MSIA exhibited good linearity in the range of 1 to 1,500 ng/mL IGF1, intra- and inter-assay precision with CVs of less than 10%, and lowest limits of detection of 1 ng/mL. The linearity and recovery characteristics of the assay were also established, and the new method compared to a commercially available immunoassay using a large cohort of human serum samples. The IGF1 SRM MSIA is well suited for use in clinical laboratories.

In vitro conditions modify immunoassayability of bovine pituitary prolactin and growth hormone: insights into their secretory granule storage forms

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Lorenson, M.Y.

1985-01-01

The amount of immunoassayable intracellular bovine (b) PRL and GH varies depending on treatment conditions. The present studies were designed to characterize the mechanisms involved and to compare immunoassayability of both hormones under similar conditions. Pituitary homogenate and secretory granule hormones displayed both time- and temperature-dependent increases when incubated at pH 10.5 with reduced glutathione. Changes in immunoassayability seem to reflect conversion from poorly immunoactive tissue hormone oligomers to monomeric hormone. The data indicate that oligomeric bPRL is stabilized primarily by intermolecular disulfide bonds, although it is also susceptible to urea, SDS, and EDTA; granule thiols may also influence the conversion to monomer. The storage form of bGH appears to be stabilized differently. Maneuvers demonstrated in these studies to influence immunoassayability correlate very well with their previously established effects on hormone release and secretion, strengthening the likelihood that a functional link exists between assayability and secretion

340 nm pulsed UV LED system for europium-based time-resolved fluorescence detection of immunoassays

OpenAIRE

Rodenko, Olga; Fodgaard, Henrik; Tidemand-Lichtenberg, Peter; Petersen, Paul Michael; Pedersen, Christian

2016-01-01

We report on the design, development and investigation of an optical system based on UV light emitting diode (LED) excitation at 340 nm for time-resolved fluorescence detection of immunoassays. The system was tested to measure cardiac marker Troponin I with a concentration of 200 ng/L in immunoassay. The signal-to-noise ratio was comparable to state-of-the-art Xenon flash lamp based unit with equal excitation energy and without overdriving the LED. We performed a comparative study of the flas...

The LIKE system, a novel protein expression toolbox for Bacillus subtilis based on the liaI promoter

Science.gov (United States)

2012-01-01

Background Bacillus subtilis is a very important Gram-positive model organism of high biotechnological relevance, which is widely used as a host for the production of both secreted and cytoplasmic proteins. We developed a novel and efficient expression system, based on the liaI promoter (PliaI) from B. subtilis, which is under control of the LiaRS antibiotic-inducible two-component system. In the absence of a stimulus, this promoter is kept tightly inactive. Upon induction by cell wall antibiotics, it shows an over 100-fold increase in activity within 10 min. Results Based on these traits of PliaI, we developed a novel LiaRS-controlled gene expression system for B. subtilis (the “LIKE" system). Two expression vectors, the integrative pLIKE-int and the replicative pLIKE-rep, were constructed. To enhance the performance of the PliaI-derived system, site-directed mutagenesis was employed to optimize the ribosome binding site and alter its spacing to the initiation codon used for the translational fusion. The impact of these genetic modifications on protein production yield was measured using GFP as a model protein. Moreover, a number of tailored B. subtilis expression strains containing different markerless chromosomal deletions of the liaIH region were constructed to circumvent undesired protein production, enhance the positive autoregulation of the LiaRS system and thereby increase target gene expression strength from the PliaI promoter. Conclusions The LIKE protein expression system is a novel protein expression system, which offers a number of advantages over existing systems. Its major advantages are (i) a tightly switched-off promoter during exponential growth in the absence of a stimulus, (ii) a concentration-dependent activation of PliaI in the presence of suitable inducers, (iii) a very fast but transient response with a very high dynamic range of over 100-fold (up to 1,000-fold) induction, (iv) a choice from a range of well-defined, commercially available

Levantamento de dípteros de interesse forense em uma área de cerrado em Brasília - doi: 10.5102/ucs.v8i1.1055

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Rodrigo César da Silva Castro

2010-10-01

Full Text Available A entomologia forense é a ciência que utiliza os conhecimentos sobre os insetos como ferramenta para solucionar casos em vários países. O presente estudo consistiu em analisar a frequência de coleta de famílias de dípteros de interesse forense em um fragmento de Cerrado. Foi utilizado um sistema de armadilhas suspensas a 1,5 m de altura do solo feito a partir de garrafas plásticas recicláveis, contendo isca de carne bovina em decomposição durante 26 dias. Após 60 dias de coletas, indivíduos das famílias Calliphoridae, Sarcophagidae, Muscidae e Uliididae foram identificados e a frequência de ocorrência dessas famílias foi estabelecida. Observou-se maior frequência de coleta de indivíduos das famílias Calliphoridae e Muscidae durante os primeiros 26 dias de experimento. Após esse período, as famílias Sarcophagidae e Uliididae começaram a aparecer em maior número. Dessa forma, foi possível estabelecer uma frequência de ocorrência de quatro famílias de dípteros em função de uma maior atratividade da isca em decomposição em um fragmento de Cerrado de Brasília.

Violência e abuso sexual na família Violence and sexual abuse within the family

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Maria de Fátima Araújo

2002-12-01

Full Text Available Trata-se de relato de experiência de supervisão e atendimento de famílias que sofreram violência intrafamiliar, encaminhadas para atendimento psicológico após denúncia ou suspeita de abuso sexual infantil cometido por parentes próximos. O texto examina essa experiência à luz de reflexões surgidas nessa prática, diante dos conflitos, impasses e dificuldades vividos por profissionais e famílias envolvidos no problema. A abordagem de intervenção aqui proposta tem três características principais: 1 baseia-se no enfoque psicossocial 2 propõe o atendimento familiar conjunto, envolvendo toda a família, inclusive o agressor; e, 3introduz a perspectiva de gênero, fator historicamente preponderante na construção de relações de violência e dominação-exploração dentro da família.This article reports on the experience of supervising and providing care to families who have experienced intra-family violence and who were referred to psychological care following suspicion or denouncement of child sexual abuse committed by close relatives. It reviews this experience in the light of reflections arising from the practice in view of the conflicts, impasses and difficulties faced by professionals and families concerned. The type of intervention proposed here has three major characteristics: 1 it is based on a psychosocial approach 2 it proposes a family group treatment including the assailant and 3 it introduces the gender perspective, a historically prevailing factor in the construction of violence and domination/exploitation relationships within the family.

Nanobody-based electrochemical immunoassay for Bacillus thuringiensis Cry1Ab toxin by detecting the enzymatic formation of polyaniline

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Zhu, Min; Li, Guanghui; Li, Min; Zhou, Zikai; Liu, Hong; Lei, Hongtao; Shen, Yanfei; Wan, Yakun

2015-01-01

We describe an electrochemical immunoassay for the Cry1Ab toxin that is produced by Bacillus thuringiensis. It is making use of a nanobody (a heavy-chain only antibody) that was selected from an immune phage displayed library. A biotinylated primary nanobody and a HRP-conjugated secondary nanobody were applied in a sandwich immunoassay where horseradish peroxidase (HRP) is used to produce polyaniline (PANI) from aniline. PANI can be easily detected by differential pulse voltammetry at a working voltage as low as 40 mV (vs. Ag/AgCl) which makes the assay fairly selective. This immunoassay for Cry1Ab has an analytical range from 0.1 to 1000 ng∙mL -1 and a 0.07 ng∙mL -1 lower limit of detection. The average recoveries of the toxin from spiked samples are in the range from 102 to 114 %, with a relative standard deviation of <7.5 %. The results demonstrated that the assay represented an attractive alternative to existing immunoassays in enabling affordable, sensitive, robust and specific determination of this toxin. (author)

Configurações Subjetivas de Famílias em Litígio pela Guarda dos Filhos

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Vannúzia Leal Andrade Peres

Full Text Available O artigo objetiva contribuir para a compreensão do litígio como produção subjetiva das famílias. Fundado na epistemologia qualitativa e na teoria cultural-histórica da subjetividade, o estudo sobre o problema incluiu ex-cônjuges com idades entre 30 e 50 e seus filhos de 5 a 20 anos. A análise construtivo-interpretativa dos resultados permite apresentar indicadores de sentido de que as ações dos membros das famílias para a manutenção, ou não, do litígio são orientadas por suas configurações subjetivas ou conjunto de emoções e processos simbólicos que integram seus sistemas de personalidade. Conclui-se que a realização de perícia psicológica sobre o litígio deve levar em conta, entre outros aspectos, as realidades subjetivas das famílias e a necessidade de produzirem novos sentidos em relação a ele para se posicionarem e resolverem o problema.

Itinerário percorrido pelas famílias de crianças internadas em um hospital escola

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Kézia de Oliveira

2014-01-01

Full Text Available Estudo exploratório, descritivo, de abordagem qualitativa, desenvolvido com o objetivo de conhecer o itinerário percorrido pela família da criança internada em unidade hospitalar. Os dados foram coletados na unidade de internação pediátrica do Hospital Universitário Regional de Maringá (HUM, por meio de entrevistas semi-estruturadas junto aos acompanhantes, posteriormente submetidos a análise de conteúdo, originando duas categorias: O papel da família na identificação de desvios de saúde na criança, e o (Despreparo dos serviços de saúde: impactos sobre o atendimento à saúde infantil. Constatou-se a conduta expectante da família frente à doença infantil, com busca de meios alternativos e procura tardia dos serviços de saúde. Esses, por sua vez, apresentam lacunas no percurso de atendimento, do diagnóstico ao tratamento, gerando estresse familiar e aumentando as possibilidades de agravo do quadro clínico da criança.

Reciclando a Tropicália: Tom Zé e o lixo lógico

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Paula Oliveira Campos Augusto

2015-06-01

Full Text Available http://dx.doi.org/10.5007/2176-8552.2016n20p111 Este artigo tem como objetivo apresentar e analisar a tese de Tom Zé sobre a Tropicália, presente em seu disco Tropicália lixo lógico, lançado em 2012. Primeiramente, destacam-se duas características importantes da música popular brasileira, que ajudam a entender a possibilidade de um disco--tese: além de ser definida como um “campo dialogal” (1, a música popular brasileira é dotada de uma “malha de permeabilidades”, pelo modo como a alta cultura se cruza com produções populares, tendo como resultado a “leveza” (2. Em seu álbum, Tom Zé não apenas assume o protagonismo da interpretação da Tropicália, mas, também, desloca a antropofagia do centro interpretativo dessa manifestação artística e cultural brasileira. Nesse sentido, o disco é compreendido, levando-se em conta tanto seus aspectos físicos quanto simbólicos, a partir do que Walter Moser denomina de reciclagem cultural, uma vez que Tom Zé processa a inclusão de “restos” e “dejetos” no espaço cultural e artístico. Ademais, com a reciclagem do lixo lógico, o espaço hegemônico incorpora materiais culturais de outras procedências, colocando-os em diálogo.

Physics design for the measurement of the ionic emission generated by 12 MeV LIA X-ray converter target

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Yu Haijun; Long Jidong; Shi Jinshui

2002-01-01

Linear induction accelerator (LIA) is expected to generated small diameter x-ray spots with high intensity. The interaction of the electron beam with ions generated at the x-ray converter will make the spot on target increase with time and debase the x-ray dose and the imaging resolving power. The diagnostic methods of ion produced at 12 MeV LIA including faraday cup, sheet diagnostic apparatus and the multiframing interferometer are introduced in the paper

Correlations between calcineurin phosphatase inhibition and cyclosporine metabolites concentrations in kidney transplant recipients: Implications for immunoassays

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Jørgensen, Kaj Anker; Karamperis, Nikolaos; Koefoed-Nielsen, Pernille Bundgaard

2006-01-01

by inhibiting the enzyme calcineurin phosphatase. Determination of the enzyme's activity is one of the most promising pharmacodynamic markers. It is unknown how calcineurin phosphatase inhibition correlates with various cyclosporine monitoring assays and what is the potential impact of metabolites...... by the enzyme multiplied immunoassay technique (EMIT) and by the polyclonal fluorescence polarization immunoassay (pFPIA). Calcineurin phosphatase activity was measured by its ability to dephosphorylate a previously phosphorylated 19-amino acid peptide. We found that calcineurin phosphatase inhibition...

Correlations between calcineurin phosphatase inhibition and cyclosporine metabolites concentrations in kidney transplant recipients: implications for immunoassays

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Karamperis, N; Koefoed-Nielsen, PB; Brahe, P

2006-01-01

by inhibiting the enzyme calcineurin phosphatase. Determination of the enzyme's activity is one of the most promising pharmacodynamic markers. It is unknown how calcineurin phosphatase inhibition correlates with various cyclosporine monitoring assays and what is the potential impact of metabolites...... by the enzyme multiplied immunoassay technique (EMIT) and by the polyclonal fluorescence polarization immunoassay (pFPIA). Calcineurin phosphatase activity was measured by its ability to dephosphorylate a previously phosphorylated 19-amino acid peptide. We found that calcineurin phosphatase inhibition...

Gerações e famílias: Polissemia, mudanças históricas e mobilidade

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Parry Scott

2010-08-01

Full Text Available Uma revisão selecionada da literatura nacional e internacional sobre família e gerações mostra como transformações nas relações de poder entre nações favorecem ênfases históricas diferentes de hierarquia, solidariedade, desigualdade e direitos. Quando se refere à família para embasar identidades e relações entre nações e povos, ela se relaciona com o "enquadramento hierárquico" e a "integração, padronização e incorporação". Evolucionismo, personalidade e cultura, estrutura-funcionalismo e urbanização e modernização realçam hierarquias, unificação e estabilidade, restringindo a discussão de gerações a cumprir uma agenda semelhante. Quando se refere à família como meio de resistência contra a desigualdade, discutem-se "modos de produção, contenção de pobreza e planejamento reprodutivo" e abre mais espaço para a discussão de gerações como grupos etários desiguais, apartes, com interesses próprios. Esta abordagem intensifica-se com o realce à pluralidade e fragmentação da família no mundo global, permitindo que gerações recebam tratamento como grupos com iguais direitos à diversidade com culturas próprias, parcialmente dissociadas de famílias. Discute-se como migração e mobilidade se articulam diferentemente diante da ambiguidade e polissemia de relações intergeracionais e família.A selected review of national and international literature about family and generations shows how changes in power relations among nations favor different historical emphases on hierachy, solidarity, inequality and rights. When family is referred to as a basis for national or group identities, it does so from the perspective of "hierarchical inclusion" and of "integration, patterning and incorporation". Evolutionism, personality and culture, structural-functionalism, urbanization and modernization, emphasize hierarchies, unity and stability, restricting generations to a similar agenda. When family is referred to

A experiência da família ao conviver com a família doença crônica da criança The family experience of living with the child's chronic illness

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Elaine Buchhorn Cintra Damião

2001-03-01

Full Text Available Esta pesquisa objetivou compreender como a família vivencia os períodos de dificuldades impostos pela doença crônica da criança. Utilizou-se como método de pesquisa a Teoria Fundamentada nos Dados e como referencial teórico o Interacionismo Simbólico. Foram entrevistadas famílias de crianças com doença crônica, fibrose cística do pâncreas e diabetes, possibilitando desvelar o processo vivenciado e o significado atribuído pela família a sua experiência. Os dados foram analisados até a fase de categorização dos significados, tendo emergido o fenômeno: "Sendo Difícil Não Ter Controle".This research has focused on the family meaning of having a child with chronic illness. The Grounded Theory and the Symbolic Interactionism were employed as research method and theoretical approach respectively. The interviews involved families with children diagnosed as having a chronic disease, cystic fibrosis and diabetes, aiming to study the way the family copes with this situation, and the meaning giving by the family to this experience. Data were analyzed until the phase of categorizing and the phenomenon disclosed was: "Being hard not to have control".

Aequorin fusion proteins as bioluminescent tracers for competitive immunoassays

Science.gov (United States)

Mirasoli, Mara; Michelini, Elisa; Deo, Sapna K.; Dikici, Emre; Roda, Aldo; Daunert, Sylvia

2004-06-01

The use of bio- and chemiluminescence for the development of quantitative binding assays offers undoubted advantages over other detection systems, such as spectrophotometry, fluorescence, or radioactivity. Indeed, bio- and chemiluminescence detection provides similar, or even better, sensitivity and detectability than radioisotopes, while avoiding the problems of health hazards, waste disposal, and instability associated with the use of radioisotopes. Among bioluminescent labels, the calcium-activated photoprotein aequorin, originally isolated from Aequorea victoria and today available as a recombinant product, is characterized by very high detectability, down to attomole levels. It has been used as a bioluminescent label for developing a variety of highly sensitive immunoassays, using various analyte-aequorin conjugation strategies. When the analyte is a protein or a peptide, genetic engineering techniques can be used to produce protein fusions where the analyte is in-frame fused with aequorin, thus producing homogeneous one-to-one conjugation products, available in virtually unlimited amount. Various assays were developed using this strategy: a short review of the most interesting applications is presented, as well as the cloning, purification and initial characterization of an endothelin-1-aequorin conjugate suitable for developing a competitive immunoassay for endothelin-1, a potent vasoconstrictor peptide, involved in hypertension.

Detection of alpha-fetoprotein in magnetic immunoassay of thin channels using biofunctional nanoparticles

Science.gov (United States)

Tsai, H. Y.; Gao, B. Z.; Yang, S. F.; Li, C. S.; Fuh, C. Bor

2014-01-01

This paper presents the use of fluorescent biofunctional nanoparticles (10-30 nm) to detect alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) in a thin-channel magnetic immunoassay. We used an AFP model biomarker and s-shaped deposition zones to test the proposed detection method. The results show that the detection using fluorescent biofunctional nanoparticle has a higher throughput than that of functional microparticle used in previous experiments on affinity reactions. The proposed method takes about 3 min (versus 150 min of previous method) to detect 100 samples. The proposed method is useful for screening biomarkers in clinical applications, and can reduce the run time for sandwich immunoassays to less than 20 min. The detection limits (0.06 pg/ml) and linear ranges (0.068 pg/ml-0.68 ng/ml) of AFP using fluorescent biofunctional nanoparticles are the same as those of using functional microparticles within experimental errors. This detection limit is substantially lower and the linear range is considerably wider than those of enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and other methods in sandwich immunoassay methods. The differences between this method and an ELISA in AFP measurements of serum samples were less than 12 %. The proposed method provides simple, fast, and sensitive detection with a high throughput for biomarkers.

Trace-level mercury ion (Hg2+) analysis in aqueous sample based on solid-phase extraction followed by microfluidic immunoassay.

Science.gov (United States)

Date, Yasumoto; Aota, Arata; Terakado, Shingo; Sasaki, Kazuhiro; Matsumoto, Norio; Watanabe, Yoshitomo; Matsue, Tomokazu; Ohmura, Naoya

2013-01-02

Mercury is considered the most important heavy-metal pollutant, because of the likelihood of bioaccumulation and toxicity. Monitoring widespread ionic mercury (Hg(2+)) contamination requires high-throughput and cost-effective methods to screen large numbers of environmental samples. In this study, we developed a simple and sensitive analysis for Hg(2+) in environmental aqueous samples by combining a microfluidic immunoassay and solid-phase extraction (SPE). Using a microfluidic platform, an ultrasensitive Hg(2+) immunoassay, which yields results within only 10 min and with a lower detection limit (LOD) of 0.13 μg/L, was developed. To allow application of the developed immunoassay to actual environmental aqueous samples, we developed an ion-exchange resin (IER)-based SPE for selective Hg(2+) extraction from an ion mixture. When using optimized SPE conditions, followed by the microfluidic immunoassay, the LOD of the assay was 0.83 μg/L, which satisfied the guideline values for drinking water suggested by the United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) (2 μg/L; total mercury), and the World Health Organisation (WHO) (6 μg/L; inorganic mercury). Actual water samples, including tap water, mineral water, and river water, which had been spiked with trace levels of Hg(2+), were well-analyzed by SPE, followed by microfluidic Hg(2+) immunoassay, and the results agreed with those obtained from reduction vaporizing-atomic adsorption spectroscopy.

Focus and coverage of Bolsa Família Program in the Pelotas 2004 birth cohort.

Science.gov (United States)

Schmidt, Kelen H; Labrecque, Jeremy; Santos, Iná S; Matijasevich, Alicia; Barros, Fernando C; Barros, Aluisio J D

2017-03-30

To describe the focalization and coverage of Bolsa Família Program among the families of children who are part of the 2004 Pelotas birth cohort (2004 cohort). The data used derives from the integration of information from the 2004 cohort and the Cadastro Único para Programas Sociais do Governo Federal (CadÚnico - Register for Social Programs of the Federal Government), in the 2004-2010 period. We estimated the program coverage (percentage of eligible people who receive the benefit) and its focus (proportion of eligible people among the beneficiaries). We used two criteria to define eligibility: the per capita household income reported in the cohort follow-ups and belonging to the 20% poorest families according to the National Economic Indicator (IEN), an asset index. Between 2004 and 2010, the proportion of families in the cohort that received the benefit increased from 11% to 34%. We observed an increase in all wealth quintiles. In 2010, by income and wealth quintiles (IEN), 62%-72% of the families were beneficiaries among the 20% poorest people, 2%-5% among the 20% richest people, and about 30% of families of the intermediate quintile. According to household income (minus the benefit) 29% of families were eligible in 2004 and 16% in 2010. By the same criteria, the coverage of the program increased from 43% in 2004 to 71% in 2010. In the same period, by the wealth criterion (IEN), coverage increased from 29% to 63%. The focalization of the program decreased from 78% in 2004 to 32% in 2010 according to income, and remained constant (37%) according to the IEN. Among the families of the 2004 cohort, there was a significant increase in the program coverage, from its inception until 2010, when it was near 70%. The focus of the program was below 40% in 2010, indicating that more than half of the beneficiaries did not belong to the target population. Descrever a focalização e a cobertura do Programa Bolsa Família nas famílias de crianças que fazem parte da coorte

An enzyme immunoassay to quantify neurofilament light chain in cerebrospinal fluid.

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Geel, W.J.A. van; Rosengren, L.E.; Verbeek, M.M.

2005-01-01

Neurofilament light chain is a component of the axonal cytoskeleton. The concentration of the neurofilament light chain in cerebrospinal fluid may reflect axonal damage or the extent of white matter damage. In this study we describe a sensitive immunoassay for the detection of neurofilament light

IMMUNOASSAY METHOD FOR THE DETERMINATION OF PENTACHLOROPHENOL IN SOIL AND SEDIMENT

Science.gov (United States)

The journal article describes the use of a prototype immunoassay method for the determination of pentacholorphenol (PCP) in soil and sediment. PCP was used as a pesticide and wood preservative and is not currently available to the general public. The paper stresses the importan...

PROGRAMA DE ATENÇÃO INTEGRAL À FAMÍLIA: INTERNATO EXTENSIONISTA - A EXPERIÊNCIA DA UFRJ

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Ana Inês Sousa

2006-12-01

Full Text Available O programa de Atenção Integral à Família: Internato Extensionista tem como objetivo desenvolver atividades de ensino, extensão e pesquisa em municípios do interior do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, por meio da inserção de estudantes de graduação no atendimento de atenção primária de saúde e Programa de Saúde da Família, como forma de ampliar o processo de interiorização da UFRJ, particularmente as Unidades Acadêmicas da área da saúde. No momento, envolve a participação de docentes, técnicos e estudantes de Graduação em Enfermagem, Farmácia e Nutrição. A atuação dos estudantes nos municípios vem ocorrendo desde o segundo semestre de 2004, de forma contínua, por um período de 2 a 3 meses. As atividades englobam o atendimento nas unidades de saúde de atenção básica, Programa de Saúde da Família e Programa Agentes Comunitários de Saúde, bem como ações de planejamento, gestão, avaliação e ações de fortalecimento do controle social no município. O programa vem contribuindo para a melhoria da qualidade da atenção básica á saúde das famílias, estabelecendo uma nova relação da universidade com os municípios, propiciando a formação de profissionais voltada para a realidade do Sistema Único de Saúde, conduzindo à reflexão permanente sobre sua formação e contribuindo para o desenvolvimento dos municípios participantes.

Adília Lopes and Sylvia Plath: a body in difference

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Ana Beatriz Affonso Penna

2017-06-01

Full Text Available This article intends to discuss the works of the poets Adília Lopes and Sylvia Plath based upon the relations between body and writing, with focus on gender issues. For this discussion, Henri Bergson’s and Gilbert Simondon’s reflections on the notion of image will be employed.--- DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.22409/abriluff.2017n18a391

Chemiluminescence enzyme immunoassay based on magnetic nanoparticles for detection of hepatocellular carcinoma marker glypican-3

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Qian-Yun Zhang

2011-08-01

Full Text Available Glypican-3 (GPC3 is reported as a great promising tumor marker for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC diagnosis. Highly sensitive and accurate analysis of serum GPC3 (sGPC3, in combination with or instead of traditional HCC marker alpha-fetoprotein (AFP, is essential for early diagnosis of HCC. Biomaterial-functionalized magnetic particles have been utilized as solid supports with good biological compatibility for sensitive immunoassay. Here, the magnetic nanoparticles (MnPs and magnetic microparticles (MmPs with carboxyl groups were further modified with streptavidin, and applied for the development of chemiluminescence enzyme immunoassay (CLEIA. After comparing between MnPs- and MmPs-based CLEIA, MnPs-based CLEIA was proved to be a better method with less assay time, greater sensitivity, better linearity and longer chemiluminescence platform. MnPs-based CLEIA was applied for detection of sGPC3 in normal liver, hepatocirrhosis, secondary liver cancer and HCC serum samples. The results indicated that sGPC3 was effective in diagnosis of HCC with high performance. Keywords: Magnetic nanoparticle, Magnetic microparticle, Chemiluminescence enzyme immunoassay, Glypican-3, Hepatocellular carcinoma

L'opposition ville-campagne au contact de l'hybridité dans Lélia de George Sand

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Salah J. Khan

2011-01-01

Full Text Available In Lélia (1833, a formally hybrid and remarkably sustained exploration of pas-sion, faith, and skepticism, Sand challenges her own normative binary distinctions between urban excitement and pastoral calm. Through a consideration of the existential experience, the psychological effect, and the metaphysical meaning of living life too quickly, Lélia demonstrates that passions, when poorly extinguished, can reignite even in the calmest of settings, while the thirst for wisdom and the power of self-reflection can resurface in the midst of cosmopolitan courtesan life-style. The city thus represents more than the locus of urgency, contingency, and action; and the countryside serves as more than the haven for measured thought, retired activity, and deeper wisdom.

Immunoassay for thymopoietin

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Goldstein, G.

1979-01-01

The patent describes the development of a radio-immunoassay for thymopoietin in biological samples. The method of raising antibodies to this polypeptide hormone is described. This is achieved by injecting a host animal with an antigen consisting of thymopoietin covalently bonded by glutaraldehyde to a carrier protein such as bovine serum albumin and equine globulin. Different methods of radiolabelling thymopoietin with 125 I for use as the tracer antigen are described. The Bolton-Hunter procedure was preferred to the chloramine-T method since direct iodination of the tyrosyl moieties of thymopoietin resulted in some loss of immunoreactivity. Systems for separating the antigen-antibody complex and unbound antigen are compared. Binding-inhibition curves for unlabelled thymopoietin in the assay employing polyethylene glycol separation showed a sensitivity of 5 ng thymopoietin/ml. However, using the double antibody or dextran coated charcoal separation techniques, the sensitivity of thymopoietin was 0.1 ng/ml. Thus these latter two procedures are thus especially suitable for measuring thymopoietin levels in serum or plasma samples. The assay was shown to be specific for thymopoietin, no significant displacement being produced by control polypeptides. (U.K.)

Clinical prediction and diagnosis of neurosyphilis in HIV-infected patients with early Syphilis.

Science.gov (United States)

Dumaresq, Jeannot; Langevin, Stéphanie; Gagnon, Simon; Serhir, Bouchra; Deligne, Benoît; Tremblay, Cécile; Tsang, Raymond S W; Fortin, Claude; Coutlée, François; Roger, Michel

2013-12-01

The diagnosis of neurosyphilis (NS) is a challenge, especially in HIV-infected patients, and the criteria for deciding when to perform a lumbar puncture (LP) in HIV-infected patients with syphilis are controversial. We retrospectively reviewed demographic, clinical, and laboratory data from 122 cases of HIV-infected patients with documented early syphilis who underwent an LP to rule out NS, and we evaluated 3 laboratory-developed validated real-time PCR assays, the Treponema pallidum particle agglutination (TPPA) assay, the fluorescent treponemal antibody absorption (FTA-ABS) assay, and the line immunoassay INNO-LIA Syphilis, for the diagnosis of NS from cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) samples of these patients. NS was defined by a reactive CSF-VDRL test result and/or a CSF white blood cell (WBC) count of >20 cells/μl. Thirty of the 122 patients (24.6%) had early NS. Headache, visual symptoms, a CD4 cell count of FTA-ABS, TPPA, and INNO-LIA assays had sensitivities of 58%, 100%, 68%, and 100%, specificities of 67%, 12%, 49%, and 13%, and negative predictive values of 85%, 100%, 84%, and 100%, respectively. Visual disturbances, headache, uncontrolled HIV-1 viremia, and a CD4 cell count of <500 cells/μl were predictors of NS in HIV-infected patients with early syphilis, while blood serum RPR titers were not; therefore, RPR titers should not be used as the sole criterion for deciding whether to perform an LP in early syphilis. When applied to CSF samples, the INNO-LIA Syphilis assay easily helped rule out NS.

Bidirectional pulser made from pulse lines for linear induction accelerators

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Hotta, E.; Mori, T.; Kobayashi, T.; Okino, A.; Haginomori, E.; Ko, K.C.

1996-01-01

In order to obtain high-current charged particle beams, linear induction accelerators (LIA's) of two types have been already constructed. Conventional LIA's adopt a unidirectional pulse injected from an external pulser. The other LIA's, one of which has been proposed and constructed by Pavlovskii et al., have accelerating cavities made from pulse forming lines (PFL's). In this case, no magnetic core loaded in the cavity is necessary. However, the injected pulse must be a bidirectional one. Since a part of the voltage pulse with reversed polarity is used to accelerate a beam, it is possible to make the time integral of the output voltage zero. Thus the final magnetic energy stored in the cavity can be made zero at the end of the pulse, and the pulser-accelerator system attains the energy transfer efficiency of 100%. Accelerators of this type can be divided into two kinds, one of which has cavities with internal energy storage, and the other has cavities with energy injected from external bidirectional pulsers. The accelerator of latter type has been first proposed by Smith, but it has not been realized. Several bidirectional pulsers, which consist of three individual PFL's with arbitrary impedances and a closing switch, are analyzed. Output voltages are analytically calculated by using the method proposed by Dommel for digital computations of electromagnetic transients in networks, and conditions for attaining the maximum efficiency of energy transfer from the pulser to the beam are derived. Thus, 4 bidirectional pulsers of internal energy storage type and 2 of external pulse injection type with energy transfer efficiency of 100% are obtained, including the pulsers already reported by other authors

Uma particularidade italiana? Psicanálise, modernização e sociologia do consumo na Itália dos anos 1960

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Mauro Pasqualini

Full Text Available Resumo Durante os anos 1960, a psicanálise experimentou uma expansão notável na Itália. Um dos cenários da crescente difusão de teorias psicanalíticas foi o mundo de marketing e sociologia do consumo. Com base no caso do sociólogo Francesco Alberoni, podemos examinar o impacto das teorias de Melanie Klein para entender o comportamento dos consumidores. Da mesma forma, o “caso Alberoni” serve para observar as preocupações e incertezas sobre a modernização social na Itália e também para perguntar sobre as especificidades da crescente importância da psicanálise na Itália na década de 1960.

Anemia de Fanconi: relato de dois casos na mesma família

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Patricia J. Campos Olazábal

1983-09-01

Full Text Available São registrados dois casos, ocorridos na mesma família, de anemia hipoplásica de Fanconi, nos quais um dos irmãos apresenta a tríade completa de anemia, malformações esqueléticas e quebras cromossômicas e, o outro, apenas as quebras cromossômicas.

Percepções de gênero entre casais beneficiários do Programa Bolsa Família

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Mani Tebet

2012-04-01

Full Text Available Este artigo pretende perceber em que medida o Programa Bolsa Família modifica as relações de gênero, poder e interesse entre os casais beneficiários, tema que tem despertado pouco interesse do debate público e acadêmico. Pretende ainda sinalizar ecompreender os efeitos morais e simbólicos que a política pode produzir sobre a família e as relações de gênero; os critérios de justiça apontados pelos casais para “merecer” o Bolsa Família; e a lógica que se encontra na base dessa noção de merecimento. Paratanto, entrevistamos casais beneficiários do bairro de Nova Cidade, no município de Itaboraí, na Região Metropolitana do Rio de Janeiro. Gender Perceptions between Couples Benefiting from the ‘Bolsa Família’ Program intends to ascertain to what extent the ‘Bolsa Família’ allowance program modifies the gender, power and interest relations between couples who receive benefits from the scheme; a topic that has aroused very little interest in public and academic debate. It also attempts to identify and understand the moral and symbolic effects that the policy can produce on the family and gender relations; the criteria of justice put forward by the couples for “deserving” the Bolsa Família; and the rationale that underlies this notion of deserving. Interviews were conducted with couples in a district in the metropolitan region of Rio de Janeiro.Keywords: poverty, gender, family, ‘Bolsa Família’ Allowance Program, income transfer

Serum sample containing endogenous antibodies interfering with multiple hormone immunoassays. Laboratory strategies to detect interference

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Elena García-González

2016-04-01

Full Text Available Objectives: Endogenous antibodies (EA may interfere with immunoassays, causing erroneous results for hormone analyses. As (in most cases this interference arises from the assay format and most immunoassays, even from different manufacturers, are constructed in a similar way, it is possible for a single type of EA to interfere with different immunoassays. Here we describe the case of a patient whose serum sample contains EA that interfere several hormones tests. We also discuss the strategies deployed to detect interference. Subjects and methods: Over a period of four years, a 30-year-old man was subjected to a plethora of laboratory and imaging diagnostic procedures as a consequence of elevated hormone results, mainly of pituitary origin, which did not correlate with the overall clinical picture. Results: Once analytical interference was suspected, the best laboratory approaches to investigate it were sample reanalysis on an alternative platform and sample incubation with antibody blocking tubes. Construction of an in-house ‘nonsense’ sandwich assay was also a valuable strategy to confirm interference. In contrast, serial sample dilutions were of no value in our case, while polyethylene glycol (PEG precipitation gave inconclusive results, probably due to the use of inappropriate PEG concentrations for several of the tests assayed. Conclusions: Clinicians and laboratorians must be aware of the drawbacks of immunometric assays, and alert to the possibility of EA interference when results do not fit the clinical pattern. Keywords: Endogenous antibodies, Immunoassay, Interference, Pituitary hormones, Case report

Mudanças no comportamento e desenvolvimento do escolar a partir do cuidado à família

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Ana Carmen Alonso Nachtigall Schmitt

2013-10-01

Full Text Available Objetivou-se descrever as contribuições da enfermagem nas relações familiares de escolares que apresentam alterações no comportamento e no rendimento escolar. Pesquisa-ação, fundamentada no método da problematização, em que se fez uso do Método do Arco, implementado em cinco etapas: observação da realidade, pontos-chave, teorização, hipóteses de solução e aplicação à realidade. Foi realizada em uma escola municipal localizada na região oeste da cidade de Santa Maria-RS. Participaram da amostra 25 famílias de escolares, no período de março a maio de 2012. Verificou-se que o sonho de ter a família ideal existe, porém a realidade vivenciada ainda é permeada por inúmeras dificuldades e requer modificações. Cuidar das relações da família mostra-se como uma possibilidade da sociedade desenvolver-se mais dignamente, considerando a potente influência que essa exerce no desenvolvimento e na formação do caráter das pessoas.

Detection of Avian Influenza Virus by Fluorescent DNA Barcode-based Immunoassay with Sensitivity Comparable to PCR

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Cao, Cuong; Dhumpa, Raghuram; Bang, Dang Duong

2010-01-01

involves the sandwiching of the target AIV between magnetic immunoprobes and barcode-carrying immunoprobes. Because each barcode-carrying immunoprobe is functionalized with a multitude of fluorophore-DNA barcode strands, many DNA barcodes are released for each positive binding event resulting......In this paper, a coupling of fluorophore-DNA barcode and bead-based immunoassay for detecting avian influenza virus (AIV) with PCR-like sensitivity is reported. The assay is based on the use of sandwich immunoassay and fluorophore-tagged oligonucleotides as representative barcodes. The detection...

On-Chip Immunoassay for Determination of Urinary Albumin

OpenAIRE

Laiwattanapaisal, Wanida; Songjaroen, Temsiri; Maturos, Thitima; Lomas, Tanom; Sappat, Assawapong; Tuantranont, Adisorn

2009-01-01

An immunoassay performed on a portable microfluidic device was evaluated for the determination of urinary albumin. An increase in absorbance at 500 nm resulting from immunoagglutination was monitored directly on the poly(dimethylsiloxane) (PDMS) microchip using a portable miniature fibre-optic spectrometer. A calibration curve was linear up to 10 mg L–1 (r2 = 0.993), with a detection limit of 0.81 mg L–1 (S/N = 3). The proposed system showed good precision, with relative standard deviations (...

A Nanoparticle-Lectin Immunoassay Improves Discrimination of Serum CA125 from Malignant and Benign Sources.

Science.gov (United States)

Gidwani, Kamlesh; Huhtinen, Kaisa; Kekki, Henna; van Vliet, Sandra; Hynninen, Johanna; Koivuviita, Niina; Perheentupa, Antti; Poutanen, Matti; Auranen, Annika; Grenman, Seija; Lamminmäki, Urpo; Carpen, Olli; van Kooyk, Yvette; Pettersson, Kim

2016-10-01

Measurement of serum cancer antigen 125 (CA125) is the standard approach for epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) diagnostics and follow-up. However, the clinical specificity is not optimal because increased values are also detected in healthy controls and in benign diseases. CA125 is known to be differentially glycosylated in EOC, potentially offering a way to construct CA125 assays with improved cancer specificity. Our goal was to identify carbohydrate-reactive lectins for discriminating between CA125 originating from EOC and noncancerous sources. CA125 from the OVCAR-3 cancer cell line, placental homogenate, and ascites fluid from patients with cirrhosis were captured on anti-CA125 antibody immobilized on microtitration wells. A panel of lectins, each coated onto fluorescent europium-chelate-doped 97-nm nanoparticles (Eu(+3)-NPs), was tested for detection of the immobilized CA125. Serum samples from high-grade serous EOC or patients with endometriosis and healthy controls were analyzed. By using macrophage galactose-type lectin (MGL)-coated Eu(+3)-NPs, an analytically sensitive CA125 assay (CA125(MGL)) was achieved that specifically recognized the CA125 isoform produced by EOC, whereas the recognition of CA125 from nonmalignant conditions was reduced. Serum CA125(MGL) measurement better discriminated patients with EOC from endometriosis compared to conventional immunoassay. The discrimination was particularly improved for marginally increased CA125 values and for earlier detection of EOC progression. The new CA125(MGL) assay concept could help reduce the false-positive rates of conventional CA125 immunoassays. The improved analytical specificity of this test approach is dependent on a discriminating lectin immobilized in large numbers on Eu(+3)-NPs, providing both an avidity effect and signal amplification. © 2016 American Association for Clinical Chemistry.

Immunoassay: Principles, development and potential applications in the applied plant sciences

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Hofman, P J

1986-02-01

The article briefly discusses the general principles of, and the methods involved in, immunoassay, and their development. Emplasis is placed on radioimmunoassay (RIA) and to a lesser extent, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The practical applications, with special reference to the citrus and subtropical fruit industries are discussed.

Cecília Donnangelo: pioneira na construção teórica de um pensamento social em saúde Cecília Donnangelo: a pioneer in the theoretical construction of social thinking in health

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Everardo Duarte Nunes

2008-06-01

Full Text Available O presente artigo analisa aspectos do percurso intelectual de Maria Cecília Ferro Donnangelo e seus principais trabalhos. Destaca-se no texto o papel inovador e pioneiro da sua obra nos momentos iniciais das ciências sociais no campo da saúde, na segunda metade dos anos 1960, contextualizados no momento em que ocorriam mudanças no ensino médico e na prática da medicina no Brasil.The present article analyzes aspects of the intellectual trajectory of Maria Cecília Ferro Donnangelo and her principal works. The text emphasizes the innovating and pioneer role her work played in the first moments of social sciences in the field of health in the mid sixties, occurring just together with changes in medical education and medical practice in Brazil.

Rapid detection of fumonisin B1 using a colloidal gold immunoassay strip test in corn samples.

Science.gov (United States)

Ling, Sumei; Wang, Rongzhi; Gu, Xiaosong; Wen, Can; Chen, Lingling; Chen, Zhibin; Chen, Qing-Ai; Xiao, Shiwei; Yang, Yanling; Zhuang, Zhenhong; Wang, Shihua

2015-12-15

Fumonisin B1 (FB1) is the most common and highest toxic of fumonisins species, exists frequently in corn and corn-based foods, leading to several animal and human diseases. Furthermore, FB1 was reported that it was associated with the human esophageal cancer. In view of the harmful of FB1, it is urgent to develop a feasible and accuracy method for rapid detection of FB1. In this study, a competitive immunoassay for FB1 detection was developed based on colloidal gold-antibody conjugate. The FB1-keyhole limpet hemoeyanin (FB1-KLH) conjugate was embedded in the test line, and goat anti-mouse IgG antibody embedded in the control line. The color density of the test line correlated with the concentration of FB1 in the range from 2.5 to 10 ng/mL, and the visual limit detection of test for FB1 was 2.5 ng/mL. The results indicated that the test strip is specific for FB1, and no cross-reactivity to other toxins. The quantitative detection for FB1 was simple, only needing one step without complicated assay performance and expensive equipment, and the total time of visual evaluation was less than 5 min. Hence, the developed colloidal gold-antibody assay can be used as a feasible method for FB1 rapid and quantitative detection in corn samples. Copyright © 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Design of novel hybrid organic-inorganic nanostructured biomaterials for immunoassay applications

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Andrade, G [Department of Microbiology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais, PO Box 486, 31270.901, Belo Horizonte, MG (Brazil); Barbosa-Stancioli, E F [Department of Microbiology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais, PO Box 486, 31270.901, Belo Horizonte, MG (Brazil); Piscitelli Mansur, A A [Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering Laboratory, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG (Brazil); Vasconcelos, W L [Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering Laboratory, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG (Brazil); Mansur, H S [Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering Laboratory, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG (Brazil)

2006-12-01

The purpose of this study was to develop novel hybrid organic-inorganic materials based on poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) polymer chemically crosslinked network to be tested as solid support on bovine herpesvirus immunoassay. Hybrids were synthesized by reacting PVA with three different alkoxysilanes modifying chemical groups: tetraethoxysilane (TEOS), 3-mercaptopropyltrimethoxysilane (MPTMS) and 3-glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane (GPTMS). PVA-derived hybrids were also modified by chemically crosslinking with glutaraldehyde (GA) during the synthesis reaction. In order to investigate the structure in the nanometer-scale, PVA-derived hybrids were characterized by using small-angle x-ray scattering synchrotron radiation (SAXS) and x-ray diffraction (XRD). PVA hybrids' chemical functionalities and their interaction with herpesviruses were also characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). The bioactivity assays were tested through enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). SAXS results have indicated nano-ordered disperse domains for PVA hybrids with different x-ray scattering patterns for PVA polymer and PVA-derived hybrids. FTIR spectra have shown major vibration bands associated with organic-inorganic chemical groups present in the PVA, PVA-derived by silane modifier and PVA chemically crosslinked by GA. The immunoassay results have shown that PVA hybrids with chemically functionalized structures regulated to some extent the specific bioimmobilization of herpesvirus onto solid phase. We think that it is due to the overall balance of forces associated with van der Waals interaction, hydrophilic and hydrophobic forces and steric hindrance acting at the surface. PVA and PVA-derived hybrid materials were successfully produced with GA crosslinking in a nanometer-scale network. Also, such a PVA-based material could be advantageously used in immunoassays with enhanced specificity for diagnosis.

Design of novel hybrid organic-inorganic nanostructured biomaterials for immunoassay applications

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Andrade, G [Department of Microbiology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais, PO Box 486, 31270.901, Belo Horizonte, MG (Brazil); Barbosa-Stancioli, E F [Department of Microbiology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais, PO Box 486, 31270.901, Belo Horizonte, MG (Brazil); Piscitelli Mansur, A A [Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering Laboratory, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG (Brazil); Vasconcelos, W L [Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering Laboratory, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG (Brazil); Mansur, H S [Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering Laboratory, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG (Brazil)

2006-12-01

The purpose of this study was to develop novel hybrid organic-inorganic materials based on poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) polymer chemically crosslinked network to be tested as solid support on bovine herpesvirus immunoassay. Hybrids were synthesized by reacting PVA with three different alkoxysilanes modifying chemical groups: tetraethoxysilane (TEOS), 3-mercaptopropyltrimethoxysilane (MPTMS) and 3-glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane (GPTMS). PVA-derived hybrids were also modified by chemically crosslinking with glutaraldehyde (GA) during the synthesis reaction. In order to investigate the structure in the nanometer-scale, PVA-derived hybrids were characterized by using small-angle x-ray scattering synchrotron radiation (SAXS) and x-ray diffraction (XRD). PVA hybrids' chemical functionalities and their interaction with herpesviruses were also characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). The bioactivity assays were tested through enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). SAXS results have indicated nano-ordered disperse domains for PVA hybrids with different x-ray scattering patterns for PVA polymer and PVA-derived hybrids. FTIR spectra have shown major vibration bands associated with organic-inorganic chemical groups present in the PVA, PVA-derived by silane modifier and PVA chemically crosslinked by GA. The immunoassay results have shown that PVA hybrids with chemically functionalized structures regulated to some extent the specific bioimmobilization of herpesvirus onto solid phase. We think that it is due to the overall balance of forces associated with van der Waals interaction, hydrophilic and hydrophobic forces and steric hindrance acting at the surface. PVA and PVA-derived hybrid materials were successfully produced with GA crosslinking in a nanometer-scale network. Also, such a PVA-based material could be advantageously used in immunoassays with enhanced specificity for diagnosis.

Development of a prototype lateral flow immunoassay (LFI for the rapid diagnosis of melioidosis.

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Raymond L Houghton

2014-03-01

Full Text Available Burkholderia pseudomallei is a soil-dwelling bacterium and the causative agent of melioidosis. Isolation of B. pseudomallei from clinical samples is the "gold standard" for the diagnosis of melioidosis; results can take 3-7 days to produce. Alternatively, antibody-based tests have low specificity due to a high percentage of seropositive individuals in endemic areas. There is a clear need to develop a rapid point-of-care antigen detection assay for the diagnosis of melioidosis. Previously, we employed In vivo Microbial Antigen Discovery (InMAD to identify potential B. pseudomallei diagnostic biomarkers. The B. pseudomallei capsular polysaccharide (CPS and numerous protein antigens were identified as potential candidates. Here, we describe the development of a diagnostic immunoassay based on the detection of CPS. Following production of a CPS-specific monoclonal antibody (mAb, an antigen-capture immunoassay was developed to determine the concentration of CPS within a panel of melioidosis patient serum and urine samples. The same mAb was used to produce a prototype Active Melioidosis Detect Lateral Flow Immunoassay (AMD LFI; the limit of detection of the LFI for CPS is comparable to the antigen-capture immunoassay (∼0.2 ng/ml. The analytical reactivity (inclusivity of the AMD LFI was 98.7% (76/77 when tested against a large panel of B. pseudomallei isolates. Analytical specificity (cross-reactivity testing determined that 97.2% of B. pseudomallei near neighbor species (35/36 were not reactive. The non-reactive B. pseudomallei strain and the reactive near neighbor strain can be explained through genetic sequence analysis. Importantly, we show the AMD LFI is capable of detecting CPS in a variety of patient samples. The LFI is currently being evaluated in Thailand and Australia; the focus is to optimize and validate testing procedures on melioidosis patient samples prior to initiation of a large, multisite pre-clinical evaluation.

A Switchable Linker-Based Immunoassay for Ultrasensitive Visible Detection of Salmonella in Tomatoes.

Science.gov (United States)

Hahn, Jungwoo; Kim, Eunghee; You, Young Sang; Gunasekaran, Sundaram; Lim, Seokwon; Choi, Young Jin

2017-10-01

On-site detection for sensitive identification of foodborne pathogens on fresh produce with minimal use of specialized instrumentation is crucial to the food industry. A switchable linker (SL)-based immunoassay was designed for ultrasensitive on-site detection of Salmonella in tomato samples. The assay is based on large-scale aggregation of gold nanoparticles (GNPs), induced by a quantitative relationship among the biotinylated Salmonella polyclonal antibody (b-Ab) used as the SL, the functionalized GNPs, and Salmonella. Important factors such as the concentration of SLs, time required for large-scale aggregation, and selectivity of b-Ab were optimized to minimize the detection time (within 45 min with gentle agitation) and achieve the lowest limit of detection (LOD; 10 CFU/g in tomato samples) possible. This SL-based immunoassay with its relatively low LOD and short detection time may meet the need for rapid, simple, on-site analysis of pathogens in fresh produce. The novel switchable linker-based immunoassay is a rapid, specific, and sensitive method that has potential applications for routine diagnostics of Salmonella in tomato products. These advantages make it a practical approach for general use in the processing industry to detect Salmonella rapidly and to implement appropriate regulatory procedures. Furthermore, it could be applied to other fresh products including cantaloupe, strawberry, and cucumbers. © 2017 Institute of Food Technologists®.

On-chip signal amplification of magnetic bead-based immunoassay by aviating magnetic bead chains.

Science.gov (United States)

Jalal, Uddin M; Jin, Gyeong Jun; Eom, Kyu Shik; Kim, Min Ho; Shim, Joon S

2017-11-06

In this work, a Lab-on-a-Chip (LOC) platform is used to electromagnetically actuate magnetic bead chains for an enhanced immunoassay. Custom-made electromagnets generate a magnetic field to form, rotate, lift and lower the magnetic bead chains (MBCs). The cost-effective, disposable LOC platform was made with a polymer substrate and an on-chip electrochemical sensor patterned via the screen-printing process. The movement of the MBCs is controlled to improve the electrochemical signal up to 230% when detecting beta-type human chorionic gonadotropin (β-hCG). Thus, the proposed on-chip MBC-based immunoassay is applicable for rapid, qualitative electrochemical point-of-care (POC) analysis. Copyright © 2017 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Famílias homoparentais e escola: reflexões e possibilidades

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Mariana de Oliveira Farias

2016-01-01

Full Text Available As normas hegemônicas heterossexistas presentes na sociedade privilegiam relações e comportamentos que as ratifiquem e consequentemente, crenças e valores que as fortaleçam. Desta forma, as configurações familiares que não condizem com o modelo heterossexual, como a família homoparental, são desfavorecidas nas relações sociais, legislação e políticas públicas. Diante deste cenário, o objetivo deste trabalho é refletir, a partir de publicações na área de educação sexual, diversidade e homoparentalidade, de que forma mitos relacionados à homossexualidade e conceitos de família podem interferir na forma como a escola lida com a homoparentalidade. Algumas crenças distorcidas influenciam a visão social sobre a homoparentalidade como: a pessoas de orientação sexual homossexual seriam promíscuas e não proporcionariam um ambiente adequado ao desenvolvimento sadio de uma criança; b pessoas de orientação sexual homossexual sofreriam de algum tipo de desvio ou distúrbio e por isso não deveriam cuidar de uma criança; c crianças que convivem com pais/mães homossexuais sofreriam muito preconceito o que prejudicaria seu desenvolvimento e adaptação social, obrigatoriamente; d a criança perderia a noção de diferença entre os gêneros e isso afetaria seu desenvolvimento e convívio social; e a criança tenderia a ser homossexual também; f a criança interpretaria a relação homossexual como adequada, o que poderia prejudicar seu desenvolvimento e convívio social. A escola, como instituição inserida na sociedade, e os profissionais que nela atuam, encontram-se submersos nestas crenças distorcidas, tendo também suas práticas influenciadas. Estudos mostram que grande parte dos profissionais da área da educação não conta com formação inicial ou continuada que aborde de forma crítica e reflexiva temas sobre sexualidade ou diversidade familiar. A falta de materiais didáticos que apresentem a diversidade

Linkage of biomolecules to solid phases for immunoassay

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Chapman, R.S.

1998-01-01

Topics covered by this lecture include a brief review of the principal methods of linkage of biomolecules to solid phase matrices. Copies of the key self explanatory slides are presented as figures together with reprints of two publications by the author dealing with a preferred chemistry for the covalent linkage of antibodies to hydroxyl and amino functional groups and the effects of changes in solid phase matrix and antibody coupling chemistry on the performance of a typical excess reagent immunoassay for thyroid stimulating hormone

Influência de sanificantes nas características físicas e químicas de uva Itália Effect of sanitizers on the physical and chemical characteristics of 'Itália' grapes

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Silvana Albertini

2009-09-01

Full Text Available O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a influência dos sanificantes dicloroisocianurato de sódio (NaDCC, álcool etílico e hipoclorito de sódio sobre a qualidade de uva Itália, com base nas características físicas e químicas. Cachos de uva Itália colhidos em São Miguel Arcanjo (SP foram selecionados por tamanho e qualidade, submetidos a tratamentos pós-colheita, por imersão, em solução de álcool etílico (15%, de dicloroisocianurato de sódio (200 ppm e hipoclorito de sódio (200 ppm, por 3 segundos e 10 minutos, respectivamente, e mantidos sob condição ambiente (21,2 °C; 69,8% UR por 9 dias. Avaliou-se a cada três dias, a porcentagem de perda de peso dos cachos, a taxa de degrana, a coloração, a firmeza, os teores de sólidos solúveis (SS e de acidez titulável (AT, o ratio (SS/AT e o pH das bagas. Nas condições do experimento, a maior perda de massa média diária foi encontrada no tratamento com hipoclorito de sódio (0,7333%/dia, seguido da testemunha (0,6163%/dia, do dicloro isocianurato de sódio (0,5837%/dia e do álcool etílico (0,5623%/dia. As bagas sanificadas com dicloroisocianurato de sódio dihidratado mostraram-se mais escurecidas e amareladas. Não foram verificadas diferenças atribuíveis à sanificação em relação à firmeza, ao pH, aos teores de sólidos solúveis e de acidez titulável e ao ratio. De acordo com os resultados obtidos, concluiu-se que não há efeito do uso dos sanificantes dicloroisocianurato de sódio, álcool etílico e hipoclorito de sódio sobre as características físico-químicas de uva Itália.The objective of this work was to evaluate the influence of sodium dichloroisocianurate (NaDCC, ethylic alcohol, and sodium hypochlorite sanitizers, on the quality of 'Itália' grape, based on the physical and chemical characteristics. Clusters of 'Itália' grape harvested in São Miguel Arcanjo (SP were selected by size and quality and submitted the postharvest treatments by immersion

Alienação parental e família

OpenAIRE

Brito, Clarissa Moraes

2015-01-01

O trabalho apresentado visa uma detalhada apreciação e análise da Alienação Parental, suas consequências, bem como sua recente tipificação legal no ordenamento jurídico brasileiro, de modo a prevenir conflitos, bem como solucioná-los, uma vez já ocorridos, tendo em vista a proteção da família e da convivência familiar de crianças e adolescentes e seus pais, tecendo ainda alguns comentários acerca da guarda, responsabilidades parentais e alienação parental no...

Diagnostic effectiveness of immunoassays systems for hepatitis C virus in samples from multi-transfusion patients

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Rivero Jimenez, Rene A; Merlin Linares, Julio C; Blanco de Armas, Madelin; Navea Leyva, Leonor M

2009-01-01

Hepatitis C virus (CHV) blood-transmission is a health problem in Cuba and in the world. Some types of diagnostic immunoassays have been developed for the blood certification and in general have a high diagnostic sensitivity and specificity in healthy donors. However, its behavior in samples from multi-transfusion patients could by less effective. To assess the diagnostic effectiveness of the UMELISA HCV third generation Cuban immunoassay (TecnoSUMA, S.A. La Habana), Cuba) in samples from multi-transfusion patients, in parallel, 335 sera from patients were processed by UBI HCV EIA 4.0 (United Biomedical, EE.UU) and UMELISA HCV third generation, and the samples with incongruous results were verified by PCR COBAS AmpliScreen HCV Test, v2 system (Roche, EE.UU.) Comparing the UMELISA HCV third generation system with the UBI HCV EIA 4.0 it was achieved a Sd of 95,8% CI(95%): 92,5-99,15 and a Ed of 100% CI (95%): 99,7-100, with IY: 0,96 (0,93-0,99) with k: 0,0582 ID (95%): 0,9276-0,9888, p = 0,000. Both immunoassay systems were satisfactory for immunodiagnosis of multi-transfusion patients

La voix off au féminin : Hiroshima mon amour et Aurélia Steiner

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Jennifer Cazenave

2011-07-01

Full Text Available Une étude comparée du grand film moderne d’Alain Resnais, Hiroshima mon amour (1959, et du dyptique de Marguerite Duras, Aurélia Steiner (1979, laisse entrevoir une filiation entre deux films que vingt ans séparent et où s’entrecroisent un certain nombre de fils conducteurs : le lieu et la parole ; l’histoire et la mémoire ; la voix-off au féminin et l’irreprésentable. Il s’agira donc de penser ces deux œuvres cinématographiques à partir du rapport entre le parler féminin et la représentation du passé, soit la tonte des femmes au moment de la libération dans Hiroshima mon amour, soit l’extermination des Juifs d’Europe dans Aurélia Steiner.

The fabrication of magnetic particle-based chemiluminescence immunoassay for human epididymis protein-4 detection in ovarian cancer

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Xiaoling Fu

2018-03-01

Full Text Available The magnetic particles have a significant influence on the immunoassay detection and cancer therapy. Herein, the chemiluminescence immunoassay combined with the magnetic particles (MPCLIA was presented for the clinical determination and analysis of human epididymis protein 4 (HE4 in the human serum. Under the optimized experiment conditions, the secure MPCLIA method can detect HE4 in the broader range of 0–1000 pmol/L, with a lower detection limit of 1.35 pmol/L. The satisfactory recovery rate of the method in the serum ranged from 83.62% to 105.10%, which was well within the requirement of clinical analysis. Moreover, the results showed the good correlation with enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA, with the correlation coefficient of 0.9589. This proposed method has been successfully applied to the clinical determination of HE4 in the human serum. Keywords: Chemiluminescence immunoassay, Magnetic particles, Human epididymis protein 4

HOMOPARENTALIDADE E ADOÇÃO: (RE AFIRMANDO SEU LUGAR COMO FAMÍLIA

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Rosana Machin

2016-08-01

Full Text Available Resumo Ao longo da última década assiste-se no Brasil, bem como em outros países, a crescente demanda por adoção de crianças entre casais de mesmo sexo, fato que tem gerado na academia, mídia e sociedade civil, distintos posicionamentos sobre as especificidades deste vínculo parental e seus impactos psicológicos nas crianças e adolescentes. Nesse contexto apresentamos contribuições de uma pesquisa empírica com 12 casais de mesmo sexo (3 de mulheres e 9 de homens, realizada em São Paulo/Brasil, entre 2011 e 2012, incluindo casais com projeto de adoção e os que já tinham adotado. A análise do material revelou concepções de família e perspectivas de gênero, que subjazem às demandas formuladas pelos casais e os desejos e valores expressos por estes relativamente ao projeto de terem filhos. Na perspectiva desses casais, ter um filho é considerado um passo importante na afirmação de sua capacidade de constituir uma família.

A review of promising new immunoassay technology for monitoring forest herbicides

Science.gov (United States)

Charles K. McMahon

1993-01-01

Rising costs of classical instrumental methods of chemical analysis coupled with an increasing need for environmental monitoring has lead to the development of highly sensitive, low-cost immunochemical methods of analysis for the detection of environmental contaminants. These methods known simply as immunoassays are chemical assays which use antibodies as reagents. A...

Efficacy of Daptomycin Monotherapy and In Combination with β-lactams for Daptomycin-Susceptible Enterococcus faecium Harboring LiaSR Substitutions: Influence of The Inoculum Effect.

Science.gov (United States)

Kebriaei, Razieh; Rice, Seth A; Singh, Kavindra V; Stamper, Kyle C; Dinh, An Q; Rios, Rafael; Diaz, Lorena; Murray, Barbara E; Munita, Jose M; Tran, Truc T; Arias, Cesar A; Rybak, Michael J

2018-05-14

Enterococcus faecium that harbor LiaFSR substitutions but are phenotypically susceptible to daptomycin (DAP) by current breakpoints are problematic since predisposition to resistance may lead to therapeutic failure. Using a simulated endocardial vegetation (SEV) PK/PD model, we investigated DAP regimens (6, 8 and 10 mg/kg/day) as monotherapy and in combination with ampicillin (AMP), ceftaroline (CPT) or ertapenem (ERT) against E. faecium HOU503, a DAP-susceptible strain that harbors common LiaS and LiaR substitutions found in clinical isolates (T120S and W73C, respectively). Of interest, the efficacy of DAP monotherapy, at any dose regimen, was dependent on the size of the inoculum. At an inoculum of ∼10 9 CFU/g, DAP doses of 6-8 mg/kg/d were not effective and led to significant regrowth with emergence of resistant derivatives. In contrast, at an inoculum of ∼10 7 , marked reductions in bacterial counts were observed with DAP 6 mg/kg/d with no resistance. The inoculum effect was confirmed in a rat model using humanized DAP exposures. Combinations of DAP with AMP, CPT or ERT demonstrated enhanced eradication and reduced potential for resistance allowing for de-escalation of the DAP dose. Persistence of the LiaRS substitutions were identified in DAP-resistant isolates recovered from the SEV model and in DAP-resistant derivatives of an initially DAP-susceptible clinical isolate of E. faecium (HOU668) harboring LiaSR substitutions and recovered from a patient with a recurrent bloodstream infection. Our results provide novel data for the use of DAP monotherapy and combinations for recalcitrant E. faecium infections and paves the way for testing these approaches in humans. Copyright © 2018 American Society for Microbiology.

Bolsa Família (Family Grant) Programme: an analysis of Brazilian income transfer programme

NARCIS (Netherlands)

L. Mourao (Luciana); A. Macedo de Jesus (Anderson)

2012-01-01

markdownabstract__Abstract__ Income transfer programmes are common in various countries and play an important role in combating poverty. This article presents a review of the results of the Bolsa Família (Family Grant) Programme, implemented in Brazil by the government of Lula da Silva in

Famílias de Hymenoptera (Insecta como ferramenta avaliadora da conservação de restingas no extremo sul do Brasil

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Cristina Maria Loyola Zardo

2009-12-01

Full Text Available Com o objetivo de estimar e comparar a diversidade e flutuação populacional das famílias de Hymenoptera em área de restinga foi realizado um levantamento faunístico em duas áreas de restinga com diferentes níveis de conservação. Foram coletados 5.518 himenópteros distribuídos em 30 famílias. Os picos populacionais na flutuação das famílias ocorreram no verão confirmando a alta correlação da temperatura com a distribuição das famílias. Constatou-se na restinga em sucessão maior riqueza, porém, com alta dominância, abrigando representantes dos três grupos ecológicos (antófilos, generalistas e parasitóides em alta abundância. A restinga preservada, com 17 famílias, verificou-se mais diversa e homogênea, onde verificou-se maior abundância dos parasitóides, devido à maior estabilidade do sistema. A riqueza de famílias de Hymenoptera em áreas de restinga pode ser utilizada como parâmetro indicativo de qualidade ambiental, para este tipo de bioma.Hymenoptera Families (Insecta as Evaluation Tool of the Conservation of Sandbanks in Southern BrazilAbstract. With aim to estimate and compare the diversity and population of the Hymenoptera families in a sandbank area was carried out a wildlife survey in two areas of sandbank with different levels of conservation. We collected 5 518 Hymenoptera distributed in 30 families. The peaks in the families fluctuation occurred in the summer confirmed the high correlation of temperature with the distribution of families. The sandbank in succession had the highest richness, however with high dominance, hosting representatives of the three ecological groups (anthophilous, generalists and parasitoids in high abundance. The sandbank preserved, with 17 families, was more diverse and homogeneous, where the parasitoids showed greater abundance due to greater system stability. The richness of Hymenoptera families in sandbanks can be used as a parameter indicative of environmental quality.

Trends in interfacial design for surface plasmon resonance based immunoassays

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Shankaran, Dhesingh Ravi; Miura, Norio

2007-01-01

Immunosensors based on surface plasmon resonance (SPR) have become a promising tool in sensor technology for biomedical, food, environmental, industrial and homeland security applications. SPR is a surface sensitive optical technique, suitable for real-time and label-free analysis of biorecognition events at functional transducer surfaces. Fabrication of highly active and robust sensing surfaces is an important part in immunoassays because the quality, quantity, chemistry and topography of the interfacial biomembranes play a major role in immunosensor performance. Eventually, a variety of immobilization methods such as physical adsorption, covalent coupling, Langmuir-Blodgett film, polymer thin film, self-assembly, sol-gel, etc, have been introduced over the years for the immobilization of biomolecules (antibody or antigen) on the transducer surfaces. The selection of an immobilization method for an immunoassay is governed by several factors such as nature and stability of the biomolecules, target analyte, application, detection principle, mode of signal transduction, matrix complexity, etc. This paper provides an overview of the various surface modification methods for SPR based immunosensor fabrication. The preparation, structure and application of different functional interfacial surfaces have been discussed along with a brief introduction to the SPR technology, biomolecules and detection principles. (review article)

Trends in interfacial design for surface plasmon resonance based immunoassays

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Shankaran, Dhesingh Ravi [Art, Science and Technology Center for Cooperative Research, Kyushu University, Kasuga-shi, Fukuoka, 816-8580 (Japan); Miura, Norio [Art, Science and Technology Center for Cooperative Research, Kyushu University, Kasuga-shi, Fukuoka, 816-8580 (Japan)

2007-12-07

Immunosensors based on surface plasmon resonance (SPR) have become a promising tool in sensor technology for biomedical, food, environmental, industrial and homeland security applications. SPR is a surface sensitive optical technique, suitable for real-time and label-free analysis of biorecognition events at functional transducer surfaces. Fabrication of highly active and robust sensing surfaces is an important part in immunoassays because the quality, quantity, chemistry and topography of the interfacial biomembranes play a major role in immunosensor performance. Eventually, a variety of immobilization methods such as physical adsorption, covalent coupling, Langmuir-Blodgett film, polymer thin film, self-assembly, sol-gel, etc, have been introduced over the years for the immobilization of biomolecules (antibody or antigen) on the transducer surfaces. The selection of an immobilization method for an immunoassay is governed by several factors such as nature and stability of the biomolecules, target analyte, application, detection principle, mode of signal transduction, matrix complexity, etc. This paper provides an overview of the various surface modification methods for SPR based immunosensor fabrication. The preparation, structure and application of different functional interfacial surfaces have been discussed along with a brief introduction to the SPR technology, biomolecules and detection principles. (review article)

Universal quantum dot-based sandwich-like immunoassay strategy for rapid and ultrasensitive detection of small molecules using portable and reusable optofluidic nano-biosensing platform

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Zhou, Liping; Zhu, Anna; Lou, Xuening; Song, Dan; Yang, Rong; Shi, Hanchang; Long, Feng

2016-01-01

A universal sandwich-like immunoassay strategy based on quantum-dots immunoprobe (QD-labeled anti-mouse IgG antibody) was developed for rapid and ultrasensitive detection of small molecules. A portable and reusable optofluidic nano-biosensing platform was applied to investigate the sandwich-like immunoassay mechanism and format of small molecules, as well as the binding kinetics between QD immunoprobe and anti-small molecule antibody. A two-step immunoassay method that involves pre-incubation mixture of different concentration of small molecule and anti-small molecule antibody, and subsequent introduction of QD immunoprobe into the optofluidic cell was conducted for small molecule determination. Compared with the one-step immunoassay method, the two-step immunoassay method can obtain higher fluorescence signal and higher sensitivity index, thus improving the nano-biosensing performance. Based on the proposed strategy, two mode targets, namely, microcystin-LR (MC-LR) and Bisphenol A (BPA) were tested with high sensitivity, rapidity, and ease of use. A higher concentration of small molecules in the sample led to less anti-small molecule antibody bound with antigen-carrier protein conjugate immobilized onto the sensor surface, and less QD immunoprobes bound with anti-small molecule antibody. This phenomenon lowered the fluorescence signal detected by nano-biosensing platform. Under optimal operating conditions, MC-LR and BPA exhibited a limit of detection of 0.003 and 0.04 μg/L, respectively. The LODs were better than those of the indirect competitive immunoassay method for small molecules via Cy5.5-labeled anti-small molecule antibody. The proposed QD-based sandwich-like immunoassay strategy was evaluated in spiked water samples, and showed good recovery, precision and accuracy without complicated sample pretreatments. All these results demonstrate that the new detection strategy could be readily applied to the other trace small molecules in real water samples

Universal quantum dot-based sandwich-like immunoassay strategy for rapid and ultrasensitive detection of small molecules using portable and reusable optofluidic nano-biosensing platform

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Zhou, Liping; Zhu, Anna; Lou, Xuening; Song, Dan; Yang, Rong [School of Environment and Natural Resources, Renmin University of China, Beijing (China); Shi, Hanchang [School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing (China); Long, Feng, E-mail: longf04@ruc.edu.cn [School of Environment and Natural Resources, Renmin University of China, Beijing (China)

2016-01-28

A universal sandwich-like immunoassay strategy based on quantum-dots immunoprobe (QD-labeled anti-mouse IgG antibody) was developed for rapid and ultrasensitive detection of small molecules. A portable and reusable optofluidic nano-biosensing platform was applied to investigate the sandwich-like immunoassay mechanism and format of small molecules, as well as the binding kinetics between QD immunoprobe and anti-small molecule antibody. A two-step immunoassay method that involves pre-incubation mixture of different concentration of small molecule and anti-small molecule antibody, and subsequent introduction of QD immunoprobe into the optofluidic cell was conducted for small molecule determination. Compared with the one-step immunoassay method, the two-step immunoassay method can obtain higher fluorescence signal and higher sensitivity index, thus improving the nano-biosensing performance. Based on the proposed strategy, two mode targets, namely, microcystin-LR (MC-LR) and Bisphenol A (BPA) were tested with high sensitivity, rapidity, and ease of use. A higher concentration of small molecules in the sample led to less anti-small molecule antibody bound with antigen-carrier protein conjugate immobilized onto the sensor surface, and less QD immunoprobes bound with anti-small molecule antibody. This phenomenon lowered the fluorescence signal detected by nano-biosensing platform. Under optimal operating conditions, MC-LR and BPA exhibited a limit of detection of 0.003 and 0.04 μg/L, respectively. The LODs were better than those of the indirect competitive immunoassay method for small molecules via Cy5.5-labeled anti-small molecule antibody. The proposed QD-based sandwich-like immunoassay strategy was evaluated in spiked water samples, and showed good recovery, precision and accuracy without complicated sample pretreatments. All these results demonstrate that the new detection strategy could be readily applied to the other trace small molecules in real water samples

False-positive ethyl glucuronide immunoassay screening caused by a propyl alcohol-based hand sanitizer.

Science.gov (United States)

Arndt, Torsten; Grüner, Joachim; Schröfel, Stefanie; Stemmerich, Karsten

2012-11-30

Urine ethyl glucuronide (EtG) is considered as a specific marker of recent ethanol consumption. We describe false-positive DRI(®) EIA EtG enzyme immunoassay results caused by propyl glucuronides in urine after using a propanol-based hand sanitizer. EtG screening was done with the DRI(®) EIA EtG assay (Microgenics), using a cut-off of 0.5 mg/L as recommended by the manufacturer and of 0.1 mg/L as demanded by the German Regulations for Reissuing Drivers Licenses. Confirmatory EtG analysis was done with the ClinMass(®) EtG LC-MS/MS testkit (Recipe), extended by the mass transitions 235.1→75.1, 235.1→85.1, and 235.1→113.1 for the detection of the 1- and 2-propyl glucuronides. Self-experiments were done by staff members of our lab (n=7), using 3 mL Sterillium(®) Classic Pure (30 g/100 g 1-propanol and 45 g/100 g 2-propanol) for hand sanitation every quarter of an hour for 8 h according to DIN EN 1500:2011-05 with and without an exhauster and by passive inhalation of the sanitizer vapor. Spot urine samples were taken immediately before and up to 24 h after the first sanitizer use. False-positive immunoassay results of up to 4 mg/L or 2.3 mg/g creatinine were obtained after normal use of the sanitizer and also after passive inhalation of the sanitizer vapor (up to 0.89 mg/L or 0.61 mg/g). Immunoassay results were positive even after 4-fold use of the sanitizer (up to 0.14 mg/L or 0.38 mg/g) and up to 6 h after the last sanitizer contact (maximum 0.63 mg/L and 0.33 mg/g for sanitizer users and 0.25 mg/g after passive inhalation). Spiking of EtG-free urine with 1-propyl glucuronide (Athena Environmental Sciences) between 0.05 and 10 mg/L clearly demonstrated a cross reaction of the immunoassay of approx. 10% as compared to EtG. LC-MS/MS of urines with a positive immunoassay EtG result did not show EtG signals, but distinct signals of 1-propyl glucuronide (n-propyl glucuronide) and 2-propyl glucuronide (iso-propyl glucuronide). An exhauster effectively prevented

Le domaine Tariquide (arc de Gibraltar, Espagne et Maroc) : succession sédimentaire et événements structuraux au Lias et au Dogger

Science.gov (United States)

Durand-Delga, Michel; Gardin, Silvia; Esteras, Manuel; Paquet, Hélène

2005-06-01

The Lias-Dogger successions of the Tariquide units in the Gibraltar Arc differ from the series of tectonically adjacent units, the Penibetic (Iberia margin) and the Limestone 'Dorsale' (Alboran Domain). Lower Lias limestones are eroded and covered by the Domerian, which starts by deposits of open sea, continuous up to the Dogger (J. Musa-type successions), and elsewhere (Los Pastores-type successions) by a thin series (Upper Lias to Upper Dogger), starting by a manganesiferous episode (Ras Leona) and including marls deposited into three episodes, dated by calcareous nannofossils. Faulting events occurred before the Domerian and during the Late Toarcian (Los Pastores). To cite this article: M. Durand-Delga et al., C. R. Geoscience 337 (2005).

Magnetic bead and gold nanoparticle probes based immunoassay for β-casein detection in bovine milk samples.

Science.gov (United States)

Li, Y S; Meng, X Y; Zhou, Y; Zhang, Y Y; Meng, X M; Yang, L; Hu, P; Lu, S Y; Ren, H L; Liu, Z S; Wang, X R

2015-04-15

In this work, a double-probe based immunoassay was developed for rapid and sensitive determination of β-casein in bovine milk samples. In the method, magnetic beads (MBs), employed as supports for the immobilization of anti-β-casein polyclonal antibody (PAb), were used as the capture probe. Colloidal gold nanoparticles (AuNPs), employed as a bridge for loading anti-β-casein monoclonal antibody (McAb) and horseradish peroxidase (HRP), were used as the amplification probe. The presence of β-casein causes the sandwich structures of MBs-PAb-β-casein-McAb-AuNPs through the interaction between β-casein and the anti-β-casein antibodies. The HRP, used as an enzymatic-amplified tracer, can catalytically oxidize the substrate 3,3',5,5'-tetramethylbenzidine (TMB), generating optical signals that are proportional to the quantity of β-casein. The linear range of the immunoassay was from 6.5 to 1520ngmL(-1). The limit of detection (LOD) was 4.8ngmL(-1) which was 700 times lower than that of MBs-antibody-HRP based immunoassay and 6-7 times lower than that from the microplate-antibody-HRP based assay. The recoveries of β-casein from bovine milk samples were from 95.0% to 104.3% that had a good correlation coefficient (R(2)=0.9956) with those obtained by an official standard Kjeldahl method. For higher sensitivity, simple sample pretreatment and shorter time requirement of the antigen-antibody reaction, the developed immunoassay demonstrated the viability for detection of β-casein in bovine milk samples. Copyright © 2014. Published by Elsevier B.V.

Percepção do acidente fatal de trabalho para a família da vítima

OpenAIRE

Moraes,Ana Beatryce Tedesco; Moulin,Maria das Graças Barbosa; Souza,Mariane Lima de; Pepino,Cláudia Balestreiro

2012-01-01

O trabalho humano constitui importante meio de inserção social, implicado na formação de identidade e de reconhecimento social. Em caso de acidente de trabalho fatal, a família sofre os impactos desse fenômeno em sua organização e dinâmica. Esta pesquisa teve por objetivo investigar a percepção do acidente de trabalho fatal para a família de uma vítima no sul do Estado do Espírito Santo, cuja análise se baseou nos seguintes temas: condições de trabalho do acidentado, impactos psicossociais ge...

Comparison of Immunoassay methods for T3, T4 and TSH

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Alonso Rodríguez, Celia A.

2016-01-01

Measurements of T3, T4 and TSH have been considered very important in the diagnosis and monitoring of thyroid diseases both overt and subclinical. These subclinical diseases are actively seeking for years, both in healthy patients and hospitalized for other illnesses; and in the population over 35 years, especially women, in health checkups. The active search for these diseases requires the use of rapid and reliable techniques; that can be developed massively, with good level of detectability and comparable. The overall objective is to present the evaluation of different immunoassay techniques with respect to the RIA and IRMA: ELISA, chemiluminescence, Amplified Chemiluminescence, electrochemiluminescence Immunofluorescence. Compare including automatic methods and analyze the cost and feasibility of them for laboratory immunoassay. ELISA colorimetric technique for dosing was comparable to RIA T4, not for T3. Chemiluminescence (AMERLITE) compared to dosing RIA and IRMA T4 to TSH proved to be valid for both. Amplified Chemiluminescence (Immulite) compared to IRMA for TSH was no significant difference. Electrochemiluminescence (Elecsys 2010) compared to T3 and T4 RIA and IRMA for TSH, no significant differences for T4 and TSH; but no variation to T3. Immunofluorescence (AIA-600) used to compare with RIA for T3 and T4, and TSH IRMA, no significant differences for the measured analytes. Benchmarking of automatic methods suggests that the most thrifty of trials is Immunofluorescence the AIA-600, regarding calibration and control, programming time, randomization and the ability to save the value of the fluorescence deferred calculations for tests without valid at the time of realizing calibration. Analyzing the cost and feasibility of these methods for laboratory immunoassay, we must consider that their characteristics electrochemiluminescence is the fastest, but its price is prohibitive for our health systems. The AIA-600 appears to be the method of choice for its

Impact of the Bolsa Família program on food availability of low-income Brazilian families: a quasi experimental study.

Science.gov (United States)

Martins, Ana Paula Bortoletto; Monteiro, Carlos Augusto

2016-08-19

The Bolsa Família Program was created in Brazil in 2003, by the joint of different social programs aimed at poor or very poor families with focus on income transfer to promote immediate poverty relief, conditionalities and complementary programs. Given the contributions of conditional cash transfer programs to poverty alleviation and their potential effects on nutrition and health, the objective of this study was to assess the impact of the Bolsa Família Program on food purchases of low-income households in Brazil. Representative data from the Household Budget Survey conducted in 2008-2009 were studied, with probabilistic sample of 55,970 households. 11,282 households were eligible for this study and 48.5 % were beneficiaries of the BFP. Food availability indicators were compared among paired blocks of households (n = 100), beneficiaries or non-beneficiaries of the Bolsa Família Program, with monthly per capita income up to R$ 210.00. Blocks of households were created based on the propensity score of each household to have beneficiaries and were homogeneous regarding potential confounding variables. The food availability indicators were weekly per capita expenditure and daily energy consumption, both calculated considering all food items and four food groups based on the extent and purpose of the industrial food processing. The comparisons between the beneficiaries and non-beneficiaries blocks of households were conducted through paired 't' tests. Compared to non-beneficiaries, the beneficiaries households had 6 % higher food expenditure (p = 0.015) and 9.4 % higher total energy availability (p = 0.010). It was found a 7.3 % higher expenditure on in natura or minimally processed foods and 10.4 % higher expenditure on culinary ingredients among the Bolsa Família Program families. No statistically significant differences were found regarding the expenditure and the availability of processed and ultra-processed food and drink products. In the in

Analysis on frequency response of trans-impedance amplifier (TIA) for signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) enhancement in optical signal detection system using lock-in amplifier (LIA)

Science.gov (United States)

Kim, Ji-Hoon; Jeon, Su-Jin; Ji, Myung-Gi; Park, Jun-Hee; Choi, Young-Wan

2017-02-01

Lock-in amplifier (LIA) has been widely used in optical signal detection systems because it can measure small signal under high noise level. Generally, The LIA used in optical signal detection system is composed of transimpedance amplifier (TIA), phase sensitive detector (PSD) and low pass filter (LPF). But commercial LIA using LPF is affected by flicker noise. To avoid flicker noise, there is 2ω detection LIA using BPF. To improve the dynamic reserve (DR) of the 2ω LIA, the signal to noise ratio (SNR) of the TIA should be improved. According to the analysis of frequency response of the TIA, the noise gain can be minimized by proper choices of input capacitor (Ci) and feed-back network in the TIA in a specific frequency range. In this work, we have studied how the SNR of the TIA can be improved by a proper choice of frequency range. We have analyzed the way to control this frequency range through the change of passive component in the TIA. The result shows that the variance of the passive component in the TIA can change the specific frequency range where the noise gain is minimized in the uniform gain region of the TIA.

Development and analytical performance of a new ARCHITECT automated dipeptidyl peptidase-4 immunoassay

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Philip M. Hemken

2017-12-01

Full Text Available Background: Dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4 may be a suitable biomarker to identify people with severe asthma who have greater activation of the interleukin-13 (IL-13 pathway and may therefore benefit from IL-13-targeted treatments. We report the analytical performance of an Investigational Use Only immunoassay and provide data on the biological range of DPP-4 concentrations. Methods: We assessed assay performance, utilising analyses of precision, linearity and sensitivity; interference from common endogenous assay interferents, and from asthma and anti-diabetic medications, were also assessed. The assay was used to measure the range of serum DPP-4 concentrations in healthy volunteers and subjects with diabetes and severe, uncontrolled asthma. Results: The total precision of DPP-4 concentration measurement (determined using percentage coefficient of variation was ≤5% over 20 days. Dilution analysis yielded linear results from 30 to 1305 ng/mL; the limit of quantitation was 19.2 ng/mL. No notable endogenous or drug interferences were observed at the expected therapeutic concentration. Median DPP-4 concentrations in healthy volunteers and subjects with asthma or Type 1 diabetes were assessed, with concentrations remaining similar in subjects with diabetes and asthma across different demographics. Conclusion: These analyses indicate that the ARCHITECT DPP-4 Immunoassay is a reliable and robust method for measuring serum DPP-4 concentration. Keywords: Asthma, Automated immunoassay, Biomarker, Dipeptidyl peptidase-4, IL-13

De plano piloto a metrópole : entraves e desafios da política habitacional de Brasília

OpenAIRE

Barbosa Júnior, Mauro Ribeiro

2016-01-01

Esta dissertação tem por objetivo analisar as singularidades e externalidades que impactam na política habitacional do Distrito Federal, considerando os seguintes aspectos: a trajetória da política habitacional brasileira e distrital, a expansão urbana de Brasília e os limites da gestão metropolitana. O fenômeno da habitação em Brasília é um caso sui generis de planejamento urbano no Brasil, dada a complexidade urbana, ambiental e política que envolve a concretização do acesso a moradia. Ness...

Direct biosensor immunoassays for the detection of nonmilk proteins in milk powder

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Haasnoot, W.; Olieman, K.; Cazemier, G.; Verheijen, R.

2001-01-01

The low prices of some nonmilk proteins make them attractive as potential adulterants in dairy products. An optical biosensor (BIACORE 3000) was used to develop a direct and combined biosensor immunoassay (BIA) for the simultaneous detection of soy, pea, and soluble wheat proteins in milk powders.

Potencial anti-Sporothrix spp. de plantas da família lamiaceae

OpenAIRE

Stefanie Bressan Waller

2015-01-01

As propriedades terapêuticas das plantas medicinais são cada vez mais estudadas, principalmente devido aos crescentes casos de resistência antimicrobiana, como observado em cepas do Complexo Sporothrix. As plantas da família Lamiaceae são conhecidas por suas propriedades antifúngicas, entretanto, são escassos seus estudos contra agentes causadores da esporotricose. Devido ao potencial promissor dessas plantas, objetivou-se (1) avaliar a atividade anti-Sporothrix spp. in vitro de Origanum vulg...

A competitive chemiluminescence enzyme immunoassay for rapid and sensitive determination of enrofloxacin

Science.gov (United States)

Yu, Fei; Wu, Yongjun; Yu, Songcheng; Zhang, Huili; Zhang, Hongquan; Qu, Lingbo; Harrington, Peter de B.

With alkaline phosphatase (ALP)-adamantane (AMPPD) system as the chemiluminescence (CL) detection system, a highly sensitive, specific and simple competitive chemiluminescence enzyme immunoassay (CLEIA) was developed for the measurement of enrofloxacin (ENR). The physicochemical parameters, such as the chemiluminescent assay mediums, the dilution buffer of ENR-McAb, the volume of dilution buffer, the monoclonal antibody concentration, the incubation time, and other relevant variables of the immunoassay have been optimized. Under the optimal conditions, the detection linear range of 350-1000 pg/mL and the detection limit of 0.24 ng/mL were provided by the proposed method. The relative standard deviations were less than 15% for both intra and inter-assay precision. This method has been successfully applied to determine ENR in spiked samples with the recovery of 103%-96%. It showed that CLEIA was a good potential method in the analysis of residues of veterinary drugs after treatment of related diseases.

Screening for cocaine on Euro banknotes by a highly sensitive enzyme immunoassay.

Science.gov (United States)

Abdelshafi, Nahla A; Panne, Ulrich; Schneider, Rudolf J

2017-04-01

This study focused on quantitative detection of cocaine on Euro banknotes in Germany. A sensitive direct competitive immunoassay was developed and optimized with a limit of detection (LOD) of 5.6ng/L. Exhaustive cocaine extraction by solvent was tested using different methanol concentrations and buffered solutions. Cross-reactivity studies were performed to determine the degree of interference of cocaine metabolites with the immunoassay. Sixty-five Euro banknotes obtained from different districts in Berlin were evaluated. A 100% contamination frequency with cocaine was detected. A comparison between the amount of cocaine extracted by cotton swabbing of one square centimeter of the banknote showed a good correlation for lower contamination levels. This assay showed high sensitivity of detecting pg of cocaine per 1cm 2 of one banknote by swabbing 1cm 2 : 0, 14, and 21pg/cm 2 . Moreover, three notes of different denominations revealed high cocaine concentration; 1.1mg/note, and twice 55µg/note. Copyright © 2017 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Salário mínimo, benefício previdenciário e as famílias de baixa renda Minimum wage, social security benefits and low-income families

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Cláudio Salvadori Dedecca

2006-12-01

Full Text Available Este artigo tem foco nas famílias com rendimento per capita de até ¼ do salário mínimo. São analisadas as condições de inserção no mercado de trabalho e a influência dos benefícios previdenciários para o padrão de renda auferido. A preocupação, portanto, volta-se para a importância dos benefícios da previdência, no sentido de atenuar a fragilidade de renda destas famílias e as conseqüências da desvinculação do valor do seu piso do salário mínimo para este padrão de rendimentos. Analisando-se as características dos componentes das famílias de baixa renda, observa-se que, diante das transformações estruturais no processo de produção e do cenário conjuntural da economia brasileira, aqueles com idade ativa não apresentam os pré-requisitos necessários para se inserirem de forma digna no mundo do trabalho. Dessa forma, o estudo da composição da renda das famílias mais pobres mostra que a renda dos inativos - aposentados e pensionistas - é fundamental para retirar tais famílias do limite da linha de pobreza. O perfil dos componentes das famílias será analisado a partir dos microdados da Pesquisa Nacional por Amostra de Domicílios - PNAD/IBGE - para 2004, segundo idade, nível de escolaridade, cor ou raça e inserção no mercado de trabalho propriamente dita: tipo de atividade exercida e posição na ocupação. A comparação do perfil dos componentes das famílias mais carentes com o do total das famílias mostrará que as rendas de aposentadoria e pensão tornam-se fundamentais não apenas para diminuição da desigualdade, mas, fundamentalmente, para redução da pobreza.This article discusses families with per capita income of up to ¼ of the minimum monthly wage in Brazil. The conditions of participation in the labor market and the influence of social security benefits on the pattern of income earned are analyzed. The concern, therefore, is with the importance of social security benefits in attenuating

Tuberculin purified protein derivative (PPD) immunoassay as an in vitro alternative assay for identity and confirmation of potency.

Science.gov (United States)

Ho, Mei M; Kairo, Satnam K; Corbel, Michael J

2006-01-01

Tuberculin purified protein derivative (PPD) currently can only be standardised by delayed hypersensitivity skin reactions in sensitised guinea pigs. An in vitro dot blot immunoassay was developed for both identity and confirmation of potency estimation of PPD. Polyclonal antibodies (mainly IgG) were generated and immunoreacted with human, bovine and, to lesser extent, avian PPD preparations. Combining size exclusion chromatography (FPLC-SEC) and dot blot immunoassay, the results showed that PPD preparations were mixtures of very heterogeneous tuberculoproteins ranging in size from very large aggregates to very small degraded molecules. All individual fractions of PPD separated by size were immunoreactive, although those of the largest molecular sizes appeared the most immunoreactive in this in vitro dot blot immunoassay. This method is very sensitive and specific to tuberculoproteins and can be an in vitro alternative for the in vivo intradermal skin assay which uses guinea pigs for identity of PPD preparations. Although the capacity of PPD to elicit cell-mediated immune responses on intradermal testing has to be confirmed by in vivo assay, the dot blot immunoassay offers a rapid, sensitive and animal-free alternative to in vivo testing for confirming the identity of PPD preparations with appropriate potencies. This alternative assay would be particularly useful for national regulatory laboratories for confirming the data of manufacturers and thus reducing the use of animals.

Lanky Lizards! Francesca Lia Block Is Fun to Read But...: Reading Multicultural Literature in Public Schools.

Science.gov (United States)

Reid, Suzanne; Hutchinson, Brad

1994-01-01

Examines recent young adult fiction that models communities where cultural differences are equally valued and which can be said to foster multicultural perspectives. Describes the novels of Francesca Lia Block as exemplary of such initiatives. (HB)

Development of Indirect Competitive Immuno-Assay Method Using SPR Detection for Rapid and Highly Sensitive Measurement of Salivary Cortisol Levels

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Tahara, Yusuke; Huang, Zhe; Kiritoshi, Tetsuro; Onodera, Takeshi; Toko, Kiyoshi

2014-01-01

The monitoring of salivary cortisol as a key biomarker of an individual’s stress response has been increasingly focused on. This paper describes the development of a novel cortisol immuno-assay method based on an indirect competitive method using a commercially available surface plasmon resonance instrument. The surface of an Au chip was modified with PEG6-COOH aromatic dialkanethiol self-assembled monolayers and hydrocortisone 3-(O-carboxymethyl) oxime (hydrocortisone 3-CMO) as a cortisol analog. A detection limit of 38 ppt range with a measurement range of 10 ppt–100 ppb was accomplished without the incubation of a mixing solution consisting of standard cortisol and an anti-cortisol antibody, and the time for quantification of cortisol concentration was 8 min from the sample injection. We experimentally compared our immuno-assay with a commercialized salivary cortisol enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kit using human saliva samples. It was found that the results obtained by the cortisol immuno-assay had a good correlation with those obtained by ELISA assay (R = 0.96). Our findings indicate the potential utility of the cortisol immuno-assay for measurements of human salivary cortisol levels.

Development of Indirect Competitive Immuno-Assay Method Using SPR Detection for Rapid and Highly Sensitive Measurement of Salivary Cortisol Levels

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Tahara, Yusuke; Huang, Zhe; Kiritoshi, Tetsuro [Graduate School of Information Science and Electrical Engineering, Kyushu University, Fukuoka (Japan); Onodera, Takeshi [Research and Development Center for Taste and Odor Sensing, Kyushu University, Fukuoka (Japan); Toko, Kiyoshi, E-mail: toko@ed.kyushu-u.ac.jp [Graduate School of Information Science and Electrical Engineering, Kyushu University, Fukuoka (Japan); Research and Development Center for Taste and Odor Sensing, Kyushu University, Fukuoka (Japan)

2014-05-30

The monitoring of salivary cortisol as a key biomarker of an individual’s stress response has been increasingly focused on. This paper describes the development of a novel cortisol immuno-assay method based on an indirect competitive method using a commercially available surface plasmon resonance instrument. The surface of an Au chip was modified with PEG6-COOH aromatic dialkanethiol self-assembled monolayers and hydrocortisone 3-(O-carboxymethyl) oxime (hydrocortisone 3-CMO) as a cortisol analog. A detection limit of 38 ppt range with a measurement range of 10 ppt–100 ppb was accomplished without the incubation of a mixing solution consisting of standard cortisol and an anti-cortisol antibody, and the time for quantification of cortisol concentration was 8 min from the sample injection. We experimentally compared our immuno-assay with a commercialized salivary cortisol enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kit using human saliva samples. It was found that the results obtained by the cortisol immuno-assay had a good correlation with those obtained by ELISA assay (R = 0.96). Our findings indicate the potential utility of the cortisol immuno-assay for measurements of human salivary cortisol levels.

Rituais de cuidado realizados pelas famílias na preparação para a vivência do parto domiciliar planejado

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Iara Simoni Silveira Feyer

2013-12-01

Full Text Available Esta pesquisa etnográfica objetivou compreender os rituais de cuidado realizados por famílias, durante a preparação para a vivência de parto domiciliar planejado. Participaram 25 famílias, no período de setembro de 2010 a abril de 2011. As técnicas de coleta de dados foram a observação participante e a entrevista. Mediante processos de apreensão, síntese, teorização e recontextualização, emergiram duas categorias: A casa para nascer e Preparando a chegada do bebê. O parto domiciliar é uma experiência construída no âmbito do casal grávido. A casa é concebida pelas famílias como um local sagrado para a vivência de uma experiência que agregue valores existenciais ao ato fisiológico do nascimento. Compreender esses rituais contribui para o oferecimento de cuidado de enfermagem culturalmente congruente.

Single biosensor immunoassay for the detection of five aminoglycosides in reconstituted skimmed milk

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Haasnoot, W.; Cazemier, G.; Koets, M.; Amerongen, van A.

2003-01-01

The application of an optical biosensor (Biacore 3000), with four flow channels (Fcs), in combination with a mixture of four specific antibodies resulted in a competitive inhibition biosensor immunoassay (BIA) for the simultaneous detection of the five relevant aminoglycosides in reconstituted

Família: maternidade e procriação assistida Family: maternity and assisted reproduction

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Maria da Graça Reis Braga

2005-04-01

Full Text Available O presente trabalho trata das transformações que se operam na idéia de família que desenvolvemos no Ocidente. Tais mudanças se devem, entre outros fatores, aos diferentes lugares que a mulher passou a ocupar na família e na sociedade e à constituição de sua identidade pela via da maternidade. Isso também é acompanhado pela decadência do modelo patriarcal, o que gera intensas discussões a respeito de um possível fator de feminilização da cultura e declínio da função paterna. A essas questões somam-se os avanços tecnológicos no campo da medicina da reprodução e as intervenções sobre o corpo feminino, o que tem proporcionado tanto mudanças quanto reforços no modelo de família tradicional ocidental.The present article discusses the transformations within the concepts of family in the Western society. These changes are due to (among others reasons the social position that women have assumed, and to the constitution of a feminine identity based on the fact of becoming a mother. These matters follow the decadence of a patriarchal pattern, which generates discussions regarding a supposed rising of a femininization of culture and the failure of the father role. To these questions recent development of reproductive medicine technologies, and medical interventions upon feminine body can be added, which has provide changes as well as reinforcements to a traditional family model.

As várias abordagens da família no cenário do programa/estratégia de saúde da família (PSF Las diversas abordajes de la familia en el escenario del programa/estrategia de salud de la familia (PSF Different approaches to the family in the context of the family health program/strategy

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Edilza Maria Ribeiro

2004-08-01

Full Text Available Apresenta-se o cenário que favoreceu a inclusão da família como foco de atenção nas políticas públicas. As estratégias para interromper o empobrecimento e a vulnerabilidade das famílias, no século XX, ocorrem de forma diferenciada, segundo diferentes 'Estados de Bem-Estar', nas sociedades capitalistas. Porém, ante a crise do Estado de Bem-Estar e crescente custo dos serviços públicos e privados requer-se solução familiar, ao menos parcial, em termos de reduzir a sua dependência. O Programa de Saúde da Família (PSF coloca a família nas agendas das políticas sociais brasileiras em 1994, refletindo tanto interesses do modelo neoliberal como de forças sociais solidárias.Vê-se que tal inclusão gerou multiplicidade de abordagens tais como: família/indivíduo; família/domicílio; família/indivíduo/domicílio; família/comunidade; família/risco social; família/família. Essas abordagens, por não dialogarem entre si, acabam por compor um quadro insuficientemente identificado, dificultando a assistência. Sugere-se exame das condições apontadas como forma de dar, efetivamente, vez à família.Este estudio presenta el escenario que favoreció la inclusión de la familia como foco de atención en las políticas públicas. En el siglo XX, las estrategias para interrumpir el empobrecimiento y la vulnerabilidad de las familias ocurren de manera diferenciada, según los diferentes "Estados de Bienestar", en las sociedades capitalistas. Por consiguiente, ante la crisis del Estado de Bienestar y el creciente costo de los servicios públicos y privados se requiere al menos una solución familiar parcial, en términos de reducir su dependencia. El Programa de Salud de la Familia (PSF colocó la familia en las agendas de las Políticas Sociales Brasileñas en 1994, reflexionando tanto los intereses del modelo neoliberal como de las fuerzas sociales solidarias. Se vio que tal inclusión generó una multiplicidad de abordajes tales

Chemiluminescence immunoassay for prostate-specific antigen

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Zhang Xuefeng; Liu Yibing; Jia Juanjuan; Xu Wenge; Li Ziying; Chen Yongli; Han Shiquan

2008-01-01

The chemiluminescence immunoassay (CLIA) for serum total prostate-specific antigen (T-PSA) was developed. The reaction of luminol with hydrogen peroxide was introduced into this chemiluminescence system. The detection limit is established as 0.12 μg/L (n=10, mean of zero standard + 2SD) and the analytical recovery of PSA is 83.8%-118.7%. The intra-assay and inter-assay CVs vary from 4.4%-5.0% and 6.2%-11.7%, respectively. The experimental correlation coefficient of dilution is found to be 0.999. Compared with immunoradiometric assay (IRMA) kits, the correlative equation is y=1.07x+0.68, and correlation coefficient r=0.97. The standard range for the method is 1.5-80 μg/L, and it presents good linearity. (authors)

Growth dynamics of tree-line and lake-shore Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L. in the central Scandinavian Mountains during the Medieval Climate Anomaly and the early Little Ice Age

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Hans W Linderholm

2014-05-01

Full Text Available Trees growing at their altitudinal or latitudinal distribution in Fennoscandia have been widely used to reconstruct warm season temperatures, and the region hosts some of the world’s longest tree-ring chronologies. These multi-millennial long chronologies have mainly been built from tree remains found in lakes (subfossil wood from lake-shore trees. We used a unique dataset of Scots pine tree-ring data collected from wood remains found on a mountain slope in the central Scandinavian Mountains, yielding a chronology spanning over much of the last 1200 years. This data was compared with a local subfossil wood chronology with the aim to 1 describe growth variability in two environments during the Medieval Climate Anomaly (MCA and the early Little Ice Age (LIA, and 2 investigate differences in growth characteristics during these contrasting periods. It was shown that the local tree-line during both the MCA and early LIA was almost 150 m higher that at present. Based on living pines from the two environments, tree-line pine growth was strongly associated with mid-summer temperatures, while the lake-shore trees showed an additional response to summer precipitation. During the MCA, regarded to be a period of favourable climate in the region, the tree-ring data from both environments showed strong coherency and moderate growth variability. In the early LIA, the two chronologies were less coherent, with the tree-line chronology showing more variability, suggesting different growth responses in the two environments during this period of less favourable growing conditions. Our results indicate that tree-ring width chronologies mainly based on lake-shore trees may need to be re-evaluated.

Inkjet-printed point-of-care immunoassay on a nanoscale polymer brush enables subpicomolar detection of analytes in blood

Science.gov (United States)

Joh, Daniel Y.; Hucknall, Angus M.; Wei, Qingshan; Mason, Kelly A.; Lund, Margaret L.; Fontes, Cassio M.; Hill, Ryan T.; Blair, Rebecca; Zimmers, Zackary; Achar, Rohan K.; Tseng, Derek; Gordan, Raluca; Freemark, Michael; Ozcan, Aydogan; Chilkoti, Ashutosh

2017-08-01

The ELISA is the mainstay for sensitive and quantitative detection of protein analytes. Despite its utility, ELISA is time-consuming, resource-intensive, and infrastructure-dependent, limiting its availability in resource-limited regions. Here, we describe a self-contained immunoassay platform (the “D4 assay”) that converts the sandwich immunoassay into a point-of-care test (POCT). The D4 assay is fabricated by inkjet printing assay reagents as microarrays on nanoscale polymer brushes on glass chips, so that all reagents are “on-chip,” and these chips show durable storage stability without cold storage. The D4 assay can interrogate multiple analytes from a drop of blood, is compatible with a smartphone detector, and displays analytical figures of merit that are comparable to standard laboratory-based ELISA in whole blood. These attributes of the D4 POCT have the potential to democratize access to high-performance immunoassays in resource-limited settings without sacrificing their performance.

Evaluation of field test kits including immunoassays for the detection of contaminants in soil and water

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Waters, L.C.; Smith, R.R.; Counts, R.W.; Stewart, J.H.; Jenkins, R.A.

1993-01-01

Effective field test methods are needed for hazardous waste site characterization and remediation. Useful field methods should be rapid, analyte-specific, cost-effective and accurate in the concentration range at which the analyte is regulated. In this study, field test kits for polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), mercury, lead and nitrate were evaluated with reference to these criteria. PCBs and mercury, in soils, were analyzed by immunoassay. Ionic lead and nitrate, in water, were measured chemically using test strips. Except for lead, each analyte was measured in both spiked and actual field samples. Twenty to 40 samples per day can be analyzed with the immunoassays and even more with the strip tests. The sensitivity of the immunoassays is in the 1-3 ppM range. Nitrate was consistently detected at ≥5 ppM; lead ions at ≥20 ppM. Results obtained using these methods compared favorably with those obtained by standard laboratory methods. In addition to being useful field screening methods, these kits can be used in the laboratory to sort out negative samples and/or to define proper dilutions for positive samples requiring further analysis

Homogeneous immunoassay for human IgG using oriented hen egg IgY immobilized on gold sol nanoparticles

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Yeritsyan, H.E.; Gasparyan, V.K.

2012-01-01

Homogeneous immunoassays using (red) gold nanoparticles represent an attractive detection scheme because of the option of photometric readout. We have applied oriented immobilization of hen egg immunoglobulin Y (IgY) on gold nanoparticles when developing a homogeneous immunoassay for human IgG. In oriented immobilization, as opposed to random immobilization, the antigen binding capabilities of the antibodies are retained. It is shown that such immunoassay has significantly better sensitivity in comparison with methods based on conventional immobilization of affinity-purified antibodies. It is also shown that hen egg IgY is better suited than rabbit antibodies, because much more antibody can be immobilized on gold nanoparticles without any destabilization, probably because of the more acidic nature of these antibodies. In addition, hen egg IgY can be supplied in higher quantity and can be prepared more easily than IgG from rabbits. Bleeding and slaughtering of animals is not needed. The assay presented here has a wide detection range (30-500 ng. mL -1 ) and a limit of detection as low as 30 ng. mL -1 of human IgG. (author)

Avaliação de Impacto das condicionalidades de educação do Programa Bolsa Família (2005 e 2009

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Ernesto Friedrich de Lima Amaral

2013-09-01

Full Text Available Dans cet article, on examine les impacts des conditionnalités de l'éducation dans le Programme Bolsa Família sur l'absentéisme scolaire d'enfants qui bénéficient de ce programme. L'hypothèse principale est que l'enfant qui habite dans un foyer recevant cette aide a moins de chances d'abandonner l'école. On se sert de données de l'Étude de l'impact du Programme Bolsa Família (AIBF de 2005 à 2009 du Ministère du Développement Social et de la Lutte contre la Faim (MDS. Des modèles logistiques ont estimé les chances d'abandon scolaire de 2005 à 2009, à partir de trois niveaux de revenu domiciliaire par habitant, compte tenu des caractéristiques du foyer, de la mère et de l'enfant. Les enfants habitant dans des foyers bénéficiaires du Programme Bolsa Família ont révélé une nette réduction du taux d'abandon scolaire en 2005. Les données pour 2009 n'ont pas été statistiquement significatives, bien que montrant une diminution de l'abandon scolaire comme résultat de l'aide reçue du Bolsa Família.

NiCoBP-doped carbon nanotube hybrid: A novel oxidase mimetic system for highly efficient electrochemical immunoassay

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Zhang, Bing; He, Yu; Liu, Bingqian; Tang, Dianping, E-mail: dianping.tang@fzu.edu.cn

2014-12-03

Highlights: • We report a new oxidase mimetic system for highly efficient electrochemical immunoassay. • NiCoBP-doped carbon nanotube hybrids were used as the nanocatalysts. • NiCoBP-doped carbon nanotube hybrids were used as the mimic oxidase. - Abstract: NiCoBP-doped multi-walled carbon nanotube (NiCoBP–MWCNT) was first synthesized by using induced electroless-plating method and functionalized with the biomolecules for highly efficient electrochemical immunoassay of prostate-specific antigen (PSA, used as a model analyte). We discovered that the as-synthesized NiCoBP–MWCNT had the ability to catalyze the glucose oxidization with a stable and well-defined redox peak. The catalytic current increased with the increment of the immobilized NiCoBP–MWCNT on the electrode. Transmission electron microscope (TEM) and energy dispersive X-ray spectrometry (EDX) were employed to characterize the as-prepared NiCoBP–MWCNT. Using the NiCoBP–MWCNT-conjugated anti-PSA antibody as the signal-transduction tag, a new enzyme-free electrochemical immunoassay protocol could be designed for the detection of target PSA on the capture antibody-functionalized immunosensing interface. Experimental results revealed that the designed immunoassay system could exhibit good electrochemical responses toward target PSA, and allowed the detection of PSA at a concentration as low as 0.035 ng mL{sup −1}. More importantly, the NiCoBP-MWCNT-based oxidase mimetic system could be further extended for the monitoring of other low-abundance proteins or disease-related biomarkers by tuning the target antibody.

A Escola sob o olhar da família: relações que se compreendem e se praticam no cotidiano

OpenAIRE

Girardi, Fabiola Fontenele

2012-01-01

Esta pesquisa aborda a relação família e escola, sob a perspectiva familiar. Tem como objetivos analisar os sentidos atribuídos pelas famílias à escola, como espaço de relações plurais e compreender as relações que as mães constituem culturalmente com a escola e suas práticas pedagógicas cotidianas. Neste processo de pesquisa foram definidos como orientadores os princípios da pesquisa no/do/com o cotidiano, privilegiando-se, como interlocutores principais as mães e os autores c...

Concepções e Modos de Viver em Família: A perspectiva de Mulheres Lésbicas que Têm Filhos

OpenAIRE

Lira, Aline Nogueira de; Morais, Normanda Araujo de; Boris, Georges Daniel Janja Bloc

2017-01-01

RESUMO Investigaram-se as concepções e modos de viver em família de quatro mulheres lésbicas que têm filhos. Utilizou-se uma entrevista aberta para coleta de dados e a análise baseou-se no método fenomenológico crítico. Os resultados mostraram que: (a) as estratégias para acesso à parentalidade (adoção, coparentalidade e relações heterossexuais anteriores) são diversas e ora reproduzem o binarismo heterossexual, ora o desnaturalizam; (b) a família foi caracterizada como um espaço afetivo e de...

Rapid Salmonella detection in experimentally inoculated equine faecal and veterinary hospital environmental samples using commercially available lateral flow immunoassays.

Science.gov (United States)

Burgess, B A; Noyes, N R; Bolte, D S; Hyatt, D R; van Metre, D C; Morley, P S

2015-01-01

Salmonella enterica is the most commonly reported cause of outbreaks of nosocomial infections in large animal veterinary teaching hospitals and the closure of equine hospitals. Rapid detection may facilitate effective control practices in equine populations. Shipping and laboratory testing typically require ≥48 h to obtain results. Lateral flow immunoassays developed for use in food-safety microbiology provide an alternative that has not been evaluated for use with faeces or environmental samples. We aimed to identify enrichment methods that would allow commercially available rapid Salmonella detection systems (lateral flow immunoassays) to be used in clinical practice with equine faecal and environmental samples, providing test results in 18-24 h. In vitro experiment. Equine faecal and environmental samples were inoculated with known quantities of S. enterica serotype Typhimurium and cultured using 2 different enrichment techniques for faeces and 4 enrichment techniques for environmental samples. Samples were tested blindly using 2 different lateral flow immunoassays and plated on agar media for confirmatory testing. In general, commercial lateral flow immunoassays resulted in fewer false-negative test results with enrichment of 1 g faecal samples in tetrathionate for 18 h, while all environmental sample enrichment techniques resulted in similar detection rates. The limit of detection from spiked samples, ∼4 colony-forming units/g, was similar for all methods evaluated. The lateral flow immunoassays evaluated could reliably detect S. enterica within 18 h, indicating that they may be useful for rapid point-of-care testing in equine practice applications. Additional evaluation is needed using samples from naturally infected cases and the environment to gain an accurate estimate of test sensitivity and specificity and to substantiate further the true value of these tests in clinical practice. © 2014 EVJ Ltd.

A "nova classe média": repercussões psicossociais em famílias brasileiras

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Luís Fernando de Oliveira Saraiva

2015-04-01

Full Text Available O presente artigo, em uma abordagem ensaística, tem como objetivo analisar efeitos psicossociais na constituição de modos de subjetivação e em famílias a partir da emergência daquilo que vem sendo nomeado de a "nova classe média brasileira". Para isto, primeiramente foi feita revisão bibliográfica de como a sociologia, economia e antropologia vem conceituando e caracterizando esta nova classe social, considerando que não há estudos acerca desse tema na Psicologia. A partir do diálogo com fontes midiáticas, buscou-se pensar como vem sendo operada a construção de um "estilo de vida" marcado pela tentativa de planejamento do futuro, consumo e meritocracia. Tais características mostram-se importantes formas de aproximação com a classe média tradicional. Por fim, buscou-se entender como famílias vêm vivenciando tais mudanças em seu cotidiano, organização e relações.

Produção de bromélias no Estado do Paraná, Brasil

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Adilson Anacleto

2013-02-01

Full Text Available Apresenta-se caracterização do processo de produção agrícola de bromélias no Estado do Paraná, Brasil, realizada a partir de visitas ao campo, observação participante e entrevistas, evidenciando-se particularidades e discrepâncias frente aos modelos já descritos na literatura especializada. Identificou-se como principal problema a padronização de cultivo adotada, que, embora facilite os tratos culturais e exija menos mão-de-obra do produtor, não contempla as necessidades individuais de cada espécie acerca de luminosidade, substrato e adubação. Esta situação além de determinar queda no padrão de qualidade diminui o preço potencial de comercialização. Recomenda-se aos extensionistas rurais e instituições competentes que busquem orientar os produtores de bromélias a promover a adequação das práticas dos cultivos de acordo com a espécie cultivada.

A família na Unidade de Pediatria: convivendo com normas e rotinas hospitalares

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Daiani Modernel Xavier

2014-04-01

Full Text Available Objetivou-se conhecer, na visão foucaultiana, como o familiar cuidador da criança convive com as normas e rotinas no hospital. Estudo descritivo com abordagem qualitativa, realizado no segundo semestre de 2011. Teve como referencial metodológico a Teoria Fundamentada nos Dados. Foi desenvolvido na Unidade de Pediatria de um Hospital Universitário no sul do Brasil, com dezoito familiares cuidadores. A coleta de dados foi realizada por entrevistas semiestruturadas e a análise, através da codificação aberta, axial e seletiva. Percebeu-se que a família tende a submeter-se às normas e rotinas no hospital, mas reconhece a importância de sua flexibilização, exercendo resistência, seja dialogando, seja transgredindo, em busca de autonomia, quando percebem que essas não contemplam suas necessidades. Torna-se importante o uso de normas e rotinas que possibilitem à família práticas e espaços de liberdade, autonomia e resistência.

Tumor specific lung cancer diagnostics with multiplexed FRET immunoassays

Science.gov (United States)

Geißler, D.; Hill, D.; Löhmannsröben, H.-G.; Thomas, E.; Lavigne, A.; Darbouret, B.; Bois, E.; Charbonnière, L. J.; Ziessel, R. F.; Hildebrandt, N.

2010-02-01

An optical multiplexed homogeneous (liquid phase) immunoassay based on FRET from a terbium complex to eight different fluorescent dyes is presented. We achieved highly sensitive parallel detection of four different lung cancer specific tumor markers (CEA, NSE, SCC and CYFRA21-1) within a single assay and show a proof-of-principle for 5- fold multiplexing. The method is well suited for fast and low-cost miniaturized point-of-care testing as well as for highthroughput screening in a broad range of in-vitro diagnostic applications.

Doença crônica da criança: necessidades familiares e a relação com a Estratégia Saúde da Família

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Eliane Aparecida de Oliveira Costa

Full Text Available Este estudo objetivou conhecer a percepção da família sobre a relação com a Unidade Saúde da Família (USF na vivência com a doença crônica da criança. Em um desenho qualitativo utilizou-se o Interacionismo Simbólico como sustentáculo teórico, a Pesquisa de Narrativa como método e entrevistas com as famílias como instrumento para a coleta de dados. Os dados foram coletados por entrevista semiestruturada, com 7 famílias de crianças com doença crônica, cadastradas em USFs de uma região com alto índice de vulnerabilidade social, de um município do interior paulista. Os resultados mostraram como a relação da família com a USF é influenciada por elementos da experiência e trajetória familiar e como a vivência da doença crônica da criança é fortemente marcada pela relação com os serviços de saúde. Tal situação tem grande influência sobre as respostas da família, o que exige um engajamento sistemático e comprometido do sistema de saúde no alívio do sofrimento familiar, para além do tratamento pontual da patologia.

O Impacto das Regras do Programa Bolsa Família Sobre a Fecundidade das Beneficiárias

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Luis Antonio Winck Cechin

2015-09-01

Full Text Available Este trabalho investiga um possível incentivo do Programa Bolsa Família ao aumento da fecundidade de suas beneficiárias em decorrência de suas regras, dado que a quantidade de recursos transferidos depende do número de filhos da família. O diferencial deste estudo reside na análise desse impacto em um maior período de exposição das beneficiárias aos efeitos do PBF. Aplica-se o algoritmo de seleção de covariadas proposto por Imbens (2014 e o método de Propensity Score Matching. Os resultados apontaram que o PBF gera pequeno incentivo à geração do segundo filho, sendo que as regiões Centro-Oeste e Nordeste apresentaram os maiores valores de impacto.

O PROGRAMA BOLSA FAMÍLIA E O “EFEITO PREGUIÇA”

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Maria Luiza Souza Caetano

2016-07-01

Full Text Available During the implementation of the Bolsa Família Program emerged some myths like "laziness effect". This present study aims to reflect on the existence of laziness effect in terms of the works of Campello and Neri (2013 and Weissheimer (2006. Methodologically it is a theoretical article. For this, was made a review of the program, cash transfers and laziness effect. Finally, from the reflections on the works of the authors, it is clear that the laziness effect is a myth.

A habitação como determinante social da saúde: percepções e condições de vida de famílias cadastradas no programa Bolsa Família Habitation as a social determinant of health: perceptions and conditions of families registered under the "Bolsa Família" program

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Kelly Alves Magalhães

2013-03-01

Full Text Available Objetivou-se avaliar as condições de habitação e de saneamento de famílias cadastradas no Programa Bolsa Família (PBF, bem como analisar os significados dos sujeitos entrevistados sobre sua moradia. Trata-se de um estudo transversal, de abordagem quanti-qualitativa, realizado entre agosto e setembro de 2007, no município de Paula Candido, MG. Foram entrevistados 116 indivíduos cadastrados no programa, selecionados aleatoriamente, por meio de questionário semiestruturado. Os dados quantitativos foram analisados utilizando-se o software SPSS for Windows e os qualitativos, pela técnica de análise temática. Verificou-se que ambos os grupos - beneficiário e não beneficiário - enfrentam condições adversas que limitam sua inserção e emancipação social, como baixas escolaridade e qualificação para o trabalho; trabalho informal e mal remunerado; serviços ainda insuficientes de abastecimento e tratamento da água, além de esgotamento sanitário e coleta de lixo, especialmente entre as famílias residentes na zona rural. Quanto ao significado da moradia para os entrevistados, os relatos denotam o sonho por uma casa melhor e/ou a casa própria, a aquisição de bens e eletrodomésticos básicos que possam compor o espaço da habitação, espaço este que ultrapassa a dimensão física e material, configurando-se como lugar onde se estabelecem as relações e laços sociais entre a família e de acolhimento do outro. Faz-se necessária a articulação entre as ações e políticas públicas de saúde, habitação, meio ambiente e infraestrutura, bem como com os programas de combate à pobreza - como o PBF - , tendo em vista o conjunto de vulnerabilidades às quais estão submetidas as populações mais pobres.The objective of this study was to evaluate housing and sanitation conditions of families registered in the "Bolsa Família" Program (BFP, as well as to analyze the meaning of housing for the interviewees. It is a transversal

Tuberculose em Salvador: custos para o sistema de saúde e para as famílias

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Costa João G

2005-01-01

Full Text Available OBJETIVO: A tuberculose é uma das maiores causas de mortalidade no mundo, porém seus efeitos econômicos são pouco conhecidos. O objetivo do estudo foi o de estimar os custos do tratamento e prevenção da tuberculose para o sistema de saúde (público e privado e para as famílias. MÉTODOS: O estudo foi realizado no município de Salvador, BA, em 1999. Os dados para estimação dos custos para o sistema de saúde foram coletados nas secretarias de saúde, centros de saúde e em uma entidade filantrópica. Os custos públicos e privados foram estimados pela metodologia da contabilidade de custos. Os dados de custos para as famílias foram coletados por meio de questionários e incluem despesas com transporte, alimentação e outros, bem como as perdas de renda associadas à doença. RESULTADOS: O custo médio para tratamento de um caso novo de tuberculose foi de aproximadamente R$186,00 (US$103; para o tratamento de um paciente multiresistente o custo foi 27 vezes mais alto. Os custos para o serviço público corresponderam a 65% em internações, 32% em tratamento e apenas 3% em prevenção. As famílias comprometeram cerca de 33% da sua renda com despesas relacionadas a tuberculose. CONCLUSÕES: Apesar do fato das famílias não terem que pagar por medicamentos e tratamento, dado que este serviço é oferecido pelo Estado, os custos familiares ligados a perda de rendimentos devido a doença foram muito elevados. A proporção utilizada em prevenção pelo serviço público é pequena. Um maior investimento em campanhas de prevenção poderia não somente diminuir o número de casos, mas também, levar a um diagnósticos precoce, diminuindo os custos associados à hospitalização. A falta de um sistema integrado de custos não permite a visualização dos custos nos diversos setores.

Magnetofluorescent nanocomposites and quantum dots used for optimal application in magnetic fluorescence-linked immunoassay.

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Tsai, H Y; Li, S Y; Fuh, C Bor

2018-03-01

Magnetofluorescent nanocomposites with optimal magnetic and fluorescent properties were prepared and characterized by combining magnetic nanoparticles (iron oxide@polymethyl methacrylate) with fluorescent nanoparticles (rhodamine 6G@mSiO 2 ). Experimental parameters were optimized to produce nanocomposites with high magnetic susceptibility and fluorescence intensity. The detection of a model biomarker (alpha-fetoprotein) was used to demonstrate the feasibility of applying the magnetofluorescent nanocomposites combined with quantum dots and using magnetic fluorescence-linked immunoassay. The magnetofluorescent nanocomposites enable efficient mixing, fast re-concentration, and nanoparticle quantization for optimal reactions. Biofunctional quantum dots were used to confirm the alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) content in sandwich immunoassay after mixing and washing. The analysis time was only one third that required in ELISA. The detection limit was 0.2 pg mL -1 , and the linear range was 0.68 pg mL -1 -6.8 ng mL -1 . This detection limit is lower, and the linear range is wider than those of ELISA and other methods. The measurements made using the proposed method differed by less than 13% from those obtained using ELISA for four AFP concentrations (0.03, 0.15, 0.75, and 3.75 ng mL -1 ). The proposed method has a considerable potential for biomarker detection in various analytical and biomedical applications. Graphical abstract Magnetofluorescent nanocomposites combined with fluorescent quantum dots were used in magnetic fluorescence-linked immunoassay.

Development of an immunomagnetic bead-based time-resolved fluorescence immunoassay for rapid determination of levels of carcinoembryonic antigen in human serum

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Hou Jingyuan; Liu Tiancai; Lin Guanfeng; Li Zhixiong; Zou Liping; Li Ming [Institute of Antibody Engineering, School of Biotechnology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515 (China); Wu Yingsong, E-mail: wg@fimmu.com [Institute of Antibody Engineering, School of Biotechnology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515 (China)

2012-07-13

Highlights: Black-Right-Pointing-Pointer Magnetic beads was used as the solid phase for TRFIA. Black-Right-Pointing-Pointer The linearity range was broadened greatly compared with conventional TRFIA method. Black-Right-Pointing-Pointer The analysis time was significantly shorter compared with conventional TRFIA method. Black-Right-Pointing-Pointer This method could be developed for practical clinical detections of tumor-associated antigens. - Abstract: A novel immunoassay for the determination of tumor markers in human serum was established by combining a time-resolved fluoroimmunoassay (TRFIA) and immunomagnetic separation. Based on a sandwich-type immunoassay format, analytes in samples were captured by magnetic beads coated with one monoclonal antibody and 'sandwiched' by another monoclonal antibody labeled with europium chelates. The immunocomplex was separated and washed by exposure to a magnetic field and treatment with enhancement solution; fluorescence was then measured according to the number of europium ions dissociated. Levels of the model analyte, carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), were determined in a linear range (1-1000 ng mL{sup -1}) with a limit of detection of 0.5 ng mL{sup -1} under optimal conditions. The reproducibility, recovery, and specificity of the immunoassay were demonstrated to be acceptable. To evaluate this novel assay for clinical applications, 239 serum samples were evaluated. Compared with the conventional TRFIA and chemiluminescence immunoassay (CLIA), the correlation coefficients of the developed immunoassay were 0.985 and 0.975, respectively. These results showed good correlation and confirmed that our method is feasible and could be used for the clinical determination of CEA (or other tumor antigens) in human serum.

Gift and care during the time lived with the family A dádiva e o cuidado no tempo do vivido em família

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Ítala Paris de Souza

2017-10-01

Full Text Available Objetivo: Compreender a modelagem do cuidado familiar ao longo do tempo à idosa que vivencia o Alzheimer, inscrevendo-o no circuito da dádiva. Métodos: Estudo de situação, de abordagem compreensiva, empregando história de vida com entrevista em profundidade e observação junto à idosa e família. Resultados: Apreendemos os laços que unem os entes familiares, possibilitando a modelagem do cuidado “na e para” a vida, ao longo do tempo em família, instaurando o circuito da dádiva, que apresentamos pela imagem da lemniscata. Nessa modelagem evidenciamos o intenso esforço despendido pela família na provisão e gerenciamento dos cuidados à idosa, cada vez mais aprimorados, reatualizando, assim, o dar-receber-retribuir, em tecitura afetiva e laboriosa. Conclusão: Tal compreensão se mostra importante aos profissionais de saúde para que reflitam sobre modos de produzir boas práticas que perdurem no tempo, mobilizando recursos para apoiar a família com o substrato necessário ao seu cuidar.

Alkaline phosphatase labeled SERS active sandwich immunoassay for detection of Escherichia coli

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Bozkurt, Akif Goktug; Buyukgoz, Guluzar Gorkem; Soforoglu, Mehmet; Tamer, Ugur; Suludere, Zekiye; Boyaci, Ismail Hakki

2018-04-01

In this study, a sandwich immunoassay method utilizing enzymatic activity of alkaline phosphatase (ALP) on 5-bromo-4-chloro-3-indolyl phosphate (BCIP) for Escherichia coli (E. coli) detection was developed using surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS). For this purpose, spherical magnetic gold coated core-shell nanoparticles (MNPs-Au) and rod shape gold nanoparticles (Au-NRs) were synthesized and modified for immunomagnetic separation (IMS) of E. coli from the solution. In order to specify the developed method to ALP activity, Au-NRs were labeled with this enzyme. After successful construction of the immunoassay, BCIP substrate was added to produce the SERS-active product; 5-bromo-4-chloro-3-indole (BCI). A good linearity (R2 = 0.992) was established between the specific SERS intensity of BCI at 600 cm- 1 and logarithmic E. coli concentration in the range of 1.7 × 101-1.7 × 106 cfu mL- 1. LOD and LOQ values were also calculated and found to be 10 cfu mL- 1 and 30 cfu mL- 1, respectively.

Lateral Flow Immunoassays for Ebola Virus Disease Detection in Liberia.

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Phan, Jill C; Pettitt, James; George, Josiah S; Fakoli, Lawrence S; Taweh, Fahn M; Bateman, Stacey L; Bennett, Richard S; Norris, Sarah L; Spinnler, David A; Pimentel, Guillermo; Sahr, Phillip K; Bolay, Fatorma K; Schoepp, Randal J

2016-10-15

Lateral flow immunoassays (LFIs) are point-of-care diagnostic assays that are designed for single use outside a formal laboratory, with in-home pregnancy tests the best-known example of these tests. Although the LFI has some limitations over more-complex immunoassay procedures, such as reduced sensitivity and the potential for false-positive results when using complex sample matrices, the assay has the benefits of a rapid time to result and ease of use. These benefits make it an attractive option for obtaining rapid results in an austere environment. In an outbreak of any magnitude, a field-based rapid diagnostic assay would allow proper patient transport and for safe burials to be conducted without the delay caused by transport of samples between remote villages and testing facilities. Use of such point-of-care instruments in the ongoing Ebola virus disease (EVD) outbreak in West Africa would have distinct advantages in control and prevention of local outbreaks, but proper understanding of the technology and interpretation of results are important. In this study, a LFI, originally developed by the Naval Medical Research Center for Ebola virus environmental testing, was evaluated for its ability to detect the virus in clinical samples in Liberia. Clinical blood and plasma samples and post mortem oral swabs submitted to the Liberian Institute for Biomedical Research, the National Public Health Reference Laboratory for EVD testing, were tested and compared to results of real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (rRT-PCR), using assays targeting Ebola virus glycoprotein and nucleoprotein. The LFI findings correlated well with those of the real-time RT-PCR assays used as benchmarks. Rapid antigen-detection tests such as LFIs are attractive alternatives to traditional immunoassays but have reduced sensitivity and specificity, resulting in increases in false-positive and false-negative results. An understanding of the strengths, weaknesses, and

Dona Amélia Queen Reformatory: A sanatorium for weak children

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do Nascimento, Dilene Raimundo

2008-12-01

Full Text Available This article intends to examine the conditions of the city of Rio de Janeiro, regarding the city's health safety or the living and housing conditions of its workers, which helped bringing about the spread of tuberculosis in the end of the 19th century and beginning of the 20th century. Evidencing the high incidence of tuberculosis at this time, it intends to verify the reasons for creating the Brazilian League Against Tuberculosis and its purpose, analyzing its project of assistance to children's health and its intervention to discipline, which resulted in the creation of the Dona Amélia Queen Reformatory.

Este artigo pretende examinar as condições da cidade do Rio de Janeiro, seja no que diz respeito à insalubridade da cidade seja em relação às condições de vida e moradia dos seus trabalhadores, que propiciavam a disseminação da tuberculose no final do século XIX e início do XX. Constatando-se a alta incidência da tuberculose nessa época, pretende-se verificar a motivação de criação e o propósito da Liga Brasileira contra a Tuberculose e analisar o seu projeto de assistência à saúde das crianças e sua intervenção disciplinar, que resultou na criação do Preventório Rainha Dona Amélia.

Inserção de alunos com deficiência no ensino regular: perfil da cidade de Marília Inclusion of students with disabilities in regular school: profile of the city of Marília

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Walkiria Gonçalves Reganhan

2008-12-01

Full Text Available Objetivou-se com esse estudo identificar o perfil de professores de ensino regular da cidade de Marília que tinham alunos com deficiências matriculados em suas salas de aula, bem como o perfil da clientela atendida por estes professores. Participaram do estudo 68 professores da cidade de Marília - SP que tinham alunos com deficiência matriculados em suas salas. O instrumento de coleta de dados utilizado foi um questionário contendo 13 questões divididas em 2 partes: 1 identificação dos participantes e 2 identificação dos alunos com deficiência. Os dados colhidos nos questionários foram submetidos à análise da freqüência absoluta e relativa. Foram identificadas 10 categorias. De acordo com os resultados dessa pesquisa, concluiu-se que a inserção do aluno com deficiência no ensino regular ocorre com a modificação da formação que favorece ao profissional o conhecimento e a compreensão das distintas formas de aprendizagem do seu alunado, a fim de estruturar sua própria prática pedagógica para atender, com qualidade, a diversidade.The aim of this study was to identify the profile of regular school teachers of Marília-SP, who have students with disabilities registered in their classrooms, as well as to identify the clientele these teachers were working with. Sixty eight teachers participated in the study in the city of Marília - SP, all of whom had students with disabilities in their classrooms. The instrument used to collect data was a questionnaire with 13 questions divided in 2 parts: 1 identification of participants and 2 identification of students with disabilities. The data was submitted to analysis of absolute and relative frequency. Ten categories were identified. We were able to conclude, based on the results of the study, that the inclusion of students with disabilities in regular school occurs due to changes in teacher development that enable professionals to acquire knowledge and understanding of the distinct

Rational design of Raman-labeled nanoparticles for a dual-modality, light scattering immunoassay on a polystyrene substrate.

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Israelsen, Nathan D; Wooley, Donald; Hanson, Cynthia; Vargis, Elizabeth

2016-01-01

Surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) is a powerful light scattering technique that can be used for sensitive immunoassay development and cell labeling. A major obstacle to using SERS is the complexity of fabricating SERS probes since they require nanoscale characterization and optical uniformity. The light scattering response of SERS probes may also be modulated by the substrate used for SERS analysis. A typical SERS substrate such as quartz can be expensive. Polystyrene is a cheaper substrate option but can decrease the SERS response due to interfering Raman emission peaks and high background fluorescence. The goal of this research is to develop an optimized process for fabricating Raman-labeled nanoparticles for a SERS-based immunoassay on a polystyrene substrate. We have developed a method for fabricating SERS nanoparticle probes for use in a light scattering immunoassay on a polystyrene substrate. The light scattering profile of both spherical gold nanoparticle and gold nanorod SERS probes were characterized using Raman spectroscopy and optical absorbance spectroscopy. The effects of substrate interference and autofluorescence were reduced by selecting a Raman reporter with a strong light scattering response in a spectral region where interfering substrate emission peaks are minimized. Both spherical gold nanoparticles and gold nanorods SERS probes used in the immunoassay were detected at labeling concentrations in the low pM range. This analytical sensitivity falls within the typical dynamic range for direct labeling of cell-surface biomarkers using SERS probes. SERS nanoparticle probes were fabricated to produce a strong light scattering signal despite substrate interference. The optical extinction and inelastic light scattering of these probes was detected by optical absorbance spectroscopy and Raman spectroscopy, respectively. This immunoassay demonstrates the feasibility of analyzing strongly enhanced Raman signals on polystyrene, which is an

Desafios do enfermeiro diante da dor e do sofrimento da família de pacientes fora de possibilidades terapêuticas

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Maria de Fátima Prado Fernandes

Full Text Available O presente trabalho trata-se de um estudo de abordagem qualitativa com o objetivo de identificar os desafios dos enfermeiros para assistir às famílias de pacientes fora de possibilidades terapêuticas diante da dor e do sofrimento. A coleta de dados ocorreu no ano de 2008, mediante entrevista semiestruturada, com dezoito enfermeiros que trabalhavam em Unidades de Terapia Intensiva de um hospital privado localizado no município de São Paulo, após aprovação do Comitê de Ética em Pesquisa. Utilizou-se a análise de conteúdo para a avaliação dos dados. Obtiveram-se três categorias: enfrentando os desafios para assistir a família, posicionamento esperado e orientar-se a partir da experiência. Evidenciou-se que, para assistir às famílias, há necessidade dos enfermeiros refletirem a respeito dos valores pessoais e éticos, bem como sobre o processo do morrer. Espera-se que haja troca de experiências entre os enfermeiros já experientes com os que iniciam tal prática no âmbito do cuidar.

Silver nanoparticles deposited on graphene oxide for ultrasensitive surface-enhanced Raman scattering immunoassay of cancer biomarker.

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Yang, Lin; Zhen, Shu Jun; Li, Yuan Fang; Huang, Cheng Zhi

2018-06-14

Graphene oxide (GO) exhibits distinctive Raman scattering features for its high frequency D (disordered) and tangential modes (G-band), which are characteristically sharp at 1580 cm-1 and 1350 cm-1, respectively, but are too weak for sensitive quantitation purposes. By depositing silver nanoparticles on the surface of GO in this contribution, both D and G bands of GO become enhanced. The enzyme label of this method controls the dissolution of silver nanoparticles on the surface of GO through hydrogen peroxide which is produced by the oxidation of the enzyme substrate. With the dissolution of the silver nanoparticles a greatly decreased SERS signal of GO was obtained. This strategy involves dual signal amplification of the enzyme and nanocomposites to improve the detection sensitivity. As a proof of concept, prostate specific antigen (PSA), a biomarker for prostate cancer, is successfully detected as a target by forming a sandwich structure in immunoassay. The SERS immunoassay possesses excellent analytical performance in the range 0.5 pg mL-1 to 500 pg mL-1 with a limit of detection of 0.23 pg mL-1, making the detection of PSA serum samples from prostate cancer patients satisfactory, demonstrating that the sensitive enzyme-assisted dissolved AgNPs SERS immunoassay of PSA has potential applications in clinical diagnosis.

Oriented antibody immobilization to polystyrene macrocarriers for immunoassay modified with hydrazide derivatives of poly(methacrylic acid

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Vinokurova Ludmila G

2001-08-01

Full Text Available Abstract Background Hydrophobic polystyrene is the most common material for solid phase immunoassay. Proteins are immobilized on polystyrene by passive adsorption, which often causes considerable denaturation. Biological macromolecules were found to better retain their functional activity when immobilized on hydrophilic materials. Polyacrylamide is a common material for solid-phase carriers of biological macromolecules, including immunoreagents used in affinity chromatography. New macroformats for immunoassay modified with activated polyacrylamide derivatives seem to be promising. Results New polymeric matrices for immunoassay in the form of 0.63-cm balls which contain hydrazide functional groups on hydrophilic polymer spacer arms at their surface shell are synthesized by modification of aldehyde-containing polystyrene balls with hydrazide derivatives of poly(methacrylic acid. The beads contain up to 0.31 μmol/cm2 active hydrazide groups accessible for covalent reaction with periodate-oxidized antibodies. The matrices obtained allow carrying out the oriented antibody immobilization, which increases the functional activity of immunosorbents. Conclusions An efficient site-directed antibody immobilization on a macrosupport is realized. The polymer hydrophilic spacer arms are the most convenient and effective tools for oriented antibody coupling with molded materials. The suggested scheme can be used for the modification of any other solid supports containing electrophilic groups reacting with hydrazides.

A competitive enzyme immunoassay for the quantitative detection of cocaine from banknotes and latent fingermarks.

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van der Heide, Susan; Garcia Calavia, Paula; Hardwick, Sheila; Hudson, Simon; Wolff, Kim; Russell, David A

2015-05-01

A sensitive and versatile competitive enzyme immunoassay (cEIA) has been developed for the quantitative detection of cocaine in complex forensic samples. Polyclonal anti-cocaine antibody was purified from serum and deposited onto microtiter plates. The concentration of the cocaine antibody adsorbed onto the plates, and the dilution of the cocaine-HRP hapten were both studied to achieve an optimised immunoassay. The method was successfully used to quantify cocaine in extracts taken from both paper currency and latent fingermarks. The limit of detection (LOD) of 0.162ngmL(-1) achieved with the assay compares favourably to that of conventional chromatography-mass spectroscopy techniques, with an appropriate sensitivity for the quantification of cocaine at the low concentrations present in some forensic samples. The cEIA was directly compared to LC-MS for the analysis of ten UK banknote samples. The results obtained from both techniques were statistically similar, suggesting that the immunoassay was unaffected by cross-reactivity with potentially interfering compounds. The cEIA was used also for the detection of cocaine in extracts from latent fingermarks. The results obtained were compared to the cocaine concentrations detected in oral fluid sampled from the same individual. Using the cEIA, we have shown, for the first time, that endogeneously excreted cocaine can be detected and quantified from a single latent fingermark. Additionally, it has been shown that the presence of cocaine, at similar concentrations, in more than one latent fingermark from the same individual can be linked with those concentrations found in oral fluid. These results show that detection of drugs in latent fingermarks could directly indicate whether an individual has consumed the drug. The specificity and feasibility of measuring low concentrations of cocaine in complex forensic samples demonstrate the effectiveness and robustness of the assay. The immunoassay presents a simple and cost

False-negative syphilis treponemal enzyme immunoassay results in an HIV-infected case-patient.

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Katz, Alan R; Komeya, Alan Y; Tomas, Juval E

2017-06-01

We present a case report of a false-negative syphilis treponemal enzyme immunoassay test result in an HIV-infected male. While treponemal tests are widely considered to be more sensitive and specific than non-treponemal tests, our findings point to potential challenges using the reverse sequence syphilis screening algorithm.

Sistema de exercício online para apoio a aprendizagem de Medicina Legal na Universidade de Brasília

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Malthus Fonseca Galvão

Full Text Available O propósito deste estudo retrospectivo foi avaliar o padrão de utilização do sistema de exercícios on-line, facultativos, assíncronos, para o apoio à aprendizagem da disciplina Medicina Legal e Deontologia Médica na Universidade de Brasília. Os sujeitos foram 38 alunos que cursaram a disciplina no segundo semestre de 2005. O sistema oferecia conteúdos textuais e imagens que podiam ser acessados anonimamente. Para a resolução dos exercícios do tipo "verdadeiro" ou "falso", alguns com imagens, era necessário que os alunos se identificassem por senha, o que permitiu o monitoramento. Os resultados mostraram que 32 alunos (84% realizaram exercícios on-line, com uma média de 183 respostas por aluno, entre os que aderiram; 52% dos exercícios foram resolvidos nas últimas 24 horas antes da prova; 62,3% dos exercícios foram resolvidos entre 19h e 01h. Conclui-se que os alunos, num sistema facultativo, concentram seus esforços na véspera da prova, o que diminui a eficiência do sistema, sugerindo que técnicas de motivação para o uso regular desse tipo de sistema devem ser implementadas.

A família em saúde mental: subsídios para o cuidado clínico de enfermagem

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Kely Vanessa Leite Gomes da Silva

2011-10-01

Full Text Available Trata-se de reflexão teórica sobre cuidado clínico de enfermagem em saúde mental dado à família. Diante da existência de um membro em sofrimento psíquico, a família delegava ao manicômio o cuidado do seu parente, cabendo à enfermagem colaborar com o trabalho médico, organizando o ambiente e garantindo o isolamento familiar e social. Com o advento da Reforma Psiquiátrica, pautada na proposta de atenção psicossocial, a família passa a ser alvo de atenção dos profissionais de saúde. Enquanto subsídios para o cuidado clínico de enfermagem em saúde mental, acredita-se na necessidade de mudança conceitual, na implementação da educação em saúde, no trabalho interdisciplinar e na clínica ampliada, garantindo a integralidade e a autonomia dos sujeitos. Compreende-se que o cuidado clínico de enfermagem deve permear a politização dos sujeitos, na qual os atores militam em busca da produção de autonomia e as práticas envolvem dignidade, criatividade, acolhimento, interdisciplinaridade, escuta e compartilhamento de saberes.

REASSENTAMENTO DE FAMÍLIAS SOB LINHAS DE TRANSMISSÃO DE ENERGIA ELÉTRICA: UM ESTUDO DE RESPONSABILIDADE SOCIAL

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Conceição Dilene Batista Cavalcanti

2011-12-01

Full Text Available O objeto do estudo do presente artigo foi analisar a percepção, dos moradores da Vila Mauricéia na cidade de Montes Claros, quanto a implantação do projeto de intervenção social, realizado através da parceria Cemig/Prefeitura no reassentamento de 145 famílias, sendo 48 na primeira etapa, que residem sob a linha de transmissão de energia elétrica. Partiu-se de um referencial teórico baseado nos conceitos de intervenções sociais, percepções e engajamento e Responsabilidade Social, passando logo em seguida para o levantamento de dados, realizado através de uma pesquisa de natureza quantitativa, que se deu através de duas etapas; a primeira apresentando a caracterização dos respondentes e a segunda com aplicação de formulários semi-estruturados. A pesquisa apontou que 70% das famílias beneficiadas têm conhecimento do projeto, aprovam o convênio estabelecido entre a parceria, acreditam na mitigação do risco eminente, após a retirada das famílias e tem uma perspectiva positiva quanto a melhoria substancial da qualidade de vida dos reassentados, por fim atribuem credibilidade às ações de responsabilidade social que serão desenvolvidas na comunidade.

Targeted deposition of antibodies on a multiplex CMOS microarray and optimization of a sensitive immunoassay using electrochemical detection.

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John Cooper

2010-03-01

Full Text Available The CombiMatrix ElectraSense microarray is a highly multiplex, complementary metal oxide semiconductor with 12,544 electrodes that are individually addressable. This platform is commercially available as a custom DNA microarray; and, in this configuration, it has also been used to tether antibodies (Abs specifically on electrodes using complementary DNA sequences conjugated to the Abs.An empirical method is described for developing and optimizing immunoassays on the CombiMatrix ElectraSense microarray based upon targeted deposition of polypyrrole (Ppy and capture Ab. This process was automated using instrumentation that can selectively apply a potential or current to individual electrodes and also measure current generated at the electrodes by an enzyme-enhanced electrochemical (ECD reaction. By designating groups of electrodes on the array for different Ppy deposition conditions, we determined that the sensitivity and specificity of a sandwich immunoassay for staphylococcal enterotoxin B (SEB is influenced by the application of different voltages or currents and the application time. The sandwich immunoassay used a capture Ab adsorbed to the Ppy and a reporter Ab labeled for fluorescence detection or ECD, and results from these methods of detection were different.Using Ppy deposition conditions for optimum results, the lower limit of detection for SEB using the ECD assay was between 0.003 and 0.01 pg/ml, which represents an order of magnitude improvement over a conventional enzyme-linked immunosorbant assay. In the absence of understanding the variables and complexities that affect assay performance, this highly multiplexed electrode array provided a rapid, high throughput, and empirical approach for developing a sensitive immunoassay.

Upconverting nanophosphors as reporters in a highly sensitive heterogeneous immunoassay for cardiac troponin I

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Sirkka, Nina, E-mail: nkelon@utu.fi; Lyytikäinen, Annika; Savukoski, Tanja; Soukka, Tero

2016-06-21

Photon upconverting nanophosphors (UCNPs) have a unique capability to produce anti-Stokes emission at visible wavelengths via sequential multiphoton absorption upon infrared excitation. Since the anti-Stokes emission can be easily spectrally resolved from the Stokes' shifted autofluorescence, the upconversion luminescence (UCL) is a highly attractive reporter technology for optical biosensors and biomolecular binding assays – potentially enabling unprecedented sensitivity in separation-based solid-phase immunoassays. UCL technology has not previously been applied in sensitive detection of cardiac troponin I (cTnI), which requires highly sensitive detection to enable accurate and timely diagnosis of myocardial infarction. We have developed an UCL-based immunoassay for cTnI using NaYF{sub 4}: Yb{sup 3+}, Er{sup 3+} UCNPs as reporters. Biotinylated anti-cTnI monoclonal antibody (Mab) and Fab fragment immobilized to streptavidin-coated wells were used to capture cTnI. Captured cTnI was detected from dry well surface after a 15 min incubation with poly(acrylic acid) coated UCNPs conjugated to second anti-cTnI Mab. UCL was measured with a dedicated UCL microplate reader. The UCL-based immunoassay allowed sensitive detection of cTnI. The limit of detection was 3.14 ng L{sup −1}. The calibration curve was linear up to cTnI concentration 50,000 ng L{sup −1}. Plasma recoveries of added cTnI were 92–117%. Obtained cTnI concentrations from five normal plasma samples were 4.13–10.7 ng L{sup −1} (median 5.06 ng L{sup −1}). There is yet significant potential for even further improved limit of detection by reducing non-specifically bound fraction of the Mab-conjugated UCNPs. The assay background with zero calibrator was over 40-fold compared to the background obtained from wells where the reporter conjugate had been excluded. - Highlights: • Detection of attomole analyte quantity in microwell using upconversion luminescence. • Upconverting

Dot immunoassay for the simultaneous determination of postvaccination immunity against pertussis, diphtheria, and tetanus.

Science.gov (United States)

Khramtsov, Pavel; Bochkova, Maria; Timganova, Valeria; Zamorina, Svetlana; Rayev, Mikhail

2017-06-01

A dot immunoassay for simultaneous semiquantitative detection of IgG against tetanus toxoid (Ttx) and diphtheria toxoid (Dtx) and qualitative detection of anti-Bordetella pertussis IgGs in human blood serum using carbon nanoparticles functionalized with streptococcal protein G was developed. Inactivated B. pertussis cells in suspension form were used as an antigen in the immunoassay. Pertussis, tetanus, and diphtheria antigens were separately spotted onto nitrocellulose strips, and then the immunostrips were successively incubated with blood sera and a suspension of carbon nanoparticles. The immunostrips were then scanned with a flatbed scanner, and the images obtained were processed with ImageJ. One hundred fifty-five venous blood serum samples from children vaccinated with diphtheria, tetanus, and whole-cell pertussis (DTwP) vaccine were tested in comparison with a conventional ELISA and agglutination test. The total time required for analysis of 32 serum samples was less than 3 h. Comparison between the results of the dot immunoassay and the corresponding ELISA/agglutination test revealed a high level of agreement (Cohen's kappa between 0.765 and 0.813). The lower limit of quantification was 0.06 IU/ml for anti-Ttx and anti-Dtx. The intra-assay coefficients of variation were less than 15% for anti-Ttx and anti-Dtx and less than 10% for anti-pertussis. The diagnostic sensitivity of detection of the antibody protection level was 93.5% for anti-Ttx [95% confidence interval (CI) 83.5-97.9%], 92.4% for anti-Dtx (95% CI 80.9297.5%), and 90.2% for anti-pertussis (95% CI 75.9-96.8%). The diagnostic specificity was 90.9% for anti-Ttx (95% CI 57.1-99.5%), 85% for anti-Dtx (95% CI 61.1-96.0%), and 89.3% for anti-pertussis (95%CI 80.8-94.5%). The dot immunoassay developed does not require expensive reading equipment, and allows detection of antibodies against three antigens in a single analysis. The immunostrips can be stored for a long time without changes in the

Determination of phospholipid transfer proteins in rat tissues by immunoassays

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Teerlink, T.

1983-01-01

Several quantitative immunoassays have been developed for two phospholipid transfer proteins from rat liver, i.e. the phosphatidylcholine transfer protein and the non-specific lipid transfer protein. The development of a double-antibody radioimmunoassay for the phosphatidylcholine transfer protein is described. The transfer protein was labelled with iodine-125 by the mild glucose oxidase-lactoperoxidase method. Although less than one tyrosine residue per molecule of transfer protein was labelled, only 20% of the labelled transfer protein was immunoprecipitable. This value could be increased to 80% by purifying the labelled protein by affinity chromatography on a column of anti-phosphatidylcholine transfer protein-IgG coupled to Sepharose 4B. The radioimmunoassay was used to determine the levels of phosphatidylcholine transfer protein in homogenates and 105 000 xg supernatants from various rat tissues as well as several Morris hepatomas. An enzyme immunoassay for the non-specific lipid transfer protein is also described. The antiserum that was raised especially by the author was cross-reactive with the non-specific lipid transfer protein present in 105 000 xg supernatants from human, mouse and bovine liver. The non-specific lipid transfer protein lost its immunoreactivity upon labelling with iodine-125 using different labelling techniques. Therefore, a regular radioimmunoassay could not be developed. The results of these different assays were compared. (Auth.)

Multiplex detection of plant pathogens using a microsphere immunoassay technology.

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Ratthaphol Charlermroj

Full Text Available Plant pathogens are a serious problem for seed export, plant disease control and plant quarantine. Rapid and accurate screening tests are urgently required to protect and prevent plant diseases spreading worldwide. A novel multiplex detection method was developed based on microsphere immunoassays to simultaneously detect four important plant pathogens: a fruit blotch bacterium Acidovorax avenae subsp. citrulli (Aac, chilli vein-banding mottle virus (CVbMV, potyvirus, watermelon silver mottle virus (WSMoV, tospovirus serogroup IV and melon yellow spot virus (MYSV, tospovirus. An antibody for each plant pathogen was linked on a fluorescence-coded magnetic microsphere set which was used to capture corresponding pathogen. The presence of pathogens was detected by R-phycoerythrin (RPE-labeled antibodies specific to the pathogens. The assay conditions were optimized by identifying appropriate antibody pairs, blocking buffer, concentration of RPE-labeled antibodies and assay time. Once conditions were optimized, the assay was able to detect all four plant pathogens precisely and accurately with substantially higher sensitivity than enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA when spiked in buffer and in healthy watermelon leaf extract. The assay time of the microsphere immunoassay (1 hour was much shorter than that of ELISA (4 hours. This system was also shown to be capable of detecting the pathogens in naturally infected plant samples and is a major advancement in plant pathogen detection.

Multiplex detection of plant pathogens using a microsphere immunoassay technology.

Science.gov (United States)

Charlermroj, Ratthaphol; Himananto, Orawan; Seepiban, Channarong; Kumpoosiri, Mallika; Warin, Nuchnard; Oplatowska, Michalina; Gajanandana, Oraprapai; Grant, Irene R; Karoonuthaisiri, Nitsara; Elliott, Christopher T

2013-01-01

Plant pathogens are a serious problem for seed export, plant disease control and plant quarantine. Rapid and accurate screening tests are urgently required to protect and prevent plant diseases spreading worldwide. A novel multiplex detection method was developed based on microsphere immunoassays to simultaneously detect four important plant pathogens: a fruit blotch bacterium Acidovorax avenae subsp. citrulli (Aac), chilli vein-banding mottle virus (CVbMV, potyvirus), watermelon silver mottle virus (WSMoV, tospovirus serogroup IV) and melon yellow spot virus (MYSV, tospovirus). An antibody for each plant pathogen was linked on a fluorescence-coded magnetic microsphere set which was used to capture corresponding pathogen. The presence of pathogens was detected by R-phycoerythrin (RPE)-labeled antibodies specific to the pathogens. The assay conditions were optimized by identifying appropriate antibody pairs, blocking buffer, concentration of RPE-labeled antibodies and assay time. Once conditions were optimized, the assay was able to detect all four plant pathogens precisely and accurately with substantially higher sensitivity than enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) when spiked in buffer and in healthy watermelon leaf extract. The assay time of the microsphere immunoassay (1 hour) was much shorter than that of ELISA (4 hours). This system was also shown to be capable of detecting the pathogens in naturally infected plant samples and is a major advancement in plant pathogen detection.

O aprendizado do cuidar da família da criança hospitalizada por meio de atividades grupais

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Carla Natalina da Silva Fernandes

2006-04-01

Full Text Available Este estudo teve como objetivo conhecer o aprendizado do aluno no processo de cuidar do familiar acompanhante da criança/adolescente hospitalizado. Trata-se de um estudo descritivo exploratório, de abordagem qualitativa. A investigação foi realizada com 12 acadêmicos da 5ª série do curso de graduação em enfermagem da Faculdade de Enfermagem da Universidade Federal de Goiás. Para a coleta de dados, utilizamos uma entrevista semi-estruturada aplicada aos alunos entre os meses de dezembro 2004 a janeiro de 2005. A análise foi fundamentada nos pressupostos da análise temática de BARDIN (1977 que permitiu a identificação de duas categorias: 1Entendendo a formação acadêmica dos enfermeiros para o cuidado às famílias, que explora o modo como os alunos percebem a sua formação para cuidar da criança e de sua família e 2 O significado do cuidar por meio das atividades grupais, que destaca os aspectos do aprendizado da utilização das atividades grupais junto aos familiares. Ressaltamos que, na perspectiva dos alunos, essa foi uma experiência importante por proporcionar momentos de aproximação e facilitação do cuidado oferecido à criança e sua família, bem como possibilitou a reflexão sobre as habilidades necessárias para o pensar e fazer o cuidado humanizado no contexto das relações estabelecidas entre família-cliente-enfermeiros. Os alunos apontam ainda alguns aspectos que sentem necessidade de melhorias por parte dos docentes e da própria instituição de saúde, mostrando a relevância de considerarmos a avaliação do aluno um instrumento para constante renovação das práticas pedagógicas, assim como para a melhoria da qualidade da assistência em saúde.

Comparison of antibody responses to human papillomavirus vaccination as measured by three assays

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Hilary Ann Robbins

2014-01-01

Full Text Available Background: Different assays, including the competitive Luminex immunoassay (cLIA, secreted alkaline phosphatase neutralization assay (SEAP-NA, and virus-like particle-based ELISA, are commonly used to measure antibody responses after human papillomavirus (HPV vaccination. Direct assay comparisons aid interpretation of immunogenicity data evaluated by different assays. Methods: We compared cLIA to SEAP-NA and ELISA among 51 HPV16/18-vaccinated women enrolled in the Costa Rica Vaccine Trial. We tested replicate serum samples collected at months 0, 1, and 12 by HPV16/18 cLIA, SEAP-NA, and ELISA. For a subset (N=10, we further tested month 24 and 36 samples. We calculated seroprevalence estimates and Spearman rank correlation coefficients comparing cLIA to SEAP-NA and ELISA.Results: After one vaccine dose, seroprevalence by SEAP-NA and ELISA was 100% (both HPV16 and HPV18, and by cLIA was 96% (95% CI 87%-100% for HPV16 and 71% (95% CI 56%-83% for HPV18. Seroprevalence was 100% by all assays after 3 doses. Correlation between assays was high after one vaccine dose (cLIA/SEAP-NA ρ=0.91 (HPV16 and ρ=0.86 (HPV18; cLIA/ELISA ρ=0.84 (HPV16 and ρ=0.74 (HPV18; all p<0.001 and remained high through month 36. Ratios of mean antibody levels to seropositivity cutoffs at month 36 were lower for cLIA than for SEAP-NA or ELISA, particularly for HPV18 (HPV18 ratio for cLIA 1.9, SEAP-NA 3.5, ELISA 3.4.Conclusion: Though correlation between cLIA and SEAP-NA/ELISA is high and stable after vaccination, the assays differ in scale and sensitivity, with notable differences after 1 vaccine dose and for HPV18. Our results demonstrate that comparisons of antibody responses to HPV vaccination measured by different assays are approximate, and must consider biological and technical differences between assays.

In-electrode vs. on-electrode: ultrasensitive Faraday cage-type electrochemiluminescence immunoassay.

Science.gov (United States)

Guo, Zhiyong; Sha, Yuhong; Hu, Yufang; Wang, Sui

2016-03-28

A new-concept of an "in-electrode" Faraday cage-type electrochemiluminescence immunoassay (ECLIA) method for the ultrasensitive detection of neurotensin (NT) was reported with capture antibody (Ab1)-nanoFe3O4@graphene (GO) and detector antibody (Ab2)&N-(4-aminobutyl)-N-ethylisoluminol (ABEI)@GO, which led to about 1000-fold improvement in sensitivity by extending the Helmholtz plane (OHP) of the proposed electrode assembly effectively.

An anti-phospholipase A2 receptor quantitative immunoassay and epitope analysis in membranous nephropathy reveals different antigenic domains of the receptor.

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Astrid Behnert

Full Text Available The phospholipase A2 receptor (PLA2R was recently discovered as a target autoantigen in patients with idiopathic membranous nephropathy (IMN. Published evidence suggests that the autoantibodies directed towards a conformation dependent epitope are currently effectively detected by a cell based assay (CBA utilizing indirect immunofluorescence (IIF on tissue culture cells transfected with the PLA2R cDNA. Limitations of such IIF-CBA assays include observer dependent subjective evaluation of semi-quantitative test results and the protocols are not amenable to high throughput diagnostic testing. We developed a quantitative, observer independent, high throughput capture immunoassay for detecting PLA2R autoantibodies on an addressable laser bead immunoassay (ALBIA platform. Since reactive domains of PLA2R (i.e. epitopes could be used to improve diagnostic tests by using small peptides in various high throughput diagnostic platforms, we identified PLA2R epitopes that bound autoantibodies of IMN patients. These studies confirmed that inter-molecular epitope spreading occurs in IMN but use of the cognate synthetic peptides in immunoassays was unable to conclusively distinguish between IMN patients and normal controls. However, combinations of these peptides were able to effectively absorb anti-PLA2R reactivity in IIF-CBA and an immunoassay that employed a lysate derived from HEK cells tranfected with and overexpressing PLA2R. While we provide evidence of intermolecular epitope spreading, our data indicates that in addition to conformational epitopes, human anti-PLA2R reactivity in a commercially available CBA and an addressable laser bead immunoassay is significantly absorbed by peptides representing epitopes of PLA2R.

Brasília dialogando com o self - doi: 10.5102/ucs.v1i2.512

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Francisco Angelo Cechin

2008-04-01

Full Text Available Brasília é a cidade que constitui nossa casa. Uma casa muito bem dividida em compartimentos. A casa é um lugar onde nossa personalidade se forma e de onde retira inúmeras fontes de prazer, alegria e vivências. Queiramos ou não o lugar onde vivemos nos fala à consciência e registra em nossa memória suas influências. É uma pena que, muitas vezes, pela indiferença ou pela constante preocupação pela sobrevivência nossa mente não tem mais acesso ao diálogo relacional que se dá entre o real externo e nosso psiquismo ou self inconsciente. Nossos olhos vêem, nossos sentidos sentem suas mensagens que chegam ao nosso íntimo, mas a consciência é impedida de vivenciar seus efeitos. Este artigo convida a escutar este diálogo, e transformá-lo em criatividade interior e sobre o externo - Brasília.

Estátuas, um mysterium tremendum, em Cecília Meireles e Dora Ferreira da Silva

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Enivalda Nunes Freitas e Souza

2011-12-01

Full Text Available Este artigo aproxima a temática da estatuária nas poéticas de Dora Ferreira da Silva e Cecília Meireles, explorando o simbolismo da pedra relacionado à morte e a alma das coisas na forma fria das estátuas. Nos poemas dessas autoras, as imitações da pedra evocam o mysterium tremendum. Mensageiras do sagrado intocável que incita e invade o reino dos mortais, as estátuas parecem resistir à vida aprisionada no mármore com seu tanto de terrífico e fascinante que ponteia o divino e o humano. Daí a recorrência das poetas a esse simbolismo – que imita a vida sem ter vida – como uma forma de diminuir a intensidade de um mistério que só os deuses conhecem, o sentido da eternidade.Palavras-chave: Poesia brasileira; Cecília Meireles; Dora Ferreira da Silva; Estatuária; Mysterium tremendum.

O empoderamento feminino e as mulheres do programa Bolsa Família

OpenAIRE

Williams, Priscila

2016-01-01

A luta por empoderamento das mulheres remonta às primeiras lutas feministas, mas isso parece ser ainda mais difícil para as mulheres pobres. Neste trabalho, busca-se compreender o processo de empoderamento das mulheres bene ciárias do Programa Bolsa Família, a partir do início do recebimento do benefício. A partir do relato dessas mulheres, pode-se observar que ainda há muito que ser feito para o efetivo rompimento da pobreza. 

Analytical evaluation of the novel Lumipulse G BRAHMS procalcitonin immunoassay

OpenAIRE

Ruzzenente, Orazio; Salvagno, Gian Luca; Gelati, Matteo; Lippi, Giuseppe

2016-01-01

Objectives: This study was designed to evaluate the analytical performance of the novel Lumipulse G1200 BRAHMS procalcitonin (PCT) immunoassay. Design and methods: This analytical evaluation encompassed the calculation of the limit of blank (LOB), limit of detection (LOD), functional sensitivity, intra- and inter-assay imprecision, confirmation of linearity and a comparison with the Vidas BRAHMS PCT assay. Results: The LOB, LOD and functional sensitivity were 0.0010 ng/mL, 0.0016 ng/mL and ...

Análise de uma fotografia de família

OpenAIRE

Antunes, Maria da Conceicao Ferreira; UQÁM - Université du Quebec à Montreal 405 -rue St. Catherine Est Montreal, QC. H2L 2C4 Quebec, Canadá

2015-01-01

O presente artigo tem como objectivo refletir sobre o uso da fotografia enquanto instrumento de investigação. A partir de uma fotografia de família a autora propõe-se reconstituir, com recurso à memória, o imaginário social dos seus personagens e entender a sua ligação a outros espaços. A emigração surge assim como uma constante estrutural incontornável que atravessa as gerações de ilhéus, contribuindo para importantes transformações na paisagem urbana e social das ilhas. A dupla pertença, a ...

Gênero, família e globalização Gender, family and globalization

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Anita Brumer

2009-06-01

Full Text Available Neste texto faz-se uma resenha dos seis artigos incluídos no dossiê Gênero, família e globalização, mostrando tanto aspectos que apresentam em comum como algumas de suas peculiaridades. Uma abordagem comum a todos é a análise da sociedade contemporânea, com base nas mudanças ocorridas no plano mundial mas com resultados específicos para alguns países. Outro aspecto comum é a perspectiva de gênero, que aparece de maneira clara ou implícita. As particularidades dizem respeito à relação entre gênero e raça, o enfoque na família e a teoria queer.The author of this text reviews six articles included in the Gender, family and globalization file, showing both the aspects shared by them and some of their particularities. An common approach to all is the analysis of contemporary society, on basis of the changes occurred in the world-wide plan but with results special for some countries. They also share the perspective of gender, which appears in clear or implicit way. The particularities concern the relation between gender and race, the family approach and the queer theory.

High-speed two-frame gated camera for parameters measurement of Dragon-Ⅰ LIA

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Jiang Xiaoguo; Wang Yuan; Zhang Kaizhi; Shi Jinshui; Deng Jianjun; Li Jin

2012-01-01

The time-resolved measurement system which can work at very high speed is necessary in electron beam parameter diagnosis for Dragon-Ⅰ linear induction accelerator (LIA). A two-frame gated camera system has been developed and put into operation. The camera system adopts the optical principle of splitting the imaging light beam into two parts in the imaging space of a lens with long focus length. It includes lens coupled gated image intensifier, CCD camera, high speed shutter trigger device based on large scale field programmable gate array. The minimum exposure time for each image is about 3 ns, and the interval time between two images can be adjusted with a step of about 0.5 ns. The exposure time and the interval time can be independently adjusted and can reach about 1 s. The camera system features good linearity, good response uniformity, equivalent background illumination (EBI) as low as about 5 electrons per pixel per second, large adjustment range of sensitivity, and excel- lent flexibility and adaptability in applications. The camera system can capture two frame images at one time with the image size of 1024 x 1024. It meets the requirements of measurement for Dragon-Ⅰ LIA. (authors)

Programa bolsa família: a condicionante saúde realmente existe?

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Núbia Maria Uchôa Barbosa

2014-12-01

Full Text Available Historicamente, o Sistema de Proteção Social do Brasil se caracteriza por apresentar uma estrutura dual de seguridade social: aos grupos mais vulneráveis socialmente e não inseridos no mercado de trabalho, destina-se a assistência social, enquanto os trabalhadores inseridos no mercado formal de trabalho vinculam-se à previdência social. As camadas pobres da sociedade brasileira, marcadas pela quase ausência de pressão social e sem posição sócio-ocupacional definida, em alguns momentos históricos, foram beneficiadas, e seu atendimento sempre foi justificado como um ato humanitário ou uma moeda política(1. Nesse aspecto, destaca-se o Programa Bolsa Família (PBF, como um programa de combate à pobreza, criado através de Medida Provisória n.o 132/2003, transformado em Lei n.o 10.836/2004 e regulamentado por Decreto n.o 5.209/2004. Foi iniciado em outubro de 2003 e constituído através da unificação de quatro programas de transferência de renda: Bolsa Escola, Auxílio-Gás, Bolsa Alimentação e Cartão Alimentação(2. A gestão do Programa Bolsa Família é descentralizada e compartilhada entre União, estados, Distrito Federal e municípios. Os entes federados trabalham em conjunto para aperfeiçoar, ampliar e fiscalizar a execução. O programa é destinado a famílias em situações de extrema pobreza e pobreza(3. Desde 2004, o PBF encontra-se vinculado ao Ministério do Desenvolvimento Social e Combate à Fome (MDS, mais especificamente à Secretaria Nacional de Renda de Cidadania (Senarc. A inserção das famílias no programa é feita mediante inscrição no Cadastro Único (CadÚnico, de gestão municipal, do qual são selecionadas, de acordo com os critérios do governo federal para o recebimento do benefício(4. Uma das questões mais polêmicas sobre os programas de combate à pobreza é o alcance de sua efetividade. Em pesquisa realizada em 2006(1, em João Pessoa-PB, junto a vinte mães beneficiárias do PBF, os

Radio-immunoassays for glucagon-like peptides 1 and 2 (GLP-1 and GLP-2)

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Orskov, C; Holst, J J

1987-01-01

Gene-sequencing studies have shown that the glucagon precursor contains two additional glucagon-like sequences, the so-called glucagon-like peptides 1 and 2 (GLP-1 and GLP-2). We developed radio-immunoassays against synthetic peptides corresponding to these sequences. Antisera were raised in rabb...

Monoclonal antibody-based broad-specificity immunoassay for monitoring organophosphorus pesticides in environmental water samples

Science.gov (United States)

The extensive use of organophosphorus pesticides (OPs) in agriculture and domestic settings can result in widespread water contamination. The development of easy-to-use and rapid-screening immunoassay methods in a class-selective manner is a topic of considerable environmental interest. In this wo...

Sensitive and rapid immunoassay for parathyroid hormone using magnetic particle labels and magnetic actuation

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Dittmer, W.U.; Kievit, de P.; Prins, M.W.J.; Vissers, J.L.M.; Mersch, M.E.C.; Martens, M.F.W.C.

2008-01-01

A rapid method for the sensitive detection of proteins using actuated magnetic particle labels, which are measured with a giant magneto-resistive (GMR) biosensor, is described. The technique involves a 1-step sandwich immunoassay with no fluid replacement steps. The various assay binding reactions

A família revelando-se como um ser de direitos durante a internação hospitalar da criança

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Daiani Modernel Xavier

2013-12-01

Full Text Available Estudo descritivo, de abordagem qualitativa, realizado no segundo semestre de 2011, em uma Unidade de Pediatria de uma cidade do extremo sul do país. Objetivou-se conhecer as situações em que as famílias se revelam como seres de direito durante a internação hospitalar da criança. Participaram quinze familiares cuidadores divididos em três grupos amostrais. A coleta de dados foi realizada por meio de entrevistas semiestruturadas, e os dados foram analisados pela análise aberta, axial e seletiva. Teve como referencial metodológico a Teoria Fundamentada nos Dados. Verificou-se que a família revela-se como um ser de direitos, quando a reconhecem como tal; solicita e luta por seus direitos; sugere melhorias para o cuidado e mantém sua autonomia, mesmo que tenha que se submeter às decisões da equipe em prol da criança. Concluiu-se ser fundamental permitir que estas sejam famílias no hospital, possibilitando o exercício de seus direitos e cidadania.

Discursos em disputa: uma leitura alternativa acerca dos dilemas da ação internacional na Somália durante a década de 1990

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Marta Regina Fernandez Y Garcia Moreno

2014-01-01

Full Text Available O artigo aborda os dilemas enfrentados pelos atores internacionais nas operações de paz levadas a cabo na Somália na década de 1990. Busca-se evidenciar as narrativas divergentes articuladas pelos Estados Unidos e pelas Nações Unidas vis-à-vis o "Outro" somali. Sugere-se que os principais dilemas experimentados pela ONU e pelos Estados Unidos na Somália não foram de natureza técnica, concernente a problemas de coordenação entre as principais forças envolvidas, como usualmente se argumenta. Diferentemente, argumenta-se que existiu uma disputa de natureza política entre os Estados Unidos e a ONU na Somália, amparada por discursos distintos sobre o "Outro" somali.

Factitious Graves' Disease Due to Biotin Immunoassay Interference-A Case and Review of the Literature.

Science.gov (United States)

Elston, Marianne S; Sehgal, Shekhar; Du Toit, Stephen; Yarndley, Tania; Conaglen, John V

2016-09-01

Biotin (vitamin B7) is an essential co-factor for four carboxylases involved in fatty acid metabolism, leucine degradation, and gluconeogenesis. The recommended daily intake (RDI) of biotin is approximately 30 μg per day. Low-moderate dose biotin is a common component of multivitamin preparations, and high-dose biotin (10 000 times RDI) has been reported to improve clinical outcomes and quality of life in patients with progressive multiple sclerosis. Biotin is also a component of immunoassays, and supplementation may cause interference in both thyroid and non-thyroid immunoassays. To assess whether biotin ingestion caused abnormal thyroid function tests (TFTs) in a patient through assay interference. We report a patient with biotin-associated abnormal TFTs and a systematic review of the literature. A tertiary endocrine service in Hamilton, New Zealand. The patient had markedly abnormal TFTs that did not match the clinical context. After biotin cessation, TFTs normalized far more rapidly than possible given the half-life of T4, consistent with assay interference by biotin. Multiple other analytes also tested abnormal in the presence of biotin. Biotin ingested in moderate to high doses can cause immunoassay interference. Depending on the assay format, biotin interference can result in either falsely high or low values. Interference is not limited to thyroid tests and has the potential to affect a wide range of analytes. It is important for clinicians to be aware of this interaction to prevent misdiagnosis and inappropriate treatment.

Evolution of iron crust and clayey Ferralsol in deeply weathered sandstones of Marília Formation (Western Minas Gerais State, Brazil)

Science.gov (United States)

Rosolen, Vania; Bueno, Guilherme Taitson; Melfi, Adolpho José; Montes, Célia Regina; de Sousa Coelho, Carla Vanessa; Ishida, Débora Ayumi; Govone, José Silvio

2017-11-01

Extensive flat plateaus are typical landforms in the cratonic compartment of tropical regions. Paleoclimate, pediplanation, laterization, and dissection have created complex and distinct geological, geomorphological, and pedological features in these landscapes. In the Brazilian territory, the flat plateau sculpted in sandstone of Marília Formation (Neocretaceous) belonging to the Sul-Americana surface presents a very clayey and pisolitic Ferralsol (Red and Yellow Latossolo in the Brazilian soil classification). The clayey texture of soil and the pisolites have been considered as weathering products of a Cenozoic detritical formation which is believed to overlay the Marília Formation sandstones. Using data of petrography (optical microscopy and SEM), mineralogy (RXD), and macroscopic structures (description in the field of the arrangement of horizons and layers), a complete profile of Ferralsol with ferricrete and pisolites was studied. The complex succession of facies is in conformity with a sedimentary structure of Serra da Galga member (uppermost member of Marília Formation). The hardening hematite concentration appears as layered accretions in the subparallel clayey lenses of sandstone saprolite, preserving its structure. Iron contents varied according to different soil fabrics. Higher concentrations of iron are found in the massive ferricrete or in pisolites in the mottled horizon. Kaolinite is a dominant clay mineral and shows two micro-organizations: (1) massive fabric intrinsic to the sedimentary rock, and (2) reworked in pisolites and illuviated features. The pisolites are relicts of ferricrete in the soft bioturbated topsoil. The continuous sequence of ferricrete from saprolite to the Ferralsol indicates that the regolith is autochthonous, developed directly from sandstones of Marília Formation, through a long and intense process of laterization.

A Grand Tour de um brasileiro: a importância da Itália nas ideias de Manuel de Araújo Porto-Alegre

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Letícia Squeff

Full Text Available Resumo Manuel de Araújo Porto-Alegre (1806-1879 foi um dos mais importantes pensadores do século XIX no Brasil. Este artigo trata da importância que a viagem para a Itália teve na trajetória deste pensador. Os contatos com os clássicos e com o universo das viagens pitorescas marcaram a sua produção como artista. Nos poucos desenhos daquele período que chegaram até nós, percebe-se o gosto pelo pitoresco de um artista sintonizado com a cultura do Grand Tour e com a sensibilidade romântica. Além disso, o aprendizado na Itália familiarizou o brasileiro com valores e métodos em discussão nos meios antiquários e eruditos da época. Graças a isso, Porto-Alegre faria alguns anos depois uma interpretação da história da arte no Brasil inspirada na leitura de autores como Johann J. Winckelmann e Luigi Lanzi. Finalmente, o artigo defende que a passagem pela Itália funcionou, para Porto-Alegre, como uma espécie de atestado simbólico, garantindo- lhe lugar entre os eruditos franceses do Instituto Histórico de Paris, bem como entre os estudiosos do Instituto Histórico Brasileiro. Se fora para a Europa como aspirante a pintor, Porto-Alegre voltou da Itália como um erudito.

Young Adult Fairy Tales for the New Age: Francesca Lia Block's "The Rose and the Beast."

Science.gov (United States)

Russell, David L.

2002-01-01

Considers how Francesca Lia Block's "The Rose and the Beast" attests to the resilience of the traditional folktale form. Describes how Block's work is a modern adaptation of some of the most familiar old tales, all with heroines struggling against plastic, soulless culture beset by drugs, sex, and violence. (SG)

[Detecting the markers of HIV infection with the new enzyme immunoassay diagnostic kit "DS-EIA-HIV-AB-AG-SPECTRUM" at the laboratories of AIDS prevention and control centers in the Volga Federal District].

Science.gov (United States)

Ivanova, N I; Peksheva, O Iu

2009-03-01

A possibility of simultaneously detecting specific antibodies to HIV-1 and HIV-2 by enzyme immunoassay (EIA) at lower concentrations than those by immunoblotting (IB), and well as an additional possibility of earlier diagnosis of HIV infection, by identifying the HIV-1 antigen p24 lay the foundation of the "DS-EIA-HIV-AB-AG-SPECTRUM" test system made by OOO "Research-and-Production Association "Diagnosticheskiye Sistemy" (Diagnostic Systems). These peculiarities were compared with those of IB at a number of laboratories of AIDS prevention and control centers in the Volga Federal District, by using native serum/plasma samples and a specially designed control panel. The analysis of the conducted studies to identify HIV-1 and HIV-2 antibodies and HIV-1 antigen p24 in 65 plasma/serum samples in the "DS-EIA-HIV-AB-AG-SPECTRUM" and "LIA-HIV-1/2" (OOO "Niarmedik plus") test systems while confirming the positive result indicated agreement in 57 (87.7%) cases. The diagnostic possibilities of the "DS-EIA-HIV-AB-AG-SPECTRUM" test system versus the "New Lav-Blot I" one to make a laboratory diagnosis of HIV infection were studied. Irrefragable answers as to the availability of HIV-1 markers in the study serum samples on the enciphered panel were provided by IB in 73.3% of cases and EIA in 92%.

Determinantes na funcionalidade de idosos da estratégia saúde da família – revisão integrativa

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Adriano DRUMMOND

2012-12-01

Full Text Available O envelhecimento pode ser acompanhado de alterações funcionais, e a Estratégia Saúde da Família (ESF é um programa que atende a uma grande demanda de idosos da comunidade. Objetivo: descrever quais os fatores determinantes na funcionalidade de idosos atendidos pela ESF. Metodologia: tratase de uma revisão integrativa da literatura, de artigos publicados em três (3 bancos de dados, de 2001 a 2011, de acordo com os descritores idoso, Programa Saúde da Família, aptidão física e funcionalidade. Resultados: fatores intrínsecos como idade avançada, o sexo feminino e apresentar doenças, como diabetes, hipertensão arterial e outras reumáticas e neurológicas, influenciam tanto quanto fatores extrínsecos ou socioeconômicos e demográficos, como o baixo nível de renda e de escolaridade. Conclusão: a dependência funcional variou entre 4,2 a 55%, com vários fatores de influência, os quais devem ser avaliados por cada equipe Saúde da Família para uma proposta de intervenção mais eficaz.

O uso do celular na adolescência e sua relação com a família e grupo de amigos

OpenAIRE

Verza, Fabiana

2008-01-01

Esta dissertação investiga, desde a perspectiva psicossocial, o fenômeno do uso do celular na adolescência e sua repercussão na família e grupo de amigos. Para tanto ela foi dividida em dois artigos. O primeiro artigo apresenta um levantamento sobre o tema do uso do celular, descrevendo o panorama da telefonia móvel no Brasil, enfocando o papel do jovem e da família no processo de difusão dessa tecnologia no país. O segundo artigo apresenta os resultados da investigação com 534 adolescentes d...

Development of a simple extraction procedure for chlorpyrifos determination in food samples by immunoassay.

Science.gov (United States)

Gabaldón, J A; Maquieira, A; Puchades, R

2007-02-28

The suitability of immunoassay methodology for rapid and accurate determination of chlorpyrifos in vegetables was tested. The optimised ELISA detection limit was 0.32ng/ml, with a working range from 0.69 to 6.21ng/ml and an immunoassay test-mid point (IC(50)) of 2.08ng/ml. A rapid sample preparation procedure considering different parameters such as the amount of sample, volume of extractant, extraction time and dilution factor was optimised. The developed direct extraction (DE) and multiresidue (ME) standard procedures were performed in different fortified fresh and processed vegetable samples (tomato, bonnet pepper, bean, pea, asparagus, broccoli, watermelon, melon, lettuce, cucumber, celery and red pepper). Recoveries were in all cases in the whole range 85.2-108.9% for both DE and ME extracts. Also, the comparison of the results obtained by both immunochemical and chromatographic methods for spiked fruits and vegetables were good with a correlation coefficient (r) of 0.97.

Accurate Point-of-Care Detection of Ruptured Fetal Membranes: Improved Diagnostic Performance Characteristics with a Monoclonal/Polyclonal Immunoassay

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Linda C. Rogers

2016-01-01

Full Text Available Objective Accurate and timely diagnosis of rupture of membranes (ROM is imperative to allow for gestational age-specific interventions. This study compared the diagnostic performance characteristics between two methods used for the detection of ROM as measured in the same patient. Methods Vaginal secretions were evaluated using the conventional fern test as well as a point-of-care monoclonal/polyclonal immunoassay test (ROM Plus® in 75 pregnant patients who presented to labor and delivery with complaints of leaking amniotic fluid. Both tests were compared to analytical confirmation of ROM using three external laboratory tests. Diagnostic performance characteristics were calculated including sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV, negative predictive value (NPV, and accuracy. Results Diagnostic performance characteristics uniformly favored ROM detection using the immunoassay test compared to the fern test: sensitivity (100% vs. 77.8%, specificity (94.8% vs. 79.3%, PPV (75% vs. 36.8%, NPV (100% vs. 95.8%, and accuracy (95.5% vs. 79.1%. Conclusions The point-of-care immunoassay test provides improved diagnostic accuracy for the detection of ROM compared to fern testing. It has the potential of improving patient management decisions, thereby minimizing serious complications and perinatal morbidity.

Evaluation and comparison of radio-, fluorescence, and enzyme-linked immunoassays for serum thyroxine

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Kaplan, L.A.; Gau, N.; Fearn, J.; Steain, E.A.; Chen, I.W.; Maxon, H.; Volle, C.

1981-01-01

We have compared three analytical systems for the measurement of serum thyroxine: enzyme-linked immunoassay (EIA), fluorescent immunoassay (FIA) and a radioimmunoassay (RIA). These were evaluated with respect to their precision, accuracy, analytical sensitivity and sample throughput. The RIA is more sensitive than the EIA (10 μg/L vs. 35 μg/L). Both systems have excellent precision (X=86 μg/L, C.V.sub(RIA)=C.V.sub(EIA)=4.6 percent). Both the EIA and RIA demonstrate good accuracy with recovery of between 97-98 percent of added thyroxine. The FIA has an apparent sensitiviity between that of the RIA and EIA (25 μg/L), but a precision consistently lower than the other two systems (C.V. =7.4 percent, X=86 μg/L). Patients' results by RIA compared well with those from EIA (r=0.91,P 0.05). Although not fully automated, the EIA performed on the Abbott ABA-100 analyzer has a sample throughput equal to the automated RIA system (Micromedic, Concept 4)

Segurança Alimentar no Quotidiano das Famílias Amarantinas

OpenAIRE

Machado, Célia Maria Brás

2012-01-01

Dissertação de Mestrado em Gestão Integrada da Qualidade, Ambiente e Segurança Os cidadãos têm “a expectativa de que os alimentos que consomem sejam seguros e adequados para o consumo. As doenças e os danos provocados por alimentos são, na melhor das hipóteses, desagradáveis, e, na pior das hipóteses, fatais (Codex Alimentarius - Higiene do Alimentos Textos Básicos, 2006, p.10). Este trabalho teve como principal objetivo avaliar os hábitos das famílias da cidade de Amarante, ...

Printed board dipole trim magnet design for 20 MeV LIA

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Liu, Chengjun; Zhu, Wenjun; Zhang, Kaizhi; Zhang, Wenwei; Yu, Haijun [China Academy of Engineering Physics., Chengdu (China). Inst. of Fluid Physics

1997-12-31

The printed board dipole trim magnet design for a 20 MeV LIA is presented. The prototype dipole magnet with the sin/cos distributed windings has demonstrated more than 650 Gs-cm integrated dipole field and 1% integrated dipole field homogeneity within 5 cm in radius, which is about 40% of the magnet radius. Numerical modeling of two prototype magnet designs using the 3D magnetic field code SCMAG is presented as well as data from magnetic field measurements of the two magnets. The agreement between the calculations and measurements is accurate to 2-3%. (author). 3 figs., 4 refs.

Migrânea com afasia: relato de uma família

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ALMEIDA DANIEL BENZECRY

1999-01-01

Full Text Available Descrevemos uma família brasileira na qual a mãe e três filhas apresentam episódios compatíveis com migrânea, acompanhados por alteração no conteúdo da linguagem (afasia, sem paresias. Alguns aspectos relativos à genética das migrâneas são revisados. Chamamos a atenção para a necessidade de investigação genética para saber se é uma variante das formas conhecidas de migrânea, como a migrânea hemiplégica familiar.

Bolsa Família: insegurança alimentar e nutricional de crianças menores de cinco anos

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Flávia Monteiro

2014-05-01

Full Text Available Estudo transversal descritivo de base populacional realizado no município de Colombo (PR. Os objetivos foram identificar a prevalência de insegurança alimentar das famílias beneficiárias do Programa Bolsa Família e os fatores relacionados a essa condição, bem como descrever o estado nutricional das crianças menores de cinco anos. As análises de associação foram realizadas por meio do teste exato de Fischer. A amostra incluiu 442 famílias, das quais 168 com menores de cinco anos em sua constituição. Para avaliação da insegurança alimentar foi aplicada a Escala Brasileira de Insegurança Alimentar e o estado nutricional das 199 crianças avaliadas foi determinado pelos índices estatura para idade, peso para idade e índice de massa corporal para idade, de acordo com os valores de referência da OMS 2006. A prevalência de insegurança alimentar foi de 81,6%. O excesso de peso e o déficit estatural entre as crianças coexistiram. A insegurança alimentar apresentou-se associada ao índice estatura para idade entre crianças menores de dois anos. A renda familiar per capita e as dívidas alimentares influenciaram significativamente a situação de insegurança alimentar familiar.

Os processos de socialização e a família no trabalho de Sylvia Leser de Mello

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Belinda Mandelbaum

2006-09-01

Full Text Available Este artigo procura descrever os eixos principais do trabalho de Sylvia Leser de Mello como professora de Psicologia Social, pesquisadora dentro do campo de estudos dos processos de socialização, da família e do trabalho, e coordenadora da incubadora de cooperativas populares da Universidade de São Paulo. Atividades estas norteadas por relações com alunos e com trabalhadores que, a partir de um exame crítico das condições psicológicas de homens e mulheres em situações de dominação, pautam-se pela cooperação, pelo diálogo e por processos de aprendizagem mútua. Em seus estudos e pesquisas sobre os processos de socialização, Sylvia articula a cena social, a vida familiar e a subjetividade, recorrendo a conhecimentos advindos de todo o campo das Ciências Humanas. Seu trabalho com famílias consolidou-se na criação do Laboratório de Estudos da Família, Relações de Gênero e Sexualidade do Departamento de Psicologia Social e do Trabalho do Instituto de Psicologia da USP que, numa perspectiva transdisciplinar, integra em pesquisa, ensino e extensão professores e alunos de graduação e pós-graduação de diversas unidades da Universidade.

A bare-eye-based lateral flow immunoassay based on the use of gold nanoparticles for simultaneous detection of three pesticides

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Wang, Limin; Cai, Jia; Wang, Yulong; Fang, Qingkui; Wang, Suyan; Cheng, Qi; Liu, Fengquan; Du, Dan; Lin, Yuehe

2014-01-01

We present a novel lateral flow immunoassay (LFIA) for the simultaneous detection of the pesticides imidacloprid, chlorpyrifos-methyl and isocarbophos based on three competitive immunoreactions. In contrast to previously reported LFIAs, the method is based on the use of four strips. Each has three red channels (three test lines dispensed with different capture reagent) to detect imidacloprid, chlorpyrifos-methyl and isocarbophos respectively. Different channels on each strip are the key to multi-detection, and four strips of LFIA are needed for visual and semi-quantitative read-outs. Under optimized conditions, the LFIA was applied to the determination of three pesticides. The detection time is within 7 min and the detection limits are 50, 100, and 100 μg L −1 , respectively. Furthermore, the LFIA was applied to the analysis of spiked Chinese cabbage and soil samples and results were validated by HPLC. (author)

Influence of the Bolsa Família program on nutritional status and food frequency of schoolchildren

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Ariene Silva do Carmo

2016-07-01

Full Text Available Objective: To evaluate the food frequency and nutritional status among students according to participation in the Bolsa Família program funded by the government. Methods: Cross-sectional study carried out with students from the fourth grade of elementary school in the municipal capital of the southeastern region of Brazil. Food consumption and anthropometry were investigated by a questionnaire administered in school, while participation in the Bolsa Família program and other socio-economic information was obtained through a protocol applied to mothers/guardians. Statistical analysis included the Mann–Whitney test, the chi-squared test, and Poisson regression with robust variance, and the 5% significance level was adopted. Results: There were 319 children evaluated; 56.4% were male, with a median of 9.4 (8.6–11.9 years, and 37.0% were beneficiaries of Bolsa Família program. Between the two groups, there was high prevalence of regular soda consumption (34.3%, artificial juice (49.5%, and sweets (40.3%, while only 54.3% and 51.7% consumed fruits and vegetables regularly, respectively. Among participants of Bolsa Família program, a prevalence 1.24 times higher in the regular consumption of soft drinks (95% CI: 1.10–1.39 was identified compared to non-beneficiaries. The prevalence of overweight was higher in the sample (32.9%, with no difference according to participation in the program. Conclusion: The study found increased consumption of soft drinks among BFP participants. The high rate of overweight and poor eating habits denote the need to develop actions to promote healthy eating, especially for the beneficiaries of the Bolsa Família program, to promote improvements in nutritional status and prevent chronic diseases throughout life. Resumo: Objetivo: Avaliar a frequência alimentar e estado nutricional entre escolares segundo a participação no programa governamental Bolsa Família (PBF. Metodologia: Estudo de delineamento

Multi-site, multi-country evaluation of analytical and operational performance of a low-mid volume chemiluminescent immunoassay analyzer.

Science.gov (United States)

De Keijzer, M H; Perkins, S; Motta, V; Morelli, D; Cristol, J P; Dupuy, A M; Hong, Y; Watanabe, S; Waerdt, C; Grunewald, R W

2009-01-01

A new automated immunoassay low-mid volume (beta-hCG, BNP, and CK-MB) and the time required to complete workloads of 50 and 100 tests with a mixture of 75% routine tests and 25% stat tests was also evaluated. Total precision was typically market and in use for an existing high volume immunoassay system. Stat turn around times were consistent with the fixed analytical time of 15.6 minutes and met the expectations of the laboratories. Measured test throughput ranged from 47 - 54 tests per hour and demonstrated that the analyzer was fit for the intended purpose of supporting a laboratory that performs suitable for use.

Comparison between Amnisure Placental Alpha Microglobulin-1 Rapid Immunoassay and Standard Diagnostic Methods for Detection of Rupture of Membranes

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Beng Kwang Ng

2013-01-01

Full Text Available Objective. To determine the diagnostic accuracy of placental alpha microglobulin-1 assay and standard diagnostic methods for detecting rupture of membrane. Study Design. Prospective diagnostic study, between June 2011 to November 2011 at a tertiary centre. Initial evaluation included both the standard diagnostic methods for rupture of membranes and placental alpha microglobulin-1 immunoassay. The actual rupture of membranes was diagnosed on review of the medical records after delivery (absence of membrane or a positive pad chart. Main Outcome Measures. Placental alpha microglobulin-1 immunoassay and standard diagnostic methods for diagnosis of rupture of membrane. Results. A total of 211 patients were recruited. At initial presentation, 187 patients (88.6% had ruptured membranes, while 24 patients (11.4% had intact membranes. Placental alpha microglobulin-1 immunoassay confirmed rupture of membranes at initial presentation with a sensitivity of 95.7% (179 of 187, specificity of 100% (24 of 24, positive predictive value of 100% (179 of 179, and negative predictive value of 75.0% (24 of 32. By comparison, the conventional standard diagnostic methods had a sensitivity of 78.1% (146 of 187, specificity of 100% (24 of 24, positive predictive value of 100% (146 of 146, and negative predictive value of 36.9% (24 of 65 in diagnosing rupture of membrane. Conclusion. Placental alpha-microglobulin-1 immunoassay is a rapid and accurate method for confirming the diagnosis of rupture of membrane. It was superior to conventional standard diagnostic methods (pooling, nitrazine, and ferning, the nitrazine test alone or fern test alone.

Ver TV em família Watching TV with family

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Armanda Pinto da Mota Matos

2008-10-01

Full Text Available La televisión desempeña un papel fundamental en la socialización de la infancia, proporcionando desde muy pronto un amplio repertorio de pautas de conductas. La familia es el primer contexto en el que se genera el contacto con el medio televisivo. En este trebajo se recoge un estudio realizado en la ciudad portuguesa de Coimbra, con alumnos de 4, 6 y 8 años, a través de un cuestionario de hábitos televisivo, cin una muestra de 820 alumnos en el que se concluye que la televisión debería ser un instrumento más rentabilizado en la familia con fines educativos. A televisão desempenha um papel fundamental na socialização das crianças, proporcionando desde cedo um amplo leque de modelos de comportamento. A família é o primeiro contexto em que o contacto com este medium ocorre, pelo que deve constituir-se como mediadora da relação que a criança estabelece com a televisão. Um estudo efectuado em Coimbra, com alunos dos 4º, 6º e 8º anos, sugere que o uso da televisão pela família pode e deve ser mais rentabilizado pa a fins educativos. Nowadays television plays an important role in the socialization of children and adolescents, by making available a wide range of models of behaviour. However, watching television is an activity that takes place, mainly, in a family context. Therefore, the family has an important mediating role. A study conducted in Coimbra with students from the 4th, 6th and 8th grades, suggests that family mediation should be more intentional and more frequent, in order to promote the development of active and critical TV viewers.

Rapid and Highly Sensitive Non-Competitive Immunoassay for Specific Detection of Nodularin

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Sultana Akter

2017-09-01

Full Text Available Nodularin (NOD is a cyclic penta-peptide hepatotoxin mainly produced by Nodularia spumigena, reported from the brackish water bodies of various parts of the world. It can accumulate in the food chain and, for safety reasons, levels of NOD not only in water bodies but also in food matrices are of interest. Here, we report on a non-competitive immunoassay for the specific detection of NOD. A phage display technique was utilized to interrogate a synthetic antibody phage library for binders recognizing NOD bound to an anti-ADDA (3-Amino-9-methoxy-2,6,8-trimethyl-10-phenyldeca-4(E,6(E-dienoic acid monoclonal antibody (Mab. One of the obtained immunocomplex binders, designated SA32C11, showed very high specificity towards nodularin-R (NOD-R over to the tested 10 different microcystins (microcystin-LR, -dmLR, -RR, -dmRR, -YR, -LY, -LF, -LW, -LA, -WR. It was expressed in Escherichia coli as a single chain antibody fragment (scFv fusion protein and used to establish a time-resolved fluorometry-based assay in combination with the anti-ADDA Mab. The detection limit (blank + 3SD of the immunoassay, with a total assay time of 1 h 10 min, is 0.03 µg/L of NOD-R. This represents the most sensitive immunoassay method for the specific detection of NOD reported so far. The assay was tested for its performance to detect NOD using spiked (0.1 to 3 µg/L of NOD-R water samples including brackish sea and coastal water and the recovery ranged from 79 to 127%. Furthermore, a panel of environmental samples, including water from different sources, fish and other marine tissue specimens, were analyzed for NOD using the assay. The assay has potential as a rapid screening tool for the analysis of a large number of water samples for the presence of NOD. It can also find applications in the analysis of the bioaccumulation of NOD in marine organisms and in the food chain.

Increasing of sensitivity of fluorescent immunoassay analysis of alpha-fetoprotein by means of plasmonical silver nanoparticles

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Vashchenko, S.V.; Min'ko, A.A.; Romanenko, A.A.; Gaponenko, S.V.; Kulakovich, O.S.

2014-01-01

A test system is proposed based on metal enhanced fluorescence to analyze low concentrations of alpha-fetoprotein (AFP), a tumor marker. Antigen-antibody reaction was performed on polystyrene plates coated with silver nanoparticles to increase sensitivity of fluorescent immunoassay and signal-to-noise ratio as compared to silver-free system. As compared to widely used ELISA technique and other immunoassay techniques the proposed approach is characterized by smaller probe volume, fast analysis and simplicity. The proposed test system uses layer-by-layer assembly approach, LED excitation and nanowatt photodetection set-up. The proposed test system offers AFP detection at concentrations used in clinical practice. Fluorescence enhancement for labeled AFP antibodies on a silver substrate was found to depend on antibodies concentration and was up to 6 times. (authors)

A visão de família entre as adolescentes que sofreram violência intrafamiliar Family view among adolescents who suffered intrafamilial violence

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Clarissa De Antoni

2000-12-01

Full Text Available Este estudo apresenta a visão de adolescentes sobre família. Doze adolescentes entre doze a dezessete anos, do sexo feminino, abrigadas em uma instituição pública após sofrerem maus tratos intrafamiliares, apresentaram sua visão sobre o conceito de família e suas expectativas em relação à constituição de suas próprias famílias no futuro, em dois grupos focais. O conteúdo dos grupos focais "A" e "B" foram analisados separadamente, como contextos únicos. O grupo "A" apresentou uma visão de família, baseada em uma configuração por laços afetivos, onde a definição dos papéis e responsabilidades parentais são superpostos e indefinidos, e as inter-relações marcadas pela violência. O grupo "B" revela sua visão sobre a família com base no modelo tradicional, onde a configuração está centrada no grau de parentesco, com papéis parentais delimitados e as inter-relações marcadas pela reciprocidade. A idealização da família foi um aspecto predominante nos grupos. As expectativas sobre a formação de sua própria família no futuro estiveram presentes em ambos os grupos, mas com configuração e papéis diferentes dos atuais. Esta atitude pode ser vista como proteção frente às situações de risco às quais estão expostas em função da expectativa de mudança qualitativa nas relações familiares futuras.This study presents adolescents' point of view about family. Twelve female adolescents, 12 to 17 year old, institutionalized after being abused by their families, showed their family concepts, and their expectations about having a family in the future, in two focus groups. The focus groups "A" and "B" were analyzed, separately, as unique contexts. Focus group "A" revealed their point of view about family, based on emotional ties, where the parents' responsibilities and roles were overlapped, and the relationships were marked by violence. Focus group "B" revealed their point of view about family, based on a

A Psicologia e as demandas atuais do Direito de família

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Vivian de Medeiros Lago

Full Text Available A interdisciplinaridade entre Psicologia e Direito exige uma busca de conhecimentos muitas vezes não adquiridos ao longo da formação acadêmica dos psicólogos. Dentre esses conhecimentos, foram selecionados três tópicos para serem discutidos no presente artigo: guarda compartilhada, síndrome de alienação parental e falsas alegações de abuso sexual. Objetiva-se apresentar uma revisão teórica desses assuntos, abordando aspectos conceituais e históricos. Além da revisão teórica, são apresentados os resultados de uma pesquisa que investigou a formação extracurricular, o conhecimento e a opinião de psicólogos com experiência na área do Direito de família a respeito desses assuntos emergentes. Os resultados revelaram que a maioria dos participantes conhece e tem experiência nas demandas questionadas. Ainda assim, a discussão dos resultados apontou a necessidade de abordar esses e outros assuntos referentes à Psicologia jurídica durante a formação em Psicologia. Os resultados reforçam a importância de o psicólogo jurídico estar familiarizado com questões do Direito de família e considerar em sua avaliação os vínculos afetivos saudáveis ao desenvolvimento da criança.

A Psicologia e as demandas atuais do direito de família

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Vivian de Medeiros Lago

Full Text Available A interdisciplinaridade entre Psicologia e Direito exige uma busca de conhecimentos muitas vezes não adquiridos ao longo da formação acadêmica dos psicólogos. Dentre esses conhecimentos, foram selecionados três tópicos para serem discutidos no presente artigo: guarda compartilhada, síndrome de alienação parental e falsas alegações de abuso sexual. Objetiva-se apresentar uma revisão teórica desses assuntos, abordando aspectos conceituais e históricos. Além da revisão teórica, são apresentados os resultados de uma pesquisa que investigou a formação extracurricular, o conhecimento e a opinião de psicólogos com experiência na área do Direito de família a respeito desses assuntos emergentes. Os resultados revelaram que a maioria dos participantes conhece e tem experiência nas demandas questionadas. Ainda assim, a discussão dos resultados apontou a necessidade de abordar esses e outros assuntos referentes à Psicologia jurídica durante a formação em Psicologia. Os resultados reforçam a importância de o psicólogo jurídico estar familiarizado com questões do Direito de família e considerar em sua avaliação os vínculos afetivos saudáveis ao desenvolvimento da criança.

Development of nanobody-based flow injection chemiluminescence immunoassay for sensitive detection of human prealbumin.

Science.gov (United States)

Ma, Lei; Sun, Yanyan; Kang, Xuejun; Wan, Yakun

2014-11-15

Nanobodies, derived from camelid heavy-chain antibodies, have novel and impactful applications in clinical diagnostics. Our objective is to develop a nanobody-based chemiluminescence immunoassay for sensitive detection of human prealbumin (PA). In this context, a phage display nanobody library is constructed via immunizing dromedary camel with human prealbumin. Three nanobodies have been identified by five successive bio-panning steps. Based on their high expression level and good affinity, two out of three are chosen for further study. Magnetic beads (MBs) were functionalized with PEI by acylamide bond formed between the carboxyl group on the surface of the MB. Then, an anti-PA nanobody (Nb1) can be effectively immobilized onto the surface of the functionalized MB using glutaradehyde as the link. The modified MBs with Nb1 can specifically capture the target PA and reacted with silica nanoparticles with co-immobilized HRP and anti-PA nanobody (Nb2). The concentration of PA was detected by flow injection chemiluminescence. When using MB/PEI as the carrier of anti-PA Nb1, the CL signal significantly increased to 4-fold compared with the signal using MB without PEI modification. The CL signal was further amplified to 5-fold when Si/Nb2 was used as the signal probe. Under optimized conditions, the present immunoassay exhibited a wide quantitative range from 0.05 to 1000 μg L(-1) with a detection limit of 0.01 μg L(-1). The sensitivity of the proposed immunoassay offers great promises in providing a sensitive, specific, time saving, and potential method for detecting PA in clinical settings. Copyright © 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Evaluation of Beckman Coulter DxI 800 immunoassay system using clinically oriented performance goals.

Science.gov (United States)

Akbas, Neval; Schryver, Patricia G; Algeciras-Schimnich, Alicia; Baumann, Nikola A; Block, Darci R; Budd, Jeffrey R; Gaston, S J Stephen; Klee, George G

2014-11-01

We evaluated the analytical performance of 24 immunoassays using the Beckman Coulter DxI 800 immunoassay systems at Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN for trueness, precision, detection limits, linearity, and consistency (across instruments and reagent lots). Clinically oriented performance goals were defined using the following methods: trueness-published desirable accuracy limits, precision-published desirable biologic variation; detection limits - 0.1 percentile of patient test values, linearity - 50% of total error, and consistency-percentage test values crossing key decision points. Local data were collected for precision, linearity, and consistency. Data were provided by Beckman Coulter, Inc. for trueness and detection limits. All evaluated assays except total thyroxine were within the proposed goals for trueness. Most of the assays met the proposed goals for precision (86% of intra-assay results and 75% of inter-assay results). Five assays had more than 15% of the test results below the minimum detection limits. Carcinoembryonic antigen, total thyroxine and free triiodothyronine exceeded the proposed goals of ±6.3%, ±5% and ±5.7% for dilution linearity. All evaluated assays were within the proposed goals for instrument consistency. Lot-to-lot consistency results for cortisol, ferritin and total thyroxine exceeded the proposed goals of 3.3%, 11.4% and 7% at one medical decision level, while vitamin B12 exceeded the proposed goals of 5.2% and 3.8% at two decision levels. The Beckman Coulter DxI 800 immunoassay system meets most of these proposed goals, even though these clinically focused performance goals represent relatively stringent limits. Copyright © 2014 The Canadian Society of Clinical Chemists. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Educação do Campo no Brasil – a experiência da Escola Família Agrícola de Santa Cruz do Sul - EFASC

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João Paulo Reis Costa

2016-10-01

Full Text Available Este artigo apresenta uma reflexão sobre a Educação do Campo no contexto da realidade brasileira, destacando o significado das Escolas Família Agrícola - EFAs. Com base na experiência da EFASC, referenciada na Pedagogia da Alternância, com a participação das famílias e suas comunidades, alternada com a formação escolar construída no ambiente escolar, as EFAs buscam promover a formação integral do jovem agricultor em técnico agrícola. Nesse processo educativo destaca-se a participação das famílias e instituições regionais como parceiros fundamentais para o desenvolvimento e formação dos estudantes, possibilitando a estes a permanência no campo por opção.

Nanogold–polyaniline–nanogold microspheres-functionalized molecular tags for sensitive electrochemical immunoassay of thyroid-stimulating hormone

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Cui Yuling; Chen Huafeng; Hou Li; Zhang Bing; Liu Bingqian; Chen Guonan; Tang Dianping

2012-01-01

Highlights: ► A novel immunosensing strategy was designed for detection of thyroid-stimulating hormone. ► Using nanogold–polyaniline–nanogold microspheres as molecular tags. ► Improvement of electrochemical activity of nanolabels. ► Combination enzyme labels with nanolabels for signal amplification. - Abstract: Methods based on nanomaterial labels have been developed for electrochemical immunosensors and immunoassays, but most involved low sensitivity. Herein a novel class of molecular tags, nanogold–polyaniline–nanogold microspheres (GPGs), was first synthesized and functionalized with horseradish peroxidase-conjugated thyroid-stimulating hormone antibody (HRP-Ab 2 ) for sensitive electrochemical immunoassay of thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH). X-ray diffraction, confocal Raman spectroscopy, scanning electron microscope and transmission electron microscope were employed to characterize the prepared GPGs. Based on a sandwich-type immunoassay format, the assay was performed in pH 5.0 acetate buffer containing 6.0 mmol L −1 H 2 O 2 by using GPG-labeled HRP-Ab 2 as molecular tags. Compared with pure polyaniline nanospheres and gold nanoparticles alone, the GPG hybrid nanostructures increased the surface area of the nanomaterials, and enhanced the immobilized amount of HRP-Ab 2 . Several labeling protocols comprising HRP-Ab 2 , nanogold particle-labeled HRP-Ab 2 , and polyaniline nanospheres-labeled HRP-Ab 2 , were also investigated for determination of TSH and improved analytical features were obtained by using the GPG-labeled HRP-Ab 2 . With the GPG labeling method, the effects of incubation time and pH of acetate buffer on the current responses of the immunosensors were also studied. The strong attachment of HRP-Ab 2 to the GPGs resulted in a good repeatability and intermediate precision down to 7%. The dynamic concentration range spanned from 0.01 to 20 μIU mL −1 with a detection limit (LOD) of 0.005 μIU mL −1 TSH at the 3s B criterion

Detection of hidden hazelnut protein in food by IgY-based indirect competitive enzyme-immunoassay

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Baumgartner, S.; Bremer, M.G.E.G.; Kemmers - Voncken, A.E.M.; Smits, N.G.E.; Haasnoot, W.; Banks, J.; Reece, P.; Danks, C.; Tomkies, V.; Immer, U.; Schmitt, K.; Krska, R.

2004-01-01

The development of an indirect competitive enzyme-immunoassay for the detection of hidden hazelnut protein in complex food matrices is described. A sensitive and selective polyclonal antibody was raised by immunisation of laying hens with protein extracts from roasted hazelnuts. In contrast to

Ervaringen met een solid phase enzyme immunoassay voor het aantonen van gonorroe bij promiscue vrouwen

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Ulsen; J.van*; Michel; M.F.*; Strik; R.van*; Joost; T.H.van*; Stolz; E.*; Eijk; R.V.W.van

1985-01-01

De Gonozyme test (Abbott Laboratories), een nieuwe enzyme immunoassay (EIA) voor het aantonen van Neisseria gonorrhoeae werd geevalueerd in een grote groep promiscue vrouwen. Als de EIA werd uitgevoerd met materiaal afkomstig van de cervix, bedroeg de prevalentie van gonorroe 8,2%. Vergeleken

Estudo da comercialização do mamão em Brasília-DF Papaya commercialization study in Brasília-DF

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GENI RODRIGUES FAGUNDES

2002-04-01

Full Text Available Estudaram-se os principais fatores envolvidos na comercialização do mamão em 10 supermercados e 9 varejões de Brasília-DF, em janeiro de 1999. O levantamento dos dados foi realizado através da aplicação de questionários aos responsáveis pelos estabelecimentos. Os atacadistas da CEASA-DF, foram os principais fornecedores dos estabelecimentos analisados. O grau de perda dos frutos foi considerado muito alto apenas pelos varejões. A má qualidade do fruto, demora entre compra e venda, transporte precário e condições climáticas foram as principais causas de perdas segundo os varejões. Nos supermercados, foram: falta de armazenamento apropriado, má qualidade do fruto, condições climáticas e manuseio do cliente. Na maioria dos estabelecimentos, o mamão é entregue pelo fornecedor em caixas de madeira. Os mamões ficam expostos para venda em prateleiras na maioria dos estabelecimentos analisados.The main factors involved in the commercialization of papaya in 10 supermarkets and 9 retail shops of Brasília-DF was studied in January of 1999. The data was colleted using questionnaire answered by the manager of the establishment. It was observed that the wholesalers of Federal District Wholesale Market (CEASA-DF are the main supplier of papaya in all establishment analyzed. The fruit loss was considered very high only in the retail shops. The poor quality of fruit, the delay between purchasing and selling, precarious transport system and climatic condition were the main reasons of losses attributed by the retail shops. In the supermarkets the lack of appropriate storage, poor quality of purchased fruit, climatic conditions and manipulation by clients were considered as the main causes for the losses. The supplier delivers the papaya in wood boxes in almost all establishments. Papaya fruits for selling were displayed in racks in most of the establishments analyzed.

340nm UV LED excitation in time-resolved fluorescence system for europium-based immunoassays detection

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Rodenko, Olga; Fodgaard, Henrik; Tidemand-Lichtenberg, Peter

2017-01-01

In immunoassay analyzers for in-vitro diagnostics, Xenon flash lamps have been widely used as excitation light sources. Recent advancements in UV LED technology and its advantages over the flash lamps such as smaller footprint, better wall-plug efficiency, narrow emission spectrum......, and no significant afterglow, have made them attractive light sources for gated detection systems. In this paper, we report on the implementation of a 340 nm UV LED based time-resolved fluorescence system based on europium chelate as a fluorescent marker. The system performance was tested with the immunoassay based...... on the cardiac marker, TnI. The same signal-to-noise ratio as for the flash lamp based system was obtained, operating the LED below specified maximum current. The background counts of the system and its main contributors were measured and analyzed. The background of the system of the LED based unit was improved...

Modelos nacionais e regionais de família no pensamento social brasileiro National and Regional Family Patterns in Brazilian Social Thought

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CANDICE VIDAL E SOUZA

2001-01-01

Full Text Available As revisões sobre os estudos clássicos de família no Brasil convergem na crítica ao patriarcalismo como modelo genérico e fixo de descrição dessa instituição, propondo que a família brasileira era uma pluralidade dispersa de experiências. Sugerimos que já nas narrativas ensaísticas sobre a identidade nacional existem modelos plurais de família brasileira, diversificados em termos da compreensão dos arranjos locais de relações familiares. Com esse objetivo, relemos, sob o eixo família-nação-região, dois conjuntos de ensaístas significativos para a construção de identidades regionais particulares (primeiro, Alfredo Ellis Jr. e Cassiano Ricardo; segundo, Alceu Amoroso Lima e Sylvio de Vasconcellos, pensadores/produtores de visões de São Paulo e de Minas Gerais, respectivamente, enquanto culturas e sociedades em grande parte caracterizadas por suas experiências de organização familiar própria.Revisions of classical studies of the family in Brazil agree in criticizing patriarchalism as a general and fixed model describing this institution, arguing that the Brazilian family was a plurality of dispersed experiences. We suggest that in the essay narratives of national identity there are already plural models of the Brazilian family, which are diversified according to local arrangements of family relations. Considering the themes family-nation-region, we review the work of two groups of important essayists on the construction of particular regional identities: Alfredo Ellis Jr. e Cassiano Ricardo; Alceu Amoroso Lima e Sylvio de Vasconcellos. We argue that these essayists articulated visions of São Paulo and Minas Gerais as cultures and societies characterized in a significant way by experiences of a proper family organization.

Influence of the Bolsa Família program on nutritional status and food frequency of schoolchildren

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Ariene Silva do Carmo

2016-07-01

Conclusion: The study found increased consumption of soft drinks among BFP participants. The high rate of overweight and poor eating habits denote the need to develop actions to promote healthy eating, especially for the beneficiaries of the Bolsa Família program, to promote improvements in nutritional status and prevent chronic diseases throughout life.

Variance function estimation for immunoassays

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Raab, G.M.; Thompson, R.; McKenzie, I.

1980-01-01

A computer program is described which implements a recently described, modified likelihood method of determining an appropriate weighting function to use when fitting immunoassay dose-response curves. The relationship between the variance of the response and its mean value is assumed to have an exponential form, and the best fit to this model is determined from the within-set variability of many small sets of repeated measurements. The program estimates the parameter of the exponential function with its estimated standard error, and tests the fit of the experimental data to the proposed model. Output options include a list of the actual and fitted standard deviation of the set of responses, a plot of actual and fitted standard deviation against the mean response, and an ordered list of the 10 sets of data with the largest ratios of actual to fitted standard deviation. The program has been designed for a laboratory user without computing or statistical expertise. The test-of-fit has proved valuable for identifying outlying responses, which may be excluded from further analysis by being set to negative values in the input file. (Auth.)

Europium(III) chelate-dyed nanoparticles as donors in a homogeneous proximity-based immunoassay for estradiol

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Kokko, Leena; Sandberg, Kaisa; Loevgren, Timo; Soukka, Tero

2004-01-01

Nanoparticles containing thousands of fluorescent europium(III) chelates have a very high specific activity compared to traditional lanthanide chelate labels. It can be assumed that if these particles are used in a homogeneous assay as donors, multiple chelates can excite a single acceptor in turns and the energy transfer to the acceptor is increased. The principle was employed in an immunoassay using luminescent resonance energy transfer from a long lifetime europium(III) chelate-dyed nanoparticle to a short lifetime, near-infrared fluorescent molecule. Due to energy transfer fluorescence lifetime of the sensitised emission was prolonged and fluorescence could be measured using a time-resolved detection. A competitive homogeneous immunoassay for estradiol was created using 92 nm europium(III) chelate-dyed nanoparticle coated with 17β-estradiol specific recombinant antibody Fab fragments as a donor and estradiol conjugated with near-infrared dye AlexaFluor 680 as an acceptor. The density of Fab fragments on the surface of the particle influenced the sensitivity of the immunoassay. The optimal Fab density was reached when the entire surface of the particle participated in the energy transfer, but the areas where the energy was transferred to a single acceptor, did not overlap. We were able to detect estradiol concentrations down to 70 pmol l -1 (3xSD of a standard containing 0 nmol l -1 of E2) using a 96-well platform. In this study we demonstrated that nanoparticles containing lanthanide chelates could be used as efficient donors in homogeneous assays

Família vivida e pensada na percepção de crianças em situação de rua

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Maria Ângela Mattar Yunes

2001-01-01

Full Text Available A violência no ambiente familiar é um dos motivos mais citados por crianças e adolescentes em situação de rua para justificar o abandono do lar. O presente estudo visa a investigar como as crianças e adolescentes nesta condição percebem suas famílias. Foram entrevistadas 50 crianças e adolescentes, 27 nas instituições e 23 nas ruas. Apesar das diferenças nas percepções entre institucionalizados e entrevistados nas ruas, os dados revelam que a maioria apresenta sentimentos de afeto e aceitação alternados com indicações de maus tratos e rejeição dos familiares. Desta forma, os resultados sugerem que diferentes significados de família são construídos por estas crianças e adolescentes durante o processo de desenvolvimento. Pode-se constatar oscilações na forma de conceber uma família pensada - ou idealizada, referencial, corpo de regras - e a vivida - a que se desvela na realidade do cotidiano, principalmente no caso das crianças e adolescentes que vivem nas instituições.

Positive predictive value of the immunoassay for Clostridium difficile toxin A and B detection at a private hospital.

Science.gov (United States)

Pérez-Topete, S E; Miranda-Aquino, T; Hernández-Portales, J A

Clostridium difficile (C. difficile) is a Gram-positive bacillus that is a common cause of diarrhea in the hospital environment, with a documented incidence of up to 10%. There are different methods to detect it, but a widely used test in our environment is the immunoassay for toxins A and B. The aim of our study was to 1) estimate the positive predictive value of the immunoassay for the detection of the C. difficile toxins A and B, 2) to establish the incidence of C. difficile-associated diarrhea in the hospital, and 3) to know the most common associated factors. A diagnostic test accuracy study was conducted within the time frame of January 2010 to August 2013 at the Hospital Christus Muguerza® Alta Especialidad on patients with symptoms suggestive of C. difficile-associated diarrhea that had a positive immunoassay test and confirmation of C. difficile through colon biopsy and stool culture. The immunoassay for toxins A and B was performed in 360 patients. Fifty-five of the cases had positive results, 35 of which showed the presence of C. difficile. Incidence was 10.2% and the positive predictive value of the test for C. difficile toxins A and B was 0.64 (95% CI, 0.51-0.76). Previous antibiotic therapy (n=29) and proton pump inhibitor use (n=19) were the most common associated factors. C. difficile incidence in our environment is similar to that found in the literature reviewed, but the positive predictive value of the test for toxin A and B detection was low. Copyright © 2016 Asociación Mexicana de Gastroenterología. Publicado por Masson Doyma México S.A. All rights reserved.

As faunas de serpentes da América do Sul e Austrália : ecologia, biogeografia e evolução

OpenAIRE

Leite, Davi Lima Pantoja

2014-01-01

Este trabalho avalia comparativamente os cenários físicos e ecológicos em que se formaram as comunidades biológicas da América do Sul e Austrália, e reúne os alicerces teóricos para comparações biológicas entre estes continentes: (1) fornecendo uma lista da bibliografia básica; (2) descrevendo a história geográfica e climática de ambos os continentes e seus ambientes atuais; e (3) destacando os elementos que dão suporte às comparações biológicas entre América do Sul e Austrália. A estrutura d...

Reguladores de crescimento vegetal na concentração de macronutrientes em videira Itália Plant growth regulators on macronutrients in Itália grapes

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Teresinha Costa Silveira de Albuquerque

2008-01-01

Full Text Available Em clima tropical semi-árido, o uso de reguladores vegetais em fruteiras permite o manejo do crescimento vegetativo, tão necessário ao escalonamento da produção e ao aumento da fertilidade das gemas. Estas substâncias influenciam vários fenômenos fisiológicos relacionados com a absorção mineral, como a condutância de membrana e utilização metabólica de íons. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o crescimento vegetativo, produção de matéria seca dos ramos, concentração e quantidade acumulada de N, P, K, Ca e Mg nos ramos e nos pecíolos e produção de panículas florais em resposta ao uso de reguladores vegetais, em plantas de videira da cultivar Itália. No experimento foram avaliados três ciclos vegetativos e cinco tratamentos (controle, chlormequat - 1500 mg L-1; daminozide - 3000 mg L-1; uniconazole - 30 mg L-1 e cloreto de mepiquat - 300 mg L-1, aplicados nas plantas em pulverizações aos 35 e 70 dias após a poda. Com o chlormequat e o uniconazole ocorreu efeito cumulativo nas plantas, quando aplicados em ciclos sucessivos da cultura, favorecendo o acúmulo de nutrientes e a diferenciação de gemas férteis em comparação com as plantas controle das videiras 'Itália'. Embora o daminozide tenha inibido significativamente o crescimento das plantas, não resultou em maior acúmulo de nutrientes e emissão de panículas florais nas plantas tratadas.In semi-arid tropical climate, the use of plant growth regulators in fruit trees allows the vegetative growth control, so necessary to the assignment of the production and the increase of the fertility of the buds. These substances influence several physiological processes related to the mineral absorption, for example: membrane condutance and metabolic use of ions. The objective of this work was to evaluate vegetative growth, stem dry mater, N, P, K, Ca and Mg content in the stem and petiole and panicle production in response to plant growth regulators in grape "Itália

On-Chip Immunoassay for Determination of Urinary Albumin

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Adisorn Tuantranont

2009-12-01

Full Text Available An immunoassay performed on a portable microfluidic device was evaluated for the determination of urinary albumin. An increase in absorbance at 500 nm resulting from immunoagglutination was monitored directly on the poly(dimethylsiloxane (PDMS microchip using a portable miniature fibre-optic spectrometer. A calibration curve was linear up to 10 mg L–1 (r2 = 0.993, with a detection limit of 0.81 mg L–1 (S/N = 3. The proposed system showed good precision, with relative standard deviations (RSDs of 5.1%, when evaluated with 10 mg L–1 albumin (n = 10. Determination of urinary albumin with the proposed system gave results highly similar to those determined by the conventional spectrophotometric method using immunoturbidimetric detection (r2 = 0.995; n = 15.

Autoantibody profiling in APS.

Science.gov (United States)

Roggenbuck, D; Somma, V; Schierack, P; Borghi, M O; Meroni, P L

2014-10-01

The international consensus for the classification of antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) requires clinical and laboratory criteria to be considered at an equal level for diagnosing APS. Thus, detection of antiphospholipid antibodies (aPL) being a hallmark of APS has been the object of intensive investigation over the past 40 years. However, appropriate detection of aPL still remains a laboratory challenge due to their heterogeneity comprising autoantibodies reactive to different phospholipid-binding plasma proteins, such as beta-2 glycoprotein I (β2GPI) and prothrombin. The relevance of aPL interacting with phospholipids other than cardiolipin (CL, diphosphatidylglycerol), such as phosphatidylserine (PS), remains elusive with regard to the diagnosis of APS. Recently, the concept of aPL profiling has been introduced to assess the risk of thrombotic complications in patients with APS. New assay techniques, apart from enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs) recommended by the international consensus for the classification of APS, have been proposed for multiplexing of aPL testing. Line immunoassays (LIAs) employing a novel hydrophobic solid phase for the simultaneous detection of different aPL seem to be an intriguing alternative. We evaluated a novel multiplex LIA employing a hydrophobic membrane coated with different phospholipid (PL)-binding proteins or PLs. The performance characteristics of this new multiplexing assay technique demonstrated its usefulness for aPL profiling. © The Author(s) 2014 Reprints and permissions: sagepub.co.uk/journalsPermissions.nav.

Características distributivas e impacto de reformas tributárias sobre o bem-estar das famílias no Brasil

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Diogo Baerlocher Carvalho

2013-09-01

Full Text Available Este trabalho calcula as características distributivas dos bens e serviços consumidos pelas famílias no Brasil, usando a POF 2008-2009, e utiliza essa informação para elaborar propostas alternativas de reforma tributária indireta. O impacto das reformas sobre o bem-estar é avaliado usando o conceito de "variação equivalente" e o sistema de demanda quase ideal na forma quadrática (QUAIDS. Os resultados mostram que os três itens de consumo familiar com características distributivas mais elevadas são combustível doméstico, fumo e cesta básica de alimentos, e os três itens com características distributivas mais baixas são combustível automotivo, bebidas alcoólicas e transporte privado. As reformas baseadas nas características distributivas são progressivas, sendo que a mais progressiva resulta em um aumento de bem-estar das famílias mais pobres equivalente a um aumento de 8,2% no seu consumo, e em uma perda de bem-estar para as famílias mais ricas equivalente a uma redução de 5,6% no seu consumo.

Impact of the Bolsa Família Program on energy, macronutrient, and micronutrient intakes: Study of the Northeast and Southeast

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Naiara SPERANDIO

Full Text Available ABSTRACT Objective: To assess the impact of the Bolsa Família Program on the energy and nutrient intakes of beneficiaries from the Brazilian Northeast and Southeast regions. Methods: The study used data from the 2008-2009 Pesquisa de Orçamento Famíliar, which assessed individual food intake on two nonconsecutive days of individuals aged more than 10 years. Based the personal information booklet, food intake values were transformed into nutritional values (energy and nutrients. Analysis of the impact measure was preceded by propensity score matching, a technique that matches some socioeconomic characteristics of beneficiaries and nonbeneficiaries. Once the score was calculated, the impact of the Bolsa Família Program was estimated by nearest neighbor matching. Results: The program increased energy and macronutrient intakes and decreased calcium and vitamin A, D, E, and C intakes of adolescent beneficiaries in both regions. Adult beneficiaries from the Southeast region increased their fiber, iron, and selenium intakes, and those from the Northeast region decreased their energy, lipid, added sugar, sodium, zinc, vitamin E, and pyridoxine intakes. Conclusion: The results show a positive impact of the program on the energy and macronutrient intakes, and a negative impact on the intakes of most study micronutrients, especially in adolescents, which reinforce the importance of implementing intersectoral actions to improve the nutritional quality of the Bolsa Família Program beneficiaries' diet.

Semelhanças de família nos usos de 'bom'

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Darlei Dall'Agnol

2016-12-01

Full Text Available http://dx.doi.org/10.5007/1677-2954.2016v15n2p216 Aplica-se, neste artigo, o conceito de semelhanças de família para esclarecer os diferentes usos do conceito ‘bom’, em especial, os usos relativos e absolutos. A partir do estabelecimento de diferentes jogos-de-linguagem morais (normativos, avaliativos etc., mostra-se que há um significado focal que permite negar que Wittgenstein tenha se tornado um relativista ético. Nesse sentido, ‘bom’ refere-se ao intrinsicamente valioso que permite qualificar um ato como moral ou imoral e a partir disso se deve ou não ser feito.

Rapid screening of aflatoxin B1 in beer by fluorescence polarization immunoassay.

Science.gov (United States)

Beloglazova, N V; Eremin, S A

2015-09-01

This manuscript describes the development of a sensitive, fast and easily-performed fluorescence polarization immunoassay (FPIA) for the mycotoxin aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) in various beer samples, both lager and dark. The highest sensitivity was determined for six poly- and monoclonal antibodies selective towards aflatoxins. The sample pretreatment design was emphasized since beer samples are characterized by extremely diverse matrices. Herein, the choice of sorbent for effective removal of matrix interferences prior to analysis was crucial. The samples were diluted with a borate buffer solution containing 1% PEG 6000 and passed through the clean-up column packed with NH2-derivated silica. This sample pretreatment technique was perfectly suitable for the FPIA of lager beer samples, but for dark beer and ale it did not suffice. An artificial matrix was constructed to plot a calibration curve and quantify the results of the latter samples. The developed immunoassay was characterized by a limit of detection of 1 ng mL(-1). Apparent recovery values of 89-114% for lager and 80-125% for dark beer were established. The FPIA data for AFB1 was characterized by elevated linear regression coefficients, 0.9953 for spiked lager and 0.9895 for dark beer samples respectively. Copyright © 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Multiplex immunoassays for quantification of cytokines, growth factors, and other proteins in stem cell communication

Czech Academy of Sciences Publication Activity Database

Valeková, Ivona; Kupcová Skalníková, Helena; Jarkovská, Karla; Motlík, Jan; Kovářová, Hana

-, č. 1212 (2015), s. 39-63 ISSN 1940 -6029 R&D Projects: GA MŠk ED2.1.00/03.0124; GA TA ČR(CZ) TA01011466 Institutional support: RVO:67985904 Keywords : multiplex immunoassays * antibody microarray * luminex xMAP Subject RIV: EB - Genetics ; Molecular Biology

Structural basis for the high specificity of a Trypanosoma congolense immunoassay targeting glycosomal aldolase.

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Joar Pinto

2017-09-01

Full Text Available Animal African trypanosomosis (AAT is a neglected tropical disease which imposes a heavy burden on the livestock industry in Sub-Saharan Africa. Its causative agents are Trypanosoma parasites, with T. congolense and T. vivax being responsible for the majority of the cases. Recently, we identified a Nanobody (Nb474 that was employed to develop a homologous sandwich ELISA targeting T. congolense fructose-1,6-bisphosphate aldolase (TcoALD. Despite the high sequence identity between trypanosomatid aldolases, the Nb474-based immunoassay is highly specific for T. congolense detection. The results presented in this paper yield insights into the molecular principles underlying the assay's high specificity.The structure of the Nb474-TcoALD complex was determined via X-ray crystallography. Together with analytical gel filtration, the structure reveals that a single TcoALD tetramer contains four binding sites for Nb474. Through a comparison with the crystal structures of two other trypanosomatid aldolases, TcoALD residues Ala77 and Leu106 were identified as hot spots for specificity. Via ELISA and surface plasmon resonance (SPR, we demonstrate that mutation of these residues does not abolish TcoALD recognition by Nb474, but does lead to a lack of detection in the Nb474-based homologous sandwich immunoassay.The results show that the high specificity of the Nb474-based immunoassay is not determined by the initial recognition event between Nb474 and TcoALD, but rather by its homologous sandwich design. This (i provides insights into the optimal set-up of the assay, (ii may be of great significance for field applications as it could explain the potential detection escape of certain T. congolense strains, and (iii may be of general interest to those developing similar assays.

Evaluation of the Lumipulse G TP-N Chemiluminescent Immunoassay as a Syphilis Screening Test.

Science.gov (United States)

Ortiz, Daniel A; Loeffelholz, Michael J

2017-11-01

A syphilis diagnosis is often aided by the detection of treponemal and nontreponemal antibodies. Automated treponemal antibody detection systems enable high-volume clinical laboratories to perform syphilis screening at a faster pace with lower labor costs. The Lumipulse G TP-N chemiluminescent immunoassay is an automated system that qualitatively detects IgG and IgM antibodies against Treponema pallidum antigens in human serum and plasma. To assess performance characteristics and workflow efficiency, the Lumipulse G TP-N assay was compared to the Bioplex 2200 Syphilis IgG multiplex flow immunoassay. Among the 4,134 routine and HIV samples tested by the two automated assays, the percentage of agreement was excellent at 99.0% (95% confidence interval [CI], 98.6% to 99.2%; κ, 0.89), with the Lumipulse G TP-N having a shorter time to first and subsequent results. All specimens with reactive syphilis screening results were further tested by rapid plasma reagin (RPR) and Treponema pallidum particle agglutination (TP·PA) testing ( n = 231). The results from the RPR-reactive samples ( n = 82) showed complete concordance with the two automated assays, while the TP·PA assay displayed some discrepancies. The positive percent agreement (PPA) and negative percent agreement (NPA) between the TP·PA test and the Lumipulse G TP-N test were 98.9% and 77.3%, respectively. The Bioplex 2200 Syphilis IgG immunoassay displayed a similar PPA (100%) but a substantially lower NPA (15.9%). Patient chart reviews of discrepant results suggested that the Lumipulse G TP-N assay produced 27 fewer falsely reactive results and can reduce the amount of additional confirmatory RPR and TP·PA testing needed. The analogous performance characteristics of the two automated systems indicate that the Lumipulse G TP-N assay is suitable for high-throughput syphilis screening. Copyright © 2017 American Society for Microbiology.

Enfermeiro de Saúde da Família na Amazônia: conceitos e manejo na temática do uso de álcool

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Rodrigo Otávio Moretti-Pires

2011-08-01

Full Text Available O estudo visa identificar a concepção dos enfermeiros sobre a temática do uso problemático de álcool e as formas de manejo utilizado, em um contexto amazônico. Utilizaram-se grupo focal e entrevistas individuais com todos os enfermeiros das doze equipes de saúde da família de um município do interior da Amazônia, Brasil. Observou-se falta de formação universitária, de educação permanente e de suporte/referência - contra - referência na atenção à dimensão do uso de álcool na população adscrita. Há necessidade de reformulação da estrutura curricular dos cursos de graduação em enfermagem, assim como educação permanente para as Equipes de Saúde da Família e suporte nesta importante temática e suas conseqüências, tanto para o indivíduo e para as famílias, como para a sociedade em geral.

Saúde e espiritualidade: a visão sistemica da família e o processo de ampliação da consciência

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Viridiana de Fatima Robaina Pacheco

2016-06-01

Full Text Available Este artigo é resultado de uma análise reflexiva e resultou da necessidade de se construir um pensamento complexo a respeito da família e de se buscar o sentido do conceito de saúde transcendendo a abordagem sistêmica da vida em família, a partir da busca da espiritualidade e do processo de ampliação da consciência (PARODE, 2004 A “Ecologia Profunda” que se remete Fritjof Capra (1998 e a Estética Biocósmica (PARODE, 2004 serão os aportes teóricos para fundamentação desta tese. A ideia a partir de Capra (1998 e com o Enfoque da Ecologia Profunda, poder assumir o Princípio Biocósmico (PARODE, 2004 para o Processo de Ampliação da Consciência, quanto à questão da família e da saúde, ressaltando a importância da espiritualidade como fonte geradora de saúde, a partir da transcendência e naquilo que pode se constituir na imanência do ser.

[Membrane-filtration immunoassay: reagents, methods and the diagnostic and technical means for detection].

Science.gov (United States)

Khramov, E N; Osin, N S; Pomelova, V G; Vikha, I V; Bychenkova, T A; Smirnova, V G; Grakina, G I; Kas'ianova, T A

1999-01-01

The comprehensive development of dot-EIA made at the State Research Institute of Biological Instrument-Making Industry has provided devices KIMF-02 and KIMF-03), a base of chemical reagents, immunoassays, test systems for detection of a wide range of causative agents of viral and bacterial infections, that of serodiagnosis of their related diseases. The KIMF-02 kit has undergone engineering and medical tests and recommended for the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation to produce them in stock. The kit includes all required for analysis even in an ill-equipped laboratory, a set of attached agents ensures a valid visual recording of results. The developed procedures and test systems allow the immunoassay to be as sensitive as TIFA; however, they are laborious and much simpler in design. The simple and rapid procedures of dot-EIA are recommended for incorporation into the a package of laboratory methods for verification of the accumulation of virus-specific antigens in various biological substrata, environmental samples, for control of the activity of antigens and antibodies used in serological tests, for detection of specific antigens in the clinical samples, and for serodiagnosis of infections.

Thermophilic Campylobacter spp. in turkey samples: evaluation of two automated enzyme immunoassays and conventional microbiological techniques

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Borck, Birgitte; Stryhn, H.; Ersboll, A.K.

2002-01-01

Aims: To determine the sensitivity and specificity of two automated enzyme immunoassays (EIA), EiaFoss and Minividas, and a conventional microbiological culture technique for detecting thermophilic Campylobacter spp. in turkey samples. Methods and Results: A total of 286 samples (faecal, meat...

Competitive enzyme immunoassay for human chorionic somatomammotropin using the avidin-biotin system

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Rappuoli, R.; Leoncini, P.; Tarli, P.; Neri, P.

1981-01-01

Human chorionic somatomammotropin (HCS) is determined by an enzyme immunoassay where HCS competes with biotin-labeled HCS for insolubilized anti-HCS antibodies. Enzyme-labeled avidin is then used to reveal the amount of bound HCS. The system proves to be sensitive (1 ng/ml of HCS can be detected) and results agree with radioimmunoassay determinations (correlation coefficient = 0.979). Kinetics of the avidin-biotin reaction and coating of polystyrene wells are also investigated

Brasília na rede das cidades globais: apontando uma tendência

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Brasilmar Ferreira Nunes

2014-12-01

Full Text Available O artigo discute o potencial de Brasília se inserir na rede mundial de cidades, considerando sua peculiar dinâmica socioeconômica. Consolida-se aqui, 54 anos após sua inauguração, uma cidade que vive constantes processos de mudança, mas que ainda se acha atrelada ao setor público, esfera que lhe dá sua identidade. A assimetria que se observa entre, de um lado, uma cidade racional que se rebate num desenho modernista e, de outro, uma cidade que cresce nas suas periferias de forma anárquica, reproduzindo modelos das demais cidades brasileiras, evidenciam uma estrutura social com enormes graus de desigualdade e de diferenciação. A dinâmica populacional do Distrito Federal e entorno ultrapassa cada vez mais as determinações e os estímulos oriundos do setor público, concentrados no seu Plano Piloto. Ao contextualizá-la na lógica contemporânea das cidades "globais", na tentativa de diversificar a fonte de investimentos, Brasília procura oferecer vantagens comparativas frente a outras metrópoles que com ela concorrem. Nesse sentido, o artigo defende que a capital vive hoje uma etapa original na sua evolução, mesmo se a incompatibilidade aparente entre sua função política, que de certa forma restringe suas potencialidades, e as forças de mercado, a levam a modificar sua natureza original.

Estilos parentais e suporte social da família percepcionados por jovens delinquentes

OpenAIRE

Ferreira, Milene Alexandra Gregório

2009-01-01

De acordo com Baumrind (1966), existem três tipos de estilos parentais, que terão diferentes influências em termos de desenvolvimento das crianças e jovens. Neste sentido, procurou conhecer-se a percepção que jovens delinquentes têm do estilo parental, bem como o suporte social da família por eles vivenciado, utilizando as versões traduzidas de Parental Authority Questionnaire – PAQ (Buri, 1991) e Perceived Social Support Family Scale - PSS-Fa (Procidano & Heller, 2000). Rec...

Vulnerabilidade da família: desenvolvimento do conceito Vulnerabilidad de la familia: desarrollo del concepto Family vulnerability: concept development

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Myriam Aparecida Mandetta Pettengill

2005-12-01

Full Text Available O objetivo deste estudo foi desenvolver o conceito vulnerabilidade da família. Os dados foram coletados utilizando-se a estratégia da Análise Qualitativa de Conceito que consta de duas etapas: na primeira, a fase teórica, utilizou-se dados da literatura e, na segunda, a fase de campo, entrevista e observação de 12 famílias vivenciando uma experiência de doença e hospitalização de um filho. O referencial teórico foi o Interacionismo Simbólico, dando sustentação à Teoria Fundamentada nos Dados, utilizada para guiar a coleta e análise dos dados na etapa de campo. Como resultado, construiu-se um modelo teórico cuja categoria central define a vulnerabilidade da família como SENTINDO-SE AMEAÇADA EM SUA AUTONOMIA, em razão das interações com a doença, família e equipe. A comparação das duas análises permitiu elaborar uma proposição teórica de vulnerabilidade da família e avançar em termos de conhecimento teórico para a área de enfermagem da família.Este estudio buscó desarrollar el concepto vulnerabilidad de la familia, utilizando la estrategia del Análisis Cualitativo de Concepto, que consta de dos etapas: en la primera, la fase teórica, los datos fueron recolectados con base en la literatura, y, en la segunda, la fase de campo, se utilizaron observaciones y entrevistas con 12 familias que vivencian una experiencia de enfermedad y hospitalización de un hijo. El Interaccionismo Simbólico fue el eje teórico que orientó los procesos de indagación, dando sustento a la Teoría Fundamentada en los Datos, que fue utilizada para guiar la recolección y análisis de los datos en esta etapa. Como resultado, se construyó un modelo teórico cuya categoría central define la vulnerabilidad de la familia como SINTIÉNDOSE AMENAZADA EN SU AUTONOMÍA, en razón de las interacciones con la enfermedad, familia y equipo. La comparación de los dos análisis permitió la elaboración de una propuesta teórica de vulnerabilidad

Família no contexto escolar: sua participação no processo de aprendizagem no 2º ano do ensino fundamental

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Abadia Nair Alves de Almeida Bazeleski

2011-07-01

Full Text Available Este trabalho aborda o tema família/escola, relacionado a influência participativa no processo de aprendizagem. Esta pesquisa vem analisar, se estas contribuições familiares, podem influenciar no aprendizado escolar das crianças. Foi utilizado como metodologia, o estudo de caso qualitativo sendo que está atento para novas descobertas. Os sujeitos participativos desta pesquisa têm como foco, alunos de um 2º ano do ensino fundamental do período matutino, professora regente da sala e alguns pais responsáveis, sendo todos de uma escola pública. Para a coleta de dados, foram utilizados questionários com perguntas abertas e entrevistas semi estruturadas, gravadas em MP4, para então serem transcritas e fundamentadas sobre os olhares de alguns autores como: Gabriel Chalita, Jacques Delors, Airton Negrine e Tânia Zagury. As observações foram feitas anteriormente, nas salas de aula, durante as reuniões de pais e entregas de notas. Nestas observações, podemos constatar que os professores, atribuem às famílias elevada importância no aprendizado do aluno. Entretanto a maioria desses pais não está presente, reconhecendo e assumindo seu papel, sobrecarregando e deixando toda a responsabilidade para a escola. Neste contexto torna-se evidentemente que a escola sozinha não tem como fazer um trabalho completo na vida do aluno. Ela precisa da participação da família ou dos seus responsáveis. A educação é feita de participação, onde todos aprendem uns com os outros, criando condições e capacidades de aprendizagem.Palavras-chave: educação; aluno; participação; família.

Concordance Between Different Amyloid Immunoassays and Visual Amyloid Positron Emission Tomographic Assessment.

Science.gov (United States)

Janelidze, Shorena; Pannee, Josef; Mikulskis, Alvydas; Chiao, Ping; Zetterberg, Henrik; Blennow, Kaj; Hansson, Oskar

2017-12-01

Visual assessment of amyloid positron emission tomographic (PET) images has been approved by regulatory authorities for clinical use. Several immunoassays have been developed to measure β-amyloid (Aβ) 42 in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). The agreement between CSF Aβ42 measures from different immunoassays and visual PET readings may influence the use of CSF biomarkers and/or amyloid PET assessment in clinical practice and trials. To determine the concordance between CSF Aβ42 levels measured using 5 different immunoassays and visual amyloid PET analysis. The study included 262 patients with mild cognitive impairment or subjective cognitive decline from the Swedish BioFINDER (Biomarkers for Identifying Neurodegenerative Disorders Early and Reliably) cohort (recruited from September 1, 2010, through December 31, 2014) who had undergone flutemetamol F 18 ([18F]flutemetamol)-labeled PET. Levels of CSF Aβ42 were analyzed using the classic INNOTEST and the newer modified INNOTEST, fully automated Lumipulse (FL), EUROIMMUN (EI), and Meso Scale Discovery (MSD) assays. Concentrations of CSF Aβ were assessed using an antibody-independent mass spectrometry-based reference measurement procedure. The concordance of CSF Aβ42 levels and Aβ42:Aβ40 and Aβ42:tau ratios with visual [18F]flutemetamol PET status. Of 262 participants (mean [SD] age, 70.9 [5.5] years), 108 were women (41.2%) and 154 were men (58.8%). The mass spectrometry-derived Aβ42 values showed higher correlations with the modified Aβ42-INNOTEST (r = 0.97), Aβ42-FL (r = 0.93), Aβ42-EI (r = 0.93), and Aβ42-MSD (r = 0.95) assays compared with the classic Aβ42-INNOTEST assay (r = 0.88; P ≤ .01). The signal in the classic Aβ42-INNOTEST assay was partly quenched by recombinant Aβ1-40 peptide. However, the classic Aβ42-INNOTEST assay showed better concordance with visual [18F]flutemetamol PET status (area under the receiver operating characteristic curve [AUC], 0.92) compared with the

Evolução do quantitativo de nutricionistas na Atenção Básica do Brasil: a contribuição dos Núcleos de Apoio à Saúde da Família e da Estratégia Saúde da Família de 2007 a 2013

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Ivana Aragão Lira VASCONCELOS

2015-08-01

Full Text Available Objetivo Identificar a evolução do quantitativo de nutricionistas atuantes na Atenção Básica nos municípios brasileiros, com ênfase nas Equipes de Saúde da Família e nos Núcleos de Apoio à Saúde da Família. Métodos Estudo descritivo utilizando dados secundários do número de nutricionistas, tempo no serviço, tipo de equipe, estabelecimentos onde são cadastrados e perfil dos municípios brasileiros, solicitados pela equipe da pesquisa e fornecidos pelo Ministério da Saúde, com base no Cadastro Nacional de Estabelecimentos de Saúde no período de 2007 a 2013. Foi utilizada a estatística descritiva. Resultados O número de nutricionistas aumentou ao longo dos anos porque mais municípios brasileiros contrataram estes profissionais. O incremento foi mais acentuado (cerca de 700% entre 2008 e 2013 para os Núcleos de Apoio à Saúde da Família, nos quais o profissional é o terceiro mais presente, após psicólogos e fisioterapeutas. Pequena parcela dos nutricionistas (6-15% permaneceu no cargo por mais de cinco anos; o percentual variou de acordo com o ano e com o tipo de equipe. Os municípios de pequeno porte, pertencentes à região Nordeste e com Índice de Desenvolvimento Humano Municipal médio, foram os que mais contrataram profissionais nutricionistas. Por outro lado, houve um menor aumento, de 75%, no número de nutricionistas contratados para as Unidades Básicas/Centros de Saúde (excluindo os profissionais dos Núcleos e da Estratégia Saúde da Família. Conclusão Foi constatado o aumento do número de nutricionistas na Atenção Básica, bem como o aumento no número de municípios que contrataram este profissional, principalmente para os Núcleos de Apoio à Saúde da Família. A manutenção dessa taxa de aumento poderá influenciar na inversão da proporção de nutricionistas da Atenção Básica, em relação aos outros níveis de atenção à saúde, como a média e alta complexidade.

PRÁTICA GERENCIAL DO ENFERMEIRO NA ESTRATÉGIA SAÚDE DA FAMÍLIA

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Ludmila Mourão Xavier-Gomes

Full Text Available ResumoO presente estudo objetivou analisar a prática gerencial dos enfermeiros na Estratégia Saúde da Família. Trata-se de pesquisa descritiva e exploratória, com abordagem qualitativa pautada na fenomenologia sociológica de Alfred Schütz. Para a coleta de dados, realizou-se a entrevista semiestruturada. Os sujeitos da pesquisa foram 11 enfermeiros das equipes de saúde da família do município de Conselheiro Lafaiete, Minas Gerais, no período de agosto a novembro de 2009. Os dados coletados foram submetidos à análise de conteúdo, respeitando-se os preceitos éticos de pesquisa envolvendo seres humanos. Os resultados evidenciaram as seguintes categorias: “A percepção sobre o trabalho” e “Fatores intervenientes no trabalho”. Nos discursos, destaca-se a gestão de pessoas como importante ferramenta que permeia as relações entre a equipe de saúde. Em relação aos fatores dificultadores, os profissionais levantaram questões relacionadas à insatisfação, vivenciada na falta de reconhecimento do seu trabalho assistencial e gerencial. O fortalecimento da ação gerencial do enfermeiro é imprescindível na construção de uma prática autônoma e ampla no contexto da atenção primária à saúde.

Development of an ultrasensitive immunoassay for detecting tartrazine.

Science.gov (United States)

Li, Zhuokun; Song, Shanshan; Xu, Liguang; Kuang, Hua; Guo, Shidong; Xu, Chuanlai

2013-06-25

We have developed an ultrasensitive indirect competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for the determination of tartrazine. Two carboxylated analogues of tartrazine with different spacer lengths, and one derivative from commercial tartrazine after a little chemical modification, were synthesized as haptens in order to produce antibodies specific to tartrazine. The effect of sulfonic acid groups on the hapten structure of tartrazine was also studied carefully for the first time. A most specific monoclonal antibody against tartrazine was created and exhibited an IC50 value of 0.105 ng/mL and a limit of detection of 0.014 ng/mL, with no cross-reactivity to other structurally-related pigments. The established immunoassay was applied to the determination of tartrazine in fortified samples of orange juice and in real positive samples of carbonated beverages.

Violência física contra a criança : fatores de risco e proteção e padrões de interação na família

OpenAIRE

Villas Boas, Ana Carolina Villares Barral

2014-01-01

A violência física contra a criança na família tem despertado muitos debates sobre as práticas de socialização das gerações mais novas e a violação dos direitos da criança. A violência física atinge milhares de famílias, e muitos casos ocorrem em situações em que os pais punem os filhos como forma de educá-los. Diversas pesquisas apontam para fatores de risco relacionados a esse tipo de violência, tais como a experiência dos pais na família de origem, suas crenças sobre a punição física e a d...

Sequential injection chemiluminescence immunoassay for nonionic surfactants by using magnetic microbeads

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Zhang Ruiq; Nakajima, Hizuru; Soh, Nobuaki; Nakano, Koji; Masadome, Takashi; Nagata, Kazumi; Sakamoto, Kazuhira; Imato, Toshihiko

2007-01-01

A rapid and sensitive immunoassay based on a sequential injection analysis (SIA) using magnetic microbeads for the determination of alkylphenol polyethoxylates (APnEOs) is described. An SIA system was constructed from a syringe pump, a switching valve, a flow-through type immunoreaction cell equipped with a photon counting unit and a neodymium magnet. Magnetic beads, to which an anti-APnEOs monoclonal antibody was immobilized, were used as a solid support in an immunoassay. The introduction, trapping and release of the magnetic beads in and from the immunoreaction cell were controlled by means of a neodymium magnet and adjusting the flow of a carrier solution. The immunoassay was based on an indirect competitive immunoreaction of an anti-APnEOs monoclonal antibody immobilized on the magnetic beads with a sample APnEOs and a horseradish peroxidase (HRP)-labeled APnEOs in the same sample solution, and was based on the subsequent chemiluminscence reaction of HRP on the magnetic microbeads with a luminol solution containing hydrogen peroxide and p-iodophenol. The anti-APnEOs antibody was immobilized on the magnetic microbeads by coupling the antibody with the magnetic beads after activation of a carboxylate moiety on the surface of the magnetic beads that had been coated with a polylactic acid film. The antibody immobilized magnetic beads were introduced in the immunoreaction cell and trapped in it by the neodymium magnet, which was equipped beneath the immunoreaction cell. An APnEOs sample solution containing the HRP-labeled APnEOs at a constant concentration, and a luminol solution containing hydrogen peroxide and p-iodophenol were sequentially introduced into the immunoreaction cell, according to an SIA programmed sequence. Chemiluminescence emission was monitored by means of a photon counting unit located at the upper side of the immunoreaction cell by collecting the emitted light with a lens. A typical sigmoidal calibration curve was obtained, when the logarithm

Sobre coisas de outros tempos: rastros biográficos nas crônicas de Cecília Meireles na Página de Educação - About things from other times: biographic traces of Cecília Meireles stories in the Education Page

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Ana Chrystina Venancio Mignot

2011-03-01

Full Text Available Resumo Adentrar  pela urdidura  narrativa  da  crônica  “A  escola  atraente” permite discutir a relação entre objetos  escolares e memória e, ao mesmo tempo, examinar o papel desempenhado por Cecília Meireles no debate  educacional dos anos 30, do século passado, debate este marcado por uma  nova  sensibilidade pela infância e  que  conferiu identidade a uma geração de intelectuais que apostou na constituição do  campo educacional. Investigar o horizonte de  intervenção  da cronista permitiu uma aproximação com um ângulo menos estudado da biografia intelectual da poeta, jornalista e educadora. Palavras-chave: Cecília Meireles; Escola Nova;  biografia;  cultura material da escola.   ABOUT  THINGS  FROM OTHER TIMES: BIOGRAPHIC TRACES OF CECILIA MEIRELES’ STORIES  IN THE EDUCATION PAGE Abstract The  plot  of the story “A escola atraente”  (The  attractive  school opens a discussion about  the  relation  between  school objects and memory and, at  the same  time,  reveals  the role played by Cecilia Meireles in the education debates of the 1930’s, which were marked by a  new understanding  of  childhood  by a  whole  generation  of intellectuals that  had placed their bets in  the constitution  of the education field. The investigation of Meireles' range of intervention resulted  in  approaching a less known aspect of her intellectual biography as a poet, journalist and education scholar. Keywords: Cecilia Meireles; New School; biography; school material culture.     SOBRE COSAS DE OTROS TIEMPOS: RASTROS BIOGRÁFICOS EN LAS CRÓNICAS DE CECÍLIA MEIRELES EN LA “PÁGINA DE EDUCACIÓN” Resumen Adentrar  por  la  urdidura  narrativa  de  la  crónica  “La   escuela atractiva”   permite  discutir  la  relación  entre   objetos  escolares  y memoria y, al mismo tiempo, examinar el rol de Cecília Meireles en el debate  educacional de los años 30

Mobilizando-se para a família: dando um novo sentido à família e ao cuidar Movilizandose para la familia: dando una nueva definicion a la familia y el cuidado Moving to the family: giving a new definition for the family and the care

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Monika Wernet

2003-03-01

Full Text Available Frente à necessidade de compreender como o enfermeiro direciona-se para as famílias, importando-se em cuidar delas, o presente estudo, utilizando-se do Interacionismo Simbólico como referencial teórico, e do Interacionismo Interpretativo como referencial metodológico, obteve narrativas biográficas de doze enfermeiras pediatras enfocando tal aspecto. Os dados analisados reconstruíram uma estória que apresenta epifanias que alteraram significados, verificando que é por meio da definição e reflexão sobre família e cuidar que há a mobilização para a família.Fente a la necesidad de comprender como el enfermero direcciona su trabajo en el cuidado de las familias, el presente estudio, utilizando el Interacionismo Simbólico como referencial teórico y el Interacionismo Interpretativo como referencial metodológico, obtuvo narrativas biográficas de doce enfermeras pediátricas , enfocando tal aspecto. Los datos analizados recontruyeron uma historia que contiene los elementos de sensibilización, verificando que es por medio de la definición y reflexión sobre la familia y en el cuidado de ella, que el enfermero pediátrico se abre (amplia , progresivamente, para la família para poder estar junto a ella, alcanzando la libertad de acción.Identifying the need to comprehend how nurses 'move' to the family, with the intention of caring for them, the present study obtained twelve biographical narratives of pediatric nurses. The theoretical approach adopted was the Symbolic Interactionism and the methodological one was the Interpretative Interactionism. The analysis of the data allowed the reconstruction of a story which showed that through modifying the concept of caring and family is the process that approximate the pediatric nurses progressively to the family, to a being with them, reaching the freedom to act.

Dinâmica e sociabilidade em famílias de classes populares: histórias de vida

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Marina Rezende Bazon

2000-07-01

Full Text Available Este trabalho investiga histórias de vida de três famílias, cadastradas em programas sociais, cujos filhos encontravam-se abrigados em instituição, sob medida de proteção. O objetivo consistiu em identificar e analisar aspectos inerentes a suas dinâmicas e sociabilidade. A coleta de dados deu-se através da análise dos prontuários, entrevistas com profissional responsável pelo acompanhamento dos casos e com membros delas. Os dados foram organizados de modo a esboçar as trajetórias percorridas pelos grupos familiares tendo em vista o momento anterior e posterior ao abrigamento dos filhos. Os resultados permitem afirmar que as três famílias pertencem às classes populares e que todas partem de um modelo nuclear. Ao longo das histórias, frente às inúmeras dificuldades materiais, verificar-se-ia a desagregação do grupo inicial com a recorrência a estratégias de sobrevivência bastante diversificadas, incluindo o abrigamento dos filhos.

A Itinerância dos artistas: a construção do campo das artes visuais em Brasília (1958-1967 The itinerancy of artists: the construction of the visual arts field in Brasília (1958-1967

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Angélica Madeira

2002-10-01

Full Text Available Este artigo apresenta os primeiros resultados do projeto Itinerâncias Urbanas: os artistas e o campo das representações estéticas, que pretende mapear e analisar a produção e a consolidação do campo das artes visuais em Brasília, em três momentos significativos de sua história: os anos 50, quando se tornaram hegemônicos o paradigma racionalista em arquitetura e urbanismo, e o concretismo no Brasil; 1967, ano do quarto Salão Nacional de Artes Plásticas de Brasília, o último promovido pelo mecenato oficial, que tornou explícita a tendência conceitual na arte brasileira; e, finalmente o momento contemporâneo, ou seja, as duas últimas décadas, quando mudam os mecanismos de patrocínio e se torna mais explícita a relação entre arte e mercado. O artigo pretende ainda pontuar algumas questões mais substantivas, de natureza teórica, assim como alguns impasses de método.This article presents the first results of a research which aims at mapping and analyzing the construction and the consolidation of the field of the visual arts in Brasília. The whole project is divided into three significant moments of the city's history: the fifties, when the rationalist model in architecture and urban design, and concretism in the field of the arts became hegemonic; the late sixties, when conceptualism was strongly affirmed on the Brazilian art scene; and finally, the two last decades, which brought big changes to patronage and to art market strategies. The article also punctuate some theoretical and methodological remarks.

Ofélia morta: do discurso à imagem Ophelia: discourse, image and biopolitics

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Márcia Tiburi

2010-08-01

Full Text Available O artigo reflete sobre a relação entre a imagem de Ofélia em Hamlet, de Shakespeare, e as representações pictóricas da personagem comuns no século XIX com o objetivo de situar a ideologia da morte das mulheres entre textos trágicos e pinturas.This article discusses the relation between Ophelia's image in Hamlet, Shakespeare, and the character's pictorial representations in the nineteenth century, aiming at situating the ideology of the women's death amidst drama and pictures.

FAMÍLIAS HOMOPARENTAIS E MATERNIDADE BIOLÓGICA

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Mônica Fortuna Pontes

2015-04-01

Full Text Available O presente estudo teve por objetivo analisar os desafios e percalços vivenciados por casais de mulheres para a concretização da maternidade biológica, com o auxílio das novas tecnologias reprodutivas. Foram discutidas as motivações para a utilização de sêmen de doadores anônimos, assim como as razões pela opção por certas características dos referidos doadores. Foram entrevistadas nove mulheres, que vivem em coabitação com outras mulheres e que planejaram a maternidade conjuntamente. A concretização da maternidade por meio de laços biológicos apareceu como prioridade para as mulheres entrevistadas, reproduzindo, de certa forma, um modelo idealizado e tradicional de família. Contudo, a maternidade realizada ao lado de outra mulher originou uma configuração familiar controversa e perturbadora, uma vez que a homoparentalidade, de qualquer tipo, subverte noções prontas de parentesco e, quando atravessada pelas novas tecnologias de reprodução, constituiu-se, necessariamente, como algo inovador.

Genetic polymorphism of Streptococcus mutans in Brazilian family members Polimorfismo genético de Streptococcus mutans em membros de famílias brasileiras

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Denise Madalena Palomari Spolidorio

2003-07-01

Full Text Available The aim of this study was to determine whether random amplified polymorphic DNA (AP-PCR analysis is able to differentiate genetically different clones of mutans streptococci, in 22 Brazilian family members. Stimulated saliva samples were collected from fathers, mothers and infants. For 5-18 months babies with erupting primary dentition, plaque samples were collected using sterile tooth pick tips. From these samples, mutans streptococci were isolated on SB-20 agar plates. After growth, representative colonies were identified by biochemical methods on the basis of carbohydrate fermentation. Streptococcus mutans isolates were obtained from all family members and AP-PCR typed separately with a random primer (OPA-13. Bacterial cell lysates were used as template in PCR reactions and the amplified DNA fragments obtained were compared by agarose gel electrophoresis. Results demonstrated that the father shared the baby's genotype in three families and the mother shared the baby's genotype in 12 families seven babies harbored Streptococcus mutans strains similar to those of their siblings. The technique was able to demonstrate the genetic Streptococcus mutans in Brazilian family members.O objetivo deste estudo foi determinar, através da técnica de reação em cadeia da polimerase com primers arbitrários (AP-PCR a capacidade de diferenciar clones geneticamente distintos de Streptococcus mutans e estabelecer o grau de similaridade intrafamilial para os isolados. Para o presente estudo, foram selecionadas 22 famílias brasileiras. Amostras de saliva foram coletadas de todos os membros das famílias. Das crianças com idade entre 5-18 meses obteve-se amostras de placa dental. Após o isolamento das colônias com características morfológicas, realizou-se a identificação bioquímica com base na fermentação de carboidratos. O polimorfismo genético de Streptococcus mutans foi pesquisado através da técnica de AP-PCR utilizando-se o primer OPA-13. Os

The role of ethnic tourism in the food knowledge tradition of Tyrolean migrants in Treze Tílias, SC, Brazil.

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Kuhn, Elisabeth; Haselmair, Ruth; Pirker, Heidemarie; Vogl, Christian R

2018-04-06

Food knowledge and consumption in the context of migration is an important topic in ethnobiological research. Little research is done on the process of how external factors impact food knowledge amongst migrants. Taking into account social organisation and power relations of food knowledge transmission and distribution of food knowledge, this study sheds light on how the accessibility of resources, the predominant cuisine in the host country and ethnic tourism influences the food knowledge tradition of Tyrolean migrants and their descendants in Treze Tílias. Field research was conducted in Austria and Brazil in 2008-2009, using free-listing, social network analysis and participatory observation. The collected data was analysed by calculating Smith's Salience index, visualising personal and social networks and qualitative text analysis. Tyroleans in Austria had a different perception and a higher agreement of what Tyrolean food comprises than Tyroleans in Brazil, indicating different developments: Tyrolean migrants adapted their food habits according to available resources and over time in Brazil. Later, ethnic tourism had a strong impact: In Treze Tílias, dishes with the highest Smith's Salience index-forming the core of cultural food knowledge-strongly coincided with Tyrolean food served in ethnic restaurants, whose staff were perceived to be experts in Tyrolean food. Despite most food knowledge in Treze Tílias was transmitted within families, ethnic food prepared in restaurants and hotels determined the shared perception of what Tyrolean food comprises. Perceived as experts, the staff in ethnic restaurants were in a powerful position to transform cultural food knowledge by providing institutionalised and standardised knowledge about Tyrolean food.

A sulfhydryl-reactive ruthenium (II complex and its conjugation to protein G as a universal reagent for fluorescent immunoassays.

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Jing-Tang Lin

Full Text Available To develop a fluorescent ruthenium complex for biosensing, we synthesized a novel sulfhydryl-reactive compound, 4-bromophenanthroline bis-2,2'-dipyridine Ruthenium bis (hexafluorophosphate. The synthesized Ru(II complex was crosslinked with thiol-modified protein G to form a universal reagent for fluorescent immunoassays. The resulting Ru(II-protein G conjugates were identified by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE. The emission peak wavelength of the Ru(II-protein G conjugate was 602 nm at the excitation of 452 nm which is similar to the spectra of the Ru(II complex, indicating that Ru(II-protein G conjugates still remain the same fluorescence after conjugation. To test the usefulness of the conjugate for biosensing, immunoglobulin G (IgG binding assay was conducted. The result showed that Ru(II-protein G conjugates were capable of binding IgG and the more cross-linkers to modify protein G, the higher conjugation efficiency. To demonstrate the feasibility of Ru(II-protein G conjugates for fluorescent immunoassays, the detection of recombinant histidine-tagged protein using the conjugates and anti-histidine antibody was developed. The results showed that the histidine-tagged protein was successfully detected with dose-response, indicating that Ru(II-protein G conjugate is a useful universal fluorescent reagent for quantitative immunoassays.

Enzyme immunoassay of oestrogen receptors in needle biopsies from human liver

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Becker, U; Andersen, J; Poulsen, H S

1991-01-01

For quantitative assessments of sex hormone receptors in liver tissue, ligand binding assays are inconvenient, as they require large biopsies (0.5-1.0 g). The present study shows that it is possible to measure oestrogen receptors (ER) quantitatively in needle biopsy specimens as small as 10 mg...... by modifications of a commercial enzyme immunoassay employing monoclonal antibodies. Sucrose gradient centrifugation and the dextran charcoal method served as reference methods. A consecutive series of needle biopsies from patients suspected of liver disease were investigated. The biopsies (n = 37) had a median...

The fabrication of magnetic particle-based chemiluminescence immunoassay for human epididymis protein-4 detection in ovarian cancer.

Science.gov (United States)

Fu, Xiaoling; Liu, Yangyang; Qiu, Ruiyun; Foda, Mohamed F; Zhang, Yong; Wang, Tao; Li, Jinshan

2018-03-01

The magnetic particles have a significant influence on the immunoassay detection and cancer therapy. Herein, the chemiluminescence immunoassay combined with the magnetic particles (MPCLIA) was presented for the clinical determination and analysis of human epididymis protein 4 (HE4) in the human serum. Under the optimized experiment conditions, the secure MPCLIA method can detect HE4 in the broader range of 0-1000 pmol/L, with a lower detection limit of 1.35 pmol/L. The satisfactory recovery rate of the method in the serum ranged from 83.62% to 105.10%, which was well within the requirement of clinical analysis. Moreover, the results showed the good correlation with enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), with the correlation coefficient of 0.9589. This proposed method has been successfully applied to the clinical determination of HE4 in the human serum.

Conseqüências da falência de um Estado: pirataria nas águas da Somália

OpenAIRE

FARID ZAGO, EVANDRO; KORAI PINHEIRO MINILLO, XAMAN

2008-01-01

Anos de falência estatal culminam no

desenvolvimento, na costa da Somália, do maior pólo

de pirataria do mundo.

Extrativismo de bromélias no Estado do Paraná Bromeliads wild harvesting in State of Paraná

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Raquel Rejane Bonato Negrelle

2012-06-01

Full Text Available Visando a contribuir para o melhor entendimento da participação da atividade extrativista no âmbito da comercialização de bromélias no Brasil, apresentou-se resultado de pesquisa que buscou: a identificar e caracterizar os extrativistas de bromélias formalmente registrados e os informais no Estado do Paraná; b identificar e caracterizar as metodologias de coleta, o preparo e vias de comercialização das plantas coletadas; c levantar a opinião dos extrativistas sobre facilidades e dificuldades desta atividade. O extrativismo de bromélias no Paraná foi identificado em 12 municípios, englobando 31 famílias extratoras, predominantemente concentradas no litoral do Paraná (n=10 e Município de Ortigueira (n=7. Foram identificados dois tipos básicos de extrativistas: residente e oportunista, com diferenças marcantes entre estes, especialmente no que se refere a volume e forma de extração. Foram identificadas 21 espécies submetidas ao extrativismo, sendo as mais frequentemente coletadas: Vriesea incurvata Gaudich. comercializada por 90% dos entrevistados, Nidularium innocentii Lem. (77%, Vriesea platynema Gaudich. (67%, Tillandsia stricta Sol. ex Ker Gawl. (55% e Vriesea carinata Lem. (55%.Aiming to contribute to the better understanding of the wild harvesting participation in the context of the bromeliads trade, the results from a study focused on: a identifying and to characterizing the bromeliads wild harvesters (formally and not formally registered in the State of the Paraná; b identifying and characterizing the harvesting methodologies, preparation and trade routes, and c surveying the harvesters opinion on the facilities and difficulties of bromeliads wild harvesting are presented. The bromeliads wild harvesting was detected in 12 municipalities at Parana State, involving 31 harvester families, most of them concentrated at the coastal zone (n=10 and Ortigueira Mun. (7. Two basic harvester types were identified: resident and

Hospitalização por acidentes com crianças e contexto familiar: proteção e responsabilidade na família contemporânea

OpenAIRE

Andrea Machado Teixeira Dias

2009-01-01

Trata-se de um estudo onde se pretendeu aprofundar econhecer a prevalência clínica de acidentes com crianças e as condições familiares relacionadas à proteção, suporte e responsabilidade em famílias que buscam atendimento em unidade de emergência, no Hospital Geral do Estado, na cidade de Salvador, Bahia. Objetivouse, mais especificamente, conhecer as condições sócio-econômicas destas famílias; conhecer as percepções do responsável presente no momento da assistência sobre fa...

ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT OF URBANIZATION ON SANTA EULÁLIA SMALL FARM, SÃO LUÍS-MA, BRAZIL

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Marina de Alcântara Rufino

2005-05-01

Full Text Available The small farm Santa Eulália occupies a privileged area in the landscape compositionof the city of São Luis, being situated in one of the vectors of urban expansion, the edges ofthe avenue Euclides Figueiredo, on the northwest of the island of Maranhão, next to thecenter. In the decade of 1980, the small farm was inserted in area of permanent environmentprotection and in the beginning of the decade of 1990, Santa Eulália received great landscapealteration for interest in creating the housing development Santa Eulália for an estimatedpopulation of 35 thousand inhabitants. The intervention was made aiming to organize thegrowth of the city, however the execution of the work generated a great controversy, as muchpolitical as environmental, but also social, with the argument that the area destined to theimplantation of the housing development would be of permanent preservation and placed onthe side of a garbage deposit that served as a deposit of solid residues for all the cities of theisland. After the deforestation of 107.32 hectares and the implantation of the primaryinfrastructure in the place that involved services of embankment, drainage and pavement, thework was seized by the Brazilian Institute of the Environment and Renewable NaturalResources (IBAMA, but the main environmental impacts had already occurred or wasoccurring. Due to the land filling, embankment, previous cut of palm trees and mangrove,some foci of erosion with the creation of several gullies had originated and had a consequentsanding of creeks due to the material carried by the rain, besides that, the exposed soil is poorand with lateritic concretions . These factors made it difficult to attempt the forest resetting ofthe area in study. Therefore, the recovery of all the area becomes necessary in order to leaveit with a profile similar to the original, mainly in the areas considered untouchable for theBrazilian environmental legislation.

Ações de saúde na estratégia saúde da família no município goiano na perspectiva da integralidade

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Fabiana Ribeiro Santana

2013-06-01

Full Text Available Objetivou-se com este estudo analisar as ações de saúde desenvolvidas por equipes de saúde da família em um município do sudeste goiano à luz da integralidade. Trata-se de pesquisa exploratória descritiva de abordagem qualitativa. A coleta de dados foi realizada por meio de entrevistas e, após uma análise de conteúdo, elegeram-se três categorias temáticas: Ações dos trabalhadores e articulação entre elas; A ESF não funciona como Estratégia Saúde da Família;Atualização das equipes de saúde da família. Os resultados demonstram a fragmentação das ações e desarticulação entre os trabalhadores, o que dificulta a integralidade. Concluiu-se, assim, que existe uma necessidade de investimentos na educação permanente em saúde, no fortalecimento do controle social, na avaliação participativa no SUS e no aprimoramento de tecnologias de gestão e cuidado.

The Use of Recombinant Hemagglutinine Protein of Rinderpest Virus in Enzyme Immunoassay

OpenAIRE

BULUT, Hakan; BOLAT, Yusuf

2003-01-01

In this study, Rinderpest virus (RPV) recombinant hemagglutinine protein (rH) fused with protein A region of Staphylococcus aureus was expressed in Escherichia coli and purified by IgG affinity chromatography. rH protein was also used to establish enzyme immunoassay. Therefore, to prevent IgG binding to the protein A the wells coated with the rH proteins were blocked by human serum. Afterwards, RPV antigens were added to the wells to evaluate this assay. To this end, serum from mice immunized...

A família Rubiaceae na Reserva Biológica Guaribas, Paraíba, Brasil: subfamílias Antirheoideae, Cinchonoideae e Ixoroideae The family Rubiaceae in the Guaribas Biological Reserve, Paraíba State, Brazil: subfamilies Antirheoideae, Cinchonoideae and Ixoroideae

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Maria do Socorro Pereira

2004-06-01

Full Text Available Este trabalho consiste no levantamento dos representantes das subfamílias Antirheoideae, Cinchonoideae e Ixoroideae na Reserva Biológica Guaribas, Paraíba, Brasil. Foram realizadas coletas intensivas no período de outubro/2000 a outubro/2001, as quais resultaram no reconhecimento de 12 espécies, 10 gêneros e cinco tribos, distribuídos nas três subfamílias. A subfamília melhor representada foi Antirheoideae, com cinco espécies, quatro gêneros e duas tribos. Os gêneros com maior número de espécies foram Guettarda L. (2 e Tocoyena Aubl. (2. Alibertia A. Rich. ex DC., Alseis Schott, Chiococca P. Browne, Chomelia Jacq., Coutarea Aubl., Posoqueria Aubl., Sabicea Aubl. e Salzmannia DC. apresentaram uma única espécie cada. São apresentadas chaves para identificação, descrições, comentários sobre morfologia e distribuição das espécies, e ilustrações dos táxons verificados.This paper is a survey of Rubiaceae subfamilies Antirheoideae, Cinchonoideae and Ixoroideae in the Guaribas Biological Reserve, Paraíba, Brazil. Intensive collections were made from October/2000 to October/2001. Twelve species, 10 genera and five tribes were recognized. The most diverse subfamily was Antirheoideae, with five species, four genera and two tribes. The genera with the most species were Guettarda L. (2 and Tocoyena Aubl. (2. Alibertia A. Rich. ex DC., Alseis Schott, Chiococca P. Browne, Chomelia Jacq., Coutarea Aubl., Posoqueria Aubl., Sabicea Aubl., and Salzmannia DC. were represented by only one species each. Keys, descriptions, comments on morphology and species distributions, as well as illustrations of the taxa are provided.

Accuracy of immunoassay and mass spectrometry urinary free cortisol in the diagnosis of Cushing's syndrome.

Science.gov (United States)

Aranda, G; Careaga, M; Hanzu, F A; Patrascioiu, I; Ríos, P; Mora, M; Morales-Romero, B; Jiménez, W; Halperin, I; Casals, G

2016-10-01

Urinary free cortisol (UFC) determination by highly specific methods as mass spectrometry instead of commercially available antibody-based immunoassays is increasingly recommended. However, clinical comparisons of both analytical approaches in the screening of Cushing's syndrome (CS) are not available. The aim of this study was to evaluate the diagnostic value of mass spectrometry versus immunoassay measurements of 24 h-UFC in the screening of CS. Cross-sectional study of 33 histologically confirmed CS patients: 25 Cushing's disease, 5 adrenal CS and 3 ectopic CS; 92 non-CS patients; and 35 healthy controls. UFC by immunoassay (UFCxIA) and mass spectrometry (UFCxMS), urinary free cortisone (UFCo) and UFC:UFCo ratio were measured, together with creatinine-corrected values. Sensitivity, specificity, AUC and Landis and Koch concordance index were determined. AUC for UFCxIA and UFCxMS were 0.77 (CI 0.68-0.87) and 0.77 (CI 0.67-0.87) respectively, with a kappa coefficient 0.60 and strong Landis and Koch concordance index. The best calculated cutoff values were 359 nmol/24 h for UFCxIA (78 % sensitivity, 62 % specificity) and 258.1 nmol/24 h for UCFxMS (53 % sensitivity, 86 % specificity). The upper limit of UFCxIA and UCFxMS reference ranges were 344.7 and 169.5 nmol/24 h respectively. Sensitivity and specificity for CS diagnosis at these cutpoints were 84 and 56 % for UFCxIA and 81 and 54 % for UFCxMS. According to our data, both methods present a very similar diagnostic value. However, results suggest that lower cutoff points for mass spectrometry may be necessary in order to improve clinical sensitivity.

Photoelectrochemical detection of enzymatically generated CdS nanoparticles: Application to development of immunoassay.

Science.gov (United States)

Barroso, Javier; Saa, Laura; Grinyte, Ruta; Pavlov, Valeri

2016-03-15

We report an innovative photoelectrochemical process (PEC) based on graphite electrode modified with electroactive polyvinylpyridine bearing osmium complex (Os-PVP). The system relies on the in situ enzymatic generation of CdS quantum dots (QDs). Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) catalyzes the hydrolisis of sodium thiophosphate (TP) to hydrogen sulfide (H2S) which in the presence Cd(2+) ions yields CdS semiconductor nanoparticles (SNPs). Irradiation of SNPs with the standard laboratory UV-illuminator (wavelength of 365 nm) results in photooxidation of 1-thioglycerol (TG) mediated by Os-PVP complex on the surface of graphite electrode at applied potential of 0.31 V vs. Ag/AgCl. A novel immunoassay based on specific enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) combined with the PEC methodology was developed. Having selected the affinity interaction between bovine serum albumine (BSA) with anti-BSA antibody (AB) as a model system, we built the PEC immunoassay for AB. The new assay displays a linear range up to 20 ngmL(-1) and a detection limit (DL) of 2 ngmL(-1) (S/N=3) which is lower 5 times that of the traditional chromogenic ELISA test employing p-nitro-phenyl phosphate (pNPP). Copyright © 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

A pessoa idosa, sua família e a hipertensão arterial: cuidados num Programa de Treinamento Físico Aeróbio

OpenAIRE

Squarcini, Camila Fabiana Rossi; Silva, Luzia Wilma Santana da; Reis, Jonatas Fonseca dos; Pires, Eulina Patrícia Oliveira Ramos; Tonosaki, Lúcia Midori Damaceno; Ferreira, Geisa Albertino

2011-01-01

Estudo objetivou avaliar a pressão arterial e a dimensão morfológica de pessoas idosas, antes e após um programa de exercício físico aeróbio, junto com familiar cuidador. Os resultados demonstraram que a prática do exercício aeróbio regular junto com a família diminuiu a pressão arterial das pessoas idosas hipertensas. A família se mostrou co-participante das atividades físicas, e não apenas “cobrou a participação” dos idosos, sendo esta uma estratégia cuidativa em nível primário para o siste...

Família em situação de vulnerabilidade social: uma questão de políticas públicas Socially vulnerable families: a public issue

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Mônica Araújo Gomes

2005-04-01

Full Text Available A gravidade do quadro de pobreza e miséria, no Brasil, constitui permanente preocupação e obriga a refletir sobre suas influências no social e, principalmente, na área de atuação junto da família, na qual as políticas públicas ainda se ressentem de uma ação mais expressiva. Para a família pobre, marcada pela fome e pela miséria, a casa representa um espaço de privação, de instabilidade e de esgarçamento dos laços afetivos e de solidariedade. Este estudo tem como objetivo apontar a vulnerabilidade da família pobre que, desassistida pelas políticas públicas, se vê impossibilitada de responder às necessidades básicas de seus membros, e de favorecer o aprofundamento do debate acerca da construção de alternativas para o fortalecimento da família. Trata-se de um estudo de campo, exploratório, fundamentado na Teoria das Representações Sociais. Os instrumentos utilizados na coleta de dados foram: teste de Associação Livre de Palavras, e entrevista semi-estruturada. Os resultados mostraram que "família" representa sentimentos ambivalentes, agregador/desagregador, associada à imagem de família real e sonhada construída a partir da interação dos sujeitos no seu cotidiano, influenciando e sendo influenciada por relações familiares conflituosas, geradas a partir da pobreza a que estão sujeitas as famílias.The gravity situation of poverty and misery in Brazil is part of the constant worry and make to think about its social influence and, specially, on the family area, where the public politics still resent a more expressive action. To the poor family, designated by hunger and misery, home represents a place of privation, instability and family's links break and solidarity. This study aims to point out the vulnerability of the poor family that is not assisted by public politics being impeached to attend the basic necessities of their members, and support the profundity of the discussing about the construction of

Plasma exchange to remove HIT antibodies: dissociation between enzyme-immunoassay and platelet activation test reactivities.

Science.gov (United States)

Warkentin, Theodore E; Sheppard, Jo-Ann I; Chu, F Victor; Kapoor, Anil; Crowther, Mark A; Gangji, Azim

2015-01-01

Repeated therapeutic plasma exchange (TPE) has been advocated to remove heparin-induced thrombocytopenia (HIT) IgG antibodies before cardiac/vascular surgery in patients who have serologically-confirmed acute or subacute HIT; for this situation, a negative platelet activation assay (eg, platelet serotonin-release assay [SRA]) has been recommended as the target serological end point to permit safe surgery. We compared reactivities in the SRA and an anti-PF4/heparin IgG-specific enzyme immunoassay (EIA), testing serial serum samples in a patient with recent (subacute) HIT who underwent serial TPE precardiac surgery, as well as for 15 other serially-diluted HIT sera. We observed that post-TPE/diluted HIT sera-when first testing SRA-negative-continue to test strongly positive by EIA-IgG. This dissociation between the platelet activation assay and a PF4-dependent immunoassay for HIT antibodies indicates that patients with subacute HIT undergoing repeated TPE before heparin reexposure should be tested by serial platelet activation assays even when their EIAs remain strongly positive. © 2015 by The American Society of Hematology.

Development of an Ultrasensitive Immunoassay for Detecting Tartrazine

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Chuanlai Xu

2013-06-01

Full Text Available We have developed an ultrasensitive indirect competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for the determination of tartrazine. Two carboxylated analogues of tartrazine with different spacer lengths, and one derivative from commercial tartrazine after a little chemical modification, were synthesized as haptens in order to produce antibodies specific to tartrazine. The effect of sulfonic acid groups on the hapten structure of tartrazine was also studied carefully for the first time. A most specific monoclonal antibody against tartrazine was created and exhibited an IC50 value of 0.105 ng/mL and a limit of detection of 0.014 ng/mL, with no cross-reactivity to other structurally-related pigments. The established immunoassay was applied to the determination of tartrazine in fortified samples of orange juice and in real positive samples of carbonated beverages.

New antibody and immunoassay pretreatment strategy to screen polychlorinated biphenyls in Korean transformer oil.

Science.gov (United States)

Terakado, Shingo; Ohmura, Naoya; Park, Seok-Un; Lee, Seung-Min; Glass, Thomas R

2013-01-01

Development and modifications are described that expand the application of an immunoassay from the detection of Kanechlors (Japanese technical PCBs mixtures) to the detection of Aroclors (U. S. technical PCB mixtures, used in Korea) in contaminated Korean transformer oil. The first necessary modification was the development of a new antibody with a reactivity profile favorable for Aroclors. The second modification was the addition of a second column to the solid-phase extraction method to reduce assay interference caused by the Korean oil matrix. The matrix interference is suspected to be caused by the presence of synthetic oils (or similar materials) present as contaminants. The modified assay was validated by comparison to high-resolution gas chromatography/high-resolution mass spectrometry analysis, and was shown to be tolerant of up to 10% of several common synthetic insulating oils. Finally the screening performance of the modified assay was evaluated using 500 used transformer oil samples of Korean origin, and was shown to have good performance in terms of false positive and false negative rates. This report provides evidence for the first establishment of immunoassay screening for Aroclor based PCB contamination in Korean transformer oil.

Cuidando de quem não tem família: percepção de mães acolhedoras sobre esta experiência

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Pâmela Patricia Mariano

2014-04-01

Full Text Available Objetivou-se apreender os sentimentos de mães em relação à experiência de acolher temporariamente uma criança no seio familiar e as mudanças ocorridas em decorrência desta experiência. Trata-se de estudo descritivo, de natureza qualitativa, realizado com sete mães acolhedoras. Os dados foram coletados em junho de 2012 por meio de entrevistas semi-estruturadas e submetidos à Análise de Conteúdo. Os resultados mostram que a experiência de acolher uma criança é decorrente da conscientização sobre a importância desta atividade, que o vínculo com a mesma surge naturalmente, toda a família é envolvida em seu cuidado e a rotina familiar é adaptada às suas necessidades. As famílias experimentam sentimentos de alegria e satisfação decorrente da convivência com a criança e preocupação e tristeza quando ela vai embora. Conclui-se que acolher traz benefícios para as crianças e também famílias, entretanto, estas necessitam de acompanhamento profissional para que esta atividade não prejudique a saúde da unidade familiar.

A redox-mediated chromogenic reaction and application in immunoassay.

Science.gov (United States)

Yu, Ru-Jia; Ma, Wei; Peng, Mao-Pan; Bai, Zhi-Shan; Long, Yi-Tao

2016-08-31

A novel redox-mediated chromogenic reaction was demonstrated based on the reaction between HAuCl4 and 2,2-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS), which generate various color responses from red to green in the resulting solutions. Various redox substance could be used to mediate the reaction and trigger a distinct color response. We established a sensitive hydrogen peroxide colorimetric sensor based on the redox-mediated chromogenic reaction and depicted the application both in detection of enzyme and in an immunoassay. Combining the traditional chromogenic reagent with gold nanoparticles, our assay has the advantage in short response time (within three minutes), high sensitivity (10(-12) g mL(-1) for HBsAg) and stability. Copyright © 2016. Published by Elsevier B.V.

Performance of immunoassay kits for site characterization and remediation

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Waters, L.C.; Palausky, A.; Counts, R.W.; Jenkins, R.A.

1995-01-01

The US Department of Energy (DOE) is supporting efforts to identify, validate and implement the use of effective, low-cost alternatives to currently used analytical methods for environmental management. As part of that program, we have evaluated the performances of a number of immunoassay (IA) kits with specificities for environmental contaminants of concern to the DOE. The studies were done in the laboratory using both spiked and field test samples. The analyte specificity and manufacturers of the kits evaluated were the following: mercury, BioNebraska; polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), EnSys and Millipore; petroleum fuel hydrocarbons, Millipore and Ohmicron; and polyaromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), Ohmicron and Millipore. The kits were used in either a semiquantitative or quantitative format according to the preference of the manufacturers

A novel fluorescence immunoassay for the sensitive detection of Escherichia coli O157:H7 in milk based on catalase-mediated fluorescence quenching of CdTe quantum dots.

Science.gov (United States)

Chen, Rui; Huang, Xiaolin; Li, Juan; Shan, Shan; Lai, Weihua; Xiong, Yonghua

2016-12-01

Immunoassay is a powerful tool for rapid detection of food borne pathogens in food safety monitoring. However, conventional immunoassay always suffers from low sensitivity when it employs enzyme-catalyzing chromogenic substrates to generate colored molecules as signal outputs. In the present study, we report a novel fluorescence immunoassay for the sensitive detection of E. coli O157:H7 through combination of the ultrahigh bioactivity of catalase to hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2 ) and H 2 O 2 -sensitive mercaptopropionic acid modified CdTe QDs (MPA-QDs) as a signal transduction. Various parameters, including the concentrations of anti-E. coli O157:H7 polyclonal antibody and biotinylated monoclonal antibody, the amounts of H 2 O 2 and streptavidin labeled catalase (CAT), the hydrolysis temperature and time of CAT to H 2 O 2 , as well as the incubation time between H 2 O 2 and MPA-QDs, were systematically investigated and optimized. With optimal conditions, the catalase-mediated fluorescence quenching immunoassay exhibits an excellent sensitivity for E. coli O157:H7 with a detection limit of 5 × 10 2  CFU/mL, which was approximately 140 times lower than that of horseradish peroxidase-based colorimetric immunoassay. The reliability of the proposed method was further evaluated using E. coli O157:H7 spiked milk samples. The average recoveries of E. coli O157:H7 concentrations from 1.18 × 10 3  CFU/mL to 1.18 × 10 6  CFU/mL were in the range of 65.88%-105.6%. In brief, the proposed immunoassay offers a great potential for rapid and sensitive detection of other pathogens in food quality control. Copyright © 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Seleção de famílias de feijoeiro resistente à antracnose e à mancha-angular Selection of common bean families resistant to anthracnose and angular leaf spot

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Marcelo Geraldo de Morais Silva

2006-10-01

Full Text Available O objetivo deste trabalho foi identificar famílias de feijoeiro com resistência a Colletotrichum lindemuthianum e Phaeoisariopsis griseola e com outros fenótipos agronômicos desejáveis. As famílias utilizadas foram obtidas do cruzamento entre a linhagem H91, portadora de três alelos de resistência à antracnose, com três famílias F2:5 resistentes à mancha-angular, derivadas da cultivar Jalo EEP 558. Foi utilizado o delineamento látice quadrado em todos os experimentos. Inicialmente, foram avaliadas 144 famílias F2:3, no inverno de 2004, em Lavras, MG, com base no tipo de grão. Foram selecionadas 80 famílias F2:4 e avaliadas com a testemunha BRSMG Talismã, no período das águas de 2004/2005, no mesmo local. Considerando-se o tipo de grão e a resistência à mancha-angular e antracnose, foram mantidas 48 famílias F2:5, que foram avaliadas na seca de 2005, em Lavras e Lambari, MG. Essas 48 famílias passaram por inoculação das raças 2047, 73 e 1545 de C. lindemuthianum, para verificação da presença dos alelos de resistência Co-4², Co-5 e Co-7, respectivamente. Foram identificados genótipos da maioria das 48 famílias, quanto à reação à antracnose, das quais se destacaram quatro, em relação ao tipo de grão semelhante ao 'Carioca', de porte ereto, produtividade elevada e resistência à mancha-angular.The objective of this work was to select common bean families resistant to Colletotrichum lindemuthianum and Phaeoisariopsis griseola and, also, with superior agronomical traits. Families used were obtained from crosses of H91 lineage, bearer of three alleles resistant to anthracnose, and F2;5 families derived from the cultivar Jalo EEP 558, which is resistant to angular leaf spot. Square lattice design was used in all experiments. Initially the F2:3 families (144 were evaluated in the winter of 2004, in Lavras county, MG, Brazil, based on grain type. Eighty families (F2:4 were selected and evaluated with the check

Reflexões sobre concepções de família e empresas familiares Considerations about family concept and family business

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Hilka Vier Machado

2005-08-01

Full Text Available O objetivo deste artigo é desenvolver uma reflexão sobre o conceito de empresa familiar, a partir da compreensão de transformações na estrutura da família contemporânea. A maioria dos estudos sobre empresas familiares foi desenvolvida considerando a família patriarcal como panorama de investigação. Sendo assim, a descrição sobre a atuação dessas empresas segue a mesma distribuição de poder e status da família patriarcal. Contudo, transformações culturais, econômicas e sociais têm conduzido a uma nova demografia, assim como a diferentes arranjos familiares, os quais provavelmente afetam as empresas familiares. Este ensaio teórico aborda algumas dessas transformações, apontando as relações entre elas e a concepção de empresas familiares. A análise foi estruturada a partir das seguintes categorias: o tamanho da família, a distância entre gerações e a composição e distribuição de poder. Por fim, enfatiza-se a necessidade de redimensionar a percepção de organizações familiares, abrangendo as possibilidades de diferentes arranjos familiares.The aim of this paper is to present considerations about the concept of family business, considering recent transformations in the structure of contemporary family. Most of the studies about family business were developed considering the patriarchal family as the panorama of investigation. Thus, the description on the performance of these enterprises follows the same distribution of power and status of the patriarchal family. However, cultural, economical and social transformations have led to a new demography, as well as to different family arrangements, which probably have affected the family enterprises. This theoretical essay approaches some of these transformations, pointing out the relationship between these transformations and the conception of family business. The analysis was structured based on the size of the family, the distance among generations and the power

Strip-based immunoassay for the simultaneous detection of the neonicotinoid insecticides imidacloprid and thiamethoxam in agricultural products

Science.gov (United States)

A semiquantitative strip immunoassay was developed for the rapid detection of imidacloprid and thiamethoxam in agricultural products using specific nanocolloidal gold-labeled monoclonal antibodies. The conjugates of imidacloprid-BSA and thiamethoxam-BSA and goat anti-mouse IgG were coated on the ni...

Quantification of patient specific assay interference in different formats of enzyme linked immunoassays for therapeutic monoclonal antibodies

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Grebenchtchikov, N.J.; Geurts-Moespot, A.; Heijmen, L.; Laarhoven, H.W.M. van; Herpen, C.M.L. van; Thijs, A.M.J.; Span, P.N.; Sweep, F.C.

2014-01-01

BackgroundThe use of therapeutic monoclonal antibodies for clinical purposes has significantly increased in recent years, and so has the need to monitor antibody concentrations. This may be achieved using the well-established enzyme linked immunoassay (ELISA) methods; however, these assays are

Feminismo e terapia: a terapia feminista da família - por uma psicologia comprometida

OpenAIRE

Narvaz,Martha Giudice; Koller,Sílvia Helena

2007-01-01

O objetivo deste trabalho é destacar a terapia feminista da família enquanto abordagem crítica no campo das psicoterapias e das terapias familiares. Inicialmente, descrevemos o feminismo enquanto campo político, teórico e epistemológico, bem como a incorporação do paradigma feminista ao campo das psicoterapias. Descrevemos também o surgimento da vertente feminista da terapia familiar e as principais críticas feministas às terapias familiares sistêmicas tradicionais. Ao final, destacamos a ter...

Conseqüências da falência de um Estado: pirataria nas águas da Somália

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EVANDRO FARID ZAGO

2008-11-01

Full Text Available

Anos de falência estatal culminam no

desenvolvimento, na costa da Somália, do maior pólo

de pirataria do mundo.

Volume de água armazenado no tanque de bromélias, em restingas da costa brasileira Water volume stored in bromeliad tanks in Brazilian restinga habitats

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Luciana Cogliatti-Carvalho

2010-03-01

Full Text Available Muitas espécies de bromélias armazenam água da chuva em seu interior, sendo esta característica resultado da distribuição espiralada de suas folhas, que formam pequenos tanques. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar e comparar o volume de água efetivamente armazenado e o volume máximo que pode ser armazenado no tanque de diferentes espécies de bromélias de 13 restingas brasileiras. Em cada restinga, em 100 plots de 100 m² cada, registramos as espécies de bromélias-tanque, os parâmetros morfométricos e o volume efetivo e máximo em 20 indivíduos de cada espécie. Encontramos 32 espécies de bromélias-tanque, para as quais medimos o volume máximo e o volume efetivo de água armazenado. Em 59.007 rosetas, estimamos o volume máximo em 44.388 litros e medimos 17.000 litros de água efetivamente armazenados. Encontramos diferenças interespecíficas nos volumes máximo e efetivamente reservado de água, na biomassa, no número de folhas e no volume do cone da planta. Aechmea aquilega, A. blanchetiana e Hohenbergia castelanosii tiveram os maiores volumes efetivos. Somente A. nudicaulis e Billbergia amoena diferiram entre suas populações em todos os parâmetros analisados. As restingas de Maricá, Prado, Trancoso e Jurubatiba tiveram os maiores volumes de água.ha-1 armazenada nas bromélias-tanque. O volume máximo de água estimado para as bromélias-tanque variou entre espécies devido a diferenças na forma e no tamanho das bromélias.Many bromeliad species store rain water in tanks, as a result of the spiraled distribution of their leaves. The aim of this study was to evaluate how much water is stored and what is the maximum volume of water possible to be stored in different tank-bromeliad species in 13 different Brazilian restingas. The species were recorded in 100 plots of 100 m2, in each restinga habitat. For each bromeliad species, the effective and the maximum water stored in the tanks were measured. We found 32 tank

Um estudo das edições de Ou isto ou aquilo, de Cecília Meireles A study of Cecília Meirelles' Ou isto ou aquilo editions

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Norma Sandra de Almeida Ferreira

2009-08-01

Full Text Available Localizar em sua materialidade a obra Ou isto ou aquilo, de Cecília Meireles, em suas edições - 1964; 1969; 1977; 1987; 1990; 2002 -; cotejá-las para compreender as formas pelas quais os textos são apresentados aos seus leitores, em diferentes tempos; e indagar como e por que essas formas são pensadas e concretizadas são desafios deste artigo. Esta pesquisa de cunho exploratório, à luz, principalmente, dos estudos da História Cultural, privilegia, no exame das diferentes edições, as partes externas que envolvem os poemas (o texto propriamente dito e suas ilustrações. Identifica e discute a produção de sentidos e valores ligados à educação do leitor, ao reconhecimento de uma escritora consagrada pela tradição literária, à singularidade da linguagem, à importância de uma prática prazerosa da leitura.This article brings the challenges of locating Cecília Meireles' book Ou isto ou aquilo (Either this or that in its materialness, with considerations on its 1964, 1969, 1977, 1987, 1990 and 2002 editions, as well as comparing these editions in order to understand the forms in which texts are presented to their readers at different times, and questioning how and why these forms are conceived and put into practice. In the light of studies on cultural history, in the analysis of the different editions, this exploratory research prioritizes the external parts that involve poems (the texts themselves and their illustrations. It provides identification and a discussion on the production of senses and values related to readers' education, the recognition of a writer who is consecrated by literary tradition, the uniqueness of the language used, and the importance of pleasant reading practice.

O baile do monstro: o mito da paz de vestfália na história das relações internacionais modernas

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Diego Santos Vieira de Jesus

2010-12-01

Full Text Available O objetivo deste artigo é problematizar o mito da Paz de Vestfália nas relações internacionais modernas, trazendo interpretações alternativas para tal evento e para seus impactos no estudo da história das relações internacionais e nas relações internacionais contemporâneas. Problematizando, primeiramente o marco histórico, o argumento central aponta que a Paz de Vestfália não promoveu profunda inovação nem ruptura em relação à perspectiva anterior à Guerra dos Trinta Anos no que diz respeito aos aspectos essenciais das unidades constitutivas do Sacro Império Romano e das prerrogativas do imperador, apenas confirmou uma ordem cooperativa legal de entidades autônomas não-soberanas. O questionamento da existência empírica de um sistema inviolável de Estados soberanos evidencia, a seguir, as brechas nos princípios de autonomia e de territorialidade do modelo vestfaliano de relações internacionais. Finalmente, as interpretações alternativas do impacto da Paz de Vestfália para as relações internacionais e para seu estudo indicam que a igualdade formal entre os Estados intensifica dificuldades na resposta às diferenças na cultura, na religião e no modo de vida.

Propagação vegetativa de camu-camu por meio de enxertia intergenérica na família Myrtaceae

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Suguino Eduardo

2003-01-01

Full Text Available O camu-camu [Myrciaria dubia (Humb., Bonpl. & Kunth McVaugh], da família Myrtaceae, é encontrado em áreas inundáveis da Região Amazônica e utilizado como conservante em antioxidantes por seu alto teor de ácido ascórbico. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar porta-enxertos desta família, adaptados a terra firme, visando à propagação vegetativa de camu-camu. Selecionaram-se duzentas e quarenta mudas de camu-camu, goiabeira (Psidium guajava L. e pitangueira (Eugenia uniflora L., que receberam quatro tipos de enxertia, originando doze tratamentos de sessenta plantas, com cinco repetições. Apenas o porta-enxerto de camu-camu se mostrou compatível. A incompatibilidade entre camu-camu e os porta-enxertos de goiabeira e pitangueira foi demonstrada por análises anatômicas.

Analytical validation of Gentian NGAL particle-enhanced enhanced turbidimetric immunoassay (PETIA

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Gian Luca Salvagno

2017-08-01

Full Text Available Objectives: This study was designed to validate the analytical performance of the new Gentian particle-enhanced enhanced turbidimetric immunoassay (PETIA for measuring neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL in serum samples. Design and methods: Analytical validation of the Gentian NGAL assay was carried out on a Roche Cobas c501 and was based on assessment of limit of blank (LOB, limit of detection (LOD, functional sensitivity, imprecision, linearity and concordance with the BioPorto NGAL test. Results: The LOB and LOD of Gentian NGAL were found to be 3.8 ng/mL and 6.3 ng/mL, respectively. An analytical coefficient of variation (CV of 20% corresponded to a NGAL value of 10 ng/mL. The intra-assay and inter-assay imprecision (CV was between 0.4 and 5.2% and 0.6 and 7.1% and the total imprecision (CV was 3.7%. The linearity was optimal at NGAL concentrations between 37 and 1420 ng/mL (r=1.00; p<0.001. An excellent correlation was observed between values measured with Gentian NGAL and BioPorto NGAL in 74 routine serum samples (r=0.993. The mean percentage bias of the Gentian assay versus the Bioporto assay was +3.1% (95% CI, +1.6% to +4.5%. Conclusions: These results show that Gentian NGAL may be a viable option to other commercial immunoassays for both routine and urgent assessment of serum NGAL. Keywords: Neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin, NGAL, Analytical validation, Acute kidney injury

A novel fluorescence immunoassay for the sensitive detection of Escherichia coli O157:H7 in milk based on catalase-mediated fluorescence quenching of CdTe quantum dots

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Chen, Rui; Huang, Xiaolin; Li, Juan; Shan, Shan; Lai, Weihua; Xiong, Yonghua

2016-01-01

Immunoassay is a powerful tool for rapid detection of food borne pathogens in food safety monitoring. However, conventional immunoassay always suffers from low sensitivity when it employs enzyme-catalyzing chromogenic substrates to generate colored molecules as signal outputs. In the present study, we report a novel fluorescence immunoassay for the sensitive detection of E. coli O157:H7 through combination of the ultrahigh bioactivity of catalase to hydrogen peroxide (H_2O_2) and H_2O_2-sensitive mercaptopropionic acid modified CdTe QDs (MPA-QDs) as a signal transduction. Various parameters, including the concentrations of anti-E. coli O157:H7 polyclonal antibody and biotinylated monoclonal antibody, the amounts of H_2O_2 and streptavidin labeled catalase (CAT), the hydrolysis temperature and time of CAT to H_2O_2, as well as the incubation time between H_2O_2 and MPA-QDs, were systematically investigated and optimized. With optimal conditions, the catalase-mediated fluorescence quenching immunoassay exhibits an excellent sensitivity for E. coli O157:H7 with a detection limit of 5 × 10"2 CFU/mL, which was approximately 140 times lower than that of horseradish peroxidase-based colorimetric immunoassay. The reliability of the proposed method was further evaluated using E. coli O157:H7 spiked milk samples. The average recoveries of E. coli O157:H7 concentrations from 1.18 × 10"3 CFU/mL to 1.18 × 10"6 CFU/mL were in the range of 65.88%–105.6%. In brief, the proposed immunoassay offers a great potential for rapid and sensitive detection of other pathogens in food quality control. - Highlights: • A novel fluorescence immunoassay was developed for the ultrasensitive detection of E. coli O157:H7. • This detection was achieved through the combination of the high bioactivity of CAT and H_2O_2-sensitive QDs. • The activity of CAT to H_2O_2 is 1000 folds higher than that of the HRP to tetramethylbenzidine. • The limit of detection of the proposed method could

Pediatric reference value distributions and covariate-stratified reference intervals for 29 endocrine and special chemistry biomarkers on the Beckman Coulter Immunoassay Systems: a CALIPER study of healthy community children.

Science.gov (United States)

Karbasy, Kimiya; Lin, Danny C C; Stoianov, Alexandra; Chan, Man Khun; Bevilacqua, Victoria; Chen, Yunqi; Adeli, Khosrow

2016-04-01

The CALIPER program is a national research initiative aimed at closing the gaps in pediatric reference intervals. CALIPER previously reported reference intervals for endocrine and special chemistry markers on Abbott immunoassays. We now report new pediatric reference intervals for immunoassays on the Beckman Coulter Immunoassay Systems and assess platform-specific differences in reference values. A total of 711 healthy children and adolescents from birth to reference intervals calculated in accordance with Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) EP28-A3c guidelines. Complex profiles were observed for all 29 analytes, necessitating unique age and/or sex-specific partitions. Overall, changes in analyte concentrations observed over the course of development were similar to trends previously reported, and are consistent with biochemical and physiological changes that occur during childhood. Marked differences were observed for some assays including progesterone, luteinizing hormone and follicle-stimulating hormone where reference intervals were higher than those reported on Abbott immunoassays and parathyroid hormone where intervals were lower. This study highlights the importance of determining reference intervals specific for each analytical platform. The CALIPER Pediatric Reference Interval database will enable accurate diagnosis and laboratory assessment of children monitored by Beckman Coulter Immunoassay Systems in health care institutions worldwide. These reference intervals must however be validated by individual labs for the local pediatric population as recommended by CLSI.

DIVERSIDADE DE FUNGOS LIQUENIZADOS DA FAMÍLIA PARMELIACEAE COLETADOS EM UM LEVANTAMENTO “RELÂMPAGO” EM LORENA, SP

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Brendon Maximiliano Oliveira da Silva

2017-01-01

Full Text Available Os liquens, associações entre fungos e algas unicelulares ou cianobactérias, são encontrados em muitos ambientes sobre vários substratos inclusive sobre troncos de árvores. Os liquens foliosos da família Parmeliaceae são bastante comuns nos ambientes brasileiros. Mesmo sendo comuns há ainda poucos levantamentos da diversidade de liquens em ambientes urbanos. Este estudo realizou um levantamento de espécies de fungos liquenizados por meio de uma coleta relâmpago em 17 forófitos de uma avenida no município de Lorena. Foram coletados 43 talos de liquens dos quais 70% são da família Parmeliaceae e estão distribuídos em seis gêneros e 21 espécies, sendo Parmotrema e Canomaculina os gêneros mais frequentes e Parmotrema tinctorum a espécie mais coletada. Pode se concluir que mesmo em ambientes não ideais, como os urbanos, há diversidade de espécies de fungos liquenizados.

Médico de família: ser ou não ser? Dilemas envolvidos na escolha desta carreira

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Guilherme Arantes Mello

Full Text Available A Estratégia Saúde da Família é responsável por reorganizar o Sistema Único de Saúde brasileiro por meio da Atenção Primária. O aumento substancial de programas e vagas para residência em Medicina de Família e Comunidade, ocorrido desde 2002, é uma das estratégias para suprir o crescente mercado de trabalho correspondente. Entretanto, menos da metade dessas vagas são ocupadas. A literatura brasileira apresenta poucas evidências sobre o motivo desta baixa procura. Alguns países que optaram pelo fortalecimento da Atenção Primária em seu sistema de saúde também experimentam uma crise aparente na escolha desta carreira pelos egressos médicos. Neste ensaio, revisamos algumas questões envolvidas nesta escolha, apontando sua complexidade e a necessidade de investigações sistematizadas sobre as motivações dos alunos de graduação em optarem ou não por esta especialidade médica, particularmente no Brasil.

RESTABELECIMENTO DO PODER FAMILIAR: reintegração à família natural

OpenAIRE

Trentin, Fernanda; Unoesc - São Miguel do Oeste; Lamberti Pasini, Vivian Carla; Unoesc - Campus São Miguel do Oeste

2015-01-01

Ante a possibilidade dos pais perderem a o poder familiar de seus filhos, necessária se faz a análise acerca de restabelecimento de tal vínculo. Assim, o presente artigo tem por objetivo analisar a possibilidade do restabelecimento do poder familiar nos casos cujos pais consigam comprovar a superação da situação que ensejou o processo judicial de destituição. A ação de destituição do poder familiar somente é aplicada em situações excepcionais, contudo, em alguns casos, a família consegue adqu...

A experiência em família de uma pessoa com diabetes mellitus e em tratamento por hemodiálise

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Magda de Mattos

2009-12-01

Full Text Available A experiência de adoecimento incorpora processos biológicos, mas também processos subjetivos, que devem serabordados nas práticas de atenção em saúde. No entanto, revelar os processos subjetivos da experiência tem sido umdesafio aos profissionais de saúde. A antropologia interpretativa tem subsídiado a compreensão deste processo namedida que integra aspectos socioculturais ao adoecimento. Estudo de natureza qualitativa, tipo Estudo de Caso tevepor objetivo compreender a experiência em família de uma pessoa com diabetes mellitus, insuficiência renal crônicaem tratamento por hemodiálise. O estudo foi realizado com um usuário em hemodiálise, em uma clínica no Estado deMato Grosso e com sua esposa, no período de fevereiro a julho de 2008, por meio da entrevista. A análise dos dadosnos permitiu apreender que vivenciar o adoecimento é uma experiência no qual os significados são reconstruídos evividos com base nas experiências anteriores e nas perspectivas de vida, tendo a família como referência. Aspectosimportantes do adoecimento marcaram a experiência de Moisés e sua esposa como o significado atribuído a famílianuclear, a fragmentação da estrutura social, as limitações e restrições, o reflexo da doença na vida em família, oscomportamentos, a construção da subjetividade masculina e o transplante renal.

A direct radio-immunoassay for plasma aldosterone: significance of endogenous cortisol

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Man, A.J.M. de; Hofman, J.A.; Hendriks, Th.; Rosmalen, F.M.A.; Ross, H.A.; Benraad, Th.J.

1980-01-01

A direct radio-immunoassay for plasma aldosterone was developed, using a highly specific antiserum raised in sheep. An excellent correlation was observed between its results and the levels measured after extraction and chromatography. The necessity of including a blocking agent to inhibit the binding of aldosterone to plasma proteins was investigated. It was found that in low-cortisol ( 10 μg/100 ml) the final assay result was independent of the presence of ANS. The effect of cortisol was interpreted in terms of its influence on aldosterone binding to plasma proteins in the absence of a blocking agent. (Auth.)

Quantification of patient-specific assay interference in different formats of enzyme-linked immunoassays for therapeutic monoclonal antibodies

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Grebenchtchikov, Nicolai; Geurts-Moespot, Anneke J.; Heijmen, Linda; van Laarhoven, Hanneke W. M.; van Herpen, Carla M. L.; Thijs, Annemarie M. J.; Span, Paul N.; Sweep, Fred C. G. J.

2014-01-01

The use of therapeutic monoclonal antibodies for clinical purposes has significantly increased in recent years, and so has the need to monitor antibody concentrations. This may be achieved using the well-established enzyme linked immunoassay (ELISA) methods; however, these assays are subject to a

A relação creche-família na visão de professora e mães usuárias de creche

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Celi da Costa Silva Bahia

2012-03-01

Full Text Available Como a família vem compartilhando a educação e a socialização da criança com creches e pré-escolas, estas instituições afetam-se mutuamente. E a relação entre elas delineia oportunidades desenvolvimentais para todos os envolvidos. Este estudo teve por objetivo conhecer as idéias de mães e professoras acerca da relação crechefamília. A pesquisa foi realizada com 16 mães e 10 professoras usuárias de uma creche pertencente à rede municipal da cidade de Belém. Para coleta de dados utilizou-se a técnica do grupo focal. Os dados foram organizados em eixos e os principais resultados apontam que as professoras têm uma visão negativa dos familiares, enquanto as mães têm uma visão positivas das professoras. Quanto à forma e conteúdo da relação, há uma relação bidirecional, pois tanto as professoras quanto os familiares buscam a relação. O conteúdo da relação ultrapassa a solução de problemas imediatos. O tempo destinado para a relação é limitado. Este é apontado como o principal elemento que vem dificultando a promoção da relação da instituição com a família. Desse modo, a relação nesta instituição é limitada e dificulta a ação educativa da creche que necessariamente deve acontecer em parceria com a família.

O apoio matricial em saúde mental na Estratégia da Saúde da Família : concepção da equipe de apoiadores

OpenAIRE

Beatriz Antunes

2015-01-01

A Reforma Psiquiátrica apontou novos instrumentos de atenção à saúde mental; dentre eles, o apoio matricial, o qual oferece retaguarda especializada à Estratégia da Saúde da Família, consolidando o cuidado em saúde mental no território. A pesquisa tem como objetivo conhecer a concepção dos apoiadores de matriciamento quanto ao apoio matricial oferecido às equipes de Estratégia da Saúde da Família. Estudo qualitativo descritivo, exploratório, tipo estudo de caso. Foram informantes seis profiss...

Think Aloud in Groups: Mediating Poetry for Children with Cecília Meireles, Paulo Freire, and John Dewey

Science.gov (United States)

Diniz, Telma Franco

2018-01-01

As suggested by its title, this article reports on a Think Aloud in Group (TAG) practice in which a group of Y5 children thought aloud the poem "The Blue Boy", written in Portuguese by Cecília Meireles and translated into English by Sarah Rebecca Kersley. As a dialogical and collaborative literacy practice, TAG aims to transform the…

77 FR 9692 - Keālia Pond National Wildlife Refuge and Kakahai`a National Wildlife Refuge, Maui County, HI...

Science.gov (United States)

2012-02-17

... DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR Fish and Wildlife Service [FWS-R1-R-2011-N228;1265-0000-10137-S3] Ke[amacr]lia Pond National Wildlife Refuge and Kakahai`a National Wildlife Refuge, Maui County, HI; Final Comprehensive Conservation Plans and Findings of No Significant Impact for the Environmental Assessments AGENCY...

DEMONSTRATION BULLETIN: PCP IMMUNOASSAY TECHNOLOGIES - PENTA RISC BY ENSYS INC., PENTA RAPID BY OHMICRON CORP., ENVIROGARD BY MILLIPORE

Science.gov (United States)

The objectives of this demonstration were to test these field screening technologies for accuracy and precision in detecting Pentachlorophenol (PCP) levels in soil and water by comparing their results with those of a confirmatory laboratory. The three immunoassay technologies ...