Calidad visual en pacientes con lente intraocular multifocal modelo OcuFlex operados de catarata The quality of vision in patients operated on from cataract and implanted with OcuFlex multifocal intraocular lenses

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Eneida Pérez Candelaria

2010-01-01

Full Text Available OBJETIVO: Describir la calidad visual en 8 pacientes operados de catarata bilateral con la técnica de Faco-chop e implante de lente intraocular multifocal modelo OcuFlex, en el ICO "Ramón Pando Ferrer", desde septiembre 2007 a febrero 2008. MÉTODOS: Se realizó un estudio observacional, descriptivo, longitudinal y prospectivo para lo cual se analizaron variables como equivalente esférico, sensibilidad al contraste en el preoperatorio y posoperatorio; fenómenos visuales, centrado y localización del lente intraocular, así como el estado de satisfacción subjetiva de los pacientes. Se utilizó la estadística descriptiva con ayuda del sistema Microsoft Excel y Word 2003, para Windows XP. RESULTADOS: El equivalente esférico medio posoperatorio fue -0,59 tanto para frecuencias bajas como medias, en visión binocular la sensibilidad al contraste media fue de 1,12 unid.log en el preoperatorio y de 1,74 unid.log. en el posoperatorio. Por biomicroscopia con lámpara de hendidura en el 100 % de los casos el lente intraocular estaba centrado y por biomicroscopia ultrasónica el 93,75 % se encontraba en el saco capsular. Ningún paciente refirió la presencia de glare y solamente uno (12,5 % reportó visión de halos nocturnos. La totalidad de los pacientes se manifestaron satisfechos. CONCLUSIONES: Los lentes multifocales disminuyen la dependencia de las gafas después de la cirugía de catarata, razón por la que constituye una buena opción en la recuperación de la función visual óptima.OBJECTIVE: To describe the quality of vision in 8 patients, who were operated on from bilateral cataract using Phaco-chop technique and implanted with Ocuflex multifocal intraocular lens in "Ramón Pando Ferrer" Cuban Institute of Ophthalmology from September 2007 to February 2008. METHODS: A prospective, longitudinal, observational and descriptive study was made in which the variables spheral equivalent, contrast sensitivity in the pre- and post

Efeito do uso de lente escleral cosmética na sensibilidade tátil corneal em phthisis bulbi Effect of ocular prosthesis on cornea sensitivity in phthisis bulbi

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Lucia Miriam Dumont Lucci

2004-10-01

Full Text Available OBJETIVOS: Comparar a sensibilidade tátil corneal entre olhos normais e aqueles com phthisis bulbi e avaliar as alterações provocadas na sensibilidade tátil corneal pelo uso de lente escleral cosmética em phthisis bulbi. MÉTODOS: Estudo prospectivo de 23 pacientes com phthisis bulbi unilateral. Foram realizadas medidas da sensibilidade tátil corneal em ambos os olhos utilizando-se o estesiômetro de Cochet-Bonnet antes e após 3 meses do uso da lente escleral cosmética. RESULTADOS: Em todos os pacientes, a medida da sensibilidade tátil corneal no olho com phthisis bulbi foi menor do que no contralateral (controle. Em 96% houve diminuição da sensibilidade tátil corneal após a adaptação da lente escleral cosmética. CONCLUSÃO: Após a adaptação da lente escleral cosmética, ocorre diminuição da sensibilidade tátil corneal nos olhos. A fisiopatologia é semelhante à encontrada nos usuários de lentes de contato.PURPOSE: To compare corneal sensitivity between normal eyes and those whith phthisis bulbi and also to analyze the alterations of corneal sensitivity in phthisis bulbi induced by wearing ocular prosthesis. METHODS: Prospective study of 23 patients with unilateral phthisis bulbi. Bilateral cornea sensitivity was evaluated using the Cochet-Bonnet esthesiometer before and after 3 months of wearing ocular prosthesis. RESULTS: In all patients, corneal sensitivity of the eye with phthisis bulbi was lower than that of the normal eye (control. In 96% there was decrease of corneal sensitivity after adaptation of ocular prosthesis. CONCLUSION: After wearing ocular prosthesis, there is a reduction in corneal sensitivity in phthisis bulbi. The pathophysiology seems to be the same as that found in contact lens wearers.

Estudo prospectivo comparativo de duas técnicas cirúrgicas de extração extra-capsular planejada de catarata com implante de lente intra-ocular: incisão limbar e incisão escleral tunelizada Prospective comparative study of two techniques of planned extracapsular cataract extraction: limbal incision and scleral tunnel incision

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Lincoln Lemes Freitas

2001-06-01

Full Text Available Introdução: A catarata é responsável por 50% da cegueira no mundo, com um número estimado de 15 milhões de casos que necessitariam cirurgia. Diferentes técnicas para a extração extra-capsular da catarata com implante de lente intra-ocular foram propostas. Objetivo: Comparar as técnicas para extração extra-capsular de catarata com implante de lente intra-ocular utilizando incisão limbar e incisão escleral tunelizada. Métodos: Foram avaliados, prospectivamente, 59 olhos de 54 pacientes com acompanhamento pós-operatório de 6 meses. Aleatoriamente, os pacientes foram divididos em dois grupos. No Grupo I (n=30, a técnica realizada foi a de extração extra-capsular com implante de lente intra-ocular com incisão limbar e no Grupo II (n=29, com incisão tunelizada. Foram avaliadas as medidas da acuidade visual corrigida, inflamação intra-ocular (células e "flare", tempo de cirurgia, microscopia especular, astigmatismo ceratométrico induzido e paquimetria. Resultados: O tempo de cirurgia, a perda de células endoteliais e o astigmatismo ceratométrico induzido foram estatisticamente maiores no Grupo I que no Grupo II. Não houve diferença estatisticamente significante entre os grupos I e II quanto à acuidade visual, a quantidade de células na câmara anterior, a quantidade de "flare" na câmara anterior e paquimetria. Conclusão: A técnica para extração extra-capsular de catarata com incisão tunelizada apresentou vantagens quanto ao tempo de cirurgia, perda de células endoteliais e astigmatismo induzido em relação à técnica com incisão limbar. Os passos utilizados nessa técnica visam facilitar a extração da catarata, além de treinar o cirurgião para uma transição mais segura para facoemulsificação, sem aumentar o custo da cirurgia.Purpose: Cataract is the main cause of blindness throughout the world, affecting more than 15 million people worldwide. There are different techniques for extracapsular cataract

Comparison of PMMA, foldable silicone and foldable acrylic hydrophobic intraocular lenses in combined phacoemulsification and trabeculectomy Comparação entre lentes intra-oculares de PMMA, lentes dobráveis de silicone e lentes acrílicas hidrofóbicas dobráveis em cirurgias combinadas de facoemulsificação e trabeculectomia

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Ernani Serpa Junior

2005-02-01

Full Text Available PURPOSE: To compare the postoperative results of phacotrabeculectomy with implantation of PMMA, foldable silicone or foldable hydrofobic acrylic intraocular lens (IOL. SETTING: Glaucoma unit, The Royal Liverpool University Hospital, Liverpool, United Kingdom. METHODS: We studied a total of 124 eyes of three consecutive groups of patients with glaucoma and cataract that underwent phacotrabeculectomy with implantation of a PMMA (30 eyes, a foldable silicone (57 eyes or a foldable acrylic (37 eyes IOL. Postoperative Snellen visual acuity and intraocular pressure (IOP, and early and late complications were assessed. All data were analyzed by means of c² test, Fisher's exact test, ANOVA/MANOVA tests or a combination whenever appropriate. RESULTS: In all three groups the early and late mean postoperative IOPs were significantly lower than the preoperative ones (p25 mmHg and hypotony (IOPOBJETIVO: Comparar os resultados pós-operatórios de facotrabeculectomias com implante de lentes intra-oculares de PMMA, dobráveis de silicone e acrílicas hidrofóbicas dobráveis. MÉTODOS: Estudo comparativo retrospectivo, realizado no Departamento de Glaucoma da "St. Paul's Eye Unit - The Royal Liverpool University Hospital", em Liverpool, Inglaterra, onde foram estudados um total de 124 olhos de três grupos consecutivos de pacientes com glaucoma e catarata que foram submetidos à cirurgia de facotrabeculectomia com implante de lentes intra-oculares (LIO de PMMA (30 olhos, dobráveis de silicone (57 olhos e acrílicas hidrofóbicas dobráveis (37 olhos. Foram registradas a visão e pressão intra-ocular (PIO pré e pós-operatória, assim como as complicações pós-operatórias precoces e tardias. Todos os dados foram analisados utilizando-se o teste c², teste exato de Fisher, teste de ANOVA/MANOVA ou uma combinação deles quando necessário. RESULTADOS: Nos três grupos as PIOs pós-operatórias precoces e tardias foram significativamente inferiores �

Bloqueio extraconal para facectomia com implante de lente intra-ocular: influência do fentanil associado ao anestésico local na qualidade do bloqueio e na analgesia pós-operatória Bloqueo extraconal para facectomia con implantación de lente intra-ocular: influencia del fentanil asociado al anestésico local en la calidad del bloqueo y en la analgesia pos-operatoria Extraconal block for cataract extraction surgery with implantation of intraocular lens: contribution of fentanyl associated to local anesthetics for quality of block and postoperative analgesia

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Daniel Espada Lahoz

2003-09-01

Full Text Available JUSTIFICATIVA E OBJETIVOS: A anestesia locorregional para cirurgias oftalmológicas oferece vantagens, como: mínimas alterações fisiológicas, anestesia completa, bloqueio dos reflexos oculares, pequena incidência de náuseas e vômitos, menor tempo de recuperação e analgesia pós-operatória. A preocupação constante com a qualidade do bloqueio, assim como da abordagem da analgesia pós-operatória deve ficar sob a responsabilidade do anestesiologista. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar se o fentanil contribui na qualidade do bloqueio extraconal e na analgesia pós-operatória de facectomias com implante de lente intra-ocular. MÉTODO: Estudou-se a associação do fentanil e bupivacaína a 0,75% na qualidade do bloqueio ocular e na analgesia pós-operatória em 164 pacientes submetidos a facectomia com implante de lente intra-ocular (técnica extracapsular, de ambos os sexos com homogeneidade de parâmetros antropométricos, olho operado, classificação do estado físico (ASA e índice de risco cardíaco de Goldman. Os pacientes foram distribuídos em dois grupos (82 pacientes em cada grupo por sorteio de forma aleatória, com e sem fentanil. Avaliou-se a qualidade do bloqueio por: aparecimento da dor no per-operatório, manutenção de movimentação das pálpebras ou do globo ocular, persistência do reflexo de Bell, número de bloqueios realizados para a obtenção de condições cirúrgicas e avaliação do bloqueio pelo cirurgião. A analgesia pós-operatória foi avaliada pela necessidade de complementação analgésica pelo paciente. RESULTADOS: Fentanil associado à solução anestésica no bloqueio extraconal aumentou significativamente o bloqueio do músculo reto medial (com fentanil - 17,1%, sem fentanil - 32,9% e diminuiu o consumo de analgésicos no período pós-operatório (uso de analgésicos com fentanil - 20,7%, não uso de analgésicos com fentanil - 41,5%. CONCLUSÕES: Nas condições deste estudo o fentanil

Central Corneal Thickness And Its Relationship To Intra-ocular And Epidemiological Determinants

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Tayyab, A.; Masrur, A.

2016-01-01

Objective: To measure central corneal thickness in Pakistani population and determine its relationship to intra-ocular pressure, age, gender and ethnicity. Study Design: Cross-sectional observation study. Place and Duration of Study: Pakistan Institute of Medical Sciences, Islamabad, Pakistan, between December 2013 and February 2015. Methodology: The right eyes of 1000 cases (496 males and 504 females) were recruited for this study. Inclusion criteria were Pashtun or Punjabi ethnicity, intra-ocular pressure < 22 mmHg, gonioscopically open angles, cup-disk-ratio < 0.5, and age matched normal visual fields. Cases with prior ocular surgery, contact lens use, corneal pathologies, myopia or hypermetropia > ±3.0 diopters, astigmatism of > ±1.0 diopters were excluded. Central corneal thickness was measured using a TopCon non-contact specular microscope. Intra-ocular pressure was measured using Goldmann applanation tonometer. Frequency distribution, test of significance, and regression analysis was carried out using Statistical Package for Social Sciences version 20.0. Result: Mean age was 47.31 ±11.78 years. Ethnic composition was 51.6 percentage (n=516) Pashtun and 48.4 percentage (n=484) Punjabi. The mean central corneal thickness was 503.96 (±12.47) meu m, while the mean intra-ocular pressure was 15.61 (±2.68) mmHg. Regression analysis showed a significant association between central corneal thickness and intra-ocular pressure (p=0.00) and age (p=0.00). A ±100 μ change in central corneal thickness was associated with change in IOP of ±3.30 mmHg, whereas central corneal thickness decreased by 0.12 meu m per year. No significant association could be established between central corneal thickness and ethnicity (p=0.19). Conclusion: Central corneal thickness of the studied races was comparable to non-Caucasians which affects intra-ocular pressure measurements, and decreases with increasing age. No relationship was observed between central corneal thickness and

Úlceras corneales en usuarios de lentes de contacto

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Darlen Rodríguez Rivero

Full Text Available El empleo de lentes de contacto se ha incrementado a nivel mundial. En la actualidad su uso no se restringe solamente a la corrección óptica, sino que se utilizan con fines terapéuticos, ya que generan comodidad y estética en múltiples afecciones oculares. Es de esperar el creciente aumento de las complicaciones relacionadas con el uso de estos, por ser la queratitis bacteriana potencialmente grave y devastadora para el globo ocular. Se realizó una revisión bibliográfica acerca de las úlceras corneales en portadores de lentes de contacto con el objetivo de describir su epidemiología y las formas de prevenir esta complicación.

Lentes plegables suturadas a iris

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Dunia Cruz Izquierdo

Full Text Available Para la corrección quirúrgica de la afaquia existen en la actualidad varias técnicas quirúrgicas que permiten fijar los lentes intraoculares plegables o rígidos en cámara posterior suturados al iris o al sulcus ciliar. En estas circunstancias el cirujano determinará cuándo, dónde y el tipo de lente mejor a implantar. Se presenta un paciente con una afaquia traumática del ojo izquierdo, con agudeza visual sin corrección de movimiento de mano a 1 m. Se le realizó implante secundario de lente intraocular plegable de cámara posterior suturada al iris. En el examen biomicroscópico en lámpara de hendidura del ojo izquierdo se observó midriasis media paralítica, refracción dinámica de +11,00 (0,6 y tensión ocular normal. Se le realizó examen por bimicroscopía indirecta sin alteración. Al mes de operado la agudeza visual mejor corregida alcanzó la unidad de visión. Las complicaciones presentadas fueron ovalización de la pupila y depósitos de pigmentos de iris en el lente intraocular.

Intra-Ocular Pressure Measurement in a Patient with a Thin, Thick or Abnormal Cornea.

Science.gov (United States)

Clement, Colin I; Parker, Douglas G A; Goldberg, Ivan

2016-01-01

Accurate measurement of intra-ocular pressure is a fundamental component of the ocular examination. The most common method of measuring IOP is by Goldmann applanation tonometry, the accuracy of which is influenced by the thickness and biomechanical properties of the cornea. Algorithms devised to correct for corneal thickness to estimate IOP oversimplify the effects of corneal biomechanics. The viscous and elastic properties of the cornea influence IOP measurements in unpredictable ways, a finding borne out in studies of patients with inherently abnormal and surgically altered corneal biomechanics. Dynamic contour tonometry, rebound tonometry and the ocular response analyzer provide useful alternatives to GAT in patients with abnormal corneas, such as those who have undergone laser vision correction or keratoplasty. This article reviews the various methods of intra-ocular pressure measurement available to the clinician and the ways in which their utility is influenced by variations in corneal thickness and biomechanics.

Correlation between Helicobacter Pylori Infection and Intra Ocular Pressure

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Hatamizadeh

2012-02-01

Full Text Available Introduction: Glaucoma is one of the most common causes of blindness. It is estimated that more than 60 million people suffer from this disease of all over the world. In other hand helicobacter pylori is a gram negative bacillus that is reported in some extra-gastrointestinal system diseases recently. This study is designed to determine the association between helicobacter pylori infection and intra-ocular pressure. Methods: This was an analytical cross-sectional study that was conducted on 74 persons who were randomly selected after referring to endoscopy ward of Shohadaye Kargar hospital of Yazd in 2009. Data was analyzed by Mann-Whitney U and fisher exact tests using SPSS software (ver16. Results: Mean of intra-ocular pressure in positive helicobacter pylori group was more than negative helicobacter pylori group but there was no significant relationship (P value > 0.05, also there was no significant relationship between helicobacter pylori infection and diabetes, hypertension, hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism (P value > 0.05. Conclusion: According to the results, more detailed studies with larger sample size are required for more reliable decisions also considering the confounder variables can help us to determine the common risk factors of these two outcomes.

Qualidade de vida de pacientes pseudofácicos submetidos à cirurgia de catarata com implante de lente intra-ocular acomodativa Quality of life of pseudophakic patients with accommodative intraocular lens implant

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Filipe de Oliveira

2004-06-01

Full Text Available OBJETIVO: Avaliar a função visual e satisfação dos pacientes submetidos à cirurgia de catarata com implante de lente intra-ocular acomodativa e o impacto na sua qualidade de vida. MÉTODOS: Retrospectivamente, foram avaliados questionários aplicados após um ano da cirurgia de 22 pacientes que foram incluídos num estudo clínico para avaliar segurança e eficácia de uma lente intra-ocular de silicone de câmara posterior designada para corrigir visão para longe e perto. RESULTADOS: Do total dos pacientes operados, 16 (73% eram bilaterais e 6 (27% unilaterais, com idade média de 70,2 anos. Dos pacientes com implante unilateral, 5 (83,3% declararam melhora acentuada da visão e 1 (16,7% referiu máxima melhora. Quanto ao nível de satisfação, 5 (83,3% ficaram satisfeitos e 1 (16,7% muito satisfeito com o resultado cirúrgico. A visão noturna foi declarada como sem dificuldade por 3 (50,0%, pouca dificuldade por 2 (33,3% e dificuldade moderada por 1 (16,7%. No grupo bilateral, 7 (43,8% consideraram excelente a qualidade da visão para perto, 7 (43,8% muito boa, 1 (6,2% adequada e 1 (6,2% ruim. A visão intermediária foi classificada como excelente por 6 (37,5%, muito boa por 9 (56,3% e adequada por 1 (6,2%. A qualidade da visão para longe foi considerada excelente por 9 (56,3%, muito boa por 3 (43,8%, adequada por 2 (12,5% e não muito boa por 2 (12,5%. Em relação à visão noturna 9 (56,3% declararam não ter dificuldade alguma, 5 (31,2% pouca dificuldade e 2 (12,5% dificuldade moderada. CONCLUSÕES: Considerando a propriedade óptica da LIO, a maioria dos pacientes apresentou uma melhora considerável da função visual, sem a necessidade de correção óptica, e, portanto, com impacto positivo na qualidade de vida.PURPOSE: To evaluate the visual function and satisfaction of patients who underwent cataract surgery and were implanted with an accommodative intraocular lens and the impact in their quality of life. METHODS

Effect of Intra Vitreal Injection of Bevacizumab on Intra-Occular Pressure

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Jaffar, S.; Tayyab, A.; Matin, Z. I.; Masrur, A.; Naqaish, R.

2016-01-01

Background: Bevacizumab has been in use as a therapeutic agent for macular oedema for several years. While its efficacy has been well documented, its use has been shown to cause a transient rise in the intra-ocular pressure. The aim of this study was to evaluate the long term effect of intra-vitreal injection of Bevacizumab on Intra-ocular pressure. Methods: One hundred eyes (n=100) of one hundred patients, requiring intra-vitreal injection of Bevacizumab for diabetic macular oedema were recruited from Shifa Foundation Community Health Centre (SFCHC) between January and December 2014. Patients of glaucoma, ocular hyper-tension, known allergy to Bevacizumab or had injections of Bevacizumab prior to the study were excluded. Intra-ocular pressure was measured using a Goldmann applanation tonometer, prior to, and at six and twelve months after the injection. The pre- and post- injection Intra-ocular pressure was entered into the database. Test of significance was applied to investigate whether there was a significant change in intra-ocular pressure after the injection. Results: The mean age of the patient was 56.97 years (±14.97). The mean intra-ocular pressure was 13.86 (±3.16) mmHg before injection, while post-injection mean Intra-Ocular pressure was 14.21 (±3.12) mmHg and 13.79 (±3.07) at six and twelve months respectively. Between baseline and six months there was a statistically significant difference in intra-ocular pressure (p=0.03), while no significant difference existed in the intra-ocular pressure between baseline and twelve months (p=0.92). Conclusion: Intra-vitreal injection of Bevacizumab is associated with a statically significant rise in intra-ocular pressure at six months, while no significant difference was seen at twelve months compared to baseline. (author)

Compression medullaire lente secondaire a un lymphome de Burkitt ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

faciale à la fin du 1er mois et une récupération neurologique au bout d'un an. La localisation secondaire intra rachidienne d'un LB bien que rare doit être présente à l'esprit surtout en face d'une compression médullaire lente survenue dans un ...

Pesquisa de anticorpos anti Toxoplasma gondii em fluidos intra-oculares (humor vítreo e humor aquoso) de pacientes com toxoplasmose ocular, na cidade de Belém, PA

OpenAIRE

Carmo,Ediclei Lima do; Almeida,Edmundo Frota; Bichara,Cléa Nazaré; Póvoa,Marinete Marins

2005-01-01

Foi realizada pesquisa de anticorpos IgG, IgM e IgA anti-Toxoplasma gondii no soro e fluidos intra-oculares (humor aquoso e vítreo) de pacientes com toxoplasmose ocular. A partir dos resultados obtidos verificou-se que anticorpos IgG e IgA intraocular anti-Toxoplasma gondii podem vir a ser importantes marcadores no diagnóstico de toxoplasmose ocular.

Avaliação do nível de conhecimento quanto ao uso de lentes de contato entre os estudantes de medicina da Faculdade de Medicina do ABC

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Giovana Arlene Fioravanti Lui

2010-12-01

Full Text Available OBJETIVO: Analisar o nível de conhecimento dos usuários de lentes de contato entre os estudantes de medicina da Faculdade de Medicina do ABC (SP quanto aos cuidados, formas de uso, às complicações e à aquisição das lentes. MÉTODOS: Foi aplicado um questionário a todos os alunos usuários de lentes de contato do 1º ao 6º ano de medicina da Faculdade de Medicina do ABC (SP, analisando-se por fim os resultados encontrados. Todos os questionários aplicados foram respondidos. RESULTADOS: 61 estudantes responderam ao questionário. 52,5% afirmaram já terem tido algum tipo de complicação ocular decorrente do uso de lentes de contato. Apesar de a maioria (70,5% estar satisfeito com o uso das lentes de contato, 67% dos que responderam ao questionário estão esperando o grau estabilizar para realizar cirurgia para correção de grau. CONCLUSÃO: Observou-se uma adaptação inadequada, aquisição de lentes de contato em ópticas ou farmácias e complicações oculares graves ocorreram em usuários de lentes de contato considerados diferenciados. Podemos concluir que o médico oftalmologista deverá dar mais atenção ao tema, para que haja menos complicações ao realizar adaptações de lentes de contato.

Materiales. Lentes de contacto. (I)

OpenAIRE

Lozano Prieto, Beatriz

2017-01-01

La función de una lente de contacto, al igual que la de unas lentes oftálmicas en gafas, es la compensación de las ametropías ya sea miopía, hipermetropía o astigmatismo. En este trabajo se realiza un estudio metodológico basado principalmente en la evolución de las lentes de contacto y de sus materiales, desde las primeras lentes de vidrio esclerales y corneales, pasando por las lentes de material plástico, las rígidas permeables a los gases, las de hidrogel, y finalmente a las lentes de ...

Ocular Straylight

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Sigrid Mueller-Schotte OD, MSc

2015-10-01

Full Text Available Intra-ocular straylight can cause decreased visual functioning, and it may cause diminished vision-related quality of life (VRQOL. This cross-sectional population-based study investigates the association between straylight and VRQOL in middle-aged and elderly individuals. Multivariable linear regression analyses were used to assess the association between straylight modeled continuously and cutoff at the recommended fitness-to-drive value, straylight ≥ 1.4 log(s, and VRQOL. The study showed that participants with normal straylight values, straylight ≤ 1.4 log(s, rated their VRQOL slightly better than those with high straylight values (straylight ≥ 1.4 log(s. Furthermore, multivariable regression analysis revealed a borderline statistical significant association ( p = .06 between intra-ocular straylight and self-reported VRQOL in middle-aged and elderly individuals. The association between straylight and self-reported VRQOL was not influenced by the status of the intra-ocular lens (natural vs. artificial intra-ocular lens after cataract extraction or the number of (instrumental activities of daily living that were reported as difficult for the elderly individuals.

Implantation of refractive multifocal intraocular lens with a surface-embedded near section for cataract eyes complicated with a coexisting ocular pathology.

Science.gov (United States)

Ouchi, M; Kinoshita, S

2015-05-01

To evaluate the postoperative outcomes of cataract eyes complicated with coexisting ocular pathologies that underwent implantation of a refractive multifocal intraocular lens (MIOL) with a surface-embedded near section. LENTIS MPlus (Oculentis GmbH) refractive MIOLs were implanted in 15 eyes with ocular pathologies other than cataract (ie, six high-myopia eyes with an axial length longer than 28 mm, two fundus albipunctatus eyes, two branch retinal-vein occlusion eyes, four glaucoma eyes (one with high myopia), and two keratoconus eyes). Uncorrected or corrected distance and near visual acuity (VA) (UDVA, UNVA, CDVA, and CNVA), contrast sensitivity, and defocus curve were measured at 1 day and 6 months postoperatively, and each patient completed a 6-month postoperative questionnaire regarding vision quality and eyeglass use. Thirteen eyes (87%) registered 0 or better in CDVA and 12 eyes (73%) registered better than 0 in CNVA. Contrast sensitivity in the eyes of all patients was comparable to that of normal healthy subjects. No patient required eyeglasses for distance vision, but three patients (20%) required them for near vision. No patient reported poor or very poor vision quality. With careful case selection, sectorial refractive MIOL implantation is effective for treating cataract eyes complicated with ocular pathologies.

Paracoccidioidomicose crônica multifocal tendo como primeira manifestação o envolvimento palpebral: relato de caso Chronical and multifocal paracoccidioidomycosis having the lid involvement as the first sign: case report

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Tiago Nelson de Oliveira Rassi

2009-12-01

Full Text Available O acometimento ocular da paracoccidioidomicose é raro e quando ocorre é geralmente secundário à disseminação hematogênica. Descrição de um caso de paracococcidioidomicose multifocal em homem de 73 anos com história de trauma contuso no olho direito por pedaço de madeira e que teve como primeira manifestação clínica lesão palpebro-conjuntival. Interroga-se possível infecção primária ocular por contiguidade e alerta-se para a manifestação da doença em idade mais avançada.Ocular involvement of paracoccidioidomycosis is rare and when it occurs it is usually secondary to hematogenic dissemination. A case of multifocal paracoccidioidomycosis in a 73 year-old male after history of blunt trauma in the right eye with a stick of wood that presented as the first clinical sign a lid-conjunctival lesion is described. The possible primary ocular infection spreading by contiguity is argued and the disease manifestation in an advanced age is highlighted.

MULTIFOCAL CHOROIDITIS IN DISSEMINATED SPOROTRICHOSIS IN PATIENTS WITH HIV/AIDS.

Science.gov (United States)

Biancardi, Ana L; Freitas, Dayvison F S; Valviesse, Vitor R G de A; Andrade, Hugo B; de Oliveira, Manoel M E; do Valle, Antonio C F; Zancope-Oliveira, Rosely M; Galhardo, Maria C G; Curi, Andre L L

2017-01-01

In this article, the authors describe multifocal choroiditis related to disseminated sporotrichosis in patients with HIV/AIDS. We conducted a retrospective observational study of three patients infected with HIV who presented with disseminated sporotrichosis characterized by cutaneous lesions, multifocal choroiditis, and other manifestations, including osteomyelitis and involvement of the bone marrow, larynx, pharynx, and nasal and oral mucosa. Five eyes of three patients with HIV/AIDS showed multifocal choroiditis related to disseminated sporotrichosis. The CD4 counts ranged from 25 to 53 mm. All patients were asymptomatic visually. The ocular disease was bilateral in two patients. The lesion size ranged from 1/3 to 2 disc diameters. None of the patients had vitritis. Of the 12 lesions, 9 were localized in the posterior pole (Zone 1) and 3 were localized in the mild periphery (Zone 2). Multifocal choroiditis due to disseminated sporotrichosis can occur in profoundly immunosuppressed patients with HIV/AIDS.

Desempenho visual dos pacientes pseudofácicos com diferentes lentes intraoculares

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Wilson Takashi Hida

2013-10-01

Full Text Available OBJETIVO: Comparar a performance visual dos pacientes submetidos ao implante das lentes intraoculares multifocais difrativas Tecnis® MF ZM900, Acrysof® Restor® SN60D3, Acrysof® SN60WF e Acrysof® SN60AT. MÉTODOS: Estudo prospectivo comparativo, não randomizado, que incluiu 142 olhos de 71 pacientes com catarata, provenientes do ambulatório de oftalmologia do HC-FMUSP. A avaliação oftalmológica contou com medida da acuidade visual para longa, intermediária e curta distância, sem correção e com a melhor correção óptica, teste de sensibilidade ao contraste, pupilometria e análise de frente de onda por meio do aberrômetro. Todos os exames foram realizados com seis meses de pós-operatório. RESULTADOS: A média de idade dos pacientes foi de 60,7±6,6 anos no grupo Tecnis, 63,1±4,4 anos no grupo Restor e 63,7±4,2 anos no grupo monofocal (SN60AT no olho contralateral SN60WF. A acuidade visual para perto não corrigida e corrigida para longe foi estatisticamente superior nos grupos multifocal Restor e multifocal Tecnis em comparação ao grupo monofocal SN60AT/SN60WF (p<0,001. Não houve diferença estatística entre os grupos na comparação da acuidade visual para longe (p=0,56. A sensibilidade ao contraste fotópica monocular foi estatisticamente inferior nos grupos Restor e Tecnis (p<0,001. A SN60AT apresentou maior aberração esférica comparada a todas as outras lentes (p<0,001. A Tecnis se mostrou com menores valores médios de aberrações esféricas na comparação com a Restor (p<0.001. CONCLUSÃO: A Restor e Tecnis apresentaram melhor acuidade visual para perto do que o grupo monofocal SN60AT/SN60WF. Todas as lentes intraoculares promoveram boa visão para longe. O grupo da Tecnis apresentou melhor sensibilidade de contraste, menos aberrações ópticas e melhor visão intermediária que o grupo Restor.

Comparison of the visual and intraocular optical performance of a refractive multifocal IOL with rotational asymmetry and an apodized diffractive multifocal IOL.

Science.gov (United States)

Alió, Jorge L; Plaza-Puche, Ana B; Javaloy, Jaime; Ayala, María José

2012-02-01

To compare the visual outcomes and intraocular optical quality observed postoperatively in patients implanted with a rotationally asymmetric multifocal intraocular lens (IOL) and an apodized diffractive multifocal IOL. Seventy-four consecutive eyes of 40 cataract patients (age range: 36 to 79 years) were divided into two groups: zonal refractive group, 39 eyes implanted with a rotationally asymmetric multifocal IOL (Lentis Mplus LS-312 IOL, Oculentis GmbH); and diffractive group, 35 eyes implanted with an apodized diffractive multifocal IOL (ReSTOR SN6AD3, Alcon Laboratories Inc). Distance and near visual acuity outcomes, contrast sensitivity, intraocular optical quality, and defocus curves were evaluated during 3-month follow-up. Calculation of the intraocular aberrations was performed by subtracting corneal aberrations from total ocular aberrations. Uncorrected near visual acuity and distance-corrected near visual acuity were better in the diffractive group than in the zonal refractive group (P=.01), whereas intermediate visual acuity (defocus +1.00 and +1.50 diopters) was better in the zonal refractive group. Photopic contrast sensitivity was significantly better in the zonal refractive group (P=.04). Wavefront aberrations (total, higher order, tilt, primary coma) were significantly higher in the zonal refractive group than in the diffractive group (P=.02). Both multifocal IOLs are able to successfully restore visual function after cataract surgery. The zonal refractive multifocal IOL provides better results in contrast sensitivity and intermediate vision, whereas the diffractive multifocal IOL provides better near vision at a closer distance. Copyright 2012, SLACK Incorporated.

Desempenho visual após implante de uma lente intraocular asférica multifocal difrativa Visual performance after implantation of an aspheric multifocal diffractive intraocular lens

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Leonardo Akaishi

2010-08-01

Full Text Available OBJETIVO: Avaliar a acuidade visual a distancia, intermediária e perto após o implante de uma lente intraocular (LIO asférica multifocal difrativa AcrySof® ReSTOR® SN6AD1. MÉTODOS: Estudo prospectivo de 50 pacientes com catarata submetidos à facoemulsificação e implante de LIO AcrySof® ReSTOR®. Foram avaliados acuidade visual sem correção (AVSC, acuidade visual com correção (AVCC para longe, acuidade visual para perto corrigida para longe (AVPC e acuidade visual intermediária corrigida para longe (AVIC. Um questionário de satisfação e fenômenos visuais foi administrado ao final do estudo. RESULTADO: Após três meses de cirurgia, a média das acuidades (logMAR era: AVSC, 0,05 ± 0,07; AVCC, 0,00 ± 0,01; AVPC, 0,00 ± 0,0, e AVIC, 0,15 ± 0,05. A AVCC e AVPC era de 20/25 ou melhor em todos os pacientes, sendo a AVIC J3 ou melhor em 83% dos pacientes. Pacientes relataram excelente desempenho visual nas questões relacionadas a atividades para distância, intermediário, e perto com pouca ou nenhuma dificuldade. Nenhum paciente relatou halos ou 'glare' severos, sendo os mesmos caracterizados entre nenhum a moderado. CONCLUSÃO: A LIO asférica AcrySof® ReSTOR® SN6AD1 mostrou excelentes resultados na visão para longe, perto e intermediário, além de apresentar uma baixa incidência de fenômenos visuais.PURPOSE: To evaluate distance, intermediate, and near vision after aspheric multifocal diffractive AcrySof® ReSTOR® SN6AD1 intraocular lens (IOL implantation. METHODS: Prospective study of 50 patients with cataract that had phacoemulsification and AcrySof® ReSTOR® IOL implantation. Uncorrected distance vision acuity (UDVA, corrected distance visual acuity (CDVA, distance-corrected near visual acuity (DCNVA, and distance-corrected intermediate visual acuity (DCIVA were measured postoperatively. A patient-satisfaction and visual phenomena questionnaire was administered at the end of the study. RESULTS: Three months

Efeito do filtro de ultravioleta em lentes de contato hidrofílicas de alta hidratação Ultraviolet filter effect on hydrophilic high hydrated contact lenses

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Arlindo José Freire Portes

2008-06-01

Full Text Available A exposição à radiação ultravioleta está relacionada ao aparecimento de patologias oculares como ceratites, cataratas, degenerações maculares ou pterígio. Esta radiação está dividida em 3 tipos de acordo com o seu comprimento de onda: Uv-A (320-400nm, Uv-B (290-320nm e Uv-C (100-290nm. A indústria óptica desenvolveu filtros de ultravioleta para lentes intra-oculares, lentes de contato e lentes de óculos. OBJETIVO: Avaliar a eficácia do filtro de ultravioleta em lentes de contato de alta hidratação. MÉTODOS: Seis grupos de lentes de contato de alta hidratação e de marcas diferentes, contendo 3 unidades novas e iguais foram estudadas, observando-se o percentual de transmissão da energia luminosa de 200 a 400 nm através de um espectofotômetro. RESULTADOS: Os 3 grupos que apresentavam filtro de ultravioleta causaram uma queda abrupta na transmissão da radiação ultravioleta de 400 nm até 340 nm, ocorrendo um aumento na transmissão entre 240 a 300 nm até um nível máximo de 45%. Abaixo de 240 nm e entre 300 e 340 nm, houve um completo bloqueio da transmissão da radiação ultravioleta. Os 3 grupos que não apresentavam filtros de ultravioleta causaram uma queda abrupta na transmissão da radiação ultravioleta abaixo de 240 nm, ocorrendo um bloqueio completo de transmissão abaixo de 220 nm. CONCLUSÃO: As lentes de contato sem filtro Uv testadas não bloquearam com eficácia a radiação Uv-A, B ou C, e as com filtro bloquearam quase totalmente a radiação Uv-B e parcialmente a radiação Uv-A e Uv-C.The exposure to ultraviolet radiation is associated with the beginning of ocular pathologies like keratites, cataract, age-related macular degeneration and pterygium. This radiation is divided in 3 bands according to the wave length: Uv-A (320-400, Uv-B (290-320, Uv-C (100-290. The optic industry developed ultraviolet filters to intraocular lenses, contact lenses and spectacle lenses. PURPOSE: The issue of this work is

EFFECT OF BODY POSITIONS ON INTRA OCULAR PRESSURE

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Rajendra

2015-09-01

Full Text Available BACKGROUND: Intra Ocular Pressure (IOP can be altered by changing body position. Very few studies are available in the Indian subjects. AIM: To study the effect of changes in the body position from upright posture to supine to head down tilt of - 60 0 . MATERIALS AND M ETHODS: The study group consisted of 60 subjects, 35 boys and 25 girls in the age group of 18 to 24 years, with no ocular pathology were chosen. Independent measurements of the IOP of each eye were obtained. Keelar Pulsair air impulse tonometer was used in all the subjects for IOP measurement. IOP was measured in the department of Ophthalmology, Teaching Hospital between 10AM to 12 Noon. STATISTICAL ANALYSIS : were done using Student’s paired ‘t’ test. RESULTS: The change of IOP (Increased induced by the change of position between the means of IOP’s for the sitting and supine positions was 2.789±1.03 mm Hg of all subjects, 2.825±0.226 mm Hg in males and 2.739±0.089 mm Hg in females and between the supine and in clined - 60 ⁰ position was 4.971±0.914 mm Hg of all subjects, 4.703±0.816mm Hg in males and 5.346±1.098 mm Hg in females. CONCLUSION: It is apparent that, the IOP is significantly higher in the supine than in the sitting and in the inclined than in the supin e positions. The difference was statistically significant (P<0.001.

Queratocone e lentes de contacto

OpenAIRE

Coutinho, I; Ramalho, M; Pedrosa, C; Pina, S; Mota, M; Santos, C; Vendrell, C

2014-01-01

Nos doentes com queratocone quando os óculos não possibilitam boa visão, as lentes de contacto são uma boa alternativa terapêutica. Há vários desenhos de lentes de contacto que podem ser utilizados na correção óptica do queratocone e a sua adaptação deve assegurar o menor trauma da córnea e conforto ao doente. Este trabalho pretende fazer fazendo-se breve revisão das lentes de contacto disponíveis no tratamento do queratocone.

Lentes fácicas de câmara anterior

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Walton Nosé

2012-08-01

Full Text Available Os implantes em olhos fácicos apresentam-se como uma opção para a correção de altas ametropias. De acordo com sua localização podem ser classificados como de câmara anterior ou posterior, sendo que os primeiros subdividem-se em fixação iriana ou de suporte angular. Além da correção da miopia, as lentes de fixação iriana apresentam modelos para hipermétropes e astigmatas. Várias modificações no desenho das lentes foram propostas nas últimas décadas com a finalidade de reduzir complicações tardias, como a perda endotelial progressiva. Cuidados no intraoperatório devem ser tomados de forma a diminuir a perda endotelial aguda relacionada ao trauma. Avanços nos métodos de triagem pré-operatória também melhoraram a segurança do procedimento. A estimativa do poder dióptrico é baseada nos cálculos de Van der Heijde, sendo dependente da profundidade de câmara anterior, do equivalente esférico da refração e da média ceratométrica. Resultados a longo prazo demonstram a eficácia, previsibilidade e segurança do procedimento. Dependendo do modelo, além da possibilidade de perda endotelial, outras possíveis complicações incluem: irite, dispersão pigmentar, atrofia de íris, ovalização pupilar, rotação, descentração ou deslocamento da lente, hipertensão ocular e bloqueio pupilar. Modelos dobráveis atualmente disponíveis vêm apresentado resultados bastante promissores com redução da taxa de complicações.

Bilateral implantation of +2.5 D multifocal intraocular lens and contralateral implantation of +2.5 D and +3.0 D multifocal intraocular lenses: Clinical outcomes.

Science.gov (United States)

Nuijts, Rudy M M A; Jonker, Soraya M R; Kaufer, Robert A; Lapid-Gortzak, Ruth; Mendicute, Javier; Martinez, Cristina Peris; Schmickler, Stefanie; Kohnen, Thomas

2016-02-01

To assess the clinical visual outcomes of bilateral implantation of Restor +2.5 diopter (D) multifocal intraocular lenses (IOLs) and contralateral implantation of a Restor +2.5 D multifocal IOL in the dominant eye and Restor +3.0 D multifocal IOL in the fellow eye. Multicenter study at 8 investigative sites. Prospective randomized parallel-group patient-masked 2-arm study. This study comprised adults requiring bilateral cataract extraction followed by multifocal IOL implantation. The primary endpoint was corrected intermediate visual acuity (CIVA) at 60 cm, and the secondary endpoint was corrected near visual acuity (CNVA) at 40 cm. Both endpoints were measured 3 months after implantation with a noninferiority margin of Δ = 0.1 logMAR. In total, 103 patients completed the study (53 bilateral, 50 contralateral). At 3 months, the mean CIVA at 60 cm was 0.13 logMAR and 0.10 logMAR in the bilateral group and contralateral group, respectively (difference 0.04 logMAR), achieving noninferiority. Noninferiority was not attained for CNVA at 40 cm; mean values at 3 months for bilateral and contralateral implantation were 0.26 logMAR and 0.11 logMAR, respectively (difference 0.15 logMAR). Binocular defocus curves suggested similar performance in distance vision between the 2 groups. Treatment-emergent ocular adverse events rates were similar between the groups. Bilateral implantation of the +2.5 D multifocal IOL resulted in similar distance as contralateral implantation of the +2.5 D multifocal IOL and +3.0 D multifocal IOL for intermediate vision (60 cm), while noninferiority was not achieved for near distances (40 cm). Copyright © 2016 ASCRS and ESCRS. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Optimizing outcomes with multifocal intraocular lenses

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Gitansha Shreyas Sachdev

2017-01-01

Full Text Available Modern day cataract surgery is evolving from a visual restorative to a refractive procedure. The advent of multifocal intraocular lenses (MFIOLs allows greater spectacle independence and increased quality of life postoperatively. Since the inception in 1980s, MFIOLs have undergone various technical advancements including trifocal and extended depth of vision implants more recently. A thorough preoperative workup including the patients' visual needs and inherent ocular anatomy allows us to achieve superior outcomes. This review offers a comprehensive overview of the various types of MFIOLs and principles of optimizing outcomes through a comprehensive preoperative screening and management of postoperative complications.

Procedimiento para elaborar una lente intraocular monofocal asférica isoplanática y lente obtenida empleando dicho procedimiento

OpenAIRE

Barbero, Sergio; Marcos, Susana; Dorronsoro, Carlos; Montejo, Javier; Salazar Salegui, Pedro

2010-01-01

Procedimiento para elaborar una lente intraocular monofocal asférica isoplanática y lente obtenida empleando dicho procedimiento. Permite obtener lentes oftálmicas monofocales asféricas isoplanáticas en un rango visual de hasta 25º (preferentemente hasta 10º) de amplitud. El procedimiento comprende las etapas de: 1.- Definición matemática de un modelo de ojo afáquico; 2.- Definición matemática de un modelo de lente intraocular; 3.- Definición matemática de la implantac...

Lentes progressivas x lentes multifocais: um estudo baseado na geometria analítica do cone

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Araújo Marília Cavalcante

2004-01-01

Full Text Available OBJETIVO: Compreender, por meio de figuras e funções matemáticas do cone, as lentes progressivas e mostrar que elas não são lentes multifocais porque, nelas, a refração da luz não obedece as leis da geometria euclidiana. MÉTODOS: Foi feito um estudo da geometria analítica do cone, com o programa de computador Auto-CAD 14, dando enfoque óptico às figuras geométricas obtidas com a sua secção. RESULTADOS: Pela análise das figuras obtidas da secção do cone, pudemos observar as superfícies que compõem as lentes progressivas. Estas superfícies são compostas de elipse, círculo, parábola e hipérbole. Diferente do que é dito na literatura, encontramos as elipses com diâmetro maior nas ordenadas e de mesmo sentido seguida por duas superfícies inferiores que são parábola e hipérbole e não o contrário. CONCLUSÕES: As lentes progressivas diferentemente das lentes multifocais apresentam prismas nos centros ópticos como decorrência da sua estrutura. No final, fizemos análise das suas formas mostrando o limite teórico da sua evolução.

Prevention of ocular toxicity by the intra-carotid perfusion of anticancer agents in the treatment of malignant glioma. Usefulness of a remodeled epidural catheter and selective CT enhancements

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Uemura, Shozaburo; Matsukado, Yasuhiko; Yoshioka, Susumu; Ohtsuka, Tadahiro; Kuratsu, Jun-ichi; Sonoda, Hiroshi

1986-06-01

It is a problem of great concern to prevent ocular toxicity from complicating intra-carotid administration of lipophil anticancer agents. Attempts to prevent such a side effect were made during intra-carotid chemotherapy using remodeled catheter tips for epidural anesthesia. Twenty nine patients with malignant glioma received intra-carotid administration of neocarzinostatin (NCS). Six out of 17 patients (35.3 %) who received intra-carotid perfusion through an original catheter without a remodeled tip, developed ocular toxicity. The catheter tip remained proximal to the ophthalmic artery in all cases. On the other hand, 12 patients with a remodeled catheter tip did not develop ocular toxicity. In the latter group the tip of the catheter was located in the internal carotid artery sufficiently distal to the ophthalmic artery, or beyond the carotid bifurcation in 3 cases. Another advantage of the remodeled catheter was that the intra-carotid perfusion was feasible for a longer period with higher doses of NCS, than treatment with the commercial catheter for superselective embolization, which was found to be easily occluded and often ejected out of the carotid artery. Prior to and during the intra-carotid perfusion selective injection of Angiografin was performed through the catheter and the tumor was enhanced in the area of arterial supply, indicating the extent of chemotherapy and the degree of destruction of the blood-brain barrier.

Sistemas atuais de cuidados e manutenção de lentes de contato Current care and maintenance systems for contact lenses

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César Lipener

2008-12-01

Full Text Available A correta manutenção das lentes de contato é fundamental para se obter sucesso e manter a continuidade de seu uso. É grande o número de pacientes que abandonam o uso de suas lentes por problemas que poderiam ser solucionados com tratamentos relativamente simples ou com uma orientação mais adequada. O mau uso das lentes, associado à má adaptação, contaminação, doenças oculares prévias e fatores ambientais, podem aumentar o número de infecções corneanas através da proliferação de microorganismos. O presente artigo visa apresentar as atualizações em relação aos cuidados e manutenção com as lentes de contato.The proper maintenance of contact lenses is crucial for their success and to maintain the continuity of their use. Many patients abandon the use of their lenses due to problems that could be solved with relatively simple treatments. The misuse of lenses, coupled with poor adjustment, contamination, eye disease and environmental factors may increase the number of corneal infections through the proliferation of microorganisms. This article aims to provide contact lens care and maintenance updates.

Randvere Kool = Randvere School / Kristi Lents

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

Lents, Kristi, 1981-

2013-01-01

Kristi Lents-Esnari ja Marita Mätase (Allianss Arhitektid) kujundatud Randvere Kooli (G.H. Schüdlöffeli tee 4, Randvere küla, Viimsi) interjöörist. Hoone arhitekt Inga Raukas. Lühidalt Kristi Lents-Esnarist ja Marita Mätasest

7 CFR 1710.107 - Amount lent for acquisitions.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-01-01

... 7 Agriculture 11 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Amount lent for acquisitions. 1710.107 Section 1710... GUARANTEES Loan Purposes and Basic Policies § 1710.107 Amount lent for acquisitions. The maximum amount that will be lent for an acquisition is limited to the value of the property, as determined by RUS. If the...

Development of an accommodating intra-ocular lens - In vitro prevention of re-growth of pig and rabbit lens capsule epithelial cells

NARCIS (Netherlands)

van Kooten, Theo G.; Koopmans, Steven; Terwee, Thom; Norrby, Sverker; Hooymans, J. M. M.; Busscher, Henk J.

2006-01-01

Cataract surgery is routinely performed to replace the clouded lens by a rigid polymeric intra-ocular lens unable to accommodate. By implanting a silicone gel into an intact capsular bag the accommodating properties of the natural lens can be maintained or enhanced. The implantation success of

Contact lens-associated microbial keratitis Ceratites microbianas relacionadas a lente de contato

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Aline Silveira Moriyama

2008-12-01

Full Text Available PURPOSE: Contact lens-associated microbial keratitis is a severe condition with sight-threatening potential and increasing incidence. Information regarding the etiological agents is essential in guiding management and may vary geographically. The aim of this study was to analyze the microbiological results of corneal scrapings collected from patients presenting with contact lens-associated microbial keratitis. METHODS: Retrospective analysis of the records of all patients who were clinically diagnosed with contact lens-associated microbial keratitis and had corneal scrapings sent to the Laboratory of Ocular Microbiology, UNIFESP/EPM during a 5-year period from January 2002 to December 2007. RESULTS: The etiological agent was identified in 239 patients. Bacterial isolates accounted for 166 (69.46% cases, Acanthamoeba for 95 (39.75% cases and fungi for 4 (1.67% cases. Among the bacterial infections, coagulase-negative Staphylococcus was demonstrated in 74 cases, while Pseudomonas spp was found in 32 patients. All coagulase negative Staphylococcus and Pseudomonas were susceptible to ciprofloxacin and ofloxacin. Resistance to gentamicin was documented in a single case of Pseudomonas. Fourth-generation flouoroquinolone resistance was not observed among Pseudomonas cases. CONCLUSION: Coagulase-negative Staphylococcus was the most frequent isolate, and such data must be considered when determining empiric treatment. Second-generation fluoroquinolones ciprofloxacin and ofloxacin and fourth-generation fluoroquinolones moxifloxacin and gatifloxacin showed a good antibacterial profile and therefore could be good options for initial management.OBJETIVO: A ceratite microbiana associada ao uso de lente de contato é uma condição clínica grave, com risco de perda visual e cuja incidência vem aumentando progressivamente. Os principais agentes etiológicos podem variar geograficamente e informações referentes aos agentes causais são essenciais para

Lentes de contacto en el deporte

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Lluïsa Quevedo i Junyent

2007-06-01

Full Text Available Tras una completa evaluación optométrica, la primera responsabilidad del especialista, es procurar al deportista amétrope (miope, hipermétrope, astígmata... una óptima calidad de visión, ya sea con gafas o, preferiblemente, con lentes de contacto, por las numerosas ventajas que éstas presentan para el deportista. En los últimos años, especialmente, la industria de las lentes de contacto viene experimentando una evolución imparable, con grandes innovaciones a nivel de materiales, diseños y frecuencias de reemplazo que se traducen en mayor calidad de visión, confort y seguridad para el usuario. Las lentes de contacto desechables (usar y tirar, suelen ser de primera elección para los deportistas. En esta línea se encuentra la lente de contacto Nike Max Sight, de reciente comercialización en nuestro país, y que sin duda, como ya está sucediendo en los EUA, puede comportar una pequeña revolución en el contexto deportivo

Multifocal tenosynovial giant cell tumors in a child with Noonan syndrome

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Meyers, Arthur B. [Children' s Hospital of Wisconsin, Department of Radiology, Milwaukee, WI (United States); Nemours Children' s Health System/Nemours Children' s Hospital, Department of Radiology, Orlando, FL (United States); Awomolo, Agboola O. [Children' s Hospital of Wisconsin, Department of Radiology, Milwaukee, WI (United States); Szabo, Sara [Medical College of Wisconsin and Children' s Hospital of Wisconsin, Department of Pathology, Milwaukee, WI (United States); Cincinnati Children' s Hospital Medical Center, Division of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Cincinnati, OH (United States)

2017-03-15

Noonan syndrome is a genetic disorder with variable expression of distinctive facial features, webbed neck, chest deformity, short stature, cryptorchidism and congenital heart disease. The association of Noonan syndrome and giant cell granulomas of the mandible is widely reported. However, Noonan syndrome may also be associated with single or multifocal tenosynovial giant cell tumors, also referred to as pigmented villonodular synovitis. We report a child with Noonan syndrome, giant cell granulomas of the mandible and synovial and tenosynovial giant cell tumors involving multiple joints and tendon sheaths who was initially misdiagnosed with juvenile idiopathic arthritis. It is important for radiologists to be aware of the association of Noonan syndrome and multifocal giant cell lesions, which can range from the more commonly described giant cell granulomas of the mandible to isolated or multifocal intra- or extra-articular tenosynovial giant cell tumors or a combination of all of these lesions. (orig.)

Multifocal tenosynovial giant cell tumors in a child with Noonan syndrome.

Science.gov (United States)

Meyers, Arthur B; Awomolo, Agboola O; Szabo, Sara

2017-03-01

Noonan syndrome is a genetic disorder with variable expression of distinctive facial features, webbed neck, chest deformity, short stature, cryptorchidism and congenital heart disease. The association of Noonan syndrome and giant cell granulomas of the mandible is widely reported. However, Noonan syndrome may also be associated with single or multifocal tenosynovial giant cell tumors, also referred to as pigmented villonodular synovitis. We report a child with Noonan syndrome, giant cell granulomas of the mandible and synovial and tenosynovial giant cell tumors involving multiple joints and tendon sheaths who was initially misdiagnosed with juvenile idiopathic arthritis. It is important for radiologists to be aware of the association of Noonan syndrome and multifocal giant cell lesions, which can range from the more commonly described giant cell granulomas of the mandible to isolated or multifocal intra- or extra-articular tenosynovial giant cell tumors or a combination of all of these lesions.

Multifocal tenosynovial giant cell tumors in a child with Noonan syndrome

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Meyers, Arthur B.; Awomolo, Agboola O.; Szabo, Sara

2017-01-01

Noonan syndrome is a genetic disorder with variable expression of distinctive facial features, webbed neck, chest deformity, short stature, cryptorchidism and congenital heart disease. The association of Noonan syndrome and giant cell granulomas of the mandible is widely reported. However, Noonan syndrome may also be associated with single or multifocal tenosynovial giant cell tumors, also referred to as pigmented villonodular synovitis. We report a child with Noonan syndrome, giant cell granulomas of the mandible and synovial and tenosynovial giant cell tumors involving multiple joints and tendon sheaths who was initially misdiagnosed with juvenile idiopathic arthritis. It is important for radiologists to be aware of the association of Noonan syndrome and multifocal giant cell lesions, which can range from the more commonly described giant cell granulomas of the mandible to isolated or multifocal intra- or extra-articular tenosynovial giant cell tumors or a combination of all of these lesions. (orig.)

Precise modelling of the eye for proton therapy of intra-ocular tumours

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Dobler, B.; Bendl, R. [Medizinische Physik, Deutsches Krebsforschungszentrum, INF 280, 69120 Heidelberg (Germany)]. E-mails: b.dobler@dkfz-heidelberg.de; barbara.dobler@gmx.de; r.bendl@dkfz-heidelberg.de

2002-02-21

A new method is described that allows precise modelling of organs at risk and target volume for radiation therapy of intra-ocular tumours. The aim is to optimize the dose distribution and thus to reduce normal tissue complication probability. A geometrical 3D model based on elliptic shapes was developed that can be used for multimodal model-based segmentation of 3D patient data. The tumour volume cannot be clearly identified in CT and MR data, whereas the tumour outline can be discriminated very precisely in fundus photographs. Therefore, a multimodal 2D fundus diagram was developed, which allows us to correlate and display simultaneously information extracted from the eye model, 3D data and the fundus photograph. Thus, the connection of fundus diagram and 3D data is well-defined and the 3D volume can be calculated directly from the tumour outline drawn onto the fundus photograph and the tumour height measured by ultrasound. The method allows the calculation of a precise 3D eye model of the patient, including the different structures of the eye as well as the tumour volume. The method was developed as part of the new 3D treatment planning system OCTOPUS for proton therapy of ocular tumours within a national research project together with the Hahn-Meitner-Institut Berlin. (author)

Imaging the ocular motor nerves.

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Ferreira, T.; Verbist, B.M.; Buchem, M. van; Osch, T. van; Webb, A.

2010-01-01

The ocular motor nerves (OMNs) comprise the oculomotor, trochlear and the abducens nerves. According to their course, they are divided into four or five anatomic segments: intra-axial, cisternal, cavernous and intra-orbital and, for the abducens nerve, an additional interdural segment. Magnetic

TWO-DIMENSIONAL REAL-TIME ULTRASONIC BIOMETRY OF OCULAR GLOBE OF DOMESTIC CATS. BIOMETRÍA ULTRASÓNICA BIDIMENSIONAL EN TIEMPO REAL DEL BULBO OCULAR DE GATOS. BIOMETRIA ULTRA-SONOGRÁFICA BIDIMENSIONAL EM TEMPO REAL DE BULBO OCULAR DE GATOS DOMÉSTICOS.

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Ney Luis Pippi

2009-09-01

Full Text Available The eye is an ideal organ for the ultrassonographic examination, because it is of easy access and will count to some reflexives surfaces or interfaces. For the ultrassonographic examination of the ocular bulb high frequencies are necessary to delineate the tissues adequately. For the attainment of the measures 60 eyes of 30 cats had been used, where if it got sagittal cuts and transversal with microconvex transducer of 7.5MHz. They had been affected measured from the cornea in direction the retina. They had been registered measured of the distance between the cornea and the anterior capsule of the lens (D1, thickness of the lens (D2, diameter of the lens (D3, distance between the posterior capsule of the lens until the retina (D4, and distance between the cornea and the retina (D5. The measures had been grouped and gotten average, from the averages were applied a statistical test of variance analysis, with level of significance of 5%, to verify the homogeneity of the measures. The extreme one of healthful ocular bulbs of domestic cats produces images with average measures of 0.39cm for D1, 0.68cm for D2, 1.25cm for D3, 0.78cm for D4 and 1.86cm for D5. It was not observed significant difference between the sex, applied ages, weights or cuts.

KEY WORDS: Biometry, cats, ophtalmology, ultra-sonography. El ojo es un órgano ideal para la examinación sonográfica, porque está de acceso fácil y contará a algunas superficies reflexivas o interfaces. Para la examinación sonográfica del bulbo del ojo los de alta frecuencia son necesarios delinear los tejidos finos adecuadamente. Para el logro de las medidas 60 ojos de 30 gatos habían sido utilizados, donde si consiguió cortes sagitales y transversales con el transductor microconvexo de 7,5MHz. Habían sido afectados midieron de la córnea en la dirección la retina. Habían sido colocados midieron de la distancia entre la córnea y la cápsula anterior de la lente (D1, el grueso de la

Clinical, legal and ethical implications of the intra-ocular (off-label) use of bevacizumab (avastin)--a South African perspective.

Science.gov (United States)

Jansen, Rita-Marié; Gouws, Chris

2009-06-01

Choroidal neovascularisation is a potentially visually devastating element of various forms of eye pathology. Recent research has focused on neurovascular age-related macular degeneration (AMD) as a cause. AMD can be classified as being exudative (wet) or atrophic (dry). Wet AMD is characterised by a pathological process in which new blood vessels develop in the choroids, causing leakage of fluid and haemorrhage under the retina and leading to localised serous detachment and loss of central vision. Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) stimulates growth of neovascular membranes. Treatments have until recently yielded disappointing results. Ophthalmologists are using intra-ocular injections of bevacizumab (Avastin), an anti-VEGF, to treat AMD. Avastin appears to be safe and effective in the short term, but its intra-ocular administration is entirely off-label. Avastin is registered for treating metastatic colorectal and breast cancer. The off-label use of medication is an important part of mainstream, legitimate medical practice worldwide. Lawyers representing plaintiffs injured by drugs increasingly encounter off-label use claims. From a legal/ethical point of view the off-label use of medication represents a delicate balance between the statutory regulation of medication and a physician's prerogative to prescribe medication that in his or her medical opinion will be beneficial to the patient. The main reason for the controversy created by the off-label use of Avastin is that there are anti-VEGF drugs on the market that have formal approval for the treatment of AMD (and other eye conditions). Lucentis, for example, is extremely expensive, with treatment cost approximately 50 times that of Avastin. Many patients suffering from AMD and macular oedema cannot afford the registered product. The off-label use of Avastin has passed the innovative or experimental stages, as ophthalmologists have used it regularly and openly for a long time, with good success. Such use

Power profiles of single vision and multifocal soft contact lenses.

Science.gov (United States)

Wagner, Sandra; Conrad, Fabian; Bakaraju, Ravi C; Fedtke, Cathleen; Ehrmann, Klaus; Holden, Brien A

2015-02-01

The purpose of this study was to investigate the optical zone power profile of the most commonly prescribed soft contact lenses to assess their potential impact on peripheral refractive error and hence myopia progression. The optical power profiles of six single vision and ten multifocal contact lenses of five manufacturers in the powers -1.00 D, -3.00 D, and -6.00 D were measured using the SHSOphthalmic (Optocraft GmbH, Erlangen, Germany). Instrument repeatability was also investigated. Instrument repeatability was dependent on the distance from the optical centre, manifesting unreliable data for the central 1mm of the optic zone. Single vision contact lens measurements of -6.00 D lenses revealed omafilcon A having the most negative spherical aberration, lotrafilcon A having the least. Somofilcon A had the highest minus power and lotrafilcon A the biggest deviation in positive direction, relative to their respective labelled powers. Negative spherical aberration occurred for almost all of the multifocal contact lenses, including the centre-distance designs etafilcon A bifocal and omafilcon A multifocal. Lotrafilcon B and balafilcon A seem to rely predominantly on the spherical aberration component to provide multifocality. Power profiles of single vision soft contact lenses varied greatly, many having a negative spherical aberration profile that would exacerbate myopia. Some lens types and powers are affected by large intra-batch variability or power offsets of more than 0.25 dioptres. Evaluation of power profiles of multifocal lenses was derived that provides helpful information for prescribing lenses for presbyopes and progressing myopes. Copyright © 2014 British Contact Lens Association. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Ocular pulsation correlates with ocular tension: the choroid as piston for an aqueous pump?

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Phillips, C I; Tsukahara, S; Hosaka, O; Adams, W

1992-01-01

In 26 random out-patients, including 13 treated glaucoma patients and ocular hypertensives, the higher the ocular tension, the greater the pulse amplitude, by Alcon pneumotonometry, at a statistically significant level. In a single untreated hypertensive, when 2-hourly pneumotonometry was done for 24 h, the correlation was similar and significant. The higher the diastolic blood pressure, the higher the ocular pulsation, also significantly. Pulsation is suggested to be a pump, the choroid being the piston, contributing (1) to an increase in the outflow of aqueous humour and (2) to a homeostatic mechanism contributing to normalization of the intra-ocular pressure, wherein pulsation increases or decreases, as the intraocular pressure increases or decreases, respectively.

Lentes de contacto em idade pediátrica

OpenAIRE

Mota, M; Vendrell, C; Ramalho, M; Santos, C; Pedrosa, C; Coutinho, I; Lopes, AS; Silva, D

2015-01-01

Revisão sobre os tipos de lentes de contacto para utilização na idade pediátrica. Regras de adaptação, indicações e contraindicações ao uso de lentes de contacto na criança. Descrição das melhores opções na afaquia.

Acanthamoeba sp.: un caso de queratitis no relacionada con el uso de lentes de contacto Acanthamoeba sp.: a case report in a non-contact lens wearer

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Claudia Menghi

2012-12-01

Full Text Available La queratitis por Acanthamoeba sp. generalmente se relaciona con el uso de lentes de contacto y en menor proporción se vincula con el contacto con agua contaminada. Se caracteriza por una disminución de la capacidad visual y la presencia de un fuerte dolor ocular. al examen clínico, puede confundirse con una infección herpética. Si la infección no es diagnosticada y tratada a tiempo en forma adecuada, puede culminar en la perforación de la córnea y, eventualmente, en la pérdida del ojo. en este trabajo se informa uno de los pocos casos registrados de queratitis por Acanthamoeba sp. no relacionada con el uso de lentes de contacto.Acanthamoeba sp. keratitis is generally related to wearing contact lenses, and, to a lesser extent, to contaminated water. it is characterized by reduced visual capacity and the presence of severe ocular pain. Clinically, it can be mistaken for a herpes infection. if it is not diagnosed, and timely and adequately treated, it can result in corneal perforation and, eventually, in vision loss. One of the few registered cases of Acanthamoeba sp. keratitis not related to the use of contact lenses is herein reported.

Bacilos gram negativos, contaminantes más prevalentes en lentes de contacto blandos usados

OpenAIRE

Castiblanco, Diana; Rodríguez, Martha Fabiola; Mayorga C., Myriam Teresa

2007-01-01

Las bacterias son los contaminantes más frecuentes de los lentes de contacto. Objetivo: identificar el tipo de depósitos microbiológicos en lentes de contacto blando (LCB) usados. Materiales y Métodos: 100 lentes de contacto blandos de usuarios o de prueba  de las ópticas, recolectándose 25 lentes para cada grupo de la FDA (Grupo1, 2, 3 y 4, según el contenido de agua e ionicidad del polímero). Los lentes se almacenaron por 20 días en sus estuches individuales hasta su estudio. A cada lente, ...

Acute posterior multifocal placoid pigment epitheliopathy associated with cerebral vasculitis.

Science.gov (United States)

Weinstein, J M; Bresnick, G H; Bell, C L; Roschmann, R A; Brooks, B R; Strother, C M

1988-09-01

Acute multifocal posterior placoid pigment epitheliopathy (APMPPE) is an unusual self-limited retinal disorder that has been associated with various systemic complications. To our knowledge, three prior cases associated with cerebral vasculitis have been described. This article describes a patient with APMPPE and angiographically documented cerebral vasculitis who was notable because of (a) the presence of two different cerebral ischemic events, occurring 1 month apart, and (b) the long latency (3 months) between the onset of ocular symptoms and the second cerebral ischemic event. Recognition of the association between APMPPE and cerebral vasculitis may permit early treatment of CNS involvement and prevention of morbidity.

[Therapeutic qualities of a lente preparation of swine insulins manufactured by Pharmachem].

Science.gov (United States)

Andreev, D; Bozadzhieva, E; Pampulov, L; Penchev, I; Uzunova, B

1977-01-01

The therapeutic effect of swine insulin preparation Lente, "Pharmachim" production was studied in 50 diabetics. Its hypoglycemizing activitis compared with that of standardized insulin Lente--"Novo", extract of bovine pancreas. The Bulgarian preparation was found to be very similar to the preparation Lente-Novo in its pharma-codynamic properties and could successfully be used in the diabetes melitus treatment. Insulin Lente Pharmachim is presumed to have lower antigenicity as an extract of swine pancreas, which is actually its great advantage for the therapeutic practice.

Lentes esclerales: características e indicaciones

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Oreste Mariño Hidalgo

Full Text Available Los lentes de contacto esclerales o de apoyo escleral constituyen una de las opciones terapéuticas más relevantes en el tratamiento y corrección óptica de las enfermedades corneales primaria o secundarias, que traen como consecuencia alteraciones de la curvatura, de la regularidad de la superficie y de su transparencia. La evolución y el desarrollo de este tipo de lentes han abierto un diapasón de múltiples opciones para su uso. En la actualidad se prescriben por numerosos especialistas y ópticas del mundo con una gran aceptación y confort de los pacientes que los utilizan, lo que ha popularizado su comercialización. Realizamos una búsqueda de diversos artículos publicados en los últimos diez años para profundizar en el conocimiento de las características e indicaciones de los lentes de contacto esclerales.

Avaliação do desempenho visual da lente intraocular difrativa multifocal - Zeiss AT Lisa 809 MTM

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Lucas Monferrari Monteiro Vianna

2014-04-01

Full Text Available Objetivo: Avaliar a função visual dos pacientes com implante bilateral da LIO multifocal difrativa AT-Lisa 809 MTM por meio dos exames de acuidade visual com e sem correção óptica, curva de sensibilidade ao contraste, curva de desfoco e questionário de qualidade de função visual (VQF39. Métodos: Estudo clínico, prospectivo e de intervenção, que avaliou os resultados de 20 olhos de 10 pacientes, submetidos à facoemulsificação e implante de LIO, entre fevereiro e junho de 2012. Resultados: A ametropia residual média pós-operatória foi de 0,05 ± 0,42 (-0,75 a +1,25 D dioptrias esféricas e -0,30 ± 0,42 (0 a -1,25 D dioptrias cilíndricas. Na curva de desenfoque mono e binocular, a melhor acuidade visual média obtida com 0.00 D de desenfoque (AV de longe. O segundo pico foi obtido com desenfoque de -3,00 D, o que equivale à visão de perto a 33 cm. Entre esses picos, observamos uma perda de desempenho visual, com desenfoque de -2,00 D, que equivale a visão intermediária a 50 cm. A sensibilidade ao contraste foi similar aos relatados na literatura com este tipo de LIO, tanto com quanto sem ofuscamento, e é mostrada em gráficos. O questionário de função visual (VFQ-39 teve valor médio de 91,91 +- 6,82. Conclusão: A LIO multifocal difrativa AT-Lisa 809MTM (Carl Zeiss Meditec Company - Alemanha apresentou resultados condizentes com a literatura quando avaliada pelos exames de acuidade visual com e sem correção óptica, sensibilidade ao contraste, curva de desfoco e questionário de qualidade de função visual (VQF 39.

Clinical and patient-reported outcomes of bilateral implantation of a +2.5 diopter multifocal intraocular lens.

Science.gov (United States)

Maxwell, Andrew; Holland, Edward; Cibik, Lisa; Fakadej, Anna; Foster, Gary; Grosinger, Les; Moyes, Andrew; Nielsen, Stephen; Silverstein, Steven; Toyos, Melissa; Weinstein, Arthur; Hartzell, Scott

2017-01-01

To assess the effectiveness and safety of a multifocal intraocular lens (IOL) with +2.5 diopter (D) additional power compared with a monofocal IOL. Fifteen sites in the United States. Prospective randomized patient- and observer-masked clinical trial. Randomized patients received multifocal or monofocal IOLs bilaterally. Visual acuity (33 cm, 40 cm, 53 cm, 60 cm, 4 m) was measured; safety was assessed through adverse event rates. Patient-reported visual outcomes were evaluated using the Visual Tasks questionnaire. The frequency and severity of visual disturbances were evaluated using the Assessment of Photic Phenomena and Lens EffectS questionnaire. The multifocal IOL (n = 155) provided better corrected distance visual acuity at 53 cm than the monofocal IOL (n = 165) (0.322 versus 0.512 logMAR; between-group difference, -0.190 logMAR; P < .0001) and 40 cm but not at 4 m. Ocular adverse event rates were less than 3.84% in both groups. Serious adverse event rates were comparable between the 2 IOL types. Patients with multifocal IOLs reported less difficulty with near tasks (with and without correction) and intermediate tasks (without correction). Difficulty with extended-intermediate and distance tasks was similar between groups. The most frequently reported self-rated severe phenomena were halos, starbursts, and glare. Most patients (monofocal ≥72%; multifocal ≥73%) reported never experiencing blurred, distorted, or double vision. The +2.5 D multifocal IOL provided better vision at 40 cm and 53 cm and similar vision at 4 m compared with the monofocal IOL. Safety profiles and visual phenomena were comparable between groups. Copyright © 2017 ASCRS and ESCRS. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Lentes progressivas: análise da potência do astigmatismo induzido

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Celso Marcelo Cunha

2013-06-01

Full Text Available OBJETIVO: Avaliar a potência do astigmatismo induzido nas lentes progressivas em um deflexômetro. MÉTODOS: Foram incluídas onze lentes progressivas com poder longe de +1,00D e adição 2,00D para perto. Avaliou-se o astigmatismo induzido em doze pontos do campo intermediário, sendo seis de cada lado do corredor progressivo no deflexômetro. RESULTADOS: Existem diferenças significativas entre as somas dos astigmatismos induzidos de cada lado do corredor progressivo e no total geral nestas lentes estudadas, com coeficiente de variação com forte dispersão (CV 10 a 13%. CONCLUSÃO: Existe uma variação importante das potências dos astigmatismos induzidos nas lentes progressivas.

Lentes intraoculares fácicas de câmara posterior

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Mara Barreto Theiss

Full Text Available Resumo O objetivo deste artigo foi reunir estudos que reportam resultados disponíveis na literatura científica, considerando a previsibilidade, segurança, eficácia, e estabilidade das lentes intraoculares fácicas de câmara posterior. E relatar as complicações documentadas para estas lentes. A revisão criteriosa dos estudos publicados na literatura ate o momento revelam resultado satisfatórios quanto à eficácia, elevada previsibilidade, estabilidade e segurança do implante de lente intraocular de câmara posterior, para correção das miopia, hipermetropia e astigmatismo.

INTRAOCULAR TRANSMISSIBLE VENEREAL TUMOR IN A DOG TUMOR VENÉREO TRANSMISSÍVEL INTRA-OCULAR EM CÃO

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Geórgia Nadalini Rodrigues

2001-02-01

Full Text Available Canine transmissible venereal tumor (TVT is a round cell neoplasm occurring on the external genital mucosa of male and female dogs. Transmission is by cell implantation during coitus, licking, or other interaction between an affected dog and a susceptible host. Metastasis of the tumor rarely occurs. This report describes an unusual presentation of TVT with intraocular involvement and inguinal lymph nodes metastasis. The subject was a six-year-old, intact, male, Brazilian Terrier dog with a history of abnormal masses in the right eye, penis and several subcutaneous nodules in the inguinal area. Histopathological examination of the eye specimens as well as cytologic examination of penile mass and subcutaneous nodules revealed similar findings. The examination revealed round cells containing a large nuclei with prominent, central located nucleoli and a pale cytoplasm containing few small, clear round vacuoles. Histologically, the subcutaneous nodules in the inguinal area were lymph nodes. The diagnosis of TVT with intraocular involvement and lymph nodes metastasis was based on clinical, cytologic and histopathologic findings.Tumor venéreo transmissível (TVT é uma neoplasia de células redondas que acomete a mucosa genital externa de cães, machos e fêmeas. A transmissão decorre da implantação de células tumorais durante o coito, brigas ou interações entre animais portadores e susceptíveis. Existem relatos referindo-se a localizações atípicas do TVT, mas metástases raramente ocorrem. O presente relato descreve um caso incomum de TVT, com acometimento intra-ocular e metástases nos linfonodos ingüinais, num cão Terrier Brasileiro, com seis anos de idade. O animal apresentava massas anormais de tecido no olho direito, extremidade do pênis e aumento de volume de linfonodos da região ingüinal. A histopatologia do globo ocular e as citologias da massa peniana e dos nódulos subcutâneos evidenciaram aspectos citológicos semelhantes

Progressive Multifocal Leukoencephalopathy: Recent Advances and a Neuro-Ophthalmological Review.

Science.gov (United States)

Sudhakar, Padmaja; Bachman, David M; Mark, Alexander S; Berger, Joseph R; Kedar, Sachin

2015-09-01

Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML) is a severe often fatal opportunistic infection of the central nervous system caused by reactivation of a ubiquitous polyoma virus, JC virus. Although typically characterized by multifocal asymmetric subcortical white matter lesions, it may be monofocal and affect the cortical gray matter. Among the broad spectrum of clinical manifestations that occurs with PML, visual complaints are common. Combination of representative personally observed cases of PML and comprehensive review of case series of PML from 1958 through 2014. Neuro-ophthalmic signs and symptoms were reported in approximately 20%-50% of patients with PML and can be the presenting manifestation in half of these. A majority of these presentations occur from damage to cerebral visual pathways resulting in visual field defects, cortical blindness, and other disorders of visual association. Given the decreased frequency of infratentorial and cerebellar involvement, ocular motility disorders are less common. Visual complaints occur in patients with PML and are often the presenting sign. Awareness of this condition is helpful in avoiding unnecessary delays in the diagnosis of PML and management of the underlying condition. Recent guidelines have established criteria for diagnosis of PML in the high-risk patient population and strategies to mitigate the risk in these populations.

Variation of stemness markers expression in tumor nodules from synchronous multi-focal hepatocellular carcinoma - an immunohistochemical study.

Science.gov (United States)

Lo, Regina Cheuk-Lam; Leung, Carmen Oi-Ning; Chok, Kenneth Siu-Ho; Ng, Irene Oi-Lin

2017-08-01

Advancing knowledge in molecular pathogenesis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) opens up new horizons in the diagnostic, prognostic and therapeutic perspectives. Assessing the expression of molecular targets prior to definitive treatment is gaining importance in clinical practice. In this study, we investigated the variation in expression pattern of stemness markers in synchronous multi-focal HCC. In the first cohort, 21 liver explants with multi-focal HCC were examined for expression of stemness markers EpCAM, Sox9 and CK19 by immunohistochemistry (IHC). Expression data of 50 tumor nodules were analyzed to determine the concordance of expression among nodules in the same livers. In the second cohort, 14 tumor nodules from 6 multi-focal HCC cases proven as intra-hepatic metastasis were examined for Soc9 immunoexpression. In the first cohort, thirty nodules from 16 cases expressed one or more markers, with Sox9 being most frequently expressed. Complete concordance of expression pattern for all 3 markers was observed in 6 cases. Discrepancy of staining degree was noted in 4 cases for EpCAM, 14 cases for Sox9, and 6 cases for CK19. A two-tier or three-tier difference in staining scores was noted in 5 cases for Sox9 and one case for CK19. With Sox9, identical tumor morphology in terms of Edmondson grading and growth pattern did not infer the same degree of immunoexpression; and the largest tumor nodule was not representative of highest IHC score. In the second cohort of intra-hepatic metastasis, complete concordance of Sox9 expression level was observed in 5 out of 6 cases; while the remaining case showed a 1-tier difference of positive staining. Our findings suggested that clonality of tumor nodules is apparently an important factor to infer immunoexpression pattern. When there is limited information to discern multiple primaries versus intra-hepatic metastasis in multi-focal HCC, discordant degree of stemness markers expression among tumor nodules was commonly

Lentes fáquicos como alternativa de tratamiento en el queratocono

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Raúl Barroso Lorenzo

Full Text Available El queratocono es una enfermedad degenerativa que se caracteriza por un adelgazamiento progresivo del estroma corneal y la deformidad en forma de cono de la córnea, lo cual provoca astigmatismo irregular y miopía elevada. Se realizó una revisión de artículos publicados referentes al implante de lentes intraoculares fáquicos como alternativa de tratamiento en esta entidad, la cual continúa siendo de difícil manejo en la actualidad. En ametropías con alto componente esférico y cilíndrico, el uso de lente fáquico tórico mostró óptimos resultados visuales. De igual modo el uso de lentes de soporte angular "estira" la córnea y achata el área apical central a través de sus hápticas, con lo que reduce la ectasia corneal y el astigmatismo irregular asimétrico. A su vez, la presencia del lente intraocular entre la pupila y la córnea crea una barrera física que evita la acción de la corriente de humor acuoso contra la córnea y, por consiguiente, hay una estabilización de todos los parámetros de la córnea después de la implantación del lente. La literatura reporta combinación de implantes de lentes fáquicos posterior a anillos intraestromales y crosslinking con un excelente resultado funcional: incrementa en forma importante la agudeza visual sin corrección, mejora las topografías corneales y las aberraciones de alto orden y disminuye la posibilidad de requerir un trasplante de córnea. El uso de lentes fáquicos tóricos en queratoconos estables es una alternativa terapéutica válida como tratamiento de la ametropía que acompaña a esta patología.

Comportamento e características de usuários de lentes de contato entre estudantes universitários da área de saúde The behavior and characteristics of contact lens wearers among university students in health related areas

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Cleusa Coral Ghanem

2000-04-01

Full Text Available Objetivo: Estudar o comportamento e características de usuários de lentes de contato ligados à área de saúde. Método: Realizou-se um levantamento entre universitários da área de saúde da Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Paraná, em Curitiba, no período de 23 a 27 de novembro de 1998. Para a coleta de dados foi utilizado um questionário auto-aplicável, previamente testado. Resultados e Discussão: Dentre 1.173 estudantes, 207 (17,2% usavam lentes de contato, sendo 78,3% do sexo feminino e 21,7% do sexo masculino. Eram usuários de lentes rígidas 12,1% e 87,9% utilizavam hidrofílicas, demonstrando um aumento progressivo das últimas quando se compara a estudos nacionais anteriores. Dos usuários de lentes de contato hidrofílicas, 57,6% utilizavam descartáveis e desses 88,5% não as utilizavam de acordo com os padrões de uso e descartabilidade estabelecidos. Do número total de usuários, 37,7% relataram algum problema ocular durante o uso. Embora 97,1% tenham feito a adaptação com o oftalmologista, 14,2% dos usuários de descartáveis não obtiveram novas lentes em clínicas oftalmológicas. Por outro lado, 81,1% procuraram o oftalmologista, semestral ou anualmente, para a revisão da adaptação. Recomendação: Para reduzir o número de complicações e a desistência do uso de lentes de contato, o usuário deve ser educado sobre a forma correta de utilizá-las, ser orientado sobre os sinais e sintomas de alerta para problemas oculares e receber as informações também por escrito.Purpose: To study the behavior and characteristics of contact lens wearers involved in health areas. Methods: To conduct a survey among students of health related courses at the Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Paraná, in Curitiba, during the period from 23rd to 27th November 1998. A previously tested, self-applicable questionnaire was used to collect data. Results and Discussion: Among 1,173 students, 207 (17.2% used contact lenses, of

Multifocal Congenital Hemangiopericytoma.

Science.gov (United States)

Robl, Renata; Carvalho, Vânia Oliveira; Abagge, Kerstin Taniguchi; Uber, Marjorie; Lichtvan, Leniza Costa Lima; Werner, Betina; Mehrdad Nadji, Mehrdad

2017-01-01

Congenital hemangiopericytoma (HPC) is a rare mesenchymal tumor with less aggressive behavior and a more favorable prognosis than similar tumors in adults. Multifocal presentation is even less common than isolated HPC and hence its clinical and histologic recognition may be challenging. A newborn infant with multifocal congenital HPC causing severe deformity but with a favorable outcome after chemotherapy and surgical removal is reported. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

Relationship between Intra Ocular Pressure and Some Risk Factors, In Northern Iran

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Keihanian Faeze

2016-04-01

Full Text Available High intra ocular pressure (IOP often is related with open angle glaucoma. Although patients with high IOP are disposable to risk of open angle glaucoma, most of them never given it. In this study we evaluated association of hypertension and some other underlying causes with high IOP in population of patients referred to Amiralmomenin hospital during 2011-2012. This was a descriptive prospective study. Population was included patients with high IOP referred during 2012 to Amiralmomenin Hospital in Rasht. 180 patients with high IOP entered in the study. IOP of both eyes, systolic and diastolic blood pressure in admission were measured by expert assistant of ophthalmology and recorded. 55% of our patients were women. The mean age of them was 67.64±11.88 years. The mean systolic and diastolic blood pressure were respectively 128.66 ± 16.71 and 77.00 ± 9.02 mmHg. The re was a significant relation between gender, history of hypertension, alcohol abuse, hyperlipidemia and cardiac disease with high IOP in right eye (p0.05. Our study showed that systolic blood pressure can predict the high IOP. The results indicate a high impact of intraocular pressure on measures of blood pressure in an Iranian sample population.

Lente de contato em crianças: aspectos epidemiológicos Contact lens in children: epidemiological aspects

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André Luiz Alves Salame

2008-06-01

Full Text Available OBJETIVO: Traçar o perfil epidemiológico de crianças encaminhadas para adaptação de lente de contato. MÉTODOS: Foi realizado estudo retrospectivo de pacientes registrados no Setor de lente de contato da Universidade Federal de São Paulo. Os pacientes com até 12 anos de idade foram avaliados quanto ao sexo, idade, diagnóstico, indicação e tipo de lente de contato testada na primeira consulta. RESULTADOS: Dos 73 prontuários avaliados, 34 (46,6% pertenciam a crianças do sexo masculino e 39 (53,4% a crianças do sexo feminino. A idade variou de 2 a 12 com média de 10,2 e desvio-padrão de 2,42 anos. O diagnóstico mais encontrado foi afacia em 16 (21,9% crianças, seguido de ceratocone em 14 (19,1%, leucoma em 11 (15%, anisometropia em 10 (13,7%, ametropia em 9 (12,3%, astigmatismo irregular em 7 (9,5% e ectopia lentis em 4 (5,4%. Uma criança era alta míope (1,3% e outra emétrope (1,3% que possuía desejo de usar lente de contato estética. Em relação às indicações, 52 (71,2% pacientes tinham indicação médica, 9 (12,3% indicação óptica e 12 (16,4% indicação cosmética. Foram testadas lentes em 103 olhos sendo as mais testadas a rígida gás permeável esférica em 43 (41,7%, a gelatinosa esférica em 41 (39,8% e a gelatinosa cosmética em 11 (10,6%. CONCLUSÃO: O perfil epidemiológico dos usuários de lente de contato nessa faixa etária tem como diagnóstico mais prevalente a afacia, a indicação mais freqüente a de ordem médica e a lente mais testada a rígida gás permeável esférica.PURPOSE: To describe the epidemiology of children submitted to contact lens fit. METHODS: Retrospective study of 73 children that had been submitted to contact lens fit at the "Universidade Federal de São Paulo". This study analyzed sex distribution, age, diagnosis, indications and contact lens fitted at first examination. RESULTS: 34 children (46.6% were male and 39 (53.4% female, aged between 2 and 12 years with mean of 10.2 and

Delayed diagnosis of ocular syphilis that manifested as retinal vasculitis and acute posterior multifocal placoid epitheliopathy

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Jong Hoon Park

2013-01-01

Full Text Available A 55-year-old female presented with bilateral progressive retinal vasculitis. She was on systemic and intravitreal steroids on the basis of uveitis work-up result (negative result including rapid plasma reagin, but her visual acuity continued to deteriorate to light perception only. Ocular examination showed retinal vasculitis, multiple yellow placoid lesions and severe macula edema in both eyes. Repeated work-up revealed positivity of fluorescent treponemal antibody-absorption in serum and subsequently in cerebrospinal fluid. Ocular syphilis was diagnosed. And intravenous penicillin G resulted in rapid resolution of vasculitis and macular edema. To avoid delay in the diagnosis of ocular syphilis, high index of suspicion and repeating serological tests (including both treponemal and non-treponemal tests are warranted.

[Cutaneous atrophy and hypopigmentation secondary to intra-articular corticosteroid injection].

Science.gov (United States)

Loarte Pasquel, E P; Cabal García, A A

2014-04-01

Epicondylitis is the most common disease of the elbow. It is a tendinitis caused, in most cases, by repetitive motion of the forearm extensor muscles, and belongs to the group of occupational diseases that are related to work activity or sport. Intra-articular injections of glucocorticoids are often used by dermatologists, rheumatologists, orthopaedic surgeons, and primary care due to their ease of administration. However, this procedure has potential side effects. There are a limited number of case reports describing atrophy and hypopigmentation of the skin as a side effect. The general indications for glucocorticoid injections are monofocal and multifocal inflammatory disease, multifocal articular or soft tissue disease. It is more often used in more severe monofocal or multifocal inflammation, failure of drug treatment and/or rehabilitatory when other treatments are contraindicated. Copyright © 2012 Sociedad Española de Médicos de Atención Primaria (SEMERGEN). Publicado por Elsevier España. All rights reserved.

Desempenho visual na correção de miopia com óculos e lentes de contato gelatinosas Visual performance in myopic correction with spectacles and soft contact lenses

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Breno Barth

2008-02-01

Full Text Available OBJETIVOS: Avaliar o desempenho visual, por meio da acuidade visual LogMAR de alto contraste, sensibilidade ao contraste e análise de frentes de onda de indivíduos portadores de miopia com ou sem astigmatismo, corrigidos com óculos e com três diferentes lentes de contato gelatinosas [Acuvue® 2 (Vistacon J&J Vision Care Inc., EUA, Biomedics® 55 (Ocular Science, EUA e Focus® 1-2 week (Ciba Vision Corporation, EUA]. MÉTODOS: Estudo clínico e prospectivo com intervenção em amostra constituída por quarenta indivíduos portadores de miopia entre -1,00 D e -4,50 D, sem ou com astigmatismo até -0,75 D. RESULTADOS: A sobrerefração objetiva realizada pelo aberrômetro Zywave detectou diferença significativa entre as lentes de contato gelatinosas Acuvue® 2 e Biomedics® 55, em relação aos componentes refrativos esfera e equivalente esférico, que se mostraram hipercorrigidos em relação às lentes de contato gelatinosas Focus® 1-2 week. A acuidade visual LogMAR e sensibilidade ao contraste não detectaram diferenças no desempenho visual com os óculos e com as três lentes de contato gelatinosas. A análise de frentes de onda detectou diferença significativa na aberração de terceira ordem sem e com as lentes de contato gelatinosas, com melhor desempenho visual com as lentes de contato gelatinosas Acuvue® 2 e Biomedics® 55. CONCLUSÕES: A análise de frentes de onda detectou diferenças no desempenho visual com óculos e com as lentes de contato gelatinosas, sendo, portanto, uma medida mais sensível da função visual que a acuidade visual LogMAR de alto contraste e a sensibilidade ao contraste. O modelo de avaliação de desempenho visual com análise de frentes de onda utilizado nesta investigação serve de modelo para pesquisas semelhantes.PURPOSE: To evaluate the visual performance by high contrast visual acuity, contrast sensitivity and wavefront in myopic patients with or without astigmatism corrected with spectacles and

Desenvolvimento de software oftalmológico para computação móvel

OpenAIRE

Grottone,Gustavo Teixeira; Pisa,Ivan Torres; Grottone,João Carlos; Debs,Fernando; Schor,Paulo

2006-01-01

INTRODUÇÃO: As fórmulas para cálculo de lentes intra-oculares sofreram grande evolução desde os primórdios das fórmulas teóricas de Fyodorov. Dentre as fórmulas de segunda geração, a fórmula SRK-I era de cálculo relativamente simples, levando em conta um cálculo direto que envolvia somente o diâmetro ântero-posterior, constante da lente e ceratometria média. Com a evolução das fórmulas, os cálculos ficaram cada vez mais complexos sendo inviável a reconfiguração dos parâmetros em situações eme...

Imaging the ocular motor nerves

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Ferreira, Teresa [Department of Radiology, Leiden University Medical Center (Netherlands)], E-mail: T.A.Ferreira@lumc.nl; Verbist, Berit [Department of Radiology, Leiden University Medical Center (Netherlands)], E-mail: B.M.Verbist@lumc.nl; Buchem, Mark van [Department of Radiology, Leiden University Medical Center (Netherlands)], E-mail: M.A.van_Buchem@lumc.nl; Osch, Thijs van [C.J. Gorter for High-Field MRI, Department of Radiology, Leiden University Medical Center (Netherlands)], E-mail: M.J.P.van_Osch@lumc.nl; Webb, Andrew [C.J. Gorter for High-Field MRI, Department of Radiology, Leiden University Medical Center (Netherlands)], E-mail: A.Webb@lumc.nl

2010-05-15

The ocular motor nerves (OMNs) comprise the oculomotor, trochlear and the abducens nerves. According to their course, they are divided into four or five anatomic segments: intra-axial, cisternal, cavernous and intra-orbital and, for the abducens nerve, an additional interdural segment. Magnetic resonance imaging is the imaging method of choice in the evaluation of the normal and pathologic ocular motor nerves. CT still plays a limited but important role in the evaluation of the intraosseous portions at the skull base and bony foramina. We describe for each segment of these cranial nerves, the normal anatomy, the most appropriate image sequences and planes, their imaging appearance and pathologic conditions. Magnetic resonance imaging with high magnetic fields is a developing and promising technique. We describe our initial experience with a Phillips 7.0 T MRI scanner in the evaluation of the brainstem segments of the OMNs. As imaging becomes more refined, an understanding of the detailed anatomy is increasingly necessary, as the demand on radiology to diagnose smaller lesions also increases.

Opacificación capsular posterior en lentes intraoculares hidrofílicos en comparación con lentes intraoculares hidrofóbicos usando imágenes de Scheimpflug

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Arturo Olguin Manríquez

2016-03-01

Conclusiones: Los resultados de la función visual son comparables entre ambos lentes. La opacificación de la cápsula posterior se vio en menor proporción con el LIO Akreos MI60 cuando se midió por imágenes de Scheimpflug, debido probablemente al diseño del lente. No se demostraron correlación entre ambas pruebas.

Pärt, Arvo: "Miserere", "Festina lente" / Volkmar Fischer

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

Fischer, Volkmar

1991-01-01

Uuest heliplaadist Pärt, Arvo: "Miserere", "Festina lente", "Sarah Was Ninety Years Old". The Hilliard Ensemble. Orchester der Beethovenhalle Bonn. Dirigent Dennis Russel Davies (ECM Records, distr Amigo)

Primary multifocal osseous lymphoma in a child

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Sato, Takashi S.P. [University of Iowa, Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA (United States); Ferguson, Polly J. [University of Iowa, Department of Pediatrics, Iowa City, IA (United States); Khanna, Geetika [Washington University, Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, St Louis, MO (United States)

2008-12-15

We report a case of primary multifocal osseous lymphoma in a 6-year-old girl presenting with multifocal osteolytic lesions without systemic symptoms or identifiable non-osseous primary tumor. The differential diagnoses for such a presentation include histiocytosis X, chronic recurrent multifocal osteomyelitis, acute lymphoblastic leukemia, metastatic disease, and primary bone lymphoma. Although non-Hodgkin lymphoma is common in the pediatric population, its presentation as a primary bone tumor, especially with multifocal disease, is extremely rare and is frequently misdiagnosed. We hope that awareness of this entity will help radiologists achieve timely diagnosis and intervention. (orig.)

Progressive hemifacial atrophy with ciliary body atrophy and ocular hypotony

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T Ashwini Kini

2015-01-01

Full Text Available Progressive hemifacial atrophy (PHA is a disease of unknown etiology affecting one-half of the face. Ocular involvement is uncommon. Atrophy of iris is rare, with only a few cases of partial atrophy being reported in the literature. We report a case of total atrophy of iris and ciliary body with associated ocular hypotony in a 16-year-old girl with PHA. We believe this is the first reported case of complete atrophy of iris and ciliary body in PHA. Ocular hypotony in PHA was thought to be due to intra-ocular inflammation. However in our case it appears to be secondary to severe atrophy of the ciliary body.

Experiencia con la lente intraocular RAYNER 620H Experience gained with the use of intraocular lens RAYNER 620 H

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Juan Raúl Hernández Silva

2008-06-01

Full Text Available Un importante eslabón en el progreso alcanzado en la cirugía de cataratas, está fundamentado en el desarrollo industrial paralelo que ha ocurrido durante los últimos años con la introducción de nuevos modelos de lentes intraoculares, como el Rayner 620 H; el perfeccionamiento del instrumental quirúrgico, sistemas de aspiración e irrigación bimanual y bisturí con la medida exacta para colocar el inyector de la lente intraocular. La lente intraocular Rayner 620H significó un gran paso para la facoemulsificación y el control de la opacidad de la cápsula posterior posoperatoria por el diseño peculiar de su óptica y hápticos, que permiten un implante seguro, fácil y una incisión mínima. Se realizó un estudio prospectivo y descriptivo, cuyo universo de estudio fueron 28 ojos con diagnóstico de cataratas a los cuales se les realizó facoemulsificación con implante de lente intraocular Rayner 620 H, en el Centro de Microcirugía Ocular del Instituto Cubano de oftalmología "Ramón Pando Ferrer" en el período comprendido entre junio de 2006 a febrero de 2007. El grupo de edades donde se encontró el de mayor número de pacientes fue en el de más de 60 años. En todos los casos hubo un aumento significativo de la agudeza visual sin corrección y con ella, del preoperatorio al posoperatorio. Hubo un aumento del cilindro queratométrico del preoperatorio al posoperatorio, pero este fue mínimo La pérdida de células endoteliales fue baja del preoperatorio al posoperatorio, respectivamente. No hubo ninguna complicación durante la cirugía ni después de esta. Evaluamos como satisfactoria la efectividad del lente intraocular Rayner 620 H, por el aumento de la agudeza visual del paciente, el bajo astigmatismo inducido, mejoría del campo visual por confrontación, mínima pérdida de células endoteliales, y ausencia de complicaciones y de deslumbramiento posoperatorio en los pacientes.An important link in the advances made by the

Fatores técnicos intervenientes na realização do exame de eletrorretinograma multifocal (ERGmf Technical factors that influence multifocal electroretinogram (mfERG recording

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Maria Kiyoko Oyamada

2007-08-01

Full Text Available OBJETIVO: Descrever os principais fatores intervenientes observados durante a aquisição e análise do exame de eletrorretinograma multifocal (ERGmf, que afetam o registro gráfico das ondas obtidas e portanto sua análise. MÉTODOS: Análise dos fatores de erro observados durante a aquisição de 100 exames seqüenciais de eletrorretinograma multifocal, realizados com o Reti System da Roland Consult, no período de maio a julho de 2005. Os exames de eletrorretinograma multifocal foram realizados conforme recomendações internacionais, respeitando-se os parâmetros preestabelecidos do equipamento, com 61 elementos, e ângulo visual de 30º. Todos os pacientes foram submetidos à avaliação oftalmológica completa, excluindo-se aqueles com transparência inadequada de meios, córneas planas e os incapazes de visualizar as linhas de fixação. RESULTADOS: Os fatores intervenientes, que poderiam causar erros na interpretação dos resultados obtidos, observados e corrigidos durante a realização dos exames foram: fixação excêntrica, movimentação dos olhos, contração do orbicular, contração da musculatura cervical, não-correção adequada, não-transparência adequada do eletrodo corneano, deslocamento do eletrodo em geral para baixo, descentralização do suporte da lente corretora, distância inadequada paciente-monitor em pacientes com alta ametropia, altura inadequada dos olhos em relação ao centro da tela, ruído na freqüência de 60 HZ (rede elétrica e de campo eletromagnético, impedâncias elevadas. No processamento das ondas, a utilização excessiva de filtros para remoção de ruídos dos registros obtidos, pode interferir na análise dos resultados obtidos. CONCLUSÕES: Cuidados simplesmente observacionais durante a aquisição dos sinais são de importância significativa para a obtenção de registros com boa morfologia e baixo nível de ruído. Permitindo, por meio de sua pronta correção, a análise correta e

A lente moderna

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Maria Elisa Baptista

2012-11-01

Full Text Available Belo Horizonte, cidade moderna, abriga registros do surgimento da arquitetura moderna brasileira, flagrados na sua construção pela lente moderna do fotógrafo Wilson Baptista. Associar fragmentos das histórias arquitetônica e fotográfica nas décadas de 1930-1960 é o objetivo com este ensaio, baseado no relato pessoal da experiência de cada imagem. As referências arquitetônicas não se estendem além do necessário, por já terem sido publicadas por outros autores, limitando-se a referenciar o trabalho inventivo do fotógrafo, que traduz, em uma estética também moderna, a beleza da arquitetura belo-horizontina.

Cálculo del poder de la lente intraocular mediante biometría ultrasónica

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Yileika Elías García

Full Text Available Objetivo: caracterizar el comportamiento del cálculo de la lente intraocular mediante biometría ultrasónica. Métodos: se realizó un estudio descriptivo y prospectivo, con un grupo de pacientes atendidos por el Servicio de Catarata del Centro Oftalmológico «Enrique Cabrera», que recibieron tratamiento quirúrgico por catarata con implante de lente intraocular, mediante técnica de Blumenthal. La muestra se conformó con 160 ojos y se estudiaron las variables: sorpresa refractiva, edad, longitud axial y promedio queratométrico según resultado refractivo, poder dióptrico de la lente y componente esférico según edad. Resultados: como resultados más sobresalientes, se obtuvo que el 78,7 % no presentó error en el cálculo de la lente, la mayoría de los pacientes tenían 60 años y más, predominó el rango de longitud axial entre 22 y 24,4 (67,5 %, el promedio queratométrico de 43 a 44,99 (64,3 %, el poder dióptrico del lente de + 20 a + 23 dioptrías (48,2 % y el componente esférico entre 0,00 y +/-1,00 dioptrías (78,8%. Conclusiones: se considera que la biometría ultrasónica resulta adecuada para el cálculo correcto del lente.

Necrotizing nocardial scleritis after combined penetrating keratoplasty and phacoemulsification with intraocular lens implantation: a case report and review of the literature Esclerite necrosante por Nocardia após ceratoplastia penetrante e facoemulsificação com implante de lente intra-ocular: caso clínico e revisão de literatura

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Jerome Charles Ramos-Esteban

2007-03-01

Full Text Available We report the history and clinical presentation of an 88-year-old female with Fuchs dystrophy who developed an acute anterior necrotizing scleritis in her left eye 23 months after an uncomplicated combined penetrating keratoplasty and phacoemulsification with intraocular lens implantation which progressed to slceral perforation with uveal prolapses. The patient underwent a complete systemic work-up for both autoimmune and infectious causes of scleritis. Surgical specimens of the area of scleral perforation were sent for histology and microbiologic studies. Analysis of surgical specimens revealed the presence of culture-proven Nocardia asteroides as a causative agent for the patient's scleral perforation. Results of her systemic autoimmune work-up were not conclusive. Successful treatment with tectonic scleral reinforcement with donor corneal tissue and preserved pericardium, oral and topical trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole and topical amikacin salvaged the globe and increased vision. The patient's final best-corrected visual acuity sixteen months after her last operation remains 20/70. Prompt surgical intervention with submission of appropriate specimens for pathological diagnosis and microbiology, along with consultation with rheumatologic and infectious disease specialists, are mandatory to minimize visual loss in cases of suspected infectious necrotizing scleritis.Relato de caso de esclerite necrosante aguda, evoluindo para perfuração escleral com prolapso uveal, 23 meses após procedimento de ceratoplastia penetrante e facoemulsificação com implante de lente intra-ocular no olho esquerdo sem intercorrências.A paciente foi submetida à avaliação completa auto-imune para esclerite. Biópsia da área de perfuração escleral foi encaminhada para avaliação patológica e microbiológica. Análise de material cirúrgico revelou presença de cultura proveniente de Nocardia asteroides como agente causal da perfuração escleral. Resultados de

Multifocal osteogenic sarcoma in Paget's disease

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Vuillemin-Bodaghi, V.; Parlier-Cuau, C.; Laredo, J.D.; Cywiner-Golenzer, C.; Quillard, A.; Kaplan, G.

2000-01-01

The most serious complication of Paget's disease is sarcomatous degeneration of pagetic bone. Multifocal sarcomatous degeneration occurs mainly in polyostotic Paget's disease. Multifocal Paget's sarcoma is uncommon and can arise in any site. We report two cases of synchronous multifocal sarcomatous degeneration. The two patients were elderly women (aged 77 and 86 years, respectively) who developed sarcomatous lesions concomitantly, in the first case report in left ilium, left tibia, and first lumbar vertebra and in the second case report in the skull, right ilium, and sacrum. Whether these cases are due to the simultaneous development of several primaries or to metastases from a single primary remains unclear. (orig.)

Progressive Multifocal Leukoencephalopathy

Science.gov (United States)

... SEARCH Definition Treatment Prognosis Clinical Trials Organizations Publications Definition Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML) is a disease of the white matter of the brain, caused by a virus infection ...

EFFECT OF VALSALVA MANOEUVRE ON SHORT TERM VARIATION OF INTRA OCULAR PRESSURE

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Rajendra

2015-10-01

Full Text Available BACKGROUND: Intra ocular Pressure (IOP changes during Valsalva manoeuver (VM. AIM: To study the effect of Valsalva manoeuvre on IOP and the heart rate response. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study group consisted of 55 volunteers, visually normal as subjects, 30 boys and 25 girls in the age group of 18 to 20 ye ars. Independent measurements of the IOP of each eye were obtained with the subject in the upright position. ECG recorded continuously before, during and after the Valsalva manoeuvre. Keelar Pulsair air impulse tonometer was used in all the subjects for IO P measurement. IOP was measured in the department of Ophthalmology, Teaching Hospital between 08AM to 10 AM. STATISTICAL ANALYSIS : were done using Paired ‘t’ test. RESULTS: The mean IOP increased by 5.53±2.138 mmHg during VM. The changes were statistically significant (<0.001. Mean IOP decreased by 2.085±0.367 mmHg during VM in a small proportion of subjects (12% which was not statistically significant. Mean recovery IOP was also lower than the resting IOP which was statistically significant (<0.001. The Valsalva ratio is calculated as the ratio of the longest RR interval (ms after the maneuver divided by the shortest RR interval (ms during the test. Mean Valsalva ratio was normal at 1.687 (range 1.2 - 2.6. CONCLUSION: IOP increased during Valsalva man oeuvre in a large number of subjects (88%. Recovery IOP was also lower than the resting IOP during the period of measurement, post VM (over a period of 5 minutes.

Assessment of morbidity in carcinoma of the cervix: a comparison of the LENT SOMA scales and the Franco-Italian glossary

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Davidson, Susan E.; Burns, Meriel P.; Routledge, Jacqueline A.; Swindell, Ric; Bentzen, Soeren M.; West, Catharine M.L.

2003-01-01

Background and purpose: To assess the correlation between the LENT (late effects on normal tissue) SOMA (subjective objective management analytic) system and the Franco-Italian glossary scores of late morbidity in cervical cancer patients treated with radiation, and to compare the ability of the scoring systems to detect differences between radiation treatment groups. Materials and methods: The study was retrospective. Patients, invited to take part in the study, had radiotherapy for cervical cancer and had a minimum of 3 years follow-up with no evidence of recurrence. One hundred patients agreed to take part. LENT subjective data were obtained using a patient questionnaire approach in order to complete the scales as published. The LENT objective, management and Franco-Italian glossary scores were obtained by a physician. Correlations between scores and differences between treatment groups were examined using non-parametric tests. Results: The average LENT SOMA scores had a greater resolution than the maximum scores, and using the maximum score alone underestimated treatment morbidity. The Franco-Italian glossary scores correlated strongly with the LENT objective scores (ρ=0.61, P<0.0005), and less strongly with the LENT subjective scores (ρ=0.45, P<0.0005). Significant differences in morbidity between the radiation treatment groups were measured using both the LENT SOMA system and the Franco-Italian glossary. Conclusions: The maximum and average LENT scores should be reported for each subsite. The LENT objective scores correlated well with the scores obtained using the established Franco-Italian glossary, but the LENT system provided additional information on subjective treatment effects. Both systems were able to measure significant differences in morbidity between radiation treatment groups. In conclusion, the LENT SOMA system is a valid and comprehensive approach for scoring the late normal tissue effects of radiotherapy

Light distribution in diffractive multifocal optics and its optimization.

Science.gov (United States)

Portney, Valdemar

2011-11-01

To expand a geometrical model of diffraction efficiency and its interpretation to the multifocal optic and to introduce formulas for analysis of far and near light distribution and their application to multifocal intraocular lenses (IOLs) and to diffraction efficiency optimization. Medical device consulting firm, Newport Coast, California, USA. Experimental study. Application of a geometrical model to the kinoform (single focus diffractive optical element) was expanded to a multifocal optic to produce analytical definitions of light split between far and near images and light loss to other diffraction orders. The geometrical model gave a simple interpretation of light split in a diffractive multifocal IOL. An analytical definition of light split between far, near, and light loss was introduced as curve fitting formulas. Several examples of application to common multifocal diffractive IOLs were developed; for example, to light-split change with wavelength. The analytical definition of diffraction efficiency may assist in optimization of multifocal diffractive optics that minimize light loss. Formulas for analysis of light split between different foci of multifocal diffractive IOLs are useful in interpreting diffraction efficiency dependence on physical characteristics, such as blaze heights of the diffractive grooves and wavelength of light, as well as for optimizing multifocal diffractive optics. Disclosure is found in the footnotes. Copyright © 2011 ASCRS and ESCRS. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Nuevas aplicaciones de las lentes de contacto

OpenAIRE

Blanco Menéndez, Patricia

2017-01-01

Revisión bibliográfica de los estudios para el seguimiento y monitorización de patologías de elevada prevalencia (glaucoma y diabetes mellitus) de una forma no invasiva y administración de fármacos mediante el uso de lentes de contacto. Grado en Optica y Optometría

Assessment of hydroxychloroquine maculopathy after cessation of treatment: an optical coherence tomography and multifocal electroretinography study.

Science.gov (United States)

Moschos, Marilita M; Nitoda, Eirini; Chatziralli, Irini P; Gatzioufas, Zisis; Koutsandrea, Chryssanthi; Kitsos, George

2015-01-01

This study was conducted to evaluate the macular status of patients treated with hydroxychloroquine before and after cessation of treatment. Forty-two patients with systemic lupus erythematosus underwent ocular examination based on visual acuity evaluation, optical coherence tomography retinal thickness measurements, and multifocal electroretinography (mfERG) records at first visit. The tests were repeated 6 months after treatment withdrawal and compared to the findings at their first visit. Mean visual acuity (measured in log minimum angle of resolution) of both eyes was statistically increased after hydroxychloroquine discontinuation (difference in means: 0.06 [Phydroxychloroquine improves along with the amplitudes of the mfERG responses 6 months after discontinuation of the drug, but no difference in retinal thickness is identified.

Impacto da análise do 'wavefront' na refratometria de pacientes com ceratocone

OpenAIRE

Ambrósio Junior,Renato; Caldas,Diogo Leitão; Silva,Renata Siqueira da; Pimentel,Leonardo Nogueira; Valbon,Bruno de Freitas

2011-01-01

OBJETIVO: Verificar se a aberrometria ocular total (análise da frente de onda ou 'wavefront') possibilita melhora na acuidade visual corrigida (AVc) com lentes esfero-cilíndricas, obtida com a refratometria manifesta em casos de ceratocone com algum grau de intolerância ao uso de lentes de contato. MÉTODOS: Os prontuários de 46 pacientes (89 olhos), referidos com diagnóstico de ceratocone e intolerantes ao uso de lentes de contato, submetidos ao exame de aberrometria ocular total seguido de r...

Drug-induced progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Vermeer, N S; Straus, S M J M; Mantel-Teeuwisse, A K

2015-01-01

Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML) has been identified as a serious adverse drug reaction (ADR) of several immunomodulatory biologicals. In this study, we contrasted the reporting patterns of PML for two biologicals for which the risk was identified at different points in their life......Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML) has been identified as a serious adverse drug reaction (ADR) of several immunomodulatory biologicals. In this study, we contrasted the reporting patterns of PML for two biologicals for which the risk was identified at different points...

Avaliação da qualidade de vida em pacientes submetidos à cirurgia de catarata, com implantes de lentes monofocais bifocais e multifocais

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Beogival Wagner Lucas Santos

2014-04-01

Full Text Available Objetivo: Fornecer uma avaliação objetiva e subjetiva da qualidade de vida e o nível de satisfação de pacientes que se submeteram à cirurgia de catarata, com implante de lentes bifocais, multifocais e monofocais. Métodos: Lentes bifocais foram implantadas em 72 pacientes; lentes multifocais asférica em 16 pacientes; lentes multifocais apodizada em 20 pacientes e lentes monofocais em 63 pacientes. Foi aplicado um questionário de 47 perguntas cujos resultados foram avaliados e analisados. Resultados: O nível de satisfação dos pacientes implantados com lentes bifocais e multifocais foi significantemente mais alto do que aqueles com lentes monofocais (teste Kruskal-Wallis p<0,01, seguido do teste Dunn, p<0,05. Quanto à comparação de lentes monofocais com lentes bifocais e multifocais, a visão para perto sem correção foi consideravelmente mais baixa em pacientes com lentes monofocais (teste Z, p<0,001. Os pacientes com lentes monofocais sem correção apresentaram uma menor capacidade de ler jornais ou livros e no que diz respeito a trabalhos manuais do que aqueles com lentes bifocais e multifocais (teste Z, p<0,001. Conclusão: Os resultados deste estudo mostram que os pacientes que receberam as lentes bifocais e multifocais tiveram uma melhora notável em sua acuidade visual para perto, estando satisfeitos com sua visão geral, sem óculos. A satisfação foi atribuída ao fato de conseguirem ler livros e jornais, preencher cheques, preencher formulários, praticar esportes, se barbear ou se maquiar sem correção.

Lentes progressivas: análise dos campos intermediário e de perto por deflexometria

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Celso Marcelo Cunha

2013-02-01

Full Text Available OBJETIVO: Avaliar por deflexometria as diferentes regiões das lentes progressivas e determinar as áreas dos campos de visão intermediário e de perto. MÉTODOS: Foram incluídas vinte e duas lentes progressivas com poder +1,00 DE para longe e duas adições diferentes (adição 1,00 e 2,00, 11 de cada. Mediram-se as áreas dos campos intermediário e de perto entre as isoastigmáticas de 0,5 DC. RESULTADOS: Encontraram-se diferenças significativas entre as áreas dos campos intermediário e de perto das lentes estudadas. Entre a área do campo intermediário e a adição observou-se correlação inversa; entre a área do campo intermediário e a extensão vertical do corredor encontrou-se correlação direta. CONCLUSÃO: Com esses dados permitem-se recomendar as lentes de acordo com o campo de maior necessidade visual de cada usuário.

Multi-focal Vision and Gaze Control Improve Navigation Performance

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Kolja Kuehnlenz

2008-11-01

Full Text Available Multi-focal vision systems comprise cameras with various fields of view and measurement accuracies. This article presents a multi-focal approach to localization and mapping of mobile robots with active vision. An implementation of the novel concept is done considering a humanoid robot navigation scenario where the robot is visually guided through a structured environment with several landmarks. Various embodiments of multi-focal vision systems are investigated and the impact on navigation performance is evaluated in comparison to a conventional mono-focal stereo set-up. The comparative studies clearly show the benefits of multi-focal vision for mobile robot navigation: flexibility to assign the different available sensors optimally in each situation, enhancement of the visible field, higher localization accuracy, and, thus, better task performance, i.e. path following behavior of the mobile robot. It is shown that multi-focal vision may strongly improve navigation performance.

Intra-arterial chemotherapy for the management of retinoblastoma: four-year experience.

Science.gov (United States)

Gobin, Y Pierre; Dunkel, Ira J; Marr, Brian P; Brodie, Scott E; Abramson, David H

2011-06-01

To determine whether intra-arterial chemotherapy is safe and effective in advanced intraocular retinoblastoma. Retinoblastoma often presents with advanced intraocular disease and, despite conventional treatment with intravenous chemotherapy and external beam radiation therapy, may still require enucleation. Single-arm, prospective registry from May 30, 2006, to May 30, 2010, at an ophthalmic oncology referral center with ambulatory care. A total of 95 eyes of 78 patients with unilateral or bilateral retinoblastoma were treated. The intervention was selective catheterization of the ophthalmic artery and injection of chemotherapy, usually melphalan with or without topotecan. Drug dosage was determined by age and angioanatomy. The main outcome measures were procedural success, event-free (enucleation or radiotherapy) ocular survival, and ocular and extraocular complications. Catheterization succeeded in 98.5% of procedures. There were 289 chemotherapy injections (median, 3 per eye). The Kaplan-Meier estimates of ocular event-free survival rates at 2 years were 70.0% (95% confidence interval, 57.9%-82.2%) for all eyes, 81.7% (95% confidence interval, 66.8%-96.6%) for eyes that received intra-arterial chemotherapy as primary treatment, and 58.4% (95% confidence interval, 39.5%-77.2%) for eyes that had previous treatment failure with intravenous chemotherapy and/or external beam radiation therapy. There were no permanent extraocular complications. Our experience suggests that intra-arterial chemotherapy is safe and effective in the treatment of advanced intraocular retinoblastoma.

Bilateral implantation of +2.5 D multifocal intraocular lens and contralateral implantation of +2.5 D and +3.0 D multifocal intraocular lenses: Clinical outcomes

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Nuijts, Rudy M. M. A.; Jonker, Soraya M. R.; Kaufer, Robert A.; Lapid-Gortzak, Ruth; Mendicute, Javier; Martinez, Cristina Peris; Schmickler, Stefanie; Kohnen, Thomas

2016-01-01

To assess the clinical visual outcomes of bilateral implantation of Restor +2.5 diopter (D) multifocal intraocular lenses (IOLs) and contralateral implantation of a Restor +2.5 D multifocal IOL in the dominant eye and Restor +3.0 D multifocal IOL in the fellow eye. Multicenter study at 8

Comparison of a new refractive multifocal intraocular lens with an inferior segmental near add and a diffractive multifocal intraocular lens.

Science.gov (United States)

Alio, Jorge L; Plaza-Puche, Ana B; Javaloy, Jaime; Ayala, María José; Moreno, Luis J; Piñero, David P

2012-03-01

To compare the visual acuity outcomes and ocular optical performance of eyes implanted with a multifocal refractive intraocular lens (IOL) with an inferior segmental near add or a diffractive multifocal IOL. Prospective, comparative, nonrandomized, consecutive case series. Eighty-three consecutive eyes of 45 patients (age range, 36-82 years) with cataract were divided into 2 groups: group A, 45 eyes implanted with Lentis Mplus LS-312 (Oculentis GmbH, Berlin, Germany); group B, 38 eyes implanted with diffractive IOL Acri.Lisa 366D (Zeiss, Oberkochen, Germany). All patients underwent phacoemulsification followed by IOL implantation in the capsular bag. Distance corrected, intermediate, and near with the distance correction visual acuity outcomes and contrast sensitivity, intraocular aberrations, and defocus curve were evaluated postoperatively during a 3-month follow-up. Uncorrected distance visual acuity (UDVA), corrected distance visual acuity (CDVA), uncorrected near visual acuity (UNVA), corrected distance near and intermediate visual acuity (CDNVA), contrast sensitivity, intraocular aberrations, and defocus curve. A significant improvement in UDVA, CDVA, and UNVA was observed in both groups after surgery (P ≤ 0.04). Significantly better values of UNVA (P<0.01) and CDNVA (P<0.04) were found in group B. In the defocus curve, significantly better visual acuities were present in eyes in group A for intermediate vision levels of defocus (P ≤ 0.04). Significantly higher amounts of postoperative intraocular primary coma and spherical aberrations were found in group A (P<0.01). In addition, significantly better values were observed in photopic contrast sensitivity for high spatial frequencies in group A (P ≤ 0.04). The Lentis Mplus LS-312 and Acri.Lisa 366D IOLs are able to successfully restore visual function after cataract surgery. The Lentis Mplus LS-312 provided better intermediate vision and contrast sensitivity outcomes than the Acri.Lisa 366D. However, the

Three-dimensional vectorial multifocal arrays created by pseudo-period encoding

Science.gov (United States)

Zeng, Tingting; Chang, Chenliang; Chen, Zhaozhong; Wang, Hui-Tian; Ding, Jianping

2018-06-01

Multifocal arrays have been attracting considerable attention recently owing to their potential applications in parallel optical tweezers, parallel single-molecule orientation determination, parallel recording and multifocal multiphoton microscopy. However, the generation of vectorial multifocal arrays with a tailorable structure and polarization state remains a great challenge, and reports on multifocal arrays have hitherto been restricted either to scalar focal spots without polarization versatility or to regular arrays with fixed spacing. In this work, we propose a specific pseudo-period encoding technique to create three-dimensional (3D) vectorial multifocal arrays with the ability to manipulate the position, polarization state and intensity of each focal spot. We experimentally validated the flexibility of our approach in the generation of 3D vectorial multiple spots with polarization multiplicity and position tunability.

Comparison of outcomes with multifocal intraocular lenses: a meta-analysis

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Béatrice Cochener

2011-01-01

Full Text Available Béatrice Cochener1, Antoine Lafuma2, Babak Khoshnood2, Laurène Courouve2, Gilles Berdeaux3,41Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Brest, Brest, France; 2Cemka Eval, Bourg la Reine, France; 3Alcon France, Rueil-Malmaison, France; 4Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers, Paris, FrancePurpose: To compare the clinical outcome of different multifocal intraocular lenses (IOLs based on information reported in the international literature.Methods: All comparative clinical trials that involved implanting at least one multifocal IOL in patients with cataract or presbyopia were extracted from the literature. Clinical outcomes included uncorrected near visual acuity, uncorrected distance visual acuity, visual acuity, spectacle independence, and halos. Random effects meta-analyses were conducted to compare outcomes for the different IOL types.Results: Twenty papers were identified describing 11 monofocal IOLs and 35 multifocal IOLs (19 diffractive, including 12 ReSTOR®, 14 refractive, and two accommodative patient cohorts. Multifocal and monofocal uncorrected distance visual acuity was 0.165 (0.090–0.240 and 0.093 (0.088–0.098, respectively. Compared with monofocal IOLs, multifocal IOLs produced better uncorrected near visual acuity (0.470 [0.322–0.618] versus 0.141 [0.131–0.152]; P < 0.0001, resulting in higher spectacle independence (incidence rate ratio [IRR] 3.62 [2.90–4.52]; P < 0.0001. Compared with refractive multifocal IOLs, diffractive multifocal IOLs produced a similar uncorrected distance visual acuity (0.105 [0.098–0.111] versus 0.085 [0.029–0.140]; P ≤ 0.78, not significant and better uncorrected near visual acuity (0.217 [0.118–0.317] versus 0.082 [0.067–0.098]; P < 0.0001 resulting in higher spectacle independence (IRR 1.75 [1.24–2.48]; P < 0.001. Compared with other multifocal IOLs, ReSTOR produced a better uncorrected distance visual acuity (0.067 [0.059–0.076] versus 0.093 [0.088–0.098]; P < 0.0001 and better

Endogenous synthesis of taurine and GABA in rat ocular tissues

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Heinaemaeki, A.A.

1988-01-01

The endogenous production of taurine and ..gamma..-aminobutyric acid (GABA) in rat ocular tissues was investigated. The activities of taurine-producing enzyme, cysteine sulfinic acid decarboxylase (CSAD), and GABA-synthesizing enzyme, glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD), were observed in the retina, lens, iris-ciliary body and cornea. The highest specific activity of CSAD was in the cornea and that of GAD in the retina. The discrepancy between CSAD activity and taurine content within the ocular tissues indicates that intra- or extraocular transport processes may regulate the concentration of taurine on the rat eye. The GAD activity and the content of GABA were distributed in parallel within the rat ocular tissues. The quantitative results suggest that the GAD/GABA system has functional significance only in the retina of the rat eye.

Endogenous synthesis of taurine and GABA in rat ocular tissues

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Heinaemaeki, A.A.

1988-01-01

The endogenous production of taurine and γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) in rat ocular tissues was investigated. The activities of taurine-producing enzyme, cysteine sulfinic acid decarboxylase (CSAD), and GABA-synthesizing enzyme, glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD), were observed in the retina, lens, iris-ciliary body and cornea. The highest specific activity of CSAD was in the cornea and that of GAD in the retina. The discrepancy between CSAD activity and taurine content within the ocular tissues indicates that intra- or extraocular transport processes may regulate the concentration of taurine on the rat eye. The GAD activity and the content of GABA were distributed in parallel within the rat ocular tissues. The quantitative results suggest that the GAD/GABA system has functional significance only in the retina of the rat eye. (author)

Intralenticular metal foreign body: case report Corpo estranho metálico intracristaliniano: relato de caso

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Flavio Mac Cord Medina

2006-10-01

Full Text Available Intralenticular foreign bodies comprise about 5% to 10% of all intraocular foreign bodies and can result in serious complications. The management depends on some factors like size, location, material type and the risk of infection. We present a patient with an intralenticular metal foreign body in the left eye that, following initial treatment with topical steroid and antibiotic, underwent lens aspiration with removal of the intralenticular foreign body and insertion of a posterior chamber intraocular lens with good visual outcome.Os corpos estranhos intracristalinianos representam cerca de 5 a 10% de todos os corpos estranhos intra-oculares. A conduta depende de alguns fatores, como: tamanho, localização, tipo de material e probabilidade de infecção. Relatamos um caso de um paciente com um corpo estranho metálico intracristaliniano no olho esquerdo que, após realizar tratamento inicial com esteróide e antibiótico tópicos, submeteu-se à aspiração do cristalino, retirada do corpo estranho e implante de lente intra-ocular com bom resultado visual.

Bijdragen aan Hoofdstukken 2-6: Landschapsbiografie Dijkteruglegging Nijmegen-Lent

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Heunks, Eckhart

2016-01-01

Contributions to a synthesis of landscape archaeological activities carried out in Nijmegen-Lent as part of heritage management by Gemeente Nijmegen during expansion of the city and reconstruction of the Waal river dike and bridges in the past decade. In 2014-2015, Dr. Kim Cohen advised to the

Multifocal versus monofocal intraocular lenses after cataract extraction

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Daniel Calladine

Full Text Available BACKGROUND: Good unaided distance visual acuity is now a realistic expectation following cataract surgery and intraocular lens (IOL implantation. Near vision, however, still requires additional refractive power, usually in the form of reading glasses. Multiple optic (multifocal IOLs are available which claim to allow good vision at a range of distances. It is unclear whether this benefit outweighs the optical compromises inherent in multifocal IOLs. OBJECTIVES: The objective of this review was to assess the effects of multifocal IOLs, including effects on visual acuity, subjective visual satisfaction, spectacle dependence, glare and contrast sensitivity, compared to standard monofocal lenses in people undergoing cataract surgery. METHODS: Search methods: We searched CENTRAL (which contains the Cochrane Eyes and Vision Group Trials Register, The Cochrane Library 2012, Issue 2, MEDLINE (January 1946 to March 2012, EMBASE (January 1980 to March 2012, the metaRegister of Controlled Trials (mRCT (www.controlled-trials.com, ClinicalTrials.gov (www.clinicaltrials.gov and the WHO International Clinical Trials Registry Platform (ICTRP (www.who.int/ictrp/search/en. We did not use any date or language restrictions in the electronic searches for trials. The electronic databases were last searched on 6 March 2012. We searched the reference lists of relevant articles and contacted investigators of included studies and manufacturers of multifocal IOLs for information about additional published and unpublished studies. Selection criteria: All randomised controlled trials comparing a multifocal IOL of any type with a monofocal IOL as control were included. Both unilateral and bilateral implantation trials were included. Data collection and analysis: Two authors collected data and assessed trial quality. Where possible, we pooled data from the individual studies using a random-effects model, otherwise we tabulated data. MAIN RESULTS: Sixteen completed trials

A novel nanoparticles impregnated ocular insert for enhanced bioavailability to posterior segment of eye: In vitro, in vivo and stability studies

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Rathod, Lalaji V.; Kapadia, Rakhee; Sawant, Krutika K., E-mail: dr_krutikasawant@rediffmail.com

2017-02-01

The present investigation was carried out to demonstrate with the help of in vitro and in vivo studies that nanoparticles impregnated ocular inserts effectively delivers significant concentration of drug to the posterior segment of eye after topical administration for treatment of glaucoma. Drug loaded Nanoparticles and their ocular insert have been reported to reduce side effects of orally administered Acetazolamide. Eudragit NPs were prepared by the solvent diffusion nanoprecipitation technique. The prepared NPs were evaluated for various parameters such as particle size, zeta potential, % entrapment efficiency, % drug loading, DSC, FTIR, TEM and stability studies. Ocular inserts of NPs were prepared by solvent casting method. The prepared ocular inserts were evaluated for thickness, content uniformity, folding endurance, disintegration time, morphology and stability study. The NPs and ocular inserts were evaluated for in-vitro drug diffusion study, ex-vivo trans-corneal permeability study, in-vivo ocular tolerability and intra ocular pressure (IOP) reduction study. The optimized batch was stable for a period of 3 months in lyophilized form. The optimized formulations had size range of 367 nm ± 8 nm, zeta potential around + 7 mV ± 1.3 mV and 51.61% ± 3.84% entrapment efficiency with 19% ± 1.40% drug loading. The ex-vivo trans-corneal study showed higher cumulative corneal permeation, flux across corneal tissue (2.460 ± 0.028 μg/ml) and apparent corneal permeability (3.926 × 10{sup −6} cm{sup 2}/s & 3.863 × 10{sup −6} cm{sup 2}/s) from drug loaded Eudragit NPs and Ocular inserts as compared to drug solution (0.671 ± 0.020 μg/ml & 3.166 × 10{sup −6} cm{sup 2}/s). In-vivo study showed the Eudragit NPs and ocular insert produced significant (P < 0.001) lowering in intra ocular pressure compared with the solution of free drug after 3 h of topical ocular administration. Plain Eudragit NPs caused no inflammation and/or discomfort in rabbit eyes and

A novel nanoparticles impregnated ocular insert for enhanced bioavailability to posterior segment of eye: In vitro, in vivo and stability studies

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Rathod, Lalaji V.; Kapadia, Rakhee; Sawant, Krutika K.

2017-01-01

The present investigation was carried out to demonstrate with the help of in vitro and in vivo studies that nanoparticles impregnated ocular inserts effectively delivers significant concentration of drug to the posterior segment of eye after topical administration for treatment of glaucoma. Drug loaded Nanoparticles and their ocular insert have been reported to reduce side effects of orally administered Acetazolamide. Eudragit NPs were prepared by the solvent diffusion nanoprecipitation technique. The prepared NPs were evaluated for various parameters such as particle size, zeta potential, % entrapment efficiency, % drug loading, DSC, FTIR, TEM and stability studies. Ocular inserts of NPs were prepared by solvent casting method. The prepared ocular inserts were evaluated for thickness, content uniformity, folding endurance, disintegration time, morphology and stability study. The NPs and ocular inserts were evaluated for in-vitro drug diffusion study, ex-vivo trans-corneal permeability study, in-vivo ocular tolerability and intra ocular pressure (IOP) reduction study. The optimized batch was stable for a period of 3 months in lyophilized form. The optimized formulations had size range of 367 nm ± 8 nm, zeta potential around + 7 mV ± 1.3 mV and 51.61% ± 3.84% entrapment efficiency with 19% ± 1.40% drug loading. The ex-vivo trans-corneal study showed higher cumulative corneal permeation, flux across corneal tissue (2.460 ± 0.028 μg/ml) and apparent corneal permeability (3.926 × 10 −6 cm 2 /s & 3.863 × 10 −6 cm 2 /s) from drug loaded Eudragit NPs and Ocular inserts as compared to drug solution (0.671 ± 0.020 μg/ml & 3.166 × 10 −6 cm 2 /s). In-vivo study showed the Eudragit NPs and ocular insert produced significant (P < 0.001) lowering in intra ocular pressure compared with the solution of free drug after 3 h of topical ocular administration. Plain Eudragit NPs caused no inflammation and/or discomfort in rabbit eyes and neither affected the intra

Influência do astigmatismo corneano na acuidade visual final após implante de AcrySof® ReSTOR®: relato de caso Influence of corneal astigmatism in final visual acuity after implantation of AcrySofTM ReSTOR TM: case report

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Ricardo de Carvalho Rocha

2007-12-01

Full Text Available Atualmente tem-se desenvolvido novos tipos de lentes intra-oculares (LIO que objetivam eliminar a presbiopia e o seu uso vem se popularizando. Descreve-se o caso de um paciente com catarata bilateral e irregularidades corneanas e astigmatismo maior que 2 D à topografia, no qual implantou-se a LIO AcrySof® ReSTOR® no olho esquerdo associado à realização de incisões limbares relaxantes para tentar diminuir o astigmatismo corneano observado. A acuidade visual pós-operatória, tanto para perto quanto para longe, ficou abaixo das expectativas, sem melhora à refração e sem uma outra alteração que a justificasse, além das citadas. Após 45 dias, sem melhora da acuidade visual, efetuou-se o explante desta LIO, seguindo-se de implante de uma monofocal, sendo observada melhora da acuidade visual corrigida final. Assim, o presente caso clínico reforça a necessidade de uma correta seleção pré-operatória dos pacientes candidatos ao implante deste tipo de LIO multifocal, atentando inclusive para os dados topográficos.Currently, new types of intraocular lenses have been developed aiming to eliminate presbyopia and the use has become more popular. The authors report the case of a patient with bilateral cataract and corneal irregularities and astigmatism higher than 2D in the corneal topography, in which AcrySofTM ReSTOR TM intraocular lens was implanted in the left eye associated to relaxing limbal incisions trying to reduce corneal astigmatism. The near and distance postoperative visual acuity were worse than expected, with no improvement with refraction. Apparently, no other reason apart from irregular astigmatism/multifocal lens justified the low vision. After 45 days, with no visual acuity improvement, the intraocular lens was explanted and a monofocal one was implanted. The final corrected visual acuity improved. Thus, the present case emphasizes the need of a correct preoperative selection of patients to implant this type of

Adaptação de lente de contato gelatinosa especial para ceratocone Keratoconus special soft contact lens fitting

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Ester Sakae Yamazaki

2006-08-01

Full Text Available OBJETIVO: Relatar a experiência inicial com o uso de lentes de contato gelatinosas especiais para ceratocone. MÉTODOS: Estudo retrospectivo de 80 olhos de 66 pacientes usuários de lentes de contato gelatinosas especial para ceratocone, no Setor de Lentes de Contato da UNIFESP e em clínicas particulares. Os pacientes foram classificados de acordo com o grau de gravidade da doença pela avaliação ceratométrica. Foram coletados os seguintes dados: idade, sexo, diagnóstico, ceratometria, acuidade visual com a lente, equivalente esférico (ES, curvatura da lente e indicação para o seu uso. RESULTADOS: Foram estudados 80 olhos de 66 pacientes usuários de lente gelatinosa para ceratocone. A média de idade foi de 29 anos, sendo 51,5% homens e 48,5% de mulheres. De acordo com os grupos: incipiente: 15,0%, moderado: 53,7%, avançado: 26,3%, grave: 5,0%. A maioria dos olhos estudados (91,25% apresentou acuidade visual melhor que 20/40 com a lente. Foram adaptadas 58% lentes de poder esférico (média de -5,45 dioptrias e 41% lentes com grau esferocilíndrico (variando de -0,50 a -5,00 dioptrias cilíndricas. A curva esférica mais utilizada foi de 7,6 mm (61% dos olhos. As principais razões para a escolha e adaptação desta lente foram devido à intolerância e ao padrão de adaptação insatisfatório com outras lentes. CONCLUSÃO: A lente gelatinosa para ceratocone pode ser usada em casos de difícil adaptação, como uma opção para melhorar o conforto e possibilitar a reabilitação visual em pacientes que não obtiveram alternativas a não ser algum procedimento cirúrgico.PURPOSE: To evaluate the fitting and use of a soft contact lens in keratoconic patients. METHODS: Retrospective study on 80 eyes of 66 patients, fitted with a special soft contact lens for keratoconus, at the Contact Lens Section of UNIFESP and private clinics. Keratoconus was classified according to degrees of disease severity by keratometric pattern. Age, gender

Pärt: Fratres in sechs Versionen. Festina lente. Summa / C. S.

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

C. S.

1997-01-01

Uuest heliplaadist "Pärt: Fratres in sechs Versionen. Festina lente. Summa. Cantus in memoriam Benjamin Britten. Orchester der Ungarischen Staatsoper, Tamas Benedek". Naxos CD 8 553 750 (WD:79'06") DDD

[Incremental cost effectiveness of multifocal cataract surgery].

Science.gov (United States)

Pagel, N; Dick, H B; Krummenauer, F

2007-02-01

Supplementation of cataract patients with multifocal intraocular lenses involves an additional financial investment when compared to the corresponding monofocal supplementation, which usually is not funded by German health care insurers. In the context of recent resource allocation discussions, however, the cost effectiveness of multifocal cataract surgery could become an important rationale. Therefore an evidence-based estimation of its cost effectiveness was carried out. Three independent meta-analyses were implemented to estimate the gain in uncorrected near visual acuity and best corrected visual acuity (vision lines) as well as the predictability (fraction of patients without need for reading aids) of multifocal supplementation. Study reports published between 1995 and 2004 (English or German language) were screened for appropriate key words. Meta effects in visual gain and predictability were estimated by means and standard deviations of the reported effect measures. Cost data were estimated by German DRG rates and individual lens costs; the cost effectiveness of multifocal cataract surgery was then computed in terms of its marginal cost effectiveness ratio (MCER) for each clinical benefit endpoint; the incremental costs of multifocal versus monofocal cataract surgery were further estimated by means of their respective incremental cost effectiveness ratio (ICER). An independent meta-analysis estimated the complication profiles to be expected after monofocal and multifocal cataract surgery in order to evaluate expectable complication-associated additional costs of both procedures; the marginal and incremental cost effectiveness estimates were adjusted accordingly. A sensitivity analysis comprised cost variations of +/- 10 % and utility variations alongside the meta effect estimate's 95 % confidence intervals. Total direct costs from the health care insurer's perspective were estimated 3363 euro, associated with a visual meta benefit in best corrected visual

Observaci\\'on de lentes gravitatorias con ALMA

OpenAIRE

Bonilla, A.; Toloza, O.; Fuentes, I.; Motta, V.

2016-01-01

Gravitational lensing is a fundamental tool for cosmology. A recent instrument which will provide more information for models of these objects is ALMA. Our goal is to select lens candidates to observe with ALMA and then model them using GravLens Software. We had selected 12 quadruple images systems from the CASTLES database, which show a high probability of observing extended sources in the submillimetric range. These new data will allow us to improve existing models. Las lentes gravitatorias...

Ocular Motor Score (OMS): a clinical tool to evaluating ocular motor functions in children. Intrarater and inter-rater agreement.

Science.gov (United States)

Olsson, Monica; Teär Fahnehjelm, Kristina; Rydberg, Agneta; Ygge, Jan

2015-08-01

Ocular motor score (OMS) is a new clinical test protocol for evaluating ocular motor functions in children and young adults. OMS is a set of 15 important and relevant non-invasive ocular motor function parameters derived from clinical practice. The aim of the study was to evaluate OMS according to intrarater and inter-rater agreement. Forty children aged 4-10 years, 23 girls median age 6.5 (range 4.3-9.3) and 17 boys median age 5.8 (range 4.1-9.8) were included. The ocular motor functions were assessed and scored according to the OMS protocol. The examinations were videotaped. To obtain the intrarater agreement, the first author examined and scored the children twice, first in the clinic and 2 weeks later by watching the videotape. To obtain the inter-rater agreement, three other raters independently scored the ocular motor function of the children by watching the videotapes. The overall observed intrarater agreement was 88%, and the observed inter-rater agreement between the three raters was 80%. For none of the subtests was there an observed intrarater agreement lower than 65%. Three of the subtests had an observed inter-rater agreement of 65% or below. Overall there was high observed intra- and inter-rater agreement for the OMS test protocol. Subtests such as saccades and smooth pursuit were more difficult for raters to score similarly according the clinical OMS test protocol. © 2015 Acta Ophthalmologica Scandinavica Foundation. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.

Profile of ocular trauma in industries-related hospital.

Science.gov (United States)

Shashikala, P; Sadiqulla, Mohammed; Shivakumar, D; Prakash, K H

2013-05-01

Ocular trauma is a worldwide cause of visual morbidity, a significant proportion of which occurs in the industrial workplace and includes a spectrum of simple ocular surface foreign bodies, abrasions to devastating perforating injuries causing blindness. Being preventable is of social and medical concern. A prospective case series study, to know the profile of ocular trauma at a hospital caters exclusively to factory employees and their families, to co-relate their demographic and clinical profile and to identify the risk factors. Patients with ocular trauma who presented at ESIC Model hospital, Rajajinagar, Bangalore, from June 2010 to May 2011 were taken a detailed demographic data, nature and cause of injury, time interval between the time of injury and presentation along with any treatment received. Ocular evaluation including visual acuity, anterior and posterior segment findings, intra-ocular pressure and gonio-scopy in closed globe injuries, X-rays for intraocular foreign body, B-scan and CT scan were done. Data analyzed as per the ocular trauma classification group. The rehabilitation undertaken medically or surgically was analyzed. At follow-up, the final best corrected visual acuity was noted. A total of 306 cases of ocular trauma were reported; predominantly in 20-40 year age group (72.2%) and in men (75%). The work place related cases were 50.7%and of these, fall of foreign bodies led the list. Visual prognosis was poorer in road traffic accidents rather than work place injuries owing to higher occurrence of open globe injuries and optic neuropathy. Finally, 11% of injured cases ended up with poor vision. Targeting groups most at risk, providing effective eye protection, and developing workplace safety cultures may together reduce occupational eye injuries.

Medindo o poder refrativo de lentes de contato gelatinosas personalizadas Measuring the refractive power of customized soft contact lenses

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Luis Alberto Vieira de Carvalho

2007-02-01

Full Text Available OBJETIVO: Lentes de contato gelatinosas com curvas-base esféricas têm sido usadas há anos. O cálculo do poder refrativo de lentes deste tipo é fácil, bastando utilizarmos a equação do fabricante de lentes para lentes espessas. No entanto, para projetos de lentes de contato personalizadas, não há ainda métodos confiáveis para medida das aberrações ópticas de ordem mais alta. Esse trabalho foi desenvolvido no laboratório do Centro de Ciências da Visão (Center for Visual Science da Universidade de Rochester, Nova York, com aparelho óptico que permite realizar medidas precisas de aberrações de ordem baixa e alta de lentes de contato gelatinosas personalizadas. Este é um passo essencial na verificação e obtenção de lentes de contato personalizadas de qualidade, e o instrumento desenvolvido na Universidade de Rochester permite verificar a qualidade de fabricação destas lentes. MÉTODOS: Um aparelho óptico de bancada foi montado em laboratório. Este aparelho consiste de uma célula úmida onde as lentes de contato são depositadas. Consiste também de uma série de lentes e espelhos e um sensor de frente-de-onda de Hartmann-Shack. As lentes de contato personalizadas utilizadas neste projeto foram fabricadas pela empresa Bausch & Lomb. Das dezenas de lentes de contato mensuradas no aparelho, restringimos aqui a apresentar os resultados de uma lente personalizada para ceratocone. RESULTADOS: O erro quadrático médio (EQM do instrumento foi de 0,04 micrômetro, sendo que o EQM das aberrações induzidas na lente está entre 4 e 6 micrômetros, ou seja, a precisão do aparelho está em torno de 1%. Este valor é mais do que suficiente para medidas precisas destes tipos de lentes de contato, algo até então inviável utilizando-se os sensores ou aparelhos convencionais de aberrometria. CONCLUSÃO: Com o instrumento desenvolvido neste trabalho foi possível realizar medidas precisas de aberrações de alta ordem. Esta

Clinical and Histopathologic Ocular Findings in Disseminated Mycobacterium chimaera Infection after Cardiothoracic Surgery.

Science.gov (United States)

Zweifel, Sandrine A; Mihic-Probst, Daniela; Curcio, Christine A; Barthelmes, Daniel; Thielken, Andrea; Keller, Peter M; Hasse, Barbara; Böni, Christian

2017-02-01

To investigate and characterize clinical and histopathologic ocular findings in patients with disseminated infection with Mycobacterium chimaera, a slow-growing nontuberculous mycobacterium (NTM), subsequent to cardiothoracic surgery. Observational case series. Five white patients (10 eyes). Analysis of clinical ocular findings, including visual acuity, slit-lamp biomicroscopy, spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD OCT), fundus autofluorescence (FAF), and fluorescein angiography/indocyanine green (ICG) angiography findings, of patients with a disseminated M. chimaera infection. Biomicroscopic and multimodal imaging findings were compared with the histopathology of 1 patient. Clinical and histopathologic ocular findings of M. chimaera. The mean age of the 5 male patients, diagnosed with endocarditis or aortic graft infection, was 57.8 years. Clinical ocular findings included anterior and intermediate uveitis, optic disc swelling, and white-yellowish choroidal lesions. Multifocal choroidal lesions were observed bilaterally in all patients and were hyperfluorescent on fluorescein angiography, hypofluorescent on ICG angiography, and correlated with choroidal lesions on SD OCT. The extent of choroidal lesions varied from few in 2 patients to widespread miliary lesions in 3 patients leading to localized choroidal thickening with elevation of the overlying retinal layers. Spectral-domain optical coherence tomography through regressing lesions revealed altered outer retinal layers and choroidal hypertransmission. The ocular findings were correlated with the course of the systemic disease. Patients with few choroidal lesions had a favorable outcome, whereas all patients with widespread chorioretinitis died of systemic complications of M. chimaera infection despite long-term targeted antimicrobial therapy. Ocular tissue was obtained from 1 patient at autopsy. Necropsy of 2 eyes of 1 patient revealed prominent granulomatous lymphohistiocytic choroiditis with

Vasculopathic Cranial Ocular Motor Neuropathy Following Sudden Emotional Stress

OpenAIRE

Purvin, Valerie

2010-01-01

We describe three patients who experienced onset of a microvascular ocular motor nerve palsy in the setting of sudden emotional stress. Such emotional states are accompanied by a marked increase in sympathetic tone in some individuals. Mechanisms by which these autonomic changes might produce an ischemic cranial nerve palsy include intra-cranial vasoconstriction and transient systemic hypotension due to alterations in cardiac function.

Prótese intra-ocular de resina acrílica em cães e gatos Acrylic resin intraocular prosthesis in dogs and cats

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S.C. Rahal

2000-08-01

Full Text Available Foram atendidos no Hospital Veterinário da Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia da Unesp - Campus de Botucatu, 11 animais (oito cães e três gatos, com alterações oftálmicas unilaterais graves que levaram à perda total da função ocular (protrusão de globo com injúria nervosa e estrutural, perfurações de córnea com perda de conteúdo intra-ocular e endoftalmites, entre outras. Os animais, com idades entre dois meses e 10 anos, foram submetidos à evisceração e posterior inclusão de esfera de resina acrílica (metilmetacrilato na capa córneo-escleral ou escleral. As esferas foram previamente confeccionadas e esterilizadas por autoclavagem. No pós-operatório foram utilizados antiinflamatórios e antibioticoterapia tópica combinada ou não a sistêmica. O período de observação variou de 2 meses a 3 anos e os aspectos avaliados foram secreção ocular, blefarospasmo, sinais de desconforto e estética. Obtiveram-se resultados satisfatórios em oito casos. Concluiu-se que a resina acrílica pode ser uma alternativa para uso como inclusão em cavidade anoftálmica.Eleven animals (eight dogs and three cats, aged between two months and ten years were referred to the Veterinary Hospital of Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science - Unesp, Botucatu, Brazil. These animals presented severe unilateral ophthalmic changes that lead to a total loss of ocular function, such as prolapsed eyes with nervous and structural injury, corneal damage with loss of intraocular contents or endophthalmitis among others. They were submitted to evisceration followed by the insertion of an acrylic resin prosthesis (methylmethacrylate in the corneoscleral or scleral shell. The spheres were previously made and sterilized by autoclave. The postoperative medical therapy included topical and systemic broad-spectrum antibiotics for seven days and anti-inflammatory drugs. The follow-up time varied from two months to three years. The evaluated

Desenvolvimento de software oftalmológico para computação móvel Development of ophthalmologic software for handheld devices

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Gustavo Teixeira Grottone

2006-08-01

Full Text Available INTRODUÇÃO: As fórmulas para cálculo de lentes intra-oculares sofreram grande evolução desde os primórdios das fórmulas teóricas de Fyodorov. Dentre as fórmulas de segunda geração, a fórmula SRK-I era de cálculo relativamente simples, levando em conta um cálculo direto que envolvia somente o diâmetro ântero-posterior, constante da lente e ceratometria média. Com a evolução das fórmulas, os cálculos ficaram cada vez mais complexos sendo inviável a reconfiguração dos parâmetros em situações emergenciais. Desta maneira a produção e desenvolvimento de programa para tal fim, pode ajudar de forma significante os cirurgiões que num momento de necessidade precisem de um cálculo com novos valores de variáveis. OBJETIVO: Idealizar, desenvolver e testar um programa nacional de distribuição gratuita para o cálculo do poder dióptrico de lentes intra-oculares (LIO para computadores de mão. MÉTODOS: Para o desenvolvimento e programação de dispositivos móveis objetivando o cálculo de lentes intra-oculares, foi utilizado o compilador PocketC. Foram adotados como padrão-ouro os resultados do modo de biometria do aparelho de ultra-sonografia ocular Ultrascan (Alcon Labs, USA - Forthworth e comparados com os resultados do programa em estudo. Desta forma, os dados foram armazenados em um grupo derivado dos resultados do Ultrascan (grupo ULTRASCAN e outro derivado dos resultados do programa em avaliação (grupo PROGRAMA. Foram simuladas, no programa estudado, as variáveis correspondentes às utilizadas no grupo ULTRASCAN, para o cálculo das LIOs de 100 pacientes fictícios com a fórmula SRK/T. RESULTADOS: Utilizando o teste de Wilcoxon para postos assinalados, foi demonstrado que os grupos não diferiam (p=0,314. Dos 100 parâmetros testados, tivemos variação na amostra do Ultrascan entre 11,82D e 27,97D. Dentro da amostra do programa testado a variação foi praticamente semelhante (11,83D-27,98D. A média da amostra

Does multifocal papillary micro-carcinoma require radioiodine ablation?

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Punda, A.; Markovic, V.; Eterovic, D.

2015-01-01

Full text of publication follows. Background: the thyroid carcinomas smaller than 1 cm (micro-carcinomas) comprise a significant fraction of papillary carcinomas. Excluding clinical micro-carcinomas, which present as metastatic disease, the micro-carcinomas diagnosed by ultrasound/FNAC or incidentally have very good prognosis. However, whether or not these papillary micro-carcinomas require post-surgical radioiodine ablation remains a matter of debate. Hypothesis: multi-focality is present in majority of clinical papillary micro-carcinomas and this characteristic can be used to identify the subset of non-clinical micro-carcinomas with greater malignant potential. Methods: the data on types of differentiated thyroid carcinomas diagnosed in the period 2008-2011 in the University Hospital Split were collected. Results: there were 359 patients with thyroid carcinoma, 329 (92%) of which had papillary carcinoma. About 61% (202/329) of papillary carcinomas were micro-carcinomas; most of them were diagnosed by ultrasound/FNAC (134/202= 66%), the rest were incidentalomas (48/202=24%) and clinical micro carcinomas (20/202=10%). Sixty percent (12/20) of patients with clinical micro-carcinoma and 23 patients with non-clinical micro-carcinoma (23/182=13%) had multifocal disease. Conclusion: multifocal disease is a frequent characteristic of clinical papillary thyroid micro-carcinomas, suggesting that multi-focality presents an early stage of non-clinical micro-carcinomas with more aggressive behaviour. Thus multifocal, but not uni-focal papillary micro-carcinomas may require radioiodine ablation. (authors)

Comparison of visual function and patient satisfaction with AcrySof ReSTORSN6AD1 multifocal intraocular compared to monofocal intraocular lenses 5

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Aisa S Alchinova

2016-12-01

Full Text Available Aim. To compare visual function and satisfaction in patients after implantation of AcrySof ReSTOR SN6AD1 multifocal intraocular lens (IOL, AcrySof SA60AТ spherical monofocal IOL, or Akreos АО aspheric monofocal IOL during cataract surgery. Materials. Overall, 34 patients received SN6AD1 multifocal (group 1, 48 eyes, 19 patients received Akreos АО monofocal aspheric (group 2, 30 eyes, and 13 patients received AcrySof SA60AТ monofocal spherical (group 3, 18 eyes IOL. Patients with multifocal IOL were closely matched for age, sex, and ocular findings with patients who had monofocal IOL implantation. Six months postoperatively, uncorrected/corrected distance visual acuity (UDVA/CDVA, uncorrected intermediate (60 cm and near (35 cm visual acuity (UNVA, defocus curve, contrast sensitivity, and a quality-of-life questionnaire were evaluated. Furthermore, independence from glasses and presence of optical phenomena were assessed. Results. Patients in group 2 had statistically significant increase in UDVA than that in group 1 (p = 0.037. There was no significant difference in the mean uncorrected intermediate and best corrected distance visual acuities between the groups. UNVA was better in group 1 than that in groups 2 and 3 (p < 0.0001. Photopic contrast sensitivity for high spatial frequencies was better in groups 2 and 3. Glare was reported in 5.9% of patients in group 1. Halos occurred in 32.4% of patients in group 1. No one reported undesirable visual symptoms in groups 2 and 3. Conclusion. Multifocal IOLs provided higher spectacle independence and satisfactory functional vision over a broad range of distances but were associated with increased subjective visual symptoms and reduced photopic contrast sensitivity for high spatial frequencies and distance visual quality compared with monofocal IOLs.

Intra-ocular pressure-lowering effects of a Rho kinase inhibitor, ripasudil (K-115), over 24 hours in primary open-angle glaucoma and ocular hypertension: a randomized, open-label, crossover study.

Science.gov (United States)

Tanihara, Hidenobu; Inoue, Toshihiro; Yamamoto, Tetsuya; Kuwayama, Yasuaki; Abe, Haruki; Suganami, Hideki; Araie, Makoto

2015-06-01

To investigate the intra-ocular pressure (IOP)-lowering effects of a selective Rho kinase inhibitor, ripasudil (K-115), over 24 hr in patients with primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) or ocular hypertension (OHT). In this multicenter, prospective, randomized, open-label, 3-period, Latin-square crossover clinical study, 28 patients with POAG or OHT whose IOP level was 21 mmHg or higher were subdivided into three groups. Each patient was treated with placebo and ripasudil in concentrations of 0.2 and 0.4%, at 9:00 and 21:00 on day 1 through a total of 3 periods separated by washout periods. IOP was measured at 9:00, 10:00, 11:00, 13:00, 16:00, 19:00, 21:00, 22:00 and 23:00 on day 1, and 1:00, 4:00, 7:00 and 9:00 on day 2 in sitting position using Goldmann applanation tonometer. Main outcome measure was the IOP reduction of placebo and ripasudil from baseline. The mean IOP reduction was -5.2 mmHg for 0.2%, -6.4 mmHg for 0.4% and -2.0 mmHg for placebo at 2 hr after the first instillation. Also, the corresponding values were -6.8 mmHg for 0.2%, -7.3 mmHg for 0.4% and -4.1 mmHg for placebo at 2 hr after the second instillation. Statistically significant IOP reduction, compared with placebo, was found for both 0.2 and 0.4% from 1 through 7 hr after each instillation. In safety, conjunctival hyperaemia was observed in 22 patients (79%) for 0.2%, 27 patients (96%) for 0.4% and three patients (11%) for placebo. Ripasudil is a promising new topical medication to lower IOP for at least 7 hr after instillations in patients with POAG or OHT. © 2014 Acta Ophthalmologica Scandinavica Foundation. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.

Intra-abdominal fungal pseudomycetoma in two cats.

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Bianchi, Matheus V; Laisse, Cláudio J M; Vargas, Thainã P; Wouters, Flademir; Boabaid, Fabiana M; Pavarini, Saulo P; Ferreiro, Laerte; Driemeier, David

Pseudomycetomas are deep cutaneous to subcutaneous lesions caused by Microsporum canis mainly described in Persian cats, with few reports of intra-abdominal location. This report describes the clinical signs and lesions of intra-abdominal pseudomycetomas caused by M. canis in two Persian cats. Two Persian cats with a history of previous laparotomy (ovariohysterectomy and nephrostomy) and fecal impaction were examined. Cat #1 was euthanized and subjected to necropsy, histopathology and mycological evaluation. Cat #2 presented with chronic dermatophytosis, and an intra-abdominal mass, that was subjected to histopathology evaluation. Cat #1 presented at necropsy a white-grayish, firm mass (6cm×3.5cm×2.8cm) in the uterine cervix. Cat #2 presented a firm whitish mass (6.5cm×1.5cm×0.5cm) located close to the left kidney. Histologically, both masses contained multifocal granules with hyphae and spores surrounded by Splendore-Hoeppli reaction, with a pyogranulomatous inflammatory infiltrate and fibrous connective tissue proliferation in the periphery. Hyphae and spores exhibited marked Grocott and periodic acid-Schiff staining. M. canis was identified by fungal isolation in cat #1. Pseudomycetoma should be considered as a differential diagnosis in cats, especially in Persian cats presenting with an intra-abdominal mass. Entrance of the agent into the cavity can occur during laparotomy. Copyright © 2016 Asociación Española de Micología. Publicado por Elsevier España, S.L.U. All rights reserved.

Lente de contato de material híbrido em pacientes com ceratocone e astigmatismo miópico composto Hybrid material contact lens in keratoconus and myopic astigmatism patients

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Fernando Leal

2007-03-01

Full Text Available OBJETIVOS: Avaliar o desempenho visual e o conforto de lentes de contato de material híbrido, quanto ao apresentado por pacientes portadores de ceratocone e astigmatismo miópico composto, e comparar com a lente de contato rígida-gás-permeável nos dois grupos de pacientes. MÉTODOS: Foram submetidos à adaptação com lentes de contato 22 pacientes, sendo 8 portadores de astigmatismo miópico composto e 14 com diagnóstico de ceratocone. Entre os pacientes, 7 eram do sexo masculino e 15 do feminino, com idade média de 32,13 anos ± 8,12. Cada paciente recebeu uma lente de contato de material híbrido e, no contralateral, uma lente rígida-gás-permeável. A escolha da lente a ser adaptada no olho direito ou esquerdo foi feita aleatoriamente, sendo o trabalho duplo-mascarado. Os pacientes foram submetidos aos seguintes exames: medida do conforto por meio da escala visual analógica, tempo de ruptura do filme lacrimal, acuidade visual pela escala de Bailey-Lovie adaptada para quatro metros, sensibilidade ao contraste pelo "functional acuity contrast test" e análise das aberrações oculares pela análise de frentes de onda. RESULTADOS: Com relação ao conforto não houve associação com o tipo de lente (p=0,350. Houve variação no conforto referido ao longo do tempo até 7 dias (p=0,001, estabilizando-se após este período. A medida da acuidade visual sofreu aumento entre a adaptação e a medida obtida aos 7 dias, bem como desta para a medida de 15 dias, estabilizando-se então. A acuidade visual não apresentou diferenças com relação ao tipo de lente estudada. Verificou-se que não houve diferença no tempo de ruptura do filme lacrimal (p=0,989 com relação aos tipos de lentes, porém houve diminuição deste (p=0,001 quando comparadas as medidas antes do início do uso das lentes e com dois meses de uso. Os tipos de lentes não revelaram associação com a sensibilidade ao contraste e não diferiram das medidas feitas com o uso de

Ocular Hypertension

Science.gov (United States)

... Español Eye Health / Eye Health A-Z Ocular Hypertension Sections What Is Ocular Hypertension? Ocular Hypertension Causes ... Hypertension Diagnosis Ocular Hypertension Treatment What Is Ocular Hypertension? Leer en Español: ¿Qué es la hipertensión ocular? ...

Multifocal Epithelial Hyperplasia.

Science.gov (United States)

Agnew, Caitlin; Alexander, Sherene; Prabhu, Neeta

2017-01-15

Multifocal epithelial hyperplasia is a rare disease associated with human papilloma virus types 13 and 32. Diagnosis is based on clinical and histopathological findings, and most lesions are asymptomatic and regress spontaneously with time. The purpose of this paper is to describe a five-year-old girl who presented with multiple intraoral lesions on the buccal mucosa and tongue, which regressed spontaneously in 15 months.

Anoftalmia associada à catarata congênita: relato de caso

OpenAIRE

Santana,Alessandro; Koller,Karine; Waiswol,Mauro

2005-01-01

Apresentação de um caso de anoftalmia e catarata congênita associada a malformações sistêmicas. Paciente, 6 meses, do sexo masculino, com anoftalmia à esquerda e catarata congênita polar posterior à direita. Instituiu-se terapêutica cirúrgica por meio de aspiração do núcleo e córtex com pequena incisão sem implante de lente intra-ocular, e capsulorrexe posterior com vitrectomia. A associação entre anoftalmia e catarata congênita é condição rara em que o diagnóstico e tratamento precoces são f...

Anophthalmia and congenital cataract: case report

OpenAIRE

Santana, Alessandro; Koller, Karine; Waiswol, Mauro

2005-01-01

Apresentação de um caso de anoftalmia e catarata congênita associada a malformações sistêmicas. Paciente, 6 meses, do sexo masculino, com anoftalmia à esquerda e catarata congênita polar posterior à direita. Instituiu-se terapêutica cirúrgica por meio de aspiração do núcleo e córtex com pequena incisão sem implante de lente intra-ocular, e capsulorrexe posterior com vitrectomia. A associação entre anoftalmia e catarata congênita é condição rara em que o diagnóstico e tratamento precoces são f...

Relationship between subcutaneous blood flow and absorption of lente type insulin

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Hildebrant, P; Mehlsen, J; Birch, K

1987-01-01

To study the relationship between the absorption of intermediate acting insulin and the local subcutaneous blood flow (SBF) 8 diabetic patients were given subcutaneous injections of 125I labeled human lente type insulin and 133Xenon in the abdominal wall. External measurements of the tracer...

Perfil dos alunos usuários de lentes de contato do curso de Medicina da Universidade Estadual Paulista - UNESP - Botucatu Profile of medical students from the Universidade Estadual Paulista - UNESP - Botucatu, who wear contact lenses

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Vanessa Gonçalves Vidotti

2006-04-01

Full Text Available OBJETIVO: Analisar o perfil dos usuários de lentes de contato entre os estudantes de medicina da Faculdade de Medicina de Botucatu da Universidade Estadual Paulista - UNESP - Botucatu (SP, quanto à ametropia, à aquisição, aos cuidados e às complicações. MÉTODOS: Foi aplicado um questionário aos alunos do 1º ao 6º ano de Medicina da Faculdade de Medicina de Botucatu da Universidade Estadual Paulista - UNESP - Botucatu (SP, perfazendo um estudo analítico transversal. RESULTADOS: Foram 566 entrevistados. Destes, 155 (27,4% usavam lente de contato. Das lentes de contato usadas, 94,8% eram gelatinosas, e em 98,7% o grau era negativo. O descarte dessas lentes era mensal em 46,9% dos entrevistados e 63,9% a utilizavam, em média, 14 horas/dia. Faziam aquisição da lente de contato em óptica ou farmácia 14,1% dos estudantes. Faziam a higiene ao colocá-las e ao retirá-las dos olhos, 46,5%. As complicações referentes aos olhos vermelhos eram 51,0%; 44,5%, embaçamento; e 42,6%, sensação de corpo estranho, além de 4 estudantes relatarem "ceratite". CONCLUSÕES: A maioria dos alunos utilizava lentes hidrofílicas, descarte mensal e grau negativo. A adaptação inadequada, aquisição de lentes de contato em ópticas ou farmácias e complicações graves ocorreram, mesmo nos usuários socioculturalmente considerados diferenciados. Em vista disso, demanda a extrema necessidade de maior atenção na abordagem do tema em questão, a fim de prevenir o comprometimento visual permanente.PURPOSE: To analyze the ametropy, way of acquisition, the care and complications related to contact lens wear among medical students from Faculdade de Medicina de Botucatu da Universidade Estadual Paulista - UNESP - Botucatu (SP. METHODS: Questionnaire applied to students from the 1st to the 6th year of the Medical school of the Faculdade de Medicina de Botucatu da Universidade Estadual Paulista - UNESP - Botucatu (SP, forming an analytical cross

Refractive outcomes after multifocal intraocular lens exchange.

Science.gov (United States)

Kim, Eric J; Sajjad, Ahmar; Montes de Oca, Ildamaris; Koch, Douglas D; Wang, Li; Weikert, Mitchell P; Al-Mohtaseb, Zaina N

2017-06-01

To evaluate the refractive outcomes after multifocal intraocular lens (IOL) exchange. Cullen Eye Institute, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA. Retrospective case series. Patients had multifocal IOL explantation followed by IOL implantation. Outcome measures included type of IOL, surgical indication, corrected distance visual acuity (CDVA), and refractive prediction error. The study comprised 29 patients (35 eyes). The types of IOLs implanted after multifocal IOL explantation included in-the-bag IOLs (74%), iris-sutured IOLs (6%), sulcus-fixated IOLs with optic capture (9%), sulcus-fixated IOLs without optic capture (9%), and anterior chamber IOLs (3%). The surgical indication for exchange included blurred vision (60%), photic phenomena (57%), photophobia (9%), loss of contrast sensitivity (3%), and multiple complaints (29%). The CDVA was 20/40 or better in 94% of eyes before the exchange and 100% of eyes after the exchange (P = .12). The mean refractive prediction error significantly decreased from 0.22 ± 0.81 diopter (D) before the exchange to -0.09 ± 0.53 D after the exchange (P exchange to 0.23 D after the exchange (P exchange can be performed safely with good visual outcomes using different types of IOLs. A lower refractive prediction error and a higher likelihood of 20/40 or better vision can be achieved with the implantation of the second IOL compared with the original multifocal IOL, regardless of the final IOL position. Copyright © 2017 ASCRS and ESCRS. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Variação da acuidade visual em pacientes jovens com ectopia lentis submetidos à cirurgia Variation of visual acuity in young patients with ectopia lentis submitted to surgery

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Mauro Waiswol

2005-08-01

Full Text Available OBJETIVOS:Avaliar os resultados quanto à acuidade visual, de dois procedimentos cirúrgicos para a ectopia lentis. MÉTODOS: Foram operados 51 olhos de 28 pacientes (16 do sexo masculino e 12 do feminino, com média de idade de 16,00±8,5 anos com ectopia lentis simples (19 casos, ou associada à síndrome de Marfan (nove casos, com diferentes graus de subluxação cristaliniana. Em 21 casos a técnica empregada foi a facectomia com implante de lente intra-ocular (LIO por fixação escleral e em 30 casos foi utilizada a facectomia com implante da lente intra-ocular no saco capsular, previamente expandido por anel endocapsular (ANEL. Os resultados enfatizaram a acuidade visual pré e pós-operatória em seguimento de seis meses. RESULTADOS:Em ambas as técnicas, a acuidade visual pós-operatória sem e com correção teve aumento significante, que foi maior nos casos operados com fixação escleral da lente intra-ocular. Mais do que a técnica empregada, os graus de subluxação pré-operatórios foram determinantes para os resultados. CONCLUSÕES: Mediante as técnicas operatórias apresentadas, a correção cirúrgica da ectopia lentis simples ou associada à síndrome de Marfan é segura e eficaz, com recuperação significante da acuidade visual, embora os resultados operatórios dependam, intrinsecamente, dos graus pré-operatórios de subluxação do cristalino.PURPOSE: To assess the results as to visual acuity of two different surgical procedures for ectopia lentis. METHODS: Fifty-one eyes of 28 patients (16 males and 12 females, mean age 16.00± 8.5 with simple (19 cases or Marfan syndrome-associated (9 cases ectopia lentis with different levels of subluxation underwent lens extraction with implantation of intraocular lenses (IOL with scleral fixation (21 cases or by lens extraction with implantation of the intraocular lenses in the capsular bag expanded by endocapsular ring (RING (30 cases. Result analysis emphasized pre- and

Multifocal choroiditis following simultaneous hepatitis A, typhoid, and yellow fever vaccination

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Escott S

2013-02-01

Full Text Available Sarah Escott, Ahmad B Tarabishy, Frederick H DavidorfHavener Eye Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USAAbstract: The paper describes the first reported case of multifocal choroiditis following simultaneous hepatitis-A, typhoid, and yellow fever vaccinations. A 33-year-old male developed sudden onset of flashing lights and floaters in his right eye 3 weeks following hepatitis A, typhoid, and yellow fever vaccinations. Fundus examination and angiography confirmed the presence of multiple peripheral chorioretinal lesions. These lesions demonstrated characteristic morphologic changes over a period of 8 weeks which were consistent with a diagnosis of self-resolving multifocal choroiditis. Vaccine-induced intraocular inflammation has been described infrequently. We demonstrate the first case of self-resolving multifocal choroiditis following simultaneous administration of hepatitis A, yellow fever, and typhoid immunizations.Keywords: multifocal choroiditis, vaccination, hepatitis A, typhoid, yellow fever

Autorefraction versus subjective refraction in a radially asymmetric multifocal intraocular lens

NARCIS (Netherlands)

van der Linden, Jan Willem; Vrijman, Violette; Al-Saady, Rana; El-Saady, Rana; van der Meulen, Ivanka J.; Mourits, Maarten P.; Lapid-Gortzak, Ruth

2014-01-01

To evaluate whether the automated refraction (AR) correlates with subjective manifest (MR) refraction in eyes implanted with radially asymmetric multifocal intraocular lens (IOLs). This retrospective study evaluated 52 eyes (52 patients) implanted with a radially asymmetric multifocal IOL (LS-312

Multifocal hyperfunctioning thyroid carcinoma without metastases.

Science.gov (United States)

Nishida, Akiko T; Hirano, Shigeru; Asato, Ryo; Tanaka, Shinzo; Kitani, Yoshiharu; Honda, Nobumitsu; Fujiki, Nobuya; Miyata, Kouji; Fukushima, Hideyuki; Ito, Juichi

2008-09-01

Hyperthyroidism due to thyroid carcinoma is rare, and most cases are caused by hyperfunctioning metastatic thyroid carcinoma rather than primary carcinoma. Among primary hyperfunctioning thyroid carcinoma, multifocal thyroid carcinoma is exceedingly rare, with the only one case being reported in the literature. Here, we describe the case of a 62-year-old woman with multifocal functioning thyroid carcinoma. Technetium-99m (99m Tc) scintigraphic imaging showed four hot areas in the thyroid gland. Histopathological examination of all four nodules revealed papillary carcinoma, corresponding to hot areas in the 99m Tc scintigram. DNA sequencing of the thyrotropin receptor (TSH-R) gene from all nodules revealed no mutation, indicating that activation of TSH-R was unlikely in the pathophysiogenesis of hyperfunctioning thyroid carcinoma in the present case.

A rare case of a medullary, multifocal lesion in the distal radius

Science.gov (United States)

Aktas, Birol; Ozturan, Burak; Kilic, Bulent; Ozkan, Korhan

2017-01-01

In multifocal findings, the possibility of multifocal osteoid osteomas should be considered and this case helps us to be attentive for the unusual radiographical presentation of osteoid osteoma. PMID:28748099

Conservative treatment of soft tissue sarcomas of the extremities. Functional evaluation with LENT-SOMA scales and the Enneking score; Traitement conservateur des sarcomes des tissus mous des membres. Evaluation du resultat fonctionnel selon l'echelle LENT-SOMA et le score de Enneking

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Tawfiq, N.; Lagarde, P.; Thomas, L.; Kantor, G. [Institut Bergonie, Centre Regional de Lutte Contre le Cancer, Service de Radiotherapie, 33 - Bordeaux (France); Stockle, E. [Institut Bergonie, Centre Regional de Lutte Contre le Cancer, Service de Chirurgie, 33 - Bordeaux (France); Bui, B.N. [Institut Bergonie, Centre Regional de Lutte Contre le Cancer, Service d' Oncologie Medicale, 33 - Bordeaux (France)

2000-12-01

Objective. - The aim of this prospective study is the feasibility of late effects assessment by LENT-SOMA scales after conservative treatment of soft tissue sarcomas of the extremities and a comparison with the functional evaluation by the Enneking score. Patients and methods. - During the systematic follow-up consultations, a series of 32 consecutive patients was evaluated in terms of late effects by LENT SOMA scales and functional results by the Enneking score. The median time after treatment was 65 months. The treatment consisted of conservative surgery (all cases) followed by radiation therapy (29 cases), often combined with adjuvant therapy (12 concomitant radio-chemotherapy association cases out of 14). The assessment of the toxicity was retrospective for acute effects and prospective for the following late tissue damage: skin/subcutaneous tissues, muscles/soft tissues and peripheral nerves. Results. -According to the Enneking score, the global score for the overall series was high (24/30) despite four the scores zero for the psychological acceptance. According to LENT SOMA scales, a low rate of severe sequelae (grade 3-4) was observed. The occurrence of high-grade sequelae and their functional consequences were not correlated with quality of exeresis, dose of radiotherapy or use of concomitant chemotherapy. A complementarity was observed between certain factors of the Enneking score and some criteria of the LENTSOMA scales, especially of muscles/soft tissues. Conclusion. -The good quality of functional results was confirmed by the two mean scoring systems for late normal tissue damage. The routine use of LENT-SOMA seems to be more time consuming than the Enneking score (mean time of scoring: 1 3 versus five minutes). The LENT-SOMA scales are aimed at a detailed description of late toxicity and sequelae while the Enneking score provides a more global evaluation, including the psychological acceptance of treatment. The late effects assessment by the LENT

Multifocal osteosarcoma as second tumor after childhood retinoblastoma

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Potepan, P.; Laffranchi, A.; Danesini, G.M.; Spagnoli, I.; Luksch, R.; Sozzi, G.; Testi, A.; Parafioriti, A.; Giardini, R.

1999-01-01

We present a case of multifocal osteosarcoma (MFOS) arising 11.5 years after successful treatment of bilateral retinoblastoma. The clinical, imaging and pathological findings at onset, after therapy, and during follow-up are described. Fluorescent in situ hybridization did not reveal a deletion of the RB-1 retinoblastoma gene, although the presence of an inactivating mutation invisible to this method cannot be ruled out. The MFOS may have been a second multifocal tumor associated with the original retinoblastoma or a post-irradiation sarcoma with extensive metastases. (orig.)

Biomicroscopia ultra-sônica na avaliação da posição das lentes intra-oculares em uma técnica de fixação escleral Ultrasound biomicroscopy in the assessment of the intraocular lenses positioning in a transscleral fixation technique

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Raul de Camargo Vianna Filho

2000-10-01

Full Text Available Objetivo: Avaliar pela biomicrospia ultra-sônica (UBM o posicionamento, em relação ao sulco ciliar, das alças de lentes intra-oculares (LIO, em uma técnica de fixação escleral, avaliando-se também se dois pontos de fixação são suficientes para que não haja inclinação da parte óptica. Métodos: Dezesseis olhos afácicos foram submetidos a implante LIO por uma mesma técnica de fixação escleral, realizados por um mesmo cirurgião. Um mês após a cirurgia, o posicionamento das alças das LIO foram avaliados pelo UBM, assim como distâncias entre as LIO e córnea. Os resultados foram submetidos a testes estatísticos. Resultados: Das 32 alças fixadas à esclera, oito estavam localizadas no sulco ciliar e 24 fora deste. Não houve diferença estatística nas distâncias entre LIO e córnea para alças posicionadas no sulco ciliar quando comparadas àquelas localizadas fora do sulco. Isto sugere que, além da distância ao limbo que se transfixa a esclera, outros fatores devem estar associados ao posicionamento da alça no sulco ciliar. As medidas LIO -- córnea realizadas na periferia das LIO às 3, 6, 9, e 12 horas foram semelhantes, mostrando que dois pontos de fixação são suficientes para que a LIO não fique inclinada. Conclusões: Outros fatores (por exemplo o ângulo de abertura do corpo ciliar, além da distância ao limbo na qual se transfixa a esclera, são importantes para o posicionamento das alças no sulco ciliar. Dois pontos de fixação são suficientes para que a LIO não apresente inclinação dentro do olho.Purpose: To assess, through ultrasound biomicroscopy (UBM, the positioning of the intraocular lenses (IOL haptics as related to the ciliary sulcus by using a scleral fixation technique; and to evaluate, as well, if two fixation points are sufficient to avoid tilting of the lenses. Methods: Sixteen aphakic eyes underwent an IOL implan-tation by means of the same scleral fixation technique, performed by the

Scleral fixation of a single-piece multifocal intraocular lens.

Science.gov (United States)

Can, Ertugrul; Basaran, M Resat; Gül, Adem

2013-01-01

We describe an ab interno technique for injector implantation of a one-piece multifocal intraocular lens (IOL). Transscleral fixation of multifocal posterior chamber IOL implantation using an injector with ab interno technique was performed in an eye of a 9-year-old girl who had undergone pars plana lensectomy 2 years before for bilateral lens subluxation with unknown etiology. No major complications were encountered during a 3-month follow-up of the patient and excellent centration was observed during the follow-up period. Her preoperative best spectacle-corrected distance visual acuity of 20/32 improved to uncorrected distance visual acuity of 20/25. Closed-loop design of IOL served the function of eyelets and position of the IOL was provided using only a 2-point fixation. Intraoperative position adjustment of the IOL provided an excellent centralization of multifocal IOL.

A multifocal collimator with circularly distributed focal points for SPECT imaging

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Guillemaud, R.; Grangeat, P.

1994-01-01

The authors propose a new circular multifocal collimator which has multiple axial focal points distributed on a transverse circle. This distribution provides a strong focusing at the center of the detector like a cone-beam collimator, with a good sensitivity, and a weak transverse focusing at the periphery, to ensure acquisition of sufficient data, in order to prevent truncation artifacts. For a circular acquisition trajectory, each projection set of the multifocal geometry is equivalent to a virtual cone-beam projection set with a larger detector. Due to this equivalence, the authors derive a first solution for an analytical multifocal reconstruction algorithm: to rebin the projection set from multifocal to cone-beam geometry, then to use a 3D cone-beam reconstruction algorithm. The authors propose to use the Grangeat algorithm in order to deal with a large cone-beam aperture. Finally, the authors present results on simulated data for heart phantom, for a Defrise phantom and for a MTF study. The conclusion is that, from a multifocal projection set, objects are reconstructed without truncation artifacts, with a good precision at their center and with a loss of resolution at the periphery. In addition, the 3D cone-beam artifacts are reduced with the use of the Grangeat algorithm for the reconstruction step

Conservative treatment of soft tissue sarcomas of the extremities. Functional evaluation with LENT-SOMA scales and the Enneking score

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Tawfiq, N.; Lagarde, P.; Thomas, L.; Kantor, G.; Stockle, E.; Bui, B.N.

2000-01-01

Objective. - The aim of this prospective study is the feasibility of late effects assessment by LENT-SOMA scales after conservative treatment of soft tissue sarcomas of the extremities and a comparison with the functional evaluation by the Enneking score. Patients and methods. - During the systematic follow-up consultations, a series of 32 consecutive patients was evaluated in terms of late effects by LENT SOMA scales and functional results by the Enneking score. The median time after treatment was 65 months. The treatment consisted of conservative surgery (all cases) followed by radiation therapy (29 cases), often combined with adjuvant therapy (12 concomitant radio-chemotherapy association cases out of 14). The assessment of the toxicity was retrospective for acute effects and prospective for the following late tissue damage: skin/subcutaneous tissues, muscles/soft tissues and peripheral nerves. Results. -According to the Enneking score, the global score for the overall series was high (24/30) despite four the scores zero for the psychological acceptance. According to LENT SOMA scales, a low rate of severe sequelae (grade 3-4) was observed. The occurrence of high-grade sequelae and their functional consequences were not correlated with quality of exeresis, dose of radiotherapy or use of concomitant chemotherapy. A complementarity was observed between certain factors of the Enneking score and some criteria of the LENTSOMA scales, especially of muscles/soft tissues. Conclusion. -The good quality of functional results was confirmed by the two mean scoring systems for late normal tissue damage. The routine use of LENT-SOMA seems to be more time consuming than the Enneking score (mean time of scoring: 1 3 versus five minutes). The LENT-SOMA scales are aimed at a detailed description of late toxicity and sequelae while the Enneking score provides a more global evaluation, including the psychological acceptance of treatment. The late effects assessment by the LENT

Infiltrados corneales asociados al uso de lentes de contacto Corneal infiltrates associated with contact lens wear

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Vivian Padrón Álvarez

2001-12-01

Full Text Available Se estudiaron 15 pacientes que usan lentes de contacto rígidas, permeables al gas (LCRPG y lentes de contacto blandas (LCB que presentaron infiltrados corneales. Se realizó estudio microbiológico de las lesiones y seguimiento clínico de estos casos. En 3 de los casos estudiados el cultivo fue positivo a estafilococo aureus, el resto de los estudios microbiológicos fueron negativos. Todos los pacientes respondieron rápidamente al retirar la lente de contacto y al tratamiento con antibióticos tópicos y ninguno tuvo afectación permanente de la agudeza visual. El diagnóstico exacto y el manejo apropiado de los infiltrados corneales en pacientes que usan lentes de contacto es de gran importancia por la posibilidad de infección o de secuela visual permanente.15 patients wearing gas permeable rigid contact lenses (GPRCL and soft contanct lenses (SCL that presented corneal infiltrates were studied. A microbiological study of the injuries and a clinical follow-up of these cases were conducted. In 3 of the studied cases the culture was positive to Staphyloccocus aureus. The rest of the mircobiological studies were negative. All the patients responded rapidly to the contact lens removal and to the treatment with topical antibiotics. None of them had permanent affection of visual acuity. The accurate diagnosis and the appropiate management of the corneal infiltrates in patients wearing contact lenses is very important due to the possibility of infection or of permanent visual sequela.

Improvement of the classification accuracy in discriminating diabetic retinopathy by multifocal electroretinogram analysis

Institute of Scientific and Technical Information of China (English)

无

2007-01-01

The multifocal electroretinogram (mfERG) is a newly developed electrophysiological technique. In this paper, a classification method is proposed for early diagnosis of the diabetic retinopathy using mfERG data. MfERG records were obtained from eyes of healthy individuals and patients with diabetes at different stages. For each mfERG record, 103 local responses were extracted. Amplitude value of each point on all the mfERG local responses was looked as one potential feature to classify the experimental subjects. Feature subsets were selected from the feature space by comparing the inter-intra distance. Based on the selected feature subset, Fisher's linear classifiers were trained. And the final classification decision of the record was made by voting all the classifiers' outputs. Applying the method to classify all experimental subjects, very low error rates were achieved. Some crucial properties of the diabetic retinopathy classification method are also discussed.

An Unusual Case of Unilateral Multifocal Choroiditis in a Young Male

African Journals Online (AJOL)

Multifocal choroiditis is a vision‑threatening disease causing inflammation at the level of retinal pigment epithelium and outer retina. We present a unique case of unilateral multifocal choroiditis in a young nonmyopic male and its subsequent course. The patient developed visual loss due to the sub‑retinal neovascular ...

Extended depth of focus contact lenses vs. two commercial multifocals: Part 1. Optical performance evaluation via computed through-focus retinal image quality metrics.

Science.gov (United States)

Bakaraju, Ravi C; Ehrmann, Klaus; Ho, Arthur

To compare the computed optical performance of prototype lenses designed using deliberate manipulation of higher-order spherical aberrations to extend depth-of-focus (EDOF) with two commercial multifocals. Emmetropic, presbyopic, schematic eyes were coupled with prototype EDOF and commercial multifocal lenses (Acuvue Oasys for presbyopia, AOP, Johnson & Johnson & Air Optix Aqua multifocal, AOMF, Alcon). For each test configuration, the through-focus retinal image quality (TFRIQ) values were computed over 21 vergences, ranging from -0.50 to 2.00D, in 0.125D steps. Analysis was performed considering eyes with three different inherent aberration profiles: five different pupils and five different lens decentration levels. Except the LOW design, the AOP lenses offered 'bifocal' like TFRIQ performance. Lens performance was relatively independent to pupil and aberrations but not centration. Contrastingly, AOMF demonstrated distance centric performance, most dominant in LOW followed by MED and HIGH designs. AOMF lenses were the most sensitive to pupil, aberrations and centration. The prototypes demonstrated a 'lift-off' in the TFRIQ performance, particularly at intermediate and near, without trading performance at distance. When compared with AOP and AOMF, EDOF lenses demonstrated reduced sensitivity to pupil, aberrations and centration. With the through focus retinal image quality as the gauge of optical performance, we demonstrated that the prototype EDOF designs were less susceptible to variations in pupil, inherent ocular aberrations and decentration, compared to the commercial designs. To ascertain whether these incremental improvements translate to a clinically palpable outcome requires investigation through human trials. Copyright © 2017 Spanish General Council of Optometry. Published by Elsevier España, S.L.U. All rights reserved.

[Multifocal Electroretinography in Patients with Poppers Maculopathy].

Science.gov (United States)

Pahlitzsch, Milena; Salchow, Daniel; Rossel, Mirjam; Bergholz, Richard

2017-10-12

Background Maculopathy is a potential side effect of amyl nitrite or "poppers" abuse. It is characterized by a sudden, painless decrease in visual acuity. While the funduscopic changes are subtle, optical coherence tomography shows alterations of the outer retinal layers in the fovea. However, the extent of retinal dysfunction remains poorly understood. Materials/Methods We compared the multifocal electroretinogram of 6 patients with poppers maculopathy to that of a control group consisting of 6 healthy subjects. Response densities and implicit times of N1 and P1 were analyzed. Results Response densities and implicit times of both N1 and P1 were lower in the patients with poppers maculopathy than in the control group, particularly in ring 1 and rings 4 and 5. The only statistically significant finding, however, was a reduced N1 response density of one hexagon in the patient group. No significant differences were found considering the sum response or the averaged rings 1 to 5. Conclusion Compared to a healthy control group, the multifocal electroretinogram of patients with poppers maculopathy shows no relevant impairment. This contrasts the marked effect of the disease on visual acuity. In clinical practice, poppers maculopathy cannot be diagnosed by multifocal electroretinography. Georg Thieme Verlag KG Stuttgart · New York.

Multifocal, chronic osteomyelitis of unknown etiology

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Kozlowski, K.; Beluffi, G.; Feltham, C.; James, M.; Nespoli, L.; Tamaela, L.; Pavia Univ.; Municipal Hospital, Nelson; Medical School, Jakarta

1985-01-01

Four cases of multifocal osteomyelitis of unknown origin in childhood are reported. The variable clinical and radiographic appearances of the disease are illustrated and the diagnostic difficulties in the early stages of the disease are stressed. (orig.) [de

Patterns of ocular trauma

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Babar, T.F.; Khan, M.T.; Marwat, M.; Shah, A.; Murad, Y.; Khan, M.D.

2007-01-01

To describe the patterns of ocular trauma, cause of injury and its effects on eye. A retrospective case series. Medical records of 1105 patients admitted with ocular trauma were reviewed. The details of patients regarding age, gender, literacy, cause of injury and its effects on eye were entered into specially-designed performa. Sample selection consisted of all patients with history of ocular trauma and who were admitted to hospital. Population details consisted patients who were referred to the hospital from all parts of N.W.F.P. Thus, the frequency of trauma in the hospital admissions was analysed. Ophthalmic trauma comprised 6.78% of the hospital admission. One thousand one hundred and five patients presented with eye injuries. Out of them, 21 patients suffered from trauma to both eyes. Almost 80% patients were male and 69% patients were below 30 years of age. Delayed presentation was more common and 63.61% patients presented after one week. Open globe injuries were more common (520 eyes (46.18%)) than closed globe injuries (484 eyes (42.98%)). 23.26% of open globe injuries were associated with intraocular and intra-orbital foreign bodies. Superficial non-perforating, eyelid and adnexal and burns were seen in 122 eyes (10.83%). Among the complications, lens damage and hyphema was seen in more than 50% of the patients, 16.60% eyes were infected at the time of admission and 4.88% of eyes needed enucleation or evisceration. The common causes of injury were violence in 37.37%, occupational in 24.43% and domestic accidents in 19.18%. Ophthalmic trauma is a major public health problem. Majority of the involved are male and under 30 years of age. Delayed presentation is more common. Open globe injuries are more frequent. Violence and occupational injuries are the major causes. (author)

Guía Clínica para la Adaptación de Lentes de Contacto Multifocales Tóricas Hidrofílicas

OpenAIRE

García Valencia, Lidia

2015-01-01

Elaboración de una guía clínica para la adaptación de lentes de contacto multifocales tóricas, basada en la bibliografía existente sobre ese tipo de lentes de contacto y un caso clínico utilizado para faciltar su comprensión. Grado en Óptica y Optometría

Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy in transplant recipients

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Mateen, Farrah J.; Muralidharan, RajaNandini; Carone, Marco; van de Beek, Diederik; Harrison, Daniel M.; Aksamit, Allen J.; Gould, Mary S.; Clifford, David B.; Nath, Avindra

2011-01-01

Transplant recipients are at risk of developing progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML), a rare demyelinating disorder caused by oligodendrocyte destruction by JC virus. Reports of PML following transplantation were found using PubMed Entrez (1958-July 2010). A multicenter, retrospective

Monilapsisten perheiden lentäen tapahtuvat valmismatkat ulkomaille

OpenAIRE

Argillander, Rita

2015-01-01

Tässä opinnäytetyössä pyrittiin selvittämään ulkomaille lentäen matkuste-levien monilapsisten perheiden valmismatkan sisältöä sekä osto- ja valin-taprosessiin vaikuttavia tekijöitä. Työssä kartoitettiin mitä monilapsiset perheet arvostavat ja tarvitsevat viihtyäkseen valmismatkalla. Työn tarkoi-tus oli auttaa matkantarjoaja Apollomatkoja kehittämään vanhoja ja tuot-tamaan uusia palveluja monilapsisten perheiden toiveiden mukaan. Työssä käsiteltiin lisäksi mitä tekijöitä lapsiperheiden itse tu...

Foot clearance and variability in mono- and multifocal intraocular lens users during stair navigation.

Science.gov (United States)

Renz, Erik; Hackney, Madeleine; Hall, Courtney

2016-01-01

Intraocular lenses (IOLs) provide distance and near refraction and are becoming the standard for cataract surgery. Multifocal glasses increase variability of toe clearance in older adults navigating stairs and increase fall risk; however, little is known about the biomechanics of stair navigation in individuals with multifocal IOLs. This study compared clearance while ascending and descending stairs in individuals with monofocal versus multifocal IOLs. Eight participants with multifocal IOLs (4 men, 4 women; mean age = 66.5 yr, standard deviation [SD] = 6.26) and fifteen male participants with monofocal IOLs (mean age = 69.9 yr, SD = 6.9) underwent vision and mobility testing. Motion analysis recorded kinematic and custom software-calculated clearances in three-dimensional space. No significant differences were found between groups on minimum clearance or variability. Clearance differed for ascending versus descending stairs: the first step onto the stair had the greatest toe clearance during ascent, whereas the final step to the floor had the greatest heel clearance during descent. This preliminary study indicates that multifocal IOLs have similar biomechanic characteristics to monofocal IOLs. Given that step characteristics are related to fall risk, we can tentatively speculate that multifocal IOLs may carry no additional fall risk.

Clinical observation on treatment of Meibomian gland before IntraLase LASIK in patients with Meibomian gland dysfunction

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He Huang

2016-04-01

Full Text Available AIM:To observe the changes of ocular surface inflammation and tear film state before and after the operation after preoperative targeted therapy for Meibomian gland in the patients scheduled for IntraLase-LASIK with Meibomian gland dysfunction(MGD. METHODS: Thirty-five patients(70 eyesscheduled for IntraLase-LASIK with different degrees of MGD from March to September 2014 were enrolled in this study. All patients were randomly divided into 2 groups, 17 patients(34 eyesin the observation group accepted preoperative targeted therapy for Meibomian gland; 18 patients(36 eyesin the control group did not give the treatment for Meibomian gland, the rest treatments were the same. The change of conjunctival congestion, photophobia, dry symptom score and tear break-up time(BUTwere observed at 1d and 1wk after IntraLase-LASIK. RESULTS: At 1d and 1wk postoperatively, the scores of conjunctival congestion, photophobia, dry symptom and BUT of the observation group were all lower than those of the control group, and the differences were significant(PCONCLUSION: For the patients scheduled for IntraLase-LASIK with MGD, preoperative targeted therapy for Meibomian gland can reduce the postoperative symptoms of ocular surface irritation, stabilize the tear film, improve the postoperative effect and improve the comfort of patients.

Errors associated with IOLMaster biometry as a function of internal ocular dimensions.

Science.gov (United States)

Faria-Ribeiro, Miguel; Lopes-Ferreira, Daniela; López-Gil, Norberto; Jorge, Jorge; González-Méijome, José Manuel

2014-01-01

To evaluate the error in the estimation of axial length (AL) with the IOLMaster partial coherence interferometry (PCI) biometer and obtain a correction factor that varies as a function of AL and crystalline lens thickness (LT). Optical simulations were produced for theoretical eyes using Zemax-EE software. Thirty-three combinations including eleven different AL (from 20mm to 30mm in 1mm steps) and three different LT (3.6mm, 4.2mm and 4.8mm) were used. Errors were obtained comparing the AL measured for a constant equivalent refractive index of 1.3549 and for the actual combinations of indices and intra-ocular dimensions of LT and AL in each model eye. In the range from 20mm to 30mm AL and 3.6-4.8mm LT, the instrument measurements yielded an error between -0.043mm and +0.089mm. Regression analyses for the three LT condition were combined in order to derive a correction factor as a function of the instrument measured AL for each combination of AL and LT in the theoretical eye. The assumption of a single "average" refractive index in the estimation of AL by the IOLMaster PCI biometer only induces very small errors in a wide range of combinations of ocular dimensions. Even so, the accurate estimation of those errors may help to improve accuracy of intra-ocular lens calculations through exact ray tracing, particularly in longer eyes and eyes with thicker or thinner crystalline lenses. Copyright © 2013 Spanish General Council of Optometry. Published by Elsevier Espana. All rights reserved.

Application of diffractive aspheric multifocal intraocular lens in the Uighur in phacoemulsification

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Nuersimanguli·Mijiti

2016-05-01

Full Text Available AIM:To research the efficacy and safety of diffractive aspheric multifocal intraocular lens(MIOLin the Uighur in phacoemulsification to provide guidance for the clinical treatment of cataracts patients in Xinjiang region. METHODS:Two hundred and twenty-eight Uygur patients(280 eyesreceived phacoemulsification from April 2012 to March 2013 were randomly divided into multifocal group(106 cases with 146 eyesand monofocal group(122 cases with 134 eyes. Patients were followed up for 3mo. The intraocular pressure(IOP, uncorrected distance visual acuity, uncorrected near vision, best-corrected distance visual acuity and best corrected near vision were measured. The delensed rate, visual quality, and satisfaction for lenses in the form of questionnaires were compared. RESULTS:Multifocal group was better on the uncorrected near vision than monofocal group(PP>0.05. The contrast sensitivity of multifocal group under scotopia at spatial frequency 3c/d was lower than that of monofocal group(PP>0.05. Delensed rate of multifocal group was higher than that of monofocal group(PP>0.05.CONCLUSION:MIOL with phacoemulsification can provide patient good full range vision, especially on good near vision. The patients with MIOL implanted have a higher delensed rate, less postoperative adverse symptoms, quicker recovery and satisfaction.

Bioptics in sutureless intrascleral multifocal posterior chamber intraocular lens fixation.

Science.gov (United States)

Pavlidis, Mitrofanis; de Ortueta, Diego; Scharioth, Gabor B

2011-05-01

To present a technique for sutureless fixation of a three-piece, multifocal, posterior chamber intraocular lens (IOL) in the ciliary sulcus. A 24-year-old woman presented with bilateral subluxation of the crystalline lens. Two straight sclerotomies were prepared with a 24-gauge cannula 2.0 mm from the limbus 180° apart from each other. The cannula was used to create a 2.0- to 3.0-mm tunnel parallel to the limbus starting from the sclerotomies. The leading haptic of the multifocal IOL was grasped at its tip with end-gripping, 25-gauge forceps and pulled through the sclerotomy. The forceps was used to introduce the IOL haptic into the scleral tunnel parallel to the limbus. Multifocal posterior chamber IOLs were stable and well centered. No postoperative complications occurred in the 16-month follow-up period. Preoperative astigmatism was corrected after IOL implantation with corneal wavefront-guided laser epithelial keratomileusis. Sutureless fixation of multifocal posterior chamber IOL haptics in a scleral tunnel parallel to the limbus can be successful, resulting in long-term centration and three-dimensional axial stability for optimal refractive results. If necessary, postoperative wavefront-guided refractive correction can be performed to optimize final refraction. Copyright 2011, SLACK Incorporated.

Estudo descritivo da resposta de acuidade visual sem correção e pressão intra-ocular computadorizada de não contato em jogadores de futebol amadores e profissionais

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Emídio Valenti Tavares

1999-08-01

Full Text Available O principal objetivo deste estudo foi verificar as possíveis alterações de acuidade visual e pressão intra-ocular em jogadores de futebol. A clínica Oftalmos e Cirurgia Oftalmológica submeteu à avaliação oftalmológica 127 atletas futebolistas provenientes de várias categorias, incluindo mulheres, com idades variando de 14 a 33 anos. Todos foram submetidos a testes de acuidade visual sem correção, utilizando-se a tabela de Snellen e avaliando-se a pressão intra-ocular de não contato com um tonômetro computadorizado (modelo TX-10, Canon, EUA. Além disso, os atletas foram submetidos a exame de auto-refração, no equipamento auto-refrator (modelo R-30, Canon, EUA. Os seguintes parâmetros utilizados e os resultados encontrados foram: dos 127 atletas avaliados, 56 (44% apresentaram alterações de auto-refração, consideradas de grau mais ou menos importante em um ou ambos os olhos. No teste de acuidade visual, 3% e 2,4% dos atletas apresentaram, no OD e OE, somente 20/100 e 20/200 pés de visão, respectivamente. Em uma jogadora, foi constatada catarata puntata congênita. Os resultados da tonometria mostraram, em 5 atletas de cor negra, quadro suspeito de glaucoma (necessitando investigação mais apurada.Concluindo, o estudo comprovou a importância da oftalmologia como medida preventiva e/ou corretiva na identificação de possíveis alterações oftalmológicas em atletas futebolistas, devendo ser uma prática rotineira nesse esporte.

Taxonomy of multi-focal nematode image stacks by a CNN based image fusion approach.

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Liu, Min; Wang, Xueping; Zhang, Hongzhong

2018-03-01

In the biomedical field, digital multi-focal images are very important for documentation and communication of specimen data, because the morphological information for a transparent specimen can be captured in form of a stack of high-quality images. Given biomedical image stacks containing multi-focal images, how to efficiently extract effective features from all layers to classify the image stacks is still an open question. We present to use a deep convolutional neural network (CNN) image fusion based multilinear approach for the taxonomy of multi-focal image stacks. A deep CNN based image fusion technique is used to combine relevant information of multi-focal images within a given image stack into a single image, which is more informative and complete than any single image in the given stack. Besides, multi-focal images within a stack are fused along 3 orthogonal directions, and multiple features extracted from the fused images along different directions are combined by canonical correlation analysis (CCA). Because multi-focal image stacks represent the effect of different factors - texture, shape, different instances within the same class and different classes of objects, we embed the deep CNN based image fusion method within a multilinear framework to propose an image fusion based multilinear classifier. The experimental results on nematode multi-focal image stacks demonstrated that the deep CNN image fusion based multilinear classifier can reach a higher classification rate (95.7%) than that by the previous multilinear based approach (88.7%), even we only use the texture feature instead of the combination of texture and shape features as in the previous work. The proposed deep CNN image fusion based multilinear approach shows great potential in building an automated nematode taxonomy system for nematologists. It is effective to classify multi-focal image stacks. Copyright © 2018 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Heterogeneity of DNA methylation in multifocal prostate cancer.

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Serenaite, Inga; Daniunaite, Kristina; Jankevicius, Feliksas; Laurinavicius, Arvydas; Petroska, Donatas; Lazutka, Juozas R; Jarmalaite, Sonata

2015-01-01

Most prostate cancer (PCa) cases are multifocal, and separate foci display histological and molecular heterogeneity. DNA hypermethylation is a frequent alteration in PCa, but interfocal heterogeneity of these changes has not been extensively investigated. Ten pairs of foci from multifocal PCa and 15 benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) samples were obtained from prostatectomy specimens, resulting altogether in 35 samples. Methylation-specific PCR (MSP) was used to evaluate methylation status of nine tumor suppressor genes (TSGs), and a set of selected TSGs was quantitatively analyzed for methylation intensity by pyrosequencing. Promoter sequences of the RASSF1 and ESR1 genes were methylated in all paired PCa foci, and frequent (≥75 %) DNA methylation was detected in RARB, GSTP1, and ABCB1 genes. MSP revealed different methylation status of at least one gene in separate foci in 8 out of 10 multifocal tumors. The mean methylation level of ESR1, GSTP1, RASSF1, and RARB differed between the paired foci of all PCa cases. The intensity of DNA methylation in these TSGs was significantly higher in PCa cases than in BPH (p epigenetic profile of recurrent tumors can be inferred from our data.

Whole body MRI in the diagnosis of chronic recurrent multifocal osteomyelitis.

LENUS (Irish Health Repository)

Kennedy, M T

2012-06-01

Chronic recurrent multifocal osteomyelitis (CRMO) is a diagnosis of exclusion primarily in children and adolescents. As part of the essential criteria for the diagnosis of CRMO, multifocal lesions must be identified. We present the case of an 11-year-old boy with CRMO, whose diagnosis was facilitated by the use of whole body magnetic resonance imaging (WBMR), but not isotope bone scanning.

Multifocal necrotizing fasciitis following Hirshsprung's disease ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

Multifocal necrotizing fasciitis following Hirshsprung's disease surgery away from the surgical wound site. Ahmed A. Haseeb, Shadi Okasha and Atef Elbarawi. Necrotizing fasciitis (NF) is a life-threatening infection with rapidly progressive necrosis. Escherichia coli is rarely reported as causative agent of type 2 NF.

Prevalência de metástases oculares em pacientes com doença metastática reconhecida: resultados preliminares Prevalence of ocular metastasis in patients with known metastatic disease: preliminary results

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Zélia Maria da Silva Corrêa

2005-04-01

Full Text Available OBJETIVO: Avaliar de forma prospectiva a prevalência de metástases oculares, tumor primário mais freqüente e tecido ocular comprometido com mais freqüência pela metástase. MÉTODOS: Foram avaliados consecutivamente pacientes internados em Hospital de referência em Oncologia (HSR durante o período de janeiro 2001 a julho de 2002, portadores de neoplasia maligna e metástases sistêmicas. Todos os pacientes foram submetidos a exame oftalmológico completo incluindo oftalmoscopia binocular indireta sob midríase farmacológica usando lente de 28 dioptrias e, em casos suspeitos de neoplasia, realizados ultra-som e angiografia fluorescente. Nos casos de dúvida diagnóstica, os pacientes foram submetidos à biópsia aspirativa com agulha fina. O diagnóstico de tumor ocular metastático foi estabelecido com base nas características clínicas e no resultado dos exames complementares citados. RESULTADOS: Os 100 pacientes estudados apresentaram idades entre 17 a 87 anos, sendo 71 do sexo feminino e 29 do masculino. Houve predomínio de indivíduos brancos (n=88 nesse grupo. Vinte e um pacientes apresentaram lesões oculares sugestivas de metástase. O tumor primário que originou metástase ocular mais freqüentemente foi o câncer de mama (28,6%. Avaliando o tipo tumoral separadamente, o carcinoma de pulmão apresentou maior prevalência de metástase para o olho nesta amostra (71,5%. A coróide foi comprometida em 57% dos casos e a queixa ocular principal desses pacientes foi embaçamento ou diminuição da visão. Não houve diferença na freqüência de acometimento entre olho direito e esquerdo. CONCLUSÃO: A prevalência de metástases oculares em pacientes com neoplasia maligna e doença metastática na amostra estudada pareceu significativa. As neoplasias que provocaram metástase ocular com maior freqüência foram: carcinoma de mama e pulmão, sendo que a coróide foi comprometida com maior freqüência.PURPOSE: To evaluate, in a

OCULAR ASPECTS OF HYPERTHYROIDISM WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO OCULAR MYOPATHY

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Mallika O. U

2017-04-01

Full Text Available BACKGROUND Hyperthyroidism can result in ocular manifestations even before systemic signs and symptoms develop. It is seen more in females and severe forms are more common in males. Early detection of ocular involvement can prevent vision threatening complications and troublesome discomforts affecting quality of vision. This clinical study highlights the importance of detailed ocular examination in hyperthyroidism. MATERIALS AND METHODS Fifty consecutive patients with ocular signs of hyperthyroidism were evaluated and followed up for an average period of 1 year. Detailed ocular examination included exophthalmometric measurements, ocular movements and Worth four-dot test. T3, T4, TSH, CT scan and antimicrosomal antibodies and antithyroglobulin antibodies were done along with routine investigations. Study Design- Prospective cohort study. RESULTS Statistical analysis did not reveal any correlation between the level of serum T3 and severity of ocular findings. Majority of the cases were euthyroid with moderate ocular myopathy having multiple muscle involvement. Inferior rectus was affected most. CONCLUSION The ocular signs of hyperthyroidism in the present study seem to be mild. The severe eye changes like corneal involvement and optic nerve changes were less common.

Ocular localization of mycobacterial lesions in tank-reared juvenile cobia, Rachycentron canadum.

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Phillips, A C N; Suepaul, R; Soto, E

2017-12-01

Severe clinical mycobacteriosis with consistent ocular lesion localization was diagnosed in a population of 800 juvenile tank-reared Cobia (Rachycentron canadum) which experienced a sudden increase in mortality approximately 5 months after arriving into Trinidad and Tobago from Florida, USA. Moderate daily mortality (15-20 animals per day) persisted for just over 1 month. Moribund fish displayed circling behaviour and had an open-mouth gape upon death. Fish consistently presented with bilateral exophthalmia, corneal cloudiness and hyphema. Non-branching acid-fast rods were detected in aqueous humour touch preparations. Histological analysis revealed severe bilateral intra-ocular granulomatous responses in all specimens. Mycobacterium sp. was identified using a real-time PCR assay detecting the RNA polymerase β-subunit (rpoB) gene in different tissue samples. Specimens did not present with characteristic granulomatous responses usually seen in viscera. To the best of our knowledge, this represents only the third documentation of piscine mycobacterial infection presenting with only localized ocular lesions, and the second documented case of mycobacteriosis in cobia. It is, however, the first documentation of an ocular presentation of mycobacteriosis in a marine species and is the first documentation of such a presentation in cobia. © 2017 John Wiley & Sons Ltd.

Carbachol as miotic agent in intra-ocular lens implant surgery

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Agarwal Jitendra

1988-01-01

Full Text Available The intra cameral use of 0.025% carbachol as a miotic agent in anterior chamber intraocular lens im-plant surgery us reported in 15 cases. Carbachol produced prompt and effective moisis and was found to be harmless and non-irritating to the anterior chamber structures. A rebound dialatation of the pipit was noticed in the post operative period in 3 of our first 5 cases where only carbachol was used. For prolonged miosis instillation of a more powerful miotic like pilocarpine is recommended at the completion of surgery:

[Multifocal phakic intraocular lens implant to correct presbyopia].

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Baikoff, G; Matach, G; Fontaine, A; Ferraz, C; Spera, C

2005-03-01

Presbyopic surgery is considered as the new frontier in refractive surgery. Different solutions are proposed: myopization of one eye, insertion of an accommodative crystalline lens, scleral surgery, the effects of which are still unknown, and finally multifocal phakic implants. We therefore decided to undertake a prospective study under the Huriet law to determine its efficacy and specify the conditions required for an anterior chamber multifocal phakic implant. Fifty-five eyes of 33 patients received an anterior chamber foldable multifocal phakic implant. Twenty-one females and 12 males underwent surgery. Initial refraction was between -5D and +5D. The implant's single addition was +2.50. Recuperating a distant uncorrected visual acuity of 0.6 or better and near uncorrected vision of Parinaud 3 or better can be considered a very good postoperative result. Average follow-up was 42.6+/-18 weeks. Mean postoperative refraction was -0.12+/-0.51 D. Mean postoperative uncorrected visual acuity was 0.78+/-0.20. Postoperative uncorrected visual acuity was Parinaud 2.3+/-0.6. Eighty-four percent of eyes operated on recuperated 0.6 or better without correction and Parinaud 3 or better without correction. Lenses in four eyes were explanted for different reasons, essentially optical, and no severe anatomical complications were observed. Placing an anterior chamber multifocal phakic implant to correct presbyopia is an effective technique with good predictability and has the advantage of being reversible in case of intolerance, optical parasite effects or undesired complications. Considering the particularity of this surgery, it is imperative to respect very strict inclusion criteria: anterior chamber depth equal to or above 3.1 mm, open angle, endothelial cell count equal to or above 2000 cells/mm2, absence of an incipient cataract or the slightest evidence of macular alteration.

Retreatments after multifocal intraocular lens implantation: an analysis

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Gundersen KG

2016-03-01

Full Text Available Kjell Gunnar Gundersen,1 Sarah Makari,2 Steffen Ostenstad,1 Rick Potvin2 1Ifocus Eye Clinic, Haugesund, Norway; 2Science in Vision, Akron, NY, USA Purpose: To determine the incidence and etiology of required retreatment after multifocal intraocular lens (IOL implantation and to evaluate the methods and clinical outcomes of retreatment.Patients and methods: A retrospective chart review of 416 eyes of 209 patients from one site that underwent uncomplicated cataract surgery with multifocal IOL implantation. Biometry, the IOL, and refractive data were recorded after the original implantation, with the same data recorded after retreatment. Comments related to vision were obtained both before and after retreatment for retreated patients.Results: The multifocal retreatment rate was 10.8% (45/416 eyes. The eyes that required retreatment had significantly higher residual refractive astigmatism compared with those who did not require retreatment (1.21±0.51 D vs 0.51±0.39 D, P<0.01. The retreatment rate for the two most commonly implanted primary IOLs, blended bifocal (10.5%, 16/152 and bilateral trifocal (6.9%, 14/202 IOLs, was not statistically significantly different (P=0.12. In those requiring retreatment, refractive-related complaints were most common. Retreatment with refractive corneal surgery, in 11% of the eyes, and piggyback IOLs, in 89% of the eyes, was similarly successful, improving patient complaints 78% of the time.Conclusion: Complaints related to ametropia were the main reasons for retreatment. Residual astigmatism appears to be an important determinant of retreatment rate after multifocal IOL implantation. Retreatment can improve symptoms for a high percentage of patients; a piggyback IOL is a viable retreatment option. Keywords: piggyback IOL, Sulcoflex, toric, STAAR, symptoms, astigmatism

Diabetes mellitus y lentes de contacto Diabetes mellitus related to use of contact lenses

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Beatriz Zozaya Aldana

2009-04-01

Full Text Available Cada día aumenta el número de diabéticos diagnosticados que demandan como método de compensación para los defectos de refracción las lentes de contacto. Debido a la escasa información que se tiene sobre el tema, dedicamos nuestro trabajo a realizar una revisión sobre la relación de estos dos temas: lentes de contacto y diabetes, con el justo ánimo de brindar una atención más completa a nuestros pacientes.Every day increases the figure of diagnosed diabetic patients requiring a compensatory method for refraction defects the use of contact lenses. Due to the non-available information on this matter, this paper is aimed to make a review on relation between these two topics: contact lenses and diabetes to offer a more complete care to our patients.

Ocular Melanoma

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... is Ocular Melanoma? Leer en Español: ¿Qué es el melanoma ocular? Written By: Daniel Porter Reviewed By: Robert H Janigian Jr MD Sep. 01, 2017 Ocular melanoma (melanoma in or around the eye) is a type of cancer that develops in the cells that produce pigment. ...

Principales métodos para el cálculo de la lente intraocular después de la cirugía refractiva corneal

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Taimí Cárdenas Díaz

Full Text Available Con el surgimiento y el desarrollo de la cirugía refractiva corneal se han podido corregir quirúrgicamente a millones de pacientes con defectos refractivos. Con el cursar de los años comienza a opacarse fisiológicamente el cristalino, y disminuye la agudeza visual en estos pacientes a quienes se les modificó la curvatura corneal. Ante la necesidad de remover el cristalino y de calcular una lente intraocular de potencia adecuada para conseguir la emetropía, surge un nuevo reto a la Oftalmología. El cálculo de la lente intraocular en pacientes con cirugía refractiva corneal es mucho más complejo, pues además de tener longitudes axiales extremas, se añaden factores por la intervención previa que alteran la predictibilidad del resultado visual, con la aplicación de las fórmulas de cálculo de lente intraocular existentes. Se han descrito varios métodos que permiten determinar correctamente la potencia de la lente a implantar, dependiendo de los datos de los que se dispongan; de ahí la motivación para realizar una revisión de diferentes publicaciones con el propósito de describir los principales métodos empleados para realizar el cálculo de la lente intraocular en estos pacientes. Se utilizó la plataforma Infomed, específicamente la Biblioteca Virtual de Salud, con todos sus buscadores.

Contactin-1 and Neurofascin-155/-186 Are Not Targets of Auto-Antibodies in Multifocal Motor Neuropathy.

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Kathrin Doppler

Full Text Available Multifocal motor neuropathy is an immune mediated disease presenting with multifocal muscle weakness and conduction block. IgM auto-antibodies against the ganglioside GM1 are detectable in about 50% of the patients. Auto-antibodies against the paranodal proteins contactin-1 and neurofascin-155 and the nodal protein neurofascin-186 have been detected in subgroups of patients with chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy. Recently, auto-antibodies against neurofascin-186 and gliomedin were described in more than 60% of patients with multifocal motor neuropathy. In the current study, we aimed to validate this finding, using a combination of different assays for auto-antibody detection. In addition we intended to detect further auto-antibodies against paranodal proteins, specifically contactin-1 and neurofascin-155 in multifocal motor neuropathy patients' sera. We analyzed sera of 33 patients with well-characterized multifocal motor neuropathy for IgM or IgG anti-contactin-1, anti-neurofascin-155 or -186 antibodies using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, binding assays with transfected human embryonic kidney 293 cells and murine teased fibers. We did not detect any IgM or IgG auto-antibodies against contactin-1, neurofascin-155 or -186 in any of our multifocal motor neuropathy patients. We conclude that auto-antibodies against contactin-1, neurofascin-155 and -186 do not play a relevant role in the pathogenesis in this cohort with multifocal motor neuropathy.

Effect of multizone refractive multifocal contact lenses on standard automated perimetry.

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Madrid-Costa, David; Ruiz-Alcocer, Javier; García-Lázaro, Santiago; Albarrán-Diego, César; Ferrer-Blasco, Teresa

2012-09-01

The aim of this study was to evaluate whether the creation of 2 foci (distance and near) provided by multizone refractive multifocal contact lenses (CLs) for presbyopia correction affects the measurements on Humphreys 24-2 Swedish interactive threshold algorithm (SITA) standard automated perimetry (SAP). In this crossover study, 30 subjects were fitted in random order with either a multifocal CL or a monofocal CL. After 1 month, a Humphrey 24-2 SITA standard strategy was performed. The visual field global indices (the mean deviation [MD] and pattern standard deviation [PSD]), reliability indices, test duration, and number of depressed points deviating at P0.5% on pattern deviation probability plots were determined and compared between multifocal and monofocal CLs. Thirty eyes of 30 subjects were included in this study. There were no statistically significant differences in reliability indices or test duration. There was a statistically significant reduction in the MD with the multifocal CL compared with monfocal CL (P=0.001). Differences were not found in PSD nor in the number of depressed points deviating at P0.5% in the pattern deviation probability maps studied. The results of this study suggest that the multizone refractive lens produces a generalized depression in threshold sensitivity as measured by the Humphreys 24-2 SITA SAP.

Adaptação de lentes de contato após cirurgia refrativa Contact lens fitting after refractive surgery

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Adimara da Candelária Renesto

2005-02-01

Full Text Available OBJETIVO: Avaliar a adaptação e o uso de lente de contato em pacientes que foram submetidos à cirurgia refrativa. MÉTODOS: Foi realizado estudo retrospectivo de 53 pacientes submetidos à cirurgia refrativa, que posteriormente passaram a usar lente de contato, no período de 1999 a 2003. Foram avaliados a ametropia prévia, tipo de cirurgia realizada, refração pós-cirúrgica, equivalente esférico pós-cirurgia, ceratometria pós-operatória, curva base da lente adaptada, tipo de lente de contato adaptada, acuidade visual com óculos no pós-operatório, acuidade visual final com lente de contato, complicações e motivo da interrupção do uso. O tempo de seguimento variou de 1 mês a 84 meses (média de 42,5 meses. RESULTADOS: Dos 53 pacientes analisados, 19 pacientes foram submetidos a LASIK (Laser Assisted in Situ Keratomileusis, 29 pacientes foram submetidos à RK (ceratotomia radial, 4 pacientes foram submetidos a PRK (ceratectomia fotoablativa e em um paciente não foi possível obter o tipo de cirurgia realizado. Em 61,29% dos pacientes, (57 olhos de um total de 93, foram adaptadas lentes de contato rígidas gás-permeáveis esféricas. Houve melhora da acuidade visual em 60,21% dos casos (AV>20/40, com poucas complicações. CONCLUSÃO: Devido ao número cada vez maior de cirurgias refrativas realizadas, espera-se que aumente o número de pacientes insatisfeitos com o resultado no pós-operatório e para os quais o uso de lentes de contato venha a ser a melhor opção. A adaptação de lentes de contato pós-cirurgia refrativa exige conhecimento e dedicação e em geral tem bons resultados principalmente pela melhora da acuidade visual.PURPOSE: To evaluate the fitting and use of contact lens in patients submitted to refractive surgery. METHODS: This was a retrospective study in 53 patients submitted to refractive surgery who later started to use contact lens, from 1999 to 2003. The parameters were: previous ametropia, refractive

Blunt ocular trauma at the posterior pole in optical coherence tomography and fluorescein angiography

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Meyer, C.H.; Eter, N.; Mennel, S.; Kroll, P.

2007-01-01

Blunt ocular trauma at the posterior pole may involve a variety of retinal structures. We examined the most frequent retinal trauma (choroidal folds, commotion retinae, choroidal rupture, valsalva retinopathy, PPE-tears, Purtscher's Retinopathy etc.) by optical coherence tomography (OCT). The damaged pre-, intra- or subretinal structures were clearly visible. The OCT is during acute and chronic phases of different traumatic events an important diagnostic tool. (author) [de

Comparison of patient-reported late treatment toxicity (LENT-SOMA) with quality of life (EORTC QLQ-C30 and QLQ-H and N35) assessment after head and neck radiotherapy

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Ho, Kean Fatt; Farnell, Damien J.J.; Routledge, Jacqueline A.; Burns, Meriel P.; Sykes, Andrew J.; Slevin, Nick J.; Davidson, Susan E.

2010-01-01

Purpose: The patient's role in toxicity reporting is increasingly acknowledged but requires the adaptation and validation of toxicity reporting instruments for patient use as most toxicity scales are designed for physician use. Recording of radiotherapy related late toxicity is important and needs to be improved. A patient-scored symptom questionnaire of late treatment effects using LENT-SOMA was compared with a recognised quality of life tool (EORTC QLQ-C30/H and N35). Materials/methods: LENT-SOMA and EORTC QLQ-C30 patient questionnaires were prospectively completed by 220 head and neck cancer patients over 3 years and 72 completed EORTC QLQ-H and N35 questionnaires at 2 years post-radiotherapy. Results: Endpoints common to both questionnaires (pain, swallowing, dental pain, dry mouth, opening mouth, analgesics) were matched. Spearman rank correlation coefficients with ρ > 0.6 (P < 0.001) were obtained for all 'matched' scales except for analgesics scale, ρ = 0.267 (P < 0.05). There was good agreement between LENT-SOMA and EORTC QLQ-H and N35 except for analgesic endpoints. Global quality of life scores correlated negatively with average LENT-SOMA scores (P < 0.001). Significant differences in average LENT-SOMA scores between treatment modalities were found. The LENT-SOMA questionnaire has demonstrated a high Cronbach's α value (0.786) indicating good reliability. Conclusions: LENT-SOMA patient questionnaire results agreed well with those from the EORTC QLQ-H and N35 questionnaire for toxicity items where they could be compared explicitly, particularly for subjective endpoints. Patient-reported late toxicity had a negative impact on quality of life. The LENT-SOMA patient questionnaire is both reliable and sensitive to differences between patients treated with different modalities. A patient-based questionnaire is an important contributor to capturing late radiotherapy effects.

Implante de lente intraocular trifocal difractivo: análisis y resultado de la agudeza visual

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Miguel Ángel Ibáñez-Hernández

2017-09-01

Conclusiones: El implante de un lente intraocular trifocal difractivo es capaz de proporcionar una excelente visión lejana, intermedia y cercana, con escasas aberraciones ópticas, permitiendo una mejor calidad visual útil en actividades desarrolladas a diferentes distancias.

Open globe injury with an interesting intra-ocular foreign body

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Gill, Ekjyot

2017-07-01

Full Text Available Introduction: Cases of penetrating ocular trauma due to osseous material are limited, so reported incidents are valuable in determining outcomes and proper treatment courses.Case description: We report a case of an open globe injury of the left eye with an intraocular foreign body occurring after a firework exploded in the hand of a 22-year-old man. The patient presented with light perception vision in the injured eye with a full-thickness limbal laceration and dense hyphema obscuring fundoscopy. CT scan revealed a hyperdense foreign body juxtaposed to the lens. Immediate surgical intervention to repair the globe rupture revealed a defect in the anterior capsule and small, white objects in the posterior chamber that were promptly removed. Pathologic investigation determined these fragments to be cortical bone likely from the patient’s phalanges. Results and discussion: There was no evidence of endophthalmitis or keratitis from time of injury to the five-month follow-up, suggesting that the risk of infection may be low and therefore it may be reasonable to manage these injuries with a period of observation.

Triancinolona intra-vítrea e clorpromazina retrobulbar como alternativas ao manejo do olho cego doloroso

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Déborah Cristina Ribas

2016-04-01

Full Text Available RESUMO Objetivo: O objetivo desde estudo foi avaliar a efetividade da triancinolona intra-vítrea e da clorpromazina retrobulbar como alternativas no manejo da dor ocular em olhos cegos. Métodos: Este foi um estudo prospectivo intervencionista não-randomizado de pacientes com olho cego doloroso não responsivo ao tratamento tópico e sem indicação de evisceração atendidos no Serviço de Oftalmologia do Hospital Governador Celso Ramos no ano de 2010. Após exame oftalmológico e ultrassonografia ocular modo B, os pacientes foram divididos em dois grupos. Pacientes do Grupo 1 possuíam glaucoma intratável e receberam injeção retrobulbar de clorpromazina 2,5ml, e pacientes do Grupo 2 possuíam olhos phthisicos com componente inflamatório e receberam injeção intra-vítrea de triancinolona 0,3ml. Foram realizadas avaliações com 1, 3 e 6 meses após o procedimento e a dor quantificada de forma subjetiva em uma escala de 0 a 10 (sem dor e com o máximo de dor, respectivamente. Resultados: Foram incluídos 38 olhos, sendo 15 no Grupo 1 e 21 no Grupo 2. Houve predomínio do sexo masculino e idade média de 54 anos. A causa mais prevalente de olho cego doloroso foi o glaucoma neovascular. Tanto a injeção de clorpromazina retrobulbar quanto a de triancinolona intra-vítrea mostraram-se eficazes no controle da dor ocular em olhos cegos no período do estudo (p<0,001. Ocorreu uma redução de 77,1% no uso de colírios (p<0,01 após a aplicação das medicações. Conclusão: Tanto a injeção de clorpromazina retrobulbar quanto a de triancinolona intra-vítrea mostraram resultados significativos no controle da dor ocular em olhos cegos, além de uma redução no uso de colírios. A clorpromazina é um medicamento de baixo custo, com melhor perfil de efeitos adversos e mostrou resultados discretamente melhores relação à triancinolona. Possíveis viéses identificados no estudo são o de tempo e seleção.

Reading ability with pseudophakic monovision and with refractive multifocal intraocular lenses: comparative study.

Science.gov (United States)

Ito, Misae; Shimizu, Kimiya

2009-09-01

To the compare the reading ability after bilateral cataract surgery in patients who had pseudophakic monovision achieved by monofocal intraocular lens (IOL) implantation and patients who had refractive multifocal IOL implantation. Department of Ophthalmology, Kitasato University Hospital, Kanagawa, Japan. This study evaluated patients who had bilateral cataract surgery using the monovision method with monofocal IOL implantation to correct presbyopia (monovision group) or who had bilateral cataract surgery with refractive multifocal IOL implantation (multifocal group). In the monovision group, the dominant eye was corrected for distance vision and the nondominant eye for near vision. The maximum reading speed, critical character size, and reading acuity were measured binocularly without refractive correction using MNREAD-J acuity charts. The monovision group comprised 38 patients and the multifocal group, 22 patients. The mean maximum reading speed was 350.5 characters per minute (cpm) +/- 62.3 (SD) in the monovision group and 355.0 +/- 53.3 cpm in the multifocal group; the difference was not statistically significant. The mean critical character size was 0.24 +/- 0.12 logMAR and 0.40 +/- 0.16 logMAR, respectively (P<.05). The mean reading acuity was 0.05 +/- 0.12 logMAR and 0.19 +/- 0.11 logMAR, respectively (P<.01). The monovision group had better critical character size and reading acuity results. The monovision method group had better reading ability; however, careful patient selection is essential.

Miopatia ocular descendente Descending ocular myopathy: a case report

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Marcos R. G. de Freitas

1975-06-01

Full Text Available Os autores apresentam caso de paciente jovem, do sexo feminino, com afecção muscular primária ocular e faríngea sem caráter familial. Foram feitos estudos eletromiográficos e histopatológicos musculares que confirmam o caráter miogênico do processo. É feita comparação entre a miopatia ocular e a miopatia ocular descendente, acreditando os autores que seriam variantesThe case of a 23 years old female patient, with primary involvement of the extraocular and faringeal muscles without familiar history is reported. Electromyographic and muscular biopsy studies proved the myogenic nature of the process. A clinical comparison between the ocular myopathy and the descending ocular myopathy is made, the authors thinking that both of them would be variants of the same muscle disease.

Research on antibodies anti toxoplasma gondii in intraocular fluids (Aqueous and vitreous humor) from patients with ocular toxoplasmosis, in the City of Belém, Pará State

OpenAIRE

Carmo, Ediclei Lima do; Almeida, Edmundo Frota; Bichara, Cléa Nazaré; Póvoa, Marinete Marins

2005-01-01

Foi realizada pesquisa de anticorpos IgG, IgM e IgA anti-Toxoplasma gondii no soro e fluidos intra-oculares (humor aquoso e vítreo) de pacientes com toxoplasmose ocular. A partir dos resultados obtidos verificou-se que anticorpos IgG e IgA intraocular anti-Toxoplasma gondii podem vir a ser importantes marcadores no diagnóstico de toxoplasmose ocular.Tests were performed for antibodies IgG, IgM and IgA anti-Toxoplasma gondii antibodies in serum and intraocular fluids (Aqueous and vitreous humo...

Multifocal chronic osteomyelitis of unknown etiology

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Kozlowski, K.; Masel, J.; Harbison, S.; Yu, J.; Royal Brisbane Children Hospital; Regional Hospital Bowral

1983-01-01

Five cases of chronic, inflammatory, multifocal bone lesions of unknown etiology are reported. Although bone biopsy confirmed osteomyelitis in each case in none of them were organisms found inspite of an extensive work up. Different clinical course of the disease reflects different aetiology in respective cases. These cases present changing aspects of osteomyelitis emerging since introduction of antibiotics. (orig.)

Characterisation of intra-articular soft tissue tumours and tumour-like lesions

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Adams, Matthew E. [The Royal National Orthopaedic Hospital NHS Trust, The Department of Radiology, Middlesex (United Kingdom); Saifuddin, Asif [The Royal National Orthopaedic Hospital NHS Trust, The Department of Radiology, Middlesex (United Kingdom); The London Bone and Soft Tissue Tumour Service, London (United Kingdom); University College London, The Institute of Orthopaedics and Musculoskeletal Sciences, London (United Kingdom)

2007-04-15

The aim of this study was to describe a new magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) classification system for intra-articular soft tissue tumours based on the morphology of the lesion, with the aim to aid the differential diagnosis. We performed a retrospective review of 52 consecutive patients presenting to a specialist musculoskeletal oncology unit with a suspected intra-articular tumour. Lesions were categorised into one of four groups according to a simple classification system based on their morphological features on MRI. Distinct groupings of pathologies emerged corresponding to each of the morphological categories. Particularly when combined with radiographic features of calcification and bone erosion, certain patterns were found to be characteristic of specific diagnoses. For example multifocal, calcified lesions were found exclusively in synovial osteochondromatosis and diffuse synovitis with hypointense T2-weighted signal intensity was typical of pigmented villonodular synovitis. Certain combinations of imaging features such as diffuse solid lesions and focal lesions with bone erosion were commonly associated with malignant lesions. We suggest that by classifying intra-articular masses according to their morphological features on MRI, particularly when combined with simple radiographic features, an additional parameter may be generated to aid the radiologist in making a diagnosis. In addition, particular combinations of features provide 'red flags' to increase the index of suspicion for malignancy. (orig.)

Characterisation of intra-articular soft tissue tumours and tumour-like lesions

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Adams, Matthew E.; Saifuddin, Asif

2007-01-01

The aim of this study was to describe a new magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) classification system for intra-articular soft tissue tumours based on the morphology of the lesion, with the aim to aid the differential diagnosis. We performed a retrospective review of 52 consecutive patients presenting to a specialist musculoskeletal oncology unit with a suspected intra-articular tumour. Lesions were categorised into one of four groups according to a simple classification system based on their morphological features on MRI. Distinct groupings of pathologies emerged corresponding to each of the morphological categories. Particularly when combined with radiographic features of calcification and bone erosion, certain patterns were found to be characteristic of specific diagnoses. For example multifocal, calcified lesions were found exclusively in synovial osteochondromatosis and diffuse synovitis with hypointense T2-weighted signal intensity was typical of pigmented villonodular synovitis. Certain combinations of imaging features such as diffuse solid lesions and focal lesions with bone erosion were commonly associated with malignant lesions. We suggest that by classifying intra-articular masses according to their morphological features on MRI, particularly when combined with simple radiographic features, an additional parameter may be generated to aid the radiologist in making a diagnosis. In addition, particular combinations of features provide 'red flags' to increase the index of suspicion for malignancy. (orig.)

Lente fácica de câmara posterior para correção da miopia Posterior chamber phakic lens for the correction of myopia

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Ricardo Queiroz Guimarães

2001-02-01

Full Text Available Objetivo: Avaliar a eficácia, previsibilidade e segurança do implante de lente intra-ocular de câmara posterior em pacientes com miopia moderada e elevada. Métodos: Analisamos os resultados das cirurgias realizadas em 93 olhos de 54 pacientes para implante de lente fácica de câmara posterior com a finalidade de corrigir miopia moderada e elevada. O objetivo da cirurgia era a emetropia. O acompanhamento médio foi de 9 meses, variando de 1 a 38 meses (desvio padrão 10,45. Resultados: O equivalente esférico médio pré-operatório era -13,56 D (variando de -5,75 a -20,38 D e o equivalente esférico médio pós-operatório no último exame foi -0,92 D (variando de -3,88 a +1,00 D. No último exame, 39 olhos (41,9% se encontravam entre ±0,50 D da emetropia, 64 olhos (68,8% estavam entre ±1,00 D e 88 olhos (94,6% estavam entre ±2,00 D da emetropia. Um ganho de duas ou mais linhas de visão foi observado em 45,17% (42 olhos. Em 15 olhos (16,1% ocorreu algum tipo de complicação: em 2 olhos (2,2% houve perda de células endoteliais, em 2 olhos (2,2% ocorreu bloqueio pupilar e em 11 olhos (11,8% houve alterações de transparência lenticular, assintomática em 5 olhos (5,4% e sintomática em 6 olhos (6,5%. Conclusão: O implante de lente fácica de câmara posterior para correção de miopia moderada e alta é um método eficaz, previsível e seguro. O significativo ganho de linhas de visão é uma observação freqüente nesta técnica. Um acompanhamento pós-operatório mais prolongado em um maior número de pacientes é necessário para confirmar a estabilidade dos resultados a longo prazo.Purpose: To examine the efficacy, predictability and safety of posterior chamber phakic intraocular lens implantation in patients with moderate and high myopia. Methods: We analyzed the results of 93 eyes of 54 patients who were submitted to the implantation of a posterior chamber phakic lens for the correction of their myopia. The target postoperative

A circular multifocal collimator for 3D SPECT imaging

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Guillemaud, R.; Grangeat, P.

1993-01-01

In order to improve sensitivity of 3D Single Photon Emission Tomography (SPECT) image, a cone-beam collimator can be used. A new circular multifocal collimator is proposed. The multiple focal points are distributed on a transaxial circle which is the trajectory of the focal points during the circular acquisition. This distribution provides a strong focusing at the center of the detector like a cone-beam collimator, with a good sensitivity, and a weak transaxial focusing at the periphery. A solution for an analytical multifocal reconstruction algorithm has been derived. Grangeat algorithm is proposed to use for this purpose in order to reconstruct with a good sensitivity the region of interest. (R.P.) 3 refs

Multifocal epithelioid hemangioendothelioma of the phalanges of the hand

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Bruegel, Melanie; Waldt, Simone; Woertler, Klaus; Rummeny, Ernst J.; Weirich, Gregor

2006-01-01

Epithelioid hemangioendothelioma (EH) of bone is a rare vascular neoplasm characterized by epithelioid endothelial cells and a variable biologic behaviour. The principal sites of occurrence of this osteolytic tumor are the lower extremity and the axial skeleton. Approximately half of the cases present with multifocal disease. The latter feature can be helpful in suggesting the diagnosis of a vascular tumor; on the other hand, it strengthens the need for a skeletal survey or whole-body MRI/CT. We report on the clinical, histologic and radiologic features - including CT and MRI findings - of EH in a case of multifocal disease of the phalanges of the hand, a very uncommon anatomic site of affliction. (orig.)

Ocular and multicentric T-cell lymphoma in horse

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Mariana C. Oliveira

2016-11-01

Full Text Available ABSTRACT. Oliveira M.C., Faleiro R.D., Santos C.C.A., Oliveira G.F., Daoualibi Y., Sonne L., Brito M.F. & Ubiali D.G. [Ocular and multicentric T-cell lymphoma in horse.] Linfoma de células T multicêntrico e ocular em equino. Revista Brasileira de Medicina Veterinária, 38(Supl.2:147-151, 2016. Setor de Anatomia Patológica, Departamento Epidemiologia e Saúde Pública, Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro, BR 465 Km 7, Seropédica, RJ 23890-000, Brasil. E-mail: danielubiali@hotmail.com A 10-year-old gelding, mixed breed had body score condition 3 (1-10, with reluctance to move due to the loss of visual acuity in both eyes, right eye swelling and marked dyspnea. The ophthalmic examination showed no response to threat of reflection, objects test or direct reflection and consensus of both eyes. Examination with visor magnifier and Finoff transilluminator revealed buftalmia, hyphema, aqueous flare, corneal neovascularization and posterior synechiae with irregular bulging of the iris in the right eye and aqueous flare, central anterior synechiae and mature cataract in the left eye. It was found corneal integrity in both eyes with the fluorescein test. Urine sample submitted for PCR to Leptospira sp. resulted negative. Euthanasia was performed after unsuccessful treatment attempts. At necropsy there was a mass in the right eyeball, the pleural surface of the diaphragm and the mesentery. There was multifocal to coalescing whitish nodules between 1 and 4 cm in diameter in the lung, filling about 80% of the lungs’ surface, mainly in the ventral region. Morphology of masses was histopathologically compatible with lymphoma. Anti-CD3 antibody resulted positive in all samples analyzed characterizing immunophenotypic T-cell lymphoma.

Research advances on multifocal electroretinogram in primary open angle glaucoma

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Feng-Fei Mo

2013-10-01

Full Text Available Primary open angle glaucoma is a chronic and progressive optic neuropathy. It can lead to serious damage of visual impairment, and it is an important eye disease of blindness. Multifocal electroretinogram is a new way to measure visual electrophysiology. It can measure electroretinogram of the whole visual field of many small parts in a relatively short period of time, and it can reflect the function of regional retina. It has an extremely important value for early diagnosis of primary open angle glaucoma. The research advances on multifocal electroretinogram in diagnosing primary open angle glaucoma were summarized in this paper.

Principios para el cálculo de la lente intraocular tras cirugía refractiva corneal

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Taimí Cárdenas Díaz

Full Text Available Se estima que aproximadamente un millón o más de pacientes se realizan cirugía refractiva al año. Es por eso que con el envejecimiento son cada día más frecuentes los pacientes con catarata, a quienes previamente se les ha efectuado cirugía refractiva. El cálculo inexacto de la potencia dióptrica de la lente a implantar en la intervención de estos es también un problema de importancia creciente y con él la sorpresa refractiva. Este es mucho más complejo de lo normal, ya que existen dos fuentes de error: la incorrecta predicción de la posición efectiva de la lente por parte de la fórmula y la determinación errónea de la potencia de la córnea por parte de la queratometría. La corrección de estos dos factores permitirá realizar un cálculo correcto en estos ojos. De ahí la motivación para realizar una búsqueda actualizadas de los últimos diez años de diversos artículos publicados, con el objetivo de describir los principios para el cálculo de la lente intraocular tras cirugía refractiva corneal. Se utilizó la plataforma Infomed, específicamente la Biblioteca Virtual de Salud, con todos sus buscadores.

Revisión bibliográfica sobre los beneficios del coloreado de las lentes destinadas a las actividades deportivas

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Carlos Montaner Sesmero

2010-09-01

Full Text Available El desarrollo de productos comerciales específicos para cada usuario es una línea de actuación preferente para cada vez más empresas del sector deportivo. Algunos de estos productos personalizados, como es el caso de las gafas deportivas con lentes coloreadas, ofrecen prestaciones que aseguran un mejor confort y/o rendimiento deportivo en determinados contextos. Sin embargo, la base científica que apoya el beneficio de dichos artículos es desconocida. Así, el propósito de este estudio es realizar una revisión del trabajo científico publicado que explique el posible beneficio que puede suponer el uso de un tipo de coloreado u otro en las lentes de las gafas deportivas. Para ello, se ha llevado a cabo una revisión bibliográfica centrada en aspectos de confort y de rendimiento visual en la práctica deportiva, a través de bases documentales científicas, de páginas web y de normativa referente al uso de lentes deportivas. La principal conclusión que se puede extraer es que el estado del arte ofrece una limitada base científica para soportar los productos existentes en el mercado, así como para proponer lentes de color para deportes concretos. Queda establecido que a través de determinados filtros coloreados puedan mejorarse los tiempos de reacción y la habilidad visual, pero en caso de abordar esta línea de I+D, sería incluso necesario poner a punto métodos de medida adecuados.

Multifocal fibrosclerosis: a new case report and review of the literature

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Oguz, Kader Karli; Oguz, Oguzhan; Cila, Aysenur; Oto, Aytekin [Department of Radiology, Faculty of Medicine, Hacettepe University, Ankara (Turkey); Kiratli, Hayyam [Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, Hacettepe University, Ankara (Turkey); Gokoz, Aytac [Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Hacettepe University, Ankara (Turkey)

2002-05-01

A case of multifocal fibrosclerosis is presented with MR images. Bilateral sclerosing orbital pseudotumor invading cavernous sinuses were the presenting disorder. Magnetic resonance imaging showed involvement of paranasal sinuses bilaterally and multiple supratentorial dural masses. Retroperitoneal fibrosis was associated with the condition. Multifocal involvement should be considered in patients with sclerosing orbital pseudotumor and an imaging approach should be performed on the appropriate clinical condition to document possible coexistence of other disorders including retroperitoneal fibrosis, mediastinal fibrosis, sclerosing cholangitis, and Riedel's thyroiditis (orig.)

Multifocality as a prognostic factor in breast cancer patients registered in Danish Breast Cancer Cooperative Group (DBCG) 1996-2001

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Joergensen, L.E.; Gunnarsdottir, K.A.; Lanng, C.

2008-01-01

The purpose of this study was to investigate the prognostic influence of multifocality in breast cancer patients. In a cohort of 7196 patients there were 945 patients with multifocality. We found no prognostic influence of multifocality on overall survival when controlling for known prognostic......, Gunnarsdottir KA, Rasmussen BB, Moeller S, Lanng C. The prognostic influence of multifocality in breast cancer patients. Breast 2004;13:188-193]....... factors. We found a small but significant influence on disease-free survival (HR=1.16 [1.03-1.31]) and a strong correlation between multifocality and known prognostic factors. This was in accordance with an earlier study done on a smaller population and in a different period of time [Pedersen L...

MULTIFOCAL RETINAL INFILTRATES WITH PHLEBITIS AND OPTIC NEUROPATHY IN AN HIV-POSITIVE PEDIATRIC PATIENT.

Science.gov (United States)

Kasi, Sundeep K; Vora, Robin A; Martin, Taliva; Cunningham, Emmett T

2015-01-01

To describe an unusual presentation of bilateral HIV-associated multifocal retinal infiltrates with phlebitis and optic neuropathy in a pediatric patient from Zimbabwe, Africa. Retrospective case report of a 15-year-old boy from Zimbabwe, Africa. The patient was found to have bilateral vitritis, multifocal retinitis with phlebitis, and optic neuropathy in the setting of previously unrecognized HIV infection. Vision improved and the clinical findings resolved after treatment with intravenous corticosteroids and highly active retroviral therapy (HAART). The authors describe the occurrence and treatment of bilateral, HIV-associated multifocal retinal infiltrates with phlebitis and HIV-associated optic neuropathy in a pediatric patient from Zimbabwe, Africa.

Long-Term Visual Prognosis of Peripheral Multifocal Chorioretinitis

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Ossewaarde-van Norel, J; ten Dam-van Loon, NH; de Boer, JH; Rothova, A.

2015-01-01

Purpose To report on the clinical manifestations, complications, and long-term visual prognosis of patients with peripheral multifocal chorioretinitis and to search for predictors for a lower visual outcome. Design Retrospective consecutive observational case series. Methods setting: Institutional.

A Rare Case of Multifocal Prostatic Blue Nevus

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Elias J. Farran

2018-01-01

Full Text Available Prostatic blue nevus is a rare benign pathologic diagnosis most commonly diagnosed incidentally on many different types of prostate specimens. Blue nevus is the deposition of stromal melanin characterized by spindle cells within the fibromuscular stroma which stains positive for melanin-specific stains Fontana-Masson and S100 and stains negative for CD68, HMB45, and iron stains. We report the case of a multifocal and bilateral blue nevus in a 52-year-old Hispanic male who presented with an elevated prostate-specific antigen of 4.3 and mild obstructive lower urinary tract symptoms, found by transrectal ultrasound-guided prostate needle biopsy. The biopsy also revealed benign prostatic tissue with postatrophic hyperplasia and chronic inflammation. This is the 35th reported case of prostatic blue nevus and the third to show multifocal blue nevus.

Limitations of an ocular surface inflammatory biomarker in impression cytology specimens.

Science.gov (United States)

Yafawi, Rolla; Ko, Mira; Sace, Frederick P; John-Baptiste, Annette

2013-03-01

A number of ocular conditions, such as dry eye, are associated with inflammation on the surface of the eye leading to irritation and ocular pain. Many drugs such as chemotherapeutics, beta blockers, angiotensin-converting enzymes and so forth also cause dry eye but currently there are no validated ocular surface biomarkers available. We evaluated sample stability, assay sensitivity, reproducibility and overall performance of impression cytology (IC) utilizing the cellular surface biomarker human leukocyte antigen DR-1 (HLA-DR) as an ocular surface inflammatory biomarker by flow cytometry in a fit-for-purpose validation study. Additionally, subjects classified as normal or having various degrees of dry eye were evaluated to determine if HLA-DR could demonstrate a clear separation between normal and dry eye samples. The assay demonstrated high dynamic range detecting a broad range of fluorescent intensities in healthy donors. Additionally, inter, intra and stability assay results demonstrated strong concordance and low variability. Overall CV% for both assays were less than 25% for all measured parameters. However, high variability was observed for donor samples assayed beyond day 10 post IC sample collection (4.2-110.8 CV%). HLA-DR expression demonstrated a progressive increase in patients with mild to severe levels of dry eye disease providing sufficient evidence it is sensitive enough to monitor inflammatory effects of dry eye when coupled with additional biomarkers and/or methodologies such as cytokine analysis or ICAM-1. This biomarker can be used to monitor ocular surface disorders in patients and to evaluate potential treatment options during drug development. Although our results demonstrate this methodology is reproducible for routine evaluation, limitations around sample integrity exist. The ocular cell surface inflammatory biomarker, HLA-DR coupled with impression cytology is a simple non-invasive robust, specific and reproducible assay that can be

Cluster bomb ocular injuries.

Science.gov (United States)

Mansour, Ahmad M; Hamade, Haya; Ghaddar, Ayman; Mokadem, Ahmad Samih; El Hajj Ali, Mohamad; Awwad, Shady

2012-01-01

To present the visual outcomes and ocular sequelae of victims of cluster bombs. This retrospective, multicenter case series of ocular injury due to cluster bombs was conducted for 3 years after the war in South Lebanon (July 2006). Data were gathered from the reports to the Information Management System for Mine Action. There were 308 victims of clusters bombs; 36 individuals were killed, of which 2 received ocular lacerations and; 272 individuals were injured with 18 receiving ocular injury. These 18 surviving individuals were assessed by the authors. Ocular injury occurred in 6.5% (20/308) of cluster bomb victims. Trauma to multiple organs occurred in 12 of 18 cases (67%) with ocular injury. Ocular findings included corneal or scleral lacerations (16 eyes), corneal foreign bodies (9 eyes), corneal decompensation (2 eyes), ruptured cataract (6 eyes), and intravitreal foreign bodies (10 eyes). The corneas of one patient had extreme attenuation of the endothelium. Ocular injury occurred in 6.5% of cluster bomb victims and 67% of the patients with ocular injury sustained trauma to multiple organs. Visual morbidity in civilians is an additional reason for a global ban on the use of cluster bombs.

Ocular TRUST: nationwide antimicrobial susceptibility patterns in ocular isolates.

Science.gov (United States)

Asbell, Penny A; Colby, Kathryn A; Deng, Sophie; McDonnell, Peter; Meisler, David M; Raizman, Michael B; Sheppard, John D; Sahm, Daniel F

2008-06-01

Ocular Tracking Resistance in U.S. Today (TRUST) annually evaluates in vitro antimicrobial susceptibility of Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus pneumoniae, and Haemophilus influenzae to ciprofloxacin, gatifloxacin, levofloxacin, moxifloxacin, penicillin, azithromycin, tobramycin, trimethoprim, and polymyxin B in national samples of ocular isolates. Laboratory investigation. Prospectively collected ocular isolates (197 S. aureus, 49 S. pneumoniae, and 32 H. influenzae) from 35 institutions and archived ocular isolates (760 S. pneumoniae and 356 H. influenzae) from 34 institutions were tested by an independent, central laboratory. Mean minimum inhibitory concentrations that would inhibit growth of 90% of the tested isolates (MIC(90)) were interpreted as susceptible, intermediate, or resistant according to standardized breakpoints for systemic treatment. S. aureus isolates were classified as methicillin susceptible (MSSA) or methicillin resistant (MRSA). MSSA or MRSA susceptibility patterns were virtually identical for the fluoroquinolones, that is, MSSA susceptibility was 79.9% to 81.1% and MRSA susceptibility was 15.2%. Trimethoprim was the only agent tested with high activity against MRSA. All S. pneumoniae isolates were susceptible to gatifloxacin, levofloxacin, and moxifloxacin; 89.8% were susceptible to ciprofloxacin. H. influenzae isolates were 100% susceptible to all tested agents but trimethoprim. Ocular TRUST 1 data were consistent with the eight-year longitudinal sample of archived ocular isolates. The fluoroquinolones were consistently active in MSSA, S. pneumoniae, and H. influenzae. After more than a decade of intensive ciprofloxacin and levofloxacin use as systemic therapy, 100% of ocular S. pneumoniae isolates were susceptible to gatifloxacin, levofloxacin, and moxifloxacin; nonsusceptibility to ciprofloxacin was less than 15%. High-level in vitro MRSA resistance suggests the need to consider alternative therapy to fluoroquinolones when MRSA is a

OCULAR ASPECTS OF HYPERTHYROIDISM WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO OCULAR MYOPATHY

OpenAIRE

Mallika O. U; Suma Job

2017-01-01

BACKGROUND Hyperthyroidism can result in ocular manifestations even before systemic signs and symptoms develop. It is seen more in females and severe forms are more common in males. Early detection of ocular involvement can prevent vision threatening complications and troublesome discomforts affecting quality of vision. This clinical study highlights the importance of detailed ocular examination in hyperthyroidism. MATERIALS AND METHODS Fifty consecutive patients with ocu...

Ocular lesions and experimental choline deficiency Lesiones oculares y deficiencia experimental de colina

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Georgina P. Ossani

2006-10-01

Full Text Available Previous studies have shown ocular haemorrhages in choline-deficient rats. The aim of this paper is to study further the relationship between ocular and renal lesions and biochemical alterations in rats fed a choline-deficient diet. Fifty one weanling male Wistar rats, were divided into two groups. Thirty one of them were fed a choline-deficient diet and the rest was fed a choline-supplemented diet ad libitum. Animals from both groups were killed between the fifth and the eighth day. Urea, creatinine and homocysteine concentrations in blood were determined. Eyes were used for light microscopy study; high resolution light microscopy and the study of the retina as "rétine a plat". Kidneys were studied by light microscopy. Choline-supplemented rats did not show ocular or renal lesion. Choline-deficient rats that showed renal lesions, tubular or cortical necrosis, did not always have ocular changes. There were no ocular changes in the only choline-deficient rat without renal lesion. The ocular changes consisted mainly in haemorrhage in both cameras and ciliary and vitreous bodies. Correlations between ocular and renal lesion (r=0.72, pEstudios previos han demostrado hemorragia ocular en ratas deficientes en colina. El objetivo de este trabajo es profundizar en la relación entre las alteraciones oculares, renales y bioquímicas en ratas deficientes en colina. Cincuenta y una ratas Wistar macho recién destetadas fueron divididas en dos grupos: treinta y una fueron alimentadas con una dieta colino deficiente y el resto con colina suplementada ad-libitum. Los animales de ambos grupos fueron sacrificados entre el quinto y el octavo día. Se midió la concentración de urea, creatinina y homocisteína en sangre. Los ojos fueron estudiados por microscopía de luz, microscopía óptica de alta resolución y para el estudio de la retina como retina plana. Los riñones fueron estudiados por microscopía de luz. Las ratas suplementadas con colina no

X-linked ocular albinism in Blacks. Ocular albinism cum pigmento.

Science.gov (United States)

O'Donnell, F E; Green, W R; Fleischman, J A; Hambrick, G W

1978-07-01

X-linked ocular albinism can be an unsuspected cause of congenital nystagmus in blacks. In this study, eight of ten black ocular albinos from two kindreds had nonalbinotic, moderately pigmented fundi and no transillumination of the iris. We refer to this paradoxical condition as "ocular albinism cum pigmento." The only constant ophthalmoscopic feature was a foveal hypoplasia. Biopsy of clinically normal skin to demonstrate giant pigment granules is the most accurate means of diagnosis.

The Relationship Between Ocular Itch, Ocular Pain, and Dry Eye Symptoms (An American Ophthalmological Society Thesis).

Science.gov (United States)

Galor, Anat; Small, Leslie; Feuer, William; Levitt, Roy C; Sarantopoulos, Konstantinos D; Yosipovitch, Gil

2017-08-01

To evaluate associations between sensations of ocular itch and dry eye (DE) symptoms, including ocular pain, and DE signs. A cross-sectional study of 324 patients seen in the Miami Veterans Affairs eye clinic was performed. The evaluation consisted of questionnaires regarding ocular itch, DE symptoms, descriptors of neuropathic-like ocular pain (NOP), and evoked pain sensitivity testing on the forehead and forearm, followed by a comprehensive ocular surface examination including corneal mechanical sensitivity testing. Analyses were performed to examine for differences between those with and without subjective complaints of ocular itch. The mean age was 62 years with 92% being male. Symptoms of DE and NOP were more frequent in patients with moderate-severe ocular itch compared to those with no or mild ocular itch symptoms. With the exception of ocular surface inflammation (abnormal matrix metalloproteinase 9 testing) which was less common in those with moderate-severe ocular itch symptoms, DE signs were not related to ocular itch. Individuals with moderate-severe ocular itch also demonstrated greater sensitivity to evoked pain on the forearm and had higher non-ocular pain, depression, and post-traumatic stress disorders scores, compared to those with no or mild itch symptoms. Subjects with moderate-severe ocular itch symptoms have more severe symptoms of DE, NOP, non-ocular pain and demonstrate abnormal somatosensory testing in the form of increased sensitivity to evoked pain at a site remote from the eye, consistent with generalized hypersensitivity.

Ocular Sarcoidosis

Science.gov (United States)

Pasadhika, Sirichai; Rosenbaum, James T

2015-01-01

Sarcoidosis is one of the leading causes of inflammatory eye disease. Ocular sarcoidosis can involve any part of the eye and its adnexal tissues, and may cause uveitis, episcleritis/scleritis, eyelid abnormalities, conjunctival granuloma, optic neuropathy, lacrimal gland enlargement and orbital inflammation. Glaucoma and cataract can be complications from inflammation itself or adverse effects from therapy. Ophthalmic manifestations can be isolated, or associated with other organ involvement. Patients with ocular sarcoidosis can present with a wide range of clinical presentations and severity. Multi-disciplinary approaches are required to achieve the best treatment outcomes for both ocular and systemic manifestations. PMID:26593141

Evaluation of refractive correction for standard automated perimetry in eyes wearing multifocal contact lenses

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Kazunori Hirasawa

2017-10-01

Full Text Available AIM: To evaluate the refractive correction for standard automated perimetry (SAP in eyes with refractive multifocal contact lenses (CL in healthy young participants. METHODS: Twenty-nine eyes of 29 participants were included. Accommodation was paralyzed in all participants with 1% cyclopentolate hydrochloride. SAP was performed using the Humphrey SITA-standard 24-2 and 10-2 protocol under three refractive conditions: monofocal CL corrected for near distance (baseline; multifocal CL corrected for distance (mCL-D; and mCL-D corrected for near vision using a spectacle lens (mCL-N. Primary outcome measures were the foveal threshold, mean deviation (MD, and pattern standard deviation (PSD. RESULTS: The foveal threshold of mCL-N with both the 24-2 and 10-2 protocols significantly decreased by 2.2-2.5 dB CONCLUSION: Despite the induced mydriasis and the optical design of the multifocal lens used in this study, our results indicated that, when the dome-shaped visual field test is performed with eyes with large pupils and wearing refractive multifocal CLs, distance correction without additional near correction is to be recommended.

Resultados topográficos en pacientes portadores de lentes de contacto Topographic results achieved patients wearing contact lens

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Tania Aymeé Díaz Martínez

2009-06-01

Full Text Available OBJETIVOS: Analizar los resultados topográficos en pacientes portadores de lentes de contacto y candidatos a cirugía refractiva con excimer láser, en el Hospital "Carlos Juan Finlay"; determinar el comportamiento según edad y sexo; conocer el tipo de lente de contacto empleado y su tiempo de uso; conocer el comportamiento según la edad y el sexo; identificar la relación del patrón topográfico corneal inducido en portadores de lentes de contacto con el moldeamiento corneal y el queratocono. MÉTODOS: Es un estudio retrospectivo de las topografías de los candidatos para cirugía refractiva durante los últimos 2 años, de 80 pacientes (todos ellos portadores de lentes de contacto. Para las exploraciones se emplearon los topógrafos OPTIKON AMF510P y el HUMPHREY. A todos se les realizó un examen oftalmológico completo (refracción manifiesta, biomicroscopia, queratometría, paquimetría y topografía corneal. Se compararon los resultados y su estabilidad. También se analizó la edad, el sexo, el tipo de lentes de contacto, así como su tiempo de utilización. RESULTADOS: Se trataron 158 ojos, de ellos 83 presentaron un patrón topográfico normal, 58 moldeamiento corneal inducido por el uso de lentes de contacto y en 17 se evidenció queratocono. La edad media de los pacientes fue de 27 años. El astigmatismo corneal medio en los pacientes con queratocono fue de -3,25 dioptrías, y de -1,12 dioptrías en pacientes con moldeamiento corneal. La lectura del meridiano más plano en pacientes con queratocono fue de 46,75 dioptrías, y en moldeamiento corneal 43,25 dioptrías. En los queratoconos el meridiano más curvo fue de 54,75 dioptrías, y en el moldeamiento corneal 46,00 dioptrías. CONCLUSIONES: El tipo de lente de contacto, así como su tiempo de uso influyen en la aparición del moldeamiento corneal inducido y el queratocono subclínico, y ambos presentaron un patrón topográfico similar.OBJECTIVES: To analyze the topographic

Evaluation of rotation and visual outcomes after implantation of monofocal and multifocal toric intraocular lenses.

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Garzón, Nuria; Poyales, Francisco; de Zárate, Begoña Ortíz; Ruiz-García, Jose Luis; Quiroga, Juan Antonio

2015-02-01

To evaluate rotational stability and its influence on postoperative visual acuity of different monofocal and multifocal toric intraocular lenses (IOLs). A prospective interventional study was designed. Ninety-one patients with a mean age of 71.65 ± 11.82 years were implanted with toric IOLs after phacoemulsification. Three monofocal toric IOLs (the Lentis LT [Oculentis, Berlin, Germany], enVista [Bausch & Lomb, Rochester, NY], and AcrySof IQ [Alcon Laboratories, Inc., Fort Worth, TX]) and one multifocal toric IOL (AcrySof IQ ReSTOR; Alcon Laboratories, Inc.) were implanted. Preoperative and postoperative images were taken to calculate the misalignment due to the marking method. To evaluate rotation in the different follow-up visits, another photograph was taken 1 hour and 1, 7 and 30 days postoperatively. Refraction, uncorrected distance visual acuity (UDVA), and corrected distance visual acuity were measured 30 days postoperatively. Postoperative UDVA was 0.1 logMAR or better in 64.6% of eyes implanted with monofocal IOLs and 46.4% of eyes implanted with multifocal IOLs. The enVista toric IOL showed the best UDVA compared to the other monofocal IOLs, with 81% of eyes with 0.1 logMAR or better. The mean misalignment in the total group studied was 0.07° ± 0.60°; 69.6% of monofocal IOLs and 67.9% of multifocal IOLs showed less than 5° of rotation. A correlation was found between postoperative UDVA and rotation in the monofocal and multifocal IOLs implanted (r = 0.439 [P < .011] and = 0.787 [P = .001], respectively). At 1 month postoperatively, UDVA was slightly more affected by IOL rotation in multifocal than monofocal toric IOLs. The marking method was also effective. Copyright 2015, SLACK Incorporated.

Validity of automated refraction after segmented refractive multifocal intraocular lens implantation.

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Albarrán-Diego, César; Muñoz, Gonzalo; Rohrweck, Stephanie; García-Lázaro, Santiago; Albero, José Ricardo

2017-01-01

To evaluate the clinical utility of automated refraction (AR) and keratometry (KR) compared with subjective or manifest refraction (MR) after cataract or refractive lens exchange surgery with implantation of Lentis Mplus X (Oculentis GmbH) refractive multifocal intraocular lens (IOL). Eighty-six eyes implanted with the Lentis Mplus X multifocal IOL were included. MR was performed in all patients followed by three consecutive AR measurements using the Topcon KR-8000 autorefractor. Assessment of repeatability of consecutive AR before and after dilation with phenylephrine 10%, and comparison of the AR and KR with MR using vector analysis were performed at 3mo follow-up. Analysis showed excellent repeatability of the AR measurements. Linear regression of AR versus MR showed good correlation for sphere and spherical equivalent, whereas the correlation for astigmatism was low. The mean difference AR-MR was -1.28±0.29 diopters (D) for sphere. Astigmatism showed better correlation between KR and MR. We suggest AR sphere plus 1.25 D and the KR cylinder as the starting point for MR in eyes with a Lentis Mplus X multifocal IOL. If AR measurements are equal to MR, decentration of the IOL should be suspected.

Vitrectomía pars plana y reimplante de lente intraocular en surco Pars plana vitrectomy and intraocular lens repositioning in the sulcus

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Alejandro Guerra García

2010-01-01

Full Text Available Se presentó un caso de lente intraocular luxado a vítreo en paciente con conteo bajo de células endoteliales e intolerancia a lentes de contacto. Se practicó vitrectomía pars plana con reimplante de lente en surco ciliar con el objetivo de demostrar la fiabilidad de la técnica para casos que presenten condiciones adecuadas y situaciones especiales. Se revisó la bibliografía para conocer las tendencias actuales con respecto al manejo de esta patología. El paciente alcanzó una agudeza visual de 20/30. El lente permaneció estable en el surco 3 meses después de practicada la vitrectomía. El manejo de esta entidad debe ser personalizado. La técnica utilizada debe ser siempre la primera opción de tratamiento y parece ser segura en casos cuidadosamente escogidos.A case of dislocated intraocular lens moved to the vitreous cavity in a patient with low endothelial cell count and contact lens intolerance was reported. A pars plana vitrectomy with lens repositioning was performed to demonstrate the safety of this technique for some special cases under adequate conditions. The literature was reviewed to learn about the current management of this pathology. Finally, patient's best visual acuity was 20/30. The stability of the lens was confirmed three month l after the vitrectomy. Management of this disorder should be customized. This technique should be considered as the first option of treatment and seems to be safe in selected cases.

Miopatia ocular descendente

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Marcos R. G. de Freitas

1975-06-01

Full Text Available Os autores apresentam caso de paciente jovem, do sexo feminino, com afecção muscular primária ocular e faríngea sem caráter familial. Foram feitos estudos eletromiográficos e histopatológicos musculares que confirmam o caráter miogênico do processo. É feita comparação entre a miopatia ocular e a miopatia ocular descendente, acreditando os autores que seriam variantes

Long-term medical outcomes in survivors of extra-ocular retinoblastoma: the Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center (MSKCC) experience.

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Friedman, Danielle Novetsky; Sklar, Charles A; Oeffinger, Kevin C; Kernan, Nancy A; Khakoo, Yasmin; Marr, Brian P; Wolden, Suzanne L; Abramson, David H; Dunkel, Ira J

2013-04-01

Data on long-term outcomes of survivors of extra-ocular retinoblastoma are lacking. The authors sought to provide the first report characterizing long-term outcomes among survivors of extra-ocular retinoblastoma. Retrospective analysis of long-term medical outcomes in 19 survivors of extra-ocular retinoblastoma treated between 1992 and 2009. Severity of outcomes was graded using Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events. All patients received intensive multimodality therapy for their extra-ocular disease after management of their primary intra-ocular disease, including conventional chemotherapy (n = 19, 100%), radiotherapy (n = 15, 69%), and/or high-dose chemotherapy with autologous stem cell transplant (n = 17, 89%). The median follow-up was 7.8 years from diagnosis of extra-ocular retinoblastoma (range 2-17.8 years). The most common long-term non-visual outcomes were hearing loss (n = 15, 79%), short stature (n = 7, 37%), and secondary malignancies [SMN] (n = 6, 31%). Sixty-eight percent of survivors exhibited ≥2 non-visual long-term outcomes of any grade. Except short stature, which was not graded for severity, Grade 3-4 outcomes were limited to: ototoxicity (n = 8; n = 4 require hearing aids), SMNs (n = 6), and unequal limb length (n = 1). Five patients who developed SMNs carried a known RB1 mutation. SMNs developed at a median of 11.1 years after initial diagnosis; two patients died of their SMN. Long-term cardiac, pulmonary, hepatobiliary, or renal conditions were not identified in any survivors. Long-term outcomes are commonly seen in extra-ocular retinoblastoma survivors but the majority are mild-moderate in their severity. Longer comprehensive follow-up is needed to fully assess treatment-related outcomes but the information collected to date may affect management decisions for children with extra-ocular disease. Copyright © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

Multifocal peritoneal splenosis in Tc-99m-labeled heat-denatured red blood cell scintigraphy

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Yoon, Min Ki; Hwang, Kyung Hoon; Choe, Won Sick [Gachon University Gil Medical Center, Incheon (Korea, Republic of)

2006-06-15

A 44-year-old man with a past medical history of splenectomy came to hospital because of epigastric pain abdominopelvic computed tomography(CT) showed a soft tissue mass and multifocal variable-sized nodules as well as finding suggestive of cholecystitis. Subsequently, he underwent Tc-99m-labeled heat- denatured red blood cell(RBC) scintigraphy to evaluate the mass and nodules. The scintigraphy confirmed multifocal peritoneal splenosis in the abdominopelvic cavity.

Systematic analysis of ocular trauma by a new proposed ocular trauma classification

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Bhartendu Shukla

2017-01-01

Full Text Available Purpose: The current classification of ocular trauma does not incorporate adnexal trauma, injuries that are attributable to a nonmechanical cause and destructive globe injuries. This study proposes a new classification system of ocular trauma which is broader-based to allow for the classification of a wider range of ocular injuries not covered by the current classification. Methods: A clinic-based cross-sectional study to validate the proposed classification. We analyzed 535 cases of ocular injury from January 1, 2012 to February 28, 2012 over a 4-year period in an eye hospital in central India using our proposed classification system and compared it with conventional classification. Results: The new classification system allowed for classification of all 535 cases of ocular injury. The conventional classification was only able to classify 364 of the 535 trauma cases. Injuries involving the adnexa, nonmechanical injuries and destructive globe injuries could not be classified by the conventional classification, thus missing about 33% of cases. Conclusions: Our classification system shows an improvement over existing ocular trauma classification as it allows for the classification of all type of ocular injuries and will allow for better and specific prognostication. This system has the potential to aid communication between physicians and result in better patient care. It can also provide a more authentic, wide spectrum of ocular injuries in correlation with etiology. By including adnexal injuries and nonmechanical injuries, we have been able to classify all 535 cases of trauma. Otherwise, about 30% of cases would have been excluded from the study.

Estrutura de populações de Rhodnius neglectus Lent e Psammolestes tertius Lent & Jurberg (Hemiptera, Reduviidae em ninhos de pássaros (Furnariidae presentes na palmeira Mauritia flexuosa no Distrito Federal, Brasil Population structure of Rhodnius neglectus Lent and Psammolestes tertius Lent & Jurberg (Hemiptera, Reduviidae in bird nests (Furnariidae on Mauritia flexuosa palm trees in Federal District of Brazil

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Rodrigo Gurgel-Gonçalves

2007-03-01

Full Text Available Rhodnius neglectus Lent, 1954 {Rn}e Psammolestes tertius Lent & Jurberg, 1965 {Pt} são triatomíneos que ocorrem em ninhos de aves, principalmente da família Furnariidae. O ciclo biológico dessas espécies é conhecido em condições de laboratório, sendo poucos estudos em ecótopos silvestres. Para analisar a infestação e estrutura de populações de Rn e Pt em ninhos de aves presentes na palmeira Mauritia flexuosa Linnaeus, em duas estações climáticas do Brasil Central, foram amostradas 41 palmeiras com evidências de nidificação de Phacellodomus ruber Vieillot, 1817 (22 na estação chuvosa e 19 na estação seca em quatro áreas do Distrito Federal. Os insetos foram capturados usando-se coleta manual na copa da palmeira, identificados morfologicamente, separados por sexo e estádio ninfal. Fezes e glândulas salivares de Rn foram examinadas para verificar infecção por Trypanosoma cruzi Chagas, 1909 e/ou T. rangeli Tejera, 1920. Trinta e cinco palmeiras com ninhos de P. ruber estavam infestadas por Rn (85% e 22 por Pt (53%. 442 indivíduos foram coletados na estação seca (200 Rn e 242 Pt e 267 na estação chuvosa (136 Rn e 131 Pt. O único fator relacionado significativamente com a densidade de triatomíneos nas palmeiras foi a área. A estrutura etária das populações mostrou: a maior abundância de adultos nas populações de Pt, b maior abundância de machos em ambas as espécies e c presença de fêmeas ovipondo em ambas as estações. Nenhum dos 177 triatomíneos examinados estava infectado por T. cruzi ou T. rangeli. A estrutura etária das populações de Rn e Pt não diferiu significativamente entre as estações amostradas, indicando ausência de marcada sazonalidade para essas espécies.Rhodnius neglectus Lent, 1954 {Rn}and Psammolestes tertius Lent & Jurberg, 1965 {Pt} are triatomines that occur in bird nests, mainly furnarid nests. Their biological cycles are known in laboratory conditions and few studies were

Abordagem da Catarata Congênita: análise de série de casos Approach to Congenital Cataract: case series analysis

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Marina Soares Viegas Moura Rezende

2008-02-01

Full Text Available A catarata congênita é uma causa importante de deficiência visual, principalmente por ambliopia, com prevalência aproximada de 0,4%. Seu manejo cirúrgico, inclusive em crianças, tem se desenvolvido, levando a melhores resultados visuais e contribuindo para o controle da ambliopia. OBJETIVO: Relatar os resultados precoces de uma série de casos submetidos a diferentes modalidades cirúrgicas para catarata congênita no Serviço de Catarata do Instituto de Oftalmologia Tadeu Cvintal (IOTC de janeiro de 2004 a janeiro de 2005. MÉTODOS: Estudo retrospectivo em 19 crianças (32 olhos com catarata congênita. A série de casos foi dividida em três grupos de acordo com a abordagem cirúrgica: lensectomia via pars plana, facoaspiração com e sem implante de lente intraocular. A acuidade visual corrigida final foi registrada com quatro meses de pós-operatório. RESULTADOS: Oito olhos foram submetidos à lensectomia, treze (13 à facoaspiração com implante de lente intra-ocular, e onze (11 à facoaspiração sem implante de lente intra-ocular. Em dez olhos foi realizada capsulotomia posterior primária. A única complicação observada foi opacidade de cápsula posterior em 60% (n=05 dos casos. Aproximadamente 43% dos pacientes (n=14 desenvolveram AV final corrigida entre 20/20 (LogMAR + 0.0 e 20/40 (LogMAR +0.3. Destes, oito (57% eram olhos de crianças operadas de ambos os olhos (catarata bilateral. A média de idade em que foram operadas, neste grupo de melhor acuidade, foi de sete anos. Sete (50% olhos foram submetidos a facoaspiração com implante de lente intra-ocular, e cinco (35% destes foram submetidos á capsulotomia posterior secundária. CONCLUSÃO: A série de casos analisada apresentou bons resultados cirúrgicos e funcionais precoces, embora trata-se de um número pequeno e heterogêneo de pacientes. O acompanhamento a longo prazo desses pacientes é essencial para avaliarmos que papel as diferentes indicações cirúrgicas t

The Clinical and Molecular Characteristics of Adenocarcinoma Presented 
by Multi-focal GGO

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Yang SONG

2018-03-01

Full Text Available Due to emphasis on early screening for lung cancer, the detection rate of multiple ground glass opacities (GGOs on computed tomography (CT image increases in recent years, and research on multifocal adenocarcinomas presented by GGOs has been thriving. It is more common in women and non-smokers and has excellent prognosis both in patients with natural history and after surgery. These clinical features suggest that it is likely to be a distinct disease entity. From the perspective of molecular genetics, lesions in the same individual are likely to have distinct clonal features. Therefore, genetic heterogeneity is the most prominent feature of multifocal pulmonary adenocarcinomas with GGOs. The genetic heterogeneity is expected to assist the diagnosis of multifocal pulmonary adenocarcinoma and intrapulmonary metastasis, and also suggests that genetic testing of the GGO lesions is of great therapeutic significance. Some GGO lesions may harvest the similar clonal feature, which provide new evidence for the theory of spread through air spaces (STAS.

[The Clinical and Molecular Characteristics of Adenocarcinoma Presented 
by Multi-focal GGO].

Science.gov (United States)

Song, Yang; Liang, Naixin; Li, Shanqing

2018-03-20

Due to emphasis on early screening for lung cancer, the detection rate of multiple ground glass opacities (GGOs) on computed tomography (CT) image increases in recent years, and research on multifocal adenocarcinomas presented by GGOs has been thriving. It is more common in women and non-smokers and has excellent prognosis both in patients with natural history and after surgery. These clinical features suggest that it is likely to be a distinct disease entity. From the perspective of molecular genetics, lesions in the same individual are likely to have distinct clonal features. Therefore, genetic heterogeneity is the most prominent feature of multifocal pulmonary adenocarcinomas with GGOs. The genetic heterogeneity is expected to assist the diagnosis of multifocal pulmonary adenocarcinoma and intrapulmonary metastasis, and also suggests that genetic testing of the GGO lesions is of great therapeutic significance. Some GGO lesions may harvest the similar clonal feature, which provide new evidence for the theory of spread through air spaces (STAS).
.

Personalización de las constantes en las fórmulas de cálculo de la lente intraocular Personalization of constants in the intraocular lens calculation formulas

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Anneé Miranda Carracedo

2012-12-01

Full Text Available Objetivo: personalizar las constantes A, factor cirujano y profundidad de la cámara anterior para las fórmulas de cálculo de la lente intraocular en la cirugía de catarata en el Instituto Cubano de Oftalmología "Ramón Pando Ferrer" de mayo de 2007 a enero de 2011. Métodos: se realizó un estudio descriptivo retrospectivo donde se estudiaron las constantes A, factor cirujano y profundidad de la cámara anterior. También se evaluó la longitud axial preoperatoria por IOL Master, la mejor agudeza visual sin corrección, el componente esférico esperado, el componente esférico obtenido y los resultados refractivos. Resultados: las constantes optimizadas por interferometría de coherencia parcial son diferentes a las propuestas por los fabricantes de las lentes intraoculares. Estas constantes personalizadas para cada cirujano no mostraron diferencias significativas. Las constantes optimizadas según las longitudes axiales, tienen diferencias significativas en los 3 grupos de estudio. La diferencia entre la lente intraocular implantada y la propuesta con las nuevas constantes resultó menor de 1 D de error en 83,1 % de los pacientes. El 75,4 % quedó bien corregido en relación con la diferencia entre la refracción esperada y la obtenida. Conclusiones: las constantes optimizadas por interferometría de coherencia parcial resultan más elevadas que las propuestas por el fabricante. La optimización de estas en el cálculo de la lente permite, de acuerdo a las características individuales de cada ojo (longitud axial, usar la fórmula adecuada e incrementa la predictibilidad de los resultados refractivos posoperatorios.Objective: to personalize the A, surgeon factor and anterior chamber depth constants for intraocular lens calculation formulas in the cataract surgery at the “Ramón Pando Ferrer” Cuban Ophthalmological Institute from May 2007 to January 2011. Method: a retrospective and descriptive study was made to study the A constant

12 CFR 7.1003 - Money lent at banking offices or at other than banking offices.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-01-01

... 12 Banks and Banking 1 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Money lent at banking offices or at other than banking offices. 7.1003 Section 7.1003 Banks and Banking COMPTROLLER OF THE CURRENCY, DEPARTMENT OF THE... without violating 12 U.S.C. 36, 12 U.S.C. 81 and 12 CFR 5.30, provided that a third party is used to...

[Ocular syphilis: A retrospective study of 27 cases in Nantes University Hospital (France) from 2000 to 2013].

Science.gov (United States)

Carbonnière, C; Couret, C; Guillouzouic, A; Lefebvre, M; Lebranchu, P; Weber, M

2015-11-01

Syphilis may manifest as several distinct ophthalmological forms. The main objective of our study was to describe the diagnostic, therapeutic data and prognosis of ocular syphilis. We retrospectively analysed the cases of syphilitic uveitis diagnosed in the University Hospital of Nantes between 2000 and 2013. Twenty-seven patients were included in our study. Their mean age was 53.1 years. Bilateral uveitis was the most frequent clinical presentation (67%). The average diagnostic delay after the first symptoms was 2.8 months. Three patients (11%) presented with an anterior uveitis and 24 (89%) with a posterior uveitis, panuveitis or papillitis. The most frequent clinical signs were papillar lesion (44%), multifocal choroiditis (33%) and chorio-retinitis (37%). Ninety-three percent of the patients were treated with benzathine penicillin intravenously, one patient was treated by intramuscular penicillin injections and another by ceftriaxone intramuscularly. Ocular manifestations alone were sufficient to make the diagnosis of syphilis in 25 patients (93%) and of HIV seroconversion in 3 patients (11%). Forty-one percent of the patients benefited from an adjuvant therapy with corticosteroids. The treatment allowed a visual improvement of -0.48 log MAR (Psyphilis makes systematic screening in uveitis of a great value. Copyright © 2015 Société nationale française de médecine interne (SNFMI). Published by Elsevier SAS. All rights reserved.

Determining the origin of synchronous multifocal bladder cancer by exome sequencing

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Acar, Ömer; Özkurt, Ezgi; Demir, Gulfem; Saraç, Hilal; Alkan, Can; Esen, Tarık; Somel, Mehmet; Lack, Nathan A.

2015-01-01

Synchronous multifocal tumours are commonly observed in urothelial carcinomas of the bladder. The origin of these physically independent tumours has been proposed to occur by either intraluminal migration (clonal) or spontaneous transformation of multiple cells by carcinogens (field effect). It is unclear which model is correct, with several studies supporting both hypotheses. A potential cause of this uncertainty may be the small number of genetic mutations previously used to quantify the relationship between these tumours. To better understand the genetic lineage of these tumours we conducted exome sequencing of synchronous multifocal pTa urothelial bladder cancers at a high depth, using multiple samples from three patients. Phylogenetic analysis of high confidence single nucleotide variants (SNV) demonstrated that the sequenced multifocal bladder cancers arose from a clonal origin in all three patients (bootstrap value 100 %). Interestingly, in two patients the most common type of tumour-associated SNVs were cytosine mutations of TpC* dinucleotides (Fisher’s exact test p < 10 −41 ), likely caused by APOBEC-mediated deamination. Incorporating these results into our clonal model, we found that TpC* type mutations occurred 2-5× more often among SNVs on the ancestral branches than in the more recent private branches (p < 10 −4 ) suggesting that TpC* mutations largely occurred early in the development of the tumour. These results demonstrate that synchronous multifocal bladder cancers frequently arise from a clonal origin. Our data also suggests that APOBEC-mediated mutations occur early in the development of the tumour and may be a driver of tumourigenesis in non-muscle invasive urothelial bladder cancer. The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12885-015-1859-8) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users

Unusually high incidence of multifocal epithelial hyperplasia in children of the Nahuatl population of Mexico.

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Ledesma-Montes, Constantino; Mendez-Mendoza, Amilcar

2017-01-01

Multifocal epithelial hyperplasia is an uncommon disease of the oral mucosa caused by the human papilloma virus. To study the clinical and pathological findings of multifocal epithelial hyperplasia detected during an oral examination of 343 Mexican Nahuatl children from a single primary school in El Paso de Cupilco, Mexico. A thorough oral examination was performed in all children and clinical data (age, gender, location and number of lesions) were documented and analyzed. Multifocal epithelial hyperplasia was diagnosed in 110 of the 343 children (32.3%). The ages of the children varied from 5 to 15 years, and of these, 56.3% were girls. The lesions were asymptomatic, 0.2 to 3.0 cm in diameter, soft, round to oval, smooth surfaced, sessile papulonodules, similar in colour to that of the surrounding mucosa. The lesions were commonly seen on the buccal mucosa and tongue, and most affected children (85%) had less than 5 lesions. Children in the 7 to 10 years age group were most often affected. Human papillomavirus typing was not done owing to a lack of facilities. There is a high incidence of multifocal epithelial hyperplasia in Nahuatl children with a predilection for females.

Basic characterization of normal multifocal electroretinogram

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Fernandez Cherkasova, Lilia; Rojas Rondon, Irene; Castro Perez, Pedro Daniel; Lopez Felipe, Daniel; Santiesteban Freixas, Rosaralis; Mendoza Santiesteban, Carlos E

2008-01-01

A scientific literature review was made on the novel multifocal electroretinogram technique, the involved cell mechanisms and some of the factors modifying its results together with the form of presentation. The basic characteristics of this electrophysiological record obtained from several regions of the retina of normal subjects is important in order to create at a small scale a comparative database to evaluate pathological eye tracing. All this will greatly help in early less invasive electrodiagnosis of localized retinal lesions. (Author)

Optical implementation of multifocal programmable lens with single and multiple axes

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Romero, Lenny A; Millan, Maria S; Perez-Cabre, Elisabet, E-mail: lenny.alexandra.romero@upc.edu [Optics and Optometry Dep. Technical University of Catalonia Violinista Vellsola 37, 08222 Terrassa (Spain)

2011-01-01

In this work we analyse the generation of a diffractive optical element (DOE) consisting of a multifocal Fresnel lens by means of an LCoS (liquid cristal on silicon) spatial light modulator (SLM). The multifocal lens is composed of a set of lenses of different focal length that share a common optical axis (coaxial combination) or have different axes in parallel (multi-axis combination). For both configurations, we present several ways to combine the phase distributions for three lenses with different focal lengths (f1, f2, f3), into a single-phase distribution addressed to the SLM. Numerical simulations were carried out along with the experimental analysis to corroborate the results.

Líquido amniótico tópico: uma potencial nova alternativa para doenças da superfície ocular Topical amniotic fluid: a potential new alternative for ocular surface diseases

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Guilherme Goulart Quinto

2008-12-01

Full Text Available O líquido amniótico banha o feto durante a vida intra-uterina e está em contato permanente com a superfície ocular durante este importante período do desenvolvimento. Ele contém uma série de fatores de crescimento que podem ter diversos efeitos sobre o processo cicatricial. Estes fatores aceleram a recuperação da sensibilidade corneana e regeneração nervosa após procedimentos cerato-refrativos, além de controlar a formação de cicatriz e o equilíbrio da superfície ocular após sua aplicação tópica. Centenas de diferentes proteínas têm sido identificadas no líquido amniótico humano e o papel de cada uma continua desconhecido. Os resultados obtidos até o momento sobre a aplicação de líquido amniótico em doenças de superfície ocular sugerem uma terapia promissora. Pesquisas estão sendo realizadas para identificar os efeitos dos fatores específicos do líquido amniótico sobre a inflamação ocular. O objetivo desta revisão é relatar as propriedades e utilizações atuais do líquido amniótico, bem como apresentar os recentes estudos relacionados ao uso deste líquido e doenças da superfície ocular.Amniotic fluid bathes the fetus during intrauterine life and is in permanent contact with the fetal ocular surface in this important period of development. It contains a series of growth factors that may have multiple effects on the wound healing process. These factors are thought to accelerate the recovery of corneal sensitivity and nerve regeneration after keratorefractive procedures, and also may control scar formation and balance the ocular surface after topical application. Hundreds of different proteins have been identified in the human amniotic fluid, and the role of each still not quite understood. The outcomes obtained so far with amniotic fluid application to ocular surface diseases suggest a promising therapy. Research is underway to identify the effects of specific factors of the amniotic fluid in ocular

A Rare Multifocal Pattern of Type 2 Autoimmune Pancreatitis with Negative IgG4: A Potential Diagnostic Pitfall That May Mimic Multifocal Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma

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Partha Hota

2018-02-01

Full Text Available Autoimmune pancreatitis (AIP is an increasingly recognized form of acute pancreatitis characterized by obstructive jaundice with a rapid and dramatic treatment response to steroid therapy. Recently, AIP has been divided into two distinct phenotypes: lymphoplasmocytic sclerosing pancreatitis AIP (type 1 and idiopathic duct-centric pancreatitis AIP (type 2; each of which have their own distinct demographics, diagnostic criteria, and histopathological features. We report, to the best of our knowledge, the first case of a multifocal pattern of type 2 AIP characterized with both CT and MR imaging. This rare imaging pattern of AIP may mimic the appearance of more worrisome malignant etiologies such as multifocal pancreatic adenocarcinoma or lymphoma, with overlapping imaging characteristics potentially complicating or delaying diagnosis. Therefore, recognition of this atypical pattern of AIP and avoidance of this potential diagnostic pitfall is crucial.

Multifocal Langerhans cell sarcoma involving epidermis: a case report and review

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Wang Changsong

2012-08-01

Full Text Available Abstract Objective To study the clinico-pathological characteristics of Langerhans cell sarcoma (LCS which involving epidermis. Methods A case of primary multifocal LCS was analyzed in histopathology and immunophenotype. Results A 41-year-old man with multifocal cutaneous LCS involving the inguina and waist was reported. Clinical and pathology data were available. Neoplastic cells with markedly malignant cytological features were observed. Tumor cells exhibited irregular shape with abundant and eosinophilic red staining cytoplasm; large, irregular-shaped, showing lobulated or dented nucleus and some cells with a longitudinal nuclear groove and prominent nucleoli. The tumor cells expressed CD1a, Langerin (CD207, S-100 protein, CD68 and vimentin, and did not express pan-T or B cell markers and epithelial markers. The patient died less than 1 year after diagnosis due to local recurrence and metastasis to the lung, despite the administration of local radiation and chemotherapy. Conclusions LCS is a tumor with markedly malignant cytological features that originates from Langerhans cells. Primary multifocal neoplasms involving epidermis is even rare. Accurate diagnosis is based on the histopathological and immunohistochemical of the tumor cells. Virtual slide The virtual slide(s for this article can be found here: http://www.diagnosticpathology.diagnomx.eu/vs/1182345104754765.

Validity of automated refraction after segmented refractive multifocal intraocular lens implantation

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César Albarrán-Diego

2017-11-01

Full Text Available AIM: To evaluate the clinical utility of automated refraction (AR and keratometry (KR compared with subjective or manifest refraction (MR after cataract or refractive lens exchange surgery with implantation of Lentis Mplus X (Oculentis GmbH refractive multifocal intraocular lens (IOL. METHODS: Eighty-six eyes implanted with the Lentis Mplus X multifocal IOL were included. MR was performed in all patients followed by three consecutive AR measurements using the Topcon KR-8000 autorefractor. Assessment of repeatability of consecutive AR before and after dilation with phenylephrine 10%, and comparison of the AR and KR with MR using vector analysis were performed at 3mo follow-up. RESULTS: Analysis showed excellent repeatability of the AR measurements. Linear regression of AR versus MR showed good correlation for sphere and spherical equivalent, whereas the correlation for astigmatism was low. The mean difference AR-MR was -1.28±0.29 diopters (D for sphere. Astigmatism showed better correlation between KR and MR. CONCLUSION: We suggest AR sphere plus 1.25 D and the KR cylinder as the starting point for MR in eyes with a Lentis Mplus X multifocal IOL. If AR measurements are equal to MR, decentration of the IOL should be suspected.

Indocyanine Green Angiographic and Multifocal Electroretinographic Features in the Diffuse and Regional Form of Bietti′s Crystalline Retinopathy

Institute of Scientific and Technical Information of China (English)

Libin Jiang; Feng Wen; Lezheng Wu; Hong Yan; Shixing Hu

2002-01-01

Prpose: To observe different features of indocyanine green angiography(ICGA) andtifocal electroretinography (ERG) in the diffuse and regional type of Bieti′sc stalline retinopathy (BCR). Thods: ICGA and the multifocal ERG were performed in two cases of the diffuse andregional type of BCR respectively. These data were compared with fluoresceinangiography (FA), standard Ganzfeld ERG, and visual field testing. Results: In the regional case, ICGA revealed reduced perfusion of the choroidalcirculation in the early phase and multiple hypofluorescent spots in the posterior pole in the late phase, due to choriocapillaris filling defect; the extent of choroiocapillaris losswas shown in early phase of ICGA and there were multifocal hyperfluorescent dotssurrounding hypofluorescent spots in late phase in the diffuse case. The multifocal ERGshowed that the central responses were markedly depressed, corresponding to the visualfield defects, while the findings of Ganzfeld ERG were normal in the regional BCR;however, both the multifocal ERG and Ganzfeld ERG were severely subnormal in thediffuse case.Conclusions: The features of ICGA and multifocal ERG are different between the diffuseand regional BCR. In the meantime, the two tools are also useful to differentiate the typeand assess the extentof evolution in BCR.

Tumor ocular metastásico Metastatic ocular tumor

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Martha G Domínguez Expósito

2004-06-01

Full Text Available El carcinoma metastásico del ojo es considerado la neoplasia maligna que más frecuente se encuentra de forma intraocular. Solo cerca del 10 % de las personas que tienen una o más lesiones metastásicas intraoculares son detectadas clínicamente antes de la muerte. A menudo, el carcinoma metastásico ocular es diagnosticado por el oftalmólogo ante la presencia de síntomas oculares. Las lesiones están localizadas con preferencia en coroides. Nos motivo a realizar la presentación de este caso la presencia de lesiones intraoculares múltiples tumorales metastásicos en un paciente cuyo síntoma de presentación fue la disminución de la agudeza visualThe eye metastatic carcinoma is considered the most frequently found intraocular malignant neoplasia. Only 10 % of the persons with one or more metastatic intraocular injuries are clinically detected before death. The metastatic ocular carcinoma is often diagnosed by the ophthalmologist in the presence of ocular symptoms. The injuries are preferably located in the choroid. The appearance of multiple metastatic intraaocular tumoral injuries in a patient whose chief complaint was the reduction of visual acuity motivated us to presente this case

Nueva variante de abordaje al surco ciliar en la fijación transescleral de lentes de cámara posterior New variant of approach to the ciliary sulcus in the transcleral fixation of posterior chamber lens

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Ileana Vila Dópico

2002-06-01

Full Text Available Se expone una variante de abordaje al surco ciliar para la fijación del lente intraocular de cámara posterior, que está a nuestro alcance, en pacientes en que no existe soporte capsular o este es insuficiente. Se describe la técnica. Se realizó en 17 pacientes de los que se obtuvo mejoría visual en todos los casos (20/50-20/20 con un seguimiento promedio de 12 meses. Esta variante tiene la ventaja de evitar el paso de la aguja por el surco ciliar a ciegas, pues se utiliza el abordaje a través de la esclera y con ello evitamos dañar estructuras oculares aledañas evitando el riesgo de complicaciones por lo que se logra la recuperación anatómica y funcional en todos los casos.A variant to approach the ciliary sulcus for fixating the posterior chamber intraocular lens, which is within our reach, in patients with insufficient or no capsular support, is explained. The technique is described here and it was applied to 17 patients. Visual improvement was obtained in all cases (20/50-20/20 with an average follow-up of 12 months. This variant allows to prevent the blind passage of the needle through the ciliary sulcus, since it is approached via the sclera, avoiding to damage adjoining ocular structures and to have complications, and making possible the anatomic and functional recovery of all patients.

Intra-arterial injection of iodine-131-labeled lipiodol for treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Boucher, Eveline; Garin, Etienne; Guylligomarc'h, Anne; Olivie, Damien; Boudjema, Karim; Raoul, Jean-Luc

2007-01-01

Background/Aim: The therapeutic effect of intra-arterial injection of 131-iodine-labeled lipiodol for treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma in palliative or adjuvant settings has been promising. We report, the results of an open study of this therapy in cirrhotic patients with small hepatocellular carcinoma. Patients and method: Forty patients with hepatocellular carcinoma were given intra-arterial injections of 131-iodine-labeled lipiodol. These injections were repeated if necessary every 3 months. Tumor response (WHO criteria) was determined on CT scans performed after each treatment and every 3 months during the follow-up. Side effects and the cause of death were recorded. Therapeutic response and survival were analyzed. Results: The median number of treatment was 2 (1-4). There was one complete response, 18 partial responses (47.5% response rate); 19 had stable disease and 2 progressions. Overall survival rates (±CI 95%) at 1, 2 and 3 years were: 90 ± 4.7%, 60.3 ± 8%, and 39 ± 8.3%, respectively. Median survival was 27 months; 25 patients have died (4-56 months), 8 of tumor progression with a multifocal spread in the liver. Tolerance was good except for 2 patients who develop a fatal drug-related pulmonary insufficiency. Conclusion: These data suggest that intra-arterial therapeutic injection of 131-iodine-labeled lipiodol for treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma can provide high rate response and long survival for individuals not eligible for surgery or local treatment

Predictability of uncontrollable multifocal seizures - towards new treatment options

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Lehnertz, Klaus; Dickten, Henning; Porz, Stephan; Helmstaedter, Christoph; Elger, Christian E.

2016-04-01

Drug-resistant, multifocal, non-resectable epilepsies are among the most difficult epileptic disorders to manage. An approach to control previously uncontrollable seizures in epilepsy patients would consist of identifying seizure precursors in critical brain areas combined with delivering a counteracting influence to prevent seizure generation. Predictability of seizures with acceptable levels of sensitivity and specificity, even in an ambulatory setting, has been repeatedly shown, however, in patients with a single seizure focus only. We did a study to assess feasibility of state-of-the-art, electroencephalogram-based seizure-prediction techniques in patients with uncontrollable multifocal seizures. We obtained significant predictive information about upcoming seizures in more than two thirds of patients. Unexpectedly, the emergence of seizure precursors was confined to non-affected brain areas. Our findings clearly indicate that epileptic networks, spanning lobes and hemispheres, underlie generation of seizures. Our proof-of-concept study is an important milestone towards new therapeutic strategies based on seizure-prediction techniques for clinical practice.

Lentes de contato filtrantes coloridas nas discromatopsias: relato de casos Absorptive and colored contact lenses in color-vision defects: case report

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Luciene Chaves Fernandes

2003-06-01

Full Text Available As autoras propõem a utilização de lentes de contato filtrantes coloridas para melhora da discriminação de cores e do ofuscamento, em portadores de discromatopsia, na impossibilidade de montagem de filtros coloridos em óculos. Foram adaptadas lentes de contato filtrantes coloridas em dois portadores de discromatopsias, um com deutanopia e outro com acromatopsia. No primeiro, adaptou-se lente rígida filtrante, de polimetilmetacrilato (PMMA, vermelha, no olho não dominante, com o objetivo de melhorar a discriminação de cores. No segundo, colocou-se lente filtrante gelatinosa, de uso diário, de coloração marrom escuro com pupila âmbar, visando melhorar o ofuscamento. No primeiro caso, o paciente manteve inalterada a acuidade visual e também o contraste, porém demonstrou melhora na discriminação das cores ao teste de PV-16. No segundo caso, houve melhora subjetiva acentuada do ofuscamento tanto em ambiente interno, como externo. A acuidade visual e a visão de cores permaneceram sem alterações. Os achados sugerem a possibilidade de contarmos com as lentes de contato filtrantes coloridas como importante auxílio para a melhora na discriminação de cores e ofuscamento, nas discromatopsias.The authors propose the use of absorptive and colored contact lenses as an aid to color defects in making color judgments and reduce glare sensitivity in dichromatic subjects, when the use of filter in glasses is not possible. Absorptive and colored contact lenses were adapted in two dichromatic subjects, one deutanope and the other with achromatopsia. In the former, a hard absorptive, red-colored, polymethacrylate lens was adapted monocularly, in the non-dominant eye to help color judgments. In the latter, a soft absorptive, dark brown-colored lens with amber pupil was worn in both eyes to reduce glare sensitivity. Subject # 1 remained with the same visual acuity and contrast sensitivity and demonstrated a better color perception on the PV-16

Imaging manifestations of progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Shah, R.; Bag, A.K.; Chapman, P.R.; Cure, J.K.

2010-01-01

Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML) is a demyelinating disease caused by reactivation of JC virus in immunosuppressed patients. The diagnosis is usually suggested on imaging and confirmed by cerebrospinal fluid polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for JC virus DNA. In this article, we review the imaging manifestations of PML on computed tomography (CT), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI), diffusion tensor imaging (DTI), MR spectroscopy, single photon-emission computed tomography (SPECT) and positron-emission tomography (PET), and outline the role of imaging in follow-up and prognostication.

[Clinical results after implantation of a new segmental refractive multifocal intraocular lens].

Science.gov (United States)

Thomas, B C; Auffarth, G U; Philips, R; Novák, J; Blazek, J; Adamkova, H; Rabsilber, T M

2013-11-01

The aim of the study was a clinical evaluation of an intraocular lens (IOL) with a segmental multifocal optic design and near addition of + 3.0 D as part of a CE approval study. In a multicenter study the LENTIS Mplus LS-312 MF IOL (Oculentis) was implanted in 134 eyes of 79 patients with a mean age of 68 ± 12 years. The multifocality is achieved by implementation of a distance part and a segmented near sector. Three months after surgery, uncorrected and best corrected distance visual acuity (UCDVA and BCDVA, respectively), near visual acuity (UCNVA and BCNVA, respectively), contrast vision and patient satisfaction (questionnaire) were evaluated. The IOLs were implanted uneventfully either unilaterally or bilaterally and 3 months postoperatively (n = 86 eyes) the following mean visual acuities were obtained (logMAR): UCDVA = 0.05, BCDVA = - 0.01, UCNVA = 0.09 and BCNVA = 0.02. Contrast sensitivity (n = 25 eyes) was within normal limits. Of the 66 questioned patients 10.6% spontaneously reported halos and 3% glare. This new innovative multifocal IOL concept showed very good functional results as well as high patient satisfaction.

Alergia ocular: un reto diagnóstico Ocular allergy: a diagnostic challenge

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Ricardo Cardona Villa

2007-12-01

Full Text Available El ojo es uno de los órganos más sensibles y está permanentemente expuesto a diversos agentes ambientales. Dado que la conjuntiva es un tejido inmunológicamente activo, no es sorprendente que sea un sitio común de respuestas alérgicas. Las alergias oculares son un grupo de enfermedades que afectan la superficie conjuntival y están asociadas usualmente a reacciones de hipersensibilidad tipo 1. Pueden ser divididas en varias categorías: conjuntivitis alérgica estacional, conjuntivitis alérgica perenne, queratoconjuntivitis vernal y queratoconjuntivitis atópica. La inflamación de la superficie ocular produce prurito, lagrimeo, edema conjuntival y fotofobia. Como en otras enfermedades alérgicas, se puede desarrollar una condición crónica, acompañada de remodelación de los tejidos oculares. Las estrategias para el tratamiento de la alergia ocular han aumentado exponencialmente y los clínicos disponen de un inventario cada vez mayor de agentes dirigidos a la protección del ojo contra la inflamación. En este trabajo presentamos una revisión sobre las principales formas de alergia ocular, haciendo énfasis en el cuadro clínico, el diagnóstico y las nuevas opciones terapéuticas disponibles en la actualidad. The eye, one of the most sensitive organs, is permanently exposed to different environmental agents. Since the conjunctiva is an immunologically active tissue, it is not surprising for it to be a common site for allergic responses. Ocular allergies constitute a group of diseases affecting the conjunctival surface; they are usually associated with type 1 hypersensitivity reactions. This disorder can be divided into several categories: seasonal allergic conjunctivitis, perennial allergic conjunctivitis, vernal keratoconjunctivitis and atopic keratoconjunctivitis. Ocular surface inflammation results in itching, tearing, conjunctival edema, and photophobia. As is the case with other allergic diseases, a chronic situation can also

Chest wall resection for multifocal osseous haemangioma.

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Weinandt, Marthe; Legras, Antoine; Mordant, Pierre; Le Pimpec Barthes, Françoise

2016-02-01

Intraosseous haemangioma is a rare and benign primary tumour of the bone. We report the case of a 76-year old woman who presented the exceptional condition of multifocal cavernous haemangiomas involving the spine and the ribs, requiring spinal and chest wall resections to confirm the diagnosis and treat the symptoms. © The Author 2015. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the European Association for Cardio-Thoracic Surgery. All rights reserved.

N-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids of Marine Origin and Multifocality in Human Breast Cancer.

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Lobna Ouldamer

Full Text Available The microenvironment of breast epithelial tissue may contribute to the clinical expression of breast cancer. Breast epithelial tissue, whether healthy or tumoral, is directly in contact with fat cells, which in turn could influence tumor multifocality. In this pilot study we investigated whether the fatty acid composition of breast adipose tissue differed according to breast cancer focality.Twenty-three consecutive women presenting with non-metastatic breast cancer underwent breast-imaging procedures including Magnetic Resonance Imaging prior to treatment. Breast adipose tissue specimens were collected during breast surgery. We established a biochemical profile of adipose tissue fatty acids by gas chromatography. We assessed whether there were differences according to breast cancer focality.We found that decreased levels in breast adipose tissue of docosahexaenoic and eicosapentaenoic acids, the two main polyunsaturated n-3 fatty acids of marine origin, were associated with multifocality.These differences in lipid content may contribute to mechanisms through which peritumoral adipose tissue fuels breast cancer multifocality.

N-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids of Marine Origin and Multifocality in Human Breast Cancer.

Science.gov (United States)

Ouldamer, Lobna; Goupille, Caroline; Vildé, Anne; Arbion, Flavie; Body, Gilles; Chevalier, Stephan; Cottier, Jean Philippe; Bougnoux, Philippe

2016-01-01

The microenvironment of breast epithelial tissue may contribute to the clinical expression of breast cancer. Breast epithelial tissue, whether healthy or tumoral, is directly in contact with fat cells, which in turn could influence tumor multifocality. In this pilot study we investigated whether the fatty acid composition of breast adipose tissue differed according to breast cancer focality. Twenty-three consecutive women presenting with non-metastatic breast cancer underwent breast-imaging procedures including Magnetic Resonance Imaging prior to treatment. Breast adipose tissue specimens were collected during breast surgery. We established a biochemical profile of adipose tissue fatty acids by gas chromatography. We assessed whether there were differences according to breast cancer focality. We found that decreased levels in breast adipose tissue of docosahexaenoic and eicosapentaenoic acids, the two main polyunsaturated n-3 fatty acids of marine origin, were associated with multifocality. These differences in lipid content may contribute to mechanisms through which peritumoral adipose tissue fuels breast cancer multifocality.

Nonsyndromic Synchronous Multifocal Central Giant Cell Granulomas of the Maxillofacial Region: Report of a Case.

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Anita Munde

2015-04-01

Full Text Available Central giant cell granuloma (CGCG is a benign proliferation of fibroblasts and multinucleated giant cells that almost exclusively occurs in the jaws. It commonly occurs in young adults showing a female predilection in the anterior mandible. Multifocal CGCGs in maxillofacial region are very rare and suggestive of systemic diseases such as hyperparathyroidism, an inherited syndrome such as Noonan-like multiple giant cell lesion syndrome or other disorders. Only 10 cases of multifocal CGCGs in the maxillofacial region without any concomitant systemic disease have been reported in the English literature. Here, we report an unusual case of 36 year-old female presented with non-syndromic synchronous, multifocal CGCGs in the left posterior mandible and left posterior maxilla without any concomitant systemic disease. Relevant literature is reviewed and the incidence, clinical features, radiological features, differential diagnosis and management of CGCGs are discussed.

Multifocal Synchronous Granular Cell Tumors of the Gastrointestinal Tract

OpenAIRE

Lipkin-Moore, Zachary; Thomas, Rebecca M.; Rothstein, Robin D.

2014-01-01

Granular cell tumors (GCT) are rare and unusual tumors, which are usually benign and asymptomatic. Only 5?10% of cases involve the gastrointestinal tract, most commonly as singular, non-cancerous lesions in the esophagus. We report a rare case of symptomatic, multifocal, synchronous GCT involving the esophagus, stomach, and cecum.

Coloboma ocular: alterações oculares e sistêmicas associadas

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Tzelikis Patrick Frensel de Moraes

2004-01-01

Full Text Available OBJETIVO: Avaliar e comparar com a literatura o perfil dos pacientes portadores de colobomas oculares, bem como verificar a acuidade visual, alterações oculares associadas e alterações sistêmicas apresentadas pelos mesmos. MÉTODOS: Foram estudados retrospectivamente 18 pacientes com diagnóstico de coloboma ocular matriculados no serviço de Visão Subnormal do Hospital São Geraldo da Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (HSG - HCUFMG. Foram avaliados: sexo, idade, raça, história familiar de anomalias oculares, história gestacional, tipo de coloboma, localização, bilateralidade, presença de microftalmia ou anoftalmia, alterações oculares concomitantes, e associação com doenças sistêmicas e acuidade visual. RESULTADO: Dez (55,6% pacientes eram do sexo feminino, 15 (83,3% eram leucodérmicos. A idade variou de 4 a 57 anos, com média de 9,5 anos. Apenas 3 (16,7% apresentavam história familiar para coloboma. Todos apresentavam história gestacional negativa para qualquer intercorrência. Houve acometimento bilateral em 100% dos casos, com microftalmia presente em 6 (33,3% casos. O coloboma foi típico em 14 (77,8% pacientes, sendo o coloboma mais comum o retinocoroidal ocorrendo em 16 (88,9% pacientes. 50% dos pacientes apresentavam o coloboma como achado isolado, e a outra metade associado a alguma doença sistêmica. Em 14 (77,8% pacientes foi encontrado algum tipo de alteração ocular além do coloboma. CONCLUSÃO: O exame oftalmológico completo é muito importante tanto no diagnóstico quanto no prognóstico de pacientes com coloboma, visto que este pode estar associado a uma baixa visual importante, além de poder estar relacionados a diferentes anomalias ou síndromes.

The impact of radiotherapy for carcinoma of the cervix on sexual function assessed using the LENT SOMA scales

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Davidson, Susan E.; Burns, Meriel P.; Routledge, Jacqueline A.; Swindell, Ric

2003-01-01

Background and purpose: As there are few studies examining the impact of radiotherapy on sexuality, we assessed the effect of radiotherapy for carcinoma of the cervix on sexual health and the ability of the LENT system to assess sexual function. Materials and methods: Using the vagina and sexual dysfunction scales of the LENT SOMA scales, subjective scores were measured prospectively before initiation of radiotherapy for 89 women, and at the following times after the start of treatment: 21, 70, 200, 400, 600 and 800 days. Results: There was considerable variation in pre-radiotherapy scores that was not related to disease stage (P=0.054), but was related to patient age (P=0.037, for the average vagina scores and P=0.039 for the maximum vagina scores) The scores were influenced by prior surgery (P<0.0005 for maximum and average vagina scores, P=0.042 average and 0.017 maximum sexual dysfunction scores). For 48 patients for whom data were available at the first three time points, the vagina scores decreased significantly by 70 days compared to pre-radiotherapy scores, but not for sexual dysfunction. There was heterogeneity in the pattern of changes of scores over time: for some women there was no change in vagina subsection score, some increased, and some decreased. Conclusions: The work has shown variation both in pre-treatment sexual function and in the pattern of changes seen following radiotherapy. Our questionnaire proved useful to score subjective sexual and vaginal problems as given in the LENT subjective scales. Further study is needed to assess the effectiveness of the scales in assessing late effects

Espectrofotometria de lentes oftálmicas filtrantes coloridas sob radiação ultravioleta a e luz visível Spectrophotometry of ophthalmic filtering color lenses under ultraviolet radiation and visible light

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Luís Felipe Fornaciari Ramos

2003-06-01

Full Text Available OBJETIVO: Determinar a transmitância das lentes oftálmicas filtrantes coloridas submetidas à radiação UV A e luz visível e comparar seus resultados na faixa de comprimento de onda compreendida entre 320 e 800 nanômetros (nm. MÉTODOS: Análise espectrofotométrica das lentes filtrantes amarela 1, laranja, verde e fumê da marca "Danny" e amarela 2 da marca "Rio de Janeiro", disponíveis em nosso meio, utilizando-se espectrofotômetro Modelo 6.400, marca JEM Way. RESULTADOS: Todas as lentes estudadas apresentaram padrões de transmitância bastante individualizados, com curvas variáveis para os diversos comprimentos de onda. Na faixa es- pectrofotométrica de 320 a 400 nm, todas as lentes apresentaram transmitância inferior a 4% sendo que a lente amarela 1 apresentou a maior média (3,7 % ao passo que a fumê apresentou a menor média 0,45%. Contudo não foi observado uma diferença estatisticamente significativa entre estas lentes; a lente amarela 2 mostrou melhor proteção em comparação à lente amarela 1 e a laranja. Na análise espectrofotométrica realizada em diferentes posições da mesma lente constatou-se diversidade na curva de variância, apesar de não demonstrar diferença estatisticamente significativa. CONCLUSÕES: Para se indicar um filtro com segurança, as propriedades espectrais do filtro devem ser determinadas pela análise espectrofotométrica. É mais importante a capacidade de filtrar radiações luminosas do que somente ser colorido ou não.PURPOSE: Determination of transmittance curves through spetrophotometric measurementes of color filtering lenses submitted to UVA and light visible radiation, and comparison of the results in the band between 320 and 800 nanometres (nm. METHODS: The filtering color of Danny yellow 1, orange, green and grey and Rio de Janeiro yellow 2 lenses have been analyzed using JEM Way model 6.400 spectrophotometer. RESULTS: All lenses showed distinct and variable transmittance in the

The multifocal electroretinogram (mfERG) in the pig

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Voss Kyhn, Maria; Kiilgaard, Jens Folke; Lopez, Ana Garcia

2007-01-01

To establish a method allowing multifocal electroretinography (mfERG) recording with simultaneous fundus monitoring on anaesthetized pigs. In addition we characterize the peaks of the porcine mfERG trace, and compare the visual streak area with the optic nerve head, a known non-response area....... Finally we illustrate the feasibility of the method by performing mfERG after an induced laser burn in the visual streak....

A case of osseous scintigraphy showing focuses of multifocal tuberculosis

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Faurous-Vanaud, R.; Faurous, P.; Kalfa, G.; Collet, H.; Couty, H.; Artus, J.C.

1997-01-01

Incidence of tuberculosis in developed countries presents in the last years a spectacular boost. However, the osteo-articular system is afflicted by tuberculosis only in a few percent of cases and the multifocal character represents less than 5% of osseous tuberculosis. It is presented here a case of multifocal osseous tuberculosis only to stress its rarity. A woman 28 years old from Djibouti presents since 8 months an asthenia and dorsal pains long thought as psychalgia. The examination has shown a major vertebral stiffness and limitation of right haunch. The radiographs showed a scoliosis centered on D8 with modifications. The biologic data are VS = 90, CRP = 124 and the hemogram is normal. The intradermal reaction (10 U of tuberculin) is phlyctenular. The TDM indicates lytic vertebral extension on D7 - D8, the osseous scintigraphy with MDP - 99 mTc indicates no anomaly in the vascular arrival time; a few minutes after injection: dorsal and upper and of right femur hyperactivity; 2 h after injection: hyper-fixation of D7 to D9 and of the upper end of right femur. The IRM indicates para-vertebral abscess of D7 to D9 with epidural abscess; abscess in the upper part of the loge of right adductors with osseous affliction of the femur's upper end; a bacillary infectious process was a priori evoked. The patient was then placed under quadruple antibiotic-therapy anti-tuberculous care. In case of anomalous multifocal osseous scintigraphy the tuberculous affliction is part of the differential diagnosis, particularly in the immigrant populations or in HIV+ persons

Multifocal Intraocular Lens Results in Correcting Presbyopia in Eyes After Radial Keratotomy.

Science.gov (United States)

Kim, Kyeong Hwan; Seok, Kyung-Won; Kim, Wan Soo

2017-11-01

To report results of multifocal intraocular lens (IOL) implantation in 2 patients with refractive error and presbyopia after previous radial keratotomy (RK). A refractive multifocal IOL with rotational asymmetry (LS313-MF30; Oculentis, Berlin, Germany) was implanted. The first patient was a 60-year-old man with myopia who underwent unilateral RK 20 years before. His uncorrected distance visual acuity (UDVA) was 20/400, and his distance corrected near vision was J9 in both eyes. Six months after bilateral surgery, his binocular UDVA and uncorrected near visual acuity (UNVA) improved to 20/20 and J1, respectively, although he experienced diurnal fluctuation. The second patient was a 55-year-old woman with hyperopia who underwent bilateral RK 18 years before. Uncorrected distance visual acuity was 20/25 in both eyes, but UNVA was between J9 and J10. Three months after unilateral surgery, UDVA and UNVA of the postsurgical eye improved to 20/20 and J1, respectively. Neither patient reported any significant photic phenomena, and both were satisfied with the results of treatment. The desirable clinical outcomes and levels of satisfaction expressed by these patients indicate that surgery using this particular multifocal IOL may benefit presbyopic patients with previous RK.

Chronic multifocal non-bacterial osteomyelitis in hypophosphatasia mimicking malignancy

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Warmuth-Metz Monika

2007-01-01

Full Text Available Abstract Background Hypophosphatasia (HP is characterized by a genetic defect in the tissue-nonspecific alkaline phosphatase (TNSALP gene and predominantly an autosomal recessive trait. HP patients suffer from reduced bone mineralization. Biochemically, elevated concentrations of substrates of TNSALP, including pyridoxal-5'-phosphate and inorganic pyrophosphate occur in serum, tissues and urine. The latter has been associated with chronic inflammation and hyperprostaglandinism. Case presentation We report on 2 affected children presenting with multifocal inflammatory bone lesions mimicking malignancy: A 6 years old girl with short stature had been treated with human growth hormone since 6 months. Then she started to complain about a painful swelling of her left cheek. MRI suggested a malignant bone lesion. Bone biopsy, however, revealed chronic inflammation. A bone scan showed a second rib lesion. Since biopsy was sterile, the descriptive diagnosis of chronic non-bacterial osteomyelitis (CNO was established. The diagnostic tests related to growth failure were repeated and subsequent analyses demonstrated a molecular defect in the TNSALP gene. The second girl (10 years old complained about back pain after she had fallen from her bike. X rays of her spine revealed compressions of 2 thoracic vertebrae. At first these were considered trauma related, however a bone scan did show an additional lesion in the right 4th rib. A biopsy of this rib revealed a sterile lympho- plasmocytoid osteomyelitis suggesting multifocal CNO. Further analyses did show a decreased TNSALP in leukocytes and elevated pyridoxal phosphate in plasma, suggesting a heterozygous carrier status of HP. Conclusion Chronic bone oedema in adult HP and chronic hyper-prostaglandinism in childhood HP do suggest that in some HP patients bone inflammation is present in conjunction with the metabolic defect. Sterile multifocal osteomyelitis could be demonstrated. Non-steroidal anti

Outcomes of excimer laser enhancements in pseudophakic patients with multifocal intraocular lens

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Schallhorn SC

2016-04-01

Full Text Available Steven C Schallhorn,1–3 Jan A Venter,2 David Teenan,2 Julie M Schallhorn,3 Keith A Hettinger,2 Stephen J Hannan,2 Martina Pelouskova2 1Department of Ophthalmology, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA; 2Optical Express, Glasgow, UK; 3Department of Ophthalmology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA Purpose: The aim of this study was to assess visual and refractive outcomes of laser vision correction (LVC to correct residual refraction after multifocal intraocular lens (IOL implantation. Patients and methods: In this retrospective study, 782 eyes that underwent LVC to correct unintended ametropia after multifocal IOL implantation were evaluated. Of all multifocal lenses implanted during primary procedure, 98.7% were refractive and 1.3% had a diffractive design. All eyes were treated with VISX STAR S4 IR excimer laser using a convectional ablation profile. Refractive outcomes, visual acuities, patient satisfaction, and quality of life were evaluated at the last available visit. Results: The mean time between enhancement and last visit was 6.3±4.4 months. Manifest spherical equivalent changed from -0.02±0.83 D (-3.38 D to +2.25 D pre-enhancement to 0.00±0.34 D (-1.38 D to +1.25 D post-enhancement. At the last follow-up, the percentage of eyes within 0.50 D and 1.00 D of emmetropia was 90.4% and 99.5%, respectively. Of all eyes, 74.9% achieved monocular uncorrected distance visual acuity 20/20 or better. The mean corrected distance visual acuity remained the same before (-0.04±0.06 logMAR [logarithm of the minimum angle of resolution] and after LVC procedure (-0.04±0.07 logMAR; P=0.70. There was a slight improvement in visual phenomena (starburst, halo, glare, ghosting/double vision following the enhancement. No sight-threatening complications related to LVC occurred in this study. Conclusion: LVC in pseudophakic patients with multifocal IOL was safe, effective, and predictable in a large cohort of

Case report: multifocal subchondral stress fractures of the femoral heads and tibial condyles in a young military recruit.

Science.gov (United States)

Yoon, Pil Whan; Yoo, Jeong Joon; Yoon, Kang Sup; Kim, Hee Joong

2012-03-01

Subchondral stress fractures of the femoral head may be either of the insufficiency-type with poor quality bone or the fatigue-type with normal quality bone but subject to high repetitive stresses. Unlike osteonecrosis, multiple site involvement rarely has been reported for subchondral stress fractures. We describe a case of multifocal subchondral stress fractures involving femoral heads and medial tibial condyles bilaterally within 2 weeks. A 27-year-old military recruit began having left knee pain after 2 weeks of basic training, without any injury. Subsequently, right knee, right hip, and left hip pain developed sequentially within 2 weeks. The diagnosis of multifocal subchondral stress fracture was confirmed by plain radiographs and MR images. Nonoperative treatment of the subchondral stress fractures of both medial tibial condyles and the left uncollapsed femoral head resulted in resolution of symptoms. The collapsed right femoral head was treated with a fibular strut allograft to restore congruity and healed without further collapse. There has been one case report in which an insufficiency-type subchondral stress fracture of the femoral head and medial femoral condyle occurred within a 2-year interval. Because the incidence of bilateral subchondral stress fractures of the femoral head is low and multifocal involvement has not been reported, multifocal subchondral stress fractures can be confused with multifocal osteonecrosis. Our case shows that subchondral stress fractures can occur in multiple sites almost simultaneously.

Gene therapy for ocular diseases.

Science.gov (United States)

Liu, Melissa M; Tuo, Jingsheng; Chan, Chi-Chao

2011-05-01

The eye is an easily accessible, highly compartmentalised and immune-privileged organ that offers unique advantages as a gene therapy target. Significant advancements have been made in understanding the genetic pathogenesis of ocular diseases, and gene replacement and gene silencing have been implicated as potentially efficacious therapies. Recent improvements have been made in the safety and specificity of vector-based ocular gene transfer methods. Proof-of-concept for vector-based gene therapies has also been established in several experimental models of human ocular diseases. After nearly two decades of ocular gene therapy research, preliminary successes are now being reported in phase 1 clinical trials for the treatment of Leber congenital amaurosis. This review describes current developments and future prospects for ocular gene therapy. Novel methods are being developed to enhance the performance and regulation of recombinant adeno-associated virus- and lentivirus-mediated ocular gene transfer. Gene therapy prospects have advanced for a variety of retinal disorders, including retinitis pigmentosa, retinoschisis, Stargardt disease and age-related macular degeneration. Advances have also been made using experimental models for non-retinal diseases, such as uveitis and glaucoma. These methodological advancements are critical for the implementation of additional gene-based therapies for human ocular diseases in the near future.

Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy: new concepts

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Marco A. Lima

2013-09-01

Full Text Available Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML is a demyelinating disease of the CNS caused by reactivation of JC virus (JCV in a setting of cellular immunosuppression. Originally, PML was observed in patients with advanced HIV infection, lymphoproliferative disorders and transplant recipients. However, the widespread use of HIV antiretroviral drugs and the new selective immunomodulatory and immunosuppressive medications, such as Rituximab and Natalizumab, has recently modified the epidemiology, clinical presentation and prognosis of PML. Herein, we discuss the new concepts on PML, emphasizing the recent modification in the epidemiology; the impact of new immunomodulatory treatments in the disease, PML-IRIS (Immune reconstitution inflammatory síndrome, new treatment strategies and other JCV related CNS diseases.

Unusual multifocal granulomatous disease caused by actinomycetous bacteria in a nestling Derbyan parrot (Psittacula derbiana).

Science.gov (United States)

Park, F J; Jaensch, S

2009-01-01

A nestling Derbyan parrot (Psittacula derbiana) was presented with unusual subcutaneous swellings of the thigh regions, and poor growth. Histological examination revealed actinomycetous bacteria associated with multifocal systemic granulomas. The clinical and pathological findings of the case are presented, and some relevant aspects of actinomycetous bacterial infections in mammals and birds are discussed. Although granulomatous disease is encountered at times in avian species, the actinomycetous bacteria (Nocardia and Actinomyces spp.) have rarely been reported in association with multifocal granulomatous disease in birds.

The Mathematical Theory of Multifocal Lenses

Institute of Scientific and Technical Information of China (English)

Jacob RUBINSTEIN

2017-01-01

This paper presents the fundamental optical concepts of designing multifocal ophthalmic lenses and the mathematical methods associated with them.In particular,it is shown that the design methodology is heavily based on differential geometric ideas such as Willmore surfaces.A key role is played by Hamilton's eikonal functions.It is shown that these functions capture all the information on the local blur and distortion created by the lenses.Along the way,formulas for computing the eikonal functions are derived.Finally,the author lists a few intriguing mathematical problems and novel concepts in optics as future projects.

Renal Function Outcomes for Multifocal Renal Neoplasms Managed by Radiofrequency Ablation

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Gupta, Pushpender, E-mail: pugupta@wakehealth.edu; Allen, Brian C., E-mail: bcallen2@wakehealth.edu; Chen, Michael Y., E-mail: mchen@wakehealth.edu; Childs, David D., E-mail: dchilds@wakehealth.edu; Kota, Gopi, E-mail: gkota@wakehealth.edu; Zagoria, Ronald J., E-mail: rzagoria@wakehealth.edu [Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Department of Radiology (United States)

2013-10-15

Purpose: To evaluate renal function changes related to radiofrequency ablation (RFA) for the treatment of multifocal renal neoplasms. Methods: This is an institutional review board-approved, Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act compliant retrospective study of all patients treated with computed tomography guided RFA for multifocal renal neoplasms at one institution. Fifty-seven subjects, mean age 70 (range 37-88) years, underwent RFA of 169 renal neoplasms (average size 2.0 cm). Subjects had between 2 and 8 (mean 2.96) neoplasms ablated. Estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) was measured before and after RFA. Complications related to RFA were recorded. Results: eGFR decreased on average of 4.4 % per tumor treated and 6.7 % per ablation session (average 1.76 tumors treated per session). For subjects with the largest neoplasm measuring >3 cm, eGFR decreased an average of 14.5 % during the course of their treatment. If the largest neoplasm measured 2-3 cm, eGFR decreased an average of 7.7 %, and if the largest neoplasm measured <2 cm, eGFR decreased an average of 3.8 %. Subjects with reduced baseline renal function were more likely to have a greater decline in eGFR after RFA. There was a minor complication rate of 6.3 % (6 of 96 sessions), none of which required treatment, and a major complication rate of 4.2 % (4 of 96 sessions). Conclusion: RFA for the treatment of multifocal renal neoplasms results in mild decline of renal function.

Autorefraction versus subjective refraction in a radially asymmetric multifocal intraocular lens

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Linden, J.W.M. van der; Vrijman, V.; El-Saady, R.; Meulen, I.J. van der; Mourits, M.P.; Lapid-Gortzak, R.

2014-01-01

PURPOSE: To evaluate whether the automated refraction (AR) correlates with subjective manifest (MR) refraction in eyes implanted with radially asymmetric multifocal intraocular lens (IOLs). METHODS: This retrospective study evaluated 52 eyes (52 patients) implanted with a radially asymmetric

Effect of Unifocal versus Multifocal Lenses on Cervical Spine Posture in Patients with Presbyopia.

Science.gov (United States)

Abbas, Rami L; Houri, Mohamad T; Rayyan, Mohammad M; Hamada, Hamada Ahmad; Saab, Ibtissam M

2018-04-04

There are many environmental considerations which may or may not lead to the development of faulty cervical mechanics. The design of near vision lenses could contribute to the development of such cervical dysfunction and consequently neck pain. Decision making regarding proper type of lens prescription seems important for presbyopic individuals. To investigate the effect of unifocal and multifocal lenses on cervical posture. Thirty subjects (18 females and 12 males) participated in the study with an age range from 40 to 64 years. Each subject wore consequently both unifocal and multifocal lenses randomly while reading. Then lateral cervical spine X-ray films were taken for each subject during each lens wearing. X-ray films were analyzed with digital software (Autocad software, 2 D) to measure segmental angles of the cervical vertebrae (Occiput/C1, C1/C2, C2/C3, C3/C4, C4/C5, C5/C6, C6/C7, C3/C7, C0/C3, and occiput/C7). Higher significant extension angle in the segments C0/C7, C1/C2, C5/C6, C6/C7, and C3/C7 (p<0.05) during multifocal lenses wearing were observed in contrast with higher flexion angle between C3/C4 and C4/C5 (p<0.05) with unifocal lenses wear. Multifocal lens spectacles produces increased extension in the cervical vertebrae angles when compared with the use of unifocal lenses.

Ocular emergencies presenting to Menelik II Hospital.

Science.gov (United States)

Negussie, Dereje; Bejiga, Abebe

2011-01-01

Ocular conditions such as trauma, painful red eye of any cause, painless sudden visual loss and others are commonly seen as ocular emergencies, and can lead to ocular morbidity and visual loss. To determine types and causes of ocular emergencies seen at Menelik II hospital. A cross-sectional study was conducted from April to October, 2007. Consecutive patients who presented with ocular emergencies at any time of the day were prospectively evaluated and registered on a formatted questionnaire. Evaluation of the patients included history of presenting illness, visual acuity testing intraocular pressure measurement on non-perforated and non-infected eyes, and complete eye examination in order to arrive at the diagnosis. A total of 26,400 patients attended Menelik II hospital during the study period. Of these, 758 (3%) were persons with an ocular emergency. The majority of patients (n=551; 72.7%) were male, with a male to female ratio of 2.7:1. The age group of 16 to 30 years was the most affected (47.9%), followed by those aged 15 years or younger (27.3%). Ocular trauma and ocular infections accounted for 75.6% and 13.1% of cases, respectively. Of the total ocular emergencies, open globe injuries constituted 171 (22.6%), corneal foreign bodies and abrasion 125 (16.5%), and open adnexal injuries 119 (15.7%). Metal and wood were the commonest work-related causes of ocular injuries in adults, with both together accounting for 60% of all ocular injuries. Children, on the other hand, sustained ocular injury while playing with others in 128 (22.3%) of cases. This study was able to provide a more complete picture to improve understanding of the nature and circumstances of ocular emergencies in Ethiopia. Ocular emergencies were dominated by ocular trauma, particularly affecting males and working-age adults. Public education and use of protective safety measures are recommended to alleviate the problem.

Premature epiphyseal fusion and degenerative arthritis in chronic recurrent multifocal osteomyelitis

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Piddo, C.; Reed, M.H.; Black, G.B.

2000-01-01

A 9-year-old boy was diagnosed with chronic recurrent multifocal osteomyelitis affecting multiple sites. During an 8-year follow-up he developed premature closure of a distal radial epiphysis and degenerative changes in the adjacent radiocarpal joint. (orig.)

Multifocal gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST) of the stomach in an 11-year-old girl

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Park, Jin; Rubinas, Tara C.; Fordham, Lynn A.; Phillips, J.D.

2006-01-01

A previously healthy 11-year-old girl presented with an 8-month history of anemia and left upper quadrant abdominal pain. US examination demonstrated a 9-cm cystic mass with a fluid-fluid level in the left upper quadrant with unclear organ of origin. Abdominal MR imaging demonstrated a complex cystic mass, likely arising from the stomach. Additional T2 hyperintense submucosal lesions were identified in the gastric wall. Surgical excision confirmed the diagnosis of multifocal gastric gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST). MR imaging was helpful in suggesting a gastric origin of the primary mass and in demonstrating multifocal disease within the stomach. (orig.)

Hyphema as a Complication of Blunt Ocular Trauma and Additional Ocular Findings

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Mehmet Giray Ersöz

2014-01-01

Full Text Available Objectives: To investigate the frequency of angle recession, commotio retinae, and other ocular findings in patients with hyphema due to blunt ocular trauma. Materials and Methods: The medical records of 66 patients hospitalized between July 2010 and May 2012 with a diagnosis of traumatic hyphema were retrospectively reviewed. The age, gender, period between injury and the first examination, visual acuity at presentation, intraocular pressure (IOP, time of disappearance of hyphema, cause of blunt injury, additional ocular findings, medical and/or surgical treatment, follow-up time, and visual outcome were noted. Results: The mean age of the patients was 23.8±19.2 years. Males constituted the 83.3% of the whole group. Game-related injury (43.9% and work-related injury (22.7% were the most common causes of blunt trauma. The bead gun was the most common tool involved in injury. Angle recession was detected in 36 patients (54.5%. Development of secondary glaucoma was higher in the patients with angle recession (chi-square test, p<0.05. Commotio retinae was observed in 47% of patients. The mean visual acuity at presentation was 0.4±0.3, while at the last visit, it was 0.8±0.3. There was a statistically significant difference between baseline and final visual acuity (paired-samples t-test, p<0.001. Conclusion: Hyphema due to blunt ocular trauma is observed mostly in young men and children. The most common blunt ocular injuries are game-and work-related. Angle recession and commotio retinae are the main complications of blunt ocular trauma causing hyphema. In cases with blunt ocular trauma, the presence of hyphema makes it difficult to examine the anterior chamber angle and the fundus. It is important to perform these investigations at the earliest stage to manage the complications since commotio retinae and angle recession accompany many cases with hyphema. (Turk J Ophthalmol 2014; 44: 19-22

Ocular Effects of Sulfur Mustard

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Yunes Panahi

2013-06-01

Full Text Available Purpose: To review current knowledge about ocular effects of sulfur mustard (SM and the associated histopathologic findings and clinical manifestationsMethods: Literature review of medical articles (human and animal studies was accomplished using PubMed, Scopus and ISI databases. A total of 274 relevant articles in English were retrieved and reviewed thoroughly.Results: Eyes are the most sensitive organs to local toxic effects of mustard gas. Ocular injuries are mediated through different toxic mechanisms including: biochemical damages, biomolecular and gene expression modification, induction of immunologic and inflammatory reactions, disturbing ultrastructural architecture of the cornea, and long-lasting corneal denervation. The resulting ocular injuries can roughly be categorized into acute or chronic complications. Most of the patients recover from acute injuries, but a minority of victims will suffer from chronic ocular complications. Mustard gas keratopathy (MGK is a devastating late complication of SM intoxication that proceeds from limbal stem cell deficiency (LSCD.Conclusion: SM induces several different damaging changes in case of ocular exposure; hence leading to a broad spectrum of ocular manifestations in terms of severity, timing and form. Unfortunately, no effective strategy has been introduced yet to inhibit or restore these damaging changes.

Epidemiology of Ocular Toxoplasmosis

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Petersen, E.; Kijlstra, A.; Stanford, M.

2012-01-01

Retinal infection with Toxoplasma gondii is the most important cause of posterior uveitis, whereby prevalence and incidence of ocular symptoms after infection depend on socio-economic factors and the circulating parasite genotypes. Ocular toxoplasmosis is more common in South America, Central

Correção do astigmatismo irregular com lente intraocular tórica em um paciente com catarata e degeneração marginal pelúcida: relato de caso

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Ana Luiza Biancardi

2012-12-01

Full Text Available A degeneração marginal pelúcida (DMP é uma rara ectasia corneana cuja progressão resulta em astigmatismo irregular e baixa visual não corrigidos com óculos ou lentes de contato. O presente relato descreve um paciente com catarata e DMP que foi tratado com facoemulsificação e implante de lente intraocular tórica com recuperação da acuidade visual em ambos os olhos.

Numerical analysis of specific absorption rate in the human head due to a 13.56 MHz RFID-based intra-ocular pressure measurement system

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Hirtl, Rene; Schmid, Gernot

2013-01-01

A modern wireless intra-ocular pressure monitoring system, based on 13.56 MHz inductively coupled data transmission, was dosimetrically analyzed with respect to the specific absorption rate (SAR) induced inside the head and the eye due to the electromagnetic field exposure caused by the reader antenna of the transmission system. The analysis was based on numerical finite difference time domain computations using a high resolution anatomical eye model integrated in a modern commercially available anatomical model of a male head. Three different reader antenna configurations, a 7-turn elliptic (30 mm × 50 mm) antenna at 12 mm distance from the eye, a flexible circular antenna (60 mm diameter, 8 turns on 2 mm substrate) directly attached to the skin, and a circular 7-turn antenna (30 mm diameter at 12 mm distance to the eye) were analyzed, respectively. Possible influences of the eye-lid status (closed or opened) and the transponder antenna contained in a contact lens directly attached to the eye were taken into account. The results clearly demonstrated that for typical reader antenna currents required for proper data transmission, the SAR values remain far below the limits for localized exposure of the head, as defined by the International Commission for Non-Ionizing Radiation Protection. Particularly the induced SAR inside the eye was found to be substantially (orders of magnitudes for typical reader antenna currents in the order of 1 A turn) below values which have been reported to be critical with respect to thermally induced adverse health effects in eye tissues. (note)

Multifocal fibrosing thyroiditis: report of 55 cases of a poorly recognized entity.

Science.gov (United States)

Fellegara, Giovanni; Rosai, Juan

2015-03-01

During the course of our consultation activity, we have recognized a peculiar form of thyroiditis in which multiple foci of fibrosis, most of which were associated with reactive atypia of the surrounding follicles, are present. We have referred to this condition, both in our consultation reports and in the third series of A.F.I.P. Fascicle on Tumors of the Thyroid Gland, as "multifocal fibrosing thyroiditis" or (less frequently) "multifocal sclerosing thyroiditis," which are descriptive terms that highlight the benign/inflammatory nature of the process, its multiplicity, and its unknown pathogenesis. The aim of this study is to better define the morphologic features of this process and correlate it with some clinical data. With this purpose, the consultation files of one of the authors (J.R.) were searched for cases coded as multifocal fibrosing thyroiditis or multifocal sclerosing thyroiditis in a 20-year period ranging from January 1989 to December 2009. A total of 55 cases were identified that displayed the above-listed features. There were 51 (93%) female and 4 (7%) male patients (F/M=12.75), with ages ranging between 15 and 71 years (mean age, 47.03 y; median age, 44.5 y). Microscopically, multiple foci of fibrosis were identified in all cases, their number ranging from 2 to 51 per case (mean number, 16), with a mean diameter of 3 mm (range: 0.36 to 15.1 mm). Although heterogenous in shape and size, the individual foci were rather similar to each other in composition, being characterized by a fibrotic poorly cellular center that merged with a cellular peripheral zone. Some of the follicular structures present at the periphery of the scar and-to a lesser extent-those entrapped inside it underwent complex reactive and regenerative (atypical) changes that simulated malignancy. We discuss the differential diagnosis with other benign and malignant thyroid conditions and speculate about its pathogenesis and possible relationship with papillary thyroid microcarcinoma.

[Descending ocular myopathy].

Science.gov (United States)

de Freitas, M R; Nascimento, O J

1975-06-01

The case of a 23 years old female patient, with primary involvement of the extraocular and faringeal muscles without familiar history is reported. Electromyographic and muscular biopsy studies proved the myogenic nature of the process. A clinical comparison between the ocular myopathy and the descending ocular myopathy is made, the authors thinking that both of them would be variants of the same muscle disease.

Exploring the methods of data analysis in multifocal visual evoked potentials

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Malmqvist, Lasse; Santiago de Abreu, Lucimar; Fraser, C.

2016-01-01

Purpose: The multifocal visual evoked potential (mfVEP) provides a topographical assessment of visual function, which has already shown potential for use in patients with glaucoma and multiple sclerosis. However, the variability in mfVEP measurements has limited its broader application. The purpo...

INTRA graphical package - INTRA-Graph 1.0

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Hofman, D.; Edlund, O.

2001-04-01

INTRA-Graph 1.0 has been developed at Studsvik Eco and Safety AB in the frame of the European Fusion Technology Programme for application in the safety analysis using the INTRA code. INTRA-Graph 1.0 is a graphical package producing 2-dimensional plots of results generated by the INTRA code. INTRA-Graph 1.0 has been developed by extending the Grace package source code, distributed under the terms of GNU General Public License. The changes in the Grace source files are limited to provide easy updates of the INTRA-Graph when a new version of Grace will be released. The INTRA-related functionality has been implemented in new source files. The present report describes and gives complete listing of these files. The changes in the Grace source files are also described and the listing of the changed parts of the files is presented. The report gives detailed explanations and examples of files required for installation and configuration of INTRA-Graph on the different types of Unix workstations

Ocular Perfusion Pressure and Pulsatile Ocular Blood Flow in Normal and Systemic Hypertensive Patients.

Science.gov (United States)

Kanadani, Fabio N; Figueiredo, Carlos R; Miranda, Rafaela Morais; Cunha, Patricia Lt; M Kanadani, Tereza Cristina; Dorairaj, Syril

2015-01-01

Glaucomatous neuropathy can be a consequence of insufficient blood supply, increase in intraocular pressure (IOP), or other risk factors that diminish the ocular blood flow. To determine the ocular perfusion pressure (OPP) in normal and systemic hypertensive patients. One hundred and twenty-one patients were enrolled in this prospective and comparative study and underwent a complete ophthalmologic examination including slit lamp examination, Goldmann applanation tonometry, stereoscopic fundus examination, and pulsatile ocular blood flow (POBF) measurements. The OPP was calculated as being the medium systemic arterial pressure (MAP) less the IOP. Only right eye values were considered for calculations using Student's t-test. The mean age of the patients was 57.5 years (36-78), and 68.5% were women. There was a statistically significant difference in the OPP of the normal and systemic hypertensive patients (p cite this article: Kanadani FN, Figueiredo CR, Miranda RM, Cunha PLT, Kanadani TCM, Dorairaj S. Ocular Perfusion Pressure and Pulsatile Ocular Blood Flow in Normal and Systemic Hypertensive Patients. J Curr Glaucoma Pract 2015;9(1):16-19.

[Ocular surface system integrity].

Science.gov (United States)

Safonova, T N; Pateyuk, L S

2015-01-01

The interplay of different structures belonging to either the anterior segment of the eye or its accessory visual apparatus, which all share common embryological, anatomical, functional, and physiological features, is discussed. Explanation of such terms, as ocular surface, lacrimal functional unit, and ocular surface system, is provided.

Challenging ocular image recognition

Science.gov (United States)

Pauca, V. Paúl; Forkin, Michael; Xu, Xiao; Plemmons, Robert; Ross, Arun A.

2011-06-01

Ocular recognition is a new area of biometric investigation targeted at overcoming the limitations of iris recognition performance in the presence of non-ideal data. There are several advantages for increasing the area beyond the iris, yet there are also key issues that must be addressed such as size of the ocular region, factors affecting performance, and appropriate corpora to study these factors in isolation. In this paper, we explore and identify some of these issues with the goal of better defining parameters for ocular recognition. An empirical study is performed where iris recognition methods are contrasted with texture and point operators on existing iris and face datasets. The experimental results show a dramatic recognition performance gain when additional features are considered in the presence of poor quality iris data, offering strong evidence for extending interest beyond the iris. The experiments also highlight the need for the direct collection of additional ocular imagery.

Upper Extremity Multifocal Neuropathy in a 10-Year-Old Boy Associated With NS6S Disaccharide Antibodies.

Science.gov (United States)

Edelman, Frederick; Naddaf, Elie; Waclawik, Andrew J

2015-06-01

We present a 10-year-old boy with a predominantly motor multifocal neuropathy with demyelinating and axonal changes with sensory involvement, affecting only one upper extremity. Laboratory studies revealed an elevated titer of immunoglobulin M (IgM) antibodies against the NS6S antigen. He responded to treatment with high dose intravenous immunoglobulins. Focal or multifocal immune-mediated neuropathies are not common in children and may be underdiagnosed. © The Author(s) 2014.

MRI in ocular drug delivery

OpenAIRE

Li, S. Kevin; Lizak, Martin J.; Jeong, Eun-Kee

2008-01-01

Conventional pharmacokinetic methods for studying ocular drug delivery are invasive and cannot be conveniently applied to humans. The advancement of MRI technology has provided new opportunities in ocular drug-delivery research. MRI provides a means to non-invasively and continuously monitor ocular drug-delivery systems with a contrast agent or compound labeled with a contrast agent. It is a useful technique in pharmacokinetic studies, evaluation of drug-delivery methods, and drug-delivery de...

Ocular complications of boxing

Science.gov (United States)

Bianco, M; Vaiano, A; Colella, F; Coccimiglio, F; Moscetti, M; Palmieri, V; Focosi, F; Zeppilli, P; Vinger, P

2005-01-01

Objectives: To investigate the prevalence of ocular injuries in a large population of boxers over a period of 16 years, in particular, the most severe lesions that may be vision threatening. Methods: Clinical records of the medical archive of the Italian Boxing Federation were analysed. A total of 1032 boxers were examined from February 1982 to October 1998. A complete ophthalmological history was available for 956, who formed the study population (a total of 10 697 examinations). The following data were collected: age when started boxing; duration of competitive boxing career (from the date of the first bout); weight category; a thorough ocular history. The following investigations were carried out: measurement of visual acuity and visual fields, anterior segment inspection, applanation tonometry, gonioscopy, and examination of ocular fundus. Eighty age matched healthy subjects, who had never boxed, formed the control group. Results: Of the 956 boxers examined, 428 were amateur (44.8%) and 528 professional (55.2%). The median age at first examination was 23.1 (4.3) years (range 15–36). The prevalence of conjunctival, corneal, lenticular, vitreal, ocular papilla, and retinal alterations in the study population was 40.9% compared with 3.1% in the control group (p⩽0.0001). The prevalence of serious ocular findings (angle, lens, macula, and peripheral retina alterations) was 5.6% in boxers and 3.1% in controls (NS). Conclusions: Boxing does not result in a higher prevalence of severe ocular lesions than in the general population. However, the prevalence of milder lesions (in particular with regard to the conjunctiva and cornea) is noteworthy, justifying the need for adequate ophthalmological surveillance. PMID:15665199

Evaluating ocular blood flow

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Jyotsna Maram

2017-01-01

Full Text Available Studies have shown that vascular impairment plays an important role in the etiology and pathogenesis of various ocular diseases including glaucoma, age-related macular degeneration, diabetic retinopathy, and retinal venous occlusive disease. Thus, qualitative and quantitative assessment of ocular blood flow (BF is a topic of interest for early disease detection, diagnosis, and management. Owing to the rapid improvement in technology, there are several invasive and noninvasive techniques available for evaluating ocular BF, with each of these techniques having their own limitations and advantages. This article reviews these important techniques, with a particular focus on Doppler Fourier domain optical coherence tomography (OCT and OCT-angiography.

Influence of Near-Segment Positioning in a Rotationally Asymmetric Multifocal Intraocular Lens.

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Song, In Seok; Yoon, Sam Young; Kim, Jae Yong; Kim, Myoung Joon; Tchah, Hungwon

2016-04-01

To compare visual performance and higher order aberrations (HOAs) based on the position of the near segment in eyes with rotationally asymmetric multifocal intraocular lenses (IOLs). Asymmetric multifocal IOLs (Lentis Mplus LS-313; Oculentis Optikgeräte GmbH, Wetzlar, Germany) were implanted with the near segment positioned either inferiorly, superiorly, or temporally. Uncorrected distance (UDVA), intermediate (UIVA), and near (UNVA) visual acuity, corrected distance visual acuity (CDVA), and distance-corrected intermediate (DCIVA) and near (DCNVA) visual acuity, contrast sensitivity, HOAs, and subjective symptom questionnaires were compared at 1 month postoperatively. Forty-five eyes from 45 patients were evaluated (n = 25, 9, and 11 eyes in the inferior, superior, and temporal groups, respectively). No significant differences in UDVA, UIVA, UNVA, CDVA, DCIVA, or DCNVA were found between the three groups (P > .05). The temporal group showed the best results in UDVA, CDVA, and DCNVA, but the inferior group showed the best results in DCIVA and UNVA and the superior group showed the best results in UIVA. Contrast sensitivity and the subjective symptom questionnaire also did not demonstrate any significant differences (P > .05). Total HOA and spherical aberration did not demonstrate any statistically significant differences (P > .05), but vertical coma and horizontal coma demonstrated significant differences based on near segment position (P < .001). The position of the near segment in eyes with rotationally asymmetric multifocal IOLs demonstrates no significant effect on visual performance. Copyright 2016, SLACK Incorporated.

Combat ocular trauma and systemic injury.

Science.gov (United States)

Weichel, Eric D; Colyer, Marcus H

2008-11-01

To review the recent literature regarding combat ocular trauma during hostilities in Operations Iraqi Freedom and Enduring Freedom, describe the classification of combat ocular trauma, and offer strategies that may assist in the management of eye injuries. Several recent publications have highlighted features of combat ocular trauma from Operation Iraqi Freedom. The most common cause of today's combat ocular injuries is unconventional fragmentary munitions causing significant blast injuries. These explosive munitions cause high rates of concomitant nonocular injuries such as traumatic brain injury, amputation, and other organ injuries. The most frequent ocular injuries include open-globe and adnexal lacerations. The extreme severity of combat-related open-globe injuries leads to high rates of primary enucleation and retained intraocular foreign bodies. Visual outcomes of intraocular foreign body injuries are similar to other series despite delayed removal, and no cases of endophthalmitis have occurred. Despite these advances, however, significant vision loss persists in cases of perforating globe injuries as well as open and closed-globe trauma involving the posterior segment. This review summarizes the recent literature describing ocular and systemic injuries sustained during Operations Iraqi and Enduring Freedom. An emphasis on classification of ocular injuries as well as a discussion of main outcome measures and complications is discussed.

Lente fácica de câmara posterior para correção de hipermetropia consecutiva à ceratotomia radial

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Salera Cristina Moreira

2003-01-01

Full Text Available OBJETIVO: Avaliar a eficácia, previsibilidade e segurança do implante de lente fácica de câmara posterior para a correção de hipermetropia consecutiva à ceratotomia radial. MÉTODOS: Foram analisados retrospectivamente os prontuários de seis pacientes (10 olhos com hipermetropia consecutiva à hipercorreção após ceratotomia radial submetidos ao implante de lente fácica de câmara posterior para sua correção. RESULTADOS: O equivalente esférico pré-operatório médio da refração dinâmica foi de +4,65 dioptrias (variando de +2,50 a +6,50 dioptrias e o equivalente esférico pós-operatório médio foi de +0,3375 dioptrias (variando de -0,875 a +2,25 dioptrias. Quando comparamos as acuidades visuais com correção pré e pós-operatórias observamos que três olhos (30% ganharam duas linhas de acuidade visual, dois (20% ganharam uma linha de acuidade visual, um (10% manteve a mesma acuidade visual, três olhos (30% perderam uma linha de acuidade visual e um olho (10% perdeu duas linhas. CONCLUSÃO: O implante da lente fácica de câmara posterior para correção da hipermetropia consecutiva à ceratotomia radial mostrou-se como uma nova opção para o tratamento desta indesejável complicação, entretanto, fazem-se necessários estudos abrangendo maior número de casos e um acompanhamento a longo prazo destes casos.

Plasticity of the human otolith-ocular reflex

Science.gov (United States)

Wall, C. 3rd; Smith, T. R.; Furman, J. M.

1992-01-01

The eye movement response to earth vertical axis rotation in the dark, a semicircular canal stimulus, can be altered by prior exposure to combined visual-vestibular stimuli. Such plasticity of the vestibulo-ocular reflex has not been described for earth horizontal axis rotation, a dynamic otolith stimulus. Twenty normal human subjects underwent one of two types of adaptation paradigms designed either to attenuate or enhance the gain of the semicircular canal-ocular reflex prior to undergoing otolith-ocular reflex testing with horizontal axis rotation. The adaptation paradigm paired a 0.2 Hz sinusoidal rotation about a vertical axis with a 0.2 Hz optokinetic stripe pattern that was deliberately mismatched in peak velocity. Pre- and post-adaptation horizontal axis rotations were at 60 degrees/s in the dark and produced a modulation in the slow component velocity of nystagmus having a frequency of 0.17 Hz due to putative stimulation of the otolith organs. Results showed that the magnitude of this modulation component response was altered in a manner similar to the alteration in semicircular canal-ocular responses. These results suggest that physiologic alteration of the vestibulo-ocular reflex using deliberately mismatched visual and semicircular canal stimuli induces changes in both canal-ocular and otolith-ocular responses. We postulate, therefore, that central nervous system pathways responsible for controlling the gains of canal-ocular and otolith-ocular reflexes are shared.

Traumatismos oculares en el deporte

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Javier Elizalde

2007-06-01

Full Text Available Los traumatismos oculares durante la práctica deportiva son relativamente frecuentes, pueden acontecer en el contexto de cualquier deporte y son muy variados, tanto en su origen, gravedad y forma de presentación clínica (traumatismos incisos, contusos o inciso-contusos. A pesar de que el diagnóstico precoz y un tratamiento adecuado a cargo de un oftalmólogo especialista suele ayudar a mejorar el pronóstico de estos casos, es cierto que en algunas situaciones las lesiones oculares secundarias al traumatismo son clínicamente irreversibles. El autor revisa la repercusión clínica ocular de los accidentes deportivos con compromiso de la órbita, de los párpados, del segmento anterior y/o posterior del globo ocular, y de las vías ópticas. La mayoría de estas lesiones se pueden evitar optimizando el estado físico (y ocular antes de la práctica deportiva, y utilizando la técnica y el material adecuado para cada situación. Asimismo una buena educación deportiva desde la infancia y la utilización de gafas de protección ocular adaptadas a cada deporte juegan un papel esencial en la prevención de estos accidentes.

The Effects of Hashimoto Thyroiditis on Lymph Node Metastases in Unifocal and Multifocal Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma

Science.gov (United States)

Zhu, Feng; Shen, Yi Bin; Li, Fu Qiang; Fang, Yun; Hu, Liang; Wu, Yi Jun

2016-01-01

Abstract The purpose of this study was to investigate the risk factors for central and lateral neck lymph node metastases in papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) and multifocal papillary thyroid carcinoma (MPTC), particularly when associated with Hashimoto thyroiditis (HT). A retrospective analysis of 763 consecutive patients who underwent total thyroidectomy with bilateral central neck dissection in the First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University between October 2011 and October 2014 was conducted. All patients had formal histological diagnoses of HT. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was performed to identify risk factors of neck lymph node metastases. Our study identified 277 PTC patients with HT and showed comparatively low rates of central lymph node metastases (CLNM) compared with the PTC patients without HT (37.2% versus 54.7%, P thyroid peroxidase antibody >140 IU/mL was established as the most sensitive and specific level for the prediction of MPTC based on receiver operating characteristic curve analyses. Thyroid peroxidase antibody, age, tumor size, and multifocality exhibited the ability to predict CLNM in PTC with HT patients with an area under the curve of 81.1% based on a multivariate model. Hashimoto thyroiditis was associated with increased prevalences of multifocality and capsular invasion. In contrast, HT was associated with a reduced risk of CLNM in PTC and MPTC patients, which indicated a potential protective effect. We found that the prognostic prediction model was applicable for predicting multifocality and CLNM in PTC patients with HT. PMID:26871795

First-line intra-arterial versus intravenous chemotherapy in unilateral sporadic group D retinoblastoma: evidence of better visual outcomes, ocular survival and shorter time to success with intra-arterial delivery from retrospective review of 20 years of treatment.

Science.gov (United States)

Munier, Francis L; Mosimann, Pascal; Puccinelli, Francesco; Gaillard, Marie-Claire; Stathopoulos, Christina; Houghton, Susan; Bergin, Ciara; Beck-Popovic, Maja

2017-08-01

The introduction of intra-arterial chemotherapy (IAC) as salvage treatment has improved the prognosis for eye conservation in group D retinoblastoma. The aim of this study was to compare the outcomes of consecutive patients with advanced unilateral disease treated with either first-line intravenous chemotherapy (IVC) or first-line IAC. This is a retrospective mono-centric comparative review of consecutive patients. Sporadic unilateral retinoblastoma group D cases treated conservatively at Jules-Gonin Eye Hospital and CHUV between 1997 and 2014. From January 1997 to August 2008, IVC, combined with focal treatments, was the primary treatment approach. From September 2008 to October 2014, IAC replaced IVC as first-line therapy. 48 patients met the inclusion criteria, receiving only either IAC or IVC as primary treatment modality. Outcomes of 23 patients treated by IVC were compared with those of 25 treated by IAC; mean follow-up was 105.3 months (range 29.2-218.6) and 41.7 months (range 19.6-89.5), respectively. Treatment duration was significantly shorter in the IAC group (pchemotherapy treatment. Despite this, the results reported here imply that eyes treated with first-line IAC will have shorter treatment period, better ocular survival and visual acuity than first-line IVC. Published by the BMJ Publishing Group Limited. For permission to use (where not already granted under a licence) please go to http://www.bmj.com/company/products-services/rights-and-licensing/.

What Is an Ocular Migraine?

Science.gov (United States)

... When to seek help What is an ocular migraine? Is it a sign of something serious? Answers ... and retinal migraine, which could signal something serious. Migraine aura affecting your vision Ocular migraine sometimes describes ...

Primary multifocal tuberculous osteomyelitis with involvement of the ribs

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Chang, D.S. [New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York (United States); Rafii, M.; McGuinness, G. [Department of Radiology, NYU Medical Center, New York, NY (United States); Jagirdar, J.S. [Department of Pathology, NYU Medical Center, New York, New York (United States)

1998-11-01

Two cases of primary multifocal tuberculous osteomyelitis with involvement of the rib cage are presented. The lungs were normal and the appearance of the skeletal lesions did not suggest tuberculosis. These lesions were predominantly lytic, with minimal soft tissue involvement. Tuberculosis should be high in the differential diagnosis of multiple destructive bone lesions, especially in patients from regions where tuberculosis is endemic. (orig.) With 5 figs., 21 refs.

Mobile ultra-clean unidirectional airflow screen reduces air contamination in a simulated setting for intra-vitreal injection.

Science.gov (United States)

Lapid-Gortzak, Ruth; Traversari, Roberto; van der Linden, Jan Willem; Lesnik Oberstein, Sarit Y; Lapid, Oren; Schlingemann, Reinier O

2017-02-01

The aim of this study is to determine whether the use of a mobile ultra-clean laminar airflow screen reduces the air-borne particle counts in the setting of a simulated procedure of an intra-vitreal injection. A mobile ultra-clean unidirectional airflow (UDF) screen was tested in a simulated procedure for intra-vitreal injections in a treatment room without mechanical ventilation. One UDF was passed over the instrument tray and the surgical area. The concentration of particles was measured in the background, over the instrument table, and next to the ocular area. The degree of protection was calculated at the instrument table and at the surgical site. Use of the UDF mobile screen reduced the mean particle concentration (particles > 0.3 microns) on the instrument table by a factor of at least 100.000 (p air contamination. Mobile UDF screen reduces the mean particle concentration substantially. The mobile UDF screen may therefore allow for a safer procedural environment for ambulatory care procedures such as intra-vitreal injections in treatment rooms.

Ocular manifestations of leptospirosis

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Rathinam S

2005-01-01

Full Text Available Leptospiral uveitis is a common entity in tropical countries. Ocular manifestations are noted in the second phase of illness, but these remain under-diagnosed mainly because of the prolonged symptom-free period that separates the systemic manifestations from detection of ocular manifestations.Varying ophthalmic presentations and the intrinsic nature of different types of uveitis to mimic one another also challenge the accuracy of the diagnosis. Of the individual ocular signs, the combination of acute, non-granulomatous, panuveitis, hypopyon, vasculitis, optic disc edema, membranous vitreous opacities and absence of choroiditis or retinitis have high predictive value for the clinical diagnosis of leptospiral uveitis. Geographic location of the patient, occupation, socio-economic status, risk factors related to exposure, past history of fever or jaundice also aid in diagnosis.Steroids are the mainstay of treatment for leptospiral uveitis. Depending upon the severity and anatomical location of inflammatory lesion, topical, peri-ocular and/or systemic steroids are given. The prognosis is generally good, even when the inflammation is severe.

Bilateral implantation of +3.0 D multifocal toric intraocular lenses: results of a US Food and Drug Administration clinical trial.

Science.gov (United States)

Lehmann, Robert; Modi, Satish; Fisher, Bret; Michna, Magda; Snyder, Michael

2017-01-01

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the clinical outcomes of apodized diffractive +3.0 D multifocal toric intraocular lens (IOL) implantations in subjects with preoperative corneal astigmatism. This was a prospective cohort study conducted at 21 US sites. The study population consisted of 574 subjects, aged ≥21 years, with preoperative astigmatism 0.75-2.82 D, and potential postoperative visual acuity (VA) ≥0.2 logMAR, undergoing bilateral cataract removal by phacoemulsification. The intervention was bilateral implantation of aspheric apodized diffractive +3.0 D multifocal toric or spherical multifocal nontoric IOLs. The main outcome measures were monocular uncorrected near and distance VA and safety at 12 months. A total of 373/386 and 182/188 subjects implanted with multifocal toric and nontoric IOLs, respectively, completed 12-month follow-up after the second implantation. Toric IOLs were nonin-ferior in monocular uncorrected distance (4 m) and near (40 cm) VA but had >1 line better binocular uncorrected intermediate VA (50, 60, and 70 cm) than nontoric IOLs. Toric IOLs reduced cylinder to within 0.50 D and 1.0 D of target in 278 (74.5%) and 351 (94.1%) subjects, respectively. Mean ± standard deviation (SD) differences between intended and achieved axis orientation in the first and second implanted eyes were 5.0°±6.1° and 4.7°±4.0°, respectively. Mean ± SD 12-month IOL rotations in the first and second implanted eyes were 2.7°±5.8° and 2.2°±2.7°, respectively. No subject receiving toric IOLs required secondary surgical intervention due to optical lens properties. Multifocal toric IOLs were noninferior to multifocal nontoric IOLs in uncorrected distance and near VAs in subjects with preexisting corneal astigmatism and effectively corrected astigmatism of 0.75-2.82 D.

Desempenho visual de lentes de contato gelatinosas de diferentes tipos baseado na análise de frentes de onda Optical performance of different soft contact lenses based on wavefront analysis

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Roberta Fagnani Gatti

2008-12-01

Full Text Available OBJETIVOS: Avaliar e comparar o desempenho visual, por meio da análise de frentes de onda, de seis diferentes tipos de lentes de contato gelatinosas [Cooperflex® (Coopervision, Frequency® 55 Aspheric (Coopervision, World Vision FW® (World Vision, Pure Vision® (Bausch & Lomb, Focus® Monthly (Ciba Vision, Focus® Choice AB (Ciba Vision]. MÉTODOS: Realizou-se estudo prospectivo em amostra constituída por 130 olhos de 71 indivíduos portadores de miopia ou hipermetropia até 6,00D e astigmatismo até 1,50D, com acuidade visual corrigida com óculos igual ou superior a 20/20. Os sujeitos foram inicialmente submetidos ao exame clínico oftalmológico e posteriormente, ao exame de análise de frentes de onda com o aberrômetro LADARWave® (Alcon, em duas condições: sem correção óptica e em uso de um dos tipos de lente de contato incluídos no estudo, com grau correspondente ao equivalente esférico do paciente e corrigido pela distância vértice. Para análise de resultados os indivíduos foram divididos em seis grupos similares, sendo testado em cada grupo um dos tipos de lente incluídos no estudo. RESULTADOS: Mudanças nos valores das aberrações de alta ordem foram verificadas durante uso das lentes de contato. De 130 olhos estudados, 78 apresentaram aumento no valor de RMS total durante o uso da lente. Os seis tipos de lente estudados demonstraram tendência ao aumento no valor médio de RMS total durante seu uso, sem diferença estatisticamente significante entre as mesmas. O estudo demonstrou tendência ao aumento no valor médio das aberrações tipo "coma" durante o uso das lentes. As lentes Frequency® Aspheric e Cooperflex® apresentaram melhor desempenho visual em relação ao "coma". O estudo demonstrou tendência à diminuição no valor médio das aberrações esféricas durante o uso das lentes, sendo esta tendência maior nos pacientes míopes em relação aos hipermétropes. Foi demonstrado tendência ao aumento no

Follicular lymphoma of the ocular adnexal region

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Rasmussen, Peter Kristian; Ralfkiaer, E.; Prause, J.U.

2015-01-01

Purpose To characterize the clinicopathological features of follicular lymphoma of the ocular adnexal region. Methods Retrospective nation-based study of Danish patients with ocular adnexal follicular lymphoma from January 1st 1980 through December 31st 2009. Results Twenty-four patients...... with ocular adnexal follicular lymphoma were identified. Fourteen (58%) of the patients were females. The median age was 63 years (range: 42–96 years). Eleven (46%) of the patients had primary ocular adnexal lymphoma, seven (29%) had an ocular adnexal lesion in conjunction with a concurrent systemic lymphoma...... and six patients (25%) presented with an ocular adnexal relapse. The most frequently affected sites were the lacrimal gland (38%) and the orbit (33%). Thirteen patients (54%) presented with Ann Arbor stage IE lymphoma, four (17%) had stage IIE, two patients (8%) stage IIIE, and five patients (21%) had...

Late radiation effects to the rectum and bladder in gynecologic cancer patients: the comparison of LENT/SOMA and RTOG/EORTC late-effects scoring systems

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Anacak, Yavuz; Yalman, Deniz; Oezsaran, Zeynep; Haydaroglu, Ayfer

2001-01-01

Purpose: To test the correlation of LENT/SOMA and RTOG/EORTC late-effect scales for rectum and bladder, 116 cases with gynecologic malignancies that were treated with radiotherapy were assessed with both scales. Methods and Materials: All cases had been treated at least 6 months before the date of assessment with external beam radiotherapy (50-54 Gy to midline) and 1-2 fractions of HDR brachytherapy (2x8.5 Gy to point-A for 32 inoperable cases; 1x9.25 Gy to 5-9 mm from the ovoid surface for 84 postoperative cases). The patients were questioned with both scales, and the correlation between the two scales was analyzed by Spearman's rho (rank correlation) test. Results: There were 64 cases with uterine cervix carcinoma and 52 cases with endometrium carcinoma, The overall (external + brachy) doses to ICRU points were 57.8±3.8 Gy for rectum and 59.3±4.9 Gy for bladder. The statistical analysis of LENT/SOMA and RTOG/EORTC scales revealed a very good correlation for rectum (r=0.81; p<0.01) and a good correlation for bladder (r=0.72; p<0.01). Conclusion: The LENT/SOMA system is a further step on the reporting of late radiation effects. Some modifications will improve its precision, and multicentric randomized studies are needed to test its validity

Complications of presumed ocular tuberculosis.

Science.gov (United States)

Hamade, Issam H; Tabbara, Khalid F

2010-12-01

To determine the effect of steroid treatment on visual outcome and ocular complications in patients with presumed ocular tuberculosis. Retrospective review of patients with presumptive ocular tuberculosis. The clinical diagnosis was made based on ocular findings, positive purified protein derivative (PPD) testing of more than 15 mm induration, exclusion of other causes of uveitis and positive ocular response to anti-tuberculous therapy (ATT) within 4 weeks. Group 1 included patients who had received oral prednisone or subtenon injection of triamcinolone acetonide prior to ATT. Group 2 included patients who did not receive corticosteroid therapy prior to administration of ATT.   Among 500 consecutive new cases of uveitis encountered in 1997-2007 there were 49 (10%) patients with presumed ocular tuberculosis. These comprised 28 (57%) male and 21 (43%) female patients with a mean age of 45 years (range 12-76 years). Four (20%) patients in group 1 had initial visual acuity of 20/40 or better, in comparison to eight (28%) patients in group 2. At 1-year follow-up, six (30%) patients in group 1 had a visual acuity of 20/40 or better compared with 20 (69%) patients in group 2 (p = 0.007). Of 20 eyes (26%) in group 1 that had visual acuity of < 20/50 at 1-year follow up, 14 (70%) eyes developed severe chorioretinal lesion (p = 0.019). Early administration of corticosteroids without anti-tuberculous therapy in presumed ocular tuberculosis may lead to poor visual outcome compared with patients who did not receive corticosteroids prior to presentation. Furthermore, the severity of chorioretinitis lesion in the group of patients given corticosteroid prior to ATT may account for the poor visual outcome. © 2009 The Authors. Journal compilation © 2009 Acta Ophthalmol.

Ocular allergy latin american consensus

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Myrna Serapião dos Santos

2011-12-01

Full Text Available PURPOSE: To establish current definition, classification and staging, and to develop diagnosis and treatment recommendations for ocular allergy, by using Delphi approach. METHODS: Ten Latin American experts on ocular allergy participated in a 4-round Delphi panel approach. Four surveys were constructed and answered by panelists. A two-thirds majority was defined as consensus. Definition, classification, staging and diagnosis and treatment recommendations were the main outcomes. RESULTS: "Ocular allergy" was proposed as the general term to describe ocular allergic diseases. Consensus regarding classification was not reached. Signs and symptoms were considered extremely important for the diagnosis. It was consensus that a staging system should be proposed based on the disease severity. Environmental control, avoidance of allergens and the use of artificial tears were recommended as first line treatment. The secondary treatment should include topical anti-histamines, mast cell stabilizers and multi actions drugs. Topical non-steroidal anti-inflammatory and vasoconstrictors were not recommended. Topical corticosteroids were recommended as third line of treatment for the most severe keratoconjunctivitis. Consensus was not reached regarding the use of systemic corticosteroids or immunosuppressant. Surgical approach and unconventional treatments were not recommended as routine. CONCLUSION: The task of creating guidelines for ocular allergies showed to be very complex. Many controversial topics remain unsolved. A larger consensus including experts from different groups around the world may be needed to further improve the current recommendations for several aspects of ocular allergy.

The effect of high- to low-altitude adaptation on the multifocal electroretinogram

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Kofoed, Peter Kristian; Sander, Birgit; Zubieta-Calleja, Gustavo

2009-01-01

PURPOSE: To examine variations in retinal electrophysiology assessed by multifocal electroretinogram (mfERG) during acclimatization of native highlanders to normobaric normoxia at sea level. METHODS: Eight healthy residents of the greater La Paz area in Bolivia (3600 m above sea level) were...

Effect of aspherical and yellow tinted intraocular lens on blue-on-yellow perimetry Efeito das lentes intraoculares asféricas e com pigmentação amarela na campimetria azul-amarelo

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Rodrigo França de Espíndola

2012-10-01

Full Text Available PURPOSE: To investigate the possible effect of aspherical or yellow tinted intraocular lens (IOL on contrast sensitivity and blue-on-yellow perimetry. METHODS: This prospective randomized bilateral double-masked clinical study included 52 patients with visually significant bilateral cataracts divided in two groups; 25 patients (50 eyes received aspherical intraocular lens in one eye and spherical intraocular lens in the fellow eye; and 27 patients (54 eyes received ultraviolet and blue light filter (yellow tinted IOL implantation in one eye and acrylic ultraviolet filter IOL in the fellow eye. The primary outcome measures were contrast sensitivity and blue-on-yellow perimetry values (mean deviation [MD] and pattern standard deviation [PSD] investigated two years after surgery. The results were compared intra-individually. RESULTS: There was a statistically significant between-group (aspherical and spherical intraocular lens difference in contrast sensitivity under photopic conditions at 12 cycles per degree and under mesopic conditions at all spatial frequencies. There were no between-group significant differences (yellow tinted and clear intraocular lens under photopic or mesopic conditions. There was no statistically significant difference between all intraocular lens in MD or PSD. CONCLUSION: Contrast sensitivity was better under mesopic conditions with aspherical intraocular lens. Blue-on-yellow perimetry did not appear to be affected by aspherical or yellow tinted intraocular lens. Further studies with a larger sample should be carried out to confirm or not that hypotheses.OBJETIVO: Investigar a possibilidade de efeitos na sensibilidade ao contraste e nos resultados da campimetria azul-amarelo com implante de uma lente intraocular (LIO asférica ou de pigmentação amarela. MÉTODOS: Trata-se de um estudo prospectivo, randomizado, duplo-mascarado, envolvendo 52 pacientes portadores de catarata senil bilateral, divididos em dois grupos; 25

Ocular Manifestations of Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome.

Science.gov (United States)

Kim, Young Shin; Sun, Hae Jung; Kim, Tae Hyong; Kang, Kui Dong; Lee, Sung Jin

2015-08-01

To investigate the patterns and risk factors of the ocular manifestations of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) and their correlation with CD4+ count in the era of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART). This retrospective study examined 127 AIDS patients who presented to Soonchunhyang University Hospital. Data were collected from patient interviews, clinical examinations, and laboratory investigations. Ophthalmologic examinations included the best-corrected visual acuity, intraocular pressure, anterior segment and adnexal examination, and dilated fundus examination. Of the 127 patients with AIDS, 118 were on HAART and 9 were not. The mean CD4+ count was 266.7 ± 209.1 cells/µL. There were ocular manifestations in 61 patients (48.0%). The incidence of anterior segment manifestations was higher than posterior segment manifestations at 28.3% and 19.7%, respectively. The mean CD4+ count was significantly (p AIDS. In this study, anterior segment and external ocular manifestations occurred more frequently than posterior segment manifestations. Also, the mean CD4+ count was significantly lower in patients with posterior segment ocular manifestations versus anterior segment ocular manifestations. We found that CD4+ count and age >35 years were independent risk factors for developing ocular manifestations.

Multifocal oral melanoacanthoma associated with Addison's disease and hyperthyroidism: a case report.

Science.gov (United States)

Dantas, Thinali Sousa; Nascimento, Isabelly Vidal do; Verde, Maria Elisa Quezado Lima; Alves, Ana Paula Negreiros Nunes; Sousa, Fabrício Bitu; Mota, Mário Rogério Lima

2017-01-01

Oral melanoacanthoma is a mucocutaneous, pigmented, rare, benign, and probably reactive lesion. This paper reports for the first time in the literature a case of multifocal oral melanoacanthoma in a patient diagnosed with Addison's disease and concomitant Graves' disease with hyperthyroidism. The patient presented with oral pigmented lesions, which were hypothesized to be mucosal pigmentation associated with Addison's disease. Due to their unusual clinical pattern, these oral lesions were biopsied and diagnosed as oral melanoacanthoma on histopathology and immunohistochemistry for HMB-45. At the moment of this report, the patient was being treated for her systemic conditions, but the lesions had not regressed. Reactive hyperpigmentation of the skin and mucous membranes may be found in Addison's disease and hyperthyroidism. This case reinforces the hypothesis of a reactive nature for oral melanoacanthoma and highlights the need for investigation of endocrine disorders in patients with multifocal oral melanoacanthoma.

Ocular findings in systemic lupus erythemato

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Samir S. Shoughy

2016-04-01

Full Text Available Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE is a chronic multisystem autoimmune disease. Ocular complications occur in up to one-third of patients with SLE. The ocular findings may represent the initial manifestation of the disease and may lead to severe ocular morbidity and loss of vision. Early diagnosis and prompt management of patients with SLE are mandatory and require collaboration between the ophthalmologist and the rheumatologist.

Ocular findings in systemic lupus erythematosus.

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Shoughy, Samir S; Tabbara, Khalid F

2016-01-01

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a chronic multisystem autoimmune disease. Ocular complications occur in up to one-third of patients with SLE. The ocular findings may represent the initial manifestation of the disease and may lead to severe ocular morbidity and loss of vision. Early diagnosis and prompt management of patients with SLE are mandatory and require collaboration between the ophthalmologist and the rheumatologist.

Ocular and systemic pharmacokinetics of lidocaine hydrochloride ophthalmic gel in rabbits after topical ocular administration.

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Liu, Bing; Ding, Li; Xu, Xiaowen; Lin, Hongda; Sun, Chenglong; You, Linjun

2015-12-01

Lidocaine hydrochloride ophthalmic gel is a novel ophthalmic preparation for topical ocular anesthesia. The study is aimed at evaluating the ocular and systemic pharmacokinetics of lidocaine hydrochloride 3.5 % ophthalmic gel in rabbits after ocular topical administration. Thirty-six rabbits were randomly placed in 12 groups (3 rabbits per group). The rabbits were quickly killed according to their groups at 0 (predose), 0.0833, 0.167, 0.333, 0.667, 1, 1.5, 2, 3, 4, 6, and 8 h postdose and then the ocular tissue and plasma samples were collected. All the samples were analyzed by a validated LC-MS/MS method. The test result showed that the maximum concentration (C max) of lidocaine in different ocular tissues and plasma were all achieved within 20 min after drug administration, and the data of C max were (2,987 ± 1814) μg/g, (44.67 ± 12.91) μg/g, (26.26 ± 7.19) μg/g, (11,046 ± 2,734) ng/mL, and (160.3 ± 61.0) ng/mL for tear fluid, cornea, conjunctiva, aqueous humor, and plasma, respectively. The data of the elimination half-life in these tissues were 1.5, 3.2, 3.5, 1.9, and 1.7 h for tear fluid, cornea, conjunctiva, aqueous humor, and plasma, respectively. The intraocular lidocaine levels were significantly higher than that in plasma, and the elimination half-life of lidocaine in cornea, conjunctiva, and aqueous humor was relatively longer than that in tear fluid and plasma. The high intraocular penetration, low systemic exposure, and long duration in the ocular tissues suggested lidocaine hydrochloride 3.5 % ophthalmic gel as an effective local anesthetic for ocular anesthesia during ophthalmic procedures.

Hyphema as a Complication of Blunt Ocular Trauma and Additional Ocular Findings

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Mehmet Giray Ersöz; Seda Adıyeke; Gamze Türe; Ekrem Talay; Hakkı Özgür Konya

2014-01-01

Objectives: To investigate the frequency of angle recession, commotio retinae, and other ocular findings in patients with hyphema due to blunt ocular trauma. Materials and Methods: The medical records of 66 patients hospitalized between July 2010 and May 2012 with a diagnosis of traumatic hyphema were retrospectively reviewed. The age, gender, period between injury and the first examination, visual acuity at presentation, intraocular pressure (IOP), time of disappearance of hyphem...

Iontoforese no transporte ocular de drogas Iontophoresis for ocular drug delivery

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Sílvia Ligório Fialho

2004-10-01

Full Text Available O método mais comum de administração de drogas no olho é por meio de colírios. Entretanto, por este método, não é possível atingir a concentração terapêutica nos fluidos e tecidos posteriores do olho. A administração sistêmica apresenta reduzido acesso ao segmento posterior do olho devido à presença das barreiras oculares. Injeções subconjuntivais e retrobulbares não são capazes de proporcionar níveis adequados da droga, e a injeção intravítrea é método invasivo, inconveniente e que apre-senta riscos de perfuração do bulbo ocular ou descolamento da retina. A iontoforese, no entanto, apresenta-se como alternativa para o transporte de doses terapêuticas de drogas para o segmento posterior do olho. A iontoforese é uma técnica que consiste na administração de drogas para o organismo através dos tecidos, utilizando um campo elétrico. O eletrodo ativo, que se encontra em contato com a droga, é colocado no local a ser tratado, e um segundo eletrodo, com a finalidade de fechar o circuito elétrico, é colocado em outro local do organismo. O campo elétrico facilita o transporte da droga, que deve se encontrar, preferencialmente, na forma ionizada. A iontoforese pode ser considerada como um método seguro e não invasivo de transporte de drogas para locais específicos do olho. Aplicada experimentalmente para o tratamento de doenças oculares, esta técnica tem evoluído muito nos últimos anos e, atualmente, testes clínicos de fase III encontram-se em andamento.The most traditional method of ocular drug delivery is through the use of eyedrops. However, by this method, the therapeutic concentration in deep ocular fluids and tissues can not be efficiently reached. Systemic administration presents poor access to the posterior segment of the eye due to ocular barriers. Subconjuntival and retrobulbar injections are not able to produce adequate levels of the drug, and intravitreal injection is an invasive and problematic

Ocular anatomy in medieval arabic medicine. A review.

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Laios, Konstantinos; Moschos, Marilita M; George, Androutsos

2016-01-01

In medieval Arabic medicine Ophthalmology had a central role. Ocular anatomy was described in many ophthalmological treatises of the physicians of the time. These physicians followed the doctrines of Galen according ocular anatomy, nevertheless their contribution to the history of ocular anatomy was the presentation of ocular anatomical sketches in their manuscripts for the fist time in medical history.

A challenging case of ocular melanoma.

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Costache, Mariana; Dumitru, Adrian Vasile; Pătraşcu, Oana Maria; Popa-Cherecheanu, Daniela Alina; Bădilă, Patricia; Miu, Jeni Cătălina; Procop, Alexandru; Popa, Manuela; Tampa, Mircea Ştefan; Sajin, Maria; Simionescu, Olga; Cîrstoiu, Monica Mihaela

2015-01-01

Ocular melanoma is a rare malignancy found in clinical practice. In this paper, we present a case of highly aggressive ocular melanoma, which was surgically removed at the Department of Ophthalmology and diagnosed at the Department of Pathology, Emergency University Hospital, Bucharest, Romania, using conventional histopathological techniques. Uveal melanoma, a subset of ocular melanoma, has a distinct behavior in comparison to cutaneous melanoma and has a widely divergent prognosis. Approximately half of patients with ocular melanoma will develop metastatic disease, predominantly with hepatic, pulmonary or cerebral location, over a 10 to 15 years period. No systemic therapy was associated with an evident clinical outcome for patients with advanced disease and overall survival rate remains poor.

Autorefraction versus subjective refraction in a radially asymmetric multifocal intraocular lens.

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van der Linden, Jan Willem; Vrijman, Violette; Al-Saady, Rana; El-Saady, Rana; van der Meulen, Ivanka J; Mourits, Maarten P; Lapid-Gortzak, Ruth

2014-12-01

To evaluate whether the automated refraction (AR) correlates with subjective manifest (MR) refraction in eyes implanted with radially asymmetric multifocal intraocular lens (IOLs). This retrospective study evaluated 52 eyes (52 patients) implanted with a radially asymmetric multifocal IOL (LS-312 MF30, Oculentis, Germany). At 3 months postoperatively, the AR and MR values were compared to determine the correlation between the sphere (S), the spherical equivalent (SE) and the astigmatic components J0 and J45. The difference of mean spherical measurement was +0.98D ± 0.62, with the AR measuring more myopic. The difference of the mean spherical equivalent was +1.11D ± 0.57, again with AR being more myopic. Both these differences were statistically significant (p < 0.001). The astigmatic components showed less differences, with the mean difference of the J0 being -0.09D ± 0.43, and the J45 of +0.04D ± 0.47, which were both not statistically significant (p = 0.123 and p = 0.531, respectively). Correlation analysis of the refractive parameters showed r(2) = 0.067, r(2) = 0.078, r(2) = 0.018 and r(2) = 0.015, respectively, all of which point to a low correlation between the AR and the MR. Autorefraction shows poor correlation to manifest subjective refraction with these radially asymmetric multifocal IOLs. The autorefraction systematically underestimates the spherical and spherical equivalent power, while the correlation between the astigmatic components was also low. Autorefraction seems not a valid starting point for manifest subjective refraction with these types of lenses, unless a corrective factor of about +1 dioptre is used. © 2014 Acta Ophthalmologica Scandinavica Foundation. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.

Empleo de filtros en lentes de contacto

OpenAIRE

López de Dueñas, María

2016-01-01

Gracias al ozono de la estratosfera y a los tejidos oculares a la retina sólo llegan, la luz visible y una pequeña parte de UVA, e IRA. Cuando la radiación entra en un tejido vivo destruye o modifica enlaces provocando anormalidades celulares. Aunque el ojo solo absorbe una pequeña cantidad de radiación el daño que causa depende del tiempo de exposición. Por esto se usan filtros ópticos, dispositivos que disminuyen el paso de un determinado intervalo de longitudes de onda. Estos filtros se añ...

Crianças usuárias de lente de contato nos serviços público e privado: análise comparativa Pediatric contact lens users in public and private services: comparative analysis

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Daniela Araújo Toscano

2009-04-01

Full Text Available OBJETIVOS: Analisar as indicações, tipo, complicações do uso de lentes de contato e acuidade visual em crianças de serviços de Oftalmologia público e privado. MÉTODOS: Os dados dos prontuários de 59 crianças usuárias de lentes de contato em serviço privado (Hospital de Olhos de Pernambuco - Grupo 1, e 43 no serviço público (Fundação Altino Ventura - Grupo 2, foram analisados. A coleta de dados incluiu características sociodemográficas, idade da primeira consulta, indicação do uso da lente, tipo de lente, complicações e acuidade visual. RESULTADOS: As mais comuns indicações do uso de lente de contato no grupo 1 foram: ametropia (55,9%, anisometropia (18,6% e esotropia (16,9%. Neste grupo o leucoma e phthisis não estavam presentes. No grupo 2, as indicações mais comuns foram: anisometropia (23,2%, ametropia e leucoma (18,6% cada, e phthisis (16,3%. A esotropia não apareceu no grupo 2. O tipo de lente de contato mais prescrita foi a gelatinosa de uso permanente (não descartável no grupo 1 (45,8% e no grupo 2 (32,6%. A complicação mais encontrada no grupo 1 foi desconforto (33,3% e no grupo 2 perda da lente (60%. CONCLUSÕES: A indicação de ametropia predominou nos pacientes privados e as anisometropias nos públicos. O tipo de lente de contato mais prescrita nos dois grupos foi a gelatinosa de uso permanente. A complicação mais frequente no grupo 1 foi desconforto e no grupo 2 perda da lente. A acuidade visual na maioria dos pacientes manteve-se.PURPOSE: To analyze the indications, type and complications of contact lens use and visual acuity in children, in ophthalmological, public and private, services. METHODS: The information from the medical records of 59 contact lens users at a private service (Hospital de Olhos de Pernambuco - Recife - PE- Brazil - group 1, and 43 at public service (Fundação Altino Ventura - Recife - PE - Brazil - group 2, was analyzed. The collected data included: demographic information

Ocular myasthenia gravis: A review

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Nair, Akshay Gopinathan; Patil-Chhablani, Preeti; Venkatramani, Devendra V; Gandhi, Rashmin Anilkumar

2014-01-01

Myasthenia gravis (MG) is a disease that affects the neuro-muscular junction resulting in classical symptoms of variable muscle weakness and fatigability. It is called the great masquerader owing to its varied clinical presentations. Very often, a patient of MG may present to the ophthalmologist given that a large proportion of patients with systemic myasthenia have ocular involvement either at presentation or during the later course of the disease. The treatment of ocular MG involves both the neurologist and ophthalmologist. Thus, the aim of this review was to highlight the current diagnosis, investigations, and treatment of ocular MG. PMID:25449931

Radioembolization After Portal Vein Embolization in a Patient with Multifocal Hepatocellular Carcinoma

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Burgmans, Mark C.; Irani, Farah G.; Chan, Wan Ying; Teo, Terence K.; Kao, Yung Hsiang; Goh, Anthony S.W.; Chow, Pierce K.; Lo, Richard H.

2012-01-01

Radioembolization is an effective locoregional therapy for patients with intermediate or advanced stage hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). It has been shown that radioembolization is safe in patients with portal vein thrombosis. This case report describes safe radioembolization after portal vein embolization in a patient with multifocal HCC.

Rehabilitación en pacientes con trauma ocular Rehabilitation of ocular trauma patients

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Eduardo Ariel Ramos Gómez

2012-01-01

Full Text Available La rehabilitación en oftalmología tiene como función fundamental lograr el máximo aprovechamiento posible del resto visual. El traumatismo ocular es considerado una de las entidades nosológicas frecuentes que conllevan a una rehabilitación visual. Las causas que provocan este tipo de trauma son variadas y dentro de estas, las agresiones con intención de provocar daños con secuelas son muy frecuentes. Es objetivo de esta revisión puntualizar la importancia de la rehabilitación en pacientes con traumatismo ocular e incentivar el buen accionar de todos los oftalmólogos en cuanto a su atención.The main goal of rehabilitation in ophthalmology is to use as much as possible the residual vision. Ocular trauma is considered one of the common diseases that imply visual rehabilitation. The causes of eye injuries are varied; among them assaults with intent to cause damage are the most common. The objective of this article was to point out the importance of rehabilitation in patients with ocular trauma and to encourage all the ophthalmologists to act accordingly.

Multifocal amelanotic conjunctival melanoma and acquired melanosis sine pigmento.

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Paridaens, A D; McCartney, A C; Hungerford, J L

1992-03-01

Clinical and histopathological features of four cases of multifocal amelanotic malignant melanoma of the conjunctiva in association with 'acquired melanosis sine pigmento' are reported. The absence of conjunctival pigmentation in this extremely rare combination of lesions prevented early diagnosis and clinical monitoring. As a result orbital exenteration was required in three cases. This multicentric non-pigmented variety of conjunctival malignant melanoma tends to present later than pigmented forms and may require exenteration of the orbit as a primary procedure.

Ocular morbidity among porters at high altitudes.

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Gnyawali, Subodh; Shrestha, Gauri Shankar; Khanal, Safal; Dennis, Talisa; Spencer, John C

2017-01-01

High altitude, often characterized by settings over 2400m, can be detrimental to the human body and pose a significant risk to ocular health. Reports concerning various ocular morbidities occurring as a consequence of high altitude are limited in the current literature. This study was aimed at evaluating the ocular health of porters working at high altitudesof Himalayas in Nepal. A mobile eye clinic was set up in Ghat and patient data were collected from its out- patient unit by a team of seven optometrists which was run for five days. Ghat is a small village in north-eastern Nepal, located at 2860 m altitude. Travellers walking through the trekking route were invited to get their eyes checked at the clinic. Comprehensive ocular examinations were performed, including visual acuities, objective and subjective refraction, anterior and posterior segment evaluations, and intraocular pressure measurements; blood pressure and blood glucose levels were also measured as required. Ocular therapeutics, prescription glasses, sunglasses and ocular health referrals were provided free of cost as necessary. A total of 1890 people visited the eye clinic, among which 57.4% (n=1084) were porters. Almost half of the porters had an ocular morbidity. Correctable refractive error was most prevalent, with other ocular health-related complications, including dry eye disease, infectious disorders, glaucoma and cataract. Proper provision of regular and effective eye care services should be made more available for those residing at these high altitudes in Nepal. © NEPjOPH.

Ocular Tropism of Respiratory Viruses

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Rota, Paul A.; Tumpey, Terrence M.

2013-01-01

SUMMARY Respiratory viruses (including adenovirus, influenza virus, respiratory syncytial virus, coronavirus, and rhinovirus) cause a broad spectrum of disease in humans, ranging from mild influenza-like symptoms to acute respiratory failure. While species D adenoviruses and subtype H7 influenza viruses are known to possess an ocular tropism, documented human ocular disease has been reported following infection with all principal respiratory viruses. In this review, we describe the anatomical proximity and cellular receptor distribution between ocular and respiratory tissues. All major respiratory viruses and their association with human ocular disease are discussed. Research utilizing in vitro and in vivo models to study the ability of respiratory viruses to use the eye as a portal of entry as well as a primary site of virus replication is highlighted. Identification of shared receptor-binding preferences, host responses, and laboratory modeling protocols among these viruses provides a needed bridge between clinical and laboratory studies of virus tropism. PMID:23471620

Temporal dynamics of ocular position dependence of the initial human vestibulo-ocular reflex.

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Crane, Benjamin T; Tian, Junru; Demer, Joseph L

2006-04-01

While an ideal vestibulo-ocular reflex (VOR) generates ocular rotations compensatory for head motion, during visually guided movements, Listing's Law (LL) constrains the eye to rotational axes lying in Listing's Plane (LP). The present study was conducted to explore the recent proposal that the VOR's rotational axis is not collinear with the head's, but rather follows a time-dependent strategy intermediate between LL and an ideal VOR. Binocular LPs were defined during visual fixation in eight normal humans. The VOR was evoked by a highly repeatable transient whole-body yaw rotation in darkness at a peak acceleration of 2800 deg/s2. Immediately before rotation, subjects regarded targets 15 or 500 cm distant located at eye level, 20 degrees up, or 20 degrees down. Eye and head responses were compared with LL predictions in the position and velocity domains. LP orientation varied both among subjects and between individual subject's eyes, and rotated temporally with convergence by 5 +/- 5 degrees (+/-SEM). In the position domain, the eye compensated for head displacement even when the head rotated out of LP. Even within the first 20 ms from onset of head rotation, the ocular velocity axis tilted relative to the head axis by 30% +/- 8% of vertical gaze position. Saccades increased this tilt. Regardless of vertical gaze position, the ocular rotation axis tilted backward 4 degrees farther in abduction than in adduction. There was also a binocular vertical eye velocity transient and lateral tilt of the ocular axis. These disconjugate, short-latency axis perturbations appear intrinsic to the VOR and may have neural or mechanical origins.

Seasonal and diurnal variations of ocular pressure in ocular hypertensive subjects in Pakistan.

Science.gov (United States)

Qureshi, I A; Xiao, R X; Yang, B H; Zhang, J; Xiang, D W; Hui, J L

1999-05-01

Studies have been shown that intraocular pressure (IOP) shows a diurnal variation in ocular hypertensive subjects, but the amount of change differs from study to study. In recent years it has been noted that intraocular pressure is a dynamic function and is subjected to many influences both acutely and over the long term. The variability in the results may be due to negligence of factors that can affect IOP. Moreover, seasonal variations in the ocular hypertensive subjects have never been described. After placing control on those factors that can affect IOP, this study investigated seasonal and diurnal variations in IOP of ocular hypertensive subjects. IOP was measured each month over the course of 12 months with the Goldmann applanation tonometer in 91 ocular hypertensive male subjects. To see the diurnal changes, subjects were asked to stay in the hospital for 24 hours. The average IOP in the winter months was higher than those in spring, summer, and autumn. The IOP difference between winter and summer was (mean +/- sem) 2.9 +/- 0.9 mmHg (p < 0.001). The peak of mean IOP in diurnal variation curve (25.7 +/- 1.2 mmHg) appeared in the morning when the subjects had just awaken. The mean diurnal variation was found to be 4.2 +/- 0.6 mmHg (p < 0.001). This study confirms that seasons influence IOP and it shows diurnal variations. As compared to other nations, diurnal variations in ocular hypertensive subjects seem to be somewhat less in Pakistan. Knowledge of the seasonal and diurnal variations in IOP may help glaucoma screeners.

Influência da redução medicamentosa da pressão intra-ocular na medida da espessura da camada de fibras nervosas da retina de olhos hipertensos e glaucomatosos pela polarimetria de varredura a laser The influence of intraocular pressure reduction with medication on retinal nerve fiber layer thickness measurements obtained with scanning laser polarimetry in glaucomatous and hypertensive eyes

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Rodrigo Rezende Gomes Avelino

2006-10-01

Full Text Available OBJETIVO: Avaliar o efeito da redução da pressão intra-ocular (PIO obtido com o uso de terapia medicamentosa na espessura da camada de fibras nervosas da retina medida pela polarimetria de varredura a laser (PVL em pacientes glaucomatosos ou hipertensos oculares. MÉTODOS: Trinta e sete olhos de 37 pacientes foram prospectivamente incluídos no estudo e avaliados com a PVL sem uso de medicação ocular hipotensora e num período entre 15 e 30 dias após a instituição de medicação ocular hipotensora, que resultou em redução da PIO de pelo menos 25%. Os parâmetros medidos pela PVL antes e após a redução da PIO foram comparados com o teste t de Student pareado. RESULTADOS: A PIO média dos 37 pacientes diminuiu significativamente de 26,57±4,23 mmHg para 16,54±2,92 mmHg (p0,05. CONCLUSÃO: A redução da PIO com o uso de medicação ocular hipotensora não altera a medida da espessura da camada de fibras nervosas da retina pela PVL em pacientes com glaucoma ou hipertensão ocular.PURPOSE: To evaluate changes in retinal nerve fiber layer thickness as measured by scanning laser polarimetry (SLP after the use of medication to reduce intraocular pressure (IOP in glaucomatous or ocular hypertensive patients. METHODS: The authors prospectively enrolled 37 eyes of 37 patients in whom IOP was reduced by more than 25% after the use of medication. The images were obtained before and 15 to 30 days after the introduction of medication. The SLP parameters measured before and after the use of medication were compared using paired Student's t Test. RESULTS: The mean IOP was significantly reduced from 26.57±4.23 mmHg to 16.54 ±2.92 mmHg after the use of medication (p0.05. CONCLUSION: The retinal nerve fiber layer thickness, as measured by SLP, is not affected by the reduction of IOP with medication in patients with glaucoma or ocular hypertension.

The role of herpesviruses in ocular infections

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Asim V Farooq

2010-09-01

Full Text Available Asim V Farooq1, Arpeet Shah1, Deepak Shukla21Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, 2Department of Microbiology and Immunology, College of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USAAbstract: Ocular infections caused by herpesviruses are an important cause of morbidity. The majority of cases are believed to be associated with herpes simplex virus type-1 (HSV-1, although HSV-2, varicella zoster virus (VZV, cytomegalovirus (CMV and Epstein–Barr virus (EBV are also associated with various ocular diseases. The ability of some herpes viruses to infect various anatomic regions of the eye may be facilitated by entry processes that are cell-type specific, and in many cases may occur more frequently in the immunocompromised. The elimination of the role of herpesviruses in ocular disease remains elusive, as they often develop life-long latency in a large proportion of humans. Experimental vaccines for ocular HSV have shown some benefit in animal models, a result that has not been adequately demonstrated in clinical trials. Meanwhile, ocular involvement in VZV remains unpredictable, and CMV retinitis continues to be an important cause of blindness in those infected by HIV.Keywords: ocular herpes, viral entry, antivirals, epidemiology, seroprevalence, ocular lymphomas, viral vaccine

Republished review: Gene therapy for ocular diseases.

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Liu, Melissa M; Tuo, Jingsheng; Chan, Chi-Chao

2011-07-01

The eye is an easily accessible, highly compartmentalised and immune-privileged organ that offers unique advantages as a gene therapy target. Significant advancements have been made in understanding the genetic pathogenesis of ocular diseases, and gene replacement and gene silencing have been implicated as potentially efficacious therapies. Recent improvements have been made in the safety and specificity of vector-based ocular gene transfer methods. Proof-of-concept for vector-based gene therapies has also been established in several experimental models of human ocular diseases. After nearly two decades of ocular gene therapy research, preliminary successes are now being reported in phase 1 clinical trials for the treatment of Leber congenital amaurosis. This review describes current developments and future prospects for ocular gene therapy. Novel methods are being developed to enhance the performance and regulation of recombinant adeno-associated virus- and lentivirus-mediated ocular gene transfer. Gene therapy prospects have advanced for a variety of retinal disorders, including retinitis pigmentosa, retinoschisis, Stargardt disease and age-related macular degeneration. Advances have also been made using experimental models for non-retinal diseases, such as uveitis and glaucoma. These methodological advancements are critical for the implementation of additional gene-based therapies for human ocular diseases in the near future.

Correction to: Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy in rituximab-treated rheumatic diseases: a rare event.

Science.gov (United States)

Berger, Joseph R; Malik, Vineeta; Lacey, Stuart; Brunetta, Paul; Lehane, Patricia B

2018-04-10

The article "Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy in rituximab-treated rheumatic diseases: a rare event," written by Joseph R. Berger, Vineeta Malik, Stuart Lacey, Paul Brunetta, and Patricia B. Lehane 3 , was originally published electronically on the publisher's internet portal (currently SpringerLink).

Serological IgG avidity test for ocular toxoplasmosis

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Suresh S

2012-01-01

Full Text Available Subramaniam Suresh1, Saidin Nor-Masniwati1, Muhd Nor Nor-Idahriani1, Wan-Hitam Wan-Hazabbah1, Mohamed Zeehaida2, Embong Zunaina11Department of Ophthalmology, 2Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kelantan, MalaysiaBackground: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the immunoglobulin (Ig G avidity of serological toxoplasmosis testing in patients with ocular inflammation and to determine the clinical manifestations of ocular toxoplasmosis.Methods: A retrospective review of all patients presenting with ocular inflammation to the Hospital Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kelantan, Malaysia between 2005 and 2009 was undertaken. Visual acuity, clinical manifestations at presentation, toxoplasmosis antibody testing, and treatment records were analyzed.Results: A total of 130 patients with ocular inflammation were reviewed retrospectively. The patients had a mean age of 38.41 (standard deviation 19.24, range 6–83 years. Seventy-one patients (54.6% were found to be seropositive, of whom five (3.8% were both IgG and IgM positive (suggestive of recently acquired ocular toxoplasmosis while one (0.8% showed IgG avidity ≤40% (suggestive of recently acquired ocular toxoplasmosis and 65 patients (50.0% showed IgG avidity >40% (suggestive of reactivation of toxoplasmosis infection. Chorioretinal scarring as an ocular manifestation was significantly more common in patients with seropositive toxoplasmosis (P = 0.036. Eighteen patients (13.8% were diagnosed as having recent and/or active ocular toxoplasmosis based on clinical manifestations and serological testing.Conclusion: Ocular toxoplasmosis is a clinical diagnosis, but specific toxoplasmosis antibody testing helps to support the diagnosis and to differentiate between reactivation of infection and recently acquired ocular toxoplasmosis.Keywords: ocular toxoplasmosis, chorioretinal scar, toxoplasmosis antibody, IgG avidity test

Multifocal choroiditis as the first sign of systemic sarcoidosis associated with pembrolizumab

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Qu-Knafo Lise

2017-04-01

Conclusions and importance: Pembrolizumab is an immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy used in the treatment of metastatic melanoma. We report a pembrolizumab-associated sarcoidosis revealed by a panuveitis with multifocal choroiditis. Physicians should be aware of the potential inflammatory and autoimmune disease that may be induced by immunomodulatory therapies.

21 CFR 882.1790 - Ocular plethysmograph.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-04-01

...) MEDICAL DEVICES NEUROLOGICAL DEVICES Neurological Diagnostic Devices § 882.1790 Ocular plethysmograph. (a) Identification. An ocular plethysmograph is a device used to measure or detect volume changes in the eye produced...

Optical design of soft multifocal contact lens with uniform optical power in center-distance zone with optimized NURBS.

Science.gov (United States)

Vu, Lien T; Chen, Chao-Chang A; Yu, Chia-Wei

2018-02-05

This study aims to develop a new optical design method of soft multifocal contact lens (CLs) to obtain uniform optical power in large center-distance zone with optimized Non-Uniform Rational B-spline (NURBS). For the anterior surface profiles of CLs, the NURBS design curves are optimized to match given optical power distributions. Then, the NURBS in the center-distance zones are fitted in the corresponding spherical/aspheric curves for both data points and their centers of curvature to achieve the uniform power. Four cases of soft CLs have been manufactured by casting in shell molds by injection molding and then measured to verify the design specifications. Results of power profiles of these CLs are concord with the given clinical requirements of uniform powers in larger center-distance zone. The developed optical design method has been verified for multifocal CLs design and can be further applied for production of soft multifocal CLs.

Avaliação da qualidade óptica de lentes de contato gelatinosas na correção de miopia Evaluation of optical performance of soft contact lenses in myopic correction

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Marcelo Weslley Dalcoll

2008-12-01

Full Text Available OBJETIVO: Avaliar a qualidade óptica de olhos adaptados com dois tipos diferentes de lentes de contato gelatinosas: Acuvue® 2 (Vistacon J&J Vision Care Inc., EUA e World Vision Disposable Asférica Wave Front® (World Vision Ophthalmic, Brasil. MÉTODOS: Estudo clínico e prospectivo com intervenção em amostra constituída por 40 indivíduos portadores de miopia entre -0,75D e -4,50D, sem ou com astigmatismo até -0,75D. Um olho de cada paciente foi sorteado para avaliação a qual incluiu acuidade visual de alto e baixo contraste, aberrometria e teste de sensibilidade ao contraste. RESULTADOS: A sobre-refração objetiva realizada pelo Nidek OPD-Scan detectou hipercorreção significativa para ambas as lentes de contato gelatinosas. A avaliação da AV logMAR de alto e baixo contraste mostrou diferença significativa favorável das lentes de contato gelatinosas em relação aos óculos e na comparação entre as lentes de contato gelatinosas, apenas em relação à AV logMAR de alto contraste, houve melhor desempenho da LC World Vision Disposable Asférica Wave Front® . A avaliação de sensibilidade ao contraste detectou melhor desempenho das lentes de contato gelatinosas em relação aos óculos para as freqüências espaciais de 1,5; 3; 6 e 18. Não houve diferença significativa entre os dois tipos de lentes de contato gelatinosas nas freqüências espaciais avaliadas. A análise de frentes de onda não identificou diferença significativa do índice de Strehl, função de transferência modular (MTF e das aberrações de alta ordem (aberrações totais, coma, trefoil, quadrifoil, esférica e astigmatismo secundário sem e com as lentes de contato gelatinosas, bem como na comparação entre elas. CONCLUSÃO: Houve melhor desempenho óptico da lente de contato gelatinosa World Vision Disposable Asférica Wave Front® na medida de AV logMAR de alto contraste. Não houve diferença entre as lentes de contato gelatinosas nas avalia

Conjuntivite por Achromobacter xylosoxidans: relato de caso Conjunctivitis due to Achromobacter xylosoxidans: case report

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Juliana Faggion Lucatelli

2009-04-01

Full Text Available Relatamos um caso de conjuntivite ocasionada por Achromobacter xylosoxidans em paciente imunocompetente usuária de lentes de contato rígidas. A bactéria foi isolada da solução utilizada para a desinfecção das lentes bem como do raspado conjuntival. A. xylosoxidans tem sido descrita em infecções oportunistas em pacientes imunodeprimidos, contudo pode ser confundida com outros bacilos gram-negativos, principalmente Pseudomonas aeruginosa, isoladas de infecções oculares em pacientes imunocompetentes. Devido ao reduzido perfil de sensibilidade aos antimicrobianos demonstrado pelo A. xylosoxidans, torna-se importante a identificação deste agente etiológico em quadros de conjuntivite.We report here a case of conjunctivitis in an immunocompetent patient due to Achromobacter xylosoxidans, which was associated with the use of rigid contact lenses. The bacteria were isolated from the scraped conjunctival swab as well as from the lens cleaning fluid. A. xylosoxidans is an opportunistic pathogen, especially in immunocompromised patients; however, in isolates of ocular infections, from immunocompetent patients, it may be confused with other gram-negative organisms, particularly Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Due to an increased resistance against different antimicrobial agents, A. xylosoxidans must be fully identified and differentiated from other gram-negative isolates from ocular infections.

Surfing-related ocular injuries.

Science.gov (United States)

Kim, J W; McDonald, H R; Rubsamen, P E; Luttrull, J K; Drouilhet, J H; Frambach, D A; Boyer, D S; Lambrou, F H; Hendrick, A; Weiss, J N; Engstrom, R E; Ing, M

1998-01-01

This report evaluates the clinical characteristics of surfing-related ocular trauma to learn the nature of such injuries and propose possible preventive measures. The authors reviewed 11 cases of surfing-related eye injuries caused by direct trauma from the surfboard, studying their mechanism of injury, the associated ocular complications, and the anatomic and visual outcomes of surgical repair. Surfing-related ocular injuries occurred exclusively in young males (mean age, 24.8 years; range, 14-37 years). The mechanism of injury most frequently responsible was impact with the sharp nose of the surfboard following a fall. Serious posterior segment complications were observed in all 11 patients, with nine patients suffering ruptured globes. Despite immediate medical attention, five patients did not recover ambulatory levels of visual acuity (>5/200). Surfing-related ocular trauma presenting to the retinal specialist typically leaves the patient with a permanent visual disability. Important factors contributing to these high-velocity injuries include the sharply pointed nose of the surfboard and the leash keeping the surfer in close proximity to the board following a fall. A simple modification in surfboard design such as blunting the sharp nose of the surfboard, or appropriate protective guards fitted over the surfboard nose, should lessen the severity of such injuries.

Artefactos en ultrasonido ocular

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Mariana Mayorquín Ruiz

2016-07-01

Full Text Available El ultrasonido ocular es un estudio dependiente del operador. Un buen estudio ecográfico debe tener como base el conocimiento de la anatomía y fisiología normales y de los cambios producidos en diferentes enfermedades, así como los cambios tras una cirugía ocular o trauma. El conocimiento de los fenómenos físicos producidos por el ultrasonido es la base para entender y reconocer la presencia de artefactos en el ultrasonido ocular. Esta revisión tiene como objetivo hacer un recuento de los artefactos que pueden ocasionar confusión al interpretar una imagen ecográfica, así como explicar la base física en la que se basan, reduciendo de esta manera los errores de interpretación y diagnósticos.

Update on ocular toxicity of ethambutol

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Priscilla Makunyane

2016-08-01

Full Text Available The purpose of this review is to update clinicians on available literature on the ocular toxicity of ethambutol and the type of eye care to be provided to patients treated with these medications. Ethambutol is a commonly used first-line anti-tuberculosis drug. Since its first use in the 1960s, ocular toxicity is described as related to dose and duration, and it is reversible on therapy discontinuation. However, the reversibility of the toxic optic neuropathy remains controversial. The mechanism of ocular toxicity owing to ethambutol is still under investigation. Other than discontinuing the drug, no specific treatment is available for the optic neuropathy caused by ethambutol. Doctors prescribing ethambutol should be aware of the ocular toxicity, and the drug should be used with proper patient education and ophthalmic monitoring.

Clinical application of ocular trauma score for mechanical ocular injury in armed forces

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Ying ZHANG

2011-10-01

Full Text Available Objective To evaluate the predictive value of ocular trauma score(OTS in mechanical ocular injuries occurring in military forces,and compare the difference of OTS application between ocular injury caused by military training and non-military training.Methods The data of 633 inpatients from armed forces suffering from injury of 665 eyes were retrospectively reviewed.Of the 665 injured eyes,326 were injured during military training and 339 during non-military training.The likelihood of final visual acuity(VA calculated with the OTS score was compared with that by the present OTS study,and the correlation between the score and final VA was then analyzed.Results Compared with the distribution of final VA in standard OTS score,the ratio in category 1 was statistically different in present study(P 0.05.There were significant differences in ratio of category 3 between eyes injured by military and non-military training(P < 0.05,and both ratios in category 1 were significantly different compared with those in standard OTS(P < 0.01,e.g.the ratio of NLP was lower(50% vs 73%,P < 0.01;43% vs 73%,P < 0.01;and the ratio in category 2 was significantly different between the eyes injured by non-military training and standard OTS(P < 0.05.However,the OTS showed positive correlation with final VA in present study(P < 0.0001.Conclusion OTS calculated at initial examination may primarily provide a piece of prognostic information of mechanical ocular injuries,and is of special benefit for deciding a prompt management or for evacuation decision for severe ocular injuries caused by military training.

Tuberculosis ocular

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Francisco Infante Barrera

1950-01-01

Full Text Available La evolución etiológica de la medicina la podemos dividir en dos grandes períodos: período de la sífilis y período de la tuberculosis. El período de la sífilis, gracias a las armas de combate de que hoy disponemos, ocupa un lugar secundario. El período de la tuberculosis y que no es sino el paralelo de la vida moderna, ocupa en vigencia el primer lugar. Es el período presente. Hasta hace poco tiempo el médico en general, iniciaba la exploración de su paciente con un interrogatorio, una inspección, un tacto y una serología con una obsesión sifilítica. En la época actual el médico y en especial el oftalmólogo debe tener una obsesión tuberculosa en la investigación etiológica. Cuántas veces en una afección ocular que de una manera lenta pero progresiva produce profundas alteraciones oculares, lleva el sello soterrado de una tuberculosis? Cuántos enfermos de una constitución en apariencia envidiable hacen precisamente por un exceso de sus defensas una alergia tuberculosa? Tan traicionera como la sífilis es la tuberculosis. La sífilis quema sus etapas y estalla con una hemorragia cerebral, una locura, una parálisis general, una ataxia locomotriz progresiva, una goma o una meningitis sifilítica. La tuberculosis hace su presentación con una afección ocular, una goma, una granulia, una artritis, una osteítis, o una meningitis óptico-quiasmática. Siendo esto así, es necesario, en la mayoría de las afecciones oculares, tratar de identificarla por los medios de diagnóstico de que hoy disponemos.

Power Profiles of Commercial Multifocal Soft Contact Lenses.

Science.gov (United States)

Kim, Eon; Bakaraju, Ravi C; Ehrmann, Klaus

2017-02-01

To evaluate the optical power profiles of commercially available soft multifocal contact lenses and compare their optical designs. The power profiles of 38 types of multifocal contact lenses-three lenses each-were measured in powers +6D, +3D, +1D, -1D, -3D, and -6D using NIMO TR1504 (Lambda-X, Belgium). All lenses were measured in phosphate buffered saline across 8 mm optic zone diameter. Refractive index of each lens material was measured using CLR 12-70 (Index Instruments, UK), which was used for converting measured power in the medium to in-air radial power profiles. Three basic types of power profiles were identified: center-near, center-distance, and concentric-zone ring-type designs. For most of the lens types, the relative plus with respect to prescription power was lower than the corresponding spectacle add. For some lens types, the measured power profiles were shifted by up to 1D across the power range relative to their labeled power. Most of the lenses were designed with noticeable amounts of spherical aberration. The sign and magnitude of spherical aberration can either be power dependent or consistent across the power range. Power profiles can vary widely between the different lens types; however, certain similarities were also observed between some of the center-near designs. For the more recently released lens types, there seems to be a trend emerging to reduce the relative plus with respect to prescription power, include negative spherical aberration, and keep the power profiles consistent across the power range.

Quality of life in purely ocular myasthenia in Japan

Science.gov (United States)

2014-01-01

Background Since there has been no conclusive evidence regarding the treatment of ocular myasthenia, treatment guidelines were recently issued by the European Federation of Neurological Societies/European Neurological Society (EFNS/ENS). However, the therapeutic outcomes concerning the quality-of-life (QOL) of patients with ocular myasthenia are not yet fully understood. Methods We investigated the therapeutic outcomes of patients with purely ocular myasthenia in a multicenter cross-sectional survey in Japan. To evaluate the severity of ocular symptoms, we used the ocular-quantitative MG (QMG) score advocated by Myasthenia Gravis Foundation of America. We used the Japanese translated version of the MG-QOL15, a self-appraised scoring system. Results Of 607 myasthenia gravis (MG) patients with an observation-duration of illness ≥ 2 years, the cases of 123 patients (20%) were limited to ocular muscles (purely ocular myasthenia). During the entire clinical course, 81 patients experienced both ptosis and diplopia, 36 had ptosis alone, and six had diplopia alone. Acetyl-cholinesterase inhibitors and prednisolone were used in 98 and 52 patients, respectively. Treatment improved ocular symptoms, with the mean reduction in ocular-QMG score of 2.3 ± 1.8 points. However, 47 patients (38%) failed to gain minimal manifestation or a better status. Patients with unfavorable outcomes also self-reported severe QOL impairment. Multivariate analyses showed that the pretreatment ocular-QMG score was associated with unfavorable outcomes, but not associated with the patient’s QOL. Conclusion A treatment strategy designed in accord with a patient's ocular presentation must be considered in order to improve ocular symptoms and the patient's QOL. PMID:24996227

Estudo refracional em crianças pseudofácicas Refraction study on pseudophakic children

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Gerson López Moreno

2005-06-01

Full Text Available OBJETIVO: Verificar as alterações refratométricas em olhos de crianças submetidas à cirurgia de catarata com implante de lente intra-ocular (LIO e pesquisar a previsão da biometria nesses casos. MÉTODOS: Foram estudados 33 olhos com medição prévia da acuidade visual com indicação cirúrgica de catarata com implante de lente intra-ocular no Ambulatório de Catarata Congênita da Escola Paulista de Medicina - Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP-EPM, desde janeiro de 1998 até dezembro de 2000. No pós-operatório foi realizada a refração, prescritos os óculos com o adequado tratamento para estimulação visual da criança e a medida da acuidade visual final com a correção. Foram analisadas: refrações finais, a acurácia da biometria e os possíveis fatores de erros. RESULTADOS: Foram realizadas 33 cirurgias em 29 crianças. O seguimento teve média de 10,15 meses com variação de 2 até 34 ±8,18 meses. Em 43% dos casos obteve-se visão igual ou maior que 20/50. Quarenta e seis por cento dos pacientes apresentaram refração final entre +1,00 e -1,00 dioptrias esféricas. CONCLUSÃO: O tratamento da catarata congênita mediante implante de lente intra-ocular continua controverso, sendo que os resultados a longo prazo não são conhecidos. Número grande de pacientes foram operados tardiamente evoluindo com ambliopia e baixa acuidade visual mesmo após o tratamento devido a grande dificuldade de acesso ao tratamento adequado e precoce. Apesar da refração residual os pacientes obtiveram boa acuidade visual. Em 21% dos casos que permaneceram com alteração refratométrica com hipermetropia ainda terão aumento no seu diâmetro axial e conseqüentemente miopização com redução de sua refração.PURPOSE: To verify the refractive alterations in eyes of children submitted to surgery with implant of intraocular lens (IOL and to investigate prediction of biometry in these cases. METHODS: Thirty-three eyes were studied with

Rehabilitación protésica por pérdida ocular traumática Prosthetic rehabilitation for the traumatic ocular loss

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Susana Vilar Salas

2012-01-01

Full Text Available Se describir el protocolo para la atención del paciente con trauma en el servicio de urgencias con diagnóstico de pérdida del globo ocular por cualquier etiología. Para esto se realizó una revisión sobre trauma ocular y rehabilitacion ocular por prótesis en internet y de la literatura impresa nacional e internacional. El esquema de tratamiento de rehabilitación se realiza en estos pacientes desde que termina la cirugía con la utilización del conformador, la protesis ocular definitiva hasta el seguimiento por el departamento de prótesis. Comenzar el tratamiento de forma inmediata es importante para lograr la excelencia en la adaptación de la prótesis ocular definitiva.This paper described the protocol for the care of trauma patients at the emergency service with diagnosis of loss of the eyeball for any cause. To this end, a review of ocular trauma and ocular rehabilitation by using prosthesis was made on Internet and on the national and international printed literature. The rehabilitation treatment program is applied to these patients from the end of the surgery, aided by the contourer and the definitive ocular prosthesis, to the follow-up process carried out by the prosthetic department. The early start of treatment is important to fully succeed in tailoring the final ocular prosthesis.

Wide-field two-dimensional multifocal optical-resolution photoacoustic computed microscopy

Science.gov (United States)

Xia, Jun; Li, Guo; Wang, Lidai; Nasiriavanaki, Mohammadreza; Maslov, Konstantin; Engelbach, John A.; Garbow, Joel R.; Wang, Lihong V.

2014-01-01

Optical-resolution photoacoustic microscopy (OR-PAM) is an emerging technique that directly images optical absorption in tissue at high spatial resolution. To date, the majority of OR-PAM systems are based on single focused optical excitation and ultrasonic detection, limiting the wide-field imaging speed. While one-dimensional multifocal OR-PAM (1D-MFOR-PAM) has been developed, the potential of microlens and transducer arrays has not been fully realized. Here, we present the development of two-dimensional multifocal optical-resolution photoacoustic computed microscopy (2D-MFOR-PACM), using a 2D microlens array and a full-ring ultrasonic transducer array. The 10 × 10 mm2 microlens array generates 1800 optical foci within the focal plane of the 512-element transducer array, and raster scanning the microlens array yields optical-resolution photoacoustic images. The system has improved the in-plane resolution of a full-ring transducer array from ≥100 µm to 29 µm and achieved an imaging time of 36 seconds over a 10 × 10 mm2 field of view. In comparison, the 1D-MFOR-PAM would take more than 4 minutes to image over the same field of view. The imaging capability of the system was demonstrated on phantoms and animals both ex vivo and in vivo. PMID:24322226

Ocular defects in cerebral palsy

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Katoch Sabita

2007-01-01

Full Text Available There is a high prevalence of ocular defects in children with developmental disabilities. This study evaluated visual disability in a group of 200 cerebral palsy (CP patients and found that 68% of the children had significant visual morbidity. These findings emphasize the need for an early ocular examination in patients with CP.

CURED I - LENT. Late effects of cancer treatment on normal tissues

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Rubin, P.; Okunieff, P.; Constine, L.S.; Rochester Univ. School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, NY; Marks, L.B.

2008-01-01

The search for the most favorable therapeutic ratio - at which ablation of cancer is achieved while normal tissues are conserved - has been modern radiation oncology's equivalent of the quest for the Holy Grail. Our awareness of the late effects of radiation grew during the past century as new modalities were introduced. Heightened normal tissue reactions accompanied the higher rates of cancer ablation achieved by escalation of radiation doses, accelerated fractionated radiotherapy, and aggressive concurrent chemotherapy and radiation regimens. This volume is based on the LENT V NCI-sponsored meeting held in May 2004 and the CURED I conference held in 2006. Written by experts in the field, it addresses a number of critical topics relating to late effects, such as mechanisms of injury, the role of screening, options for interventions, second malignancies, and prevention. It is hoped that it will assist the reader in understanding how to prevent and treat the long-term side-effects of irradiation. (orig.)

Multifocal Visual Evoked Potential in Eyes With Temporal Hemianopia From Chiasmal Compression: Correlation With Standard Automated Perimetry and OCT Findings.

Science.gov (United States)

Sousa, Rafael M; Oyamada, Maria K; Cunha, Leonardo P; Monteiro, Mário L R

2017-09-01

To verify whether multifocal visual evoked potential (mfVEP) can differentiate eyes with temporal hemianopia due to chiasmal compression from healthy controls. To assess the relationship between mfVEP, standard automated perimetry (SAP), and Fourier domain-optical coherence tomography (FD-OCT) macular and peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) thickness measurements. Twenty-seven eyes with permanent temporal visual field (VF) defects from chiasmal compression on SAP and 43 eyes of healthy controls were submitted to mfVEP and FD-OCT scanning. Multifocal visual evoked potential was elicited using a stimulus pattern of 60 sectors and the responses were averaged for the four quadrants and two hemifields. Optical coherence tomography macular measurements were averaged in quadrants and halves, while peripapillary RNFL thickness was averaged in four sectors around the disc. Visual field loss was estimated in four quadrants and each half of the 24-2 strategy test points. Multifocal visual evoked potential measurements in the two groups were compared using generalized estimated equations, and the correlations between mfVEP, VF, and OCT findings were quantified. Multifocal visual evoked potential-measured temporal P1 and N2 amplitudes were significantly smaller in patients than in controls. No significant difference in amplitude was observed for nasal parameters. A significant correlation was found between mfVEP amplitudes and temporal VF loss, and between mfVEP amplitudes and the corresponding OCT-measured macular and RNFL thickness parameters. Multifocal visual evoked potential amplitude parameters were able to differentiate eyes with temporal hemianopia from controls and were significantly correlated with VF and OCT findings, suggesting mfVEP is a useful tool for the detection of visual abnormalities in patients with chiasmal compression.

Chronic recurrent multifocal osteomyelitis (CRMO)

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Schilling, F.

1998-01-01

Chronic recurrent multifocal osteomyelitis (CRMO) is an unusual clinical entity. More than 200 cases are described in the literature and it is presented here with special reference to its radiological aspects. It is an acquired disease of the skeleton which occurs predominantly during childhood and adolescence. About ten per cent of cases begin in early or, rarely, in later adult life. This variant is described here for the first time and is discussed as 'adult CRMO'. The underlying pathology is a bland, predominantly lympho-plasma cellular osteomyelitis which is self-limiting and leads to bone sclerosis (Garre). It probably involves an abnormal immune process which follows an infection but remains clinically latent and remains aseptic and sterile. In a quarter of cases there is an association with pustulosis palmo-plantaris and its relationship with psoriatic arthropathy is discussed. The clinical, histopathological and imaging features (radiological and particularly MRT) and the bone changes are described. (orig./AJ) [de

The impact of combined oral contraceptives on ocular tissues: a review of ocular effects

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Marilita M. Moschos

2017-10-01

Full Text Available The aim of this manuscript is to review the action and adverse effects of combined oral contraceptives (COCs on ocular tissues. The percentage of unwanted pregnancies and the subsequent abortions make contraception crucial worldwide. Over 100 million women around the world use common contraceptive methods, including intrauterine devices, combined estrogen and progestin oral contraceptives, as well as progestin only preparations (oral contraceptives, implants or injections. COCs are widely used for contraception, but they are also indicated in menorrhagia, endometriosis, acne and hirsutism, fibroid uterus and premenstrual syndrome. However, they have been associated with high rates of cardiovascular events, venous thromboembolic disease, ischemic strokes and breast cancer. The incidence of COCs-related ocular complications is estimated to be 1 in 230 000, including dry eye symptoms, corneal edema, lens opacities and retinal neuro-ophthalmologic or vascular complications. We may infer that the serious ocular complications of COCs can be prevented by eliminating the estrogen dosage and choosing third-generation progestins. In any case, doctors should take into consideration the systemic and ocular history of the patients before selecting any method of contraception.

Primary Disseminated Multifocal Ewing Sarcoma: Results of the Euro-EWING 99 Trial

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Ladenstein, Ruth; Pötschger, Ulrike; Le Deley, Marie Cécile; Whelan, Jeremy; Paulussen, Michael; Oberlin, Odile; van den Berg, Henk; Dirksen, Uta; Hjorth, Lars; Michon, Jean; Lewis, Ian; Craft, Alan; Jürgens, Heribert

2010-01-01

Purpose To improve the poor prognosis of patients with primary disseminated multifocal Ewing sarcomas (PDMES) with a dose-intense treatment concept. Patients and Methods From 1999 to 2005, 281 patients with PDMES were enrolled onto the Euro-EWING 99 R3 study. Median age was 16.2 years (range, 0.4 to

Late hemodynamic failure following percutaneous transluminal angioplasty for long and multifocal femoropopliteal stenoses

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Jørgensen, B; Tønnesen, K H; Holstein, P

1991-01-01

separate segments were dilated. Following 98% initial technical success, 3-year patency was 68% for single short stenoses, as opposed to 20% for long and multifocal stenoses (p = 0.05, logrank test). Antiplatelet therapy with acetylsalicyclic acid was not found to influence occurrence of restenosis...

Multifocal dystonia, Clinical feature of Hallervorden-Spatz

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Ghelichkhani H

1998-09-01

Full Text Available Hallervorden-spatz disease is an inherited metabolic disorder with autosomal recessive trait. Onset is in late childhood or early adolescence. Clinical manifestation is variable but pyramidal and extrapyramidal signs are often prominent. Many of patients show progressive dementia and extrapyramidal symptoms. Ataxia or myoclonus is reported in the course of the disease in individual cases. Focal dystonias including tongue, eyelids (blepharospasm and optic atrophy, retinitis pigmentosa, rarely familial parkinsonism are also reported. Pathologically pigmentary degeneration of globus pallidus, substantia nigra (pars reticular and red nucleus is characteristic. In our case the main clinical feature was multifocal dystonia without obvious pyramidal or other extrapyramidal symptoms, and diagnosis was based on clinical and MRI findings.

Antivascular endothelial growth factors for inflammatory chorioretinal disorders

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Battaglia Parodi, Maurizio; Iacono, Pierluigi; Verbraak, Frank D.; Bandello, Francesco

2010-01-01

Macular edema (ME) and choroidal neovascularization (CNV) can complicate the course of several inflammatory chorioretinal diseases, leading to a severe visual function impairment. The most frequently involved clinical entities include for example multifocal choroiditis, presumed ocular

Ocularity Feature Contrast Attracts Attention Exogenously

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Li Zhaoping

2018-02-01

Full Text Available An eye-of-origin singleton, e.g., a bar shown to the left eye among many other bars shown to the right eye, can capture attention and gaze exogenously or reflexively, even when it appears identical to other visual input items in the scene and when the eye-of-origin feature is irrelevant to the observer’s task. Defining saliency as the strength of exogenous attraction to attention, we say that this eye-of-origin singleton, or its visual location, is salient. Defining the ocularity of a visual input item as the relative difference between its left-eye input and its right-eye input, this paper shows the general case that an ocularity singleton is also salient. For example, a binocular input item among monocular input items is salient, so is a left-eye-dominant input item (e.g., a bar with a higher input contrast to the left eye than to the right eye among right-eye-dominant items. Saliency by unique input ocularity is analogous to saliency by unique input colour (e.g., a red item among green ones, as colour is determined by the relative difference(s between visual inputs to different photoreceptor cones. Just as a smaller colour difference between a colour singleton and background items makes this singleton less salient, so does a smaller ocularity difference between an ocularity singleton and background items. While a salient colour difference is highly visible, a salient ocularity difference is often perceptually invisible in some cases and discouraging gaze shifts towards it in other cases, making its behavioural manifestation not as apparent. Saliency by ocularity contrast provides another support to the idea that the primary visual cortex creates a bottom-up saliency map to guide attention exogenously.

Intra-Arterial Chemotherapy as Primary Therapy for Retinoblastoma in Infants Less than 3 Months of Age: A Series of 10 Case-Studies.

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Miaojuan Chen

Full Text Available Retinoblastoma is the most common primary malignant intra-ocular tumor in children. Although intra-arterial chemotherapy (IAC by selectively infusing chemotherapy through the ophthalmic artery has become an essential technique in the treatment of advanced intra-ocular retinoblastoma in children, the outcome of IAC as primary therapy for infants less than 3 months of age remains unknown. In this retrospective study, we reviewed the outcome of IAC as primary therapy for retinoblastoma in infants less than 3 months of age.We retrospectively reviewed ten retinoblastoma patients attending our center from January 2009 to September 2015 and beginning primary IAC before the age of 3 months. The patient characteristics, overall outcomes and therapy-related complications were assessed.The mean patient age at the first IAC treatment was 10.4 weeks (range 4.9-12.9 weeks. These eyes were classified according to the International Classification of Retinoblastoma (ICRB as group A (n = 0, B (n = 2, C (n = 0, D (n = 9, or E (n = 2. A total of 28 catheterizations were performed, and the procedure was stopped in one patient because of internal carotid artery spasm. Each eye received a mean of 2.6 cycles of IAC (range 2-4 cycles. After IAC with a mean follow-up of 28.3 months (range 9-65 months, tumor regression was observed in 12 of 13 eyes. One eye was enucleated due to tumor progression. All patients are alive and no patient has developed metastatic disease or other malignancies.Our experience suggests IAC as primary therapy is a feasible and promising treatment for retinoblastoma in infants less than 3 months of age.

Purinergic Receptors in Ocular Inflammation

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Ana Guzman-Aranguez

2014-01-01

Full Text Available Inflammation is a complex process that implies the interaction between cells and molecular mediators, which, when not properly “tuned,” can lead to disease. When inflammation affects the eye, it can produce severe disorders affecting the superficial and internal parts of the visual organ. The nucleoside adenosine and nucleotides including adenine mononucleotides like ADP and ATP and dinucleotides such as P1,P4-diadenosine tetraphosphate (Ap4A, and P1,P5-diadenosine pentaphosphate (Ap5A are present in different ocular locations and therefore they may contribute/modulate inflammatory processes. Adenosine receptors, in particular A2A adenosine receptors, present anti-inflammatory action in acute and chronic retinal inflammation. Regarding the A3 receptor, selective agonists like N6-(3-iodobenzyl-5′-N-methylcarboxamidoadenosine (CF101 have been used for the treatment of inflammatory ophthalmic diseases such as dry eye and uveoretinitis. Sideways, diverse stimuli (sensory stimulation, large intraocular pressure increases can produce a release of ATP from ocular sensory innervation or after injury to ocular tissues. Then, ATP will activate purinergic P2 receptors present in sensory nerve endings, the iris, the ciliary body, or other tissues surrounding the anterior chamber of the eye to produce uveitis/endophthalmitis. In summary, adenosine and nucleotides can activate receptors in ocular structures susceptible to suffer from inflammatory processes. This involvement suggests the possible use of purinergic agonists and antagonists as therapeutic targets for ocular inflammation.

Ocular involvement in paediatric haemolytic uraemic syndrome.

Science.gov (United States)

Sturm, Veit; Menke, Marcel N; Landau, Klara; Laube, Guido F; Neuhaus, Thomas J

2010-11-01

The aim of this study was to estimate the frequency and severity of ocular involvement in paediatric patients with haemolytic uraemic syndrome (HUS). The study was designed as an institutional, retrospective, observational case series. Charts for all 87 paediatric patients with HUS treated at the University Children's Hospital Zurich between 1995 and 2007 were reviewed. Patients with ocular involvement were identified and clinical findings presented. Three of 69 examined patients with HUS showed ocular involvement. Ophthalmic findings in two children were consistent with bilateral Purtscher retinopathy, showing multiple haemorrhages, exudations and superficial retinal whitening. The third child presented with bilateral isolated central intraretinal haemorrhages as a milder form of ocular involvement. In one of the children with Purtscher retinopathy, laser photocoagulation was required for bilateral rubeosis irides and development of disc neovascularization. Longterm outcomes in the two severely affected children showed decreased visual acuity caused by partial atrophy of the optic nerves. In the milder case visual acuity was not impaired at any time. A minority of paediatric patients with HUS developed ocular involvement. Acute ocular findings varied in severity from isolated intraretinal haemorrhages to Purtscher-like retinopathy with retinal ischaemia. Longterm complications included the development of neovascularizations and consecutive optic nerve atrophy. Although ocular involvement in HUS seems to be rare, physicians should be aware of this complication because of its possible vision-endangering consequences. © 2009 The Authors. Journal compilation © 2009 Acta Ophthalmol.

Avaliação do uso do anel endocapsular modificado em casos de subluxação traumática do cristalino Evaluation of the modified capsular tension ring in cases of traumatic lens subluxation

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Daniela Meira Villano Marques

2007-10-01

Full Text Available OBJETIVO: Avaliar o comportamento do anel modificado de tensão capsular em cataratas traumáticas com subluxação, analisando a acuidade visual, centração do saco capsular, pseudofacodonese, seguimento pós-operatório, e complicações intra e pós-operatórias. LOCAL: Cincinnati Eye Institute, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA. MÉTODOS: Vinte e dois olhos de 22 pacientes com perda traumática de suporte zonular foram submetidos à facoemulsificação utilizando lente intra-ocular de câmara posterior e o implante do anel capsular modificado. O exame pré-operatório incluiu melhor acuidade visual corrigida (MAVC, a presença ou ausência de facodonese, descentração do cristalino e prolapso vítreo. A avaliação pós-operatória incluiu MAVC, presença de pseudofacodonese, centração do implante, necessidade de vitrectomia e outras complicações. RESULTADOS: Vinte e um olhos (95,45% tiveram melhora da MAVC. O exame pré-operatório revelou facodonese em 11 olhos (50% e nenhum olho apresentou pseudofacodonese. No exame pré-operatório, a descentração sintomática estava presente em 10 olhos (45,45%. Todos os olhos apresentaram centração do complexo saco capsular/LIO no pós-operatório. Prolapso vítreo foi diagnosticado antes da cirurgia em 9 olhos (40,90% e a vitrectomia foi necessária em 11 olhos (50%. CONCLUSÃO: O uso do anel modificado de tensão capsular resultou em boa centração do complexo saco capsular/lente intra-ocular nos olhos estudados com catarata traumática e perda de suporte zonular.PURPOSE: To evaluate the behavior of the modified capsular tension ring (MCTR in traumatic subluxated cataracts analyzing the visual acuity, centration of the capsular bag, pseudophacodonesis, postoperative follow-up and intra- and postoperative complications. SETTING: Cincinnati Eye Institute, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA. METHODS: Twenty-two eyes of 22 patients with traumatic loss of zonular support had phacoemulsification using PCIOL and MCTR

Evaluation of refractive correction for standard automated perimetry in eyes wearing multifocal contact lenses.

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Hirasawa, Kazunori; Ito, Hikaru; Ohori, Yukari; Takano, Yui; Shoji, Nobuyuki

2017-01-01

To evaluate the refractive correction for standard automated perimetry (SAP) in eyes with refractive multifocal contact lenses (CL) in healthy young participants. Twenty-nine eyes of 29 participants were included. Accommodation was paralyzed in all participants with 1% cyclopentolate hydrochloride. SAP was performed using the Humphrey SITA-standard 24-2 and 10-2 protocol under three refractive conditions: monofocal CL corrected for near distance (baseline); multifocal CL corrected for distance (mCL-D); and mCL-D corrected for near vision using a spectacle lens (mCL-N). Primary outcome measures were the foveal threshold, mean deviation (MD), and pattern standard deviation (PSD). The foveal threshold of mCL-N with both the 24-2 and 10-2 protocols significantly decreased by 2.2-2.5 dB ( P correction without additional near correction is to be recommended.

Dry Eye Management: Targeting the Ocular Surface Microenvironment

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Zhang, Xiaobo; Jeyalatha M, Vimalin; Qu, Yangluowa; He, Xin; Ou, Shangkun; Bu, Jinghua; Jia, Changkai; Wang, Junqi; Wu, Han; Liu, Zuguo

2017-01-01

Dry eye can damage the ocular surface and result in mild corneal epithelial defect to blinding corneal pannus formation and squamous metaplasia. Significant progress in the treatment of dry eye has been made in the last two decades; progressing from lubricating and hydrating the ocular surface with artificial tear to stimulating tear secretion; anti-inflammation and immune regulation. With the increase in knowledge regarding the pathophysiology of dry eye, we propose in this review the concept of ocular surface microenvironment. Various components of the microenvironment contribute to the homeostasis of ocular surface. Compromise in one or more components can result in homeostasis disruption of ocular surface leading to dry eye disease. Complete evaluation of the microenvironment component changes in dry eye patients will not only lead to appropriate diagnosis, but also guide in timely and effective clinical management. Successful treatment of dry eye should be aimed to restore the homeostasis of the ocular surface microenvironment. PMID:28661456

Dry Eye Management: Targeting the Ocular Surface Microenvironment.

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Zhang, Xiaobo; M, Vimalin Jeyalatha; Qu, Yangluowa; He, Xin; Ou, Shangkun; Bu, Jinghua; Jia, Changkai; Wang, Junqi; Wu, Han; Liu, Zuguo; Li, Wei

2017-06-29

Dry eye can damage the ocular surface and result in mild corneal epithelial defect to blinding corneal pannus formation and squamous metaplasia. Significant progress in the treatment of dry eye has been made in the last two decades; progressing from lubricating and hydrating the ocular surface with artificial tear to stimulating tear secretion; anti-inflammation and immune regulation. With the increase in knowledge regarding the pathophysiology of dry eye, we propose in this review the concept of ocular surface microenvironment. Various components of the microenvironment contribute to the homeostasis of ocular surface. Compromise in one or more components can result in homeostasis disruption of ocular surface leading to dry eye disease. Complete evaluation of the microenvironment component changes in dry eye patients will not only lead to appropriate diagnosis, but also guide in timely and effective clinical management. Successful treatment of dry eye should be aimed to restore the homeostasis of the ocular surface microenvironment.

Factors associated with childhood ocular morbidity and blindness in three ecological regions of Nepal: Nepal pediatric ocular disease study.

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Adhikari, Srijana; Shrestha, Mohan Krishna; Adhikari, Kamala; Maharjan, Nhukesh; Shrestha, Ujjowala Devi

2014-10-23

Nepal Pediatric Ocular Diseases Study is a three year longitudinal population based study. Here we present the baseline survey report which aims to investigate various risk factors associated with childhood ocular morbidity and blindness in three ecological regions of Nepal. This baseline survey is a population based cross sectional study. The investigation was conducted in a district from each of the following regions: Terai, Hill and Mountain. The Village Development Committees (VDCs) from each district were selected by random sampling. Three Community health workers were given training on vision screening and identification of abnormal ocular signs in children. They conducted a house to house survey in their respected districts examining the children and gathering a standardized set of data variables. Children with abnormal vision or ocular signs were then further examined by pediatric ophthalmologists. A total of 10950 children aged 0-10 years (5403 from Terai, 3204 from the hills, 2343 from the mountains) were enrolled in the study. However 681 (6.2%) were non responders. The male to female ratio was 1.03. The overall prevalence of ocular morbidity was 3.7% (95% CI of 3.4%-4%) and blindness was 0.07% (95% CI of 0.02%-0.12%). Ocular morbidity was more prevalent in the mountain region whereas blindness was more prevalent in the Terai region.Children from the Terai region were more likely to suffer from congenital ocular anomalies compared to the other regions. Children whose mother smoked, drank alcohol, or was illiterate were significantly afflicted with ocular diseases (p Blindness was more prevalent in children who suffered from a systemic illness. Females and under-nourished children were more likely to have ocular morbidity and blindness. It was found that childhood blindness was more prevalent in the Terai region, the undernourished, females and in those with co-morbid systemic illnesses. This study strongly suggests that prevention of childhood

Resultados de implante de lente intraocular en niños Results of intraocular lens implantation in children

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Nashelly I. Mejía Cruz

2007-12-01

Full Text Available En este estudio se describen los resultados obtenidos del implante de lente intraocular en niños, quienes acudieron al servicio de Oftalmología Pediátrica de Instituto Cubano de oftalmología “Ramón Pando Ferrer” con el diagnóstico de catarata de diversas etiologías, en período comprendido entre abril del 2002 al 2005 cuyo seguimiento fue durante un año. En nuestro universo de estudio se determinan algunos parámetros como la edad del paciente, etiología de las cataratas, agudeza visual, defecto refractivo preoperatorio y posoperatorio. Se identificó el poder dióptrico del lente intraocular más frecuente, la presencia de complicaciones durante la cirugía y después de esta. Se evaluaron finalmente, los pacientes que requerían de tratamiento adicional como la capsulotomía con láser o membranectomía quirúrgica. El implante del lente intraocular a temprana edad se relacionó con buenos resultados quirúrgicos: mejoría de la agudeza visual corregida, presentándose el astigmatismo como el error refractivo más frecuente. La complicación transoperatorio y postoperatoria más frecuente fue la membrana inflamatoria, mientras que la complicación posoperatoria más frecuente fue la opacidad de la cápsula posterior.This paper described the results of the intraocular lens implantation performed in children, who had been seen at the Pediatric Ophthalmologic Service of " Ramon Pando Ferrer " Cuban Institute of Ophthalmology and had been diagnosed as having cataract of various etiologies, from April 2002 to April 2005. They were all followed-up for a year. Some parameters like the patient’s age, the etiology of cataract, visual acuity, pre-operative and post-operative refractive defect were considered in our study. The dioptric power of the most common intraocular lens and the most frequent complications during and after surgery were identified. The patients requiring additional treatment such as laser capsulotomy and surgical

Ocular myasthenia gravis: Side effect of urografin

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Nitin Modi

2016-01-01

Full Text Available Ocular myasthenia gravis is an autoimmune disorder of the neuromuscular junction. Diplopia and ptosis are common symptoms at the onset of ocular myasthenia gravis. It may occur due to the antibodies developed against various drugs. We are reporting a case of ocular myasthenia gravis which was developed in a patient post angiography which may be due to antibody developed against the dye used in angiography.

[Follow-up on MEWDS by fundus perimetry and multifocal ERG with the SLO].

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Bültmann, S; Martin, M; Rohrschneider, K

2002-09-01

Most conventional techniques for examination such as perimetry or ERG may not be sensitive enough to detect functional alterations due to MEWDS precisely. We report on a follow-up performed by fundus perimetry and the new technique of multifocal ERG using the scanning laser ophthalmoscope. A 24-year-old female patient (VA 0.2/0.8) was followed up for 7 weeks with these techniques as well as Octopus perimetry, fluorescence angiography, Ganzfeld ERG and biomicroscopy. Multifocal ERG stimulation (mfERG, Retiscan) was performed with the SLO. Visual acuity improved from 0.2 to 0.8 and the central relative scotoma disappeared while a relevant increase of P1-wave amplitudes in mfERG could be observed. Combining objective measurements from the fundus controlled SLO-mfERG and results from fundus perimetry enable good correlation of morphology and results, even for minor alterations of the macula only accessible by few established clinical examinations.

Multifocal ERG wavelet packet decomposition applied to glaucoma diagnosis

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Rodríguez-Ascariz José M

2011-05-01

Full Text Available Abstract Background Glaucoma is the second-leading cause of blindness worldwide and early diagnosis is essential to its treatment. Current clinical methods based on multifocal electroretinography (mfERG essentially involve measurement of amplitudes and latencies and assume standard signal morphology. This paper presents a new method based on wavelet packet analysis of global-flash multifocal electroretinogram signals. Methods This study comprised twenty-five patients diagnosed with OAG and twenty-five control subjects. Their mfERG recordings data were used to develop the algorithm method based on wavelet packet analysis. By reconstructing the third wavelet packet contained in the fourth decomposition level (ADAA4 of the mfERG recording, it is possible to obtain a signal from which to extract a marker in the 60-80 ms time interval. Results The marker found comprises oscillatory potentials with a negative-slope basal line in the case of glaucomatous recordings and a positive-slope basal line in the case of normal signals. Application of the optimal threshold calculated in the validation cases showed that the technique proposed achieved a sensitivity of 0.81 and validation specificity of 0.73. Conclusions This new method based on mfERG analysis may be reliable enough to detect functional deficits that are not apparent using current automated perimetry tests. As new stimulation and analysis protocols develop, mfERG has the potential to become a useful tool in early detection of glaucoma-related functional deficits.

The Ocular Surface Chemical Burns

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Medi Eslani

2014-01-01

Full Text Available Ocular chemical burns are common and serious ocular emergencies that require immediate and intensive evaluation and care. The victims of such incidents are usually young, and therefore loss of vision and disfigurement could dramatically affect their lives. The clinical course can be divided into immediate, acute, early, and late reparative phases. The degree of limbal, corneal, and conjunctival involvement at the time of injury is critically associated with prognosis. The treatment starts with simple but vision saving steps and is continued with complicated surgical procedures later in the course of the disease. The goal of treatment is to restore the normal ocular surface anatomy and function. Limbal stem cell transplantation, amniotic membrane transplantation, and ultimately keratoprosthesis may be indicated depending on the patients’ needs.

Complicación poco frecuente del uso de lentes de contacto duros: Presentación de 1 caso Rare complications of the use of hard contact lens: A case report

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Elizabeth Escalona Leyva

2003-12-01

Full Text Available Se presentó una rara complicación con el uso de lentes de contacto duros en una paciente femenina de 45 años de edad, con antecedentes de 15 años de uso que acudió a la consulta por pérdida de sus lentes de contacto de 15 días de evolución. Se detectó aumento de volumen, doloroso en el párpado superior izquierdo donde se encontró en su eversión el lente "sembrado" en el tarso con granuloma que lo envuelve. Se presentan los hallazgos clínicos y la evolución.A rare complication of the use of hard contact lenses. A case report A rare complication with the use of hard contact lenses was observed in a 45-year-old female patient who had worn them during 15 years and visited the physician's office 15 days after losing her contact lenses. It was observed increase of volume, painful in the left upper eyelid, where it was found in its eversion the lens "planted" in the tarsus with a granuloma covering it. The clinical findings and evolution are presented.

Clinics of ocular tuberculosis.

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Gupta, Vishali; Shoughy, Samir S; Mahajan, Sarakshi; Khairallah, Moncef; Rosenbaum, James T; Curi, Andre; Tabbara, Khalid F

2015-02-01

Ocular tuberculosis is an extrapulmonary tuberculous condition and has variable manifestations. The purpose of this review is to describe the clinical manifestations of ocular tuberculosis affecting the anterior and posterior segments of the eye in both immunocompetent and immunocompromised patients. Review of literature using Pubmed database. Mycobacterium tuberculosis may lead to formation of conjunctival granuloma, nodular scleritis, and interstitial keratitis. Lacrimal gland and orbital caseating granulomas are rare but may occur. The intraocular structures are also a target of insult by M. tuberculosis and may cause anterior granulomatous uveitis, anterior and posterior synechiae, secondary glaucoma, and cataract. The bacillus may involve the ciliary body, resulting in the formation of a localized caseating granuloma. Posterior segment manifestations include vitritis, retinal vasculitis, optic neuritis, serpiginous-like choroiditis, choroidal tubercules, subretinal neovascularization, and, rarely, endophthalmitis. The recognition of clinical signs of ocular tuberculosis is of utmost importance as it can provide clinical pathway toward tailored investigations and decision making for initiating anti-tuberculosis therapy.

Spectacle Independence after Cataract Extraction in Post-Radial Keratotomy Patients Using Hybrid Monovision with ReSTOR® Multifocal and TECNIS® Monofocal Intraocular Lenses

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Isha Gupta

2014-05-01

Full Text Available Background: We report 2 patients who have undergone radial keratotomy (RK preceding ReSTOR® multifocal intraocular lens (IOL; Alcon, Fort Worth, Tex., USA implantation in their nondominant eyes and TECNIS® monofocal IOL (Abbott Medical Optics, Abbott Park, Ill., USA in their dominant eyes. Methods: Retrospective review of 2 patients who underwent hybrid monovision with ReSTOR® multifocal and TECHNIS® monofocal IOLs at the time of cataract surgery after a remote history of RK. Results: Implantation of the ReSTOR® multifocal and the TECHNIS® monofocal IOLs was successful, with no reported adverse events. The patients were able to achieve spectacle freedom. Conclusion: We report a novel technique for the management of post-RK patients to optimize their chances for spectacle independence.

Osteoblastomatosis of bone. A benign, multifocal osteoblastic lesion, distinct from osteoid osteoma and osteoblastoma, radiologically simulating a vascular tumor

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Kyriakos, Michael; El-Khoury, Georges Y.; McDonald, Douglas J.; Buckwalter, Joseph A.; Sundaram, Murali; DeYoung, Barry; O'Brien, Michael P.

2007-01-01

Two adult patients are described with multifocal osteolytic lesions radiologically simulating a vascular tumor. One patient had multiple bones involved. Histologically, the individual lesions had the features of the nidus of osteoid osteoma/osteoblastoma. A review of the English language medical literature yielded only one other reported case with similar features. The process is designated as osteoblastomatosis to indicate its bone-forming character, prominent osteoblast proliferation, and multiplicity. The cases are distinguished from multifocal/multicentric osteoid osteoma and osteoblastoma, and from benign and malignant vascular tumors. (orig.)

Ocular hemodynamics and glaucoma: the role of mathematical modeling.

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Harris, Alon; Guidoboni, Giovanna; Arciero, Julia C; Amireskandari, Annahita; Tobe, Leslie A; Siesky, Brent A

2013-01-01

To discuss the role of mathematical modeling in studying ocular hemodynamics, with a focus on glaucoma. We reviewed recent literature on glaucoma, ocular blood flow, autoregulation, the optic nerve head, and the use of mathematical modeling in ocular circulation. Many studies suggest that alterations in ocular hemodynamics play a significant role in the development, progression, and incidence of glaucoma. Although there is currently a limited number of studies involving mathematical modeling of ocular blood flow, regulation, and diseases (such as glaucoma), preliminary modeling work shows the potential of mathematical models to elucidate the mechanisms that contribute most significantly to glaucoma progression. Mathematical modeling is a useful tool when used synergistically with clinical and laboratory data in the study of ocular blood flow and glaucoma. The development of models to investigate the relationship between ocular hemodynamic alterations and glaucoma progression will provide a unique and useful method for studying the pathophysiology of glaucoma.

[Predictive ocular motor control in Parkinson's disease].

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Ying, Li; Liu, Zhen-Guo; Chen, Wei; Gan, Jing; Wang, Wen-An

2008-02-19

To investigate the changes of predictive ocular motor function in the patients with Parkinson's disease (PD), and to discuss its clinical value. Videonystagmography (VNG) was used to examine 24 patients with idiopathic Parkinson's disease, 15 males and 9 females, aged 61 +/- 6 (50-69), and 24 sex and age-matched healthy control subjects on random ocular saccade (with the target moving at random intervals to random positions) and predictive ocular saccade (with the 1.25-second light target moving 10 degrees right or left from the center). In the random ocular saccade program, the latency of saccade of the PD patients was 284 ms +/- 58 ms, significantly longer than that of the healthy controls (236 ms +/- 37 ms, P = 0.003). In the predictive ocular saccade pattern, the latency of saccades the PD patients was 150 ms +/- 138 ms, significantly longer than that of the healthy controls (59 ms +/- 102 ms, P = 0.002). The appearance rate of predictive saccades (with the latency of saccade <80 ms) in the PD group was 21%, significantly lower than that in the control group (31%, P = 0.003). There is dysfunction of predictive ocular motor control in the PD patients, and the cognitive function may be impaired at the early stage of PD.

Construcción de un microscopio simple con la lente de un teléfono celular

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Ernesto Cyrulies

2014-01-01

Full Text Available En este artículo se propone la construcción de un microscopio simple recreando el principio de funcionamiento del microscopio de Leeuwenhoek, empleando en este caso una lente de cámara fotográfica de teléfono celular. El dispositivo permite observar y fotografiar estructuras celulares, cuyas imágenes ampliadas posibilitan ver ciertos detalles minúsculos. Se describe una manera sencilla de construirlo con materiales comunes. También se relata la implementación de la propuesta con alumnos de un instituto de formación docente y cuáles fueron sus resultados.

Computed Tomography: Ocular Manifestations In Acute Head Injury

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Methods: We reviewed 98 brain computed tomographic results retrospectively. ... was also performed to compare the difference of the ocular findings and sexes. ... Ocular findings were more in males and the severity of the ocular findings was .... Male. Female. Indications. Acute mild closed head injury. 12(15.0). 1(5.6).

Anomalias oculares em pacientes portadores de deficiência auditiva genética Ocular abnormalities in genetically deaf people

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Jane Chen

2000-12-01

Full Text Available Introdução: Para se verificar a prevalência de anomalias oculares em indivíduos portadores de deficiência auditiva de causa genética definitiva ou suspeita, este trabalho apresenta a avaliação oftalmológica de 97 indivíduos portadores de deficiência auditiva. Pacientes e Métodos: 97 indivíduos com diagnóstico definitivo ou suspeito de causa genética para disacusia foram submetidos a exame clínico oftalmológico completo; destes, 10 foram excluídos. Resultados: 42 (48,28% dos pacientes apresentaram uma ou mais anomalias oculares, 22 (25,29% pacientes apresentaram várias anormalidades oculares e quadro clínico compatíveis com síndromes genéticas estabelecidas. Conclusões: O exame oftalmológico é importante no diagnóstico sindrômico e etiológico de alguns quadros de disacusia, pois as alterações oculares podem ser a única anomalia associada à mesma.Purpose: In order to verify the prevalence of ocular abnormalities in patients who are deaf due to genetic causes, this paper presents the visual assessment of 97 deaf patients. Methods: 97 patients with definite or suspected diagno- sis of congenital and genetic deafness underwent a complete ophthalmologic evaluation; 10 patients were excluded. Results: 42 (48.28% patients presented one or more ocular abnormalities, 22 (25.29% patients presented several abnormalities and clinical manifestations of established genetic diseases. Conclusions: The ocular abnormalities may be the only clinical manifestations associated with deafness. Therefore the ophthalmological examination is a helpful tool for the etiological diagnosis of deafness.

Albinism: particular attention to the ocular motor system.

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Hertle, Richard W

2013-01-01

The purpose of this report is to summarize an understanding of the ocular motor system in patients with albinism. Other than the association of vertical eccentric gaze null positions and asymmetric, (a) periodic alternating nystagmus in a large percentage of patients, the ocular motor system in human albinism does not contain unique pathology, rather has "typical" types of infantile ocular oscillations and binocular disorders. Both the ocular motor and afferent visual system are affected to varying degrees in patients with albinism, thus, combined treatment of both systems will maximize visual function.

An adult multifocal medulloblastoma with diffuse acute postoperative cerebellar swelling: immunohistochemical and molecular genetics analysis.

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Balik, Vladimir; Trojanec, Radek; Holzerova, Milena; Tuckova, Lucie; Sulla, Igor; Megova, Magdalena; Vaverka, Miroslav; Hrabalek, Lumir; Ehrmann, Jiri

2015-01-01

Medulloblastoma (MB), the most common malignant tumor typically affecting children, occurs only exceptionally in adults. Multifocal presentation of this malignancy in adulthood is even much rarer—only four cases with favorable postoperative course have been reported, so far. The study illustrates a very rare rapid postoperative clinical deterioration due to diffuse cerebellar swelling (DCS) in an adult multifocal MB (MMB). To the best of their knowledge, authors for the first time performed genetic analysis of MMB and demonstrated expression patterns of selected markers that put the patient within the sonic hedgehog (SHH) molecular subgroup and at least partially explain her unsatisfactory clinical course. Herein, authors summarized the relevant literature concerning this issue with the aim to determine features that would facilitate diagnosis and therapy of such a scarce clinical entity.

Profile of ocular injury in pediatric age group

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Kanishk Singh

2017-03-01

Full Text Available AIM: To study the clinical profile of ocular injuries in children in a tertiary care center in Northern India.METHODS: This was a hospital based descriptive study. All children of ocular injuries up to 16y of age were included. Data regarding the socio-economic status, medical/surgical treatment, and condition at discharge were recorded. Follow-up to 3mo was done in the study. Initial and final visual acuity was recorded. Ocular Trauma Classification Group guidelines and Birmingham Eye Trauma Terminology were used for the definitions and classifications of ocular trauma. Socio-economic status grading is done according to modified B.G. Prasad classification and Kuppuswamy's socio-economic scale.RESULTS: Out of 42 children, male to female ratio was 3.6:1.Maximum number(50%of injuries occurred between 11-16y of age. Most of the children(59.52%belonged to lower socio-economic class and were from arural background. Ocular injuries occurred at home in 20(47.61%children followed by 6(14.28%each in school, playground, and street. Open globe injuries were seen in 19(45.24%children and 23(54.75%children had closed globe injuries. Injuries by wooden stick, stone, firework, fall, toy were 12(28.57%, 5(11.90%, 3(7.14%, 3(7.14%, and 2(4.76%. Seventeen(40.47%children required medical management and 25(59.53%were treated surgically.CONCLUSION:Male children in rural regions and of lower socio-economic background were more prone to ocular injuries. Children were more risk of ocular injuries at home. Wooden sticks and stone were the commonest cause of ocular injuries. Ocular morbidity and poor visual outcome were seen more in open globe injuries. Further population-based studies are required to reinforce findings of present study. Based on this, a long term strategy can be planned to prevent ocular injuries in children in this region.

Neurological and ocular fascioliasis in humans.

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Mas-Coma, Santiago; Agramunt, Verónica H; Valero, María Adela

2014-01-01

techniques and neuroimaging useful for the diagnosis of neurological cases are exposed. Within fascioliasis infection indirectly causing ocular manifestations, case distribution and frequency are similarly analysed. A short analysis is devoted to clarify the first reports of a human eye infection. The affection of related and close organs is discussed by differentiating between cases of the dorsal spine, pulmonary manifestations, heart and vessel affection, findings in blood vessels, skin and dermatologic reactions, cases of ectopic mature flukes, and upper body locations. The clinical complexity of the puzzling polymorphisms, the disconcerting multifocality of the manifestations, and their changes along the evolution of the disease in the same patient, as well as the differences between the clinical pictures shown by different patients, are highlighted. The many syndromes involved are enumerated. The pathogenic and physiological mechanisms underlying neurofascioliasis and ophthalmofascioliasis caused by ectopic flukes and the physiopathogenic processes indirectly affecting the central nervous system and causing genuine neurological, meningeal, psychiatric, and ocular manifestations are discussed. The diagnosis of neurological and ophthalmologic fascioliasis is analysed in depth, including clinical and paraclinical diagnosis, eosinophilia in the blood and cerebrospinal fluid, differential diagnosis from other parasitic infections such as helminthiases and myiases, an update of human fascioliasis diagnosis, and fluke and/or fluke egg recovery by surgery. Diagnostic analyses with faecal and blood samples for fascioliasis patients are updated. Therapy for patients with major neurological manifestations includes both antiparasitic treatments and anti-inflammatory therapeutics. Prognosis in fascioliasis patients with neurological manifestations is discussed, with emphasis on sequelae and fatal cases, and the care of patients with ophthalmologic manifestations is added

Objective perimetry using a four-channel multifocal VEP system: correlation with conventional perimetry and thickness of the retinal nerve fibre layer.

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Horn, Folkert K; Kaltwasser, Christoph; Jünemann, Anselm G; Kremers, Jan; Tornow, Ralf P

2012-04-01

There is evidence that multifocal visual evoked potentials (VEPs) can be used as an objective tool to detect visual field loss. The aim of this study was to correlate multifocal VEP amplitudes with standard perimetry data and retinal nerve fibre layer (RNFL) thickness. Multifocal VEP recordings were performed with a four-channel electrode array using 58 stimulus fields (pattern reversal dartboard). For each field, the recording from the channel with maximal signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) was retained, resulting in an SNR optimised virtual recording. Correlation with RNFL thickness, measured with spectral domain optical coherence tomography and with standard perimetry, was performed for nerve fibre bundle related areas. The mean amplitudes in nerve fibre related areas were smaller in glaucoma patients than in normal subjects. The differences between both groups were most significant in mid-peripheral areas. Amplitudes in these areas were significantly correlated with corresponding RNFL thickness (Spearman R=0.76) and with standard perimetry (R=0.71). The multifocal VEP amplitude was correlated with perimetric visual field data and the RNFL thickness of the corresponding regions. This method of SNR optimisation is useful for extracting data from recordings and may be appropriate for objective assessment of visual function at different locations. This study has been registered at http://www.clinicaltrials.gov (NCT00494923).

Ocular abnormalities in atopic dermatitis in Indian patients

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Kaujalgi Radhika

2009-01-01

Full Text Available Background and Aims: Atopic dermatitis (AD is a common skin disease. Long-standing, severe AD with repeated scratching and rubbing of the face, which requires continuous dermatologic care, predisposes the patient to various ocular complications. The knowledge of the frequency and significance of these ocular complications may allow their early diagnosis and treatment. The present study assesses the ocular complications in Indian children suffering from AD. Methods: In order to study the ocular complications in AD, 100 patients (61 male and 39 female between the ages of 1 and 14 years were recruited. All the patients had complete dilated fundus examination with indirect ophthalmoscopy. The lid, conjunctiva and cornea were examined. Also, any evidence of cataract formation and retinal disorders were recorded. Results: The mean age of the children was 5.4 years. Forty-three (43.0% AD patients showed ocular abnormalities in the form of lid and conjunctival changes. Of these, 18 (41.9% patients showed only lid involvement, 16 (37.2% only conjunctival involvement and both conjunctival and lid changes were seen in nine (20.9% patients. Conjunctival changes were mostly in the form of a cobblestone appearance of the papillae, with mild to moderate papillary reaction and papillary hypertrophy. Variables observed to have a significant impact on the development of ocular abnormalities were age more than 5 years, duration of illness> 12 months, positive family history of atopy, presence of palmar hyperlinearity and a combination of both xerosis and Dennie-Morgan fold. Conclusions: The present study is the first of its kind from India to document an association between AD in children and various ocular manifestations. The ocular manifestations observed in our cohort were not associated with significant ocular morbidity or visual impairment possibly because of a less-severe disease in Indians.

Sclerodermatomyositis, ocular manifestations.

Science.gov (United States)

Pedroza-Seres, M; Serna-Ojeda, J C; Flores-Suárez, L F

2017-07-01

Sclerodermatomyositis is an overlap syndrome of myositis and scleroderma, with dermatological, muscular and joint involvement, but may also present with ocular manifestations. A 57 year-old woman presented with ophthalmological manifestations, including scleral thinning 360°, and the presence of cells in the anterior and posterior chamber. Oriented physical examination and laboratory studies led to the diagnosis, with the need for systemic treatment. Sclerodermatomyositis is a rare disease. Its diagnosis needs thorough clinical and laboratory studies, and its management should be multidisciplinary when inflammatory ocular manifestations may be present. Copyright © 2016 Sociedad Española de Oftalmología. Publicado por Elsevier España, S.L.U. All rights reserved.

The effects of cigarette smoking on intraocular pressure and arterial ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

This study was designed to determine the effects of cigarette Smoking on intra ocular pressure and arterial blood pressure of normotensive young male adults. Fifty male students (who met the screening conditions and devoid of obvious ocular pathology and systemic diseases and nonsmokers) had their intra ocular ...

The multifaceted presentation of chronic recurrent multifocal osteomyelitis

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Girschick, Hermann; Finetti, Martina; Orlando, Francesca

2018-01-01

Objectives: Chronic non-bacterial osteomyelitis (CNO) or chronic recurrent multifocal osteomyelitis (CRMO) is an autoinflammatory disorder characterized by sterile bone osteolytic lesions. The aim of this study was to evaluate the demographic data and clinical, instrumental and therapeutic features...... with glucocorticoids, 61 with bisphosphonates, 58 with MTX, 47 with SSZ, 26 with anti-TNF and 4 with anakinra, with a variable response. Conclusion: This is the largest reported case series of CNO patients, showing that the range of associated clinical manifestations is rather heterogeneous. The study confirms...... that the disease usually presents with an early teenage onset, but it may also occur in adults, even in the absence of mucocutaneous manifestations....

Unusual ocular manifestations of silent sinus syndrome

OpenAIRE

Fonseca, Fabricio Lopes da; Mazoti, Luciana; Polati, Mariza

2014-01-01

Silent sinus syndrome is an acquired condition in which there is a gradual collapse of the orbital floor and inward retraction of the maxillary sinus (atelectasis of the maxillary sinus). This in turn may cause associated ocular occurrences of enophthalmos and hypotropia. This is a report of an 8 year-old boy with silent sinus syndrome and associated ocular motility disorders. The association between silent sinus syndrome and ocular motility disturbance has been recently described in the lite...

Peripheral refraction with dominant design multifocal contact lenses in young myopes

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Daniela Lopes-Ferreira

2013-04-01

Conclusion: It is possible to induce significant changes in the pattern of relative peripheral refraction in the myopic direction with commercially available dominant design multifocal contact lenses. The higher add (+3.00 D induced an significantly higher effect than the +2.00 D add lens, although an increase of 1 D in add power does not correspond to the same amount of increase in RPRE.

Ocular manifestations of graft-versus-host disease: 10 years’ experience

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Lin X

2015-07-01

Full Text Available Xihui Lin, Harrison Dwight Cavanagh Department of Ophthalmology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA Purpose: To evaluate the ocular presentation, treatment, and clinical course of graft-versus-host disease (GVHD. Design: Retrospective case series. Participants: Two hundred and forty-nine patients with systemic GVHD were included in the study. Methods: Ocular and systemic data were collected from 2003 to 2013. Main outcome measures: Mortality, visual acuity, and response of ocular symptoms. Results: Sixty-four patients had ocular manifestations (25.7%. At presentation, the mean age was 44.5 years and mean latency was 16.4 months. The most common presentations were keratoconjunctivitis sicca, cataract, blepharitis, ocular hypertension, and filamentary keratitis. Visual acuity at presentation was 20/49; at the worst point in the disease was 20/115; and at most recent visit was 20/63. When topical anti-inflammatory drops were used in addition to tears, 54.3% of patients’ ocular symptoms stabilized. When autologous serum was used in addition, 80% stabilized. The overall 10-year mortality of GVHD was 29.7%. For those with ocular involvement, it was 21.9%. Conclusion: Systemic GVHD has a high mortality rate, but ocular involvement does not suggest a worse prognosis. The main ocular presentations were keratoconjunctivitis sicca, cataracts, and ocular hypertension. Dry eyes in this population were very severe with overall worsening in visual acuity. However, with a step-wise approach involving topical anti-inflammatory medications and autologous serum tears, ocular symptoms do improve. It is important to monitor these patients closely, as they are prone to serious ocular complications such as corneal perforation and endophthalmitis. Keywords: dry eye, keratitis, corneal ulceration

Multifocal demyelinating motor neuropathy and hamartoma syndrome associated with a de novo PTEN mutation.

Science.gov (United States)

Bansagi, Boglarka; Phan, Vietxuan; Baker, Mark R; O'Sullivan, Julia; Jennings, Matthew J; Whittaker, Roger G; Müller, Juliane S; Duff, Jennifer; Griffin, Helen; Miller, James A L; Gorman, Grainne S; Lochmüller, Hanns; Chinnery, Patrick F; Roos, Andreas; Swan, Laura E; Horvath, Rita

2018-05-22

To describe a patient with a multifocal demyelinating motor neuropathy with onset in childhood and a mutation in phosphatase and tensin homolog ( PTEN ), a tumor suppressor gene associated with inherited tumor susceptibility conditions, macrocephaly, autism, ataxia, tremor, and epilepsy. Functional implications of this protein have been investigated in Parkinson and Alzheimer diseases. We performed whole-exome sequencing in the patient's genomic DNA validated by Sanger sequencing. Immunoblotting, in vitro enzymatic assay, and label-free shotgun proteomic profiling were performed in the patient's fibroblasts. The predominant clinical presentation of the patient was a childhood onset, asymmetric progressive multifocal motor neuropathy. In addition, he presented with macrocephaly, autism spectrum disorder, and skin hamartomas, considered as clinical criteria for PTEN-related hamartoma tumor syndrome. Extensive tumor screening did not detect any malignancies. We detected a novel de novo heterozygous c.269T>C, p.(Phe90Ser) PTEN variant, which was absent in both parents. The pathogenicity of the variant is supported by altered expression of several PTEN-associated proteins involved in tumorigenesis. Moreover, fibroblasts showed a defect in catalytic activity of PTEN against the secondary substrate, phosphatidylinositol 3,4-trisphosphate. In support of our findings, focal hypermyelination leading to peripheral neuropathy has been reported in PTEN-deficient mice. We describe a novel phenotype, PTEN-associated multifocal demyelinating motor neuropathy with a skin hamartoma syndrome. A similar mechanism may potentially underlie other forms of Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease with involvement of the phosphatidylinositol pathway. Copyright © 2018 The Author(s). Published by Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. on behalf of the American Academy of Neurology.

Accelerated physical deterioration of in vitro ocular prostheses

OpenAIRE

Sánchez González, Linda N; Barceló Santana, Federico H; Jiménez Castillo, René; Benavides Ríos, Alejandro

2012-01-01

La prótesis ocular es una modalidad de prótesis facial que va a reparar aloplásticamente las pérdidas parciales o totales y deformaciones diversas del globo ocular. Está claro que la mejor rehabilitación protésica se ha logrado con las prótesis oculares de resina acrílica. El objetivo de este trabajo fue determinar la absorción acuosa y solubilidad así como el grado de deterioro físico acelerado determinado como cambio de color de prótesis oculares caracterizadas y sin caracterizar. Se fabric...

Extrusão do anel intra-estromal corneano e vascularização do túnel Extrusion and vascularization of the intrastromal corneal ring tunnel

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Larissa Casteluber

2007-12-01

Full Text Available O objetivo deste trabalho é relatar e discutir os aspectos de um caso clínico em que foi observada a formação de neovascularização no túnel do anel intra-estromal corneano. Trata-se de paciente com ectasia corneana 4 anos após LASIK, comprovada pela paquimetria e topografia, e submetido ao implante de anel intra-estromal corneano. No terceiro ano de acompanhamento após implante do anel intraestromal, com o paciente em uso de lente de contato gelatinosa, verificou-se extrusão de um segmento e neovascularização no túnel. Removeu-se o segmento afetado, realizou-se fotocoagulação vascular, observando-se regressão completa do quadro neovascular.The purpose of this paper is to describe the clinical aspects of one case with deep corneal vascularization after corneal ring implantation to treat corneal ectasia due to LASIK 4 years before. The corneal ectasia diagnostic was performed by corneal pachimetry and topography. Intrastromal corneal ring segment was implanted. On the third year of follow-up, extrusion of one segment was noted and deep corneal neovascularization was found. The segment was removed, laser photocoagulation was applied and complete vascular regression was observed.

Influence of ocular perfusion pressure fluctuation on glaucoma

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Min-Zi Ren

2015-12-01

Full Text Available AIM:To investigate the influence of ocular perfusion pressure fluctuation on glaucoma. METHODS:Forty patients with primary open angle glaucoma from January 2013 to June 2015 in our hospital were used as observation group and 40 families were used as control group. Circadian fluctuation of intraocular pressure, blood pressure and ocular perfusion pressure in 24h were determined to obtain systolic ocular perfusion pressure(SOPP, diastolic ocular perfusion pressure(DOPPand mean ocular perfusion pressure(MOPP. Pearson linear correlation was used to analyze the correlation of circadian MOPP fluctuation with cup-disc ratio, mean defect(MDand the picture standard deviation(PSD. RESULTS:The fluctuation of MOPP, SOPP and DOPP of observation group were significantly higher than those of control group(Pr=-0.389, 95%CI:-0.612～-0.082; P=0.011, was positively correlated with PSD(r=0.512, 95%CI:0.139 ～0.782; P=0.008; no correlation was found between it and the vertical cup-disc ratio(r=0.115, 95%CI:0.056～0.369; P=0.355. CONCLUSION:Ocular perfusion pressure fluctuations in patients with primary open angle glaucoma may reflect the severity of the disease and may make the situation aggravating. Therefore through perfusion pressure monitor in 24h may help us understand the ocular blood flow and the development of primary open-angle glaucoma.

21 CFR 886.1040 - Ocular esthesiometer.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-04-01

... 21 Food and Drugs 8 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false Ocular esthesiometer. 886.1040 Section 886.1040 Food and Drugs FOOD AND DRUG ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES (CONTINUED.... An ocular esthesiometer is a device, such as a single-hair brush, intended to touch the cornea to...

Long-term radiation sequelae after breast-conserving therapy in women with early-stage breast cancer: an observational study using the LENT-SOMA scoring system

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Fehlauer, Fabian; Tribius, Silke; Hoeller, Ulrike; Rades, Dirk; Kuhlmey, Antje; Bajrovic, Amira; Alberti, Winfried

2003-01-01

Purpose: To evaluate the long-term toxicity after breast-conserving therapy in women with early-stage breast cancer. Methods and Materials: Late toxicity according to the late effects of normal tissue-subjective, objective, management, and analytic (LENT-SOMA) criteria and cosmetic outcome (graded by physicians) were evaluated in 590 of 2943 women with early-stage breast cancer who were irradiated between 1983 and 1995 using the following fractionation schedules: group A, 1983-1987, 2.5 Gy 4x/wk to 60 Gy; group B, 1988-1993, 2.5 Gy 4x/wk to 55 Gy, group C, 1994-1995, 2.0 Gy 5x/wk to 55 Gy. Results: LENT-SOMA Grade 3-4 toxicity was observed as follows: group A (median follow-up 171 months; range 154-222 months), fibrosis 16% (7 of 45), telangiectasia 18% (8 of 45), and atrophy 4% (2 of 45); group B (median follow-up 113 months; range 78-164 months), pain 2% (8 of 345), fibrosis 10% (34 of 345), telangiectasia 10% (33 of 345), arm edema 1% (2 of 345), and atrophy 8% (27 of 345); and group C (median follow-up 75 months, range 51-96 months, n = 200), occurrence of Grade 3-4 late morbidity ≤2%. The cosmetic outcome was very good to acceptable in 78% (35 of 45) of patients in group A, 83% (286 of 345) in group B, and 94% (187 of 200) in group C. Conclusion: In our population, the long-term side effects after breast-conserving therapy were not rare, but were mainly asymptomatic. The LENT-SOMA breast module is a practical tool to assess radiation-induced long-term toxicity

Irritación ocular: Modelos alternativos

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Raiza Vega Montalvo

2001-12-01

Full Text Available El ojo puede ser dañado accidentalmente por el uso de muchos productos de uso rutinario. Para facilitar la seguridad de los consumidores es necesario estimar el potencial de irritación ocular de estas sustancias químicas. Esta estimación está basada en los resultados obtenidos en el ensayo de Draize llevado a cabo en conejos. Sin embargo, avances en el desarrollo de la toxicología in vitro han permitido el uso de algunas alternativas para la evaluación del riesgo ocular; por lo que se presenta una revisión acerca de los diferentes métodos alternativos disponibles hasta el momento que permiten evaluar de una forma u otra los efectos tóxicos a nivel ocular.The eye may be accidentally damaged by many products of daily use. To guarantee the consumers’ safety it is necessary to estimate the eye irritation potential of these chemical substances. This estimation is based on the results obtained in the Draize rabbit eye irritation test. However, the advances attained in the development of in vitro toxicology have allowed the use of some alternatives to evaluate the ocular risk. Therefore, a review is made on the different alternative methods available up to now that make possible the evaluation in one way or another of the toxic effects at the ocular level.

Oxaliplatin-Related Ocular Toxicity

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Marina Mesquida

2010-11-01

Full Text Available We report the case of a 52-year-old woman with advanced colorectal cancer who was treated with oxaliplatin on a FOLFOX schedule. After 3 cycles of chemotherapy, she started to complain of visual loss, altered color vision and neurological symptoms. Due to the suspicion of ocular and neurological toxicity, antineoplastic treatment was stopped. Her visual field showed a concentric bilateral scotoma and the electrooculogram test revealed severe impairment of the retinal pigment epithelium. Visual acuity, color vision and visual field recovered completely 8 months later, although electrooculogram remained abnormal. Ocular toxicity has been reported as an infrequent adverse event of oxaliplatin. Findings in this case indicate toxicity of this chemotherapeutic agent on the retinal pigment epithelium, which has not been reported before. This damage could be permanent, and it thus differs from previously described oxaliplatin-induced ocular toxicities, which are usually transient and reversible. With increasing use of oxaliplatin as first-line treatment in advanced colorectal cancer, we have to be aware of this possible toxicity.

Therapeutic targets of renin-angiotensin system in ocular disorders

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Rajesh Choudhary

2017-03-01

Conclusions: The RAS components are present in the extrarenal tissues including ocular tissue and have an imperative role in the ocular pathophysiology. The clinical studies are needed to show the role of therapeutic modalities targeting RAS in the treatment of different ocular disorders.

Síndrome de Alport: relato de um caso com recuperação total Alport syndrome: report of a case of total recovery

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Maria Cristina Silvestrim

2001-10-01

Full Text Available Os autores relatam um caso de paciente do sexo masculino, 27 anos, com síndrome de Alport. Anteriormente ao tratamento cirúrgico do déficit visual por facoemulsificação e implante de lente intra-ocular, o paciente tinha sido submetido a transplante renal com recuperação total da função do órgão. Acuidade visual do paciente após o tratamento foi de 20/20 em ambos os olhos. Descrevem sucintamente a etiopatogenia, sinais clínicos e critérios diagnósticos da síndrome.The authors report the case of a 27-year-old male patient with Alport syndrome. Prior to the surgical treatment of the visual deficit by phacoemulsification of the lens and IOL implantation, the patient had been submitted to renal transplantation with total recovery of renal function. Visual acuity post-surgery was 20/20 in both eyes. The authors present a short description of the etiopathology, clinical signs and diagnostic criteria of the syndrome.

Tear clearance implications for ocular surface health.

Science.gov (United States)

de Paiva, Cintia Sade; Pflugfelder, Stephen C

2004-03-01

Tear clearance/turnover provides a global assessment of the function of the lacrimal functional unit and of tear exchange on the ocular surface. It is an indirect measure of dry eye induced inflammation on the ocular surface. It shows better correlation with the severity of ocular irritation symptoms and corneal epithelial disease in dry eye than the Schirmer 1 test. Delayed tear clearance may prove to be the best measure for identifying patients with tear film disorders who may respond to anti-inflammatory therapy.

Evaluation of the ocular protection for low intensity therapeutic lasers; Avaliacao da protecao ocular para lasers terapeuticos em baixa intensidade

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Cordon, Rosely

2003-07-01

The low intensity laser therapy (LILT) has been extensively used in medicine and dentistry presenting positive effects. However, the laser radiation can also cause adverse effects. Due to the ocular focalization property, in the wavelength from 400 to 1400 nm, the retina is more susceptible to damage by radiation than any other part of the human body. Then, the ocular protection is frequently emphasized. This protection must attenuate the radiation to a safe level. The International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) standard IEC 60825-1 suggests safety requirements for medical laser equipment, including the ocular protection, based on maximum permissible exposure levels. The Brazilian legislation adopts a corresponding IEC standard, the NBR IEC 601.2.22, for safety requirements. The aim of this study was to analyze the adequacy of the ocular protectors furnished by four laser equipment manufacturers, commercially available in Brazil, commonly used for LILT. For this purpose, the laser equipment and the respective ocular protectors were characterized. The adequacy was verified according to the IEC standards. It was found, among other results, ocular protectors attenuating to safe levels the radiation emitted by the respective laser equipment, however, presenting inadequate visual transmission. Inefficient protection and protection indicated in cases where they were not necessary were also observed. (author)

Application of serum natalizumab levels during plasma exchange in MS patients with progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Vennegoor, A.; Rispens, T.; van Oosten, B.W.; Wattjes, M.P.; Wondergem, M.J.; Teunissen, C.E.; van der Kleij, D.; Uitdehaag, B.M.J.; Polman, C.H.; Killestein, J.

2015-01-01

Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML) is a severe complication of natalizumab treatment. Restoring immune function by plasmapheresis/immunoadsorption (PLEX/IA) is important for the outcome of PML. We report on four multiple sclerosis (MS) patients whom developed PML during natalizumab

Multifocal fibrosclerosis presenting as Grave's orbitopathy. Bilateral exophthalmos associated with retroperitoneal and sellar fibrosis

NARCIS (Netherlands)

van der Pol, R.; Nieuwenhuis, M. G.; Mourits, M. P.

1999-01-01

BACKGROUND: Multifocal fibrosclerosis (MF) is a rare disease that may be misdiagnosed as Graves' orbitopathy. The combination of localisations of MF presented here has not been reported before. CASE REPORT: A 44-year-old man was referred with progressive bilateral exophthalmos. CT of his chest and

Clinical Analysis of 42 Cases of Ocular Ischemic Syndrome

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Jingyi Luo

2018-01-01

Full Text Available Ocular ischemic syndrome (OIS is a severe ocular disease caused by ocular hypoperfusion due to stenosis or occlusion of the common or internal carotid arteries. OIS is easily misdiagnosed or undiagnosed given its asymptomatic onset and complicated ocular manifestations. The present study reviewed 42 patients with OIS, including 30 males (71.43%, 29 older patients (69.05%, >61 yrs, and 35 patients (83.33% with two or more systemic diseases. Only 6 patients had ocular symptoms as the initial signs upon visiting the Department of Ophthalmology of three hospitals (the First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University; Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University; and the Second Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University. The ocular symptoms varied from visual deterioration to periorbital pain. Thirty-seven patients (88.10% complained of constitutional symptoms. Ocular manifestations were diverse and involved both anterior and posterior segments. We reported a case of corneal edema and corneal epithelium erosion in the ipsilateral eye due to internal carotid artery stenosis. As the clinical manifestations of OIS are complex, ophthalmologists must carefully examine patients to avoid a misdiagnosis or a failure to diagnose. The management of OIS requires cooperation with cardiologists and neurologists.

Multifocal epithelial hyperplasia in a community in the Mayan area of Mexico.

Science.gov (United States)

González-Losa, Maria R; Suarez-Allén, Rosa E; Canul-Canche, Jaqueline; Conde-Ferráez, Laura; Eljure-Lopez, Nixma

2011-03-01

Multifocal epithelial hyperplasia is a pathology of the oral mucosa which has been reported in diverse ethnic groups. Human papillomavirus (HPV) types 13 and 32 DNA has been detected in these lesions. The aims of this paper are to describe the epidemiological and clinical characteristics of an outbreak in a rural community in the Mayan area of Mexico and to identify a possible route of transmission through saliva. A cross-sectional study was conducted in Chemax (Yucatan, Mexico). Clinical and epidemiological data were obtained through direct interviews. Samples of oral cells and saliva were taken. HPV 13 and 32 were identified by polymerase chain reaction using specific primers. A total of 57 patients were studied, of whom 79.1% were aged jugal mucosa, and more frequently, the tongue. HPV 13 was found in all the patients and HPV 32 in none. A total of 42 saliva samples were positive for HPV 13. Human papillomavirus type 13 is involved in multifocal epithelial hyperplasia among the Mexican Mayan population. The presence of HPV 13 in cells from saliva, combined with poor hygiene behaviors, may explain the familial distribution of the pathology. © 2011 The International Society of Dermatology.

Multifocal fibrosclerosis and IgG4-related disease involving the cardiovascular system

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Ishizaka, Nobukazu; Terasaki, Fumio; Sakamoto, Aiko; Imai, Yasushi; Nagai, Ryozo

2012-01-01

The cardiovascular system may be involved as a target organ of multifocal fibrosclerosis, which may manifest as idiopathic retroperitoneal fibrosis, inflammatory aortic aneurysm, inflammatory periarteritis, and inflammatory pericarditis. These pathological conditions can sometimes occur concomitantly. Idiopathic retroperitoneal fibrosis and inflammatory abdominal aortic aneurysm are both characterized by the presence of fibro-inflammatory tissue around the abdominal aorta expanding into the surrounding retroperitoneal structures, and together they may be termed 'chronic periaortitis'. Cardiovascular fibrosclerosis has become non-uncommonly encountered condition since imaging modalities have made its diagnosis more feasible. In addition, recent studies have demonstrated that a certain fraction, but not all, of cardiovascular fibrosclerosis may have a link with immunoglobulin-G4 (IgG4)-related sclerosing disease (IgG4-SD). IgG4-SD is histologically characterized by dense fibrosclerosis and infiltration of lymphocytes and IgG4-positive plasma cells, and these histopathologic findings seem to be essentially similar regardless of the organs involved. In this mini review, we summarize what is known so far about multifocal fibrosclerosis of the cardiovascular system and its association with IgG4-SD, and what remains to be clarified in future investigations. (author)

Light-distortion analysis as a possible indicator of visual quality after refractive lens exchange with diffractive multifocal intraocular lenses.

Science.gov (United States)

Brito, Pedro; Salgado-Borges, José; Neves, Helena; Gonzalez-Meijome, José; Monteiro, Manuel

2015-03-01

To study the perception of light distortion after refractive lens exchange (RLE) with diffractive multifocal intraocular lenses (IOLs). Clínica Oftalmológica das Antas, Porto, Portugal. Retrospective comparative study. Refractive lens exchange was performed with implantation of an AT Lisa 839M (trifocal) or 909MP (bifocal toric) IOL, the latter if corneal astigmatism was more than 0.75 diopter (D). The postoperative visual and refractive outcomes were evaluated. A prototype light-distortion analyzer was used to quantify the postoperative light-distortion indices. A control group of eyes in which a Tecnis ZCB00 1-piece monofocal IOL was implanted had the same examinations. A trifocal or bifocal toric IOL was implanted in 66 eyes. The control IOL was implanted in 18 eyes. All 3 groups obtained a significant improvement in uncorrected distance visual acuity (UDVA) (P refractive cylinder was less than 1.00 D in 86.7% of cases with the toric IOL. The mean light-distortion index was significantly higher in the multifocal IOL groups than in the monofocal group (P light-distortion index and CDVA. The multifocal IOLs provided excellent UDVA and functional UNVA despite increased light-distortion indices. The light-distortion analyzer reliably quantified a subjective component of vision distinct from visual acuity; it may become a useful adjunct in the evaluation of visual quality obtained with multifocal IOLs. No author has a financial or proprietary interest in any material or method mentioned. Copyright © 2015 ASCRS and ESCRS. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Undefined role of mucus as a barrier in ocular drug delivery.

Science.gov (United States)

Ruponen, Marika; Urtti, Arto

2015-10-01

Mucus layer covers the ocular surface, and soluble mucins are also present in the tear fluid. After topical ocular drug administration, the drugs and formulations may interact with mucus layer that may act as a barrier in ocular drug delivery. In this mini-review, we illustrate the mucin composition of the ocular surface and discuss the influence of mucus layer on ocular drug absorption. Based on the current knowledge the role of mucus barrier in drug delivery is still undefined. Furthermore, interactions with mucus may prolong the retention of drug formulations on the ocular surface. Mucus may decrease or increase ocular bioavailability depending on the magnitude of its role as barrier or retention site, respectively. Mechanistic studies are needed to clarify the role of mucin in ocular drug delivery. Copyright © 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Ocular volume measured by CT scans

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Hahn, F.J.; Wei-Kom Chu

1984-01-01

Newer CT scans have greatly enhanced oculometric research and made it possible to measure ocular dimensions. With these measurements, ocular volume can be more accurately estimated to understand its relationship with age and sex. One hundred CT orbit scans with presumed normal eyes were used for the data base. The mean values and normal variations of ocular volumes at various ages in both sexes are presented. Rapid growth of the eyeball was noted during the first 24 months of age. It reached its peak between the ages of 18 and 30 years of age, after which there was a reduction. Results may be of help in recognizing eye abnormalities such as microophthalmus and macrophthalmia. (orig.)

Colloidal drug delivery system: amplify the ocular delivery.

Science.gov (United States)

Ali, Javed; Fazil, Mohd; Qumbar, Mohd; Khan, Nazia; Ali, Asgar

2016-01-01

The ocular perceivers are the most voluntarily accessible organs in terms of location in the body, yet drug distribution to these tissues is one of the most intriguing and challenging endeavors and problematic to the pharmaceutical scientist. The most of ocular diseases are treated with topical application of conventional formulation, i.e. solutions, suspensions and ointment. Typically on installation of these conventional formulations, only <5% of the applied dose penetrates the cornea and reaches intraocular tissues, while a major fraction of the instilled dose is wastage due to the presence of many ocular barriers like external barriers, rapid loss of the instilled solution from the precorneal area and nasolacrimal drainage system. Systemic absorption caused systemic side effects varying from mild to life-threatening events. The main objective of this review is to explore the role of colloidal delivery of drug to minimize the drawbacks associated with them. This review provides an insight into the various constraints associated with ocular drug delivery, summarizes recent findings and applications of colloidal delivery systems, i.e. nanoparticles, nanosuspensions, liposomes, niosomes, dendrimers and contact lenses containing nanoparticles have the capacity to distribute ocular drugs to categorical target sites and hold promise to revolutionize the therapy of many ocular perceiver diseases and minimized the circumscription of conventional delivery. Form the basis of literature review, it has been found that the novel delivery system have greater impact to maximize ocular drug absorption, and minimize systemic absorption and side effects.

Unusual ocular manifestations of silent sinus syndrome

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Fabricio Lopes da Fonseca

2014-01-01

Full Text Available Silent sinus syndrome is an acquired condition in which there is a gradual collapse of the orbital floor and inward retraction of the maxillary sinus (atelectasis of the maxillary sinus. This in turn may cause associated ocular occurrences of enophthalmos and hypotropia. This is a report of an 8 year-old boy with silent sinus syndrome and associated ocular motility disorders. The association between silent sinus syndrome and ocular motility disturbance has been recently described in the literature. However, this is an infrequent association, mainly in childhood.

Bilateral Acanthamoeba ulcer in a user of disposable soft contact lenses: a tragic incident or a consequence of the aggressive policy of soft contact lens trading? Úlcera bilateral por Acanthamoeba em usuária de lentes de contato gelatinosas descartáveis: um incidente trágico ou uma conseqüência da política agressiva de venda de lentes de contato gelatinosas?

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Sidney Júlio de Faria e Sousa

2008-06-01

Full Text Available This is the report of a case of bilateral Acanthamoeba keratitis in a 19-year-old woman who bought a pair of disposable soft contact lenses in a boutique. She wore this same pair of lenses for 3 months daily without the appropriate care. This led to bilateral corneal transplantation with cataract extraction and also trabeculectomy in the right eye. When last seen, both grafts were crystal clear but the visual acuities were far from satisfactory. She also had bilateral secondary glaucoma, barely controlled by topical medication. Actually, the physical features and the wearing time characteristics of the disposable soft contact lenses created unprecedented difficulties to the medical surveillance of their wearers. Without the right assistance they tend to become careless regarding routine cleaning. They also feel free to buy less expensive lenses, to use saline instead of lens solutions, to violate the limits of wearing time and to extend the use over the sleeping period. Additionally, the aggressive marketing and the wide distribution of these lenses increase the chances that economically or educationally unprepared people will acquire them. The question that remains is: Is the present case an accidental event or an example of what is likely to happen in the future if the indiscriminate selling of disposable soft contact lenses continues to evolve?Este é o relato de uma paciente do sexo feminino, de 19 anos, com ceratite bilateral por Acanthamoeba, devido ao uso de lentes de contato descartáveis, adquiridas em uma butique. Fez uso do mesmo par de lentes durante três meses, sem os cuidados adequados. Foi submetida a transplante penetrante de córnea e facectomia bilateral, além de trabeculectomia no olho direito. Quando vista pela última vez, os enxertos estavam transparentes, mas a visão de ambos os olhos não era satisfatória. Ela também apresentava glaucoma secundário bilateral, controlado precariamente com medicação tópica. Ocorre

Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy limited to the brain stem

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Kastrup, O.; Maschke, M.; Diener, H.C. [Neurologische Universitaetsklinik, University of Essen (Germany); Wanke, I. [Department of Neuroradiology, University of Essen (Germany)

2002-03-01

Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML) is a subacute demyelinating slow-virus encephalitis caused by the JC polyomavirus in 2-5% of patients with AIDS. MRI typically shows multiple lesions in the cerebral hemispheres. We present a rare case of rapidly evolving and lethal PML with a severe bulbar syndrome and spastic tetraparesis in a patient with AIDS. MRI showed high-signal lesions on T2-weighted images confined to the brain stem, extending from the medulla oblongata to the midbrain. JC virus polymerase chain reaction in cerebrospinal fluid was positive, and neuropathology showed the findings of PML. This case was also notable because of the rapid progression despite improved immune status with antiretroviral therapy. (orig.)

Ceratocone: correlação entre grau evolutivo e padrão topográfico com o tipo de lente de contato adaptada Keratoconus: correlation between degrees of severity and topographical pattern with the kind of fitted contact lens

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Vinícius Coral Ghanem

2003-01-01

Full Text Available OBJETIVO: Verificar a existência de associações entre grau evolutivo e padrão topográfico do ceratocone com as lentes de contato (LC adaptadas. MÉTODOS: Estudo retrospectivo do tratamento de 454 pacientes (881 olhos com ceratocone, 746 adaptados com lentes de contato, de julho de 1996 a junho de 2000. Classificou-se o ceratocone segundo grau evolutivo e padrão topográfico. A primeira lente de contato testada foi rígida gás-permeável (RGP monocurva. Quando não se alcançou a adaptação desejada, testou-se as rígidas gás-permeáveis bicurvas e outros desenhos, procurando-se relação lente-córnea com livramento apical ou discreto toque apical. Em caso de insucesso com as rígidas foram testadas as lentes de contato gelatinosas, esféricas, tóricas e com desenhos especiais. RESULTADOS: Para 15 (3,3% pacientes foram receitados óculos; 111 olhos (12,6% permaneceram sem correção; 746 (84,68% olhos foram adaptados com LC; 39 olhos (4,44% de 39 pacientes (8,6% foram encaminhados para transplante de córnea. O grau evolutivo mais encontrado foi o avançado (575 olhos - 66,86%, seguido do incipiente (160 olhos - 18,6%. O valor ceratométrico médio do meridiano mais plano (K foi de 47,80 (±3,73 para os olhos adaptados com lentes de contato gelatinosas; de 49,03 (±3,7 para as lentes de contato rígidas gás-permeáveis monocurvas; de 51,62 (±3,6 para as lentes de contato bicurvas e de 51,14 (±3,5 para o sistema "piggyback". Quanto à classificação topográfica, o mais freqüente foi o periférico inferior (436 olhos - 50,7%, seguido pelo central assimétrico (348 olhos - 40,46%. No olho direito, a análise das variáveis padrão topográfico e tipo de lente adaptada demonstrou associação estatisticamente significante (p=0,045 de lentes de contato gelatinosas tóricas e sistema "piggyback" com percentual maior de adaptações nos ceratocones centrais. Com as lentes de contato rígidas gás-permeáveis monocurvas e bicurvas houve

Early Magnetic Resonance Detection of Natalizumab-Related Progressive Multifocal Leukoencephalopathy in a Patient with Multiple Sclerosis

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Guglielmo Manenti

2013-01-01

Full Text Available Diagnosis of progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy is usually based on the clinical presentation, on the demonstration of the brain lesions at the magnetic resonance imaging examination, and on the detection of the JC virus DNA in the cerebrospinal fluid with high sensitive polymerase chain reaction. The role of magnetic resonance imaging specifically in natalizumab-associated progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy is strengthening, and it is gaining importance not only as an irreplaceable diagnostic tool but also as a surveillance and risk stratifying tool in treated patients. While other imaging techniques such as computed tomography lack sensitivity and specificity, magnetic resonance performed with morphological and functional sequences offers clinicians the possibility to early identify the stage of the disease and the emergence of an immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome after natalizumab blood removal plasmapheresis.

Use of Lumbar Punctures in the Management of Ocular Syphilis.

Science.gov (United States)

Reekie, Ian; Reddy, Yaviche

2018-01-01

Ocular syphilis has become rare in the developed world, but is a common presentation to ophthalmology departments in South Africa. We investigated the proportion of patients diagnosed with ocular syphilis who went on to receive lumbar punctures, and determined the fraction of these who had cerebrospinal fluid findings suggestive of neurosyphilis. We aimed to determine whether the use of lumbar punctures in ocular syphilis patients was beneficial in picking up cases of neurosyphilis. Retrospective study of case notes of patients admitted to two district hospitals in Durban, South Africa, with ocular syphilis over a 20-month period. A total of 31 of 68 ocular syphilis patients underwent lumbar puncture, and of these, eight (25.8%) had findings suggestive of neurosyphilis. Lumbar puncture in ocular syphilis patients should continue to be a routine part of the investigation of these patients; a large proportion of ocular syphilis patients show cerebrospinal fluid findings suggestive of neurosyphilis, are at risk of the complications of neurosyphilis, and should be managed accordingly.

Apport de l’IRM dans la prise en charge des compressions médullaires lentes non traumatiques

Science.gov (United States)

Badji, Nfally; Deme, Hamidou; Akpo, Geraud; Ndong, Boucar; Toure, Mouhamadou Hamine; Diop, Sokhna Ba; Niang, El Hadji

2016-01-01

Les compressions médullaires lentes sont dues au développement dans le canal médullaire d’une lésion expansive. C’est une pathologie très fréquente dont le diagnostic est essentiellement clinique. L’imagerie par résonnance magnétique occupe une place incontournable dans le diagnostic de localisation et la recherche étiologique. En Europe l’étiologie tumorale est prépondérante. Le but de cette étude était de décrire les aspects IRM des compressions médullaires lentes et de déterminer le profil étiologique. Il s’agit d’une étude rétrospective portant sur 97 observations colligées au service de radiologie du CHUN de Fann sur une période de 30 mois (du 08/03/10 au 29/09/12). On été inclus dans l’étude, tous les patients adressés pour un tableau de compression médullaire lente survenu dans un contexte non traumatique. L’âge moyen des patients était de 42,6 ans avec des extrêmes compris entre 04 mois et 85 ans. Nous avons étudié la topographie des lésions (étage rachidien, compartiments canalaires) leur rehaussement et les critères d’orientation étiologique. Le protocole d’examen permettait la réalisation de séquence pondérées T1 sans avec injection de gado, T2, STIR et T2 DRIVE centrées sur les niveaux lésionnels ou les zones suspectes. L’IRM a permis de préciser le siège exact et l’étendue des lésions. L’atteinte du rachis dorsal représentait 42% des cas, suivi du rachis cervical avec 32% des cas. Les atteintes lombo-sacrées et pluri-étagées représentaient respectivement 18% et 08% des cas. Les lésions extradurales représentaient 87% des cas, suivi des lésions intradurales extramédullaires avec 08% des cas et des lésions intramédullaires dans 05% des cas. La particularité du profil étiologique de notre étude est la prédominance des épidurites infectieuses et la fréquence relative des épidurites métastatiques comparée aux séries occidentales. L’IRM vertébro-médullaire occupe

Luz y gravedad (Reflexiones geométricas sobre cáusticas y lentes gravitacionales

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Elena Ortiz García

2011-04-01

Full Text Available Cuando los rayos de luz iluminan una taza de café en una tardesoleada, podemos observar la curva que más brilla sobre la superficie del líquido. Quizá sea ésta una oportunidad para plantearse el siguiente experimento mental: ¿cómo juegan los rayos de luz al reflejarse en diferentes “tazas” geométricas? Esta comunicación pretende proseguir esta discusión con algunas consideraciones sencillas que nos sitúen ante el fenómeno de las lentes gravitacionales, allí donde los efectos de la gravedad afectan, incluso, a la manera de propagarse de la luz, mostrando un sistema dinámico idealizado que resulta, a la vez, sencilloy (matemáticamente caótico.

The value of local treatment in patients with primary, disseminated, multifocal Ewing sarcoma (PDMES)

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Haeusler, Julia; Ranft, Andreas; Boelling, Tobias; Gosheger, Georg; Braun-Munzinger, Gabriele; Vieth, Volker; Burdach, Stefan; van den Berg, Henk; Juergens, Heribert; Dirksen, Uta

2010-01-01

The value of local treatment in patients with primary, disseminated, multifocal Ewing sarcoma (PDMES) was investigated. We analyzed 120 patients registered into the European Ewing Tumor Working Initiative of National Groups (EURO-E.W.I.N.G. 99) trial at the trial center of Muenster from 1998 to

Ocular toxicity of authentic lunar dust.

Science.gov (United States)

Meyers, Valerie E; Garcìa, Hector D; Monds, Kathryn; Cooper, Bonnie L; James, John T

2012-07-20

Dust exposure is a well-known occupational hazard for terrestrial workers and astronauts alike and will continue to be a concern as humankind pursues exploration and habitation of objects beyond Earth. Humankind's limited exploration experience with the Apollo Program indicates that exposure to dust will be unavoidable. Therefore, NASA must assess potential toxicity and recommend appropriate mitigation measures to ensure that explorers are adequately protected. Visual acuity is critical during exploration activities and operations aboard spacecraft. Therefore, the present research was performed to ascertain the ocular toxicity of authentic lunar dust. Small (mean particle diameter = 2.9 ± 1.0 μm), reactive lunar dust particles were produced by grinding bulk dust under ultrapure nitrogen conditions. Chemical reactivity and cytotoxicity testing were performed using the commercially available EpiOcularTM assay. Subsequent in vivo Draize testing utilized a larger size fraction of unground lunar dust that is more relevant to ocular exposures (particles lunar dust was minimally irritating. Minor irritation of the upper eyelids was noted at the 1-hour observation point, but these effects resolved within 24 hours. In addition, no corneal scratching was observed using fluorescein stain. Low-titanium mare lunar dust is minimally irritating to the eyes and is considered a nuisance dust for ocular exposure. No special precautions are recommended to protect against ocular exposures, but fully shielded goggles may be used if dust becomes a nuisance.

Epidemiological findings of ocular trauma in childhood Achados epidemiológicos do trauma ocular na infância

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Angelino Julio Cariello

2007-03-01

Full Text Available PURPOSE: To describe epidemiological findings of ocular trauma in childhood in an emergency unit. METHODS: A retrospective study was carried out including patients under 16 years old who were treated for ocular trauma at the emergency unit of the Federal University of São Paulo from September 2001 to September 2004. Age, sex, involved eye, place, circumstance and mechanism of injury, initial visual acuity and immediate management were recorded. RESULTS: A total of 273 patients were included in the study. The age group comprising most cases was 7 to 10 years (39.9%. The most frequent cause of ocular injury was traumatism by external agents like stone, iron and wood objects (27.9%. The commonest place was the home (53.1%. Initial visual acuity was over 20/40 in 63.4% of cases. Closed globe injury occurred in 201 (73.6% accidents. Seventy-six children (27. 8% were treated with medicines and in forty-eight (17.6% cases surgery was necessary. CONCLUSION: Ocular trauma in childhood was more frequent in the male schoolchild and was due mostly to traumatism with agents like stone, wood and iron pieces, domestic utensils and leisure objects. The injuries occurred most frequently at home. Closed globe injuries predominated. Programs of education and prevention for ocular trauma in childhood are necessary.OBJETIVO: Descrever os achados epidemiológicos do trauma ocular na infância em uma unidade de emergência. MÉTODOS: Em estudo retrospectivo, foram analisados prontuários de pacientes menores que 16 anos que foram atendidos por trauma ocular no Pronto-Socorro de Oftalmologia da Universidade Federal de São Paulo de setembro de 2001 a setembro de 2004. Foram coletadas informações a respeito da idade, sexo, olho envolvido, local, circunstância e mecanismo do trauma, acuidade visual inicial e conduta imediata. RESULTADOS: Um total de 273 pacientes foi incluído no estudo. A faixa etária com maior número de casos foi a de 7 a 10 anos (39,9%. A causa

Evaluación de factores de riesgo en accidentes oculares graves infantiles Assessment of the risk factors for severe ocular accidents in children

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Sahely Sixto Fuentes

2010-09-01

Full Text Available Objetivo: Evaluar factores de riesgo en accidentes oculares graves infantiles. Métodos: Se realizó una investigación aplicada, epidemiológica, descriptiva, longitudinal y prospectiva sobre accidentes oculares graves en el Servicio de Oftalmología del Hospital Pediátrico Provincial de Pinar del Río (2006-2007. El universo y muestra estuvo constituido por dos grupos de niños de 1- 20 años, ambos sexos y todas las etnias. Primer Grupo: Niños con accidente ocular grave, Segundo Grupo: Niños sin accidente ocular; determinándose una muestra total de 130 seleccionados mediante muestreo aleatorio simple. Fueron utilizados métodos empíricos y teóricos de investigación científica. Resultados: El trauma ocular representó el 87,8% de los ingresos de urgencia durante el período. Se encontró que el grupo etáreo de 9-12 años (40%, y sexo masculino (89,2% fueron los más afectados. Un 76,9% de los accidentados residía en zona rural. El 96,9% se encontraba fuera de la casa y sin compañía de adultos en el momento del trauma. Predominaron las familias con conocimientos y actitudes evaluados de regulares en relación a los accidentes oculares con un 57,7 % y 60,8% respectivamente. Conclusiones: Se constató elevada frecuencia de traumas oculares infantiles graves en Pinar del Río, precisando sus factores causales de riesgo y dificultades en la prevención de los mismos.Objective: To assess the risk factors for severe ocular accidents in children. Methods: An applied, epidemiological, descriptive, longitudinal and prospective research of the severe ocular accidents was conducted in the Ophthalmologic Service at "Pepe Portilla" Provincial Children Hospital, Pinar del Rio. The target group and the sample were comprised of two groups of children from 1 to 16 years old of both sexes and all ethnics. First group: children and adolescents suffering from severe ocular accidents. Second group: children and adolescents without ocular accidents; a

Efectividad de la lente intraocular ACRI. SMART 46-S en la cirugía de catarata por microincisiones Effectiveness of the intraocular lens ACRI SMART 46-S in micro-incision cataract surgery

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Juan Raúl Hernández Silva

2007-12-01

Full Text Available El perfeccionamiento y aplicación de una industria destinada a modernizar las lentes intraoculares y el instrumental quirúrgico ha impulsado un conjunto de adelantos que han permitido optimizar, corregir y refinar las técnicas quirúrgicas para la cirugía de la catarata y en especial la facoemulsificación. El punto más importante en esta cadena de adelantos está enmarcado y encaminado a disminuir el tamaño de la incisión quirúrgica que permita solucionar un número importante de complicaciones que con relativa frecuencia se presentan con la aplicación de las técnicas quirúrgicas convencionales extracapsular e intracapsular con incisiones mayores a los 10 mm. Actualmente se han desarrollado técnicas quirúrgicas conocidas como cirugía de la catarata por microincisiones .Se realizó un estudio descriptivo y retrospectivo, cuyo universo estuvo constituido por 27 pacientes (ojos con diagnóstico de catarata presenil y senil, que recibieron tratamiento quirúrgico con la técnica de facoemulsificación por microinsiciones e implante de lente intraocular de cámara posterior de una pieza, plegable de acrílico, de un tamaño de 11 x 6 mm de óptica, modelo Acri. Smart 46 S con inyector, en el Centro de Microcirugía Ocular del Instituto Cubano de Oftalmología “Ramón Pando Ferrer”, en el período comprendido desde enero 2004 hasta enero 2005. Se encontró que la mayoría de los casos tenían más de 50 años, se alcanzó una recuperación significativa de la mejor agudeza visual corregida en el posoperatorio, el astigmatismo inducido fue bajo. En cuanto a los parámetros facodinámicos utilizados, el poder de ultrasonido fue como promedio bajo. Las complicaciones presentadas fueron pocas, salida de vítreo secundaria a rotura de la cápsula posterior ocurrió más frecuentemente. Se concluye que la técnica quirúrgica MICS con implante de lente Acri.Smart 46 S constituye una opción válida, segura y eficaz en el tratamiento de la

Fundus Autofluorescence Imaging in an Ocular Screening Program

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A. M. Kolomeyer

2012-01-01

Full Text Available Purpose. To describe integration of fundus autofluorescence (FAF imaging into an ocular screening program. Methods. Fifty consecutive screening participants were included in this prospective pilot imaging study. Color and FAF (530/640 nm exciter/barrier filters images were obtained with a 15.1MP Canon nonmydriatic hybrid camera. A clinician evaluated the images on site to determine need for referral. Visual acuity (VA, intraocular pressure (IOP, and ocular pathology detected by color fundus and FAF imaging modalities were recorded. Results. Mean ± SD age was 47.4 ± 17.3 years. Fifty-two percent were female and 58% African American. Twenty-seven percent had a comprehensive ocular examination within the past year. Mean VA was 20/39 in the right eye and 20/40 in the left eye. Mean IOP was 15 mmHg bilaterally. Positive color and/or FAF findings were identified in nine (18% individuals with diabetic retinopathy or macular edema (n=4, focal RPE defects (n=2, age-related macular degeneration (n=1, central serous retinopathy (n=1, and ocular trauma (n=1. Conclusions. FAF was successfully integrated in our ocular screening program and aided in the identification of ocular pathology. Larger studies examining the utility of this technology in screening programs may be warranted.

Fundus autofluorescence imaging in an ocular screening program.

Science.gov (United States)

Kolomeyer, A M; Nayak, N V; Szirth, B C; Khouri, A S

2012-01-01

Purpose. To describe integration of fundus autofluorescence (FAF) imaging into an ocular screening program. Methods. Fifty consecutive screening participants were included in this prospective pilot imaging study. Color and FAF (530/640 nm exciter/barrier filters) images were obtained with a 15.1MP Canon nonmydriatic hybrid camera. A clinician evaluated the images on site to determine need for referral. Visual acuity (VA), intraocular pressure (IOP), and ocular pathology detected by color fundus and FAF imaging modalities were recorded. Results. Mean ± SD age was 47.4 ± 17.3 years. Fifty-two percent were female and 58% African American. Twenty-seven percent had a comprehensive ocular examination within the past year. Mean VA was 20/39 in the right eye and 20/40 in the left eye. Mean IOP was 15 mmHg bilaterally. Positive color and/or FAF findings were identified in nine (18%) individuals with diabetic retinopathy or macular edema (n = 4), focal RPE defects (n = 2), age-related macular degeneration (n = 1), central serous retinopathy (n = 1), and ocular trauma (n = 1). Conclusions. FAF was successfully integrated in our ocular screening program and aided in the identification of ocular pathology. Larger studies examining the utility of this technology in screening programs may be warranted.

Nanotherapies for the treatment of ocular diseases.

Science.gov (United States)

Reimondez-Troitiño, S; Csaba, N; Alonso, M J; de la Fuente, M

2015-09-01

The topical route is the most frequent and preferred way to deliver drugs to the eye. Unfortunately, the very low ocular drug bioavailability (less than 5%) associated with this modality of administration, makes the efficient treatment of several ocular diseases a significant challenge. In the last decades, it has been shown that specific nanocarriers can interact with the ocular mucosa, thereby increasing the retention time of the associated drug onto the eye, as well as its permeability across the corneal and conjunctival epithelium. In this review, we comparatively analyze the mechanism of action and specific potential of the most studied nano-drug delivery carriers. In addition, we present the success achieved until now using a number of nanotherapies for the treatment of the most prevalent ocular pathologies, such as infections, inflammation, dry eye, glaucoma, and retinopathies. Copyright © 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Strategy in Regulatory Decision-Making for Management of Progressive Multifocal Leukoencephalopathy

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Segec, A; Keller-Stanislawski, B; Vermeer, N S

2015-01-01

Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML) has been observed after the use of several medicines, including monoclonal antibodies. As these drugs play important roles in the therapeutic armamentarium, it is important to address the challenges that this severe adverse reaction poses to the safe...... use of medicines. Considering the need for consistent outcomes of regulatory decisions, the European Medicines Agency Pharmacovigilance Risk Assessment Committee (PRAC) used PML as an example to develop a systematic approach to labeling and risk minimization....

Interactions of Bacteria and Amoebae with Ocular Biomaterials

OpenAIRE

John, Thomas

1991-01-01

The use of biomaterials in periocular and intraocular sites has resulted in some ocular inflammations and infections which can result in vision-threatening ocular disease. This review addresses bacterial interactions with, and adherence to ocular biomaterials such as soft contact lenses, surgical suture materials, and intraocular lenses. In addition, adherence of Acanthamoeba to soft contact lenses is described, and the role of these lenses in the development of Acanthamoeba keratitis is disc...

An introduction to the mathematics of ocular kinematics

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Graeme E MacKenzie

2006-12-01

Full Text Available The research surrounding ocular kinematics has widespread applications including the study of binocular vision, virtual reality and the detec-tion of ocular and neurologic pathologies. This field promises to have a significant impact on optometric diagnostic techniques. This paper in-troduces the terminology used in the description of eye rotations and explores a number of the mathematical approaches pertinent to the topic of ocular kinematics.

Eye cosmetic usage and associated ocular comfort.

Science.gov (United States)

Ng, Alison; Evans, Katharine; North, Rachel; Purslow, Christine

2012-11-01

Eye cosmetics usage is commonplace and whilst some products such as eyeliner are applied with close proximity to the ocular surface, there is little knowledge of the short- and long-term ocular effects of eye cosmetic formulations. This study aimed to investigate the use of eye cosmetics and identify any relationships between ocular comfort and cosmetic usage. Results were collated from an online survey comprising 23 questions that recorded demographics, Ocular Surface Disease Index (OSDI) score, extent and range of eye cosmetic use and perceived comfort differences with and without eye cosmetics. The 1360 female respondents (median age 25, interquartile range 20-34 years) completed the survey; 83% reported using eye cosmetics regularly (≥ 3 times per week) with mascara being most commonly used. Fifty three per cent used at least three different eye cosmetics products regularly. OSDI scores of cosmetics users were similar to non-users (p = 0.083), but perceived comfort was greater when cosmetics were not used (p cosmetics users (use of products cosmetics were used. Median OSDI scores suggested a trend towards reduced comfort amongst eyeliner users (p = 0.07) although frequency and type of cosmetic products used did not appear to influence OSDI scores. This study shows the use of multiple eye cosmetics is extensive and associated with the perception of ocular discomfort. With such widespread use of these products, more research is required to assess the effect on the ocular surface and tear film, which may be underestimated. Ophthalmic & Physiological Optics © 2012 The College of Optometrists.

Corporal punishment-related ocular injuries in Nigerian children

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Oluwakemi Adegbehingbe

2007-01-01

Full Text Available Objective: To determine the contribution of corporal punishment to ocular morbidity and visual impairment in Nigerian children. Materials and Methods: A prospective study was conducted of all patients aged 0-15 years seen with ocular injuries over a four year period. Those who sustained ocular injuries during the administration of corporal punishment were further studied. Relevant information was documented using a semistructured questionnaire. Data was analyzed by simple descriptive statistics using SPSS statistical package version 10. Results: A total of 186 children were seen within the study period. Eighty-nine (47.8% had ocular injuries and 27 (30.3% had ocular injuries resulting from corporal punishment. Of the latter group, eighteen were males and nine were females. Their ages ranged from 3-15 years (mean = 8.5 ± 2.4 years. Corporal punishment-associated injuries occurred most commonly as seen in 17 (63% of our study population who were aged 7-12 years. These 27 cases of injuries were sustained in the schools: 13 (48.2%, homes: eight (29.6%, market place: three (11.1%, workshop: two (7.4% and worship houses: one (3.7%. A stick was the object mostly implicated in causing ocular injuries in 13 (48.2% followed by a belt in five (18.5% and a whip in four (14.8%. Severe visual impairment occurred in two (7.4% patients while blindness occurred in three (11.1% patients. Conclusion: Corporal punishment is a major cause of ocular morbidity and blindness in Nigerian children.

Clinical Profile and Visual Outcome of Ocular Bartonellosis in Malaysia

OpenAIRE

Tan, Chai Lee; Fhun, Lai Chan; Tai, Evelyn Li Min; Abdul Gani, Nor Hasnida; Muhammed, Julieana; Tuan Jaafar, Tengku Norina; Ahmad Tajudin, Liza Sharmini; Wan Hitam, Wan-Hazabbah

2017-01-01

Background. Ocular bartonellosis can present in various ways, with variable visual outcome. There is limited data on ocular bartonellosis in Malaysia. Objective. We aim to describe the clinical presentation and visual outcome of ocular bartonellosis in Malaysia. Materials and Methods. This was a retrospective review of patients treated for ocular bartonellosis in two ophthalmology centers in Malaysia between January 2013 and December 2015. The diagnosis was based on clinical features, support...

Medicina regenerativa y superficie ocular Regenerative medicine and ocular surface

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Taimi Cárdenas Díaz

2012-06-01

Full Text Available En los últimos años se ha producido un extraordinario avance en los conocimientos relacionados con diferentes ramas biomédicas, entre ellas, la biología celular. Esto ha dado un notable impulso a una nueva rama de la medicina denominada medicina regenerativa. Esta nueva disciplina médica se basa fundamentalmente en los nuevos conocimientos sobre las células madre y en su capacidad de convertirse en células de diferentes tejidos. Una de las estructuras que tiene más interés, desde el punto de vista de la medicina regenerativa, es la superficie ocular. Por esto, se ha logrado notables progresos en la reconstrucción de la superficie ocular mediante la aplicación de procederes regenerativos. Los cultivos de células del epitelio corneal humano están siendo utilizados en el tratamiento de la insuficiencia limbar. Esto permite disminuir la incidencia de opacidades tipo Haze tras queratectomía fotorrefractiva, acelerar la curación y evitar la aparición de leucomas en pacientes con defectos epiteliares persistentes e intentar disminuir la incidencia de opacidades corneales en pacientes sometidos a queratectomía fototerapéutica por diferentes distrofias corneales.In the last few years, an extraordinary advance has taken place in the knowledge about several biomedical branches as is the case of cellular biology, which has remarkably encouraged the development of a new medical branch called regenerative medicine. This medical discipline is fundamentally based on the new knowledge on the stem cells and their capacity to become cells for different tissues. One of the most interesting structures for the regenerative medicine is the ocular surface. In the last few years, significant advances have been achieved in the field of the ocular surface reconstruction with regenerative procedures. Some cell cultures of the human corneal epithelium are being used to treat limber insufficiency, to reduce the incidence of haze-type opacities after

OCULAR SYPHILIS IN A KIDNEY TRANSPLANT RECIPIENT

Science.gov (United States)

ROMAO, Elen A.; BOLELLA, Valdes R.; NARDIN, Maria Estela P.; HABIB-SIMAO, Maria Lucia; FURTADO, João Marcelo; MOYSES-NETO, Miguel

2016-01-01

We present a case of ocular syphilis after a renal transplantation involving progressive vision loss without clinically identifiable ocular disease. Electroretinography showed signs of ischemia, especially in the internal retina. A serological test was positive for syphilis. Lumbar puncture revealed lymphocytic meningitis and a positive serologic test for syphilis in the cerebrospinal fluid. The patient was treated with penicillin, and had a quick vision improvement. In the case of transplant recipients, clinicians should always consider the diagnosis of ocular syphilis in cases with unexplained visual acuity decrement, as this condition may cause serious complications if not treated. PMID:27253748

Ocular fishhook injuries.

Science.gov (United States)

Ang, C S

2001-06-01

Ocular fishhook injuries are rare, yet potentially vision threatening as complications such as corneal scarring, retinal detachment and endophthalmitis may result. The surgical management of these cases is challenging due to the construction of barbed fishhooks.

Perfil demográfico e comportamental de pacientes com indicação médica óptica de lentes de contato

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Fernanda Lika Tabushi

Full Text Available RESUMO Objetivos: Avaliar o perfil demográfico e comportamental de pacientes com indicação médica óptica de lentes de contato (LC em um hospital público de Curitiba. Métodos: Estudo transversal realizado através de questionário em pacientes atendidos no serviço de lentes de contato do ambulatório do SUS do Hospital de Olhos do Paraná, no período de 02 de setembro de 2014 a 04 de agosto de 2015. Resultados: Dos 69 entrevistados, 56,52% fizeram LC. Destes, 55,07% têm entre 20-49 anos, 69,56% são mulheres, 40,58% com ensino médio completo e 36,23% com 2 a 6 salários mínimos. Predominaram a lente rígida com 66,67%, com menos de 8 horas de uso em 41,02% e desconforto durante o uso em 59%. A limpeza das LC é feita ao colocar e ao retirar em 87,18% dos casos, com 71,8% utilizando solução própria para LC. Alto custo da compra foi o principal motivo do não uso de LC, com 70% dos pacientes que não fizeram uso desse recurso. Conclusões: Dos entrevistados, 56,52% iniciaram o uso de LC, sendo o ceratocone a doença mais indicada. Foi demonstrado nesse estudo que os pacientes em questão têm boa orientação quanto a manuseio e manutenção das LC. Apesar dos inquestionáveis avanços da tecnologia médica, continuam ocorrendo a desistência do uso desse recurso principalmente pelo custo e medo do manuseio. É responsabilidade do especialista esclarecer os benefícios que os pacientes com indicação médica terão com o uso de LC, assim como motivar o seu uso.

ROCK inhibitors in ocular disease

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Eva Halasz

2016-12-01

Full Text Available Rho kinases (ROCKs have a crucial role in actin-cytoskeletal reorganization and thus are involved in broad aspects of cell motility, from smooth muscle contraction to neurite outgrowth. The first marketed ROCK inhibitor, called fasudil, has been used safely for treatment of cerebral vasospasm since 1995 in Japan. During the succeeding decades ROCK inhibitors have been applied in many pathological conditions from central nervous system disorders to cardiovascular disease as potential therapeutic agents or experimental tools to help understand the underlying (pathomechanisms. In 2014, a fasudil derivate named ripasudil was accepted for clinical use in glaucoma and ocular hypertension. Since ROCK kinases are widely expressed in ocular tissues, they have been implicated in the pathology of many ocular conditions such as corneal dysfunction, glaucoma, cataract, diabetic retinopathy, age-related macular degeneration, and retinal detachment. This paper aims to provide an overview of the most recent status/application of ROCK inhibitors in the field of eye disease.

Association between Exposure to Smartphones and Ocular Health in Adolescents.

Science.gov (United States)

Kim, Joowon; Hwang, Yunji; Kang, Seungheon; Kim, Minhye; Kim, Tae-Shin; Kim, Jay; Seo, Jeongmin; Ahn, Hyojeong; Yoon, Sungjoon; Yun, Jun Pil; Lee, Yae Lim; Ham, Hyunsoo; Yu, Hyeong Gon; Park, Sue K

2016-08-01

Smartphone use has dramatically increased in recent years. Smartphones may have adverse health effects, particularly on the eyes, because users stare at the screen for a much longer time than they do with ordinary mobile phones. The objective of this study was to elucidate the relationship between smartphone use and ocular symptoms among adolescents. Information on smartphone use and ocular symptoms (blurring, redness, visual disturbance, secretion, inflammation, lacrimation and dryness) related to eye fatigue and strain from 715 adolescent subjects from three cities in Korea was obtained using a structured questionnaire. Ocular health was scored using number of ocular symptoms. Odds ratios (ORs), 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) and p-values for ocular symptoms were calculated with binomial and multinomial logistic regression models. Higher prevalence rates for ocular symptoms were observed in groups with greater exposure to smartphones (p 2 hours daily and ≤2 hours continuously) and excessive/persistent use (>2 hours daily and >2 hours continuously) compared to shorter use (<2 hours daily) were associated with multiple ocular symptoms (OR 2.18, 95% CI 1.09-4.39; OR 2.26, 95% CI 1.11-4.57, respectively). A higher lifetime exposure to smartphones was associated with a higher likelihood of having multiple ocular symptoms (OR 3.05, 95% CI 1.51-6.19; p = 0.001). Increasing exposure to smartphones can have a negative impact on ocular health in adolescents.

A global epidemiological survey and strategy of treatment of military ocular injury

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Mao-nian ZHANG

2011-10-01

Full Text Available Objective To investigate the current global status of military ocular injury for the purpose of improving the level of domestic epidemiological investigation,in order to improve treatment strategies,and to prevent and reduce the incidence of military ocular injury in Chinese PLA.Methods The epidemiological literature concerning military ocular injury occurring in our country and abroad in recent five years was retrieved by information research;the problems and experiences in the aspects of epidemiological survey,registry,data collection,systematic treatment and prevention of military ocular injury existed in PLA were also summarized and analyzed.Results There were currently no systematic epidemiological data about ocular injury in PLA.A few articles about epidemiological study on ocular injury showed that servicemen were the high risk population of ocular injury.Both in peacetime or wartime the ocular injury was the primary cause leading to monocular blindness of soldiers.As to the ocular injury,in 51.55% of the patients,it occurred in the military operations and work,and 30.31% in military training.The incidence of ocular injury was different in various services,for example,the incidence in the internal security forces of armed police could be as high as 78.85% due to training of martial arts and boxing and wrestling.The deficiency of microsurgery equipments and untimely evacuation were the main causes affecting prognosis during treatment course in primary military hospitals.Conclusions Military affairs,physical training,military maneuver and defense constructions are the main causes of ocular injury in servicemen,and young male soldiers are the main group for prevention and treatment for military ocular injury.More attention should be paid to the epidemiological survey of military ocular injury to find out the causes leading to ocular injury,to improve treatment strategies,to formulate feasible protective measures and then military ocular

Screening athletes with Down syndrome for ocular disease.

Science.gov (United States)

Gutstein, Walter; Sinclair, Stephen H; North, Rachel V; Bekiroglu, N

2010-02-01

Persons with Down syndrome are well known to have a high prevalence of vision and eye health problems, many of which are undetected or untreated primarily because of infrequent ocular examinations. Public screening programs, directed toward the pediatric population, have become more popular and commonly use letter or symbol charts. This study compares 2 vision screening methods, the Lea Symbol chart and a newly developed interactive computer program, the Vimetrics Central Vision Analyzer (CVA), in their ability to identify ocular disease in the Down syndrome population. Athletes with Down syndrome participating in the European Special Olympics underwent an ocular screening including history, auto-refraction, colour vision assessment, stereopsis assessment, motility assessment, pupil reactivity, and tonometry testing, as well as anterior segment and fundus examinations to evaluate for ocular disease. Visual acuity was tested with the Lea chart and CVA to evaluate these as screening tests for detecting ocular disease as well as significant, uncorrected refractive errors. Among the 91 athletes that presented to the screening, 79 (158 eyes) were sufficiently cooperative for the examination to be completed. Mean age was 26 years +/-10.8 SD. Significant, uncorrected refractive errors (>/=1.00 spherical equivalent) were detected in 28 (18%) eyes and ocular pathology in 51 (32%) eyes. The Lea chart sensitivity and specificity were 43% and 74%, respectively, for detecting ocular pathology and 58% and 100% for detecting uncorrected refractive errors. The CVA sensitivity and specificity were 70% and 86% for detecting pathology and 71% and 100% for detecting uncorrected refractive errors. This study confirmed the findings of prior studies in identifying a significant presence of uncorrected refractive errors and ocular pathology in the Down syndrome population. Screening with the Lea symbol chart found borderline sufficient sensitivity and specificity for the test to be used

Work-related ocular injuries in Johor Bahru, Malaysia

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Nyo Nyo Min

2016-03-01

Full Text Available AIM:To describe the epidemiology of work-related ocular injuries and its visual outcome in tertiary hospital in southern Malaysia. METHODS:Retrospective review of medical records of patients diagnosed as work-related ocular injuries who attended to the eye casualty of Hospital Sultan Ismail in Johor Bahru, Malaysia from Jan. 2011 to Dec. 2013. Data for clinical presentation, types of injuries, use of eye protective device(EPDand visual outcome were collected using a standardized proforma.RESULTS: A total of 935 ocular injuries attended to Hospital Sultan Ismail during 3y period. Among them 440 cases were work-related ocular injuries and included in the study. There was significant male preponderance(98.19%and commonest age group affected was 21 to 30y(45%. The most common type of injury was superficial injuries(70.91%, followed by chemical(11.13%, open globe(8.41%, closed globe(6.83%and thermal(2.72%. Although Malays are commonly involved in work-related ocular injury accounted for 78.47%, two-thirds of open globe injuries were seen in foreign workers. Only 59 patients(13.41%reported that they wore EPD at the time of incident. Generally, 89.86%(n=399had good vision, 5.45%(n=24had moderate vision and 3.86%(n=17poor vision. Visual outcome related to specific types of injuries showed that poor outcome was higher in open globe injuries groups compared with closed globe injuries \\〖odd ratio(OR=3.33, 95% confidence interval(CI=0.68 to 16.33\\〗. Overall hospital attendance rate of work-related ocular trauma ranged from 20.7 to 51.9 per 1000 new cases and decline of approximately 1.5% per year(PCONCLUSION: Work-related ocular trauma is important cause of ocular morbidity in working forces particularly young men. Malay males between 21 to 40y have higher risk. Majority of work-related ocular trauma seen in our hospital are generally of superficial injuries and potentially preventable. This study indicates they need to improve safety measures to

Avaliação da composição molecular da cápsula anterior da lente de cães idosos com catarata de alto risco

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Ana Paula Hvenegaard

Full Text Available Resumo: Atualmente, a cápsula anterior e o epitélio da lente tem sido cada vez mais estudados, com o intuito de reduzir as possíveis complicações do pós-operatório da remoção da catarata, tal como a opacidade da cápsula posterior, alteração ocasionada principalmente pela diferenciação e migração das células do epitélio lenticular para a cápsula posterior da lente. O objetivo deste estudo foi analisar a composição molecular da cápsula anterior da lente pela técnica histoquímica de PAS (avaliação de proteoglicanos e picrosirius red (avaliação de colágeno IV, em cães idosos com catarata diabética e não diabética do tipo hipermadura, submetidos ao uso ou não de azul de tripano a 0,1 % durante a facoemulsificação. Vinte e sete cães foram estudados, incluindo 21 fêmeas e 6 machos, de 8 a 12 anos de idade (média = 9,6 anos, de diversas raças e divididos em 2 grupos: GC (catarata hipermadura e GCD (catarata diabética. Os resultados das análises realizadas mostraram que ambas as amostras, tanto as provenientes das cataratas hipermaduras, quanto das diabéticas, apresentam semelhante composição molecular de proteoglicanos e colágeno IV e isto independente da utilização de azul de tripano a 0,1 %. Conclui-se, portanto, que se os resultados obtidos forem decorrentes de alterações provocadas pelo rápido metabolismo da catarata diabética e pela cronicidade da catarata hipermadura sugere-se que o comprometimento da estrutura capsular seja de intensidade equivalente e, por consequência, que isto também possa prejudicar o metabolismo das células do epitélio anterior da lente, diminuindo assim a incidência da opacidade da cápsula posterior de cães com catarata diabética e hipermadura submetidos à facoemulsificação.

The spatial resolution of the porcine multifocal electroretinogram for detection of laser-induced retinal lesions

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Kyhn, Maria Voss; Kiilgaard, Jens Folke; Scherfig, Erik

2008-01-01

This study aimed to investigate the spatial resolution of a porcine multifocal electroretinogram (mfERG) protocol by testing its ability to detect laser-induced retinal lesions. Furthermore, we wanted to describe time-dependent changes in implicit time and amplitude of the different mfERG peaks...

Hospital-based ocular emergencies: epidemiology, treatment, and visual outcomes.

Science.gov (United States)

Cheung, Cindy A; Rogers-Martel, Melanie; Golas, Liliya; Chepurny, Anna; Martel, James B; Martel, Joseph R

2014-03-01

Ocular trauma is recognized as the leading cause of unilateral blindness. However, few studies to date have focused on the clinical features of hospital-based ocular emergencies. Effectiveness of trauma centers in treating ocular emergencies was compared with treatment in traditional community hospital emergency departments. Demographics, causes, and nature of ocular emergencies, as well as visual outcome in community hospitals emergency departments and trauma centers, were also examined. Records of 1027 patients with ocular emergencies seen between July 2007 and November 2010 at 3 community hospitals emergency departments and 2 hospitals with level II trauma centers were retrospectively examined. Unpaired t test and Pearson χ(2) test were used to determine statistical significance. The incidence of patients requiring ophthalmic intervention was 77.2 per 100 000 in the community hospitals and 208.9 per 100 000 in the trauma centers. Rates of ocular emergencies were higher in middle-aged, white men. Orbital fractures were found in 86% of all orbital contusion cases in trauma centers, whereas 66.7% of patients with fall injuries and open globe diagnoses resulted in legal blindness. The middle-aged, white men are more vulnerable to ocular injuries caused mainly by motor vehicle accidents. The ability of trauma centers to provide comparable increases in vision outcomes, despite treating more severe ocular emergencies, demonstrates the effectiveness of trauma centers. Patients diagnosed as having orbital contusions or who have fall injuries deserve careful evaluation because they are more likely to have more severe sight-threatening injuries. Copyright © 2014 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Sonographic measurements of ocular biometry of indigenous ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

This study was aimed at conducting ophthalmic sonographic examination of Nigerian indigenous dogs to provide baseline information on some major ocular parameters. Healthy eyes of eighty (80) indigenous dogs were used for the study. The dogs were adequately restrained physically and the structure of the ocular ...

Subjective evaluation of uncorrected vision in patients undergoing cataract surgery with (diffractive multifocal lenses and monovision

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Stock RA

2017-07-01

Full Text Available Ricardo Alexandre Stock, Thaís Thumé, Luan Gabriel Paese, Elcio Luiz Bonamigo Universidade do Oeste de Santa Catarina, Rua Getúlio Vargas, Joaçaba, Santa Catarina, Brazil Purpose: To analyze patient satisfaction and difficulties with bilateral multifocal intraocular lenses (IOLs implantation and aspheric monofocal IOLs implantation using monovision, after cataract surgery.Materials and methods: A total of 61 participants were included in the study, 29 with monovision and 32 with multifocal lenses. The inclusion criteria were patients undergoing phacoemulsification for bilateral visual impairment due to cataracts and presenting with postoperative visual acuity of 20/30 or better for distance and line J3 or better for near vision.Results: The 2 groups had similar results regarding difficulties with daily activities such as distance vision, near vision, watching television, reading, cooking, using a computer or cellphone, shaving/putting on makeup and shopping. There were differences in responses between the groups regarding difficulty with night vision (P=0.0565 and night driving (P=0.0291. Degree of satisfaction in terms of distance vision without glasses was statistically significantly better in monovision group (P=0.0332, but not for near (P=0.9101.Conclusion: Both techniques yielded satisfactory results regarding visual acuity for different activities without the need to use glasses. Multifocal lenses are a good option for patients with the exception of night driving, and who desire independence from glasses. Keywords: cataract extraction, aphakia, postcataract, patient satisfaction, night vision

Multiple transfused thalassemia major: Ocular manifestations in a hospital-based population

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Taneja Rashi

2010-01-01

Full Text Available Purpose: To study the ocular manifestations in multiple transfused beta-thalassemia major patients and assess the ocular side-effects of iron chelating agents. Materials and Methods: In this prospective observational study, 45 multiple transfused beta-thalassemia major children between six months and 21 years of age were enrolled and assigned groups according to the treatment regimens suggested. Group A received only blood transfusions, Group B blood transfusions with subcutaneous desferrioxamine, Group C blood transfusions with desferrioxamine and oral deferriprone and Group D blood transfusions with deferriprone. Ocular status at the time of enrolment was documented. Subjects were observed quarterly for one year for changes in ocular status arising due to the disease process and due to iron chelation therapy. Children with hemoglobinopathies other than beta-thalassemia major, congenital ocular anomalies and anemia due to other causes were excluded. Results: Ocular involvement was observed in 58% of patients. Lenticular opacities were the most common ocular finding (44%, followed by decreased visual acuity (33%. An increased occurrence of ocular changes was observed with increase of serum ferritin and serum iron levels as well as with higher number of blood transfusions received. Desferrioxamine seemed to have a protective influence on retinal pigment epithelium (RPE mottling. Occurrence of lenticular opacities and RPE degeneration correlated positively with use of desferrioxamine and deferriprone respectively. Follow-up of patients for one year did not reveal any change in ocular status. Conclusion: Regular ocular examinations can aid in preventing, delaying or ameliorating the ocular complications of thalassemia.

Staphylococcus aureus ocular infection: methicillin-resistance, clinical features, and antibiotic susceptibilities.

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Chih-Chun Chuang

Full Text Available BACKGROUND: Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA infection is an important public health issue. The study aimed to determine the prevalence of ocular infections caused by MRSA and to identify the clinical characteristics and antibiotic susceptibility of ocular MRSA infections by comparing those of ocular methicillin-sensitive S. aureus (MSSA infections. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: The medical records of the patients (n = 519 with culture-proven S. aureus ocular infections seen between January 1, 1999 and December 31, 2008 in Chang Gung Memorial Hospital were retrospectively reviewed. Two hundred and seventy-four patients with MRSA and 245 with MSSA ocular infections were identified. The average rate of MRSA in S. aureus infections was 52.8% and the trend was stable over the ten years (P value for trend  = 0.228. MRSA ocular infections were significantly more common among the patients with healthcare exposure (P = 0.024, but 66.1% (181/274 patients with MRSA ocular infections had no healthcare exposure. The most common clinical presentation for both MRSA and MSSA ocular infections was keratitis; MRSA and MSSA caused a similar disease spectrum except for lid infections. MRSA was significantly more resistant than MSSA to clindamycin, erythromycin and sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim (all P<0.001. CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE: We demonstrated a paralleled trend of ocular MRSA infection in a highly prevalent MRSA country by hospital-based survey. Except for lid disorder, MRSA shared similar spectrum of ocular pathology with MSSA. Since S. aureus is a common ocular pathogen, our results raise clinician's attention to the existence of highly prevalent MRSA.

Prosthetic management of an ocular defect

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Siddesh Kumar Chintal

2010-01-01

Full Text Available The disfigurement associated with the loss of an eye can cause significant physical and emotional problems. Various treatment modalities are available, one of which is implants. Although implant has a superior outcome, it may not be advisable in all patients due to economic factors. The present article describes the prosthetic management of an ocular defect with a custom-made ocular prosthesis.

Tratamento conservador em retinoblastoma intra-ocular Conservative treatment for intraocular retinoblastoma

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Clélia Maria Erwenne

2003-12-01

Full Text Available OBJETIVO: Relatar os índices de conservação do globo ocular após tratamento com carboplatina e laser associados ou não a outras formas de tratamento local e radioterapia quando necessário. MÉTODO: Os olhos, virgens de qualquer tratamento, foram inicialmente estadiados, por oftalmoscopia indireta sob narcose ambulatorial, segundo Reese & Ellsworth e os pacientes submetidos à avaliação clínica por pediatra oncologista. Iniciou-se a administração do primeiro ciclo de quimioterapia com carboplatina 200 mg/m², vincristina 1,5 mg/m² e etoposida 150 mg/m² por via endovenosa em 3 dias. Seguiram-se outros ciclos sendo o intervalo entre eles de 21 a 28 dias. De 7 a 15 dias do término do ciclo de quimioterapia, nova oftalmoscopia indireta sob narcose ambulatorial era realizada com descrição dos achados e aplicação de hipertermia por laser Diodo 810 nm, pulso contínuo, e "large spot". O procedimento (quimioterapia e laser foi repetido até completa cicatrização total das lesões ou até que se observasse necessidade de outra modalidade terapêutica como a radioterapia ou a enucleação. Controles periódicos bimensais no primeiro ano e trimestrais nos seguintes foram realizados para reavaliação e tratamento de novas lesões ou recidivas. Acompanhamento clínico por oncologista pediatra foi realizado durante todo o tratamento e seguimento. RESULTADOS: Foram tratados 62 pacientes portadores de RB (32M/30F, 15 unilaterais e 47 bilaterais (total de 107 olhos. A média de idade foi 16,9 meses (2,6 a 71,4. Em 5 pacientes administrou-se 4 ciclos de quimioterapia, nos demais foram necessários mais que 4 e até 8 ciclos. Em 34 olhos não se pode evitar o uso de radioterapia. O tempo médio de seguimento foi de 26,8 meses (5 a 60. Entre os bilaterais os índices de conservação, segundo os estádios de Reese & Ellsworth foram: I 10/11 (90,9%; II 8/9 (88,8%; III 10/10 (100,0%; IV 3/8 (37,5%; V 14/54 (25,9%. Considerando-se o total de

Multifocal osteolysis following limb-sparing procedures: imaging findings and a review of the literature

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Kaste, S.C.; Rao, B.N.; Lynch, M.H.; Parham, D.M.; Meyer, W.H.

1996-01-01

Limb-sparing procedures utilizing endoprostheses improve both the quality of life and functional level of patients treated for primary bone sarcomas. Herein, we present the imaging findings of an uncommon cause of prosthetic failure, i. e., foreign body reaction, manifested by progressive multifocal osteolysis along the prosthetic femoral shaft. (orig.). With 3 figs

Preventing falls in older multifocal glasses wearers by providing single-lens distance glasses: the protocol for the VISIBLE randomised controlled trial

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Lee Bonsan B

2009-03-01

Full Text Available Abstract Background Recent research has shown that wearing multifocal glasses increases the risk of trips and falls in older people. The aim of this study is to determine whether the provision of single-lens distance glasses to older multifocal glasses wearers, with recommendations for wearing them for walking and outdoor activities, can prevent falls. We will also measure the effect of the intervention on health status, lifestyle activities and fear of falling, as well as the extent of adherence to the program. Methods/Design Approximately 580 older people who are regular wearers of multifocal glasses people will be recruited. Participants will be randomly allocated to either an intervention group (provision of single lens glasses, with counselling and advice about appropriate use or a control group (usual care. The primary outcome measure will be falls (measured with 13 monthly calendars. Secondary measures will be quality of life, falls efficacy, physical activity levels and adverse events. Discussions The study will determine the impact of providing single-lens glasses, with advice about appropriate use, on preventing falls in older regular wearers of multifocal glasses. This pragmatic intervention, if found to be effective, will guide practitioners with regard to recommending appropriate glasses for minimising the risk of falls in older people. Trial Registration The protocol for this study was registered with the Clinical Trials.gov Protocol Registration System on June 7th 2006 (#350855.

The Effects of Hashimoto Thyroiditis on Lymph Node Metastases in Unifocal and Multifocal Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma: A Retrospective Chinese Cohort Study.

Science.gov (United States)

Zhu, Feng; Shen, Yi Bin; Li, Fu Qiang; Fang, Yun; Hu, Liang; Wu, Yi Jun

2016-02-01

The purpose of this study was to investigate the risk factors for central and lateral neck lymph node metastases in papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) and multifocal papillary thyroid carcinoma (MPTC), particularly when associated with Hashimoto thyroiditis (HT).A retrospective analysis of 763 consecutive patients who underwent total thyroidectomy with bilateral central neck dissection in the First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University between October 2011 and October 2014 was conducted. All patients had formal histological diagnoses of HT. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was performed to identify risk factors of neck lymph node metastases.Our study identified 277 PTC patients with HT and showed comparatively low rates of central lymph node metastases (CLNM) compared with the PTC patients without HT (37.2% versus 54.7%, P thyroid peroxidase antibody >140 IU/mL was established as the most sensitive and specific level for the prediction of MPTC based on receiver operating characteristic curve analyses. Thyroid peroxidase antibody, age, tumor size, and multifocality exhibited the ability to predict CLNM in PTC with HT patients with an area under the curve of 81.1% based on a multivariate model.Hashimoto thyroiditis was associated with increased prevalences of multifocality and capsular invasion. In contrast, HT was associated with a reduced risk of CLNM in PTC and MPTC patients, which indicated a potential protective effect. We found that the prognostic prediction model was applicable for predicting multifocality and CLNM in PTC patients with HT.

OCULAR FINDINGS IN CHILDREN WITH CEREBRAL PALSY ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

Cerebral palsy is commonly associated with ocular abnormalities which often impact on their development and education. There is paucity of studies on this in Nigeria. We decided to study/ determine the prevalence of ocular abnormalities among children with cerebral palsy that attended the neurology clinic of University of ...

Ocular Manifestations of Mosquito-Transmitted Diseases.

Science.gov (United States)

Karesh, James W; Mazzoli, Robert A; Heintz, Shannon K

2018-03-01

Of the 3,548 known mosquito species, about 100 transmit human diseases. Mosquitoes are distributed globally throughout tropical and temperate regions where standing water sources are available for egg laying and the maturation of larva. Female mosquitoes require blood meals for egg production. This is the main pathway for disease transmission. Mosquitoes carry several pathogenic organisms responsible for significant ocular pathology and vision loss including West Nile, Rift Valley, chikungunya, dengue viruses, various encephalitis viruses, malarial parasites, Francisella tularensis, microfilarial parasites, including Dirofilaria, Wuchereria, and Brugia spp., and human botfly larvae. Health care providers may not be familiar with many of these mosquito-transmitted diseases or their associated ocular findings delaying diagnosis, treatment, and recovery of visual function. This article aims to provide an overview of the ocular manifestations associated with mosquito-transmitted diseases.

Chimeric immune receptors (CIRs) specific to JC virus for immunotherapy in progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML)

NARCIS (Netherlands)

W. Yang; E.L. Beaudoin; L. Lu; R.A. Du Pasquier (Renaud); M.J. Kuroda; R.A. Willemsen (Ralph); I.J. Koralnik; R.P. Junghans

2007-01-01

textabstractProgressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML) is a deadly brain disease caused by the polyomavirus JC (JCV). The aim of this study is to develop 'designer T cells' armed with anti-JCV TCR-based chimeric immune receptors (CIRs) by gene modification for PML immunotherapy. Two T cell

The ocular complications of boxing.

Science.gov (United States)

Giovinazzo, V J; Yannuzzi, L A; Sorenson, J A; Delrowe, D J; Cambell, E A

1987-06-01

In cooperation with the New York State Athletic Commission, 74 boxers applying for a new or yearly renewal license were sequentially referred over a 2-year period for a complete dilated ocular examination at the Sports Vision Institute of the Manhattan Eye, Ear and Throat Hospital. At least one ocular injury was found in 66% of boxers. Vision-threatening injuries, defined as significant damage to the angle, lens, macula, or peripheral retina occurred in 58% of boxers. Nineteen percent of boxers had angle abnormalities. Nineteen percent of boxers had pathologic cataracts, over 70% of these were posterior subcapsular. Six boxers had macular lesions. A total of 24% of boxers had retinal tears. Standardized photographs were used to distinguish pathologic cataracts from congenital opacities and pathologic retinal tears from atrophic holes. Attempts were made to identify risk factors in boxing that might be predictive for ocular injury. Variables included age, weight division, left- or right-handedness, total number of losses, and total number of bouts. Significant correlations were found between the total number of bouts and the total number of losses, and the presence of retinal tears. College varsity athletes were selected as controls. Significant differences were found between boxers and controls for the total number of injuries, total vision-threatening injuries, and the number of retinal tears. A series of recommendations are proposed to aide in the early detection and prevention of serious ocular injuries.

Individualized laparoscopic B-ultrasound-guided microwave ablation for multifocal primary liver cancer.

Science.gov (United States)

Xu, Zhifeng; Yang, Zhangwei; Pan, Jianghua; Hu, Yiren

2018-03-01

Liver cancer is one of the most common malignancies of the digestive system. Minimally invasive ablation procedures have become one of the major means for treating unresectable multifocal liver cancer and have been extensively applied in primary and metastatic liver cancer treatment. Laparoscopic B-ultrasound-guided microwave ablation is an example of the progress made in this field. To analyze and summarize the results of and experience with laparoscopic B-ultrasound-guided microwave ablation for multifocal primary liver cancer; moreover, the ablation effects were compared between tumors of different sizes. Laparoscope-guided needle ablation was conducted on 84 lesions from 32 patients with primary liver cancer based on tumor size, quantity, and location. Moreover, the perioperative data, ablation effects according to tumor size, and long-term follow-up results were analyzed. Among the 84 nodules treated via microwave ablation, tumors measuring ≤ 3 cm demonstrated complete ablation upon imaging analysis conducted 1 month after surgery. Moreover, 5 of the tumors measuring > 3 cm demonstrated incomplete ablation. In these cases, a second procedure was performed, until imaging studies confirmed that complete ablation was achieved. Laparoscopic microwave ablation allows for precise puncture positioning, an effective ablation range, and safe and feasible surgery, which is especially suitable for liver tumors located in sites difficult to access.

Impacto da análise do 'wavefront' na refratometria de pacientes com ceratocone

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Renato Ambrósio Junior

2011-02-01

Full Text Available OBJETIVO: Verificar se a aberrometria ocular total (análise da frente de onda ou 'wavefront' possibilita melhora na acuidade visual corrigida (AVc com lentes esfero-cilíndricas, obtida com a refratometria manifesta em casos de ceratocone com algum grau de intolerância ao uso de lentes de contato. MÉTODOS: Os prontuários de 46 pacientes (89 olhos, referidos com diagnóstico de ceratocone e intolerantes ao uso de lentes de contato, submetidos ao exame de aberrometria ocular total seguido de refração manifesta, foram estudados de forma retrospectiva. A AVc (logMAR com a correção existente antes do exame foi comparada com a obtida com a nova refração manifesta, realizada considerando-se os dados objetivos da aberrometria. O teste não-paramétrico de Wilcoxon para amostras pareadas foi utilizado para verificação de diferenças estatisticamente significantes na AVc. RESULTADOS: Houve uma melhora estatisticamente significante na AVc com a nova refração manifesta (p<0,0001. A AVc média passou de 0,37 ou 20/47 (variando entre 1,3 e 0; desvio padrão[DP]=0,25 com a refração prévia para 0,23 ou 20/34 (variando entre 1 e 0,1; DP=0,21. Cinquenta e dois olhos (58,4% de 28 pacientes apresentaram melhora na AVc com a nova refração. A melhora média foi de 0,13 logMAR (1,3 linhas na tabela de Snellen, variando entre nula e 0,6 (6 linhas, com desvio padrão de 0,16. Oito pacientes apresentaram anisometropia significativa que limitou a prescrição de óculos em um dos olhos. CONCLUSÃO: A aberrometria facilitou a refratometria, determinando melhora significativa na acuidade visual corrigida com as lentes esfero-cilíndricas de pacientes com ceratocone intolerantes ao uso de lentes de contato. A anisometropia foi um fator limitante na prescrição de óculos.

Efeito de drogas utilizadas no tratamento de hipertensão arterial sistêmica sobre a pressão intra-ocular: estudo experimental no cão

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Hashimoto Mitsuo

2002-01-01

Full Text Available Objetivo: Estudar os efeitos de duas drogas utilizadas no tratamento de hipertensão arterial sistêmica (captopril e propranolol sobre a pressão intra-ocular (PIO e pressão de perfusão (PP em cães anestesiados. Métodos: Foram estudados 24 cães, divididos em 3 grupos de 8. No primeiro grupo (GI, foi administrado captopril (um inibidor da enzima conversora de angiotensina na dose de 1,5 mg/kg por via endovenosa. No segundo grupo (GII, foi administrado propranolol (um beta-bloqueador na dose de 1,5 mg/kg por via endovenosa. O terceiro grupo (GIII foi o grupo controle. A PIO e a pressão arterial média (PAm foram medidas por manometria. A pressão de perfusão (PP foi calculada pela diferença entre a PAm e a PIO. A freqüência cardíaca (FC foi monitorada com oxímetro de pulso. Os parâmetros foram estudados em 6 momentos (0, 10, 30, 60, 90 e 120 minutos. Resultados: Houve redução estatisticamente significativa da PIO (p<0,05 nos grupos em que foram administrados captopril e propranolol, sem diferença entre as drogas. Com captopril, houve redução da PAm e da PP aos 10 e 30 minutos. Com propranolol, não houve redução da PAm ou da PP. Conclusão: Houve redução da PIO com uso do captopril e também do propranolol. Entretanto, a redução acentuada da PAm e da PP causadas pelo captopril, podem ser indesejáveis para a irrigação do nervo óptico.

Testing the biocompatibility of a glutathione-containing intra-ocular irrigation solution by using an isolated perfused bovine retina organ culture model - an alternative to animal testing.

Science.gov (United States)

Januschowski, Kai; Zhour, Ahmad; Lee, Albert; Maddani, Ramin; Mueller, Sebastien; Spitzer, Martin S; Schnichels, Sven; Schultheiss, Maximilian; Doycheva, Deshka; Bartz-Schmidt, Karl-Ulrich; Szurman, Peter

2012-03-01

The effects of a glutathione-containing intra-ocular irrigation solution, BSS Plus©, on retinal function and on the survival of ganglion cells in whole-mount retinal explants were studied. Evidence is provided that the perfused ex vivo bovine retina can serve as an alternative to in vivo animal testing. Isolated bovine retinas were prepared and perfused with an oxygen-saturated standard irrigation solution, and an electroretinogram was recorded to assess retinal function. After stable b-waves were detected, the isolated retinas were perfused with BSS Plus for 45 minutes. To investigate the effects of BSS Plus on photoreceptor function, 1mM aspartate was added to the irrigation solution in order to obtain a-waves, and the ERG trace was monitored for 75 minutes. For histological analysis, isolated whole retinal mounts were stored for 24 hours at 4°C, in the dark. The percentages of cell death in the retinal ganglion cell layer and in the outer and inner nuclear layers were estimated by using an ethidium homodimer-1 stain and the TUNEL assay. General swelling of the retina was examined with high-resolution optical coherence tomography. During perfusion with BSS Plus, no significant changes in a-wave and b-wave amplitudes were recorded. Retinas stored for 24 hours in BSS Plus showed a statistically significant smaller percentage (52.6%, standard deviation [SD] = 16.1%) of cell death in the retinal ganglion cell layer compared to the control group (69.6%, SD = 3.9, p = 0.0031). BSS Plus did not seem to affect short-term retinal function, and had a beneficial effect on the survival of retinal ganglion cells. This method for analysing the isolated perfused retina represents a valuable alternative for testing substances for their retinal biocompatibility and toxicity. 2012 FRAME.

Comparison of T stage, N stage, multifocality, and bilaterality in papillary thyroid carcinoma patients according to the presence of coexisting lymphocytic thyroiditis.

Science.gov (United States)

Park, Jin Young; Kim, Dong Wook; Park, Ha Kyung; Ha, Tae Kwun; Jung, Soo Jin; Kim, Do Hun; Bae, Sang Kyun

2015-01-01

This study aimed to assess the relationship between coexisting lymphocytic thyroiditis and T-N stages of papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) by histopathological analysis. The study included 653 patients who underwent thyroid surgery for PTC at our hospital. Each case was classified as either Hashimoto's thyroiditis (HT), non-Hashimoto type of lymphocytic thyroiditis (NHLT), or normal according to the histopathology of thyroid parenchyma. Patient age, gender, surgical modality, location, T stage, N stage, multifocality and bilaterality were compared according to the histopathology. The prevalence of coexisting lymphocytic thyroiditis was 25.8% (169/653); HT (7.5%, 49/653) and NHLT (18.3%, 120/653). There were no significant differences in T stage, N stage, multifocality and bilaterality with regard to coexisting lymphocytic thyroiditis, regardless of whether HT and NHLT were considered collectively or discretely. Primary tumor size (p thyroiditis did not differ from those with normal parenchyma in terms of T stage, N stage, multifocality and bilaterality.

Hipertensão ocular "mascarada" por edema de córnea após cirurgia da catarata Ocular hipertension confounded by corneal edema after cataract surgery

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Bruno de Freitas Valbon

2009-12-01

Full Text Available Com base em modelos matemáticos e estudos experimentais estima-se que as medidas da PIO sejam linearmente hiperestimadas em córneas com maior espessura e menor ceratometria por meio de tonometria de aplanação de Goldmann (TAG. Entretanto, tal influência se dá de uma maneira mais complexa que a prevista por estes parâmetros geométricos, sendo diretamente relacionada com propriedades biomecânicas. O sistema de não contato ORA (Ocular response analyzer Reichert permite estudo das propriedades biomecânicas juntamente com a medida pressórica calibrada para a TAG e a compensada da córnea. Adicionalmente, o estudo tomográfico com reconstrução tridimensional do mapa paquimétrico caracteriza a córnea de forma mais completa que a ceratometria anterior e espessura central. Neste artigo, relatamos um caso de dor ocular, fotofobia e baixa visão, 28 dias após cirurgia de facoemulsificação com implante de lente intraocular sem complicações em paciente feminina de 81 anos. Na primeira visita da paciente, enquanto a TAG era de 16 mmHg, o valor da PIO compensada da córnea (PIOcc, obtido com o ORA, era 25,6 mmHg. A histerese e fator de resistência da córnea eram baixos, 4,1 e 6,1mmHg respectivamente, apesar da paquimetria central ser relativamente mais elevada, de 601 micra. O padrão de distribuição espacial da espessura era atenuado, compatível com edema corneano que era observado também por meio das imagens de Scheimpflug (Pentacam. Com base nestes dados, foi feito diagnóstico de quadro de uveíte hipertensiva, associado à edema corneano, instituindo-se tratamento tópico com combinação fixa de maleato de timolol e brimonidina associado ao acetato de prednisolona. Três semanas após, a paciente apresentou-se com grande melhora da acuidade visual, resolução do edema corneano, e dos sintomas, normalizando os parâmetros biomecânicos, geométricos da córnea e de PIO.Goldmann applanation tonometry (GAT overestimates

Method optimization of ocular patches

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Kamalesh Upreti

2012-01-01

Full Text Available The intraocular patches were prepared using gelatin as the polymer. Ocular patch were prepared by solvent casting method. The patches were prepared for six formulations GP1, GP2, GP3, GP4, GP5 and GP6. Petri dishes were used for formulation of ocular patch. Gelatin was used as a polymer of choice. Glutaraldehyde used as cross linking agent and (DMSO dimethylsulfoxide used as solubility enhancer. The elasticity depends upon the concentration of gelatin. 400 mg amount of polymer i.e gelatin gave the required elasticity for the formulation.

Ocular manifestations of systemic diseases

OpenAIRE

Andonegui, J.

2008-01-01

Existe un gran número de enfermedades sistémicas que pueden presentar en algún momento de su evolución manifestaciones oculares. Estas alteraciones pueden provocar sintomatología por sí mismas, pueden ayudar a diagnosticar la enfermedad sistémica que las originó o pueden servir para monitorizar el curso evolutivo de la misma. Se destacan las principales características de una serie de enfermedades sistémicas asociadas a patología ocular que serán estudiadas en detalle a lo largo de esta monog...

Ocular complications of diabetes mellitus

Institute of Scientific and Technical Information of China (English)

Nihat Sayin; Necip Kara; Gokhan Pekel

2015-01-01

Diabetes mellitus （DM） is a important health problemthat induces ernestful complications and it causessignificant morbidity owing to specific microvascularcomplications such as, retinopathy, nephropathy andneuropathy, and macrovascular complications such as,ischaemic heart disease, and peripheral vasculopathy.It can affect children, young people and adults and isbecoming more common. Ocular complications associatedwith DM are progressive and rapidly becoming theworld＇s most significant cause of morbidity and arepreventable with early detection and timely treatment.This review provides an overview of five main ocularcomplications associated with DM, diabetic retinopathyand papillopathy, cataract, glaucoma, and ocular surfacediseases.

Short-term comparison between extended depth-of-focus prototype contact lenses and a commercially-available center-near multifocal.

Science.gov (United States)

Tilia, Daniel; Munro, Anna; Chung, Jiyoon; Sha, Jennifer; Delaney, Shona; Kho, Danny; Thomas, Varghese; Ehrmann, Klaus; Bakaraju, Ravi Chandra

To compare the visual performance of prototype contact lenses which extend depth-of-focus (EDOF) by deliberate manipulation of multiple higher-order spherical aberration terms and a commercially-available center-near lens (AIR OPTIX Aqua Multifocal, AOMF). This was a prospective, cross-over, randomized, single-masked (participant), short-term clinical trial where 52 participants (age 45-70 years) were stratified as low, medium or high presbyopes and wore EDOF and AOMF on different days. Objective measures comprised high and low contrast visual acuity (HCVA/LCVA, logMAR), and contrast sensitivity (log units) at 6m; HCVA at 70cm, 50cm and 40cm and stereopsis (seconds of arc) at 40cm. HCVA at 70cm, 50cm and 40cm were measured as "comfortable acuity" rather than conventional resolution acuity. Subjective measures comprised clarity-of-vision and ghosting at distance, intermediate and near, overall vision satisfaction and ocular comfort (1-10 numeric rating scale) and lens purchase (yes/no response). Statistical analysis included repeated measures ANOVA, paired t-tests and McNemar's test. Significant differences between lens types were independent of strata (p≥0.119). EDOF was significantly better than AOMF for HCVA at 40cm (0.42±0.18 vs. 0.48±0.22, p=0.024), stereopsis (98±88 vs. 141±114, p<0.001), clarity-of-vision at intermediate (8.5±1.6 vs. 7.7±1.9, p=0.006) and near (7.3±2.5 vs. 6.2±2.5, p=0.005), lack-of-ghosting (p=0.012), overall vision satisfaction (7.5±1.7 vs. 6.4±2.2, p<0.001) and ocular comfort (9.0±1.0 vs. 8.3±1.7, p=0.002). Significantly more participants chose to only-purchase EDOF (33% vs. 6%, p=0.003).). There were no significant differences between lens types for any objective measure at 6m or clarity-of-vision at distance (p≥0.356). EDOF provides better intermediate and near vision performance in presbyopes than AOMF with no difference for distance vision during short-term wear. Copyright © 2016 Spanish General Council of Optometry

Locally aggressive and multifocal phosphaturic mesenchymal tumors: two unusual cases of tumor-induced osteomalacia.

Science.gov (United States)

Higley, Meghan; Beckett, Brooke; Schmahmann, Sandra; Dacey, Elizabeth; Foss, Erik

2015-12-01

Tumor-induced osteomalacia (TIO) has long been recognized as a clinical paraneoplastic syndrome. The identification of a unique histopathologic entity, the phosphaturic mesenchymal tumor (PMT), as a distinct etiology for TIO has been a more recent discovery. The majority of published cases describe a solitary, non-aggressive appearing soft tissue or osseous lesions in patients with osteomalacia; aggressive appearing or multifocal lesions appear to be exceedingly rare. These tumors characteristically secrete fibroblast growth factor 23 (FGF23). Elevated serum levels of FGF23 result in phosphate wasting and osteomalacia. In the majority of cases, laboratory abnormalities and clinical signs and symptoms of osteomalacia precede identification of the causative lesion by years. Following diagnosis, complete resection with wide margins to prevent local recurrence is most often curative. Imaging characteristics of PMT are diverse and remain incompletely defined, as the majority of previous publications are outside of the radiologic literature. We present multiple imaging modalities in two cases of patients with debilitating osteomalacia and unusual appearing PMTs: one with a locally aggressive lesion leading to pathologic fracture, the second presenting with exceedingly rare multifocal PMT.

Ocular trauma: A tertiary hospital experience from Oman

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Haitham H Al-Mahrouqi

2017-01-01

CONCLUSION: Ocular trauma is a common presentation at Al-Nahdha Hospital. Although the majority of trauma cases were minor without any resultant visual disability, OGI could have been prevented with better ocular protection in the workplace.

Methotrexate for ocular inflammatory diseases.

Science.gov (United States)

Gangaputra, Sapna; Newcomb, Craig W; Liesegang, Teresa L; Kaçmaz, R Oktay; Jabs, Douglas A; Levy-Clarke, Grace A; Nussenblatt, Robert B; Rosenbaum, James T; Suhler, Eric B; Thorne, Jennifer E; Foster, C Stephen; Kempen, John H

2009-11-01

To evaluate the outcome of treatment with methotrexate for noninfectious ocular inflammation. Retrospective cohort study. Patients with noninfectious ocular inflammation managed at 4 tertiary ocular inflammation clinics in the United States observed to add methotrexate as a single, noncorticosteroid immunosuppressive agent to their treatment regimen, between 1979 and 2007, inclusive. Participants were identified from the Systemic Immunosuppressive Therapy for Eye Diseases Cohort Study. Demographic and clinical characteristics, including dosage, route of administration of methotrexate, and main outcome measures, were obtained for every eye of every patient at every visit via medical record review by trained expert reviewers. Control of inflammation, corticosteroid-sparing effects, and incidence of and reason for discontinuation of therapy. Among 384 patients (639 eyes) observed from the point of addition of methotrexate to an anti-inflammatory regimen, 32.8%, 9.9%, 21.4%, 14.6%, 15.1%, and 6.3%, respectively, had anterior uveitis, intermediate uveitis, posterior or panuveitis, scleritis, ocular mucous membrane pemphigoid, and other forms of ocular inflammation. In these groups, complete suppression of inflammation sustained for >or=28 days was achieved within 6 months in 55.6%, 47.4%, 38.6%, 56.4%, 39.5%, and 76.7%, respectively. Corticosteroid-sparing success (sustained suppression of inflammation with prednisone Methotrexate was discontinued within 1 year by 42% of patients. It was discontinued owing to ineffectiveness in 50 patients (13%); 60 patients (16%) discontinued because of side effects, which typically were reversible with dose reduction or discontinuation. Remission was seen in 43 patients, with 7.7% remitting within 1 year of treatment. Our data suggest that adding methotrexate to an anti-inflammatory regimen not involving other noncorticosteroid immunosuppressive drugs is moderately effective for management of inflammatory activity and for achieving

OCULAR MANIFESTATIONS OF HEAD INJURIES

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Kanukollu Venkata Madusudana Rao

2016-12-01

Full Text Available BACKGROUND This prospective study aimed to evaluate the incidence of ocular manifestations in head injury and their correlation with the intracranial lesions. MATERIALS AND METHODS A total of 108 consecutive cases of closed head injury admitted in the neurosurgical ward of a tertiary teaching hospital underwent a thorough ophthalmic assessment. Clinical examination, radiological imaging and Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS were applied to grade the severity of injury. RESULTS Total number of 108 patients of head injury were examined of which 38 patients had ocular manifestations (35.18%. Of these, 85.18% were males, 84% of injuries were due to road traffic accidents and 16% were due to fall from a height. The ocular manifestations were as follows- Orbital complications were seen in 6 patients (15.8%. Anterior segment manifestations included black eyes seen in 10 patients (26.3%, subconjunctival haemorrhage in 10.5% of patients (4 patients, corneal involvement in 21% of patients (8 patients and pupillary involvement in 50% of patients (19 patients. Posterior segment manifestations were seen in 26.3% of patients (10 patients and were as follows- Purtscher’s retinopathy in 2 patients and optic atrophy in 5 patients. Cranial nerve palsies were seen in 15 patients (39.47% and supranuclear movement disorders were seen in 3 patients (8%. CONCLUSION Even though, neurosurgeons perform comprehensive clinical examination including eye examination, the main purpose is limited to aid topical diagnosis of neurological lesions. This study emphasises the importance of a detailed eye examination by an ophthalmologist to prevent irreversible visual loss in addition to aiding in the neurological diagnosis. Pupillary involvement, papilloedema and ocular motor paresis pointed to a more severe head injury. This observational prospective study helped us to correlate the severity of head injuries in association with ocular findings in patients admitted in neurosurgical ward

Epidemiological aspects of ocular superglue injuries

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Seyed Ali Tabatabaei

2016-02-01

Full Text Available AIM: To report the frequency, associated risk factors and characteristics of cases referred to Farabi Eye Hospital with ocular superglue injuries. METHODS: In a descriptive cross-sectional study conducted between December 2012 and February 2013, patients with ocular superglue injuries were evaluated. Age, sex, educational level, location, time, mechanism, type, site and time of eye injury were gathered through interview using a customized questionnaire. All participants had given consent to undergo thorough eye examination. RESULTS: Over the course of three months, 105 patients with ocular superglue injuries enrolled in the study, including 56(53.3% men and 49(46.7% women with the mean age of 24.7±11.6 (range, 2 to 53y. The right eye, left eye and both eyes were involved in 52%, 42% and 6% of the patients, respectively. Most of injuries had occurred at home (72.4% and at night (55%. More than half of patients (52.4% did not take any primary aids following the ocular injury. Patient carelessness (78.1%, childhood curiosity and lack of parental supervision (11.4%, storing superglue in inappropriate places and inadvertently using superglue as eye drops due to poor vision (2.9%, inadequate awareness of superglue applications [used to stick on artificial nails (3.8%, artificial eyelashes (1.9% and broken tooth (1%] and being assaulted with glue (1% were common risk factors. CONCLUSION: The frequency of ocular superglue injuries in patients referred to Farabi Eye Hospital is relatively high. This finding underlines the importance of public education and awareness about superglue injuries to the eye and taking protective measures and safety strategies in order to prevent these injures.

Measurement of normal ocular volume by the use of computed ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

Background: Reduction or increase in ocular volume may indicate ocular pathology. Unfortunately the reference values utilized for ocular volume had been that of non-Africans. It is therefore pertinent to have a reference value of normal for Africans. Objective: To document the computer tomography (CT) scan measured ...

Ocular findings after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation.

Science.gov (United States)

Tabbara, Khalid F; Al-Ghamdi, Ahmad; Al-Mohareb, Fahad; Ayas, Mouhab; Chaudhri, Naeem; Al-Sharif, Fahad; Al-Zahrani, Hazzaa; Mohammed, Said Y; Nassar, Amr; Aljurf, Mahmoud

2009-09-01

To study the incidence, causes, and outcome of major ocular complications in patients undergoing allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). Retrospective, noncomparative, observational clinical study. The study included a total of 620 patients who underwent allogeneic HSCT in the period from 1997 to 2007 at King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. Allogeneic HSCT. Patients with ocular complications were referred to the ophthalmology division for complete ophthalmologic examination, including visual acuity, tonometry, Schirmer test, biomicroscopy, and dilated ophthalmoscopy. Laboratory investigations were performed whenever indicated. The incidence and causes of major ocular complications after allogeneic HSCT were determined. Visual acuity at 1 year after allogeneic HSCT was recorded. Major ocular complications occurred in 80 (13%) of 620 patients who underwent allogeneic HSCT. There were 36 male patients (45%) and 44 female patients (55%) with a mean age of 29 years and an age range of 9 to 65 years. Prophylaxis for graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) consisted of cyclosporine and methotrexate in 69 patients, and cyclosporine, methotrexate and corticosteroids, or mycophenolate mofetil in 11 patients. The most frequently encountered ocular complications were chronic GVHD, dry eye syndrome without GVHD, corneal ulcers, cataract, glaucoma, cytomegalovirus retinitis, fungal endophthalmitis, and acquisition of allergic conjunctivitis from atopic donors. There was no correlation between the pattern of ocular complications and the transplanted stem cell source. Best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) at 1 year after transplantation was less than 20/200 in 13 patients (16%), less than 20/50 in 17 patients (21%), and better than 20/50 in 50 patients (63%). Ocular complications are common in patients undergoing allogeneic HSCT. Early recognition and prompt treatment are important. The author(s) have no proprietary or commercial

Imaging of chronic recurrent multifocal osteomyelitis of childhood first presenting with isolated primary spinal involvement

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Anderson, S.E.; Heini, P.; Kalbermatten, D.; Sauvain, M.J.; Stauffer, E.; Geiger, L.; Johnston, J.O.; Roggo, A.; Steinbach, L.S.

2003-01-01