Efeitos da laserterapia de baixa potência associada ou não a exercício excêntrico no tratamento de tendinopatia induzida do tendão calcanear comum de Ratos (Rattus norvegicus)

OpenAIRE

Silva, Micheline Ozana da

2013-01-01

A dissertação foi desenvolvida em dois subprojetos, sendo o primeiro intitulado Análises clínica e biomecânica do tendão calcanear comuns de ratos Wistar submetido à laserterapia associada ou não a exercício excêntrico , e o segundo Análise histomorfometrica do tendão calcanear comum de ratos Wistar tratado com laserterapia e exercício excêntrico . O primeiro subprojeto teve como objetivo avaliar o efeito da terapia com laser de baixa potência associada a exercício excêntrico (caminhada em ...

Estrategia Naos :

OpenAIRE

Pérez Sánchez, Ana Belén

2015-01-01

En el año 2005 se puso en marcha la Estrategia NAOS ( Estrategia para la Nutrición, Actividad Física y Prevención de la Obesidad) desde el Ministerio de Sanidad y consumo, a través de la Agencia Española de Seguridad Alimentaria y Nutrición, con el objetivo de sensibilizar a la población del problema que la obesidad representa para la salud y de impulsar todas las iniciativas que contribuyan a lograr que los ciudadanos, especialmente niños y jóvenes, adopten hábitos de v...

Uso combinado da laserterapia de baixa potência e da inibição da ciclooxigenase-2 na reepitelização de ferida incisional em pele de camundongos: um estudo pré-clínico

OpenAIRE

Santuzzi,Cíntia Helena; Buss,Hygor Franca; Pedrosa,Diego França; Freire,Martha Oliveira Vieira Moniz; Nogueira,Breno Valentim; Gonçalves,Washington Luiz Silva

2011-01-01

FUNDAMENTOS: A laserterapia de baixa potência e os inibidores seletivos da ciclooxigenase-2 (ICOX2) vem sendo muito utilizados para modular a resposta inflamatória, entretanto, os seus efeitos na reepitelização de feridas não são bem compreendidos. OBJETIVO: Avaliar os efeitos isolados e combinados da laserterapia de baixa potência e da ICOX2 na reepitelização de ferida incisional na pele de camundongos. MÉTODO: Foi induzida uma ferida de 1 cm no dorso de cada camundongo, que foram divididos ...

Robot NAO cantante

OpenAIRE

Caballero Pamos, Adrián

2016-01-01

En los últimos años la robótica ha experimentado un crecimiento exponencial incorporando todo tipo de funcionalidades. Introducir el mundo musical en los robots es una de ellas. En este Trabajo Fin de Grado se presenta el desarrollo de un sistema que permite al robot NAO leer una partitura, analizarla y reproducirla a modo de canto. La finalidad del trabajo es que el robot actúe como un intérprete frente a una partitura musical tal y como lo haría un humano. Debe ser capaz de interpretar cual...

Enfermedad neumocócica invasiva en niños de la Región de Murcia

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Espín M.I.

2002-01-01

Full Text Available Objetivo: La disponibilidad de una vacuna neumocócica conjugada plantea la necesidad de conocer la incidencia y características de la enfermedad neumocócica invasiva en niños de la Región de Murcia, con la finalidad de obtener información que pueda ser de utilidad para establecer adecuadamente las indicaciones de vacunación. Métodos: Se ha realizado una búsqueda retrospectiva de casos de enfermedad invasiva por Streptococcus pneumoniae en menores de 15 años de edad atendidos en hospitales de la Región de Murcia durante el período 1991-2000. Las fuentes de datos utilizadas han sido las bases de datos de los Servicios de Microbiología, el Conjunto Mínimo de Datos Básicos, registro de altas pediátricas y Registro EDO. Resultados: La tasa de incidencia para el período 1996-2000 fue, para los menores de 1 año, de 18,25 por 10(5 personas-año en el caso de enfermedad invasiva (10,6 para meningitis; para los menores de 2 años, de 13,6 para enfermedad invasiva (6 para meningitis; para menores de 5 años, de 8,9 (1,35 para meningitis, y para los menores de 15 años, de 3,7 (1,3 para meningitis. El 28% de los casos presentaba factores de riesgo. Las complicaciones alcanzaron el 35,2% y las secuelas el 5%. La letalidad fue del 11,8%. Los serogrupos prevalentes fueron el 19, el 6, el 18, el 5, el 14 y el 23. Conclusiones: El alto porcentaje de casos con factores de riesgo de enfermedad neumocócica invasiva aconseja la implantación de programas de vacunación dirigidos a todos los niños con factores de riesgo. La incidencia de enfermedad neumocócica invasiva encontrada en la Región de Murcia difiere de la de otras zonas geográficas; sin embargo, la incidencia de meningitis es similar a la de otros estudios. La gravedad de la enfermedad justifica la realización de estudios coste-efectividad para valorar la posible incorporación de la vacuna en el calendario vacunal.

Impacts of the EA and SCA patterns on the 20th century NAO-winter precipitation relationship in Europe

Science.gov (United States)

Comas-Bru, Laia; McDermott, Frank

2013-04-01

Much of the 20th century multi-decadal variability in the NAO-winter precipitation relationship over the N. Atlantic / European sector can be ascribed to the combined effects of the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) and either the East Atlantic pattern (EA) or the Scandinavian pattern (SCA). The NAO, EA and SCA indices employed here are defined as the three leading vectors of the cross-correlation matrix calculated from monthly sea-level pressure anomalies for 138 complete winters from the 20CRv2 dataset (Compo et al., 2011). Winter precipitation data over Europe for the entire 20th century is derived from the high resolution CRU-TS3.1 climate dataset (Mitchell and Jones, 2005). Here we document for the first time, that different NAO/EA and NAO/SCA combinations systematically influence winter precipitation conditions in Europe as a consequence of NAO dipole migrations. We find that the zero-correlated line of the NAO-winter precipitation relationship migrates southwards when the EA is in the opposite phase to the NAO. This can be related to a south-westwards migration of the NAO dipole under these conditions, as shown by teleconnectivity maps. Similarly, a clockwise movement of the NAO-winter climate correlated areas occurs when the phase of the SCA is opposite to that of the NAO, reflecting a clockwise movement of the NAO dipole under these conditions. An important implication of these migrations is that they influence the spatial and temporal stationarity of climate-NAO relationships. As a result, the link between winter precipitation patterns and the NAO is not straightforward in some regions such as the southern UK, Ireland and France. For instance, much of the inter-annual variability in the N-S winter precipitation gradient in the UK, originally attributed to inter-annual and inter-decadal variability of the NAO, reflects the migration of the NAO dipole, linked to linear combinations of the NAO and the EA. Our results indicate that when the N-S winter

Eficácia da laserterapia nas disfunções têmporo-mandibulares: estudo controle Lasertherapy efficacy in temporomandibular disorders: control study

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Thiago de Santana Santos

2010-06-01

Full Text Available A disfunção têmporo-mandibular é caracterizada pela presença de sintomatologia dolorosa articular/muscular na região da face. A principal justificativa do uso do laser da laserterapia na disfunção é seu efeito analgésico, fato observado na maioria dos estudos encontrados na literatura. OBJETIVO: Foi avaliar a eficácia da laserterapia no tratamento das disfunções têmporo-mandibulares. MATERIAL E MÉTODO: 50 voluntários com disfunção têmporo-mandibular foram divididos em dois grupos (controle e experimental tiveram as amplitudes dos movimentos de abertura bucal, lateralidade direita e esquerda registrados, antes e após aplicação do laser. Foi registrada, também, a nota de dor do indivíduo através da escala analógica visual de dor e, através do exame físico, os pontos álgicos. Utilizou-se o laser de AsGaAl com potência de 40mW, com 80J/cm², por 16 segundos, em quatro pontos selecionados por apenas uma sessão com reavaliação após uma semana. Desenho Científico Utilizado: Clínico. RESULTADOS: Notou-se que a laserterapia promoveu aumento da média de amplitude dos movimentos mandibulares (p=0,0317 e houve redução significativa (43,6% da intensidade de dor dos pacientes medida através da escala analógica visual de dor. CONCLUSÕES: A laserterapia promove redução da sintomatologia dolorosa do paciente após a aplicação por ação analgésica e/ou por um efeito placebo.Temporomandibular dysfunction is characterized by the presence of painful joint/muscular symptoms muscle in the face. The main justification for the use of lasers in laser therapy dysfunction is its analgesic effect, which was observed in most studies in the literature. AIM: We evaluated the effectiveness of laser therapy in the treatment of temporomandibular disorders. METHODS: 50 volunteers with temporomandibular disorders were divided into two groups (control and experimental had amplitudes of movements of mouth opening, right and left

Influences of North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) on warm season temperature and crop yields in the southwestern US

Science.gov (United States)

Myoung, B.; Kim, S.; Kim, J.; Kafatos, M.

2013-12-01

Despite advancements in agricultural technology, agricultural productivity remains vulnerable to extreme meteorological conditions. This study has found significant impacts of North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) on extreme temperatures and in turn on crop yields in the Southwestern United States (SW US) region. Analyses of multi-year data of observed temperatures and simulated maize yields reveal that NAO affects positively the daily temperature maxima and minima in the green-up periods (March-June) and that the response of maize yields to NAO varies according to the climatological mean temperatures. In warmer regions, a combination of above-normal NAO in the planting periods and below-normal NAO in the growing periods is favorable for high maize yields by reducing extremely cold days during the planting periods and extremely hot days in the later periods, respectively. In colder regions, continuously above-normal NAO conditions favor higher yields via above normal thermal conditions. Results in this study suggest that NAO predictions can benefit agricultural planning in SW US.

Sharpest Ever VLT Images at NAOS-CONICA "First Light"

Science.gov (United States)

2001-12-01

Very Promising Start-Up of New Adaptive Optics Instrument at Paranal Summary A team of astronomers and engineers from French and German research institutes and ESO at the Paranal Observatory is celebrating the successful accomplishment of "First Light" for the NAOS-CONICA Adaptive Optics facility . With this event, another important milestone for the Very Large Telescope (VLT) project has been passed. Normally, the achievable image sharpness of a ground-based telescope is limited by the effect of atmospheric turbulence. However, with the Adaptive Optics (AO) technique, this drawback can be overcome and the telescope produces images that are at the theoretical limit, i.e., as sharp as if it were in space . Adaptive Optics works by means of a computer-controlled, flexible mirror that counteracts the image distortion induced by atmospheric turbulence in real time. The larger the main mirror of the telescope is, and the shorter the wavelength of the observed light, the sharper will be the images recorded. During a preceding four-week period of hard and concentrated work, the expert team assembled and installed this major astronomical instrument at the 8.2-m VLT YEPUN Unit Telescope (UT4). On November 25, 2001, following careful adjustments of this complex apparatus, a steady stream of photons from a southern star bounced off the computer-controlled deformable mirror inside NAOS and proceeded to form in CONICA the sharpest image produced so far by one of the VLT telescopes. With a core angular diameter of only 0.07 arcsec, this image is near the theoretical limit possible for a telescope of this size and at the infrared wavelength used for this demonstration (the K-band at 2.2 µm). Subsequent tests reached the spectacular performance of 0.04 arcsec in the J-band (wavelength 1.2 µm). "I am proud of this impressive achievement", says ESO Director General Catherine Cesarsky. "It shows the true potential of European science and technology and it provides a fine

Correlation between sea surface temperature and wind speed in Greenland Sea and their relationships with NAO variability

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Bo Qu

2012-09-01

Full Text Available The North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO is one of the major causes of many recent changes in the Arctic Ocean. Generally, it is related to wind speed, sea surface temperature (SST, and sea ice cover. In this study, we analyzed the distributions of and correlations between SST, wind speed, NAO, and sea ice cover from 2003 to 2009 in the Greenland Sea at 10°W to 10°E, 65°N to 80°N. SST reached its peak in July, while wind speed reached its minimum in July. Seasonal variability of SST and wind speed was different for different regions. SST and wind speed mainly had negative correlations. Detailed correlation research was focused on the 75°N to 80°N band. Regression analysis shows that in this band, the variation of SST lagged three months behind that of wind speed. Ice cover and NAO had a positive correlation, and the correlation coefficient between ice cover and NAO in the year 2007 was 0.61. SST and NAO also had a positive correlation, and SST influenced NAO one month in advance. The correlation coefficients between SST and NAO reached 0.944 for the year 2005, 0.7 for the year 2008, and 0.74 for the year 2009 after shifting SST one month later. NAO also had a positive correlation with wind speed, and it also influenced wind speed one month in advance. The correlation coefficients between NAO and wind speed reached 0.783, 0.813, and 0.818 for the years 2004, 2005, and 2008, respectively, after shifting wind speed one month earlier.

Effect of Qing Nao tablet on blood stasis model of mice

Science.gov (United States)

Kong, Xuejun; Hao, Shaojun; Wang, Hongyu; Liu, Xiaobin; Xie, Guoqi; Li, Wenjun; Zhang, Zhengchen

2018-04-01

To investigate the effect of Qing Nao tablet on mouse model of blood stasis syndrome, 60 mice, male and female, were randomly divided into 6 groups, were fed with large, small doses of Qing Nao tablet suspension, Naoluotong saline suspension and the same volume (group 2, 0.1ml/10g), administer 1 times daily, orally for 15 days. Intragastric administration for first days, in addition to the 1 group saline group every day in the hind leg intramuscular saline, the other 5 groups each rat day hind leg muscle injection of dexamethasone 0.8mg/kg intramuscular injection every day, 1 times, 15 days. 1 hour continuous intramuscular injection and intramuscular drug perfusion on the sixteenth day after mice. The eyeball blood, heparin after whole blood viscosity test. Compared with the control group, model group, high and low shear viscosity were significantly increased (Pgroup, high dose group and Qing Nao tablet Naoluotong group can significantly reduce the viscosity at high shear and (Pgroup can significantly reduce high shear and shear viscosity (Pgroup can significantly reduce the low shear viscosity (Pgroup can significantly reduce the low shear viscosity (Pgroup were lower high cut, low shear viscosity and trend The potential (P>0.05). The Qing Nao tablet has a good effect on the model of blood stasis in mice.

Characterization of Bacillus subtilis strains in Thua nao, a traditional fermented soybean food in northern Thailand.

Science.gov (United States)

Inatsu, Y; Nakamura, N; Yuriko, Y; Fushimi, T; Watanasiritum, L; Kawamoto, S

2006-09-01

To clarify the diversity of Bacillus subtilis strains in Thua nao that produce high concentrations of products useful in food manufacturing and in health-promoting compounds. Production of amylase, protease, subtilisin NAT (nattokinase), and gamma-polyglutamic acid (PGA) by the Bacillus subtilis strains in Thua nao was measured. Productivity of protease NAT by these strains tended to be higher than by Japanese commercial natto-producing strains. Molecular diversity of isolated strains was analysed via randomly amplified polymorphic DNA-PCR fingerprinting. The strains were divided into 19 types, including a type with the same pattern as a Japanese natto-producing strain. B. subtilis strains that could be a resource for effective production of protease, amylase, subtilisin NAT, or PGA were evident in Thua nao produced in various regions in northern Thailand. This study clearly demonstrated the value of Thua nao as a potential resource of food-processing enzymes and health-promoting compounds.

El ultrasonido: desde el murciélago hasta la cardiología no invasiva

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Fabián Dávila

2017-03-01

Conclusiones: Grandes avances se han logrado en consecuencia con la evolución del ultrasonido en medicina, su inicio en la ecolocalización descrita en los murciélagos hasta la ultrasonografía cardiaca en 3 D, han permitido el desarrollo de nuevas no invasivas en la medicina cardiovascular.

European land CO2 sink influenced by NAO and East-Atlantic Pattern coupling

Science.gov (United States)

Bastos, Ana; Janssens, Ivan A.; Gouveia, Célia M.; Trigo, Ricardo M.; Ciais, Philippe; Chevallier, Frédéric; Peñuelas, Josep; Rödenbeck, Christian; Piao, Shilong; Friedlingstein, Pierre; Running, Steven W.

2016-01-01

Large-scale climate patterns control variability in the global carbon sink. In Europe, the North-Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) influences vegetation activity, however the East-Atlantic (EA) pattern is known to modulate NAO strength and location. Using observation-driven and modelled data sets, we show that multi-annual variability patterns of European Net Biome Productivity (NBP) are linked to anomalies in heat and water transport controlled by the NAO–EA interplay. Enhanced NBP occurs when NAO and EA are both in negative phase, associated with cool summers with wet soils which enhance photosynthesis. During anti-phase periods, NBP is reduced through distinct impacts of climate anomalies in photosynthesis and respiration. The predominance of anti-phase years in the early 2000s may explain the European-wide reduction of carbon uptake during this period, reported in previous studies. Results show that improving the capability of simulating atmospheric circulation patterns may better constrain regional carbon sink variability in coupled carbon-climate models. PMID:26777730

Uso combinado da laserterapia de baixa potência e da inibição da ciclooxigenase-2 na reepitelização de ferida incisional em pele de camundongos: um estudo pré-clínico Combined use of low level laser therapy and cyclooxygenase-2 selective inhibition on skin incisional wound reepithelialization in mice: a preclinical study

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Cíntia Helena Santuzzi

2011-04-01

Full Text Available FUNDAMENTOS: A laserterapia de baixa potência e os inibidores seletivos da ciclooxigenase-2 (ICOX2 vem sendo muito utilizados para modular a resposta inflamatória, entretanto, os seus efeitos na reepitelização de feridas não são bem compreendidos. OBJETIVO: Avaliar os efeitos isolados e combinados da laserterapia de baixa potência e da ICOX2 na reepitelização de ferida incisional na pele de camundongos. MÉTODO: Foi induzida uma ferida de 1 cm no dorso de cada camundongo, que foram divididos em quatro grupos (N=20: Controle, Laserterapia, Tratados com celecoxib e Terapia conjugada. Os animais dos grupos celecoxib e Terapia conjugada foram tratados com celecoxib por 10 dias antes da incisão cutânea. As feridas experimentais foram irradiadas com laserterapia de baixa potência He-Ne (632nm, dose: 4J/cm2 em varredura, por 12 segundos durante três dias consecutivos nos grupos Laserterapia e Terapia conjugada. Os animais foram sacrificados no 3º dia de pós-operatório. Amostras das feridas foram coletadas e coradas (Tricromio de Masson para análise histomorfométrica. RESULTADOS: Tanto o grupo Laserterapia, quanto o grupo celecoxib, mostrou aumento da reepitelização cutânea em relação ao grupo Controle, entretanto, o grupo Terapia conjugada não apresentou diferenças. Quanto à queratinização o grupo Laserterapia e Terapia conjugada apresentaram redução dos queratinócitos, comparados com o grupo Controle. CONCLUSÕES: Os resultados mostram que o uso da laserterapia de baixa potência e da ICOX2 isoladamente aumentam as células epiteliais, mas somente a laserterapia de baixa potência reduziu os queratinócitos cutâneos. O tratamento conjugado restabelece a reepitelização inata e dimunui a queratinização, embora ocorra uma acelerada contração da ferida com melhora na organização da ferida na pele de camundongos.BACKGROUND: Low level laser therapy and cyclooxygenase-2 (ICOX2 selective inhibitors have been widely used

Technological fantasies of Nao

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Jørgensen, Stina Marie Hasse; Tafdrup, Oliver Alexander

2017-01-01

This article will through a ‘what-if’ scenario involving the humanoid robot, Nao, as a museum guide, discuss the potential benefits of theorizing social robots through a perspective grounded in critical design and postphenomenology. Within Science and Technology-studies (STS) postphenomenology has...... been the ‘go-to’ theory when discussing the philosophical aspects of human-technology relations. Postphenomenology directly addresses how humans on a phenomenological level relate to robots through an ‘alterity-relation’ that establishes the robot as a ‘quasi-other’. A methodological discussion of how...... to conduct empirical postphenomenological research into robotics, has, however, not been thoroughly unfolded, although the question of a general postphenomenological methodology has been touched upon. This article provides a contribution to the debate on how to enquire into human-robot relations...

Delirium em pacientes na unidade de terapia intensiva submetidos à ventilação não invasiva: um inquérito multinacional

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Lilian Maria Sobreira Tanaka

2015-12-01

Full Text Available RESUMO Objetivos: Conduzir um inquérito multinacional com profissionais de unidades de terapia intensiva para determinar as práticas relacionadas à avaliação e ao manejo do delirium, bem como as percepções e as atitudes relacionadas à avaliação e ao impacto do delirium em pacientes submetidos à ventilação não invasiva. Métodos: Foi elaborado um questionário eletrônico para avaliar o perfil dos respondedores e das unidades de terapia intensiva a eles relacionadas; a realização de avaliação sistemática e a forma de manejo do delirium; e as percepções e condutas dos profissionais com relação à presença de delirium em pacientes submetidos à ventilação não invasiva. O questionário foi distribuído por meio da mala direta de correio eletrônico da rede de cooperação em pesquisa clínica da Associação de Medicina Intensiva Brasileira (AMIB-Net e para pesquisadores em diferentes centros da América Latina e Europa. Resultados: Foram analisados 436 questionários que, em sua maioria, eram provenientes do Brasil (61,9%, seguidos por Turquia (8,7% e Itália (4,8%. Aproximadamente 61% dos respondedores relataram não proceder à avaliação de delirium na unidade de terapia intensiva, enquanto 31% a realizavam em pacientes submetidos à ventilação não invasiva. Confusion Assessment Method for the Intensive Care Unit foi a ferramenta diagnóstica validada mais frequentemente citada (66,9%. Com relação à indicação de ventilação não invasiva para pacientes em delirium, 16,3% dos respondedores nunca permitiam o uso de ventilação não invasiva neste contexto clínico. Conclusão: Este inquérito fornece dados que enfatizam a escassez de esforços direcionados à avaliação e ao manejo do delirium no ambiente da terapia intensiva, em especial nos pacientes submetidos à ventilação não invasiva.

Tropical Pacific forcing on decadal-to-centennial NAO-dominated precipitation variability in northern Mediterranean over the past 6500 years

Science.gov (United States)

Hu, H. M.; Shen, C. C.; Michel, V.; Jiang, X.; Mii, H. S.; Wang, Y.; Valensi, P.

2017-12-01

We present a multi-annual-resolved absolute-dated stalagmite-inferred precipitation record, with age precision as good as ±2 years, from northern Italy, to reflect North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) dynamics since 6.5 ka (thousand years ago, before 1950 C.E.). Our record features millennial precipitation fluctuations punctuated by several centennial-scale drought periods centered at 5.6, 6.2, 4.2, 3.0 and 2.3 ka. The phase relationship with previous NAO-sensitive records suggests a multi-millennial southward migration of the northern Westerlies and enhanced NAO variability from the middle- to late-Holocene. We also found the multi-decadal to centennial rainfall amount could dramatically vary within few decades, possibly affecting ancient Mediterranean civilizations. Concurrence between northern Mediterranean precipitation and western tropical Pacific sea surface temperature records suggests the remote forcing on this NAO-dominated rainfall. We argue that the irregular NAO change nowadays could be related to high frequency of El Niño-Southern Oscillation events and might cause an inevitable abrupt hydroclimate change and irreparable impacts on the regional human society in the near future.

Auscultación cervical: alternativa no invasiva en el diagnóstico de disfagia en niños con problemas de neurodesarrollo

OpenAIRE

Huiracocha Tutiven, María de Lourdes; Rojas Sulbarán, Rubén Darío; Huiracocha Tutivén, Mirian Sofía

2016-01-01

Los niños y las niñas con disfunciones neurológicas tienen frecuentemente disfagia, condición que les ocasiona infecciones respiratorias a repetición, desnutrición, mala calidad de vida; su oportuno diagnóstico permite decidir sobre la mejor intervención.La videofluoroscopia y de videoendoscopia son técnicas diagnósticas invasivas, costosas y por lo tanto difíciles de hacerlas, lo que ocasiona retardo en el diagnóstico e intervención. Hoy en día existen nuevas tecnologías médicas no invasivas...

Understanding the NAO from Iberian and UK paleoclimate records. The NAOSIPUK project

Science.gov (United States)

Garcia-Alix, Antonio; Toney, Jaime L.; Jiménez-Moreno, Gonzalo; Slaymark, Charlotte; José Ramos-Román, Maria; Camuera, Jon; Jiménez-Espejo, Francisco J.; Anderson, R. Scott

2017-04-01

The main goal of the NAOSIPUK project was to understand the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) during the Holocene, because the NAO is one major climate mode influencing climate patterns across Europe, and therefore, economy and society (Hurrell, 1995). We analysed several sedimentary records in two regions with opposing NAO responses. Our sedimentary surface survey from numerous lakes and bogs, led to further investigation of four records in the southern Iberian Peninsula and three in the central/northern UK. Past environments of the different sites were analysed using pollen and charcoal analysis, organic and inorganic geochemistry analyses, and sedimentary and geophysical surveys were performed. This work compares general environmental trends in both regions as deduced from the organic matter from bulk sediment to get an idea of the organic matter source, as well as specific organic compounds extracted from the sediment, such as leaf waxes (n-alkanes), algae-related compounds (diols and alkenones), and bacteria-related compounds (hopanes), to specify the sources of the organic matter, environmental temperature ranges, as well as hydrological changes. Our preliminary results show that the palaeoenvironmental indices developed from n-alkanes agree with the variations deduced from the carbon and nitrogen atomic ratios, as well as the carbon isotopic composition from bulk sediments in southern Iberia records. Interestingly, these indices show that some locations display opposite trends from one another, and are used to distinguish regional versus local effects of climate change, human impacts, and aeolian dust inputs. During the late Holocene solar forcing and NAO fluctuations are the main drivers of the environmental evolution in most of the Iberian and UK sites. However, we do detect the influence of the NAO in the temperatures oscillations of the studied sites in southern Iberia. This influence is much more important in the north/central UK sites. The regional

Climate Prediction Center (CPC) Monthly North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) teleconnection index

Data.gov (United States)

National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Department of Commerce — Monthly tabulated index of the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) teleconnection pattern. The data spans the period 1950 to present. The index is derived from a...

Aspergilosis invasiva en unidad de cuidado intensivo

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Mónica M. Toro-Lezcano

Full Text Available La aspergilosis invasiva (AI es causada por la inhalación de conidias del moho Aspergillus spp. , el cual tiene como hábitat el suelo. Ha sido descrita en pacientes con trasplante de médula ósea y neutropenia grave (<500 neutrófilos/mm 3 . Los pacientes que ingresan a la unidad de cuidado intensivo (UCI también pueden ser susceptibles a la AI, con otros factores de riesgo tales como: enfermedad pulmonar obstructiva crónica (EPOC, cirrosis hepática, enfermedades autoinmunes en manejo inmunosupresor y trasplante de órgano sólido, en donde la mortalidad puede llegar al 80%. Se describe el caso de un hombre de 56 años con antecedente de tabaquismo, sin confirmación espirométrica de EPOC, que presentó AI pulmonar durante su estancia en UCI. El diagnóstico fue confirmado por histopatología de úlcera en carina, cultivo de aspirado traqueal y galactomanan en lavado broncoalveolar. Voriconazol fue su tratamiento, con buena respuesta clínica.

Prevalência de sorotipos e resistência antimicrobiana de cepas invasivas do Streptococcus pneumoniae

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Mantese Orlando C.

2003-01-01

Full Text Available OBJETIVO: Avaliar o perfil de sorotipos e a susceptibilidade aos antimicrobianos de cepas de Streptococcus pneumoniae obtidas em espécimes clínicos de pacientes com doença invasiva, bem como suas implicações na formulação de vacinas pneumocócicas. MÉTODOS: Cepas de pneumococo isoladas no Laboratório de Análises Clínicas do Hospital de Clínicas da Universidade Federal de Uberlândia a partir de amostras clínicas de pacientes com doença invasiva foram identificadas e enviadas ao Instituto Adolfo Lutz em São Paulo para confirmação da identificação, sorotipagem e determinação da susceptibilidade aos antimicrobianos. RESULTADOS: De abril de 1999 a março de 2003, foram isoladas 148 cepas invasivas de pneumococo, sendo 84 (56,7% provenientes de pacientes do sexo masculino. A idade variou de um dia a 88,83 anos, com média de 21,33+25,82 anos e mediana de 4,42 anos. Os diagnósticos clínicos mais comuns foram pneumonia (91 casos; 61,4%, meningite (32 casos; 21,6% e bacteremia sem foco evidente (15 casos; 10,1%. As principais fontes de recuperação foram sangue (76 amostras; 51,3%, líquido pleural (39; 26,3% e liquor (30; 20,2%. No total, foram identificados 23 diferentes sorotipos entre 143 amostras testadas, sendo os mais comuns os seguintes: 14, 3, 1, 5, 6A, 6B e 18C. Dentre 30 (20,2% cepas oxacilina-resistentes, 23 (15,5% confirmaram a resistência à penicilina (12,8% com nível intermediário e 2,7%, com nível pleno, que esteve restrita aos sorotipos 14, 23F, 19A e 6B, predominando em indivíduos com até dois anos de idade (p = 0,0008. Foi detectada susceptibilidade diminuída ao cotrimoxazol (63,4%, à eritromicina (8,3%, à clindamicina (8,7% e à ofloxacina (0,8%. A resistência à cefotaxima foi detectada em três das 30 cepas testadas (2% das 148, todas elas com resistência confirmada à penicilina. Não foi observada resistência a cloranfenicol, rifampicina ou vancomicina. CONCLUSÕES: A resistência �

New Insights into the Instability of Discharge Products in Na-O2 Batteries.

Science.gov (United States)

Landa-Medrano, Imanol; Pinedo, Ricardo; Bi, Xuanxuan; Ruiz de Larramendi, Idoia; Lezama, Luis; Janek, Jürgen; Amine, Khalil; Lu, Jun; Rojo, Teófilo

2016-08-10

Sodium-oxygen batteries currently stimulate extensive research due to their high theoretical energy density and improved operational stability when compared to lithium-oxygen batteries. Cell stability, however, needs to be demonstrated also under resting conditions before future implementation of these batteries. In this work we analyze the effect of resting periods on the stability of the sodium superoxide (NaO2) discharge product. The instability of NaO2 in the cell environment is demonstrated leading to the evolution of oxygen during the resting period and the decrease of the cell efficiency. In addition, migration of the superoxide anion (O2(-)) in the electrolyte is observed and demonstrated to be an important factor affecting Coulombic efficiency.

Análises macro e microscópicas de enxertos cutâneos por semeadura após laserterapia de baixa intensidade Macro and microscopic analysis of island skin grafts after low-level laser therapy

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Elisângela Barboza da Silva

2013-02-01

Full Text Available OBJETIVO: observar se a laserterapia de baixa intensidade acelera o processo inflamatório, a cicatrização e epitelização de enxertos cutâneos por semeadura. MÉTODOS: vinte ratos foram submetidos a esta técnica de enxertia e divididos em dois grupos iguais, um tratado com laser e outro controle. RESULTADOS: houve menor tempo de reação inflamatória, maior velocidade de cicatrização, epitelização e queratinização nos animais tratados com laser em relação aos não tratados. CONCLUSÃO: a laserterapia de baixa intensidade é efetiva no auxílio ao tratamento de enxertos por semeadura.OBJECTIVE: To observe the effects of low intensity laser therapy in inflammation, wound healing and epithelialization of island skin grafts. METHODS: Twenty rats were subjected to this grafting technique and divided subsequently into two equal groups, one treated with laser and the other control. RESULTS: there was less inflammation, faster healing, epithelialization and keratinization in the laser-treated animals when compared to the untreated. CONCLUSION: Low intensity laser therapy is helpful to island skin grafting.

Análise das cepas de Streptococcus pneumoniae causadores de pneumonia invasiva: sorotipos e sensibilidade aos antimicrobianos

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Cristina R. M. Yoshioka

2011-02-01

Full Text Available OBJETIVOS: Identificar os sorotipos de pneumococo mais frequentemente isolados de crianças internadas com pneumonia invasiva, comparar os sorotipos com os incluídos em vacinas conjugadas e analisar sua sensibilidade aos antimicrobianos mais utilizados na faixa etária pediátrica. MÉTODOS: Estudo descritivo, retrospectivo das pneumonias pneumocócicas identificadas em crianças internadas no hospital universitário da Universidade de São Paulo, no período de janeiro de 2003 a outubro de 2008. Os critérios de inclusão foram: faixa etária de 29 dias até 15 anos incompletos com diagnóstico clínico e radiológico de pneumonia e com cultura de sangue e/ou líquido pleural com crescimento de Streptococcus pneumoniae. RESULTADOS: Foram incluídas no estudo 107 crianças. Os sorotipos mais frequentes foram: 14 (36,5%, 1 (16,7%, 5 (14,6%, 6B (6,3% e 3 (4,2%. A proporção de sorotipos contidos na vacina conjugada heptavalente seria de 53,1%, na vacina 10-valente de 86,5% e na 13-valente seria de 96,9%. De acordo com os padrões do Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute 2008, 100 cepas (93,5% de pneumococos foram sensíveis à penicilina (concentração inibitória mínima, CIM 8 µg/mL. Verificamos alta taxa de sensibilidade para as cepas testadas para vancomicina, rifampicina, ceftriaxone, clindamicina, cloranfenicol e eritromicina. CONCLUSÕES: Nossos resultados confirmam um expressivo impacto potencial das vacinas conjugadas, principalmente pela 10-valente e 13-valente, sobre os casos de pneumonias invasivas. Os resultados de sensibilidade à penicilina evidenciam que a opção terapêutica de escolha para o tratamento das pneumonias invasivas continua sendo a penicilina.

Pharmacokinetics and efficiency of brain targeting of ginsenosides Rg1 and Rb1 given as Nao-Qing microemulsion.

Science.gov (United States)

Li, Tao; Shu, Ya-Jun; Cheng, Jia-Yin; Liang, Run-Cheng; Dian, Shao-Na; Lv, Xiao-Xun; Yang, Meng-Qi; Huang, Shu-Ling; Chen, Gang; Yang, Fan

2015-02-01

Nao-Qing solution has been shown to be clinically effective in the treatment of acute ischemic stroke (AIS). The purpose of this study was to improve the pharmacokinetics and brain uptake of Nao-Qing, administered as an oil-in-water microemulsion. Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were given Nao-Qing microemulsion by intranasal or intragastric routes. Samples of blood, brain, heart, liver, lung and kidney were collected at pre-determined time intervals, and the contents of ginsenosides Rg1 and Rb1 (active ingredients of the Nao-Qing microemulsion) were analyzed by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The results showed that contents of ginsenosides Rg1 and Rb1 in Nao-Qing microemulsion was 8475.13 ± 54.61 μg/ml and 6633.42 ± 527.27 μg/ml, respectively, and that the particle size, pH and viscosity of the microemulsion were 19.9 ± 5.07 nm, 6.1 and 3.056 × 10(-3 )Pas, respectively. Absorption of ginsenoside Rg1 was higher than that of ginsenoside Rb1, which was barely detectable after intragastric administration; furthermore, the concentration of ginsenoside Rg1 in blood and other tissues at each time point was lower for intragastric than for intranasal administration. Compared with intragastric administration, intranasal administration resulted in a shorter tmax (0.08 versus 1 h), a higher Cmax (16.65 versus 11.29 μg/ml), and a higher area under the concentration-time curve (AUC) (592.91 versus 101.70 μgċh/ml) in the brain. The relative rates of uptake (Re) and the ratio of peak concentration (Ce) in the brain were 126.31% and 147.48% for ginsenoside Rg1, respectively. These data illustrate that intranasal administration can promote the absorption of drugs in Nao-Qing microemulsion and achieve fast effect.

The influences of the AMO and NAO on an Iberian alpine lake during the Late Holocene

Science.gov (United States)

Hernández, Armand; Leira, Manel; Trigo, Ricardo; Vázquez-Loureiro, David; Carballeira, Rafael; Sáez, Alberto

2017-04-01

High mountain lakes, usually oligotrophic, in the Iberian Peninsula are particularly sensitive to the influence of North Atlantic large-scale modes of climate variability due to their geographical position and the reduced direct anthropic disturbances. In this context, Serra da Estrela (Portugal), in the westernmost of the Sistema Central Range, constitutes a physical barrier to air masses coming from the Atlantic Ocean. However, long-term climate reconstructions have not yet been conducted. We present a climate reconstruction in terms of precipitation and temperature changes of this setting based on facies analysis, X-ray fluorescence core scanning, elemental and isotope geochemistry on bulk organic matter and a preliminary study of diatom assemblages from the sedimentary record of Lake Peixão (1677 m a.s.l.; Serra da Estrela) for the last ca. 3500 years. A multivariate statistical analysis has been performed to recognize the main environmental factors controlling the lake sedimentation. Our results reveal that two main processes explain 70% of the total variance, with PC1 (accumulation of siliciclastic material vs organic matter), and PC2 (variations in lacustrine productivity, related to nutrient inputs from the catchment), explaining 53% and 17% respectively. In mountain lakes, siliciclastic and/or external organic matter accumulation tend to be governed by the snowmelt which, in turn, are frequently controlled by winter and spring temperatures. On the other hand, lake productivity, usually limited by phosphorus and nitrogen, is dependent of internal recycling and/or external inputs, mainly by catchment leaching (climatically driven by summer precipitation) and atmospheric deposition (anthropic influence). The results from Lake Peixão have been compared to other Western Iberia and Northeastern Atlantic records, as well as the Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation (AMO) and North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) indices. Thus, a tentative Late Holocene climate

THE UNIQUE Na:O ABUNDANCE DISTRIBUTION IN NGC 6791: THE FIRST OPEN(?) CLUSTER WITH MULTIPLE POPULATIONS

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Geisler, D.; Villanova, S.; Cummings, J.; Carraro, G.; Pilachowski, C.; Johnson, C. I.; Bresolin, F.

2012-01-01

Almost all globular clusters investigated exhibit a spread in their light element abundances, the most studied being an Na:O anticorrelation. In contrast, open clusters show a homogeneous composition and are still regarded as Simple Stellar Populations. The most probable reason for this difference is that globulars had an initial mass high enough to retain primordial gas and ejecta from the first stellar generation and thus formed a second generation with a distinct composition, an initial mass exceeding that of open clusters. NGC 6791 is a massive open cluster and warrants a detailed search for chemical inhomogeneities. We collected high-resolution, high signal-to-noise spectra of 21 members covering a wide range of evolutionary status and measured their Na, O, and Fe content. We found [Fe/H] = +0.42 ± 0.01, in good agreement with previous values, and no evidence for a spread. However, the Na:O distribution is completely unprecedented. It becomes the first open cluster to show intrinsic abundance variations that cannot be explained by mixing, and thus the first discovered to host multiple populations. It is also the first star cluster to exhibit two subpopulations in the Na:O diagram with one being chemically homogeneous while the second has an intrinsic spread that follows the anticorrelation so far displayed only by globular clusters. NGC 6791 is unique in many aspects, displaying certain characteristics typical of open clusters, others more reminiscent of globulars, and yet others, in particular its Na:O behavior investigated here, that are totally unprecedented. It clearly had a complex and fascinating history.

The Unique Na:O Abundance Distribution in NGC 6791: The First Open(?) Cluster with Multiple Populations

Science.gov (United States)

Geisler, D.; Villanova, S.; Carraro, G.; Pilachowski, C.; Cummings, J.; Johnson, C. I.; Bresolin, F.

2012-09-01

Almost all globular clusters investigated exhibit a spread in their light element abundances, the most studied being an Na:O anticorrelation. In contrast, open clusters show a homogeneous composition and are still regarded as Simple Stellar Populations. The most probable reason for this difference is that globulars had an initial mass high enough to retain primordial gas and ejecta from the first stellar generation and thus formed a second generation with a distinct composition, an initial mass exceeding that of open clusters. NGC 6791 is a massive open cluster and warrants a detailed search for chemical inhomogeneities. We collected high-resolution, high signal-to-noise spectra of 21 members covering a wide range of evolutionary status and measured their Na, O, and Fe content. We found [Fe/H] = +0.42 ± 0.01, in good agreement with previous values, and no evidence for a spread. However, the Na:O distribution is completely unprecedented. It becomes the first open cluster to show intrinsic abundance variations that cannot be explained by mixing, and thus the first discovered to host multiple populations. It is also the first star cluster to exhibit two subpopulations in the Na:O diagram with one being chemically homogeneous while the second has an intrinsic spread that follows the anticorrelation so far displayed only by globular clusters. NGC 6791 is unique in many aspects, displaying certain characteristics typical of open clusters, others more reminiscent of globulars, and yet others, in particular its Na:O behavior investigated here, that are totally unprecedented. It clearly had a complex and fascinating history.

Estimación no invasiva de la frecuencia cardiaca fetal mediante técnicas de separación ciega de fuentes

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Luis O. Sarmiento, PhD. (C Ing

2010-07-01

El objetivo de este trabajo es utilizar técnicas de procesamiento de señales para extraer de manera no invasiva el electrocardiograma fetal partiendo del electrocardiograma superficial de la madre a fin de obtener una estimación de la frecuencia cardiaca fetal.

Communication Framework For the Mionix Naos QG Mouse

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Wulff-Jensen, Andreas

2017-01-01

The Mionix Naos QG mouse has multiple sensors integrated. It can record all the metrics native to mice: being scroll, clicks and mouse movements. Moreover, this mouse has heart rate (HR) and Galvanic Skin Response (GSR) sensors embedded. Through Mionics API [1] WebSocket can be used to access all...... or be recorded. Another Unity implementation have been developed as well. This was directly connected to the WebSocket, and has the same properties as the first Unity development. Since two nearly identical implementations were made, the quality of their recordings and data communication were tested. Based...

Vigilancia de serotipos en infecciones invasivas por Haemophilus influenzae en la Argentina en la era de la vacuna conjugada contra el serotipo b durante el período 2005-2010

OpenAIRE

Efron, Adriana M.; Moscoloni, María A.; Reijtman, Vanesa R.; Regueira, Mabel

2013-01-01

La introducción de la vacuna contra Haemophilus influenzae tipo b en los programas de inmunización de muchos países produjo una reducción marcada en la incidencia de enfermedad invasiva causada por este serotipo y en su portación y un incremento de otros tipos capsulares y de aislamientos no capsulados. Se estudiaron 313 aislamientos de H. influenzae recuperados de sitio estéril, provenientes de pacientes pediátricos y adultos con enfermedad invasiva atendidos en 90 hospitales de la Red Nacio...

Serial clustering of extratropical cyclones and relationship with NAO and jet intensity based on the IMILAST cyclone database

Science.gov (United States)

Ulbrich, Sven; Pinto, Joaquim G.; Economou, Theodoros; Stephenson, David B.; Karremann, Melanie K.; Shaffrey, Len C.

2017-04-01

Cyclone families are a frequent synoptic weather feature in the Euro-Atlantic area, particularly during wintertime. Given appropriate large-scale conditions, such series (clusters) of storms may cause large socio-economic impacts and cumulative losses. Recent studies analyzing reanalysis data using single cyclone tracking methods have shown that serial clustering of cyclones occurs on both flanks and downstream regions of the North Atlantic storm track. Based on winter (DJF) cyclone counts from the IMILAST cyclone database, we explore the representation of serial clustering in the ERA-Interim period and its relationship with the NAO-phase and jet intensity. With this aim, clustering is estimated by the dispersion of winter (DJF) cyclone passages for each grid point over the Euro-Atlantic area. Results indicate that clustering over the Eastern North Atlantic and Western Europe can be identified for all methods, although the exact location and the dispersion magnitude may vary. The relationship between clustering and (i) the NAO-phase and (ii) jet intensity over the North Atlantic is statistically evaluated. Results show that the NAO-index and the jet intensity show a strong contribution to clustering, even though some spread is found between methods. We conclude that the general features of clustering of extratropical cyclones over the North Atlantic and Western Europe are robust to the choice of tracking method. The same is true for the influence of the NAO and jet intensity on cyclone dispersion.

Experiência inicial com operações cardíacas minimamente invasivas Initial experience with minimally invasive cardiac operations

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Francisco Costa

2012-09-01

Full Text Available INTRODUÇÃO: Operações cardíacas minimamente invasivas têm sido propostas como uma alternativa para a correção de diversas cardiopatias congênitas e adquiridas, com o intuito de reduzir a morbimortalidade. OBJETIVOS: Descrever a experiência inicial de dois anos com operações cardíacas minimamente invasivas, com ênfase nos aspectos técnicos e na curva de aprendizado. MÉTODOS: Entre julho de 2009 a março de 2012, 95 pacientes foram operados com técnicas minimamente invasivas. A média de idade foi de 55±15 anos e 53% pacientes eram do sexo feminino. As operações foram fechamento de comunicação interatrial (25, substituição valvar aórtica (32, plastia mitral (23, substituição valvar mitral (12, ressecção de mixoma de átrio esquerdo (2 e ressecção de membrana subaórtica (1. A incisão consistiu de minitoracotomia lateral direita em 87 casos e de miniesternotomia em oito. RESULTADOS: A mortalidade imediata foi de 4,2%, e o tamanho médio da incisão foi de 6,3 ± 1,2 cm. A extensão da toracotomia só foi necessária em um caso. Dois pacientes apresentaram acidente vascular cerebral, e a quantidade total de sangramento foi de 470 ± 277 ml. Nenhum paciente teve infecção de ferida operatória, e 67% dos casos não apresentaram morbidade pós-operatória significativa. CONCLUSÕES: Os resultados iniciais com operações minimamente invasivas demonstraram que elas podem ser realizadas de forma segura e com resultados iniciais satisfatórios. O índice de satisfação dos pacientes foi elevado. Uma vez ultrapassada a curva de aprendizado, as operações minimamente invasivas podem ser uma excelente alternativa para muitos pacientes com cardiopatias valvares e congênitas.BACKGROUND: Minimally invasive cardiovascular operations have been proposed as an alternative method to correct several cardiac congenital and acquired heart diseases, with the aim to reduce morbidity and mortality. OBJECTIVES: Describe the two years

Nitric acid oxidation of Si (NAOS) method for low temperature fabrication of SiO{sub 2}/Si and SiO{sub 2}/SiC structures

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Kobayashi, H., E-mail: koba771@ybb.ne.jp [Institute of Scientific and Industrial Research, Osaka University, and CREST, Japan Science and Technology Agency, 8-1 Mihogaoka, Ibaraki, Osaka 567-0047 (Japan); Imamura, K.; Kim, W.-B.; Im, S.-S.; Asuha [Institute of Scientific and Industrial Research, Osaka University, and CREST, Japan Science and Technology Agency, 8-1 Mihogaoka, Ibaraki, Osaka 567-0047 (Japan)

2010-07-15

We have developed low temperature formation methods of SiO{sub 2}/Si and SiO{sub 2}/SiC structures by use of nitric acid, i.e., nitric acid oxidation of Si (or SiC) (NAOS) methods. By use of the azeotropic NAOS method (i.e., immersion in 68 wt% HNO{sub 3} aqueous solutions at 120 deg. C), an ultrathin (i.e., 1.3-1.4 nm) SiO{sub 2} layer with a low leakage current density can be formed on Si. The leakage current density can be further decreased by post-metallization anneal (PMA) at 200 deg. C in hydrogen atmosphere, and consequently the leakage current density at the gate bias voltage of 1 V becomes 1/4-1/20 of that of an ultrathin (i.e., 1.5 nm) thermal oxide layer usually formed at temperatures between 800 and 900 deg. C. The low leakage current density is attributable to (i) low interface state density, (ii) low SiO{sub 2} gap-state density, and (iii) high band discontinuity energy at the SiO{sub 2}/Si interface arising from the high atomic density of the NAOS SiO{sub 2} layer. For the formation of a relatively thick (i.e., {>=}10 nm) SiO{sub 2} layer, we have developed the two-step NAOS method in which the initial and subsequent oxidation is performed by immersion in {approx}40 wt% HNO{sub 3} and azeotropic HNO{sub 3} aqueous solutions, respectively. In this case, the SiO{sub 2} formation rate does not depend on the Si surface orientation. Using the two-step NAOS method, a uniform thickness SiO{sub 2} layer can be formed even on the rough surface of poly-crystalline Si thin films. The atomic density of the two-step NAOS SiO{sub 2} layer is slightly higher than that for thermal oxide. When PMA at 250 deg. C in hydrogen is performed on the two-step NAOS SiO{sub 2} layer, the current-voltage and capacitance-voltage characteristics become as good as those for thermal oxide formed at 900 deg. C. A relatively thick (i.e., {>=}10 nm) SiO{sub 2} layer can also be formed on SiC at 120 deg. C by use of the two-step NAOS method. With no treatment before the NAOS method

Tema 2: The NAO robot as a Persuasive Educational and Entertainment Robot (PEER – a case study on children’s articulation, categorization and interaction with a social robot for learning

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Lykke Brogaard Bertel

2016-01-01

Full Text Available The application of social robots as motivational tools and companions in education is increasingly being explored from a theoretical and practical point of view. In this paper, we examine the social robot NAO as a Persuasive Educational and Entertainment Robot (PEER and present findings from a case study on the use of NAO to support learning environments in Danish primary schools. In the case study we focus on the children’s practice of articulation and embodied interaction with NAO and investigate the role of NAO as a ‘tool’, ‘social actor’ or ‘simulating medium’ in the learning designs. We examine whether this categorization is static or dynamic, i. e. develops and changes over the course of the interaction and explore how this relates to and affects the student’s motivation to engage in the NAO-supported learning activities.

Tema 2: The NAO robot as a Persuasive Educational and Entertainment Robot (PEER – a case study on children’s articulation, categorization and interaction with a social robot for learning

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Lykke Brogaard Bertel

2015-12-01

Full Text Available The application of social robots as motivational tools and companions in education is increasingly being explored from a theoretical and practical point of view. In this paper, we examine the social robot NAO as a Persuasive Educational and Entertainment Robot (PEER and present findings from a case study on the use of NAO to support learning environments in Danish primary schools. In the case study we focus on the children’s practice of articulation and embodied interaction with NAO and investigate the role of NAO as a ‘tool’, ‘social actor’ or ‘simulating medium’ in the learning designs. We examine whether this categorization is static or dynamic, i. e. develops and changes over the course of the interaction and explore how this relates to and affects the student’s motivation to engage in the NAO-supported learning activities.

Late Holocene forest dynamics in the Gulf of Gaeta (central Mediterranean) in relation to NAO variability and human impact

Science.gov (United States)

Di Rita, Federico; Lirer, Fabrizio; Bonomo, Sergio; Cascella, Antonio; Ferraro, Luciana; Florindo, Fabio; Insinga, Donatella Domenica; Lurcock, Pontus Conrad; Margaritelli, Giulia; Petrosino, Paola; Rettori, Roberto; Vallefuoco, Mattia; Magri, Donatella

2018-01-01

A new high-resolution pollen record, spanning the last five millennia, is presented from the Gulf of Gaeta (Tyrrhenian Sea, central Italy), with the aim of verifying if any vegetation change occurred in the central Mediterranean region in relation to specific well-known global and/or regional climate events, including the 4.2 ka event, the Medieval Climate Anomaly (MCA) and the Little Ice Age (LIA), and to detect possible vegetation changes related to still under-investigated climate signals, for example the so-called "Bond 2" cold event around 2.8 ka BP. The vegetation dynamics of the Gaeta record shows a recurrent pattern of forest increase and decline punctuating the mid- and late Holocene. When the timing of these patterns is compared with the climate proxy data available from the same core (planktonic foraminifera assemblages and oxygen stable isotope record) and with the NAO (North Atlantic Oscillation) index, it clearly appears that the main driver for the forest fluctuations is climate, which may even overshadow the effects of human activity. We have found a clear correspondence between phases with negative NAO index and forest declines. In particular, around 4200 cal BP, a drop in AP (Arboreal Pollen) confirms the clearance recorded in many sites in Italy south of 43°N. Around 2800 cal BP, a vegetation change towards open conditions is found at a time when the NAO index clearly shows negative values. Between 800 and 1000 AD, a remarkable forest decline, coeval with a decrease in the frequencies of both Castanea and Olea, matches a shift in the oxygen isotope record towards positive values, indicating cooler temperatures, and a negative NAO. Between 1400-1850 AD, in the time period chronologically corresponding to the LIA (Little Ice Age), the Gaeta record shows a clear decline of the forest cover, particularly evident after 1550 AD, once again in correspondence with negative NAO index.

Ultrathin SiO{sub 2} layer formed by the nitric acid oxidation of Si (NAOS) method to improve the thermal-SiO{sub 2}/Si interface for crystalline Si solar cells

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Matsumoto, Taketoshi; Nakajima, Hiroki; Irishika, Daichi; Nonaka, Takaaki; Imamura, Kentaro; Kobayashi, Hikaru, E-mail: h.kobayashi@sanken.osaka-u.ac.jp

2017-02-15

Highlights: • The density of interface states at the SiO{sub 2}/Si interface is decreased by NAOS. • The minority carrier lifetime is increased by the NAOS treatment. • Great interfacial properties of the NAOS layer are kept after thermal oxidation. - Abstract: A combination of the nitric acid oxidation of Si (NAOS) method and post-thermal oxidation is found to efficiently passivate the SiO{sub 2}/n-Si(100) interface. Thermal oxidation at 925 °C and annealing at 450 °C in pure hydrogen atmosphere increases the minority carrier lifetime by three orders of magnitude, and it is attributed to elimination of Si dangling bond interface states. Fabrication of an ultrathin, i.e., 1.1 nm, NAOS SiO{sub 2} layer before thermal oxidation and H{sub 2} annealing further increases the minority carrier lifetime by 30% from 8.6 to 11.1 ms, and decreased the interface state density by 10% from 6.9 × 10{sup 9} to 6.3 × 10{sup 9}eV{sup −1} cm{sup −2}. After thermal oxidation at 800 °C, the SiO{sub 2} layer on the NAOS-SiO{sub 2}/Si(100) structure is 2.26 nm thick, i.e., 0.24 nm thicker than that on the Si(100) surface, while after thermal oxidation at 925 °C, it is 4.2 nm thick, i.e., 0.4 nm thinner than that on Si(100). The chemical stability results from the higher atomic density of a NAOS SiO{sub 2} layer than that of a thermal oxide layer as reported in Ref. [28] (Asuha et al., 2002). Higher minority carrier lifetime in the presence of the NAOS layer indicates that the NAOS-SiO{sub 2}/Si interface with a low interface state density is preserved after thermal oxidation, which supports out-diffusion oxidation mechanism, by which a thermal oxide layer is formed on the NAOS SiO{sub 2} layer.

Revascularização do miocárdio minimamente invasiva videoassistida

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Rodrigo Mussi Milani

2012-07-01

Full Text Available FUNDAMENTO: De um modo geral, as operações estão cada vez menos invasivas e a cirurgia cardíaca começa a seguir por este caminho. OBJETIVO: Avaliar a evolução de cem pacientes submetidos à operação de revascularização do miocárdio minimamente invasiva. MÉTODOS: O acesso ao coração deu-se através de pequena toracotomia lateral no 4º espaço intercostal esquerdo, com 6 cm, iniciando-se ao nível do mamilo. Pelo mesmo espaço intercostal, 3 cm após o término da incisão principal, foi inserida ótica de 6,5 mm com 30º. Nos casos em que a veia safena foi utilizada, o pericárdio foi aberto em cima da aorta e, com uma pressão sistólica de 80 mmhg, foi pinçada parcialmente, sendo a anastomose proximal feita de maneira convencional. As anastomoses distais foram feitas de modo convencional. O procedimento foi realizado sem circulação extracorporal (CEC com auxílio de ventilação monopulmonar. RESULTADOS: A idade média foi de 63,9 ± 10,66 anos. Sessenta e oito (68% eram do sexo masculino. Cinquenta e três (53% encontravam-se em classe funcional III ou IV. A função do ventrículo esquerdo era normal em cinquenta e três (53% pacientes. Quarenta e dois (42% haviam sido submetidos à angioplastia prévia. Foram realizadas 153 anastomoses distais, variando de 1 a 3. O tempo médio de ventilação foi de 4,06 ± 4,08 horas. Dezessete (17% pacientes apresentaram fibrilação atrial e oito (8% pneumonias. Houve dois óbitos nesta série. CONCLUSÃO: A revascularização mostrou-se segura, com baixa mortalidade e morbidade. Com novos dispositivos, essa operação poderá ter uma aplicabilidade maior.

The Role of the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) on Recent Greenland Surface Mass Loss and Mass Partitioning

Science.gov (United States)

Tedesco, M.; Alexander, P.; Porter, D. F.; Fettweis, X.; Luthcke, S. B.; Mote, T. L.; Rennermalm, A.; Hanna, E.

2017-12-01

Despite recent changes in Greenland surface mass losses and atmospheric circulation over the Arctic, little attention has been given to the potential role of large-scale atmospheric processes on the spatial and temporal variability of mass loss and partitioning of the GrIS mass loss. Using a combination of satellite gravimetry measurements, outputs of the MAR regional climate model and reanalysis data, we show that changes in atmospheric patterns since 2013 over the North Atlantic region of the Arctic (NAA) modulate total mass loss trends over Greenland together with the spatial and temporal distribution of mass loss partitioning. For example, during the 2002 - 2012 period, melting persistently increased, especially along the west coast, as a consequence of increased insulation and negative NAO conditions characterizing that period. Starting in 2013, runoff along the west coast decreased while snowfall increased substantially, when NAO turned to a more neutral/positive state. Modeled surface mass balance terms since 1950 indicate that part of the GRACE-period, specifically the period between 2002 and 2012, was exceptional in terms of snowfall over the east and northeast regions. During that period snowfall trend decreased to almost 0 Gt/yr from a long-term increasing trend, which presumed again in 2013. To identify the potential impact of atmospheric patterns on mass balance and its partitioning, we studied the spatial and temporal correlations between NAO and snowfall/runoff. Our results indicate that the correlation between summer snowfall and NAO is not stable during the 1950 - 2015 period. We further looked at changes in patterns of circulation using self organizing maps (SOMs) to identify the atmospheric patterns characterizing snowfall during different periods. We discuss potential implications for past changes and future GCM and RCM simulations.

Correcção de escoliose lombar degenerativa por técnica minimamente invasiva Corrección de escoliosis lumbar degenerativa por técnica mínimamente invasiva Correction of degenerative lumbar scoliosis by minimally invasive technique

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Pedro Santos Silva

2012-12-01

Full Text Available A terapêutica cirúrgica da escoliose degenerativa consiste habitualmente em instrumentações e fusões mais ou menos extensas e associa-se a morbilidade significativa. A evolução tecnológica tem aberto caminho a técnicas menos invasivas que permitem obter resultados sobreponíveis aos das técnicas tradicionais minimizando a agressão cirúrgica. Descreve-se o caso de uma paciente do sexo feminino, de 63 anos, submetida a descompressão lombar posterior, em Janeiro de 2009, por alterações degenerativas marcadas. Poucos meses após a cirurgia a paciente referiu aumento das lombalgias e ciatalgia direita. O estudo imagiológico demonstrou agravamento de escoliose degenerativa L2-L5 associada a extrusão discal L2-L3 direita calcificada, fractura bilateral dos pedículos de L3 e espondilolistese degenerativa grau 1 L5-S1. Foi submetida a reintervenção cirúrgica por técnica minimamente invasiva consistindo em TLIF's L2-L3, L3-L4, L4-L5 e L5-S1 e fixação transpedicular L2-S1 bilateral, com correcção da deformidade no plano sagital e coronal. O caso clínico apresentado ilustra o potencial das abordagens minimamente invasivas no tratamento cirúrgico de escolioses degenerativas, devendo ser uma opção sempre presente considerando os benefícios potenciais para o paciente.El tratamiento quirúrgico de la escoliosis degenerativa consiste habitualmente en instrumentaciones y fusiones más o menos extensas, asociadas a morbilidad significativa. La evolución tecnológica ha abierto el camino para técnicas menos invasivas que permiten obtener resultados comparables a los de las técnicas tradicionales, minimizando el trauma de la cirugía. Presentamos el caso de paciente de sexo femenino, de 63 años de edad, sometida a descompresión lumbar posterior en enero de 2009, debido a marcadas alteraciones degenerativas. Pocos meses después del procedimiento, la paciente refirió agravamiento de la lumbalgia y ciática derecha. El estudio de

Design and Implementation of Autonomous Stair Climbing with Nao Humanoid Robot

OpenAIRE

Lu, Wei

2015-01-01

With the development of humanoid robots, autonomous stair climbing is an important capability. Humanoid robots will play an important role in helping people tackle some basic problems in the future. The main contribution of this thesis is that the NAO humanoid robot can climb the spiral staircase autonomously. In the vision module, the algorithm of image filtering and detecting the contours of the stair contributes to calculating the location of the stairs accurately. Additionally, the st...

El ciclo anual de la hidrología de Colombia en relación con el ENSO y la NAO

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

1998-01-01

Full Text Available INFLUENCE DE L’ENSO ET DE LA NAO SUR LE CYCLE ANNUEL DE L’HYDROLOGIE DE COLOMBIE. On évalue l’impact de El Niño-Oscillation du Sud (ENSO et de l’Oscillation de l’Atlantique Nord (NAO sur le cycle annuel hydrologique colombien. Les résultats du Projet de Réanalyse Climatologique NCEP/NCAR ont été utilisés pour identifier les mécanismes de la circulation atmosphérique qui interviennent dans cette région au cours des phases extrêmes de l’ENSO. En particulier, l’affaiblissement du courant jet inférieur d’ouest, qui se propage du Pacifique vers l’intérieur de la Colombie, est l’un des principaux mécanismes de circulation susceptible de nous aider à expliquer les anomalies hydrologiques en situation El Niño. Les résultats confirment l’importance de l’influence de l’ENSO et de la NAO sur les précipitations et les débits de Colombie, en particulier au cours des trimestres de septembre-octobre-novembre et de décembre-janvier-février. Se cuantifica la dependencia del ciclo anual de la hidroclimatología de Colombia con respecto del fenómeno El Niño-Oscilación del Sur (ENSO y la Oscilación del Atlántico Norte (NAO. Se usan los resultados del Proyecto de Reanálisis Climático de NCEP/NCAR para identificar los mecanismos de la circulación involucrados en las anomalías climáticas en la región de Suramérica tropical durante las fases extremas del ENSO (El Niño y La Niña. De particular importancia, el debilitamiento, durante El Niño, de la corriente de chorro superficial del oeste que penetra desde el Océano Pacífico hacia el interior de Colombia es un mecanismo de la circulación que coadyuva para explicar las anomalías hidrológicas. Los resultados confirman la fuerte influencia del ENSO y la NAO sobre las lluvias y los caudales de Colombia, en particular durante los trimestres septiembre-octubre-noviembre y diciembre-enero-febrero. THE ANNUAL CYCLE OF THE HYDROLOGY IN COLOMBIA IN RELATION TO THE ENSO AND NAO

Initial phases of design-based research into the educational potentials of NAO-robots

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Majgaard, Gunver; Bertel, Lykke Brogaard

2014-01-01

In this paper, we describe our initial research, using the humanoid robot NAO in primary and secondary schools. How does a programmable humanoid enrich teaching and how do we prepare the teachers? Ten school classes are using the robot for creative programming. So far we have experienced...... that the robot enriches the learning processes by combining the auditory, visual and kinaesthetic modalities....

Avaliação da eficácia do uso de fatores de crescimento em orabase e laserterapia no tratamento da mucosite oral em pacientes submetidos ao transplante de células tronco hematopoiéticas.

OpenAIRE

Brasil, Catarina da Mota Vasconcelos

2013-01-01

A mucosite oral (MO) é uma inflamação aguda da mucosa decorrente do tratamento antineoplásico que pode resultar em dor, pode limitar a fala, a mastigação e aumenta os riscos de desenvolvimento de infecções por microorganismos oportunistas. O objetivo deste estudo pioneiro foi avaliar a eficácia do uso tópico de fatores de crescimento (EGF, IGF, TGFβ3, bFGF) veiculados em orabase, associados a laserterapia para tratamento da MO em pacientes submetidos ao transplante de células tronco hematopoi...

Efectividad de la laserterapia en el tratamiento del dolor articular temporomandibular en pacientes atendidos en Amancio, 2012-2013

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Carmen de los Milagros García Alguacil

2014-08-01

Full Text Available La alta prevalencia de pacientes que acuden con trastornos temporomandibulares aquejados de dolor resultó ser la motivación para realizar este estudio descriptivo, en la clínica estomatológica del policlínico “Luis Aldana Palomino”, en el periodo comprendido de enero de 2012 a enero de 2013, con el propósito de determinar la efectividad de la laserterapia en el tratamiento del dolor articular temporomandibular. La muestra quedó conformada por 75 pacientes, atendidos en el servicio de prótesis de dicha institución. Se analizó la edad, sexo y efecto analgésico, el número de sesiones recibidas con esta terapia, así como la duración del efecto. Predominó el dolor en el grupo de 40 – 59 años y el sexo femenino fue el más afectado. A partir de la tercera sesión se comenzaron a remitir los síntomas en la mitad de los pacientes y en la mayoría el efecto analgésico se mantuvo por más de tres meses después de concluido el tratamiento. No se encontraron efectos adversos durante el tratamiento con el láser

Region of eye contact of humanoid Nao robot is similar to that of a human

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Cuijpers, R.H.; Pol, van der D.; Herrmann, G.; Pearson, M.J.; Lenz, A.; Bremner, P.; Spiers, A.; Leonards, U.

2013-01-01

Eye contact is an important social cue in human-human interaction, but it is unclear how easily it carries over to humanoid robots. In this study we investigated whether the tolerance of making eye contact is similar for the Nao robot as compared to human lookers. We measured the region of eye

Influence of winter NAO pattern on variable renewable energies potential in Europe over the 20th century

Science.gov (United States)

François, Baptiste; Raynaud, Damien; Hingray, Benoit; Creutin, Jean-Dominique

2017-04-01

Integration of Variable Renewable Energy (VRE) sources in the electricity system is a challenge because of temporal and spatial fluctuations of their power generation resulting from their driving weather variables (i.e. solar radiation wind speed, precipitation, and temperature). Very few attention was paid to low frequency variability (i.e. from annual to decades) even though it may have significant impact on energy system and energy market Following the current increase in electricity supplied by VRE generation, one could ask the question about the risk of ending up in a situation in which the level of production of one or more VRE is exceptionally low or exceptionally high for a long period of time and/or over a large area. What would be the risk for an investor if the return on investment has been calculated on a high energy production period? What would be the cost in term of carbon emission whether the system manager needs to turn on coal power plant to satisfy the demand? Such dramatic events would definitely impact future stakeholder decision to invest in a particular energy source or another. Weather low frequency variability is mainly governed by large-scale teleconnection patterns impacting the climate at global scale such as El Niño - Southern Oscillation (ENSO) in the tropics and in North America or the North Atlantic Oscillation (hereafter, NAO) in North America and Europe. Teleconnection pattern's influence on weather variability cascades to VRE variability and ends up by impacting electricity system. The aim of this study is to analysis the impact of the NAO on VRE generation in Europe during the winter season. The analysis is carried out over the twentieth century (i.e. from 1900 to 2010), in order to take into account climate low frequency variability, and for a set of 12 regions covering a large range of climates in Europe. Weather variable time series are obtained by using the ERA20C reanalysis and the SCAMP model (Sequential Constructive

Epitelização de enxertos cutâneos em feridas recentes de coelhos tratados com membrana amniótica canina e/ou laserterapia

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N. Reis Filho

Full Text Available RESUMO A enxertia cutânea é uma técnica cirúrgica simples e bastante útil para o reparo de feridas, principalmente aquelas onde existe dificuldade da aplicação do fechamento primário ou de outras técnicas reconstrutivas. Entretanto, para a sobrevivência do enxerto, é necessário que o leito da ferida esteja saudável e com presença de tecido de granulação exuberante. O objetivo do presente trabalho foi avaliar a aplicação da membrana amniótica e da laserterapia como potenciais estimulantes da cicatrização em enxertos aplicados em feridas sem tecido de granulação. Foram utilizados 42 coelhos, divididos em quatro grupos: grupo controle (GC, grupo membrana (GM, grupo laser (GL e grupo membrana e laser (GML, submetidos a avaliações macro e microscópicas. Na avaliação macroscópica, foi possível notar que os pacientes dos grupos nos quais a membrana amniótica foi utilizada (GM e GML apresentaram evidências associadas à acentuada reação inflamatória, à falha de integração do enxerto e à consequente necrose dele. Já os pacientes do GL apresentaram melhor aspecto do enxerto no último dia de avaliação. Na análise microscópica, observou-se intensa integração do enxerto à derme, reepitelização acentuada e escassas células inflamatórias no local do enxerto no GL. O contrário foi observado nos pacientes do GM e GML, nos quais aparentemente houve rejeição da membrana. A formação de colágeno não se correlacionou com outros fatores, como inflamação e necrose, em nenhum dos grupos de tratamento. Dessa forma, é possível afirmar que a laserterapia mostrou ser efetiva, contribuindo para o processo cicatricial e a integração do enxerto. Já a membrana amniótica canina não deve ser utilizada para esse fim, pois provoca intensa reação inflamatória, além de impedir a nutrição do enxerto.

Revisiting Caveiro Lake sediment record: the Holocene NAO and AMO impact on Pico Island (Azores archipelago)

Science.gov (United States)

Hernandez, A.; Giralt, S.; Raposeiro, P. M.; Gonçalves, V. M.; Pueyo, J. J.; Trigo, R. M.; Bao, R.; Sáez, A.

2017-12-01

Northern Hemisphere climate is partly conditioned by a number of atmospheric and oceanic patterns which occur in the North Atlantic sector. The favourable location of the Azores Archipelago (37°-40° N, 25°-31° W) results in a privileged place to generate high-resolution Holocene climatic proxy data that can contribute to deep our understanding on the evolution of these atmospheric and oceanic patterns. In the frame of three research projects, namely PALEONAO (CGL2010-15767), RAPIDNAO (CGL2013-40608-R) and PALEOMODES (CGL2016-75281-C2), high-resolution proxy-based reconstructions from Azores Archipelago have recently shown a combined impact of atmospheric and oceanic patterns at multiannual and decadal time-scales (Rubio-Inglés et al. 2016; Hernández et al. 2017). However, the long-term evolution coupling/uncoupling of these patterns is not well-determined yet. Here, we present a new high-resolution climate reconstruction based on the Caveiro Lake sedimentary sequence in order to fill this gap. Previously, Björck et al. (2006) studied a section of this sequence (the uppermost 4.6 m covering last 6 Ka cal BP) concluding that changes in the thermohaline circulation and the SST were the main drivers in the long-term precipitation variability, whereas the NAO impact was the main atmospheric driver of short-term precipitation changes. However, they only distinguished the NAO impact for the last 600 years owing to the low resolution of the study for the lower portion of the core. The new studied sequence (8.40 m long, 8.2 Ka cal BP) has been analysed at decadal-to centennial time-scale resolution for X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray fluorescence (XRF) core scanning and elemental and isotope geochemistry on bulk organic matter. The statistical multivariate analysis of the data highlights the main drivers triggering the sedimentary infill of the lake would be the NAO and AMO by controlling the lacustrine productivity via nutrients input. This new high

Ventilação mecânica não invasiva na crise de asma aguda grave em crianças: níveis de evidências

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Paula de Souza Silva

2015-12-01

Full Text Available RESUMO Objetivo: Avaliar a qualidade das evidências existentes para embasar diretrizes do emprego da ventilação mecânica não invasiva no manejo da crise de asma aguda grave em crianças não responsivas ao tratamento padrão. Métodos: Busca, seleção e análise de todos os artigos originais sobre asma e ventilação mecânica não invasiva em crianças, publicados até 1º de setembro de 2014, em todos os idiomas, nas bases de dados eletrônicas PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, Scopus e SciELO, encontrados por meio de busca pelos descritores "asthma", "status asthmaticus", "noninvasive ventilation", "bronchospasm", "continuous positive airway pressure", "child", "infant", "pediatrics", "hypercapnia", "respiratory failure", e das palavras-chave "BIPAP", "CPAP", "bilevel", "acute asthma" e "near fatal asthma". Os artigos foram qualificados segundo os graus de evidências do Sistema GRADE. Resultados: Foram obtidos apenas nove artigos originais. Destes, dois (22% apresentaram nível de evidência A, um (11% apresentou nível de evidência B e seis (67% apresentaram nível de evidência C. Conclusão: Sugere-se que o emprego da ventilação mecânica não invasiva na crise de asma aguda grave em crianças não responsivas ao tratamento padrão é aplicável à maioria desses pacientes, mas as evidências não podem ser consideradas conclusivas, uma vez que pesquisa adicional de alta qualidade provavelmente tenha um impacto modificador na estimativa de efeito.

Ventilación mecánica no invasiva y oxigenoterapia de alto flujo en el tratamiento de la insuficiencia respiratoria

OpenAIRE

Molinero Herrero, Nuria

2017-01-01

Trabajo de fin de Grado. Grado en Enfermería (Zamora). Curso académico 2016/2017 [ES]La enfermedad obstructiva crónica (EPOC) está incluida en las enfermedades que pueden asociar a insuficiencia respiratoria. El tratamiento de soporte ventilatorio de elección es la ventilación mecánica no invasiva (VMNI) por las múltiples ventajas que ofrece. Actualmente se está desarrollando el uso de la oxigenoterapia de alto flujo (ONAF) en pacientes con insuficiencia respiratoria hipoxémica...

A politica nuclear da Argentina e do Brasil : Desenvolvimento, nao-proliferacao e democratizacao

OpenAIRE

澤田, 眞治

1994-01-01

Este artigo e uma tentativa de analisar o desenvolvimento da politica da energia nuclear da Argentina e do Brasil, com relacao ao regime internacional de naoproliferacao das armas nucleares. Dado o fato de que ambos os paises da America do Sul recusaram a assinatura do TNP(Tratad0 sobre Nao-Proliferacao das Armas Nucleares), em razao do carater discriminatorio de inspecao, a Argentina e o Brasil estavam sendo considerado os estados duvidossos que potencialmente teriam a bomba atomica. A despe...

In Situ Imaging the Oxygen Reduction Reactions of Solid State Na-O2 Batteries with CuO Nanowires as the Air Cathode.

Science.gov (United States)

Liu, Qiunan; Yang, Tingting; Du, Congcong; Tang, Yongfu; Sun, Yong; Jia, Peng; Chen, Jingzhao; Ye, Hongjun; Shen, Tongde; Peng, Qiuming; Zhang, Liqiang; Huang, Jianyu

2018-05-14

We report real time imaging of the oxygen reduction reactions (ORRs) in all solid state sodium oxygen batteries (SOBs) with CuO nanowires (NWs) as the air cathode in an aberration-corrected environmental transmission electron microscope under an oxygen environment. The ORR occurred in a distinct two-step reaction, namely, a first conversion reaction followed by a second multiple ORR. In the former, CuO was first converted to Cu 2 O and then to Cu; in the latter, NaO 2 formed first, followed by its disproportionation to Na 2 O 2 and O 2 . Concurrent with the two distinct electrochemical reactions, the CuO NWs experienced multiple consecutive large volume expansions. It is evident that the freshly formed ultrafine-grained Cu in the conversion reaction catalyzed the latter one-electron-transfer ORR, leading to the formation of NaO 2 . Remarkably, no carbonate formation was detected in the oxygen cathode after cycling due to the absence of carbon source in the whole battery setup. These results provide fundamental understanding into the oxygen chemistry in the carbonless air cathode in all solid state Na-O 2 batteries.

Enfermedad neumocócica invasiva en niños de la Región de Murcia Invasive pneumococcal disease in children in the region of Murcia, Spain

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

M.I. Espín

2002-10-01

Full Text Available Objetivo: La disponibilidad de una vacuna neumocócica conjugada plantea la necesidad de conocer la incidencia y características de la enfermedad neumocócica invasiva en niños de la Región de Murcia, con la finalidad de obtener información que pueda ser de utilidad para establecer adecuadamente las indicaciones de vacunación. Métodos: Se ha realizado una búsqueda retrospectiva de casos de enfermedad invasiva por Streptococcus pneumoniae en menores de 15 años de edad atendidos en hospitales de la Región de Murcia durante el período 1991-2000. Las fuentes de datos utilizadas han sido las bases de datos de los Servicios de Microbiología, el Conjunto Mínimo de Datos Básicos, registro de altas pediátricas y Registro EDO. Resultados: La tasa de incidencia para el período 1996-2000 fue, para los menores de 1 año, de 18,25 por 10(5 personas-año en el caso de enfermedad invasiva (10,6 para meningitis; para los menores de 2 años, de 13,6 para enfermedad invasiva (6 para meningitis; para menores de 5 años, de 8,9 (1,35 para meningitis, y para los menores de 15 años, de 3,7 (1,3 para meningitis. El 28% de los casos presentaba factores de riesgo. Las complicaciones alcanzaron el 35,2% y las secuelas el 5%. La letalidad fue del 11,8%. Los serogrupos prevalentes fueron el 19, el 6, el 18, el 5, el 14 y el 23. Conclusiones: El alto porcentaje de casos con factores de riesgo de enfermedad neumocócica invasiva aconseja la implantación de programas de vacunación dirigidos a todos los niños con factores de riesgo. La incidencia de enfermedad neumocócica invasiva encontrada en la Región de Murcia difiere de la de otras zonas geográficas; sin embargo, la incidencia de meningitis es similar a la de otros estudios. La gravedad de la enfermedad justifica la realización de estudios coste-efectividad para valorar la posible incorporación de la vacuna en el calendario vacunal.Objective: Because of the availability of a conjugate pneumococcal

EFEITOS DA LASERTERAPIA DE BAIXA INTENSIDADE E EXTRATOS VEGETAIS NO PROCESSO DE REPARO TECIDUAL: REVISÃO INTEGRATIVA

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Ana Paula Pinto

2017-05-01

Full Text Available Na prática clínica a Laserterapia de Baixa Intensidade (LBI tem sido usada para promover o alívio da dor, a ação anti-inflamatória, e para acelerar o processo de cicatrização em casos de lesão por queimaduras, feridas cirúrgicas e úlceras crônicas. Além da LBI, diversos tipos de extratos vegetais na forma hidroalcoólica ou óleo essencial, também são usadas para estimular a nutrição de células, a regeneração de tecidos e promover a velocidade de cicatrização de feridas. Neste estudo buscou-se evidências que comparasse ou associasse os efeito da LBI à óleos ou extratos vegetais no processo de cicatrização de feridas. Utilizou-se como metodologia a revisão integrativa. Na análise dos artigos, foram identificados 36 artigos, entretanto após adotar os critérios de inclusão descritos na metodologia, restaram apenas três artigos, sendo duas pesquisas que compararam os efeitos da LBI com o extrato hidroalcoólico uma que analisou a atividade das duas terapias, utilizando o extrato das folhas da Solidago chilensis e a irradiação com laser. Conclui-se que utilização a da LBI e os extratos vegetais, isoladamente, mostram-se efetivas durante o processo de reparo tecidual.

Risk ranking of pathogens in ready-to-eat unprocessed foods of non-animal origin (FoNAO) in the EU: Initial evaluation using outbreak data (2007-2011)

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Da Silva Felício, M. T.; Hald, Tine; Liebana, E.

2015-01-01

Foods of non-animal origin (FoNAO) are consumed in a variety of forms, being a major component of almost all meals. These food types have the potential to be associated with large outbreaks as seen in 2011 associated with VTEC O104. In order to identify and rank specific food/pathogen combination...... processed, stored and prepared as part of the above data collection exercises....... most often linked to human cases originating from FoNAO in the EU, a semi-quantitative model was developed using seven criteria: strength of associations between food and pathogen based on the foodborne outbreak data from EU Zoonoses Monitoring (2007-2011), incidence of illness, burden of disease, dose......NAO in the EU. Efforts to collect additional data even in the absence of reported outbreaks as well as to enhance the quality of the EU-specific data, which was used as input for all the model criteria, will allow the improvement of the model outputs. Furthermore, it is recommended that harmonised terminology...

How Does Mediterranean Basin's Atmosphere Become Weak Moisture Source During Negative Phase of NAO: Use of AIRS, AMSR, TOVS, & TRMM Satellite Datasets Over Last Two NAO Cycles to Examine Governing Controls on E-P

Science.gov (United States)

Smith, Eric A.; Mehta, Amita V.

2008-01-01

The Mediterranean Sea is a noted 'concentration" basin in that it almost continuously exhibits positive evaporation minus precipitation (E - P ) properties -- throughout the four seasons and from one year to the next. Nonetheless, according to the ECMWF Era-40 48-year (1958-2005) climate reanalysis dataset, for various phases of the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) when the pressure gradient between Portugal and Iceland becomes either very relaxed (large negative NAO-Index) or in transition (small positive or negative NAO-Index), the atmospheric moisture source properties of the basin become weak, at times even reversed for several months (i.e., negative E - P). This behavior poses numerous questions concerning how and why these events occur. Moreover, it begs the question of what it would take for the basin to reach its tipping point in which P would exceed E throughout the rainy season (some six months) on an annually persistent basis -- and the sea would possibly transform to a recurring "dilution" basin. This talk investigates these questions by: (1) establishing over a period from 1979 to present, based on detailed analyses of satellite retrieval products from a combination of NASA-AQUA, NOAA-LEO, NASA/JAXA Scatterometer, and NASA-TRMM platforms, plus additional specialized satellite data products and ancillary meteorological datasets, the actual observation-based behavior of E - P, (2) diagnosing the salient physical and meteorological mechanisms that lead to the weaker E - P events during the analysis period, partly based on analyzing surface and upper air data at discrete stations in the western and eastern Mediterranean -- while at the same time evaluating the quality of the ERA-40 data over this same time period, (3) conducting GCM and high-resolution regional modeling experiments to determine if perturbed but realistic meteorological background conditions could maintain Mediterranean as a "dilution" basin through the October to March rainy season on

Resección de fibroelastoma papilar mitral mediante cirugía mínimamente invasiva en paciente con accidente cerebrovascular

OpenAIRE

Velásquez, Oscar; Gómez, Francisco; Alzate, Fernando; Fortich, Fernando; Mejía, Alfonso

2013-01-01

Paciente quien consultó con síntomas neurológicos y se realizó diagnóstico de accidente cerebrovascular embólico cuya etiología consistió en un tumor cardíaco de la válvula mitral (fibroelastoma) con confirmación histológica. Fue intervenido quirúrgicamente mediante técnica mínimamente invasiva a través del tórax, con excelente evolución, sininfección ni requerimientos sanguíneos; no presentó secuelas valvulares ni neurológicas. Se reportó reincorporación temprana a la vida laboral....

Cuidados de enfermería en el paciente crítico con ventilación mecánica no invasiva

OpenAIRE

Peña Otero, David

2016-01-01

El desarrollo biotecnológico en el siglo XX, y la progresión mantenida en el siglo XXI, generan un gran cambio en los cuidados a los pacientes. Como disciplina y profesión sanitaria la Enfermería debe ser capaz de adaptarse a los cambios y a las necesidades de los usuarios, con el fin de garantizar y procurar la excelencia del cuidado. La Ventilación Mecánica No Invasiva (VMNI) es un soporte ventilatorio que, sin invadir la vía aérea, logra mantener presiones positivas. Sus beneficios y utili...

Cirugía valvular mitral mínimamente invasiva

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Gemma Sánchez-Espín

2016-11-01

Full Text Available Durante las últimas 2 décadas, la cirugía cardíaca ha evolucionado hacia procedimientos menos invasivos, buscando una menor agresión corporal y la rápida recuperación del paciente, resultando estos procedimientos más atractivos para los pacientes y para los cardiólogos clínicos. En la actualidad, la cirugía mitral mínimamente invasiva (CMIVMi se ha consolidado como una alternativa para los pacientes con patología de la válvula mitral. Comparada con la cirugía mitral convencional (mediante esternotomía media completa, y tras superar una curva de aprendizaje inicial, resulta ser una técnica segura y efectiva, con equivalentes resultados en el seguimiento a corto y largo plazo. A pesar de acompañarse de un incremento en los tiempos quirúrgicos (tiempo de isquemia y de circulación extracorpórea, la CMIVMi se asocia a menor estancia hospitalaria y en unidades de cuidados intensivos, menores pérdidas hemáticas y transfusiones, extubación precoz y menos arritmias, y permite una recuperación más rápida del paciente junto con un mejor resultado cosmético. Por ello, la CMIVMi resulta ser una técnica en continuo auge en distintos centros, aunque serían recomendables estudios prospectivos aleatorizados, que permitan una mejor valoración de los resultados clínicos y en términos de coste-eficiencia.

Técnica mínimamente invasiva por vía posterior para el tratamiento de fracturas diafisarias del húmero. [Posterior minimally invasive plate osteosynthesis for humeral shaft fractures

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Gerardo Gallucci

2013-08-01

Full Text Available Objetivo Comunicar la técnica mínimamente invasiva por vía posterior para la osteosíntesis de las fracturas diafisarias de húmero y evaluar los resultados clínicos y radiológicos de una serie de pacientes. Material y métodos Se evaluaron 11 pacientes (9 hombres y 2 mujeres; edad promedio, 33 años. Diez fracturas eran cerradas y una era expuesta. Se describe prolijamente la técnica quirúrgica. El seguimiento promedio fue de 22 meses. Resultados La flexo-extensión del codo fue de 140º-0°. La movilidad del hombro fue de 170° de elevación, 70° de rotación externa y rotación interna de D9. El dolor según la escala analógica visual: 0 puntos, DASH: 6; puntaje de la Clínica Mayo: 96, test de la UCLA: 33 puntos. Todas las fracturas consolidaron. Se observó una alineación normal de la diáfisis humeral en 3 de los pacientes, 7 tenían alguna deformidad en varo y uno en valgo. Un paciente desarrolló una parálisis radial posoperatoria y otro necesitó la extracción del implante por una infección. Conclusiones La técnica mínimamente invasiva posterior es una buena opción para el tratamiento de fracturas diafisarias de húmero. Es particularmente útil cuando la línea de fractura está cerca de la fosa olecraneana, debido a que, en estos casos, la técnica mínimamente invasiva por vía anterior es difícil de realizar. Los buenos resultados son similares a los reportados con las vías anterior y lateral.

Eliminating drift of the head gesture reference to enhance Google Glass-based control of an NAO humanoid robot

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Xiaoqian Mao

2017-03-01

Full Text Available This article presents a strategy for hand-free control of an NAO humanoid robot via head gesture detected by Google Glass-based multi-sensor fusion. First, we introduce a Google Glass-based robot system by integrating the Google Glass and the NAO humanoid robot, which is able to send robot commands through Wi-Fi communications between the Google Glass and the robot. Second, we detect the operator’s head gestures by processing data from multiple sensors including accelerometers, geomagnetic sensors and gyroscopes. Next, we use a complementary filter to eliminate drift of the head gesture reference, which greatly improves the control performance. This is accomplished by the high-pass filter component on the control signal. Finally, we conduct obstacle avoidance experiments while navigating the robot to validate the effectiveness and reliability of this system. The experimental results show that the robot is smoothly navigated from its initial position to its destination with obstacle avoidance via the Google Glass. This hands-free control system can benefit those with paralysed limbs.

Variability modes of precipitation along a Central Mediterranean area and their relations with ENSO, NAO, and other climatic patterns

Science.gov (United States)

Kalimeris, Anastasios; Ranieri, Ezio; Founda, Dimitra; Norrant, Caroline

2017-12-01

This study analyses a century-long set of precipitation time series in the Central Mediterranean (encompassing the Greek Ionian and the Italian Puglia regions) and investigates the statistically significant modes of the interannual precipitation variability using efficient methods of spectral decomposition. The statistical relations and the possible physical couplings between the detected modes and the global or hemispheric patterns of climatic variability (the El Niño Southern Oscillation or ENSO, the North Atlantic Oscillation or NAO, the East Atlantic or EA, the Scandinavian or SCAND, and others) were examined in the time-frequency domain and low-order synchronization events were sought. Significant modes of precipitation variability were detected in the Taranto Gulf and the southern part of the Greek Ionian region at the sub-decadal scales (mostly driven by the SCAND pattern) and particularly at the decadal and quasi-decadal scales, where strong relations found with the ENSO activity (under complex implications of EA and NAO) prior to the 1930s or after the early-1970s. The precipitation variations in the Adriatic stations of Puglia are dominated by significant bi-decadal modes which found to be coherent with the ENSO activity and also weakly related with the Atlantic Ocean sea surface temperature intrinsic variability. Additionally, important discontinuities characterize the evolution of precipitation in certain stations of the Taranto Gulf and the Greek Ionian region during the early-1960s and particularly during the early-1970s, followed by significant reductions in the mean annual precipitation. These discontinuities seem to be associated with regional effects of NAO and SCAND, probably combined with the impact of the 1970s climatic shift in the Pacific and the ENSO variability.

The near-term prediction of drought and flooding conditions in the northeastern United States based on extreme phases of AMO and NAO

Science.gov (United States)

Berton, Rouzbeh; Driscoll, Charles T.; Adamowski, Jan F.

2017-10-01

A series of hydroclimatic teleconnection patterns were identified between variations in either Atlantic or Pacific oceanic indices with precipitation and discharge anomalies in the northeastern United States. We hypothesized that temporal annual or seasonal changes in discharge could be explained by variations in extreme phases of the Atlantic Multi-decadal Oscillation (AMO index, SST: Sea Surface Temperature anomalies) and the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO index, SLP: Sea-Level Pressure anomalies) up to three seasons in advance. The Merrimack River watershed, the fourth largest basin in New England, with a drainage area of 13,000 km2, is a compelling study site because it not only provides an opportunity to investigate the teleconnection between hydrologic variables and large-scale climate circulation patterns, but also how those patterns may become obscured by anthropogenic disturbances such as river regulation or urban development. We considered precipitation and discharge data of 21 gauging stations within the Merrimack River watershed, including the Hubbard Brook Experimental Forest (HBEF), NH, with a median record length of 55 years beginning as early as 1904. The discharge anomalies were statistically significant (p-value ≤ 0.2) between extreme positive and negative phases of AMO (1857-2011) and NAO (1900-2011) and revealed the potential teleconnectivity of climate circulation patterns with discharge. Annual and seasonal correlations of discharge were examined with the extreme phases of AMO and NAO at zero-, one-, or two- year/season lags (total of 30 scenarios). When AMO was greater than 0.2, the strongest correlations of AMO and NAO with discharge were observed at headwater catchments. This correlation weakened downstream towards larger regulated and/or developed sub-basins. We introduced a simple approach for near-term prediction of drought and flooding events. An exponential decay function was regressed through the historic occurrence of the relative

Aspergillus niger causing tracheobronchitis and invasive pulmonary aspergillosis in a lung transplant recipient: case report Aspergillus niger causando traqueobronquite e aspergilose pulmonar invasiva em transplantado de pulmão: relato de caso

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Melissa Orzechowski Xavier

2008-04-01

Full Text Available A case of invasive aspergillosis caused by Aspergillus niger in a lung transplant recipient is described. The patient presented hyperglycemia starting postoperatively, with other complications such as cytomegalovirus infection. The associated predisposing factors and other implications are discussed. Aspergillus niger seems to be a fungal species of low virulence that requires the presence of a severely immunosuppressed host to cause invasive disease.Descreve-se um caso de aspergilose invasiva causada por Aspergillus niger em um paciente transplantado de pulmão com quadros hiperglicêmicos desde o pós-operatório e outras complicações como infecção por citomegalovírus. Os fatores predisponentes associados e outras implicações são discutidos. Aspergillus niger parece ser uma espécie fúngica de baixa virulência, necessitando a presença de um hospedeiro gravemente imunodeprimido para causar doença invasiva.

Resección de fibroelastoma papilar mitral mediante cirugía mínimamente invasiva en paciente con accidente cerebrovascular

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

2013-12-01

Full Text Available Paciente quien consultó con síntomas neurológicos y se realizó diagnóstico de accidente cerebrovascular embólico cuya etiología consistió en un tumor cardíaco de la válvula mitral (fibroelastoma con confirmación histológica. Fue intervenido quirúrgicamente mediante técnica mínimamente invasiva a través del tórax, con excelente evolución, sin infección ni requerimientos sanguíneos; no presentó secuelas valvulares ni neurológicas. Se reportó reincorporación temprana a la vida laboral.

Evaluación del dolor en pacientes sometidos a ventilación mecánica invasiva ingresados en las unidades de cuidados intensivos

OpenAIRE

Ferreras Llamazares, Cristina

2012-01-01

Introducción. La valoración del dolor presenta especial dificultad en pacientes críticos, en concreto en pacientes sometidos a ventilación mecánica invasiva, ya que no pueden comunicar este dolor. Objetivos. • Conocer en los enfermeros, el grado de conocimientos y la utilización de escalas del dolor en pacientes sometidos a ventilación mecánica. • Conocer la prevalencia, grado de dolor y las respuestas fisiológicas de los pacientes, antes, durante y después del cambio postural reali...

Reoperação da valva mitral minimamente invasiva sem pinçamento da aorta

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Rodrigo Milani

2013-09-01

Full Text Available INTRODUÇÃO: Reoperações da valva mitral apresentam maior índice de complicações quando comparadas com a primeira cirurgia. Com o domínio das técnicas videoassistidas para as primeiras cirurgias da valva mitral, os casos de reoperações passaram a despertar interesse para esses procedimentos menos invasivos. OBJETIVO: Analisar os resultados e as dificuldades técnicas da retroca valvar mitral minimamente invasiva em 10 pacientes. MÉTODO: A circulação extracorpórea foi instalada por meio de colocação de cânulas femorais e cânula na veia jugular interna direita, conduzida em 28 graus de temperatura em fibrilação ventricular. Realizada toracotomia lateral direita com 5 a 6 cm no terceiro ou quarto espaço intercostal. Pericárdio foi descolado apenas na região do átrio esquerdo no ponto da atriotomia. A aorta não foi pinçada. RESULTADOS: Foram avaliados 10 pacientes com idade média de 56,9±10,5 anos. Quatro encontravam-se em ritmo de fibrilação atrial e 6 em ritmo sinusal. O tempo médio entre a primeira operação e a reoperações foi de 11 ± 3,43 anos. O EuroSCORE médio do grupo foi de 8,3 ± 1,82. O tempo médio de fibrilação ventricular e de circulação extracorpórea foi respectivamente 70,9 ± 17,66 min e 109,4 ± 25,37 min. O tempo médio de internamento foi de 7,6 ± 1,5 dias. Não houve óbitos nessa série. CONCLUSÃO: A reoperação da valva mitral pode ser feita por meio de técnicas menos invasivas com bons resultados imediatos e baixa morbimortalidade. Entretanto, esse tipo de cirurgia requer maior tempo de circulação extracorpórea, especialmente nos casos em que o paciente já tenha uma prótese. A presença de uma mínima insuficiência aórtica também torna esse procedimento tecnicamente mais desafiador.

Haemophilus influenzae : Caracterización de aislamientos recuperados de enfermedades invasivas en Cuba durante el período 2008-2011

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Gilda Toraño

2012-12-01

Full Text Available Con el objetivo de caracterizar los aislamientos de Haemophilus influenzae, responsables de enfermedades invasivas en Cuba, en la etapa posterior a la vacunación se estudió el total de los recuperados durante el período 2008-2011, remitidos al Instituto "Pedro Kourí" desde diferentes provincias del país. La confirmación de especie y determinación de serotipos se realizó atendiendo al requerimiento de los factores V y X y empleando el método de aglutinación en lámina, respectivamente. Se definieron los biotipos a través de las pruebas de indol, urea y ornitina; se determinó la concentración mínima inhibitoria (CMI mediante la prueba del elipsómetro para la ampicilina, la ceftriaxona, el cloranfenicol y la rifampicina. Para 23 aislamientos se corroboró la identificación como H. influenzae : 21 fueron serotipables y 2 no tipables (HNT. El 90,4% de los serotipables fueron serotipo b y se detectaron dos serotipos a. Nueve aislamientos de H. influenzae b pertenecieron al biotipo I y los aislamientos, serotipo a y HNT, al biotipo II. En una cepa se demostró producción de la enzima ß-lactamasa y resistencia para la ampicilina y el cloranfenicol, con valores de CMI= 8 y 12 µg/mL, respectivamente. Se puso en evidencia que a pesar de la disminución de la incidencia de la enfermedad invasiva por Hib, este serotipo aún constituye el más frecuente y se alerta sobre la necesidad de una vigilancia sostenida que permita detectar fallos vacunales. La susceptibilidad antimicrobiana demostrada para este período pudiera considerarse como un beneficio adicional de la introducción de la vacunación en Cuba.

The NAO Influence on the Early to Mid-Holocene North Atlantic Coastal Upwelling

Science.gov (United States)

Hernandez, A.; Cachão, M.; Sousa, P.; Trigo, R. M.; Freitas, M. C.

2017-12-01

Coastal upwelling regions yield some of the oceanic most productive ecosystems, being crucial for the worldwide social and economic development. Most upwelling systems, emerging cold nutrient-rich deep waters, are located in the eastern boundaries of the Atlantic and Pacific basins, and are driven by meridional wind fields parallel to the coastal shore. These winds are associated with the subsiding branch of the large-scale Anticyclonic high pressure systems that dominate the subtropical ocean basins, and therefore can be displaced or intensified within the context of past and future climate changes. However, the role of the current global warming influencing the coastal upwelling is, as yet, unclear. Therefore it is essential to derive a long-term perspective, beyond the era of instrumental measurements, to detect similar warm periods in the past that have triggered changes in the upwelling patterns. In this work, the upwelling dynamics in the Iberian North Atlantic margin during the early and mid-Holocene is reconstructed, using calcareous nannofossils from a decadally resolved estuarine sediment core located in southwestern Portugal. Results suggest that the coastal dynamics reflects changes in winds direction likely related to shifts in the NAO-like conditions. Furthermore, the reconstructed centennial-scale variations in the upwelling are synchronous with changes in solar irradiance, a major external forcing factor of the climate system that is known to exert influence in atmospheric circulation patterns. In addition, these proxy-based data interpretations are in agreement with wind field and solar irradiance simulation modelling for the mid-Holocene. Therefore, the conclusion that the solar activity via the NAO modulation controlled the North Atlantic upwelling of western Iberia during the early and mid-Holocene at decadal to centennial timescales can be derived. The financial support for attending this meeting was possible through FCT project UID/GEO/50019

Invasive Aspergillus flavus sinusitis: case report in a patient with biphenotypic acute leukemia Sinusite invasiva por Aspergillus flavus: relato de um caso associado a leucemia aguda bifenotípica

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Melissa Orzechowski Xavier

2009-02-01

Full Text Available Here we report a case of invasive pansinusitis with proptosis of the right eye caused by Aspergillus flavus in an immunocompromised patient with acute biphenotypic leukemia without aggressive therapy response.Descreve-se um caso de pansinusite invasiva com proptose do globo ocular direito causado por Aspergillus flavus em um paciente imunossuprimido com leucemia aguda bifenotípica sem resposta a terapia agressiva.

Conhecimento da disponibilidade e sobre o uso da ventilação não invasiva em unidades de terapia intensiva de hospitais públicos, privados e de ensino da região metropolitana de São Paulo Availability and use of noninvasive ventilation in the intensive care units of public, private and teaching hospitals in the greater metropolitan area of São Paulo, Brazil

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Lara Maris Nápolis

2006-02-01

Full Text Available OBJETIVO: Avaliar o conhecimento da disponibilidade de equipamentos para ventilação não invasiva e o grau de conhecimento, atualização e familiaridade sobre ventilação não invasiva entre médicos, enfermeiros e fisioterapeutas em unidades de terapia intensiva de hospitais públicos, privados e de ensino da região metropolitana de São Paulo. MÉTODOS: Preenchimento de questionário no local. RESULTADOS: A disponibilidade de equipamentos para ventilação não invasiva na região metropolitana de São Paulo é elevada, sendo maior nos hospitais privados do que nos de ensino e em ambos é maior do que nos públicos. Nos hospitais públicos predomina o uso de aparelhos de ventilação invasiva adaptados para ventilação não invasiva. Nos hospitais privados predomina o gerador de fluxo e nos hospitais de ensino, os ventiladores específicos para ventilação não invasiva. Todos os fisioterapeutas sentiam-se aptos a instalar a ventilação não invasiva, contra 72,6% dos médicos e 33,3% dos enfermeiros. Médicos e fisioterapeutas tiveram grande percentagem de acertos nas indicações e contra-indicações da ventilação não invasiva, que foi menor para os enfermeiros. Em um ano, mais fisioterapeutas leram artigos científicos e participaram de aulas sobre ventilação não invasiva do que médicos, e estes mais que enfermeiros. CONCLUSÃO: A disponibilidade de equipamentos para ventilação não invasiva é elevada nos hospitais da região metropolitana de São Paulo, com diferenças no tipo de equipamento disponível. Médicos e fisioterapeutas têm elevado grau de acerto nas indicações e contra-indicações de seu uso. Fisioterapeutas sentem-se mais aptos a instalar a ventilação não invasiva e estão mais atualizados do que médicos e enfermeiros.OBJECTIVE: To determine the availability of noninvasive positive-pressure ventilation equipment, as well as the level of expertise and familiarity of physicians, nurses and

Medida no invasiva de la presión arterial central mediante tonometría por aplanamiento. Análisis de la onda de pulso

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Dr. Alvaro Hermida Amejeiras

2012-12-01

Full Text Available La tonometría por aplanamiento (TA es una medida indirecta, no invasiva, reproducible y validada para estimar la forma de la onda de pulso aórtica13. La propia forma de la onda de pulso, junto con la amplitud de la misma o su duración aportan información útil para el diagnóstico y manejo de diferentes entidades nosológicas (ej. cambios asociados al envejecimiento, hipertensión arterial, cardiopatía isquémica, diabetes mellitus, hábito tabáquico,....

Factores pronósticos del éxito de la ventilación mecánica no invasiva en la insuficiencia respiratoria aguda

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Zadis Navarro Rodríguez

2014-01-01

Full Text Available Se realizó un estudio observacional, descriptivo y analítico, de casos y controles, de 41 afectados con insuficiencia respiratoria aguda, tratados con ventilación mecánica no invasiva y egresados de las unidades de atención a pacientes en estado grave en el Hospital Provincial Docente Clinicoquirúrgico "Saturnino Lora Torres" de Santiago de Cuba, del 2012 al 2013, con vistas a describir la variabilidad de los parámetros fisiológicos y hemogasométricos, así como estimar la capacidad de pronóstico de estos en el desenlace exitoso del procedimiento. En la serie la media de edad fue de 60 años, predominó el sexo masculino (61,0 %, la técnica fue exitosa en 80,5 % y se constataron resultados significativos de éxito en pacientes con enfermedad pulmonar obstructiva crónica, asma bronquial e insuficiencia respiratoria aguda posextubación (76,9; 87,5 y 100,0 %, respectivamente. El éxito de la ventilación mecánica no invasiva trajo aparejada una mejoría considerable en los integrantes de la casuística al final de la evaluación de todos los parámetros fisiológicos y hemogasométricos, a excepción, en este último caso, de la presión arterial de dióxido de carbono y el bicarbonato sódico. Finalmente se concluyó que solo la escala de coma de Glasgow y la presión arterial de oxígeno presentaron importancia significativa para el pronóstico de éxito

Vigilancia de serotipos en infecciones invasivas por Haemophilus influenzae en la Argentina en la era de la vacuna conjugada contra el serotipo b durante el período 2005-2010

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Adriana M. Efron

Full Text Available La introducción de la vacuna contra Haemophilus influenzae tipo b en los programas de inmunización de muchos países produjo una reducción marcada en la incidencia de enfermedad invasiva causada por este serotipo y en su portación y un incremento de otros tipos capsulares y de aislamientos no capsulados. Se estudiaron 313 aislamientos de H. influenzae recuperados de sitio estéril, provenientes de pacientes pediátricos y adultos con enfermedad invasiva atendidos en 90 hospitales de la Red Nacional de Laboratorios para Meningitis e Infecciones Respiratorias Agudas Bacterianas durante el período 2005-2010. Las patologías más frecuentes fueron neumonía, 40,3 % (n = 126, meningitis, 30,0 % (n = 94 y bacteriemia, 26,5 % (n = 83. En los pacientes pediátricos (n = 279, la mayor frecuencia de aislamientos correspondió a menores de 2 años, 74,5 % (n = 208. Con respecto a la distribución de tipos, el 61,3 %, correspondió a H. influenzae no capsulados (n = 192; el 20,1 % al b (n = 63; 11,2 % al a (n = 35; 4,8 % al f y 2,6 % a otros. En meningitis predominaron H. influenzae capsulados mientras que en neumonía y bacteriemia resultaron dominantes los tipos no capsulados. Se determinó el biotipo en 306 aislamientos. Todos los aislamientos de tipo a correspondieron al biotipo II; el 66,7 % de los tipo b pertenecieron al biotipo I. Mediante las técnicas de aglutinación en lámina y PCR se estudiaron 220 aislamientos; la concordancia entre ambas fue de 0,982 (IC: 0,92-1,00. En el último año se encontró un aumento significativo del tipo b, lo cual indica la importancia de mantener la vigilancia clínica y laboratorial de la enfermedad invasiva por H. influenzae.

Localización probabilística del humanoide Nao en el campo de la RoboCup

OpenAIRE

García Sierra, Juan Felipe; Fernández Llamas, Camino; Matellán Olivera, Vicente; Rodríguez Lera, Francisco Javier

2010-01-01

Una de las habilidades fundamentales que debe poseer un robot para definirse como autónomo es la de autolocalizarse en un entorno dado. En este artículo abordaremos el problema de la localización aplicando técnicas probabilísticas combinando representaciones topológicas y métricas sobre un terreno acotado como es el campo de fútbol de la RoboCup. El artículo presenta también el funcionamiento y resultados obtenidos sobre un conjunto de pruebas simuladas y reales utilizando el humanoide Nao...

Avaliação clínica radiológica da artrodese lombar transforaminal aberta versus minimamente invasiva Evaluación clínica radiológica de la artrodesis lumbar transforaminal abierta versus mínimamente invasiva Clinical and radiological evaluation of open transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion versus minimally invasive

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Cristiano Magalhães Menezes

2009-09-01

Full Text Available OBJETIVO: a proposta deste trabalho é comparar os resultados clínicos e radiológicos dos pacientes submetidos à artrodese transforaminal aberta e minimamente invasiva. MÉTODOS: quarenta e cinco pacientes foram submetidos à artrodese lombar transforaminal pelo Grupo de Cirurgia Espinhal do Hospital Lifecenter/Ortopédico de Belo Horizonte, no período de Dezembro de 2005 a Maio de 2007, sendo 15 no grupo de artrodese aberta e 30 pacientes do grupo de artrodese minimamente invasiva (MIS. As indicações para a artrodese intersomática foram: doença degenerativa do disco, associada ou não a hérnia de disco ou estenose do canal; espondilolistese de baixo grau espondilolítica ou degenerativa; e síndrome pós-laminectomia/discectomia. As variáveis analisadas foram: tempo de cirurgia, tempo de internação hospitalar, necessidade de hemotransfusão, escala analógica visual de dor (VAS lombar e dos membros inferiores, Oswestry, índice de consolidação da artrodese e retorno ao trabalho. RESULTADOS: o seguimento mínimo foi de 24 meses. Havia oito homens e sete mulheres no Grupo Aberto e 17 homens e 13 mulheres no Grupo MIS. O tempo cirúrgico médio foi de 222 minutos e 221 minutos, respectivamente. Houve melhora significativa da VAS e Oswestry no pós-operatório em ambos os grupos. O tempo de internação hospitalar variou de 3,3 dias para o Grupo Aberto e 1,8 dias para o Grupo MIS. O índice de fusão obtido foi de 93,3% em ambos os grupos. Houve necessidade de hemotransfusão em três pacientes no Grupo Aberto (20% e nenhum caso MIS. CONCLUSÕES: a transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion (TLIF minimamente invasiva apresenta resultados similares em longo prazo quando comparado à TLIF aberta, com os benefícios adicionais de menor morbidade pós-operatória, menor período de internação e reabilitação precoce.OBJETIVO: la propuesta de este trabajo es comparar los resultados clínicos y radiológicos de los pacientes sometidos a la

Teleconnections in Groundwater of U.S. Principal Aquifers to the Non-Stationarity of ENSO, NAO, PDO, and AMO

Science.gov (United States)

Gurdak, J. J.; Kuss, A. M.

2012-12-01

Groundwater will play an important role in society's adaptation to climate variability and change. Therefore, it is particularly important to detect and quantify teleconnections in groundwater with non-stationarity in climate variability on interannual to multidecadal timescales because of the tangible and near-term implications for water-resource management. Interannual to multidecadal climate variability partially controls precipitation distribution in space and time, drought frequency and severity, snowmelt runoff, streamflow, and other hydrologic processes that profoundly affects surface-water resources. However, the effects of interannual to multidecadal climate variability on recharge rates and mechanisms and other subsurface hydrologic processes that affect groundwater quantity and quality are largely unknown in most aquifers of the United States (U.S.) and other regions of the world. Here we use singular spectrum analysis (SSA), wavelet coherence analysis, and lag correlation to quantify the effects of the El Niño Southern Oscillation (ENSO) (2-7 year cycle), North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) (3-6 year cycle), Pacific Decadal Oscillation (PDO) (10-25 year cycle), and Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation (AMO) (50-70 year cycle) on precipitation, groundwater levels, simulated groundwater pumping, and climate varying recharge rates across the regionally extensive Central Valley (52,000 km2), Basin and Range (700,000 km2), High Plains (450,000 km2), and North Atlantic Coastal Plain (130,000 km2) Principal Aquifers (PAs) of the U.S. The results indicate that precipitation, recharge, and groundwater levels are partially affected by interannual to multidecadal climate variability and groundwater-level fluctuations are not solely a function of temporal patterns in pumping. ENSO and PDO have a greater control than NAO and AMO on variability in precipitation and groundwater levels across the U.S., particularly in the western and central PAs. At many locations, recharge

TÉCNICAS NÃO INVASIVAS PARA REDUÇÃO DA LIPODISTROFIA LOCALIZADA: EVIDÊNCIAS ATUAIS. ÊNFASE NO TRATAMENTO COM CRIOLIPÓLISE.

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Valdinara de Oliveira Crippa

2016-12-01

Full Text Available A busca pela satisfação da beleza estética e bem estar físico é uma preocupação presente na sociedade, e isso tem contribuído para o aumento crescente do número de clientes que procuram os tratamentos estéticos para minimizar as imperfeições corporais. A lipodistrofia localizada tem sido um dos maiores motivos dessa procura, e a solução dessa patologia tem sido cada vez mais a preferência por métodos que não limitem a rotina diária. Massagem modeladora, ultrassom, radiofrequência, vacuoterapia, eletrolipoforese e criolipólise são algumas das principais técnicas não invasivas disponíveis no mercado estético para o tratamento da lipodistrofia localizada, sendo a mais recente, a criolipólise, com um número cada vez maior de adeptos devido resultado altamente eficiente com menor número de sessões. Diante disso, o presente trabalho teve por objetivo abordar o conceito e as principais características da lipodistrofia localizada e apresentar esses principais tratamentos não invasivos para a disfunção. Para isso foi realizada uma pesquisa bibliográfica, apontando as evidências científicas da utilização desses recursos. Os resultados encontrados foram significativos e satisfatórios, apontando a eficácia desses tratamentos. Concluiu-se então que as técnicas não invasivas apresentadas são eficazes na redução de medidas corporais e no tratamento da lipodistrofia localizada, quando aplicadas corretamente a partir de protocolos cientificamente comprovados.

Perfuração do colo por colite amebiana invasiva durante terapia anti-TNF para espondiloartrite♧

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Juan Pablo Restrepo

2014-12-01

Full Text Available O bloqueio do TNF tem tido sucesso no tratamento de algumas doenças reumáticas, como a espondiloartrite. Relatam-se muitas complicações infecciosas com a terapia anti-TNF, principalmente infecções bacterianas, micobacterianas, virais e fúngicas. A Entamoeba histolytica é um protozoário extracelular que causa principalmente colite e abscesso hepático, sendo que a perfuração intestinal é uma complicação rara, com alta mortalidade. O TNF é considerado o principal mediador da imunidade celular contra a amebíase. Inicialmente, é quimiotático para a E. histolytica, potencializando sua adesão ao enterócito por meio da lectina galactose-inibível, e depois ativando os macrófagos para matarem a ameba pela liberação de NO; assim, o bloqueio do TNF poderia ser prejudicial, aumentando a virulência amebiana. Descreve-se o caso de uma mulher de 46 anos com espondiloartrite que apresentou uma perfuração do colo por colite amebiana invasiva durante uso de anti-TNF.

Inhibition of carrageenan-induced expression of tissue and plasma prekallikreins mRNA by low level laser therapy in a rat paw edema model Inibição da expressão de RNA mensageiro de pré-calicreínas tecidual e plasmática pela laserterapia em modelo de edema de pata induzido pela carragenina em ratos

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Moisés P. Silva

2011-02-01

Full Text Available BACKGROND: Low level laser therapy (LLLT has been used clinically in order to treat inflammation, where tissue and plasma prekallikrein have crucial importance. Plasma prekallikrein (PPK is synthesized by the hepatocytes and secreted into the bloodstream, where it participates in the surface-dependent activation of blood coagulation, fibrinolysis, kinin generation and inflammation. Tissue prekallikrein is associated with important disease states (including cancer, inflammation, and neurodegeneration and has been utilized or proposed as clinically important biomarker or therapeutic target of interest. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate if LLLT modulates tissue and plasma prekallikreins mRNA expression in the carrageenan-induced rat paw edema. METHODS: Experimental groups were assigned as followed: A1 (Control-saline, A2 (Carrageenan-only, A3 (laser 660nm only and A4 (Carrageenan + laser 660nm. Edema was measured by a plethysmometer. Subplantar tissue was collected for the quantification of prekallikreins mRNA by Real time-Polymerase Chain Reaction. RESULTS: A significantly decrease in the edema was observed after laser irradiation. Expression of prekallikreins increased after carrageenan injection. Tissue and plasma prekallikrein mRNA expression significantly decreased after LLLT's 660nm wavelength. CONCLUSION: These results suggest that expression of tissue and plasma prekallikreins is modulated by LLLT, which can be used in clinical practice due to its anti-inflammatory effects.CONTEXTUALIZAÇÃO: A laserterapia de baixa potência tem sido usada para o tratamento de processos inflamatórios diversos em que a calicreína tecidual e a plasmática possuem participação ativa. A pré-calicreína plasmática (PPK é sintetizada pelos hepatócitos e secretada na corrente sanguínea, onde participa da ativação da coagulação, fibrinólise, geração de cininas e inflamação. A pré-calicreína tecidual está associada com importantes doenças (incluindo c

Progress in Suppressing Scattered Light into the Optical Beam Path of the NAO Rozhen 2m Telescope

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Ovcharov, E. P.; Petrov, N.; Markov, H.; Bonev, T.; Donchev, Z.

2010-09-01

In this poster paper we present a summary of the published analysis of the spatial dependence of the magnitudes derived from images obtained in the RC focal plane of the 2m RCC NAO Rozhen telescope. An alert for the possible reason was the unusually curved flat-field images taken as a part of the standard CCD calibration procedure. The reasons for the problem are described and a solution is presented, which consists modification of the mirror baffles and mounting of special diaphragm at the entrance of the filter wheel.

Consenso Argentino De Ventilacion No Invasiva Argentine consensus of non-invasive ventilation

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Ana R. Diez

2005-10-01

Full Text Available La ventilación no invasiva (VNI ha alcanzado notable difusión en los últimos años. El ahorro de las complicaciones causadas por la intubación traqueal la hace especialmente atractiva en pacientes que presentan insuficiencia respiratoria aguda (IRA no muy grave y que conservan cierta autonomía respiratoria. También se han descripto efectos terapéuticos en pacientes con insuficiencia respiratoria crónica de etiologías diversas. No obstante, los resultados obtenidos son variables según las circunstancias que motivan su aplicación. A fin de revisar la evidencia a favor de su uso se elaboró este Consenso referido particularmente a la VNI a presión positiva. Se describen su fundamento fisiopatológico, esencial para su correcta aplicación, y el equipamiento necesario para implementarla. La evidencia existente en la literatura establece definida utilidad de la VNI en la exacerbación de la EPOC y en el edema agudo de pulmón cardiogénico (Recomendación A. Su beneficio es aún incierto en pacientes con IRA secundaria a síndrome de dificultad respiratoria aguda, salvo en el subgrupo de pacientes inmunosuprimidos (Recomendación B. Los resultados son también favorables en la desvinculación de la asistencia respiratoria mecánica (ARM, especialmente en pacientes ventilados por exacerbación de EPOC (Recomendación A. En la insuficiencia respiratoria crónica se ha hallado mejoría en la calidad de vida y mayor sobrevida en pacientes con enfermedades restrictivas (Recomendación B, mientras que existe aún controversia sobre su utilidad en pacientes con EPOC estable (Recomendación C. La VNI debe ser aplicada con estándares de cuidados que son establecidos. Se revisan las eventuales complicaciones derivadas de su uso y el beneficio costo-efectividad ahorrando recursos de mayor complejidad y disminuyendo los riesgos que implica la ARM invasiva.Non-invasive ventilation (NIV is nowadays increasingly used. The significant decrease in

Efectividad de la cirugía mínimamente invasiva en un hospital universitario de Santiago de Cuba

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Ernesto Manuel Luzardo Silveira

2013-11-01

Full Text Available Se realizó un estudio prospectivo y descriptivo de 112 pacientes, atendidos en el Hospital Universitario "Dr. Ambrosio Grillo Portuondo" de Santiago de Cuba, desde junio de 2011 hasta diciembre de 2012, a fin de mostrar la efectividad de la cirugía mínimamente invasiva en los afectados. En la casuística predominaron el sexo femenino (75,9 %, las operaciones electivas y la litiasis vesicular como la afección más frecuente (73,2 %. La presencia de cicatrices por cirugía anterior, la edad y las enfermedades asociadas no constituyeron limitantes para la selección de los pacientes; solo en 3 de ellos se empleó la conversión a técnica convencional, debido a dificultades técnicas anatómicas. No hubo fallecidos. La complicación más significativa fue la lesión del conducto hepato-colédoco en 2 colecistectomías.

A laserterapia de baixa potência melhora o desempenho muscular mensurado por dinamometria isocinética em humanos Low-level laser therapy enhances muscular performance as measured by isokinetic dynamometry in humans

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Ernesto Cesar Pinto Leal Junior

2010-12-01

Full Text Available A fadiga muscular é uma nova área de pesquisa em laserterapia, com poucos estudos conduzidos. Embora a laserterapia de baixa potência (LBP previamente ao exercício tenha apresentado resultados positivos no retardo da fadiga musculoesquelética, ainda não foi estudada utilizando-se a dinamometria isocinética para mensurar desempenho e fadiga muscular. Este estudo tem o objetivo de avaliar os efeitos da LBP (655 nm, 50 mW, 2,4 J por ponto e 12 J de energia total sobre o desempenho e fadiga muscular do músculo tibial anterior, utilizando dinamometria isocinética (30 repetições de contração concêntrica em 14 indivíduos saudáveis sedentários do sexo masculino. Os voluntários foram avaliados ao efetuar 30 repetições isocinéticas de dorsiflexão de tornozelo à velocidade angular de 240°.seg-1. Os resultados mostram que, quando os voluntários foram tratados com LBP antes do exercício, os valores do pico de torque (30,91±5,86 N.m foram significativamente superiores, comparados a três medições anteriores sem a aplicação de LBP (24,92±7,45 N.m, pSkeletal muscle fatigue is a novel research area in laser therapy, there being few studies carried out. Though low-level laser therapy (LLLT applied prior to exercise has showed positive results in delaying skeletal muscle fatigue, no studies could be found that measured muscle performance and fatigue by means of isokinetic dynamometry. This clinical trial aims at assessing the effects of LLLT (655 nm, 50 mW and 12 J total energy delivered on anterior tibialis muscle performance and fatigue by means of isokinetic dynamometry (30 concentric-mode repetitions at 240º.sec-1 angular speed in 14 healthy male subjects. Results show that, when volunteers had been treated with LLLT prior to exercise, torque peak values (30.91±5.86 N.m were significantly higher than those of three previous measurements with no LLLT (24.92±7.45 N.m, p<0.001; 26.83±7.74 N.m, p<0.01; and 26.00±7.88 N.m, p<0

The influences of the AMO and NAO on the sedimentary infill in an Azores Archipelago lake since ca. 1350 CE

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Hernández, Armand; Sáez, Alberto; Bao, Roberto; Raposeiro, Pedro M.; Trigo, Ricardo M.; Doolittle, Sara; Masqué, Pere; Rull, Valentí; Gonçalves, Vítor; Vázquez-Loureiro, David; Rubio-Inglés, María J.; Sánchez-López, Guiomar; Giralt, Santiago

2017-07-01

The location of the Azores Archipelago in the North Atlantic makes this group of islands an excellent setting to study the long-term behavior of large oceanic and atmospheric climate dynamic patterns, such as the Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation (AMO) and the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO). Here, we present the impacts of these patterns on Lake Empadadas (Azores Archipelago) from the Medieval Climate Anomaly (MCA) - Little Ice Age (LIA) transition to the present based on sedimentological, geochemical and biological characterizations of the sedimentary record. Multivariate analyses of a number of proxies including X-ray fluorescence (XRF), X-ray diffraction (XRD), total organic and inorganic carbon (TOC and TIC) and diatom life forms abundance reveal that the sedimentary infill evolution has been controlled by (i) fluctuations in the lake level and (ii) variations in organic matter accumulation. Both processes are governed by climate variability and modulated by anthropogenic activities associated with changes on the lake catchment. Changes in these two sedimentary processes have been used to infer five stages: (i) the MCA-LIA transition (ca. 1350-1450 CE) was characterized by a predominantly positive AMO phase, which led to intermediate lake levels and high organic matter concentration; (ii) the first half of the LIA (ca. 1450-1600 CE) was characterized by predominant lowstand conditions and intermediate organic matter deposition mainly related to negative AMO phases; (iii) the second half of the LIA (ca. 1600-1850 CE) was characterized by negative AMO and NAO phases, implying intermediate lake levels and high organic matter deposition; (iv) the Industrial era (ca. 1850-1980 CE) was characterized by the lowest lake level and organic matter accumulation associated with negative AMO phases; and (v) the period spanning between 1980 CE and the present reveals the highest lake levels and low organic matter deposition, being associated with very positive AMO

Cirugía valvular aórtica mínimamente invasiva

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Emiliano A. Rodríguez-Caulo

2016-11-01

Full Text Available El envejecimiento de la población ha aumentado el número de cirugías sobre la válvula aórtica. Durante los últimos 20 años la técnica quirúrgica ha evolucionado hacia una menor agresión corporal, apareciendo nuevos tipos de cirugía aórtica mínimamente invasiva (CMIAo. De todas estas técnicas, la hemiesternotomía superior (HES, o miniesternotomía, se ha convertido en la más utilizada, seguida por la minitoracotomía anterior derecha (MTA. Ambas, comparadas con la cirugía convencional, han demostrado una recuperación más rápida, mejor resultado cosmético, menor estancia hospitalaria y en UCI, mejor función respiratoria, menor pérdida de sangre y transfusiones, e incluso menor mortalidad precoz y tardía. A pesar de estos avances, su uso no se ha extendido definitivamente debido a un incremento en los tiempos de isquemia y de circulación extracorpórea (CEC necesarios en estos procedimientos más complejos. La aparición de las prótesis sin sutura «Sutureless» de nueva generación puede solventar este contratiempo al reducir hasta en un 43% los tiempos de isquemia y CEC, y permitir que la CMIAo se expanda y sea una alternativa real a las válvulas transcatéter (TAVI en los pacientes de alto riesgo operables. A pesar de que son recomendables ensayos clínicos prospectivos aleatorizados para confirmar estos datos, existe suficiente evidencia disponible como para considerar la CMIAo (sobre todo la HES como el gold standard actual para la sustitución valvular aórtica aislada.

Diversity and uses of Zingiberaceae in Nam Nao National Park, Chaiyaphum and Phetchabun provinces, Thailand, with a new record for Thailand

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Surapon Saensouk

2016-11-01

Full Text Available Three tribes, 12 genera and 38 species of the ginger family (Zingiberaceae along five routes in Nam Nao National Park were surveyed between January 2012 and December 2013 to determine their diversity, ecological data, phenology, uses and conservation status. The highest diversity was found in the tribe Zingibereae (6 genera and 21 species, of which the genera Curcuma and Zingiber comprised the highest number species (eight species each. A species key was constructed based on morphology. The ginger family was found in four forest-types—deciduous dipterocarp forest, mixed deciduous forest, dry evergreen forest and pine forest. The most flowering bloom of the ginger family in Nam Nao National Park was during March to August and the most fruiting bloom was during June to September. The popular uses of Zingiberaceae were as a food, spice, in medicine, as ornamentation and in rituals. Eight species have been evaluated as of least concern and are presented in the IUCN Red List, while two rare species were reported in Thailand Red Data: Plants, while six rare Zingiberaceae species were identified based on the evaluation criteria of Saensouk (2011. Four species were endemic to Thailand. Moreover, Etlingera yunnanensis (T. L. Wu & S. J. Chen R. M. Smith was a new record for Thailand.

Detecting the Benefits of Shade Management in the Thermal Regime of an Upland River Under Positive and Negative Phases of the NAO

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Wilby, R.; Johnson, M. F.

2017-12-01

Water temperature is an important determinant of river ecosystem function and health. Hence, there is growing concern about rising surface water temperatures as a consequence of global warming and human modifications to river regimes. Some agencies are advocating riparian shade management as a means of `keeping rivers cool'. As appealing as this policy might seem, there are a host of practical considerations such as which species to plant, where to plant, and how much to plant? Moreover, there can be unintended consequences for groundwater recharge, flood risk and nutrient fluxes through the buffer zone. The thermal benefits of tree-planting may also be hard to detect amidst the integrated, downstream effects of landscape shade and flows from springs. Yet, to truly evaluate shade management as an adaptation to climate change, clear evidence is needed of the costs and benefits of this local intervention. What has this got to do with natural modes of climate variability? Continental scale, hydrological impacts of ENSO, the PDO and NAO have been widely reported - these periodic variations in ocean-atmosphere circulations are often blamed for floods, droughts, wildfire, crop failures, and the like. But there is emerging evidence that such phenomena also drive inter-annual variations in the heat flux of rivers. This matters because the underlying signal can confound field and model experiments intended to test adaptation options. Here, we present evidence of NAO signatures in the water temperature regime of the River Dove, UK. We compare the amplitude of these thermal variations with the expected benefit of tree planting. We demonstrate that the difference in maximum summer water temperature between strongly positive and strongly negative NAO phases can be about 2.5°C. This is equivalent to the thermal benefit of more than 2 km of riparian shade for the river studied. So, whilst modes of climate variability undoubtedly have a global footprint, let us not forget that

Determination of the absolute second-order rate constant for the reaction Na + O3 → NaO + O2

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Husain, David; Marshall, Paul; Plane, J.M.C.

1985-01-01

The absolute second-order rate constant for the reaction Na + O 3 -> NaO + O 2 (k 1 ) has been determined by time-resolved atomic resonance absorption spectroscopy at lambda = 589 nm [Na(3 2 Psub(j)) 2 Ssub(1/2))] following pulsed irradiation, coupled with monitoring of O 3 by light absorption in the ultra-violet; this yields k 1 (500 K) = 4(+4,-2) x 10 -10 cm 3 molecule -1 s -1 , resolving large differences for various estimates of this important quantity used in modelling the sodium layer in the mesosphere. (author)

Estudo sobre os elementos de uma interpretação invasiva na abordagem psicanalítica winnicottiana Estudio sobre los elementos de una interpretación invasiva en el abordaje psicoanalítico winnicottiano Study on the elements of an invasive interpretation in the Winnicott psychoanalytical approach

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Conceição Aparecida Serralha

2012-04-01

Full Text Available Partindo dos textos freudianos, este estudo reapresenta brevemente a técnica da interpretação em psicanálise e, baseando-se na obra de Winnicott, discute os elementos de uma interpretação sentida de forma invasiva pelo analisando. São identificados, nomeados e discutidos os elementos apontados por este autor: tempo, modo, graus de confiabilidade, objetividade e conhecimento, sendo ilustrados por alguns fragmentos de sessão de casos de Winnicott e de um caso da autora. O estudo evidencia a importância da capacidade de o analista se identificar com o analisando para interpretar, recebendo e entendendo a comunicação deste sobre a adequação de todos esses elementos ao seu caso.Partiendo de los textos freudianos, este estudio reapresenta brevemente la técnica de la interpretación en psicoanálisis y, basándose en la obra de Winnicott, discute los elementos de una interpretación sentida de forma invasiva por el analizando. Son identificados, nombrados y discutidos los elementos apuntados por este autor: tiempo, modo, grados de confiabilidad, objetividad y conocimiento, siendo ilustrados por algunos fragmentos de sesión de casos de Winnicott y de un caso de lo autor. El estudio evidencia la importancia de la capacidad de el analista identificarse con el analizando para interpretar, recibiendo y entendiendo la comunicación de este sobre la adecuación de todos esos elementos a su caso.From the Freudian texts, this study reintroduces briefly the technique of interpretation in psychoanalysis and, based on the Winnicott's works, discusses the elements of an interpretation felt invasive by the patient. The elements pointed out by this author and identified, named and discussed include: time, manner, degrees of trustworthiness, objectiveness and knowledge. They are illustrated with fragments of session of Winnicott's cases and one case of the author. The study highlights the importance of the analyst's capacity of identifying him

Ventilação mecânica não-invasiva com pressão positiva Noninvasive mechanical ventilation with positive pressure

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Guilherme P. P. Schettino

2007-06-01

Full Text Available JUSTIFICATIVA E OBJETIVOS: Em 2000, foi publicado o II Consenso Brasileiro de Ventilação Mecânica. Desde então, o conhecimento na área da ventilação mecânica avançou rapidamente, com a publicação de numerosos estudos clínicos que acrescentaram informações importantes para o manejo de pacientes críticos em ventilação artificial. Além disso, a expansão do conceito de Medicina Baseada em Evidências determinou a hierarquização das recomendações clínicas, segundo o rigor metodológico dos estudos que as embasaram. Essa abordagem explícita vem ampliando a compreensão e a aplicação das recomendações clínicas. Por esses motivos, a AMIB - Associação de Medicina Intensiva Brasileira - e a SBPT - Sociedade Brasileira de Pneumologia e Tisiologia - julgaram conveniente a atualização das recomendações descritas no Consenso anterior. Dentre os tópicos selecionados a Ventilação Mecânica Não-Invasiva foi um dos temas propostos. O objetivo deste estudo foi descrever os pontos mais importantes relacionados à ventilação mecânica na forma não-invasiva (VMNI e sugerir as principais indicações dessa modalidade. MÉTODO: Objetivou-se chegar a um documento suficientemente sintético, que refletisse a melhor evidência disponível na literatura. A revisão bibliográfica baseou-se na busca de estudos através de palavras-chave e em sua gradação conforme níveis de evidência. As palavras-chave utilizadas para a busca foram: Ventilação mecânica não invasiva: Non-invasive mechanical ventilation. RESULTADOS: São apresentadas recomendações quanto à utilização da VMNI nas diversas formas de insuficiência respiratória e no desmame da ventilação mecânica. CONCLUSÕES: A VMNI está indicada como o tratamento preferencial na exacerbação da DPOC, assim como, na assistência de pacientes em edema agudo de pulmão.BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: The II Brazilian Consensus Conference on Mechanical Ventilation was

Autismo e doenças invasivas de desenvolvimento Autism and pervasive developmental disorders

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Carlos A. Gadia

2004-04-01

Full Text Available OBJETIVO: Revisar os aspectos neurobiológicos do autismo e das doenças invasivas de desenvolvimento. Oferecer ao pediatra informações atualizadas sobre diagnóstico e tratamento. FONTES DOS DADOS: Revisão bibliográfica, abordando o tema por meio do sistema MEDLINE e procura direta. SÍNTESE DOS DADOS: Conforme dados da literatura, o autismo é a terceira mais comum desordem no desenvolvimento, ocorrendo em 40 a 130 casos por 100.000. O diagnóstico é clínico, baseado nos critérios do DSM-IV. Os exames de neuroimagem e neurofetologia e os estudos genéticos contribuem para o melhor entendimento da neurobiologia do autismo. CONCLUSÃO: O pediatra é o primeiro médico a entrar em contato com o paciente autista e deve estar apto para reconhecer os desvios do desenvolvimento e orientar a investigação e o tratamento multidisciplinar.OBJECTIVE: To review the current knowledge on neurobiological aspects of autism and pervasive developmental disorders, as well as to provide pediatricians with up to date information on diagnosis and treatment of autism. SOURCES OF DATA: Review of MEDLINE and Internet. SUMMARY OF THE FINDINGS: Autism is the 3rd developmental disorder, with an incidence of 40 to 130/100,000 individuals. Diagnosis is based on clinical findings, following DSM IV criteria. Neuroimaging, investigation of fetal neurological status, and genetic investigation contribute towards a better understanding of the neurobiology of autism. CONCLUSION: Pediatricians are the first health professional to come in contact with patients with autism. Thus, they should be able to diagnose and to coordinate the multidisciplinary treatment of these patients.

Type II Cepheids: evidence for Na-O anticorrelation for BL Her type stars?

Science.gov (United States)

Kovtyukh, V.; Yegorova, I.; Andrievsky, S.; Korotin, S.; Saviane, I.; Lemasle, B.; Chekhonadskikh, F.; Belik, S.

2018-06-01

The chemical composition of 28 Population II Cepheids and one RR Lyrae variable has been studied using high-resolution spectra. The chemical composition of W Vir variable stars (with periods longer than 8 d) is typical for the halo and thick disc stars. However, the chemical composition of BL Her variables (with periods of 0.8-4 d) is drastically different, although it does not differ essentially from that of the stars belonging to globular clusters. In particular, the sodium overabundance ([Na/Fe] ≈ 0.4) is reported for most of these stars, and the Na-O anticorrelation is also possible. The evolutionary tracks for BL Her variables (with a progenitor mass value of 0.8 solar masses) indicate that mostly helium-overabundant stars (Y = 0.30-0.35) can fall into the instability strip region. We suppose that it is the helium overabundance that accounts not only for the existence of BL Her variable stars but also for the observed abnormalities in the chemical composition of this small group of pulsating variables.

The Little Ice Age was 1.0-1.5 °C cooler than current warm period according to LOD and NAO

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Mazzarella, Adriano; Scafetta, Nicola

2018-02-01

We study the yearly values of the length of day (LOD, 1623-2016) and its link to the zonal index (ZI, 1873-2003), the Northern Atlantic oscillation index (NAO, 1659-2000) and the global sea surface temperature (SST, 1850-2016). LOD is herein assumed to be mostly the result of the overall circulations occurring within the ocean-atmospheric system. We find that LOD is negatively correlated with the global SST and with both the integral function of ZI and NAO, which are labeled as IZI and INAO. A first result is that LOD must be driven by a climatic change induced by an external (e.g. solar/astronomical) forcing since internal variability alone would have likely induced a positive correlation among the same variables because of the conservation of the Earth's angular momentum. A second result is that the high correlation among the variables implies that the LOD and INAO records can be adopted as global proxies to reconstruct past climate change. Tentative global SST reconstructions since the seventeenth century suggest that around 1700, that is during the coolest period of the Little Ice Age (LIA), SST could have been about 1.0-1.5 °C cooler than the 1950-1980 period. This estimated LIA cooling is greater than what some multiproxy global climate reconstructions suggested, but it is in good agreement with other more recent climate reconstructions including those based on borehole temperature data.

Principios de la evaluación hemodinámica no invasiva con cardiografía de impedancia Principles of non-invasive hemodynamic assessment with impedance cardiography

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Juan E Ochoa M

2009-06-01

Full Text Available La cardiografía de impedancia es una técnica no invasiva que permite una determinación rápida, continua y reproducible del gasto cardiaco latido a latido. Mide los cambios en la resistencia eléctrica del tórax que se producen por las variaciones en el volumen sanguíneo en la aorta durante el ciclo cardiaco. La medición continua del cambio en la impedancia o las fluctuaciones del volumen sanguíneo durante la sístole y la diástole, permite determinar el volumen latido, el gasto cardiaco, la contractilidad miocárdica y el contenido total de fluido del tórax. Entre las ventajas de esta técnica se incluyen su fácil implementación y asequibilidad, así como la posibilidad de ser realizada por prácticamente cualquier miembro del equipo de salud. La precisión de la cardiografía de impedancia ha sido validada en numerosos estudios en diferentes escenarios clínicos: hipertensión arterial, falla cardiaca, hipertensión pulmonar, optimización de la terapia de resincronización cardiaca y en pacientes críticos, situaciones en las que provee información sobre el estado hemodinámico sin los riesgos de otras técnicas invasivas o mínimamente invasivas. Es además un método de fácil aplicación y costo-efectivo para el diagnóstico y seguimiento de la respuesta a las intervenciones terapéuticas en múltiples patologías. La técnica representa así un cambio en los paradigmas del monitoreo hemodinámico.Impedance cardiography (ICG is a non-invasive technique that allows a rapid, continuous and reproducible beat-to-beat cardiac output estimation. This technique measures thoracic electrical resistance changes produced by variations in the blood volume in the aorta during the cardiac cycle. Continuous measurement of impedance changes or fluctuations of blood volume during systole and diastole allow the determination of stroke volume, cardiac output, myocardial contractility, and total thoracic fluid content. Between the advantages of

Empiema pleural por Eikenella corrodens e Porphyromonas asaccharolytica numa doente diabética sob ventilação não invasiva por síndrome de apneia obstrutiva do sono

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J. Caiano Gil

2013-03-01

Full Text Available Resumo: A Eikenella corrodens é um microrganismo habitualmente encontrado na mucosa oral, trato gastrointestinal e trato geniturinário de humanos. Os casos de infeção pleuropulmonar por este agente são raros em indivíduos imunocompetentes, sendo a aspiração um fator importante na sua patogenia. Apesar de apresentar geralmente um prognóstico favorável, o reconhecimento desta infeção é essencial dado o perfil de sensibilidades característico. Os autores apresentam um caso de empiema pleural por E. corrodens, em coinfeção com Porphyromonas asaccharolytica, numa doente diabética imunocompetente com síndrome de apneia obstrutiva do sono, discutindo o papel da ventilação não invasiva como fator predisponente da referida infeção. Abstract: Eikenella corrodens is a normal inhabitant of the human oral cavity and gastrointestinal and genitourinary tracts. Pleuropulmonary infections by this microorganism are uncommon. Pulmonary aspiration is a chief predisposing condition. Although the outcome is usually favorable, its distinctive antibiotic sensitivity pattern makes bacterial identification an important feature in dealing with this infection. The authors report a case of pleural empyema caused by co-infection with Eikenella corrodens and Porphyromonas asaccharolytica, in an immunocompetent diabetic patient with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome, followed by a discussion on the role of noninvasive ventilation in the development of this infection. Palavras-chave: Empiema pleural, Ventilação não invasiva, Apneia obstrutiva do sono, Eikenella corrodens, Porphyromonas, Keywords: Pleural empyema, Continuous positive airway pressure, Obstructive sleep apnea, Eikenella corrodens, Porphyromonas

A review of the new minimally invasive brain stimulation techniques in psychiatry Revisão de novas técnicas minimamente invasivas de estimulação cerebral em psiquiatria

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Jeong-Ho Chae

2001-06-01

Full Text Available New knowledge about the specific brain regions involved in neuropsychiatric disorders is rapidly evolving due to recent advances in functional neuroimaging techniques. The ability to stimulate the brain in awake alert adults without neurosurgery is a real advance that neuroscientists have long dreamed for. Several novel and minimally invasive techniques to stimulate the brain have recently developed. Among these newer somatic interventions, transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS, vagus nerve stimulation (VNS and deep brain stimulation (DBS show promise as therapeutic tools in the treatment of neuropsychiatric disorders. This article reviews the history, methodology, and the future of these minimally invasive brain stimulation (MIBS techniques and their emerging research and therapeutic applications in psychiatryO conhecimento acerca de regiões específicas do cérebro envolvidas em transtornos psiquiátricos está em franca expansão como resultado dos avanços recentes em técnicas de neuroimagem funcional. A capacidade de estimular o cérebro em adultos despertos em estado de alerta, sem necessidade de neurocirurgia, é um avanço real sonhado havia muito pelos neurocientistas. Recentemente, desenvolveram-se várias novas técnicas minimamente invasivas para estimular o cérebro. Entre essas novas intervenções somáticas, a estimulação transcraniana magnética (ETM, a estimulação do nervo vago (ENV e a estimulação cerebral profunda (ECP revelam-se promissoras ferramentas terapêuticas no tratamento de transtornos neuropsiquiátricos. Neste artigo se faz uma revisão da história, da metodologia e das perspectivas futuras das técnicas minimamente invasivas de estimulação cerebral (ECMI e das pesquisas e aplicações terapêuticas em psiquiatria

Laserterapia de baixa intensidade na expressão de colágeno após lesão muscular cirúrgica Low-level laser therapy in the expression of collagen after muscular surgical injury

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Flávia Fonseca Moreira

2011-03-01

Full Text Available A laserterapia é um procedimento utilizado em larga escala nas lesões musculoesqueléticas, devido as suas diversas propriedades, antiinflamatórias, cicatrizantes entre outras. Além disso, há tipos distintos de aparelhos de laser. Mesmo com os diversos modelos experimentais existentes na literatura, não há um consenso sobre a faixa de utilização, bem como o tipo de laser que promove melhor reparo no tecido muscular. Este estudo visa analisar os efeitos da laserterapia de baixa intensidade na expressão de colágeno após lesão muscular. Camundongos Swiss albinos (n=18 foram submetidos à lesão muscular cirúrgica e divididos em dois grupos, controle (C e teste (T. Os animais foram submetidos a uma irradiação diária de 5 J/cm² pelos lasers AsGaAl 830 nm e AsGa 904 nm e, em diferentes tempos de sacrifício (7 e 14 dias. Os resultados não demonstraram diferença estatística significativa na expressão de colágeno em ambos os grupos analisados. Contudo, os dados apontam que a dose de 5 J/cm² do laser AsGa 904 nm promoveu maior deposição de fibras colágenas após 14 dias de tratamento, sugerindo que a terapia seja efetiva na síntese de colágeno. Outros estudos experimentais, em humanos, devem ser propostos para maiores inferências sobre os resultados do laser no tratamento da lesão muscular.The laser therapy is a procedure utilized at long scale in the musculoskeletal injuries, due its anti-inflammatory and reparatory proprieties and others. Besides, there are differents types of laser equipments. Despites with the many experimental models at literature, there is no consensus about the range of application as well as the type of laser that promove of the best repair in muscular tissue. The aim of this study is to analyze the effects of the low level laser therapy in the expression of collagen after muscular injury. Mice Swiss albinos (n=18 were subjected to the muscular surgical injury and separated in two groups, control (C

Ventilação mecânica não-invasiva em paciente com provável pneumonia por pneumocystis jirovecii: relato de caso Noninvasive mechanical ventilation in patient with pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia: case report

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Élida Mara Carneiro

2008-06-01

Full Text Available JUSTIFICATIVA E OBJETIVOS: A pneumonia por Pneumocystis jirovecii tem sido uma das doenças mais comuns e uma complicação infecciosa fatal em pacientes com síndrome da imunodeficiência adquirida. O objetivo deste estudo foi apresentar uma paciente com provável diagnóstico de pneumonia por Pneumocystis jirovecii que recebeu ventilação não-invasiva com pressão positiva. RELATO DO CASO: Paciente do sexo feminino, 25 anos, com diagnóstico provável de pneumonia por Pneumocystis jirovecii grave, recebeu ventilação mecânica não-invasiva com pressão positiva. CONCLUSÕES: Todos os parâmetros melhoraram progressivamente nos primeiros cinco dias. Os resultados sugeriram a eficácia desta medida para otimizar a oxigenação, reverter a hipoxemia e prevenir a intubação traqueal.BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia has been one of the most common diseases and life-threatening infectious complications in acquired immunodeficiency syndrome patients. The objective of the case report was to present a patient with probable diagnosis of Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia who received noninvasive positive pressure ventilation. CASE REPORT: A female patient, 25 years old, with probable diagnosis of Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia received noninvasive positive pressure ventilation. CONCLUSIONS: All respiratory parameters progressively improved in the first five days. Results suggest the efficacy of this support to improve oxygenation, to revert hypoxemia and to prevent orotracheal intubation.

Jian Nao Ning for Treatment of Memory Impairment in Patients with Mild or Moderate Multi-infarct Dementia

Institute of Scientific and Technical Information of China (English)

田金洲; 尹军祥; 刘峘; 杨承芝; 王永炎

2002-01-01

Forty patients with multi-infarct dementia (MID) were randomly assigned to the treatment group (25 cases) treated with Jian Nao Ning (健脑宁JNN) and the duxil control group (15 cases). Memory function were assessed at baseline and endpoint using memory subscales of a battery of New Psychometric Tests (Chinese version) including mini-mental state examination (MMSE), verbal memory, and non-verbal memory, etc. After treatment, the mean scores of verbal memory in the Hopkins Verbal Learning Test (P<0.05) and total memory scores of memory items (P<0.001) in JNN group increased significantly; and improvement in episodic memory function including story recall (immediate and delayed), delayed word recall, verbal learning and verbal recognition and visual recognition in the JNN group was better than that in the duxil control group, suggesting that JNN can obviously improve memory function for the patients with mild or moderate multi-infarct dementia.

Análise dos efeitos agudos do laser de baixa intensidade. (660nm) sobre os níveis de estresse oxidativo de ratos diabéticos com feridas na pele

OpenAIRE

Denadai, Amanda Silveira

2013-01-01

Introdução: O termo estresse oxidativo é utilizado quando se evidencia um desequilíbrio entre os sistemas pró e antioxidantes. A laserterapia influencia parâmetros de estresse oxidativo como a alteração da atividade das enzimas antioxidantes e a produção de espécies reativas de oxigênio (ERO). Objetivo: Analisar o efeito da laserterapia de baixa intensidade - LLLT sobre o estresse oxidativo provocado por ferida cirúrgica aguda em ratos diabéticos. Materiais e métodos: ...

Na-O abundances in M53: A Mostly First Generation Globular Cluster

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Boberg, Owen M.; Friel, Eileen D.; Vesperini, Enrico

2016-01-01

We present the Fe, Ca, Ti, Ni, Ba, Na, and O abundances for a sample of 53 red giant branch (RGB) stars in the globular cluster (GC) NGC 5024 (M53). The abundances were measured from high signal-to-noise medium resolution spectra collected with the Hydra multi-object spectrograph on the WIYN 3.5- meter telescope. M53 is of interest because previous studies based on the morphology of the cluster's horizontal branch suggested that it might be composed primarily of first generation (FG) stars and differ from the majority of other GCs withmultiple populations, which have been found to be dominated by second generation (SG) stars. Our sample has an average [Fe/H] = -2.07 with a standard deviation of 0.07 dex. This value is consistent with previouslypublished results. The alpha-element abundances in our sample are also consistent with the trends seen in Milky Way halo stars at similar metallicities, with enhanced [Ca/Fe] and [Ti/Fe] relative to solar. We find thatthe Na-O anti-correlation is not as extended as other GCs with similarly high masses. The fraction of SG to FG stars in our sample is approximately 1:3 and the SG is more centrally concentrated. These findings further support that M53 might be a mostly FG cluster and could give further insight into how GCs formed the light element abundance patterns we observe in them today.

Transporte intra-hospitalar de pacientes sob ventilação invasiva: repercussões cardiorrespiratórias e eventos adversos Intrahospital transport of patients on invasive ventilation: cardiorespiratory repercussions and adverse events

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Lea Tami Suzuki Zuchelo

2009-04-01

Full Text Available OBJETIVO: Verificar a ocorrência de alterações cardiorrespiratórias e identificar eventos adversos durante o transporte intra-hospitalar de pacientes sob ventilação invasiva. MÉTODOS: Estudo observacional prospectivo não-randomizado, conduzido em dois hospitais terciários, entre abril de 2005 e dezembro de 2006. Foram incluídos pacientes sob ventilação invasiva que necessitaram de transporte intra-hospitalar durante o período do estudo. Os critérios de exclusão foram: estar sob suspeita de morte encefálica; ter sido submetido a períodos de ventilação mecânica e de nebulização em tubo T; e ter sido transportado para o centro cirúrgico. Antes e após o transporte, os seguintes parâmetros foram avaliados: gasometria arterial, sinais vitais, uso de medicamentos através de uma bomba de infusão contínua, parâmetros do ventilador mecânico, duração do transporte, distância percorrida e número de profissionais envolvidos. RESULTADOS: Foram incluídos 48 pacientes, num total de 58 transportes. Observou-se alteração cardiorrespiratória importante em 39 transportes, totalizando 86 episódios, assim como 16 eventos adversos relacionados à falha de equipamento e falha da equipe, dentre eles problemas com baterias e falhas de comunicação. CONCLUSÕES: Durante o transporte intra-hospitalar de pacientes submetidos à ventilação invasiva, alterações cardiorrespiratórias foram frequentes (67,2%, e eventos adversos ocorreram em 75,7% dos transportes realizados.OBJECTIVE: To determine the occurrence of cardiorespiratory alterations and to identify adverse events during the intrahospital transport of patients on invasive ventilation. METHODS: A prospective observational non-randomized study was conducted at two tertiary hospitals between April of 2005 and December of 2006. We included patients on invasive ventilation who required intrahospital transport during the study period. Exclusion criteria were as follows: being

Fusión intersomática lumbar extraforaminal mínimamente invasiva

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Landriel, Federico; Hem, Santiago; Rasmussen, Jorge; Vecchi, Eduardo; Yampolsky, Claudio

2018-01-01

Resumen Objetivo: El objetivo del presente trabajo es mostrar la indicación, técnica quirúrgica, resultados y complicaciones de la vía de abordaje extraforaminal para fusión intersomática (ELIF) mínimamente invasiva. Introducción: El ELIF se caracteriza por la remoción del proceso articular superior (PAS) y el acceso a la raíz intracanalicular y disco a través del triángulo de seguridad de Kambin. Material y Métodos: Estudio retrospectivo de 40 pacientes operados consecutivamente entre el 2013 y 2015. Se incluyeron pacientes con lumbalgia o dolor radicular por enfermedad degenerativa discal, espondilolistesis grado 1 y 2, hernia discal recurrente y estenosis receso-foraminales. Se utilizó la escala visual analógica, el índice de Oswestry, la escala de Weiner y los criterios de MacNab modificados para evaluar el dolor, resultados clínico-funcionales y satisfacción del paciente al año de la cirugía. Las complicaciones fueron documentadas de acuerdo a su gravedad en 4 grados. Resultados: 25 mujeres/15 hombres con una edad promedio de 57 años. El 47.5% fueron tratados por espondilolistesis, el 25% por estenosis receso-foraminal. Se colocaron 54 cajas intersomáticas y 188 tornillos pediculares percutáneos. La duración quirúrgica promedio fue 245 (±25.4) minutos. El tiempo de internación promedio fue 3.5 (±0.49) días. Presentamos 9 complicaciones Grado 1 y una complicación Grado 2. La escala de ODI preoperatoria promedio fue de 51.9 ± 4.96, al año de 12.2 ± 3.19, evidenciando una mejoría significativa (P < 0.0001). La EVA promedio para lumbalgia mejoró de 8.81 ± 0.62 a 2.12 ± 0.89 (P < 0.0001). El 77.5% presentó fusión en los grados 1 y 2 de Bridwel al año del procedimiento quirúrgico. Conclusión: El ELIF es una alternativa de tratamiento quirúrgico segura y eficaz. Se pueden lograr resultados clínicos satisfactorios comparables con las técnicas tradicionales con la resección facetaria limitada al proceso articular superior

Fabiola Gianotti "O universo que vemos, estrelas, planetas e galaxias, é apenas 5% do que là està. Nao hà instrumentos que nos permitam observar o restantes 95%, que sao o que chamamos matéria escura e energia"

CERN Document Server

Caetano, Emilia

2017-01-01

Fabiola Gianotti "O universo que vemos, estrelas, planetas e galaxias, é apenas 5% do que là està. Nao hà instrumentos que nos permitam observar o restantes 95%, que sao o que chamamos matéria escura e energia"

Benefícios e complicações da ventilação mecânica não-invasiva na exacerbação aguda da doença pulmonar obstrutiva crônica Benefits and complications of noninvasive mechanical ventilation for acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

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Eduardo Rocha

2008-06-01

Full Text Available JUSTIFICATIVA E OBJETIVOS: A doença pulmonar obstrutiva crônica (DPOC é definida como uma síndrome caracterizada por obstrução crônica ao fluxo aéreo, geralmente progressiva, podendo ser acompanhada por hiper-responsividade brônquica e ser parcialmente reversível. A ventilação mecânica não-invasiva é uma alternativa de tratamento para pacientes com exacerbação da DPOC. O objetivo deste estudo foi verificar os benefícios e as complicações da ventilação mecânica não-invasiva em pacientes com exacerbação aguda da doença pulmonar obstrutiva crônica. CONTEÚDO: Realizou-se revisão de literatura científica nacional e internacional conforme os critérios estabelecidos para a pesquisa documental nas bases de dados MedLine, LILACS, SciElo, PubMed, Cochrane, com os unitermos: doença pulmonar obstrutiva crônica, ventilação mecânica não-invasiva. Os critérios de inclusão foram artigos publicados no período de 1995-2007; nas linguagens inglesa, espanhola e portuguesa; estudos em modelo humano e sem restrição de sexo. CONCLUSÕES: A ventilação mecânica não-invasiva pode diminuir a pressão parcial de dióxido de carbono, melhorar a troca gasosa, aliviar sintomas como dispnéia ocasionada pela fadiga da musculatura respiratória, reduzir as internações hospitalares, a necessidade de intubação, o número de complicações, o tempo de internação e a mortalidade hospitalar. As principais complicações encontradas foram: eritema facial, claustrofobia, congestão nasal, dor facial, irritação nos olhos, pneumonia aspirativa, hipotensão, pneumotórax, aerofagia, hipercapnia, distensão abdominal, vômitos, broncoaspiração, dor de cabeça matinal, lesões compressivas de face, embolia gasosa e não adaptação do paciente. A ventilação mecânica não-invasiva pode ser mais efetiva em pacientes com moderada a grave exacerbação da DPOC e as complicações podem ser diminuídas pela utilização de adequada

Revascularização do miocárdio minimamente invasiva videoassistida Minimally-invasive video-assisted coronary-artery bypass grafting

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Rodrigo Mussi Milani

2012-07-01

Full Text Available FUNDAMENTO: De um modo geral, as operações estão cada vez menos invasivas e a cirurgia cardíaca começa a seguir por este caminho. OBJETIVO: Avaliar a evolução de cem pacientes submetidos à operação de revascularização do miocárdio minimamente invasiva. MÉTODOS: O acesso ao coração deu-se através de pequena toracotomia lateral no 4º espaço intercostal esquerdo, com 6 cm, iniciando-se ao nível do mamilo. Pelo mesmo espaço intercostal, 3 cm após o término da incisão principal, foi inserida ótica de 6,5 mm com 30º. Nos casos em que a veia safena foi utilizada, o pericárdio foi aberto em cima da aorta e, com uma pressão sistólica de 80 mmhg, foi pinçada parcialmente, sendo a anastomose proximal feita de maneira convencional. As anastomoses distais foram feitas de modo convencional. O procedimento foi realizado sem circulação extracorporal (CEC com auxílio de ventilação monopulmonar. RESULTADOS: A idade média foi de 63,9 ± 10,66 anos. Sessenta e oito (68% eram do sexo masculino. Cinquenta e três (53% encontravam-se em classe funcional III ou IV. A função do ventrículo esquerdo era normal em cinquenta e três (53% pacientes. Quarenta e dois (42% haviam sido submetidos à angioplastia prévia. Foram realizadas 153 anastomoses distais, variando de 1 a 3. O tempo médio de ventilação foi de 4,06 ± 4,08 horas. Dezessete (17% pacientes apresentaram fibrilação atrial e oito (8% pneumonias. Houve dois óbitos nesta série. CONCLUSÃO: A revascularização mostrou-se segura, com baixa mortalidade e morbidade. Com novos dispositivos, essa operação poderá ter uma aplicabilidade maior.BACKGROUND: In general, surgeries currently tend to be less invasive and cardiac surgery has started to follow this trend. OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the evolution of one hundred patients undergoing minimally-invasive coronary artery bypass grafting. METHODS: Access to the heart was attained through a small; 6-cm thoracotomy, located in

Toracotomia minimamente invasiva (miopreservadora para ligadura do canal arterial em prematuros Minimally invasive thoracotomy (muscle-sparing thoracotomy for occlusion of ductus arteriosus in preterm infants

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Andrey José de Oliveira Monteiro

2007-09-01

Full Text Available OBJETIVO: Avaliar a aplicabilidade, segurança e resultados iniciais da toracotomia minimamente invasiva para ligadura do canal arterial em prematuros. MÉTODO: Entre outubro de 1991 e julho de 2003, 273 prematuros e prematuros extremos foram submetidos à ligadura cirúrgica do canal arterial por toracotomia miopreservadora, com anestesia geral, em UTI neonatal. Os dados demográficos pré-operatórios e os desfechos de mortalidade e eventos adversos foram, retrospectivamente, avaliados por meio de consulta aos prontuários. RESULTADOS: Não houve óbito relacionado com o ato operatório e 234 (86% pacientes tiveram alta hospitalar. Os 39 óbitos ocorreram entre o 1º e o 51º dias e foram atribuídos à sepse (14 pacientes, hemorragia intracraniana (11 pacientes e enterocolite necrotizante (nove pacientes, todas causas inerentes à prematuridade. Em cinco pacientes, a causa não foi adequadamente estabelecida. As complicações mais freqüentes relacionadas ao procedimento foram: pneumotórax 3,3% (nove pacientes e hemorragia 1,4% (quatro pacientes. CONCLUSÕES: A técnica de toracotomia minimamente invasiva para a ligadura do canal arterial quando realizada em prematuros e prematuros extremos é aplicável, segura, eficaz, relacionada à baixa morbidade e não depende da estrutura hospitalar local.OBJECTIVES: To analyze the feasibility, the safety, and the primary outcomes of a minimally invasive thoracotomy for the occlusion of ligamentum arteriosum (ductus arteriosus in preterm infants. METHODS: Between October 1991 and June 2003, 273 preterm infants and very low birth weight preterm infants were submitted to a surgical occlusion of the ligamentum arteriosum (ductus arteriosus through muscle-sparing thoracotomy under general anesthesia in the neonatal ICU. Pre-operative demographic data, mortality outcomes, and adverse events were retrospectively analyzed through medical records consultation. RESULTS:There were no deaths related to surgery

Infección invasiva por Streptococcus pneumoniae: reporte de caso de un paciente con síndrome de Austrian

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Daniel Echeverri

2015-03-01

Full Text Available Descrito inicialmente en 1957 por Robert Austrian, el síndrome que lleva su nombre se define como la tríada de neumonía, endocarditis y meningitis secundarias a una infección invasiva por Streptococcus pneumoniae. Desde entonces, y debido a su infrecuencia, se han reportado muy pocos casos en la literatura científica. A continuación se presenta el caso de un paciente de 61 años de edad con un cuadro inicial de meningitis bacteriana por S. pneumoniae, acompañado de neumonía bacteriana e insuficiencia mitral grave asociada a cuatro vegetaciones sobre la cara auricular de la valva posterior, con ruptura y prolapso de su festón central posterior. Se aisló S. pneumoniae, serotipo 18C, en líquido cefalorraquídeo y en dos hemocultivos. El paciente recibió antibióticos de amplio espectro y fue sometido a reemplazo valvular temprano con un resultado clínico satisfactorio. El principal factor pronóstico de esta condición lo determina el daño valvular subsecuente, sobre todo en pacientes con compromiso de la válvula aórtica, por lo que es necesario identificar tempranamente la extensión del compromiso valvular y definir oportunamente el tratamiento quirúrgico y antibiótico del paciente. En casos menos frecuentes, en los que solo hay compromiso de la válvula mitral, la evolución clínica es menos aguda y, por lo general, el tratamiento antibiótico dirigido y las medidas de soporte avanzado suelen ser suficientes para su control.

Efectos de la ventilación no invasiva en pacientes con epoc hipercápnica. Pinar del Río 2006 The effects of the non-invasive ventilation in patients with Hypercapnic COPD. Pinar del Río, 2006

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Imelda Valdés Cordero

2009-06-01

Full Text Available Se realizó un estudio prospectivo, longitudinal y descriptivo para describir los efectos inmediatos de la ventilación no invasiva en los pacientes con enfermedad pulmonar obstructiva crónica hipercápnica. Se Incluyeron en la muestra a los 35 pacientes que fueron admitidos a las Unidades de Cuidados Intensivos del Hospital "Abel Santamaría" de Pinar del Río del 1ro. de enero hasta el 31 de diciembre de 2006, con dicho diagnóstico. Como técnica de ventilación no invasiva se utilizó la presión de soporte administrada por diferentes tipos de ventiladores de presión positiva. Se solicitó su consentimiento a todos los pacientes para participar en el estudio. Para el análisis estadístico se utilizó la prueba de hipótesis de proporciones con un nivel de ajuste de á= 0.05, y no paramétrica para K muestras relacionadas de Friedman. Se observó que el grupo de edades de mayor incidencia de EPOC fue el de 55-74 años y el sexo femenino representó el triple del masculino. De 35 pacientes, abandonaron el tratamiento 4, de ellos 3 lo hicieron a la hora, y 1 a las seis horas. En la mayoría de los pacientes no existió fracaso ventilatorio. A las 6 horas de tratamiento todos los pacientes habían mejorado el nivel de conciencia y la mayoría no tenía cianosis. La PCO2 se normalizó a las 6h en la mayoría de los pacientes, al igual que el pH y la PO2. El número de complicaciones se reduce cuando se aplica ventilación no invasiva.A prospective, longitudinal and descriptive research was conducted aimed at describing the effects of the non-invasive ventilation in patients suffering from Hypercapnic Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease. The sample included 35 patients, who were diagnosed with COPD, admitted at "Abel Santamaria" University Hospital in the Intensive Care Unit from January 1st to December 31st, 2006. Using supported pressure administered by different types of ventilators of positive pressure as a non-invasive ventilation

Streptococcus pneumoniae aislados de infecciones invasivas: serotipos y resistencia antimicrobiana Streptococcus pneumoniae isolated from invasive infections: serotypes and antimicrobial resistance

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Gladys Antonia Cueto Montoya

2007-03-01

Full Text Available Las meningoencefalitis bacterianas constituyen una enfermedad invasiva importante, quizás no tanto por su frecuencia, como por la gravedad de su cuadro. Los cambios en la epidemiología de los síndromes neurológicos infecciosos en Cuba a partir de la vacunación contra meningococo BC y Haemophilus influenzae b han hecho que el Streptococcus pneumoniae constituya el agente causal más frecuente. Debido al incremento de la resistencia de este microorganismo a los antibióticos habituales, se realizaron modificaciones al régimen terapéutico convencional, fundamentalmente en las meningitis pediátricas. Es necesario lograr el aislamiento en cultivo de este agente para conocer los serotipos más frecuentes en el país, y lograr una vacuna neumocócica conjugada, así como para la vigilancia de las cepas frente a los antimicrobianos.The bacterial meningoencephalitis is an important invasive disease, not only because of its frequency, but also because of the severity of its picture. The changes in the epidemiology of the neurological infectious syndromes in Cuba starting from the vaccination against meningococcus BC and Haemophilus infuenzae b have made that Streptococcus pneumoniae be the most frequent causal agent. Due to the increase of the resistance of this microorganism to habitual antibiotics, modifications were made in the conventional therapeutic regimen, mainly in the pediatric meningitis. It is necessary to achieve the isolation in culture of this agent to know the most common serotypes in the country, to attain a conjugated pneumococcal vaccine, and to keep the surveillance of the strains against the antimicrobials.

Enfermedad neumocócica invasiva en la población infantil de la Comunidad Valenciana

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Goicoechea-Sáez M.

2003-01-01

Full Text Available Objetivo: La enfermedad neumocócica es una causa frecuente de morbilidad y mortalidad entre la población infantil. La reciente autorización de la vacuna conjugada heptavalente ha incrementado el interés científico que suscita esta enfermedad. El objetivo de este estudio es conocer las características epidemiológicas y clínicas, así como la evolución de esta enfermedad invasiva en la población infantil de la Comunidad Valenciana. Método: Los datos se han obtenido de las historias clínicas de los niños menores de 15 años, con aislamiento del neumococo, atendidos en todos los hospitales públicos de la Comunidad Valenciana durante el período 1996-2000. La evolución de la incidencia se valoró mediante la comparación de tasas, los signos clínicos y su evolución (secuelas y letalidad mediante la evaluación de la frecuencia y su distribución por edades. Resultados: Se registró un total de 127 casos, lo que representa un promedio de tasa anual de 3,89/105 habitantes en los menores de 15 años y de 20,14 en los menores de 2 años. Presentaron antecedentes de problemas de salud un 29,1% de los pacientes. Las manifestaciones clínicas predominantes fueron sepsis/bacteriemia (38%, neumonía (31% y meningitis (24%. Al alta, presentaban secuelas 10 niños, de los que el 75% eran menores de 2 años. Fallecieron 8 niños (letalidad del 6,3%. Conclusiones: En nuestro medio, durante el período estudiado, la infección neumocócica se presenta sobre todo en los niños menores de 2 años, así como en los mayores de esta edad con antecedentes de problemas de salud. En estos últimos se ha encontrado una mayor mortalidad. Sería conveniente introducir la enfermedad neumocócica en el Sistema de Vigilancia Epidemiológica, lo que nos permitiría disponer de estimaciones más precisas de su evolución epidemiológica y valorar si la vacuna conjugada es la solución a los problemas que plantea esta bacteria en la actualidad.

Análise biomecânica e histológica de músculos gastrocnêmios de ratas submetidas à lesão muscular e tratados com laserterapia de baixa intensidade Biomechanical and histological analysis of the gastrocnemius in rats subjected to muscle injury and treatment with low-level laser therapy

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Maurício José Falcai

2010-01-01

Full Text Available OBJETIVO: Avaliar, mecânica e histologicamente, a aplicação do laser terapêutico de baixa potência, no processo reparativo de lesões provocadas por impacto em músculos gastrocnêmios de ratas. MÉTODOS: 45 ratas Wistar foram divididas em três grupos (n=15/grupo: C (controle, sem lesão, LM (lesão muscular e LM-L (lesão muscular e laserterapia. A lesão muscular experimental foi produzida pela queda de uma carga de 250 g, de uma altura de 30cm, diretamente sobre o músculo. Os animais do grupo LM-L foram submetidos à aplicação de laser 960nm, 2J/cm², durante três dias, duas aplicações por dia, no local da lesão. Foi realizado ensaio mecânico na máquina universal de ensaio Emic®. RESULTADOS: As médias dos valores de força máxima foram: (35,70 ± 2,69 N no grupo C, (31,77 ± 2,59 N no grupo LM e (34,36 ± 3,63 N no grupo LM-L, com diferença estatística significativa nos grupos C e LM (p 0,05. A análise histológica evidenciou presença de vasos sanguíneos no grupo LM-L e hematomas em processo de reparação. CONCLUSÃO: A laserterapia influencia de forma positiva no processo de regeneração da lesão muscular.OBJETIVE: To evaluate, by means of biomechanical and histological analysis, the effect of low-level laser therapy on the gastrocnemius of rats subjected to muscle lesion by impact. METHODS: 45 female Wistar rats, weighing 250g, were divided into 3 groups (n=15/group: C (control, ML (animals submitted to muscle lesion and ML-L (animals submitted to muscle lesion and laser therapy. The animals from groups ML and ML-L were subjected to an experimental muscle lesion by means of an impact of a 250g load, released from a height of 30 cm, directly on the gastrocnemius. The animals from group ML-L were submitted to a treatment with a 960 Nm laser, 2 J/cm², for 3 days, twice a day. RESULTS: The mechanical tests were performed on the Universal Testing Machine. The average values of maximum force were: 35.70 (± 2.69 N in

O uso da ventilação mecânica não-invasiva nos cuidados paliativos de paciente com sarcoma torácico metastático: relato de caso The use of noninvasive mechanical ventilation in the palliative care of a patient with metastatic thoracic sarcoma: case report

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Mariana Almada Bassani

2008-06-01

Full Text Available JUSTIFICATIVA E OBJETIVOS: Os cuidados paliativos se baseiam na prevenção e alívio do sofrimento, identificando, avaliando e tratando a dor e outros problemas físicos, psicossociais e espirituais. Quadros súbitos de dispnéia são freqüentes em pacientes oncológicos em fase terminal. Nestes casos, a ventilação mecânica não-invasiva pode ser uma boa opção no manuseio da dispnéia, promovendo conforto e permitindo o contato do paciente com seus familiares. O objetivo deste estudo foi apresentar os benefícios obtidos com a ventilação mecânica não-invasiva no paciente sob cuidados paliativos. RELATO DO CASO: Paciente com 29 anos, em pós-operatório imediato de cesariana, admitida na unidade de terapia intensiva (UTI para tratamento de insuficiência respiratória aguda. À radiografia de tórax visualizava-se massa pulmonar a direita. Após investigação clínica e de imagem foi diagnosticado sarcoma torácico metastático em fase avançada, sendo indicadas pela equipe de Oncologia medidas e cuidados paliativos. Para alivio da dispnéia, a equipe multidisciplinar da UTI optou pelo uso de ventilação mecânica não-invasiva (modalidade CPAP + PSV, permitindo a interação da mãe com o bebê e familiares. CONCLUSÕES: No contexto de cuidados paliativos, a VMNI mostrou-se ser um método capaz de contribuir para o controle da dispnéia provendo conforto e alívio ao paciente.BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Palliative care is based on prevention and relief of suffering, identifying, assessing and treating pain and other physical, psychological, social and spiritual problems. Sudden dyspnea is frequently observed in terminal oncologic patients. In these cases, noninvasive ventilation can be an adequate option to control dyspnea promoting comfort and allowing patient interaction with their relatives. The aim of this article was to present the benefits of noninvasive ventilation in the palliative care setting. CASE REPORT: The case of a 29

Diagnóstico Prenatal

OpenAIRE

López, Jaime Octavio; Saldarriaga, Wilmar; Fundación Valle de Lili

2010-01-01

Diagnóstico Prenatal/ propósitos del diagnóstico prenatal/ Tamizaje a partir del Control Prenatal/ Pacientes de bajo riesgo/ Tamizaje bioquímico/ Pacientes de alto riesgo/ Pruebas invasivas y no invasivas

Realización de un protocolo en el proceso de destete en pacientes sometidos a ventilación mecánica asistida

OpenAIRE

Amo Simón, Sofía del

2015-01-01

El presente Trabajo de Fin de Grado (TFG) sobre el establecimiento de un protocolo para el destete de los pacientes sometidos a ventilación mecánica invasiva consta de una introducción y un desarrollo acerca del tema de la ventilación mecánica invasiva y el proceso de retirada progresiva de la misma, también conocido como destete o “weaning”, para establecer el protocolo, objetivo final de este trabajo. La ventilación mecánica invasiva es uno de los procedimientos más emplea...

Valor predictor del cociente saturación hemoglobina/fio2 en pacientes pediátricos con insuficiencia respiratoria aguda debida a neumonía tratados con ventilación no invasiva. Predictive value of the pulse oximetric saturation/fraction of inspired oxygen ratio in pediatric patients with acute respiratory failure due to pneumonia treated with non-invasive ventilation

OpenAIRE

Palanca Arias, Daniel

2014-01-01

RESUMEN: El uso de la ventilación no invasiva (VNI) en pacientes con fracaso respiratorio hipoxémico debido a neumonía es controvertido, alcanzando elevadas tasas de fracaso en el Síndrome de Distrés Respiratorio Agudo (SDRA). Recientemente, el cociente SpO2/FiO2 (SF) se ha equiparado al cociente paO2/FiO2 (PF) para la valoración del SDRA. Determinamos en una cohorte de pacientes, diagnosticados de neumonía y tratados con VNI, si el cociente SF es una variable con valor predictor de fraca...

Adaptação do Bird Mark 7 para oferta de pressão positiva contínua nas vias aéreas em ventilação não-invasiva: estudo em modelo mecânico Adapting the Bird Mark 7 to deliver noninvasive continuous positive airway pressure: a bench study

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Beatriz Mayumi Kikuti

2008-03-01

Full Text Available OBJETIVO: Testar a eficiência da adaptação do ventilador Bird Mark 7 para oferecer pressão positiva contínua nas vias aéreas, conhecida como continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP em inglês, em ventilação não-invasiva. MÉTODOS: Estudo experimental utilizando um modelo mecânico do sistema respiratório. O Bird Mark 7 foi alimentado com 400 e 500 kPa e foi testado em CPAP de 5, 10 e 15 cmH2O. Para avaliar a eficiência da adaptação foram analisados os seguintes variáveis: diferença entre a CPAP pré-determinada e a CPAP realmente atingida (CPAPreal; área da pressão da via aérea sob o nível de CPAP ajustado (ÁREA CPAP; e volume corrente gerado. RESULTADOS: A adaptação do Bird Mark 7 para oferecer CPAP em ventilação não-invasiva conseguiu atingir o volume corrente esperado em todas as situações de esforço inspiratório (normal ou elevado, pressão de alimentação (400 ou 500 kPa e valor de CPAP (5, 10 ou 15 cmH2O. Para os CPAPs de 5 e 10 cmH2O, o CPAPreal foi muito próximo do pré-determinado, e a ÁREA CPAP teve valor próximo de zero. Para o CPAP de 15 cmH2O, o CPAPreal ficou abaixo do pré-determinado, e a ÁREA CPAP teve valor elevado. CONCLUSÃO: A eficiência da adaptação do Bird Mark 7 para oferecer CPAP em ventilação não-invasiva foi boa para os valores de CPAP de 5 e 10 cmH2O e insuficiente para CPAP de 15 cmH2O. Se adaptado como em nosso estudo, o Bird Mark 7 pode ser uma opção para oferta de CPAP até 10 cmH2O em locais onde equipamentos de ventilação não-invasiva são escassos ou inexistentes.OBJECTIVE: To test the efficiency of the Bird Mark 7 ventilator adapted to deliver continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP in noninvasive positive pressure ventilation. METHODS: This was an experimental study using a mechanical model of the respiratory system. A Bird Mark 7 ventilator was supplied with 400 and 500 kPa and tested at CPAP of 5, 10 and 15 cmH2O. The following variables were analyzed

CONDUCCIÓN ANESTÉSICA DE LA CIRUGÍA CARDIACA MÍNIMAMENTE INVASIVA. ESTUDIO PRELIMINAR / Anesthetic management of minimally invasive cardiac surgery. Preliminary study

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Miguel Ángel Carrasco Molina

2012-10-01

Full Text Available Resumen Introducción y objetivos: La cirugía cardíaca mínimamente invasiva ofrece muchas ventajas para los pacientes de alto riesgo; pero las dificultades de estos procedimientos no solo dependen de la técnica quirúrgica, sino de la conducta anestésica, lo que constituye un reto para el anestesiólogo cardiovascular. El objetivo de esta investigación fue demostrar la factibilidad de la conducta anestésica diseñada en el Cardiocentro CIMEQ para las técnicas quirúrgicas video−asistidas, y comparar el comportamiento de algunas variables en dos grupos de estudio. Método: Se realizó un estudio retrospectivo de los pacientes operados de corazón en los últimos tres años en el Cardiocentro CIMEQ. Se dividieron en dos grupos, según la técnica quirúrgica empleada. Los pacientes operados mediante cirugía cardíaca convencional (esternotomía media se incluyeron en el grupo 1, y los de cirugía cardíaca mínimamente invasiva se incluyeron en el grupo 2, en los que se utilizó una técnica anestésica diseñada al efecto. Resultados: El tiempo anestésico, quirúrgico, de circulación extracorpórea y de pinzamiento aórtico, así como el número de unidades de glóbulos rojos transfundidas por paciente fue significativamente menor en el grupo de cirugía cardíaca video−asistida. De forma similar se comportó la estadía en la Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos y en la Sala de Cardiología; y de igual manera, el inicio de la deambulación y las complicaciones posquirúrgicas. Conclusiones: La conducción anestésica con este protocolo de trabajo es segura y factible. Los pacientes operados por esta técnica tienen muy buena recuperación, con pocas complicaciones postoperatorias, y menor estadía hospitalaria; además, es una buena opción para los pacientes de alto riesgo necesitados de cirugía, que no cumplen los criterios para el tratamiento percutáneo. / Abstract Introduction and Objectives: Minimally invasive cardiac surgery

Histerectomía total abdominal frente a histerectomía mínimamente invasiva: revisión sistemática y metaanálisis Total abdominal hysterectomy versus minimal-invasive hysterectomy: a systemic review and meta-analysis

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Felipe Jorge Aragón Palmero

2011-03-01

Full Text Available INTRODUCCIÓN. En la actualizad se usan tres tipos de histerectomías: la histerectomía vaginal, la histerectomía abdominal y la histerectomía mínimamente invasiva. El objetivo de esta investigación fue comparar la histerectomía mínimamente invasiva (HMI con la histerectomía total abdominal (HA en mujeres con enfermedades uterinas benignas. MÉTODOS. Se realizó una revisión sistemática y metaanálisis a partir de las bases de datos siguientes: MEDLINE, EBSCO HOST y The Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials. Se seleccionaron solo estudios controlados y aleatorizados. Se combinaron los datos de todos los estudios incluidos y se utilizó el riesgo relativo (RR con un intervalo de confianza del 95 %, usando el método de Mantel-Haenszel como medida de efecto para variables dicotómicas. Para el análisis de las variables continuas se utilizó la diferencia de medias. En todas las comparaciones realizadas los resultados fueron obtenidos usando modelos de efecto fijo y aleatorios. RESULTADOS. Se registraron 53 complicaciones transoperatorias en el grupo de HMI contra 17 en el grupo de HA (RR: 1,78; IC: 1,04-3,05. Las complicaciones posoperatorias se comportaron de forma similar en ambos grupos, sin diferencias significativas desde el punto de vista estadístico. Las pérdidas sanguíneas, la estadía hospitalaria y la reincorporación de la paciente a las actividades habituales y al trabajo fueron significativamente menores en el grupo laparoscópico; sin embargo, el tiempo operatorio es mayor cuando se compara con la HA (diferencia de medias: 37,36; IC: 34,36-39,93. CONCLUSIONES. Ambas técnicas tienen ventajas y desventajas. La indicación de las técnicas de HMI debe ser individualizada según la situación clínica de cada paciente y éstas no deben realizarse en centros donde no exista personal quirúrgico debidamente entrenado y con experiencia en cirugía mínimamente invasiva de avanzada.INTRODUCTION. At the present time

Comparação entre a técnica convencional e a minimamente invasiva vídeo-assistida nas tireoidectomias parciais

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Rogério Aparecido Dedivitis

Full Text Available OBJETIVO: A tireoidectomia minimamente invasiva vídeo-assistida (TIMIVA sem infusão de gás é considerada segura com vantagem estética em relação ao procedimento convencional. O objetivo deste trabalho é comparar a experiência preliminar brasileira com a TIMIVA e a técnica convencional nahemitireoidectomia. MÉTODO: Doze pacientes foram submetidos à hemitireoidectomia por doença nodular tireoidiana por TIMIVA (grupo I e quatorze pela técnica convencional (grupo II. Analisamos gênero, idade, volume do bócio, medida do maior eixo do nódulo dominante, tempo de cirurgia, queixa de dor no pós-operatório, resultado estético e complicações (paralisia de prega vocal, infecção e hematoma. RESULTADOS: No grupo I, todos eram do gênero feminino, a mediana etária foi 34 anos, a mediana do volume do bócio foi 16,5 mL, a mediana do tamanho do nódulo dominante foi 2,3 cm, a mediana do tempo cirúrgico foi 55 minutos. Oito pacientes referiram dor discreta e quatro negaram dor. A mediana do tamanho da incisão foi 2 cm, todos consideraram os resultados estéticos excelentes e não houve complicações. No grupo II, o índice feminino/masculino foi 6:1, a mediana etária foi 35 anos, a mediana do volume foi de 18 mL, a mediana do tamanho do nódulo foi 2,5 cm, a mediana do tempo foi 55 minutos. Sete pacientes referiram discreta dor, cinco moderada e dois intensa. A mediana do tamanho da cicatriz foi 5 cm. Onze pacientes consideraram os resultados estéticos excelentes e três, bom. Não houve complicações. CONCLUSÕES: A TIMIVA proporciona bom resultado estético e dor pós-operatória mínima, sem aumento do tempo cirúrgico e das complicações.

Influence of the North Atlantic Oscillation on European tropospheric composition: an observational and modelling study

Science.gov (United States)

Pope, R.; Chipperfield, M.

2017-12-01

The North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) has a strong influence on winter-time North Atlantic and European circulation patterns. Under the positive phase of the NAO (NAO+), intensification of the climatological Icelandic low and Azores high pressure systems results in strong westerly flow across the Atlantic into Europe. Under the NAO negative phase (NAO-), there is a weakening of this meridional pressure gradient resulting in a southerly shift in the westerlies flow towards the sub-tropical Atlantic. Therefore, NAO+ and NAO- introduce unstable stormy and drier stable conditions into Europe, respectively. Under NAO+ conditions, the strong westerlies tend to enhance transport of European pollution (e.g. nitrogen oxides) away from anthropogenic source regions. While during NAO-, the more stable conditions lead to a build up of pollutants. However, secondary pollutants (i.e. tropospheric ozone) show the opposite signal where NAO+, while transporting primary pollutants away, introduces Atlantic ozone enriched air into Europe. Here ozone can form downwind of pollution from continental North America and be transported into Europe via the westerly flow. Under NAO-, this westerly ozone transport is reduced yielding lower European ozone concentrations also depleted further by ozone loss through the reaction with NOx, which has accumulated over the continent. Peroxyacetyl nitrate (PAN), observed in the upper troposphere - lower stratosphere (UTLS) by satellite, peaks over Iceland/Southern Greenland in NAO-, between 200-100 hPa, consistent with trapping by an anticyclone at this altitude. During NAO+, PAN is enhanced over the sub-tropical Atlantic and Arctic. Model simulations show that enhanced PAN over Iceland/Southern Greenland in NAO- is associated with vertical transport from the troposphere into the UTLS, while peak Arctic PAN in NAO+ is its accumulation given the strong northerly meridional transport in the UTLS. UTLS ozone spatial anomalies, relative to the winter

Decreasing extracellular Na+ concentration triggers inositol polyphosphate production and Ca2+ mobilization

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Smith, J.B.; Dwyer, S.D.; Smith, L.

1989-01-01

Removing extracellular Na+ (Na+o) evoked a large increase in cytosolic free Ca2+ concentration ([Ca2+]i in human skin fibroblasts. Decreasing [Na+]o from 120 to 14 mM caused the half-maximal peak increase in [Ca2+]i. Removing Na+o strongly stimulated 45 Ca2+ efflux and decreased total cell Ca2+ by about 40%. Bradykinin caused changes in [Ca2+]i, total Ca2+, and 45 Ca2+ fluxes similar to those evoked by removing Na+o. Prior stimulation of the cells with bradykinin prevented Na+o removal from increasing [Ca2+]i and vice versa. Na+o removal rapidly increased [ 3 H]inositol polyphosphate production. Loading the cells with Na+ had no effect on the increase in 45 Ca2+ efflux produced by Na+o removal. Therefore, decreasing [Na+]o probably stimulates a receptor(s) which is sensitive to extracellular, not intracellular, Na+. Removing Na+o also mobilized intracellular Ca2+ in smooth muscle and endothelial cells cultured from human umbilical and dog coronary arteries, respectively

On the dynamics of an extreme rainfall event in northern India in 2013

Indian Academy of Sciences (India)

39

htm#nao). North-. 12 eastern Africa, Karakoram regions are also influenced by NAO; and rainfall occurs during the. 13 negative phase of NAO (McHugh et al., 2001; Archer et al., 2004). Many studies have also shown. 14 that NAO can influence ...

Índice de perfusión periférica en la UCI neonatal: una respuesta a la monitorización no invasiva del recién nacido crítico

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I. De La Peña Sanabria

2017-06-01

Full Text Available La necesidad de abordar y monitorear a los pacientes de forma mínimamente invasiva pero de manera más exacta reduciendo así el número de complicaciones, es lo que permitió desarrollar a través de los años el concepto de índice de perfusión. El índice de perfusión refleja el tono vasomotor periférico, gracias a la relación de las ondas pulsátiles y no pulsátiles medidas a través de un oxímetro de pulso. El recién nacido, particularmente el pretérmino, goza de una serie de características que lo hacen más vulnerable ante ciertas situaciones clínicas, del mismo modo, la respuesta fisiológica difiere de la de otros grupos poblacionales. De ahí el principal interés en esta nueva herramienta, la cual ayudaría a entender la compleja fisiología cardiovascular neonatal y de esta forma interpretar mejor su respuesta, realizando intervenciones oportunas. El siguiente artículo desarrolla la historia y las bases fisiológicas que ayudaron a desarrollar el índice de perfusión, además describe los estudios más recientes en la población neonatal.

Caracterización fenotípica de cepas invasivas de Neisseria meningitidis aisladas en Cuba durante 20 años

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Isabel Martínez

2006-04-01

Full Text Available Se investigaron los marcadores epidemiológicos (serogrupos, serotipos, subtipos, inmunotipos de 429 cepas invasivas, aisladas en Cuba durante 20 años (1982-2002. Basándonos en el comportamiento de la incidencia de la Enfermedad Meningocócica (EM en el período investigado, las cepas se distribuyeron en dos etapas: epidémica y postepidémica. La epidémica, comprendió 279 cepas aisladas entre 1982-1992 y la ostepidémica, incluyó 150 aislamientos pertenecientes al período comprendido entre 1993-2002. Todas se cultivaron en Agar Mueller Hinton con suero fetal bovino (5% y se incubaron 24-48 horas, 37 0C, en atmósfera húmeda con 5% de C02. La identificación de género, especie y serogrupo, se realizó mediante métodos convencionales; para la caracterización de los sero/subtipos e inmunotipos, se utilizó el ensayo inmunoenzimático (ELISA de células enteras con anticuerpos monoclonales. En ambas etapas predominó el serogrupo B (97,90%: epidémica (96,77% y postepidémica (100%. Sin embargo, el serogrupo C (1,43% y cepas no agrupables (1,8%, sólo se observaron en aislamientos de la etapa epidémica. Los otros marcadores prevalentes fueron: serotipo 4 (86,48%, subtipo P1.19,15 (78,32%, inmunotipo L3,7,9 (90,2% , todos mostraron cifras similares en ambos períodos.Predominó el fenotipo B:4:P1.19,15:L3,7,9 (69,69%, aunque, en la etapa postepidémica (77,34%, el porcentaje fue superior al de la etapa epidémica (65,66% (p<0,05; además, en las cepas de este período, se observó una mayor diversidad de asociaciones fenotípicas. Los resultados obtenidos de esta caracterización fenotípica de las cepas de Neisseria meningitidis aisladas de enfermos aporta datos valiosos al estudio, prevención y control exitoso de la EM en Cuba.

The Energy Cascade Associated with the North Atlantic Oscillation

Science.gov (United States)

Castanheira, J. M.; Marques, C. A. F.

2017-12-01

The North Atlantic Oscillation or Arctic Oscillation (NAO/AO), in a more hemispheric expression, is the dominant mode of variability of the extratropical atmospheric circulation. In the literature which analyses the association of low frequency variability of the NAO/AO with other climate variables, it is very common to find the idea of circulation and climate impacts of the NAO/AO. It is usually suggested that the NAO influences the position of North Atlantic storm tracks and the related transport of heat and moisture. However, in spite of the long time since the NAO variability mode was uncovered (Walker and Bliss, 1932), its underlying dynamical mechanisms are not well understood yet. In fact, it is not yet consensual that the NAO influences the position of the storm tracks, being possible that the relationship is in the opposite way with the storm track activity influencing de NAO. In this communication we will present an analysis of anomalies of the energy cascade associated with the NAO. A detailed version of the Lorenz energy cycle, which decomposes the energy flows into baroclinic and barotropic terms and into zonal mean and eddy components, was applied to the 6-hourly ERA-I reanalysis for the period of 1979 to 2016. The obtained results show that the positive NAO phase is preceded by an significant increase of synoptic baroclinic eddy activity. The eddy available potential energy is converted into kinetic energy and transferred to barotropic synoptic eddies. Then, the kinetic energy is transferred upscale into the barotropic planetary waves, which reproduce the NAO pattern. Therefore, we conclude that the synoptic baroclinic eddy activity forces the NAO variability. No clear signal was found for a modulating role of the NAO in the baroclinic eddy activity.

Unigene BLAST: CBRC-DRER-15-0112 [SEVENS

Lifescience Database Archive (English)

Full Text Available CBRC-DRER-15-0112 gnl|UG|Dr#S24600640 nao61h10.y1 Zebrafish Posterior segment. Unno...rmalized (nao) Danio rerio cDNA clone nao61h10 5', mRNA sequence /clone=nao61h10 /clone_end=5' /gb=DN895013 /gi=62879776 /ug=Dr.126440 /len=809 7e-49 71% ...

Unigene BLAST: CBRC-DRER-15-0109 [SEVENS

Lifescience Database Archive (English)

Full Text Available CBRC-DRER-15-0109 gnl|UG|Dr#S24600640 nao61h10.y1 Zebrafish Posterior segment. Unno...rmalized (nao) Danio rerio cDNA clone nao61h10 5', mRNA sequence /clone=nao61h10 /clone_end=5' /gb=DN895013 /gi=62879776 /ug=Dr.126440 /len=809 4e-51 71% ...

Unigene BLAST: CBRC-DRER-15-0107 [SEVENS

Lifescience Database Archive (English)

Full Text Available CBRC-DRER-15-0107 gnl|UG|Dr#S24600640 nao61h10.y1 Zebrafish Posterior segment. Unno...rmalized (nao) Danio rerio cDNA clone nao61h10 5', mRNA sequence /clone=nao61h10 /clone_end=5' /gb=DN895013 /gi=62879776 /ug=Dr.126440 /len=809 3e-59 84% ...

Unigene BLAST: CBRC-DRER-15-0115 [SEVENS

Lifescience Database Archive (English)

Full Text Available CBRC-DRER-15-0115 gnl|UG|Dr#S24600640 nao61h10.y1 Zebrafish Posterior segment. Unno...rmalized (nao) Danio rerio cDNA clone nao61h10 5', mRNA sequence /clone=nao61h10 /clone_end=5' /gb=DN895013 /gi=62879776 /ug=Dr.126440 /len=809 1e-41 67% ...

Unigene BLAST: CBRC-DRER-15-0111 [SEVENS

Lifescience Database Archive (English)

Full Text Available CBRC-DRER-15-0111 gnl|UG|Dr#S24600640 nao61h10.y1 Zebrafish Posterior segment. Unno...rmalized (nao) Danio rerio cDNA clone nao61h10 5', mRNA sequence /clone=nao61h10 /clone_end=5' /gb=DN895013 /gi=62879776 /ug=Dr.126440 /len=809 4e-48 73% ...

Unigene BLAST: CBRC-DRER-15-0105 [SEVENS

Lifescience Database Archive (English)

Full Text Available CBRC-DRER-15-0105 gnl|UG|Dr#S24600640 nao61h10.y1 Zebrafish Posterior segment. Unno...rmalized (nao) Danio rerio cDNA clone nao61h10 5', mRNA sequence /clone=nao61h10 /clone_end=5' /gb=DN895013 /gi=62879776 /ug=Dr.126440 /len=809 9e-35 69% ...

Unigene BLAST: CBRC-DRER-15-0102 [SEVENS

Lifescience Database Archive (English)

Full Text Available CBRC-DRER-15-0102 gnl|UG|Dr#S24600640 nao61h10.y1 Zebrafish Posterior segment. Unno...rmalized (nao) Danio rerio cDNA clone nao61h10 5', mRNA sequence /clone=nao61h10 /clone_end=5' /gb=DN895013 /gi=62879776 /ug=Dr.126440 /len=809 7e-30 54% ...

Unigene BLAST: CBRC-DRER-15-0103 [SEVENS

Lifescience Database Archive (English)

Full Text Available CBRC-DRER-15-0103 gnl|UG|Dr#S24600640 nao61h10.y1 Zebrafish Posterior segment. Unno...rmalized (nao) Danio rerio cDNA clone nao61h10 5', mRNA sequence /clone=nao61h10 /clone_end=5' /gb=DN895013 /gi=62879776 /ug=Dr.126440 /len=809 6e-32 56% ...

Unigene BLAST: CBRC-DRER-15-0101 [SEVENS

Lifescience Database Archive (English)

Full Text Available CBRC-DRER-15-0101 gnl|UG|Dr#S24600640 nao61h10.y1 Zebrafish Posterior segment. Unno...rmalized (nao) Danio rerio cDNA clone nao61h10 5', mRNA sequence /clone=nao61h10 /clone_end=5' /gb=DN895013 /gi=62879776 /ug=Dr.126440 /len=809 3e-47 77% ...

Unigene BLAST: CBRC-DRER-15-0113 [SEVENS

Lifescience Database Archive (English)

Full Text Available CBRC-DRER-15-0113 gnl|UG|Dr#S24600640 nao61h10.y1 Zebrafish Posterior segment. Unno...rmalized (nao) Danio rerio cDNA clone nao61h10 5', mRNA sequence /clone=nao61h10 /clone_end=5' /gb=DN895013 /gi=62879776 /ug=Dr.126440 /len=809 2e-51 73% ...

Unigene BLAST: CBRC-DRER-15-0114 [SEVENS

Lifescience Database Archive (English)

Full Text Available CBRC-DRER-15-0114 gnl|UG|Dr#S24600640 nao61h10.y1 Zebrafish Posterior segment. Unno...rmalized (nao) Danio rerio cDNA clone nao61h10 5', mRNA sequence /clone=nao61h10 /clone_end=5' /gb=DN895013 /gi=62879776 /ug=Dr.126440 /len=809 1e-38 62% ...

Unigene BLAST: CBRC-DRER-15-0108 [SEVENS

Lifescience Database Archive (English)

Full Text Available CBRC-DRER-15-0108 gnl|UG|Dr#S24600640 nao61h10.y1 Zebrafish Posterior segment. Unno...rmalized (nao) Danio rerio cDNA clone nao61h10 5', mRNA sequence /clone=nao61h10 /clone_end=5' /gb=DN895013 /gi=62879776 /ug=Dr.126440 /len=809 7e-53 74% ...

Unigene BLAST: CBRC-DRER-15-0100 [SEVENS

Lifescience Database Archive (English)

Full Text Available CBRC-DRER-15-0100 gnl|UG|Dr#S24600640 nao61h10.y1 Zebrafish Posterior segment. Unno...rmalized (nao) Danio rerio cDNA clone nao61h10 5', mRNA sequence /clone=nao61h10 /clone_end=5' /gb=DN895013 /gi=62879776 /ug=Dr.126440 /len=809 3e-52 75% ...

Unigene BLAST: CBRC-DRER-15-0106 [SEVENS

Lifescience Database Archive (English)

Full Text Available CBRC-DRER-15-0106 gnl|UG|Dr#S24600640 nao61h10.y1 Zebrafish Posterior segment. Unno...rmalized (nao) Danio rerio cDNA clone nao61h10 5', mRNA sequence /clone=nao61h10 /clone_end=5' /gb=DN895013 /gi=62879776 /ug=Dr.126440 /len=809 2e-51 75% ...

Unigene BLAST: CBRC-DRER-15-0110 [SEVENS

Lifescience Database Archive (English)

Full Text Available CBRC-DRER-15-0110 gnl|UG|Dr#S24600640 nao61h10.y1 Zebrafish Posterior segment. Unno...rmalized (nao) Danio rerio cDNA clone nao61h10 5', mRNA sequence /clone=nao61h10 /clone_end=5' /gb=DN895013 /gi=62879776 /ug=Dr.126440 /len=809 2e-71 99% ...

Unigene BLAST: CBRC-DRER-15-0104 [SEVENS

Lifescience Database Archive (English)

Full Text Available CBRC-DRER-15-0104 gnl|UG|Dr#S24600640 nao61h10.y1 Zebrafish Posterior segment. Unno...rmalized (nao) Danio rerio cDNA clone nao61h10 5', mRNA sequence /clone=nao61h10 /clone_end=5' /gb=DN895013 /gi=62879776 /ug=Dr.126440 /len=809 5e-58 79% ...

Avaliação clínica não-invasiva de disfagia no AVC: Revisão sistemática Evaluación clínica no invasiva de disfagia en el ACV: Revisión sistemática Non-invasive dysphagia screening for stroke survivors: Systematic review

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Anabela Tavares Cardoso

2011-12-01

Full Text Available Em Portugal, o AVC é considerado a principal causa de morte, bem como de incapacidade associada às sequelas cognitivas e motoras. A incidência de disfagia varia entre 22 - 65% dos doentes (Ramsey, Smithard e Kalra, 2003. Estudos revelam que 30 - 40% dos idosos institucionalizados apresentam disfagia, que se traduz numa alta incidência de complicações por aspiração (World Gastroenterology Organization, 2004. Assim, foi realizada uma revisão sistemática para minimizar os riscos da avaliação empírica, identificando os recursos disponíveis, de baixo custo e fácil acesso, com o objetivo de aumentar os ganhos em saúde. Seguiu-se a metodologia do Cochrane Handbook, delineando-se a seguinte questão: “que métodos de avaliação não-invasiva da disfagia na pessoa com AVC existem com validade e fidelidade demonstradas?” Desenvolveu-se uma pesquisa dos estudos primários publicados a partir de 2005 nas bases de dados científicas. Conseguiram-se identificar dois estudos com os resultados da aplicação de duas escalas distintas usadas no diagnóstico de disfagia em doentes com AVC (em fase aguda e/ou em reabilitação, sendo que um deles avalia também o risco de aspiração. Os resultados preveêm ganhos em saúde com a utilização destas escalas, ainda que seja necessário treino e estudos posteriores para a obtenção de uma amostra significativa.En Portugal, el ACV es considerado la principal causa de muerte, así como de incapacidad asociada a las secuelas cognitivas y motoras. La incidencia de disfagia varía entre 22 a 65% de los pacientes (Ramsey, Smithard y Kalra, 2003. Los estudios revelan que 30 a 40% de los adultos mayores institucionalizados presentan disfagia, lo cual se traduce en una alta incidencia de complicaciones por aspiración (World Gastroenterology Organization, 2004. Así, fue realizada una revisión sistemática para minimizar los riesgos de la evaluación empírica, identificando los recursos disponibles

Cepas invasivas de pneumococo isoladas de crianças e adolescentes em Salvador Invasive pneumococcal strains isolated from children and adolescents in Salvador

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Cristiana M. Nascimento-Carvalho

2003-06-01

Full Text Available OBJETIVOS: descrever resistência antimicrobiana e sorotipos de cepas de pneumococo. MÉTODOS: durante 57 meses, foi conduzida uma vigilância de cepas invasivas de pneumococo de pacientes com idade OBJECTIVE: describe the antimicrobial resistance and serotype distribution of pneumococcal strains. METHODS: in a 57-month period, a laboratory-based surveillance of invasive pneumococcal strains from patients aged < 20 years was conducted. Pneumococcus was identified by means of tests for solubility in bile and optochin. Pneumococcal resistance to penicillin was screened by 1µg oxacillin disc and minimal inhibitory concentration was determined for the strains not susceptible to penicillin. Disc diffusion and broth microdilution methods were used for surveillance of resistance to other antimicrobials. Pneumococci were serotyped by means of the Neufeld-Quellung reactions. RESULTS: of 70 patients, 57.1% were males. The mean age was 1.92 yrs (mean 3.19 + 3.66 yrs, range 1 month to 19.5 yrs; 52.9% and 81.4% were < 2 yrs and < 5 yrs, respectively. The strains were isolated from blood (91.4%, CSF (2.9%, pleural (2.9%, peritoneal (1.4% and abscess (1.4% fluids from patients with pneumonia (77.1%, fever without localizing signs (10.0%, meningitis (4.3%, others (8.6%. Resistance was detected to penicillin (20.0%, trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (65.7%, tetracycline (21.4%, ofloxacin (6.3%, erythromycin (5.7%, clindamycin (2.9%. All tested strains were susceptible to chloramphenicol and vancomycin. Among penicillin-resistant strains, high resistance was detected in one, the same that showed intermediate resistance to cefotaxime. The most frequent serotypes were: 14 (22.9%, 5 and 6A (10.0% each, 6B and 19F (8.6% each, 9V, 18C and 23F (5.7% each. Resistance to penicillin was detected in serotypes 14 (71.4%, 6B and 19F (14.3% each. CONCLUSIONS: of 70 strains, 67.2% were classified as serotypes included in the heptavalent conjugate pneumococcal vaccine as well as

Variations in suicide method and in suicide occurrence by season and day of the week in Russia and the Nenets Autonomous Okrug, Northwestern Russia: a retrospective population-based mortality study.

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Sumarokov, Yury A; Brenn, Tormod; Kudryavtsev, Alexander V; Nilssen, Odd

2015-09-23

Suicide is an important world health issue, especially in territories inhabited by indigenous people. This investigated differences in suicide rates, suicide methods, and suicide occurrence by month and day of the week among the indigenous and non-indigenous populations of the Nenets Autonomous Okrug (NAO) and to compare the findings from the NAO with national Russian statistics. In this retrospective population-based mortality study we investigated all suicides that occurred in the NAO in 2002-2012 (N = 252). Suicide method and the month and day of the week suicide occurred was taken from autopsy reports and disaggregated by ethnic group (indigenous and non-indigenous) and sex. Data from the NAO were then compared with national data from the Russian Federal Statistics Service (Rosstat). Hanging was the most common suicide method in the NAO in both indigenous and non-indigenous populations. The proportion of suicides by hanging among males was lower in the NAO than in national data (69.3 vs 86.2 %), but the inverse was true for females (86.5 vs 74.9 %). Suicide by firearm and by cutting was significantly higher among the indigenous population in the NAO when compared with national data. Peaks in suicide occurrence were observed in May and September in the NAO, whereas national data showed only one peak in May. Suicide occurrence in the indigenous population of the NAO was highest in April, while the non-indigenous population showed peaks in May and September. Suicide occurrence in the NAO was highest on Fridays; in national data this occurrence was highest on Mondays. We showed different relative frequencies of suicide by hanging, cutting, and firearm, as well as different suicide occurrence by month and day of the week in the NAO compared with Russia as a whole. These results can be used to plan suicide prevention activities in the Russian Arctic.

Development of the Wintertime Sr/Ca-SST Record from Red Sea Corals as a Proxy for the North Atlantic Oscillation

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Bernstein, W. N.; Hughen, K. A.

2009-12-01

The North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) is one of the most pronounced and influential patterns in winter atmospheric circulation variability. This meridional redistribution of atmospheric mass across the Atlantic Ocean produces large changes in the intensity, number and direction of storms generated within the basin, and the regional climate of surrounding continents. The NAO exerts a significant impact on society, through influences on agriculture, fisheries, water management, energy generation and coastal development. NAO effects on climate extend from eastern North America across Europe to the eastern Mediterranean and Middle East. Changes in NAO behavior during the late 20th century have been linked to global warming; yet despite its importance, the causes and long-term patterns of NAO variability in the past remain poorly understood. In order to better predict the influence of the NAO on climate in the future, it is critical to examine multi-century NAO variability. The Red Sea is an excellent location from which to generate long NAO records for two reasons. First, patterns of wintertime sea surface temperature (SST) and salinity (SSS) in the Red Sea are highly correlated with NAO variability (Visbeck et al. 2001; Hurrell et al. 2003). Second, the tropical/subtropical Red Sea region contains fast growing long-lived massive Porites spp. corals with annually banded skeletons. These corals are ideal for generating well-dated high-resolution paleoclimatic records that extend well beyond the instrumental period. Here we present a study of winter SST and NAO variability in the Red sea region based on coral Sr/Ca data. In 2008, we collected multiple drill cores ranging in length from 1 to 4.1 meters from Porites corals at six sites spanning a large SST gradient. Sr/Ca measurements from multiple corals will be regressed against 23 years of satellite SST data, expanding the SST range over which we calibrate. A sampling resolution of 0.5mm will yield greater than bi

Use of Bacillus subtilis isolates from Tua-nao towards nutritional improvement of soya bean hull for monogastric feed application.

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Wongputtisin, P; Khanongnuch, C; Kongbuntad, W; Niamsup, P; Lumyong, S; Sarkar, P K

2014-09-01

Soya bean hull (SBH) is a cheap and high-fibre content feed ingredient that obtained after soya bean oil extraction. Microbial fermentation was expected to improve SBH qualities before applying to animals, especially monogastric animals. Two bacterial strains, Bacillus subtilis MR10 and TK8 that were isolated from Tua-nao, a traditional fermented soya bean in northern Thailand, were used for fermented soya bean hull (FSBH) production. Both could easily grow at 37°C in SBH as the sole substrate. MR10 produced the highest β-mannanase activity (400 U g(-1) SBH) on day 2, while TK8 produced the highest cellulase activity (14·5 U g(-1) SBH) on day 3. After fermentation, the nutritional quality of SBH was obviously improved by an increase in soluble sugars, soluble proteins, crude protein and crude lipid, and a decrease in the content of raffinose family oligosaccharides. Scavenging activity (%) of SBH against ABTS radical cation was also increased from 14 to 27 and 20% by MR10 and TK8 fermentation, respectively. According to the GRAS property of these both strains and various improvements of nutritional values, the fermented SBH proved to be a potential feed ingredient, especially for the monogastric animals. Normally, soya bean hull has been recognized as only a worthless by-product from soya bean oil production process because of its low utilizable nutrients. Our study introduced an alternative way to utilize this worthless residue using biotechnological knowledge. The nutritional quality of soya bean hull was improved by microbial fermentation. Fermented soya bean hull can be used as a cheap, safe and high-nutrient feed ingredient for livestock production, especially monogastric animals, to promote their growth performances, instead of using antibiotics in some regions of the world. © 2014 The Society for Applied Microbiology.

Spatial patterns of North Atlantic Oscillation influence on mass balance variability of European glaciers

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B. Marzeion

2012-06-01

Full Text Available We present and validate a set of minimal models of glacier mass balance variability. The most skillful model is then applied to reconstruct 7735 individual time series of mass balance variability for all glaciers in the European Alps and Scandinavia. Subsequently, we investigate the influence of atmospheric variability associated with the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO on the glaciers' mass balances.

We find a spatial coherence in the glaciers' sensitivity to NAO forcing which is caused by regionally similar mechanisms relating the NAO forcing to the mass balance: in southwestern Scandinavia, winter precipitation causes a correlation of mass balances with the NAO. In northern Scandinavia, temperature anomalies outside the core winter season cause an anti-correlation between NAO and mass balances. In the western Alps, both temperature and winter precipitation anomalies lead to a weak anti-correlation of mass balances with the NAO, while in the eastern Alps, the influences of winter precipitation and temperature anomalies tend to cancel each other, and only on the southern side a slight anti-correlation of mass balances with the NAO prevails.

Treinamento resistido reduz riscos cardiovasculares em idosas

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Luís Ângelo Macêdo Santiago

2015-08-01

Full Text Available INTRODUÇÃO: O envelhecimento humano aliado ao estilo de vida sedentário é marcado por alterações metabólicas com modificação na composição corporal, que repercutem diretamente na proteína C-reativa (PCR, sendo este um importante marcador de risco de doenças cardiovasculares (DCV. O treinamento resistido (TR é um método muito utilizado na prevenção de doenças associadas ao envelhecimento. Objetivo: Avaliar os efeitos de oito semanas de TR sobre a composição corporal, força muscular e PCR em um grupo de idosas.MÉTODO: Foi realizado um estudo experimental com 10 idosas (63 ± 2 anos de idade. Para o ensaio de PCR, análises bioquímicas de hemograma e lipidograma completos foram coletadas amostras de sangue venoso periférico antes do exercício e 24 horas depois. Para medidas antropométricas calcularam-se índice de massa corporal (IMC, relação cintura/quadril (RCQ e composição corporal. O TR foi realizado por Série Combinada - Bi-Set. Para a análise estatística, primeiramente foi realizado o teste de normalidade de Shapiro-Wilk (p > 0,05 para testes paramétricos. As variáveis do grupo foram apresentadas como média e desvio padrão. Para variáveis de PCR, antropométricas, composição corporal e perfil lipídico foram realizados o teste t de Student,tanto anterior quanto posteriormente às oito semanas de treinamento. Para as amostras da evolução das cargas e médias do consumo alimentar foi realizado o teste One Way ANOVA e, quando necessário, o teste post hoc de Tukey. O nível de significância adotado foi de p ≤ 0,05.RESULTADOS: Houve redução estatisticamente significativa (p = 0,02 para as concentrações séricas de PCR, o que significa uma redução de 70,96%, além de diminuir a massa gorda e aumentar a massa magra e a carga de treino após oito semanas.CONCLUSÃO: Oito semanas de TR reduziram as concentrações séricas de proteína C-reativa, assim como diminuíram a massa gorda e aumentaram o volume muscular, demonstrando ser uma estratégia eficiente para a diminuição dos fatores de riscos de doenças cardiovasculares.

Laserterapia de baixa intensidade no pós-operatório da síndrome do túnel do carpo Low-level laser therapy after carpal tunnel release

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Marcelo de Pinho Teixeira Alves

2011-01-01

Full Text Available OBJETIVO: Avaliar o tratamento pós-operatório da síndrome do túnel do carpo (STC, utilizando-se a laserterapia de baixa intensidade (LBI. MÉTODO: Foram avaliados prospectivamente 58 pacientes portadores de STC, divididos aleatoriamente em dois grupos: tratamento com LBI (grupo 1 e placebo (grupo 2. Foi utilizado laser de 830nm, de gálio-alumínio-arsênico, e potência de 30mW. RESULTADOS: Houve predominância do sexo feminino, em ambos os grupos. A média de idade dos pacientes do grupo 1 foi de 44,3 anos e do grupo 2, de 51,9 anos. A média do tempo de evolução da doença foi aproximadamente dois anos em ambos os grupos. A média do tempo decorrido para alta do tratamento foi de 3,6 meses, em ambos os grupos, com menor número de pacientes queixosos no pós-operatório do grupo 1 do que do grupo 2. Ao fim do tratamento, no grupo 1, 29,41% dos pacientes apresentavam eletroneuromiografia alterada, enquanto que, no grupo 2, foram 63,64% dos pacientes após seis meses. CONCLUSÕES: Trata-se de estudo inicial sobre a terapêutica adjuvante utilizando LBI no pós-operatório da STC. A metodologia apresentada foi suficiente para a avaliação pós-operatória dos pacientes do estudo. Os pacientes submetidos à LBI após a cirurgia para STC foram beneficiados e obtiveram melhores resultados funcionais quando comparados ao grupo controle. A técnica foi eficaz e sem efeitos adversos nos pacientes estudados.OBJECTIVE: Evaluate the post-operative treatment of CTS, using the LLLT. METHOD: We prospectively evaluated 58 patients with CTS, randomly divided into two groups: treatment with LLLT (Group 1 and placebo (Group 2. A 830 nm gallium-aluminum-arsenic laser was used, with a power of 30 mW. RESULTS: There was female predominance in both groups. The mean age of the patients in Group 1 was 44.3 years and in Group 2, 51.9 years. The average duration of disease progression was around two years in both groups. The average time elapsed since discharge

Winter North Atlantic Oscillation impact on European precipitation and drought under climate change

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Tsanis, I.; Tapoglou, E.

2018-01-01

The North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) is responsible for the climatic variability in the Northern Hemisphere, in particular, in Europe and is related to extreme events, such as droughts. The purpose of this paper is to study the correlation between precipitation and winter (December-January-February-March (DJFM)) NAO both for the historical period (1951-2000) and two future periods (2001-2050 and 2051-2100). NAO is calculated for these three periods by using sea level pressure, while precipitation data from seven climate models following the representative concentration pathway (RCP) 8.5 are also used in this study. An increasing trend in years with positive DJFM NAO values in the future is defined by this data, along with higher average DJFM NAO values. The correlation between precipitation and DJFM NAO is high, especially in the Northern (high positive) and Southern Europe (high negative). Therefore, higher precipitation in Northern Europe and lower precipitation in Southern Europe are expected in the future. Cross-spectral analysis between precipitation and DJFM NAO time series in three different locations in Europe revealed the best coherence in a dominant cycle between 3 and 4 years. Finally, the maximum drought period in terms of consecutive months with drought is examined in these three locations. The results can be used for strategic planning in a sustainable water resources management plan, since there is a link between drought events and NAO.

Up-Regulation of CYP2C19 Expression by BuChang NaoXinTong via PXR Activation in HepG2 Cells.

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Hong Sun

Full Text Available Cytochrome P450 2C19 (CYP2C19 is an important drug-metabolizing enzyme (DME, which is responsible for the biotransformation of several kinds of drugs such as proton pump inhibitors, platelet aggregation inhibitors and antidepressants. Previous studies showed that Buchang NaoXinTong capsules (NXT increased the CYP2C19 metabolic activity in vitro and enhanced the antiplatelet effect of clopidogrel in vivo. However, the underlying molecular mechanism remained unclear. In the present study, we examined whether Pregnane X receptor (PXR plays a role in NXT-mediated regulation of CYP2C19 expression.We applied luciferase assays, real-time quantitative PCR (qPCR, Western blotting and cell-based analysis of metabolic activity experiments to investigate the NXT regulatory effects on the CYP2C19 promoter activity, the mRNA/ protein expression and the metabolic activity.Our results demonstrated that NXT significantly increased the CYP2C19 promoter activity when co-transfected with PXR in HepG2 cells. Mutations in PXR responsive element abolished the NXT inductive effects on the CYP2C19 promoter transcription. Additionally, NXT incubation (150 and 250μg/mL also markedly up-regulated endogenous CYP2C19 mRNA and protein levels in PXR-transfected HepG2 cells. Correspondingly, NXT leaded to a significant enhancement of the CYP2C19 catalytic activity in PXR-transfected HepG2 cells.In summary, this is the first study to suggest that NXT could induce CYP2C19 expression via PXR activation.

Outcome of sporadic amyotrophic lateral sclerosis treated With non-invasive ventilation and riluzole Sobrevida en pacientes con esclerosis lateral amiotrófica esporádica tratados con ventilación no invasiva y riluzole

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Martín Sívori

2007-08-01

Full Text Available Sporadic amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (sALS is a progressive degenerative motor neuron disorder lacking specific treatment. Riluzole is the only drug able to modestly slow down the course of the disease. Respiratory insufficiency is the main cause of death; non invasive ventilation (NIV has shown to improve survival. Our aim was to evaluate the effect of NIV and riluzole on survival. Ninety seven patients with a diagnosis of sALS were assessed and followed up for 60 months. Twenty nine patients received NIV and 68 did not (nNIV. Overall median survival In the NIV group was 15.41 ± 7.78 months vs. 10.88 ± 7.78 months in the nNIV group (p= 0.028. Median survival time was not different in patients receiving riluzole (n=44, as compared with those who did not (n=53, although at month 4th and 5th riluzole treated patients showed a modest benefit. In those who only received NIV (n=11 or only riluzole (n=26, survival time was 13.45 ± 13.44 months and 11.19 ± 7.79 months, respectively. Patients who received both NIV and riluzole (n=18 had a median survival time of 16.61 ± 10.97 months vs. 10.69 ± 7.86 months for those who received only supportive treatment (n=42 (p= 0.021. NIV improved survival in our series of patients. Riluzole did not show any significant impact on survival when employed as the only therapy. Patients receiving both treatments simultaneously had a significant longer survival.La esclerosis lateral amiotrófica esporádica (sALS es una enfermedad degenerativa para la que no existe tratamiento etiológico eficaz. El riluzole prolonga poco la sobrevida. La principal causa de muerte es la insuficiencia respiratoria. Uno de los tratamientos para esta última es la ventilación asistida no invasiva (NIV con equipos de doble nivel de presión. El objetivo de este trabajo fue determinar el impacto en la sobrevida de estos enfermos combinando ventilación no invasiva y riluzole. Se evaluaron y siguieron durante 60 meses 97 pacientes con

Opção minimamente invasiva lateral para artrodese intersomática tóraco-lombar Opción mínimamente invasiva lateral para artrodesis intersomática toracolumbar Minimally invasive lateral option for thoracic-lumbar intersomatic arthrodesis

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Rodrigo Amaral

2011-01-01

Full Text Available OBJETIVO: O objetivo deste artigo é mostrar resultados clínicos e radiográficos do acesso lateral transpoas na experiência brasileira em condições degenerativas do disco intervertebral. MÉTODOS: 46 pacientes foram submetidos à fusão intersomática lombar por via lateral. Dentre os casos, 18 eram do sexo masculino e 28 do sexo feminino, com idade média de 57,3 (84-32 anos e média de IMC de 25,9 ± 3,1. Todos os pacientes completaram um ano de acompanhamento. Foram coletados exames radiológicos, como raio X e tomografia computadorizada, exame neurológico e resultados clínicos usando os questionários ODI e VAS (costas e membros inferiores. RESULTADOS: Os procedimentos foram realizados, sem ocorrência de complicações intra-operatórias importantes, em uma média de 103,9 ± 105,5 minutos e com menos de 50cc de perda sanguínea. Em oito dos 46 procedimentos (17,4% foi utilizada suplementação por parafusos pediculares percutâneos por apresentarem instabilidade segmentar. Foram tratados 80 níveis (de um a cinco níveis tóraco-lombares (de T12-L1 a L4-L5. Os resultados clínicos avaliados pelos questionários revelaram melhora significante de dor logo após uma semana da cirurgia e da função física após seis semanas. A lordose lombar foi de 36,5 ± 14,7 no pré-operatório para 43,4 ± 12,4 no seguimento de 12 meses. Todos os pacientes apresentaram formação óssea após 12 meses da cirurgia. Sete casos foram revisados (15,2%, ainda de forma minimamente invasiva devido à estenose persistente (três casos; 6,5%, afundamento do espaçador (três casos; 6,5% ou mal-alinhamento de barra da suplementação (um caso; 2,8%. CONCLUSÕES: Com melhora de parâmetros clínicos e radiológicos, a técnica se mostrou segura e eficaz no tratamento de condições degenerativas da coluna lombar.OBJETIVO: El objetivo de este artículo es mostrar resultados clínicos y radiográficos del acceso lateral transpolar, en la experiencia brasile

The North Atlantic Oscillation: variability and interactions with the North Atlantic ocean and Artic sea ice

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Jung, T

2000-07-01

The North Atlantic oscillation (NAO) represents the dominant mode of atmospheric variability in the North Atlantic region and describes the strengthening and weakening of the midlatitude westerlies. In this study, variability of the NAO during wintertime and its relationship to the North Atlantic ocean and Arctic sea ice is investigated. For this purpose, observational data are analyzed along with integrations of models for the Atlantic ocean, Arctic sea ice, and the coupled global climate system. From a statistical point of view, the observed NAO index shows unusually high variance on interdecadal time scales during the 20th century. Variability on other time scales is consistent with realizations of random processes (''white noise''). Recurrence of wintertime NAO anomalies from winter-to-winter with missing signals during the inbetween nonwinter seasons is primarily associated with interdecadal variability of the NAO. This recurrence indicates that low-frequency changes of the NAO during the 20th century were in part externally forced. (orig.)

The North Atlantic Oscillation: variability and interactions with the North Atlantic ocean and Artic sea ice

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Jung, T.

2000-07-01

The North Atlantic oscillation (NAO) represents the dominant mode of atmospheric variability in the North Atlantic region and describes the strengthening and weakening of the midlatitude westerlies. In this study, variability of the NAO during wintertime and its relationship to the North Atlantic ocean and Arctic sea ice is investigated. For this purpose, observational data are analyzed along with integrations of models for the Atlantic ocean, Arctic sea ice, and the coupled global climate system. From a statistical point of view, the observed NAO index shows unusually high variance on interdecadal time scales during the 20th century. Variability on other time scales is consistent with realizations of random processes (''white noise''). Recurrence of wintertime NAO anomalies from winter-to-winter with missing signals during the inbetween nonwinter seasons is primarily associated with interdecadal variability of the NAO. This recurrence indicates that low-frequency changes of the NAO during the 20th century were in part externally forced. (orig.)

Observed linkages between the northern annular mode/North Atlantic Oscillation, cloud incidence, and cloud radiative forcing

Science.gov (United States)

Li, Ying; Thompson, David W. J.; Huang, Yi; Zhang, Minghong

2014-03-01

The signature of the northern annular mode/North Atlantic Oscillation (NAM/NAO) in the vertical and horizontal distribution of tropospheric cloudiness is investigated in CloudSat and CALIPSO data from June 2006 to April 2011. During the Northern Hemisphere winter, the positive polarity of the NAM/NAO is marked by increases in zonally averaged cloud incidence north of ~60°N, decreases between ~25 and 50°N, and increases in the subtropics. The tripolar-like anomalies in cloud incidence associated with the NAM/NAO are largest over the North Atlantic Ocean basin/Middle East and are physically consistent with the NAM/NAO-related anomalies in vertical motion. Importantly, the NAM/NAO-related anomalies in tropospheric cloud incidence lead to significant top of atmosphere cloud radiative forcing anomalies that are comparable in amplitude to those associated with the NAM/NAO-related temperature anomalies. The results provide observational evidence that the most prominent pattern of Northern Hemisphere climate variability is significantly linked to variations in cloud radiative forcing. Implications for two-way feedback between extratropical dynamics and cloud radiative forcing are discussed.

Pre-Schoolers' Interest and Caring Behaviour around a Humanoid Robot

Science.gov (United States)

Ioannou, Andri; Andreou, Emily; Christofi, Maria

2015-01-01

This exploratory case study involved a humanoid robot, NAO, and four pre-schoolers. NAO was placed in an indoor playground together with other toys and appeared as a peer who played, talked, danced and said stories. Analysis of video recordings focused on children's behaviour around NAO and how the robot gained children's attention and…

The Spatial and Temporal Variability of the North Atlantic Oscillation Recorded in Ice Core Major Ion Time Series

Science.gov (United States)

Wawrzeniak, T. L.; Wake, C. P.; Fischer, H.; Fisher, D. A.; Schwikowski, M.

2006-05-01

The North Atlantic Oscillation represents a significant mode of atmospheric variability for the Arctic and sub- Artic climate system. Developing a longer-term record of the spatial and temporal variability of the NAO could improve our understanding of natural climate variability in the region. Previous work has shown a significant relationship between Greenland ice core records and the NAO. Here, we have compared sea-salt and dust records from nine ice cores around the Arctic region to sea level pressure and NAO indices to evaluate the extent to which these ice cores can be used to reconstruct the NAO.

Revascularização do miocárdio por técnica minimamente invasiva: o que aprendemos após 3 anos com seu emprego

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JATENE Fabio B.

1999-01-01

Full Text Available Objetivo: Com as avanços no tratamento das lesões obstrutivas das artérias coronárias pela hemodinâmica, torna-se atraente a revascularização do miocárdio pelas técnicas minimamente invasivas. O objetivo deste trabalho é o relato de nossa experiência após 3 anos com o uso desta técnica, analisando-se a utilização de estabilizador mecânico de suturas, as vias de acesso e os resultados obtidos. Casuística e Métodos: Foram operados 120 pacientes, sendo 86 do sexo masculino, com idades variando de 30 a 83 anos (média de 61,2 anos. Todos eram portadores de lesões coronarianas obstrutivas acima de 80%. Os uniarteriais eram portadores de lesões, de 79,2% no ramo interventricular anterior (RIA, 1,6% dos ramos diagonais (Dg e 0,8% da artéria coronária direita (CD. Os biarteriais apresentavam lesões de 17,6% RIA e Dg e 0,8% RIA e Marginal esquerda da artéria circunflexa (MgE. Foram utilizadas duas vias de acesso: para lesões isoladas do RIA foi utilizada preferencialmente a minitoracotomia anterior de 8 cm no quarto espaço intercostal esquerdo. Para lesões associadas RIA/Dg foi utilizada incisão longitudinal mediana limitada de 10 a 12 cm, com secção total do esterno e afastamento de 5 a 6 cm de suas bordas. Não foi utilizada circulação extracorpórea e não houve manipulação ou abordagem da aorta. Foram usados betabloqueadores e vasodilatadores endovenosos e, para realização das anastomoses, torniquetes proximais em todos os casos, além do CO2 para manter o campo operatório livre de sangue. Nos últimos 82 pacientes utilizou-se o estabilizador mecânico de sutura para redução regional dos batimentos cardíacos. Em 22 (18,4% pacientes a ATIE foi alongada com segmento de veia safena, artéria radial ou epigástrica. Na revascularização para RIA e Dg foi utilizado "Y" artificial a partir da ATIE com enxerto venoso ou arterial. Estudo cinecoronariográfico foi realizado entre o 1º e 3º dias de pós-operatório em

3D coordination polymers with nitrilotriacetic and 4,4'-bipyridyl mixed ligands: structural variation based on dinuclear or tetranuclear subunits assisted by Na-O and/or O-H...O interactions.

Science.gov (United States)

Lü, Xing-Qiang; Jiang, Ji-Jun; Chen, Chun-Long; Kang, Bei-Sheng; Su, Cheng-Yong

2005-06-27

The reactions of Cu(II) with the mixed nitrilotriacetic acid (H3NTA) and 4,4'-bipyridyl (4,4'-bpy) ligands in different metal-to-ligand ratios in the presence of NaOH and NaClO4 afforded two complexes, Na3[Cu2(NTA)2(4,4'-bpy)]ClO4 x 5H2O (1) and [Cu2(NTA) (4,4'-bpy)2]ClO4 x 4H2O (2). The two complexes have been characterized by elemental analysis, IR, XRD, and single-crystal X-ray diffraction. 1 contains a basic doubly negatively charged [Cu2(NTA)2(4,4'-bpy)]2- dinuclear unit which was further assembled via multiple Na-O and O-H...O interactions into a three-dimensional (3D) pillared-layer structure. 2 features a two-dimensional (2D) undulated brick-wall architecture containing a basic doubly positively charged [Cu4(NTA)2(4,4'-bpy)2]2+ tetranuclear unit. The 2D network possesses large cavities hosting guest molecules and was further assembled via O-H...O hydrogen bonds into a 3D structure with several channels running in different directions.

Desmame de ventilação não invasiva: Experiência com períodos de descontinuação Weaning from non-invasive positive pressure ventilation:Experience with progressive periods of withdraw

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C Damas

2008-02-01

Full Text Available Introdução: Nos últimos anos, a ventilação não invasiva (VNI tornou-se numa opção terapêutica válida nas exacerbações agudas de doentes com doença pulmonar crónica obstrutiva. No entanto, apesar de muito utilizada, existe muito pouca informação sobre o desmame deste modo ventilatório. Objectivos: Descrever um protocolo de desmame baseado em períodos progressivos de descontinuação de VNI. Métodos: Durante um ano foram admitidos 78 doentes na nossa unidade para início de VNI devido a exacerbações agudas de doentes com doença pulmonar crónica obstrutiva. O desmame de VNI era considerado em doentes que se apresentavam sem acidose e com frequência respiratória inferior a 25 ciclos por minuto. O desmane era realizado da seguinte forma: Durante as primeiras 24 horas, em cada 3 horas de período diurno o doente estava sem VNI durante uma hora (excepto à noite; no segundo dia, em cada 3 horas o doente estava sem VNI durante 2 horas (excepto à noite, e no terceiro dia a VNI era utilizada apenas em período nocturno. Resultados: Sessenta doentes iniciaram o protocolo de desmame. O tempo médio de VNI foi de 120.9 horas (17 a 192 horas. Não houve registo de complicações nos doentes que iniciaram este protocolo. Todos completaram o protocolo sem necessidade de reinstituir VNI ou ventilação invasiva durante o internamento. Conclusões: Descrevemos uma taxa excelente de sucesso de desmame de VNI em doentes com exacerbações agudas de doentes com insuficiência respiratória crónica. Apesar de este protocolo implicar uma duração de 72 horas, os resultados sugerem que estratégias baseadas em períodos com e sem VNI são eficazes. No entanto, estratégias menos demoradas merecem investigação.Background: In recent years non-invasive ventilation (NIV as become a valuable therapeutic option in exacerbations of patients with chronic pulmonary obstructive disease. Although widely used there is a paucity of information on

Comunicación entre equipo de enfermería y pacientes con ventilación mecánica invasiva en una unidad de paciente crítico

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Noelia Pilar Rojas

2014-01-01

Full Text Available La comunicación se basa en la utilización de herramientas e involucra la interacción recíproca de dos interlocutores. En las Unidades de Cuidados Intensivo (UCI, la aplicación de ventilación mecánica invasiva (VMI, genera condiciones especiales en el paciente que difi- cultan su comunicación. La ausencia de comunicación entre el equipo de enfermería (EE y los pacientes con VMI es atribuida a múltiples barreras y produce efectos negativos que afectan la recuperación y el bienestar. Objetivo: conocer las características de la comunicación con pacientes con VMI que aplica elementos de la Teoría Fundada para el proceso de análisis y utilizó como técnica de recolecci ón de datos grupos focales de enfermeras y técnicos de enfermería que realizan cuidado directo a pacientes con VMI en una UCI. Método: investigación de diseño cualitativo, orientada por la Teoría Fundada, para el análisis y la asociación de conceptos, que utiliz ó grupos focales como técnica de recolección de la información. Resultados: si bien los hallazgos permiten describir las principales caracte- rísticas de la comunicación con estos pacientes identificando los medios y las formas utilizados por el EE para hacerlo, los mo mentos en que ocurre la comunicación, los beneficios y las barreras percibidas por el grupo de participantes, no se llega a establecer una categoría central con las estructuras y definiciones del proceso dentro de la misma, para lo que se requerirían nuevas investigaciones. Conclusión: a partir de estos hallazgos se espera contribuir al cuerpo de conocimientos de la disciplina de enfermería y fortalecer la gestión del cuidado que realiza el EE en las UCI.

Influência da Oscilação do Atlântico Norte no clima do continente europeu e no caudal dos rios ibéricos atlânticos

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Ricardo Trigo

2002-06-01

Full Text Available THE IMPACT OF THE NORTH ATLANTIC OSCILLATION ON THE EUROPEAN CLIMATE AND RIVER FLOW OF THREE MAJOR IBERIAN RIVERS – The North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO is the most dominant mode of atmospheric circulation variability over the entire Northern Hemisphere (NH and has recently been shown to be related to climate over large regions of the NH, in particular, over the European and North American continents. Here, a multivariable analysis of the influence ofthe NAO on the climate of the North Atlantic and European sectors is presented using the 40 year (1958-97 reanalysis data set from National Centres for Environmental Prediction. Using high and low NAO index composites, anomaly fields of climate variables are then interpreted based on physical mechanisms associated with the anomalous mean flow (characterised by the surface wind field and theanomalous eddy activity (characterised by the surface vorticity and the 500hPa storm track fields. It is shown that NAO-related temperature patterns are mainly controlled by the advection of heat by the anomalous mean flow. However, asymmetries between minimum and maximum temperatures, and more significantly, between positive and negative phases of NAO imply the importance of a different mechanism, namely the modulation of short wave and long wave radiation by cloud cover variations associated with the NAO. Furthermore, NAO influence over two different precipitation-related variables, namely, precipitation rate and precipitable water display different patterns. Precipitable water is shown to be strongly related to the corresponding anomaly fields of temperature while precipitation rate appears to be controlled by the surface vorticity field and associated strength of the tropospheric synoptic activity. Finally, we have assessed the impact of the NAO on winter river flow regimes for several different Portuguese rivers, including the three main international Iberian rivers, the Douro (north, the Tagus (centre and

The influence of sea surface temperature anomalies on low-frequency variability of the North Atlantic Oscillation

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Manganello, Julia V. [Center for Ocean-Land-Atmosphere Studies, Calverton, MD (United States)

2008-05-15

The influence of sea surface temperature anomalies (SSTA) on multi-year persistence of the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) during the second half of the twentieth century is investigated using the Center for Ocean-Land-Atmosphere Studies (COLA) Atmospheric GCM (AGCM) with an emphasis on isolating the geographic location of the SSTA that produce this influence. The present study focuses on calculating the atmospheric response to the SSTA averaged over 1988-1995 (1961-1968) corresponding to the observed period of strong persistence of the positive (negative) phase of the decadal NAO. The model response to the global 1988-1995 average SSTA shows a statistically significant large-scale pattern characteristic of the positive phase of the NAO. Forcing with the global 1961-1968 average SSTA generates a NAO of the opposite polarity compared to observations. However, all large-scale features both in the model and observations during this period are weaker in magnitude and less significant compared to 1988-1995. Additional idealized experiments show that over the northern center of the NAO the non-linear component of the forced response appears to be quite important and acts to enhance the positive NAO signal. On the other hand, over the southern center where the model response is the strongest, it is also essentially linear. The 1988-1995 average SSTA restricted to the western tropical Pacific region produce a positive NAO remarkably similar in structure but stronger in magnitude than the model response to the global and tropical Indo-Pacific 1988-1995 forcing. A 200-hPa geopotential height response in these experiments shows a positive anomaly over the southern center of the NAO embedded in the Rossby wave trains propagating from the western tropical Pacific. Indian Ocean SSTA lead to much weaker positive NAO primarily through the effect on its northern center. SST forcing confined to the North Atlantic north of equator does not produce a response statistically different

Regional Famine Patterns of The Last Millennium as Influenced by Aggregated Climate Teleconnections

Science.gov (United States)

Santoro, Michael Melton

Famine is the result of a complex set of environmental and social factors. Climate conditions are established as environmental factors contributing to famine occurrence, often through teleconnective patterns. This dissertation is designed to investigate the combined influence on world famine patterns of teleconnections, specifically the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO), Southern Oscillation (SO), Pacific Decadal Oscillation (PDO), Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation (AMO), or regional climate variations such as the South Asian Summer Monsoon (SASM). The investigation is three regional case studies of famine patterns specifically, Egypt, the British Isles, and India. The first study (published in Holocene) employs the results of a Principal Component Analysis (PCA) yielding a SO-NAO eigenvector to predict major Egyptian famines between AD 1049-1921. The SO-NAO eigenvector (1) successfully discriminates between the 5-10 years preceding a famine and the other years, (2) predicts eight of ten major famines, and (3) correctly identifies fifty out of eighty events (63%) of food availability decline leading up to major famines. The second study investigates the impact of the NAO, PDO, SO, and AMO on 63 British Isle famines between AD 1049 and 1914 attributed to climate causes in historical texts. Stepwise Regression Analysis demonstrates that the 5-year lagged NAO is the primary teleconnective influence on famine patterns; it successfully discriminates 73.8% of weather-related famines in the British Isles from 1049 to 1914. The final study identifies the aggregated influence of the NAO, SO, PDO, and SASM on 70 Indian famines from AD 1049 to 1955. PCA results in a NAO-SOI vector and SASM vector that predicts famine conditions with a positive NAO and negative SO, distinct from the secondary SASM influence. The NAO-famine relationship is consistently the strongest; 181 of 220 (82%) of all famines occurred during positive NAO years. Ultimately, the causes of famine are complex

Avaliação não invasiva de pacientes submetidos à intervenção percutânea no infarto do miocárdio

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Rica Dodo Delmar Buchler

2010-10-01

Full Text Available FUNDAMENTO: A reestenose pós-intervenção coronariana percutânea primária permanece um problema de relevância clínica, mesmo com o implante de stents. A capacidade das provas não invasivas para detecção de reestenose não foi totalmente demonstrada. OBJETIVO: Avaliar a habilidade do teste ergométrico (TE e da cintilografia de perfusão miocárdica (CPM no diagnóstico de reestenose em pacientes com infarto agudo do miocárdio, e supradenivelamento do segmento ST, submetidos à angioplastia coronariana percutânea primária (ACPP, com implante de stent nas primeiras 12 horas de evolução. MÉTODOS: De Ago/2003-Jan/2006, foram selecionados 64 pacientes (ps (56,2 ± 10,2 anos, 53 homens submetidos à ACPP. Apenas ps com fração de ejeção do ventrículo esquerdo > 40,0%, definida por ecocardiograma de repouso, foram incluídos. Teste ergométrico, com as 12 derivações do ECG associadas a precordiais direitas, e CPM foram realizados 6 semanas, 6 meses e um ano após o tratamento. Foi realizada cinecoronariografia no 6º mês. RESULTADOS: Doença uniarterial ocorreu em 46,9% dos ps, sendo a artéria descendente anterior tratada em 48,4%. Reestenose angiográfica ocorreu em 28,8%. Sensibilidade, especificidade, valor preditivo positivo (VPP, valor preditivo negativo (VPN e acurácia do TE para detecção de reestenose não foram significativos. A adição de derivações precordiais direitas não proporcionou informações adicionais. Sensibilidade, especificidade, VPP, VPN e acurácia da CPM apresentaram correlação com reestenose apenas no 6º mês, considerando-se summed difference score > 2 (p = 0,006 e > 4 (p = 0,014. CONCLUSÃO: O TE não discriminou reestenose. A CPM realizada no 6º mês foi relacionada à reestenose e mostrou-se útil durante a evolução.

Experimental model for low level laser therapy on ischemic random skin flap in rats Modelo experimental para laserterapia de baixa intensidade em retalho cutâneo randômico isquêmico em ratos

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Rodrigo Paschoal Prado

2006-08-01

Full Text Available PURPOSE: To develop an experimental model to be used in the study of low level Laser therapy on viability of random skin flap in rats. METHODS: The sample was 24 Wistar-EPM rats. The random skin flap measured 10 x 4 cm and a plastic sheet was interposed between the flap and donor site. Group 1 (control underwent sham irradiation with diode laser (830 nm. Group 2 was submitted to laser irradiation with diode laser (830 nm. The animals were submitted to Laser therapy with 36 J/cm² energy density (72 seconds immediately after the surgery and on the four subsequent days. The probe was usually held in contact with the skin flap surface on a point at 2.5 cm cranial from the flap base. On the seventh postoperative day, the percentage of necrotic area was measured and calculated. RESULTS: Group 1 reached an average necrotic area of 48.86%, Group 2 - 23.14%. After the statistic analysis, compared with the control group, Group 2 showed a statistically significant increase in survival area (pOBJETIVO: Propor o desenvolvimento de um modelo experimental para verificar o efeito da laserterapia de baixa intensidade na viabilidade do retalho cutâneo randômico em ratos. MÉTODOS: A amostra constituiu-se de 24 ratos, da linhagem Wistar-EPM. O retalho cutâneo randômico foi realizado com dimensões de 10x4 cm e uma barreira plástica foi interposta entre o mesmo e o leito doador. O Grupo 1 (controle, foi submetido a uma simulação de tratamento com a irradiação laser de diodo (830 nm. O Grupo 2 foi submetido à irradiação laser de diodo (830 nm. Os animais foram submetidos a terapia a laser com densidade de energia de 36 J/cm2 (72 segundos imediatamente após a operação e nos outros quatros dias subseqüentes. A caneta do laser foi posicionada a 90 graus em contato com o retalho cutâneo em um ponto a 2,5 cm da base cranial do retalho. No sétimo dia pós-operatório foram calculadas as porcentagens da área de necrose. RESULTADOS: O Grupo 1 apresentou

Terrestrial ecological responses of climate change in the Northern hemisphere

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Forchhammer, M.C.

2001-01-01

Focusing on the single most important atmospheric phenomenon in the Northern hemisphere, the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO), the author reviews the recent studies coupling the NAO with the ecology of a wide range of terrestrial organisms. In particular, the author focuses on low variations in the NAO affect phenotypic variation in life history Traits and, ultimately, dynamics of populations and of interacting species. (LN)

North Atlantic atmospheric and ocean inter-annual variability over the past fifty years - Dominant patterns and decadal shifts

Science.gov (United States)

Hauser, Tristan; Demirov, Entcho; Zhu, Jieshun; Yashayaev, Igor

2015-03-01

The atmosphere and ocean of the North Atlantic have undergone significant changes in the past century. To understand these changes, their mechanisms, and their regional implications requires a quantitative understanding of processes in the coupled ocean and atmosphere system. Central to this understanding is the role played by the dominant patterns of ocean and atmospheric variability which define coherent variations in physical characteristics over large areas. Cluster analysis is used in this article to identify the patterns of the North Atlantic atmospheric variability in the subseasonal and interannual spectral intervals. Four dominant subseasonal weather regimes are defined using Bayesian Gaussian mixture models. All correlation patterns of the Sea Level Pressure (SLP) anomalies with the membership probability time series for the weather regimes show similarities with the dipole structure typical for the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO). The SLP patterns of two of the regimes represent the opposite phases NAO+ and NAO-. The two other weather regimes, the Atlantic Ridge (AR) and Scandinavian-Greenland dipole (SG), have dipole spatial structures with the northern and southern centers of action shifted with respect to the NAO pattern. These two patterns define blocking structures over Scandinavia and near the southern tip of Greenland, respectively. The storm tracks typical for the four regimes resemble the well known paths for positive/negative phases of NAO for the NAO+/NAO- weather regimes, and paths influenced by blocking off the south Greenland tip for AR and over Scandinavia for SG. The correlation patterns of momentum and heat fluxes to the ocean for the four regimes have tripole structures with positive (warm) downward heat flux anomalies over the Subpolar North Atlantic (SPNA) for the NAO- and the AR and negative heat flux anomalies over the SPNA for the NAO+. The downward heat flux anomalies associated with the SG are negative over the Labrador Sea and

Efeitos da compressão torácica manual versus a manobra de PEEP-ZEEP na complacência do sistema respiratório e na oxigenação de pacientes submetidos à ventilação mecânica invasiva Effects of manual rib-cage compression versus PEEP-ZEEP maneuver on respiratory system compliance and oxygenation in patients receiving mechanical ventilation

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Flavio Renato Antunes dos Santos

2009-06-01

Full Text Available OBJETIVOS: Os pacientes com incapacidade de desempenhar suas funções ventilatórias podem ser submetidos à ventilação mecânica invasiva. A fisioterapia respiratória atua no tratamento destes pacientes com a finalidade de melhorar sua função pulmonar. O objetivo do estudo foi avaliar os efeitos da compressão torácica manual versus a manobra de pressão expiratória final positiva-pressão expiratória final zero (PEEP-ZEEP na complacência do sistema respiratório e na oxigenação de pacientes em ventilação mecânica invasiva. MÉTODOS: Foi realizado um estudo bicêntrico, prospectivo, randomizado e crossover, incluindo pacientes em ventilação mecânica invasiva em modo controlado por um período superior a 48 horas. Os protocolos de fisioterapia respiratória foram realizados de forma aleatória, com intervalo de 24 horas entre eles. Dados da complacência do sistema respiratório e da oxigenação foram coletados antes da aplicação dos protocolos e 30 minutos após a aplicação dos mesmos. RESULTADOS: Doze pacientes completaram o estudo. Na análise intragrupo, em ambas as técnicas houve aumento estatisticamente significativo do volume corrente (p=0,002, da complacência estática (p=0,002 e complacência dinâmica (p=0,002. Com relação à oxigenação, no grupo compressão torácica manual, a saturação periférica de oxigênio aumentou com diferença significativa (p=0,011. CONCLUSÕES: A compressão torácica manual e a manobra de PEEP-ZEEP têm efeitos clínicos positivos e não diferem entre si. Em relação à oxigenação encontramos um comportamento favorável da saturação periférica de oxigênio no grupo compressão torácica manual.OBJECTIVES: Patients unable to perform breathing functions may be submitted to invasive mechanical ventilation. Chest physiotherapy acts directly on the treatment of these patients for the purpose of improving their lung function. The objective of this study was to evaluate the

Forest productivity in southwestern Europe is controlled by coupled North Atlantic and Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillations.

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Madrigal-González, Jaime; Ballesteros-Cánovas, Juan A; Herrero, Asier; Ruiz-Benito, Paloma; Stoffel, Markus; Lucas-Borja, Manuel E; Andivia, Enrique; Sancho-García, Cesar; Zavala, Miguel A

2017-12-20

The North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) depicts annual and decadal oscillatory modes of variability responsible for dry spells over the European continent. The NAO therefore holds a great potential to evaluate the role, as carbon sinks, of water-limited forests under climate change. However, uncertainties related to inconsistent responses of long-term forest productivity to NAO have so far hampered firm conclusions on its impacts. We hypothesize that, in part, such inconsistencies might have their origin in periodical sea surface temperature anomalies in the Atlantic Ocean (i.e., Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation, AMO). Here we show strong empirical evidence in support of this hypothesis using 120 years of periodical inventory data from Iberian pine forests. Our results point to AMO + NAO + and AMO - NAO - phases as being critical for forest productivity, likely due to decreased winter water balance and abnormally low winter temperatures, respectively. Our findings could be essential for the evaluation of ecosystem functioning vulnerabilities associated with increased climatic anomalies under unprecedented warming conditions in the Mediterranean.

Inter-Relationship Between Subtropical Pacific Sea Surface Temperature, Arctic Sea Ice Concentration, and the North Atlantic Oscillation in Recent Summers and Winters

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Lim, Young-Kwon; Cullather, Richard I.; Nowicki, Sophie M.; Kim, Kyu-Myong

2017-01-01

The inter-relationship between subtropical western-central Pacific sea surface temperatures (STWCPSST), sea ice concentration in the Beaufort Sea (SICBS), and the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) are investigated for the last 37 summers and winters (1980-2016). Lag-correlation of the STWCPSST×(-1) in spring with the NAO phase and SICBS in summer increases over the last two decades, reaching r = 0.4-0.5 with significance at 5 percent, while winter has strong correlations in approximately 1985-2005. Observational analysis and the atmospheric general circulation model experiments both suggest that STWCPSST warming acts to increase the Arctic geopotential height and temperature in the following season. This atmospheric response extends to Greenland, providing favorable conditions for developing the negative phase of the NAO. SIC and surface albedo tend to decrease over the Beaufort Sea in summer, linked to the positive surface net shortwave flux. Energy balance considering radiative and turbulent fluxes reveal that available energy that can heat surface is larger over the Arctic and Greenland and smaller over the south of Greenland, in response to the STWCPSST warming in spring. XXXX Arctic & Atlantic: Positive upper-level height/T anomaly over the Arctic and Greenland, and a negative anomaly over the central-eastern Atlantic, resembling the (-) phase of the NAO. Pacific: The negative height/T anomaly over the mid-latitudes, along with the positive anomaly over the STWCP, where 1degC warming above climatology is prescribed. Discussion: It is likely that the Arctic gets warm and the NAO is in the negative phase in response to the STWCP warming. But, there are other factors (e.g., internal variability) that contribute to determination of the NAO phase: not always the negative phase of the NAO in the event of STWCP warming (e.g.: recent winters and near neutral NAO in 2017 summer).

Evaluación hemodinámica no invasiva con cardiografía de impedancia: aplicaciones en falla cardíaca y en hipertensión arterial

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Jon Kepa Balparda, MD

2012-02-01

Full Text Available La cardiografía de impendancia (CGI representa un método no invasivo para la evaluación del estado hemodinámico latido a latido. Aunque se introdujo por primera vez hace más de 40 años, la CGI ha mostrado un resurgimiento en la última década, a partir de una serie de estudios clínicos que han demostrado su precisión en la estimación del volumen latido, tanto contra el “gold-standard“invasivo (termodilución, como contra los métodos de referencia no invasivos (ecocardiografía. Diversos estudios demuestran la utilidad de esta técnica en el manejo del paciente con falla cardíaca y en el enfoque diagnóstico y terapéutico de la hipertensión arterial, por lo cual constituyen actualmente dos de las aplicaciones clínicas más importantes de la CGI. En falla cardiaca, los cambios en el volumen de líquido del tórax y del gasto cardíaco evaluados por CGI, han demostrado ser predictores de descompensación aguda, incluso semanas antes del inicio de la sintomatología respiratoria; además, permiten identificar el origen cardiogénico o respiratorio de la disnea cuando el examen físico y los demás paraclínicos no son concluyentes. En los pacientes con hipertensión arterial no controlada o resistente, la CGI permite realizar una mejor caracterización del fenotipo hipertensivo y elegir la estrategia farmacológica más específica para intervenir la alteración hemodinámica predominante (resistencia vascular vs. gasto cardiaco elevado. En este artículo se realiza una revisión de los principios biofísicos de la CGI y su utilidad en la evaluación no invasiva del estado hemodinámico, así como una evaluación crítica de la literatura que da soporte a su aplicación clínica en el tratamiento de la falla cardíaca y la hipertensión arterial.

Cirurgia de revascularização do miocárdio minimamente invasiva: resultados com o uso da videotoracoscopia e do estabilizador de sutura

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Fabio B. JATENE

1997-07-01

Full Text Available Objetivo: No sentido de associar os maiores benefícios da operação de revascularização do miocárdio tradicional com a utilização da anastomose da artéria interventricular anterior, com vários dos benefícios da angioplastia, alguns grupos têm começado a realizar a cirurgia de revascularização do miocárdio minimamente invasiva. O objetivo deste trabalho é o relato de nossa experiência inicial com essa abordagem técnica, especialmente com a utilização de videotoracoscopia (VDT e do estabilizador de sutura (ES. Métodos: Foram operados 73 pacientes, sendo 51 do sexo masculino, com idades variando de 37 a 83 anos, com média de 61,2 anos, portadores de lesão isolada do ramo interventricular anterior acima de 80%. Foi utilizada intubação orotraqueal com sonda de duplo lume. O paciente foi colocado em decúbito lateral direito com 30 graus de rotação. A minitoracotomia anterior, com 8 a 10 cm de extensão, foi realizada no quarto espaço intercostal. Através dessa incisão foram colocados a ótica da videotoracoscopia e os instrumentos cirúrgicos. O pericárdio foi aberto longitudinalmente e reparado para facilitar a exposição do RIA. Não foi utilizada circulação extracorpórea e a freqüência cardíaca foi diminuída no momento da anastomose com o uso de betabloqueador endovenoso. Para a realização da anastomose ATI-RIA, foi utilizado torniquete proximal e distal, além de uso de CO2 para manter o campo operatório livre de sangue. Previamente ao fechamento dos torniquetes, foi feita a administração de 1,5 mg/kg de peso de heparina endovenosa. A anastomose da ATI com o RIA foi realizada com fio de Polipropilene 7-0. O ES, dispositivo metálico acoplado ao afastador foi utilizado na parede anterior do coração, nos últimos 15 casos, para reduzir a movimentação cardíaca, criando condições para uma anastomose mais segura. Resultados: Todos os pacientes apresentaram boa evolução pós-operatória, sem complica

Contrasting spatial structures of Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation between observations and slab ocean model simulations

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Sun, Cheng; Li, Jianping; Kucharski, Fred; Xue, Jiaqing; Li, Xiang

2018-04-01

The spatial structure of Atlantic multidecadal oscillation (AMO) is analyzed and compared between the observations and simulations from slab ocean models (SOMs) and fully coupled models. The observed sea surface temperature (SST) pattern of AMO is characterized by a basin-wide monopole structure, and there is a significantly high degree of spatial coherence of decadal SST variations across the entire North Atlantic basin. The observed SST anomalies share a common decadal-scale signal, corresponding to the basin-wide average (i. e., the AMO). In contrast, the simulated AMO in SOMs (AMOs) exhibits a tripole-like structure, with the mid-latitude North Atlantic SST showing an inverse relationship with other parts of the basin, and the SOMs fail to reproduce the observed strong spatial coherence of decadal SST variations associated with the AMO. The observed spatial coherence of AMO SST anomalies is identified as a key feature that can be used to distinguish the AMO mechanism. The tripole-like SST pattern of AMOs in SOMs can be largely explained by the atmosphere-forced thermodynamics mechanism due to the surface heat flux changes associated with the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO). The thermodynamic forcing of AMOs by the NAO gives rise to a simultaneous inverse NAO-AMOs relationship at both interannual and decadal timescales and a seasonal phase locking of the AMOs variability to the cold season. However, the NAO-forced thermodynamics mechanism cannot explain the observed NAO-AMO relationship and the seasonal phase locking of observed AMO variability to the warm season. At decadal timescales, a strong lagged relationship between NAO and AMO is observed, with the NAO leading by up to two decades, while the simultaneous correlation of NAO with AMO is weak. This lagged relationship and the spatial coherence of AMO can be well understood from the view point of ocean dynamics. A time-integrated NAO index, which reflects the variations in Atlantic meridional overturning

Forest productivity in southwestern Europe is controlled by coupled North Atlantic and Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillations

OpenAIRE

Madrigal Gonzalez, Jaime; Ballesteros Canovas, Juan Antonio; Herrero, Asier; Ruiz-Benito, Paloma; Stoffel, Markus; Lucas-Borja, Manuel E.; Andivia, Enrique; Sancho-García, Cesar; Zavala, Miguel A.

2017-01-01

The North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) depicts annual and decadal oscillatory modes of variability responsible for dry spells over the European continent. The NAO therefore holds a great potential to evaluate the role, as carbon sinks, of water-limited forests under climate change. However, uncertainties related to inconsistent responses of long-term forest productivity to NAO have so far hampered firm conclusions on its impacts. We hypothesize that, in part, such inconsistencies might have the...

Local and regional effects of large scale atmospheric circulation patterns on winter wind power output in Western Europe

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Zubiate, Laura; McDermott, Frank; Sweeney, Conor; O'Malley, Mark

2014-05-01

Recent studies (Brayshaw, 2009, Garcia-Bustamante, 2010, Garcia-Bustamante, 2013) have drawn attention to the sensitivity of wind speed distributions and likely wind energy power output in Western Europe to changes in low-frequency, large scale atmospheric circulation patterns such as the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO). Wind speed variations and directional shifts as a function of the NAO state can be larger or smaller depending on the North Atlantic region that is considered. Wind speeds in Ireland and the UK for example are approximately 20 % higher during NAO + phases, and up to 30 % lower during NAO - phases relative to the long-term (30 year) climatological means. By contrast, in southern Europe, wind speeds are 15 % lower than average during NAO + phases and 15 % higher than average during NAO - phases. Crucially however, some regions such as Brittany in N.W. France have been identified in which there is negligible variability in wind speeds as a function of the NAO phase, as observed in the ERA-Interim 0.5 degree gridded reanalysis database. However, the magnitude of these effects on wind conditions is temporally and spatially non-stationary. As described by Comas-Bru and McDermott (2013) for temperature and precipitation, such non-stationarity is caused by the influence of two other patterns, the East Atlantic pattern, (EA), and the Scandinavian pattern, (SCA), which modulate the position of the NAO dipole. This phenomenon has also implications for wind speeds and directions, which has been assessed using the ERA-Interim reanalysis dataset and the indices obtained from the PC analysis of sea level pressure over the Atlantic region. In order to study the implications for power production, the interaction of the NAO and the other teleconnection patterns with local topography was also analysed, as well as how these interactions ultimately translate into wind power output. The objective is to have a better defined relationship between wind speed and power

Incidencia de enfermedad neumocócica invasiva en Cantabria (1995-2001 e implicaciones para el calendario vacunal Incidence of invasive pneumococcal disease in Cantabria, Spain, (1995-2001 and implications for the childhood inmunization schedule

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A. González

2003-12-01

Full Text Available Objetivo: Describir la incidencia de enfermedad neumocócica invasiva en Cantabria en los años 1995-2001. Método: Consulta de los registros del conjunto mínimo básico de datos (CMBD de los hospitales públicos de Cantabria, así como altas de los hospitales privados, registro de enfermedades de declaración obligatoria (EDO, y diagnósticos microbiológicos e historias clínicas de los niños ingresados en el Servicio de Pediatría del Hospital Cantabria (el hospital de referencia de tercer nivel. Resultados: Se obtuvo una incidencia de meningitis de 5,55, 5,03 y 0,76/100.000 en los niños Objective: To describe the incidence of invasive pneumococcal disease in Cantabria (Spain between 1995 and 2001. Method: We reviewed the records of the Minimum Data Set (MDS of public hospitals in Cantabria, discharges from private hospitals and the registry of diseases of mandatory reporting, as well as the microbiologic diagnoses and medical records of children discharged from the Pediatric Service of the Cantabria Hospital (the tertiary care hospital in our autonomous community. Results: We obtained a meningitis incidence of 5.55, 5.03 and 0.76/100,000 in children < 2 years, ≥ 2 and < 5 years, and ≥ 5 years respectively, and an incidence of invasive disease of 11.11, 11.32 and 1.49/100,000 in the same age groups. Conclusions: The incidence of meningitis and invasive pneumococcal disease in Cantabria is low. We discuss factors that should be taken into account when introducing the pneumococcal conjugate vaccine in the childhood immunization schedule of Cantabria.

Estudo comparativo do trofismo do multífido na artrodese lombar aberta versus minimamente invasiva Estudio comparativo de trofismo del multífido en la artrodesis lumbar abierta versus la mínimamente invasiva Comparative study of tropism of the multifidus muscle in open lumbar arthrodesis versus minimally invasive arthrodesis

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Cristiano Magalhaes Menezes

2012-01-01

Full Text Available OBJETIVO: Determinar se a abordagem MIS para artrodese lombar em um nível reduz as alterações estruturais do multífido, tais como a diminuição de sua área de secção transversa e a degeneração gordurosa patológica, quando comparada a uma abordagem convencional aberta. MÉTODOS: Entre Janeiro de 2007 e Janeiro de 2010, foram avaliados 27 pacientes submetidos a procedimento cirúrgico de artrodese aberta e MIS. Realizou-se RNM no pós-operatório, no intervalo entre 12 e 36 meses após a cirurgia, com vizualizacao do músculo multífido para seu estudo. RESULTADOS: Todos os pacientes foram operados num nível de artrodese através da técnica aberta e MIS. CONCLUSÃO: Não foram encontradas diferenças significativas referentes às variáveis sexo e idade com a área e trofismo do multífido em ambos os lados.OBJETIVO: Determinar si un enfoque de MIS, para la artrodesis lumbar en un nivel, reduce los cambios estructurales en el multífido, como la reducción de su área de sección transversal y la patología de la degeneración grasa, en comparación con un enfoque abierto convencional. MÉTODOS: Entre enero de 2007 y enero de 2010, se evaluaron 27 pacientes sometidos a procedimiento quirúrgico de artrodesis abierta y MIS. Se realizó RNM en el posoperatorio, entre 12 y 36 meses después de la cirugía, con la visualización del músculo multífido para su estudio. RESULTADOS: Todos los pacientes fueron operados en un nivel de artrodesis con la técnica abierta y MIS. CONCLUSIÓN: No se encontraron diferencias significativas respecto a las variables de sexo y edad, con el área y el trofismo del multífido en ambos lados.OBJECTIVE: Determine if the minimally invasive surgery (MIS approach for lumbar fusion in a determined level can reduce structural changes in the multifidus muscle, such as decrease their cross-sectional area and pathologic fatty degeneration, compared to a conventional open approach. METHODS: Between January 2007 and

Shallow and deep landslides induced by rainfall in the Lisbon region (Portugal: assessment of relationships with the North Atlantic Oscillation

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J. L. Zêzere

2005-01-01

Full Text Available The aim of this study is to assess the impact of the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO on both the winter precipitation and the temporal occurrence of different landslide types in Portugal. The analysis is applied to five sample areas located just north of Lisbon, the capital of Portugal. These sites are particularly relevant because actual dates of most of the recent landslide events are known but also because the landslides occurred in a suburban area with growing urbanization pressure. Results show that the large inter-annual variability of winter precipitation observed in western Iberia, i.e. Portugal and parts of Spain, is largely modulated by the NAO mode. In particular, precipitation falling in Portugal between November and March presents a correlation coefficient of R=–0.66 with the NAO index. Precipitation distribution for the reference rain gauge in the study area reveals that the probability of a wet month to occur is much higher for low NAO index composites than for the corresponding high NAO index composite. It is shown that this control, exerted by NAO on the precipitation regime, is related to corresponding changes in the associated activity of North-Atlantic storm tracks that affect the western Iberia. Landslide activity in the study area is related to both intense, short duration precipitation events (1–15 days and long-lasting rainfall episodes (1–3 months. The former events trigger shallow translational slides while the later episodes are usually associated with deeper and larger slope movements. This second group of landslides is shown to be statistically associated with the 3-month average of the NAO index.

Serum apolipoproteins in relation to intakes of fish in population of Arkhangelsk County

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Petrenya Natalia

2012-06-01

Full Text Available Abstract Background Diets rich in omega-3 fatty acids and low in saturated fat were found beneficially associated with blood lipids and cardio-vascular health. Lean reindeer meet and local cold water white-fish species high in omega-3 are among the main sources of nutrients in the rural area of the Nenets Autonomous Okrug (NAO in Russia and are not normally consumed by the urban population from the same region. The aims of the study were firstly, to compare serum lipid profiles of residents of urban (Arkhangelsk city and rural (NAO regions of Arkhangelsk County, and secondly, to investigate the effects of fish consumption on the predictor of cardiovascular events apolipoprotein (Apo B/ApoA-I ratio in these populations. Methods A cross-sectional study conducted in Arkhangelsk County, Russia. Sample size of 249 adults: 132 subjects from Arkhangelsk city, aged 21–70 and 117 subject (87% Ethnic Nenets from NAO, aged 18–69. Results We observed more favorable lipid levels in NAO compared to Arkhangelsk participants. Age-adjusted geometric means of ApoB/ApoA-I ratio were 1.02 and 0.98 in men and women from Arkhangelsk; 0.84 and 0.91 in men and women from NAO respectively. Age and consumption of animal fat were positively associated with ApoB/ApoA-I ratio in women (pooled samples from Arkhangelsk and NAO. Body mass index and low levels of physical activity were positively associated with ApoB/ApoA-I ratio in men (pooled samples from Arkhangelsk and NAO. Reported oily fish consumption was not significantly correlated with ApoB/ApoA-I ratio. Conclusion The population sample from rural NAO, consisting largely of the indigenous Arctic population Nenets with healthier dietary sources, had a relatively less atherogenic lipid profile compared to the urban Arkhangelsk group. Fish consumption had no effect on apolipoproteins profile.

Crystal Structures of Nitroalkane Oxidase: Insights into the Reaction Mechanism of a Covalent Complex of the Flavoenzyme Trapped During Turnover

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Nagpal,A.; Valley, M.; Fitzpatrick, P.; Orville, A.

2006-01-01

Nitroalkane oxidase (NAO) from Fusarium oxysporum catalyzes the oxidation of neutral nitroalkanes to the corresponding aldehydes or ketones with the production of H2O2 and nitrite. The flavoenzyme is a new member of the acyl-CoA dehydrogenase (ACAD) family, but it does not react with acyl-CoA substrates. We present the 2.2 Angstroms resolution crystal structure of NAO trapped during the turnover of nitroethane as a covalent N5-FAD adduct (ES*). The homotetrameric structure of ES* was solved by MAD phasing with 52 Se-Met sites in an orthorhombic space group. The electron density for the N5-(2-nitrobutyl)-1,5-dihydro-FAD covalent intermediate is clearly resolved. The structure of ES* was used to solve the crystal structure of oxidized NAO at 2.07 Angstroms resolution. The c axis for the trigonal space group of oxidized NAO is 485 Angstroms, and there are six subunits (11/2 holoenzymes) in the asymmetric unit. Four of the active sites contain spermine (EI), a weak competitive inhibitor, and two do not contain spermine (E{sup ox}). The active-site structures of E{sup ox}, EI, and ES* reveal a hydrophobic channel that extends from the exterior of the protein and terminates at Asp402 and the N5 position on the re face of the FAD. Thus, Asp402 is in the correct position to serve as the active-site base, where it is proposed to abstract the {alpha} proton from neutral nitroalkane substrates. The structures for NAO and various members of the ACAD family overlay with root-mean-square deviations between 1.7 and 3.1 Angstroms. The homologous region typically spans more than 325 residues and includes Glu376, which is the active-site base in the prototypical member of the ACAD family. However, NAO and the ACADs exhibit differences in hydrogen-bonding patterns between the respective active-site base, substrate molecules, and FAD. These likely differentiate NAO from the homologues and, consequently, are proposed to result in the unique reaction mechanism of NAO.

The Influence of the North Atlantic Oscillation on Tropospheric Distributions of Ozone and Carbon Monoxide.

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Knowland, K. E.; Doherty, R. M.; Hodges, K.

2015-12-01

The influence of the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) on the tropospheric distributions of ozone (O3) and carbon monoxide (CO) has been quantified. The Monitoring Atmospheric Composition and Climate (MACC) Reanalysis, a combined meteorology and composition dataset for the period 2003-2012 (Innes et al., 2013), is used to investigate the composition of the troposphere and lower stratosphere in relation to the location of the storm track as well as other meteorological parameters over the North Atlantic associated with the different NAO phases. Cyclone tracks in the MACC Reanalysis compare well to the cyclone tracks in the widely-used ERA-Interim Reanalysis for the same 10-year period (cyclone tracking performed using the tracking algorithm of Hodges (1995, 1999)), as both are based on the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts' (ECMWF) Integrated Forecast System (IFS). A seasonal analysis is performed whereby the MACC reanalysis meteorological fields, O3 and CO mixing ratios are weighted by the monthly NAO index values. The location of the main storm track, which tilts towards high latitudes (toward the Arctic) during positive NAO phases to a more zonal location in the mid-latitudes (toward Europe) during negative NAO phases, impacts the location of both horizontal and vertical transport across the North Atlantic and into the Arctic. During positive NAO seasons, the persistence of cyclones over the North Atlantic coupled with a stronger Azores High promotes strong horizontal transport across the North Atlantic throughout the troposphere. In all seasons, significantly more intense cyclones occur at higher latitudes (north of ~50°C) during the positive phase of the NAO and in the southern mid-latitudes during the negative NAO phase. This impacts the location of stratospheric intrusions within the descending dry airstream behind the associated cold front of the extratropical cyclone and the venting of low-level pollution up into the free troposphere within

The changing relationship between the December North Atlantic Oscillation and the following February East Asian trough before and after the late 1980s

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Feng, Guolin; Zou, Meng; Qiao, Shaobo; Zhi, Rong; Gong, Zhiqiang

2018-03-01

This study investigates the changing relationship between the December North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) and the following February East Asian trough (EAT) throughout the past 60 years. We found that the relationship between the December NAO and the following February EAT is significantly enhanced after the late 1980s compared with the period before the late 1980s. The changing relationship mainly results from the enhanced relationship between the December NAO and the following February North Atlantic mid-latitudes' sea surface temperature (SST) anomalies (NAMA) during the same period. During the period after the late 1980s, the persistent positive (negative) NAO pattern from December to the following January contributes to a positive (negative) NAMA, which reaches its maximum magnitude in the following February and excites an anomalous wave train along the North Atlantic and northern Eurasia, and significantly impacts the EAT. During the period before the late 1980s, the positive (negative) NAO pattern during December cannot persist into the following January, and the related positive (negative) NAMA is insignificant during the following February, causing the response of the simultaneous EAT to be insignificant as well. Moreover, there exists a significant impact of the December NAO on the December-January NAMA after the late 1980s, while the December-January NAMA is relatively less affected by the December NAO before the late 1980s. As a result, the simultaneous response of the atmospheric circulation anomalies to the December-January NAMA are evident before the late 1980s, and the positive (negative) NAMA can excite an anomalous wave train along the North Atlantic and northern Eurasia and significantly deepen (shallow) the downstream EAT. By contrast, after involving a feature of atmosphere forcing of SST, the simultaneous feedback of the December-January NAMA on EAT is significantly decreased after the 1980s.

Challenging a 15-year-old claim: The North Atlantic Oscillation index as a predictor of spring migration phenology of birds.

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Haest, Birgen; Hüppop, Ommo; Bairlein, Franz

2018-04-01

Many migrant bird species that breed in the Northern Hemisphere show advancement in spring arrival dates. The North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) index is one of the climatic variables that have been most often investigated and shown to be correlated with these changes in spring arrival. Although the NAO is often claimed to be a good predictor or even to have a marked effect on interannual changes in spring migration phenology of Northern Hemisphere breeding birds, the results on relations between spring migration phenology and NAO show a large variety, ranging from no, over weak, to a strong association. Several factors, such as geographic location, migration phase, and the NAO index time window, have been suggested to partly explain these observed differences in association. A combination of a literature meta-analysis, and a meta-analysis and sliding time window analysis of a dataset of 23 short- and long-distance migrants from the constant-effort trapping garden at Helgoland, Germany, however, paints a completely different picture. We found a statistically significant overall effect size of the NAO on spring migration phenology (coefficient = -0.14, SE = 0.054), but this on average only explains 0%-6% of the variance in spring migration phenology across all species. As such, the value and biological meaning of the NAO as a general predictor or explanatory variable for climate change effects on migration phenology of birds, seems highly questionable. We found little to no definite support for previously suggested factors, such as geographic location, migration phenology phase, or the NAO time window, to explain the heterogeneity in correlation differences. We, however, did find compelling evidence that the lack of accounting for trends in both time series has led to strongly inflated (spurious) correlations in many studies (coefficient = -0.13, SE = 0.019). © 2017 John Wiley & Sons Ltd.

Lesões múltiplas de osteoma cutis na face: terapêutica minimamente invasiva em pacientes com sequela de acne - relato de casos Multiple injuries of osteoma skin in the face: therapeutical least invasive in patients with acne sequela - case report

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Ian Göedert Leite Duarte

2010-10-01

Full Text Available Osteoma cutis é a formação óssea no interior da pele, podendo ser primária ou secundária. Única ou múltipla, de tamanhos variados e acometendo ambos os sexos, é uma lesão cutânea rara, de etiopatogenia e classificação ainda discutidas. Nosso objetivo foi relatar o diagnóstico e a terapêutica minimamente invasiva de lesões múltiplas de osteoma cutis na face em pacientes com sequelas de acne. Fizemos a retirada dos osteomas com agulhas BD 0,70 x 25 22G1, sem anestésicos tópicos ou injetáveis no local. As pequenas incisões foram deixadas expostas, com pomada cicatrizante. Obteve-se um excelente resultado estético em 15 dias.Osteoma cutis is a bone formation in the dermis can to be primary or secondary forms. Only, multiples, many forms, occurring on either sex, they are a rare cutaneous disease. The pathogenesis and classification remains unclear. Our objective was the diagnostic and small invasive surgery treatment of the osteoma cutis multiple of the face, in patients as a sequel of acne. To remove the osteoma we used needle BD 0,70x25 22G1, without anesthetic topic or inject able site. The small wounds were exposed with scarring balsam. We got an excellent esthetic result after 15 days.

Identification of a Hypothetical Protein from Podospora anserina as a Nitroalkane Oxidase

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Tormos, Jose R.; Taylor, Alexander B.; Daubner, S. Colette; Hart, P. John; Fitzpatrick, Paul F. (Texas-HSC); (St. Mary)

2010-08-23

The flavoprotein nitroalkane oxidase (NAO) from Fusarium oxysporum catalyzes the oxidation of primary and secondary nitroalkanes to their respective aldehydes and ketones. Structurally, the enzyme is a member of the acyl-CoA dehydrogenase superfamily. To date no enzymes other than that from F. oxysporum have been annotated as NAOs. To identify additional potential NAOs, the available database was searched for enzymes in which the active site residues Asp402, Arg409, and Ser276 were conserved. Of the several fungal enzymes identified in this fashion, PODANSg2158 from Podospora anserina was selected for expression and characterization. The recombinant enzyme is a flavoprotein with activity on nitroalkanes comparable to the F. oxysporum NAO, although the substrate specificity is somewhat different. Asp399, Arg406, and Ser273 in PODANSg2158 correspond to the active site triad in F. oxysporum NAO. The k{sub cat}/K{sub M}-pH profile with nitroethane shows a pK{sub a} of 5.9 that is assigned to Asp399 as the active site base. Mutation of Asp399 to asparagine decreases the k{sub cat}/K{sub M} value for nitroethane over 2 orders of magnitude. The R406K and S373A mutations decrease this kinetic parameter by 64- and 3-fold, respectively. The structure of PODANSg2158 has been determined at a resolution of 2.0 {angstrom}, confirming its identification as an NAO.

Custo-efetividade de fondaparinux em pacientes com Síndrome Coronariana Aguda sem supradesnivelamento do ST

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Camila Pepe

2012-07-01

Full Text Available FUNDAMENTO: O uso combinado de agentes antitrombínicos, antiplaquetários e estratégias invasivas na síndrome coronariana aguda sem supradesnivelamento do ST (SCAsSST reduz eventos cardiovasculares. O fondaparinux demonstrou equivalência à enoxaparina na redução de eventos cardiovasculares, porém com menor índice de sangramento nos pacientes que usaram fondaparinux. OBJETIVO: Avaliar o custo-efetividade de fondaparinux versus enoxaparina em pacientes com SCAsSST no Brasil a partir da perspectiva econômica do Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS. MÉTODOS: Um modelo de decisão analítico foi construído para calcular os custos e consequências resultantes dos tratamentos comparados. Os parâmetros do modelo foram obtidos do estudo OASIS-5 (N = 20.078 pacientes com SCAsSST randomizados para fondaparinux ou enoxaparina. O desfecho avaliado foi um composto de eventos cardiovasculares (isto é, morte, infarto agudo do miocárdio, isquemia refratária e sangramentos graves nos dias 9, 30 e 180 pós-SCAsSST. Foram avaliados todos os custos diretos de tratamento e eventos relacionados à SCAsSST. O ano da análise foi 2010 e os custos foram descritos em reais (R$. RESULTADOS: No dia 9, o custo de tratamento por paciente foi R$ 2.768 para fondaparinux e R$ 2.852 para enoxaparina. Aproximadamente 80% do custo total foram associados a tratamentos invasivos. Os custos com medicamentos representaram 10% do custo total. As taxas combinadas de eventos cardiovasculares e de sangramentos maiores foram 7,3% e 9,0% para fondaparinux e enoxaparina, respectivamente. Análises de sensibilidade confirmaram os resultados iniciais do modelo. CONCLUSÃO: O fondaparinux para tratamento de pacientes com SCAsSST é superior à enoxaparina em termos de prevenção de novos eventos cardiovasculares com menor custo. (Arq Bras Cardiol. 2012; [online].ahead print, PP.0-0

Protective effects of traditional Chinese medicine formula NaoShuanTong capsule on haemorheology and cerebral energy metabolism disorders in rats with blood stasis.

Science.gov (United States)

Liu, Hong; Peng, Yao-Yao; Liang, Feng-Yin; Chen, Si; Li, Pei-Bo; Peng, Wei; Liu, Zhong-Zheng; Xie, Cheng-Shi; Long, Chao-Feng; Su, Wei-Wei

2014-01-02

NaoShuanTong capsule (NSTC), an oral traditional Chinese medicine formula, is composed of Pollen Typhae , Radix Paeoniae Rubra , Rhizoma Gastrodiae , Radix Rhapontici and Radix Curcumae . It has been widely used to treat ischemic stroke in clinic for many years in China. In addition to neuronal apoptosis, haemorheology and cerebral energy metabolism disorders also play an important role in the pathogenesis and development of ischemic stroke. The present study was designed to evaluate the in vivo protective effects of NSTC on haemorheology and cerebral energy metabolism disorders in rats with blood stasis. Sixty specific pathogen-free sprague-dawley rats, male only, were randomly divided into six groups (control group, model group, aspirin (100 mg/kg/d) group, NSTC low-dose (400 mg/kg/d) group, NSTC intermediate-dose (800 mg/kg/d) group, NSTC high-dose (1600 mg/kg/d) group) with 10 animals in each. The rats except those in the control group were placed in ice-cold water (0-4 °C) for 5 min during the time interval (4 h) of two adrenaline hydrochloride injections (0.8 mg/kg) to induce blood stasis. After treatment, whole blood viscosity at three shear rates, plasma viscosity and erythrocyte sedimentation rate significantly decreased in NSTC intermediate- and high-dose groups; erythrocyte aggregation index and red corpuscle electrophoresis index significantly decreased in all the three dose NSTC groups. Moreover, treatment with high-dose NSTC could significantly improve Na + -K + adenosine triphosphatase (ATPase) and Ca 2+ ATPase activity, as well as lower lactic acid level in brain tissues. These results demonstrated the protective effects of NSTC on haemorheology and cerebral energy metabolism disorders, which may provide scientific information for the further understanding of mechanism(s) of NSTC as a clinical treatment for ischemic stroke. Furthermore, the protective effects of activating blood circulation as observed in this study might create valuable

An assessment of actual evapotranspiration and soil water deficit in agricultural regions in Europe

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Kurnik, Blaž; Kajfež-Bogataj, Lučka; Horion, Stéphanie Marie Anne F

2015-01-01

) analysis and the Pearson correlation coefficients (RPearson), we showed that large-scale agricultural droughts are influenced by the recurrence of the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) and by the atmospheric blocking. Atmospheric blocking in different months throughout the year and extreme NAO index (mainly...

I Recomendação brasileira de fisioterapia respiratória em unidade de terapia intensiva pediátrica e neonatal

OpenAIRE

Johnston,Cíntia; Zanetti,Nathalia Mendonça; Comaru,Talitha; Ribeiro,Simone Nascimento dos Santos; Andrade,Lívia Barboza de; Santos,Suzi Laine Longo dos

2012-01-01

Recomendações para a atuação do fisioterapeuta em unidade de terapia intensiva pediátrica e neonatal são fundamentais, pois esses profissionais são responsáveis pela reabilitação de pacientes graves. A reabilitação inclui desde a avaliação e prevenção de alterações cinético funcionais às intervenções de tratamento (fisioterapia respiratória e/ou motora), controle e aplicação de gases medicinais, cuidados da ventilação pulmonar mecânica invasiva e não invasiva, protocolos de desmame e extubaçã...

Terapêutica com bisfosfonatos: implicações no paciente odontológico : revisão de literatura

OpenAIRE

Izquierdo, Cristina de Moraes; Gerhardt de Oliveira, Marília; Weber, João Batista Blessmann

2011-01-01

Objetivos: Revisar a literatura científica sobre os bisfosfonatos (BPs), suas indicações e contraindicações terapêuticas, mecanismo de ação e efeitos colaterais que podem ocorrer em pacientes submetidos a essa terapia medicamentosa e verificar a interferência da LLLT (laserterapia de baixa potência) no tratamento da osteonecrose. Revisão de literatura: Os BPs causam uma alteração no remodelamento ósseo, diminuindo a reabsorção óssea mediada por osteoclastos. São fármacos utilizados no tratame...

Sodium and Proton Effects on Inward Proton Transport through Na/K Pumps

Science.gov (United States)

Mitchell, Travis J.; Zugarramurdi, Camila; Olivera, J. Fernando; Gatto, Craig; Artigas, Pablo

2014-01-01

The Na/K pump hydrolyzes ATP to export three intracellular Na (Nai) as it imports two extracellular K (Ko) across animal plasma membranes. Within the protein, two ion-binding sites (sites I and II) can reciprocally bind Na or K, but a third site (site III) exclusively binds Na in a voltage-dependent fashion. In the absence of Nao and Ko, the pump passively imports protons, generating an inward current (IH). To elucidate the mechanisms of IH, we used voltage-clamp techniques to investigate the [H]o, [Na]o, and voltage dependence of IH in Na/K pumps from ventricular myocytes and in ouabain-resistant pumps expressed in Xenopus oocytes. Lowering pHo revealed that Ho both activates IH (in a voltage-dependent manner) and inhibits it (in a voltage-independent manner) by binding to different sites. Nao effects depend on pHo; at pHo where no Ho inhibition is observed, Nao inhibits IH at all concentrations, but when applied at pHo that inhibits pump-mediated current, low [Na]o activates IH and high [Na]o inhibits it. Our results demonstrate that IH is a property inherent to Na/K pumps, not linked to the oocyte expression environment, explains differences in the characteristics of IH previously reported in the literature, and supports a model in which 1), protons leak through site III; 2), binding of two Na or two protons to sites I and II inhibits proton transport; and 3), pumps with mixed Na/proton occupancy of sites I and II remain permeable to protons. PMID:24940773

Climate impacts of the NAO are sensitive to how the NAO is defined

Czech Academy of Sciences Publication Activity Database

Pokorná, Lucie; Huth, Radan

2015-01-01

Roč. 119, 3-4 (2015), s. 639-652 ISSN 0177-798X R&D Projects: GA ČR GAP209/10/2265; GA MŠk(CZ) ED1.1.00/02.0073 Institutional support: RVO:68378289 ; RVO:67179843 Keywords : North-Atlantic-Oscillation * atmospheric circulation * winter temperature * variability modes * time variations * Icelandic low * precipitation * surface * frequency * Europe Subject RIV: DG - Athmosphere Sciences, Meteorology Impact factor: 2.433, year: 2015 http://link.springer.com/article/10.1007%2Fs00704-014-1116-0

Interanual variability os solar radiation in Peninsula Iberica; Variabilidad interanual de la radiacion solar en la Peninsula Iberica

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Pozo-Vazquez, D.; Tovar-Pescador, J.; Gamiz-Fortis, S.; Esteban-Parra, M.; Castro-Diez, Y.

2004-07-01

The NAO climatic phenomenon is the main responsible for the interanual cloud cover variability in Europe. We explore the relationship between the NAO and the solar radiation spatio-temporal variability in Europe during winter. Measured monthly sums of sunshine duration and short-wave downward solar flux reanalysis data have been used. Correlation analysis between the NAO index and the measured sunshine duration shows a maximum positive value (+0.75) over the Iberian Peninsula. Accordingly, solar radiation in this area undergoes an interanual variability that can reach up to 30%, with the derived consequences for a reliable solar energy resources evaluation. (Author)

Reconstructing Late Holocene North Atlantic atmospheric circulation changes using functional paleoclimate networks

Science.gov (United States)

Franke, Jasper G.; Werner, Johannes P.; Donner, Reik V.

2017-11-01

Obtaining reliable reconstructions of long-term atmospheric circulation changes in the North Atlantic region presents a persistent challenge to contemporary paleoclimate research, which has been addressed by a multitude of recent studies. In order to contribute a novel methodological aspect to this active field, we apply here evolving functional network analysis, a recently developed tool for studying temporal changes of the spatial co-variability structure of the Earth's climate system, to a set of Late Holocene paleoclimate proxy records covering the last two millennia. The emerging patterns obtained by our analysis are related to long-term changes in the dominant mode of atmospheric circulation in the region, the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO). By comparing the time-dependent inter-regional linkage structures of the obtained functional paleoclimate network representations to a recent multi-centennial NAO reconstruction, we identify co-variability between southern Greenland, Svalbard, and Fennoscandia as being indicative of a positive NAO phase, while connections from Greenland and Fennoscandia to central Europe are more pronounced during negative NAO phases. By drawing upon this correspondence, we use some key parameters of the evolving network structure to obtain a qualitative reconstruction of the NAO long-term variability over the entire Common Era (last 2000 years) using a linear regression model trained upon the existing shorter reconstruction.

Comparison of several climate indices as inputs in modelling of the Baltic Sea runoff

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Hanninen, J.; Vuorinen, I. [Turku Univ. (Finland). Archipelaco Research Inst.], e-mail: jari.hanninen@utu.fi

2012-11-01

Using Transfer function (TF) models, we have earlier presented a chain of events between changes in the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) and their oceanographical and ecological consequences in the Baltic Sea. Here we tested whether other climate indices as inputs would improve TF models, and our understanding of the Baltic Sea ecosystem. Besides NAO, the predictors were the Arctic Oscillation (AO), sea-level air pressures at Iceland (SLP), and wind speeds at Hoburg (Gotland). All indices produced good TF models when the total riverine runoff to the Baltic Sea was used as a modelling basis. AO was not applicable in all study areas, showing a delay of about half a year between climate and runoff events, connected with freezing and melting time of ice and snow in the northern catchment area of the Baltic Sea. NAO appeared to be most useful modelling tool as its area of applicability was the widest of the tested indices, and the time lag between climate and runoff events was the shortest. SLP and Hoburg wind speeds showed largely same results as NAO, but with smaller areal applicability. Thus AO and NAO were both mostly contributing to the general understanding of climate control of runoff events in the Baltic Sea ecosystem. (orig.)

Variability of North Sea pH and CO2 in response to North Atlantic Oscillation forcing

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Salt, Lesley A.; Thomas, Helmuth; Prowe, Friederike

2013-01-01

[1] High biological activity causes a distinct seasonality of surface water pH in the North Sea, which is a strong sink for atmospheric CO2 via an effective shelf pump. The intimate connection between the North Sea and the North Atlantic Ocean suggests that the variability of the CO2 system...... of the North Atlantic Ocean may, in part, be responsible for the observed variability of pH and CO2 in the North Sea. In this work, we demonstrate the role of the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO), the dominant climate mode for the North Atlantic, in governing this variability. Based on three extensive...... observational records covering the relevant levels of the NAO index, we provide evidence that the North Sea pH and CO2 system strongly responds to external and internal expressions of the NAO. Under positive NAO, the higher rates of inflow of water from the North Atlantic Ocean and the Baltic outflow lead...

Identification of entomopathogenic nematodes and symbiotic bacteria from Nam Nao National Park in Thailand and larvicidal activity of symbiotic bacteria against Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus.

Science.gov (United States)

Yooyangket, Temsiri; Muangpat, Paramaporn; Polseela, Raxsina; Tandhavanant, Sarunporn; Thanwisai, Aunchalee; Vitta, Apichat

2018-01-01

Entomopathogenic nematodes (EPNs) that are symbiotically associated with Xenorhabdus and Photorhabdus bacteria can kill target insects via direct infection and toxin action. There are limited reports identifying such organisms in the National Park of Thailand. Therefore, the objectives of this study were to identify EPNs and symbiotic bacteria from Nam Nao National Park, Phetchabun Province, Thailand and to evaluate the larvicidal activity of bacteria against Aedes aegypti and Ae. albopictus. A total of 12 EPN isolates belonging to Steinernema and Heterorhabditis were obtained form 940 soil samples between February 2014 and July 2016. EPNs were molecularly identified as S. websteri (10 isolates) and H. baujardi (2 isolates). Symbiotic bacteria were isolated from EPNs and molecularly identified as P. luminescens subsp. akhurstii (13 isolates), X. stockiae (11 isolates), X. vietnamensis (2 isolates) and X. japonica (1 isolate). For the bioassay, bacterial suspensions were evaluated for toxicity against third to early fourth instar larvae of Aedes spp. The larvae of both Aedes species were orally susceptible to symbiotic bacteria. The highest larval mortality of Ae. aegypti was 99% after exposure to X. stockiae (bNN112.3_TH) at 96 h, and the highest mortality of Ae. albopictus was 98% after exposure to P. luminescens subsp. akhurstii (bNN121.4_TH) at 96 h. In contrast to the control groups (Escherichia coli and distilled water), the mortality rate of both mosquito larvae ranged between 0 and 7% at 72 h. Here, we report the first observation of X. vietnamensis in Thailand. Additionally, we report the first observation of P. luminescens subsp. akhurstii associated with H. baujardi in Thailand. X. stockiae has potential to be a biocontrol agent for mosquitoes. This investigation provides a survey of the basic diversity of EPNs and symbiotic bacteria in the National Park of Thailand, and it is a bacterial resource for further studies of bioactive compounds.

Impacts of radiation management techniques on the North Atlantic Oscillation

Science.gov (United States)

Adakudlu, Muralidhar; Helge Otterå, Odd; Tjiputra, Jerry; Muri, Helene; Grini, Alf; Schulz, Michael

2017-04-01

The effectiveness of various climate engineering techniques in limiting the global warming signal to reasonable levels has been the topic of state-of-the-art research on climate change. Using an Earth system model, we show that these techniques have the potential to bring down the high CO2 concentration climate in RCP8.5 to a moderate climate similar to RCP4.5 in terms of global temperature. Nevertheless, their influence on the regional aspects of atmospheric circulation is not clear. The regional circulation patterns in the atmosphere are largely characterized by the natural variability modes, such as the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO). In this study, we assess the impacts of three radiation managment techniques, namely, Stratospheric Aerosol Injection (SAI), Marine Sky Brightening (MSB) and Cirrus Cloud Thinning (CCT), on the structure and features of the NAO. The results indicate an east-northeastward shift as well as intensification of the NAO spatial pattern in the global warming scenarios of RCP4.5 and RCP8.5, with the signal being most intense in the latter. The climate engineering forcings when applied to the RCP8.5 case tend to reduce the strength of the NAO with little impact on its position. The CCT case appears to have the maximum effect on the NAO signal. The patterns of cloud radiative forcing, expressed as the difference between net radiative forcing at TOA under average conditions and clear sky conditions, reveal a northeastward shift of the radiative heating in the north Atlantic region. This implies a possible link between the changes in the NAO signal and the cloud radiative forcing.

Life history tactics shape amphibians' demographic responses to the North Atlantic Oscillation.

Science.gov (United States)

Cayuela, Hugo; Joly, Pierre; Schmidt, Benedikt R; Pichenot, Julian; Bonnaire, Eric; Priol, Pauline; Peyronel, Olivier; Laville, Mathias; Besnard, Aurélien

2017-11-01

Over the last three decades, climate abnormalities have been reported to be involved in biodiversity decline by affecting population dynamics. A growing number of studies have shown that the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) influences the demographic parameters of a wide range of plant and animal taxa in different ways. Life history theory could help to understand these different demographic responses to the NAO. Indeed, theory states that the impact of weather variation on a species' demographic traits should depend on its position along the fast-slow continuum. In particular, it is expected that NAO would have a higher impact on recruitment than on adult survival in slow species, while the opposite pattern is expected occur in fast species. To test these predictions, we used long-term capture-recapture datasets (more than 15,000 individuals marked from 1965 to 2015) on different surveyed populations of three amphibian species in Western Europe: Triturus cristatus, Bombina variegata, and Salamandra salamandra. Despite substantial intraspecific variation, our study revealed that these three species differ in their position on a slow-fast gradient of pace of life. Our results also suggest that the differences in life history tactics influence amphibian responses to NAO fluctuations: Adult survival was most affected by the NAO in the species with the fastest pace of life (T. cristatus), whereas recruitment was most impacted in species with a slower pace of life (B. variegata and S. salamandra). In the context of climate change, our findings suggest that the capacity of organisms to deal with future changes in NAO values could be closely linked to their position on the fast-slow continuum. © 2017 John Wiley & Sons Ltd.

Effects of the North Atlantic Oscillation on Spanish catches of albacore, Thunnus alalunga, and yellowfin tuna, Thunnus albacares, in the North–east Atlantic Ocean

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Rubio, C.J.; MacIas, D.; Camiñas, J.A.; Fernandez, I.L.; Baez, J.C.

2016-07-01

Tuna are highly migratory pelagic species (HMPS) with great importance in commercial fishing. Several authors have highlighted the effect of climatic oscillations such as the NAO (North Atlantic Oscillation) on HMPS. This paper analyzes the effects of the NAO on two HMPS: albacore, Thunnus alalunga, and yellowfin tuna, Thunnus albacares. Fishing data from the Spanish fleet operating in the North Atlantic area were obtained from the International Commission for the Conservation of Atlantic Tunas (ICCAT) database. The results show a positive correlation between the NAO index and the Catch per Unit Effort (CPUE) for both albacore and yellowfin tuna, depicting a potential effect on their capturability. (Author)

Temperature-precipitation relationship of the Common Era in northern Europe

Science.gov (United States)

Luoto, Tomi P.; Nevalainen, Liisa

2018-05-01

Due to the lack of knowledge on dynamics of the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) prior to the last millennium, synchronized records of air temperature and precipitation variability are needed to understand large-scale drivers of the hydroclimate. Here, we use completely synchronized paleolimnological proxy-based records of air temperature and effective precipitation from two Scandinavian lakes with ˜2000-year sediment profiles. We show that the relationship between air temperature and precipitation (T/P ratio) is synchronous in both study sites throughout the records suggesting warm and dry conditions at ˜300-1100 CE and cold and wet conditions at ˜1200-1900 CE. Owing to the significantly increased air temperatures, the most recent T/P ratio has again turned positive. During the first millennium of the Common Era, the T/P mimics patterns in Southern Oscillation index, whereas the second millennium shows response to the NAO index but is also concurrent with solar irradiance shifts. Since our T/P reconstruction is mostly linked with the NAO, we propose the T/P ratio as an indicator of the NAO. Our results from the coherent records provide first-time knowledge on the long-term temperature-precipitation relationship in Northern Europe that increase understanding of the comprehensive hydroclimate system in the region and the NAO dynamics also further back in time.

The impact of the winter North Atlantic Oscillation on the frequency of spring dust storms over Tarim Basin in northwest China in the past half-century

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Zhao Yong; Huang Anning; Zhou Yang; Huang Ying; Zhu Xinsheng

2013-01-01

The relationship between the frequency of spring dust storms over Tarim Basin in northwest China and the winter North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) is investigated by using the observed dust storm frequency (DSF) and the 10 m wind velocity at 36 stations in Tarim Basin and the National Centers for Environment Prediction/National Center for Atmospheric Research reanalysis data for the period 1961–2007. The spring DSF (winter NAO) index shows a clear decreasing (increasing) linear trend over 1961–2007. The winter NAO correlates well with the subsequent spring DSF over Tarim Basin on both interannual and interdecadal time scales and its interannual to interdecadal variation plays an important role in the spring DSF. Two possible physical mechanisms are identified. One is related to the large scale anomalous circulations in spring in the middle to high troposphere modulated by the winter NAO, providing the background of dynamical conditions for the dust storm occurrences. The other is related to the shifts in the local horizontal sea level pressure (SLP) gradients and 10 m wind speed, corresponding to changes in the large scale circulations in spring. The decrease in the local 10 m wind speed due to the reduced horizontal SLP gradients over Tarim Basin during the strong winter NAO years contributes to the decline of the DSF in the subsequent spring. (letter)

Structural change of NaO1/2-WO3-NbO5/2-LaO3/2-PO5/2 glass induced by electrochemical substitution of sodium ions with protons.

Science.gov (United States)

Ishiyama, Tomohiro; Yamaguchi, Takuya; Nishii, Junji; Yamashita, Toshiharu; Kawazoe, Hiroshi; Kuwata, Naoaki; Kawamura, Junichi; Omata, Takahisa

2015-05-28

Structural changes of 35NaO1/2-1WO3-8NbO5/2-5LaO3/2-51PO5/2 glass (1W-glass) before and after the electrochemical substitution of sodium ions with protons by alkali-proton substitution (APS) are studied by Raman and (31)P magic-angle spinning nuclear magnetic resonance (MAS-NMR) spectroscopies. The glass before APS consists of (PO3(-))8.6(P2O7(4-)) chains on average and the terminal Q(1) units (-O-PO3(3-)) are bound to MO6 octahedra (M denotes niobium or tungsten) through P-O-M bonds. Some non-bridging oxygens (NBOs) in the MO6 octahedra are present in addition to the bridging oxygens (BOs) in P-O-M bonds. APS induces fragmentation of the phosphate chains because the average chain length decreases to (PO3(-))3.7(P2O7(4-)) after APS, despite the total number of modifier cations of sodium and lanthanum ions and protons being unaffected by APS. This fragmentation is induced by some of the NBOs in the MO6 octahedra before APS, changing to BOs of the newly formed M-O-P bonds after APS, because of the preferential formation of P-OH bonds over M-OH ones in the present glass. We show that APS under the conditions used here is not a simple substitution of sodium ions with protons, but it is accompanied by the structural relaxation of the glass to stabilize the injected protons.

Atmospheric summer teleconnections and Greenland Ice Sheet surface mass variations: insights from MERRA-2

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Lim, Young-Kwon; Schubert, Siegfried D; Molod, Andrea M; Cullather, Richard I; Zhao, Bin; Nowicki, Sophie M J; Lee, Jae N; Velicogna, Isabella

2016-01-01

The relationship between leading atmospheric teleconnection patterns and Greenland Ice Sheet (GrIS) temperature, precipitation, and surface mass balance (SMB) are investigated for the last 36 summers (1979–2014) based on Modern-Era Retrospective analysis for Research and Applications version 2 reanalyses. The results indicate that the negative phase of both the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) and Arctic Oscillation, associated with warm and dry conditions for the GrIS, lead to SMB decreases within 0–1 months. Furthermore, the positive phase of the East Atlantic (EA) pattern often lags the negative NAO, reflecting a dynamical linkage between these modes that acts to further enhance the warm and dry conditions over the GrIS, leading to a favorable environment for enhanced surface mass loss. The development of a strong negative NAO in combination with a strong positive EA in recent years leads to significantly larger GrIS warming compared to when the negative NAO occurs in combination with a negative or weak positive EA (0.69 K versus 0.13 K anomaly). During 2009 and 2011, weakened (as compared to conditions during the severe surface melt cases of 2010 and 2012) local high pressure blocking produced colder northerly flow over the GrIS inhibiting warming despite the occurrence of a strong negative NAO, reflecting an important role for the EA during those years. In particular, the EA acts with the NAO to enhance warming in 2010 and 2012, and weaken high pressure blocking in 2009 and 2011. In general, high pressure blocking primarily impacts the western areas of the GrIS via advective temperature increases, while changes in net surface radiative fluxes account for both western and eastern GrIS temperature changes. (letter)

Interactions of [14C]phosphonoformic acid with renal cortical brush-border membranes. Relationship to the Na+-phosphate co-transporter

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Szczepanska-Konkel, M.; Yusufi, A.N.; Dousa, T.P.

1987-01-01

Since phosphonoformic acid (PFA) acts as a specific competitive inhibitor of Na+-Pi co-transport across renal brush-border membrane (BBM), we employed the [ 14 C]PFA as a probe to determine the mechanism of its interaction with rat renal BBM. The binding of [ 14 C]PFA to BBM vesicles (BBMV), with Na+ present in extravesicular medium (Na+o), was time- and temperature-dependent. The replacement of Na+o with other monovalent cations reduced the PFA binding by -80%. Cl- was the most effective accompanying monovalent anion as NaCl for maximum PFA binding. The Na+o increased the apparent affinity of BBMV for [ 14 C]PFA binding, but it did not change the maximum binding capacity. The maximum [ 14 C]PFA binding was achieved at Na+o approximately equal to 50 mM. The extent of Na+-dependent [ 14 C]PFA binding correlated with percent inhibition by an equimolar dose of PFA of the dependent BBMV uptake of 32Pi. Intravesicular Na+ (Na+i) decreased [ 14 C]PFA binding, on BBMV, and this inhibition by Na+i was dependent on the presence of Na+o. The increase in Na+i, at constant [Na+]o, decreased the Vmax, but not the Km, for [ 14 C]PFA binding on BBMV. Bound [ 14 C]PFA was displaced from BBMV by phosphonocarboxylic acids proportionally to their ability to inhibit gradient-dependent Pi transport, whereas other monophosphonates, diphosphonates, L-proline, or D-glucose did not influence the [ 14 C]PFA binding. The Na+-dependent binding of [ 14 C]PFA and of [ 3 H]phlorizin by BBMV was 10 times higher than binding of these ligands to renal basolateral membranes and to mitochondria. [ 14 C]PFA probably binds onto the same locus on the luminal surface of BBM, where Pi and Na+ form a ternary complex with the Na+-Pi co-transporter

North Atlantic Oscillation and moisture transport towards the Iberian Peninsula during winter

Science.gov (United States)

Ordóñez, Paulina; Liberato, Margarida L. R.; Gouveia, Célia; Trigo, Ricardo M.

2013-04-01

The North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) is the major source of interannual variability in winter precipitation over the Iberian Peninsula (IP). Recent works have identified the most important sources of moisture that supply the IP during different seasons of the year, including the nearby western Mediterranean and the tropical-subtropical North Atlantic corridor that extends from the Gulf of Mexico to the IP, and the IP itself (Gimeno et al., 2010). However, although rainfall is directly related to the moisture supply, the relationship between the water vapor transported towards IP and the NAO phase remains unclear. In this work the moisture transport towards IP was analyzed using a Lagrangian diagnosis method, which relies on the Lagrangian particle dispersion model FLEXPART. This methodology computes budgets of evaporation minus precipitation (E-P) by evaluating changes in the specific humidity along back-trajectories. Here we have computed (for each day) the evolution of moisture of the particles bound for Iberia up to 10 days prior to their arrival. The analysis was constrained to the winter (DJF) season, responsible for the largest fraction of precipitation, for the 20 years of ECMWF Reanalyses ERA40 dataset from 1980 to 2000. The contribution of the NAO phase on the water budgets is examined using composites of the obtained (E - P) fields for the 5 most extreme positive and negative NAO years of the study period. Results confirm that the IP is dominated by positive (negative) E-P anomalies during positive (negative) NAO phase. Additionally an anomalous water vapor sink (source) region located approximately over the Gulf Stream is found during positive (negative) NAO phase. Gimeno L., Nieto R., Trigo R.M. , Vicente-Serrano S.M, Lopes-Moreno J.I., (2010) "Where does the Iberian Peninsula moisture come from? An answer based on a Lagrangian approach". J. Hydrometeorology, 11, 421-436 DOI: 10.1175/2009JHM1182.1.

Land surface anomalies preceding the 2010 Russian heat wave and a link to the North Atlantic oscillation

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Wright, Christopher K; Henebry, Geoffrey M; De Beurs, Kirsten M

2014-01-01

The Eurasian wheat belt (EWB) spans a region across Eastern Ukraine, Southern Russia, and Northern Kazakhstan; accounting for nearly 15% of global wheat production. We assessed land surface conditions across the EWB during the early growing season (April–May–June; AMJ) leading up to the 2010 Russian heat wave, and over a longer-term period from 2000 to 2010. A substantial reduction in early season values of the normalized difference vegetation index occurred prior to the Russian heat wave, continuing a decadal decline in early season primary production in the region. In 2010, an anomalously cold winter followed by an abrupt shift to a warmer-than-normal early growing season was consistent with a persistently negative phase of the North Atlantic oscillation (NAO). Regression analyses showed that early season vegetation productivity in the EWB is a function of both the winter (December–January–February; DJF) and AMJ phases of the NAO. Land surface anomalies preceding the heat wave were thus consistent with highly negative values of both the DJF NAO and AMJ NAO in 2010. (letter)

Are the North Atlantic oscillation and the southern oscillation related in any time-scale?

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Garcia, R.; Ribera, P.; Hernandez, E. [Universidad Complutense de Madrid (Spain). Facultad de Ciencias Fisicas; Gimenoo, L. [Fac. Ciencias, Univ. Vigo, Ourense (Spain)

2000-02-01

The north Atlantic oscillation (NAO) and the southern oscillation (SO) are compared from the standpoint of a possible common temporal scale of oscillation. To do this a cross-spectrum of the temporal series of NAO and SO indices was determined, finding a significant common oscillation of 6-8 years. To assure this finding, both series were decomposed in their main oscillations using singular spectrum analysis (SSA). Resulting reconstructed series of 6-8 years' oscillation were then cross-correlated without and with pre-whitened, the latter being significant. The main conclusion is a possible relationship between a common oscillation of 6-8 years that represents about 20% of the SO variance and about 25% of the NAO variance. (orig.)

Ultra-low power thin film transistors with gate oxide formed by nitric acid oxidation method

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Kobayashi, H.; Kim, W. B.; Matsumoto, T.

2011-01-01

We have developed a low temperature fabrication method of SiO 2 /Si structure by use of nitric acid, i.e., nitric acid oxidation of Si (NAOS) method, and applied it to thin film transistors (TFT). A silicon dioxide (SiO 2 ) layer formed by the NAOS method at room temperature possesses 1.8 nm thickness, and its leakage current density is as low as that of thermally grown SiO 2 layer with the same thickness formed at ∼900 deg C. The fabricated TFTs possess an ultra-thin NAOS SiO 2 /CVD SiO 2 stack gate dielectric structure. The ultrathin NAOS SiO 2 layer effectively blocks a gate leakage current, and thus, the thickness of the gate oxide layer can be decreased from 80 to 20 nm. The thin gate oxide layer enables to decrease the operation voltage to 2 V (cf. the conventional operation voltage of TFTs with 80 nm gate oxide: 12 V) because of the low threshold voltages, i.e., -0.5 V for P-ch TFTs and 0.5 V for N-ch TFTs, and thus the consumed power decreases to 1/36 of that of the conventional TFTs. The drain current increases rapidly with the gate voltage, and the sub-threshold voltage is ∼80 mV/dec. The low sub-threshold swing is attributable to the thin gate oxide thickness and low interface state density of the NAOS SiO 2 layer. (authors)

Endoscopia Torácica de Intervenção – papel da laserterapia e das próteses traqueobrônquicas no tratamento da patologia traqueobrônquica

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S. Feijó

1997-03-01

,9% of the cases, mainly due to post entubation tracheal stenosis.Our experience includes 70 laser treatments in 54 patients, 38 laser plus stent in 30 patients and 12 stent placements in 8 patients, from June/93 through June/95. 81,4% of the patients were men and 19,6% women, with ages ranging from 18 to 78 years.Complications to date have been few and we consider them 'typical' in such procedures. the overall mortality is 0,83% (1 patient. Palavras-chave: Laserterapia, Próteses Traqueobrônquicas, Broncologia de intervenção, Key-words: Lasertherapy, Trachcobronchial Stents, Interventional Bronchology

Variability of the North Atlantic Oscillation over the past 5,200 years

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Olsen, Jesper; Anderson, N. John; Knudsen, Mads Faurschou

2012-01-01

the index is positive, Europe and the eastern US are mild and wet, whereas Greenland and northern Canada are cold and dry. A negative index is associated with the reverse pattern. Reconstructions of the NAO have so far been limited to the past 900 years(3). Here we analyse a 5,200-year-long, high......-resolution lake sediment record from southwestern Greenland to reconstruct lake hypolimnic anoxia, and link the results to an existing reconstruction of the NAO index from tree rings and speleothems(3). Using the relationship between the two records, we find that around 4,500 and 650 years ago-around the end....... However, the onset of the Medieval Climate Anomaly was not associated with any notable changes in the NAO....

As virtudes da atenção: "The corn harvest", de William Carlos Williams As virtudes da atenção: "The corn harvest", de William Carlos Williams

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Thomas Jackson

2008-04-01

Full Text Available E claro que a critica literiria nao 6 uma ciéncia e que, exceto para o quimico industrial, uma obra literaria nao pode ser objeto de um estudo cientifico autantico. Um texto liter&rio assume a sua estatura pr6pria a partir da maneira como a visto por uma audiancia muito embora esta afirmagao deva ser explicitada. ConcepcOes semi-cientificas da literatura e da critics. (A concepcao de Northrop Frye 6 provavelmente a mais simplificada, o estruturalismo a mais confuse aparentemente levam a um erro de categorizagao: o pressuposto de que a literatura 6 uma categoria da mesma forma que, por exemplo, os batriquios. Estes existem exteriormente, independentemente da percepgao humane, e isto nao ocorre de forma analoga com a literature.

Efeitos da laserterapia de baixa potência na reposta oxidativa epidérmica induzida pela cicatrização de feridas Effects of low-level laser therapy on epidermal oxidative response induced by wound healing

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PCL Silveira

2009-08-01

Full Text Available INTRODUÇÃO: O uso terapêutico do laser de baixa potência na fisioterapia tem aumentado significativamente. OBJETIVO: Avaliar os efeitos da laserterapia de baixa potência nos parâmetros oxidativos na cicatrização de feridas em ratos. MÉTODOS: Dezoito ratos Wistar foram divididos randomicamente em 3 grupos (controle 5 dias, n=6; 5 dias/2 J/cm², n=6; 5 dias/4 J/cm², n=6. Uma única ferida circular medindo 8 X 8 mm foi cirurgicamente realizada no dorso do rato. Trinta minutos após a última irradiação, os ratos foram submetidos à eutanásia, e o tecido irradiado foi removido cirurgicamente e armazenado a -70ºC. Foi determinada a atividade das enzimas da cadeia respiratória: DCIP oxirredutase (complexo II e succinato desidrogenase solúvel (SDH, atividade do citocromo c oxidase (complexo IV, produção de ânion superóxido, atividade da superóxido dismutase (SOD e catalase (CAT. A lipoperoxidação foi avaliada pela técnica de TBARS. RESULTADOS: Os resultados mostram uma diminuição na atividade do complexo II nos grupos irradiados por 5 dias com 2 e 4 J/cm², enquanto a produção de ânion superóxido mostrou uma diminuição significativa no grupo irradiado por 5 dias com 4 J/cm² em relação ao grupo controle. Além disso, um aumento significativo na atividade da catalase foi observado no grupo irradiado por 5 dias com 2 J/cm², como também uma diminuição da peroxidação lipídica nos dois grupos irradiados. CONCLUSÕES: Os resultados do presente estudo indicam que o laser estimula a atividade antioxidante e protege a célula contra danos oxidativos durante o processo de cicatrização de feridas cutâneas em ratos.BACKGROUND: Therapeutic use of low-level laser in physical therapy has increased significantly. OBJECTIVE: To assess the effects of low-level laser therapy on the oxidative parameters of wound healing in rats. METHODS: Eighteen Wistar rats were randomly divided into three groups (control, 5 days, n=6; 2 J

Regional climatic and North Atlantic Oscillation signatures in West Virginia red cedar over the past millennium

Science.gov (United States)

D'Arrigo, Rosanne; Anchukaitis, Kevin J.; Buckley, Brendan; Cook, Ed; Wilson, Rob

2012-03-01

We describe a millennial length (~ 1500-yr) tree-ring chronology developed from West Virginia (WVA), USA red cedar (Juniperus virginiana) ring widths that is significantly correlated with local to regional temperature and precipitation for the region. Using ensemble methods of tree-ring standardization, above average ring widths are indicated for the period between ~ 1000 and 1300 CE, the approximate time of the Medieval Climate Anomaly (MCA), the most recent major warm episode prior to the modern era. The chronology then transitions to more negative overall growth persisting through much of the subsequent period known as the Little Ice Age (LIA). While WVA cedar growth levels during the MCA are broadly similar to the 20th century mean, the most positive values during the MCA are associated with RCS-standardized chronologies, which pseudoproxy tests reveal are likely biased artificially positive, warranting further investigation. This cedar record is significantly correlated with the NAO, due to the tendency for warmer, wetter conditions to occur in the eastern-central USA during the NAO's positive phase. These types of conditions are inferred for this cedar chronology during the MCA period, during which NAO reconstructions suggest a persistently-positive NAO state.

Climate and changing winter distribution of alcids in the Northwest Atlantic

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Richard R. Veit

2015-04-01

Full Text Available Population level impacts upon seabirds from changing climate are increasingly evident, and include effects on phenology, migration, dispersal, annual survivorship and reproduction. Most population data on seabirds derive from nesting colonies; documented climate impacts on winter ecology are scarce. We studied interannual variability in winter abundance of six species of alcids (Charadriiformes, Alcidae from a 58-year time series of data collected in Massachusetts 1954-2011. We used counts of birds taken during fall and winter from coastal vantage points. Counts were made by amateur birders, but coverage was consistent in timing and location. We found significant association between winter abundance of all six species of alcids and climate, indexed by North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO, at two temporal scales: 1. Significant linear trends at the 58-year scale of the time series; and 2. Shorter term fluctuations corresponding to the 5-8 year periodicity of NAO. Thus, variation in winter abundance of all six species of alcids was significantly related to the combined short-term and longer-term components of variation in NAO. Two low-Arctic species (Atlantic Puffin and Black Guillemot peaked during NAO positive years, while two high Arctic species (Dovekie and Thick-billed Murre peaked during NAO negative years. For Common Murres and Razorbills, southward shifts in winter distribution have been accompanied by southward expansion of breeding range, and increase within the core of the range. The proximate mechanism governing these changes is unclear, but, as for most other species of seabirds whose distributions have changed with climate, seems likely to be through their prey.

High-Capacity Sodium Peroxide Based NaO₂ Batteries with Low Charge Overpotential via a Nanostructured Catalytic Cathode

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Ma, Lu; Zhang, Dongzhou [Partnership; Lei, Yu [Department; Yuan, Yifei; Wu, Tianpin; Lu, Jun; Amine, Khalil

2018-01-05

The superoxide based Na-O-2 battery has circumvented the issue of large charge overpotential in Li-O-2 batteries; however, the one-electron process leads to limited capacity. Herein, a sodium peroxide based low-overpotential (similar to 0.5 V) Na-O-2 battery with a capacity as high as 7.5 mAh/cm(2) is developed with Pd nanoparticles as catalysts on the cathode.

Esplenectomia e ligadura da veia gástrica esquerda na esquistossomose mansônica: efeito sobre a pressão das varizes de esôfago aferida por tecnica não-invasiva

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Claudio Moura Lacerda

Full Text Available Em ambos os hospitais universitários de Pernambuco, o tratamento de escolha para portadores de esquistossomose hepatoesplênica (EHE com antecedente de hemorragia digestiva alta (HDA por rotura de varizes de esôfago (VE é a esplenectomia associada à ligadura da veia gástrica esquerda (ELGE; porém, o impacto desta cirurgia sobre a pressão das VE, provavelmente, o parâmetro que melhor se correlaciona com o risco de recidiva hemorrágica, ainda não foi estudado. Com a introdução, em nosso meio, de técnica não-invasiva de medição da pressão das VE, isto tornou-se possível, com mínimos riscos, tomando-se o objetivo do presente estudo. A ELGE foi empregada em vinte portadores de EHE com antecedentes de HDA. A pressão das VE foi medida através do método endoscópico não-invasivo do balão pneumático, antes da cirurgia, e estes valores comparados com novas medições realizadas cinco a oito dias após. A pressão nas VE no pré-operatório variou entre 20,0 e 28,7mmHg (média de 24,35± 2,36 mmHg. Não houve correlação da pressão com o calibre das VE. No pós-operatório (PO, observou-se uma queda significante na pressão das VE, que variou entre 14,6 e 21,5 mmHg (média 17,29± 1,75 mmHg, p<0,001. Os resultados do presente trabalho confirmam as idéias que fundamentam a indicação da ELGE em portadores de EHE com antecedente de HDA. Esta cirurgia determina, pelo menos a curto prazo e na ampla maioria dos casos, uma redução na pressão das VE reduzindo o risco de recidiva de HDA.

Virtual Surgery for the Nasal Airway: A Preliminary Report on Decision Support and Technology Acceptance.

Science.gov (United States)

Vanhille, Derek L; Garcia, Guilherme J M; Asan, Onur; Borojeni, Azadeh A T; Frank-Ito, Dennis O; Kimbell, Julia S; Pawar, Sachin S; Rhee, John S

2018-01-01

Nasal airway obstruction (NAO) is a common problem that affects patient quality of life. Surgical success for NAO correction is variable. Virtual surgery planning via computational fluid dynamics (CFD) has the potential to improve the success rates of NAO surgery. To elicit surgeon feedback of a virtual surgery planning tool for NAO and to determine if this tool affects surgeon decision making. For this cross-sectional study, 60-minute face-to-face interviews with board-certified otolaryngologists were conducted at a single academic otolaryngology department from September 16, 2016, through October 7, 2016. Virtual surgery methods were introduced, and surgeons were able to interact with the virtual surgery planning tool interface. Surgeons were provided with a patient case of NAO, and open feedback of the platform was obtained, with emphasis on surgical decision making. Likert scale responses and qualitative feedback were collected for the virtual surgery planning tool and its influence on surgeon decision making. Our 9 study participants were all male, board-certified otolaryngologists with a mean (range) 15 (4-28) number of years in practice and a mean (range) number of nasal surgeries per month at 2.2 (0.0-6.0). When examined on a scale of 1 (not at all) to 5 (completely), surgeon mean (SD) score was 3.4 (0.5) for how realistic the virtual models were compared with actual surgery. On the same scale, when asked how much the virtual surgery planning tool changed surgeon decision making, mean (SD) score was 2.6 (1.6). On a scale of 1 (strongly disagree) to 7 (strongly agree), surgeon scores for perceived usefulness of the technology and attitude toward using it were 5.1 (1.1) and 5.7 (0.9), respectively. Our study shows positive surgeon experience with a virtual surgery planning tool for NAO based on CFD simulations. Surgeons felt that future applications and areas of study of the virtual surgery planning tool include its potential role for patient counseling

The Caspian Sea Catchment influenced by Atlantic Teleconnections in CESM1.2.2 and Observations

Science.gov (United States)

Nandini, S. D.; Prange, M.; Schulz, M.

2017-12-01

The Caspian Sea (CS) is the world's largest inland sea and located within a closed (endorheic) drainage basin [ 37°-47N, 47°-54°E]. It has undergone dynamic variations (>3 m) during the past century with huge impacts on the economy, ecosystem and livelihood of coastal people. The origin of these variations as well as future changes are disputable. Here, we examine the impact of the major seasonal North Atlantic teleconnection patterns, the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) and the East Atlantic pattern (EA) on Caspian hydroclimate variability from 1850-2100 CE. Five Numerical experiments at different atmospheric grid resolutions (2° and 1°) and atmospheric model versions (CAM4 and CAM5) are carried out with the coupled Community Earth System Model (CESM1.2.2). Results reveal the 1° CESM1.2.2 CAM5 captures DJF NAO (46.5%) and EA (13.4%), agreeing well with observational data (1850-2000). The DJF NAO has a strong influence on the DJF temperature, rainfall and evaporation minus precipitation (E-P) over the Caspian sub-basins (Volga, Ural, Terek and Kura). Furthermore, 1° model climate projections (2020-2100 CE) are performed with different Representative Concentration Pathways (RCP4.5 and RCP8.5) to examine likely changes in the NAO and EA and their influence on the Caspian catchment. The NAO under the RCP4.5 and RCP8.5 scenarios remains the leading mode with the highest variance and influences E-P with increased precipitation over the Volga basin and increased evaporation over the Caspian Sea. The above canceling effects act on the hydroclimate variability in the Caspian sub-basins. Moreover, it is indicated that no substantial change is predicted in the CSL by the year 2100. Keywords: North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO), CESM1.2.2 resolutions, Evaporation minus Precipitation (E-P), RCP4.5, RCP8.5

Anion-coupled Na efflux mediated by the human red blood cell Na/K pump

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Dissing, S.; Hoffman, J.F.

1990-01-01

The red cell Na/K pump is known to continue to extrude Na when both Na and K are removed from the external medium. Because this ouabain-sensitive flux occurs in the absence of an exchangeable cation, it is referred to as uncoupled Na efflux. This flux is also known to be inhibited by 5 mM Nao but to a lesser extent than that inhibitable by ouabain. Uncoupled Na efflux via the Na/K pump therefore can be divided into a Nao-sensitive and Nao-insensitive component. We used DIDS-treated, SO4-equilibrated human red blood cells suspended in HEPES-buffered (pHo 7.4) MgSO4 or (Tris)2SO4, in which we measured 22Na efflux, 35SO4 efflux, and changes in the membrane potential with the fluorescent dye, diS-C3 (5). A principal finding is that uncoupled Na efflux occurs electroneurally, in contrast to the pump's normal electrogenic operation when exchanging Nai for Ko. This electroneutral uncoupled efflux of Na was found to be balanced by an efflux of cellular anions. (We were unable to detect any ouabain-sensitive uptake of protons, measured in an unbuffered medium at pH 7.4 with a Radiometer pH-STAT.) The Nao-sensitive efflux of Nai was found to be 1.95 +/- 0.10 times the Nao-sensitive efflux of (SO4)i, indicating that the stoichiometry of this cotransport is two Na+ per SO4=, accounting for 60-80% of the electroneutral Na efflux. The remainder portion, that is, the ouabain-sensitive Nao-insensitive component, has been identified as PO4-coupled Na transport and is the subject of a separate paper. That uncoupled Na efflux occurs as a cotransport with anions is supported by the result, obtained with resealed ghosts, that when internal and external SO4 was substituted by the impermeant anion, tartrate i,o, the efflux of Na was inhibited 60-80%. This inhibition could be relieved by the inclusion, before DIDS treatment, of 5 mM Cli,o

Oxygen Isotope Speleothem record of Decadal and Multidecadal Atlantic Oscillations over the last millennium in Southwestern Morocco

Science.gov (United States)

Ait Brahim, Yassine; Sha, LiJuan; Sifeddine, Abdelfettah; Cheng, Hai; Bouchaou, Lhoussaine; Da Cruz Junior, Francisco William; Khodri, Myriam; Peerbocus, Nawaaz; Mariller, Alexandre; Apaestegui, James; Guyot, Jean-Loup; Auler, Augusto; Hassane Beraaouz, El

2016-04-01

In this work, we present a stable oxygen isotope (δ18O) speleothem record from Ifoulki cave located South-West of Morocco (N 30°42'29'', W 09°19'39'' and 1267 meters above sea level). The age model, based on eighteen U-Th dates, reveals that the record covers the AD 790-1953 period with a data resolution of ~1.7 years. Stable oxygen isotope variations show substantial decadal to multi-decadal swings between dry and humid periods. The Medieval Climate Anomaly (MCA) is characterized by the longest period with δ18O values above the average, suggestive of pronounced drying possibly as a response to positive North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) phases and increased volcanic activity during this period. However, at least two short wet phases are recognized during the MCA in Morocco, with peaks centered on the years AD 1040 and AD 1190 and seem to overlap with negative NAO phases as recorded in a recently published NAO reconstruction for the last millennium. During the next centuries, the NAO again depicts predominantly negative values and the δ18O drops below the average during the Little Ice Age (LIA). Furthermore, a striking resemblance is observed between our record and another recently published stalagmite record from the Piste cave in Northeastern Morocco, which is quite remarkable given the different type of tracers (δ18O vs. Mg and Sr) obtained from different environments (Western High Atlas vs. Northeastern Middle Atlas and ~634 km away). Comparison with regional paleorecords from other studies also reveals the replication of many characteristic climate features from the last millennium, first detected in Northern Morocco and the Iberian Peninsula. In particular, the evidence of generally dry conditions during the MCA and wetter conditions in the LIA, which is confirmed by all the paleorecords. These similarities indicate coherent climate variability in Northwest Africa and the Iberian Peninsula and suggest a strong regional control of the NAO during the last

Intraseasonal interaction between the Madden-Julian Oscillation and the North Atlantic Oscillation.

Science.gov (United States)

Cassou, Christophe

2008-09-25

Bridging the traditional gap between the spatio-temporal scales of weather and climate is a significant challenge facing the atmospheric community. In particular, progress in both medium-range and seasonal-to-interannual climate prediction relies on our understanding of recurrent weather patterns and the identification of specific causes responsible for their favoured occurrence, persistence or transition. Within this framework, I here present evidence that the main climate intra-seasonal oscillation in the tropics-the Madden-Julian Oscillation (MJO)-controls part of the distribution and sequences of the four daily weather regimes defined over the North Atlantic-European region in winter. North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) regimes are the most affected, allowing for medium-range predictability of their phase far exceeding the limit of around one week that is usually quoted. The tropical-extratropical lagged relationship is asymmetrical. Positive NAO events mostly respond to a mid-latitude low-frequency wave train initiated by the MJO in the western-central tropical Pacific and propagating eastwards. Precursors for negative NAO events are found in the eastern tropical Pacific-western Atlantic, leading to changes along the North Atlantic storm track. Wave-breaking diagnostics tend to support the MJO preconditioning and the role of transient eddies in setting the phase of the NAO. I present a simple statistical model to quantitatively assess the potential predictability of the daily NAO index or the sign of the NAO regimes when they occur. Forecasts are successful in approximately 70 per cent of the cases based on the knowledge of the previous approximately 12-day MJO phase used as a predictor. This promising skill could be of importance considering the tight link between weather regimes and both mean conditions and the chances of extreme events occurring over Europe. These findings are useful for further stressing the need to better simulate and forecast the tropical

Síndrome hemolítico-urêmica relacionada à infecção invasiva pelo Streptococcus pneumoniae Hemolytic-uremic syndrome complicating invasive pneumococcal disease

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Anna Leticia de O. Cestari

2008-03-01

Full Text Available OBJETIVO: A doença pneumocócica é importante problema de saúde pública e raramente há associação desta infecção com a síndrome hemolítico-urêmica (SHU grave. O objetivo deste artigo é relatar o caso de um paciente com esta associação. DESCRIÇÃO DO CASO: Criança do sexo masculino, com 17 meses de idade, admitida no hospital com insuficiência respiratória aguda e necessitando de suporte ventilatório. O exame radiológico mostrava extensa opacidade homogênea em hemitórax direito. A hemocultura foi positiva para Streptococcus pneumoniae. Nos exames de admissão, notaram-se: hemoglobina de 6,5g/dL, 38.000 plaquetas/mm³, uréia de 79mg/dL e creatinina de 1,64mg/dL. No primeiro dia, apresentou oligoanúria e hipervolemia, necessitando de hemodiafiltração. Evoluiu com disfunção de múltiplos órgãos e óbito no sétimo dia. A necrópsia mostrou áreas extensas de necrose cortical e tubular renal, com depósito de fibrina nas arteríolas. COMENTÁRIOS: A SHU associada ao pneumococo apresenta morbidade e mortalidade elevadas. Em crianças com doença pneumocócica invasiva e acometimento hematológico ou renal grave, deve-se estar atento a esta rara complicação. Merecem investigação os seguintes aspectos relacionados à doença: a função da detecção precoce de antígenos T ativados no diagnóstico e terapêutica, o papel do fator H na patogênese, o método ideal de substituição renal e a definição do prognóstico em longo prazo.OBJECTIVE: Pneumococcal diseases are a major public health problem. Severe hemolytic-uremic syndrome is an uncommon complication. The aim of this study is to report a child with this complication. CASE DESCRIPTION: A male child with 17 months old was admitted to the hospital, due to acute respiratory failure, needing ventilatory support. Roentgenogram demonstrated massive condensation of right lung and Streptococcus pneumonia was isolated from blood cultures. Laboratory tests showed

The effect of soft-laser (diodes radiation on wound healing in cats

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Julia Maria Matera

1994-03-01

Full Text Available Verificou-se o valor do emprego do laser diodo Ga-As-SHLD para auxiliar o processo de cicatrizarão cutânea em felinos. Utilizaram-se 21 animais que foram submetidos à ovariohisterectomia, 9 pertencendo ao grupo controle e 12 submetidos à laserterapia. Os exames anatomopatológicos foram realizados nos dias 2, 4 e 8 de pós-operatório, juntamente com avaliação macroscópica. Concluiu-se que a aplicação do laser diodo Ga-As-SHLD auxiliou o processo cicatricial da ferida cirúrgica por aumento de resistência à tensão.

Altered Na+ transport after an intracellular alpha-subunit deletion reveals strict external sequential release of Na+ from the Na/K pump.

Science.gov (United States)

Yaragatupalli, Siddhartha; Olivera, J Fernando; Gatto, Craig; Artigas, Pablo

2009-09-08

The Na/K pump actively exports 3 Na(+) in exchange for 2 K(+) across the plasmalemma of animal cells. As in other P-type ATPases, pump function is more effective when the relative affinity for transported ions is altered as the ion binding sites alternate between opposite sides of the membrane. Deletion of the five C-terminal residues from the alpha-subunit diminishes internal Na(+) (Na(i)(+)) affinity approximately 25-fold [Morth et al. (2007) Nature 450:1043-1049]. Because external Na(+) (Na(o)(+)) binding is voltage-dependent, we studied the reactions involving this process by using two-electrode and inside-out patch voltage clamp in normal and truncated (DeltaKESYY) Xenopus-alpha1 pumps expressed in oocytes. We observed that DeltaKESYY (i) decreased both Na(o)(+) and Na(i)(+) apparent affinities in the absence of K(o)(+), and (ii) did not affect apparent Na(o)(+) affinity at high K(o)(+). These results support a model of strict sequential external release of Na(+) ions, where the Na(+)-exclusive site releases Na(+) before the sites shared with K(+) and the DeltaKESYY deletion only reduces Na(o)(+) affinity at the shared sites. Moreover, at nonsaturating K(o)(+), DeltaKESYY induced an inward flow of Na(+) through Na/K pumps at negative potentials. Guanidinium(+) can also permeate truncated pumps, whereas N-methyl-D-glucamine cannot. Because guanidinium(o)(+) can also traverse normal Na/K pumps in the absence of both Na(o)(+) and K(o)(+) and can also inhibit Na/K pump currents in a Na(+)-like voltage-dependent manner, we conclude that the normal pathway transited by the first externally released Na(+) is large enough to accommodate guanidinium(+).

The impact of Arctic and North Atlantic oscillation on temperature and precipitation anomalies in Serbia

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Pavlović-Berdon Nada

2012-01-01

Full Text Available The impact of the Arctic Oscillations (AO and the North Atlantic Oscillations (NAO is considered as the most prominent of atmospheric oscillations in the area of the northern hemisphere from the United States to Siberia and from the Arctic to the subtropical Atlantic. The aim of this study was to determine how these fluctuations affect the temperature and precipitation in Serbia. This paper explores the impact for the period of 50 years (1958-2007 by months and in 20 synoptic stations. The influence of the AO on temperature anomalies in Serbia can be seen by the correlation coefficient, the largest in the month of January, while its impact on precipitation is the largest in the month of February. After the test of linear correlation between the NAO index and temperature anomalies for the base period 1971-2000 for 20 synoptic stations in Serbia, it has been found that the highest correlation is in the month of January. The correlation between the NAO and the precipitation anomalies for the stations mentioned above is the highest in the month of February. Spatial patterns of the AO and the NAO influence on temperature in January and on precipitation in February were obtained by applying principal component analysis.

Climate Variability Reveals Complex Events for Tularemia Dynamics in Man and Mammals

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Thomas R. Palo

2005-06-01

Full Text Available Tularemia is caused by the bacterium Francisella tularensis, but the natural reservoir is unknown and environmental conditions for outbreaks in mammals and man are poorly understood. The present study analyzed the synchrony between the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO index, the number of human cases of tularemia reported in Sweden, and the density of hares. Climate variation at a lag of 2 yr explained as a single factor ~ 27% of the variation in the number of tularemia cases over time. A low NAO index, indicating cold winters, and low water flow in rivers during the coming summer were associated with high numbers of human cases of tularemia 2 yr later. The number of mountain hares was not related to NAO or to the number of cases of tularemia. The change in mountain hare numbers was negatively associated with the number of human cases, showing the sensitivity of this species to the disease. Low turnover in water environments may at some point in time trigger a chain of events leading to increased replication of F. tularensis via unknown reservoirs and/or vectors that affect humans and mammals. A possible increase in the NAO index with a future warmer climate would not be expected to facilitate a higher frequency of tularemia outbreaks in Sweden.

The Anomalous Winter of 1783-1784: Was the Laki Eruption or an Analog of the 2009-2010 Winter to Blame?

Science.gov (United States)

D'Arrigo, Rosanne; Seager, Richard; Smerdon, Jason E.; LeGrande, Allegra N.; Cook, Edward R.

2011-01-01

The multi ]stage eruption of the Icelandic volcano Laki beginning in June, 1783 is speculated to have caused unusual dry fog and heat in western Europe and cold in North America during the 1783 summer, and record cold and snow the subsequent winter across the circum-North Atlantic. Despite the many indisputable impacts of the Laki eruption, however, its effect on climate, particularly during the 1783.1784 winter, may be the most poorly constrained. Here we test an alternative explanation for the unusual conditions during this time: that they were caused primarily by a combined negative phase of the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) and an El Nino ]Southern Oscillation (ENSO) warm event. A similar combination of NAO ]ENSO phases was identified as the cause of record cold and snowy conditions during the 2009.2010 winter in Europe and eastern North America. 600-year tree-ring reconstructions of NAO and ENSO indices reveal values in the 1783.1784 winter second only to their combined severity in 2009.2010. Data sources and model simulations support our hypothesis that a combined, negative NAO ]ENSO warm phase was the dominant cause of the anomalous winter of 1783.1784, and that these events likely resulted from natural variability unconnected to Laki.

Slow walking model for children with multiple disabilities via an application of humanoid robot

Science.gov (United States)

Wang, ZeFeng; Peyrodie, Laurent; Cao, Hua; Agnani, Olivier; Watelain, Eric; Wang, HaoPing

2016-02-01

Walk training research with children having multiple disabilities is presented. Orthosis aid in walking for children with multiple disabilities such as Cerebral Palsy continues to be a clinical and technological challenge. In order to reduce pain and improve treatment strategies, an intermediate structure - humanoid robot NAO - is proposed as an assay platform to study walking training models, to be transferred to future special exoskeletons for children. A suitable and stable walking model is proposed for walk training. It would be simulated and tested on NAO. This comparative study of zero moment point (ZMP) supports polygons and energy consumption validates the model as more stable than the conventional NAO. Accordingly direction variation of the center of mass and the slopes of linear regression knee/ankle angles, the Slow Walk model faithfully emulates the gait pattern of children.

Na3Tb(PO4)2: Synthesis, crystal structure and greenish emitting properties

Science.gov (United States)

Zhao, Dan; Ma, Zhao; Liu, Bao-Zhong; Zhang, Rui-Juan; Wu, Zhi-Qiang; Wang, Jian; Duan, Pei-Gao

2018-03-01

A anhydrous orthoborate Na3Tb(PO4)2 has been prepared and its crystal structure was determined by X-Ray diffraction of a non-merohedral twinned single crystal. The results show that the compound crystallizes in monoclinic space group C2/c and the structure features a 3D framework containing PO4, NaO6, NaO7, NaO8 and TbO8 polyhedra. Under near-UV excitation (370 nm), Na3Tb(PO4)2 shows intense characteristic emission bands of Tb3+ (490 nm, 543 nm, 585 nm and 620 nm) with the CIE coordinate of (0.3062, 0.5901), corresponding to greenish color. The excitation spectrum covers a wide range from 340 nm to 390 nm, which indicates that phosphor Na3Tb(PO4)2 can be efficiently activated by near-UV LED ship.

Frontoplastia mini-invasiva Mini-invasive forehead-plasty

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A. Fuente del Campo

2009-06-01

Full Text Available Una de las causas mas importantes de la flacidez y caída de la piel y de las partes blandas de la cara es la disminución del volumen de su estructura esquelética. Un factor fundamental en la restauración del envejecimiento facial seria el poder recuperar este volumen. Dado que en la actualidad no se cuenta con un recurso efectivo para recuperar el volumen óseo, lo indicado es restaurar la relación entre las partes blandas y el volumen óseo vigente. Esta es la meta mas importante de la ritidectomía subperióstica. Con una vasta experiencia en este método y buscando minimizar las cicatrices resultantes, hemos desarrollado el enfoque mini-invasivo de este procedimiento de restauración facial. En el presente trabajo describimos la aplicación de nuestro procedimiento para la restauración de la región frontal. Desde 1998 hemos realizado este procedimiento, con diversas combinaciones y variantes y dependiendo de las necesidades de cada caso, en un total de 521 pacientes: 419 mujeres y 102 hombres de edades comprendidas entre los 45 y los 73 años. Planteamos las metas y describimos los medios para realizar este procedimiento por vía frontal, transpalpebral y combinando ambas vías, a la vez que damos orientación para lograr los objetivos del procedimiento y evitar complicaciones basándonos en la Anatomía Quirúrgica. Referimos los procedimientos auxiliares que se pueden asociar a este método y describimos los detalles del manejo postoperatorio. Los resultados obtenidos han sido en general muy satisfactorios tanto para los pacientes como para el cirujano. Mencionamos también las complicaciones observadas. En conclusión, describimos las observaciones resultantes de nuestra experiencia con este método a lo largo de 10 años, con resultados tan buenos o mejores que con la ritidectomía subperióstica abierta y el porqué es actualmente nuestro procedimiento de elección.The reduction of the bony structure of the face is the main reason of the flabbiness and fall of the facial soft tissues. Because we do not have already recourses to restore the lost bony volume, a good possibility is to reestablish a good relationship between the soft tissues and the present bony volume. Based on this principle we have developed the procedure of mini-invasive subperiosteal facial restoration. In this paper we described the application of this procedure to restore the frontal region. Since 1998 we have done this procedure with several variants and combinations according with the needs of each particular case, on 521 patients: 419 females and 102 males, from 45 to 73 years old. The maneuvers and instrumentation used to perform this procedure through frontal, palpebral or combining both approaches are described. Based on the Surgical Anatomy, orientation and advices to reach the goals of the procedure and to avoid complications are given. The ancillary procedures, which could be associated to this procedure, are described as well as the details of the post-op care. The observed complications are mentioned and a summary of the results obtained, which have been very satisfactory for the patients and the surgeon, is done. As a conclusion, the observations from our experience with this method along 10 years and the reasons because this is our first choice procedure, are exposed.

Aspergilosis pulmonar invasiva: reporte de un caso

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Sonia M. Restrepo-Gualteros

2015-06-01

Ante la presencia de síntomas respiratorios en pacientes pediátricos con enfermedades hematológicas que cursen con neutropenia febril, es indispensable considerar como agentes etiológicos los hongos, entre los cuales Aspergillus spp. se presenta frecuentemente causando diferentes síndromes clínicos.

Analysis of a high-resolution regional climate simulation for Alpine temperature. Validation and influence of the NAO

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Proemmel, K. [GKSS-Forschungszentrum Geesthacht GmbH (Germany). Inst. fuer Kuestenforschung

2008-11-06

elevations reaches -3.5 K, whereas by applying a monthly varying lapse rate based on the station data it reaches only about -1 K. The comparison of the REMO simulation and ERA40 reanalysis shows that the added value of the former varies between seasons and regions. In some regions it also depends on the selection of stations used for the validation. Robust features include a better performance of REMO in the inner Alpine subregions, where the orography is most complex. The lack of consistent value added by REMO in this hindcast setup may be partly explicable by the fact that meteorological measurements are assimilated in the ERA40 reanalysis but not in the REMO simulation. As the higher resolution leads to an added value in the simulation of temperature, at least in the most complex areas, the question is addressed whether it also leads to more detailed structures in the temperature response to circulation variability. In this study the temperature response to the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) with its strong influence on European winter climate is analysed over the GAR by using a very dense homogenised station dataset (HISTALP and stations from Austrian and Swiss weather services), the high-resolution simulation (for information in areas, where no station data are available) and the reanalysis. In earlier studies only a few individual stations or gridded data not higher resolved than 1 were used. The temperature signals based on the station data and based on the model data have very similar patterns and are in agreement with the European-wide pattern. The highly resolved model data show an additional clear small-scale pattern with a strong signal south of the main Alpine ridge potentially caused by the foehn effect. This small-scale structure is not visible in the reanalysis due to the coarser resolution and was also not found in previous studies based on both station and model data for the same reason. (orig.)

Postoperative chest physical therapy prevents respiratory complications in patients undergoing esophagectomy Fisioterapia respiratória pós-operatória previne complicações respiratórias em pacientes submetidos à esofagectomia

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Adriana C. Lunardi

2011-04-01

grupos de pacientes submetidos à esofagectomia, tendo um recebido fisioterapia respiratória e o outro não. MÉTODOS: Setenta pacientes consecutivos (nenhuma exclusão foram avaliados retrospectivamente e divididos em dois grupos: controle (GC=sem fisioterapia; n=30 e fisioterapia respiratória (GFT; n=40. O PTG recebeu manobras para expansão pulmonar e higiene das vias aéreas. Nenhum deles foi submetido à ventilação não-invasiva ou a exercícios com pressão positiva. Todos os pacientes foram orientados à mobilização ativa, progressiva e precoce. Foram coletadas informações sobre o perioperatório e complicações respiratórias. A frequência de complicações respiratórias entre os grupos foi analisada pelo teste z, considerando p0,05. Nossos resultados mostram que pacientes que receberam fisioterapia respiratória após a esofagectomia tiveram uma frequência menor de complicações respiratórias (15% vs. 37%, p<0,05. O PTG precisou de menos tempo de antibioticoterapia e de drenagem torácica, assim como teve menos reintubação, comparado com o controle (p<0,05. CONCLUSÕES: Os resultados sugerem que a fisioterapia respiratória após esofagectomia reduz as complicações respiratórias e a necessidade de cuidados clínicos, mas não reduz o tempo de hospitalização.

Atmospheric mechanisms governing the spatial and temporal variability of phenological phases in central Europe

Science.gov (United States)

Scheifinger, Helfried; Menzel, Annette; Koch, Elisabeth; Peter, Christian; Ahas, Rein

2002-11-01

A data set of 17 phenological phases from Germany, Austria, Switzerland and Slovenia spanning the time period from 1951 to 1998 has been made available for analysis together with a gridded temperature data set (1° × 1° grid) and the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) index time series. The disturbances of the westerlies constitute the main atmospheric source for the temporal variability of phenological events in Europe. The trend, the standard deviation and the discontinuity of the phenological time series at the end of the 1980s can, to a great extent, be explained by the NAO. A number of factors modulate the influence of the NAO in time and space. The seasonal northward shift of the westerlies overlaps with the sequence of phenological spring phases, thereby gradually reducing its influence on the temporal variability of phenological events with progression of spring (temporal loss of influence). This temporal process is reflected by a pronounced decrease in trend and standard deviation values and common variability with the NAO with increasing year-day. The reduced influence of the NAO with increasing distance from the Atlantic coast is not only apparent in studies based on the data set of the International Phenological Gardens, but also in the data set of this study with a smaller spatial extent (large-scale loss of influence). The common variance between phenological and NAO time series displays a discontinuous drop from the European Atlantic coast towards the Alps. On a local and regional scale, mountainous terrain reduces the influence of the large-scale atmospheric flow from the Atlantic via a proposed decoupling mechanism. Valleys in mountainous terrain have the inclination to harbour temperature inversions over extended periods of time during the cold season, which isolate the valley climate from the large-scale atmospheric flow at higher altitudes. Most phenological stations reside at valley bottoms and are thus largely decoupled in their temporal

Clinical evaluation of the immediate effectiveness of GaAIAs laser on the therapy of dentin hypersensitivity Avaliação clínica da eficácia imediata do laser de GaAIAs na terapia da sensibilidade dentinária

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Márcia Sepúlveda Noya

2004-12-01

Full Text Available The aim of the present study was to determine the effectiveness of GaAlAs laser therapy with lambda670nm laser on the treatment of dentin hypersensitivity. Thirty-two intact human teeth were evaluated, the sensitivity of which to thermal (cold water, mechanical (probe and evaporative (air stimuli was recorded before and immediately after irradiation. Whenever desensitization was not observed after the first application, the patient was scheduled for a maximum of three further applications at 4-day intervals. The results demonstrated that laser therapy yielded a statistically significant reduction (pO objetivo deste trabalho foi realizar um estudo clinico para avaliar a eficácia da laserterapia com laser de lambda670nm no tratamento da sensibilidade dentinária. Foram avaliados 32 dentes íntegros cuja sensibilidade a estímulo térmico, tátil e evaporativo foi registrada antes e após irradiação. Quando não era evidenciada dessensibilização após a primeira sessão de irradiação, o paciente era agendado para novas aplicações, máximo de três sessões, sempre com intervalos de quatro dias. De acordo com os resultados a laserterapia promoveu uma redução estatisticamente significante (p< 0,05 da sensibilidade dentinária para os três estímulos analisados. De acordo com os resultados obtidos com a utilização do laser de GaAlAs foi necessária apenas uma sessão terapêutica para os estímulos sonda e térmico, embora tenham sido necessárias duas sessões para conseguir-se redução da sensibilidade ao estímulo evaporativo.

Finding of No Significant Impact, Skiffes Creek Federal Navigation Channel Maintenance Dredging, Joint Base Langley-Eustis, Fort Eustis, Virginia

Science.gov (United States)

2014-06-06

National Marine Fisheries Service Habitat Conservation District 904 South Morris Street Oxford, MD 21654 Dear Mr. Goodger: The U.S. Army...Nadal, Teresita I NAO From: Nadal, Teresita I NAO Sent: Tuesday , February 04, 2014 2:10 PM To: ’David.L.O’Brien@noaa.gov’ Subject: Skiffes Creek EFH...Noaa.gov). Sincerely, DanielS. Morris Acting Regional Administrator File Code: H:\\S7ST1Section 7\\Non-Fisheries\\ACOE\\Infonnal\\20 I2\\Norfolk District

Evaluation of the Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation Impact on Large-Scale Atmospheric Circulation in the Atlantic Region in Summer

Science.gov (United States)

Semenov, V. A.; Cherenkova, E. A.

2018-02-01

The influence of the Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation (AMO) on large-scale atmospheric circulation in the Atlantic region in summer for the period of 1950-2015 is investigated. It is shown that the intensification of the summer North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) with significant changes in sea level pressure anomalies in the main centers of action (over Greenland and the British Isles) occurred while the North Atlantic was cooler. Sea surface temperature anomalies, which are linked to the AMO in the summer season, affect both the NAO index and fluctuations of the Eastern Atlantic/Western Russia (EAWR) centers of action. The positive (negative) phase of the AMO is characterized by a combination of negative (positive) values of the NAO and EAWR indices. The dominance of the opposite phases of the teleconnection indices in summer during the warm North Atlantic and in its colder period resulted in differences in the regional climate in Europe.

Modeling of atmospheric circulation at mid- and high latitudes of the northern hemisphere - evaluation studies using ARPEGE

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Song, Yongjia

2007-03-15

In the present thesis the author evaluate experiments with the atmospheric part of BCM (Bergen climate model), named ARPEGE, performed for present day climate during the last 50 years. The objectives have been to evaluate the ability of ARPEGE to simulate the general circulation at mid- and high northern latitudes in winter. Particular emphasis is put on the dependence of systematic errors on the horizontal resolution in the model, the climatology and variability of storm tracks, the poleward energy transport and the North Atlantic winter circulation expressed by the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO; e.g. Hurrell 1995). In addition, use of ARPEGE for downscaling purposes has been evaluated. The work on storm tracks, poleward energy transport and the variability of the NAO include pure observational studies, mainly based on reanalyses, bringing forward new knowledge on extratropical storm tracks, heat transport variations and links between Eurasian snow cover and wintertime NAO

Internal variability in a 1000-yr control simulation with the coupled climate model ECHO-G - II. El Nino Southern Oscillation and North Atlantic Oscillation

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Min, Seung-Ki; Hense, Andreas [Univ. of Bonn (Germany). Meteorological Inst.; Legutke, Stephanie [Max Planck Inst. for Meteorology, Hamburg (Germany); Kwon, Won-Tae [Meteorological Research Inst., Seoul (Korea, Republic of)

2005-08-01

A 1000-yr control simulation (CTL) performed with the atmosphere-ocean global climate model ECHO-G is analysed with regard to the El Nino Southern Oscillation (ENSO) and North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO), the two major natural climatic variabilities, in comparison with observations and other model simulations. The ENSO-related sea surface temperature climate and its seasonal cycle in the tropical Pacific and a single Intertropical Convergence Zone in the eastern tropical Pacific are simulated reasonably, and the ENSO phase-locking to the annual cycle and the subsurface ocean behaviour related to equatorial wave dynamics are also reproduced well. The simulated amplitude of the ENSO signal is however too large and its occurrence is too regular and frequent. Also, the observed westward propagation of zonal wind stress over the equatorial Pacific is not captured by the model. Nevertheless, the ENSO-related teleconnection patterns of near-surface temperature (T2m), precipitation (PCP) and mean sea level pressure (MSLP) are reproduced realistically. The NAO index, defined as the MSLP difference between Gibraltar and Iceland, has a 'white' noise spectrum similar to that of the detrended index obtained from observed data. The correlation and regression patterns of T2m, PCP and MSLP with the NAO index are also successfully simulated. However, the model overestimates the warming over the North Pacific in the high index phase of the NAO, a feature it shares with other coupled models. This might be associated with an enhanced Atlantic/Pacific teleconnection, which is hardly seen in the observations. A detection analysis of the NAO index shows that the observed recent 4060 yr trend cannot be explained by the model's internal variability while the recent 2030 yr trend occurs with a more than 1% chance in ECHO-G CTL.

European Wintertime Windstorms and its Links to Large-Scale Variability Modes

Science.gov (United States)

Befort, D. J.; Wild, S.; Walz, M. A.; Knight, J. R.; Lockwood, J. F.; Thornton, H. E.; Hermanson, L.; Bett, P.; Weisheimer, A.; Leckebusch, G. C.

2017-12-01

Winter storms associated with extreme wind speeds and heavy precipitation are the most costly natural hazard in several European countries. Improved understanding and seasonal forecast skill of winter storms will thus help society, policy-makers and (re-) insurance industry to be better prepared for such events. We firstly assess the ability to represent extra-tropical windstorms over the Northern Hemisphere of three seasonal forecast ensemble suites: ECMWF System3, ECMWF System4 and GloSea5. Our results show significant skill for inter-annual variability of windstorm frequency over parts of Europe in two of these forecast suites (ECMWF-S4 and GloSea5) indicating the potential use of current seasonal forecast systems. In a regression model we further derive windstorm variability using the forecasted NAO from the seasonal model suites thus estimating the suitability of the NAO as the only predictor. We find that the NAO as the main large-scale mode over Europe can explain some of the achieved skill and is therefore an important source of variability in the seasonal models. However, our results show that the regression model fails to reproduce the skill level of the directly forecast windstorm frequency over large areas of central Europe. This suggests that the seasonal models also capture other sources of variability/predictability of windstorms than the NAO. In order to investigate which other large-scale variability modes steer the interannual variability of windstorms we develop a statistical model using a Poisson GLM. We find that the Scandinavian Pattern (SCA) in fact explains a larger amount of variability for Central Europe during the 20th century than the NAO. This statistical model is able to skilfully reproduce the interannual variability of windstorm frequency especially for the British Isles and Central Europe with correlations up to 0.8.

Permeabilidad a medio-largo plazo de los injertos arteriales compuestos en cirugía cardíaca de revascularización miocárdica

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Pilar Losada-Mora

2014-10-01

No encontramos diferencias entre la utilización de arteria mamaria derecha y la arteria radial en términos de permeabilidad. La angio-TAC coronaria es una técnica segura y factible, permitiendo el estudio de la permeabilidad del injerto de forma no invasiva.

EVIDÊNCIAS CIENTIFICAS SOBRE O USO DA ESPECTROSCOPIA RAMAN CONFOCAL IN VIVO NA PELE HUMANA

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Aline Campos Pereira

2017-04-01

Full Text Available A Espectroscopia Raman Confocal (ERC é uma técnica totalmente não invasiva, eficaz na caracterização em tempo real dos arranjos químicos dos tecidos biológicos vivos. Com isso, o objetivo desse trabalho é destacar as pesquisas com uso da ERC. Foram selecionados e analisados das bases de dados: PubMed e Web of Science: 18 artigos científicos. Foram apresentados em dois quadros, obedecendo a ordem: nome dos autores, ano, revista, número de participantes, região espectral, tipo de sistema Raman Confocal, tipo e potência dos lasers. Todos os artigos reportados neste trabalham ressaltam que a ERC trata se de uma ferramenta valiosa, a qual fornece dados confiáveis. Conclui-se que existem poucos estudos científicos utilizando a ERC na pele humana, principalmente in vivo, apesar de fornecer informações em diferentes profundidades e obter dados com uma metodologia totalmente invasiva.

Rb2Na(NO33: A Congruently Melting UV-NLO Crystal with a Very Strong Second-Harmonic Generation Response

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Guohong Zou

2016-04-01

Full Text Available Crystals of congruently melting noncentrosymmetric (NCS mixed alkali metal nitrate, Rb2Na(NO33, have been grown through solid state reactions. The material possesses layers with NaO8 hexagonal bipyramids and NO3 triangular units. Rb+ cations are residing in the interlayer space. Each NaO8 hexagonal bipyramid shares its corners and edges with two and three NO3 units, respectively, in order to fulfill a highly dense stacking in the unit cell. The NaO8 groups share their six oxygen atoms in equatorial positions with three different NO3 groups to generate a NaO6-NO3 layer with a parallel alignment. The optimized arrangement of the NO3 groups and their high density in the structure together produce a strong second-harmonic generation (SHG response. Powder SHG measurements indicate that Rb2Na(NO33 has a strong SHG efficiency of five times that of KH2PO4 (KDP and is type I phase-matchable. The calculated average nonlinear optical (NLO susceptibility of Rb2Na(NO33 turns out to be the largest value among the NLO materials composed of only [NO3]− anion. In addition, Rb2Na(NO33 exhibits a wide transparency region ranging from UV to near IR, which suggests that the compound is a promising NLO material.

Great discoveries of milk for a healthy diet and a healthy life Grandes descobertas do leite para uma dieta e vida saudáveis

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Donald L. Palmquist

2010-07-01

Full Text Available Extensive research in recent years has shown that consumption of milk and dairy products, promotes cardiovascular health, reduces symptoms of the metabolic syndrome in obese individuals, promotes weight loss while maintaining body muscle mass and reduces incidence of some cancers. Detailed analysis of prospective studies in large Western populations over long periods of time demonstrates that higher consumption of dairy products provides an overall survival advantage.Nos últimos anos, inúmeras pesquisas têm mostrado que o consumo de leite e produtos lácteos melhora a saúde cardiovascular, reduz os sintomas da síndrome metabólica em indivíduos obesos, promove a perda de peso, enquanto mantém a massa muscular do corpo, e reduz a incidência de alguns tipos de câncer. A análise detalhada de estudos prospectivos em grandes populações ocidentais durante longos períodos de tempo demonstra que maior consumo de produtos lácteos proporciona uma vantagem de sobrevida global.

Concepção e avaliação de concentradores solares do tipo disco e lente de fresnel para dessalinização de água

OpenAIRE

Prado, Gustavo Otero

2015-01-01

O Sol e a principal fonte de energia da Terra. Sua capacidade energetica pode ser considerada inesgotavel, nao produz residuos e possui alocacao adaptavel. Tambem de forma abundante, a agua salgada e disponibilizada no planeta cobrindo a maior parte da superficie terrestre. No entanto, hoje, mais de um bilhao de pessoas em todo o mundo nao tem acesso a agua limpa. Neste cenario, a obtencao de agua potavel pelo processamento de aguas salgadas torna-se fundamental. Logo, esse trabalho teve c...

Estado actual de la viscosuplementación con ácido hialurónico en el tratamiento de los trastornos temporomandibulares: revisión sistemática

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Oscar Gabriel Castaño-Joaqui

2017-10-01

Conclusiones: Debido al riesgo de sesgo elevado son necesarios estudios con un mejor diseño metodológico que aporten datos más fiables para la cirugía mínimamente invasiva de la articulación temporomandibular más ácido hialurónico.

The Relationship Between Extratropical Cyclone Steering and Blocking Along the North American East Coast

Science.gov (United States)

Booth, James F.; Dunn-Sigouin, Etienne; Pfahl, Stephan

2017-12-01

The path and speed of extratropical cyclones along the east coast of North America influence their societal impact. This work characterizes the climatological relationship between cyclone track path and speed, and blocking and the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO). An analysis of Lagrangian cyclone track propagation speed and angle shows that the percentage of cyclones with blocks is larger for cyclones that propagate northward or southeastward, as is the size of the blocked region near the cyclone. Cyclone-centered composites show that propagation of cyclones relative to blocks is consistent with steering by the block: northward tracks more often have a block east/northeast of the cyclone; slow tracks tend to have blocks due north of the cyclone. Comparison with the NAO shows that to first-order blocking and the NAO steer cyclones in a similar manner. However, blocked cyclones are more likely to propagate northward, increasing the likelihood of cyclone related impacts.

Modulation of extreme temperatures in Europe under extreme values of the North Atlantic Oscillation Index.

Science.gov (United States)

Beniston, Martin

2018-03-10

This paper reports on the influence that extreme values in the tails of the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) Index probability density function (PDF) can exert on temperatures in Europe. When the NAO Index enters into its lowest (10% quantile or less) and highest (90% quantile or higher) modes, European temperatures often exhibit large negative or positive departures from their mean values, respectively. Analyses of the joint quantiles of the Index and temperatures (i.e., the simultaneous exceedance of particular quantile thresholds by the two variables) show that temperatures enter into the upper or lower tails of their PDF when the NAO Index also enters into its extreme tails, more often that could be expected from random statistics. Studies of this nature help further our understanding of the manner by which mechanisms of decadal-scale climate variability can influence extremes of temperature-and thus perhaps improve the forecasting of extreme temperatures in weather and climate models. © 2018 New York Academy of Sciences.

The combined influence of the main European circulation patterns on carbon uptake by ecosystems

Science.gov (United States)

Bastos, Ana; Gouveia, Célia; Trigo, Ricardo

2014-05-01

Understanding how natural climate variability affects carbon uptake by land and ocean pools is particularly relevant to better characterize human impact on the carbon cycle. Recently, we have contributed to assess the major role played by the El-Niño/Southern Oscillation in driving inter-annual variability (IAV) of carbon uptake by land ecosystems and significantly influencing global CO2 air-borne fraction [1]. Despite the prominent role played by ENSO, other important teleconnections on the hemispheric scale have deserved less attention. On the European scale, the main mode of variability is the North-Atlantic Oscillation (NAO), which controls storm tracks position and drives changes in temperature and precipitation over the whole region, affecting vegetation dynamics [2]. Besides NAO, a few additional large scale circulation patterns the Scandinavian (SC) and East-Atlantic (EA) Patterns, are also known to influence significantly the European climate [3]. Different combinations of these teleconnection polarities have been recently shown to modulate the overall role of the NAO impact location and strength, thus affecting winter temperature and precipitation patterns over Europe [4]. This work aims to answer the following questions: (i) how do NAO, EA and SC affect vegetation carbon uptake IAV? (ii) do the interactions between these three modes have a significant impact on land CO2 IAV? (iii) what is the contribution of the different physical variables to ecosystems' response to these modes? (iv) how well do the state-of-the-art Earth System Models (ESMs) from CMIP5 represent these climate variability modes and the corresponding carbon fluxes? We first analyze observational data to assess the relationships between the different combinations of NAO, SC and EA polarities and IAV of gross and net primary production (GPP and NPP, respectively), as well as the most relevant driving factors of ecosystem's response to those variability patterns. Although the winter state

Protocolo clínico de atención en el recién nacido con síndrome de dificultad respiratoria

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D.A. Morales-Barquet

2015-12-01

Conclusiones: La sistematización del uso de ventilación no invasiva y surfactante pulmonar exógeno en los recién nacidos pretérmino con síndrome de dificultad respiratoria optimiza el uso del mismo y reduce la necesidad de ventilación mecánica.

Lesao óssea em leucemias agudas linfoblásticas tipo T e TIPO nao T / nao B

OpenAIRE

Martins, Fernando Lopes

2013-01-01

Resumo: O AUTOR APRESENTA OS RESULTADOS DO ESTUDO RADIOLÓGICO DE ESQUELETO DE 61 PACIENTES PORTADORES DE LEUCEMIA AGUDA LINFOBLÁSTICA, CORRELACIONANDO A PRESENÇA OU NÃO DE Lesões ÓSSEAS COM A CLASSIFICAÇÃO IMUNOLÓGICA DE LAL TIPO T E TIPO não T / não B

Latest Holocene Climate Variability revealed by a high-resolution multiple Proxy Record off Lisbon (Portugal)

Science.gov (United States)

Abrantes, F.; Lebreiro, S.; Ferreira, A.; Gil, I.; Jonsdottir, H.; Rodrigues, T.; Kissel, C.; Grimalt, J.

2003-04-01

The North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) is known to have a major influence on the wintertime climate of the Atlantic basin and surrounding countries, determining precipitation and wind conditions at mid-latitudes. A comparison of Hurrel's NAO index to the mean winter (January-March) discharge of the Iberian Tagus River reveals a good negative correlation to negative NAO, while the years of largest upwelling anomalies, as referred in the literature, appear to be in good agreement with positive NAO. On this basis, a better understanding of the long-term variability of the NAO and Atlantic climate variability can be gained from high-resolution climate records from the Lisbon area. Climate variability of the last 2,000 years is assessed through a multiple proxy study of sedimentary sequences recovered from the Tagus prodelta deposition center, off Lisbon (Western Iberia). Physical properties, XRF and magnetic properties from core logging, grain size, δ18O, TOC, CaCO3, total alkenones, n-alkanes, alkenone SST, diatoms, benthic and planktonic foraminiferal assemblage compositions and fluxes are the proxies employed. The age model for site D13902 is based on AMS C-14 dates from mollusc and planktonic foraminifera shells, the reservoir correction for which was obtained by dating 3 pre-bomb, mollusc shells from the study area. Preliminary results indicate a Little Ice Age (LIA - 1300 - 1600 AD) alkenone derived SSTs around 15 degC followed by a sharp and rapid increase towards 19 degC. In spite the strong variability observed for most records, this low temperature interval is marked by a general increase in organic carbon, total alkenone concentration, diatom and foraminiferal abundances, as well as an increase in the sediment fine fraction and XRF determined Fe content, pointing to important river input and higher productivity. The Medieval Warm Period (1080 - 1300 AD) is characterized by 17-18 degC SSTs, increased mean grain size, but lower magnetic susceptibility and Fe

Sodium Octanoate Modulates the Innate Immune Response of Bovine Mammary Epithelial Cells through the TLR2/P38/JNK/ERK1/2 Pathway: Implications during Staphylococcus aureus Internalization.

Science.gov (United States)

Alva-Murillo, Nayeli; Ochoa-Zarzosa, Alejandra; López-Meza, Joel E

2017-01-01

Bovine mammary epithelial cells (bMECs) contribute to mammary gland defense against invading pathogens, such as Staphylococcus aureus (intracellular facultative), which is recognized by TLR2. In a previous report, we showed that sodium octanoate [NaO, a medium chain fatty acid (C8)] induces (0.25 mM) or inhibits (1 mM) S. aureus internalization into bMECs and differentially regulates the innate immune response (IIR). However, the molecular mechanisms have not been described, which was the aim of this study. The results showed that α5β1 integrin membrane abundance (MA) was increased in 0.25 mM NaO-treated cells, but TLR2 or CD36 MA was not modified. When these receptors were blocked individually, 0.25 mM NaO-increased S. aureus internalization was notably reduced. Interestingly, in this condition, the IIR of the bMECs was impaired because MAPK (p38, JNK, and ERK1/2) phosphorylation and the activation of transcription factors related to these pathways were decreased. In addition, the 1 mM NaO treatment induced TLR2 MA, but neither the integrin nor CD36 MA was modified. The reduction in S. aureus internalization induced by 1 mM NaO was increased further when TLR2 was blocked. In addition, the phosphorylation levels of the MAPKs increased, and 13 transcriptional factors related to the IIR were slightly activated (CBF, CDP, c-Myb, AP-1, Ets-1/Pea-3, FAST-1, GAS/ISRE, AP-2, NFAT-1, OCT-1, RAR/DR-5, RXR/DR-1, and Stat-3). Moreover, the 1 mM NaO treatment up-regulated gene expression of IL-8 and RANTES and secretion of IL-1β. Notably, when 1 mM NaO-treated bMECs were challenged with S. aureus , the gene expression of IL-8 and IL-10 increased, while IL-1β secretion was reduced. In conclusion, our results showed that α5β1 integrin, TLR2 and CD36 are involved in 0.25 mM NaO-increased S. aureus internalization in bMECs. In addition, 1 mM NaO activates bMECs via the TLR2 signaling pathways (p38, JNK, and ERK1/2), which improves IIR before S. aureus invasion. Additionally

Impact of the North Atlantic Oscillation on the trans-Atlantic migrations of the European eel (Anguilla anguilla)

Science.gov (United States)

Kettle, A. James; Bakker, Dorothee C. E.; Haines, Keith

2008-09-01

Glass eel catches and FAO (Food and Agricultural Organization) landings of the European freshwater eel (Anguilla anguilla) show a decrease over the past 20 years. The long-term trends in the time series mask an interannual fluctuation, which becomes apparent on the application of a high-pass filter and autocorrelation analysis. Both the FAO landings and the glass eel catches show interannual fluctuations with a repeat period of 6-8 years, similar to the period of the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO). Most glass eel catch monitoring stations are in phase. The glass eel catches show a significant negative correlation with the NAO lagged by 0-2 years, consistent with the hypothesis that the positive NAO phase has an adverse impact on the larval survival in and migration from the Sargasso Sea spawning location, one year prior to the arrival of the glass eels in Europe and North Africa. The FAO landings can be divided into two groups of different phase that have an approximate correspondence to the NAO dipole in winter rainfall in Europe and North Africa. One group (P) comprises Denmark, Ireland, Morocco, Netherlands, Norway, Sweden, Tunisia, and the United Kingdom, and the other group (N) comprises France, Germany, Italy, Poland, Portugal, Spain, and Turkey. At least for the interannual fluctuations, the success of the glass eel fishery (and eel recruitment) may be coupled with the number of migrating silver eels from the N group of countries and uncoupled with the P group of countries.

Aplicações do laser de baixa intensidade no tratamento da síndrome do túnel do carpo - doi: 10.5102/ucs.v7i2.996

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João Paulo Caldas Cardozo

2010-06-01

Full Text Available O objetivo deste trabalho foi analisar, por meio de revisão bibliográfica, a eficiência da aplicação do Laser de baixa intensidade (LBI no tratamento da Síndrome do Túnel do Carpo (STC. Para isso foi realizada uma pesquisa de artigos nas bases de dados PUBMED e BIREME, publicados entre 1985 e 2009, nos idiomas espanhol, inglês e português. Grande parte dos artigos consultados revelou que a LBI é eficaz no tratamento de pacientes diagnosticados com Síndrome do Túnel do Carpo. Concluiu-se que, quando associada ao uso de órtese para o punho, a laserterapia é um método eficiente no tratamento da síndrome do túnel do carpo.

The role of salinity in the decadal variability of the North Atlantic meridional overturning circulation

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Frankignoul, Claude [Universite Pierre et Marie Curie, Paris 6, LOCEAN/IPSL, Paris Cedex 05 (France); Deshayes, Julie; Curry, Ruth [Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Woods Hole, MA (United States)

2009-11-15

An OGCM hindcast is used to investigate the linkages between North Atlantic Ocean salinity and circulation changes during 1963-2003. The focus is on the eastern subpolar region consisting of the Irminger Sea and the eastern North Atlantic where a careful assessment shows that the simulated interannual to decadal salinity changes in the upper 1,500 m reproduce well those derived from the available record of hydrographic measurements. In the model, the variability of the Atlantic meridional overturning circulation (MOC) is primarily driven by changes in deep water formation taking place in the Irminger Sea and, to a lesser extent, the Labrador Sea. Both are strongly influenced by the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO). The modeled interannual to decadal salinity changes in the subpolar basins are mostly controlled by circulation-driven anomalies of freshwater flux convergence, although surface salinity restoring to climatology and other boundary fluxes each account for approximately 25% of the variance. The NAO plays an important role: a positive NAO phase is associated with increased precipitation, reduced northward salt transport by the wind-driven intergyre gyre, and increased southward flows of freshwater across the Greenland-Scotland ridge. Since the NAO largely controlled deep convection in the subpolar gyre, fresher waters are found near the sinking region during convective events. This markedly differs from the active influence on the MOC that salinity exerts at decadal and longer timescales in most coupled models. The intensification of the MOC that follows a positive NAO phase by about 2 years does not lead to an increase in the northward salt transport into the subpolar domain at low frequencies because it is cancelled by the concomitant intensification of the subpolar gyre which shifts the subpolar front eastward and reduces the northward salt transport by the North Atlantic Current waters. This differs again from most coupled models, where the gyre

Winter NH low-frequency variability in a hierarchy of low-order stochastic dynamical models of earth-atmosphere system

Science.gov (United States)

Zhao, Nan

2018-02-01

The origin of winter Northern Hemispheric low-frequency variability (hereafter, LFV) is regarded to be related to the coupled earth-atmosphere system characterized by the interaction of the jet stream with mid-latitude mountain ranges. On the other hand, observed LFV usually appears as transitions among multiple planetary-scale flow regimes of Northern Hemisphere like NAO + , AO +, AO - and NAO - . Moreover, the interaction between synoptic-scale eddies and the planetary-scale disturbance is also inevitable in the origin of LFV. These raise a question regarding how to incorporate all these aspects into just one framework to demonstrate (1) a planetary-scale dynamics of interaction of the jet stream with mid-latitude mountain ranges can really produce LFV, (2) such a dynamics can be responsible for the existence of above multiple flow regimes, and (3) the role of interaction with eddy is also clarified. For this purpose, a hierarchy of low-order stochastic dynamical models of the coupled earth-atmosphere system derived empirically from different timescale ranges of indices of Arctic Oscillation (AO), North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO), Pacific/North American (PNA), and length of day (LOD) and related probability density function (PDF) analysis are employed in this study. The results seem to suggest that the origin of LFV cannot be understood completely within the planetary-scale dynamics of the interaction of the jet stream with mid-latitude mountain ranges, because (1) the existence of multiple flow regimes such as NAO+, AO+, AO- and NAO- resulted from processes with timescales much longer than LFV itself, which may have underlying dynamics other than topography-jet stream interaction, and (2) we find LFV seems not necessarily to come directly from the planetary-scale dynamics of the interaction of the jet stream with mid-latitude mountain, although it can produce similar oscillatory behavior. The feedback/forcing of synoptic-scale eddies on the planetary

Social robots in advanced dementia

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Meritxell eValentí Soler

2015-09-01

Full Text Available Aims: Testing the effect of the experimental robot-based therapeutic sessions for patients with dementia in: a controlled study of parallel groups of nursing home patients comparing the effects of therapy sessions utilizing a humanoid robot (NAO, an animal-shaped robot (PARO, or a trained dog (DOG, with conventional therapy (CONTROL on symptoms of dementia; and an experience for patients who attend a day care center, comparing symptom prevalence and severity before and after sessions utilizing NAO and PARO. Methods: In the nursing home, patients were randomly assigned by blocks, based on dementia severity, to one of the 3 therapeutic groups to compare: CONTROL, PARO and NAO (phase 1 and CONTROL, PARO and DOG (phase 2. In the day care center, all patients received therapy with NAO (phase 1 and PARO (phase 2. Therapy sessions were held 2 days/week for 3 months. Evaluation at baseline and follow-up was carried out by blind raters using: the Global Deterioration Scale (GDS, the Severe Mini Mental State Examination (sMMSE, the Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE, the Neuropsychiatric Inventory (NPI, the Apathy Scale for Institutionalized Patients with Dementia Nursing Home version (APADEM-NH, the Apathy Inventory (AI and the Quality of Life Scale (QUALID. Statistical analysis included descriptive statistics and non parametric tests performed by a blinded investigator. Results: In the nursing home, 101 patients (phase 1 and 110 patients (phase 2 were included. There were no significant differences at baseline. The relevant changes at follow-up were: (phase 1 patients in the robot groups showed an improvement in apathy; patients in NAO group showed a decline in cognition as measured by the MMSE scores, but not the sMMSE; the robot groups showed no significant changes between them; (phase 2 QUALID scores increased in the PARO group. In the day care center, 20 patients (phase 1 and 17 patients (phase 2 were included. The main findings were: (phase 1 imp

Suco de laranja reduz o colesterol em indivíduos normolipidêmicos

OpenAIRE

César,Thais Borges; Rodrigues,Layane Urzedo; Araújo,Milena Salomão Peres de; Aptekmann,Nancy Preising

2010-01-01

Objetivos Neste estudo foi investigado o efeito do consumo habitual de suco de laranja no perfil dos lípides e lipoproteínas em homens e mulheres normolipidêmicos. Métodos Todos os voluntários (n=29) consumiram 750mL/dia de suco de laranja durante 60 dias. Variáveis bioquímicas como perfil lipídico, apolipoproteínas, glicose, paraoxonase1 e o tamanho de HDL foram medidas antes e após o período de suplementação com suco de laranja. Também foram realizadas medidas antropométricas e inquéritos d...

Influencia del uso de una técnica menos invasiva que disminuye la aparición de complicaciones de la safenectomía en la cirugía de revascularización miocárdica Influence of the use of a less invasive technique that reduces the appearance of complications of safenectomy in myocardial revascularization surgery

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José L Ramírez

2007-12-01

Full Text Available Introducción: a pesar de sus limitaciones, la vena safena interna aún es el conducto más utilizado en cirugía de revascularización miocárdica. Sin embargo, las complicaciones del procedimiento de extracción de la vena constituyen un problema de gran magnitud en cuanto a morbilidad, estancia hospitalaria y costos de atención. Material y métodos: se presenta un ensayo clínico controlado, en el cual se evalúa una técnica menos invasiva para la extracción de la vena safena interna, en comparación con la técnica estándar de nuestra institución, para lo cual se tomaron 200 pacientes en el grupo de intervención y 400 pacientes en el grupo control. Resultados: la tasa de infección intrahospitalaria de la safenectomía en el grupo de intervención, fue del 0,5% en comparación con el 4% en el grupo control, lo que produce un valor de RR=0,125 con un intervalo de confianza del 95% de 0,016-0,916 sustancialmente menor en el grupo de estudio; el valor de RRA fue de 3,5% y el de NNT fue de 28, lo que indica que con esta técnica se evita una infección en cada 28 pacientes que van a cirugía. Además, se halló que los pacientes del grupo de intervención tienen una estancia hospitalaria significativamente menor que los controles; las medias fueron 7,39 ± 5,882 días para el grupo de intervención y 8,64 ± 8,55 días para el grupo control. Conclusiones: se puede concluir que la técnica de safenectomía menos invasiva es segura, y fácil de aprender, y ofrece una gran ventaja desde el punto de vista de la morbilidad asociada a la herida quirúrgica en las piernas.Background: The internal saphenous vein, despite all its limitations, remains the most used duct for myocardial revascularization. However, the complications regarding the extraction of the vein are a big problem in terms of morbidity, length of hospital stay and costs. Material and methods: We present a controlled clinical assay, evaluating a less invasive technique for

Dispositivos ventilatórios não invasivos em criança portadora de amiotrofia espinhal do tipo 1: relato de caso

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Paulo André Freire Magalhães

2015-12-01

Full Text Available Resumo Introdução: amiotrofia espinhal do tipo 1 (AME 1 é uma doença genética autossômica recessiva que promove morte celular de neurônios motores localizados no corno anterior da medula e núcleos motores do tronco cerebral. A precoce morbimortalidade está associada à disfunção bulbar e insuficiência respiratória, necessitando de internamento hospitalar e de suporte ventilatório artificial. O objetivo do estudo foi divulgar a relevância da manutenção de paciente com AME 1 sem prótese ventilatória invasiva e com protocolo de fisioterapia individualizado, proporcionando melhor qualidade de vida e integração com seus familiares. Descrição: relato de caso de menor diagnosticado com AME 1 que aos 11 meses foi submetido à ventilação mecânica invasiva (VMI por 76 dias, obtendo sucesso no desmame após aplicação de um protocolo de fisioterapia respiratória, incluindo a utilização de tosse mecanicamente assistida e ventilação não invasiva (VNI. Discussão: apesar das dificuldades e intercorrências observadas, a assistência proposta alcançou o objetivo de retirada da VMI e transferência para internação domiciliar com dispositivos ventilatórios não invasivos. A VMI por traqueostomia é considerada tratamento de eleição no Brasil, no entanto, as famílias precisam ser esclarecidas da irreversibilidade da doença e das possibilidades estratégicas das terapêuticas atuais (VMI, VNI e paliação para o manuseio de criança grave com AME 1.

Nuevas aplicaciones de las lentes de contacto

OpenAIRE

Blanco Menéndez, Patricia

2017-01-01

Revisión bibliográfica de los estudios para el seguimiento y monitorización de patologías de elevada prevalencia (glaucoma y diabetes mellitus) de una forma no invasiva y administración de fármacos mediante el uso de lentes de contacto. Grado en Optica y Optometría

Applications of the Preclinical Molecular Imaging in Biomedicine: Cardiology; Aplicaciones de la Imagen Molecular Preclínica en Biomedicina: Cardiología

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Collantes, M.; Peñuelas, I.

2014-07-01

Cardiovascular diseases remain the leading cause of death in industrialized countries. Imaging techniques using PET or SPECT radiotracers allow to examine noninvasively regional changes in myocardial perfusion, myocardial viability and innervation, as well as to study atheroma plaques that causes atherosclerosis. Preclinical studies using these techniques permit to characterize animal models that reproduce heart diseases, providing a noninvasive, serial and quantitative assessment of myocardial function and the effectiveness of new therapeutic approaches. [Spanish] Las enfermedades cardiovasculares constituyen la principal causa de muerte en los países industrializados. Las técnicas de imagen utilizando radiotrazadores de tipo PET o SPECT permiten examinar de manera no invasiva cambios regionales en la perfusión, viabilidad e innervación miocárdica, así como estudiar las placas de ateroma que causan la ateroesclerosis. Los estudios preclínicos utilizando esta técnicas permiten caracterizar los modelos animales que reproducen enfermedades cardiacas, proporcionando una evaluación no invasiva, seriada y cuantitativa de su función miocárdica y de la efectividad de nuevas aproximaciones terapéuticas.

Cooperation for Common Use of SEE Astronomical Database as a Regional Virtual Observatory in Different Scientific Projects

Science.gov (United States)

Pinigin, Gennady; Protsyuk, Yuri; Shulga, Alexander

The activity of scientific collaborative and co-operative research between South-Eastern European (SEE) observatories is enlarged in the last time. The creation of a common database as a regional virtual observatory is very desirable. The creation of astronomical information resource with a capability of interactive access to databases and telescopes on the base of the general astronomical database of the SEE countries is presented. This resource may be connected with the European network. A short description of the NAO database is presented. The total amount of the NAO information makes about 90 GB, the one obtained from other sources - about 15 GB. The mean diurnal level of the new astronomical information produced with the NAO CCD instruments makes from 300 MB up to 2 GB, depending on the purposes and conditions of observations. The majority of observational data is stored in FITS format. Possibility of using of VO-table format for displaying these data in the Internet is studied. Activities on development and the further refinement of storage, exchange and data processing standards are conducted.

The North Atlantic Oscillation and sea surface temperature affect loggerhead abundance around the Strait of Gibraltar

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José C. Báez

2011-04-01

Full Text Available The aim of this study was to explore the possible link between variations in the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO and sea surface temperature (SST and the abundance of loggerhead turtles around the Strait of Gibraltar, using stranding data for the Andalusian coastal area as a proxy for abundance. The annual average SST (from November to October in the Gulf of Cadiz was negatively associated with the total number of loggerhead strandings each year from November 1997 to October 2006 in the Gulf of Cadiz and the Alboran Sea. The average NAO index was positively associated with the number of strandings in the Gulf of Cadiz in the following year. Prevailing westerly winds during positive NAO phases and the subsequent delayed decrease in SST may lead to turtles from the west Atlantic accumulating in the Gulf of Cadiz and unsuccessfully attempting to return. Secondary causes, such as buoyancy, cold stunning, longline fisheries, net fisheries, debilitated turtle syndrome, and trauma may also increase the number of turtle strandings.

Inter-annual dynamics of the Barents Sea red king crab (Paralithodes camtschaticus) stock indices in relation to environmental factors

Science.gov (United States)

Dvoretsky, Alexander G.; Dvoretsky, Vladimir G.

2016-12-01

Knowledge of relationships between environmental variables and biological processes can greatly improve fisheries assessment and management in commercially important species. We analyzed the effects of environmental factors (climatic indices and water temperature) on the stock characteristics (total population number, number of pre-recruits and number of legal males) of the red king crab (Paralithodes camtschaticus), an introduced species in the Barents Sea. Stock trends in red king crab appear to be related to decadal climate shifts. Abundances were negatively related to the North Atlantic Oscillation index (NAO) in August and positively related to water temperature in late winter-early summer. Total and commercial stock abundance were negatively correlated with the lag-1 Arctic Oscillation index (AO) in August and the lag-2 winter NAO index. The total number of P. camtschaticus was most strongly associated with water temperature in spring and summer and NAO/AO indices in April and May. Lagged NAO indices in February and August (9 or 10 yr) had a positive relationship to the commercial stock of P. camtschaticus. These findings suggest that temperature conditions of current and previous year affect natural mortality of larvae and juvenile red king crabs. Warmer temperature conditions lead to increased biomass of red king crab food items. Negative correlations between climatic indices and the red king crab stocks may be associated with predator pressure on juvenile red king crabs or higher mortality because of predator or parasite pressure and diseases. The associations between stock indices and environmental variables could help better predict recruitment patterns of P. camtschaticus.

Hiatus in global warming - example of water temperature of the Danube River at Bogojevo gauge (Serbia

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Ducić Vladan

2015-01-01

Full Text Available The research included trends in water temperature of the Danube River at Bogojevo gauge and surface air temperature at the nearby meteorological station Sombor, as well as an analysis of the results obtained in relation to the claims of the existence of the hiatus in global air temperature increase in the period 1998-2012. In the period 1961-2013, there was a statistically significant increase in the mean annual water temperature (0.039°C/year, as well as all the average monthly values. However, with annual values for the period 1998-2013, there was a decrease. The longest periods of negative trend (27 years were recorded for January and February. A high correlation was found between the surface air temperature and water temperature for all monthly and seasonal values. In the mean annual air temperature the presence of the hiatus is not observed, but a negative trend is recorded in March (32 years, December (43 years and February (49 years. The highest correlations between water temperature and North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO, Arctic Oscillation (AO and Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation (AMO were obtained for the NAO in January (0.60, the AMO in autumn (0.52 and the NAO in winter (0.51. For surface air temperature, the highest correlations were registered for the AMO in summer (0.49 and the NAO in winter (0.42. The results indicate the dominant role of natural factors in the decrease of winter air temperature and water temperature of the Danube. [Projekat Ministarstva nauke Republike Srbije, br. III47007

Leitura de Heidegger - sobre o fundamento

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Miguel Antonio do Nascimento

2010-10-01

Full Text Available A questáo do fundamento traz a tona críticas a metafisica. No pensamento de Heidegger, esta questáo mostra que o ontológico náo se reduz as deterrninações metafisicas. Este fato como tal é que precisaria suscitar interesse e ser aprofundado. Criticas generalizadas e correntes a metafisica náo tomam isto como seu objetivo. .

Identifying the Climatic Conditions in Iraq by Tracking Down Cooling Events in the North Atlantic Ocean in the Period 3000–0 BC

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Muslih Khamis D.

2014-09-01

Full Text Available North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO, monthly averages of precipitation in the Baghdad station, and petrologic tracer proxy data for ocean properties in the North Atlantic (NA have been used in an attempt to identify climatic conditions in Iraq during the study period. The study showed that contemporary changes in precipitation in Iraq are associated with NAO, as a negative relationship is found between them. Moreover, the study found that there is a strong negative correlation between NAOI and SST in NA, where drift ice indices explain between 33–36% of the NAOI variability.

Probabilidade Indutiva e sua Relação com o Princí­pio de Casualidade

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Lia Maria Alcoforado de Melo

2010-10-01

Full Text Available A questao do estabelecimento de quais argumentos indutivos tem maior probabilidade de se aproximar mais da verdade, liga-se com maior intensidade aos raciocinios que envolvem generaliza<;oes humeanas. 0 principio de causalidade, suporte basico da legitimidade da indu<;ao cientifica, ediscutido neste trabalho a partir das obje¢es de HUME, a existencia de uma logica que garanta sua racionalidade. Objetivou-se construir uma arqumentacao justificativa que mostrasse que HUME nao prova atraves de sua teoria cetica, que 0 principio causal e irracional; muito embora que nao se tenha ainda conseguido, cornprova-lo como racional.

Osteosíntesis mini-invasiva con placas bloqueadas en fracturas metafisarias distales de tibia. Resultados clínico-funcionales. [Minimally invasive plate osteosynthesis in distal metaphyseal fractures of tibia. Comparison of results between fractures AO 43A and AO 43C.

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Juan Manuel Yañez Arauz

2015-05-01

Full Text Available Introducción Las fracturas distales de tibia son un desafío para el tratamiento debido a la escasa cobertura y particular vascularización. Los objetivos del presente estudio son analizar los resultados clínicos y funcionales de los pacientes con fractura de tibia distal; tratados con técnica MIPO (minimally invasive plate osteosynthesis con placas bloqueadas; comparar los resultados del grupo de fracturas tipo AO 43A con las tipo AO 43C1-C2; y comparar los resultados MIPO con el tratamiento abierto convencional.   Material y métodos Entre 2004 y 2012, se evaluaron 32 fracturas de tibia distal tratadas con técnica MIPO. 20 varones y 12 mujeres. Edad promedio: 40,1 años. El 59,4% presentó fracturas tipo AO 43A; y el 40,6% AO 43C. Tiempo trauma/cirugía: 6,8 días promedio. 24 casos presentaron fractura de peroné. Estadía hospitalaria: 1,5 días promedio. Seguimiento promedio: 39,6 meses, mediante score AOFAS y radiología. Se consignaron complicaciones. Se compararon resultados de grupos  tipo AO A y los tipo AO C.   Resultados Incremento del score AOFAS entre pre y post-operatorio: 73,3 puntos promedio. El grupo AO tipo A: media de 95,89 puntos AOFAS PO. El grupo AO tipo C1-2: media de 92,15 puntos PO. Carga del peso corporal: a las 8,7 semanas promedio. Comparando A= 43A y AO 43C: p: 0,46 (no significativa. Retorno a actividad previa a la lesión:9.3 meses promedio. Comparando tipo A y tipo C: p=0,16 (no significativa. Hubo 18,75% de complicaciones y retiro de osteosíntesis en 14 casos.  Conclusiones  La osteosíntesis mínimamente invasiva con placa y tornillos, es una buena opción para las fracturas de tibia distal; con buena evolución clínico-funcional, y escasas complicaciones comparadas a la cirugía abierta. Las fracturas 43A presentan menos complicaciones mayores que las 43C, tratadas con técnica MIPO.

Effect of Yi-nao-jie-yu decoction on γ-aminobutyric acid type A receptor in the hippocampus and serum inflammatory factors in a rat model of poststroke anxiety

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Zhang W

2016-11-01

Full Text Available Wen Zhang,1 Ruizhen Zhao,1 Xiaoli Li,1 Xia Cui,1 Zijun Zhao,1 Yingqiu Mao,2 Fengzhi Wu,3 Qisheng Tang1 1Department of Encephalopathy, The Third Affiliated Hospital, 2Center of Scientific Research, 3Center of Journals, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Chaoyang District, Beijing, People’s Republic of China Background: The Yi-nao-jie-yu decoction (YNJYD is a herbal preparation widely used in the clinics of traditional Chinese medicine and has been recently used as an important new therapeutic agent in poststroke anxiety (PSA. The neuroendocrine–immune system plays an important role in PSA mechanisms, although the modulating effects of YNJYD remain unknown. This study investigated the potential effects of YNJYD on the neuroendocrine–immune system in a rat model of PSA.Materials and methods: The PSA model was induced by injecting collagenase (type VII into the right globus pallidus, accompanied by empty water bottle stimulation for 2 weeks. The sham group and the PSA model group were gavaged with saline, while the treatment groups received buspirone (BuSpar or YNJYD. Behavior was evaluated with the open field test and elevated plus maze once a week. Pathological changes were observed by hematoxylin and eosin staining. Serum levels of tumor necrosis factor, interleukin (IL-6, adrenocorticotropic hormone, thyroid stimulating hormone, free triiodothyronine, free thyroxine, IL-1α, and cortisol were detected by radioimmunoassay. Expression of the γ-aminobutyric acid type A receptor (GABAAR α2 subunit was examined by Western blot and real-time polymerase chain reaction.Results: YNJYD-treated rats exhibited significantly better recovery than BuSpar-treated rats at 21 days and 28 days in the open field test and elevated plus maze. Hematoxylin and eosin staining revealed neural repair in the hippocampus in the treatment groups. Serum levels of IL-1α in the YNJYD group were significantly less than those in the model group and the Bu

Coupled decadal variability of the North Atlantic Oscillation, regional rainfall and karst spring discharges in the Campania region (southern Italy

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P. De Vita

2012-05-01

Full Text Available Thus far, studies on climate change have focused mainly on the variability of the atmospheric and surface components of the hydrologic cycle, investigating the impact of this variability on the environment, especially with respect to the risks of desertification, droughts and floods. Conversely, the impacts of climate change on the recharge of aquifers and on the variability of groundwater flow have been less investigated, especially in Mediterranean karst areas whose water supply systems depend heavily upon groundwater exploitation.

In this paper, long-term climatic variability and its influence on groundwater recharge were analysed by examining decadal patterns of precipitation, air temperature and spring discharges in the Campania region (southern Italy, coupled with the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO.

The time series of precipitation and air temperature were gathered over 90 yr, from 1921 to 2010, using 18 rain gauges and 9 air temperature stations with the most continuous functioning. The time series of the winter NAO index and of the discharges of 3 karst springs, selected from those feeding the major aqueducts systems, were collected for the same period.

Regional normalised indexes of the precipitation, air temperature and karst spring discharges were calculated, and different methods were applied to analyse the related time series, including long-term trend analysis using smoothing numerical techniques, cross-correlation and Fourier analysis.

The investigation of the normalised indexes highlighted the existence of long-term complex periodicities, from 2 to more than 30 yr, with differences in average values of up to approximately ±30% for precipitation and karst spring discharges, which were both strongly correlated with the winter NAO index.

Although the effects of the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO had already been demonstrated in the long-term precipitation and streamflow patterns of

Rotational atmospheric circulation during North Atlantic-European winter: the influence of ENSO

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Garcia-Serrano, J. [UCM, Departamento de Geofisica y Meteorologia, Madrid (Spain); Institut Catala de Ciencies del Clima (IC3), Barcelona (Spain); Rodriguez-Fonseca, B.; Zurita-Gotor, P.; Camara, A. de la [UCM, Departamento de Geofisica y Meteorologia, Madrid (Spain); Blade, I. [UB, Departament d' Astronomia i Meteorologia, Barcelona (Spain)

2011-11-15

The dominant variability modes of the North Atlantic-European rotational flow are examined by applying a principal component analysis (PCA/EOF) to the 200 hPa streamfunction mid-winter anomalies (Jan-Feb monthly means). The results reveal that, when this norm is used, the leading mode (EOF1) does not correspond to the traditional North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO, which appears in our analysis as the second leading mode, EOF2) but is the local manifestation of the leading hemispheric streamfunction EOF. The regression of this regional mode onto the global SST field exhibits a clear El Nino signature, with no signal over the Atlantic, while the associated upper height anomalies resemble the Tropical/Northern Hemisphere (TNH) pattern. East of North America, this TNH-like wavetrain produces a meridional dipole-like pattern at lower levels. Although in some ways this pattern resembles the NAO (EOF2), the dynamics of these two modes are very different in that only EOF2 is associated with a latitudinal shift of the North Atlantic stormtrack. Thus, the choice of the streamfunction norm in the EOF analysis allows the separation of two different phenomena that can produce similar dipolar surface pressure anomalies over the North Atlantic but that have different impact on European climate. These two modes also differ on their contribution to variability at lower levels: while NAO-EOF2 is mostly confined to the North Atlantic, TNH-EOF1 has a more annular, global character. At upper levels NAO-EOF2 also produces a global pattern but with no annular structure, reminiscent of the ''circumglobal'' teleconnection. (orig.)

Numerical Analysis Objects

Science.gov (United States)

Henderson, Michael

1997-08-01

The Numerical Analysis Objects project (NAO) is a project in the Mathematics Department of IBM's TJ Watson Research Center. While there are plenty of numerical tools available today, it is not an easy task to combine them into a custom application. NAO is directed at the dual problems of building applications from a set of tools, and creating those tools. There are several "reuse" projects, which focus on the problems of identifying and cataloging tools. NAO is directed at the specific context of scientific computing. Because the type of tools is restricted, problems such as tools with incompatible data structures for input and output, and dissimilar interfaces to tools which solve similar problems can be addressed. The approach we've taken is to define interfaces to those objects used in numerical analysis, such as geometries, functions and operators, and to start collecting (and building) a set of tools which use these interfaces. We have written a class library (a set of abstract classes and implementations) in C++ which demonstrates the approach. Besides the classes, the class library includes "stub" routines which allow the library to be used from C or Fortran, and an interface to a Visual Programming Language. The library has been used to build a simulator for petroleum reservoirs, using a set of tools for discretizing nonlinear differential equations that we have written, and includes "wrapped" versions of packages from the Netlib repository. Documentation can be found on the Web at "http://www.research.ibm.com/nao". I will describe the objects and their interfaces, and give examples ranging from mesh generation to solving differential equations.

Calcium disodium hexathiodiphosphate(IV octahydrate

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Claus Ehrhardt

2010-08-01

Full Text Available Single crystals of the title compound, CaNa2(P2S6·8H2O, were obtained by adding calcium hydroxide to an aqueous solution of Na4(P2S6·6H2O. The structure is isotypic with that of its strontium analogue and consists of one Ca2+ cation, two Na+ cations, one-half of a centrosymmetric (P2S64− anion with staggered confirmation and four water molecules in the asymmetric unit. The crystal structure can be described as being built up from layers of cations and anions extending parallel to (101. Within a layer, each CaO8 polyhedron is connected via edge-sharing to two NaO4S2 octahedra and to one NaO2S4 octaedron. The NaO4S2 octahedra are, in turn, linked with two (P2S64− anions through common corners. Various O—H...S hydrogen-bonding interactions lead to cohesion of adjacent layers. The Ca2+ and one Na+ cation are situated on a twofold rotation axis and the second Na+ cation is situated on an inversion centre.

Winter Precipitation in North America and the Pacific-North America Pattern in GEOS-S2Sv2 Seasonal Hindcast

Science.gov (United States)

Li, Zhao; Molod, Andrea; Schubert, Siegfried

2018-01-01

Reliable prediction of precipitation remains one of the most pivotal and complex challenges in seasonal forecasting. Previous studies show that various large-scale climate modes, such as ENSO, PNA and NAO play significant role in winter precipitation variability over the Northern America. The influences are most pronounced in years of strong indices of such climate modes. This study evaluates model bias, predictability and forecast skills of monthly winter precipitation in GEOS5-S2S 2.0 retrospective forecast from 1981 to 2016, with emphasis on the forecast skill of precipitation over North America during the extreme events of ENSO, PNA and NAO by applying EOF and composite analysis.

The Role of Network Administrative Organizations in the Development of Social Capital in Inter‐Organizational Food Networks

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Virginie M. Lefebvre

2013-02-01

Full Text Available This paper is concerned with the role of network administrative organizations (NAOs in the development of social capital in inter‐organizational networks aiming at supporting their members to innovate in the food sector through interacting with one another. A multi‐case study approach is used whereby three Belgian inter‐organizational networks are investigated i.e. Wagralim, Réseau‐Club and Flanders Food. Our study shows that there are many options available to NAOs to build social capital within the networks they are responsible for; options which we propose to categorize in three main distinct groups: creation of boundary objects, careful selection of members and effective communication.

Planches

OpenAIRE

2016-01-01

Fig. 2 - Karşi kilise, vue générale vers l’ouest Fig. 3 - Le panneau des donatrices (mur ouest) Fig. 4 - Le panneau des donateurs (mur nord) Fig. 5 - Partie nord-est du naos ; de haut en bas : Myrophores au sépulcre et Anastasis ; Paradis ; saint Artémios et le panneau des donateurs Fig. 6 - Mur sud : Constantin et Hélène, avec l’invocation de Michel Plakidas Fig. 7 - Vue vers le sud-est Fig. 8 - Voûte du naos, versant sud : Cène, Trahison de Judas, Baptême ; Dormition de la Vierge, Jeu...

O plantão noturno em anestesia reduz a latência ao sono

OpenAIRE

Mathias, Lígia Andrade da Silva Telles; Coelho, Christina Morotomi Funatsu; Vilela, Elizabeth Pricoli; Vieira, Joaquim Edson; Pagnocca, Marcelo Lacava

2004-01-01

JUSTIFICATIVA E OBJETIVOS: Os médicos em geral, os anestesiologistas em particular, têm jornadas de trabalho prolongadas. Os residentes de Anestesiologia podem apresentar fadiga e estresse significativos. O objetivo deste trabalho foi verificar, em residentes de primeiro e segundo anos a latência do sono em períodos após plantão. MÉTODO: Foram avaliados 11 residentes em situações distintas: às 7 horas da manhã, após noite de sono normal (> 7h), sem plantão nos 3 dias anteriores (M1); às 7 hor...

Magnetic nanoparticles for cancer therapy; Nanoparticulas magneticas para o tratamento do cancer

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Bakuzis, Andris F. [Universidade Federal de Goias (UFG), Goiania, GO (Brazil). Instituto de Fisica

2014-07-01

terapeutico para esta inovadora tecnica nao invasiva e altamente localizada. Nesta palestra iremos discutir resultados da literatura e do nosso proprio grupo no tratamento de cancer usando a hipertermia magnetica. Diversos tipos de nanoparticulas magneticas sugeridas para esta aplicacao serao apresentados assim como a evolucao historica deste tratamento, que apesar de ter sido sugerido em meados da decada de 50, so mais recentemente foi aprovado na Europa para tratamento de seres humanos com tumores do cerebro. (author)

Esofagectomía transhiatal videoasistida en la acalasia esofágica Videoassisted transhiatal esophagectomy for treatment of esophageal achalasia

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Miguel A Martín González

2012-12-01

Full Text Available En ocasiones la acalasia esofágica necesita de una esofagogastrectomía, de ahí que se elija la vía transhiatal, de preferencia la realizada por mínimo acceso y con el empleo de un flebo-extractor. El objetivo de nuestro trabajo es valorar el empleo de un flebo-extractor como sustituto de la disección esofágica transhiatal mínimamente invasiva, en una paciente con acalasia esofágica. Se realizó este abordaje en una enferma de 37 años con disfagia, dilatación esofágica importante y desnutrición proteico-energética, después de ser operada en 2 ocasiones de esofagomiotomía mínimamente invasiva, por una acalasia esofágica. La cirugía duró 4 horas, sin complicaciones y con una estadía de 4 días. La esofagectomía transhiatal mínimamente invasiva, en algunos enfermos con acalasia, tiene todos los beneficios del mínimo acceso, y con el empleo de un flebo- extractor, se agiliza el proceder de forma segura.Esophageal achalasia occasionally requires esophagogastrectomy, hence the transhiatal way is selected, preferably using minimal access and fleboextractor. The objective of this paper is to assess the use of fleboextractor as a replacement of minimally invasive transhiatal esophageal dissection in a patient with esophageal achalasia. This procedure was performed in a 37 years-old patient with disphagia, major esophageal dilation and protein-energetic undernourishment, who had been operated on twice from esophageal achalasia by using minimally invasive esophagomyotomy. The operation lasted 4 hours, without further complications and 4 day-length of stay at hospital. The minimally invasive transhiatal esophagectomy carries all the advantages of the minimum access procedure for some patients with achalasia, and the use of a fleboextractor can speed up the surgical procedure in a safe way.

Recomendaciones para la prevención, diagnóstico y tratamiento de LA EPOC en la Argentina

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Juan Carlos Figueroa Casas

2012-08-01

Full Text Available La enfermedad pulmonar obstructiva crónica (EPOC está aumentando marcadamente su morbimortalidad, costos e indicadores epidemiológicos. Por ello la Asociación Argentina de Medicina Respiratoria (AAMR convocó a un grupo de especialistas para actualizar conocimientos básicos y efectuar recomendaciones para su diagnóstico, prevención y tratamiento. Se revisan definición, avances en fisiopatología, presentación clínica, diagnóstico por imágenes y evaluación funcional. Se enfatiza su diagnóstico temprano mediante exploración funcional -esencialmente espirometría- y la prevención a través de la cesación del tabaquismo. Se describen estrategias para dejar de fumar, tratamiento farmacológico y no farmacológico. La administración de broncodilatadores, preferentemente de acción prolongada, es la primera opción de tratamiento farmacológico. Los corticoides inhalados se indican en combinación con los broncodilatadores en pacientes con obstrucción al flujo aéreo persistente asociada con exacerbaciones frecuentes, si bien se requieren estudios que confirmen su relación costo/beneficio. La vacuna antigripal es recomendada en todos los pacientes. Con respecto a las intervenciones no farmacológicas, la cirugía del enfisema solo se recomienda en circunstancias especiales. La rehabilitación respiratoria es una herramienta útil en pacientes con limitación en la actividad física habitual. La oxígenoterapia crónica domiciliaria mejora la supervivencia en pacientes con hipoxemia crónica grave. La ventilación no invasiva domiciliaria fuera de las exacerbaciones, tiene indicaciones en pacientes seleccionados. Las exacerbaciones agudas deben tratarse con broncodilatadores, oxígeno, corticoides, antibióticos y, bajo ciertas circunstancias, asistencia respiratoria mecánica tanto no invasiva como invasiva. El papel de la educación pública, del paciente y su familia, es considerada esencial en la prevención y tratamiento.

La cirugía valvular mínimamente invasiva

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Orlando Santana

2014-05-01

Conclusiones: La cirugía de mínimo acceso se relaciona con recuperación más rápida y mayor satisfacción para el paciente, así como con reducción de complicaciones postoperatorias y de la mortalidad en pacientes de riesgo alto.

Preparation and characterization of novel nanocomposites of inorganic/polysaccharide type =

Science.gov (United States)

Oliveira, Fabiane Costa

O uso de polimeros naturais no ambito da preparacao de nanocompositos nao tem sido tao amplamente estudado quando comparado com os polimeros sinteticos. Assim, esta tese tem como objectivo estudar metodologias para a preparacao de novos materiais nanocompositos sob a forma de dispersoes e filmes utilizando polissacarideos como matriz. A tese esta dividida em cinco capitulos sendo o ultimo capitulo dedicado as conclusoes gerais e a sugestoes para trabalhos futuros. Inicialmente e apresentada uma breve revisao bibliografica sobre os principais temas colocando esta tese em contexto. Consideracoes sobre o uso de polimeros naturais e a sua combinacao com a utilizacao de nanoparticulas inorganicas para a fabricacao de novos bionanocomposites sao descritas e os objectivos e outline da tese sao tambem apresentados. No segundo capitulo, a preparacao de particulas de silica puras ou modificadas bem como a sua caracterizacao por FTIR, SEM, TEM, TGA, DLS (tamanho e potencial zeta) e medicoes de angulo de contacto sao discutidas. De modo a melhorar a compatibilidade da silica com os polissacarideos, as particulas SiO2 foram modificados com dois compostos do tipo organosilano: 3- metacril-oxipropil-trimetoxissilano (MPS) e 3-aminopropil-trimetoxissilano (APS). As particulas SiO2 MPS foram posteriormente encapsuladas com de poli(metacrilato de glicidilo) utilizando a tecnica de polimerizacao em emulsao. A utilizacao dos nanocompositos resultantes na preparacao de dispersoes de bionanocompositos nao foi bem sucedida e por esse motivo nao os estudos nao foram prosseguidos. O uso de SiO2 APS na preparacao de dispersoes bionanocomposite foi eficiente. No terceiro capitulo e apresentada uma revisao sobre dispersoes bionanocompositas e respectiva caracterizacao destacando aspectos fundamentais sobre reologia e microestrutura. Em seguida, e discutido o estudo sistematico realizado sobre o comportamento reologico de dispersoes de SiO2 utilizando tres polissacarideos distintos no que

Progresso Interdisciplinar da Medicina

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Jorge Correia-Pinto

2018-02-01

Full Text Available Portugal é muitas vezes citado como um bom exemplo na prestação de cuidados de saúde. Para tal concorreram a investigação (engenharia biomédica, a evolução técnica e a diferenciação clínica de diferentes especialidades. Para que esta evolução se transfira para o paciente com o seu máximo potencial, o diálogo e a interdisciplinaridade são imprescindíveis. Nesta Edição da Gazeta Médica, vários artigos trazem até ao leitor alguns exemplos desta evolução e interdisciplinaridade, que continua todos os dias nos nossos hospitais. Assim não podemos deixar de salientar o enorme progresso que houve no desenvolvimento de antimicrobianos e logicamente, o desafio que agora enfrentamos, o da resistência aos antibióticos. Por outro lado, a biologia molecular ao permitir-nos conhecer melhor a origem e fisiopatologia de inúmeras doenças, abriu um janela de oportunidade para individualizar o algoritmo clínico de orientação e tratamento clínicos. É com naturalidade, portanto, que a seguir encontramos vários artigos que relatam estratégias de individualização terapêutica, aumentando o efeito terapêutico, e minimizando os efeitos laterais. Sendo o relator deste editorial, um cirurgião, não posso deixar de dar enfoque à forma como a cirurgia minimamente invasiva tem revolucionado a intervenção cirúrgica. A história reporta-nos que foram os urologistas e os ginecologistas os pioneiros em muitos dos passos determinantes para chegarmos à cirurgia laparoscópica. Aqueles e os cirurgiões digestivos documentaram clinicamente que o desenvolvimento da cirurgia minimamente invasiva trouxe consigo várias vantagens que, resumidamente, resultam numa convalescença pós-operatória mais suave e mais curta. Inspirado pelos benefícios bem documentados de cirurgia minimamente invasiva em adultos e crianças, o século XXI começou com as primeiras tentativas de transportar as vantagens desta abordagem para recém-nascidos, tal

Artrodese lombar minimamente invasiva com acesso intermuscular sem material cirúrgico especial: estudo de série de casos Artrodesis lumbar mínimamente invasiva con acceso intermuscular sin material quirúrgico especial: estudio de serie de casos Minimally invasive lumbar arthrodesis with intermuscular approach without special surgical material: a case series

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Bruno de Azevedo Oliveira

2011-01-01

Full Text Available OBJETIVOS: Analisar os resultados clínicos de uma série de pacientes com doença degenerativa da coluna lombar tratados com artrodese circunferencial com acesso minimamente invasivo intermuscular sem material cirúrgico especial. MÉTODOS: Análise de uma série prospectiva de 12 pacientes consecutivos não-randomizados submetidos à fusão lombossacra de 1 nível para doença degenerativa. Avaliados os Índices de Oswestry 2.0 e a escala visual analógica de dor (VAS no pré-operatório e seis meses após a cirurgia. A artrodese foi realizada por acesso paramediano bilateral entre os músculos multifidus e longissimus com o uso de afastador cervical simples com lâminas cambiáveis e implantes convencionais. RESULTADOS: Houve uma melhora média de 3,6 pontos na VAS e 27,5 pontos percentuais no Índice de Oswestry quando comparadas as avaliações pré-operatórias e após seis meses de follow-up. As melhoras mais marcadas foram nos pacientes que apresentavam ciatalgia por hérnia discal associada à discopatia. Os quesitos do Índice de Oswestry que apresentaram melhor resultado foram a intensidade da dor e a qualidade do sono. Os que apresentaram pior resultado foram a capacidade de levantamento de pesos e a dor ao sentar. Não houve dificuldade adicional devido à técnica e ao material utilizado. CONCLUSÕES: A artrodese da coluna lombossacra por abordagem minimamente invasiva transmuscular pode ser realizada com afastadores cirúrgicos normais e implantes semelhantes ao da técnica tradicional sem prejuízo técnico ou no resultado clínico.OBJETIVOS: Analizar los resultados clínicos de una serie de pacientes con enfermedad degenerativa de la columna lumbar, tratados con artrodesis circunferencial con acceso intermuscular mínimamente invasivo, sin material quirúrgico especial. MÉTODOS: Análisis de una serie prospectiva de 12 pacientes consecutivos, no seleccionados aleatoriamente, sometidos a la fusión de un sólo nivel lumbosacro

Impact of ice sheet induced North Atlantic oscillation on East Asian summer monsoon during an interglacial 500,000 years ago

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Sundaram, S.; Yin, Q.Z.; Berger, A.; Muri, H. [Universite Catholique de Louvain, Earth and Life Institute (ELI), Georges Lemaitre Centre for Earth and Climate Research (TECLIM), Louvain la Neuve (Belgium)

2012-09-15

Marine Isotope Stage (MIS) 13, an interglacial about 500,000 years ago, is unique due to an exceptionally strong East Asia summer monsoon (EASM) occurring in a relatively cool climate with low greenhouse gas concentrations (GHG). This paper attempts to find one of the possible mechanisms for this seeming paradox. Simulations with an Earth System model LOVECLIM show that the presence of ice sheets over North America and Eurasia during MIS-13 induces a positive phase of the winter North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) like feature. The ocean having a longer memory than the atmosphere, the oceanic anomalies associated with NAO persists until summer. The signals of summer NAO are transmitted to East Asia to reinforce the monsoon there through the stationary waves excited at the Asian Jet entrance. The geopotential height shows clearly a mid-latitude wave train with positive anomalies over the eastern Mediterranean/Caspian Sea and the Okhotsk Sea and a negative anomaly over Lake Baikal. This reinforces the effect of the high-latitude wave train induced independently by the Eurasian ice sheet topography as shown in previous study. These features reinforce the Meiyu front and enhance the precipitation over East Asia. The results obtained from LOVECLIM are further confirmed by an atmospheric general circulation model, ARPEGE. (orig.)

The boreal winter Madden-Julian Oscillation's influence on summertime precipitation in the greater Caribbean

Science.gov (United States)

Curtis, Scott; Gamble, Douglas W.

2016-07-01

Precipitation totals in the greater Caribbean are known to be affected by interannual variability. In particular, dry conditions in the spring-summer have been physically linked to the positive phase of North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) in the literature. In this study, it was found through regression analysis that an active Madden-Julian Oscillation (MJO) in winter geographically focused over the Maritime Continent contributes to a positive NAO in March via the generation of Rossby waves in the Northern Hemisphere. Specifically, a negative Pacific-North American pattern develops in the winter and transitions to an Atlantic pattern in spring. The positive NAO is a transient feature of this evolving wave train, but a center of significant positive 200 hPa geopotential heights is entrenched over the southeast U.S. throughout the February to May time period and is manifested as high pressure at the surface. The southern flank of this system increases the speeds of the trade winds and leads to a cooling of the Caribbean sea surface temperatures and, thus, convection suppression and reduced precipitation. Thus, this study advances our understanding of the climate of the greater Caribbean by using climate teleconnections to relate the MJO to rainfall in the region.

Long term changes in flooding and heavy rainfall associated with North Atlantic tropical cyclones: Roles of the North Atlantic Oscillation and El Niño-Southern Oscillation

Science.gov (United States)

Aryal, Yog N.; Villarini, Gabriele; Zhang, Wei; Vecchi, Gabriel A.

2018-04-01

The aim of this study is to examine the contribution of North Atlantic tropical cyclones (TCs) to flooding and heavy rainfall across the continental United States. Analyses highlight the spatial variability in these hazards, their temporal changes in terms of frequency and magnitude, and their connection to large-scale climate, in particular to the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) and El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO). We use long-term stream and rain gage measurements, and our analyses are based on annual maxima (AMs) and peaks-over-threshold (POTs). TCs contribute to ∼20-30% of AMs and POTs over Florida and coastal areas of the eastern United States, and the contribution decreases as we move inland. We do not detect statistically significant trends in the magnitude or frequency of TC floods. Regarding the role of climate, NAO and ENSO do not play a large role in controlling the frequency and magnitude of TC flooding. The connection between heavy rainfall and TCs is comparable to what observed in terms of flooding. Unlike flooding, NAO plays a significant role in TC-related extreme rainfall along the U.S. East Coast, while ENSO is most strongly linked to the TC precipitation in Texas.

Sensitivity of marine protected area network connectivity to atmospheric variability.

Science.gov (United States)

Fox, Alan D; Henry, Lea-Anne; Corne, David W; Roberts, J Murray

2016-11-01

International efforts are underway to establish well-connected systems of marine protected areas (MPAs) covering at least 10% of the ocean by 2020. But the nature and dynamics of ocean ecosystem connectivity are poorly understood, with unresolved effects of climate variability. We used 40-year runs of a particle tracking model to examine the sensitivity of an MPA network for habitat-forming cold-water corals in the northeast Atlantic to changes in larval dispersal driven by atmospheric cycles and larval behaviour. Trajectories of Lophelia pertusa larvae were strongly correlated to the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO), the dominant pattern of interannual atmospheric circulation variability over the northeast Atlantic. Variability in trajectories significantly altered network connectivity and source-sink dynamics, with positive phase NAO conditions producing a well-connected but asymmetrical network connected from west to east. Negative phase NAO produced reduced connectivity, but notably some larvae tracked westward-flowing currents towards coral populations on the mid-Atlantic ridge. Graph theoretical metrics demonstrate critical roles played by seamounts and offshore banks in larval supply and maintaining connectivity across the network. Larval longevity and behaviour mediated dispersal and connectivity, with shorter lived and passive larvae associated with reduced connectivity. We conclude that the existing MPA network is vulnerable to atmospheric-driven changes in ocean circulation.

Formation and electrical characteristics of silicon dioxide layers by use of nitric acid oxidation method

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Imal, S.; Takahashi, M.; Matsuba, K.; Asuha; Ishikawa, Y.; Kobayashi, Hikaru

2005-01-01

SiO 2 /Si structure can be formed at low temperatures by use of nitric acid (HNO 3 ) oxidation of Si (NAOS) method. When Si wafers are immersed in ∼ 40 wt% HNO 3 solutions at 108 deg C, ∼ 1 nm SiO 2 layers are formed. The subsequent immersion in 68 wt% HNO 3 (i.e., azeotropic mixture of HNO 3 with water) at 121 deg C increases the SiO 2 thickness. The 3,5 nm-thick SiO 2 layers produced by this two-step NAOS method possess a considerably low leakage current density (e.g. 1 x 10 2 A/cmi 2 at the forward gate bias, V G , of 1.5 V), in spite of the low temperature oxidation, and further decreased (e.g., 8 x 10 4 A/cm 2 at V G = 1.5 V) by post-metallization annealing at 250 deg C in hydrogen atmosphere. In order to increase the SiO 2 thickness, a bias voltage is applied during the NAOS method. When 10 V is applied to Si with respect to a Pt counter electrode both immersed in 1 M HNO 3 solutions at 25 deg C, SiO 2 layers with 8 nm thickness can be formed for 1 h(Authors)

Spatiotemporal patterns of precipitation extremes in the Poyang Lake basin, China: Changing properties and causes

Science.gov (United States)

Xiao, M.

2016-12-01

Under the background of climate change, extensive attentions have been paid on the increased extreme precipitation from the public and government. To analyze the influences of large-scale climate indices on the precipitation extremes, the spatiotemporal patterns of precipitation extremes in the Poyang Lake basin have been investigated using the Bayesian hierarchical method. The seasonal maximum one-day precipitation amount (Rx1day) was used to represent the seasonal precipitation extremes. Results indicated that spring Rx1day was affected by El Niño/Southern Oscillation (ENSO) and North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO), a positive ENSO event in the same year tends to decrease the spring Rx1day in the northern part of Poyang Lake Basin while increase the spring Rx1day in southeastern Poyang Lake Basin, a positive NAO events in the same year tends to increase the spring Rx1day in the southwest and northwest part of Poyang Lake basin while decrease the spring Rx1day in the eastern part of Poyang Lake basin; summer Rx1day was affected by Indian Ocean Dipole (IOD), positive IOD events in the same year tend to increase the summer Rx1day of northern Poyang Lake basin while decrease summer Rx1day of southern Poyang Lake basin; autumn Rx1day was affected by ENSO, positive ENSO events in the same year tend to mainly increase the autumn Rx1day in the west part of Poyang Lake basin; winter Rx1day was mainly affected by the NAO, positive NAO events in the same year tend to mainly increase the winter Rx1day of southern Poyang Lake basin, while positive NAO events in the previous year tend to mainly increase the winter Rx1day in the central and northeast part of Poyang Lake basin. It is considered that the region with the negative vertical velocity is dominated by more precipitation and vice versa. Furthermore, field patterns of 500 hPa vertical velocity anomalies related to each climate index have further corroborated the influences of climate indices on the seasonal Rx1day, and

Manejo de Displasias Esqueléticas

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Nancy Unanue M., Dra.

2015-07-01

En los últimos años la mayor precisión diagnóstica se ha acompañado de mayores oportunidades terapéuticas. El desarrollo de nuevas técnicas quirúrgicas de apoyo en casos de deformidades óseas y de técnicas menos invasivas de alargamiento han determinado mejoría en talla final, pero por sobre todo, en la calidad de vida de nuestros pacientes.

Retinopatia da prematuridade: achados refrativos pós-tratamento com crioterapia ou laser Retinopathy of prematurity: refractive errors in patients treated with cryotherapy or laser

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Sara Pozzi

2000-10-01

Full Text Available Objetivos: Determinar e comparar as características refrativas de uma população composta de crianças pré-termo com retinopatia da prematuridade que necessitaram de tratamento com crioterapia ou laserterapia. Método: Análise dos resultados da refração estática de 14 pacientes (de um total de 761 fichas de crianças que nasceram no Hospital São Paulo da Universidade Federal de São Paulo - Escola Paulista de Medicina, entre janeiro de 1988 e abril de 1998, que completaram um ano de idade e que apresentaram Retinopatia da Prematuridade grau 3 com características de "doença limiar" sendo tratadas com crioterapia ou laserterapia. Foram utilizados os testes estatísticos de Wilcoxon e Mann-Whitney para a avaliação dos resultados. Resultados: 64,3% dos pacientes apresentaram miopia. No grupo de pacientes que receberam tratamento com crioterapia, 80% mostrou miopia, que em todos os casos foi alta; 20% hipermetropia leve, com uma média para o equivalente esférico de --3,10 D no olho direito e --3,25 D no olho esquerdo (diferença entre ambos os olhos estatísticamente não significante. No grupo de laserterapia, 55,6% mostrou miopia, sendo 20 % dos casos miopia alta e 80% miopia leve; 11,1% apresentou-se sem ametropia e 33,3 % com hipermetropia leve. O valor da média para o equivalente esférico foi --0,58 D no olho direito e --0,83D no olho esquerdo (diferença entre ambos os olhos estatisticamente significante. A comparação dos resultados refracionais dos dois grupos mostrou uma maior incidência para miopia alta no grupo de pacientes que receberam tratamento com crioterapia (PPurpose: To examine the spherical equivalent of refractive errors in preterm children with threshold retinopathy of prematurity treated with cryotherapy or laser. Patients and Method: A group of 14 one-year-old children (selected from 761 preterm children born at the Hospital São Paulo of the Universidade Federal de São Paulo between 1988 and 1998 with stage

Enfermedad neumocócica invasiva en la población infantil de la Comunidad Valenciana Invasive pneumococcal disease in children in the community of Valencia, Spain

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M. Goicoechea-Sáez

2003-12-01

Full Text Available Objetivo: La enfermedad neumocócica es una causa frecuente de morbilidad y mortalidad entre la población infantil. La reciente autorización de la vacuna conjugada heptavalente ha incrementado el interés científico que suscita esta enfermedad. El objetivo de este estudio es conocer las características epidemiológicas y clínicas, así como la evolución de esta enfermedad invasiva en la población infantil de la Comunidad Valenciana. Método: Los datos se han obtenido de las historias clínicas de los niños menores de 15 años, con aislamiento del neumococo, atendidos en todos los hospitales públicos de la Comunidad Valenciana durante el período 1996-2000. La evolución de la incidencia se valoró mediante la comparación de tasas, los signos clínicos y su evolución (secuelas y letalidad mediante la evaluación de la frecuencia y su distribución por edades. Resultados: Se registró un total de 127 casos, lo que representa un promedio de tasa anual de 3,89/105 habitantes en los menores de 15 años y de 20,14 en los menores de 2 años. Presentaron antecedentes de problemas de salud un 29,1% de los pacientes. Las manifestaciones clínicas predominantes fueron sepsis/bacteriemia (38%, neumonía (31% y meningitis (24%. Al alta, presentaban secuelas 10 niños, de los que el 75% eran menores de 2 años. Fallecieron 8 niños (letalidad del 6,3%. Conclusiones: En nuestro medio, durante el período estudiado, la infección neumocócica se presenta sobre todo en los niños menores de 2 años, así como en los mayores de esta edad con antecedentes de problemas de salud. En estos últimos se ha encontrado una mayor mortalidad. Sería conveniente introducir la enfermedad neumocócica en el Sistema de Vigilancia Epidemiológica, lo que nos permitiría disponer de estimaciones más precisas de su evolución epidemiológica y valorar si la vacuna conjugada es la solución a los problemas que plantea esta bacteria en la actualidad

Cirurgia valvar mitral e da comunicação interatrial: abordagem minimamente invasiva ou por esternotomia Mitral valve and atrial septal defect surgery: minimally invasive or sternotomy approach

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Josué V. Castro Neto

2012-08-01

Full Text Available FUNDAMENTO: Para diminuir o trauma cirúrgico em procedimentos cardiovasculares, técnicas Minimamente Invasivas (MI foram alternativamente introduzidas. OBJETIVO: Comparar o acesso cirúrgico MI com a Esternotomia Mediana (EM para tratar a cardiopatia valvar mitral (VM e a Comunicação Interatrial (CIA. MÉTODOS: Estudo prospectivo onde quarenta pacientes foram submetidos a cirurgia para correção de cardiopatia VM ou CIA. Foram divididos em: grupo A (GA (n = 20, de acesso por minitoracotomia direita com videoassistência, e grupo B (GB (n = 20, de acesso por EM. Comparamos: tempo de pinçamento aórtico e circulação extracorpórea, tempo de permanência na Unidade de Terapia Intensiva (UTI, tempo de hospitalização e morbidade. RESULTADOS: Quinze pacientes foram submetidos a procedimento VM e 5 a correção de CIA, em cada grupo. Houve nove trocas mitrais (sete bioprotéticas e duas mecânicas e seis reconstruções no GA, e 10 trocas (todas bioprotéticas e cinco reconstruções no GB. As médias de tempo de pinçamento aórtico e circulação extracorpórea, em minutos, foram 65,1 ± 29,3 no GA, e 50,2 ± 21,4 no GB (p = 0,074; e 91,8 ± 35 no GA, e 63,7 ± 27,3 no GB (p = 0,008. As médias de tempo de UTI, em horas, foram 51,7 ± 16,3 no GA, e 55,8 ± 17,5 no GB (p = 0,45. Os tempos de hospitalização, em dias, foram 5,2 ± 1 no GA, e 6,4 ± 1,5 no GB (p = 0,009. CONCLUSÃO: O acesso MI para correção da cardiopatia VM e da CIA implicaram em maior tempo de circulação extracorpórea para a finalização do procedimento principal sem, no entanto, afetar a recuperação do paciente. Os pacientes tratados de forma MI tiveram alta hospitalar mais cedo que os pacientes tratados com esternotomia.BACKGROUND: To decrease the surgical trauma in heart procedures, minimally invasive (MI techniques were alternatively introduced. OBJECTIVE: To compare MI surgical access with median sternotomy (MS for the treatment of mitral valve (MV disease and

Prevalencia de lesao do septo nasal em prematuros no uso de prongas nasais

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Nayara Francisca Cabral de Sousa

2013-12-01

Full Text Available O objetivo do estudo foi investigar a prevalência e os fatores associados à lesão do septo nasal em prematuros sob uso de ventilação não invasiva. Estudo transversal, cujos dados foram coletados entre março e julho de 2012 por meio de busca em prontuários, entrevistas às mães e avaliação nasal de 47 prematuros, na Unidade Neonatal de um Hospital Universitário da cidade do Recife, Pernambuco, região nordeste do Brasil. Realizou-se análise estatística descritiva e bivariada por meio do teste qui-quadrado ou Exato de Fisher, utilizando o software SPSS. A prevalência de lesão nasal foi de 68,1%, associada ao baixo peso ao nascer e à duração do tratamento. A prevalência de lesão nasal na população estudada é elevada e associa-se ao baixo peso ao nascer e ao tempo de permanência em ventilação não invasiva. Infere-se a necessidade de ações preventivas, como cuidados de Enfermagem contínuos, adequação dos dispositivos e educação permanente em serviço.

Influence of North Atlantic modes on European climate extremes

Science.gov (United States)

Proemmel, K.; Cubasch, U.

2017-12-01

It is well known that the North Atlantic strongly influences European climate. Only few studies exist that focus on its impact on climate extremes. We are interested in these extremes and the processes and mechanisms behind it. For the analysis of the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) we use simulations performed with the Max Planck Institute for Meteorology Earth System Model (MPI-ESM). The NAO has a strong impact especially on European winter and the changes in minimum temperature are even larger than in maximum temperature. The impact of the Atlantic Multi-decadal Variability (AMV) on climate extremes is analyzed in ECHAM6 simulations forced with AMV warm and AMV cold sea surface temperature patterns. We analyze different extreme indices and try to understand the processes.

EFEITO AGUDO DO LASER DE BAIXA POTÊNCIA NA FADIGA DO BÍCEPS BRAQUIAL DE ATLETAS DE VOLEIBOL

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Juliana Lôbo Froio

Full Text Available RESUMO Introdução: A laserterapia de baixa potência tem entre seus propósitos auxiliar a recuperação de tecidos biológicos, atenuando os efeitos da fadiga muscular e contribuindo com a melhora do desempenho em atletas. Aspectos metodológicos ainda limitam as conclusões do efeito agudo da laserterapia sobre o desempenho muscular. Objetivo: Verificar o efeito agudo do laser terapêutico de baixa potência na fadiga induzida do bíceps braquial de atletas de voleibol. Métodos: Este foi um estudo randomizado e duplo-cego, aprovado pelo Comitê de Ética da UNESP de Marília. Participaram do estudo 19 atletas de voleibol de ambos os sexos. Realizou-se coleta de dados eletromiográficos do músculo bíceps braquial no exercício isométrico de flexão de cotovelo antes e após a aplicação do laser terapêutico. Um haltere com 75% do pico de força, obtido por uma célula de carga, foi utilizado para o protocolo de fadiga. Em seguida, os voluntários foram submetidos à aplicação do laser (ativo ou placebo em seis pontos do músculo bíceps braquial. Os dados eletromiográficos foram analisados no domínio da frequência, utilizando-se o software Myosystem®. Verificou-se a distribuição de normalidade dos dados pelo teste de Shapiro-Wilk, e utilizou-se Anova (split plot de medidas repetidas a fim de testar a interação entre tempo e grupo. Resultados: Para nenhuma das variáveis analisadas foi observada interação significativa entre grupo e tempo, indicando que o grupo irradiado não apresentou vantagens com relação ao grupo placebo. Conclusão: Após o protocolo de fadiga proposto, uma única aplicação de laser de baixa potência não foi suficiente para produzir efeitos positivos no desempenho de força e no sinal eletromiográfico do músculo bíceps braquial de atletas de voleibol.

La ingeniería al servicio de la historia: imágenes invisibles del Paleolítico

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Aroa Gutiérrez Alonso

2014-10-01

Full Text Available El presente artículo pretende describir el desarrollo de una nueva metodología no invasiva de documentación digital de petroglifos y pinturas rupestres pertenecientes al paleolítico, a través de técnicas y herramientas del tratamiento digital de imágenes para optimizar materiales y tiempos en la obtención de información gráfica, representativa y de precisión

Políticas da educação e sistemas filosóficos: a vontade da exclusão

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Rosely Giordano

Full Text Available Neste texto se trava, com auxílio dos pensadores de Frankfurt, Adorno e Horkheimer, uma luta frontal contra o pensamento que unifica, exclui e reduz os outros pensares. Para isso, a categoria de "experiência" desempenha um papel principal: um exercício do (compartilhar com o diferente, abdicando da dominação, em busca constante da extensão do movimento do esclarecimento, da autonomia e da emancipação social e política.

Influência da herbivoria de formigas cortadeiras no sucesso reprodutivo de espécies arbustivo-arbóreas da Floresta Atlântica Nordestina

OpenAIRE

Santos Barbosa, Veralucia

2009-01-01

Consumindo principalmente folhas, as formigas cortadeiras (LCA) são os herbívoros dominantes de florestas Neotropicais. A herbivoria foliar induz as plantas a alocarem os produtos fotossintéticos para compensar as perdas de tecidos vegetativos, o que gera um desequilíbrio entre as demandas reprodutivas e vegetativas em plantas adultas, e reduz a sobrevivência e o crescimento de plântulas. Este trabalho avaliou a influência da herbivoria por LCA: (1) no sucesso reprodutivo de se...

Oclusión y estrés en el síndrome dolor disfunción temporo-mandibular

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María del Carmen García Cubillas

2015-04-01

Full Text Available Se reporta el caso de una paciente femenina de 35 años con síndrome dolor disfunción temporo-mandibular, cuyo motivo de consulta fue el dolor relacionado con el lado no habitual de masticación y de dormir. Los datos fueron tomados de su historia clínica inicial. El diagnóstico se realizó fundamentalmente por el método clínico. Para ello se hizo interrogatorio y el examen clínico de músculos, articulaciones temporo-mandibulares y oclusión. Se detectaron como posibles causas el estrés y una interferencia oclusal grosera. Se realizó un tratamiento múltiple: laserterapia, exodoncias, control de las interferencias oclusales, control de placa dentobacteriana e higiene bucal, charlas educativas y remisión al psicólogo. La paciente evolucionó favorablemente

Feasibility of using a humanoid robot to elicit communicational response in children with mild autism

Science.gov (United States)

Malik, Norjasween Abdul; Shamsuddin, Syamimi; Yussof, Hanafiah; Azfar Miskam, Mohd; Che Hamid, Aminullah

2013-12-01

Research evidences are accumulating with regards to the potential use of robots for the rehabilitation of children with autism. The purpose of this paper is to elaborate on the results of communicational response in two children with autism during interaction with the humanoid robot NAO. Both autistic subjects in this study have been diagnosed with mild autism. Following the outcome from our first pilot study; the aim of this current experiment is to explore the application of NAO robot to engage with a child and further teach about emotions through a game-centered and song-based approach. The experiment procedure involved interaction between humanoid robot NAO with each child through a series of four different modules. The observation items are based on ten items selected and referenced to GARS-2 (Gilliam Autism Rating Scale-second edition) and also input from clinicians and therapists. The results clearly indicated that both of the children showed optimistic response through the interaction. Negative responses such as feeling scared or shying away from the robot were not detected. Two-way communication between the child and robot in real time significantly gives positive impact in the responses towards the robot. To conclude, it is feasible to include robot-based interaction specifically to elicit communicational response as a part of the rehabilitation intervention of children with autism.

Interannual abundance changes of gelatinous carnivore zooplankton unveil climate-driven hydrographic variations in the Iberian Peninsula, Portugal.

Science.gov (United States)

D'Ambrosio, Mariaelena; Molinero, Juan C; Azeiteiro, Ulisses M; Pardal, Miguel A; Primo, Ana L; Nyitrai, Daniel; Marques, Sónia C

2016-09-01

The persistent massive blooms of gelatinous zooplankton recorded during recent decades may be indicative of marine ecosystem changes. In this study, we investigated the potential influence of the North Atlantic climate (NAO) variability on decadal abundance changes of gelatinous carnivore zooplankton in the Mondego estuary, Portugal, over the period 2003-2013. During the 11-year study, the community of gelatinous carnivores encompassed a larger diversity of hydromedusae than siphonophores; the former dominated by Obelia spp., Lizzia blondina, Clythia hemisphaerica, Liriope tetraphylla and Solmaris corona, while the latter dominated by Muggiaea atlantica. Gelatinous carnivore zooplankton displayed marked interannual variability and mounting species richness over the period examined. Their pattern of abundance shifted towards larger abundances ca. 2007 and significant phenological changes. The latter included a shift in the mean annual pattern (from unimodal to bimodal peak, prior and after 2007 respectively) and an earlier timing of the first annual peak concurrent with enhanced temperatures. These changes were concurrent with the climate-driven environmental variability mainly controlled by the NAO, which displayed larger variance after 2007 along with an enhanced upwelling activity. Structural equation modelling allowed depicting cascading effects derived from the NAO influence on regional climate and upwelling variability further shaping water temperature. Such cascading effect percolated the structure and dynamics of the community of gelatinous carnivore zooplankton in the Mondego estuary. Copyright © 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Forcing of the wintertime atmospheric circulation by the multidecadal fluctuations of the North Atlantic ocean

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Peings, Yannick; Magnusdottir, Gudrun

2014-01-01

The North Atlantic sea surface temperature exhibits fluctuations on the multidecadal time scale, a phenomenon known as the Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation (AMO). This letter demonstrates that the multidecadal fluctuations of the wintertime North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) are tied to the AMO, with an opposite-signed relationship between the polarities of the AMO and the NAO. Our statistical analyses suggest that the AMO signal precedes the NAO by 10–15 years with an interesting predictability window for decadal forecasting. The AMO footprint is also detected in the multidecadal variability of the intraseasonal weather regimes of the North Atlantic sector. This observational evidence is robust over the entire 20th century and it is supported by numerical experiments with an atmospheric global climate model. The simulations suggest that the AMO-related SST anomalies induce the atmospheric anomalies by shifting the atmospheric baroclinic zone over the North Atlantic basin. As in observations, the positive phase of the AMO results in more frequent negative NAO—and blocking episodes in winter that promote the occurrence of cold extreme temperatures over the eastern United States and Europe. Thus, it is plausible that the AMO plays a role in the recent resurgence of severe winter weather in these regions and that wintertime cold extremes will be promoted as long as the AMO remains positive. (paper)

High-Energy-Density Metal-Oxygen Batteries: Lithium-Oxygen Batteries vs Sodium-Oxygen Batteries.

Science.gov (United States)

Song, Kyeongse; Agyeman, Daniel Adjei; Park, Mihui; Yang, Junghoon; Kang, Yong-Mook

2017-12-01

The development of next-generation energy-storage devices with high power, high energy density, and safety is critical for the success of large-scale energy-storage systems (ESSs), such as electric vehicles. Rechargeable sodium-oxygen (Na-O 2 ) batteries offer a new and promising opportunity for low-cost, high-energy-density, and relatively efficient electrochemical systems. Although the specific energy density of the Na-O 2 battery is lower than that of the lithium-oxygen (Li-O 2 ) battery, the abundance and low cost of sodium resources offer major advantages for its practical application in the near future. However, little has so far been reported regarding the cell chemistry, to explain the rate-limiting parameters and the corresponding low round-trip efficiency and cycle degradation. Consequently, an elucidation of the reaction mechanism is needed for both lithium-oxygen and sodium-oxygen cells. An in-depth understanding of the differences and similarities between Li-O 2 and Na-O 2 battery systems, in terms of thermodynamics and a structural viewpoint, will be meaningful to promote the development of advanced metal-oxygen batteries. State-of-the-art battery design principles for high-energy-density lithium-oxygen and sodium-oxygen batteries are thus reviewed in depth here. Major drawbacks, reaction mechanisms, and recent strategies to improve performance are also summarized. © 2017 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim.

The influence of the North Atlantic Ocean variability on the atmosphere in the cold season at seasonal to multidecadal time scales

Science.gov (United States)

Frankignoul, C.

2017-12-01

Observational evidence of an atmospheric response to the North Atlantic horseshoe SST anomalies has been accumulating since the late 90's, suggesting that it drives a negative NAO response during late fall/early winter. The North Atlantic horseshoe SST anomaly is in part stochastically driven by the atmosphere, but at low frequency it is correlated with the Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation (AMO). Correspondingly, an atmospheric response to the AMO has been detected at low frequency in winter, with a positive AMO phase leading a negative NAO-like pattern, consistent with sensitivity studies with atmospheric general circulation models. Both the subpolar and tropical components of the AMO seem to contribute to its influence on the atmosphere. As North Atlantic SST changes reflects internally-generated SST fluctuations as well the response to anthropogenic and other external forcing, the AMO is sensitive to the way the forced SST signal is removed; estimates of the natural variability of the AMO vary by as much as a factor of two between estimation methods, leading to possible biases in its alleged impacts. Since an intensification of the Atlantic meridional overturning circulation (AMOC) leads the AMO and drives a negative NAO in many climate models, albeit with different lead times, the relation between AMO and AMOC will be discussed, as well as possible links with the North Pacific and sea ice variability.

Interannual Variability of Northern Hemisphere Storm Tracks in Coarse-Gridded Datasets

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Timothy Paul Eichler

2013-01-01

Full Text Available Extratropical cyclones exert a large socioeconomic impact. It is therefore important to assess their interannual variability. We generate cyclone tracks from the National Center for Environmental Prediction’s Reanalysis I and the European Centre for Medium Range Prediction ERA-40 reanalysis datasets. To investigate the interannual variability of cyclone tracks, we compare the effects of El Niño, the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO, the Indian Ocean Dipole (IOD, and the Pacific North American Pattern (PNA on cyclone tracks. Composite analysis shows similar results for the impacts of El Niño, NAO, and the PNA on NH storm tracks. Although it is encouraging, we also found regional differences when comparing reanalysis datasets. The results for the IOD suggested a wave-like alteration of cyclone frequency across the northern US/Canada possibly related to Rossby wave propagation. Partial correlation demonstrates that although El Niño affects cyclone frequency in the North Pacific and along the US east coast, its impact on the North Pacific is accomplished via the PNA. Similarly, the PNA’s impact on US east coast storms is modulated via El Niño. In contrast, the impacts of the NAO extend as far west as the North Pacific and are not influenced by either the PNA or El Niño.

Sea Surface Temperature Records Using Sr/Ca Ratios in a Siderastrea siderea Coral from SE Cuba

Science.gov (United States)

Fargher, H. A.; Hughen, K. A.; Ossolinski, J. E.; Bretos, F.; Siciliano, D.; Gonzalez, P.

2015-12-01

Sea surface temperature (SST) variability from Cuba remains relatively unknown compared to the rest of the Caribbean. Cuba sits near an inflection point in the spatial pattern of SST from the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO), and long SST records from the region could reveal changes in the influence of this climate system through time. A Siderastrea siderea coral from the Jardínes de la Reina in southern Cuba was drilled to obtain a 220 year long archive of environmental change. The genus Siderastrea has not been extensively studied as an SST archive, yet Sr/Ca ratios in the Cuban core show a clear seasonal signal and strong correlation to instrumental SST data (r2 = 0.86 and 0.36 for monthly and interannual (winter season) timescales, respectively). Annual growth rates (linear extension) of the coral are observed to have a minor influence on Sr/Ca variability, but do not show a direct correlation to SST on timescales from annual to multidecadal. Sr/Ca measurements from the Cuban coral are used to reconstruct monthly and seasonal (winter, summer) SST extending back more than two centuries. Wintertime SST in southern Cuba is compared to other coral Sr/Ca records of winter-season SST from locations sensitive to the NAO in order to investigate the stationarity of the NAO SST 'fingerprint' through time.

Influência de diferentes comprimentos de onda da laserterapia de baixa intensidade na regeneração tendínea do rato após tenotomia Influence of different low-intensity laser therapy wavelengths for rat tendon regeneration following tenotomy

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

ERB Arruda

2007-08-01

Full Text Available OBJETIVO: Comparar a influência da terapia laser baixa intensidade (TLBI na organização das fibras de colágeno, na dose de 3J/cm² em dois comprimentos de onda (lambda (670nm e 904nm e na associação de ambos, durante o reparo do tendão calcâneo de ratos. MÉTODO Foram utilizadas 37 ratas da raça Wistar divididas em 5 grupos, submetidas a tenotomia total por meio de cisalhamento transversal do tendão na porção média entre a inserção calcânea e a junção miotendínea, com exceção do grupo GP (n= 6 que não houve lesão. O grupo GA (n= 8 foi submetido à irradiação laser lambda= 904nm, diodo de GaAs, emissão pulsada, duração do pulso de 180ns, freqüência de pulso de 2000Hz e potência de pico de 15W e dose de 3J/cm². O grupo GB (n= 8 foi submetido à irradiação laser lambda= 670nm, diodo de AlGaInP, emissão contínua, potência 30mW e dose de 3J/cm². O grupo GAB (n= 8 recebeu irradiação de ambos os lasers 670nm e 904nm associados. O grupo GCL (n= 7 foi submetido a um tratamento placebo, assim como um grupo padrão. Após um total de 12 sessões de laserterapia, os animais foram submetidos à eutanásia no 14º dia pós-operatório. Após processamento histológico padrão, foi realizada a quantificação do retardo óptico pela birrefringência. RESULTADOS: A análise estatística mostra que todos os grupos irradiados apresentaram valores de retardo óptico maiores quando comparados ao grupo placebo (p= 0,00001, o que indica que apresentaram melhor organização das fibras colágenas ao longo do eixo longitudinal do tendão, evidenciando melhor qualidade no reparo. O grupo GAB foi o que apresentou melhores resultados (p= 0,00001 quando comparado aos demais grupos, excetuando-se o GP, que é o referencial de retardo óptico para esta faixa etária.OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to compare the effect of the low level laser therapy in the organization of the collagen fibers with 3 J/cm² of dose in two

Vacinação contra Haemophilus influenzae tipo b: proteção a longo prazo Haemophilus influenzae type b vaccination: long term protection

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Cristiana M. Nascimento-Carvalho

2006-07-01

Full Text Available OBJETIVO: Identificar as evidências sobre o impacto da vacina conjugada para Haemophilus influenzae tipo b (Hib na epidemiologia da doença invasiva por Hib. FONTE DOS DADOS: Pesquisa nas bases de dados do MEDLINE, LILACS, publicações técnicas de organizações internacionais, diretrizes nacionais e internacionais, nos últimos 15 anos (1991-2005, utilizando os seguintes unitermos: Haemophilus influenzae type b, immunization, impact, effectiveness. Foram incluídas as publicações que apresentaram informação para atender o objetivo deste artigo. Artigos publicados em período anterior ao da pesquisa e citados em referências dos artigos incluídos foram analisados quanto à apresentação de informação de interesse. SÍNTESE DOS DADOS: A introdução da vacina conjugada para Hib produziu grande declínio na incidência de casos de doença invasiva por Hib nos diversos países em que seu uso foi incorporado à rotina de vacinação das crianças. No entanto, o ressurgimento de casos com doença invasiva por Hib tem mobilizado vários investigadores na busca das possíveis explicações para esses eventos, bem como a identificação das medidas a serem implementadas para evitar o reaparecimento da doença. CONCLUSÕES: O uso da vacina conjugada para Hib em escala populacional tem sido extremamente efetivo. No entanto, mudanças no esquema vacinal poderão ser necessárias para a manutenção do controle da doença invasiva por Hib, frente ao atual cenário epidemiológico das infecções pelo Hib.OBJECTIVE: To identify evidence of the impact of Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib conjugate vaccine on the epidemiology of invasive Hib disease. SOURCES OF DATA: This review was based on a search of MEDLINE, LILACS, technical reports, national and international guidelines (publications from 1991 to 2005. The keywords Haemophilus influenzae type b, immunization, impact and effectiveness, alone or in combination, were used to retrieve the

Densification of ∼5 nm-thick SiO_2 layers by nitric acid oxidation

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Choi, Jaeyoung; Joo, Soyeong; Park, Tae Joo; Kim, Woo-Byoung

2017-01-01

Highlights: • Leakage current density of the commercial PECVD grown ∼5 nm SiO_2 layer has been decreased about three orders of magnitude by densification. • The densification of SiO_2 layer is achieved by high oxidation ability of O·. • Densities of suboxide, fixed charge (N_f) and defect state (N_d) in SiO_2/Si interface are decreased by NAOS and PMA. • Tunneling barrier height (Φ_t) is increased because of the increase of atomic density in SiO_2 layer. - Abstract: Low-temperature nitric acid (HNO_3) oxidation of Si (NAOS) has been used to improve the interface and electrical properties of ∼5 nm-thick SiO_2/Si layers produced by plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition (PECVD). Investigations of the physical properties and electrical characteristics of these thin films revealed that although their thickness is not changed by NAOS, the leakage current density at a gate bias voltage of −1 V decreases by about two orders of magnitude from 1.868 × 10"−"5 A/cm"2. This leakage current density was further reduced by post-metallization annealing (PMA) at 250 °C for 10 min in a 5 vol.% hydrogen atmosphere, eventually reaching a level (5.2 × 10"−"8 A/cm"2) approximately three orders of magnitude less than the as-grown SiO_2 layer. This improvement is attributed to a decrease in the concentration of suboxide species (Si"1"+, Si"2"+ and Si"3"+) in the SiO_2/Si interface, as well as a decrease in the equilibrium density of defect sites (N_d) and fixed charge density (N_f). The barrier height (Φ_t) generated by a Poole-Frenkel mechanism also increased from 0.205 to 0.371 eV after NAOS and PMA. The decrease in leakage current density is therefore attributed to a densification of the SiO_2 layer in combination with the removal of OH species and increase in interfacial properties at the SiO_2/Si interface.

A switch in the Atlantic Oscillation correlates with inter-annual changes in foraging location and food habits of Macaronesian shearwaters (Puffinus baroli) nesting on two islands of the sub-tropical Atlantic Ocean

Science.gov (United States)

Ramos, Jaime A.; Isabel Fagundes, Ana; Xavier, José C.; Fidalgo, Vera; Ceia, Filipe R.; Medeiros, Renata; Paiva, Vitor H.

2015-10-01

Changes in oceanographic conditions, shaped by changes in large-scale atmospheric phenomena such as the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO), alters the structure and functioning of marine ecosystems. Such signals are readily captured by marine top predators, given that their use of foraging habitats and diets change when the NAO changes. In this study we assessed sexual, seasonal and annual (2010/11-2012/13) differences in diet, trophic and isotopic niche (using δ15N and δ13C values of whole blood, 1st primary, 8th secondary and breast feathers), foraging locations and oceanographic variation within foraging areas for Macaronesian shearwaters' (Puffinus baroli) during two years of contrasting NAO values, and between two sub-tropical islands 330 km apart in the North Atlantic Ocean, Cima Islet and Selvagem Grande. These two locations provide contrasting oceanographic foraging regimes for the birds, because the second colony is much closer to the African coast (375 vs 650 km), and, therefore, to the upwelling area of the Canary Current. There was a marked environmental perturbation in 2010/2011, related with a negative NAO Index and lower marine productivity (lower concentration of Chlorophyll a). This event corresponded to the Macaronesian shearwaters feeding farther north and west, which was readily seen in change of both δ15N and δ13C values, and in a higher intake of cephalopods. Diet and stable isotopes did not differ between sexes. Regurgitation analysis indicate a dominance of cephalopods in both islands, but prey fish were important for Selvagem Grande in 2012 and cephalopods for Cima Islet in 2011. Both δ15N and δ13C values were significantly higher for Cima Islet than for Selvagem Grande, irrespective of year, season and tissue sampled. SIBER analysis showed smaller isotopic niches for the breeding period. Our study suggests that during years of poor environmental conditions Macaronesian shearwaters shift their foraging location to more pelagic waters

DOI: 10.4025/actascibiolsci.v33i3.8011 Acta Scientiarum. Biological Sciences Maringá, v. 33, n. 3, p. 239-246, 2011 Acute inflammatory response in Nile tilapia fed probiotic Lactobacillus plantarum in the diet = Resposta inflamatória aguda em tilápia do Nilo alimentada com probiótico, Lactobacillus plantarum na dieta

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Geovana Dotta

2011-07-01

Full Text Available The present study evaluated the acute inflammatory response induced bycarrageenin (500 £gg injected in the swim bladder of Nile tilapia, after fed or not probiotic supplemented diet. Fifty four fish were distributed in six treatments and three replicates: Group A: Fish fed unsupplemented diet: 0.5 mL saline-injected fish; fish injected with 500 £gg carrageenin diluted in 0.5 mL saline; Non-injected. Group B: Fish fed probiotic supplemented diet: saline-injected fish; carrageenin-injected fish; Non-injected. Fifteen days after feeding the fish were injected with carrageenin or saline. After six hours, inflammatory exudate was collected, as well as the blood for hematocrit, red blood cell (RBC and white blood cell (WBC counts, differential count of leucocytes and phagocytic activity in the blood. Supplementation with probiotic did not influence the RBC, hematocrit and the numbers of lymphocytes and basophils in the blood. The number of neutrophils was significantly higher in supplemented fish injected with carrageenin. Glucose concentration in supplemented and non-injected fish was higher than that observed in the saline injected ones. Probiotic potentialized the migration of cells to the inflammatory focus in the animals injected with the carrageenin irritant. In fish injected with saline and carrageenin occurred the greatest phagocytic activity in the blood in relation to those treatments.Este trabalho avaliou a resposta inflamatoria aguda induzida por injecao de carragenina (500 ƒÝg na bexiga natatoria de tilapia do Nilo suplementada ou nao com probiotico na racao. Cinquenta e quatro animais foram distribuidos em seis tratamentos com tres repeticoes: Grupo A: peixes alimentados com racao naosuplementada: Controle (injecao de 0,5 mL de solucao salina esteril; Carragenina (injecao de500 £gg de carragenina; Nao-injetada. Grupo B: peixes alimentados com racao suplementada com probiotico: Controle; Carragenina; Nao-injetada. Apos 15 dias de

Local temperature fine-tunes the timing of spring migration in birds

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Tøttrup, Anders P.; Rainio, Kalle; Coppack, Timothy

2010-01-01

and predict consequences of climatic change for migratory birds. In order to better understand migration phenology and adaptation in environmental changes, we here assess the scale at which weather affects timing of spring migration in passerine birds. We use three commonly used proxies of spring......-time climatic conditions: (1) vegetation "greenness" (NDVI) in Europe, (2) local spring temperatures in northern Europe, and (3) the North Atlantic Oscillation Index (NAO) as predictors of the phenology of avian migration as well as the strength of their effect on different subsets of populations...... breeding area. Local temperature was the best single predictor of phenology with the highest explanatory power achieved in combination with NAO. Furthermore, early individuals are more affected by climatic variation compared to individuals on later passage, indicating that climatic change affects subsets...

The Study of Fractional Order Controller with SLAM in the Humanoid Robot

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Shuhuan Wen

2014-01-01

Full Text Available We present a fractional order PI controller (FOPI with SLAM method, and the proposed method is used in the simulation of navigation of NAO humanoid robot from Aldebaran. We can discretize the transfer function by the Al-Alaoui generating function and then get the FOPI controller by Power Series Expansion (PSE. FOPI can be used as a correction part to reduce the accumulated error of SLAM. In the FOPI controller, the parameters (Kp,Ki,  and  α need to be tuned to obtain the best performance. Finally, we compare the results of position without controller and with PI controller, FOPI controller. The simulations show that the FOPI controller can reduce the error between the real position and estimated position. The proposed method is efficient and reliable for NAO navigation.

Conduction velocity of the rabbit facial nerve: a noninvasive functional evaluation Velocidade de condução no nervo facial do coelho: uma avaliação funcional não invasiva

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Belmiro Cavalcanti do Egito Vasconcelos

2003-06-01

ós-operatório. O potencial de ação motora bilateral do nervo facial de 17 coelhos foi registrado no pré e no pós-operatório. Os eletrodos superficiais de estimulação foram colocados no pavilhão auricular (tronco do nervo facial e os eletrodos superficiais de gravação foram colocados no músculo quadratus labii inferior. Os nervos faciais foram isolados, transeccionados e separados a 10 mm. O espaço entre os dois cotos nervosos terminais foi reparado com enxertos nervosos autólogos e PTFE-e (politetrafluoretileno ou tubos de colágeno. A média da máxima velocidade de condução do nervo facial foi 41,10 m/s. Nenhuma condução nervosa foi observada no grupo avaliado após 15 dias. A velocidade de condução média nos subgrupos avaliados para o período de 2 e 4 meses foi de aproximadamente 50% do valor normal. A avaliação funcional não invasiva com eletrodos de superfície pode ser útil para a estimulação e registro do potencial de ação muscular e para medir o estado funcional do nervo facial.

Rinossinusite fúngica invasiva aguda com desfecho favorável

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Suzie Hyeona Kang

2012-10-01

Comentários:A freqüência das infecções micóticas do nariz e seios paranasais vem aumentando nas últimas décadas. Há um quadro febril, com ou sem sintomas nasais, sem resposta a antibióticos. Endoscopia nasal é o exame mais importante. O corneto médio costuma ser mais acometido. Não há sinais patognomônicos na TC, servindo mais como um instrumento de diagnóstico diferencial, planejamento e monitoramento pós-terapêutico. A correção concomitante de qualquer distúrbio metabólico ou imunológico subjacente é o fator prognóstico mais importante. Deve ser introduzida terapia antifúngica associada ao debridamento cirúrgico. É uma doença fatal com alta mortalidade e morbidade. Se for diagnosticada precocemente, terá um melhor prognóstico. Todas as unidades hospitalares com pacientes imunocomprometidos devem estabelecer políticas para reduzir risco de contaminação fúngica.

Aspergilose invasiva do seio esfenoidal e paralisia do sexto nervo

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Maria Inês de Vilhena Lana-Peixoto

1992-03-01

Full Text Available A aspergilose do seio esfenoidal é doença rara e pode se apresentar sob diferentes formas clínicas devido a envolvimento de. diversas estruturas anatomicamente adjacentes ao seio esfenoidal. Relatamos o caso de uma paciente com 74 anos de idade, diabética, com paralisia do sexto nervo esquerdo secundária a aspergilose do seio esfenoidal. Não havia história de cefaléia ou de queixas sugestivas de alergia respiratória. A tomografia computadorizada revelou lesão etmoídeo-esfenoidal à esquerda, com presença de imagem cálcica em seu interior e destruição óssea. A paciente foi submetida a cirurgia com retirada de material necrótico e debridamento da lesão, seguida de tratamento com anfote-ricina B e 5-fluorocitosina. Exame histológico revelou a presença de hifas sugestivas de Aspergilius sp. Após três meses de tratamento a paciente apresentou recuperação total da paresia do nervo abducente. O diagnóstico clínico pré-operatório de aspergilose do seio esfenoidal é difícil. No entanto, a presença de imagem cálcica ou de densidade metálica à radiografia simples de crânio ou à tomografia computadorizada sugere fortemente o diagnóstico. O exame hihstológico revela a presença de hifas dicotomatosas em 45,0 típicas do Aspergilius. O tratamento inclui excisão e debridamento da lesão seguida do uso de anfo-tericina B associada a 5-fluorocitosina ou rifampicina.

Toracotomia minimamente invasiva nas intervenções cirúrgicas valvares

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PEREIRA Marcelo Balestro

1998-01-01

Full Text Available Introdução: é tema atual a realização de procedimentos cirúrgicos por minitoracotomias que, inicialmente utilizadas para operações de revascularização do miocárdio, têm sido também propostas como acesso às operações valvares. O objetivo deste trabalho é analisar resultados da minitoracotomia em relação à técnica tradicional nas intervenções valvares, em estudo prospectivo. Casuística e métodos: entre novembro de 1996 e fevereiro de 1998, dois grupos, 8 pacientes operados por minitoracotomia (Grupo 1 e 8 controles (Grupo 2 equiparáveis nas variáveis sexo, idade, peso/altura, classe funcional pré-operatória, doença de base e operação proposta, foram submetidos a reparo ou troca valvar aórtica ou mitral. Os pacientes do Grupo 1 foram operados através de incisão paraesternal direita de até 8 cm, com circulação extracorpórea (CEC estabelecida através de canulação arterial e venosa femorais e os do Grupo 2 (controles por esternotomia mediana. Ambos os grupos foram acompanhados até a alta hospitalar. Resultados: Os parâmetros avaliados no trans-operatório e pós-operatório, bem como a análise estatística constam nas Tabelas 1 e 2. Não ocorreram óbitos imediatos. Duas complicações foram registradas: um infarto per-operatório e um acidente vascular cerebral no Grupo 2. Conclusão: os resultados parciais permitem inferir que a abordagem através de pequenas toracotomias é factível sem aumento na morbimortalidade, do tempo cirúrgico ou da estadia hospitalar. Possíveis vantagens objetivas de um método em relação a outro, exceto o aspecto estético, não estão evidentes até esta etapa do estudo.

Aplicação da metodologia da assistência a pacientes com Lúpus Eritematoso Sistêmico em pulsoterapia: uma experiência docente

OpenAIRE

Reis, Maria Gorette dos; Loureiro, Marisa Dias Rolan; Silva, Maria da Graça da

2007-01-01

Este trabalho é um relato de experiência do ensino de Enfermagem Clínica para alunos de graduação, no qual foi utilizada a metodologia de assistência de enfermagem como estratégia de ensino. Aplicada a pessoas adultas, portadoras de Lúpus Eritematoso Sistêmico (LES), em sua maioria mulheres jovens, submetidas a pulsoterapia, uma modalidade terapêutica que, por meio da imunossupressão, reduz o processo inflamatório causado pelos autoanticorpos. Desta forma, a assistência é sistematizada, indiv...

Efectividad Detección de glicoconjugados en las vellosidades placentarias porcinas de diferentes períodos gestacionales - Detection of glycoconjugates in porcine placental villi from different gestational periods

OpenAIRE

Sanchis, Eva Gabriela; Merkis, Cecilia Inés; Koncurat, Mirta Adriana

2009-01-01

ResumenLa placenta porcina es epiteliocorial, no invasiva, difusa, plegada yadecidua. Dado que los residuos sacáridos desempeñan funciones dereconocimiento y adhesión celular, su presencia en la interfaseplacentaria es de sumo interés. El objetivo fue investigar losglicoconjugados presentes en las vellosidades placentarias porcinasde la interfase en diferentes períodos gestacionales, con el fin deampliar nuestros conocimientos sobre los mecanismos involucradosen la gestación y placentación. S...

Estimación del gasto cardíaco: Utilidad en la práctica clínica. Monitorización disponible invasiva y no invasiva

OpenAIRE

García, X.; Mateu, L.; Maynar, J.; Mercadal, J.; Ochagavía, A.; Ferrandiz, A.

2011-01-01

Esta revisión pretende profundizar en el conocimiento del gasto cardíaco, sus variables y sus condicionantes, así como repasar exhaustivamente las diferentes técnicas disponibles para su monitorización y establecer las situaciones en que el conocimiento del gasto cardíaco nos aporta una información fundamental en el manejo del paciente crítico. La técnica de Fick, utilizada en los inicios para calcular el gasto cardíaco de los pacientes, ha sido sustituida hoy en día en la práctica clínica po...

INFLUÊNCIA DA LASERTERAPIA NA DOR E QUALIDADE DE VIDA EM MULHERES COM FIBROMIALGIA

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Renato Canevari Dutra da Silva

2014-12-01

Full Text Available Fibromyalgia is a painful and non-inflammatory syndrome. The main symptom is widespread and chronic musculoskeletal pain, which is often associated with other physical and emotional components, with negative impact on the quality of life of these patients. Currently, the most accepted hypothesis for the etiology of painful sensation in fibromyalgia is based on changes in the central processing of pain. The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of laser therapy on pain and the quality of life of women with fibromyalgia. The study included 9 women with a confirmed diagnosis of fibromyalgia, which underwent 10 consecutive sessions with 830 nm laser and dosimetry of 5 J/cm² applied only on painful tender points of digital palpation. We conducted evaluation of pain intensity before and after intervention with laser therapy using a visual analogue scale (VAS. To assess quality of life, two questionnaires were used: the Medical Outcomes Study 36-item Short-Form Health Survey (SF-36 and the Fibromyalgia Impact Questionnaire (FIQ, which were performed before and after the treatment with laser therapy. For the pain intensity evaluated through VAS, no significant difference was observed after the treatment, (p=3.03. Regarding the SF-36, there were statistically significant differences in overall score (p=0.018, and we observed statistically significant differences in pain variables (p=0.032 and general health status (p=0.027. In FIQ, the overall score showed statistically significant difference, as (p=0.002, and in relation to FIQ, there was statistically significant difference in well-being (p=0.007, difficulties at work (p=0.048, pain (p=0.00, stiffness (p=0.033, and sleep (p=0.021. We found that physical therapy intervention with laser therapy promotes pain relief and quality of life in women with fibromyalgia.

Neli jaapani mängufilmi / Lauri Kitsnik

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

Kitsnik, Lauri

2008-01-01

Jaapani filmidest: "Elagu filmitegija!" ("Kantoku banzai") rezh. Takeshi Kitano (2007); "Sukiyaki Western Django" rezh. Takashi Miike (2007); "Hana" ("Hana yori mo nao)" rezh. Kore-eda Hirokazu (2006); "Leinav mets" ("Mogari no mori") rezh. Kawase Naomi (2007)

Astronomical databases of Nikolaev Observatory

Science.gov (United States)

Protsyuk, Y.; Mazhaev, A.

2008-07-01

Several astronomical databases were created at Nikolaev Observatory during the last years. The databases are built by using MySQL search engine and PHP scripts. They are available on NAO web-site http://www.mao.nikolaev.ua.

The North Atlantic Oscillation system and plant phenology

Czech Academy of Sciences Publication Activity Database

Hubálek, Zdeněk

2016-01-01

Roč. 60, č. 5 (2016), s. 749-756 ISSN 0020-7128 Institutional support: RVO:68081766 Keywords : NAO * atmospheric circulation * weather * temperature * flowering timing * Czech Republic Subject RIV: EH - Ecology, Behaviour Impact factor: 2.204, year: 2016

Invasive Hemodynamic Monitoring in Small Animals/ Monitoramento Hemodinâmico Invasivo em Pequenos Animais

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Paulo Sérgio Patto dos Santos

2002-05-01

Full Text Available The aim of this paper was to revise the several homodynamic variables that can be monitored by invasive techniques, direct or indirectly, such as arterial pressure, central venous pressure, cardiac output, systemic vascular resistance, among others. Such techniques offer more accuracy and reliability, and also allow a continuous monitoring, being of great importance and utility in the treatment of the critically ill patient. As they are invasive techniques, they aren’t free of risks and the professional must decide for their utilization analysing the advantages and disadvantages.Com este artigo objetivou-se revisar os diversos parâmetros hemodinâmicos que podem ser monitorados de maneira invasiva, direta ou indiretamente, como a pressão arterial, pressão venosa central, débito cardíaco, resistência vascular periférica, entre outros. Tais técnicas oferecem uma maior confiabilidade e precisão, além de permitirem um monitoramento contínuo, sendo de grande importância e utilidade no tratamento de pacientes em estado crítico. Por serem técnicas invasivas, não são isentas de risco, cabendo ao profissional, face as vantagens e desvantagens inerentes a cada uma, bem como ao estado clínico do paciente, optar ou não pela sua utilização.

IGF-II Y LA GONADOTROPINA CORIONICA REGULAN LA PROLIFERACION, MIGRACION E INVASION DE CELULAS DE TROFOBLASTO HUMANO.

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Ricardo Julian Cabezas-Perez

2011-01-01

Full Text Available Son conocidas las propiedades del factor de crecimiento similar a la insulina IGF-II y de la hormona Gonadotropina Coriónica (hCG en la implantación y migración trofoblástica, sin embargo los mecanismos a través de los cuales ejercen sus efectos no han sido identificados. El objetivo de este estudio fue establecer la interacción potencial entre los efectos funcionales de hCG y el IGF-II en la regulación de la proliferación, migración e invasión trofoblástica. Utilizando la línea celular HTR-8/SVneo de trofoblasto extravelloso se pudo demostrar que tanto IGF-II como hCG estimulan la proliferación y migración celular sin observarse efectos aditivos en sus acciones, lo cual es indicativo independencia de sus mecanismos. En contraste, la capacidad invasiva del trofoblasto fue regulada por IGF-II y hCG, dando como resultado efectos aditivos o un potencial sinergismo entre las dos hormonas. En conclusión, nuestros resultados muestran la existencia de interacciones entre las acciones biológicas de IGF-II y hCG en la regulación de la capacidad invasiva de células trofoblásticas y contribuyen al entendimiento de la biología del trofoblasto y de su malignización.

Effect of Zhen Nao Capsules on Consolidated Disturbance of Memory Induced by NaNO2 in Mice%珍脑胶囊对NaNO2所致记忆巩固障碍小鼠学习记忆能力的影响

Institute of Scientific and Technical Information of China (English)

陈艳萍

2009-01-01

Objective To investigate the effects of Zhen Nao Capsules(ZN) on consolidated disturbance of memory in mice. Methods The memory deficits mice were induced by hypodermic injection of sodium nitrite(120mg·kg-1).Foraging maze and step-down tests were performed to evaluate the learning and memory of the deficits mice.Results ZN(2 000mg·kg-1 and 1 000 mg·kg-1) remarkably reduced the number of trials in labyrinth test and reduced the mistake times of step-down and prolonged step down latency in step-down tests. Conclusion It showed that ZN had a better improvement function on learning and memory in memory deficits mice.%目的 观察珍脑胶囊对亚硝酸钠(NaNO2)所致记忆巩固障碍小鼠学习记忆能力的影响.方法 采用皮下注射NaNO2制造记忆巩固障碍模型,通过迷宫试验和跳台试验,观察药物时模型小鼠学习记忆能力的影响.结果 珍脑胶囊可缩短迷宫试验中记忆巩固障碍小鼠的觅食时间;能够延长跳台试验中记忆巩固障碍小鼠的触电潜伏期,减少小鼠的错误次数.高、中剂量效果较好.结论 珍脑胶囊有改善学习记忆能力作用.

«Approchez avec crainte de Dieu, foi et amour» : le programme iconographique de la travée occidentale de l’abside en Moldavie (XVe – XVIe siècles

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Vlad Bedros

2015-12-01

Full Text Available This paper, informed by an inventory of the apse iconography in Moldavian monuments from the late 15th to the first half of the 16th century, draws attention to an overlooked element of the otherwise familiar iconographic system employed – with occasional nuances – within the Post-Byzantine tradition in the aftermath of the Alosis: the selection of themes to be displayed in the bay which links the apse to the naos. The arrangements encountered in monuments dating from (approx. 1490 to 1535 put forward a variety of formulas which – although described in a sequence that deliberately emphasizes the similarities which came across – are nonetheless indicative of a broad and not necessarily fluent use of the late Byzantine tradition. It seems that the basic message conveyed by these iconographic boundaries aims at stressing the holiness of the sanctuary (involving a separation from the iconography of the naos, in the cases of Probota and Saint-Georges in Suceava but also, in a manner which could be informed by the late Byzantine perception of the liturgy – as deduced from the writings of Nicolas Cabasilas and St. Simeon of Thessaloniki –, at joining together naos and apse, via ‘iconographic belts’ (most frequently the Passion cycle, which sets out from and ends up in the sanctuary. The abundance of theophanic themes invites one to consider this iconographic thresholds in relation with the receiving of Communion, administered on the solea which lies underneath.

Cold-season atmospheric response to the natural variability of the Atlantic meridional overturning circulation

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Gastineau, Guillaume; Frankignoul, Claude [LOCEAN/IPSL, Universite Pierre et Marie Curie, 4 place Jussieu, BP100, Paris Cedex 05 (France)

2012-07-15

The influence of the natural variability of the Atlantic meridional overturning circulation (AMOC) on the atmosphere is studied in multi-centennial simulations of six global climate models, using Maximum Covariance Analysis (MCA). In all models, a significant but weak influence of the AMOC changes is found during the Northern Hemisphere cold-season, when the ocean leads the atmosphere by a few years. Although the oceanic pattern slightly varies, an intensification of the AMOC is followed in all models by a weak sea level pressure response that resembles a negative phase of the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO). The signal amplitude is typically 0.5 hPa and explains about 10% of the yearly variability of the NAO in all models. The atmospheric response seems to be due primarily due to an increase of the heat loss along the North Atlantic Current and the subpolar gyre, associated with an AMOC-driven warming. Sea-ice changes appear to be less important. The stronger heating is associated to a southward shift of the lower-tropospheric baroclinicity and a decrease of the eddy activity in the North Atlantic storm track, which is consistent with the equivalent barotropic perturbation resembling the negative phase of the NAO. This study thus provides some evidence of an atmospheric signature of the AMOC in the cold-season, which may have some implications for the decadal predictability of climate in the North Atlantic region. (orig.)

Humanoid assessing rehabilitative exercises.

Science.gov (United States)

Simonov, M; Delconte, G

2015-01-01

This article is part of the Focus Theme of Methods of Information in Medicine on "New Methodologies for Patients Rehabilitation". The article presents the approach in which the rehabilitative exercise prepared by healthcare professional is encoded as formal knowledge and used by humanoid robot to assist patients without involving other care actors. The main objective is the use of humanoids in rehabilitative care. An example is pulmonary rehabilitation in COPD patients. Another goal is the automated judgment functionality to determine how the rehabilitation exercise matches the pre-programmed correct sequence. We use the Aldebaran Robotics' NAO humanoid to set up artificial cognitive application. Pre-programmed NAO induces elderly patient to undertake humanoid-driven rehabilitation exercise, but needs to evaluate the human actions against the correct template. Patient is observed using NAO's eyes. We use the Microsoft Kinect SDK to extract motion path from the humanoid's recorded video. We compare human- and humanoid-operated process sequences by using the Dynamic Time Warping (DTW) and test the prototype. This artificial cognitive software showcases the use of DTW algorithm to enable humanoids to judge in near real-time about the correctness of rehabilitative exercises performed by patients following the robot's indications. One could enable better sustainable rehabilitative care services in remote residential settings by combining intelligent applications piloting humanoids with the DTW pattern matching algorithm applied at run time to compare humanoid- and human-operated process sequences. In turn, it will lower the need of human care.

Lesões vasculares tratadas com cerclagem e radiofreqüência

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Maria Isabel Cárdenas

2010-09-01

Full Text Available Hemangioma capilar é tumor benigno de células endoteliais, comum na infância, com história natural de involução espontânea. As manchas vinho do porto são malformaçõesvasculares constituídas por dilatações capilares e caracterizadas inicialmente por manchas de coloração rosada a vermelho-violácea. Presentes ao nascimento, são habitualmente permanentes, podendo tornar-se espessadas e causar deformidades. Muitos tratamentos têm sido propostos – crioterapia, cirurgia, corticoterapia, radioterapia e laserterapia –, porém envolvem dificuldades técnicas, alto custo, complicações ou resultados inestéticos. Neste trabalho, propõe-se nova associação de técnicas, de fácil execução e baixo custo: a cerclagem percutânea e eletrocirurgia por radiofrequência para tratamento de lesõeshipertróficas de origem vascular.

O ecologismo dos pobres

OpenAIRE

ALIER, Juan Martinez

1997-01-01

O ecologísmo tem colocado em cheque as leis capitalistas de mercado, principalmente na sua fase globalizada, devido à apropriação e exploração inconsequente dos recursos naturais. Ao mesmo tempo tem apontado que o meio ambiente não se reduz ao tratamento somente cientifico da natureza. O presente artigo ressalta aspectos importantes do ecologísmo como a participação das mulheres, o marxismo, o neo-narodnismo, etc. e é rico em exemplos de problemas ambientais decorrentes das relações de produç...

Hipotermia terapêutica como ponte até transplante em pacientes com falência hepática fulminante

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Luis Castillo

2015-03-01

Full Text Available Os tópicos mais importantes na falência hepática fulminante são o edema cerebral e a hipertensão intracraniana. Dentre todas as opções terapêuticas, tem sido relatado que a hipotermia sistêmica induzida em níveis entre 33 - 34ºC reduz a elevação da pressão e aumenta o tempo durante o qual os pacientes podem tolerar um enxerto. Esta revisão discutiu as indicações e os efeitos adversos da hipotermia.

Atividade física como discriminador da ausência de hipertensão arterial em homens adultos

OpenAIRE

Francisco Jose Gondim Pitanga; Luiz Alberto Bastos de Almeida; Marcela Mota Freitas; Cristiano Penas Seara Pitanga; Carmem Cristina Beck

2014-01-01

Introdução: Diversos estudos epidemiológicos demonstram que a atividade física reduz a pressão arterial, porém a quantidade necessária para que estes benefícios sejam alcançados permanece especulativa. Objetivo: Analisar a quantidade (duração e intensidade) de atividade física em seus diferentes domínios (trabalho, deslocamento, atividade doméstica e tempo livre) como discriminador da ausência de hipertensão arterial em adultos do sexo masculino. Métodos: Estudo transversal realizado...

Proposta de arquitetura e solução de gerenciamento de credenciais para autenticação e autorização em ambientes de computação em nuvem.

OpenAIRE

Nelson Mimura Gonzalez

2014-01-01

O modelo de computação em nuvem (cloud computing) reúne características como elasticidade, compartilhamento de recursos, obtenção de serviços sob demanda, e escalabilidade. Este modelo aumenta a eficiência de utilização de recursos, reduzindo drasticamente o custo de manutenção de infraestruturas de hardware e software. Contudo, diversos problemas relacionados a aspectos de segurança são observados nos ambientes de nuvem, o que reduz a adoção da tecnologia de maneira significativa. Os princip...

Qualidade de alface crespa minimamente processada armazenada sob refrigeração em dois sistemas de embalagem Quality of fresh-cut crisphead lettuce stored under refrigeration and two packaging systems

OpenAIRE

Leonora M Mattos; Celso Luiz Moretti; Adimilson B Chitarra; Mônica ET Prado

2007-01-01

O processamento mínimo acelera a perda de qualidade, reduz a vida de prateleira e modifica os atributos sensoriais de frutas e hortaliças. A alface minimamente processada sofre ainda o efeito do escurecimento enzimático resultante da descompartimentação de enzimas e seus substratos. Neste trabalho, avaliou-se a qualidade química, física e bioquímica de alface crespa minimamente processada e armazenada sob refrigeração em dois sistemas de embalagem. A alface cv. Verônica foi colhida em campos ...

Efeitos do exercício físico no controle da hipertensão arterial em idosos: uma revisão sistemática

OpenAIRE

Nogueira,Ingrid Correia; Santos,Zélia Maria de Sousa Araújo; Mont'Alverne,Daniela Gardano Bucharles; Martins,Aline Barbosa Teixeira; Magalhães,Clarissa Bentes de Araujo

2012-01-01

O exercício físico é uma das principais terapêuticas utilizadas para o paciente hipertenso, pois reduz a pressão arterial (PA) e os fatores de risco cardiovasculares, diminuindo a morbimortalidade. OBJETIVO: Analisar os efeitos do exercício físico na PA de idosos hipertensos, com base nos resultados de pesquisas empíricas realizadas no período de 2000 a 2010. METODOLOGIA: Revisão sistemática de estudos experimentais, em inglês, português e espanhol, nas bases eletrônicas MEDLINE, PubMed, Lila...

Por uma sócio-musicologia ancorada na semiologia da enunciação: uma alternativa para o estudo do acontecimento musical urbano na presente modernidade

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Regina Marcia Simão Santos

1998-08-01

Full Text Available O objetivo deste artigo é apontar para uma sócio-semiologia em música, na vertente dos estudos de enunciação e analise dos discursos, em resposta a lacunas detectadas nas pesquisas musicológicas. Traz contribuições para a atualização do debate sobre comunicação, ao considerar o funcionamento enunciativo em cada situaçnao concreta de performance, constituído de cena social e cena enunciativa, com dispositivos contextuais e intertextuais postos em jogo na produção e na recepção, gerando sentidos. Conclui pela bénefica adoaçnao deste enfoque metodológico no estudo do acontecimento musical urbano, superando os limites de uma analise estrutural, com seus recortes teóricos, por outra que considere sentidos inscritos no social.

[Achievements and enlightenment of modern acupuncture therapy for stroke based on the neuroanatomy].

Science.gov (United States)

Chen, Li-Fang; Fang, Jian-Qiao; Chen, Lu-Ni; Wang, Chao

2014-04-01

Up to now, in the treatment of stroke patients by acupuncture therapy, three main representative achievements involving scalp acupuncture intervention, "Xing Nao Kai Qiao" (restoring consciousness and inducing resuscitation) acupuncture technique and nape acupuncture therapy have been got. Regarding their neurobiological mechanisms, the scalp acupuncture therapy is based on the functional localization of the cerebral cortex, "Xing Nao Kai Qiao" acupuncture therapy is closely related to nerve stem stimulation, and the nape acupuncture therapy is based on the nerve innervation of the regional neck-nape area in obtaining therapeutic effects. In fact, effects of these three acupuncture interventions are all closely associated with the modern neuroanatomy. In the treatment of post-stroke spastic paralysis, cognitive disorder and depression with acupuncture therapy, modern neuroanatomical knowledge should be one of the key theoretical basis and new therapeutic techniques should be explored and developed continuously.

Gammagrafía salivar en síndrome de Sjogren

OpenAIRE

Cano, Roque

1983-01-01

Teniendo en cuenta que el Pertecnetato de Tc-99m es captado por tejido glandular funcionante de las glándulas salivales, hemos evaluado y objetivado la disminución de esta captación en los casos de inflamación crónica de distinta evolución de las parotidas. Nuestros resultados son alentadores en el sentido que esta prueba no es invasiva y por lo tanto no pone en riesgo al paciente ni al médico.

Desarrollo de una herramienta de arquitectura abierta para la visualización y análisis de señales EEG

OpenAIRE

Arango, Ramiro; Naranjo, John Jairo

2010-01-01

El sistema nervioso funciona mediante contactos eléctricos entre neuronas, configurando circuitos específicos para cada función neurológica. La electroencefalografía es una técnica exploratoria no invasiva, que permite registrar la actividad bioeléctrica (ondas cerebrales) de las neuronas de la corteza cerebral, mediante unos aparatos adecuados y la colocación previa de unos electrodos, en unas posiciones estándar. El registro gráfico obtenido se denomina electroencefalogr...

Microdureza de caries incipientes artificiales infiltradas con resinas de baja viscosidad antes y después del termociclado

OpenAIRE

X. Zamorano Pino; V. Valenzuela Aránguiz; C. Vial Prado; M. Vidal Tardón

2015-01-01

Introducción: En Odontología Mínimamente Invasiva, el procedimiento denominado Infiltración de caries, pretende detener la progresión de las caries incipientes mediante el sellado de las microporosidades del esmalte afectado. Este tratamiento se realiza con la aplicación de resinas de baja viscosidad. El objetivo de este trabajo fue evaluar la microdureza superficial de caries incipientes artificiales infiltradas con resinas de baja viscosidad antes y después del proceso de termociclado. Meto...

Aspergilosis cervical con diseminaci?n al sistema nervioso central. Presentaci?n de un caso y revisi?n de bibliograf?a

OpenAIRE

Vergara, Guillermo Enrique; Roura, Natalia; del Castillo, Marcelo; Mora, Andrea; Alcorta, Santiago Condomi; Mormandi, Rub?n; Cervio, Andr?s; Salvat, Jorge

2015-01-01

Introducci?n: la Aspergilosis Invasiva (AI) del Sistema Nervioso Central (SNC) es infrecuente y ocurre generalmente en pacientes inmunocomprometidos. Puede presentarse con cuadros de meningitis, aneurismas mic?ticos, infartos o abscesos. Es una infecci?n con pron?stico reservado y puede afectar el SNC de forma primaria o secundaria a partir de un foco que se disemina por v?a hemat?gena. Presentamos el caso de un paciente con AI con invasi?n primaria a nivel ?seo y diseminaci?n posterior al ce...

Innovative UK Approaches to Acquisition Management

Science.gov (United States)

2009-05-01

Financial and Operational Imperatives Size of UK armed forces UK Industry ? Political influence PFI / PPP Increased Scrutiny - NAO “ Commercialisation “ of the...acquisition KNOWLEDGE (EXPERIENCE – Lessons learned) KNOWLEDGE (Training) KNOWLEDGE ( Education ) OPTIMAL OPERATIONAL PERFORMANCE Operational Capability UK

MINIMALLY INVASIVE SURGERY FOR GASTRIC CANCER: TIME TO CHANGE THE PARADIGM.

Science.gov (United States)

Barchi, Leandro Cardoso; Jacob, Carlos Eduardos; Bresciani, Cláudio José Caldas; Yagi, Osmar Kenji; Mucerino, Donato Roberto; Lopasso, Fábio Pinatel; Mester, Marcelo; Ribeiro-Júnior, Ulysses; Dias, André Roncon; Ramos, Marcus Fernando Kodama Pertille; Cecconello, Ivan; Zilberstein, Bruno

2016-01-01

Minimally invasive surgery widely used to treat benign disorders of the digestive system, has become the focus of intense study in recent years in the field of surgical oncology. Since then, the experience with this kind of approach has grown, aiming to provide the same oncological outcomes and survival to conventional surgery. Regarding gastric cancer, surgery is still considered the only curative treatment, considering the extent of resection and lymphadenectomy performed. Conventional surgery remains the main modality performed worldwide. Notwithstanding, the role of the minimally invasive access is yet to be clarified. To evaluate and summarize the current status of minimally invasive resection of gastric cancer. A literature review was performed using Medline/PubMed, Cochrane Library and SciELO with the following headings: gastric cancer, minimally invasive surgery, robotic gastrectomy, laparoscopic gastrectomy, stomach cancer. The language used for the research was English. 28 articles were considered, including randomized controlled trials, meta-analyzes, prospective and retrospective cohort studies. Minimally invasive gastrectomy may be considered as a technical option in the treatment of early gastric cancer. As for advanced cancer, recent studies have demonstrated the safety and feasibility of the laparoscopic approach. Robotic gastrectomy will probably improve outcomes obtained with laparoscopy. However, high cost is still a barrier to its use on a large scale. A cirurgia minimamente invasiva amplamente usada para tratar doenças benignas do aparelho digestivo, tornou-se o foco de intenso estudo nos últimos anos no campo da oncologia cirúrgica. Desde então, a experiência com este tipo de abordagem tem crescido, com o objetivo de fornecer os mesmos resultados oncológicos e sobrevivência à cirurgia convencional. Em relação ao câncer gástrico, o tratamento cirúrgico ainda é considerado o único tratamento curativo, considerando a extensão da

Cirurgia de revascularização do miocárdio minimamente invasiva com uso de enxerto composto: relato de caso Use of compound grafts in minimally invasive coronary artery bypass graft

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Fábio B Jatene

1996-12-01

Full Text Available Este trabalho relata nossa experiência com a utilização de enxerto composto em cirurgia de revascularização do miocárdio minimamente invasiva (CRMMI. Uma alternativa para a CRMMI é o uso de enxertos compostos, nos casos em que se pretende revascularizar vários ramos coronarianos, quando a artéria torácica interna se apresenta curta ou ramifica-se precocemente. Foi operada paciente do sexo feminino, 54 anos, portadora de lesão de 90% em artéria interventricular anterior em seu terço proximal e que foi submetida à CRMMI por minitoracotomia esquerda. A artéria torácica interna esquerda (ATIE foi amplamente dissecada utilizando-se bisturi longo, auxílio de ótica de videotoracoscopia e clipe para ligadura dos ramos intercostais. Após a secção da ATIE houve ausência de fluxo sangüíneo e evidência de hematoma e dissecção da sua luz no terço distai. Este segmento comprometido foi desprezado e a ATIE foi prolongada por interposição de segmento de veia safena autógena, tornando possível a anastomose com o ramo interventricular anterior. A operação teve duração de 3 horas. A paciente foi extubada após 4 horas de pós-operatório e o dreno pleural esquerdo foi retirado no 3º dia; a paciente evoluiu bem, não apresentando intercorrências clínicas pós-operatórias, tendo recebido alta hospitalar 5 dias após a operação. A cineangiocoronariografia pós-operatória comprovou anastomose patente. O estudo com ecodoppler realizado no 4º mês de pós-operatbrio mostrou derivação pérvia e fluxo de alta resistência. Em conclusão, o uso de enxerto composto para CRMMI mostrou ser uma alternativa eficaz para ampliar a extensão da ATIE, possibilitando a anastomose, quando a mesma é curta ou apresenta problemas de fluxo ou, ainda, se se pretende tratar mais de uma coronáriaThis paper reports our experience with the use of compound grafts in minimally invasive coronary artery bypass graft (MICABG. An alternative for

Spatial monsoon variability with respect to NAO and SO

Indian Academy of Sciences (India)

the negative phase of ESI tendency, almost all subdivisions of India show ... to affect the Indian summer monsoon rainfall indi- ... Monthly composite picture of ESI during (a) positive (28 years) and (b) negative (25 years) tendency of ESI.

The seasonal predictability of blocking frequency in two seasonal prediction systems (CMCC, Met-Office) and the associated representation of low-frequency variability.

Science.gov (United States)

Athanasiadis, Panos; Gualdi, Silvio; Scaife, Adam A.; Bellucci, Alessio; Hermanson, Leon; MacLachlan, Craig; Arribas, Alberto; Materia, Stefano; Borelli, Andrea

2014-05-01

Low-frequency variability is a fundamental component of the atmospheric circulation. Extratropical teleconnections, the occurrence of blocking and the slow modulation of the jet streams and storm tracks are all different aspects of low-frequency variability. Part of the latter is attributed to the chaotic nature of the atmosphere and is inherently unpredictable. On the other hand, primarily as a response to boundary forcings, tropospheric low-frequency variability includes components that are potentially predictable. Seasonal forecasting faces the difficult task of predicting these components. Particularly referring to the extratropics, the current generation of seasonal forecasting systems seem to be approaching this target by realistically initializing most components of the climate system, using higher resolution and utilizing large ensemble sizes. Two seasonal prediction systems (Met-Office GloSea and CMCC-SPS-v1.5) are analyzed in terms of their representation of different aspects of extratropical low-frequency variability. The current operational Met-Office system achieves unprecedented high scores in predicting the winter-mean phase of the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO, corr. 0.74 at 500 hPa) and the Pacific-N. American pattern (PNA, corr. 0.82). The CMCC system, considering its small ensemble size and course resolution, also achieves good scores (0.42 for NAO, 0.51 for PNA). Despite these positive features, both models suffer from biases in low-frequency variance, particularly in the N. Atlantic. Consequently, it is found that their intrinsic variability patterns (sectoral EOFs) differ significantly from the observed, and the known teleconnections are underrepresented. Regarding the representation of N. hemisphere blocking, after bias correction both systems exhibit a realistic climatology of blocking frequency. In this assessment, instantaneous blocking and large-scale persistent blocking events are identified using daily geopotential height fields at

Sliding mode observers for automotive alternator

Science.gov (United States)

Chen, De-Shiou

Estimator development for synchronous rectification of the automotive alternator is a desirable approach for estimating alternator's back electromotive forces (EMFs) without a direct mechanical sensor of the rotor position. Recent theoretical studies show that estimation of the back EMF may be observed based on system's phase current model by sensing electrical variables (AC phase currents and DC bus voltage) of the synchronous rectifier. Observer design of the back EMF estimation has been developed for constant engine speed. In this work, we are interested in nonlinear observer design of the back EMF estimation for the real case of variable engine speed. Initial back EMF estimate can be obtained from a first-order sliding mode observer (SMO) based on the phase current model. A fourth-order nonlinear asymptotic observer (NAO), complemented by the dynamics of the back EMF with time-varying frequency and amplitude, is then incorporated into the observer design for chattering reduction. Since the cost of required phase current sensors may be prohibitive, the most applicable approach in real implementation by measuring DC current of the synchronous rectifier is carried out in the dissertation. It is shown that the DC link current consists of sequential "windows" with partial information of the phase currents, hence, the cascaded NAO is responsible not only for the purpose of chattering reduction but also for necessarily accomplishing the process of estimation. Stability analyses of the proposed estimators are considered for most linear and time-varying cases. The stability of the NAO without speed information is substantiated by both numerical and experimental results. Prospective estimation algorithms for the case of battery current measurements are investigated. Theoretical study indicates that the convergence of the proposed LAO may be provided by high gain inputs. Since the order of the LAO/NAO for the battery current case is one order higher than that of the link

Densification of ∼5 nm-thick SiO{sub 2} layers by nitric acid oxidation

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Choi, Jaeyoung [Department of Energy Engineering, Dankook University, Cheonan 311-16 (Korea, Republic of); Joo, Soyeong [Institute for Advanced Engineering (IAE), Advanced Materials & Processing Center, Youngin 449-863 (Korea, Republic of); Park, Tae Joo [Department of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Hanyang University, Ansan 15588 (Korea, Republic of); Kim, Woo-Byoung, E-mail: woo7838@dankook.ac.kr [Department of Energy Engineering, Dankook University, Cheonan 311-16 (Korea, Republic of)

2017-08-15

Highlights: • Leakage current density of the commercial PECVD grown ∼5 nm SiO{sub 2} layer has been decreased about three orders of magnitude by densification. • The densification of SiO{sub 2} layer is achieved by high oxidation ability of O·. • Densities of suboxide, fixed charge (N{sub f}) and defect state (N{sub d}) in SiO{sub 2}/Si interface are decreased by NAOS and PMA. • Tunneling barrier height (Φ{sub t}) is increased because of the increase of atomic density in SiO{sub 2} layer. - Abstract: Low-temperature nitric acid (HNO{sub 3}) oxidation of Si (NAOS) has been used to improve the interface and electrical properties of ∼5 nm-thick SiO{sub 2}/Si layers produced by plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition (PECVD). Investigations of the physical properties and electrical characteristics of these thin films revealed that although their thickness is not changed by NAOS, the leakage current density at a gate bias voltage of −1 V decreases by about two orders of magnitude from 1.868 × 10{sup −5} A/cm{sup 2}. This leakage current density was further reduced by post-metallization annealing (PMA) at 250 °C for 10 min in a 5 vol.% hydrogen atmosphere, eventually reaching a level (5.2 × 10{sup −8} A/cm{sup 2}) approximately three orders of magnitude less than the as-grown SiO{sub 2} layer. This improvement is attributed to a decrease in the concentration of suboxide species (Si{sup 1+}, Si{sup 2+} and Si{sup 3+}) in the SiO{sub 2}/Si interface, as well as a decrease in the equilibrium density of defect sites (N{sub d}) and fixed charge density (N{sub f}). The barrier height (Φ{sub t}) generated by a Poole-Frenkel mechanism also increased from 0.205 to 0.371 eV after NAOS and PMA. The decrease in leakage current density is therefore attributed to a densification of the SiO{sub 2} layer in combination with the removal of OH species and increase in interfacial properties at the SiO{sub 2}/Si interface.

Investigation of hemorheological and analgesic properties of Qing ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

Nao tablet (QNT). Methods: Sixty animals were divided into 6 groups (n = 10 for each group): normal, control, positive and 3 QNT-treated groups (QNT-H, QNT-M, QNT-L). Animals in normal and control groups received normal saline orally, while ...

Presentación tardía de aneurisma ventricular post-infarto. Caracterización por múltiples modalidades de imagen

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Julio Oscar Cabrera Rego

2011-10-01

Full Text Available El aneurisma ventricular verdadero a nivel de la pared posteroinferior es infrecuente. Se presenta el caso de un paciente con episodios de taquicardia ventricular sostenida como primera manifestación de aneurisma ventricular post-infarto diagnosticado por ecocardiografía transtorácica y tridimensional, coronariografía invasiva y tomografía computarizada multicortes. La situación se resolvió favorablemente con optimización del tratamiento médico e implantación de un desfibrilador automático.

NÓDULOS PULMONARES

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

José Miguel Clavero R., DR.

2015-05-01

Por tanto, todos los nódulos, incluso más pequeños subcentrimétricos, deben ser evaluados por equipos multidisciplinarios, con experiencia en los diferentes algoritmos de manejo y seguimiento. Determinando qué nódulos biopsiar de manera de poder resecar tumores iniciales potencialmente curables. Los tumores pequeños pueden ser operados con técnicas quirúrgicas mínimamente invasivas, incluso resecciones sublobares, con similares resultados oncológicos, pero con menor riesgo y menor deterioro de la capacidad funcional.

Efectividad del tratamiento con neurofeedback en trastornos del estado del ánimo, ansiedad y fibromialgia: una revisión de literatura

OpenAIRE

Barrera Ferro, Laura; Gómez Olivella, Estefanía; Prieto Lizarazo, Luisa Fernanda

2013-01-01

El neurofeedback es una técnica no invasiva en la que se pretende corregir, mediante condicionamiento operante, ondas cerebrales que se encuentren alteradas en el electroencefalograma. Desde 1967, se han conducido numerosas investigaciones relacionadas con los efectos de la técnica en el tratamiento de alteraciones psicológicas. Sin embargo, a la fecha no existen revisiones sistemáticas que reúnan los temas que serán aquí tratados. El aporte de este trabajo es la revisión de 56...

About Nano-JASMINE Satellite System and Project Status

Science.gov (United States)

Sako, Nobutada

Intelligent Space Systems Laboratory, The University of Tokyo (ISSL) and National Astronomical Observatory of Japan (NAO) have been developing a small infrared astrometry satellite named “Nano-JASMINE”. The satellite size is about 50cm cubic and 20kg, which plays a pre-cursor role of JASMINE Project which is programmed by NAO and JAXA. In addition, since there has been only one astrometry satellite HIPPARCOS by ESA in the past, Nano-JASMINE is also expected to achieve certain scientific results in the field of astrometry. In this project, ISSL aims to develop new advanced small satellite bus system whose performance is comparable to that of 100-500kg sized satellites, including attitude stability of 1 arc-second and thermal stability of the mission subsystem of 1 mK. This paper overviews the Nano-JASMINE bus system with emphasis on attitude and thermal control systems.

ECMWF Extreme Forecast Index for water vapor transport: A forecast tool for atmospheric rivers and extreme precipitation

Science.gov (United States)

Lavers, David A.; Pappenberger, Florian; Richardson, David S.; Zsoter, Ervin

2016-11-01

In winter, heavy precipitation and floods along the west coasts of midlatitude continents are largely caused by intense water vapor transport (integrated vapor transport (IVT)) within the atmospheric river of extratropical cyclones. This study builds on previous findings that showed that forecasts of IVT have higher predictability than precipitation, by applying and evaluating the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts Extreme Forecast Index (EFI) for IVT in ensemble forecasts during three winters across Europe. We show that the IVT EFI is more able (than the precipitation EFI) to capture extreme precipitation in forecast week 2 during forecasts initialized in a positive North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) phase; conversely, the precipitation EFI is better during the negative NAO phase and at shorter leads. An IVT EFI example for storm Desmond in December 2015 highlights its potential to identify upcoming hydrometeorological extremes, which may prove useful to the user and forecasting communities.

Sensitivity of the Regional Climate in the Middle East and North Africa to Volcanic Perturbations

KAUST Repository

Dogar, Muhammad Mubashar; Stenchikov, Georgiy L.; Osipov, Sergey; Wyman, Bruce; Zhao, Ming

2017-01-01

The Middle East and North Africa (MENA) regional climate appears to be extremely sensitive to volcanic eruptions. Winter cooling after the 1991 Pinatubo eruption far exceeded the mean hemispheric temperature anomaly, even causing snowfall in Israel. To better understand MENA climate variability, the climate responses to the El Chichón and Pinatubo volcanic eruptions are analyzed using observations, NOAA/NCEP Climate Forecast System Reanalysis, and output from the Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Laboratory's High-Resolution Atmospheric Model (HiRAM). A multiple regression analysis both for the observations and the model output is performed on seasonal summer and winter composites to separate out the contributions from climate trends, El Niño Southern Oscillation (ENSO), North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO), Indian summer monsoon and volcanic aerosols. Strong regional temperature and precipitation responses over the MENA region are found in both winter and summer. The model and the observations both show that a positive NAO amplifies the MENA volcanic winter cooling. In boreal summer, the patterns of changing temperature and precipitation suggest a weakening and southward shift of the Intertropical Convergence Zone, caused by volcanic surface cooling and weakening of the Indian and West African monsoons. The model captures the main features of the climate response; however, it underestimates the total cooling, especially in winter, and exhibits a different spatial pattern of the NAO climate response in MENA compared to the observations. The conducted analysis sheds light on the internal mechanisms of MENA climate variability and helps to selectively diagnose the model deficiencies.

Changing response of the North Atlantic/European winter climate to the 11 year solar cycle

Science.gov (United States)

Ma, Hedi; Chen, Haishan; Gray, Lesley; Zhou, Liming; Li, Xing; Wang, Ruili; Zhu, Siguang

2018-03-01

Recent studies have presented conflicting results regarding the 11 year solar cycle (SC) influences on winter climate over the North Atlantic/European region. Analyses of only the most recent decades suggest a synchronized North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO)-like response pattern to the SC. Analyses of long-term climate data sets dating back to the late 19th century, however, suggest a mean sea level pressure (mslp) response that lags the SC by 2-4 years in the southern node of the NAO (i.e. Azores region). To understand the conflicting nature and cause of these time dependencies in the SC surface response, the present study employs a lead/lag multi-linear regression technique with a sliding window of 44 years over the period 1751-2016. Results confirm previous analyses, in which the average response for the whole time period features a statistically significant 2-4 year lagged mslp response centered over the Azores region. Overall, the lagged nature of Azores mslp response is generally consistent in time. Stronger and statistically significant SC signals tend to appear in the periods when the SC forcing amplitudes are relatively larger. Individual month analysis indicates the consistent lagged response in December-January-February average arises primarily from early winter months (i.e. December and January), which has been associated with ocean feedback processes that involve reinforcement by anomalies from the previous winter. Additional analysis suggests that the synchronous NAO-like response in recent decades arises primarily from late winter (February), possibly reflecting a result of strong internal noise.

Sensitivity of the Regional Climate in the Middle East and North Africa to Volcanic Perturbations

KAUST Repository

Dogar, Muhammad Mubashar

2017-07-27

The Middle East and North Africa (MENA) regional climate appears to be extremely sensitive to volcanic eruptions. Winter cooling after the 1991 Pinatubo eruption far exceeded the mean hemispheric temperature anomaly, even causing snowfall in Israel. To better understand MENA climate variability, the climate responses to the El Chichón and Pinatubo volcanic eruptions are analyzed using observations, NOAA/NCEP Climate Forecast System Reanalysis, and output from the Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Laboratory\\'s High-Resolution Atmospheric Model (HiRAM). A multiple regression analysis both for the observations and the model output is performed on seasonal summer and winter composites to separate out the contributions from climate trends, El Niño Southern Oscillation (ENSO), North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO), Indian summer monsoon and volcanic aerosols. Strong regional temperature and precipitation responses over the MENA region are found in both winter and summer. The model and the observations both show that a positive NAO amplifies the MENA volcanic winter cooling. In boreal summer, the patterns of changing temperature and precipitation suggest a weakening and southward shift of the Intertropical Convergence Zone, caused by volcanic surface cooling and weakening of the Indian and West African monsoons. The model captures the main features of the climate response; however, it underestimates the total cooling, especially in winter, and exhibits a different spatial pattern of the NAO climate response in MENA compared to the observations. The conducted analysis sheds light on the internal mechanisms of MENA climate variability and helps to selectively diagnose the model deficiencies.

Factors affecting cone production in Pinus pinaster Ait.: lack of growth-reproduction trade-offs but significant effects of climate and tree and stand characteristics

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Bravo, F.; Maguire, D.A.; González-Martínez, S.G.

2017-11-01

Aim of study: Our main goal is to determine the relationship between cone production and radial growth in Pinus pinaster Ait. under different climatic conditions across the Iberian Peninsula. Area of study: Coca Intensive Sampling Plateau, Northern Plateau (Spain). Material and methods: Cone counts were conducted on an intensive monitoring plot in Coca (North-Central Spain) during the years 2000, 2006 and 2007. A ZIP (zero-inflated Poisson) model was adjusted for simultaneously estimating the probability of obtaining crop cones and its amount. The Northern Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) index was used as explanatory variable, together with a wide variety of tree and local stand variables. Climate (as evaluated by NAO), local stand density (here estimated from the six nearest trees), tree size and vigor, competition and growth efficiency significantly influenced both occurrence and intensity of cone production. Main results: ZIP models for predicting reproductive effort seems an adequate tool to predict reproductive responses to climatic fluctuations and the resulting future species distribution in the face of climate change, as well as to identify silviculture actions that would promote reproductive success in naturally-regenerated stands, list and discuss relevant results (including numeric values of experimental results). Research highlights: Climate, stand density and tree conditions (size and vigor, competition and growth efficiency) influence significantly both cone occurrence and intensity of fruiting as shown by a ZIP model. As the climate variables included in the model (based on Northern Atlantic Oscillation, NAO) are general and easily obtained, the proposed model has practical applicability to predicting Pinus pinaster cone production in the Iberian Peninsula.

Atmosphere and ocean dynamics: contributors to the European Little Ice Age?

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Palastanga, V.; Schrier, G. van der; Weber, S.L. [Royal Netherlands Meteorological Institute (KNMI), P.O. Box 201, De Bilt (Netherlands); Kleinen, T. [University of East Anglia, Climatic Research Unit, School of Environmental Sciences, Norwich (United Kingdom); Max Planck Institute for Meteorology, Hamburg (Germany); Briffa, K.R.; Osborn, T.J. [University of East Anglia, Climatic Research Unit, School of Environmental Sciences, Norwich (United Kingdom)

2011-03-15

The role of a reduction in the Atlantic meridional overturning and that of a persistently negative North Atlantic Oscillation in explaining the coldness of the European Little Ice Age (LIA) has been assessed in two sets of numerical experiments. These experiments are performed using an intermediate complexity climate model and a full complexity GCM. The reduction in the Meridional Overturning Circulation (MOC) of ca. 25% is triggered by a conventional fresh-water hosing set-up. A persistently negative NAO winter circulation, at NAO-index value -0.5, is imposed using recently developed data-assimilation techniques applicable on paleoclimatic timescales. The hosing experiments lead to a reduction in oceanic meridional heat transport and cooler sea-surface temperatures. Next to a direct cooling effect on European climate, the change in ocean surface temperatures feedback on the atmospheric circulation modifying European climate significantly. The data-assimilation experiments showed a reduction of winter temperatures over parts of Europe, but there is little persistence into the summer season. The output of all model experiments are compared to reconstructions of winter and summer temperature based on the available temperature data for the LIA period. This demonstrates that the hypothesis of a persistently negative NAO as an explanation for the European LIA does not hold. The hosing experiments do not clearly support the hypothesis that a reduction in the MOC is the primary driver of LIA climate change. However, a reduction in the Atlantic overturning might have been a cause of the European LIA climate, depending on whether there is a strong enough feedback on the atmospheric circulation. (orig.)

Coupled Model Intercomparison Project 5 (CMIP5) simulations of climate following volcanic eruptions

KAUST Repository

Driscoll, Simon; Bozzo, Alessio; Gray, Lesley J.; Robock, Alan; Stenchikov, Georgiy L.

2012-01-01

The ability of the climate models submitted to the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project 5 (CMIP5) database to simulate the Northern Hemisphere winter climate following a large tropical volcanic eruption is assessed. When sulfate aerosols are produced by volcanic injections into the tropical stratosphere and spread by the stratospheric circulation, it not only causes globally averaged tropospheric cooling but also a localized heating in the lower stratosphere, which can cause major dynamical feedbacks. Observations show a lower stratospheric and surface response during the following one or two Northern Hemisphere (NH) winters, that resembles the positive phase of the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO). Simulations from 13 CMIP5 models that represent tropical eruptions in the 19th and 20th century are examined, focusing on the large-scale regional impacts associated with the large-scale circulation during the NH winter season. The models generally fail to capture the NH dynamical response following eruptions. They do not sufficiently simulate the observed post-volcanic strengthened NH polar vortex, positive NAO, or NH Eurasian warming pattern, and they tend to overestimate the cooling in the tropical troposphere. The findings are confirmed by a superposed epoch analysis of the NAO index for each model. The study confirms previous similar evaluations and raises concern for the ability of current climate models to simulate the response of a major mode of global circulation variability to external forcings. This is also of concern for the accuracy of geoengineering modeling studies that assess the atmospheric response to stratosphere-injected particles.

Factors affecting cone production in Pinus pinaster Ait.: lack of growth-reproduction trade-offs but significant effects of climate and tree and stand characteristics

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Felipe Bravo

2017-10-01

Full Text Available Aim of study: Our main goal is to determine the relationship between cone production and radial growth in Pinus pinaster Ait. under different climatic conditions across the Iberian Peninsula. Area of study: Coca Intensive Sampling Plateau, Northern Plateau (Spain. Material and methods: Cone counts were conducted on an intensive monitoring plot in Coca (North-Central Spain during the years 2000, 2006 and 2007. A ZIP (zero-inflated Poisson model was adjusted for simultaneously estimating the probability of obtaining crop cones and its amount. The Northern Atlantic Oscillation (NAO index was used as explanatory variable, together with a wide variety of tree and local stand variables. Climate (as evaluated by NAO, local stand density (here estimated from the six nearest trees, tree size and vigor, competition and growth efficiency significantly influenced both occurrence and intensity of cone production. Main results: ZIP models for predicting reproductive effort seems an adequate tool to predict reproductive responses to climatic fluctuations and the resulting future species distribution in the face of climate change, as well as to identify silviculture actions that would promote reproductive success in naturally-regenerated stands, list and discuss relevant results (including numeric values of experimental results. Research highlights: Climate, stand density and tree conditions (size and vigor, competition and growth efficiency influence significantly both cone occurrence and intensity of fruiting as shown by a ZIP model. As the climate variables included in the model (based on Northern Atlantic Oscillation, NAO are general and easily obtained, the proposed model has practical applicability to predicting Pinus pinaster cone production in the Iberian Peninsula.

Human motion characteristics in relation to feeling familiar or frightened during an announced short interaction with a proactive humanoid.

Science.gov (United States)

Baddoura, Ritta; Venture, Gentiane

2014-01-01

During an unannounced encounter between two humans and a proactive humanoid (NAO, Aldebaran Robotics), we study the dependencies between the human partners' affective experience (measured via the answers to a questionnaire) particularly regarding feeling familiar and feeling frightened, and their arm and head motion [frequency and smoothness using Inertial Measurement Units (IMU)]. NAO starts and ends its interaction with its partners by non-verbally greeting them hello (bowing) and goodbye (moving its arm). The robot is invested with a real and useful task to perform: handing each participant an envelope containing a questionnaire they need to answer. NAO's behavior varies from one partner to the other (Smooth with X vs. Resisting with Y). The results show high positive correlations between feeling familiar while interacting with the robot and: the frequency and smoothness of the human arm movement when waving back goodbye, as well as the smoothness of the head during the whole encounter. Results also show a negative dependency between feeling frightened and the frequency of the human arm movement when waving back goodbye. The principal component analysis (PCA) suggests that, in regards to the various motion measures examined in this paper, the head smoothness and the goodbye gesture frequency are the most reliable measures when it comes to considering the familiar experienced by the participants. The PCA also points out the irrelevance of the goodbye motion frequency when investigating the participants' experience of fear in its relation to their motion characteristics. The results are discussed in light of the major findings of studies on body movements and postures accompanying specific emotions.

Factors affecting cone production in Pinus pinaster Ait.: lack of growth-reproduction trade-offs but significant effects of climate and tree and stand characteristics

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Bravo, F.; Maguire, D.A.; González-Martínez, S.G.

2017-01-01

Aim of study: Our main goal is to determine the relationship between cone production and radial growth in Pinus pinaster Ait. under different climatic conditions across the Iberian Peninsula. Area of study: Coca Intensive Sampling Plateau, Northern Plateau (Spain). Material and methods: Cone counts were conducted on an intensive monitoring plot in Coca (North-Central Spain) during the years 2000, 2006 and 2007. A ZIP (zero-inflated Poisson) model was adjusted for simultaneously estimating the probability of obtaining crop cones and its amount. The Northern Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) index was used as explanatory variable, together with a wide variety of tree and local stand variables. Climate (as evaluated by NAO), local stand density (here estimated from the six nearest trees), tree size and vigor, competition and growth efficiency significantly influenced both occurrence and intensity of cone production. Main results: ZIP models for predicting reproductive effort seems an adequate tool to predict reproductive responses to climatic fluctuations and the resulting future species distribution in the face of climate change, as well as to identify silviculture actions that would promote reproductive success in naturally-regenerated stands, list and discuss relevant results (including numeric values of experimental results). Research highlights: Climate, stand density and tree conditions (size and vigor, competition and growth efficiency) influence significantly both cone occurrence and intensity of fruiting as shown by a ZIP model. As the climate variables included in the model (based on Northern Atlantic Oscillation, NAO) are general and easily obtained, the proposed model has practical applicability to predicting Pinus pinaster cone production in the Iberian Peninsula.

Coupled Model Intercomparison Project 5 (CMIP5) simulations of climate following volcanic eruptions

KAUST Repository

Driscoll, Simon

2012-09-16

The ability of the climate models submitted to the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project 5 (CMIP5) database to simulate the Northern Hemisphere winter climate following a large tropical volcanic eruption is assessed. When sulfate aerosols are produced by volcanic injections into the tropical stratosphere and spread by the stratospheric circulation, it not only causes globally averaged tropospheric cooling but also a localized heating in the lower stratosphere, which can cause major dynamical feedbacks. Observations show a lower stratospheric and surface response during the following one or two Northern Hemisphere (NH) winters, that resembles the positive phase of the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO). Simulations from 13 CMIP5 models that represent tropical eruptions in the 19th and 20th century are examined, focusing on the large-scale regional impacts associated with the large-scale circulation during the NH winter season. The models generally fail to capture the NH dynamical response following eruptions. They do not sufficiently simulate the observed post-volcanic strengthened NH polar vortex, positive NAO, or NH Eurasian warming pattern, and they tend to overestimate the cooling in the tropical troposphere. The findings are confirmed by a superposed epoch analysis of the NAO index for each model. The study confirms previous similar evaluations and raises concern for the ability of current climate models to simulate the response of a major mode of global circulation variability to external forcings. This is also of concern for the accuracy of geoengineering modeling studies that assess the atmospheric response to stratosphere-injected particles.

Extratropical cyclone variability in the Northern Hemisphere winter from the NCEP/NCAR reanalysis data

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Gulev, S.K.; Zolina, O.; Grigoriev, S. [AN SSSR, Moscow (USSR). Inst. Okeanologii

2001-07-01

The winter climatology of Northern Hemisphere cyclone activity was derived from 6-hourly NCEP/NCAR reanalysis data for the period from 1958 to 1999, using software which provides improved accuracy in cyclone identification in comparison to numerical tracking schemes. Cyclone characteristics over the Kuroshio and Gulfstream are very different to those over continental North America and the Arctic. Analysis of Northern Hemisphere cyclones shows secular and decadal-scale changes in cyclone frequency, intensity, lifetime and deepening rates. The western Pacific and Atlantic are characterized by an increase in cyclone intensity and deepening during the 42-year period, although the eastern Pacific and continental North America demonstrate opposite tendencies in most cyclone characteristics. There is an increase of the number of cyclones in the Arctic and in the western Pacific and a downward tendency over the Gulf Stream and subpolar Pacific. Decadal scale variability in cyclone activity over the Atlantic and Pacific exhibits south-north dipole-like patterns. Atlantic and Pacific cyclone activity associated with the NAO and PNA is analyzed. Atlantic cyclone frequency demonstrates a high correlation with NAO and reflects the NAO shift in the mid 1970s, associated with considerable changes in European storm tracks. The PNA is largely linked to the eastern Pacific cyclone frequencies, and controls cyclone activity over the Gulf region and the North American coast during the last two decades. Assessment of the accuracy of the results and comparison with those derived using numerical algorithms, shows that biases inherent in numerical procedures are not negligible. (orig.)

Sensitivity of the regional climate in the Middle East and North Africa to volcanic perturbations

Science.gov (United States)

Dogar, Muhammad Mubashar; Stenchikov, Georgiy; Osipov, Sergey; Wyman, Bruce; Zhao, Ming

2017-08-01

The Middle East and North Africa (MENA) regional climate appears to be extremely sensitive to volcanic eruptions. Winter cooling after the 1991 Pinatubo eruption far exceeded the mean hemispheric temperature anomaly, even causing snowfall in Israel. To better understand MENA climate variability, the climate responses to the El Chichón and Pinatubo volcanic eruptions are analyzed using observations, NOAA/National Centers for Environmental Prediction Climate Forecast System Reanalysis, and output from the Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Laboratory's High-Resolution Atmospheric Model. A multiple regression analysis both for the observations and the model output is performed on seasonal summer and winter composites to separate out the contributions from climate trends, El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO), North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO), Indian summer monsoon, and volcanic aerosols. Strong regional temperature and precipitation responses over the MENA region are found in both winter and summer. The model and the observations both show that a positive NAO amplifies the MENA volcanic winter cooling. In boreal summer, the patterns of changing temperature and precipitation suggest a weakening and southward shift of the Intertropical Convergence Zone, caused by volcanic surface cooling and weakening of the Indian and West African monsoons. The model captures the main features of the climate response; however, it underestimates the total cooling, especially in winter, and exhibits a different spatial pattern of the NAO climate response in MENA compared to the observations. The conducted analysis sheds light on the internal mechanisms of MENA climate variability and helps to selectively diagnose the model deficiencies.

Parte II: monitorização hemodinâmica básica e cateter de artéria pulmonar Part II: basic hemodynamic monitoring and the use of pulmonary artery catheter

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Fernando Suparregui Dias

2006-03-01

Full Text Available JUSTIFICATIVA E OBJETIVOS: A monitorização de funções vitais é uma das mais importantes e essenciais ferramentas no manuseio de pacientes críticos na UTI. Hoje é possível detectar e analisar uma grande variedade de sinais fisiológicos através de diferentes técnicas, invasivas e não-invasivas. O intensivista deve ser capaz de selecionar e executar o método de monitorização mais apropriado de acordo com as necessidades individuais do paciente, considerando a relação risco-benefício da técnica. Apesar do rápido desenvolvimento de técnicas de monitorização não-invasiva, a monitorização hemodinâmica invasiva com o uso do cateter de artéria pulmonar (CAP ainda é um dos procedimentos fundamentais em UTI. O objetivo destas recomendações é estabelecer diretrizes para o uso adequado dos métodos básicos de monitorização hemodinâmica e CAP. MÉTODO: O processo de desenvolvimento de recomendações utilizou o método Delphi modificado para criar e quantificar o consenso entre os participantes. A AMIB determinou um coordenador para o consenso, o qual escolheu seis especialistas para comporem o comitê consultivo. Outros 18 peritos de diferentes regiões do país foram selecionados para completar o painel de 25 especialistas, médicos e enfermeiros. Um levantamento bibliográfico na MedLine de artigos na língua inglesa foi realizado no período de 1966 a 2004. RESULTADOS: Foram apresentadas recomendações referentes a 55 questões sobre monitorização da pressão venosa central, pressão arterial invasiva e cateter de artéria pulmonar. Com relação ao CAP, além de recomendações quanto ao uso correto foram discutidas as indicações em diferentes situações clínicas. CONCLUSÕES: A avaliação da pressão venosa central e da pressão arterial, além das variáveis obtidas com o CAP permite o entendimento da fisiologia indispensável para o cuidado de pacientes graves. Entretanto, a correta utilização dessas

ROILA : RObot Interaction LAnguage

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Mubin, O.

2011-01-01

The number of robots in our society is increasing rapidly. The number of service robots that interact with everyday people already outnumbers industrial robots. The easiest way to communicate with these service robots, such as Roomba or Nao, would be natural speech. However, the limitations

Creating robots with personality : the effect of personality on social intelligence

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Mileounis, A.; Cuijpers, R.H.; Barakova, E.I.

2015-01-01

This study investigates the effect of two personality traits, dominance and extroversion, on social intelligence. To test these traits, a NAO robot was used, which was teleoperated through a computer using a Wizard of Oz technique. A within-subject design was conducted with extroversion as

Costo-efficacia dell’amfotericina B liposomiale nella terapia dell’aspergillosi invasiva

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Mario Eandi

2004-03-01

Full Text Available Invasive aspergillosis (IA is a common and life-threatening infectious complication of immune system depression. Amphotericin B deoxycholate (AMB-d has been considered standard therapy for IA for over 40 years, despite the fact that success rates rarely exceed 40% and adverse effects are quite common. At present two more recent pharmacological agents are available for the treatment of IA: liposomal amphotericin B (L-AMB and voriconazole (VOR. In this article, we present a pharmaco-economical study comparing the relative costeffectiveness of 5 alternative strategies in the treatment of invasive aspergillosis, analysed from the point of view of the Italian hospital: administration of L-AMB as first line therapy, followed by no rescue treatment in case of failure (L-AMB I°; administration of L-AMB as first line therapy, followed by VOR in case of failure (LAMB I° + VOR rescue; AMB-d as first line, followed by L-AMB in case of failure (L-AMB rescue; AMB-d as first line, followed by other antifungals as needed (AMB-d I° and VOR as first line, followed by rescue treatments in case of failure (VOR I°. The cost-effectiveness analysis was conducted using decision tree modelling techniques: efficacy data were obtained from published clinical trials; costs parameters were fitted on the Italian setting. The results indicate that two strategies, L-AMB rescue and VOR I°, are dominated, i.e. induce higher costs and lower success rates than the alternatives. The three remaining strategies are neither dominated nor dominate the others, but are associated with different clinical and economical outcomes: AMB-d I° has the lowest total cost, but also the highest cost-effectiveness ratio and the lowest overall efficacy; L-AMB I° has the best cost-effectiveness, but requires the willingness to pay 2,100 euro for each additional success; L-AMB I° + VOR rescue is the most effective treatment, but this choice is associated with incremental costs of 17,200 euro for each additional success, compared with L-AMB I°. In conclusion, our analysis indicates that for clinical, economical and ethical reasons the best option in the treatment of IA is the administration of L-AMB as first line therapy, thus limiting the use of VOR to the rescue of the patients not cured by this approach.

A influência das dicas de aprendizagem na realização de duas atividades de vida diária em pacientes com Doença de Parkinson

OpenAIRE

Chodur, Andressa

2011-01-01

Resumo: A Doença de Parkinson (DP) se caracteriza por apresentar sintomas motores como: tremor de repouso, lentidão de movimentos, rigidez articular e instabilidade postural. A amplitude e a velocidade dos movimentos são diminuídas, dificultando a realização de movimentos seqüenciais ou repetitivos o que compromete a realização das atividades da vida diária (AVDs), prejudicando a qualidade de vida dos indivíduos. A DP também reduz o automatismo dos movimentos, sendo necessário que os indivídu...

Metodologia para simulação numérica de sistemas de aquecimento de água utilizando coletores solares planos

OpenAIRE

SILVA, Ana Cristina Goncalves Castro

2008-01-01

Os sistemas de aquecimento solar de água têm sido bastante utilizados para uso doméstico em residências, visto que, seu uso reduz custos de aquecimento de água e ainda é uma fonte renovável de energia. Todo coletor solar precisa ser caracterizado através de uma equação de desempenho. Para tal, deve ser analisado, numérica ou experimentalmente para que seja obtida sua curva característica de eficiência em função da temperatura de entrada e da radiação solar incidente no coletor....

Identificação de peptídeos hipocolesterolemizantes do isolado protéico do grão de amaranto (Amaranthus cruentus L. BRS-Alegria)

OpenAIRE

Rosana Aparecida Manolio Soares

2008-01-01

Introdução: Dentre os distúrbios relacionados à alimentação, o aumento do colesterol e, conseqüentemente, a incidência de doenças cardiovasculares, representa um importante problema de Saúde Pública. A proteína do amaranto reduz o colesterol plasmático, possivelmente pela presença de peptídeos bioativos, liberados durante sua digestão parcial. Objetivo: Verificar a ocorrência de peptídeos hipocolesterolemizantes após digestão in vitro do isolado protéico de amaranto. Métodos: Proteína isola...

Utilização de agregadores reciclados de concreto na fabricação de tubos de concreto

OpenAIRE

Davies, Fernando Souza

2017-01-01

Trabalho de Conclusão de Curso apresentado a Banca Examinadora do Curso de Engenharia Civil de Infraestrutura da UNILA, como parte dos requisitos para obtenção do Grau de Bacharel em Engenharia Civil. Orientador: Profo. Drao. Ana Carolina Parapinski dos Santos. A utilização de agregado reciclado de concreto na fabricação de peças pré-moldadas de concreto reduz custos de fabricação e oferece um destino apropriado aos resíduos. Para viabilizar esta reutilização do concreto como resíduo, as n...

Modelagem e otimização do processo de liofilização : aplicação para leite desnatado e cafe soluve

OpenAIRE

Edinara Adelaide Boss

2004-01-01

Resumo: Liofilização é um processo de separação baseado no fenômeno da sublimação. Este processo tem as seguintes vantagens quando comparado com o processo convencional de secagem: a estrutura do material é mantida, a umidade é removida a baixas temperaturas (reduz as taxas de transporte), aumento da estabilidade do produto durante a estocagem, a minimização de várias reações de degradação devido a fácil transição de material hidratado para desidratado. O processo de liofili...

ANÁLISE DAS PRÁTICAS DE REUSO DE ÁGUA RESIDUAL: ESTUDO DE CASOS EM LAVANDERIAS INDUSTRIAIS

OpenAIRE

Souza, Mariane Cásseres; Vargas, Andrea; Saueressig, Gislaine Gabriele; Luchese, Juliane; Bauer, Jéssica Mariella; Viegas, Cláudia Viviane

2016-01-01

Água é um insumo de uso abundante em processos de lavanderias industriais. O reuso da água em Estação de Tratamento de Efluente reduz custos e traz benefícios ambientais, ou seja, é um fator de ecoeficiência. Esta pesquisa analisa duas empresas do ramo de lavanderias industriais, de médio porte, localizadas na região Sul do Brasil, e identifica melhorias quanto ao reúso da água. O método de pesquisa foi o estudo de caso múltiplo. Os resultados obtidos identificaram a diminuição da carga polui...

A reestruturação produtiva no setor bancário em Santa Catarina

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

José Carlos da Silva

2002-01-01

Full Text Available Este artigo tem como objetivo principal abordar o processo de reestruturação produtiva que vem ocorrendo no sistema bancário em Santa Catarina. O trabalho visa mostrar os três pilares da reestruturação: a privatização, a reorganização do trabalho e a terceirização. A reestruturação é uma estratégia de administração e gerenciamento com ganhos empresariais e prejuízos sociais, já que reduz empregos e torna precário o trabalho no interior da empresa.

MODELAGEM COMPUTACIONAL DO MÉTODO DE CISALHAMENTO DIRETO COM CONECTOR TIPO PINO COM CABEÇA

OpenAIRE

Reis Sales, Marcel Willian; Pereira Júnior, Wanderlei Malaquias; Borja Ferreira, Diego; Mikulaschek, Adriana

2015-01-01

Diversos tipos de lajes podem ser usados em estruturas mistas de aço concreto. Entretanto, a laje alveolar é uma boa solução, pois ela reduz a necessidade de escoras permitindo que a estrutura de concreto seja executada com velocidade compatível à estrutura metálica. Este trabalho apresenta uma discussão da ligação de cisalhamento promovida em vigas mistas de aço concreto, por conectores tipo pino com cabeça. A ligação é feita pelo conector e preenchida com concreto, podendo existir ou não ar...

Técnica e Inteligência Artificial: O debate entre J. Searle e D. Dennett/Technique and Artificial intelligence: the debate between J. Searle and D. Dennett

OpenAIRE

Viana, Wellistony Carvalho; Professor do ICESPI, Professor do PPG em Ética e Epistemologia/UFPI.

2014-01-01

O debate entre J. Searle e D. Dennett acerca da possibilidade técnica de uma Inteligência artificial gira em torno de uma única questão: estados mentais expressam algo intrínseco, privado e subjetivo, experimentado em primeira-pessoa ou não passam de entidades obscurantistas, frutos da ignorância e, em princípio, reduzíveis à objetividade científica da neurociência? Searle defende a primeira tese, enquanto Dennett argumenta pela segunda. O texto expõe a posição de Dennett, a crítica de Searle...

Drenagem urbana: centro histórico de Leiria

OpenAIRE

Martins, Wilson Antunes Xavier

2016-01-01

No que concerne ao funcionamento de um sistema de drenagem urbana a maior preocupação é o encaminhamento das águas provenientes de precipitações ocorrentes em áreas urbanas para pontos de descarga no meio recetor fora das zonas urbanas, o mais rápido possível. Os centros urbanos estão munidos de diversos tipos de ocupação do solo, conduzindo ao aumento da impermeabilização do solo, que em termos de drenagem urbana não é vantajoso porque reduz a capacidade de infiltração no solo, aumentando...

Rendimento e qualidade de sementes de arroz irrigado em função da adubação com boro

OpenAIRE

LEITE, Ricardo Figueiredo Cavalheiro

2008-01-01

O boro é um nutriente essencial para as plantas. Suas funções estão envolvidas com o crescimento celular e o desenvolvimento da flor. Na floração, a deficiência do micronutriente reduz a macho-fertilidade em função do prejuízo à microesporogênese e ao crescimento do tubo polínico. Neste trabalho, objetivou-se definir as fases de maior sensibilidade da cultura, com o intuito de identificar épocas apropriadas para a aplicação de tratamentos corretivos de boro. A aplicação do boro, na forma de b...

Rendimento e qualidade de sementes de arroz irrigado em função da adubação com boro

OpenAIRE

Leite, Ricardo Figueiredo Cavalheiro; Schuch, Luis Osmar Braga; Amaral, Ademir dos Santos; Tavares, Lizandro Ciciliano

2011-01-01

O boro é um nutriente essencial para as plantas. Suas funções estão envolvidas com o crescimento celular e o desenvolvimento da flor. Na fase reprodutiva, a deficiência do micronutriente reduz a macho-fertilidade em função do prejuízo à microesporogênese e ao crescimento posterior do tubo polínico. Neste trabalho, objetivou-se avaliar o efeito da aplicação de boro, sobre as características agronômicas e a qualidade fisiológica das sementes de arroz produzidas. A aplicação do boro, na forma de...

Muscle imbalance between ankle dorsiflexors and plantarflexors after conservative and accelerated treatment of Achilles tendon rupture

OpenAIRE

Mayer, Alexandre; Frasson, Viviane Bortoluzzi; Ott, Rafael; Fortuna, Rafael de Oliveira; Vaz, Marco Aurelio

2010-01-01

A ruptura do tendão calcâneo (TC) reduz a sobrecarga mecânica dos flexores plantares (FP) do tornozelo. Essa alteração muda o equilíbrio natural entre os FP e flexores dorsais (FD) do tornozelo. O objetivo do estudo foi avaliar as razões isocinéticas concêntricas convencionais de torque de pacientes submetidos a tratamento cirúrgico de ruptura aguda do TC após dois protocolos diferentes de reabilitação. Após procedimento cirúrgico para reconstrução do TC, a amostra foi dividida de forma inten...

Desequilíbrios musculares entre flexores dorsais e plantares do tornozelo após tratamento conservador e acelerado da ruptura do tendão calcâneo

OpenAIRE

Mayer,Alexandre; Frasson,Viviane Bortoluzzi; Ott,Rafael; Fortuna,Rafael de Oliveira; Vaz,Marco Aurélio

2010-01-01

A ruptura do tendão calcâneo (TC) reduz a sobrecarga mecânica dos flexores plantares (FP) do tornozelo. Essa alteração muda o equilíbrio natural entre os FP e flexores dorsais (FD) do tornozelo. O objetivo do estudo foi avaliar as razões isocinéticas concêntricas convencionais de torque de pacientes submetidos a tratamento cirúrgico de ruptura aguda do TC após dois protocolos diferentes de reabilitação. Após procedimento cirúrgico para reconstrução do TC, a amostra foi dividida de forma inten...

Paisagens e trilhas : uma abordagem sustentável para o turismo de visitação na Chapada dos Veadeiros – Goiás

OpenAIRE

Silva, Romero Gomes Pereira da

2016-01-01

Os sistemas de informações geográficas podem incorporar na análise da paisagem o conceito de viewshed, ou seja, a modelagem do “campo de visão” partindo de um alvo para mapear regiões visíveis. Essa abordagem é útil para conduzir o planejamento de trilhas, serve como apoio à tomada de decisões e reduz a subjetividade nas avaliações de impacto visual de possíveis empreendimentos. Mais importante que o modelo, é sua aplicabilidade no turismo de natureza. Ao aportar a análise no Parque Nacional ...

CARACTERIZACIÓN Y OPTIMIZACIÓN DEL PROCESO DE PERFORACIÓN DE LA EPIDERMIS ASISTIDO POR LÁSER PULSADO DE Er:YAG

OpenAIRE

PEÑA DELGADO, ADRIAN FERMIN

2015-01-01

Este trabajo propone una metodología que permite relacionar la transmitancia de la epidermis de la piel humana, medida de forma no invasiva, con las características del pulso de luz láser a emplear para conseguir una perforación eficiente en la toma de muestras de sangre. Entendiendo como “eficiente” la generación de la perforación mínima necesaria para alcanzar el flujo capilar en la parte superior de la dermis. A partir de un modelo sencillo propuesto para la transmitancia, m...

Análisis de los componentes espectrales de la variabilidad cardíaca en hombres jóvenes entrenados: comparación del entrenamiento aeróbico y anaeróbico

OpenAIRE

Urbina, Adriana; Ortiz Guzmán, Johan Enrique; Mendoza Romero, Dario; Calderón, Carlos Alberto

2012-01-01

Introducción La variabilidad de la frecuencia cardíaca (VFC) permite estudiar de forma no invasiva la modulación autonómica de la función cardiovascular. Según el principio de especificidad del entrenamiento, cada tipo de ejercicio produce adaptaciones específicas. Sin embargo, no se ha establecido si este concepto también es aplicable a la VFC. El presente estudio tiene como objetivo comparar los componentes espectrales de la VFC en hombres jóvenes entrenados aeróbicamente y anaeróbicam...

Um Ambiente para o AuxÃlio à Aprendizagem de Habilidades LaparoscÃpicas usando Realidade Aumentada e GamificaÃÃo.

OpenAIRE

Julian Rodrigues ValÃrio

2015-01-01

Cirurgias minimamente invasivas requerem aprendizagem e treinamento de habilidades nÃo convencionais de cirurgiÃes (por exemplo, coordenaÃÃo mÃo-olho, destreza manual e precisÃo). Os processos de ensino e aprendizagem envolvem, em geral, o uso de caixas-pretas simuladoras para o treinamento dessas habilidades que podem ser praticadas com atividades de navegaÃÃo com as pinÃas laparoscÃpicas e de coordenaÃÃo de movimentos simples. Neste trabalho, propÃe-se estender caixas-pretas de treinamen...

Aplicación de técnicas avanzadas de neuroimágenes en rehabilitación motora

OpenAIRE

John Fredy Ochoa; José Luis Ascencio; Juan Camilo Suárez

2014-01-01

Introducción. La resonancia magnética funcional es una técnica no invasiva que permite el mapeo cerebral y la visualización de redes de conectividad. La hemiparesia posterior a un accidente cerebrovascular constituye un buen modelo biológico para estudiar los cambios en la conectividad cerebral. El uso de este modelo se puede expandir si se obtiene información antes y después de la rehabilitación neurológica. Objetivo. Presentar los hallazgos por neuroimágenes funcionales de un paciente co...

Significado patológico de la imagen ultrasónica en pequeños animales

OpenAIRE

Moreno Boiso, Antonio; Hervás Rodríguez, José; Chacón, F.

2011-01-01

La ecografía es una técnica de diagnóstico por imagen segura, no invasiva y que no requiere una preparación excesiva del animal. Se utiliza para estudiar tejidos blandos, permitiendo la valoración del tamaño, forma, situación y estructura de los mismos. La ecografía o ultrasonografía se basa en los ultrasonidos generados en un dispositivo llamado transductor, compuesto por cristales piezoeléctricos. La Histopatología constituye un medio diagnóstico especializado, complementario de otras técni...

Robust Signal Processing in Cardiac Signals: Applications in Heart Rate Variability, Heart Rate Turbulence and Fibrillatory Arrhythmias

OpenAIRE

Barquero Pérez, Óscar

2015-01-01

Tesis Doctoral leída en la Universidad Rey Juan Carlos de Madrid en 2015. Directores de la Tesis: José Luis Rojo Álvarez e Inmaculada Mora Jiménez El principal objetivo de esta Tesis Doctoral, en el campo del procesamiento digital de señales biomédicas, es el desarrollo de métodos robustos de análisis cardiaco. La Tesis tiene dos objetivos específicos, a saber, (1) caracterizar la fibrilación auricular y ventricular (FA, FV), y (2) evaluar, de forma no invasiva, el control del ...

Diagnosis technique for the detection of mechanical faults in power breakers; Tecnica de diagnostico para la deteccion de fallas mecanicas en interruptores de potencia

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Linan, Roberto; Perez, Marciano; Estrada, J. Manuel [Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas, Cuernavaca (Mexico)

1996-12-31

This article reports a non-invasive diagnosis technique for the detection of mechanical faults in power breakers, supporting it with the recording and analysis of vibration signals of the equipment under test. Also, an assessment of four breakers using this technique is presented. [Espanol] En el presente articulo se reporta una tecnica de diagnostico no invasiva para detectar fallas mecanicas en interruptores de potencia, apoyandose en el registro y analisis de senales de vibracion del equipo bajo prueba. Asimismo, se presenta la evaluacion de cuatro interruptores usando esta tecnica.

Prevención de infecciones en el paciente hematológico

OpenAIRE

Vicente Pascual, Eva

2015-01-01

El objetivo principal de este trabajo fin de máster es disminuir la incidencia de infecciones en los pacientes hematológicos pertenecientes al servicio de Hematología del Complejo Hospitalario de Navarra, actuando a través de varios campos en base a la evidencia científica vigente. Estas actuaciones contemplarán: lavado de manos, aislamiento protector, nutrición, higiene personal y ambiental, evitar técnicas invasivas, profilaxis farmacológica y vacunación. Además, implementación de...

Utilidad de la sonografía transcraneal en el parkinsonismo farmacológico: ¿puede predecir la respuesta a la retirada del fármaco parkinsonizante?

OpenAIRE

Alonso Cánovas, Araceli

2015-01-01

Introducción y objetivos: La hiperecogenicidad de la sustancia negra (SN) detectada por sonografía transcraneal (STC) es un biomarcador fiable para el diagnóstico de Enfermedad de Parkinson (EP), fácil de obtener de forma económica y no invasiva por neurosonólogos expertos. El parkinsonismo inducido por fármacos (PIF) es la segunda causa más frecuente de parkinsonismo: su diagnóstico es complejo porque el 15% de los casos de posible PIF son una EP desenmascarada. El SPECT-DaTSCAN es capaz de ...

Principios y aplicaciones de la tomografía por emisión de positrones (PET) en la cardiología. PET en México: una realidad

OpenAIRE

Alexanderson Rosas, Erick; Kerik, Nora E; Unzek Freiman, Samuel; Fermon Schwaycer, Salomón

2002-01-01

La tomografía por emisión de positrones (PET) ofrece la capacidad única de medir en forma no invasiva el flujo de substratos miocárdicos regionales y el índice de reacciones bioquímicas en mmol por minuto por gramo de miocardio. Mientras que este aspecto es verdaderamente único, el PET ofrece otras capacidades adicionales, como por ejemplo la evaluación o cuantificación del flujo sanguíneo miocárdico regional, el metabolismo cardíaco, la función ventricular, la viabilidad miocárdica, investig...

Monitoramento de fungos no ar comparação da quantidade de elementos fúngicos viáveis em dois centros de Transplante de Células-Tronco Hematopoéticas (TCTH) em Porto Alegre

OpenAIRE

Caroline Pellicioli Brun

2011-01-01

Infecções fúngicas invasivas têm emergido como causa de alta morbimortalidade entre pacientes com neoplasia hematológicas, principalmente os submetidos a transplante de células-tronco hematopoéticas (TCTH). Fungos estão onipresentes na natureza, logo, medidas com o objetivo de reduzir a carga fúngica em ambientes hospitalares têm sido preconizadas. No presente estudo, foi realizada coleta de fungos no ar em dois centros de referência em TCTH do sul do Brasil, que possuem instalações distintas...

Efecto de la música sobre la ansiedad y el dolor en pacientes con ventilación mecánica

OpenAIRE

Sanjuán Naváis, M.; Via Clavero, G. (Gemma); Vázquez Guillamet, B.; Moreno Durán, A.M.; Martínez Estalella, Gemma

2013-01-01

La capacidad de la música para aliviar la ansiedad o el dolor ha sido utilizada ampliamente a lo largo de la historia. Objetivo: Examinar los efectos de la música sobre la ansiedad y el dolor en pacientes con ventilación mecánica invasiva. Diseño: Un ensayo aleatorizado controlado con medidas repetidas. Material y método: estudio prospectivo experimental con distribución aleatoria, en un hospital universitario de tercer nivel, de enero de 2009 a junio de 2010. La muestra fue de 44 participant...

Diagnosis technique for the detection of mechanical faults in power breakers; Tecnica de diagnostico para la deteccion de fallas mecanicas en interruptores de potencia

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Linan, Roberto; Perez, Marciano; Estrada, J Manuel [Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas, Cuernavaca (Mexico)

1997-12-31

This article reports a non-invasive diagnosis technique for the detection of mechanical faults in power breakers, supporting it with the recording and analysis of vibration signals of the equipment under test. Also, an assessment of four breakers using this technique is presented. [Espanol] En el presente articulo se reporta una tecnica de diagnostico no invasiva para detectar fallas mecanicas en interruptores de potencia, apoyandose en el registro y analisis de senales de vibracion del equipo bajo prueba. Asimismo, se presenta la evaluacion de cuatro interruptores usando esta tecnica.

Desarrollo de competencias en el manejo del comportamiento del paciente durante la consulta odontopediátrica en la formación de especialistas en odontopediatría

OpenAIRE

Murillo Zabala, Aída Milena

2012-01-01

El presente estudio reconstruye el significado y el sentido del ejercicio profesional del especialista en odontopediatría, mediante la identificación de las competencias que le permitan el adecuado abordaje del comportamiento del paciente pediátrico durante la consulta odontológica, sin recurrir a técnicas invasivas tales como la sedación y la anestesia general. Por medio de un estudio de caso, a través de la aplicación de entrevistas semiestructuradas a especialistas en odontopediatría exper...

Estudio del placentoma de poblaciones de mabuya con énfasis en el análisis de células invasoras

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Simón Halcón Vieira Samper

2007-01-01

células invasivas comparten rasgos ultraestructurales con las células del corion, pero con particularidades que les permiten cumplir funciones específicas. Prolongaciones de estas células entran en contacto con capilares uterinos y forman un extenso sistema de membranas dobles muy próximas entre sí, que encapsulan el capilar. Este hallazgo proporciona bases para proponer una nueva clasificación de la placenta de estas lagartijas al evidenciarse una relación muy estrecha entre los tejidos embrionarios y la circulación materna.

Relevancia del mosquito tigre (Aedes Albopictus) como vector de enfermedades.

OpenAIRE

Blasco Rivera, Cristina

2017-01-01

El mosquito tigre (Ae. Albopictus) es uno de los vectores de las enfermedades causadas por arbovirus, siendo actualmente, la especie vectorial más invasiva del mundo. Se introdujo en Europa en 1979 localizándose en España por primera vez en agosto de 2004 en San Cugat del Vallés en Barcelona, desde donde no ha dejado de extenderse. Es vector del virus del dengue, virus del chikungunya, virus Zika y virus de la fiebre amarilla. El objetivo principal de este Trabajo de Fin de Grado será realiza...

Desarrollo de tecnologías acústicas como terapia para la enfermedad de Parkinson

OpenAIRE

Gálvez García, Gerardo Miguel

2015-01-01

Las patologías neurológicas en la población -principalmente en la tercera edad- están experimentando un incremento en incidencia y prevalencia, básicamente por el aumento de la media de edad en las sociedades occidentales, así como debido a problemas medioambientales. Esta situación es oportuna para la aparición de nuevas terapias complementarias a las habituales de tratamientos farmacológicos, con efectos secundarios importantes o a la propia cirugía, muy invasiva. Si consideramos a la músic...

Episodes of aeolian sand movement on a large spit system (Skagen Odde, Denmark) and North Atlantic storminess during the Little Ice Age

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Clemmensen, Lars B.; Glad, Aslaug C.; Hansen, Kristian W. T.

2015-01-01

. A change in the atmospheric circulation, so that both the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) and the Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation (AMO) were negative, apparently led to an increased number of intense cyclones causing inland sand movement and dune building. The second and third phase of aeolian sand...

Structural modification of swai-fish (Pangasius hypophthalmus)-based emulsions containing non-meat protein additives by ultra-high pressure and thermal treatments

Science.gov (United States)

Techarang, Jiranat; Apichartsrangkoon, Arunee; Phanchaisri, Boonrak; Pathomrungsiyoungkul, Pattavara; Sriwattana, Sujinda

2017-07-01

Swai-fish emulsions containing fermented soybeans (thua nao and rice-koji miso) were pressurized at 600 MPa for 20 min or heated at 72°C for 30 min. The fish batters were blended with soy protein isolate (SPI) or whey protein concentrate (WPC) to stabilize the emulsions. The processed fish emulsions were then subjected to physical, chemical and microbiological examinations. The results of gel strength and water-holding potential showed that SPI addition yielded higher impact on these properties than WPC addition, which was also confirmed by the interactions between SPI and native fish proteins depicted by electrophoregrams. The frequency profiles suggested that the heated gels had a greater storage and loss moduli than pressurized gels, while pressurized WPC set-gel displayed larger loss tangent (the predominance of viscous moiety) than those pressurized SPI set-gel. High bacteria and spore counts of B. subtilis (residual of the thua nao) were observed in both pressurized and heated fish-based emulsions.

Current-voltage curve of sodium channels and concentration dependence of sodium permeability in frog skin

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Fuchs, W; Larsen, Erik Hviid; Lindemann, B

1977-01-01

1. The inward facing membranes of in vitro frog skin epithelium were depolarized with solutions of high K concentration. The electrical properties of the epithelium are then expected to be governed by the outward facing, Na-selective membrane.2. In this state, the transepithelial voltage (V...... was recorded. This procedure was repeated after blocking the Na channels with amiloride to obtain the current-voltage curve of transmembrane and paracellular shunt pathways. The current-voltage curve of the Na channels was computed by subtracting the shunt current from the total current.4. The instantaneous I...... of the inward facing membranes but reflects the true behaviour of P(Na).6. The steady-state P(Na) at a given (Na)(o) is smaller than the transient P(Na) observed right after a stepwise increase of (Na)(o) to this value. The time constant of P(Na)-relaxation is in the order of seconds.7. In conclusion, Na...

Seasonal forecasts of northern hemisphere winter 2009/10

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Fereday, D R; Maidens, A; Arribas, A; Scaife, A A; Knight, J R

2012-01-01

Northern hemisphere winter 2009/10 was exceptional for atmospheric circulation: the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) index was the lowest on record for over a century. This contributed to cold conditions over large areas of Eurasia and North America. Here we use two versions of the Met Office GloSea4 seasonal forecast system to investigate the predictability of this exceptional winter. The first is the then operational version of GloSea4, which uses a low top model and successfully predicted a negative NAO in forecasts produced in September, October and November 2009. The second uses a new high top model, which better simulates sudden stratospheric warmings (SSWs). This is particularly relevant for 2009/10 due to its unusual combination of a strong El Niño and an easterly quasi-biennial oscillation (QBO) phase, favouring SSW development. SSWs are shown to play an influential role in surface conditions, producing a stronger sea level pressure signal and improving predictions of the 2009/10 winter. (letter)

Linkages between Icelandic Low position and SE Greenland winter precipitation

Science.gov (United States)

Berdahl, M.; Rennermalm, A. K.; Hammann, A. C.; Mioduszewski, J.; Hameed, S.; Tedesco, M.; Stroeve, J. C.; Mote, T. L.

2015-12-01

Greenland's largest flux of precipitation occurs in its Southeast (SE) region. An understanding of the mechanisms controlling precipitation in this region is lacking despite its disproportionate importance in the mass balance of Greenland and the consequent contributions to sea level rise. We use weather station data from the Danish Meteorological Institute to reveal the governing influences on precipitation in SE Greenland during the winter and fall. We find that precipitation in the fall is significantly correlated to the longitude of the Icelandic Low and the NAO. Winter precipitation is correlated with the strength and longitude of the Icelandic Low, as well as the NAO. We show that in years of extreme high precipitation, onshore winds dominate, thereby advecting more moisture inland. In low precipitation years, winds are more westerly, approaching the stations from land. Understanding the controls of SE Greenland precipitation will help us predict how future precipitation in this key region may change in a warming climate.

A Reassessment of the Integrated Impact of Tropical Cyclones on Surface Chlorophyll in the Western Subtropical North Atlantic

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Foltz, Gregory R.; Balaguru, Karthik; Leung, Lai-Yung R.

2015-02-28

The impact of tropical cyclones on surface chlorophyll concentration is assessed in the western subtropical North Atlantic Ocean during 1998–2011. Previous studies in this area focused on individual cyclones and gave mixed results regarding the importance of tropical cyclone-induced mixing for changes in surface chlorophyll. Using a more integrated and comprehensive approach that includes quantification of cyclone-induced changes in mixed layer depth, here it is shown that accumulated cyclone energy explains 22% of the interannual variability in seasonally-averaged (June–November) chlorophyll concentration in the western subtropical North Atlantic, after removing the influence of the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO). The variance explained by tropical cyclones is thus about 70% of that explained by the NAO, which has well-known impacts in this region. It is therefore likely that tropical cyclones contribute significantly to interannual variations of primary productivity in the western subtropical North Atlantic during the hurricane season.

Statistical-dynamic climate forecast for Europe and Germany. Final report; Statistisch-dynamische Klimavorhersage fuer Europa und Deutschland. Abschlussbericht

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Denhard, M.; Schoenwiese, C.D.

2001-07-01

Principal Correlation Pattern Analysis (PCPA) maps the local circulation, temperature and precipitation anomalies in the northern hemisphere in monthly resolution and permits an interpretation of their causes. Calculations are made for the El Nino phenomenon, NAO, and the quasi-11-year cycle of solar radiation variation. Especially the El Nino calculations show the efficiency of PCPA. [German] Mit Hilfe der Principal Correlation Pattern Analysis (PCPA) koennen die von verschiedenen Klimaantrieben erzeugten lokalen Zirkulations-, Temperatur- und Niederschlagsanomalien auf der Nordhemisphaere in monatlicher Aufloesung dargestellt und ursaechlich interpretiert werden. Diese Rechnungen wurden fuer das El Nino Phaenomen, die NAO und den quasi 11-jaehrigen Zyklus der solaren Strahlungsschwankungen durchgefuehrt. Insbesondere die Untersuchungen zu Wirkungen von El Nino auf Europa zeigen, dass die PCPA die Kopplungen eines Prozesses mit dem Klimasystem sehr genau beschreibt und somit die Voraussetzungen schafft, die Wirkungen dieses Klimaantriebs zu modellieren und ihn zur Vorhersage zu nutzen. Erste einfache Vorhersageexperimente fuer das europaeische Klima bestaetigen diese Aussage. (orig.)

A Review of Selected International Aircraft Spares Pooling Programs: Lessons Learned for F-35 Spares Pooling

Science.gov (United States)

2016-01-01

Applications Global Marketing Brochure, Eurofighter GmbH Case Study, September 2006. 39 The NAO is equivalent to the U.S. Government Accountability Office...www.publications.parliament.uk/pa/cm201011/cmselect/cmpubacc/860/860we01.htm IFS, IFS Applications Global Marketing Brochure, Eurofighter GmbH Case Study

Child's recognition of emotions in robot's face and body

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Cohen, I.; Looije, R.; Neerincx, M.A.

2011-01-01

Social robots can comfort and support children who have to cope with chronic diseases. In previous studies, a "facial robot", the iCat, proved to show well-recognized emotional expressions that are important in social interactions. The question is if a mobile robot without a face, the Nao, can

CPC - Climate Weather Linkage: El Niño Southern Oscillation

Science.gov (United States)

Teleconnections AO NAO PNA AAO Blocking Storm Tracks Climate Glossary Outreach About Us Our Mission Who We Are . P., and A. Kumar, 2000: Understanding and predicting extratropical teleconnections related to ENSO extratropical circulation anomalies during the 1986-1989 ENSO cycle. J. Climate, 6, 595-616. Ropelewski, C. F

Climate and the complexity of migratory phenology: sexes, migratory distance, and arrival distributions

Science.gov (United States)

Macmynowski, Dena P.; Root, Terry L.

2007-05-01

The intra- and inter-season complexity of bird migration has received limited attention in climatic change research. Our phenological analysis of 22 species collected in Chicago, USA, (1979 2002) evaluates the relationship between multi-scalar climate variables and differences (1) in arrival timing between sexes, (2) in arrival distributions among species, and (3) between spring and fall migration. The early migratory period for earliest arriving species (i.e., short-distance migrants) and earliest arriving individuals of a species (i.e., males) most frequently correlate with climate variables. Compared to long-distance migrant species, four times as many short-distance migrants correlate with spring temperature, while 8 of 11 (73%) of long-distance migrant species’ arrival is correlated with the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO). While migratory phenology has been correlated with NAO in Europe, we believe that this is the first documentation of a significant association in North America. Geographically proximate conditions apparently influence migratory timing for short-distance migrants while continental-scale climate (e.g., NAO) seemingly influences the phenology of Neotropical migrants. The preponderance of climate correlations is with the early migratory period, not the median of arrival, suggesting that early spring conditions constrain the onset or rate of migration for some species. The seasonal arrival distribution provides considerable information about migratory passage beyond what is apparent from statistical analyses of phenology. A relationship between climate and fall phenology is not detected at this location. Analysis of the within-season complexity of migration, including multiple metrics of arrival, is essential to detect species’ responses to changing climate as well as evaluate the underlying biological mechanisms.

Analysis and standardization of landings per unit effort of red shrimp Aristeus antennatus from the trawl fleet of Barcelona (NW Mediterranean

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Valeria Mamouridis

2014-03-01

Full Text Available Monthly landings and effort data from the Barcelona trawl fleet (NW Mediterranean were selected to analyse and standardize the landings per unit effort (LPUE of the red shrimp (Aristeus antennatus using generalized additive models. The dataset covers a span of 15 years (1994-2008 and consists of a broad spectrum of predictors: fleet-dependent (e.g. number of trips performed by vessels and their technical characteristics, such as the gross registered tonnage, temporal (inter- and intra-annual variability, environmental (North Atlantic Oscillation [NAO] index and economic (red shrimp and fuel prices variables. All predictors individually have an impact on LPUE, though some of them lose their predictive power when considered jointly. That is the case of the NAO index. Our results show that six variables from the whole set can be incorporated into a global model with a total explained deviance (ED of 43%. We found that the most important variables were effort-related predictors (trips, tonnage, and groups with a total ED of 20.58%, followed by temporal variables, with an ED of 13.12%, and finally the red shrimp price as an economic predictor with an ED of 9.30%. Taken individually, the main contributing variable was the inter-annual variability (ED=12.40%. This high ED value suggests that many factors correlated with inter-annual variability, such as environmental factors (the NAO in specific years and fuel price, could in turn affect LPUE variability. The standardized LPUE index with the effort variability removed was found to be similar to the fishery-independent abundance index derived from the MEDITS programme.

The use of new technologies for nutritional education in primary schools: a pilot study.

Science.gov (United States)

Rosi, A; Dall'Asta, M; Brighenti, F; Del Rio, D; Volta, E; Baroni, I; Nalin, M; Coti Zelati, M; Sanna, A; Scazzina, F

2016-11-01

The aim of this study was evaluating if the presence of a humanoid robot could improve the efficacy of a game-based, nutritional education intervention. This was a controlled, school-based pilot intervention carried out on fourth-grade school children (8-10 years old). A total of 112 children underwent a game-based nutritional educational lesson on the importance of carbohydrates. For one group (n = 58), the lesson was carried out by a nutritional educator, the Master of Taste (MT), whereas for another group, (n = 54) the Master of Taste was supported by a humanoid robot (MT + NAO). A third group of children (n = 33) served as control not receiving any lesson. The intervention efficacy was evaluated by questionnaires administered at the beginning and at the end of each intervention. The nutritional knowledge level was evaluated by the cultural-nutritional awareness factor (AF) score. A total of 290 questionnaires were analyzed. Both MT and MT + NAO interventions significantly increased nutritional knowledge. At the end of the study, children in the MT and MT + NAO group showed similar AF scores, and the AF scores of both intervention groups were significantly higher than the AF score of the control group. This study showed a significant increase in the nutritional knowledge of children involved in a game-based, single-lesson, educational intervention performed by a figure that has a background in food science. However, the presence of a humanoid robot to support this figure's teaching activity did not result in any significant learning improvement. Copyright © 2016 The Royal Society for Public Health. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Quilotórax: A propósito de um caso clínico Chylothorax - Case report

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Ricardo José Brito Pereira de Lima

2009-05-01

Full Text Available O quilotorax caracteriza-se pela presença de linfa no espaço pleural devido a lesão ou obstrução do ducto torácico. O diagnostico e feito com base no elevado conteúdo de trigliceridos e na presença de quilomicrons. A etiologia do quilotorax pode ser dividida em traumática e nao traumática. A ruptura traumática ocorre após acidentes ou cirurgias. Das causas não traumáticas, a mais comum e o linfoma e, na presença de um quilotorax de etiologia desconhecida, a primeira suspeita diagnostica devera ser dirigida para esta entidade, sendo o tipo mais frequente o nao Hodgkin. Os autores apresentam o caso de um doente com quilotorax, cujo diagnóstico etiológico foi de linfoma nao Hodgkin, discutem os aspectos particulares do quilotorax, bem como a investigação e modalidades de tratamento desta entidade.Chylothorax is the occurrence of lymph in the pleura due to damage or obstruction of the thoracic duct. High content of triglycerides and the presence of chylomicrons make the diagnosis of chylothorax. Its aetiology can be divided in traumatic and non-traumatic. Traumatic rupture occurs after accidents or surgery. Within non -traumatic aetiology, lymphoma is the most common and in the presence of a chylothorax of unknown origin this should be the first suspicion, being non -Hodgkin type the most frequent. The authors present a case report of a patient with chylothorax due to non -Hodgkin lymphoma, discuss the particularities of chylothorax as well as the investigation and its treatment options.

Atmospheric teleconnection influence on North American land surface phenology

Science.gov (United States)

Dannenberg, Matthew P.; Wise, Erika K.; Janko, Mark; Hwang, Taehee; Kolby Smith, W.

2018-03-01

Short-term forecasts of vegetation activity are currently not well constrained due largely to our lack of understanding of coupled climate-vegetation dynamics mediated by complex interactions between atmospheric teleconnection patterns. Using ecoregion-scale estimates of North American vegetation activity inferred from remote sensing (1982-2015), we examined seasonal and spatial relationships between land surface phenology and the atmospheric components of five teleconnection patterns over the tropical Pacific, north Pacific, and north Atlantic. Using a set of regression experiments, we also tested for interactions among these teleconnection patterns and assessed predictability of vegetation activity solely based on knowledge of atmospheric teleconnection indices. Autumn-to-winter composites of the Southern Oscillation Index (SOI) were strongly correlated with start of growing season timing, especially in the Pacific Northwest. The two leading modes of north Pacific variability (the Pacific-North American, PNA, and West Pacific patterns) were significantly correlated with start of growing season timing across much of southern Canada and the upper Great Lakes. Regression models based on these Pacific teleconnections were skillful predictors of spring phenology across an east-west swath of temperate and boreal North America, between 40°N-60°N. While the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) was not strongly correlated with start of growing season timing on its own, we found compelling evidence of widespread NAO-SOI and NAO-PNA interaction effects. These results suggest that knowledge of atmospheric conditions over the Pacific and Atlantic Oceans increases the predictability of North American spring phenology. A more robust consideration of the complexity of the atmospheric circulation system, including interactions across multiple ocean basins, is an important step towards accurate forecasts of vegetation activity.

Climatology and internal variability in a 1000-year control simulation with the coupled climate model ECHO-G

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Min, S.K.; Hense, A. [Bonn Univ. (Germany). Meteorologisches Inst.; Legutke, S.; Kwon, W.T. [Korea Meteorological Administration, Seoul (Korea). Meteorological Research Inst.

2004-03-01

The climatology and internal variability in a 1000-year control simulation of the coupled atmosphere-ocean global climate model ECHO-G are analyzed and compared with observations and other coupled climate model simulations. ECHO-G requires annual mean flux corrections for heat and freshwater in order to simulate no climate drift for 1000 years, but no flux corrections for momentum. The ECHO-G control run captures well most aspects of the observed seasonal and annual climatology and of the interannual to decadal variability. Model biases are very close to those in ECHAM4 stand-alone integrations with prescribed observed sea surface temperature. A trend comparison between observed and modeled near surface temperatures shows that the observed global warming at near surface level is beyond the range of internal variability produced by ECHO-G. The simulated global mean near surface temperatures, however, show a two-year spectral peak which is linked with a strong biennial bias of energy in the ENSO signal. Consequently, the interannual variability (3-9 years) is underestimated. The overall ENSO structure such as the tropical SST climate and its seasonal cycle, a single ITCZ in the eastern tropical Pacific, and the ENSO phase-locking to the annual cycle are simulated reasonably well by ECHO-G. However, the amplitude of SST variability is overestimated in the eastern equatorial pacific and the observed westward propagation of zonal wind stress over the equatorial pacific is not captured by the model. ENSO-related teleconnection patterns of near surface temperature, precipitation, and mean sea level pressure are reproduced realistically. The station-based NAO index in the model exhibits a 'white' noise spectrum similar to the observed and the NAO-related patterns of near surface temperature, precipitation, and mean sea level pressure are also simulated successfully. However, the model overestimates the additional warming over the north pacific in the high index

A enfermagem no manejo da dor em pessoas com úlcera venosa: revisão integrativa Nursing in the management of pain in people with venous ulcer: integrative review

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Samilly Márjore Dantas Liberato

2016-04-01

Full Text Available Objetivo: sintetizar o conhecimento produzido sobre as intervenções utilizadas para o manejo da dor em pessoas com úlcera venosa. Métodos: revisão integrativa da literatura realizada em junho de 2013 nas bases de dados PubMed, CINAHL, ISI Web of Knowledge, SCOPUS, The Cochrane Library e LILACS. Para o levantamento das publicações foram utilizados descritores do vocabulário MeSH – Medical Subject Headings: “Venous ulcers”; “Pain Management” e “Nursing”.  Resultados: foram selecionados sete artigos e estes apresentaram intervenções do tipo farmacológicas - curativos contendo ibuprofeno, técnicas como musicoterapia, aromoterapia e laserterapia e participação em grupos de apoio. Conclusão: concluiu-se que existe um déficit de estudos sobre o manejo da dor, contudo sugere-se a implementação das atividades de intervenção encontradas para realização de uma assistência eficaz e holística.

Maadili Ya Utafiti | Mukuthuria | Kiswahili

African Journals Online (AJOL)

Maadili ni kaida zinazoelekeza tabia zetu katika mahusiano yetu ya kila siku na wenzetu (taz. Mathooko na wenzie, 2007:15). Katika utafiti, maadili ni uwajibikaji na uwelekevu kitabia kuhusiana na haki za wale wote tunaotangamana nao katika utafiti, uwelekevu katika nia na malengo ya utafiti na jinsi ya kutumia matokeo ...

Flowering of allergenically important plant species in relation to the North Atlantic Oscillation system and thermal time in the Czech Republic

Czech Academy of Sciences Publication Activity Database

Hájková, L.; Hubálek, Zdeněk; Kožnarová, V.; Bartošová, Lenka; Možný, M.

2018-01-01

Roč. 34, č. 2 (2018), s. 157-169 ISSN 0393-5965 R&D Projects: GA MŠk(CZ) LO1415; GA MZe QJ1310123 Institutional support: RVO:68081766 ; RVO:67179843 Keywords : NAO * Allergology * Czech Republic * Onset of flowering * Climate change * GDD * Soil temperature Impact factor: 2.202, year: 2016

RELACIÓN DE LA EXPRESIÓN DE mARN DE LAS METALOPROTEINASAS 2 Y 9 Y EL INHIBIDOR TIMP-1 EN MOLA HIDATIDIFORME COMPLETA

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Martha Pinzón

2008-04-01

Full Text Available Durante el comienzo de la gestación el factor de crecimiento similar a la insulina tipo II (IGF-II se expresa abundantemente en la placenta y podría regular el comportamiento invasivo de las células trofoblásticas. La habilidad invasiva dependerá también de la capacidad de secretar metaloproteinasas (MMPs, cuya expresión anormal contribuye a varios procesos patológicos. En la Enfermedad Trofoblástica Gestacional (ETG estos factores podrían estar desregulados, así la mola hidatidiforme completa (MHC conduce a la formación del coriocarcinoma, que es un tumor invasivo y metastásico. El objetivo de este estudio fue investigar la relación entre los niveles de mARN de IGF-II, MMP-2, MMP-9 y TIMP-1, por la técnica de RT-PCR, en tejidos de mola hidatidiforme vs. placentas de primer trimestre. La actividad de las MMPs se evaluó usando el ensayo de zimografía, encontrando que en MHC ésta se incrementa, lo cual podría relacionar la malignización del trofoblasto con el incremento en su capacidad invasiva. La expresión elevada de IGF-II en esta patología, también podría estar asociada con el incremento en la actividad de estas MMPs. Una mayor relación entre la expresión de mARNde MMP-9/TIMP-1 en la mola hidatidiforme completa se sugiere como predictor de malignización del tejido trofoblástico.

Causas de remocao nao eletiva do cateter epicutaneo em neonatos

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Eny Dorea Paiva

2013-12-01

Full Text Available Objetivou-se descrever a incidência e as razões de remoção não eletiva do cateter epicutâneo em neonatos, verificando a associação com o sítio de inserção. Estudo de coorte prospectivo realizado em unidade de cuidado intensivo neonatal de um hospital privado terciário na cidade de São Paulo. Foram analisadas 266 inserções de cateter epicutâneo. A incidência de remoção não eletiva foi 39,1%. As complicações pós-inserção mais frequentes foram suspeita de infecção de corrente sanguínea relacionada ao cateter (25% e ruptura (23,1%. A maioria dos cateteres foi inserida através do hemisfério corporal direito (65%, membros superiores (77,1% e veias axilares (31,2%. Os resultados sugerem não haver associação entre a incidência de remoção não eletiva e o sítio de inserção do cateter epicutâneo em neonatos. Compete à Enfermagem implementar estratégias para a melhoria da prática assistencial a fim de diminuir a frequência de remoções não eletivas do cateter epicutâneo em neonatos.

Government Policy in England on the Financing of ITT: Value for Money or a Waste of Resources?

Science.gov (United States)

Hilton, Gillian L. S.

2017-01-01

A recent report by the National Audit Office (NAO, 2016) has criticised the Department of Education's organisation of Initial Teacher Training programmes in England as not providing value for money. This paper explores recent reports from government agencies, Parliament and the press on this issue. Further to this, leaders of various programmes…

Da estética ao terrorismo: Agamben, entre Nietzsche e Heidegger

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Cláudio Oliveira

2012-09-01

Full Text Available O artigo tenta demonstrar que, em seu primeiro livro, O homem sem conteúdo, Giorgio Agamben se move entre a ideia heideggeriana de uma destruição da estética e a ideia nietzschiana de uma destruição da estética do expectador. O artigo mostra como Agamben reduz estas duas ideias, que na origem são distintas, em uma única e mesma ideia. O artigo tenta ainda demonstrar como Agamben, partindo dessa discussão com Nietzsche e Heidegger, chega a uma ideia própria da arte, em nosso tempo, como possuindo um caráter terrorista.

O efeito da ingestão de um café com e sem canela na glicémia pós prandial em adultos saudáveis

OpenAIRE

Fernandes, Sara Raquel Soares

2013-01-01

Dissertação para obtenção do grau de Mestre em Nutrição Clínica Introdução: A canela é uma das especiarias mais conhecidas e de uso generalizado. Estudos anteriores demonstraram que a sua ingestão reduz tanto a glicemia pós-prandial como os níveis de stress oxidativo, o que parece estar subjacente à resistência à insulina. A maioria dos estudos sobre a canela procura verificar seus efeitos em doentes diabéticos de tipo 2, mas estudos em indivíduos saudáveis são raros. Objeti...

Projecto de rede de distribuição de gás natural

OpenAIRE

Marques, Pedro Daniel Relvas Dias

2014-01-01

O gás natural foi introduzido em Portugal em 1997. Desde essa data, a estrutura de consumo de gás natural evidencia que, logo após o sector da produção de electricidade, é o sector industrial que regista o maior consumo de gás natural. O consumo de gás natural reduz de forma significativa as emissões de CO2 para a atmosfera, em comparação com outros combustíveis fósseis (p. ex.: carvão, nafta), pois é uma energia mais limpa e menos poluente. Apresenta também a vantagem ser ener...

Evapotranspiração e produção da abóbora cultivar bárbaba sob diferentes níveis de salinidade e de adubação nitrogenada

OpenAIRE

Lima, Rozana Maria de Sousa

2013-01-01

A maior demanda por água para irrigação tem levado os agricultores a utilizarem águas com salinidade mais elevada, sendo que sua utilização fica condicionada à tolerância das culturas à salinidade e ao manejo da irrigação. A adubação nitrogenada tem proporcionado um aumento significativo na produção e em ambiente salino reduz o efeito dos sais. Este trabalho teve como objetivo estudar os efeitos de diferentes níveis de salinidade da água de irrigação e de doses de nitrogênio aplicado via fert...

Carboidratos e carotenoides totais em duas variedades de mangarito

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Ana Paula Sato Ferreira

2014-05-01

Full Text Available O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a composição de carboidratos e carotenoides em rizomas mãe e filhos das variedades de mangarito (Xanthosoma riedelianum pequeno e gigante. Amostras dos rizomas coletadas ao longo do ciclo cultural e após 90 dias de armazenamento foram avaliadas quanto aos teores de carboidratos e carotenoides totais. Os rizomas apresentaram aumento no teor de carboidratos, e o rizoma-mãe da variedade pequeno apresentou acréscimos lineares no teor de carotenoides, ao longo do cultivo. O armazenamento reduz os teores de carboidratos e de carotenoides totais em todos os rizomas.

Desarrollo de un modelo generalizado para realimentación de fuerza y torque en cirugía cardiotorácica robótica mínimamente invasiva: determinación de condiciones y restricciones Development of a generalized model for force and torque feedback in robotic minimally invasive cardiothoracic surgery: identification of conditions and restrictions

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Vera Pérez

2011-07-01

Full Text Available INTRODUCCIÓN: los procedimientos de cirugía cardiotorácica mínimamente invasiva (MICS, su sigla en Inglés buscan reducir las complicaciones de las grandes disecciones. No obstante, ante la falta de contacto directo con el tejido por parte del cirujano, éste recibe una sensación parcial de tacto y fuerza, lo que puede originar errores de procedimiento, inadecuada fuerza aplicada al tejido y fatiga durante el acto quirúrgico. La inclusión de dispositivos robóticos con la técnica MICS ha potencializado las habilidades del cirujano para la manipulación de los tejidos, y aunque los desarrollos del mercado no cuentan aún con retroalimentación táctil, se trabaja en prototipos robóticos que incorporan realimentación de fuerza y torque. OBJETIVO: proponer las condiciones y restricciones relacionadas con la incorporación de realimentación de fuerza y torque en MICS robótica, aplicables a diferentes configuraciones de manipuladores, y analizar la implementación de dichas condiciones en un simulador quirúrgico. MATERIAL Y MÉTODOS: partiendo del análisis de necesidades durante procedimientos cardiotorácicos y las condiciones de cirugía mínimamente invasiva, se identificaron los requerimientos para garantizar reflexión de fuerza y se realizó un análisis matemático de dichas consideraciones. Finalmente, se verificaron los análisis matemáticos mediante técnicas de modelización y simulación utilizando la plataforma computacional Matlab®. RESULTADOS: se argumentaron tres tipos de consideraciones: a Cinemático: la existencia de un punto fijo, las formas de garantizarlo durante procedimientos MICS robóticos, y las trayectorias de movimiento que el manipulador sigue en aplicaciones de cirugía cardiotorácica; b Dinámico: la repercusión de fuerzas externas en el manipulador y la manera de considerarlas en el desarrollo de controladores que permitan al cirujano percibir una sensación de contacto con el tejido; c Sensorial

Estratégia digital de marketing de conteúdos : estudo de caso "Nestlé Cozinhar"

OpenAIRE

Monteiro, Marta Ventura Lourenço Morais

2016-01-01

O marketing de conteúdos não é algo novo mas tem vindo, nos últimos anos, a ganhar especial relevância por parte de muitas empresas que pretendem criar e distribuir conteúdo valioso e relevante para um público-alvo específico. Num mundo tão competitivo, os consumidores estão cada vez menos recetivos a mensagens publicitárias invasivas e sem qualquer tipo de propósito para as suas vidas. Como tal, o marketing de conteúdos vem ajudar muitas marcas a estabelecer ou reforçar ligaçõ...

Evaluación de la Función Neuromuscular del Antebrazo durante contracciones isométricas mediante Electromiografía de Superficie Multicanal

OpenAIRE

Mónica Rojas-Martínez; Michelle García; Joan Francesc Alonso; Jesús Marín; Miguel Ángel Mañanas

2011-01-01

Resumen: Desarrollo de un protocolo experimental con ejercicios de flexión isométrica de los dedos y muñeca asociado a lesiones de esfuerzo repetitivo, y validación de la electromiografía de superficie multicanal como técnica no invasiva en la monitorización de procesos de rehabilitación, por ejemplo, de la mialgia muscular en músicos pianistas. El análisis de los patrones de activación de tres músculos extensores y un flexor del antebrazo en un grupo control ha permitido obtener resultados r...

Candida glabrata um patogénio emergente?

OpenAIRE

Matilde, Filipa Alexandra Veiga

2014-01-01

Dissertação para obtenção do grau de Mestre no Instituto Superior de Ciências da Saúde Egas Moniz Nas últimas décadas as infecções fúngicas têm aumentado exponencialmente. Apesar de Candida albicans (C. albicans) continuar a ser a espécie isolada com maior frequência, as espécies não albicans tem vindo a proliferar rapidamente. Candida glabrata (C. glabrata) é uma das espécies emergentes como patogénio oportunista humano, sendo responsável maioritariamente por candidoses invasivas em pacie...

Cuantificación y control de la carga de entrenamiento y competición en fútbol

OpenAIRE

Recuenco Serrano, David

2016-01-01

El estudio de la carga interna y la carga externa en el fútbol ha suscitado un gran interés en los últimos años. Desde la perspectiva de la carga interna, es necesario estudiar y conocer variables que nos permitan su análisis de forma rápida y poco invasiva. Esto puede conseguirse mediante el uso de métodos subjetivos como los test psicométricos o la escala de esfuerzo percibido RPE y métodos novedosos aplicados al deporte, como el registro de la variabilidad de la frecuencia cardíaca (VFC). ...

Lythrum salicaria (Lythraceae), nueva cita para la flora de Argentina

OpenAIRE

Torres, Cristian Daniel; Puntieri, Javier Guido

2016-01-01

Lythrum es un género cosmopolita que incluye unas 36 especies de hierbas anuales y perennes. Lythrum salicaria, una de las especies de más amplia distribución geográfica del género, crece en ambientes riparios en varios países y resulta altamente invasiva fuera de su área de distribución natural. En este trabajo se informa por primera vez la presencia de una población espontánea de L. salicaria en Argentina. Se recolectaron especímenes en la localidad de Las Golondrinas, provincia de Chubut, ...

Characterization of brain tissue phantom using an indentation device and inverse finite element parameter estimation algorithm

OpenAIRE

Mesa Múnera, Elizabeth

2011-01-01

La inserción de agujas es un procedimiento reconocido en la comunidad médica debido a sus aplicaciones en cirugías mínimamente invasivas (MIS), como biopsias, braquiterapia, neurocirugía, y remoción de tumores. La inserción neuro-quirúrgica de agujas es un tipo de MIS que contrario a la cirugía abierta (donde las manipulaciones quirúrgicas son guiadas por visión directa) se desarrollan con un campo de visión restringido, retroalimentación visual 2D y retroalimentación háptica distorsionada. ...

Desenvolvimento de protocolos de neuronavegação para estudos de estimulação magnética transcraniana e suas aplicações em voluntários controle e pacientes com acidente vascular cerebral

OpenAIRE

André Salles Cunha Peres

2012-01-01

Objetivos A estimulação magnética transcraniana (TMS, do inglês: Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation) e as imagens funcionais por ressonância magnética (fMRI, do inglês: functinal Magnetic Resonance Imaging) são duas técnicas não invasivas de investigação de atividade do sistema nervoso central. Porém essas duas técnicas utilizam estratégias diferentes para mensurar a atividade cerebral, sendo que a TMS avalia a resposta elétrica enquanto que a fMRI a resposta hemodinâmica. Nosso intuito nesse...

Impacto y efectividad de la vacunación infantil con la vacuna neumocócica conjugada 13-valente en Navarra

OpenAIRE

Guevara Eslava, Marcela

2015-01-01

La vacuna neumocócica conjugada 7 valente (VNC7) comenzó a estar disponibles en España en 2001, la 10-valente (VNC10) en 2009 y la 13-valente (VNC13) en 2010. En Navarra, sin estar incluidas en el calendario oficial de vacunaciones, se ha extendido su uso en los niños. Los objetivos de este estudio han sido evaluar el impacto de la vacunación infantil con la VNC13 sobre la epidemiología de la enfermedad neumocócica invasiva (ENI) en la población de Navarra de todas las edade...

Secuelas de la Cirugía Gástrica (Primera parte)

OpenAIRE

Jaime De la Hoz

1994-01-01

Los procedimientos quirúrgicos en el tubo digestivo, en razón a los avances formidables en los conocimientos de la fisiopatología, a los progresos en el aspecto nutricional, a las técnicas quirúrgicas más depuradas y menos invasivas, al USD racional de los antibióticos, a la conducción del postoperatorio con mejor conocimiento en el manejo de líquidos, electrólitos y los factores de cicatrización, han reducido la morbilidad y la mortalidad. Sin embargo, se tiene que admitir que las técnicas q...

Enfoque psicosomático de la medición de estrés

OpenAIRE

Garzón-Rey, Jorge Mario

2017-01-01

El estrés es un fenómeno que podemos percibir, pero difícilmente describir. El objetivo de esta tesis establecer una medida objetiva, continua y no invasiva del nivel de estrés emocional agudo en jóvenes sanos a partir de parámetros psicosomáticos. Para así ofrecer una aplicación práctica en el diagnóstico y en el seguimiento de la intervención terapéutica, mitigando los efectos negativos del estrés e incidiendo directamente en el bienestar de la persona. Existen dos conjuntos de sistemas ...

Enfoque psicosomático de la medición de estrés.

OpenAIRE

Garzón-Rey, Jorge Mario; Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona. Departament de Microelectrònica i Sistemes Electrònics.

2017-01-01

El estrés es un fenómeno que podemos percibir, pero difícilmente describir. El objetivo de esta tesis establecer una medida objetiva, continua y no invasiva del nivel de estrés emocional agudo en jóvenes sanos a partir de parámetros psicosomáticos. Para así ofrecer una aplicación práctica en el diagnóstico y en el seguimiento de la intervención terapéutica, mitigando los efectos negativos del estrés e incidiendo directamente en el bienestar de la persona. Existen dos conjuntos de sistemas alt...

Caracterização da perda de peso, da ingestão dietética e implicações clínico-nutricionais decorrentes da cirurgia bariátrica

OpenAIRE

Costa, Mariane Oliveira

2007-01-01

A obesidade é considerada uma doença complexa, de múltiplas etiologias e capaz de constituir um problema de saúde pública, assim como um dilema clínico importante. A cirurgia bariátrica, apesar de sua natureza invasiva, vem apresentando taxa de sucesso no tratamento da obesidade mórbida, promovendo perda de peso significativa e facilitando sua manutenção. Um dos insucessos da manutenção da perda de peso, promovida por várias terapias de redução de peso, está relacionado com a redução do gasto...

Análise proteômica comparativa dos componentes da superfície celular e do secretoma de Aspergillus fumigatus

OpenAIRE

Paula Helena Kubitschek Barreira

2011-01-01

Aspergillus fumigatus é o principal agente etiológico da aspergilose invasiva, infecção fúngica oportunista com altas taxas de mortalidade afetando, principalmente, pacientes com neutropenia profunda e prolongada. Durante o processo de invasão e disseminação características desta infecção sistêmica, os conídios do fungo inalados e não eliminados pelas células do sistema imune inato diferenciam-se em hifas que, por sua vez, são angioinvasivas. Pouco se conhece sobre as moléculas da parede celu...

Estudo proteômico da interação do Aspergillus fumigatus com células endoteliais da veia umbilical humana (HUVECs)

OpenAIRE

Nathália Curty Andrade

2012-01-01

O Aspergillus fumigatus é o principal agente etiológico da aspergilose invasiva, uma infecção fúngica oportunista que acomete, principalmente, pacientes de Unidades Hematológicas, como aqueles com neutropenia profunda e prolongada. Após a filamentação este fungo angioinvasivo é capaz de ativar e causar danos em células endoteliais de veia umbilical humana (HUVEC) que passam a expressar um fenótipo pró-trombótico. A ativação destas células, dependente de contato célulacélula, é mediada por ...

Osteosíntesis percutánea con placas volares bloqueadas en fracturas metafisarias distales de radio Descripción de la técnica y resultados preliminares. [Percutaneous volar locked plate fixation in metaphyseal fractures of distal radius: technical description and preliminary results].

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Natalia del Milagro Gutierrez Olivera

2016-05-01

Full Text Available Objetivo Evaluar resultados objetivos y subjetivos obtenidos luego de realizar osteosíntesis con placas en T bloqueadas volares, colocadas con técnica mínimamente invasiva, en fracturas del radio distal con extensión metafisaria. Material y Métodos Evaluación retrospectiva de seis pacientes adultos que presentaron fracturas inestables de radio distal, extra-articulares o articulares parciales, con extensión  metafisaria, tratadas quirúrgicamente con placas en T largas de compresión bloqueadas volares, mediante  técnica mínimamente invasiva, entre 2007 y  2012. Edad promedio 40,6 años. Todas las fracturas fueron cerradas, clasificadas como tipo 23A3 (n: 5 y 23B1 (n: 1 según el Sistema AO/ASIF. Se realizó reducción indirecta de la fractura, bajo visión radioscópica, a través de dos pequeñas incisiones se deslizó en forma percutánea una placa bloqueada volar en T. Se analizaron  parámetros radiológicos (angulación volar, inclinación radial y altura radial, el rango de movimiento y la fuerza. Los resultados subjetivos fueron evaluados usando la Escala de DASH y la Escala Visual Análoga. Resultados Tiempo de consolidaron promedio de 2,3 meses. Los resultados radiográficos no mostraron diferencias significativas entre el primer y el último control radiográfico al año de seguimiento. Flexión y extensión promedio 70° y 60°, pronación y supinación 79° y 80° respectivamente. Fuerza de prensión promedio 78,4%. El score de DASH 19,84 puntos y el EVA 1,5 puntos. Conclusión Las técnicas mínimamente invasivas reducen el daño quirúrgico y complicaciones. Son una opción en pacientes con daño severo de partes blandas, conminución metafisaria y trauma de alta energía. Pequeñas incisiones alejadas del sitio de fractura respetan los tejidos blandos y la biología ósea, contribuyendo a lograr la consolidación. La colocación de placas volares bloqueadas percutáneas es un procedimiento técnicamente demandante

Tree-ring reconstruction of streamflow in the Snare River Basin, Northwest Territories, Canada

Science.gov (United States)

Martin, J. P.; Pisaric, M. F.

2017-12-01

Drought is a component of many ecosystems in North America causing environmental and socioeconomical impacts. In the ongoing context of climatic and environmental changes, drought-related issues are becoming problematic in northern Canada, which have not been associated with drought-like conditions in the past. Dryer than average conditions threatens the energy security of northern canadian communities, since this region relies on the production of hydroelectricity as an energy source. In the North Slave Region of Northwest Territory (NWT), water levels and streamflows were significantly lower in 2014/2015. The Government of the NWT had to spend nearly $50 million to purchase diesel fuel to generate enough electricity to supplement the reduced power generation of the Snare River hydroelectric system, hence the need to better understand the multi-decadal variability in streamflow. The aims of this presentation are i) to present jack pine and white spruce tree-ring chronologies of Southern NWT; ii) to reconstruct past streamflow of the Snare River Basin; iii) to evaluate the frequency and magnitude of extreme drought conditions, and iv) to identify which large-scale atmospheric or oceanic patterns are teleconnected to regional hydraulic conditions. Preliminary results show that the growth of jack pine and white spruce populations is better correlated with precipitation and temperature, respectively, than hydraulic conditions. Nonetheless, we present a robust streamflow reconstruction of the Snare River that is well correlated with the summer North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) index, albeit the strength of the correlation is non-stationary. Spectral analysis corroborate the synchronicity between negative NAO conditions and drought conditions. From an operational standpoint, considering that the general occurrence of positive/negative NAO can be predicted, it the hope of the authors that these results can facilitate energetic planning in the Northwest Territories through

Long-term trends in first arrival and first egg laying dates of some migrant and resident bird species in northern Italy

Science.gov (United States)

Rubolini, Diego; Ambrosini, Roberto; Caffi, Mario; Brichetti, Pierandrea; Armiraglio, Stefano; Saino, Nicola

2007-08-01

Climate change is affecting the phenology of seasonal events in Europe and the Northern Hemisphere, as shown by several studies of birds’ timing of migration and reproduction. Here, we analyse the long-term (1982-2006) trends of first arrival dates of four long-distance migratory birds [swift ( Apus apus), nightingale ( Luscinia megarhynchos), barn swallow ( Hirundo rustica), and house martin ( Delichon urbicum)] and first egg laying dates of two migrant (swift, barn swallow) and two resident species [starling ( Sturnus vulgaris), Italian sparrow ( Passer italiae)] at a study site in northern Italy. We also addressed the effects of local weather (temperature and precipitation) and a climate index (the North Atlantic Oscillation, NAO) on the interannual variability of phenological events. We found that the swift and the barn swallow significantly advanced both arrival and laying dates, whereas all other species did not show any significant temporal trend in either arrival or laying date. The earlier arrival of swifts was explained by increasing local temperatures in April, whereas this was not the case for arrival dates of swallows and first egg laying dates of both species. In addition, arrival dates of house martins were earlier following high NAO winters, while nightingale arrival was earlier when local spring rainfall was greater. Finally, Italian sparrow onset of reproduction was anticipated by greater spring rainfall, but delayed by high spring NAO anomalies, and swift’s onset of reproduction was anticipated by abundant rainfall prior to reproduction. There were no significant temporal trends in the interval between onset of laying and arrival in either the swift or the barn swallow. Our findings therefore indicate that birds may show idiosyncratic responses to climate variability at different spatial scales, though some species may be adjusting their calendar to rapidly changing climatic conditions.

Nonstationarities in the occurrence rates of flood events in Portuguese watersheds

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A. T. Silva

2012-01-01

Full Text Available An exploratory analysis on the variability of flood occurrence rates in 10 Portuguese watersheds is made, to ascertain if that variability is concurrent with the principle of stationarity. A peaks-over-threshold (POT sampling technique is applied to 10 long series of mean daily streamflows and to 4 long series of daily rainfall in order to sample the times of occurrence (POT time data of the peak values of those series. The kernel occurrence rate estimator, coupled with a bootstrap approach, was applied to the POT time data to obtain the time dependent estimated occurrence rate curves, λˆ(t, of floods and extreme rainfall events. The results of the analysis show that the occurrence of those events constitutes an inhomogeneous Poisson process, hence the occurrence rates are nonstationary. An attempt was made to assess whether the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO casted any influence on the occurrence rate of floods in the study area. Although further research is warranted, it was found that years with a less-than-average occurrence of floods tend to occur when the winter NAO is in the positive phase, and years with a higher occurrence of floods (more than twice the average tend to occur when the winter NAO is in the negative phase. Although the number of analyzed watersheds and their uneven spatial distribution hinders the generalization of the findings to the country scale, the authors conclude that the mathematical formulation of the flood frequency models relying on stationarity commonly employed in Portugal should be revised in order to account for possible nonstationarities in the occurrence rates of such events.

Mediterranean Thermohaline Response to Large-Scale Winter Atmospheric Forcing in a High-Resolution Ocean Model Simulation

Science.gov (United States)

Cusinato, Eleonora; Zanchettin, Davide; Sannino, Gianmaria; Rubino, Angelo

2018-04-01

Large-scale circulation anomalies over the North Atlantic and Euro-Mediterranean regions described by dominant climate modes, such as the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO), the East Atlantic pattern (EA), the East Atlantic/Western Russian (EAWR) and the Mediterranean Oscillation Index (MOI), significantly affect interannual-to-decadal climatic and hydroclimatic variability in the Euro-Mediterranean region. However, whereas previous studies assessed the impact of such climate modes on air-sea heat and freshwater fluxes in the Mediterranean Sea, the propagation of these atmospheric forcing signals from the surface toward the interior and the abyss of the Mediterranean Sea remains unexplored. Here, we use a high-resolution ocean model simulation covering the 1979-2013 period to investigate spatial patterns and time scales of the Mediterranean thermohaline response to winter forcing from NAO, EA, EAWR and MOI. We find that these modes significantly imprint on the thermohaline properties in key areas of the Mediterranean Sea through a variety of mechanisms. Typically, density anomalies induced by all modes remain confined in the upper 600 m depth and remain significant for up to 18-24 months. One of the clearest propagation signals refers to the EA in the Adriatic and northern Ionian seas: There, negative EA anomalies are associated to an extensive positive density response, with anomalies that sink to the bottom of the South Adriatic Pit within a 2-year time. Other strong responses are the thermally driven responses to the EA in the Gulf of Lions and to the EAWR in the Aegean Sea. MOI and EAWR forcing of thermohaline properties in the Eastern Mediterranean sub-basins seems to be determined by reinforcement processes linked to the persistency of these modes in multiannual anomalous states. Our study also suggests that NAO, EA, EAWR and MOI could critically interfere with internal, deep and abyssal ocean dynamics and variability in the Mediterranean Sea.

Synthesis and thermal properties of the MA/HDPE composites with nano-additives as form-stable PCM with improved thermal conductivity

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Tang, Yaojie; Su, Di; Huang, Xiang; Alva, Guruprasad; Liu, Lingkun; Fang, Guiyin

2016-01-01

Highlights: • MA/HDPE composites with nano-additives were prepared for thermal conductivity enhancement. • Microstructure and chemical structure of the FSPCM were analyzed. • Thermal properties and thermal reliability of the FSPCM were investigated. • Thermal conductivity of the FSPCM can be enhanced by adding NAO and NG. - Abstract: For the purpose of improving the thermal conductivity of the form–stable phase change materials (FSPCM), two types of nano–powders with high thermal conductivity were added into the samples. In the modified FSPCM, myristic acid (MA) was used as a solid–liquid phase change material (PCM), high density polyethylene (HDPE) acted as supporting material to prevent the leakage of the melted MA. Nano–Al 2 O 3 (NAO) and nano–graphite (NG) were the additives for thermal conductivity enhancement. Scanning electronic microscope (SEM), Fourier transformation infrared spectroscope (FT–IR) and X-ray diffractometer (XRD) were used to analyze the microstructure, chemical structure and crystalline phase of the samples, respectively. Furthermore, the specific latent heat and phase transition temperature, thermal conductivity and thermal reliability were investigated using differential scanning calorimeter (DSC), thermal conductivity meter and thermo–gravimetric analyzer (TGA). The results showed that the MA was uniformly absorbed in the HDPE matrices and there was no leakage during the melting process when the mass fraction of the MA in the MA/HDPE composite was less than 70%. The DSC results revealed that the modified FSPCM have a constant phase change temperature and high specific latent heat. The thermal conductivity of the FSPCM was measured in the solid (30 °C) and liquid (60 °C) states of the MA. When the mass fraction of nano–powder additives is 12%, the thermal conductivities of the FSPCM increase by 95% (NAO) and 121% (NG) at 30 °C. It is anticipated that the FSPCM possess a potential application for thermal energy

Comparison of N-alkyl acridine orange dyes as fluorescence probes for the determination of cardiolipin

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Kaewsuya, P.; Miller, J.D. [Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Miami University, Oxford, OH 45056 (United States); Danielson, N.D. [Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Miami University, Oxford, OH 45056 (United States)], E-mail: danielnd@muohio.edu; Sanjeevi, J.; James, P.F. [Department of Zoology, Miami University, Oxford, OH 45056 (United States)

2008-09-26

The phospholipid (PL), cardiolipin (CL), is found almost exclusively in the inner membrane of mitochondria and loss of CL is considered as an important indication of cell apoptosis. Previously, 10-N-nonyl acridine orange (NAO) has been used as a fluorescent probe for the visualization of CL in mitochondrial cell membranes and in solution. In this work for the determination of CL, we have synthesized two new fluorescent probes, n-tetradecyl acridine orange (C14-AO), and n-octadecyl acridine orange (C18-AO) by reacting acridine orange with the corresponding n-alkyl bromide. Using excitation and emission wavelengths at about 500 and 525 nm and varying the percentage of methanol in water as the solvent, no interaction between CL and the fluorescent probes at 75% is noted but a proportional quenching of the fluorescence signal by CL is observed at 50% or less for C14-AO and 60% or less for C18-AO. Binding efficiency of these fluorescent probes to CL is compared using dye concentrations of 5, 10, and 20 {mu}M. C18-AO shows a better sensitivity than C14-AO and NAO, respectively, but is less selective. For C14-AO, the detection limit and limit of quantitation are 0.07 and 0.21 {mu}M, respectively, which are better than those previously reported for NAO. One anionic PL, phosphatidic acid, shows some quenching interference to both the C14 and C18 dyes but only at concentrations above the working range for sample analysis. The CL in mitochondrial membrane samples is determined by standard addition using C14-AO. The level of CL in the outer mitochondrial membrane compared to the inner membrane is significantly increased due to the addition of cadmium chloride into the cells causing cell apoptosis.

Broad-scale climate influences on spring-spawning herring (Clupea harengus, L.) recruitment in the Western Baltic Sea.

Science.gov (United States)

Gröger, Joachim P; Hinrichsen, Hans-Harald; Polte, Patrick

2014-01-01

Climate forcing in complex ecosystems can have profound implications for ecosystem sustainability and may thus challenge a precautionary ecosystem management. Climatic influences documented to affect various ecological functions on a global scale, may themselves be observed on quantitative or qualitative scales including regime shifts in complex marine ecosystems. This study investigates the potential climatic impact on the reproduction success of spring-spawning herring (Clupea harengus) in the Western Baltic Sea (WBSS herring). To test for climate effects on reproduction success, the regionally determined and scientifically well-documented spawning grounds of WBSS herring represent an ideal model system. Climate effects on herring reproduction were investigated using two global indices of atmospheric variability and sea surface temperature, represented by the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) and the Atlantic Multi-decadal Oscillation (AMO), respectively, and the Baltic Sea Index (BSI) which is a regional-scale atmospheric index for the Baltic Sea. Moreover, we combined a traditional approach with modern time series analysis based on a recruitment model connecting parental population components with reproduction success. Generalized transfer functions (ARIMAX models) allowed evaluating the dynamic nature of exogenous climate processes interacting with the endogenous recruitment process. Using different model selection criteria our results reveal that in contrast to NAO and AMO, the BSI shows a significant positive but delayed signal on the annual dynamics of herring recruitment. The westward influence of the Siberian high is considered strongly suppressing the influence of the NAO in this area leading to a higher explanatory power of the BSI reflecting the atmospheric pressure regime on a North-South transect between Oslo, Norway and Szczecin, Poland. We suggest incorporating climate-induced effects into stock and risk assessments and management strategies as part

Post-1980 shifts in the sensitivity of boreal tree growth to North Atlantic Ocean dynamics and seasonal climate. Tree growth responses to North Atlantic Ocean dynamics

Science.gov (United States)

Ols, Clémentine; Trouet, Valerie; Girardin, Martin P.; Hofgaard, Annika; Bergeron, Yves; Drobyshev, Igor

2018-06-01

The mid-20th century changes in North Atlantic Ocean dynamics, e.g. slow-down of the Atlantic meridional overturning thermohaline circulation (AMOC), have been considered as early signs of tipping points in the Earth climate system. We hypothesized that these changes have significantly altered boreal forest growth dynamics in northeastern North America (NA) and northern Europe (NE), two areas geographically adjacent to the North Atlantic Ocean. To test our hypothesis, we investigated tree growth responses to seasonal large-scale oceanic and atmospheric indices (the AMOC, North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO), and Arctic Oscillation (AO)) and climate (temperature and precipitation) from 1950 onwards, both at the regional and local levels. We developed a network of 6876 black spruce (NA) and 14437 Norway spruce (NE) tree-ring width series, extracted from forest inventory databases. Analyses revealed post-1980 shifts from insignificant to significant tree growth responses to summer oceanic and atmospheric dynamics both in NA (negative responses to NAO and AO indices) and NE (positive response to NAO and AMOC indices). The strength and sign of these responses varied, however, through space with stronger responses in western and central boreal Quebec and in central and northern boreal Sweden, and across scales with stronger responses at the regional level than at the local level. Emerging post-1980 associations with North Atlantic Ocean dynamics synchronized with stronger tree growth responses to local seasonal climate, particularly to winter temperatures. Our results suggest that ongoing and future anomalies in oceanic and atmospheric dynamics may impact forest growth and carbon sequestration to a greater extent than previously thought. Cross-scale differences in responses to North Atlantic Ocean dynamics highlight complex interplays in the effects of local climate and ocean-atmosphere dynamics on tree growth processes and advocate for the use of different spatial scales in

Robustness of serial clustering of extratropical cyclones to the choice of tracking method

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Joaquim G. Pinto

2016-07-01

Full Text Available Cyclone clusters are a frequent synoptic feature in the Euro-Atlantic area. Recent studies have shown that serial clustering of cyclones generally occurs on both flanks and downstream regions of the North Atlantic storm track, while cyclones tend to occur more regulary on the western side of the North Atlantic basin near Newfoundland. This study explores the sensitivity of serial clustering to the choice of cyclone tracking method using cyclone track data from 15 methods derived from ERA-Interim data (1979–2010. Clustering is estimated by the dispersion (ratio of variance to mean of winter [December – February (DJF] cyclone passages near each grid point over the Euro-Atlantic area. The mean number of cyclone counts and their variance are compared between methods, revealing considerable differences, particularly for the latter. Results show that all different tracking methods qualitatively capture similar large-scale spatial patterns of underdispersion and overdispersion over the study region. The quantitative differences can primarily be attributed to the differences in the variance of cyclone counts between the methods. Nevertheless, overdispersion is statistically significant for almost all methods over parts of the eastern North Atlantic and Western Europe, and is therefore considered as a robust feature. The influence of the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO on cyclone clustering displays a similar pattern for all tracking methods, with one maximum near Iceland and another between the Azores and Iberia. The differences in variance between methods are not related with different sensitivities to the NAO, which can account to over 50% of the clustering in some regions. We conclude that the general features of underdispersion and overdispersion of extratropical cyclones over the North Atlantic and Western Europe are robust to the choice of tracking method. The same is true for the influence of the NAO on cyclone dispersion.

Broad-scale climate influences on spring-spawning herring (Clupea harengus, L. recruitment in the Western Baltic Sea.

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Joachim P Gröger

Full Text Available Climate forcing in complex ecosystems can have profound implications for ecosystem sustainability and may thus challenge a precautionary ecosystem management. Climatic influences documented to affect various ecological functions on a global scale, may themselves be observed on quantitative or qualitative scales including regime shifts in complex marine ecosystems. This study investigates the potential climatic impact on the reproduction success of spring-spawning herring (Clupea harengus in the Western Baltic Sea (WBSS herring. To test for climate effects on reproduction success, the regionally determined and scientifically well-documented spawning grounds of WBSS herring represent an ideal model system. Climate effects on herring reproduction were investigated using two global indices of atmospheric variability and sea surface temperature, represented by the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO and the Atlantic Multi-decadal Oscillation (AMO, respectively, and the Baltic Sea Index (BSI which is a regional-scale atmospheric index for the Baltic Sea. Moreover, we combined a traditional approach with modern time series analysis based on a recruitment model connecting parental population components with reproduction success. Generalized transfer functions (ARIMAX models allowed evaluating the dynamic nature of exogenous climate processes interacting with the endogenous recruitment process. Using different model selection criteria our results reveal that in contrast to NAO and AMO, the BSI shows a significant positive but delayed signal on the annual dynamics of herring recruitment. The westward influence of the Siberian high is considered strongly suppressing the influence of the NAO in this area leading to a higher explanatory power of the BSI reflecting the atmospheric pressure regime on a North-South transect between Oslo, Norway and Szczecin, Poland. We suggest incorporating climate-induced effects into stock and risk assessments and management

Robotic Literacy Learning Companions: Exploring Student Engagement with a Humanoid Robot in an Afterschool Literacy Program

Science.gov (United States)

Levchak, Sofia

2016-01-01

This study was an investigation of the use of a NAO humanoid robot as an effective tool for engaging readers in an afterschool program as well as to find if increasing engagement using a humanoid robot would affect students' reading comprehension when compared to traditional forms of instruction. The targeted population of this study was…

Efeito da terapia com laser de arsenieto de gálio e alumínio (660Nm sobre a recuperação do nervo ciático de ratos após lesão por neurotmese seguida de anastomose epineural: análise funcional Effect of gallium-aluminum-arsenide laser therapy (660Nm on recovery of the sciatic nerve in rats following neurotmesis lesion and epineural anastomosis: functional analysis

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

FA Reis

2008-06-01

Full Text Available CONTEXTUALIZAÇÃO: As lesões nervosas periféricas podem comprometer atividades diárias de um indivíduo e resultam em perda da sensibilidade e motricidade do território inervado. OBJETIVO: Com o intuito de acelerar os processos regenerativos, objetivou-se analisar a influência da aplicação do laser de arsenieto de gálio e alumínio (AsGaAl, 660Nm sobre a recuperação funcional do nervo ciático de ratos. MATERIAIS E MÉTODOS: O nervo ciático de 12 ratos Wistar foi submetido à lesão por neurotmese e anastomose epineural e divididos em dois grupos: controle e laserterapia. Após a lesão, utilizou-se o laser de GaAlAs, 660Nm, 4J/cm², 26,3mW, feixe de 0,63cm², em três pontos eqüidistantes sobre a lesão, por 20 dias. As impressões das pegadas dos animais foram obtidas antes e após (sete, 14 e 21 dias pós-operatórios o procedimento cirúrgico e calculou-se o índice funcional do ciático (IFC. RESULTADOS: A comparação do IFC não resultou em diferença significante (p>0,05 entre os grupos. CONCLUSÕES: Conclui-se que os parâmetros e métodos empregados na laserterapia demonstram resultados nulos sobre o IFC no período avaliado.CONTEXT: Peripheral nerve injuries result in sensory and motor losses in the innervated area and can hinder individuals’ daily activities. Objective: The objective was to analyze the influence of applying gallium-aluminum-arsenide (GaAlAs laser (660Nm on the functional recovery of the sciatic nerve in rats. METHODS: The sciatic nerve of 12 Wistar rats was subjected to injury consisting of neurotmesis and epineural anastomosis. The rats were divided into two groups: control and laser therapy. After the injury, a GaAlAs laser was used (660Nm, 4J/cm², 26.3mW and 0.63cm² beam at three equidistant points on the injury, for 20 days. Footprint impressions were obtained from the animals before and seven, 14 and 21 days after the surgical procedure and the sciatic functional index (SFI was calculated

A Riccati model for Denmark Strait overflow variability

Science.gov (United States)

Käse, R. H.

2006-10-01

A controlled volume box model of the western basins of the Nordic Seas for water denser than 1027.8 kg m-3 is constructed, where accumulation in volume ($\\frac{dV}{dt) is driven by net imbalances between prescribed net inflow from the northern, eastern and top boundaries (Qs) and hydraulically limited outflow through the Denmark Strait. The resulting Riccati equation is solved analytically for filling and flushing experiments with constant Qs and numerically for stochastic forcing Qs(t). For small perturbations to Qs with white noise spectrum, the overflow response is red noise with a time scale between 5 and 15 years depending on the mean interface height and area. For Qs proportional to the NAO index, the overflow is positively correlated with the NAO. A 140 years integration reveals variations in the overflow between 2.5 Sv in the 1970s and a maximum of 4 Sv in the 1990s. Hydraulic transport calculations from hydrographic data north of Iceland show good agreement with the model hindcast.

Trends and low-frequency variability of storminess over western Europe, 1878-2007

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Wang, Xiaolan L.; Wan, Hui; Zwiers, Francis W.; Swail, Val R. [Environment Canada, Climate Research Division, Science and Technology Branch, Toronto, ON (Canada); Compo, Gilbert P. [University of Colorado, CIRES, Climate Diagnostics Center, Boulder, CO (United States); Physical Sciences Division, NOAA Earth System Research Laboratory, Boulder, CO (United States); Allan, Robert J. [Met Office, Hadley Centre, Exeter (United Kingdom); Vose, Russell S. [NOAA' s National Climatic Data Center, Asheville, NC (United States); Jourdain, Sylvie [Direction de la Climatologie, Meteo-France, Toulouse (France); Yin, Xungang [STG Inc., Asheville, NC (United States)

2011-12-15

This study analyzes extremes of geostrophic wind speeds derived from sub-daily surface pressure observations at 13 sites in the European region from the Iberian peninsula to Scandinavia for the period from 1878 or later to 2007. It extends previous studies on storminess conditions in the Northeast (NE) Atlantic-European region. It also briefly discusses the relationship between storminess and the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO). The results show that storminess conditions in the region from the Northeast Atlantic to western Europe have undergone substantial decadal or longer time scale fluctuations, with considerable seasonal and regional differences (especially between winter and summer, and between the British Isles-North Sea area and other parts of the region). In the North Sea and the Alps areas, there has been a notable increase in the occurrence frequency of strong geostrophic winds from the mid to the late twentieth century. The results also show that, in the cold season (December-March), the NAO-storminess relationship is significantly positive in the north-central part of this region, but negative in the south-southeastern part. (orig.)

Airborne pollen trends in the Iberian Peninsula.

Science.gov (United States)

Galán, C; Alcázar, P; Oteros, J; García-Mozo, H; Aira, M J; Belmonte, J; Diaz de la Guardia, C; Fernández-González, D; Gutierrez-Bustillo, M; Moreno-Grau, S; Pérez-Badía, R; Rodríguez-Rajo, J; Ruiz-Valenzuela, L; Tormo, R; Trigo, M M; Domínguez-Vilches, E

2016-04-15

Airborne pollen monitoring is an effective tool for studying the reproductive phenology of anemophilous plants, an important bioindicator of plant behavior. Recent decades have revealed a trend towards rising airborne pollen concentrations in Europe, attributing these trends to an increase in anthropogenic CO2 emissions and temperature. However, the lack of water availability in southern Europe may prompt a trend towards lower flowering intensity, especially in herbaceous plants. Here we show variations in flowering intensity by analyzing the Annual Pollen Index (API) of 12 anemophilous taxa across 12 locations in the Iberian Peninsula, over the last two decades, and detecting the influence of the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO). Results revealed differences in the distribution and flowering intensity of anemophilous species. A negative correlation was observed between airborne pollen concentrations and winter averages of the NAO index. This study confirms that changes in rainfall in the Mediterranean region, attributed to climate change, have an important impact on the phenology of plants. Copyright © 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

A mortalidade neonatal em 1998, no município de Botucatu - SP La mortalidad neonatal en 1998, en el município de Botucatu-SP The neonatal mortality in 1998 at the municipality of Botucatu-SP

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Kátia Poles

2000-07-01

Full Text Available Considerando que a mortalidade neonatal é indicador da qualidade da assistência prestada à gestante, ao parto e ao recém-nascido, realizamos o presente trabalho, cujo objetivo foi identificar as causas e o índice de mortalidade neonatal durante o ano de 1998 em Botucatu-SP. O coeficiente de mortalidade neonatal obtido foi de 8,3/1000 nascidos vivos e o coeficiente de mortalidade neonatal precoce foi de 7,3/1000 nascidos vivos, confirmando a importância dos óbitos na primeira semana de vida. Aproximadamente três quartos dos óbitos puderam ser classificados como reduzíveis por diagnóstico e tratamento precoces, reduzíveis por adequada atenção ao parto ou parcialmente reduzíveis por adequado controle da gravidez, evidenciando que para se reduzir os índices de morte neonatal, deveremos investir na melhoria da qualidade da assistência prestada à gestante, à parturiente e ao neonato.Considerando que la mortalidad neonatal es un indicador de la calidad de la asistencia ofrecida en la gestación, al parto y al recién- nacido, realizamos el presente trabajo, con el objetivo de estudiar la mortalidad neonatal durante el año de 1998 en Botucatu-SP. El coeficiente de mortalidad neonatal encontrado fue 8,3/1000 nacidos vivos y el coeficiente de mortalidad neonatal precoz fue de 7,3/1000 nacidos vivos, confirmando la importancia de las defunciones en la primera semana de vida. Los resultados mostraron que aproximadamente tres cuartos de las defunciones pueden ser reducidas con el control del embarazo, con el diagnóstico y tratamiento precoz o con la adecuada atención al parto, evidenciando que para reducir los índices de mortalidad neonatal, deberemos invertir en la mejoría de la calidad de la asistencia ofrecida en la gestación, en el parto y al recién-nacido.Considering that neonatal mortality is an indicator of the quality of the care provided to pregnant women, at childbirth as well as to the new born, authors developed the

Climate Prediction Center

Science.gov (United States)

Weather Service NWS logo - Click to go to the NWS home page Climate Prediction Center Home Site Map News Organization Enter Search Term(s): Search Search the CPC Go NCEP Quarterly Newsletter Climate Highlights U.S Climate-Weather El Niño/La Niña MJO Blocking AAO, AO, NAO, PNA Climatology Global Monsoons Expert

Haemophilus influenzae tipo b: situação epidemiológica no Estado de Minas Gerais, Brasil, 1993 a 1997 Haemophilus influenzae type b: epidemiological situation in the State of Minas Gerais, Brazil, 1993-1997

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Sybelle de Souza Castro Miranzi

2003-10-01

Full Text Available Entre as doenças invasivas causadas pelo Haemophilus influenzae tipo b (Hib, destacam-se, pela freqüência e gravidade, as pneumonias e as meningites. No período de 1993 a 1997, foram notificados, em Minas Gerais, 720 casos de meningites por Hib, sendo a causa mais freqüente de meningite bacteriana em menores de um ano e a segunda causa no total de meningites. Entretanto, estimou-se uma ocorrência total de 1.160 casos considerando as meningites bacterianas não especificadas. O total de casos estimados de doença invasiva por Hib parece justificar a recente inclusão da vacina no esquema básico de imunizações. O alto custo da vacina reforça a necessidade de melhorar a vigilância epidemiológica da meningite, que constitui uma das fragilidades das ações de controle desta doença.Among Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib invasive diseases, pneumonia and meningitis are the most relevant in public health due to their frequency and severity. From 1993 to 1997, there were 720 cases of Hib meningitis in Minas Gerais State, Brazil, representing the most frequent cause of bacterial meningitis in infants (< 1 year and the second most frequent among all causes of meningitis. The total estimated cases of invasive Hib diseases thus appear to justify the recent inclusion of the vaccine in the basic immunization protocol. The vaccine's high cost reinforces the need for more precise monitoring of the etiological diagnosis of meningitis cases, representing one of the weaknesses in the prevailing epidemiological surveillance system.

Eikenella corrodens and Porphyromonas asaccharolytica pleural empyema in a diabetic patient with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome on noninvasive ventilation

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J. Caiano Gil

2013-03-01

Full Text Available Eikenella corrodens is a normal inhabitant of the human oral cavity and gastrointestinal and genitourinary tracts.Pleuropulmonary infections by this microorganism are uncommon. Pulmonary aspiration is a chief predisposing condition. Although the outcome is usually favorable, its distinctive antibiotic sensitivity pattern makes bacterial identification an important feature in dealing with this infection.The authors report a case of pleural empyema caused by co-infection with E. corrodens and Porphyromonas asaccharolytica, in an immunocompetent diabetic patient with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome, followed by a discussion on the role of noninvasive ventilation in the development of this infection. Resumo: A Eikenella corrodens é um microrganismo habitualmente encontrado na mucosa oral, trato gastrointestinal e trato geniturinário de humanos.Os casos de infeção pleuropulmonar por este agente são raros em indivíduos imunocompetentes, sendo a aspiração um fator importante na sua patogenia. Apesar de apresentar geralmente um prognóstico favorável, o reconhecimento desta infeção é essencial dado o perfil de sensibilidades característico.Os autores apresentam um caso de empiema pleural por E. corrodens, em coinfeção com Porphyromonas asaccharolytica, numa doente diabética imunocompetente com síndrome de apneia obstrutiva do sono, discutindo o papel da ventilação não invasiva como fator predisponente da referida infeção. Keywords: Pleural empyema, Continuous positive airway pressure, Obstructive sleep apnea, Eikenella corrodens, Porphyromonas, Palavras-chave: Empiema pleural, Ventilação não invasiva, Apneia obstrutiva do sono, Eikenella corrodens, Porphyromonas